commit 03107339afbabfb0efa13117771f02c205069375
Author: mwiegand <mwiegand@seibert-media.net>
Date:   Thu Mar 17 22:16:30 2022 +0100

    Initial Commit

diff --git a/.envrc b/.envrc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2caf9c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.envrc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+python3 -m venv .venv
+source ./.venv/bin/activate
+
diff --git a/.venv/bin/Activate.ps1 b/.venv/bin/Activate.ps1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d3646a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/Activate.ps1
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+<#
+.Synopsis
+Activate a Python virtual environment for the current PowerShell session.
+
+.Description
+Pushes the python executable for a virtual environment to the front of the
+$Env:PATH environment variable and sets the prompt to signify that you are
+in a Python virtual environment. Makes use of the command line switches as
+well as the `pyvenv.cfg` file values present in the virtual environment.
+
+.Parameter VenvDir
+Path to the directory that contains the virtual environment to activate. The
+default value for this is the parent of the directory that the Activate.ps1
+script is located within.
+
+.Parameter Prompt
+The prompt prefix to display when this virtual environment is activated. By
+default, this prompt is the name of the virtual environment folder (VenvDir)
+surrounded by parentheses and followed by a single space (ie. '(.venv) ').
+
+.Example
+Activate.ps1
+Activates the Python virtual environment that contains the Activate.ps1 script.
+
+.Example
+Activate.ps1 -Verbose
+Activates the Python virtual environment that contains the Activate.ps1 script,
+and shows extra information about the activation as it executes.
+
+.Example
+Activate.ps1 -VenvDir C:\Users\MyUser\Common\.venv
+Activates the Python virtual environment located in the specified location.
+
+.Example
+Activate.ps1 -Prompt "MyPython"
+Activates the Python virtual environment that contains the Activate.ps1 script,
+and prefixes the current prompt with the specified string (surrounded in
+parentheses) while the virtual environment is active.
+
+.Notes
+On Windows, it may be required to enable this Activate.ps1 script by setting the
+execution policy for the user. You can do this by issuing the following PowerShell
+command:
+
+PS C:\> Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
+
+For more information on Execution Policies: 
+https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135170
+
+#>
+Param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]
+    [String]
+    $VenvDir,
+    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]
+    [String]
+    $Prompt
+)
+
+<# Function declarations --------------------------------------------------- #>
+
+<#
+.Synopsis
+Remove all shell session elements added by the Activate script, including the
+addition of the virtual environment's Python executable from the beginning of
+the PATH variable.
+
+.Parameter NonDestructive
+If present, do not remove this function from the global namespace for the
+session.
+
+#>
+function global:deactivate ([switch]$NonDestructive) {
+    # Revert to original values
+
+    # The prior prompt:
+    if (Test-Path -Path Function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT) {
+        Copy-Item -Path Function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT -Destination Function:prompt
+        Remove-Item -Path Function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT
+    }
+
+    # The prior PYTHONHOME:
+    if (Test-Path -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME) {
+        Copy-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME -Destination Env:PYTHONHOME
+        Remove-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+    }
+
+    # The prior PATH:
+    if (Test-Path -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH) {
+        Copy-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH -Destination Env:PATH
+        Remove-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+    }
+
+    # Just remove the VIRTUAL_ENV altogether:
+    if (Test-Path -Path Env:VIRTUAL_ENV) {
+        Remove-Item -Path env:VIRTUAL_ENV
+    }
+
+    # Just remove the _PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX altogether:
+    if (Get-Variable -Name "_PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+        Remove-Variable -Name _PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX -Scope Global -Force
+    }
+
+    # Leave deactivate function in the global namespace if requested:
+    if (-not $NonDestructive) {
+        Remove-Item -Path function:deactivate
+    }
+}
+
+<#
+.Description
+Get-PyVenvConfig parses the values from the pyvenv.cfg file located in the
+given folder, and returns them in a map.
+
+For each line in the pyvenv.cfg file, if that line can be parsed into exactly
+two strings separated by `=` (with any amount of whitespace surrounding the =)
+then it is considered a `key = value` line. The left hand string is the key,
+the right hand is the value.
+
+If the value starts with a `'` or a `"` then the first and last character is
+stripped from the value before being captured.
+
+.Parameter ConfigDir
+Path to the directory that contains the `pyvenv.cfg` file.
+#>
+function Get-PyVenvConfig(
+    [String]
+    $ConfigDir
+) {
+    Write-Verbose "Given ConfigDir=$ConfigDir, obtain values in pyvenv.cfg"
+
+    # Ensure the file exists, and issue a warning if it doesn't (but still allow the function to continue).
+    $pyvenvConfigPath = Join-Path -Resolve -Path $ConfigDir -ChildPath 'pyvenv.cfg' -ErrorAction Continue
+
+    # An empty map will be returned if no config file is found.
+    $pyvenvConfig = @{ }
+
+    if ($pyvenvConfigPath) {
+
+        Write-Verbose "File exists, parse `key = value` lines"
+        $pyvenvConfigContent = Get-Content -Path $pyvenvConfigPath
+
+        $pyvenvConfigContent | ForEach-Object {
+            $keyval = $PSItem -split "\s*=\s*", 2
+            if ($keyval[0] -and $keyval[1]) {
+                $val = $keyval[1]
+
+                # Remove extraneous quotations around a string value.
+                if ("'""".Contains($val.Substring(0, 1))) {
+                    $val = $val.Substring(1, $val.Length - 2)
+                }
+
+                $pyvenvConfig[$keyval[0]] = $val
+                Write-Verbose "Adding Key: '$($keyval[0])'='$val'"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $pyvenvConfig
+}
+
+
+<# Begin Activate script --------------------------------------------------- #>
+
+# Determine the containing directory of this script
+$VenvExecPath = Split-Path -Parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Definition
+$VenvExecDir = Get-Item -Path $VenvExecPath
+
+Write-Verbose "Activation script is located in path: '$VenvExecPath'"
+Write-Verbose "VenvExecDir Fullname: '$($VenvExecDir.FullName)"
+Write-Verbose "VenvExecDir Name: '$($VenvExecDir.Name)"
+
+# Set values required in priority: CmdLine, ConfigFile, Default
+# First, get the location of the virtual environment, it might not be
+# VenvExecDir if specified on the command line.
+if ($VenvDir) {
+    Write-Verbose "VenvDir given as parameter, using '$VenvDir' to determine values"
+}
+else {
+    Write-Verbose "VenvDir not given as a parameter, using parent directory name as VenvDir."
+    $VenvDir = $VenvExecDir.Parent.FullName.TrimEnd("\\/")
+    Write-Verbose "VenvDir=$VenvDir"
+}
+
+# Next, read the `pyvenv.cfg` file to determine any required value such
+# as `prompt`.
+$pyvenvCfg = Get-PyVenvConfig -ConfigDir $VenvDir
+
+# Next, set the prompt from the command line, or the config file, or
+# just use the name of the virtual environment folder.
+if ($Prompt) {
+    Write-Verbose "Prompt specified as argument, using '$Prompt'"
+}
+else {
+    Write-Verbose "Prompt not specified as argument to script, checking pyvenv.cfg value"
+    if ($pyvenvCfg -and $pyvenvCfg['prompt']) {
+        Write-Verbose "  Setting based on value in pyvenv.cfg='$($pyvenvCfg['prompt'])'"
+        $Prompt = $pyvenvCfg['prompt'];
+    }
+    else {
+        Write-Verbose "  Setting prompt based on parent's directory's name. (Is the directory name passed to venv module when creating the virtual environment)"
+        Write-Verbose "  Got leaf-name of $VenvDir='$(Split-Path -Path $venvDir -Leaf)'"
+        $Prompt = Split-Path -Path $venvDir -Leaf
+    }
+}
+
+Write-Verbose "Prompt = '$Prompt'"
+Write-Verbose "VenvDir='$VenvDir'"
+
+# Deactivate any currently active virtual environment, but leave the
+# deactivate function in place.
+deactivate -nondestructive
+
+# Now set the environment variable VIRTUAL_ENV, used by many tools to determine
+# that there is an activated venv.
+$env:VIRTUAL_ENV = $VenvDir
+
+if (-not $Env:VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT) {
+
+    Write-Verbose "Setting prompt to '$Prompt'"
+
+    # Set the prompt to include the env name
+    # Make sure _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT is global
+    function global:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT { "" }
+    Copy-Item -Path function:prompt -Destination function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT
+    New-Variable -Name _PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX -Description "Python virtual environment prompt prefix" -Scope Global -Option ReadOnly -Visibility Public -Value $Prompt
+
+    function global:prompt {
+        Write-Host -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green "($_PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX) "
+        _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT
+    }
+}
+
+# Clear PYTHONHOME
+if (Test-Path -Path Env:PYTHONHOME) {
+    Copy-Item -Path Env:PYTHONHOME -Destination Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+    Remove-Item -Path Env:PYTHONHOME
+}
+
+# Add the venv to the PATH
+Copy-Item -Path Env:PATH -Destination Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+$Env:PATH = "$VenvExecDir$([System.IO.Path]::PathSeparator)$Env:PATH"
diff --git a/.venv/bin/activate b/.venv/bin/activate
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8617fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/activate
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# This file must be used with "source bin/activate" *from bash*
+# you cannot run it directly
+
+deactivate () {
+    # reset old environment variables
+    if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}" ] ; then
+        PATH="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}"
+        export PATH
+        unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+    fi
+    if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}" ] ; then
+        PYTHONHOME="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}"
+        export PYTHONHOME
+        unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+    fi
+
+    # This should detect bash and zsh, which have a hash command that must
+    # be called to get it to forget past commands.  Without forgetting
+    # past commands the $PATH changes we made may not be respected
+    if [ -n "${BASH:-}" -o -n "${ZSH_VERSION:-}" ] ; then
+        hash -r 2> /dev/null
+    fi
+
+    if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}" ] ; then
+        PS1="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}"
+        export PS1
+        unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1
+    fi
+
+    unset VIRTUAL_ENV
+    if [ ! "${1:-}" = "nondestructive" ] ; then
+    # Self destruct!
+        unset -f deactivate
+    fi
+}
+
+# unset irrelevant variables
+deactivate nondestructive
+
+VIRTUAL_ENV="/Users/mwiegand/Projekte/blockirgendwaschaindings/.venv"
+export VIRTUAL_ENV
+
+_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH="$PATH"
+PATH="$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
+export PATH
+
+# unset PYTHONHOME if set
+# this will fail if PYTHONHOME is set to the empty string (which is bad anyway)
+# could use `if (set -u; : $PYTHONHOME) ;` in bash
+if [ -n "${PYTHONHOME:-}" ] ; then
+    _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME="${PYTHONHOME:-}"
+    unset PYTHONHOME
+fi
+
+if [ -z "${VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT:-}" ] ; then
+    _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1="${PS1:-}"
+    PS1="(.venv) ${PS1:-}"
+    export PS1
+fi
+
+# This should detect bash and zsh, which have a hash command that must
+# be called to get it to forget past commands.  Without forgetting
+# past commands the $PATH changes we made may not be respected
+if [ -n "${BASH:-}" -o -n "${ZSH_VERSION:-}" ] ; then
+    hash -r 2> /dev/null
+fi
diff --git a/.venv/bin/activate.csh b/.venv/bin/activate.csh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb3aba5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/activate.csh
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# This file must be used with "source bin/activate.csh" *from csh*.
+# You cannot run it directly.
+# Created by Davide Di Blasi <davidedb@gmail.com>.
+# Ported to Python 3.3 venv by Andrew Svetlov <andrew.svetlov@gmail.com>
+
+alias deactivate 'test $?_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH != 0 && setenv PATH "$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH" && unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH; rehash; test $?_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT != 0 && set prompt="$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT" && unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT; unsetenv VIRTUAL_ENV; test "\!:*" != "nondestructive" && unalias deactivate'
+
+# Unset irrelevant variables.
+deactivate nondestructive
+
+setenv VIRTUAL_ENV "/Users/mwiegand/Projekte/blockirgendwaschaindings/.venv"
+
+set _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH="$PATH"
+setenv PATH "$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
+
+
+set _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT="$prompt"
+
+if (! "$?VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT") then
+    set prompt = "(.venv) $prompt"
+endif
+
+alias pydoc python -m pydoc
+
+rehash
diff --git a/.venv/bin/activate.fish b/.venv/bin/activate.fish
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b7813f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/activate.fish
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# This file must be used with "source <venv>/bin/activate.fish" *from fish*
+# (https://fishshell.com/); you cannot run it directly.
+
+function deactivate  -d "Exit virtual environment and return to normal shell environment"
+    # reset old environment variables
+    if test -n "$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH"
+        set -gx PATH $_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+        set -e _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+    end
+    if test -n "$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME"
+        set -gx PYTHONHOME $_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+        set -e _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+    end
+
+    if test -n "$_OLD_FISH_PROMPT_OVERRIDE"
+        functions -e fish_prompt
+        set -e _OLD_FISH_PROMPT_OVERRIDE
+        functions -c _old_fish_prompt fish_prompt
+        functions -e _old_fish_prompt
+    end
+
+    set -e VIRTUAL_ENV
+    if test "$argv[1]" != "nondestructive"
+        # Self-destruct!
+        functions -e deactivate
+    end
+end
+
+# Unset irrelevant variables.
+deactivate nondestructive
+
+set -gx VIRTUAL_ENV "/Users/mwiegand/Projekte/blockirgendwaschaindings/.venv"
+
+set -gx _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH $PATH
+set -gx PATH "$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin" $PATH
+
+# Unset PYTHONHOME if set.
+if set -q PYTHONHOME
+    set -gx _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME $PYTHONHOME
+    set -e PYTHONHOME
+end
+
+if test -z "$VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT"
+    # fish uses a function instead of an env var to generate the prompt.
+
+    # Save the current fish_prompt function as the function _old_fish_prompt.
+    functions -c fish_prompt _old_fish_prompt
+
+    # With the original prompt function renamed, we can override with our own.
+    function fish_prompt
+        # Save the return status of the last command.
+        set -l old_status $status
+
+        # Output the venv prompt; color taken from the blue of the Python logo.
+        printf "%s%s%s" (set_color 4B8BBE) "(.venv) " (set_color normal)
+
+        # Restore the return status of the previous command.
+        echo "exit $old_status" | .
+        # Output the original/"old" prompt.
+        _old_fish_prompt
+    end
+
+    set -gx _OLD_FISH_PROMPT_OVERRIDE "$VIRTUAL_ENV"
+end
diff --git a/.venv/bin/jsonschema b/.venv/bin/jsonschema
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f982aa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/jsonschema
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/Users/mwiegand/Projekte/blockirgendwaschaindings/.venv/bin/python3.9
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+from jsonschema.cli import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/.venv/bin/normalizer b/.venv/bin/normalizer
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4337c73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/normalizer
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/Users/mwiegand/Projekte/blockirgendwaschaindings/.venv/bin/python3.9
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+from charset_normalizer.cli.normalizer import cli_detect
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(cli_detect())
diff --git a/.venv/bin/pip b/.venv/bin/pip
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..133313b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/pip
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/Users/mwiegand/Projekte/blockirgendwaschaindings/.venv/bin/python3.9
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+from pip._internal.cli.main import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/.venv/bin/pip3 b/.venv/bin/pip3
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..133313b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/pip3
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/Users/mwiegand/Projekte/blockirgendwaschaindings/.venv/bin/python3.9
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+from pip._internal.cli.main import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/.venv/bin/pip3.9 b/.venv/bin/pip3.9
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..133313b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/pip3.9
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/Users/mwiegand/Projekte/blockirgendwaschaindings/.venv/bin/python3.9
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+from pip._internal.cli.main import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/.venv/bin/python b/.venv/bin/python
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..e616d26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/python
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+python3.9
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.venv/bin/python3 b/.venv/bin/python3
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..e616d26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/python3
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+python3.9
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.venv/bin/python3.9 b/.venv/bin/python3.9
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..9c670a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/bin/python3.9
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/usr/local/opt/python@3.9/bin/python3.9
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d112d04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Copyright 2020 Dag Brattli
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..76ed2d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: OSlash
+Version: 0.6.3
+Summary: OSlash (Ø) for Python 3.8+
+Home-page: https://github.com/dbrattli/oslash
+Author: Dag Brattli
+Author-email: dag@brattli.net
+License: MIT License
+Download-URL: https://github.com/dbrattli/oslash
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 4 - Beta
+Classifier: Environment :: Other Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+Requires-Dist: typing-extensions
+
+# Functors, Applicatives, And Monads in Python
+
+![Python package](https://github.com/dbrattli/OSlash/workflows/Python%20package/badge.svg)
+
+OSlash (Ø) is a library for playing with functional programming in Python 3.8+. It's an attempt to re-implement some of
+the code from [Learn You a Haskell for Great Good!](http://learnyouahaskell.com/) in Python 3.8. OSlash unifies
+functional and object oriented paradigms by grouping related functions within classes. Objects are however never used
+for storing values or mutable data, and data only lives within function closures.
+
+OSlash is intended to be a tutorial. For practical functional programming in Python in production environments you
+should use [FSlash](https://github.com/dbrattli/fslash) instead.
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+> pip3 install oslash
+```
+
+The project currently contains implementations for:
+
+## Abstract Base Classes
+
+- **[Functor](https://github.com/dbrattli/OSlash/wiki/Functors,-Applicatives,-And-Monads-In-Pictures#functors)**, for stuff that can be mapped
+- **[Applicative](https://github.com/dbrattli/OSlash/wiki/Functors,-Applicatives,-And-Monads-In-Pictures#applicatives)**, for callable stuff
+- **Monoid**, for associative stuff
+- **[Monad](https://github.com/dbrattli/OSlash/wiki/Functors,-Applicatives,-And-Monads-In-Pictures#monads)**, for monadic stuff
+
+## And Some Monads
+
+- **Identity**, boxed stuff in its simplest form
+- **[Maybe (Just | Nothing)](https://github.com/dbrattli/oslash/wiki/Functors,-Applicatives,-And-Monads-In-Pictures)**, for optional stuff
+- **Either (Right | Left)**, for possible failures
+- **List**, purely functional list of stuff
+- **[IO Action](https://github.com/dbrattli/OSlash/wiki/Functors,-Applicatives,-And-Monads-In-Pictures#io-monad)**, for impure stuff
+- **[Writer](https://github.com/dbrattli/OSlash/wiki/Three-Useful-Monads#the-writer-monad)**, for logging stuff
+- **[Reader](https://github.com/dbrattli/OSlash/wiki/Three-Useful-Monads#the-reader-monad)**, for callable stuff
+- **State**, for stateful computations of stuff
+- **Cont**, for continuation of stuff
+
+## Monadic functions
+
+- **>>**, for sequencing monadic actions
+- **lift**, for mapping a function over monadic values
+- **join**, for removing one level of monadic structure
+- **compose**, for composing monadic functions
+
+## Utility functions
+
+- **compose**, for composing 0 to n functions
+
+## But why?
+
+Yes, I know there are other projects out there like [PyMonad](https://bitbucket.org/jason_delaat/pymonad/),
+[fn.py](https://github.com/kachayev/fn.py). I'm simply doing this in order to better understand the
+[book](http://learnyouahaskell.com/). It's so much easier to learn when you implement things yourself. The code may be
+similar to PyMonad in structure, but is quite different in implementation.
+
+Why is the project called OSlash? OSlash is the Norwegian character called [Oslash](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ø).
+Initially I wanted to create a project that used Ø and ø (unicode) for the project name and modules. It didn't work out
+well, so I renamed it to OSlash.
+
+## Examples
+
+Haskell:
+
+```haskell
+> fmap (+3) (Just 2)
+Just 5
+
+> (+3) <$> (Just 2)
+Just 5
+```
+
+Python:
+
+```python
+>>> Just(2).map(lambda x: x+3)
+Just 5
+
+>>> (lambda x: x+3) % Just(2)
+Just 5
+
+```
+
+IO Actions:
+
+```python
+from oslash import put_line, get_line
+
+main = put_line("What is your name?") | (lambda _:
+    get_line() | (lambda name:
+    put_line("What is your age?") | (lambda _:
+    get_line() | (lambda age:
+    put_line("Hello " + name + "!") | (lambda _:
+    put_line("You are " + age + " years old"))))))
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+```
+
+## Tutorials
+
+- [Functors, Applicatives, And Monads In Pictures](https://github.com/dbrattli/oslash/wiki/Functors,-Applicatives,-And-Monads-In-Pictures) in Python.
+- [Three Useful Monads](https://github.com/dbrattli/OSlash/wiki/Three-Useful-Monads) _(in progress)_
+- [Using Either monad in Python](https://medium.com/@rnesytov/using-either-monad-in-python-b6eac698dff5)
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a46308
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/RECORD
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+oslash/util/__pycache__/numerals.cpython-39.pyc,,
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+oslash/util/numerals.py,sha256=F2Us8AmoEwGdnXROB3OO9xchYcETzW60LNC_Eki7Dg8,1084
+oslash/writer.py,sha256=PHCFzHIPe-txosY1gi53CCC1En01WiGtia0YvUJU96M,3342
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83ff02e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.35.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b177e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+oslash
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/zip-safe b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/zip-safe
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b13789
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/OSlash-0.6.3.dist-info/zip-safe
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91e18a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+                              Apache License
+                        Version 2.0, January 2004
+                     http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+1. Definitions.
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+6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1de4243
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: PyNaCl
+Version: 1.5.0
+Summary: Python binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library
+Home-page: https://github.com/pyca/pynacl/
+Author: The PyNaCl developers
+Author-email: cryptography-dev@python.org
+License: Apache License 2.0
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: cffi (>=1.4.1)
+Provides-Extra: docs
+Requires-Dist: sphinx (>=1.6.5) ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx-rtd-theme ; extra == 'docs'
+Provides-Extra: tests
+Requires-Dist: pytest (!=3.3.0,>=3.2.1) ; extra == 'tests'
+Requires-Dist: hypothesis (>=3.27.0) ; extra == 'tests'
+
+===============================================
+PyNaCl: Python binding to the libsodium library
+===============================================
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/pynacl.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.org/project/PyNaCl/
+    :alt: Latest Version
+
+.. image:: https://codecov.io/github/pyca/pynacl/coverage.svg?branch=main
+    :target: https://codecov.io/github/pyca/pynacl?branch=main
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/pynacl.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.org/project/PyNaCl/
+    :alt: Compatible Python Versions
+
+PyNaCl is a Python binding to `libsodium`_, which is a fork of the
+`Networking and Cryptography library`_. These libraries have a stated goal of
+improving usability, security and speed. It supports Python 3.6+ as well as
+PyPy 3.
+
+.. _libsodium: https://github.com/jedisct1/libsodium
+.. _Networking and Cryptography library: https://nacl.cr.yp.to/
+
+Features
+--------
+
+* Digital signatures
+* Secret-key encryption
+* Public-key encryption
+* Hashing and message authentication
+* Password based key derivation and password hashing
+
+`Changelog`_
+------------
+
+.. _Changelog: https://pynacl.readthedocs.io/en/stable/changelog/
+
+Installation
+============
+
+Binary wheel install
+--------------------
+
+PyNaCl ships as a binary wheel on macOS, Windows and Linux ``manylinux1`` [#many]_ ,
+so all dependencies are included. Make sure you have an up-to-date pip
+and run:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+    $ pip install pynacl
+
+Faster wheel build
+------------------
+
+You can define the environment variable ``LIBSODIUM_MAKE_ARGS`` to pass arguments to ``make``
+and enable `parallelization`_:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+    $ LIBSODIUM_MAKE_ARGS=-j4 pip install pynacl
+
+Linux source build
+------------------
+
+PyNaCl relies on `libsodium`_, a portable C library. A copy is bundled
+with PyNaCl so to install you can run:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+    $ pip install pynacl
+
+If you'd prefer to use the version of ``libsodium`` provided by your
+distribution, you can disable the bundled copy during install by running:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+    $ SODIUM_INSTALL=system pip install pynacl
+
+.. warning:: Usage of the legacy ``easy_install`` command provided by setuptools
+   is generally discouraged, and is completely unsupported in PyNaCl's case.
+
+.. _parallelization: https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Parallel.html
+
+.. _libsodium: https://github.com/jedisct1/libsodium
+
+.. [#many] `manylinux1 wheels <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0513/>`_
+    are built on a baseline linux environment based on Centos 5.11
+    and should work on most x86 and x86_64 glibc based linux environments.
+
+Changelog
+=========
+
+1.5.0 (2022-01-07)
+------------------
+
+* **BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE:** Removed support for Python 2.7 and Python 3.5.
+* **BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE:** We no longer distribute ``manylinux1``
+  wheels.
+* Added ``manylinux2014``, ``manylinux_2_24``, ``musllinux``, and macOS
+  ``universal2`` wheels (the latter supports macOS ``arm64``).
+* Update ``libsodium`` to 1.0.18-stable (July 25, 2021 release).
+* Add inline type hints.
+
+1.4.0 (2020-05-25)
+------------------
+
+* Update ``libsodium`` to 1.0.18.
+* **BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE:** We no longer distribute 32-bit ``manylinux1``
+  wheels. Continuing to produce them was a maintenance burden.
+* Added support for Python 3.8, and removed support for Python 3.4.
+* Add low level bindings for extracting the seed and the public key
+  from crypto_sign_ed25519 secret key
+* Add low level bindings for deterministic random generation.
+* Add ``wheel`` and ``setuptools`` setup_requirements in ``setup.py`` (#485)
+* Fix checks on very slow builders (#481, #495)
+* Add low-level bindings to ed25519 arithmetic functions
+* Update low-level blake2b state implementation
+* Fix wrong short-input behavior of SealedBox.decrypt() (#517)
+* Raise CryptPrefixError exception instead of InvalidkeyError when trying
+  to check a password against a verifier stored in a unknown format (#519)
+* Add support for minimal builds of libsodium. Trying to call functions
+  not available in a minimal build will raise an UnavailableError
+  exception. To compile a minimal build of the bundled libsodium, set
+  the SODIUM_INSTALL_MINIMAL environment variable to any non-empty
+  string (e.g. ``SODIUM_INSTALL_MINIMAL=1``) for setup.
+
+1.3.0 2018-09-26
+----------------
+
+* Added support for Python 3.7.
+* Update ``libsodium`` to 1.0.16.
+* Run and test all code examples in PyNaCl docs through sphinx's
+  doctest builder.
+* Add low-level bindings for chacha20-poly1305 AEAD constructions.
+* Add low-level bindings for the chacha20-poly1305 secretstream constructions.
+* Add low-level bindings for ed25519ph pre-hashed signing construction.
+* Add low-level bindings for constant-time increment and addition
+  on fixed-precision big integers represented as little-endian
+  byte sequences.
+* Add low-level bindings for the ISO/IEC 7816-4 compatible padding API.
+* Add low-level bindings for libsodium's crypto_kx... key exchange
+  construction.
+* Set hypothesis deadline to None in tests/test_pwhash.py to avoid
+  incorrect test failures on slower processor architectures.  GitHub
+  issue #370
+
+1.2.1 - 2017-12-04
+------------------
+
+* Update hypothesis minimum allowed version.
+* Infrastructure: add proper configuration for readthedocs builder
+  runtime environment.
+
+1.2.0 - 2017-11-01
+------------------
+
+* Update ``libsodium`` to 1.0.15.
+* Infrastructure: add jenkins support for automatic build of
+  ``manylinux1`` binary wheels
+* Added support for ``SealedBox`` construction.
+* Added support for ``argon2i`` and ``argon2id`` password hashing constructs
+  and restructured high-level password hashing implementation to expose
+  the same interface for all hashers.
+* Added support for 128 bit ``siphashx24`` variant of ``siphash24``.
+* Added support for ``from_seed`` APIs for X25519 keypair generation.
+* Dropped support for Python 3.3.
+
+1.1.2 - 2017-03-31
+------------------
+
+* reorder link time library search path when using bundled
+  libsodium
+
+1.1.1 - 2017-03-15
+------------------
+
+* Fixed a circular import bug in ``nacl.utils``.
+
+1.1.0 - 2017-03-14
+------------------
+
+* Dropped support for Python 2.6.
+* Added ``shared_key()`` method on ``Box``.
+* You can now pass ``None`` to ``nonce`` when encrypting with ``Box`` or
+  ``SecretBox`` and it will automatically generate a random nonce.
+* Added support for ``siphash24``.
+* Added support for ``blake2b``.
+* Added support for ``scrypt``.
+* Update ``libsodium`` to 1.0.11.
+* Default to the bundled ``libsodium`` when compiling.
+* All raised exceptions are defined mixing-in
+  ``nacl.exceptions.CryptoError``
+
+1.0.1 - 2016-01-24
+------------------
+
+* Fix an issue with absolute paths that prevented the creation of wheels.
+
+1.0 - 2016-01-23
+----------------
+
+* PyNaCl has been ported to use the new APIs available in cffi 1.0+.
+  Due to this change we no longer support PyPy releases older than 2.6.
+* Python 3.2 support has been dropped.
+* Functions to convert between Ed25519 and Curve25519 keys have been added.
+
+0.3.0 - 2015-03-04
+------------------
+
+* The low-level API (`nacl.c.*`) has been changed to match the
+  upstream NaCl C/C++ conventions (as well as those of other NaCl bindings).
+  The order of arguments and return values has changed significantly. To
+  avoid silent failures, `nacl.c` has been removed, and replaced with
+  `nacl.bindings` (with the new argument ordering). If you have code which
+  calls these functions (e.g. `nacl.c.crypto_box_keypair()`), you must review
+  the new docstrings and update your code/imports to match the new
+  conventions.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23bfe7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=0xdK1j5yHUydzLitQyCEiZLTFDabxGMZcgtYAskVP-k,9694
+PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=U9PLLkcKk_YC_Tl5OSoMiAmblalKU9qFsRtxiwa-TiM,8656
+PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=4Pc_qD0VhjiuSiOgv99UcgTmp8ljuSMnWHBjm4-tsjo,114
+PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=wfdEOI_G2RIzmzsMyhpqP17HUh6Jcqi99to9aHLEslo,13
+nacl/__init__.py,sha256=0IUunzBT8_Jn0DUdHacBExOYeAEMggo8slkfjo7O0XM,1116
+nacl/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/__pycache__/encoding.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/__pycache__/exceptions.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/__pycache__/hash.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/__pycache__/hashlib.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/__pycache__/public.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/__pycache__/secret.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/__pycache__/signing.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/__pycache__/utils.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/_sodium.abi3.so,sha256=eZC39TLe_Z_mLp_OdkxMWrxMsYw6NyDy9voJ2pMwbo0,1021039
+nacl/bindings/__init__.py,sha256=BDlStrds2EuUS4swOL4pnf92PWVS_CHRCptX3KhEX-s,16997
+nacl/bindings/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/bindings/__pycache__/crypto_aead.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/bindings/__pycache__/crypto_box.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/bindings/__pycache__/crypto_core.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/bindings/__pycache__/crypto_generichash.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/bindings/__pycache__/crypto_hash.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/bindings/__pycache__/crypto_kx.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/bindings/__pycache__/crypto_pwhash.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/bindings/__pycache__/crypto_scalarmult.cpython-39.pyc,,
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+nacl/bindings/crypto_aead.py,sha256=BIw1k_JCfr5ylZk0RF5rCFIM1fhfLkEa-aiWkrfffNE,15597
+nacl/bindings/crypto_box.py,sha256=Ox0NG2t4MsGhBAa7Kgah4o0gc99ULMsqkdX56ofOouY,10139
+nacl/bindings/crypto_core.py,sha256=6u9G3y7H-QrawO785UkFFFtwDoCkeHE63GOUl9p5-eA,13736
+nacl/bindings/crypto_generichash.py,sha256=9mX0DGIIzicr-uXrqFM1nU4tirasbixDwbcdfV7W1fc,8852
+nacl/bindings/crypto_hash.py,sha256=Rg1rsEwE3azhsQT-dNVPA4NB9VogJAKn1EfxYt0pPe0,2175
+nacl/bindings/crypto_kx.py,sha256=oZNVlNgROpHOa1XQ_uZe0tqIkdfuApeJlRnwR23_74k,6723
+nacl/bindings/crypto_pwhash.py,sha256=laVDo4xFUuGyEjtZAU510AklBF6ablBy7Z3HN1WDYjY,18848
+nacl/bindings/crypto_scalarmult.py,sha256=_DX-mst2uCnzjo6fP5HRTnhv1BC95B9gmJc3L_or16g,8244
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+nacl/bindings/crypto_secretstream.py,sha256=G0FgZS01qA5RzWzm5Bdms8Yy_lvgdZDoUYYBActPmvQ,11165
+nacl/bindings/crypto_shorthash.py,sha256=PQU7djHTLDGdVs-w_TsivjFHHp5EK5k2Yh6p-6z0T60,2603
+nacl/bindings/crypto_sign.py,sha256=53j2im9E4F79qT_2U8IfCAc3lzg0VMwEjvAPEUccVDg,10342
+nacl/bindings/randombytes.py,sha256=uBK3W4WcjgnjZdWanrX0fjYZpr9KHbBgNMl9rui-Ojc,1563
+nacl/bindings/sodium_core.py,sha256=9Y9CX--sq-TaPaQRPRpx8SWDSS9PJOja_Cqb-yqyJNQ,1039
+nacl/bindings/utils.py,sha256=KDwQnadXeNMbqEA1SmpNyCVo5k8MiUQa07QM66VzfXM,4298
+nacl/encoding.py,sha256=qTAPc2MXSkdh4cqDVY0ra6kHyViHMCmEo_re7cgGk5w,2915
+nacl/exceptions.py,sha256=GZH32aJtZgqCO4uz0LRsev8z0WyvAYuV3YVqT9AAQq4,2451
+nacl/hash.py,sha256=EYBOe6UVc9SUQINEmyuRSa1QGRSvdwdrBzTL1tdFLU8,6392
+nacl/hashlib.py,sha256=L5Fv75St8AMPvb-GhA4YqX5p1mC_Sb4HhC1NxNQMpJA,4400
+nacl/public.py,sha256=RVGCWQRjIJOmW-8sNrVLtsDjMMGx30i6UyfViGCnQNA,14792
+nacl/pwhash/__init__.py,sha256=XSDXd7wQHNLEHl0mkHfVb5lFQsp6ygHkhen718h0BSM,2675
+nacl/pwhash/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/pwhash/__pycache__/_argon2.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/pwhash/__pycache__/argon2i.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/pwhash/__pycache__/argon2id.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/pwhash/__pycache__/scrypt.cpython-39.pyc,,
+nacl/pwhash/_argon2.py,sha256=jL1ChR9biwYh3RSuc-LJ2-W4DlVLHpir-XHGX8cpeJQ,1779
+nacl/pwhash/argon2i.py,sha256=IIvIuO9siKUu5-Wpz0SGiltLQv7Du_mi9BUE8INRK_4,4405
+nacl/pwhash/argon2id.py,sha256=H22i8O4j9Ws4L3JsXl9TRcJzDcyaVumhQRPzINAgJWM,4433
+nacl/pwhash/scrypt.py,sha256=fMr3Qht1a1EY8aebNNntfLRjinIPXtKYKKrrBhY5LDc,6986
+nacl/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+nacl/secret.py,sha256=kauBNuP-0rb3TjU2EMBMu5Vnmzjnscp1bRqMspy5LzU,12108
+nacl/signing.py,sha256=kbTEUyHLUMaNLv1nCjxzGxCs82Qs5w8gxE_CnEwPuIU,8337
+nacl/utils.py,sha256=gmlTD1x9ZNwzHd8LpALH1CHud-Htv8ejRb3y7TyS9f0,2341
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b254a18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: false
+Tag: cp36-abi3-macosx_10_10_universal2
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f52507f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PyNaCl-1.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+_sodium
+nacl
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_cffi_backend.cpython-39-darwin.so b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_cffi_backend.cpython-39-darwin.so
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..14dfdcc
Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_cffi_backend.cpython-39-darwin.so differ
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_distutils_hack/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_distutils_hack/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab462f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_distutils_hack/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+# don't import any costly modules
+import sys
+import os
+
+
+is_pypy = '__pypy__' in sys.builtin_module_names
+
+
+def warn_distutils_present():
+    if 'distutils' not in sys.modules:
+        return
+    if is_pypy and sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+        # PyPy for 3.6 unconditionally imports distutils, so bypass the warning
+        # https://foss.heptapod.net/pypy/pypy/-/blob/be829135bc0d758997b3566062999ee8b23872b4/lib-python/3/site.py#L250
+        return
+    import warnings
+    warnings.warn(
+        "Distutils was imported before Setuptools, but importing Setuptools "
+        "also replaces the `distutils` module in `sys.modules`. This may lead "
+        "to undesirable behaviors or errors. To avoid these issues, avoid "
+        "using distutils directly, ensure that setuptools is installed in the "
+        "traditional way (e.g. not an editable install), and/or make sure "
+        "that setuptools is always imported before distutils.")
+
+
+def clear_distutils():
+    if 'distutils' not in sys.modules:
+        return
+    import warnings
+    warnings.warn("Setuptools is replacing distutils.")
+    mods = [
+        name for name in sys.modules
+        if name == "distutils" or name.startswith("distutils.")
+    ]
+    for name in mods:
+        del sys.modules[name]
+
+
+def enabled():
+    """
+    Allow selection of distutils by environment variable.
+    """
+    which = os.environ.get('SETUPTOOLS_USE_DISTUTILS', 'local')
+    return which == 'local'
+
+
+def ensure_local_distutils():
+    import importlib
+    clear_distutils()
+
+    # With the DistutilsMetaFinder in place,
+    # perform an import to cause distutils to be
+    # loaded from setuptools._distutils. Ref #2906.
+    with shim():
+        importlib.import_module('distutils')
+
+    # check that submodules load as expected
+    core = importlib.import_module('distutils.core')
+    assert '_distutils' in core.__file__, core.__file__
+
+
+def do_override():
+    """
+    Ensure that the local copy of distutils is preferred over stdlib.
+
+    See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/417#issuecomment-392298401
+    for more motivation.
+    """
+    if enabled():
+        warn_distutils_present()
+        ensure_local_distutils()
+
+
+class _TrivialRe:
+    def __init__(self, *patterns):
+        self._patterns = patterns
+
+    def match(self, string):
+        return all(pat in string for pat in self._patterns)
+
+
+class DistutilsMetaFinder:
+    def find_spec(self, fullname, path, target=None):
+        if path is not None:
+            return
+
+        method_name = 'spec_for_{fullname}'.format(**locals())
+        method = getattr(self, method_name, lambda: None)
+        return method()
+
+    def spec_for_distutils(self):
+        import importlib
+        import importlib.abc
+        import importlib.util
+        import warnings
+
+        # warnings.filterwarnings() imports the re module
+        warnings._add_filter(
+            'ignore',
+            _TrivialRe("distutils", "deprecated"),
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            None,
+            0,
+            append=True
+        )
+
+        try:
+            mod = importlib.import_module('setuptools._distutils')
+        except Exception:
+            # There are a couple of cases where setuptools._distutils
+            # may not be present:
+            # - An older Setuptools without a local distutils is
+            #   taking precedence. Ref #2957.
+            # - Path manipulation during sitecustomize removes
+            #   setuptools from the path but only after the hook
+            #   has been loaded. Ref #2980.
+            # In either case, fall back to stdlib behavior.
+            return
+
+        class DistutilsLoader(importlib.abc.Loader):
+
+            def create_module(self, spec):
+                return mod
+
+            def exec_module(self, module):
+                pass
+
+        return importlib.util.spec_from_loader(
+            'distutils', DistutilsLoader(), origin=mod.__file__
+        )
+
+    def spec_for_pip(self):
+        """
+        Ensure stdlib distutils when running under pip.
+        See pypa/pip#8761 for rationale.
+        """
+        if self.pip_imported_during_build():
+            return
+        if self.is_get_pip():
+            return
+        clear_distutils()
+        self.spec_for_distutils = lambda: None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pip_imported_during_build(cls):
+        """
+        Detect if pip is being imported in a build script. Ref #2355.
+        """
+        import traceback
+        return any(
+            cls.frame_file_is_setup(frame)
+            for frame, line in traceback.walk_stack(None)
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_get_pip(cls):
+        """
+        Detect if get-pip is being invoked. Ref #2993.
+        """
+        try:
+            import __main__
+            return os.path.basename(__main__.__file__) == 'get-pip.py'
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def frame_file_is_setup(frame):
+        """
+        Return True if the indicated frame suggests a setup.py file.
+        """
+        # some frames may not have __file__ (#2940)
+        return frame.f_globals.get('__file__', '').endswith('setup.py')
+
+
+DISTUTILS_FINDER = DistutilsMetaFinder()
+
+
+def add_shim():
+    DISTUTILS_FINDER in sys.meta_path or insert_shim()
+
+
+class shim:
+    def __enter__(self):
+        insert_shim()
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc, value, tb):
+        remove_shim()
+
+
+def insert_shim():
+    sys.meta_path.insert(0, DISTUTILS_FINDER)
+
+
+def remove_shim():
+    try:
+        sys.meta_path.remove(DISTUTILS_FINDER)
+    except ValueError:
+        pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_distutils_hack/override.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_distutils_hack/override.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cc433a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_distutils_hack/override.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+__import__('_distutils_hack').do_override()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_pyrsistent_version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_pyrsistent_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5877c8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/_pyrsistent_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+__version__ = '0.18.1'
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..104eebf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2018 Alex Grönholm
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24d611d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: anyio
+Version: 3.5.0
+Summary: High level compatibility layer for multiple asynchronous event loop implementations
+Home-page: UNKNOWN
+Author: Alex Grönholm
+Author-email: alex.gronholm@nextday.fi
+License: MIT
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://anyio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+Project-URL: Source code, https://github.com/agronholm/anyio
+Project-URL: Issue tracker, https://github.com/agronholm/anyio/issues
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Framework :: AnyIO
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Requires-Python: >=3.6.2
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: idna (>=2.8)
+Requires-Dist: sniffio (>=1.1)
+Requires-Dist: contextvars ; python_version < "3.7"
+Requires-Dist: dataclasses ; python_version < "3.7"
+Requires-Dist: typing-extensions ; python_version < "3.8"
+Provides-Extra: doc
+Requires-Dist: packaging ; extra == 'doc'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx-rtd-theme ; extra == 'doc'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx-autodoc-typehints (>=1.2.0) ; extra == 'doc'
+Provides-Extra: test
+Requires-Dist: coverage[toml] (>=4.5) ; extra == 'test'
+Requires-Dist: hypothesis (>=4.0) ; extra == 'test'
+Requires-Dist: pytest (>=6.0) ; extra == 'test'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-mock (>=3.6.1) ; extra == 'test'
+Requires-Dist: trustme ; extra == 'test'
+Requires-Dist: contextlib2 ; (python_version < "3.7") and extra == 'test'
+Requires-Dist: uvloop (<0.15) ; (python_version < "3.7" and (platform_python_implementation == "CPython" and platform_system != "Windows")) and extra == 'test'
+Requires-Dist: mock (>=4) ; (python_version < "3.8") and extra == 'test'
+Requires-Dist: uvloop (>=0.15) ; (python_version >= "3.7" and (platform_python_implementation == "CPython" and platform_system != "Windows")) and extra == 'test'
+Provides-Extra: trio
+Requires-Dist: trio (>=0.16) ; extra == 'trio'
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/agronholm/anyio/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg
+  :target: https://github.com/agronholm/anyio/actions/workflows/test.yml
+  :alt: Build Status
+.. image:: https://coveralls.io/repos/github/agronholm/anyio/badge.svg?branch=master
+  :target: https://coveralls.io/github/agronholm/anyio?branch=master
+  :alt: Code Coverage
+.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/anyio/badge/?version=latest
+  :target: https://anyio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
+  :alt: Documentation
+.. image:: https://badges.gitter.im/gitterHQ/gitter.svg
+  :target: https://gitter.im/python-trio/AnyIO
+  :alt: Gitter chat
+
+AnyIO is an asynchronous networking and concurrency library that works on top of either asyncio_ or
+trio_. It implements trio-like `structured concurrency`_ (SC) on top of asyncio, and works in harmony
+with the native SC of trio itself.
+
+Applications and libraries written against AnyIO's API will run unmodified on either asyncio_ or
+trio_. AnyIO can also be adopted into a library or application incrementally – bit by bit, no full
+refactoring necessary. It will blend in with native libraries of your chosen backend.
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+
+View full documentation at: https://anyio.readthedocs.io/
+
+Features
+--------
+
+AnyIO offers the following functionality:
+
+* Task groups (nurseries_ in trio terminology)
+* High level networking (TCP, UDP and UNIX sockets)
+
+  * `Happy eyeballs`_ algorithm for TCP connections (more robust than that of asyncio on Python
+    3.8)
+  * async/await style UDP sockets (unlike asyncio where you still have to use Transports and
+    Protocols)
+
+* A versatile API for byte streams and object streams
+* Inter-task synchronization and communication (locks, conditions, events, semaphores, object
+  streams)
+* Worker threads
+* Subprocesses
+* Asynchronous file I/O (using worker threads)
+* Signal handling
+
+AnyIO also comes with its own pytest_ plugin which also supports asynchronous fixtures.
+It even works with the popular Hypothesis_ library.
+
+.. _asyncio: https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio.html
+.. _trio: https://github.com/python-trio/trio
+.. _structured concurrency: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_concurrency
+.. _nurseries: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-core.html#nurseries-and-spawning
+.. _Happy eyeballs: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy_Eyeballs
+.. _pytest: https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/
+.. _Hypothesis: https://hypothesis.works/
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79d8b4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
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+anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=U2GsncWPLvX9LpsJxoKXwX8ElQkJu8gCO9uC6s8iwrA,1081
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+anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=QglSMiWX8_5dpoVAEIHdEYzvqFMdSYWmCj6tYw2ITkQ,6
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+anyio/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+anyio/pytest_plugin.py,sha256=bguloPM9UfdxIGlteWnctgT2PXbs1zFRdZ_JHtIGSJc,5544
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+anyio/streams/file.py,sha256=HT-u90tt-zNwlRlZhKSpFhKrWEKd4QkLPR4ySF9FfUs,4345
+anyio/streams/memory.py,sha256=4qzW3_N69w-AdixRZOkCemF6veRBcV6-2IRjL63BXA8,9161
+anyio/streams/stapled.py,sha256=euIt3fnuvs3rE7Xn5QsDYhebP5neXAoyCVcAPcM6vpE,4168
+anyio/streams/text.py,sha256=iTrT7auMl2SGvFxGf-UA0DJAdTx2ZOW663q1ucMihzs,4966
+anyio/streams/tls.py,sha256=_DSW8p4l8xh5DR4tCi_8QS83wptgMcHJ_JSzPXdNPLE,11778
+anyio/to_process.py,sha256=tXGfHyGokeVERftxEU5AvygQS8OoOdPIFXTs8a_5lRw,9020
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..becc9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1740df0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[pytest11]
+anyio = anyio.pytest_plugin
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c77c069
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio-3.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+anyio
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..974e8c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+__all__ = (
+    'maybe_async',
+    'maybe_async_cm',
+    'run',
+    'sleep',
+    'sleep_forever',
+    'sleep_until',
+    'current_time',
+    'get_all_backends',
+    'get_cancelled_exc_class',
+    'BrokenResourceError',
+    'BrokenWorkerProcess',
+    'BusyResourceError',
+    'ClosedResourceError',
+    'DelimiterNotFound',
+    'EndOfStream',
+    'ExceptionGroup',
+    'IncompleteRead',
+    'TypedAttributeLookupError',
+    'WouldBlock',
+    'AsyncFile',
+    'Path',
+    'open_file',
+    'wrap_file',
+    'aclose_forcefully',
+    'open_signal_receiver',
+    'connect_tcp',
+    'connect_unix',
+    'create_tcp_listener',
+    'create_unix_listener',
+    'create_udp_socket',
+    'create_connected_udp_socket',
+    'getaddrinfo',
+    'getnameinfo',
+    'wait_socket_readable',
+    'wait_socket_writable',
+    'create_memory_object_stream',
+    'run_process',
+    'open_process',
+    'create_lock',
+    'CapacityLimiter',
+    'CapacityLimiterStatistics',
+    'Condition',
+    'ConditionStatistics',
+    'Event',
+    'EventStatistics',
+    'Lock',
+    'LockStatistics',
+    'Semaphore',
+    'SemaphoreStatistics',
+    'create_condition',
+    'create_event',
+    'create_semaphore',
+    'create_capacity_limiter',
+    'open_cancel_scope',
+    'fail_after',
+    'move_on_after',
+    'current_effective_deadline',
+    'TASK_STATUS_IGNORED',
+    'CancelScope',
+    'create_task_group',
+    'TaskInfo',
+    'get_current_task',
+    'get_running_tasks',
+    'wait_all_tasks_blocked',
+    'run_sync_in_worker_thread',
+    'run_async_from_thread',
+    'run_sync_from_thread',
+    'current_default_worker_thread_limiter',
+    'create_blocking_portal',
+    'start_blocking_portal',
+    'typed_attribute',
+    'TypedAttributeSet',
+    'TypedAttributeProvider'
+)
+
+from typing import Any
+
+from ._core._compat import maybe_async, maybe_async_cm
+from ._core._eventloop import (
+    current_time, get_all_backends, get_cancelled_exc_class, run, sleep, sleep_forever,
+    sleep_until)
+from ._core._exceptions import (
+    BrokenResourceError, BrokenWorkerProcess, BusyResourceError, ClosedResourceError,
+    DelimiterNotFound, EndOfStream, ExceptionGroup, IncompleteRead, TypedAttributeLookupError,
+    WouldBlock)
+from ._core._fileio import AsyncFile, Path, open_file, wrap_file
+from ._core._resources import aclose_forcefully
+from ._core._signals import open_signal_receiver
+from ._core._sockets import (
+    connect_tcp, connect_unix, create_connected_udp_socket, create_tcp_listener, create_udp_socket,
+    create_unix_listener, getaddrinfo, getnameinfo, wait_socket_readable, wait_socket_writable)
+from ._core._streams import create_memory_object_stream
+from ._core._subprocesses import open_process, run_process
+from ._core._synchronization import (
+    CapacityLimiter, CapacityLimiterStatistics, Condition, ConditionStatistics, Event,
+    EventStatistics, Lock, LockStatistics, Semaphore, SemaphoreStatistics, create_capacity_limiter,
+    create_condition, create_event, create_lock, create_semaphore)
+from ._core._tasks import (
+    TASK_STATUS_IGNORED, CancelScope, create_task_group, current_effective_deadline, fail_after,
+    move_on_after, open_cancel_scope)
+from ._core._testing import TaskInfo, get_current_task, get_running_tasks, wait_all_tasks_blocked
+from ._core._typedattr import TypedAttributeProvider, TypedAttributeSet, typed_attribute
+
+# Re-exported here, for backwards compatibility
+# isort: off
+from .to_thread import current_default_worker_thread_limiter, run_sync_in_worker_thread
+from .from_thread import (
+    create_blocking_portal, run_async_from_thread, run_sync_from_thread, start_blocking_portal)
+
+# Re-export imports so they look like they live directly in this package
+key: str
+value: Any
+for key, value in list(locals().items()):
+    if getattr(value, '__module__', '').startswith('anyio.'):
+        value.__module__ = __name__
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_backends/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_backends/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2929b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1924 @@
+import array
+import asyncio
+import concurrent.futures
+import math
+import socket
+import sys
+from asyncio.base_events import _run_until_complete_cb  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+from collections import OrderedDict, deque
+from concurrent.futures import Future
+from contextvars import Context, copy_context
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from functools import partial, wraps
+from inspect import (
+    CORO_RUNNING, CORO_SUSPENDED, GEN_RUNNING, GEN_SUSPENDED, getcoroutinestate, getgeneratorstate)
+from io import IOBase
+from os import PathLike
+from queue import Queue
+from socket import AddressFamily, SocketKind
+from threading import Thread
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    Any, Awaitable, Callable, Collection, Coroutine, Deque, Dict, Generator, Iterable, List,
+    Mapping, Optional, Sequence, Set, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, Union, cast)
+from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary
+
+import sniffio
+
+from .. import CapacityLimiterStatistics, EventStatistics, TaskInfo, abc
+from .._core._compat import DeprecatedAsyncContextManager, DeprecatedAwaitable
+from .._core._eventloop import claim_worker_thread, threadlocals
+from .._core._exceptions import (
+    BrokenResourceError, BusyResourceError, ClosedResourceError, EndOfStream)
+from .._core._exceptions import ExceptionGroup as BaseExceptionGroup
+from .._core._exceptions import WouldBlock
+from .._core._sockets import GetAddrInfoReturnType, convert_ipv6_sockaddr
+from .._core._synchronization import CapacityLimiter as BaseCapacityLimiter
+from .._core._synchronization import Event as BaseEvent
+from .._core._synchronization import ResourceGuard
+from .._core._tasks import CancelScope as BaseCancelScope
+from ..abc import IPSockAddrType, UDPPacketType
+from ..lowlevel import RunVar
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    get_coro = asyncio.Task.get_coro
+else:
+    def get_coro(task: asyncio.Task) -> Union[Generator, Awaitable[Any]]:
+        return task._coro
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):
+    from asyncio import all_tasks, create_task, current_task, get_running_loop
+    from asyncio import run as native_run
+
+    def _get_task_callbacks(task: asyncio.Task) -> Iterable[Callable]:
+        return [cb for cb, context in task._callbacks]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+else:
+    _T = TypeVar('_T')
+
+    def _get_task_callbacks(task: asyncio.Task) -> Iterable[Callable]:
+        return task._callbacks
+
+    def native_run(main, *, debug=False):
+        # Snatched from Python 3.7
+        from asyncio import coroutines, events, tasks
+
+        def _cancel_all_tasks(loop):
+            to_cancel = all_tasks(loop)
+            if not to_cancel:
+                return
+
+            for task in to_cancel:
+                task.cancel()
+
+            loop.run_until_complete(
+                tasks.gather(*to_cancel, loop=loop, return_exceptions=True))
+
+            for task in to_cancel:
+                if task.cancelled():
+                    continue
+                if task.exception() is not None:
+                    loop.call_exception_handler({
+                        'message': 'unhandled exception during asyncio.run() shutdown',
+                        'exception': task.exception(),
+                        'task': task,
+                    })
+
+        if events._get_running_loop() is not None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "asyncio.run() cannot be called from a running event loop")
+
+        if not coroutines.iscoroutine(main):
+            raise ValueError(f"a coroutine was expected, got {main!r}")
+
+        loop = events.new_event_loop()
+        try:
+            events.set_event_loop(loop)
+            loop.set_debug(debug)
+            return loop.run_until_complete(main)
+        finally:
+            try:
+                _cancel_all_tasks(loop)
+                loop.run_until_complete(loop.shutdown_asyncgens())
+            finally:
+                events.set_event_loop(None)
+                loop.close()
+
+    def create_task(coro: Union[Generator[Any, None, _T], Awaitable[_T]], *,
+                    name: object = None) -> asyncio.Task:
+        return get_running_loop().create_task(coro)
+
+    def get_running_loop() -> asyncio.AbstractEventLoop:
+        loop = asyncio._get_running_loop()
+        if loop is not None:
+            return loop
+        else:
+            raise RuntimeError('no running event loop')
+
+    def all_tasks(loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = None) -> Set[asyncio.Task]:
+        """Return a set of all tasks for the loop."""
+        from asyncio import Task
+
+        if loop is None:
+            loop = get_running_loop()
+
+        return {t for t in Task.all_tasks(loop) if not t.done()}
+
+    def current_task(loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = None) -> Optional[asyncio.Task]:
+        if loop is None:
+            loop = get_running_loop()
+
+        return asyncio.Task.current_task(loop)
+
+T_Retval = TypeVar('T_Retval')
+
+# Check whether there is native support for task names in asyncio (3.8+)
+_native_task_names = hasattr(asyncio.Task, 'get_name')
+
+
+_root_task: RunVar[Optional[asyncio.Task]] = RunVar('_root_task')
+
+
+def find_root_task() -> asyncio.Task:
+    root_task = _root_task.get(None)
+    if root_task is not None and not root_task.done():
+        return root_task
+
+    # Look for a task that has been started via run_until_complete()
+    for task in all_tasks():
+        if task._callbacks and not task.done():
+            for cb in _get_task_callbacks(task):
+                if (cb is _run_until_complete_cb
+                        or getattr(cb, '__module__', None) == 'uvloop.loop'):
+                    _root_task.set(task)
+                    return task
+
+    # Look up the topmost task in the AnyIO task tree, if possible
+    task = cast(asyncio.Task, current_task())
+    state = _task_states.get(task)
+    if state:
+        cancel_scope = state.cancel_scope
+        while cancel_scope and cancel_scope._parent_scope is not None:
+            cancel_scope = cancel_scope._parent_scope
+
+        if cancel_scope is not None:
+            return cast(asyncio.Task, cancel_scope._host_task)
+
+    return task
+
+
+def get_callable_name(func: Callable) -> str:
+    module = getattr(func, '__module__', None)
+    qualname = getattr(func, '__qualname__', None)
+    return '.'.join([x for x in (module, qualname) if x])
+
+
+#
+# Event loop
+#
+
+_run_vars = WeakKeyDictionary()  # type: WeakKeyDictionary[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop, Any]
+
+current_token = get_running_loop
+
+
+def _task_started(task: asyncio.Task) -> bool:
+    """Return ``True`` if the task has been started and has not finished."""
+    coro = get_coro(task)
+    try:
+        return getcoroutinestate(coro) in (CORO_RUNNING, CORO_SUSPENDED)
+    except AttributeError:
+        try:
+            return getgeneratorstate(cast(Generator, coro)) in (GEN_RUNNING, GEN_SUSPENDED)
+        except AttributeError:
+            # task coro is async_genenerator_asend https://bugs.python.org/issue37771
+            raise Exception(f"Cannot determine if task {task} has started or not")
+
+
+def _maybe_set_event_loop_policy(policy: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy],
+                                 use_uvloop: bool) -> None:
+    # On CPython, use uvloop when possible if no other policy has been given and if not
+    # explicitly disabled
+    if policy is None and use_uvloop and sys.implementation.name == 'cpython':
+        try:
+            import uvloop
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            # Test for missing shutdown_default_executor() (uvloop 0.14.0 and earlier)
+            if (not hasattr(asyncio.AbstractEventLoop, 'shutdown_default_executor')
+                    or hasattr(uvloop.loop.Loop, 'shutdown_default_executor')):
+                policy = uvloop.EventLoopPolicy()
+
+    if policy is not None:
+        asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(policy)
+
+
+def run(func: Callable[..., Awaitable[T_Retval]], *args: object,
+        debug: bool = False, use_uvloop: bool = False,
+        policy: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy] = None) -> T_Retval:
+    @wraps(func)
+    async def wrapper() -> T_Retval:
+        task = cast(asyncio.Task, current_task())
+        task_state = TaskState(None, get_callable_name(func), None)
+        _task_states[task] = task_state
+        if _native_task_names:
+            task.set_name(task_state.name)
+
+        try:
+            return await func(*args)
+        finally:
+            del _task_states[task]
+
+    _maybe_set_event_loop_policy(policy, use_uvloop)
+    return native_run(wrapper(), debug=debug)
+
+
+#
+# Miscellaneous
+#
+
+sleep = asyncio.sleep
+
+
+#
+# Timeouts and cancellation
+#
+
+CancelledError = asyncio.CancelledError
+
+
+class CancelScope(BaseCancelScope):
+    def __new__(cls, *, deadline: float = math.inf, shield: bool = False) -> "CancelScope":
+        return object.__new__(cls)
+
+    def __init__(self, deadline: float = math.inf, shield: bool = False):
+        self._deadline = deadline
+        self._shield = shield
+        self._parent_scope: Optional[CancelScope] = None
+        self._cancel_called = False
+        self._active = False
+        self._timeout_handle: Optional[asyncio.TimerHandle] = None
+        self._cancel_handle: Optional[asyncio.Handle] = None
+        self._tasks: Set[asyncio.Task] = set()
+        self._host_task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None
+        self._timeout_expired = False
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "CancelScope":
+        if self._active:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Each CancelScope may only be used for a single 'with' block"
+            )
+
+        self._host_task = host_task = cast(asyncio.Task, current_task())
+        self._tasks.add(host_task)
+        try:
+            task_state = _task_states[host_task]
+        except KeyError:
+            task_name = host_task.get_name() if _native_task_names else None
+            task_state = TaskState(None, task_name, self)
+            _task_states[host_task] = task_state
+        else:
+            self._parent_scope = task_state.cancel_scope
+            task_state.cancel_scope = self
+
+        self._timeout()
+        self._active = True
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]], exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        if not self._active:
+            raise RuntimeError('This cancel scope is not active')
+        if current_task() is not self._host_task:
+            raise RuntimeError('Attempted to exit cancel scope in a different task than it was '
+                               'entered in')
+
+        assert self._host_task is not None
+        host_task_state = _task_states.get(self._host_task)
+        if host_task_state is None or host_task_state.cancel_scope is not self:
+            raise RuntimeError("Attempted to exit a cancel scope that isn't the current tasks's "
+                               "current cancel scope")
+
+        self._active = False
+        if self._timeout_handle:
+            self._timeout_handle.cancel()
+            self._timeout_handle = None
+
+        self._tasks.remove(self._host_task)
+
+        host_task_state.cancel_scope = self._parent_scope
+
+        # Restart the cancellation effort in the farthest directly cancelled parent scope if this
+        # one was shielded
+        if self._shield:
+            self._deliver_cancellation_to_parent()
+
+        if exc_val is not None:
+            exceptions = exc_val.exceptions if isinstance(exc_val, ExceptionGroup) else [exc_val]
+            if all(isinstance(exc, CancelledError) for exc in exceptions):
+                if self._timeout_expired:
+                    return True
+                elif not self._cancel_called:
+                    # Task was cancelled natively
+                    return None
+                elif not self._parent_cancelled():
+                    # This scope was directly cancelled
+                    return True
+
+        return None
+
+    def _timeout(self) -> None:
+        if self._deadline != math.inf:
+            loop = get_running_loop()
+            if loop.time() >= self._deadline:
+                self._timeout_expired = True
+                self.cancel()
+            else:
+                self._timeout_handle = loop.call_at(self._deadline, self._timeout)
+
+    def _deliver_cancellation(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Deliver cancellation to directly contained tasks and nested cancel scopes.
+
+        Schedule another run at the end if we still have tasks eligible for cancellation.
+        """
+        should_retry = False
+        current = current_task()
+        for task in self._tasks:
+            if task._must_cancel:  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                continue
+
+            # The task is eligible for cancellation if it has started and is not in a cancel
+            # scope shielded from this one
+            cancel_scope = _task_states[task].cancel_scope
+            while cancel_scope is not self:
+                if cancel_scope is None or cancel_scope._shield:
+                    break
+                else:
+                    cancel_scope = cancel_scope._parent_scope
+            else:
+                should_retry = True
+                if task is not current and (task is self._host_task or _task_started(task)):
+                    task.cancel()
+
+        # Schedule another callback if there are still tasks left
+        if should_retry:
+            self._cancel_handle = get_running_loop().call_soon(self._deliver_cancellation)
+        else:
+            self._cancel_handle = None
+
+    def _deliver_cancellation_to_parent(self) -> None:
+        """Start cancellation effort in the farthest directly cancelled parent scope"""
+        scope = self._parent_scope
+        scope_to_cancel: Optional[CancelScope] = None
+        while scope is not None:
+            if scope._cancel_called and scope._cancel_handle is None:
+                scope_to_cancel = scope
+
+            # No point in looking beyond any shielded scope
+            if scope._shield:
+                break
+
+            scope = scope._parent_scope
+
+        if scope_to_cancel is not None:
+            scope_to_cancel._deliver_cancellation()
+
+    def _parent_cancelled(self) -> bool:
+        # Check whether any parent has been cancelled
+        cancel_scope = self._parent_scope
+        while cancel_scope is not None and not cancel_scope._shield:
+            if cancel_scope._cancel_called:
+                return True
+            else:
+                cancel_scope = cancel_scope._parent_scope
+
+        return False
+
+    def cancel(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        if not self._cancel_called:
+            if self._timeout_handle:
+                self._timeout_handle.cancel()
+                self._timeout_handle = None
+
+            self._cancel_called = True
+            self._deliver_cancellation()
+
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.cancel)
+
+    @property
+    def deadline(self) -> float:
+        return self._deadline
+
+    @deadline.setter
+    def deadline(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self._deadline = float(value)
+        if self._timeout_handle is not None:
+            self._timeout_handle.cancel()
+            self._timeout_handle = None
+
+        if self._active and not self._cancel_called:
+            self._timeout()
+
+    @property
+    def cancel_called(self) -> bool:
+        return self._cancel_called
+
+    @property
+    def shield(self) -> bool:
+        return self._shield
+
+    @shield.setter
+    def shield(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        if self._shield != value:
+            self._shield = value
+            if not value:
+                self._deliver_cancellation_to_parent()
+
+
+async def checkpoint() -> None:
+    await sleep(0)
+
+
+async def checkpoint_if_cancelled() -> None:
+    task = current_task()
+    if task is None:
+        return
+
+    try:
+        cancel_scope = _task_states[task].cancel_scope
+    except KeyError:
+        return
+
+    while cancel_scope:
+        if cancel_scope.cancel_called:
+            await sleep(0)
+        elif cancel_scope.shield:
+            break
+        else:
+            cancel_scope = cancel_scope._parent_scope
+
+
+async def cancel_shielded_checkpoint() -> None:
+    with CancelScope(shield=True):
+        await sleep(0)
+
+
+def current_effective_deadline() -> float:
+    try:
+        cancel_scope = _task_states[current_task()].cancel_scope  # type: ignore[index]
+    except KeyError:
+        return math.inf
+
+    deadline = math.inf
+    while cancel_scope:
+        deadline = min(deadline, cancel_scope.deadline)
+        if cancel_scope.shield:
+            break
+        else:
+            cancel_scope = cancel_scope._parent_scope
+
+    return deadline
+
+
+def current_time() -> float:
+    return get_running_loop().time()
+
+
+#
+# Task states
+#
+
+class TaskState:
+    """
+    Encapsulates auxiliary task information that cannot be added to the Task instance itself
+    because there are no guarantees about its implementation.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = 'parent_id', 'name', 'cancel_scope'
+
+    def __init__(self, parent_id: Optional[int], name: Optional[str],
+                 cancel_scope: Optional[CancelScope]):
+        self.parent_id = parent_id
+        self.name = name
+        self.cancel_scope = cancel_scope
+
+
+_task_states = WeakKeyDictionary()  # type: WeakKeyDictionary[asyncio.Task, TaskState]
+
+
+#
+# Task groups
+#
+
+class ExceptionGroup(BaseExceptionGroup):
+    def __init__(self, exceptions: List[BaseException]):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.exceptions = exceptions
+
+
+class _AsyncioTaskStatus(abc.TaskStatus):
+    def __init__(self, future: asyncio.Future, parent_id: int):
+        self._future = future
+        self._parent_id = parent_id
+
+    def started(self, value: object = None) -> None:
+        try:
+            self._future.set_result(value)
+        except asyncio.InvalidStateError:
+            raise RuntimeError("called 'started' twice on the same task status") from None
+
+        task = cast(asyncio.Task, current_task())
+        _task_states[task].parent_id = self._parent_id
+
+
+class TaskGroup(abc.TaskGroup):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.cancel_scope: CancelScope = CancelScope()
+        self._active = False
+        self._exceptions: List[BaseException] = []
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> "TaskGroup":
+        self.cancel_scope.__enter__()
+        self._active = True
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        ignore_exception = self.cancel_scope.__exit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
+        if exc_val is not None:
+            self.cancel_scope.cancel()
+            self._exceptions.append(exc_val)
+
+        while self.cancel_scope._tasks:
+            try:
+                await asyncio.wait(self.cancel_scope._tasks)
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                self.cancel_scope.cancel()
+
+        self._active = False
+        if not self.cancel_scope._parent_cancelled():
+            exceptions = self._filter_cancellation_errors(self._exceptions)
+        else:
+            exceptions = self._exceptions
+
+        try:
+            if len(exceptions) > 1:
+                if all(isinstance(e, CancelledError) and not e.args for e in exceptions):
+                    # Tasks were cancelled natively, without a cancellation message
+                    raise CancelledError
+                else:
+                    raise ExceptionGroup(exceptions)
+            elif exceptions and exceptions[0] is not exc_val:
+                raise exceptions[0]
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            # Clear the context here, as it can only be done in-flight.
+            # If the context is not cleared, it can result in recursive tracebacks (see #145).
+            exc.__context__ = None
+            raise
+
+        return ignore_exception
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _filter_cancellation_errors(exceptions: Sequence[BaseException]) -> List[BaseException]:
+        filtered_exceptions: List[BaseException] = []
+        for exc in exceptions:
+            if isinstance(exc, ExceptionGroup):
+                new_exceptions = TaskGroup._filter_cancellation_errors(exc.exceptions)
+                if len(new_exceptions) > 1:
+                    filtered_exceptions.append(exc)
+                elif len(new_exceptions) == 1:
+                    filtered_exceptions.append(new_exceptions[0])
+                elif new_exceptions:
+                    new_exc = ExceptionGroup(new_exceptions)
+                    new_exc.__cause__ = exc.__cause__
+                    new_exc.__context__ = exc.__context__
+                    new_exc.__traceback__ = exc.__traceback__
+                    filtered_exceptions.append(new_exc)
+            elif not isinstance(exc, CancelledError) or exc.args:
+                filtered_exceptions.append(exc)
+
+        return filtered_exceptions
+
+    async def _run_wrapped_task(
+            self, coro: Coroutine, task_status_future: Optional[asyncio.Future]) -> None:
+        # This is the code path for Python 3.6 and 3.7 on which asyncio freaks out if a task raises
+        # a BaseException.
+        __traceback_hide__ = __tracebackhide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+        task = cast(asyncio.Task, current_task())
+        try:
+            await coro
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            if task_status_future is None or task_status_future.done():
+                self._exceptions.append(exc)
+                self.cancel_scope.cancel()
+            else:
+                task_status_future.set_exception(exc)
+        else:
+            if task_status_future is not None and not task_status_future.done():
+                task_status_future.set_exception(
+                    RuntimeError('Child exited without calling task_status.started()'))
+        finally:
+            if task in self.cancel_scope._tasks:
+                self.cancel_scope._tasks.remove(task)
+                del _task_states[task]
+
+    def _spawn(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine], args: tuple, name: object,
+               task_status_future: Optional[asyncio.Future] = None) -> asyncio.Task:
+        def task_done(_task: asyncio.Task) -> None:
+            # This is the code path for Python 3.8+
+            assert _task in self.cancel_scope._tasks
+            self.cancel_scope._tasks.remove(_task)
+            del _task_states[_task]
+
+            try:
+                exc = _task.exception()
+            except CancelledError as e:
+                while isinstance(e.__context__, CancelledError):
+                    e = e.__context__
+
+                exc = e
+
+            if exc is not None:
+                if task_status_future is None or task_status_future.done():
+                    self._exceptions.append(exc)
+                    self.cancel_scope.cancel()
+                else:
+                    task_status_future.set_exception(exc)
+            elif task_status_future is not None and not task_status_future.done():
+                task_status_future.set_exception(
+                    RuntimeError('Child exited without calling task_status.started()'))
+
+        if not self._active:
+            raise RuntimeError('This task group is not active; no new tasks can be started.')
+
+        options = {}
+        name = get_callable_name(func) if name is None else str(name)
+        if _native_task_names:
+            options['name'] = name
+
+        kwargs = {}
+        if task_status_future:
+            parent_id = id(current_task())
+            kwargs['task_status'] = _AsyncioTaskStatus(task_status_future,
+                                                       id(self.cancel_scope._host_task))
+        else:
+            parent_id = id(self.cancel_scope._host_task)
+
+        coro = func(*args, **kwargs)
+        if not asyncio.iscoroutine(coro):
+            raise TypeError(f'Expected an async function, but {func} appears to be synchronous')
+
+        foreign_coro = not hasattr(coro, 'cr_frame') and not hasattr(coro, 'gi_frame')
+        if foreign_coro or sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+            coro = self._run_wrapped_task(coro, task_status_future)
+
+        task = create_task(coro, **options)
+        if not foreign_coro and sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+            task.add_done_callback(task_done)
+
+        # Make the spawned task inherit the task group's cancel scope
+        _task_states[task] = TaskState(parent_id=parent_id, name=name,
+                                       cancel_scope=self.cancel_scope)
+        self.cancel_scope._tasks.add(task)
+        return task
+
+    def start_soon(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine], *args: object,
+                   name: object = None) -> None:
+        self._spawn(func, args, name)
+
+    async def start(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine], *args: object,
+                    name: object = None) -> None:
+        future: asyncio.Future = asyncio.Future()
+        task = self._spawn(func, args, name, future)
+
+        # If the task raises an exception after sending a start value without a switch point
+        # between, the task group is cancelled and this method never proceeds to process the
+        # completed future. That's why we have to have a shielded cancel scope here.
+        with CancelScope(shield=True):
+            try:
+                return await future
+            except CancelledError:
+                task.cancel()
+                raise
+
+
+#
+# Threads
+#
+
+_Retval_Queue_Type = Tuple[Optional[T_Retval], Optional[BaseException]]
+
+
+class WorkerThread(Thread):
+    MAX_IDLE_TIME = 10  # seconds
+
+    def __init__(self, root_task: asyncio.Task, workers: Set['WorkerThread'],
+                 idle_workers: Deque['WorkerThread']):
+        super().__init__(name='AnyIO worker thread')
+        self.root_task = root_task
+        self.workers = workers
+        self.idle_workers = idle_workers
+        self.loop = root_task._loop
+        self.queue: Queue[Union[Tuple[Context, Callable, tuple, asyncio.Future], None]] = Queue(2)
+        self.idle_since = current_time()
+        self.stopping = False
+
+    def _report_result(self, future: asyncio.Future, result: Any,
+                       exc: Optional[BaseException]) -> None:
+        self.idle_since = current_time()
+        if not self.stopping:
+            self.idle_workers.append(self)
+
+        if not future.cancelled():
+            if exc is not None:
+                future.set_exception(exc)
+            else:
+                future.set_result(result)
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        with claim_worker_thread('asyncio'):
+            threadlocals.loop = self.loop
+            while True:
+                item = self.queue.get()
+                if item is None:
+                    # Shutdown command received
+                    return
+
+                context, func, args, future = item
+                if not future.cancelled():
+                    result = None
+                    exception: Optional[BaseException] = None
+                    try:
+                        result = context.run(func, *args)
+                    except BaseException as exc:
+                        exception = exc
+
+                    if not self.loop.is_closed():
+                        self.loop.call_soon_threadsafe(
+                            self._report_result, future, result, exception)
+
+                self.queue.task_done()
+
+    def stop(self, f: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None) -> None:
+        self.stopping = True
+        self.queue.put_nowait(None)
+        self.workers.discard(self)
+        try:
+            self.idle_workers.remove(self)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+
+
+_threadpool_idle_workers: RunVar[Deque[WorkerThread]] = RunVar('_threadpool_idle_workers')
+_threadpool_workers: RunVar[Set[WorkerThread]] = RunVar('_threadpool_workers')
+
+
+async def run_sync_in_worker_thread(
+        func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object, cancellable: bool = False,
+        limiter: Optional['CapacityLimiter'] = None) -> T_Retval:
+    await checkpoint()
+
+    # If this is the first run in this event loop thread, set up the necessary variables
+    try:
+        idle_workers = _threadpool_idle_workers.get()
+        workers = _threadpool_workers.get()
+    except LookupError:
+        idle_workers = deque()
+        workers = set()
+        _threadpool_idle_workers.set(idle_workers)
+        _threadpool_workers.set(workers)
+
+    async with (limiter or current_default_thread_limiter()):
+        with CancelScope(shield=not cancellable):
+            future: asyncio.Future = asyncio.Future()
+            root_task = find_root_task()
+            if not idle_workers:
+                worker = WorkerThread(root_task, workers, idle_workers)
+                worker.start()
+                workers.add(worker)
+                root_task.add_done_callback(worker.stop)
+            else:
+                worker = idle_workers.pop()
+
+                # Prune any other workers that have been idle for MAX_IDLE_TIME seconds or longer
+                now = current_time()
+                while idle_workers:
+                    if now - idle_workers[0].idle_since < WorkerThread.MAX_IDLE_TIME:
+                        break
+
+                    expired_worker = idle_workers.popleft()
+                    expired_worker.root_task.remove_done_callback(expired_worker.stop)
+                    expired_worker.stop()
+
+            context = copy_context()
+            context.run(sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.set, None)
+            worker.queue.put_nowait((context, func, args, future))
+            return await future
+
+
+def run_sync_from_thread(func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object,
+                         loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = None) -> T_Retval:
+    @wraps(func)
+    def wrapper() -> None:
+        try:
+            f.set_result(func(*args))
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            f.set_exception(exc)
+            if not isinstance(exc, Exception):
+                raise
+
+    f: concurrent.futures.Future[T_Retval] = Future()
+    loop = loop or threadlocals.loop
+    if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+        loop.call_soon_threadsafe(copy_context().run, wrapper)
+    else:
+        loop.call_soon_threadsafe(wrapper)
+
+    return f.result()
+
+
+def run_async_from_thread(
+    func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval]], *args: object
+) -> T_Retval:
+    f: concurrent.futures.Future[T_Retval] = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
+        func(*args), threadlocals.loop)
+    return f.result()
+
+
+class BlockingPortal(abc.BlockingPortal):
+    def __new__(cls) -> "BlockingPortal":
+        return object.__new__(cls)
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._loop = get_running_loop()
+
+    def _spawn_task_from_thread(self, func: Callable, args: tuple, kwargs: Dict[str, Any],
+                                name: object, future: Future) -> None:
+        run_sync_from_thread(
+            partial(self._task_group.start_soon, name=name), self._call_func, func, args, kwargs,
+            future, loop=self._loop)
+
+
+#
+# Subprocesses
+#
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class StreamReaderWrapper(abc.ByteReceiveStream):
+    _stream: asyncio.StreamReader
+
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
+        data = await self._stream.read(max_bytes)
+        if data:
+            return data
+        else:
+            raise EndOfStream
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        self._stream.feed_eof()
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class StreamWriterWrapper(abc.ByteSendStream):
+    _stream: asyncio.StreamWriter
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        self._stream.write(item)
+        await self._stream.drain()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        self._stream.close()
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class Process(abc.Process):
+    _process: asyncio.subprocess.Process
+    _stdin: Optional[StreamWriterWrapper]
+    _stdout: Optional[StreamReaderWrapper]
+    _stderr: Optional[StreamReaderWrapper]
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if self._stdin:
+            await self._stdin.aclose()
+        if self._stdout:
+            await self._stdout.aclose()
+        if self._stderr:
+            await self._stderr.aclose()
+
+        await self.wait()
+
+    async def wait(self) -> int:
+        return await self._process.wait()
+
+    def terminate(self) -> None:
+        self._process.terminate()
+
+    def kill(self) -> None:
+        self._process.kill()
+
+    def send_signal(self, signal: int) -> None:
+        self._process.send_signal(signal)
+
+    @property
+    def pid(self) -> int:
+        return self._process.pid
+
+    @property
+    def returncode(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        return self._process.returncode
+
+    @property
+    def stdin(self) -> Optional[abc.ByteSendStream]:
+        return self._stdin
+
+    @property
+    def stdout(self) -> Optional[abc.ByteReceiveStream]:
+        return self._stdout
+
+    @property
+    def stderr(self) -> Optional[abc.ByteReceiveStream]:
+        return self._stderr
+
+
+async def open_process(command: Union[str, Sequence[str]], *, shell: bool,
+                       stdin: int, stdout: int, stderr: int,
+                       cwd: Union[str, bytes, PathLike, None] = None,
+                       env: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+                       start_new_session: bool = False) -> Process:
+    await checkpoint()
+    if shell:
+        process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_shell(
+            command, stdin=stdin, stdout=stdout,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            stderr=stderr, cwd=cwd, env=env, start_new_session=start_new_session,
+        )
+    else:
+        process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(*command, stdin=stdin, stdout=stdout,
+                                                       stderr=stderr, cwd=cwd, env=env,
+                                                       start_new_session=start_new_session)
+
+    stdin_stream = StreamWriterWrapper(process.stdin) if process.stdin else None
+    stdout_stream = StreamReaderWrapper(process.stdout) if process.stdout else None
+    stderr_stream = StreamReaderWrapper(process.stderr) if process.stderr else None
+    return Process(process, stdin_stream, stdout_stream, stderr_stream)
+
+
+def _forcibly_shutdown_process_pool_on_exit(workers: Set[Process], _task: object) -> None:
+    """
+    Forcibly shuts down worker processes belonging to this event loop."""
+    child_watcher: Optional[asyncio.AbstractChildWatcher]
+    try:
+        child_watcher = asyncio.get_event_loop_policy().get_child_watcher()
+    except NotImplementedError:
+        child_watcher = None
+
+    # Close as much as possible (w/o async/await) to avoid warnings
+    for process in workers:
+        if process.returncode is None:
+            continue
+
+        process._stdin._stream._transport.close()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+        process._stdout._stream._transport.close()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+        process._stderr._stream._transport.close()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+        process.kill()
+        if child_watcher:
+            child_watcher.remove_child_handler(process.pid)
+
+
+async def _shutdown_process_pool_on_exit(workers: Set[Process]) -> None:
+    """
+    Shuts down worker processes belonging to this event loop.
+
+    NOTE: this only works when the event loop was started using asyncio.run() or anyio.run().
+
+    """
+    process: Process
+    try:
+        await sleep(math.inf)
+    except asyncio.CancelledError:
+        for process in workers:
+            if process.returncode is None:
+                process.kill()
+
+        for process in workers:
+            await process.aclose()
+
+
+def setup_process_pool_exit_at_shutdown(workers: Set[Process]) -> None:
+    kwargs = {'name': 'AnyIO process pool shutdown task'} if _native_task_names else {}
+    create_task(_shutdown_process_pool_on_exit(workers), **kwargs)
+    find_root_task().add_done_callback(partial(_forcibly_shutdown_process_pool_on_exit, workers))
+
+
+#
+# Sockets and networking
+#
+
+
+class StreamProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
+    read_queue: Deque[bytes]
+    read_event: asyncio.Event
+    write_event: asyncio.Event
+    exception: Optional[Exception] = None
+
+    def connection_made(self, transport: asyncio.BaseTransport) -> None:
+        self.read_queue = deque()
+        self.read_event = asyncio.Event()
+        self.write_event = asyncio.Event()
+        self.write_event.set()
+        cast(asyncio.Transport, transport).set_write_buffer_limits(0)
+
+    def connection_lost(self, exc: Optional[Exception]) -> None:
+        if exc:
+            self.exception = BrokenResourceError()
+            self.exception.__cause__ = exc
+
+        self.read_event.set()
+        self.write_event.set()
+
+    def data_received(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        self.read_queue.append(data)
+        self.read_event.set()
+
+    def eof_received(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        self.read_event.set()
+        return True
+
+    def pause_writing(self) -> None:
+        self.write_event = asyncio.Event()
+
+    def resume_writing(self) -> None:
+        self.write_event.set()
+
+
+class DatagramProtocol(asyncio.DatagramProtocol):
+    read_queue: Deque[Tuple[bytes, IPSockAddrType]]
+    read_event: asyncio.Event
+    write_event: asyncio.Event
+    exception: Optional[Exception] = None
+
+    def connection_made(self, transport: asyncio.BaseTransport) -> None:
+        self.read_queue = deque(maxlen=100)  # arbitrary value
+        self.read_event = asyncio.Event()
+        self.write_event = asyncio.Event()
+        self.write_event.set()
+
+    def connection_lost(self, exc: Optional[Exception]) -> None:
+        self.read_event.set()
+        self.write_event.set()
+
+    def datagram_received(self, data: bytes, addr: IPSockAddrType) -> None:
+        addr = convert_ipv6_sockaddr(addr)
+        self.read_queue.append((data, addr))
+        self.read_event.set()
+
+    def error_received(self, exc: Exception) -> None:
+        self.exception = exc
+
+    def pause_writing(self) -> None:
+        self.write_event.clear()
+
+    def resume_writing(self) -> None:
+        self.write_event.set()
+
+
+class SocketStream(abc.SocketStream):
+    def __init__(self, transport: asyncio.Transport, protocol: StreamProtocol):
+        self._transport = transport
+        self._protocol = protocol
+        self._receive_guard = ResourceGuard('reading from')
+        self._send_guard = ResourceGuard('writing to')
+        self._closed = False
+
+    @property
+    def _raw_socket(self) -> socket.socket:
+        return self._transport.get_extra_info('socket')
+
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
+        with self._receive_guard:
+            await checkpoint()
+
+            if not self._protocol.read_event.is_set() and not self._transport.is_closing():
+                self._transport.resume_reading()
+                await self._protocol.read_event.wait()
+                self._transport.pause_reading()
+
+            try:
+                chunk = self._protocol.read_queue.popleft()
+            except IndexError:
+                if self._closed:
+                    raise ClosedResourceError from None
+                elif self._protocol.exception:
+                    raise self._protocol.exception
+                else:
+                    raise EndOfStream from None
+
+            if len(chunk) > max_bytes:
+                # Split the oversized chunk
+                chunk, leftover = chunk[:max_bytes], chunk[max_bytes:]
+                self._protocol.read_queue.appendleft(leftover)
+
+            # If the read queue is empty, clear the flag so that the next call will block until
+            # data is available
+            if not self._protocol.read_queue:
+                self._protocol.read_event.clear()
+
+        return chunk
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        with self._send_guard:
+            await checkpoint()
+
+            if self._closed:
+                raise ClosedResourceError
+            elif self._protocol.exception is not None:
+                raise self._protocol.exception
+
+            try:
+                self._transport.write(item)
+            except RuntimeError as exc:
+                if self._transport.is_closing():
+                    raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+                else:
+                    raise
+
+            await self._protocol.write_event.wait()
+
+    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self._transport.write_eof()
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if not self._transport.is_closing():
+            self._closed = True
+            try:
+                self._transport.write_eof()
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+
+            self._transport.close()
+            await sleep(0)
+            self._transport.abort()
+
+
+class UNIXSocketStream(abc.SocketStream):
+    _receive_future: Optional[asyncio.Future] = None
+    _send_future: Optional[asyncio.Future] = None
+    _closing = False
+
+    def __init__(self, raw_socket: socket.socket):
+        self.__raw_socket = raw_socket
+        self._loop = get_running_loop()
+        self._receive_guard = ResourceGuard('reading from')
+        self._send_guard = ResourceGuard('writing to')
+
+    @property
+    def _raw_socket(self) -> socket.socket:
+        return self.__raw_socket
+
+    def _wait_until_readable(self, loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop) -> asyncio.Future:
+        def callback(f: object) -> None:
+            del self._receive_future
+            loop.remove_reader(self.__raw_socket)
+
+        f = self._receive_future = asyncio.Future()
+        self._loop.add_reader(self.__raw_socket, f.set_result, None)
+        f.add_done_callback(callback)
+        return f
+
+    def _wait_until_writable(self, loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop) -> asyncio.Future:
+        def callback(f: object) -> None:
+            del self._send_future
+            loop.remove_writer(self.__raw_socket)
+
+        f = self._send_future = asyncio.Future()
+        self._loop.add_writer(self.__raw_socket, f.set_result, None)
+        f.add_done_callback(callback)
+        return f
+
+    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        with self._send_guard:
+            self._raw_socket.shutdown(socket.SHUT_WR)
+
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
+        loop = get_running_loop()
+        await checkpoint()
+        with self._receive_guard:
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    data = self.__raw_socket.recv(max_bytes)
+                except BlockingIOError:
+                    await self._wait_until_readable(loop)
+                except OSError as exc:
+                    if self._closing:
+                        raise ClosedResourceError from None
+                    else:
+                        raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+                else:
+                    if not data:
+                        raise EndOfStream
+
+                    return data
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        loop = get_running_loop()
+        await checkpoint()
+        with self._send_guard:
+            view = memoryview(item)
+            while view:
+                try:
+                    bytes_sent = self.__raw_socket.send(item)
+                except BlockingIOError:
+                    await self._wait_until_writable(loop)
+                except OSError as exc:
+                    if self._closing:
+                        raise ClosedResourceError from None
+                    else:
+                        raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+                else:
+                    view = view[bytes_sent:]
+
+    async def receive_fds(self, msglen: int, maxfds: int) -> Tuple[bytes, List[int]]:
+        if not isinstance(msglen, int) or msglen < 0:
+            raise ValueError('msglen must be a non-negative integer')
+        if not isinstance(maxfds, int) or maxfds < 1:
+            raise ValueError('maxfds must be a positive integer')
+
+        loop = get_running_loop()
+        fds = array.array("i")
+        await checkpoint()
+        with self._receive_guard:
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    message, ancdata, flags, addr = self.__raw_socket.recvmsg(
+                        msglen, socket.CMSG_LEN(maxfds * fds.itemsize))
+                except BlockingIOError:
+                    await self._wait_until_readable(loop)
+                except OSError as exc:
+                    if self._closing:
+                        raise ClosedResourceError from None
+                    else:
+                        raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+                else:
+                    if not message and not ancdata:
+                        raise EndOfStream
+
+                    break
+
+        for cmsg_level, cmsg_type, cmsg_data in ancdata:
+            if cmsg_level != socket.SOL_SOCKET or cmsg_type != socket.SCM_RIGHTS:
+                raise RuntimeError(f'Received unexpected ancillary data; message = {message!r}, '
+                                   f'cmsg_level = {cmsg_level}, cmsg_type = {cmsg_type}')
+
+            fds.frombytes(cmsg_data[:len(cmsg_data) - (len(cmsg_data) % fds.itemsize)])
+
+        return message, list(fds)
+
+    async def send_fds(self, message: bytes, fds: Collection[Union[int, IOBase]]) -> None:
+        if not message:
+            raise ValueError('message must not be empty')
+        if not fds:
+            raise ValueError('fds must not be empty')
+
+        loop = get_running_loop()
+        filenos: List[int] = []
+        for fd in fds:
+            if isinstance(fd, int):
+                filenos.append(fd)
+            elif isinstance(fd, IOBase):
+                filenos.append(fd.fileno())
+
+        fdarray = array.array("i", filenos)
+        await checkpoint()
+        with self._send_guard:
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    # The ignore can be removed after mypy picks up
+                    # https://github.com/python/typeshed/pull/5545
+                    self.__raw_socket.sendmsg(
+                        [message],
+                        [(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SCM_RIGHTS, fdarray)]
+                    )
+                    break
+                except BlockingIOError:
+                    await self._wait_until_writable(loop)
+                except OSError as exc:
+                    if self._closing:
+                        raise ClosedResourceError from None
+                    else:
+                        raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if not self._closing:
+            self._closing = True
+            if self.__raw_socket.fileno() != -1:
+                self.__raw_socket.close()
+
+            if self._receive_future:
+                self._receive_future.set_result(None)
+            if self._send_future:
+                self._send_future.set_result(None)
+
+
+class TCPSocketListener(abc.SocketListener):
+    _accept_scope: Optional[CancelScope] = None
+    _closed = False
+
+    def __init__(self, raw_socket: socket.socket):
+        self.__raw_socket = raw_socket
+        self._loop = cast(asyncio.BaseEventLoop, get_running_loop())
+        self._accept_guard = ResourceGuard('accepting connections from')
+
+    @property
+    def _raw_socket(self) -> socket.socket:
+        return self.__raw_socket
+
+    async def accept(self) -> abc.SocketStream:
+        if self._closed:
+            raise ClosedResourceError
+
+        with self._accept_guard:
+            await checkpoint()
+            with CancelScope() as self._accept_scope:
+                try:
+                    client_sock, _addr = await self._loop.sock_accept(self._raw_socket)
+                except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                    # Workaround for https://bugs.python.org/issue41317
+                    try:
+                        self._loop.remove_reader(self._raw_socket)
+                    except (ValueError, NotImplementedError):
+                        pass
+
+                    if self._closed:
+                        raise ClosedResourceError from None
+
+                    raise
+                finally:
+                    self._accept_scope = None
+
+        client_sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)
+        transport, protocol = await self._loop.connect_accepted_socket(StreamProtocol, client_sock)
+        return SocketStream(cast(asyncio.Transport, transport), cast(StreamProtocol, protocol))
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if self._closed:
+            return
+
+        self._closed = True
+        if self._accept_scope:
+            # Workaround for https://bugs.python.org/issue41317
+            try:
+                self._loop.remove_reader(self._raw_socket)
+            except (ValueError, NotImplementedError):
+                pass
+
+            self._accept_scope.cancel()
+            await sleep(0)
+
+        self._raw_socket.close()
+
+
+class UNIXSocketListener(abc.SocketListener):
+    def __init__(self, raw_socket: socket.socket):
+        self.__raw_socket = raw_socket
+        self._loop = get_running_loop()
+        self._accept_guard = ResourceGuard('accepting connections from')
+        self._closed = False
+
+    async def accept(self) -> abc.SocketStream:
+        await checkpoint()
+        with self._accept_guard:
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    client_sock, _ = self.__raw_socket.accept()
+                    client_sock.setblocking(False)
+                    return UNIXSocketStream(client_sock)
+                except BlockingIOError:
+                    f: asyncio.Future = asyncio.Future()
+                    self._loop.add_reader(self.__raw_socket, f.set_result, None)
+                    f.add_done_callback(lambda _: self._loop.remove_reader(self.__raw_socket))
+                    await f
+                except OSError as exc:
+                    if self._closed:
+                        raise ClosedResourceError from None
+                    else:
+                        raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        self._closed = True
+        self.__raw_socket.close()
+
+    @property
+    def _raw_socket(self) -> socket.socket:
+        return self.__raw_socket
+
+
+class UDPSocket(abc.UDPSocket):
+    def __init__(self, transport: asyncio.DatagramTransport, protocol: DatagramProtocol):
+        self._transport = transport
+        self._protocol = protocol
+        self._receive_guard = ResourceGuard('reading from')
+        self._send_guard = ResourceGuard('writing to')
+        self._closed = False
+
+    @property
+    def _raw_socket(self) -> socket.socket:
+        return self._transport.get_extra_info('socket')
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if not self._transport.is_closing():
+            self._closed = True
+            self._transport.close()
+
+    async def receive(self) -> Tuple[bytes, IPSockAddrType]:
+        with self._receive_guard:
+            await checkpoint()
+
+            # If the buffer is empty, ask for more data
+            if not self._protocol.read_queue and not self._transport.is_closing():
+                self._protocol.read_event.clear()
+                await self._protocol.read_event.wait()
+
+            try:
+                return self._protocol.read_queue.popleft()
+            except IndexError:
+                if self._closed:
+                    raise ClosedResourceError from None
+                else:
+                    raise BrokenResourceError from None
+
+    async def send(self, item: UDPPacketType) -> None:
+        with self._send_guard:
+            await checkpoint()
+            await self._protocol.write_event.wait()
+            if self._closed:
+                raise ClosedResourceError
+            elif self._transport.is_closing():
+                raise BrokenResourceError
+            else:
+                self._transport.sendto(*item)
+
+
+class ConnectedUDPSocket(abc.ConnectedUDPSocket):
+    def __init__(self, transport: asyncio.DatagramTransport, protocol: DatagramProtocol):
+        self._transport = transport
+        self._protocol = protocol
+        self._receive_guard = ResourceGuard('reading from')
+        self._send_guard = ResourceGuard('writing to')
+        self._closed = False
+
+    @property
+    def _raw_socket(self) -> socket.socket:
+        return self._transport.get_extra_info('socket')
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if not self._transport.is_closing():
+            self._closed = True
+            self._transport.close()
+
+    async def receive(self) -> bytes:
+        with self._receive_guard:
+            await checkpoint()
+
+            # If the buffer is empty, ask for more data
+            if not self._protocol.read_queue and not self._transport.is_closing():
+                self._protocol.read_event.clear()
+                await self._protocol.read_event.wait()
+
+            try:
+                packet = self._protocol.read_queue.popleft()
+            except IndexError:
+                if self._closed:
+                    raise ClosedResourceError from None
+                else:
+                    raise BrokenResourceError from None
+
+            return packet[0]
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        with self._send_guard:
+            await checkpoint()
+            await self._protocol.write_event.wait()
+            if self._closed:
+                raise ClosedResourceError
+            elif self._transport.is_closing():
+                raise BrokenResourceError
+            else:
+                self._transport.sendto(item)
+
+
+async def connect_tcp(host: str, port: int,
+                      local_addr: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = None) -> SocketStream:
+    transport, protocol = cast(
+        Tuple[asyncio.Transport, StreamProtocol],
+        await get_running_loop().create_connection(StreamProtocol, host, port,
+                                                   local_addr=local_addr)
+    )
+    transport.pause_reading()
+    return SocketStream(transport, protocol)
+
+
+async def connect_unix(path: str) -> UNIXSocketStream:
+    await checkpoint()
+    loop = get_running_loop()
+    raw_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX)
+    raw_socket.setblocking(False)
+    while True:
+        try:
+            raw_socket.connect(path)
+        except BlockingIOError:
+            f: asyncio.Future = asyncio.Future()
+            loop.add_writer(raw_socket, f.set_result, None)
+            f.add_done_callback(lambda _: loop.remove_writer(raw_socket))
+            await f
+        except BaseException:
+            raw_socket.close()
+            raise
+        else:
+            return UNIXSocketStream(raw_socket)
+
+
+async def create_udp_socket(
+    family: socket.AddressFamily,
+    local_address: Optional[IPSockAddrType],
+    remote_address: Optional[IPSockAddrType],
+    reuse_port: bool
+) -> Union[UDPSocket, ConnectedUDPSocket]:
+    result = await get_running_loop().create_datagram_endpoint(
+        DatagramProtocol, local_addr=local_address, remote_addr=remote_address, family=family,
+        reuse_port=reuse_port)
+    transport = cast(asyncio.DatagramTransport, result[0])
+    protocol = cast(DatagramProtocol, result[1])
+    if protocol.exception:
+        transport.close()
+        raise protocol.exception
+
+    if not remote_address:
+        return UDPSocket(transport, protocol)
+    else:
+        return ConnectedUDPSocket(transport, protocol)
+
+
+async def getaddrinfo(host: Union[bytearray, bytes, str], port: Union[str, int, None], *,
+                      family: Union[int, AddressFamily] = 0, type: Union[int, SocketKind] = 0,
+                      proto: int = 0, flags: int = 0) -> GetAddrInfoReturnType:
+    # https://github.com/python/typeshed/pull/4304
+    result = await get_running_loop().getaddrinfo(
+        host, port, family=family, type=type, proto=proto, flags=flags)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    return cast(GetAddrInfoReturnType, result)
+
+
+async def getnameinfo(sockaddr: IPSockAddrType, flags: int = 0) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    return await get_running_loop().getnameinfo(sockaddr, flags)
+
+
+_read_events: RunVar[Dict[Any, asyncio.Event]] = RunVar('read_events')
+_write_events: RunVar[Dict[Any, asyncio.Event]] = RunVar('write_events')
+
+
+async def wait_socket_readable(sock: socket.socket) -> None:
+    await checkpoint()
+    try:
+        read_events = _read_events.get()
+    except LookupError:
+        read_events = {}
+        _read_events.set(read_events)
+
+    if read_events.get(sock):
+        raise BusyResourceError('reading from') from None
+
+    loop = get_running_loop()
+    event = read_events[sock] = asyncio.Event()
+    loop.add_reader(sock, event.set)
+    try:
+        await event.wait()
+    finally:
+        if read_events.pop(sock, None) is not None:
+            loop.remove_reader(sock)
+            readable = True
+        else:
+            readable = False
+
+    if not readable:
+        raise ClosedResourceError
+
+
+async def wait_socket_writable(sock: socket.socket) -> None:
+    await checkpoint()
+    try:
+        write_events = _write_events.get()
+    except LookupError:
+        write_events = {}
+        _write_events.set(write_events)
+
+    if write_events.get(sock):
+        raise BusyResourceError('writing to') from None
+
+    loop = get_running_loop()
+    event = write_events[sock] = asyncio.Event()
+    loop.add_writer(sock.fileno(), event.set)
+    try:
+        await event.wait()
+    finally:
+        if write_events.pop(sock, None) is not None:
+            loop.remove_writer(sock)
+            writable = True
+        else:
+            writable = False
+
+    if not writable:
+        raise ClosedResourceError
+
+
+#
+# Synchronization
+#
+
+class Event(BaseEvent):
+    def __new__(cls) -> "Event":
+        return object.__new__(cls)
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._event = asyncio.Event()
+
+    def set(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        self._event.set()
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.set)
+
+    def is_set(self) -> bool:
+        return self._event.is_set()
+
+    async def wait(self) -> None:
+        if await self._event.wait():
+            await checkpoint()
+
+    def statistics(self) -> EventStatistics:
+        return EventStatistics(len(self._event._waiters))  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+
+class CapacityLimiter(BaseCapacityLimiter):
+    _total_tokens: float = 0
+
+    def __new__(cls, total_tokens: float) -> "CapacityLimiter":
+        return object.__new__(cls)
+
+    def __init__(self, total_tokens: float):
+        self._borrowers: Set[Any] = set()
+        self._wait_queue: Dict[Any, asyncio.Event] = OrderedDict()
+        self.total_tokens = total_tokens
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> None:
+        await self.acquire()
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> None:
+        self.release()
+
+    @property
+    def total_tokens(self) -> float:
+        return self._total_tokens
+
+    @total_tokens.setter
+    def total_tokens(self, value: float) -> None:
+        if not isinstance(value, int) and not math.isinf(value):
+            raise TypeError('total_tokens must be an int or math.inf')
+        if value < 1:
+            raise ValueError('total_tokens must be >= 1')
+
+        old_value = self._total_tokens
+        self._total_tokens = value
+        events = []
+        for event in self._wait_queue.values():
+            if value <= old_value:
+                break
+
+            if not event.is_set():
+                events.append(event)
+                old_value += 1
+
+        for event in events:
+            event.set()
+
+    @property
+    def borrowed_tokens(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._borrowers)
+
+    @property
+    def available_tokens(self) -> float:
+        return self._total_tokens - len(self._borrowers)
+
+    def acquire_nowait(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        self.acquire_on_behalf_of_nowait(current_task())
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.acquire_nowait)
+
+    def acquire_on_behalf_of_nowait(self, borrower: object) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        if borrower in self._borrowers:
+            raise RuntimeError("this borrower is already holding one of this CapacityLimiter's "
+                               "tokens")
+
+        if self._wait_queue or len(self._borrowers) >= self._total_tokens:
+            raise WouldBlock
+
+        self._borrowers.add(borrower)
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.acquire_on_behalf_of_nowait)
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        return await self.acquire_on_behalf_of(current_task())
+
+    async def acquire_on_behalf_of(self, borrower: object) -> None:
+        await checkpoint_if_cancelled()
+        try:
+            self.acquire_on_behalf_of_nowait(borrower)
+        except WouldBlock:
+            event = asyncio.Event()
+            self._wait_queue[borrower] = event
+            try:
+                await event.wait()
+            except BaseException:
+                self._wait_queue.pop(borrower, None)
+                raise
+
+            self._borrowers.add(borrower)
+        else:
+            try:
+                await cancel_shielded_checkpoint()
+            except BaseException:
+                self.release()
+                raise
+
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        self.release_on_behalf_of(current_task())
+
+    def release_on_behalf_of(self, borrower: object) -> None:
+        try:
+            self._borrowers.remove(borrower)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise RuntimeError("this borrower isn't holding any of this CapacityLimiter's "
+                               "tokens") from None
+
+        # Notify the next task in line if this limiter has free capacity now
+        if self._wait_queue and len(self._borrowers) < self._total_tokens:
+            event = self._wait_queue.popitem()[1]
+            event.set()
+
+    def statistics(self) -> CapacityLimiterStatistics:
+        return CapacityLimiterStatistics(self.borrowed_tokens, self.total_tokens,
+                                         tuple(self._borrowers), len(self._wait_queue))
+
+
+_default_thread_limiter: RunVar[CapacityLimiter] = RunVar('_default_thread_limiter')
+
+
+def current_default_thread_limiter() -> CapacityLimiter:
+    try:
+        return _default_thread_limiter.get()
+    except LookupError:
+        limiter = CapacityLimiter(40)
+        _default_thread_limiter.set(limiter)
+        return limiter
+
+
+#
+# Operating system signals
+#
+
+class _SignalReceiver(DeprecatedAsyncContextManager["_SignalReceiver"]):
+    def __init__(self, signals: Tuple[int, ...]):
+        self._signals = signals
+        self._loop = get_running_loop()
+        self._signal_queue: Deque[int] = deque()
+        self._future: asyncio.Future = asyncio.Future()
+        self._handled_signals: Set[int] = set()
+
+    def _deliver(self, signum: int) -> None:
+        self._signal_queue.append(signum)
+        if not self._future.done():
+            self._future.set_result(None)
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "_SignalReceiver":
+        for sig in set(self._signals):
+            self._loop.add_signal_handler(sig, self._deliver, sig)
+            self._handled_signals.add(sig)
+
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        for sig in self._handled_signals:
+            self._loop.remove_signal_handler(sig)
+        return None
+
+    def __aiter__(self) -> "_SignalReceiver":
+        return self
+
+    async def __anext__(self) -> int:
+        await checkpoint()
+        if not self._signal_queue:
+            self._future = asyncio.Future()
+            await self._future
+
+        return self._signal_queue.popleft()
+
+
+def open_signal_receiver(*signals: int) -> _SignalReceiver:
+    return _SignalReceiver(signals)
+
+
+#
+# Testing and debugging
+#
+
+def _create_task_info(task: asyncio.Task) -> TaskInfo:
+    task_state = _task_states.get(task)
+    if task_state is None:
+        name = task.get_name() if _native_task_names else None
+        parent_id = None
+    else:
+        name = task_state.name
+        parent_id = task_state.parent_id
+
+    return TaskInfo(id(task), parent_id, name, get_coro(task))
+
+
+def get_current_task() -> TaskInfo:
+    return _create_task_info(current_task())  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+
+def get_running_tasks() -> List[TaskInfo]:
+    return [_create_task_info(task) for task in all_tasks() if not task.done()]
+
+
+async def wait_all_tasks_blocked() -> None:
+    await checkpoint()
+    this_task = current_task()
+    while True:
+        for task in all_tasks():
+            if task is this_task:
+                continue
+
+            if task._fut_waiter is None or task._fut_waiter.done():  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                await sleep(0.1)
+                break
+        else:
+            return
+
+
+class TestRunner(abc.TestRunner):
+    def __init__(self, debug: bool = False, use_uvloop: bool = False,
+                 policy: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy] = None):
+        _maybe_set_event_loop_policy(policy, use_uvloop)
+        self._loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+        self._loop.set_debug(debug)
+        asyncio.set_event_loop(self._loop)
+
+    def _cancel_all_tasks(self) -> None:
+        to_cancel = all_tasks(self._loop)
+        if not to_cancel:
+            return
+
+        for task in to_cancel:
+            task.cancel()
+
+        self._loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.gather(*to_cancel, return_exceptions=True))
+
+        for task in to_cancel:
+            if task.cancelled():
+                continue
+            if task.exception() is not None:
+                raise cast(BaseException, task.exception())
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self._cancel_all_tasks()
+            self._loop.run_until_complete(self._loop.shutdown_asyncgens())
+        finally:
+            asyncio.set_event_loop(None)
+            self._loop.close()
+
+    def call(self, func: Callable[..., Awaitable[T_Retval]],
+             *args: object, **kwargs: object) -> T_Retval:
+        def exception_handler(loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop, context: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+            exceptions.append(context['exception'])
+
+        exceptions: List[BaseException] = []
+        self._loop.set_exception_handler(exception_handler)
+        try:
+            retval: T_Retval = self._loop.run_until_complete(func(*args, **kwargs))
+        except Exception as exc:
+            retval = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+            exceptions.append(exc)
+        finally:
+            self._loop.set_exception_handler(None)
+
+        if len(exceptions) == 1:
+            raise exceptions[0]
+        elif exceptions:
+            raise ExceptionGroup(exceptions)
+
+        return retval
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_trio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_trio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..440e54f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_trio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,833 @@
+import array
+import math
+import socket
+from concurrent.futures import Future
+from contextvars import copy_context
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from functools import partial
+from io import IOBase
+from os import PathLike
+from signal import Signals
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    Any, Awaitable, Callable, Collection, ContextManager, Coroutine, Deque, Dict, Generic, List,
+    Mapping, NoReturn, Optional, Sequence, Set, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, Union, cast)
+
+import sniffio
+import trio.from_thread
+from outcome import Error, Outcome, Value
+from trio.socket import SocketType as TrioSocketType
+from trio.to_thread import run_sync
+
+from .. import CapacityLimiterStatistics, EventStatistics, TaskInfo, abc
+from .._core._compat import DeprecatedAsyncContextManager, DeprecatedAwaitable, T
+from .._core._eventloop import claim_worker_thread
+from .._core._exceptions import (
+    BrokenResourceError, BusyResourceError, ClosedResourceError, EndOfStream)
+from .._core._exceptions import ExceptionGroup as BaseExceptionGroup
+from .._core._sockets import convert_ipv6_sockaddr
+from .._core._synchronization import CapacityLimiter as BaseCapacityLimiter
+from .._core._synchronization import Event as BaseEvent
+from .._core._synchronization import ResourceGuard
+from .._core._tasks import CancelScope as BaseCancelScope
+from ..abc import IPSockAddrType, UDPPacketType
+
+try:
+    from trio import lowlevel as trio_lowlevel
+except ImportError:
+    from trio import hazmat as trio_lowlevel  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+    from trio.hazmat import wait_readable, wait_writable
+else:
+    from trio.lowlevel import wait_readable, wait_writable
+
+try:
+    from trio.lowlevel import open_process as trio_open_process  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+except ImportError:
+    from trio import open_process as trio_open_process
+
+T_Retval = TypeVar('T_Retval')
+T_SockAddr = TypeVar('T_SockAddr', str, IPSockAddrType)
+
+
+#
+# Event loop
+#
+
+run = trio.run
+current_token = trio.lowlevel.current_trio_token
+RunVar = trio.lowlevel.RunVar
+
+
+#
+# Miscellaneous
+#
+
+sleep = trio.sleep
+
+
+#
+# Timeouts and cancellation
+#
+
+class CancelScope(BaseCancelScope):
+    def __new__(cls, original: Optional[trio.CancelScope] = None,
+                **kwargs: object) -> 'CancelScope':
+        return object.__new__(cls)
+
+    def __init__(self, original: Optional[trio.CancelScope] = None, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        self.__original = original or trio.CancelScope(**kwargs)
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> 'CancelScope':
+        self.__original.__enter__()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return self.__original.__exit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
+
+    def cancel(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        self.__original.cancel()
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.cancel)
+
+    @property
+    def deadline(self) -> float:
+        return self.__original.deadline
+
+    @deadline.setter
+    def deadline(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.__original.deadline = value
+
+    @property
+    def cancel_called(self) -> bool:
+        return self.__original.cancel_called
+
+    @property
+    def shield(self) -> bool:
+        return self.__original.shield
+
+    @shield.setter
+    def shield(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.__original.shield = value
+
+
+CancelledError = trio.Cancelled
+checkpoint = trio.lowlevel.checkpoint
+checkpoint_if_cancelled = trio.lowlevel.checkpoint_if_cancelled
+cancel_shielded_checkpoint = trio.lowlevel.cancel_shielded_checkpoint
+current_effective_deadline = trio.current_effective_deadline
+current_time = trio.current_time
+
+
+#
+# Task groups
+#
+
+class ExceptionGroup(BaseExceptionGroup, trio.MultiError):
+    pass
+
+
+class TaskGroup(abc.TaskGroup):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._active = False
+        self._nursery_manager = trio.open_nursery()
+        self.cancel_scope = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> 'TaskGroup':
+        self._active = True
+        self._nursery = await self._nursery_manager.__aenter__()
+        self.cancel_scope = CancelScope(self._nursery.cancel_scope)
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        try:
+            return await self._nursery_manager.__aexit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
+        except trio.MultiError as exc:
+            raise ExceptionGroup(exc.exceptions) from None
+        finally:
+            self._active = False
+
+    def start_soon(self, func: Callable, *args: object, name: object = None) -> None:
+        if not self._active:
+            raise RuntimeError('This task group is not active; no new tasks can be started.')
+
+        self._nursery.start_soon(func, *args, name=name)
+
+    async def start(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine],
+                    *args: object, name: object = None) -> object:
+        if not self._active:
+            raise RuntimeError('This task group is not active; no new tasks can be started.')
+
+        return await self._nursery.start(func, *args, name=name)
+
+#
+# Threads
+#
+
+
+async def run_sync_in_worker_thread(
+        func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object, cancellable: bool = False,
+        limiter: Optional[trio.CapacityLimiter] = None) -> T_Retval:
+    def wrapper() -> T_Retval:
+        with claim_worker_thread('trio'):
+            return func(*args)
+
+    # TODO: remove explicit context copying when trio 0.20 is the minimum requirement
+    context = copy_context()
+    context.run(sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.set, None)
+    return await run_sync(context.run, wrapper, cancellable=cancellable, limiter=limiter)
+
+
+# TODO: remove this workaround when trio 0.20 is the minimum requirement
+def run_async_from_thread(fn: Callable[..., Awaitable[T_Retval]], *args: Any) -> T_Retval:
+    async def wrapper() -> T_Retval:
+        retval: T_Retval
+
+        async def inner() -> None:
+            nonlocal retval
+            __tracebackhide__ = True
+            retval = await fn(*args)
+
+        async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
+            context.run(n.start_soon, inner)
+
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        return retval
+
+    context = copy_context()
+    context.run(sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.set, 'trio')
+    return trio.from_thread.run(wrapper)
+
+
+def run_sync_from_thread(fn: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: Any) -> T_Retval:
+    # TODO: remove explicit context copying when trio 0.20 is the minimum requirement
+    retval = trio.from_thread.run_sync(copy_context().run, fn, *args)
+    return cast(T_Retval, retval)
+
+
+class BlockingPortal(abc.BlockingPortal):
+    def __new__(cls) -> 'BlockingPortal':
+        return object.__new__(cls)
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._token = trio.lowlevel.current_trio_token()
+
+    def _spawn_task_from_thread(self, func: Callable, args: tuple, kwargs: Dict[str, Any],
+                                name: object, future: Future) -> None:
+        context = copy_context()
+        context.run(sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.set, 'trio')
+        trio.from_thread.run_sync(
+            context.run, partial(self._task_group.start_soon, name=name), self._call_func, func,
+            args, kwargs, future, trio_token=self._token)
+
+
+#
+# Subprocesses
+#
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class ReceiveStreamWrapper(abc.ByteReceiveStream):
+    _stream: trio.abc.ReceiveStream
+
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: Optional[int] = None) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            data = await self._stream.receive_some(max_bytes)
+        except trio.ClosedResourceError as exc:
+            raise ClosedResourceError from exc.__cause__
+        except trio.BrokenResourceError as exc:
+            raise BrokenResourceError from exc.__cause__
+
+        if data:
+            return data
+        else:
+            raise EndOfStream
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self._stream.aclose()
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class SendStreamWrapper(abc.ByteSendStream):
+    _stream: trio.abc.SendStream
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        try:
+            await self._stream.send_all(item)
+        except trio.ClosedResourceError as exc:
+            raise ClosedResourceError from exc.__cause__
+        except trio.BrokenResourceError as exc:
+            raise BrokenResourceError from exc.__cause__
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self._stream.aclose()
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class Process(abc.Process):
+    _process: trio.Process
+    _stdin: Optional[abc.ByteSendStream]
+    _stdout: Optional[abc.ByteReceiveStream]
+    _stderr: Optional[abc.ByteReceiveStream]
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if self._stdin:
+            await self._stdin.aclose()
+        if self._stdout:
+            await self._stdout.aclose()
+        if self._stderr:
+            await self._stderr.aclose()
+
+        await self.wait()
+
+    async def wait(self) -> int:
+        return await self._process.wait()
+
+    def terminate(self) -> None:
+        self._process.terminate()
+
+    def kill(self) -> None:
+        self._process.kill()
+
+    def send_signal(self, signal: Signals) -> None:
+        self._process.send_signal(signal)
+
+    @property
+    def pid(self) -> int:
+        return self._process.pid
+
+    @property
+    def returncode(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        return self._process.returncode
+
+    @property
+    def stdin(self) -> Optional[abc.ByteSendStream]:
+        return self._stdin
+
+    @property
+    def stdout(self) -> Optional[abc.ByteReceiveStream]:
+        return self._stdout
+
+    @property
+    def stderr(self) -> Optional[abc.ByteReceiveStream]:
+        return self._stderr
+
+
+async def open_process(command: Union[str, Sequence[str]], *, shell: bool,
+                       stdin: int, stdout: int, stderr: int,
+                       cwd: Union[str, bytes, PathLike, None] = None,
+                       env: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+                       start_new_session: bool = False) -> Process:
+    process = await trio_open_process(command, stdin=stdin, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr,
+                                      shell=shell, cwd=cwd, env=env,
+                                      start_new_session=start_new_session)
+    stdin_stream = SendStreamWrapper(process.stdin) if process.stdin else None
+    stdout_stream = ReceiveStreamWrapper(process.stdout) if process.stdout else None
+    stderr_stream = ReceiveStreamWrapper(process.stderr) if process.stderr else None
+    return Process(process, stdin_stream, stdout_stream, stderr_stream)
+
+
+class _ProcessPoolShutdownInstrument(trio.abc.Instrument):
+    def after_run(self) -> None:
+        super().after_run()
+
+
+current_default_worker_process_limiter: RunVar = RunVar(
+    'current_default_worker_process_limiter')
+
+
+async def _shutdown_process_pool(workers: Set[Process]) -> None:
+    process: Process
+    try:
+        await sleep(math.inf)
+    except trio.Cancelled:
+        for process in workers:
+            if process.returncode is None:
+                process.kill()
+
+        with CancelScope(shield=True):
+            for process in workers:
+                await process.aclose()
+
+
+def setup_process_pool_exit_at_shutdown(workers: Set[Process]) -> None:
+    trio.lowlevel.spawn_system_task(_shutdown_process_pool, workers)
+
+
+#
+# Sockets and networking
+#
+
+class _TrioSocketMixin(Generic[T_SockAddr]):
+    def __init__(self, trio_socket: TrioSocketType) -> None:
+        self._trio_socket = trio_socket
+        self._closed = False
+
+    def _check_closed(self) -> None:
+        if self._closed:
+            raise ClosedResourceError
+        if self._trio_socket.fileno() < 0:
+            raise BrokenResourceError
+
+    @property
+    def _raw_socket(self) -> socket.socket:
+        return self._trio_socket._sock  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if self._trio_socket.fileno() >= 0:
+            self._closed = True
+            self._trio_socket.close()
+
+    def _convert_socket_error(self, exc: BaseException) -> 'NoReturn':
+        if isinstance(exc, trio.ClosedResourceError):
+            raise ClosedResourceError from exc
+        elif self._trio_socket.fileno() < 0 and self._closed:
+            raise ClosedResourceError from None
+        elif isinstance(exc, OSError):
+            raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+        else:
+            raise exc
+
+
+class SocketStream(_TrioSocketMixin, abc.SocketStream):
+    def __init__(self, trio_socket: TrioSocketType) -> None:
+        super().__init__(trio_socket)
+        self._receive_guard = ResourceGuard('reading from')
+        self._send_guard = ResourceGuard('writing to')
+
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
+        with self._receive_guard:
+            try:
+                data = await self._trio_socket.recv(max_bytes)
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+
+            if data:
+                return data
+            else:
+                raise EndOfStream
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        with self._send_guard:
+            view = memoryview(item)
+            while view:
+                try:
+                    bytes_sent = await self._trio_socket.send(view)
+                except BaseException as exc:
+                    self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+
+                view = view[bytes_sent:]
+
+    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        self._trio_socket.shutdown(socket.SHUT_WR)
+
+
+class UNIXSocketStream(SocketStream, abc.UNIXSocketStream):
+    async def receive_fds(self, msglen: int, maxfds: int) -> Tuple[bytes, List[int]]:
+        if not isinstance(msglen, int) or msglen < 0:
+            raise ValueError('msglen must be a non-negative integer')
+        if not isinstance(maxfds, int) or maxfds < 1:
+            raise ValueError('maxfds must be a positive integer')
+
+        fds = array.array("i")
+        await checkpoint()
+        with self._receive_guard:
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    message, ancdata, flags, addr = await self._trio_socket.recvmsg(
+                        msglen, socket.CMSG_LEN(maxfds * fds.itemsize))
+                except BaseException as exc:
+                    self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+                else:
+                    if not message and not ancdata:
+                        raise EndOfStream
+
+                    break
+
+        for cmsg_level, cmsg_type, cmsg_data in ancdata:
+            if cmsg_level != socket.SOL_SOCKET or cmsg_type != socket.SCM_RIGHTS:
+                raise RuntimeError(f'Received unexpected ancillary data; message = {message!r}, '
+                                   f'cmsg_level = {cmsg_level}, cmsg_type = {cmsg_type}')
+
+            fds.frombytes(cmsg_data[:len(cmsg_data) - (len(cmsg_data) % fds.itemsize)])
+
+        return message, list(fds)
+
+    async def send_fds(self, message: bytes, fds: Collection[Union[int, IOBase]]) -> None:
+        if not message:
+            raise ValueError('message must not be empty')
+        if not fds:
+            raise ValueError('fds must not be empty')
+
+        filenos: List[int] = []
+        for fd in fds:
+            if isinstance(fd, int):
+                filenos.append(fd)
+            elif isinstance(fd, IOBase):
+                filenos.append(fd.fileno())
+
+        fdarray = array.array("i", filenos)
+        await checkpoint()
+        with self._send_guard:
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    await self._trio_socket.sendmsg(
+                        [message],
+                        [(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SCM_RIGHTS,  # type: ignore[list-item]
+                          fdarray)]
+                    )
+                    break
+                except BaseException as exc:
+                    self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+
+
+class TCPSocketListener(_TrioSocketMixin, abc.SocketListener):
+    def __init__(self, raw_socket: socket.socket):
+        super().__init__(trio.socket.from_stdlib_socket(raw_socket))
+        self._accept_guard = ResourceGuard('accepting connections from')
+
+    async def accept(self) -> SocketStream:
+        with self._accept_guard:
+            try:
+                trio_socket, _addr = await self._trio_socket.accept()
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+
+        trio_socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)
+        return SocketStream(trio_socket)
+
+
+class UNIXSocketListener(_TrioSocketMixin, abc.SocketListener):
+    def __init__(self, raw_socket: socket.socket):
+        super().__init__(trio.socket.from_stdlib_socket(raw_socket))
+        self._accept_guard = ResourceGuard('accepting connections from')
+
+    async def accept(self) -> UNIXSocketStream:
+        with self._accept_guard:
+            try:
+                trio_socket, _addr = await self._trio_socket.accept()
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+
+        return UNIXSocketStream(trio_socket)
+
+
+class UDPSocket(_TrioSocketMixin[IPSockAddrType], abc.UDPSocket):
+    def __init__(self, trio_socket: TrioSocketType) -> None:
+        super().__init__(trio_socket)
+        self._receive_guard = ResourceGuard('reading from')
+        self._send_guard = ResourceGuard('writing to')
+
+    async def receive(self) -> Tuple[bytes, IPSockAddrType]:
+        with self._receive_guard:
+            try:
+                data, addr = await self._trio_socket.recvfrom(65536)
+                return data, convert_ipv6_sockaddr(addr)
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+
+    async def send(self, item: UDPPacketType) -> None:
+        with self._send_guard:
+            try:
+                await self._trio_socket.sendto(*item)
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+
+
+class ConnectedUDPSocket(_TrioSocketMixin[IPSockAddrType], abc.ConnectedUDPSocket):
+    def __init__(self, trio_socket: TrioSocketType) -> None:
+        super().__init__(trio_socket)
+        self._receive_guard = ResourceGuard('reading from')
+        self._send_guard = ResourceGuard('writing to')
+
+    async def receive(self) -> bytes:
+        with self._receive_guard:
+            try:
+                return await self._trio_socket.recv(65536)
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        with self._send_guard:
+            try:
+                await self._trio_socket.send(item)
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                self._convert_socket_error(exc)
+
+
+async def connect_tcp(host: str, port: int,
+                      local_address: Optional[IPSockAddrType] = None) -> SocketStream:
+    family = socket.AF_INET6 if ':' in host else socket.AF_INET
+    trio_socket = trio.socket.socket(family)
+    trio_socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)
+    if local_address:
+        await trio_socket.bind(local_address)
+
+    try:
+        await trio_socket.connect((host, port))
+    except BaseException:
+        trio_socket.close()
+        raise
+
+    return SocketStream(trio_socket)
+
+
+async def connect_unix(path: str) -> UNIXSocketStream:
+    trio_socket = trio.socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX)
+    try:
+        await trio_socket.connect(path)
+    except BaseException:
+        trio_socket.close()
+        raise
+
+    return UNIXSocketStream(trio_socket)
+
+
+async def create_udp_socket(
+    family: socket.AddressFamily,
+    local_address: Optional[IPSockAddrType],
+    remote_address: Optional[IPSockAddrType],
+    reuse_port: bool
+) -> Union[UDPSocket, ConnectedUDPSocket]:
+    trio_socket = trio.socket.socket(family=family, type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+
+    if reuse_port:
+        trio_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEPORT, 1)
+
+    if local_address:
+        await trio_socket.bind(local_address)
+
+    if remote_address:
+        await trio_socket.connect(remote_address)
+        return ConnectedUDPSocket(trio_socket)
+    else:
+        return UDPSocket(trio_socket)
+
+
+getaddrinfo = trio.socket.getaddrinfo
+getnameinfo = trio.socket.getnameinfo
+
+
+async def wait_socket_readable(sock: socket.socket) -> None:
+    try:
+        await wait_readable(sock)
+    except trio.ClosedResourceError as exc:
+        raise ClosedResourceError().with_traceback(exc.__traceback__) from None
+    except trio.BusyResourceError:
+        raise BusyResourceError('reading from') from None
+
+
+async def wait_socket_writable(sock: socket.socket) -> None:
+    try:
+        await wait_writable(sock)
+    except trio.ClosedResourceError as exc:
+        raise ClosedResourceError().with_traceback(exc.__traceback__) from None
+    except trio.BusyResourceError:
+        raise BusyResourceError('writing to') from None
+
+
+#
+# Synchronization
+#
+
+class Event(BaseEvent):
+    def __new__(cls) -> 'Event':
+        return object.__new__(cls)
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.__original = trio.Event()
+
+    def is_set(self) -> bool:
+        return self.__original.is_set()
+
+    async def wait(self) -> None:
+        return await self.__original.wait()
+
+    def statistics(self) -> EventStatistics:
+        orig_statistics = self.__original.statistics()
+        return EventStatistics(tasks_waiting=orig_statistics.tasks_waiting)
+
+    def set(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        self.__original.set()
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.set)
+
+
+class CapacityLimiter(BaseCapacityLimiter):
+    def __new__(cls, *args: object, **kwargs: object) -> "CapacityLimiter":
+        return object.__new__(cls)
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: Any, original: Optional[trio.CapacityLimiter] = None) -> None:
+        self.__original = original or trio.CapacityLimiter(*args)
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> None:
+        return await self.__original.__aenter__()
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return await self.__original.__aexit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
+
+    @property
+    def total_tokens(self) -> float:
+        return self.__original.total_tokens
+
+    @total_tokens.setter
+    def total_tokens(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.__original.total_tokens = value
+
+    @property
+    def borrowed_tokens(self) -> int:
+        return self.__original.borrowed_tokens
+
+    @property
+    def available_tokens(self) -> float:
+        return self.__original.available_tokens
+
+    def acquire_nowait(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        self.__original.acquire_nowait()
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.acquire_nowait)
+
+    def acquire_on_behalf_of_nowait(self, borrower: object) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        self.__original.acquire_on_behalf_of_nowait(borrower)
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.acquire_on_behalf_of_nowait)
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        await self.__original.acquire()
+
+    async def acquire_on_behalf_of(self, borrower: object) -> None:
+        await self.__original.acquire_on_behalf_of(borrower)
+
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        return self.__original.release()
+
+    def release_on_behalf_of(self, borrower: object) -> None:
+        return self.__original.release_on_behalf_of(borrower)
+
+    def statistics(self) -> CapacityLimiterStatistics:
+        orig = self.__original.statistics()
+        return CapacityLimiterStatistics(
+            borrowed_tokens=orig.borrowed_tokens, total_tokens=orig.total_tokens,
+            borrowers=orig.borrowers, tasks_waiting=orig.tasks_waiting)
+
+
+_capacity_limiter_wrapper: RunVar = RunVar('_capacity_limiter_wrapper')
+
+
+def current_default_thread_limiter() -> CapacityLimiter:
+    try:
+        return _capacity_limiter_wrapper.get()
+    except LookupError:
+        limiter = CapacityLimiter(original=trio.to_thread.current_default_thread_limiter())
+        _capacity_limiter_wrapper.set(limiter)
+        return limiter
+
+
+#
+# Signal handling
+#
+
+class _SignalReceiver(DeprecatedAsyncContextManager[T]):
+    def __init__(self, cm: ContextManager[T]):
+        self._cm = cm
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> T:
+        return self._cm.__enter__()
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return self._cm.__exit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
+
+
+def open_signal_receiver(*signals: Signals) -> _SignalReceiver:
+    cm = trio.open_signal_receiver(*signals)
+    return _SignalReceiver(cm)
+
+#
+# Testing and debugging
+#
+
+
+def get_current_task() -> TaskInfo:
+    task = trio_lowlevel.current_task()
+
+    parent_id = None
+    if task.parent_nursery and task.parent_nursery.parent_task:
+        parent_id = id(task.parent_nursery.parent_task)
+
+    return TaskInfo(id(task), parent_id, task.name, task.coro)
+
+
+def get_running_tasks() -> List[TaskInfo]:
+    root_task = trio_lowlevel.current_root_task()
+    task_infos = [TaskInfo(id(root_task), None, root_task.name, root_task.coro)]
+    nurseries = root_task.child_nurseries
+    while nurseries:
+        new_nurseries: List[trio.Nursery] = []
+        for nursery in nurseries:
+            for task in nursery.child_tasks:
+                task_infos.append(
+                    TaskInfo(id(task), id(nursery.parent_task), task.name, task.coro))
+                new_nurseries.extend(task.child_nurseries)
+
+        nurseries = new_nurseries
+
+    return task_infos
+
+
+def wait_all_tasks_blocked() -> Awaitable[None]:
+    import trio.testing
+    return trio.testing.wait_all_tasks_blocked()
+
+
+class TestRunner(abc.TestRunner):
+    def __init__(self, **options: Any) -> None:
+        from collections import deque
+        from queue import Queue
+
+        self._call_queue: "Queue[Callable[..., object]]" = Queue()
+        self._result_queue: Deque[Outcome] = deque()
+        self._stop_event: Optional[trio.Event] = None
+        self._nursery: Optional[trio.Nursery] = None
+        self._options = options
+
+    async def _trio_main(self) -> None:
+        self._stop_event = trio.Event()
+        async with trio.open_nursery() as self._nursery:
+            await self._stop_event.wait()
+
+    async def _call_func(self, func: Callable[..., Awaitable[object]],
+                         args: tuple, kwargs: dict) -> None:
+        try:
+            retval = await func(*args, **kwargs)
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            self._result_queue.append(Error(exc))
+        else:
+            self._result_queue.append(Value(retval))
+
+    def _main_task_finished(self, outcome: object) -> None:
+        self._nursery = None
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._stop_event:
+            self._stop_event.set()
+            while self._nursery is not None:
+                self._call_queue.get()()
+
+    def call(self, func: Callable[..., Awaitable[T_Retval]],
+             *args: object, **kwargs: object) -> T_Retval:
+        if self._nursery is None:
+            trio.lowlevel.start_guest_run(
+                self._trio_main, run_sync_soon_threadsafe=self._call_queue.put,
+                done_callback=self._main_task_finished, **self._options)
+            while self._nursery is None:
+                self._call_queue.get()()
+
+        self._nursery.start_soon(self._call_func, func, args, kwargs)
+        while not self._result_queue:
+            self._call_queue.get()()
+
+        outcome = self._result_queue.pop()
+        return outcome.unwrap()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a0cfd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
+from contextlib import AbstractContextManager
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING, Any, AsyncContextManager, Callable, ContextManager, Generator, Generic,
+    Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, Union, overload)
+from warnings import warn
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ._testing import TaskInfo
+else:
+    TaskInfo = object
+
+T = TypeVar('T')
+AnyDeprecatedAwaitable = Union['DeprecatedAwaitable', 'DeprecatedAwaitableFloat',
+                               'DeprecatedAwaitableList[T]', TaskInfo]
+
+
+@overload
+async def maybe_async(__obj: TaskInfo) -> TaskInfo:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+async def maybe_async(__obj: 'DeprecatedAwaitableFloat') -> float:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+async def maybe_async(__obj: 'DeprecatedAwaitableList[T]') -> List[T]:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+async def maybe_async(__obj: 'DeprecatedAwaitable') -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+async def maybe_async(__obj: 'AnyDeprecatedAwaitable[T]') -> Union[TaskInfo, float, List[T], None]:
+    """
+    Await on the given object if necessary.
+
+    This function is intended to bridge the gap between AnyIO 2.x and 3.x where some functions and
+    methods were converted from coroutine functions into regular functions.
+
+    Do **not** try to use this for any other purpose!
+
+    :return: the result of awaiting on the object if coroutine, or the object itself otherwise
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.2
+
+    """
+    return __obj._unwrap()
+
+
+class _ContextManagerWrapper:
+    def __init__(self, cm: ContextManager[T]):
+        self._cm = cm
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> T:
+        return self._cm.__enter__()
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return self._cm.__exit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
+
+
+def maybe_async_cm(cm: Union[ContextManager[T], AsyncContextManager[T]]) -> AsyncContextManager[T]:
+    """
+    Wrap a regular context manager as an async one if necessary.
+
+    This function is intended to bridge the gap between AnyIO 2.x and 3.x where some functions and
+    methods were changed to return regular context managers instead of async ones.
+
+    :param cm: a regular or async context manager
+    :return: an async context manager
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.2
+
+    """
+    if not isinstance(cm, AbstractContextManager):
+        raise TypeError('Given object is not an context manager')
+
+    return _ContextManagerWrapper(cm)
+
+
+def _warn_deprecation(awaitable: 'AnyDeprecatedAwaitable[Any]', stacklevel: int = 1) -> None:
+    warn(f'Awaiting on {awaitable._name}() is deprecated. Use "await '
+         f'anyio.maybe_async({awaitable._name}(...)) if you have to support both AnyIO 2.x '
+         f'and 3.x, or just remove the "await" if you are completely migrating to AnyIO 3+.',
+         DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=stacklevel + 1)
+
+
+class DeprecatedAwaitable:
+    def __init__(self, func: Callable[..., 'DeprecatedAwaitable']):
+        self._name = f'{func.__module__}.{func.__qualname__}'
+
+    def __await__(self) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+        _warn_deprecation(self)
+        if False:
+            yield
+
+    def __reduce__(self) -> Tuple[Type[None], Tuple[()]]:
+        return type(None), ()
+
+    def _unwrap(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+
+class DeprecatedAwaitableFloat(float):
+    def __new__(
+        cls, x: float, func: Callable[..., 'DeprecatedAwaitableFloat']
+    ) -> 'DeprecatedAwaitableFloat':
+        return super().__new__(cls, x)
+
+    def __init__(self, x: float, func: Callable[..., 'DeprecatedAwaitableFloat']):
+        self._name = f'{func.__module__}.{func.__qualname__}'
+
+    def __await__(self) -> Generator[None, None, float]:
+        _warn_deprecation(self)
+        if False:
+            yield
+
+        return float(self)
+
+    def __reduce__(self) -> Tuple[Type[float], Tuple[float]]:
+        return float, (float(self),)
+
+    def _unwrap(self) -> float:
+        return float(self)
+
+
+class DeprecatedAwaitableList(List[T]):
+    def __init__(self, iterable: Iterable[T] = (), *,
+                 func: Callable[..., 'DeprecatedAwaitableList[T]']):
+        super().__init__(iterable)
+        self._name = f'{func.__module__}.{func.__qualname__}'
+
+    def __await__(self) -> Generator[None, None, List[T]]:
+        _warn_deprecation(self)
+        if False:
+            yield
+
+        return list(self)
+
+    def __reduce__(self) -> Tuple[Type[List[T]], Tuple[List[T]]]:
+        return list, (list(self),)
+
+    def _unwrap(self) -> List[T]:
+        return list(self)
+
+
+class DeprecatedAsyncContextManager(Generic[T], metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __enter__(self) -> T:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        pass
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> T:
+        warn(f'Using {self.__class__.__name__} as an async context manager has been deprecated. '
+             f'Use "async with anyio.maybe_async_cm(yourcontextmanager) as foo:" if you have to '
+             f'support both AnyIO 2.x and 3.x, or just remove the "async" from "async with" if '
+             f'you are completely migrating to AnyIO 3+.', DeprecationWarning)
+        return self.__enter__()
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return self.__exit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_eventloop.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_eventloop.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9de0a84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_eventloop.py
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+import math
+import sys
+import threading
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from importlib import import_module
+from typing import Any, Callable, Coroutine, Dict, Generator, Optional, Tuple, Type, TypeVar
+
+import sniffio
+
+# This must be updated when new backends are introduced
+from ._compat import DeprecatedAwaitableFloat
+
+BACKENDS = 'asyncio', 'trio'
+
+T_Retval = TypeVar('T_Retval')
+threadlocals = threading.local()
+
+
+def run(func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval]], *args: object,
+        backend: str = 'asyncio', backend_options: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None) -> T_Retval:
+    """
+    Run the given coroutine function in an asynchronous event loop.
+
+    The current thread must not be already running an event loop.
+
+    :param func: a coroutine function
+    :param args: positional arguments to ``func``
+    :param backend: name of the asynchronous event loop implementation – currently either
+        ``asyncio`` or ``trio``
+    :param backend_options: keyword arguments to call the backend ``run()`` implementation with
+        (documented :ref:`here <backend options>`)
+    :return: the return value of the coroutine function
+    :raises RuntimeError: if an asynchronous event loop is already running in this thread
+    :raises LookupError: if the named backend is not found
+
+    """
+    try:
+        asynclib_name = sniffio.current_async_library()
+    except sniffio.AsyncLibraryNotFoundError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError(f'Already running {asynclib_name} in this thread')
+
+    try:
+        asynclib = import_module(f'..._backends._{backend}', package=__name__)
+    except ImportError as exc:
+        raise LookupError(f'No such backend: {backend}') from exc
+
+    token = None
+    if sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.get(None) is None:
+        # Since we're in control of the event loop, we can cache the name of the async library
+        token = sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.set(backend)
+
+    try:
+        backend_options = backend_options or {}
+        return asynclib.run(func, *args, **backend_options)
+    finally:
+        if token:
+            sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.reset(token)
+
+
+async def sleep(delay: float) -> None:
+    """
+    Pause the current task for the specified duration.
+
+    :param delay: the duration, in seconds
+
+    """
+    return await get_asynclib().sleep(delay)
+
+
+async def sleep_forever() -> None:
+    """
+    Pause the current task until it's cancelled.
+
+    This is a shortcut for ``sleep(math.inf)``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.1
+
+    """
+    await sleep(math.inf)
+
+
+async def sleep_until(deadline: float) -> None:
+    """
+    Pause the current task until the given time.
+
+    :param deadline: the absolute time to wake up at (according to the internal monotonic clock of
+        the event loop)
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.1
+
+    """
+    now = current_time()
+    await sleep(max(deadline - now, 0))
+
+
+def current_time() -> DeprecatedAwaitableFloat:
+    """
+    Return the current value of the event loop's internal clock.
+
+    :return: the clock value (seconds)
+
+    """
+    return DeprecatedAwaitableFloat(get_asynclib().current_time(), current_time)
+
+
+def get_all_backends() -> Tuple[str, ...]:
+    """Return a tuple of the names of all built-in backends."""
+    return BACKENDS
+
+
+def get_cancelled_exc_class() -> Type[BaseException]:
+    """Return the current async library's cancellation exception class."""
+    return get_asynclib().CancelledError
+
+
+#
+# Private API
+#
+
+@contextmanager
+def claim_worker_thread(backend: str) -> Generator[Any, None, None]:
+    module = sys.modules['anyio._backends._' + backend]
+    threadlocals.current_async_module = module
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        del threadlocals.current_async_module
+
+
+def get_asynclib(asynclib_name: Optional[str] = None) -> Any:
+    if asynclib_name is None:
+        asynclib_name = sniffio.current_async_library()
+
+    modulename = 'anyio._backends._' + asynclib_name
+    try:
+        return sys.modules[modulename]
+    except KeyError:
+        return import_module(modulename)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06db05d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+from traceback import format_exception
+from typing import List
+
+
+class BrokenResourceError(Exception):
+    """
+    Raised when trying to use a resource that has been rendered unusable due to external causes
+    (e.g. a send stream whose peer has disconnected).
+    """
+
+
+class BrokenWorkerProcess(Exception):
+    """
+    Raised by :func:`run_sync_in_process` if the worker process terminates abruptly or otherwise
+    misbehaves.
+    """
+
+
+class BusyResourceError(Exception):
+    """Raised when two tasks are trying to read from or write to the same resource concurrently."""
+
+    def __init__(self, action: str):
+        super().__init__(f'Another task is already {action} this resource')
+
+
+class ClosedResourceError(Exception):
+    """Raised when trying to use a resource that has been closed."""
+
+
+class DelimiterNotFound(Exception):
+    """
+    Raised during :meth:`~anyio.streams.buffered.BufferedByteReceiveStream.receive_until` if the
+    maximum number of bytes has been read without the delimiter being found.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, max_bytes: int) -> None:
+        super().__init__(f'The delimiter was not found among the first {max_bytes} bytes')
+
+
+class EndOfStream(Exception):
+    """Raised when trying to read from a stream that has been closed from the other end."""
+
+
+class ExceptionGroup(BaseException):
+    """
+    Raised when multiple exceptions have been raised in a task group.
+
+    :var ~typing.Sequence[BaseException] exceptions: the sequence of exceptions raised together
+    """
+
+    SEPARATOR = '----------------------------\n'
+
+    exceptions: List[BaseException]
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        tracebacks = [''.join(format_exception(type(exc), exc, exc.__traceback__))
+                      for exc in self.exceptions]
+        return f'{len(self.exceptions)} exceptions were raised in the task group:\n' \
+               f'{self.SEPARATOR}{self.SEPARATOR.join(tracebacks)}'
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        exception_reprs = ', '.join(repr(exc) for exc in self.exceptions)
+        return f'<{self.__class__.__name__}: {exception_reprs}>'
+
+
+class IncompleteRead(Exception):
+    """
+    Raised during :meth:`~anyio.streams.buffered.BufferedByteReceiveStream.receive_exactly` or
+    :meth:`~anyio.streams.buffered.BufferedByteReceiveStream.receive_until` if the
+    connection is closed before the requested amount of bytes has been read.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__('The stream was closed before the read operation could be completed')
+
+
+class TypedAttributeLookupError(LookupError):
+    """
+    Raised by :meth:`~anyio.TypedAttributeProvider.extra` when the given typed attribute is not
+    found and no default value has been given.
+    """
+
+
+class WouldBlock(Exception):
+    """Raised by ``X_nowait`` functions if ``X()`` would block."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_fileio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_fileio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2aee21a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_fileio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+import os
+import pathlib
+import sys
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from functools import partial
+from os import PathLike
+from typing import (
+    IO, TYPE_CHECKING, Any, AnyStr, AsyncIterator, Callable, Generic, Iterable, Iterator, List,
+    Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Union, cast, overload)
+
+from .. import to_thread
+from ..abc import AsyncResource
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Final
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import Final
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed import OpenBinaryMode, OpenTextMode, ReadableBuffer, WriteableBuffer
+else:
+    ReadableBuffer = OpenBinaryMode = OpenTextMode = WriteableBuffer = object
+
+
+class AsyncFile(AsyncResource, Generic[AnyStr]):
+    """
+    An asynchronous file object.
+
+    This class wraps a standard file object and provides async friendly versions of the following
+    blocking methods (where available on the original file object):
+
+    * read
+    * read1
+    * readline
+    * readlines
+    * readinto
+    * readinto1
+    * write
+    * writelines
+    * truncate
+    * seek
+    * tell
+    * flush
+
+    All other methods are directly passed through.
+
+    This class supports the asynchronous context manager protocol which closes the underlying file
+    at the end of the context block.
+
+    This class also supports asynchronous iteration::
+
+        async with await open_file(...) as f:
+            async for line in f:
+                print(line)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, fp: IO[AnyStr]) -> None:
+        self._fp: Any = fp
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> object:
+        return getattr(self._fp, name)
+
+    @property
+    def wrapped(self) -> IO[AnyStr]:
+        """The wrapped file object."""
+        return self._fp
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[AnyStr]:
+        while True:
+            line = await self.readline()
+            if line:
+                yield line
+            else:
+                break
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.close)
+
+    async def read(self, size: int = -1) -> AnyStr:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.read, size)
+
+    async def read1(self: 'AsyncFile[bytes]', size: int = -1) -> bytes:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.read1, size)
+
+    async def readline(self) -> AnyStr:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.readline)
+
+    async def readlines(self) -> List[AnyStr]:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.readlines)
+
+    async def readinto(self: 'AsyncFile[bytes]', b: WriteableBuffer) -> bytes:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.readinto, b)
+
+    async def readinto1(self: 'AsyncFile[bytes]', b: WriteableBuffer) -> bytes:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.readinto1, b)
+
+    @overload
+    async def write(self: 'AsyncFile[bytes]', b: ReadableBuffer) -> int: ...
+
+    @overload
+    async def write(self: 'AsyncFile[str]', b: str) -> int: ...
+
+    async def write(self, b: Union[ReadableBuffer, str]) -> int:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.write, b)
+
+    @overload
+    async def writelines(self: 'AsyncFile[bytes]', lines: Iterable[ReadableBuffer]) -> None: ...
+
+    @overload
+    async def writelines(self: 'AsyncFile[str]', lines: Iterable[str]) -> None: ...
+
+    async def writelines(self, lines: Union[Iterable[ReadableBuffer], Iterable[str]]) -> None:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.writelines, lines)
+
+    async def truncate(self, size: Optional[int] = None) -> int:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.truncate, size)
+
+    async def seek(self, offset: int, whence: Optional[int] = os.SEEK_SET) -> int:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.seek, offset, whence)
+
+    async def tell(self) -> int:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.tell)
+
+    async def flush(self) -> None:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._fp.flush)
+
+
+@overload
+async def open_file(file: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]', int], mode: OpenBinaryMode,
+                    buffering: int = ..., encoding: Optional[str] = ...,
+                    errors: Optional[str] = ..., newline: Optional[str] = ..., closefd: bool = ...,
+                    opener: Optional[Callable[[str, int], int]] = ...) -> AsyncFile[bytes]:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+async def open_file(file: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]', int], mode: OpenTextMode = ...,
+                    buffering: int = ..., encoding: Optional[str] = ...,
+                    errors: Optional[str] = ..., newline: Optional[str] = ..., closefd: bool = ...,
+                    opener: Optional[Callable[[str, int], int]] = ...) -> AsyncFile[str]:
+    ...
+
+
+async def open_file(file: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]', int], mode: str = 'r', buffering: int = -1,
+                    encoding: Optional[str] = None, errors: Optional[str] = None,
+                    newline: Optional[str] = None, closefd: bool = True,
+                    opener: Optional[Callable[[str, int], int]] = None) -> AsyncFile[Any]:
+    """
+    Open a file asynchronously.
+
+    The arguments are exactly the same as for the builtin :func:`open`.
+
+    :return: an asynchronous file object
+
+    """
+    fp = await to_thread.run_sync(open, file, mode, buffering, encoding, errors, newline,
+                                  closefd, opener)
+    return AsyncFile(fp)
+
+
+def wrap_file(file: IO[AnyStr]) -> AsyncFile[AnyStr]:
+    """
+    Wrap an existing file as an asynchronous file.
+
+    :param file: an existing file-like object
+    :return: an asynchronous file object
+
+    """
+    return AsyncFile(file)
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class _PathIterator(AsyncIterator['Path']):
+    iterator: Iterator['PathLike[str]']
+
+    async def __anext__(self) -> 'Path':
+        nextval = await to_thread.run_sync(next, self.iterator, None, cancellable=True)
+        if nextval is None:
+            raise StopAsyncIteration from None
+
+        return Path(cast('PathLike[str]', nextval))
+
+
+class Path:
+    """
+    An asynchronous version of :class:`pathlib.Path`.
+
+    This class cannot be substituted for :class:`pathlib.Path` or :class:`pathlib.PurePath`, but
+    it is compatible with the :class:`os.PathLike` interface.
+
+    It implements the Python 3.10 version of :class:`pathlib.Path` interface, except for the
+    deprecated :meth:`~pathlib.Path.link_to` method.
+
+    Any methods that do disk I/O need to be awaited on. These methods are:
+
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.absolute`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.chmod`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.cwd`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.exists`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.expanduser`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.group`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.hardlink_to`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.home`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_block_device`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_char_device`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_dir`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_fifo`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_file`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_mount`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.lchmod`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.lstat`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.mkdir`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.open`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.owner`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.read_bytes`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.read_text`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.readlink`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.rename`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.replace`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.rmdir`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.samefile`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.stat`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.touch`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.unlink`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.write_bytes`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.write_text`
+
+    Additionally, the following methods return an async iterator yielding :class:`~.Path` objects:
+
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.glob`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.iterdir`
+    * :meth:`~pathlib.Path.rglob`
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = '_path', '__weakref__'
+
+    __weakref__: Any
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]']) -> None:
+        self._path: Final[pathlib.Path] = pathlib.Path(*args)
+
+    def __fspath__(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.__fspath__()
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.__str__()
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f'{self.__class__.__name__}({self.as_posix()!r})'
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._path.__bytes__()
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return self._path.__hash__()
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        target = other._path if isinstance(other, Path) else other
+        return self._path.__eq__(target)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: 'Path') -> bool:
+        target = other._path if isinstance(other, Path) else other
+        return self._path.__lt__(target)
+
+    def __le__(self, other: 'Path') -> bool:
+        target = other._path if isinstance(other, Path) else other
+        return self._path.__le__(target)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: 'Path') -> bool:
+        target = other._path if isinstance(other, Path) else other
+        return self._path.__gt__(target)
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: 'Path') -> bool:
+        target = other._path if isinstance(other, Path) else other
+        return self._path.__ge__(target)
+
+    def __truediv__(self, other: Any) -> 'Path':
+        return Path(self._path / other)
+
+    def __rtruediv__(self, other: Any) -> 'Path':
+        return Path(other) / self
+
+    @property
+    def parts(self) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
+        return self._path.parts
+
+    @property
+    def drive(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.drive
+
+    @property
+    def root(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.root
+
+    @property
+    def anchor(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.anchor
+
+    @property
+    def parents(self) -> Sequence['Path']:
+        return tuple(Path(p) for p in self._path.parents)
+
+    @property
+    def parent(self) -> 'Path':
+        return Path(self._path.parent)
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.name
+
+    @property
+    def suffix(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.suffix
+
+    @property
+    def suffixes(self) -> List[str]:
+        return self._path.suffixes
+
+    @property
+    def stem(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.stem
+
+    async def absolute(self) -> 'Path':
+        path = await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.absolute)
+        return Path(path)
+
+    def as_posix(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.as_posix()
+
+    def as_uri(self) -> str:
+        return self._path.as_uri()
+
+    def match(self, path_pattern: str) -> bool:
+        return self._path.match(path_pattern)
+
+    def is_relative_to(self, *other: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]']) -> bool:
+        try:
+            self.relative_to(*other)
+            return True
+        except ValueError:
+            return False
+
+    async def chmod(self, mode: int, *, follow_symlinks: bool = True) -> None:
+        func = partial(os.chmod, follow_symlinks=follow_symlinks)
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(func, self._path, mode)
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def cwd(cls) -> 'Path':
+        path = await to_thread.run_sync(pathlib.Path.cwd)
+        return cls(path)
+
+    async def exists(self) -> bool:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.exists, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def expanduser(self) -> 'Path':
+        return Path(await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.expanduser, cancellable=True))
+
+    def glob(self, pattern: str) -> AsyncIterator['Path']:
+        gen = self._path.glob(pattern)
+        return _PathIterator(gen)
+
+    async def group(self) -> str:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.group, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def hardlink_to(self, target: Union[str, pathlib.Path, 'Path']) -> None:
+        if isinstance(target, Path):
+            target = target._path
+
+        await to_thread.run_sync(os.link, target, self)
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def home(cls) -> 'Path':
+        home_path = await to_thread.run_sync(pathlib.Path.home)
+        return cls(home_path)
+
+    def is_absolute(self) -> bool:
+        return self._path.is_absolute()
+
+    async def is_block_device(self) -> bool:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.is_block_device, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def is_char_device(self) -> bool:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.is_char_device, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def is_dir(self) -> bool:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.is_dir, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def is_fifo(self) -> bool:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.is_fifo, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def is_file(self) -> bool:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.is_file, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def is_mount(self) -> bool:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(os.path.ismount, self._path, cancellable=True)
+
+    def is_reserved(self) -> bool:
+        return self._path.is_reserved()
+
+    async def is_socket(self) -> bool:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.is_socket, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def is_symlink(self) -> bool:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.is_symlink, cancellable=True)
+
+    def iterdir(self) -> AsyncIterator['Path']:
+        gen = self._path.iterdir()
+        return _PathIterator(gen)
+
+    def joinpath(self, *args: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]']) -> 'Path':
+        return Path(self._path.joinpath(*args))
+
+    async def lchmod(self, mode: int) -> None:
+        await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.lchmod, mode)
+
+    async def lstat(self) -> os.stat_result:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.lstat, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def mkdir(self, mode: int = 0o777, parents: bool = False,
+                    exist_ok: bool = False) -> None:
+        await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.mkdir, mode, parents, exist_ok)
+
+    @overload
+    async def open(self, mode: OpenBinaryMode, buffering: int = ..., encoding: Optional[str] = ...,
+                   errors: Optional[str] = ..., newline: Optional[str] = ...) -> AsyncFile[bytes]:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    async def open(self, mode: OpenTextMode = ..., buffering: int = ...,
+                   encoding: Optional[str] = ..., errors: Optional[str] = ...,
+                   newline: Optional[str] = ...) -> AsyncFile[str]:
+        ...
+
+    async def open(self, mode: str = 'r', buffering: int = -1, encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+                   errors: Optional[str] = None, newline: Optional[str] = None) -> AsyncFile[Any]:
+        fp = await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.open, mode, buffering, encoding, errors, newline)
+        return AsyncFile(fp)
+
+    async def owner(self) -> str:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.owner, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def read_bytes(self) -> bytes:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.read_bytes)
+
+    async def read_text(self, encoding: Optional[str] = None, errors: Optional[str] = None) -> str:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.read_text, encoding, errors)
+
+    def relative_to(self, *other: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]']) -> 'Path':
+        return Path(self._path.relative_to(*other))
+
+    async def readlink(self) -> 'Path':
+        target = await to_thread.run_sync(os.readlink, self._path)
+        return Path(cast(str, target))
+
+    async def rename(self, target: Union[str, pathlib.PurePath, 'Path']) -> 'Path':
+        if isinstance(target, Path):
+            target = target._path
+
+        await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.rename, target)
+        return Path(target)
+
+    async def replace(self, target: Union[str, pathlib.PurePath, 'Path']) -> 'Path':
+        if isinstance(target, Path):
+            target = target._path
+
+        await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.replace, target)
+        return Path(target)
+
+    async def resolve(self, strict: bool = False) -> 'Path':
+        func = partial(self._path.resolve, strict=strict)
+        return Path(await to_thread.run_sync(func, cancellable=True))
+
+    def rglob(self, pattern: str) -> AsyncIterator['Path']:
+        gen = self._path.rglob(pattern)
+        return _PathIterator(gen)
+
+    async def rmdir(self) -> None:
+        await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.rmdir)
+
+    async def samefile(self, other_path: Union[str, bytes, int, pathlib.Path, 'Path']) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other_path, Path):
+            other_path = other_path._path
+
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.samefile, other_path, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def stat(self, *, follow_symlinks: bool = True) -> os.stat_result:
+        func = partial(os.stat, follow_symlinks=follow_symlinks)
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(func, self._path, cancellable=True)
+
+    async def symlink_to(self, target: Union[str, pathlib.Path, 'Path'],
+                         target_is_directory: bool = False) -> None:
+        if isinstance(target, Path):
+            target = target._path
+
+        await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.symlink_to, target, target_is_directory)
+
+    async def touch(self, mode: int = 0o666, exist_ok: bool = True) -> None:
+        await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.touch, mode, exist_ok)
+
+    async def unlink(self, missing_ok: bool = False) -> None:
+        try:
+            await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.unlink)
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            if not missing_ok:
+                raise
+
+    def with_name(self, name: str) -> 'Path':
+        return Path(self._path.with_name(name))
+
+    def with_stem(self, stem: str) -> 'Path':
+        return Path(self._path.with_name(stem + self._path.suffix))
+
+    def with_suffix(self, suffix: str) -> 'Path':
+        return Path(self._path.with_suffix(suffix))
+
+    async def write_bytes(self, data: bytes) -> int:
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._path.write_bytes, data)
+
+    async def write_text(self, data: str, encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+                         errors: Optional[str] = None, newline: Optional[str] = None) -> int:
+        # Path.write_text() does not support the "newline" parameter before Python 3.10
+        def sync_write_text() -> int:
+            with self._path.open('w', encoding=encoding, errors=errors, newline=newline) as fp:
+                return fp.write(data)
+
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(sync_write_text)
+
+
+PathLike.register(Path)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_resources.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_resources.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9414f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_resources.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from ..abc import AsyncResource
+from ._tasks import CancelScope
+
+
+async def aclose_forcefully(resource: AsyncResource) -> None:
+    """
+    Close an asynchronous resource in a cancelled scope.
+
+    Doing this closes the resource without waiting on anything.
+
+    :param resource: the resource to close
+
+    """
+    with CancelScope() as scope:
+        scope.cancel()
+        await resource.aclose()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_signals.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_signals.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f761982
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_signals.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from typing import AsyncIterator
+
+from ._compat import DeprecatedAsyncContextManager
+from ._eventloop import get_asynclib
+
+
+def open_signal_receiver(*signals: int) -> DeprecatedAsyncContextManager[AsyncIterator[int]]:
+    """
+    Start receiving operating system signals.
+
+    :param signals: signals to receive (e.g. ``signal.SIGINT``)
+    :return: an asynchronous context manager for an asynchronous iterator which yields signal
+        numbers
+
+    .. warning:: Windows does not support signals natively so it is best to avoid relying on this
+        in cross-platform applications.
+
+    .. warning:: On asyncio, this permanently replaces any previous signal handler for the given
+        signals, as set via :meth:`~asyncio.loop.add_signal_handler`.
+
+    """
+    return get_asynclib().open_signal_receiver(*signals)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_sockets.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_sockets.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c086edc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_sockets.py
@@ -0,0 +1,506 @@
+import socket
+import ssl
+import sys
+from ipaddress import IPv6Address, ip_address
+from os import PathLike, chmod
+from pathlib import Path
+from socket import AddressFamily, SocketKind
+from typing import Awaitable, List, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast, overload
+
+from .. import to_thread
+from ..abc import (
+    ConnectedUDPSocket, IPAddressType, IPSockAddrType, SocketListener, SocketStream, UDPSocket,
+    UNIXSocketStream)
+from ..streams.stapled import MultiListener
+from ..streams.tls import TLSStream
+from ._eventloop import get_asynclib
+from ._resources import aclose_forcefully
+from ._synchronization import Event
+from ._tasks import create_task_group, move_on_after
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Literal
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import Literal
+
+IPPROTO_IPV6 = getattr(socket, 'IPPROTO_IPV6', 41)  # https://bugs.python.org/issue29515
+
+GetAddrInfoReturnType = List[Tuple[AddressFamily, SocketKind, int, str, Tuple[str, int]]]
+AnyIPAddressFamily = Literal[AddressFamily.AF_UNSPEC, AddressFamily.AF_INET,
+                             AddressFamily.AF_INET6]
+IPAddressFamily = Literal[AddressFamily.AF_INET, AddressFamily.AF_INET6]
+
+
+# tls_hostname given
+@overload
+async def connect_tcp(
+    remote_host: IPAddressType, remote_port: int, *, local_host: Optional[IPAddressType] = ...,
+    ssl_context: Optional[ssl.SSLContext] = ..., tls_standard_compatible: bool = ...,
+    tls_hostname: str, happy_eyeballs_delay: float = ...
+) -> TLSStream:
+    ...
+
+
+# ssl_context given
+@overload
+async def connect_tcp(
+    remote_host: IPAddressType, remote_port: int, *, local_host: Optional[IPAddressType] = ...,
+    ssl_context: ssl.SSLContext, tls_standard_compatible: bool = ...,
+    tls_hostname: Optional[str] = ..., happy_eyeballs_delay: float = ...
+) -> TLSStream:
+    ...
+
+
+# tls=True
+@overload
+async def connect_tcp(
+    remote_host: IPAddressType, remote_port: int, *, local_host: Optional[IPAddressType] = ...,
+    tls: Literal[True], ssl_context: Optional[ssl.SSLContext] = ...,
+    tls_standard_compatible: bool = ..., tls_hostname: Optional[str] = ...,
+    happy_eyeballs_delay: float = ...
+) -> TLSStream:
+    ...
+
+
+# tls=False
+@overload
+async def connect_tcp(
+    remote_host: IPAddressType, remote_port: int, *, local_host: Optional[IPAddressType] = ...,
+    tls: Literal[False], ssl_context: Optional[ssl.SSLContext] = ...,
+    tls_standard_compatible: bool = ..., tls_hostname: Optional[str] = ...,
+    happy_eyeballs_delay: float = ...
+) -> SocketStream:
+    ...
+
+
+# No TLS arguments
+@overload
+async def connect_tcp(
+    remote_host: IPAddressType, remote_port: int, *, local_host: Optional[IPAddressType] = ...,
+    happy_eyeballs_delay: float = ...
+) -> SocketStream:
+    ...
+
+
+async def connect_tcp(
+    remote_host: IPAddressType, remote_port: int, *, local_host: Optional[IPAddressType] = None,
+    tls: bool = False, ssl_context: Optional[ssl.SSLContext] = None,
+    tls_standard_compatible: bool = True, tls_hostname: Optional[str] = None,
+    happy_eyeballs_delay: float = 0.25
+) -> Union[SocketStream, TLSStream]:
+    """
+    Connect to a host using the TCP protocol.
+
+    This function implements the stateless version of the Happy Eyeballs algorithm (RFC 6555).
+    If ``address`` is a host name that resolves to multiple IP addresses, each one is tried until
+    one connection attempt succeeds. If the first attempt does not connected within 250
+    milliseconds, a second attempt is started using the next address in the list, and so on.
+    On IPv6 enabled systems, an IPv6 address (if available) is tried first.
+
+    When the connection has been established, a TLS handshake will be done if either
+    ``ssl_context`` or ``tls_hostname`` is not ``None``, or if ``tls`` is ``True``.
+
+    :param remote_host: the IP address or host name to connect to
+    :param remote_port: port on the target host to connect to
+    :param local_host: the interface address or name to bind the socket to before connecting
+    :param tls: ``True`` to do a TLS handshake with the connected stream and return a
+        :class:`~anyio.streams.tls.TLSStream` instead
+    :param ssl_context: the SSL context object to use (if omitted, a default context is created)
+    :param tls_standard_compatible: If ``True``, performs the TLS shutdown handshake before closing
+        the stream and requires that the server does this as well. Otherwise,
+        :exc:`~ssl.SSLEOFError` may be raised during reads from the stream.
+        Some protocols, such as HTTP, require this option to be ``False``.
+        See :meth:`~ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket` for details.
+    :param tls_hostname: host name to check the server certificate against (defaults to the value
+        of ``remote_host``)
+    :param happy_eyeballs_delay: delay (in seconds) before starting the next connection attempt
+    :return: a socket stream object if no TLS handshake was done, otherwise a TLS stream
+    :raises OSError: if the connection attempt fails
+
+    """
+    # Placed here due to https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/7057
+    connected_stream: Optional[SocketStream] = None
+
+    async def try_connect(remote_host: str, event: Event) -> None:
+        nonlocal connected_stream
+        try:
+            stream = await asynclib.connect_tcp(remote_host, remote_port, local_address)
+        except OSError as exc:
+            oserrors.append(exc)
+            return
+        else:
+            if connected_stream is None:
+                connected_stream = stream
+                tg.cancel_scope.cancel()
+            else:
+                await stream.aclose()
+        finally:
+            event.set()
+
+    asynclib = get_asynclib()
+    local_address: Optional[IPSockAddrType] = None
+    family = socket.AF_UNSPEC
+    if local_host:
+        gai_res = await getaddrinfo(str(local_host), None)
+        family, *_, local_address = gai_res[0]
+
+    target_host = str(remote_host)
+    try:
+        addr_obj = ip_address(remote_host)
+    except ValueError:
+        # getaddrinfo() will raise an exception if name resolution fails
+        gai_res = await getaddrinfo(target_host, remote_port, family=family,
+                                    type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+
+        # Organize the list so that the first address is an IPv6 address (if available) and the
+        # second one is an IPv4 addresses. The rest can be in whatever order.
+        v6_found = v4_found = False
+        target_addrs: List[Tuple[socket.AddressFamily, str]] = []
+        for af, *rest, sa in gai_res:
+            if af == socket.AF_INET6 and not v6_found:
+                v6_found = True
+                target_addrs.insert(0, (af, sa[0]))
+            elif af == socket.AF_INET and not v4_found and v6_found:
+                v4_found = True
+                target_addrs.insert(1, (af, sa[0]))
+            else:
+                target_addrs.append((af, sa[0]))
+    else:
+        if isinstance(addr_obj, IPv6Address):
+            target_addrs = [(socket.AF_INET6, addr_obj.compressed)]
+        else:
+            target_addrs = [(socket.AF_INET, addr_obj.compressed)]
+
+    oserrors: List[OSError] = []
+    async with create_task_group() as tg:
+        for i, (af, addr) in enumerate(target_addrs):
+            event = Event()
+            tg.start_soon(try_connect, addr, event)
+            with move_on_after(happy_eyeballs_delay):
+                await event.wait()
+
+    if connected_stream is None:
+        cause = oserrors[0] if len(oserrors) == 1 else asynclib.ExceptionGroup(oserrors)
+        raise OSError('All connection attempts failed') from cause
+
+    if tls or tls_hostname or ssl_context:
+        try:
+            return await TLSStream.wrap(connected_stream, server_side=False,
+                                        hostname=tls_hostname or str(remote_host),
+                                        ssl_context=ssl_context,
+                                        standard_compatible=tls_standard_compatible)
+        except BaseException:
+            await aclose_forcefully(connected_stream)
+            raise
+
+    return connected_stream
+
+
+async def connect_unix(path: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]']) -> UNIXSocketStream:
+    """
+    Connect to the given UNIX socket.
+
+    Not available on Windows.
+
+    :param path: path to the socket
+    :return: a socket stream object
+
+    """
+    path = str(Path(path))
+    return await get_asynclib().connect_unix(path)
+
+
+async def create_tcp_listener(
+    *, local_host: Optional[IPAddressType] = None, local_port: int = 0,
+    family: AnyIPAddressFamily = socket.AddressFamily.AF_UNSPEC, backlog: int = 65536,
+    reuse_port: bool = False
+) -> MultiListener[SocketStream]:
+    """
+    Create a TCP socket listener.
+
+    :param local_port: port number to listen on
+    :param local_host: IP address of the interface to listen on. If omitted, listen on all IPv4
+        and IPv6 interfaces. To listen on all interfaces on a specific address family, use
+        ``0.0.0.0`` for IPv4 or ``::`` for IPv6.
+    :param family: address family (used if ``interface`` was omitted)
+    :param backlog: maximum number of queued incoming connections (up to a maximum of 2**16, or
+        65536)
+    :param reuse_port: ``True`` to allow multiple sockets to bind to the same address/port
+        (not supported on Windows)
+    :return: a list of listener objects
+
+    """
+    asynclib = get_asynclib()
+    backlog = min(backlog, 65536)
+    local_host = str(local_host) if local_host is not None else None
+    gai_res = await getaddrinfo(local_host, local_port, family=family,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                                type=socket.SOCK_STREAM,
+                                flags=socket.AI_PASSIVE | socket.AI_ADDRCONFIG)
+    listeners: List[SocketListener] = []
+    try:
+        # The set() is here to work around a glibc bug:
+        # https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=14969
+        for fam, *_, sockaddr in sorted(set(gai_res)):
+            raw_socket = socket.socket(fam)
+            raw_socket.setblocking(False)
+
+            # For Windows, enable exclusive address use. For others, enable address reuse.
+            if sys.platform == 'win32':
+                raw_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_EXCLUSIVEADDRUSE, 1)
+            else:
+                raw_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
+
+            if reuse_port:
+                raw_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEPORT, 1)
+
+            # If only IPv6 was requested, disable dual stack operation
+            if fam == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raw_socket.setsockopt(IPPROTO_IPV6, socket.IPV6_V6ONLY, 1)
+
+            raw_socket.bind(sockaddr)
+            raw_socket.listen(backlog)
+            listener = asynclib.TCPSocketListener(raw_socket)
+            listeners.append(listener)
+    except BaseException:
+        for listener in listeners:
+            await listener.aclose()
+
+        raise
+
+    return MultiListener(listeners)
+
+
+async def create_unix_listener(
+        path: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]'], *, mode: Optional[int] = None,
+        backlog: int = 65536) -> SocketListener:
+    """
+    Create a UNIX socket listener.
+
+    Not available on Windows.
+
+    :param path: path of the socket
+    :param mode: permissions to set on the socket
+    :param backlog: maximum number of queued incoming connections (up to a maximum of 2**16, or
+        65536)
+    :return: a listener object
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        If a socket already exists on the file system in the given path, it will be removed first.
+
+    """
+    path_str = str(path)
+    path = Path(path)
+    if path.is_socket():
+        path.unlink()
+
+    backlog = min(backlog, 65536)
+    raw_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX)
+    raw_socket.setblocking(False)
+    try:
+        await to_thread.run_sync(raw_socket.bind, path_str, cancellable=True)
+        if mode is not None:
+            await to_thread.run_sync(chmod, path_str, mode, cancellable=True)
+
+        raw_socket.listen(backlog)
+        return get_asynclib().UNIXSocketListener(raw_socket)
+    except BaseException:
+        raw_socket.close()
+        raise
+
+
+async def create_udp_socket(
+    family: AnyIPAddressFamily = AddressFamily.AF_UNSPEC, *,
+    local_host: Optional[IPAddressType] = None, local_port: int = 0, reuse_port: bool = False
+) -> UDPSocket:
+    """
+    Create a UDP socket.
+
+    If ``port`` has been given, the socket will be bound to this port on the local machine,
+    making this socket suitable for providing UDP based services.
+
+    :param family: address family (``AF_INET`` or ``AF_INET6``) – automatically determined from
+        ``local_host`` if omitted
+    :param local_host: IP address or host name of the local interface to bind to
+    :param local_port: local port to bind to
+    :param reuse_port: ``True`` to allow multiple sockets to bind to the same address/port
+        (not supported on Windows)
+    :return: a UDP socket
+
+    """
+    if family is AddressFamily.AF_UNSPEC and not local_host:
+        raise ValueError('Either "family" or "local_host" must be given')
+
+    if local_host:
+        gai_res = await getaddrinfo(str(local_host), local_port, family=family,
+                                    type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM,
+                                    flags=socket.AI_PASSIVE | socket.AI_ADDRCONFIG)
+        family = cast(AnyIPAddressFamily, gai_res[0][0])
+        local_address = gai_res[0][-1]
+    elif family is AddressFamily.AF_INET6:
+        local_address = ('::', 0)
+    else:
+        local_address = ('0.0.0.0', 0)
+
+    return await get_asynclib().create_udp_socket(family, local_address, None, reuse_port)
+
+
+async def create_connected_udp_socket(
+    remote_host: IPAddressType, remote_port: int, *,
+    family: AnyIPAddressFamily = AddressFamily.AF_UNSPEC,
+    local_host: Optional[IPAddressType] = None, local_port: int = 0, reuse_port: bool = False
+) -> ConnectedUDPSocket:
+    """
+    Create a connected UDP socket.
+
+    Connected UDP sockets can only communicate with the specified remote host/port, and any packets
+    sent from other sources are dropped.
+
+    :param remote_host: remote host to set as the default target
+    :param remote_port: port on the remote host to set as the default target
+    :param family: address family (``AF_INET`` or ``AF_INET6``) – automatically determined from
+        ``local_host`` or ``remote_host`` if omitted
+    :param local_host: IP address or host name of the local interface to bind to
+    :param local_port: local port to bind to
+    :param reuse_port: ``True`` to allow multiple sockets to bind to the same address/port
+        (not supported on Windows)
+    :return: a connected UDP socket
+
+    """
+    local_address = None
+    if local_host:
+        gai_res = await getaddrinfo(str(local_host), local_port, family=family,
+                                    type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM,
+                                    flags=socket.AI_PASSIVE | socket.AI_ADDRCONFIG)
+        family = cast(AnyIPAddressFamily, gai_res[0][0])
+        local_address = gai_res[0][-1]
+
+    gai_res = await getaddrinfo(str(remote_host), remote_port, family=family,
+                                type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+    family = cast(AnyIPAddressFamily, gai_res[0][0])
+    remote_address = gai_res[0][-1]
+
+    return await get_asynclib().create_udp_socket(family, local_address, remote_address,
+                                                  reuse_port)
+
+
+async def getaddrinfo(host: Union[bytearray, bytes, str], port: Union[str, int, None], *,
+                      family: Union[int, AddressFamily] = 0, type: Union[int, SocketKind] = 0,
+                      proto: int = 0, flags: int = 0) -> GetAddrInfoReturnType:
+    """
+    Look up a numeric IP address given a host name.
+
+    Internationalized domain names are translated according to the (non-transitional) IDNA 2008
+    standard.
+
+    .. note:: 4-tuple IPv6 socket addresses are automatically converted to 2-tuples of
+        (host, port), unlike what :func:`socket.getaddrinfo` does.
+
+    :param host: host name
+    :param port: port number
+    :param family: socket family (`'AF_INET``, ...)
+    :param type: socket type (``SOCK_STREAM``, ...)
+    :param proto: protocol number
+    :param flags: flags to pass to upstream ``getaddrinfo()``
+    :return: list of tuples containing (family, type, proto, canonname, sockaddr)
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`socket.getaddrinfo`
+
+    """
+    # Handle unicode hostnames
+    if isinstance(host, str):
+        try:
+            encoded_host = host.encode('ascii')
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            import idna
+            encoded_host = idna.encode(host, uts46=True)
+    else:
+        encoded_host = host
+
+    gai_res = await get_asynclib().getaddrinfo(encoded_host, port, family=family, type=type,
+                                               proto=proto, flags=flags)
+    return [(family, type, proto, canonname, convert_ipv6_sockaddr(sockaddr))
+            for family, type, proto, canonname, sockaddr in gai_res]
+
+
+def getnameinfo(sockaddr: IPSockAddrType, flags: int = 0) -> Awaitable[Tuple[str, str]]:
+    """
+    Look up the host name of an IP address.
+
+    :param sockaddr: socket address (e.g. (ipaddress, port) for IPv4)
+    :param flags: flags to pass to upstream ``getnameinfo()``
+    :return: a tuple of (host name, service name)
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`socket.getnameinfo`
+
+    """
+    return get_asynclib().getnameinfo(sockaddr, flags)
+
+
+def wait_socket_readable(sock: socket.socket) -> Awaitable[None]:
+    """
+    Wait until the given socket has data to be read.
+
+    This does **NOT** work on Windows when using the asyncio backend with a proactor event loop
+    (default on py3.8+).
+
+    .. warning:: Only use this on raw sockets that have not been wrapped by any higher level
+        constructs like socket streams!
+
+    :param sock: a socket object
+    :raises ~anyio.ClosedResourceError: if the socket was closed while waiting for the
+        socket to become readable
+    :raises ~anyio.BusyResourceError: if another task is already waiting for the socket
+        to become readable
+
+    """
+    return get_asynclib().wait_socket_readable(sock)
+
+
+def wait_socket_writable(sock: socket.socket) -> Awaitable[None]:
+    """
+    Wait until the given socket can be written to.
+
+    This does **NOT** work on Windows when using the asyncio backend with a proactor event loop
+    (default on py3.8+).
+
+    .. warning:: Only use this on raw sockets that have not been wrapped by any higher level
+        constructs like socket streams!
+
+    :param sock: a socket object
+    :raises ~anyio.ClosedResourceError: if the socket was closed while waiting for the
+        socket to become writable
+    :raises ~anyio.BusyResourceError: if another task is already waiting for the socket
+        to become writable
+
+    """
+    return get_asynclib().wait_socket_writable(sock)
+
+
+#
+# Private API
+#
+
+def convert_ipv6_sockaddr(
+    sockaddr: Union[Tuple[str, int, int, int], Tuple[str, int]]
+) -> Tuple[str, int]:
+    """
+    Convert a 4-tuple IPv6 socket address to a 2-tuple (address, port) format.
+
+    If the scope ID is nonzero, it is added to the address, separated with ``%``.
+    Otherwise the flow id and scope id are simply cut off from the tuple.
+    Any other kinds of socket addresses are returned as-is.
+
+    :param sockaddr: the result of :meth:`~socket.socket.getsockname`
+    :return: the converted socket address
+
+    """
+    # This is more complicated than it should be because of MyPy
+    if isinstance(sockaddr, tuple) and len(sockaddr) == 4:
+        host, port, flowinfo, scope_id = cast(Tuple[str, int, int, int], sockaddr)
+        if scope_id:
+            # Add scope_id to the address
+            return f"{host}%{scope_id}", port
+        else:
+            return host, port
+    else:
+        return cast(Tuple[str, int], sockaddr)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_streams.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_streams.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f43875c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_streams.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import math
+from typing import Any, Optional, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, overload
+
+from ..streams.memory import (
+    MemoryObjectReceiveStream, MemoryObjectSendStream, MemoryObjectStreamState)
+
+T_Item = TypeVar('T_Item')
+
+
+@overload
+def create_memory_object_stream(
+    max_buffer_size: float, item_type: Type[T_Item]
+) -> Tuple[MemoryObjectSendStream[T_Item], MemoryObjectReceiveStream[T_Item]]:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def create_memory_object_stream(
+    max_buffer_size: float = 0
+) -> Tuple[MemoryObjectSendStream[Any], MemoryObjectReceiveStream[Any]]:
+    ...
+
+
+def create_memory_object_stream(
+    max_buffer_size: float = 0, item_type: Optional[Type[T_Item]] = None
+) -> Tuple[MemoryObjectSendStream[Any], MemoryObjectReceiveStream[Any]]:
+    """
+    Create a memory object stream.
+
+    :param max_buffer_size: number of items held in the buffer until ``send()`` starts blocking
+    :param item_type: type of item, for marking the streams with the right generic type for
+        static typing (not used at run time)
+    :return: a tuple of (send stream, receive stream)
+
+    """
+    if max_buffer_size != math.inf and not isinstance(max_buffer_size, int):
+        raise ValueError('max_buffer_size must be either an integer or math.inf')
+    if max_buffer_size < 0:
+        raise ValueError('max_buffer_size cannot be negative')
+
+    state: MemoryObjectStreamState = MemoryObjectStreamState(max_buffer_size)
+    return MemoryObjectSendStream(state), MemoryObjectReceiveStream(state)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_subprocesses.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_subprocesses.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4ae139
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_subprocesses.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+from io import BytesIO
+from os import PathLike
+from subprocess import DEVNULL, PIPE, CalledProcessError, CompletedProcess
+from typing import AsyncIterable, List, Mapping, Optional, Sequence, Union, cast
+
+from ..abc import Process
+from ._eventloop import get_asynclib
+from ._tasks import create_task_group
+
+
+async def run_process(command: Union[str, Sequence[str]], *, input: Optional[bytes] = None,
+                      stdout: int = PIPE, stderr: int = PIPE, check: bool = True,
+                      cwd: Union[str, bytes, 'PathLike[str]', None] = None,
+                      env: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None, start_new_session: bool = False,
+                      ) -> 'CompletedProcess[bytes]':
+    """
+    Run an external command in a subprocess and wait until it completes.
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`subprocess.run`
+
+    :param command: either a string to pass to the shell, or an iterable of strings containing the
+        executable name or path and its arguments
+    :param input: bytes passed to the standard input of the subprocess
+    :param stdout: either :data:`subprocess.PIPE` or :data:`subprocess.DEVNULL`
+    :param stderr: one of :data:`subprocess.PIPE`, :data:`subprocess.DEVNULL` or
+        :data:`subprocess.STDOUT`
+    :param check: if ``True``, raise :exc:`~subprocess.CalledProcessError` if the process
+        terminates with a return code other than 0
+    :param cwd: If not ``None``, change the working directory to this before running the command
+    :param env: if not ``None``, this mapping replaces the inherited environment variables from the
+        parent process
+    :param start_new_session: if ``true`` the setsid() system call will be made in the child
+        process prior to the execution of the subprocess. (POSIX only)
+    :return: an object representing the completed process
+    :raises ~subprocess.CalledProcessError: if ``check`` is ``True`` and the process exits with a
+        nonzero return code
+
+    """
+    async def drain_stream(stream: AsyncIterable[bytes], index: int) -> None:
+        buffer = BytesIO()
+        async for chunk in stream:
+            buffer.write(chunk)
+
+        stream_contents[index] = buffer.getvalue()
+
+    async with await open_process(command, stdin=PIPE if input else DEVNULL, stdout=stdout,
+                                  stderr=stderr, cwd=cwd, env=env,
+                                  start_new_session=start_new_session) as process:
+        stream_contents: List[Optional[bytes]] = [None, None]
+        try:
+            async with create_task_group() as tg:
+                if process.stdout:
+                    tg.start_soon(drain_stream, process.stdout, 0)
+                if process.stderr:
+                    tg.start_soon(drain_stream, process.stderr, 1)
+                if process.stdin and input:
+                    await process.stdin.send(input)
+                    await process.stdin.aclose()
+
+                await process.wait()
+        except BaseException:
+            process.kill()
+            raise
+
+    output, errors = stream_contents
+    if check and process.returncode != 0:
+        raise CalledProcessError(cast(int, process.returncode), command, output, errors)
+
+    return CompletedProcess(command, cast(int, process.returncode), output, errors)
+
+
+async def open_process(command: Union[str, Sequence[str]], *, stdin: int = PIPE,
+                       stdout: int = PIPE, stderr: int = PIPE,
+                       cwd: Union[str, bytes, 'PathLike[str]', None] = None,
+                       env: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+                       start_new_session: bool = False) -> Process:
+    """
+    Start an external command in a subprocess.
+
+    .. seealso:: :class:`subprocess.Popen`
+
+    :param command: either a string to pass to the shell, or an iterable of strings containing the
+        executable name or path and its arguments
+    :param stdin: either :data:`subprocess.PIPE` or :data:`subprocess.DEVNULL`
+    :param stdout: either :data:`subprocess.PIPE` or :data:`subprocess.DEVNULL`
+    :param stderr: one of :data:`subprocess.PIPE`, :data:`subprocess.DEVNULL` or
+        :data:`subprocess.STDOUT`
+    :param cwd: If not ``None``, the working directory is changed before executing
+    :param env: If env is not ``None``, it must be a mapping that defines the environment
+        variables for the new process
+    :param start_new_session: if ``true`` the setsid() system call will be made in the child
+        process prior to the execution of the subprocess. (POSIX only)
+    :return: an asynchronous process object
+
+    """
+    shell = isinstance(command, str)
+    return await get_asynclib().open_process(command, shell=shell, stdin=stdin, stdout=stdout,
+                                             stderr=stderr, cwd=cwd, env=env,
+                                             start_new_session=start_new_session)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_synchronization.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_synchronization.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d75afed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_synchronization.py
@@ -0,0 +1,566 @@
+from collections import deque
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Deque, Optional, Tuple, Type
+from warnings import warn
+
+from ..lowlevel import cancel_shielded_checkpoint, checkpoint, checkpoint_if_cancelled
+from ._compat import DeprecatedAwaitable
+from ._eventloop import get_asynclib
+from ._exceptions import BusyResourceError, WouldBlock
+from ._tasks import CancelScope
+from ._testing import TaskInfo, get_current_task
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class EventStatistics:
+    """
+    :ivar int tasks_waiting: number of tasks waiting on :meth:`~.Event.wait`
+    """
+
+    tasks_waiting: int
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class CapacityLimiterStatistics:
+    """
+    :ivar int borrowed_tokens: number of tokens currently borrowed by tasks
+    :ivar float total_tokens: total number of available tokens
+    :ivar tuple borrowers: tasks or other objects currently holding tokens borrowed from this
+        limiter
+    :ivar int tasks_waiting: number of tasks waiting on :meth:`~.CapacityLimiter.acquire` or
+        :meth:`~.CapacityLimiter.acquire_on_behalf_of`
+    """
+
+    borrowed_tokens: int
+    total_tokens: float
+    borrowers: Tuple[object, ...]
+    tasks_waiting: int
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class LockStatistics:
+    """
+    :ivar bool locked: flag indicating if this lock is locked or not
+    :ivar ~anyio.TaskInfo owner: task currently holding the lock (or ``None`` if the lock is not
+        held by any task)
+    :ivar int tasks_waiting: number of tasks waiting on :meth:`~.Lock.acquire`
+    """
+
+    locked: bool
+    owner: Optional[TaskInfo]
+    tasks_waiting: int
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ConditionStatistics:
+    """
+    :ivar int tasks_waiting: number of tasks blocked on :meth:`~.Condition.wait`
+    :ivar ~anyio.LockStatistics lock_statistics: statistics of the underlying :class:`~.Lock`
+    """
+
+    tasks_waiting: int
+    lock_statistics: LockStatistics
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class SemaphoreStatistics:
+    """
+    :ivar int tasks_waiting: number of tasks waiting on :meth:`~.Semaphore.acquire`
+
+    """
+    tasks_waiting: int
+
+
+class Event:
+    def __new__(cls) -> 'Event':
+        return get_asynclib().Event()
+
+    def set(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        """Set the flag, notifying all listeners."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def is_set(self) -> bool:
+        """Return ``True`` if the flag is set, ``False`` if not."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def wait(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Wait until the flag has been set.
+
+        If the flag has already been set when this method is called, it returns immediately.
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def statistics(self) -> EventStatistics:
+        """Return statistics about the current state of this event."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Lock:
+    _owner_task: Optional[TaskInfo] = None
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._waiters: Deque[Tuple[TaskInfo, Event]] = deque()
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> None:
+        await self.acquire()
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> None:
+        self.release()
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        """Acquire the lock."""
+        await checkpoint_if_cancelled()
+        try:
+            self.acquire_nowait()
+        except WouldBlock:
+            task = get_current_task()
+            event = Event()
+            token = task, event
+            self._waiters.append(token)
+            try:
+                await event.wait()
+            except BaseException:
+                if not event.is_set():
+                    self._waiters.remove(token)
+                elif self._owner_task == task:
+                    self.release()
+
+                raise
+
+            assert self._owner_task == task
+        else:
+            try:
+                await cancel_shielded_checkpoint()
+            except BaseException:
+                self.release()
+                raise
+
+    def acquire_nowait(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Acquire the lock, without blocking.
+
+        :raises ~WouldBlock: if the operation would block
+
+        """
+        task = get_current_task()
+        if self._owner_task == task:
+            raise RuntimeError('Attempted to acquire an already held Lock')
+
+        if self._owner_task is not None:
+            raise WouldBlock
+
+        self._owner_task = task
+
+    def release(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        """Release the lock."""
+        if self._owner_task != get_current_task():
+            raise RuntimeError('The current task is not holding this lock')
+
+        if self._waiters:
+            self._owner_task, event = self._waiters.popleft()
+            event.set()
+        else:
+            del self._owner_task
+
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.release)
+
+    def locked(self) -> bool:
+        """Return True if the lock is currently held."""
+        return self._owner_task is not None
+
+    def statistics(self) -> LockStatistics:
+        """
+        Return statistics about the current state of this lock.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        return LockStatistics(self.locked(), self._owner_task, len(self._waiters))
+
+
+class Condition:
+    _owner_task: Optional[TaskInfo] = None
+
+    def __init__(self, lock: Optional[Lock] = None):
+        self._lock = lock or Lock()
+        self._waiters: Deque[Event] = deque()
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> None:
+        await self.acquire()
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> None:
+        self.release()
+
+    def _check_acquired(self) -> None:
+        if self._owner_task != get_current_task():
+            raise RuntimeError('The current task is not holding the underlying lock')
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        """Acquire the underlying lock."""
+        await self._lock.acquire()
+        self._owner_task = get_current_task()
+
+    def acquire_nowait(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Acquire the underlying lock, without blocking.
+
+        :raises ~WouldBlock: if the operation would block
+
+        """
+        self._lock.acquire_nowait()
+        self._owner_task = get_current_task()
+
+    def release(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        """Release the underlying lock."""
+        self._lock.release()
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.release)
+
+    def locked(self) -> bool:
+        """Return True if the lock is set."""
+        return self._lock.locked()
+
+    def notify(self, n: int = 1) -> None:
+        """Notify exactly n listeners."""
+        self._check_acquired()
+        for _ in range(n):
+            try:
+                event = self._waiters.popleft()
+            except IndexError:
+                break
+
+            event.set()
+
+    def notify_all(self) -> None:
+        """Notify all the listeners."""
+        self._check_acquired()
+        for event in self._waiters:
+            event.set()
+
+        self._waiters.clear()
+
+    async def wait(self) -> None:
+        """Wait for a notification."""
+        await checkpoint()
+        event = Event()
+        self._waiters.append(event)
+        self.release()
+        try:
+            await event.wait()
+        except BaseException:
+            if not event.is_set():
+                self._waiters.remove(event)
+
+            raise
+        finally:
+            with CancelScope(shield=True):
+                await self.acquire()
+
+    def statistics(self) -> ConditionStatistics:
+        """
+        Return statistics about the current state of this condition.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        return ConditionStatistics(len(self._waiters), self._lock.statistics())
+
+
+class Semaphore:
+    def __init__(self, initial_value: int, *, max_value: Optional[int] = None):
+        if not isinstance(initial_value, int):
+            raise TypeError('initial_value must be an integer')
+        if initial_value < 0:
+            raise ValueError('initial_value must be >= 0')
+        if max_value is not None:
+            if not isinstance(max_value, int):
+                raise TypeError('max_value must be an integer or None')
+            if max_value < initial_value:
+                raise ValueError('max_value must be equal to or higher than initial_value')
+
+        self._value = initial_value
+        self._max_value = max_value
+        self._waiters: Deque[Event] = deque()
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> 'Semaphore':
+        await self.acquire()
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> None:
+        self.release()
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        """Decrement the semaphore value, blocking if necessary."""
+        await checkpoint_if_cancelled()
+        try:
+            self.acquire_nowait()
+        except WouldBlock:
+            event = Event()
+            self._waiters.append(event)
+            try:
+                await event.wait()
+            except BaseException:
+                if not event.is_set():
+                    self._waiters.remove(event)
+                else:
+                    self.release()
+
+                raise
+        else:
+            try:
+                await cancel_shielded_checkpoint()
+            except BaseException:
+                self.release()
+                raise
+
+    def acquire_nowait(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Acquire the underlying lock, without blocking.
+
+        :raises ~WouldBlock: if the operation would block
+
+        """
+        if self._value == 0:
+            raise WouldBlock
+
+        self._value -= 1
+
+    def release(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        """Increment the semaphore value."""
+        if self._max_value is not None and self._value == self._max_value:
+            raise ValueError('semaphore released too many times')
+
+        if self._waiters:
+            self._waiters.popleft().set()
+        else:
+            self._value += 1
+
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.release)
+
+    @property
+    def value(self) -> int:
+        """The current value of the semaphore."""
+        return self._value
+
+    @property
+    def max_value(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        """The maximum value of the semaphore."""
+        return self._max_value
+
+    def statistics(self) -> SemaphoreStatistics:
+        """
+        Return statistics about the current state of this semaphore.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        return SemaphoreStatistics(len(self._waiters))
+
+
+class CapacityLimiter:
+    def __new__(cls, total_tokens: float) -> 'CapacityLimiter':
+        return get_asynclib().CapacityLimiter(total_tokens)
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    def total_tokens(self) -> float:
+        """
+        The total number of tokens available for borrowing.
+
+        This is a read-write property. If the total number of tokens is increased, the
+        proportionate number of tasks waiting on this limiter will be granted their tokens.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+            The property is now writable.
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @total_tokens.setter
+    def total_tokens(self, value: float) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def set_total_tokens(self, value: float) -> None:
+        warn('CapacityLimiter.set_total_tokens has been deprecated. Set the value of the'
+             '"total_tokens" attribute directly.', DeprecationWarning)
+        self.total_tokens = value
+
+    @property
+    def borrowed_tokens(self) -> int:
+        """The number of tokens that have currently been borrowed."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    def available_tokens(self) -> float:
+        """The number of tokens currently available to be borrowed"""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def acquire_nowait(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        """
+        Acquire a token for the current task without waiting for one to become available.
+
+        :raises ~anyio.WouldBlock: if there are no tokens available for borrowing
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def acquire_on_behalf_of_nowait(self, borrower: object) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        """
+        Acquire a token without waiting for one to become available.
+
+        :param borrower: the entity borrowing a token
+        :raises ~anyio.WouldBlock: if there are no tokens available for borrowing
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Acquire a token for the current task, waiting if necessary for one to become available.
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def acquire_on_behalf_of(self, borrower: object) -> None:
+        """
+        Acquire a token, waiting if necessary for one to become available.
+
+        :param borrower: the entity borrowing a token
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Release the token held by the current task.
+        :raises RuntimeError: if the current task has not borrowed a token from this limiter.
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def release_on_behalf_of(self, borrower: object) -> None:
+        """
+        Release the token held by the given borrower.
+
+        :raises RuntimeError: if the borrower has not borrowed a token from this limiter.
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def statistics(self) -> CapacityLimiterStatistics:
+        """
+        Return statistics about the current state of this limiter.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+def create_lock() -> Lock:
+    """
+    Create an asynchronous lock.
+
+    :return: a lock object
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+       Use :class:`~Lock` directly.
+
+    """
+    warn('create_lock() is deprecated -- use Lock() directly', DeprecationWarning)
+    return Lock()
+
+
+def create_condition(lock: Optional[Lock] = None) -> Condition:
+    """
+    Create an asynchronous condition.
+
+    :param lock: the lock to base the condition object on
+    :return: a condition object
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+       Use :class:`~Condition` directly.
+
+    """
+    warn('create_condition() is deprecated -- use Condition() directly', DeprecationWarning)
+    return Condition(lock=lock)
+
+
+def create_event() -> Event:
+    """
+    Create an asynchronous event object.
+
+    :return: an event object
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+       Use :class:`~Event` directly.
+
+    """
+    warn('create_event() is deprecated -- use Event() directly', DeprecationWarning)
+    return get_asynclib().Event()
+
+
+def create_semaphore(value: int, *, max_value: Optional[int] = None) -> Semaphore:
+    """
+    Create an asynchronous semaphore.
+
+    :param value: the semaphore's initial value
+    :param max_value: if set, makes this a "bounded" semaphore that raises :exc:`ValueError` if the
+        semaphore's value would exceed this number
+    :return: a semaphore object
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+       Use :class:`~Semaphore` directly.
+
+    """
+    warn('create_semaphore() is deprecated -- use Semaphore() directly', DeprecationWarning)
+    return Semaphore(value, max_value=max_value)
+
+
+def create_capacity_limiter(total_tokens: float) -> CapacityLimiter:
+    """
+    Create a capacity limiter.
+
+    :param total_tokens: the total number of tokens available for borrowing (can be an integer or
+        :data:`math.inf`)
+    :return: a capacity limiter object
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+       Use :class:`~CapacityLimiter` directly.
+
+    """
+    warn('create_capacity_limiter() is deprecated -- use CapacityLimiter() directly',
+         DeprecationWarning)
+    return get_asynclib().CapacityLimiter(total_tokens)
+
+
+class ResourceGuard:
+    __slots__ = 'action', '_guarded'
+
+    def __init__(self, action: str):
+        self.action = action
+        self._guarded = False
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> None:
+        if self._guarded:
+            raise BusyResourceError(self.action)
+
+        self._guarded = True
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        self._guarded = False
+        return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_tasks.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_tasks.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4db1cc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_tasks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+import math
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Optional, Type
+from warnings import warn
+
+from ..abc._tasks import TaskGroup, TaskStatus
+from ._compat import DeprecatedAsyncContextManager, DeprecatedAwaitable, DeprecatedAwaitableFloat
+from ._eventloop import get_asynclib
+
+
+class _IgnoredTaskStatus(TaskStatus):
+    def started(self, value: object = None) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+TASK_STATUS_IGNORED = _IgnoredTaskStatus()
+
+
+class CancelScope(DeprecatedAsyncContextManager['CancelScope']):
+    """
+    Wraps a unit of work that can be made separately cancellable.
+
+    :param deadline: The time (clock value) when this scope is cancelled automatically
+    :param shield: ``True`` to shield the cancel scope from external cancellation
+    """
+
+    def __new__(cls, *, deadline: float = math.inf, shield: bool = False) -> 'CancelScope':
+        return get_asynclib().CancelScope(shield=shield, deadline=deadline)
+
+    def cancel(self) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        """Cancel this scope immediately."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    def deadline(self) -> float:
+        """
+        The time (clock value) when this scope is cancelled automatically.
+
+        Will be ``float('inf')`` if no timeout has been set.
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @deadline.setter
+    def deadline(self, value: float) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    def cancel_called(self) -> bool:
+        """``True`` if :meth:`cancel` has been called."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    def shield(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        ``True`` if this scope is shielded from external cancellation.
+
+        While a scope is shielded, it will not receive cancellations from outside.
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @shield.setter
+    def shield(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> 'CancelScope':
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+def open_cancel_scope(*, shield: bool = False) -> CancelScope:
+    """
+    Open a cancel scope.
+
+    :param shield: ``True`` to shield the cancel scope from external cancellation
+    :return: a cancel scope
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+       Use :class:`~CancelScope` directly.
+
+    """
+    warn('open_cancel_scope() is deprecated -- use CancelScope() directly', DeprecationWarning)
+    return get_asynclib().CancelScope(shield=shield)
+
+
+class FailAfterContextManager(DeprecatedAsyncContextManager[CancelScope]):
+    def __init__(self, cancel_scope: CancelScope):
+        self._cancel_scope = cancel_scope
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> CancelScope:
+        return self._cancel_scope.__enter__()
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        retval = self._cancel_scope.__exit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
+        if self._cancel_scope.cancel_called:
+            raise TimeoutError
+
+        return retval
+
+
+def fail_after(delay: Optional[float], shield: bool = False) -> FailAfterContextManager:
+    """
+    Create a context manager which raises a :class:`TimeoutError` if does not finish in time.
+
+    :param delay: maximum allowed time (in seconds) before raising the exception, or ``None`` to
+        disable the timeout
+    :param shield: ``True`` to shield the cancel scope from external cancellation
+    :return: a context manager that yields a cancel scope
+    :rtype: :class:`~typing.ContextManager`\\[:class:`~anyio.abc.CancelScope`\\]
+
+    """
+    deadline = (get_asynclib().current_time() + delay) if delay is not None else math.inf
+    cancel_scope = get_asynclib().CancelScope(deadline=deadline, shield=shield)
+    return FailAfterContextManager(cancel_scope)
+
+
+def move_on_after(delay: Optional[float], shield: bool = False) -> CancelScope:
+    """
+    Create a cancel scope with a deadline that expires after the given delay.
+
+    :param delay: maximum allowed time (in seconds) before exiting the context block, or ``None``
+        to disable the timeout
+    :param shield: ``True`` to shield the cancel scope from external cancellation
+    :return: a cancel scope
+
+    """
+    deadline = (get_asynclib().current_time() + delay) if delay is not None else math.inf
+    return get_asynclib().CancelScope(deadline=deadline, shield=shield)
+
+
+def current_effective_deadline() -> DeprecatedAwaitableFloat:
+    """
+    Return the nearest deadline among all the cancel scopes effective for the current task.
+
+    :return: a clock value from the event loop's internal clock (``float('inf')`` if there is no
+        deadline in effect)
+    :rtype: float
+
+    """
+    return DeprecatedAwaitableFloat(get_asynclib().current_effective_deadline(),
+                                    current_effective_deadline)
+
+
+def create_task_group() -> 'TaskGroup':
+    """
+    Create a task group.
+
+    :return: a task group
+
+    """
+    return get_asynclib().TaskGroup()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_testing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_testing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d977eff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_testing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+from typing import Any, Awaitable, Generator, Optional, Union
+
+from ._compat import DeprecatedAwaitableList, _warn_deprecation
+from ._eventloop import get_asynclib
+
+
+class TaskInfo:
+    """
+    Represents an asynchronous task.
+
+    :ivar int id: the unique identifier of the task
+    :ivar parent_id: the identifier of the parent task, if any
+    :vartype parent_id: Optional[int]
+    :ivar str name: the description of the task (if any)
+    :ivar ~collections.abc.Coroutine coro: the coroutine object of the task
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = '_name', 'id', 'parent_id', 'name', 'coro'
+
+    def __init__(self, id: int, parent_id: Optional[int], name: Optional[str],
+                 coro: Union[Generator, Awaitable[Any]]):
+        func = get_current_task
+        self._name = f'{func.__module__}.{func.__qualname__}'
+        self.id: int = id
+        self.parent_id: Optional[int] = parent_id
+        self.name: Optional[str] = name
+        self.coro: Union[Generator, Awaitable[Any]] = coro
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, TaskInfo):
+            return self.id == other.id
+
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self.id)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f'{self.__class__.__name__}(id={self.id!r}, name={self.name!r})'
+
+    def __await__(self) -> Generator[None, None, "TaskInfo"]:
+        _warn_deprecation(self)
+        if False:
+            yield
+
+        return self
+
+    def _unwrap(self) -> 'TaskInfo':
+        return self
+
+
+def get_current_task() -> TaskInfo:
+    """
+    Return the current task.
+
+    :return: a representation of the current task
+
+    """
+    return get_asynclib().get_current_task()
+
+
+def get_running_tasks() -> DeprecatedAwaitableList[TaskInfo]:
+    """
+    Return a list of running tasks in the current event loop.
+
+    :return: a list of task info objects
+
+    """
+    tasks = get_asynclib().get_running_tasks()
+    return DeprecatedAwaitableList(tasks, func=get_running_tasks)
+
+
+async def wait_all_tasks_blocked() -> None:
+    """Wait until all other tasks are waiting for something."""
+    await get_asynclib().wait_all_tasks_blocked()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_typedattr.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_typedattr.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..797287d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/_core/_typedattr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import sys
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Mapping, TypeVar, Union, overload
+
+from ._exceptions import TypedAttributeLookupError
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import final
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import final
+
+T_Attr = TypeVar('T_Attr')
+T_Default = TypeVar('T_Default')
+undefined = object()
+
+
+def typed_attribute() -> Any:
+    """Return a unique object, used to mark typed attributes."""
+    return object()
+
+
+class TypedAttributeSet:
+    """
+    Superclass for typed attribute collections.
+
+    Checks that every public attribute of every subclass has a type annotation.
+    """
+
+    def __init_subclass__(cls) -> None:
+        annotations: Dict[str, Any] = getattr(cls, '__annotations__', {})
+        for attrname in dir(cls):
+            if not attrname.startswith('_') and attrname not in annotations:
+                raise TypeError(f'Attribute {attrname!r} is missing its type annotation')
+
+        super().__init_subclass__()
+
+
+class TypedAttributeProvider:
+    """Base class for classes that wish to provide typed extra attributes."""
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[T_Attr, Callable[[], T_Attr]]:
+        """
+        A mapping of the extra attributes to callables that return the corresponding values.
+
+        If the provider wraps another provider, the attributes from that wrapper should also be
+        included in the returned mapping (but the wrapper may override the callables from the
+        wrapped instance).
+
+        """
+        return {}
+
+    @overload
+    def extra(self, attribute: T_Attr) -> T_Attr:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def extra(self, attribute: T_Attr, default: T_Default) -> Union[T_Attr, T_Default]:
+        ...
+
+    @final
+    def extra(self, attribute: Any, default: object = undefined) -> object:
+        """
+        extra(attribute, default=undefined)
+
+        Return the value of the given typed extra attribute.
+
+        :param attribute: the attribute (member of a :class:`~TypedAttributeSet`) to look for
+        :param default: the value that should be returned if no value is found for the attribute
+        :raises ~anyio.TypedAttributeLookupError: if the search failed and no default value was
+            given
+
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.extra_attributes[attribute]()
+        except KeyError:
+            if default is undefined:
+                raise TypedAttributeLookupError('Attribute not found') from None
+            else:
+                return default
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..592ef0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+__all__ = ('AsyncResource', 'IPAddressType', 'IPSockAddrType', 'SocketAttribute', 'SocketStream',
+           'SocketListener', 'UDPSocket', 'UNIXSocketStream', 'UDPPacketType',
+           'ConnectedUDPSocket', 'UnreliableObjectReceiveStream', 'UnreliableObjectSendStream',
+           'UnreliableObjectStream', 'ObjectReceiveStream', 'ObjectSendStream', 'ObjectStream',
+           'ByteReceiveStream', 'ByteSendStream', 'ByteStream', 'AnyUnreliableByteReceiveStream',
+           'AnyUnreliableByteSendStream', 'AnyUnreliableByteStream', 'AnyByteReceiveStream',
+           'AnyByteSendStream', 'AnyByteStream', 'Listener', 'Process', 'Event',
+           'Condition', 'Lock', 'Semaphore', 'CapacityLimiter', 'CancelScope', 'TaskGroup',
+           'TaskStatus', 'TestRunner', 'BlockingPortal')
+
+from typing import Any
+
+from ._resources import AsyncResource
+from ._sockets import (
+    ConnectedUDPSocket, IPAddressType, IPSockAddrType, SocketAttribute, SocketListener,
+    SocketStream, UDPPacketType, UDPSocket, UNIXSocketStream)
+from ._streams import (
+    AnyByteReceiveStream, AnyByteSendStream, AnyByteStream, AnyUnreliableByteReceiveStream,
+    AnyUnreliableByteSendStream, AnyUnreliableByteStream, ByteReceiveStream, ByteSendStream,
+    ByteStream, Listener, ObjectReceiveStream, ObjectSendStream, ObjectStream,
+    UnreliableObjectReceiveStream, UnreliableObjectSendStream, UnreliableObjectStream)
+from ._subprocesses import Process
+from ._tasks import TaskGroup, TaskStatus
+from ._testing import TestRunner
+
+# Re-exported here, for backwards compatibility
+# isort: off
+from .._core._synchronization import CapacityLimiter, Condition, Event, Lock, Semaphore
+from .._core._tasks import CancelScope
+from ..from_thread import BlockingPortal
+
+# Re-export imports so they look like they live directly in this package
+key: str
+value: Any
+for key, value in list(locals().items()):
+    if getattr(value, '__module__', '').startswith('anyio.abc.'):
+        value.__module__ = __name__
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_resources.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_resources.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4594e6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_resources.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Optional, Type, TypeVar
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+class AsyncResource(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Abstract base class for all closeable asynchronous resources.
+
+    Works as an asynchronous context manager which returns the instance itself on enter, and calls
+    :meth:`aclose` on exit.
+    """
+
+    async def __aenter__(self: T) -> T:
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> None:
+        await self.aclose()
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        """Close the resource."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_sockets.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_sockets.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a05151e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_sockets.py
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+import socket
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from io import IOBase
+from ipaddress import IPv4Address, IPv6Address
+from socket import AddressFamily
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    Any, AsyncContextManager, Callable, Collection, Dict, List, Mapping, Optional, Tuple, Type,
+    TypeVar, Union)
+
+from .._core._typedattr import TypedAttributeProvider, TypedAttributeSet, typed_attribute
+from ._streams import ByteStream, Listener, T_Stream, UnreliableObjectStream
+from ._tasks import TaskGroup
+
+IPAddressType = Union[str, IPv4Address, IPv6Address]
+IPSockAddrType = Tuple[str, int]
+SockAddrType = Union[IPSockAddrType, str]
+UDPPacketType = Tuple[bytes, IPSockAddrType]
+T_Retval = TypeVar('T_Retval')
+
+
+class _NullAsyncContextManager:
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return None
+
+
+class SocketAttribute(TypedAttributeSet):
+    #: the address family of the underlying socket
+    family: AddressFamily = typed_attribute()
+    #: the local socket address of the underlying socket
+    local_address: SockAddrType = typed_attribute()
+    #: for IP addresses, the local port the underlying socket is bound to
+    local_port: int = typed_attribute()
+    #: the underlying stdlib socket object
+    raw_socket: socket.socket = typed_attribute()
+    #: the remote address the underlying socket is connected to
+    remote_address: SockAddrType = typed_attribute()
+    #: for IP addresses, the remote port the underlying socket is connected to
+    remote_port: int = typed_attribute()
+
+
+class _SocketProvider(TypedAttributeProvider):
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        from .._core._sockets import convert_ipv6_sockaddr as convert
+
+        attributes: Dict[Any, Callable[[], Any]] = {
+            SocketAttribute.family: lambda: self._raw_socket.family,
+            SocketAttribute.local_address: lambda: convert(self._raw_socket.getsockname()),
+            SocketAttribute.raw_socket: lambda: self._raw_socket
+        }
+        try:
+            peername: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = convert(self._raw_socket.getpeername())
+        except OSError:
+            peername = None
+
+        # Provide the remote address for connected sockets
+        if peername is not None:
+            attributes[SocketAttribute.remote_address] = lambda: peername
+
+        # Provide local and remote ports for IP based sockets
+        if self._raw_socket.family in (AddressFamily.AF_INET, AddressFamily.AF_INET6):
+            attributes[SocketAttribute.local_port] = lambda: self._raw_socket.getsockname()[1]
+            if peername is not None:
+                remote_port = peername[1]
+                attributes[SocketAttribute.remote_port] = lambda: remote_port
+
+        return attributes
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def _raw_socket(self) -> socket.socket:
+        pass
+
+
+class SocketStream(ByteStream, _SocketProvider):
+    """
+    Transports bytes over a socket.
+
+    Supports all relevant extra attributes from :class:`~SocketAttribute`.
+    """
+
+
+class UNIXSocketStream(SocketStream):
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def send_fds(self, message: bytes, fds: Collection[Union[int, IOBase]]) -> None:
+        """
+        Send file descriptors along with a message to the peer.
+
+        :param message: a non-empty bytestring
+        :param fds: a collection of files (either numeric file descriptors or open file or socket
+            objects)
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def receive_fds(self, msglen: int, maxfds: int) -> Tuple[bytes, List[int]]:
+        """
+        Receive file descriptors along with a message from the peer.
+
+        :param msglen: length of the message to expect from the peer
+        :param maxfds: maximum number of file descriptors to expect from the peer
+        :return: a tuple of (message, file descriptors)
+        """
+
+
+class SocketListener(Listener[SocketStream], _SocketProvider):
+    """
+    Listens to incoming socket connections.
+
+    Supports all relevant extra attributes from :class:`~SocketAttribute`.
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def accept(self) -> SocketStream:
+        """Accept an incoming connection."""
+
+    async def serve(self, handler: Callable[[T_Stream], Any],
+                    task_group: Optional[TaskGroup] = None) -> None:
+        from .. import create_task_group
+
+        context_manager: AsyncContextManager
+        if task_group is None:
+            task_group = context_manager = create_task_group()
+        else:
+            # Can be replaced with AsyncExitStack once on py3.7+
+            context_manager = _NullAsyncContextManager()
+
+        async with context_manager:
+            while True:
+                stream = await self.accept()
+                task_group.start_soon(handler, stream)
+
+
+class UDPSocket(UnreliableObjectStream[UDPPacketType], _SocketProvider):
+    """
+    Represents an unconnected UDP socket.
+
+    Supports all relevant extra attributes from :class:`~SocketAttribute`.
+    """
+
+    async def sendto(self, data: bytes, host: str, port: int) -> None:
+        """Alias for :meth:`~.UnreliableObjectSendStream.send` ((data, (host, port)))."""
+        return await self.send((data, (host, port)))
+
+
+class ConnectedUDPSocket(UnreliableObjectStream[bytes], _SocketProvider):
+    """
+    Represents an connected UDP socket.
+
+    Supports all relevant extra attributes from :class:`~SocketAttribute`.
+    """
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_streams.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_streams.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..635b818
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_streams.py
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from typing import Any, Callable, Generic, Optional, TypeVar, Union
+
+from .._core._exceptions import EndOfStream
+from .._core._typedattr import TypedAttributeProvider
+from ._resources import AsyncResource
+from ._tasks import TaskGroup
+
+T_Item = TypeVar('T_Item')
+T_Stream = TypeVar('T_Stream')
+
+
+class UnreliableObjectReceiveStream(Generic[T_Item], AsyncResource, TypedAttributeProvider):
+    """
+    An interface for receiving objects.
+
+    This interface makes no guarantees that the received messages arrive in the order in which they
+    were sent, or that no messages are missed.
+
+    Asynchronously iterating over objects of this type will yield objects matching the given type
+    parameter.
+    """
+
+    def __aiter__(self) -> "UnreliableObjectReceiveStream[T_Item]":
+        return self
+
+    async def __anext__(self) -> T_Item:
+        try:
+            return await self.receive()
+        except EndOfStream:
+            raise StopAsyncIteration
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def receive(self) -> T_Item:
+        """
+        Receive the next item.
+
+        :raises ~anyio.ClosedResourceError: if the receive stream has been explicitly
+            closed
+        :raises ~anyio.EndOfStream: if this stream has been closed from the other end
+        :raises ~anyio.BrokenResourceError: if this stream has been rendered unusable
+            due to external causes
+        """
+
+
+class UnreliableObjectSendStream(Generic[T_Item], AsyncResource, TypedAttributeProvider):
+    """
+    An interface for sending objects.
+
+    This interface makes no guarantees that the messages sent will reach the recipient(s) in the
+    same order in which they were sent, or at all.
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def send(self, item: T_Item) -> None:
+        """
+        Send an item to the peer(s).
+
+        :param item: the item to send
+        :raises ~anyio.ClosedResourceError: if the send stream has been explicitly
+            closed
+        :raises ~anyio.BrokenResourceError: if this stream has been rendered unusable
+            due to external causes
+        """
+
+
+class UnreliableObjectStream(UnreliableObjectReceiveStream[T_Item],
+                             UnreliableObjectSendStream[T_Item]):
+    """
+    A bidirectional message stream which does not guarantee the order or reliability of message
+    delivery.
+    """
+
+
+class ObjectReceiveStream(UnreliableObjectReceiveStream[T_Item]):
+    """
+    A receive message stream which guarantees that messages are received in the same order in
+    which they were sent, and that no messages are missed.
+    """
+
+
+class ObjectSendStream(UnreliableObjectSendStream[T_Item]):
+    """
+    A send message stream which guarantees that messages are delivered in the same order in which
+    they were sent, without missing any messages in the middle.
+    """
+
+
+class ObjectStream(ObjectReceiveStream[T_Item], ObjectSendStream[T_Item],
+                   UnreliableObjectStream[T_Item]):
+    """
+    A bidirectional message stream which guarantees the order and reliability of message delivery.
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Send an end-of-file indication to the peer.
+
+        You should not try to send any further data to this stream after calling this method.
+        This method is idempotent (does nothing on successive calls).
+        """
+
+
+class ByteReceiveStream(AsyncResource, TypedAttributeProvider):
+    """
+    An interface for receiving bytes from a single peer.
+
+    Iterating this byte stream will yield a byte string of arbitrary length, but no more than
+    65536 bytes.
+    """
+
+    def __aiter__(self) -> 'ByteReceiveStream':
+        return self
+
+    async def __anext__(self) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            return await self.receive()
+        except EndOfStream:
+            raise StopAsyncIteration
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Receive at most ``max_bytes`` bytes from the peer.
+
+        .. note:: Implementors of this interface should not return an empty :class:`bytes` object,
+            and users should ignore them.
+
+        :param max_bytes: maximum number of bytes to receive
+        :return: the received bytes
+        :raises ~anyio.EndOfStream: if this stream has been closed from the other end
+        """
+
+
+class ByteSendStream(AsyncResource, TypedAttributeProvider):
+    """An interface for sending bytes to a single peer."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        """
+        Send the given bytes to the peer.
+
+        :param item: the bytes to send
+        """
+
+
+class ByteStream(ByteReceiveStream, ByteSendStream):
+    """A bidirectional byte stream."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Send an end-of-file indication to the peer.
+
+        You should not try to send any further data to this stream after calling this method.
+        This method is idempotent (does nothing on successive calls).
+        """
+
+
+#: Type alias for all unreliable bytes-oriented receive streams.
+AnyUnreliableByteReceiveStream = Union[UnreliableObjectReceiveStream[bytes], ByteReceiveStream]
+#: Type alias for all unreliable bytes-oriented send streams.
+AnyUnreliableByteSendStream = Union[UnreliableObjectSendStream[bytes], ByteSendStream]
+#: Type alias for all unreliable bytes-oriented streams.
+AnyUnreliableByteStream = Union[UnreliableObjectStream[bytes], ByteStream]
+#: Type alias for all bytes-oriented receive streams.
+AnyByteReceiveStream = Union[ObjectReceiveStream[bytes], ByteReceiveStream]
+#: Type alias for all bytes-oriented send streams.
+AnyByteSendStream = Union[ObjectSendStream[bytes], ByteSendStream]
+#: Type alias for all bytes-oriented streams.
+AnyByteStream = Union[ObjectStream[bytes], ByteStream]
+
+
+class Listener(Generic[T_Stream], AsyncResource, TypedAttributeProvider):
+    """An interface for objects that let you accept incoming connections."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def serve(self, handler: Callable[[T_Stream], Any],
+                    task_group: Optional[TaskGroup] = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Accept incoming connections as they come in and start tasks to handle them.
+
+        :param handler: a callable that will be used to handle each accepted connection
+        :param task_group: the task group that will be used to start tasks for handling each
+            accepted connection (if omitted, an ad-hoc task group will be created)
+        """
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_subprocesses.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_subprocesses.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e633fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_subprocesses.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from signal import Signals
+from typing import Optional
+
+from ._resources import AsyncResource
+from ._streams import ByteReceiveStream, ByteSendStream
+
+
+class Process(AsyncResource):
+    """An asynchronous version of :class:`subprocess.Popen`."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def wait(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Wait until the process exits.
+
+        :return: the exit code of the process
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def terminate(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Terminates the process, gracefully if possible.
+
+        On Windows, this calls ``TerminateProcess()``.
+        On POSIX systems, this sends ``SIGTERM`` to the process.
+
+        .. seealso:: :meth:`subprocess.Popen.terminate`
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def kill(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Kills the process.
+
+        On Windows, this calls ``TerminateProcess()``.
+        On POSIX systems, this sends ``SIGKILL`` to the process.
+
+        .. seealso:: :meth:`subprocess.Popen.kill`
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def send_signal(self, signal: Signals) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a signal to the subprocess.
+
+        .. seealso:: :meth:`subprocess.Popen.send_signal`
+
+        :param signal: the signal number (e.g. :data:`signal.SIGHUP`)
+        """
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def pid(self) -> int:
+        """The process ID of the process."""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def returncode(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        """
+        The return code of the process. If the process has not yet terminated, this will be
+        ``None``.
+        """
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def stdin(self) -> Optional[ByteSendStream]:
+        """The stream for the standard input of the process."""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def stdout(self) -> Optional[ByteReceiveStream]:
+        """The stream for the standard output of the process."""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def stderr(self) -> Optional[ByteReceiveStream]:
+        """The stream for the standard error output of the process."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_tasks.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_tasks.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bed02d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_tasks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import typing
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Any, Callable, Coroutine, Optional, Type, TypeVar
+from warnings import warn
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from anyio._core._tasks import CancelScope
+
+T_Retval = TypeVar('T_Retval')
+
+
+class TaskStatus(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def started(self, value: object = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Signal that the task has started.
+
+        :param value: object passed back to the starter of the task
+        """
+
+
+class TaskGroup(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Groups several asynchronous tasks together.
+
+    :ivar cancel_scope: the cancel scope inherited by all child tasks
+    :vartype cancel_scope: CancelScope
+    """
+
+    cancel_scope: 'CancelScope'
+
+    async def spawn(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, Any]],
+                    *args: object, name: object = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Start a new task in this task group.
+
+        :param func: a coroutine function
+        :param args: positional arguments to call the function with
+        :param name: name of the task, for the purposes of introspection and debugging
+
+        .. deprecated:: 3.0
+           Use :meth:`start_soon` instead. If your code needs AnyIO 2 compatibility, you
+           can keep using this until AnyIO 4.
+
+        """
+        warn('spawn() is deprecated -- use start_soon() (without the "await") instead',
+             DeprecationWarning)
+        self.start_soon(func, *args, name=name)
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def start_soon(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, Any]],
+                   *args: object, name: object = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Start a new task in this task group.
+
+        :param func: a coroutine function
+        :param args: positional arguments to call the function with
+        :param name: name of the task, for the purposes of introspection and debugging
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def start(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, Any]],
+                    *args: object, name: object = None) -> object:
+        """
+        Start a new task and wait until it signals for readiness.
+
+        :param func: a coroutine function
+        :param args: positional arguments to call the function with
+        :param name: name of the task, for the purposes of introspection and debugging
+        :return: the value passed to ``task_status.started()``
+        :raises RuntimeError: if the task finishes without calling ``task_status.started()``
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> 'TaskGroup':
+        """Enter the task group context and allow starting new tasks."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        """Exit the task group context waiting for all tasks to finish."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_testing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_testing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cc9822
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/abc/_testing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import types
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
+from typing import Any, Awaitable, Callable, Dict, Optional, Type, TypeVar
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+
+
+class TestRunner(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Encapsulates a running event loop. Every call made through this object will use the same event
+    loop.
+    """
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> 'TestRunner':
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[types.TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        self.close()
+        return None
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Close the event loop."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def call(self, func: Callable[..., Awaitable[_T]],
+             *args: object, **kwargs: Dict[str, Any]) -> _T:
+        """
+        Call the given function within the backend's event loop.
+
+        :param func: a callable returning an awaitable
+        :param args: positional arguments to call ``func`` with
+        :param kwargs: keyword arguments to call ``func`` with
+        :return: the return value of ``func``
+        """
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/from_thread.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/from_thread.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0dfcec9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/from_thread.py
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+import threading
+from asyncio import iscoroutine
+from concurrent.futures import FIRST_COMPLETED, Future, ThreadPoolExecutor, wait
+from contextlib import AbstractContextManager, contextmanager
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    Any, AsyncContextManager, Callable, ContextManager, Coroutine, Dict, Generator, Iterable,
+    Optional, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, Union, cast, overload)
+from warnings import warn
+
+from ._core import _eventloop
+from ._core._eventloop import get_asynclib, get_cancelled_exc_class, threadlocals
+from ._core._synchronization import Event
+from ._core._tasks import CancelScope, create_task_group
+from .abc._tasks import TaskStatus
+
+T_Retval = TypeVar('T_Retval')
+T_co = TypeVar('T_co')
+
+
+def run(func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval]], *args: object) -> T_Retval:
+    """
+    Call a coroutine function from a worker thread.
+
+    :param func: a coroutine function
+    :param args: positional arguments for the callable
+    :return: the return value of the coroutine function
+
+    """
+    try:
+        asynclib = threadlocals.current_async_module
+    except AttributeError:
+        raise RuntimeError('This function can only be run from an AnyIO worker thread')
+
+    return asynclib.run_async_from_thread(func, *args)
+
+
+def run_async_from_thread(func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval]],
+                          *args: object) -> T_Retval:
+    warn('run_async_from_thread() has been deprecated, use anyio.from_thread.run() instead',
+         DeprecationWarning)
+    return run(func, *args)
+
+
+def run_sync(func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object) -> T_Retval:
+    """
+    Call a function in the event loop thread from a worker thread.
+
+    :param func: a callable
+    :param args: positional arguments for the callable
+    :return: the return value of the callable
+
+    """
+    try:
+        asynclib = threadlocals.current_async_module
+    except AttributeError:
+        raise RuntimeError('This function can only be run from an AnyIO worker thread')
+
+    return asynclib.run_sync_from_thread(func, *args)
+
+
+def run_sync_from_thread(func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object) -> T_Retval:
+    warn('run_sync_from_thread() has been deprecated, use anyio.from_thread.run_sync() instead',
+         DeprecationWarning)
+    return run_sync(func, *args)
+
+
+class _BlockingAsyncContextManager(AbstractContextManager):
+    _enter_future: Future
+    _exit_future: Future
+    _exit_event: Event
+    _exit_exc_info: Tuple[Optional[Type[BaseException]], Optional[BaseException],
+                          Optional[TracebackType]] = (None, None, None)
+
+    def __init__(self, async_cm: AsyncContextManager[T_co], portal: 'BlockingPortal'):
+        self._async_cm = async_cm
+        self._portal = portal
+
+    async def run_async_cm(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        try:
+            self._exit_event = Event()
+            value = await self._async_cm.__aenter__()
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            self._enter_future.set_exception(exc)
+            raise
+        else:
+            self._enter_future.set_result(value)
+
+        try:
+            # Wait for the sync context manager to exit.
+            # This next statement can raise `get_cancelled_exc_class()` if
+            # something went wrong in a task group in this async context
+            # manager.
+            await self._exit_event.wait()
+        finally:
+            # In case of cancellation, it could be that we end up here before
+            # `_BlockingAsyncContextManager.__exit__` is called, and an
+            # `_exit_exc_info` has been set.
+            result = await self._async_cm.__aexit__(*self._exit_exc_info)
+            return result
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> T_co:
+        self._enter_future = Future()
+        self._exit_future = self._portal.start_task_soon(self.run_async_cm)
+        cm = self._enter_future.result()
+        return cast(T_co, cm)
+
+    def __exit__(self, __exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 __exc_value: Optional[BaseException],
+                 __traceback: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        self._exit_exc_info = __exc_type, __exc_value, __traceback
+        self._portal.call(self._exit_event.set)
+        return self._exit_future.result()
+
+
+class _BlockingPortalTaskStatus(TaskStatus):
+    def __init__(self, future: Future):
+        self._future = future
+
+    def started(self, value: object = None) -> None:
+        self._future.set_result(value)
+
+
+class BlockingPortal:
+    """An object that lets external threads run code in an asynchronous event loop."""
+
+    def __new__(cls) -> 'BlockingPortal':
+        return get_asynclib().BlockingPortal()
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._event_loop_thread_id: Optional[int] = threading.get_ident()
+        self._stop_event = Event()
+        self._task_group = create_task_group()
+        self._cancelled_exc_class = get_cancelled_exc_class()
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> 'BlockingPortal':
+        await self._task_group.__aenter__()
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        await self.stop()
+        return await self._task_group.__aexit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
+
+    def _check_running(self) -> None:
+        if self._event_loop_thread_id is None:
+            raise RuntimeError('This portal is not running')
+        if self._event_loop_thread_id == threading.get_ident():
+            raise RuntimeError('This method cannot be called from the event loop thread')
+
+    async def sleep_until_stopped(self) -> None:
+        """Sleep until :meth:`stop` is called."""
+        await self._stop_event.wait()
+
+    async def stop(self, cancel_remaining: bool = False) -> None:
+        """
+        Signal the portal to shut down.
+
+        This marks the portal as no longer accepting new calls and exits from
+        :meth:`sleep_until_stopped`.
+
+        :param cancel_remaining: ``True`` to cancel all the remaining tasks, ``False`` to let them
+            finish before returning
+
+        """
+        self._event_loop_thread_id = None
+        self._stop_event.set()
+        if cancel_remaining:
+            self._task_group.cancel_scope.cancel()
+
+    async def _call_func(self, func: Callable, args: tuple, kwargs: Dict[str, Any],
+                         future: Future) -> None:
+        def callback(f: Future) -> None:
+            if f.cancelled() and self._event_loop_thread_id not in (None, threading.get_ident()):
+                self.call(scope.cancel)
+
+        try:
+            retval = func(*args, **kwargs)
+            if iscoroutine(retval):
+                with CancelScope() as scope:
+                    if future.cancelled():
+                        scope.cancel()
+                    else:
+                        future.add_done_callback(callback)
+
+                    retval = await retval
+        except self._cancelled_exc_class:
+            future.cancel()
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            if not future.cancelled():
+                future.set_exception(exc)
+
+            # Let base exceptions fall through
+            if not isinstance(exc, Exception):
+                raise
+        else:
+            if not future.cancelled():
+                future.set_result(retval)
+        finally:
+            scope = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    def _spawn_task_from_thread(self, func: Callable, args: tuple, kwargs: Dict[str, Any],
+                                name: object, future: Future) -> None:
+        """
+        Spawn a new task using the given callable.
+
+        Implementors must ensure that the future is resolved when the task finishes.
+
+        :param func: a callable
+        :param args: positional arguments to be passed to the callable
+        :param kwargs: keyword arguments to be passed to the callable
+        :param name: name of the task (will be coerced to a string if not ``None``)
+        :param future: a future that will resolve to the return value of the callable, or the
+            exception raised during its execution
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @overload
+    def call(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval]], *args: object) -> T_Retval:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def call(self, func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object) -> T_Retval:
+        ...
+
+    def call(self, func: Callable[..., Union[Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval], T_Retval]],
+             *args: object) -> T_Retval:
+        """
+        Call the given function in the event loop thread.
+
+        If the callable returns a coroutine object, it is awaited on.
+
+        :param func: any callable
+        :raises RuntimeError: if the portal is not running or if this method is called from within
+            the event loop thread
+
+        """
+        return cast(T_Retval, self.start_task_soon(func, *args).result())
+
+    @overload
+    def spawn_task(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval]],
+                   *args: object, name: object = None) -> "Future[T_Retval]":
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def spawn_task(self, func: Callable[..., T_Retval],
+                   *args: object, name: object = None) -> "Future[T_Retval]": ...
+
+    def spawn_task(self, func: Callable[..., Union[Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval], T_Retval]],
+                   *args: object, name: object = None) -> "Future[T_Retval]":
+        """
+        Start a task in the portal's task group.
+
+        :param func: the target coroutine function
+        :param args: positional arguments passed to ``func``
+        :param name: name of the task (will be coerced to a string if not ``None``)
+        :return: a future that resolves with the return value of the callable if the task completes
+            successfully, or with the exception raised in the task
+        :raises RuntimeError: if the portal is not running or if this method is called from within
+            the event loop thread
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.1
+        .. deprecated:: 3.0
+           Use :meth:`start_task_soon` instead. If your code needs AnyIO 2 compatibility, you
+           can keep using this until AnyIO 4.
+
+        """
+        warn('spawn_task() is deprecated -- use start_task_soon() instead', DeprecationWarning)
+        return self.start_task_soon(func, *args, name=name)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+    @overload
+    def start_task_soon(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval]],
+                        *args: object, name: object = None) -> "Future[T_Retval]":
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def start_task_soon(self, func: Callable[..., T_Retval],
+                        *args: object, name: object = None) -> "Future[T_Retval]": ...
+
+    def start_task_soon(self, func: Callable[..., Union[Coroutine[Any, Any, T_Retval], T_Retval]],
+                        *args: object, name: object = None) -> "Future[T_Retval]":
+        """
+        Start a task in the portal's task group.
+
+        The task will be run inside a cancel scope which can be cancelled by cancelling the
+        returned future.
+
+        :param func: the target coroutine function
+        :param args: positional arguments passed to ``func``
+        :param name: name of the task (will be coerced to a string if not ``None``)
+        :return: a future that resolves with the return value of the callable if the task completes
+            successfully, or with the exception raised in the task
+        :raises RuntimeError: if the portal is not running or if this method is called from within
+            the event loop thread
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+
+        """
+        self._check_running()
+        f: Future = Future()
+        self._spawn_task_from_thread(func, args, {}, name, f)
+        return f
+
+    def start_task(self, func: Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, Any]], *args: object,
+                   name: object = None) -> Tuple['Future[Any]', Any]:
+        """
+        Start a task in the portal's task group and wait until it signals for readiness.
+
+        This method works the same way as :meth:`TaskGroup.start`.
+
+        :param func: the target coroutine function
+        :param args: positional arguments passed to ``func``
+        :param name: name of the task (will be coerced to a string if not ``None``)
+        :return: a tuple of (future, task_status_value) where the ``task_status_value`` is the
+            value passed to ``task_status.started()`` from within the target function
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+
+        """
+        def task_done(future: Future) -> None:
+            if not task_status_future.done():
+                if future.cancelled():
+                    task_status_future.cancel()
+                elif future.exception():
+                    task_status_future.set_exception(future.exception())
+                else:
+                    exc = RuntimeError('Task exited without calling task_status.started()')
+                    task_status_future.set_exception(exc)
+
+        self._check_running()
+        task_status_future: Future = Future()
+        task_status = _BlockingPortalTaskStatus(task_status_future)
+        f: Future = Future()
+        f.add_done_callback(task_done)
+        self._spawn_task_from_thread(func, args, {'task_status': task_status}, name, f)
+        return f, task_status_future.result()
+
+    def wrap_async_context_manager(self, cm: AsyncContextManager[T_co]) -> ContextManager[T_co]:
+        """
+        Wrap an async context manager as a synchronous context manager via this portal.
+
+        Spawns a task that will call both ``__aenter__()`` and ``__aexit__()``, stopping in the
+        middle until the synchronous context manager exits.
+
+        :param cm: an asynchronous context manager
+        :return: a synchronous context manager
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.1
+
+        """
+        return _BlockingAsyncContextManager(cm, self)
+
+
+def create_blocking_portal() -> BlockingPortal:
+    """
+    Create a portal for running functions in the event loop thread from external threads.
+
+    Use this function in asynchronous code when you need to allow external threads access to the
+    event loop where your asynchronous code is currently running.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+        Use :class:`.BlockingPortal` directly.
+
+    """
+    warn('create_blocking_portal() has been deprecated -- use anyio.from_thread.BlockingPortal() '
+         'directly', DeprecationWarning)
+    return BlockingPortal()
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def start_blocking_portal(
+        backend: str = 'asyncio',
+        backend_options: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None) -> Generator[BlockingPortal, Any, None]:
+    """
+    Start a new event loop in a new thread and run a blocking portal in its main task.
+
+    The parameters are the same as for :func:`~anyio.run`.
+
+    :param backend: name of the backend
+    :param backend_options: backend options
+    :return: a context manager that yields a blocking portal
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        Usage as a context manager is now required.
+
+    """
+    async def run_portal() -> None:
+        async with BlockingPortal() as portal_:
+            if future.set_running_or_notify_cancel():
+                future.set_result(portal_)
+                await portal_.sleep_until_stopped()
+
+    future: Future[BlockingPortal] = Future()
+    with ThreadPoolExecutor(1) as executor:
+        run_future = executor.submit(_eventloop.run, run_portal, backend=backend,
+                                     backend_options=backend_options)
+        try:
+            wait(cast(Iterable[Future], [run_future, future]), return_when=FIRST_COMPLETED)
+        except BaseException:
+            future.cancel()
+            run_future.cancel()
+            raise
+
+        if future.done():
+            portal = future.result()
+            try:
+                yield portal
+            except BaseException:
+                portal.call(portal.stop, True)
+                raise
+
+            portal.call(portal.stop, False)
+
+        run_future.result()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/lowlevel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/lowlevel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..446e9e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/lowlevel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+import enum
+import sys
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Dict, Generic, Set, TypeVar, Union, overload
+from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary
+
+from ._core._eventloop import get_asynclib
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Literal
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import Literal
+
+T = TypeVar('T')
+D = TypeVar('D')
+
+
+async def checkpoint() -> None:
+    """
+    Check for cancellation and allow the scheduler to switch to another task.
+
+    Equivalent to (but more efficient than)::
+
+        await checkpoint_if_cancelled()
+        await cancel_shielded_checkpoint()
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0
+
+    """
+    await get_asynclib().checkpoint()
+
+
+async def checkpoint_if_cancelled() -> None:
+    """
+    Enter a checkpoint if the enclosing cancel scope has been cancelled.
+
+    This does not allow the scheduler to switch to a different task.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0
+
+    """
+    await get_asynclib().checkpoint_if_cancelled()
+
+
+async def cancel_shielded_checkpoint() -> None:
+    """
+    Allow the scheduler to switch to another task but without checking for cancellation.
+
+    Equivalent to (but potentially more efficient than)::
+
+        with CancelScope(shield=True):
+            await checkpoint()
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0
+
+    """
+    await get_asynclib().cancel_shielded_checkpoint()
+
+
+def current_token() -> object:
+    """Return a backend specific token object that can be used to get back to the event loop."""
+    return get_asynclib().current_token()
+
+
+_run_vars = WeakKeyDictionary()  # type: WeakKeyDictionary[Any, Dict[str, Any]]
+_token_wrappers: Dict[Any, '_TokenWrapper'] = {}
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class _TokenWrapper:
+    __slots__ = '_token', '__weakref__'
+    _token: object
+
+
+class _NoValueSet(enum.Enum):
+    NO_VALUE_SET = enum.auto()
+
+
+class RunvarToken(Generic[T]):
+    __slots__ = '_var', '_value', '_redeemed'
+
+    def __init__(self, var: 'RunVar[T]', value: Union[T, Literal[_NoValueSet.NO_VALUE_SET]]):
+        self._var = var
+        self._value: Union[T, Literal[_NoValueSet.NO_VALUE_SET]] = value
+        self._redeemed = False
+
+
+class RunVar(Generic[T]):
+    """Like a :class:`~contextvars.ContextVar`, expect scoped to the running event loop."""
+    __slots__ = '_name', '_default'
+
+    NO_VALUE_SET: Literal[_NoValueSet.NO_VALUE_SET] = _NoValueSet.NO_VALUE_SET
+
+    _token_wrappers: Set[_TokenWrapper] = set()
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str,
+                 default: Union[T, Literal[_NoValueSet.NO_VALUE_SET]] = NO_VALUE_SET):
+        self._name = name
+        self._default = default
+
+    @property
+    def _current_vars(self) -> Dict[str, T]:
+        token = current_token()
+        while True:
+            try:
+                return _run_vars[token]
+            except TypeError:
+                # Happens when token isn't weak referable (TrioToken).
+                # This workaround does mean that some memory will leak on Trio until the problem
+                # is fixed on their end.
+                token = _TokenWrapper(token)
+                self._token_wrappers.add(token)
+            except KeyError:
+                run_vars = _run_vars[token] = {}
+                return run_vars
+
+    @overload
+    def get(self, default: D) -> Union[T, D]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def get(self) -> T: ...
+
+    def get(
+        self, default: Union[D, Literal[_NoValueSet.NO_VALUE_SET]] = NO_VALUE_SET
+    ) -> Union[T, D]:
+        try:
+            return self._current_vars[self._name]
+        except KeyError:
+            if default is not RunVar.NO_VALUE_SET:
+                return default
+            elif self._default is not RunVar.NO_VALUE_SET:
+                return self._default
+
+        raise LookupError(f'Run variable "{self._name}" has no value and no default set')
+
+    def set(self, value: T) -> RunvarToken[T]:
+        current_vars = self._current_vars
+        token = RunvarToken(self, current_vars.get(self._name, RunVar.NO_VALUE_SET))
+        current_vars[self._name] = value
+        return token
+
+    def reset(self, token: RunvarToken[T]) -> None:
+        if token._var is not self:
+            raise ValueError('This token does not belong to this RunVar')
+
+        if token._redeemed:
+            raise ValueError('This token has already been used')
+
+        if token._value is _NoValueSet.NO_VALUE_SET:
+            try:
+                del self._current_vars[self._name]
+            except KeyError:
+                pass
+        else:
+            self._current_vars[self._name] = token._value
+
+        token._redeemed = True
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f'<RunVar name={self._name!r}>'
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/pytest_plugin.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/pytest_plugin.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0cc2fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/pytest_plugin.py
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from inspect import isasyncgenfunction, iscoroutinefunction
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Iterator, Optional, Tuple, cast
+
+import pytest
+import sniffio
+
+from ._core._eventloop import get_all_backends, get_asynclib
+from .abc import TestRunner
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _pytest.config import Config
+
+_current_runner: Optional[TestRunner] = None
+
+
+def extract_backend_and_options(backend: object) -> Tuple[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
+    if isinstance(backend, str):
+        return backend, {}
+    elif isinstance(backend, tuple) and len(backend) == 2:
+        if isinstance(backend[0], str) and isinstance(backend[1], dict):
+            return cast(Tuple[str, Dict[str, Any]], backend)
+
+    raise TypeError('anyio_backend must be either a string or tuple of (string, dict)')
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def get_runner(backend_name: str, backend_options: Dict[str, Any]) -> Iterator[TestRunner]:
+    global _current_runner
+    if _current_runner:
+        yield _current_runner
+        return
+
+    asynclib = get_asynclib(backend_name)
+    token = None
+    if sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.get(None) is None:
+        # Since we're in control of the event loop, we can cache the name of the async library
+        token = sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.set(backend_name)
+
+    try:
+        backend_options = backend_options or {}
+        with asynclib.TestRunner(**backend_options) as runner:
+            _current_runner = runner
+            yield runner
+    finally:
+        _current_runner = None
+        if token:
+            sniffio.current_async_library_cvar.reset(token)
+
+
+def pytest_configure(config: "Config") -> None:
+    config.addinivalue_line('markers', 'anyio: mark the (coroutine function) test to be run '
+                                       'asynchronously via anyio.')
+
+
+def pytest_fixture_setup(fixturedef: Any, request: Any) -> None:
+    def wrapper(*args, anyio_backend, **kwargs):  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
+        backend_name, backend_options = extract_backend_and_options(anyio_backend)
+        if has_backend_arg:
+            kwargs['anyio_backend'] = anyio_backend
+
+        with get_runner(backend_name, backend_options) as runner:
+            if isasyncgenfunction(func):
+                gen = func(*args, **kwargs)
+                try:
+                    value = runner.call(gen.asend, None)
+                except StopAsyncIteration:
+                    raise RuntimeError('Async generator did not yield')
+
+                yield value
+
+                try:
+                    runner.call(gen.asend, None)
+                except StopAsyncIteration:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    runner.call(gen.aclose)
+                    raise RuntimeError('Async generator fixture did not stop')
+            else:
+                yield runner.call(func, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    # Only apply this to coroutine functions and async generator functions in requests that involve
+    # the anyio_backend fixture
+    func = fixturedef.func
+    if isasyncgenfunction(func) or iscoroutinefunction(func):
+        if 'anyio_backend' in request.fixturenames:
+            has_backend_arg = 'anyio_backend' in fixturedef.argnames
+            fixturedef.func = wrapper
+            if not has_backend_arg:
+                fixturedef.argnames += ('anyio_backend',)
+
+
+@pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
+def pytest_pycollect_makeitem(collector: Any, name: Any, obj: Any) -> None:
+    if collector.istestfunction(obj, name):
+        inner_func = obj.hypothesis.inner_test if hasattr(obj, 'hypothesis') else obj
+        if iscoroutinefunction(inner_func):
+            marker = collector.get_closest_marker('anyio')
+            own_markers = getattr(obj, 'pytestmark', ())
+            if marker or any(marker.name == 'anyio' for marker in own_markers):
+                pytest.mark.usefixtures('anyio_backend')(obj)
+
+
+@pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
+def pytest_pyfunc_call(pyfuncitem: Any) -> Optional[bool]:
+    def run_with_hypothesis(**kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        with get_runner(backend_name, backend_options) as runner:
+            runner.call(original_func, **kwargs)
+
+    backend = pyfuncitem.funcargs.get('anyio_backend')
+    if backend:
+        backend_name, backend_options = extract_backend_and_options(backend)
+
+        if hasattr(pyfuncitem.obj, 'hypothesis'):
+            # Wrap the inner test function unless it's already wrapped
+            original_func = pyfuncitem.obj.hypothesis.inner_test
+            if original_func.__qualname__ != run_with_hypothesis.__qualname__:
+                if iscoroutinefunction(original_func):
+                    pyfuncitem.obj.hypothesis.inner_test = run_with_hypothesis
+
+            return None
+
+        if iscoroutinefunction(pyfuncitem.obj):
+            funcargs = pyfuncitem.funcargs
+            testargs = {arg: funcargs[arg] for arg in pyfuncitem._fixtureinfo.argnames}
+            with get_runner(backend_name, backend_options) as runner:
+                runner.call(pyfuncitem.obj, **testargs)
+
+            return True
+
+    return None
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(params=get_all_backends())
+def anyio_backend(request: Any) -> Any:
+    return request.param
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def anyio_backend_name(anyio_backend: Any) -> str:
+    if isinstance(anyio_backend, str):
+        return anyio_backend
+    else:
+        return anyio_backend[0]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def anyio_backend_options(anyio_backend: Any) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    if isinstance(anyio_backend, str):
+        return {}
+    else:
+        return anyio_backend[1]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/buffered.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/buffered.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee220ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/buffered.py
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Callable, Mapping
+
+from .. import ClosedResourceError, DelimiterNotFound, EndOfStream, IncompleteRead
+from ..abc import AnyByteReceiveStream, ByteReceiveStream
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class BufferedByteReceiveStream(ByteReceiveStream):
+    """
+    Wraps any bytes-based receive stream and uses a buffer to provide sophisticated receiving
+    capabilities in the form of a byte stream.
+    """
+
+    receive_stream: AnyByteReceiveStream
+    _buffer: bytearray = field(init=False, default_factory=bytearray)
+    _closed: bool = field(init=False, default=False)
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self.receive_stream.aclose()
+        self._closed = True
+
+    @property
+    def buffer(self) -> bytes:
+        """The bytes currently in the buffer."""
+        return bytes(self._buffer)
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        return self.receive_stream.extra_attributes
+
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
+        if self._closed:
+            raise ClosedResourceError
+
+        if self._buffer:
+            chunk = bytes(self._buffer[:max_bytes])
+            del self._buffer[:max_bytes]
+            return chunk
+        elif isinstance(self.receive_stream, ByteReceiveStream):
+            return await self.receive_stream.receive(max_bytes)
+        else:
+            # With a bytes-oriented object stream, we need to handle any surplus bytes we get from
+            # the receive() call
+            chunk = await self.receive_stream.receive()
+            if len(chunk) > max_bytes:
+                # Save the surplus bytes in the buffer
+                self._buffer.extend(chunk[max_bytes:])
+                return chunk[:max_bytes]
+            else:
+                return chunk
+
+    async def receive_exactly(self, nbytes: int) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Read exactly the given amount of bytes from the stream.
+
+        :param nbytes: the number of bytes to read
+        :return: the bytes read
+        :raises ~anyio.IncompleteRead: if the stream was closed before the requested
+            amount of bytes could be read from the stream
+
+        """
+        while True:
+            remaining = nbytes - len(self._buffer)
+            if remaining <= 0:
+                retval = self._buffer[:nbytes]
+                del self._buffer[:nbytes]
+                return bytes(retval)
+
+            try:
+                if isinstance(self.receive_stream, ByteReceiveStream):
+                    chunk = await self.receive_stream.receive(remaining)
+                else:
+                    chunk = await self.receive_stream.receive()
+            except EndOfStream as exc:
+                raise IncompleteRead from exc
+
+            self._buffer.extend(chunk)
+
+    async def receive_until(self, delimiter: bytes, max_bytes: int) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Read from the stream until the delimiter is found or max_bytes have been read.
+
+        :param delimiter: the marker to look for in the stream
+        :param max_bytes: maximum number of bytes that will be read before raising
+            :exc:`~anyio.DelimiterNotFound`
+        :return: the bytes read (not including the delimiter)
+        :raises ~anyio.IncompleteRead: if the stream was closed before the delimiter
+            was found
+        :raises ~anyio.DelimiterNotFound: if the delimiter is not found within the
+            bytes read up to the maximum allowed
+
+        """
+        delimiter_size = len(delimiter)
+        offset = 0
+        while True:
+            # Check if the delimiter can be found in the current buffer
+            index = self._buffer.find(delimiter, offset)
+            if index >= 0:
+                found = self._buffer[:index]
+                del self._buffer[:index + len(delimiter):]
+                return bytes(found)
+
+            # Check if the buffer is already at or over the limit
+            if len(self._buffer) >= max_bytes:
+                raise DelimiterNotFound(max_bytes)
+
+            # Read more data into the buffer from the socket
+            try:
+                data = await self.receive_stream.receive()
+            except EndOfStream as exc:
+                raise IncompleteRead from exc
+
+            # Move the offset forward and add the new data to the buffer
+            offset = max(len(self._buffer) - delimiter_size + 1, 0)
+            self._buffer.extend(data)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/file.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/file.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9dc0739
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/file.py
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+from io import SEEK_SET, UnsupportedOperation
+from os import PathLike
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, BinaryIO, Callable, Dict, Mapping, Union, cast
+
+from .. import (
+    BrokenResourceError, ClosedResourceError, EndOfStream, TypedAttributeSet, to_thread,
+    typed_attribute)
+from ..abc import ByteReceiveStream, ByteSendStream
+
+
+class FileStreamAttribute(TypedAttributeSet):
+    #: the open file descriptor
+    file: BinaryIO = typed_attribute()
+    #: the path of the file on the file system, if available (file must be a real file)
+    path: Path = typed_attribute()
+    #: the file number, if available (file must be a real file or a TTY)
+    fileno: int = typed_attribute()
+
+
+class _BaseFileStream:
+    def __init__(self, file: BinaryIO):
+        self._file = file
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await to_thread.run_sync(self._file.close)
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        attributes: Dict[Any, Callable[[], Any]] = {
+            FileStreamAttribute.file: lambda: self._file,
+        }
+
+        if hasattr(self._file, 'name'):
+            attributes[FileStreamAttribute.path] = lambda: Path(self._file.name)
+
+        try:
+            self._file.fileno()
+        except UnsupportedOperation:
+            pass
+        else:
+            attributes[FileStreamAttribute.fileno] = lambda: self._file.fileno()
+
+        return attributes
+
+
+class FileReadStream(_BaseFileStream, ByteReceiveStream):
+    """
+    A byte stream that reads from a file in the file system.
+
+    :param file: a file that has been opened for reading in binary mode
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def from_path(cls, path: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]']) -> 'FileReadStream':
+        """
+        Create a file read stream by opening the given file.
+
+        :param path: path of the file to read from
+
+        """
+        file = await to_thread.run_sync(Path(path).open, 'rb')
+        return cls(cast(BinaryIO, file))
+
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            data = await to_thread.run_sync(self._file.read, max_bytes)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise ClosedResourceError from None
+        except OSError as exc:
+            raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+
+        if data:
+            return data
+        else:
+            raise EndOfStream
+
+    async def seek(self, position: int, whence: int = SEEK_SET) -> int:
+        """
+        Seek the file to the given position.
+
+        .. seealso:: :meth:`io.IOBase.seek`
+
+        .. note:: Not all file descriptors are seekable.
+
+        :param position: position to seek the file to
+        :param whence: controls how ``position`` is interpreted
+        :return: the new absolute position
+        :raises OSError: if the file is not seekable
+
+        """
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._file.seek, position, whence)
+
+    async def tell(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Return the current stream position.
+
+        .. note:: Not all file descriptors are seekable.
+
+        :return: the current absolute position
+        :raises OSError: if the file is not seekable
+
+        """
+        return await to_thread.run_sync(self._file.tell)
+
+
+class FileWriteStream(_BaseFileStream, ByteSendStream):
+    """
+    A byte stream that writes to a file in the file system.
+
+    :param file: a file that has been opened for writing in binary mode
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def from_path(cls, path: Union[str, 'PathLike[str]'],
+                        append: bool = False) -> 'FileWriteStream':
+        """
+        Create a file write stream by opening the given file for writing.
+
+        :param path: path of the file to write to
+        :param append: if ``True``, open the file for appending; if ``False``, any existing file
+            at the given path will be truncated
+
+        """
+        mode = 'ab' if append else 'wb'
+        file = await to_thread.run_sync(Path(path).open, mode)
+        return cls(cast(BinaryIO, file))
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        try:
+            await to_thread.run_sync(self._file.write, item)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise ClosedResourceError from None
+        except OSError as exc:
+            raise BrokenResourceError from exc
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/memory.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/memory.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..259b7dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/memory.py
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+from collections import OrderedDict, deque
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Deque, Generic, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Type, TypeVar
+
+from .. import (
+    BrokenResourceError, ClosedResourceError, EndOfStream, WouldBlock, get_cancelled_exc_class)
+from .._core._compat import DeprecatedAwaitable
+from ..abc import Event, ObjectReceiveStream, ObjectSendStream
+from ..lowlevel import checkpoint
+
+T_Item = TypeVar('T_Item')
+
+
+class MemoryObjectStreamStatistics(NamedTuple):
+    current_buffer_used: int  #: number of items stored in the buffer
+    #: maximum number of items that can be stored on this stream (or :data:`math.inf`)
+    max_buffer_size: float
+    open_send_streams: int  #: number of unclosed clones of the send stream
+    open_receive_streams: int  #: number of unclosed clones of the receive stream
+    tasks_waiting_send: int  #: number of tasks blocked on :meth:`MemoryObjectSendStream.send`
+    #: number of tasks blocked on :meth:`MemoryObjectReceiveStream.receive`
+    tasks_waiting_receive: int
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class MemoryObjectStreamState(Generic[T_Item]):
+    max_buffer_size: float = field()
+    buffer: Deque[T_Item] = field(init=False, default_factory=deque)
+    open_send_channels: int = field(init=False, default=0)
+    open_receive_channels: int = field(init=False, default=0)
+    waiting_receivers: 'OrderedDict[Event, List[T_Item]]' = field(init=False,
+                                                                  default_factory=OrderedDict)
+    waiting_senders: 'OrderedDict[Event, T_Item]' = field(init=False, default_factory=OrderedDict)
+
+    def statistics(self) -> MemoryObjectStreamStatistics:
+        return MemoryObjectStreamStatistics(
+            len(self.buffer), self.max_buffer_size, self.open_send_channels,
+            self.open_receive_channels, len(self.waiting_senders), len(self.waiting_receivers))
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class MemoryObjectReceiveStream(Generic[T_Item], ObjectReceiveStream[T_Item]):
+    _state: MemoryObjectStreamState[T_Item]
+    _closed: bool = field(init=False, default=False)
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        self._state.open_receive_channels += 1
+
+    def receive_nowait(self) -> T_Item:
+        """
+        Receive the next item if it can be done without waiting.
+
+        :return: the received item
+        :raises ~anyio.ClosedResourceError: if this send stream has been closed
+        :raises ~anyio.EndOfStream: if the buffer is empty and this stream has been
+            closed from the sending end
+        :raises ~anyio.WouldBlock: if there are no items in the buffer and no tasks
+            waiting to send
+
+        """
+        if self._closed:
+            raise ClosedResourceError
+
+        if self._state.waiting_senders:
+            # Get the item from the next sender
+            send_event, item = self._state.waiting_senders.popitem(last=False)
+            self._state.buffer.append(item)
+            send_event.set()
+
+        if self._state.buffer:
+            return self._state.buffer.popleft()
+        elif not self._state.open_send_channels:
+            raise EndOfStream
+
+        raise WouldBlock
+
+    async def receive(self) -> T_Item:
+        await checkpoint()
+        try:
+            return self.receive_nowait()
+        except WouldBlock:
+            # Add ourselves in the queue
+            receive_event = Event()
+            container: List[T_Item] = []
+            self._state.waiting_receivers[receive_event] = container
+
+            try:
+                await receive_event.wait()
+            except get_cancelled_exc_class():
+                # Ignore the immediate cancellation if we already received an item, so as not to
+                # lose it
+                if not container:
+                    raise
+            finally:
+                self._state.waiting_receivers.pop(receive_event, None)
+
+            if container:
+                return container[0]
+            else:
+                raise EndOfStream
+
+    def clone(self) -> 'MemoryObjectReceiveStream[T_Item]':
+        """
+        Create a clone of this receive stream.
+
+        Each clone can be closed separately. Only when all clones have been closed will the
+        receiving end of the memory stream be considered closed by the sending ends.
+
+        :return: the cloned stream
+
+        """
+        if self._closed:
+            raise ClosedResourceError
+
+        return MemoryObjectReceiveStream(_state=self._state)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the stream.
+
+        This works the exact same way as :meth:`aclose`, but is provided as a special case for the
+        benefit of synchronous callbacks.
+
+        """
+        if not self._closed:
+            self._closed = True
+            self._state.open_receive_channels -= 1
+            if self._state.open_receive_channels == 0:
+                send_events = list(self._state.waiting_senders.keys())
+                for event in send_events:
+                    event.set()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        self.close()
+
+    def statistics(self) -> MemoryObjectStreamStatistics:
+        """
+        Return statistics about the current state of this stream.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        return self._state.statistics()
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> 'MemoryObjectReceiveStream[T_Item]':
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> None:
+        self.close()
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class MemoryObjectSendStream(Generic[T_Item], ObjectSendStream[T_Item]):
+    _state: MemoryObjectStreamState[T_Item]
+    _closed: bool = field(init=False, default=False)
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        self._state.open_send_channels += 1
+
+    def send_nowait(self, item: T_Item) -> DeprecatedAwaitable:
+        """
+        Send an item immediately if it can be done without waiting.
+
+        :param item: the item to send
+        :raises ~anyio.ClosedResourceError: if this send stream has been closed
+        :raises ~anyio.BrokenResourceError: if the stream has been closed from the
+            receiving end
+        :raises ~anyio.WouldBlock: if the buffer is full and there are no tasks waiting
+            to receive
+
+        """
+        if self._closed:
+            raise ClosedResourceError
+        if not self._state.open_receive_channels:
+            raise BrokenResourceError
+
+        if self._state.waiting_receivers:
+            receive_event, container = self._state.waiting_receivers.popitem(last=False)
+            container.append(item)
+            receive_event.set()
+        elif len(self._state.buffer) < self._state.max_buffer_size:
+            self._state.buffer.append(item)
+        else:
+            raise WouldBlock
+
+        return DeprecatedAwaitable(self.send_nowait)
+
+    async def send(self, item: T_Item) -> None:
+        await checkpoint()
+        try:
+            self.send_nowait(item)
+        except WouldBlock:
+            # Wait until there's someone on the receiving end
+            send_event = Event()
+            self._state.waiting_senders[send_event] = item
+            try:
+                await send_event.wait()
+            except BaseException:
+                self._state.waiting_senders.pop(send_event, None)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                raise
+
+            if self._state.waiting_senders.pop(send_event, None):  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                raise BrokenResourceError
+
+    def clone(self) -> 'MemoryObjectSendStream[T_Item]':
+        """
+        Create a clone of this send stream.
+
+        Each clone can be closed separately. Only when all clones have been closed will the
+        sending end of the memory stream be considered closed by the receiving ends.
+
+        :return: the cloned stream
+
+        """
+        if self._closed:
+            raise ClosedResourceError
+
+        return MemoryObjectSendStream(_state=self._state)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the stream.
+
+        This works the exact same way as :meth:`aclose`, but is provided as a special case for the
+        benefit of synchronous callbacks.
+
+        """
+        if not self._closed:
+            self._closed = True
+            self._state.open_send_channels -= 1
+            if self._state.open_send_channels == 0:
+                receive_events = list(self._state.waiting_receivers.keys())
+                self._state.waiting_receivers.clear()
+                for event in receive_events:
+                    event.set()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        self.close()
+
+    def statistics(self) -> MemoryObjectStreamStatistics:
+        """
+        Return statistics about the current state of this stream.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        return self._state.statistics()
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> 'MemoryObjectSendStream[T_Item]':
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+                 exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+                 exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType]) -> None:
+        self.close()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/stapled.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/stapled.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d5e7fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/stapled.py
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Callable, Generic, List, Mapping, Optional, Sequence, TypeVar
+
+from ..abc import (
+    ByteReceiveStream, ByteSendStream, ByteStream, Listener, ObjectReceiveStream, ObjectSendStream,
+    ObjectStream, TaskGroup)
+
+T_Item = TypeVar('T_Item')
+T_Stream = TypeVar('T_Stream')
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class StapledByteStream(ByteStream):
+    """
+    Combines two byte streams into a single, bidirectional byte stream.
+
+    Extra attributes will be provided from both streams, with the receive stream providing the
+    values in case of a conflict.
+
+    :param ByteSendStream send_stream: the sending byte stream
+    :param ByteReceiveStream receive_stream: the receiving byte stream
+    """
+
+    send_stream: ByteSendStream
+    receive_stream: ByteReceiveStream
+
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
+        return await self.receive_stream.receive(max_bytes)
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        await self.send_stream.send(item)
+
+    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        await self.send_stream.aclose()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self.send_stream.aclose()
+        await self.receive_stream.aclose()
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        return {**self.send_stream.extra_attributes, **self.receive_stream.extra_attributes}
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class StapledObjectStream(Generic[T_Item], ObjectStream[T_Item]):
+    """
+    Combines two object streams into a single, bidirectional object stream.
+
+    Extra attributes will be provided from both streams, with the receive stream providing the
+    values in case of a conflict.
+
+    :param ObjectSendStream send_stream: the sending object stream
+    :param ObjectReceiveStream receive_stream: the receiving object stream
+    """
+
+    send_stream: ObjectSendStream[T_Item]
+    receive_stream: ObjectReceiveStream[T_Item]
+
+    async def receive(self) -> T_Item:
+        return await self.receive_stream.receive()
+
+    async def send(self, item: T_Item) -> None:
+        await self.send_stream.send(item)
+
+    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        await self.send_stream.aclose()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self.send_stream.aclose()
+        await self.receive_stream.aclose()
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        return {**self.send_stream.extra_attributes, **self.receive_stream.extra_attributes}
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class MultiListener(Generic[T_Stream], Listener[T_Stream]):
+    """
+    Combines multiple listeners into one, serving connections from all of them at once.
+
+    Any MultiListeners in the given collection of listeners will have their listeners moved into
+    this one.
+
+    Extra attributes are provided from each listener, with each successive listener overriding any
+    conflicting attributes from the previous one.
+
+    :param listeners: listeners to serve
+    :type listeners: Sequence[Listener[T_Stream]]
+    """
+
+    listeners: Sequence[Listener[T_Stream]]
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        listeners: List[Listener[T_Stream]] = []
+        for listener in self.listeners:
+            if isinstance(listener, MultiListener):
+                listeners.extend(listener.listeners)
+                del listener.listeners[:]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            else:
+                listeners.append(listener)
+
+        self.listeners = listeners
+
+    async def serve(self, handler: Callable[[T_Stream], Any],
+                    task_group: Optional[TaskGroup] = None) -> None:
+        from .. import create_task_group
+
+        async with create_task_group() as tg:
+            for listener in self.listeners:
+                tg.start_soon(listener.serve, handler, task_group)
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        for listener in self.listeners:
+            await listener.aclose()
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        attributes: dict = {}
+        for listener in self.listeners:
+            attributes.update(listener.extra_attributes)
+
+        return attributes
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/text.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/text.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d352b5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/text.py
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+import codecs
+from dataclasses import InitVar, dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Callable, Mapping, Tuple
+
+from ..abc import (
+    AnyByteReceiveStream, AnyByteSendStream, AnyByteStream, ObjectReceiveStream, ObjectSendStream,
+    ObjectStream)
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class TextReceiveStream(ObjectReceiveStream[str]):
+    """
+    Stream wrapper that decodes bytes to strings using the given encoding.
+
+    Decoding is done using :class:`~codecs.IncrementalDecoder` which returns any completely
+    received unicode characters as soon as they come in.
+
+    :param transport_stream: any bytes-based receive stream
+    :param encoding: character encoding to use for decoding bytes to strings (defaults to
+        ``utf-8``)
+    :param errors: handling scheme for decoding errors (defaults to ``strict``; see the
+        `codecs module documentation`_ for a comprehensive list of options)
+
+    .. _codecs module documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/codecs.html#codec-objects
+    """
+
+    transport_stream: AnyByteReceiveStream
+    encoding: InitVar[str] = 'utf-8'
+    errors: InitVar[str] = 'strict'
+    _decoder: codecs.IncrementalDecoder = field(init=False)
+
+    def __post_init__(self, encoding: str, errors: str) -> None:
+        decoder_class = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(encoding)
+        self._decoder = decoder_class(errors=errors)
+
+    async def receive(self) -> str:
+        while True:
+            chunk = await self.transport_stream.receive()
+            decoded = self._decoder.decode(chunk)
+            if decoded:
+                return decoded
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self.transport_stream.aclose()
+        self._decoder.reset()
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        return self.transport_stream.extra_attributes
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class TextSendStream(ObjectSendStream[str]):
+    """
+    Sends strings to the wrapped stream as bytes using the given encoding.
+
+    :param AnyByteSendStream transport_stream: any bytes-based send stream
+    :param str encoding: character encoding to use for encoding strings to bytes (defaults to
+        ``utf-8``)
+    :param str errors: handling scheme for encoding errors (defaults to ``strict``; see the
+        `codecs module documentation`_ for a comprehensive list of options)
+
+    .. _codecs module documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/codecs.html#codec-objects
+    """
+
+    transport_stream: AnyByteSendStream
+    encoding: InitVar[str] = 'utf-8'
+    errors: str = 'strict'
+    _encoder: Callable[..., Tuple[bytes, int]] = field(init=False)
+
+    def __post_init__(self, encoding: str) -> None:
+        self._encoder = codecs.getencoder(encoding)
+
+    async def send(self, item: str) -> None:
+        encoded = self._encoder(item, self.errors)[0]
+        await self.transport_stream.send(encoded)
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self.transport_stream.aclose()
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        return self.transport_stream.extra_attributes
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class TextStream(ObjectStream[str]):
+    """
+    A bidirectional stream that decodes bytes to strings on receive and encodes strings to bytes on
+    send.
+
+    Extra attributes will be provided from both streams, with the receive stream providing the
+    values in case of a conflict.
+
+    :param AnyByteStream transport_stream: any bytes-based stream
+    :param str encoding: character encoding to use for encoding/decoding strings to/from bytes
+        (defaults to ``utf-8``)
+    :param str errors: handling scheme for encoding errors (defaults to ``strict``; see the
+        `codecs module documentation`_ for a comprehensive list of options)
+
+    .. _codecs module documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/codecs.html#codec-objects
+    """
+
+    transport_stream: AnyByteStream
+    encoding: InitVar[str] = 'utf-8'
+    errors: InitVar[str] = 'strict'
+    _receive_stream: TextReceiveStream = field(init=False)
+    _send_stream: TextSendStream = field(init=False)
+
+    def __post_init__(self, encoding: str, errors: str) -> None:
+        self._receive_stream = TextReceiveStream(self.transport_stream, encoding=encoding,
+                                                 errors=errors)
+        self._send_stream = TextSendStream(self.transport_stream, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
+
+    async def receive(self) -> str:
+        return await self._receive_stream.receive()
+
+    async def send(self, item: str) -> None:
+        await self._send_stream.send(item)
+
+    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        await self.transport_stream.send_eof()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self._send_stream.aclose()
+        await self._receive_stream.aclose()
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        return {**self._send_stream.extra_attributes, **self._receive_stream.extra_attributes}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/tls.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/tls.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b235426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/streams/tls.py
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+import logging
+import re
+import ssl
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from functools import wraps
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Mapping, Optional, Tuple, TypeVar, Union
+
+from .. import BrokenResourceError, EndOfStream, aclose_forcefully, get_cancelled_exc_class
+from .._core._typedattr import TypedAttributeSet, typed_attribute
+from ..abc import AnyByteStream, ByteStream, Listener, TaskGroup
+
+T_Retval = TypeVar('T_Retval')
+_PCTRTT = Tuple[Tuple[str, str], ...]
+_PCTRTTT = Tuple[_PCTRTT, ...]
+
+
+class TLSAttribute(TypedAttributeSet):
+    """Contains Transport Layer Security related attributes."""
+    #: the selected ALPN protocol
+    alpn_protocol: Optional[str] = typed_attribute()
+    #: the channel binding for type ``tls-unique``
+    channel_binding_tls_unique: bytes = typed_attribute()
+    #: the selected cipher
+    cipher: Tuple[str, str, int] = typed_attribute()
+    #: the peer certificate in dictionary form (see :meth:`ssl.SSLSocket.getpeercert` for more
+    #: information)
+    peer_certificate: Optional[Dict[str, Union[str, _PCTRTTT, _PCTRTT]]] = typed_attribute()
+    #: the peer certificate in binary form
+    peer_certificate_binary: Optional[bytes] = typed_attribute()
+    #: ``True`` if this is the server side of the connection
+    server_side: bool = typed_attribute()
+    #: ciphers shared between both ends of the TLS connection
+    shared_ciphers: List[Tuple[str, str, int]] = typed_attribute()
+    #: the :class:`~ssl.SSLObject` used for encryption
+    ssl_object: ssl.SSLObject = typed_attribute()
+    #: ``True`` if this stream does (and expects) a closing TLS handshake when the stream is being
+    #: closed
+    standard_compatible: bool = typed_attribute()
+    #: the TLS protocol version (e.g. ``TLSv1.2``)
+    tls_version: str = typed_attribute()
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class TLSStream(ByteStream):
+    """
+    A stream wrapper that encrypts all sent data and decrypts received data.
+
+    This class has no public initializer; use :meth:`wrap` instead.
+    All extra attributes from :class:`~TLSAttribute` are supported.
+
+    :var AnyByteStream transport_stream: the wrapped stream
+
+    """
+    transport_stream: AnyByteStream
+    standard_compatible: bool
+    _ssl_object: ssl.SSLObject
+    _read_bio: ssl.MemoryBIO
+    _write_bio: ssl.MemoryBIO
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def wrap(cls, transport_stream: AnyByteStream, *, server_side: Optional[bool] = None,
+                   hostname: Optional[str] = None, ssl_context: Optional[ssl.SSLContext] = None,
+                   standard_compatible: bool = True) -> 'TLSStream':
+        """
+        Wrap an existing stream with Transport Layer Security.
+
+        This performs a TLS handshake with the peer.
+
+        :param transport_stream: a bytes-transporting stream to wrap
+        :param server_side: ``True`` if this is the server side of the connection, ``False`` if
+            this is the client side (if omitted, will be set to ``False`` if ``hostname`` has been
+            provided, ``False`` otherwise). Used only to create a default context when an explicit
+            context has not been provided.
+        :param hostname: host name of the peer (if host name checking is desired)
+        :param ssl_context: the SSLContext object to use (if not provided, a secure default will be
+            created)
+        :param standard_compatible: if ``False``, skip the closing handshake when closing the
+            connection, and don't raise an exception if the peer does the same
+        :raises ~ssl.SSLError: if the TLS handshake fails
+
+        """
+        if server_side is None:
+            server_side = not hostname
+
+        if not ssl_context:
+            purpose = ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH if server_side else ssl.Purpose.SERVER_AUTH
+            ssl_context = ssl.create_default_context(purpose)
+
+            # Re-enable detection of unexpected EOFs if it was disabled by Python
+            if hasattr(ssl, 'OP_IGNORE_UNEXPECTED_EOF'):
+                ssl_context.options ^= ssl.OP_IGNORE_UNEXPECTED_EOF  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+        bio_in = ssl.MemoryBIO()
+        bio_out = ssl.MemoryBIO()
+        ssl_object = ssl_context.wrap_bio(bio_in, bio_out, server_side=server_side,
+                                          server_hostname=hostname)
+        wrapper = cls(transport_stream=transport_stream,
+                      standard_compatible=standard_compatible, _ssl_object=ssl_object,
+                      _read_bio=bio_in, _write_bio=bio_out)
+        await wrapper._call_sslobject_method(ssl_object.do_handshake)
+        return wrapper
+
+    async def _call_sslobject_method(
+        self, func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object
+    ) -> T_Retval:
+        while True:
+            try:
+                result = func(*args)
+            except ssl.SSLWantReadError:
+                try:
+                    # Flush any pending writes first
+                    if self._write_bio.pending:
+                        await self.transport_stream.send(self._write_bio.read())
+
+                    data = await self.transport_stream.receive()
+                except EndOfStream:
+                    self._read_bio.write_eof()
+                except OSError as exc:
+                    self._read_bio.write_eof()
+                    self._write_bio.write_eof()
+                    raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+                else:
+                    self._read_bio.write(data)
+            except ssl.SSLWantWriteError:
+                await self.transport_stream.send(self._write_bio.read())
+            except ssl.SSLSyscallError as exc:
+                self._read_bio.write_eof()
+                self._write_bio.write_eof()
+                raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+            except ssl.SSLError as exc:
+                self._read_bio.write_eof()
+                self._write_bio.write_eof()
+                if (isinstance(exc, ssl.SSLEOFError)
+                        or 'UNEXPECTED_EOF_WHILE_READING' in exc.strerror):
+                    if self.standard_compatible:
+                        raise BrokenResourceError from exc
+                    else:
+                        raise EndOfStream from None
+
+                raise
+            else:
+                # Flush any pending writes first
+                if self._write_bio.pending:
+                    await self.transport_stream.send(self._write_bio.read())
+
+                return result
+
+    async def unwrap(self) -> Tuple[AnyByteStream, bytes]:
+        """
+        Does the TLS closing handshake.
+
+        :return: a tuple of (wrapped byte stream, bytes left in the read buffer)
+
+        """
+        await self._call_sslobject_method(self._ssl_object.unwrap)
+        self._read_bio.write_eof()
+        self._write_bio.write_eof()
+        return self.transport_stream, self._read_bio.read()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if self.standard_compatible:
+            try:
+                await self.unwrap()
+            except BaseException:
+                await aclose_forcefully(self.transport_stream)
+                raise
+
+        await self.transport_stream.aclose()
+
+    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
+        data = await self._call_sslobject_method(self._ssl_object.read, max_bytes)
+        if not data:
+            raise EndOfStream
+
+        return data
+
+    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
+        await self._call_sslobject_method(self._ssl_object.write, item)
+
+    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        tls_version = self.extra(TLSAttribute.tls_version)
+        match = re.match(r'TLSv(\d+)(?:\.(\d+))?', tls_version)
+        if match:
+            major, minor = int(match.group(1)), int(match.group(2) or 0)
+            if (major, minor) < (1, 3):
+                raise NotImplementedError(f'send_eof() requires at least TLSv1.3; current '
+                                          f'session uses {tls_version}')
+
+        raise NotImplementedError('send_eof() has not yet been implemented for TLS streams')
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        return {
+            **self.transport_stream.extra_attributes,
+            TLSAttribute.alpn_protocol: self._ssl_object.selected_alpn_protocol,
+            TLSAttribute.channel_binding_tls_unique: self._ssl_object.get_channel_binding,
+            TLSAttribute.cipher: self._ssl_object.cipher,
+            TLSAttribute.peer_certificate: lambda: self._ssl_object.getpeercert(False),
+            TLSAttribute.peer_certificate_binary: lambda: self._ssl_object.getpeercert(True),
+            TLSAttribute.server_side: lambda: self._ssl_object.server_side,
+            TLSAttribute.shared_ciphers: lambda: self._ssl_object.shared_ciphers(),
+            TLSAttribute.standard_compatible: lambda: self.standard_compatible,
+            TLSAttribute.ssl_object: lambda: self._ssl_object,
+            TLSAttribute.tls_version: self._ssl_object.version
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False)
+class TLSListener(Listener[TLSStream]):
+    """
+    A convenience listener that wraps another listener and auto-negotiates a TLS session on every
+    accepted connection.
+
+    If the TLS handshake times out or raises an exception, :meth:`handle_handshake_error` is
+    called to do whatever post-mortem processing is deemed necessary.
+
+    Supports only the :attr:`~TLSAttribute.standard_compatible` extra attribute.
+
+    :param Listener listener: the listener to wrap
+    :param ssl_context: the SSL context object
+    :param standard_compatible: a flag passed through to :meth:`TLSStream.wrap`
+    :param handshake_timeout: time limit for the TLS handshake
+        (passed to :func:`~anyio.fail_after`)
+    """
+
+    listener: Listener[Any]
+    ssl_context: ssl.SSLContext
+    standard_compatible: bool = True
+    handshake_timeout: float = 30
+
+    @staticmethod
+    async def handle_handshake_error(exc: BaseException, stream: AnyByteStream) -> None:
+        f"""
+        Handle an exception raised during the TLS handshake.
+
+        This method does 3 things:
+
+        #. Forcefully closes the original stream
+        #. Logs the exception (unless it was a cancellation exception) using the ``{__name__}``
+           logger
+        #. Reraises the exception if it was a base exception or a cancellation exception
+
+        :param exc: the exception
+        :param stream: the original stream
+
+        """
+        await aclose_forcefully(stream)
+
+        # Log all except cancellation exceptions
+        if not isinstance(exc, get_cancelled_exc_class()):
+            logging.getLogger(__name__).exception('Error during TLS handshake')
+
+        # Only reraise base exceptions and cancellation exceptions
+        if not isinstance(exc, Exception) or isinstance(exc, get_cancelled_exc_class()):
+            raise
+
+    async def serve(self, handler: Callable[[TLSStream], Any],
+                    task_group: Optional[TaskGroup] = None) -> None:
+        @wraps(handler)
+        async def handler_wrapper(stream: AnyByteStream) -> None:
+            from .. import fail_after
+            try:
+                with fail_after(self.handshake_timeout):
+                    wrapped_stream = await TLSStream.wrap(
+                        stream, ssl_context=self.ssl_context,
+                        standard_compatible=self.standard_compatible)
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                await self.handle_handshake_error(exc, stream)
+            else:
+                await handler(wrapped_stream)
+
+        await self.listener.serve(handler_wrapper, task_group)
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self.listener.aclose()
+
+    @property
+    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
+        return {
+            TLSAttribute.standard_compatible: lambda: self.standard_compatible,
+        }
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/to_process.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/to_process.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..463b21c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/to_process.py
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+import os
+import pickle
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from collections import deque
+from importlib.util import module_from_spec, spec_from_file_location
+from typing import Callable, Deque, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, TypeVar, cast
+
+from ._core._eventloop import current_time, get_asynclib, get_cancelled_exc_class
+from ._core._exceptions import BrokenWorkerProcess
+from ._core._subprocesses import open_process
+from ._core._synchronization import CapacityLimiter
+from ._core._tasks import CancelScope, fail_after
+from .abc import ByteReceiveStream, ByteSendStream, Process
+from .lowlevel import RunVar, checkpoint_if_cancelled
+from .streams.buffered import BufferedByteReceiveStream
+
+WORKER_MAX_IDLE_TIME = 300  # 5 minutes
+
+T_Retval = TypeVar('T_Retval')
+_process_pool_workers: RunVar[Set[Process]] = RunVar('_process_pool_workers')
+_process_pool_idle_workers: RunVar[Deque[Tuple[Process, float]]] = RunVar(
+    '_process_pool_idle_workers')
+_default_process_limiter: RunVar[CapacityLimiter] = RunVar('_default_process_limiter')
+
+
+async def run_sync(
+        func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object, cancellable: bool = False,
+        limiter: Optional[CapacityLimiter] = None) -> T_Retval:
+    """
+    Call the given function with the given arguments in a worker process.
+
+    If the ``cancellable`` option is enabled and the task waiting for its completion is cancelled,
+    the worker process running it will be abruptly terminated using SIGKILL (or
+    ``terminateProcess()`` on Windows).
+
+    :param func: a callable
+    :param args: positional arguments for the callable
+    :param cancellable: ``True`` to allow cancellation of the operation while it's running
+    :param limiter: capacity limiter to use to limit the total amount of processes running
+        (if omitted, the default limiter is used)
+    :return: an awaitable that yields the return value of the function.
+
+    """
+    async def send_raw_command(pickled_cmd: bytes) -> object:
+        try:
+            await stdin.send(pickled_cmd)
+            response = await buffered.receive_until(b'\n', 50)
+            status, length = response.split(b' ')
+            if status not in (b'RETURN', b'EXCEPTION'):
+                raise RuntimeError(f'Worker process returned unexpected response: {response!r}')
+
+            pickled_response = await buffered.receive_exactly(int(length))
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            workers.discard(process)
+            try:
+                process.kill()
+                with CancelScope(shield=True):
+                    await process.aclose()
+            except ProcessLookupError:
+                pass
+
+            if isinstance(exc, get_cancelled_exc_class()):
+                raise
+            else:
+                raise BrokenWorkerProcess from exc
+
+        retval = pickle.loads(pickled_response)
+        if status == b'EXCEPTION':
+            assert isinstance(retval, BaseException)
+            raise retval
+        else:
+            return retval
+
+    # First pickle the request before trying to reserve a worker process
+    await checkpoint_if_cancelled()
+    request = pickle.dumps(('run', func, args), protocol=pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
+
+    # If this is the first run in this event loop thread, set up the necessary variables
+    try:
+        workers = _process_pool_workers.get()
+        idle_workers = _process_pool_idle_workers.get()
+    except LookupError:
+        workers = set()
+        idle_workers = deque()
+        _process_pool_workers.set(workers)
+        _process_pool_idle_workers.set(idle_workers)
+        get_asynclib().setup_process_pool_exit_at_shutdown(workers)
+
+    async with (limiter or current_default_process_limiter()):
+        # Pop processes from the pool (starting from the most recently used) until we find one that
+        # hasn't exited yet
+        process: Process
+        while idle_workers:
+            process, idle_since = idle_workers.pop()
+            if process.returncode is None:
+                stdin = cast(ByteSendStream, process.stdin)
+                buffered = BufferedByteReceiveStream(cast(ByteReceiveStream, process.stdout))
+
+                # Prune any other workers that have been idle for WORKER_MAX_IDLE_TIME seconds or
+                # longer
+                now = current_time()
+                killed_processes: List[Process] = []
+                while idle_workers:
+                    if now - idle_workers[0][1] < WORKER_MAX_IDLE_TIME:
+                        break
+
+                    process, idle_since = idle_workers.popleft()
+                    process.kill()
+                    workers.remove(process)
+                    killed_processes.append(process)
+
+                with CancelScope(shield=True):
+                    for process in killed_processes:
+                        await process.aclose()
+
+                break
+
+            workers.remove(process)
+        else:
+            command = [sys.executable, '-u', '-m', __name__]
+            process = await open_process(command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+            try:
+                stdin = cast(ByteSendStream, process.stdin)
+                buffered = BufferedByteReceiveStream(cast(ByteReceiveStream, process.stdout))
+                with fail_after(20):
+                    message = await buffered.receive(6)
+
+                if message != b'READY\n':
+                    raise BrokenWorkerProcess(
+                        f'Worker process returned unexpected response: {message!r}')
+
+                main_module_path = getattr(sys.modules['__main__'], '__file__', None)
+                pickled = pickle.dumps(('init', sys.path, main_module_path),
+                                       protocol=pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
+                await send_raw_command(pickled)
+            except (BrokenWorkerProcess, get_cancelled_exc_class()):
+                raise
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                process.kill()
+                raise BrokenWorkerProcess('Error during worker process initialization') from exc
+
+            workers.add(process)
+
+        with CancelScope(shield=not cancellable):
+            try:
+                return cast(T_Retval, await send_raw_command(request))
+            finally:
+                if process in workers:
+                    idle_workers.append((process, current_time()))
+
+
+def current_default_process_limiter() -> CapacityLimiter:
+    """
+    Return the capacity limiter that is used by default to limit the number of worker processes.
+
+    :return: a capacity limiter object
+
+    """
+    try:
+        return _default_process_limiter.get()
+    except LookupError:
+        limiter = CapacityLimiter(os.cpu_count() or 2)
+        _default_process_limiter.set(limiter)
+        return limiter
+
+
+def process_worker() -> None:
+    # Redirect standard streams to os.devnull so that user code won't interfere with the
+    # parent-worker communication
+    stdin = sys.stdin
+    stdout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdin = open(os.devnull)
+    sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, 'w')
+
+    stdout.buffer.write(b'READY\n')
+    while True:
+        retval = exception = None
+        try:
+            command, *args = pickle.load(stdin.buffer)
+        except EOFError:
+            return
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            exception = exc
+        else:
+            if command == 'run':
+                func, args = args
+                try:
+                    retval = func(*args)
+                except BaseException as exc:
+                    exception = exc
+            elif command == 'init':
+                main_module_path: Optional[str]
+                sys.path, main_module_path = args
+                del sys.modules['__main__']
+                if main_module_path:
+                    # Load the parent's main module but as __mp_main__ instead of __main__
+                    # (like multiprocessing does) to avoid infinite recursion
+                    try:
+                        spec = spec_from_file_location('__mp_main__', main_module_path)
+                        if spec and spec.loader:
+                            main = module_from_spec(spec)
+                            spec.loader.exec_module(main)
+                            sys.modules['__main__'] = main
+                    except BaseException as exc:
+                        exception = exc
+
+        try:
+            if exception is not None:
+                status = b'EXCEPTION'
+                pickled = pickle.dumps(exception, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
+            else:
+                status = b'RETURN'
+                pickled = pickle.dumps(retval, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            exception = exc
+            status = b'EXCEPTION'
+            pickled = pickle.dumps(exc, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
+
+        stdout.buffer.write(b'%s %d\n' % (status, len(pickled)))
+        stdout.buffer.write(pickled)
+
+        # Respect SIGTERM
+        if isinstance(exception, SystemExit):
+            raise exception
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    process_worker()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/to_thread.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/to_thread.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fc9589
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anyio/to_thread.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from typing import Callable, Optional, TypeVar
+from warnings import warn
+
+from ._core._eventloop import get_asynclib
+from .abc import CapacityLimiter
+
+T_Retval = TypeVar('T_Retval')
+
+
+async def run_sync(
+        func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object, cancellable: bool = False,
+        limiter: Optional[CapacityLimiter] = None) -> T_Retval:
+    """
+    Call the given function with the given arguments in a worker thread.
+
+    If the ``cancellable`` option is enabled and the task waiting for its completion is cancelled,
+    the thread will still run its course but its return value (or any raised exception) will be
+    ignored.
+
+    :param func: a callable
+    :param args: positional arguments for the callable
+    :param cancellable: ``True`` to allow cancellation of the operation
+    :param limiter: capacity limiter to use to limit the total amount of threads running
+        (if omitted, the default limiter is used)
+    :return: an awaitable that yields the return value of the function.
+
+    """
+    return await get_asynclib().run_sync_in_worker_thread(func, *args, cancellable=cancellable,
+                                                          limiter=limiter)
+
+
+async def run_sync_in_worker_thread(
+        func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object, cancellable: bool = False,
+        limiter: Optional[CapacityLimiter] = None) -> T_Retval:
+    warn('run_sync_in_worker_thread() has been deprecated, use anyio.to_thread.run_sync() instead',
+         DeprecationWarning)
+    return await run_sync(func, *args, cancellable=cancellable, limiter=limiter)
+
+
+def current_default_thread_limiter() -> CapacityLimiter:
+    """
+    Return the capacity limiter that is used by default to limit the number of concurrent threads.
+
+    :return: a capacity limiter object
+
+    """
+    return get_asynclib().current_default_thread_limiter()
+
+
+def current_default_worker_thread_limiter() -> CapacityLimiter:
+    warn('current_default_worker_thread_limiter() has been deprecated, '
+         'use anyio.to_thread.current_default_thread_limiter() instead',
+         DeprecationWarning)
+    return current_default_thread_limiter()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/LICENSE.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8aa2645
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) [year] [fullname]
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e1afa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: apischema
+Version: 0.16.6
+Summary: JSON (de)serialization, *GraphQL* and JSON schema generation using Python typing.
+Home-page: https://github.com/wyfo/apischema
+Author: Joseph Perez
+Author-email: joperez@hotmail.fr
+License: MIT
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 4 - Beta
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE.txt
+Requires-Dist: dataclasses (==0.7) ; python_version < "3.7"
+Provides-Extra: examples
+Requires-Dist: graphql-core (>=3.0.0) ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: attrs ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: docstring-parser ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: bson ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: orjson ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: pydantic ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: pytest ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: sqlalchemy ; extra == 'examples'
+Provides-Extra: graphql
+Requires-Dist: graphql-core (>=3.0.0) ; extra == 'graphql'
+
+# apischema
+
+JSON (de)serialization, *GraphQL* and JSON schema generation using Python typing.
+
+*apischema* makes your life easier when dealing with API data.
+
+## Documentation
+
+[https://wyfo.github.io/apischema/](https://wyfo.github.io/apischema/)
+
+## Install
+```shell
+pip install apischema
+```
+It requires only Python 3.6+ (and dataclasses [official backport](https://pypi.org/project/dataclasses/) for version 3.6 only)
+
+*PyPy3* is fully supported.
+
+## Why another library?
+
+(If you wonder how this differs from the *pydantic* library, see the [dedicated section of the documentation](https://wyfo.github.io/apischema/difference_with_pydantic/) — there are many differences.)
+
+This library fulfills the following goals:
+
+- stay as close as possible to the standard library (dataclasses, typing, etc.) — as a consequence we do not need plugins for editors/linters/etc.;
+- be adaptable, provide tools to support any types (ORM, etc.);
+- avoid dynamic things like using raw strings for attributes name - play nicely with your IDE.
+
+No known alternative achieves all of this, and apischema is also [faster](https://wyfo.github.io/apischema/performance_and_benchmark) than all of them.
+
+On top of that, because APIs are not only JSON, *apischema* is also a complete *GraphQL* library.
+
+## Example
+
+```python
+from collections.abc import Collection
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from uuid import UUID, uuid4
+
+from graphql import print_schema
+from pytest import raises
+
+from apischema import ValidationError, deserialize, serialize
+from apischema.graphql import graphql_schema
+from apischema.json_schema import deserialization_schema
+
+
+# Define a schema with standard dataclasses
+@dataclass
+class Resource:
+    id: UUID
+    name: str
+    tags: set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+
+
+# Get some data
+uuid = uuid4()
+data = {"id": str(uuid), "name": "wyfo", "tags": ["some_tag"]}
+# Deserialize data
+resource = deserialize(Resource, data)
+assert resource == Resource(uuid, "wyfo", {"some_tag"})
+# Serialize objects
+assert serialize(Resource, resource) == data
+# Validate during deserialization
+with raises(ValidationError) as err:  # pytest checks exception is raised
+    deserialize(Resource, {"id": "42", "name": "wyfo"})
+assert err.value.errors == [
+    {"loc": ["id"], "msg": "badly formed hexadecimal UUID string"}
+]
+# Generate JSON Schema
+assert deserialization_schema(Resource) == {
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema#",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+        "id": {"type": "string", "format": "uuid"},
+        "name": {"type": "string"},
+        "tags": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}, "uniqueItems": True},
+    },
+    "required": ["id", "name"],
+    "additionalProperties": False,
+}
+
+
+# Define GraphQL operations
+def resources(tags: Collection[str] | None = None) -> Collection[Resource] | None:
+    ...
+
+
+# Generate GraphQL schema
+schema = graphql_schema(query=[resources], id_types={UUID})
+schema_str = """\
+type Query {
+  resources(tags: [String!]): [Resource!]
+}
+
+type Resource {
+  id: ID!
+  name: String!
+  tags: [String!]!
+}
+"""
+assert print_schema(schema) == schema_str
+```
+*apischema* works out of the box with your data model.
+
+[*Let's start the apischema tour.*](https://wyfo.github.io/apischema/)
+
+## Changelog
+
+See [releases](https://github.com/wyfo/apischema/releases)
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d73a859
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
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+apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/LICENSE.txt,sha256=ACwmltkrXIz5VsEQcrqljq-fat6ZXAMepjXGoe40KtE,1069
+apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=e25BznRCYVpAF92b5HEEZwFX47s_2PYY7BEo9bbCxFE,4727
+apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/RECORD,,
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+apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=zW0-6yTDoOL1hAiW09vIidai_o1RmEB0JfImev9wq44,10
+apischema/__init__.py,sha256=CdbV9VkcY0ioAvF_nn9A3p5nn271HMtPoHU0Nb3OF-8,2404
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f36dfb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema-0.16.6.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+apischema
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb2bb8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "PassThroughOptions",
+    "Undefined",
+    "UndefinedType",
+    "Unsupported",
+    "ValidationError",
+    "alias",
+    "dependent_required",
+    "deserialization_method",
+    "deserialize",
+    "deserializer",
+    "identity",
+    "order",
+    "properties",
+    "schema",
+    "schema_ref",
+    "serialization_default",
+    "serialization_method",
+    "serialize",
+    "serialized",
+    "serializer",
+    "settings",
+    "type_name",
+    "validator",
+]
+
+import warnings
+
+from . import (  # noqa: F401
+    cache,
+    conversions,
+    dataclasses,
+    fields,
+    json_schema,
+    metadata,
+    objects,
+    skip,
+    tagged_unions,
+    validation,
+)
+from .aliases import alias
+from .conversions import deserializer, serializer
+from .dependencies import dependent_required
+from .deserialization import deserialization_method, deserialize
+from .metadata import properties
+from .ordering import order
+from .schemas import schema
+from .serialization import (
+    PassThroughOptions,
+    serialization_default,
+    serialization_method,
+    serialize,
+)
+from .serialization.serialized_methods import serialized
+from .settings import settings
+from .type_names import schema_ref, type_name
+from .types import Undefined, UndefinedType
+from .utils import identity
+from .validation import ValidationError, validator
+from .visitor import Unsupported
+
+try:
+    import graphql as _gql
+
+    if _gql.__version__.startswith("2."):
+        warnings.warn(
+            f"graphql-core version {_gql.__version__} is incompatible with apischema;\n"
+            "GraphQL schema generation is thus not available."
+        )
+    else:
+        from . import graphql  # noqa: F401
+
+        __all__.append("graphql")
+    del _gql
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+
+def __getattr__(name):
+    if name == "graphql":
+        raise AttributeError(
+            "GraphQL feature requires graphql-core library\n"
+            "Run `pip install apischema[graphql]` to install it"
+        )
+    if name == "skip":
+        warnings.warn("apischema.skip module is deprecated")
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__!r} has no attribute {name!r}")
+
+
+def register_default_conversions():
+    """Handle standard library + internal types"""
+    from . import std_types  # noqa: F401
+
+    deserializer(ValidationError.from_errors)
+    serializer(ValidationError.errors)
+
+
+register_default_conversions()
+del register_default_conversions
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/aliases.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/aliases.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..572a1c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/aliases.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+from typing import Callable, MutableMapping, TypeVar, overload
+
+from apischema.cache import CacheAwareDict
+from apischema.types import Metadata, MetadataImplem
+
+Aliaser = Callable[[str], str]
+Cls = TypeVar("Cls", bound=type)
+
+_class_aliasers: MutableMapping[type, Aliaser] = CacheAwareDict({})
+
+get_class_aliaser = _class_aliasers.get
+
+
+@overload
+def alias(alias_: str, *, override: bool = True) -> Metadata:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def alias(override: bool) -> Metadata:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def alias(aliaser: Aliaser) -> Callable[[Cls], Cls]:
+    ...
+
+
+def alias(arg=None, *, override: bool = True):  # type: ignore
+    """Field alias or class aliaser
+
+    :param alias_: alias of the field
+    :param override: alias can be overridden by a class aliaser
+    :param aliaser: compute alias for each (overridable) field of the class decorated
+    """
+    from apischema.metadata.keys import ALIAS_METADATA, ALIAS_NO_OVERRIDE_METADATA
+
+    if callable(arg):
+
+        def aliaser(cls: Cls) -> Cls:
+            _class_aliasers[cls] = arg
+            return cls
+
+        return aliaser
+    else:
+        metadata = MetadataImplem()
+        if arg is not None:
+            metadata[ALIAS_METADATA] = arg
+        if not override:
+            metadata[ALIAS_NO_OVERRIDE_METADATA] = True
+        if not metadata:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+        return metadata
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/cache.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4323cc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+__all__ = ["cache", "reset", "set_size"]
+import sys
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import Callable, Iterator, MutableMapping, TypeVar, cast
+
+from apischema.utils import type_dict_wrapper
+
+_cached: list = []
+
+Func = TypeVar("Func", bound=Callable)
+
+
+def cache(func: Func) -> Func:
+    cached = cast(Func, lru_cache()(func))
+    _cached.append(cached)
+    return cached
+
+
+def reset():
+    for cached in _cached:
+        cached.cache_clear()
+
+
+def set_size(size: int):
+    for cached in _cached:
+        wrapped = cached.__wrapped__
+        setattr(
+            sys.modules[wrapped.__module__], wrapped.__name__, lru_cache(size)(wrapped)
+        )
+
+
+K = TypeVar("K")
+V = TypeVar("V")
+
+
+class CacheAwareDict(MutableMapping[K, V]):
+    def __init__(self, wrapped: MutableMapping[K, V]):
+        self.wrapped = type_dict_wrapper(wrapped)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: K) -> V:
+        return self.wrapped[key]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: K, value: V):
+        self.wrapped[key] = value
+        reset()
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key: K):
+        del self.wrapped[key]
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self.wrapped)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[K]:
+        return iter(self.wrapped)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c30c8f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "AnyConversion",
+    "Conversion",
+    "LazyConversion",
+    "as_names",
+    "as_str",
+    "dataclass_input_wrapper",
+    "deserializer",
+    "reset_deserializers",
+    "reset_serializer",
+    "serializer",
+]
+
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+from .conversions import AnyConversion, Conversion, LazyConversion
+from .converters import (
+    as_names,
+    as_str,
+    deserializer,
+    reset_deserializers,
+    reset_serializer,
+    serializer,
+)
+from .wrappers import dataclass_input_wrapper
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):
+
+    def __getattr__(name):
+        if name == "identity":
+            from apischema.utils import identity  # noqa: F811
+
+            warnings.warn(
+                "apischema.conversions.identity is deprecated, "
+                "use apischema.identity instead",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            return identity
+        raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__} has no attribute {name}")
+
+else:
+    from apischema.utils import identity  # noqa: F401
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/conversions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/conversions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e97b1cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/conversions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Generic,
+    List,
+    NewType,
+    Optional,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from apischema.conversions.utils import Converter, converter_types
+from apischema.dataclasses import replace
+from apischema.methods import is_method, method_class, method_wrapper
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.typing import is_type_var
+from apischema.utils import deprecate_kwargs, identity
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    pass
+
+ConvOrProp = TypeVar("ConvOrProp", Converter, property)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Conversion(Generic[ConvOrProp]):
+    converter: ConvOrProp
+    source: AnyType = None
+    target: AnyType = None
+    sub_conversion: Optional["AnyConversion"] = None
+    inherited: Optional[bool] = None
+
+
+deprecate_kwargs({"sub_conversions": "sub_conversion"})(Conversion)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class LazyConversion:
+    get: Callable[[], Optional["AnyConversion"]]
+
+    def __post_init__(self):
+        object.__setattr__(self, "get", lru_cache(1)(self.get))
+
+    @property
+    def inherited(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        conversion = self.get()  # type: ignore
+        return isinstance(conversion, Conversion) and conversion.inherited
+
+
+ConvOrFunc = Union[Conversion, Converter, property, LazyConversion]
+AnyConversion = Union[ConvOrFunc, Tuple[ConvOrFunc, ...]]
+DefaultConversion = Callable[[AnyType], Optional[AnyConversion]]
+
+
+ResolvedConversion = NewType("ResolvedConversion", Conversion[Converter])
+ResolvedConversions = Tuple[ResolvedConversion, ...]  # Tuple in order to be hashable
+
+
+def resolve_conversion(
+    conversion: Union[Converter, property, Conversion], namespace: Dict[str, Any] = None
+) -> ResolvedConversion:
+    if not isinstance(conversion, Conversion):
+        conversion = Conversion(conversion)
+    if is_method(conversion.converter):
+        if conversion.source is None:
+            conversion = replace(conversion, source=method_class(conversion.converter))
+        conversion = replace(conversion, converter=method_wrapper(conversion.converter))
+    assert not isinstance(conversion.converter, property)
+    source, target = converter_types(
+        conversion.converter, conversion.source, conversion.target, namespace
+    )
+    return ResolvedConversion(replace(conversion, source=source, target=target))
+
+
+def resolve_any_conversion(conversion: Optional[AnyConversion]) -> ResolvedConversions:
+    if not conversion:
+        return ()
+    result: List[ResolvedConversion] = []
+    for conv in conversion if isinstance(conversion, Collection) else [conversion]:
+        if isinstance(conv, LazyConversion):
+            result.extend(resolve_any_conversion(conv.get()))  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            result.append(resolve_conversion(conv))
+    return tuple(result)
+
+
+def handle_identity_conversion(
+    conversion: ResolvedConversion, tp: AnyType
+) -> ResolvedConversion:
+    if (
+        is_identity(conversion)
+        and conversion.source == conversion.target
+        and is_type_var(conversion.source)
+    ):
+        return ResolvedConversion(replace(conversion, source=tp, target=tp))
+    else:
+        return conversion
+
+
+def is_identity(conversion: ResolvedConversion) -> bool:
+    return (
+        conversion.converter == identity
+        and conversion.source == conversion.target
+        and conversion.sub_conversion is None
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/converters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/converters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09711fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/converters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+import sys
+from collections import defaultdict
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import partial
+from types import new_class
+from typing import (
+    Callable,
+    List,
+    MutableMapping,
+    Optional,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.cache import CacheAwareDict
+from apischema.conversions import LazyConversion
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import (
+    AnyConversion,
+    ConvOrFunc,
+    Conversion,
+    resolve_conversion,
+)
+from apischema.conversions.utils import Converter, is_convertible
+from apischema.methods import MethodOrProperty, MethodWrapper, is_method, method_class
+from apischema.type_names import type_name
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.typing import is_type_var
+from apischema.utils import get_args2, get_origin_or_type, stop_signature_abuse
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    pass
+
+
+_deserializers: MutableMapping[AnyType, List[ConvOrFunc]] = CacheAwareDict(
+    defaultdict(list)
+)
+_serializers: MutableMapping[AnyType, ConvOrFunc] = CacheAwareDict({})
+Deserializer = TypeVar(
+    "Deserializer", bound=Union[Callable, Conversion, staticmethod, type]
+)
+Serializer = TypeVar("Serializer", bound=Union[Callable, Conversion, property, type])
+
+default_deserialization: Callable[[type], Optional[AnyConversion]]
+# defaultdict.get is not hashable in 3.7
+if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+
+    def default_deserialization(tp):
+        return _deserializers.get(tp)
+
+else:
+    default_deserialization = _deserializers.get  # type: ignore
+
+
+def default_serialization(tp: Type) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+    for sub_cls in getattr(tp, "__mro__", [tp]):
+        if sub_cls in _serializers:
+            conversion = _serializers[sub_cls]
+            if (
+                sub_cls == tp
+                or not isinstance(conversion, (Conversion, LazyConversion))
+                or conversion.inherited in (None, True)
+            ):
+                return conversion
+    else:
+        return None
+
+
+def check_converter_type(tp: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+    origin = get_origin_or_type(tp)
+    if not is_convertible(tp):
+        raise TypeError(f"{origin} is not convertible")
+    if not all(map(is_type_var, get_args2(tp))):
+        raise TypeError("Generic conversion doesn't support specialization")
+    return origin
+
+
+def _add_deserializer(conversion: ConvOrFunc, target: AnyType):
+    target = check_converter_type(target)
+    if conversion not in _deserializers[target]:
+        _deserializers[target].append(conversion)
+
+
+class DeserializerDescriptor(MethodWrapper[staticmethod]):
+    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
+        super().__set_name__(owner, name)
+        method = self._method.__get__(None, object)
+        resolved = resolve_conversion(method, {owner.__name__: owner})
+        _add_deserializer(method, resolved.target)
+
+
+@overload
+def deserializer(deserializer: Deserializer) -> Deserializer:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def deserializer(
+    *, lazy: Callable[[], Union[Converter, Conversion]], target: Type
+) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+def deserializer(
+    deserializer: Deserializer = None,
+    *,
+    lazy: Callable[[], Union[Converter, Conversion]] = None,
+    target: Type = None,
+):
+    if deserializer is not None:
+        if isinstance(deserializer, staticmethod):
+            return DeserializerDescriptor(deserializer)
+        elif isinstance(deserializer, LazyConversion):
+            stop_signature_abuse()
+        else:
+            resolved = resolve_conversion(deserializer)  # type: ignore
+            _add_deserializer(deserializer, resolved.target)  # type: ignore
+            return deserializer
+    elif lazy is not None and target is not None:
+        _add_deserializer(LazyConversion(lazy), target)
+    else:
+        stop_signature_abuse()
+
+
+def _add_serializer(conversion: ConvOrFunc, source: AnyType):
+    source = check_converter_type(source)
+    _serializers[source] = conversion
+
+
+class SerializerDescriptor(MethodWrapper[MethodOrProperty]):
+    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
+        super().__set_name__(owner, name)
+        _add_serializer(self._method, source=owner)
+
+
+@overload
+def serializer(serializer: Serializer) -> Serializer:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def serializer(
+    *, lazy: Callable[[], Union[Converter, Conversion]], source: Type
+) -> Callable[[Serializer], Serializer]:
+    ...
+
+
+def serializer(
+    serializer: Serializer = None,
+    *,
+    lazy: Callable[[], Union[Converter, Conversion]] = None,
+    source: Type = None,
+):
+    if serializer is not None:
+        if is_method(serializer) and method_class(serializer) is None:  # type: ignore
+            return SerializerDescriptor(serializer)  # type: ignore
+        elif isinstance(serializer, LazyConversion):
+            stop_signature_abuse()
+        else:
+            resolved = resolve_conversion(serializer)
+            _add_serializer(serializer, resolved.source)
+            return serializer
+    elif lazy is not None and source is not None:
+        _add_serializer(LazyConversion(lazy), source)
+    else:
+        stop_signature_abuse()
+
+
+def reset_deserializers(cls: Type):
+    _deserializers.pop(cls, ...)
+
+
+def reset_serializer(cls: Type):
+    _serializers.pop(cls, ...)
+
+
+Cls = TypeVar("Cls", bound=type)
+
+
+def as_str(cls: Cls) -> Cls:
+    deserializer(Conversion(cls, source=str))
+    serializer(Conversion(str, source=cls))
+    return cls
+
+
+EnumCls = TypeVar("EnumCls", bound=Type[Enum])
+
+
+def as_names(cls: EnumCls, aliaser: Callable[[str], str] = lambda s: s) -> EnumCls:
+    # Enum requires to call namespace __setitem__
+    def exec_body(namespace: dict):
+        for elt in cls:  # type: ignore
+            namespace[elt.name] = aliaser(elt.name)
+
+    if not issubclass(cls, Enum):
+        raise TypeError("as_names must be called with Enum subclass")
+    name_cls = type_name(None)(
+        new_class(cls.__name__, (str, Enum), exec_body=exec_body)
+    )
+    deserializer(Conversion(partial(getattr, cls), source=name_cls, target=cls))
+
+    def get_name(obj):
+        return getattr(name_cls, obj.name)
+
+    serializer(Conversion(get_name, source=cls, target=name_cls))
+    return cls
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/dataclass_models.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/dataclass_models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84b9bca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/dataclass_models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+import warnings
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from types import new_class
+from typing import Callable, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING, Tuple, Type, Union
+
+from apischema.conversions import Conversion
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import ResolvedConversion
+from apischema.dataclasses import replace
+from apischema.utils import PREFIX, identity
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from apischema.deserialization.coercion import Coerce
+
+Model = Union[Type, Callable[[], Type]]
+
+
+def check_model(origin: Type, model: Type):
+    if not isinstance(model, type):
+        raise TypeError("Dataclass model must be a dataclass")
+    if getattr(origin, "__parameters__", ()) != getattr(model, "__parameters__", ()):
+        raise TypeError("Dataclass model must have the same generic parameters")
+
+
+MODEL_ORIGIN_ATTR = f"{PREFIX}model_origin"
+
+DATACLASS_ATTR = "_dataclass"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class DataclassModel:
+    origin: Type
+    model: Model
+    fields_only: bool
+
+    @property
+    def dataclass(self) -> Type:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_dataclass"):
+            origin = self.origin
+            if isinstance(self.model, type):
+                assert check_model(origin, self.model) is None
+                model = self.model
+            else:
+                model = self.model()
+                check_model(origin, model)
+            namespace = {"__new__": lambda _, *args, **kwargs: origin(*args, **kwargs)}
+            if not self.fields_only:
+                namespace[MODEL_ORIGIN_ATTR] = origin
+            cls = new_class(
+                model.__name__, (model,), exec_body=lambda ns: ns.update(namespace)
+            )
+            object.__setattr__(self, "_dataclass", cls)
+        return getattr(self, "_dataclass")
+
+
+def dataclass_model(
+    origin: Type,
+    model: Model,
+    *,
+    fields_only: bool = False,
+    additional_properties: Optional[bool] = None,
+    coercion: Optional["Coerce"] = None,
+    fall_back_on_default: Optional[bool] = None,
+    exclude_unset: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> Tuple[Conversion, Conversion]:
+    warnings.warn(
+        "dataclass_model is deprecated, use set_object_fields instead",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+    )
+    if isinstance(model, type):
+        check_model(origin, model)
+
+    model_type = DataclassModel(origin, model, fields_only)
+    return Conversion(identity, source=model_type, target=origin), Conversion(
+        identity, source=origin, target=model_type
+    )
+
+
+def has_model_origin(cls: Type) -> bool:
+    return hasattr(cls, MODEL_ORIGIN_ATTR)
+
+
+def get_model_origin(cls: Type) -> Type:
+    return getattr(cls, MODEL_ORIGIN_ATTR)
+
+
+def handle_dataclass_model(conversion: ResolvedConversion) -> ResolvedConversion:
+    conv: Conversion = conversion
+    if isinstance(conv.source, DataclassModel):
+        conv = replace(conv, source=conv.source.dataclass)
+    if isinstance(conv.target, DataclassModel):
+        conv = replace(conv, target=conv.target.dataclass)
+    return ResolvedConversion(conv)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd8d8e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+from inspect import Parameter, signature
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Generic, Optional, Tuple, Type, cast
+
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.typing import (
+    get_type_hints,
+    is_annotated,
+    is_literal,
+    is_new_type,
+    is_type,
+    is_union,
+)
+from apischema.utils import get_origin_or_type
+
+Converter = Callable[[Any], Any]
+
+
+def converter_types(
+    converter: Converter,
+    source: Optional[AnyType] = None,
+    target: Optional[AnyType] = None,
+    namespace: Dict[str, Any] = None,
+) -> Tuple[AnyType, AnyType]:
+    try:
+        # in pre 3.9, Generic __new__ perturb signature of types
+        if (
+            isinstance(converter, type)
+            and converter.__new__ is Generic.__new__ is not object.__new__
+            and converter.__init__ is not object.__init__  # type: ignore
+        ):
+            parameters = list(signature(converter.__init__).parameters.values())[1:]  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            parameters = list(signature(converter).parameters.values())
+    except ValueError:  # builtin types
+        if target is None and is_type(converter):
+            target = cast(Type[Any], converter)
+        if source is None:
+            raise TypeError("Converter source is unknown") from None
+    else:
+        if not parameters:
+            raise TypeError("converter must have at least one parameter")
+        first_param, *other_params = parameters
+        for p in other_params:
+            if p.default is Parameter.empty and p.kind not in (
+                Parameter.VAR_POSITIONAL,
+                Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD,
+            ):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "converter must have at most one parameter without default"
+                )
+        if source is not None and target is not None:
+            return source, target
+        types = get_type_hints(converter, None, namespace, include_extras=True)
+        if not types and is_type(converter):
+            types = get_type_hints(
+                converter.__new__, None, namespace, include_extras=True
+            ) or get_type_hints(
+                converter.__init__, None, namespace, include_extras=True  # type: ignore
+            )
+        if source is None:
+            try:
+                source = types.pop(first_param.name)
+            except KeyError:
+                raise TypeError("converter source is unknown") from None
+        if target is None:
+            if is_type(converter):
+                target = cast(Type, converter)
+            else:
+                try:
+                    target = types.pop("return")
+                except KeyError:
+                    raise TypeError("converter target is unknown") from None
+    return source, target
+
+
+def is_convertible(tp: AnyType) -> bool:
+    origin = get_origin_or_type(tp)
+    return is_new_type(tp) or (
+        is_type(origin) and not (is_literal(tp) or is_annotated(tp) or is_union(origin))
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/visitor.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/visitor.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9d58e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/visitor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+from contextlib import contextmanager, suppress
+from dataclasses import replace
+from functools import lru_cache
+from types import new_class
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Collection,
+    Generic,
+    Iterable,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from apischema.conversions import LazyConversion
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import (
+    AnyConversion,
+    DefaultConversion,
+    ResolvedConversion,
+    ResolvedConversions,
+    handle_identity_conversion,
+    is_identity,
+    resolve_any_conversion,
+)
+from apischema.conversions.utils import is_convertible
+from apischema.metadata.implem import ConversionMetadata
+from apischema.metadata.keys import CONVERSION_METADATA
+from apischema.type_names import type_name
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.typing import get_args, is_type_var
+from apischema.utils import (
+    context_setter,
+    get_args2,
+    get_origin_or_type,
+    has_type_vars,
+    is_subclass,
+    substitute_type_vars,
+    subtyping_substitution,
+)
+from apischema.visitor import Result, Unsupported, Visitor
+
+Deserialization = ResolvedConversions
+Serialization = ResolvedConversion
+Conv = TypeVar("Conv")
+
+
+class ConversionsVisitor(Visitor[Result], Generic[Conv, Result]):
+    def __init__(self, default_conversion: DefaultConversion):
+        self.default_conversion = default_conversion
+        self._conversion: Optional[AnyConversion] = None
+
+    def _has_conversion(
+        self, tp: AnyType, conversion: Optional[AnyConversion]
+    ) -> Tuple[bool, Optional[Conv]]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _annotated_conversion(
+        self, annotation: ConversionMetadata
+    ) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def annotated(self, tp: AnyType, annotations: Sequence[Any]) -> Result:
+        for annotation in reversed(annotations):
+            if isinstance(annotation, Mapping) and CONVERSION_METADATA in annotation:
+                with self._replace_conversion(
+                    self._annotated_conversion(annotation[CONVERSION_METADATA])
+                ):
+                    return super().annotated(tp, annotations)
+        return super().annotated(tp, annotations)
+
+    def _union_results(self, alternatives: Iterable[AnyType]) -> Sequence[Result]:
+        results = []
+        for alt in alternatives:
+            with suppress(Unsupported):
+                results.append(self.visit(alt))
+        if not results:
+            raise Unsupported(Union[tuple(alternatives)])
+        return results
+
+    def _visited_union(self, results: Sequence[Result]) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def union(self, alternatives: Sequence[AnyType]) -> Result:
+        return self._visited_union(self._union_results(alternatives))
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def _replace_conversion(self, conversion: Optional[AnyConversion]):
+        with context_setter(self):
+            self._conversion = resolve_any_conversion(conversion) or None
+            yield
+
+    def visit_with_conv(
+        self, tp: AnyType, conversion: Optional[AnyConversion]
+    ) -> Result:
+        with self._replace_conversion(conversion):
+            return self.visit(tp)
+
+    def _visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Conv,
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    ) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Optional[Conv],
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion] = None,
+    ) -> Result:
+        if conversion is not None:
+            return self._visit_conversion(tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion)
+        else:
+            with self._replace_conversion(next_conversion):
+                return super().visit(tp)
+
+    def visit(self, tp: AnyType) -> Result:
+        if not is_convertible(tp):
+            return self.visit_conversion(tp, None, False, self._conversion)
+        dynamic, conversion = self._has_conversion(tp, self._conversion)
+        if not dynamic:
+            _, conversion = self._has_conversion(
+                tp, self.default_conversion(get_origin_or_type(tp))  # type: ignore
+            )
+        next_conversion = None
+        if not dynamic and is_subclass(tp, Collection):
+            next_conversion = self._conversion
+        return self.visit_conversion(tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion)
+
+
+def sub_conversion(
+    conversion: ResolvedConversion, next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion]
+) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+    return (
+        LazyConversion(lambda: conversion.sub_conversion),
+        LazyConversion(lambda: next_conversion),
+    )
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=0)
+def self_deserialization_wrapper(cls: Type) -> Type:
+    wrapper = new_class(
+        f"{cls.__name__}SelfDeserializer",
+        (cls[cls.__parameters__] if has_type_vars(cls) else cls,),
+        exec_body=lambda ns: ns.update(
+            {"__new__": lambda _, *args, **kwargs: cls(*args, **kwargs)}
+        ),
+    )
+    return type_name(None)(wrapper)
+
+
+class DeserializationVisitor(ConversionsVisitor[Deserialization, Result]):
+    @staticmethod
+    def _has_conversion(
+        tp: AnyType, conversion: Optional[AnyConversion]
+    ) -> Tuple[bool, Optional[Deserialization]]:
+        identity_conv, result = False, []
+        for conv in resolve_any_conversion(conversion):
+            conv = handle_identity_conversion(conv, tp)
+            if is_subclass(conv.target, tp):
+                if is_identity(conv):
+                    if identity_conv:
+                        continue
+                    identity_conv = True
+                    wrapper: AnyType = self_deserialization_wrapper(
+                        get_origin_or_type(tp)
+                    )
+                    if get_args(tp):
+                        wrapper = wrapper[get_args(tp)]
+                    conv = ResolvedConversion(replace(conv, source=wrapper))
+                if is_type_var(conv.source) or any(
+                    map(is_type_var, get_args2(conv.source))
+                ):
+                    _, substitution = subtyping_substitution(tp, conv.target)
+                    conv = replace(
+                        conv, source=substitute_type_vars(conv.source, substitution)
+                    )
+                result.append(ResolvedConversion(replace(conv, target=tp)))
+        if identity_conv and len(result) == 1:
+            return True, None
+        else:
+            return bool(result), tuple(result) or None
+
+    def _annotated_conversion(
+        self, annotation: ConversionMetadata
+    ) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+        return annotation.deserialization
+
+    def _visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Deserialization,
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    ) -> Result:
+        results = [
+            self.visit_with_conv(conv.source, sub_conversion(conv, next_conversion))
+            for conv in conversion
+        ]
+        return self._visited_union(results)
+
+
+class SerializationVisitor(ConversionsVisitor[Serialization, Result]):
+    @staticmethod
+    def _has_conversion(
+        tp: AnyType, conversion: Optional[AnyConversion]
+    ) -> Tuple[bool, Optional[Serialization]]:
+        for conv in resolve_any_conversion(conversion):
+            conv = handle_identity_conversion(conv, tp)
+            if is_subclass(tp, conv.source):
+                if is_identity(conv):
+                    return True, None
+                if is_type_var(conv.target) or any(
+                    map(is_type_var, get_args2(conv.target))
+                ):
+                    substitution, _ = subtyping_substitution(conv.source, tp)
+                    conv = replace(
+                        conv, target=substitute_type_vars(conv.target, substitution)
+                    )
+                return True, ResolvedConversion(replace(conv, source=tp))
+        else:
+            return False, None
+
+    def _annotated_conversion(
+        self, annotation: ConversionMetadata
+    ) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+        return annotation.serialization
+
+    def _visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Serialization,
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    ) -> Result:
+        return self.visit_with_conv(
+            conversion.target, sub_conversion(conversion, next_conversion)
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/wrappers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/wrappers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ebc393
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/conversions/wrappers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import warnings
+from dataclasses import MISSING, field as field_, make_dataclass
+from inspect import Parameter, iscoroutinefunction, signature
+from typing import Any, Callable, Mapping, Tuple, Type
+
+from apischema.metadata import properties
+from apischema.typing import get_type_hints
+from apischema.utils import to_camel_case
+
+
+def dataclass_input_wrapper(
+    func: Callable, parameters_metadata: Mapping[str, Mapping] = None
+) -> Tuple[Callable, Type]:
+    warnings.warn(
+        "dataclass_input_wrapper is deprecated, use object_deserialization instead",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+    )
+    parameters_metadata = parameters_metadata or {}
+    types = get_type_hints(func, include_extras=True)
+    fields = []
+    params, kwargs_param = [], None
+    for param_name, param in signature(func).parameters.items():
+        if param.kind is Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY:
+            raise TypeError("Positional only parameters are not supported")
+        field_type = types.get(param_name, Any)
+        if param.kind in {Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD, Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY}:
+            default = MISSING if param.default is Parameter.empty else param.default
+            field = field_(
+                default=default, metadata=parameters_metadata.get(param_name)
+            )
+            fields.append((param_name, field_type, field))
+            params.append(param_name)
+        if param.kind == Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD:
+            field = field_(default_factory=dict, metadata=properties)
+            fields.append((param_name, Mapping[str, field_type], field))  # type: ignore
+            kwargs_param = param_name
+
+    input_cls = make_dataclass(to_camel_case(func.__name__), fields)
+
+    def wrapper(input):
+        kwargs = {name: getattr(input, name) for name in params}
+        if kwargs_param:
+            kwargs.update(getattr(input, kwargs_param))
+        return func(**kwargs)
+
+    if iscoroutinefunction(func):
+        wrapped = wrapper
+
+        async def wrapper(input):
+            return await wrapped(input)
+
+    wrapper.__annotations__["input"] = input_cls
+    if "return" in func.__annotations__:
+        wrapper.__annotations__["return"] = func.__annotations__["return"]
+    return wrapper, input_cls
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/dataclasses.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/dataclasses.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ac3469
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/dataclasses.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# flake8: noqa
+from dataclasses import *
+
+
+def _replace(__obj, **changes):
+    from apischema.fields import FIELDS_SET_ATTR, fields_set, set_fields
+    from dataclasses import replace as replace_, _FIELDS, _FIELD_INITVAR  # type: ignore
+
+    # Fix https://bugs.python.org/issue36470
+    assert is_dataclass(__obj)
+    for name, field in getattr(__obj, _FIELDS).items():
+        if field._field_type == _FIELD_INITVAR and name not in changes:  # type: ignore
+            if field.default is not MISSING:
+                changes[name] = field.default
+            elif field.default_factory is not MISSING:
+                changes[name] = field.default_factory()
+
+    result = replace_(__obj, **changes)
+    if hasattr(__obj, FIELDS_SET_ATTR):
+        set_fields(result, *fields_set(__obj), *changes, overwrite=True)
+    return result
+
+
+globals()[replace.__name__] = _replace
+
+del _replace
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/dependencies.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/dependencies.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ee4ee9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/dependencies.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import (
+    AbstractSet,
+    Any,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.cache import CacheAwareDict
+from apischema.objects.fields import check_field_or_name, get_field_name
+
+_dependent_requireds: MutableMapping[
+    type, List[Tuple[Any, Collection[Any]]]
+] = CacheAwareDict(defaultdict(list))
+
+DependentRequired = Mapping[str, AbstractSet[str]]
+
+
+def get_dependent_required(cls: type) -> DependentRequired:
+    result: Dict[str, Set[str]] = defaultdict(set)
+    for sub_cls in cls.__mro__:
+        for field, required in _dependent_requireds[sub_cls]:
+            result[get_field_name(field)].update(map(get_field_name, required))
+    return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DependentRequiredDescriptor:
+    fields: Mapping[Any, Collection[Any]]
+    groups: Collection[Collection[Any]]
+
+    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
+        setattr(owner, name, None)
+        dependent_required(self.fields, *self.groups, owner=owner)
+
+
+@overload
+def dependent_required(
+    fields: Mapping[Any, Collection[Any]], *groups: Collection[Any], owner: type = None
+):
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def dependent_required(*groups: Collection[Any], owner: type = None):
+    ...
+
+
+def dependent_required(*groups: Collection[Any], owner: type = None):  # type: ignore
+    if not groups:
+        return
+    fields: Mapping[Any, Collection[Any]] = {}
+    if isinstance(groups[0], Mapping):
+        fields, *groups = groups  # type: ignore
+    if owner is None:
+        return DependentRequiredDescriptor(fields, groups)
+    else:
+
+        dep_req = _dependent_requireds[owner]
+        for field, required in fields.items():
+            dep_req.append((field, required))
+            check_field_or_name(field)
+            for req in required:
+                check_field_or_name(req)
+        for group in map(list, groups):
+            for i, field in enumerate(group):
+                check_field_or_name(field)
+                dep_req.append((field, [group[:i], group[i:]]))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/dependent_required.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/dependent_required.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4a07ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/dependent_required.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import warnings
+
+from apischema.dependencies import dependent_required
+
+
+def DependentRequired(*args, **kwargs):
+    warnings.warn(
+        "apischema.dependent_required.DependentRequired is deprecated,"
+        " use apischema.dependent_required instead",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+    )
+    return dependent_required(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/deserialization/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/deserialization/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53d0eea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/deserialization/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,924 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass, replace
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import (
+    AbstractSet,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Sequence,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.aliases import Aliaser
+from apischema.cache import cache
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion, DefaultConversion
+from apischema.conversions.visitor import (
+    Deserialization,
+    DeserializationVisitor,
+    sub_conversion,
+)
+from apischema.dependencies import get_dependent_required
+from apischema.deserialization.coercion import Coerce, Coercer
+from apischema.deserialization.flattened import get_deserialization_flattened_aliases
+from apischema.json_schema.patterns import infer_pattern
+from apischema.json_schema.types import bad_type
+from apischema.metadata.implem import ValidatorsMetadata
+from apischema.metadata.keys import SCHEMA_METADATA, VALIDATORS_METADATA
+from apischema.objects import ObjectField
+from apischema.objects.fields import FieldKind
+from apischema.objects.visitor import DeserializationObjectVisitor
+from apischema.recursion import RecursiveConversionsVisitor
+from apischema.schemas import Schema, get_schema
+from apischema.schemas.constraints import Check, Constraints, merge_constraints
+from apischema.types import AnyType, NoneType
+from apischema.typing import get_args, get_origin
+from apischema.utils import (
+    Lazy,
+    PREFIX,
+    deprecate_kwargs,
+    get_origin_or_type,
+    literal_values,
+    opt_or,
+)
+from apischema.validation import get_validators
+from apischema.validation.errors import ErrorKey, ValidationError, merge_errors
+from apischema.validation.mock import ValidatorMock
+from apischema.validation.validators import Validator, validate
+from apischema.visitor import Unsupported
+
+MISSING_PROPERTY = "missing property"
+UNEXPECTED_PROPERTY = "unexpected property"
+
+NOT_NONE = object()
+
+INIT_VARS_ATTR = f"{PREFIX}_init_vars"
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+DeserializationMethod = Callable[[Any], T]
+Factory = Callable[[Optional[Constraints], Sequence[Validator]], DeserializationMethod]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class DeserializationMethodFactory:
+    factory: Factory
+    cls: Optional[type] = None
+    constraints: Optional[Constraints] = None
+    validators: Tuple[Validator, ...] = ()
+
+    def merge(
+        self, constraints: Optional[Constraints], validators: Sequence[Validator] = ()
+    ) -> "DeserializationMethodFactory":
+        if constraints is None and not validators:
+            return self
+        return replace(
+            self,
+            constraints=merge_constraints(self.constraints, constraints),
+            validators=(*validators, *self.validators),
+        )
+
+    @property  # type: ignore
+    @lru_cache()
+    def method(self) -> DeserializationMethod:
+        return self.factory(self.constraints, self.validators)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def get_constraints(schema: Optional[Schema]) -> Optional[Constraints]:
+    return schema.constraints if schema is not None else None
+
+
+def get_constraint_checks(
+    constraints: Optional[Constraints], cls: type
+) -> Collection[Tuple[Check, Any, str]]:
+    return () if constraints is None else constraints.checks_by_type[cls]
+
+
+class DeserializationMethodVisitor(
+    RecursiveConversionsVisitor[Deserialization, DeserializationMethodFactory],
+    DeserializationVisitor[DeserializationMethodFactory],
+    DeserializationObjectVisitor[DeserializationMethodFactory],
+):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        additional_properties: bool,
+        aliaser: Aliaser,
+        coercer: Optional[Coercer],
+        default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+        fall_back_on_default: bool,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(default_conversion)
+        self.additional_properties = additional_properties
+        self.aliaser = aliaser
+        self.coercer = coercer
+        self.fall_back_on_default = fall_back_on_default
+
+    def _recursive_result(
+        self, lazy: Lazy[DeserializationMethodFactory]
+    ) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        def factory(
+            constraints: Optional[Constraints], validators: Sequence[Validator]
+        ) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            rec_method = None
+
+            def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                nonlocal rec_method
+                if rec_method is None:
+                    rec_method = lazy().merge(constraints, validators).method
+                return rec_method(data)
+
+            return method
+
+        return DeserializationMethodFactory(factory)
+
+    def visit_not_recursive(self, tp: AnyType) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        return deserialization_method_factory(
+            tp,
+            self.additional_properties,
+            self.aliaser,
+            self.coercer,
+            self._conversion,
+            self.default_conversion,
+            self.fall_back_on_default,
+        )
+
+    def annotated(
+        self, tp: AnyType, annotations: Sequence[Any]
+    ) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        factory = super().annotated(tp, annotations)
+        for annotation in reversed(annotations):
+            if isinstance(annotation, Mapping):
+                factory = factory.merge(
+                    get_constraints(annotation.get(SCHEMA_METADATA)),
+                    annotation.get(
+                        VALIDATORS_METADATA, ValidatorsMetadata(())
+                    ).validators,
+                )
+        return factory
+
+    def _factory(
+        self, factory: Factory, cls: Optional[type] = None, validation: bool = True
+    ) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        def wrapper(
+            constraints: Optional[Constraints], validators: Sequence[Validator]
+        ) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            method: DeserializationMethod
+            if validation and validators:
+                wrapped, aliaser = factory(constraints, ()), self.aliaser
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    result = wrapped(data)
+                    validate(result, validators, aliaser=aliaser)
+                    return result
+
+            else:
+                method = factory(constraints, validators)
+            if self.coercer is not None and cls is not None:
+                coercer = self.coercer
+
+                def wrapper(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    assert cls is not None
+                    return method(coercer(cls, data))
+
+                return wrapper
+
+            else:
+                return method
+
+        return DeserializationMethodFactory(wrapper, cls)
+
+    def any(self) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        def factory(constraints: Optional[Constraints], _) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            checks = None if constraints is None else constraints.checks_by_type
+
+            def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                if checks is not None:
+                    if data.__class__ in checks:
+                        errors = [
+                            err
+                            for check, attr, err in checks[data.__class__]
+                            if check(data, attr)
+                        ]
+                        if errors:
+                            raise ValidationError(errors)
+                return data
+
+            return method
+
+        return self._factory(factory)
+
+    def collection(
+        self, cls: Type[Collection], value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        value_factory = self.visit(value_type)
+
+        def factory(constraints: Optional[Constraints], _) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            deserialize_value = value_factory.method
+            checks = get_constraint_checks(constraints, list)
+            constructor: Optional[Callable[[list], Collection]] = None
+            if issubclass(cls, AbstractSet):
+                constructor = set
+            elif issubclass(cls, tuple):
+                constructor = tuple
+
+            def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                if not isinstance(data, list):
+                    raise bad_type(data, list)
+                elt_errors: Dict[ErrorKey, ValidationError] = {}
+                values: list = [None] * len(data)
+                index = 0  # don't use `enumerate` for performance
+                for elt in data:
+                    try:
+                        values[index] = deserialize_value(elt)
+                    except ValidationError as err:
+                        elt_errors[index] = err
+                    index += 1
+                if checks:
+                    errors = [err for check, attr, err in checks if check(data, attr)]
+                    if errors or elt_errors:
+                        raise ValidationError(errors, elt_errors)
+                elif elt_errors:
+                    raise ValidationError([], elt_errors)
+                return constructor(values) if constructor else values
+
+            return method
+
+        return self._factory(factory, list)
+
+    def enum(self, cls: Type[Enum]) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        return self.literal(list(cls))
+
+    def literal(self, values: Sequence[Any]) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        def factory(constraints: Optional[Constraints], _) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            value_map = dict(zip(literal_values(values), values))
+            types = list(set(map(type, value_map))) if self.coercer else []
+            error = f"not one of {list(value_map)}"
+            coercer = self.coercer
+
+            def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                try:
+                    return value_map[data]
+                except KeyError:
+                    if coercer:
+                        for cls in types:
+                            try:
+                                return value_map[coercer(cls, data)]
+                            except IndexError:
+                                pass
+                    raise ValidationError([error])
+                # Unions with Literal can have not hashable data
+                except TypeError:
+                    raise bad_type(data, *types)
+
+            return method
+
+        return self._factory(factory)
+
+    def mapping(
+        self, cls: Type[Mapping], key_type: AnyType, value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        key_factory, value_factory = self.visit(key_type), self.visit(value_type)
+
+        def factory(constraints: Optional[Constraints], _) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            deserialize_key = key_factory.method
+            deserialize_value = value_factory.method
+            checks = get_constraint_checks(constraints, dict)
+
+            def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                if not isinstance(data, dict):
+                    raise bad_type(data, dict)
+                item_errors: Dict[ErrorKey, ValidationError] = {}
+                items = {}
+                for key, value in data.items():
+                    assert isinstance(key, str)
+                    try:
+                        items[deserialize_key(key)] = deserialize_value(value)
+                    except ValidationError as err:
+                        item_errors[key] = err
+                if checks:
+                    errors = [err for check, attr, err in checks if check(data, attr)]
+                    if errors or item_errors:
+                        raise ValidationError(errors, item_errors)
+                elif item_errors:
+                    raise ValidationError([], item_errors)
+                return items
+
+            return method
+
+        return self._factory(factory, dict)
+
+    def object(
+        self, tp: Type, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]
+    ) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        field_factories = [
+            self.visit_with_conv(f.type, f.deserialization).merge(
+                get_constraints(f.schema), f.validators
+            )
+            for f in fields
+        ]
+
+        def factory(
+            constraints: Optional[Constraints], validators: Sequence[Validator]
+        ) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            cls = get_origin_or_type(tp)
+            alias_by_name = {field.name: self.aliaser(field.alias) for field in fields}
+            requiring: Dict[str, Set[str]] = defaultdict(set)
+            for f, reqs in get_dependent_required(cls).items():
+                for req in reqs:
+                    requiring[req].add(alias_by_name[f])
+            normal_fields, flattened_fields, pattern_fields = [], [], []
+            additional_field = None
+            for field, field_factory in zip(fields, field_factories):
+                deserialize_field: DeserializationMethod = field_factory.method
+                fall_back_on_default = (
+                    field.fall_back_on_default or self.fall_back_on_default
+                )
+                if field.flattened:
+                    flattened_aliases = get_deserialization_flattened_aliases(
+                        cls, field, self.default_conversion
+                    )
+                    flattened_fields.append(
+                        (
+                            field.name,
+                            set(map(self.aliaser, flattened_aliases)),
+                            deserialize_field,
+                            fall_back_on_default,
+                        )
+                    )
+                elif field.pattern_properties is not None:
+                    field_pattern = field.pattern_properties
+                    if field_pattern is ...:
+                        field_pattern = infer_pattern(
+                            field.type, self.default_conversion
+                        )
+                    assert isinstance(field_pattern, Pattern)
+                    pattern_fields.append(
+                        (
+                            field.name,
+                            field_pattern,
+                            deserialize_field,
+                            fall_back_on_default,
+                        )
+                    )
+                elif field.additional_properties:
+                    additional_field = (
+                        field.name,
+                        deserialize_field,
+                        fall_back_on_default,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    normal_fields.append(
+                        (
+                            field.name,
+                            self.aliaser(field.alias),
+                            deserialize_field,
+                            field.required,
+                            requiring[field.name],
+                            fall_back_on_default,
+                        )
+                    )
+            has_aggregate_field = (
+                flattened_fields or pattern_fields or (additional_field is not None)
+            )
+            post_init_modified = {field.name for field in fields if field.post_init}
+            checks = get_constraint_checks(constraints, dict)
+            aliaser = self.aliaser
+            additional_properties = self.additional_properties
+            all_aliases = set(alias_by_name.values())
+            init_defaults = [
+                (f.name, f.default_factory)
+                for f in fields
+                if f.kind == FieldKind.WRITE_ONLY
+            ]
+
+            def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                if not isinstance(data, dict):
+                    raise bad_type(data, dict)
+                values: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+                fields_count = 0
+                errors = (
+                    [err for check, attr, err in checks if check(data, attr)]
+                    if checks
+                    else []
+                )
+                field_errors: Dict[ErrorKey, ValidationError] = {}
+                for (
+                    name,
+                    alias,
+                    deserialize_field,
+                    required,
+                    required_by,
+                    fall_back_on_default,
+                ) in normal_fields:
+                    if required:
+                        try:
+                            value = data[alias]
+                        except KeyError:
+                            field_errors[alias] = ValidationError([MISSING_PROPERTY])
+                        else:
+                            fields_count += 1
+                            try:
+                                values[name] = deserialize_field(value)
+                            except ValidationError as err:
+                                field_errors[alias] = err
+                    elif alias in data:
+                        fields_count += 1
+                        try:
+                            values[name] = deserialize_field(data[alias])
+                        except ValidationError as err:
+                            if not fall_back_on_default:
+                                field_errors[alias] = err
+                    elif required_by and not required_by.isdisjoint(data):
+                        requiring = sorted(required_by & data.keys())
+                        msg = f"missing property (required by {requiring})"
+                        field_errors[alias] = ValidationError([msg])
+                if has_aggregate_field:
+                    remain = data.keys() - all_aliases
+                    for (
+                        name,
+                        flattened_alias,
+                        deserialize_field,
+                        fall_back_on_default,
+                    ) in flattened_fields:
+                        flattened = {
+                            alias: data[alias]
+                            for alias in flattened_alias
+                            if alias in data
+                        }
+                        remain.difference_update(flattened)
+                        try:
+                            values[name] = deserialize_field(flattened)
+                        except ValidationError as err:
+                            if not fall_back_on_default:
+                                errors.extend(err.messages)
+                                field_errors.update(err.children)
+                    for (
+                        name,
+                        pattern,
+                        deserialize_field,
+                        fall_back_on_default,
+                    ) in pattern_fields:
+                        matched = {
+                            key: data[key] for key in remain if pattern.match(key)
+                        }
+                        remain.difference_update(matched)
+                        try:
+                            values[name] = deserialize_field(matched)
+                        except ValidationError as err:
+                            if not fall_back_on_default:
+                                errors.extend(err.messages)
+                                field_errors.update(err.children)
+                    if additional_field:
+                        name, deserialize_field, fall_back_on_default = additional_field
+                        additional = {key: data[key] for key in remain}
+                        try:
+                            values[name] = deserialize_field(additional)
+                        except ValidationError as err:
+                            if not fall_back_on_default:
+                                errors.extend(err.messages)
+                                field_errors.update(err.children)
+                    elif remain and not additional_properties:
+                        for key in remain:
+                            field_errors[key] = ValidationError([UNEXPECTED_PROPERTY])
+                elif not additional_properties and len(data) != fields_count:
+                    for key in data.keys() - all_aliases:
+                        field_errors[key] = ValidationError([UNEXPECTED_PROPERTY])
+                validators2: Sequence[Validator]
+                if validators:
+                    init: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+                    for name, default_factory in init_defaults:
+                        if name in values:
+                            init[name] = values[name]
+                        elif name not in field_errors:
+                            assert default_factory is not None
+                            init[name] = default_factory()
+                    # Don't keep validators when all dependencies are default
+                    validators2 = [
+                        v
+                        for v in validators
+                        if not v.dependencies.isdisjoint(values.keys())
+                    ]
+                    if field_errors or errors:
+                        error = ValidationError(errors, field_errors)
+                        invalid_fields = field_errors.keys() | post_init_modified
+                        try:
+                            validate(
+                                ValidatorMock(cls, values),
+                                [
+                                    v
+                                    for v in validators2
+                                    if v.dependencies.isdisjoint(invalid_fields)
+                                ],
+                                init,
+                                aliaser=aliaser,
+                            )
+                        except ValidationError as err:
+                            error = merge_errors(error, err)
+                        raise error
+                elif field_errors or errors:
+                    raise ValidationError(errors, field_errors)
+                else:
+                    validators2, init = (), ...  # type: ignore # only for linter
+                try:
+                    res = cls(**values)
+                except (AssertionError, ValidationError):
+                    raise
+                except TypeError as err:
+                    if str(err).startswith("__init__() got"):
+                        raise Unsupported(cls)
+                    else:
+                        raise ValidationError([str(err)])
+                except Exception as err:
+                    raise ValidationError([str(err)])
+                if validators:
+                    validate(res, validators2, init, aliaser=aliaser)
+                return res
+
+            return method
+
+        return self._factory(factory, dict, validation=False)
+
+    def primitive(self, cls: Type) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        def factory(constraints: Optional[Constraints], _) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            checks = get_constraint_checks(constraints, cls)
+            if cls is NoneType:
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    if data is not None:
+                        raise bad_type(data, cls)
+                    return data
+
+            elif cls is not float and not checks:
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    if not isinstance(data, cls):
+                        raise bad_type(data, cls)
+                    return data
+
+            elif cls is not float and len(checks) == 1:
+                ((check, attr, err),) = checks
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    if not isinstance(data, cls):
+                        raise bad_type(data, cls)
+                    elif check(data, attr):
+                        raise ValidationError([err])
+                    return data
+
+            else:
+                is_float = cls is float
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    if not isinstance(data, cls):
+                        if is_float and isinstance(data, int):
+                            data = float(data)
+                        else:
+                            raise bad_type(data, cls)
+                    if checks:
+                        errors = [
+                            err for check, attr, err in checks if check(data, attr)
+                        ]
+                        if errors:
+                            raise ValidationError(errors)
+                    return data
+
+            return method
+
+        return self._factory(factory, cls)
+
+    def subprimitive(self, cls: Type, superclass: Type) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        primitive_factory = self.primitive(superclass)
+
+        def factory(
+            constraints: Optional[Constraints], validators: Sequence[Validator]
+        ) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            deserialize_primitive = primitive_factory.merge(
+                constraints, validators
+            ).method
+
+            def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                return superclass(deserialize_primitive(data))
+
+            return method
+
+        return replace(primitive_factory, factory=factory)
+
+    def tuple(self, types: Sequence[AnyType]) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        elt_factories = [self.visit(tp) for tp in types]
+
+        def factory(constraints: Optional[Constraints], _) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            expected_len = len(types)
+            (_, _, min_err), (_, _, max_err) = Constraints(
+                min_items=len(types), max_items=len(types)
+            ).checks_by_type[list]
+            elt_methods = list(enumerate(fact.method for fact in elt_factories))
+            checks = get_constraint_checks(constraints, list)
+
+            def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                if not isinstance(data, list):
+                    raise bad_type(data, list)
+                if len(data) != expected_len:
+                    raise ValidationError([min_err, max_err])
+                elt_errors: Dict[ErrorKey, ValidationError] = {}
+                elts: List[Any] = [None] * expected_len
+                for i, deserialize_elt in elt_methods:
+                    try:
+                        elts[i] = deserialize_elt(data[i])
+                    except ValidationError as err:
+                        elt_errors[i] = err
+                if checks:
+                    errors = [err for check, attr, err in checks if check(data, attr)]
+                    if errors or elt_errors:
+                        raise ValidationError(errors, elt_errors)
+                elif elt_errors:
+                    raise ValidationError([], elt_errors)
+                return tuple(elts)
+
+            return method
+
+        return self._factory(factory, list)
+
+    def union(self, alternatives: Sequence[AnyType]) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        alt_factories = self._union_results(alternatives)
+        if len(alt_factories) == 1:
+            return alt_factories[0]
+
+        def factory(constraints: Optional[Constraints], _) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            alt_methods = [fact.merge(constraints).method for fact in alt_factories]
+            # method_by_cls cannot replace alt_methods, because there could be several
+            # methods for one class
+            method_by_cls = dict(zip((f.cls for f in alt_factories), alt_methods))
+            if NoneType in alternatives and len(alt_methods) == 2:
+                deserialize_alt = next(
+                    meth
+                    for fact, meth in zip(alt_factories, alt_methods)
+                    if fact.cls is not NoneType
+                )
+                coercer = self.coercer
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    if data is None:
+                        return None
+                    try:
+                        return deserialize_alt(data)
+                    except ValidationError as err:
+                        if coercer and coercer(NoneType, data) is None:
+                            return None
+                        else:
+                            raise merge_errors(err, bad_type(data, NoneType))
+
+            elif None not in method_by_cls and len(method_by_cls) == len(alt_factories):
+                classes = tuple(cls for cls in method_by_cls if cls is not None)
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    try:
+                        return method_by_cls[data.__class__](data)
+                    except KeyError:
+                        raise bad_type(data, *classes) from None
+                    except ValidationError as err:
+                        other_classes = (
+                            cls for cls in classes if cls is not data.__class__
+                        )
+                        raise merge_errors(err, bad_type(data, *other_classes))
+
+            else:
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    error = None
+                    for deserialize_alt in alt_methods:
+                        try:
+                            return deserialize_alt(data)
+                        except ValidationError as err:
+                            error = merge_errors(error, err)
+                    assert error is not None
+                    raise error
+
+            return method
+
+        return self._factory(factory)
+
+    def _visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Deserialization,
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    ) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        assert conversion
+        conv_factories = [
+            self.visit_with_conv(conv.source, sub_conversion(conv, next_conversion))
+            for conv in conversion
+        ]
+
+        def factory(constraints: Optional[Constraints], _) -> DeserializationMethod:
+            conv_methods = [
+                ((fact if dynamic else fact.merge(constraints)).method, conv.converter)
+                for conv, fact in zip(conversion, conv_factories)
+            ]
+            method: DeserializationMethod
+            if len(conv_methods) == 1:
+                deserialize_alt, converter = conv_methods[0]
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    try:
+                        return converter(deserialize_alt(data))
+                    except (ValidationError, AssertionError):
+                        raise
+                    except Exception as err:
+                        raise ValidationError([str(err)])
+
+            else:
+
+                def method(data: Any) -> Any:
+                    error: Optional[ValidationError] = None
+                    for deserialize_alt, converter in conv_methods:
+                        try:
+                            value = deserialize_alt(data)
+                        except ValidationError as err:
+                            error = merge_errors(error, err)
+                        else:
+                            try:
+                                return converter(value)
+                            except (ValidationError, AssertionError):
+                                raise
+                            except Exception as err:
+                                raise ValidationError([str(err)])
+                    assert error is not None
+                    raise error
+
+            return method
+
+        return self._factory(factory, validation=not dynamic)
+
+    def visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Optional[Deserialization],
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion] = None,
+    ) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+        factory = super().visit_conversion(tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion)
+        if not dynamic:
+            factory = factory.merge(get_constraints(get_schema(tp)), get_validators(tp))
+            if get_args(tp):
+                factory = factory.merge(
+                    get_constraints(get_schema(get_origin(tp))),
+                    get_validators(get_origin(tp)),
+                )
+        return factory
+
+
+@cache
+def deserialization_method_factory(
+    tp: AnyType,
+    additional_properties: bool,
+    aliaser: Aliaser,
+    coercer: Optional[Coercer],
+    conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+    fall_back_on_default: bool,
+) -> DeserializationMethodFactory:
+    return DeserializationMethodVisitor(
+        additional_properties,
+        aliaser,
+        coercer,
+        default_conversion,
+        fall_back_on_default,
+    ).visit_with_conv(tp, conversion)
+
+
+@overload
+def deserialization_method(
+    type: Type[T],
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    coerce: Coerce = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    fall_back_on_default: bool = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+) -> DeserializationMethod[T]:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def deserialization_method(
+    type: AnyType,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    coerce: Coerce = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    fall_back_on_default: bool = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+) -> DeserializationMethod:
+    ...
+
+
+def deserialization_method(
+    type: AnyType,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    coerce: Coerce = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    fall_back_on_default: bool = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+) -> DeserializationMethod:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    coercer: Optional[Coercer] = None
+    if callable(coerce):
+        coercer = coerce
+    elif opt_or(coerce, settings.deserialization.coerce):
+        coercer = settings.deserialization.coercer
+    return (
+        deserialization_method_factory(
+            type,
+            opt_or(additional_properties, settings.additional_properties),
+            opt_or(aliaser, settings.aliaser),
+            coercer,
+            conversion,
+            opt_or(default_conversion, settings.deserialization.default_conversion),
+            opt_or(fall_back_on_default, settings.deserialization.fall_back_on_default),
+        )
+        .merge(get_constraints(schema), ())
+        .method
+    )
+
+
+@overload
+def deserialize(
+    type: Type[T],
+    data: Any,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    coerce: Coerce = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    fall_back_on_default: bool = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+) -> T:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def deserialize(
+    type: AnyType,
+    data: Any,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    coerce: Coerce = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    fall_back_on_default: bool = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+) -> Any:
+    ...
+
+
+@deprecate_kwargs(
+    {
+        "coercion": "coerce",
+        "conversions": "conversion",
+        "default_fallback": "fall_back_on_default",
+    }
+)
+def deserialize(
+    type: AnyType,
+    data: Any,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    coerce: Coerce = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    fall_back_on_default: bool = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+) -> Any:
+    return deserialization_method(
+        type,
+        additional_properties=additional_properties,
+        aliaser=aliaser,
+        coerce=coerce,
+        conversion=conversion,
+        default_conversion=default_conversion,
+        fall_back_on_default=fall_back_on_default,
+        schema=schema,
+    )(data)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/deserialization/coercion.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/deserialization/coercion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5eb0ad6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/deserialization/coercion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Type, TypeVar, Union
+
+from apischema.json_schema.types import bad_type
+from apischema.types import NoneType
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+Coercer = Callable[[Type[T], Any], T]
+
+_bool_pairs = (
+    ("0", "1"),
+    ("f", "t"),
+    ("n", "y"),
+    ("no", "yes"),
+    ("false", "true"),
+    ("off", "on"),
+    ("ko", "ok"),
+)
+STR_TO_BOOL: Dict[str, bool] = {}
+for false, true in _bool_pairs:
+    for s, value in ((false, False), (true, True)):
+        STR_TO_BOOL[s.lower()] = value
+STR_NONE_VALUES = {""}
+
+
+def coerce(cls: Type[T], data: Any) -> T:
+    if cls is NoneType:
+        if data is None or data in STR_NONE_VALUES:
+            return None  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            raise bad_type(data, cls)
+    elif isinstance(data, cls):
+        return data
+    elif cls is bool:
+        if isinstance(data, str):
+            return STR_TO_BOOL[data.lower()]  # type: ignore
+        elif isinstance(data, int):
+            return bool(data)  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            raise bad_type(data, cls)
+    elif cls in (int, float):
+        try:
+            return cls(data)  # type: ignore
+        except ValueError:
+            raise bad_type(data, cls)
+    elif cls is str:
+        if isinstance(data, (int, float)) and not isinstance(data, bool):
+            return str(data)  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            raise bad_type(data, cls)
+    else:
+        raise bad_type(data, cls)
+
+
+Coerce = Union[bool, Coercer]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/deserialization/flattened.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/deserialization/flattened.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51ee4a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/deserialization/flattened.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from typing import Iterator, Mapping, Sequence, Type
+
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import DefaultConversion
+from apischema.conversions.visitor import DeserializationVisitor
+from apischema.objects import ObjectField
+from apischema.objects.visitor import DeserializationObjectVisitor
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.utils import get_origin_or_type
+from apischema.visitor import Unsupported
+
+
+class InitFlattenedAliasVisitor(
+    DeserializationObjectVisitor[Iterator[str]], DeserializationVisitor[Iterator[str]]
+):
+    def mapping(
+        self, cls: Type[Mapping], key_type: AnyType, value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> Iterator[str]:
+        yield from ()
+
+    def object(self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]) -> Iterator[str]:
+        for field in fields:
+            if field.flattened:
+                yield from get_deserialization_flattened_aliases(
+                    get_origin_or_type(tp), field, self.default_conversion
+                )
+            elif not field.is_aggregate:
+                yield field.alias
+
+    def _visited_union(self, results: Sequence[Iterator[str]]) -> Iterator[str]:
+        if len(results) != 1:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+        return results[0]
+
+
+def get_deserialization_flattened_aliases(
+    cls: Type, field: ObjectField, default_conversion: DefaultConversion
+) -> Iterator[str]:
+    assert field.flattened
+    try:
+        yield from InitFlattenedAliasVisitor(default_conversion).visit_with_conv(
+            field.type, field.deserialization
+        )
+    except (NotImplementedError, Unsupported):
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Flattened field {cls.__name__}.{field.name} must have an object type"
+        ) from None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/fields.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/fields.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..015cd50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/fields.py
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+__all__ = ["fields_set", "is_set", "set_fields", "unset_fields", "with_fields_set"]
+from dataclasses import (  # type: ignore
+    Field,
+    _FIELD,
+    _FIELDS,
+    _FIELD_INITVAR,
+    is_dataclass,
+)
+from functools import wraps
+from inspect import signature
+from typing import AbstractSet, Any, Collection, Set, Type, TypeVar, cast
+
+from apischema.objects.fields import get_field_name
+from apischema.utils import PREFIX
+
+FIELDS_SET_ATTR = f"{PREFIX}fields_set"
+_ALREADY_SET = f"{PREFIX}already_set"
+
+Cls = TypeVar("Cls", bound=Type)
+
+_fields_set_classes: Set[type] = set()
+
+
+def support_fields_set(cls: type) -> bool:
+    return any(base in _fields_set_classes for base in cls.__mro__)
+
+
+def with_fields_set(cls: Cls) -> Cls:
+    from apischema.metadata.keys import DEFAULT_AS_SET_METADATA
+
+    init_fields = set()
+    post_init_fields = set()
+    if is_dataclass(cls):
+        for field in getattr(cls, _FIELDS).values():
+            assert isinstance(field, Field)
+            if field._field_type == _FIELD_INITVAR:  # type: ignore
+                init_fields.add(field.name)
+            if field._field_type == _FIELD and not field.init:  # type: ignore
+                post_init_fields.add(field.name)
+            if field.metadata.get(DEFAULT_AS_SET_METADATA):
+                post_init_fields.add(field.name)
+    params = list(signature(cls.__init__).parameters)[1:]
+    old_new = cls.__new__
+    old_init = cls.__init__
+    old_setattr = cls.__setattr__
+
+    def new_new(*args, **kwargs):
+        if old_new is object.__new__:
+            obj = object.__new__(args[0])
+        else:
+            obj = old_new(*args, **kwargs)
+        # Initialize FIELD_SET_ATTR in order to prevent inherited class which override
+        # __init__ to raise in __setattr__
+        obj.__dict__[FIELDS_SET_ATTR] = set()
+        return obj
+
+    def new_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        prev_fields_set = self.__dict__.get(FIELDS_SET_ATTR, set()).copy()
+        self.__dict__[FIELDS_SET_ATTR] = set()
+        try:
+            old_init(self, *args, **kwargs)
+        except TypeError as err:
+            if str(err) == no_dataclass_init_error:
+                raise RuntimeError(dataclass_before_error) from None
+            else:
+                raise
+        arg_fields = {*params[: len(args)], *kwargs} - init_fields
+        self.__dict__[FIELDS_SET_ATTR] = prev_fields_set | arg_fields | post_init_fields
+
+    def new_setattr(self, attr, value):
+        try:
+            self.__dict__[FIELDS_SET_ATTR].add(attr)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise RuntimeError(dataclass_before_error) from None
+        old_setattr(self, attr, value)
+
+    for attr, old, new in [
+        ("__new__", old_new, new_new),
+        ("__init__", old_init, new_init),
+        ("__setattr__", old_setattr, new_setattr),
+    ]:
+        if hasattr(old, _ALREADY_SET):
+            continue
+        setattr(new, _ALREADY_SET, True)
+        setattr(cls, attr, wraps(old)(new))  # type: ignore
+
+    _fields_set_classes.add(cls)
+    return cls
+
+
+no_dataclass_init_error = (
+    "object.__init__() takes exactly one argument (the instance to initialize)"
+)
+dataclass_before_error = (
+    f"{with_fields_set.__name__} must be put before dataclass decorator"
+)
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+def _field_names(fields: Collection) -> AbstractSet[str]:
+    result: Set[str] = set()
+    for field in fields:
+        result.add(get_field_name(field))
+    return result
+
+
+def _fields_set(obj: Any) -> Set[str]:
+    try:
+        return getattr(obj, FIELDS_SET_ATTR)
+    except AttributeError:
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Type {obj.__class__} is not decorated" f" with {with_fields_set.__name__}"
+        )
+
+
+def set_fields(obj: T, *fields: Any, overwrite=False) -> T:
+    if overwrite:
+        _fields_set(obj).clear()
+    _fields_set(obj).update(map(get_field_name, fields))
+    return obj
+
+
+def unset_fields(obj: T, *fields: Any) -> T:
+    _fields_set(obj).difference_update(map(get_field_name, fields))
+    return obj
+
+
+# This could just be an alias with a specified type, but it's better handled by IDE
+# like this
+def fields_set(obj: Any) -> AbstractSet[str]:
+    return _fields_set(obj)
+
+
+class FieldIsSet:
+    def __init__(self, obj: Any):
+        self.fields_set = fields_set(obj)
+
+    def __getattribute__(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        return name in object.__getattribute__(self, "fields_set")
+
+
+def is_set(obj: T) -> T:
+    return cast(T, FieldIsSet(obj))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ee5c17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "ID",
+    "Mutation",
+    "Query",
+    "Subscription",
+    "graphql_schema",
+    "interface",
+    "relay",
+    "resolver",
+]
+
+
+try:
+    from .schema import ID, Query, Mutation, Subscription, graphql_schema
+    from .interfaces import interface
+    from .resolvers import resolver
+    from . import relay
+except ImportError:
+    raise
+    raise ImportError(
+        "GraphQL feature requires graphql-core library\n"
+        "Run `pip install apischema[graphql]` to install it"
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/interfaces.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/interfaces.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb5920d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/interfaces.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from typing import Collection, Set, Type, TypeVar
+
+_interfaces: Set[Type] = set()
+
+Cls = TypeVar("Cls", bound=Type)
+
+
+def interface(cls: Cls) -> Cls:
+    _interfaces.add(cls)
+    return cls
+
+
+def is_interface(cls: Type) -> bool:
+    return cls in _interfaces
+
+
+def get_interfaces(cls: Type) -> Collection[Type]:
+    return list(filter(is_interface, cls.__mro__[1:]))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..801da31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "ClientMutationId",
+    "Connection",
+    "Edge",
+    "GlobalId",
+    "Mutation",
+    "Node",
+    "PageInfo",
+    "base64_encoding",
+    "mutations",
+    "node",
+    "nodes",
+]
+from .connections import Connection, Edge, PageInfo
+from .global_identification import GlobalId, Node, node, nodes
+from .mutations import ClientMutationId, Mutation, mutations
+from .utils import base64_encoding
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/connections.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/connections.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50a8ed2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/connections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Generic, Optional, Sequence, Type, TypeVar
+
+from apischema.type_names import get_type_name, type_name
+from apischema.types import NoneType
+from apischema.typing import generic_mro, get_args, get_origin
+from apischema.utils import get_args2, is_union_of, wrap_generic_init_subclass
+
+Cursor_ = TypeVar("Cursor_")
+Node_ = TypeVar("Node_")
+
+
+def get_node_name(tp):
+    if is_union_of(tp, NoneType) and len(get_args2(tp)):
+        tp = next(arg for arg in get_args2(tp) if arg is not NoneType)
+    ref = get_type_name(tp).graphql
+    if ref is None:
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Node {tp} must have a ref registered to be used with connection"
+        )
+    return ref
+
+
+def edge_name(tp: Type["Edge"], *args) -> str:
+    for base in generic_mro(tp[tuple(args)] if args else tp):  # type: ignore
+        if get_origin(base) == Edge:
+            return f"{get_node_name(get_args(base)[0])}Edge"
+    raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+@type_name(graphql=edge_name)
+@dataclass
+class Edge(Generic[Node_, Cursor_]):
+    node: Node_
+    cursor: Cursor_
+
+    @wrap_generic_init_subclass
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+        type_name(graphql=edge_name)(cls)
+
+
+@type_name(graphql=lambda *_: "PageInfo")
+@dataclass
+class PageInfo(Generic[Cursor_]):
+    has_previous_page: bool = False
+    has_next_page: bool = False
+    start_cursor: Optional[Cursor_] = None
+    end_cursor: Optional[Cursor_] = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_edges(
+        edges: Sequence[Optional[Edge[Node_, Cursor_]]],
+        has_previous_page: bool = False,
+        has_next_page: bool = False,
+    ) -> "PageInfo":
+        start_cursor, end_cursor = None, None
+        if edges is not None:
+            if edges[0] is not None:
+                start_cursor = edges[0].cursor
+            if edges[-1] is not None:
+                end_cursor = edges[-1].cursor
+        return PageInfo(has_previous_page, has_next_page, start_cursor, end_cursor)
+
+
+def connection_name(tp: Type["Connection"], *args) -> str:
+    for base in generic_mro(tp[tuple(args)] if args else tp):  # type: ignore
+        if get_origin(base) == Connection:
+            return f"{get_node_name(get_args(base)[0])}Connection"
+    raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+Edge_ = TypeVar("Edge_", bound=Edge)
+
+
+@type_name(graphql=connection_name)
+@dataclass
+class Connection(Generic[Node_, Cursor_, Edge_]):
+    edges: Optional[Sequence[Optional[Edge_]]]
+    page_info: PageInfo[Cursor_]
+
+    @wrap_generic_init_subclass
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+        type_name(graphql=connection_name)(cls)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/global_identification.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/global_identification.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccc92d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/global_identification.py
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import (
+    Awaitable,
+    ClassVar,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Generic,
+    List,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+import graphql
+
+from apischema import deserialize, deserializer, serialize, serializer, type_name
+from apischema.graphql import ID, interface, resolver
+from apischema.metadata import skip
+from apischema.ordering import order
+from apischema.type_names import get_type_name
+from apischema.typing import generic_mro, get_args, get_origin
+from apischema.utils import PREFIX, has_type_vars, wrap_generic_init_subclass
+
+ID_TYPE_ATTR = f"{PREFIX}id_type"
+
+
+class InvalidGlobalId(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, value: str):
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.value} is not a valid global id"
+
+
+class NotANode(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, node_type: str):
+        self.node_type = node_type
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.node_type} is not a Node"
+
+
+Node_ = TypeVar("Node_", bound="Node")
+
+
+@dataclass
+class GlobalId(Generic[Node_]):
+    id: str
+    node_type: Type[Node_]
+
+
+@deserializer
+def deserialize_global_id(global_id: ID) -> GlobalId:
+    try:
+        node_key, id = global_id.split(":")
+    except ValueError:
+        raise InvalidGlobalId(global_id) from None
+    try:
+        return GlobalId(id, _nodes[node_key])
+    except KeyError:
+        raise NotANode(node_key) from None
+
+
+@serializer
+def serialize_global_id(global_id: GlobalId) -> ID:
+    return ID(f"{global_id.node_type._node_key()}:{global_id.id}")
+
+
+Id = TypeVar("Id")
+
+
+@type_name(graphql=lambda *_: "Node")
+@interface
+@dataclass  # type: ignore
+class Node(Generic[Id], ABC):
+    id: Id = field(metadata=skip)
+    global_id: ClassVar[property]
+
+    @property  # type: ignore
+    def global_id(self: Node_) -> GlobalId[Node_]:
+        return self.id_to_global(self.id)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def id_from_global(cls: Type[Node_], global_id: GlobalId[Node_]) -> Id:
+        if global_id.node_type != cls:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Expected {cls.__name__} global id,"
+                f" found {global_id.node_type.__name__} global id"
+            )
+        id_type = getattr(cls, ID_TYPE_ATTR)
+        # Use coercion to handle integer id
+        return cast(Id, deserialize(id_type, global_id.id, coerce=True))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def id_to_global(cls: Type[Node_], id: Id) -> GlobalId[Node_]:
+        return GlobalId(str(serialize(getattr(cls, ID_TYPE_ATTR), id)), cls)
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_id(
+        cls: Type[Node_], id: Id, info: graphql.GraphQLResolveInfo = None
+    ) -> Union[Node_, Awaitable[Node_]]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _node_key(cls) -> str:
+        node_name = get_type_name(cls).graphql
+        if node_name is None:
+            raise TypeError(f"Node {cls} has no type_name registered")
+        return node_name
+
+    @wrap_generic_init_subclass
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, not_a_node: bool = False, **kwargs):
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)  # type: ignore
+        if not not_a_node:
+            _tmp_nodes.append(cls)
+
+
+resolver("id", order=order(-1))(
+    Node.global_id
+)  # cannot directly decorate property because py36
+
+_tmp_nodes: List[Type[Node]] = []
+_nodes: Dict[str, Type[Node]] = {}
+
+
+def process_node(node_cls: Type[Node]):
+    if has_type_vars(node_cls) or node_cls.get_by_id is Node.get_by_id:
+        return
+    for base in node_cls.__mro__:
+        if base != Node and Node.get_by_id.__name__ in base.__dict__:
+            if not isinstance(
+                base.__dict__[Node.get_by_id.__name__], (classmethod, staticmethod)
+            ):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    f"{node_cls.__name__}.get_by_id must be a"
+                    f" classmethod/staticmethod"
+                )
+            break
+    for base in generic_mro(node_cls):
+        if get_origin(base) == Node:
+            setattr(node_cls, ID_TYPE_ATTR, get_args(base)[0])
+            _nodes[node_cls._node_key()] = node_cls
+            break
+    else:
+        raise TypeError("Node type parameter Id must be specialized")
+
+
+def nodes() -> Collection[Type[Node]]:
+    for node_cls in _tmp_nodes:
+        process_node(node_cls)
+    return list(_nodes.values())
+
+
+def node(id: ID, info: graphql.GraphQLResolveInfo = None) -> Node:
+    global_id = deserialize_global_id(id)
+    node_type = global_id.node_type
+    return node_type.get_by_id(node_type.id_from_global(global_id), info)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/mutations.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/mutations.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42a2345
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/mutations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+from dataclasses import Field, MISSING, field, make_dataclass
+from functools import wraps
+from inspect import Parameter, signature
+from typing import (
+    Awaitable,
+    Callable,
+    ClassVar,
+    Collection,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    NewType,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+)
+
+from graphql.pyutils import camel_to_snake
+
+from apischema.aliases import alias
+from apischema.graphql.schema import Mutation as Mutation_
+from apischema.schemas import Schema
+from apischema.serialization.serialized_methods import ErrorHandler
+from apischema.type_names import type_name
+from apischema.types import AnyType, Undefined
+from apischema.typing import get_type_hints
+from apischema.utils import is_async, is_union_of, wrap_generic_init_subclass
+
+ClientMutationId = NewType("ClientMutationId", str)
+type_name(None)(ClientMutationId)
+CLIENT_MUTATION_ID = "client_mutation_id"
+M = TypeVar("M", bound="Mutation")
+
+
+class Mutation:
+    _error_handler: ClassVar[ErrorHandler] = Undefined
+    _schema: ClassVar[Optional[Schema]] = None
+    _client_mutation_id: ClassVar[Optional[bool]] = None
+    _mutation: ClassVar[Mutation_]  # set in __init_subclass__
+
+    # Mutate is not defined to prevent Mypy warning about signature of superclass
+    mutate: ClassVar[Callable]
+
+    @wrap_generic_init_subclass
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+        if not hasattr(cls, "mutate"):
+            return
+        if not isinstance(cls.__dict__["mutate"], (classmethod, staticmethod)):
+            raise TypeError(f"{cls.__name__}.mutate must be a classmethod/staticmethod")
+        mutate = getattr(cls, "mutate")
+        type_name(f"{cls.__name__}Payload")(cls)
+        types = get_type_hints(mutate, localns={cls.__name__: cls}, include_extras=True)
+        async_mutate = is_async(mutate, types)
+        fields: List[Tuple[str, AnyType, Field]] = []
+        cmi_param = None
+        for param_name, param in signature(mutate).parameters.items():
+            if param.kind is Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY:
+                raise TypeError("Positional only parameters are not supported")
+            if param.kind in {Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD, Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY}:
+                if param_name not in types:
+                    raise TypeError("Mutation parameters must be typed")
+                field_type = types[param_name]
+                field_ = MISSING if param.default is Parameter.empty else param.default
+                if is_union_of(field_type, ClientMutationId):
+                    cmi_param = param_name
+                    if cls._client_mutation_id is False:
+                        if field_ is MISSING:
+                            raise TypeError(
+                                "Cannot have a ClientMutationId parameter"
+                                " when _client_mutation_id = False"
+                            )
+                        continue
+                    elif cls._client_mutation_id is True:
+                        field_ = MISSING
+                    field_ = field(default=field_, metadata=alias(CLIENT_MUTATION_ID))
+                fields.append((param_name, field_type, field_))
+        field_names = [name for (name, _, _) in fields]
+        if cmi_param is None and cls._client_mutation_id is not False:
+            fields.append(
+                (
+                    CLIENT_MUTATION_ID,
+                    ClientMutationId
+                    if cls._client_mutation_id
+                    else Optional[ClientMutationId],
+                    MISSING if cls._client_mutation_id else None,
+                )
+            )
+            cmi_param = CLIENT_MUTATION_ID
+        input_cls = make_dataclass(f"{cls.__name__}Input", fields)
+
+        def wrapper(input):
+            return mutate(**{name: getattr(input, name) for name in field_names})
+
+        wrapper.__annotations__["input"] = input_cls
+        wrapper.__annotations__["return"] = Awaitable[cls] if async_mutate else cls
+        if cls._client_mutation_id is not False:
+            cls.__annotations__[CLIENT_MUTATION_ID] = input_cls.__annotations__[
+                cmi_param
+            ]
+            setattr(cls, CLIENT_MUTATION_ID, field(init=False))
+            wrapped = wrapper
+
+            if async_mutate:
+
+                async def wrapper(input):
+                    result = await wrapped(input)
+                    setattr(result, CLIENT_MUTATION_ID, getattr(input, cmi_param))
+                    return result
+
+            else:
+
+                def wrapper(input):
+                    result = wrapped(input)
+                    setattr(result, CLIENT_MUTATION_ID, getattr(input, cmi_param))
+                    return result
+
+            wrapper = wraps(wrapped)(wrapper)
+
+        cls._mutation = Mutation_(
+            function=wrapper,
+            alias=camel_to_snake(cls.__name__),
+            schema=cls._schema,
+            error_handler=cls._error_handler,
+        )
+
+
+def _mutations(cls: Type[Mutation] = Mutation) -> Iterator[Type[Mutation]]:
+    for base in cls.__subclasses__():
+        if hasattr(base, "_mutation"):
+            yield base
+            yield from _mutations(base)
+
+
+def mutations() -> Collection[Mutation_]:
+    return [mut._mutation for mut in _mutations()]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee64a24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/relay/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from base64 import b64decode, b64encode
+
+
+def decode_base_64(s: str) -> str:
+    return b64decode(s).decode()
+
+
+def encode_base64(s: str) -> str:
+    return b64encode(s.encode()).decode()
+
+
+base64_encoding = (decode_base_64, encode_base64)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/resolvers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/resolvers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14e0c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/resolvers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import lru_cache
+from inspect import Parameter, signature
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Awaitable,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Iterator,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    overload,
+)
+
+import graphql
+
+from apischema import UndefinedType
+from apischema.aliases import Aliaser
+from apischema.cache import CacheAwareDict, cache
+from apischema.conversions import Conversion
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion, DefaultConversion
+from apischema.deserialization import deserialization_method
+from apischema.methods import method_registerer
+from apischema.objects import ObjectField
+from apischema.ordering import Ordering
+from apischema.schemas import Schema
+from apischema.serialization import (
+    PassThroughOptions,
+    SerializationMethod,
+    SerializationMethodVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.serialization.serialized_methods import (
+    ErrorHandler,
+    SerializedMethod,
+    _get_methods,
+    serialized as register_serialized,
+)
+from apischema.types import AnyType, NoneType, Undefined
+from apischema.typing import is_type
+from apischema.utils import (
+    awaitable_origin,
+    deprecate_kwargs,
+    empty_dict,
+    get_args2,
+    get_origin_or_type2,
+    identity,
+    is_async,
+    is_union_of,
+    keep_annotations,
+)
+from apischema.validation.errors import ValidationError
+
+
+class PartialSerializationMethodVisitor(SerializationMethodVisitor):
+    use_cache = False
+
+    @property
+    def _factory(self) -> Callable[[type], SerializationMethod]:
+        return lambda _: identity
+
+    def enum(self, cls: Type[Enum]) -> SerializationMethod:
+        return identity
+
+    def object(self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]) -> SerializationMethod:
+        return identity
+
+    def visit(self, tp: AnyType) -> SerializationMethod:
+        if tp is UndefinedType:
+            return lambda obj: None
+        return super().visit(tp)
+
+
+@cache
+def partial_serialization_method_factory(
+    aliaser: Aliaser,
+    conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+) -> Callable[[AnyType], SerializationMethod]:
+    @lru_cache()
+    def factory(tp: AnyType) -> SerializationMethod:
+        return PartialSerializationMethodVisitor(
+            additional_properties=False,
+            aliaser=aliaser,
+            check_type=False,
+            default_conversion=default_conversion,
+            exclude_defaults=False,
+            exclude_none=False,
+            exclude_unset=False,
+            fall_back_on_any=False,
+            pass_through_options=PassThroughOptions(),
+        ).visit_with_conv(tp, conversion)
+
+    return factory
+
+
+def unwrap_awaitable(tp: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+    if get_origin_or_type2(tp) == awaitable_origin:
+        return keep_annotations(get_args2(tp)[0] if get_args2(tp) else Any, tp)
+    else:
+        return tp
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Resolver(SerializedMethod):
+    parameters: Sequence[Parameter]
+    parameters_metadata: Mapping[str, Mapping]
+
+    def error_type(self) -> AnyType:
+        return unwrap_awaitable(super().error_type())
+
+    def return_type(self, return_type: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+        return super().return_type(unwrap_awaitable(return_type))
+
+
+_resolvers: MutableMapping[Type, Dict[str, Resolver]] = CacheAwareDict(
+    defaultdict(dict)
+)
+
+
+def get_resolvers(tp: AnyType) -> Collection[Tuple[Resolver, Mapping[str, AnyType]]]:
+    return _get_methods(tp, _resolvers)
+
+
+def none_error_handler(
+    __error: Exception, __obj: Any, __info: graphql.GraphQLResolveInfo, **kwargs
+) -> None:
+    return None
+
+
+def resolver_parameters(
+    resolver: Callable, *, check_first: bool
+) -> Iterator[Parameter]:
+    first = True
+    for param in signature(resolver).parameters.values():
+        if param.kind is Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY:
+            raise TypeError("Resolver can not have positional only parameters")
+        if param.kind in {Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD, Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY}:
+            if param.annotation is Parameter.empty and (check_first or not first):
+                raise TypeError("Resolver parameters must be typed")
+            yield param
+        first = False
+
+
+MethodOrProp = TypeVar("MethodOrProp", Callable, property)
+
+
+@overload
+def resolver(__method_or_property: MethodOrProp) -> MethodOrProp:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def resolver(
+    alias: str = None,
+    *,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    error_handler: ErrorHandler = Undefined,
+    order: Optional[Ordering] = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+    parameters_metadata: Mapping[str, Mapping] = None,
+    serialized: bool = False,
+    owner: Type = None,
+) -> Callable[[MethodOrProp], MethodOrProp]:
+    ...
+
+
+@deprecate_kwargs({"conversions": "conversion"})
+def resolver(
+    __arg=None,
+    *,
+    alias: str = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    error_handler: ErrorHandler = Undefined,
+    order: Optional[Ordering] = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+    parameters_metadata: Mapping[str, Mapping] = None,
+    serialized: bool = False,
+    owner: Type = None,
+):
+    def register(func: Callable, owner: Type, alias2: str):
+        alias2 = alias or alias2
+        _, *parameters = resolver_parameters(func, check_first=owner is None)
+        error_handler2 = error_handler
+        if error_handler2 is None:
+            error_handler2 = none_error_handler
+        elif error_handler2 is Undefined:
+            error_handler2 = None
+        resolver = Resolver(
+            func,
+            alias2,
+            conversion,
+            error_handler2,
+            order,
+            schema,
+            parameters,
+            parameters_metadata or {},
+        )
+        _resolvers[owner][alias2] = resolver
+        if serialized:
+            if is_async(func):
+                raise TypeError("Async resolver cannot be used as a serialized method")
+            try:
+                register_serialized(
+                    alias=alias2,
+                    conversion=conversion,
+                    schema=schema,
+                    error_handler=error_handler,
+                    owner=owner,
+                )(func)
+            except Exception:
+                raise TypeError("Resolver cannot be used as a serialized method")
+
+    if isinstance(__arg, str):
+        alias = __arg
+        __arg = None
+    return method_registerer(__arg, owner, register)
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+U = TypeVar("U")
+
+
+def as_async(func: Callable[[T], U]) -> Callable[[Awaitable[T]], Awaitable[U]]:
+    async def wrapper(arg: Awaitable[T]) -> U:
+        return func(await arg)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def resolver_resolve(
+    resolver: Resolver,
+    types: Mapping[str, AnyType],
+    aliaser: Aliaser,
+    default_deserialization: DefaultConversion,
+    default_serialization: DefaultConversion,
+    serialized: bool = True,
+) -> Callable:
+    # graphql deserialization will give Enum objects instead of strings
+    def handle_enum(tp: AnyType) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+        if is_type(tp) and issubclass(tp, Enum):
+            return Conversion(identity, source=Any, target=tp)
+        return default_deserialization(tp)
+
+    parameters, info_parameter = [], None
+    for param in resolver.parameters:
+        param_type = types[param.name]
+        if is_union_of(param_type, graphql.GraphQLResolveInfo):
+            info_parameter = param.name
+        else:
+            param_field = ObjectField(
+                param.name,
+                param_type,
+                param.default is Parameter.empty,
+                resolver.parameters_metadata.get(param.name, empty_dict),
+                param.default,
+            )
+            deserializer = deserialization_method(
+                param_type,
+                additional_properties=False,
+                aliaser=aliaser,
+                coerce=False,
+                conversion=param_field.deserialization,
+                default_conversion=handle_enum,
+                fall_back_on_default=False,
+                schema=param_field.schema,
+            )
+            opt_param = is_union_of(param_type, NoneType) or param.default is None
+            parameters.append(
+                (
+                    aliaser(param_field.alias),
+                    param.name,
+                    deserializer,
+                    opt_param,
+                    param_field.required,
+                )
+            )
+    func, error_handler = resolver.func, resolver.error_handler
+    method_factory = partial_serialization_method_factory(
+        aliaser, resolver.conversion, default_serialization
+    )
+
+    serialize_result: Callable[[Any], Any]
+    if not serialized:
+        serialize_result = identity
+    elif is_async(resolver.func):
+        serialize_result = as_async(method_factory(types["return"]))
+    else:
+        serialize_result = method_factory(types["return"])
+    serialize_error: Optional[Callable[[Any], Any]]
+    if error_handler is None:
+        serialize_error = None
+    elif is_async(error_handler):
+        serialize_error = as_async(method_factory(resolver.error_type()))
+    else:
+        serialize_error = method_factory(resolver.error_type())
+
+    def resolve(__self, __info, **kwargs):
+        values = {}
+        errors: Dict[str, ValidationError] = {}
+        for alias, param_name, deserializer, opt_param, required in parameters:
+            if alias in kwargs:
+                # It is possible for the parameter to be non-optional in Python
+                # type hints but optional in the generated schema. In this case
+                # we should ignore it.
+                # See: https://github.com/wyfo/apischema/pull/130#issuecomment-845497392
+                if not opt_param and kwargs[alias] is None:
+                    assert not required
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    values[param_name] = deserializer(kwargs[alias])
+                except ValidationError as err:
+                    errors[aliaser(param_name)] = err
+            elif opt_param and required:
+                values[param_name] = None
+
+        if errors:
+            raise ValueError(ValidationError(children=errors).errors)
+        if info_parameter:
+            values[info_parameter] = __info
+        try:
+            return serialize_result(func(__self, **values))
+        except Exception as error:
+            if error_handler is None:
+                raise
+            assert serialize_error is not None
+            return serialize_error(error_handler(error, __self, __info, **kwargs))
+
+    return resolve
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/schema.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/schema.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b2a4fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/graphql/schema.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1040 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field as field_, replace
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import wraps
+from inspect import Parameter, iscoroutinefunction
+from itertools import chain
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    AsyncIterable,
+    AsyncIterator,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Generic,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    NewType,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+import graphql
+
+from apischema import settings
+from apischema.aliases import Aliaser
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion, DefaultConversion
+from apischema.conversions.visitor import (
+    Conv,
+    Deserialization,
+    DeserializationVisitor,
+    Serialization,
+    SerializationVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.graphql.interfaces import get_interfaces, is_interface
+from apischema.graphql.resolvers import (
+    Resolver,
+    get_resolvers,
+    none_error_handler,
+    partial_serialization_method_factory,
+    resolver_parameters,
+    resolver_resolve,
+)
+from apischema.json_schema.schema import get_field_schema, get_method_schema, get_schema
+from apischema.metadata.keys import SCHEMA_METADATA
+from apischema.objects import ObjectField
+from apischema.objects.visitor import (
+    DeserializationObjectVisitor,
+    ObjectVisitor,
+    SerializationObjectVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.ordering import Ordering, sort_by_order
+from apischema.recursion import RecursiveConversionsVisitor
+from apischema.schemas import Schema, merge_schema
+from apischema.serialization import SerializationMethod, serialize
+from apischema.serialization.serialized_methods import ErrorHandler
+from apischema.type_names import TypeName, TypeNameFactory, get_type_name
+from apischema.types import AnyType, NoneType, OrderedDict, Undefined, UndefinedType
+from apischema.typing import get_args, get_origin, is_annotated
+from apischema.utils import (
+    Lazy,
+    as_predicate,
+    context_setter,
+    deprecate_kwargs,
+    empty_dict,
+    get_args2,
+    get_origin2,
+    get_origin_or_type,
+    identity,
+    is_union_of,
+    to_camel_case,
+)
+
+JsonScalar = graphql.GraphQLScalarType("JSON")
+if graphql.version_info >= (3, 1, 2):
+    JsonScalar.specified_by_url = (
+        "http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/ECMA-404.pdf"
+    )
+GRAPHQL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES = {
+    int: graphql.GraphQLInt,
+    float: graphql.GraphQLFloat,
+    str: graphql.GraphQLString,
+    bool: graphql.GraphQLBoolean,
+}
+
+ID = NewType("ID", str)
+
+
+class MissingName(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class Nullable(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+Thunk = Union[Callable[[], T], T]
+
+TypeThunk = Thunk[graphql.GraphQLType]
+
+
+def exec_thunk(thunk: TypeThunk, *, non_null=None) -> Any:
+    result = thunk if isinstance(thunk, graphql.GraphQLType) else thunk()
+    if non_null is True and not isinstance(result, graphql.GraphQLNonNull):
+        return graphql.GraphQLNonNull(result)  # type: ignore
+    if non_null is False and isinstance(result, graphql.GraphQLNonNull):
+        return result.of_type
+    return result
+
+
+def get_parameter_schema(
+    func: Callable, parameter: Parameter, field: ObjectField
+) -> Optional[Schema]:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    return merge_schema(
+        settings.base_schema.parameter(func, parameter, field.alias), field.schema
+    )
+
+
+def merged_schema(
+    schema: Optional[Schema], tp: Optional[AnyType]
+) -> Tuple[Optional[Schema], Mapping[str, Any]]:
+    if is_annotated(tp):
+        for annotation in reversed(get_args(tp)[1:]):
+            if isinstance(annotation, TypeNameFactory):
+                break
+            elif isinstance(annotation, Mapping) and SCHEMA_METADATA in annotation:
+                schema = merge_schema(annotation[SCHEMA_METADATA], schema)
+    schema_dict: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+    if schema is not None:
+        schema.merge_into(schema_dict)
+    return schema, schema_dict
+
+
+def get_description(
+    schema: Optional[Schema], tp: Optional[AnyType] = None
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    _, schema_dict = merged_schema(schema, tp)
+    return schema_dict.get("description")
+
+
+def get_deprecated(
+    schema: Optional[Schema], tp: Optional[AnyType] = None
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    schema, schema_dict = merged_schema(schema, tp)
+    if not schema_dict.get("deprecated", False):
+        return None
+    while schema is not None:
+        if schema.annotations is not None:
+            if isinstance(schema.annotations.deprecated, str):
+                return schema.annotations.deprecated
+            elif schema.annotations.deprecated:
+                return graphql.DEFAULT_DEPRECATION_REASON
+        schema = schema.child
+    return graphql.DEFAULT_DEPRECATION_REASON
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ResolverField:
+    resolver: Resolver
+    types: Mapping[str, AnyType]
+    parameters: Sequence[Parameter]
+    metadata: Mapping[str, Mapping]
+    subscribe: Optional[Callable] = None
+
+
+IdPredicate = Callable[[AnyType], bool]
+UnionNameFactory = Callable[[Sequence[str]], str]
+
+
+GraphQLTp = TypeVar("GraphQLTp", graphql.GraphQLInputType, graphql.GraphQLOutputType)
+
+FactoryFunction = Callable[[Optional[str], Optional[str]], GraphQLTp]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class TypeFactory(Generic[GraphQLTp]):
+    factory: FactoryFunction[GraphQLTp]
+    name: Optional[str] = None
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    # non_null cannot be a field because it can not be forward to factories called in
+    # wrapping factories (e.g. recursive wrapper)
+
+    def merge(
+        self, type_name: TypeName = TypeName(), schema: Optional[Schema] = None
+    ) -> "TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]":
+        if type_name == TypeName() and schema is None:
+            return self
+        return replace(
+            self,
+            name=type_name.graphql or self.name,
+            description=get_description(schema) or self.description,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def type(self) -> GraphQLTp:
+        return self.factory(self.name, self.description)  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def raw_type(self) -> GraphQLTp:
+        tp = self.type
+        return tp.of_type if isinstance(tp, graphql.GraphQLNonNull) else tp
+
+
+def unwrap_name(name: Optional[str], tp: AnyType) -> str:
+    if name is None:
+        raise TypeError(f"Missing name for {tp}")
+    return name
+
+
+Method = TypeVar("Method", bound=Callable[..., TypeFactory])
+
+
+def cache_type(method: Method) -> Method:
+    @wraps(method)
+    def wrapper(self: "SchemaBuilder", *args, **kwargs):
+        factory = method(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        @wraps(factory.factory)  # type: ignore
+        def name_cache(
+            name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]
+        ) -> graphql.GraphQLNonNull:
+            if name is None:
+                return graphql.GraphQLNonNull(factory.factory(name, description))  # type: ignore
+            # Method is in cache key because scalar types will have the same method,
+            # and then be shared by both visitors, while input/output types will have
+            # their own cache entry.
+            if (name, method, description) in self._cache_by_name:
+                tp, cached_args = self._cache_by_name[(name, method, description)]
+                if cached_args == (args, kwargs):
+                    return tp
+            tp = graphql.GraphQLNonNull(factory.factory(name, description))  # type: ignore
+            # Don't put args in cache in order to avoid hashable issue
+            self._cache_by_name[(name, method, description)] = (tp, (args, kwargs))
+            return tp
+
+        return replace(factory, factory=name_cache)
+
+    return cast(Method, wrapper)
+
+
+class SchemaBuilder(
+    RecursiveConversionsVisitor[Conv, TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]],
+    ObjectVisitor[TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]],
+):
+    types: Tuple[Type[graphql.GraphQLType], ...]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        aliaser: Aliaser,
+        enum_aliaser: Aliaser,
+        enum_schemas: Mapping[Enum, Schema],
+        default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+        id_type: graphql.GraphQLScalarType,
+        is_id: Optional[IdPredicate],
+    ):
+        super().__init__(default_conversion)
+        self.aliaser = aliaser
+        self.enum_aliaser = enum_aliaser
+        self.enum_schemas = enum_schemas
+        self.id_type = id_type
+        self.is_id = is_id or (lambda t: False)
+        self._cache_by_name: Dict[
+            Tuple[str, Callable, Optional[str]],
+            Tuple[graphql.GraphQLNonNull, Tuple[tuple, dict]],
+        ] = {}
+
+    def _recursive_result(
+        self, lazy: Lazy[TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]]
+    ) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        def factory(name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]) -> GraphQLTp:
+            cached_fact = lazy()
+            return cached_fact.factory(  # type: ignore
+                name or cached_fact.name, description or cached_fact.description
+            )
+
+        return TypeFactory(factory)
+
+    def annotated(
+        self, tp: AnyType, annotations: Sequence[Any]
+    ) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        factory = super().annotated(tp, annotations)
+        type_name = False
+        for annotation in reversed(annotations):
+            if isinstance(annotation, TypeNameFactory):
+                if type_name:
+                    break
+                type_name = True
+                factory = factory.merge(annotation.to_type_name(tp))
+            if isinstance(annotation, Mapping):
+                if type_name:
+                    factory = factory.merge(schema=annotation.get(SCHEMA_METADATA))
+        return factory  # type: ignore
+
+    @cache_type
+    def any(self) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        def factory(
+            name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]
+        ) -> graphql.GraphQLScalarType:
+            if name is None:
+                return JsonScalar
+            else:
+                return graphql.GraphQLScalarType(name, description=description)
+
+        return TypeFactory(factory)
+
+    @cache_type
+    def collection(
+        self, cls: Type[Collection], value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        return TypeFactory(lambda *_: graphql.GraphQLList(self.visit(value_type).type))
+
+    @cache_type
+    def enum(self, cls: Type[Enum]) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        def factory(
+            name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]
+        ) -> graphql.GraphQLEnumType:
+            return graphql.GraphQLEnumType(
+                unwrap_name(name, cls),
+                {
+                    self.enum_aliaser(name): graphql.GraphQLEnumValue(
+                        member,
+                        get_description(self.enum_schemas.get(member)),
+                        get_deprecated(self.enum_schemas.get(member)),
+                    )
+                    for name, member in cls.__members__.items()
+                },
+                description=description,
+            )
+
+        return TypeFactory(factory)
+
+    @cache_type
+    def literal(self, values: Sequence[Any]) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        from apischema.typing import Literal
+
+        if not all(isinstance(v, str) for v in values):
+            raise TypeError("apischema GraphQL only support Literal of strings")
+
+        def factory(
+            name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]
+        ) -> graphql.GraphQLEnumType:
+            return graphql.GraphQLEnumType(
+                unwrap_name(name, Literal[tuple(values)]),  # type: ignore
+                dict(zip(map(self.enum_aliaser, values), values)),
+                description=description,
+            )
+
+        return TypeFactory(factory)
+
+    @cache_type
+    def mapping(
+        self, cls: Type[Mapping], key_type: AnyType, value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        def factory(
+            name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]
+        ) -> graphql.GraphQLScalarType:
+            if name is not None:
+                return graphql.GraphQLScalarType(name, description=description)
+            else:
+                return JsonScalar
+
+        return TypeFactory(factory)
+
+    def object(
+        self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]
+    ) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @cache_type
+    def primitive(self, cls: Type) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        def factory(
+            name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]
+        ) -> graphql.GraphQLScalarType:
+            assert cls is not NoneType
+            if name is not None:
+                return graphql.GraphQLScalarType(name, description=description)
+            else:
+                return GRAPHQL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES[cls]
+
+        return TypeFactory(factory)
+
+    def tuple(self, types: Sequence[AnyType]) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        raise TypeError("Tuple are not supported")
+
+    def union(self, alternatives: Sequence[AnyType]) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        factories = self._union_results(
+            (alt for alt in alternatives if alt is not NoneType)
+        )
+        if len(factories) == 1:
+            factory = factories[0]
+        else:
+            factory = self._visited_union(factories)
+        if NoneType in alternatives or UndefinedType in alternatives:
+
+            def nullable(name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]) -> GraphQLTp:
+                res = factory.factory(name, description)  # type: ignore
+                return res.of_type if isinstance(res, graphql.GraphQLNonNull) else res
+
+            return replace(factory, factory=nullable)
+        else:
+            return factory
+
+    def visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Optional[Conv],
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion] = None,
+    ) -> TypeFactory[GraphQLTp]:
+        if not dynamic and self.is_id(tp) or tp == ID:
+            return TypeFactory(lambda *_: graphql.GraphQLNonNull(self.id_type))
+        factory = super().visit_conversion(tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion)
+        if not dynamic:
+            factory = factory.merge(get_type_name(tp), get_schema(tp))
+            if get_args(tp):
+                factory = factory.merge(schema=get_schema(get_origin(tp)))
+        return factory  # type: ignore
+
+
+FieldType = TypeVar("FieldType", graphql.GraphQLInputField, graphql.GraphQLField)
+
+
+class BaseField(Generic[FieldType]):
+    name: str
+    ordering: Optional[Ordering]
+
+    def items(self) -> Iterable[Tuple[str, FieldType]]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+@dataclass
+class NormalField(BaseField[FieldType]):
+    alias: str
+    name: str
+    field: Lazy[FieldType]
+    ordering: Optional[Ordering]
+
+    def items(self) -> Iterable[Tuple[str, FieldType]]:
+        yield self.alias, self.field()
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FlattenedField(BaseField[FieldType]):
+    name: str
+    ordering: Optional[Ordering]
+    type: TypeFactory
+
+    def items(self) -> Iterable[Tuple[str, FieldType]]:
+        tp = self.type.raw_type
+        if not isinstance(
+            tp,
+            (
+                graphql.GraphQLObjectType,
+                graphql.GraphQLInterfaceType,
+                graphql.GraphQLInputObjectType,
+            ),
+        ):
+            raise FlattenedError(self)
+        yield from tp.fields.items()
+
+
+class FlattenedError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, field: FlattenedField):
+        self.field = field
+
+
+def merge_fields(cls: type, fields: Sequence[BaseField]) -> Dict[str, FieldType]:
+    try:
+        sorted_fields = sort_by_order(
+            cls, fields, lambda f: f.name, lambda f: f.ordering
+        )
+    except FlattenedError as err:
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Flattened field {cls.__name__}.{err.field.name}"
+            f" must have an object type"
+        )
+    return OrderedDict(chain.from_iterable(map(lambda f: f.items(), sorted_fields)))
+
+
+class InputSchemaBuilder(
+    SchemaBuilder[Deserialization, graphql.GraphQLInputType],
+    DeserializationVisitor[TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLInputType]],
+    DeserializationObjectVisitor[TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLInputType]],
+):
+    types = graphql.type.definition.graphql_input_types
+
+    def _field(
+        self, tp: AnyType, field: ObjectField
+    ) -> Lazy[graphql.GraphQLInputField]:
+        field_type = field.type
+        field_default = graphql.Undefined if field.required else field.get_default()
+        default: Any = graphql.Undefined
+        # Don't put `null` default + handle Undefined as None
+        if field_default in {None, Undefined}:
+            field_type = Optional[field_type]
+        elif field_default is not graphql.Undefined:
+            try:
+                default = serialize(
+                    field_type,
+                    field_default,
+                    aliaser=self.aliaser,
+                    conversion=field.deserialization,
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                field_type = Optional[field_type]
+        factory = self.visit_with_conv(field_type, field.deserialization)
+        return lambda: graphql.GraphQLInputField(
+            factory.type,  # type: ignore
+            default_value=default,
+            description=get_description(get_field_schema(tp, field), field.type),
+        )
+
+    @cache_type
+    def object(
+        self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]
+    ) -> TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLInputType]:
+        visited_fields: List[BaseField] = []
+        for field in fields:
+            if not field.is_aggregate:
+                normal_field = NormalField(
+                    self.aliaser(field.alias),
+                    field.name,
+                    self._field(tp, field),
+                    field.ordering,
+                )
+                visited_fields.append(normal_field)
+            elif field.flattened:
+                flattened_fields = FlattenedField(
+                    field.name,
+                    field.ordering,
+                    self.visit_with_conv(field.type, field.deserialization),
+                )
+                visited_fields.append(flattened_fields)
+
+        def factory(
+            name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]
+        ) -> graphql.GraphQLInputObjectType:
+            name = unwrap_name(name, tp)
+            if not name.endswith("Input"):
+                name += "Input"
+            return graphql.GraphQLInputObjectType(
+                name,
+                lambda: merge_fields(get_origin_or_type(tp), visited_fields),
+                description,
+            )
+
+        return TypeFactory(factory)
+
+    def _visited_union(
+        self, results: Sequence[TypeFactory]
+    ) -> TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLInputType]:
+        # Check must be done here too because _union_result is used by visit_conversion
+        if len(results) != 1:
+            raise TypeError("Union are not supported for input")
+        return results[0]
+
+
+Func = TypeVar("Func", bound=Callable)
+
+
+class OutputSchemaBuilder(
+    SchemaBuilder[Serialization, graphql.GraphQLOutputType],
+    SerializationVisitor[TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLOutputType]],
+    SerializationObjectVisitor[TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLOutputType]],
+):
+    types = graphql.type.definition.graphql_output_types
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        aliaser: Aliaser,
+        enum_aliaser: Aliaser,
+        enum_schemas: Mapping[Enum, Schema],
+        default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+        id_type: graphql.GraphQLScalarType,
+        is_id: Optional[IdPredicate],
+        union_name_factory: UnionNameFactory,
+        default_deserialization: DefaultConversion,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            aliaser, enum_aliaser, enum_schemas, default_conversion, id_type, is_id
+        )
+        self.union_name_factory = union_name_factory
+        self.input_builder = InputSchemaBuilder(
+            self.aliaser,
+            self.enum_aliaser,
+            self.enum_schemas,
+            default_deserialization,
+            self.id_type,
+            self.is_id,
+        )
+        # Share the same cache for input_builder in order to share scalar types
+        self.input_builder._cache_by_name = self._cache_by_name
+        self.get_flattened: Optional[Callable[[Any], Any]] = None
+
+    def _field_serialization_method(self, field: ObjectField) -> SerializationMethod:
+        return partial_serialization_method_factory(
+            self.aliaser, field.serialization, self.default_conversion
+        )(Optional[field.type] if field.none_as_undefined else field.type)
+
+    def _wrap_resolve(self, resolve: Func) -> Func:
+        if self.get_flattened is None:
+            return resolve
+        else:
+            get_flattened = self.get_flattened
+
+            def resolve_wrapper(__obj, __info, **kwargs):
+                return resolve(get_flattened(__obj), __info, **kwargs)
+
+            return cast(Func, resolve_wrapper)
+
+    def _field(self, tp: AnyType, field: ObjectField) -> Lazy[graphql.GraphQLField]:
+        field_name = field.name
+        partial_serialize = self._field_serialization_method(field)
+
+        @self._wrap_resolve
+        def resolve(obj, _):
+            return partial_serialize(getattr(obj, field_name))
+
+        factory = self.visit_with_conv(field.type, field.serialization)
+        field_schema = get_field_schema(tp, field)
+        return lambda: graphql.GraphQLField(
+            factory.type,
+            None,
+            resolve,
+            description=get_description(field_schema, field.type),
+            deprecation_reason=get_deprecated(field_schema, field.type),
+        )
+
+    def _resolver(
+        self, tp: AnyType, field: ResolverField
+    ) -> Lazy[graphql.GraphQLField]:
+        resolve = self._wrap_resolve(
+            resolver_resolve(
+                field.resolver,
+                field.types,
+                self.aliaser,
+                self.input_builder.default_conversion,
+                self.default_conversion,
+            )
+        )
+        args = None
+        if field.parameters is not None:
+            args = {}
+            for param in field.parameters:
+                default: Any = graphql.Undefined
+                param_type = field.types[param.name]
+                if is_union_of(param_type, graphql.GraphQLResolveInfo):
+                    break
+                param_field = ObjectField(
+                    param.name,
+                    param_type,
+                    param.default is Parameter.empty,
+                    field.metadata.get(param.name, empty_dict),
+                    default=param.default,
+                )
+                if param_field.required:
+                    pass
+                # Don't put `null` default + handle Undefined as None
+                # also https://github.com/python/typing/issues/775
+                elif param.default in {None, Undefined}:
+                    param_type = Optional[param_type]
+                # param.default == graphql.Undefined means the parameter is required
+                # even if it has a default
+                elif param.default not in {Parameter.empty, graphql.Undefined}:
+                    try:
+                        default = serialize(
+                            param_type,
+                            param.default,
+                            fall_back_on_any=False,
+                            check_type=True,
+                        )
+                    except Exception:
+                        param_type = Optional[param_type]
+                arg_factory = self.input_builder.visit_with_conv(
+                    param_type, param_field.deserialization
+                )
+                description = get_description(
+                    get_parameter_schema(field.resolver.func, param, param_field),
+                    param_field.type,
+                )
+
+                def arg_thunk(
+                    arg_factory=arg_factory, default=default, description=description
+                ) -> graphql.GraphQLArgument:
+                    return graphql.GraphQLArgument(
+                        arg_factory.type, default, description
+                    )
+
+                args[self.aliaser(param_field.alias)] = arg_thunk
+        factory = self.visit_with_conv(field.types["return"], field.resolver.conversion)
+        field_schema = get_method_schema(tp, field.resolver)
+        return lambda: graphql.GraphQLField(
+            factory.type,  # type: ignore
+            {name: arg() for name, arg in args.items()} if args else None,
+            resolve,
+            field.subscribe,
+            get_description(field_schema),
+            get_deprecated(field_schema),
+        )
+
+    def _visit_flattened(
+        self, field: ObjectField
+    ) -> TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLOutputType]:
+        get_prev_flattened = (
+            self.get_flattened if self.get_flattened is not None else identity
+        )
+        field_name = field.name
+        partial_serialize = self._field_serialization_method(field)
+
+        def get_flattened(obj):
+            return partial_serialize(getattr(get_prev_flattened(obj), field_name))
+
+        with context_setter(self):
+            self.get_flattened = get_flattened
+            return self.visit_with_conv(field.type, field.serialization)
+
+    @cache_type
+    def object(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        fields: Sequence[ObjectField],
+        resolvers: Sequence[ResolverField] = (),
+    ) -> TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLOutputType]:
+        cls = get_origin_or_type(tp)
+        visited_fields: List[BaseField[graphql.GraphQLField]] = []
+        flattened_factories = []
+        for field in fields:
+            if not field.is_aggregate:
+                normal_field = NormalField(
+                    self.aliaser(field.name),
+                    field.name,
+                    self._field(tp, field),
+                    field.ordering,
+                )
+                visited_fields.append(normal_field)
+            elif field.flattened:
+                flattened_factory = self._visit_flattened(field)
+                flattened_factories.append(flattened_factory)
+                visited_fields.append(
+                    FlattenedField(field.name, field.ordering, flattened_factory)
+                )
+        resolvers = list(resolvers)
+        for resolver, types in get_resolvers(tp):
+            resolver_field = ResolverField(
+                resolver, types, resolver.parameters, resolver.parameters_metadata
+            )
+            resolvers.append(resolver_field)
+        for resolver_field in resolvers:
+            normal_field = NormalField(
+                self.aliaser(resolver_field.resolver.alias),
+                resolver_field.resolver.func.__name__,
+                self._resolver(tp, resolver_field),
+                resolver_field.resolver.ordering,
+            )
+            visited_fields.append(normal_field)
+
+        interface_thunk = None
+        interfaces = list(map(self.visit, get_interfaces(cls)))
+        if interfaces or flattened_factories:
+
+            def interface_thunk() -> Collection[graphql.GraphQLInterfaceType]:
+                all_interfaces = {
+                    cast(graphql.GraphQLInterfaceType, i.raw_type) for i in interfaces
+                }
+                for flattened_factory in flattened_factories:
+                    flattened = cast(
+                        Union[graphql.GraphQLObjectType, graphql.GraphQLInterfaceType],
+                        flattened_factory.raw_type,
+                    )
+                    if isinstance(flattened, graphql.GraphQLObjectType):
+                        all_interfaces.update(flattened.interfaces)
+                    elif isinstance(flattened, graphql.GraphQLInterfaceType):
+                        all_interfaces.add(flattened)
+                return sorted(all_interfaces, key=lambda i: i.name)
+
+        def factory(
+            name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]
+        ) -> Union[graphql.GraphQLObjectType, graphql.GraphQLInterfaceType]:
+            name = unwrap_name(name, cls)
+            if is_interface(cls):
+                return graphql.GraphQLInterfaceType(
+                    name,
+                    lambda: merge_fields(cls, visited_fields),
+                    interface_thunk,
+                    description=description,
+                )
+            else:
+                return graphql.GraphQLObjectType(
+                    name,
+                    lambda: merge_fields(cls, visited_fields),
+                    interface_thunk,
+                    is_type_of=lambda obj, _: isinstance(obj, cls),
+                    description=description,
+                )
+
+        return TypeFactory(factory)
+
+    def typed_dict(
+        self, tp: Type, types: Mapping[str, AnyType], required_keys: Collection[str]
+    ) -> TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLOutputType]:
+        raise TypeError("TypedDict are not supported in output schema")
+
+    @cache_type
+    def _visited_union(
+        self, results: Sequence[TypeFactory]
+    ) -> TypeFactory[graphql.GraphQLOutputType]:
+        def factory(
+            name: Optional[str], description: Optional[str]
+        ) -> graphql.GraphQLOutputType:
+            types = [factory.raw_type for factory in results]
+            if name is None:
+                name = self.union_name_factory([t.name for t in types])
+            return graphql.GraphQLUnionType(name, types, description=description)
+
+        return TypeFactory(factory)
+
+
+async_iterable_origins = set(map(get_origin, (AsyncIterable[Any], AsyncIterator[Any])))
+
+_fake_type = cast(type, ...)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Operation(Generic[T]):
+    function: Callable[..., T]
+    alias: Optional[str] = None
+    conversion: Optional[AnyConversion] = None
+    error_handler: ErrorHandler = Undefined
+    order: Optional[Ordering] = None
+    schema: Optional[Schema] = None
+    parameters_metadata: Mapping[str, Mapping] = field_(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class Query(Operation):
+    pass
+
+
+class Mutation(Operation):
+    pass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Subscription(Operation[AsyncIterable]):
+    resolver: Optional[Callable] = None
+
+
+Op = TypeVar("Op", bound=Operation)
+
+
+def operation_resolver(operation: Union[Callable, Op], op_class: Type[Op]) -> Resolver:
+    if not isinstance(operation, op_class):
+        operation = op_class(operation)  # type: ignore
+    error_handler: Optional[Callable]
+    if operation.error_handler is Undefined:
+        error_handler = None
+    elif operation.error_handler is None:
+        error_handler = none_error_handler
+    else:
+        error_handler = operation.error_handler
+    op = operation.function
+    if iscoroutinefunction(op):
+
+        async def wrapper(_, *args, **kwargs):
+            return await op(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    else:
+
+        def wrapper(_, *args, **kwargs):
+            return op(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    wrapper.__annotations__ = op.__annotations__
+
+    (*parameters,) = resolver_parameters(operation.function, check_first=True)
+    return Resolver(
+        wrapper,
+        operation.alias or operation.function.__name__,
+        operation.conversion,
+        error_handler,
+        operation.order,
+        operation.schema,
+        parameters,
+        operation.parameters_metadata,
+    )
+
+
+@deprecate_kwargs({"union_ref": "union_name"})
+def graphql_schema(
+    *,
+    query: Iterable[Union[Callable, Query]] = (),
+    mutation: Iterable[Union[Callable, Mutation]] = (),
+    subscription: Iterable[Union[Callable[..., AsyncIterable], Subscription]] = (),
+    types: Iterable[Type] = (),
+    directives: Optional[Collection[graphql.GraphQLDirective]] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    extensions: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    aliaser: Optional[Aliaser] = to_camel_case,
+    enum_aliaser: Optional[Aliaser] = str.upper,
+    enum_schemas: Optional[Mapping[Enum, Schema]] = None,
+    id_types: Union[Collection[AnyType], IdPredicate] = (),
+    id_encoding: Tuple[
+        Optional[Callable[[str], Any]], Optional[Callable[[Any], str]]
+    ] = (None, None),
+    union_name: UnionNameFactory = "Or".join,
+    default_deserialization: DefaultConversion = None,
+    default_serialization: DefaultConversion = None,
+) -> graphql.GraphQLSchema:
+    if aliaser is None:
+        aliaser = settings.aliaser
+    if enum_aliaser is None:
+        enum_aliaser = lambda s: s
+    if default_deserialization is None:
+        default_deserialization = settings.deserialization.default_conversion
+    if default_serialization is None:
+        default_serialization = settings.serialization.default_conversion
+    query_fields: List[ResolverField] = []
+    mutation_fields: List[ResolverField] = []
+    subscription_fields: List[ResolverField] = []
+    for operations, op_class, fields in [
+        (query, Query, query_fields),
+        (mutation, Mutation, mutation_fields),
+    ]:
+        for operation in operations:  # type: ignore
+            resolver = operation_resolver(operation, op_class)
+            resolver_field = ResolverField(
+                resolver,
+                resolver.types(),
+                resolver.parameters,
+                resolver.parameters_metadata,
+            )
+            fields.append(resolver_field)
+    for sub_op in subscription:  # type: ignore
+        if not isinstance(sub_op, Subscription):
+            sub_op = Subscription(sub_op)  # type: ignore
+        sub_parameters: Sequence[Parameter]
+        if sub_op.resolver is not None:
+            subscriber2 = operation_resolver(sub_op, Subscription)
+            _, *sub_parameters = resolver_parameters(sub_op.resolver, check_first=False)
+            resolver = Resolver(
+                sub_op.resolver,
+                sub_op.alias or sub_op.resolver.__name__,
+                sub_op.conversion,
+                subscriber2.error_handler,
+                sub_op.order,
+                sub_op.schema,
+                sub_parameters,
+                sub_op.parameters_metadata,
+            )
+            sub_types = resolver.types()
+            subscriber = replace(subscriber2, error_handler=None)
+            subscribe = resolver_resolve(
+                subscriber,
+                subscriber.types(),
+                aliaser,
+                default_deserialization,
+                default_serialization,
+                serialized=False,
+            )
+        else:
+            subscriber2 = operation_resolver(sub_op, Subscription)
+            resolver = Resolver(
+                lambda _: _,
+                subscriber2.alias,
+                sub_op.conversion,
+                subscriber2.error_handler,
+                sub_op.order,
+                sub_op.schema,
+                (),
+                {},
+            )
+            subscriber = replace(subscriber2, error_handler=None)
+            sub_parameters = subscriber.parameters
+            sub_types = subscriber.types()
+            if get_origin2(sub_types["return"]) not in async_iterable_origins:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "Subscriptions must return an AsyncIterable/AsyncIterator"
+                )
+            event_type = get_args2(sub_types["return"])[0]
+            subscribe = resolver_resolve(
+                subscriber,
+                sub_types,
+                aliaser,
+                default_deserialization,
+                default_serialization,
+                serialized=False,
+            )
+            sub_types = {**sub_types, "return": resolver.return_type(event_type)}
+
+        resolver_field = ResolverField(
+            resolver, sub_types, sub_parameters, sub_op.parameters_metadata, subscribe
+        )
+        subscription_fields.append(resolver_field)
+
+    is_id = as_predicate(id_types)
+    if id_encoding == (None, None):
+        id_type: graphql.GraphQLScalarType = graphql.GraphQLID
+    else:
+        id_deserializer, id_serializer = id_encoding
+        id_type = graphql.GraphQLScalarType(
+            name="ID",
+            serialize=id_serializer or graphql.GraphQLID.serialize,
+            parse_value=id_deserializer or graphql.GraphQLID.parse_value,
+            parse_literal=graphql.GraphQLID.parse_literal,
+            description=graphql.GraphQLID.description,
+        )
+
+    output_builder = OutputSchemaBuilder(
+        aliaser,
+        enum_aliaser,
+        enum_schemas or {},
+        default_serialization,
+        id_type,
+        is_id,
+        union_name,
+        default_deserialization,
+    )
+
+    def root_type(
+        name: str, fields: Sequence[ResolverField]
+    ) -> Optional[graphql.GraphQLObjectType]:
+        if not fields:
+            return None
+        tp, type_name = type(name, (), {}), TypeName(graphql=name)
+        return output_builder.object(tp, (), fields).merge(type_name, None).raw_type  # type: ignore
+
+    return graphql.GraphQLSchema(
+        query=root_type("Query", query_fields),
+        mutation=root_type("Mutation", mutation_fields),
+        subscription=root_type("Subscription", subscription_fields),
+        types=[output_builder.visit(cls).raw_type for cls in types],  # type: ignore
+        directives=directives,
+        description=description,
+        extensions=extensions,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab529b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "JsonSchemaVersion",
+    "definitions_schema",
+    "deserialization_schema",
+    "serialization_schema",
+]
+
+from apischema.json_schema.schema import (
+    definitions_schema,
+    deserialization_schema,
+    serialization_schema,
+)
+from .versions import JsonSchemaVersion
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/conversions_resolver.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/conversions_resolver.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a04c7c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/conversions_resolver.py
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+from contextlib import suppress
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Collection,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion, DefaultConversion
+from apischema.conversions.visitor import (
+    Conv,
+    ConversionsVisitor,
+    DeserializationVisitor,
+    SerializationVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.utils import is_hashable
+from apischema.visitor import Unsupported
+
+try:
+    from apischema.typing import Annotated, is_union
+except ImportError:
+    Annotated = ...  # type: ignore
+
+
+def merge_results(
+    results: Iterable[Sequence[AnyType]], origin: AnyType
+) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+    def rec(index=0) -> Iterator[Sequence[AnyType]]:
+        if index < len(result_list):
+            for next_ in rec(index + 1):
+                for res in result_list[index]:
+                    yield (res, *next_)
+        else:
+            yield ()
+
+    result_list = list(results)
+    return [(Union if is_union(origin) else origin)[tuple(r)] for r in rec()]
+
+
+class ConversionsResolver(ConversionsVisitor[Conv, Sequence[AnyType]]):
+    def __init__(self, default_conversion: DefaultConversion):
+        super().__init__(default_conversion)
+        self._skip_conversion = True
+        self._rec_guard: Set[Tuple[AnyType, Conv]] = set()
+
+    def annotated(self, tp: AnyType, annotations: Sequence[Any]) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+        return [
+            Annotated[(res, *annotations)] for res in super().annotated(tp, annotations)
+        ]
+
+    def collection(
+        self, cls: Type[Collection], value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+        return merge_results([self.visit(value_type)], Collection)
+
+    def mapping(
+        self, cls: Type[Mapping], key_type: AnyType, value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+        return merge_results([self.visit(key_type), self.visit(value_type)], Mapping)
+
+    def new_type(self, tp: AnyType, super_type: AnyType) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def tuple(self, types: Sequence[AnyType]) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+        return merge_results(map(self.visit, types), Tuple)
+
+    def _visited_union(self, results: Sequence[Sequence[AnyType]]) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+        return merge_results(results, Union)
+
+    def visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Any,
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion] = None,
+    ) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+        if conversion is not None and self._skip_conversion:
+            return [] if dynamic else [tp]
+        self._skip_conversion = False
+        results: Sequence[AnyType] = []
+        if not is_hashable(tp):
+            with suppress(NotImplementedError, Unsupported):
+                results = super().visit_conversion(
+                    tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion
+                )
+        elif (tp, conversion) not in self._rec_guard:
+            self._rec_guard.add((tp, conversion))
+            with suppress(NotImplementedError, Unsupported):
+                results = super().visit_conversion(
+                    tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion
+                )
+            self._rec_guard.remove((tp, conversion))
+        if not dynamic and (conversion is not None or not results):
+            results = [tp, *results]
+        return results
+
+
+class WithConversionsResolver:
+    def resolve_conversion(self, tp: AnyType) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+        Resolver: Type[ConversionsResolver]
+        if issubclass(cls, DeserializationVisitor):
+
+            class Resolver(ConversionsResolver, DeserializationVisitor):
+                pass
+
+        elif issubclass(cls, SerializationVisitor):
+
+            class Resolver(ConversionsResolver, SerializationVisitor):
+                pass
+
+        else:
+            return
+
+        def resolve_conversion(
+            self: ConversionsVisitor, tp: AnyType
+        ) -> Sequence[AnyType]:
+            return Resolver(self.default_conversion).visit_with_conv(
+                tp, self._conversion
+            )
+
+        assert issubclass(cls, WithConversionsResolver)
+        cls.resolve_conversion = resolve_conversion  # type: ignore
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/patterns.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/patterns.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a52488d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/patterns.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from typing import Pattern
+
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import DefaultConversion
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+
+
+def infer_pattern(tp: AnyType, default_conversion: DefaultConversion) -> Pattern:
+    from apischema.json_schema.schema import DeserializationSchemaBuilder
+
+    try:
+        builder = DeserializationSchemaBuilder(
+            False, default_conversion, False, lambda r: r, {}
+        )
+        prop_schema = builder.visit(tp)
+    except RecursionError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        if (
+            len(prop_schema.get("patternProperties", {})) == 1
+            and "additionalProperties" not in prop_schema
+        ):
+            return next(iter(prop_schema["patternProperties"]))
+    raise TypeError("Cannot inferred pattern from type schema") from None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/refs.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/refs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab69aa5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/refs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+)
+
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion, DefaultConversion
+from apischema.conversions.visitor import (
+    ConversionsVisitor,
+    DeserializationVisitor,
+    SerializationVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.json_schema.conversions_resolver import WithConversionsResolver
+from apischema.objects import ObjectField
+from apischema.objects.visitor import (
+    DeserializationObjectVisitor,
+    ObjectVisitor,
+    SerializationObjectVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.type_names import TypeNameFactory, get_type_name
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.utils import is_hashable, replace_builtins
+from apischema.visitor import Unsupported
+
+try:
+    from apischema.typing import Annotated
+except ImportError:
+    Annotated = ...  # type: ignore
+
+Refs = Dict[str, Tuple[AnyType, int]]
+
+
+class Recursive(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+class RefsExtractor(ConversionsVisitor, ObjectVisitor, WithConversionsResolver):
+    def __init__(self, default_conversion: DefaultConversion, refs: Refs):
+        super().__init__(default_conversion)
+        self.refs = refs
+        self._rec_guard: Dict[
+            Tuple[AnyType, Optional[AnyConversion]], int
+        ] = defaultdict(lambda: 0)
+
+    def _incr_ref(self, ref: Optional[str], tp: AnyType) -> bool:
+        if ref is None:
+            return False
+        else:
+            ref_cls, count = self.refs.get(ref, (tp, 0))
+            if replace_builtins(ref_cls) != replace_builtins(tp):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Types {tp} and {self.refs[ref][0]} share same reference '{ref}'"
+                )
+            self.refs[ref] = (ref_cls, count + 1)
+            return count > 0
+
+    def annotated(self, tp: AnyType, annotations: Sequence[Any]):
+        for i, annotation in enumerate(reversed(annotations)):
+            if isinstance(annotation, TypeNameFactory):
+                ref = annotation.to_type_name(tp).json_schema
+                if not isinstance(ref, str):
+                    continue
+                ref_annotations = annotations[: len(annotations) - i]
+                annotated = Annotated[(tp, *ref_annotations)]  # type: ignore
+                if self._incr_ref(ref, annotated):
+                    return
+        return super().annotated(tp, annotations)
+
+    def any(self):
+        pass
+
+    def collection(self, cls: Type[Collection], value_type: AnyType):
+        self.visit(value_type)
+
+    def enum(self, cls: Type[Enum]):
+        pass
+
+    def literal(self, values: Sequence[Any]):
+        pass
+
+    def mapping(self, cls: Type[Mapping], key_type: AnyType, value_type: AnyType):
+        self.visit(key_type)
+        self.visit(value_type)
+
+    def object(self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]):
+        for field in fields:
+            self.visit_with_conv(field.type, self._field_conversion(field))
+
+    def primitive(self, cls: Type):
+        pass
+
+    def tuple(self, types: Sequence[AnyType]):
+        for cls in types:
+            self.visit(cls)
+
+    def _visited_union(self, results: Sequence):
+        pass
+
+    def visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Optional[Any],
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion] = None,
+    ):
+        ref_types = []
+        if not dynamic:
+            for ref_tp in self.resolve_conversion(tp):
+                ref_types.append(ref_tp)
+                if self._incr_ref(get_type_name(ref_tp).json_schema, ref_tp):
+                    return
+        if not is_hashable(tp):
+            return super().visit_conversion(tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion)
+        # 2 because the first type encountered of the recursive cycle can have no ref
+        # (see test_recursive_by_conversion_schema)
+        if self._rec_guard[(tp, self._conversion)] > 2:
+            raise TypeError(f"Recursive type {tp} need a ref")
+        self._rec_guard[(tp, self._conversion)] += 1
+        try:
+            super().visit_conversion(tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion)
+        except Unsupported:
+            for ref_tp in ref_types:
+                self.refs.pop(get_type_name(ref_tp).json_schema, ...)  # type: ignore
+        finally:
+            self._rec_guard[(tp, self._conversion)] -= 1
+
+
+class DeserializationRefsExtractor(
+    RefsExtractor, DeserializationVisitor, DeserializationObjectVisitor
+):
+    pass
+
+
+class SerializationRefsExtractor(
+    RefsExtractor, SerializationVisitor, SerializationObjectVisitor
+):
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/schema.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/schema.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a20ae6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/schema.py
@@ -0,0 +1,737 @@
+from contextlib import suppress
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from itertools import chain
+from typing import (
+    AbstractSet,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    ClassVar,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from apischema.aliases import Aliaser
+from apischema.conversions import converters
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion, DefaultConversion
+from apischema.conversions.visitor import (
+    Conv,
+    ConversionsVisitor,
+    Deserialization,
+    DeserializationVisitor,
+    Serialization,
+    SerializationVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.dependencies import get_dependent_required
+from apischema.json_schema.conversions_resolver import WithConversionsResolver
+from apischema.json_schema.patterns import infer_pattern
+from apischema.json_schema.refs import (
+    DeserializationRefsExtractor,
+    Refs,
+    RefsExtractor as RefsExtractor_,
+    SerializationRefsExtractor,
+)
+from apischema.json_schema.types import JsonSchema, JsonType, json_schema
+from apischema.json_schema.versions import JsonSchemaVersion, RefFactory
+from apischema.metadata.keys import SCHEMA_METADATA
+from apischema.objects import AliasedStr, ObjectField
+from apischema.objects.visitor import (
+    DeserializationObjectVisitor,
+    ObjectVisitor,
+    SerializationObjectVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.ordering import Ordering, sort_by_order
+from apischema.schemas import Schema, get_schema as _get_schema, merge_schema
+from apischema.serialization import serialize
+from apischema.serialization.serialized_methods import (
+    SerializedMethod,
+    get_serialized_methods,
+)
+from apischema.type_names import TypeNameFactory, get_type_name
+from apischema.types import AnyType, OrderedDict, UndefinedType
+from apischema.typing import get_args, is_typed_dict
+from apischema.utils import (
+    context_setter,
+    deprecate_kwargs,
+    get_origin_or_type,
+    is_union_of,
+    literal_values,
+)
+
+
+def get_schema(tp: AnyType) -> Optional[Schema]:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    return merge_schema(settings.base_schema.type(tp), _get_schema(tp))
+
+
+def get_field_schema(tp: AnyType, field: ObjectField) -> Optional[Schema]:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    assert not field.is_aggregate
+    return merge_schema(
+        settings.base_schema.field(tp, field.name, field.alias), field.schema
+    )
+
+
+def get_method_schema(tp: AnyType, method: SerializedMethod) -> Optional[Schema]:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    return merge_schema(
+        settings.base_schema.method(tp, method.func, method.alias), method.schema
+    )
+
+
+def full_schema(base_schema: JsonSchema, schema: Optional[Schema]) -> JsonSchema:
+    if schema is not None:
+        base_schema = JsonSchema(base_schema)
+        schema.merge_into(base_schema)
+    return base_schema
+
+
+Method = TypeVar("Method", bound=Callable)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Property:
+    alias: AliasedStr
+    name: str
+    ordering: Optional[Ordering]
+    required: bool
+    schema: JsonSchema
+
+
+class SchemaBuilder(
+    ConversionsVisitor[Conv, JsonSchema],
+    ObjectVisitor[JsonSchema],
+    WithConversionsResolver,
+):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        additional_properties: bool,
+        default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+        ignore_first_ref: bool,
+        ref_factory: RefFactory,
+        refs: Collection[str],
+    ):
+        super().__init__(default_conversion)
+        self.additional_properties = additional_properties
+        self._ignore_first_ref = ignore_first_ref
+        self.ref_factory = ref_factory
+        self.refs = refs
+
+    def ref_schema(self, ref: Optional[str]) -> Optional[JsonSchema]:
+        if ref not in self.refs:
+            return None
+        elif self._ignore_first_ref:
+            self._ignore_first_ref = False
+            return None
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(ref, str)
+            return JsonSchema({"$ref": self.ref_factory(ref)})
+
+    def annotated(self, tp: AnyType, annotations: Sequence[Any]) -> JsonSchema:
+        schema = None
+        for annotation in reversed(annotations):
+            if isinstance(annotation, TypeNameFactory):
+                ref = annotation.to_type_name(tp).json_schema
+                ref_schema = self.ref_schema(ref)
+                if ref_schema is not None:
+                    return full_schema(ref_schema, schema)
+            if isinstance(annotation, Mapping):
+                schema = merge_schema(annotation.get(SCHEMA_METADATA), schema)
+        return full_schema(super().annotated(tp, annotations), schema)
+
+    def any(self) -> JsonSchema:
+        return JsonSchema()
+
+    def collection(self, cls: Type[Collection], value_type: AnyType) -> JsonSchema:
+        return json_schema(
+            type=JsonType.ARRAY,
+            items=self.visit(value_type),
+            uniqueItems=issubclass(cls, AbstractSet),
+        )
+
+    def enum(self, cls: Type[Enum]) -> JsonSchema:
+        if len(cls) == 0:
+            raise TypeError("Empty enum")
+        return self.literal(list(cls))
+
+    def literal(self, values: Sequence[Any]) -> JsonSchema:
+        if not values:
+            raise TypeError("Empty Literal")
+        types = {JsonType.from_type(type(v)) for v in literal_values(values)}
+        # Mypy issue
+        type_: Any = types.pop() if len(types) == 1 else types
+        if len(values) == 1:
+            return json_schema(type=type_, const=values[0])
+        else:
+            return json_schema(type=type_, enum=values)
+
+    def mapping(
+        self, cls: Type[Mapping], key_type: AnyType, value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> JsonSchema:
+        with context_setter(self):
+            self._ignore_first_ref = True
+            key = self.visit(key_type)
+        if key["type"] != JsonType.STRING:
+            raise ValueError("Mapping types must string-convertible key")
+        value = self.visit(value_type)
+        if "pattern" in key:
+            return json_schema(
+                type=JsonType.OBJECT, patternProperties={key["pattern"]: value}
+            )
+        else:
+            return json_schema(type=JsonType.OBJECT, additionalProperties=value)
+
+    def visit_field(
+        self, tp: AnyType, field: ObjectField, required: bool = True
+    ) -> JsonSchema:
+        assert not field.is_aggregate
+        result = full_schema(
+            self.visit_with_conv(field.type, self._field_conversion(field)),
+            get_field_schema(tp, field) if tp is not None else field.schema,
+        )
+        if not required and "default" not in result:
+            result = JsonSchema(result)
+            with suppress(Exception):
+                result["default"] = serialize(
+                    field.type,
+                    field.get_default(),
+                    fall_back_on_any=False,
+                    check_type=True,
+                    conversion=field.serialization,
+                )
+        return result
+
+    def _object_schema(self, cls: type, field: ObjectField) -> JsonSchema:
+        assert field.is_aggregate
+        with context_setter(self):
+            self._ignore_first_ref = True
+            object_schema = full_schema(
+                self.visit_with_conv(field.type, self._field_conversion(field)),
+                field.schema,
+            )
+        if object_schema.get("type") not in {JsonType.OBJECT, "object"}:
+            field_type = "Flattened" if field.flattened else "Properties"
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"{field_type} field {cls.__name__}.{field.name}"
+                f" must have an object type"
+            )
+        return object_schema
+
+    def _properties_schema(
+        self, object_schema: JsonSchema, pattern: Optional[Pattern] = None
+    ):
+        if "patternProperties" in object_schema:
+            if pattern is not None:
+                for p in (pattern, pattern.pattern):
+                    if p in object_schema["patternProperties"]:
+                        return object_schema["patternProperties"][p]
+            elif (
+                len(object_schema["patternProperties"]) == 1
+                and "additionalProperties" not in object_schema
+            ):
+                return next(iter(object_schema["patternProperties"].values()))
+        if isinstance(object_schema.get("additionalProperties"), Mapping):
+            return object_schema["additionalProperties"]
+        return JsonSchema()
+
+    def properties(
+        self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]
+    ) -> Sequence[Property]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def object(self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]) -> JsonSchema:
+        cls = get_origin_or_type(tp)
+        properties = sort_by_order(
+            cls, self.properties(tp, fields), lambda p: p.name, lambda p: p.ordering
+        )
+        flattened_schemas: List[JsonSchema] = []
+        pattern_properties = {}
+        additional_properties: Union[bool, JsonSchema] = self.additional_properties
+        for field in fields:
+            if field.flattened:
+                self._object_schema(cls, field)  # check the field is an object
+                flattened_schemas.append(
+                    full_schema(
+                        self.visit_with_conv(field.type, self._field_conversion(field)),
+                        field.schema,
+                    )
+                )
+            elif field.pattern_properties is not None:
+                if field.pattern_properties is ...:
+                    pattern = infer_pattern(field.type, self.default_conversion)
+                else:
+                    assert isinstance(field.pattern_properties, Pattern)
+                    pattern = field.pattern_properties
+                pattern_properties[pattern] = self._properties_schema(
+                    self._object_schema(cls, field), pattern
+                )
+            elif field.additional_properties:
+                additional_properties = self._properties_schema(
+                    self._object_schema(cls, field)
+                )
+        alias_by_names = {f.name: f.alias for f in fields}.__getitem__
+        dependent_required = get_dependent_required(cls)
+        result = json_schema(
+            type=JsonType.OBJECT,
+            properties={p.alias: p.schema for p in properties},
+            required=[p.alias for p in properties if p.required],
+            additionalProperties=additional_properties,
+            patternProperties=pattern_properties,
+            dependentRequired=OrderedDict(
+                (alias_by_names(f), sorted(map(alias_by_names, dependent_required[f])))
+                for f in sorted(dependent_required, key=alias_by_names)
+            ),
+        )
+        if flattened_schemas:
+            result = json_schema(
+                type=JsonType.OBJECT,
+                allOf=[result, *flattened_schemas],
+                unevaluatedProperties=False,
+            )
+        return result
+
+    def primitive(self, cls: Type) -> JsonSchema:
+        return JsonSchema(type=JsonType.from_type(cls))
+
+    def tuple(self, types: Sequence[AnyType]) -> JsonSchema:
+        return json_schema(
+            type=JsonType.ARRAY,
+            prefixItems=[self.visit(cls) for cls in types],
+            items=False,
+            minItems=len(types),
+            maxItems=len(types),
+        )
+
+    def _visited_union(self, results: Sequence[JsonSchema]) -> JsonSchema:
+        if len(results) == 1:
+            return results[0]
+        elif any(alt == {} for alt in results):
+            return JsonSchema()
+        elif all(alt.keys() == {"type"} for alt in results):
+            types: Any = chain.from_iterable(
+                [res["type"]]
+                if isinstance(res["type"], (str, JsonType))
+                else res["type"]
+                for res in results
+            )
+            return json_schema(type=list(types))
+        elif (
+            len(results) == 2
+            and all("type" in res for res in results)
+            and {"type": "null"} in results
+        ):
+            for result in results:
+                if result != {"type": "null"}:
+                    types = result["type"]
+                    if isinstance(types, (str, JsonType)):
+                        types = [types]
+                    if "null" not in types:
+                        result = JsonSchema({**result, "type": [*types, "null"]})
+                    return result
+            else:
+                raise NotImplementedError
+        else:
+            return json_schema(anyOf=results)
+
+    def visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Optional[Conv],
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion] = None,
+    ) -> JsonSchema:
+        schema = None
+        if not dynamic:
+            for ref_tp in self.resolve_conversion(tp):
+                ref_schema = self.ref_schema(get_type_name(ref_tp).json_schema)
+                if ref_schema is not None:
+                    return ref_schema
+            if get_args(tp):
+                schema = merge_schema(schema, get_schema(get_origin_or_type(tp)))
+            schema = merge_schema(schema, get_schema(tp))
+        result = super().visit_conversion(tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion)
+        return full_schema(result, schema)
+
+    RefsExtractor: ClassVar[Type[RefsExtractor_]]
+
+
+class DeserializationSchemaBuilder(
+    SchemaBuilder[Deserialization],
+    DeserializationVisitor[JsonSchema],
+    DeserializationObjectVisitor[JsonSchema],
+):
+    RefsExtractor = DeserializationRefsExtractor
+
+    def properties(
+        self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]
+    ) -> Sequence[Property]:
+        return [
+            Property(
+                AliasedStr(field.alias),
+                field.name,
+                field.ordering,
+                field.required,
+                self.visit_field(tp, field, field.required),
+            )
+            for field in fields
+            if not field.is_aggregate
+        ]
+
+
+class SerializationSchemaBuilder(
+    SchemaBuilder[Serialization],
+    SerializationVisitor[JsonSchema],
+    SerializationObjectVisitor[JsonSchema],
+):
+    RefsExtractor = SerializationRefsExtractor
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _field_required(field: ObjectField):
+        from apischema import settings
+
+        return not field.skippable(
+            settings.serialization.exclude_defaults, settings.serialization.exclude_none
+        )
+
+    def properties(
+        self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]
+    ) -> Sequence[Property]:
+        from apischema import settings
+
+        return [
+            Property(
+                AliasedStr(field.alias),
+                field.name,
+                field.ordering,
+                required,
+                self.visit_field(tp, field, required),
+            )
+            for field in fields
+            if not field.is_aggregate
+            for required in [
+                field.required
+                if is_typed_dict(get_origin_or_type(tp))
+                else not field.skippable(
+                    settings.serialization.exclude_defaults,
+                    settings.serialization.exclude_none,
+                )
+            ]
+        ] + [
+            Property(
+                AliasedStr(serialized.alias),
+                serialized.func.__name__,
+                serialized.ordering,
+                not is_union_of(types["return"], UndefinedType),
+                full_schema(
+                    self.visit_with_conv(types["return"], serialized.conversion),
+                    get_method_schema(tp, serialized),
+                ),
+            )
+            for serialized, types in get_serialized_methods(tp)
+        ]
+
+
+TypesWithConversion = Collection[Union[AnyType, Tuple[AnyType, AnyConversion]]]
+
+
+def _default_version(
+    version: Optional[JsonSchemaVersion],
+    ref_factory: Optional[RefFactory],
+    all_refs: Optional[bool],
+) -> Tuple[JsonSchemaVersion, RefFactory, bool]:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    if version is None:
+        version = settings.json_schema_version
+    if ref_factory is None:
+        ref_factory = version.ref_factory
+    if all_refs is None:
+        all_refs = version.all_refs
+    return version, ref_factory, all_refs
+
+
+def _extract_refs(
+    types: TypesWithConversion,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+    builder: Type[SchemaBuilder],
+    all_refs: bool,
+) -> Mapping[str, AnyType]:
+    refs: Refs = {}
+    for tp in types:
+        conversion = None
+        if isinstance(tp, tuple):
+            tp, conversion = tp
+        builder.RefsExtractor(default_conversion, refs).visit_with_conv(tp, conversion)
+    filtr = (lambda count: True) if all_refs else (lambda count: count > 1)
+    return {ref: tp for ref, (tp, count) in refs.items() if filtr(count)}
+
+
+def _refs_schema(
+    builder: Type[SchemaBuilder],
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+    refs: Mapping[str, AnyType],
+    ref_factory: RefFactory,
+    additional_properties: bool,
+) -> Mapping[str, JsonSchema]:
+    return {
+        ref: builder(
+            additional_properties, default_conversion, True, ref_factory, refs
+        ).visit(tp)
+        for ref, tp in refs.items()
+    }
+
+
+def _schema(
+    builder: Type[SchemaBuilder],
+    tp: AnyType,
+    schema: Optional[Schema],
+    conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+    version: Optional[JsonSchemaVersion],
+    aliaser: Optional[Aliaser],
+    ref_factory: Optional[RefFactory],
+    all_refs: Optional[bool],
+    with_schema: bool,
+    additional_properties: Optional[bool],
+) -> Mapping[str, Any]:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    add_defs = ref_factory is None
+    if aliaser is None:
+        aliaser = settings.aliaser
+    if additional_properties is None:
+        additional_properties = settings.additional_properties
+    version, ref_factory, all_refs = _default_version(version, ref_factory, all_refs)
+    refs = _extract_refs([(tp, conversion)], default_conversion, builder, all_refs)
+    json_schema = builder(
+        additional_properties, default_conversion, False, ref_factory, refs
+    ).visit_with_conv(tp, conversion)
+    json_schema = full_schema(json_schema, schema)
+    if add_defs and version.defs:
+        defs = _refs_schema(
+            builder, default_conversion, refs, ref_factory, additional_properties
+        )
+        if defs:
+            json_schema["$defs"] = defs
+    result = serialize(
+        JsonSchema,
+        json_schema,
+        aliaser=aliaser,
+        check_type=True,
+        conversion=version.conversion,
+        default_conversion=converters.default_serialization,
+        fall_back_on_any=True,
+    )
+    if with_schema and version.schema is not None:
+        result["$schema"] = version.schema
+    return result
+
+
+@deprecate_kwargs({"conversions": "conversion"})
+def deserialization_schema(
+    tp: AnyType,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    all_refs: bool = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    ref_factory: RefFactory = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+    version: JsonSchemaVersion = None,
+    with_schema: bool = True,
+) -> Mapping[str, Any]:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    return _schema(
+        DeserializationSchemaBuilder,
+        tp,
+        schema,
+        conversion,
+        default_conversion or settings.deserialization.default_conversion,
+        version,
+        aliaser,
+        ref_factory,
+        all_refs,
+        with_schema,
+        additional_properties,
+    )
+
+
+@deprecate_kwargs({"conversions": "conversion"})
+def serialization_schema(
+    tp: AnyType,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    all_refs: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    ref_factory: RefFactory = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+    version: JsonSchemaVersion = None,
+    with_schema: bool = True,
+) -> Mapping[str, Any]:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    return _schema(
+        SerializationSchemaBuilder,
+        tp,
+        schema,
+        conversion,
+        default_conversion or settings.serialization.default_conversion,
+        version,
+        aliaser,
+        ref_factory,
+        all_refs,
+        with_schema,
+        additional_properties,
+    )
+
+
+def _defs_schema(
+    types: TypesWithConversion,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+    builder: Type[SchemaBuilder],
+    ref_factory: RefFactory,
+    all_refs: bool,
+    additional_properties: bool,
+) -> Mapping[str, JsonSchema]:
+    return _refs_schema(
+        builder,
+        default_conversion,
+        _extract_refs(types, default_conversion, builder, all_refs),
+        ref_factory,
+        additional_properties,
+    )
+
+
+def _set_missing_properties(
+    schema: JsonSchema, properties: Optional[Mapping[str, JsonSchema]], key: str
+) -> JsonSchema:
+    if properties is None:
+        return schema
+    missing = {name: prop for name, prop in properties.items() if prop.get(key, False)}
+    schema.setdefault("properties", {}).update(missing)
+    return schema
+
+
+def compare_schemas(write: Any, read: Any) -> Any:
+    if isinstance(write, Mapping):
+        if not isinstance(read, Mapping):
+            raise ValueError
+        merged: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+        for key in write.keys() | read.keys():
+            if key in write and key in read:
+                if key == "properties":
+                    merged[key] = {}
+                    for prop in write[key].keys() | read[key].keys():
+                        if prop in write[key] and prop in read[key]:
+                            merged[key][prop] = compare_schemas(
+                                write[key][prop], read[key][prop]
+                            )
+                        elif prop in write[key]:
+                            merged[key][prop] = {**write[key][prop], "writeOnly": True}
+                        else:
+                            merged[key][prop] = {**read[key][prop], "readOnly": True}
+                elif key in {
+                    "required",
+                    "dependentRequired",
+                    "additionalProperties",
+                    "patternProperties",
+                }:
+                    merged[key] = write[key]
+                else:
+                    merged[key] = compare_schemas(write[key], read[key])
+            else:
+                merged[key] = write.get(key, read.get(key))
+        return merged
+    elif isinstance(read, Sequence) and not isinstance(read, str):
+        if not isinstance(read, Sequence) or len(write) != len(read):
+            raise ValueError
+        return [compare_schemas(write[i], read[i]) for i in range(len(write))]
+    else:
+        if not write == read:
+            raise ValueError
+        return write
+
+
+def definitions_schema(
+    *,
+    deserialization: TypesWithConversion = (),
+    serialization: TypesWithConversion = (),
+    default_deserialization: DefaultConversion = None,
+    default_serialization: DefaultConversion = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    version: JsonSchemaVersion = None,
+    ref_factory: Optional[RefFactory] = None,
+    all_refs: bool = None,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+) -> Mapping[str, Mapping[str, Any]]:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    if additional_properties is None:
+        additional_properties = settings.additional_properties
+    if aliaser is None:
+        aliaser = settings.aliaser
+    if default_deserialization is None:
+        default_deserialization = settings.deserialization.default_conversion
+    if default_serialization is None:
+        default_serialization = settings.serialization.default_conversion
+    version, ref_factory, all_refs = _default_version(version, ref_factory, all_refs)
+    deserialization_schemas = _defs_schema(
+        deserialization,
+        default_deserialization,
+        DeserializationSchemaBuilder,
+        ref_factory,
+        all_refs,
+        additional_properties,
+    )
+    serialization_schemas = _defs_schema(
+        serialization,
+        default_serialization,
+        SerializationSchemaBuilder,
+        ref_factory,
+        all_refs,
+        additional_properties,
+    )
+    schemas = {}
+    for ref in deserialization_schemas.keys() | serialization_schemas.keys():
+        if ref in deserialization_schemas and ref in serialization_schemas:
+            try:
+                schemas[ref] = compare_schemas(
+                    deserialization_schemas[ref], serialization_schemas[ref]
+                )
+            except ValueError:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    f"Reference {ref} has different schemas"
+                    f" for deserialization and serialization"
+                )
+        else:
+            schemas[ref] = deserialization_schemas.get(
+                ref, serialization_schemas.get(ref)
+            )
+    return {
+        ref: serialize(
+            JsonSchema,
+            schema,
+            aliaser=aliaser,
+            fall_back_on_any=True,
+            check_type=True,
+            conversion=version.conversion,
+            default_conversion=converters.default_serialization,
+        )
+        for ref, schema in schemas.items()
+    }
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/types.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37b7e48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import wraps
+from inspect import signature
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Mapping,
+    Pattern,
+    Sequence,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from apischema.conversions import Conversion, serializer
+from apischema.types import NoneType, Number, Undefined
+from apischema.validation.errors import ValidationError
+
+
+class JsonType(str, Enum):
+    NULL = "null"
+    BOOLEAN = "boolean"
+    STRING = "string"
+    INTEGER = "integer"
+    NUMBER = "number"
+    ARRAY = "array"
+    OBJECT = "object"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_type(cls: Type) -> "JsonType":
+        return TYPE_TO_JSON_TYPE[cls]
+
+
+class JsonTypes(Dict[type, JsonType]):
+    def __missing__(self, key):
+        raise TypeError(f"Invalid JSON type {key}")
+
+
+TYPE_TO_JSON_TYPE = JsonTypes(
+    {
+        NoneType: JsonType.NULL,
+        bool: JsonType.BOOLEAN,
+        str: JsonType.STRING,
+        int: JsonType.INTEGER,
+        float: JsonType.NUMBER,
+        list: JsonType.ARRAY,
+        dict: JsonType.OBJECT,
+    }
+)
+
+
+def bad_type(data: Any, *expected: type) -> ValidationError:
+    msgs = [
+        f"expected type {JsonType.from_type(tp)},"
+        f" found {JsonType.from_type(data.__class__)}"
+        for tp in expected
+    ]
+    return ValidationError(msgs)
+
+
+class JsonSchema(Dict[str, Any]):
+    pass
+
+
+serializer(Conversion(dict, source=JsonSchema))
+
+
+Func = TypeVar("Func", bound=Callable)
+
+
+def json_schema_kwargs(func: Func) -> Func:
+    @wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(**kwargs):
+        type_ = kwargs.get("type")
+        if isinstance(type_, Sequence):
+            if JsonType.INTEGER in type_ and JsonType.NUMBER in type_:
+                kwargs["type"] = [t for t in type_ if t != JsonType.INTEGER]
+        return JsonSchema(
+            (k, v)
+            for k, v in kwargs.items()
+            if k not in _json_schema_params or v != _json_schema_params[k].default
+        )
+
+    _json_schema_params = signature(func).parameters
+    return cast(Func, wrapper)
+
+
+@json_schema_kwargs
+def json_schema(
+    *,
+    additionalProperties: Union[bool, JsonSchema] = JsonSchema(),
+    allOf: Sequence[JsonSchema] = [],
+    anyOf: Sequence[JsonSchema] = [],
+    const: Any = Undefined,
+    default: Any = Undefined,
+    dependentRequired: Mapping[str, Collection[str]] = {},
+    deprecated: bool = False,
+    description: str = None,
+    enum: Sequence[Any] = [],
+    exclusiveMaximum: Number = None,
+    exclusiveMinimum: Number = None,
+    examples: Sequence[Any] = None,
+    format: str = None,
+    items: Union[bool, JsonSchema] = JsonSchema(),
+    maximum: Number = None,
+    minimum: Number = None,
+    maxItems: int = None,
+    minItems: int = None,
+    maxLength: int = None,
+    minLength: int = None,
+    maxProperties: int = None,
+    minProperties: int = None,
+    multipleOf: Number = None,
+    oneOf: Sequence[JsonSchema] = [],
+    pattern: Pattern = None,
+    patternProperties: Mapping[Pattern, JsonSchema] = {},
+    prefixItems: Sequence[JsonSchema] = [],
+    properties: Mapping[str, JsonSchema] = {},
+    readOnly: bool = False,
+    required: Sequence[str] = [],
+    title: str = None,
+    type: Union[JsonType, Sequence[JsonType]] = None,
+    uniqueItems: bool = False,
+    unevaluatedProperties: Union[bool, JsonSchema] = JsonSchema(),
+    writeOnly: bool = False,
+) -> JsonSchema:
+    ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/versions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/versions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cea2378
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/json_schema/versions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Callable, ClassVar, Dict, Optional
+
+from apischema.conversions import Conversion, LazyConversion
+from apischema.json_schema.types import JsonSchema, JsonType
+
+RefFactory = Callable[[str], str]
+
+
+def ref_prefix(prefix: str) -> RefFactory:
+    if not prefix.endswith("/"):
+        prefix += "/"
+    return lambda ref: prefix + ref
+
+
+def isolate_ref(schema: Dict[str, Any]):
+    if "$ref" in schema and len(schema) > 1:
+        schema.setdefault("allOf", []).append({"$ref": schema.pop("$ref")})
+
+
+def to_json_schema_2019_09(schema: JsonSchema) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    result = schema.copy()
+    if "prefixItems" in result:
+        if "items" in result:
+            result["additionalItems"] = result.pop("items")
+        result["items"] = result["prefixItems"]
+    return result
+
+
+def to_json_schema_7(schema: JsonSchema) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    result = to_json_schema_2019_09(schema)
+    isolate_ref(result)
+    if "$defs" in result:
+        result["definitions"] = {**result.pop("$defs"), **result.get("definitions", {})}
+    if "dependentRequired" in result:
+        result["dependencies"] = {
+            **result.pop("dependentRequired"),
+            **result.get("dependencies", {}),
+        }
+    return result
+
+
+OPEN_API_3_0_UNSUPPORTED = [
+    "dependentRequired",
+    "unevaluatedProperties",
+    "additionalItems",
+]
+
+
+def to_open_api_3_0(schema: JsonSchema) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    result = to_json_schema_2019_09(schema)
+    for key in OPEN_API_3_0_UNSUPPORTED:
+        result.pop(key, ...)
+    isolate_ref(result)
+    if {"type": "null"} in result.get("anyOf", ()):
+        result.setdefault("nullable", True)
+        result["anyOf"] = [a for a in result["anyOf"] if a != {"type": "null"}]
+    if "type" in result and not isinstance(result["type"], (str, JsonType)):
+        if "null" in result["type"]:
+            result.setdefault("nullable", True)
+        result["type"] = [t for t in result["type"] if t != "null"]
+        if len(result["type"]) > 1:
+            result.setdefault("anyOf", []).extend(
+                {"type": t} for t in result.pop("type")
+            )
+        else:
+            result["type"] = result["type"][0]
+    if "examples" in result:
+        result.setdefault("example", result.pop("examples")[0])
+    if "const" in result:
+        result.setdefault("enum", [result.pop("const")])
+    return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class JsonSchemaVersion:
+    schema: Optional[str] = None
+    ref_prefix: str = ""
+    serialization: Optional[Callable] = None
+    all_refs: bool = True
+    defs: bool = True
+
+    @property
+    def conversion(self) -> Optional[Conversion]:
+        if self.serialization:
+            # Recursive conversion pattern
+            tmp = None
+            conversion = Conversion(
+                self.serialization, sub_conversion=LazyConversion(lambda: tmp)
+            )
+            tmp = conversion
+            return conversion
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def ref_factory(self) -> RefFactory:
+        return ref_prefix(self.ref_prefix)
+
+    DRAFT_2020_12: ClassVar["JsonSchemaVersion"]
+    DRAFT_2019_09: ClassVar["JsonSchemaVersion"]
+    DRAFT_7: ClassVar["JsonSchemaVersion"]
+    OPEN_API_3_0: ClassVar["JsonSchemaVersion"]
+    OPEN_API_3_1: ClassVar["JsonSchemaVersion"]
+
+
+JsonSchemaVersion.DRAFT_2020_12 = JsonSchemaVersion(
+    "http://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema#", "#/$defs/", None, False, True
+)
+JsonSchemaVersion.DRAFT_2019_09 = JsonSchemaVersion(
+    "http://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema#",
+    "#/$defs/",
+    to_json_schema_2019_09,
+    False,
+    True,
+)
+JsonSchemaVersion.DRAFT_7 = JsonSchemaVersion(
+    "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "#/definitions/",
+    to_json_schema_7,
+    False,
+    True,
+)
+JsonSchemaVersion.OPEN_API_3_0 = JsonSchemaVersion(
+    None, "#/components/schemas/", to_open_api_3_0, True, False
+)
+JsonSchemaVersion.OPEN_API_3_1 = JsonSchemaVersion(
+    None, "#/components/schemas/", None, True, False
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/metadata/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/metadata/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9418c19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/metadata/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "alias",
+    "conversion",
+    "default_as_set",
+    "fall_back_on_default",
+    "flatten",
+    "init_var",
+    "none_as_undefined",
+    "order",
+    "post_init",
+    "properties",
+    "required",
+    "schema",
+    "skip",
+    "validators",
+]
+
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+from apischema.aliases import alias
+from apischema.ordering import order
+from apischema.schemas import schema
+from .implem import (
+    conversion,
+    default_as_set,
+    fall_back_on_default,
+    flatten,
+    init_var,
+    none_as_undefined,
+    post_init,
+    properties,
+    required,
+    skip,
+    validators,
+)
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):
+
+    def __getattr__(name):
+        for deprecated in ("merged", "flattened"):
+            if name == deprecated:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f"apischema.metadata.{deprecated} is deprecated, "
+                    "use apischema.metadata.flatten instead",
+                    DeprecationWarning,
+                )
+                return flatten
+            raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__} has no attribute {name}")
+
+else:
+    from .implem import flattened, merged  # noqa: F401
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/metadata/implem.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/metadata/implem.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5629289
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/metadata/implem.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+import re
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Pattern, TYPE_CHECKING, Tuple, Union
+
+from apischema.metadata.keys import (
+    CONVERSION_METADATA,
+    DEFAULT_AS_SET_METADATA,
+    FALL_BACK_ON_DEFAULT_METADATA,
+    FLATTEN_METADATA,
+    INIT_VAR_METADATA,
+    NONE_AS_UNDEFINED_METADATA,
+    POST_INIT_METADATA,
+    PROPERTIES_METADATA,
+    REQUIRED_METADATA,
+    SKIP_METADATA,
+    VALIDATORS_METADATA,
+)
+from apischema.types import AnyType, Metadata, MetadataImplem, MetadataMixin
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion
+    from apischema.validation.validators import Validator
+
+
+def simple_metadata(key: str) -> Metadata:
+    return MetadataImplem({key: ...})
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ConversionMetadata(MetadataMixin):
+    key = CONVERSION_METADATA
+    deserialization: Optional["AnyConversion"] = None
+    serialization: Optional["AnyConversion"] = None
+
+
+conversion = ConversionMetadata
+
+default_as_set = simple_metadata(DEFAULT_AS_SET_METADATA)
+
+fall_back_on_default = simple_metadata(FALL_BACK_ON_DEFAULT_METADATA)
+
+flatten = simple_metadata(FLATTEN_METADATA)
+flattened = flatten
+merged = flatten
+
+
+def init_var(tp: AnyType) -> Metadata:
+    return MetadataImplem({INIT_VAR_METADATA: tp})
+
+
+none_as_undefined = simple_metadata(NONE_AS_UNDEFINED_METADATA)
+
+post_init = simple_metadata(POST_INIT_METADATA)
+
+
+class PropertiesMetadata(dict, Metadata):  # type: ignore
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__({PROPERTIES_METADATA: None})
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, pattern: Union[str, Pattern, "ellipsis"]  # noqa: F821
+    ) -> Metadata:
+        if pattern is not ...:
+            pattern = re.compile(pattern)
+        return MetadataImplem({PROPERTIES_METADATA: pattern})
+
+
+properties = PropertiesMetadata()
+
+required = simple_metadata(REQUIRED_METADATA)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class SkipMetadata(MetadataMixin):
+    key = SKIP_METADATA
+    deserialization: bool = False
+    serialization: bool = False
+    serialization_default: bool = False
+    serialization_if: Optional[Callable[[Any], Any]] = None
+
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        deserialization: bool = False,
+        serialization: bool = False,
+        serialization_default: bool = False,
+        serialization_if: Optional[Callable[[Any], Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "SkipMetadata":
+        return SkipMetadata(
+            deserialization, serialization, serialization_default, serialization_if
+        )
+
+
+skip = SkipMetadata(deserialization=True, serialization=True)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ValidatorsMetadata(MetadataMixin):
+    key = VALIDATORS_METADATA
+    validators: Tuple["Validator", ...]
+
+
+def validators(*validator: Callable) -> ValidatorsMetadata:
+    from apischema.validation.validators import Validator
+
+    return ValidatorsMetadata(tuple(map(Validator, validator)))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/metadata/keys.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/metadata/keys.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de3d924
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/metadata/keys.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from apischema.utils import PREFIX
+
+ALIAS_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}alias"
+ALIAS_NO_OVERRIDE_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}alias_no_override"
+CONVERSION_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}conversion"
+DEFAULT_AS_SET_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}default_as_set"
+FALL_BACK_ON_DEFAULT_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}fall_back_on_default"
+FLATTEN_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}flattened"
+INIT_VAR_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}init_var"
+NONE_AS_UNDEFINED_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}none_as_undefined"
+ORDERING_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}ordering"
+POST_INIT_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}post_init"
+PROPERTIES_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}properties"
+REQUIRED_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}required"
+SCHEMA_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}schema"
+SKIP_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}skip"
+VALIDATORS_METADATA = f"{PREFIX}validators"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/methods.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/methods.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0dc03a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/methods.py
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+import inspect
+from functools import wraps
+from inspect import signature
+from types import FunctionType
+from typing import Callable, Generic, Optional, Type, Union, cast
+
+from apischema.typing import get_type_hints
+from apischema.utils import PREFIX, T, get_origin_or_type2
+
+MethodOrProperty = Union[Callable, property]
+
+
+def _method_location(method: MethodOrProperty) -> Optional[Type]:
+    if isinstance(method, property):
+        assert method.fget is not None
+        method = method.fget
+    while hasattr(method, "__wrapped__"):
+        method = method.__wrapped__  # type: ignore
+    assert isinstance(method, FunctionType)
+    global_name, *class_path = method.__qualname__.split(".")[:-1]
+    if global_name not in method.__globals__:
+        return None
+    location = method.__globals__[global_name]
+    for attr in class_path:
+        if hasattr(location, attr):
+            location = getattr(location, attr)
+        else:
+            break
+    return location
+
+
+def is_method(method: MethodOrProperty) -> bool:
+    """Return if the function is method/property declared in a class"""
+    return (
+        isinstance(method, property)
+        and method.fget is not None
+        and is_method(method.fget)
+    ) or (
+        isinstance(method, FunctionType)
+        and method.__name__ != method.__qualname__
+        and isinstance(_method_location(method), (type, type(None)))
+        and next(iter(inspect.signature(method).parameters), None) == "self"
+    )
+
+
+def method_class(method: MethodOrProperty) -> Optional[Type]:
+    cls = _method_location(method)
+    return cls if isinstance(cls, type) else None
+
+
+METHOD_WRAPPER_ATTR = f"{PREFIX}method_wrapper"
+
+
+def method_wrapper(method: MethodOrProperty, name: str = None) -> Callable:
+    if isinstance(method, property):
+        assert method.fget is not None
+        name = name or method.fget.__name__
+
+        @wraps(method.fget)
+        def wrapper(self):
+            return getattr(self, name)
+
+    else:
+        if hasattr(method, METHOD_WRAPPER_ATTR):
+            return method
+        name = name or method.__name__
+
+        if list(signature(method).parameters) == ["self"]:
+
+            @wraps(method)
+            def wrapper(self):
+                return getattr(self, name)()
+
+        else:
+
+            @wraps(method)
+            def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                return getattr(self, name)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    setattr(wrapper, METHOD_WRAPPER_ATTR, True)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class MethodWrapper(Generic[T]):
+    def __init__(self, method: T):
+        self._method = method
+
+    def getter(self, func):
+        self._method = self._method.getter(func)
+        return self
+
+    def setter(self, func):
+        self._method = self._method.setter(func)
+        return self
+
+    def deleter(self, func):
+        self._method = self._method.deleter(func)
+        return self
+
+    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
+        setattr(owner, name, self._method)
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        raise RuntimeError("Method __set_name__ has not been called")
+
+
+def method_registerer(
+    arg: Optional[Callable],
+    owner: Optional[Type],
+    register: Callable[[Callable, Type, str], None],
+):
+    def decorator(method: MethodOrProperty):
+        if owner is None and is_method(method) and method_class(method) is None:
+
+            class Descriptor(MethodWrapper[MethodOrProperty]):
+                def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
+                    super().__set_name__(owner, name)
+                    register(method_wrapper(method), owner, name)
+
+            return Descriptor(method)
+        else:
+            owner2 = owner
+            if is_method(method):
+                if owner2 is None:
+                    owner2 = method_class(method)
+                method = method_wrapper(method)
+            if owner2 is None:
+                try:
+                    hints = get_type_hints(method)
+                    owner2 = get_origin_or_type2(hints[next(iter(hints))])
+                except (KeyError, StopIteration):
+                    raise TypeError("First parameter of method must be typed") from None
+            assert not isinstance(method, property)
+            register(cast(Callable, method), owner2, method.__name__)
+            return method
+
+    return decorator if arg is None else decorator(arg)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f26af87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "AliasedStr",
+    "ObjectField",
+    "get_alias",
+    "get_field",
+    "object_deserialization",
+    "object_fields",
+    "object_serialization",
+    "set_object_fields",
+]
+from .conversions import object_deserialization, object_serialization
+from .fields import ObjectField, set_object_fields
+from .getters import AliasedStr, get_alias, get_field, object_fields
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/conversions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/conversions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d042d1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/conversions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+import inspect
+from dataclasses import Field, replace
+from types import new_class
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Generic,
+    Iterable,
+    Mapping,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from apischema.methods import is_method, method_wrapper
+from apischema.objects.fields import MISSING_DEFAULT, ObjectField, set_object_fields
+from apischema.objects.getters import object_fields, parameters_as_fields
+from apischema.type_names import type_name
+from apischema.types import OrderedDict
+from apischema.typing import get_type_hints
+from apischema.utils import (
+    empty_dict,
+    substitute_type_vars,
+    subtyping_substitution,
+    to_pascal_case,
+    with_parameters,
+)
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+def object_deserialization(
+    func: Callable[..., T],
+    *input_class_modifiers: Callable[[type], Any],
+    parameters_metadata: Mapping[str, Mapping] = None,
+) -> Any:
+    fields = parameters_as_fields(func, parameters_metadata)
+    types = get_type_hints(func, include_extras=True)
+    if "return" not in types:
+        raise TypeError("Object deserialization must be typed")
+    return_type = types["return"]
+    bases = ()
+    if getattr(return_type, "__parameters__", ()):
+        bases = (Generic[return_type.__parameters__],)  # type: ignore
+    elif func.__name__ != "<lambda>":
+        input_class_modifiers = (
+            type_name(to_pascal_case(func.__name__)),
+            *input_class_modifiers,
+        )
+
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
+
+    input_cls = new_class(
+        to_pascal_case(func.__name__),
+        bases,
+        exec_body=lambda ns: ns.update({"__init__": __init__}),
+    )
+    for modifier in input_class_modifiers:
+        modifier(input_cls)
+    set_object_fields(input_cls, fields)
+    if any(f.additional_properties for f in fields):
+        kwargs_param = next(f.name for f in fields if f.additional_properties)
+
+        def wrapper(input):
+            kwargs = input.kwargs.copy()
+            kwargs.update(kwargs.pop(kwargs_param))
+            return func(**kwargs)
+
+    else:
+
+        def wrapper(input):
+            return func(**input.kwargs)
+
+    wrapper.__annotations__["input"] = with_parameters(input_cls)
+    wrapper.__annotations__["return"] = return_type
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def _fields_and_init(
+    cls: type, fields_and_methods: Union[Iterable[Any], Callable[[], Iterable[Any]]]
+) -> Tuple[Sequence[ObjectField], Callable[[Any, Any], None]]:
+    fields = object_fields(cls, serialization=True)
+    output_fields: Dict[str, ObjectField] = OrderedDict()
+    methods = []
+    if callable(fields_and_methods):
+        fields_and_methods = fields_and_methods()
+    for elt in fields_and_methods:
+        if elt is ...:
+            output_fields.update(fields)
+            continue
+        if isinstance(elt, tuple):
+            elt, metadata = elt
+        else:
+            metadata = empty_dict
+        if not isinstance(metadata, Mapping):
+            raise TypeError(f"Invalid metadata {metadata}")
+        if isinstance(elt, Field):
+            elt = elt.name
+        if isinstance(elt, str) and elt in fields:
+            elt = fields[elt]
+        if is_method(elt):
+            elt = method_wrapper(elt)
+        if isinstance(elt, ObjectField):
+            if metadata:
+                output_fields[elt.name] = replace(
+                    elt, metadata={**elt.metadata, **metadata}, default=MISSING_DEFAULT
+                )
+            else:
+                output_fields[elt.name] = elt
+            continue
+        elif callable(elt):
+            types = get_type_hints(elt)
+            first_param = next(iter(inspect.signature(elt).parameters))
+            substitution, _ = subtyping_substitution(types.get(first_param, cls), cls)
+            ret = substitute_type_vars(types.get("return", Any), substitution)
+            output_fields[elt.__name__] = ObjectField(
+                elt.__name__, ret, metadata=metadata
+            )
+            methods.append((elt, output_fields[elt.__name__]))
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f"Invalid serialization member {elt} for class {cls}")
+
+    serialized_methods = [m for m, f in methods if output_fields[f.name] is f]
+    serialized_fields = list(
+        output_fields.keys() - {m.__name__ for m in serialized_methods}
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, obj):
+        for field in serialized_fields:
+            setattr(self, field, getattr(obj, field))
+        for method in serialized_methods:
+            setattr(self, method.__name__, method(obj))
+
+    return tuple(output_fields.values()), __init__
+
+
+def object_serialization(
+    cls: Type[T],
+    fields_and_methods: Union[Iterable[Any], Callable[[], Iterable[Any]]],
+    *output_class_modifiers: Callable[[type], Any],
+) -> Callable[[T], Any]:
+
+    generic, bases = cls, ()
+    if getattr(cls, "__parameters__", ()):
+        generic = cls[cls.__parameters__]  # type: ignore
+        bases = Generic[cls.__parameters__]  # type: ignore
+    elif (
+        callable(fields_and_methods)
+        and fields_and_methods.__name__ != "<lambda>"
+        and not getattr(cls, "__parameters__", ())
+    ):
+        output_class_modifiers = (
+            type_name(to_pascal_case(fields_and_methods.__name__)),
+            *output_class_modifiers,
+        )
+
+    def __init__(self, obj):
+        _, new_init = _fields_and_init(cls, fields_and_methods)
+        new_init.__annotations__ = {"obj": generic}
+        output_cls.__init__ = new_init
+        new_init(self, obj)
+
+    __init__.__annotations__ = {"obj": generic}
+    output_cls = new_class(
+        f"{cls.__name__}Serialization",
+        bases,
+        exec_body=lambda ns: ns.update({"__init__": __init__}),
+    )
+    for modifier in output_class_modifiers:
+        modifier(output_cls)
+    set_object_fields(output_cls, lambda: _fields_and_init(cls, fields_and_methods)[0])
+
+    return output_cls
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/fields.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/fields.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9b5d9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/fields.py
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+from dataclasses import Field, InitVar, MISSING, dataclass, field
+from enum import Enum, auto
+from types import FunctionType
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Iterable,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    NoReturn,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Sequence,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from apischema.cache import CacheAwareDict
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion
+from apischema.metadata.implem import (
+    ConversionMetadata,
+    SkipMetadata,
+    ValidatorsMetadata,
+)
+from apischema.metadata.keys import (
+    ALIAS_METADATA,
+    ALIAS_NO_OVERRIDE_METADATA,
+    CONVERSION_METADATA,
+    DEFAULT_AS_SET_METADATA,
+    FALL_BACK_ON_DEFAULT_METADATA,
+    FLATTEN_METADATA,
+    NONE_AS_UNDEFINED_METADATA,
+    ORDERING_METADATA,
+    POST_INIT_METADATA,
+    PROPERTIES_METADATA,
+    REQUIRED_METADATA,
+    SCHEMA_METADATA,
+    SKIP_METADATA,
+    VALIDATORS_METADATA,
+)
+from apischema.types import AnyType, ChainMap, NoneType, UndefinedType
+from apischema.typing import get_args, is_annotated
+from apischema.utils import (
+    LazyValue,
+    empty_dict,
+    get_args2,
+    is_union_of,
+    keep_annotations,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from apischema.ordering import Ordering
+    from apischema.schemas import Schema
+    from apischema.validation.validators import Validator
+
+
+class FieldKind(Enum):
+    NORMAL = auto()
+    READ_ONLY = auto()
+    WRITE_ONLY = auto()
+
+
+# Cannot reuse MISSING for dataclass field because it would be interpreted as no default
+MISSING_DEFAULT = object()
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ObjectField:
+    name: str
+    type: AnyType
+    required: bool = True
+    metadata: Mapping[str, Any] = field(default_factory=lambda: empty_dict)
+    default: InitVar[Any] = MISSING_DEFAULT
+    default_factory: Optional[Callable[[], Any]] = None
+    kind: FieldKind = FieldKind.NORMAL
+
+    def __post_init__(self, default: Any):
+        if REQUIRED_METADATA in self.full_metadata:
+            object.__setattr__(self, "required", True)
+        if self.default_factory is MISSING:
+            object.__setattr__(self, "default_factory", None)
+        if not self.required and self.default_factory is None:
+            if default is MISSING_DEFAULT:
+                raise ValueError("Missing default for non-required ObjectField")
+            object.__setattr__(self, "default_factory", LazyValue(default))
+        if self.none_as_undefined and is_union_of(self.type, NoneType):
+            new_type = Union[tuple(a for a in get_args2(self.type) if a != NoneType)]  # type: ignore
+            object.__setattr__(self, "type", keep_annotations(new_type, self.type))
+
+    @property
+    def full_metadata(self) -> Mapping[str, Any]:
+        if not is_annotated(self.type):
+            return self.metadata
+        return ChainMap(
+            self.metadata,
+            *(
+                arg
+                for arg in reversed(get_args(self.type)[1:])
+                if isinstance(arg, Mapping)
+            ),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def additional_properties(self) -> bool:
+        return self.full_metadata.get(PROPERTIES_METADATA, ...) is None
+
+    @property
+    def alias(self) -> str:
+        return self.full_metadata.get(ALIAS_METADATA, self.name)
+
+    @property
+    def override_alias(self) -> bool:
+        return ALIAS_NO_OVERRIDE_METADATA not in self.full_metadata
+
+    @property
+    def _conversion(self) -> Optional[ConversionMetadata]:
+        return self.metadata.get(CONVERSION_METADATA)
+
+    @property
+    def default_as_set(self) -> bool:
+        return DEFAULT_AS_SET_METADATA in self.full_metadata
+
+    @property
+    def deserialization(self) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+        conversion = self._conversion
+        return conversion.deserialization if conversion is not None else None
+
+    @property
+    def fall_back_on_default(self) -> bool:
+        return (
+            FALL_BACK_ON_DEFAULT_METADATA in self.full_metadata
+            and self.default_factory is not None
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def flattened(self) -> bool:
+        return FLATTEN_METADATA in self.full_metadata
+
+    def get_default(self) -> Any:
+        if self.required:
+            raise RuntimeError("Field is required")
+        assert self.default_factory is not None
+        return self.default_factory()  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def is_aggregate(self) -> bool:
+        return (
+            self.flattened
+            or self.additional_properties
+            or self.pattern_properties is not None
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def none_as_undefined(self):
+        return NONE_AS_UNDEFINED_METADATA in self.full_metadata
+
+    @property
+    def ordering(self) -> Optional["Ordering"]:
+        return self.full_metadata.get(ORDERING_METADATA)
+
+    @property
+    def post_init(self) -> bool:
+        return POST_INIT_METADATA in self.full_metadata
+
+    @property
+    def pattern_properties(self) -> Union[Pattern, "ellipsis", None]:  # noqa: F821
+        return self.full_metadata.get(PROPERTIES_METADATA)
+
+    @property
+    def schema(self) -> Optional["Schema"]:
+        return self.metadata.get(SCHEMA_METADATA)
+
+    @property
+    def serialization(self) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+        conversion = self._conversion
+        return conversion.serialization if conversion is not None else None
+
+    @property
+    def skip(self) -> SkipMetadata:
+        return self.metadata.get(SKIP_METADATA, SkipMetadata())
+
+    def skippable(self, default: bool, none: bool) -> bool:
+        return bool(
+            self.skip.serialization_if
+            or is_union_of(self.type, UndefinedType)
+            or (
+                self.default_factory is not None
+                and (self.skip.serialization_default or default)
+            )
+            or self.none_as_undefined
+            or (none and is_union_of(self.type, NoneType))
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def undefined(self) -> bool:
+        return is_union_of(self.type, UndefinedType)
+
+    @property
+    def validators(self) -> Sequence["Validator"]:
+        if VALIDATORS_METADATA in self.metadata:
+            return cast(
+                ValidatorsMetadata, self.metadata[VALIDATORS_METADATA]
+            ).validators
+        else:
+            return ()
+
+
+FieldOrName = Union[str, ObjectField, Field]
+
+
+def _bad_field(obj: Any, methods: bool) -> NoReturn:
+    method_types = "property/types.FunctionType" if methods else ""
+    raise TypeError(
+        f"Expected dataclasses.Field/apischema.ObjectField/str{method_types}, found {obj}"
+    )
+
+
+def check_field_or_name(field_or_name: Any, *, methods: bool = False):
+    method_types = (property, FunctionType) if methods else ()
+    if not isinstance(field_or_name, (str, ObjectField, Field, *method_types)):
+        _bad_field(field_or_name, methods)
+
+
+def get_field_name(field_or_name: Any, *, methods: bool = False) -> str:
+    if isinstance(field_or_name, (Field, ObjectField)):
+        return field_or_name.name
+    elif isinstance(field_or_name, str):
+        return field_or_name
+    elif (
+        methods
+        and isinstance(field_or_name, property)
+        and field_or_name.fget is not None
+    ):
+        return field_or_name.fget.__name__
+    elif methods and isinstance(field_or_name, FunctionType):
+        return field_or_name.__name__
+    else:
+        _bad_field(field_or_name, methods)
+
+
+_class_fields: MutableMapping[
+    type, Callable[[], Sequence[ObjectField]]
+] = CacheAwareDict({})
+
+
+def set_object_fields(
+    cls: type,
+    fields: Union[Iterable[ObjectField], Callable[[], Sequence[ObjectField]], None],
+):
+    if fields is None:
+        _class_fields.pop(cls, ...)
+    elif callable(fields):
+        _class_fields[cls] = fields
+    else:
+        _class_fields[cls] = lambda fields=tuple(fields): fields  # type: ignore
+
+
+def default_object_fields(cls: type) -> Optional[Sequence[ObjectField]]:
+    return _class_fields[cls]() if cls in _class_fields else None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/getters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/getters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82ab8d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/getters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import inspect
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.cache import cache
+from apischema.metadata import properties
+from apischema.objects.fields import ObjectField
+from apischema.objects.visitor import ObjectVisitor
+from apischema.types import AnyType, OrderedDict
+from apischema.typing import _GenericAlias, get_type_hints
+from apischema.utils import empty_dict
+from apischema.visitor import Unsupported
+
+
+@cache
+def object_fields(
+    tp: AnyType,
+    deserialization: bool = False,
+    serialization: bool = False,
+    default: Optional[
+        Callable[[type], Optional[Sequence[ObjectField]]]
+    ] = ObjectVisitor._default_fields,
+) -> Mapping[str, ObjectField]:
+    class GetFields(ObjectVisitor[Sequence[ObjectField]]):
+        def _skip_field(self, field: ObjectField) -> bool:
+            return (field.skip.deserialization and serialization) or (
+                field.skip.serialization and deserialization
+            )
+
+        @staticmethod
+        def _default_fields(cls: type) -> Optional[Sequence[ObjectField]]:
+            return None if default is None else default(cls)
+
+        def object(
+            self, cls: Type, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]
+        ) -> Sequence[ObjectField]:
+            return fields
+
+    try:
+        return OrderedDict((f.name, f) for f in GetFields().visit(tp))
+    except (Unsupported, NotImplementedError):
+        raise TypeError(f"{tp} doesn't have fields")
+
+
+def object_fields2(obj: Any) -> Mapping[str, ObjectField]:
+    return object_fields(
+        obj if isinstance(obj, (type, _GenericAlias)) else obj.__class__
+    )
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+class FieldGetter:
+    def __init__(self, obj: Any):
+        self.fields = object_fields2(obj)
+
+    def __getattribute__(self, name: str) -> ObjectField:
+        try:
+            return object.__getattribute__(self, "fields")[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name)
+
+
+@overload
+def get_field(obj: Type[T]) -> T:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def get_field(obj: T) -> T:
+    ...
+
+
+# Overload because of Mypy issue
+# https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/9003#issuecomment-667418520
+def get_field(obj: Union[Type[T], T]) -> T:
+    return cast(T, FieldGetter(obj))
+
+
+class AliasedStr(str):
+    pass
+
+
+class AliasGetter:
+    def __init__(self, obj: Any):
+        self.fields = object_fields2(obj)
+
+    def __getattribute__(self, name: str) -> str:
+        try:
+            return AliasedStr(object.__getattribute__(self, "fields")[name].alias)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name)
+
+
+@overload
+def get_alias(obj: Type[T]) -> T:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def get_alias(obj: T) -> T:
+    ...
+
+
+def get_alias(obj: Union[Type[T], T]) -> T:
+    return cast(T, AliasGetter(obj))
+
+
+def parameters_as_fields(
+    func: Callable, parameters_metadata: Mapping[str, Mapping] = None
+) -> Sequence[ObjectField]:
+    parameters_metadata = parameters_metadata or {}
+    types = get_type_hints(func, include_extras=True)
+    fields = []
+    for param_name, param in inspect.signature(func).parameters.items():
+        if param.kind is inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY:
+            raise TypeError("Positional only parameters are not supported")
+        param_type = types.get(param_name, Any)
+        if param.kind in {
+            inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD,
+            inspect.Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY,
+        }:
+            field = ObjectField(
+                param_name,
+                param_type,
+                param.default is inspect.Parameter.empty,
+                parameters_metadata.get(param_name, empty_dict),
+                default=param.default,
+            )
+            fields.append(field)
+        elif param.kind == inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD:
+            field = ObjectField(
+                param_name,
+                Mapping[str, param_type],  # type: ignore
+                False,
+                properties | parameters_metadata.get(param_name, empty_dict),
+                default_factory=dict,
+            )
+            fields.append(field)
+    return fields
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/visitor.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/visitor.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9573564
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/objects/visitor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+from dataclasses import Field, MISSING
+from typing import Any, Collection, Mapping, Optional, Sequence
+
+from apischema.aliases import Aliaser, get_class_aliaser
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion
+from apischema.dataclasses import replace
+from apischema.metadata.keys import ALIAS_METADATA
+from apischema.objects.fields import FieldKind, MISSING_DEFAULT, ObjectField
+from apischema.types import AnyType, Undefined
+from apischema.typing import get_args
+from apischema.utils import get_origin_or_type, get_parameters, substitute_type_vars
+from apischema.visitor import Result, Visitor
+
+
+def object_field_from_field(
+    field: Field, field_type: AnyType, init_var: bool
+) -> ObjectField:
+    required = field.default is MISSING and field.default_factory is MISSING  # type: ignore
+    if init_var:
+        kind = FieldKind.WRITE_ONLY
+    elif not field.init:
+        kind = FieldKind.READ_ONLY
+    else:
+        kind = FieldKind.NORMAL
+    return ObjectField(
+        field.name,
+        field_type,
+        required,
+        field.metadata,
+        default=field.default,
+        default_factory=field.default_factory,  # type: ignore
+        kind=kind,
+    )
+
+
+def _override_alias(field: ObjectField, aliaser: Aliaser) -> ObjectField:
+    if field.override_alias:
+        return replace(
+            field,
+            metadata={**field.metadata, ALIAS_METADATA: aliaser(field.alias)},
+            default=MISSING_DEFAULT,
+        )
+    else:
+        return field
+
+
+class ObjectVisitor(Visitor[Result]):
+    _field_kind_filtered: Optional[FieldKind] = None
+
+    def _field_conversion(self, field: ObjectField) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _skip_field(self, field: ObjectField) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _default_fields(cls: type) -> Optional[Sequence[ObjectField]]:
+        from apischema import settings
+
+        return settings.default_object_fields(cls)
+
+    def _override_fields(
+        self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]
+    ) -> Sequence[ObjectField]:
+
+        origin = get_origin_or_type(tp)
+        if isinstance(origin, type):
+            default_fields = self._default_fields(origin)
+            if default_fields is not None:
+                if get_args(tp):
+                    sub = dict(zip(get_parameters(origin), get_args(tp)))
+                    default_fields = [
+                        replace(f, type=substitute_type_vars(f.type, sub))
+                        for f in default_fields
+                    ]
+                return default_fields
+        return fields
+
+    def _object(self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]) -> Result:
+        fields = [f for f in fields if not self._skip_field(f)]
+        aliaser = get_class_aliaser(get_origin_or_type(tp))
+        if aliaser is not None:
+            fields = [_override_alias(f, aliaser) for f in fields]
+        return self.object(tp, fields)
+
+    def dataclass(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        types: Mapping[str, AnyType],
+        fields: Sequence[Field],
+        init_vars: Sequence[Field],
+    ) -> Result:
+        by_name = {
+            f.name: object_field_from_field(f, types[f.name], init_var)
+            for field_group, init_var in [(fields, False), (init_vars, True)]
+            for f in field_group
+        }
+        object_fields = [
+            by_name[name]
+            for name in types
+            if name in by_name and by_name[name].kind != self._field_kind_filtered
+        ]
+        return self._object(tp, self._override_fields(tp, object_fields))
+
+    def object(self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def named_tuple(
+        self, tp: AnyType, types: Mapping[str, AnyType], defaults: Mapping[str, Any]
+    ) -> Result:
+        fields = [
+            ObjectField(name, type_, name not in defaults, default=defaults.get(name))
+            for name, type_ in types.items()
+        ]
+        return self._object(tp, self._override_fields(tp, fields))
+
+    def typed_dict(
+        self, tp: AnyType, types: Mapping[str, AnyType], required_keys: Collection[str]
+    ) -> Result:
+        fields = [
+            ObjectField(name, type_, name in required_keys, default=Undefined)
+            for name, type_ in types.items()
+        ]
+        return self._object(tp, self._override_fields(tp, fields))
+
+    def unsupported(self, tp: AnyType) -> Result:
+        dummy: list = []
+        fields = self._override_fields(tp, dummy)
+        return super().unsupported(tp) if fields is dummy else self._object(tp, fields)
+
+
+class DeserializationObjectVisitor(ObjectVisitor[Result]):
+    _field_kind_filtered = FieldKind.READ_ONLY
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _field_conversion(field: ObjectField) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+        return field.deserialization
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _skip_field(field: ObjectField) -> bool:
+        return field.skip.deserialization
+
+
+class SerializationObjectVisitor(ObjectVisitor[Result]):
+    _field_kind_filtered = FieldKind.WRITE_ONLY
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _field_conversion(field: ObjectField) -> Optional[AnyConversion]:
+        return field.serialization
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _skip_field(field: ObjectField) -> bool:
+        return field.skip.serialization
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/ordering.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/ordering.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..850bbd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/ordering.py
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    TypeVar,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.cache import CacheAwareDict
+from apischema.metadata.keys import ORDERING_METADATA
+from apischema.types import MetadataMixin
+from apischema.utils import stop_signature_abuse
+
+Cls = TypeVar("Cls", bound=type)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Ordering(MetadataMixin):
+    key = ORDERING_METADATA
+    order: Optional[int] = None
+    after: Optional[Any] = None
+    before: Optional[Any] = None
+
+    def __post_init__(self):
+        from apischema.objects.fields import check_field_or_name
+
+        if self.after is not None:
+            check_field_or_name(self.after, methods=True)
+        if self.before is not None:
+            check_field_or_name(self.before, methods=True)
+
+
+_order_overriding: MutableMapping[type, Mapping[Any, Ordering]] = CacheAwareDict({})
+
+
+@overload
+def order(__value: int) -> Ordering:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def order(*, after: Any) -> Ordering:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def order(*, before: Any) -> Ordering:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def order(__fields: Sequence[Any]) -> Callable[[Cls], Cls]:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def order(__override: Mapping[Any, Ordering]) -> Callable[[Cls], Cls]:
+    ...
+
+
+def order(__arg=None, *, before=None, after=None):
+    if len([arg for arg in (__arg, before, after) if arg is not None]) != 1:
+        stop_signature_abuse()
+    if isinstance(__arg, Sequence):
+        __arg = {field: order(after=prev) for field, prev in zip(__arg[1:], __arg)}
+    if isinstance(__arg, Mapping):
+        if not all(isinstance(val, Ordering) for val in __arg.values()):
+            stop_signature_abuse()
+
+        def decorator(cls: Cls) -> Cls:
+            _order_overriding[cls] = __arg
+            return cls
+
+        return decorator
+    elif __arg is not None and not isinstance(__arg, int):
+        stop_signature_abuse()
+    else:
+        return Ordering(__arg, after, before)
+
+
+def get_order_overriding(cls: type) -> Mapping[str, Ordering]:
+    from apischema.objects.fields import get_field_name
+
+    return {
+        get_field_name(field, methods=True): ordering
+        for sub_cls in reversed(cls.__mro__)
+        if sub_cls in _order_overriding
+        for field, ordering in _order_overriding[sub_cls].items()
+    }
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+def sort_by_order(
+    cls: type,
+    elts: Collection[T],
+    name: Callable[[T], str],
+    order: Callable[[T], Optional[Ordering]],
+) -> Sequence[T]:
+    from apischema.objects.fields import get_field_name
+
+    order_overriding = get_order_overriding(cls)
+    groups: Dict[int, List[T]] = defaultdict(list)
+    after: Dict[str, List[T]] = defaultdict(list)
+    before: Dict[str, List[T]] = defaultdict(list)
+    for elt in elts:
+        ordering = order_overriding.get(name(elt), order(elt))
+        if ordering is None:
+            groups[0].append(elt)
+        elif ordering.order is not None:
+            groups[ordering.order].append(elt)
+        elif ordering.after is not None:
+            after[get_field_name(ordering.after, methods=True)].append(elt)
+        elif ordering.before is not None:
+            before[get_field_name(ordering.before, methods=True)].append(elt)
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+    if not after and not before and len(groups) == 1:
+        return next(iter(groups.values()))
+    result = []
+
+    def add_to_result(elt: T):
+        elt_name = name(elt)
+        for before_elt in before[elt_name]:
+            add_to_result(before_elt)
+        result.append(elt)
+        for after_elt in after[elt_name]:
+            add_to_result(after_elt)
+
+    for value in sorted(groups):
+        for elt in groups[value]:
+            add_to_result(elt)
+    return result
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/recursion.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/recursion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d05b6b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/recursion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+)
+
+from apischema.cache import cache
+from apischema.conversions import AnyConversion
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import DefaultConversion
+from apischema.conversions.visitor import (
+    Conv,
+    ConversionsVisitor,
+    Deserialization,
+    DeserializationVisitor,
+    Serialization,
+    SerializationVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.objects import ObjectField
+from apischema.objects.visitor import (
+    DeserializationObjectVisitor,
+    ObjectVisitor,
+    SerializationObjectVisitor,
+)
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.utils import Lazy
+from apischema.visitor import Result
+
+RecursionKey = Tuple[AnyType, Optional[AnyConversion]]
+
+
+class RecursiveChecker(ConversionsVisitor[Conv, Any], ObjectVisitor[Any]):
+    def __init__(self, default_conversion: DefaultConversion):
+        super().__init__(default_conversion)
+        self._cache = recursion_cache(self.__class__)
+        self._recursive: Dict[RecursionKey, Set[RecursionKey]] = {}
+        self._all_recursive: Set[RecursionKey] = set()
+        self._guard: List[RecursionKey] = []
+        self._guard_indices: Dict[RecursionKey, int] = {}
+
+    def any(self):
+        pass
+
+    def collection(self, cls: Type[Collection], value_type: AnyType):
+        return self.visit(value_type)
+
+    def enum(self, cls: Type[Enum]):
+        pass
+
+    def literal(self, values: Sequence[Any]):
+        pass
+
+    def mapping(self, cls: Type[Mapping], key_type: AnyType, value_type: AnyType):
+        self.visit(key_type)
+        self.visit(value_type)
+
+    def object(self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]):
+        for field in fields:
+            self.visit_with_conv(field.type, self._field_conversion(field))
+
+    def primitive(self, cls: Type):
+        pass
+
+    def tuple(self, types: Sequence[AnyType]):
+        for tp in types:
+            self.visit(tp)
+
+    def _visited_union(self, results: Sequence):
+        pass
+
+    def unsupported(self, tp: AnyType):
+        pass
+
+    def visit(self, tp: AnyType):
+        rec_key = (tp, self._conversion)
+        if rec_key in self._cache:
+            pass
+        elif rec_key in self._guard_indices:
+            recursive = self._guard[self._guard_indices[rec_key] :]
+            self._recursive.setdefault(rec_key, set()).update(recursive)
+            self._all_recursive.update(recursive)
+        else:
+            self._guard_indices[rec_key] = len(self._guard)
+            self._guard.append(rec_key)
+            try:
+                super().visit(tp)
+            finally:
+                self._guard.pop()
+                self._guard_indices.pop(rec_key)
+            if rec_key in self._recursive:
+                for key in self._recursive[rec_key]:
+                    self._cache[key] = True
+                assert self._cache[rec_key]
+            elif rec_key not in self._all_recursive:
+                self._cache[rec_key] = False
+
+
+class DeserializationRecursiveChecker(
+    DeserializationVisitor,
+    DeserializationObjectVisitor,
+    RecursiveChecker[Deserialization],
+):
+    pass
+
+
+class SerializationRecursiveChecker(
+    SerializationVisitor, SerializationObjectVisitor, RecursiveChecker[Serialization]
+):
+    pass
+
+
+@cache  # use @cache for reset
+def recursion_cache(checker_cls: Type[RecursiveChecker]) -> Dict[RecursionKey, bool]:
+    return {}
+
+
+@cache
+def is_recursive(
+    tp: AnyType,
+    conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+    checker_cls: Type[RecursiveChecker],
+) -> bool:
+    cache, rec_key = recursion_cache(checker_cls), (tp, conversion)
+    if rec_key not in cache:
+        checker_cls(default_conversion).visit_with_conv(tp, conversion)
+    return cache[rec_key]
+
+
+class RecursiveConversionsVisitor(ConversionsVisitor[Conv, Result]):
+    def __init__(self, default_conversion: DefaultConversion):
+        super().__init__(default_conversion)
+        self._cache: Dict[Tuple[AnyType, Optional[AnyConversion]], Result] = {}
+        self._first_visit = True
+
+    def _recursive_result(self, lazy: Lazy[Result]) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def visit_not_recursive(self, tp: AnyType) -> Result:
+        return super().visit(tp)
+
+    def visit(self, tp: AnyType) -> Result:
+        if is_recursive(
+            tp,
+            self._conversion,
+            self.default_conversion,
+            DeserializationRecursiveChecker  # type: ignore
+            if isinstance(self, DeserializationVisitor)
+            else SerializationRecursiveChecker,
+            # None,
+        ):
+            cache_key = tp, self._conversion
+            if cache_key in self._cache:
+                return self._cache[cache_key]
+            result = None
+
+            def lazy_result():
+                assert result is not None
+                return result
+
+            self._cache[cache_key] = self._recursive_result(lazy_result)
+            try:
+                result = super().visit(tp)
+            finally:
+                del self._cache[cache_key]
+            return result
+        elif self._first_visit:
+            self._first_visit = False
+            return super().visit(tp)
+        else:
+            return self.visit_not_recursive(tp)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/schemas/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/schemas/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1914d32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/schemas/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+import re
+import warnings
+from dataclasses import dataclass, replace
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Sequence,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from apischema.metadata.keys import SCHEMA_METADATA
+from apischema.schemas.annotations import Annotations, ContentEncoding, Deprecated
+from apischema.schemas.constraints import Constraints
+from apischema.types import AnyType, MetadataMixin, Number, Undefined
+from apischema.typing import is_annotated
+from apischema.utils import merge_opts, replace_builtins
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+Extra = Union[Mapping[str, Any], Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], None]]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Schema(MetadataMixin):
+    key = SCHEMA_METADATA
+    annotations: Optional[Annotations] = None
+    constraints: Optional[Constraints] = None
+    extra: Optional[Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], None]] = None
+    override: bool = False
+    child: Optional["Schema"] = None
+
+    def __call__(self, tp: T) -> T:
+        if is_annotated(tp):
+            raise TypeError("Cannot register schema on Annotated type")
+        _schemas[replace_builtins(tp)] = self
+        return tp
+
+    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
+        self.__call__(owner)
+
+    def merge_into(self, base_schema: Dict[str, Any]):
+        if self.override:
+            base_schema.clear()
+        elif self.child is not None:
+            self.child.merge_into(base_schema)
+        if self.constraints is not None:
+            self.constraints.merge_into(base_schema)
+        if self.annotations is not None:
+            self.annotations.merge_into(base_schema)
+        if self.extra is not None:
+            self.extra(base_schema)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def schema(
+    *,
+    # annotations
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    default: Any = Undefined,
+    examples: Optional[Sequence[Any]] = None,
+    deprecated: Optional[Deprecated] = None,
+    # number
+    min: Optional[Number] = None,
+    max: Optional[Number] = None,
+    exc_min: Optional[Number] = None,
+    exc_max: Optional[Number] = None,
+    mult_of: Optional[Number] = None,
+    # string
+    format: Optional[str] = None,
+    media_type: Optional[str] = None,
+    encoding: Optional[ContentEncoding] = None,
+    min_len: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_len: Optional[int] = None,
+    pattern: Optional[Union[str, Pattern]] = None,
+    # array
+    min_items: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_items: Optional[int] = None,
+    unique: Optional[bool] = None,
+    # objects
+    min_props: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_props: Optional[int] = None,
+    # extra
+    extra: Optional[Extra] = None,
+    override: bool = False,
+) -> Schema:
+    if default is ...:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "default=... is deprecated as default value is now"
+            " automatically added to the schema",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        default = Undefined
+    default = None if default is Undefined else (lambda d=default: d)
+    if pattern is not None:
+        pattern = re.compile(pattern)
+    if isinstance(extra, Mapping):
+        extra = lambda js, to_update=extra: js.update(to_update)  # type: ignore
+    annotations = Annotations(
+        title, description, default, examples, format, deprecated, media_type, encoding
+    )
+    constraints = Constraints(
+        min,
+        max,
+        exc_min,
+        exc_max,
+        mult_of,
+        min_len,
+        max_len,
+        pattern,
+        min_items,
+        max_items,
+        unique,
+        min_props,
+        max_props,
+    )
+    return Schema(annotations, constraints, extra, override)
+
+
+def default_schema(tp: AnyType) -> Optional[Schema]:
+    return None
+
+
+_schemas: Dict[Any, Schema] = {}
+
+
+def get_schema(tp: AnyType) -> Optional[Schema]:
+    tp = replace_builtins(tp)
+    try:
+        return _schemas.get(tp)
+    except TypeError:
+        return None
+
+
+@merge_opts
+def merge_schema(default: Schema, override: Schema) -> Schema:
+    if override.override:
+        return override
+    return replace(override, child=merge_schema(default, override.child))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/schemas/annotations.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/schemas/annotations.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1818bbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/schemas/annotations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Optional, Sequence, Union
+
+from apischema.utils import to_camel_case
+
+Deprecated = Union[bool, str]
+try:
+    from apischema.typing import Literal
+
+    ContentEncoding = Literal["7bit", "8bit", "binary", "quoted-printable", "base64"]
+except ImportError:
+    ContentEncoding = str  # type: ignore
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Annotations:
+    title: Optional[str] = None
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    default: Optional[Callable[[], Any]] = None
+    examples: Optional[Sequence[Any]] = None
+    format: Optional[str] = None
+    deprecated: Optional[Deprecated] = None
+    media_type: Optional[str] = None
+    encoding: Optional[ContentEncoding] = None
+
+    def merge_into(self, base_schema: Dict[str, Any]):
+        if self.deprecated:
+            base_schema["deprecated"] = bool(self.deprecated)
+        for k in ("title", "description", "examples", "format"):
+            if getattr(self, k) is not None:
+                base_schema[k] = getattr(self, k)
+        for k in ("media_type", "encoding"):
+            if getattr(self, k) is not None:
+                base_schema[to_camel_case("content_" + k)] = getattr(self, k)
+        if self.default is not None:
+            base_schema["default"] = self.default()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/schemas/constraints.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/schemas/constraints.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6a48d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/schemas/constraints.py
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+import operator as op
+from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field, fields
+from math import gcd
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+)
+
+from apischema.types import Number
+from apischema.utils import merge_opts, to_hashable
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+U = TypeVar("U")
+
+COMPARISON_MERGE_AND_ERRORS: Dict[Callable, Tuple[Callable, str]] = {
+    op.lt: (max, "less than %s"),
+    op.le: (max, "less than or equal to %s"),
+    op.gt: (min, "greater than %s"),
+    op.ge: (min, "greater than or equal to %s"),
+}
+PREFIX_DICT: Mapping[type, str] = {
+    str: "string length",
+    list: "item count",
+    dict: "property count",
+}
+Check = Callable[[Any, Any], Any]
+CONSTRAINT_METADATA_KEY = "constraint"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ConstraintMetadata:
+    alias: str
+    cls: type
+    check: Check
+    error: Callable[[Any], str]
+    merge: Callable[[T, T], T]
+
+    @property
+    def field(self) -> Any:
+        return field(default=None, metadata={CONSTRAINT_METADATA_KEY: self})
+
+
+def comparison(alias: str, cls: type, check: Check) -> Any:
+    merge, error = COMPARISON_MERGE_AND_ERRORS[check]
+    prefix = PREFIX_DICT.get(cls)  # type: ignore
+    if prefix:
+        error = prefix + " " + error.replace("less", "lower")
+    if cls in (str, list, dict):
+        wrapped = check
+
+        def check(data: Any, value: Any) -> bool:
+            return wrapped(len(data), value)
+
+    return ConstraintMetadata(alias, cls, check, lambda v: error % v, merge).field
+
+
+def merge_mult_of(m1: Number, m2: Number) -> Number:
+    if not isinstance(m1, int) and not isinstance(m2, int):
+        raise TypeError("multipleOf merging is only supported with integers")
+    return m1 * m2 / gcd(m1, m2)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def not_match_pattern(data: str, pattern: Pattern) -> bool:
+    return not pattern.match(data)
+
+
+def merge_pattern(p1: Pattern, p2: Pattern) -> Pattern:
+    raise TypeError("Cannot merge patterns")
+
+
+def not_unique(data: list, unique: bool) -> bool:
+    return (op.ne if unique else op.eq)(len(set(map(to_hashable, data))), len(data))
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Constraints:
+    # number
+    min: Optional[Number] = comparison("minimum", float, op.lt)
+    max: Optional[Number] = comparison("maximum", float, op.gt)
+    exc_min: Optional[Number] = comparison("exclusiveMinimum", float, op.le)
+    exc_max: Optional[Number] = comparison("exclusiveMaximum", float, op.ge)
+    mult_of: Optional[Number] = ConstraintMetadata(
+        "multipleOf", float, op.mod, lambda n: f"not a multiple of {n}", merge_mult_of  # type: ignore
+    ).field
+    # string
+    min_len: Optional[int] = comparison("minLength", str, op.lt)
+    max_len: Optional[int] = comparison("maxLength", str, op.gt)
+    pattern: Optional[Pattern] = ConstraintMetadata(
+        "pattern",
+        str,
+        not_match_pattern,
+        lambda p: f"not matching '{p.pattern}'",
+        merge_pattern,  # type: ignore
+    ).field
+    # array
+    min_items: Optional[int] = comparison("minItems", list, op.lt)
+    max_items: Optional[int] = comparison("maxItems", list, op.gt)
+    unique: Optional[bool] = ConstraintMetadata(
+        "uniqueItems", list, not_unique, lambda _: "duplicate items", op.or_
+    ).field
+    # object
+    min_props: Optional[int] = comparison("minProperties", dict, op.lt)
+    max_props: Optional[int] = comparison("maxProperties", dict, op.gt)
+
+    @property
+    def attr_and_metata(
+        self,
+    ) -> Collection[Tuple[str, Optional[Any], ConstraintMetadata]]:
+        return [
+            (f.name, getattr(self, f.name), f.metadata[CONSTRAINT_METADATA_KEY])
+            for f in fields(self)
+            if CONSTRAINT_METADATA_KEY in f.metadata
+        ]
+
+    @property
+    def checks_by_type(self) -> Mapping[type, Collection[Tuple[Check, Any, str]]]:
+        result = defaultdict(list)
+        for _, attr, metadata in self.attr_and_metata:
+            if attr is None:
+                continue
+            error = f"{metadata.error(attr)} ({metadata.alias})"
+            result[metadata.cls].append((metadata.check, attr, error))
+        result[int] = result[float]
+        return result
+
+    def merge_into(self, base_schema: Dict[str, Any]):
+        for name, attr, metadata in self.attr_and_metata:
+            if attr is not None:
+                alias = metadata.alias
+                if alias in base_schema:
+                    base_schema[alias] = metadata.merge(attr, base_schema[alias])  # type: ignore
+                else:
+                    base_schema[alias] = attr
+
+
+@merge_opts
+def merge_constraints(c1: Constraints, c2: Constraints) -> Constraints:
+    constraints: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+    for name, attr1, metadata in c1.attr_and_metata:
+        attr2 = getattr(c2, name)
+        if attr1 is None:
+            constraints[name] = attr2
+        elif attr2 is None:
+            constraints[name] = attr1
+        else:
+            constraints[name] = metadata.merge(attr1, attr2)  # type: ignore
+    return Constraints(**constraints)  # type: ignore
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/serialization/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/serialization/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fd0b2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/serialization/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,621 @@
+import collections.abc
+import operator
+from contextlib import suppress
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.aliases import Aliaser
+from apischema.cache import cache
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion, DefaultConversion
+from apischema.conversions.utils import Converter
+from apischema.conversions.visitor import (
+    Serialization,
+    SerializationVisitor,
+    sub_conversion,
+)
+from apischema.fields import FIELDS_SET_ATTR, support_fields_set
+from apischema.objects import AliasedStr, ObjectField
+from apischema.objects.visitor import SerializationObjectVisitor
+from apischema.ordering import sort_by_order
+from apischema.recursion import RecursiveConversionsVisitor
+from apischema.serialization.serialized_methods import get_serialized_methods
+from apischema.types import AnyType, NoneType, Undefined, UndefinedType
+from apischema.typing import is_new_type, is_type, is_type_var, is_typed_dict, is_union
+from apischema.utils import (
+    Lazy,
+    as_predicate,
+    deprecate_kwargs,
+    get_args2,
+    get_origin_or_type,
+    get_origin_or_type2,
+    identity,
+    is_union_of,
+    opt_or,
+)
+from apischema.visitor import Unsupported
+
+SerializationMethod = Callable[[Any], Any]
+SerializationMethodFactory = Callable[[AnyType], SerializationMethod]
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+def instance_checker(tp: AnyType) -> Tuple[Callable[[Any, Any], bool], Any]:
+    origin = get_origin_or_type2(tp)
+    if origin is NoneType:
+        return operator.is_, None
+    elif is_typed_dict(origin):
+        return isinstance, collections.abc.Mapping
+    elif is_type(origin):
+        return isinstance, origin
+    elif is_new_type(origin):
+        return instance_checker(origin.__supertype__)
+    elif is_type_var(origin) or origin is Any:
+        return (lambda data, _: True), ...
+    elif is_union(origin):
+        checks = list(map(instance_checker, get_args2(tp)))
+        return (lambda data, _: any(check(data, arg) for check, arg in checks)), ...
+    else:
+        raise TypeError(f"{tp} is not supported in union serialization")
+
+
+def identity_as_none(method: SerializationMethod) -> Optional[SerializationMethod]:
+    return method if method is not identity else None
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class PassThroughOptions:
+    any: bool = False
+    collections: bool = False
+    enums: bool = False
+    tuple: bool = False
+    types: Union[Collection[AnyType], Callable[[AnyType], bool]] = ()
+
+    def __post_init__(self):
+        object.__setattr__(self, "types", as_predicate(self.types))
+        if self.collections and not self.tuple:
+            object.__setattr__(self, "tuple", True)
+
+
+class SerializationMethodVisitor(
+    RecursiveConversionsVisitor[Serialization, SerializationMethod],
+    SerializationVisitor[SerializationMethod],
+    SerializationObjectVisitor[SerializationMethod],
+):
+    use_cache: bool = True
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        additional_properties: bool,
+        aliaser: Aliaser,
+        check_type: bool,
+        default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+        exclude_defaults: bool,
+        exclude_none: bool,
+        exclude_unset: bool,
+        fall_back_on_any: bool,
+        pass_through_options: PassThroughOptions,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(default_conversion)
+        self.additional_properties = additional_properties
+        self.aliaser = aliaser
+        self.check_type = check_type
+        self.exclude_defaults = exclude_defaults
+        self.exclude_none = exclude_none
+        self.exclude_unset = exclude_unset
+        self.fall_back_on_any = fall_back_on_any
+        self.pass_through_options = pass_through_options
+        self.pass_through_type = as_predicate(self.pass_through_options.types)
+
+    @property
+    def _factory(self) -> SerializationMethodFactory:
+        return serialization_method_factory(
+            self.additional_properties,
+            self.aliaser,
+            self.check_type,
+            self._conversion,
+            self.default_conversion,
+            self.exclude_defaults,
+            self.exclude_none,
+            self.exclude_unset,
+            self.fall_back_on_any,
+            self.pass_through_options,
+        )
+
+    def visit_not_recursive(self, tp: AnyType):
+        return self._factory(tp) if self.use_cache else super().visit_not_recursive(tp)
+
+    def _recursive_result(self, lazy: Lazy[SerializationMethod]) -> SerializationMethod:
+        rec_method = None
+
+        def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+            nonlocal rec_method
+            if rec_method is None:
+                rec_method = lazy()
+            return rec_method(obj)
+
+        return method
+
+    def any(self) -> SerializationMethod:
+        if self.pass_through_options.any:
+            return identity
+        factory = self._factory
+
+        def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+            return factory(obj.__class__)(obj)
+
+        return method
+
+    def _any_fallback(self, tp: AnyType) -> SerializationMethod:
+        fallback, serialize_any = self.fall_back_on_any, self.any()
+
+        def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+            if fallback:
+                return serialize_any(obj)
+            else:
+                raise TypeError(f"Expected {tp}, found {obj.__class__}")
+
+        return method
+
+    def _wrap(self, cls: type, method: SerializationMethod) -> SerializationMethod:
+        if not self.check_type:
+            return method
+        fallback = self._any_fallback(cls)
+        cls_to_check = Mapping if is_typed_dict(cls) else cls
+
+        def wrapper(obj: Any) -> Any:
+            return method(obj) if isinstance(obj, cls_to_check) else fallback(obj)
+
+        return wrapper
+
+    def collection(
+        self, cls: Type[Collection], value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> SerializationMethod:
+        serialize_value = self.visit(value_type)
+
+        method: SerializationMethod
+        if serialize_value is not identity:
+
+            def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+                # using map is faster than comprehension
+                return list(map(serialize_value, obj))
+
+        elif (
+            issubclass(cls, list)
+            or (issubclass(cls, tuple) and self.pass_through_options.tuple)
+            or (
+                self.pass_through_options.collections
+                and not issubclass(cls, collections.abc.Set)
+            )
+        ):
+            method = identity
+        else:
+            method = list
+
+        return self._wrap(cls, method)
+
+    def enum(self, cls: Type[Enum]) -> SerializationMethod:
+        if self.pass_through_options.enums or issubclass(cls, (int, str)):
+            return identity
+        elif all(
+            method is identity
+            for method in map(self.visit, {elt.value.__class__ for elt in cls})
+        ):
+            method: SerializationMethod = operator.attrgetter("value")
+        else:
+            any_method = self.any()
+
+            def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+                return any_method(obj.value)
+
+        return self._wrap(cls, method)
+
+    def literal(self, values: Sequence[Any]) -> SerializationMethod:
+        if self.pass_through_options.enums or all(
+            isinstance(v, (int, str)) for v in values
+        ):
+            return identity
+        else:
+            return self.any()
+
+    def mapping(
+        self, cls: Type[Mapping], key_type: AnyType, value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> SerializationMethod:
+        serialize_key, serialize_value = self.visit(key_type), self.visit(value_type)
+        method: SerializationMethod
+        if serialize_key is not identity or serialize_value is not identity:
+
+            def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+                return {
+                    serialize_key(key): serialize_value(value)
+                    for key, value in obj.items()
+                }
+
+        elif self.pass_through_options.collections or issubclass(cls, dict):
+            method = identity
+        else:
+            method = dict
+
+        return self._wrap(cls, method)
+
+    def object(self, tp: AnyType, fields: Sequence[ObjectField]) -> SerializationMethod:
+        cls = get_origin_or_type(tp)
+        typed_dict = is_typed_dict(cls)
+        getter: Callable[[str], Callable[[Any], Any]] = (
+            operator.itemgetter if typed_dict else operator.attrgetter
+        )
+        serialization_fields = [
+            (
+                field.name,
+                self.aliaser(field.alias) if not field.is_aggregate else None,
+                getter(field.name),
+                field.required,
+                field.skip.serialization_if,
+                is_union_of(field.type, UndefinedType) or default is Undefined,
+                (is_union_of(field.type, NoneType) and self.exclude_none)
+                or field.none_as_undefined
+                or (default is None and self.exclude_defaults),
+                (field.skip.serialization_default or self.exclude_defaults)
+                and default not in (None, Undefined),
+                default,
+                identity_as_none(self.visit_with_conv(field.type, field.serialization)),
+                field.ordering,
+            )
+            for field in fields
+            for default in [... if field.required else field.get_default()]
+        ] + [
+            (
+                serialized.func.__name__,
+                self.aliaser(serialized.alias),
+                serialized.func,
+                True,
+                None,
+                is_union_of(ret_type, UndefinedType),
+                is_union_of(ret_type, NoneType) and self.exclude_none,
+                False,
+                ...,
+                self.visit_with_conv(ret_type, serialized.conversion),
+                serialized.ordering,
+            )
+            for serialized, types in get_serialized_methods(tp)
+            for ret_type in [types["return"]]
+        ]
+        serialization_fields = sort_by_order(  # type: ignore
+            cls, serialization_fields, lambda f: f[0], lambda f: f[-1]
+        )
+        field_names = {f.name for f in fields}
+        any_method = self.any()
+        exclude_unset = self.exclude_unset and support_fields_set(cls)
+        additional_properties = self.additional_properties and typed_dict
+
+        def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+            result = {}
+            for (
+                name,
+                alias,
+                get_field,
+                required,
+                skip_if,
+                undefined,
+                skip_none,
+                skip_default,
+                default,
+                serialize_field,
+                _,
+            ) in serialization_fields:
+                if (not exclude_unset or name in getattr(obj, FIELDS_SET_ATTR)) and (
+                    not typed_dict or required or name in obj
+                ):
+                    field_value = get_field(obj)
+                    if not (
+                        (skip_if and skip_if(field_value))
+                        or (undefined and field_value is Undefined)
+                        or (skip_none and field_value is None)
+                        or (skip_default and field_value == default)
+                    ):
+                        if serialize_field:
+                            field_value = serialize_field(field_value)
+                        if alias:
+                            result[alias] = field_value
+                        else:
+                            result.update(field_value)
+            if additional_properties:
+                assert isinstance(obj, Mapping)
+                for key, value in obj.items():
+                    if key not in field_names and isinstance(key, str):
+                        result[key] = any_method(value)
+            return result
+
+        return self._wrap(cls, method)
+
+    def primitive(self, cls: Type) -> SerializationMethod:
+        return self._wrap(cls, identity)
+
+    def subprimitive(self, cls: Type, superclass: Type) -> SerializationMethod:
+        if cls is AliasedStr:
+            return self.aliaser
+        else:
+            return super().subprimitive(cls, superclass)
+
+    def tuple(self, types: Sequence[AnyType]) -> SerializationMethod:
+        elt_serializers = list(enumerate(map(self.visit, types)))
+        if all(method is identity for _, method in elt_serializers):
+            return identity if self.pass_through_options.tuple else list  # type: ignore
+
+        def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+            return [serialize_elt(obj[i]) for i, serialize_elt in elt_serializers]
+
+        if self.check_type:
+            nb_elts = len(elt_serializers)
+            wrapped = method
+            fall_back_on_any, as_list = self.fall_back_on_any, self._factory(list)
+
+            def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+                if len(obj) == nb_elts:
+                    return wrapped(obj)
+                elif fall_back_on_any:
+                    return as_list(obj)
+                else:
+                    raise TypeError(f"Expected {nb_elts}-tuple, found {len(obj)}-tuple")
+
+        return self._wrap(tuple, method)
+
+    def union(self, alternatives: Sequence[AnyType]) -> SerializationMethod:
+        methods = []
+        for tp in alternatives:
+            with suppress(Unsupported):
+                methods.append((self.visit(tp), *instance_checker(tp)))
+        # No need to catch the case with all methods being identity,
+        # because passthrough
+        if not methods:
+            raise Unsupported(Union[tuple(alternatives)])  # type: ignore
+        elif len(methods) == 1:
+            return methods[0][0]
+        elif all(method is identity for method, _, _ in methods):
+            return identity
+        elif len(methods) == 2 and NoneType in alternatives:
+            serialize_alt = next(meth for meth, _, arg in methods if arg is not None)
+
+            def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+                return serialize_alt(obj) if obj is not None else None
+
+        else:
+            fallback = self._any_fallback(Union[alternatives])
+
+            def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+                for serialize_alt, check, arg in methods:
+                    if check(obj, arg):
+                        try:
+                            return serialize_alt(obj)
+                        except Exception:
+                            pass
+                return fallback(obj)
+
+        return method
+
+    def unsupported(self, tp: AnyType) -> SerializationMethod:
+        try:
+            return super().unsupported(tp)
+        except Unsupported:
+            if self.fall_back_on_any and is_type(tp):
+                if issubclass(tp, Mapping):
+                    return self.visit(Mapping[Any, Any])
+                elif issubclass(tp, Collection):
+                    return self.visit(Collection[Any])
+            raise
+
+    def _visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Serialization,
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    ) -> SerializationMethod:
+        serialize_conv = self.visit_with_conv(
+            conversion.target, sub_conversion(conversion, next_conversion)
+        )
+        converter = cast(Converter, conversion.converter)
+        if converter is identity:
+            method = serialize_conv
+        elif serialize_conv is identity:
+            method = converter
+        else:
+
+            def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+                return serialize_conv(converter(obj))
+
+        return self._wrap(get_origin_or_type(tp), method)
+
+    def visit_conversion(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        conversion: Optional[Serialization],
+        dynamic: bool,
+        next_conversion: Optional[AnyConversion] = None,
+    ) -> SerializationMethod:
+        if not dynamic and self.pass_through_type(tp):
+            return identity
+        else:
+            return super().visit_conversion(tp, conversion, dynamic, next_conversion)
+
+
+@cache
+def serialization_method_factory(
+    additional_properties: bool,
+    aliaser: Aliaser,
+    check_type: bool,
+    conversion: Optional[AnyConversion],
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion,
+    exclude_defaults: bool,
+    exclude_none: bool,
+    exclude_unset: bool,
+    fall_back_on_any: bool,
+    pass_through: PassThroughOptions,
+) -> SerializationMethodFactory:
+    @lru_cache()
+    def factory(tp: AnyType) -> SerializationMethod:
+        return SerializationMethodVisitor(
+            additional_properties,
+            aliaser,
+            check_type,
+            default_conversion,
+            exclude_defaults,
+            exclude_none,
+            exclude_unset,
+            fall_back_on_any,
+            pass_through,
+        ).visit_with_conv(tp, conversion)
+
+    return factory
+
+
+def serialization_method(
+    type: AnyType,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    check_type: bool = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    exclude_defaults: bool = None,
+    exclude_none: bool = None,
+    exclude_unset: bool = None,
+    fall_back_on_any: bool = None,
+    pass_through: PassThroughOptions = None,
+) -> SerializationMethod:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    return serialization_method_factory(
+        opt_or(additional_properties, settings.additional_properties),
+        opt_or(aliaser, settings.aliaser),
+        opt_or(check_type, settings.serialization.check_type),
+        conversion,
+        opt_or(default_conversion, settings.serialization.default_conversion),
+        opt_or(exclude_defaults, settings.serialization.exclude_defaults),
+        opt_or(exclude_none, settings.serialization.exclude_none),
+        opt_or(exclude_unset, settings.serialization.exclude_unset),
+        opt_or(fall_back_on_any, settings.serialization.fall_back_on_any),
+        opt_or(pass_through, settings.serialization.pass_through),
+    )(type)
+
+
+NO_OBJ = object()
+
+
+@overload
+def serialize(
+    type: AnyType,
+    obj: Any,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    check_type: bool = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    exclude_defaults: bool = None,
+    exclude_none: bool = None,
+    exclude_unset: bool = None,
+    fall_back_on_any: bool = None,
+    pass_through: PassThroughOptions = None,
+) -> Any:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def serialize(
+    obj: Any,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    check_type: bool = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    exclude_defaults: bool = None,
+    exclude_none: bool = None,
+    exclude_unset: bool = None,
+    fall_back_on_any: bool = True,
+    pass_through: PassThroughOptions = None,
+) -> Any:
+    ...
+
+
+@deprecate_kwargs({"conversions": "conversion"})  # type: ignore
+def serialize(
+    type: AnyType = Any,
+    obj: Any = NO_OBJ,
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    check_type: bool = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    exclude_defaults: bool = None,
+    exclude_none: bool = None,
+    exclude_unset: bool = None,
+    fall_back_on_any: bool = None,
+    pass_through: PassThroughOptions = None,
+) -> Any:
+    # Handle overloaded signature without type
+    if obj is NO_OBJ:
+        type, obj = Any, type
+        if fall_back_on_any is None:
+            fall_back_on_any = True
+    return serialization_method(
+        type,
+        additional_properties=additional_properties,
+        aliaser=aliaser,
+        check_type=check_type,
+        conversion=conversion,
+        default_conversion=default_conversion,
+        exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+        exclude_none=exclude_none,
+        exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+        fall_back_on_any=fall_back_on_any,
+        pass_through=pass_through,
+    )(obj)
+
+
+def serialization_default(
+    *,
+    additional_properties: bool = None,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = None,
+    default_conversion: DefaultConversion = None,
+    exclude_defaults: bool = None,
+    exclude_none: bool = None,
+    exclude_unset: bool = None,
+) -> SerializationMethod:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    factory = serialization_method_factory(
+        opt_or(additional_properties, settings.additional_properties),
+        opt_or(aliaser, settings.aliaser),
+        False,
+        None,
+        opt_or(default_conversion, settings.serialization.default_conversion),
+        opt_or(exclude_defaults, settings.serialization.exclude_defaults),
+        opt_or(exclude_none, settings.serialization.exclude_none),
+        opt_or(exclude_unset, settings.serialization.exclude_unset),
+        False,
+        PassThroughOptions(any=True),
+    )
+
+    def method(obj: Any) -> Any:
+        return factory(obj.__class__)(obj)
+
+    return method
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/serialization/serialized_methods.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/serialization/serialized_methods.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80e5726
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/serialization/serialized_methods.py
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from functools import wraps
+from inspect import Parameter, signature
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    NoReturn,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.cache import CacheAwareDict
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import AnyConversion
+from apischema.methods import method_registerer
+from apischema.ordering import Ordering
+from apischema.schemas import Schema
+from apischema.types import AnyType, Undefined, UndefinedType
+from apischema.typing import generic_mro, get_type_hints, is_type
+from apischema.utils import (
+    deprecate_kwargs,
+    get_args2,
+    get_origin_or_type,
+    get_origin_or_type2,
+    substitute_type_vars,
+    subtyping_substitution,
+)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class SerializedMethod:
+    func: Callable
+    alias: str
+    conversion: Optional[AnyConversion]
+    error_handler: Optional[Callable]
+    ordering: Optional[Ordering]
+    schema: Optional[Schema]
+
+    def error_type(self) -> AnyType:
+        assert self.error_handler is not None
+        types = get_type_hints(self.error_handler, include_extras=True)
+        if "return" not in types:
+            raise TypeError("Error handler must be typed")
+        return types["return"]
+
+    def return_type(self, return_type: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+        if self.error_handler is not None:
+            error_type = self.error_type()
+            if error_type is not NoReturn:
+                return Union[return_type, error_type]
+        return return_type
+
+    def types(self, owner: AnyType = None) -> Mapping[str, AnyType]:
+        types = get_type_hints(self.func, include_extras=True)
+        if "return" not in types:
+            if is_type(self.func):
+                types["return"] = self.func
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("Function must be typed")
+        types["return"] = self.return_type(types["return"])
+        if get_args2(owner):
+            first_param = next(iter(signature(self.func).parameters))
+            substitution, _ = subtyping_substitution(
+                types.get(first_param, get_origin_or_type2(owner)), owner
+            )
+            types = {
+                name: substitute_type_vars(tp, substitution)
+                for name, tp in types.items()
+            }
+        return types
+
+
+_serialized_methods: MutableMapping[Type, Dict[str, SerializedMethod]] = CacheAwareDict(
+    defaultdict(dict)
+)
+
+S = TypeVar("S", bound=SerializedMethod)
+
+
+def _get_methods(
+    tp: AnyType, all_methods: Mapping[Type, Mapping[str, S]]
+) -> Collection[Tuple[S, Mapping[str, AnyType]]]:
+    result = {}
+    for base in reversed(generic_mro(tp)):
+        for name, method in all_methods[get_origin_or_type(base)].items():
+            result[name] = (method, method.types(base))
+    return result.values()
+
+
+def get_serialized_methods(
+    tp: AnyType,
+) -> Collection[Tuple[SerializedMethod, Mapping[str, AnyType]]]:
+    return _get_methods(tp, _serialized_methods)
+
+
+ErrorHandler = Union[Callable, None, UndefinedType]
+
+
+def none_error_handler(error: Exception, obj: Any, alias: str) -> None:
+    return None
+
+
+MethodOrProp = TypeVar("MethodOrProp", Callable, property)
+
+
+@overload
+def serialized(__method_or_property: MethodOrProp) -> MethodOrProp:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def serialized(
+    alias: str = None,
+    *,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    error_handler: ErrorHandler = Undefined,
+    order: Optional[Ordering] = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+    owner: Type = None,
+) -> Callable[[MethodOrProp], MethodOrProp]:
+    ...
+
+
+@deprecate_kwargs({"conversions": "conversion"})
+def serialized(
+    __arg=None,
+    *,
+    alias: str = None,
+    conversion: AnyConversion = None,
+    error_handler: ErrorHandler = Undefined,
+    order: Optional[Ordering] = None,
+    schema: Schema = None,
+    owner: Type = None,
+):
+    def register(func: Callable, owner: Type, alias2: str):
+        alias2 = alias or alias2
+        parameters = list(signature(func).parameters.values())
+        for param in parameters[1:]:
+            if (
+                param.kind not in {Parameter.VAR_POSITIONAL, Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD}
+                and param.default is Parameter.empty
+            ):
+                raise TypeError("Serialized method cannot have required parameter")
+        error_handler2 = error_handler
+        if error_handler is None:
+            error_handler2 = none_error_handler
+        if error_handler2 is Undefined:
+            error_handler2 = None
+        else:
+            wrapped = func
+
+            @wraps(wrapped)
+            def func(self):
+                try:
+                    return wrapped(self)
+                except Exception as error:
+                    return error_handler(error, self, alias2)
+
+        assert not isinstance(error_handler2, UndefinedType)
+        _serialized_methods[owner][alias2] = SerializedMethod(
+            func, alias2, conversion, error_handler2, order, schema
+        )
+
+    if isinstance(__arg, str):
+        alias = __arg
+        __arg = None
+    return method_registerer(__arg, owner, register)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/settings.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/settings.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4a26df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/settings.py
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+import warnings
+from inspect import Parameter
+from typing import Callable, Optional, Sequence
+
+from apischema import cache
+from apischema.aliases import Aliaser
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import DefaultConversion
+from apischema.conversions.converters import (
+    default_deserialization,
+    default_serialization,
+)
+from apischema.deserialization.coercion import Coercer, coerce as coerce_
+from apischema.json_schema import JsonSchemaVersion
+from apischema.objects import ObjectField
+from apischema.objects.fields import default_object_fields as default_object_fields_
+from apischema.schemas import Schema
+from apischema.serialization import PassThroughOptions
+from apischema.type_names import TypeName, default_type_name as default_type_name_
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.utils import to_camel_case
+
+
+class ResetCache(type):
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        super().__setattr__(name, value)
+        cache.reset()
+
+
+class MetaSettings(ResetCache):
+    @property
+    def camel_case(self) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @camel_case.setter
+    def camel_case(self, value: bool):
+        settings.aliaser = to_camel_case if value else lambda s: s
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        if name == "default_schema" and not isinstance(value, ResetCache):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "settings.default_schema is deprecated,"
+                " use settings.base_schema.type instead",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            assert self is settings
+            self.base_schema.type = value  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            super().__setattr__(name, value)
+
+
+class settings(metaclass=MetaSettings):
+    additional_properties: bool = False
+    aliaser: Aliaser = lambda s: s
+    default_object_fields: Callable[
+        [type], Optional[Sequence[ObjectField]]
+    ] = default_object_fields_
+    default_schema: Callable[[AnyType], Optional[Schema]] = lambda *_: None
+    default_type_name: Callable[[AnyType], Optional[TypeName]] = default_type_name_
+    json_schema_version: JsonSchemaVersion = JsonSchemaVersion.DRAFT_2020_12
+
+    class base_schema:
+        field: Callable[[AnyType, str, str], Optional[Schema]] = lambda *_: None
+        method: Callable[[AnyType, Callable, str], Optional[Schema]] = lambda *_: None
+        parameter: Callable[
+            [Callable, Parameter, str], Optional[Schema]
+        ] = lambda *_: None
+        type: Callable[[AnyType], Optional[Schema]] = lambda *_: None
+
+    class deserialization(metaclass=ResetCache):
+        coerce: bool = False
+        coercer: Coercer = coerce_
+        default_conversion: DefaultConversion = default_deserialization
+        fall_back_on_default: bool = False
+
+    class serialization(metaclass=ResetCache):
+        check_type: bool = False
+        fall_back_on_any: bool = False
+        default_conversion: DefaultConversion = default_serialization
+        exclude_defaults: bool = False
+        exclude_none: bool = False
+        exclude_unset: bool = True
+        pass_through: PassThroughOptions = PassThroughOptions()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/skip.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/skip.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21b6f5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/skip.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+__all__ = ["NotNull", "Skip"]
+from typing import TypeVar, Union
+
+from apischema.visitor import Unsupported
+
+Skip = Unsupported
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+try:
+    from apischema.typing import Annotated
+
+    NotNull = Union[T, Annotated[None, Skip]]
+except ImportError:
+
+    class _NotNull:
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            raise TypeError("NotNull requires Annotated (PEP 593)")
+
+    NotNull = _NotNull()  # type: ignore
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/std_types.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/std_types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2477cee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/std_types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import operator
+import re
+import sys
+from base64 import b64decode, b64encode
+from collections import deque
+from datetime import date, datetime, time
+from decimal import Decimal
+from ipaddress import (
+    IPv4Address,
+    IPv4Interface,
+    IPv4Network,
+    IPv6Address,
+    IPv6Interface,
+    IPv6Network,
+)
+from pathlib import (
+    Path,
+    PosixPath,
+    PurePath,
+    PurePosixPath,
+    PureWindowsPath,
+    WindowsPath,
+)
+from typing import Deque, List, TypeVar
+from uuid import UUID
+
+from apischema import deserializer, schema, serializer, type_name
+from apischema.conversions import Conversion, as_str
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+# =================== bytes =====================
+
+deserializer(Conversion(b64decode, source=str, target=bytes))
+
+
+@serializer
+def to_base64(b: bytes) -> str:
+    return b64encode(b).decode()
+
+
+type_name(graphql="Bytes")(bytes)
+schema(encoding="base64")(bytes)
+
+
+# ================ collections ==================
+
+deserializer(Conversion(deque, source=List[T], target=Deque[T]))
+serializer(Conversion(list, source=Deque[T], target=List[T]))
+if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+    deserializer(Conversion(deque, source=List, target=deque))
+    serializer(Conversion(list, source=deque, target=List))
+
+
+# ================== datetime ===================
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):  # pragma: no cover
+    for cls, format in [(date, "date"), (datetime, "date-time"), (time, "time")]:
+        deserializer(Conversion(cls.fromisoformat, source=str, target=cls))  # type: ignore
+        serializer(Conversion(cls.isoformat, source=cls, target=str))  # type: ignore
+        type_name(graphql=cls.__name__.capitalize())(cls)
+        schema(format=format)(cls)
+
+# ================== decimal ====================
+
+deserializer(Conversion(Decimal, source=float, target=Decimal))
+serializer(Conversion(float, source=Decimal, target=float))
+type_name(None)(Decimal)
+
+# ================= ipaddress ===================
+
+for classes, format in [
+    ((IPv4Address, IPv4Interface, IPv4Network), "ipv4"),
+    ((IPv6Address, IPv6Interface, IPv6Network), "ipv6"),
+]:
+    for cls in classes:
+        as_str(cls)
+        type_name(graphql=cls.__name__)(cls)
+        schema(format=format)(cls)
+
+# ==================== path =====================
+
+for cls in (PurePath, PurePosixPath, PureWindowsPath, Path, PosixPath, WindowsPath):
+    as_str(cls)
+    type_name(None)(cls)
+
+# =================== pattern ===================
+
+Pattern = type(re.compile(r""))
+deserializer(Conversion(re.compile, source=str, target=Pattern))
+serializer(Conversion(operator.attrgetter("pattern"), source=Pattern, target=str))
+type_name(None)(Pattern)
+
+# ==================== uuid =====================
+
+as_str(UUID)
+type_name(graphql="UUID")
+schema(format="uuid")(UUID)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/tagged_unions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/tagged_unions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ba97e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/tagged_unions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+__all__ = ["Tagged", "TaggedUnion", "get_tagged"]
+
+import warnings
+from dataclasses import InitVar, dataclass, field
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    ClassVar,
+    Generic,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.aliases import alias as alias_metadata
+from apischema.conversions.conversions import ConvOrFunc
+from apischema.metadata import conversion
+from apischema.metadata.keys import (
+    DEFAULT_AS_SET_METADATA,
+    FALL_BACK_ON_DEFAULT_METADATA,
+    FLATTEN_METADATA,
+    INIT_VAR_METADATA,
+    POST_INIT_METADATA,
+    PROPERTIES_METADATA,
+    REQUIRED_METADATA,
+    SKIP_METADATA,
+)
+from apischema.schemas import Schema, schema
+from apischema.types import Metadata, MetadataImplem, Undefined, UndefinedType
+from apischema.typing import get_type_hints
+from apischema.utils import PREFIX, get_args2, get_origin2, wrap_generic_init_subclass
+
+TAGS_ATTR = f"{PREFIX}tags"
+
+T = TypeVar("T", bound="TaggedUnion")
+V = TypeVar("V")
+
+
+class Tag(str, Generic[T, V]):
+    def __new__(cls, tag: str, type: Type[T]):
+        return super().__new__(cls, tag)
+
+    def __init__(self, tag: str, type: Type[T]):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.type = type
+
+    def __call__(self, value: V) -> T:
+        return self.type(**{self: value})  # type: ignore
+
+
+INVALID_METADATA = {
+    DEFAULT_AS_SET_METADATA,
+    FALL_BACK_ON_DEFAULT_METADATA,
+    INIT_VAR_METADATA,
+    FLATTEN_METADATA,
+    POST_INIT_METADATA,
+    PROPERTIES_METADATA,
+    REQUIRED_METADATA,
+    SKIP_METADATA,
+}
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Tagged(Generic[V]):
+    metadata: Metadata = field(default_factory=MetadataImplem)
+    alias: InitVar[Optional[str]] = None
+    schema: InitVar[Optional[Schema]] = None
+    deserialization: InitVar[Optional[ConvOrFunc]] = None
+    serialization: InitVar[Optional[ConvOrFunc]] = None
+
+    def __post_init__(
+        self,
+        alias: Optional[str],
+        schema: Optional[Schema],
+        deserialization: Optional[ConvOrFunc],
+        serialization: Optional[ConvOrFunc],
+    ):
+        if self.metadata is None or isinstance(self.metadata, str):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Tagged alias parameter is deprecated, use metadata instead"
+            )
+        if any(m is not None for m in (alias, schema, deserialization, serialization)):
+            metadata = self.metadata
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Tagged keyword parameters are deprecated,"
+                " use metadata parameter instead",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            if alias is not None:
+                metadata |= alias_metadata(alias)
+            if schema is not None:
+                metadata |= schema
+            if deserialization is not None or serialization is not None:
+                metadata |= conversion(deserialization, serialization)
+            object.__setattr__(self, "metadata", metadata)
+        if self.metadata.keys() & INVALID_METADATA:
+            raise TypeError("Invalid metadata in a TaggedUnion field")
+
+    @overload
+    def __get__(self, instance: None, owner: Type[T]) -> Tag[T, V]:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def __get__(self, instance: Any, owner) -> Union[V, UndefinedType]:
+        ...
+
+    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class TaggedUnion:
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        if len(kwargs) != 1:
+            raise ValueError("TaggedUnion constructor expects only one field")
+        tags = getattr(self, TAGS_ATTR)
+        for tag in tags:
+            setattr(self, tag, Undefined)
+        for tag, value in kwargs.items():
+            if tag not in tags:
+                raise TypeError(f"{type(self)} has no tag {tag}")
+            setattr(self, tag, value)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        tag, value = get_tagged(self)
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}({tag}={value!r})"
+
+    @wrap_generic_init_subclass
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+        tags = set(getattr(cls, TAGS_ATTR, ()))
+        types = get_type_hints(cls, include_extras=True)
+        for tag, tp in types.items():
+            if get_origin2(tp) == Tagged:
+                tagged = cls.__dict__.get(tag, Tagged())
+                setattr(cls, tag, field(default=Undefined, metadata=tagged.metadata))
+                cls.__annotations__[tag] = Union[
+                    get_args2(types[tag])[0], UndefinedType
+                ]
+                tags.add(tag)
+            elif tag not in tags:
+                if get_origin2(tp) != ClassVar:
+                    cls.__annotations__[tag] = ClassVar[tp]
+                else:
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Only Tagged or ClassVar fields are allowed in TaggedUnion"
+                    )
+        setattr(cls, TAGS_ATTR, tags)
+        schema(min_props=1, max_props=1)(dataclass(init=False, repr=False)(cls))
+        for tag in tags:
+            setattr(cls, tag, Tag(tag, cls))
+
+
+def get_tagged(tagged_union: TaggedUnion) -> Tuple[str, Any]:
+    defined = {
+        tag: getattr(tagged_union, tag)
+        for tag in getattr(tagged_union, TAGS_ATTR)
+        if getattr(tagged_union, tag) is not Undefined
+    }
+    return next(iter(defined.items()))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/type_names.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/type_names.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efd443c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/type_names.py
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+import collections.abc
+import warnings
+from contextlib import suppress
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Callable, MutableMapping, NamedTuple, Optional, TypeVar, Union
+
+from apischema.cache import CacheAwareDict
+from apischema.types import AnyType, PRIMITIVE_TYPES
+from apischema.typing import get_args, get_origin, is_named_tuple, is_type_var
+from apischema.utils import has_type_vars, merge_opts, replace_builtins
+
+
+class TypeName(NamedTuple):
+    json_schema: Optional[str] = None
+    graphql: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+NameOrFactory = Union[str, None, Callable[..., Optional[str]]]
+
+
+def _apply_args(name_or_factory: NameOrFactory, *args) -> Optional[str]:
+    return name_or_factory(*args) if callable(name_or_factory) else name_or_factory
+
+
+_type_names: MutableMapping[AnyType, "TypeNameFactory"] = CacheAwareDict({})
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class TypeNameFactory:
+    json_schema: NameOrFactory
+    graphql: NameOrFactory
+
+    def __call__(self, tp: T) -> T:
+        self.check_type(tp)
+        _type_names[replace_builtins(tp)] = self
+        return tp
+
+    def check_type(self, tp: AnyType):
+        if is_type_var(tp):
+            raise TypeError("TypeVar cannot have a type_name")
+        if has_type_vars(tp):
+            if get_args(tp):
+                raise TypeError("Generic alias cannot have a type_name")
+            elif isinstance(self.json_schema, str) or isinstance(self.graphql, str):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "Unspecialized generic type must used factory type_name"
+                )
+
+    def to_type_name(self, tp: AnyType, *args) -> TypeName:
+        self.check_type(tp)
+        return TypeName(
+            _apply_args(self.json_schema, tp, *args),
+            _apply_args(self.graphql, tp, *args),
+        )
+
+
+def type_name(
+    ref: NameOrFactory = None,
+    *,
+    json_schema: NameOrFactory = None,
+    graphql: NameOrFactory = None,
+) -> TypeNameFactory:
+    return TypeNameFactory(json_schema or ref, graphql or ref)
+
+
+no_type_name = {*PRIMITIVE_TYPES, Any}
+
+
+def default_type_name(tp: AnyType) -> Optional[TypeName]:
+    if (
+        hasattr(tp, "__name__")
+        and not get_args(tp)
+        and not has_type_vars(tp)
+        and tp not in no_type_name
+        and (
+            not isinstance(tp, type)
+            or not issubclass(tp, collections.abc.Collection)
+            or is_named_tuple(tp)
+        )
+    ):
+        return TypeName(tp.__name__, tp.__name__)
+    else:
+        return None
+
+
+def get_type_name(tp: AnyType) -> TypeName:
+    from apischema import settings
+
+    tp = replace_builtins(tp)
+    with suppress(KeyError, TypeError):
+        return _type_names[tp].to_type_name(tp)
+    origin, args = get_origin(tp), get_args(tp)
+    if args and not has_type_vars(tp):
+        with suppress(KeyError, TypeError):
+            return _type_names[origin].to_type_name(origin, *args)
+    return settings.default_type_name(tp) or TypeName()
+
+
+@merge_opts
+def merge_type_name(default: TypeName, override: TypeName) -> TypeName:
+    return TypeName(
+        override.json_schema or default.json_schema, override.graphql or default.graphql
+    )
+
+
+def schema_ref(ref: Optional[str]) -> Callable[[T], T]:
+    warnings.warn("schema_ref is deprecated, use type_name instead", DeprecationWarning)
+    return type_name(ref)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/types.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0064792
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+import collections.abc
+import sys
+from enum import Enum, auto
+from itertools import chain
+from types import MappingProxyType
+from typing import (
+    AbstractSet,
+    Any,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    FrozenSet,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    MutableSequence,
+    MutableSet,
+    Sequence,
+    Set,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    Union,
+)
+
+AnyType = Any
+NoneType: Type[None] = type(None)
+Number = Union[int, float]
+
+PRIMITIVE_TYPES = (str, int, bool, float, NoneType)
+COLLECTION_TYPES = (
+    Collection,
+    collections.abc.Collection,
+    Sequence,
+    collections.abc.Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    tuple,
+    MutableSequence,
+    collections.abc.MutableSequence,
+    List,
+    list,
+    AbstractSet,
+    collections.abc.Set,
+    FrozenSet,
+    frozenset,
+    MutableSet,
+    collections.abc.MutableSet,
+    Set,
+    set,
+)
+MAPPING_TYPES = (
+    Mapping,
+    collections.abc.Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    collections.abc.MutableMapping,
+    Dict,
+    dict,
+    MappingProxyType,
+)
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):  # pragma: no cover
+    OrderedDict = dict
+    ChainMap = collections.ChainMap
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+    OrderedDict = collections.OrderedDict
+
+    class ChainMap(collections.ChainMap):
+        def __iter__(self):
+            return iter({k: None for k in chain.from_iterable(reversed(self.maps))})
+
+
+class Metadata(Mapping[str, Any]):
+    def __or__(self, other: Mapping[str, Any]) -> "Metadata":
+        return MetadataImplem({**self, **other})
+
+    def __ror__(self, other: Mapping[str, Any]) -> "Metadata":
+        return MetadataImplem({**other, **self})
+
+
+class MetadataMixin(Metadata):
+    key: str
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        if key != self.key:
+            raise KeyError(key)
+        return self
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter((self.key,))
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return 1
+
+
+class MetadataImplem(dict, Metadata):  # type: ignore
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(tuple(sorted(self.items())))
+
+
+# Singleton type, see https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0484/#id30
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+
+    class UndefinedType(Enum):
+        Undefined = auto()
+
+    Undefined = UndefinedType.Undefined
+else:
+
+    class UndefinedType:
+        def __new__(cls):
+            return Undefined
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return "Undefined"
+
+        def __str__(self):
+            return "Undefined"
+
+        def __bool__(self):
+            return False
+
+    Undefined = object.__new__(UndefinedType)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/typing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/typing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e9c763
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/typing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+"""Kind of typing_extensions for this package"""
+__all__ = ["get_args", "get_origin", "get_type_hints"]
+
+import sys
+from types import ModuleType, new_class
+from typing import (  # type: ignore
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Generic,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+
+class _FakeType:
+    pass
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 9):  # pragma: no cover
+    from typing import Annotated, TypedDict, get_type_hints, get_origin, get_args
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+    try:
+        from typing_extensions import Annotated, TypedDict
+    except ImportError:
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+            from typing import TypedDict
+    try:
+        from typing_extensions import get_type_hints as gth
+    except ImportError:
+        from typing import get_type_hints as _gth
+
+        def gth(obj, globalns=None, localns=None, include_extras=False):  # type: ignore
+            return _gth(obj, globalns, localns)
+
+    def get_type_hints(  # type: ignore
+        obj, globalns=None, localns=None, include_extras=False
+    ):
+        # TODO This has been fixed in recent 3.7 and 3.8
+        # fix https://bugs.python.org/issue37838
+        if not isinstance(obj, (type, ModuleType)) and globalns is None:
+            nsobj = obj
+            while hasattr(nsobj, "__wrapped__"):
+                nsobj = nsobj.__wrapped__
+            globalns = getattr(nsobj, "__globals__", None)
+        localns = {"unicode": str, **(localns or {})}
+        return gth(obj, globalns, localns, include_extras)
+
+    try:
+        from typing_extensions import get_origin, get_args
+    except ImportError:
+
+        def _assemble_tree(tree: Tuple[Any]) -> Any:
+            if not isinstance(tree, tuple):
+                return tree
+            else:
+                origin, *args = tree  # type: ignore
+                if origin is Annotated:
+                    return Annotated[(_assemble_tree(args[0]), *args[1])]
+                else:
+                    return origin[tuple(map(_assemble_tree, args))]
+
+        def get_origin(tp):  # type: ignore
+            # In Python 3.6: List[Collection[T]][int].__args__ == int != Collection[int]
+            if hasattr(tp, "_subs_tree"):
+                tp = _assemble_tree(tp._subs_tree())
+            if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
+                return None if tp.__args__ is None else Annotated
+            if tp is Generic:
+                return Generic
+            return getattr(tp, "__origin__", None)
+
+        def get_args(tp):  # type: ignore
+            # In Python 3.6: List[Collection[T]][int].__args__ == int != Collection[int]
+            if hasattr(tp, "_subs_tree"):
+                tp = _assemble_tree(tp._subs_tree())
+            if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
+                return () if tp.__args__ is None else (tp.__args__[0], *tp.__metadata__)
+            # __args__ can be None in 3.6 inside __set_name__
+            res = getattr(tp, "__args__", ()) or ()
+            if get_origin(tp) is Callable and res[0] is not Ellipsis:
+                res = (list(res[:-1]), res[-1])
+            return res
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):  # pragma: no cover
+    from typing import Literal, Protocol  # noqa: F401
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+    try:
+        from typing_extensions import Literal, Protocol  # noqa: F401
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):
+    from typing import _collect_type_vars, ForwardRef  # type: ignore
+else:
+    from typing import _type_vars, _ForwardRef
+
+    _collect_type_vars = _type_vars
+
+    def ForwardRef(arg, is_argument):
+        return _ForwardRef(arg)
+
+
+try:
+    from typing import _strip_annotations  # type: ignore
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from typing_extensions import _strip_annotations  # type: ignore
+    except ImportError:
+
+        def _strip_annotations(t):
+            return t
+
+
+def _generic_mro(result, tp):
+    origin = get_origin(tp)
+    if origin is None:
+        origin = tp
+    result[origin] = tp
+    if hasattr(origin, "__orig_bases__"):
+        parameters = _collect_type_vars(origin.__orig_bases__)
+        substitution = dict(zip(parameters, get_args(tp)))
+        for base in origin.__orig_bases__:
+            if get_origin(base) in result:
+                continue
+            base_parameters = getattr(base, "__parameters__", ())
+            if base_parameters:
+                base = base[tuple(substitution.get(p, p) for p in base_parameters)]
+            _generic_mro(result, base)
+
+
+# sentinel value to avoid to subscript Generic and Protocol
+try:
+    BASE_GENERIC_MRO = {Generic: Generic, Protocol: Protocol}
+except NameError:
+    BASE_GENERIC_MRO = {Generic: Generic}
+
+
+def generic_mro(tp):
+    origin = get_origin(tp)
+    if origin is None and not hasattr(tp, "__orig_bases__"):
+        if not isinstance(tp, type):
+            raise TypeError(f"{tp!r} is not a type or a generic alias")
+        return tp.__mro__
+    result = BASE_GENERIC_MRO.copy()
+    _generic_mro(result, tp)
+    cls = origin if origin is not None else tp
+    return tuple(result.get(sub_cls, sub_cls) for sub_cls in cls.__mro__)
+
+
+def resolve_type_hints(obj: Any) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Wrap get_type_hints to resolve type vars in case of generic inheritance.
+
+    `obj` can also be a parametrized generic class."""
+    origin_or_obj = get_origin(obj) or obj
+    if isinstance(origin_or_obj, type):
+        hints = {}
+        for base in reversed(generic_mro(obj)):
+            base_origin = get_origin(base) or base
+            base_annotations = getattr(base_origin, "__dict__", {}).get(
+                "__annotations__", {}
+            )
+            substitution = dict(
+                zip(getattr(base_origin, "__parameters__", ()), get_args(base))
+            )
+            for name, hint in get_type_hints(base_origin, include_extras=True).items():
+                if name not in base_annotations:
+                    continue
+                if isinstance(hint, TypeVar):
+                    hints[name] = substitution.get(hint, hint)
+                elif getattr(hint, "__parameters__", ()):
+                    hints[name] = (Union if is_union(hint) else hint)[
+                        tuple(substitution.get(p, p) for p in hint.__parameters__)
+                    ]
+                else:
+                    hints[name] = hint
+        return hints
+    else:
+        return get_type_hints(obj, include_extras=True)
+
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+_GenericAlias: Any = type(Generic[_T])
+try:
+    _AnnotatedAlias: Any = type(Annotated[_T, ...])
+except NameError:
+    _AnnotatedAlias = _FakeType
+try:
+
+    class _TypedDictImplem(TypedDict):
+        pass
+
+    _LiteralMeta: Any = type(Literal)
+    _TypedDictMeta: Any = type(_TypedDictImplem)
+except NameError:
+    _LiteralMeta, _TypedDictMeta = _FakeType, _FakeType  # type: ignore
+
+
+def is_new_type(tp: Any) -> bool:
+    return hasattr(tp, "__supertype__")
+
+
+def is_annotated(tp: Any) -> bool:
+    try:
+        from typing import Annotated  # type: ignore
+
+        return get_origin(tp) == Annotated
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            from typing_extensions import Annotated  # type: ignore
+
+            return get_origin(tp) == Annotated
+        except ImportError:
+            return False
+
+
+def is_literal(tp: Any) -> bool:
+    try:
+        from typing import Literal
+
+        return get_origin(tp) == Literal or isinstance(tp, type(Literal))  # py36
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            from typing_extensions import Literal  # type: ignore
+
+            return get_origin(tp) == Literal or isinstance(tp, type(Literal))  # py36
+        except ImportError:
+            return False
+
+
+def is_named_tuple(tp: Any) -> bool:
+    return issubclass(tp, tuple) and hasattr(tp, "_fields")
+
+
+def is_typed_dict(tp: Any) -> bool:
+    try:
+        from typing import TypedDict
+
+        return isinstance(tp, type(new_class("_TypedDictImplem", (TypedDict,))))
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            from typing_extensions import TypedDict  # type: ignore
+
+            return isinstance(tp, type(new_class("_TypedDictImplem", (TypedDict,))))
+        except ImportError:
+            return False
+
+
+def is_type_var(tp: Any) -> bool:
+    return isinstance(tp, TypeVar)  # type: ignore
+
+
+# Don't use sys.version_info because it can also depend of typing_extensions version
+def required_keys(typed_dict: Type) -> Collection[str]:
+    assert is_typed_dict(typed_dict)
+    if hasattr(typed_dict, "__required_keys__"):
+        return typed_dict.__required_keys__
+    else:
+        required: Set[str] = set()
+        bases_annotations: Set = set()
+        for base in typed_dict.__bases__:
+            if not isinstance(base, _TypedDictMeta):
+                continue
+            bases_annotations.update(base.__annotations__)
+            required.update(required_keys(base))
+        if typed_dict.__total__:  # type: ignore
+            required.update(typed_dict.__annotations__.keys() - bases_annotations)
+        return required
+
+
+# py37/py38 get_origin of builtin wrapped generics return the unsubscriptable builtin
+# type.
+if (3, 7) <= sys.version_info < (3, 9):
+    import typing
+
+    TYPING_ALIASES = {
+        getattr(elt, "__origin__", None): elt for elt in typing.__dict__.values()
+    }
+
+    def typing_origin(origin: Any) -> Any:
+        return TYPING_ALIASES.get(origin, origin)
+
+else:
+    typing_origin = lambda tp: tp
+
+
+def is_type(tp: Any) -> bool:
+    """isinstance is not enough because in py39: isinstance(list[int], type) == True"""
+    return isinstance(tp, type) and not get_args(tp)
+
+
+def is_union(tp: Any) -> bool:
+    try:
+        from types import UnionType  # type: ignore
+
+        return tp in (UnionType, Union)
+    except ImportError:
+        return tp is Union
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33b187c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+import collections.abc
+import inspect
+import re
+import sys
+import warnings
+from contextlib import contextmanager, suppress
+from dataclasses import dataclass, is_dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import wraps
+from types import MappingProxyType
+from typing import (
+    AbstractSet,
+    Any,
+    Awaitable,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Container,
+    Dict,
+    Generic,
+    Hashable,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    NoReturn,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from apischema.types import (
+    AnyType,
+    COLLECTION_TYPES,
+    MAPPING_TYPES,
+    OrderedDict,
+    PRIMITIVE_TYPES,
+)
+from apischema.typing import (
+    _collect_type_vars,
+    generic_mro,
+    get_args,
+    get_origin,
+    get_type_hints,
+    is_annotated,
+    is_type_var,
+    is_union,
+    typing_origin,
+)
+
+try:
+    from apischema.typing import Annotated
+except ImportError:
+    Annotated = ...  # type: ignore
+
+PREFIX = "_apischema_"
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+U = TypeVar("U")
+
+
+def identity(x: T) -> T:
+    return x
+
+
+Lazy = Callable[[], T]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)  # dataclass enable equality check
+class LazyValue(Generic[T]):
+    default: T
+
+    def __call__(self) -> T:
+        return self.default
+
+
+if sys.version_info <= (3, 7):  # pragma: no cover
+    is_dataclass_ = is_dataclass
+
+    def is_dataclass(obj) -> bool:
+        return is_dataclass_(obj) and getattr(obj, "__origin__", None) is None
+
+
+def is_hashable(obj: Any) -> bool:
+    return isinstance(obj, collections.abc.Hashable)
+
+
+def opt_or(opt: Optional[T], default: U) -> Union[T, U]:
+    return opt if opt is not None else default
+
+
+def to_hashable(data: Union[None, int, float, str, bool, list, dict]) -> Hashable:
+    if isinstance(data, list):
+        return tuple(map(to_hashable, data))
+    if isinstance(data, dict):
+        return tuple(sorted((to_hashable(k), to_hashable(v)) for k, v in data.items()))
+    return data  # type: ignore
+
+
+SNAKE_CASE_REGEX = re.compile(r"_([a-z\d])")
+CAMEL_CASE_REGEX = re.compile(r"[a-z\d]([A-Z])")
+
+
+def to_camel_case(s: str) -> str:
+    return SNAKE_CASE_REGEX.sub(lambda m: m.group(1).upper(), s)
+
+
+def to_snake_case(s: str) -> str:
+    return CAMEL_CASE_REGEX.sub(lambda m: "_" + m.group(1).lower(), s)
+
+
+def to_pascal_case(s: str) -> str:
+    camel = to_camel_case(s)
+    return camel[0].upper() + camel[1:] if camel else camel
+
+
+MakeDataclassField = Union[Tuple[str, AnyType], Tuple[str, AnyType, Any]]
+
+
+def merge_opts(
+    func: Callable[[T, T], T]
+) -> Callable[[Optional[T], Optional[T]], Optional[T]]:
+    def wrapper(opt1, opt2):
+        if opt1 is None:
+            return opt2
+        if opt2 is None:
+            return opt1
+        return func(opt1, opt2)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+K = TypeVar("K")
+V = TypeVar("V")
+
+
+@merge_opts
+def merge_opts_mapping(m1: Mapping[K, V], m2: Mapping[K, V]) -> Mapping[K, V]:
+    return {**m1, **m2}
+
+
+def has_type_vars(tp: AnyType) -> bool:
+    return is_type_var(tp) or bool(getattr(tp, "__parameters__", ()))
+
+
+TV = AnyType  # TypeVar is not supported as a type
+# 10 should be enough for all builtin types
+_type_vars = [TypeVar(f"T{i}") for i in range(10)]
+
+
+def get_parameters(tp: AnyType) -> Iterable[TV]:
+    if hasattr(tp, "__parameters__"):
+        return tp.__parameters__
+    elif hasattr(tp, "__orig_bases__"):
+        return _collect_type_vars(tp.__orig_bases__)
+    elif is_type_var(tp):
+        return (tp,)
+    else:
+        return _type_vars
+
+
+def substitute_type_vars(tp: AnyType, substitution: Mapping[TV, AnyType]) -> AnyType:
+    if is_type_var(tp):
+        try:
+            return substitution[tp]
+        except KeyError:
+            return Union[tp.__constraints__] if tp.__constraints__ else Any
+    elif getattr(tp, "__parameters__", ()):
+        return (Union if is_union(tp) else tp)[
+            tuple(substitution.get(p, p) for p in tp.__parameters__)
+        ]
+    else:
+        return tp
+
+
+Func = TypeVar("Func", bound=Callable)
+
+
+def typed_wraps(wrapped: Func) -> Callable[[Callable], Func]:
+    return cast(Func, wraps(wrapped))
+
+
+def is_subclass(tp: AnyType, base: AnyType) -> bool:
+    tp, base = get_origin_or_type(tp), get_origin_or_type(base)
+    return tp == base or (
+        isinstance(tp, type) and isinstance(base, type) and issubclass(tp, base)
+    )
+
+
+def _annotated(tp: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+    return get_args(tp)[0] if is_annotated(tp) else tp
+
+
+def get_origin_or_type(tp: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+    origin = get_origin(tp)
+    return origin if origin is not None else tp
+
+
+def get_origin2(tp: AnyType) -> Optional[Type]:
+    return get_origin(_annotated(tp))
+
+
+def get_args2(tp: AnyType) -> Tuple[AnyType, ...]:
+    return get_args(_annotated(tp))
+
+
+def get_origin_or_type2(tp: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+    tp2 = _annotated(tp)
+    origin = get_origin(tp2)
+    return origin if origin is not None else tp2
+
+
+def keep_annotations(tp: AnyType, annotated: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+    return Annotated[(tp, *get_args(annotated)[1:])] if is_annotated(annotated) else tp
+
+
+def with_parameters(tp: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+    return tp[tp.__parameters__] if getattr(tp, "__parameters__", ()) else tp
+
+
+def is_union_of(tp: AnyType, of: AnyType) -> bool:
+    return tp == of or (is_union(get_origin_or_type2(tp)) and of in get_args2(tp))
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+    LIST_ORIGIN = List
+    SET_ORIGIN = Set
+    TUPLE_ORIGIN = Tuple
+    DICT_ORIGIN = Dict
+else:
+    LIST_ORIGIN = typing_origin(list)
+    SET_ORIGIN = typing_origin(set)
+    TUPLE_ORIGIN = typing_origin(tuple)
+    DICT_ORIGIN = typing_origin(dict)
+
+
+def replace_builtins(tp: AnyType) -> AnyType:
+    origin = get_origin2(tp)
+    if origin is None:
+        return tp
+    args = tuple(map(replace_builtins, get_args2(tp)))
+    replacement: Any
+    if origin in COLLECTION_TYPES:
+        if issubclass(origin, collections.abc.Set):
+            replacement = SET_ORIGIN
+        elif issubclass(origin, tuple) and (len(args) < 2 or args[1] is not ...):
+            replacement = TUPLE_ORIGIN
+        else:
+            replacement = LIST_ORIGIN
+    elif origin in MAPPING_TYPES:
+        replacement = DICT_ORIGIN
+    elif is_union(origin):
+        replacement = Union
+    else:
+        replacement = typing_origin(origin)
+    res = replacement[args] if args else replacement
+    return keep_annotations(res, tp)
+
+
+def sort_by_annotations_position(
+    cls: Type, elts: Collection[T], key: Callable[[T], str]
+) -> List[T]:
+    annotations: Dict[str, Any] = OrderedDict()
+    for base in reversed(cls.__mro__):
+        annotations.update(getattr(base, "__annotations__", ()))
+    positions = {key: i for i, key in enumerate(annotations)}
+    return sorted(elts, key=lambda elt: positions.get(key(elt), len(positions)))
+
+
+def stop_signature_abuse() -> NoReturn:
+    raise TypeError("Stop signature abuse")
+
+
+empty_dict: Mapping[str, Any] = MappingProxyType({})
+
+ITERABLE_TYPES = {
+    *COLLECTION_TYPES,
+    *MAPPING_TYPES,
+    Iterable,
+    collections.abc.Iterable,
+    Container,
+    collections.abc.Container,
+}
+
+
+def subtyping_substitution(
+    supertype: AnyType, subtype: AnyType
+) -> Tuple[Mapping[AnyType, AnyType], Mapping[AnyType, AnyType]]:
+    if not get_args(subtype) and not isinstance(subtype, type):
+        return {}, {}
+    supertype, subtype = with_parameters(supertype), with_parameters(subtype)
+    supertype_to_subtype, subtype_to_supertype = {}, {}
+    super_origin = get_origin_or_type2(supertype)
+    for base in generic_mro(subtype):
+        base_origin = get_origin_or_type2(base)
+        if base_origin == super_origin or (
+            base_origin in ITERABLE_TYPES and super_origin in ITERABLE_TYPES
+        ):
+            for base_arg, super_arg in zip(get_args2(base), get_args2(supertype)):
+                if is_type_var(super_arg):
+                    supertype_to_subtype[super_arg] = base_arg
+                if is_type_var(base_arg):
+                    subtype_to_supertype[base_arg] = super_arg
+            break
+    return supertype_to_subtype, subtype_to_supertype
+
+
+def literal_values(values: Sequence[Any]) -> Sequence[Any]:
+    primitive_values = [v.value if isinstance(v, Enum) else v for v in values]
+    if any(not isinstance(v, PRIMITIVE_TYPES) for v in primitive_values):
+        raise TypeError("Only primitive types are supported for Literal/Enum")
+    return primitive_values
+
+
+awaitable_origin = get_origin(Awaitable[Any])
+
+
+def is_async(func: Callable, types: Mapping[str, AnyType] = None) -> bool:
+    wrapped_func = func
+    while hasattr(wrapped_func, "__wrapped__"):
+        wrapped_func = wrapped_func.__wrapped__  # type: ignore
+    if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(wrapped_func):
+        return True
+    if types is None:
+        try:
+            types = get_type_hints(func)
+        except Exception:
+            types = {}
+    return get_origin_or_type2(types.get("return")) == awaitable_origin
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def context_setter(obj: Any):
+    dict_copy = obj.__dict__.copy()
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        obj.__dict__.clear()
+        obj.__dict__.update(dict_copy)
+
+
+def wrap_generic_init_subclass(init_subclass: Func) -> Func:
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):
+        return init_subclass
+
+    @wraps(init_subclass)
+    def wrapper(cls, **kwargs):
+        if getattr(cls, "__origin__", None) is not None:
+            super(cls).__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+            return
+        init_subclass(cls, **kwargs)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+# # Because hash of generic classes is changed by metaclass after __init_subclass__
+# # classes registered in global dictionaries are no more accessible. Here is a dictionary
+# # wrapper to fix this issue
+if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+    K = TypeVar("K")
+    V = TypeVar("V")
+
+    class KeyWrapper:
+        def __init__(self, key):
+            self.key = key
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            return self.key == self.key
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash(
+                id(self.key)
+                if getattr(self.key, "__origin__", ...) is None
+                else self.key
+            )
+
+    class type_dict_wrapper(MutableMapping[K, V]):
+        def __init__(self, wrapped: Dict[K, V]):
+            self.wrapped = cast(Dict[KeyWrapper, V], wrapped)
+
+        def __delitem__(self, key: K) -> None:
+            del self.wrapped[KeyWrapper(key)]
+
+        def __getitem__(self, key: K) -> V:
+            return self.wrapped[KeyWrapper(key)]
+
+        def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[K]:
+            return iter(wrapper.key for wrapper in list(self.wrapped))
+
+        def __len__(self) -> int:
+            return len(self.wrapped)
+
+        def __setitem__(self, key: K, value: V):
+            self.wrapped[KeyWrapper(key)] = value
+
+else:
+    M = TypeVar("M", bound=MutableMapping)
+
+    def type_dict_wrapper(wrapped: M) -> M:
+        return wrapped
+
+
+def deprecate_kwargs(
+    parameters_map: Mapping[str, Optional[str]]
+) -> Callable[[Func], Func]:
+    def decorator(func: Func) -> Func:
+        wrapped = func.__init__ if isinstance(func, type) else func  # type: ignore
+
+        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+            for param, replacement in parameters_map.items():
+                if param in kwargs:
+                    instead = f", use '{replacement}' instead" if replacement else ""
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        f"{func.__name__} parameter '{param}' is deprecated{instead}",
+                        DeprecationWarning,
+                    )
+                    arg = kwargs.pop(param)
+                    if replacement:
+                        kwargs[replacement] = kwargs.get(replacement, arg)
+            return wrapped(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        if isinstance(func, type):
+            func.__init__ = wraps(func.__init__)(wrapper)  # type: ignore
+            return cast(Func, func)
+        else:
+            return cast(Func, wraps(func)(wrapper))
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def as_predicate(
+    collection_or_predicate: Union[Collection[T], Callable[[T], bool]]
+) -> Callable[[T], bool]:
+    if not isinstance(collection_or_predicate, Collection):
+        return collection_or_predicate
+    collection = collection_or_predicate
+    if not isinstance(collection, AbstractSet):
+        with suppress(Exception):
+            collection = set(collection)
+
+    def wrapper(elt: T) -> bool:
+        try:
+            return elt in collection
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+
+    return wrapper
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92f3fa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "Discard",
+    "LocalizedError",
+    "ValidationError",
+    "ValidatorResult",
+    "get_validators",
+    "validate",
+    "validator",
+]
+
+from .errors import LocalizedError, ValidationError, ValidatorResult
+from .validators import Discard, get_validators, validate, validator
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/dependencies.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/dependencies.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fd005b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/dependencies.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import ast
+import inspect
+import textwrap
+from typing import AbstractSet, Callable, Collection, Dict, Set
+
+
+Dependencies = AbstractSet[str]
+
+
+class DependencyFinder(ast.NodeVisitor):
+    def __init__(self, param: str):
+        self.param = param
+        self.dependencies: Set[str] = set()
+
+    def visit_Attribute(self, node):
+        self.generic_visit(node)
+        if isinstance(node.value, ast.Name) and node.value.id == self.param:
+            self.dependencies.add(node.attr)
+
+    # TODO Add warning in case of function call with self in parameter
+    # or better, follow the call, but it would be too hard (local import, etc.)
+
+
+def first_parameter(func: Callable) -> str:
+    try:
+        return next(iter(inspect.signature(func).parameters))
+    except StopIteration:
+        raise TypeError("Cannot compute dependencies if no parameter")
+
+
+def find_dependencies(func: Callable) -> Dependencies:
+    try:
+        finder = DependencyFinder(first_parameter(func))
+        finder.visit(ast.parse(textwrap.dedent(inspect.getsource(func))))
+    except ValueError:
+        return set()
+    return finder.dependencies
+
+
+cache: Dict[Callable, Dependencies] = {}
+
+
+def find_all_dependencies(
+    cls: type, func: Callable, rec_guard: Collection[str] = ()
+) -> Dependencies:
+    """Dependencies contains class variables (because they can be "fake" ones as in
+    dataclasses)"""
+    if func not in cache:
+        dependencies = set(find_dependencies(func))
+        for attr in list(dependencies):
+            if not hasattr(cls, attr):
+                continue
+            member = getattr(cls, attr)
+            if isinstance(member, property):
+                member = member.fget
+            if callable(member):
+                dependencies.remove(attr)
+                if member in rec_guard:
+                    continue
+                rec_deps = find_all_dependencies(cls, member, {*rec_guard, member})
+                dependencies.update(rec_deps)
+        cache[func] = dependencies
+    return cache[func]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/errors.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/errors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a26560a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/errors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field, replace
+from functools import reduce
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Generator,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.aliases import Aliaser
+from apischema.objects import AliasedStr
+from apischema.utils import merge_opts
+
+try:
+    from apischema.typing import Annotated
+except ImportError:
+    Annotated = ...  # type: ignore
+
+ErrorMsg = str
+Error = Union[ErrorMsg, Tuple[Any, ErrorMsg]]
+# where  Any = Union[Field, int, str, Iterable[Union[Field, int, str,]]]
+# but Field being kind of magic not understood by type checkers, it's hidden behind Any
+ErrorKey = Union[str, int]
+T = TypeVar("T")
+ValidatorResult = Generator[Error, None, T]
+
+try:
+    from apischema.typing import TypedDict
+
+    class LocalizedError(TypedDict):
+        loc: Sequence[ErrorKey]
+        msg: ErrorMsg
+
+except ImportError:
+    LocalizedError = Mapping[str, Any]  # type: ignore
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ValidationError(Exception):
+    messages: Sequence[ErrorMsg] = field(default_factory=list)
+    children: Mapping[ErrorKey, "ValidationError"] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return repr(self)
+
+    def _errors(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[List[ErrorKey], ErrorMsg]]:
+        for msg in self.messages:
+            yield [], msg
+        for child_key in sorted(self.children):
+            for path, error in self.children[child_key]._errors():
+                yield [child_key, *path], error
+
+    @property
+    def errors(self) -> List[LocalizedError]:
+        return [{"loc": path, "msg": error} for path, error in self._errors()]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_errors(errors: Sequence[LocalizedError]) -> "ValidationError":
+        return reduce(
+            merge_errors,
+            [_rec_build_error(err["loc"], err["msg"]) for err in errors],
+            ValidationError(),
+        )
+
+
+@overload
+def merge_errors(
+    err1: Optional[ValidationError], err2: ValidationError
+) -> ValidationError:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def merge_errors(
+    err1: ValidationError, err2: Optional[ValidationError]
+) -> ValidationError:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def merge_errors(
+    err1: Optional[ValidationError], err2: Optional[ValidationError]
+) -> Optional[ValidationError]:
+    ...
+
+
+@merge_opts  # type: ignore
+def merge_errors(err1: ValidationError, err2: ValidationError) -> ValidationError:
+    if err1 is None:
+        return err2
+    if err2 is None:
+        return err1
+    return ValidationError(
+        [*err1.messages, *err2.messages],
+        {
+            key: merge_errors(  # type: ignore
+                err1.children.get(key), err2.children.get(key)
+            )
+            for key in err1.children.keys() | err2.children.keys()
+        },
+    )
+
+
+def apply_aliaser(error: ValidationError, aliaser: Aliaser) -> ValidationError:
+    aliased, aliased_children = False, {}
+    for key, child in error.children.items():
+        if isinstance(key, AliasedStr):
+            key = str(aliaser(key))  # str because it could be a str subclass
+            aliased = True
+        child2 = apply_aliaser(child, aliaser)
+        aliased |= child2 is not child
+        aliased_children[key] = child2
+    return replace(error, children=aliased_children) if aliased else error
+
+
+def _rec_build_error(path: Sequence[ErrorKey], msg: ErrorMsg) -> ValidationError:
+    if not path:
+        return ValidationError([msg])
+    else:
+        return ValidationError(children={path[0]: _rec_build_error(path[1:], msg)})
+
+
+def build_validation_error(errors: Iterable[Error]) -> ValidationError:
+    messages: List[ErrorMsg] = []
+    children: Dict[ErrorKey, ValidationError] = {}
+    for error in errors:
+        if isinstance(error, ErrorMsg):
+            messages.append(error)
+            continue
+        path, msg = error
+        if not path:
+            messages.append(msg)
+        else:
+            if isinstance(path, str) or not isinstance(path, Collection):
+                path = (path,)
+            key, *remain = path
+            children[key] = merge_errors(
+                children.get(key), _rec_build_error(remain, msg)
+            )
+    return ValidationError(messages, children)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/mock.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/mock.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4da4a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/mock.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from functools import partial
+from types import FunctionType, MethodType
+from typing import Any, Mapping, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING, Type, TypeVar
+
+from apischema.fields import FIELDS_SET_ATTR
+from apischema.objects import object_fields
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from apischema.validation.validators import Validator
+
+MOCK_FIELDS_FIELD = "__mock_fields__"
+MOCK_CLS_FIELD = "__mock_cls__"
+
+
+class NonTrivialDependency(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, attr: str):
+        self.attr = attr
+        self.validator: Optional["Validator"] = None
+
+
+@dataclass(init=False)
+class ValidatorMock:
+    def __init__(self, cls: Type, values: Mapping[str, Any]):
+        self.cls = cls
+        self.values = values
+
+    def __getattribute__(self, name: str) -> Any:
+        values = super().__getattribute__("values")
+        if name in values:
+            return values[name]
+        cls = super().__getattribute__("cls")
+        fields = object_fields(cls, deserialization=True)
+        if name in fields:
+            if fields[name].required:
+                raise NonTrivialDependency(name)
+            return fields[name].get_default()
+        if name == "__class__":
+            return cls
+        if name == "__dict__":
+            return {**values, FIELDS_SET_ATTR: set(values)}
+        if name == FIELDS_SET_ATTR:
+            return set(values)
+        if hasattr(cls, name):
+            member = getattr(cls, name)
+            # for classmethod (staticmethod are not handled)
+            if isinstance(member, MethodType):
+                return member
+            if isinstance(member, FunctionType):
+                return partial(member, self)
+            if isinstance(member, property):
+                return member.fget(self)  # type: ignore
+            return member
+        raise NonTrivialDependency(name)
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/validators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/validators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e418e9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/validation/validators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+from functools import wraps
+from inspect import Parameter, isgeneratorfunction, signature
+from itertools import chain
+from types import MethodType
+from typing import (
+    AbstractSet,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Collection,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from apischema.aliases import Aliaser
+from apischema.cache import CacheAwareDict
+from apischema.methods import is_method, method_class
+from apischema.objects import get_alias
+from apischema.objects.fields import FieldOrName, check_field_or_name, get_field_name
+from apischema.types import AnyType
+from apischema.typing import get_type_hints
+from apischema.utils import get_origin_or_type2
+from apischema.validation.dependencies import find_all_dependencies
+from apischema.validation.errors import (
+    ValidationError,
+    apply_aliaser,
+    build_validation_error,
+    merge_errors,
+)
+from apischema.validation.mock import NonTrivialDependency
+
+_validators: MutableMapping[Type, List["Validator"]] = CacheAwareDict(defaultdict(list))
+
+
+def get_validators(tp: AnyType) -> Sequence["Validator"]:
+    return list(
+        chain.from_iterable(_validators[cls] for cls in getattr(tp, "__mro__", [tp]))
+    )
+
+
+class Discard(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, fields: Optional[AbstractSet[str]], error: ValidationError):
+        self.fields = fields
+        self.error = error
+
+
+class Validator:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        func: Callable,
+        field: FieldOrName = None,
+        discard: Collection[FieldOrName] = None,
+    ):
+        wraps(func)(self)
+        self.func = func
+        self.field = field
+        # Cannot use field.name because fields are not yet initialized with __set_name__
+        if field is not None and discard is None:
+            self.discard: Optional[Collection[FieldOrName]] = (field,)
+        else:
+            self.discard = discard
+        self.dependencies: AbstractSet[str] = set()
+        try:
+            parameters = signature(func).parameters
+        except ValueError:
+            self.params: AbstractSet[str] = set()
+        else:
+            if not parameters:
+                raise TypeError("Validator must have at least one parameter")
+            if any(p.kind == Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD for p in parameters.values()):
+                raise TypeError("Validator cannot have variadic keyword parameter")
+            if any(p.kind == Parameter.VAR_POSITIONAL for p in parameters.values()):
+                raise TypeError("Validator cannot have variadic positional parameter")
+            self.params = set(list(parameters)[1:])
+        if isgeneratorfunction(func):
+
+            def validate(*args, **kwargs):
+                errors = list(func(*args, **kwargs))
+                if errors:
+                    raise build_validation_error(errors)
+
+            self.validate = validate
+
+        else:
+            self.validate = func
+
+    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
+        return self if instance is None else MethodType(self.func, instance)
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        raise RuntimeError("Method __set_name__ has not been called")
+
+    def _register(self, owner: Type):
+        self.owner = owner
+        self.dependencies = find_all_dependencies(owner, self.func) | self.params
+        _validators[owner].append(self)
+
+    def __set_name__(self, owner, name):
+        self._register(owner)
+        setattr(owner, name, self.func)
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+def validate(
+    obj: T,
+    validators: Iterable[Validator] = None,
+    kwargs: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+    *,
+    aliaser: Aliaser = lambda s: s,
+) -> T:
+    if validators is None:
+        validators = get_validators(obj.__class__)
+    else:
+        validators = list(validators)
+    error: Optional[ValidationError] = None
+    for i, validator in enumerate(validators):
+        try:
+            if not kwargs:
+                validator.validate(obj)
+            elif validator.params == kwargs.keys():
+                validator.validate(obj, **kwargs)
+            else:
+                validator.validate(obj, **{k: kwargs[k] for k in validator.params})
+        except ValidationError as e:
+            err = apply_aliaser(e, aliaser)
+        except NonTrivialDependency as exc:
+            exc.validator = validator
+            raise
+        except AssertionError:
+            raise
+        except Exception as e:
+            err = ValidationError([str(e)])
+        else:
+            continue
+        if validator.field is not None:
+            alias = getattr(get_alias(validator.owner), get_field_name(validator.field))
+            err = ValidationError(children={aliaser(alias): err})
+        error = merge_errors(error, err)
+        if validator.discard:
+            try:
+                discarded = set(map(get_field_name, validator.discard))
+                next_validators = (
+                    v for v in validators[i:] if v.dependencies.isdisjoint(discarded)
+                )
+                validate(obj, next_validators, kwargs, aliaser=aliaser)
+            except ValidationError as err:
+                raise merge_errors(error, err)
+            else:
+                raise error
+    if error is not None:
+        raise error
+    return obj
+
+
+V = TypeVar("V", bound=Callable)
+
+
+@overload
+def validator(func: V) -> V:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def validator(
+    field: Any = None, *, discard: Any = None, owner: Type = None
+) -> Callable[[V], V]:
+    ...
+
+
+def validator(arg=None, *, field=None, discard=None, owner=None):
+    if callable(arg):
+        validator_ = Validator(arg, field, discard)
+        if is_method(arg):
+            cls = method_class(arg)
+            if cls is None:
+                if owner is not None:
+                    raise TypeError("Validator owner cannot be set for class validator")
+                return validator_
+            elif owner is None:
+                owner = cls
+        if owner is None:
+            try:
+                first_param = next(iter(signature(arg).parameters))
+                owner = get_origin_or_type2(get_type_hints(arg)[first_param])
+            except Exception:
+                raise ValueError("Validator first parameter must be typed")
+        validator_._register(owner)
+        return arg
+    else:
+        field = field or arg
+        if field is not None:
+            check_field_or_name(field)
+        if discard is not None:
+            if not isinstance(discard, Collection) or isinstance(discard, str):
+                discard = [discard]
+            for discarded in discard:
+                check_field_or_name(discarded)
+        return lambda func: validator(func, field=field, discard=discard, owner=owner)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/visitor.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/visitor.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d94339e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/apischema/visitor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+import warnings
+from dataclasses import (  # type: ignore
+    Field,
+    InitVar,
+    _FIELDS,
+    _FIELD_CLASSVAR,
+    make_dataclass,
+)
+from enum import Enum
+from types import MappingProxyType
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Collection,
+    Generic,
+    Mapping,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from apischema.types import (
+    AnyType,
+    COLLECTION_TYPES,
+    MAPPING_TYPES,
+    OrderedDict,
+    PRIMITIVE_TYPES,
+)
+from apischema.typing import (
+    get_args,
+    get_origin,
+    get_type_hints,
+    is_annotated,
+    is_literal,
+    is_named_tuple,
+    is_type_var,
+    is_typed_dict,
+    is_union,
+    required_keys,
+    resolve_type_hints,
+)
+from apischema.utils import PREFIX, get_origin_or_type, has_type_vars, is_dataclass
+
+try:
+    from apischema.typing import Annotated
+except ImportError:
+    Annotated = ...  # type: ignore
+
+TUPLE_TYPE = get_origin(Tuple[Any])
+
+
+def dataclass_types_and_fields(
+    tp: AnyType,
+) -> Tuple[Mapping[str, AnyType], Sequence[Field], Sequence[Field]]:
+    from apischema.metadata.keys import INIT_VAR_METADATA
+
+    cls = get_origin_or_type(tp)
+    assert is_dataclass(cls)
+    types = resolve_type_hints(tp)
+    fields, init_fields = [], []
+    for field in getattr(cls, _FIELDS).values():
+        assert isinstance(field, Field)
+        if field._field_type == _FIELD_CLASSVAR:  # type: ignore
+            continue
+        field_type = types[field.name]
+        if isinstance(field_type, InitVar):
+            types[field.name] = field_type.type  # type: ignore
+            init_fields.append(field)
+        elif field_type is InitVar:
+            metadata = getattr(cls, _FIELDS)[field.name].metadata
+            if INIT_VAR_METADATA not in metadata:
+                raise TypeError("Before 3.8, InitVar requires init_var metadata")
+            init_field = (PREFIX, metadata[INIT_VAR_METADATA], ...)
+            tmp_cls = make_dataclass("Tmp", [init_field], bases=(cls,))  # type: ignore
+            types[field.name] = get_type_hints(tmp_cls, include_extras=True)[PREFIX]
+            if has_type_vars(types[field.name]):
+                raise TypeError("Generic InitVar are not supported before 3.8")
+            init_fields.append(field)
+        else:
+            fields.append(field)
+    # Use immutable return because of cache
+    return MappingProxyType(types), tuple(fields), tuple(init_fields)
+
+
+class Unsupported(TypeError):
+    def __init__(self, tp: AnyType):
+        self.type = tp
+
+    @property
+    def cls(self) -> AnyType:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Unsupported.cls is deprecated, use Unsupported.type instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return self.type
+
+
+Result = TypeVar("Result", covariant=True)
+
+
+class Visitor(Generic[Result]):
+    def annotated(self, tp: AnyType, annotations: Sequence[Any]) -> Result:
+        if Unsupported in annotations:
+            raise Unsupported(Annotated[(tp, *annotations)])  # type: ignore
+        return self.visit(tp)
+
+    def any(self) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def collection(self, cls: Type[Collection], value_type: AnyType) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def dataclass(
+        self,
+        tp: AnyType,
+        types: Mapping[str, AnyType],
+        fields: Sequence[Field],
+        init_vars: Sequence[Field],
+    ) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def enum(self, cls: Type[Enum]) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def literal(self, values: Sequence[Any]) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def mapping(
+        self, cls: Type[Mapping], key_type: AnyType, value_type: AnyType
+    ) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def named_tuple(
+        self, tp: AnyType, types: Mapping[str, AnyType], defaults: Mapping[str, Any]
+    ) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def new_type(self, tp: AnyType, super_type: AnyType) -> Result:
+        return self.visit(super_type)
+
+    def primitive(self, cls: Type) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def subprimitive(self, cls: Type, superclass: Type) -> Result:
+        return self.primitive(superclass)
+
+    def tuple(self, types: Sequence[AnyType]) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def typed_dict(
+        self, tp: AnyType, types: Mapping[str, AnyType], required_keys: Collection[str]
+    ) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def union(self, alternatives: Sequence[AnyType]) -> Result:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def unsupported(self, tp: AnyType) -> Result:
+        raise Unsupported(tp)
+
+    def visit(self, tp: AnyType) -> Result:
+        origin, args = get_origin_or_type(tp), get_args(tp)
+        if args:
+            if is_annotated(tp):
+                return self.annotated(args[0], args[1:])
+            if is_union(origin):
+                return self.union(args[0]) if len(args) == 1 else self.union(args)
+            if origin is TUPLE_TYPE:
+                if len(args) < 2 or args[1] is not ...:
+                    return self.tuple(args)
+            if origin in COLLECTION_TYPES:
+                return self.collection(origin, args[0])
+            if origin in MAPPING_TYPES:
+                return self.mapping(origin, args[0], args[1])
+            if is_literal(tp):  # pragma: no cover py37+
+                return self.literal(args)
+        if origin in PRIMITIVE_TYPES:
+            return self.primitive(origin)
+        if is_dataclass(origin):
+            return self.dataclass(tp, *dataclass_types_and_fields(tp))  # type: ignore
+        if hasattr(origin, "__supertype__"):
+            return self.new_type(origin, origin.__supertype__)
+        if origin is Any:
+            return self.any()
+        if origin in COLLECTION_TYPES:
+            return self.collection(origin, Any)
+        if origin in MAPPING_TYPES:
+            return self.mapping(origin, Any, Any)
+        if isinstance(origin, type):
+            if issubclass(origin, Enum):
+                return self.enum(origin)
+            for primitive in PRIMITIVE_TYPES:
+                if issubclass(origin, primitive):
+                    return self.subprimitive(origin, primitive)
+            # NamedTuple
+            if is_named_tuple(origin):
+                if hasattr(origin, "__annotations__"):
+                    types = resolve_type_hints(origin)
+                elif hasattr(origin, "__field_types"):  # pragma: no cover
+                    types = origin.__field_types  # type: ignore
+                else:  # pragma: no cover
+                    types = OrderedDict((f, Any) for f in origin._fields)  # type: ignore  # noqa: E501
+                return self.named_tuple(
+                    origin, types, origin._field_defaults  # type: ignore
+                )
+        if is_literal(origin):  # pragma: no cover py36
+            return self.literal(origin.__values__)  # type: ignore
+        if is_typed_dict(origin):
+            return self.typed_dict(
+                origin, resolve_type_hints(origin), required_keys(origin)
+            )
+        if is_type_var(origin):
+            if origin.__constraints__:
+                return self.visit(Union[origin.__constraints__])
+            else:
+                return self.any()
+        return self.unsupported(tp)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f95c96d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import sys
+
+from functools import partial
+
+from . import converters, exceptions, filters, setters, validators
+from ._cmp import cmp_using
+from ._config import get_run_validators, set_run_validators
+from ._funcs import asdict, assoc, astuple, evolve, has, resolve_types
+from ._make import (
+    NOTHING,
+    Attribute,
+    Factory,
+    attrib,
+    attrs,
+    fields,
+    fields_dict,
+    make_class,
+    validate,
+)
+from ._version_info import VersionInfo
+
+
+__version__ = "21.4.0"
+__version_info__ = VersionInfo._from_version_string(__version__)
+
+__title__ = "attrs"
+__description__ = "Classes Without Boilerplate"
+__url__ = "https://www.attrs.org/"
+__uri__ = __url__
+__doc__ = __description__ + " <" + __uri__ + ">"
+
+__author__ = "Hynek Schlawack"
+__email__ = "hs@ox.cx"
+
+__license__ = "MIT"
+__copyright__ = "Copyright (c) 2015 Hynek Schlawack"
+
+
+s = attributes = attrs
+ib = attr = attrib
+dataclass = partial(attrs, auto_attribs=True)  # happy Easter ;)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Attribute",
+    "Factory",
+    "NOTHING",
+    "asdict",
+    "assoc",
+    "astuple",
+    "attr",
+    "attrib",
+    "attributes",
+    "attrs",
+    "cmp_using",
+    "converters",
+    "evolve",
+    "exceptions",
+    "fields",
+    "fields_dict",
+    "filters",
+    "get_run_validators",
+    "has",
+    "ib",
+    "make_class",
+    "resolve_types",
+    "s",
+    "set_run_validators",
+    "setters",
+    "validate",
+    "validators",
+]
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 6):
+    from ._next_gen import define, field, frozen, mutable  # noqa: F401
+
+    __all__.extend(("define", "field", "frozen", "mutable"))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/__init__.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/__init__.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0a2126
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/__init__.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+import sys
+
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Generic,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    overload,
+)
+
+# `import X as X` is required to make these public
+from . import converters as converters
+from . import exceptions as exceptions
+from . import filters as filters
+from . import setters as setters
+from . import validators as validators
+from ._version_info import VersionInfo
+
+__version__: str
+__version_info__: VersionInfo
+__title__: str
+__description__: str
+__url__: str
+__uri__: str
+__author__: str
+__email__: str
+__license__: str
+__copyright__: str
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+_C = TypeVar("_C", bound=type)
+
+_EqOrderType = Union[bool, Callable[[Any], Any]]
+_ValidatorType = Callable[[Any, Attribute[_T], _T], Any]
+_ConverterType = Callable[[Any], Any]
+_FilterType = Callable[[Attribute[_T], _T], bool]
+_ReprType = Callable[[Any], str]
+_ReprArgType = Union[bool, _ReprType]
+_OnSetAttrType = Callable[[Any, Attribute[Any], Any], Any]
+_OnSetAttrArgType = Union[
+    _OnSetAttrType, List[_OnSetAttrType], setters._NoOpType
+]
+_FieldTransformer = Callable[
+    [type, List[Attribute[Any]]], List[Attribute[Any]]
+]
+_CompareWithType = Callable[[Any, Any], bool]
+# FIXME: in reality, if multiple validators are passed they must be in a list
+# or tuple, but those are invariant and so would prevent subtypes of
+# _ValidatorType from working when passed in a list or tuple.
+_ValidatorArgType = Union[_ValidatorType[_T], Sequence[_ValidatorType[_T]]]
+
+# _make --
+
+NOTHING: object
+
+# NOTE: Factory lies about its return type to make this possible:
+# `x: List[int] # = Factory(list)`
+# Work around mypy issue #4554 in the common case by using an overload.
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Literal
+    @overload
+    def Factory(factory: Callable[[], _T]) -> _T: ...
+    @overload
+    def Factory(
+        factory: Callable[[Any], _T],
+        takes_self: Literal[True],
+    ) -> _T: ...
+    @overload
+    def Factory(
+        factory: Callable[[], _T],
+        takes_self: Literal[False],
+    ) -> _T: ...
+
+else:
+    @overload
+    def Factory(factory: Callable[[], _T]) -> _T: ...
+    @overload
+    def Factory(
+        factory: Union[Callable[[Any], _T], Callable[[], _T]],
+        takes_self: bool = ...,
+    ) -> _T: ...
+
+# Static type inference support via __dataclass_transform__ implemented as per:
+# https://github.com/microsoft/pyright/blob/1.1.135/specs/dataclass_transforms.md
+# This annotation must be applied to all overloads of "define" and "attrs"
+#
+# NOTE: This is a typing construct and does not exist at runtime.  Extensions
+# wrapping attrs decorators should declare a separate __dataclass_transform__
+# signature in the extension module using the specification linked above to
+# provide pyright support.
+def __dataclass_transform__(
+    *,
+    eq_default: bool = True,
+    order_default: bool = False,
+    kw_only_default: bool = False,
+    field_descriptors: Tuple[Union[type, Callable[..., Any]], ...] = (()),
+) -> Callable[[_T], _T]: ...
+
+class Attribute(Generic[_T]):
+    name: str
+    default: Optional[_T]
+    validator: Optional[_ValidatorType[_T]]
+    repr: _ReprArgType
+    cmp: _EqOrderType
+    eq: _EqOrderType
+    order: _EqOrderType
+    hash: Optional[bool]
+    init: bool
+    converter: Optional[_ConverterType]
+    metadata: Dict[Any, Any]
+    type: Optional[Type[_T]]
+    kw_only: bool
+    on_setattr: _OnSetAttrType
+    def evolve(self, **changes: Any) -> "Attribute[Any]": ...
+
+# NOTE: We had several choices for the annotation to use for type arg:
+# 1) Type[_T]
+#   - Pros: Handles simple cases correctly
+#   - Cons: Might produce less informative errors in the case of conflicting
+#     TypeVars e.g. `attr.ib(default='bad', type=int)`
+# 2) Callable[..., _T]
+#   - Pros: Better error messages than #1 for conflicting TypeVars
+#   - Cons: Terrible error messages for validator checks.
+#   e.g. attr.ib(type=int, validator=validate_str)
+#        -> error: Cannot infer function type argument
+# 3) type (and do all of the work in the mypy plugin)
+#   - Pros: Simple here, and we could customize the plugin with our own errors.
+#   - Cons: Would need to write mypy plugin code to handle all the cases.
+# We chose option #1.
+
+# `attr` lies about its return type to make the following possible:
+#     attr()    -> Any
+#     attr(8)   -> int
+#     attr(validator=<some callable>)  -> Whatever the callable expects.
+# This makes this type of assignments possible:
+#     x: int = attr(8)
+#
+# This form catches explicit None or no default but with no other arguments
+# returns Any.
+@overload
+def attrib(
+    default: None = ...,
+    validator: None = ...,
+    repr: _ReprArgType = ...,
+    cmp: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    metadata: Optional[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    type: None = ...,
+    converter: None = ...,
+    factory: None = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+) -> Any: ...
+
+# This form catches an explicit None or no default and infers the type from the
+# other arguments.
+@overload
+def attrib(
+    default: None = ...,
+    validator: Optional[_ValidatorArgType[_T]] = ...,
+    repr: _ReprArgType = ...,
+    cmp: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    metadata: Optional[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    type: Optional[Type[_T]] = ...,
+    converter: Optional[_ConverterType] = ...,
+    factory: Optional[Callable[[], _T]] = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+) -> _T: ...
+
+# This form catches an explicit default argument.
+@overload
+def attrib(
+    default: _T,
+    validator: Optional[_ValidatorArgType[_T]] = ...,
+    repr: _ReprArgType = ...,
+    cmp: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    metadata: Optional[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    type: Optional[Type[_T]] = ...,
+    converter: Optional[_ConverterType] = ...,
+    factory: Optional[Callable[[], _T]] = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+) -> _T: ...
+
+# This form covers type=non-Type: e.g. forward references (str), Any
+@overload
+def attrib(
+    default: Optional[_T] = ...,
+    validator: Optional[_ValidatorArgType[_T]] = ...,
+    repr: _ReprArgType = ...,
+    cmp: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    metadata: Optional[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    type: object = ...,
+    converter: Optional[_ConverterType] = ...,
+    factory: Optional[Callable[[], _T]] = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+) -> Any: ...
+@overload
+def field(
+    *,
+    default: None = ...,
+    validator: None = ...,
+    repr: _ReprArgType = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    metadata: Optional[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    converter: None = ...,
+    factory: None = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    order: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+) -> Any: ...
+
+# This form catches an explicit None or no default and infers the type from the
+# other arguments.
+@overload
+def field(
+    *,
+    default: None = ...,
+    validator: Optional[_ValidatorArgType[_T]] = ...,
+    repr: _ReprArgType = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    metadata: Optional[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    converter: Optional[_ConverterType] = ...,
+    factory: Optional[Callable[[], _T]] = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+) -> _T: ...
+
+# This form catches an explicit default argument.
+@overload
+def field(
+    *,
+    default: _T,
+    validator: Optional[_ValidatorArgType[_T]] = ...,
+    repr: _ReprArgType = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    metadata: Optional[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    converter: Optional[_ConverterType] = ...,
+    factory: Optional[Callable[[], _T]] = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+) -> _T: ...
+
+# This form covers type=non-Type: e.g. forward references (str), Any
+@overload
+def field(
+    *,
+    default: Optional[_T] = ...,
+    validator: Optional[_ValidatorArgType[_T]] = ...,
+    repr: _ReprArgType = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    metadata: Optional[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    converter: Optional[_ConverterType] = ...,
+    factory: Optional[Callable[[], _T]] = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+) -> Any: ...
+@overload
+@__dataclass_transform__(order_default=True, field_descriptors=(attrib, field))
+def attrs(
+    maybe_cls: _C,
+    these: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = ...,
+    repr_ns: Optional[str] = ...,
+    repr: bool = ...,
+    cmp: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    slots: bool = ...,
+    frozen: bool = ...,
+    weakref_slot: bool = ...,
+    str: bool = ...,
+    auto_attribs: bool = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    cache_hash: bool = ...,
+    auto_exc: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    auto_detect: bool = ...,
+    collect_by_mro: bool = ...,
+    getstate_setstate: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+    field_transformer: Optional[_FieldTransformer] = ...,
+    match_args: bool = ...,
+) -> _C: ...
+@overload
+@__dataclass_transform__(order_default=True, field_descriptors=(attrib, field))
+def attrs(
+    maybe_cls: None = ...,
+    these: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = ...,
+    repr_ns: Optional[str] = ...,
+    repr: bool = ...,
+    cmp: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    slots: bool = ...,
+    frozen: bool = ...,
+    weakref_slot: bool = ...,
+    str: bool = ...,
+    auto_attribs: bool = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    cache_hash: bool = ...,
+    auto_exc: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    auto_detect: bool = ...,
+    collect_by_mro: bool = ...,
+    getstate_setstate: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+    field_transformer: Optional[_FieldTransformer] = ...,
+    match_args: bool = ...,
+) -> Callable[[_C], _C]: ...
+@overload
+@__dataclass_transform__(field_descriptors=(attrib, field))
+def define(
+    maybe_cls: _C,
+    *,
+    these: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = ...,
+    repr: bool = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    slots: bool = ...,
+    frozen: bool = ...,
+    weakref_slot: bool = ...,
+    str: bool = ...,
+    auto_attribs: bool = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    cache_hash: bool = ...,
+    auto_exc: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    order: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    auto_detect: bool = ...,
+    getstate_setstate: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+    field_transformer: Optional[_FieldTransformer] = ...,
+    match_args: bool = ...,
+) -> _C: ...
+@overload
+@__dataclass_transform__(field_descriptors=(attrib, field))
+def define(
+    maybe_cls: None = ...,
+    *,
+    these: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = ...,
+    repr: bool = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    slots: bool = ...,
+    frozen: bool = ...,
+    weakref_slot: bool = ...,
+    str: bool = ...,
+    auto_attribs: bool = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    cache_hash: bool = ...,
+    auto_exc: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    order: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    auto_detect: bool = ...,
+    getstate_setstate: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+    field_transformer: Optional[_FieldTransformer] = ...,
+    match_args: bool = ...,
+) -> Callable[[_C], _C]: ...
+
+mutable = define
+frozen = define  # they differ only in their defaults
+
+# TODO: add support for returning NamedTuple from the mypy plugin
+class _Fields(Tuple[Attribute[Any], ...]):
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Attribute[Any]: ...
+
+def fields(cls: type) -> _Fields: ...
+def fields_dict(cls: type) -> Dict[str, Attribute[Any]]: ...
+def validate(inst: Any) -> None: ...
+def resolve_types(
+    cls: _C,
+    globalns: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = ...,
+    localns: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = ...,
+    attribs: Optional[List[Attribute[Any]]] = ...,
+) -> _C: ...
+
+# TODO: add support for returning a proper attrs class from the mypy plugin
+# we use Any instead of _CountingAttr so that e.g. `make_class('Foo',
+# [attr.ib()])` is valid
+def make_class(
+    name: str,
+    attrs: Union[List[str], Tuple[str, ...], Dict[str, Any]],
+    bases: Tuple[type, ...] = ...,
+    repr_ns: Optional[str] = ...,
+    repr: bool = ...,
+    cmp: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    hash: Optional[bool] = ...,
+    init: bool = ...,
+    slots: bool = ...,
+    frozen: bool = ...,
+    weakref_slot: bool = ...,
+    str: bool = ...,
+    auto_attribs: bool = ...,
+    kw_only: bool = ...,
+    cache_hash: bool = ...,
+    auto_exc: bool = ...,
+    eq: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    order: Optional[_EqOrderType] = ...,
+    collect_by_mro: bool = ...,
+    on_setattr: Optional[_OnSetAttrArgType] = ...,
+    field_transformer: Optional[_FieldTransformer] = ...,
+) -> type: ...
+
+# _funcs --
+
+# TODO: add support for returning TypedDict from the mypy plugin
+# FIXME: asdict/astuple do not honor their factory args. Waiting on one of
+# these:
+# https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/4236
+# https://github.com/python/typing/issues/253
+# XXX: remember to fix attrs.asdict/astuple too!
+def asdict(
+    inst: Any,
+    recurse: bool = ...,
+    filter: Optional[_FilterType[Any]] = ...,
+    dict_factory: Type[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    retain_collection_types: bool = ...,
+    value_serializer: Optional[
+        Callable[[type, Attribute[Any], Any], Any]
+    ] = ...,
+    tuple_keys: Optional[bool] = ...,
+) -> Dict[str, Any]: ...
+
+# TODO: add support for returning NamedTuple from the mypy plugin
+def astuple(
+    inst: Any,
+    recurse: bool = ...,
+    filter: Optional[_FilterType[Any]] = ...,
+    tuple_factory: Type[Sequence[Any]] = ...,
+    retain_collection_types: bool = ...,
+) -> Tuple[Any, ...]: ...
+def has(cls: type) -> bool: ...
+def assoc(inst: _T, **changes: Any) -> _T: ...
+def evolve(inst: _T, **changes: Any) -> _T: ...
+
+# _config --
+
+def set_run_validators(run: bool) -> None: ...
+def get_run_validators() -> bool: ...
+
+# aliases --
+
+s = attributes = attrs
+ib = attr = attrib
+dataclass = attrs  # Technically, partial(attrs, auto_attribs=True) ;)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_cmp.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_cmp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cffa4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_cmp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import functools
+
+from ._compat import new_class
+from ._make import _make_ne
+
+
+_operation_names = {"eq": "==", "lt": "<", "le": "<=", "gt": ">", "ge": ">="}
+
+
+def cmp_using(
+    eq=None,
+    lt=None,
+    le=None,
+    gt=None,
+    ge=None,
+    require_same_type=True,
+    class_name="Comparable",
+):
+    """
+    Create a class that can be passed into `attr.ib`'s ``eq``, ``order``, and
+    ``cmp`` arguments to customize field comparison.
+
+    The resulting class will have a full set of ordering methods if
+    at least one of ``{lt, le, gt, ge}`` and ``eq``  are provided.
+
+    :param Optional[callable] eq: `callable` used to evaluate equality
+        of two objects.
+    :param Optional[callable] lt: `callable` used to evaluate whether
+        one object is less than another object.
+    :param Optional[callable] le: `callable` used to evaluate whether
+        one object is less than or equal to another object.
+    :param Optional[callable] gt: `callable` used to evaluate whether
+        one object is greater than another object.
+    :param Optional[callable] ge: `callable` used to evaluate whether
+        one object is greater than or equal to another object.
+
+    :param bool require_same_type: When `True`, equality and ordering methods
+        will return `NotImplemented` if objects are not of the same type.
+
+    :param Optional[str] class_name: Name of class. Defaults to 'Comparable'.
+
+    See `comparison` for more details.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.1.0
+    """
+
+    body = {
+        "__slots__": ["value"],
+        "__init__": _make_init(),
+        "_requirements": [],
+        "_is_comparable_to": _is_comparable_to,
+    }
+
+    # Add operations.
+    num_order_functions = 0
+    has_eq_function = False
+
+    if eq is not None:
+        has_eq_function = True
+        body["__eq__"] = _make_operator("eq", eq)
+        body["__ne__"] = _make_ne()
+
+    if lt is not None:
+        num_order_functions += 1
+        body["__lt__"] = _make_operator("lt", lt)
+
+    if le is not None:
+        num_order_functions += 1
+        body["__le__"] = _make_operator("le", le)
+
+    if gt is not None:
+        num_order_functions += 1
+        body["__gt__"] = _make_operator("gt", gt)
+
+    if ge is not None:
+        num_order_functions += 1
+        body["__ge__"] = _make_operator("ge", ge)
+
+    type_ = new_class(class_name, (object,), {}, lambda ns: ns.update(body))
+
+    # Add same type requirement.
+    if require_same_type:
+        type_._requirements.append(_check_same_type)
+
+    # Add total ordering if at least one operation was defined.
+    if 0 < num_order_functions < 4:
+        if not has_eq_function:
+            # functools.total_ordering requires __eq__ to be defined,
+            # so raise early error here to keep a nice stack.
+            raise ValueError(
+                "eq must be define is order to complete ordering from "
+                "lt, le, gt, ge."
+            )
+        type_ = functools.total_ordering(type_)
+
+    return type_
+
+
+def _make_init():
+    """
+    Create __init__ method.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        """
+        Initialize object with *value*.
+        """
+        self.value = value
+
+    return __init__
+
+
+def _make_operator(name, func):
+    """
+    Create operator method.
+    """
+
+    def method(self, other):
+        if not self._is_comparable_to(other):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        result = func(self.value, other.value)
+        if result is NotImplemented:
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return result
+
+    method.__name__ = "__%s__" % (name,)
+    method.__doc__ = "Return a %s b.  Computed by attrs." % (
+        _operation_names[name],
+    )
+
+    return method
+
+
+def _is_comparable_to(self, other):
+    """
+    Check whether `other` is comparable to `self`.
+    """
+    for func in self._requirements:
+        if not func(self, other):
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+def _check_same_type(self, other):
+    """
+    Return True if *self* and *other* are of the same type, False otherwise.
+    """
+    return other.value.__class__ is self.value.__class__
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_cmp.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_cmp.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e71aaff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_cmp.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from typing import Type
+
+from . import _CompareWithType
+
+def cmp_using(
+    eq: Optional[_CompareWithType],
+    lt: Optional[_CompareWithType],
+    le: Optional[_CompareWithType],
+    gt: Optional[_CompareWithType],
+    ge: Optional[_CompareWithType],
+    require_same_type: bool,
+    class_name: str,
+) -> Type: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc0cb02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import platform
+import sys
+import threading
+import types
+import warnings
+
+
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PYPY = platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy"
+PY36 = sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 6)
+HAS_F_STRINGS = PY36
+PY310 = sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10)
+
+
+if PYPY or PY36:
+    ordered_dict = dict
+else:
+    from collections import OrderedDict
+
+    ordered_dict = OrderedDict
+
+
+if PY2:
+    from collections import Mapping, Sequence
+
+    from UserDict import IterableUserDict
+
+    # We 'bundle' isclass instead of using inspect as importing inspect is
+    # fairly expensive (order of 10-15 ms for a modern machine in 2016)
+    def isclass(klass):
+        return isinstance(klass, (type, types.ClassType))
+
+    def new_class(name, bases, kwds, exec_body):
+        """
+        A minimal stub of types.new_class that we need for make_class.
+        """
+        ns = {}
+        exec_body(ns)
+
+        return type(name, bases, ns)
+
+    # TYPE is used in exceptions, repr(int) is different on Python 2 and 3.
+    TYPE = "type"
+
+    def iteritems(d):
+        return d.iteritems()
+
+    # Python 2 is bereft of a read-only dict proxy, so we make one!
+    class ReadOnlyDict(IterableUserDict):
+        """
+        Best-effort read-only dict wrapper.
+        """
+
+        def __setitem__(self, key, val):
+            # We gently pretend we're a Python 3 mappingproxy.
+            raise TypeError(
+                "'mappingproxy' object does not support item assignment"
+            )
+
+        def update(self, _):
+            # We gently pretend we're a Python 3 mappingproxy.
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "'mappingproxy' object has no attribute 'update'"
+            )
+
+        def __delitem__(self, _):
+            # We gently pretend we're a Python 3 mappingproxy.
+            raise TypeError(
+                "'mappingproxy' object does not support item deletion"
+            )
+
+        def clear(self):
+            # We gently pretend we're a Python 3 mappingproxy.
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "'mappingproxy' object has no attribute 'clear'"
+            )
+
+        def pop(self, key, default=None):
+            # We gently pretend we're a Python 3 mappingproxy.
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "'mappingproxy' object has no attribute 'pop'"
+            )
+
+        def popitem(self):
+            # We gently pretend we're a Python 3 mappingproxy.
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "'mappingproxy' object has no attribute 'popitem'"
+            )
+
+        def setdefault(self, key, default=None):
+            # We gently pretend we're a Python 3 mappingproxy.
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "'mappingproxy' object has no attribute 'setdefault'"
+            )
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            # Override to be identical to the Python 3 version.
+            return "mappingproxy(" + repr(self.data) + ")"
+
+    def metadata_proxy(d):
+        res = ReadOnlyDict()
+        res.data.update(d)  # We blocked update, so we have to do it like this.
+        return res
+
+    def just_warn(*args, **kw):  # pragma: no cover
+        """
+        We only warn on Python 3 because we are not aware of any concrete
+        consequences of not setting the cell on Python 2.
+        """
+
+else:  # Python 3 and later.
+    from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence  # noqa
+
+    def just_warn(*args, **kw):
+        """
+        We only warn on Python 3 because we are not aware of any concrete
+        consequences of not setting the cell on Python 2.
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Running interpreter doesn't sufficiently support code object "
+            "introspection.  Some features like bare super() or accessing "
+            "__class__ will not work with slotted classes.",
+            RuntimeWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+    def isclass(klass):
+        return isinstance(klass, type)
+
+    TYPE = "class"
+
+    def iteritems(d):
+        return d.items()
+
+    new_class = types.new_class
+
+    def metadata_proxy(d):
+        return types.MappingProxyType(dict(d))
+
+
+def make_set_closure_cell():
+    """Return a function of two arguments (cell, value) which sets
+    the value stored in the closure cell `cell` to `value`.
+    """
+    # pypy makes this easy. (It also supports the logic below, but
+    # why not do the easy/fast thing?)
+    if PYPY:
+
+        def set_closure_cell(cell, value):
+            cell.__setstate__((value,))
+
+        return set_closure_cell
+
+    # Otherwise gotta do it the hard way.
+
+    # Create a function that will set its first cellvar to `value`.
+    def set_first_cellvar_to(value):
+        x = value
+        return
+
+        # This function will be eliminated as dead code, but
+        # not before its reference to `x` forces `x` to be
+        # represented as a closure cell rather than a local.
+        def force_x_to_be_a_cell():  # pragma: no cover
+            return x
+
+    try:
+        # Extract the code object and make sure our assumptions about
+        # the closure behavior are correct.
+        if PY2:
+            co = set_first_cellvar_to.func_code
+        else:
+            co = set_first_cellvar_to.__code__
+        if co.co_cellvars != ("x",) or co.co_freevars != ():
+            raise AssertionError  # pragma: no cover
+
+        # Convert this code object to a code object that sets the
+        # function's first _freevar_ (not cellvar) to the argument.
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+            # CPython 3.8+ has an incompatible CodeType signature
+            # (added a posonlyargcount argument) but also added
+            # CodeType.replace() to do this without counting parameters.
+            set_first_freevar_code = co.replace(
+                co_cellvars=co.co_freevars, co_freevars=co.co_cellvars
+            )
+        else:
+            args = [co.co_argcount]
+            if not PY2:
+                args.append(co.co_kwonlyargcount)
+            args.extend(
+                [
+                    co.co_nlocals,
+                    co.co_stacksize,
+                    co.co_flags,
+                    co.co_code,
+                    co.co_consts,
+                    co.co_names,
+                    co.co_varnames,
+                    co.co_filename,
+                    co.co_name,
+                    co.co_firstlineno,
+                    co.co_lnotab,
+                    # These two arguments are reversed:
+                    co.co_cellvars,
+                    co.co_freevars,
+                ]
+            )
+            set_first_freevar_code = types.CodeType(*args)
+
+        def set_closure_cell(cell, value):
+            # Create a function using the set_first_freevar_code,
+            # whose first closure cell is `cell`. Calling it will
+            # change the value of that cell.
+            setter = types.FunctionType(
+                set_first_freevar_code, {}, "setter", (), (cell,)
+            )
+            # And call it to set the cell.
+            setter(value)
+
+        # Make sure it works on this interpreter:
+        def make_func_with_cell():
+            x = None
+
+            def func():
+                return x  # pragma: no cover
+
+            return func
+
+        if PY2:
+            cell = make_func_with_cell().func_closure[0]
+        else:
+            cell = make_func_with_cell().__closure__[0]
+        set_closure_cell(cell, 100)
+        if cell.cell_contents != 100:
+            raise AssertionError  # pragma: no cover
+
+    except Exception:
+        return just_warn
+    else:
+        return set_closure_cell
+
+
+set_closure_cell = make_set_closure_cell()
+
+# Thread-local global to track attrs instances which are already being repr'd.
+# This is needed because there is no other (thread-safe) way to pass info
+# about the instances that are already being repr'd through the call stack
+# in order to ensure we don't perform infinite recursion.
+#
+# For instance, if an instance contains a dict which contains that instance,
+# we need to know that we're already repr'ing the outside instance from within
+# the dict's repr() call.
+#
+# This lives here rather than in _make.py so that the functions in _make.py
+# don't have a direct reference to the thread-local in their globals dict.
+# If they have such a reference, it breaks cloudpickle.
+repr_context = threading.local()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_config.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc9be29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+
+__all__ = ["set_run_validators", "get_run_validators"]
+
+_run_validators = True
+
+
+def set_run_validators(run):
+    """
+    Set whether or not validators are run.  By default, they are run.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 21.3.0 It will not be removed, but it also will not be
+        moved to new ``attrs`` namespace. Use `attrs.validators.set_disabled()`
+        instead.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(run, bool):
+        raise TypeError("'run' must be bool.")
+    global _run_validators
+    _run_validators = run
+
+
+def get_run_validators():
+    """
+    Return whether or not validators are run.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 21.3.0 It will not be removed, but it also will not be
+        moved to new ``attrs`` namespace. Use `attrs.validators.get_disabled()`
+        instead.
+    """
+    return _run_validators
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_funcs.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_funcs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c90085
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_funcs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,422 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import copy
+
+from ._compat import iteritems
+from ._make import NOTHING, _obj_setattr, fields
+from .exceptions import AttrsAttributeNotFoundError
+
+
+def asdict(
+    inst,
+    recurse=True,
+    filter=None,
+    dict_factory=dict,
+    retain_collection_types=False,
+    value_serializer=None,
+):
+    """
+    Return the ``attrs`` attribute values of *inst* as a dict.
+
+    Optionally recurse into other ``attrs``-decorated classes.
+
+    :param inst: Instance of an ``attrs``-decorated class.
+    :param bool recurse: Recurse into classes that are also
+        ``attrs``-decorated.
+    :param callable filter: A callable whose return code determines whether an
+        attribute or element is included (``True``) or dropped (``False``).  Is
+        called with the `attrs.Attribute` as the first argument and the
+        value as the second argument.
+    :param callable dict_factory: A callable to produce dictionaries from.  For
+        example, to produce ordered dictionaries instead of normal Python
+        dictionaries, pass in ``collections.OrderedDict``.
+    :param bool retain_collection_types: Do not convert to ``list`` when
+        encountering an attribute whose type is ``tuple`` or ``set``.  Only
+        meaningful if ``recurse`` is ``True``.
+    :param Optional[callable] value_serializer: A hook that is called for every
+        attribute or dict key/value.  It receives the current instance, field
+        and value and must return the (updated) value.  The hook is run *after*
+        the optional *filter* has been applied.
+
+    :rtype: return type of *dict_factory*
+
+    :raise attr.exceptions.NotAnAttrsClassError: If *cls* is not an ``attrs``
+        class.
+
+    ..  versionadded:: 16.0.0 *dict_factory*
+    ..  versionadded:: 16.1.0 *retain_collection_types*
+    ..  versionadded:: 20.3.0 *value_serializer*
+    ..  versionadded:: 21.3.0 If a dict has a collection for a key, it is
+        serialized as a tuple.
+    """
+    attrs = fields(inst.__class__)
+    rv = dict_factory()
+    for a in attrs:
+        v = getattr(inst, a.name)
+        if filter is not None and not filter(a, v):
+            continue
+
+        if value_serializer is not None:
+            v = value_serializer(inst, a, v)
+
+        if recurse is True:
+            if has(v.__class__):
+                rv[a.name] = asdict(
+                    v,
+                    recurse=True,
+                    filter=filter,
+                    dict_factory=dict_factory,
+                    retain_collection_types=retain_collection_types,
+                    value_serializer=value_serializer,
+                )
+            elif isinstance(v, (tuple, list, set, frozenset)):
+                cf = v.__class__ if retain_collection_types is True else list
+                rv[a.name] = cf(
+                    [
+                        _asdict_anything(
+                            i,
+                            is_key=False,
+                            filter=filter,
+                            dict_factory=dict_factory,
+                            retain_collection_types=retain_collection_types,
+                            value_serializer=value_serializer,
+                        )
+                        for i in v
+                    ]
+                )
+            elif isinstance(v, dict):
+                df = dict_factory
+                rv[a.name] = df(
+                    (
+                        _asdict_anything(
+                            kk,
+                            is_key=True,
+                            filter=filter,
+                            dict_factory=df,
+                            retain_collection_types=retain_collection_types,
+                            value_serializer=value_serializer,
+                        ),
+                        _asdict_anything(
+                            vv,
+                            is_key=False,
+                            filter=filter,
+                            dict_factory=df,
+                            retain_collection_types=retain_collection_types,
+                            value_serializer=value_serializer,
+                        ),
+                    )
+                    for kk, vv in iteritems(v)
+                )
+            else:
+                rv[a.name] = v
+        else:
+            rv[a.name] = v
+    return rv
+
+
+def _asdict_anything(
+    val,
+    is_key,
+    filter,
+    dict_factory,
+    retain_collection_types,
+    value_serializer,
+):
+    """
+    ``asdict`` only works on attrs instances, this works on anything.
+    """
+    if getattr(val.__class__, "__attrs_attrs__", None) is not None:
+        # Attrs class.
+        rv = asdict(
+            val,
+            recurse=True,
+            filter=filter,
+            dict_factory=dict_factory,
+            retain_collection_types=retain_collection_types,
+            value_serializer=value_serializer,
+        )
+    elif isinstance(val, (tuple, list, set, frozenset)):
+        if retain_collection_types is True:
+            cf = val.__class__
+        elif is_key:
+            cf = tuple
+        else:
+            cf = list
+
+        rv = cf(
+            [
+                _asdict_anything(
+                    i,
+                    is_key=False,
+                    filter=filter,
+                    dict_factory=dict_factory,
+                    retain_collection_types=retain_collection_types,
+                    value_serializer=value_serializer,
+                )
+                for i in val
+            ]
+        )
+    elif isinstance(val, dict):
+        df = dict_factory
+        rv = df(
+            (
+                _asdict_anything(
+                    kk,
+                    is_key=True,
+                    filter=filter,
+                    dict_factory=df,
+                    retain_collection_types=retain_collection_types,
+                    value_serializer=value_serializer,
+                ),
+                _asdict_anything(
+                    vv,
+                    is_key=False,
+                    filter=filter,
+                    dict_factory=df,
+                    retain_collection_types=retain_collection_types,
+                    value_serializer=value_serializer,
+                ),
+            )
+            for kk, vv in iteritems(val)
+        )
+    else:
+        rv = val
+        if value_serializer is not None:
+            rv = value_serializer(None, None, rv)
+
+    return rv
+
+
+def astuple(
+    inst,
+    recurse=True,
+    filter=None,
+    tuple_factory=tuple,
+    retain_collection_types=False,
+):
+    """
+    Return the ``attrs`` attribute values of *inst* as a tuple.
+
+    Optionally recurse into other ``attrs``-decorated classes.
+
+    :param inst: Instance of an ``attrs``-decorated class.
+    :param bool recurse: Recurse into classes that are also
+        ``attrs``-decorated.
+    :param callable filter: A callable whose return code determines whether an
+        attribute or element is included (``True``) or dropped (``False``).  Is
+        called with the `attrs.Attribute` as the first argument and the
+        value as the second argument.
+    :param callable tuple_factory: A callable to produce tuples from.  For
+        example, to produce lists instead of tuples.
+    :param bool retain_collection_types: Do not convert to ``list``
+        or ``dict`` when encountering an attribute which type is
+        ``tuple``, ``dict`` or ``set``.  Only meaningful if ``recurse`` is
+        ``True``.
+
+    :rtype: return type of *tuple_factory*
+
+    :raise attr.exceptions.NotAnAttrsClassError: If *cls* is not an ``attrs``
+        class.
+
+    ..  versionadded:: 16.2.0
+    """
+    attrs = fields(inst.__class__)
+    rv = []
+    retain = retain_collection_types  # Very long. :/
+    for a in attrs:
+        v = getattr(inst, a.name)
+        if filter is not None and not filter(a, v):
+            continue
+        if recurse is True:
+            if has(v.__class__):
+                rv.append(
+                    astuple(
+                        v,
+                        recurse=True,
+                        filter=filter,
+                        tuple_factory=tuple_factory,
+                        retain_collection_types=retain,
+                    )
+                )
+            elif isinstance(v, (tuple, list, set, frozenset)):
+                cf = v.__class__ if retain is True else list
+                rv.append(
+                    cf(
+                        [
+                            astuple(
+                                j,
+                                recurse=True,
+                                filter=filter,
+                                tuple_factory=tuple_factory,
+                                retain_collection_types=retain,
+                            )
+                            if has(j.__class__)
+                            else j
+                            for j in v
+                        ]
+                    )
+                )
+            elif isinstance(v, dict):
+                df = v.__class__ if retain is True else dict
+                rv.append(
+                    df(
+                        (
+                            astuple(
+                                kk,
+                                tuple_factory=tuple_factory,
+                                retain_collection_types=retain,
+                            )
+                            if has(kk.__class__)
+                            else kk,
+                            astuple(
+                                vv,
+                                tuple_factory=tuple_factory,
+                                retain_collection_types=retain,
+                            )
+                            if has(vv.__class__)
+                            else vv,
+                        )
+                        for kk, vv in iteritems(v)
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                rv.append(v)
+        else:
+            rv.append(v)
+
+    return rv if tuple_factory is list else tuple_factory(rv)
+
+
+def has(cls):
+    """
+    Check whether *cls* is a class with ``attrs`` attributes.
+
+    :param type cls: Class to introspect.
+    :raise TypeError: If *cls* is not a class.
+
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    return getattr(cls, "__attrs_attrs__", None) is not None
+
+
+def assoc(inst, **changes):
+    """
+    Copy *inst* and apply *changes*.
+
+    :param inst: Instance of a class with ``attrs`` attributes.
+    :param changes: Keyword changes in the new copy.
+
+    :return: A copy of inst with *changes* incorporated.
+
+    :raise attr.exceptions.AttrsAttributeNotFoundError: If *attr_name* couldn't
+        be found on *cls*.
+    :raise attr.exceptions.NotAnAttrsClassError: If *cls* is not an ``attrs``
+        class.
+
+    ..  deprecated:: 17.1.0
+        Use `attrs.evolve` instead if you can.
+        This function will not be removed du to the slightly different approach
+        compared to `attrs.evolve`.
+    """
+    import warnings
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "assoc is deprecated and will be removed after 2018/01.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    new = copy.copy(inst)
+    attrs = fields(inst.__class__)
+    for k, v in iteritems(changes):
+        a = getattr(attrs, k, NOTHING)
+        if a is NOTHING:
+            raise AttrsAttributeNotFoundError(
+                "{k} is not an attrs attribute on {cl}.".format(
+                    k=k, cl=new.__class__
+                )
+            )
+        _obj_setattr(new, k, v)
+    return new
+
+
+def evolve(inst, **changes):
+    """
+    Create a new instance, based on *inst* with *changes* applied.
+
+    :param inst: Instance of a class with ``attrs`` attributes.
+    :param changes: Keyword changes in the new copy.
+
+    :return: A copy of inst with *changes* incorporated.
+
+    :raise TypeError: If *attr_name* couldn't be found in the class
+        ``__init__``.
+    :raise attr.exceptions.NotAnAttrsClassError: If *cls* is not an ``attrs``
+        class.
+
+    ..  versionadded:: 17.1.0
+    """
+    cls = inst.__class__
+    attrs = fields(cls)
+    for a in attrs:
+        if not a.init:
+            continue
+        attr_name = a.name  # To deal with private attributes.
+        init_name = attr_name if attr_name[0] != "_" else attr_name[1:]
+        if init_name not in changes:
+            changes[init_name] = getattr(inst, attr_name)
+
+    return cls(**changes)
+
+
+def resolve_types(cls, globalns=None, localns=None, attribs=None):
+    """
+    Resolve any strings and forward annotations in type annotations.
+
+    This is only required if you need concrete types in `Attribute`'s *type*
+    field. In other words, you don't need to resolve your types if you only
+    use them for static type checking.
+
+    With no arguments, names will be looked up in the module in which the class
+    was created. If this is not what you want, e.g. if the name only exists
+    inside a method, you may pass *globalns* or *localns* to specify other
+    dictionaries in which to look up these names. See the docs of
+    `typing.get_type_hints` for more details.
+
+    :param type cls: Class to resolve.
+    :param Optional[dict] globalns: Dictionary containing global variables.
+    :param Optional[dict] localns: Dictionary containing local variables.
+    :param Optional[list] attribs: List of attribs for the given class.
+        This is necessary when calling from inside a ``field_transformer``
+        since *cls* is not an ``attrs`` class yet.
+
+    :raise TypeError: If *cls* is not a class.
+    :raise attr.exceptions.NotAnAttrsClassError: If *cls* is not an ``attrs``
+        class and you didn't pass any attribs.
+    :raise NameError: If types cannot be resolved because of missing variables.
+
+    :returns: *cls* so you can use this function also as a class decorator.
+        Please note that you have to apply it **after** `attrs.define`. That
+        means the decorator has to come in the line **before** `attrs.define`.
+
+    ..  versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    ..  versionadded:: 21.1.0 *attribs*
+
+    """
+    # Since calling get_type_hints is expensive we cache whether we've
+    # done it already.
+    if getattr(cls, "__attrs_types_resolved__", None) != cls:
+        import typing
+
+        hints = typing.get_type_hints(cls, globalns=globalns, localns=localns)
+        for field in fields(cls) if attribs is None else attribs:
+            if field.name in hints:
+                # Since fields have been frozen we must work around it.
+                _obj_setattr(field, "type", hints[field.name])
+        # We store the class we resolved so that subclasses know they haven't
+        # been resolved.
+        cls.__attrs_types_resolved__ = cls
+
+    # Return the class so you can use it as a decorator too.
+    return cls
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_make.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_make.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d46f8a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_make.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3173 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import copy
+import inspect
+import linecache
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+from operator import itemgetter
+
+# We need to import _compat itself in addition to the _compat members to avoid
+# having the thread-local in the globals here.
+from . import _compat, _config, setters
+from ._compat import (
+    HAS_F_STRINGS,
+    PY2,
+    PY310,
+    PYPY,
+    isclass,
+    iteritems,
+    metadata_proxy,
+    new_class,
+    ordered_dict,
+    set_closure_cell,
+)
+from .exceptions import (
+    DefaultAlreadySetError,
+    FrozenInstanceError,
+    NotAnAttrsClassError,
+    PythonTooOldError,
+    UnannotatedAttributeError,
+)
+
+
+if not PY2:
+    import typing
+
+
+# This is used at least twice, so cache it here.
+_obj_setattr = object.__setattr__
+_init_converter_pat = "__attr_converter_%s"
+_init_factory_pat = "__attr_factory_{}"
+_tuple_property_pat = (
+    "    {attr_name} = _attrs_property(_attrs_itemgetter({index}))"
+)
+_classvar_prefixes = (
+    "typing.ClassVar",
+    "t.ClassVar",
+    "ClassVar",
+    "typing_extensions.ClassVar",
+)
+# we don't use a double-underscore prefix because that triggers
+# name mangling when trying to create a slot for the field
+# (when slots=True)
+_hash_cache_field = "_attrs_cached_hash"
+
+_empty_metadata_singleton = metadata_proxy({})
+
+# Unique object for unequivocal getattr() defaults.
+_sentinel = object()
+
+_ng_default_on_setattr = setters.pipe(setters.convert, setters.validate)
+
+
+class _Nothing(object):
+    """
+    Sentinel class to indicate the lack of a value when ``None`` is ambiguous.
+
+    ``_Nothing`` is a singleton. There is only ever one of it.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 21.1.0 ``bool(NOTHING)`` is now False.
+    """
+
+    _singleton = None
+
+    def __new__(cls):
+        if _Nothing._singleton is None:
+            _Nothing._singleton = super(_Nothing, cls).__new__(cls)
+        return _Nothing._singleton
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "NOTHING"
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return 0  # __bool__ for Python 2
+
+
+NOTHING = _Nothing()
+"""
+Sentinel to indicate the lack of a value when ``None`` is ambiguous.
+"""
+
+
+class _CacheHashWrapper(int):
+    """
+    An integer subclass that pickles / copies as None
+
+    This is used for non-slots classes with ``cache_hash=True``, to avoid
+    serializing a potentially (even likely) invalid hash value. Since ``None``
+    is the default value for uncalculated hashes, whenever this is copied,
+    the copy's value for the hash should automatically reset.
+
+    See GH #613 for more details.
+    """
+
+    if PY2:
+        # For some reason `type(None)` isn't callable in Python 2, but we don't
+        # actually need a constructor for None objects, we just need any
+        # available function that returns None.
+        def __reduce__(self, _none_constructor=getattr, _args=(0, "", None)):
+            return _none_constructor, _args
+
+    else:
+
+        def __reduce__(self, _none_constructor=type(None), _args=()):
+            return _none_constructor, _args
+
+
+def attrib(
+    default=NOTHING,
+    validator=None,
+    repr=True,
+    cmp=None,
+    hash=None,
+    init=True,
+    metadata=None,
+    type=None,
+    converter=None,
+    factory=None,
+    kw_only=False,
+    eq=None,
+    order=None,
+    on_setattr=None,
+):
+    """
+    Create a new attribute on a class.
+
+    ..  warning::
+
+        Does *not* do anything unless the class is also decorated with
+        `attr.s`!
+
+    :param default: A value that is used if an ``attrs``-generated ``__init__``
+        is used and no value is passed while instantiating or the attribute is
+        excluded using ``init=False``.
+
+        If the value is an instance of `attrs.Factory`, its callable will be
+        used to construct a new value (useful for mutable data types like lists
+        or dicts).
+
+        If a default is not set (or set manually to `attrs.NOTHING`), a value
+        *must* be supplied when instantiating; otherwise a `TypeError`
+        will be raised.
+
+        The default can also be set using decorator notation as shown below.
+
+    :type default: Any value
+
+    :param callable factory: Syntactic sugar for
+        ``default=attr.Factory(factory)``.
+
+    :param validator: `callable` that is called by ``attrs``-generated
+        ``__init__`` methods after the instance has been initialized.  They
+        receive the initialized instance, the :func:`~attrs.Attribute`, and the
+        passed value.
+
+        The return value is *not* inspected so the validator has to throw an
+        exception itself.
+
+        If a `list` is passed, its items are treated as validators and must
+        all pass.
+
+        Validators can be globally disabled and re-enabled using
+        `get_run_validators`.
+
+        The validator can also be set using decorator notation as shown below.
+
+    :type validator: `callable` or a `list` of `callable`\\ s.
+
+    :param repr: Include this attribute in the generated ``__repr__``
+        method. If ``True``, include the attribute; if ``False``, omit it. By
+        default, the built-in ``repr()`` function is used. To override how the
+        attribute value is formatted, pass a ``callable`` that takes a single
+        value and returns a string. Note that the resulting string is used
+        as-is, i.e. it will be used directly *instead* of calling ``repr()``
+        (the default).
+    :type repr: a `bool` or a `callable` to use a custom function.
+
+    :param eq: If ``True`` (default), include this attribute in the
+        generated ``__eq__`` and ``__ne__`` methods that check two instances
+        for equality. To override how the attribute value is compared,
+        pass a ``callable`` that takes a single value and returns the value
+        to be compared.
+    :type eq: a `bool` or a `callable`.
+
+    :param order: If ``True`` (default), include this attributes in the
+        generated ``__lt__``, ``__le__``, ``__gt__`` and ``__ge__`` methods.
+        To override how the attribute value is ordered,
+        pass a ``callable`` that takes a single value and returns the value
+        to be ordered.
+    :type order: a `bool` or a `callable`.
+
+    :param cmp: Setting *cmp* is equivalent to setting *eq* and *order* to the
+        same value. Must not be mixed with *eq* or *order*.
+    :type cmp: a `bool` or a `callable`.
+
+    :param Optional[bool] hash: Include this attribute in the generated
+        ``__hash__`` method.  If ``None`` (default), mirror *eq*'s value.  This
+        is the correct behavior according the Python spec.  Setting this value
+        to anything else than ``None`` is *discouraged*.
+    :param bool init: Include this attribute in the generated ``__init__``
+        method.  It is possible to set this to ``False`` and set a default
+        value.  In that case this attributed is unconditionally initialized
+        with the specified default value or factory.
+    :param callable converter: `callable` that is called by
+        ``attrs``-generated ``__init__`` methods to convert attribute's value
+        to the desired format.  It is given the passed-in value, and the
+        returned value will be used as the new value of the attribute.  The
+        value is converted before being passed to the validator, if any.
+    :param metadata: An arbitrary mapping, to be used by third-party
+        components.  See `extending_metadata`.
+    :param type: The type of the attribute.  In Python 3.6 or greater, the
+        preferred method to specify the type is using a variable annotation
+        (see `PEP 526 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0526/>`_).
+        This argument is provided for backward compatibility.
+        Regardless of the approach used, the type will be stored on
+        ``Attribute.type``.
+
+        Please note that ``attrs`` doesn't do anything with this metadata by
+        itself. You can use it as part of your own code or for
+        `static type checking <types>`.
+    :param kw_only: Make this attribute keyword-only (Python 3+)
+        in the generated ``__init__`` (if ``init`` is ``False``, this
+        parameter is ignored).
+    :param on_setattr: Allows to overwrite the *on_setattr* setting from
+        `attr.s`. If left `None`, the *on_setattr* value from `attr.s` is used.
+        Set to `attrs.setters.NO_OP` to run **no** `setattr` hooks for this
+        attribute -- regardless of the setting in `attr.s`.
+    :type on_setattr: `callable`, or a list of callables, or `None`, or
+        `attrs.setters.NO_OP`
+
+    .. versionadded:: 15.2.0 *convert*
+    .. versionadded:: 16.3.0 *metadata*
+    .. versionchanged:: 17.1.0 *validator* can be a ``list`` now.
+    .. versionchanged:: 17.1.0
+       *hash* is ``None`` and therefore mirrors *eq* by default.
+    .. versionadded:: 17.3.0 *type*
+    .. deprecated:: 17.4.0 *convert*
+    .. versionadded:: 17.4.0 *converter* as a replacement for the deprecated
+       *convert* to achieve consistency with other noun-based arguments.
+    .. versionadded:: 18.1.0
+       ``factory=f`` is syntactic sugar for ``default=attr.Factory(f)``.
+    .. versionadded:: 18.2.0 *kw_only*
+    .. versionchanged:: 19.2.0 *convert* keyword argument removed.
+    .. versionchanged:: 19.2.0 *repr* also accepts a custom callable.
+    .. deprecated:: 19.2.0 *cmp* Removal on or after 2021-06-01.
+    .. versionadded:: 19.2.0 *eq* and *order*
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0 *on_setattr*
+    .. versionchanged:: 20.3.0 *kw_only* backported to Python 2
+    .. versionchanged:: 21.1.0
+       *eq*, *order*, and *cmp* also accept a custom callable
+    .. versionchanged:: 21.1.0 *cmp* undeprecated
+    """
+    eq, eq_key, order, order_key = _determine_attrib_eq_order(
+        cmp, eq, order, True
+    )
+
+    if hash is not None and hash is not True and hash is not False:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "Invalid value for hash.  Must be True, False, or None."
+        )
+
+    if factory is not None:
+        if default is not NOTHING:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "The `default` and `factory` arguments are mutually "
+                "exclusive."
+            )
+        if not callable(factory):
+            raise ValueError("The `factory` argument must be a callable.")
+        default = Factory(factory)
+
+    if metadata is None:
+        metadata = {}
+
+    # Apply syntactic sugar by auto-wrapping.
+    if isinstance(on_setattr, (list, tuple)):
+        on_setattr = setters.pipe(*on_setattr)
+
+    if validator and isinstance(validator, (list, tuple)):
+        validator = and_(*validator)
+
+    if converter and isinstance(converter, (list, tuple)):
+        converter = pipe(*converter)
+
+    return _CountingAttr(
+        default=default,
+        validator=validator,
+        repr=repr,
+        cmp=None,
+        hash=hash,
+        init=init,
+        converter=converter,
+        metadata=metadata,
+        type=type,
+        kw_only=kw_only,
+        eq=eq,
+        eq_key=eq_key,
+        order=order,
+        order_key=order_key,
+        on_setattr=on_setattr,
+    )
+
+
+def _compile_and_eval(script, globs, locs=None, filename=""):
+    """
+    "Exec" the script with the given global (globs) and local (locs) variables.
+    """
+    bytecode = compile(script, filename, "exec")
+    eval(bytecode, globs, locs)
+
+
+def _make_method(name, script, filename, globs=None):
+    """
+    Create the method with the script given and return the method object.
+    """
+    locs = {}
+    if globs is None:
+        globs = {}
+
+    # In order of debuggers like PDB being able to step through the code,
+    # we add a fake linecache entry.
+    count = 1
+    base_filename = filename
+    while True:
+        linecache_tuple = (
+            len(script),
+            None,
+            script.splitlines(True),
+            filename,
+        )
+        old_val = linecache.cache.setdefault(filename, linecache_tuple)
+        if old_val == linecache_tuple:
+            break
+        else:
+            filename = "{}-{}>".format(base_filename[:-1], count)
+            count += 1
+
+    _compile_and_eval(script, globs, locs, filename)
+
+    return locs[name]
+
+
+def _make_attr_tuple_class(cls_name, attr_names):
+    """
+    Create a tuple subclass to hold `Attribute`s for an `attrs` class.
+
+    The subclass is a bare tuple with properties for names.
+
+    class MyClassAttributes(tuple):
+        __slots__ = ()
+        x = property(itemgetter(0))
+    """
+    attr_class_name = "{}Attributes".format(cls_name)
+    attr_class_template = [
+        "class {}(tuple):".format(attr_class_name),
+        "    __slots__ = ()",
+    ]
+    if attr_names:
+        for i, attr_name in enumerate(attr_names):
+            attr_class_template.append(
+                _tuple_property_pat.format(index=i, attr_name=attr_name)
+            )
+    else:
+        attr_class_template.append("    pass")
+    globs = {"_attrs_itemgetter": itemgetter, "_attrs_property": property}
+    _compile_and_eval("\n".join(attr_class_template), globs)
+    return globs[attr_class_name]
+
+
+# Tuple class for extracted attributes from a class definition.
+# `base_attrs` is a subset of `attrs`.
+_Attributes = _make_attr_tuple_class(
+    "_Attributes",
+    [
+        # all attributes to build dunder methods for
+        "attrs",
+        # attributes that have been inherited
+        "base_attrs",
+        # map inherited attributes to their originating classes
+        "base_attrs_map",
+    ],
+)
+
+
+def _is_class_var(annot):
+    """
+    Check whether *annot* is a typing.ClassVar.
+
+    The string comparison hack is used to avoid evaluating all string
+    annotations which would put attrs-based classes at a performance
+    disadvantage compared to plain old classes.
+    """
+    annot = str(annot)
+
+    # Annotation can be quoted.
+    if annot.startswith(("'", '"')) and annot.endswith(("'", '"')):
+        annot = annot[1:-1]
+
+    return annot.startswith(_classvar_prefixes)
+
+
+def _has_own_attribute(cls, attrib_name):
+    """
+    Check whether *cls* defines *attrib_name* (and doesn't just inherit it).
+
+    Requires Python 3.
+    """
+    attr = getattr(cls, attrib_name, _sentinel)
+    if attr is _sentinel:
+        return False
+
+    for base_cls in cls.__mro__[1:]:
+        a = getattr(base_cls, attrib_name, None)
+        if attr is a:
+            return False
+
+    return True
+
+
+def _get_annotations(cls):
+    """
+    Get annotations for *cls*.
+    """
+    if _has_own_attribute(cls, "__annotations__"):
+        return cls.__annotations__
+
+    return {}
+
+
+def _counter_getter(e):
+    """
+    Key function for sorting to avoid re-creating a lambda for every class.
+    """
+    return e[1].counter
+
+
+def _collect_base_attrs(cls, taken_attr_names):
+    """
+    Collect attr.ibs from base classes of *cls*, except *taken_attr_names*.
+    """
+    base_attrs = []
+    base_attr_map = {}  # A dictionary of base attrs to their classes.
+
+    # Traverse the MRO and collect attributes.
+    for base_cls in reversed(cls.__mro__[1:-1]):
+        for a in getattr(base_cls, "__attrs_attrs__", []):
+            if a.inherited or a.name in taken_attr_names:
+                continue
+
+            a = a.evolve(inherited=True)
+            base_attrs.append(a)
+            base_attr_map[a.name] = base_cls
+
+    # For each name, only keep the freshest definition i.e. the furthest at the
+    # back.  base_attr_map is fine because it gets overwritten with every new
+    # instance.
+    filtered = []
+    seen = set()
+    for a in reversed(base_attrs):
+        if a.name in seen:
+            continue
+        filtered.insert(0, a)
+        seen.add(a.name)
+
+    return filtered, base_attr_map
+
+
+def _collect_base_attrs_broken(cls, taken_attr_names):
+    """
+    Collect attr.ibs from base classes of *cls*, except *taken_attr_names*.
+
+    N.B. *taken_attr_names* will be mutated.
+
+    Adhere to the old incorrect behavior.
+
+    Notably it collects from the front and considers inherited attributes which
+    leads to the buggy behavior reported in #428.
+    """
+    base_attrs = []
+    base_attr_map = {}  # A dictionary of base attrs to their classes.
+
+    # Traverse the MRO and collect attributes.
+    for base_cls in cls.__mro__[1:-1]:
+        for a in getattr(base_cls, "__attrs_attrs__", []):
+            if a.name in taken_attr_names:
+                continue
+
+            a = a.evolve(inherited=True)
+            taken_attr_names.add(a.name)
+            base_attrs.append(a)
+            base_attr_map[a.name] = base_cls
+
+    return base_attrs, base_attr_map
+
+
+def _transform_attrs(
+    cls, these, auto_attribs, kw_only, collect_by_mro, field_transformer
+):
+    """
+    Transform all `_CountingAttr`s on a class into `Attribute`s.
+
+    If *these* is passed, use that and don't look for them on the class.
+
+    *collect_by_mro* is True, collect them in the correct MRO order, otherwise
+    use the old -- incorrect -- order.  See #428.
+
+    Return an `_Attributes`.
+    """
+    cd = cls.__dict__
+    anns = _get_annotations(cls)
+
+    if these is not None:
+        ca_list = [(name, ca) for name, ca in iteritems(these)]
+
+        if not isinstance(these, ordered_dict):
+            ca_list.sort(key=_counter_getter)
+    elif auto_attribs is True:
+        ca_names = {
+            name
+            for name, attr in cd.items()
+            if isinstance(attr, _CountingAttr)
+        }
+        ca_list = []
+        annot_names = set()
+        for attr_name, type in anns.items():
+            if _is_class_var(type):
+                continue
+            annot_names.add(attr_name)
+            a = cd.get(attr_name, NOTHING)
+
+            if not isinstance(a, _CountingAttr):
+                if a is NOTHING:
+                    a = attrib()
+                else:
+                    a = attrib(default=a)
+            ca_list.append((attr_name, a))
+
+        unannotated = ca_names - annot_names
+        if len(unannotated) > 0:
+            raise UnannotatedAttributeError(
+                "The following `attr.ib`s lack a type annotation: "
+                + ", ".join(
+                    sorted(unannotated, key=lambda n: cd.get(n).counter)
+                )
+                + "."
+            )
+    else:
+        ca_list = sorted(
+            (
+                (name, attr)
+                for name, attr in cd.items()
+                if isinstance(attr, _CountingAttr)
+            ),
+            key=lambda e: e[1].counter,
+        )
+
+    own_attrs = [
+        Attribute.from_counting_attr(
+            name=attr_name, ca=ca, type=anns.get(attr_name)
+        )
+        for attr_name, ca in ca_list
+    ]
+
+    if collect_by_mro:
+        base_attrs, base_attr_map = _collect_base_attrs(
+            cls, {a.name for a in own_attrs}
+        )
+    else:
+        base_attrs, base_attr_map = _collect_base_attrs_broken(
+            cls, {a.name for a in own_attrs}
+        )
+
+    if kw_only:
+        own_attrs = [a.evolve(kw_only=True) for a in own_attrs]
+        base_attrs = [a.evolve(kw_only=True) for a in base_attrs]
+
+    attrs = base_attrs + own_attrs
+
+    # Mandatory vs non-mandatory attr order only matters when they are part of
+    # the __init__ signature and when they aren't kw_only (which are moved to
+    # the end and can be mandatory or non-mandatory in any order, as they will
+    # be specified as keyword args anyway). Check the order of those attrs:
+    had_default = False
+    for a in (a for a in attrs if a.init is not False and a.kw_only is False):
+        if had_default is True and a.default is NOTHING:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "No mandatory attributes allowed after an attribute with a "
+                "default value or factory.  Attribute in question: %r" % (a,)
+            )
+
+        if had_default is False and a.default is not NOTHING:
+            had_default = True
+
+    if field_transformer is not None:
+        attrs = field_transformer(cls, attrs)
+
+    # Create AttrsClass *after* applying the field_transformer since it may
+    # add or remove attributes!
+    attr_names = [a.name for a in attrs]
+    AttrsClass = _make_attr_tuple_class(cls.__name__, attr_names)
+
+    return _Attributes((AttrsClass(attrs), base_attrs, base_attr_map))
+
+
+if PYPY:
+
+    def _frozen_setattrs(self, name, value):
+        """
+        Attached to frozen classes as __setattr__.
+        """
+        if isinstance(self, BaseException) and name in (
+            "__cause__",
+            "__context__",
+        ):
+            BaseException.__setattr__(self, name, value)
+            return
+
+        raise FrozenInstanceError()
+
+else:
+
+    def _frozen_setattrs(self, name, value):
+        """
+        Attached to frozen classes as __setattr__.
+        """
+        raise FrozenInstanceError()
+
+
+def _frozen_delattrs(self, name):
+    """
+    Attached to frozen classes as __delattr__.
+    """
+    raise FrozenInstanceError()
+
+
+class _ClassBuilder(object):
+    """
+    Iteratively build *one* class.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_attr_names",
+        "_attrs",
+        "_base_attr_map",
+        "_base_names",
+        "_cache_hash",
+        "_cls",
+        "_cls_dict",
+        "_delete_attribs",
+        "_frozen",
+        "_has_pre_init",
+        "_has_post_init",
+        "_is_exc",
+        "_on_setattr",
+        "_slots",
+        "_weakref_slot",
+        "_wrote_own_setattr",
+        "_has_custom_setattr",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        cls,
+        these,
+        slots,
+        frozen,
+        weakref_slot,
+        getstate_setstate,
+        auto_attribs,
+        kw_only,
+        cache_hash,
+        is_exc,
+        collect_by_mro,
+        on_setattr,
+        has_custom_setattr,
+        field_transformer,
+    ):
+        attrs, base_attrs, base_map = _transform_attrs(
+            cls,
+            these,
+            auto_attribs,
+            kw_only,
+            collect_by_mro,
+            field_transformer,
+        )
+
+        self._cls = cls
+        self._cls_dict = dict(cls.__dict__) if slots else {}
+        self._attrs = attrs
+        self._base_names = set(a.name for a in base_attrs)
+        self._base_attr_map = base_map
+        self._attr_names = tuple(a.name for a in attrs)
+        self._slots = slots
+        self._frozen = frozen
+        self._weakref_slot = weakref_slot
+        self._cache_hash = cache_hash
+        self._has_pre_init = bool(getattr(cls, "__attrs_pre_init__", False))
+        self._has_post_init = bool(getattr(cls, "__attrs_post_init__", False))
+        self._delete_attribs = not bool(these)
+        self._is_exc = is_exc
+        self._on_setattr = on_setattr
+
+        self._has_custom_setattr = has_custom_setattr
+        self._wrote_own_setattr = False
+
+        self._cls_dict["__attrs_attrs__"] = self._attrs
+
+        if frozen:
+            self._cls_dict["__setattr__"] = _frozen_setattrs
+            self._cls_dict["__delattr__"] = _frozen_delattrs
+
+            self._wrote_own_setattr = True
+        elif on_setattr in (
+            _ng_default_on_setattr,
+            setters.validate,
+            setters.convert,
+        ):
+            has_validator = has_converter = False
+            for a in attrs:
+                if a.validator is not None:
+                    has_validator = True
+                if a.converter is not None:
+                    has_converter = True
+
+                if has_validator and has_converter:
+                    break
+            if (
+                (
+                    on_setattr == _ng_default_on_setattr
+                    and not (has_validator or has_converter)
+                )
+                or (on_setattr == setters.validate and not has_validator)
+                or (on_setattr == setters.convert and not has_converter)
+            ):
+                # If class-level on_setattr is set to convert + validate, but
+                # there's no field to convert or validate, pretend like there's
+                # no on_setattr.
+                self._on_setattr = None
+
+        if getstate_setstate:
+            (
+                self._cls_dict["__getstate__"],
+                self._cls_dict["__setstate__"],
+            ) = self._make_getstate_setstate()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<_ClassBuilder(cls={cls})>".format(cls=self._cls.__name__)
+
+    def build_class(self):
+        """
+        Finalize class based on the accumulated configuration.
+
+        Builder cannot be used after calling this method.
+        """
+        if self._slots is True:
+            return self._create_slots_class()
+        else:
+            return self._patch_original_class()
+
+    def _patch_original_class(self):
+        """
+        Apply accumulated methods and return the class.
+        """
+        cls = self._cls
+        base_names = self._base_names
+
+        # Clean class of attribute definitions (`attr.ib()`s).
+        if self._delete_attribs:
+            for name in self._attr_names:
+                if (
+                    name not in base_names
+                    and getattr(cls, name, _sentinel) is not _sentinel
+                ):
+                    try:
+                        delattr(cls, name)
+                    except AttributeError:
+                        # This can happen if a base class defines a class
+                        # variable and we want to set an attribute with the
+                        # same name by using only a type annotation.
+                        pass
+
+        # Attach our dunder methods.
+        for name, value in self._cls_dict.items():
+            setattr(cls, name, value)
+
+        # If we've inherited an attrs __setattr__ and don't write our own,
+        # reset it to object's.
+        if not self._wrote_own_setattr and getattr(
+            cls, "__attrs_own_setattr__", False
+        ):
+            cls.__attrs_own_setattr__ = False
+
+            if not self._has_custom_setattr:
+                cls.__setattr__ = object.__setattr__
+
+        return cls
+
+    def _create_slots_class(self):
+        """
+        Build and return a new class with a `__slots__` attribute.
+        """
+        cd = {
+            k: v
+            for k, v in iteritems(self._cls_dict)
+            if k not in tuple(self._attr_names) + ("__dict__", "__weakref__")
+        }
+
+        # If our class doesn't have its own implementation of __setattr__
+        # (either from the user or by us), check the bases, if one of them has
+        # an attrs-made __setattr__, that needs to be reset. We don't walk the
+        # MRO because we only care about our immediate base classes.
+        # XXX: This can be confused by subclassing a slotted attrs class with
+        # XXX: a non-attrs class and subclass the resulting class with an attrs
+        # XXX: class.  See `test_slotted_confused` for details.  For now that's
+        # XXX: OK with us.
+        if not self._wrote_own_setattr:
+            cd["__attrs_own_setattr__"] = False
+
+            if not self._has_custom_setattr:
+                for base_cls in self._cls.__bases__:
+                    if base_cls.__dict__.get("__attrs_own_setattr__", False):
+                        cd["__setattr__"] = object.__setattr__
+                        break
+
+        # Traverse the MRO to collect existing slots
+        # and check for an existing __weakref__.
+        existing_slots = dict()
+        weakref_inherited = False
+        for base_cls in self._cls.__mro__[1:-1]:
+            if base_cls.__dict__.get("__weakref__", None) is not None:
+                weakref_inherited = True
+            existing_slots.update(
+                {
+                    name: getattr(base_cls, name)
+                    for name in getattr(base_cls, "__slots__", [])
+                }
+            )
+
+        base_names = set(self._base_names)
+
+        names = self._attr_names
+        if (
+            self._weakref_slot
+            and "__weakref__" not in getattr(self._cls, "__slots__", ())
+            and "__weakref__" not in names
+            and not weakref_inherited
+        ):
+            names += ("__weakref__",)
+
+        # We only add the names of attributes that aren't inherited.
+        # Setting __slots__ to inherited attributes wastes memory.
+        slot_names = [name for name in names if name not in base_names]
+        # There are slots for attributes from current class
+        # that are defined in parent classes.
+        # As their descriptors may be overriden by a child class,
+        # we collect them here and update the class dict
+        reused_slots = {
+            slot: slot_descriptor
+            for slot, slot_descriptor in iteritems(existing_slots)
+            if slot in slot_names
+        }
+        slot_names = [name for name in slot_names if name not in reused_slots]
+        cd.update(reused_slots)
+        if self._cache_hash:
+            slot_names.append(_hash_cache_field)
+        cd["__slots__"] = tuple(slot_names)
+
+        qualname = getattr(self._cls, "__qualname__", None)
+        if qualname is not None:
+            cd["__qualname__"] = qualname
+
+        # Create new class based on old class and our methods.
+        cls = type(self._cls)(self._cls.__name__, self._cls.__bases__, cd)
+
+        # The following is a fix for
+        # <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/102>.  On Python 3,
+        # if a method mentions `__class__` or uses the no-arg super(), the
+        # compiler will bake a reference to the class in the method itself
+        # as `method.__closure__`.  Since we replace the class with a
+        # clone, we rewrite these references so it keeps working.
+        for item in cls.__dict__.values():
+            if isinstance(item, (classmethod, staticmethod)):
+                # Class- and staticmethods hide their functions inside.
+                # These might need to be rewritten as well.
+                closure_cells = getattr(item.__func__, "__closure__", None)
+            elif isinstance(item, property):
+                # Workaround for property `super()` shortcut (PY3-only).
+                # There is no universal way for other descriptors.
+                closure_cells = getattr(item.fget, "__closure__", None)
+            else:
+                closure_cells = getattr(item, "__closure__", None)
+
+            if not closure_cells:  # Catch None or the empty list.
+                continue
+            for cell in closure_cells:
+                try:
+                    match = cell.cell_contents is self._cls
+                except ValueError:  # ValueError: Cell is empty
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    if match:
+                        set_closure_cell(cell, cls)
+
+        return cls
+
+    def add_repr(self, ns):
+        self._cls_dict["__repr__"] = self._add_method_dunders(
+            _make_repr(self._attrs, ns, self._cls)
+        )
+        return self
+
+    def add_str(self):
+        repr = self._cls_dict.get("__repr__")
+        if repr is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "__str__ can only be generated if a __repr__ exists."
+            )
+
+        def __str__(self):
+            return self.__repr__()
+
+        self._cls_dict["__str__"] = self._add_method_dunders(__str__)
+        return self
+
+    def _make_getstate_setstate(self):
+        """
+        Create custom __setstate__ and __getstate__ methods.
+        """
+        # __weakref__ is not writable.
+        state_attr_names = tuple(
+            an for an in self._attr_names if an != "__weakref__"
+        )
+
+        def slots_getstate(self):
+            """
+            Automatically created by attrs.
+            """
+            return tuple(getattr(self, name) for name in state_attr_names)
+
+        hash_caching_enabled = self._cache_hash
+
+        def slots_setstate(self, state):
+            """
+            Automatically created by attrs.
+            """
+            __bound_setattr = _obj_setattr.__get__(self, Attribute)
+            for name, value in zip(state_attr_names, state):
+                __bound_setattr(name, value)
+
+            # The hash code cache is not included when the object is
+            # serialized, but it still needs to be initialized to None to
+            # indicate that the first call to __hash__ should be a cache
+            # miss.
+            if hash_caching_enabled:
+                __bound_setattr(_hash_cache_field, None)
+
+        return slots_getstate, slots_setstate
+
+    def make_unhashable(self):
+        self._cls_dict["__hash__"] = None
+        return self
+
+    def add_hash(self):
+        self._cls_dict["__hash__"] = self._add_method_dunders(
+            _make_hash(
+                self._cls,
+                self._attrs,
+                frozen=self._frozen,
+                cache_hash=self._cache_hash,
+            )
+        )
+
+        return self
+
+    def add_init(self):
+        self._cls_dict["__init__"] = self._add_method_dunders(
+            _make_init(
+                self._cls,
+                self._attrs,
+                self._has_pre_init,
+                self._has_post_init,
+                self._frozen,
+                self._slots,
+                self._cache_hash,
+                self._base_attr_map,
+                self._is_exc,
+                self._on_setattr,
+                attrs_init=False,
+            )
+        )
+
+        return self
+
+    def add_match_args(self):
+        self._cls_dict["__match_args__"] = tuple(
+            field.name
+            for field in self._attrs
+            if field.init and not field.kw_only
+        )
+
+    def add_attrs_init(self):
+        self._cls_dict["__attrs_init__"] = self._add_method_dunders(
+            _make_init(
+                self._cls,
+                self._attrs,
+                self._has_pre_init,
+                self._has_post_init,
+                self._frozen,
+                self._slots,
+                self._cache_hash,
+                self._base_attr_map,
+                self._is_exc,
+                self._on_setattr,
+                attrs_init=True,
+            )
+        )
+
+        return self
+
+    def add_eq(self):
+        cd = self._cls_dict
+
+        cd["__eq__"] = self._add_method_dunders(
+            _make_eq(self._cls, self._attrs)
+        )
+        cd["__ne__"] = self._add_method_dunders(_make_ne())
+
+        return self
+
+    def add_order(self):
+        cd = self._cls_dict
+
+        cd["__lt__"], cd["__le__"], cd["__gt__"], cd["__ge__"] = (
+            self._add_method_dunders(meth)
+            for meth in _make_order(self._cls, self._attrs)
+        )
+
+        return self
+
+    def add_setattr(self):
+        if self._frozen:
+            return self
+
+        sa_attrs = {}
+        for a in self._attrs:
+            on_setattr = a.on_setattr or self._on_setattr
+            if on_setattr and on_setattr is not setters.NO_OP:
+                sa_attrs[a.name] = a, on_setattr
+
+        if not sa_attrs:
+            return self
+
+        if self._has_custom_setattr:
+            # We need to write a __setattr__ but there already is one!
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Can't combine custom __setattr__ with on_setattr hooks."
+            )
+
+        # docstring comes from _add_method_dunders
+        def __setattr__(self, name, val):
+            try:
+                a, hook = sa_attrs[name]
+            except KeyError:
+                nval = val
+            else:
+                nval = hook(self, a, val)
+
+            _obj_setattr(self, name, nval)
+
+        self._cls_dict["__attrs_own_setattr__"] = True
+        self._cls_dict["__setattr__"] = self._add_method_dunders(__setattr__)
+        self._wrote_own_setattr = True
+
+        return self
+
+    def _add_method_dunders(self, method):
+        """
+        Add __module__ and __qualname__ to a *method* if possible.
+        """
+        try:
+            method.__module__ = self._cls.__module__
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+        try:
+            method.__qualname__ = ".".join(
+                (self._cls.__qualname__, method.__name__)
+            )
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+        try:
+            method.__doc__ = "Method generated by attrs for class %s." % (
+                self._cls.__qualname__,
+            )
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+        return method
+
+
+_CMP_DEPRECATION = (
+    "The usage of `cmp` is deprecated and will be removed on or after "
+    "2021-06-01.  Please use `eq` and `order` instead."
+)
+
+
+def _determine_attrs_eq_order(cmp, eq, order, default_eq):
+    """
+    Validate the combination of *cmp*, *eq*, and *order*. Derive the effective
+    values of eq and order.  If *eq* is None, set it to *default_eq*.
+    """
+    if cmp is not None and any((eq is not None, order is not None)):
+        raise ValueError("Don't mix `cmp` with `eq' and `order`.")
+
+    # cmp takes precedence due to bw-compatibility.
+    if cmp is not None:
+        return cmp, cmp
+
+    # If left None, equality is set to the specified default and ordering
+    # mirrors equality.
+    if eq is None:
+        eq = default_eq
+
+    if order is None:
+        order = eq
+
+    if eq is False and order is True:
+        raise ValueError("`order` can only be True if `eq` is True too.")
+
+    return eq, order
+
+
+def _determine_attrib_eq_order(cmp, eq, order, default_eq):
+    """
+    Validate the combination of *cmp*, *eq*, and *order*. Derive the effective
+    values of eq and order.  If *eq* is None, set it to *default_eq*.
+    """
+    if cmp is not None and any((eq is not None, order is not None)):
+        raise ValueError("Don't mix `cmp` with `eq' and `order`.")
+
+    def decide_callable_or_boolean(value):
+        """
+        Decide whether a key function is used.
+        """
+        if callable(value):
+            value, key = True, value
+        else:
+            key = None
+        return value, key
+
+    # cmp takes precedence due to bw-compatibility.
+    if cmp is not None:
+        cmp, cmp_key = decide_callable_or_boolean(cmp)
+        return cmp, cmp_key, cmp, cmp_key
+
+    # If left None, equality is set to the specified default and ordering
+    # mirrors equality.
+    if eq is None:
+        eq, eq_key = default_eq, None
+    else:
+        eq, eq_key = decide_callable_or_boolean(eq)
+
+    if order is None:
+        order, order_key = eq, eq_key
+    else:
+        order, order_key = decide_callable_or_boolean(order)
+
+    if eq is False and order is True:
+        raise ValueError("`order` can only be True if `eq` is True too.")
+
+    return eq, eq_key, order, order_key
+
+
+def _determine_whether_to_implement(
+    cls, flag, auto_detect, dunders, default=True
+):
+    """
+    Check whether we should implement a set of methods for *cls*.
+
+    *flag* is the argument passed into @attr.s like 'init', *auto_detect* the
+    same as passed into @attr.s and *dunders* is a tuple of attribute names
+    whose presence signal that the user has implemented it themselves.
+
+    Return *default* if no reason for either for or against is found.
+
+    auto_detect must be False on Python 2.
+    """
+    if flag is True or flag is False:
+        return flag
+
+    if flag is None and auto_detect is False:
+        return default
+
+    # Logically, flag is None and auto_detect is True here.
+    for dunder in dunders:
+        if _has_own_attribute(cls, dunder):
+            return False
+
+    return default
+
+
+def attrs(
+    maybe_cls=None,
+    these=None,
+    repr_ns=None,
+    repr=None,
+    cmp=None,
+    hash=None,
+    init=None,
+    slots=False,
+    frozen=False,
+    weakref_slot=True,
+    str=False,
+    auto_attribs=False,
+    kw_only=False,
+    cache_hash=False,
+    auto_exc=False,
+    eq=None,
+    order=None,
+    auto_detect=False,
+    collect_by_mro=False,
+    getstate_setstate=None,
+    on_setattr=None,
+    field_transformer=None,
+    match_args=True,
+):
+    r"""
+    A class decorator that adds `dunder
+    <https://wiki.python.org/moin/DunderAlias>`_\ -methods according to the
+    specified attributes using `attr.ib` or the *these* argument.
+
+    :param these: A dictionary of name to `attr.ib` mappings.  This is
+        useful to avoid the definition of your attributes within the class body
+        because you can't (e.g. if you want to add ``__repr__`` methods to
+        Django models) or don't want to.
+
+        If *these* is not ``None``, ``attrs`` will *not* search the class body
+        for attributes and will *not* remove any attributes from it.
+
+        If *these* is an ordered dict (`dict` on Python 3.6+,
+        `collections.OrderedDict` otherwise), the order is deduced from
+        the order of the attributes inside *these*.  Otherwise the order
+        of the definition of the attributes is used.
+
+    :type these: `dict` of `str` to `attr.ib`
+
+    :param str repr_ns: When using nested classes, there's no way in Python 2
+        to automatically detect that.  Therefore it's possible to set the
+        namespace explicitly for a more meaningful ``repr`` output.
+    :param bool auto_detect: Instead of setting the *init*, *repr*, *eq*,
+        *order*, and *hash* arguments explicitly, assume they are set to
+        ``True`` **unless any** of the involved methods for one of the
+        arguments is implemented in the *current* class (i.e. it is *not*
+        inherited from some base class).
+
+        So for example by implementing ``__eq__`` on a class yourself,
+        ``attrs`` will deduce ``eq=False`` and will create *neither*
+        ``__eq__`` *nor* ``__ne__`` (but Python classes come with a sensible
+        ``__ne__`` by default, so it *should* be enough to only implement
+        ``__eq__`` in most cases).
+
+        .. warning::
+
+           If you prevent ``attrs`` from creating the ordering methods for you
+           (``order=False``, e.g. by implementing ``__le__``), it becomes
+           *your* responsibility to make sure its ordering is sound. The best
+           way is to use the `functools.total_ordering` decorator.
+
+
+        Passing ``True`` or ``False`` to *init*, *repr*, *eq*, *order*,
+        *cmp*, or *hash* overrides whatever *auto_detect* would determine.
+
+        *auto_detect* requires Python 3. Setting it ``True`` on Python 2 raises
+        an `attrs.exceptions.PythonTooOldError`.
+
+    :param bool repr: Create a ``__repr__`` method with a human readable
+        representation of ``attrs`` attributes..
+    :param bool str: Create a ``__str__`` method that is identical to
+        ``__repr__``.  This is usually not necessary except for
+        `Exception`\ s.
+    :param Optional[bool] eq: If ``True`` or ``None`` (default), add ``__eq__``
+        and ``__ne__`` methods that check two instances for equality.
+
+        They compare the instances as if they were tuples of their ``attrs``
+        attributes if and only if the types of both classes are *identical*!
+    :param Optional[bool] order: If ``True``, add ``__lt__``, ``__le__``,
+        ``__gt__``, and ``__ge__`` methods that behave like *eq* above and
+        allow instances to be ordered. If ``None`` (default) mirror value of
+        *eq*.
+    :param Optional[bool] cmp: Setting *cmp* is equivalent to setting *eq*
+        and *order* to the same value. Must not be mixed with *eq* or *order*.
+    :param Optional[bool] hash: If ``None`` (default), the ``__hash__`` method
+        is generated according how *eq* and *frozen* are set.
+
+        1. If *both* are True, ``attrs`` will generate a ``__hash__`` for you.
+        2. If *eq* is True and *frozen* is False, ``__hash__`` will be set to
+           None, marking it unhashable (which it is).
+        3. If *eq* is False, ``__hash__`` will be left untouched meaning the
+           ``__hash__`` method of the base class will be used (if base class is
+           ``object``, this means it will fall back to id-based hashing.).
+
+        Although not recommended, you can decide for yourself and force
+        ``attrs`` to create one (e.g. if the class is immutable even though you
+        didn't freeze it programmatically) by passing ``True`` or not.  Both of
+        these cases are rather special and should be used carefully.
+
+        See our documentation on `hashing`, Python's documentation on
+        `object.__hash__`, and the `GitHub issue that led to the default \
+        behavior <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/136>`_ for more
+        details.
+    :param bool init: Create a ``__init__`` method that initializes the
+        ``attrs`` attributes. Leading underscores are stripped for the argument
+        name. If a ``__attrs_pre_init__`` method exists on the class, it will
+        be called before the class is initialized. If a ``__attrs_post_init__``
+        method exists on the class, it will be called after the class is fully
+        initialized.
+
+        If ``init`` is ``False``, an ``__attrs_init__`` method will be
+        injected instead. This allows you to define a custom ``__init__``
+        method that can do pre-init work such as ``super().__init__()``,
+        and then call ``__attrs_init__()`` and ``__attrs_post_init__()``.
+    :param bool slots: Create a `slotted class <slotted classes>` that's more
+        memory-efficient. Slotted classes are generally superior to the default
+        dict classes, but have some gotchas you should know about, so we
+        encourage you to read the `glossary entry <slotted classes>`.
+    :param bool frozen: Make instances immutable after initialization.  If
+        someone attempts to modify a frozen instance,
+        `attr.exceptions.FrozenInstanceError` is raised.
+
+        .. note::
+
+            1. This is achieved by installing a custom ``__setattr__`` method
+               on your class, so you can't implement your own.
+
+            2. True immutability is impossible in Python.
+
+            3. This *does* have a minor a runtime performance `impact
+               <how-frozen>` when initializing new instances.  In other words:
+               ``__init__`` is slightly slower with ``frozen=True``.
+
+            4. If a class is frozen, you cannot modify ``self`` in
+               ``__attrs_post_init__`` or a self-written ``__init__``. You can
+               circumvent that limitation by using
+               ``object.__setattr__(self, "attribute_name", value)``.
+
+            5. Subclasses of a frozen class are frozen too.
+
+    :param bool weakref_slot: Make instances weak-referenceable.  This has no
+        effect unless ``slots`` is also enabled.
+    :param bool auto_attribs: If ``True``, collect `PEP 526`_-annotated
+        attributes (Python 3.6 and later only) from the class body.
+
+        In this case, you **must** annotate every field.  If ``attrs``
+        encounters a field that is set to an `attr.ib` but lacks a type
+        annotation, an `attr.exceptions.UnannotatedAttributeError` is
+        raised.  Use ``field_name: typing.Any = attr.ib(...)`` if you don't
+        want to set a type.
+
+        If you assign a value to those attributes (e.g. ``x: int = 42``), that
+        value becomes the default value like if it were passed using
+        ``attr.ib(default=42)``.  Passing an instance of `attrs.Factory` also
+        works as expected in most cases (see warning below).
+
+        Attributes annotated as `typing.ClassVar`, and attributes that are
+        neither annotated nor set to an `attr.ib` are **ignored**.
+
+        .. warning::
+           For features that use the attribute name to create decorators (e.g.
+           `validators <validators>`), you still *must* assign `attr.ib` to
+           them. Otherwise Python will either not find the name or try to use
+           the default value to call e.g. ``validator`` on it.
+
+           These errors can be quite confusing and probably the most common bug
+           report on our bug tracker.
+
+        .. _`PEP 526`: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0526/
+    :param bool kw_only: Make all attributes keyword-only (Python 3+)
+        in the generated ``__init__`` (if ``init`` is ``False``, this
+        parameter is ignored).
+    :param bool cache_hash: Ensure that the object's hash code is computed
+        only once and stored on the object.  If this is set to ``True``,
+        hashing must be either explicitly or implicitly enabled for this
+        class.  If the hash code is cached, avoid any reassignments of
+        fields involved in hash code computation or mutations of the objects
+        those fields point to after object creation.  If such changes occur,
+        the behavior of the object's hash code is undefined.
+    :param bool auto_exc: If the class subclasses `BaseException`
+        (which implicitly includes any subclass of any exception), the
+        following happens to behave like a well-behaved Python exceptions
+        class:
+
+        - the values for *eq*, *order*, and *hash* are ignored and the
+          instances compare and hash by the instance's ids (N.B. ``attrs`` will
+          *not* remove existing implementations of ``__hash__`` or the equality
+          methods. It just won't add own ones.),
+        - all attributes that are either passed into ``__init__`` or have a
+          default value are additionally available as a tuple in the ``args``
+          attribute,
+        - the value of *str* is ignored leaving ``__str__`` to base classes.
+    :param bool collect_by_mro: Setting this to `True` fixes the way ``attrs``
+       collects attributes from base classes.  The default behavior is
+       incorrect in certain cases of multiple inheritance.  It should be on by
+       default but is kept off for backward-compatibility.
+
+       See issue `#428 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/428>`_ for
+       more details.
+
+    :param Optional[bool] getstate_setstate:
+       .. note::
+          This is usually only interesting for slotted classes and you should
+          probably just set *auto_detect* to `True`.
+
+       If `True`, ``__getstate__`` and
+       ``__setstate__`` are generated and attached to the class. This is
+       necessary for slotted classes to be pickleable. If left `None`, it's
+       `True` by default for slotted classes and ``False`` for dict classes.
+
+       If *auto_detect* is `True`, and *getstate_setstate* is left `None`,
+       and **either** ``__getstate__`` or ``__setstate__`` is detected directly
+       on the class (i.e. not inherited), it is set to `False` (this is usually
+       what you want).
+
+    :param on_setattr: A callable that is run whenever the user attempts to set
+        an attribute (either by assignment like ``i.x = 42`` or by using
+        `setattr` like ``setattr(i, "x", 42)``). It receives the same arguments
+        as validators: the instance, the attribute that is being modified, and
+        the new value.
+
+        If no exception is raised, the attribute is set to the return value of
+        the callable.
+
+        If a list of callables is passed, they're automatically wrapped in an
+        `attrs.setters.pipe`.
+
+    :param Optional[callable] field_transformer:
+        A function that is called with the original class object and all
+        fields right before ``attrs`` finalizes the class.  You can use
+        this, e.g., to automatically add converters or validators to
+        fields based on their types.  See `transform-fields` for more details.
+
+    :param bool match_args:
+        If `True` (default), set ``__match_args__`` on the class to support
+        `PEP 634 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0634/>`_ (Structural
+        Pattern Matching). It is a tuple of all positional-only ``__init__``
+        parameter names on Python 3.10 and later. Ignored on older Python
+        versions.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 16.0.0 *slots*
+    .. versionadded:: 16.1.0 *frozen*
+    .. versionadded:: 16.3.0 *str*
+    .. versionadded:: 16.3.0 Support for ``__attrs_post_init__``.
+    .. versionchanged:: 17.1.0
+       *hash* supports ``None`` as value which is also the default now.
+    .. versionadded:: 17.3.0 *auto_attribs*
+    .. versionchanged:: 18.1.0
+       If *these* is passed, no attributes are deleted from the class body.
+    .. versionchanged:: 18.1.0 If *these* is ordered, the order is retained.
+    .. versionadded:: 18.2.0 *weakref_slot*
+    .. deprecated:: 18.2.0
+       ``__lt__``, ``__le__``, ``__gt__``, and ``__ge__`` now raise a
+       `DeprecationWarning` if the classes compared are subclasses of
+       each other. ``__eq`` and ``__ne__`` never tried to compared subclasses
+       to each other.
+    .. versionchanged:: 19.2.0
+       ``__lt__``, ``__le__``, ``__gt__``, and ``__ge__`` now do not consider
+       subclasses comparable anymore.
+    .. versionadded:: 18.2.0 *kw_only*
+    .. versionadded:: 18.2.0 *cache_hash*
+    .. versionadded:: 19.1.0 *auto_exc*
+    .. deprecated:: 19.2.0 *cmp* Removal on or after 2021-06-01.
+    .. versionadded:: 19.2.0 *eq* and *order*
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0 *auto_detect*
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0 *collect_by_mro*
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0 *getstate_setstate*
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0 *on_setattr*
+    .. versionadded:: 20.3.0 *field_transformer*
+    .. versionchanged:: 21.1.0
+       ``init=False`` injects ``__attrs_init__``
+    .. versionchanged:: 21.1.0 Support for ``__attrs_pre_init__``
+    .. versionchanged:: 21.1.0 *cmp* undeprecated
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0 *match_args*
+    """
+    if auto_detect and PY2:
+        raise PythonTooOldError(
+            "auto_detect only works on Python 3 and later."
+        )
+
+    eq_, order_ = _determine_attrs_eq_order(cmp, eq, order, None)
+    hash_ = hash  # work around the lack of nonlocal
+
+    if isinstance(on_setattr, (list, tuple)):
+        on_setattr = setters.pipe(*on_setattr)
+
+    def wrap(cls):
+
+        if getattr(cls, "__class__", None) is None:
+            raise TypeError("attrs only works with new-style classes.")
+
+        is_frozen = frozen or _has_frozen_base_class(cls)
+        is_exc = auto_exc is True and issubclass(cls, BaseException)
+        has_own_setattr = auto_detect and _has_own_attribute(
+            cls, "__setattr__"
+        )
+
+        if has_own_setattr and is_frozen:
+            raise ValueError("Can't freeze a class with a custom __setattr__.")
+
+        builder = _ClassBuilder(
+            cls,
+            these,
+            slots,
+            is_frozen,
+            weakref_slot,
+            _determine_whether_to_implement(
+                cls,
+                getstate_setstate,
+                auto_detect,
+                ("__getstate__", "__setstate__"),
+                default=slots,
+            ),
+            auto_attribs,
+            kw_only,
+            cache_hash,
+            is_exc,
+            collect_by_mro,
+            on_setattr,
+            has_own_setattr,
+            field_transformer,
+        )
+        if _determine_whether_to_implement(
+            cls, repr, auto_detect, ("__repr__",)
+        ):
+            builder.add_repr(repr_ns)
+        if str is True:
+            builder.add_str()
+
+        eq = _determine_whether_to_implement(
+            cls, eq_, auto_detect, ("__eq__", "__ne__")
+        )
+        if not is_exc and eq is True:
+            builder.add_eq()
+        if not is_exc and _determine_whether_to_implement(
+            cls, order_, auto_detect, ("__lt__", "__le__", "__gt__", "__ge__")
+        ):
+            builder.add_order()
+
+        builder.add_setattr()
+
+        if (
+            hash_ is None
+            and auto_detect is True
+            and _has_own_attribute(cls, "__hash__")
+        ):
+            hash = False
+        else:
+            hash = hash_
+        if hash is not True and hash is not False and hash is not None:
+            # Can't use `hash in` because 1 == True for example.
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Invalid value for hash.  Must be True, False, or None."
+            )
+        elif hash is False or (hash is None and eq is False) or is_exc:
+            # Don't do anything. Should fall back to __object__'s __hash__
+            # which is by id.
+            if cache_hash:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "Invalid value for cache_hash.  To use hash caching,"
+                    " hashing must be either explicitly or implicitly "
+                    "enabled."
+                )
+        elif hash is True or (
+            hash is None and eq is True and is_frozen is True
+        ):
+            # Build a __hash__ if told so, or if it's safe.
+            builder.add_hash()
+        else:
+            # Raise TypeError on attempts to hash.
+            if cache_hash:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "Invalid value for cache_hash.  To use hash caching,"
+                    " hashing must be either explicitly or implicitly "
+                    "enabled."
+                )
+            builder.make_unhashable()
+
+        if _determine_whether_to_implement(
+            cls, init, auto_detect, ("__init__",)
+        ):
+            builder.add_init()
+        else:
+            builder.add_attrs_init()
+            if cache_hash:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "Invalid value for cache_hash.  To use hash caching,"
+                    " init must be True."
+                )
+
+        if (
+            PY310
+            and match_args
+            and not _has_own_attribute(cls, "__match_args__")
+        ):
+            builder.add_match_args()
+
+        return builder.build_class()
+
+    # maybe_cls's type depends on the usage of the decorator.  It's a class
+    # if it's used as `@attrs` but ``None`` if used as `@attrs()`.
+    if maybe_cls is None:
+        return wrap
+    else:
+        return wrap(maybe_cls)
+
+
+_attrs = attrs
+"""
+Internal alias so we can use it in functions that take an argument called
+*attrs*.
+"""
+
+
+if PY2:
+
+    def _has_frozen_base_class(cls):
+        """
+        Check whether *cls* has a frozen ancestor by looking at its
+        __setattr__.
+        """
+        return (
+            getattr(cls.__setattr__, "__module__", None)
+            == _frozen_setattrs.__module__
+            and cls.__setattr__.__name__ == _frozen_setattrs.__name__
+        )
+
+else:
+
+    def _has_frozen_base_class(cls):
+        """
+        Check whether *cls* has a frozen ancestor by looking at its
+        __setattr__.
+        """
+        return cls.__setattr__ == _frozen_setattrs
+
+
+def _generate_unique_filename(cls, func_name):
+    """
+    Create a "filename" suitable for a function being generated.
+    """
+    unique_filename = "<attrs generated {0} {1}.{2}>".format(
+        func_name,
+        cls.__module__,
+        getattr(cls, "__qualname__", cls.__name__),
+    )
+    return unique_filename
+
+
+def _make_hash(cls, attrs, frozen, cache_hash):
+    attrs = tuple(
+        a for a in attrs if a.hash is True or (a.hash is None and a.eq is True)
+    )
+
+    tab = "        "
+
+    unique_filename = _generate_unique_filename(cls, "hash")
+    type_hash = hash(unique_filename)
+
+    hash_def = "def __hash__(self"
+    hash_func = "hash(("
+    closing_braces = "))"
+    if not cache_hash:
+        hash_def += "):"
+    else:
+        if not PY2:
+            hash_def += ", *"
+
+        hash_def += (
+            ", _cache_wrapper="
+            + "__import__('attr._make')._make._CacheHashWrapper):"
+        )
+        hash_func = "_cache_wrapper(" + hash_func
+        closing_braces += ")"
+
+    method_lines = [hash_def]
+
+    def append_hash_computation_lines(prefix, indent):
+        """
+        Generate the code for actually computing the hash code.
+        Below this will either be returned directly or used to compute
+        a value which is then cached, depending on the value of cache_hash
+        """
+
+        method_lines.extend(
+            [
+                indent + prefix + hash_func,
+                indent + "        %d," % (type_hash,),
+            ]
+        )
+
+        for a in attrs:
+            method_lines.append(indent + "        self.%s," % a.name)
+
+        method_lines.append(indent + "    " + closing_braces)
+
+    if cache_hash:
+        method_lines.append(tab + "if self.%s is None:" % _hash_cache_field)
+        if frozen:
+            append_hash_computation_lines(
+                "object.__setattr__(self, '%s', " % _hash_cache_field, tab * 2
+            )
+            method_lines.append(tab * 2 + ")")  # close __setattr__
+        else:
+            append_hash_computation_lines(
+                "self.%s = " % _hash_cache_field, tab * 2
+            )
+        method_lines.append(tab + "return self.%s" % _hash_cache_field)
+    else:
+        append_hash_computation_lines("return ", tab)
+
+    script = "\n".join(method_lines)
+    return _make_method("__hash__", script, unique_filename)
+
+
+def _add_hash(cls, attrs):
+    """
+    Add a hash method to *cls*.
+    """
+    cls.__hash__ = _make_hash(cls, attrs, frozen=False, cache_hash=False)
+    return cls
+
+
+def _make_ne():
+    """
+    Create __ne__ method.
+    """
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        """
+        Check equality and either forward a NotImplemented or
+        return the result negated.
+        """
+        result = self.__eq__(other)
+        if result is NotImplemented:
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return not result
+
+    return __ne__
+
+
+def _make_eq(cls, attrs):
+    """
+    Create __eq__ method for *cls* with *attrs*.
+    """
+    attrs = [a for a in attrs if a.eq]
+
+    unique_filename = _generate_unique_filename(cls, "eq")
+    lines = [
+        "def __eq__(self, other):",
+        "    if other.__class__ is not self.__class__:",
+        "        return NotImplemented",
+    ]
+
+    # We can't just do a big self.x = other.x and... clause due to
+    # irregularities like nan == nan is false but (nan,) == (nan,) is true.
+    globs = {}
+    if attrs:
+        lines.append("    return  (")
+        others = ["    ) == ("]
+        for a in attrs:
+            if a.eq_key:
+                cmp_name = "_%s_key" % (a.name,)
+                # Add the key function to the global namespace
+                # of the evaluated function.
+                globs[cmp_name] = a.eq_key
+                lines.append(
+                    "        %s(self.%s),"
+                    % (
+                        cmp_name,
+                        a.name,
+                    )
+                )
+                others.append(
+                    "        %s(other.%s),"
+                    % (
+                        cmp_name,
+                        a.name,
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                lines.append("        self.%s," % (a.name,))
+                others.append("        other.%s," % (a.name,))
+
+        lines += others + ["    )"]
+    else:
+        lines.append("    return True")
+
+    script = "\n".join(lines)
+
+    return _make_method("__eq__", script, unique_filename, globs)
+
+
+def _make_order(cls, attrs):
+    """
+    Create ordering methods for *cls* with *attrs*.
+    """
+    attrs = [a for a in attrs if a.order]
+
+    def attrs_to_tuple(obj):
+        """
+        Save us some typing.
+        """
+        return tuple(
+            key(value) if key else value
+            for value, key in (
+                (getattr(obj, a.name), a.order_key) for a in attrs
+            )
+        )
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        """
+        Automatically created by attrs.
+        """
+        if other.__class__ is self.__class__:
+            return attrs_to_tuple(self) < attrs_to_tuple(other)
+
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        """
+        Automatically created by attrs.
+        """
+        if other.__class__ is self.__class__:
+            return attrs_to_tuple(self) <= attrs_to_tuple(other)
+
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        """
+        Automatically created by attrs.
+        """
+        if other.__class__ is self.__class__:
+            return attrs_to_tuple(self) > attrs_to_tuple(other)
+
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        """
+        Automatically created by attrs.
+        """
+        if other.__class__ is self.__class__:
+            return attrs_to_tuple(self) >= attrs_to_tuple(other)
+
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    return __lt__, __le__, __gt__, __ge__
+
+
+def _add_eq(cls, attrs=None):
+    """
+    Add equality methods to *cls* with *attrs*.
+    """
+    if attrs is None:
+        attrs = cls.__attrs_attrs__
+
+    cls.__eq__ = _make_eq(cls, attrs)
+    cls.__ne__ = _make_ne()
+
+    return cls
+
+
+if HAS_F_STRINGS:
+
+    def _make_repr(attrs, ns, cls):
+        unique_filename = _generate_unique_filename(cls, "repr")
+        # Figure out which attributes to include, and which function to use to
+        # format them. The a.repr value can be either bool or a custom
+        # callable.
+        attr_names_with_reprs = tuple(
+            (a.name, (repr if a.repr is True else a.repr), a.init)
+            for a in attrs
+            if a.repr is not False
+        )
+        globs = {
+            name + "_repr": r
+            for name, r, _ in attr_names_with_reprs
+            if r != repr
+        }
+        globs["_compat"] = _compat
+        globs["AttributeError"] = AttributeError
+        globs["NOTHING"] = NOTHING
+        attribute_fragments = []
+        for name, r, i in attr_names_with_reprs:
+            accessor = (
+                "self." + name
+                if i
+                else 'getattr(self, "' + name + '", NOTHING)'
+            )
+            fragment = (
+                "%s={%s!r}" % (name, accessor)
+                if r == repr
+                else "%s={%s_repr(%s)}" % (name, name, accessor)
+            )
+            attribute_fragments.append(fragment)
+        repr_fragment = ", ".join(attribute_fragments)
+
+        if ns is None:
+            cls_name_fragment = (
+                '{self.__class__.__qualname__.rsplit(">.", 1)[-1]}'
+            )
+        else:
+            cls_name_fragment = ns + ".{self.__class__.__name__}"
+
+        lines = [
+            "def __repr__(self):",
+            "  try:",
+            "    already_repring = _compat.repr_context.already_repring",
+            "  except AttributeError:",
+            "    already_repring = {id(self),}",
+            "    _compat.repr_context.already_repring = already_repring",
+            "  else:",
+            "    if id(self) in already_repring:",
+            "      return '...'",
+            "    else:",
+            "      already_repring.add(id(self))",
+            "  try:",
+            "    return f'%s(%s)'" % (cls_name_fragment, repr_fragment),
+            "  finally:",
+            "    already_repring.remove(id(self))",
+        ]
+
+        return _make_method(
+            "__repr__", "\n".join(lines), unique_filename, globs=globs
+        )
+
+else:
+
+    def _make_repr(attrs, ns, _):
+        """
+        Make a repr method that includes relevant *attrs*, adding *ns* to the
+        full name.
+        """
+
+        # Figure out which attributes to include, and which function to use to
+        # format them. The a.repr value can be either bool or a custom
+        # callable.
+        attr_names_with_reprs = tuple(
+            (a.name, repr if a.repr is True else a.repr)
+            for a in attrs
+            if a.repr is not False
+        )
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            """
+            Automatically created by attrs.
+            """
+            try:
+                already_repring = _compat.repr_context.already_repring
+            except AttributeError:
+                already_repring = set()
+                _compat.repr_context.already_repring = already_repring
+
+            if id(self) in already_repring:
+                return "..."
+            real_cls = self.__class__
+            if ns is None:
+                qualname = getattr(real_cls, "__qualname__", None)
+                if qualname is not None:  # pragma: no cover
+                    # This case only happens on Python 3.5 and 3.6. We exclude
+                    # it from coverage, because we don't want to slow down our
+                    # test suite by running them under coverage too for this
+                    # one line.
+                    class_name = qualname.rsplit(">.", 1)[-1]
+                else:
+                    class_name = real_cls.__name__
+            else:
+                class_name = ns + "." + real_cls.__name__
+
+            # Since 'self' remains on the stack (i.e.: strongly referenced)
+            # for the duration of this call, it's safe to depend on id(...)
+            # stability, and not need to track the instance and therefore
+            # worry about properties like weakref- or hash-ability.
+            already_repring.add(id(self))
+            try:
+                result = [class_name, "("]
+                first = True
+                for name, attr_repr in attr_names_with_reprs:
+                    if first:
+                        first = False
+                    else:
+                        result.append(", ")
+                    result.extend(
+                        (name, "=", attr_repr(getattr(self, name, NOTHING)))
+                    )
+                return "".join(result) + ")"
+            finally:
+                already_repring.remove(id(self))
+
+        return __repr__
+
+
+def _add_repr(cls, ns=None, attrs=None):
+    """
+    Add a repr method to *cls*.
+    """
+    if attrs is None:
+        attrs = cls.__attrs_attrs__
+
+    cls.__repr__ = _make_repr(attrs, ns, cls)
+    return cls
+
+
+def fields(cls):
+    """
+    Return the tuple of ``attrs`` attributes for a class.
+
+    The tuple also allows accessing the fields by their names (see below for
+    examples).
+
+    :param type cls: Class to introspect.
+
+    :raise TypeError: If *cls* is not a class.
+    :raise attr.exceptions.NotAnAttrsClassError: If *cls* is not an ``attrs``
+        class.
+
+    :rtype: tuple (with name accessors) of `attrs.Attribute`
+
+    ..  versionchanged:: 16.2.0 Returned tuple allows accessing the fields
+        by name.
+    """
+    if not isclass(cls):
+        raise TypeError("Passed object must be a class.")
+    attrs = getattr(cls, "__attrs_attrs__", None)
+    if attrs is None:
+        raise NotAnAttrsClassError(
+            "{cls!r} is not an attrs-decorated class.".format(cls=cls)
+        )
+    return attrs
+
+
+def fields_dict(cls):
+    """
+    Return an ordered dictionary of ``attrs`` attributes for a class, whose
+    keys are the attribute names.
+
+    :param type cls: Class to introspect.
+
+    :raise TypeError: If *cls* is not a class.
+    :raise attr.exceptions.NotAnAttrsClassError: If *cls* is not an ``attrs``
+        class.
+
+    :rtype: an ordered dict where keys are attribute names and values are
+        `attrs.Attribute`\\ s. This will be a `dict` if it's
+        naturally ordered like on Python 3.6+ or an
+        :class:`~collections.OrderedDict` otherwise.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 18.1.0
+    """
+    if not isclass(cls):
+        raise TypeError("Passed object must be a class.")
+    attrs = getattr(cls, "__attrs_attrs__", None)
+    if attrs is None:
+        raise NotAnAttrsClassError(
+            "{cls!r} is not an attrs-decorated class.".format(cls=cls)
+        )
+    return ordered_dict(((a.name, a) for a in attrs))
+
+
+def validate(inst):
+    """
+    Validate all attributes on *inst* that have a validator.
+
+    Leaves all exceptions through.
+
+    :param inst: Instance of a class with ``attrs`` attributes.
+    """
+    if _config._run_validators is False:
+        return
+
+    for a in fields(inst.__class__):
+        v = a.validator
+        if v is not None:
+            v(inst, a, getattr(inst, a.name))
+
+
+def _is_slot_cls(cls):
+    return "__slots__" in cls.__dict__
+
+
+def _is_slot_attr(a_name, base_attr_map):
+    """
+    Check if the attribute name comes from a slot class.
+    """
+    return a_name in base_attr_map and _is_slot_cls(base_attr_map[a_name])
+
+
+def _make_init(
+    cls,
+    attrs,
+    pre_init,
+    post_init,
+    frozen,
+    slots,
+    cache_hash,
+    base_attr_map,
+    is_exc,
+    cls_on_setattr,
+    attrs_init,
+):
+    has_cls_on_setattr = (
+        cls_on_setattr is not None and cls_on_setattr is not setters.NO_OP
+    )
+
+    if frozen and has_cls_on_setattr:
+        raise ValueError("Frozen classes can't use on_setattr.")
+
+    needs_cached_setattr = cache_hash or frozen
+    filtered_attrs = []
+    attr_dict = {}
+    for a in attrs:
+        if not a.init and a.default is NOTHING:
+            continue
+
+        filtered_attrs.append(a)
+        attr_dict[a.name] = a
+
+        if a.on_setattr is not None:
+            if frozen is True:
+                raise ValueError("Frozen classes can't use on_setattr.")
+
+            needs_cached_setattr = True
+        elif has_cls_on_setattr and a.on_setattr is not setters.NO_OP:
+            needs_cached_setattr = True
+
+    unique_filename = _generate_unique_filename(cls, "init")
+
+    script, globs, annotations = _attrs_to_init_script(
+        filtered_attrs,
+        frozen,
+        slots,
+        pre_init,
+        post_init,
+        cache_hash,
+        base_attr_map,
+        is_exc,
+        needs_cached_setattr,
+        has_cls_on_setattr,
+        attrs_init,
+    )
+    if cls.__module__ in sys.modules:
+        # This makes typing.get_type_hints(CLS.__init__) resolve string types.
+        globs.update(sys.modules[cls.__module__].__dict__)
+
+    globs.update({"NOTHING": NOTHING, "attr_dict": attr_dict})
+
+    if needs_cached_setattr:
+        # Save the lookup overhead in __init__ if we need to circumvent
+        # setattr hooks.
+        globs["_cached_setattr"] = _obj_setattr
+
+    init = _make_method(
+        "__attrs_init__" if attrs_init else "__init__",
+        script,
+        unique_filename,
+        globs,
+    )
+    init.__annotations__ = annotations
+
+    return init
+
+
+def _setattr(attr_name, value_var, has_on_setattr):
+    """
+    Use the cached object.setattr to set *attr_name* to *value_var*.
+    """
+    return "_setattr('%s', %s)" % (attr_name, value_var)
+
+
+def _setattr_with_converter(attr_name, value_var, has_on_setattr):
+    """
+    Use the cached object.setattr to set *attr_name* to *value_var*, but run
+    its converter first.
+    """
+    return "_setattr('%s', %s(%s))" % (
+        attr_name,
+        _init_converter_pat % (attr_name,),
+        value_var,
+    )
+
+
+def _assign(attr_name, value, has_on_setattr):
+    """
+    Unless *attr_name* has an on_setattr hook, use normal assignment. Otherwise
+    relegate to _setattr.
+    """
+    if has_on_setattr:
+        return _setattr(attr_name, value, True)
+
+    return "self.%s = %s" % (attr_name, value)
+
+
+def _assign_with_converter(attr_name, value_var, has_on_setattr):
+    """
+    Unless *attr_name* has an on_setattr hook, use normal assignment after
+    conversion. Otherwise relegate to _setattr_with_converter.
+    """
+    if has_on_setattr:
+        return _setattr_with_converter(attr_name, value_var, True)
+
+    return "self.%s = %s(%s)" % (
+        attr_name,
+        _init_converter_pat % (attr_name,),
+        value_var,
+    )
+
+
+if PY2:
+
+    def _unpack_kw_only_py2(attr_name, default=None):
+        """
+        Unpack *attr_name* from _kw_only dict.
+        """
+        if default is not None:
+            arg_default = ", %s" % default
+        else:
+            arg_default = ""
+        return "%s = _kw_only.pop('%s'%s)" % (
+            attr_name,
+            attr_name,
+            arg_default,
+        )
+
+    def _unpack_kw_only_lines_py2(kw_only_args):
+        """
+        Unpack all *kw_only_args* from _kw_only dict and handle errors.
+
+        Given a list of strings "{attr_name}" and "{attr_name}={default}"
+        generates list of lines of code that pop attrs from _kw_only dict and
+        raise TypeError similar to builtin if required attr is missing or
+        extra key is passed.
+
+        >>> print("\n".join(_unpack_kw_only_lines_py2(["a", "b=42"])))
+        try:
+            a = _kw_only.pop('a')
+            b = _kw_only.pop('b', 42)
+        except KeyError as _key_error:
+            raise TypeError(
+                ...
+        if _kw_only:
+            raise TypeError(
+                ...
+        """
+        lines = ["try:"]
+        lines.extend(
+            "    " + _unpack_kw_only_py2(*arg.split("="))
+            for arg in kw_only_args
+        )
+        lines += """\
+except KeyError as _key_error:
+    raise TypeError(
+        '__init__() missing required keyword-only argument: %s' % _key_error
+    )
+if _kw_only:
+    raise TypeError(
+        '__init__() got an unexpected keyword argument %r'
+        % next(iter(_kw_only))
+    )
+""".split(
+            "\n"
+        )
+        return lines
+
+
+def _attrs_to_init_script(
+    attrs,
+    frozen,
+    slots,
+    pre_init,
+    post_init,
+    cache_hash,
+    base_attr_map,
+    is_exc,
+    needs_cached_setattr,
+    has_cls_on_setattr,
+    attrs_init,
+):
+    """
+    Return a script of an initializer for *attrs* and a dict of globals.
+
+    The globals are expected by the generated script.
+
+    If *frozen* is True, we cannot set the attributes directly so we use
+    a cached ``object.__setattr__``.
+    """
+    lines = []
+    if pre_init:
+        lines.append("self.__attrs_pre_init__()")
+
+    if needs_cached_setattr:
+        lines.append(
+            # Circumvent the __setattr__ descriptor to save one lookup per
+            # assignment.
+            # Note _setattr will be used again below if cache_hash is True
+            "_setattr = _cached_setattr.__get__(self, self.__class__)"
+        )
+
+    if frozen is True:
+        if slots is True:
+            fmt_setter = _setattr
+            fmt_setter_with_converter = _setattr_with_converter
+        else:
+            # Dict frozen classes assign directly to __dict__.
+            # But only if the attribute doesn't come from an ancestor slot
+            # class.
+            # Note _inst_dict will be used again below if cache_hash is True
+            lines.append("_inst_dict = self.__dict__")
+
+            def fmt_setter(attr_name, value_var, has_on_setattr):
+                if _is_slot_attr(attr_name, base_attr_map):
+                    return _setattr(attr_name, value_var, has_on_setattr)
+
+                return "_inst_dict['%s'] = %s" % (attr_name, value_var)
+
+            def fmt_setter_with_converter(
+                attr_name, value_var, has_on_setattr
+            ):
+                if has_on_setattr or _is_slot_attr(attr_name, base_attr_map):
+                    return _setattr_with_converter(
+                        attr_name, value_var, has_on_setattr
+                    )
+
+                return "_inst_dict['%s'] = %s(%s)" % (
+                    attr_name,
+                    _init_converter_pat % (attr_name,),
+                    value_var,
+                )
+
+    else:
+        # Not frozen.
+        fmt_setter = _assign
+        fmt_setter_with_converter = _assign_with_converter
+
+    args = []
+    kw_only_args = []
+    attrs_to_validate = []
+
+    # This is a dictionary of names to validator and converter callables.
+    # Injecting this into __init__ globals lets us avoid lookups.
+    names_for_globals = {}
+    annotations = {"return": None}
+
+    for a in attrs:
+        if a.validator:
+            attrs_to_validate.append(a)
+
+        attr_name = a.name
+        has_on_setattr = a.on_setattr is not None or (
+            a.on_setattr is not setters.NO_OP and has_cls_on_setattr
+        )
+        arg_name = a.name.lstrip("_")
+
+        has_factory = isinstance(a.default, Factory)
+        if has_factory and a.default.takes_self:
+            maybe_self = "self"
+        else:
+            maybe_self = ""
+
+        if a.init is False:
+            if has_factory:
+                init_factory_name = _init_factory_pat.format(a.name)
+                if a.converter is not None:
+                    lines.append(
+                        fmt_setter_with_converter(
+                            attr_name,
+                            init_factory_name + "(%s)" % (maybe_self,),
+                            has_on_setattr,
+                        )
+                    )
+                    conv_name = _init_converter_pat % (a.name,)
+                    names_for_globals[conv_name] = a.converter
+                else:
+                    lines.append(
+                        fmt_setter(
+                            attr_name,
+                            init_factory_name + "(%s)" % (maybe_self,),
+                            has_on_setattr,
+                        )
+                    )
+                names_for_globals[init_factory_name] = a.default.factory
+            else:
+                if a.converter is not None:
+                    lines.append(
+                        fmt_setter_with_converter(
+                            attr_name,
+                            "attr_dict['%s'].default" % (attr_name,),
+                            has_on_setattr,
+                        )
+                    )
+                    conv_name = _init_converter_pat % (a.name,)
+                    names_for_globals[conv_name] = a.converter
+                else:
+                    lines.append(
+                        fmt_setter(
+                            attr_name,
+                            "attr_dict['%s'].default" % (attr_name,),
+                            has_on_setattr,
+                        )
+                    )
+        elif a.default is not NOTHING and not has_factory:
+            arg = "%s=attr_dict['%s'].default" % (arg_name, attr_name)
+            if a.kw_only:
+                kw_only_args.append(arg)
+            else:
+                args.append(arg)
+
+            if a.converter is not None:
+                lines.append(
+                    fmt_setter_with_converter(
+                        attr_name, arg_name, has_on_setattr
+                    )
+                )
+                names_for_globals[
+                    _init_converter_pat % (a.name,)
+                ] = a.converter
+            else:
+                lines.append(fmt_setter(attr_name, arg_name, has_on_setattr))
+
+        elif has_factory:
+            arg = "%s=NOTHING" % (arg_name,)
+            if a.kw_only:
+                kw_only_args.append(arg)
+            else:
+                args.append(arg)
+            lines.append("if %s is not NOTHING:" % (arg_name,))
+
+            init_factory_name = _init_factory_pat.format(a.name)
+            if a.converter is not None:
+                lines.append(
+                    "    "
+                    + fmt_setter_with_converter(
+                        attr_name, arg_name, has_on_setattr
+                    )
+                )
+                lines.append("else:")
+                lines.append(
+                    "    "
+                    + fmt_setter_with_converter(
+                        attr_name,
+                        init_factory_name + "(" + maybe_self + ")",
+                        has_on_setattr,
+                    )
+                )
+                names_for_globals[
+                    _init_converter_pat % (a.name,)
+                ] = a.converter
+            else:
+                lines.append(
+                    "    " + fmt_setter(attr_name, arg_name, has_on_setattr)
+                )
+                lines.append("else:")
+                lines.append(
+                    "    "
+                    + fmt_setter(
+                        attr_name,
+                        init_factory_name + "(" + maybe_self + ")",
+                        has_on_setattr,
+                    )
+                )
+            names_for_globals[init_factory_name] = a.default.factory
+        else:
+            if a.kw_only:
+                kw_only_args.append(arg_name)
+            else:
+                args.append(arg_name)
+
+            if a.converter is not None:
+                lines.append(
+                    fmt_setter_with_converter(
+                        attr_name, arg_name, has_on_setattr
+                    )
+                )
+                names_for_globals[
+                    _init_converter_pat % (a.name,)
+                ] = a.converter
+            else:
+                lines.append(fmt_setter(attr_name, arg_name, has_on_setattr))
+
+        if a.init is True:
+            if a.type is not None and a.converter is None:
+                annotations[arg_name] = a.type
+            elif a.converter is not None and not PY2:
+                # Try to get the type from the converter.
+                sig = None
+                try:
+                    sig = inspect.signature(a.converter)
+                except (ValueError, TypeError):  # inspect failed
+                    pass
+                if sig:
+                    sig_params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+                    if (
+                        sig_params
+                        and sig_params[0].annotation
+                        is not inspect.Parameter.empty
+                    ):
+                        annotations[arg_name] = sig_params[0].annotation
+
+    if attrs_to_validate:  # we can skip this if there are no validators.
+        names_for_globals["_config"] = _config
+        lines.append("if _config._run_validators is True:")
+        for a in attrs_to_validate:
+            val_name = "__attr_validator_" + a.name
+            attr_name = "__attr_" + a.name
+            lines.append(
+                "    %s(self, %s, self.%s)" % (val_name, attr_name, a.name)
+            )
+            names_for_globals[val_name] = a.validator
+            names_for_globals[attr_name] = a
+
+    if post_init:
+        lines.append("self.__attrs_post_init__()")
+
+    # because this is set only after __attrs_post_init is called, a crash
+    # will result if post-init tries to access the hash code.  This seemed
+    # preferable to setting this beforehand, in which case alteration to
+    # field values during post-init combined with post-init accessing the
+    # hash code would result in silent bugs.
+    if cache_hash:
+        if frozen:
+            if slots:
+                # if frozen and slots, then _setattr defined above
+                init_hash_cache = "_setattr('%s', %s)"
+            else:
+                # if frozen and not slots, then _inst_dict defined above
+                init_hash_cache = "_inst_dict['%s'] = %s"
+        else:
+            init_hash_cache = "self.%s = %s"
+        lines.append(init_hash_cache % (_hash_cache_field, "None"))
+
+    # For exceptions we rely on BaseException.__init__ for proper
+    # initialization.
+    if is_exc:
+        vals = ",".join("self." + a.name for a in attrs if a.init)
+
+        lines.append("BaseException.__init__(self, %s)" % (vals,))
+
+    args = ", ".join(args)
+    if kw_only_args:
+        if PY2:
+            lines = _unpack_kw_only_lines_py2(kw_only_args) + lines
+
+            args += "%s**_kw_only" % (", " if args else "",)  # leading comma
+        else:
+            args += "%s*, %s" % (
+                ", " if args else "",  # leading comma
+                ", ".join(kw_only_args),  # kw_only args
+            )
+    return (
+        """\
+def {init_name}(self, {args}):
+    {lines}
+""".format(
+            init_name=("__attrs_init__" if attrs_init else "__init__"),
+            args=args,
+            lines="\n    ".join(lines) if lines else "pass",
+        ),
+        names_for_globals,
+        annotations,
+    )
+
+
+class Attribute(object):
+    """
+    *Read-only* representation of an attribute.
+
+    The class has *all* arguments of `attr.ib` (except for ``factory``
+    which is only syntactic sugar for ``default=Factory(...)`` plus the
+    following:
+
+    - ``name`` (`str`): The name of the attribute.
+    - ``inherited`` (`bool`): Whether or not that attribute has been inherited
+      from a base class.
+    - ``eq_key`` and ``order_key`` (`typing.Callable` or `None`): The callables
+      that are used for comparing and ordering objects by this attribute,
+      respectively. These are set by passing a callable to `attr.ib`'s ``eq``,
+      ``order``, or ``cmp`` arguments. See also :ref:`comparison customization
+      <custom-comparison>`.
+
+    Instances of this class are frequently used for introspection purposes
+    like:
+
+    - `fields` returns a tuple of them.
+    - Validators get them passed as the first argument.
+    - The :ref:`field transformer <transform-fields>` hook receives a list of
+      them.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0 *inherited*
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0 *on_setattr*
+    .. versionchanged:: 20.2.0 *inherited* is not taken into account for
+        equality checks and hashing anymore.
+    .. versionadded:: 21.1.0 *eq_key* and *order_key*
+
+    For the full version history of the fields, see `attr.ib`.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "name",
+        "default",
+        "validator",
+        "repr",
+        "eq",
+        "eq_key",
+        "order",
+        "order_key",
+        "hash",
+        "init",
+        "metadata",
+        "type",
+        "converter",
+        "kw_only",
+        "inherited",
+        "on_setattr",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name,
+        default,
+        validator,
+        repr,
+        cmp,  # XXX: unused, remove along with other cmp code.
+        hash,
+        init,
+        inherited,
+        metadata=None,
+        type=None,
+        converter=None,
+        kw_only=False,
+        eq=None,
+        eq_key=None,
+        order=None,
+        order_key=None,
+        on_setattr=None,
+    ):
+        eq, eq_key, order, order_key = _determine_attrib_eq_order(
+            cmp, eq_key or eq, order_key or order, True
+        )
+
+        # Cache this descriptor here to speed things up later.
+        bound_setattr = _obj_setattr.__get__(self, Attribute)
+
+        # Despite the big red warning, people *do* instantiate `Attribute`
+        # themselves.
+        bound_setattr("name", name)
+        bound_setattr("default", default)
+        bound_setattr("validator", validator)
+        bound_setattr("repr", repr)
+        bound_setattr("eq", eq)
+        bound_setattr("eq_key", eq_key)
+        bound_setattr("order", order)
+        bound_setattr("order_key", order_key)
+        bound_setattr("hash", hash)
+        bound_setattr("init", init)
+        bound_setattr("converter", converter)
+        bound_setattr(
+            "metadata",
+            (
+                metadata_proxy(metadata)
+                if metadata
+                else _empty_metadata_singleton
+            ),
+        )
+        bound_setattr("type", type)
+        bound_setattr("kw_only", kw_only)
+        bound_setattr("inherited", inherited)
+        bound_setattr("on_setattr", on_setattr)
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        raise FrozenInstanceError()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_counting_attr(cls, name, ca, type=None):
+        # type holds the annotated value. deal with conflicts:
+        if type is None:
+            type = ca.type
+        elif ca.type is not None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Type annotation and type argument cannot both be present"
+            )
+        inst_dict = {
+            k: getattr(ca, k)
+            for k in Attribute.__slots__
+            if k
+            not in (
+                "name",
+                "validator",
+                "default",
+                "type",
+                "inherited",
+            )  # exclude methods and deprecated alias
+        }
+        return cls(
+            name=name,
+            validator=ca._validator,
+            default=ca._default,
+            type=type,
+            cmp=None,
+            inherited=False,
+            **inst_dict
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def cmp(self):
+        """
+        Simulate the presence of a cmp attribute and warn.
+        """
+        warnings.warn(_CMP_DEPRECATION, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+        return self.eq and self.order
+
+    # Don't use attr.evolve since fields(Attribute) doesn't work
+    def evolve(self, **changes):
+        """
+        Copy *self* and apply *changes*.
+
+        This works similarly to `attr.evolve` but that function does not work
+        with ``Attribute``.
+
+        It is mainly meant to be used for `transform-fields`.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 20.3.0
+        """
+        new = copy.copy(self)
+
+        new._setattrs(changes.items())
+
+        return new
+
+    # Don't use _add_pickle since fields(Attribute) doesn't work
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        """
+        Play nice with pickle.
+        """
+        return tuple(
+            getattr(self, name) if name != "metadata" else dict(self.metadata)
+            for name in self.__slots__
+        )
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        """
+        Play nice with pickle.
+        """
+        self._setattrs(zip(self.__slots__, state))
+
+    def _setattrs(self, name_values_pairs):
+        bound_setattr = _obj_setattr.__get__(self, Attribute)
+        for name, value in name_values_pairs:
+            if name != "metadata":
+                bound_setattr(name, value)
+            else:
+                bound_setattr(
+                    name,
+                    metadata_proxy(value)
+                    if value
+                    else _empty_metadata_singleton,
+                )
+
+
+_a = [
+    Attribute(
+        name=name,
+        default=NOTHING,
+        validator=None,
+        repr=True,
+        cmp=None,
+        eq=True,
+        order=False,
+        hash=(name != "metadata"),
+        init=True,
+        inherited=False,
+    )
+    for name in Attribute.__slots__
+]
+
+Attribute = _add_hash(
+    _add_eq(
+        _add_repr(Attribute, attrs=_a),
+        attrs=[a for a in _a if a.name != "inherited"],
+    ),
+    attrs=[a for a in _a if a.hash and a.name != "inherited"],
+)
+
+
+class _CountingAttr(object):
+    """
+    Intermediate representation of attributes that uses a counter to preserve
+    the order in which the attributes have been defined.
+
+    *Internal* data structure of the attrs library.  Running into is most
+    likely the result of a bug like a forgotten `@attr.s` decorator.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "counter",
+        "_default",
+        "repr",
+        "eq",
+        "eq_key",
+        "order",
+        "order_key",
+        "hash",
+        "init",
+        "metadata",
+        "_validator",
+        "converter",
+        "type",
+        "kw_only",
+        "on_setattr",
+    )
+    __attrs_attrs__ = tuple(
+        Attribute(
+            name=name,
+            default=NOTHING,
+            validator=None,
+            repr=True,
+            cmp=None,
+            hash=True,
+            init=True,
+            kw_only=False,
+            eq=True,
+            eq_key=None,
+            order=False,
+            order_key=None,
+            inherited=False,
+            on_setattr=None,
+        )
+        for name in (
+            "counter",
+            "_default",
+            "repr",
+            "eq",
+            "order",
+            "hash",
+            "init",
+            "on_setattr",
+        )
+    ) + (
+        Attribute(
+            name="metadata",
+            default=None,
+            validator=None,
+            repr=True,
+            cmp=None,
+            hash=False,
+            init=True,
+            kw_only=False,
+            eq=True,
+            eq_key=None,
+            order=False,
+            order_key=None,
+            inherited=False,
+            on_setattr=None,
+        ),
+    )
+    cls_counter = 0
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        default,
+        validator,
+        repr,
+        cmp,
+        hash,
+        init,
+        converter,
+        metadata,
+        type,
+        kw_only,
+        eq,
+        eq_key,
+        order,
+        order_key,
+        on_setattr,
+    ):
+        _CountingAttr.cls_counter += 1
+        self.counter = _CountingAttr.cls_counter
+        self._default = default
+        self._validator = validator
+        self.converter = converter
+        self.repr = repr
+        self.eq = eq
+        self.eq_key = eq_key
+        self.order = order
+        self.order_key = order_key
+        self.hash = hash
+        self.init = init
+        self.metadata = metadata
+        self.type = type
+        self.kw_only = kw_only
+        self.on_setattr = on_setattr
+
+    def validator(self, meth):
+        """
+        Decorator that adds *meth* to the list of validators.
+
+        Returns *meth* unchanged.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 17.1.0
+        """
+        if self._validator is None:
+            self._validator = meth
+        else:
+            self._validator = and_(self._validator, meth)
+        return meth
+
+    def default(self, meth):
+        """
+        Decorator that allows to set the default for an attribute.
+
+        Returns *meth* unchanged.
+
+        :raises DefaultAlreadySetError: If default has been set before.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 17.1.0
+        """
+        if self._default is not NOTHING:
+            raise DefaultAlreadySetError()
+
+        self._default = Factory(meth, takes_self=True)
+
+        return meth
+
+
+_CountingAttr = _add_eq(_add_repr(_CountingAttr))
+
+
+class Factory(object):
+    """
+    Stores a factory callable.
+
+    If passed as the default value to `attrs.field`, the factory is used to
+    generate a new value.
+
+    :param callable factory: A callable that takes either none or exactly one
+        mandatory positional argument depending on *takes_self*.
+    :param bool takes_self: Pass the partially initialized instance that is
+        being initialized as a positional argument.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 17.1.0  *takes_self*
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("factory", "takes_self")
+
+    def __init__(self, factory, takes_self=False):
+        """
+        `Factory` is part of the default machinery so if we want a default
+        value here, we have to implement it ourselves.
+        """
+        self.factory = factory
+        self.takes_self = takes_self
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        """
+        Play nice with pickle.
+        """
+        return tuple(getattr(self, name) for name in self.__slots__)
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        """
+        Play nice with pickle.
+        """
+        for name, value in zip(self.__slots__, state):
+            setattr(self, name, value)
+
+
+_f = [
+    Attribute(
+        name=name,
+        default=NOTHING,
+        validator=None,
+        repr=True,
+        cmp=None,
+        eq=True,
+        order=False,
+        hash=True,
+        init=True,
+        inherited=False,
+    )
+    for name in Factory.__slots__
+]
+
+Factory = _add_hash(_add_eq(_add_repr(Factory, attrs=_f), attrs=_f), attrs=_f)
+
+
+def make_class(name, attrs, bases=(object,), **attributes_arguments):
+    """
+    A quick way to create a new class called *name* with *attrs*.
+
+    :param str name: The name for the new class.
+
+    :param attrs: A list of names or a dictionary of mappings of names to
+        attributes.
+
+        If *attrs* is a list or an ordered dict (`dict` on Python 3.6+,
+        `collections.OrderedDict` otherwise), the order is deduced from
+        the order of the names or attributes inside *attrs*.  Otherwise the
+        order of the definition of the attributes is used.
+    :type attrs: `list` or `dict`
+
+    :param tuple bases: Classes that the new class will subclass.
+
+    :param attributes_arguments: Passed unmodified to `attr.s`.
+
+    :return: A new class with *attrs*.
+    :rtype: type
+
+    .. versionadded:: 17.1.0 *bases*
+    .. versionchanged:: 18.1.0 If *attrs* is ordered, the order is retained.
+    """
+    if isinstance(attrs, dict):
+        cls_dict = attrs
+    elif isinstance(attrs, (list, tuple)):
+        cls_dict = dict((a, attrib()) for a in attrs)
+    else:
+        raise TypeError("attrs argument must be a dict or a list.")
+
+    pre_init = cls_dict.pop("__attrs_pre_init__", None)
+    post_init = cls_dict.pop("__attrs_post_init__", None)
+    user_init = cls_dict.pop("__init__", None)
+
+    body = {}
+    if pre_init is not None:
+        body["__attrs_pre_init__"] = pre_init
+    if post_init is not None:
+        body["__attrs_post_init__"] = post_init
+    if user_init is not None:
+        body["__init__"] = user_init
+
+    type_ = new_class(name, bases, {}, lambda ns: ns.update(body))
+
+    # For pickling to work, the __module__ variable needs to be set to the
+    # frame where the class is created.  Bypass this step in environments where
+    # sys._getframe is not defined (Jython for example) or sys._getframe is not
+    # defined for arguments greater than 0 (IronPython).
+    try:
+        type_.__module__ = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get(
+            "__name__", "__main__"
+        )
+    except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+        pass
+
+    # We do it here for proper warnings with meaningful stacklevel.
+    cmp = attributes_arguments.pop("cmp", None)
+    (
+        attributes_arguments["eq"],
+        attributes_arguments["order"],
+    ) = _determine_attrs_eq_order(
+        cmp,
+        attributes_arguments.get("eq"),
+        attributes_arguments.get("order"),
+        True,
+    )
+
+    return _attrs(these=cls_dict, **attributes_arguments)(type_)
+
+
+# These are required by within this module so we define them here and merely
+# import into .validators / .converters.
+
+
+@attrs(slots=True, hash=True)
+class _AndValidator(object):
+    """
+    Compose many validators to a single one.
+    """
+
+    _validators = attrib()
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        for v in self._validators:
+            v(inst, attr, value)
+
+
+def and_(*validators):
+    """
+    A validator that composes multiple validators into one.
+
+    When called on a value, it runs all wrapped validators.
+
+    :param callables validators: Arbitrary number of validators.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 17.1.0
+    """
+    vals = []
+    for validator in validators:
+        vals.extend(
+            validator._validators
+            if isinstance(validator, _AndValidator)
+            else [validator]
+        )
+
+    return _AndValidator(tuple(vals))
+
+
+def pipe(*converters):
+    """
+    A converter that composes multiple converters into one.
+
+    When called on a value, it runs all wrapped converters, returning the
+    *last* value.
+
+    Type annotations will be inferred from the wrapped converters', if
+    they have any.
+
+    :param callables converters: Arbitrary number of converters.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    """
+
+    def pipe_converter(val):
+        for converter in converters:
+            val = converter(val)
+
+        return val
+
+    if not PY2:
+        if not converters:
+            # If the converter list is empty, pipe_converter is the identity.
+            A = typing.TypeVar("A")
+            pipe_converter.__annotations__ = {"val": A, "return": A}
+        else:
+            # Get parameter type.
+            sig = None
+            try:
+                sig = inspect.signature(converters[0])
+            except (ValueError, TypeError):  # inspect failed
+                pass
+            if sig:
+                params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+                if (
+                    params
+                    and params[0].annotation is not inspect.Parameter.empty
+                ):
+                    pipe_converter.__annotations__["val"] = params[
+                        0
+                    ].annotation
+            # Get return type.
+            sig = None
+            try:
+                sig = inspect.signature(converters[-1])
+            except (ValueError, TypeError):  # inspect failed
+                pass
+            if sig and sig.return_annotation is not inspect.Signature().empty:
+                pipe_converter.__annotations__[
+                    "return"
+                ] = sig.return_annotation
+
+    return pipe_converter
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_next_gen.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_next_gen.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0682536
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_next_gen.py
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+"""
+These are Python 3.6+-only and keyword-only APIs that call `attr.s` and
+`attr.ib` with different default values.
+"""
+
+
+from functools import partial
+
+from . import setters
+from ._funcs import asdict as _asdict
+from ._funcs import astuple as _astuple
+from ._make import (
+    NOTHING,
+    _frozen_setattrs,
+    _ng_default_on_setattr,
+    attrib,
+    attrs,
+)
+from .exceptions import UnannotatedAttributeError
+
+
+def define(
+    maybe_cls=None,
+    *,
+    these=None,
+    repr=None,
+    hash=None,
+    init=None,
+    slots=True,
+    frozen=False,
+    weakref_slot=True,
+    str=False,
+    auto_attribs=None,
+    kw_only=False,
+    cache_hash=False,
+    auto_exc=True,
+    eq=None,
+    order=False,
+    auto_detect=True,
+    getstate_setstate=None,
+    on_setattr=None,
+    field_transformer=None,
+    match_args=True,
+):
+    r"""
+    Define an ``attrs`` class.
+
+    Differences to the classic `attr.s` that it uses underneath:
+
+    - Automatically detect whether or not *auto_attribs* should be `True`
+      (c.f. *auto_attribs* parameter).
+    - If *frozen* is `False`, run converters and validators when setting an
+      attribute by default.
+    - *slots=True* (see :term:`slotted classes` for potentially surprising
+      behaviors)
+    - *auto_exc=True*
+    - *auto_detect=True*
+    - *order=False*
+    - *match_args=True*
+    - Some options that were only relevant on Python 2 or were kept around for
+      backwards-compatibility have been removed.
+
+    Please note that these are all defaults and you can change them as you
+    wish.
+
+    :param Optional[bool] auto_attribs: If set to `True` or `False`, it behaves
+       exactly like `attr.s`. If left `None`, `attr.s` will try to guess:
+
+       1. If any attributes are annotated and no unannotated `attrs.fields`\ s
+          are found, it assumes *auto_attribs=True*.
+       2. Otherwise it assumes *auto_attribs=False* and tries to collect
+          `attrs.fields`\ s.
+
+    For now, please refer to `attr.s` for the rest of the parameters.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    .. versionchanged:: 21.3.0 Converters are also run ``on_setattr``.
+    """
+
+    def do_it(cls, auto_attribs):
+        return attrs(
+            maybe_cls=cls,
+            these=these,
+            repr=repr,
+            hash=hash,
+            init=init,
+            slots=slots,
+            frozen=frozen,
+            weakref_slot=weakref_slot,
+            str=str,
+            auto_attribs=auto_attribs,
+            kw_only=kw_only,
+            cache_hash=cache_hash,
+            auto_exc=auto_exc,
+            eq=eq,
+            order=order,
+            auto_detect=auto_detect,
+            collect_by_mro=True,
+            getstate_setstate=getstate_setstate,
+            on_setattr=on_setattr,
+            field_transformer=field_transformer,
+            match_args=match_args,
+        )
+
+    def wrap(cls):
+        """
+        Making this a wrapper ensures this code runs during class creation.
+
+        We also ensure that frozen-ness of classes is inherited.
+        """
+        nonlocal frozen, on_setattr
+
+        had_on_setattr = on_setattr not in (None, setters.NO_OP)
+
+        # By default, mutable classes convert & validate on setattr.
+        if frozen is False and on_setattr is None:
+            on_setattr = _ng_default_on_setattr
+
+        # However, if we subclass a frozen class, we inherit the immutability
+        # and disable on_setattr.
+        for base_cls in cls.__bases__:
+            if base_cls.__setattr__ is _frozen_setattrs:
+                if had_on_setattr:
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "Frozen classes can't use on_setattr "
+                        "(frozen-ness was inherited)."
+                    )
+
+                on_setattr = setters.NO_OP
+                break
+
+        if auto_attribs is not None:
+            return do_it(cls, auto_attribs)
+
+        try:
+            return do_it(cls, True)
+        except UnannotatedAttributeError:
+            return do_it(cls, False)
+
+    # maybe_cls's type depends on the usage of the decorator.  It's a class
+    # if it's used as `@attrs` but ``None`` if used as `@attrs()`.
+    if maybe_cls is None:
+        return wrap
+    else:
+        return wrap(maybe_cls)
+
+
+mutable = define
+frozen = partial(define, frozen=True, on_setattr=None)
+
+
+def field(
+    *,
+    default=NOTHING,
+    validator=None,
+    repr=True,
+    hash=None,
+    init=True,
+    metadata=None,
+    converter=None,
+    factory=None,
+    kw_only=False,
+    eq=None,
+    order=None,
+    on_setattr=None,
+):
+    """
+    Identical to `attr.ib`, except keyword-only and with some arguments
+    removed.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    """
+    return attrib(
+        default=default,
+        validator=validator,
+        repr=repr,
+        hash=hash,
+        init=init,
+        metadata=metadata,
+        converter=converter,
+        factory=factory,
+        kw_only=kw_only,
+        eq=eq,
+        order=order,
+        on_setattr=on_setattr,
+    )
+
+
+def asdict(inst, *, recurse=True, filter=None, value_serializer=None):
+    """
+    Same as `attr.asdict`, except that collections types are always retained
+    and dict is always used as *dict_factory*.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    return _asdict(
+        inst=inst,
+        recurse=recurse,
+        filter=filter,
+        value_serializer=value_serializer,
+        retain_collection_types=True,
+    )
+
+
+def astuple(inst, *, recurse=True, filter=None):
+    """
+    Same as `attr.astuple`, except that collections types are always retained
+    and `tuple` is always used as the *tuple_factory*.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    return _astuple(
+        inst=inst, recurse=recurse, filter=filter, retain_collection_types=True
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_version_info.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_version_info.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cdaeec3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_version_info.py
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+from functools import total_ordering
+
+from ._funcs import astuple
+from ._make import attrib, attrs
+
+
+@total_ordering
+@attrs(eq=False, order=False, slots=True, frozen=True)
+class VersionInfo(object):
+    """
+    A version object that can be compared to tuple of length 1--4:
+
+    >>> attr.VersionInfo(19, 1, 0, "final")  <= (19, 2)
+    True
+    >>> attr.VersionInfo(19, 1, 0, "final") < (19, 1, 1)
+    True
+    >>> vi = attr.VersionInfo(19, 2, 0, "final")
+    >>> vi < (19, 1, 1)
+    False
+    >>> vi < (19,)
+    False
+    >>> vi == (19, 2,)
+    True
+    >>> vi == (19, 2, 1)
+    False
+
+    .. versionadded:: 19.2
+    """
+
+    year = attrib(type=int)
+    minor = attrib(type=int)
+    micro = attrib(type=int)
+    releaselevel = attrib(type=str)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_version_string(cls, s):
+        """
+        Parse *s* and return a _VersionInfo.
+        """
+        v = s.split(".")
+        if len(v) == 3:
+            v.append("final")
+
+        return cls(
+            year=int(v[0]), minor=int(v[1]), micro=int(v[2]), releaselevel=v[3]
+        )
+
+    def _ensure_tuple(self, other):
+        """
+        Ensure *other* is a tuple of a valid length.
+
+        Returns a possibly transformed *other* and ourselves as a tuple of
+        the same length as *other*.
+        """
+
+        if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+            other = astuple(other)
+
+        if not isinstance(other, tuple):
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        if not (1 <= len(other) <= 4):
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        return astuple(self)[: len(other)], other
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        try:
+            us, them = self._ensure_tuple(other)
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return us == them
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        try:
+            us, them = self._ensure_tuple(other)
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        # Since alphabetically "dev0" < "final" < "post1" < "post2", we don't
+        # have to do anything special with releaselevel for now.
+        return us < them
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_version_info.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_version_info.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..45ced08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/_version_info.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+class VersionInfo:
+    @property
+    def year(self) -> int: ...
+    @property
+    def minor(self) -> int: ...
+    @property
+    def micro(self) -> int: ...
+    @property
+    def releaselevel(self) -> str: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/converters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/converters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1fb6c05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/converters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+"""
+Commonly useful converters.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+from ._compat import PY2
+from ._make import NOTHING, Factory, pipe
+
+
+if not PY2:
+    import inspect
+    import typing
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "default_if_none",
+    "optional",
+    "pipe",
+    "to_bool",
+]
+
+
+def optional(converter):
+    """
+    A converter that allows an attribute to be optional. An optional attribute
+    is one which can be set to ``None``.
+
+    Type annotations will be inferred from the wrapped converter's, if it
+    has any.
+
+    :param callable converter: the converter that is used for non-``None``
+        values.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 17.1.0
+    """
+
+    def optional_converter(val):
+        if val is None:
+            return None
+        return converter(val)
+
+    if not PY2:
+        sig = None
+        try:
+            sig = inspect.signature(converter)
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):  # inspect failed
+            pass
+        if sig:
+            params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+            if params and params[0].annotation is not inspect.Parameter.empty:
+                optional_converter.__annotations__["val"] = typing.Optional[
+                    params[0].annotation
+                ]
+            if sig.return_annotation is not inspect.Signature.empty:
+                optional_converter.__annotations__["return"] = typing.Optional[
+                    sig.return_annotation
+                ]
+
+    return optional_converter
+
+
+def default_if_none(default=NOTHING, factory=None):
+    """
+    A converter that allows to replace ``None`` values by *default* or the
+    result of *factory*.
+
+    :param default: Value to be used if ``None`` is passed. Passing an instance
+       of `attrs.Factory` is supported, however the ``takes_self`` option
+       is *not*.
+    :param callable factory: A callable that takes no parameters whose result
+       is used if ``None`` is passed.
+
+    :raises TypeError: If **neither** *default* or *factory* is passed.
+    :raises TypeError: If **both** *default* and *factory* are passed.
+    :raises ValueError: If an instance of `attrs.Factory` is passed with
+       ``takes_self=True``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 18.2.0
+    """
+    if default is NOTHING and factory is None:
+        raise TypeError("Must pass either `default` or `factory`.")
+
+    if default is not NOTHING and factory is not None:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "Must pass either `default` or `factory` but not both."
+        )
+
+    if factory is not None:
+        default = Factory(factory)
+
+    if isinstance(default, Factory):
+        if default.takes_self:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "`takes_self` is not supported by default_if_none."
+            )
+
+        def default_if_none_converter(val):
+            if val is not None:
+                return val
+
+            return default.factory()
+
+    else:
+
+        def default_if_none_converter(val):
+            if val is not None:
+                return val
+
+            return default
+
+    return default_if_none_converter
+
+
+def to_bool(val):
+    """
+    Convert "boolean" strings (e.g., from env. vars.) to real booleans.
+
+    Values mapping to :code:`True`:
+
+    - :code:`True`
+    - :code:`"true"` / :code:`"t"`
+    - :code:`"yes"` / :code:`"y"`
+    - :code:`"on"`
+    - :code:`"1"`
+    - :code:`1`
+
+    Values mapping to :code:`False`:
+
+    - :code:`False`
+    - :code:`"false"` / :code:`"f"`
+    - :code:`"no"` / :code:`"n"`
+    - :code:`"off"`
+    - :code:`"0"`
+    - :code:`0`
+
+    :raises ValueError: for any other value.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    if isinstance(val, str):
+        val = val.lower()
+    truthy = {True, "true", "t", "yes", "y", "on", "1", 1}
+    falsy = {False, "false", "f", "no", "n", "off", "0", 0}
+    try:
+        if val in truthy:
+            return True
+        if val in falsy:
+            return False
+    except TypeError:
+        # Raised when "val" is not hashable (e.g., lists)
+        pass
+    raise ValueError("Cannot convert value to bool: {}".format(val))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/converters.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/converters.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f58088
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/converters.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from typing import Callable, Optional, TypeVar, overload
+
+from . import _ConverterType
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+
+def pipe(*validators: _ConverterType) -> _ConverterType: ...
+def optional(converter: _ConverterType) -> _ConverterType: ...
+@overload
+def default_if_none(default: _T) -> _ConverterType: ...
+@overload
+def default_if_none(*, factory: Callable[[], _T]) -> _ConverterType: ...
+def to_bool(val: str) -> bool: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2f1edc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+
+class FrozenError(AttributeError):
+    """
+    A frozen/immutable instance or attribute have been attempted to be
+    modified.
+
+    It mirrors the behavior of ``namedtuples`` by using the same error message
+    and subclassing `AttributeError`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    """
+
+    msg = "can't set attribute"
+    args = [msg]
+
+
+class FrozenInstanceError(FrozenError):
+    """
+    A frozen instance has been attempted to be modified.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 16.1.0
+    """
+
+
+class FrozenAttributeError(FrozenError):
+    """
+    A frozen attribute has been attempted to be modified.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    """
+
+
+class AttrsAttributeNotFoundError(ValueError):
+    """
+    An ``attrs`` function couldn't find an attribute that the user asked for.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 16.2.0
+    """
+
+
+class NotAnAttrsClassError(ValueError):
+    """
+    A non-``attrs`` class has been passed into an ``attrs`` function.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 16.2.0
+    """
+
+
+class DefaultAlreadySetError(RuntimeError):
+    """
+    A default has been set using ``attr.ib()`` and is attempted to be reset
+    using the decorator.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 17.1.0
+    """
+
+
+class UnannotatedAttributeError(RuntimeError):
+    """
+    A class with ``auto_attribs=True`` has an ``attr.ib()`` without a type
+    annotation.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 17.3.0
+    """
+
+
+class PythonTooOldError(RuntimeError):
+    """
+    It was attempted to use an ``attrs`` feature that requires a newer Python
+    version.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 18.2.0
+    """
+
+
+class NotCallableError(TypeError):
+    """
+    A ``attr.ib()`` requiring a callable has been set with a value
+    that is not callable.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 19.2.0
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, msg, value):
+        super(TypeError, self).__init__(msg, value)
+        self.msg = msg
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.msg)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/exceptions.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/exceptions.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f268011
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/exceptions.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from typing import Any
+
+class FrozenError(AttributeError):
+    msg: str = ...
+
+class FrozenInstanceError(FrozenError): ...
+class FrozenAttributeError(FrozenError): ...
+class AttrsAttributeNotFoundError(ValueError): ...
+class NotAnAttrsClassError(ValueError): ...
+class DefaultAlreadySetError(RuntimeError): ...
+class UnannotatedAttributeError(RuntimeError): ...
+class PythonTooOldError(RuntimeError): ...
+
+class NotCallableError(TypeError):
+    msg: str = ...
+    value: Any = ...
+    def __init__(self, msg: str, value: Any) -> None: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/filters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/filters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1978a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/filters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+"""
+Commonly useful filters for `attr.asdict`.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+from ._compat import isclass
+from ._make import Attribute
+
+
+def _split_what(what):
+    """
+    Returns a tuple of `frozenset`s of classes and attributes.
+    """
+    return (
+        frozenset(cls for cls in what if isclass(cls)),
+        frozenset(cls for cls in what if isinstance(cls, Attribute)),
+    )
+
+
+def include(*what):
+    """
+    Include *what*.
+
+    :param what: What to include.
+    :type what: `list` of `type` or `attrs.Attribute`\\ s
+
+    :rtype: `callable`
+    """
+    cls, attrs = _split_what(what)
+
+    def include_(attribute, value):
+        return value.__class__ in cls or attribute in attrs
+
+    return include_
+
+
+def exclude(*what):
+    """
+    Exclude *what*.
+
+    :param what: What to exclude.
+    :type what: `list` of classes or `attrs.Attribute`\\ s.
+
+    :rtype: `callable`
+    """
+    cls, attrs = _split_what(what)
+
+    def exclude_(attribute, value):
+        return value.__class__ not in cls and attribute not in attrs
+
+    return exclude_
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/filters.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/filters.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9938668
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/filters.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+from typing import Any, Union
+
+from . import Attribute, _FilterType
+
+def include(*what: Union[type, Attribute[Any]]) -> _FilterType[Any]: ...
+def exclude(*what: Union[type, Attribute[Any]]) -> _FilterType[Any]: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/setters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/setters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1cbb5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/setters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+"""
+Commonly used hooks for on_setattr.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+from . import _config
+from .exceptions import FrozenAttributeError
+
+
+def pipe(*setters):
+    """
+    Run all *setters* and return the return value of the last one.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    """
+
+    def wrapped_pipe(instance, attrib, new_value):
+        rv = new_value
+
+        for setter in setters:
+            rv = setter(instance, attrib, rv)
+
+        return rv
+
+    return wrapped_pipe
+
+
+def frozen(_, __, ___):
+    """
+    Prevent an attribute to be modified.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    """
+    raise FrozenAttributeError()
+
+
+def validate(instance, attrib, new_value):
+    """
+    Run *attrib*'s validator on *new_value* if it has one.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    """
+    if _config._run_validators is False:
+        return new_value
+
+    v = attrib.validator
+    if not v:
+        return new_value
+
+    v(instance, attrib, new_value)
+
+    return new_value
+
+
+def convert(instance, attrib, new_value):
+    """
+    Run *attrib*'s converter -- if it has one --  on *new_value* and return the
+    result.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+    """
+    c = attrib.converter
+    if c:
+        return c(new_value)
+
+    return new_value
+
+
+NO_OP = object()
+"""
+Sentinel for disabling class-wide *on_setattr* hooks for certain attributes.
+
+Does not work in `pipe` or within lists.
+
+.. versionadded:: 20.1.0
+"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/setters.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/setters.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f5603c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/setters.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from typing import Any, NewType, NoReturn, TypeVar, cast
+
+from . import Attribute, _OnSetAttrType
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+
+def frozen(
+    instance: Any, attribute: Attribute[Any], new_value: Any
+) -> NoReturn: ...
+def pipe(*setters: _OnSetAttrType) -> _OnSetAttrType: ...
+def validate(instance: Any, attribute: Attribute[_T], new_value: _T) -> _T: ...
+
+# convert is allowed to return Any, because they can be chained using pipe.
+def convert(
+    instance: Any, attribute: Attribute[Any], new_value: Any
+) -> Any: ...
+
+_NoOpType = NewType("_NoOpType", object)
+NO_OP: _NoOpType
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/validators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/validators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b0c834
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/validators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,561 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+"""
+Commonly useful validators.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import operator
+import re
+
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+from ._config import get_run_validators, set_run_validators
+from ._make import _AndValidator, and_, attrib, attrs
+from .exceptions import NotCallableError
+
+
+try:
+    Pattern = re.Pattern
+except AttributeError:  # Python <3.7 lacks a Pattern type.
+    Pattern = type(re.compile(""))
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "and_",
+    "deep_iterable",
+    "deep_mapping",
+    "disabled",
+    "ge",
+    "get_disabled",
+    "gt",
+    "in_",
+    "instance_of",
+    "is_callable",
+    "le",
+    "lt",
+    "matches_re",
+    "max_len",
+    "optional",
+    "provides",
+    "set_disabled",
+]
+
+
+def set_disabled(disabled):
+    """
+    Globally disable or enable running validators.
+
+    By default, they are run.
+
+    :param disabled: If ``True``, disable running all validators.
+    :type disabled: bool
+
+    .. warning::
+
+        This function is not thread-safe!
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    set_run_validators(not disabled)
+
+
+def get_disabled():
+    """
+    Return a bool indicating whether validators are currently disabled or not.
+
+    :return: ``True`` if validators are currently disabled.
+    :rtype: bool
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    return not get_run_validators()
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def disabled():
+    """
+    Context manager that disables running validators within its context.
+
+    .. warning::
+
+        This context manager is not thread-safe!
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    set_run_validators(False)
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        set_run_validators(True)
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, slots=True, hash=True)
+class _InstanceOfValidator(object):
+    type = attrib()
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        """
+        We use a callable class to be able to change the ``__repr__``.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(value, self.type):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "'{name}' must be {type!r} (got {value!r} that is a "
+                "{actual!r}).".format(
+                    name=attr.name,
+                    type=self.type,
+                    actual=value.__class__,
+                    value=value,
+                ),
+                attr,
+                self.type,
+                value,
+            )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<instance_of validator for type {type!r}>".format(
+            type=self.type
+        )
+
+
+def instance_of(type):
+    """
+    A validator that raises a `TypeError` if the initializer is called
+    with a wrong type for this particular attribute (checks are performed using
+    `isinstance` therefore it's also valid to pass a tuple of types).
+
+    :param type: The type to check for.
+    :type type: type or tuple of types
+
+    :raises TypeError: With a human readable error message, the attribute
+        (of type `attrs.Attribute`), the expected type, and the value it
+        got.
+    """
+    return _InstanceOfValidator(type)
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, frozen=True, slots=True)
+class _MatchesReValidator(object):
+    pattern = attrib()
+    match_func = attrib()
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        """
+        We use a callable class to be able to change the ``__repr__``.
+        """
+        if not self.match_func(value):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "'{name}' must match regex {pattern!r}"
+                " ({value!r} doesn't)".format(
+                    name=attr.name, pattern=self.pattern.pattern, value=value
+                ),
+                attr,
+                self.pattern,
+                value,
+            )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<matches_re validator for pattern {pattern!r}>".format(
+            pattern=self.pattern
+        )
+
+
+def matches_re(regex, flags=0, func=None):
+    r"""
+    A validator that raises `ValueError` if the initializer is called
+    with a string that doesn't match *regex*.
+
+    :param regex: a regex string or precompiled pattern to match against
+    :param int flags: flags that will be passed to the underlying re function
+        (default 0)
+    :param callable func: which underlying `re` function to call (options
+        are `re.fullmatch`, `re.search`, `re.match`, default
+        is ``None`` which means either `re.fullmatch` or an emulation of
+        it on Python 2). For performance reasons, they won't be used directly
+        but on a pre-`re.compile`\ ed pattern.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 19.2.0
+    .. versionchanged:: 21.3.0 *regex* can be a pre-compiled pattern.
+    """
+    fullmatch = getattr(re, "fullmatch", None)
+    valid_funcs = (fullmatch, None, re.search, re.match)
+    if func not in valid_funcs:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "'func' must be one of {}.".format(
+                ", ".join(
+                    sorted(
+                        e and e.__name__ or "None" for e in set(valid_funcs)
+                    )
+                )
+            )
+        )
+
+    if isinstance(regex, Pattern):
+        if flags:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "'flags' can only be used with a string pattern; "
+                "pass flags to re.compile() instead"
+            )
+        pattern = regex
+    else:
+        pattern = re.compile(regex, flags)
+
+    if func is re.match:
+        match_func = pattern.match
+    elif func is re.search:
+        match_func = pattern.search
+    elif fullmatch:
+        match_func = pattern.fullmatch
+    else:  # Python 2 fullmatch emulation (https://bugs.python.org/issue16203)
+        pattern = re.compile(
+            r"(?:{})\Z".format(pattern.pattern), pattern.flags
+        )
+        match_func = pattern.match
+
+    return _MatchesReValidator(pattern, match_func)
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, slots=True, hash=True)
+class _ProvidesValidator(object):
+    interface = attrib()
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        """
+        We use a callable class to be able to change the ``__repr__``.
+        """
+        if not self.interface.providedBy(value):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "'{name}' must provide {interface!r} which {value!r} "
+                "doesn't.".format(
+                    name=attr.name, interface=self.interface, value=value
+                ),
+                attr,
+                self.interface,
+                value,
+            )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<provides validator for interface {interface!r}>".format(
+            interface=self.interface
+        )
+
+
+def provides(interface):
+    """
+    A validator that raises a `TypeError` if the initializer is called
+    with an object that does not provide the requested *interface* (checks are
+    performed using ``interface.providedBy(value)`` (see `zope.interface
+    <https://zopeinterface.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_).
+
+    :param interface: The interface to check for.
+    :type interface: ``zope.interface.Interface``
+
+    :raises TypeError: With a human readable error message, the attribute
+        (of type `attrs.Attribute`), the expected interface, and the
+        value it got.
+    """
+    return _ProvidesValidator(interface)
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, slots=True, hash=True)
+class _OptionalValidator(object):
+    validator = attrib()
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        if value is None:
+            return
+
+        self.validator(inst, attr, value)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<optional validator for {what} or None>".format(
+            what=repr(self.validator)
+        )
+
+
+def optional(validator):
+    """
+    A validator that makes an attribute optional.  An optional attribute is one
+    which can be set to ``None`` in addition to satisfying the requirements of
+    the sub-validator.
+
+    :param validator: A validator (or a list of validators) that is used for
+        non-``None`` values.
+    :type validator: callable or `list` of callables.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 15.1.0
+    .. versionchanged:: 17.1.0 *validator* can be a list of validators.
+    """
+    if isinstance(validator, list):
+        return _OptionalValidator(_AndValidator(validator))
+    return _OptionalValidator(validator)
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, slots=True, hash=True)
+class _InValidator(object):
+    options = attrib()
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        try:
+            in_options = value in self.options
+        except TypeError:  # e.g. `1 in "abc"`
+            in_options = False
+
+        if not in_options:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "'{name}' must be in {options!r} (got {value!r})".format(
+                    name=attr.name, options=self.options, value=value
+                )
+            )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<in_ validator with options {options!r}>".format(
+            options=self.options
+        )
+
+
+def in_(options):
+    """
+    A validator that raises a `ValueError` if the initializer is called
+    with a value that does not belong in the options provided.  The check is
+    performed using ``value in options``.
+
+    :param options: Allowed options.
+    :type options: list, tuple, `enum.Enum`, ...
+
+    :raises ValueError: With a human readable error message, the attribute (of
+       type `attrs.Attribute`), the expected options, and the value it
+       got.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 17.1.0
+    """
+    return _InValidator(options)
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, slots=False, hash=True)
+class _IsCallableValidator(object):
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        """
+        We use a callable class to be able to change the ``__repr__``.
+        """
+        if not callable(value):
+            message = (
+                "'{name}' must be callable "
+                "(got {value!r} that is a {actual!r})."
+            )
+            raise NotCallableError(
+                msg=message.format(
+                    name=attr.name, value=value, actual=value.__class__
+                ),
+                value=value,
+            )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<is_callable validator>"
+
+
+def is_callable():
+    """
+    A validator that raises a `attr.exceptions.NotCallableError` if the
+    initializer is called with a value for this particular attribute
+    that is not callable.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 19.1.0
+
+    :raises `attr.exceptions.NotCallableError`: With a human readable error
+        message containing the attribute (`attrs.Attribute`) name,
+        and the value it got.
+    """
+    return _IsCallableValidator()
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, slots=True, hash=True)
+class _DeepIterable(object):
+    member_validator = attrib(validator=is_callable())
+    iterable_validator = attrib(
+        default=None, validator=optional(is_callable())
+    )
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        """
+        We use a callable class to be able to change the ``__repr__``.
+        """
+        if self.iterable_validator is not None:
+            self.iterable_validator(inst, attr, value)
+
+        for member in value:
+            self.member_validator(inst, attr, member)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        iterable_identifier = (
+            ""
+            if self.iterable_validator is None
+            else " {iterable!r}".format(iterable=self.iterable_validator)
+        )
+        return (
+            "<deep_iterable validator for{iterable_identifier}"
+            " iterables of {member!r}>"
+        ).format(
+            iterable_identifier=iterable_identifier,
+            member=self.member_validator,
+        )
+
+
+def deep_iterable(member_validator, iterable_validator=None):
+    """
+    A validator that performs deep validation of an iterable.
+
+    :param member_validator: Validator to apply to iterable members
+    :param iterable_validator: Validator to apply to iterable itself
+        (optional)
+
+    .. versionadded:: 19.1.0
+
+    :raises TypeError: if any sub-validators fail
+    """
+    return _DeepIterable(member_validator, iterable_validator)
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, slots=True, hash=True)
+class _DeepMapping(object):
+    key_validator = attrib(validator=is_callable())
+    value_validator = attrib(validator=is_callable())
+    mapping_validator = attrib(default=None, validator=optional(is_callable()))
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        """
+        We use a callable class to be able to change the ``__repr__``.
+        """
+        if self.mapping_validator is not None:
+            self.mapping_validator(inst, attr, value)
+
+        for key in value:
+            self.key_validator(inst, attr, key)
+            self.value_validator(inst, attr, value[key])
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return (
+            "<deep_mapping validator for objects mapping {key!r} to {value!r}>"
+        ).format(key=self.key_validator, value=self.value_validator)
+
+
+def deep_mapping(key_validator, value_validator, mapping_validator=None):
+    """
+    A validator that performs deep validation of a dictionary.
+
+    :param key_validator: Validator to apply to dictionary keys
+    :param value_validator: Validator to apply to dictionary values
+    :param mapping_validator: Validator to apply to top-level mapping
+        attribute (optional)
+
+    .. versionadded:: 19.1.0
+
+    :raises TypeError: if any sub-validators fail
+    """
+    return _DeepMapping(key_validator, value_validator, mapping_validator)
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, frozen=True, slots=True)
+class _NumberValidator(object):
+    bound = attrib()
+    compare_op = attrib()
+    compare_func = attrib()
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        """
+        We use a callable class to be able to change the ``__repr__``.
+        """
+        if not self.compare_func(value, self.bound):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "'{name}' must be {op} {bound}: {value}".format(
+                    name=attr.name,
+                    op=self.compare_op,
+                    bound=self.bound,
+                    value=value,
+                )
+            )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<Validator for x {op} {bound}>".format(
+            op=self.compare_op, bound=self.bound
+        )
+
+
+def lt(val):
+    """
+    A validator that raises `ValueError` if the initializer is called
+    with a number larger or equal to *val*.
+
+    :param val: Exclusive upper bound for values
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    return _NumberValidator(val, "<", operator.lt)
+
+
+def le(val):
+    """
+    A validator that raises `ValueError` if the initializer is called
+    with a number greater than *val*.
+
+    :param val: Inclusive upper bound for values
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    return _NumberValidator(val, "<=", operator.le)
+
+
+def ge(val):
+    """
+    A validator that raises `ValueError` if the initializer is called
+    with a number smaller than *val*.
+
+    :param val: Inclusive lower bound for values
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    return _NumberValidator(val, ">=", operator.ge)
+
+
+def gt(val):
+    """
+    A validator that raises `ValueError` if the initializer is called
+    with a number smaller or equal to *val*.
+
+    :param val: Exclusive lower bound for values
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    return _NumberValidator(val, ">", operator.gt)
+
+
+@attrs(repr=False, frozen=True, slots=True)
+class _MaxLengthValidator(object):
+    max_length = attrib()
+
+    def __call__(self, inst, attr, value):
+        """
+        We use a callable class to be able to change the ``__repr__``.
+        """
+        if len(value) > self.max_length:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Length of '{name}' must be <= {max}: {len}".format(
+                    name=attr.name, max=self.max_length, len=len(value)
+                )
+            )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<max_len validator for {max}>".format(max=self.max_length)
+
+
+def max_len(length):
+    """
+    A validator that raises `ValueError` if the initializer is called
+    with a string or iterable that is longer than *length*.
+
+    :param int length: Maximum length of the string or iterable
+
+    .. versionadded:: 21.3.0
+    """
+    return _MaxLengthValidator(length)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/validators.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/validators.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e00b85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attr/validators.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    AnyStr,
+    Callable,
+    Container,
+    ContextManager,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Match,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    overload,
+)
+
+from . import _ValidatorType
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+_T1 = TypeVar("_T1")
+_T2 = TypeVar("_T2")
+_T3 = TypeVar("_T3")
+_I = TypeVar("_I", bound=Iterable)
+_K = TypeVar("_K")
+_V = TypeVar("_V")
+_M = TypeVar("_M", bound=Mapping)
+
+def set_disabled(run: bool) -> None: ...
+def get_disabled() -> bool: ...
+def disabled() -> ContextManager[None]: ...
+
+# To be more precise on instance_of use some overloads.
+# If there are more than 3 items in the tuple then we fall back to Any
+@overload
+def instance_of(type: Type[_T]) -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
+@overload
+def instance_of(type: Tuple[Type[_T]]) -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
+@overload
+def instance_of(
+    type: Tuple[Type[_T1], Type[_T2]]
+) -> _ValidatorType[Union[_T1, _T2]]: ...
+@overload
+def instance_of(
+    type: Tuple[Type[_T1], Type[_T2], Type[_T3]]
+) -> _ValidatorType[Union[_T1, _T2, _T3]]: ...
+@overload
+def instance_of(type: Tuple[type, ...]) -> _ValidatorType[Any]: ...
+def provides(interface: Any) -> _ValidatorType[Any]: ...
+def optional(
+    validator: Union[_ValidatorType[_T], List[_ValidatorType[_T]]]
+) -> _ValidatorType[Optional[_T]]: ...
+def in_(options: Container[_T]) -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
+def and_(*validators: _ValidatorType[_T]) -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
+def matches_re(
+    regex: Union[Pattern[AnyStr], AnyStr],
+    flags: int = ...,
+    func: Optional[
+        Callable[[AnyStr, AnyStr, int], Optional[Match[AnyStr]]]
+    ] = ...,
+) -> _ValidatorType[AnyStr]: ...
+def deep_iterable(
+    member_validator: _ValidatorType[_T],
+    iterable_validator: Optional[_ValidatorType[_I]] = ...,
+) -> _ValidatorType[_I]: ...
+def deep_mapping(
+    key_validator: _ValidatorType[_K],
+    value_validator: _ValidatorType[_V],
+    mapping_validator: Optional[_ValidatorType[_M]] = ...,
+) -> _ValidatorType[_M]: ...
+def is_callable() -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
+def lt(val: _T) -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
+def le(val: _T) -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
+def ge(val: _T) -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
+def gt(val: _T) -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
+def max_len(length: int) -> _ValidatorType[_T]: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.rst b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f14ef6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Credits
+=======
+
+``attrs`` is written and maintained by `Hynek Schlawack <https://hynek.me/>`_.
+
+The development is kindly supported by `Variomedia AG <https://www.variomedia.de/>`_.
+
+A full list of contributors can be found in `GitHub's overview <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/graphs/contributors>`_.
+
+It’s the spiritual successor of `characteristic <https://characteristic.readthedocs.io/>`_ and aspires to fix some of it clunkiness and unfortunate decisions.
+Both were inspired by Twisted’s `FancyEqMixin <https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.python.util.FancyEqMixin.html>`_ but both are implemented using class decorators because `subclassing is bad for you <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3MNVP9-hglc>`_, m’kay?
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ae3df9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015 Hynek Schlawack
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa327d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: attrs
+Version: 21.4.0
+Summary: Classes Without Boilerplate
+Home-page: https://www.attrs.org/
+Author: Hynek Schlawack
+Author-email: hs@ox.cx
+Maintainer: Hynek Schlawack
+Maintainer-email: hs@ox.cx
+License: MIT
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://www.attrs.org/
+Project-URL: Changelog, https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/changelog.html
+Project-URL: Bug Tracker, https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues
+Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs
+Project-URL: Funding, https://github.com/sponsors/hynek
+Project-URL: Tidelift, https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-attrs?utm_source=pypi-attrs&utm_medium=pypi
+Project-URL: Ko-fi, https://ko-fi.com/the_hynek
+Keywords: class,attribute,boilerplate
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Natural Language :: English
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Requires-Python: >=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+License-File: LICENSE
+License-File: AUTHORS.rst
+Provides-Extra: dev
+Requires-Dist: coverage[toml] (>=5.0.2) ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: hypothesis ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: pympler ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: pytest (>=4.3.0) ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: six ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: mypy ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-mypy-plugins ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: zope.interface ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: furo ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx-notfound-page ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: pre-commit ; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: cloudpickle ; (platform_python_implementation == "CPython") and extra == 'dev'
+Provides-Extra: docs
+Requires-Dist: furo ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: zope.interface ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx-notfound-page ; extra == 'docs'
+Provides-Extra: tests
+Requires-Dist: coverage[toml] (>=5.0.2) ; extra == 'tests'
+Requires-Dist: hypothesis ; extra == 'tests'
+Requires-Dist: pympler ; extra == 'tests'
+Requires-Dist: pytest (>=4.3.0) ; extra == 'tests'
+Requires-Dist: six ; extra == 'tests'
+Requires-Dist: mypy ; extra == 'tests'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-mypy-plugins ; extra == 'tests'
+Requires-Dist: zope.interface ; extra == 'tests'
+Requires-Dist: cloudpickle ; (platform_python_implementation == "CPython") and extra == 'tests'
+Provides-Extra: tests_no_zope
+Requires-Dist: coverage[toml] (>=5.0.2) ; extra == 'tests_no_zope'
+Requires-Dist: hypothesis ; extra == 'tests_no_zope'
+Requires-Dist: pympler ; extra == 'tests_no_zope'
+Requires-Dist: pytest (>=4.3.0) ; extra == 'tests_no_zope'
+Requires-Dist: six ; extra == 'tests_no_zope'
+Requires-Dist: mypy ; extra == 'tests_no_zope'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-mypy-plugins ; extra == 'tests_no_zope'
+Requires-Dist: cloudpickle ; (platform_python_implementation == "CPython") and extra == 'tests_no_zope'
+
+
+.. image:: https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/_static/attrs_logo.png
+   :alt: attrs logo
+   :align: center
+
+
+``attrs`` is the Python package that will bring back the **joy** of **writing classes** by relieving you from the drudgery of implementing object protocols (aka `dunder methods <https://www.attrs.org/en/latest/glossary.html#term-dunder-methods>`_).
+`Trusted by NASA <https://docs.github.com/en/account-and-profile/setting-up-and-managing-your-github-profile/customizing-your-profile/personalizing-your-profile#list-of-qualifying-repositories-for-mars-2020-helicopter-contributor-badge>`_ for Mars missions since 2020!
+
+Its main goal is to help you to write **concise** and **correct** software without slowing down your code.
+
+.. teaser-end
+
+For that, it gives you a class decorator and a way to declaratively define the attributes on that class:
+
+.. -code-begin-
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+   >>> from attrs import asdict, define, make_class, Factory
+
+   >>> @define
+   ... class SomeClass:
+   ...     a_number: int = 42
+   ...     list_of_numbers: list[int] = Factory(list)
+   ...
+   ...     def hard_math(self, another_number):
+   ...         return self.a_number + sum(self.list_of_numbers) * another_number
+
+
+   >>> sc = SomeClass(1, [1, 2, 3])
+   >>> sc
+   SomeClass(a_number=1, list_of_numbers=[1, 2, 3])
+
+   >>> sc.hard_math(3)
+   19
+   >>> sc == SomeClass(1, [1, 2, 3])
+   True
+   >>> sc != SomeClass(2, [3, 2, 1])
+   True
+
+   >>> asdict(sc)
+   {'a_number': 1, 'list_of_numbers': [1, 2, 3]}
+
+   >>> SomeClass()
+   SomeClass(a_number=42, list_of_numbers=[])
+
+   >>> C = make_class("C", ["a", "b"])
+   >>> C("foo", "bar")
+   C(a='foo', b='bar')
+
+
+After *declaring* your attributes ``attrs`` gives you:
+
+- a concise and explicit overview of the class's attributes,
+- a nice human-readable ``__repr__``,
+- a equality-checking methods,
+- an initializer,
+- and much more,
+
+*without* writing dull boilerplate code again and again and *without* runtime performance penalties.
+
+**Hate type annotations**!?
+No problem!
+Types are entirely **optional** with ``attrs``.
+Simply assign ``attrs.field()`` to the attributes instead of annotating them with types.
+
+----
+
+This example uses ``attrs``'s modern APIs that have been introduced in version 20.1.0, and the ``attrs`` package import name that has been added in version 21.3.0.
+The classic APIs (``@attr.s``, ``attr.ib``, plus their serious business aliases) and the ``attr`` package import name will remain **indefinitely**.
+
+Please check out `On The Core API Names <https://www.attrs.org/en/latest/names.html>`_ for a more in-depth explanation.
+
+
+Data Classes
+============
+
+On the tin, ``attrs`` might remind you of ``dataclasses`` (and indeed, ``dataclasses`` are a descendant of ``attrs``).
+In practice it does a lot more and is more flexible.
+For instance it allows you to define `special handling of NumPy arrays for equality checks <https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/comparison.html#customization>`_, or allows more ways to `plug into the initialization process <https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/init.html#hooking-yourself-into-initialization>`_.
+
+For more details, please refer to our `comparison page <https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/why.html#data-classes>`_.
+
+
+.. -getting-help-
+
+Getting Help
+============
+
+Please use the ``python-attrs`` tag on `Stack Overflow <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/python-attrs>`_ to get help.
+
+Answering questions of your fellow developers is also a great way to help the project!
+
+
+.. -project-information-
+
+Project Information
+===================
+
+``attrs`` is released under the `MIT <https://choosealicense.com/licenses/mit/>`_ license,
+its documentation lives at `Read the Docs <https://www.attrs.org/>`_,
+the code on `GitHub <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs>`_,
+and the latest release on `PyPI <https://pypi.org/project/attrs/>`_.
+It’s rigorously tested on Python 2.7, 3.5+, and PyPy.
+
+We collect information on **third-party extensions** in our `wiki <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/wiki/Extensions-to-attrs>`_.
+Feel free to browse and add your own!
+
+If you'd like to contribute to ``attrs`` you're most welcome and we've written `a little guide <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/blob/main/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md>`_ to get you started!
+
+
+``attrs`` for Enterprise
+------------------------
+
+Available as part of the Tidelift Subscription.
+
+The maintainers of ``attrs`` and thousands of other packages are working with Tidelift to deliver commercial support and maintenance for the open source packages you use to build your applications.
+Save time, reduce risk, and improve code health, while paying the maintainers of the exact packages you use.
+`Learn more. <https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-attrs?utm_source=pypi-attrs&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=enterprise&utm_term=repo>`_
+
+
+Release Information
+===================
+
+21.4.0 (2021-12-29)
+-------------------
+
+Changes
+^^^^^^^
+
+- Fixed the test suite on PyPy3.8 where ``cloudpickle`` does not work.
+  `#892 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/892>`_
+- Fixed ``coverage report`` for projects that use ``attrs`` and don't set a ``--source``.
+  `#895 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/895>`_,
+  `#896 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/896>`_
+
+`Full changelog <https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/changelog.html>`_.
+
+Credits
+=======
+
+``attrs`` is written and maintained by `Hynek Schlawack <https://hynek.me/>`_.
+
+The development is kindly supported by `Variomedia AG <https://www.variomedia.de/>`_.
+
+A full list of contributors can be found in `GitHub's overview <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/graphs/contributors>`_.
+
+It’s the spiritual successor of `characteristic <https://characteristic.readthedocs.io/>`_ and aspires to fix some of it clunkiness and unfortunate decisions.
+Both were inspired by Twisted’s `FancyEqMixin <https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.python.util.FancyEqMixin.html>`_ but both are implemented using class decorators because `subclassing is bad for you <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3MNVP9-hglc>`_, m’kay?
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a40298
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
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+attr/__pycache__/_compat.cpython-39.pyc,,
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+attr/__pycache__/_funcs.cpython-39.pyc,,
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+attr/__pycache__/_next_gen.cpython-39.pyc,,
+attr/__pycache__/_version_info.cpython-39.pyc,,
+attr/__pycache__/converters.cpython-39.pyc,,
+attr/__pycache__/exceptions.cpython-39.pyc,,
+attr/__pycache__/filters.cpython-39.pyc,,
+attr/__pycache__/setters.cpython-39.pyc,,
+attr/__pycache__/validators.cpython-39.pyc,,
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+attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.rst,sha256=wsqCNbGz_mklcJrt54APIZHZpoTIJLkXqEhhn4Nd8hc,752
+attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=v2WaKLSSQGAvVrvfSQy-LsUJsVuY-Z17GaUsdA4yeGM,1082
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+attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=AGbmKnOtYpdkLRsDRQVSBIwfL32pAQ6BSo1mt-BxI7M,11
+attrs/__init__.py,sha256=CeyxLGVViAEKKsLOLaif8vF3vs1a28vsrRVLv7eMEgM,1109
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+attrs/__pycache__/validators.cpython-39.pyc,,
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+attrs/exceptions.py,sha256=SlDli6AY77f6ny-H7oy98OkQjsrw-D_supEuErIVYkE,70
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b18a28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eca8ba9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs-21.4.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+attr
+attrs
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a704b8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from attr import (
+    NOTHING,
+    Attribute,
+    Factory,
+    __author__,
+    __copyright__,
+    __description__,
+    __doc__,
+    __email__,
+    __license__,
+    __title__,
+    __url__,
+    __version__,
+    __version_info__,
+    assoc,
+    cmp_using,
+    define,
+    evolve,
+    field,
+    fields,
+    fields_dict,
+    frozen,
+    has,
+    make_class,
+    mutable,
+    resolve_types,
+    validate,
+)
+from attr._next_gen import asdict, astuple
+
+from . import converters, exceptions, filters, setters, validators
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__author__",
+    "__copyright__",
+    "__description__",
+    "__doc__",
+    "__email__",
+    "__license__",
+    "__title__",
+    "__url__",
+    "__version__",
+    "__version_info__",
+    "asdict",
+    "assoc",
+    "astuple",
+    "Attribute",
+    "cmp_using",
+    "converters",
+    "define",
+    "evolve",
+    "exceptions",
+    "Factory",
+    "field",
+    "fields_dict",
+    "fields",
+    "filters",
+    "frozen",
+    "has",
+    "make_class",
+    "mutable",
+    "NOTHING",
+    "resolve_types",
+    "setters",
+    "validate",
+    "validators",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/__init__.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/__init__.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7426fa5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/__init__.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+)
+
+# Because we need to type our own stuff, we have to make everything from
+# attr explicitly public too.
+from attr import __author__ as __author__
+from attr import __copyright__ as __copyright__
+from attr import __description__ as __description__
+from attr import __email__ as __email__
+from attr import __license__ as __license__
+from attr import __title__ as __title__
+from attr import __url__ as __url__
+from attr import __version__ as __version__
+from attr import __version_info__ as __version_info__
+from attr import _FilterType
+from attr import assoc as assoc
+from attr import Attribute as Attribute
+from attr import define as define
+from attr import evolve as evolve
+from attr import Factory as Factory
+from attr import exceptions as exceptions
+from attr import field as field
+from attr import fields as fields
+from attr import fields_dict as fields_dict
+from attr import frozen as frozen
+from attr import has as has
+from attr import make_class as make_class
+from attr import mutable as mutable
+from attr import NOTHING as NOTHING
+from attr import resolve_types as resolve_types
+from attr import setters as setters
+from attr import validate as validate
+from attr import validators as validators
+
+# TODO: see definition of attr.asdict/astuple
+def asdict(
+    inst: Any,
+    recurse: bool = ...,
+    filter: Optional[_FilterType[Any]] = ...,
+    dict_factory: Type[Mapping[Any, Any]] = ...,
+    retain_collection_types: bool = ...,
+    value_serializer: Optional[
+        Callable[[type, Attribute[Any], Any], Any]
+    ] = ...,
+    tuple_keys: bool = ...,
+) -> Dict[str, Any]: ...
+
+# TODO: add support for returning NamedTuple from the mypy plugin
+def astuple(
+    inst: Any,
+    recurse: bool = ...,
+    filter: Optional[_FilterType[Any]] = ...,
+    tuple_factory: Type[Sequence[Any]] = ...,
+    retain_collection_types: bool = ...,
+) -> Tuple[Any, ...]: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/converters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/converters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..edfa8d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/converters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from attr.converters import *  # noqa
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd9efed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from attr.exceptions import *  # noqa
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/filters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/filters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5295900
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/filters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from attr.filters import *  # noqa
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/setters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/setters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b50770
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/setters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from attr.setters import *  # noqa
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/validators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/validators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab2c9b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/attrs/validators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from attr.validators import *  # noqa
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7cc9501
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: based58
+Version: 0.1.0
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Rust
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Summary: A fast Python library for Base58 and Base58Check
+Author-email: kevinheavey <kevinheavey123@gmail.com>
+License: MIT License
+	
+	Copyright (c) 2022 Kevin Heavey
+	
+	Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+	of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+	in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+	to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+	copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+	furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+	
+	The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+	copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+	
+	THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+	IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+	FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+	AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+	LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+	OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+	SOFTWARE.
+	
+Requires-Python: >=3.7
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown; charset=UTF-8; variant=GFM
+Project-URL: repository, https://github.com/kevinheavey/based58
+Project-URL: homepage, https://github.com/kevinheavey/based58
+Project-URL: documentation, https://kevinheavey.github.io/based58/
+Project-URL: changelog, https://github.com/kevinheavey/based58/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md
+
+# based58
+
+A fast base-58 Python library
+
+`based58` is a fast Python library for
+[Base58](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary-to-text_encoding#Base58)
+encoding and decoding. It includes support for Base58Check and configurable alphabets.
+
+It is
+[significantly faster](https://gist.github.com/kevinheavey/2abad728d7658c136de0078d667d7267)
+than the pure-Python
+[base58 library](https://gist.github.com/kevinheavey/2abad728d7658c136de0078d667d7267),
+as it calls the Rust [bs58 library](https://github.com/mycorrhiza/bs58-rs)
+under the hood.
+
+The API mimics that of the `base58` library, with the exception that string inputs are not
+supported, only bytes.
+
+## Installation
+
+    pip install based58
+
+Note: requires Python >= 3.7.
+
+## Usage
+
+```python
+>>> import based58
+>>> data = [1, 2, 3]
+>>> based58.b58encode(b'hello world')
+b'StV1DL6CwTryKyV'
+>>> based58.b58decode(b'StV1DL6CwTryKyV')
+b'hello world'
+>>> based58.b58encode_check(b'hello world')
+b'3vQB7B6MrGQZaxCuFg4oh'
+>>> based58.b58decode_check(b'3vQB7B6MrGQZaxCuFg4oh')
+b'hello world'
+>>> based58.b58encode(b'hello world', alphabet=based58.Alphabet.RIPPLE)
+b'StVrDLaUATiyKyV'
+>>> based58.b58decode(b'StVrDLaUATiyKyV', alphabet=based58.Alphabet.RIPPLE)
+b'hello world'
+```
+
+## Development
+
+### Setup
+
+1. Install [poetry](https://python-poetry.org/)
+2. Install dev dependencies:
+
+```
+poetry install
+```
+
+3. Activate the poetry shell:
+
+```sh
+poetry shell
+```
+
+### Testing
+
+1. Run `maturin develop` to compile the Rust code.
+2. Run `make fmt`, `make lint`, and `make test`.
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d4374f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+based58-0.1.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+based58-0.1.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=ygNfDgbxnmk7jcneJILmF5MI8YDaqr5UM1cYXK2o6RM,3292
+based58-0.1.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+based58-0.1.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=Yu1SWYWJXjU1UON6y05fGuI5koj073qp52CX-YGIEMU,145
+based58/__init__.py,sha256=rTQNkTUWjONN3Zx7r-oORMd8_T0EOkhWqMf1HcgQCDY,50
+based58/__init__.pyi,sha256=vb88ymfuMNAzkDeDknZt-DZtNrYhrYQRGpSooSHmwXY,610
+based58/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+based58/based58.abi3.so,sha256=8i8861HC1lFNVcow6ALnkC3sSm7ZV6W1CWRUzMyTC-I,1202269
+based58/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4ea078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58-0.1.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: maturin (0.12.9)
+Root-Is-Purelib: false
+Tag: cp37-abi3-macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_11_0_arm64.macosx_10_9_universal2
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a68d074
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .based58 import *
+
+__doc__ = based58.__doc__
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/__init__.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/__init__.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7ddf8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/__init__.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+class Alphabet:
+    BITCOIN: "Alphabet"
+    MONERO: "Alphabet"
+    RIPPLE: "Alphabet"
+    FLICKR: "Alphabet"
+    DEFAULT: "Alphabet"
+    def __init__(self, base: bytes) -> None: ...
+    def __repr__(self) -> str: ...
+
+def b58decode(val: bytes, alphabet: Alphabet = Alphabet.BITCOIN) -> bytes: ...
+def b58encode(val: bytes, alphabet: Alphabet = Alphabet.BITCOIN) -> bytes: ...
+def b58decode_check(
+    val: bytes, alphabet: Alphabet = Alphabet.BITCOIN, expected_ver: int = None
+) -> bytes: ...
+def b58encode_check(
+    val: bytes, alphabet: Alphabet = Alphabet.BITCOIN, expected_ver: int = None
+) -> bytes: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/based58.abi3.so b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/based58.abi3.so
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..79aaf23
Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/based58.abi3.so differ
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/based58/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc2146e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014-2021 Thomas Kemmer
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b1d25e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: cachetools
+Version: 4.2.4
+Summary: Extensible memoizing collections and decorators
+Home-page: https://github.com/tkem/cachetools/
+Author: Thomas Kemmer
+Author-email: tkemmer@computer.org
+License: MIT
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Other Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Requires-Python: ~=3.5
+
+cachetools
+========================================================================
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/cachetools
+   :target: https://pypi.org/project/cachetools/
+   :alt: Latest PyPI version
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/readthedocs/cachetools
+   :target: https://cachetools.readthedocs.io/
+   :alt: Documentation build status
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/tkem/cachetools/CI
+   :target: https://github.com/tkem/cachetools/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+   :alt: CI build status
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tkem/cachetools/master.svg
+   :target: https://codecov.io/gh/tkem/cachetools
+   :alt: Test coverage
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/github/license/tkem/cachetools
+   :target: https://raw.github.com/tkem/cachetools/master/LICENSE
+   :alt: License
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
+   :target: https://github.com/psf/black
+   :alt: Code style: black
+
+This module provides various memoizing collections and decorators,
+including variants of the Python Standard Library's `@lru_cache`_
+function decorator.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+   from cachetools import cached, LRUCache, TTLCache
+
+   # speed up calculating Fibonacci numbers with dynamic programming
+   @cached(cache={})
+   def fib(n):
+       return n if n < 2 else fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+
+   # cache least recently used Python Enhancement Proposals
+   @cached(cache=LRUCache(maxsize=32))
+   def get_pep(num):
+       url = 'http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-%04d/' % num
+       with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as s:
+           return s.read()
+
+   # cache weather data for no longer than ten minutes
+   @cached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=1024, ttl=600))
+   def get_weather(place):
+       return owm.weather_at_place(place).get_weather()
+
+For the purpose of this module, a *cache* is a mutable_ mapping_ of a
+fixed maximum size.  When the cache is full, i.e. by adding another
+item the cache would exceed its maximum size, the cache must choose
+which item(s) to discard based on a suitable `cache algorithm`_.  In
+general, a cache's size is the total size of its items, and an item's
+size is a property or function of its value, e.g. the result of
+``sys.getsizeof(value)``.  For the trivial but common case that each
+item counts as ``1``, a cache's size is equal to the number of its
+items, or ``len(cache)``.
+
+Multiple cache classes based on different caching algorithms are
+implemented, and decorators for easily memoizing function and method
+calls are provided, too.
+
+
+Installation
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+cachetools is available from PyPI_ and can be installed by running::
+
+  pip install cachetools
+
+Typing stubs for this package are provided by typeshed_ and can be
+installed by running::
+
+  pip install types-cachetools
+
+
+Project Resources
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+- `Documentation`_
+- `Issue tracker`_
+- `Source code`_
+- `Change log`_
+
+
+License
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Copyright (c) 2014-2021 Thomas Kemmer.
+
+Licensed under the `MIT License`_.
+
+
+.. _@lru_cache: https://docs.python.org/3/library/functools.html#functools.lru_cache
+.. _mutable: https://docs.python.org/dev/glossary.html#term-mutable
+.. _mapping: https://docs.python.org/dev/glossary.html#term-mapping
+.. _cache algorithm: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cache_algorithms
+
+.. _PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/cachetools/
+.. _typeshed: https://github.com/python/typeshed/
+.. _Documentation: https://cachetools.readthedocs.io/
+.. _Issue tracker: https://github.com/tkem/cachetools/issues/
+.. _Source code: https://github.com/tkem/cachetools/
+.. _Change log: https://github.com/tkem/cachetools/blob/master/CHANGELOG.rst
+.. _MIT License: https://raw.github.com/tkem/cachetools/master/LICENSE
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d28d38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=cJEEfa2G-tF5p3smluByDLAX4PRo1HT_PvXKLpe1qQY,1085
+cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=_aiz0OsIkcIshjN3J-2W9xBtkx25ZSUgcw5hLI9ns5s,4805
+cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/RECORD,,
+cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=g4nMs7d-Xl9-xC9XovUrsDHGXt-FT0E17Yqo92DEfvY,92
+cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=ai2FH78TGwoBcCgVfoqbzk5IQCtnDukdSs4zKuVPvDs,11
+cachetools/__init__.py,sha256=sgSnzGmjze6qg38nISmsVN5DRv7wY07X4E7JtZqA-nI,16837
+cachetools/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/__pycache__/cache.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/__pycache__/fifo.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/__pycache__/func.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/__pycache__/keys.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/__pycache__/lfu.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/__pycache__/lru.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/__pycache__/mru.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/__pycache__/rr.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/__pycache__/ttl.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cachetools/cache.py,sha256=_DGN7oODkIIC0PrOZecutp9AzE1934_6X9OsyzgwW6M,141
+cachetools/fifo.py,sha256=6VPRGQjrfr6OlBnL6GnB6ANWFioXxG3lqR_sRaZoZWU,148
+cachetools/func.py,sha256=VuGyCt7cOllN1FUuEjBiU1qQgsWzrfCHuajeTufQwkA,4906
+cachetools/keys.py,sha256=SfGPnF5Goo1b8V-lrhB9Jxgqd3vm80R9h50k0hsAAjM,1466
+cachetools/lfu.py,sha256=pbu4V4dnyQL3eH4Kz4a5_QY-RHdVV1Rklqr9Onk95yo,145
+cachetools/lru.py,sha256=HfWFXBSQuAw_h2gT5Sk4TJjENUVZ5AYE9tU2lxaR9ho,145
+cachetools/mru.py,sha256=gVC_kOyqGlrSayVxrs1rb23WYWI02TejIQIPcuYqahQ,145
+cachetools/rr.py,sha256=4zUXdSViOQ0OZFHsaAhTO_RZfiL9B_wRMzzYuh3qmpQ,142
+cachetools/ttl.py,sha256=aTbhX3-igXvCxKNZPyvVN60Lx9cWctu-Yn_dlk481UI,145
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b552003
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.34.2)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50d1408
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-4.2.4.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+cachetools
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/METADATA.toml b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/METADATA.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb7498d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/METADATA.toml
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+version = "4.2.*"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/__init__.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/__init__.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06088ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/__init__.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+from _typeshed import IdentityFunction
+from collections.abc import Iterator, Sequence
+from contextlib import AbstractContextManager
+from typing import Any, Callable, Generic, MutableMapping, TypeVar, overload
+
+_KT = TypeVar("_KT")
+_VT = TypeVar("_VT")
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+
+class Cache(MutableMapping[_KT, _VT], Generic[_KT, _VT]):
+    def __init__(self, maxsize: float, getsizeof: Callable[[_VT], float] | None = ...) -> None: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: _KT) -> _VT: ...
+    def __setitem__(self, key: _KT, value: _VT) -> None: ...
+    def __delitem__(self, key: _KT) -> None: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[_KT]: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    @overload  # type: ignore[override]
+    def pop(self, key: _KT) -> _VT: ...
+    @overload
+    def pop(self, key: _KT, default: _VT | _T) -> _VT | _T: ...
+    def setdefault(self, key: _KT, default: _VT | None = ...) -> _VT: ...
+    @property
+    def maxsize(self) -> float: ...
+    @property
+    def currsize(self) -> float: ...
+    @staticmethod
+    def getsizeof(value: _VT) -> float: ...
+
+class FIFOCache(Cache[_KT, _VT]):
+    def __init__(self, maxsize: float, getsizeof: Callable[[_VT], float] | None = ...) -> None: ...
+
+class LFUCache(Cache[_KT, _VT]):
+    def __init__(self, maxsize: float, getsizeof: Callable[[_VT], float] | None = ...) -> None: ...
+
+class LRUCache(Cache[_KT, _VT]):
+    def __init__(self, maxsize: float, getsizeof: Callable[[_VT], float] | None = ...) -> None: ...
+
+class MRUCache(Cache[_KT, _VT]):
+    def __init__(self, maxsize: float, getsizeof: Callable[[_VT], float] | None = ...) -> None: ...
+
+class RRCache(Cache[_KT, _VT]):
+    def __init__(
+        self, maxsize: float, choice: Callable[[Sequence[_KT]], _KT] | None = ..., getsizeof: Callable[[_VT], float] | None = ...
+    ) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def choice(self) -> Callable[[Sequence[_KT]], _KT]: ...
+
+class TTLCache(Cache[_KT, _VT]):
+    def __init__(
+        self, maxsize: float, ttl: float, timer: Callable[[], float] = ..., getsizeof: Callable[[_VT], float] | None = ...
+    ) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def currsize(self) -> float: ...
+    @property
+    def timer(self) -> Callable[[], float]: ...
+    @property
+    def ttl(self) -> float: ...
+    def expire(self, time: float | None = ...) -> None: ...
+
+def cached(
+    cache: MutableMapping[_KT, Any] | None, key: Callable[..., _KT] = ..., lock: AbstractContextManager[Any] | None = ...
+) -> IdentityFunction: ...
+def cachedmethod(
+    cache: Callable[[Any], MutableMapping[_KT, Any] | None],
+    key: Callable[..., _KT] = ...,
+    lock: Callable[[Any], AbstractContextManager[Any]] | None = ...,
+) -> IdentityFunction: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/cache.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/cache.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9bd3f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/cache.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# this module is deprecated
+from . import Cache as Cache
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/fifo.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/fifo.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6b386a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/fifo.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# this module is deprecated
+from . import FIFOCache as FIFOCache
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/func.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/func.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8135f8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/func.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from _typeshed import IdentityFunction
+from typing import Callable, Sequence, TypeVar
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+
+def fifo_cache(maxsize: float | None = ..., typed: bool = ...) -> IdentityFunction: ...
+def lfu_cache(maxsize: float | None = ..., typed: bool = ...) -> IdentityFunction: ...
+def lru_cache(maxsize: float | None = ..., typed: bool = ...) -> IdentityFunction: ...
+def mru_cache(maxsize: float | None = ..., typed: bool = ...) -> IdentityFunction: ...
+def rr_cache(
+    maxsize: float | None = ..., choice: Callable[[Sequence[_T]], _T] | None = ..., typed: bool = ...
+) -> IdentityFunction: ...
+def ttl_cache(
+    maxsize: float | None = ..., ttl: float = ..., timer: Callable[[], float] = ..., typed: bool = ...
+) -> IdentityFunction: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/keys.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/keys.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef3e112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/keys.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from typing import Hashable
+
+def hashkey(*args: Hashable, **kwargs: Hashable) -> tuple[Hashable, ...]: ...
+def typedkey(*args: Hashable, **kwargs: Hashable) -> tuple[Hashable, ...]: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/lfu.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/lfu.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9951e65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/lfu.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# this module is deprecated
+from . import LFUCache as LFUCache
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/lru.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/lru.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ea2d64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/lru.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# this module is deprecated
+from . import LRUCache as LRUCache
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/mru.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/mru.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b345f52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/mru.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# this module is deprecated
+from . import MRUCache as MRUCache
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/rr.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/rr.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18e2098
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/rr.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# this module is deprecated
+from . import RRCache as RRCache
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/ttl.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/ttl.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aee0585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools-stubs/ttl.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# this module is deprecated
+from . import TTLCache as TTLCache
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42822f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,596 @@
+"""Extensible memoizing collections and decorators."""
+
+__all__ = (
+    "Cache",
+    "FIFOCache",
+    "LFUCache",
+    "LRUCache",
+    "MRUCache",
+    "RRCache",
+    "TTLCache",
+    "cached",
+    "cachedmethod",
+)
+
+__version__ = "4.2.4"
+
+import collections
+import collections.abc
+import functools
+import random
+import time
+
+from .keys import hashkey
+
+
+class _DefaultSize:
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, _):
+        return 1
+
+    def __setitem__(self, _, value):
+        assert value == 1
+
+    def pop(self, _):
+        return 1
+
+
+class Cache(collections.abc.MutableMapping):
+    """Mutable mapping to serve as a simple cache or cache base class."""
+
+    __marker = object()
+
+    __size = _DefaultSize()
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof=None):
+        if getsizeof:
+            self.getsizeof = getsizeof
+        if self.getsizeof is not Cache.getsizeof:
+            self.__size = dict()
+        self.__data = dict()
+        self.__currsize = 0
+        self.__maxsize = maxsize
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s(%r, maxsize=%r, currsize=%r)" % (
+            self.__class__.__name__,
+            list(self.__data.items()),
+            self.__maxsize,
+            self.__currsize,
+        )
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        try:
+            return self.__data[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            return self.__missing__(key)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        maxsize = self.__maxsize
+        size = self.getsizeof(value)
+        if size > maxsize:
+            raise ValueError("value too large")
+        if key not in self.__data or self.__size[key] < size:
+            while self.__currsize + size > maxsize:
+                self.popitem()
+        if key in self.__data:
+            diffsize = size - self.__size[key]
+        else:
+            diffsize = size
+        self.__data[key] = value
+        self.__size[key] = size
+        self.__currsize += diffsize
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        size = self.__size.pop(key)
+        del self.__data[key]
+        self.__currsize -= size
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return key in self.__data
+
+    def __missing__(self, key):
+        raise KeyError(key)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.__data)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.__data)
+
+    def get(self, key, default=None):
+        if key in self:
+            return self[key]
+        else:
+            return default
+
+    def pop(self, key, default=__marker):
+        if key in self:
+            value = self[key]
+            del self[key]
+        elif default is self.__marker:
+            raise KeyError(key)
+        else:
+            value = default
+        return value
+
+    def setdefault(self, key, default=None):
+        if key in self:
+            value = self[key]
+        else:
+            self[key] = value = default
+        return value
+
+    @property
+    def maxsize(self):
+        """The maximum size of the cache."""
+        return self.__maxsize
+
+    @property
+    def currsize(self):
+        """The current size of the cache."""
+        return self.__currsize
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def getsizeof(value):
+        """Return the size of a cache element's value."""
+        return 1
+
+
+class FIFOCache(Cache):
+    """First In First Out (FIFO) cache implementation."""
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof=None):
+        Cache.__init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof)
+        self.__order = collections.OrderedDict()
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value, cache_setitem=Cache.__setitem__):
+        cache_setitem(self, key, value)
+        try:
+            self.__order.move_to_end(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            self.__order[key] = None
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key, cache_delitem=Cache.__delitem__):
+        cache_delitem(self, key)
+        del self.__order[key]
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        """Remove and return the `(key, value)` pair first inserted."""
+        try:
+            key = next(iter(self.__order))
+        except StopIteration:
+            raise KeyError("%s is empty" % type(self).__name__) from None
+        else:
+            return (key, self.pop(key))
+
+
+class LFUCache(Cache):
+    """Least Frequently Used (LFU) cache implementation."""
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof=None):
+        Cache.__init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof)
+        self.__counter = collections.Counter()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key, cache_getitem=Cache.__getitem__):
+        value = cache_getitem(self, key)
+        if key in self:  # __missing__ may not store item
+            self.__counter[key] -= 1
+        return value
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value, cache_setitem=Cache.__setitem__):
+        cache_setitem(self, key, value)
+        self.__counter[key] -= 1
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key, cache_delitem=Cache.__delitem__):
+        cache_delitem(self, key)
+        del self.__counter[key]
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        """Remove and return the `(key, value)` pair least frequently used."""
+        try:
+            ((key, _),) = self.__counter.most_common(1)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise KeyError("%s is empty" % type(self).__name__) from None
+        else:
+            return (key, self.pop(key))
+
+
+class LRUCache(Cache):
+    """Least Recently Used (LRU) cache implementation."""
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof=None):
+        Cache.__init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof)
+        self.__order = collections.OrderedDict()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key, cache_getitem=Cache.__getitem__):
+        value = cache_getitem(self, key)
+        if key in self:  # __missing__ may not store item
+            self.__update(key)
+        return value
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value, cache_setitem=Cache.__setitem__):
+        cache_setitem(self, key, value)
+        self.__update(key)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key, cache_delitem=Cache.__delitem__):
+        cache_delitem(self, key)
+        del self.__order[key]
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        """Remove and return the `(key, value)` pair least recently used."""
+        try:
+            key = next(iter(self.__order))
+        except StopIteration:
+            raise KeyError("%s is empty" % type(self).__name__) from None
+        else:
+            return (key, self.pop(key))
+
+    def __update(self, key):
+        try:
+            self.__order.move_to_end(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            self.__order[key] = None
+
+
+class MRUCache(Cache):
+    """Most Recently Used (MRU) cache implementation."""
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof=None):
+        Cache.__init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof)
+        self.__order = collections.OrderedDict()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key, cache_getitem=Cache.__getitem__):
+        value = cache_getitem(self, key)
+        if key in self:  # __missing__ may not store item
+            self.__update(key)
+        return value
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value, cache_setitem=Cache.__setitem__):
+        cache_setitem(self, key, value)
+        self.__update(key)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key, cache_delitem=Cache.__delitem__):
+        cache_delitem(self, key)
+        del self.__order[key]
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        """Remove and return the `(key, value)` pair most recently used."""
+        try:
+            key = next(iter(self.__order))
+        except StopIteration:
+            raise KeyError("%s is empty" % type(self).__name__) from None
+        else:
+            return (key, self.pop(key))
+
+    def __update(self, key):
+        try:
+            self.__order.move_to_end(key, last=False)
+        except KeyError:
+            self.__order[key] = None
+
+
+class RRCache(Cache):
+    """Random Replacement (RR) cache implementation."""
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize, choice=random.choice, getsizeof=None):
+        Cache.__init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof)
+        self.__choice = choice
+
+    @property
+    def choice(self):
+        """The `choice` function used by the cache."""
+        return self.__choice
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        """Remove and return a random `(key, value)` pair."""
+        try:
+            key = self.__choice(list(self))
+        except IndexError:
+            raise KeyError("%s is empty" % type(self).__name__) from None
+        else:
+            return (key, self.pop(key))
+
+
+class _Timer:
+    def __init__(self, timer):
+        self.__timer = timer
+        self.__nesting = 0
+
+    def __call__(self):
+        if self.__nesting == 0:
+            return self.__timer()
+        else:
+            return self.__time
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        if self.__nesting == 0:
+            self.__time = time = self.__timer()
+        else:
+            time = self.__time
+        self.__nesting += 1
+        return time
+
+    def __exit__(self, *exc):
+        self.__nesting -= 1
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        return _Timer, (self.__timer,)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self.__timer, name)
+
+
+class _Link:
+
+    __slots__ = ("key", "expire", "next", "prev")
+
+    def __init__(self, key=None, expire=None):
+        self.key = key
+        self.expire = expire
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        return _Link, (self.key, self.expire)
+
+    def unlink(self):
+        next = self.next
+        prev = self.prev
+        prev.next = next
+        next.prev = prev
+
+
+class TTLCache(Cache):
+    """LRU Cache implementation with per-item time-to-live (TTL) value."""
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize, ttl, timer=time.monotonic, getsizeof=None):
+        Cache.__init__(self, maxsize, getsizeof)
+        self.__root = root = _Link()
+        root.prev = root.next = root
+        self.__links = collections.OrderedDict()
+        self.__timer = _Timer(timer)
+        self.__ttl = ttl
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        try:
+            link = self.__links[key]  # no reordering
+        except KeyError:
+            return False
+        else:
+            return not (link.expire < self.__timer())
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key, cache_getitem=Cache.__getitem__):
+        try:
+            link = self.__getlink(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            expired = False
+        else:
+            expired = link.expire < self.__timer()
+        if expired:
+            return self.__missing__(key)
+        else:
+            return cache_getitem(self, key)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value, cache_setitem=Cache.__setitem__):
+        with self.__timer as time:
+            self.expire(time)
+            cache_setitem(self, key, value)
+        try:
+            link = self.__getlink(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            self.__links[key] = link = _Link(key)
+        else:
+            link.unlink()
+        link.expire = time + self.__ttl
+        link.next = root = self.__root
+        link.prev = prev = root.prev
+        prev.next = root.prev = link
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key, cache_delitem=Cache.__delitem__):
+        cache_delitem(self, key)
+        link = self.__links.pop(key)
+        link.unlink()
+        if link.expire < self.__timer():
+            raise KeyError(key)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        root = self.__root
+        curr = root.next
+        while curr is not root:
+            # "freeze" time for iterator access
+            with self.__timer as time:
+                if not (curr.expire < time):
+                    yield curr.key
+            curr = curr.next
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        root = self.__root
+        curr = root.next
+        time = self.__timer()
+        count = len(self.__links)
+        while curr is not root and curr.expire < time:
+            count -= 1
+            curr = curr.next
+        return count
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        self.__dict__.update(state)
+        root = self.__root
+        root.prev = root.next = root
+        for link in sorted(self.__links.values(), key=lambda obj: obj.expire):
+            link.next = root
+            link.prev = prev = root.prev
+            prev.next = root.prev = link
+        self.expire(self.__timer())
+
+    def __repr__(self, cache_repr=Cache.__repr__):
+        with self.__timer as time:
+            self.expire(time)
+            return cache_repr(self)
+
+    @property
+    def currsize(self):
+        with self.__timer as time:
+            self.expire(time)
+            return super().currsize
+
+    @property
+    def timer(self):
+        """The timer function used by the cache."""
+        return self.__timer
+
+    @property
+    def ttl(self):
+        """The time-to-live value of the cache's items."""
+        return self.__ttl
+
+    def expire(self, time=None):
+        """Remove expired items from the cache."""
+        if time is None:
+            time = self.__timer()
+        root = self.__root
+        curr = root.next
+        links = self.__links
+        cache_delitem = Cache.__delitem__
+        while curr is not root and curr.expire < time:
+            cache_delitem(self, curr.key)
+            del links[curr.key]
+            next = curr.next
+            curr.unlink()
+            curr = next
+
+    def clear(self):
+        with self.__timer as time:
+            self.expire(time)
+            Cache.clear(self)
+
+    def get(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        with self.__timer:
+            return Cache.get(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def pop(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        with self.__timer:
+            return Cache.pop(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def setdefault(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        with self.__timer:
+            return Cache.setdefault(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        """Remove and return the `(key, value)` pair least recently used that
+        has not already expired.
+
+        """
+        with self.__timer as time:
+            self.expire(time)
+            try:
+                key = next(iter(self.__links))
+            except StopIteration:
+                raise KeyError("%s is empty" % type(self).__name__) from None
+            else:
+                return (key, self.pop(key))
+
+    def __getlink(self, key):
+        value = self.__links[key]
+        self.__links.move_to_end(key)
+        return value
+
+
+def cached(cache, key=hashkey, lock=None):
+    """Decorator to wrap a function with a memoizing callable that saves
+    results in a cache.
+
+    """
+
+    def decorator(func):
+        if cache is None:
+
+            def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+                return func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        elif lock is None:
+
+            def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+                k = key(*args, **kwargs)
+                try:
+                    return cache[k]
+                except KeyError:
+                    pass  # key not found
+                v = func(*args, **kwargs)
+                try:
+                    cache[k] = v
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass  # value too large
+                return v
+
+        else:
+
+            def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+                k = key(*args, **kwargs)
+                try:
+                    with lock:
+                        return cache[k]
+                except KeyError:
+                    pass  # key not found
+                v = func(*args, **kwargs)
+                # in case of a race, prefer the item already in the cache
+                try:
+                    with lock:
+                        return cache.setdefault(k, v)
+                except ValueError:
+                    return v  # value too large
+
+        return functools.update_wrapper(wrapper, func)
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def cachedmethod(cache, key=hashkey, lock=None):
+    """Decorator to wrap a class or instance method with a memoizing
+    callable that saves results in a cache.
+
+    """
+
+    def decorator(method):
+        if lock is None:
+
+            def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                c = cache(self)
+                if c is None:
+                    return method(self, *args, **kwargs)
+                k = key(*args, **kwargs)
+                try:
+                    return c[k]
+                except KeyError:
+                    pass  # key not found
+                v = method(self, *args, **kwargs)
+                try:
+                    c[k] = v
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass  # value too large
+                return v
+
+        else:
+
+            def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                c = cache(self)
+                if c is None:
+                    return method(self, *args, **kwargs)
+                k = key(*args, **kwargs)
+                try:
+                    with lock(self):
+                        return c[k]
+                except KeyError:
+                    pass  # key not found
+                v = method(self, *args, **kwargs)
+                # in case of a race, prefer the item already in the cache
+                try:
+                    with lock(self):
+                        return c.setdefault(k, v)
+                except ValueError:
+                    return v  # value too large
+
+        return functools.update_wrapper(wrapper, method)
+
+    return decorator
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/cache.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c9dfd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import warnings
+
+from . import Cache
+
+warnings.warn(
+    "cachetools.cache is deprecated, please use cachetools.Cache", DeprecationWarning
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/fifo.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/fifo.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec072cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/fifo.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import warnings
+
+from . import FIFOCache
+
+warnings.warn(
+    "cachetools.fifo is deprecated, please use cachetools.FIFOCache", DeprecationWarning
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/func.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/func.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01702c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/func.py
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+"""`functools.lru_cache` compatible memoizing function decorators."""
+
+__all__ = ("fifo_cache", "lfu_cache", "lru_cache", "mru_cache", "rr_cache", "ttl_cache")
+
+import collections
+import functools
+import math
+import random
+import time
+
+try:
+    from threading import RLock
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    from dummy_threading import RLock
+
+from . import FIFOCache, LFUCache, LRUCache, MRUCache, RRCache, TTLCache
+from . import keys
+
+
+_CacheInfo = collections.namedtuple(
+    "CacheInfo", ["hits", "misses", "maxsize", "currsize"]
+)
+
+
+class _UnboundCache(dict):
+    @property
+    def maxsize(self):
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def currsize(self):
+        return len(self)
+
+
+class _UnboundTTLCache(TTLCache):
+    def __init__(self, ttl, timer):
+        TTLCache.__init__(self, math.inf, ttl, timer)
+
+    @property
+    def maxsize(self):
+        return None
+
+
+def _cache(cache, typed):
+    maxsize = cache.maxsize
+
+    def decorator(func):
+        key = keys.typedkey if typed else keys.hashkey
+        lock = RLock()
+        stats = [0, 0]
+
+        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+            k = key(*args, **kwargs)
+            with lock:
+                try:
+                    v = cache[k]
+                    stats[0] += 1
+                    return v
+                except KeyError:
+                    stats[1] += 1
+            v = func(*args, **kwargs)
+            # in case of a race, prefer the item already in the cache
+            try:
+                with lock:
+                    return cache.setdefault(k, v)
+            except ValueError:
+                return v  # value too large
+
+        def cache_info():
+            with lock:
+                hits, misses = stats
+                maxsize = cache.maxsize
+                currsize = cache.currsize
+            return _CacheInfo(hits, misses, maxsize, currsize)
+
+        def cache_clear():
+            with lock:
+                try:
+                    cache.clear()
+                finally:
+                    stats[:] = [0, 0]
+
+        wrapper.cache_info = cache_info
+        wrapper.cache_clear = cache_clear
+        wrapper.cache_parameters = lambda: {"maxsize": maxsize, "typed": typed}
+        functools.update_wrapper(wrapper, func)
+        return wrapper
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def fifo_cache(maxsize=128, typed=False):
+    """Decorator to wrap a function with a memoizing callable that saves
+    up to `maxsize` results based on a First In First Out (FIFO)
+    algorithm.
+
+    """
+    if maxsize is None:
+        return _cache(_UnboundCache(), typed)
+    elif callable(maxsize):
+        return _cache(FIFOCache(128), typed)(maxsize)
+    else:
+        return _cache(FIFOCache(maxsize), typed)
+
+
+def lfu_cache(maxsize=128, typed=False):
+    """Decorator to wrap a function with a memoizing callable that saves
+    up to `maxsize` results based on a Least Frequently Used (LFU)
+    algorithm.
+
+    """
+    if maxsize is None:
+        return _cache(_UnboundCache(), typed)
+    elif callable(maxsize):
+        return _cache(LFUCache(128), typed)(maxsize)
+    else:
+        return _cache(LFUCache(maxsize), typed)
+
+
+def lru_cache(maxsize=128, typed=False):
+    """Decorator to wrap a function with a memoizing callable that saves
+    up to `maxsize` results based on a Least Recently Used (LRU)
+    algorithm.
+
+    """
+    if maxsize is None:
+        return _cache(_UnboundCache(), typed)
+    elif callable(maxsize):
+        return _cache(LRUCache(128), typed)(maxsize)
+    else:
+        return _cache(LRUCache(maxsize), typed)
+
+
+def mru_cache(maxsize=128, typed=False):
+    """Decorator to wrap a function with a memoizing callable that saves
+    up to `maxsize` results based on a Most Recently Used (MRU)
+    algorithm.
+    """
+    if maxsize is None:
+        return _cache(_UnboundCache(), typed)
+    elif callable(maxsize):
+        return _cache(MRUCache(128), typed)(maxsize)
+    else:
+        return _cache(MRUCache(maxsize), typed)
+
+
+def rr_cache(maxsize=128, choice=random.choice, typed=False):
+    """Decorator to wrap a function with a memoizing callable that saves
+    up to `maxsize` results based on a Random Replacement (RR)
+    algorithm.
+
+    """
+    if maxsize is None:
+        return _cache(_UnboundCache(), typed)
+    elif callable(maxsize):
+        return _cache(RRCache(128, choice), typed)(maxsize)
+    else:
+        return _cache(RRCache(maxsize, choice), typed)
+
+
+def ttl_cache(maxsize=128, ttl=600, timer=time.monotonic, typed=False):
+    """Decorator to wrap a function with a memoizing callable that saves
+    up to `maxsize` results based on a Least Recently Used (LRU)
+    algorithm with a per-item time-to-live (TTL) value.
+    """
+    if maxsize is None:
+        return _cache(_UnboundTTLCache(ttl, timer), typed)
+    elif callable(maxsize):
+        return _cache(TTLCache(128, ttl, timer), typed)(maxsize)
+    else:
+        return _cache(TTLCache(maxsize, ttl, timer), typed)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/keys.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/keys.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13630a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/keys.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+"""Key functions for memoizing decorators."""
+
+__all__ = ("hashkey", "typedkey")
+
+
+class _HashedTuple(tuple):
+    """A tuple that ensures that hash() will be called no more than once
+    per element, since cache decorators will hash the key multiple
+    times on a cache miss.  See also _HashedSeq in the standard
+    library functools implementation.
+
+    """
+
+    __hashvalue = None
+
+    def __hash__(self, hash=tuple.__hash__):
+        hashvalue = self.__hashvalue
+        if hashvalue is None:
+            self.__hashvalue = hashvalue = hash(self)
+        return hashvalue
+
+    def __add__(self, other, add=tuple.__add__):
+        return _HashedTuple(add(self, other))
+
+    def __radd__(self, other, add=tuple.__add__):
+        return _HashedTuple(add(other, self))
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return {}
+
+
+# used for separating keyword arguments; we do not use an object
+# instance here so identity is preserved when pickling/unpickling
+_kwmark = (_HashedTuple,)
+
+
+def hashkey(*args, **kwargs):
+    """Return a cache key for the specified hashable arguments."""
+
+    if kwargs:
+        return _HashedTuple(args + sum(sorted(kwargs.items()), _kwmark))
+    else:
+        return _HashedTuple(args)
+
+
+def typedkey(*args, **kwargs):
+    """Return a typed cache key for the specified hashable arguments."""
+
+    key = hashkey(*args, **kwargs)
+    key += tuple(type(v) for v in args)
+    key += tuple(type(v) for _, v in sorted(kwargs.items()))
+    return key
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/lfu.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/lfu.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44514ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/lfu.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import warnings
+
+from . import LFUCache
+
+warnings.warn(
+    "cachetools.lfu is deprecated, please use cachetools.LFUCache", DeprecationWarning
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/lru.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/lru.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d557b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/lru.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import warnings
+
+from . import LRUCache
+
+warnings.warn(
+    "cachetools.lru is deprecated, please use cachetools.LRUCache", DeprecationWarning
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/mru.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/mru.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0714bdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/mru.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import warnings
+
+from . import MRUCache
+
+warnings.warn(
+    "cachetools.mru is deprecated, please use cachetools.MRUCache", DeprecationWarning
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/rr.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/rr.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f49e185
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/rr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import warnings
+
+from . import RRCache
+
+warnings.warn(
+    "cachetools.rr is deprecated, please use cachetools.RRCache", DeprecationWarning
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/ttl.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/ttl.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d96b677
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cachetools/ttl.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import warnings
+
+from . import TTLCache
+
+warnings.warn(
+    "cachetools.ttl is deprecated, please use cachetools.TTLCache", DeprecationWarning
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2fda9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+This package contains a modified version of ca-bundle.crt:
+
+ca-bundle.crt -- Bundle of CA Root Certificates
+
+Certificate data from Mozilla as of: Thu Nov  3 19:04:19 2011#
+This is a bundle of X.509 certificates of public Certificate Authorities
+(CA). These were automatically extracted from Mozilla's root certificates
+file (certdata.txt).  This file can be found in the mozilla source tree:
+http://mxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt?raw=1#
+It contains the certificates in PEM format and therefore
+can be directly used with curl / libcurl / php_curl, or with
+an Apache+mod_ssl webserver for SSL client authentication.
+Just configure this file as the SSLCACertificateFile.#
+
+***** BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK *****
+This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License,
+v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, You can obtain
+one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+***** END LICENSE BLOCK *****
+@(#) $RCSfile: certdata.txt,v $ $Revision: 1.80 $ $Date: 2011/11/03 15:11:58 $
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a6860d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: certifi
+Version: 2021.10.8
+Summary: Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle.
+Home-page: https://certifiio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+Author: Kenneth Reitz
+Author-email: me@kennethreitz.com
+License: MPL-2.0
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://certifiio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Mozilla Public License 2.0 (MPL 2.0)
+Classifier: Natural Language :: English
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+
+Certifi: Python SSL Certificates
+================================
+
+`Certifi`_ provides Mozilla's carefully curated collection of Root Certificates for
+validating the trustworthiness of SSL certificates while verifying the identity
+of TLS hosts. It has been extracted from the `Requests`_ project.
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+``certifi`` is available on PyPI. Simply install it with ``pip``::
+
+    $ pip install certifi
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+To reference the installed certificate authority (CA) bundle, you can use the
+built-in function::
+
+    >>> import certifi
+
+    >>> certifi.where()
+    '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem'
+
+Or from the command line::
+
+    $ python -m certifi
+    /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem
+
+Enjoy!
+
+1024-bit Root Certificates
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Browsers and certificate authorities have concluded that 1024-bit keys are
+unacceptably weak for certificates, particularly root certificates. For this
+reason, Mozilla has removed any weak (i.e. 1024-bit key) certificate from its
+bundle, replacing it with an equivalent strong (i.e. 2048-bit or greater key)
+certificate from the same CA. Because Mozilla removed these certificates from
+its bundle, ``certifi`` removed them as well.
+
+In previous versions, ``certifi`` provided the ``certifi.old_where()`` function
+to intentionally re-add the 1024-bit roots back into your bundle. This was not
+recommended in production and therefore was removed at the end of 2018.
+
+.. _`Certifi`: https://certifiio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+.. _`Requests`: https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/master/
+
+Addition/Removal of Certificates
+--------------------------------
+
+Certifi does not support any addition/removal or other modification of the
+CA trust store content. This project is intended to provide a reliable and
+highly portable root of trust to python deployments. Look to upstream projects
+for methods to use alternate trust.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8b88d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=vp2C82ES-Hp_HXTs1Ih-FGe7roh4qEAEoAEXseR1o-I,1049
+certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=iB_zbT1uX_8_NC7iGv0YEB-9b3idhQwHrFTSq8R1kD8,2994
+certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/RECORD,,
+certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ADKeyaGyKF5DwBNE0sRE5pvW-bSkFMJfBuhzZ3rceP4,110
+certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=KMu4vUCfsjLrkPbSNdgdekS-pVJzBAJFO__nI8NF6-U,8
+certifi/__init__.py,sha256=xWdRgntT3j1V95zkRipGOg_A1UfEju2FcpujhysZLRI,62
+certifi/__main__.py,sha256=xBBoj905TUWBLRGANOcf7oi6e-3dMP4cEoG9OyMs11g,243
+certifi/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+certifi/__pycache__/__main__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+certifi/__pycache__/core.cpython-39.pyc,,
+certifi/cacert.pem,sha256=-og4Keu4zSpgL5shwfhd4kz0eUnVILzrGCi0zRy2kGw,265969
+certifi/core.py,sha256=V0uyxKOYdz6ulDSusclrLmjbPgOXsD0BnEf0SQ7OnoE,2303
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d38aa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.35.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..963eac5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi-2021.10.8.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+certifi
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8db1a0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .core import contents, where
+
+__version__ = "2021.10.08"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/__main__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8945b5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import argparse
+
+from certifi import contents, where
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+parser.add_argument("-c", "--contents", action="store_true")
+args = parser.parse_args()
+
+if args.contents:
+    print(contents())
+else:
+    print(where())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d0ccc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,4362 @@
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign Root CA O=GlobalSign nv-sa OU=Root CA
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign Root CA O=GlobalSign nv-sa OU=Root CA
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA"
+# Serial: 4835703278459707669005204
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 3e:45:52:15:09:51:92:e1:b7:5d:37:9f:b1:87:29:8a
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: b1:bc:96:8b:d4:f4:9d:62:2a:a8:9a:81:f2:15:01:52:a4:1d:82:9c
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: eb:d4:10:40:e4:bb:3e:c7:42:c9:e3:81:d3:1e:f2:a4:1a:48:b6:68:5c:96:e7:ce:f3:c1:df:6c:d4:33:1c:99
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDdTCCAl2gAwIBAgILBAAAAAABFUtaw5QwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwVzELMAkG
+A1UEBhMCQkUxGTAXBgNVBAoTEEdsb2JhbFNpZ24gbnYtc2ExEDAOBgNVBAsTB1Jv
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+aWduIFJvb3QgQ0EwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDaDuaZ
+jc6j40+Kfvvxi4Mla+pIH/EqsLmVEQS98GPR4mdmzxzdzxtIK+6NiY6arymAZavp
+xy0Sy6scTHAHoT0KMM0VjU/43dSMUBUc71DuxC73/OlS8pF94G3VNTCOXkNz8kHp
+1Wrjsok6Vjk4bwY8iGlbKk3Fp1S4bInMm/k8yuX9ifUSPJJ4ltbcdG6TRGHRjcdG
+snUOhugZitVtbNV4FpWi6cgKOOvyJBNPc1STE4U6G7weNLWLBYy5d4ux2x8gkasJ
+U26Qzns3dLlwR5EiUWMWea6xrkEmCMgZK9FGqkjWZCrXgzT/LCrBbBlDSgeF59N8
+9iFo7+ryUp9/k5DPAgMBAAGjQjBAMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAPBgNVHRMBAf8E
+BTADAQH/MB0GA1UdDgQWBBRge2YaRQ2XyolQL30EzTSo//z9SzANBgkqhkiG9w0B
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+yj1hTdNGCbM+w6DjY1Ub8rrvrTnhQ7k4o+YviiY776BQVvnGCv04zcQLcFGUl5gE
+38NflNUVyRRBnMRddWQVDf9VMOyGj/8N7yy5Y0b2qvzfvGn9LhJIZJrglfCm7ymP
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+HMUfpIBvFSDJ3gyICh3WZlXi/EjJKSZp4A==
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA - R2"
+# Serial: 4835703278459682885658125
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 94:14:77:7e:3e:5e:fd:8f:30:bd:41:b0:cf:e7:d0:30
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 75:e0:ab:b6:13:85:12:27:1c:04:f8:5f:dd:de:38:e4:b7:24:2e:fe
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: ca:42:dd:41:74:5f:d0:b8:1e:b9:02:36:2c:f9:d8:bf:71:9d:a1:bd:1b:1e:fc:94:6f:5b:4c:99:f4:2c:1b:9e
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDujCCAqKgAwIBAgILBAAAAAABD4Ym5g0wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwTDEgMB4G
+A1UECxMXR2xvYmFsU2lnbiBSb290IENBIC0gUjIxEzARBgNVBAoTCkdsb2JhbFNp
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+J0/WwbgcQ3izDJr86iw8bmEbTUsp9Z8FHSbBuOmDAGJFtqkIk7mpM0sYmsL4h4hO
+291xNBrBVNpGP+DTKqttVCL1OmLNIG+6KYnX3ZHu01yiPqFbQfXf5WRDLenVOavS
+ot+3i9DAgBkcRcAtjOj4LaR0VknFBbVPFd5uRHg5h6h+u/N5GJG79G+dwfCMNYxd
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+TBj0/VLZjmmx6BEP3ojY+x1J96relc8geMJgEtslQIxq/H5COEBkEveegeGTLg==
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Entrust.net Certification Authority (2048) O=Entrust.net OU=www.entrust.net/CPS_2048 incorp. by ref. (limits liab.)/(c) 1999 Entrust.net Limited
+# Subject: CN=Entrust.net Certification Authority (2048) O=Entrust.net OU=www.entrust.net/CPS_2048 incorp. by ref. (limits liab.)/(c) 1999 Entrust.net Limited
+# Label: "Entrust.net Premium 2048 Secure Server CA"
+# Serial: 946069240
+# MD5 Fingerprint: ee:29:31:bc:32:7e:9a:e6:e8:b5:f7:51:b4:34:71:90
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Baltimore CyberTrust Root O=Baltimore OU=CyberTrust
+# Subject: CN=Baltimore CyberTrust Root O=Baltimore OU=CyberTrust
+# Label: "Baltimore CyberTrust Root"
+# Serial: 33554617
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority O=Entrust, Inc. OU=www.entrust.net/CPS is incorporated by reference/(c) 2006 Entrust, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority O=Entrust, Inc. OU=www.entrust.net/CPS is incorporated by reference/(c) 2006 Entrust, Inc.
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 1164660820
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=AAA Certificate Services O=Comodo CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=AAA Certificate Services O=Comodo CA Limited
+# Label: "Comodo AAA Services root"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 2"
+# Serial: 1289
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 5e:39:7b:dd:f8:ba:ec:82:e9:ac:62:ba:0c:54:00:2b
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: ca:3a:fb:cf:12:40:36:4b:44:b2:16:20:88:80:48:39:19:93:7c:f7
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 3"
+# Serial: 1478
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: O=SECOM Trust.net OU=Security Communication RootCA1
+# Label: "Security Communication Root CA"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=XRamp Global Certification Authority O=XRamp Security Services Inc OU=www.xrampsecurity.com
+# Label: "XRamp Global CA Root"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: O=The Go Daddy Group, Inc. OU=Go Daddy Class 2 Certification Authority
+# Subject: O=The Go Daddy Group, Inc. OU=Go Daddy Class 2 Certification Authority
+# Label: "Go Daddy Class 2 CA"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: O=Starfield Technologies, Inc. OU=Starfield Class 2 Certification Authority
+# Subject: O=Starfield Technologies, Inc. OU=Starfield Class 2 Certification Authority
+# Label: "Starfield Class 2 CA"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Assured ID Root CA"
+# Serial: 17154717934120587862167794914071425081
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 87:ce:0b:7b:2a:0e:49:00:e1:58:71:9b:37:a8:93:72
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Global Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Global Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Global Root CA"
+# Serial: 10944719598952040374951832963794454346
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 79:e4:a9:84:0d:7d:3a:96:d7:c0:4f:e2:43:4c:89:2e
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: a8:98:5d:3a:65:e5:e5:c4:b2:d7:d6:6d:40:c6:dd:2f:b1:9c:54:36
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA"
+# Serial: 3553400076410547919724730734378100087
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=DST Root CA X3 O=Digital Signature Trust Co.
+# Subject: CN=DST Root CA X3 O=Digital Signature Trust Co.
+# Label: "DST Root CA X3"
+# Serial: 91299735575339953335919266965803778155
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=SwissSign Gold CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Subject: CN=SwissSign Gold CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Label: "SwissSign Gold CA - G2"
+# Serial: 13492815561806991280
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SwissSign Silver CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Subject: CN=SwissSign Silver CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Label: "SwissSign Silver CA - G2"
+# Serial: 5700383053117599563
+# MD5 Fingerprint: e0:06:a1:c9:7d:cf:c9:fc:0d:c0:56:75:96:d8:62:13
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 9b:aa:e5:9f:56:ee:21:cb:43:5a:be:25:93:df:a7:f0:40:d1:1d:cb
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SecureTrust CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SecureTrust CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Label: "SecureTrust CA"
+# Serial: 17199774589125277788362757014266862032
+# MD5 Fingerprint: dc:32:c3:a7:6d:25:57:c7:68:09:9d:ea:2d:a9:a2:d1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Secure Global CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Subject: CN=Secure Global CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Label: "Secure Global CA"
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+# Issuer: CN=COMODO Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=COMODO Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Label: "COMODO Certification Authority"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Network Solutions Certificate Authority O=Network Solutions L.L.C.
+# Subject: CN=Network Solutions Certificate Authority O=Network Solutions L.L.C.
+# Label: "Network Solutions Certificate Authority"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Label: "COMODO ECC Certification Authority"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certigna O=Dhimyotis
+# Subject: CN=Certigna O=Dhimyotis
+# Label: "Certigna"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Cybertrust Global Root O=Cybertrust, Inc
+# Subject: CN=Cybertrust Global Root O=Cybertrust, Inc
+# Label: "Cybertrust Global Root"
+# Serial: 4835703278459682877484360
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: O=Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd. OU=ePKI Root Certification Authority
+# Subject: O=Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd. OU=ePKI Root Certification Authority
+# Label: "ePKI Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 28956088682735189655030529057352760477
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1b:2e:00:ca:26:06:90:3d:ad:fe:6f:15:68:d3:6b:b3
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: O=certSIGN OU=certSIGN ROOT CA
+# Subject: O=certSIGN OU=certSIGN ROOT CA
+# Label: "certSIGN ROOT CA"
+# Serial: 35210227249154
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 18:98:c0:d6:e9:3a:fc:f9:b0:f5:0c:f7:4b:01:44:17
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: fa:b7:ee:36:97:26:62:fb:2d:b0:2a:f6:bf:03:fd:e8:7c:4b:2f:9b
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=NetLock Arany (Class Gold) F\u0151tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1ny O=NetLock Kft. OU=Tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1nykiad\xf3k (Certification Services)
+# Subject: CN=NetLock Arany (Class Gold) F\u0151tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1ny O=NetLock Kft. OU=Tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1nykiad\xf3k (Certification Services)
+# Label: "NetLock Arany (Class Gold) F\u0151tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1ny"
+# Serial: 80544274841616
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c5:a1:b7:ff:73:dd:d6:d7:34:32:18:df:fc:3c:ad:88
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 06:08:3f:59:3f:15:a1:04:a0:69:a4:6b:a9:03:d0:06:b7:97:09:91
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 6c:61:da:c3:a2:de:f0:31:50:6b:e0:36:d2:a6:fe:40:19:94:fb:d1:3d:f9:c8:d4:66:59:92:74:c4:46:ec:98
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 1 O=Hongkong Post
+# Subject: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 1 O=Hongkong Post
+# Label: "Hongkong Post Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 1000
+# MD5 Fingerprint: a8:0d:6f:39:78:b9:43:6d:77:42:6d:98:5a:cc:23:ca
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: d6:da:a8:20:8d:09:d2:15:4d:24:b5:2f:cb:34:6e:b2:58:b2:8a:58
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: f9:e6:7d:33:6c:51:00:2a:c0:54:c6:32:02:2d:66:dd:a2:e7:e3:ff:f1:0a:d0:61:ed:31:d8:bb:b4:10:cf:b2
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SecureSign RootCA11 O=Japan Certification Services, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=SecureSign RootCA11 O=Japan Certification Services, Inc.
+# Label: "SecureSign RootCA11"
+# Serial: 1
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b7:52:74:e2:92:b4:80:93:f2:75:e4:cc:d7:f2:ea:26
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 3b:c4:9f:48:f8:f3:73:a0:9c:1e:bd:f8:5b:b1:c3:65:c7:d8:11:b3
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Subject: CN=Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Label: "Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009"
+# Serial: 14014712776195784473
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f8:49:f4:03:bc:44:2d:83:be:48:69:7d:29:64:fc:b1
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 89:df:74:fe:5c:f4:0f:4a:80:f9:e3:37:7d:54:da:91:e1:01:31:8e
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 3c:5f:81:fe:a5:fa:b8:2c:64:bf:a2:ea:ec:af:cd:e8:e0:77:fc:86:20:a7:ca:e5:37:16:3d:f3:6e:db:f3:78
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R3
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R3
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA - R3"
+# Serial: 4835703278459759426209954
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c5:df:b8:49:ca:05:13:55:ee:2d:ba:1a:c3:3e:b0:28
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: d6:9b:56:11:48:f0:1c:77:c5:45:78:c1:09:26:df:5b:85:69:76:ad
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068
+# Subject: CN=Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068
+# Label: "Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068"
+# Serial: 6047274297262753887
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Izenpe.com O=IZENPE S.A.
+# Subject: CN=Izenpe.com O=IZENPE S.A.
+# Label: "Izenpe.com"
+# Serial: 917563065490389241595536686991402621
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+# Issuer: CN=Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=GoDaddy.com, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=GoDaddy.com, Inc.
+# Label: "Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Label: "Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Label: "Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=AffirmTrust Commercial O=AffirmTrust
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+# Label: "AffirmTrust Commercial"
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+# Issuer: CN=AffirmTrust Networking O=AffirmTrust
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+# Label: "AffirmTrust Networking"
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+# Label: "AffirmTrust Premium"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=AffirmTrust Premium ECC O=AffirmTrust
+# Subject: CN=AffirmTrust Premium ECC O=AffirmTrust
+# Label: "AffirmTrust Premium ECC"
+# Serial: 8401224907861490260
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum Trusted Network CA"
+# Serial: 279744
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=TWCA Root Certification Authority O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Subject: CN=TWCA Root Certification Authority O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Label: "TWCA Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: O=SECOM Trust Systems CO.,LTD. OU=Security Communication RootCA2
+# Subject: O=SECOM Trust Systems CO.,LTD. OU=Security Communication RootCA2
+# Label: "Security Communication RootCA2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=EC-ACC O=Agencia Catalana de Certificacio (NIF Q-0801176-I) OU=Serveis Publics de Certificacio/Vegeu https://www.catcert.net/verarrel (c)03/Jerarquia Entitats de Certificacio Catalanes
+# Subject: CN=EC-ACC O=Agencia Catalana de Certificacio (NIF Q-0801176-I) OU=Serveis Publics de Certificacio/Vegeu https://www.catcert.net/verarrel (c)03/Jerarquia Entitats de Certificacio Catalanes
+# Label: "EC-ACC"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions Cert. Authority
+# Subject: CN=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions Cert. Authority
+# Label: "Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Actalis Authentication Root CA O=Actalis S.p.A./03358520967
+# Subject: CN=Actalis Authentication Root CA O=Actalis S.p.A./03358520967
+# Label: "Actalis Authentication Root CA"
+# Serial: 6271844772424770508
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Buypass Class 2 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Subject: CN=Buypass Class 2 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Label: "Buypass Class 2 Root CA"
+# Serial: 2
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 46:a7:d2:fe:45:fb:64:5a:a8:59:90:9b:78:44:9b:29
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Buypass Class 3 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Subject: CN=Buypass Class 3 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Label: "Buypass Class 3 Root CA"
+# Serial: 2
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Subject: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Label: "T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Subject: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Label: "D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009"
+# Serial: 623603
+# MD5 Fingerprint: cd:e0:25:69:8d:47:ac:9c:89:35:90:f7:fd:51:3d:2f
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 58:e8:ab:b0:36:15:33:fb:80:f7:9b:1b:6d:29:d3:ff:8d:5f:00:f0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Subject: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Label: "D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009"
+# Serial: 623604
+# MD5 Fingerprint: aa:c6:43:2c:5e:2d:cd:c4:34:c0:50:4f:11:02:4f:b6
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=CA Disig Root R2 O=Disig a.s.
+# Subject: CN=CA Disig Root R2 O=Disig a.s.
+# Label: "CA Disig Root R2"
+# Serial: 10572350602393338211
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 26:01:fb:d8:27:a7:17:9a:45:54:38:1a:43:01:3b:03
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: b5:61:eb:ea:a4:de:e4:25:4b:69:1a:98:a5:57:47:c2:34:c7:d9:71
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=ACCVRAIZ1 O=ACCV OU=PKIACCV
+# Subject: CN=ACCVRAIZ1 O=ACCV OU=PKIACCV
+# Label: "ACCVRAIZ1"
+# Serial: 6828503384748696800
+# MD5 Fingerprint: d0:a0:5a:ee:05:b6:09:94:21:a1:7d:f1:b2:29:82:02
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 93:05:7a:88:15:c6:4f:ce:88:2f:fa:91:16:52:28:78:bc:53:64:17
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=TWCA Global Root CA O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Subject: CN=TWCA Global Root CA O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Label: "TWCA Global Root CA"
+# Serial: 3262
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f9:03:7e:cf:e6:9e:3c:73:7a:2a:90:07:69:ff:2b:96
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TeliaSonera Root CA v1 O=TeliaSonera
+# Subject: CN=TeliaSonera Root CA v1 O=TeliaSonera
+# Label: "TeliaSonera Root CA v1"
+# Serial: 199041966741090107964904287217786801558
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 37:41:49:1b:18:56:9a:26:f5:ad:c2:66:fb:40:a5:4c
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=E-Tugra Certification Authority O=E-Tu\u011fra EBG Bili\u015fim Teknolojileri ve Hizmetleri A.\u015e. OU=E-Tugra Sertifikasyon Merkezi
+# Subject: CN=E-Tugra Certification Authority O=E-Tu\u011fra EBG Bili\u015fim Teknolojileri ve Hizmetleri A.\u015e. OU=E-Tugra Sertifikasyon Merkezi
+# Label: "E-Tugra Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 7667447206703254355
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b8:a1:03:63:b0:bd:21:71:70:8a:6f:13:3a:bb:79:49
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 51:c6:e7:08:49:06:6e:f3:92:d4:5c:a0:0d:6d:a3:62:8f:c3:52:39
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Subject: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Label: "T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2"
+# Serial: 1
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 2b:9b:9e:e4:7b:6c:1f:00:72:1a:cc:c1:77:79:df:6a
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 59:0d:2d:7d:88:4f:40:2e:61:7e:a5:62:32:17:65:cf:17:d8:94:e9
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Atos TrustedRoot 2011 O=Atos
+# Subject: CN=Atos TrustedRoot 2011 O=Atos
+# Label: "Atos TrustedRoot 2011"
+# Serial: 6643877497813316402
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3"
+# Serial: 687049649626669250736271037606554624078720034195
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3"
+# Serial: 390156079458959257446133169266079962026824725800
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3"
+# Serial: 268090761170461462463995952157327242137089239581
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Assured ID Root G2"
+# Serial: 15385348160840213938643033620894905419
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 92:38:b9:f8:63:24:82:65:2c:57:33:e6:fe:81:8f:9d
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Assured ID Root G3"
+# Serial: 15459312981008553731928384953135426796
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 7c:7f:65:31:0c:81:df:8d:ba:3e:99:e2:5c:ad:6e:fb
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Global Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Global Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Global Root G2"
+# Serial: 4293743540046975378534879503202253541
+# MD5 Fingerprint: e4:a6:8a:c8:54:ac:52:42:46:0a:fd:72:48:1b:2a:44
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Global Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Global Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Global Root G3"
+# Serial: 7089244469030293291760083333884364146
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f5:5d:a4:50:a5:fb:28:7e:1e:0f:0d:cc:96:57:56:ca
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Trusted Root G4"
+# Serial: 7451500558977370777930084869016614236
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 78:f2:fc:aa:60:1f:2f:b4:eb:c9:37:ba:53:2e:75:49
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=COMODO RSA Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=COMODO RSA Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Label: "COMODO RSA Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 101909084537582093308941363524873193117
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1b:31:b0:71:40:36:cc:14:36:91:ad:c4:3e:fd:ec:18
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: af:e5:d2:44:a8:d1:19:42:30:ff:47:9f:e2:f8:97:bb:cd:7a:8c:b4
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=USERTrust RSA Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Subject: CN=USERTrust RSA Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Label: "USERTrust RSA Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 2645093764781058787591871645665788717
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1b:fe:69:d1:91:b7:19:33:a3:72:a8:0f:e1:55:e5:b5
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 2b:8f:1b:57:33:0d:bb:a2:d0:7a:6c:51:f7:0e:e9:0d:da:b9:ad:8e
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=USERTrust ECC Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Subject: CN=USERTrust ECC Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Label: "USERTrust ECC Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 123013823720199481456569720443997572134
+# MD5 Fingerprint: fa:68:bc:d9:b5:7f:ad:fd:c9:1d:06:83:28:cc:24:c1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4
+# Label: "GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4"
+# Serial: 14367148294922964480859022125800977897474
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5
+# Label: "GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5"
+# Serial: 32785792099990507226680698011560947931244
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 9f:ad:3b:1c:02:1e:8a:ba:17:74:38:81:0c:a2:bc:08
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA O=Staat der Nederlanden
+# Subject: CN=Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA O=Staat der Nederlanden
+# Label: "Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA"
+# Serial: 10000013
+# MD5 Fingerprint: fc:06:af:7b:e8:1a:f1:9a:b4:e8:d2:70:1f:c0:f5:ba
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Subject: CN=IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Label: "IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 13298821034946342390520003877796839426
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b3:3e:77:73:75:ee:a0:d3:e3:7e:49:63:49:59:bb:c7
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Subject: CN=IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Label: "IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 13298821034946342390521976156843933698
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 1246989352
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2012 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2012 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1"
+# Serial: 51543124481930649114116133369
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=CFCA EV ROOT O=China Financial Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=CFCA EV ROOT O=China Financial Certification Authority
+# Label: "CFCA EV ROOT"
+# Serial: 407555286
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Subject: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Label: "OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA"
+# Serial: 157768595616588414422159278966750757568
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=SZAFIR ROOT CA2 O=Krajowa Izba Rozliczeniowa S.A.
+# Subject: CN=SZAFIR ROOT CA2 O=Krajowa Izba Rozliczeniowa S.A.
+# Label: "SZAFIR ROOT CA2"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA 2 O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA 2 O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum Trusted Network CA 2"
+# Serial: 44979900017204383099463764357512596969
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 2 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 2 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 2"
+# Serial: 143266982885963551818349160658925006970653239
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c8:e5:8d:ce:a8:42:e2:7a:c0:2a:5c:7c:9e:26:bf:66
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 3 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 3 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 3"
+# Serial: 143266986699090766294700635381230934788665930
+# MD5 Fingerprint: a0:d4:ef:0b:f7:b5:d8:49:95:2a:ec:f5:c4:fc:81:87
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 0d:44:dd:8c:3c:8c:1a:1a:58:75:64:81:e9:0f:2e:2a:ff:b3:d2:6e
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 18:ce:6c:fe:7b:f1:4e:60:b2:e3:47:b8:df:e8:68:cb:31:d0:2e:bb:3a:da:27:15:69:f5:03:43:b4:6d:b3:a4
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 4 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 4 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 4"
+# Serial: 143266989758080763974105200630763877849284878
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 89:bc:27:d5:eb:17:8d:06:6a:69:d5:fd:89:47:b4:cd
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1 O=Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu - TUBITAK OU=Kamu Sertifikasyon Merkezi - Kamu SM
+# Subject: CN=TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1 O=Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu - TUBITAK OU=Kamu Sertifikasyon Merkezi - Kamu SM
+# Label: "TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1"
+# Serial: 1
+# MD5 Fingerprint: dc:00:81:dc:69:2f:3e:2f:b0:3b:f6:3d:5a:91:8e:49
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT O=GUANG DONG CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY CO.,LTD.
+# Subject: CN=GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT O=GUANG DONG CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY CO.,LTD.
+# Label: "GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT"
+# Serial: 9009899650740120186
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 63:cc:d9:3d:34:35:5c:6f:53:a3:e2:08:70:48:1f:b4
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 0f:36:38:5b:81:1a:25:c3:9b:31:4e:83:ca:e9:34:66:70:cc:74:b4
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Subject: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Label: "TrustCor RootCert CA-1"
+# Serial: 15752444095811006489
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 6e:85:f1:dc:1a:00:d3:22:d5:b2:b2:ac:6b:37:05:45
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-2 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Subject: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-2 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Label: "TrustCor RootCert CA-2"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=TrustCor ECA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Subject: CN=TrustCor ECA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Label: "TrustCor ECA-1"
+# Serial: 9548242946988625984
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA"
+# Serial: 8875640296558310041
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 86:69:12:c0:70:f1:ec:ac:ac:c2:d5:bc:a5:5b:a1:29
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC"
+# Serial: 8495723813297216424
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 2e:da:e4:39:7f:9c:8f:37:d1:70:9f:26:17:51:3a:8e
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2 O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2 O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2"
+# Serial: 6248227494352943350
+# MD5 Fingerprint: e1:1e:31:58:1a:ae:54:53:02:f6:17:6a:11:7b:4d:95
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC"
+# Serial: 3182246526754555285
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 59:53:22:65:83:42:01:54:c0:ce:42:b9:5a:7c:f2:90
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R6
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R6
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA - R6"
+# Serial: 1417766617973444989252670301619537
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 4f:dd:07:e4:d4:22:64:39:1e:0c:37:42:ea:d1:c6:ae
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Subject: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Label: "OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA"
+# Serial: 44084345621038548146064804565436152554
+# MD5 Fingerprint: a9:d6:b9:2d:2f:93:64:f8:a5:69:ca:91:e9:68:07:23
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R1 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R1 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R1"
+# Serial: 146587175971765017618439757810265552097
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 82:1a:ef:d4:d2:4a:f2:9f:e2:3d:97:06:14:70:72:85
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R2 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R2 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R2"
+# Serial: 146587176055767053814479386953112547951
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 44:ed:9a:0e:a4:09:3b:00:f2:ae:4c:a3:c6:61:b0:8b
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R3 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R3 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R3"
+# Serial: 146587176140553309517047991083707763997
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1a:79:5b:6b:04:52:9c:5d:c7:74:33:1b:25:9a:f9:25
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R4 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R4 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R4"
+# Serial: 146587176229350439916519468929765261721
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=UCA Global G2 Root O=UniTrust
+# Subject: CN=UCA Global G2 Root O=UniTrust
+# Label: "UCA Global G2 Root"
+# Serial: 124779693093741543919145257850076631279
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 80:fe:f0:c4:4a:f0:5c:62:32:9f:1c:ba:78:a9:50:f8
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=UCA Extended Validation Root O=UniTrust
+# Subject: CN=UCA Extended Validation Root O=UniTrust
+# Label: "UCA Extended Validation Root"
+# Serial: 106100277556486529736699587978573607008
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Certigna Root CA O=Dhimyotis OU=0002 48146308100036
+# Subject: CN=Certigna Root CA O=Dhimyotis OU=0002 48146308100036
+# Label: "Certigna Root CA"
+# Serial: 269714418870597844693661054334862075617
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 0e:5c:30:62:27:eb:5b:bc:d7:ae:62:ba:e9:d5:df:77
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=emSign Root CA - G1 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Subject: CN=emSign Root CA - G1 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign Root CA - G1"
+# Serial: 235931866688319308814040
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 9c:42:84:57:dd:cb:0b:a7:2e:95:ad:b6:f3:da:bc:ac
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 8a:c7:ad:8f:73:ac:4e:c1:b5:75:4d:a5:40:f4:fc:cf:7c:b5:8e:8c
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - G3 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign ECC Root CA - G3"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=emSign Root CA - C1 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Subject: CN=emSign Root CA - C1 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign Root CA - C1"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - C3 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Subject: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - C3 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign ECC Root CA - C3"
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+# Issuer: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 3 O=Hongkong Post
+# Subject: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 3 O=Hongkong Post
+# Label: "Hongkong Post Root CA 3"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G4 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2015 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G4 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2015 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority - G4"
+# Serial: 289383649854506086828220374796556676440
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Microsoft ECC Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Subject: CN=Microsoft ECC Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Label: "Microsoft ECC Root Certificate Authority 2017"
+# Serial: 136839042543790627607696632466672567020
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Microsoft RSA Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Subject: CN=Microsoft RSA Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Label: "Microsoft RSA Root Certificate Authority 2017"
+# Serial: 40975477897264996090493496164228220339
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 10:ff:00:ff:cf:c9:f8:c7:7a:c0:ee:35:8e:c9:0f:47
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=e-Szigno Root CA 2017 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Subject: CN=e-Szigno Root CA 2017 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Label: "e-Szigno Root CA 2017"
+# Serial: 411379200276854331539784714
+# MD5 Fingerprint: de:1f:f6:9e:84:ae:a7:b4:21:ce:1e:58:7d:d1:84:98
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: O=CERTSIGN SA OU=certSIGN ROOT CA G2
+# Subject: O=CERTSIGN SA OU=certSIGN ROOT CA G2
+# Label: "certSIGN Root CA G2"
+# Serial: 313609486401300475190
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 8c:f1:75:8a:c6:19:cf:94:b7:f7:65:20:87:c3:97:c7
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Trustwave Global Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Trustwave Global Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Label: "Trustwave Global Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 1846098327275375458322922162
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f8:1c:18:2d:2f:ba:5f:6d:a1:6c:bc:c7:ab:91:c7:0e
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 2f:8f:36:4f:e1:58:97:44:21:59:87:a5:2a:9a:d0:69:95:26:7f:b5
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P256 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P256 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Label: "Trustwave Global ECC P256 Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 4151900041497450638097112925
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 5b:44:e3:8d:5d:36:86:26:e8:0d:05:d2:59:a7:83:54
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: b4:90:82:dd:45:0c:be:8b:5b:b1:66:d3:e2:a4:08:26:cd:ed:42:cf
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 94:5b:bc:82:5e:a5:54:f4:89:d1:fd:51:a7:3d:df:2e:a6:24:ac:70:19:a0:52:05:22:5c:22:a7:8c:cf:a8:b4
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P384 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P384 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Label: "Trustwave Global ECC P384 Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 2704997926503831671788816187
+# MD5 Fingerprint: ea:cf:60:c4:3b:b9:15:29:40:a1:97:ed:78:27:93:d6
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=NAVER Global Root Certification Authority O=NAVER BUSINESS PLATFORM Corp.
+# Subject: CN=NAVER Global Root Certification Authority O=NAVER BUSINESS PLATFORM Corp.
+# Label: "NAVER Global Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 9013692873798656336226253319739695165984492813
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS O=FNMT-RCM OU=Ceres
+# Subject: CN=AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS O=FNMT-RCM OU=Ceres
+# Label: "AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS"
+# Serial: 131542671362353147877283741781055151509
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign Root R46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign Root R46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root R46"
+# Serial: 1552617688466950547958867513931858518042577
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c4:14:30:e4:fa:66:43:94:2a:6a:1b:24:5f:19:d0:ef
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign Root E46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign Root E46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root E46"
+# Serial: 1552617690338932563915843282459653771421763
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GLOBALTRUST 2020 O=e-commerce monitoring GmbH
+# Subject: CN=GLOBALTRUST 2020 O=e-commerce monitoring GmbH
+# Label: "GLOBALTRUST 2020"
+# Serial: 109160994242082918454945253
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 8a:c7:6f:cb:6d:e3:cc:a2:f1:7c:83:fa:0e:78:d7:e8
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=ANF Secure Server Root CA O=ANF Autoridad de Certificacion OU=ANF CA Raiz
+# Subject: CN=ANF Secure Server Root CA O=ANF Autoridad de Certificacion OU=ANF CA Raiz
+# Label: "ANF Secure Server Root CA"
+# Serial: 996390341000653745
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 26:a6:44:5a:d9:af:4e:2f:b2:1d:b6:65:b0:4e:e8:96
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certum Trusted Root CA O=Asseco Data Systems S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=Certum Trusted Root CA O=Asseco Data Systems S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum Trusted Root CA"
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+# Issuer: CN=TunTrust Root CA O=Agence Nationale de Certification Electronique
+# Subject: CN=TunTrust Root CA O=Agence Nationale de Certification Electronique
+# Label: "TunTrust Root CA"
+# Serial: 108534058042236574382096126452369648152337120275
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=HARICA TLS RSA Root CA 2021 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions CA
+# Subject: CN=HARICA TLS RSA Root CA 2021 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions CA
+# Label: "HARICA TLS RSA Root CA 2021"
+# Serial: 76817823531813593706434026085292783742
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=HARICA TLS ECC Root CA 2021 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions CA
+# Subject: CN=HARICA TLS ECC Root CA 2021 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions CA
+# Label: "HARICA TLS ECC Root CA 2021"
+# Serial: 137515985548005187474074462014555733966
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+AgGGMAoGCCqGSM49BAMDA2cAMGQCMBHervjcToiwqfAircJRQO9gcS3ujwLEXQNw
+SaSS6sUUiHCm0w2wqsosQJz76YJumgIwK0eaB8bRwoF8yguWGEEbo/QwCZ61IygN
+nxS2PFOiTAZpffpskcYqSUXm7LcT4Tps
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d2b8cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/certifi/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+certifi.py
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module returns the installation location of cacert.pem or its contents.
+"""
+import os
+
+try:
+    from importlib.resources import path as get_path, read_text
+
+    _CACERT_CTX = None
+    _CACERT_PATH = None
+
+    def where():
+        # This is slightly terrible, but we want to delay extracting the file
+        # in cases where we're inside of a zipimport situation until someone
+        # actually calls where(), but we don't want to re-extract the file
+        # on every call of where(), so we'll do it once then store it in a
+        # global variable.
+        global _CACERT_CTX
+        global _CACERT_PATH
+        if _CACERT_PATH is None:
+            # This is slightly janky, the importlib.resources API wants you to
+            # manage the cleanup of this file, so it doesn't actually return a
+            # path, it returns a context manager that will give you the path
+            # when you enter it and will do any cleanup when you leave it. In
+            # the common case of not needing a temporary file, it will just
+            # return the file system location and the __exit__() is a no-op.
+            #
+            # We also have to hold onto the actual context manager, because
+            # it will do the cleanup whenever it gets garbage collected, so
+            # we will also store that at the global level as well.
+            _CACERT_CTX = get_path("certifi", "cacert.pem")
+            _CACERT_PATH = str(_CACERT_CTX.__enter__())
+
+        return _CACERT_PATH
+
+
+except ImportError:
+    # This fallback will work for Python versions prior to 3.7 that lack the
+    # importlib.resources module but relies on the existing `where` function
+    # so won't address issues with environments like PyOxidizer that don't set
+    # __file__ on modules.
+    def read_text(_module, _path, encoding="ascii"):
+        with open(where(), "r", encoding=encoding) as data:
+            return data.read()
+
+    # If we don't have importlib.resources, then we will just do the old logic
+    # of assuming we're on the filesystem and munge the path directly.
+    def where():
+        f = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+
+        return os.path.join(f, "cacert.pem")
+
+
+def contents():
+    return read_text("certifi", "cacert.pem", encoding="ascii")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29225ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+
+Except when otherwise stated (look for LICENSE files in directories or
+information at the beginning of each file) all software and
+documentation is licensed as follows: 
+
+    The MIT License
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person 
+    obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation 
+    files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without 
+    restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, 
+    copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or 
+    sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the 
+    Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included 
+    in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS 
+    OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, 
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL 
+    THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER 
+    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING 
+    FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER 
+    DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b708a09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: cffi
+Version: 1.15.0
+Summary: Foreign Function Interface for Python calling C code.
+Home-page: http://cffi.readthedocs.org
+Author: Armin Rigo, Maciej Fijalkowski
+Author-email: python-cffi@googlegroups.com
+License: MIT
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: pycparser
+
+
+CFFI
+====
+
+Foreign Function Interface for Python calling C code.
+Please see the `Documentation <http://cffi.readthedocs.org/>`_.
+
+Contact
+-------
+
+`Mailing list <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/python-cffi>`_
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..332c504
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+_cffi_backend.cpython-39-darwin.so,sha256=99hBWvHRpYJ9S3sR2sU8kloE3epgG8mUWv-t70ulnQY,202488
+cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=BLgPWwd7vtaICM_rreteNSPyqMmpZJXFh72W3x6sKjM,1294
+cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=eo1521k3Cf0aEkta5nFxpMpLkd-kufSatsH1IAJqd-Y,1164
+cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=JIE30nfOWUuazI4Vcfiuv_cYm-SkZCh6YOqQQjhm90A,109
+cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt,sha256=Q9f5C9IpjYxo0d2PK9eUcnkgxHc9pHWwjEMaANPKNCI,76
+cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=rE7WR3rZfNKxWI9-jn6hsHCAl7MDkB-FmuQbxWjFehQ,19
+cffi/__init__.py,sha256=Aen4-pzAyn3fJtNenOUS8UKh9UIMqvznzJl1aJC8rEQ,513
+cffi/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/api.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/backend_ctypes.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/cffi_opcode.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/commontypes.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/cparser.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/error.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/ffiplatform.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/lock.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/model.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/pkgconfig.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/recompiler.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/setuptools_ext.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/vengine_cpy.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/vengine_gen.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/__pycache__/verifier.cpython-39.pyc,,
+cffi/_cffi_errors.h,sha256=zQXt7uR_m8gUW-fI2hJg0KoSkJFwXv8RGUkEDZ177dQ,3908
+cffi/_cffi_include.h,sha256=tKnA1rdSoPHp23FnDL1mDGwFo-Uj6fXfA6vA6kcoEUc,14800
+cffi/_embedding.h,sha256=fw4QAZY0CtulrPth_owWtl3I6l9F7ElloEmuKxs97CY,17581
+cffi/api.py,sha256=yxJalIePbr1mz_WxAHokSwyP5CVYde44m-nolHnbJNo,42064
+cffi/backend_ctypes.py,sha256=h5ZIzLc6BFVXnGyc9xPqZWUS7qGy7yFSDqXe68Sa8z4,42454
+cffi/cffi_opcode.py,sha256=v9RdD_ovA8rCtqsC95Ivki5V667rAOhGgs3fb2q9xpM,5724
+cffi/commontypes.py,sha256=QS4uxCDI7JhtTyjh1hlnCA-gynmaszWxJaRRLGkJa1A,2689
+cffi/cparser.py,sha256=rO_1pELRw1gI1DE1m4gi2ik5JMfpxouAACLXpRPlVEA,44231
+cffi/error.py,sha256=v6xTiS4U0kvDcy4h_BDRo5v39ZQuj-IMRYLv5ETddZs,877
+cffi/ffiplatform.py,sha256=HMXqR8ks2wtdsNxGaWpQ_PyqIvtiuos_vf1qKCy-cwg,4046
+cffi/lock.py,sha256=l9TTdwMIMpi6jDkJGnQgE9cvTIR7CAntIJr8EGHt3pY,747
+cffi/model.py,sha256=_GH_UF1Rn9vC4AvmgJm6qj7RUXXG3eqKPc8bPxxyBKE,21768
+cffi/parse_c_type.h,sha256=OdwQfwM9ktq6vlCB43exFQmxDBtj2MBNdK8LYl15tjw,5976
+cffi/pkgconfig.py,sha256=LP1w7vmWvmKwyqLaU1Z243FOWGNQMrgMUZrvgFuOlco,4374
+cffi/recompiler.py,sha256=7OBdKr0dAzRnEbgQvjCAikoFAygjTvitaJHdRGc1k24,64568
+cffi/setuptools_ext.py,sha256=RUR17N5f8gpiQBBlXL34P9FtOu1mhHIaAf3WJlg5S4I,8931
+cffi/vengine_cpy.py,sha256=YglN8YS-UaHEv2k2cxgotNWE87dHX20-68EyKoiKUYA,43320
+cffi/vengine_gen.py,sha256=5dX7s1DU6pTBOMI6oTVn_8Bnmru_lj932B6b4v29Hlg,26684
+cffi/verifier.py,sha256=ESwuXWXtXrKEagCKveLRDjFzLNCyaKdqAgAlKREcyhY,11253
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c3644e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: false
+Tag: cp39-cp39-macosx_10_9_x86_64
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eee7e0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[distutils.setup_keywords]
+cffi_modules = cffi.setuptools_ext:cffi_modules
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f645779
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi-1.15.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+_cffi_backend
+cffi
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82a9618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+__all__ = ['FFI', 'VerificationError', 'VerificationMissing', 'CDefError',
+           'FFIError']
+
+from .api import FFI
+from .error import CDefError, FFIError, VerificationError, VerificationMissing
+from .error import PkgConfigError
+
+__version__ = "1.15.0"
+__version_info__ = (1, 15, 0)
+
+# The verifier module file names are based on the CRC32 of a string that
+# contains the following version number.  It may be older than __version__
+# if nothing is clearly incompatible.
+__version_verifier_modules__ = "0.8.6"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/_cffi_errors.h b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/_cffi_errors.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..158e059
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/_cffi_errors.h
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#ifndef CFFI_MESSAGEBOX
+# ifdef _MSC_VER
+#  define CFFI_MESSAGEBOX  1
+# else
+#  define CFFI_MESSAGEBOX  0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+
+#if CFFI_MESSAGEBOX
+/* Windows only: logic to take the Python-CFFI embedding logic
+   initialization errors and display them in a background thread
+   with MessageBox.  The idea is that if the whole program closes
+   as a result of this problem, then likely it is already a console
+   program and you can read the stderr output in the console too.
+   If it is not a console program, then it will likely show its own
+   dialog to complain, or generally not abruptly close, and for this
+   case the background thread should stay alive.
+*/
+static void *volatile _cffi_bootstrap_text;
+
+static PyObject *_cffi_start_error_capture(void)
+{
+    PyObject *result = NULL;
+    PyObject *x, *m, *bi;
+
+    if (InterlockedCompareExchangePointer(&_cffi_bootstrap_text,
+            (void *)1, NULL) != NULL)
+        return (PyObject *)1;
+
+    m = PyImport_AddModule("_cffi_error_capture");
+    if (m == NULL)
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PyModule_GetDict(m);
+    if (result == NULL)
+        goto error;
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    bi = PyImport_ImportModule("builtins");
+#else
+    bi = PyImport_ImportModule("__builtin__");
+#endif
+    if (bi == NULL)
+        goto error;
+    PyDict_SetItemString(result, "__builtins__", bi);
+    Py_DECREF(bi);
+
+    x = PyRun_String(
+        "import sys\n"
+        "class FileLike:\n"
+        "  def write(self, x):\n"
+        "    try:\n"
+        "      of.write(x)\n"
+        "    except: pass\n"
+        "    self.buf += x\n"
+        "  def flush(self):\n"
+        "    pass\n"
+        "fl = FileLike()\n"
+        "fl.buf = ''\n"
+        "of = sys.stderr\n"
+        "sys.stderr = fl\n"
+        "def done():\n"
+        "  sys.stderr = of\n"
+        "  return fl.buf\n",   /* make sure the returned value stays alive */
+        Py_file_input,
+        result, result);
+    Py_XDECREF(x);
+
+ error:
+    if (PyErr_Occurred())
+    {
+        PyErr_WriteUnraisable(Py_None);
+        PyErr_Clear();
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+#pragma comment(lib, "user32.lib")
+
+static DWORD WINAPI _cffi_bootstrap_dialog(LPVOID ignored)
+{
+    Sleep(666);    /* may be interrupted if the whole process is closing */
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    MessageBoxW(NULL, (wchar_t *)_cffi_bootstrap_text,
+                L"Python-CFFI error",
+                MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
+#else
+    MessageBoxA(NULL, (char *)_cffi_bootstrap_text,
+                "Python-CFFI error",
+                MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
+#endif
+    _cffi_bootstrap_text = NULL;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void _cffi_stop_error_capture(PyObject *ecap)
+{
+    PyObject *s;
+    void *text;
+
+    if (ecap == (PyObject *)1)
+        return;
+
+    if (ecap == NULL)
+        goto error;
+
+    s = PyRun_String("done()", Py_eval_input, ecap, ecap);
+    if (s == NULL)
+        goto error;
+
+    /* Show a dialog box, but in a background thread, and
+       never show multiple dialog boxes at once. */
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    text = PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(s, NULL);
+#else
+    text = PyString_AsString(s);
+#endif
+
+    _cffi_bootstrap_text = text;
+
+    if (text != NULL)
+    {
+        HANDLE h;
+        h = CreateThread(NULL, 0, _cffi_bootstrap_dialog,
+                         NULL, 0, NULL);
+        if (h != NULL)
+            CloseHandle(h);
+    }
+    /* decref the string, but it should stay alive as 'fl.buf'
+       in the small module above.  It will really be freed only if
+       we later get another similar error.  So it's a leak of at
+       most one copy of the small module.  That's fine for this
+       situation which is usually a "fatal error" anyway. */
+    Py_DECREF(s);
+    PyErr_Clear();
+    return;
+
+  error:
+    _cffi_bootstrap_text = NULL;
+    PyErr_Clear();
+}
+
+#else
+
+static PyObject *_cffi_start_error_capture(void) { return NULL; }
+static void _cffi_stop_error_capture(PyObject *ecap) { }
+
+#endif
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/_cffi_include.h b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/_cffi_include.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4c0a67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/_cffi_include.h
@@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
+#define _CFFI_
+
+/* We try to define Py_LIMITED_API before including Python.h.
+
+   Mess: we can only define it if Py_DEBUG, Py_TRACE_REFS and
+   Py_REF_DEBUG are not defined.  This is a best-effort approximation:
+   we can learn about Py_DEBUG from pyconfig.h, but it is unclear if
+   the same works for the other two macros.  Py_DEBUG implies them,
+   but not the other way around.
+
+   The implementation is messy (issue #350): on Windows, with _MSC_VER,
+   we have to define Py_LIMITED_API even before including pyconfig.h.
+   In that case, we guess what pyconfig.h will do to the macros above,
+   and check our guess after the #include.
+
+   Note that on Windows, with CPython 3.x, you need >= 3.5 and virtualenv
+   version >= 16.0.0.  With older versions of either, you don't get a
+   copy of PYTHON3.DLL in the virtualenv.  We can't check the version of
+   CPython *before* we even include pyconfig.h.  ffi.set_source() puts
+   a ``#define _CFFI_NO_LIMITED_API'' at the start of this file if it is
+   running on Windows < 3.5, as an attempt at fixing it, but that's
+   arguably wrong because it may not be the target version of Python.
+   Still better than nothing I guess.  As another workaround, you can
+   remove the definition of Py_LIMITED_API here.
+
+   See also 'py_limited_api' in cffi/setuptools_ext.py.
+*/
+#if !defined(_CFFI_USE_EMBEDDING) && !defined(Py_LIMITED_API)
+#  ifdef _MSC_VER
+#    if !defined(_DEBUG) && !defined(Py_DEBUG) && !defined(Py_TRACE_REFS) && !defined(Py_REF_DEBUG) && !defined(_CFFI_NO_LIMITED_API)
+#      define Py_LIMITED_API
+#    endif
+#    include <pyconfig.h>
+     /* sanity-check: Py_LIMITED_API will cause crashes if any of these
+        are also defined.  Normally, the Python file PC/pyconfig.h does not
+        cause any of these to be defined, with the exception that _DEBUG
+        causes Py_DEBUG.  Double-check that. */
+#    ifdef Py_LIMITED_API
+#      if defined(Py_DEBUG)
+#        error "pyconfig.h unexpectedly defines Py_DEBUG, but Py_LIMITED_API is set"
+#      endif
+#      if defined(Py_TRACE_REFS)
+#        error "pyconfig.h unexpectedly defines Py_TRACE_REFS, but Py_LIMITED_API is set"
+#      endif
+#      if defined(Py_REF_DEBUG)
+#        error "pyconfig.h unexpectedly defines Py_REF_DEBUG, but Py_LIMITED_API is set"
+#      endif
+#    endif
+#  else
+#    include <pyconfig.h>
+#    if !defined(Py_DEBUG) && !defined(Py_TRACE_REFS) && !defined(Py_REF_DEBUG) && !defined(_CFFI_NO_LIMITED_API)
+#      define Py_LIMITED_API
+#    endif
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#include <Python.h>
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include "parse_c_type.h"
+
+/* this block of #ifs should be kept exactly identical between
+   c/_cffi_backend.c, cffi/vengine_cpy.py, cffi/vengine_gen.py
+   and cffi/_cffi_include.h */
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+# include <malloc.h>   /* for alloca() */
+# if _MSC_VER < 1600   /* MSVC < 2010 */
+   typedef __int8 int8_t;
+   typedef __int16 int16_t;
+   typedef __int32 int32_t;
+   typedef __int64 int64_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
+   typedef __int8 int_least8_t;
+   typedef __int16 int_least16_t;
+   typedef __int32 int_least32_t;
+   typedef __int64 int_least64_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int8 uint_least8_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int16 uint_least16_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int32 uint_least32_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uint_least64_t;
+   typedef __int8 int_fast8_t;
+   typedef __int16 int_fast16_t;
+   typedef __int32 int_fast32_t;
+   typedef __int64 int_fast64_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int8 uint_fast8_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int16 uint_fast16_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int32 uint_fast32_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uint_fast64_t;
+   typedef __int64 intmax_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uintmax_t;
+# else
+#  include <stdint.h>
+# endif
+# if _MSC_VER < 1800   /* MSVC < 2013 */
+#  ifndef __cplusplus
+    typedef unsigned char _Bool;
+#  endif
+# endif
+#else
+# include <stdint.h>
+# if (defined (__SVR4) && defined (__sun)) || defined(_AIX) || defined(__hpux)
+#  include <alloca.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+# define _CFFI_UNUSED_FN  __attribute__((unused))
+#else
+# define _CFFI_UNUSED_FN  /* nothing */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+# ifndef _Bool
+   typedef bool _Bool;   /* semi-hackish: C++ has no _Bool; bool is builtin */
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/**********  CPython-specific section  **********/
+#ifndef PYPY_VERSION
+
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+# define PyInt_FromLong PyLong_FromLong
+#endif
+
+#define _cffi_from_c_double PyFloat_FromDouble
+#define _cffi_from_c_float PyFloat_FromDouble
+#define _cffi_from_c_long PyInt_FromLong
+#define _cffi_from_c_ulong PyLong_FromUnsignedLong
+#define _cffi_from_c_longlong PyLong_FromLongLong
+#define _cffi_from_c_ulonglong PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong
+#define _cffi_from_c__Bool PyBool_FromLong
+
+#define _cffi_to_c_double PyFloat_AsDouble
+#define _cffi_to_c_float PyFloat_AsDouble
+
+#define _cffi_from_c_int(x, type)                                        \
+    (((type)-1) > 0 ? /* unsigned */                                     \
+        (sizeof(type) < sizeof(long) ?                                   \
+            PyInt_FromLong((long)x) :                                    \
+         sizeof(type) == sizeof(long) ?                                  \
+            PyLong_FromUnsignedLong((unsigned long)x) :                  \
+            PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong((unsigned long long)x)) :        \
+        (sizeof(type) <= sizeof(long) ?                                  \
+            PyInt_FromLong((long)x) :                                    \
+            PyLong_FromLongLong((long long)x)))
+
+#define _cffi_to_c_int(o, type)                                          \
+    ((type)(                                                             \
+     sizeof(type) == 1 ? (((type)-1) > 0 ? (type)_cffi_to_c_u8(o)        \
+                                         : (type)_cffi_to_c_i8(o)) :     \
+     sizeof(type) == 2 ? (((type)-1) > 0 ? (type)_cffi_to_c_u16(o)       \
+                                         : (type)_cffi_to_c_i16(o)) :    \
+     sizeof(type) == 4 ? (((type)-1) > 0 ? (type)_cffi_to_c_u32(o)       \
+                                         : (type)_cffi_to_c_i32(o)) :    \
+     sizeof(type) == 8 ? (((type)-1) > 0 ? (type)_cffi_to_c_u64(o)       \
+                                         : (type)_cffi_to_c_i64(o)) :    \
+     (Py_FatalError("unsupported size for type " #type), (type)0)))
+
+#define _cffi_to_c_i8                                                    \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[1])
+#define _cffi_to_c_u8                                                    \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[2])
+#define _cffi_to_c_i16                                                   \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[3])
+#define _cffi_to_c_u16                                                   \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[4])
+#define _cffi_to_c_i32                                                   \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[5])
+#define _cffi_to_c_u32                                                   \
+                 ((unsigned int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[6])
+#define _cffi_to_c_i64                                                   \
+                 ((long long(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[7])
+#define _cffi_to_c_u64                                                   \
+                 ((unsigned long long(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[8])
+#define _cffi_to_c_char                                                  \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[9])
+#define _cffi_from_c_pointer                                             \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(char *, struct _cffi_ctypedescr *))_cffi_exports[10])
+#define _cffi_to_c_pointer                                               \
+    ((char *(*)(PyObject *, struct _cffi_ctypedescr *))_cffi_exports[11])
+#define _cffi_get_struct_layout                                          \
+    not used any more
+#define _cffi_restore_errno                                              \
+    ((void(*)(void))_cffi_exports[13])
+#define _cffi_save_errno                                                 \
+    ((void(*)(void))_cffi_exports[14])
+#define _cffi_from_c_char                                                \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(char))_cffi_exports[15])
+#define _cffi_from_c_deref                                               \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(char *, struct _cffi_ctypedescr *))_cffi_exports[16])
+#define _cffi_to_c                                                       \
+    ((int(*)(char *, struct _cffi_ctypedescr *, PyObject *))_cffi_exports[17])
+#define _cffi_from_c_struct                                              \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(char *, struct _cffi_ctypedescr *))_cffi_exports[18])
+#define _cffi_to_c_wchar_t                                               \
+    ((_cffi_wchar_t(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[19])
+#define _cffi_from_c_wchar_t                                             \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(_cffi_wchar_t))_cffi_exports[20])
+#define _cffi_to_c_long_double                                           \
+    ((long double(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[21])
+#define _cffi_to_c__Bool                                                 \
+    ((_Bool(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[22])
+#define _cffi_prepare_pointer_call_argument                              \
+    ((Py_ssize_t(*)(struct _cffi_ctypedescr *,                           \
+                    PyObject *, char **))_cffi_exports[23])
+#define _cffi_convert_array_from_object                                  \
+    ((int(*)(char *, struct _cffi_ctypedescr *, PyObject *))_cffi_exports[24])
+#define _CFFI_CPIDX  25
+#define _cffi_call_python                                                \
+    ((void(*)(struct _cffi_externpy_s *, char *))_cffi_exports[_CFFI_CPIDX])
+#define _cffi_to_c_wchar3216_t                                           \
+    ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[26])
+#define _cffi_from_c_wchar3216_t                                         \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(int))_cffi_exports[27])
+#define _CFFI_NUM_EXPORTS 28
+
+struct _cffi_ctypedescr;
+
+static void *_cffi_exports[_CFFI_NUM_EXPORTS];
+
+#define _cffi_type(index)   (                           \
+    assert((((uintptr_t)_cffi_types[index]) & 1) == 0), \
+    (struct _cffi_ctypedescr *)_cffi_types[index])
+
+static PyObject *_cffi_init(const char *module_name, Py_ssize_t version,
+                            const struct _cffi_type_context_s *ctx)
+{
+    PyObject *module, *o_arg, *new_module;
+    void *raw[] = {
+        (void *)module_name,
+        (void *)version,
+        (void *)_cffi_exports,
+        (void *)ctx,
+    };
+
+    module = PyImport_ImportModule("_cffi_backend");
+    if (module == NULL)
+        goto failure;
+
+    o_arg = PyLong_FromVoidPtr((void *)raw);
+    if (o_arg == NULL)
+        goto failure;
+
+    new_module = PyObject_CallMethod(
+        module, (char *)"_init_cffi_1_0_external_module", (char *)"O", o_arg);
+
+    Py_DECREF(o_arg);
+    Py_DECREF(module);
+    return new_module;
+
+  failure:
+    Py_XDECREF(module);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef HAVE_WCHAR_H
+typedef wchar_t _cffi_wchar_t;
+#else
+typedef uint16_t _cffi_wchar_t;   /* same random pick as _cffi_backend.c */
+#endif
+
+_CFFI_UNUSED_FN static uint16_t _cffi_to_c_char16_t(PyObject *o)
+{
+    if (sizeof(_cffi_wchar_t) == 2)
+        return (uint16_t)_cffi_to_c_wchar_t(o);
+    else
+        return (uint16_t)_cffi_to_c_wchar3216_t(o);
+}
+
+_CFFI_UNUSED_FN static PyObject *_cffi_from_c_char16_t(uint16_t x)
+{
+    if (sizeof(_cffi_wchar_t) == 2)
+        return _cffi_from_c_wchar_t((_cffi_wchar_t)x);
+    else
+        return _cffi_from_c_wchar3216_t((int)x);
+}
+
+_CFFI_UNUSED_FN static int _cffi_to_c_char32_t(PyObject *o)
+{
+    if (sizeof(_cffi_wchar_t) == 4)
+        return (int)_cffi_to_c_wchar_t(o);
+    else
+        return (int)_cffi_to_c_wchar3216_t(o);
+}
+
+_CFFI_UNUSED_FN static PyObject *_cffi_from_c_char32_t(unsigned int x)
+{
+    if (sizeof(_cffi_wchar_t) == 4)
+        return _cffi_from_c_wchar_t((_cffi_wchar_t)x);
+    else
+        return _cffi_from_c_wchar3216_t((int)x);
+}
+
+union _cffi_union_alignment_u {
+    unsigned char m_char;
+    unsigned short m_short;
+    unsigned int m_int;
+    unsigned long m_long;
+    unsigned long long m_longlong;
+    float m_float;
+    double m_double;
+    long double m_longdouble;
+};
+
+struct _cffi_freeme_s {
+    struct _cffi_freeme_s *next;
+    union _cffi_union_alignment_u alignment;
+};
+
+_CFFI_UNUSED_FN static int
+_cffi_convert_array_argument(struct _cffi_ctypedescr *ctptr, PyObject *arg,
+                             char **output_data, Py_ssize_t datasize,
+                             struct _cffi_freeme_s **freeme)
+{
+    char *p;
+    if (datasize < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    p = *output_data;
+    if (p == NULL) {
+        struct _cffi_freeme_s *fp = (struct _cffi_freeme_s *)PyObject_Malloc(
+            offsetof(struct _cffi_freeme_s, alignment) + (size_t)datasize);
+        if (fp == NULL)
+            return -1;
+        fp->next = *freeme;
+        *freeme = fp;
+        p = *output_data = (char *)&fp->alignment;
+    }
+    memset((void *)p, 0, (size_t)datasize);
+    return _cffi_convert_array_from_object(p, ctptr, arg);
+}
+
+_CFFI_UNUSED_FN static void
+_cffi_free_array_arguments(struct _cffi_freeme_s *freeme)
+{
+    do {
+        void *p = (void *)freeme;
+        freeme = freeme->next;
+        PyObject_Free(p);
+    } while (freeme != NULL);
+}
+
+/**********  end CPython-specific section  **********/
+#else
+_CFFI_UNUSED_FN
+static void (*_cffi_call_python_org)(struct _cffi_externpy_s *, char *);
+# define _cffi_call_python  _cffi_call_python_org
+#endif
+
+
+#define _cffi_array_len(array)   (sizeof(array) / sizeof((array)[0]))
+
+#define _cffi_prim_int(size, sign)                                      \
+    ((size) == 1 ? ((sign) ? _CFFI_PRIM_INT8  : _CFFI_PRIM_UINT8)  :    \
+     (size) == 2 ? ((sign) ? _CFFI_PRIM_INT16 : _CFFI_PRIM_UINT16) :    \
+     (size) == 4 ? ((sign) ? _CFFI_PRIM_INT32 : _CFFI_PRIM_UINT32) :    \
+     (size) == 8 ? ((sign) ? _CFFI_PRIM_INT64 : _CFFI_PRIM_UINT64) :    \
+     _CFFI__UNKNOWN_PRIM)
+
+#define _cffi_prim_float(size)                                          \
+    ((size) == sizeof(float) ? _CFFI_PRIM_FLOAT :                       \
+     (size) == sizeof(double) ? _CFFI_PRIM_DOUBLE :                     \
+     (size) == sizeof(long double) ? _CFFI__UNKNOWN_LONG_DOUBLE :       \
+     _CFFI__UNKNOWN_FLOAT_PRIM)
+
+#define _cffi_check_int(got, got_nonpos, expected)      \
+    ((got_nonpos) == (expected <= 0) &&                 \
+     (got) == (unsigned long long)expected)
+
+#ifdef MS_WIN32
+# define _cffi_stdcall  __stdcall
+#else
+# define _cffi_stdcall  /* nothing */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/_embedding.h b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/_embedding.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e863d85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/_embedding.h
@@ -0,0 +1,527 @@
+
+/***** Support code for embedding *****/
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#  define CFFI_DLLEXPORT  __declspec(dllexport)
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#  define CFFI_DLLEXPORT  __attribute__((visibility("default")))
+#else
+#  define CFFI_DLLEXPORT  /* nothing */
+#endif
+
+
+/* There are two global variables of type _cffi_call_python_fnptr:
+
+   * _cffi_call_python, which we declare just below, is the one called
+     by ``extern "Python"`` implementations.
+
+   * _cffi_call_python_org, which on CPython is actually part of the
+     _cffi_exports[] array, is the function pointer copied from
+     _cffi_backend.
+
+   After initialization is complete, both are equal.  However, the
+   first one remains equal to &_cffi_start_and_call_python until the
+   very end of initialization, when we are (or should be) sure that
+   concurrent threads also see a completely initialized world, and
+   only then is it changed.
+*/
+#undef _cffi_call_python
+typedef void (*_cffi_call_python_fnptr)(struct _cffi_externpy_s *, char *);
+static void _cffi_start_and_call_python(struct _cffi_externpy_s *, char *);
+static _cffi_call_python_fnptr _cffi_call_python = &_cffi_start_and_call_python;
+
+
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+   /* --- Assuming a GCC not infinitely old --- */
+# define cffi_compare_and_swap(l,o,n)  __sync_bool_compare_and_swap(l,o,n)
+# define cffi_write_barrier()          __sync_synchronize()
+# if !defined(__amd64__) && !defined(__x86_64__) &&   \
+     !defined(__i386__) && !defined(__i386)
+#   define cffi_read_barrier()         __sync_synchronize()
+# else
+#   define cffi_read_barrier()         (void)0
+# endif
+#else
+   /* --- Windows threads version --- */
+# include <Windows.h>
+# define cffi_compare_and_swap(l,o,n) \
+                               (InterlockedCompareExchangePointer(l,n,o) == (o))
+# define cffi_write_barrier()       InterlockedCompareExchange(&_cffi_dummy,0,0)
+# define cffi_read_barrier()           (void)0
+static volatile LONG _cffi_dummy;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WITH_THREAD
+# ifndef _MSC_VER
+#  include <pthread.h>
+   static pthread_mutex_t _cffi_embed_startup_lock;
+# else
+   static CRITICAL_SECTION _cffi_embed_startup_lock;
+# endif
+  static char _cffi_embed_startup_lock_ready = 0;
+#endif
+
+static void _cffi_acquire_reentrant_mutex(void)
+{
+    static void *volatile lock = NULL;
+
+    while (!cffi_compare_and_swap(&lock, NULL, (void *)1)) {
+        /* should ideally do a spin loop instruction here, but
+           hard to do it portably and doesn't really matter I
+           think: pthread_mutex_init() should be very fast, and
+           this is only run at start-up anyway. */
+    }
+
+#ifdef WITH_THREAD
+    if (!_cffi_embed_startup_lock_ready) {
+# ifndef _MSC_VER
+        pthread_mutexattr_t attr;
+        pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr);
+        pthread_mutexattr_settype(&attr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE);
+        pthread_mutex_init(&_cffi_embed_startup_lock, &attr);
+# else
+        InitializeCriticalSection(&_cffi_embed_startup_lock);
+# endif
+        _cffi_embed_startup_lock_ready = 1;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    while (!cffi_compare_and_swap(&lock, (void *)1, NULL))
+        ;
+
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&_cffi_embed_startup_lock);
+#else
+    EnterCriticalSection(&_cffi_embed_startup_lock);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void _cffi_release_reentrant_mutex(void)
+{
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&_cffi_embed_startup_lock);
+#else
+    LeaveCriticalSection(&_cffi_embed_startup_lock);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+/**********  CPython-specific section  **********/
+#ifndef PYPY_VERSION
+
+#include "_cffi_errors.h"
+
+
+#define _cffi_call_python_org  _cffi_exports[_CFFI_CPIDX]
+
+PyMODINIT_FUNC _CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_FUNC(void);   /* forward */
+
+static void _cffi_py_initialize(void)
+{
+    /* XXX use initsigs=0, which "skips initialization registration of
+       signal handlers, which might be useful when Python is
+       embedded" according to the Python docs.  But review and think
+       if it should be a user-controllable setting.
+
+       XXX we should also give a way to write errors to a buffer
+       instead of to stderr.
+
+       XXX if importing 'site' fails, CPython (any version) calls
+       exit().  Should we try to work around this behavior here?
+    */
+    Py_InitializeEx(0);
+}
+
+static int _cffi_initialize_python(void)
+{
+    /* This initializes Python, imports _cffi_backend, and then the
+       present .dll/.so is set up as a CPython C extension module.
+    */
+    int result;
+    PyGILState_STATE state;
+    PyObject *pycode=NULL, *global_dict=NULL, *x;
+    PyObject *builtins;
+
+    state = PyGILState_Ensure();
+
+    /* Call the initxxx() function from the present module.  It will
+       create and initialize us as a CPython extension module, instead
+       of letting the startup Python code do it---it might reimport
+       the same .dll/.so and get maybe confused on some platforms.
+       It might also have troubles locating the .dll/.so again for all
+       I know.
+    */
+    (void)_CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_FUNC();
+    if (PyErr_Occurred())
+        goto error;
+
+    /* Now run the Python code provided to ffi.embedding_init_code().
+     */
+    pycode = Py_CompileString(_CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_CODE,
+                              "<init code for '" _CFFI_MODULE_NAME "'>",
+                              Py_file_input);
+    if (pycode == NULL)
+        goto error;
+    global_dict = PyDict_New();
+    if (global_dict == NULL)
+        goto error;
+    builtins = PyEval_GetBuiltins();
+    if (builtins == NULL)
+        goto error;
+    if (PyDict_SetItemString(global_dict, "__builtins__", builtins) < 0)
+        goto error;
+    x = PyEval_EvalCode(
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+                        (PyCodeObject *)
+#endif
+                        pycode, global_dict, global_dict);
+    if (x == NULL)
+        goto error;
+    Py_DECREF(x);
+
+    /* Done!  Now if we've been called from
+       _cffi_start_and_call_python() in an ``extern "Python"``, we can
+       only hope that the Python code did correctly set up the
+       corresponding @ffi.def_extern() function.  Otherwise, the
+       general logic of ``extern "Python"`` functions (inside the
+       _cffi_backend module) will find that the reference is still
+       missing and print an error.
+     */
+    result = 0;
+ done:
+    Py_XDECREF(pycode);
+    Py_XDECREF(global_dict);
+    PyGILState_Release(state);
+    return result;
+
+ error:;
+    {
+        /* Print as much information as potentially useful.
+           Debugging load-time failures with embedding is not fun
+        */
+        PyObject *ecap;
+        PyObject *exception, *v, *tb, *f, *modules, *mod;
+        PyErr_Fetch(&exception, &v, &tb);
+        ecap = _cffi_start_error_capture();
+        f = PySys_GetObject((char *)"stderr");
+        if (f != NULL && f != Py_None) {
+            PyFile_WriteString(
+                "Failed to initialize the Python-CFFI embedding logic:\n\n", f);
+        }
+
+        if (exception != NULL) {
+            PyErr_NormalizeException(&exception, &v, &tb);
+            PyErr_Display(exception, v, tb);
+        }
+        Py_XDECREF(exception);
+        Py_XDECREF(v);
+        Py_XDECREF(tb);
+
+        if (f != NULL && f != Py_None) {
+            PyFile_WriteString("\nFrom: " _CFFI_MODULE_NAME
+                               "\ncompiled with cffi version: 1.15.0"
+                               "\n_cffi_backend module: ", f);
+            modules = PyImport_GetModuleDict();
+            mod = PyDict_GetItemString(modules, "_cffi_backend");
+            if (mod == NULL) {
+                PyFile_WriteString("not loaded", f);
+            }
+            else {
+                v = PyObject_GetAttrString(mod, "__file__");
+                PyFile_WriteObject(v, f, 0);
+                Py_XDECREF(v);
+            }
+            PyFile_WriteString("\nsys.path: ", f);
+            PyFile_WriteObject(PySys_GetObject((char *)"path"), f, 0);
+            PyFile_WriteString("\n\n", f);
+        }
+        _cffi_stop_error_capture(ecap);
+    }
+    result = -1;
+    goto done;
+}
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03080000
+PyAPI_DATA(char *) _PyParser_TokenNames[];  /* from CPython */
+#endif
+
+static int _cffi_carefully_make_gil(void)
+{
+    /* This does the basic initialization of Python.  It can be called
+       completely concurrently from unrelated threads.  It assumes
+       that we don't hold the GIL before (if it exists), and we don't
+       hold it afterwards.
+
+       (What it really does used to be completely different in Python 2
+       and Python 3, with the Python 2 solution avoiding the spin-lock
+       around the Py_InitializeEx() call.  However, after recent changes
+       to CPython 2.7 (issue #358) it no longer works.  So we use the
+       Python 3 solution everywhere.)
+
+       This initializes Python by calling Py_InitializeEx().
+       Important: this must not be called concurrently at all.
+       So we use a global variable as a simple spin lock.  This global
+       variable must be from 'libpythonX.Y.so', not from this
+       cffi-based extension module, because it must be shared from
+       different cffi-based extension modules.
+
+       In Python < 3.8, we choose
+       _PyParser_TokenNames[0] as a completely arbitrary pointer value
+       that is never written to.  The default is to point to the
+       string "ENDMARKER".  We change it temporarily to point to the
+       next character in that string.  (Yes, I know it's REALLY
+       obscure.)
+
+       In Python >= 3.8, this string array is no longer writable, so
+       instead we pick PyCapsuleType.tp_version_tag.  We can't change
+       Python < 3.8 because someone might use a mixture of cffi
+       embedded modules, some of which were compiled before this file
+       changed.
+    */
+
+#ifdef WITH_THREAD
+# if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03080000
+    char *volatile *lock = (char *volatile *)_PyParser_TokenNames;
+    char *old_value, *locked_value;
+
+    while (1) {    /* spin loop */
+        old_value = *lock;
+        locked_value = old_value + 1;
+        if (old_value[0] == 'E') {
+            assert(old_value[1] == 'N');
+            if (cffi_compare_and_swap(lock, old_value, locked_value))
+                break;
+        }
+        else {
+            assert(old_value[0] == 'N');
+            /* should ideally do a spin loop instruction here, but
+               hard to do it portably and doesn't really matter I
+               think: PyEval_InitThreads() should be very fast, and
+               this is only run at start-up anyway. */
+        }
+    }
+# else
+    int volatile *lock = (int volatile *)&PyCapsule_Type.tp_version_tag;
+    int old_value, locked_value;
+    assert(!(PyCapsule_Type.tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG));
+
+    while (1) {    /* spin loop */
+        old_value = *lock;
+        locked_value = -42;
+        if (old_value == 0) {
+            if (cffi_compare_and_swap(lock, old_value, locked_value))
+                break;
+        }
+        else {
+            assert(old_value == locked_value);
+            /* should ideally do a spin loop instruction here, but
+               hard to do it portably and doesn't really matter I
+               think: PyEval_InitThreads() should be very fast, and
+               this is only run at start-up anyway. */
+        }
+    }
+# endif
+#endif
+
+    /* call Py_InitializeEx() */
+    if (!Py_IsInitialized()) {
+        _cffi_py_initialize();
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03070000
+        PyEval_InitThreads();
+#endif
+        PyEval_SaveThread();  /* release the GIL */
+        /* the returned tstate must be the one that has been stored into the
+           autoTLSkey by _PyGILState_Init() called from Py_Initialize(). */
+    }
+    else {
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03070000
+        /* PyEval_InitThreads() is always a no-op from CPython 3.7 */
+        PyGILState_STATE state = PyGILState_Ensure();
+        PyEval_InitThreads();
+        PyGILState_Release(state);
+#endif
+    }
+
+#ifdef WITH_THREAD
+    /* release the lock */
+    while (!cffi_compare_and_swap(lock, locked_value, old_value))
+        ;
+#endif
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/**********  end CPython-specific section  **********/
+
+
+#else
+
+
+/**********  PyPy-specific section  **********/
+
+PyMODINIT_FUNC _CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_FUNC(const void *[]);   /* forward */
+
+static struct _cffi_pypy_init_s {
+    const char *name;
+    void *func;    /* function pointer */
+    const char *code;
+} _cffi_pypy_init = {
+    _CFFI_MODULE_NAME,
+    _CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_FUNC,
+    _CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_CODE,
+};
+
+extern int pypy_carefully_make_gil(const char *);
+extern int pypy_init_embedded_cffi_module(int, struct _cffi_pypy_init_s *);
+
+static int _cffi_carefully_make_gil(void)
+{
+    return pypy_carefully_make_gil(_CFFI_MODULE_NAME);
+}
+
+static int _cffi_initialize_python(void)
+{
+    return pypy_init_embedded_cffi_module(0xB011, &_cffi_pypy_init);
+}
+
+/**********  end PyPy-specific section  **********/
+
+
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__attribute__((noinline))
+#endif
+static _cffi_call_python_fnptr _cffi_start_python(void)
+{
+    /* Delicate logic to initialize Python.  This function can be
+       called multiple times concurrently, e.g. when the process calls
+       its first ``extern "Python"`` functions in multiple threads at
+       once.  It can also be called recursively, in which case we must
+       ignore it.  We also have to consider what occurs if several
+       different cffi-based extensions reach this code in parallel
+       threads---it is a different copy of the code, then, and we
+       can't have any shared global variable unless it comes from
+       'libpythonX.Y.so'.
+
+       Idea:
+
+       * _cffi_carefully_make_gil(): "carefully" call
+         PyEval_InitThreads() (possibly with Py_InitializeEx() first).
+
+       * then we use a (local) custom lock to make sure that a call to this
+         cffi-based extension will wait if another call to the *same*
+         extension is running the initialization in another thread.
+         It is reentrant, so that a recursive call will not block, but
+         only one from a different thread.
+
+       * then we grab the GIL and (Python 2) we call Py_InitializeEx().
+         At this point, concurrent calls to Py_InitializeEx() are not
+         possible: we have the GIL.
+
+       * do the rest of the specific initialization, which may
+         temporarily release the GIL but not the custom lock.
+         Only release the custom lock when we are done.
+    */
+    static char called = 0;
+
+    if (_cffi_carefully_make_gil() != 0)
+        return NULL;
+
+    _cffi_acquire_reentrant_mutex();
+
+    /* Here the GIL exists, but we don't have it.  We're only protected
+       from concurrency by the reentrant mutex. */
+
+    /* This file only initializes the embedded module once, the first
+       time this is called, even if there are subinterpreters. */
+    if (!called) {
+        called = 1;  /* invoke _cffi_initialize_python() only once,
+                        but don't set '_cffi_call_python' right now,
+                        otherwise concurrent threads won't call
+                        this function at all (we need them to wait) */
+        if (_cffi_initialize_python() == 0) {
+            /* now initialization is finished.  Switch to the fast-path. */
+
+            /* We would like nobody to see the new value of
+               '_cffi_call_python' without also seeing the rest of the
+               data initialized.  However, this is not possible.  But
+               the new value of '_cffi_call_python' is the function
+               'cffi_call_python()' from _cffi_backend.  So:  */
+            cffi_write_barrier();
+            /* ^^^ we put a write barrier here, and a corresponding
+               read barrier at the start of cffi_call_python().  This
+               ensures that after that read barrier, we see everything
+               done here before the write barrier.
+            */
+
+            assert(_cffi_call_python_org != NULL);
+            _cffi_call_python = (_cffi_call_python_fnptr)_cffi_call_python_org;
+        }
+        else {
+            /* initialization failed.  Reset this to NULL, even if it was
+               already set to some other value.  Future calls to
+               _cffi_start_python() are still forced to occur, and will
+               always return NULL from now on. */
+            _cffi_call_python_org = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    _cffi_release_reentrant_mutex();
+
+    return (_cffi_call_python_fnptr)_cffi_call_python_org;
+}
+
+static
+void _cffi_start_and_call_python(struct _cffi_externpy_s *externpy, char *args)
+{
+    _cffi_call_python_fnptr fnptr;
+    int current_err = errno;
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+    int current_lasterr = GetLastError();
+#endif
+    fnptr = _cffi_start_python();
+    if (fnptr == NULL) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "function %s() called, but initialization code "
+                        "failed.  Returning 0.\n", externpy->name);
+        memset(args, 0, externpy->size_of_result);
+    }
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+    SetLastError(current_lasterr);
+#endif
+    errno = current_err;
+
+    if (fnptr != NULL)
+        fnptr(externpy, args);
+}
+
+
+/* The cffi_start_python() function makes sure Python is initialized
+   and our cffi module is set up.  It can be called manually from the
+   user C code.  The same effect is obtained automatically from any
+   dll-exported ``extern "Python"`` function.  This function returns
+   -1 if initialization failed, 0 if all is OK.  */
+_CFFI_UNUSED_FN
+static int cffi_start_python(void)
+{
+    if (_cffi_call_python == &_cffi_start_and_call_python) {
+        if (_cffi_start_python() == NULL)
+            return -1;
+    }
+    cffi_read_barrier();
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#undef cffi_compare_and_swap
+#undef cffi_write_barrier
+#undef cffi_read_barrier
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..999a8ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,965 @@
+import sys, types
+from .lock import allocate_lock
+from .error import CDefError
+from . import model
+
+try:
+    callable
+except NameError:
+    # Python 3.1
+    from collections import Callable
+    callable = lambda x: isinstance(x, Callable)
+
+try:
+    basestring
+except NameError:
+    # Python 3.x
+    basestring = str
+
+_unspecified = object()
+
+
+
+class FFI(object):
+    r'''
+    The main top-level class that you instantiate once, or once per module.
+
+    Example usage:
+
+        ffi = FFI()
+        ffi.cdef("""
+            int printf(const char *, ...);
+        """)
+
+        C = ffi.dlopen(None)   # standard library
+        -or-
+        C = ffi.verify()  # use a C compiler: verify the decl above is right
+
+        C.printf("hello, %s!\n", ffi.new("char[]", "world"))
+    '''
+
+    def __init__(self, backend=None):
+        """Create an FFI instance.  The 'backend' argument is used to
+        select a non-default backend, mostly for tests.
+        """
+        if backend is None:
+            # You need PyPy (>= 2.0 beta), or a CPython (>= 2.6) with
+            # _cffi_backend.so compiled.
+            import _cffi_backend as backend
+            from . import __version__
+            if backend.__version__ != __version__:
+                # bad version!  Try to be as explicit as possible.
+                if hasattr(backend, '__file__'):
+                    # CPython
+                    raise Exception("Version mismatch: this is the 'cffi' package version %s, located in %r.  When we import the top-level '_cffi_backend' extension module, we get version %s, located in %r.  The two versions should be equal; check your installation." % (
+                        __version__, __file__,
+                        backend.__version__, backend.__file__))
+                else:
+                    # PyPy
+                    raise Exception("Version mismatch: this is the 'cffi' package version %s, located in %r.  This interpreter comes with a built-in '_cffi_backend' module, which is version %s.  The two versions should be equal; check your installation." % (
+                        __version__, __file__, backend.__version__))
+            # (If you insist you can also try to pass the option
+            # 'backend=backend_ctypes.CTypesBackend()', but don't
+            # rely on it!  It's probably not going to work well.)
+
+        from . import cparser
+        self._backend = backend
+        self._lock = allocate_lock()
+        self._parser = cparser.Parser()
+        self._cached_btypes = {}
+        self._parsed_types = types.ModuleType('parsed_types').__dict__
+        self._new_types = types.ModuleType('new_types').__dict__
+        self._function_caches = []
+        self._libraries = []
+        self._cdefsources = []
+        self._included_ffis = []
+        self._windows_unicode = None
+        self._init_once_cache = {}
+        self._cdef_version = None
+        self._embedding = None
+        self._typecache = model.get_typecache(backend)
+        if hasattr(backend, 'set_ffi'):
+            backend.set_ffi(self)
+        for name in list(backend.__dict__):
+            if name.startswith('RTLD_'):
+                setattr(self, name, getattr(backend, name))
+        #
+        with self._lock:
+            self.BVoidP = self._get_cached_btype(model.voidp_type)
+            self.BCharA = self._get_cached_btype(model.char_array_type)
+        if isinstance(backend, types.ModuleType):
+            # _cffi_backend: attach these constants to the class
+            if not hasattr(FFI, 'NULL'):
+                FFI.NULL = self.cast(self.BVoidP, 0)
+                FFI.CData, FFI.CType = backend._get_types()
+        else:
+            # ctypes backend: attach these constants to the instance
+            self.NULL = self.cast(self.BVoidP, 0)
+            self.CData, self.CType = backend._get_types()
+        self.buffer = backend.buffer
+
+    def cdef(self, csource, override=False, packed=False, pack=None):
+        """Parse the given C source.  This registers all declared functions,
+        types, and global variables.  The functions and global variables can
+        then be accessed via either 'ffi.dlopen()' or 'ffi.verify()'.
+        The types can be used in 'ffi.new()' and other functions.
+        If 'packed' is specified as True, all structs declared inside this
+        cdef are packed, i.e. laid out without any field alignment at all.
+        Alternatively, 'pack' can be a small integer, and requests for
+        alignment greater than that are ignored (pack=1 is equivalent to
+        packed=True).
+        """
+        self._cdef(csource, override=override, packed=packed, pack=pack)
+
+    def embedding_api(self, csource, packed=False, pack=None):
+        self._cdef(csource, packed=packed, pack=pack, dllexport=True)
+        if self._embedding is None:
+            self._embedding = ''
+
+    def _cdef(self, csource, override=False, **options):
+        if not isinstance(csource, str):    # unicode, on Python 2
+            if not isinstance(csource, basestring):
+                raise TypeError("cdef() argument must be a string")
+            csource = csource.encode('ascii')
+        with self._lock:
+            self._cdef_version = object()
+            self._parser.parse(csource, override=override, **options)
+            self._cdefsources.append(csource)
+            if override:
+                for cache in self._function_caches:
+                    cache.clear()
+            finishlist = self._parser._recomplete
+            if finishlist:
+                self._parser._recomplete = []
+                for tp in finishlist:
+                    tp.finish_backend_type(self, finishlist)
+
+    def dlopen(self, name, flags=0):
+        """Load and return a dynamic library identified by 'name'.
+        The standard C library can be loaded by passing None.
+        Note that functions and types declared by 'ffi.cdef()' are not
+        linked to a particular library, just like C headers; in the
+        library we only look for the actual (untyped) symbols.
+        """
+        if not (isinstance(name, basestring) or
+                name is None or
+                isinstance(name, self.CData)):
+            raise TypeError("dlopen(name): name must be a file name, None, "
+                            "or an already-opened 'void *' handle")
+        with self._lock:
+            lib, function_cache = _make_ffi_library(self, name, flags)
+            self._function_caches.append(function_cache)
+            self._libraries.append(lib)
+        return lib
+
+    def dlclose(self, lib):
+        """Close a library obtained with ffi.dlopen().  After this call,
+        access to functions or variables from the library will fail
+        (possibly with a segmentation fault).
+        """
+        type(lib).__cffi_close__(lib)
+
+    def _typeof_locked(self, cdecl):
+        # call me with the lock!
+        key = cdecl
+        if key in self._parsed_types:
+            return self._parsed_types[key]
+        #
+        if not isinstance(cdecl, str):    # unicode, on Python 2
+            cdecl = cdecl.encode('ascii')
+        #
+        type = self._parser.parse_type(cdecl)
+        really_a_function_type = type.is_raw_function
+        if really_a_function_type:
+            type = type.as_function_pointer()
+        btype = self._get_cached_btype(type)
+        result = btype, really_a_function_type
+        self._parsed_types[key] = result
+        return result
+
+    def _typeof(self, cdecl, consider_function_as_funcptr=False):
+        # string -> ctype object
+        try:
+            result = self._parsed_types[cdecl]
+        except KeyError:
+            with self._lock:
+                result = self._typeof_locked(cdecl)
+        #
+        btype, really_a_function_type = result
+        if really_a_function_type and not consider_function_as_funcptr:
+            raise CDefError("the type %r is a function type, not a "
+                            "pointer-to-function type" % (cdecl,))
+        return btype
+
+    def typeof(self, cdecl):
+        """Parse the C type given as a string and return the
+        corresponding <ctype> object.
+        It can also be used on 'cdata' instance to get its C type.
+        """
+        if isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+            return self._typeof(cdecl)
+        if isinstance(cdecl, self.CData):
+            return self._backend.typeof(cdecl)
+        if isinstance(cdecl, types.BuiltinFunctionType):
+            res = _builtin_function_type(cdecl)
+            if res is not None:
+                return res
+        if (isinstance(cdecl, types.FunctionType)
+                and hasattr(cdecl, '_cffi_base_type')):
+            with self._lock:
+                return self._get_cached_btype(cdecl._cffi_base_type)
+        raise TypeError(type(cdecl))
+
+    def sizeof(self, cdecl):
+        """Return the size in bytes of the argument.  It can be a
+        string naming a C type, or a 'cdata' instance.
+        """
+        if isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+            BType = self._typeof(cdecl)
+            return self._backend.sizeof(BType)
+        else:
+            return self._backend.sizeof(cdecl)
+
+    def alignof(self, cdecl):
+        """Return the natural alignment size in bytes of the C type
+        given as a string.
+        """
+        if isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+            cdecl = self._typeof(cdecl)
+        return self._backend.alignof(cdecl)
+
+    def offsetof(self, cdecl, *fields_or_indexes):
+        """Return the offset of the named field inside the given
+        structure or array, which must be given as a C type name.
+        You can give several field names in case of nested structures.
+        You can also give numeric values which correspond to array
+        items, in case of an array type.
+        """
+        if isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+            cdecl = self._typeof(cdecl)
+        return self._typeoffsetof(cdecl, *fields_or_indexes)[1]
+
+    def new(self, cdecl, init=None):
+        """Allocate an instance according to the specified C type and
+        return a pointer to it.  The specified C type must be either a
+        pointer or an array: ``new('X *')`` allocates an X and returns
+        a pointer to it, whereas ``new('X[n]')`` allocates an array of
+        n X'es and returns an array referencing it (which works
+        mostly like a pointer, like in C).  You can also use
+        ``new('X[]', n)`` to allocate an array of a non-constant
+        length n.
+
+        The memory is initialized following the rules of declaring a
+        global variable in C: by default it is zero-initialized, but
+        an explicit initializer can be given which can be used to
+        fill all or part of the memory.
+
+        When the returned <cdata> object goes out of scope, the memory
+        is freed.  In other words the returned <cdata> object has
+        ownership of the value of type 'cdecl' that it points to.  This
+        means that the raw data can be used as long as this object is
+        kept alive, but must not be used for a longer time.  Be careful
+        about that when copying the pointer to the memory somewhere
+        else, e.g. into another structure.
+        """
+        if isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+            cdecl = self._typeof(cdecl)
+        return self._backend.newp(cdecl, init)
+
+    def new_allocator(self, alloc=None, free=None,
+                      should_clear_after_alloc=True):
+        """Return a new allocator, i.e. a function that behaves like ffi.new()
+        but uses the provided low-level 'alloc' and 'free' functions.
+
+        'alloc' is called with the size as argument.  If it returns NULL, a
+        MemoryError is raised.  'free' is called with the result of 'alloc'
+        as argument.  Both can be either Python function or directly C
+        functions.  If 'free' is None, then no free function is called.
+        If both 'alloc' and 'free' are None, the default is used.
+
+        If 'should_clear_after_alloc' is set to False, then the memory
+        returned by 'alloc' is assumed to be already cleared (or you are
+        fine with garbage); otherwise CFFI will clear it.
+        """
+        compiled_ffi = self._backend.FFI()
+        allocator = compiled_ffi.new_allocator(alloc, free,
+                                               should_clear_after_alloc)
+        def allocate(cdecl, init=None):
+            if isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+                cdecl = self._typeof(cdecl)
+            return allocator(cdecl, init)
+        return allocate
+
+    def cast(self, cdecl, source):
+        """Similar to a C cast: returns an instance of the named C
+        type initialized with the given 'source'.  The source is
+        casted between integers or pointers of any type.
+        """
+        if isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+            cdecl = self._typeof(cdecl)
+        return self._backend.cast(cdecl, source)
+
+    def string(self, cdata, maxlen=-1):
+        """Return a Python string (or unicode string) from the 'cdata'.
+        If 'cdata' is a pointer or array of characters or bytes, returns
+        the null-terminated string.  The returned string extends until
+        the first null character, or at most 'maxlen' characters.  If
+        'cdata' is an array then 'maxlen' defaults to its length.
+
+        If 'cdata' is a pointer or array of wchar_t, returns a unicode
+        string following the same rules.
+
+        If 'cdata' is a single character or byte or a wchar_t, returns
+        it as a string or unicode string.
+
+        If 'cdata' is an enum, returns the value of the enumerator as a
+        string, or 'NUMBER' if the value is out of range.
+        """
+        return self._backend.string(cdata, maxlen)
+
+    def unpack(self, cdata, length):
+        """Unpack an array of C data of the given length,
+        returning a Python string/unicode/list.
+
+        If 'cdata' is a pointer to 'char', returns a byte string.
+        It does not stop at the first null.  This is equivalent to:
+        ffi.buffer(cdata, length)[:]
+
+        If 'cdata' is a pointer to 'wchar_t', returns a unicode string.
+        'length' is measured in wchar_t's; it is not the size in bytes.
+
+        If 'cdata' is a pointer to anything else, returns a list of
+        'length' items.  This is a faster equivalent to:
+        [cdata[i] for i in range(length)]
+        """
+        return self._backend.unpack(cdata, length)
+
+   #def buffer(self, cdata, size=-1):
+   #    """Return a read-write buffer object that references the raw C data
+   #    pointed to by the given 'cdata'.  The 'cdata' must be a pointer or
+   #    an array.  Can be passed to functions expecting a buffer, or directly
+   #    manipulated with:
+   #
+   #        buf[:]          get a copy of it in a regular string, or
+   #        buf[idx]        as a single character
+   #        buf[:] = ...
+   #        buf[idx] = ...  change the content
+   #    """
+   #    note that 'buffer' is a type, set on this instance by __init__
+
+    def from_buffer(self, cdecl, python_buffer=_unspecified,
+                    require_writable=False):
+        """Return a cdata of the given type pointing to the data of the
+        given Python object, which must support the buffer interface.
+        Note that this is not meant to be used on the built-in types
+        str or unicode (you can build 'char[]' arrays explicitly)
+        but only on objects containing large quantities of raw data
+        in some other format, like 'array.array' or numpy arrays.
+
+        The first argument is optional and default to 'char[]'.
+        """
+        if python_buffer is _unspecified:
+            cdecl, python_buffer = self.BCharA, cdecl
+        elif isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+            cdecl = self._typeof(cdecl)
+        return self._backend.from_buffer(cdecl, python_buffer,
+                                         require_writable)
+
+    def memmove(self, dest, src, n):
+        """ffi.memmove(dest, src, n) copies n bytes of memory from src to dest.
+
+        Like the C function memmove(), the memory areas may overlap;
+        apart from that it behaves like the C function memcpy().
+
+        'src' can be any cdata ptr or array, or any Python buffer object.
+        'dest' can be any cdata ptr or array, or a writable Python buffer
+        object.  The size to copy, 'n', is always measured in bytes.
+
+        Unlike other methods, this one supports all Python buffer including
+        byte strings and bytearrays---but it still does not support
+        non-contiguous buffers.
+        """
+        return self._backend.memmove(dest, src, n)
+
+    def callback(self, cdecl, python_callable=None, error=None, onerror=None):
+        """Return a callback object or a decorator making such a
+        callback object.  'cdecl' must name a C function pointer type.
+        The callback invokes the specified 'python_callable' (which may
+        be provided either directly or via a decorator).  Important: the
+        callback object must be manually kept alive for as long as the
+        callback may be invoked from the C level.
+        """
+        def callback_decorator_wrap(python_callable):
+            if not callable(python_callable):
+                raise TypeError("the 'python_callable' argument "
+                                "is not callable")
+            return self._backend.callback(cdecl, python_callable,
+                                          error, onerror)
+        if isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+            cdecl = self._typeof(cdecl, consider_function_as_funcptr=True)
+        if python_callable is None:
+            return callback_decorator_wrap                # decorator mode
+        else:
+            return callback_decorator_wrap(python_callable)  # direct mode
+
+    def getctype(self, cdecl, replace_with=''):
+        """Return a string giving the C type 'cdecl', which may be itself
+        a string or a <ctype> object.  If 'replace_with' is given, it gives
+        extra text to append (or insert for more complicated C types), like
+        a variable name, or '*' to get actually the C type 'pointer-to-cdecl'.
+        """
+        if isinstance(cdecl, basestring):
+            cdecl = self._typeof(cdecl)
+        replace_with = replace_with.strip()
+        if (replace_with.startswith('*')
+                and '&[' in self._backend.getcname(cdecl, '&')):
+            replace_with = '(%s)' % replace_with
+        elif replace_with and not replace_with[0] in '[(':
+            replace_with = ' ' + replace_with
+        return self._backend.getcname(cdecl, replace_with)
+
+    def gc(self, cdata, destructor, size=0):
+        """Return a new cdata object that points to the same
+        data.  Later, when this new cdata object is garbage-collected,
+        'destructor(old_cdata_object)' will be called.
+
+        The optional 'size' gives an estimate of the size, used to
+        trigger the garbage collection more eagerly.  So far only used
+        on PyPy.  It tells the GC that the returned object keeps alive
+        roughly 'size' bytes of external memory.
+        """
+        return self._backend.gcp(cdata, destructor, size)
+
+    def _get_cached_btype(self, type):
+        assert self._lock.acquire(False) is False
+        # call me with the lock!
+        try:
+            BType = self._cached_btypes[type]
+        except KeyError:
+            finishlist = []
+            BType = type.get_cached_btype(self, finishlist)
+            for type in finishlist:
+                type.finish_backend_type(self, finishlist)
+        return BType
+
+    def verify(self, source='', tmpdir=None, **kwargs):
+        """Verify that the current ffi signatures compile on this
+        machine, and return a dynamic library object.  The dynamic
+        library can be used to call functions and access global
+        variables declared in this 'ffi'.  The library is compiled
+        by the C compiler: it gives you C-level API compatibility
+        (including calling macros).  This is unlike 'ffi.dlopen()',
+        which requires binary compatibility in the signatures.
+        """
+        from .verifier import Verifier, _caller_dir_pycache
+        #
+        # If set_unicode(True) was called, insert the UNICODE and
+        # _UNICODE macro declarations
+        if self._windows_unicode:
+            self._apply_windows_unicode(kwargs)
+        #
+        # Set the tmpdir here, and not in Verifier.__init__: it picks
+        # up the caller's directory, which we want to be the caller of
+        # ffi.verify(), as opposed to the caller of Veritier().
+        tmpdir = tmpdir or _caller_dir_pycache()
+        #
+        # Make a Verifier() and use it to load the library.
+        self.verifier = Verifier(self, source, tmpdir, **kwargs)
+        lib = self.verifier.load_library()
+        #
+        # Save the loaded library for keep-alive purposes, even
+        # if the caller doesn't keep it alive itself (it should).
+        self._libraries.append(lib)
+        return lib
+
+    def _get_errno(self):
+        return self._backend.get_errno()
+    def _set_errno(self, errno):
+        self._backend.set_errno(errno)
+    errno = property(_get_errno, _set_errno, None,
+                     "the value of 'errno' from/to the C calls")
+
+    def getwinerror(self, code=-1):
+        return self._backend.getwinerror(code)
+
+    def _pointer_to(self, ctype):
+        with self._lock:
+            return model.pointer_cache(self, ctype)
+
+    def addressof(self, cdata, *fields_or_indexes):
+        """Return the address of a <cdata 'struct-or-union'>.
+        If 'fields_or_indexes' are given, returns the address of that
+        field or array item in the structure or array, recursively in
+        case of nested structures.
+        """
+        try:
+            ctype = self._backend.typeof(cdata)
+        except TypeError:
+            if '__addressof__' in type(cdata).__dict__:
+                return type(cdata).__addressof__(cdata, *fields_or_indexes)
+            raise
+        if fields_or_indexes:
+            ctype, offset = self._typeoffsetof(ctype, *fields_or_indexes)
+        else:
+            if ctype.kind == "pointer":
+                raise TypeError("addressof(pointer)")
+            offset = 0
+        ctypeptr = self._pointer_to(ctype)
+        return self._backend.rawaddressof(ctypeptr, cdata, offset)
+
+    def _typeoffsetof(self, ctype, field_or_index, *fields_or_indexes):
+        ctype, offset = self._backend.typeoffsetof(ctype, field_or_index)
+        for field1 in fields_or_indexes:
+            ctype, offset1 = self._backend.typeoffsetof(ctype, field1, 1)
+            offset += offset1
+        return ctype, offset
+
+    def include(self, ffi_to_include):
+        """Includes the typedefs, structs, unions and enums defined
+        in another FFI instance.  Usage is similar to a #include in C,
+        where a part of the program might include types defined in
+        another part for its own usage.  Note that the include()
+        method has no effect on functions, constants and global
+        variables, which must anyway be accessed directly from the
+        lib object returned by the original FFI instance.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(ffi_to_include, FFI):
+            raise TypeError("ffi.include() expects an argument that is also of"
+                            " type cffi.FFI, not %r" % (
+                                type(ffi_to_include).__name__,))
+        if ffi_to_include is self:
+            raise ValueError("self.include(self)")
+        with ffi_to_include._lock:
+            with self._lock:
+                self._parser.include(ffi_to_include._parser)
+                self._cdefsources.append('[')
+                self._cdefsources.extend(ffi_to_include._cdefsources)
+                self._cdefsources.append(']')
+                self._included_ffis.append(ffi_to_include)
+
+    def new_handle(self, x):
+        return self._backend.newp_handle(self.BVoidP, x)
+
+    def from_handle(self, x):
+        return self._backend.from_handle(x)
+
+    def release(self, x):
+        self._backend.release(x)
+
+    def set_unicode(self, enabled_flag):
+        """Windows: if 'enabled_flag' is True, enable the UNICODE and
+        _UNICODE defines in C, and declare the types like TCHAR and LPTCSTR
+        to be (pointers to) wchar_t.  If 'enabled_flag' is False,
+        declare these types to be (pointers to) plain 8-bit characters.
+        This is mostly for backward compatibility; you usually want True.
+        """
+        if self._windows_unicode is not None:
+            raise ValueError("set_unicode() can only be called once")
+        enabled_flag = bool(enabled_flag)
+        if enabled_flag:
+            self.cdef("typedef wchar_t TBYTE;"
+                      "typedef wchar_t TCHAR;"
+                      "typedef const wchar_t *LPCTSTR;"
+                      "typedef const wchar_t *PCTSTR;"
+                      "typedef wchar_t *LPTSTR;"
+                      "typedef wchar_t *PTSTR;"
+                      "typedef TBYTE *PTBYTE;"
+                      "typedef TCHAR *PTCHAR;")
+        else:
+            self.cdef("typedef char TBYTE;"
+                      "typedef char TCHAR;"
+                      "typedef const char *LPCTSTR;"
+                      "typedef const char *PCTSTR;"
+                      "typedef char *LPTSTR;"
+                      "typedef char *PTSTR;"
+                      "typedef TBYTE *PTBYTE;"
+                      "typedef TCHAR *PTCHAR;")
+        self._windows_unicode = enabled_flag
+
+    def _apply_windows_unicode(self, kwds):
+        defmacros = kwds.get('define_macros', ())
+        if not isinstance(defmacros, (list, tuple)):
+            raise TypeError("'define_macros' must be a list or tuple")
+        defmacros = list(defmacros) + [('UNICODE', '1'),
+                                       ('_UNICODE', '1')]
+        kwds['define_macros'] = defmacros
+
+    def _apply_embedding_fix(self, kwds):
+        # must include an argument like "-lpython2.7" for the compiler
+        def ensure(key, value):
+            lst = kwds.setdefault(key, [])
+            if value not in lst:
+                lst.append(value)
+        #
+        if '__pypy__' in sys.builtin_module_names:
+            import os
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                # we need 'libpypy-c.lib'.  Current distributions of
+                # pypy (>= 4.1) contain it as 'libs/python27.lib'.
+                pythonlib = "python{0[0]}{0[1]}".format(sys.version_info)
+                if hasattr(sys, 'prefix'):
+                    ensure('library_dirs', os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'libs'))
+            else:
+                # we need 'libpypy-c.{so,dylib}', which should be by
+                # default located in 'sys.prefix/bin' for installed
+                # systems.
+                if sys.version_info < (3,):
+                    pythonlib = "pypy-c"
+                else:
+                    pythonlib = "pypy3-c"
+                if hasattr(sys, 'prefix'):
+                    ensure('library_dirs', os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'bin'))
+            # On uninstalled pypy's, the libpypy-c is typically found in
+            # .../pypy/goal/.
+            if hasattr(sys, 'prefix'):
+                ensure('library_dirs', os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'pypy', 'goal'))
+        else:
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                template = "python%d%d"
+                if hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount'):
+                    template += '_d'
+            else:
+                try:
+                    import sysconfig
+                except ImportError:    # 2.6
+                    from distutils import sysconfig
+                template = "python%d.%d"
+                if sysconfig.get_config_var('DEBUG_EXT'):
+                    template += sysconfig.get_config_var('DEBUG_EXT')
+            pythonlib = (template %
+                    (sys.hexversion >> 24, (sys.hexversion >> 16) & 0xff))
+            if hasattr(sys, 'abiflags'):
+                pythonlib += sys.abiflags
+        ensure('libraries', pythonlib)
+        if sys.platform == "win32":
+            ensure('extra_link_args', '/MANIFEST')
+
+    def set_source(self, module_name, source, source_extension='.c', **kwds):
+        import os
+        if hasattr(self, '_assigned_source'):
+            raise ValueError("set_source() cannot be called several times "
+                             "per ffi object")
+        if not isinstance(module_name, basestring):
+            raise TypeError("'module_name' must be a string")
+        if os.sep in module_name or (os.altsep and os.altsep in module_name):
+            raise ValueError("'module_name' must not contain '/': use a dotted "
+                             "name to make a 'package.module' location")
+        self._assigned_source = (str(module_name), source,
+                                 source_extension, kwds)
+
+    def set_source_pkgconfig(self, module_name, pkgconfig_libs, source,
+                             source_extension='.c', **kwds):
+        from . import pkgconfig
+        if not isinstance(pkgconfig_libs, list):
+            raise TypeError("the pkgconfig_libs argument must be a list "
+                            "of package names")
+        kwds2 = pkgconfig.flags_from_pkgconfig(pkgconfig_libs)
+        pkgconfig.merge_flags(kwds, kwds2)
+        self.set_source(module_name, source, source_extension, **kwds)
+
+    def distutils_extension(self, tmpdir='build', verbose=True):
+        from distutils.dir_util import mkpath
+        from .recompiler import recompile
+        #
+        if not hasattr(self, '_assigned_source'):
+            if hasattr(self, 'verifier'):     # fallback, 'tmpdir' ignored
+                return self.verifier.get_extension()
+            raise ValueError("set_source() must be called before"
+                             " distutils_extension()")
+        module_name, source, source_extension, kwds = self._assigned_source
+        if source is None:
+            raise TypeError("distutils_extension() is only for C extension "
+                            "modules, not for dlopen()-style pure Python "
+                            "modules")
+        mkpath(tmpdir)
+        ext, updated = recompile(self, module_name,
+                                 source, tmpdir=tmpdir, extradir=tmpdir,
+                                 source_extension=source_extension,
+                                 call_c_compiler=False, **kwds)
+        if verbose:
+            if updated:
+                sys.stderr.write("regenerated: %r\n" % (ext.sources[0],))
+            else:
+                sys.stderr.write("not modified: %r\n" % (ext.sources[0],))
+        return ext
+
+    def emit_c_code(self, filename):
+        from .recompiler import recompile
+        #
+        if not hasattr(self, '_assigned_source'):
+            raise ValueError("set_source() must be called before emit_c_code()")
+        module_name, source, source_extension, kwds = self._assigned_source
+        if source is None:
+            raise TypeError("emit_c_code() is only for C extension modules, "
+                            "not for dlopen()-style pure Python modules")
+        recompile(self, module_name, source,
+                  c_file=filename, call_c_compiler=False, **kwds)
+
+    def emit_python_code(self, filename):
+        from .recompiler import recompile
+        #
+        if not hasattr(self, '_assigned_source'):
+            raise ValueError("set_source() must be called before emit_c_code()")
+        module_name, source, source_extension, kwds = self._assigned_source
+        if source is not None:
+            raise TypeError("emit_python_code() is only for dlopen()-style "
+                            "pure Python modules, not for C extension modules")
+        recompile(self, module_name, source,
+                  c_file=filename, call_c_compiler=False, **kwds)
+
+    def compile(self, tmpdir='.', verbose=0, target=None, debug=None):
+        """The 'target' argument gives the final file name of the
+        compiled DLL.  Use '*' to force distutils' choice, suitable for
+        regular CPython C API modules.  Use a file name ending in '.*'
+        to ask for the system's default extension for dynamic libraries
+        (.so/.dll/.dylib).
+
+        The default is '*' when building a non-embedded C API extension,
+        and (module_name + '.*') when building an embedded library.
+        """
+        from .recompiler import recompile
+        #
+        if not hasattr(self, '_assigned_source'):
+            raise ValueError("set_source() must be called before compile()")
+        module_name, source, source_extension, kwds = self._assigned_source
+        return recompile(self, module_name, source, tmpdir=tmpdir,
+                         target=target, source_extension=source_extension,
+                         compiler_verbose=verbose, debug=debug, **kwds)
+
+    def init_once(self, func, tag):
+        # Read _init_once_cache[tag], which is either (False, lock) if
+        # we're calling the function now in some thread, or (True, result).
+        # Don't call setdefault() in most cases, to avoid allocating and
+        # immediately freeing a lock; but still use setdefaut() to avoid
+        # races.
+        try:
+            x = self._init_once_cache[tag]
+        except KeyError:
+            x = self._init_once_cache.setdefault(tag, (False, allocate_lock()))
+        # Common case: we got (True, result), so we return the result.
+        if x[0]:
+            return x[1]
+        # Else, it's a lock.  Acquire it to serialize the following tests.
+        with x[1]:
+            # Read again from _init_once_cache the current status.
+            x = self._init_once_cache[tag]
+            if x[0]:
+                return x[1]
+            # Call the function and store the result back.
+            result = func()
+            self._init_once_cache[tag] = (True, result)
+        return result
+
+    def embedding_init_code(self, pysource):
+        if self._embedding:
+            raise ValueError("embedding_init_code() can only be called once")
+        # fix 'pysource' before it gets dumped into the C file:
+        # - remove empty lines at the beginning, so it starts at "line 1"
+        # - dedent, if all non-empty lines are indented
+        # - check for SyntaxErrors
+        import re
+        match = re.match(r'\s*\n', pysource)
+        if match:
+            pysource = pysource[match.end():]
+        lines = pysource.splitlines() or ['']
+        prefix = re.match(r'\s*', lines[0]).group()
+        for i in range(1, len(lines)):
+            line = lines[i]
+            if line.rstrip():
+                while not line.startswith(prefix):
+                    prefix = prefix[:-1]
+        i = len(prefix)
+        lines = [line[i:]+'\n' for line in lines]
+        pysource = ''.join(lines)
+        #
+        compile(pysource, "cffi_init", "exec")
+        #
+        self._embedding = pysource
+
+    def def_extern(self, *args, **kwds):
+        raise ValueError("ffi.def_extern() is only available on API-mode FFI "
+                         "objects")
+
+    def list_types(self):
+        """Returns the user type names known to this FFI instance.
+        This returns a tuple containing three lists of names:
+        (typedef_names, names_of_structs, names_of_unions)
+        """
+        typedefs = []
+        structs = []
+        unions = []
+        for key in self._parser._declarations:
+            if key.startswith('typedef '):
+                typedefs.append(key[8:])
+            elif key.startswith('struct '):
+                structs.append(key[7:])
+            elif key.startswith('union '):
+                unions.append(key[6:])
+        typedefs.sort()
+        structs.sort()
+        unions.sort()
+        return (typedefs, structs, unions)
+
+
+def _load_backend_lib(backend, name, flags):
+    import os
+    if not isinstance(name, basestring):
+        if sys.platform != "win32" or name is not None:
+            return backend.load_library(name, flags)
+        name = "c"    # Windows: load_library(None) fails, but this works
+                      # on Python 2 (backward compatibility hack only)
+    first_error = None
+    if '.' in name or '/' in name or os.sep in name:
+        try:
+            return backend.load_library(name, flags)
+        except OSError as e:
+            first_error = e
+    import ctypes.util
+    path = ctypes.util.find_library(name)
+    if path is None:
+        if name == "c" and sys.platform == "win32" and sys.version_info >= (3,):
+            raise OSError("dlopen(None) cannot work on Windows for Python 3 "
+                          "(see http://bugs.python.org/issue23606)")
+        msg = ("ctypes.util.find_library() did not manage "
+               "to locate a library called %r" % (name,))
+        if first_error is not None:
+            msg = "%s.  Additionally, %s" % (first_error, msg)
+        raise OSError(msg)
+    return backend.load_library(path, flags)
+
+def _make_ffi_library(ffi, libname, flags):
+    backend = ffi._backend
+    backendlib = _load_backend_lib(backend, libname, flags)
+    #
+    def accessor_function(name):
+        key = 'function ' + name
+        tp, _ = ffi._parser._declarations[key]
+        BType = ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
+        value = backendlib.load_function(BType, name)
+        library.__dict__[name] = value
+    #
+    def accessor_variable(name):
+        key = 'variable ' + name
+        tp, _ = ffi._parser._declarations[key]
+        BType = ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
+        read_variable = backendlib.read_variable
+        write_variable = backendlib.write_variable
+        setattr(FFILibrary, name, property(
+            lambda self: read_variable(BType, name),
+            lambda self, value: write_variable(BType, name, value)))
+    #
+    def addressof_var(name):
+        try:
+            return addr_variables[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            with ffi._lock:
+                if name not in addr_variables:
+                    key = 'variable ' + name
+                    tp, _ = ffi._parser._declarations[key]
+                    BType = ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
+                    if BType.kind != 'array':
+                        BType = model.pointer_cache(ffi, BType)
+                    p = backendlib.load_function(BType, name)
+                    addr_variables[name] = p
+            return addr_variables[name]
+    #
+    def accessor_constant(name):
+        raise NotImplementedError("non-integer constant '%s' cannot be "
+                                  "accessed from a dlopen() library" % (name,))
+    #
+    def accessor_int_constant(name):
+        library.__dict__[name] = ffi._parser._int_constants[name]
+    #
+    accessors = {}
+    accessors_version = [False]
+    addr_variables = {}
+    #
+    def update_accessors():
+        if accessors_version[0] is ffi._cdef_version:
+            return
+        #
+        for key, (tp, _) in ffi._parser._declarations.items():
+            if not isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+                tag, name = key.split(' ', 1)
+                if tag == 'function':
+                    accessors[name] = accessor_function
+                elif tag == 'variable':
+                    accessors[name] = accessor_variable
+                elif tag == 'constant':
+                    accessors[name] = accessor_constant
+            else:
+                for i, enumname in enumerate(tp.enumerators):
+                    def accessor_enum(name, tp=tp, i=i):
+                        tp.check_not_partial()
+                        library.__dict__[name] = tp.enumvalues[i]
+                    accessors[enumname] = accessor_enum
+        for name in ffi._parser._int_constants:
+            accessors.setdefault(name, accessor_int_constant)
+        accessors_version[0] = ffi._cdef_version
+    #
+    def make_accessor(name):
+        with ffi._lock:
+            if name in library.__dict__ or name in FFILibrary.__dict__:
+                return    # added by another thread while waiting for the lock
+            if name not in accessors:
+                update_accessors()
+                if name not in accessors:
+                    raise AttributeError(name)
+            accessors[name](name)
+    #
+    class FFILibrary(object):
+        def __getattr__(self, name):
+            make_accessor(name)
+            return getattr(self, name)
+        def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+            try:
+                property = getattr(self.__class__, name)
+            except AttributeError:
+                make_accessor(name)
+                setattr(self, name, value)
+            else:
+                property.__set__(self, value)
+        def __dir__(self):
+            with ffi._lock:
+                update_accessors()
+                return accessors.keys()
+        def __addressof__(self, name):
+            if name in library.__dict__:
+                return library.__dict__[name]
+            if name in FFILibrary.__dict__:
+                return addressof_var(name)
+            make_accessor(name)
+            if name in library.__dict__:
+                return library.__dict__[name]
+            if name in FFILibrary.__dict__:
+                return addressof_var(name)
+            raise AttributeError("cffi library has no function or "
+                                 "global variable named '%s'" % (name,))
+        def __cffi_close__(self):
+            backendlib.close_lib()
+            self.__dict__.clear()
+    #
+    if isinstance(libname, basestring):
+        try:
+            if not isinstance(libname, str):    # unicode, on Python 2
+                libname = libname.encode('utf-8')
+            FFILibrary.__name__ = 'FFILibrary_%s' % libname
+        except UnicodeError:
+            pass
+    library = FFILibrary()
+    return library, library.__dict__
+
+def _builtin_function_type(func):
+    # a hack to make at least ffi.typeof(builtin_function) work,
+    # if the builtin function was obtained by 'vengine_cpy'.
+    import sys
+    try:
+        module = sys.modules[func.__module__]
+        ffi = module._cffi_original_ffi
+        types_of_builtin_funcs = module._cffi_types_of_builtin_funcs
+        tp = types_of_builtin_funcs[func]
+    except (KeyError, AttributeError, TypeError):
+        return None
+    else:
+        with ffi._lock:
+            return ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/backend_ctypes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/backend_ctypes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7956a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/backend_ctypes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1121 @@
+import ctypes, ctypes.util, operator, sys
+from . import model
+
+if sys.version_info < (3,):
+    bytechr = chr
+else:
+    unicode = str
+    long = int
+    xrange = range
+    bytechr = lambda num: bytes([num])
+
+class CTypesType(type):
+    pass
+
+class CTypesData(object):
+    __metaclass__ = CTypesType
+    __slots__ = ['__weakref__']
+    __name__ = '<cdata>'
+
+    def __init__(self, *args):
+        raise TypeError("cannot instantiate %r" % (self.__class__,))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _newp(cls, init):
+        raise TypeError("expected a pointer or array ctype, got '%s'"
+                        % (cls._get_c_name(),))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _to_ctypes(value):
+        raise TypeError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _arg_to_ctypes(cls, *value):
+        try:
+            ctype = cls._ctype
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise TypeError("cannot create an instance of %r" % (cls,))
+        if value:
+            res = cls._to_ctypes(*value)
+            if not isinstance(res, ctype):
+                res = cls._ctype(res)
+        else:
+            res = cls._ctype()
+        return res
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _create_ctype_obj(cls, init):
+        if init is None:
+            return cls._arg_to_ctypes()
+        else:
+            return cls._arg_to_ctypes(init)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _from_ctypes(ctypes_value):
+        raise TypeError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_c_name(cls, replace_with=''):
+        return cls._reftypename.replace(' &', replace_with)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _fix_class(cls):
+        cls.__name__ = 'CData<%s>' % (cls._get_c_name(),)
+        cls.__qualname__ = 'CData<%s>' % (cls._get_c_name(),)
+        cls.__module__ = 'ffi'
+
+    def _get_own_repr(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _addr_repr(self, address):
+        if address == 0:
+            return 'NULL'
+        else:
+            if address < 0:
+                address += 1 << (8*ctypes.sizeof(ctypes.c_void_p))
+            return '0x%x' % address
+
+    def __repr__(self, c_name=None):
+        own = self._get_own_repr()
+        return '<cdata %r %s>' % (c_name or self._get_c_name(), own)
+
+    def _convert_to_address(self, BClass):
+        if BClass is None:
+            raise TypeError("cannot convert %r to an address" % (
+                self._get_c_name(),))
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("cannot convert %r to %r" % (
+                self._get_c_name(), BClass._get_c_name()))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_size(cls):
+        return ctypes.sizeof(cls._ctype)
+
+    def _get_size_of_instance(self):
+        return ctypes.sizeof(self._ctype)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _cast_from(cls, source):
+        raise TypeError("cannot cast to %r" % (cls._get_c_name(),))
+
+    def _cast_to_integer(self):
+        return self._convert_to_address(None)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _alignment(cls):
+        return ctypes.alignment(cls._ctype)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        raise TypeError("cdata %r does not support iteration" % (
+            self._get_c_name()),)
+
+    def _make_cmp(name):
+        cmpfunc = getattr(operator, name)
+        def cmp(self, other):
+            v_is_ptr = not isinstance(self, CTypesGenericPrimitive)
+            w_is_ptr = (isinstance(other, CTypesData) and
+                           not isinstance(other, CTypesGenericPrimitive))
+            if v_is_ptr and w_is_ptr:
+                return cmpfunc(self._convert_to_address(None),
+                               other._convert_to_address(None))
+            elif v_is_ptr or w_is_ptr:
+                return NotImplemented
+            else:
+                if isinstance(self, CTypesGenericPrimitive):
+                    self = self._value
+                if isinstance(other, CTypesGenericPrimitive):
+                    other = other._value
+                return cmpfunc(self, other)
+        cmp.func_name = name
+        return cmp
+
+    __eq__ = _make_cmp('__eq__')
+    __ne__ = _make_cmp('__ne__')
+    __lt__ = _make_cmp('__lt__')
+    __le__ = _make_cmp('__le__')
+    __gt__ = _make_cmp('__gt__')
+    __ge__ = _make_cmp('__ge__')
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._convert_to_address(None))
+
+    def _to_string(self, maxlen):
+        raise TypeError("string(): %r" % (self,))
+
+
+class CTypesGenericPrimitive(CTypesData):
+    __slots__ = []
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._value)
+
+    def _get_own_repr(self):
+        return repr(self._from_ctypes(self._value))
+
+
+class CTypesGenericArray(CTypesData):
+    __slots__ = []
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _newp(cls, init):
+        return cls(init)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for i in xrange(len(self)):
+            yield self[i]
+
+    def _get_own_repr(self):
+        return self._addr_repr(ctypes.addressof(self._blob))
+
+
+class CTypesGenericPtr(CTypesData):
+    __slots__ = ['_address', '_as_ctype_ptr']
+    _automatic_casts = False
+    kind = "pointer"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _newp(cls, init):
+        return cls(init)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _cast_from(cls, source):
+        if source is None:
+            address = 0
+        elif isinstance(source, CTypesData):
+            address = source._cast_to_integer()
+        elif isinstance(source, (int, long)):
+            address = source
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("bad type for cast to %r: %r" %
+                            (cls, type(source).__name__))
+        return cls._new_pointer_at(address)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _new_pointer_at(cls, address):
+        self = cls.__new__(cls)
+        self._address = address
+        self._as_ctype_ptr = ctypes.cast(address, cls._ctype)
+        return self
+
+    def _get_own_repr(self):
+        try:
+            return self._addr_repr(self._address)
+        except AttributeError:
+            return '???'
+
+    def _cast_to_integer(self):
+        return self._address
+
+    def __nonzero__(self):
+        return bool(self._address)
+    __bool__ = __nonzero__
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _to_ctypes(cls, value):
+        if not isinstance(value, CTypesData):
+            raise TypeError("unexpected %s object" % type(value).__name__)
+        address = value._convert_to_address(cls)
+        return ctypes.cast(address, cls._ctype)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_ctypes(cls, ctypes_ptr):
+        address = ctypes.cast(ctypes_ptr, ctypes.c_void_p).value or 0
+        return cls._new_pointer_at(address)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _initialize(cls, ctypes_ptr, value):
+        if value:
+            ctypes_ptr.contents = cls._to_ctypes(value).contents
+
+    def _convert_to_address(self, BClass):
+        if (BClass in (self.__class__, None) or BClass._automatic_casts
+            or self._automatic_casts):
+            return self._address
+        else:
+            return CTypesData._convert_to_address(self, BClass)
+
+
+class CTypesBaseStructOrUnion(CTypesData):
+    __slots__ = ['_blob']
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _create_ctype_obj(cls, init):
+        # may be overridden
+        raise TypeError("cannot instantiate opaque type %s" % (cls,))
+
+    def _get_own_repr(self):
+        return self._addr_repr(ctypes.addressof(self._blob))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _offsetof(cls, fieldname):
+        return getattr(cls._ctype, fieldname).offset
+
+    def _convert_to_address(self, BClass):
+        if getattr(BClass, '_BItem', None) is self.__class__:
+            return ctypes.addressof(self._blob)
+        else:
+            return CTypesData._convert_to_address(self, BClass)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_ctypes(cls, ctypes_struct_or_union):
+        self = cls.__new__(cls)
+        self._blob = ctypes_struct_or_union
+        return self
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _to_ctypes(cls, value):
+        return value._blob
+
+    def __repr__(self, c_name=None):
+        return CTypesData.__repr__(self, c_name or self._get_c_name(' &'))
+
+
+class CTypesBackend(object):
+
+    PRIMITIVE_TYPES = {
+        'char': ctypes.c_char,
+        'short': ctypes.c_short,
+        'int': ctypes.c_int,
+        'long': ctypes.c_long,
+        'long long': ctypes.c_longlong,
+        'signed char': ctypes.c_byte,
+        'unsigned char': ctypes.c_ubyte,
+        'unsigned short': ctypes.c_ushort,
+        'unsigned int': ctypes.c_uint,
+        'unsigned long': ctypes.c_ulong,
+        'unsigned long long': ctypes.c_ulonglong,
+        'float': ctypes.c_float,
+        'double': ctypes.c_double,
+        '_Bool': ctypes.c_bool,
+        }
+
+    for _name in ['unsigned long long', 'unsigned long',
+                  'unsigned int', 'unsigned short', 'unsigned char']:
+        _size = ctypes.sizeof(PRIMITIVE_TYPES[_name])
+        PRIMITIVE_TYPES['uint%d_t' % (8*_size)] = PRIMITIVE_TYPES[_name]
+        if _size == ctypes.sizeof(ctypes.c_void_p):
+            PRIMITIVE_TYPES['uintptr_t'] = PRIMITIVE_TYPES[_name]
+        if _size == ctypes.sizeof(ctypes.c_size_t):
+            PRIMITIVE_TYPES['size_t'] = PRIMITIVE_TYPES[_name]
+
+    for _name in ['long long', 'long', 'int', 'short', 'signed char']:
+        _size = ctypes.sizeof(PRIMITIVE_TYPES[_name])
+        PRIMITIVE_TYPES['int%d_t' % (8*_size)] = PRIMITIVE_TYPES[_name]
+        if _size == ctypes.sizeof(ctypes.c_void_p):
+            PRIMITIVE_TYPES['intptr_t'] = PRIMITIVE_TYPES[_name]
+            PRIMITIVE_TYPES['ptrdiff_t'] = PRIMITIVE_TYPES[_name]
+        if _size == ctypes.sizeof(ctypes.c_size_t):
+            PRIMITIVE_TYPES['ssize_t'] = PRIMITIVE_TYPES[_name]
+
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.RTLD_LAZY = 0   # not supported anyway by ctypes
+        self.RTLD_NOW  = 0
+        self.RTLD_GLOBAL = ctypes.RTLD_GLOBAL
+        self.RTLD_LOCAL = ctypes.RTLD_LOCAL
+
+    def set_ffi(self, ffi):
+        self.ffi = ffi
+
+    def _get_types(self):
+        return CTypesData, CTypesType
+
+    def load_library(self, path, flags=0):
+        cdll = ctypes.CDLL(path, flags)
+        return CTypesLibrary(self, cdll)
+
+    def new_void_type(self):
+        class CTypesVoid(CTypesData):
+            __slots__ = []
+            _reftypename = 'void &'
+            @staticmethod
+            def _from_ctypes(novalue):
+                return None
+            @staticmethod
+            def _to_ctypes(novalue):
+                if novalue is not None:
+                    raise TypeError("None expected, got %s object" %
+                                    (type(novalue).__name__,))
+                return None
+        CTypesVoid._fix_class()
+        return CTypesVoid
+
+    def new_primitive_type(self, name):
+        if name == 'wchar_t':
+            raise NotImplementedError(name)
+        ctype = self.PRIMITIVE_TYPES[name]
+        if name == 'char':
+            kind = 'char'
+        elif name in ('float', 'double'):
+            kind = 'float'
+        else:
+            if name in ('signed char', 'unsigned char'):
+                kind = 'byte'
+            elif name == '_Bool':
+                kind = 'bool'
+            else:
+                kind = 'int'
+            is_signed = (ctype(-1).value == -1)
+        #
+        def _cast_source_to_int(source):
+            if isinstance(source, (int, long, float)):
+                source = int(source)
+            elif isinstance(source, CTypesData):
+                source = source._cast_to_integer()
+            elif isinstance(source, bytes):
+                source = ord(source)
+            elif source is None:
+                source = 0
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("bad type for cast to %r: %r" %
+                                (CTypesPrimitive, type(source).__name__))
+            return source
+        #
+        kind1 = kind
+        class CTypesPrimitive(CTypesGenericPrimitive):
+            __slots__ = ['_value']
+            _ctype = ctype
+            _reftypename = '%s &' % name
+            kind = kind1
+
+            def __init__(self, value):
+                self._value = value
+
+            @staticmethod
+            def _create_ctype_obj(init):
+                if init is None:
+                    return ctype()
+                return ctype(CTypesPrimitive._to_ctypes(init))
+
+            if kind == 'int' or kind == 'byte':
+                @classmethod
+                def _cast_from(cls, source):
+                    source = _cast_source_to_int(source)
+                    source = ctype(source).value     # cast within range
+                    return cls(source)
+                def __int__(self):
+                    return self._value
+
+            if kind == 'bool':
+                @classmethod
+                def _cast_from(cls, source):
+                    if not isinstance(source, (int, long, float)):
+                        source = _cast_source_to_int(source)
+                    return cls(bool(source))
+                def __int__(self):
+                    return int(self._value)
+
+            if kind == 'char':
+                @classmethod
+                def _cast_from(cls, source):
+                    source = _cast_source_to_int(source)
+                    source = bytechr(source & 0xFF)
+                    return cls(source)
+                def __int__(self):
+                    return ord(self._value)
+
+            if kind == 'float':
+                @classmethod
+                def _cast_from(cls, source):
+                    if isinstance(source, float):
+                        pass
+                    elif isinstance(source, CTypesGenericPrimitive):
+                        if hasattr(source, '__float__'):
+                            source = float(source)
+                        else:
+                            source = int(source)
+                    else:
+                        source = _cast_source_to_int(source)
+                    source = ctype(source).value     # fix precision
+                    return cls(source)
+                def __int__(self):
+                    return int(self._value)
+                def __float__(self):
+                    return self._value
+
+            _cast_to_integer = __int__
+
+            if kind == 'int' or kind == 'byte' or kind == 'bool':
+                @staticmethod
+                def _to_ctypes(x):
+                    if not isinstance(x, (int, long)):
+                        if isinstance(x, CTypesData):
+                            x = int(x)
+                        else:
+                            raise TypeError("integer expected, got %s" %
+                                            type(x).__name__)
+                    if ctype(x).value != x:
+                        if not is_signed and x < 0:
+                            raise OverflowError("%s: negative integer" % name)
+                        else:
+                            raise OverflowError("%s: integer out of bounds"
+                                                % name)
+                    return x
+
+            if kind == 'char':
+                @staticmethod
+                def _to_ctypes(x):
+                    if isinstance(x, bytes) and len(x) == 1:
+                        return x
+                    if isinstance(x, CTypesPrimitive):    # <CData <char>>
+                        return x._value
+                    raise TypeError("character expected, got %s" %
+                                    type(x).__name__)
+                def __nonzero__(self):
+                    return ord(self._value) != 0
+            else:
+                def __nonzero__(self):
+                    return self._value != 0
+            __bool__ = __nonzero__
+
+            if kind == 'float':
+                @staticmethod
+                def _to_ctypes(x):
+                    if not isinstance(x, (int, long, float, CTypesData)):
+                        raise TypeError("float expected, got %s" %
+                                        type(x).__name__)
+                    return ctype(x).value
+
+            @staticmethod
+            def _from_ctypes(value):
+                return getattr(value, 'value', value)
+
+            @staticmethod
+            def _initialize(blob, init):
+                blob.value = CTypesPrimitive._to_ctypes(init)
+
+            if kind == 'char':
+                def _to_string(self, maxlen):
+                    return self._value
+            if kind == 'byte':
+                def _to_string(self, maxlen):
+                    return chr(self._value & 0xff)
+        #
+        CTypesPrimitive._fix_class()
+        return CTypesPrimitive
+
+    def new_pointer_type(self, BItem):
+        getbtype = self.ffi._get_cached_btype
+        if BItem is getbtype(model.PrimitiveType('char')):
+            kind = 'charp'
+        elif BItem in (getbtype(model.PrimitiveType('signed char')),
+                       getbtype(model.PrimitiveType('unsigned char'))):
+            kind = 'bytep'
+        elif BItem is getbtype(model.void_type):
+            kind = 'voidp'
+        else:
+            kind = 'generic'
+        #
+        class CTypesPtr(CTypesGenericPtr):
+            __slots__ = ['_own']
+            if kind == 'charp':
+                __slots__ += ['__as_strbuf']
+            _BItem = BItem
+            if hasattr(BItem, '_ctype'):
+                _ctype = ctypes.POINTER(BItem._ctype)
+                _bitem_size = ctypes.sizeof(BItem._ctype)
+            else:
+                _ctype = ctypes.c_void_p
+            if issubclass(BItem, CTypesGenericArray):
+                _reftypename = BItem._get_c_name('(* &)')
+            else:
+                _reftypename = BItem._get_c_name(' * &')
+
+            def __init__(self, init):
+                ctypeobj = BItem._create_ctype_obj(init)
+                if kind == 'charp':
+                    self.__as_strbuf = ctypes.create_string_buffer(
+                        ctypeobj.value + b'\x00')
+                    self._as_ctype_ptr = ctypes.cast(
+                        self.__as_strbuf, self._ctype)
+                else:
+                    self._as_ctype_ptr = ctypes.pointer(ctypeobj)
+                self._address = ctypes.cast(self._as_ctype_ptr,
+                                            ctypes.c_void_p).value
+                self._own = True
+
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                if isinstance(other, (int, long)):
+                    return self._new_pointer_at(self._address +
+                                                other * self._bitem_size)
+                else:
+                    return NotImplemented
+
+            def __sub__(self, other):
+                if isinstance(other, (int, long)):
+                    return self._new_pointer_at(self._address -
+                                                other * self._bitem_size)
+                elif type(self) is type(other):
+                    return (self._address - other._address) // self._bitem_size
+                else:
+                    return NotImplemented
+
+            def __getitem__(self, index):
+                if getattr(self, '_own', False) and index != 0:
+                    raise IndexError
+                return BItem._from_ctypes(self._as_ctype_ptr[index])
+
+            def __setitem__(self, index, value):
+                self._as_ctype_ptr[index] = BItem._to_ctypes(value)
+
+            if kind == 'charp' or kind == 'voidp':
+                @classmethod
+                def _arg_to_ctypes(cls, *value):
+                    if value and isinstance(value[0], bytes):
+                        return ctypes.c_char_p(value[0])
+                    else:
+                        return super(CTypesPtr, cls)._arg_to_ctypes(*value)
+
+            if kind == 'charp' or kind == 'bytep':
+                def _to_string(self, maxlen):
+                    if maxlen < 0:
+                        maxlen = sys.maxsize
+                    p = ctypes.cast(self._as_ctype_ptr,
+                                    ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_char))
+                    n = 0
+                    while n < maxlen and p[n] != b'\x00':
+                        n += 1
+                    return b''.join([p[i] for i in range(n)])
+
+            def _get_own_repr(self):
+                if getattr(self, '_own', False):
+                    return 'owning %d bytes' % (
+                        ctypes.sizeof(self._as_ctype_ptr.contents),)
+                return super(CTypesPtr, self)._get_own_repr()
+        #
+        if (BItem is self.ffi._get_cached_btype(model.void_type) or
+            BItem is self.ffi._get_cached_btype(model.PrimitiveType('char'))):
+            CTypesPtr._automatic_casts = True
+        #
+        CTypesPtr._fix_class()
+        return CTypesPtr
+
+    def new_array_type(self, CTypesPtr, length):
+        if length is None:
+            brackets = ' &[]'
+        else:
+            brackets = ' &[%d]' % length
+        BItem = CTypesPtr._BItem
+        getbtype = self.ffi._get_cached_btype
+        if BItem is getbtype(model.PrimitiveType('char')):
+            kind = 'char'
+        elif BItem in (getbtype(model.PrimitiveType('signed char')),
+                       getbtype(model.PrimitiveType('unsigned char'))):
+            kind = 'byte'
+        else:
+            kind = 'generic'
+        #
+        class CTypesArray(CTypesGenericArray):
+            __slots__ = ['_blob', '_own']
+            if length is not None:
+                _ctype = BItem._ctype * length
+            else:
+                __slots__.append('_ctype')
+            _reftypename = BItem._get_c_name(brackets)
+            _declared_length = length
+            _CTPtr = CTypesPtr
+
+            def __init__(self, init):
+                if length is None:
+                    if isinstance(init, (int, long)):
+                        len1 = init
+                        init = None
+                    elif kind == 'char' and isinstance(init, bytes):
+                        len1 = len(init) + 1    # extra null
+                    else:
+                        init = tuple(init)
+                        len1 = len(init)
+                    self._ctype = BItem._ctype * len1
+                self._blob = self._ctype()
+                self._own = True
+                if init is not None:
+                    self._initialize(self._blob, init)
+
+            @staticmethod
+            def _initialize(blob, init):
+                if isinstance(init, bytes):
+                    init = [init[i:i+1] for i in range(len(init))]
+                else:
+                    if isinstance(init, CTypesGenericArray):
+                        if (len(init) != len(blob) or
+                            not isinstance(init, CTypesArray)):
+                            raise TypeError("length/type mismatch: %s" % (init,))
+                    init = tuple(init)
+                if len(init) > len(blob):
+                    raise IndexError("too many initializers")
+                addr = ctypes.cast(blob, ctypes.c_void_p).value
+                PTR = ctypes.POINTER(BItem._ctype)
+                itemsize = ctypes.sizeof(BItem._ctype)
+                for i, value in enumerate(init):
+                    p = ctypes.cast(addr + i * itemsize, PTR)
+                    BItem._initialize(p.contents, value)
+
+            def __len__(self):
+                return len(self._blob)
+
+            def __getitem__(self, index):
+                if not (0 <= index < len(self._blob)):
+                    raise IndexError
+                return BItem._from_ctypes(self._blob[index])
+
+            def __setitem__(self, index, value):
+                if not (0 <= index < len(self._blob)):
+                    raise IndexError
+                self._blob[index] = BItem._to_ctypes(value)
+
+            if kind == 'char' or kind == 'byte':
+                def _to_string(self, maxlen):
+                    if maxlen < 0:
+                        maxlen = len(self._blob)
+                    p = ctypes.cast(self._blob,
+                                    ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_char))
+                    n = 0
+                    while n < maxlen and p[n] != b'\x00':
+                        n += 1
+                    return b''.join([p[i] for i in range(n)])
+
+            def _get_own_repr(self):
+                if getattr(self, '_own', False):
+                    return 'owning %d bytes' % (ctypes.sizeof(self._blob),)
+                return super(CTypesArray, self)._get_own_repr()
+
+            def _convert_to_address(self, BClass):
+                if BClass in (CTypesPtr, None) or BClass._automatic_casts:
+                    return ctypes.addressof(self._blob)
+                else:
+                    return CTypesData._convert_to_address(self, BClass)
+
+            @staticmethod
+            def _from_ctypes(ctypes_array):
+                self = CTypesArray.__new__(CTypesArray)
+                self._blob = ctypes_array
+                return self
+
+            @staticmethod
+            def _arg_to_ctypes(value):
+                return CTypesPtr._arg_to_ctypes(value)
+
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                if isinstance(other, (int, long)):
+                    return CTypesPtr._new_pointer_at(
+                        ctypes.addressof(self._blob) +
+                        other * ctypes.sizeof(BItem._ctype))
+                else:
+                    return NotImplemented
+
+            @classmethod
+            def _cast_from(cls, source):
+                raise NotImplementedError("casting to %r" % (
+                    cls._get_c_name(),))
+        #
+        CTypesArray._fix_class()
+        return CTypesArray
+
+    def _new_struct_or_union(self, kind, name, base_ctypes_class):
+        #
+        class struct_or_union(base_ctypes_class):
+            pass
+        struct_or_union.__name__ = '%s_%s' % (kind, name)
+        kind1 = kind
+        #
+        class CTypesStructOrUnion(CTypesBaseStructOrUnion):
+            __slots__ = ['_blob']
+            _ctype = struct_or_union
+            _reftypename = '%s &' % (name,)
+            _kind = kind = kind1
+        #
+        CTypesStructOrUnion._fix_class()
+        return CTypesStructOrUnion
+
+    def new_struct_type(self, name):
+        return self._new_struct_or_union('struct', name, ctypes.Structure)
+
+    def new_union_type(self, name):
+        return self._new_struct_or_union('union', name, ctypes.Union)
+
+    def complete_struct_or_union(self, CTypesStructOrUnion, fields, tp,
+                                 totalsize=-1, totalalignment=-1, sflags=0,
+                                 pack=0):
+        if totalsize >= 0 or totalalignment >= 0:
+            raise NotImplementedError("the ctypes backend of CFFI does not support "
+                                      "structures completed by verify(); please "
+                                      "compile and install the _cffi_backend module.")
+        struct_or_union = CTypesStructOrUnion._ctype
+        fnames = [fname for (fname, BField, bitsize) in fields]
+        btypes = [BField for (fname, BField, bitsize) in fields]
+        bitfields = [bitsize for (fname, BField, bitsize) in fields]
+        #
+        bfield_types = {}
+        cfields = []
+        for (fname, BField, bitsize) in fields:
+            if bitsize < 0:
+                cfields.append((fname, BField._ctype))
+                bfield_types[fname] = BField
+            else:
+                cfields.append((fname, BField._ctype, bitsize))
+                bfield_types[fname] = Ellipsis
+        if sflags & 8:
+            struct_or_union._pack_ = 1
+        elif pack:
+            struct_or_union._pack_ = pack
+        struct_or_union._fields_ = cfields
+        CTypesStructOrUnion._bfield_types = bfield_types
+        #
+        @staticmethod
+        def _create_ctype_obj(init):
+            result = struct_or_union()
+            if init is not None:
+                initialize(result, init)
+            return result
+        CTypesStructOrUnion._create_ctype_obj = _create_ctype_obj
+        #
+        def initialize(blob, init):
+            if is_union:
+                if len(init) > 1:
+                    raise ValueError("union initializer: %d items given, but "
+                                    "only one supported (use a dict if needed)"
+                                     % (len(init),))
+            if not isinstance(init, dict):
+                if isinstance(init, (bytes, unicode)):
+                    raise TypeError("union initializer: got a str")
+                init = tuple(init)
+                if len(init) > len(fnames):
+                    raise ValueError("too many values for %s initializer" %
+                                     CTypesStructOrUnion._get_c_name())
+                init = dict(zip(fnames, init))
+            addr = ctypes.addressof(blob)
+            for fname, value in init.items():
+                BField, bitsize = name2fieldtype[fname]
+                assert bitsize < 0, \
+                       "not implemented: initializer with bit fields"
+                offset = CTypesStructOrUnion._offsetof(fname)
+                PTR = ctypes.POINTER(BField._ctype)
+                p = ctypes.cast(addr + offset, PTR)
+                BField._initialize(p.contents, value)
+        is_union = CTypesStructOrUnion._kind == 'union'
+        name2fieldtype = dict(zip(fnames, zip(btypes, bitfields)))
+        #
+        for fname, BField, bitsize in fields:
+            if fname == '':
+                raise NotImplementedError("nested anonymous structs/unions")
+            if hasattr(CTypesStructOrUnion, fname):
+                raise ValueError("the field name %r conflicts in "
+                                 "the ctypes backend" % fname)
+            if bitsize < 0:
+                def getter(self, fname=fname, BField=BField,
+                           offset=CTypesStructOrUnion._offsetof(fname),
+                           PTR=ctypes.POINTER(BField._ctype)):
+                    addr = ctypes.addressof(self._blob)
+                    p = ctypes.cast(addr + offset, PTR)
+                    return BField._from_ctypes(p.contents)
+                def setter(self, value, fname=fname, BField=BField):
+                    setattr(self._blob, fname, BField._to_ctypes(value))
+                #
+                if issubclass(BField, CTypesGenericArray):
+                    setter = None
+                    if BField._declared_length == 0:
+                        def getter(self, fname=fname, BFieldPtr=BField._CTPtr,
+                                   offset=CTypesStructOrUnion._offsetof(fname),
+                                   PTR=ctypes.POINTER(BField._ctype)):
+                            addr = ctypes.addressof(self._blob)
+                            p = ctypes.cast(addr + offset, PTR)
+                            return BFieldPtr._from_ctypes(p)
+                #
+            else:
+                def getter(self, fname=fname, BField=BField):
+                    return BField._from_ctypes(getattr(self._blob, fname))
+                def setter(self, value, fname=fname, BField=BField):
+                    # xxx obscure workaround
+                    value = BField._to_ctypes(value)
+                    oldvalue = getattr(self._blob, fname)
+                    setattr(self._blob, fname, value)
+                    if value != getattr(self._blob, fname):
+                        setattr(self._blob, fname, oldvalue)
+                        raise OverflowError("value too large for bitfield")
+            setattr(CTypesStructOrUnion, fname, property(getter, setter))
+        #
+        CTypesPtr = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(model.PointerType(tp))
+        for fname in fnames:
+            if hasattr(CTypesPtr, fname):
+                raise ValueError("the field name %r conflicts in "
+                                 "the ctypes backend" % fname)
+            def getter(self, fname=fname):
+                return getattr(self[0], fname)
+            def setter(self, value, fname=fname):
+                setattr(self[0], fname, value)
+            setattr(CTypesPtr, fname, property(getter, setter))
+
+    def new_function_type(self, BArgs, BResult, has_varargs):
+        nameargs = [BArg._get_c_name() for BArg in BArgs]
+        if has_varargs:
+            nameargs.append('...')
+        nameargs = ', '.join(nameargs)
+        #
+        class CTypesFunctionPtr(CTypesGenericPtr):
+            __slots__ = ['_own_callback', '_name']
+            _ctype = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(getattr(BResult, '_ctype', None),
+                                      *[BArg._ctype for BArg in BArgs],
+                                      use_errno=True)
+            _reftypename = BResult._get_c_name('(* &)(%s)' % (nameargs,))
+
+            def __init__(self, init, error=None):
+                # create a callback to the Python callable init()
+                import traceback
+                assert not has_varargs, "varargs not supported for callbacks"
+                if getattr(BResult, '_ctype', None) is not None:
+                    error = BResult._from_ctypes(
+                        BResult._create_ctype_obj(error))
+                else:
+                    error = None
+                def callback(*args):
+                    args2 = []
+                    for arg, BArg in zip(args, BArgs):
+                        args2.append(BArg._from_ctypes(arg))
+                    try:
+                        res2 = init(*args2)
+                        res2 = BResult._to_ctypes(res2)
+                    except:
+                        traceback.print_exc()
+                        res2 = error
+                    if issubclass(BResult, CTypesGenericPtr):
+                        if res2:
+                            res2 = ctypes.cast(res2, ctypes.c_void_p).value
+                                # .value: http://bugs.python.org/issue1574593
+                        else:
+                            res2 = None
+                    #print repr(res2)
+                    return res2
+                if issubclass(BResult, CTypesGenericPtr):
+                    # The only pointers callbacks can return are void*s:
+                    # http://bugs.python.org/issue5710
+                    callback_ctype = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+                        ctypes.c_void_p,
+                        *[BArg._ctype for BArg in BArgs],
+                        use_errno=True)
+                else:
+                    callback_ctype = CTypesFunctionPtr._ctype
+                self._as_ctype_ptr = callback_ctype(callback)
+                self._address = ctypes.cast(self._as_ctype_ptr,
+                                            ctypes.c_void_p).value
+                self._own_callback = init
+
+            @staticmethod
+            def _initialize(ctypes_ptr, value):
+                if value:
+                    raise NotImplementedError("ctypes backend: not supported: "
+                                          "initializers for function pointers")
+
+            def __repr__(self):
+                c_name = getattr(self, '_name', None)
+                if c_name:
+                    i = self._reftypename.index('(* &)')
+                    if self._reftypename[i-1] not in ' )*':
+                        c_name = ' ' + c_name
+                    c_name = self._reftypename.replace('(* &)', c_name)
+                return CTypesData.__repr__(self, c_name)
+
+            def _get_own_repr(self):
+                if getattr(self, '_own_callback', None) is not None:
+                    return 'calling %r' % (self._own_callback,)
+                return super(CTypesFunctionPtr, self)._get_own_repr()
+
+            def __call__(self, *args):
+                if has_varargs:
+                    assert len(args) >= len(BArgs)
+                    extraargs = args[len(BArgs):]
+                    args = args[:len(BArgs)]
+                else:
+                    assert len(args) == len(BArgs)
+                ctypes_args = []
+                for arg, BArg in zip(args, BArgs):
+                    ctypes_args.append(BArg._arg_to_ctypes(arg))
+                if has_varargs:
+                    for i, arg in enumerate(extraargs):
+                        if arg is None:
+                            ctypes_args.append(ctypes.c_void_p(0))  # NULL
+                            continue
+                        if not isinstance(arg, CTypesData):
+                            raise TypeError(
+                                "argument %d passed in the variadic part "
+                                "needs to be a cdata object (got %s)" %
+                                (1 + len(BArgs) + i, type(arg).__name__))
+                        ctypes_args.append(arg._arg_to_ctypes(arg))
+                result = self._as_ctype_ptr(*ctypes_args)
+                return BResult._from_ctypes(result)
+        #
+        CTypesFunctionPtr._fix_class()
+        return CTypesFunctionPtr
+
+    def new_enum_type(self, name, enumerators, enumvalues, CTypesInt):
+        assert isinstance(name, str)
+        reverse_mapping = dict(zip(reversed(enumvalues),
+                                   reversed(enumerators)))
+        #
+        class CTypesEnum(CTypesInt):
+            __slots__ = []
+            _reftypename = '%s &' % name
+
+            def _get_own_repr(self):
+                value = self._value
+                try:
+                    return '%d: %s' % (value, reverse_mapping[value])
+                except KeyError:
+                    return str(value)
+
+            def _to_string(self, maxlen):
+                value = self._value
+                try:
+                    return reverse_mapping[value]
+                except KeyError:
+                    return str(value)
+        #
+        CTypesEnum._fix_class()
+        return CTypesEnum
+
+    def get_errno(self):
+        return ctypes.get_errno()
+
+    def set_errno(self, value):
+        ctypes.set_errno(value)
+
+    def string(self, b, maxlen=-1):
+        return b._to_string(maxlen)
+
+    def buffer(self, bptr, size=-1):
+        raise NotImplementedError("buffer() with ctypes backend")
+
+    def sizeof(self, cdata_or_BType):
+        if isinstance(cdata_or_BType, CTypesData):
+            return cdata_or_BType._get_size_of_instance()
+        else:
+            assert issubclass(cdata_or_BType, CTypesData)
+            return cdata_or_BType._get_size()
+
+    def alignof(self, BType):
+        assert issubclass(BType, CTypesData)
+        return BType._alignment()
+
+    def newp(self, BType, source):
+        if not issubclass(BType, CTypesData):
+            raise TypeError
+        return BType._newp(source)
+
+    def cast(self, BType, source):
+        return BType._cast_from(source)
+
+    def callback(self, BType, source, error, onerror):
+        assert onerror is None   # XXX not implemented
+        return BType(source, error)
+
+    _weakref_cache_ref = None
+
+    def gcp(self, cdata, destructor, size=0):
+        if self._weakref_cache_ref is None:
+            import weakref
+            class MyRef(weakref.ref):
+                def __eq__(self, other):
+                    myref = self()
+                    return self is other or (
+                        myref is not None and myref is other())
+                def __ne__(self, other):
+                    return not (self == other)
+                def __hash__(self):
+                    try:
+                        return self._hash
+                    except AttributeError:
+                        self._hash = hash(self())
+                        return self._hash
+            self._weakref_cache_ref = {}, MyRef
+        weak_cache, MyRef = self._weakref_cache_ref
+
+        if destructor is None:
+            try:
+                del weak_cache[MyRef(cdata)]
+            except KeyError:
+                raise TypeError("Can remove destructor only on a object "
+                                "previously returned by ffi.gc()")
+            return None
+
+        def remove(k):
+            cdata, destructor = weak_cache.pop(k, (None, None))
+            if destructor is not None:
+                destructor(cdata)
+
+        new_cdata = self.cast(self.typeof(cdata), cdata)
+        assert new_cdata is not cdata
+        weak_cache[MyRef(new_cdata, remove)] = (cdata, destructor)
+        return new_cdata
+
+    typeof = type
+
+    def getcname(self, BType, replace_with):
+        return BType._get_c_name(replace_with)
+
+    def typeoffsetof(self, BType, fieldname, num=0):
+        if isinstance(fieldname, str):
+            if num == 0 and issubclass(BType, CTypesGenericPtr):
+                BType = BType._BItem
+            if not issubclass(BType, CTypesBaseStructOrUnion):
+                raise TypeError("expected a struct or union ctype")
+            BField = BType._bfield_types[fieldname]
+            if BField is Ellipsis:
+                raise TypeError("not supported for bitfields")
+            return (BField, BType._offsetof(fieldname))
+        elif isinstance(fieldname, (int, long)):
+            if issubclass(BType, CTypesGenericArray):
+                BType = BType._CTPtr
+            if not issubclass(BType, CTypesGenericPtr):
+                raise TypeError("expected an array or ptr ctype")
+            BItem = BType._BItem
+            offset = BItem._get_size() * fieldname
+            if offset > sys.maxsize:
+                raise OverflowError
+            return (BItem, offset)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(type(fieldname))
+
+    def rawaddressof(self, BTypePtr, cdata, offset=None):
+        if isinstance(cdata, CTypesBaseStructOrUnion):
+            ptr = ctypes.pointer(type(cdata)._to_ctypes(cdata))
+        elif isinstance(cdata, CTypesGenericPtr):
+            if offset is None or not issubclass(type(cdata)._BItem,
+                                                CTypesBaseStructOrUnion):
+                raise TypeError("unexpected cdata type")
+            ptr = type(cdata)._to_ctypes(cdata)
+        elif isinstance(cdata, CTypesGenericArray):
+            ptr = type(cdata)._to_ctypes(cdata)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("expected a <cdata 'struct-or-union'>")
+        if offset:
+            ptr = ctypes.cast(
+                ctypes.c_void_p(
+                    ctypes.cast(ptr, ctypes.c_void_p).value + offset),
+                type(ptr))
+        return BTypePtr._from_ctypes(ptr)
+
+
+class CTypesLibrary(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, backend, cdll):
+        self.backend = backend
+        self.cdll = cdll
+
+    def load_function(self, BType, name):
+        c_func = getattr(self.cdll, name)
+        funcobj = BType._from_ctypes(c_func)
+        funcobj._name = name
+        return funcobj
+
+    def read_variable(self, BType, name):
+        try:
+            ctypes_obj = BType._ctype.in_dll(self.cdll, name)
+        except AttributeError as e:
+            raise NotImplementedError(e)
+        return BType._from_ctypes(ctypes_obj)
+
+    def write_variable(self, BType, name, value):
+        new_ctypes_obj = BType._to_ctypes(value)
+        ctypes_obj = BType._ctype.in_dll(self.cdll, name)
+        ctypes.memmove(ctypes.addressof(ctypes_obj),
+                       ctypes.addressof(new_ctypes_obj),
+                       ctypes.sizeof(BType._ctype))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/cffi_opcode.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/cffi_opcode.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0df98d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/cffi_opcode.py
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+from .error import VerificationError
+
+class CffiOp(object):
+    def __init__(self, op, arg):
+        self.op = op
+        self.arg = arg
+
+    def as_c_expr(self):
+        if self.op is None:
+            assert isinstance(self.arg, str)
+            return '(_cffi_opcode_t)(%s)' % (self.arg,)
+        classname = CLASS_NAME[self.op]
+        return '_CFFI_OP(_CFFI_OP_%s, %s)' % (classname, self.arg)
+
+    def as_python_bytes(self):
+        if self.op is None and self.arg.isdigit():
+            value = int(self.arg)     # non-negative: '-' not in self.arg
+            if value >= 2**31:
+                raise OverflowError("cannot emit %r: limited to 2**31-1"
+                                    % (self.arg,))
+            return format_four_bytes(value)
+        if isinstance(self.arg, str):
+            raise VerificationError("cannot emit to Python: %r" % (self.arg,))
+        return format_four_bytes((self.arg << 8) | self.op)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        classname = CLASS_NAME.get(self.op, self.op)
+        return '(%s %s)' % (classname, self.arg)
+
+def format_four_bytes(num):
+    return '\\x%02X\\x%02X\\x%02X\\x%02X' % (
+        (num >> 24) & 0xFF,
+        (num >> 16) & 0xFF,
+        (num >>  8) & 0xFF,
+        (num      ) & 0xFF)
+
+OP_PRIMITIVE       = 1
+OP_POINTER         = 3
+OP_ARRAY           = 5
+OP_OPEN_ARRAY      = 7
+OP_STRUCT_UNION    = 9
+OP_ENUM            = 11
+OP_FUNCTION        = 13
+OP_FUNCTION_END    = 15
+OP_NOOP            = 17
+OP_BITFIELD        = 19
+OP_TYPENAME        = 21
+OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_V  = 23   # varargs
+OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_N  = 25   # noargs
+OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_O  = 27   # O  (i.e. a single arg)
+OP_CONSTANT        = 29
+OP_CONSTANT_INT    = 31
+OP_GLOBAL_VAR      = 33
+OP_DLOPEN_FUNC     = 35
+OP_DLOPEN_CONST    = 37
+OP_GLOBAL_VAR_F    = 39
+OP_EXTERN_PYTHON   = 41
+
+PRIM_VOID          = 0
+PRIM_BOOL          = 1
+PRIM_CHAR          = 2
+PRIM_SCHAR         = 3
+PRIM_UCHAR         = 4
+PRIM_SHORT         = 5
+PRIM_USHORT        = 6
+PRIM_INT           = 7
+PRIM_UINT          = 8
+PRIM_LONG          = 9
+PRIM_ULONG         = 10
+PRIM_LONGLONG      = 11
+PRIM_ULONGLONG     = 12
+PRIM_FLOAT         = 13
+PRIM_DOUBLE        = 14
+PRIM_LONGDOUBLE    = 15
+
+PRIM_WCHAR         = 16
+PRIM_INT8          = 17
+PRIM_UINT8         = 18
+PRIM_INT16         = 19
+PRIM_UINT16        = 20
+PRIM_INT32         = 21
+PRIM_UINT32        = 22
+PRIM_INT64         = 23
+PRIM_UINT64        = 24
+PRIM_INTPTR        = 25
+PRIM_UINTPTR       = 26
+PRIM_PTRDIFF       = 27
+PRIM_SIZE          = 28
+PRIM_SSIZE         = 29
+PRIM_INT_LEAST8    = 30
+PRIM_UINT_LEAST8   = 31
+PRIM_INT_LEAST16   = 32
+PRIM_UINT_LEAST16  = 33
+PRIM_INT_LEAST32   = 34
+PRIM_UINT_LEAST32  = 35
+PRIM_INT_LEAST64   = 36
+PRIM_UINT_LEAST64  = 37
+PRIM_INT_FAST8     = 38
+PRIM_UINT_FAST8    = 39
+PRIM_INT_FAST16    = 40
+PRIM_UINT_FAST16   = 41
+PRIM_INT_FAST32    = 42
+PRIM_UINT_FAST32   = 43
+PRIM_INT_FAST64    = 44
+PRIM_UINT_FAST64   = 45
+PRIM_INTMAX        = 46
+PRIM_UINTMAX       = 47
+PRIM_FLOATCOMPLEX  = 48
+PRIM_DOUBLECOMPLEX = 49
+PRIM_CHAR16        = 50
+PRIM_CHAR32        = 51
+
+_NUM_PRIM          = 52
+_UNKNOWN_PRIM          = -1
+_UNKNOWN_FLOAT_PRIM    = -2
+_UNKNOWN_LONG_DOUBLE   = -3
+
+_IO_FILE_STRUCT        = -1
+
+PRIMITIVE_TO_INDEX = {
+    'char':               PRIM_CHAR,
+    'short':              PRIM_SHORT,
+    'int':                PRIM_INT,
+    'long':               PRIM_LONG,
+    'long long':          PRIM_LONGLONG,
+    'signed char':        PRIM_SCHAR,
+    'unsigned char':      PRIM_UCHAR,
+    'unsigned short':     PRIM_USHORT,
+    'unsigned int':       PRIM_UINT,
+    'unsigned long':      PRIM_ULONG,
+    'unsigned long long': PRIM_ULONGLONG,
+    'float':              PRIM_FLOAT,
+    'double':             PRIM_DOUBLE,
+    'long double':        PRIM_LONGDOUBLE,
+    'float _Complex':     PRIM_FLOATCOMPLEX,
+    'double _Complex':    PRIM_DOUBLECOMPLEX,
+    '_Bool':              PRIM_BOOL,
+    'wchar_t':            PRIM_WCHAR,
+    'char16_t':           PRIM_CHAR16,
+    'char32_t':           PRIM_CHAR32,
+    'int8_t':             PRIM_INT8,
+    'uint8_t':            PRIM_UINT8,
+    'int16_t':            PRIM_INT16,
+    'uint16_t':           PRIM_UINT16,
+    'int32_t':            PRIM_INT32,
+    'uint32_t':           PRIM_UINT32,
+    'int64_t':            PRIM_INT64,
+    'uint64_t':           PRIM_UINT64,
+    'intptr_t':           PRIM_INTPTR,
+    'uintptr_t':          PRIM_UINTPTR,
+    'ptrdiff_t':          PRIM_PTRDIFF,
+    'size_t':             PRIM_SIZE,
+    'ssize_t':            PRIM_SSIZE,
+    'int_least8_t':       PRIM_INT_LEAST8,
+    'uint_least8_t':      PRIM_UINT_LEAST8,
+    'int_least16_t':      PRIM_INT_LEAST16,
+    'uint_least16_t':     PRIM_UINT_LEAST16,
+    'int_least32_t':      PRIM_INT_LEAST32,
+    'uint_least32_t':     PRIM_UINT_LEAST32,
+    'int_least64_t':      PRIM_INT_LEAST64,
+    'uint_least64_t':     PRIM_UINT_LEAST64,
+    'int_fast8_t':        PRIM_INT_FAST8,
+    'uint_fast8_t':       PRIM_UINT_FAST8,
+    'int_fast16_t':       PRIM_INT_FAST16,
+    'uint_fast16_t':      PRIM_UINT_FAST16,
+    'int_fast32_t':       PRIM_INT_FAST32,
+    'uint_fast32_t':      PRIM_UINT_FAST32,
+    'int_fast64_t':       PRIM_INT_FAST64,
+    'uint_fast64_t':      PRIM_UINT_FAST64,
+    'intmax_t':           PRIM_INTMAX,
+    'uintmax_t':          PRIM_UINTMAX,
+    }
+
+F_UNION         = 0x01
+F_CHECK_FIELDS  = 0x02
+F_PACKED        = 0x04
+F_EXTERNAL      = 0x08
+F_OPAQUE        = 0x10
+
+G_FLAGS = dict([('_CFFI_' + _key, globals()[_key])
+                for _key in ['F_UNION', 'F_CHECK_FIELDS', 'F_PACKED',
+                             'F_EXTERNAL', 'F_OPAQUE']])
+
+CLASS_NAME = {}
+for _name, _value in list(globals().items()):
+    if _name.startswith('OP_') and isinstance(_value, int):
+        CLASS_NAME[_value] = _name[3:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/commontypes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/commontypes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ec97c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/commontypes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import sys
+from . import model
+from .error import FFIError
+
+
+COMMON_TYPES = {}
+
+try:
+    # fetch "bool" and all simple Windows types
+    from _cffi_backend import _get_common_types
+    _get_common_types(COMMON_TYPES)
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+COMMON_TYPES['FILE'] = model.unknown_type('FILE', '_IO_FILE')
+COMMON_TYPES['bool'] = '_Bool'    # in case we got ImportError above
+
+for _type in model.PrimitiveType.ALL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES:
+    if _type.endswith('_t'):
+        COMMON_TYPES[_type] = _type
+del _type
+
+_CACHE = {}
+
+def resolve_common_type(parser, commontype):
+    try:
+        return _CACHE[commontype]
+    except KeyError:
+        cdecl = COMMON_TYPES.get(commontype, commontype)
+        if not isinstance(cdecl, str):
+            result, quals = cdecl, 0    # cdecl is already a BaseType
+        elif cdecl in model.PrimitiveType.ALL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES:
+            result, quals = model.PrimitiveType(cdecl), 0
+        elif cdecl == 'set-unicode-needed':
+            raise FFIError("The Windows type %r is only available after "
+                           "you call ffi.set_unicode()" % (commontype,))
+        else:
+            if commontype == cdecl:
+                raise FFIError(
+                    "Unsupported type: %r.  Please look at "
+        "http://cffi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cdef.html#ffi-cdef-limitations "
+                    "and file an issue if you think this type should really "
+                    "be supported." % (commontype,))
+            result, quals = parser.parse_type_and_quals(cdecl)   # recursive
+
+        assert isinstance(result, model.BaseTypeByIdentity)
+        _CACHE[commontype] = result, quals
+        return result, quals
+
+
+# ____________________________________________________________
+# extra types for Windows (most of them are in commontypes.c)
+
+
+def win_common_types():
+    return {
+        "UNICODE_STRING": model.StructType(
+            "_UNICODE_STRING",
+            ["Length",
+             "MaximumLength",
+             "Buffer"],
+            [model.PrimitiveType("unsigned short"),
+             model.PrimitiveType("unsigned short"),
+             model.PointerType(model.PrimitiveType("wchar_t"))],
+            [-1, -1, -1]),
+        "PUNICODE_STRING": "UNICODE_STRING *",
+        "PCUNICODE_STRING": "const UNICODE_STRING *",
+
+        "TBYTE": "set-unicode-needed",
+        "TCHAR": "set-unicode-needed",
+        "LPCTSTR": "set-unicode-needed",
+        "PCTSTR": "set-unicode-needed",
+        "LPTSTR": "set-unicode-needed",
+        "PTSTR": "set-unicode-needed",
+        "PTBYTE": "set-unicode-needed",
+        "PTCHAR": "set-unicode-needed",
+        }
+
+if sys.platform == 'win32':
+    COMMON_TYPES.update(win_common_types())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/cparser.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/cparser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74830e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/cparser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1006 @@
+from . import model
+from .commontypes import COMMON_TYPES, resolve_common_type
+from .error import FFIError, CDefError
+try:
+    from . import _pycparser as pycparser
+except ImportError:
+    import pycparser
+import weakref, re, sys
+
+try:
+    if sys.version_info < (3,):
+        import thread as _thread
+    else:
+        import _thread
+    lock = _thread.allocate_lock()
+except ImportError:
+    lock = None
+
+def _workaround_for_static_import_finders():
+    # Issue #392: packaging tools like cx_Freeze can not find these
+    # because pycparser uses exec dynamic import.  This is an obscure
+    # workaround.  This function is never called.
+    import pycparser.yacctab
+    import pycparser.lextab
+
+CDEF_SOURCE_STRING = "<cdef source string>"
+_r_comment = re.compile(r"/\*.*?\*/|//([^\n\\]|\\.)*?$",
+                        re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE)
+_r_define  = re.compile(r"^\s*#\s*define\s+([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*)"
+                        r"\b((?:[^\n\\]|\\.)*?)$",
+                        re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE)
+_r_line_directive = re.compile(r"^[ \t]*#[ \t]*(?:line|\d+)\b.*$", re.MULTILINE)
+_r_partial_enum = re.compile(r"=\s*\.\.\.\s*[,}]|\.\.\.\s*\}")
+_r_enum_dotdotdot = re.compile(r"__dotdotdot\d+__$")
+_r_partial_array = re.compile(r"\[\s*\.\.\.\s*\]")
+_r_words = re.compile(r"\w+|\S")
+_parser_cache = None
+_r_int_literal = re.compile(r"-?0?x?[0-9a-f]+[lu]*$", re.IGNORECASE)
+_r_stdcall1 = re.compile(r"\b(__stdcall|WINAPI)\b")
+_r_stdcall2 = re.compile(r"[(]\s*(__stdcall|WINAPI)\b")
+_r_cdecl = re.compile(r"\b__cdecl\b")
+_r_extern_python = re.compile(r'\bextern\s*"'
+                              r'(Python|Python\s*\+\s*C|C\s*\+\s*Python)"\s*.')
+_r_star_const_space = re.compile(       # matches "* const "
+    r"[*]\s*((const|volatile|restrict)\b\s*)+")
+_r_int_dotdotdot = re.compile(r"(\b(int|long|short|signed|unsigned|char)\s*)+"
+                              r"\.\.\.")
+_r_float_dotdotdot = re.compile(r"\b(double|float)\s*\.\.\.")
+
+def _get_parser():
+    global _parser_cache
+    if _parser_cache is None:
+        _parser_cache = pycparser.CParser()
+    return _parser_cache
+
+def _workaround_for_old_pycparser(csource):
+    # Workaround for a pycparser issue (fixed between pycparser 2.10 and
+    # 2.14): "char*const***" gives us a wrong syntax tree, the same as
+    # for "char***(*const)".  This means we can't tell the difference
+    # afterwards.  But "char(*const(***))" gives us the right syntax
+    # tree.  The issue only occurs if there are several stars in
+    # sequence with no parenthesis inbetween, just possibly qualifiers.
+    # Attempt to fix it by adding some parentheses in the source: each
+    # time we see "* const" or "* const *", we add an opening
+    # parenthesis before each star---the hard part is figuring out where
+    # to close them.
+    parts = []
+    while True:
+        match = _r_star_const_space.search(csource)
+        if not match:
+            break
+        #print repr(''.join(parts)+csource), '=>',
+        parts.append(csource[:match.start()])
+        parts.append('('); closing = ')'
+        parts.append(match.group())   # e.g. "* const "
+        endpos = match.end()
+        if csource.startswith('*', endpos):
+            parts.append('('); closing += ')'
+        level = 0
+        i = endpos
+        while i < len(csource):
+            c = csource[i]
+            if c == '(':
+                level += 1
+            elif c == ')':
+                if level == 0:
+                    break
+                level -= 1
+            elif c in ',;=':
+                if level == 0:
+                    break
+            i += 1
+        csource = csource[endpos:i] + closing + csource[i:]
+        #print repr(''.join(parts)+csource)
+    parts.append(csource)
+    return ''.join(parts)
+
+def _preprocess_extern_python(csource):
+    # input: `extern "Python" int foo(int);` or
+    #        `extern "Python" { int foo(int); }`
+    # output:
+    #     void __cffi_extern_python_start;
+    #     int foo(int);
+    #     void __cffi_extern_python_stop;
+    #
+    # input: `extern "Python+C" int foo(int);`
+    # output:
+    #     void __cffi_extern_python_plus_c_start;
+    #     int foo(int);
+    #     void __cffi_extern_python_stop;
+    parts = []
+    while True:
+        match = _r_extern_python.search(csource)
+        if not match:
+            break
+        endpos = match.end() - 1
+        #print
+        #print ''.join(parts)+csource
+        #print '=>'
+        parts.append(csource[:match.start()])
+        if 'C' in match.group(1):
+            parts.append('void __cffi_extern_python_plus_c_start; ')
+        else:
+            parts.append('void __cffi_extern_python_start; ')
+        if csource[endpos] == '{':
+            # grouping variant
+            closing = csource.find('}', endpos)
+            if closing < 0:
+                raise CDefError("'extern \"Python\" {': no '}' found")
+            if csource.find('{', endpos + 1, closing) >= 0:
+                raise NotImplementedError("cannot use { } inside a block "
+                                          "'extern \"Python\" { ... }'")
+            parts.append(csource[endpos+1:closing])
+            csource = csource[closing+1:]
+        else:
+            # non-grouping variant
+            semicolon = csource.find(';', endpos)
+            if semicolon < 0:
+                raise CDefError("'extern \"Python\": no ';' found")
+            parts.append(csource[endpos:semicolon+1])
+            csource = csource[semicolon+1:]
+        parts.append(' void __cffi_extern_python_stop;')
+        #print ''.join(parts)+csource
+        #print
+    parts.append(csource)
+    return ''.join(parts)
+
+def _warn_for_string_literal(csource):
+    if '"' not in csource:
+        return
+    for line in csource.splitlines():
+        if '"' in line and not line.lstrip().startswith('#'):
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn("String literal found in cdef() or type source. "
+                          "String literals are ignored here, but you should "
+                          "remove them anyway because some character sequences "
+                          "confuse pre-parsing.")
+            break
+
+def _warn_for_non_extern_non_static_global_variable(decl):
+    if not decl.storage:
+        import warnings
+        warnings.warn("Global variable '%s' in cdef(): for consistency "
+                      "with C it should have a storage class specifier "
+                      "(usually 'extern')" % (decl.name,))
+
+def _remove_line_directives(csource):
+    # _r_line_directive matches whole lines, without the final \n, if they
+    # start with '#line' with some spacing allowed, or '#NUMBER'.  This
+    # function stores them away and replaces them with exactly the string
+    # '#line@N', where N is the index in the list 'line_directives'.
+    line_directives = []
+    def replace(m):
+        i = len(line_directives)
+        line_directives.append(m.group())
+        return '#line@%d' % i
+    csource = _r_line_directive.sub(replace, csource)
+    return csource, line_directives
+
+def _put_back_line_directives(csource, line_directives):
+    def replace(m):
+        s = m.group()
+        if not s.startswith('#line@'):
+            raise AssertionError("unexpected #line directive "
+                                 "(should have been processed and removed")
+        return line_directives[int(s[6:])]
+    return _r_line_directive.sub(replace, csource)
+
+def _preprocess(csource):
+    # First, remove the lines of the form '#line N "filename"' because
+    # the "filename" part could confuse the rest
+    csource, line_directives = _remove_line_directives(csource)
+    # Remove comments.  NOTE: this only work because the cdef() section
+    # should not contain any string literals (except in line directives)!
+    def replace_keeping_newlines(m):
+        return ' ' + m.group().count('\n') * '\n'
+    csource = _r_comment.sub(replace_keeping_newlines, csource)
+    # Remove the "#define FOO x" lines
+    macros = {}
+    for match in _r_define.finditer(csource):
+        macroname, macrovalue = match.groups()
+        macrovalue = macrovalue.replace('\\\n', '').strip()
+        macros[macroname] = macrovalue
+    csource = _r_define.sub('', csource)
+    #
+    if pycparser.__version__ < '2.14':
+        csource = _workaround_for_old_pycparser(csource)
+    #
+    # BIG HACK: replace WINAPI or __stdcall with "volatile const".
+    # It doesn't make sense for the return type of a function to be
+    # "volatile volatile const", so we abuse it to detect __stdcall...
+    # Hack number 2 is that "int(volatile *fptr)();" is not valid C
+    # syntax, so we place the "volatile" before the opening parenthesis.
+    csource = _r_stdcall2.sub(' volatile volatile const(', csource)
+    csource = _r_stdcall1.sub(' volatile volatile const ', csource)
+    csource = _r_cdecl.sub(' ', csource)
+    #
+    # Replace `extern "Python"` with start/end markers
+    csource = _preprocess_extern_python(csource)
+    #
+    # Now there should not be any string literal left; warn if we get one
+    _warn_for_string_literal(csource)
+    #
+    # Replace "[...]" with "[__dotdotdotarray__]"
+    csource = _r_partial_array.sub('[__dotdotdotarray__]', csource)
+    #
+    # Replace "...}" with "__dotdotdotNUM__}".  This construction should
+    # occur only at the end of enums; at the end of structs we have "...;}"
+    # and at the end of vararg functions "...);".  Also replace "=...[,}]"
+    # with ",__dotdotdotNUM__[,}]": this occurs in the enums too, when
+    # giving an unknown value.
+    matches = list(_r_partial_enum.finditer(csource))
+    for number, match in enumerate(reversed(matches)):
+        p = match.start()
+        if csource[p] == '=':
+            p2 = csource.find('...', p, match.end())
+            assert p2 > p
+            csource = '%s,__dotdotdot%d__ %s' % (csource[:p], number,
+                                                 csource[p2+3:])
+        else:
+            assert csource[p:p+3] == '...'
+            csource = '%s __dotdotdot%d__ %s' % (csource[:p], number,
+                                                 csource[p+3:])
+    # Replace "int ..." or "unsigned long int..." with "__dotdotdotint__"
+    csource = _r_int_dotdotdot.sub(' __dotdotdotint__ ', csource)
+    # Replace "float ..." or "double..." with "__dotdotdotfloat__"
+    csource = _r_float_dotdotdot.sub(' __dotdotdotfloat__ ', csource)
+    # Replace all remaining "..." with the same name, "__dotdotdot__",
+    # which is declared with a typedef for the purpose of C parsing.
+    csource = csource.replace('...', ' __dotdotdot__ ')
+    # Finally, put back the line directives
+    csource = _put_back_line_directives(csource, line_directives)
+    return csource, macros
+
+def _common_type_names(csource):
+    # Look in the source for what looks like usages of types from the
+    # list of common types.  A "usage" is approximated here as the
+    # appearance of the word, minus a "definition" of the type, which
+    # is the last word in a "typedef" statement.  Approximative only
+    # but should be fine for all the common types.
+    look_for_words = set(COMMON_TYPES)
+    look_for_words.add(';')
+    look_for_words.add(',')
+    look_for_words.add('(')
+    look_for_words.add(')')
+    look_for_words.add('typedef')
+    words_used = set()
+    is_typedef = False
+    paren = 0
+    previous_word = ''
+    for word in _r_words.findall(csource):
+        if word in look_for_words:
+            if word == ';':
+                if is_typedef:
+                    words_used.discard(previous_word)
+                    look_for_words.discard(previous_word)
+                    is_typedef = False
+            elif word == 'typedef':
+                is_typedef = True
+                paren = 0
+            elif word == '(':
+                paren += 1
+            elif word == ')':
+                paren -= 1
+            elif word == ',':
+                if is_typedef and paren == 0:
+                    words_used.discard(previous_word)
+                    look_for_words.discard(previous_word)
+            else:   # word in COMMON_TYPES
+                words_used.add(word)
+        previous_word = word
+    return words_used
+
+
+class Parser(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._declarations = {}
+        self._included_declarations = set()
+        self._anonymous_counter = 0
+        self._structnode2type = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary()
+        self._options = {}
+        self._int_constants = {}
+        self._recomplete = []
+        self._uses_new_feature = None
+
+    def _parse(self, csource):
+        csource, macros = _preprocess(csource)
+        # XXX: for more efficiency we would need to poke into the
+        # internals of CParser...  the following registers the
+        # typedefs, because their presence or absence influences the
+        # parsing itself (but what they are typedef'ed to plays no role)
+        ctn = _common_type_names(csource)
+        typenames = []
+        for name in sorted(self._declarations):
+            if name.startswith('typedef '):
+                name = name[8:]
+                typenames.append(name)
+                ctn.discard(name)
+        typenames += sorted(ctn)
+        #
+        csourcelines = []
+        csourcelines.append('# 1 "<cdef automatic initialization code>"')
+        for typename in typenames:
+            csourcelines.append('typedef int %s;' % typename)
+        csourcelines.append('typedef int __dotdotdotint__, __dotdotdotfloat__,'
+                            ' __dotdotdot__;')
+        # this forces pycparser to consider the following in the file
+        # called <cdef source string> from line 1
+        csourcelines.append('# 1 "%s"' % (CDEF_SOURCE_STRING,))
+        csourcelines.append(csource)
+        fullcsource = '\n'.join(csourcelines)
+        if lock is not None:
+            lock.acquire()     # pycparser is not thread-safe...
+        try:
+            ast = _get_parser().parse(fullcsource)
+        except pycparser.c_parser.ParseError as e:
+            self.convert_pycparser_error(e, csource)
+        finally:
+            if lock is not None:
+                lock.release()
+        # csource will be used to find buggy source text
+        return ast, macros, csource
+
+    def _convert_pycparser_error(self, e, csource):
+        # xxx look for "<cdef source string>:NUM:" at the start of str(e)
+        # and interpret that as a line number.  This will not work if
+        # the user gives explicit ``# NUM "FILE"`` directives.
+        line = None
+        msg = str(e)
+        match = re.match(r"%s:(\d+):" % (CDEF_SOURCE_STRING,), msg)
+        if match:
+            linenum = int(match.group(1), 10)
+            csourcelines = csource.splitlines()
+            if 1 <= linenum <= len(csourcelines):
+                line = csourcelines[linenum-1]
+        return line
+
+    def convert_pycparser_error(self, e, csource):
+        line = self._convert_pycparser_error(e, csource)
+
+        msg = str(e)
+        if line:
+            msg = 'cannot parse "%s"\n%s' % (line.strip(), msg)
+        else:
+            msg = 'parse error\n%s' % (msg,)
+        raise CDefError(msg)
+
+    def parse(self, csource, override=False, packed=False, pack=None,
+                    dllexport=False):
+        if packed:
+            if packed != True:
+                raise ValueError("'packed' should be False or True; use "
+                                 "'pack' to give another value")
+            if pack:
+                raise ValueError("cannot give both 'pack' and 'packed'")
+            pack = 1
+        elif pack:
+            if pack & (pack - 1):
+                raise ValueError("'pack' must be a power of two, not %r" %
+                    (pack,))
+        else:
+            pack = 0
+        prev_options = self._options
+        try:
+            self._options = {'override': override,
+                             'packed': pack,
+                             'dllexport': dllexport}
+            self._internal_parse(csource)
+        finally:
+            self._options = prev_options
+
+    def _internal_parse(self, csource):
+        ast, macros, csource = self._parse(csource)
+        # add the macros
+        self._process_macros(macros)
+        # find the first "__dotdotdot__" and use that as a separator
+        # between the repeated typedefs and the real csource
+        iterator = iter(ast.ext)
+        for decl in iterator:
+            if decl.name == '__dotdotdot__':
+                break
+        else:
+            assert 0
+        current_decl = None
+        #
+        try:
+            self._inside_extern_python = '__cffi_extern_python_stop'
+            for decl in iterator:
+                current_decl = decl
+                if isinstance(decl, pycparser.c_ast.Decl):
+                    self._parse_decl(decl)
+                elif isinstance(decl, pycparser.c_ast.Typedef):
+                    if not decl.name:
+                        raise CDefError("typedef does not declare any name",
+                                        decl)
+                    quals = 0
+                    if (isinstance(decl.type.type, pycparser.c_ast.IdentifierType) and
+                            decl.type.type.names[-1].startswith('__dotdotdot')):
+                        realtype = self._get_unknown_type(decl)
+                    elif (isinstance(decl.type, pycparser.c_ast.PtrDecl) and
+                          isinstance(decl.type.type, pycparser.c_ast.TypeDecl) and
+                          isinstance(decl.type.type.type,
+                                     pycparser.c_ast.IdentifierType) and
+                          decl.type.type.type.names[-1].startswith('__dotdotdot')):
+                        realtype = self._get_unknown_ptr_type(decl)
+                    else:
+                        realtype, quals = self._get_type_and_quals(
+                            decl.type, name=decl.name, partial_length_ok=True,
+                            typedef_example="*(%s *)0" % (decl.name,))
+                    self._declare('typedef ' + decl.name, realtype, quals=quals)
+                elif decl.__class__.__name__ == 'Pragma':
+                    pass    # skip pragma, only in pycparser 2.15
+                else:
+                    raise CDefError("unexpected <%s>: this construct is valid "
+                                    "C but not valid in cdef()" %
+                                    decl.__class__.__name__, decl)
+        except CDefError as e:
+            if len(e.args) == 1:
+                e.args = e.args + (current_decl,)
+            raise
+        except FFIError as e:
+            msg = self._convert_pycparser_error(e, csource)
+            if msg:
+                e.args = (e.args[0] + "\n    *** Err: %s" % msg,)
+            raise
+
+    def _add_constants(self, key, val):
+        if key in self._int_constants:
+            if self._int_constants[key] == val:
+                return     # ignore identical double declarations
+            raise FFIError(
+                "multiple declarations of constant: %s" % (key,))
+        self._int_constants[key] = val
+
+    def _add_integer_constant(self, name, int_str):
+        int_str = int_str.lower().rstrip("ul")
+        neg = int_str.startswith('-')
+        if neg:
+            int_str = int_str[1:]
+        # "010" is not valid oct in py3
+        if (int_str.startswith("0") and int_str != '0'
+                and not int_str.startswith("0x")):
+            int_str = "0o" + int_str[1:]
+        pyvalue = int(int_str, 0)
+        if neg:
+            pyvalue = -pyvalue
+        self._add_constants(name, pyvalue)
+        self._declare('macro ' + name, pyvalue)
+
+    def _process_macros(self, macros):
+        for key, value in macros.items():
+            value = value.strip()
+            if _r_int_literal.match(value):
+                self._add_integer_constant(key, value)
+            elif value == '...':
+                self._declare('macro ' + key, value)
+            else:
+                raise CDefError(
+                    'only supports one of the following syntax:\n'
+                    '  #define %s ...     (literally dot-dot-dot)\n'
+                    '  #define %s NUMBER  (with NUMBER an integer'
+                                    ' constant, decimal/hex/octal)\n'
+                    'got:\n'
+                    '  #define %s %s'
+                    % (key, key, key, value))
+
+    def _declare_function(self, tp, quals, decl):
+        tp = self._get_type_pointer(tp, quals)
+        if self._options.get('dllexport'):
+            tag = 'dllexport_python '
+        elif self._inside_extern_python == '__cffi_extern_python_start':
+            tag = 'extern_python '
+        elif self._inside_extern_python == '__cffi_extern_python_plus_c_start':
+            tag = 'extern_python_plus_c '
+        else:
+            tag = 'function '
+        self._declare(tag + decl.name, tp)
+
+    def _parse_decl(self, decl):
+        node = decl.type
+        if isinstance(node, pycparser.c_ast.FuncDecl):
+            tp, quals = self._get_type_and_quals(node, name=decl.name)
+            assert isinstance(tp, model.RawFunctionType)
+            self._declare_function(tp, quals, decl)
+        else:
+            if isinstance(node, pycparser.c_ast.Struct):
+                self._get_struct_union_enum_type('struct', node)
+            elif isinstance(node, pycparser.c_ast.Union):
+                self._get_struct_union_enum_type('union', node)
+            elif isinstance(node, pycparser.c_ast.Enum):
+                self._get_struct_union_enum_type('enum', node)
+            elif not decl.name:
+                raise CDefError("construct does not declare any variable",
+                                decl)
+            #
+            if decl.name:
+                tp, quals = self._get_type_and_quals(node,
+                                                     partial_length_ok=True)
+                if tp.is_raw_function:
+                    self._declare_function(tp, quals, decl)
+                elif (tp.is_integer_type() and
+                        hasattr(decl, 'init') and
+                        hasattr(decl.init, 'value') and
+                        _r_int_literal.match(decl.init.value)):
+                    self._add_integer_constant(decl.name, decl.init.value)
+                elif (tp.is_integer_type() and
+                        isinstance(decl.init, pycparser.c_ast.UnaryOp) and
+                        decl.init.op == '-' and
+                        hasattr(decl.init.expr, 'value') and
+                        _r_int_literal.match(decl.init.expr.value)):
+                    self._add_integer_constant(decl.name,
+                                               '-' + decl.init.expr.value)
+                elif (tp is model.void_type and
+                      decl.name.startswith('__cffi_extern_python_')):
+                    # hack: `extern "Python"` in the C source is replaced
+                    # with "void __cffi_extern_python_start;" and
+                    # "void __cffi_extern_python_stop;"
+                    self._inside_extern_python = decl.name
+                else:
+                    if self._inside_extern_python !='__cffi_extern_python_stop':
+                        raise CDefError(
+                            "cannot declare constants or "
+                            "variables with 'extern \"Python\"'")
+                    if (quals & model.Q_CONST) and not tp.is_array_type:
+                        self._declare('constant ' + decl.name, tp, quals=quals)
+                    else:
+                        _warn_for_non_extern_non_static_global_variable(decl)
+                        self._declare('variable ' + decl.name, tp, quals=quals)
+
+    def parse_type(self, cdecl):
+        return self.parse_type_and_quals(cdecl)[0]
+
+    def parse_type_and_quals(self, cdecl):
+        ast, macros = self._parse('void __dummy(\n%s\n);' % cdecl)[:2]
+        assert not macros
+        exprnode = ast.ext[-1].type.args.params[0]
+        if isinstance(exprnode, pycparser.c_ast.ID):
+            raise CDefError("unknown identifier '%s'" % (exprnode.name,))
+        return self._get_type_and_quals(exprnode.type)
+
+    def _declare(self, name, obj, included=False, quals=0):
+        if name in self._declarations:
+            prevobj, prevquals = self._declarations[name]
+            if prevobj is obj and prevquals == quals:
+                return
+            if not self._options.get('override'):
+                raise FFIError(
+                    "multiple declarations of %s (for interactive usage, "
+                    "try cdef(xx, override=True))" % (name,))
+        assert '__dotdotdot__' not in name.split()
+        self._declarations[name] = (obj, quals)
+        if included:
+            self._included_declarations.add(obj)
+
+    def _extract_quals(self, type):
+        quals = 0
+        if isinstance(type, (pycparser.c_ast.TypeDecl,
+                             pycparser.c_ast.PtrDecl)):
+            if 'const' in type.quals:
+                quals |= model.Q_CONST
+            if 'volatile' in type.quals:
+                quals |= model.Q_VOLATILE
+            if 'restrict' in type.quals:
+                quals |= model.Q_RESTRICT
+        return quals
+
+    def _get_type_pointer(self, type, quals, declname=None):
+        if isinstance(type, model.RawFunctionType):
+            return type.as_function_pointer()
+        if (isinstance(type, model.StructOrUnionOrEnum) and
+                type.name.startswith('$') and type.name[1:].isdigit() and
+                type.forcename is None and declname is not None):
+            return model.NamedPointerType(type, declname, quals)
+        return model.PointerType(type, quals)
+
+    def _get_type_and_quals(self, typenode, name=None, partial_length_ok=False,
+                            typedef_example=None):
+        # first, dereference typedefs, if we have it already parsed, we're good
+        if (isinstance(typenode, pycparser.c_ast.TypeDecl) and
+            isinstance(typenode.type, pycparser.c_ast.IdentifierType) and
+            len(typenode.type.names) == 1 and
+            ('typedef ' + typenode.type.names[0]) in self._declarations):
+            tp, quals = self._declarations['typedef ' + typenode.type.names[0]]
+            quals |= self._extract_quals(typenode)
+            return tp, quals
+        #
+        if isinstance(typenode, pycparser.c_ast.ArrayDecl):
+            # array type
+            if typenode.dim is None:
+                length = None
+            else:
+                length = self._parse_constant(
+                    typenode.dim, partial_length_ok=partial_length_ok)
+            # a hack: in 'typedef int foo_t[...][...];', don't use '...' as
+            # the length but use directly the C expression that would be
+            # generated by recompiler.py.  This lets the typedef be used in
+            # many more places within recompiler.py
+            if typedef_example is not None:
+                if length == '...':
+                    length = '_cffi_array_len(%s)' % (typedef_example,)
+                typedef_example = "*" + typedef_example
+            #
+            tp, quals = self._get_type_and_quals(typenode.type,
+                                partial_length_ok=partial_length_ok,
+                                typedef_example=typedef_example)
+            return model.ArrayType(tp, length), quals
+        #
+        if isinstance(typenode, pycparser.c_ast.PtrDecl):
+            # pointer type
+            itemtype, itemquals = self._get_type_and_quals(typenode.type)
+            tp = self._get_type_pointer(itemtype, itemquals, declname=name)
+            quals = self._extract_quals(typenode)
+            return tp, quals
+        #
+        if isinstance(typenode, pycparser.c_ast.TypeDecl):
+            quals = self._extract_quals(typenode)
+            type = typenode.type
+            if isinstance(type, pycparser.c_ast.IdentifierType):
+                # assume a primitive type.  get it from .names, but reduce
+                # synonyms to a single chosen combination
+                names = list(type.names)
+                if names != ['signed', 'char']:    # keep this unmodified
+                    prefixes = {}
+                    while names:
+                        name = names[0]
+                        if name in ('short', 'long', 'signed', 'unsigned'):
+                            prefixes[name] = prefixes.get(name, 0) + 1
+                            del names[0]
+                        else:
+                            break
+                    # ignore the 'signed' prefix below, and reorder the others
+                    newnames = []
+                    for prefix in ('unsigned', 'short', 'long'):
+                        for i in range(prefixes.get(prefix, 0)):
+                            newnames.append(prefix)
+                    if not names:
+                        names = ['int']    # implicitly
+                    if names == ['int']:   # but kill it if 'short' or 'long'
+                        if 'short' in prefixes or 'long' in prefixes:
+                            names = []
+                    names = newnames + names
+                ident = ' '.join(names)
+                if ident == 'void':
+                    return model.void_type, quals
+                if ident == '__dotdotdot__':
+                    raise FFIError(':%d: bad usage of "..."' %
+                            typenode.coord.line)
+                tp0, quals0 = resolve_common_type(self, ident)
+                return tp0, (quals | quals0)
+            #
+            if isinstance(type, pycparser.c_ast.Struct):
+                # 'struct foobar'
+                tp = self._get_struct_union_enum_type('struct', type, name)
+                return tp, quals
+            #
+            if isinstance(type, pycparser.c_ast.Union):
+                # 'union foobar'
+                tp = self._get_struct_union_enum_type('union', type, name)
+                return tp, quals
+            #
+            if isinstance(type, pycparser.c_ast.Enum):
+                # 'enum foobar'
+                tp = self._get_struct_union_enum_type('enum', type, name)
+                return tp, quals
+        #
+        if isinstance(typenode, pycparser.c_ast.FuncDecl):
+            # a function type
+            return self._parse_function_type(typenode, name), 0
+        #
+        # nested anonymous structs or unions end up here
+        if isinstance(typenode, pycparser.c_ast.Struct):
+            return self._get_struct_union_enum_type('struct', typenode, name,
+                                                    nested=True), 0
+        if isinstance(typenode, pycparser.c_ast.Union):
+            return self._get_struct_union_enum_type('union', typenode, name,
+                                                    nested=True), 0
+        #
+        raise FFIError(":%d: bad or unsupported type declaration" %
+                typenode.coord.line)
+
+    def _parse_function_type(self, typenode, funcname=None):
+        params = list(getattr(typenode.args, 'params', []))
+        for i, arg in enumerate(params):
+            if not hasattr(arg, 'type'):
+                raise CDefError("%s arg %d: unknown type '%s'"
+                    " (if you meant to use the old C syntax of giving"
+                    " untyped arguments, it is not supported)"
+                    % (funcname or 'in expression', i + 1,
+                       getattr(arg, 'name', '?')))
+        ellipsis = (
+            len(params) > 0 and
+            isinstance(params[-1].type, pycparser.c_ast.TypeDecl) and
+            isinstance(params[-1].type.type,
+                       pycparser.c_ast.IdentifierType) and
+            params[-1].type.type.names == ['__dotdotdot__'])
+        if ellipsis:
+            params.pop()
+            if not params:
+                raise CDefError(
+                    "%s: a function with only '(...)' as argument"
+                    " is not correct C" % (funcname or 'in expression'))
+        args = [self._as_func_arg(*self._get_type_and_quals(argdeclnode.type))
+                for argdeclnode in params]
+        if not ellipsis and args == [model.void_type]:
+            args = []
+        result, quals = self._get_type_and_quals(typenode.type)
+        # the 'quals' on the result type are ignored.  HACK: we absure them
+        # to detect __stdcall functions: we textually replace "__stdcall"
+        # with "volatile volatile const" above.
+        abi = None
+        if hasattr(typenode.type, 'quals'): # else, probable syntax error anyway
+            if typenode.type.quals[-3:] == ['volatile', 'volatile', 'const']:
+                abi = '__stdcall'
+        return model.RawFunctionType(tuple(args), result, ellipsis, abi)
+
+    def _as_func_arg(self, type, quals):
+        if isinstance(type, model.ArrayType):
+            return model.PointerType(type.item, quals)
+        elif isinstance(type, model.RawFunctionType):
+            return type.as_function_pointer()
+        else:
+            return type
+
+    def _get_struct_union_enum_type(self, kind, type, name=None, nested=False):
+        # First, a level of caching on the exact 'type' node of the AST.
+        # This is obscure, but needed because pycparser "unrolls" declarations
+        # such as "typedef struct { } foo_t, *foo_p" and we end up with
+        # an AST that is not a tree, but a DAG, with the "type" node of the
+        # two branches foo_t and foo_p of the trees being the same node.
+        # It's a bit silly but detecting "DAG-ness" in the AST tree seems
+        # to be the only way to distinguish this case from two independent
+        # structs.  See test_struct_with_two_usages.
+        try:
+            return self._structnode2type[type]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        #
+        # Note that this must handle parsing "struct foo" any number of
+        # times and always return the same StructType object.  Additionally,
+        # one of these times (not necessarily the first), the fields of
+        # the struct can be specified with "struct foo { ...fields... }".
+        # If no name is given, then we have to create a new anonymous struct
+        # with no caching; in this case, the fields are either specified
+        # right now or never.
+        #
+        force_name = name
+        name = type.name
+        #
+        # get the type or create it if needed
+        if name is None:
+            # 'force_name' is used to guess a more readable name for
+            # anonymous structs, for the common case "typedef struct { } foo".
+            if force_name is not None:
+                explicit_name = '$%s' % force_name
+            else:
+                self._anonymous_counter += 1
+                explicit_name = '$%d' % self._anonymous_counter
+            tp = None
+        else:
+            explicit_name = name
+            key = '%s %s' % (kind, name)
+            tp, _ = self._declarations.get(key, (None, None))
+        #
+        if tp is None:
+            if kind == 'struct':
+                tp = model.StructType(explicit_name, None, None, None)
+            elif kind == 'union':
+                tp = model.UnionType(explicit_name, None, None, None)
+            elif kind == 'enum':
+                if explicit_name == '__dotdotdot__':
+                    raise CDefError("Enums cannot be declared with ...")
+                tp = self._build_enum_type(explicit_name, type.values)
+            else:
+                raise AssertionError("kind = %r" % (kind,))
+            if name is not None:
+                self._declare(key, tp)
+        else:
+            if kind == 'enum' and type.values is not None:
+                raise NotImplementedError(
+                    "enum %s: the '{}' declaration should appear on the first "
+                    "time the enum is mentioned, not later" % explicit_name)
+        if not tp.forcename:
+            tp.force_the_name(force_name)
+        if tp.forcename and '$' in tp.name:
+            self._declare('anonymous %s' % tp.forcename, tp)
+        #
+        self._structnode2type[type] = tp
+        #
+        # enums: done here
+        if kind == 'enum':
+            return tp
+        #
+        # is there a 'type.decls'?  If yes, then this is the place in the
+        # C sources that declare the fields.  If no, then just return the
+        # existing type, possibly still incomplete.
+        if type.decls is None:
+            return tp
+        #
+        if tp.fldnames is not None:
+            raise CDefError("duplicate declaration of struct %s" % name)
+        fldnames = []
+        fldtypes = []
+        fldbitsize = []
+        fldquals = []
+        for decl in type.decls:
+            if (isinstance(decl.type, pycparser.c_ast.IdentifierType) and
+                    ''.join(decl.type.names) == '__dotdotdot__'):
+                # XXX pycparser is inconsistent: 'names' should be a list
+                # of strings, but is sometimes just one string.  Use
+                # str.join() as a way to cope with both.
+                self._make_partial(tp, nested)
+                continue
+            if decl.bitsize is None:
+                bitsize = -1
+            else:
+                bitsize = self._parse_constant(decl.bitsize)
+            self._partial_length = False
+            type, fqual = self._get_type_and_quals(decl.type,
+                                                   partial_length_ok=True)
+            if self._partial_length:
+                self._make_partial(tp, nested)
+            if isinstance(type, model.StructType) and type.partial:
+                self._make_partial(tp, nested)
+            fldnames.append(decl.name or '')
+            fldtypes.append(type)
+            fldbitsize.append(bitsize)
+            fldquals.append(fqual)
+        tp.fldnames = tuple(fldnames)
+        tp.fldtypes = tuple(fldtypes)
+        tp.fldbitsize = tuple(fldbitsize)
+        tp.fldquals = tuple(fldquals)
+        if fldbitsize != [-1] * len(fldbitsize):
+            if isinstance(tp, model.StructType) and tp.partial:
+                raise NotImplementedError("%s: using both bitfields and '...;'"
+                                          % (tp,))
+        tp.packed = self._options.get('packed')
+        if tp.completed:    # must be re-completed: it is not opaque any more
+            tp.completed = 0
+            self._recomplete.append(tp)
+        return tp
+
+    def _make_partial(self, tp, nested):
+        if not isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
+            raise CDefError("%s cannot be partial" % (tp,))
+        if not tp.has_c_name() and not nested:
+            raise NotImplementedError("%s is partial but has no C name" %(tp,))
+        tp.partial = True
+
+    def _parse_constant(self, exprnode, partial_length_ok=False):
+        # for now, limited to expressions that are an immediate number
+        # or positive/negative number
+        if isinstance(exprnode, pycparser.c_ast.Constant):
+            s = exprnode.value
+            if '0' <= s[0] <= '9':
+                s = s.rstrip('uUlL')
+                try:
+                    if s.startswith('0'):
+                        return int(s, 8)
+                    else:
+                        return int(s, 10)
+                except ValueError:
+                    if len(s) > 1:
+                        if s.lower()[0:2] == '0x':
+                            return int(s, 16)
+                        elif s.lower()[0:2] == '0b':
+                            return int(s, 2)
+                raise CDefError("invalid constant %r" % (s,))
+            elif s[0] == "'" and s[-1] == "'" and (
+                    len(s) == 3 or (len(s) == 4 and s[1] == "\\")):
+                return ord(s[-2])
+            else:
+                raise CDefError("invalid constant %r" % (s,))
+        #
+        if (isinstance(exprnode, pycparser.c_ast.UnaryOp) and
+                exprnode.op == '+'):
+            return self._parse_constant(exprnode.expr)
+        #
+        if (isinstance(exprnode, pycparser.c_ast.UnaryOp) and
+                exprnode.op == '-'):
+            return -self._parse_constant(exprnode.expr)
+        # load previously defined int constant
+        if (isinstance(exprnode, pycparser.c_ast.ID) and
+                exprnode.name in self._int_constants):
+            return self._int_constants[exprnode.name]
+        #
+        if (isinstance(exprnode, pycparser.c_ast.ID) and
+                    exprnode.name == '__dotdotdotarray__'):
+            if partial_length_ok:
+                self._partial_length = True
+                return '...'
+            raise FFIError(":%d: unsupported '[...]' here, cannot derive "
+                           "the actual array length in this context"
+                           % exprnode.coord.line)
+        #
+        if isinstance(exprnode, pycparser.c_ast.BinaryOp):
+            left = self._parse_constant(exprnode.left)
+            right = self._parse_constant(exprnode.right)
+            if exprnode.op == '+':
+                return left + right
+            elif exprnode.op == '-':
+                return left - right
+            elif exprnode.op == '*':
+                return left * right
+            elif exprnode.op == '/':
+                return self._c_div(left, right)
+            elif exprnode.op == '%':
+                return left - self._c_div(left, right) * right
+            elif exprnode.op == '<<':
+                return left << right
+            elif exprnode.op == '>>':
+                return left >> right
+            elif exprnode.op == '&':
+                return left & right
+            elif exprnode.op == '|':
+                return left | right
+            elif exprnode.op == '^':
+                return left ^ right
+        #
+        raise FFIError(":%d: unsupported expression: expected a "
+                       "simple numeric constant" % exprnode.coord.line)
+
+    def _c_div(self, a, b):
+        result = a // b
+        if ((a < 0) ^ (b < 0)) and (a % b) != 0:
+            result += 1
+        return result
+
+    def _build_enum_type(self, explicit_name, decls):
+        if decls is not None:
+            partial = False
+            enumerators = []
+            enumvalues = []
+            nextenumvalue = 0
+            for enum in decls.enumerators:
+                if _r_enum_dotdotdot.match(enum.name):
+                    partial = True
+                    continue
+                if enum.value is not None:
+                    nextenumvalue = self._parse_constant(enum.value)
+                enumerators.append(enum.name)
+                enumvalues.append(nextenumvalue)
+                self._add_constants(enum.name, nextenumvalue)
+                nextenumvalue += 1
+            enumerators = tuple(enumerators)
+            enumvalues = tuple(enumvalues)
+            tp = model.EnumType(explicit_name, enumerators, enumvalues)
+            tp.partial = partial
+        else:   # opaque enum
+            tp = model.EnumType(explicit_name, (), ())
+        return tp
+
+    def include(self, other):
+        for name, (tp, quals) in other._declarations.items():
+            if name.startswith('anonymous $enum_$'):
+                continue   # fix for test_anonymous_enum_include
+            kind = name.split(' ', 1)[0]
+            if kind in ('struct', 'union', 'enum', 'anonymous', 'typedef'):
+                self._declare(name, tp, included=True, quals=quals)
+        for k, v in other._int_constants.items():
+            self._add_constants(k, v)
+
+    def _get_unknown_type(self, decl):
+        typenames = decl.type.type.names
+        if typenames == ['__dotdotdot__']:
+            return model.unknown_type(decl.name)
+
+        if typenames == ['__dotdotdotint__']:
+            if self._uses_new_feature is None:
+                self._uses_new_feature = "'typedef int... %s'" % decl.name
+            return model.UnknownIntegerType(decl.name)
+
+        if typenames == ['__dotdotdotfloat__']:
+            # note: not for 'long double' so far
+            if self._uses_new_feature is None:
+                self._uses_new_feature = "'typedef float... %s'" % decl.name
+            return model.UnknownFloatType(decl.name)
+
+        raise FFIError(':%d: unsupported usage of "..." in typedef'
+                       % decl.coord.line)
+
+    def _get_unknown_ptr_type(self, decl):
+        if decl.type.type.type.names == ['__dotdotdot__']:
+            return model.unknown_ptr_type(decl.name)
+        raise FFIError(':%d: unsupported usage of "..." in typedef'
+                       % decl.coord.line)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/error.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/error.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a27247
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/error.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+
+class FFIError(Exception):
+    __module__ = 'cffi'
+
+class CDefError(Exception):
+    __module__ = 'cffi'
+    def __str__(self):
+        try:
+            current_decl = self.args[1]
+            filename = current_decl.coord.file
+            linenum = current_decl.coord.line
+            prefix = '%s:%d: ' % (filename, linenum)
+        except (AttributeError, TypeError, IndexError):
+            prefix = ''
+        return '%s%s' % (prefix, self.args[0])
+
+class VerificationError(Exception):
+    """ An error raised when verification fails
+    """
+    __module__ = 'cffi'
+
+class VerificationMissing(Exception):
+    """ An error raised when incomplete structures are passed into
+    cdef, but no verification has been done
+    """
+    __module__ = 'cffi'
+
+class PkgConfigError(Exception):
+    """ An error raised for missing modules in pkg-config
+    """
+    __module__ = 'cffi'
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/ffiplatform.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/ffiplatform.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8531346
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/ffiplatform.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import sys, os
+from .error import VerificationError
+
+
+LIST_OF_FILE_NAMES = ['sources', 'include_dirs', 'library_dirs',
+                      'extra_objects', 'depends']
+
+def get_extension(srcfilename, modname, sources=(), **kwds):
+    _hack_at_distutils()
+    from distutils.core import Extension
+    allsources = [srcfilename]
+    for src in sources:
+        allsources.append(os.path.normpath(src))
+    return Extension(name=modname, sources=allsources, **kwds)
+
+def compile(tmpdir, ext, compiler_verbose=0, debug=None):
+    """Compile a C extension module using distutils."""
+
+    _hack_at_distutils()
+    saved_environ = os.environ.copy()
+    try:
+        outputfilename = _build(tmpdir, ext, compiler_verbose, debug)
+        outputfilename = os.path.abspath(outputfilename)
+    finally:
+        # workaround for a distutils bugs where some env vars can
+        # become longer and longer every time it is used
+        for key, value in saved_environ.items():
+            if os.environ.get(key) != value:
+                os.environ[key] = value
+    return outputfilename
+
+def _build(tmpdir, ext, compiler_verbose=0, debug=None):
+    # XXX compact but horrible :-(
+    from distutils.core import Distribution
+    import distutils.errors, distutils.log
+    #
+    dist = Distribution({'ext_modules': [ext]})
+    dist.parse_config_files()
+    options = dist.get_option_dict('build_ext')
+    if debug is None:
+        debug = sys.flags.debug
+    options['debug'] = ('ffiplatform', debug)
+    options['force'] = ('ffiplatform', True)
+    options['build_lib'] = ('ffiplatform', tmpdir)
+    options['build_temp'] = ('ffiplatform', tmpdir)
+    #
+    try:
+        old_level = distutils.log.set_threshold(0) or 0
+        try:
+            distutils.log.set_verbosity(compiler_verbose)
+            dist.run_command('build_ext')
+            cmd_obj = dist.get_command_obj('build_ext')
+            [soname] = cmd_obj.get_outputs()
+        finally:
+            distutils.log.set_threshold(old_level)
+    except (distutils.errors.CompileError,
+            distutils.errors.LinkError) as e:
+        raise VerificationError('%s: %s' % (e.__class__.__name__, e))
+    #
+    return soname
+
+try:
+    from os.path import samefile
+except ImportError:
+    def samefile(f1, f2):
+        return os.path.abspath(f1) == os.path.abspath(f2)
+
+def maybe_relative_path(path):
+    if not os.path.isabs(path):
+        return path      # already relative
+    dir = path
+    names = []
+    while True:
+        prevdir = dir
+        dir, name = os.path.split(prevdir)
+        if dir == prevdir or not dir:
+            return path     # failed to make it relative
+        names.append(name)
+        try:
+            if samefile(dir, os.curdir):
+                names.reverse()
+                return os.path.join(*names)
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+# ____________________________________________________________
+
+try:
+    int_or_long = (int, long)
+    import cStringIO
+except NameError:
+    int_or_long = int      # Python 3
+    import io as cStringIO
+
+def _flatten(x, f):
+    if isinstance(x, str):
+        f.write('%ds%s' % (len(x), x))
+    elif isinstance(x, dict):
+        keys = sorted(x.keys())
+        f.write('%dd' % len(keys))
+        for key in keys:
+            _flatten(key, f)
+            _flatten(x[key], f)
+    elif isinstance(x, (list, tuple)):
+        f.write('%dl' % len(x))
+        for value in x:
+            _flatten(value, f)
+    elif isinstance(x, int_or_long):
+        f.write('%di' % (x,))
+    else:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "the keywords to verify() contains unsupported object %r" % (x,))
+
+def flatten(x):
+    f = cStringIO.StringIO()
+    _flatten(x, f)
+    return f.getvalue()
+
+def _hack_at_distutils():
+    # Windows-only workaround for some configurations: see
+    # https://bugs.python.org/issue23246 (Python 2.7 with 
+    # a specific MS compiler suite download)
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        try:
+            import setuptools    # for side-effects, patches distutils
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/lock.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/lock.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db91b71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/lock.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import sys
+
+if sys.version_info < (3,):
+    try:
+        from thread import allocate_lock
+    except ImportError:
+        from dummy_thread import allocate_lock
+else:
+    try:
+        from _thread import allocate_lock
+    except ImportError:
+        from _dummy_thread import allocate_lock
+
+
+##import sys
+##l1 = allocate_lock
+
+##class allocate_lock(object):
+##    def __init__(self):
+##        self._real = l1()
+##    def __enter__(self):
+##        for i in range(4, 0, -1):
+##            print sys._getframe(i).f_code
+##        print
+##        return self._real.__enter__()
+##    def __exit__(self, *args):
+##        return self._real.__exit__(*args)
+##    def acquire(self, f):
+##        assert f is False
+##        return self._real.acquire(f)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/model.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/model.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad1c176
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,617 @@
+import types
+import weakref
+
+from .lock import allocate_lock
+from .error import CDefError, VerificationError, VerificationMissing
+
+# type qualifiers
+Q_CONST    = 0x01
+Q_RESTRICT = 0x02
+Q_VOLATILE = 0x04
+
+def qualify(quals, replace_with):
+    if quals & Q_CONST:
+        replace_with = ' const ' + replace_with.lstrip()
+    if quals & Q_VOLATILE:
+        replace_with = ' volatile ' + replace_with.lstrip()
+    if quals & Q_RESTRICT:
+        # It seems that __restrict is supported by gcc and msvc.
+        # If you hit some different compiler, add a #define in
+        # _cffi_include.h for it (and in its copies, documented there)
+        replace_with = ' __restrict ' + replace_with.lstrip()
+    return replace_with
+
+
+class BaseTypeByIdentity(object):
+    is_array_type = False
+    is_raw_function = False
+
+    def get_c_name(self, replace_with='', context='a C file', quals=0):
+        result = self.c_name_with_marker
+        assert result.count('&') == 1
+        # some logic duplication with ffi.getctype()... :-(
+        replace_with = replace_with.strip()
+        if replace_with:
+            if replace_with.startswith('*') and '&[' in result:
+                replace_with = '(%s)' % replace_with
+            elif not replace_with[0] in '[(':
+                replace_with = ' ' + replace_with
+        replace_with = qualify(quals, replace_with)
+        result = result.replace('&', replace_with)
+        if '$' in result:
+            raise VerificationError(
+                "cannot generate '%s' in %s: unknown type name"
+                % (self._get_c_name(), context))
+        return result
+
+    def _get_c_name(self):
+        return self.c_name_with_marker.replace('&', '')
+
+    def has_c_name(self):
+        return '$' not in self._get_c_name()
+
+    def is_integer_type(self):
+        return False
+
+    def get_cached_btype(self, ffi, finishlist, can_delay=False):
+        try:
+            BType = ffi._cached_btypes[self]
+        except KeyError:
+            BType = self.build_backend_type(ffi, finishlist)
+            BType2 = ffi._cached_btypes.setdefault(self, BType)
+            assert BType2 is BType
+        return BType
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<%s>' % (self._get_c_name(),)
+
+    def _get_items(self):
+        return [(name, getattr(self, name)) for name in self._attrs_]
+
+
+class BaseType(BaseTypeByIdentity):
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return (self.__class__ == other.__class__ and
+                self._get_items() == other._get_items())
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash((self.__class__, tuple(self._get_items())))
+
+
+class VoidType(BaseType):
+    _attrs_ = ()
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.c_name_with_marker = 'void&'
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        return global_cache(self, ffi, 'new_void_type')
+
+void_type = VoidType()
+
+
+class BasePrimitiveType(BaseType):
+    def is_complex_type(self):
+        return False
+
+
+class PrimitiveType(BasePrimitiveType):
+    _attrs_ = ('name',)
+
+    ALL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES = {
+        'char':               'c',
+        'short':              'i',
+        'int':                'i',
+        'long':               'i',
+        'long long':          'i',
+        'signed char':        'i',
+        'unsigned char':      'i',
+        'unsigned short':     'i',
+        'unsigned int':       'i',
+        'unsigned long':      'i',
+        'unsigned long long': 'i',
+        'float':              'f',
+        'double':             'f',
+        'long double':        'f',
+        'float _Complex':     'j',
+        'double _Complex':    'j',
+        '_Bool':              'i',
+        # the following types are not primitive in the C sense
+        'wchar_t':            'c',
+        'char16_t':           'c',
+        'char32_t':           'c',
+        'int8_t':             'i',
+        'uint8_t':            'i',
+        'int16_t':            'i',
+        'uint16_t':           'i',
+        'int32_t':            'i',
+        'uint32_t':           'i',
+        'int64_t':            'i',
+        'uint64_t':           'i',
+        'int_least8_t':       'i',
+        'uint_least8_t':      'i',
+        'int_least16_t':      'i',
+        'uint_least16_t':     'i',
+        'int_least32_t':      'i',
+        'uint_least32_t':     'i',
+        'int_least64_t':      'i',
+        'uint_least64_t':     'i',
+        'int_fast8_t':        'i',
+        'uint_fast8_t':       'i',
+        'int_fast16_t':       'i',
+        'uint_fast16_t':      'i',
+        'int_fast32_t':       'i',
+        'uint_fast32_t':      'i',
+        'int_fast64_t':       'i',
+        'uint_fast64_t':      'i',
+        'intptr_t':           'i',
+        'uintptr_t':          'i',
+        'intmax_t':           'i',
+        'uintmax_t':          'i',
+        'ptrdiff_t':          'i',
+        'size_t':             'i',
+        'ssize_t':            'i',
+        }
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        assert name in self.ALL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES
+        self.name = name
+        self.c_name_with_marker = name + '&'
+
+    def is_char_type(self):
+        return self.ALL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES[self.name] == 'c'
+    def is_integer_type(self):
+        return self.ALL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES[self.name] == 'i'
+    def is_float_type(self):
+        return self.ALL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES[self.name] == 'f'
+    def is_complex_type(self):
+        return self.ALL_PRIMITIVE_TYPES[self.name] == 'j'
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        return global_cache(self, ffi, 'new_primitive_type', self.name)
+
+
+class UnknownIntegerType(BasePrimitiveType):
+    _attrs_ = ('name',)
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+        self.c_name_with_marker = name + '&'
+
+    def is_integer_type(self):
+        return True
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        raise NotImplementedError("integer type '%s' can only be used after "
+                                  "compilation" % self.name)
+
+class UnknownFloatType(BasePrimitiveType):
+    _attrs_ = ('name', )
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+        self.c_name_with_marker = name + '&'
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        raise NotImplementedError("float type '%s' can only be used after "
+                                  "compilation" % self.name)
+
+
+class BaseFunctionType(BaseType):
+    _attrs_ = ('args', 'result', 'ellipsis', 'abi')
+
+    def __init__(self, args, result, ellipsis, abi=None):
+        self.args = args
+        self.result = result
+        self.ellipsis = ellipsis
+        self.abi = abi
+        #
+        reprargs = [arg._get_c_name() for arg in self.args]
+        if self.ellipsis:
+            reprargs.append('...')
+        reprargs = reprargs or ['void']
+        replace_with = self._base_pattern % (', '.join(reprargs),)
+        if abi is not None:
+            replace_with = replace_with[:1] + abi + ' ' + replace_with[1:]
+        self.c_name_with_marker = (
+            self.result.c_name_with_marker.replace('&', replace_with))
+
+
+class RawFunctionType(BaseFunctionType):
+    # Corresponds to a C type like 'int(int)', which is the C type of
+    # a function, but not a pointer-to-function.  The backend has no
+    # notion of such a type; it's used temporarily by parsing.
+    _base_pattern = '(&)(%s)'
+    is_raw_function = True
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        raise CDefError("cannot render the type %r: it is a function "
+                        "type, not a pointer-to-function type" % (self,))
+
+    def as_function_pointer(self):
+        return FunctionPtrType(self.args, self.result, self.ellipsis, self.abi)
+
+
+class FunctionPtrType(BaseFunctionType):
+    _base_pattern = '(*&)(%s)'
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        result = self.result.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist)
+        args = []
+        for tp in self.args:
+            args.append(tp.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist))
+        abi_args = ()
+        if self.abi == "__stdcall":
+            if not self.ellipsis:    # __stdcall ignored for variadic funcs
+                try:
+                    abi_args = (ffi._backend.FFI_STDCALL,)
+                except AttributeError:
+                    pass
+        return global_cache(self, ffi, 'new_function_type',
+                            tuple(args), result, self.ellipsis, *abi_args)
+
+    def as_raw_function(self):
+        return RawFunctionType(self.args, self.result, self.ellipsis, self.abi)
+
+
+class PointerType(BaseType):
+    _attrs_ = ('totype', 'quals')
+
+    def __init__(self, totype, quals=0):
+        self.totype = totype
+        self.quals = quals
+        extra = qualify(quals, " *&")
+        if totype.is_array_type:
+            extra = "(%s)" % (extra.lstrip(),)
+        self.c_name_with_marker = totype.c_name_with_marker.replace('&', extra)
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        BItem = self.totype.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist, can_delay=True)
+        return global_cache(self, ffi, 'new_pointer_type', BItem)
+
+voidp_type = PointerType(void_type)
+
+def ConstPointerType(totype):
+    return PointerType(totype, Q_CONST)
+
+const_voidp_type = ConstPointerType(void_type)
+
+
+class NamedPointerType(PointerType):
+    _attrs_ = ('totype', 'name')
+
+    def __init__(self, totype, name, quals=0):
+        PointerType.__init__(self, totype, quals)
+        self.name = name
+        self.c_name_with_marker = name + '&'
+
+
+class ArrayType(BaseType):
+    _attrs_ = ('item', 'length')
+    is_array_type = True
+
+    def __init__(self, item, length):
+        self.item = item
+        self.length = length
+        #
+        if length is None:
+            brackets = '&[]'
+        elif length == '...':
+            brackets = '&[/*...*/]'
+        else:
+            brackets = '&[%s]' % length
+        self.c_name_with_marker = (
+            self.item.c_name_with_marker.replace('&', brackets))
+
+    def length_is_unknown(self):
+        return isinstance(self.length, str)
+
+    def resolve_length(self, newlength):
+        return ArrayType(self.item, newlength)
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        if self.length_is_unknown():
+            raise CDefError("cannot render the type %r: unknown length" %
+                            (self,))
+        self.item.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist)   # force the item BType
+        BPtrItem = PointerType(self.item).get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist)
+        return global_cache(self, ffi, 'new_array_type', BPtrItem, self.length)
+
+char_array_type = ArrayType(PrimitiveType('char'), None)
+
+
+class StructOrUnionOrEnum(BaseTypeByIdentity):
+    _attrs_ = ('name',)
+    forcename = None
+
+    def build_c_name_with_marker(self):
+        name = self.forcename or '%s %s' % (self.kind, self.name)
+        self.c_name_with_marker = name + '&'
+
+    def force_the_name(self, forcename):
+        self.forcename = forcename
+        self.build_c_name_with_marker()
+
+    def get_official_name(self):
+        assert self.c_name_with_marker.endswith('&')
+        return self.c_name_with_marker[:-1]
+
+
+class StructOrUnion(StructOrUnionOrEnum):
+    fixedlayout = None
+    completed = 0
+    partial = False
+    packed = 0
+
+    def __init__(self, name, fldnames, fldtypes, fldbitsize, fldquals=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.fldnames = fldnames
+        self.fldtypes = fldtypes
+        self.fldbitsize = fldbitsize
+        self.fldquals = fldquals
+        self.build_c_name_with_marker()
+
+    def anonymous_struct_fields(self):
+        if self.fldtypes is not None:
+            for name, type in zip(self.fldnames, self.fldtypes):
+                if name == '' and isinstance(type, StructOrUnion):
+                    yield type
+
+    def enumfields(self, expand_anonymous_struct_union=True):
+        fldquals = self.fldquals
+        if fldquals is None:
+            fldquals = (0,) * len(self.fldnames)
+        for name, type, bitsize, quals in zip(self.fldnames, self.fldtypes,
+                                              self.fldbitsize, fldquals):
+            if (name == '' and isinstance(type, StructOrUnion)
+                    and expand_anonymous_struct_union):
+                # nested anonymous struct/union
+                for result in type.enumfields():
+                    yield result
+            else:
+                yield (name, type, bitsize, quals)
+
+    def force_flatten(self):
+        # force the struct or union to have a declaration that lists
+        # directly all fields returned by enumfields(), flattening
+        # nested anonymous structs/unions.
+        names = []
+        types = []
+        bitsizes = []
+        fldquals = []
+        for name, type, bitsize, quals in self.enumfields():
+            names.append(name)
+            types.append(type)
+            bitsizes.append(bitsize)
+            fldquals.append(quals)
+        self.fldnames = tuple(names)
+        self.fldtypes = tuple(types)
+        self.fldbitsize = tuple(bitsizes)
+        self.fldquals = tuple(fldquals)
+
+    def get_cached_btype(self, ffi, finishlist, can_delay=False):
+        BType = StructOrUnionOrEnum.get_cached_btype(self, ffi, finishlist,
+                                                     can_delay)
+        if not can_delay:
+            self.finish_backend_type(ffi, finishlist)
+        return BType
+
+    def finish_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        if self.completed:
+            if self.completed != 2:
+                raise NotImplementedError("recursive structure declaration "
+                                          "for '%s'" % (self.name,))
+            return
+        BType = ffi._cached_btypes[self]
+        #
+        self.completed = 1
+        #
+        if self.fldtypes is None:
+            pass    # not completing it: it's an opaque struct
+            #
+        elif self.fixedlayout is None:
+            fldtypes = [tp.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist)
+                        for tp in self.fldtypes]
+            lst = list(zip(self.fldnames, fldtypes, self.fldbitsize))
+            extra_flags = ()
+            if self.packed:
+                if self.packed == 1:
+                    extra_flags = (8,)    # SF_PACKED
+                else:
+                    extra_flags = (0, self.packed)
+            ffi._backend.complete_struct_or_union(BType, lst, self,
+                                                  -1, -1, *extra_flags)
+            #
+        else:
+            fldtypes = []
+            fieldofs, fieldsize, totalsize, totalalignment = self.fixedlayout
+            for i in range(len(self.fldnames)):
+                fsize = fieldsize[i]
+                ftype = self.fldtypes[i]
+                #
+                if isinstance(ftype, ArrayType) and ftype.length_is_unknown():
+                    # fix the length to match the total size
+                    BItemType = ftype.item.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist)
+                    nlen, nrest = divmod(fsize, ffi.sizeof(BItemType))
+                    if nrest != 0:
+                        self._verification_error(
+                            "field '%s.%s' has a bogus size?" % (
+                            self.name, self.fldnames[i] or '{}'))
+                    ftype = ftype.resolve_length(nlen)
+                    self.fldtypes = (self.fldtypes[:i] + (ftype,) +
+                                     self.fldtypes[i+1:])
+                #
+                BFieldType = ftype.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist)
+                if isinstance(ftype, ArrayType) and ftype.length is None:
+                    assert fsize == 0
+                else:
+                    bitemsize = ffi.sizeof(BFieldType)
+                    if bitemsize != fsize:
+                        self._verification_error(
+                            "field '%s.%s' is declared as %d bytes, but is "
+                            "really %d bytes" % (self.name,
+                                                 self.fldnames[i] or '{}',
+                                                 bitemsize, fsize))
+                fldtypes.append(BFieldType)
+            #
+            lst = list(zip(self.fldnames, fldtypes, self.fldbitsize, fieldofs))
+            ffi._backend.complete_struct_or_union(BType, lst, self,
+                                                  totalsize, totalalignment)
+        self.completed = 2
+
+    def _verification_error(self, msg):
+        raise VerificationError(msg)
+
+    def check_not_partial(self):
+        if self.partial and self.fixedlayout is None:
+            raise VerificationMissing(self._get_c_name())
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        self.check_not_partial()
+        finishlist.append(self)
+        #
+        return global_cache(self, ffi, 'new_%s_type' % self.kind,
+                            self.get_official_name(), key=self)
+
+
+class StructType(StructOrUnion):
+    kind = 'struct'
+
+
+class UnionType(StructOrUnion):
+    kind = 'union'
+
+
+class EnumType(StructOrUnionOrEnum):
+    kind = 'enum'
+    partial = False
+    partial_resolved = False
+
+    def __init__(self, name, enumerators, enumvalues, baseinttype=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.enumerators = enumerators
+        self.enumvalues = enumvalues
+        self.baseinttype = baseinttype
+        self.build_c_name_with_marker()
+
+    def force_the_name(self, forcename):
+        StructOrUnionOrEnum.force_the_name(self, forcename)
+        if self.forcename is None:
+            name = self.get_official_name()
+            self.forcename = '$' + name.replace(' ', '_')
+
+    def check_not_partial(self):
+        if self.partial and not self.partial_resolved:
+            raise VerificationMissing(self._get_c_name())
+
+    def build_backend_type(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        self.check_not_partial()
+        base_btype = self.build_baseinttype(ffi, finishlist)
+        return global_cache(self, ffi, 'new_enum_type',
+                            self.get_official_name(),
+                            self.enumerators, self.enumvalues,
+                            base_btype, key=self)
+
+    def build_baseinttype(self, ffi, finishlist):
+        if self.baseinttype is not None:
+            return self.baseinttype.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist)
+        #
+        if self.enumvalues:
+            smallest_value = min(self.enumvalues)
+            largest_value = max(self.enumvalues)
+        else:
+            import warnings
+            try:
+                # XXX!  The goal is to ensure that the warnings.warn()
+                # will not suppress the warning.  We want to get it
+                # several times if we reach this point several times.
+                __warningregistry__.clear()
+            except NameError:
+                pass
+            warnings.warn("%r has no values explicitly defined; "
+                          "guessing that it is equivalent to 'unsigned int'"
+                          % self._get_c_name())
+            smallest_value = largest_value = 0
+        if smallest_value < 0:   # needs a signed type
+            sign = 1
+            candidate1 = PrimitiveType("int")
+            candidate2 = PrimitiveType("long")
+        else:
+            sign = 0
+            candidate1 = PrimitiveType("unsigned int")
+            candidate2 = PrimitiveType("unsigned long")
+        btype1 = candidate1.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist)
+        btype2 = candidate2.get_cached_btype(ffi, finishlist)
+        size1 = ffi.sizeof(btype1)
+        size2 = ffi.sizeof(btype2)
+        if (smallest_value >= ((-1) << (8*size1-1)) and
+            largest_value < (1 << (8*size1-sign))):
+            return btype1
+        if (smallest_value >= ((-1) << (8*size2-1)) and
+            largest_value < (1 << (8*size2-sign))):
+            return btype2
+        raise CDefError("%s values don't all fit into either 'long' "
+                        "or 'unsigned long'" % self._get_c_name())
+
+def unknown_type(name, structname=None):
+    if structname is None:
+        structname = '$%s' % name
+    tp = StructType(structname, None, None, None)
+    tp.force_the_name(name)
+    tp.origin = "unknown_type"
+    return tp
+
+def unknown_ptr_type(name, structname=None):
+    if structname is None:
+        structname = '$$%s' % name
+    tp = StructType(structname, None, None, None)
+    return NamedPointerType(tp, name)
+
+
+global_lock = allocate_lock()
+_typecache_cffi_backend = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
+
+def get_typecache(backend):
+    # returns _typecache_cffi_backend if backend is the _cffi_backend
+    # module, or type(backend).__typecache if backend is an instance of
+    # CTypesBackend (or some FakeBackend class during tests)
+    if isinstance(backend, types.ModuleType):
+        return _typecache_cffi_backend
+    with global_lock:
+        if not hasattr(type(backend), '__typecache'):
+            type(backend).__typecache = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
+        return type(backend).__typecache
+
+def global_cache(srctype, ffi, funcname, *args, **kwds):
+    key = kwds.pop('key', (funcname, args))
+    assert not kwds
+    try:
+        return ffi._typecache[key]
+    except KeyError:
+        pass
+    try:
+        res = getattr(ffi._backend, funcname)(*args)
+    except NotImplementedError as e:
+        raise NotImplementedError("%s: %r: %s" % (funcname, srctype, e))
+    # note that setdefault() on WeakValueDictionary is not atomic
+    # and contains a rare bug (http://bugs.python.org/issue19542);
+    # we have to use a lock and do it ourselves
+    cache = ffi._typecache
+    with global_lock:
+        res1 = cache.get(key)
+        if res1 is None:
+            cache[key] = res
+            return res
+        else:
+            return res1
+
+def pointer_cache(ffi, BType):
+    return global_cache('?', ffi, 'new_pointer_type', BType)
+
+def attach_exception_info(e, name):
+    if e.args and type(e.args[0]) is str:
+        e.args = ('%s: %s' % (name, e.args[0]),) + e.args[1:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/parse_c_type.h b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/parse_c_type.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84e4ef8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/parse_c_type.h
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+
+/* This part is from file 'cffi/parse_c_type.h'.  It is copied at the
+   beginning of C sources generated by CFFI's ffi.set_source(). */
+
+typedef void *_cffi_opcode_t;
+
+#define _CFFI_OP(opcode, arg)   (_cffi_opcode_t)(opcode | (((uintptr_t)(arg)) << 8))
+#define _CFFI_GETOP(cffi_opcode)    ((unsigned char)(uintptr_t)cffi_opcode)
+#define _CFFI_GETARG(cffi_opcode)   (((intptr_t)cffi_opcode) >> 8)
+
+#define _CFFI_OP_PRIMITIVE       1
+#define _CFFI_OP_POINTER         3
+#define _CFFI_OP_ARRAY           5
+#define _CFFI_OP_OPEN_ARRAY      7
+#define _CFFI_OP_STRUCT_UNION    9
+#define _CFFI_OP_ENUM           11
+#define _CFFI_OP_FUNCTION       13
+#define _CFFI_OP_FUNCTION_END   15
+#define _CFFI_OP_NOOP           17
+#define _CFFI_OP_BITFIELD       19
+#define _CFFI_OP_TYPENAME       21
+#define _CFFI_OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_V 23   // varargs
+#define _CFFI_OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_N 25   // noargs
+#define _CFFI_OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_O 27   // O  (i.e. a single arg)
+#define _CFFI_OP_CONSTANT       29
+#define _CFFI_OP_CONSTANT_INT   31
+#define _CFFI_OP_GLOBAL_VAR     33
+#define _CFFI_OP_DLOPEN_FUNC    35
+#define _CFFI_OP_DLOPEN_CONST   37
+#define _CFFI_OP_GLOBAL_VAR_F   39
+#define _CFFI_OP_EXTERN_PYTHON  41
+
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_VOID          0
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_BOOL          1
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_CHAR          2
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_SCHAR         3
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UCHAR         4
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_SHORT         5
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_USHORT        6
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT           7
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT          8
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_LONG          9
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_ULONG        10
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_LONGLONG     11
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_ULONGLONG    12
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_FLOAT        13
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_DOUBLE       14
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_LONGDOUBLE   15
+
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_WCHAR        16
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT8         17
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT8        18
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT16        19
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT16       20
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT32        21
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT32       22
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT64        23
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT64       24
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INTPTR       25
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINTPTR      26
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_PTRDIFF      27
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_SIZE         28
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_SSIZE        29
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT_LEAST8   30
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT_LEAST8  31
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT_LEAST16  32
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT_LEAST16 33
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT_LEAST32  34
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT_LEAST32 35
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT_LEAST64  36
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT_LEAST64 37
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT_FAST8    38
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT_FAST8   39
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT_FAST16   40
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT_FAST16  41
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT_FAST32   42
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT_FAST32  43
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INT_FAST64   44
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINT_FAST64  45
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_INTMAX       46
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_UINTMAX      47
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_FLOATCOMPLEX 48
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_DOUBLECOMPLEX 49
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_CHAR16       50
+#define _CFFI_PRIM_CHAR32       51
+
+#define _CFFI__NUM_PRIM         52
+#define _CFFI__UNKNOWN_PRIM           (-1)
+#define _CFFI__UNKNOWN_FLOAT_PRIM     (-2)
+#define _CFFI__UNKNOWN_LONG_DOUBLE    (-3)
+
+#define _CFFI__IO_FILE_STRUCT         (-1)
+
+
+struct _cffi_global_s {
+    const char *name;
+    void *address;
+    _cffi_opcode_t type_op;
+    void *size_or_direct_fn;  // OP_GLOBAL_VAR: size, or 0 if unknown
+                              // OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_*: addr of direct function
+};
+
+struct _cffi_getconst_s {
+    unsigned long long value;
+    const struct _cffi_type_context_s *ctx;
+    int gindex;
+};
+
+struct _cffi_struct_union_s {
+    const char *name;
+    int type_index;          // -> _cffi_types, on a OP_STRUCT_UNION
+    int flags;               // _CFFI_F_* flags below
+    size_t size;
+    int alignment;
+    int first_field_index;   // -> _cffi_fields array
+    int num_fields;
+};
+#define _CFFI_F_UNION         0x01   // is a union, not a struct
+#define _CFFI_F_CHECK_FIELDS  0x02   // complain if fields are not in the
+                                     // "standard layout" or if some are missing
+#define _CFFI_F_PACKED        0x04   // for CHECK_FIELDS, assume a packed struct
+#define _CFFI_F_EXTERNAL      0x08   // in some other ffi.include()
+#define _CFFI_F_OPAQUE        0x10   // opaque
+
+struct _cffi_field_s {
+    const char *name;
+    size_t field_offset;
+    size_t field_size;
+    _cffi_opcode_t field_type_op;
+};
+
+struct _cffi_enum_s {
+    const char *name;
+    int type_index;          // -> _cffi_types, on a OP_ENUM
+    int type_prim;           // _CFFI_PRIM_xxx
+    const char *enumerators; // comma-delimited string
+};
+
+struct _cffi_typename_s {
+    const char *name;
+    int type_index;   /* if opaque, points to a possibly artificial
+                         OP_STRUCT which is itself opaque */
+};
+
+struct _cffi_type_context_s {
+    _cffi_opcode_t *types;
+    const struct _cffi_global_s *globals;
+    const struct _cffi_field_s *fields;
+    const struct _cffi_struct_union_s *struct_unions;
+    const struct _cffi_enum_s *enums;
+    const struct _cffi_typename_s *typenames;
+    int num_globals;
+    int num_struct_unions;
+    int num_enums;
+    int num_typenames;
+    const char *const *includes;
+    int num_types;
+    int flags;      /* future extension */
+};
+
+struct _cffi_parse_info_s {
+    const struct _cffi_type_context_s *ctx;
+    _cffi_opcode_t *output;
+    unsigned int output_size;
+    size_t error_location;
+    const char *error_message;
+};
+
+struct _cffi_externpy_s {
+    const char *name;
+    size_t size_of_result;
+    void *reserved1, *reserved2;
+};
+
+#ifdef _CFFI_INTERNAL
+static int parse_c_type(struct _cffi_parse_info_s *info, const char *input);
+static int search_in_globals(const struct _cffi_type_context_s *ctx,
+                             const char *search, size_t search_len);
+static int search_in_struct_unions(const struct _cffi_type_context_s *ctx,
+                                   const char *search, size_t search_len);
+#endif
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/pkgconfig.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/pkgconfig.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c93f15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/pkgconfig.py
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+# pkg-config, https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/pkg-config/ integration for cffi
+import sys, os, subprocess
+
+from .error import PkgConfigError
+
+
+def merge_flags(cfg1, cfg2):
+    """Merge values from cffi config flags cfg2 to cf1
+
+    Example:
+        merge_flags({"libraries": ["one"]}, {"libraries": ["two"]})
+        {"libraries": ["one", "two"]}
+    """
+    for key, value in cfg2.items():
+        if key not in cfg1:
+            cfg1[key] = value
+        else:
+            if not isinstance(cfg1[key], list):
+                raise TypeError("cfg1[%r] should be a list of strings" % (key,))
+            if not isinstance(value, list):
+                raise TypeError("cfg2[%r] should be a list of strings" % (key,))
+            cfg1[key].extend(value)
+    return cfg1
+
+
+def call(libname, flag, encoding=sys.getfilesystemencoding()):
+    """Calls pkg-config and returns the output if found
+    """
+    a = ["pkg-config", "--print-errors"]
+    a.append(flag)
+    a.append(libname)
+    try:
+        pc = subprocess.Popen(a, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+    except EnvironmentError as e:
+        raise PkgConfigError("cannot run pkg-config: %s" % (str(e).strip(),))
+
+    bout, berr = pc.communicate()
+    if pc.returncode != 0:
+        try:
+            berr = berr.decode(encoding)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        raise PkgConfigError(berr.strip())
+
+    if sys.version_info >= (3,) and not isinstance(bout, str):   # Python 3.x
+        try:
+            bout = bout.decode(encoding)
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            raise PkgConfigError("pkg-config %s %s returned bytes that cannot "
+                                 "be decoded with encoding %r:\n%r" %
+                                 (flag, libname, encoding, bout))
+
+    if os.altsep != '\\' and '\\' in bout:
+        raise PkgConfigError("pkg-config %s %s returned an unsupported "
+                             "backslash-escaped output:\n%r" %
+                             (flag, libname, bout))
+    return bout
+
+
+def flags_from_pkgconfig(libs):
+    r"""Return compiler line flags for FFI.set_source based on pkg-config output
+
+    Usage
+        ...
+        ffibuilder.set_source("_foo", pkgconfig = ["libfoo", "libbar >= 1.8.3"])
+
+    If pkg-config is installed on build machine, then arguments include_dirs,
+    library_dirs, libraries, define_macros, extra_compile_args and
+    extra_link_args are extended with an output of pkg-config for libfoo and
+    libbar.
+
+    Raises PkgConfigError in case the pkg-config call fails.
+    """
+
+    def get_include_dirs(string):
+        return [x[2:] for x in string.split() if x.startswith("-I")]
+
+    def get_library_dirs(string):
+        return [x[2:] for x in string.split() if x.startswith("-L")]
+
+    def get_libraries(string):
+        return [x[2:] for x in string.split() if x.startswith("-l")]
+
+    # convert -Dfoo=bar to list of tuples [("foo", "bar")] expected by distutils
+    def get_macros(string):
+        def _macro(x):
+            x = x[2:]    # drop "-D"
+            if '=' in x:
+                return tuple(x.split("=", 1))  # "-Dfoo=bar" => ("foo", "bar")
+            else:
+                return (x, None)               # "-Dfoo" => ("foo", None)
+        return [_macro(x) for x in string.split() if x.startswith("-D")]
+
+    def get_other_cflags(string):
+        return [x for x in string.split() if not x.startswith("-I") and
+                                             not x.startswith("-D")]
+
+    def get_other_libs(string):
+        return [x for x in string.split() if not x.startswith("-L") and
+                                             not x.startswith("-l")]
+
+    # return kwargs for given libname
+    def kwargs(libname):
+        fse = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+        all_cflags = call(libname, "--cflags")
+        all_libs = call(libname, "--libs")
+        return {
+            "include_dirs": get_include_dirs(all_cflags),
+            "library_dirs": get_library_dirs(all_libs),
+            "libraries": get_libraries(all_libs),
+            "define_macros": get_macros(all_cflags),
+            "extra_compile_args": get_other_cflags(all_cflags),
+            "extra_link_args": get_other_libs(all_libs),
+            }
+
+    # merge all arguments together
+    ret = {}
+    for libname in libs:
+        lib_flags = kwargs(libname)
+        merge_flags(ret, lib_flags)
+    return ret
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/recompiler.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/recompiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86b37d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/recompiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1581 @@
+import os, sys, io
+from . import ffiplatform, model
+from .error import VerificationError
+from .cffi_opcode import *
+
+VERSION_BASE = 0x2601
+VERSION_EMBEDDED = 0x2701
+VERSION_CHAR16CHAR32 = 0x2801
+
+USE_LIMITED_API = (sys.platform != 'win32' or sys.version_info < (3, 0) or
+                   sys.version_info >= (3, 5))
+
+
+class GlobalExpr:
+    def __init__(self, name, address, type_op, size=0, check_value=0):
+        self.name = name
+        self.address = address
+        self.type_op = type_op
+        self.size = size
+        self.check_value = check_value
+
+    def as_c_expr(self):
+        return '  { "%s", (void *)%s, %s, (void *)%s },' % (
+            self.name, self.address, self.type_op.as_c_expr(), self.size)
+
+    def as_python_expr(self):
+        return "b'%s%s',%d" % (self.type_op.as_python_bytes(), self.name,
+                               self.check_value)
+
+class FieldExpr:
+    def __init__(self, name, field_offset, field_size, fbitsize, field_type_op):
+        self.name = name
+        self.field_offset = field_offset
+        self.field_size = field_size
+        self.fbitsize = fbitsize
+        self.field_type_op = field_type_op
+
+    def as_c_expr(self):
+        spaces = " " * len(self.name)
+        return ('  { "%s", %s,\n' % (self.name, self.field_offset) +
+                '     %s   %s,\n' % (spaces, self.field_size) +
+                '     %s   %s },' % (spaces, self.field_type_op.as_c_expr()))
+
+    def as_python_expr(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def as_field_python_expr(self):
+        if self.field_type_op.op == OP_NOOP:
+            size_expr = ''
+        elif self.field_type_op.op == OP_BITFIELD:
+            size_expr = format_four_bytes(self.fbitsize)
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+        return "b'%s%s%s'" % (self.field_type_op.as_python_bytes(),
+                              size_expr,
+                              self.name)
+
+class StructUnionExpr:
+    def __init__(self, name, type_index, flags, size, alignment, comment,
+                 first_field_index, c_fields):
+        self.name = name
+        self.type_index = type_index
+        self.flags = flags
+        self.size = size
+        self.alignment = alignment
+        self.comment = comment
+        self.first_field_index = first_field_index
+        self.c_fields = c_fields
+
+    def as_c_expr(self):
+        return ('  { "%s", %d, %s,' % (self.name, self.type_index, self.flags)
+                + '\n    %s, %s, ' % (self.size, self.alignment)
+                + '%d, %d ' % (self.first_field_index, len(self.c_fields))
+                + ('/* %s */ ' % self.comment if self.comment else '')
+                + '},')
+
+    def as_python_expr(self):
+        flags = eval(self.flags, G_FLAGS)
+        fields_expr = [c_field.as_field_python_expr()
+                       for c_field in self.c_fields]
+        return "(b'%s%s%s',%s)" % (
+            format_four_bytes(self.type_index),
+            format_four_bytes(flags),
+            self.name,
+            ','.join(fields_expr))
+
+class EnumExpr:
+    def __init__(self, name, type_index, size, signed, allenums):
+        self.name = name
+        self.type_index = type_index
+        self.size = size
+        self.signed = signed
+        self.allenums = allenums
+
+    def as_c_expr(self):
+        return ('  { "%s", %d, _cffi_prim_int(%s, %s),\n'
+                '    "%s" },' % (self.name, self.type_index,
+                                 self.size, self.signed, self.allenums))
+
+    def as_python_expr(self):
+        prim_index = {
+            (1, 0): PRIM_UINT8,  (1, 1):  PRIM_INT8,
+            (2, 0): PRIM_UINT16, (2, 1):  PRIM_INT16,
+            (4, 0): PRIM_UINT32, (4, 1):  PRIM_INT32,
+            (8, 0): PRIM_UINT64, (8, 1):  PRIM_INT64,
+            }[self.size, self.signed]
+        return "b'%s%s%s\\x00%s'" % (format_four_bytes(self.type_index),
+                                     format_four_bytes(prim_index),
+                                     self.name, self.allenums)
+
+class TypenameExpr:
+    def __init__(self, name, type_index):
+        self.name = name
+        self.type_index = type_index
+
+    def as_c_expr(self):
+        return '  { "%s", %d },' % (self.name, self.type_index)
+
+    def as_python_expr(self):
+        return "b'%s%s'" % (format_four_bytes(self.type_index), self.name)
+
+
+# ____________________________________________________________
+
+
+class Recompiler:
+    _num_externpy = 0
+
+    def __init__(self, ffi, module_name, target_is_python=False):
+        self.ffi = ffi
+        self.module_name = module_name
+        self.target_is_python = target_is_python
+        self._version = VERSION_BASE
+
+    def needs_version(self, ver):
+        self._version = max(self._version, ver)
+
+    def collect_type_table(self):
+        self._typesdict = {}
+        self._generate("collecttype")
+        #
+        all_decls = sorted(self._typesdict, key=str)
+        #
+        # prepare all FUNCTION bytecode sequences first
+        self.cffi_types = []
+        for tp in all_decls:
+            if tp.is_raw_function:
+                assert self._typesdict[tp] is None
+                self._typesdict[tp] = len(self.cffi_types)
+                self.cffi_types.append(tp)     # placeholder
+                for tp1 in tp.args:
+                    assert isinstance(tp1, (model.VoidType,
+                                            model.BasePrimitiveType,
+                                            model.PointerType,
+                                            model.StructOrUnionOrEnum,
+                                            model.FunctionPtrType))
+                    if self._typesdict[tp1] is None:
+                        self._typesdict[tp1] = len(self.cffi_types)
+                    self.cffi_types.append(tp1)   # placeholder
+                self.cffi_types.append('END')     # placeholder
+        #
+        # prepare all OTHER bytecode sequences
+        for tp in all_decls:
+            if not tp.is_raw_function and self._typesdict[tp] is None:
+                self._typesdict[tp] = len(self.cffi_types)
+                self.cffi_types.append(tp)        # placeholder
+                if tp.is_array_type and tp.length is not None:
+                    self.cffi_types.append('LEN') # placeholder
+        assert None not in self._typesdict.values()
+        #
+        # collect all structs and unions and enums
+        self._struct_unions = {}
+        self._enums = {}
+        for tp in all_decls:
+            if isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
+                self._struct_unions[tp] = None
+            elif isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+                self._enums[tp] = None
+        for i, tp in enumerate(sorted(self._struct_unions,
+                                      key=lambda tp: tp.name)):
+            self._struct_unions[tp] = i
+        for i, tp in enumerate(sorted(self._enums,
+                                      key=lambda tp: tp.name)):
+            self._enums[tp] = i
+        #
+        # emit all bytecode sequences now
+        for tp in all_decls:
+            method = getattr(self, '_emit_bytecode_' + tp.__class__.__name__)
+            method(tp, self._typesdict[tp])
+        #
+        # consistency check
+        for op in self.cffi_types:
+            assert isinstance(op, CffiOp)
+        self.cffi_types = tuple(self.cffi_types)    # don't change any more
+
+    def _enum_fields(self, tp):
+        # When producing C, expand all anonymous struct/union fields.
+        # That's necessary to have C code checking the offsets of the
+        # individual fields contained in them.  When producing Python,
+        # don't do it and instead write it like it is, with the
+        # corresponding fields having an empty name.  Empty names are
+        # recognized at runtime when we import the generated Python
+        # file.
+        expand_anonymous_struct_union = not self.target_is_python
+        return tp.enumfields(expand_anonymous_struct_union)
+
+    def _do_collect_type(self, tp):
+        if not isinstance(tp, model.BaseTypeByIdentity):
+            if isinstance(tp, tuple):
+                for x in tp:
+                    self._do_collect_type(x)
+            return
+        if tp not in self._typesdict:
+            self._typesdict[tp] = None
+            if isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType):
+                self._do_collect_type(tp.as_raw_function())
+            elif isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
+                if tp.fldtypes is not None and (
+                        tp not in self.ffi._parser._included_declarations):
+                    for name1, tp1, _, _ in self._enum_fields(tp):
+                        self._do_collect_type(self._field_type(tp, name1, tp1))
+            else:
+                for _, x in tp._get_items():
+                    self._do_collect_type(x)
+
+    def _generate(self, step_name):
+        lst = self.ffi._parser._declarations.items()
+        for name, (tp, quals) in sorted(lst):
+            kind, realname = name.split(' ', 1)
+            try:
+                method = getattr(self, '_generate_cpy_%s_%s' % (kind,
+                                                                step_name))
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise VerificationError(
+                    "not implemented in recompile(): %r" % name)
+            try:
+                self._current_quals = quals
+                method(tp, realname)
+            except Exception as e:
+                model.attach_exception_info(e, name)
+                raise
+
+    # ----------
+
+    ALL_STEPS = ["global", "field", "struct_union", "enum", "typename"]
+
+    def collect_step_tables(self):
+        # collect the declarations for '_cffi_globals', '_cffi_typenames', etc.
+        self._lsts = {}
+        for step_name in self.ALL_STEPS:
+            self._lsts[step_name] = []
+        self._seen_struct_unions = set()
+        self._generate("ctx")
+        self._add_missing_struct_unions()
+        #
+        for step_name in self.ALL_STEPS:
+            lst = self._lsts[step_name]
+            if step_name != "field":
+                lst.sort(key=lambda entry: entry.name)
+            self._lsts[step_name] = tuple(lst)    # don't change any more
+        #
+        # check for a possible internal inconsistency: _cffi_struct_unions
+        # should have been generated with exactly self._struct_unions
+        lst = self._lsts["struct_union"]
+        for tp, i in self._struct_unions.items():
+            assert i < len(lst)
+            assert lst[i].name == tp.name
+        assert len(lst) == len(self._struct_unions)
+        # same with enums
+        lst = self._lsts["enum"]
+        for tp, i in self._enums.items():
+            assert i < len(lst)
+            assert lst[i].name == tp.name
+        assert len(lst) == len(self._enums)
+
+    # ----------
+
+    def _prnt(self, what=''):
+        self._f.write(what + '\n')
+
+    def write_source_to_f(self, f, preamble):
+        if self.target_is_python:
+            assert preamble is None
+            self.write_py_source_to_f(f)
+        else:
+            assert preamble is not None
+            self.write_c_source_to_f(f, preamble)
+
+    def _rel_readlines(self, filename):
+        g = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), filename), 'r')
+        lines = g.readlines()
+        g.close()
+        return lines
+
+    def write_c_source_to_f(self, f, preamble):
+        self._f = f
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        if self.ffi._embedding is not None:
+            prnt('#define _CFFI_USE_EMBEDDING')
+        if not USE_LIMITED_API:
+            prnt('#define _CFFI_NO_LIMITED_API')
+        #
+        # first the '#include' (actually done by inlining the file's content)
+        lines = self._rel_readlines('_cffi_include.h')
+        i = lines.index('#include "parse_c_type.h"\n')
+        lines[i:i+1] = self._rel_readlines('parse_c_type.h')
+        prnt(''.join(lines))
+        #
+        # if we have ffi._embedding != None, we give it here as a macro
+        # and include an extra file
+        base_module_name = self.module_name.split('.')[-1]
+        if self.ffi._embedding is not None:
+            prnt('#define _CFFI_MODULE_NAME  "%s"' % (self.module_name,))
+            prnt('static const char _CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_CODE[] = {')
+            self._print_string_literal_in_array(self.ffi._embedding)
+            prnt('0 };')
+            prnt('#ifdef PYPY_VERSION')
+            prnt('# define _CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_FUNC  _cffi_pypyinit_%s' % (
+                base_module_name,))
+            prnt('#elif PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3')
+            prnt('# define _CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_FUNC  PyInit_%s' % (
+                base_module_name,))
+            prnt('#else')
+            prnt('# define _CFFI_PYTHON_STARTUP_FUNC  init%s' % (
+                base_module_name,))
+            prnt('#endif')
+            lines = self._rel_readlines('_embedding.h')
+            i = lines.index('#include "_cffi_errors.h"\n')
+            lines[i:i+1] = self._rel_readlines('_cffi_errors.h')
+            prnt(''.join(lines))
+            self.needs_version(VERSION_EMBEDDED)
+        #
+        # then paste the C source given by the user, verbatim.
+        prnt('/************************************************************/')
+        prnt()
+        prnt(preamble)
+        prnt()
+        prnt('/************************************************************/')
+        prnt()
+        #
+        # the declaration of '_cffi_types'
+        prnt('static void *_cffi_types[] = {')
+        typeindex2type = dict([(i, tp) for (tp, i) in self._typesdict.items()])
+        for i, op in enumerate(self.cffi_types):
+            comment = ''
+            if i in typeindex2type:
+                comment = ' // ' + typeindex2type[i]._get_c_name()
+            prnt('/* %2d */ %s,%s' % (i, op.as_c_expr(), comment))
+        if not self.cffi_types:
+            prnt('  0')
+        prnt('};')
+        prnt()
+        #
+        # call generate_cpy_xxx_decl(), for every xxx found from
+        # ffi._parser._declarations.  This generates all the functions.
+        self._seen_constants = set()
+        self._generate("decl")
+        #
+        # the declaration of '_cffi_globals' and '_cffi_typenames'
+        nums = {}
+        for step_name in self.ALL_STEPS:
+            lst = self._lsts[step_name]
+            nums[step_name] = len(lst)
+            if nums[step_name] > 0:
+                prnt('static const struct _cffi_%s_s _cffi_%ss[] = {' % (
+                    step_name, step_name))
+                for entry in lst:
+                    prnt(entry.as_c_expr())
+                prnt('};')
+                prnt()
+        #
+        # the declaration of '_cffi_includes'
+        if self.ffi._included_ffis:
+            prnt('static const char * const _cffi_includes[] = {')
+            for ffi_to_include in self.ffi._included_ffis:
+                try:
+                    included_module_name, included_source = (
+                        ffi_to_include._assigned_source[:2])
+                except AttributeError:
+                    raise VerificationError(
+                        "ffi object %r includes %r, but the latter has not "
+                        "been prepared with set_source()" % (
+                            self.ffi, ffi_to_include,))
+                if included_source is None:
+                    raise VerificationError(
+                        "not implemented yet: ffi.include() of a Python-based "
+                        "ffi inside a C-based ffi")
+                prnt('  "%s",' % (included_module_name,))
+            prnt('  NULL')
+            prnt('};')
+            prnt()
+        #
+        # the declaration of '_cffi_type_context'
+        prnt('static const struct _cffi_type_context_s _cffi_type_context = {')
+        prnt('  _cffi_types,')
+        for step_name in self.ALL_STEPS:
+            if nums[step_name] > 0:
+                prnt('  _cffi_%ss,' % step_name)
+            else:
+                prnt('  NULL,  /* no %ss */' % step_name)
+        for step_name in self.ALL_STEPS:
+            if step_name != "field":
+                prnt('  %d,  /* num_%ss */' % (nums[step_name], step_name))
+        if self.ffi._included_ffis:
+            prnt('  _cffi_includes,')
+        else:
+            prnt('  NULL,  /* no includes */')
+        prnt('  %d,  /* num_types */' % (len(self.cffi_types),))
+        flags = 0
+        if self._num_externpy:
+            flags |= 1     # set to mean that we use extern "Python"
+        prnt('  %d,  /* flags */' % flags)
+        prnt('};')
+        prnt()
+        #
+        # the init function
+        prnt('#ifdef __GNUC__')
+        prnt('#  pragma GCC visibility push(default)  /* for -fvisibility= */')
+        prnt('#endif')
+        prnt()
+        prnt('#ifdef PYPY_VERSION')
+        prnt('PyMODINIT_FUNC')
+        prnt('_cffi_pypyinit_%s(const void *p[])' % (base_module_name,))
+        prnt('{')
+        if self._num_externpy:
+            prnt('    if (((intptr_t)p[0]) >= 0x0A03) {')
+            prnt('        _cffi_call_python_org = '
+                 '(void(*)(struct _cffi_externpy_s *, char *))p[1];')
+            prnt('    }')
+        prnt('    p[0] = (const void *)0x%x;' % self._version)
+        prnt('    p[1] = &_cffi_type_context;')
+        prnt('#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3')
+        prnt('    return NULL;')
+        prnt('#endif')
+        prnt('}')
+        # on Windows, distutils insists on putting init_cffi_xyz in
+        # 'export_symbols', so instead of fighting it, just give up and
+        # give it one
+        prnt('#  ifdef _MSC_VER')
+        prnt('     PyMODINIT_FUNC')
+        prnt('#  if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3')
+        prnt('     PyInit_%s(void) { return NULL; }' % (base_module_name,))
+        prnt('#  else')
+        prnt('     init%s(void) { }' % (base_module_name,))
+        prnt('#  endif')
+        prnt('#  endif')
+        prnt('#elif PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3')
+        prnt('PyMODINIT_FUNC')
+        prnt('PyInit_%s(void)' % (base_module_name,))
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  return _cffi_init("%s", 0x%x, &_cffi_type_context);' % (
+            self.module_name, self._version))
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt('#else')
+        prnt('PyMODINIT_FUNC')
+        prnt('init%s(void)' % (base_module_name,))
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  _cffi_init("%s", 0x%x, &_cffi_type_context);' % (
+            self.module_name, self._version))
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt('#endif')
+        prnt()
+        prnt('#ifdef __GNUC__')
+        prnt('#  pragma GCC visibility pop')
+        prnt('#endif')
+        self._version = None
+
+    def _to_py(self, x):
+        if isinstance(x, str):
+            return "b'%s'" % (x,)
+        if isinstance(x, (list, tuple)):
+            rep = [self._to_py(item) for item in x]
+            if len(rep) == 1:
+                rep.append('')
+            return "(%s)" % (','.join(rep),)
+        return x.as_python_expr()  # Py2: unicode unexpected; Py3: bytes unexp.
+
+    def write_py_source_to_f(self, f):
+        self._f = f
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        #
+        # header
+        prnt("# auto-generated file")
+        prnt("import _cffi_backend")
+        #
+        # the 'import' of the included ffis
+        num_includes = len(self.ffi._included_ffis or ())
+        for i in range(num_includes):
+            ffi_to_include = self.ffi._included_ffis[i]
+            try:
+                included_module_name, included_source = (
+                    ffi_to_include._assigned_source[:2])
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise VerificationError(
+                    "ffi object %r includes %r, but the latter has not "
+                    "been prepared with set_source()" % (
+                        self.ffi, ffi_to_include,))
+            if included_source is not None:
+                raise VerificationError(
+                    "not implemented yet: ffi.include() of a C-based "
+                    "ffi inside a Python-based ffi")
+            prnt('from %s import ffi as _ffi%d' % (included_module_name, i))
+        prnt()
+        prnt("ffi = _cffi_backend.FFI('%s'," % (self.module_name,))
+        prnt("    _version = 0x%x," % (self._version,))
+        self._version = None
+        #
+        # the '_types' keyword argument
+        self.cffi_types = tuple(self.cffi_types)    # don't change any more
+        types_lst = [op.as_python_bytes() for op in self.cffi_types]
+        prnt('    _types = %s,' % (self._to_py(''.join(types_lst)),))
+        typeindex2type = dict([(i, tp) for (tp, i) in self._typesdict.items()])
+        #
+        # the keyword arguments from ALL_STEPS
+        for step_name in self.ALL_STEPS:
+            lst = self._lsts[step_name]
+            if len(lst) > 0 and step_name != "field":
+                prnt('    _%ss = %s,' % (step_name, self._to_py(lst)))
+        #
+        # the '_includes' keyword argument
+        if num_includes > 0:
+            prnt('    _includes = (%s,),' % (
+                ', '.join(['_ffi%d' % i for i in range(num_includes)]),))
+        #
+        # the footer
+        prnt(')')
+
+    # ----------
+
+    def _gettypenum(self, type):
+        # a KeyError here is a bug.  please report it! :-)
+        return self._typesdict[type]
+
+    def _convert_funcarg_to_c(self, tp, fromvar, tovar, errcode):
+        extraarg = ''
+        if isinstance(tp, model.BasePrimitiveType) and not tp.is_complex_type():
+            if tp.is_integer_type() and tp.name != '_Bool':
+                converter = '_cffi_to_c_int'
+                extraarg = ', %s' % tp.name
+            elif isinstance(tp, model.UnknownFloatType):
+                # don't check with is_float_type(): it may be a 'long
+                # double' here, and _cffi_to_c_double would loose precision
+                converter = '(%s)_cffi_to_c_double' % (tp.get_c_name(''),)
+            else:
+                cname = tp.get_c_name('')
+                converter = '(%s)_cffi_to_c_%s' % (cname,
+                                                   tp.name.replace(' ', '_'))
+                if cname in ('char16_t', 'char32_t'):
+                    self.needs_version(VERSION_CHAR16CHAR32)
+            errvalue = '-1'
+        #
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.PointerType):
+            self._convert_funcarg_to_c_ptr_or_array(tp, fromvar,
+                                                    tovar, errcode)
+            return
+        #
+        elif (isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnionOrEnum) or
+              isinstance(tp, model.BasePrimitiveType)):
+            # a struct (not a struct pointer) as a function argument;
+            # or, a complex (the same code works)
+            self._prnt('  if (_cffi_to_c((char *)&%s, _cffi_type(%d), %s) < 0)'
+                      % (tovar, self._gettypenum(tp), fromvar))
+            self._prnt('    %s;' % errcode)
+            return
+        #
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType):
+            converter = '(%s)_cffi_to_c_pointer' % tp.get_c_name('')
+            extraarg = ', _cffi_type(%d)' % self._gettypenum(tp)
+            errvalue = 'NULL'
+        #
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError(tp)
+        #
+        self._prnt('  %s = %s(%s%s);' % (tovar, converter, fromvar, extraarg))
+        self._prnt('  if (%s == (%s)%s && PyErr_Occurred())' % (
+            tovar, tp.get_c_name(''), errvalue))
+        self._prnt('    %s;' % errcode)
+
+    def _extra_local_variables(self, tp, localvars, freelines):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.PointerType):
+            localvars.add('Py_ssize_t datasize')
+            localvars.add('struct _cffi_freeme_s *large_args_free = NULL')
+            freelines.add('if (large_args_free != NULL)'
+                          ' _cffi_free_array_arguments(large_args_free);')
+
+    def _convert_funcarg_to_c_ptr_or_array(self, tp, fromvar, tovar, errcode):
+        self._prnt('  datasize = _cffi_prepare_pointer_call_argument(')
+        self._prnt('      _cffi_type(%d), %s, (char **)&%s);' % (
+            self._gettypenum(tp), fromvar, tovar))
+        self._prnt('  if (datasize != 0) {')
+        self._prnt('    %s = ((size_t)datasize) <= 640 ? '
+                   '(%s)alloca((size_t)datasize) : NULL;' % (
+            tovar, tp.get_c_name('')))
+        self._prnt('    if (_cffi_convert_array_argument(_cffi_type(%d), %s, '
+                   '(char **)&%s,' % (self._gettypenum(tp), fromvar, tovar))
+        self._prnt('            datasize, &large_args_free) < 0)')
+        self._prnt('      %s;' % errcode)
+        self._prnt('  }')
+
+    def _convert_expr_from_c(self, tp, var, context):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.BasePrimitiveType):
+            if tp.is_integer_type() and tp.name != '_Bool':
+                return '_cffi_from_c_int(%s, %s)' % (var, tp.name)
+            elif isinstance(tp, model.UnknownFloatType):
+                return '_cffi_from_c_double(%s)' % (var,)
+            elif tp.name != 'long double' and not tp.is_complex_type():
+                cname = tp.name.replace(' ', '_')
+                if cname in ('char16_t', 'char32_t'):
+                    self.needs_version(VERSION_CHAR16CHAR32)
+                return '_cffi_from_c_%s(%s)' % (cname, var)
+            else:
+                return '_cffi_from_c_deref((char *)&%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                    var, self._gettypenum(tp))
+        elif isinstance(tp, (model.PointerType, model.FunctionPtrType)):
+            return '_cffi_from_c_pointer((char *)%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                var, self._gettypenum(tp))
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
+            return '_cffi_from_c_pointer((char *)%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                var, self._gettypenum(model.PointerType(tp.item)))
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
+            if tp.fldnames is None:
+                raise TypeError("'%s' is used as %s, but is opaque" % (
+                    tp._get_c_name(), context))
+            return '_cffi_from_c_struct((char *)&%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                var, self._gettypenum(tp))
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            return '_cffi_from_c_deref((char *)&%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                var, self._gettypenum(tp))
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError(tp)
+
+    # ----------
+    # typedefs
+
+    def _typedef_type(self, tp, name):
+        return self._global_type(tp, "(*(%s *)0)" % (name,))
+
+    def _generate_cpy_typedef_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        self._do_collect_type(self._typedef_type(tp, name))
+
+    def _generate_cpy_typedef_decl(self, tp, name):
+        pass
+
+    def _typedef_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        type_index = self._typesdict[tp]
+        self._lsts["typename"].append(TypenameExpr(name, type_index))
+
+    def _generate_cpy_typedef_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        tp = self._typedef_type(tp, name)
+        self._typedef_ctx(tp, name)
+        if getattr(tp, "origin", None) == "unknown_type":
+            self._struct_ctx(tp, tp.name, approxname=None)
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.NamedPointerType):
+            self._struct_ctx(tp.totype, tp.totype.name, approxname=tp.name,
+                             named_ptr=tp)
+
+    # ----------
+    # function declarations
+
+    def _generate_cpy_function_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        self._do_collect_type(tp.as_raw_function())
+        if tp.ellipsis and not self.target_is_python:
+            self._do_collect_type(tp)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_function_decl(self, tp, name):
+        assert not self.target_is_python
+        assert isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType)
+        if tp.ellipsis:
+            # cannot support vararg functions better than this: check for its
+            # exact type (including the fixed arguments), and build it as a
+            # constant function pointer (no CPython wrapper)
+            self._generate_cpy_constant_decl(tp, name)
+            return
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        numargs = len(tp.args)
+        if numargs == 0:
+            argname = 'noarg'
+        elif numargs == 1:
+            argname = 'arg0'
+        else:
+            argname = 'args'
+        #
+        # ------------------------------
+        # the 'd' version of the function, only for addressof(lib, 'func')
+        arguments = []
+        call_arguments = []
+        context = 'argument of %s' % name
+        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
+            arguments.append(type.get_c_name(' x%d' % i, context))
+            call_arguments.append('x%d' % i)
+        repr_arguments = ', '.join(arguments)
+        repr_arguments = repr_arguments or 'void'
+        if tp.abi:
+            abi = tp.abi + ' '
+        else:
+            abi = ''
+        name_and_arguments = '%s_cffi_d_%s(%s)' % (abi, name, repr_arguments)
+        prnt('static %s' % (tp.result.get_c_name(name_and_arguments),))
+        prnt('{')
+        call_arguments = ', '.join(call_arguments)
+        result_code = 'return '
+        if isinstance(tp.result, model.VoidType):
+            result_code = ''
+        prnt('  %s%s(%s);' % (result_code, name, call_arguments))
+        prnt('}')
+        #
+        prnt('#ifndef PYPY_VERSION')        # ------------------------------
+        #
+        prnt('static PyObject *')
+        prnt('_cffi_f_%s(PyObject *self, PyObject *%s)' % (name, argname))
+        prnt('{')
+        #
+        context = 'argument of %s' % name
+        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
+            arg = type.get_c_name(' x%d' % i, context)
+            prnt('  %s;' % arg)
+        #
+        localvars = set()
+        freelines = set()
+        for type in tp.args:
+            self._extra_local_variables(type, localvars, freelines)
+        for decl in sorted(localvars):
+            prnt('  %s;' % (decl,))
+        #
+        if not isinstance(tp.result, model.VoidType):
+            result_code = 'result = '
+            context = 'result of %s' % name
+            result_decl = '  %s;' % tp.result.get_c_name(' result', context)
+            prnt(result_decl)
+            prnt('  PyObject *pyresult;')
+        else:
+            result_decl = None
+            result_code = ''
+        #
+        if len(tp.args) > 1:
+            rng = range(len(tp.args))
+            for i in rng:
+                prnt('  PyObject *arg%d;' % i)
+            prnt()
+            prnt('  if (!PyArg_UnpackTuple(args, "%s", %d, %d, %s))' % (
+                name, len(rng), len(rng),
+                ', '.join(['&arg%d' % i for i in rng])))
+            prnt('    return NULL;')
+        prnt()
+        #
+        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
+            self._convert_funcarg_to_c(type, 'arg%d' % i, 'x%d' % i,
+                                       'return NULL')
+            prnt()
+        #
+        prnt('  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS')
+        prnt('  _cffi_restore_errno();')
+        call_arguments = ['x%d' % i for i in range(len(tp.args))]
+        call_arguments = ', '.join(call_arguments)
+        prnt('  { %s%s(%s); }' % (result_code, name, call_arguments))
+        prnt('  _cffi_save_errno();')
+        prnt('  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS')
+        prnt()
+        #
+        prnt('  (void)self; /* unused */')
+        if numargs == 0:
+            prnt('  (void)noarg; /* unused */')
+        if result_code:
+            prnt('  pyresult = %s;' %
+                 self._convert_expr_from_c(tp.result, 'result', 'result type'))
+            for freeline in freelines:
+                prnt('  ' + freeline)
+            prnt('  return pyresult;')
+        else:
+            for freeline in freelines:
+                prnt('  ' + freeline)
+            prnt('  Py_INCREF(Py_None);')
+            prnt('  return Py_None;')
+        prnt('}')
+        #
+        prnt('#else')        # ------------------------------
+        #
+        # the PyPy version: need to replace struct/union arguments with
+        # pointers, and if the result is a struct/union, insert a first
+        # arg that is a pointer to the result.  We also do that for
+        # complex args and return type.
+        def need_indirection(type):
+            return (isinstance(type, model.StructOrUnion) or
+                    (isinstance(type, model.PrimitiveType) and
+                     type.is_complex_type()))
+        difference = False
+        arguments = []
+        call_arguments = []
+        context = 'argument of %s' % name
+        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
+            indirection = ''
+            if need_indirection(type):
+                indirection = '*'
+                difference = True
+            arg = type.get_c_name(' %sx%d' % (indirection, i), context)
+            arguments.append(arg)
+            call_arguments.append('%sx%d' % (indirection, i))
+        tp_result = tp.result
+        if need_indirection(tp_result):
+            context = 'result of %s' % name
+            arg = tp_result.get_c_name(' *result', context)
+            arguments.insert(0, arg)
+            tp_result = model.void_type
+            result_decl = None
+            result_code = '*result = '
+            difference = True
+        if difference:
+            repr_arguments = ', '.join(arguments)
+            repr_arguments = repr_arguments or 'void'
+            name_and_arguments = '%s_cffi_f_%s(%s)' % (abi, name,
+                                                       repr_arguments)
+            prnt('static %s' % (tp_result.get_c_name(name_and_arguments),))
+            prnt('{')
+            if result_decl:
+                prnt(result_decl)
+            call_arguments = ', '.join(call_arguments)
+            prnt('  { %s%s(%s); }' % (result_code, name, call_arguments))
+            if result_decl:
+                prnt('  return result;')
+            prnt('}')
+        else:
+            prnt('#  define _cffi_f_%s _cffi_d_%s' % (name, name))
+        #
+        prnt('#endif')        # ------------------------------
+        prnt()
+
+    def _generate_cpy_function_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        if tp.ellipsis and not self.target_is_python:
+            self._generate_cpy_constant_ctx(tp, name)
+            return
+        type_index = self._typesdict[tp.as_raw_function()]
+        numargs = len(tp.args)
+        if self.target_is_python:
+            meth_kind = OP_DLOPEN_FUNC
+        elif numargs == 0:
+            meth_kind = OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_N   # 'METH_NOARGS'
+        elif numargs == 1:
+            meth_kind = OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_O   # 'METH_O'
+        else:
+            meth_kind = OP_CPYTHON_BLTN_V   # 'METH_VARARGS'
+        self._lsts["global"].append(
+            GlobalExpr(name, '_cffi_f_%s' % name,
+                       CffiOp(meth_kind, type_index),
+                       size='_cffi_d_%s' % name))
+
+    # ----------
+    # named structs or unions
+
+    def _field_type(self, tp_struct, field_name, tp_field):
+        if isinstance(tp_field, model.ArrayType):
+            actual_length = tp_field.length
+            if actual_length == '...':
+                ptr_struct_name = tp_struct.get_c_name('*')
+                actual_length = '_cffi_array_len(((%s)0)->%s)' % (
+                    ptr_struct_name, field_name)
+            tp_item = self._field_type(tp_struct, '%s[0]' % field_name,
+                                       tp_field.item)
+            tp_field = model.ArrayType(tp_item, actual_length)
+        return tp_field
+
+    def _struct_collecttype(self, tp):
+        self._do_collect_type(tp)
+        if self.target_is_python:
+            # also requires nested anon struct/unions in ABI mode, recursively
+            for fldtype in tp.anonymous_struct_fields():
+                self._struct_collecttype(fldtype)
+
+    def _struct_decl(self, tp, cname, approxname):
+        if tp.fldtypes is None:
+            return
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        checkfuncname = '_cffi_checkfld_%s' % (approxname,)
+        prnt('_CFFI_UNUSED_FN')
+        prnt('static void %s(%s *p)' % (checkfuncname, cname))
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  /* only to generate compile-time warnings or errors */')
+        prnt('  (void)p;')
+        for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in self._enum_fields(tp):
+            try:
+                if ftype.is_integer_type() or fbitsize >= 0:
+                    # accept all integers, but complain on float or double
+                    if fname != '':
+                        prnt("  (void)((p->%s) | 0);  /* check that '%s.%s' is "
+                             "an integer */" % (fname, cname, fname))
+                    continue
+                # only accept exactly the type declared, except that '[]'
+                # is interpreted as a '*' and so will match any array length.
+                # (It would also match '*', but that's harder to detect...)
+                while (isinstance(ftype, model.ArrayType)
+                       and (ftype.length is None or ftype.length == '...')):
+                    ftype = ftype.item
+                    fname = fname + '[0]'
+                prnt('  { %s = &p->%s; (void)tmp; }' % (
+                    ftype.get_c_name('*tmp', 'field %r'%fname, quals=fqual),
+                    fname))
+            except VerificationError as e:
+                prnt('  /* %s */' % str(e))   # cannot verify it, ignore
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt('struct _cffi_align_%s { char x; %s y; };' % (approxname, cname))
+        prnt()
+
+    def _struct_ctx(self, tp, cname, approxname, named_ptr=None):
+        type_index = self._typesdict[tp]
+        reason_for_not_expanding = None
+        flags = []
+        if isinstance(tp, model.UnionType):
+            flags.append("_CFFI_F_UNION")
+        if tp.fldtypes is None:
+            flags.append("_CFFI_F_OPAQUE")
+            reason_for_not_expanding = "opaque"
+        if (tp not in self.ffi._parser._included_declarations and
+                (named_ptr is None or
+                 named_ptr not in self.ffi._parser._included_declarations)):
+            if tp.fldtypes is None:
+                pass    # opaque
+            elif tp.partial or any(tp.anonymous_struct_fields()):
+                pass    # field layout obtained silently from the C compiler
+            else:
+                flags.append("_CFFI_F_CHECK_FIELDS")
+            if tp.packed:
+                if tp.packed > 1:
+                    raise NotImplementedError(
+                        "%r is declared with 'pack=%r'; only 0 or 1 are "
+                        "supported in API mode (try to use \"...;\", which "
+                        "does not require a 'pack' declaration)" %
+                        (tp, tp.packed))
+                flags.append("_CFFI_F_PACKED")
+        else:
+            flags.append("_CFFI_F_EXTERNAL")
+            reason_for_not_expanding = "external"
+        flags = '|'.join(flags) or '0'
+        c_fields = []
+        if reason_for_not_expanding is None:
+            enumfields = list(self._enum_fields(tp))
+            for fldname, fldtype, fbitsize, fqual in enumfields:
+                fldtype = self._field_type(tp, fldname, fldtype)
+                self._check_not_opaque(fldtype,
+                                       "field '%s.%s'" % (tp.name, fldname))
+                # cname is None for _add_missing_struct_unions() only
+                op = OP_NOOP
+                if fbitsize >= 0:
+                    op = OP_BITFIELD
+                    size = '%d /* bits */' % fbitsize
+                elif cname is None or (
+                        isinstance(fldtype, model.ArrayType) and
+                        fldtype.length is None):
+                    size = '(size_t)-1'
+                else:
+                    size = 'sizeof(((%s)0)->%s)' % (
+                        tp.get_c_name('*') if named_ptr is None
+                                           else named_ptr.name,
+                        fldname)
+                if cname is None or fbitsize >= 0:
+                    offset = '(size_t)-1'
+                elif named_ptr is not None:
+                    offset = '((char *)&((%s)0)->%s) - (char *)0' % (
+                        named_ptr.name, fldname)
+                else:
+                    offset = 'offsetof(%s, %s)' % (tp.get_c_name(''), fldname)
+                c_fields.append(
+                    FieldExpr(fldname, offset, size, fbitsize,
+                              CffiOp(op, self._typesdict[fldtype])))
+            first_field_index = len(self._lsts["field"])
+            self._lsts["field"].extend(c_fields)
+            #
+            if cname is None:  # unknown name, for _add_missing_struct_unions
+                size = '(size_t)-2'
+                align = -2
+                comment = "unnamed"
+            else:
+                if named_ptr is not None:
+                    size = 'sizeof(*(%s)0)' % (named_ptr.name,)
+                    align = '-1 /* unknown alignment */'
+                else:
+                    size = 'sizeof(%s)' % (cname,)
+                    align = 'offsetof(struct _cffi_align_%s, y)' % (approxname,)
+                comment = None
+        else:
+            size = '(size_t)-1'
+            align = -1
+            first_field_index = -1
+            comment = reason_for_not_expanding
+        self._lsts["struct_union"].append(
+            StructUnionExpr(tp.name, type_index, flags, size, align, comment,
+                            first_field_index, c_fields))
+        self._seen_struct_unions.add(tp)
+
+    def _check_not_opaque(self, tp, location):
+        while isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
+            tp = tp.item
+        if isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion) and tp.fldtypes is None:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "%s is of an opaque type (not declared in cdef())" % location)
+
+    def _add_missing_struct_unions(self):
+        # not very nice, but some struct declarations might be missing
+        # because they don't have any known C name.  Check that they are
+        # not partial (we can't complete or verify them!) and emit them
+        # anonymously.
+        lst = list(self._struct_unions.items())
+        lst.sort(key=lambda tp_order: tp_order[1])
+        for tp, order in lst:
+            if tp not in self._seen_struct_unions:
+                if tp.partial:
+                    raise NotImplementedError("internal inconsistency: %r is "
+                                              "partial but was not seen at "
+                                              "this point" % (tp,))
+                if tp.name.startswith('$') and tp.name[1:].isdigit():
+                    approxname = tp.name[1:]
+                elif tp.name == '_IO_FILE' and tp.forcename == 'FILE':
+                    approxname = 'FILE'
+                    self._typedef_ctx(tp, 'FILE')
+                else:
+                    raise NotImplementedError("internal inconsistency: %r" %
+                                              (tp,))
+                self._struct_ctx(tp, None, approxname)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_struct_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        self._struct_collecttype(tp)
+    _generate_cpy_union_collecttype = _generate_cpy_struct_collecttype
+
+    def _struct_names(self, tp):
+        cname = tp.get_c_name('')
+        if ' ' in cname:
+            return cname, cname.replace(' ', '_')
+        else:
+            return cname, '_' + cname
+
+    def _generate_cpy_struct_decl(self, tp, name):
+        self._struct_decl(tp, *self._struct_names(tp))
+    _generate_cpy_union_decl = _generate_cpy_struct_decl
+
+    def _generate_cpy_struct_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        self._struct_ctx(tp, *self._struct_names(tp))
+    _generate_cpy_union_ctx = _generate_cpy_struct_ctx
+
+    # ----------
+    # 'anonymous' declarations.  These are produced for anonymous structs
+    # or unions; the 'name' is obtained by a typedef.
+
+    def _generate_cpy_anonymous_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._generate_cpy_enum_collecttype(tp, name)
+        else:
+            self._struct_collecttype(tp)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_anonymous_decl(self, tp, name):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._generate_cpy_enum_decl(tp)
+        else:
+            self._struct_decl(tp, name, 'typedef_' + name)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_anonymous_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._enum_ctx(tp, name)
+        else:
+            self._struct_ctx(tp, name, 'typedef_' + name)
+
+    # ----------
+    # constants, declared with "static const ..."
+
+    def _generate_cpy_const(self, is_int, name, tp=None, category='const',
+                            check_value=None):
+        if (category, name) in self._seen_constants:
+            raise VerificationError(
+                "duplicate declaration of %s '%s'" % (category, name))
+        self._seen_constants.add((category, name))
+        #
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        funcname = '_cffi_%s_%s' % (category, name)
+        if is_int:
+            prnt('static int %s(unsigned long long *o)' % funcname)
+            prnt('{')
+            prnt('  int n = (%s) <= 0;' % (name,))
+            prnt('  *o = (unsigned long long)((%s) | 0);'
+                 '  /* check that %s is an integer */' % (name, name))
+            if check_value is not None:
+                if check_value > 0:
+                    check_value = '%dU' % (check_value,)
+                prnt('  if (!_cffi_check_int(*o, n, %s))' % (check_value,))
+                prnt('    n |= 2;')
+            prnt('  return n;')
+            prnt('}')
+        else:
+            assert check_value is None
+            prnt('static void %s(char *o)' % funcname)
+            prnt('{')
+            prnt('  *(%s)o = %s;' % (tp.get_c_name('*'), name))
+            prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    def _generate_cpy_constant_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        is_int = tp.is_integer_type()
+        if not is_int or self.target_is_python:
+            self._do_collect_type(tp)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_constant_decl(self, tp, name):
+        is_int = tp.is_integer_type()
+        self._generate_cpy_const(is_int, name, tp)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_constant_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        if not self.target_is_python and tp.is_integer_type():
+            type_op = CffiOp(OP_CONSTANT_INT, -1)
+        else:
+            if self.target_is_python:
+                const_kind = OP_DLOPEN_CONST
+            else:
+                const_kind = OP_CONSTANT
+            type_index = self._typesdict[tp]
+            type_op = CffiOp(const_kind, type_index)
+        self._lsts["global"].append(
+            GlobalExpr(name, '_cffi_const_%s' % name, type_op))
+
+    # ----------
+    # enums
+
+    def _generate_cpy_enum_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        self._do_collect_type(tp)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_enum_decl(self, tp, name=None):
+        for enumerator in tp.enumerators:
+            self._generate_cpy_const(True, enumerator)
+
+    def _enum_ctx(self, tp, cname):
+        type_index = self._typesdict[tp]
+        type_op = CffiOp(OP_ENUM, -1)
+        if self.target_is_python:
+            tp.check_not_partial()
+        for enumerator, enumvalue in zip(tp.enumerators, tp.enumvalues):
+            self._lsts["global"].append(
+                GlobalExpr(enumerator, '_cffi_const_%s' % enumerator, type_op,
+                           check_value=enumvalue))
+        #
+        if cname is not None and '$' not in cname and not self.target_is_python:
+            size = "sizeof(%s)" % cname
+            signed = "((%s)-1) <= 0" % cname
+        else:
+            basetp = tp.build_baseinttype(self.ffi, [])
+            size = self.ffi.sizeof(basetp)
+            signed = int(int(self.ffi.cast(basetp, -1)) < 0)
+        allenums = ",".join(tp.enumerators)
+        self._lsts["enum"].append(
+            EnumExpr(tp.name, type_index, size, signed, allenums))
+
+    def _generate_cpy_enum_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        self._enum_ctx(tp, tp._get_c_name())
+
+    # ----------
+    # macros: for now only for integers
+
+    def _generate_cpy_macro_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        pass
+
+    def _generate_cpy_macro_decl(self, tp, name):
+        if tp == '...':
+            check_value = None
+        else:
+            check_value = tp     # an integer
+        self._generate_cpy_const(True, name, check_value=check_value)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_macro_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        if tp == '...':
+            if self.target_is_python:
+                raise VerificationError(
+                    "cannot use the syntax '...' in '#define %s ...' when "
+                    "using the ABI mode" % (name,))
+            check_value = None
+        else:
+            check_value = tp     # an integer
+        type_op = CffiOp(OP_CONSTANT_INT, -1)
+        self._lsts["global"].append(
+            GlobalExpr(name, '_cffi_const_%s' % name, type_op,
+                       check_value=check_value))
+
+    # ----------
+    # global variables
+
+    def _global_type(self, tp, global_name):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
+            actual_length = tp.length
+            if actual_length == '...':
+                actual_length = '_cffi_array_len(%s)' % (global_name,)
+            tp_item = self._global_type(tp.item, '%s[0]' % global_name)
+            tp = model.ArrayType(tp_item, actual_length)
+        return tp
+
+    def _generate_cpy_variable_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        self._do_collect_type(self._global_type(tp, name))
+
+    def _generate_cpy_variable_decl(self, tp, name):
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        tp = self._global_type(tp, name)
+        if isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType) and tp.length is None:
+            tp = tp.item
+            ampersand = ''
+        else:
+            ampersand = '&'
+        # This code assumes that casts from "tp *" to "void *" is a
+        # no-op, i.e. a function that returns a "tp *" can be called
+        # as if it returned a "void *".  This should be generally true
+        # on any modern machine.  The only exception to that rule (on
+        # uncommon architectures, and as far as I can tell) might be
+        # if 'tp' were a function type, but that is not possible here.
+        # (If 'tp' is a function _pointer_ type, then casts from "fn_t
+        # **" to "void *" are again no-ops, as far as I can tell.)
+        decl = '*_cffi_var_%s(void)' % (name,)
+        prnt('static ' + tp.get_c_name(decl, quals=self._current_quals))
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  return %s(%s);' % (ampersand, name))
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    def _generate_cpy_variable_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        tp = self._global_type(tp, name)
+        type_index = self._typesdict[tp]
+        if self.target_is_python:
+            op = OP_GLOBAL_VAR
+        else:
+            op = OP_GLOBAL_VAR_F
+        self._lsts["global"].append(
+            GlobalExpr(name, '_cffi_var_%s' % name, CffiOp(op, type_index)))
+
+    # ----------
+    # extern "Python"
+
+    def _generate_cpy_extern_python_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        assert isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType)
+        self._do_collect_type(tp)
+    _generate_cpy_dllexport_python_collecttype = \
+      _generate_cpy_extern_python_plus_c_collecttype = \
+      _generate_cpy_extern_python_collecttype
+
+    def _extern_python_decl(self, tp, name, tag_and_space):
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        if isinstance(tp.result, model.VoidType):
+            size_of_result = '0'
+        else:
+            context = 'result of %s' % name
+            size_of_result = '(int)sizeof(%s)' % (
+                tp.result.get_c_name('', context),)
+        prnt('static struct _cffi_externpy_s _cffi_externpy__%s =' % name)
+        prnt('  { "%s.%s", %s, 0, 0 };' % (
+            self.module_name, name, size_of_result))
+        prnt()
+        #
+        arguments = []
+        context = 'argument of %s' % name
+        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
+            arg = type.get_c_name(' a%d' % i, context)
+            arguments.append(arg)
+        #
+        repr_arguments = ', '.join(arguments)
+        repr_arguments = repr_arguments or 'void'
+        name_and_arguments = '%s(%s)' % (name, repr_arguments)
+        if tp.abi == "__stdcall":
+            name_and_arguments = '_cffi_stdcall ' + name_and_arguments
+        #
+        def may_need_128_bits(tp):
+            return (isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType) and
+                    tp.name == 'long double')
+        #
+        size_of_a = max(len(tp.args)*8, 8)
+        if may_need_128_bits(tp.result):
+            size_of_a = max(size_of_a, 16)
+        if isinstance(tp.result, model.StructOrUnion):
+            size_of_a = 'sizeof(%s) > %d ? sizeof(%s) : %d' % (
+                tp.result.get_c_name(''), size_of_a,
+                tp.result.get_c_name(''), size_of_a)
+        prnt('%s%s' % (tag_and_space, tp.result.get_c_name(name_and_arguments)))
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  char a[%s];' % size_of_a)
+        prnt('  char *p = a;')
+        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
+            arg = 'a%d' % i
+            if (isinstance(type, model.StructOrUnion) or
+                    may_need_128_bits(type)):
+                arg = '&' + arg
+                type = model.PointerType(type)
+            prnt('  *(%s)(p + %d) = %s;' % (type.get_c_name('*'), i*8, arg))
+        prnt('  _cffi_call_python(&_cffi_externpy__%s, p);' % name)
+        if not isinstance(tp.result, model.VoidType):
+            prnt('  return *(%s)p;' % (tp.result.get_c_name('*'),))
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+        self._num_externpy += 1
+
+    def _generate_cpy_extern_python_decl(self, tp, name):
+        self._extern_python_decl(tp, name, 'static ')
+
+    def _generate_cpy_dllexport_python_decl(self, tp, name):
+        self._extern_python_decl(tp, name, 'CFFI_DLLEXPORT ')
+
+    def _generate_cpy_extern_python_plus_c_decl(self, tp, name):
+        self._extern_python_decl(tp, name, '')
+
+    def _generate_cpy_extern_python_ctx(self, tp, name):
+        if self.target_is_python:
+            raise VerificationError(
+                "cannot use 'extern \"Python\"' in the ABI mode")
+        if tp.ellipsis:
+            raise NotImplementedError("a vararg function is extern \"Python\"")
+        type_index = self._typesdict[tp]
+        type_op = CffiOp(OP_EXTERN_PYTHON, type_index)
+        self._lsts["global"].append(
+            GlobalExpr(name, '&_cffi_externpy__%s' % name, type_op, name))
+
+    _generate_cpy_dllexport_python_ctx = \
+      _generate_cpy_extern_python_plus_c_ctx = \
+      _generate_cpy_extern_python_ctx
+
+    def _print_string_literal_in_array(self, s):
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        prnt('// # NB. this is not a string because of a size limit in MSVC')
+        if not isinstance(s, bytes):    # unicode
+            s = s.encode('utf-8')       # -> bytes
+        else:
+            s.decode('utf-8')           # got bytes, check for valid utf-8
+        try:
+            s.decode('ascii')
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            s = b'# -*- encoding: utf8 -*-\n' + s
+        for line in s.splitlines(True):
+            comment = line
+            if type('//') is bytes:     # python2
+                line = map(ord, line)   #     make a list of integers
+            else:                       # python3
+                # type(line) is bytes, which enumerates like a list of integers
+                comment = ascii(comment)[1:-1]
+            prnt(('// ' + comment).rstrip())
+            printed_line = ''
+            for c in line:
+                if len(printed_line) >= 76:
+                    prnt(printed_line)
+                    printed_line = ''
+                printed_line += '%d,' % (c,)
+            prnt(printed_line)
+
+    # ----------
+    # emitting the opcodes for individual types
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_VoidType(self, tp, index):
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_PRIMITIVE, PRIM_VOID)
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_PrimitiveType(self, tp, index):
+        prim_index = PRIMITIVE_TO_INDEX[tp.name]
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_PRIMITIVE, prim_index)
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_UnknownIntegerType(self, tp, index):
+        s = ('_cffi_prim_int(sizeof(%s), (\n'
+             '           ((%s)-1) | 0 /* check that %s is an integer type */\n'
+             '         ) <= 0)' % (tp.name, tp.name, tp.name))
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_PRIMITIVE, s)
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_UnknownFloatType(self, tp, index):
+        s = ('_cffi_prim_float(sizeof(%s) *\n'
+             '           (((%s)1) / 2) * 2 /* integer => 0, float => 1 */\n'
+             '         )' % (tp.name, tp.name))
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_PRIMITIVE, s)
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_RawFunctionType(self, tp, index):
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_FUNCTION, self._typesdict[tp.result])
+        index += 1
+        for tp1 in tp.args:
+            realindex = self._typesdict[tp1]
+            if index != realindex:
+                if isinstance(tp1, model.PrimitiveType):
+                    self._emit_bytecode_PrimitiveType(tp1, index)
+                else:
+                    self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_NOOP, realindex)
+            index += 1
+        flags = int(tp.ellipsis)
+        if tp.abi is not None:
+            if tp.abi == '__stdcall':
+                flags |= 2
+            else:
+                raise NotImplementedError("abi=%r" % (tp.abi,))
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_FUNCTION_END, flags)
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_PointerType(self, tp, index):
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_POINTER, self._typesdict[tp.totype])
+
+    _emit_bytecode_ConstPointerType = _emit_bytecode_PointerType
+    _emit_bytecode_NamedPointerType = _emit_bytecode_PointerType
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_FunctionPtrType(self, tp, index):
+        raw = tp.as_raw_function()
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_POINTER, self._typesdict[raw])
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_ArrayType(self, tp, index):
+        item_index = self._typesdict[tp.item]
+        if tp.length is None:
+            self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_OPEN_ARRAY, item_index)
+        elif tp.length == '...':
+            raise VerificationError(
+                "type %s badly placed: the '...' array length can only be "
+                "used on global arrays or on fields of structures" % (
+                    str(tp).replace('/*...*/', '...'),))
+        else:
+            assert self.cffi_types[index + 1] == 'LEN'
+            self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_ARRAY, item_index)
+            self.cffi_types[index + 1] = CffiOp(None, str(tp.length))
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_StructType(self, tp, index):
+        struct_index = self._struct_unions[tp]
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_STRUCT_UNION, struct_index)
+    _emit_bytecode_UnionType = _emit_bytecode_StructType
+
+    def _emit_bytecode_EnumType(self, tp, index):
+        enum_index = self._enums[tp]
+        self.cffi_types[index] = CffiOp(OP_ENUM, enum_index)
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3,):
+    NativeIO = io.StringIO
+else:
+    class NativeIO(io.BytesIO):
+        def write(self, s):
+            if isinstance(s, unicode):
+                s = s.encode('ascii')
+            super(NativeIO, self).write(s)
+
+def _make_c_or_py_source(ffi, module_name, preamble, target_file, verbose):
+    if verbose:
+        print("generating %s" % (target_file,))
+    recompiler = Recompiler(ffi, module_name,
+                            target_is_python=(preamble is None))
+    recompiler.collect_type_table()
+    recompiler.collect_step_tables()
+    f = NativeIO()
+    recompiler.write_source_to_f(f, preamble)
+    output = f.getvalue()
+    try:
+        with open(target_file, 'r') as f1:
+            if f1.read(len(output) + 1) != output:
+                raise IOError
+        if verbose:
+            print("(already up-to-date)")
+        return False     # already up-to-date
+    except IOError:
+        tmp_file = '%s.~%d' % (target_file, os.getpid())
+        with open(tmp_file, 'w') as f1:
+            f1.write(output)
+        try:
+            os.rename(tmp_file, target_file)
+        except OSError:
+            os.unlink(target_file)
+            os.rename(tmp_file, target_file)
+        return True
+
+def make_c_source(ffi, module_name, preamble, target_c_file, verbose=False):
+    assert preamble is not None
+    return _make_c_or_py_source(ffi, module_name, preamble, target_c_file,
+                                verbose)
+
+def make_py_source(ffi, module_name, target_py_file, verbose=False):
+    return _make_c_or_py_source(ffi, module_name, None, target_py_file,
+                                verbose)
+
+def _modname_to_file(outputdir, modname, extension):
+    parts = modname.split('.')
+    try:
+        os.makedirs(os.path.join(outputdir, *parts[:-1]))
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    parts[-1] += extension
+    return os.path.join(outputdir, *parts), parts
+
+
+# Aaargh.  Distutils is not tested at all for the purpose of compiling
+# DLLs that are not extension modules.  Here are some hacks to work
+# around that, in the _patch_for_*() functions...
+
+def _patch_meth(patchlist, cls, name, new_meth):
+    old = getattr(cls, name)
+    patchlist.append((cls, name, old))
+    setattr(cls, name, new_meth)
+    return old
+
+def _unpatch_meths(patchlist):
+    for cls, name, old_meth in reversed(patchlist):
+        setattr(cls, name, old_meth)
+
+def _patch_for_embedding(patchlist):
+    if sys.platform == 'win32':
+        # we must not remove the manifest when building for embedding!
+        from distutils.msvc9compiler import MSVCCompiler
+        _patch_meth(patchlist, MSVCCompiler, '_remove_visual_c_ref',
+                    lambda self, manifest_file: manifest_file)
+
+    if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+        # we must not make a '-bundle', but a '-dynamiclib' instead
+        from distutils.ccompiler import CCompiler
+        def my_link_shared_object(self, *args, **kwds):
+            if '-bundle' in self.linker_so:
+                self.linker_so = list(self.linker_so)
+                i = self.linker_so.index('-bundle')
+                self.linker_so[i] = '-dynamiclib'
+            return old_link_shared_object(self, *args, **kwds)
+        old_link_shared_object = _patch_meth(patchlist, CCompiler,
+                                             'link_shared_object',
+                                             my_link_shared_object)
+
+def _patch_for_target(patchlist, target):
+    from distutils.command.build_ext import build_ext
+    # if 'target' is different from '*', we need to patch some internal
+    # method to just return this 'target' value, instead of having it
+    # built from module_name
+    if target.endswith('.*'):
+        target = target[:-2]
+        if sys.platform == 'win32':
+            target += '.dll'
+        elif sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            target += '.dylib'
+        else:
+            target += '.so'
+    _patch_meth(patchlist, build_ext, 'get_ext_filename',
+                lambda self, ext_name: target)
+
+
+def recompile(ffi, module_name, preamble, tmpdir='.', call_c_compiler=True,
+              c_file=None, source_extension='.c', extradir=None,
+              compiler_verbose=1, target=None, debug=None, **kwds):
+    if not isinstance(module_name, str):
+        module_name = module_name.encode('ascii')
+    if ffi._windows_unicode:
+        ffi._apply_windows_unicode(kwds)
+    if preamble is not None:
+        embedding = (ffi._embedding is not None)
+        if embedding:
+            ffi._apply_embedding_fix(kwds)
+        if c_file is None:
+            c_file, parts = _modname_to_file(tmpdir, module_name,
+                                             source_extension)
+            if extradir:
+                parts = [extradir] + parts
+            ext_c_file = os.path.join(*parts)
+        else:
+            ext_c_file = c_file
+        #
+        if target is None:
+            if embedding:
+                target = '%s.*' % module_name
+            else:
+                target = '*'
+        #
+        ext = ffiplatform.get_extension(ext_c_file, module_name, **kwds)
+        updated = make_c_source(ffi, module_name, preamble, c_file,
+                                verbose=compiler_verbose)
+        if call_c_compiler:
+            patchlist = []
+            cwd = os.getcwd()
+            try:
+                if embedding:
+                    _patch_for_embedding(patchlist)
+                if target != '*':
+                    _patch_for_target(patchlist, target)
+                if compiler_verbose:
+                    if tmpdir == '.':
+                        msg = 'the current directory is'
+                    else:
+                        msg = 'setting the current directory to'
+                    print('%s %r' % (msg, os.path.abspath(tmpdir)))
+                os.chdir(tmpdir)
+                outputfilename = ffiplatform.compile('.', ext,
+                                                     compiler_verbose, debug)
+            finally:
+                os.chdir(cwd)
+                _unpatch_meths(patchlist)
+            return outputfilename
+        else:
+            return ext, updated
+    else:
+        if c_file is None:
+            c_file, _ = _modname_to_file(tmpdir, module_name, '.py')
+        updated = make_py_source(ffi, module_name, c_file,
+                                 verbose=compiler_verbose)
+        if call_c_compiler:
+            return c_file
+        else:
+            return None, updated
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/setuptools_ext.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/setuptools_ext.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8fe3614
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/setuptools_ext.py
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+import os
+import sys
+
+try:
+    basestring
+except NameError:
+    # Python 3.x
+    basestring = str
+
+def error(msg):
+    from distutils.errors import DistutilsSetupError
+    raise DistutilsSetupError(msg)
+
+
+def execfile(filename, glob):
+    # We use execfile() (here rewritten for Python 3) instead of
+    # __import__() to load the build script.  The problem with
+    # a normal import is that in some packages, the intermediate
+    # __init__.py files may already try to import the file that
+    # we are generating.
+    with open(filename) as f:
+        src = f.read()
+    src += '\n'      # Python 2.6 compatibility
+    code = compile(src, filename, 'exec')
+    exec(code, glob, glob)
+
+
+def add_cffi_module(dist, mod_spec):
+    from cffi.api import FFI
+
+    if not isinstance(mod_spec, basestring):
+        error("argument to 'cffi_modules=...' must be a str or a list of str,"
+              " not %r" % (type(mod_spec).__name__,))
+    mod_spec = str(mod_spec)
+    try:
+        build_file_name, ffi_var_name = mod_spec.split(':')
+    except ValueError:
+        error("%r must be of the form 'path/build.py:ffi_variable'" %
+              (mod_spec,))
+    if not os.path.exists(build_file_name):
+        ext = ''
+        rewritten = build_file_name.replace('.', '/') + '.py'
+        if os.path.exists(rewritten):
+            ext = ' (rewrite cffi_modules to [%r])' % (
+                rewritten + ':' + ffi_var_name,)
+        error("%r does not name an existing file%s" % (build_file_name, ext))
+
+    mod_vars = {'__name__': '__cffi__', '__file__': build_file_name}
+    execfile(build_file_name, mod_vars)
+
+    try:
+        ffi = mod_vars[ffi_var_name]
+    except KeyError:
+        error("%r: object %r not found in module" % (mod_spec,
+                                                     ffi_var_name))
+    if not isinstance(ffi, FFI):
+        ffi = ffi()      # maybe it's a function instead of directly an ffi
+    if not isinstance(ffi, FFI):
+        error("%r is not an FFI instance (got %r)" % (mod_spec,
+                                                      type(ffi).__name__))
+    if not hasattr(ffi, '_assigned_source'):
+        error("%r: the set_source() method was not called" % (mod_spec,))
+    module_name, source, source_extension, kwds = ffi._assigned_source
+    if ffi._windows_unicode:
+        kwds = kwds.copy()
+        ffi._apply_windows_unicode(kwds)
+
+    if source is None:
+        _add_py_module(dist, ffi, module_name)
+    else:
+        _add_c_module(dist, ffi, module_name, source, source_extension, kwds)
+
+def _set_py_limited_api(Extension, kwds):
+    """
+    Add py_limited_api to kwds if setuptools >= 26 is in use.
+    Do not alter the setting if it already exists.
+    Setuptools takes care of ignoring the flag on Python 2 and PyPy.
+
+    CPython itself should ignore the flag in a debugging version
+    (by not listing .abi3.so in the extensions it supports), but
+    it doesn't so far, creating troubles.  That's why we check
+    for "not hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount')" (the 2.7 compatible equivalent
+    of 'd' not in sys.abiflags). (http://bugs.python.org/issue28401)
+
+    On Windows, with CPython <= 3.4, it's better not to use py_limited_api
+    because virtualenv *still* doesn't copy PYTHON3.DLL on these versions.
+    Recently (2020) we started shipping only >= 3.5 wheels, though.  So
+    we'll give it another try and set py_limited_api on Windows >= 3.5.
+    """
+    from cffi import recompiler
+
+    if ('py_limited_api' not in kwds and not hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount')
+            and recompiler.USE_LIMITED_API):
+        import setuptools
+        try:
+            setuptools_major_version = int(setuptools.__version__.partition('.')[0])
+            if setuptools_major_version >= 26:
+                kwds['py_limited_api'] = True
+        except ValueError:  # certain development versions of setuptools
+            # If we don't know the version number of setuptools, we
+            # try to set 'py_limited_api' anyway.  At worst, we get a
+            # warning.
+            kwds['py_limited_api'] = True
+    return kwds
+
+def _add_c_module(dist, ffi, module_name, source, source_extension, kwds):
+    from distutils.core import Extension
+    # We are a setuptools extension. Need this build_ext for py_limited_api.
+    from setuptools.command.build_ext import build_ext
+    from distutils.dir_util import mkpath
+    from distutils import log
+    from cffi import recompiler
+
+    allsources = ['$PLACEHOLDER']
+    allsources.extend(kwds.pop('sources', []))
+    kwds = _set_py_limited_api(Extension, kwds)
+    ext = Extension(name=module_name, sources=allsources, **kwds)
+
+    def make_mod(tmpdir, pre_run=None):
+        c_file = os.path.join(tmpdir, module_name + source_extension)
+        log.info("generating cffi module %r" % c_file)
+        mkpath(tmpdir)
+        # a setuptools-only, API-only hook: called with the "ext" and "ffi"
+        # arguments just before we turn the ffi into C code.  To use it,
+        # subclass the 'distutils.command.build_ext.build_ext' class and
+        # add a method 'def pre_run(self, ext, ffi)'.
+        if pre_run is not None:
+            pre_run(ext, ffi)
+        updated = recompiler.make_c_source(ffi, module_name, source, c_file)
+        if not updated:
+            log.info("already up-to-date")
+        return c_file
+
+    if dist.ext_modules is None:
+        dist.ext_modules = []
+    dist.ext_modules.append(ext)
+
+    base_class = dist.cmdclass.get('build_ext', build_ext)
+    class build_ext_make_mod(base_class):
+        def run(self):
+            if ext.sources[0] == '$PLACEHOLDER':
+                pre_run = getattr(self, 'pre_run', None)
+                ext.sources[0] = make_mod(self.build_temp, pre_run)
+            base_class.run(self)
+    dist.cmdclass['build_ext'] = build_ext_make_mod
+    # NB. multiple runs here will create multiple 'build_ext_make_mod'
+    # classes.  Even in this case the 'build_ext' command should be
+    # run once; but just in case, the logic above does nothing if
+    # called again.
+
+
+def _add_py_module(dist, ffi, module_name):
+    from distutils.dir_util import mkpath
+    from setuptools.command.build_py import build_py
+    from setuptools.command.build_ext import build_ext
+    from distutils import log
+    from cffi import recompiler
+
+    def generate_mod(py_file):
+        log.info("generating cffi module %r" % py_file)
+        mkpath(os.path.dirname(py_file))
+        updated = recompiler.make_py_source(ffi, module_name, py_file)
+        if not updated:
+            log.info("already up-to-date")
+
+    base_class = dist.cmdclass.get('build_py', build_py)
+    class build_py_make_mod(base_class):
+        def run(self):
+            base_class.run(self)
+            module_path = module_name.split('.')
+            module_path[-1] += '.py'
+            generate_mod(os.path.join(self.build_lib, *module_path))
+        def get_source_files(self):
+            # This is called from 'setup.py sdist' only.  Exclude
+            # the generate .py module in this case.
+            saved_py_modules = self.py_modules
+            try:
+                if saved_py_modules:
+                    self.py_modules = [m for m in saved_py_modules
+                                         if m != module_name]
+                return base_class.get_source_files(self)
+            finally:
+                self.py_modules = saved_py_modules
+    dist.cmdclass['build_py'] = build_py_make_mod
+
+    # distutils and setuptools have no notion I could find of a
+    # generated python module.  If we don't add module_name to
+    # dist.py_modules, then things mostly work but there are some
+    # combination of options (--root and --record) that will miss
+    # the module.  So we add it here, which gives a few apparently
+    # harmless warnings about not finding the file outside the
+    # build directory.
+    # Then we need to hack more in get_source_files(); see above.
+    if dist.py_modules is None:
+        dist.py_modules = []
+    dist.py_modules.append(module_name)
+
+    # the following is only for "build_ext -i"
+    base_class_2 = dist.cmdclass.get('build_ext', build_ext)
+    class build_ext_make_mod(base_class_2):
+        def run(self):
+            base_class_2.run(self)
+            if self.inplace:
+                # from get_ext_fullpath() in distutils/command/build_ext.py
+                module_path = module_name.split('.')
+                package = '.'.join(module_path[:-1])
+                build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+                package_dir = build_py.get_package_dir(package)
+                file_name = module_path[-1] + '.py'
+                generate_mod(os.path.join(package_dir, file_name))
+    dist.cmdclass['build_ext'] = build_ext_make_mod
+
+def cffi_modules(dist, attr, value):
+    assert attr == 'cffi_modules'
+    if isinstance(value, basestring):
+        value = [value]
+
+    for cffi_module in value:
+        add_cffi_module(dist, cffi_module)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/vengine_cpy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/vengine_cpy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6de0df0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/vengine_cpy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1076 @@
+#
+# DEPRECATED: implementation for ffi.verify()
+#
+import sys, imp
+from . import model
+from .error import VerificationError
+
+
+class VCPythonEngine(object):
+    _class_key = 'x'
+    _gen_python_module = True
+
+    def __init__(self, verifier):
+        self.verifier = verifier
+        self.ffi = verifier.ffi
+        self._struct_pending_verification = {}
+        self._types_of_builtin_functions = {}
+
+    def patch_extension_kwds(self, kwds):
+        pass
+
+    def find_module(self, module_name, path, so_suffixes):
+        try:
+            f, filename, descr = imp.find_module(module_name, path)
+        except ImportError:
+            return None
+        if f is not None:
+            f.close()
+        # Note that after a setuptools installation, there are both .py
+        # and .so files with the same basename.  The code here relies on
+        # imp.find_module() locating the .so in priority.
+        if descr[0] not in so_suffixes:
+            return None
+        return filename
+
+    def collect_types(self):
+        self._typesdict = {}
+        self._generate("collecttype")
+
+    def _prnt(self, what=''):
+        self._f.write(what + '\n')
+
+    def _gettypenum(self, type):
+        # a KeyError here is a bug.  please report it! :-)
+        return self._typesdict[type]
+
+    def _do_collect_type(self, tp):
+        if ((not isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType)
+             or tp.name == 'long double')
+                and tp not in self._typesdict):
+            num = len(self._typesdict)
+            self._typesdict[tp] = num
+
+    def write_source_to_f(self):
+        self.collect_types()
+        #
+        # The new module will have a _cffi_setup() function that receives
+        # objects from the ffi world, and that calls some setup code in
+        # the module.  This setup code is split in several independent
+        # functions, e.g. one per constant.  The functions are "chained"
+        # by ending in a tail call to each other.
+        #
+        # This is further split in two chained lists, depending on if we
+        # can do it at import-time or if we must wait for _cffi_setup() to
+        # provide us with the <ctype> objects.  This is needed because we
+        # need the values of the enum constants in order to build the
+        # <ctype 'enum'> that we may have to pass to _cffi_setup().
+        #
+        # The following two 'chained_list_constants' items contains
+        # the head of these two chained lists, as a string that gives the
+        # call to do, if any.
+        self._chained_list_constants = ['((void)lib,0)', '((void)lib,0)']
+        #
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        # first paste some standard set of lines that are mostly '#define'
+        prnt(cffimod_header)
+        prnt()
+        # then paste the C source given by the user, verbatim.
+        prnt(self.verifier.preamble)
+        prnt()
+        #
+        # call generate_cpy_xxx_decl(), for every xxx found from
+        # ffi._parser._declarations.  This generates all the functions.
+        self._generate("decl")
+        #
+        # implement the function _cffi_setup_custom() as calling the
+        # head of the chained list.
+        self._generate_setup_custom()
+        prnt()
+        #
+        # produce the method table, including the entries for the
+        # generated Python->C function wrappers, which are done
+        # by generate_cpy_function_method().
+        prnt('static PyMethodDef _cffi_methods[] = {')
+        self._generate("method")
+        prnt('  {"_cffi_setup", _cffi_setup, METH_VARARGS, NULL},')
+        prnt('  {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}    /* Sentinel */')
+        prnt('};')
+        prnt()
+        #
+        # standard init.
+        modname = self.verifier.get_module_name()
+        constants = self._chained_list_constants[False]
+        prnt('#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3')
+        prnt()
+        prnt('static struct PyModuleDef _cffi_module_def = {')
+        prnt('  PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,')
+        prnt('  "%s",' % modname)
+        prnt('  NULL,')
+        prnt('  -1,')
+        prnt('  _cffi_methods,')
+        prnt('  NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL')
+        prnt('};')
+        prnt()
+        prnt('PyMODINIT_FUNC')
+        prnt('PyInit_%s(void)' % modname)
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  PyObject *lib;')
+        prnt('  lib = PyModule_Create(&_cffi_module_def);')
+        prnt('  if (lib == NULL)')
+        prnt('    return NULL;')
+        prnt('  if (%s < 0 || _cffi_init() < 0) {' % (constants,))
+        prnt('    Py_DECREF(lib);')
+        prnt('    return NULL;')
+        prnt('  }')
+        prnt('  return lib;')
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+        prnt('#else')
+        prnt()
+        prnt('PyMODINIT_FUNC')
+        prnt('init%s(void)' % modname)
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  PyObject *lib;')
+        prnt('  lib = Py_InitModule("%s", _cffi_methods);' % modname)
+        prnt('  if (lib == NULL)')
+        prnt('    return;')
+        prnt('  if (%s < 0 || _cffi_init() < 0)' % (constants,))
+        prnt('    return;')
+        prnt('  return;')
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+        prnt('#endif')
+
+    def load_library(self, flags=None):
+        # XXX review all usages of 'self' here!
+        # import it as a new extension module
+        imp.acquire_lock()
+        try:
+            if hasattr(sys, "getdlopenflags"):
+                previous_flags = sys.getdlopenflags()
+            try:
+                if hasattr(sys, "setdlopenflags") and flags is not None:
+                    sys.setdlopenflags(flags)
+                module = imp.load_dynamic(self.verifier.get_module_name(),
+                                          self.verifier.modulefilename)
+            except ImportError as e:
+                error = "importing %r: %s" % (self.verifier.modulefilename, e)
+                raise VerificationError(error)
+            finally:
+                if hasattr(sys, "setdlopenflags"):
+                    sys.setdlopenflags(previous_flags)
+        finally:
+            imp.release_lock()
+        #
+        # call loading_cpy_struct() to get the struct layout inferred by
+        # the C compiler
+        self._load(module, 'loading')
+        #
+        # the C code will need the <ctype> objects.  Collect them in
+        # order in a list.
+        revmapping = dict([(value, key)
+                           for (key, value) in self._typesdict.items()])
+        lst = [revmapping[i] for i in range(len(revmapping))]
+        lst = list(map(self.ffi._get_cached_btype, lst))
+        #
+        # build the FFILibrary class and instance and call _cffi_setup().
+        # this will set up some fields like '_cffi_types', and only then
+        # it will invoke the chained list of functions that will really
+        # build (notably) the constant objects, as <cdata> if they are
+        # pointers, and store them as attributes on the 'library' object.
+        class FFILibrary(object):
+            _cffi_python_module = module
+            _cffi_ffi = self.ffi
+            _cffi_dir = []
+            def __dir__(self):
+                return FFILibrary._cffi_dir + list(self.__dict__)
+        library = FFILibrary()
+        if module._cffi_setup(lst, VerificationError, library):
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn("reimporting %r might overwrite older definitions"
+                          % (self.verifier.get_module_name()))
+        #
+        # finally, call the loaded_cpy_xxx() functions.  This will perform
+        # the final adjustments, like copying the Python->C wrapper
+        # functions from the module to the 'library' object, and setting
+        # up the FFILibrary class with properties for the global C variables.
+        self._load(module, 'loaded', library=library)
+        module._cffi_original_ffi = self.ffi
+        module._cffi_types_of_builtin_funcs = self._types_of_builtin_functions
+        return library
+
+    def _get_declarations(self):
+        lst = [(key, tp) for (key, (tp, qual)) in
+                                self.ffi._parser._declarations.items()]
+        lst.sort()
+        return lst
+
+    def _generate(self, step_name):
+        for name, tp in self._get_declarations():
+            kind, realname = name.split(' ', 1)
+            try:
+                method = getattr(self, '_generate_cpy_%s_%s' % (kind,
+                                                                step_name))
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise VerificationError(
+                    "not implemented in verify(): %r" % name)
+            try:
+                method(tp, realname)
+            except Exception as e:
+                model.attach_exception_info(e, name)
+                raise
+
+    def _load(self, module, step_name, **kwds):
+        for name, tp in self._get_declarations():
+            kind, realname = name.split(' ', 1)
+            method = getattr(self, '_%s_cpy_%s' % (step_name, kind))
+            try:
+                method(tp, realname, module, **kwds)
+            except Exception as e:
+                model.attach_exception_info(e, name)
+                raise
+
+    def _generate_nothing(self, tp, name):
+        pass
+
+    def _loaded_noop(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
+        pass
+
+    # ----------
+
+    def _convert_funcarg_to_c(self, tp, fromvar, tovar, errcode):
+        extraarg = ''
+        if isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType):
+            if tp.is_integer_type() and tp.name != '_Bool':
+                converter = '_cffi_to_c_int'
+                extraarg = ', %s' % tp.name
+            else:
+                converter = '(%s)_cffi_to_c_%s' % (tp.get_c_name(''),
+                                                   tp.name.replace(' ', '_'))
+            errvalue = '-1'
+        #
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.PointerType):
+            self._convert_funcarg_to_c_ptr_or_array(tp, fromvar,
+                                                    tovar, errcode)
+            return
+        #
+        elif isinstance(tp, (model.StructOrUnion, model.EnumType)):
+            # a struct (not a struct pointer) as a function argument
+            self._prnt('  if (_cffi_to_c((char *)&%s, _cffi_type(%d), %s) < 0)'
+                      % (tovar, self._gettypenum(tp), fromvar))
+            self._prnt('    %s;' % errcode)
+            return
+        #
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType):
+            converter = '(%s)_cffi_to_c_pointer' % tp.get_c_name('')
+            extraarg = ', _cffi_type(%d)' % self._gettypenum(tp)
+            errvalue = 'NULL'
+        #
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError(tp)
+        #
+        self._prnt('  %s = %s(%s%s);' % (tovar, converter, fromvar, extraarg))
+        self._prnt('  if (%s == (%s)%s && PyErr_Occurred())' % (
+            tovar, tp.get_c_name(''), errvalue))
+        self._prnt('    %s;' % errcode)
+
+    def _extra_local_variables(self, tp, localvars, freelines):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.PointerType):
+            localvars.add('Py_ssize_t datasize')
+            localvars.add('struct _cffi_freeme_s *large_args_free = NULL')
+            freelines.add('if (large_args_free != NULL)'
+                          ' _cffi_free_array_arguments(large_args_free);')
+
+    def _convert_funcarg_to_c_ptr_or_array(self, tp, fromvar, tovar, errcode):
+        self._prnt('  datasize = _cffi_prepare_pointer_call_argument(')
+        self._prnt('      _cffi_type(%d), %s, (char **)&%s);' % (
+            self._gettypenum(tp), fromvar, tovar))
+        self._prnt('  if (datasize != 0) {')
+        self._prnt('    %s = ((size_t)datasize) <= 640 ? '
+                   'alloca((size_t)datasize) : NULL;' % (tovar,))
+        self._prnt('    if (_cffi_convert_array_argument(_cffi_type(%d), %s, '
+                   '(char **)&%s,' % (self._gettypenum(tp), fromvar, tovar))
+        self._prnt('            datasize, &large_args_free) < 0)')
+        self._prnt('      %s;' % errcode)
+        self._prnt('  }')
+
+    def _convert_expr_from_c(self, tp, var, context):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType):
+            if tp.is_integer_type() and tp.name != '_Bool':
+                return '_cffi_from_c_int(%s, %s)' % (var, tp.name)
+            elif tp.name != 'long double':
+                return '_cffi_from_c_%s(%s)' % (tp.name.replace(' ', '_'), var)
+            else:
+                return '_cffi_from_c_deref((char *)&%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                    var, self._gettypenum(tp))
+        elif isinstance(tp, (model.PointerType, model.FunctionPtrType)):
+            return '_cffi_from_c_pointer((char *)%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                var, self._gettypenum(tp))
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
+            return '_cffi_from_c_pointer((char *)%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                var, self._gettypenum(model.PointerType(tp.item)))
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
+            if tp.fldnames is None:
+                raise TypeError("'%s' is used as %s, but is opaque" % (
+                    tp._get_c_name(), context))
+            return '_cffi_from_c_struct((char *)&%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                var, self._gettypenum(tp))
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            return '_cffi_from_c_deref((char *)&%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
+                var, self._gettypenum(tp))
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError(tp)
+
+    # ----------
+    # typedefs: generates no code so far
+
+    _generate_cpy_typedef_collecttype = _generate_nothing
+    _generate_cpy_typedef_decl   = _generate_nothing
+    _generate_cpy_typedef_method = _generate_nothing
+    _loading_cpy_typedef         = _loaded_noop
+    _loaded_cpy_typedef          = _loaded_noop
+
+    # ----------
+    # function declarations
+
+    def _generate_cpy_function_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        assert isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType)
+        if tp.ellipsis:
+            self._do_collect_type(tp)
+        else:
+            # don't call _do_collect_type(tp) in this common case,
+            # otherwise test_autofilled_struct_as_argument fails
+            for type in tp.args:
+                self._do_collect_type(type)
+            self._do_collect_type(tp.result)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_function_decl(self, tp, name):
+        assert isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType)
+        if tp.ellipsis:
+            # cannot support vararg functions better than this: check for its
+            # exact type (including the fixed arguments), and build it as a
+            # constant function pointer (no CPython wrapper)
+            self._generate_cpy_const(False, name, tp)
+            return
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        numargs = len(tp.args)
+        if numargs == 0:
+            argname = 'noarg'
+        elif numargs == 1:
+            argname = 'arg0'
+        else:
+            argname = 'args'
+        prnt('static PyObject *')
+        prnt('_cffi_f_%s(PyObject *self, PyObject *%s)' % (name, argname))
+        prnt('{')
+        #
+        context = 'argument of %s' % name
+        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
+            prnt('  %s;' % type.get_c_name(' x%d' % i, context))
+        #
+        localvars = set()
+        freelines = set()
+        for type in tp.args:
+            self._extra_local_variables(type, localvars, freelines)
+        for decl in sorted(localvars):
+            prnt('  %s;' % (decl,))
+        #
+        if not isinstance(tp.result, model.VoidType):
+            result_code = 'result = '
+            context = 'result of %s' % name
+            prnt('  %s;' % tp.result.get_c_name(' result', context))
+            prnt('  PyObject *pyresult;')
+        else:
+            result_code = ''
+        #
+        if len(tp.args) > 1:
+            rng = range(len(tp.args))
+            for i in rng:
+                prnt('  PyObject *arg%d;' % i)
+            prnt()
+            prnt('  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "%s:%s", %s))' % (
+                'O' * numargs, name, ', '.join(['&arg%d' % i for i in rng])))
+            prnt('    return NULL;')
+        prnt()
+        #
+        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
+            self._convert_funcarg_to_c(type, 'arg%d' % i, 'x%d' % i,
+                                       'return NULL')
+            prnt()
+        #
+        prnt('  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS')
+        prnt('  _cffi_restore_errno();')
+        prnt('  { %s%s(%s); }' % (
+            result_code, name,
+            ', '.join(['x%d' % i for i in range(len(tp.args))])))
+        prnt('  _cffi_save_errno();')
+        prnt('  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS')
+        prnt()
+        #
+        prnt('  (void)self; /* unused */')
+        if numargs == 0:
+            prnt('  (void)noarg; /* unused */')
+        if result_code:
+            prnt('  pyresult = %s;' %
+                 self._convert_expr_from_c(tp.result, 'result', 'result type'))
+            for freeline in freelines:
+                prnt('  ' + freeline)
+            prnt('  return pyresult;')
+        else:
+            for freeline in freelines:
+                prnt('  ' + freeline)
+            prnt('  Py_INCREF(Py_None);')
+            prnt('  return Py_None;')
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    def _generate_cpy_function_method(self, tp, name):
+        if tp.ellipsis:
+            return
+        numargs = len(tp.args)
+        if numargs == 0:
+            meth = 'METH_NOARGS'
+        elif numargs == 1:
+            meth = 'METH_O'
+        else:
+            meth = 'METH_VARARGS'
+        self._prnt('  {"%s", _cffi_f_%s, %s, NULL},' % (name, name, meth))
+
+    _loading_cpy_function = _loaded_noop
+
+    def _loaded_cpy_function(self, tp, name, module, library):
+        if tp.ellipsis:
+            return
+        func = getattr(module, name)
+        setattr(library, name, func)
+        self._types_of_builtin_functions[func] = tp
+
+    # ----------
+    # named structs
+
+    _generate_cpy_struct_collecttype = _generate_nothing
+    def _generate_cpy_struct_decl(self, tp, name):
+        assert name == tp.name
+        self._generate_struct_or_union_decl(tp, 'struct', name)
+    def _generate_cpy_struct_method(self, tp, name):
+        self._generate_struct_or_union_method(tp, 'struct', name)
+    def _loading_cpy_struct(self, tp, name, module):
+        self._loading_struct_or_union(tp, 'struct', name, module)
+    def _loaded_cpy_struct(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
+        self._loaded_struct_or_union(tp)
+
+    _generate_cpy_union_collecttype = _generate_nothing
+    def _generate_cpy_union_decl(self, tp, name):
+        assert name == tp.name
+        self._generate_struct_or_union_decl(tp, 'union', name)
+    def _generate_cpy_union_method(self, tp, name):
+        self._generate_struct_or_union_method(tp, 'union', name)
+    def _loading_cpy_union(self, tp, name, module):
+        self._loading_struct_or_union(tp, 'union', name, module)
+    def _loaded_cpy_union(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
+        self._loaded_struct_or_union(tp)
+
+    def _generate_struct_or_union_decl(self, tp, prefix, name):
+        if tp.fldnames is None:
+            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
+        checkfuncname = '_cffi_check_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
+        layoutfuncname = '_cffi_layout_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
+        cname = ('%s %s' % (prefix, name)).strip()
+        #
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        prnt('static void %s(%s *p)' % (checkfuncname, cname))
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  /* only to generate compile-time warnings or errors */')
+        prnt('  (void)p;')
+        for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in tp.enumfields():
+            if (isinstance(ftype, model.PrimitiveType)
+                and ftype.is_integer_type()) or fbitsize >= 0:
+                # accept all integers, but complain on float or double
+                prnt('  (void)((p->%s) << 1);' % fname)
+            else:
+                # only accept exactly the type declared.
+                try:
+                    prnt('  { %s = &p->%s; (void)tmp; }' % (
+                        ftype.get_c_name('*tmp', 'field %r'%fname, quals=fqual),
+                        fname))
+                except VerificationError as e:
+                    prnt('  /* %s */' % str(e))   # cannot verify it, ignore
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt('static PyObject *')
+        prnt('%s(PyObject *self, PyObject *noarg)' % (layoutfuncname,))
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  struct _cffi_aligncheck { char x; %s y; };' % cname)
+        prnt('  static Py_ssize_t nums[] = {')
+        prnt('    sizeof(%s),' % cname)
+        prnt('    offsetof(struct _cffi_aligncheck, y),')
+        for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in tp.enumfields():
+            if fbitsize >= 0:
+                continue      # xxx ignore fbitsize for now
+            prnt('    offsetof(%s, %s),' % (cname, fname))
+            if isinstance(ftype, model.ArrayType) and ftype.length is None:
+                prnt('    0,  /* %s */' % ftype._get_c_name())
+            else:
+                prnt('    sizeof(((%s *)0)->%s),' % (cname, fname))
+        prnt('    -1')
+        prnt('  };')
+        prnt('  (void)self; /* unused */')
+        prnt('  (void)noarg; /* unused */')
+        prnt('  return _cffi_get_struct_layout(nums);')
+        prnt('  /* the next line is not executed, but compiled */')
+        prnt('  %s(0);' % (checkfuncname,))
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    def _generate_struct_or_union_method(self, tp, prefix, name):
+        if tp.fldnames is None:
+            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
+        layoutfuncname = '_cffi_layout_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
+        self._prnt('  {"%s", %s, METH_NOARGS, NULL},' % (layoutfuncname,
+                                                         layoutfuncname))
+
+    def _loading_struct_or_union(self, tp, prefix, name, module):
+        if tp.fldnames is None:
+            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
+        layoutfuncname = '_cffi_layout_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
+        #
+        function = getattr(module, layoutfuncname)
+        layout = function()
+        if isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion) and tp.partial:
+            # use the function()'s sizes and offsets to guide the
+            # layout of the struct
+            totalsize = layout[0]
+            totalalignment = layout[1]
+            fieldofs = layout[2::2]
+            fieldsize = layout[3::2]
+            tp.force_flatten()
+            assert len(fieldofs) == len(fieldsize) == len(tp.fldnames)
+            tp.fixedlayout = fieldofs, fieldsize, totalsize, totalalignment
+        else:
+            cname = ('%s %s' % (prefix, name)).strip()
+            self._struct_pending_verification[tp] = layout, cname
+
+    def _loaded_struct_or_union(self, tp):
+        if tp.fldnames is None:
+            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
+        self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)   # force 'fixedlayout' to be considered
+
+        if tp in self._struct_pending_verification:
+            # check that the layout sizes and offsets match the real ones
+            def check(realvalue, expectedvalue, msg):
+                if realvalue != expectedvalue:
+                    raise VerificationError(
+                        "%s (we have %d, but C compiler says %d)"
+                        % (msg, expectedvalue, realvalue))
+            ffi = self.ffi
+            BStruct = ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
+            layout, cname = self._struct_pending_verification.pop(tp)
+            check(layout[0], ffi.sizeof(BStruct), "wrong total size")
+            check(layout[1], ffi.alignof(BStruct), "wrong total alignment")
+            i = 2
+            for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in tp.enumfields():
+                if fbitsize >= 0:
+                    continue        # xxx ignore fbitsize for now
+                check(layout[i], ffi.offsetof(BStruct, fname),
+                      "wrong offset for field %r" % (fname,))
+                if layout[i+1] != 0:
+                    BField = ffi._get_cached_btype(ftype)
+                    check(layout[i+1], ffi.sizeof(BField),
+                          "wrong size for field %r" % (fname,))
+                i += 2
+            assert i == len(layout)
+
+    # ----------
+    # 'anonymous' declarations.  These are produced for anonymous structs
+    # or unions; the 'name' is obtained by a typedef.
+
+    _generate_cpy_anonymous_collecttype = _generate_nothing
+
+    def _generate_cpy_anonymous_decl(self, tp, name):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._generate_cpy_enum_decl(tp, name, '')
+        else:
+            self._generate_struct_or_union_decl(tp, '', name)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_anonymous_method(self, tp, name):
+        if not isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._generate_struct_or_union_method(tp, '', name)
+
+    def _loading_cpy_anonymous(self, tp, name, module):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._loading_cpy_enum(tp, name, module)
+        else:
+            self._loading_struct_or_union(tp, '', name, module)
+
+    def _loaded_cpy_anonymous(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._loaded_cpy_enum(tp, name, module, **kwds)
+        else:
+            self._loaded_struct_or_union(tp)
+
+    # ----------
+    # constants, likely declared with '#define'
+
+    def _generate_cpy_const(self, is_int, name, tp=None, category='const',
+                            vartp=None, delayed=True, size_too=False,
+                            check_value=None):
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        funcname = '_cffi_%s_%s' % (category, name)
+        prnt('static int %s(PyObject *lib)' % funcname)
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  PyObject *o;')
+        prnt('  int res;')
+        if not is_int:
+            prnt('  %s;' % (vartp or tp).get_c_name(' i', name))
+        else:
+            assert category == 'const'
+        #
+        if check_value is not None:
+            self._check_int_constant_value(name, check_value)
+        #
+        if not is_int:
+            if category == 'var':
+                realexpr = '&' + name
+            else:
+                realexpr = name
+            prnt('  i = (%s);' % (realexpr,))
+            prnt('  o = %s;' % (self._convert_expr_from_c(tp, 'i',
+                                                          'variable type'),))
+            assert delayed
+        else:
+            prnt('  o = _cffi_from_c_int_const(%s);' % name)
+        prnt('  if (o == NULL)')
+        prnt('    return -1;')
+        if size_too:
+            prnt('  {')
+            prnt('    PyObject *o1 = o;')
+            prnt('    o = Py_BuildValue("On", o1, (Py_ssize_t)sizeof(%s));'
+                 % (name,))
+            prnt('    Py_DECREF(o1);')
+            prnt('    if (o == NULL)')
+            prnt('      return -1;')
+            prnt('  }')
+        prnt('  res = PyObject_SetAttrString(lib, "%s", o);' % name)
+        prnt('  Py_DECREF(o);')
+        prnt('  if (res < 0)')
+        prnt('    return -1;')
+        prnt('  return %s;' % self._chained_list_constants[delayed])
+        self._chained_list_constants[delayed] = funcname + '(lib)'
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    def _generate_cpy_constant_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        is_int = isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType) and tp.is_integer_type()
+        if not is_int:
+            self._do_collect_type(tp)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_constant_decl(self, tp, name):
+        is_int = isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType) and tp.is_integer_type()
+        self._generate_cpy_const(is_int, name, tp)
+
+    _generate_cpy_constant_method = _generate_nothing
+    _loading_cpy_constant = _loaded_noop
+    _loaded_cpy_constant  = _loaded_noop
+
+    # ----------
+    # enums
+
+    def _check_int_constant_value(self, name, value, err_prefix=''):
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        if value <= 0:
+            prnt('  if ((%s) > 0 || (long)(%s) != %dL) {' % (
+                name, name, value))
+        else:
+            prnt('  if ((%s) <= 0 || (unsigned long)(%s) != %dUL) {' % (
+                name, name, value))
+        prnt('    char buf[64];')
+        prnt('    if ((%s) <= 0)' % name)
+        prnt('        snprintf(buf, 63, "%%ld", (long)(%s));' % name)
+        prnt('    else')
+        prnt('        snprintf(buf, 63, "%%lu", (unsigned long)(%s));' %
+             name)
+        prnt('    PyErr_Format(_cffi_VerificationError,')
+        prnt('                 "%s%s has the real value %s, not %s",')
+        prnt('                 "%s", "%s", buf, "%d");' % (
+            err_prefix, name, value))
+        prnt('    return -1;')
+        prnt('  }')
+
+    def _enum_funcname(self, prefix, name):
+        # "$enum_$1" => "___D_enum____D_1"
+        name = name.replace('$', '___D_')
+        return '_cffi_e_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_enum_decl(self, tp, name, prefix='enum'):
+        if tp.partial:
+            for enumerator in tp.enumerators:
+                self._generate_cpy_const(True, enumerator, delayed=False)
+            return
+        #
+        funcname = self._enum_funcname(prefix, name)
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        prnt('static int %s(PyObject *lib)' % funcname)
+        prnt('{')
+        for enumerator, enumvalue in zip(tp.enumerators, tp.enumvalues):
+            self._check_int_constant_value(enumerator, enumvalue,
+                                           "enum %s: " % name)
+        prnt('  return %s;' % self._chained_list_constants[True])
+        self._chained_list_constants[True] = funcname + '(lib)'
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    _generate_cpy_enum_collecttype = _generate_nothing
+    _generate_cpy_enum_method = _generate_nothing
+
+    def _loading_cpy_enum(self, tp, name, module):
+        if tp.partial:
+            enumvalues = [getattr(module, enumerator)
+                          for enumerator in tp.enumerators]
+            tp.enumvalues = tuple(enumvalues)
+            tp.partial_resolved = True
+
+    def _loaded_cpy_enum(self, tp, name, module, library):
+        for enumerator, enumvalue in zip(tp.enumerators, tp.enumvalues):
+            setattr(library, enumerator, enumvalue)
+
+    # ----------
+    # macros: for now only for integers
+
+    def _generate_cpy_macro_decl(self, tp, name):
+        if tp == '...':
+            check_value = None
+        else:
+            check_value = tp     # an integer
+        self._generate_cpy_const(True, name, check_value=check_value)
+
+    _generate_cpy_macro_collecttype = _generate_nothing
+    _generate_cpy_macro_method = _generate_nothing
+    _loading_cpy_macro = _loaded_noop
+    _loaded_cpy_macro  = _loaded_noop
+
+    # ----------
+    # global variables
+
+    def _generate_cpy_variable_collecttype(self, tp, name):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
+            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp.item)
+        else:
+            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp)
+        self._do_collect_type(tp_ptr)
+
+    def _generate_cpy_variable_decl(self, tp, name):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
+            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp.item)
+            self._generate_cpy_const(False, name, tp, vartp=tp_ptr,
+                                     size_too = tp.length_is_unknown())
+        else:
+            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp)
+            self._generate_cpy_const(False, name, tp_ptr, category='var')
+
+    _generate_cpy_variable_method = _generate_nothing
+    _loading_cpy_variable = _loaded_noop
+
+    def _loaded_cpy_variable(self, tp, name, module, library):
+        value = getattr(library, name)
+        if isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):   # int a[5] is "constant" in the
+                                              # sense that "a=..." is forbidden
+            if tp.length_is_unknown():
+                assert isinstance(value, tuple)
+                (value, size) = value
+                BItemType = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp.item)
+                length, rest = divmod(size, self.ffi.sizeof(BItemType))
+                if rest != 0:
+                    raise VerificationError(
+                        "bad size: %r does not seem to be an array of %s" %
+                        (name, tp.item))
+                tp = tp.resolve_length(length)
+            # 'value' is a <cdata 'type *'> which we have to replace with
+            # a <cdata 'type[N]'> if the N is actually known
+            if tp.length is not None:
+                BArray = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
+                value = self.ffi.cast(BArray, value)
+                setattr(library, name, value)
+            return
+        # remove ptr=<cdata 'int *'> from the library instance, and replace
+        # it by a property on the class, which reads/writes into ptr[0].
+        ptr = value
+        delattr(library, name)
+        def getter(library):
+            return ptr[0]
+        def setter(library, value):
+            ptr[0] = value
+        setattr(type(library), name, property(getter, setter))
+        type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)
+
+    # ----------
+
+    def _generate_setup_custom(self):
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        prnt('static int _cffi_setup_custom(PyObject *lib)')
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  return %s;' % self._chained_list_constants[True])
+        prnt('}')
+
+cffimod_header = r'''
+#include <Python.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/* this block of #ifs should be kept exactly identical between
+   c/_cffi_backend.c, cffi/vengine_cpy.py, cffi/vengine_gen.py
+   and cffi/_cffi_include.h */
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+# include <malloc.h>   /* for alloca() */
+# if _MSC_VER < 1600   /* MSVC < 2010 */
+   typedef __int8 int8_t;
+   typedef __int16 int16_t;
+   typedef __int32 int32_t;
+   typedef __int64 int64_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
+   typedef __int8 int_least8_t;
+   typedef __int16 int_least16_t;
+   typedef __int32 int_least32_t;
+   typedef __int64 int_least64_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int8 uint_least8_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int16 uint_least16_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int32 uint_least32_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uint_least64_t;
+   typedef __int8 int_fast8_t;
+   typedef __int16 int_fast16_t;
+   typedef __int32 int_fast32_t;
+   typedef __int64 int_fast64_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int8 uint_fast8_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int16 uint_fast16_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int32 uint_fast32_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uint_fast64_t;
+   typedef __int64 intmax_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uintmax_t;
+# else
+#  include <stdint.h>
+# endif
+# if _MSC_VER < 1800   /* MSVC < 2013 */
+#  ifndef __cplusplus
+    typedef unsigned char _Bool;
+#  endif
+# endif
+#else
+# include <stdint.h>
+# if (defined (__SVR4) && defined (__sun)) || defined(_AIX) || defined(__hpux)
+#  include <alloca.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+# undef PyCapsule_CheckExact
+# undef PyCapsule_GetPointer
+# define PyCapsule_CheckExact(capsule) (PyCObject_Check(capsule))
+# define PyCapsule_GetPointer(capsule, name) \
+    (PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(capsule))
+#endif
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+# define PyInt_FromLong PyLong_FromLong
+#endif
+
+#define _cffi_from_c_double PyFloat_FromDouble
+#define _cffi_from_c_float PyFloat_FromDouble
+#define _cffi_from_c_long PyInt_FromLong
+#define _cffi_from_c_ulong PyLong_FromUnsignedLong
+#define _cffi_from_c_longlong PyLong_FromLongLong
+#define _cffi_from_c_ulonglong PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong
+#define _cffi_from_c__Bool PyBool_FromLong
+
+#define _cffi_to_c_double PyFloat_AsDouble
+#define _cffi_to_c_float PyFloat_AsDouble
+
+#define _cffi_from_c_int_const(x)                                        \
+    (((x) > 0) ?                                                         \
+        ((unsigned long long)(x) <= (unsigned long long)LONG_MAX) ?      \
+            PyInt_FromLong((long)(x)) :                                  \
+            PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong((unsigned long long)(x)) :       \
+        ((long long)(x) >= (long long)LONG_MIN) ?                        \
+            PyInt_FromLong((long)(x)) :                                  \
+            PyLong_FromLongLong((long long)(x)))
+
+#define _cffi_from_c_int(x, type)                                        \
+    (((type)-1) > 0 ? /* unsigned */                                     \
+        (sizeof(type) < sizeof(long) ?                                   \
+            PyInt_FromLong((long)x) :                                    \
+         sizeof(type) == sizeof(long) ?                                  \
+            PyLong_FromUnsignedLong((unsigned long)x) :                  \
+            PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong((unsigned long long)x)) :        \
+        (sizeof(type) <= sizeof(long) ?                                  \
+            PyInt_FromLong((long)x) :                                    \
+            PyLong_FromLongLong((long long)x)))
+
+#define _cffi_to_c_int(o, type)                                          \
+    ((type)(                                                             \
+     sizeof(type) == 1 ? (((type)-1) > 0 ? (type)_cffi_to_c_u8(o)        \
+                                         : (type)_cffi_to_c_i8(o)) :     \
+     sizeof(type) == 2 ? (((type)-1) > 0 ? (type)_cffi_to_c_u16(o)       \
+                                         : (type)_cffi_to_c_i16(o)) :    \
+     sizeof(type) == 4 ? (((type)-1) > 0 ? (type)_cffi_to_c_u32(o)       \
+                                         : (type)_cffi_to_c_i32(o)) :    \
+     sizeof(type) == 8 ? (((type)-1) > 0 ? (type)_cffi_to_c_u64(o)       \
+                                         : (type)_cffi_to_c_i64(o)) :    \
+     (Py_FatalError("unsupported size for type " #type), (type)0)))
+
+#define _cffi_to_c_i8                                                    \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[1])
+#define _cffi_to_c_u8                                                    \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[2])
+#define _cffi_to_c_i16                                                   \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[3])
+#define _cffi_to_c_u16                                                   \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[4])
+#define _cffi_to_c_i32                                                   \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[5])
+#define _cffi_to_c_u32                                                   \
+                 ((unsigned int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[6])
+#define _cffi_to_c_i64                                                   \
+                 ((long long(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[7])
+#define _cffi_to_c_u64                                                   \
+                 ((unsigned long long(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[8])
+#define _cffi_to_c_char                                                  \
+                 ((int(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[9])
+#define _cffi_from_c_pointer                                             \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(char *, CTypeDescrObject *))_cffi_exports[10])
+#define _cffi_to_c_pointer                                               \
+    ((char *(*)(PyObject *, CTypeDescrObject *))_cffi_exports[11])
+#define _cffi_get_struct_layout                                          \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(Py_ssize_t[]))_cffi_exports[12])
+#define _cffi_restore_errno                                              \
+    ((void(*)(void))_cffi_exports[13])
+#define _cffi_save_errno                                                 \
+    ((void(*)(void))_cffi_exports[14])
+#define _cffi_from_c_char                                                \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(char))_cffi_exports[15])
+#define _cffi_from_c_deref                                               \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(char *, CTypeDescrObject *))_cffi_exports[16])
+#define _cffi_to_c                                                       \
+    ((int(*)(char *, CTypeDescrObject *, PyObject *))_cffi_exports[17])
+#define _cffi_from_c_struct                                              \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(char *, CTypeDescrObject *))_cffi_exports[18])
+#define _cffi_to_c_wchar_t                                               \
+    ((wchar_t(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[19])
+#define _cffi_from_c_wchar_t                                             \
+    ((PyObject *(*)(wchar_t))_cffi_exports[20])
+#define _cffi_to_c_long_double                                           \
+    ((long double(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[21])
+#define _cffi_to_c__Bool                                                 \
+    ((_Bool(*)(PyObject *))_cffi_exports[22])
+#define _cffi_prepare_pointer_call_argument                              \
+    ((Py_ssize_t(*)(CTypeDescrObject *, PyObject *, char **))_cffi_exports[23])
+#define _cffi_convert_array_from_object                                  \
+    ((int(*)(char *, CTypeDescrObject *, PyObject *))_cffi_exports[24])
+#define _CFFI_NUM_EXPORTS 25
+
+typedef struct _ctypedescr CTypeDescrObject;
+
+static void *_cffi_exports[_CFFI_NUM_EXPORTS];
+static PyObject *_cffi_types, *_cffi_VerificationError;
+
+static int _cffi_setup_custom(PyObject *lib);   /* forward */
+
+static PyObject *_cffi_setup(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+    PyObject *library;
+    int was_alive = (_cffi_types != NULL);
+    (void)self; /* unused */
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "OOO", &_cffi_types, &_cffi_VerificationError,
+                                       &library))
+        return NULL;
+    Py_INCREF(_cffi_types);
+    Py_INCREF(_cffi_VerificationError);
+    if (_cffi_setup_custom(library) < 0)
+        return NULL;
+    return PyBool_FromLong(was_alive);
+}
+
+union _cffi_union_alignment_u {
+    unsigned char m_char;
+    unsigned short m_short;
+    unsigned int m_int;
+    unsigned long m_long;
+    unsigned long long m_longlong;
+    float m_float;
+    double m_double;
+    long double m_longdouble;
+};
+
+struct _cffi_freeme_s {
+    struct _cffi_freeme_s *next;
+    union _cffi_union_alignment_u alignment;
+};
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+  __attribute__((unused))
+#endif
+static int _cffi_convert_array_argument(CTypeDescrObject *ctptr, PyObject *arg,
+                                        char **output_data, Py_ssize_t datasize,
+                                        struct _cffi_freeme_s **freeme)
+{
+    char *p;
+    if (datasize < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    p = *output_data;
+    if (p == NULL) {
+        struct _cffi_freeme_s *fp = (struct _cffi_freeme_s *)PyObject_Malloc(
+            offsetof(struct _cffi_freeme_s, alignment) + (size_t)datasize);
+        if (fp == NULL)
+            return -1;
+        fp->next = *freeme;
+        *freeme = fp;
+        p = *output_data = (char *)&fp->alignment;
+    }
+    memset((void *)p, 0, (size_t)datasize);
+    return _cffi_convert_array_from_object(p, ctptr, arg);
+}
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+  __attribute__((unused))
+#endif
+static void _cffi_free_array_arguments(struct _cffi_freeme_s *freeme)
+{
+    do {
+        void *p = (void *)freeme;
+        freeme = freeme->next;
+        PyObject_Free(p);
+    } while (freeme != NULL);
+}
+
+static int _cffi_init(void)
+{
+    PyObject *module, *c_api_object = NULL;
+
+    module = PyImport_ImportModule("_cffi_backend");
+    if (module == NULL)
+        goto failure;
+
+    c_api_object = PyObject_GetAttrString(module, "_C_API");
+    if (c_api_object == NULL)
+        goto failure;
+    if (!PyCapsule_CheckExact(c_api_object)) {
+        PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_ImportError);
+        goto failure;
+    }
+    memcpy(_cffi_exports, PyCapsule_GetPointer(c_api_object, "cffi"),
+           _CFFI_NUM_EXPORTS * sizeof(void *));
+
+    Py_DECREF(module);
+    Py_DECREF(c_api_object);
+    return 0;
+
+  failure:
+    Py_XDECREF(module);
+    Py_XDECREF(c_api_object);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+#define _cffi_type(num) ((CTypeDescrObject *)PyList_GET_ITEM(_cffi_types, num))
+
+/**********/
+'''
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/vengine_gen.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/vengine_gen.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2642152
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/vengine_gen.py
@@ -0,0 +1,675 @@
+#
+# DEPRECATED: implementation for ffi.verify()
+#
+import sys, os
+import types
+
+from . import model
+from .error import VerificationError
+
+
+class VGenericEngine(object):
+    _class_key = 'g'
+    _gen_python_module = False
+
+    def __init__(self, verifier):
+        self.verifier = verifier
+        self.ffi = verifier.ffi
+        self.export_symbols = []
+        self._struct_pending_verification = {}
+
+    def patch_extension_kwds(self, kwds):
+        # add 'export_symbols' to the dictionary.  Note that we add the
+        # list before filling it.  When we fill it, it will thus also show
+        # up in kwds['export_symbols'].
+        kwds.setdefault('export_symbols', self.export_symbols)
+
+    def find_module(self, module_name, path, so_suffixes):
+        for so_suffix in so_suffixes:
+            basename = module_name + so_suffix
+            if path is None:
+                path = sys.path
+            for dirname in path:
+                filename = os.path.join(dirname, basename)
+                if os.path.isfile(filename):
+                    return filename
+
+    def collect_types(self):
+        pass      # not needed in the generic engine
+
+    def _prnt(self, what=''):
+        self._f.write(what + '\n')
+
+    def write_source_to_f(self):
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        # first paste some standard set of lines that are mostly '#include'
+        prnt(cffimod_header)
+        # then paste the C source given by the user, verbatim.
+        prnt(self.verifier.preamble)
+        #
+        # call generate_gen_xxx_decl(), for every xxx found from
+        # ffi._parser._declarations.  This generates all the functions.
+        self._generate('decl')
+        #
+        # on Windows, distutils insists on putting init_cffi_xyz in
+        # 'export_symbols', so instead of fighting it, just give up and
+        # give it one
+        if sys.platform == 'win32':
+            if sys.version_info >= (3,):
+                prefix = 'PyInit_'
+            else:
+                prefix = 'init'
+            modname = self.verifier.get_module_name()
+            prnt("void %s%s(void) { }\n" % (prefix, modname))
+
+    def load_library(self, flags=0):
+        # import it with the CFFI backend
+        backend = self.ffi._backend
+        # needs to make a path that contains '/', on Posix
+        filename = os.path.join(os.curdir, self.verifier.modulefilename)
+        module = backend.load_library(filename, flags)
+        #
+        # call loading_gen_struct() to get the struct layout inferred by
+        # the C compiler
+        self._load(module, 'loading')
+
+        # build the FFILibrary class and instance, this is a module subclass
+        # because modules are expected to have usually-constant-attributes and
+        # in PyPy this means the JIT is able to treat attributes as constant,
+        # which we want.
+        class FFILibrary(types.ModuleType):
+            _cffi_generic_module = module
+            _cffi_ffi = self.ffi
+            _cffi_dir = []
+            def __dir__(self):
+                return FFILibrary._cffi_dir
+        library = FFILibrary("")
+        #
+        # finally, call the loaded_gen_xxx() functions.  This will set
+        # up the 'library' object.
+        self._load(module, 'loaded', library=library)
+        return library
+
+    def _get_declarations(self):
+        lst = [(key, tp) for (key, (tp, qual)) in
+                                self.ffi._parser._declarations.items()]
+        lst.sort()
+        return lst
+
+    def _generate(self, step_name):
+        for name, tp in self._get_declarations():
+            kind, realname = name.split(' ', 1)
+            try:
+                method = getattr(self, '_generate_gen_%s_%s' % (kind,
+                                                                step_name))
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise VerificationError(
+                    "not implemented in verify(): %r" % name)
+            try:
+                method(tp, realname)
+            except Exception as e:
+                model.attach_exception_info(e, name)
+                raise
+
+    def _load(self, module, step_name, **kwds):
+        for name, tp in self._get_declarations():
+            kind, realname = name.split(' ', 1)
+            method = getattr(self, '_%s_gen_%s' % (step_name, kind))
+            try:
+                method(tp, realname, module, **kwds)
+            except Exception as e:
+                model.attach_exception_info(e, name)
+                raise
+
+    def _generate_nothing(self, tp, name):
+        pass
+
+    def _loaded_noop(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
+        pass
+
+    # ----------
+    # typedefs: generates no code so far
+
+    _generate_gen_typedef_decl   = _generate_nothing
+    _loading_gen_typedef         = _loaded_noop
+    _loaded_gen_typedef          = _loaded_noop
+
+    # ----------
+    # function declarations
+
+    def _generate_gen_function_decl(self, tp, name):
+        assert isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType)
+        if tp.ellipsis:
+            # cannot support vararg functions better than this: check for its
+            # exact type (including the fixed arguments), and build it as a
+            # constant function pointer (no _cffi_f_%s wrapper)
+            self._generate_gen_const(False, name, tp)
+            return
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        numargs = len(tp.args)
+        argnames = []
+        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
+            indirection = ''
+            if isinstance(type, model.StructOrUnion):
+                indirection = '*'
+            argnames.append('%sx%d' % (indirection, i))
+        context = 'argument of %s' % name
+        arglist = [type.get_c_name(' %s' % arg, context)
+                   for type, arg in zip(tp.args, argnames)]
+        tpresult = tp.result
+        if isinstance(tpresult, model.StructOrUnion):
+            arglist.insert(0, tpresult.get_c_name(' *r', context))
+            tpresult = model.void_type
+        arglist = ', '.join(arglist) or 'void'
+        wrappername = '_cffi_f_%s' % name
+        self.export_symbols.append(wrappername)
+        if tp.abi:
+            abi = tp.abi + ' '
+        else:
+            abi = ''
+        funcdecl = ' %s%s(%s)' % (abi, wrappername, arglist)
+        context = 'result of %s' % name
+        prnt(tpresult.get_c_name(funcdecl, context))
+        prnt('{')
+        #
+        if isinstance(tp.result, model.StructOrUnion):
+            result_code = '*r = '
+        elif not isinstance(tp.result, model.VoidType):
+            result_code = 'return '
+        else:
+            result_code = ''
+        prnt('  %s%s(%s);' % (result_code, name, ', '.join(argnames)))
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    _loading_gen_function = _loaded_noop
+
+    def _loaded_gen_function(self, tp, name, module, library):
+        assert isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType)
+        if tp.ellipsis:
+            newfunction = self._load_constant(False, tp, name, module)
+        else:
+            indirections = []
+            base_tp = tp
+            if (any(isinstance(typ, model.StructOrUnion) for typ in tp.args)
+                    or isinstance(tp.result, model.StructOrUnion)):
+                indirect_args = []
+                for i, typ in enumerate(tp.args):
+                    if isinstance(typ, model.StructOrUnion):
+                        typ = model.PointerType(typ)
+                        indirections.append((i, typ))
+                    indirect_args.append(typ)
+                indirect_result = tp.result
+                if isinstance(indirect_result, model.StructOrUnion):
+                    if indirect_result.fldtypes is None:
+                        raise TypeError("'%s' is used as result type, "
+                                        "but is opaque" % (
+                                            indirect_result._get_c_name(),))
+                    indirect_result = model.PointerType(indirect_result)
+                    indirect_args.insert(0, indirect_result)
+                    indirections.insert(0, ("result", indirect_result))
+                    indirect_result = model.void_type
+                tp = model.FunctionPtrType(tuple(indirect_args),
+                                           indirect_result, tp.ellipsis)
+            BFunc = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
+            wrappername = '_cffi_f_%s' % name
+            newfunction = module.load_function(BFunc, wrappername)
+            for i, typ in indirections:
+                newfunction = self._make_struct_wrapper(newfunction, i, typ,
+                                                        base_tp)
+        setattr(library, name, newfunction)
+        type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)
+
+    def _make_struct_wrapper(self, oldfunc, i, tp, base_tp):
+        backend = self.ffi._backend
+        BType = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
+        if i == "result":
+            ffi = self.ffi
+            def newfunc(*args):
+                res = ffi.new(BType)
+                oldfunc(res, *args)
+                return res[0]
+        else:
+            def newfunc(*args):
+                args = args[:i] + (backend.newp(BType, args[i]),) + args[i+1:]
+                return oldfunc(*args)
+        newfunc._cffi_base_type = base_tp
+        return newfunc
+
+    # ----------
+    # named structs
+
+    def _generate_gen_struct_decl(self, tp, name):
+        assert name == tp.name
+        self._generate_struct_or_union_decl(tp, 'struct', name)
+
+    def _loading_gen_struct(self, tp, name, module):
+        self._loading_struct_or_union(tp, 'struct', name, module)
+
+    def _loaded_gen_struct(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
+        self._loaded_struct_or_union(tp)
+
+    def _generate_gen_union_decl(self, tp, name):
+        assert name == tp.name
+        self._generate_struct_or_union_decl(tp, 'union', name)
+
+    def _loading_gen_union(self, tp, name, module):
+        self._loading_struct_or_union(tp, 'union', name, module)
+
+    def _loaded_gen_union(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
+        self._loaded_struct_or_union(tp)
+
+    def _generate_struct_or_union_decl(self, tp, prefix, name):
+        if tp.fldnames is None:
+            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
+        checkfuncname = '_cffi_check_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
+        layoutfuncname = '_cffi_layout_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
+        cname = ('%s %s' % (prefix, name)).strip()
+        #
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        prnt('static void %s(%s *p)' % (checkfuncname, cname))
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  /* only to generate compile-time warnings or errors */')
+        prnt('  (void)p;')
+        for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in tp.enumfields():
+            if (isinstance(ftype, model.PrimitiveType)
+                and ftype.is_integer_type()) or fbitsize >= 0:
+                # accept all integers, but complain on float or double
+                prnt('  (void)((p->%s) << 1);' % fname)
+            else:
+                # only accept exactly the type declared.
+                try:
+                    prnt('  { %s = &p->%s; (void)tmp; }' % (
+                        ftype.get_c_name('*tmp', 'field %r'%fname, quals=fqual),
+                        fname))
+                except VerificationError as e:
+                    prnt('  /* %s */' % str(e))   # cannot verify it, ignore
+        prnt('}')
+        self.export_symbols.append(layoutfuncname)
+        prnt('intptr_t %s(intptr_t i)' % (layoutfuncname,))
+        prnt('{')
+        prnt('  struct _cffi_aligncheck { char x; %s y; };' % cname)
+        prnt('  static intptr_t nums[] = {')
+        prnt('    sizeof(%s),' % cname)
+        prnt('    offsetof(struct _cffi_aligncheck, y),')
+        for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in tp.enumfields():
+            if fbitsize >= 0:
+                continue      # xxx ignore fbitsize for now
+            prnt('    offsetof(%s, %s),' % (cname, fname))
+            if isinstance(ftype, model.ArrayType) and ftype.length is None:
+                prnt('    0,  /* %s */' % ftype._get_c_name())
+            else:
+                prnt('    sizeof(((%s *)0)->%s),' % (cname, fname))
+        prnt('    -1')
+        prnt('  };')
+        prnt('  return nums[i];')
+        prnt('  /* the next line is not executed, but compiled */')
+        prnt('  %s(0);' % (checkfuncname,))
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    def _loading_struct_or_union(self, tp, prefix, name, module):
+        if tp.fldnames is None:
+            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
+        layoutfuncname = '_cffi_layout_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
+        #
+        BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked("intptr_t(*)(intptr_t)")[0]
+        function = module.load_function(BFunc, layoutfuncname)
+        layout = []
+        num = 0
+        while True:
+            x = function(num)
+            if x < 0: break
+            layout.append(x)
+            num += 1
+        if isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion) and tp.partial:
+            # use the function()'s sizes and offsets to guide the
+            # layout of the struct
+            totalsize = layout[0]
+            totalalignment = layout[1]
+            fieldofs = layout[2::2]
+            fieldsize = layout[3::2]
+            tp.force_flatten()
+            assert len(fieldofs) == len(fieldsize) == len(tp.fldnames)
+            tp.fixedlayout = fieldofs, fieldsize, totalsize, totalalignment
+        else:
+            cname = ('%s %s' % (prefix, name)).strip()
+            self._struct_pending_verification[tp] = layout, cname
+
+    def _loaded_struct_or_union(self, tp):
+        if tp.fldnames is None:
+            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
+        self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)   # force 'fixedlayout' to be considered
+
+        if tp in self._struct_pending_verification:
+            # check that the layout sizes and offsets match the real ones
+            def check(realvalue, expectedvalue, msg):
+                if realvalue != expectedvalue:
+                    raise VerificationError(
+                        "%s (we have %d, but C compiler says %d)"
+                        % (msg, expectedvalue, realvalue))
+            ffi = self.ffi
+            BStruct = ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
+            layout, cname = self._struct_pending_verification.pop(tp)
+            check(layout[0], ffi.sizeof(BStruct), "wrong total size")
+            check(layout[1], ffi.alignof(BStruct), "wrong total alignment")
+            i = 2
+            for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in tp.enumfields():
+                if fbitsize >= 0:
+                    continue        # xxx ignore fbitsize for now
+                check(layout[i], ffi.offsetof(BStruct, fname),
+                      "wrong offset for field %r" % (fname,))
+                if layout[i+1] != 0:
+                    BField = ffi._get_cached_btype(ftype)
+                    check(layout[i+1], ffi.sizeof(BField),
+                          "wrong size for field %r" % (fname,))
+                i += 2
+            assert i == len(layout)
+
+    # ----------
+    # 'anonymous' declarations.  These are produced for anonymous structs
+    # or unions; the 'name' is obtained by a typedef.
+
+    def _generate_gen_anonymous_decl(self, tp, name):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._generate_gen_enum_decl(tp, name, '')
+        else:
+            self._generate_struct_or_union_decl(tp, '', name)
+
+    def _loading_gen_anonymous(self, tp, name, module):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._loading_gen_enum(tp, name, module, '')
+        else:
+            self._loading_struct_or_union(tp, '', name, module)
+
+    def _loaded_gen_anonymous(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
+            self._loaded_gen_enum(tp, name, module, **kwds)
+        else:
+            self._loaded_struct_or_union(tp)
+
+    # ----------
+    # constants, likely declared with '#define'
+
+    def _generate_gen_const(self, is_int, name, tp=None, category='const',
+                            check_value=None):
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        funcname = '_cffi_%s_%s' % (category, name)
+        self.export_symbols.append(funcname)
+        if check_value is not None:
+            assert is_int
+            assert category == 'const'
+            prnt('int %s(char *out_error)' % funcname)
+            prnt('{')
+            self._check_int_constant_value(name, check_value)
+            prnt('  return 0;')
+            prnt('}')
+        elif is_int:
+            assert category == 'const'
+            prnt('int %s(long long *out_value)' % funcname)
+            prnt('{')
+            prnt('  *out_value = (long long)(%s);' % (name,))
+            prnt('  return (%s) <= 0;' % (name,))
+            prnt('}')
+        else:
+            assert tp is not None
+            assert check_value is None
+            if category == 'var':
+                ampersand = '&'
+            else:
+                ampersand = ''
+            extra = ''
+            if category == 'const' and isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
+                extra = 'const *'
+                ampersand = '&'
+            prnt(tp.get_c_name(' %s%s(void)' % (extra, funcname), name))
+            prnt('{')
+            prnt('  return (%s%s);' % (ampersand, name))
+            prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    def _generate_gen_constant_decl(self, tp, name):
+        is_int = isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType) and tp.is_integer_type()
+        self._generate_gen_const(is_int, name, tp)
+
+    _loading_gen_constant = _loaded_noop
+
+    def _load_constant(self, is_int, tp, name, module, check_value=None):
+        funcname = '_cffi_const_%s' % name
+        if check_value is not None:
+            assert is_int
+            self._load_known_int_constant(module, funcname)
+            value = check_value
+        elif is_int:
+            BType = self.ffi._typeof_locked("long long*")[0]
+            BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked("int(*)(long long*)")[0]
+            function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
+            p = self.ffi.new(BType)
+            negative = function(p)
+            value = int(p[0])
+            if value < 0 and not negative:
+                BLongLong = self.ffi._typeof_locked("long long")[0]
+                value += (1 << (8*self.ffi.sizeof(BLongLong)))
+        else:
+            assert check_value is None
+            fntypeextra = '(*)(void)'
+            if isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
+                fntypeextra = '*' + fntypeextra
+            BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked(tp.get_c_name(fntypeextra, name))[0]
+            function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
+            value = function()
+            if isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
+                value = value[0]
+        return value
+
+    def _loaded_gen_constant(self, tp, name, module, library):
+        is_int = isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType) and tp.is_integer_type()
+        value = self._load_constant(is_int, tp, name, module)
+        setattr(library, name, value)
+        type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)
+
+    # ----------
+    # enums
+
+    def _check_int_constant_value(self, name, value):
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        if value <= 0:
+            prnt('  if ((%s) > 0 || (long)(%s) != %dL) {' % (
+                name, name, value))
+        else:
+            prnt('  if ((%s) <= 0 || (unsigned long)(%s) != %dUL) {' % (
+                name, name, value))
+        prnt('    char buf[64];')
+        prnt('    if ((%s) <= 0)' % name)
+        prnt('        sprintf(buf, "%%ld", (long)(%s));' % name)
+        prnt('    else')
+        prnt('        sprintf(buf, "%%lu", (unsigned long)(%s));' %
+             name)
+        prnt('    sprintf(out_error, "%s has the real value %s, not %s",')
+        prnt('            "%s", buf, "%d");' % (name[:100], value))
+        prnt('    return -1;')
+        prnt('  }')
+
+    def _load_known_int_constant(self, module, funcname):
+        BType = self.ffi._typeof_locked("char[]")[0]
+        BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked("int(*)(char*)")[0]
+        function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
+        p = self.ffi.new(BType, 256)
+        if function(p) < 0:
+            error = self.ffi.string(p)
+            if sys.version_info >= (3,):
+                error = str(error, 'utf-8')
+            raise VerificationError(error)
+
+    def _enum_funcname(self, prefix, name):
+        # "$enum_$1" => "___D_enum____D_1"
+        name = name.replace('$', '___D_')
+        return '_cffi_e_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
+
+    def _generate_gen_enum_decl(self, tp, name, prefix='enum'):
+        if tp.partial:
+            for enumerator in tp.enumerators:
+                self._generate_gen_const(True, enumerator)
+            return
+        #
+        funcname = self._enum_funcname(prefix, name)
+        self.export_symbols.append(funcname)
+        prnt = self._prnt
+        prnt('int %s(char *out_error)' % funcname)
+        prnt('{')
+        for enumerator, enumvalue in zip(tp.enumerators, tp.enumvalues):
+            self._check_int_constant_value(enumerator, enumvalue)
+        prnt('  return 0;')
+        prnt('}')
+        prnt()
+
+    def _loading_gen_enum(self, tp, name, module, prefix='enum'):
+        if tp.partial:
+            enumvalues = [self._load_constant(True, tp, enumerator, module)
+                          for enumerator in tp.enumerators]
+            tp.enumvalues = tuple(enumvalues)
+            tp.partial_resolved = True
+        else:
+            funcname = self._enum_funcname(prefix, name)
+            self._load_known_int_constant(module, funcname)
+
+    def _loaded_gen_enum(self, tp, name, module, library):
+        for enumerator, enumvalue in zip(tp.enumerators, tp.enumvalues):
+            setattr(library, enumerator, enumvalue)
+            type(library)._cffi_dir.append(enumerator)
+
+    # ----------
+    # macros: for now only for integers
+
+    def _generate_gen_macro_decl(self, tp, name):
+        if tp == '...':
+            check_value = None
+        else:
+            check_value = tp     # an integer
+        self._generate_gen_const(True, name, check_value=check_value)
+
+    _loading_gen_macro = _loaded_noop
+
+    def _loaded_gen_macro(self, tp, name, module, library):
+        if tp == '...':
+            check_value = None
+        else:
+            check_value = tp     # an integer
+        value = self._load_constant(True, tp, name, module,
+                                    check_value=check_value)
+        setattr(library, name, value)
+        type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)
+
+    # ----------
+    # global variables
+
+    def _generate_gen_variable_decl(self, tp, name):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
+            if tp.length_is_unknown():
+                prnt = self._prnt
+                funcname = '_cffi_sizeof_%s' % (name,)
+                self.export_symbols.append(funcname)
+                prnt("size_t %s(void)" % funcname)
+                prnt("{")
+                prnt("  return sizeof(%s);" % (name,))
+                prnt("}")
+            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp.item)
+            self._generate_gen_const(False, name, tp_ptr)
+        else:
+            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp)
+            self._generate_gen_const(False, name, tp_ptr, category='var')
+
+    _loading_gen_variable = _loaded_noop
+
+    def _loaded_gen_variable(self, tp, name, module, library):
+        if isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):   # int a[5] is "constant" in the
+                                              # sense that "a=..." is forbidden
+            if tp.length_is_unknown():
+                funcname = '_cffi_sizeof_%s' % (name,)
+                BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked('size_t(*)(void)')[0]
+                function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
+                size = function()
+                BItemType = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp.item)
+                length, rest = divmod(size, self.ffi.sizeof(BItemType))
+                if rest != 0:
+                    raise VerificationError(
+                        "bad size: %r does not seem to be an array of %s" %
+                        (name, tp.item))
+                tp = tp.resolve_length(length)
+            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp.item)
+            value = self._load_constant(False, tp_ptr, name, module)
+            # 'value' is a <cdata 'type *'> which we have to replace with
+            # a <cdata 'type[N]'> if the N is actually known
+            if tp.length is not None:
+                BArray = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
+                value = self.ffi.cast(BArray, value)
+            setattr(library, name, value)
+            type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)
+            return
+        # remove ptr=<cdata 'int *'> from the library instance, and replace
+        # it by a property on the class, which reads/writes into ptr[0].
+        funcname = '_cffi_var_%s' % name
+        BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked(tp.get_c_name('*(*)(void)', name))[0]
+        function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
+        ptr = function()
+        def getter(library):
+            return ptr[0]
+        def setter(library, value):
+            ptr[0] = value
+        setattr(type(library), name, property(getter, setter))
+        type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)
+
+cffimod_header = r'''
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>   /* XXX for ssize_t on some platforms */
+
+/* this block of #ifs should be kept exactly identical between
+   c/_cffi_backend.c, cffi/vengine_cpy.py, cffi/vengine_gen.py
+   and cffi/_cffi_include.h */
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+# include <malloc.h>   /* for alloca() */
+# if _MSC_VER < 1600   /* MSVC < 2010 */
+   typedef __int8 int8_t;
+   typedef __int16 int16_t;
+   typedef __int32 int32_t;
+   typedef __int64 int64_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
+   typedef __int8 int_least8_t;
+   typedef __int16 int_least16_t;
+   typedef __int32 int_least32_t;
+   typedef __int64 int_least64_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int8 uint_least8_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int16 uint_least16_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int32 uint_least32_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uint_least64_t;
+   typedef __int8 int_fast8_t;
+   typedef __int16 int_fast16_t;
+   typedef __int32 int_fast32_t;
+   typedef __int64 int_fast64_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int8 uint_fast8_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int16 uint_fast16_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int32 uint_fast32_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uint_fast64_t;
+   typedef __int64 intmax_t;
+   typedef unsigned __int64 uintmax_t;
+# else
+#  include <stdint.h>
+# endif
+# if _MSC_VER < 1800   /* MSVC < 2013 */
+#  ifndef __cplusplus
+    typedef unsigned char _Bool;
+#  endif
+# endif
+#else
+# include <stdint.h>
+# if (defined (__SVR4) && defined (__sun)) || defined(_AIX) || defined(__hpux)
+#  include <alloca.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+'''
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/verifier.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/verifier.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a500c78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/verifier.py
@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+#
+# DEPRECATED: implementation for ffi.verify()
+#
+import sys, os, binascii, shutil, io
+from . import __version_verifier_modules__
+from . import ffiplatform
+from .error import VerificationError
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 3):
+    import importlib.machinery
+    def _extension_suffixes():
+        return importlib.machinery.EXTENSION_SUFFIXES[:]
+else:
+    import imp
+    def _extension_suffixes():
+        return [suffix for suffix, _, type in imp.get_suffixes()
+                if type == imp.C_EXTENSION]
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3,):
+    NativeIO = io.StringIO
+else:
+    class NativeIO(io.BytesIO):
+        def write(self, s):
+            if isinstance(s, unicode):
+                s = s.encode('ascii')
+            super(NativeIO, self).write(s)
+
+
+class Verifier(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, ffi, preamble, tmpdir=None, modulename=None,
+                 ext_package=None, tag='', force_generic_engine=False,
+                 source_extension='.c', flags=None, relative_to=None, **kwds):
+        if ffi._parser._uses_new_feature:
+            raise VerificationError(
+                "feature not supported with ffi.verify(), but only "
+                "with ffi.set_source(): %s" % (ffi._parser._uses_new_feature,))
+        self.ffi = ffi
+        self.preamble = preamble
+        if not modulename:
+            flattened_kwds = ffiplatform.flatten(kwds)
+        vengine_class = _locate_engine_class(ffi, force_generic_engine)
+        self._vengine = vengine_class(self)
+        self._vengine.patch_extension_kwds(kwds)
+        self.flags = flags
+        self.kwds = self.make_relative_to(kwds, relative_to)
+        #
+        if modulename:
+            if tag:
+                raise TypeError("can't specify both 'modulename' and 'tag'")
+        else:
+            key = '\x00'.join(['%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2],
+                               __version_verifier_modules__,
+                               preamble, flattened_kwds] +
+                              ffi._cdefsources)
+            if sys.version_info >= (3,):
+                key = key.encode('utf-8')
+            k1 = hex(binascii.crc32(key[0::2]) & 0xffffffff)
+            k1 = k1.lstrip('0x').rstrip('L')
+            k2 = hex(binascii.crc32(key[1::2]) & 0xffffffff)
+            k2 = k2.lstrip('0').rstrip('L')
+            modulename = '_cffi_%s_%s%s%s' % (tag, self._vengine._class_key,
+                                              k1, k2)
+        suffix = _get_so_suffixes()[0]
+        self.tmpdir = tmpdir or _caller_dir_pycache()
+        self.sourcefilename = os.path.join(self.tmpdir, modulename + source_extension)
+        self.modulefilename = os.path.join(self.tmpdir, modulename + suffix)
+        self.ext_package = ext_package
+        self._has_source = False
+        self._has_module = False
+
+    def write_source(self, file=None):
+        """Write the C source code.  It is produced in 'self.sourcefilename',
+        which can be tweaked beforehand."""
+        with self.ffi._lock:
+            if self._has_source and file is None:
+                raise VerificationError(
+                    "source code already written")
+            self._write_source(file)
+
+    def compile_module(self):
+        """Write the C source code (if not done already) and compile it.
+        This produces a dynamic link library in 'self.modulefilename'."""
+        with self.ffi._lock:
+            if self._has_module:
+                raise VerificationError("module already compiled")
+            if not self._has_source:
+                self._write_source()
+            self._compile_module()
+
+    def load_library(self):
+        """Get a C module from this Verifier instance.
+        Returns an instance of a FFILibrary class that behaves like the
+        objects returned by ffi.dlopen(), but that delegates all
+        operations to the C module.  If necessary, the C code is written
+        and compiled first.
+        """
+        with self.ffi._lock:
+            if not self._has_module:
+                self._locate_module()
+                if not self._has_module:
+                    if not self._has_source:
+                        self._write_source()
+                    self._compile_module()
+            return self._load_library()
+
+    def get_module_name(self):
+        basename = os.path.basename(self.modulefilename)
+        # kill both the .so extension and the other .'s, as introduced
+        # by Python 3: 'basename.cpython-33m.so'
+        basename = basename.split('.', 1)[0]
+        # and the _d added in Python 2 debug builds --- but try to be
+        # conservative and not kill a legitimate _d
+        if basename.endswith('_d') and hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount'):
+            basename = basename[:-2]
+        return basename
+
+    def get_extension(self):
+        ffiplatform._hack_at_distutils() # backward compatibility hack
+        if not self._has_source:
+            with self.ffi._lock:
+                if not self._has_source:
+                    self._write_source()
+        sourcename = ffiplatform.maybe_relative_path(self.sourcefilename)
+        modname = self.get_module_name()
+        return ffiplatform.get_extension(sourcename, modname, **self.kwds)
+
+    def generates_python_module(self):
+        return self._vengine._gen_python_module
+
+    def make_relative_to(self, kwds, relative_to):
+        if relative_to and os.path.dirname(relative_to):
+            dirname = os.path.dirname(relative_to)
+            kwds = kwds.copy()
+            for key in ffiplatform.LIST_OF_FILE_NAMES:
+                if key in kwds:
+                    lst = kwds[key]
+                    if not isinstance(lst, (list, tuple)):
+                        raise TypeError("keyword '%s' should be a list or tuple"
+                                        % (key,))
+                    lst = [os.path.join(dirname, fn) for fn in lst]
+                    kwds[key] = lst
+        return kwds
+
+    # ----------
+
+    def _locate_module(self):
+        if not os.path.isfile(self.modulefilename):
+            if self.ext_package:
+                try:
+                    pkg = __import__(self.ext_package, None, None, ['__doc__'])
+                except ImportError:
+                    return      # cannot import the package itself, give up
+                    # (e.g. it might be called differently before installation)
+                path = pkg.__path__
+            else:
+                path = None
+            filename = self._vengine.find_module(self.get_module_name(), path,
+                                                 _get_so_suffixes())
+            if filename is None:
+                return
+            self.modulefilename = filename
+        self._vengine.collect_types()
+        self._has_module = True
+
+    def _write_source_to(self, file):
+        self._vengine._f = file
+        try:
+            self._vengine.write_source_to_f()
+        finally:
+            del self._vengine._f
+
+    def _write_source(self, file=None):
+        if file is not None:
+            self._write_source_to(file)
+        else:
+            # Write our source file to an in memory file.
+            f = NativeIO()
+            self._write_source_to(f)
+            source_data = f.getvalue()
+
+            # Determine if this matches the current file
+            if os.path.exists(self.sourcefilename):
+                with open(self.sourcefilename, "r") as fp:
+                    needs_written = not (fp.read() == source_data)
+            else:
+                needs_written = True
+
+            # Actually write the file out if it doesn't match
+            if needs_written:
+                _ensure_dir(self.sourcefilename)
+                with open(self.sourcefilename, "w") as fp:
+                    fp.write(source_data)
+
+            # Set this flag
+            self._has_source = True
+
+    def _compile_module(self):
+        # compile this C source
+        tmpdir = os.path.dirname(self.sourcefilename)
+        outputfilename = ffiplatform.compile(tmpdir, self.get_extension())
+        try:
+            same = ffiplatform.samefile(outputfilename, self.modulefilename)
+        except OSError:
+            same = False
+        if not same:
+            _ensure_dir(self.modulefilename)
+            shutil.move(outputfilename, self.modulefilename)
+        self._has_module = True
+
+    def _load_library(self):
+        assert self._has_module
+        if self.flags is not None:
+            return self._vengine.load_library(self.flags)
+        else:
+            return self._vengine.load_library()
+
+# ____________________________________________________________
+
+_FORCE_GENERIC_ENGINE = False      # for tests
+
+def _locate_engine_class(ffi, force_generic_engine):
+    if _FORCE_GENERIC_ENGINE:
+        force_generic_engine = True
+    if not force_generic_engine:
+        if '__pypy__' in sys.builtin_module_names:
+            force_generic_engine = True
+        else:
+            try:
+                import _cffi_backend
+            except ImportError:
+                _cffi_backend = '?'
+            if ffi._backend is not _cffi_backend:
+                force_generic_engine = True
+    if force_generic_engine:
+        from . import vengine_gen
+        return vengine_gen.VGenericEngine
+    else:
+        from . import vengine_cpy
+        return vengine_cpy.VCPythonEngine
+
+# ____________________________________________________________
+
+_TMPDIR = None
+
+def _caller_dir_pycache():
+    if _TMPDIR:
+        return _TMPDIR
+    result = os.environ.get('CFFI_TMPDIR')
+    if result:
+        return result
+    filename = sys._getframe(2).f_code.co_filename
+    return os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filename),
+                           '__pycache__'))
+
+def set_tmpdir(dirname):
+    """Set the temporary directory to use instead of __pycache__."""
+    global _TMPDIR
+    _TMPDIR = dirname
+
+def cleanup_tmpdir(tmpdir=None, keep_so=False):
+    """Clean up the temporary directory by removing all files in it
+    called `_cffi_*.{c,so}` as well as the `build` subdirectory."""
+    tmpdir = tmpdir or _caller_dir_pycache()
+    try:
+        filelist = os.listdir(tmpdir)
+    except OSError:
+        return
+    if keep_so:
+        suffix = '.c'   # only remove .c files
+    else:
+        suffix = _get_so_suffixes()[0].lower()
+    for fn in filelist:
+        if fn.lower().startswith('_cffi_') and (
+                fn.lower().endswith(suffix) or fn.lower().endswith('.c')):
+            try:
+                os.unlink(os.path.join(tmpdir, fn))
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+    clean_dir = [os.path.join(tmpdir, 'build')]
+    for dir in clean_dir:
+        try:
+            for fn in os.listdir(dir):
+                fn = os.path.join(dir, fn)
+                if os.path.isdir(fn):
+                    clean_dir.append(fn)
+                else:
+                    os.unlink(fn)
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+def _get_so_suffixes():
+    suffixes = _extension_suffixes()
+    if not suffixes:
+        # bah, no C_EXTENSION available.  Occurs on pypy without cpyext
+        if sys.platform == 'win32':
+            suffixes = [".pyd"]
+        else:
+            suffixes = [".so"]
+
+    return suffixes
+
+def _ensure_dir(filename):
+    dirname = os.path.dirname(filename)
+    if dirname and not os.path.isdir(dirname):
+        os.makedirs(dirname)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad82355
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2019 TAHRI Ahmed R.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b04ed4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: charset-normalizer
+Version: 2.0.12
+Summary: The Real First Universal Charset Detector. Open, modern and actively maintained alternative to Chardet.
+Home-page: https://github.com/ousret/charset_normalizer
+Author: Ahmed TAHRI @Ousret
+Author-email: ahmed.tahri@cloudnursery.dev
+License: MIT
+Project-URL: Bug Reports, https://github.com/Ousret/charset_normalizer/issues
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://charset-normalizer.readthedocs.io/en/latest
+Keywords: encoding,i18n,txt,text,charset,charset-detector,normalization,unicode,chardet
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
+Classifier: Topic :: Text Processing :: Linguistic
+Classifier: Topic :: Utilities
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Typing :: Typed
+Requires-Python: >=3.5.0
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE
+Provides-Extra: unicode_backport
+Requires-Dist: unicodedata2 ; extra == 'unicode_backport'
+
+
+<h1 align="center">Charset Detection, for Everyone 👋 <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=The%20Real%20First%20Universal%20Charset%20%26%20Language%20Detector&url=https://www.github.com/Ousret/charset_normalizer&hashtags=python,encoding,chardet,developers"><img src="https://img.shields.io/twitter/url/http/shields.io.svg?style=social"/></a></h1>
+
+<p align="center">
+  <sup>The Real First Universal Charset Detector</sup><br>
+  <a href="https://pypi.org/project/charset-normalizer">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/charset_normalizer.svg?orange=blue" />
+  </a>
+  <a href="https://codecov.io/gh/Ousret/charset_normalizer">
+      <img src="https://codecov.io/gh/Ousret/charset_normalizer/branch/master/graph/badge.svg" />
+  </a>
+  <a href="https://pepy.tech/project/charset-normalizer/">
+    <img alt="Download Count Total" src="https://pepy.tech/badge/charset-normalizer/month" />
+  </a>
+</p>
+
+> A library that helps you read text from an unknown charset encoding.<br /> Motivated by `chardet`,
+> I'm trying to resolve the issue by taking a new approach.
+> All IANA character set names for which the Python core library provides codecs are supported.
+
+<p align="center">
+  >>>>> <a href="https://charsetnormalizerweb.ousret.now.sh" target="_blank">👉 Try Me Online Now, Then Adopt Me 👈 </a> <<<<<
+</p>
+
+This project offers you an alternative to **Universal Charset Encoding Detector**, also known as **Chardet**.
+
+| Feature       | [Chardet](https://github.com/chardet/chardet)       | Charset Normalizer | [cChardet](https://github.com/PyYoshi/cChardet) |
+| ------------- | :-------------: | :------------------: | :------------------: |
+| `Fast`         | ❌<br>          | ✅<br>             | ✅ <br> |
+| `Universal**`     | ❌            | ✅                 | ❌ |
+| `Reliable` **without** distinguishable standards | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ |
+| `Reliable` **with** distinguishable standards | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
+| `Free & Open`  | ✅             | ✅                | ✅ |
+| `License` | LGPL-2.1 | MIT | MPL-1.1
+| `Native Python` | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
+| `Detect spoken language` | ❌ | ✅ | N/A |
+| `Supported Encoding` | 30 | :tada: [93](https://charset-normalizer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user/support.html#supported-encodings)  | 40
+
+<p align="center">
+<img src="https://i.imgflip.com/373iay.gif" alt="Reading Normalized Text" width="226"/><img src="https://media.tenor.com/images/c0180f70732a18b4965448d33adba3d0/tenor.gif" alt="Cat Reading Text" width="200"/>
+
+*\*\* : They are clearly using specific code for a specific encoding even if covering most of used one*<br> 
+Did you got there because of the logs? See [https://charset-normalizer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user/miscellaneous.html](https://charset-normalizer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user/miscellaneous.html)
+
+## ⭐ Your support
+
+*Fork, test-it, star-it, submit your ideas! We do listen.*
+  
+## ⚡ Performance
+
+This package offer better performance than its counterpart Chardet. Here are some numbers.
+
+| Package       | Accuracy       | Mean per file (ms) | File per sec (est) |
+| ------------- | :-------------: | :------------------: | :------------------: |
+|      [chardet](https://github.com/chardet/chardet)        |     92 %     |     220 ms      |       5 file/sec        |
+| charset-normalizer |    **98 %**     |     **40 ms**      |       25 file/sec    |
+
+| Package       | 99th percentile       | 95th percentile | 50th percentile |
+| ------------- | :-------------: | :------------------: | :------------------: |
+|      [chardet](https://github.com/chardet/chardet)        |     1115 ms     |     300 ms      |       27 ms        |
+| charset-normalizer |    460 ms     |     240 ms      |       18 ms    |
+
+Chardet's performance on larger file (1MB+) are very poor. Expect huge difference on large payload.
+
+> Stats are generated using 400+ files using default parameters. More details on used files, see GHA workflows.
+> And yes, these results might change at any time. The dataset can be updated to include more files.
+> The actual delays heavily depends on your CPU capabilities. The factors should remain the same.
+
+[cchardet](https://github.com/PyYoshi/cChardet) is a non-native (cpp binding) and unmaintained faster alternative with 
+a better accuracy than chardet but lower than this package. If speed is the most important factor, you should try it.
+
+## ✨ Installation
+
+Using PyPi for latest stable
+```sh
+pip install charset-normalizer -U
+```
+
+If you want a more up-to-date `unicodedata` than the one available in your Python setup.
+```sh
+pip install charset-normalizer[unicode_backport] -U
+```
+
+## 🚀 Basic Usage
+
+### CLI
+This package comes with a CLI.
+
+```
+usage: normalizer [-h] [-v] [-a] [-n] [-m] [-r] [-f] [-t THRESHOLD]
+                  file [file ...]
+
+The Real First Universal Charset Detector. Discover originating encoding used
+on text file. Normalize text to unicode.
+
+positional arguments:
+  files                 File(s) to be analysed
+
+optional arguments:
+  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
+  -v, --verbose         Display complementary information about file if any.
+                        Stdout will contain logs about the detection process.
+  -a, --with-alternative
+                        Output complementary possibilities if any. Top-level
+                        JSON WILL be a list.
+  -n, --normalize       Permit to normalize input file. If not set, program
+                        does not write anything.
+  -m, --minimal         Only output the charset detected to STDOUT. Disabling
+                        JSON output.
+  -r, --replace         Replace file when trying to normalize it instead of
+                        creating a new one.
+  -f, --force           Replace file without asking if you are sure, use this
+                        flag with caution.
+  -t THRESHOLD, --threshold THRESHOLD
+                        Define a custom maximum amount of chaos allowed in
+                        decoded content. 0. <= chaos <= 1.
+  --version             Show version information and exit.
+```
+
+```bash
+normalizer ./data/sample.1.fr.srt
+```
+
+:tada: Since version 1.4.0 the CLI produce easily usable stdout result in JSON format.
+
+```json
+{
+    "path": "/home/default/projects/charset_normalizer/data/sample.1.fr.srt",
+    "encoding": "cp1252",
+    "encoding_aliases": [
+        "1252",
+        "windows_1252"
+    ],
+    "alternative_encodings": [
+        "cp1254",
+        "cp1256",
+        "cp1258",
+        "iso8859_14",
+        "iso8859_15",
+        "iso8859_16",
+        "iso8859_3",
+        "iso8859_9",
+        "latin_1",
+        "mbcs"
+    ],
+    "language": "French",
+    "alphabets": [
+        "Basic Latin",
+        "Latin-1 Supplement"
+    ],
+    "has_sig_or_bom": false,
+    "chaos": 0.149,
+    "coherence": 97.152,
+    "unicode_path": null,
+    "is_preferred": true
+}
+```
+
+### Python
+*Just print out normalized text*
+```python
+from charset_normalizer import from_path
+
+results = from_path('./my_subtitle.srt')
+
+print(str(results.best()))
+```
+
+*Normalize any text file*
+```python
+from charset_normalizer import normalize
+try:
+    normalize('./my_subtitle.srt') # should write to disk my_subtitle-***.srt
+except IOError as e:
+    print('Sadly, we are unable to perform charset normalization.', str(e))
+```
+
+*Upgrade your code without effort*
+```python
+from charset_normalizer import detect
+```
+
+The above code will behave the same as **chardet**. We ensure that we offer the best (reasonable) BC result possible.
+
+See the docs for advanced usage : [readthedocs.io](https://charset-normalizer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)
+
+## 😇 Why
+
+When I started using Chardet, I noticed that it was not suited to my expectations, and I wanted to propose a
+reliable alternative using a completely different method. Also! I never back down on a good challenge!
+
+I **don't care** about the **originating charset** encoding, because **two different tables** can
+produce **two identical rendered string.**
+What I want is to get readable text, the best I can. 
+
+In a way, **I'm brute forcing text decoding.** How cool is that ? 😎
+
+Don't confuse package **ftfy** with charset-normalizer or chardet. ftfy goal is to repair unicode string whereas charset-normalizer to convert raw file in unknown encoding to unicode.
+
+## 🍰 How
+
+  - Discard all charset encoding table that could not fit the binary content.
+  - Measure chaos, or the mess once opened (by chunks) with a corresponding charset encoding.
+  - Extract matches with the lowest mess detected.
+  - Additionally, we measure coherence / probe for a language.
+
+**Wait a minute**, what is chaos/mess and coherence according to **YOU ?**
+
+*Chaos :* I opened hundred of text files, **written by humans**, with the wrong encoding table. **I observed**, then
+**I established** some ground rules about **what is obvious** when **it seems like** a mess.
+ I know that my interpretation of what is chaotic is very subjective, feel free to contribute in order to
+ improve or rewrite it.
+
+*Coherence :* For each language there is on earth, we have computed ranked letter appearance occurrences (the best we can). So I thought
+that intel is worth something here. So I use those records against decoded text to check if I can detect intelligent design.
+
+## ⚡ Known limitations
+
+  - Language detection is unreliable when text contains two or more languages sharing identical letters. (eg. HTML (english tags) + Turkish content (Sharing Latin characters))
+  - Every charset detector heavily depends on sufficient content. In common cases, do not bother run detection on very tiny content.
+
+## 👤 Contributing
+
+Contributions, issues and feature requests are very much welcome.<br />
+Feel free to check [issues page](https://github.com/ousret/charset_normalizer/issues) if you want to contribute.
+
+## 📝 License
+
+Copyright © 2019 [Ahmed TAHRI @Ousret](https://github.com/Ousret).<br />
+This project is [MIT](https://github.com/Ousret/charset_normalizer/blob/master/LICENSE) licensed.
+
+Characters frequencies used in this project © 2012 [Denny Vrandečić](http://simia.net/letters/)
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a08344
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+../../../bin/normalizer,sha256=qFKkojBq4XvONBLmfzQiZBQ-lR2zQoVc40xq7GVJhLc,297
+charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=6zGgxaT7Cbik4yBV0lweX5w1iidS_vPNcgIT0cz-4kE,1070
+charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=eX-U3s7nb6wcvXZFyM1mdBf1yz4I0msVBgNvLEscAbo,11713
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+charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/entry_points.txt,sha256=5AJq_EPtGGUwJPgQLnBZfbVr-FYCIwT0xP7dIEZO3NI,77
+charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=7ASyzePr8_xuZWJsnqJjIBtyV8vhEo0wBCv1MPRRi3Q,19
+charset_normalizer/__init__.py,sha256=x2A2OW29MBcqdxsvy6t1wzkUlH3ma0guxL6ZCfS8J94,1790
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+charset_normalizer/md.py,sha256=WEwnu2MyIiMeEaorRduqcTxGjIBclWIG3i-9_UL6LLs,18191
+charset_normalizer/models.py,sha256=XrGpVxfonhcilIWC1WeiP3-ZORGEe_RG3sgrfPLl9qM,13303
+charset_normalizer/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+charset_normalizer/utils.py,sha256=AWSL0z1B42IwdLfjX4ZMASA9cTUsTp0PweCdW98SI-4,9308
+charset_normalizer/version.py,sha256=uxO2cT0YIavQv4dQlNGmHPIOOwOa-exspxXi3IR7dck,80
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..becc9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a67f60b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[console_scripts]
+normalizer = charset_normalizer.cli.normalizer:cli_detect
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66958f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer-2.0.12.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+charset_normalizer
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1aea851
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# -*- coding: utf_8 -*-
+"""
+Charset-Normalizer
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The Real First Universal Charset Detector.
+A library that helps you read text from an unknown charset encoding.
+Motivated by chardet, This package is trying to resolve the issue by taking a new approach.
+All IANA character set names for which the Python core library provides codecs are supported.
+
+Basic usage:
+   >>> from charset_normalizer import from_bytes
+   >>> results = from_bytes('Bсеки човек има право на образование. Oбразованието!'.encode('utf_8'))
+   >>> best_guess = results.best()
+   >>> str(best_guess)
+   'Bсеки човек има право на образование. Oбразованието!'
+
+Others methods and usages are available - see the full documentation
+at <https://github.com/Ousret/charset_normalizer>.
+:copyright: (c) 2021 by Ahmed TAHRI
+:license: MIT, see LICENSE for more details.
+"""
+import logging
+
+from .api import from_bytes, from_fp, from_path, normalize
+from .legacy import (
+    CharsetDetector,
+    CharsetDoctor,
+    CharsetNormalizerMatch,
+    CharsetNormalizerMatches,
+    detect,
+)
+from .models import CharsetMatch, CharsetMatches
+from .utils import set_logging_handler
+from .version import VERSION, __version__
+
+__all__ = (
+    "from_fp",
+    "from_path",
+    "from_bytes",
+    "normalize",
+    "detect",
+    "CharsetMatch",
+    "CharsetMatches",
+    "CharsetNormalizerMatch",
+    "CharsetNormalizerMatches",
+    "CharsetDetector",
+    "CharsetDoctor",
+    "__version__",
+    "VERSION",
+    "set_logging_handler",
+)
+
+# Attach a NullHandler to the top level logger by default
+# https://docs.python.org/3.3/howto/logging.html#configuring-logging-for-a-library
+
+logging.getLogger("charset_normalizer").addHandler(logging.NullHandler())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bdc8ed9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,608 @@
+import logging
+from os.path import basename, splitext
+from typing import BinaryIO, List, Optional, Set
+
+try:
+    from os import PathLike
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    PathLike = str  # type: ignore
+
+from .cd import (
+    coherence_ratio,
+    encoding_languages,
+    mb_encoding_languages,
+    merge_coherence_ratios,
+)
+from .constant import IANA_SUPPORTED, TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE, TOO_SMALL_SEQUENCE, TRACE
+from .md import mess_ratio
+from .models import CharsetMatch, CharsetMatches
+from .utils import (
+    any_specified_encoding,
+    iana_name,
+    identify_sig_or_bom,
+    is_cp_similar,
+    is_multi_byte_encoding,
+    should_strip_sig_or_bom,
+)
+
+# Will most likely be controversial
+# logging.addLevelName(TRACE, "TRACE")
+logger = logging.getLogger("charset_normalizer")
+explain_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+explain_handler.setFormatter(
+    logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s | %(levelname)s | %(message)s")
+)
+
+
+def from_bytes(
+    sequences: bytes,
+    steps: int = 5,
+    chunk_size: int = 512,
+    threshold: float = 0.2,
+    cp_isolation: List[str] = None,
+    cp_exclusion: List[str] = None,
+    preemptive_behaviour: bool = True,
+    explain: bool = False,
+) -> CharsetMatches:
+    """
+    Given a raw bytes sequence, return the best possibles charset usable to render str objects.
+    If there is no results, it is a strong indicator that the source is binary/not text.
+    By default, the process will extract 5 blocs of 512o each to assess the mess and coherence of a given sequence.
+    And will give up a particular code page after 20% of measured mess. Those criteria are customizable at will.
+
+    The preemptive behavior DOES NOT replace the traditional detection workflow, it prioritize a particular code page
+    but never take it for granted. Can improve the performance.
+
+    You may want to focus your attention to some code page or/and not others, use cp_isolation and cp_exclusion for that
+    purpose.
+
+    This function will strip the SIG in the payload/sequence every time except on UTF-16, UTF-32.
+    By default the library does not setup any handler other than the NullHandler, if you choose to set the 'explain'
+    toggle to True it will alter the logger configuration to add a StreamHandler that is suitable for debugging.
+    Custom logging format and handler can be set manually.
+    """
+
+    if not isinstance(sequences, (bytearray, bytes)):
+        raise TypeError(
+            "Expected object of type bytes or bytearray, got: {0}".format(
+                type(sequences)
+            )
+        )
+
+    if explain:
+        previous_logger_level = logger.level  # type: int
+        logger.addHandler(explain_handler)
+        logger.setLevel(TRACE)
+
+    length = len(sequences)  # type: int
+
+    if length == 0:
+        logger.debug("Encoding detection on empty bytes, assuming utf_8 intention.")
+        if explain:
+            logger.removeHandler(explain_handler)
+            logger.setLevel(previous_logger_level or logging.WARNING)
+        return CharsetMatches([CharsetMatch(sequences, "utf_8", 0.0, False, [], "")])
+
+    if cp_isolation is not None:
+        logger.log(
+            TRACE,
+            "cp_isolation is set. use this flag for debugging purpose. "
+            "limited list of encoding allowed : %s.",
+            ", ".join(cp_isolation),
+        )
+        cp_isolation = [iana_name(cp, False) for cp in cp_isolation]
+    else:
+        cp_isolation = []
+
+    if cp_exclusion is not None:
+        logger.log(
+            TRACE,
+            "cp_exclusion is set. use this flag for debugging purpose. "
+            "limited list of encoding excluded : %s.",
+            ", ".join(cp_exclusion),
+        )
+        cp_exclusion = [iana_name(cp, False) for cp in cp_exclusion]
+    else:
+        cp_exclusion = []
+
+    if length <= (chunk_size * steps):
+        logger.log(
+            TRACE,
+            "override steps (%i) and chunk_size (%i) as content does not fit (%i byte(s) given) parameters.",
+            steps,
+            chunk_size,
+            length,
+        )
+        steps = 1
+        chunk_size = length
+
+    if steps > 1 and length / steps < chunk_size:
+        chunk_size = int(length / steps)
+
+    is_too_small_sequence = len(sequences) < TOO_SMALL_SEQUENCE  # type: bool
+    is_too_large_sequence = len(sequences) >= TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE  # type: bool
+
+    if is_too_small_sequence:
+        logger.log(
+            TRACE,
+            "Trying to detect encoding from a tiny portion of ({}) byte(s).".format(
+                length
+            ),
+        )
+    elif is_too_large_sequence:
+        logger.log(
+            TRACE,
+            "Using lazy str decoding because the payload is quite large, ({}) byte(s).".format(
+                length
+            ),
+        )
+
+    prioritized_encodings = []  # type: List[str]
+
+    specified_encoding = (
+        any_specified_encoding(sequences) if preemptive_behaviour else None
+    )  # type: Optional[str]
+
+    if specified_encoding is not None:
+        prioritized_encodings.append(specified_encoding)
+        logger.log(
+            TRACE,
+            "Detected declarative mark in sequence. Priority +1 given for %s.",
+            specified_encoding,
+        )
+
+    tested = set()  # type: Set[str]
+    tested_but_hard_failure = []  # type: List[str]
+    tested_but_soft_failure = []  # type: List[str]
+
+    fallback_ascii = None  # type: Optional[CharsetMatch]
+    fallback_u8 = None  # type: Optional[CharsetMatch]
+    fallback_specified = None  # type: Optional[CharsetMatch]
+
+    results = CharsetMatches()  # type: CharsetMatches
+
+    sig_encoding, sig_payload = identify_sig_or_bom(sequences)
+
+    if sig_encoding is not None:
+        prioritized_encodings.append(sig_encoding)
+        logger.log(
+            TRACE,
+            "Detected a SIG or BOM mark on first %i byte(s). Priority +1 given for %s.",
+            len(sig_payload),
+            sig_encoding,
+        )
+
+    prioritized_encodings.append("ascii")
+
+    if "utf_8" not in prioritized_encodings:
+        prioritized_encodings.append("utf_8")
+
+    for encoding_iana in prioritized_encodings + IANA_SUPPORTED:
+
+        if cp_isolation and encoding_iana not in cp_isolation:
+            continue
+
+        if cp_exclusion and encoding_iana in cp_exclusion:
+            continue
+
+        if encoding_iana in tested:
+            continue
+
+        tested.add(encoding_iana)
+
+        decoded_payload = None  # type: Optional[str]
+        bom_or_sig_available = sig_encoding == encoding_iana  # type: bool
+        strip_sig_or_bom = bom_or_sig_available and should_strip_sig_or_bom(
+            encoding_iana
+        )  # type: bool
+
+        if encoding_iana in {"utf_16", "utf_32"} and not bom_or_sig_available:
+            logger.log(
+                TRACE,
+                "Encoding %s wont be tested as-is because it require a BOM. Will try some sub-encoder LE/BE.",
+                encoding_iana,
+            )
+            continue
+
+        try:
+            is_multi_byte_decoder = is_multi_byte_encoding(encoding_iana)  # type: bool
+        except (ModuleNotFoundError, ImportError):
+            logger.log(
+                TRACE,
+                "Encoding %s does not provide an IncrementalDecoder",
+                encoding_iana,
+            )
+            continue
+
+        try:
+            if is_too_large_sequence and is_multi_byte_decoder is False:
+                str(
+                    sequences[: int(50e4)]
+                    if strip_sig_or_bom is False
+                    else sequences[len(sig_payload) : int(50e4)],
+                    encoding=encoding_iana,
+                )
+            else:
+                decoded_payload = str(
+                    sequences
+                    if strip_sig_or_bom is False
+                    else sequences[len(sig_payload) :],
+                    encoding=encoding_iana,
+                )
+        except (UnicodeDecodeError, LookupError) as e:
+            if not isinstance(e, LookupError):
+                logger.log(
+                    TRACE,
+                    "Code page %s does not fit given bytes sequence at ALL. %s",
+                    encoding_iana,
+                    str(e),
+                )
+            tested_but_hard_failure.append(encoding_iana)
+            continue
+
+        similar_soft_failure_test = False  # type: bool
+
+        for encoding_soft_failed in tested_but_soft_failure:
+            if is_cp_similar(encoding_iana, encoding_soft_failed):
+                similar_soft_failure_test = True
+                break
+
+        if similar_soft_failure_test:
+            logger.log(
+                TRACE,
+                "%s is deemed too similar to code page %s and was consider unsuited already. Continuing!",
+                encoding_iana,
+                encoding_soft_failed,
+            )
+            continue
+
+        r_ = range(
+            0 if not bom_or_sig_available else len(sig_payload),
+            length,
+            int(length / steps),
+        )
+
+        multi_byte_bonus = (
+            is_multi_byte_decoder
+            and decoded_payload is not None
+            and len(decoded_payload) < length
+        )  # type: bool
+
+        if multi_byte_bonus:
+            logger.log(
+                TRACE,
+                "Code page %s is a multi byte encoding table and it appear that at least one character "
+                "was encoded using n-bytes.",
+                encoding_iana,
+            )
+
+        max_chunk_gave_up = int(len(r_) / 4)  # type: int
+
+        max_chunk_gave_up = max(max_chunk_gave_up, 2)
+        early_stop_count = 0  # type: int
+        lazy_str_hard_failure = False
+
+        md_chunks = []  # type: List[str]
+        md_ratios = []
+
+        for i in r_:
+            if i + chunk_size > length + 8:
+                continue
+
+            cut_sequence = sequences[i : i + chunk_size]
+
+            if bom_or_sig_available and strip_sig_or_bom is False:
+                cut_sequence = sig_payload + cut_sequence
+
+            try:
+                chunk = cut_sequence.decode(
+                    encoding_iana,
+                    errors="ignore" if is_multi_byte_decoder else "strict",
+                )  # type: str
+            except UnicodeDecodeError as e:  # Lazy str loading may have missed something there
+                logger.log(
+                    TRACE,
+                    "LazyStr Loading: After MD chunk decode, code page %s does not fit given bytes sequence at ALL. %s",
+                    encoding_iana,
+                    str(e),
+                )
+                early_stop_count = max_chunk_gave_up
+                lazy_str_hard_failure = True
+                break
+
+            # multi-byte bad cutting detector and adjustment
+            # not the cleanest way to perform that fix but clever enough for now.
+            if is_multi_byte_decoder and i > 0 and sequences[i] >= 0x80:
+
+                chunk_partial_size_chk = min(chunk_size, 16)  # type: int
+
+                if (
+                    decoded_payload
+                    and chunk[:chunk_partial_size_chk] not in decoded_payload
+                ):
+                    for j in range(i, i - 4, -1):
+                        cut_sequence = sequences[j : i + chunk_size]
+
+                        if bom_or_sig_available and strip_sig_or_bom is False:
+                            cut_sequence = sig_payload + cut_sequence
+
+                        chunk = cut_sequence.decode(encoding_iana, errors="ignore")
+
+                        if chunk[:chunk_partial_size_chk] in decoded_payload:
+                            break
+
+            md_chunks.append(chunk)
+
+            md_ratios.append(mess_ratio(chunk, threshold))
+
+            if md_ratios[-1] >= threshold:
+                early_stop_count += 1
+
+            if (early_stop_count >= max_chunk_gave_up) or (
+                bom_or_sig_available and strip_sig_or_bom is False
+            ):
+                break
+
+        # We might want to check the sequence again with the whole content
+        # Only if initial MD tests passes
+        if (
+            not lazy_str_hard_failure
+            and is_too_large_sequence
+            and not is_multi_byte_decoder
+        ):
+            try:
+                sequences[int(50e3) :].decode(encoding_iana, errors="strict")
+            except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
+                logger.log(
+                    TRACE,
+                    "LazyStr Loading: After final lookup, code page %s does not fit given bytes sequence at ALL. %s",
+                    encoding_iana,
+                    str(e),
+                )
+                tested_but_hard_failure.append(encoding_iana)
+                continue
+
+        mean_mess_ratio = (
+            sum(md_ratios) / len(md_ratios) if md_ratios else 0.0
+        )  # type: float
+        if mean_mess_ratio >= threshold or early_stop_count >= max_chunk_gave_up:
+            tested_but_soft_failure.append(encoding_iana)
+            logger.log(
+                TRACE,
+                "%s was excluded because of initial chaos probing. Gave up %i time(s). "
+                "Computed mean chaos is %f %%.",
+                encoding_iana,
+                early_stop_count,
+                round(mean_mess_ratio * 100, ndigits=3),
+            )
+            # Preparing those fallbacks in case we got nothing.
+            if (
+                encoding_iana in ["ascii", "utf_8", specified_encoding]
+                and not lazy_str_hard_failure
+            ):
+                fallback_entry = CharsetMatch(
+                    sequences, encoding_iana, threshold, False, [], decoded_payload
+                )
+                if encoding_iana == specified_encoding:
+                    fallback_specified = fallback_entry
+                elif encoding_iana == "ascii":
+                    fallback_ascii = fallback_entry
+                else:
+                    fallback_u8 = fallback_entry
+            continue
+
+        logger.log(
+            TRACE,
+            "%s passed initial chaos probing. Mean measured chaos is %f %%",
+            encoding_iana,
+            round(mean_mess_ratio * 100, ndigits=3),
+        )
+
+        if not is_multi_byte_decoder:
+            target_languages = encoding_languages(encoding_iana)  # type: List[str]
+        else:
+            target_languages = mb_encoding_languages(encoding_iana)
+
+        if target_languages:
+            logger.log(
+                TRACE,
+                "{} should target any language(s) of {}".format(
+                    encoding_iana, str(target_languages)
+                ),
+            )
+
+        cd_ratios = []
+
+        # We shall skip the CD when its about ASCII
+        # Most of the time its not relevant to run "language-detection" on it.
+        if encoding_iana != "ascii":
+            for chunk in md_chunks:
+                chunk_languages = coherence_ratio(
+                    chunk, 0.1, ",".join(target_languages) if target_languages else None
+                )
+
+                cd_ratios.append(chunk_languages)
+
+        cd_ratios_merged = merge_coherence_ratios(cd_ratios)
+
+        if cd_ratios_merged:
+            logger.log(
+                TRACE,
+                "We detected language {} using {}".format(
+                    cd_ratios_merged, encoding_iana
+                ),
+            )
+
+        results.append(
+            CharsetMatch(
+                sequences,
+                encoding_iana,
+                mean_mess_ratio,
+                bom_or_sig_available,
+                cd_ratios_merged,
+                decoded_payload,
+            )
+        )
+
+        if (
+            encoding_iana in [specified_encoding, "ascii", "utf_8"]
+            and mean_mess_ratio < 0.1
+        ):
+            logger.debug(
+                "Encoding detection: %s is most likely the one.", encoding_iana
+            )
+            if explain:
+                logger.removeHandler(explain_handler)
+                logger.setLevel(previous_logger_level)
+            return CharsetMatches([results[encoding_iana]])
+
+        if encoding_iana == sig_encoding:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Encoding detection: %s is most likely the one as we detected a BOM or SIG within "
+                "the beginning of the sequence.",
+                encoding_iana,
+            )
+            if explain:
+                logger.removeHandler(explain_handler)
+                logger.setLevel(previous_logger_level)
+            return CharsetMatches([results[encoding_iana]])
+
+    if len(results) == 0:
+        if fallback_u8 or fallback_ascii or fallback_specified:
+            logger.log(
+                TRACE,
+                "Nothing got out of the detection process. Using ASCII/UTF-8/Specified fallback.",
+            )
+
+        if fallback_specified:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Encoding detection: %s will be used as a fallback match",
+                fallback_specified.encoding,
+            )
+            results.append(fallback_specified)
+        elif (
+            (fallback_u8 and fallback_ascii is None)
+            or (
+                fallback_u8
+                and fallback_ascii
+                and fallback_u8.fingerprint != fallback_ascii.fingerprint
+            )
+            or (fallback_u8 is not None)
+        ):
+            logger.debug("Encoding detection: utf_8 will be used as a fallback match")
+            results.append(fallback_u8)
+        elif fallback_ascii:
+            logger.debug("Encoding detection: ascii will be used as a fallback match")
+            results.append(fallback_ascii)
+
+    if results:
+        logger.debug(
+            "Encoding detection: Found %s as plausible (best-candidate) for content. With %i alternatives.",
+            results.best().encoding,  # type: ignore
+            len(results) - 1,
+        )
+    else:
+        logger.debug("Encoding detection: Unable to determine any suitable charset.")
+
+    if explain:
+        logger.removeHandler(explain_handler)
+        logger.setLevel(previous_logger_level)
+
+    return results
+
+
+def from_fp(
+    fp: BinaryIO,
+    steps: int = 5,
+    chunk_size: int = 512,
+    threshold: float = 0.20,
+    cp_isolation: List[str] = None,
+    cp_exclusion: List[str] = None,
+    preemptive_behaviour: bool = True,
+    explain: bool = False,
+) -> CharsetMatches:
+    """
+    Same thing than the function from_bytes but using a file pointer that is already ready.
+    Will not close the file pointer.
+    """
+    return from_bytes(
+        fp.read(),
+        steps,
+        chunk_size,
+        threshold,
+        cp_isolation,
+        cp_exclusion,
+        preemptive_behaviour,
+        explain,
+    )
+
+
+def from_path(
+    path: PathLike,
+    steps: int = 5,
+    chunk_size: int = 512,
+    threshold: float = 0.20,
+    cp_isolation: List[str] = None,
+    cp_exclusion: List[str] = None,
+    preemptive_behaviour: bool = True,
+    explain: bool = False,
+) -> CharsetMatches:
+    """
+    Same thing than the function from_bytes but with one extra step. Opening and reading given file path in binary mode.
+    Can raise IOError.
+    """
+    with open(path, "rb") as fp:
+        return from_fp(
+            fp,
+            steps,
+            chunk_size,
+            threshold,
+            cp_isolation,
+            cp_exclusion,
+            preemptive_behaviour,
+            explain,
+        )
+
+
+def normalize(
+    path: PathLike,
+    steps: int = 5,
+    chunk_size: int = 512,
+    threshold: float = 0.20,
+    cp_isolation: List[str] = None,
+    cp_exclusion: List[str] = None,
+    preemptive_behaviour: bool = True,
+) -> CharsetMatch:
+    """
+    Take a (text-based) file path and try to create another file next to it, this time using UTF-8.
+    """
+    results = from_path(
+        path,
+        steps,
+        chunk_size,
+        threshold,
+        cp_isolation,
+        cp_exclusion,
+        preemptive_behaviour,
+    )
+
+    filename = basename(path)
+    target_extensions = list(splitext(filename))
+
+    if len(results) == 0:
+        raise IOError(
+            'Unable to normalize "{}", no encoding charset seems to fit.'.format(
+                filename
+            )
+        )
+
+    result = results.best()
+
+    target_extensions[0] += "-" + result.encoding  # type: ignore
+
+    with open(
+        "{}".format(str(path).replace(filename, "".join(target_extensions))), "wb"
+    ) as fp:
+        fp.write(result.output())  # type: ignore
+
+    return result  # type: ignore
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/assets/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/assets/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2e56ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/assets/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1244 @@
+# -*- coding: utf_8 -*-
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+FREQUENCIES = OrderedDict(
+    [
+        (
+            "English",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "a",
+                "t",
+                "i",
+                "o",
+                "n",
+                "s",
+                "r",
+                "h",
+                "l",
+                "d",
+                "c",
+                "u",
+                "m",
+                "f",
+                "p",
+                "g",
+                "w",
+                "y",
+                "b",
+                "v",
+                "k",
+                "x",
+                "j",
+                "z",
+                "q",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "German",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "n",
+                "i",
+                "r",
+                "s",
+                "t",
+                "a",
+                "d",
+                "h",
+                "u",
+                "l",
+                "g",
+                "o",
+                "c",
+                "m",
+                "b",
+                "f",
+                "k",
+                "w",
+                "z",
+                "p",
+                "v",
+                "ü",
+                "ä",
+                "ö",
+                "j",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "French",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "a",
+                "s",
+                "n",
+                "i",
+                "t",
+                "r",
+                "l",
+                "u",
+                "o",
+                "d",
+                "c",
+                "p",
+                "m",
+                "é",
+                "v",
+                "g",
+                "f",
+                "b",
+                "h",
+                "q",
+                "à",
+                "x",
+                "è",
+                "y",
+                "j",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Dutch",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "n",
+                "a",
+                "i",
+                "r",
+                "t",
+                "o",
+                "d",
+                "s",
+                "l",
+                "g",
+                "h",
+                "v",
+                "m",
+                "u",
+                "k",
+                "c",
+                "p",
+                "b",
+                "w",
+                "j",
+                "z",
+                "f",
+                "y",
+                "x",
+                "ë",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Italian",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "i",
+                "a",
+                "o",
+                "n",
+                "l",
+                "t",
+                "r",
+                "s",
+                "c",
+                "d",
+                "u",
+                "p",
+                "m",
+                "g",
+                "v",
+                "f",
+                "b",
+                "z",
+                "h",
+                "q",
+                "è",
+                "à",
+                "k",
+                "y",
+                "ò",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Polish",
+            [
+                "a",
+                "i",
+                "o",
+                "e",
+                "n",
+                "r",
+                "z",
+                "w",
+                "s",
+                "c",
+                "t",
+                "k",
+                "y",
+                "d",
+                "p",
+                "m",
+                "u",
+                "l",
+                "j",
+                "ł",
+                "g",
+                "b",
+                "h",
+                "ą",
+                "ę",
+                "ó",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Spanish",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "a",
+                "o",
+                "n",
+                "s",
+                "r",
+                "i",
+                "l",
+                "d",
+                "t",
+                "c",
+                "u",
+                "m",
+                "p",
+                "b",
+                "g",
+                "v",
+                "f",
+                "y",
+                "ó",
+                "h",
+                "q",
+                "í",
+                "j",
+                "z",
+                "á",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Russian",
+            [
+                "о",
+                "а",
+                "е",
+                "и",
+                "н",
+                "с",
+                "т",
+                "р",
+                "в",
+                "л",
+                "к",
+                "м",
+                "д",
+                "п",
+                "у",
+                "г",
+                "я",
+                "ы",
+                "з",
+                "б",
+                "й",
+                "ь",
+                "ч",
+                "х",
+                "ж",
+                "ц",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Japanese",
+            [
+                "の",
+                "に",
+                "る",
+                "た",
+                "は",
+                "ー",
+                "と",
+                "し",
+                "を",
+                "で",
+                "て",
+                "が",
+                "い",
+                "ン",
+                "れ",
+                "な",
+                "年",
+                "ス",
+                "っ",
+                "ル",
+                "か",
+                "ら",
+                "あ",
+                "さ",
+                "も",
+                "り",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Portuguese",
+            [
+                "a",
+                "e",
+                "o",
+                "s",
+                "i",
+                "r",
+                "d",
+                "n",
+                "t",
+                "m",
+                "u",
+                "c",
+                "l",
+                "p",
+                "g",
+                "v",
+                "b",
+                "f",
+                "h",
+                "ã",
+                "q",
+                "é",
+                "ç",
+                "á",
+                "z",
+                "í",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Swedish",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "a",
+                "n",
+                "r",
+                "t",
+                "s",
+                "i",
+                "l",
+                "d",
+                "o",
+                "m",
+                "k",
+                "g",
+                "v",
+                "h",
+                "f",
+                "u",
+                "p",
+                "ä",
+                "c",
+                "b",
+                "ö",
+                "å",
+                "y",
+                "j",
+                "x",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Chinese",
+            [
+                "的",
+                "一",
+                "是",
+                "不",
+                "了",
+                "在",
+                "人",
+                "有",
+                "我",
+                "他",
+                "这",
+                "个",
+                "们",
+                "中",
+                "来",
+                "上",
+                "大",
+                "为",
+                "和",
+                "国",
+                "地",
+                "到",
+                "以",
+                "说",
+                "时",
+                "要",
+                "就",
+                "出",
+                "会",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Ukrainian",
+            [
+                "о",
+                "а",
+                "н",
+                "і",
+                "и",
+                "р",
+                "в",
+                "т",
+                "е",
+                "с",
+                "к",
+                "л",
+                "у",
+                "д",
+                "м",
+                "п",
+                "з",
+                "я",
+                "ь",
+                "б",
+                "г",
+                "й",
+                "ч",
+                "х",
+                "ц",
+                "ї",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Norwegian",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "r",
+                "n",
+                "t",
+                "a",
+                "s",
+                "i",
+                "o",
+                "l",
+                "d",
+                "g",
+                "k",
+                "m",
+                "v",
+                "f",
+                "p",
+                "u",
+                "b",
+                "h",
+                "å",
+                "y",
+                "j",
+                "ø",
+                "c",
+                "æ",
+                "w",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Finnish",
+            [
+                "a",
+                "i",
+                "n",
+                "t",
+                "e",
+                "s",
+                "l",
+                "o",
+                "u",
+                "k",
+                "ä",
+                "m",
+                "r",
+                "v",
+                "j",
+                "h",
+                "p",
+                "y",
+                "d",
+                "ö",
+                "g",
+                "c",
+                "b",
+                "f",
+                "w",
+                "z",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Vietnamese",
+            [
+                "n",
+                "h",
+                "t",
+                "i",
+                "c",
+                "g",
+                "a",
+                "o",
+                "u",
+                "m",
+                "l",
+                "r",
+                "à",
+                "đ",
+                "s",
+                "e",
+                "v",
+                "p",
+                "b",
+                "y",
+                "ư",
+                "d",
+                "á",
+                "k",
+                "ộ",
+                "ế",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Czech",
+            [
+                "o",
+                "e",
+                "a",
+                "n",
+                "t",
+                "s",
+                "i",
+                "l",
+                "v",
+                "r",
+                "k",
+                "d",
+                "u",
+                "m",
+                "p",
+                "í",
+                "c",
+                "h",
+                "z",
+                "á",
+                "y",
+                "j",
+                "b",
+                "ě",
+                "é",
+                "ř",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Hungarian",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "a",
+                "t",
+                "l",
+                "s",
+                "n",
+                "k",
+                "r",
+                "i",
+                "o",
+                "z",
+                "á",
+                "é",
+                "g",
+                "m",
+                "b",
+                "y",
+                "v",
+                "d",
+                "h",
+                "u",
+                "p",
+                "j",
+                "ö",
+                "f",
+                "c",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Korean",
+            [
+                "이",
+                "다",
+                "에",
+                "의",
+                "는",
+                "로",
+                "하",
+                "을",
+                "가",
+                "고",
+                "지",
+                "서",
+                "한",
+                "은",
+                "기",
+                "으",
+                "년",
+                "대",
+                "사",
+                "시",
+                "를",
+                "리",
+                "도",
+                "인",
+                "스",
+                "일",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Indonesian",
+            [
+                "a",
+                "n",
+                "e",
+                "i",
+                "r",
+                "t",
+                "u",
+                "s",
+                "d",
+                "k",
+                "m",
+                "l",
+                "g",
+                "p",
+                "b",
+                "o",
+                "h",
+                "y",
+                "j",
+                "c",
+                "w",
+                "f",
+                "v",
+                "z",
+                "x",
+                "q",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Turkish",
+            [
+                "a",
+                "e",
+                "i",
+                "n",
+                "r",
+                "l",
+                "ı",
+                "k",
+                "d",
+                "t",
+                "s",
+                "m",
+                "y",
+                "u",
+                "o",
+                "b",
+                "ü",
+                "ş",
+                "v",
+                "g",
+                "z",
+                "h",
+                "c",
+                "p",
+                "ç",
+                "ğ",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Romanian",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "i",
+                "a",
+                "r",
+                "n",
+                "t",
+                "u",
+                "l",
+                "o",
+                "c",
+                "s",
+                "d",
+                "p",
+                "m",
+                "ă",
+                "f",
+                "v",
+                "î",
+                "g",
+                "b",
+                "ș",
+                "ț",
+                "z",
+                "h",
+                "â",
+                "j",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Farsi",
+            [
+                "ا",
+                "ی",
+                "ر",
+                "د",
+                "ن",
+                "ه",
+                "و",
+                "م",
+                "ت",
+                "ب",
+                "س",
+                "ل",
+                "ک",
+                "ش",
+                "ز",
+                "ف",
+                "گ",
+                "ع",
+                "خ",
+                "ق",
+                "ج",
+                "آ",
+                "پ",
+                "ح",
+                "ط",
+                "ص",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Arabic",
+            [
+                "ا",
+                "ل",
+                "ي",
+                "م",
+                "و",
+                "ن",
+                "ر",
+                "ت",
+                "ب",
+                "ة",
+                "ع",
+                "د",
+                "س",
+                "ف",
+                "ه",
+                "ك",
+                "ق",
+                "أ",
+                "ح",
+                "ج",
+                "ش",
+                "ط",
+                "ص",
+                "ى",
+                "خ",
+                "إ",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Danish",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "r",
+                "n",
+                "t",
+                "a",
+                "i",
+                "s",
+                "d",
+                "l",
+                "o",
+                "g",
+                "m",
+                "k",
+                "f",
+                "v",
+                "u",
+                "b",
+                "h",
+                "p",
+                "å",
+                "y",
+                "ø",
+                "æ",
+                "c",
+                "j",
+                "w",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Serbian",
+            [
+                "а",
+                "и",
+                "о",
+                "е",
+                "н",
+                "р",
+                "с",
+                "у",
+                "т",
+                "к",
+                "ј",
+                "в",
+                "д",
+                "м",
+                "п",
+                "л",
+                "г",
+                "з",
+                "б",
+                "a",
+                "i",
+                "e",
+                "o",
+                "n",
+                "ц",
+                "ш",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Lithuanian",
+            [
+                "i",
+                "a",
+                "s",
+                "o",
+                "r",
+                "e",
+                "t",
+                "n",
+                "u",
+                "k",
+                "m",
+                "l",
+                "p",
+                "v",
+                "d",
+                "j",
+                "g",
+                "ė",
+                "b",
+                "y",
+                "ų",
+                "š",
+                "ž",
+                "c",
+                "ą",
+                "į",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Slovene",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "a",
+                "i",
+                "o",
+                "n",
+                "r",
+                "s",
+                "l",
+                "t",
+                "j",
+                "v",
+                "k",
+                "d",
+                "p",
+                "m",
+                "u",
+                "z",
+                "b",
+                "g",
+                "h",
+                "č",
+                "c",
+                "š",
+                "ž",
+                "f",
+                "y",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Slovak",
+            [
+                "o",
+                "a",
+                "e",
+                "n",
+                "i",
+                "r",
+                "v",
+                "t",
+                "s",
+                "l",
+                "k",
+                "d",
+                "m",
+                "p",
+                "u",
+                "c",
+                "h",
+                "j",
+                "b",
+                "z",
+                "á",
+                "y",
+                "ý",
+                "í",
+                "č",
+                "é",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Hebrew",
+            [
+                "י",
+                "ו",
+                "ה",
+                "ל",
+                "ר",
+                "ב",
+                "ת",
+                "מ",
+                "א",
+                "ש",
+                "נ",
+                "ע",
+                "ם",
+                "ד",
+                "ק",
+                "ח",
+                "פ",
+                "ס",
+                "כ",
+                "ג",
+                "ט",
+                "צ",
+                "ן",
+                "ז",
+                "ך",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Bulgarian",
+            [
+                "а",
+                "и",
+                "о",
+                "е",
+                "н",
+                "т",
+                "р",
+                "с",
+                "в",
+                "л",
+                "к",
+                "д",
+                "п",
+                "м",
+                "з",
+                "г",
+                "я",
+                "ъ",
+                "у",
+                "б",
+                "ч",
+                "ц",
+                "й",
+                "ж",
+                "щ",
+                "х",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Croatian",
+            [
+                "a",
+                "i",
+                "o",
+                "e",
+                "n",
+                "r",
+                "j",
+                "s",
+                "t",
+                "u",
+                "k",
+                "l",
+                "v",
+                "d",
+                "m",
+                "p",
+                "g",
+                "z",
+                "b",
+                "c",
+                "č",
+                "h",
+                "š",
+                "ž",
+                "ć",
+                "f",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Hindi",
+            [
+                "क",
+                "र",
+                "स",
+                "न",
+                "त",
+                "म",
+                "ह",
+                "प",
+                "य",
+                "ल",
+                "व",
+                "ज",
+                "द",
+                "ग",
+                "ब",
+                "श",
+                "ट",
+                "अ",
+                "ए",
+                "थ",
+                "भ",
+                "ड",
+                "च",
+                "ध",
+                "ष",
+                "इ",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Estonian",
+            [
+                "a",
+                "i",
+                "e",
+                "s",
+                "t",
+                "l",
+                "u",
+                "n",
+                "o",
+                "k",
+                "r",
+                "d",
+                "m",
+                "v",
+                "g",
+                "p",
+                "j",
+                "h",
+                "ä",
+                "b",
+                "õ",
+                "ü",
+                "f",
+                "c",
+                "ö",
+                "y",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Simple English",
+            [
+                "e",
+                "a",
+                "t",
+                "i",
+                "o",
+                "n",
+                "s",
+                "r",
+                "h",
+                "l",
+                "d",
+                "c",
+                "m",
+                "u",
+                "f",
+                "p",
+                "g",
+                "w",
+                "b",
+                "y",
+                "v",
+                "k",
+                "j",
+                "x",
+                "z",
+                "q",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Thai",
+            [
+                "า",
+                "น",
+                "ร",
+                "อ",
+                "ก",
+                "เ",
+                "ง",
+                "ม",
+                "ย",
+                "ล",
+                "ว",
+                "ด",
+                "ท",
+                "ส",
+                "ต",
+                "ะ",
+                "ป",
+                "บ",
+                "ค",
+                "ห",
+                "แ",
+                "จ",
+                "พ",
+                "ช",
+                "ข",
+                "ใ",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Greek",
+            [
+                "α",
+                "τ",
+                "ο",
+                "ι",
+                "ε",
+                "ν",
+                "ρ",
+                "σ",
+                "κ",
+                "η",
+                "π",
+                "ς",
+                "υ",
+                "μ",
+                "λ",
+                "ί",
+                "ό",
+                "ά",
+                "γ",
+                "έ",
+                "δ",
+                "ή",
+                "ω",
+                "χ",
+                "θ",
+                "ύ",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Tamil",
+            [
+                "க",
+                "த",
+                "ப",
+                "ட",
+                "ர",
+                "ம",
+                "ல",
+                "ன",
+                "வ",
+                "ற",
+                "ய",
+                "ள",
+                "ச",
+                "ந",
+                "இ",
+                "ண",
+                "அ",
+                "ஆ",
+                "ழ",
+                "ங",
+                "எ",
+                "உ",
+                "ஒ",
+                "ஸ",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Classical Chinese",
+            [
+                "之",
+                "年",
+                "為",
+                "也",
+                "以",
+                "一",
+                "人",
+                "其",
+                "者",
+                "國",
+                "有",
+                "二",
+                "十",
+                "於",
+                "曰",
+                "三",
+                "不",
+                "大",
+                "而",
+                "子",
+                "中",
+                "五",
+                "四",
+            ],
+        ),
+        (
+            "Kazakh",
+            [
+                "а",
+                "ы",
+                "е",
+                "н",
+                "т",
+                "р",
+                "л",
+                "і",
+                "д",
+                "с",
+                "м",
+                "қ",
+                "к",
+                "о",
+                "б",
+                "и",
+                "у",
+                "ғ",
+                "ж",
+                "ң",
+                "з",
+                "ш",
+                "й",
+                "п",
+                "г",
+                "ө",
+            ],
+        ),
+    ]
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cd.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cd.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8429a0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cd.py
@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+import importlib
+from codecs import IncrementalDecoder
+from collections import Counter, OrderedDict
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from .assets import FREQUENCIES
+from .constant import KO_NAMES, LANGUAGE_SUPPORTED_COUNT, TOO_SMALL_SEQUENCE, ZH_NAMES
+from .md import is_suspiciously_successive_range
+from .models import CoherenceMatches
+from .utils import (
+    is_accentuated,
+    is_latin,
+    is_multi_byte_encoding,
+    is_unicode_range_secondary,
+    unicode_range,
+)
+
+
+def encoding_unicode_range(iana_name: str) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Return associated unicode ranges in a single byte code page.
+    """
+    if is_multi_byte_encoding(iana_name):
+        raise IOError("Function not supported on multi-byte code page")
+
+    decoder = importlib.import_module("encodings.{}".format(iana_name)).IncrementalDecoder  # type: ignore
+
+    p = decoder(errors="ignore")  # type: IncrementalDecoder
+    seen_ranges = {}  # type: Dict[str, int]
+    character_count = 0  # type: int
+
+    for i in range(0x40, 0xFF):
+        chunk = p.decode(bytes([i]))  # type: str
+
+        if chunk:
+            character_range = unicode_range(chunk)  # type: Optional[str]
+
+            if character_range is None:
+                continue
+
+            if is_unicode_range_secondary(character_range) is False:
+                if character_range not in seen_ranges:
+                    seen_ranges[character_range] = 0
+                seen_ranges[character_range] += 1
+                character_count += 1
+
+    return sorted(
+        [
+            character_range
+            for character_range in seen_ranges
+            if seen_ranges[character_range] / character_count >= 0.15
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+def unicode_range_languages(primary_range: str) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Return inferred languages used with a unicode range.
+    """
+    languages = []  # type: List[str]
+
+    for language, characters in FREQUENCIES.items():
+        for character in characters:
+            if unicode_range(character) == primary_range:
+                languages.append(language)
+                break
+
+    return languages
+
+
+@lru_cache()
+def encoding_languages(iana_name: str) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Single-byte encoding language association. Some code page are heavily linked to particular language(s).
+    This function does the correspondence.
+    """
+    unicode_ranges = encoding_unicode_range(iana_name)  # type: List[str]
+    primary_range = None  # type: Optional[str]
+
+    for specified_range in unicode_ranges:
+        if "Latin" not in specified_range:
+            primary_range = specified_range
+            break
+
+    if primary_range is None:
+        return ["Latin Based"]
+
+    return unicode_range_languages(primary_range)
+
+
+@lru_cache()
+def mb_encoding_languages(iana_name: str) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Multi-byte encoding language association. Some code page are heavily linked to particular language(s).
+    This function does the correspondence.
+    """
+    if (
+        iana_name.startswith("shift_")
+        or iana_name.startswith("iso2022_jp")
+        or iana_name.startswith("euc_j")
+        or iana_name == "cp932"
+    ):
+        return ["Japanese"]
+    if iana_name.startswith("gb") or iana_name in ZH_NAMES:
+        return ["Chinese", "Classical Chinese"]
+    if iana_name.startswith("iso2022_kr") or iana_name in KO_NAMES:
+        return ["Korean"]
+
+    return []
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=LANGUAGE_SUPPORTED_COUNT)
+def get_target_features(language: str) -> Tuple[bool, bool]:
+    """
+    Determine main aspects from a supported language if it contains accents and if is pure Latin.
+    """
+    target_have_accents = False  # type: bool
+    target_pure_latin = True  # type: bool
+
+    for character in FREQUENCIES[language]:
+        if not target_have_accents and is_accentuated(character):
+            target_have_accents = True
+        if target_pure_latin and is_latin(character) is False:
+            target_pure_latin = False
+
+    return target_have_accents, target_pure_latin
+
+
+def alphabet_languages(
+    characters: List[str], ignore_non_latin: bool = False
+) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Return associated languages associated to given characters.
+    """
+    languages = []  # type: List[Tuple[str, float]]
+
+    source_have_accents = any(is_accentuated(character) for character in characters)
+
+    for language, language_characters in FREQUENCIES.items():
+
+        target_have_accents, target_pure_latin = get_target_features(language)
+
+        if ignore_non_latin and target_pure_latin is False:
+            continue
+
+        if target_have_accents is False and source_have_accents:
+            continue
+
+        character_count = len(language_characters)  # type: int
+
+        character_match_count = len(
+            [c for c in language_characters if c in characters]
+        )  # type: int
+
+        ratio = character_match_count / character_count  # type: float
+
+        if ratio >= 0.2:
+            languages.append((language, ratio))
+
+    languages = sorted(languages, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
+
+    return [compatible_language[0] for compatible_language in languages]
+
+
+def characters_popularity_compare(
+    language: str, ordered_characters: List[str]
+) -> float:
+    """
+    Determine if a ordered characters list (by occurrence from most appearance to rarest) match a particular language.
+    The result is a ratio between 0. (absolutely no correspondence) and 1. (near perfect fit).
+    Beware that is function is not strict on the match in order to ease the detection. (Meaning close match is 1.)
+    """
+    if language not in FREQUENCIES:
+        raise ValueError("{} not available".format(language))
+
+    character_approved_count = 0  # type: int
+
+    for character in ordered_characters:
+        if character not in FREQUENCIES[language]:
+            continue
+
+        characters_before_source = FREQUENCIES[language][
+            0 : FREQUENCIES[language].index(character)
+        ]  # type: List[str]
+        characters_after_source = FREQUENCIES[language][
+            FREQUENCIES[language].index(character) :
+        ]  # type: List[str]
+
+        characters_before = ordered_characters[
+            0 : ordered_characters.index(character)
+        ]  # type: List[str]
+        characters_after = ordered_characters[
+            ordered_characters.index(character) :
+        ]  # type: List[str]
+
+        before_match_count = [
+            e in characters_before for e in characters_before_source
+        ].count(
+            True
+        )  # type: int
+        after_match_count = [
+            e in characters_after for e in characters_after_source
+        ].count(
+            True
+        )  # type: int
+
+        if len(characters_before_source) == 0 and before_match_count <= 4:
+            character_approved_count += 1
+            continue
+
+        if len(characters_after_source) == 0 and after_match_count <= 4:
+            character_approved_count += 1
+            continue
+
+        if (
+            before_match_count / len(characters_before_source) >= 0.4
+            or after_match_count / len(characters_after_source) >= 0.4
+        ):
+            character_approved_count += 1
+            continue
+
+    return character_approved_count / len(ordered_characters)
+
+
+def alpha_unicode_split(decoded_sequence: str) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Given a decoded text sequence, return a list of str. Unicode range / alphabet separation.
+    Ex. a text containing English/Latin with a bit a Hebrew will return two items in the resulting list;
+    One containing the latin letters and the other hebrew.
+    """
+    layers = OrderedDict()  # type: Dict[str, str]
+
+    for character in decoded_sequence:
+        if character.isalpha() is False:
+            continue
+
+        character_range = unicode_range(character)  # type: Optional[str]
+
+        if character_range is None:
+            continue
+
+        layer_target_range = None  # type: Optional[str]
+
+        for discovered_range in layers:
+            if (
+                is_suspiciously_successive_range(discovered_range, character_range)
+                is False
+            ):
+                layer_target_range = discovered_range
+                break
+
+        if layer_target_range is None:
+            layer_target_range = character_range
+
+        if layer_target_range not in layers:
+            layers[layer_target_range] = character.lower()
+            continue
+
+        layers[layer_target_range] += character.lower()
+
+    return list(layers.values())
+
+
+def merge_coherence_ratios(results: List[CoherenceMatches]) -> CoherenceMatches:
+    """
+    This function merge results previously given by the function coherence_ratio.
+    The return type is the same as coherence_ratio.
+    """
+    per_language_ratios = OrderedDict()  # type: Dict[str, List[float]]
+    for result in results:
+        for sub_result in result:
+            language, ratio = sub_result
+            if language not in per_language_ratios:
+                per_language_ratios[language] = [ratio]
+                continue
+            per_language_ratios[language].append(ratio)
+
+    merge = [
+        (
+            language,
+            round(
+                sum(per_language_ratios[language]) / len(per_language_ratios[language]),
+                4,
+            ),
+        )
+        for language in per_language_ratios
+    ]
+
+    return sorted(merge, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=2048)
+def coherence_ratio(
+    decoded_sequence: str, threshold: float = 0.1, lg_inclusion: Optional[str] = None
+) -> CoherenceMatches:
+    """
+    Detect ANY language that can be identified in given sequence. The sequence will be analysed by layers.
+    A layer = Character extraction by alphabets/ranges.
+    """
+
+    results = []  # type: List[Tuple[str, float]]
+    ignore_non_latin = False  # type: bool
+
+    sufficient_match_count = 0  # type: int
+
+    lg_inclusion_list = lg_inclusion.split(",") if lg_inclusion is not None else []
+    if "Latin Based" in lg_inclusion_list:
+        ignore_non_latin = True
+        lg_inclusion_list.remove("Latin Based")
+
+    for layer in alpha_unicode_split(decoded_sequence):
+        sequence_frequencies = Counter(layer)  # type: Counter
+        most_common = sequence_frequencies.most_common()
+
+        character_count = sum(o for c, o in most_common)  # type: int
+
+        if character_count <= TOO_SMALL_SEQUENCE:
+            continue
+
+        popular_character_ordered = [c for c, o in most_common]  # type: List[str]
+
+        for language in lg_inclusion_list or alphabet_languages(
+            popular_character_ordered, ignore_non_latin
+        ):
+            ratio = characters_popularity_compare(
+                language, popular_character_ordered
+            )  # type: float
+
+            if ratio < threshold:
+                continue
+            elif ratio >= 0.8:
+                sufficient_match_count += 1
+
+            results.append((language, round(ratio, 4)))
+
+            if sufficient_match_count >= 3:
+                break
+
+    return sorted(results, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/normalizer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/normalizer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f912c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/cli/normalizer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+import argparse
+import sys
+from json import dumps
+from os.path import abspath
+from platform import python_version
+from typing import List
+
+from charset_normalizer import from_fp
+from charset_normalizer.models import CliDetectionResult
+from charset_normalizer.version import __version__
+
+
+def query_yes_no(question: str, default: str = "yes") -> bool:
+    """Ask a yes/no question via input() and return their answer.
+
+    "question" is a string that is presented to the user.
+    "default" is the presumed answer if the user just hits <Enter>.
+        It must be "yes" (the default), "no" or None (meaning
+        an answer is required of the user).
+
+    The "answer" return value is True for "yes" or False for "no".
+
+    Credit goes to (c) https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3041986/apt-command-line-interface-like-yes-no-input
+    """
+    valid = {"yes": True, "y": True, "ye": True, "no": False, "n": False}
+    if default is None:
+        prompt = " [y/n] "
+    elif default == "yes":
+        prompt = " [Y/n] "
+    elif default == "no":
+        prompt = " [y/N] "
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("invalid default answer: '%s'" % default)
+
+    while True:
+        sys.stdout.write(question + prompt)
+        choice = input().lower()
+        if default is not None and choice == "":
+            return valid[default]
+        elif choice in valid:
+            return valid[choice]
+        else:
+            sys.stdout.write("Please respond with 'yes' or 'no' " "(or 'y' or 'n').\n")
+
+
+def cli_detect(argv: List[str] = None) -> int:
+    """
+    CLI assistant using ARGV and ArgumentParser
+    :param argv:
+    :return: 0 if everything is fine, anything else equal trouble
+    """
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="The Real First Universal Charset Detector. "
+        "Discover originating encoding used on text file. "
+        "Normalize text to unicode."
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "files", type=argparse.FileType("rb"), nargs="+", help="File(s) to be analysed"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-v",
+        "--verbose",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        dest="verbose",
+        help="Display complementary information about file if any. "
+        "Stdout will contain logs about the detection process.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-a",
+        "--with-alternative",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        dest="alternatives",
+        help="Output complementary possibilities if any. Top-level JSON WILL be a list.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-n",
+        "--normalize",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        dest="normalize",
+        help="Permit to normalize input file. If not set, program does not write anything.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-m",
+        "--minimal",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        dest="minimal",
+        help="Only output the charset detected to STDOUT. Disabling JSON output.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-r",
+        "--replace",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        dest="replace",
+        help="Replace file when trying to normalize it instead of creating a new one.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-f",
+        "--force",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        dest="force",
+        help="Replace file without asking if you are sure, use this flag with caution.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-t",
+        "--threshold",
+        action="store",
+        default=0.1,
+        type=float,
+        dest="threshold",
+        help="Define a custom maximum amount of chaos allowed in decoded content. 0. <= chaos <= 1.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--version",
+        action="version",
+        version="Charset-Normalizer {} - Python {}".format(
+            __version__, python_version()
+        ),
+        help="Show version information and exit.",
+    )
+
+    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+    if args.replace is True and args.normalize is False:
+        print("Use --replace in addition of --normalize only.", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+
+    if args.force is True and args.replace is False:
+        print("Use --force in addition of --replace only.", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+
+    if args.threshold < 0.0 or args.threshold > 1.0:
+        print("--threshold VALUE should be between 0. AND 1.", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+
+    x_ = []
+
+    for my_file in args.files:
+
+        matches = from_fp(my_file, threshold=args.threshold, explain=args.verbose)
+
+        best_guess = matches.best()
+
+        if best_guess is None:
+            print(
+                'Unable to identify originating encoding for "{}". {}'.format(
+                    my_file.name,
+                    "Maybe try increasing maximum amount of chaos."
+                    if args.threshold < 1.0
+                    else "",
+                ),
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+            x_.append(
+                CliDetectionResult(
+                    abspath(my_file.name),
+                    None,
+                    [],
+                    [],
+                    "Unknown",
+                    [],
+                    False,
+                    1.0,
+                    0.0,
+                    None,
+                    True,
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            x_.append(
+                CliDetectionResult(
+                    abspath(my_file.name),
+                    best_guess.encoding,
+                    best_guess.encoding_aliases,
+                    [
+                        cp
+                        for cp in best_guess.could_be_from_charset
+                        if cp != best_guess.encoding
+                    ],
+                    best_guess.language,
+                    best_guess.alphabets,
+                    best_guess.bom,
+                    best_guess.percent_chaos,
+                    best_guess.percent_coherence,
+                    None,
+                    True,
+                )
+            )
+
+            if len(matches) > 1 and args.alternatives:
+                for el in matches:
+                    if el != best_guess:
+                        x_.append(
+                            CliDetectionResult(
+                                abspath(my_file.name),
+                                el.encoding,
+                                el.encoding_aliases,
+                                [
+                                    cp
+                                    for cp in el.could_be_from_charset
+                                    if cp != el.encoding
+                                ],
+                                el.language,
+                                el.alphabets,
+                                el.bom,
+                                el.percent_chaos,
+                                el.percent_coherence,
+                                None,
+                                False,
+                            )
+                        )
+
+            if args.normalize is True:
+
+                if best_guess.encoding.startswith("utf") is True:
+                    print(
+                        '"{}" file does not need to be normalized, as it already came from unicode.'.format(
+                            my_file.name
+                        ),
+                        file=sys.stderr,
+                    )
+                    if my_file.closed is False:
+                        my_file.close()
+                    continue
+
+                o_ = my_file.name.split(".")  # type: List[str]
+
+                if args.replace is False:
+                    o_.insert(-1, best_guess.encoding)
+                    if my_file.closed is False:
+                        my_file.close()
+                elif (
+                    args.force is False
+                    and query_yes_no(
+                        'Are you sure to normalize "{}" by replacing it ?'.format(
+                            my_file.name
+                        ),
+                        "no",
+                    )
+                    is False
+                ):
+                    if my_file.closed is False:
+                        my_file.close()
+                    continue
+
+                try:
+                    x_[0].unicode_path = abspath("./{}".format(".".join(o_)))
+
+                    with open(x_[0].unicode_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
+                        fp.write(str(best_guess))
+                except IOError as e:
+                    print(str(e), file=sys.stderr)
+                    if my_file.closed is False:
+                        my_file.close()
+                    return 2
+
+        if my_file.closed is False:
+            my_file.close()
+
+    if args.minimal is False:
+        print(
+            dumps(
+                [el.__dict__ for el in x_] if len(x_) > 1 else x_[0].__dict__,
+                ensure_ascii=True,
+                indent=4,
+            )
+        )
+    else:
+        for my_file in args.files:
+            print(
+                ", ".join(
+                    [
+                        el.encoding or "undefined"
+                        for el in x_
+                        if el.path == abspath(my_file.name)
+                    ]
+                )
+            )
+
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    cli_detect()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/constant.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/constant.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c32f5cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/constant.py
@@ -0,0 +1,503 @@
+from codecs import BOM_UTF8, BOM_UTF16_BE, BOM_UTF16_LE, BOM_UTF32_BE, BOM_UTF32_LE
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from encodings.aliases import aliases
+from re import IGNORECASE, compile as re_compile
+from typing import Dict, List, Set, Union
+
+from .assets import FREQUENCIES
+
+# Contain for each eligible encoding a list of/item bytes SIG/BOM
+ENCODING_MARKS = OrderedDict(
+    [
+        ("utf_8", BOM_UTF8),
+        (
+            "utf_7",
+            [
+                b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x38",
+                b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x39",
+                b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x2b",
+                b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x2f",
+                b"\x2b\x2f\x76\x38\x2d",
+            ],
+        ),
+        ("gb18030", b"\x84\x31\x95\x33"),
+        ("utf_32", [BOM_UTF32_BE, BOM_UTF32_LE]),
+        ("utf_16", [BOM_UTF16_BE, BOM_UTF16_LE]),
+    ]
+)  # type: Dict[str, Union[bytes, List[bytes]]]
+
+TOO_SMALL_SEQUENCE = 32  # type: int
+TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE = int(10e6)  # type: int
+
+UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION = 1112064  # type: int
+
+UNICODE_RANGES_COMBINED = {
+    "Control character": range(31 + 1),
+    "Basic Latin": range(32, 127 + 1),
+    "Latin-1 Supplement": range(128, 255 + 1),
+    "Latin Extended-A": range(256, 383 + 1),
+    "Latin Extended-B": range(384, 591 + 1),
+    "IPA Extensions": range(592, 687 + 1),
+    "Spacing Modifier Letters": range(688, 767 + 1),
+    "Combining Diacritical Marks": range(768, 879 + 1),
+    "Greek and Coptic": range(880, 1023 + 1),
+    "Cyrillic": range(1024, 1279 + 1),
+    "Cyrillic Supplement": range(1280, 1327 + 1),
+    "Armenian": range(1328, 1423 + 1),
+    "Hebrew": range(1424, 1535 + 1),
+    "Arabic": range(1536, 1791 + 1),
+    "Syriac": range(1792, 1871 + 1),
+    "Arabic Supplement": range(1872, 1919 + 1),
+    "Thaana": range(1920, 1983 + 1),
+    "NKo": range(1984, 2047 + 1),
+    "Samaritan": range(2048, 2111 + 1),
+    "Mandaic": range(2112, 2143 + 1),
+    "Syriac Supplement": range(2144, 2159 + 1),
+    "Arabic Extended-A": range(2208, 2303 + 1),
+    "Devanagari": range(2304, 2431 + 1),
+    "Bengali": range(2432, 2559 + 1),
+    "Gurmukhi": range(2560, 2687 + 1),
+    "Gujarati": range(2688, 2815 + 1),
+    "Oriya": range(2816, 2943 + 1),
+    "Tamil": range(2944, 3071 + 1),
+    "Telugu": range(3072, 3199 + 1),
+    "Kannada": range(3200, 3327 + 1),
+    "Malayalam": range(3328, 3455 + 1),
+    "Sinhala": range(3456, 3583 + 1),
+    "Thai": range(3584, 3711 + 1),
+    "Lao": range(3712, 3839 + 1),
+    "Tibetan": range(3840, 4095 + 1),
+    "Myanmar": range(4096, 4255 + 1),
+    "Georgian": range(4256, 4351 + 1),
+    "Hangul Jamo": range(4352, 4607 + 1),
+    "Ethiopic": range(4608, 4991 + 1),
+    "Ethiopic Supplement": range(4992, 5023 + 1),
+    "Cherokee": range(5024, 5119 + 1),
+    "Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics": range(5120, 5759 + 1),
+    "Ogham": range(5760, 5791 + 1),
+    "Runic": range(5792, 5887 + 1),
+    "Tagalog": range(5888, 5919 + 1),
+    "Hanunoo": range(5920, 5951 + 1),
+    "Buhid": range(5952, 5983 + 1),
+    "Tagbanwa": range(5984, 6015 + 1),
+    "Khmer": range(6016, 6143 + 1),
+    "Mongolian": range(6144, 6319 + 1),
+    "Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended": range(6320, 6399 + 1),
+    "Limbu": range(6400, 6479 + 1),
+    "Tai Le": range(6480, 6527 + 1),
+    "New Tai Lue": range(6528, 6623 + 1),
+    "Khmer Symbols": range(6624, 6655 + 1),
+    "Buginese": range(6656, 6687 + 1),
+    "Tai Tham": range(6688, 6831 + 1),
+    "Combining Diacritical Marks Extended": range(6832, 6911 + 1),
+    "Balinese": range(6912, 7039 + 1),
+    "Sundanese": range(7040, 7103 + 1),
+    "Batak": range(7104, 7167 + 1),
+    "Lepcha": range(7168, 7247 + 1),
+    "Ol Chiki": range(7248, 7295 + 1),
+    "Cyrillic Extended C": range(7296, 7311 + 1),
+    "Sundanese Supplement": range(7360, 7375 + 1),
+    "Vedic Extensions": range(7376, 7423 + 1),
+    "Phonetic Extensions": range(7424, 7551 + 1),
+    "Phonetic Extensions Supplement": range(7552, 7615 + 1),
+    "Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement": range(7616, 7679 + 1),
+    "Latin Extended Additional": range(7680, 7935 + 1),
+    "Greek Extended": range(7936, 8191 + 1),
+    "General Punctuation": range(8192, 8303 + 1),
+    "Superscripts and Subscripts": range(8304, 8351 + 1),
+    "Currency Symbols": range(8352, 8399 + 1),
+    "Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols": range(8400, 8447 + 1),
+    "Letterlike Symbols": range(8448, 8527 + 1),
+    "Number Forms": range(8528, 8591 + 1),
+    "Arrows": range(8592, 8703 + 1),
+    "Mathematical Operators": range(8704, 8959 + 1),
+    "Miscellaneous Technical": range(8960, 9215 + 1),
+    "Control Pictures": range(9216, 9279 + 1),
+    "Optical Character Recognition": range(9280, 9311 + 1),
+    "Enclosed Alphanumerics": range(9312, 9471 + 1),
+    "Box Drawing": range(9472, 9599 + 1),
+    "Block Elements": range(9600, 9631 + 1),
+    "Geometric Shapes": range(9632, 9727 + 1),
+    "Miscellaneous Symbols": range(9728, 9983 + 1),
+    "Dingbats": range(9984, 10175 + 1),
+    "Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-A": range(10176, 10223 + 1),
+    "Supplemental Arrows-A": range(10224, 10239 + 1),
+    "Braille Patterns": range(10240, 10495 + 1),
+    "Supplemental Arrows-B": range(10496, 10623 + 1),
+    "Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B": range(10624, 10751 + 1),
+    "Supplemental Mathematical Operators": range(10752, 11007 + 1),
+    "Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows": range(11008, 11263 + 1),
+    "Glagolitic": range(11264, 11359 + 1),
+    "Latin Extended-C": range(11360, 11391 + 1),
+    "Coptic": range(11392, 11519 + 1),
+    "Georgian Supplement": range(11520, 11567 + 1),
+    "Tifinagh": range(11568, 11647 + 1),
+    "Ethiopic Extended": range(11648, 11743 + 1),
+    "Cyrillic Extended-A": range(11744, 11775 + 1),
+    "Supplemental Punctuation": range(11776, 11903 + 1),
+    "CJK Radicals Supplement": range(11904, 12031 + 1),
+    "Kangxi Radicals": range(12032, 12255 + 1),
+    "Ideographic Description Characters": range(12272, 12287 + 1),
+    "CJK Symbols and Punctuation": range(12288, 12351 + 1),
+    "Hiragana": range(12352, 12447 + 1),
+    "Katakana": range(12448, 12543 + 1),
+    "Bopomofo": range(12544, 12591 + 1),
+    "Hangul Compatibility Jamo": range(12592, 12687 + 1),
+    "Kanbun": range(12688, 12703 + 1),
+    "Bopomofo Extended": range(12704, 12735 + 1),
+    "CJK Strokes": range(12736, 12783 + 1),
+    "Katakana Phonetic Extensions": range(12784, 12799 + 1),
+    "Enclosed CJK Letters and Months": range(12800, 13055 + 1),
+    "CJK Compatibility": range(13056, 13311 + 1),
+    "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A": range(13312, 19903 + 1),
+    "Yijing Hexagram Symbols": range(19904, 19967 + 1),
+    "CJK Unified Ideographs": range(19968, 40959 + 1),
+    "Yi Syllables": range(40960, 42127 + 1),
+    "Yi Radicals": range(42128, 42191 + 1),
+    "Lisu": range(42192, 42239 + 1),
+    "Vai": range(42240, 42559 + 1),
+    "Cyrillic Extended-B": range(42560, 42655 + 1),
+    "Bamum": range(42656, 42751 + 1),
+    "Modifier Tone Letters": range(42752, 42783 + 1),
+    "Latin Extended-D": range(42784, 43007 + 1),
+    "Syloti Nagri": range(43008, 43055 + 1),
+    "Common Indic Number Forms": range(43056, 43071 + 1),
+    "Phags-pa": range(43072, 43135 + 1),
+    "Saurashtra": range(43136, 43231 + 1),
+    "Devanagari Extended": range(43232, 43263 + 1),
+    "Kayah Li": range(43264, 43311 + 1),
+    "Rejang": range(43312, 43359 + 1),
+    "Hangul Jamo Extended-A": range(43360, 43391 + 1),
+    "Javanese": range(43392, 43487 + 1),
+    "Myanmar Extended-B": range(43488, 43519 + 1),
+    "Cham": range(43520, 43615 + 1),
+    "Myanmar Extended-A": range(43616, 43647 + 1),
+    "Tai Viet": range(43648, 43743 + 1),
+    "Meetei Mayek Extensions": range(43744, 43775 + 1),
+    "Ethiopic Extended-A": range(43776, 43823 + 1),
+    "Latin Extended-E": range(43824, 43887 + 1),
+    "Cherokee Supplement": range(43888, 43967 + 1),
+    "Meetei Mayek": range(43968, 44031 + 1),
+    "Hangul Syllables": range(44032, 55215 + 1),
+    "Hangul Jamo Extended-B": range(55216, 55295 + 1),
+    "High Surrogates": range(55296, 56191 + 1),
+    "High Private Use Surrogates": range(56192, 56319 + 1),
+    "Low Surrogates": range(56320, 57343 + 1),
+    "Private Use Area": range(57344, 63743 + 1),
+    "CJK Compatibility Ideographs": range(63744, 64255 + 1),
+    "Alphabetic Presentation Forms": range(64256, 64335 + 1),
+    "Arabic Presentation Forms-A": range(64336, 65023 + 1),
+    "Variation Selectors": range(65024, 65039 + 1),
+    "Vertical Forms": range(65040, 65055 + 1),
+    "Combining Half Marks": range(65056, 65071 + 1),
+    "CJK Compatibility Forms": range(65072, 65103 + 1),
+    "Small Form Variants": range(65104, 65135 + 1),
+    "Arabic Presentation Forms-B": range(65136, 65279 + 1),
+    "Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms": range(65280, 65519 + 1),
+    "Specials": range(65520, 65535 + 1),
+    "Linear B Syllabary": range(65536, 65663 + 1),
+    "Linear B Ideograms": range(65664, 65791 + 1),
+    "Aegean Numbers": range(65792, 65855 + 1),
+    "Ancient Greek Numbers": range(65856, 65935 + 1),
+    "Ancient Symbols": range(65936, 65999 + 1),
+    "Phaistos Disc": range(66000, 66047 + 1),
+    "Lycian": range(66176, 66207 + 1),
+    "Carian": range(66208, 66271 + 1),
+    "Coptic Epact Numbers": range(66272, 66303 + 1),
+    "Old Italic": range(66304, 66351 + 1),
+    "Gothic": range(66352, 66383 + 1),
+    "Old Permic": range(66384, 66431 + 1),
+    "Ugaritic": range(66432, 66463 + 1),
+    "Old Persian": range(66464, 66527 + 1),
+    "Deseret": range(66560, 66639 + 1),
+    "Shavian": range(66640, 66687 + 1),
+    "Osmanya": range(66688, 66735 + 1),
+    "Osage": range(66736, 66815 + 1),
+    "Elbasan": range(66816, 66863 + 1),
+    "Caucasian Albanian": range(66864, 66927 + 1),
+    "Linear A": range(67072, 67455 + 1),
+    "Cypriot Syllabary": range(67584, 67647 + 1),
+    "Imperial Aramaic": range(67648, 67679 + 1),
+    "Palmyrene": range(67680, 67711 + 1),
+    "Nabataean": range(67712, 67759 + 1),
+    "Hatran": range(67808, 67839 + 1),
+    "Phoenician": range(67840, 67871 + 1),
+    "Lydian": range(67872, 67903 + 1),
+    "Meroitic Hieroglyphs": range(67968, 67999 + 1),
+    "Meroitic Cursive": range(68000, 68095 + 1),
+    "Kharoshthi": range(68096, 68191 + 1),
+    "Old South Arabian": range(68192, 68223 + 1),
+    "Old North Arabian": range(68224, 68255 + 1),
+    "Manichaean": range(68288, 68351 + 1),
+    "Avestan": range(68352, 68415 + 1),
+    "Inscriptional Parthian": range(68416, 68447 + 1),
+    "Inscriptional Pahlavi": range(68448, 68479 + 1),
+    "Psalter Pahlavi": range(68480, 68527 + 1),
+    "Old Turkic": range(68608, 68687 + 1),
+    "Old Hungarian": range(68736, 68863 + 1),
+    "Rumi Numeral Symbols": range(69216, 69247 + 1),
+    "Brahmi": range(69632, 69759 + 1),
+    "Kaithi": range(69760, 69839 + 1),
+    "Sora Sompeng": range(69840, 69887 + 1),
+    "Chakma": range(69888, 69967 + 1),
+    "Mahajani": range(69968, 70015 + 1),
+    "Sharada": range(70016, 70111 + 1),
+    "Sinhala Archaic Numbers": range(70112, 70143 + 1),
+    "Khojki": range(70144, 70223 + 1),
+    "Multani": range(70272, 70319 + 1),
+    "Khudawadi": range(70320, 70399 + 1),
+    "Grantha": range(70400, 70527 + 1),
+    "Newa": range(70656, 70783 + 1),
+    "Tirhuta": range(70784, 70879 + 1),
+    "Siddham": range(71040, 71167 + 1),
+    "Modi": range(71168, 71263 + 1),
+    "Mongolian Supplement": range(71264, 71295 + 1),
+    "Takri": range(71296, 71375 + 1),
+    "Ahom": range(71424, 71487 + 1),
+    "Warang Citi": range(71840, 71935 + 1),
+    "Zanabazar Square": range(72192, 72271 + 1),
+    "Soyombo": range(72272, 72367 + 1),
+    "Pau Cin Hau": range(72384, 72447 + 1),
+    "Bhaiksuki": range(72704, 72815 + 1),
+    "Marchen": range(72816, 72895 + 1),
+    "Masaram Gondi": range(72960, 73055 + 1),
+    "Cuneiform": range(73728, 74751 + 1),
+    "Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation": range(74752, 74879 + 1),
+    "Early Dynastic Cuneiform": range(74880, 75087 + 1),
+    "Egyptian Hieroglyphs": range(77824, 78895 + 1),
+    "Anatolian Hieroglyphs": range(82944, 83583 + 1),
+    "Bamum Supplement": range(92160, 92735 + 1),
+    "Mro": range(92736, 92783 + 1),
+    "Bassa Vah": range(92880, 92927 + 1),
+    "Pahawh Hmong": range(92928, 93071 + 1),
+    "Miao": range(93952, 94111 + 1),
+    "Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation": range(94176, 94207 + 1),
+    "Tangut": range(94208, 100351 + 1),
+    "Tangut Components": range(100352, 101119 + 1),
+    "Kana Supplement": range(110592, 110847 + 1),
+    "Kana Extended-A": range(110848, 110895 + 1),
+    "Nushu": range(110960, 111359 + 1),
+    "Duployan": range(113664, 113823 + 1),
+    "Shorthand Format Controls": range(113824, 113839 + 1),
+    "Byzantine Musical Symbols": range(118784, 119039 + 1),
+    "Musical Symbols": range(119040, 119295 + 1),
+    "Ancient Greek Musical Notation": range(119296, 119375 + 1),
+    "Tai Xuan Jing Symbols": range(119552, 119647 + 1),
+    "Counting Rod Numerals": range(119648, 119679 + 1),
+    "Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols": range(119808, 120831 + 1),
+    "Sutton SignWriting": range(120832, 121519 + 1),
+    "Glagolitic Supplement": range(122880, 122927 + 1),
+    "Mende Kikakui": range(124928, 125151 + 1),
+    "Adlam": range(125184, 125279 + 1),
+    "Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols": range(126464, 126719 + 1),
+    "Mahjong Tiles": range(126976, 127023 + 1),
+    "Domino Tiles": range(127024, 127135 + 1),
+    "Playing Cards": range(127136, 127231 + 1),
+    "Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement": range(127232, 127487 + 1),
+    "Enclosed Ideographic Supplement": range(127488, 127743 + 1),
+    "Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs": range(127744, 128511 + 1),
+    "Emoticons range(Emoji)": range(128512, 128591 + 1),
+    "Ornamental Dingbats": range(128592, 128639 + 1),
+    "Transport and Map Symbols": range(128640, 128767 + 1),
+    "Alchemical Symbols": range(128768, 128895 + 1),
+    "Geometric Shapes Extended": range(128896, 129023 + 1),
+    "Supplemental Arrows-C": range(129024, 129279 + 1),
+    "Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs": range(129280, 129535 + 1),
+    "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B": range(131072, 173791 + 1),
+    "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension C": range(173824, 177983 + 1),
+    "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension D": range(177984, 178207 + 1),
+    "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension E": range(178208, 183983 + 1),
+    "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension F": range(183984, 191471 + 1),
+    "CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement": range(194560, 195103 + 1),
+    "Tags": range(917504, 917631 + 1),
+    "Variation Selectors Supplement": range(917760, 917999 + 1),
+}  # type: Dict[str, range]
+
+
+UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD = [
+    "Supplement",
+    "Extended",
+    "Extensions",
+    "Modifier",
+    "Marks",
+    "Punctuation",
+    "Symbols",
+    "Forms",
+    "Operators",
+    "Miscellaneous",
+    "Drawing",
+    "Block",
+    "Shapes",
+    "Supplemental",
+    "Tags",
+]  # type: List[str]
+
+RE_POSSIBLE_ENCODING_INDICATION = re_compile(
+    r"(?:(?:encoding)|(?:charset)|(?:coding))(?:[\:= ]{1,10})(?:[\"\']?)([a-zA-Z0-9\-_]+)(?:[\"\']?)",
+    IGNORECASE,
+)
+
+IANA_SUPPORTED = sorted(
+    filter(
+        lambda x: x.endswith("_codec") is False
+        and x not in {"rot_13", "tactis", "mbcs"},
+        list(set(aliases.values())),
+    )
+)  # type: List[str]
+
+IANA_SUPPORTED_COUNT = len(IANA_SUPPORTED)  # type: int
+
+# pre-computed code page that are similar using the function cp_similarity.
+IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR = {
+    "cp037": ["cp1026", "cp1140", "cp273", "cp500"],
+    "cp1026": ["cp037", "cp1140", "cp273", "cp500"],
+    "cp1125": ["cp866"],
+    "cp1140": ["cp037", "cp1026", "cp273", "cp500"],
+    "cp1250": ["iso8859_2"],
+    "cp1251": ["kz1048", "ptcp154"],
+    "cp1252": ["iso8859_15", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+    "cp1253": ["iso8859_7"],
+    "cp1254": ["iso8859_15", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+    "cp1257": ["iso8859_13"],
+    "cp273": ["cp037", "cp1026", "cp1140", "cp500"],
+    "cp437": ["cp850", "cp858", "cp860", "cp861", "cp862", "cp863", "cp865"],
+    "cp500": ["cp037", "cp1026", "cp1140", "cp273"],
+    "cp850": ["cp437", "cp857", "cp858", "cp865"],
+    "cp857": ["cp850", "cp858", "cp865"],
+    "cp858": ["cp437", "cp850", "cp857", "cp865"],
+    "cp860": ["cp437", "cp861", "cp862", "cp863", "cp865"],
+    "cp861": ["cp437", "cp860", "cp862", "cp863", "cp865"],
+    "cp862": ["cp437", "cp860", "cp861", "cp863", "cp865"],
+    "cp863": ["cp437", "cp860", "cp861", "cp862", "cp865"],
+    "cp865": ["cp437", "cp850", "cp857", "cp858", "cp860", "cp861", "cp862", "cp863"],
+    "cp866": ["cp1125"],
+    "iso8859_10": ["iso8859_14", "iso8859_15", "iso8859_4", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+    "iso8859_11": ["tis_620"],
+    "iso8859_13": ["cp1257"],
+    "iso8859_14": [
+        "iso8859_10",
+        "iso8859_15",
+        "iso8859_16",
+        "iso8859_3",
+        "iso8859_9",
+        "latin_1",
+    ],
+    "iso8859_15": [
+        "cp1252",
+        "cp1254",
+        "iso8859_10",
+        "iso8859_14",
+        "iso8859_16",
+        "iso8859_3",
+        "iso8859_9",
+        "latin_1",
+    ],
+    "iso8859_16": [
+        "iso8859_14",
+        "iso8859_15",
+        "iso8859_2",
+        "iso8859_3",
+        "iso8859_9",
+        "latin_1",
+    ],
+    "iso8859_2": ["cp1250", "iso8859_16", "iso8859_4"],
+    "iso8859_3": ["iso8859_14", "iso8859_15", "iso8859_16", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+    "iso8859_4": ["iso8859_10", "iso8859_2", "iso8859_9", "latin_1"],
+    "iso8859_7": ["cp1253"],
+    "iso8859_9": [
+        "cp1252",
+        "cp1254",
+        "cp1258",
+        "iso8859_10",
+        "iso8859_14",
+        "iso8859_15",
+        "iso8859_16",
+        "iso8859_3",
+        "iso8859_4",
+        "latin_1",
+    ],
+    "kz1048": ["cp1251", "ptcp154"],
+    "latin_1": [
+        "cp1252",
+        "cp1254",
+        "cp1258",
+        "iso8859_10",
+        "iso8859_14",
+        "iso8859_15",
+        "iso8859_16",
+        "iso8859_3",
+        "iso8859_4",
+        "iso8859_9",
+    ],
+    "mac_iceland": ["mac_roman", "mac_turkish"],
+    "mac_roman": ["mac_iceland", "mac_turkish"],
+    "mac_turkish": ["mac_iceland", "mac_roman"],
+    "ptcp154": ["cp1251", "kz1048"],
+    "tis_620": ["iso8859_11"],
+}  # type: Dict[str, List[str]]
+
+
+CHARDET_CORRESPONDENCE = {
+    "iso2022_kr": "ISO-2022-KR",
+    "iso2022_jp": "ISO-2022-JP",
+    "euc_kr": "EUC-KR",
+    "tis_620": "TIS-620",
+    "utf_32": "UTF-32",
+    "euc_jp": "EUC-JP",
+    "koi8_r": "KOI8-R",
+    "iso8859_1": "ISO-8859-1",
+    "iso8859_2": "ISO-8859-2",
+    "iso8859_5": "ISO-8859-5",
+    "iso8859_6": "ISO-8859-6",
+    "iso8859_7": "ISO-8859-7",
+    "iso8859_8": "ISO-8859-8",
+    "utf_16": "UTF-16",
+    "cp855": "IBM855",
+    "mac_cyrillic": "MacCyrillic",
+    "gb2312": "GB2312",
+    "gb18030": "GB18030",
+    "cp932": "CP932",
+    "cp866": "IBM866",
+    "utf_8": "utf-8",
+    "utf_8_sig": "UTF-8-SIG",
+    "shift_jis": "SHIFT_JIS",
+    "big5": "Big5",
+    "cp1250": "windows-1250",
+    "cp1251": "windows-1251",
+    "cp1252": "Windows-1252",
+    "cp1253": "windows-1253",
+    "cp1255": "windows-1255",
+    "cp1256": "windows-1256",
+    "cp1254": "Windows-1254",
+    "cp949": "CP949",
+}  # type: Dict[str, str]
+
+
+COMMON_SAFE_ASCII_CHARACTERS = {
+    "<",
+    ">",
+    "=",
+    ":",
+    "/",
+    "&",
+    ";",
+    "{",
+    "}",
+    "[",
+    "]",
+    ",",
+    "|",
+    '"',
+    "-",
+}  # type: Set[str]
+
+
+KO_NAMES = {"johab", "cp949", "euc_kr"}  # type: Set[str]
+ZH_NAMES = {"big5", "cp950", "big5hkscs", "hz"}  # type: Set[str]
+
+NOT_PRINTABLE_PATTERN = re_compile(r"[0-9\W\n\r\t]+")
+
+LANGUAGE_SUPPORTED_COUNT = len(FREQUENCIES)  # type: int
+
+# Logging LEVEL bellow DEBUG
+TRACE = 5  # type: int
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/legacy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/legacy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cdebe2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/legacy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+import warnings
+from typing import Dict, Optional, Union
+
+from .api import from_bytes, from_fp, from_path, normalize
+from .constant import CHARDET_CORRESPONDENCE
+from .models import CharsetMatch, CharsetMatches
+
+
+def detect(byte_str: bytes) -> Dict[str, Optional[Union[str, float]]]:
+    """
+    chardet legacy method
+    Detect the encoding of the given byte string. It should be mostly backward-compatible.
+    Encoding name will match Chardet own writing whenever possible. (Not on encoding name unsupported by it)
+    This function is deprecated and should be used to migrate your project easily, consult the documentation for
+    further information. Not planned for removal.
+
+    :param byte_str:     The byte sequence to examine.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(byte_str, (bytearray, bytes)):
+        raise TypeError(  # pragma: nocover
+            "Expected object of type bytes or bytearray, got: "
+            "{0}".format(type(byte_str))
+        )
+
+    if isinstance(byte_str, bytearray):
+        byte_str = bytes(byte_str)
+
+    r = from_bytes(byte_str).best()
+
+    encoding = r.encoding if r is not None else None
+    language = r.language if r is not None and r.language != "Unknown" else ""
+    confidence = 1.0 - r.chaos if r is not None else None
+
+    # Note: CharsetNormalizer does not return 'UTF-8-SIG' as the sig get stripped in the detection/normalization process
+    # but chardet does return 'utf-8-sig' and it is a valid codec name.
+    if r is not None and encoding == "utf_8" and r.bom:
+        encoding += "_sig"
+
+    return {
+        "encoding": encoding
+        if encoding not in CHARDET_CORRESPONDENCE
+        else CHARDET_CORRESPONDENCE[encoding],
+        "language": language,
+        "confidence": confidence,
+    }
+
+
+class CharsetNormalizerMatch(CharsetMatch):
+    pass
+
+
+class CharsetNormalizerMatches(CharsetMatches):
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_fp(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        warnings.warn(  # pragma: nocover
+            "staticmethod from_fp, from_bytes, from_path and normalize are deprecated "
+            "and scheduled to be removed in 3.0",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return from_fp(*args, **kwargs)  # pragma: nocover
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_bytes(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        warnings.warn(  # pragma: nocover
+            "staticmethod from_fp, from_bytes, from_path and normalize are deprecated "
+            "and scheduled to be removed in 3.0",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return from_bytes(*args, **kwargs)  # pragma: nocover
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_path(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        warnings.warn(  # pragma: nocover
+            "staticmethod from_fp, from_bytes, from_path and normalize are deprecated "
+            "and scheduled to be removed in 3.0",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return from_path(*args, **kwargs)  # pragma: nocover
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def normalize(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        warnings.warn(  # pragma: nocover
+            "staticmethod from_fp, from_bytes, from_path and normalize are deprecated "
+            "and scheduled to be removed in 3.0",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return normalize(*args, **kwargs)  # pragma: nocover
+
+
+class CharsetDetector(CharsetNormalizerMatches):
+    pass
+
+
+class CharsetDoctor(CharsetNormalizerMatches):
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/md.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/md.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3d6505
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/md.py
@@ -0,0 +1,559 @@
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+from .constant import COMMON_SAFE_ASCII_CHARACTERS, UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD
+from .utils import (
+    is_accentuated,
+    is_ascii,
+    is_case_variable,
+    is_cjk,
+    is_emoticon,
+    is_hangul,
+    is_hiragana,
+    is_katakana,
+    is_latin,
+    is_punctuation,
+    is_separator,
+    is_symbol,
+    is_thai,
+    remove_accent,
+    unicode_range,
+)
+
+
+class MessDetectorPlugin:
+    """
+    Base abstract class used for mess detection plugins.
+    All detectors MUST extend and implement given methods.
+    """
+
+    def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Determine if given character should be fed in.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+        """
+        The main routine to be executed upon character.
+        Insert the logic in witch the text would be considered chaotic.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        """
+        Permit to reset the plugin to the initial state.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    def ratio(self) -> float:
+        """
+        Compute the chaos ratio based on what your feed() has seen.
+        Must NOT be lower than 0.; No restriction gt 0.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError  # pragma: nocover
+
+
+class TooManySymbolOrPunctuationPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._punctuation_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._symbol_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._character_count = 0  # type: int
+
+        self._last_printable_char = None  # type: Optional[str]
+        self._frenzy_symbol_in_word = False  # type: bool
+
+    def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+        return character.isprintable()
+
+    def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+        self._character_count += 1
+
+        if (
+            character != self._last_printable_char
+            and character not in COMMON_SAFE_ASCII_CHARACTERS
+        ):
+            if is_punctuation(character):
+                self._punctuation_count += 1
+            elif (
+                character.isdigit() is False
+                and is_symbol(character)
+                and is_emoticon(character) is False
+            ):
+                self._symbol_count += 2
+
+        self._last_printable_char = character
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        self._punctuation_count = 0
+        self._character_count = 0
+        self._symbol_count = 0
+
+    @property
+    def ratio(self) -> float:
+        if self._character_count == 0:
+            return 0.0
+
+        ratio_of_punctuation = (
+            self._punctuation_count + self._symbol_count
+        ) / self._character_count  # type: float
+
+        return ratio_of_punctuation if ratio_of_punctuation >= 0.3 else 0.0
+
+
+class TooManyAccentuatedPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._character_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._accentuated_count = 0  # type: int
+
+    def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+        return character.isalpha()
+
+    def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+        self._character_count += 1
+
+        if is_accentuated(character):
+            self._accentuated_count += 1
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        self._character_count = 0
+        self._accentuated_count = 0
+
+    @property
+    def ratio(self) -> float:
+        if self._character_count == 0:
+            return 0.0
+        ratio_of_accentuation = (
+            self._accentuated_count / self._character_count
+        )  # type: float
+        return ratio_of_accentuation if ratio_of_accentuation >= 0.35 else 0.0
+
+
+class UnprintablePlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._unprintable_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._character_count = 0  # type: int
+
+    def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+        if (
+            character.isspace() is False  # includes \n \t \r \v
+            and character.isprintable() is False
+            and character != "\x1A"  # Why? Its the ASCII substitute character.
+        ):
+            self._unprintable_count += 1
+        self._character_count += 1
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        self._unprintable_count = 0
+
+    @property
+    def ratio(self) -> float:
+        if self._character_count == 0:
+            return 0.0
+
+        return (self._unprintable_count * 8) / self._character_count
+
+
+class SuspiciousDuplicateAccentPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._successive_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._character_count = 0  # type: int
+
+        self._last_latin_character = None  # type: Optional[str]
+
+    def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+        return character.isalpha() and is_latin(character)
+
+    def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+        self._character_count += 1
+        if (
+            self._last_latin_character is not None
+            and is_accentuated(character)
+            and is_accentuated(self._last_latin_character)
+        ):
+            if character.isupper() and self._last_latin_character.isupper():
+                self._successive_count += 1
+            # Worse if its the same char duplicated with different accent.
+            if remove_accent(character) == remove_accent(self._last_latin_character):
+                self._successive_count += 1
+        self._last_latin_character = character
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        self._successive_count = 0
+        self._character_count = 0
+        self._last_latin_character = None
+
+    @property
+    def ratio(self) -> float:
+        if self._character_count == 0:
+            return 0.0
+
+        return (self._successive_count * 2) / self._character_count
+
+
+class SuspiciousRange(MessDetectorPlugin):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._suspicious_successive_range_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._character_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._last_printable_seen = None  # type: Optional[str]
+
+    def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+        return character.isprintable()
+
+    def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+        self._character_count += 1
+
+        if (
+            character.isspace()
+            or is_punctuation(character)
+            or character in COMMON_SAFE_ASCII_CHARACTERS
+        ):
+            self._last_printable_seen = None
+            return
+
+        if self._last_printable_seen is None:
+            self._last_printable_seen = character
+            return
+
+        unicode_range_a = unicode_range(
+            self._last_printable_seen
+        )  # type: Optional[str]
+        unicode_range_b = unicode_range(character)  # type: Optional[str]
+
+        if is_suspiciously_successive_range(unicode_range_a, unicode_range_b):
+            self._suspicious_successive_range_count += 1
+
+        self._last_printable_seen = character
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        self._character_count = 0
+        self._suspicious_successive_range_count = 0
+        self._last_printable_seen = None
+
+    @property
+    def ratio(self) -> float:
+        if self._character_count == 0:
+            return 0.0
+
+        ratio_of_suspicious_range_usage = (
+            self._suspicious_successive_range_count * 2
+        ) / self._character_count  # type: float
+
+        if ratio_of_suspicious_range_usage < 0.1:
+            return 0.0
+
+        return ratio_of_suspicious_range_usage
+
+
+class SuperWeirdWordPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._word_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._bad_word_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._foreign_long_count = 0  # type: int
+
+        self._is_current_word_bad = False  # type: bool
+        self._foreign_long_watch = False  # type: bool
+
+        self._character_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._bad_character_count = 0  # type: int
+
+        self._buffer = ""  # type: str
+        self._buffer_accent_count = 0  # type: int
+
+    def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+        if character.isalpha():
+            self._buffer = "".join([self._buffer, character])
+            if is_accentuated(character):
+                self._buffer_accent_count += 1
+            if (
+                self._foreign_long_watch is False
+                and (is_latin(character) is False or is_accentuated(character))
+                and is_cjk(character) is False
+                and is_hangul(character) is False
+                and is_katakana(character) is False
+                and is_hiragana(character) is False
+                and is_thai(character) is False
+            ):
+                self._foreign_long_watch = True
+            return
+        if not self._buffer:
+            return
+        if (
+            character.isspace() or is_punctuation(character) or is_separator(character)
+        ) and self._buffer:
+            self._word_count += 1
+            buffer_length = len(self._buffer)  # type: int
+
+            self._character_count += buffer_length
+
+            if buffer_length >= 4:
+                if self._buffer_accent_count / buffer_length > 0.34:
+                    self._is_current_word_bad = True
+                # Word/Buffer ending with a upper case accentuated letter are so rare,
+                # that we will consider them all as suspicious. Same weight as foreign_long suspicious.
+                if is_accentuated(self._buffer[-1]) and self._buffer[-1].isupper():
+                    self._foreign_long_count += 1
+                    self._is_current_word_bad = True
+            if buffer_length >= 24 and self._foreign_long_watch:
+                self._foreign_long_count += 1
+                self._is_current_word_bad = True
+
+            if self._is_current_word_bad:
+                self._bad_word_count += 1
+                self._bad_character_count += len(self._buffer)
+                self._is_current_word_bad = False
+
+            self._foreign_long_watch = False
+            self._buffer = ""
+            self._buffer_accent_count = 0
+        elif (
+            character not in {"<", ">", "-", "=", "~", "|", "_"}
+            and character.isdigit() is False
+            and is_symbol(character)
+        ):
+            self._is_current_word_bad = True
+            self._buffer += character
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        self._buffer = ""
+        self._is_current_word_bad = False
+        self._foreign_long_watch = False
+        self._bad_word_count = 0
+        self._word_count = 0
+        self._character_count = 0
+        self._bad_character_count = 0
+        self._foreign_long_count = 0
+
+    @property
+    def ratio(self) -> float:
+        if self._word_count <= 10 and self._foreign_long_count == 0:
+            return 0.0
+
+        return self._bad_character_count / self._character_count
+
+
+class CjkInvalidStopPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+    """
+    GB(Chinese) based encoding often render the stop incorrectly when the content does not fit and
+    can be easily detected. Searching for the overuse of '丅' and '丄'.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._wrong_stop_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._cjk_character_count = 0  # type: int
+
+    def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+        if character in {"丅", "丄"}:
+            self._wrong_stop_count += 1
+            return
+        if is_cjk(character):
+            self._cjk_character_count += 1
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        self._wrong_stop_count = 0
+        self._cjk_character_count = 0
+
+    @property
+    def ratio(self) -> float:
+        if self._cjk_character_count < 16:
+            return 0.0
+        return self._wrong_stop_count / self._cjk_character_count
+
+
+class ArchaicUpperLowerPlugin(MessDetectorPlugin):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._buf = False  # type: bool
+
+        self._character_count_since_last_sep = 0  # type: int
+
+        self._successive_upper_lower_count = 0  # type: int
+        self._successive_upper_lower_count_final = 0  # type: int
+
+        self._character_count = 0  # type: int
+
+        self._last_alpha_seen = None  # type: Optional[str]
+        self._current_ascii_only = True  # type: bool
+
+    def eligible(self, character: str) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def feed(self, character: str) -> None:
+        is_concerned = character.isalpha() and is_case_variable(character)
+        chunk_sep = is_concerned is False
+
+        if chunk_sep and self._character_count_since_last_sep > 0:
+            if (
+                self._character_count_since_last_sep <= 64
+                and character.isdigit() is False
+                and self._current_ascii_only is False
+            ):
+                self._successive_upper_lower_count_final += (
+                    self._successive_upper_lower_count
+                )
+
+            self._successive_upper_lower_count = 0
+            self._character_count_since_last_sep = 0
+            self._last_alpha_seen = None
+            self._buf = False
+            self._character_count += 1
+            self._current_ascii_only = True
+
+            return
+
+        if self._current_ascii_only is True and is_ascii(character) is False:
+            self._current_ascii_only = False
+
+        if self._last_alpha_seen is not None:
+            if (character.isupper() and self._last_alpha_seen.islower()) or (
+                character.islower() and self._last_alpha_seen.isupper()
+            ):
+                if self._buf is True:
+                    self._successive_upper_lower_count += 2
+                    self._buf = False
+                else:
+                    self._buf = True
+            else:
+                self._buf = False
+
+        self._character_count += 1
+        self._character_count_since_last_sep += 1
+        self._last_alpha_seen = character
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        self._character_count = 0
+        self._character_count_since_last_sep = 0
+        self._successive_upper_lower_count = 0
+        self._successive_upper_lower_count_final = 0
+        self._last_alpha_seen = None
+        self._buf = False
+        self._current_ascii_only = True
+
+    @property
+    def ratio(self) -> float:
+        if self._character_count == 0:
+            return 0.0
+
+        return self._successive_upper_lower_count_final / self._character_count
+
+
+def is_suspiciously_successive_range(
+    unicode_range_a: Optional[str], unicode_range_b: Optional[str]
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Determine if two Unicode range seen next to each other can be considered as suspicious.
+    """
+    if unicode_range_a is None or unicode_range_b is None:
+        return True
+
+    if unicode_range_a == unicode_range_b:
+        return False
+
+    if "Latin" in unicode_range_a and "Latin" in unicode_range_b:
+        return False
+
+    if "Emoticons" in unicode_range_a or "Emoticons" in unicode_range_b:
+        return False
+
+    # Latin characters can be accompanied with a combining diacritical mark
+    # eg. Vietnamese.
+    if ("Latin" in unicode_range_a or "Latin" in unicode_range_b) and (
+        "Combining" in unicode_range_a or "Combining" in unicode_range_b
+    ):
+        return False
+
+    keywords_range_a, keywords_range_b = unicode_range_a.split(
+        " "
+    ), unicode_range_b.split(" ")
+
+    for el in keywords_range_a:
+        if el in UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD:
+            continue
+        if el in keywords_range_b:
+            return False
+
+    # Japanese Exception
+    range_a_jp_chars, range_b_jp_chars = (
+        unicode_range_a
+        in (
+            "Hiragana",
+            "Katakana",
+        ),
+        unicode_range_b in ("Hiragana", "Katakana"),
+    )
+    if (range_a_jp_chars or range_b_jp_chars) and (
+        "CJK" in unicode_range_a or "CJK" in unicode_range_b
+    ):
+        return False
+    if range_a_jp_chars and range_b_jp_chars:
+        return False
+
+    if "Hangul" in unicode_range_a or "Hangul" in unicode_range_b:
+        if "CJK" in unicode_range_a or "CJK" in unicode_range_b:
+            return False
+        if unicode_range_a == "Basic Latin" or unicode_range_b == "Basic Latin":
+            return False
+
+    # Chinese/Japanese use dedicated range for punctuation and/or separators.
+    if ("CJK" in unicode_range_a or "CJK" in unicode_range_b) or (
+        unicode_range_a in ["Katakana", "Hiragana"]
+        and unicode_range_b in ["Katakana", "Hiragana"]
+    ):
+        if "Punctuation" in unicode_range_a or "Punctuation" in unicode_range_b:
+            return False
+        if "Forms" in unicode_range_a or "Forms" in unicode_range_b:
+            return False
+
+    return True
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=2048)
+def mess_ratio(
+    decoded_sequence: str, maximum_threshold: float = 0.2, debug: bool = False
+) -> float:
+    """
+    Compute a mess ratio given a decoded bytes sequence. The maximum threshold does stop the computation earlier.
+    """
+
+    detectors = [
+        md_class() for md_class in MessDetectorPlugin.__subclasses__()
+    ]  # type: List[MessDetectorPlugin]
+
+    length = len(decoded_sequence) + 1  # type: int
+
+    mean_mess_ratio = 0.0  # type: float
+
+    if length < 512:
+        intermediary_mean_mess_ratio_calc = 32  # type: int
+    elif length <= 1024:
+        intermediary_mean_mess_ratio_calc = 64
+    else:
+        intermediary_mean_mess_ratio_calc = 128
+
+    for character, index in zip(decoded_sequence + "\n", range(length)):
+        for detector in detectors:
+            if detector.eligible(character):
+                detector.feed(character)
+
+        if (
+            index > 0 and index % intermediary_mean_mess_ratio_calc == 0
+        ) or index == length - 1:
+            mean_mess_ratio = sum(dt.ratio for dt in detectors)
+
+            if mean_mess_ratio >= maximum_threshold:
+                break
+
+    if debug:
+        for dt in detectors:  # pragma: nocover
+            print(dt.__class__, dt.ratio)
+
+    return round(mean_mess_ratio, 3)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/models.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c38da31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+import warnings
+from collections import Counter
+from encodings.aliases import aliases
+from hashlib import sha256
+from json import dumps
+from re import sub
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterator, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from .constant import NOT_PRINTABLE_PATTERN, TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE
+from .md import mess_ratio
+from .utils import iana_name, is_multi_byte_encoding, unicode_range
+
+
+class CharsetMatch:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        payload: bytes,
+        guessed_encoding: str,
+        mean_mess_ratio: float,
+        has_sig_or_bom: bool,
+        languages: "CoherenceMatches",
+        decoded_payload: Optional[str] = None,
+    ):
+        self._payload = payload  # type: bytes
+
+        self._encoding = guessed_encoding  # type: str
+        self._mean_mess_ratio = mean_mess_ratio  # type: float
+        self._languages = languages  # type: CoherenceMatches
+        self._has_sig_or_bom = has_sig_or_bom  # type: bool
+        self._unicode_ranges = None  # type: Optional[List[str]]
+
+        self._leaves = []  # type: List[CharsetMatch]
+        self._mean_coherence_ratio = 0.0  # type: float
+
+        self._output_payload = None  # type: Optional[bytes]
+        self._output_encoding = None  # type: Optional[str]
+
+        self._string = decoded_payload  # type: Optional[str]
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, CharsetMatch):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "__eq__ cannot be invoked on {} and {}.".format(
+                    str(other.__class__), str(self.__class__)
+                )
+            )
+        return self.encoding == other.encoding and self.fingerprint == other.fingerprint
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        """
+        Implemented to make sorted available upon CharsetMatches items.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(other, CharsetMatch):
+            raise ValueError
+
+        chaos_difference = abs(self.chaos - other.chaos)  # type: float
+        coherence_difference = abs(self.coherence - other.coherence)  # type: float
+
+        # Bellow 1% difference --> Use Coherence
+        if chaos_difference < 0.01 and coherence_difference > 0.02:
+            # When having a tough decision, use the result that decoded as many multi-byte as possible.
+            if chaos_difference == 0.0 and self.coherence == other.coherence:
+                return self.multi_byte_usage > other.multi_byte_usage
+            return self.coherence > other.coherence
+
+        return self.chaos < other.chaos
+
+    @property
+    def multi_byte_usage(self) -> float:
+        return 1.0 - len(str(self)) / len(self.raw)
+
+    @property
+    def chaos_secondary_pass(self) -> float:
+        """
+        Check once again chaos in decoded text, except this time, with full content.
+        Use with caution, this can be very slow.
+        Notice: Will be removed in 3.0
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "chaos_secondary_pass is deprecated and will be removed in 3.0",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return mess_ratio(str(self), 1.0)
+
+    @property
+    def coherence_non_latin(self) -> float:
+        """
+        Coherence ratio on the first non-latin language detected if ANY.
+        Notice: Will be removed in 3.0
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "coherence_non_latin is deprecated and will be removed in 3.0",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return 0.0
+
+    @property
+    def w_counter(self) -> Counter:
+        """
+        Word counter instance on decoded text.
+        Notice: Will be removed in 3.0
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "w_counter is deprecated and will be removed in 3.0", DeprecationWarning
+        )
+
+        string_printable_only = sub(NOT_PRINTABLE_PATTERN, " ", str(self).lower())
+
+        return Counter(string_printable_only.split())
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        # Lazy Str Loading
+        if self._string is None:
+            self._string = str(self._payload, self._encoding, "strict")
+        return self._string
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<CharsetMatch '{}' bytes({})>".format(self.encoding, self.fingerprint)
+
+    def add_submatch(self, other: "CharsetMatch") -> None:
+        if not isinstance(other, CharsetMatch) or other == self:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Unable to add instance <{}> as a submatch of a CharsetMatch".format(
+                    other.__class__
+                )
+            )
+
+        other._string = None  # Unload RAM usage; dirty trick.
+        self._leaves.append(other)
+
+    @property
+    def encoding(self) -> str:
+        return self._encoding
+
+    @property
+    def encoding_aliases(self) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Encoding name are known by many name, using this could help when searching for IBM855 when it's listed as CP855.
+        """
+        also_known_as = []  # type: List[str]
+        for u, p in aliases.items():
+            if self.encoding == u:
+                also_known_as.append(p)
+            elif self.encoding == p:
+                also_known_as.append(u)
+        return also_known_as
+
+    @property
+    def bom(self) -> bool:
+        return self._has_sig_or_bom
+
+    @property
+    def byte_order_mark(self) -> bool:
+        return self._has_sig_or_bom
+
+    @property
+    def languages(self) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Return the complete list of possible languages found in decoded sequence.
+        Usually not really useful. Returned list may be empty even if 'language' property return something != 'Unknown'.
+        """
+        return [e[0] for e in self._languages]
+
+    @property
+    def language(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Most probable language found in decoded sequence. If none were detected or inferred, the property will return
+        "Unknown".
+        """
+        if not self._languages:
+            # Trying to infer the language based on the given encoding
+            # Its either English or we should not pronounce ourselves in certain cases.
+            if "ascii" in self.could_be_from_charset:
+                return "English"
+
+            # doing it there to avoid circular import
+            from charset_normalizer.cd import encoding_languages, mb_encoding_languages
+
+            languages = (
+                mb_encoding_languages(self.encoding)
+                if is_multi_byte_encoding(self.encoding)
+                else encoding_languages(self.encoding)
+            )
+
+            if len(languages) == 0 or "Latin Based" in languages:
+                return "Unknown"
+
+            return languages[0]
+
+        return self._languages[0][0]
+
+    @property
+    def chaos(self) -> float:
+        return self._mean_mess_ratio
+
+    @property
+    def coherence(self) -> float:
+        if not self._languages:
+            return 0.0
+        return self._languages[0][1]
+
+    @property
+    def percent_chaos(self) -> float:
+        return round(self.chaos * 100, ndigits=3)
+
+    @property
+    def percent_coherence(self) -> float:
+        return round(self.coherence * 100, ndigits=3)
+
+    @property
+    def raw(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Original untouched bytes.
+        """
+        return self._payload
+
+    @property
+    def submatch(self) -> List["CharsetMatch"]:
+        return self._leaves
+
+    @property
+    def has_submatch(self) -> bool:
+        return len(self._leaves) > 0
+
+    @property
+    def alphabets(self) -> List[str]:
+        if self._unicode_ranges is not None:
+            return self._unicode_ranges
+        # list detected ranges
+        detected_ranges = [
+            unicode_range(char) for char in str(self)
+        ]  # type: List[Optional[str]]
+        # filter and sort
+        self._unicode_ranges = sorted(list({r for r in detected_ranges if r}))
+        return self._unicode_ranges
+
+    @property
+    def could_be_from_charset(self) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        The complete list of encoding that output the exact SAME str result and therefore could be the originating
+        encoding.
+        This list does include the encoding available in property 'encoding'.
+        """
+        return [self._encoding] + [m.encoding for m in self._leaves]
+
+    def first(self) -> "CharsetMatch":
+        """
+        Kept for BC reasons. Will be removed in 3.0.
+        """
+        return self
+
+    def best(self) -> "CharsetMatch":
+        """
+        Kept for BC reasons. Will be removed in 3.0.
+        """
+        return self
+
+    def output(self, encoding: str = "utf_8") -> bytes:
+        """
+        Method to get re-encoded bytes payload using given target encoding. Default to UTF-8.
+        Any errors will be simply ignored by the encoder NOT replaced.
+        """
+        if self._output_encoding is None or self._output_encoding != encoding:
+            self._output_encoding = encoding
+            self._output_payload = str(self).encode(encoding, "replace")
+
+        return self._output_payload  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def fingerprint(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Retrieve the unique SHA256 computed using the transformed (re-encoded) payload. Not the original one.
+        """
+        return sha256(self.output()).hexdigest()
+
+
+class CharsetMatches:
+    """
+    Container with every CharsetMatch items ordered by default from most probable to the less one.
+    Act like a list(iterable) but does not implements all related methods.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, results: List[CharsetMatch] = None):
+        self._results = sorted(results) if results else []  # type: List[CharsetMatch]
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[CharsetMatch]:
+        yield from self._results
+
+    def __getitem__(self, item: Union[int, str]) -> CharsetMatch:
+        """
+        Retrieve a single item either by its position or encoding name (alias may be used here).
+        Raise KeyError upon invalid index or encoding not present in results.
+        """
+        if isinstance(item, int):
+            return self._results[item]
+        if isinstance(item, str):
+            item = iana_name(item, False)
+            for result in self._results:
+                if item in result.could_be_from_charset:
+                    return result
+        raise KeyError
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._results)
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return len(self._results) > 0
+
+    def append(self, item: CharsetMatch) -> None:
+        """
+        Insert a single match. Will be inserted accordingly to preserve sort.
+        Can be inserted as a submatch.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(item, CharsetMatch):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Cannot append instance '{}' to CharsetMatches".format(
+                    str(item.__class__)
+                )
+            )
+        # We should disable the submatch factoring when the input file is too heavy (conserve RAM usage)
+        if len(item.raw) <= TOO_BIG_SEQUENCE:
+            for match in self._results:
+                if match.fingerprint == item.fingerprint and match.chaos == item.chaos:
+                    match.add_submatch(item)
+                    return
+        self._results.append(item)
+        self._results = sorted(self._results)
+
+    def best(self) -> Optional["CharsetMatch"]:
+        """
+        Simply return the first match. Strict equivalent to matches[0].
+        """
+        if not self._results:
+            return None
+        return self._results[0]
+
+    def first(self) -> Optional["CharsetMatch"]:
+        """
+        Redundant method, call the method best(). Kept for BC reasons.
+        """
+        return self.best()
+
+
+CoherenceMatch = Tuple[str, float]
+CoherenceMatches = List[CoherenceMatch]
+
+
+class CliDetectionResult:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        encoding: Optional[str],
+        encoding_aliases: List[str],
+        alternative_encodings: List[str],
+        language: str,
+        alphabets: List[str],
+        has_sig_or_bom: bool,
+        chaos: float,
+        coherence: float,
+        unicode_path: Optional[str],
+        is_preferred: bool,
+    ):
+        self.path = path  # type: str
+        self.unicode_path = unicode_path  # type: Optional[str]
+        self.encoding = encoding  # type: Optional[str]
+        self.encoding_aliases = encoding_aliases  # type: List[str]
+        self.alternative_encodings = alternative_encodings  # type: List[str]
+        self.language = language  # type: str
+        self.alphabets = alphabets  # type: List[str]
+        self.has_sig_or_bom = has_sig_or_bom  # type: bool
+        self.chaos = chaos  # type: float
+        self.coherence = coherence  # type: float
+        self.is_preferred = is_preferred  # type: bool
+
+    @property
+    def __dict__(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:  # type: ignore
+        return {
+            "path": self.path,
+            "encoding": self.encoding,
+            "encoding_aliases": self.encoding_aliases,
+            "alternative_encodings": self.alternative_encodings,
+            "language": self.language,
+            "alphabets": self.alphabets,
+            "has_sig_or_bom": self.has_sig_or_bom,
+            "chaos": self.chaos,
+            "coherence": self.coherence,
+            "unicode_path": self.unicode_path,
+            "is_preferred": self.is_preferred,
+        }
+
+    def to_json(self) -> str:
+        return dumps(self.__dict__, ensure_ascii=True, indent=4)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcb14df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+try:
+    import unicodedata2 as unicodedata
+except ImportError:
+    import unicodedata  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+
+import importlib
+import logging
+from codecs import IncrementalDecoder
+from encodings.aliases import aliases
+from functools import lru_cache
+from re import findall
+from typing import List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
+
+from _multibytecodec import MultibyteIncrementalDecoder  # type: ignore
+
+from .constant import (
+    ENCODING_MARKS,
+    IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR,
+    RE_POSSIBLE_ENCODING_INDICATION,
+    UNICODE_RANGES_COMBINED,
+    UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD,
+    UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION,
+)
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_accentuated(character: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        description = unicodedata.name(character)  # type: str
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+    return (
+        "WITH GRAVE" in description
+        or "WITH ACUTE" in description
+        or "WITH CEDILLA" in description
+        or "WITH DIAERESIS" in description
+        or "WITH CIRCUMFLEX" in description
+        or "WITH TILDE" in description
+    )
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def remove_accent(character: str) -> str:
+    decomposed = unicodedata.decomposition(character)  # type: str
+    if not decomposed:
+        return character
+
+    codes = decomposed.split(" ")  # type: List[str]
+
+    return chr(int(codes[0], 16))
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def unicode_range(character: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Retrieve the Unicode range official name from a single character.
+    """
+    character_ord = ord(character)  # type: int
+
+    for range_name, ord_range in UNICODE_RANGES_COMBINED.items():
+        if character_ord in ord_range:
+            return range_name
+
+    return None
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_latin(character: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        description = unicodedata.name(character)  # type: str
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+    return "LATIN" in description
+
+
+def is_ascii(character: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        character.encode("ascii")
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_punctuation(character: str) -> bool:
+    character_category = unicodedata.category(character)  # type: str
+
+    if "P" in character_category:
+        return True
+
+    character_range = unicode_range(character)  # type: Optional[str]
+
+    if character_range is None:
+        return False
+
+    return "Punctuation" in character_range
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_symbol(character: str) -> bool:
+    character_category = unicodedata.category(character)  # type: str
+
+    if "S" in character_category or "N" in character_category:
+        return True
+
+    character_range = unicode_range(character)  # type: Optional[str]
+
+    if character_range is None:
+        return False
+
+    return "Forms" in character_range
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_emoticon(character: str) -> bool:
+    character_range = unicode_range(character)  # type: Optional[str]
+
+    if character_range is None:
+        return False
+
+    return "Emoticons" in character_range
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_separator(character: str) -> bool:
+    if character.isspace() or character in {"｜", "+", ",", ";", "<", ">"}:
+        return True
+
+    character_category = unicodedata.category(character)  # type: str
+
+    return "Z" in character_category
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_case_variable(character: str) -> bool:
+    return character.islower() != character.isupper()
+
+
+def is_private_use_only(character: str) -> bool:
+    character_category = unicodedata.category(character)  # type: str
+
+    return character_category == "Co"
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_cjk(character: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+
+    return "CJK" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_hiragana(character: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+
+    return "HIRAGANA" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_katakana(character: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+
+    return "KATAKANA" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_hangul(character: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+
+    return "HANGUL" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=UTF8_MAXIMAL_ALLOCATION)
+def is_thai(character: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        character_name = unicodedata.name(character)
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+
+    return "THAI" in character_name
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=len(UNICODE_RANGES_COMBINED))
+def is_unicode_range_secondary(range_name: str) -> bool:
+    return any(keyword in range_name for keyword in UNICODE_SECONDARY_RANGE_KEYWORD)
+
+
+def any_specified_encoding(sequence: bytes, search_zone: int = 4096) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Extract using ASCII-only decoder any specified encoding in the first n-bytes.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(sequence, bytes):
+        raise TypeError
+
+    seq_len = len(sequence)  # type: int
+
+    results = findall(
+        RE_POSSIBLE_ENCODING_INDICATION,
+        sequence[: min(seq_len, search_zone)].decode("ascii", errors="ignore"),
+    )  # type: List[str]
+
+    if len(results) == 0:
+        return None
+
+    for specified_encoding in results:
+        specified_encoding = specified_encoding.lower().replace("-", "_")
+
+        for encoding_alias, encoding_iana in aliases.items():
+            if encoding_alias == specified_encoding:
+                return encoding_iana
+            if encoding_iana == specified_encoding:
+                return encoding_iana
+
+    return None
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=128)
+def is_multi_byte_encoding(name: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    Verify is a specific encoding is a multi byte one based on it IANA name
+    """
+    return name in {
+        "utf_8",
+        "utf_8_sig",
+        "utf_16",
+        "utf_16_be",
+        "utf_16_le",
+        "utf_32",
+        "utf_32_le",
+        "utf_32_be",
+        "utf_7",
+    } or issubclass(
+        importlib.import_module("encodings.{}".format(name)).IncrementalDecoder,  # type: ignore
+        MultibyteIncrementalDecoder,
+    )
+
+
+def identify_sig_or_bom(sequence: bytes) -> Tuple[Optional[str], bytes]:
+    """
+    Identify and extract SIG/BOM in given sequence.
+    """
+
+    for iana_encoding in ENCODING_MARKS:
+        marks = ENCODING_MARKS[iana_encoding]  # type: Union[bytes, List[bytes]]
+
+        if isinstance(marks, bytes):
+            marks = [marks]
+
+        for mark in marks:
+            if sequence.startswith(mark):
+                return iana_encoding, mark
+
+    return None, b""
+
+
+def should_strip_sig_or_bom(iana_encoding: str) -> bool:
+    return iana_encoding not in {"utf_16", "utf_32"}
+
+
+def iana_name(cp_name: str, strict: bool = True) -> str:
+    cp_name = cp_name.lower().replace("-", "_")
+
+    for encoding_alias, encoding_iana in aliases.items():
+        if cp_name in [encoding_alias, encoding_iana]:
+            return encoding_iana
+
+    if strict:
+        raise ValueError("Unable to retrieve IANA for '{}'".format(cp_name))
+
+    return cp_name
+
+
+def range_scan(decoded_sequence: str) -> List[str]:
+    ranges = set()  # type: Set[str]
+
+    for character in decoded_sequence:
+        character_range = unicode_range(character)  # type: Optional[str]
+
+        if character_range is None:
+            continue
+
+        ranges.add(character_range)
+
+    return list(ranges)
+
+
+def cp_similarity(iana_name_a: str, iana_name_b: str) -> float:
+
+    if is_multi_byte_encoding(iana_name_a) or is_multi_byte_encoding(iana_name_b):
+        return 0.0
+
+    decoder_a = importlib.import_module("encodings.{}".format(iana_name_a)).IncrementalDecoder  # type: ignore
+    decoder_b = importlib.import_module("encodings.{}".format(iana_name_b)).IncrementalDecoder  # type: ignore
+
+    id_a = decoder_a(errors="ignore")  # type: IncrementalDecoder
+    id_b = decoder_b(errors="ignore")  # type: IncrementalDecoder
+
+    character_match_count = 0  # type: int
+
+    for i in range(255):
+        to_be_decoded = bytes([i])  # type: bytes
+        if id_a.decode(to_be_decoded) == id_b.decode(to_be_decoded):
+            character_match_count += 1
+
+    return character_match_count / 254
+
+
+def is_cp_similar(iana_name_a: str, iana_name_b: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    Determine if two code page are at least 80% similar. IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR dict was generated using
+    the function cp_similarity.
+    """
+    return (
+        iana_name_a in IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR
+        and iana_name_b in IANA_SUPPORTED_SIMILAR[iana_name_a]
+    )
+
+
+def set_logging_handler(
+    name: str = "charset_normalizer",
+    level: int = logging.INFO,
+    format_string: str = "%(asctime)s | %(levelname)s | %(message)s",
+) -> None:
+
+    logger = logging.getLogger(name)
+    logger.setLevel(level)
+
+    handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+    handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(format_string))
+    logger.addHandler(handler)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77cfff2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/charset_normalizer/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""
+Expose version
+"""
+
+__version__ = "2.0.12"
+VERSION = __version__.split(".")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f053641
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Copyright (C) 2006-2020
+    Arkadiusz Bulski (arek.bulski@gmail.com)
+    Tomer Filiba (tomerfiliba@gmail.com)
+    Corbin Simpson (MostAwesomeDude@gmail.com)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9745422
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: construct
+Version: 2.10.67
+Summary: A powerful declarative symmetric parser/builder for binary data
+Home-page: http://construct.readthedocs.org
+Author: Arkadiusz Bulski, Tomer Filiba, Corbin Simpson
+Author-email: arek.bulski@gmail.com, tomerfiliba@gmail.com, MostAwesomeDude@gmail.com
+License: MIT
+Keywords: construct,kaitai,declarative,data structure,struct,binary,symmetric,parser,builder,parsing,building,pack,unpack,packer,unpacker
+Platform: POSIX
+Platform: Windows
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Build Tools
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Code Generators
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+License-File: LICENSE
+Provides-Extra: extras
+Requires-Dist: enum34 ; extra == 'extras'
+Requires-Dist: numpy ; extra == 'extras'
+Requires-Dist: arrow ; extra == 'extras'
+Requires-Dist: ruamel.yaml ; extra == 'extras'
+Requires-Dist: cloudpickle ; extra == 'extras'
+Requires-Dist: lz4 ; extra == 'extras'
+
+Construct 2.10
+===================
+
+Construct is a powerful **declarative** and **symmetrical** parser and builder for binary data.
+
+Instead of writing *imperative code* to parse a piece of data, you declaratively define a *data structure* that describes your data. As this data structure is not code, you can use it in one direction to *parse* data into Pythonic objects, and in the other direction, to *build* objects into binary data.
+
+The library provides both simple, atomic constructs (such as integers of various sizes), as well as composite ones which allow you form hierarchical and sequential structures of increasing complexity. Construct features **bit and byte granularity**, easy debugging and testing, an **easy-to-extend subclass system**, and lots of primitive constructs to make your work easier:
+
+* Fields: raw bytes or numerical types
+* Structs and Sequences: combine simpler constructs into more complex ones
+* Bitwise: splitting bytes into bit-grained fields
+* Adapters: change how data is represented
+* Arrays/Ranges: duplicate constructs
+* Meta-constructs: use the context (history) to compute the size of data
+* If/Switch: branch the computational path based on the context
+* On-demand (lazy) parsing: read and parse only what you require
+* Pointers: jump from here to there in the data stream
+* Tunneling: prefix data with a byte count or compress it
+
+
+Example
+---------
+
+A ``Struct`` is a collection of ordered, named fields::
+
+    >>> format = Struct(
+    ...     "signature" / Const(b"BMP"),
+    ...     "width" / Int8ub,
+    ...     "height" / Int8ub,
+    ...     "pixels" / Array(this.width * this.height, Byte),
+    ... )
+    >>> format.build(dict(width=3,height=2,pixels=[7,8,9,11,12,13]))
+    b'BMP\x03\x02\x07\x08\t\x0b\x0c\r'
+    >>> format.parse(b'BMP\x03\x02\x07\x08\t\x0b\x0c\r')
+    Container(signature=b'BMP')(width=3)(height=2)(pixels=[7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13])
+
+A ``Sequence`` is a collection of ordered fields, and differs from ``Array`` and ``GreedyRange`` in that those two are homogenous::
+
+    >>> format = Sequence(PascalString(Byte, "utf8"), GreedyRange(Byte))
+    >>> format.build([u"lalaland", [255,1,2]])
+    b'\nlalaland\xff\x01\x02'
+    >>> format.parse(b"\x004361789432197")
+    ['', [52, 51, 54, 49, 55, 56, 57, 52, 51, 50, 49, 57, 55]]
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d066730
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+construct-2.10.67.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+construct-2.10.67.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=FVLXCs_Q0_5GTOE9MBE93G_kusIeUiEqzJhQnjzBqPQ,1181
+construct-2.10.67.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=bS1cDPaKSHRSO8a9O17NCS7juohWZbMBIH2xO1HppnE,3847
+construct-2.10.67.dist-info/RECORD,,
+construct-2.10.67.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=G16H4A3IeoQmnOrYV4ueZGKSjhipXx8zc8nu9FGlvMA,92
+construct-2.10.67.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=U6RMh-ZeTF_f_3gvWEebpB1sa2OgGwKtNgCYmud_eyo,10
+construct/__init__.py,sha256=djKxTqHClhMIZ3nu1dau9_uAXjULB3WPj7wEPQDCio8,4260
+construct/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/__pycache__/core.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/__pycache__/debug.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/__pycache__/expr.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/__pycache__/version.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/core.py,sha256=zUwDPLHMkA-H3ykWmKcWYnFhJ3Y3N2wQNg6c8vTSagA,241111
+construct/debug.py,sha256=mEuhe0AiIEtinU6Ji5vPgZQOgFZDi7RbsbH1TceqGcg,5561
+construct/expr.py,sha256=aFryazbrfOr7cfSMuhbQ7rZuDDkHjd1jZyLyCg_UABM,7439
+construct/lib/__init__.py,sha256=KGbZEE-eY722Xs6H_vQwgFwmo4-UqvoB3NjXPF02wA4,1116
+construct/lib/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/lib/__pycache__/binary.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/lib/__pycache__/bitstream.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/lib/__pycache__/containers.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/lib/__pycache__/hex.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/lib/__pycache__/py3compat.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct/lib/binary.py,sha256=WnEUm2deHovyAi6f6b_E2wBkM98EbJH6SFku3v4B8IM,4388
+construct/lib/bitstream.py,sha256=skmGamgfxczqBU1X0vcXv3GAe1eGd9ksRVgjoffjnF8,5007
+construct/lib/containers.py,sha256=6XixGhw651lbnm0kUrrF_OtkN524TUcoo8q0YS6oh6U,9896
+construct/lib/hex.py,sha256=wSJYwV00Zk_a_Q0tOLHvXU3K7c57zhGffPq3mh0wOfI,3174
+construct/lib/py3compat.py,sha256=T8YjYDnfHliTg10PKJ7qztJa0DudCdHods6y5H-tr40,1523
+construct/version.py,sha256=bSWQqTDO2NR8WxYZNgMNJotezKV4dVWRqxA4B5KvFaM,75
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..becc9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ed9413
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-2.10.67.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+construct
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/__init__.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/__init__.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..858384d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/__init__.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+from construct.core import *
+from construct.debug import *
+from construct.expr import *
+from construct.lib import *
+from construct.version import *
+
+#===============================================================================
+# exposed names
+#===============================================================================
+__all__ = [
+    '__author__',
+    '__version__',
+    'abs_',
+    'AdaptationError',
+    'Adapter',
+    'Aligned',
+    'AlignedStruct',
+    'Array',
+    'Bit',
+    'BitsInteger',
+    'BitsSwapped',
+    'BitStruct',
+    'BitwisableString',
+    'Bitwise',
+    'Byte',
+    'Bytes',
+    'BytesInteger',
+    'ByteSwapped',
+    'Bytewise',
+    'CancelParsing',
+    'Check',
+    'CheckError',
+    'Checksum',
+    'ChecksumError',
+    'Compiled',
+    'Compressed',
+    'CompressedLZ4',
+    'Computed',
+    'Const',
+    'ConstError',
+    'Construct',
+    'ConstructError',
+    'Container',
+    'CString',
+    'Debugger',
+    'Default',
+    'Double',
+    'Enum',
+    'EnumInteger',
+    'EnumIntegerString',
+    'Error',
+    'ExplicitError',
+    'ExprAdapter',
+    'ExprSymmetricAdapter',
+    'ExprValidator',
+    'Filter',
+    'FixedSized',
+    'Flag',
+    'FlagsEnum',
+    "Float16b",
+    "Float16l",
+    "Float16n",
+    "Float32b",
+    "Float32l",
+    "Float32n",
+    "Float64b",
+    "Float64l",
+    "Float64n",
+    'FocusedSeq',
+    'FormatField',
+    'FormatFieldError',
+    'FuncPath',
+    'globalPrintFalseFlags',
+    'globalPrintFullStrings',
+    'GreedyBytes',
+    'GreedyRange',
+    'GreedyString',
+    'Half',
+    'Hex',
+    'HexDump',
+    'If',
+    'IfThenElse',
+    'Index',
+    'IndexFieldError',
+    'Indexing',
+    'Int',
+    "Int8sb",
+    "Int8sl",
+    "Int8sn",
+    "Int8ub",
+    "Int8ul",
+    "Int8un",
+    "Int16sb",
+    "Int16sl",
+    "Int16sn",
+    "Int16ub",
+    "Int16ul",
+    "Int16un",
+    "Int24sb",
+    "Int24sl",
+    "Int24sn",
+    "Int24ub",
+    "Int24ul",
+    "Int24un",
+    "Int32sb",
+    "Int32sl",
+    "Int32sn",
+    "Int32ub",
+    "Int32ul",
+    "Int32un",
+    "Int64sb",
+    "Int64sl",
+    "Int64sn",
+    "Int64ub",
+    "Int64ul",
+    "Int64un",
+    'IntegerError',
+    'Lazy',
+    'LazyArray',
+    'LazyBound',
+    'LazyContainer',
+    'LazyListContainer',
+    'LazyStruct',
+    'len_',
+    'lib',
+    'list_',
+    'ListContainer',
+    'Long',
+    'Mapping',
+    'MappingError',
+    'max_',
+    'min_',
+    'NamedTuple',
+    'NamedTupleError',
+    'Nibble',
+    'NoneOf',
+    'NullStripped',
+    'NullTerminated',
+    'Numpy',
+    'obj_',
+    'Octet',
+    'OneOf',
+    'Optional',
+    'Padded',
+    'PaddedString',
+    'Padding',
+    'PaddingError',
+    'PascalString',
+    'Pass',
+    'Path',
+    'Path2',
+    'Peek',
+    'Pickled',
+    'Pointer',
+    'possiblestringencodings',
+    'Prefixed',
+    'PrefixedArray',
+    'Probe',
+    'ProcessRotateLeft',
+    'ProcessXor',
+    'RangeError',
+    'RawCopy',
+    'Rebuffered',
+    'RebufferedBytesIO',
+    'Rebuild',
+    'release_date',
+    'Renamed',
+    'RepeatError',
+    'RepeatUntil',
+    'RestreamData',
+    'Restreamed',
+    'RestreamedBytesIO',
+    'RotationError',
+    'Seek',
+    'Select',
+    'SelectError',
+    'Sequence',
+    'setGlobalPrintFalseFlags',
+    'setGlobalPrintFullStrings',
+    'setGlobalPrintPrivateEntries',
+    'Short',
+    'Single',
+    'SizeofError',
+    'Slicing',
+    'StopFieldError',
+    'StopIf',
+    'stream_iseof',
+    'stream_read',
+    'stream_read_entire',
+    'stream_seek',
+    'stream_size',
+    'stream_tell',
+    'stream_write',
+    'StreamError',
+    'StringEncoded',
+    'StringError',
+    'Struct',
+    'Subconstruct',
+    'sum_',
+    'Switch',
+    'SwitchError',
+    'SymmetricAdapter',
+    'Tell',
+    'Terminated',
+    'TerminatedError',
+    'this',
+    'Timestamp',
+    'TimestampAdapter',
+    'TimestampError',
+    'Transformed',
+    'Tunnel',
+    'Union',
+    'UnionError',
+    'ValidationError',
+    'Validator',
+    'VarInt',
+    'version',
+    'version_string',
+    'ZigZag',
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/core.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/core.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73a1f88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/core.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,1199 @@
+import enum
+import io
+import sys
+import typing as t
+
+import arrow
+from construct.lib import (
+    Container,
+    ContainerType,
+    HexDisplayedBytes,
+    HexDisplayedDict,
+    HexDisplayedInteger,
+    HexDumpDisplayedBytes,
+    HexDumpDisplayedDict,
+    ListContainer,
+    ListType,
+    RebufferedBytesIO,
+)
+
+# unfortunately, there are a few duplications with "typing", e.g. Union and Optional, which is why the t. prefix must be used everywhere
+
+# Some of the Constructs can be optimised when the following typing optimisations are available:
+#   - Variadic Generics: https://mail.python.org/archives/list/typing-sig@python.org/thread/SQVTQYWIOI4TIO7NNBTFFWFMSMS2TA4J/
+#   - Higher Kinded Types: https://github.com/python/typing/issues/548
+#   - Higher Kinded Types: https://sobolevn.me/2020/10/higher-kinded-types-in-python
+
+StreamType = t.BinaryIO
+PathType = str
+ContextKWType = t.Any
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# exceptions
+# ===============================================================================
+class ConstructError(Exception):
+    path: t.Optional[PathType]
+    def __init__(
+        self, message: str = ..., path: t.Optional[PathType] = ...
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class SizeofError(ConstructError): ...
+class AdaptationError(ConstructError): ...
+class ValidationError(ConstructError): ...
+class StreamError(ConstructError): ...
+class FormatFieldError(ConstructError): ...
+class IntegerError(ConstructError): ...
+class StringError(ConstructError): ...
+class MappingError(ConstructError): ...
+class RangeError(ConstructError): ...
+class RepeatError(ConstructError): ...
+class ConstError(ConstructError): ...
+class IndexFieldError(ConstructError): ...
+class CheckError(ConstructError): ...
+class ExplicitError(ConstructError): ...
+class NamedTupleError(ConstructError): ...
+class TimestampError(ConstructError): ...
+class UnionError(ConstructError): ...
+class SelectError(ConstructError): ...
+class SwitchError(ConstructError): ...
+class StopFieldError(ConstructError): ...
+class PaddingError(ConstructError): ...
+class TerminatedError(ConstructError): ...
+class RawCopyError(ConstructError): ...
+class RotationError(ConstructError): ...
+class ChecksumError(ConstructError): ...
+class CancelParsing(ConstructError): ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# used internally
+# ===============================================================================
+def stream_read(
+    stream: t.BinaryIO, length: int, path: t.Optional[PathType]
+) -> bytes: ...
+def stream_read_entire(stream: t.BinaryIO, path: t.Optional[PathType]) -> bytes: ...
+def stream_write(
+    stream: t.BinaryIO, data: bytes, length: int, path: t.Optional[PathType]
+) -> None: ...
+def stream_seek(
+    stream: t.BinaryIO, offset: int, whence: int, path: t.Optional[PathType]
+) -> int: ...
+def stream_tell(stream: t.BinaryIO, path: t.Optional[PathType]) -> int: ...
+def stream_size(stream: t.BinaryIO) -> int: ...
+def stream_iseof(stream: t.BinaryIO) -> bool: ...
+def evaluate(param: ConstantOrContextLambda2[T], context: Context) -> T: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# abstract constructs
+# ===============================================================================
+ParsedType = t.TypeVar("ParsedType", covariant=True)
+BuildTypes = t.TypeVar("BuildTypes", contravariant=True)
+
+class Construct(t.Generic[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    name: t.Optional[str]
+    docs: str
+    flagbuildnone: bool
+    parsed: t.Optional[t.Callable[[ParsedType, Context], None]]
+    def parse(self, data: bytes, **contextkw: ContextKWType) -> ParsedType: ...
+    def parse_stream(
+        self, stream: StreamType, **contextkw: ContextKWType
+    ) -> ParsedType: ...
+    def parse_file(self, filename: str, **contextkw: ContextKWType) -> ParsedType: ...
+    def build(self, obj: BuildTypes, **contextkw: ContextKWType) -> bytes: ...
+    def build_stream(
+        self, obj: BuildTypes, stream: StreamType, **contextkw: ContextKWType
+    ) -> bytes: ...
+    def build_file(
+        self, obj: BuildTypes, filename: str, **contextkw: ContextKWType
+    ) -> bytes: ...
+    def sizeof(self, **contextkw: ContextKWType) -> int: ...
+    def compile(self, filename: str = ...) -> Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]: ...
+    def benchmark(self, sampledata: bytes, filename: str = ...) -> str: ...
+    def export_ksy(self, schemaname: str = ..., filename: str = ...) -> str: ...
+    def __rtruediv__(
+        self, name: t.Optional[t.AnyStr]
+    ) -> Renamed[ParsedType, BuildTypes]: ...
+    __rdiv__: t.Callable[[str], Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]]
+    def __mul__(
+        self,
+        other: t.Union[str, bytes, t.Callable[[ParsedType, Context], None]],
+    ) -> Renamed[ParsedType, BuildTypes]: ...
+    def __rmul__(
+        self,
+        other: t.Union[str, bytes, t.Callable[[ParsedType, Context], None]],
+    ) -> Renamed[ParsedType, BuildTypes]: ...
+    def __add__(
+        self, other: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+    ) -> Struct[Container[t.Any], t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]]]: ...
+    def __rshift__(
+        self, other: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+    ) -> Sequence[ListContainer[t.Any], t.Optional[t.List[t.Any]]]: ...
+    def __getitem__(
+        self, count: t.Union[int, t.Callable[[Context], int]]
+    ) -> Array[
+        ParsedType,
+        BuildTypes,
+        ListContainer[ParsedType],
+        t.List[BuildTypes],
+    ]: ...
+
+@t.type_check_only
+class Context(Container[t.Any]):
+    _: Context  # optional field
+    _params: Context  # optional field
+    _root: Context  # optional field
+    _parsing: bool
+    _building: bool
+    _sizing: bool
+    _subcons: Container[Construct[t.Any, t.Any]]
+    _io: StreamType  # optional field
+    _index: int  # optional field
+
+ValueType = t.TypeVar("ValueType")
+ConstantOrContextLambda = t.Union[ValueType, t.Callable[[Context], t.Any]]
+ConstantOrContextLambda2 = t.Union[ValueType, t.Callable[[Context], ValueType]]
+
+SubconParsedType = t.TypeVar("SubconParsedType", covariant=True)
+SubconBuildTypes = t.TypeVar("SubconBuildTypes", contravariant=True)
+
+class Subconstruct(
+    t.Generic[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes],
+    Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes],
+):
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+    ) -> Subconstruct[
+        SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes
+    ]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]: ...
+
+class Adapter(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes],
+):
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+    ) -> Adapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]: ...
+    def _decode(
+        self, obj: SubconBuildTypes, context: Context, path: PathType
+    ) -> ParsedType: ...
+    def _encode(
+        self, obj: BuildTypes, context: Context, path: PathType
+    ) -> SubconBuildTypes: ...
+
+class SymmetricAdapter(
+    Adapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]
+): ...
+
+class Validator(
+    SymmetricAdapter[
+        SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes
+    ]
+):
+    def _validate(
+        self, obj: SubconBuildTypes, context: Context, path: PathType
+    ) -> bool: ...
+
+class Tunnel(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    def _decode(self, data: bytes, context: Context, path: PathType) -> bytes: ...
+    def _encode(self, data: bytes, context: Context, path: PathType) -> bytes: ...
+
+# TODO: Compiled
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# bytes and bits
+# ===============================================================================
+class Bytes(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    def __new__(
+        cls, length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    ) -> Bytes[bytes, t.Union[bytes, int]]: ...
+
+GreedyBytes: Construct[bytes, bytes]
+
+def Bitwise(
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+) -> t.Union[
+    Transformed[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    Restreamed[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+]: ...
+def Bytewise(
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+) -> t.Union[
+    Transformed[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    Restreamed[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+]: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# integers and floats
+# ===============================================================================
+class FormatField(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    fmtstr: str
+    length: int
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+        ENDIANITY = t.Union[t.Literal["=", "<", ">"], str]
+        FORMAT_INT = t.Literal["B", "H", "L", "Q", "b", "h", "l", "q"]
+        FORMAT_FLOAT = t.Literal["f", "d", "e"]
+        FORMAT_BOOL = t.Literal["?"]
+        @t.overload
+        def __new__(
+            cls, endianity: str, format: FORMAT_INT
+        ) -> FormatField[int, int]: ...
+        @t.overload
+        def __new__(
+            cls, endianity: str, format: FORMAT_FLOAT
+        ) -> FormatField[float, float]: ...
+        @t.overload
+        def __new__(
+            cls, endianity: str, format: FORMAT_BOOL
+        ) -> FormatField[bool, bool]: ...
+        @t.overload
+        def __new__(cls, endianity: str, format: str) -> FormatField[t.Any, t.Any]: ...
+    else:
+        def __new__(cls, endianity: str, format: str) -> FormatField[t.Any, t.Any]: ...
+
+class BytesInteger(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    signed: bool
+    swapped: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+        signed: bool = ...,
+        swapped: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool] = ...,
+    ) -> BytesInteger[int, int]: ...
+
+class BitsInteger(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    signed: bool
+    swapped: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+        signed: bool = ...,
+        swapped: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool] = ...,
+    ) -> BitsInteger[int, int]: ...
+
+Bit: BitsInteger[int, int]
+Nibble: BitsInteger[int, int]
+Octet: BitsInteger[int, int]
+
+Int8ub: FormatField[int, int]
+Int16ub: FormatField[int, int]
+Int32ub: FormatField[int, int]
+Int64ub: FormatField[int, int]
+Int8sb: FormatField[int, int]
+Int16sb: FormatField[int, int]
+Int32sb: FormatField[int, int]
+Int64sb: FormatField[int, int]
+Int8ul: FormatField[int, int]
+Int16ul: FormatField[int, int]
+Int32ul: FormatField[int, int]
+Int64ul: FormatField[int, int]
+Int8sl: FormatField[int, int]
+Int16sl: FormatField[int, int]
+Int32sl: FormatField[int, int]
+Int64sl: FormatField[int, int]
+Int8un: FormatField[int, int]
+Int16un: FormatField[int, int]
+Int32un: FormatField[int, int]
+Int64un: FormatField[int, int]
+Int8sn: FormatField[int, int]
+Int16sn: FormatField[int, int]
+Int32sn: FormatField[int, int]
+Int64sn: FormatField[int, int]
+
+Byte: FormatField[int, int]
+Short: FormatField[int, int]
+Int: FormatField[int, int]
+Long: FormatField[int, int]
+
+Float16b: FormatField[float, float]
+Float16l: FormatField[float, float]
+Float16n: FormatField[float, float]
+Float32b: FormatField[float, float]
+Float32l: FormatField[float, float]
+Float32n: FormatField[float, float]
+Float64b: FormatField[float, float]
+Float64l: FormatField[float, float]
+Float64n: FormatField[float, float]
+
+Half: FormatField[float, float]
+Single: FormatField[float, float]
+Double: FormatField[float, float]
+
+Int24ub: BytesInteger[int, int]
+Int24ul: BytesInteger[int, int]
+Int24un: BytesInteger[int, int]
+Int24sb: BytesInteger[int, int]
+Int24sl: BytesInteger[int, int]
+Int24sn: BytesInteger[int, int]
+
+VarInt: Construct[int, int]
+ZigZag: Construct[int, int]
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# strings
+# ===============================================================================
+class StringEncoded(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+        ENCODING_1 = t.Literal["ascii", "utf8", "utf_8", "u8"]
+        ENCODING_2 = t.Literal["utf16", "utf_16", "u16", "utf_16_be", "utf_16_le"]
+        ENCODING_4 = t.Literal["utf32", "utf_32", "u32", "utf_32_be", "utf_32_le"]
+        ENCODING = t.Union[str, ENCODING_1, ENCODING_2, ENCODING_4]
+    else:
+        ENCODING = str
+    encoding: ENCODING
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes], encoding: ENCODING
+    ) -> StringEncoded[str, str]: ...
+
+def PaddedString(
+    length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int], encoding: StringEncoded.ENCODING
+) -> StringEncoded[str, str]: ...
+def PascalString(
+    lengthfield: Construct[int, int], encoding: StringEncoded.ENCODING
+) -> StringEncoded[str, str]: ...
+def CString(encoding: StringEncoded.ENCODING) -> StringEncoded[str, str]: ...
+def GreedyString(encoding: StringEncoded.ENCODING) -> StringEncoded[str, str]: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# mappings
+# ===============================================================================
+Flag: Construct[bool, bool]
+
+class EnumInteger(int): ...
+
+class EnumIntegerString(str):
+    @staticmethod
+    def new(intvalue: int, stringvalue: str) -> EnumIntegerString: ...
+
+class Enum(Adapter[int, int, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    encmapping: t.Dict[str, int]
+    decmapping: t.Dict[int, EnumIntegerString]
+    ksymapping: t.Dict[int, str]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[int, int],
+        *merge: t.Union[t.Type[enum.IntEnum], t.Type[enum.IntFlag]],
+        **mapping: int
+    ) -> Enum[t.Union[EnumInteger, EnumIntegerString], t.Union[int, str]]: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> EnumIntegerString: ...
+
+class BitwisableString(str):
+    def __or__(self, other: BitwisableString) -> BitwisableString: ...
+
+class FlagsEnum(Adapter[int, int, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    flags: t.Dict[str, int]
+    reverseflags: t.Dict[int, str]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[int, int],
+        *merge: t.Union[t.Type[enum.IntEnum], t.Type[enum.IntFlag]],
+        **flags: int
+    ) -> FlagsEnum[Container[bool], t.Union[int, str, t.Dict[str, bool]]]: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> BitwisableString: ...
+
+class Mapping(Adapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, t.Any, t.Any]):
+    decmapping: t.Dict[int, str]
+    encmapping: t.Dict[str, int]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        mapping: t.Dict[t.Any, t.Any],
+    ) -> Mapping[t.Any, t.Any]: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# structures and sequences
+# ===============================================================================
+# this can maybe made better when variadic generics are available
+class Struct(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    subcons: t.List[Construct[t.Any, t.Any]]
+    def __new__(
+        cls, *subcons: Construct[t.Any, t.Any], **subconskw: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+    ) -> Struct[Container[t.Any], t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]]]: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any: ...
+
+# this can maybe made better when variadic generics are available
+class Sequence(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    subcons: t.List[Construct[t.Any, t.Any]]
+    def __new__(
+        cls, *subcons: Construct[t.Any, t.Any], **subconskw: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+    ) -> Sequence[ListContainer[t.Any], t.Optional[t.List[t.Any]]]: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# arrays ranges and repeaters
+# ===============================================================================
+class Array(
+    Subconstruct[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        ParsedType,
+        BuildTypes,
+    ]
+):
+    count: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    discard: bool
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        count: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        discard: bool = ...,
+    ) -> Array[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        ListContainer[SubconParsedType],
+        t.List[SubconBuildTypes],
+    ]: ...
+
+class GreedyRange(
+    Subconstruct[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        ParsedType,
+        BuildTypes,
+    ]
+):
+    discard: bool
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes], discard: bool = ...
+    ) -> GreedyRange[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        ListContainer[SubconParsedType],
+        t.List[SubconBuildTypes],
+    ]: ...
+
+class RepeatUntil(
+    Subconstruct[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        ListContainer[SubconParsedType],
+        t.List[SubconBuildTypes],
+    ]
+):
+    predicate: t.Union[
+        bool,
+        t.Callable[[SubconParsedType, ListContainer[SubconParsedType], Context], bool],
+    ]
+    discard: bool
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        predicate: t.Union[
+            bool,
+            t.Callable[
+                [SubconParsedType, ListContainer[SubconParsedType], Context], bool
+            ],
+        ],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        discard: bool = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# specials
+# ===============================================================================
+class Renamed(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        newname: t.Optional[str] = ...,
+        newdocs: t.Optional[str] = ...,
+        newparsed: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Any, Context], None]] = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# miscellaneous
+# ===============================================================================
+class Const(Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    value: SubconBuildTypes
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        value: bytes,
+    ) -> Const[None, None, bytes, Bytes[bytes, int]]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        value: SubconBuildTypes,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> Const[None, None, SubconParsedType, t.Optional[SubconBuildTypes]]: ...
+
+class Computed(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    func: ConstantOrContextLambda2[ParsedType]
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, func: ConstantOrContextLambda2[ParsedType]
+    ) -> Computed[ParsedType, None]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, func: ConstantOrContextLambda2[t.Any]
+    ) -> Computed[t.Any, None]: ...
+
+Index: Construct[int, t.Any]
+
+class Rebuild(Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    func: ConstantOrContextLambda[SubconBuildTypes]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        func: ConstantOrContextLambda[SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> Rebuild[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, None]: ...
+
+class Default(Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    value: ConstantOrContextLambda[SubconBuildTypes]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        value: ConstantOrContextLambda[SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> Default[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        SubconParsedType,
+        t.Optional[SubconBuildTypes],
+    ]: ...
+
+class Check(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    func: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool]
+    def __new__(cls, func: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool]) -> Check[None, None]: ...
+
+Error: Construct[None, None]
+
+class FocusedSeq(Construct[t.Any, t.Any]):
+    subcons: t.List[Construct[t.Any, t.Any]]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        parsebuildfrom: ConstantOrContextLambda[str],
+        *subcons: Construct[t.Any, t.Any],
+        **subconskw: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any: ...
+
+Pickled: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+
+Numpy: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+
+class NamedTuple(
+    Adapter[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        ParsedType,
+        BuildTypes,
+    ]
+):
+    tuplename: str
+    tuplefields: str
+    factory: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        tuplename: str,
+        tuplefields: str,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> NamedTuple[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        t.Tuple[t.Any, ...],
+        t.Union[t.Tuple[t.Any, ...], t.List[t.Any], t.Dict[str, t.Any]],
+    ]: ...
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    MSDOS = t.Literal["msdos"]
+else:
+    MSDOS = str
+
+class TimestampAdapter(
+    Adapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, arrow.Arrow, arrow.Arrow]
+): ...
+
+@t.overload
+def Timestamp(
+    subcon: Construct[int, int], unit: MSDOS, epoch: MSDOS
+) -> TimestampAdapter[int, int]: ...
+@t.overload
+def Timestamp(
+    subcon: Construct[int, int],
+    unit: t.Union[int, float],
+    epoch: t.Union[int, arrow.Arrow],
+) -> TimestampAdapter[int, int]: ...
+@t.overload
+def Timestamp(
+    subcon: Construct[float, float],
+    unit: t.Union[int, float],
+    epoch: t.Union[int, arrow.Arrow],
+) -> TimestampAdapter[float, float]: ...
+
+K = t.TypeVar("K")
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+class Hex(Adapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[int, BuildTypes]
+    ) -> Hex[int, BuildTypes, HexDisplayedInteger, BuildTypes]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[bytes, BuildTypes]
+    ) -> Hex[bytes, BuildTypes, HexDisplayedBytes, BuildTypes]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[RawCopyObj[SubconParsedType], BuildTypes]
+    ) -> Hex[
+        RawCopyObj[SubconParsedType],
+        BuildTypes,
+        HexDisplayedDict[str, t.Union[int, bytes, SubconParsedType]],
+        BuildTypes,
+    ]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[Container[t.Any], BuildTypes]
+    ) -> Hex[
+        Container[t.Any], BuildTypes, HexDisplayedDict[str, t.Any], BuildTypes
+    ]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+    ) -> Hex[
+        SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes
+    ]: ...
+
+class HexDump(Adapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[bytes, BuildTypes]
+    ) -> HexDump[bytes, BuildTypes, HexDumpDisplayedBytes, BuildTypes]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[RawCopyObj[SubconParsedType], BuildTypes]
+    ) -> HexDump[
+        RawCopyObj[SubconParsedType],
+        BuildTypes,
+        HexDumpDisplayedDict[str, t.Union[int, bytes, SubconParsedType]],
+        BuildTypes,
+    ]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[Container[t.Any], BuildTypes]
+    ) -> HexDump[
+        Container[t.Any], BuildTypes, HexDumpDisplayedDict[str, t.Any], BuildTypes
+    ]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+    ) -> HexDump[
+        SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes
+    ]: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# conditional
+# ===============================================================================
+# this can maybe made better when variadic generics are available
+class Union(Construct[Container[t.Any], t.Dict[str, t.Any]]):
+    parsefrom: t.Optional[ConstantOrContextLambda[t.Union[int, str]]]
+    subcons: t.List[Construct[t.Any, t.Any]]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        parsefrom: t.Optional[ConstantOrContextLambda[t.Union[int, str]]],
+        *subcons: Construct[t.Any, t.Any],
+        **subconskw: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any: ...
+
+# this can maybe made better when variadic generics are available
+class Select(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    subcons: t.List[Construct[t.Any, t.Any]]
+    def __new__(
+        cls, *subcons: Construct[t.Any, t.Any], **subconskw: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+    ) -> Select[t.Any, t.Any]: ...
+
+def Optional(
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+) -> Select[t.Union[SubconParsedType, None], t.Union[SubconBuildTypes, None]]: ...
+
+ThenParsedType = t.TypeVar("ThenParsedType")
+ThenBuildTypes = t.TypeVar("ThenBuildTypes")
+ElseParsedType = t.TypeVar("ElseParsedType")
+ElseBuildTypes = t.TypeVar("ElseBuildTypes")
+
+# This does not represent the original code, but it is the only solution that works good with pyright
+class _IfThenElse(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    condfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool]
+    thensubcon: Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]
+    elsesubcon: Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]
+
+def IfThenElse(
+    condfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool],
+    thensubcon: Construct[ThenParsedType, ThenBuildTypes],
+    elsesubcon: Construct[ElseParsedType, ElseBuildTypes],
+) -> _IfThenElse[
+    t.Union[ThenParsedType, ElseParsedType], t.Union[ThenBuildTypes, ElseBuildTypes]
+]: ...
+def If(
+    condfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool],
+    subcon: Construct[ThenParsedType, ThenBuildTypes],
+) -> _IfThenElse[t.Union[ThenParsedType, None], t.Union[ThenBuildTypes, None]]: ...
+
+SwitchType = t.TypeVar("SwitchType")
+
+class Switch(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    keyfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda[t.Any]
+    cases: t.Dict[t.Any, Construct[t.Any, t.Any]]
+    default: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        keyfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda[SwitchType],
+        cases: t.Dict[SwitchType, Construct[int, int]],
+        default: t.Optional[Construct[int, int]] = ...,
+    ) -> Switch[int, t.Optional[int]]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        keyfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda[t.Any],
+        cases: t.Dict[t.Any, Construct[t.Any, t.Any]],
+        default: t.Optional[Construct[t.Any, t.Any]] = ...,
+    ) -> Switch[t.Any, t.Any]: ...
+
+class StopIf(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    condfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool]
+    def __new__(cls, condfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda[bool]) -> StopIf[None, None]: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# alignment and padding
+# ===============================================================================
+def Padding(
+    length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int], pattern: bytes = ...
+) -> Padded[None, None]: ...
+
+class Padded(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    pattern: bytes
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        pattern: bytes = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class Aligned(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    modulus: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    pattern: bytes
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        modulus: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        pattern: bytes = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+def AlignedStruct(
+    modulus: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+    *subcons: Construct[t.Any, t.Any],
+    **subconskw: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+) -> Struct[Container[t.Any], t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]]]: ...
+def BitStruct(
+    *subcons: Construct[t.Any, t.Any], **subconskw: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+) -> t.Union[
+    Transformed[Container[t.Any], t.Dict[str, t.Any]],
+    Restreamed[Container[t.Any], t.Dict[str, t.Any]],
+]: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# stream manipulation
+# ===============================================================================
+class Pointer(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    offset: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    stream: t.Optional[t.Callable[[Context], StreamType]]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        offset: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        stream: t.Optional[t.Callable[[Context], StreamType]] = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class Peek(Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> Peek[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        SubconParsedType,
+        t.Union[SubconBuildTypes, None],
+    ]: ...
+
+class Seek(Construct[int, None]):
+    at: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+        WHENCE = t.Literal[0, 1, 2]
+    else:
+        WHENCE = int
+    whence: ConstantOrContextLambda[WHENCE]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        at: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+        whence: ConstantOrContextLambda[WHENCE] = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+Tell: Construct[int, None]
+Pass: Construct[None, None]
+Terminated: Construct[None, None]
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# tunneling and byte/bit swapping
+# ===============================================================================
+@t.type_check_only
+class RawCopyObj(t.Generic[ParsedType], Container[t.Any]):
+    data: bytes
+    value: ParsedType
+    offset1: int
+    offset2: int
+    length: int
+
+class RawCopy(Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+    ) -> RawCopy[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        RawCopyObj[SubconParsedType],
+        t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Union[SubconBuildTypes, bytes]]],
+    ]: ...
+
+def ByteSwapped(
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+) -> Transformed[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]: ...
+def BitsSwapped(
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+) -> t.Union[
+    Transformed[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    Restreamed[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+]: ...
+
+class Prefixed(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    lengthfield: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+    includelength: t.Optional[bool]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        lengthfield: Construct[int, int],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        includelength: t.Optional[bool] = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+def PrefixedArray(
+    countfield: Construct[int, int],
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+) -> Array[
+    SubconParsedType,
+    SubconBuildTypes,
+    ListContainer[SubconParsedType],
+    t.List[SubconBuildTypes],
+]: ...
+
+class FixedSized(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        length: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class NullTerminated(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    term: bytes
+    include: t.Optional[bool]
+    consume: t.Optional[bool]
+    require: t.Optional[bool]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        term: bytes = ...,
+        include: t.Optional[bool] = ...,
+        consume: t.Optional[bool] = ...,
+        require: t.Optional[bool] = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class NullStripped(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    pad: bytes
+    def __init__(
+        self, subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes], pad: bytes = ...
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class RestreamData(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, None]
+):
+    datafunc: t.Union[
+        bytes, io.BytesIO, Construct[bytes, t.Any], t.Callable[[Context], bytes]
+    ]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        datafunc: t.Union[
+            bytes, io.BytesIO, Construct[bytes, t.Any], t.Callable[[Context], bytes]
+        ],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class Transformed(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    decodefunc: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes]
+    decodeamount: t.Optional[int]
+    encodefunc: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes]
+    encodeamount: t.Optional[int]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        decodefunc: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes],
+        decodeamount: t.Optional[int],
+        encodefunc: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes],
+        encodeamount: t.Optional[int],
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class Restreamed(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    decoder: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes]
+    decoderunit: int
+    encoder: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes]
+    encoderunit: int
+    sizecomputer: t.Callable[[int], int]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        decoder: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes],
+        decoderunit: int,
+        encoder: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes],
+        encoderunit: int,
+        sizecomputer: t.Callable[[int], int],
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class ProcessXor(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconParsedType]
+):
+    padfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda2[t.Union[int, bytes]]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        padfunc: ConstantOrContextLambda2[t.Union[int, bytes]],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> ProcessXor[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]: ...
+
+class ProcessRotateLeft(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconParsedType]
+):
+    amount: ConstantOrContextLambda2[int]
+    group: ConstantOrContextLambda2[int]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        amount: ConstantOrContextLambda2[int],
+        group: ConstantOrContextLambda2[int],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> ProcessRotateLeft[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]: ...
+
+T = t.TypeVar("T")
+
+class Checksum(t.Generic[T, ParsedType, BuildTypes], Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    checksumfield: Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]
+    hashfunc: t.Callable[[T], BuildTypes]
+    bytesfunc: t.Callable[[Context], T]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        checksumfield: Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes],
+        hashfunc: t.Callable[[T], BuildTypes],
+        bytesfunc: t.Callable[[Context], T],
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class Compressed(Tunnel[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]):
+    encoding: str
+    level: t.Optional[int]
+    lib: t.Any
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        encoding: str,
+        level: t.Optional[int] = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class CompressedLZ4(Tunnel[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]):
+    lib: t.Any
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class Rebuffered(
+    Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    stream2: RebufferedBytesIO
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        tailcutoff: t.Optional[int] = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# lazy equivalents
+# ===============================================================================
+class Lazy(Subconstruct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> Lazy[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        t.Callable[[], SubconParsedType],
+        t.Union[t.Callable[[], SubconParsedType], SubconParsedType],
+    ]: ...
+
+class LazyContainer(t.Generic[ContainerType], t.Dict[str, ContainerType]):
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> ContainerType: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, index: t.Union[str, int]) -> ContainerType: ...
+    def keys(self) -> t.Iterator[str]: ...
+    def values(self) -> t.List[ContainerType]: ...
+    def items(self) -> t.List[t.Tuple[str, ContainerType]]: ...
+
+class LazyStruct(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    subcons: t.List[Construct[t.Any, t.Any]]
+    def __new__(
+        cls, *subcons: Construct[t.Any, t.Any], **subconskw: Construct[t.Any, t.Any]
+    ) -> LazyStruct[LazyContainer[t.Any], t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]]]: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any: ...
+
+class LazyListContainer(t.List[ListType]): ...
+
+class LazyArray(
+    Subconstruct[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        ParsedType,
+        BuildTypes,
+    ]
+):
+    count: ConstantOrContextLambda[int]
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        count: ConstantOrContextLambda[int],
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> LazyArray[
+        SubconParsedType,
+        SubconBuildTypes,
+        ListContainer[SubconParsedType],
+        t.List[SubconBuildTypes],
+    ]: ...
+
+class LazyBound(Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    subconfunc: t.Callable[[], Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]]
+    def __new__(
+        cls, subconfunc: t.Callable[[], Construct[ParsedType, BuildTypes]]
+    ) -> LazyBound[ParsedType, BuildTypes]: ...
+
+# ===============================================================================
+# adapters and validators
+# ===============================================================================
+class ExprAdapter(Adapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]):
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        decoder: t.Callable[[SubconParsedType, Context], ParsedType],
+        encoder: t.Callable[[BuildTypes, Context], SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> ExprAdapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]: ...
+
+class ExprSymmetricAdapter(
+    ExprAdapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes]
+):
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        encoder: t.Callable[[BuildTypes, Context], SubconBuildTypes],
+    ) -> ExprSymmetricAdapter[
+        SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes
+    ]: ...
+
+class ExprValidator(Validator[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]):
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+        validator: t.Callable[[SubconParsedType, Context], bool],
+    ) -> ExprValidator[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]: ...
+
+def OneOf(
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    valids: t.Container[SubconParsedType],
+) -> ExprValidator[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]: ...
+def NoneOf(
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+    invalids: t.Container[SubconParsedType],
+) -> ExprValidator[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]: ...
+def Filter(
+    predicate: t.Callable[[SubconParsedType, Context], bool],
+    subcon: Construct[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes],
+) -> ExprSymmetricAdapter[
+    SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes
+]: ...
+
+class Slicing(
+    Adapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: t.Union[
+            Array[
+                SubconParsedType,
+                SubconBuildTypes,
+                ListContainer[SubconParsedType],
+                t.List[SubconBuildTypes],
+            ],
+            GreedyRange[
+                SubconParsedType,
+                SubconBuildTypes,
+                ListContainer[SubconParsedType],
+                t.List[SubconBuildTypes],
+            ],
+        ],
+        count: int,
+        start: t.Optional[int],
+        stop: t.Optional[int],
+        step: int = ...,
+        empty: t.Optional[SubconParsedType] = ...,
+    ) -> Slicing[ListContainer[SubconParsedType], t.List[SubconBuildTypes]]: ...
+
+class Indexing(
+    Adapter[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]
+):
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        subcon: t.Union[
+            Array[
+                SubconParsedType,
+                SubconBuildTypes,
+                ListContainer[SubconParsedType],
+                t.List[SubconBuildTypes],
+            ],
+            GreedyRange[
+                SubconParsedType,
+                SubconBuildTypes,
+                ListContainer[SubconParsedType],
+                t.List[SubconBuildTypes],
+            ],
+        ],
+        count: int,
+        index: int,
+        empty: t.Optional[SubconParsedType] = ...,
+    ) -> Indexing[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes]: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/debug.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/debug.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1234663
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/debug.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import typing as t
+
+from construct.core import Construct, Context, Subconstruct
+
+ContextLambda = t.Callable[[Context], t.Any]
+
+class Probe(Construct[None, None]):
+    def __init__(
+        self, into: t.Optional[ContextLambda] = ..., lookahead: int = ...
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class Debugger(Subconstruct[None, None, None, None]): ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/expr.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/expr.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8450a44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/expr.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,558 @@
+import operator
+import typing as t
+
+from construct.core import *
+
+UniOperator = t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]
+BinOperator = t.Callable[[t.Any, t.Any], t.Any]
+
+ReturnType = t.TypeVar("ReturnType")
+LhsReturnType = t.TypeVar("LhsReturnType")
+RhsReturnType = t.TypeVar("RhsReturnType")
+
+ConstOrCallable = t.Union[ReturnType, t.Callable[[ReturnType], ReturnType]]
+
+
+class ExprMixin(t.Generic[ReturnType], object):
+    # __add__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __add__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __add__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __add__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __add__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __add__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __add__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __add__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+
+    # __sub__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __sub__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __sub__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __sub__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __sub__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __sub__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __sub__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __sub__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __sub__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __mul__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __mul__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mul__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mul__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mul__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mul__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mul__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mul__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mul__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __floordiv__ #####################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __floordiv__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __floordiv__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __floordiv__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __floordiv__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __floordiv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __floordiv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __floordiv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __floordiv__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __truediv__ ######################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __truediv__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __truediv__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __truediv__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __truediv__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __truediv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __truediv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __truediv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __truediv__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __div__ ##########################################################################################################
+    def __div__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __mod__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __mod__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mod__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mod__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mod__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mod__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mod__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mod__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __mod__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __pow__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __pow__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pow__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pow__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pow__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pow__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pow__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pow__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pow__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __xor__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __xor__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __xor__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __xor__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __xor__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rshift__ #######################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rshift__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rshift__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rshift__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rshift__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rshift__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __lshift__ #######################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __lshift__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lshift__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lshift__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lshift__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lshift__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __and__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __and__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __and__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __and__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __and__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __or__ ###########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __or__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __or__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __or__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __or__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __radd__ #########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __radd__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __radd__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __radd__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __radd__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __radd__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __radd__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __radd__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __radd__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rsub__ #########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rsub__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rsub__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rsub__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rsub__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rsub__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rsub__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rsub__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rsub__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rmul__ #########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmul__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmul__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmul__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmul__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmul__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmul__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmul__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmul__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rfloordiv__ ####################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rfloordiv__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rfloordiv__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rfloordiv__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rfloordiv__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rfloordiv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rfloordiv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rfloordiv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rfloordiv__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rtruediv__ #####################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rtruediv__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rtruediv__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rtruediv__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rtruediv__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rtruediv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rtruediv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rtruediv__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rtruediv__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rdiv__ #########################################################################################################
+    def __rdiv__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rmod__ #########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmod__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmod__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmod__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmod__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmod__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmod__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmod__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rmod__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rpow__ #########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rpow__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rpow__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rpow__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rpow__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rpow__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rpow__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rpow__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rpow__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rxor__ #########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rxor__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rxor__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rxor__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rxor__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rrshift__ ######################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rrshift__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rrshift__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rrshift__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rrshift__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rrshift__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rlshift__ ######################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rlshift__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rlshift__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rlshift__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rlshift__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rlshift__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __rand__ #########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __rand__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rand__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rand__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __rand__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __ror__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __ror__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ror__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ror__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ror__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __contains__ #####################################################################################################
+    def __contains__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __gt__ ###########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __gt__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __gt__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __gt__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __gt__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __gt__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __gt__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __gt__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __gt__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __ge__ ###########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __ge__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ge__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ge__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ge__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ge__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ge__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ge__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ge__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __lt__ ###########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __lt__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lt__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lt__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lt__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lt__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lt__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lt__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __lt__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __le__ ###########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __le__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __le__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __le__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __le__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __le__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __le__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __le__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __le__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __eq__ ###########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __eq__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __eq__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __eq__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __eq__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __eq__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __eq__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __eq__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __eq__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __ne__ ###########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __ne__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ne__(self: ExprMixin[int], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ne__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ne__(self: ExprMixin[bool], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ne__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[int]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ne__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[bool]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ne__(self: ExprMixin[float], other: ConstOrCallable[float]) -> BinExpr[bool]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __ne__(self, other: t.Any) -> BinExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __neg__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __neg__(self: ExprMixin[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __neg__(self: ExprMixin[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __neg__(self: ExprMixin[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __neg__(self) -> UniExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __pos__ ##########################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __pos__(self: ExprMixin[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pos__(self: ExprMixin[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pos__(self: ExprMixin[float]) -> BinExpr[float]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __pos__(self) -> UniExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __invert__ #######################################################################################################
+    @t.overload
+    def __invert__(self: ExprMixin[int]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __invert__(self: ExprMixin[bool]) -> BinExpr[int]: ...
+    @t.overload
+    def __invert__(self) -> UniExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+    # __inv__ ##########################################################################################################
+    def __inv__(self) -> UniExpr[t.Any]: ...
+
+class UniExpr(ExprMixin[ReturnType]):
+    def __init__(self, op: UniOperator, operand: t.Any) -> None: ...
+    def __call__(self, obj: t.Union[Context, dict[str, t.Any], t.Any], *args: t.Any) -> ReturnType: ...
+
+class BinExpr(ExprMixin[ReturnType]):
+    def __init__(self, op: BinOperator, lhs: t.Any, rhs: t.Any) -> None: ...
+    def __call__(self, obj: t.Union[Context, dict[str, t.Any], t.Any], *args: t.Any) -> ReturnType: ...
+
+class Path(ExprMixin[ReturnType]):
+    def __init__(self, name: str, field: t.Optional[str] = ..., parent: t.Optional[Path[t.Any]] = ...) -> None: ...
+    def __call__(self, obj: t.Union[Context, dict[str, t.Any], t.Any], *args: t.Any) -> ReturnType: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Path[t.Any]: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, name: str) -> Path[t.Any]: ...
+
+
+class Path2(ExprMixin[ReturnType]):
+    def __init__(self, name: str, index: t.Optional[int] = ..., parent: t.Optional[Path2[t.Any]] = ...) -> None: ...
+    def __call__(self, *args: t.Any) -> ReturnType: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, index: int) -> Path2[t.Any]: ...
+
+
+class FuncPath(ExprMixin[ReturnType]):
+    def __init__(self, func: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any], operand: t.Optional[t.Any] = ...) -> None: ...
+    def __call__(self, operand: t.Any, *args: t.Any) -> ReturnType: ...
+
+
+this: Path[t.Any]
+obj_: Path[t.Any]
+list_: Path2[t.Any]
+
+len_: FuncPath[int]
+sum_: FuncPath[int]
+min_: FuncPath[int]
+max_: FuncPath[int]
+abs_: FuncPath[int]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/__init__.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/__init__.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24c6562
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/__init__.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+from construct.lib.binary import *
+from construct.lib.bitstream import *
+from construct.lib.containers import *
+from construct.lib.hex import *
+from construct.lib.py3compat import *
+
+__all__ = [
+    'bits2bytes',
+    'bits2integer',
+    'byte2int',
+    'bytes2bits',
+    'bytes2integer',
+    'bytes2integers',
+    'bytes2str',
+    'bytestringtype',
+    'Container',
+    'globalPrintFalseFlags',
+    'globalPrintFullStrings',
+    'HexDisplayedBytes',
+    'HexDisplayedDict',
+    'HexDisplayedInteger',
+    'hexdump',
+    'HexDumpDisplayedBytes',
+    'HexDumpDisplayedDict',
+    'hexlify',
+    'hexundump',
+    'int2byte',
+    'integer2bits',
+    'integer2bytes',
+    'integers2bytes',
+    'integertypes',
+    'ListContainer',
+    'ONWINDOWS',
+    'PY',
+    'PY2',
+    'PY3',
+    'PYPY',
+    'RebufferedBytesIO',
+    'reprstring',
+    'RestreamedBytesIO',
+    'setGlobalPrintFalseFlags',
+    'setGlobalPrintFullStrings',
+    'setGlobalPrintPrivateEntries',
+    'str2bytes',
+    'stringtypes',
+    'swapbitsinbytes',
+    'swapbytes',
+    'swapbytesinbits',
+    'trimstring',
+    'unhexlify',
+    'unicodestringtype',
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/binary.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/binary.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69ef57a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/binary.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+def integer2bits(number: int, width: int, signed: bool = ...) -> bytes: ...
+def integer2bytes(number: int, width: int, signed: bool = ...) -> bytes: ...
+def bits2integer(data: bytes, signed: bool = ...) -> int: ...
+def bytes2integer(data: bytes, signed: bool = ...) -> int: ...
+def bytes2bits(data: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+def bits2bytes(data: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+def swapbytes(data: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+def swapbytesinbits(data: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+def swapbitsinbytes(data: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+def hexlify(data: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+def unhexlify(data: bytes) -> bytes: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/bitstream.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/bitstream.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6785ea5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/bitstream.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import io
+import typing as t
+
+class RestreamedBytesIO(object):
+    substream: t.Optional[io.BytesIO]
+    encoder: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes]
+    encoderunit: int
+    decoder: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes]
+    decoderunit: int
+    rbuffer: bytes
+    wbuffer: bytes
+    sincereadwritten: int
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        substream: t.Optional[io.BytesIO],
+        decoder: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes],
+        decoderunit: int,
+        encoder: t.Callable[[bytes], bytes],
+        encoderunit: int,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def read(self, count: t.Optional[int] = ...) -> bytes: ...
+    def write(self, data: t.Union[bytes, bytearray, memoryview]) -> int: ...
+    def close(self) -> None: ...
+    def seek(self, at: int, whence: int = ...) -> int: ...
+    def seekable(self) -> bool: ...
+    def tell(self) -> int: ...
+    def tellable(self) -> bool: ...
+
+class RebufferedBytesIO(object):
+    substream: t.Optional[io.BytesIO]
+    offset: int
+    rwbuffer: bytes
+    moved: int
+    tailcutoff: t.Optional[int]
+    def __init__(
+        self, substream: t.Optional[io.BytesIO], tailcutoff: t.Optional[int] = ...
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def read(self, count: t.Optional[int] = ...) -> bytes: ...
+    def write(self, data: t.Union[bytes, bytearray, memoryview]) -> int: ...
+    def seek(self, at: int, whence: int = ...) -> int: ...
+    def seekable(self) -> bool: ...
+    def tell(self) -> int: ...
+    def tellable(self) -> bool: ...
+    def cachedfrom(self) -> int: ...
+    def cachedto(self) -> int: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/containers.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/containers.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a50033a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/containers.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import re
+import typing as t
+
+ContainerType = t.TypeVar("ContainerType")
+ListType = t.TypeVar("ListType")
+
+SearchPattern = t.Union[t.AnyStr, re.Pattern[t.AnyStr]]
+
+globalPrintFullStrings: bool
+globalPrintFalseFlags: bool
+globalPrintPrivateEntries: bool
+
+def setGlobalPrintFullStrings(enabled: bool = ...) -> None: ...
+def setGlobalPrintFalseFlags(enabled: bool = ...) -> None: ...
+def setGlobalPrintPrivateEntries(enabled: bool = ...) -> None: ...
+def recursion_lock(
+    retval: str = ..., lock_name: str = ...
+) -> t.Callable[[t.Callable[..., str]], t.Callable[..., str]]: ...
+
+class Container(t.Generic[ContainerType], t.Dict[str, ContainerType]):
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> ContainerType: ...
+    def update(
+        self,
+        seqordict: t.Union[t.Dict[str, ContainerType], t.Tuple[str, ContainerType]],
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def search(self, pattern: SearchPattern[t.Any]) -> t.Any: ...
+    def search_all(self, pattern: SearchPattern[t.Any]) -> t.Any: ...
+
+class ListContainer(t.List[ListType]):
+    def search(self, pattern: SearchPattern[t.Any]) -> t.Any: ...
+    def search_all(self, pattern: SearchPattern[t.Any]) -> t.Any: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/hex.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/hex.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..afa985f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/hex.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import typing as t
+
+
+class HexDisplayedInteger(int): ...
+class HexDisplayedBytes(bytes): ...
+
+K = t.TypeVar("K")
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+class HexDisplayedDict(t.Dict[K, V]): ...
+class HexDumpDisplayedBytes(bytes): ...
+class HexDumpDisplayedDict(t.Dict[K, V]): ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/py3compat.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/py3compat.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f105096
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/lib/py3compat.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import typing as t
+
+PY2: bool
+PY3: bool
+PYPY: bool
+ONWINDOWS: bool
+
+stringtypes: t.Tuple[t.Type[bytes], t.Type[str]]
+integertypes: t.Tuple[t.Type[int]]
+unicodestringtype: t.Type[str]
+bytestringtype: t.Type[bytes]
+
+def int2byte(character: int) -> bytes: ...
+def byte2int(character: bytes) -> int: ...
+def str2bytes(string: str) -> bytes: ...
+def bytes2str(string: bytes) -> str: ...
+def reprstring(data: t.Union[bytes, str]) -> str: ...
+def trimstring(data: t.Union[bytes, str]) -> str: ...
+def integers2bytes(ints: t.Iterable[int]) -> bytes: ...
+def bytes2integers(data: bytes) -> list[int]: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/version.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/version.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79441c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct-stubs/version.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import typing as t
+
+version: t.Tuple[int, int, int]
+version_string: str
+release_date: str
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdc718b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+r"""
+Construct 2 -- Parsing Made Fun
+
+Homepage:
+	https://github.com/construct/construct
+    http://construct.readthedocs.org
+
+Hands-on example:
+    >>> from construct import *
+    >>> s = Struct(
+    ...     "a" / Byte,
+    ...     "b" / Short,
+    ... )
+    >>> print s.parse(b"\x01\x02\x03")
+    Container:
+        a = 1
+        b = 515
+    >>> s.build(Container(a=1, b=0x0203))
+    b"\x01\x02\x03"
+"""
+
+from construct.core import *
+from construct.expr import *
+from construct.debug import *
+from construct.version import *
+from construct import lib
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# metadata
+#===============================================================================
+__author__ = "Arkadiusz Bulski <arek.bulski@gmail.com>, Tomer Filiba <tomerfiliba@gmail.com>, Corbin Simpson <MostAwesomeDude@gmail.com>"
+__version__ = version_string
+
+#===============================================================================
+# exposed names
+#===============================================================================
+__all__ = [
+    '__author__',
+    '__version__',
+    'abs_',
+    'AdaptationError',
+    'Adapter',
+    'Aligned',
+    'AlignedStruct',
+    'Array',
+    'Bit',
+    'BitsInteger',
+    'BitsSwapped',
+    'BitStruct',
+    'BitwisableString',
+    'Bitwise',
+    'Byte',
+    'Bytes',
+    'BytesInteger',
+    'ByteSwapped',
+    'Bytewise',
+    'CancelParsing',
+    'Check',
+    'CheckError',
+    'Checksum',
+    'ChecksumError',
+    'Compiled',
+    'Compressed',
+    'CompressedLZ4',
+    'Computed',
+    'Const',
+    'ConstError',
+    'Construct',
+    'ConstructError',
+    'Container',
+    'CString',
+    'Debugger',
+    'Default',
+    'Double',
+    'Enum',
+    'EnumInteger',
+    'EnumIntegerString',
+    'Error',
+    'ExplicitError',
+    'ExprAdapter',
+    'ExprSymmetricAdapter',
+    'ExprValidator',
+    'Filter',
+    'FixedSized',
+    'Flag',
+    'FlagsEnum',
+    'FocusedSeq',
+    'FormatField',
+    'FormatFieldError',
+    'FuncPath',
+    'globalPrintFalseFlags',
+    'globalPrintFullStrings',
+    'GreedyBytes',
+    'GreedyRange',
+    'GreedyString',
+    'Half',
+    'Hex',
+    'HexDump',
+    'If',
+    'IfThenElse',
+    'Index',
+    'IndexFieldError',
+    'Indexing',
+    'Int',
+    'IntegerError',
+    'Lazy',
+    'LazyArray',
+    'LazyBound',
+    'LazyContainer',
+    'LazyListContainer',
+    'LazyStruct',
+    'len_',
+    'lib',
+    'list_',
+    'ListContainer',
+    'Long',
+    'Mapping',
+    'MappingError',
+    'max_',
+    'min_',
+    'NamedTuple',
+    'NamedTupleError',
+    'Nibble',
+    'NoneOf',
+    'NullStripped',
+    'NullTerminated',
+    'Numpy',
+    'obj_',
+    'Octet',
+    'OneOf',
+    'Optional',
+    'Padded',
+    'PaddedString',
+    'Padding',
+    'PaddingError',
+    'PascalString',
+    'Pass',
+    'Path',
+    'Path2',
+    'Peek',
+    'Pickled',
+    'Pointer',
+    'possiblestringencodings',
+    'Prefixed',
+    'PrefixedArray',
+    'Probe',
+    'ProcessRotateLeft',
+    'ProcessXor',
+    'RangeError',
+    'RawCopy',
+    'Rebuffered',
+    'RebufferedBytesIO',
+    'Rebuild',
+    'release_date',
+    'Renamed',
+    'RepeatError',
+    'RepeatUntil',
+    'RestreamData',
+    'Restreamed',
+    'RestreamedBytesIO',
+    'RotationError',
+    'Seek',
+    'Select',
+    'SelectError',
+    'Sequence',
+    'setGlobalPrintFalseFlags',
+    'setGlobalPrintFullStrings',
+    'setGlobalPrintPrivateEntries',
+    'Short',
+    'Single',
+    'SizeofError',
+    'Slicing',
+    'StopFieldError',
+    'StopIf',
+    'stream_iseof',
+    'stream_read',
+    'stream_read_entire',
+    'stream_seek',
+    'stream_size',
+    'stream_tell',
+    'stream_write',
+    'StreamError',
+    'StringEncoded',
+    'StringError',
+    'Struct',
+    'Subconstruct',
+    'sum_',
+    'Switch',
+    'SwitchError',
+    'SymmetricAdapter',
+    'Tell',
+    'Terminated',
+    'TerminatedError',
+    'this',
+    'Timestamp',
+    'TimestampAdapter',
+    'TimestampError',
+    'Transformed',
+    'Tunnel',
+    'Union',
+    'UnionError',
+    'ValidationError',
+    'Validator',
+    'VarInt',
+    'version',
+    'version_string',
+    'ZigZag',
+]
+__all__ += ["Int%s%s%s" % (n,us,bln) for n in (8,16,24,32,64) for us in "us" for bln in "bln"]
+__all__ += ["Float%s%s" % (n,bln) for n in (16,32,64) for bln in "bln"]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca39377
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6111 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import struct, io, binascii, itertools, collections, pickle, sys, os, hashlib, importlib
+
+from construct.lib import *
+from construct.expr import *
+from construct.version import *
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# exceptions
+#===============================================================================
+class ConstructError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, message='', path=None):
+        self.path = path
+        if path is None:
+            super().__init__(message)
+        else:
+            message = "Error in path {}\n".format(path) + message
+            super().__init__(message)
+class SizeofError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class AdaptationError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class ValidationError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class StreamError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class FormatFieldError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class IntegerError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class StringError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class MappingError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class RangeError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class RepeatError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class ConstError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class IndexFieldError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class CheckError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class ExplicitError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class NamedTupleError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class TimestampError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class UnionError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class SelectError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class SwitchError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class StopFieldError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class PaddingError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class TerminatedError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class RawCopyError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class RotationError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class ChecksumError(ConstructError):
+    pass
+class CancelParsing(ConstructError):
+    pass
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# used internally
+#===============================================================================
+def singleton(arg):
+    x = arg()
+    return x
+
+
+def stream_read(stream, length, path):
+    if length < 0:
+        raise StreamError("length must be non-negative, found %s" % length, path=path)
+    try:
+        data = stream.read(length)
+    except Exception:
+        raise StreamError("stream.read() failed, requested %s bytes" % (length,), path=path)
+    if len(data) != length:
+        raise StreamError("stream read less than specified amount, expected %d, found %d" % (length, len(data)), path=path)
+    return data
+
+
+def stream_read_entire(stream, path):
+    try:
+        return stream.read()
+    except Exception:
+        raise StreamError("stream.read() failed when reading until EOF", path=path)
+
+
+def stream_write(stream, data, length, path):
+    if not isinstance(data, bytestringtype):
+        raise StringError("given non-bytes value, perhaps unicode? %r" % (data,), path=path)
+    if length < 0:
+        raise StreamError("length must be non-negative, found %s" % length, path=path)
+    if len(data) != length:
+        raise StreamError("bytes object of wrong length, expected %d, found %d" % (length, len(data)), path=path)
+    try:
+        written = stream.write(data)
+    except Exception:
+        raise StreamError("stream.write() failed, given %r" % (data,), path=path)
+    if written != length:
+        raise StreamError("stream written less than specified, expected %d, written %d" % (length, written), path=path)
+
+
+def stream_seek(stream, offset, whence, path):
+    try:
+        return stream.seek(offset, whence)
+    except Exception:
+        raise StreamError("stream.seek() failed, offset %s, whence %s" % (offset, whence), path=path)
+
+
+def stream_tell(stream, path):
+    try:
+        return stream.tell()
+    except Exception:
+        raise StreamError("stream.tell() failed", path=path)
+
+
+def stream_size(stream):
+    fallback = stream.tell()
+    end = stream.seek(0, 2)
+    stream.seek(fallback)
+    return end
+
+
+def stream_iseof(stream):
+    fallback = stream.tell()
+    data = stream.read(1)
+    stream.seek(fallback)
+    return not data
+
+
+class CodeGen:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.blocks = []
+        self.nextid = 0
+        self.parsercache = {}
+        self.buildercache = {}
+        self.linkedinstances = {}
+        self.linkedparsers = {}
+        self.linkedbuilders = {}
+
+    def allocateId(self):
+        self.nextid += 1
+        return self.nextid
+
+    def append(self, block):
+        block = [s for s in block.splitlines() if s.strip()]
+        firstline = block[0]
+        trim = len(firstline) - len(firstline.lstrip())
+        block = "\n".join(s[trim:] for s in block)
+        if block not in self.blocks:
+            self.blocks.append(block)
+
+    def toString(self):
+        return "\n".join(self.blocks + [""])
+
+
+class KsyGen:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.instances = {}
+        self.enums = {}
+        self.types = {}
+        self.nextid = 0
+
+    def allocateId(self):
+        self.nextid += 1
+        return self.nextid
+
+
+def hyphenatedict(d):
+    return {k.replace("_","-").rstrip("-"):v for k,v in d.items()}
+
+
+def hyphenatelist(l):
+    return [hyphenatedict(d) for d in l]
+
+
+def extractfield(sc):
+    if isinstance(sc, Renamed):
+        return extractfield(sc.subcon)
+    return sc
+
+
+def evaluate(param, context):
+    return param(context) if callable(param) else param
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# abstract constructs
+#===============================================================================
+class Construct(object):
+    r"""
+    The mother of all constructs.
+
+    This object is generally not directly instantiated, and it does not directly implement parsing and building, so it is largely only of interest to subclass implementors. There are also other abstract classes sitting on top of this one.
+
+    The external user API:
+
+    * `parse`
+    * `parse_stream`
+    * `parse_file`
+    * `build`
+    * `build_stream`
+    * `build_file`
+    * `sizeof`
+    * `compile`
+    * `benchmark`
+
+    Subclass authors should not override the external methods. Instead, another API is available:
+
+    * `_parse`
+    * `_build`
+    * `_sizeof`
+    * `_actualsize`
+    * `_emitparse`
+    * `_emitbuild`
+    * `_emitseq`
+    * `_emitprimitivetype`
+    * `_emitfulltype`
+    * `__getstate__`
+    * `__setstate__`
+
+    Attributes and Inheritance:
+
+    All constructs have a name and flags. The name is used for naming struct members and context dictionaries. Note that the name can be a string, or None by default. A single underscore "_" is a reserved name, used as up-level in nested containers. The name should be descriptive, short, and valid as a Python identifier, although these rules are not enforced. The flags specify additional behavioral information about this construct. Flags are used by enclosing constructs to determine a proper course of action. Flags are often inherited from inner subconstructs but that depends on each class.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.name = None
+        self.docs = ""
+        self.flagbuildnone = False
+        self.parsed = None
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<%s%s%s%s>" % (self.__class__.__name__, " "+self.name if self.name else "", " +nonbuild" if self.flagbuildnone else "", " +docs" if self.docs else "", )
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        attrs = {}
+        if hasattr(self, "__dict__"):
+            attrs.update(self.__dict__)
+        slots = []
+        c = self.__class__
+        while c is not None:
+            if hasattr(c, "__slots__"):
+                slots.extend(c.__slots__)
+            c = c.__base__
+        for name in slots:
+            if hasattr(self, name):
+                attrs[name] = getattr(self, name)
+        return attrs
+
+    def __setstate__(self, attrs):
+        for name, value in attrs.items():
+            setattr(self, name, value)
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        self2 = object.__new__(self.__class__)
+        self2.__setstate__(self.__getstate__())
+        return self2
+
+    def parse(self, data, **contextkw):
+        r"""
+        Parse an in-memory buffer (often bytes object). Strings, buffers, memoryviews, and other complete buffers can be parsed with this method.
+
+        Whenever data cannot be read, ConstructError or its derivative is raised. This method is NOT ALLOWED to raise any other exceptions although (1) user-defined lambdas can raise arbitrary exceptions which are propagated (2) external libraries like numpy can raise arbitrary exceptions which are propagated (3) some list and dict lookups can raise IndexError and KeyError which are propagated.
+
+        Context entries are passed only as keyword parameters \*\*contextkw.
+
+        :param \*\*contextkw: context entries, usually empty
+
+        :returns: some value, usually based on bytes read from the stream but sometimes it is computed from nothing or from the context dictionary, sometimes its non-deterministic
+
+        :raises ConstructError: raised for any reason
+        """
+        return self.parse_stream(io.BytesIO(data), **contextkw)
+
+    def parse_stream(self, stream, **contextkw):
+        r"""
+        Parse a stream. Files, pipes, sockets, and other streaming sources of data are handled by this method. See parse().
+        """
+        context = Container(**contextkw)
+        context._parsing = True
+        context._building = False
+        context._sizing = False
+        context._params = context
+        try:
+            return self._parsereport(stream, context, "(parsing)")
+        except CancelParsing:
+            pass
+
+    def parse_file(self, filename, **contextkw):
+        r"""
+        Parse a closed binary file. See parse().
+        """
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            return self.parse_stream(f, **contextkw)
+
+    def _parsereport(self, stream, context, path):
+        obj = self._parse(stream, context, path)
+        if self.parsed is not None:
+            self.parsed(obj, context)
+        return obj
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        """Override in your subclass."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def build(self, obj, **contextkw):
+        r"""
+        Build an object in memory (a bytes object).
+
+        Whenever data cannot be written, ConstructError or its derivative is raised. This method is NOT ALLOWED to raise any other exceptions although (1) user-defined lambdas can raise arbitrary exceptions which are propagated (2) external libraries like numpy can raise arbitrary exceptions which are propagated (3) some list and dict lookups can raise IndexError and KeyError which are propagated.
+
+        Context entries are passed only as keyword parameters \*\*contextkw.
+
+        :param \*\*contextkw: context entries, usually empty
+
+        :returns: bytes
+
+        :raises ConstructError: raised for any reason
+        """
+        stream = io.BytesIO()
+        self.build_stream(obj, stream, **contextkw)
+        return stream.getvalue()
+
+    def build_stream(self, obj, stream, **contextkw):
+        r"""
+        Build an object directly into a stream. See build().
+        """
+        context = Container(**contextkw)
+        context._parsing = False
+        context._building = True
+        context._sizing = False
+        context._params = context
+        self._build(obj, stream, context, "(building)")
+
+    def build_file(self, obj, filename, **contextkw):
+        r"""
+        Build an object into a closed binary file. See build().
+        """
+        # Open the file for reading as well as writing. This allows builders to
+        # read back the stream just written. For example. RawCopy does this.
+        # See issue #888.
+        with open(filename, 'w+b') as f:
+            self.build_stream(obj, f, **contextkw)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        """Override in your subclass."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def sizeof(self, **contextkw):
+        r"""
+        Calculate the size of this object, optionally using a context.
+
+        Some constructs have fixed size (like FormatField), some have variable-size and can determine their size given a context entry (like Bytes(this.otherfield1)), and some cannot determine their size (like VarInt).
+
+        Whenever size cannot be determined, SizeofError is raised. This method is NOT ALLOWED to raise any other exception, even if eg. context dictionary is missing a key, or subcon propagates ConstructError-derivative exception.
+
+        Context entries are passed only as keyword parameters \*\*contextkw.
+
+        :param \*\*contextkw: context entries, usually empty
+
+        :returns: integer if computable, SizeofError otherwise
+
+        :raises SizeofError: size could not be determined in actual context, or is impossible to be determined
+        """
+        context = Container(**contextkw)
+        context._parsing = False
+        context._building = False
+        context._sizing = True
+        context._params = context
+        return self._sizeof(context, "(sizeof)")
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        """Override in your subclass."""
+        raise SizeofError(path=path)
+
+    def _actualsize(self, stream, context, path):
+        return self._sizeof(context, path)
+
+    def compile(self, filename=None):
+        """
+        Transforms a construct into another construct that does same thing (has same parsing and building semantics) but is much faster when parsing. Already compiled instances just compile into itself.
+
+        Optionally, partial source code can be saved to a text file. This is meant only to inspect the generated code, not to import it from external scripts.
+
+        :returns: Compiled instance
+        """
+
+        code = CodeGen()
+        code.append("""
+            # generated by Construct, this source is for inspection only! do not import!
+
+            from construct import *
+            from construct.lib import *
+            from io import BytesIO
+            import struct
+            import collections
+            import itertools
+
+            def restream(data, func):
+                return func(BytesIO(data))
+            def reuse(obj, func):
+                return func(obj)
+
+            linkedinstances = {}
+            linkedparsers = {}
+            linkedbuilders = {}
+
+            len_ = len
+            sum_ = sum
+            min_ = min
+            max_ = max
+            abs_ = abs
+        """)
+        code.append(f"""
+            def parseall(io, this):
+                return {self._compileparse(code)}
+            def buildall(obj, io, this):
+                return {self._compilebuild(code)}
+            compiled = Compiled(parseall, buildall)
+        """)
+        source = code.toString()
+
+        if filename:
+            with open(filename, "wt") as f:
+                f.write(source)
+
+        modulename = hexlify(hashlib.sha1(source.encode()).digest()).decode()
+        module_spec = importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec(modulename, None)
+        module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(module_spec)
+        c = compile(source, '', 'exec')
+        exec(c, module.__dict__)
+
+        module.linkedinstances = code.linkedinstances
+        module.linkedparsers = code.linkedparsers
+        module.linkedbuilders = code.linkedbuilders
+        compiled = module.compiled
+        compiled.source = source
+        compiled.module = module
+        compiled.modulename = modulename
+        compiled.defersubcon = self
+        return compiled
+
+    def _compileinstance(self, code):
+        """Used internally."""
+        if id(self) in code.linkedinstances:
+            return
+        code.append(f"""
+            # linkedinstances[{id(self)}] is {self}
+        """)
+        field = extractfield(self)
+        code.linkedinstances[id(self)] = field
+        code.linkedparsers[id(self)] = field._parse
+        code.linkedbuilders[id(self)] = field._build
+
+    def _compileparse(self, code):
+        """Used internally."""
+        try:
+            if id(self) in code.parsercache:
+                return code.parsercache[id(self)]
+            emitted = self._emitparse(code)
+            code.parsercache[id(self)] = emitted
+            return emitted
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            self._compileinstance(code)
+            return f"linkedparsers[{id(self)}](io, this, '(???)')"
+
+    def _compilebuild(self, code):
+        """Used internally."""
+        try:
+            if id(self) in code.buildercache:
+                return code.buildercache[id(self)]
+            emitted = self._emitbuild(code)
+            code.buildercache[id(self)] = emitted
+            return emitted
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            self._compileinstance(code)
+            return f"linkedbuilders[{id(self)}](obj, io, this, '(???)')"
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        """Override in your subclass."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        """Override in your subclass."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def benchmark(self, sampledata, filename=None):
+        """
+        Measures performance of your construct (its parsing and building runtime), both for the original instance and the compiled instance. Uses timeit module, over at min 1 loop, and at max over 100 millisecond time.
+
+        Optionally, results are saved to a text file for later inspection. Otherwise you can print the resulting string to terminal.
+
+        :param sampledata: bytes, a valid blob parsable by this construct
+        :param filename: optional, string, results are saved to that file
+
+        :returns: string containing measurements
+        """
+        from timeit import timeit
+
+        sampleobj = self.parse(sampledata)
+        parsetime = timeit(lambda: self.parse(sampledata), number=1)
+        runs = int(0.1/parsetime)
+        if runs > 1:
+            parsetime = timeit(lambda: self.parse(sampledata), number=runs)/runs
+        parsetime = "{:.10f} sec/call".format(parsetime)
+
+        self.build(sampleobj)
+        buildtime = timeit(lambda: self.build(sampleobj), number=1)
+        runs = int(0.1/buildtime)
+        if runs > 1:
+            buildtime = timeit(lambda: self.build(sampleobj), number=runs)/runs
+        buildtime = "{:.10f} sec/call".format(buildtime)
+
+        compiled = self.compile()
+        compiled.parse(sampledata)
+        parsetime2 = timeit(lambda: compiled.parse(sampledata), number=1)
+        runs = int(0.1/parsetime2)
+        if runs > 1:
+            parsetime2 = timeit(lambda: compiled.parse(sampledata), number=runs)/runs
+        parsetime2 = "{:.10f} sec/call".format(parsetime2)
+
+        compiled.build(sampleobj)
+        buildtime2 = timeit(lambda: compiled.build(sampleobj), number=1)
+        runs = int(0.1/buildtime2)
+        if runs > 1:
+            buildtime2 = timeit(lambda: compiled.build(sampleobj), number=runs)/runs
+        buildtime2 = "{:.10f} sec/call".format(buildtime2)
+
+        lines = [
+            "Compiled instance performance:",
+            "parsing:            {}",
+            "parsing compiled:   {}",
+            "building:           {}",
+            "building compiled:  {}",
+            ""
+        ]
+        results = "\n".join(lines).format(parsetime, parsetime2, buildtime, buildtime2)
+
+        if filename:
+            with open(filename, "wt") as f:
+                f.write(results)
+
+        return results
+
+    def export_ksy(self, schemaname="unnamed_schema", filename=None):
+        from ruamel.yaml import YAML
+        yaml = YAML()
+        yaml.default_flow_style = False
+        output = io.StringIO()
+        gen = KsyGen()
+        main = dict(meta=dict(id=schemaname), seq=self._compileseq(gen), instances=gen.instances, enums=gen.enums, types=gen.types)
+        yaml.dump(main, output)
+        source = output.getvalue()
+
+        if filename:
+            with open(filename, "wt") as f:
+                f.write(source)
+        return source
+
+    def _compileseq(self, ksy, bitwise=False, recursion=0):
+        if recursion >= 3:
+            raise ConstructError("construct does not implement KSY export")
+        try:
+            return hyphenatelist(self._emitseq(ksy, bitwise))
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            return [dict(id="x", **self._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise, recursion+1))]
+
+    def _compileprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise=False, recursion=0):
+        if recursion >= 3:
+            raise ConstructError("construct does not implement KSY export")
+        try:
+            return self._emitprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            name = "type_%s" % ksy.allocateId()
+            ksy.types[name] = dict(seq=self._compileseq(ksy, bitwise, recursion+1))
+            return name
+
+    def _compilefulltype(self, ksy, bitwise=False, recursion=0):
+        if recursion >= 3:
+            raise ConstructError("construct does not implement KSY export")
+        try:
+            return hyphenatedict(self._emitfulltype(ksy, bitwise))
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            return dict(type=self._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise, recursion+1))
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        """Override in your subclass."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        """Override in your subclass."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        """Override in your subclass."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __rtruediv__(self, name):
+        """
+        Used for renaming subcons, usually part of a Struct, like Struct("index" / Byte).
+        """
+        return Renamed(self, newname=name)
+
+    __rdiv__ = __rtruediv__
+
+    def __mul__(self, other):
+        """
+        Used for adding docstrings and parsed hooks to subcons, like "field" / Byte * "docstring" * processfunc.
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, stringtypes):
+            return Renamed(self, newdocs=other)
+        if callable(other):
+            return Renamed(self, newparsed=other)
+        raise ConstructError("operator * can only be used with string or lambda")
+
+    def __rmul__(self, other):
+        """
+        Used for adding docstrings and parsed hooks to subcons, like "field" / Byte * "docstring" * processfunc.
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, stringtypes):
+            return Renamed(self, newdocs=other)
+        if callable(other):
+            return Renamed(self, newparsed=other)
+        raise ConstructError("operator * can only be used with string or lambda")
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        """
+        Used for making Struct like ("index"/Byte + "prefix"/Byte).
+        """
+        lhs = self.subcons  if isinstance(self,  Struct) else [self]
+        rhs = other.subcons if isinstance(other, Struct) else [other]
+        return Struct(*(lhs + rhs))
+
+    def __rshift__(self, other):
+        """
+        Used for making Sequences like (Byte >> Short).
+        """
+        lhs = self.subcons  if isinstance(self,  Sequence) else [self]
+        rhs = other.subcons if isinstance(other, Sequence) else [other]
+        return Sequence(*(lhs + rhs))
+
+    def __getitem__(self, count):
+        """
+        Used for making Arrays like Byte[5] and Byte[this.count].
+        """
+        if isinstance(count, slice):
+            raise ConstructError("subcon[N] syntax can only be used for Arrays, use GreedyRange(subcon) instead?")
+        if isinstance(count, int) or callable(count):
+            return Array(count, self)
+        raise ConstructError("subcon[N] syntax expects integer or context lambda")
+
+
+class Subconstruct(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Abstract subconstruct (wraps an inner construct, inheriting its name and flags). Parsing and building is by default deferred to subcon, same as sizeof.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    """
+    def __init__(self, subcon):
+        if not isinstance(subcon, Construct):
+            raise TypeError("subcon should be a Construct field")
+        super().__init__()
+        self.subcon = subcon
+        self.flagbuildnone = subcon.flagbuildnone
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<%s%s%s%s %s>" % (self.__class__.__name__, " "+self.name if self.name else "", " +nonbuild" if self.flagbuildnone else "", " +docs" if self.docs else "", repr(self.subcon), )
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+
+
+class Adapter(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Abstract adapter class.
+
+    Needs to implement `_decode()` for parsing and `_encode()` for building.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    """
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        obj = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+        return self._decode(obj, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        obj2 = self._encode(obj, context, path)
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj2, stream, context, path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class SymmetricAdapter(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Abstract adapter class.
+
+    Needs to implement `_decode()` only, for both parsing and building.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    """
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        return self._decode(obj, context, path)
+
+
+class Validator(SymmetricAdapter):
+    r"""
+    Abstract class that validates a condition on the encoded/decoded object.
+
+    Needs to implement `_validate()` that returns a bool (or a truthy value)
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    """
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        if not self._validate(obj, context, path):
+            raise ValidationError("object failed validation: %s" % (obj,), path=path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _validate(self, obj, context, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Tunnel(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Abstract class that allows other constructs to read part of the stream as if they were reading the entire stream. See Prefixed for example.
+
+    Needs to implement `_decode()` for parsing and `_encode()` for building.
+    """
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        data = stream_read_entire(stream, path)  # reads entire stream
+        data = self._decode(data, context, path)
+        return self.subcon.parse(data, **context)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        stream2 = io.BytesIO()
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream2, context, path)
+        data = stream2.getvalue()
+        data = self._encode(data, context, path)
+        stream_write(stream, data, len(data), path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError(path=path)
+
+    def _decode(self, data, context, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _encode(self, data, context, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Compiled(Construct):
+    """Used internally."""
+
+    def __init__(self, parsefunc, buildfunc):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.source = None
+        self.defersubcon = None
+        self.parsefunc = parsefunc
+        self.buildfunc = buildfunc
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        return self.parsefunc(stream, context)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return self.buildfunc(obj, stream, context)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return self.defersubcon._sizeof(context, path)
+
+    def compile(self, filename=None):
+        return self
+
+    def benchmark(self, sampledata, filename=None):
+        return self.defersubcon.benchmark(sampledata, filename)
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# bytes and bits
+#===============================================================================
+class Bytes(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Field consisting of a specified number of bytes.
+
+    Parses into a bytes (of given length). Builds into the stream directly (but checks that given object matches specified length). Can also build from an integer for convenience (although BytesInteger should be used instead). Size is the specified length.
+
+    Can also build from a bytearray.
+
+    :param length: integer or context lambda
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises StringError: building from non-bytes value, perhaps unicode
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Bytes(4)
+        >>> d.parse(b'beef')
+        b'beef'
+        >>> d.build(b'beef')
+        b'beef'
+        >>> d.build(0)
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        4
+
+        >>> d = Struct(
+        ...     "length" / Int8ub,
+        ...     "data" / Bytes(this.length),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x04beef")
+        Container(length=4, data=b'beef')
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        construct.core.SizeofError: cannot calculate size, key not found in context
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, length):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.length = length
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        length = self.length(context) if callable(self.length) else self.length
+        return stream_read(stream, length, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        length = self.length(context) if callable(self.length) else self.length
+        data = integer2bytes(obj, length) if isinstance(obj, int) else obj
+        data = bytes(data) if type(data) is bytearray else data
+        stream_write(stream, data, length, path)
+        return data
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        try:
+            return self.length(context) if callable(self.length) else self.length
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"io.read({self.length})"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"(io.write(obj), obj)[1]"
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(size=self.length)
+
+
+@singleton
+class GreedyBytes(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Field consisting of unknown number of bytes.
+
+    Parses the stream to the end. Builds into the stream directly (without checks). Size is undefined.
+
+    Can also build from a bytearray.
+
+    :raises StreamError: stream failed when reading until EOF
+    :raises StringError: building from non-bytes value, perhaps unicode
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> GreedyBytes.parse(b"asislight")
+        b'asislight'
+        >>> GreedyBytes.build(b"asislight")
+        b'asislight'
+    """
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        return stream_read_entire(stream, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        data = bytes(obj) if type(obj) is bytearray else obj
+        stream_write(stream, data, len(data), path)
+        return data
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"io.read()"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"(io.write(obj), obj)[1]"
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(size_eos=True)
+
+
+def Bitwise(subcon):
+    r"""
+    Converts the stream from bytes to bits, and passes the bitstream to underlying subcon. Bitstream is a stream that contains 8 times as many bytes, and each byte is either \\x00 or \\x01 (in documentation those bytes are called bits).
+
+    Parsing building and size are deferred to subcon, although size gets divided by 8 (therefore the subcon's size must be a multiple of 8).
+    
+    Note that by default the bit ordering is from MSB to LSB for every byte (ie. bit-level big-endian). If you need it reversed, wrap this subcon with :class:`construct.core.BitsSwapped`.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, any field that works with bits (like BitsInteger) or is bit-byte agnostic (like Struct or Flag)
+
+    See :class:`~construct.core.Transformed` and :class:`~construct.core.Restreamed` for raisable exceptions.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Bitwise(Struct(
+        ...     'a' / Nibble,
+        ...     'b' / Bytewise(Float32b),
+        ...     'c' / Padding(4),
+        ... ))
+        >>> d.parse(bytes(5))
+        Container(a=0, b=0.0, c=None)
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        5
+
+    Obtaining other byte or bit orderings::
+
+        >>> d = Bitwise(Bytes(16))
+        >>> d.parse(b'\x01\x03')
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x01'
+        >>> d = BitsSwapped(Bitwise(Bytes(16)))
+        >>> d.parse(b'\x01\x03')
+        b'\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+    """
+
+    try:
+        size = subcon.sizeof()
+        macro = Transformed(subcon, bytes2bits, size//8, bits2bytes, size//8)
+    except SizeofError:
+        macro = Restreamed(subcon, bytes2bits, 1, bits2bytes, 8, lambda n: n//8)
+    def _emitseq(ksy, bitwise):
+        return subcon._compileseq(ksy, bitwise=True)
+    def _emitprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise=True)
+    def _emitfulltype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise=True)
+    macro._emitseq = _emitseq
+    macro._emitprimitivetype = _emitprimitivetype
+    macro._emitfulltype = _emitfulltype
+    return macro
+
+
+def Bytewise(subcon):
+    r"""
+    Converts the bitstream back to normal byte stream. Must be used within :class:`~construct.core.Bitwise`.
+
+    Parsing building and size are deferred to subcon, although size gets multiplied by 8.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, any field that works with bytes or is bit-byte agnostic
+
+    See :class:`~construct.core.Transformed` and :class:`~construct.core.Restreamed` for raisable exceptions.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Bitwise(Struct(
+        ...     'a' / Nibble,
+        ...     'b' / Bytewise(Float32b),
+        ...     'c' / Padding(4),
+        ... ))
+        >>> d.parse(bytes(5))
+        Container(a=0, b=0.0, c=None)
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        5
+    """
+
+    try:
+        size = subcon.sizeof()
+        macro = Transformed(subcon, bits2bytes, size*8, bytes2bits, size*8)
+    except SizeofError:
+        macro = Restreamed(subcon, bits2bytes, 8, bytes2bits, 1, lambda n: n*8)
+    def _emitseq(ksy, bitwise):
+        return subcon._compileseq(ksy, bitwise=False)
+    def _emitprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise=False)
+    def _emitfulltype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise=False)
+    macro._emitseq = _emitseq
+    macro._emitprimitivetype = _emitprimitivetype
+    macro._emitfulltype = _emitfulltype
+    return macro
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# integers and floats
+#===============================================================================
+class FormatField(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Field that uses `struct` module to pack and unpack CPU-sized integers and floats and booleans. This is used to implement most Int* Float* fields, but for example cannot pack 24-bit integers, which is left to :class:`~construct.core.BytesInteger` class. For booleans I also recommend using Flag class instead.
+
+    See `struct module <https://docs.python.org/3/library/struct.html>`_ documentation for instructions on crafting format strings.
+
+    Parses into an integer or float or boolean. Builds from an integer or float or boolean into specified byte count and endianness. Size is determined by `struct` module according to specified format string.
+
+    :param endianity: string, character like: < > =
+    :param format: string, character like: B H L Q b h l q e f d ?
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises FormatFieldError: wrong format string, or struct.(un)pack complained about the value
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = FormatField(">", "H") or Int16ub
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01\x00")
+        256
+        >>> d.build(256)
+        b"\x01\x00"
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        2
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, endianity, format):
+        if endianity not in list("=<>"):
+            raise FormatFieldError("endianity must be like: = < >", endianity)
+        if format not in list("fdBHLQbhlqe?"):
+            raise FormatFieldError("format must be like: B H L Q b h l q e f d ?", format)
+
+        super().__init__()
+        self.fmtstr = endianity+format
+        self.length = struct.calcsize(endianity+format)
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        data = stream_read(stream, self.length, path)
+        try:
+            return struct.unpack(self.fmtstr, data)[0]
+        except Exception:
+            raise FormatFieldError("struct %r error during parsing" % self.fmtstr, path=path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        try:
+            data = struct.pack(self.fmtstr, obj)
+        except Exception:
+            raise FormatFieldError("struct %r error during building, given value %r" % (self.fmtstr, obj), path=path)
+        stream_write(stream, data, self.length, path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return self.length
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        fname = f"formatfield_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{fname} = struct.Struct({repr(self.fmtstr)})")
+        return f"{fname}.unpack(io.read({self.length}))[0]"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        fname = f"formatfield_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{fname} = struct.Struct({repr(self.fmtstr)})")
+        return f"(io.write({fname}.pack(obj)), obj)[1]"
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        endianity,format = self.fmtstr
+        signed = format.islower()
+        swapped = (endianity == "<") or (endianity == "=" and sys.byteorder == "little")
+        if format in "bhlqBHLQ":
+            if bitwise:
+                assert not signed
+                assert not swapped
+                return "b%s" % (8*self.length, )
+            else:
+                return "%s%s%s" % ("s" if signed else "u", self.length, "le" if swapped else "be", )
+        if format in "fd":
+            assert not bitwise
+            return "f%s%s" % (self.length, "le" if swapped else "be", )
+
+
+class BytesInteger(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Field that packs integers of arbitrary size. Int24* fields use this class.
+
+    Parses into an integer. Builds from an integer into specified byte count and endianness. Size is specified in ctor.
+
+    Analog to :class:`~construct.core.BitsInteger` which operates on bits. In fact::
+
+        BytesInteger(n) <--> Bitwise(BitsInteger(8*n))
+        BitsInteger(8*n) <--> Bytewise(BytesInteger(n))
+
+    Byte ordering refers to bytes (chunks of 8 bits) so, for example::
+
+        BytesInteger(n, swapped=True) <--> Bitwise(BitsInteger(8*n, swapped=True))
+
+    :param length: integer or context lambda, number of bytes in the field
+    :param signed: bool, whether the value is signed (two's complement), default is False (unsigned)
+    :param swapped: bool or context lambda, whether to swap byte order (little endian), default is False (big endian)
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises IntegerError: length is negative
+    :raises IntegerError: value is not an integer
+    :raises IntegerError: number does not fit given width and signed parameters
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = BytesInteger(4) or Int32ub
+        >>> d.parse(b"abcd")
+        1633837924
+        >>> d.build(1)
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x01'
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        4
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, length, signed=False, swapped=False):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.length = length
+        self.signed = signed
+        self.swapped = swapped
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+        if length < 0:
+            raise IntegerError(f"length {length} must be non-negative", path=path)
+        data = stream_read(stream, length, path)
+        if evaluate(self.swapped, context):
+            data = swapbytes(data)
+        try:
+            return bytes2integer(data, self.signed)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise IntegerError(str(e), path=path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        if not isinstance(obj, integertypes):
+            raise IntegerError(f"value {obj} is not an integer", path=path)
+        if obj < 0 and not self.signed:
+            raise IntegerError(f"value {obj} is negative but signed is false", path=path)
+        length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+        if length < 0:
+            raise IntegerError(f"length {length} must be non-negative", path=path)
+        try:
+            data = integer2bytes(obj, length, self.signed)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise IntegerError(str(e), path=path)
+        if evaluate(self.swapped, context):
+            data = swapbytes(data)
+        stream_write(stream, data, length, path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        try:
+            return evaluate(self.length, context)
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"bytes2integer(swapbytes(io.read({self.length})) if {self.swapped} else io.read({self.length}), {self.signed})"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"((io.write(swapbytes(integer2bytes(obj, {self.length}, {self.signed})) if ({self.swapped}) else integer2bytes(obj, {self.length}, {self.signed}))), obj)[1]"
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        if bitwise:
+            assert not self.signed
+            assert not self.swapped
+            return "b%s" % (8*self.length, )
+        else:
+            assert not callable(self.swapped)
+            return "%s%s%s" % ("s" if self.signed else "u", self.length, "le" if self.swapped else "be", )
+
+
+class BitsInteger(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Field that packs arbitrarily large (or small) integers. Some fields (Bit Nibble Octet) use this class. Must be enclosed in :class:`~construct.core.Bitwise` context.
+
+    Parses into an integer. Builds from an integer into specified bit count and endianness. Size (in bits) is specified in ctor.
+
+    Analog to :class:`~construct.core.BytesInteger` which operates on bytes. In fact::
+
+        BytesInteger(n) <--> Bitwise(BitsInteger(8*n))
+        BitsInteger(8*n) <--> Bytewise(BytesInteger(n))
+
+    Note that little-endianness is only defined for multiples of 8 bits.
+
+    Byte ordering (i.e. `swapped` parameter) refers to bytes (chunks of 8 bits) so, for example::
+
+        BytesInteger(n, swapped=True) <--> Bitwise(BitsInteger(8*n, swapped=True))
+
+    Swapped argument was recently fixed. To obtain previous (faulty) behavior, you can use `ByteSwapped`, `BitsSwapped` and `Bitwise` in whatever particular order (see examples).
+
+    :param length: integer or context lambda, number of bits in the field
+    :param signed: bool, whether the value is signed (two's complement), default is False (unsigned)
+    :param swapped: bool or context lambda, whether to swap byte order (little endian), default is False (big endian)
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises IntegerError: length is negative
+    :raises IntegerError: value is not an integer
+    :raises IntegerError: number does not fit given width and signed parameters
+    :raises IntegerError: little-endianness selected but length is not multiple of 8 bits
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Examples::
+
+        >>> d = Bitwise(BitsInteger(8)) or Bitwise(Octet)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x10")
+        16
+        >>> d.build(255)
+        b'\xff'
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        1
+
+    Obtaining other byte or bit orderings::
+
+        >>> d = BitsInteger(2)
+        >>> d.parse(b'\x01\x00') # Bit-Level Big-Endian
+        2
+        >>> d = ByteSwapped(BitsInteger(2))
+        >>> d.parse(b'\x01\x00') # Bit-Level Little-Endian
+        1
+        >>> d = BitsInteger(16) # Byte-Level Big-Endian, Bit-Level Big-Endian
+        >>> d.build(5 + 19*256)
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01'
+        >>> d = BitsInteger(16, swapped=True) # Byte-Level Little-Endian, Bit-Level Big-Endian
+        >>> d.build(5 + 19*256)
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x01\x01'
+        >>> d = ByteSwapped(BitsInteger(16)) # Byte-Level Little-Endian, Bit-Level Little-Endian
+        >>> d.build(5 + 19*256)
+        b'\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00'
+        >>> d = ByteSwapped(BitsInteger(16, swapped=True)) # Byte-Level Big-Endian, Bit-Level Little-Endian
+        >>> d.build(5 + 19*256)
+        b'\x01\x01\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, length, signed=False, swapped=False):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.length = length
+        self.signed = signed
+        self.swapped = swapped
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+        if length < 0:
+            raise IntegerError(f"length {length} must be non-negative", path=path)
+        data = stream_read(stream, length, path)
+        if evaluate(self.swapped, context):
+            if length % 8:
+                raise IntegerError(f"little-endianness is only defined if {length} is multiple of 8 bits", path=path)
+            data = swapbytesinbits(data)
+        try:
+            return bits2integer(data, self.signed)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise IntegerError(str(e), path=path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        if not isinstance(obj, integertypes):
+            raise IntegerError(f"value {obj} is not an integer", path=path)
+        if obj < 0 and not self.signed:
+            raise IntegerError(f"value {obj} is negative but signed is false", path=path)
+        length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+        if length < 0:
+            raise IntegerError(f"length {length} must be non-negative", path=path)
+        try:
+            data = integer2bits(obj, length, self.signed)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise IntegerError(str(e), path=path)
+        if evaluate(self.swapped, context):
+            if length % 8:
+                raise IntegerError(f"little-endianness is only defined if {length} is multiple of 8 bits", path=path)
+            data = swapbytesinbits(data)
+        stream_write(stream, data, length, path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        try:
+            return evaluate(self.length, context)
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"bits2integer(swapbytesinbits(io.read({self.length})) if {self.swapped} else io.read({self.length}), {self.signed})"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"((io.write(swapbytesinbits(integer2bits(obj, {self.length}, {self.signed})) if ({self.swapped}) else integer2bits(obj, {self.length}, {self.signed}))), obj)[1]"
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        assert not self.signed
+        assert not self.swapped
+        return "b%s" % (self.length, )
+
+
+@singleton
+def Bit():
+    """A 1-bit integer, must be enclosed in a Bitwise (eg. BitStruct)"""
+    return BitsInteger(1)
+@singleton
+def Nibble():
+    """A 4-bit integer, must be enclosed in a Bitwise (eg. BitStruct)"""
+    return BitsInteger(4)
+@singleton
+def Octet():
+    """A 8-bit integer, must be enclosed in a Bitwise (eg. BitStruct)"""
+    return BitsInteger(8)
+
+@singleton
+def Int8ub():
+    """Unsigned, big endian 8-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField(">", "B")
+@singleton
+def Int16ub():
+    """Unsigned, big endian 16-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField(">", "H")
+@singleton
+def Int32ub():
+    """Unsigned, big endian 32-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField(">", "L")
+@singleton
+def Int64ub():
+    """Unsigned, big endian 64-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField(">", "Q")
+
+@singleton
+def Int8sb():
+    """Signed, big endian 8-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField(">", "b")
+@singleton
+def Int16sb():
+    """Signed, big endian 16-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField(">", "h")
+@singleton
+def Int32sb():
+    """Signed, big endian 32-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField(">", "l")
+@singleton
+def Int64sb():
+    """Signed, big endian 64-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField(">", "q")
+
+@singleton
+def Int8ul():
+    """Unsigned, little endian 8-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("<", "B")
+@singleton
+def Int16ul():
+    """Unsigned, little endian 16-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("<", "H")
+@singleton
+def Int32ul():
+    """Unsigned, little endian 32-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("<", "L")
+@singleton
+def Int64ul():
+    """Unsigned, little endian 64-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("<", "Q")
+
+@singleton
+def Int8sl():
+    """Signed, little endian 8-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("<", "b")
+@singleton
+def Int16sl():
+    """Signed, little endian 16-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("<", "h")
+@singleton
+def Int32sl():
+    """Signed, little endian 32-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("<", "l")
+@singleton
+def Int64sl():
+    """Signed, little endian 64-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("<", "q")
+
+@singleton
+def Int8un():
+    """Unsigned, native endianity 8-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("=", "B")
+@singleton
+def Int16un():
+    """Unsigned, native endianity 16-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("=", "H")
+@singleton
+def Int32un():
+    """Unsigned, native endianity 32-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("=", "L")
+@singleton
+def Int64un():
+    """Unsigned, native endianity 64-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("=", "Q")
+
+@singleton
+def Int8sn():
+    """Signed, native endianity 8-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("=", "b")
+@singleton
+def Int16sn():
+    """Signed, native endianity 16-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("=", "h")
+@singleton
+def Int32sn():
+    """Signed, native endianity 32-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("=", "l")
+@singleton
+def Int64sn():
+    """Signed, native endianity 64-bit integer"""
+    return FormatField("=", "q")
+
+Byte  = Int8ub
+Short = Int16ub
+Int   = Int32ub
+Long  = Int64ub
+
+@singleton
+def Float16b():
+    """Big endian, 16-bit IEEE 754 floating point number"""
+    return FormatField(">", "e")
+@singleton
+def Float16l():
+    """Little endian, 16-bit IEEE 754 floating point number"""
+    return FormatField("<", "e")
+@singleton
+def Float16n():
+    """Native endianity, 16-bit IEEE 754 floating point number"""
+    return FormatField("=", "e")
+
+@singleton
+def Float32b():
+    """Big endian, 32-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+    return FormatField(">", "f")
+@singleton
+def Float32l():
+    """Little endian, 32-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+    return FormatField("<", "f")
+@singleton
+def Float32n():
+    """Native endianity, 32-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+    return FormatField("=", "f")
+
+@singleton
+def Float64b():
+    """Big endian, 64-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+    return FormatField(">", "d")
+@singleton
+def Float64l():
+    """Little endian, 64-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+    return FormatField("<", "d")
+@singleton
+def Float64n():
+    """Native endianity, 64-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+    return FormatField("=", "d")
+
+Half = Float16b
+Single = Float32b
+Double = Float64b
+
+native = (sys.byteorder == "little")
+
+@singleton
+def Int24ub():
+    """A 3-byte big-endian unsigned integer, as used in ancient file formats."""
+    return BytesInteger(3, signed=False, swapped=False)
+@singleton
+def Int24ul():
+    """A 3-byte little-endian unsigned integer, as used in ancient file formats."""
+    return BytesInteger(3, signed=False, swapped=True)
+@singleton
+def Int24un():
+    """A 3-byte native-endian unsigned integer, as used in ancient file formats."""
+    return BytesInteger(3, signed=False, swapped=native)
+@singleton
+def Int24sb():
+    """A 3-byte big-endian signed integer, as used in ancient file formats."""
+    return BytesInteger(3, signed=True, swapped=False)
+@singleton
+def Int24sl():
+    """A 3-byte little-endian signed integer, as used in ancient file formats."""
+    return BytesInteger(3, signed=True, swapped=True)
+@singleton
+def Int24sn():
+    """A 3-byte native-endian signed integer, as used in ancient file formats."""
+    return BytesInteger(3, signed=True, swapped=native)
+
+
+@singleton
+class VarInt(Construct):
+    r"""
+    VarInt encoded unsigned integer. Each 7 bits of the number are encoded in one byte of the stream, where leftmost bit (MSB) is unset when byte is terminal. Scheme is defined at Google site related to `Protocol Buffers <https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/encoding>`_.
+
+    Can only encode non-negative numbers.
+
+    Parses into an integer. Builds from an integer. Size is undefined.
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises IntegerError: given a negative value, or not an integer
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> VarInt.build(1)
+        b'\x01'
+        >>> VarInt.build(2**100)
+        b'\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x04'
+    """
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        acc = []
+        while True:
+            b = byte2int(stream_read(stream, 1, path))
+            acc.append(b & 0b01111111)
+            if b & 0b10000000 == 0:
+                break
+        num = 0
+        for b in reversed(acc):
+            num = (num << 7) | b
+        return num
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        if not isinstance(obj, integertypes):
+            raise IntegerError(f"value {obj} is not an integer", path=path)
+        if obj < 0:
+            raise IntegerError(f"VarInt cannot build from negative number {obj}", path=path)
+        x = obj
+        B = bytearray()
+        while x > 0b01111111:
+            B.append(0b10000000 | (x & 0b01111111))
+            x >>= 7
+        B.append(x)
+        stream_write(stream, bytes(B), len(B), path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return "vlq_base128_le"
+
+
+@singleton
+class ZigZag(Construct):
+    r"""
+    ZigZag encoded signed integer. This is a variant of VarInt encoding that also can encode negative numbers. Scheme is defined at Google site related to `Protocol Buffers <https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/encoding>`_.
+
+    Can encode negative numbers.
+
+    Parses into an integer. Builds from an integer. Size is undefined.
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises IntegerError: given not an integer
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> ZigZag.build(-3)
+        b'\x05'
+        >>> ZigZag.build(3)
+        b'\x06'
+    """
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        x = VarInt._parse(stream, context, path)
+        if x & 1 == 0:
+            x = x//2
+        else:
+            x = -(x//2+1)
+        return x
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        if not isinstance(obj, integertypes):
+            raise IntegerError(f"value {obj} is not an integer", path=path)
+        if obj >= 0:
+            x = 2*obj
+        else:
+            x = 2*abs(obj)-1
+        VarInt._build(x, stream, context, path)
+        return obj
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# strings
+#===============================================================================
+
+#: Explicitly supported encodings (by PaddedString and CString classes).
+#:
+possiblestringencodings = dict(
+    ascii=1,
+    utf8=1, utf_8=1, u8=1,
+    utf16=2, utf_16=2, u16=2, utf_16_be=2, utf_16_le=2,
+    utf32=4, utf_32=4, u32=4, utf_32_be=4, utf_32_le=4,
+)
+
+
+def encodingunit(encoding):
+    """Used internally."""
+    encoding = encoding.replace("-","_").lower()
+    if encoding not in possiblestringencodings:
+        raise StringError("encoding %r not found among %r" % (encoding, possiblestringencodings,))
+    return bytes(possiblestringencodings[encoding])
+
+
+class StringEncoded(Adapter):
+    """Used internally."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, encoding):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        if not encoding:
+            raise StringError("String* classes require explicit encoding")
+        self.encoding = encoding
+
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        return obj.decode(self.encoding)
+
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        if not isinstance(obj, unicodestringtype):
+            raise StringError("string encoding failed, expected unicode string", path=path)
+        if obj == u"":
+            return b""
+        return obj.encode(self.encoding)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"({self.subcon._compileparse(code)}).decode({repr(self.encoding)})"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+        # This is not a valid implementation. obj.encode() should be inserted into subcon
+        # return f"({self.subcon._compilebuild(code)}).encode({repr(self.encoding)})"
+
+
+def PaddedString(length, encoding):
+    r"""
+    Configurable, fixed-length or variable-length string field.
+
+    When parsing, the byte string is stripped of null bytes (per encoding unit), then decoded. Length is an integer or context lambda. When building, the string is encoded and then padded to specified length. If encoded string is larger than the specified length, it fails with PaddingError. Size is same as length parameter.
+
+    .. warning:: PaddedString and CString only support encodings explicitly listed in :class:`~construct.core.possiblestringencodings` .
+
+    :param length: integer or context lambda, length in bytes (not unicode characters)
+    :param encoding: string like: utf8 utf16 utf32 ascii
+
+    :raises StringError: building a non-unicode string
+    :raises StringError: selected encoding is not on supported list
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = PaddedString(10, "utf8")
+        >>> d.build(u"Афон")
+        b'\xd0\x90\xd1\x84\xd0\xbe\xd0\xbd\x00\x00'
+        >>> d.parse(_)
+        u'Афон'
+    """
+    macro = StringEncoded(FixedSized(length, NullStripped(GreedyBytes, pad=encodingunit(encoding))), encoding)
+    def _emitfulltype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(size=length, type="strz", encoding=encoding)
+    macro._emitfulltype = _emitfulltype
+    return macro
+
+
+def PascalString(lengthfield, encoding):
+    r"""
+    Length-prefixed string. The length field can be variable length (such as VarInt) or fixed length (such as Int64ub). :class:`~construct.core.VarInt` is recommended when designing new protocols. Stored length is in bytes, not characters. Size is not defined.
+
+    :param lengthfield: Construct instance, field used to parse and build the length (like VarInt Int64ub)
+    :param encoding: string like: utf8 utf16 utf32 ascii
+
+    :raises StringError: building a non-unicode string
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = PascalString(VarInt, "utf8")
+        >>> d.build(u"Афон")
+        b'\x08\xd0\x90\xd1\x84\xd0\xbe\xd0\xbd'
+        >>> d.parse(_)
+        u'Афон'
+    """
+    macro = StringEncoded(Prefixed(lengthfield, GreedyBytes), encoding)
+
+    def _emitparse(code):
+        return f"io.read({lengthfield._compileparse(code)}).decode({repr(encoding)})"
+    macro._emitparse = _emitparse
+
+    def _emitseq(ksy, bitwise):
+        return [
+            dict(id="lengthfield", type=lengthfield._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)), 
+            dict(id="data", size="lengthfield", type="str", encoding=encoding),
+        ]
+    macro._emitseq = _emitseq
+
+    return macro
+
+
+def CString(encoding):
+    r"""
+    String ending in a terminating null byte (or null bytes in case of UTF16 UTF32).
+
+    .. warning:: String and CString only support encodings explicitly listed in :class:`~construct.core.possiblestringencodings` .
+
+    :param encoding: string like: utf8 utf16 utf32 ascii
+
+    :raises StringError: building a non-unicode string
+    :raises StringError: selected encoding is not on supported list
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = CString("utf8")
+        >>> d.build(u"Афон")
+        b'\xd0\x90\xd1\x84\xd0\xbe\xd0\xbd\x00'
+        >>> d.parse(_)
+        u'Афон'
+    """
+    macro = StringEncoded(NullTerminated(GreedyBytes, term=encodingunit(encoding)), encoding)
+    def _emitfulltype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(type="strz", encoding=encoding)
+    macro._emitfulltype = _emitfulltype
+    return macro
+
+
+def GreedyString(encoding):
+    r"""
+    String that reads entire stream until EOF, and writes a given string as-is. Analog to :class:`~construct.core.GreedyBytes` but also applies unicode-to-bytes encoding.
+
+    :param encoding: string like: utf8 utf16 utf32 ascii
+
+    :raises StringError: building a non-unicode string
+    :raises StreamError: stream failed when reading until EOF
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = GreedyString("utf8")
+        >>> d.build(u"Афон")
+        b'\xd0\x90\xd1\x84\xd0\xbe\xd0\xbd'
+        >>> d.parse(_)
+        u'Афон'
+    """
+    macro = StringEncoded(GreedyBytes, encoding)
+    def _emitfulltype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(size_eos=True, type="str", encoding=encoding)
+    macro._emitfulltype = _emitfulltype
+    return macro
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# mappings
+#===============================================================================
+@singleton
+class Flag(Construct):
+    r"""
+    One byte (or one bit) field that maps to True or False. Other non-zero bytes are also considered True. Size is defined as 1.
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> Flag.parse(b"\x01")
+        True
+        >>> Flag.build(True)
+        b'\x01'
+    """
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        return stream_read(stream, 1, path) != b"\x00"
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        stream_write(stream, b"\x01" if obj else b"\x00", 1, path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return 1
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"(io.read(1) != b'\\x00')"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"((io.write(b'\\x01') if obj else io.write(b'\\x00')), obj)[1]"
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(type=("b1" if bitwise else "u1"), _construct_render="Flag")
+
+
+class EnumInteger(int):
+    """Used internally."""
+    pass
+
+
+class EnumIntegerString(str):
+    """Used internally."""
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "EnumIntegerString.new(%s, %s)" % (self.intvalue, str.__repr__(self), )
+
+    def __int__(self):
+        return self.intvalue
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def new(intvalue, stringvalue):
+        ret = EnumIntegerString(stringvalue)
+        ret.intvalue = intvalue
+        return ret
+
+
+class Enum(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Translates unicode label names to subcon values, and vice versa.
+
+    Parses integer subcon, then uses that value to lookup mapping dictionary. Returns an integer-convertible string (if mapping found) or an integer (otherwise). Building is a reversed process. Can build from an integer flag or string label. Size is same as subcon, unless it raises SizeofError.
+
+    There is no default parameter, because if no mapping is found, it parses into an integer without error.
+
+    This class supports enum34 module. See examples.
+
+    This class supports exposing member labels as attributes, as integer-convertible strings. See examples.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to map to/from
+    :param \*merge: optional, list of enum.IntEnum and enum.IntFlag instances, to merge labels and values from
+    :param \*\*mapping: dict, mapping string names to values
+
+    :raises MappingError: building from string but no mapping found
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Enum(Byte, one=1, two=2, four=4, eight=8)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01")
+        'one'
+        >>> int(d.parse(b"\x01"))
+        1
+        >>> d.parse(b"\xff")
+        255
+        >>> int(d.parse(b"\xff"))
+        255
+
+        >>> d.build(d.one or "one" or 1)
+        b'\x01'
+        >>> d.one
+        'one'
+
+        import enum
+        class E(enum.IntEnum or enum.IntFlag):
+            one = 1
+            two = 2
+
+        Enum(Byte, E) <--> Enum(Byte, one=1, two=2)
+        FlagsEnum(Byte, E) <--> FlagsEnum(Byte, one=1, two=2)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, *merge, **mapping):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        for enum in merge:
+            for enumentry in enum:
+                mapping[enumentry.name] = enumentry.value
+        self.encmapping = {EnumIntegerString.new(v,k):v for k,v in mapping.items()}
+        self.decmapping = {v:EnumIntegerString.new(v,k) for k,v in mapping.items()}
+        self.ksymapping = {v:k for k,v in mapping.items()}
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name in self.encmapping:
+            return self.decmapping[self.encmapping[name]]
+        raise AttributeError
+
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        try:
+            return self.decmapping[obj]
+        except KeyError:
+            return EnumInteger(obj)
+
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        try:
+            if isinstance(obj, integertypes):
+                return obj
+            return self.encmapping[obj]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise MappingError("building failed, no mapping for %r" % (obj,), path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        fname = f"factory_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{fname} = {repr(self.decmapping)}")
+        return f"reuse(({self.subcon._compileparse(code)}), lambda x: {fname}.get(x, EnumInteger(x)))"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        fname = f"factory_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{fname} = {repr(self.encmapping)}")
+        return f"reuse({fname}.get(obj, obj), lambda obj: ({self.subcon._compilebuild(code)}))"
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        name = "enum_%s" % ksy.allocateId()
+        ksy.enums[name] = self.ksymapping
+        return name
+
+
+class BitwisableString(str):
+    """Used internally."""
+
+    # def __repr__(self):
+    #     return "BitwisableString(%s)" % (str.__repr__(self), )
+
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        return BitwisableString("{}|{}".format(self, other))
+
+
+class FlagsEnum(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Translates unicode label names to subcon integer (sub)values, and vice versa.
+
+    Parses integer subcon, then creates a Container, where flags define each key. Builds from a container by bitwise-oring of each flag if it matches a set key. Can build from an integer flag or string label directly, as well as | concatenations thereof (see examples). Size is same as subcon, unless it raises SizeofError.
+
+    This class supports enum34 module. See examples.
+
+    This class supports exposing member labels as attributes, as bitwisable strings. See examples.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, must operate on integers
+    :param \*merge: optional, list of enum.IntEnum and enum.IntFlag instances, to merge labels and values from
+    :param \*\*flags: dict, mapping string names to integer values
+
+    :raises MappingError: building from object not like: integer string dict
+    :raises MappingError: building from string but no mapping found
+
+    Can raise arbitrary exceptions when computing | and & and value is non-integer.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = FlagsEnum(Byte, one=1, two=2, four=4, eight=8)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x03")
+        Container(one=True, two=True, four=False, eight=False)
+        >>> d.build(dict(one=True,two=True))
+        b'\x03'
+
+        >>> d.build(d.one|d.two or "one|two" or 1|2)
+        b'\x03'
+
+        import enum
+        class E(enum.IntEnum or enum.IntFlag):
+            one = 1
+            two = 2
+
+        Enum(Byte, E) <--> Enum(Byte, one=1, two=2)
+        FlagsEnum(Byte, E) <--> FlagsEnum(Byte, one=1, two=2)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, *merge, **flags):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        for enum in merge:
+            for enumentry in enum:
+                flags[enumentry.name] = enumentry.value
+        self.flags = flags
+        self.reverseflags = {v:k for k,v in flags.items()}
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name in self.flags:
+            return BitwisableString(name)
+        raise AttributeError
+
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        obj2 = Container()
+        obj2._flagsenum = True
+        for name,value in self.flags.items():
+            obj2[BitwisableString(name)] = (obj & value == value)
+        return obj2
+
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        try:
+            if isinstance(obj, integertypes):
+                return obj
+            if isinstance(obj, stringtypes):
+                flags = 0
+                for name in obj.split("|"):
+                    name = name.strip()
+                    if name:
+                        flags |= self.flags[name] # KeyError
+                return flags
+            if isinstance(obj, dict):
+                flags = 0
+                for name,value in obj.items():
+                    if not name.startswith("_"): # assumes key is a string
+                        if value:
+                            flags |= self.flags[name] # KeyError
+                return flags
+            raise MappingError("building failed, unknown object: %r" % (obj,), path=path)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise MappingError("building failed, unknown label: %r" % (obj,), path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"reuse(({self.subcon._compileparse(code)}), lambda x: Container({', '.join(f'{k}=bool(x & {v} == {v})' for k,v in self.flags.items()) }))"
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        bitstotal = self.subcon.sizeof() * 8
+        seq = []
+        for i in range(bitstotal):
+            value = 1<<i
+            name = self.reverseflags.get(value, "unknown_%s" % i)
+            seq.append(dict(id=name, type="b1", doc=hex(value), _construct_render="Flag"))
+        return seq
+
+
+class Mapping(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Adapter that maps objects to other objects. Translates objects after parsing and before building. Can for example, be used to translate between enum34 objects and strings, but Enum class supports enum34 already and is recommended.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param mapping: dict, for encoding (building) mapping, the reversed is used for parsing mapping
+
+    :raises MappingError: parsing or building but no mapping found
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> x = object
+        >>> d = Mapping(Byte, {x:0})
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x00")
+        x
+        >>> d.build(x)
+        b'\x00'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, mapping):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.decmapping = {v:k for k,v in mapping.items()}
+        self.encmapping = mapping
+
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        try:
+            return self.decmapping[obj] # KeyError
+        except (KeyError, TypeError):
+            raise MappingError("parsing failed, no decoding mapping for %r" % (obj,), path=path)
+
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        try:
+            return self.encmapping[obj] # KeyError
+        except (KeyError, TypeError):
+            raise MappingError("building failed, no encoding mapping for %r" % (obj,), path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        fname = f"factory_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{fname} = {repr(self.decmapping)}")
+        return f"{fname}[{self.subcon._compileparse(code)}]"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        fname = f"factory_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{fname} = {repr(self.encmapping)}")
+        return f"reuse({fname}[obj], lambda obj: ({self.subcon._compilebuild(code)}))"
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# structures and sequences
+#===============================================================================
+class Struct(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Sequence of usually named constructs, similar to structs in C. The members are parsed and build in the order they are defined. If a member is anonymous (its name is None) then it gets parsed and the value discarded, or it gets build from nothing (from None).
+
+    Some fields do not need to be named, since they are built without value anyway. See: Const Padding Check Error Pass Terminated Seek Tell for examples of such fields. 
+
+    Operator + can also be used to make Structs (although not recommended).
+
+    Parses into a Container (dict with attribute and key access) where keys match subcon names. Builds from a dict (not necessarily a Container) where each member gets a value from the dict matching the subcon name. If field has build-from-none flag, it gets build even when there is no matching entry in the dict. Size is the sum of all subcon sizes, unless any subcon raises SizeofError.
+
+    This class does context nesting, meaning its members are given access to a new dictionary where the "_" entry points to the outer context. When parsing, each member gets parsed and subcon parse return value is inserted into context under matching key only if the member was named. When building, the matching entry gets inserted into context before subcon gets build, and if subcon build returns a new value (not None) that gets replaced in the context.
+
+    This class exposes subcons as attributes. You can refer to subcons that were inlined (and therefore do not exist as variable in the namespace) by accessing the struct attributes, under same name. Also note that compiler does not support this feature. See examples.
+
+    This class exposes subcons in the context. You can refer to subcons that were inlined (and therefore do not exist as variable in the namespace) within other inlined fields using the context. Note that you need to use a lambda (`this` expression is not supported). Also note that compiler does not support this feature. See examples.
+
+    This class supports stopping. If :class:`~construct.core.StopIf` field is a member, and it evaluates its lambda as positive, this class ends parsing or building as successful without processing further fields.
+
+    :param \*subcons: Construct instances, list of members, some can be anonymous
+    :param \*\*subconskw: Construct instances, list of members (requires Python 3.6)
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises KeyError: building a subcon but found no corresponding key in dictionary
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Struct("num"/Int8ub, "data"/Bytes(this.num))
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x04DATA")
+        Container(num=4, data=b"DATA")
+        >>> d.build(dict(num=4, data=b"DATA"))
+        b"\x04DATA"
+
+        >>> d = Struct(Const(b"MZ"), Padding(2), Pass, Terminated)
+        >>> d.build({})
+        b'MZ\x00\x00'
+        >>> d.parse(_)
+        Container()
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        4
+
+        >>> d = Struct(
+        ...     "animal" / Enum(Byte, giraffe=1),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.animal.giraffe
+        'giraffe'
+        >>> d = Struct(
+        ...     "count" / Byte,
+        ...     "data" / Bytes(lambda this: this.count - this._subcons.count.sizeof()),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.build(dict(count=3, data=b"12"))
+        b'\x0312'
+
+        Alternative syntax (not recommended):
+        >>> ("a"/Byte + "b"/Byte + "c"/Byte + "d"/Byte)
+
+        Alternative syntax, but requires Python 3.6 or any PyPy:
+        >>> Struct(a=Byte, b=Byte, c=Byte, d=Byte)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *subcons, **subconskw):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.subcons = list(subcons) + list(k/v for k,v in subconskw.items())
+        self._subcons = Container((sc.name,sc) for sc in self.subcons if sc.name)
+        self.flagbuildnone = all(sc.flagbuildnone for sc in self.subcons)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name in self._subcons:
+            return self._subcons[name]
+        raise AttributeError
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        obj = Container()
+        obj._io = stream
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            try:
+                subobj = sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+                if sc.name:
+                    obj[sc.name] = subobj
+                    context[sc.name] = subobj
+            except StopFieldError:
+                break
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        if obj is None:
+            obj = Container()
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        context.update(obj)
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            try:
+                if sc.flagbuildnone:
+                    subobj = obj.get(sc.name, None)
+                else:
+                    subobj = obj[sc.name] # raises KeyError
+
+                if sc.name:
+                    context[sc.name] = subobj
+
+                buildret = sc._build(subobj, stream, context, path)
+                if sc.name:
+                    context[sc.name] = buildret
+            except StopFieldError:
+                break
+        return context
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = None, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        try:
+            return sum(sc._sizeof(context, path) for sc in self.subcons)
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        fname = f"parse_struct_{code.allocateId()}"
+        block = f"""
+            def {fname}(io, this):
+                result = Container()
+                this = Container(_ = this, _params = this['_params'], _root = None, _parsing = True, _building = False, _sizing = False, _subcons = None, _io = io, _index = this.get('_index', None))
+                this['_root'] = this['_'].get('_root', this)
+                try:
+        """
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            block += f"""
+                    {f'result[{repr(sc.name)}] = this[{repr(sc.name)}] = ' if sc.name else ''}{sc._compileparse(code)}
+            """
+        block += f"""
+                    pass
+                except StopFieldError:
+                    pass
+                return result
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return f"{fname}(io, this)"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        fname = f"build_struct_{code.allocateId()}"
+        block = f"""
+            def {fname}(obj, io, this):
+                this = Container(_ = this, _params = this['_params'], _root = None, _parsing = False, _building = True, _sizing = False, _subcons = None, _io = io, _index = this.get('_index', None))
+                this['_root'] = this['_'].get('_root', this)
+                try:
+                    objdict = obj
+        """
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            block += f"""
+                    {f'obj = objdict.get({repr(sc.name)}, None)' if sc.flagbuildnone else f'obj = objdict[{repr(sc.name)}]'}
+                    {f'this[{repr(sc.name)}] = obj' if sc.name else ''}
+                    {f'this[{repr(sc.name)}] = ' if sc.name else ''}{sc._compilebuild(code)}
+            """
+        block += f"""
+                    pass
+                except StopFieldError:
+                    pass
+                return this
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return f"{fname}(obj, io, this)"
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return [sc._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise) for sc in self.subcons]
+
+
+class Sequence(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Sequence of usually un-named constructs. The members are parsed and build in the order they are defined. If a member is named, its parsed value gets inserted into the context. This allows using members that refer to previous members.
+
+    Operator >> can also be used to make Sequences (although not recommended).
+
+    Parses into a ListContainer (list with pretty-printing) where values are in same order as subcons. Builds from a list (not necessarily a ListContainer) where each subcon is given the element at respective position. Size is the sum of all subcon sizes, unless any subcon raises SizeofError.
+
+    This class does context nesting, meaning its members are given access to a new dictionary where the "_" entry points to the outer context. When parsing, each member gets parsed and subcon parse return value is inserted into context under matching key only if the member was named. When building, the matching entry gets inserted into context before subcon gets build, and if subcon build returns a new value (not None) that gets replaced in the context.
+
+    This class exposes subcons as attributes. You can refer to subcons that were inlined (and therefore do not exist as variable in the namespace) by accessing the struct attributes, under same name. Also note that compiler does not support this feature. See examples.
+
+    This class exposes subcons in the context. You can refer to subcons that were inlined (and therefore do not exist as variable in the namespace) within other inlined fields using the context. Note that you need to use a lambda (`this` expression is not supported). Also note that compiler does not support this feature. See examples.
+
+    This class supports stopping. If :class:`~construct.core.StopIf` field is a member, and it evaluates its lambda as positive, this class ends parsing or building as successful without processing further fields.
+
+    :param \*subcons: Construct instances, list of members, some can be named
+    :param \*\*subconskw: Construct instances, list of members (requires Python 3.6)
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises KeyError: building a subcon but found no corresponding key in dictionary
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Sequence(Byte, Float32b)
+        >>> d.build([0, 1.23])
+        b'\x00?\x9dp\xa4'
+        >>> d.parse(_)
+        [0, 1.2300000190734863] # a ListContainer
+
+        >>> d = Sequence(
+        ...     "animal" / Enum(Byte, giraffe=1),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.animal.giraffe
+        'giraffe'
+        >>> d = Sequence(
+        ...     "count" / Byte,
+        ...     "data" / Bytes(lambda this: this.count - this._subcons.count.sizeof()),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.build([3, b"12"])
+        b'\x0312'
+
+        Alternative syntax (not recommended):
+        >>> (Byte >> "Byte >> "c"/Byte >> "d"/Byte)
+
+        Alternative syntax, but requires Python 3.6 or any PyPy:
+        >>> Sequence(a=Byte, b=Byte, c=Byte, d=Byte)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *subcons, **subconskw):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.subcons = list(subcons) + list(k/v for k,v in subconskw.items())
+        self._subcons = Container((sc.name,sc) for sc in self.subcons if sc.name)
+        self.flagbuildnone = all(sc.flagbuildnone for sc in self.subcons)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name in self._subcons:
+            return self._subcons[name]
+        raise AttributeError
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        obj = ListContainer()
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            try:
+                subobj = sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+                obj.append(subobj)
+                if sc.name:
+                    context[sc.name] = subobj
+            except StopFieldError:
+                break
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        if obj is None:
+            obj = ListContainer([None for sc in self.subcons])
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        objiter = iter(obj)
+        retlist = ListContainer()
+        for i,sc in enumerate(self.subcons):
+            try:
+                subobj = next(objiter)
+                if sc.name:
+                    context[sc.name] = subobj
+
+                buildret = sc._build(subobj, stream, context, path)
+                retlist.append(buildret)
+
+                if sc.name:
+                    context[sc.name] = buildret
+            except StopFieldError:
+                break
+        return retlist
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = None, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        try:
+            return sum(sc._sizeof(context, path) for sc in self.subcons)
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        fname = f"parse_sequence_{code.allocateId()}"
+        block = f"""
+            def {fname}(io, this):
+                result = ListContainer()
+                this = Container(_ = this, _params = this['_params'], _root = None, _parsing = True, _building = False, _sizing = False, _subcons = None, _io = io, _index = this.get('_index', None))
+                this['_root'] = this['_'].get('_root', this)
+                try:
+        """
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            block += f"""
+                    result.append({sc._compileparse(code)})
+            """
+            if sc.name:
+                block += f"""
+                    this[{repr(sc.name)}] = result[-1]
+                """
+        block += f"""
+                    pass
+                except StopFieldError:
+                    pass
+                return result
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return f"{fname}(io, this)"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        fname = f"build_sequence_{code.allocateId()}"
+        block = f"""
+            def {fname}(obj, io, this):
+                this = Container(_ = this, _params = this['_params'], _root = None, _parsing = False, _building = True, _sizing = False, _subcons = None, _io = io, _index = this.get('_index', None))
+                this['_root'] = this['_'].get('_root', this)
+                try:
+                    objiter = iter(obj)
+                    retlist = ListContainer()
+        """
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            block += f"""
+                    {f'obj = next(objiter)'}
+                    {f'this[{repr(sc.name)}] = obj' if sc.name else ''}
+                    {f'x = '}{sc._compilebuild(code)}
+                    {f'retlist.append(x)'}
+                    {f'this[{repr(sc.name)}] = x' if sc.name else ''}
+            """
+        block += f"""
+                    pass
+                except StopFieldError:
+                    pass
+                return retlist
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return f"{fname}(obj, io, this)"
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return [sc._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise) for sc in self.subcons]
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# arrays ranges and repeaters
+#===============================================================================
+class Array(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Homogenous array of elements, similar to C# generic T[].
+
+    Parses into a ListContainer (a list). Parsing and building processes an exact amount of elements. If given list has more or less than count elements, raises RangeError. Size is defined as count multiplied by subcon size, but only if subcon is fixed size.
+
+    Operator [] can be used to make Array instances (recommended syntax).
+
+    :param count: integer or context lambda, strict amount of elements
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to process individual elements
+    :param discard: optional, bool, if set then parsing returns empty list
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises RangeError: specified count is not valid
+    :raises RangeError: given object has different length than specified count
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambdas, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Array(5, Byte) or Byte[5]
+        >>> d.build(range(5))
+        b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04'
+        >>> d.parse(_)
+        [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, count, subcon, discard=False):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.count = count
+        self.discard = discard
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        count = evaluate(self.count, context)
+        if not 0 <= count:
+            raise RangeError("invalid count %s" % (count,), path=path)
+        discard = self.discard
+        obj = ListContainer()
+        for i in range(count):
+            context._index = i
+            e = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+            if not discard:
+                obj.append(e)
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        count = evaluate(self.count, context)
+        if not 0 <= count:
+            raise RangeError("invalid count %s" % (count,), path=path)
+        if not len(obj) == count:
+            raise RangeError("expected %d elements, found %d" % (count, len(obj)), path=path)
+        discard = self.discard
+        retlist = ListContainer()
+        for i,e in enumerate(obj):
+            context._index = i
+            buildret = self.subcon._build(e, stream, context, path)
+            if not discard:
+                retlist.append(buildret)
+        return retlist
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        try:
+            count = evaluate(self.count, context)
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+        return count * self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"ListContainer(({self.subcon._compileparse(code)}) for i in range({self.count}))"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"ListContainer(reuse(obj[i], lambda obj: ({self.subcon._compilebuild(code)})) for i in range({self.count}))"
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(type=self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise), repeat="expr", repeat_expr=self.count)
+
+
+class GreedyRange(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Homogenous array of elements, similar to C# generic IEnumerable<T>, but works with unknown count of elements by parsing until end of stream.
+
+    Parses into a ListContainer (a list). Parsing stops when an exception occured when parsing the subcon, either due to EOF or subcon format not being able to parse the data. Either way, when GreedyRange encounters either failure it seeks the stream back to a position after last successful subcon parsing. Builds from enumerable, each element as-is. Size is undefined.
+
+    This class supports stopping. If :class:`~construct.core.StopIf` field is a member, and it evaluates its lambda as positive, this class ends parsing or building as successful without processing further fields.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to process individual elements
+    :param discard: optional, bool, if set then parsing returns empty list
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises StreamError: stream is not seekable and tellable
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambdas, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = GreedyRange(Byte)
+        >>> d.build(range(8))
+        b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07'
+        >>> d.parse(_)
+        [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, discard=False):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.discard = discard
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        discard = self.discard
+        obj = ListContainer()
+        try:
+            for i in itertools.count():
+                context._index = i
+                fallback = stream_tell(stream, path)
+                e = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+                if not discard:
+                    obj.append(e)
+        except StopFieldError:
+            pass
+        except ExplicitError:
+            raise
+        except Exception:
+            stream_seek(stream, fallback, 0, path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        discard = self.discard
+        try:
+            retlist = ListContainer()
+            for i,e in enumerate(obj):
+                context._index = i
+                buildret = self.subcon._build(e, stream, context, path)
+                if not discard:
+                    retlist.append(buildret)
+            return retlist
+        except StopFieldError:
+            pass
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError(path=path)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(type=self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise), repeat="eos")
+
+
+class RepeatUntil(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Homogenous array of elements, similar to C# generic IEnumerable<T>, that repeats until the predicate indicates it to stop. Note that the last element (that predicate indicated as True) is included in the return list.
+
+    Parse iterates indefinately until last element passed the predicate. Build iterates indefinately over given list, until an element passed the precicate (or raises RepeatError if no element passed it). Size is undefined.
+
+    :param predicate: lambda that takes (obj, list, context) and returns True to break or False to continue (or a truthy value)
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon used to parse and build each element
+    :param discard: optional, bool, if set then parsing returns empty list
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises RepeatError: consumed all elements in the stream but neither passed the predicate
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = RepeatUntil(lambda x,lst,ctx: x > 7, Byte)
+        >>> d.build(range(20))
+        b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08'
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01\xff\x02")
+        [1, 255]
+
+        >>> d = RepeatUntil(lambda x,lst,ctx: lst[-2:] == [0,0], Byte)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01\x00\x00\xff")
+        [1, 0, 0]
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, predicate, subcon, discard=False):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.predicate = predicate
+        self.discard = discard
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        predicate = self.predicate
+        discard = self.discard
+        if not callable(predicate):
+            predicate = lambda _1,_2,_3: predicate
+        obj = ListContainer()
+        for i in itertools.count():
+            context._index = i
+            e = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+            if not discard:
+                obj.append(e)
+            if predicate(e, obj, context):
+                return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        predicate = self.predicate
+        discard = self.discard
+        if not callable(predicate):
+            predicate = lambda _1,_2,_3: predicate
+        partiallist = ListContainer()
+        retlist = ListContainer()
+        for i,e in enumerate(obj):
+            context._index = i
+            buildret = self.subcon._build(e, stream, context, path)
+            if not discard:
+                retlist.append(buildret)
+                partiallist.append(buildret)
+            if predicate(e, partiallist, context):
+                break
+        else:
+            raise RepeatError("expected any item to match predicate, when building", path=path)
+        return retlist
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, amount depends on actual data", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        fname = f"parse_repeatuntil_{code.allocateId()}"
+        block = f"""
+            def {fname}(io, this):
+                list_ = ListContainer()
+                while True:
+                    obj_ = {self.subcon._compileparse(code)}
+                    if not ({self.discard}):
+                        list_.append(obj_)
+                    if ({self.predicate}):
+                        return list_
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return f"{fname}(io, this)"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        fname = f"build_repeatuntil_{code.allocateId()}"
+        block = f"""
+            def {fname}(obj, io, this):
+                objiter = iter(obj)
+                list_ = ListContainer()
+                while True:
+                    obj_ = reuse(next(objiter), lambda obj: {self.subcon._compilebuild(code)})
+                    list_.append(obj_)
+                    if ({self.predicate}):
+                        return list_
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return f"{fname}(obj, io, this)"
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(type=self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise), repeat="until", repeat_until=repr(self.predicate).replace("obj_","_"))
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# specials
+#===============================================================================
+class Renamed(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Special wrapper that allows a Struct (or other similar class) to see a field as having a name (or a different name) or having a parsed hook. Library classes do not have names (its None). Renamed does not change a field, only wraps it like a candy with a label. Used internally by / and * operators.
+
+    Also this wrapper is responsible for building a path info (a chain of names) that gets attached to error message when parsing, building, or sizeof fails. Fields that are not named do not appear in the path string.
+
+    Parsing building and size are deferred to subcon.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param newname: optional, string
+    :param newdocs: optional, string
+    :param newparsed: optional, lambda
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> "number" / Int32ub
+        <Renamed: number>
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, newname=None, newdocs=None, newparsed=None):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.name = newname if newname else subcon.name
+        self.docs = newdocs if newdocs else subcon.docs
+        self.parsed = newparsed if newparsed else subcon.parsed
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self.subcon, name)
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        path += " -> %s" % (self.name,)
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        path += " -> %s" % (self.name,)
+        return self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        path += " -> %s" % (self.name,)
+        return self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return self.subcon._compileparse(code)
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return self.subcon._compilebuild(code)
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileseq(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        r = dict()
+        if self.name:
+            r.update(id=self.name)
+        r.update(self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise))
+        if self.docs:
+            r.update(doc=self.docs)
+        return r
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# miscellaneous
+#===============================================================================
+class Const(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Field enforcing a constant. It is used for file signatures, to validate that the given pattern exists. Data in the stream must strictly match the specified value.
+
+    Note that a variable sized subcon may still provide positive verification. Const does not consume a precomputed amount of bytes, but depends on the subcon to read the appropriate amount (eg. VarInt is acceptable). Whatever subcon parses into, gets compared against the specified value.
+
+    Parses using subcon and return its value (after checking). Builds using subcon from nothing (or given object, if not None). Size is the same as subcon, unless it raises SizeofError.
+
+    :param value: expected value, usually a bytes literal
+    :param subcon: optional, Construct instance, subcon used to build value from, assumed to be Bytes if value parameter was a bytes literal
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises ConstError: parsed data does not match specified value, or building from wrong value
+    :raises StringError: building from non-bytes value, perhaps unicode
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Const(b"IHDR")
+        >>> d.build(None)
+        b'IHDR'
+        >>> d.parse(b"JPEG")
+        construct.core.ConstError: expected b'IHDR' but parsed b'JPEG'
+
+        >>> d = Const(255, Int32ul)
+        >>> d.build(None)
+        b'\xff\x00\x00\x00'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, value, subcon=None):
+        if subcon is None:
+            if not isinstance(value, bytestringtype):
+                raise StringError(f"given non-bytes value {repr(value)}, perhaps unicode?")
+            subcon = Bytes(len(value))
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.value = value
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        obj = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+        if not obj == self.value:
+            raise ConstError(f"parsing expected {repr(self.value)} but parsed {repr(obj)}", path=path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        if obj not in (None, self.value):
+            raise ConstError(f"building expected None or {repr(self.value)} but got {repr(obj)}", path=path)
+        return self.subcon._build(self.value, stream, context, path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        code.append(f"""
+            def parse_const(value, expected):
+                if not value == expected: raise ConstError
+                return value
+        """)
+        return f"parse_const({self.subcon._compileparse(code)}, {repr(self.value)})"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        if isinstance(self.value, bytes):
+            return f"(io.write({repr(self.value)}), {repr(self.value)})[1]"
+        else:
+            return f"reuse({repr(self.value)}, lambda obj: {self.subcon._compilebuild(code)})"
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        data = self.subcon.build(self.value)
+        return dict(contents=list(data))
+
+
+class Computed(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Field computing a value from the context dictionary or some outer source like os.urandom or random module. Underlying byte stream is unaffected. The source can be non-deterministic.
+
+    Parsing and Building return the value returned by the context lambda (although a constant value can also be used). Size is defined as 0 because parsing and building does not consume or produce bytes into the stream.
+
+    :param func: context lambda or constant value
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+        >>> d = Struct(
+        ...     "width" / Byte,
+        ...     "height" / Byte,
+        ...     "total" / Computed(this.width * this.height),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.build(dict(width=4,height=5))
+        b'\x04\x05'
+        >>> d.parse(b"12")
+        Container(width=49, height=50, total=2450)
+
+        >>> d = Computed(7)
+        >>> d.parse(b"")
+        7
+        >>> d = Computed(lambda ctx: 7)
+        >>> d.parse(b"")
+        7
+
+        >>> import os
+        >>> d = Computed(lambda ctx: os.urandom(10))
+        >>> d.parse(b"")
+        b'\x98\xc2\xec\x10\x07\xf5\x8e\x98\xc2\xec'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, func):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.func = func
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        return self.func(context) if callable(self.func) else self.func
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return self.func(context) if callable(self.func) else self.func
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return 0
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return repr(self.func)
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return repr(self.func)
+
+
+@singleton
+class Index(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Indexes a field inside outer :class:`~construct.core.Array` :class:`~construct.core.GreedyRange` :class:`~construct.core.RepeatUntil` context.
+
+    Note that you can use this class, or use `this._index` expression instead, depending on how its used. See the examples.
+
+    Parsing and building pulls _index key from the context. Size is 0 because stream is unaffected.
+
+    :raises IndexFieldError: did not find either key in context
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Array(3, Index)
+        >>> d.parse(b"")
+        [0, 1, 2]
+        >>> d = Array(3, Struct("i" / Index))
+        >>> d.parse(b"")
+        [Container(i=0), Container(i=1), Container(i=2)]
+
+        >>> d = Array(3, Computed(this._index+1))
+        >>> d.parse(b"")
+        [1, 2, 3]
+        >>> d = Array(3, Struct("i" / Computed(this._._index+1)))
+        >>> d.parse(b"")
+        [Container(i=1), Container(i=2), Container(i=3)]
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        return context.get("_index", None)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return context.get("_index", None)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return 0
+
+
+class Rebuild(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Field where building does not require a value, because the value gets recomputed when needed. Comes handy when building a Struct from a dict with missing keys. Useful for length and count fields when :class:`~construct.core.Prefixed` and :class:`~construct.core.PrefixedArray` cannot be used.
+
+    Parsing defers to subcon. Building is defered to subcon, but it builds from a value provided by the context lambda (or constant). Size is the same as subcon, unless it raises SizeofError.
+
+    Difference between Default and Rebuild, is that in first the build value is optional and in second the build value is ignored.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param func: context lambda or constant value
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Struct(
+        ...     "count" / Rebuild(Byte, len_(this.items)),
+        ...     "items" / Byte[this.count],
+        ... )
+        >>> d.build(dict(items=[1,2,3]))
+        b'\x03\x01\x02\x03'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, func):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.func = func
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        obj = evaluate(self.func, context)
+        return self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return self.subcon._compileparse(code)
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"reuse({repr(self.func)}, lambda obj: ({self.subcon._compilebuild(code)}))"
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileseq(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+
+class Default(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Field where building does not require a value, because the value gets taken from default. Comes handy when building a Struct from a dict with missing keys.
+
+    Parsing defers to subcon. Building is defered to subcon, but it builds from a default (if given object is None) or from given object. Building does not require a value, but can accept one. Size is the same as subcon, unless it raises SizeofError.
+
+    Difference between Default and Rebuild, is that in first the build value is optional and in second the build value is ignored.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param value: context lambda or constant value
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Struct(
+        ...     "a" / Default(Byte, 0),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.build(dict(a=1))
+        b'\x01'
+        >>> d.build(dict())
+        b'\x00'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, value):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.value = value
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        obj = evaluate(self.value, context) if obj is None else obj
+        return self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return self.subcon._compileparse(code)
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"reuse({repr(self.value)} if obj is None else obj, lambda obj: ({self.subcon._compilebuild(code)}))"
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileseq(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+
+class Check(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Checks for a condition, and raises CheckError if the check fails.
+
+    Parsing and building return nothing (but check the condition). Size is 0 because stream is unaffected.
+
+    :param func: bool or context lambda, that gets run on parsing and building
+
+    :raises CheckError: lambda returned false
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        Check(lambda ctx: len(ctx.payload.data) == ctx.payload_len)
+        Check(len_(this.payload.data) == this.payload_len)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, func):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.func = func
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        passed = evaluate(self.func, context)
+        if not passed:
+            raise CheckError("check failed during parsing", path=path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        passed = evaluate(self.func, context)
+        if not passed:
+            raise CheckError("check failed during building", path=path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return 0
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        code.append(f"""
+            def parse_check(condition):
+                if not condition: raise CheckError
+        """)
+        return f"parse_check({repr(self.func)})"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        code.append(f"""
+            def build_check(condition):
+                if not condition: raise CheckError
+        """)
+        return f"build_check({repr(self.func)})"
+
+
+@singleton
+class Error(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Raises ExplicitError, unconditionally.
+
+    Parsing and building always raise ExplicitError. Size is undefined.
+
+    :raises ExplicitError: unconditionally, on parsing and building
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Struct("num"/Byte, Error)
+        >>> d.parse(b"data...")
+        construct.core.ExplicitError: Error field was activated during parsing
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        raise ExplicitError("Error field was activated during parsing", path=path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        raise ExplicitError("Error field was activated during building", path=path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError("Error does not have size, because it interrupts parsing and building", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        code.append("""
+            def parse_error():
+                raise ExplicitError
+        """)
+        return "parse_error()"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        code.append("""
+            def build_error():
+                raise ExplicitError
+        """)
+        return "build_error()"
+
+
+class FocusedSeq(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Allows constructing more elaborate "adapters" than Adapter class.
+
+    Parse does parse all subcons in sequence, but returns only the element that was selected (discards other values). Build does build all subcons in sequence, where each gets build from nothing (except the selected subcon which is given the object). Size is the sum of all subcon sizes, unless any subcon raises SizeofError.
+
+    This class does context nesting, meaning its members are given access to a new dictionary where the "_" entry points to the outer context. When parsing, each member gets parsed and subcon parse return value is inserted into context under matching key only if the member was named. When building, the matching entry gets inserted into context before subcon gets build, and if subcon build returns a new value (not None) that gets replaced in the context.
+
+    This class exposes subcons as attributes. You can refer to subcons that were inlined (and therefore do not exist as variable in the namespace) by accessing the struct attributes, under same name. Also note that compiler does not support this feature. See examples.
+
+    This class exposes subcons in the context. You can refer to subcons that were inlined (and therefore do not exist as variable in the namespace) within other inlined fields using the context. Note that you need to use a lambda (`this` expression is not supported). Also note that compiler does not support this feature. See examples.
+
+    This class is used internally to implement :class:`~construct.core.PrefixedArray`.
+
+    :param parsebuildfrom: string name or context lambda, selects a subcon
+    :param \*subcons: Construct instances, list of members, some can be named
+    :param \*\*subconskw: Construct instances, list of members (requires Python 3.6)
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises UnboundLocalError: selector does not match any subcon
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Excample::
+
+        >>> d = FocusedSeq("num", Const(b"SIG"), "num"/Byte, Terminated)
+        >>> d.parse(b"SIG\xff")
+        255
+        >>> d.build(255)
+        b'SIG\xff'
+
+        >>> d = FocusedSeq("animal",
+        ...     "animal" / Enum(Byte, giraffe=1),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.animal.giraffe
+        'giraffe'
+        >>> d = FocusedSeq("count",
+        ...     "count" / Byte,
+        ...     "data" / Padding(lambda this: this.count - this._subcons.count.sizeof()),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.build(4)
+        b'\x04\x00\x00\x00'
+
+        PrefixedArray <--> FocusedSeq("items",
+            "count" / Rebuild(lengthfield, len_(this.items)),
+            "items" / subcon[this.count],
+        )
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, parsebuildfrom, *subcons, **subconskw):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.parsebuildfrom = parsebuildfrom
+        self.subcons = list(subcons) + list(k/v for k,v in subconskw.items())
+        self._subcons = Container((sc.name,sc) for sc in self.subcons if sc.name)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name in self._subcons:
+            return self._subcons[name]
+        raise AttributeError
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        parsebuildfrom = evaluate(self.parsebuildfrom, context)
+        for i,sc in enumerate(self.subcons):
+            parseret = sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+            if sc.name:
+                context[sc.name] = parseret
+            if sc.name == parsebuildfrom:
+                finalret = parseret
+        return finalret
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        parsebuildfrom = evaluate(self.parsebuildfrom, context)
+        context[parsebuildfrom] = obj
+        for i,sc in enumerate(self.subcons):
+            buildret = sc._build(obj if sc.name == parsebuildfrom else None, stream, context, path)
+            if sc.name:
+                context[sc.name] = buildret
+            if sc.name == parsebuildfrom:
+                finalret = buildret
+        return finalret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = None, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        try:
+            return sum(sc._sizeof(context, path) for sc in self.subcons)
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        fname = f"parse_focusedseq_{code.allocateId()}"
+        block = f"""
+            def {fname}(io, this):
+                result = []
+                this = Container(_ = this, _params = this['_params'], _root = None, _parsing = True, _building = False, _sizing = False, _subcons = None, _io = io, _index = this.get('_index', None))
+                this['_root'] = this['_'].get('_root', this)
+        """
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            block += f"""
+                result.append({sc._compileparse(code)})
+            """
+            if sc.name:
+                block += f"""
+                this[{repr(sc.name)}] = result[-1]
+                """
+        block += f"""
+                return this[{repr(self.parsebuildfrom)}]
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return f"{fname}(io, this)"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        fname = f"build_focusedseq_{code.allocateId()}"
+        block = f"""
+            def {fname}(obj, io, this):
+                this = Container(_ = this, _params = this['_params'], _root = None, _parsing = False, _building = True, _sizing = False, _subcons = None, _io = io, _index = this.get('_index', None))
+                this['_root'] = this['_'].get('_root', this)
+                try:
+                    this[{repr(self.parsebuildfrom)}] = obj
+                    finalobj = obj
+        """
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            block += f"""
+                    {f'obj = {"finalobj" if sc.name == self.parsebuildfrom else "None"}'}
+                    {f'buildret = '}{sc._compilebuild(code)}
+                    {f'this[{repr(sc.name)}] = buildret' if sc.name else ''}
+                    {f'{"finalret = buildret" if sc.name == self.parsebuildfrom else ""}'}
+            """
+        block += f"""
+                    pass
+                except StopFieldError:
+                    pass
+                return finalret
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return f"{fname}(obj, io, this)"
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return [sc._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise) for sc in self.subcons]
+
+
+@singleton
+class Pickled(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Preserves arbitrary Python objects.
+
+    Parses using `pickle.load() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html#pickle.load>`_ and builds using `pickle.dump() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html#pickle.dump>`_ functions, using default Pickle binary protocol. Size is undefined.
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+
+    Can propagate pickle.load() and pickle.dump() exceptions.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> x = [1, 2.3, {}]
+        >>> Pickled.build(x)
+        b'\x80\x03]q\x00(K\x01G@\x02ffffff}q\x01e.'
+        >>> Pickled.parse(_)
+        [1, 2.3, {}]
+    """
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        return pickle.load(stream)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        pickle.dump(obj, stream)
+        return obj
+
+
+@singleton
+class Numpy(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Preserves numpy arrays (both shape, dtype and values).
+
+    Parses using `numpy.load() <https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.load.html#numpy.load>`_ and builds using `numpy.save() <https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.save.html#numpy.save>`_ functions, using Numpy binary protocol. Size is undefined.
+
+    :raises ImportError: numpy could not be imported during parsing or building
+    :raises ValueError: could not read enough bytes, or so
+
+    Can propagate numpy.load() and numpy.save() exceptions.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> import numpy
+        >>> a = numpy.asarray([1,2,3])
+        >>> Numpy.build(a)
+        b"\x93NUMPY\x01\x00F\x00{'descr': '<i8', 'fortran_order': False, 'shape': (3,), }            \n\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x03\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
+        >>> Numpy.parse(_)
+        array([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        import numpy
+        return numpy.load(stream)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        import numpy
+        numpy.save(stream, obj)
+        return obj
+
+
+class NamedTuple(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Both arrays, structs, and sequences can be mapped to a namedtuple from `collections module <https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.html#collections.namedtuple>`_. To create a named tuple, you need to provide a name and a sequence of fields, either a string with space-separated names or a list of string names, like the standard namedtuple.
+
+    Parses into a collections.namedtuple instance, and builds from such instance (although it also builds from lists and dicts). Size is undefined.
+
+    :param tuplename: string
+    :param tuplefields: string or list of strings
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, either Struct Sequence Array GreedyRange
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises NamedTupleError: subcon is neither Struct Sequence Array GreedyRange
+
+    Can propagate collections exceptions.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = NamedTuple("coord", "x y z", Byte[3])
+        >>> d = NamedTuple("coord", "x y z", Byte >> Byte >> Byte)
+        >>> d = NamedTuple("coord", "x y z", "x"/Byte + "y"/Byte + "z"/Byte)
+        >>> d.parse(b"123")
+        coord(x=49, y=50, z=51)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, tuplename, tuplefields, subcon):
+        if not isinstance(subcon, (Struct,Sequence,Array,GreedyRange)):
+            raise NamedTupleError("subcon is neither Struct Sequence Array GreedyRange")
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.tuplename = tuplename
+        self.tuplefields = tuplefields
+        self.factory = collections.namedtuple(tuplename, tuplefields)
+
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        if isinstance(self.subcon, Struct):
+            del obj["_io"]
+            return self.factory(**obj)
+        if isinstance(self.subcon, (Sequence,Array,GreedyRange)):
+            return self.factory(*obj)
+        raise NamedTupleError("subcon is neither Struct Sequence Array GreedyRangeGreedyRange", path=path)
+
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        if isinstance(self.subcon, Struct):
+            return Container({sc.name:getattr(obj,sc.name) for sc in self.subcon.subcons if sc.name})
+        if isinstance(self.subcon, (Sequence,Array,GreedyRange)):
+            return list(obj)
+        raise NamedTupleError("subcon is neither Struct Sequence Array GreedyRange", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        fname = "factory_%s" % code.allocateId()
+        code.append("""
+            %s = collections.namedtuple(%r, %r)
+        """ % (fname, self.tuplename, self.tuplefields, ))
+        if isinstance(self.subcon, Struct):
+            return "%s(**(%s))" % (fname, self.subcon._compileparse(code), )
+        if isinstance(self.subcon, (Sequence,Array,GreedyRange)):
+            return "%s(*(%s))" % (fname, self.subcon._compileparse(code), )
+        raise NamedTupleError("subcon is neither Struct Sequence Array GreedyRange")
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileseq(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+
+class TimestampAdapter(Adapter):
+    """Used internally."""
+
+
+def Timestamp(subcon, unit, epoch):
+    r"""
+    Datetime, represented as `Arrow <https://pypi.org/project/arrow/>`_ object.
+
+    Note that accuracy is not guaranteed, because building rounds the value to integer (even when Float subcon is used), due to floating-point errors in general, and because MSDOS scheme has only 5-bit (32 values) seconds field (seconds are rounded to multiple of 2).
+
+    Unit is a fraction of a second. 1 is second resolution, 10**-3 is milliseconds resolution, 10**-6 is microseconds resolution, etc. Usually its 1 on Unix and MacOSX, 10**-7 on Windows. Epoch is a year (if integer) or a specific day (if Arrow object). Usually its 1970 on Unix, 1904 on MacOSX, 1600 on Windows. MSDOS format doesnt support custom unit or epoch, it uses 2-seconds resolution and 1980 epoch.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance like Int* Float*, or Int32ub with msdos format
+    :param unit: integer or float, or msdos string
+    :param epoch: integer, or Arrow instance, or msdos string
+
+    :raises ImportError: arrow could not be imported during ctor
+    :raises TimestampError: subcon is not a Construct instance
+    :raises TimestampError: unit or epoch is a wrong type
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Timestamp(Int64ub, 1., 1970)
+        >>> d.parse(b'\x00\x00\x00\x00ZIz\x00')
+        <Arrow [2018-01-01T00:00:00+00:00]>
+        >>> d = Timestamp(Int32ub, "msdos", "msdos")
+        >>> d.parse(b'H9\x8c"')
+        <Arrow [2016-01-25T17:33:04+00:00]>
+    """
+    import arrow
+
+    if not isinstance(subcon, Construct):
+        raise TimestampError("subcon should be Int*, experimentally Float*, or Int32ub when using msdos format")
+    if not isinstance(unit, (integertypes, float, stringtypes)):
+        raise TimestampError("unit must be one of: int float string")
+    if not isinstance(epoch, (integertypes, arrow.Arrow, stringtypes)):
+        raise TimestampError("epoch must be one of: int Arrow string")
+
+    if unit == "msdos" or epoch == "msdos":
+        st = BitStruct(
+            "year" / BitsInteger(7),
+            "month" / BitsInteger(4),
+            "day" / BitsInteger(5),
+            "hour" / BitsInteger(5),
+            "minute" / BitsInteger(6),
+            "second" / BitsInteger(5),
+        )
+        class MsdosTimestampAdapter(TimestampAdapter):
+            def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+                return arrow.Arrow(1980,1,1).shift(years=obj.year, months=obj.month-1, days=obj.day-1, hours=obj.hour, minutes=obj.minute, seconds=obj.second*2)
+            def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+                t = obj.timetuple()
+                return Container(year=t.tm_year-1980, month=t.tm_mon, day=t.tm_mday, hour=t.tm_hour, minute=t.tm_min, second=t.tm_sec//2)
+        macro = MsdosTimestampAdapter(st)
+
+    else:
+        if isinstance(epoch, integertypes):
+            epoch = arrow.Arrow(epoch, 1, 1)
+        class EpochTimestampAdapter(TimestampAdapter):
+            def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+                return epoch.shift(seconds=obj*unit)
+            def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+                return int((obj-epoch).total_seconds()/unit)
+        macro = EpochTimestampAdapter(subcon)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise)
+    def _emitprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)
+    macro._emitfulltype = _emitfulltype
+    macro._emitprimitivetype = _emitprimitivetype
+    return macro
+
+
+class Hex(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Adapter for displaying hexadecimal/hexlified representation of integers/bytes/RawCopy dictionaries.
+
+    Parsing results in int-alike bytes-alike or dict-alike object, whose only difference from original is pretty-printing. If you look at the result, you will be presented with its `repr` which remains as-is. If you print it, then you will see its `str` whic is a hexlified representation. Building and sizeof defer to subcon.
+
+    To obtain a hexlified string (like before Hex HexDump changed semantics) use binascii.(un)hexlify on parsed results.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Hex(Int32ub)
+        >>> obj = d.parse(b"\x00\x00\x01\x02")
+        >>> obj
+        258
+        >>> print(obj)
+        0x00000102
+
+        >>> d = Hex(GreedyBytes)
+        >>> obj = d.parse(b"\x00\x00\x01\x02")
+        >>> obj
+        b'\x00\x00\x01\x02'
+        >>> print(obj)
+        unhexlify('00000102')
+
+        >>> d = Hex(RawCopy(Int32ub))
+        >>> obj = d.parse(b"\x00\x00\x01\x02")
+        >>> obj
+        {'data': b'\x00\x00\x01\x02',
+         'length': 4,
+         'offset1': 0,
+         'offset2': 4,
+         'value': 258}
+        >>> print(obj)
+        unhexlify('00000102')
+    """
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        if isinstance(obj, integertypes):
+            return HexDisplayedInteger.new(obj, "0%sX" % (2 * self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)))
+        if isinstance(obj, bytestringtype):
+            return HexDisplayedBytes(obj)
+        if isinstance(obj, dict):
+            return HexDisplayedDict(obj)
+        return obj
+
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        return obj
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return self.subcon._compileparse(code)
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileseq(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+
+class HexDump(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Adapter for displaying hexlified representation of bytes/RawCopy dictionaries.
+
+    Parsing results in bytes-alike or dict-alike object, whose only difference from original is pretty-printing. If you look at the result, you will be presented with its `repr` which remains as-is. If you print it, then you will see its `str` whic is a hexlified representation. Building and sizeof defer to subcon.
+
+    To obtain a hexlified string (like before Hex HexDump changed semantics) use construct.lib.hexdump on parsed results.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = HexDump(GreedyBytes)
+        >>> obj = d.parse(b"\x00\x00\x01\x02")
+        >>> obj
+        b'\x00\x00\x01\x02'
+        >>> print(obj)
+        hexundump('''
+        0000   00 00 01 02                                       ....
+        ''')
+
+        >>> d = HexDump(RawCopy(Int32ub))
+        >>> obj = d.parse(b"\x00\x00\x01\x02")
+        >>> obj
+        {'data': b'\x00\x00\x01\x02',
+         'length': 4,
+         'offset1': 0,
+         'offset2': 4,
+         'value': 258}
+        >>> print(obj)
+        hexundump('''
+        0000   00 00 01 02                                       ....
+        ''')
+    """
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        if isinstance(obj, bytestringtype):
+            return HexDumpDisplayedBytes(obj)
+        if isinstance(obj, dict):
+            return HexDumpDisplayedDict(obj)
+        return obj
+
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        return obj
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return self.subcon._compileparse(code)
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileseq(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise)
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# conditional
+#===============================================================================
+class Union(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Treats the same data as multiple constructs (similar to C union) so you can look at the data in multiple views. Fields are usually named (so parsed values are inserted into dictionary under same name).
+
+    Parses subcons in sequence, and reverts the stream back to original position after each subcon. Afterwards, advances the stream by selected subcon. Builds from first subcon that has a matching key in given dict. Size is undefined (because parsefrom is not used for building).
+
+    This class does context nesting, meaning its members are given access to a new dictionary where the "_" entry points to the outer context. When parsing, each member gets parsed and subcon parse return value is inserted into context under matching key only if the member was named. When building, the matching entry gets inserted into context before subcon gets build, and if subcon build returns a new value (not None) that gets replaced in the context.
+
+    This class exposes subcons as attributes. You can refer to subcons that were inlined (and therefore do not exist as variable in the namespace) by accessing the struct attributes, under same name. Also note that compiler does not support this feature. See examples.
+
+    This class exposes subcons in the context. You can refer to subcons that were inlined (and therefore do not exist as variable in the namespace) within other inlined fields using the context. Note that you need to use a lambda (`this` expression is not supported). Also note that compiler does not support this feature. See examples.
+
+    .. warning:: If you skip `parsefrom` parameter then stream will be left back at starting offset, not seeked to any common denominator.
+
+    :param parsefrom: how to leave stream after parsing, can be integer index or string name selecting a subcon, or None (leaves stream at initial offset, the default), or context lambda
+    :param \*subcons: Construct instances, list of members, some can be anonymous
+    :param \*\*subconskw: Construct instances, list of members (requires Python 3.6)
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises StreamError: stream is not seekable and tellable
+    :raises UnionError: selector does not match any subcon, or dict given to build does not contain any keys matching any subcon
+    :raises IndexError: selector does not match any subcon
+    :raises KeyError: selector does not match any subcon
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Union(0, 
+        ...     "raw" / Bytes(8),
+        ...     "ints" / Int32ub[2],
+        ...     "shorts" / Int16ub[4],
+        ...     "chars" / Byte[8],
+        ... )
+        >>> d.parse(b"12345678")
+        Container(raw=b'12345678', ints=[825373492, 892745528], shorts=[12594, 13108, 13622, 14136], chars=[49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56])
+        >>> d.build(dict(chars=range(8)))
+        b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07'
+
+        >>> d = Union(None,
+        ...     "animal" / Enum(Byte, giraffe=1),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.animal.giraffe
+        'giraffe'
+        >>> d = Union(None,
+        ...     "chars" / Byte[4],
+        ...     "data" / Bytes(lambda this: this._subcons.chars.sizeof()),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01\x02\x03\x04")
+        Container(chars=[1, 2, 3, 4], data=b'\x01\x02\x03\x04')
+
+        Alternative syntax, but requires Python 3.6 or any PyPy:
+        >>> Union(0, raw=Bytes(8), ints=Int32ub[2], shorts=Int16ub[4], chars=Byte[8])
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, parsefrom, *subcons, **subconskw):
+        if isinstance(parsefrom, Construct):
+            raise UnionError("parsefrom should be either: None int str context-function")
+        super().__init__()
+        self.parsefrom = parsefrom
+        self.subcons = list(subcons) + list(k/v for k,v in subconskw.items())
+        self._subcons = Container((sc.name,sc) for sc in self.subcons if sc.name)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name in self._subcons:
+            return self._subcons[name]
+        raise AttributeError
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        obj = Container()
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        fallback = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        forwards = {}
+        for i,sc in enumerate(self.subcons):
+            subobj = sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+            if sc.name:
+                obj[sc.name] = subobj
+                context[sc.name] = subobj
+            forwards[i] = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            if sc.name:
+                forwards[sc.name] = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            stream_seek(stream, fallback, 0, path)
+        parsefrom = evaluate(self.parsefrom, context)
+        if parsefrom is not None:
+            stream_seek(stream, forwards[parsefrom], 0, path) # raises KeyError
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        context.update(obj)
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            if sc.flagbuildnone:
+                subobj = obj.get(sc.name, None)
+            elif sc.name in obj:
+                subobj = obj[sc.name]
+            else:
+                continue
+
+            if sc.name:
+                context[sc.name] = subobj
+
+            buildret = sc._build(subobj, stream, context, path)
+            if sc.name:
+                context[sc.name] = buildret
+            return Container({sc.name:buildret})
+        else:
+            raise UnionError("cannot build, none of subcons were found in the dictionary %r" % (obj, ), path=path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError("Union builds depending on actual object dict, size is unknown", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        if callable(self.parsefrom):
+            raise NotImplementedError("Union does not compile non-constant parsefrom")
+        fname = "parse_union_%s" % code.allocateId()
+        block = """
+            def %s(io, this):
+                this = Container(_ = this, _params = this['_params'], _root = None, _parsing = True, _building = False, _sizing = False, _subcons = None, _io = io, _index = this.get('_index', None))
+                this['_root'] = this['_'].get('_root', this)
+                fallback = io.tell()
+        """ % (fname, )
+        if isinstance(self.parsefrom, type(None)):
+            index = -1
+            skipfallback = False
+            skipforward = True
+        if isinstance(self.parsefrom, int):
+            index = self.parsefrom
+            self.subcons[index] # raises IndexError
+            skipfallback = True
+            skipforward = self.subcons[index].sizeof() == self.subcons[-1].sizeof()
+        if isinstance(self.parsefrom, str):
+            index = {sc.name:i for i,sc in enumerate(self.subcons) if sc.name}[self.parsefrom] # raises KeyError
+            skipfallback = True
+            skipforward = self.subcons[index].sizeof() == self.subcons[-1].sizeof()
+
+        for i,sc in enumerate(self.subcons):
+            block += """
+                %s%s
+            """ % ("this[%r] = " % sc.name if sc.name else "", sc._compileparse(code))
+            if i == index and not skipforward:
+                block += """
+                forward = io.tell()
+                """
+            if i < len(self.subcons)-1:
+                block += """
+                io.seek(fallback)
+                """
+        if not skipfallback:
+            block += """
+                io.seek(fallback)
+            """
+        if not skipforward:
+            block += """
+                io.seek(forward)
+            """
+        block += """
+                del this['_']
+                del this['_index']
+                return this
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return "%s(io, this)" % (fname,)
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        fname = f"build_union_{code.allocateId()}"
+        block = f"""
+            def {fname}(obj, io, this):
+                this = Container(_ = this, _params = this['_params'], _root = None, _parsing = False, _building = True, _sizing = False, _subcons = None, _io = io, _index = this.get('_index', None))
+                this['_root'] = this['_'].get('_root', this)
+                this.update(obj)
+                objdict = obj
+        """
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            block += f"""
+                if {'True' if sc.flagbuildnone else f'{repr(sc.name)} in objdict'}:
+                    {f'obj = objdict.get({repr(sc.name)}, None)' if sc.flagbuildnone else f'obj = objdict[{repr(sc.name)}]'}
+                    {f'this[{repr(sc.name)}] = obj' if sc.name else ''}
+                    {f'buildret = this[{repr(sc.name)}] = ' if sc.name else ''}{sc._compilebuild(code)}
+                    {f'return Container({{ {repr(sc.name)}:buildret }})'}
+            """
+        block += f"""
+                raise UnionError('cannot build, none of subcons were found in the dictionary')
+        """
+        code.append(block)
+        return f"{fname}(obj, io, this)"
+
+
+class Select(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Selects the first matching subconstruct.
+
+    Parses and builds by literally trying each subcon in sequence until one of them parses or builds without exception. Stream gets reverted back to original position after each failed attempt, but not if parsing succeeds. Size is not defined.
+
+    :param \*subcons: Construct instances, list of members, some can be anonymous
+    :param \*\*subconskw: Construct instances, list of members (requires Python 3.6)
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises StreamError: stream is not seekable and tellable
+    :raises SelectError: neither subcon succeded when parsing or building
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Select(Int32ub, CString("utf8"))
+        >>> d.build(1)
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x01'
+        >>> d.build(u"Афон")
+        b'\xd0\x90\xd1\x84\xd0\xbe\xd0\xbd\x00'
+
+        Alternative syntax, but requires Python 3.6 or any PyPy:
+        >>> Select(num=Int32ub, text=CString("utf8"))
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *subcons, **subconskw):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.subcons = list(subcons) + list(k/v for k,v in subconskw.items())
+        self.flagbuildnone = any(sc.flagbuildnone for sc in self.subcons)
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            fallback = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            try:
+                obj = sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+            except ExplicitError:
+                raise
+            except ConstructError:
+                stream_seek(stream, fallback, 0, path)
+            else:
+                return obj
+        raise SelectError("no subconstruct matched", path=path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            try:
+                data = sc.build(obj, **context)
+            except ExplicitError:
+                raise
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            else:
+                stream_write(stream, data, len(data), path)
+                return obj
+        raise SelectError("no subconstruct matched: %s" % (obj,), path=path)
+
+
+def Optional(subcon):
+    r"""
+    Makes an optional field.
+
+    Parsing attempts to parse subcon. If sub-parsing fails, returns None and reports success. Building attempts to build subcon. If sub-building fails, writes nothing and reports success. Size is undefined, because whether bytes would be consumed or produced depends on actual data and actual context.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+
+    Example::
+
+        Optional  <-->  Select(subcon, Pass)
+
+        >>> d = Optional(Int64ul)
+        >>> d.parse(b"12345678")
+        4050765991979987505
+        >>> d.parse(b"")
+        None
+        >>> d.build(1)
+        b'\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+        >>> d.build(None)
+        b''
+    """
+    return Select(subcon, Pass)
+
+
+def If(condfunc, subcon):
+    r"""
+    If-then conditional construct.
+
+    Parsing evaluates condition, if True then subcon is parsed, otherwise just returns None. Building also evaluates condition, if True then subcon gets build from, otherwise does nothing. Size is either same as subcon or 0, depending how condfunc evaluates.
+
+    :param condfunc: bool or context lambda (or a truthy value)
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, used if condition indicates True
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        If <--> IfThenElse(condfunc, subcon, Pass)
+
+        >>> d = If(this.x > 0, Byte)
+        >>> d.build(255, x=1)
+        b'\xff'
+        >>> d.build(255, x=0)
+        b''
+    """
+    macro = IfThenElse(condfunc, subcon, Pass)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(type=subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise), if_=repr(condfunc).replace("this.",""))
+    macro._emitfulltype = _emitfulltype
+
+    return macro
+
+
+class IfThenElse(Construct):
+    r"""
+    If-then-else conditional construct, similar to ternary operator.
+
+    Parsing and building evaluates condition, and defers to either subcon depending on the value. Size is computed the same way.
+
+    :param condfunc: bool or context lambda (or a truthy value)
+    :param thensubcon: Construct instance, used if condition indicates True
+    :param elsesubcon: Construct instance, used if condition indicates False
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = IfThenElse(this.x > 0, VarInt, Byte)
+        >>> d.build(255, dict(x=1))
+        b'\xff\x01'
+        >>> d.build(255, dict(x=0))
+        b'\xff'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, condfunc, thensubcon, elsesubcon):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.condfunc = condfunc
+        self.thensubcon = thensubcon
+        self.elsesubcon = elsesubcon
+        self.flagbuildnone = thensubcon.flagbuildnone and elsesubcon.flagbuildnone
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        condfunc = evaluate(self.condfunc, context)
+        sc = self.thensubcon if condfunc else self.elsesubcon
+        return sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        condfunc = evaluate(self.condfunc, context)
+        sc = self.thensubcon if condfunc else self.elsesubcon
+        return sc._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        condfunc = evaluate(self.condfunc, context)
+        sc = self.thensubcon if condfunc else self.elsesubcon
+        return sc._sizeof(context, path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return "((%s) if (%s) else (%s))" % (self.thensubcon._compileparse(code), self.condfunc, self.elsesubcon._compileparse(code), )
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"(({self.thensubcon._compilebuild(code)}) if ({repr(self.condfunc)}) else ({self.elsesubcon._compilebuild(code)}))"
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return [
+        dict(id="thenvalue", type=self.thensubcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise), if_=repr(self.condfunc).replace("this.","")),
+        dict(id="elsesubcon", type=self.elsesubcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise), if_=repr(~self.condfunc).replace("this.","")),
+        ]
+
+
+class Switch(Construct):
+    r"""
+    A conditional branch.
+
+    Parsing and building evaluate keyfunc and select a subcon based on the value and dictionary entries. Dictionary (cases) maps values into subcons. If no case matches then `default` is used (that is Pass by default). Note that `default` is a Construct instance, not a dictionary key. Size is evaluated in same way as parsing and building, by evaluating keyfunc and selecting a field accordingly.
+
+    :param keyfunc: context lambda or constant, that matches some key in cases
+    :param cases: dict mapping keys to Construct instances
+    :param default: optional, Construct instance, used when keyfunc is not found in cases, Pass is default value for this parameter, Error is a possible value for this parameter
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Switch(this.n, { 1:Int8ub, 2:Int16ub, 4:Int32ub })
+        >>> d.build(5, n=1)
+        b'\x05'
+        >>> d.build(5, n=4)
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x05'
+
+        >>> d = Switch(this.n, {}, default=Byte)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01", n=255)
+        1
+        >>> d.build(1, n=255)
+        b"\x01"
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, keyfunc, cases, default=None):
+        if default is None:
+            default = Pass
+        super().__init__()
+        self.keyfunc = keyfunc
+        self.cases = cases
+        self.default = default
+        allcases = list(cases.values()) + [default]
+        self.flagbuildnone = all(sc.flagbuildnone for sc in allcases)
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        keyfunc = evaluate(self.keyfunc, context)
+        sc = self.cases.get(keyfunc, self.default)
+        return sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        keyfunc = evaluate(self.keyfunc, context)
+        sc = self.cases.get(keyfunc, self.default)
+        return sc._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        try:
+            keyfunc = evaluate(self.keyfunc, context)
+            sc = self.cases.get(keyfunc, self.default)
+            return sc._sizeof(context, path)
+
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        fname = f"switch_cases_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{fname} = {{}}")
+        for key,sc in self.cases.items():
+            code.append(f"{fname}[{repr(key)}] = lambda io,this: {sc._compileparse(code)}")
+        defaultfname = f"switch_defaultcase_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{defaultfname} = lambda io,this: {self.default._compileparse(code)}")
+        return f"{fname}.get({repr(self.keyfunc)}, {defaultfname})(io, this)"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        fname = f"switch_cases_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{fname} = {{}}")
+        for key,sc in self.cases.items():
+            code.append(f"{fname}[{repr(key)}] = lambda obj,io,this: {sc._compilebuild(code)}")
+        defaultfname = f"switch_defaultcase_{code.allocateId()}"
+        code.append(f"{defaultfname} = lambda obj,io,this: {self.default._compilebuild(code)}")
+        return f"{fname}.get({repr(self.keyfunc)}, {defaultfname})(obj, io, this)"
+
+
+class StopIf(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Checks for a condition, and stops certain classes (:class:`~construct.core.Struct` :class:`~construct.core.Sequence` :class:`~construct.core.GreedyRange`) from parsing or building further.
+
+    Parsing and building check the condition, and raise StopFieldError if indicated. Size is undefined.
+
+    :param condfunc: bool or context lambda (or truthy value)
+
+    :raises StopFieldError: used internally
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> Struct('x'/Byte, StopIf(this.x == 0), 'y'/Byte)
+        >>> Sequence('x'/Byte, StopIf(this.x == 0), 'y'/Byte)
+        >>> GreedyRange(FocusedSeq(0, 'x'/Byte, StopIf(this.x == 0)))
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, condfunc):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.condfunc = condfunc
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        condfunc = evaluate(self.condfunc, context)
+        if condfunc:
+            raise StopFieldError(path=path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        condfunc = evaluate(self.condfunc, context)
+        if condfunc:
+            raise StopFieldError(path=path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError("StopIf cannot determine size because it depends on actual context which then depends on actual data and outer constructs", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        code.append(f"""
+            def parse_stopif(condition):
+                if condition:
+                    raise StopFieldError
+        """)
+        return f"parse_stopif({repr(self.condfunc)})"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        code.append(f"""
+            def build_stopif(condition):
+                if condition:
+                    raise StopFieldError
+        """)
+        return f"build_stopif({repr(self.condfunc)})"
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# alignment and padding
+#===============================================================================
+def Padding(length, pattern=b"\x00"):
+    r"""
+    Appends null bytes.
+
+    Parsing consumes specified amount of bytes and discards it. Building writes specified pattern byte multiplied into specified length. Size is same as specified.
+
+    :param length: integer or context lambda, length of the padding
+    :param pattern: b-character, padding pattern, default is \\x00
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises PaddingError: length was negative
+    :raises PaddingError: pattern was not bytes (b-character)
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Padding(4) or Padded(4, Pass)
+        >>> d.build(None)
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+        >>> d.parse(b"****")
+        None
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        4
+    """
+    macro = Padded(length, Pass, pattern=pattern)
+    def _emitprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise):
+        if not bitwise:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+        return "b%s" % (length, )
+    def _emitfulltype(ksy, bitwise):
+        if bitwise:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+        return dict(size=length)
+    macro._emitprimitivetype = _emitprimitivetype
+    macro._emitfulltype = _emitfulltype
+    return macro
+
+
+class Padded(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Appends additional null bytes to achieve a length.
+
+    Parsing first parses the subcon, then uses stream.tell() to measure how many bytes were read and consumes additional bytes accordingly. Building first builds the subcon, then uses stream.tell() to measure how many bytes were written and produces additional bytes accordingly. Size is same as `length`, but negative amount results in error. Note that subcon can actually be variable size, it is the eventual amount of bytes that is read or written during parsing or building that determines actual padding.
+
+    :param length: integer or context lambda, length of the padding
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param pattern: optional, b-character, padding pattern, default is \\x00
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises PaddingError: length is negative
+    :raises PaddingError: subcon read or written more than the length (would cause negative pad)
+    :raises PaddingError: pattern is not bytes of length 1
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Padded(4, Byte)
+        >>> d.build(255)
+        b'\xff\x00\x00\x00'
+        >>> d.parse(_)
+        255
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        4
+
+        >>> d = Padded(4, VarInt)
+        >>> d.build(1)
+        b'\x01\x00\x00\x00'
+        >>> d.build(70000)
+        b'\xf0\xa2\x04\x00'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, length, subcon, pattern=b"\x00"):
+        if not isinstance(pattern, bytestringtype) or len(pattern) != 1:
+            raise PaddingError("pattern expected to be bytes of length 1")
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.length = length
+        self.pattern = pattern
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+        if length < 0:
+            raise PaddingError("length cannot be negative", path=path)
+        position1 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        obj = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+        position2 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        pad = length - (position2 - position1)
+        if pad < 0:
+            raise PaddingError("subcon parsed %d bytes but was allowed only %d" % (position2-position1, length), path=path)
+        stream_read(stream, pad, path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+        if length < 0:
+            raise PaddingError("length cannot be negative", path=path)
+        position1 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+        position2 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        pad = length - (position2 - position1)
+        if pad < 0:
+            raise PaddingError("subcon build %d bytes but was allowed only %d" % (position2-position1, length), path=path)
+        stream_write(stream, self.pattern * pad, pad, path)
+        return buildret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        try:
+            length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+            if length < 0:
+                raise PaddingError("length cannot be negative", path=path)
+            return length
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"({self.subcon._compileparse(code)}, io.read(({self.length})-({self.subcon.sizeof()}) ))[0]"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"({self.subcon._compilebuild(code)}, io.write({repr(self.pattern)}*(({self.length})-({self.subcon.sizeof()})) ))[0]"
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(size=self.length, type=self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise))
+
+
+class Aligned(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Appends additional null bytes to achieve a length that is shortest multiple of a modulus.
+
+    Note that subcon can actually be variable size, it is the eventual amount of bytes that is read or written during parsing or building that determines actual padding.
+
+    Parsing first parses subcon, then consumes an amount of bytes to sum up to specified length, and discards it. Building first builds subcon, then writes specified pattern byte to sum up to specified length. Size is subcon size plus modulo remainder, unless SizeofError was raised.
+
+    :param modulus: integer or context lambda, modulus to final length
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param pattern: optional, b-character, padding pattern, default is \\x00
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises PaddingError: modulus was less than 2
+    :raises PaddingError: pattern was not bytes (b-character)
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Aligned(4, Int16ub)
+        >>> d.parse(b'\x00\x01\x00\x00')
+        1
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        4
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, modulus, subcon, pattern=b"\x00"):
+        if not isinstance(pattern, bytestringtype) or len(pattern) != 1:
+            raise PaddingError("pattern expected to be bytes character")
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.modulus = modulus
+        self.pattern = pattern
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        modulus = evaluate(self.modulus, context)
+        if modulus < 2:
+            raise PaddingError("expected modulo 2 or greater", path=path)
+        position1 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        obj = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+        position2 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        pad = -(position2 - position1) % modulus
+        stream_read(stream, pad, path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        modulus = evaluate(self.modulus, context)
+        if modulus < 2:
+            raise PaddingError("expected modulo 2 or greater", path=path)
+        position1 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+        position2 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        pad = -(position2 - position1) % modulus
+        stream_write(stream, self.pattern * pad, pad, path)
+        return buildret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        try:
+            modulus = evaluate(self.modulus, context)
+            if modulus < 2:
+                raise PaddingError("expected modulo 2 or greater", path=path)
+            subconlen = self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+            return subconlen + (-subconlen % modulus)
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"({self.subcon._compileparse(code)}, io.read(-({self.subcon.sizeof()}) % ({self.modulus}) ))[0]"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"({self.subcon._compilebuild(code)}, io.write({repr(self.pattern)}*(-({self.subcon.sizeof()}) % ({self.modulus}))) )[0]"
+
+
+def AlignedStruct(modulus, *subcons, **subconskw):
+    r"""
+    Makes a structure where each field is aligned to the same modulus (it is a struct of aligned fields, NOT an aligned struct).
+
+    See :class:`~construct.core.Aligned` and :class:`~construct.core.Struct` for semantics and raisable exceptions.
+
+    :param modulus: integer or context lambda, passed to each member
+    :param \*subcons: Construct instances, list of members, some can be anonymous
+    :param \*\*subconskw: Construct instances, list of members (requires Python 3.6)
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = AlignedStruct(4, "a"/Int8ub, "b"/Int16ub)
+        >>> d.build(dict(a=0xFF,b=0xFFFF))
+        b'\xff\x00\x00\x00\xff\xff\x00\x00'
+    """
+    subcons = list(subcons) + list(k/v for k,v in subconskw.items())
+    return Struct(*[sc.name / Aligned(modulus, sc) for sc in subcons])
+
+
+def BitStruct(*subcons, **subconskw):
+    r"""
+    Makes a structure inside a Bitwise.
+
+    See :class:`~construct.core.Bitwise` and :class:`~construct.core.Struct` for semantics and raisable exceptions.
+
+    :param \*subcons: Construct instances, list of members, some can be anonymous
+    :param \*\*subconskw: Construct instances, list of members (requires Python 3.6)
+
+    Example::
+
+        BitStruct  <-->  Bitwise(Struct(...))
+
+        >>> d = BitStruct(
+        ...     "a" / Flag,
+        ...     "b" / Nibble,
+        ...     "c" / BitsInteger(10),
+        ...     "d" / Padding(1),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.parse(b"\xbe\xef")
+        Container(a=True, b=7, c=887, d=None)
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        2
+    """
+    return Bitwise(Struct(*subcons, **subconskw))
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# stream manipulation
+#===============================================================================
+class Pointer(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Jumps in the stream forth and back for one field.
+
+    Parsing and building seeks the stream to new location, processes subcon, and seeks back to original location. Size is defined as 0 but that does not mean no bytes are written into the stream.
+
+    Offset can be positive, indicating a position from stream beginning forward, or negative, indicating a position from EOF backwards.
+
+    :param offset: integer or context lambda, positive or negative
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param stream: None to use original stream (default), or context lambda to provide a different stream
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises StreamError: stream is not seekable and tellable
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Pointer(8, Bytes(1))
+        >>> d.parse(b"abcdefghijkl")
+        b'i'
+        >>> d.build(b"Z")
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00Z'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, offset, subcon, stream=None):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.offset = offset
+        self.stream = stream
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        offset = evaluate(self.offset, context)
+        stream = evaluate(self.stream, context) or stream
+        fallback = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        stream_seek(stream, offset, 2 if offset < 0 else 0, path)
+        obj = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+        stream_seek(stream, fallback, 0, path)
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        offset = evaluate(self.offset, context)
+        stream = evaluate(self.stream, context) or stream
+        fallback = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        stream_seek(stream, offset, 2 if offset < 0 else 0, path)
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+        stream_seek(stream, fallback, 0, path)
+        return buildret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return 0
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        code.append(f"""
+            def parse_pointer(io, offset, func):
+                fallback = io.tell()
+                io.seek(offset, 2 if offset < 0 else 0)
+                obj = func()
+                io.seek(fallback)
+                return obj
+        """)
+        return f"parse_pointer(io, {self.offset}, lambda: {self.subcon._compileparse(code)})"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        code.append(f"""
+            def build_pointer(obj, io, offset, func):
+                fallback = io.tell()
+                io.seek(offset, 2 if offset < 0 else 0)
+                ret = func()
+                io.seek(fallback)
+                return ret
+        """)
+        return f"build_pointer(obj, io, {self.offset}, lambda: {self.subcon._compilebuild(code)})"
+
+    def _emitprimitivetype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        offset = self.offset.__getfield__() if callable(self.offset) else self.offset
+        name = "instance_%s" % ksy.allocateId()
+        ksy.instances[name] = dict(pos=offset, **self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise))
+        return name
+
+
+class Peek(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Peeks at the stream.
+
+    Parsing sub-parses (and returns None if failed), then reverts stream to original position. Building does nothing (its NOT deferred). Size is defined as 0 because there is no building.
+
+    This class is used in :class:`~construct.core.Union` class to parse each member.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises StreamError: stream is not seekable and tellable
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Sequence(Peek(Int8ub), Peek(Int16ub))
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01\x02")
+        [1, 258]
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        0
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        fallback = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        try:
+            return self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+        except ExplicitError:
+            raise
+        except ConstructError:
+            pass
+        finally:
+            stream_seek(stream, fallback, 0, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return 0
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        code.append("""
+            def parse_peek(io, func):
+                fallback = io.tell()
+                try:
+                    return func()
+                except ExplicitError:
+                    raise
+                except ConstructError:
+                    pass
+                finally:
+                    io.seek(fallback)
+        """)
+        return "parse_peek(io, lambda: %s)" % (self.subcon._compileparse(code),)
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return "obj"
+
+
+class Seek(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Seeks the stream.
+
+    Parsing and building seek the stream to given location (and whence), and return stream.seek() return value. Size is not defined.
+
+    .. seealso:: Analog :class:`~construct.core.Pointer` wrapper that has same side effect but also processes a subcon, and also seeks back.
+
+    :param at: integer or context lambda, where to jump to
+    :param whence: optional, integer or context lambda, is the offset from beginning (0) or from current position (1) or from EOF (2), default is 0
+
+    :raises StreamError: stream is not seekable
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = (Seek(5) >> Byte)
+        >>> d.parse(b"01234x")
+        [5, 120]
+
+        >>> d = (Bytes(10) >> Seek(5) >> Byte)
+        >>> d.build([b"0123456789", None, 255])
+        b'01234\xff6789'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, at, whence=0):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.at = at
+        self.whence = whence
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        at = evaluate(self.at, context)
+        whence = evaluate(self.whence, context)
+        return stream_seek(stream, at, whence, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        at = evaluate(self.at, context)
+        whence = evaluate(self.whence, context)
+        return stream_seek(stream, at, whence, path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError("Seek only moves the stream, size is not meaningful", path=path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"io.seek({self.at}, {self.whence})"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"io.seek({self.at}, {self.whence})"
+
+
+@singleton
+class Tell(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Tells the stream.
+
+    Parsing and building return current stream offset using using stream.tell(). Size is defined as 0 because parsing and building does not consume or add into the stream.
+
+    Tell is useful for adjusting relative offsets to absolute positions, or to measure sizes of Constructs. To get an absolute pointer, use a Tell plus a relative offset. To get a size, place two Tells and measure their difference using a Compute field. However, its recommended to use :class:`~construct.core.RawCopy` instead of manually extracting two positions and computing difference.
+
+    :raises StreamError: stream is not tellable
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Struct("num"/VarInt, "offset"/Tell)
+        >>> d.parse(b"X")
+        Container(num=88, offset=1)
+        >>> d.build(dict(num=88))
+        b'X'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        return stream_tell(stream, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return stream_tell(stream, path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return 0
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return "io.tell()"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return "io.tell()"
+
+
+@singleton
+class Pass(Construct):
+    r"""
+    No-op construct, useful as default cases for Switch and Enum.
+
+    Parsing returns None. Building does nothing. Size is 0 by definition.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> Pass.parse(b"")
+        None
+        >>> Pass.build(None)
+        b''
+        >>> Pass.sizeof()
+        0
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        return None
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return 0
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return "None"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return "None"
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(size=0)
+
+
+@singleton
+class Terminated(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Asserts end of stream (EOF). You can use it to ensure no more unparsed data follows in the stream.
+
+    Parsing checks if stream reached EOF, and raises TerminatedError if not. Building does nothing. Size is defined as 0 because parsing and building does not consume or add into the stream, as far as other constructs see it.
+
+    :raises TerminatedError: stream not at EOF when parsing
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> Terminated.parse(b"")
+        None
+        >>> Terminated.parse(b"remaining")
+        construct.core.TerminatedError: expected end of stream
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        if stream.read(1):
+            raise TerminatedError("expected end of stream", path=path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError(path=path)
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# tunneling and byte/bit swapping
+#===============================================================================
+class RawCopy(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Used to obtain byte representation of a field (aside of object value).
+
+    Returns a dict containing both parsed subcon value, the raw bytes that were consumed by subcon, starting and ending offset in the stream, and amount in bytes. Builds either from raw bytes representation or a value used by subcon. Size is same as subcon.
+
+    Object is a dictionary with either "data" or "value" keys, or both.
+
+    When building, if both the "value" and "data" keys are present, then the "data" key is used and the "value" key is ignored. This is undesirable in the case that you parse some data for the purpose of modifying it and writing it back; in this case, delete the "data" key when modifying the "value" key to correctly rebuild the former.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+
+    :raises StreamError: stream is not seekable and tellable
+    :raises RawCopyError: building and neither data or value was given
+    :raises StringError: building from non-bytes value, perhaps unicode
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = RawCopy(Byte)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\xff")
+        Container(data=b'\xff', value=255, offset1=0, offset2=1, length=1)
+        >>> d.build(dict(data=b"\xff"))
+        '\xff'
+        >>> d.build(dict(value=255))
+        '\xff'
+    """
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        offset1 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        obj = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+        offset2 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        stream_seek(stream, offset1, 0, path)
+        data = stream_read(stream, offset2-offset1, path)
+        return Container(data=data, value=obj, offset1=offset1, offset2=offset2, length=(offset2-offset1))
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        if obj is None and self.subcon.flagbuildnone:
+            obj = dict(value=None)
+        if 'data' in obj:
+            data = obj['data']
+            offset1 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            stream_write(stream, data, len(data), path)
+            offset2 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            return Container(obj, data=data, offset1=offset1, offset2=offset2, length=(offset2-offset1))
+        if 'value' in obj:
+            value = obj['value']
+            offset1 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            buildret = self.subcon._build(value, stream, context, path)
+            value = value if buildret is None else buildret
+            offset2 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            stream_seek(stream, offset1, 0, path)
+            data = stream_read(stream, offset2-offset1, path)
+            return Container(obj, data=data, value=value, offset1=offset1, offset2=offset2, length=(offset2-offset1))
+        raise RawCopyError('RawCopy cannot build, both data and value keys are missing', path=path)
+
+
+def ByteSwapped(subcon):
+    r"""
+    Swaps the byte order within boundaries of given subcon. Requires a fixed sized subcon.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon on top of byte swapped bytes
+
+    :raises SizeofError: ctor or compiler could not compute subcon size
+
+    See :class:`~construct.core.Transformed` and :class:`~construct.core.Restreamed` for raisable exceptions.
+
+    Example::
+
+        Int24ul <--> ByteSwapped(Int24ub) <--> BytesInteger(3, swapped=True) <--> ByteSwapped(BytesInteger(3))
+    """
+
+    size = subcon.sizeof()
+    return Transformed(subcon, swapbytes, size, swapbytes, size)
+
+
+def BitsSwapped(subcon):
+    r"""
+    Swaps the bit order within each byte within boundaries of given subcon. Does NOT require a fixed sized subcon.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon on top of bit swapped bytes
+
+    :raises SizeofError: compiler could not compute subcon size
+
+    See :class:`~construct.core.Transformed` and :class:`~construct.core.Restreamed` for raisable exceptions.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Bitwise(Bytes(8))
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01")
+        '\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01'
+        >>>> BitsSwapped(d).parse(b"\x01")
+        '\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+    """
+
+    try:
+        size = subcon.sizeof()
+        return Transformed(subcon, swapbitsinbytes, size, swapbitsinbytes, size)
+    except SizeofError:
+        return Restreamed(subcon, swapbitsinbytes, 1, swapbitsinbytes, 1, lambda n: n)
+
+
+class Prefixed(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Prefixes a field with byte count.
+
+    Parses the length field. Then reads that amount of bytes, and parses subcon using only those bytes. Constructs that consume entire remaining stream are constrained to consuming only the specified amount of bytes (a substream). When building, data gets prefixed by its length. Optionally, length field can include its own size. Size is the sum of both fields sizes, unless either raises SizeofError.
+
+    Analog to :class:`~construct.core.PrefixedArray` which prefixes with an element count, instead of byte count. Semantics is similar but implementation is different.
+
+    :class:`~construct.core.VarInt` is recommended for new protocols, as it is more compact and never overflows.
+
+    :param lengthfield: Construct instance, field used for storing the length
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon used for storing the value
+    :param includelength: optional, bool, whether length field should include its own size, default is False
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Prefixed(VarInt, GreedyRange(Int32ul))
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x08abcdefgh")
+        [1684234849, 1751606885]
+
+        >>> d = PrefixedArray(VarInt, Int32ul)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x02abcdefgh")
+        [1684234849, 1751606885]
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, lengthfield, subcon, includelength=False):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.lengthfield = lengthfield
+        self.includelength = includelength
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        length = self.lengthfield._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+        if self.includelength:
+            length -= self.lengthfield._sizeof(context, path)
+        data = stream_read(stream, length, path)
+        if self.subcon is GreedyBytes:
+            return data
+        if type(self.subcon) is GreedyString:
+            return data.decode(self.subcon.encoding)
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(io.BytesIO(data), context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        stream2 = io.BytesIO()
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream2, context, path)
+        data = stream2.getvalue()
+        length = len(data)
+        if self.includelength:
+            length += self.lengthfield._sizeof(context, path)
+        self.lengthfield._build(length, stream, context, path)
+        stream_write(stream, data, len(data), path)
+        return buildret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return self.lengthfield._sizeof(context, path) + self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+
+    def _actualsize(self, stream, context, path):
+        position1 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        length = self.lengthfield._parse(stream, context, path)
+        if self.includelength:
+            length -= self.lengthfield._sizeof(context, path)
+        position2 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        return (position2-position1) + length
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        sub = self.lengthfield.sizeof() if self.includelength else 0
+        return f"restream(io.read(({self.lengthfield._compileparse(code)})-({sub})), lambda io: ({self.subcon._compileparse(code)}))"
+
+    def _emitseq(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return [
+            dict(id="lengthfield", type=self.lengthfield._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)), 
+            dict(id="data", size="lengthfield", type=self.subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)),
+        ]
+
+
+def PrefixedArray(countfield, subcon):
+    r"""
+    Prefixes an array with item count (as opposed to prefixed by byte count, see :class:`~construct.core.Prefixed`).
+
+    :class:`~construct.core.VarInt` is recommended for new protocols, as it is more compact and never overflows.
+
+    :param countfield: Construct instance, field used for storing the element count
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon used for storing each element
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises RangeError: consumed or produced too little elements
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Prefixed(VarInt, GreedyRange(Int32ul))
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x08abcdefgh")
+        [1684234849, 1751606885]
+
+        >>> d = PrefixedArray(VarInt, Int32ul)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x02abcdefgh")
+        [1684234849, 1751606885]
+    """
+    macro = FocusedSeq("items",
+        "count" / Rebuild(countfield, len_(this.items)),
+        "items" / subcon[this.count],
+    )
+
+    def _emitparse(code):
+        return "ListContainer((%s) for i in range(%s))" % (subcon._compileparse(code), countfield._compileparse(code), )
+    macro._emitparse = _emitparse
+
+    def _emitbuild(code):
+        return f"(reuse(len(obj), lambda obj: {countfield._compilebuild(code)}), list({subcon._compilebuild(code)} for obj in obj), obj)[2]"
+    macro._emitbuild = _emitbuild
+
+    def _actualsize(self, stream, context, path):
+        position1 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        count = countfield._parse(stream, context, path)
+        position2 = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        return (position2-position1) + count * subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+    macro._actualsize = _actualsize
+
+    def _emitseq(ksy, bitwise):
+        return [
+            dict(id="countfield", type=countfield._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise)), 
+            dict(id="data", type=subcon._compileprimitivetype(ksy, bitwise), repeat="expr", repeat_expr="countfield"),
+        ]
+    macro._emitseq = _emitseq
+
+    return macro
+
+
+class FixedSized(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Restricts parsing to specified amount of bytes.
+
+    Parsing reads `length` bytes, then defers to subcon using new BytesIO with said bytes. Building builds the subcon using new BytesIO, then writes said data and additional null bytes accordingly. Size is same as `length`, although negative amount raises an error.
+
+    :param length: integer or context lambda, total amount of bytes (both data and padding)
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises PaddingError: length is negative
+    :raises PaddingError: subcon written more bytes than entire length (negative padding)
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = FixedSized(10, Byte)
+        >>> d.parse(b'\xff\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00')
+        255
+        >>> d.build(255)
+        b'\xff\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        10
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, length, subcon):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.length = length
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+        if length < 0:
+            raise PaddingError("length cannot be negative", path=path)
+        data = stream_read(stream, length, path)
+        if self.subcon is GreedyBytes:
+            return data
+        if type(self.subcon) is GreedyString:
+            return data.decode(self.subcon.encoding)
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(io.BytesIO(data), context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+        if length < 0:
+            raise PaddingError("length cannot be negative", path=path)
+        stream2 = io.BytesIO()
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream2, context, path)
+        data = stream2.getvalue()
+        pad = length - len(data)
+        if pad < 0:
+            raise PaddingError("subcon build %d bytes but was allowed only %d" % (len(data), length), path=path)
+        stream_write(stream, data, len(data), path)
+        stream_write(stream, bytes(pad), pad, path)
+        return buildret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        length = evaluate(self.length, context)
+        if length < 0:
+            raise PaddingError("length cannot be negative", path=path)
+        return length
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"restream(io.read({self.length}), lambda io: ({self.subcon._compileparse(code)}))"
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        return dict(size=repr(self.length).replace("this.",""), **self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise))
+
+
+class NullTerminated(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Restricts parsing to bytes preceding a null byte.
+
+    Parsing reads one byte at a time and accumulates it with previous bytes. When term was found, (by default) consumes but discards the term. When EOF was found, (by default) raises same StreamError exception. Then subcon is parsed using new BytesIO made with said data. Building builds the subcon and then writes the term. Size is undefined.
+
+    The term can be multiple bytes, to support string classes with UTF16/32 encodings.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param term: optional, bytes, terminator byte-string, default is \x00 single null byte
+    :param include: optional, bool, if to include terminator in resulting data, default is False
+    :param consume: optional, bool, if to consume terminator or leave it in the stream, default is True
+    :param require: optional, bool, if EOF results in failure or not, default is True
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises StreamError: encountered EOF but require is not disabled
+    :raises PaddingError: terminator is less than 1 bytes in length
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = NullTerminated(Byte)
+        >>> d.parse(b'\xff\x00')
+        255
+        >>> d.build(255)
+        b'\xff\x00'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, term=b"\x00", include=False, consume=True, require=True):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.term = term
+        self.include = include
+        self.consume = consume
+        self.require = require
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        term = self.term
+        unit = len(term)
+        if unit < 1:
+            raise PaddingError("NullTerminated term must be at least 1 byte", path=path)
+        data = b''
+        while True:
+            try:
+                b = stream_read(stream, unit, path)
+            except StreamError:
+                if self.require:
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    break
+            if b == term:
+                if self.include:
+                    data += b
+                if not self.consume:
+                    stream_seek(stream, -unit, 1, path)
+                break
+            data += b
+        if self.subcon is GreedyBytes:
+            return data
+        if type(self.subcon) is GreedyString:
+            return data.decode(self.subcon.encoding)
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(io.BytesIO(data), context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+        stream_write(stream, self.term, len(self.term), path)
+        return buildret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError(path=path)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        if len(self.term) > 1:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+        return dict(terminator=byte2int(self.term), include=self.include, consume=self.consume, eos_error=self.require, **self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise))
+
+
+class NullStripped(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Restricts parsing to bytes except padding left of EOF.
+
+    Parsing reads entire stream, then strips the data from right to left of null bytes, then parses subcon using new BytesIO made of said data. Building defers to subcon as-is. Size is undefined, because it reads till EOF.
+
+    The pad can be multiple bytes, to support string classes with UTF16/32 encodings.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param pad: optional, bytes, padding byte-string, default is \x00 single null byte
+
+    :raises PaddingError: pad is less than 1 bytes in length
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = NullStripped(Byte)
+        >>> d.parse(b'\xff\x00\x00')
+        255
+        >>> d.build(255)
+        b'\xff'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, pad=b"\x00"):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.pad = pad
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        pad = self.pad
+        unit = len(pad)
+        if unit < 1:
+            raise PaddingError("NullStripped pad must be at least 1 byte", path=path)
+        data = stream_read_entire(stream, path)
+        if unit == 1:
+            data = data.rstrip(pad)
+        else:
+            tailunit = len(data) % unit
+            end = len(data)
+            if tailunit and data[-tailunit:] == pad[:tailunit]:
+                end -= tailunit
+            while end-unit >= 0 and data[end-unit:end] == pad:
+                end -= unit
+            data = data[:end]
+        if self.subcon is GreedyBytes:
+            return data
+        if type(self.subcon) is GreedyString:
+            return data.decode(self.subcon.encoding)
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(io.BytesIO(data), context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        raise SizeofError(path=path)
+
+    def _emitfulltype(self, ksy, bitwise):
+        if len(self.pad) > 1:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+        return dict(pad_right=byte2int(self.pad), **self.subcon._compilefulltype(ksy, bitwise))
+
+
+class RestreamData(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Parses a field on external data (but does not build).
+
+    Parsing defers to subcon, but provides it a separate BytesIO stream based on data provided by datafunc (a bytes literal or another BytesIO stream or Construct instances that returns bytes or context lambda). Building does nothing. Size is 0 because as far as other fields see it, this field does not produce or consume any bytes from the stream.
+
+    :param datafunc: bytes or BytesIO or Construct instance (that parses into bytes) or context lambda, provides data for subcon to parse from
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambdas, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = RestreamData(b"\x01", Int8ub)
+        >>> d.parse(b"")
+        1
+        >>> d.build(0)
+        b''
+
+        >>> d = RestreamData(NullTerminated(GreedyBytes), Int16ub)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01\x02\x00")
+        0x0102
+        >>> d = RestreamData(FixedSized(2, GreedyBytes), Int16ub)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01\x02\x00")
+        0x0102
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datafunc, subcon):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.datafunc = datafunc
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        data = evaluate(self.datafunc, context)
+        if isinstance(data, bytestringtype):
+            stream2 = io.BytesIO(data)
+        if isinstance(data, io.BytesIO):
+            stream2 = data
+        if isinstance(data, Construct):
+            stream2 = io.BytesIO(data._parsereport(stream, context, path))
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(stream2, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return 0
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return "restream(%r, lambda io: %s)" % (self.datafunc, self.subcon._compileparse(code), )
+
+
+class Transformed(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Transforms bytes between the underlying stream and the (fixed-sized) subcon.
+
+    Parsing reads a specified amount (or till EOF), processes data using a bytes-to-bytes decoding function, then parses subcon using those data. Building does build subcon into separate bytes, then processes it using encoding bytes-to-bytes function, then writes those data into main stream. Size is reported as `decodeamount` or `encodeamount` if those are equal, otherwise its SizeofError.
+
+    Used internally to implement :class:`~construct.core.Bitwise` :class:`~construct.core.Bytewise` :class:`~construct.core.ByteSwapped` :class:`~construct.core.BitsSwapped` .
+
+    Possible use-cases include encryption, obfuscation, byte-level encoding.
+
+    .. warning:: Remember that subcon must consume (or produce) an amount of bytes that is same as `decodeamount` (or `encodeamount`).
+
+    .. warning:: Do NOT use seeking/telling classes inside Transformed context.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param decodefunc: bytes-to-bytes function, applied before parsing subcon
+    :param decodeamount: integer, amount of bytes to read
+    :param encodefunc: bytes-to-bytes function, applied after building subcon
+    :param encodeamount: integer, amount of bytes to write
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises StreamError: subcon build and encoder transformed more or less than `encodeamount` bytes, if amount is specified
+    :raises StringError: building from non-bytes value, perhaps unicode
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambdas, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Transformed(Bytes(16), bytes2bits, 2, bits2bytes, 2)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x00\x00")
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+
+        >>> d = Transformed(GreedyBytes, bytes2bits, None, bits2bytes, None)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x00\x00")
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, decodefunc, decodeamount, encodefunc, encodeamount):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.decodefunc = decodefunc
+        self.decodeamount = decodeamount
+        self.encodefunc = encodefunc
+        self.encodeamount = encodeamount
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        if isinstance(self.decodeamount, type(None)):
+            data = stream_read_entire(stream, path)
+        if isinstance(self.decodeamount, integertypes):
+            data = stream_read(stream, self.decodeamount, path)
+        data = self.decodefunc(data)
+        if self.subcon is GreedyBytes:
+            return data
+        if type(self.subcon) is GreedyString:
+            return data.decode(self.subcon.encoding)
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(io.BytesIO(data), context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        stream2 = io.BytesIO()
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream2, context, path)
+        data = stream2.getvalue()
+        data = self.encodefunc(data)
+        if isinstance(self.encodeamount, integertypes):
+            if len(data) != self.encodeamount:
+                raise StreamError("encoding transformation produced wrong amount of bytes, %s instead of expected %s" % (len(data), self.encodeamount, ), path=path)
+        stream_write(stream, data, len(data), path)
+        return buildret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        if self.decodeamount is None or self.encodeamount is None:
+            raise SizeofError(path=path)
+        if self.decodeamount == self.encodeamount:
+            return self.encodeamount
+        raise SizeofError(path=path)
+
+
+class Restreamed(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Transforms bytes between the underlying stream and the (variable-sized) subcon.
+
+    Used internally to implement :class:`~construct.core.Bitwise` :class:`~construct.core.Bytewise` :class:`~construct.core.ByteSwapped` :class:`~construct.core.BitsSwapped` .
+
+    .. warning:: Remember that subcon must consume or produce an amount of bytes that is a multiple of encoding or decoding units. For example, in a Bitwise context you should process a multiple of 8 bits or the stream will fail during parsing/building.
+
+    .. warning:: Do NOT use seeking/telling classes inside Restreamed context.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+    :param decoder: bytes-to-bytes function, used on data chunks when parsing
+    :param decoderunit: integer, decoder takes chunks of this size
+    :param encoder: bytes-to-bytes function, used on data chunks when building
+    :param encoderunit: integer, encoder takes chunks of this size
+    :param sizecomputer: function that computes amount of bytes outputed
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+    Can also raise arbitrary exceptions in RestreamedBytesIO implementation.
+
+    Example::
+
+        Bitwise  <--> Restreamed(subcon, bits2bytes, 8, bytes2bits, 1, lambda n: n//8)
+        Bytewise <--> Restreamed(subcon, bytes2bits, 1, bits2bytes, 8, lambda n: n*8)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, decoder, decoderunit, encoder, encoderunit, sizecomputer):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.decoder = decoder
+        self.decoderunit = decoderunit
+        self.encoder = encoder
+        self.encoderunit = encoderunit
+        self.sizecomputer = sizecomputer
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        stream2 = RestreamedBytesIO(stream, self.decoder, self.decoderunit, self.encoder, self.encoderunit)
+        obj = self.subcon._parsereport(stream2, context, path)
+        stream2.close()
+        return obj
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        stream2 = RestreamedBytesIO(stream, self.decoder, self.decoderunit, self.encoder, self.encoderunit)
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream2, context, path)
+        stream2.close()
+        return obj
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        if self.sizecomputer is None:
+            raise SizeofError("Restreamed cannot calculate size without a sizecomputer", path=path)
+        else:
+            return self.sizecomputer(self.subcon._sizeof(context, path))
+
+
+class ProcessXor(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Transforms bytes between the underlying stream and the subcon.
+
+    Used internally by KaitaiStruct compiler, when translating `process: xor` tags.
+
+    Parsing reads till EOF, xors data with the pad, then feeds that data into subcon. Building first builds the subcon into separate BytesIO stream, xors data with the pad, then writes that data into the main stream. Size is the same as subcon, unless it raises SizeofError.
+
+    :param padfunc: integer or bytes or context lambda, single or multiple bytes to xor data with
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+
+    :raises StringError: pad is not integer or bytes
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = ProcessXor(0xf0 or b'\xf0', Int16ub)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x00\xff")
+        0xf00f
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        2
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, padfunc, subcon):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.padfunc = padfunc
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        pad = evaluate(self.padfunc, context)
+        if not isinstance(pad, (integertypes, bytestringtype)):
+            raise StringError("ProcessXor needs integer or bytes pad", path=path)
+        if isinstance(pad, bytestringtype) and len(pad) == 1:
+            pad = byte2int(pad)
+        data = stream_read_entire(stream, path)
+        if isinstance(pad, integertypes):
+            if not (pad == 0):
+                data = integers2bytes( (b ^ pad) for b in data )
+        if isinstance(pad, bytestringtype):
+            if not (len(pad) <= 64 and pad == bytes(len(pad))):
+                data = integers2bytes( (b ^ p) for b,p in zip(data, itertools.cycle(pad)) )
+        if self.subcon is GreedyBytes:
+            return data
+        if type(self.subcon) is GreedyString:
+            return data.decode(self.subcon.encoding)
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(io.BytesIO(data), context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        pad = evaluate(self.padfunc, context)
+        if not isinstance(pad, (integertypes, bytestringtype)):
+            raise StringError("ProcessXor needs integer or bytes pad", path=path)
+        if isinstance(pad, bytestringtype) and len(pad) == 1:
+            pad = byte2int(pad)
+        stream2 = io.BytesIO()
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream2, context, path)
+        data = stream2.getvalue()
+        if isinstance(pad, integertypes):
+            if not (pad == 0):
+                data = integers2bytes( (b ^ pad) for b in data )
+        if isinstance(pad, bytestringtype):
+            if not (len(pad) <= 64 and pad == bytes(len(pad))):
+                data = integers2bytes( (b ^ p) for b,p in zip(data, itertools.cycle(pad)) )
+        stream_write(stream, data, len(data), path)
+        return buildret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+
+
+class ProcessRotateLeft(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Transforms bytes between the underlying stream and the subcon.
+
+    Used internally by KaitaiStruct compiler, when translating `process: rol/ror` tags.
+
+    Parsing reads till EOF, rotates (shifts) the data *left* by amount in bits, then feeds that data into subcon. Building first builds the subcon into separate BytesIO stream, rotates *right* by negating amount, then writes that data into the main stream. Size is the same as subcon, unless it raises SizeofError.
+
+    :param amount: integer or context lambda, shift by this amount in bits, treated modulo (group x 8)
+    :param group: integer or context lambda, shifting is applied to chunks of this size in bytes
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+
+    :raises RotationError: group is less than 1
+    :raises RotationError: data length is not a multiple of group size
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = ProcessRotateLeft(4, 1, Int16ub)
+        >>> d.parse(b'\x0f\xf0')
+        0xf00f
+        >>> d = ProcessRotateLeft(4, 2, Int16ub)
+        >>> d.parse(b'\x0f\xf0')
+        0xff00
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        2
+    """
+
+    # formula taken from: http://stackoverflow.com/a/812039
+    precomputed_single_rotations = {amount: [(i << amount) & 0xff | (i >> (8-amount)) for i in range(256)] for amount in range(1,8)}
+
+    def __init__(self, amount, group, subcon):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.amount = amount
+        self.group = group
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        amount = evaluate(self.amount, context)
+        group = evaluate(self.group, context)
+        if group < 1:
+            raise RotationError("group size must be at least 1 to be valid", path=path)
+
+        amount = amount % (group * 8)
+        amount_bytes = amount // 8
+        data = stream_read_entire(stream, path)
+        data_ints = bytes2integers(data)
+
+        if len(data) % group != 0:
+            raise RotationError("data length must be a multiple of group size", path=path)
+
+        if amount == 0:
+            pass
+
+        elif group == 1:
+            translate = ProcessRotateLeft.precomputed_single_rotations[amount]
+            data = integers2bytes( translate[a] for a in data_ints )
+
+        elif amount % 8 == 0:
+            indices = [(i + amount_bytes) % group for i in range(group)]
+            data = integers2bytes( data_ints[i+k] for i in range(0,len(data),group) for k in indices )
+
+        else:
+            amount1 = amount % 8
+            amount2 = 8 - amount1
+            indices_pairs = [ ((i+amount_bytes) % group, (i+1+amount_bytes) % group) for i in range(group)]
+            data = integers2bytes( (data_ints[i+k1] << amount1) & 0xff | (data_ints[i+k2] >> amount2) for i in range(0,len(data),group) for k1,k2 in indices_pairs )
+
+        if self.subcon is GreedyBytes:
+            return data
+        if type(self.subcon) is GreedyString:
+            return data.decode(self.subcon.encoding)
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(io.BytesIO(data), context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        amount = evaluate(self.amount, context)
+        group = evaluate(self.group, context)
+        if group < 1:
+            raise RotationError("group size must be at least 1 to be valid", path=path)
+
+        amount = -amount % (group * 8)
+        amount_bytes = amount // 8
+        stream2 = io.BytesIO()
+        buildret = self.subcon._build(obj, stream2, context, path)
+        data = stream2.getvalue()
+        data_ints = bytes2integers(data)
+
+        if len(data) % group != 0:
+            raise RotationError("data length must be a multiple of group size", path=path)
+
+        if amount == 0:
+            pass
+
+        elif group == 1:
+            translate = ProcessRotateLeft.precomputed_single_rotations[amount]
+            data = integers2bytes( translate[a] for a in data_ints )
+
+        elif amount % 8 == 0:
+            indices = [(i + amount_bytes) % group for i in range(group)]
+            data = integers2bytes( data_ints[i+k] for i in range(0,len(data),group) for k in indices )
+
+        else:
+            amount1 = amount % 8
+            amount2 = 8 - amount1
+            indices_pairs = [ ((i+amount_bytes) % group, (i+1+amount_bytes) % group) for i in range(group)]
+            data = integers2bytes( (data_ints[i+k1] << amount1) & 0xff | (data_ints[i+k2] >> amount2) for i in range(0,len(data),group) for k1,k2 in indices_pairs )
+
+        stream_write(stream, data, len(data), path)
+        return buildret
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+
+
+class Checksum(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Field that is build or validated by a hash of a given byte range. Usually used with :class:`~construct.core.RawCopy` .
+
+    Parsing compares parsed subcon `checksumfield` with a context entry provided by `bytesfunc` and transformed by `hashfunc`. Building fetches the contect entry, transforms it, then writes is using subcon. Size is same as subcon.
+
+    :param checksumfield: a subcon field that reads the checksum, usually Bytes(int)
+    :param hashfunc: function that takes bytes and returns whatever checksumfield takes when building, usually from hashlib module
+    :param bytesfunc: context lambda that returns bytes (or object) to be hashed, usually like this.rawcopy1.data
+
+    :raises ChecksumError: parsing and actual checksum does not match actual data
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambdas, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        import hashlib
+        d = Struct(
+            "fields" / RawCopy(Struct(
+                Padding(1000),
+            )),
+            "checksum" / Checksum(Bytes(64),
+                lambda data: hashlib.sha512(data).digest(),
+                this.fields.data),
+        )
+        d.build(dict(fields=dict(value={})))
+
+    ::
+
+        import hashlib
+        d = Struct(
+            "offset" / Tell,
+            "checksum" / Padding(64),
+            "fields" / RawCopy(Struct(
+                Padding(1000),
+            )),
+            "checksum" / Pointer(this.offset, Checksum(Bytes(64),
+                lambda data: hashlib.sha512(data).digest(),
+                this.fields.data)),
+        )
+        d.build(dict(fields=dict(value={})))
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, checksumfield, hashfunc, bytesfunc):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.checksumfield = checksumfield
+        self.hashfunc = hashfunc
+        self.bytesfunc = bytesfunc
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        hash1 = self.checksumfield._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+        hash2 = self.hashfunc(self.bytesfunc(context))
+        if hash1 != hash2:
+            raise ChecksumError(
+                "wrong checksum, read %r, computed %r" % (
+                    hash1 if not isinstance(hash1,bytestringtype) else binascii.hexlify(hash1),
+                    hash2 if not isinstance(hash2,bytestringtype) else binascii.hexlify(hash2), ),
+                path=path
+            )
+        return hash1
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        hash2 = self.hashfunc(self.bytesfunc(context))
+        self.checksumfield._build(hash2, stream, context, path)
+        return hash2
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        return self.checksumfield._sizeof(context, path)
+
+
+class Compressed(Tunnel):
+    r"""
+    Compresses and decompresses underlying stream when processing subcon. When parsing, entire stream is consumed. When building, it puts compressed bytes without marking the end. This construct should be used with :class:`~construct.core.Prefixed` .
+
+    Parsing and building transforms all bytes using a specified codec. Since data is processed until EOF, it behaves similar to `GreedyBytes`. Size is undefined.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon used for storing the value
+    :param encoding: string, any of module names like zlib/gzip/bzip2/lzma, otherwise any of codecs module bytes<->bytes encodings, each codec usually requires some Python version
+    :param level: optional, integer between 0..9, although lzma discards it, some encoders allow different compression levels
+
+    :raises ImportError: needed module could not be imported by ctor
+    :raises StreamError: stream failed when reading until EOF
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Prefixed(VarInt, Compressed(GreedyBytes, "zlib"))
+        >>> d.build(bytes(100))
+        b'\x0cx\x9cc`\xa0=\x00\x00\x00d\x00\x01'
+        >>> len(_)
+        13
+   """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, encoding, level=None):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        self.level = level
+        if self.encoding == "zlib":
+            import zlib
+            self.lib = zlib
+        elif self.encoding == "gzip":
+            import gzip
+            self.lib = gzip
+        elif self.encoding == "bzip2":
+            import bz2
+            self.lib = bz2
+        elif self.encoding == "lzma":
+            import lzma
+            self.lib = lzma
+        else:
+            import codecs
+            self.lib = codecs
+
+    def _decode(self, data, context, path):
+        if self.encoding in ("zlib", "gzip", "bzip2", "lzma"):
+            return self.lib.decompress(data)
+        return self.lib.decode(data, self.encoding)
+
+    def _encode(self, data, context, path):
+        if self.encoding in ("zlib", "gzip", "bzip2", "lzma"):
+            if self.level is None or self.encoding == "lzma":
+                return self.lib.compress(data)
+            else:
+                return self.lib.compress(data, self.level)
+        return self.lib.encode(data, self.encoding)
+
+
+class CompressedLZ4(Tunnel):
+    r"""
+    Compresses and decompresses underlying stream before processing subcon. When parsing, entire stream is consumed. When building, it puts compressed bytes without marking the end. This construct should be used with :class:`~construct.core.Prefixed` .
+
+    Parsing and building transforms all bytes using LZ4 library. Since data is processed until EOF, it behaves similar to `GreedyBytes`. Size is undefined.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon used for storing the value
+
+    :raises ImportError: needed module could not be imported by ctor
+    :raises StreamError: stream failed when reading until EOF
+
+    Can propagate lz4.frame exceptions.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Prefixed(VarInt, CompressedLZ4(GreedyBytes))
+        >>> d.build(bytes(100))
+        b'"\x04"M\x18h@d\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00#\x0b\x00\x00\x00\x1f\x00\x01\x00KP\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+        >>> len(_)
+        35
+   """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        import lz4.frame
+        self.lib = lz4.frame
+
+    def _decode(self, data, context, path):
+        return self.lib.decompress(data)
+
+    def _encode(self, data, context, path):
+        return self.lib.compress(data)
+
+
+class Rebuffered(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Caches bytes from underlying stream, so it becomes seekable and tellable, and also becomes blocking on reading. Useful for processing non-file streams like pipes, sockets, etc.
+
+    .. warning:: Experimental implementation. May not be mature enough.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon which will operate on the buffered stream
+    :param tailcutoff: optional, integer, amount of bytes kept in buffer, by default buffers everything
+
+    Can also raise arbitrary exceptions in its implementation.
+
+    Example::
+
+        Rebuffered(..., tailcutoff=1024).parse_stream(nonseekable_stream)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, tailcutoff=None):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.stream2 = RebufferedBytesIO(None, tailcutoff=tailcutoff)
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        self.stream2.substream = stream
+        return self.subcon._parsereport(self.stream2, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        self.stream2.substream = stream
+        return self.subcon._build(obj, self.stream2, context, path)
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# lazy equivalents
+#===============================================================================
+class Lazy(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Lazyfies a field.
+
+    This wrapper allows you to do lazy parsing of individual fields inside a normal Struct (without using LazyStruct which may not work in every scenario). It is also used by KaitaiStruct compiler to emit `instances` because those are not processed greedily, and they may refer to other not yet parsed fields. Those are 2 entirely different applications but semantics are the same.
+
+    Parsing saves the current stream offset and returns a lambda. If and when that lambda gets evaluated, it seeks the stream to then-current position, parses the subcon, and seeks the stream back to previous position. Building evaluates that lambda into an object (if needed), then defers to subcon. Size also defers to subcon.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance
+
+    :raises StreamError: requested reading negative amount, could not read enough bytes, requested writing different amount than actual data, or could not write all bytes
+    :raises StreamError: stream is not seekable and tellable
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Lazy(Byte)
+        >>> x = d.parse(b'\x00')
+        >>> x
+        <function construct.core.Lazy._parse.<locals>.execute>
+        >>> x()
+        0
+        >>> d.build(0)
+        b'\x00'
+        >>> d.build(x)
+        b'\x00'
+        >>> d.sizeof()
+        1
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        offset = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        def execute():
+            fallback = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            stream_seek(stream, offset, 0, path)
+            obj = self.subcon._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+            stream_seek(stream, fallback, 0, path)
+            return obj
+        len = self.subcon._actualsize(self, context, path)
+        stream_seek(stream, len, 1, path)
+        return execute
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        if callable(obj):
+            obj = obj()
+        return self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+
+
+class LazyContainer(dict):
+    """Used internally."""
+
+    def __init__(self, struct, stream, offsets, values, context, path):
+        self._struct = struct
+        self._stream = stream
+        self._offsets = offsets
+        self._values = values
+        self._context = context
+        self._path = path
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name in self._struct._subconsindexes:
+            return self[name]
+        raise AttributeError
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        if isinstance(index, stringtypes):
+            index = self._struct._subconsindexes[index] # KeyError
+        if index in self._values:
+            return self._values[index]
+        stream_seek(self._stream, self._offsets[index], 0, self._path) # KeyError
+        parseret = self._struct.subcons[index]._parsereport(self._stream, self._context, self._path)
+        self._values[index] = parseret
+        return parseret
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._struct.subcons)
+
+    def keys(self):
+        return iter(self._struct._subcons)
+
+    def values(self):
+        return (self[k] for k in self._struct._subcons)
+
+    def items(self):
+        return ((k, self[k]) for k in self._struct._subcons)
+
+    __iter__ = keys
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return Container.__eq__(self, other)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<LazyContainer: %s items cached, %s subcons>" % (len(self._values), len(self._struct.subcons), )
+
+
+class LazyStruct(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Equivalent to :class:`~construct.core.Struct`, but when this class is parsed, most fields are not parsed (they are skipped if their size can be measured by _actualsize or _sizeof method). See its docstring for details.
+
+    Fields are parsed depending on some factors:
+
+    * Some fields like Int* Float* Bytes(5) Array(5,Byte) Pointer are fixed-size and are therefore skipped. Stream is not read.
+    * Some fields like Bytes(this.field) are variable-size but their size is known during parsing when there is a corresponding context entry. Those fields are also skipped. Stream is not read.
+    * Some fields like Prefixed PrefixedArray PascalString are variable-size but their size can be computed by partially reading the stream. Only first few bytes are read (the lengthfield).
+    * Other fields like VarInt need to be parsed. Stream position that is left after the field was parsed is used.
+    * Some fields may not work properly, due to the fact that this class attempts to skip fields, and parses them only out of necessity. Miscellaneous fields often have size defined as 0, and fixed sized fields are skippable.
+
+    Note there are restrictions:
+
+    * If a field like Bytes(this.field) references another field in the same struct, you need to access the referenced field first (to trigger its parsing) and then you can access the Bytes field. Otherwise it would fail due to missing context entry.
+    * If a field references another field within inner (nested) or outer (super) struct, things may break. Context is nested, but this class was not rigorously tested in that manner.
+
+    Building and sizeof are greedy, like in Struct.
+
+    :param \*subcons: Construct instances, list of members, some can be anonymous
+    :param \*\*subconskw: Construct instances, list of members (requires Python 3.6)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *subcons, **subconskw):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.subcons = list(subcons) + list(k/v for k,v in subconskw.items())
+        self._subcons = Container((sc.name,sc) for sc in self.subcons if sc.name)
+        self._subconsindexes = Container((sc.name,i) for i,sc in enumerate(self.subcons) if sc.name)
+        self.flagbuildnone = all(sc.flagbuildnone for sc in self.subcons)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name in self._subcons:
+            return self._subcons[name]
+        raise AttributeError
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        offset = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        offsets = {0: offset}
+        values = {}
+        for i,sc in enumerate(self.subcons):
+            try:
+                offset += sc._actualsize(stream, context, path)
+                stream_seek(stream, offset, 0, path)
+            except SizeofError:
+                parseret = sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+                values[i] = parseret
+                if sc.name:
+                    context[sc.name] = parseret
+                offset = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            offsets[i+1] = offset
+        return LazyContainer(self, stream, offsets, values, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        # exact copy from Struct class
+        if obj is None:
+            obj = Container()
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = stream, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        context.update(obj)
+        for sc in self.subcons:
+            try:
+                if sc.flagbuildnone:
+                    subobj = obj.get(sc.name, None)
+                else:
+                    subobj = obj[sc.name] # raises KeyError
+
+                if sc.name:
+                    context[sc.name] = subobj
+
+                buildret = sc._build(subobj, stream, context, path)
+                if sc.name:
+                    context[sc.name] = buildret
+            except StopFieldError:
+                break
+        return context
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        # exact copy from Struct class
+        context = Container(_ = context, _params = context._params, _root = None, _parsing = context._parsing, _building = context._building, _sizing = context._sizing, _subcons = self._subcons, _io = None, _index = context.get("_index", None))
+        context._root = context._.get("_root", context)
+        try:
+            return sum(sc._sizeof(context, path) for sc in self.subcons)
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+
+
+class LazyListContainer(list):
+    """Used internally."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon, stream, count, offsets, values, context, path):
+        self._subcon = subcon
+        self._stream = stream
+        self._count = count
+        self._offsets = offsets
+        self._values = values
+        self._context = context
+        self._path = path
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        if isinstance(index, slice):
+            return [self[i] for i in range(*index.indices(self._count))]
+        if index in self._values:
+            return self._values[index]
+        stream_seek(self._stream, self._offsets[index], 0, self._path) # KeyError
+        parseret = self._subcon._parsereport(self._stream, self._context, self._path)
+        self._values[index] = parseret
+        return parseret
+
+    def __getslice__(self, start, stop):
+        if stop == sys.maxsize:
+            stop = self._count
+        return self.__getitem__(slice(start, stop))
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self._count
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return (self[i] for i in range(self._count))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return len(self) == len(other) and all(self[i] == other[i] for i in range(self._count))
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<LazyListContainer: %s of %s items cached>" % (len(self._values), self._count, )
+
+
+class LazyArray(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    Equivalent to :class:`~construct.core.Array`, but the subcon is not parsed when possible (it gets skipped if the size can be measured by _actualsize or _sizeof method). See its docstring for details.
+
+    Fields are parsed depending on some factors:
+
+    * Some fields like Int* Float* Bytes(5) Array(5,Byte) Pointer are fixed-size and are therefore skipped. Stream is not read.
+    * Some fields like Bytes(this.field) are variable-size but their size is known during parsing when there is a corresponding context entry. Those fields are also skipped. Stream is not read.
+    * Some fields like Prefixed PrefixedArray PascalString are variable-size but their size can be computed by partially reading the stream. Only first few bytes are read (the lengthfield).
+    * Other fields like VarInt need to be parsed. Stream position that is left after the field was parsed is used.
+    * Some fields may not work properly, due to the fact that this class attempts to skip fields, and parses them only out of necessity. Miscellaneous fields often have size defined as 0, and fixed sized fields are skippable.
+
+    Note there are restrictions:
+
+    * If a field references another field within inner (nested) or outer (super) struct, things may break. Context is nested, but this class was not rigorously tested in that manner.
+
+    Building and sizeof are greedy, like in Array.
+
+    :param count: integer or context lambda, strict amount of elements
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to process individual elements
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, count, subcon):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.count = count
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        sc = self.subcon
+        count = self.count
+        if callable(count):
+            count = count(context)
+        if not 0 <= count:
+            raise RangeError("invalid count %s" % (count,), path=path)
+        offset = stream_tell(stream, path)
+        offsets = {0: offset}
+        values = {}
+        for i in range(count):
+            try:
+                offset += sc._actualsize(stream, context, path)
+                stream_seek(stream, offset, 0, path)
+            except SizeofError:
+                parseret = sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+                values[i] = parseret
+                offset = stream_tell(stream, path)
+            offsets[i+1] = offset
+        return LazyListContainer(sc, stream, count, offsets, values, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        # exact copy from Array class
+        count = self.count
+        if callable(count):
+            count = count(context)
+        if not 0 <= count:
+            raise RangeError("invalid count %s" % (count,), path=path)
+        if not len(obj) == count:
+            raise RangeError("expected %d elements, found %d" % (count, len(obj)), path=path)
+        retlist = ListContainer()
+        for i,e in enumerate(obj):
+            context._index = i
+            buildret = self.subcon._build(e, stream, context, path)
+            retlist.append(buildret)
+        return retlist
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        # exact copy from Array class
+        try:
+            count = self.count
+            if callable(count):
+                count = count(context)
+        except (KeyError, AttributeError):
+            raise SizeofError("cannot calculate size, key not found in context", path=path)
+        return count * self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+
+
+class LazyBound(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Field that binds to the subcon only at runtime (during parsing and building, not ctor). Useful for recursive data structures, like linked-lists and trees, where a construct needs to refer to itself (while it does not exist yet in the namespace).
+
+    Note that it is possible to obtain same effect without using this class, using a loop. However there are usecases where that is not possible (if remaining nodes cannot be sized-up, and there is data following the recursive structure). There is also a significant difference, namely that LazyBound actually does greedy parsing while the loop does lazy parsing. See examples.
+
+    To break recursion, use `If` field. See examples.
+
+    :param subconfunc: parameter-less lambda returning Construct instance, can also return itself
+
+    Example::
+
+        d = Struct(
+            "value" / Byte,
+            "next" / If(this.value > 0, LazyBound(lambda: d)),
+        )
+        >>> print(d.parse(b"\x05\x09\x00"))
+        Container:
+            value = 5
+            next = Container:
+                value = 9
+                next = Container:
+                    value = 0
+                    next = None
+
+    ::
+
+        d = Struct(
+            "value" / Byte,
+            "next" / GreedyBytes,
+        )
+        data = b"\x05\x09\x00"
+        while data:
+            x = d.parse(data)
+            data = x.next
+            print(x)
+        # print outputs
+        Container:
+            value = 5
+            next = \t\x00 (total 2)
+        # print outputs
+        Container:
+            value = 9
+            next = \x00 (total 1)
+        # print outputs
+        Container:
+            value = 0
+            next =  (total 0)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subconfunc):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.subconfunc = subconfunc
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        sc = self.subconfunc()
+        return sc._parsereport(stream, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        sc = self.subconfunc()
+        return sc._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# adapters and validators
+#===============================================================================
+class ExprAdapter(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Generic adapter that takes `decoder` and `encoder` lambdas as parameters. You can use ExprAdapter instead of writing a full-blown class deriving from Adapter when only a simple lambda is needed.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to adapt
+    :param decoder: lambda that takes (obj, context, path) and returns an decoded version of obj
+    :param encoder: lambda that takes (obj, context, path) and returns an encoded version of obj
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = ExprAdapter(Byte, obj_+1, obj_-1)
+        >>> d.parse(b'\x04')
+        5
+        >>> d.build(5)
+        b'\x04'
+    """
+    def __init__(self, subcon, decoder, encoder):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self._decode = lambda obj,ctx,path: decoder(obj,ctx)
+        self._encode = lambda obj,ctx,path: encoder(obj,ctx)
+
+
+class ExprSymmetricAdapter(ExprAdapter):
+    """
+    Macro around :class:`~construct.core.ExprAdapter`.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to adapt
+    :param encoder: lambda that takes (obj, context, path) and returns both encoded version and decoded version of obj
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = ExprSymmetricAdapter(Byte, obj_ & 0b00001111)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\xff")
+        15
+        >>> d.build(255)
+        b'\x0f'
+    """
+    def __init__(self, subcon, encoder):
+        super().__init__(subcon, encoder, encoder)
+
+
+class ExprValidator(Validator):
+    r"""
+    Generic adapter that takes `validator` lambda as parameter. You can use ExprValidator instead of writing a full-blown class deriving from Validator when only a simple lambda is needed.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to adapt
+    :param validator: lambda that takes (obj, context) and returns a bool
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = ExprValidator(Byte, obj_ & 0b11111110 == 0)
+        >>> d.build(1)
+        b'\x01'
+        >>> d.build(88)
+        ValidationError: object failed validation: 88
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self, subcon, validator):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self._validate = lambda obj,ctx,path: validator(obj,ctx)
+
+
+def OneOf(subcon, valids):
+    r"""
+    Validates that the object is one of the listed values, both during parsing and building.
+
+    .. note:: For performance, `valids` should be a set/frozenset.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to validate
+    :param valids: collection implementing __contains__, usually a list or set
+
+    :raises ValidationError: parsed or build value is not among valids
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = OneOf(Byte, [1,2,3])
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01")
+        1
+        >>> d.parse(b"\xff")
+        construct.core.ValidationError: object failed validation: 255
+    """
+    return ExprValidator(subcon, lambda obj,ctx: obj in valids)
+
+
+def NoneOf(subcon, invalids):
+    r"""
+    Validates that the object is none of the listed values, both during parsing and building.
+
+    .. note:: For performance, `valids` should be a set/frozenset.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to validate
+    :param invalids: collection implementing __contains__, usually a list or set
+
+    :raises ValidationError: parsed or build value is among invalids
+
+    """
+    return ExprValidator(subcon, lambda obj,ctx: obj not in invalids)
+
+
+def Filter(predicate, subcon):
+    r"""
+    Filters a list leaving only the elements that passed through the predicate.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, usually Array GreedyRange Sequence
+    :param predicate: lambda that takes (obj, context) and returns a bool
+
+    Can propagate any exception from the lambda, possibly non-ConstructError.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Filter(obj_ != 0, Byte[:])
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x00\x02\x00")
+        [2]
+        >>> d.build([0,1,0,2,0])
+        b'\x01\x02'
+    """
+    return ExprSymmetricAdapter(subcon, lambda obj,ctx: [x for x in obj if predicate(x,ctx)])
+
+
+class Slicing(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Adapter for slicing a list. Works with GreedyRange and Sequence.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to slice
+    :param count: integer, expected number of elements, needed during building
+    :param start: integer for start index (or None for entire list)
+    :param stop: integer for stop index (or None for up-to-end)
+    :param step: integer, step (or 1 for every element)
+    :param empty: object, value to fill the list with, during building
+
+    Example::
+
+        d = Slicing(Array(4,Byte), 4, 1, 3, empty=0)
+        assert d.parse(b"\x01\x02\x03\x04") == [2,3]
+        assert d.build([2,3]) == b"\x00\x02\x03\x00"
+        assert d.sizeof() == 4
+    """
+    def __init__(self, subcon, count, start, stop, step=1, empty=None):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.count = count
+        self.start = start
+        self.stop = stop
+        self.step = step
+        self.empty = empty
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        return obj[self.start:self.stop:self.step]
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        if self.start is None:
+            return obj
+        elif self.stop is None:
+            output = [self.empty] * self.count
+            output[self.start::self.step] = obj
+        else:
+            output = [self.empty] * self.count
+            output[self.start:self.stop:self.step] = obj
+        return output
+
+
+class Indexing(Adapter):
+    r"""
+    Adapter for indexing a list (getting a single item from that list). Works with Range and Sequence and their lazy equivalents.
+
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to index
+    :param count: integer, expected number of elements, needed during building
+    :param index: integer, index of the list to get
+    :param empty: object, value to fill the list with, during building
+
+    Example::
+
+        d = Indexing(Array(4,Byte), 4, 2, empty=0)
+        assert d.parse(b"\x01\x02\x03\x04") == 3
+        assert d.build(3) == b"\x00\x00\x03\x00"
+        assert d.sizeof() == 4
+    """
+    def __init__(self, subcon, count, index, empty=None):
+        super().__init__(subcon)
+        self.count = count
+        self.index = index
+        self.empty = empty
+    def _decode(self, obj, context, path):
+        return obj[self.index]
+    def _encode(self, obj, context, path):
+        output = [self.empty] * self.count
+        output[self.index] = obj
+        return output
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# end of file
+#===============================================================================
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/debug.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/debug.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c486cfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/debug.py
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+from construct import *
+from construct.lib import *
+import sys, traceback, pdb, inspect
+
+
+class Probe(Construct):
+    r"""
+    Probe that dumps the context, and some stream content (peeks into it) to the screen to aid the debugging process. It can optionally limit itself to a single context entry, instead of printing entire context.
+
+    :param into: optional, None by default, or context lambda
+    :param lookahead: optional, integer, number of bytes to dump from the stream
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> d = Struct(
+        ...     "count" / Byte,
+        ...     "items" / Byte[this.count],
+        ...     Probe(lookahead=32),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x05abcde\x01\x02\x03")
+
+        --------------------------------------------------
+        Probe, path is (parsing), into is None
+        Stream peek: (hexlified) b'010203'...
+        Container: 
+            count = 5
+            items = ListContainer: 
+                97
+                98
+                99
+                100
+                101
+        --------------------------------------------------
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> d = Struct(
+        ...     "count" / Byte,
+        ...     "items" / Byte[this.count],
+        ...     Probe(this.count),
+        ... )
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x05abcde\x01\x02\x03")
+
+        --------------------------------------------------
+        Probe, path is (parsing), into is this.count
+        5
+        --------------------------------------------------
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, into=None, lookahead=None):
+        super(Probe, self).__init__()
+        self.flagbuildnone = True
+        self.into = into
+        self.lookahead = lookahead
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        self.printout(stream, context, path)
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        self.printout(stream, context, path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        self.printout(None, context, path)
+        return 0
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return f"print({self.into})" if self.into else "print(this)"
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return f"print({self.into})" if self.into else "print(this)"
+
+    def printout(self, stream, context, path):
+        print("--------------------------------------------------")
+        print("Probe, path is %s, into is %r" % (path, self.into, ))
+
+        if self.lookahead and stream is not None:
+            fallback = stream.tell()
+            datafollows = stream.read(self.lookahead)
+            stream.seek(fallback)
+            if datafollows:
+                print("Stream peek: (hexlified) %s..." % (hexlify(datafollows), ))
+            else:
+                print("Stream peek: EOF reached")
+
+        if context is not None:
+            if self.into:
+                try:
+                    subcontext = self.into(context)
+                    print(subcontext)
+                except Exception:
+                    print("Failed to compute %r on the context %r" % (self.into, context, ))
+            else:
+                print(context)
+        print("--------------------------------------------------")
+
+
+class Debugger(Subconstruct):
+    r"""
+    PDB-based debugger. When an exception occurs in the subcon, a debugger will appear and allow you to debug the error (and even fix it on-the-fly).
+    
+    :param subcon: Construct instance, subcon to debug
+    
+    Example::
+    
+        >>> Debugger(Byte[3]).build([])
+
+        --------------------------------------------------
+        Debugging exception of <Array: None>
+        path is (building)
+          File "/media/arkadiusz/MAIN/GitHub/construct/construct/debug.py", line 192, in _build
+            return self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+          File "/media/arkadiusz/MAIN/GitHub/construct/construct/core.py", line 2149, in _build
+            raise RangeError("expected %d elements, found %d" % (count, len(obj)))
+        construct.core.RangeError: expected 3 elements, found 0
+
+        > /media/arkadiusz/MAIN/GitHub/construct/construct/core.py(2149)_build()
+        -> raise RangeError("expected %d elements, found %d" % (count, len(obj)))
+        (Pdb) q
+        --------------------------------------------------
+    """
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, context, path):
+        try:
+            return self.subcon._parse(stream, context, path)
+        except Exception:
+            self.retval = NotImplemented
+            self.handle_exc(path, msg="(you can set self.retval, which will be returned from method)")
+            if self.retval is NotImplemented:
+                raise
+            else:
+                return self.retval
+
+    def _build(self, obj, stream, context, path):
+        try:
+            return self.subcon._build(obj, stream, context, path)
+        except Exception:
+            self.handle_exc(path)
+
+    def _sizeof(self, context, path):
+        try:
+            return self.subcon._sizeof(context, path)
+        except Exception:
+            self.handle_exc(path)
+
+    def _emitparse(self, code):
+        return self.subcon._compileparse(code)
+
+    def _emitbuild(self, code):
+        return self.subcon._compilebuild(code)
+
+    def handle_exc(self, path, msg=None):
+        print("--------------------------------------------------")
+        print("Debugging exception of %r" % (self.subcon, ))
+        print("path is %s" % (path, ))
+        print("".join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info())[1:]))
+        if msg:
+            print(msg)
+        pdb.post_mortem(sys.exc_info()[2])
+        print("--------------------------------------------------")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/expr.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/expr.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00a63f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/expr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+import operator
+if not hasattr(operator, "div"):
+    operator.div = operator.truediv
+
+
+opnames = {
+    operator.add : "+",
+    operator.sub : "-",
+    operator.mul : "*",
+    operator.div : "/",
+    operator.floordiv : "//",
+    operator.mod : "%",
+    operator.pow : "**",
+    operator.xor : "^",
+    operator.lshift : "<<",
+    operator.rshift : ">>",
+    operator.and_ : "and",
+    operator.or_ : "or",
+    operator.not_ : "not",
+    operator.neg : "-",
+    operator.pos : "+",
+    operator.contains : "in",
+    operator.gt : ">",
+    operator.ge : ">=",
+    operator.lt : "<",
+    operator.le : "<=",
+    operator.eq : "==",
+    operator.ne : "!=",
+}
+
+
+class ExprMixin(object):
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.add, self, other)
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.sub, self, other)
+    def __mul__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.mul, self, other)
+    def __floordiv__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.floordiv, self, other)
+    def __truediv__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.div, self, other)
+    __div__ = __floordiv__
+    def __mod__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.mod, self, other)
+    def __pow__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.pow, self, other)
+    def __xor__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.xor, self, other)
+    def __rshift__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.rshift, self, other)
+    def __lshift__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.lshift, self, other)
+    def __and__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.and_, self, other)
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.or_, self, other)
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.add, other, self)
+    def __rsub__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.sub, other, self)
+    def __rmul__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.mul, other, self)
+    def __rfloordiv__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.floordiv, other, self)
+    def __rtruediv__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.div, other, self)
+    __rdiv__ = __rfloordiv__
+    def __rmod__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.mod, other, self)
+    def __rpow__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.pow, other, self)
+    def __rxor__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.xor, other, self)
+    def __rrshift__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.rshift, other, self)
+    def __rlshift__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.lshift, other, self)
+    def __rand__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.and_, other, self)
+    def __ror__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.or_, other, self)
+
+    def __neg__(self):
+        return UniExpr(operator.neg, self)
+    def __pos__(self):
+        return UniExpr(operator.pos, self)
+    def __invert__(self):
+        return UniExpr(operator.not_, self)
+    __inv__ = __invert__
+
+    def __contains__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.contains, self, other)
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.gt, self, other)
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.ge, self, other)
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.lt, self, other)
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.le, self, other)
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.eq, self, other)
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return BinExpr(operator.ne, self, other)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        attrs = {}
+        if hasattr(self, "__dict__"):
+            attrs.update(self.__dict__)
+        slots = []
+        c = self.__class__
+        while c is not None:
+            if hasattr(c, "__slots__"):
+                slots.extend(c.__slots__)
+            c = c.__base__
+        for name in slots:
+            if hasattr(self, name):
+                attrs[name] = getattr(self, name)
+        return attrs
+
+    def __setstate__(self, attrs):
+        for name, value in attrs.items():
+            setattr(self, name, value)
+
+
+class UniExpr(ExprMixin):
+
+    def __init__(self, op, operand):
+        self.op = op
+        self.operand = operand
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s %r" % (opnames[self.op], self.operand)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "%s %s" % (opnames[self.op], self.operand)
+
+    def __call__(self, obj, *args):
+        operand = self.operand(obj) if callable(self.operand) else self.operand
+        return self.op(operand)
+
+
+class BinExpr(ExprMixin):
+
+    def __init__(self, op, lhs, rhs):
+        self.op = op
+        self.lhs = lhs
+        self.rhs = rhs
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "(%r %s %r)" % (self.lhs, opnames[self.op], self.rhs)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "(%s %s %s)" % (self.lhs, opnames[self.op], self.rhs)
+
+    def __call__(self, obj, *args):
+        lhs = self.lhs(obj) if callable(self.lhs) else self.lhs
+        rhs = self.rhs(obj) if callable(self.rhs) else self.rhs
+        return self.op(lhs, rhs)
+
+
+class Path(ExprMixin):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, field=None, parent=None):
+        self.__name = name
+        self.__field = field
+        self.__parent = parent
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.__parent is None:
+            return self.__name
+        else:
+            return "%s[%r]" % (self.__parent, self.__field)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.__parent is None:
+            return self.__name
+        else:
+            return "%s[%r]" % (self.__parent, self.__field)
+
+    def __call__(self, obj, *args):
+        if self.__parent is None:
+            return obj
+        else:
+            return self.__parent(obj)[self.__field]
+
+    def __getfield__(self):
+        return self.__field
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return Path(self.__name, name, self)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name):
+        return Path(self.__name, name, self)
+
+
+class Path2(ExprMixin):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, index=None, parent=None):
+        self.__name = name
+        self.__index = index
+        self.__parent = parent
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.__parent is None:
+            return self.__name
+        else:
+            return "%r[%r]" % (self.__parent, self.__index)
+
+    def __call__(self, *args):
+        if self.__parent is None:
+            return args[1]
+        else:
+            return self.__parent(*args)[self.__index]
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return Path2(self.__name, index, self)
+
+
+class FuncPath(ExprMixin):
+
+    def __init__(self, func, operand=None):
+        self.__func = func
+        self.__operand = operand
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.__operand is None:
+            return "%s_" % (self.__func.__name__)
+        else:
+            return "%s_(%r)" % (self.__func.__name__, self.__operand)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.__operand is None:
+            return "%s_" % (self.__func.__name__)
+        else:
+            return "%s_(%s)" % (self.__func.__name__, self.__operand)
+
+    def __call__(self, operand, *args):
+        if self.__operand is None:
+            return FuncPath(self.__func, operand) if callable(operand) else operand
+        else:
+            return self.__func(self.__operand(operand) if callable(self.__operand) else self.__operand)
+
+
+this = Path("this")
+obj_ = Path("obj_")
+list_ = Path2("list_")
+
+len_ = FuncPath(len)
+sum_ = FuncPath(sum)
+min_ = FuncPath(min)
+max_ = FuncPath(max)
+abs_ = FuncPath(abs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d27c0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+from construct.lib.containers import *
+from construct.lib.binary import *
+from construct.lib.bitstream import *
+from construct.lib.hex import *
+from construct.lib.py3compat import *
+
+__all__ = [
+    'bits2bytes',
+    'bits2integer',
+    'byte2int',
+    'bytes2bits',
+    'bytes2integer',
+    'bytes2integers',
+    'bytes2str',
+    'bytestringtype',
+    'Container',
+    'globalPrintFalseFlags',
+    'globalPrintFullStrings',
+    'HexDisplayedBytes',
+    'HexDisplayedDict',
+    'HexDisplayedInteger',
+    'hexdump',
+    'HexDumpDisplayedBytes',
+    'HexDumpDisplayedDict',
+    'hexlify',
+    'hexundump',
+    'int2byte',
+    'integer2bits',
+    'integer2bytes',
+    'integers2bytes',
+    'integertypes',
+    'ListContainer',
+    'ONWINDOWS',
+    'PY',
+    'PY2',
+    'PY3',
+    'PYPY',
+    'RebufferedBytesIO',
+    'reprstring',
+    'RestreamedBytesIO',
+    'setGlobalPrintFalseFlags',
+    'setGlobalPrintFullStrings',
+    'setGlobalPrintPrivateEntries',
+    'str2bytes',
+    'stringtypes',
+    'swapbitsinbytes',
+    'swapbytes',
+    'swapbytesinbits',
+    'trimstring',
+    'unhexlify',
+    'unicodestringtype',
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/binary.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/binary.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..335fba0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/binary.py
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+from construct import *
+from construct.lib import *
+import binascii
+
+
+def integer2bits(number, width, signed=False):
+    r"""
+    Converts an integer into its binary representation in a bit-string. Width is the amount of bits to generate. Each bit is represented as either \\x00 or \\x01. The most significant bit is first, big-endian. This is reverse to `bits2integer`.
+
+    Examples:
+
+        >>> integer2bits(19, 8)
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x01\x01'
+    """
+    if width < 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"width {width} must be non-negative")
+    if width == 0:
+        return b""
+
+    if signed:
+        min = -(2 ** width // 2)
+        max = 2 ** width // 2 - 1
+    else:
+        min = 0
+        max = 2 ** width - 1
+    if not min <= number <= max:
+        raise ValueError(f"number {number} is out of range (min={min}, max={max})")
+
+    if number < 0:
+        number += 1 << width
+    bits = bytearray(width)
+    i = width - 1
+    while number and i >= 0:
+        bits[i] = number & 1
+        number >>= 1
+        i -= 1
+    return bytes(bits)
+
+
+def integer2bytes(number, width, signed=False):
+    r"""
+    Converts an integer into a byte-string. This is reverse to `bytes2integer`.
+
+    Examples:
+
+        >>> integer2bytes(19, 4)
+        '\x00\x00\x00\x13'
+    """
+    # pypy does not check this in int.to_bytes, lazy fuckers
+    if width < 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"width {width} must be non-negative")
+
+    try:
+        return int.to_bytes(number, width, 'big', signed=signed)
+    except OverflowError:
+        raise ValueError(f"number {number} does not fit width {width} signed {signed}")
+
+
+def bits2integer(data, signed=False):
+    r"""
+    Converts a bit-string into an integer. Set signed to interpret the number as a 2-s complement signed integer. This is reverse to `integer2bits`.
+
+    Examples:
+
+        >>> bits2integer(b"\x01\x00\x00\x01\x01")
+        19
+    """
+    if data == b"":
+        return 0
+
+    number = 0
+    for b in data:
+        number = (number << 1) | b
+
+    if signed and data[0]:
+        bias = 1 << len(data)
+        return number - bias
+    else:
+        return number
+
+
+def bytes2integer(data, signed=False):
+    r"""
+    Converts a byte-string into an integer. This is reverse to `integer2bytes`.
+
+    Examples:
+
+        >>> bytes2integer(b'\x00\x00\x00\x13')
+        19
+    """
+    return int.from_bytes(data, 'big', signed=signed)
+
+
+BYTES2BITS_CACHE = {i:integer2bits(i,8) for i in range(256)}
+def bytes2bits(data):
+    r""" 
+    Converts between bit-string and byte-string representations, both as bytes type.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> bytes2bits(b'ab')
+        b"\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00"
+    """
+    return b"".join(BYTES2BITS_CACHE[b] for b in data)
+
+
+BITS2BYTES_CACHE = {bytes2bits(int2byte(i)):i for i in range(256)}
+def bits2bytes(data):
+    r""" 
+    Converts between bit-string and byte-string representations, both as bytes type. Its length must be multiple of 8.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> bits2bytes(b"\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00")
+        b'ab'
+    """
+    if len(data) % 8:
+        raise ValueError(f"data length {len(data)} must be a multiple of 8")
+    return bytes(BITS2BYTES_CACHE[data[i:i+8]] for i in range(0,len(data),8))
+
+
+def swapbytes(data):
+    r"""
+    Performs an endianness swap on byte-string.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> swapbytes(b'abcd')
+        b'dcba'
+    """
+    return data[::-1]
+
+
+def swapbytesinbits(data):
+    r"""
+    Performs an byte-swap within a bit-string. Its length must be multiple of 8.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> swapbytesinbits(b'0000000011111111')
+        b'1111111100000000'
+    """
+    if len(data) % 8:
+        raise ValueError(f"data length {len(data)} must be a multiple of 8")
+    return b"".join(data[i:i+8] for i in reversed(range(0,len(data),8)))
+
+
+SWAPBITSINBYTES_CACHE = {i:byte2int(bits2bytes(swapbytes(bytes2bits(int2byte(i))))) for i in range(256)}
+def swapbitsinbytes(data):
+    r"""
+    Performs a bit-reversal on each byte within a byte-string.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> swapbitsinbytes(b"\xf0\x00")
+        b"\x0f\x00"
+    """
+    return bytes(SWAPBITSINBYTES_CACHE[b] for b in data)
+
+
+def hexlify(data):
+    """Returns binascii.hexlify(data)."""
+    return binascii.hexlify(data)
+
+
+def unhexlify(data):
+    """Returns binascii.unhexlify(data)."""
+    return binascii.unhexlify(data)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/bitstream.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/bitstream.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..baa44d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/bitstream.py
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+from io import BlockingIOError
+from time import sleep
+from sys import maxsize
+
+
+class RestreamedBytesIO(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, substream, decoder, decoderunit, encoder, encoderunit):
+        self.substream = substream
+        self.encoder = encoder
+        self.encoderunit = encoderunit
+        self.decoder = decoder
+        self.decoderunit = decoderunit
+        self.rbuffer = b""
+        self.wbuffer = b""
+        self.sincereadwritten = 0
+
+    def read(self, count=None):
+        if count is None:
+            while True:
+                data = self.substream.read(self.decoderunit)
+                if data is None or len(data) == 0:
+                    break
+                self.rbuffer += self.decoder(data)
+            data, self.rbuffer = self.rbuffer, b''
+            self.sincereadwritten += len(data)
+            return data
+
+        else:
+            if count < 0:
+                raise ValueError("count cannot be negative")
+            while len(self.rbuffer) < count:
+                data = self.substream.read(self.decoderunit)
+                if data is None or len(data) == 0:
+                    return b''
+                self.rbuffer += self.decoder(data)
+            data, self.rbuffer = self.rbuffer[:count], self.rbuffer[count:]
+            self.sincereadwritten += count
+            return data
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        self.wbuffer += data
+        datalen = len(data)
+        while len(self.wbuffer) >= self.encoderunit:
+            data, self.wbuffer = self.wbuffer[:self.encoderunit], self.wbuffer[self.encoderunit:]
+            self.substream.write(self.encoder(data))
+        self.sincereadwritten += datalen
+        return datalen
+
+    def close(self):
+        if len(self.rbuffer):
+            raise ValueError("closing stream but %d unread bytes remain, %d is decoded unit" % (len(self.rbuffer), self.decoderunit))
+        if len(self.wbuffer):
+            raise ValueError("closing stream but %d unwritten bytes remain, %d is encoded unit" % (len(self.wbuffer), self.encoderunit))
+
+    def seek(self, at, whence=0):
+        if whence == 0 and at == self.sincereadwritten:
+            pass
+        else:
+            raise IOError
+
+    def seekable(self):
+        return False
+
+    def tell(self):
+        """WARNING: tell is correct only on read-only and write-only instances."""
+        return self.sincereadwritten
+
+    def tellable(self):
+        return True
+
+
+class RebufferedBytesIO(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, substream, tailcutoff=None):
+        self.substream = substream
+        self.offset = 0
+        self.rwbuffer = b""
+        self.moved = 0
+        self.tailcutoff = tailcutoff
+
+    def read(self, count=None):
+        if count is None:
+            raise ValueError("count must be integer, reading until EOF not supported")
+        startsat = self.offset
+        endsat = startsat + count
+        if startsat < self.moved:
+            raise IOError("could not read because tail was cut off")
+        while self.moved + len(self.rwbuffer) < endsat:
+            try:
+                newdata = self.substream.read(128*1024)
+            except BlockingIOError:
+                newdata = None
+            if not newdata:
+                sleep(0)
+                continue
+            self.rwbuffer += newdata
+        data = self.rwbuffer[startsat-self.moved:endsat-self.moved]
+        self.offset += count
+        if self.tailcutoff is not None and self.moved < self.offset - self.tailcutoff:
+            removed = self.offset - self.tailcutoff - self.moved
+            self.moved += removed
+            self.rwbuffer = self.rwbuffer[removed:]
+        if len(data) < count:
+            raise IOError("could not read enough bytes, something went wrong")
+        return data
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        startsat = self.offset
+        endsat = startsat + len(data)
+        while self.moved + len(self.rwbuffer) < startsat:
+            newdata = self.substream.read(128*1024)
+            self.rwbuffer += newdata
+            if not newdata:
+                sleep(0)
+        self.rwbuffer = self.rwbuffer[:startsat-self.moved] + data + self.rwbuffer[endsat-self.moved:]
+        self.offset = endsat
+        if self.tailcutoff is not None and self.moved < self.offset - self.tailcutoff:
+            removed = self.offset - self.tailcutoff - self.moved
+            self.moved += removed
+            self.rwbuffer = self.rwbuffer[removed:]
+        return len(data)
+
+    def seek(self, at, whence=0):
+        if whence == 0:
+            self.offset = at
+            return self.offset
+        elif whence == 1:
+            self.offset += at
+            return self.offset
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("this class seeks only with whence: 0 and 1 (excluded 2)")
+
+    def seekable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def tell(self):
+        return self.offset
+
+    def tellable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def cachedfrom(self):
+        return self.moved
+
+    def cachedto(self):
+        return self.moved + len(self.rwbuffer)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/containers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/containers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4febd64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/containers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+from construct.lib.py3compat import *
+import re
+import collections
+
+
+globalPrintFullStrings = False
+globalPrintFalseFlags = False
+globalPrintPrivateEntries = False
+
+
+def setGlobalPrintFullStrings(enabled=False):
+    r"""
+    When enabled, Container __str__ produces full content of bytes and unicode strings, otherwise and by default, it produces truncated output (16 bytes and 32 characters).
+
+    :param enabled: bool
+    """
+    global globalPrintFullStrings
+    globalPrintFullStrings = enabled
+
+
+def setGlobalPrintFalseFlags(enabled=False):
+    r"""
+    When enabled, Container __str__ that was produced by FlagsEnum parsing prints all values, otherwise and by default, it prints only the values that are True.
+
+    :param enabled: bool
+    """
+    global globalPrintFalseFlags
+    globalPrintFalseFlags = enabled
+
+
+def setGlobalPrintPrivateEntries(enabled=False):
+    r"""
+    When enabled, Container __str__ shows keys like _ _index _etc, otherwise and by default, it hides those keys. __repr__ never shows private entries.
+
+    :param enabled: bool
+    """
+    global globalPrintPrivateEntries
+    globalPrintPrivateEntries = enabled
+
+
+def recursion_lock(retval="<recursion detected>", lock_name="__recursion_lock__"):
+    """Used internally."""
+    def decorator(func):
+        def wrapper(self, *args, **kw):
+            if getattr(self, lock_name, False):
+                return retval
+            setattr(self, lock_name, True)
+            try:
+                return func(self, *args, **kw)
+            finally:
+                delattr(self, lock_name)
+
+        wrapper.__name__ = func.__name__
+        return wrapper
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+class Container(collections.OrderedDict):
+    r"""
+    Generic ordered dictionary that allows both key and attribute access, and preserves key order by insertion. Adding keys is preferred using \*\*entrieskw (requires Python 3.6). Equality does NOT check item order. Also provides regex searching.
+
+    Example::
+
+        # empty dict
+        >>> Container()
+        # list of pairs, not recommended
+        >>> Container([ ("name","anonymous"), ("age",21) ])
+        # This syntax requires Python 3.6
+        >>> Container(name="anonymous", age=21)
+        # copies another dict
+        >>> Container(dict2)
+        >>> Container(container2)
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> print(repr(obj))
+        Container(text='utf8 decoded string...', value=123)
+        >>> print(obj)
+        Container
+            text = u'utf8 decoded string...' (total 22)
+            value = 123
+    """
+    __slots__ = ["__recursion_lock__"]
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        try:
+            if name in self.__slots__:
+                return object.__getattribute__(self, name)
+            else:
+                return self[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name)
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        try:
+            if name in self.__slots__:
+                return object.__setattr__(self, name, value)
+            else:
+                self[name] = value
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name)
+
+    def __delattr__(self, name):
+        try:
+            if name in self.__slots__:
+                return object.__delattr__(self, name)
+            else:
+                del self[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name)
+
+    def update(self, seqordict):
+        """Appends items from another dict/Container or list-of-tuples."""
+        if isinstance(seqordict, dict):
+            seqordict = seqordict.items()
+        for k,v in seqordict:
+            self[k] = v
+
+    def copy(self):
+        return Container(self)
+
+    __update__ = update
+
+    __copy__ = copy
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        """For auto completion of attributes based on container values."""
+        return list(self.keys()) + list(self.__class__.__dict__) + dir(super(Container, self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if self is other:
+            return True
+        if not isinstance(other, dict):
+            return False
+        def isequal(v1, v2):
+            if v1.__class__.__name__ == "ndarray" or v2.__class__.__name__ == "ndarray":
+                import numpy
+                return numpy.array_equal(v1, v2)
+            return v1 == v2
+        for k,v in self.items():
+            if isinstance(k, unicodestringtype) and k.startswith(u"_"):
+                continue
+            if isinstance(k, bytestringtype) and k.startswith(b"_"):
+                continue
+            if k not in other or not isequal(v, other[k]):
+                return False
+        for k,v in other.items():
+            if isinstance(k, unicodestringtype) and k.startswith(u"_"):
+                continue
+            if isinstance(k, bytestringtype) and k.startswith(b"_"):
+                continue
+            if k not in self or not isequal(v, self[k]):
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+       return not self == other
+
+    @recursion_lock()
+    def __repr__(self):
+        parts = []
+        for k,v in self.items():
+            if isinstance(k, str) and k.startswith("_"):
+                continue
+            if isinstance(v, stringtypes):
+                parts.append(str(k) + "=" + reprstring(v))
+            else:
+                parts.append(str(k) + "=" + repr(v))
+        return "Container(%s)" % ", ".join(parts)
+
+    @recursion_lock()
+    def __str__(self):
+        indentation = "\n    "
+        text = ["Container: "]
+        isflags = getattr(self, "_flagsenum", False)
+        for k,v in self.items():
+            if isinstance(k, str) and k.startswith("_") and not globalPrintPrivateEntries:
+                continue
+            if isflags and not v and not globalPrintFalseFlags:
+                continue
+            text.extend([indentation, str(k), " = "])
+            if v.__class__.__name__ == "EnumInteger":
+                text.append("(enum) (unknown) %s" % (v, ))
+            elif v.__class__.__name__ == "EnumIntegerString":
+                text.append("(enum) %s %s" % (v, v.intvalue, ))
+            elif v.__class__.__name__ in ["HexDisplayedBytes", "HexDumpDisplayedBytes"]:
+                text.append(indentation.join(str(v).split("\n")))
+            elif isinstance(v, bytestringtype):
+                printingcap = 16
+                if len(v) <= printingcap or globalPrintFullStrings:
+                    text.append("%s (total %d)" % (reprstring(v), len(v)))
+                else:
+                    text.append("%s... (truncated, total %d)" % (reprstring(v[:printingcap]), len(v)))
+            elif isinstance(v, unicodestringtype):
+                printingcap = 32
+                if len(v) <= printingcap or globalPrintFullStrings:
+                    text.append("%s (total %d)" % (reprstring(v), len(v)))
+                else:
+                    text.append("%s... (truncated, total %d)" % (reprstring(v[:printingcap]), len(v)))
+            else:
+                text.append(indentation.join(str(v).split("\n")))
+        return "".join(text)
+
+    def _search(self, compiled_pattern, search_all):
+        items = []
+        for key in self.keys():
+            try:
+                if isinstance(self[key], (Container,ListContainer)):
+                    ret = self[key]._search(compiled_pattern, search_all)
+                    if ret is not None:
+                        if search_all:
+                            items.extend(ret)
+                        else:
+                            return ret
+                elif compiled_pattern.match(key):
+                    if search_all:
+                        items.append(self[key])
+                    else:
+                        return self[key]
+            except:
+                pass
+        if search_all:
+            return items
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def search(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Searches a container (non-recursively) using regex.
+        """
+        compiled_pattern = re.compile(pattern)
+        return self._search(compiled_pattern, False)
+
+    def search_all(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Searches a container (recursively) using regex.
+        """
+        compiled_pattern = re.compile(pattern)
+        return self._search(compiled_pattern, True)
+
+
+class ListContainer(list):
+    r"""
+    Generic container like list. Provides pretty-printing. Also provides regex searching.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> ListContainer()
+        >>> ListContainer([1, 2, 3])
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> print(repr(obj))
+        [1, 2, 3]
+        >>> print(obj)
+        ListContainer
+            1
+            2
+            3
+    """
+
+    @recursion_lock()
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "ListContainer(%s)" % (list.__repr__(self), )
+
+    @recursion_lock()
+    def __str__(self):
+        indentation = "\n    "
+        text = ["ListContainer: "]
+        for k in self:
+            text.append(indentation)
+            lines = str(k).split("\n")
+            text.append(indentation.join(lines))
+        return "".join(text)
+
+    def _search(self, compiled_pattern, search_all):
+        items = []
+        for item in self:
+            try:
+                ret = item._search(compiled_pattern, search_all)
+            except:
+                continue
+            if ret is not None:
+                if search_all:
+                    items.extend(ret)
+                else:
+                    return ret
+        if search_all:
+            return items
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def search(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Searches a container (non-recursively) using regex.
+        """
+        compiled_pattern = re.compile(pattern)
+        return self._search(compiled_pattern, False)
+
+    def search_all(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Searches a container (recursively) using regex.
+        """
+        compiled_pattern = re.compile(pattern)
+        return self._search(compiled_pattern, True)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/hex.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/hex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97046e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/hex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from construct.lib.py3compat import *
+import binascii
+
+
+class HexDisplayedInteger(integertypes[0]):
+    """Used internally."""
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "0x" + format(self, self.fmtstr).upper()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def new(intvalue, fmtstr):
+        obj = HexDisplayedInteger(intvalue)
+        obj.fmtstr = fmtstr
+        return obj
+
+class HexDisplayedBytes(bytestringtype):
+    """Used internally."""
+    def __str__(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, "render"):
+            self.render = "unhexlify(%s)" % (trimstring(binascii.hexlify(self)), )
+        return self.render
+
+class HexDisplayedDict(dict):
+    """Used internally."""
+    def __str__(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, "render"):
+            self.render = "unhexlify(%s)" % (trimstring(binascii.hexlify(self["data"])), )
+        return self.render
+
+class HexDumpDisplayedBytes(bytestringtype):
+    """Used internally."""
+    def __str__(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, "render"):
+            self.render = hexdump(self, 16)
+        return self.render
+
+class HexDumpDisplayedDict(dict):
+    """Used internally."""
+    def __str__(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, "render"):
+            self.render = hexdump(self["data"], 16)
+        return self.render
+
+
+# Map an integer in the inclusive range 0-255 to its string byte representation
+PRINTABLE = [bytes2str(int2byte(i)) if 32 <= i < 128 else '.' for i in range(256)]
+HEXPRINT = [format(i, '02X') for i in range(256)]
+
+
+def hexdump(data, linesize):
+    r"""
+    Turns bytes into a unicode string of the format:
+
+    ::
+
+        >>>print(hexdump(b'0' * 100, 16))
+        hexundump(\"\"\"
+        0000   30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30   0000000000000000
+        0010   30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30   0000000000000000
+        0020   30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30   0000000000000000
+        0030   30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30   0000000000000000
+        0040   30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30   0000000000000000
+        0050   30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30   0000000000000000
+        0060   30 30 30 30                                       0000
+        \"\"\")
+    """
+    if len(data) < 16**4:
+        fmt = "%%04X   %%-%ds   %%s" % (3*linesize-1,)
+    elif len(data) < 16**8:
+        fmt = "%%08X   %%-%ds   %%s" % (3*linesize-1,)
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("hexdump cannot process more than 16**8 or 4294967296 bytes")
+    prettylines = []
+    prettylines.append('hexundump("""')
+    for i in range(0, len(data), linesize):
+        line = data[i:i+linesize]
+        hextext = " ".join(HEXPRINT[b] for b in line)
+        rawtext = "".join(PRINTABLE[b] for b in line)
+        prettylines.append(fmt % (i, str(hextext), str(rawtext)))
+    prettylines.append('""")')
+    prettylines.append("")
+    return "\n".join(prettylines)
+
+
+def hexundump(data, linesize):
+    r"""
+    Reverse of `hexdump`.
+    """
+    raw = []
+    for line in data.split("\n")[1:-2]:
+        line = line[line.find(" "):].lstrip()
+        bytes = [int2byte(int(s,16)) for s in line[:3*linesize].split()]
+        raw.extend(bytes)
+    return b"".join(raw)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/py3compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/py3compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8408144
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/lib/py3compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import sys, platform
+
+PY = sys.version_info[:2]
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+PYPY = '__pypy__' in sys.builtin_module_names
+ONWINDOWS = platform.system() == "Windows"
+
+stringtypes = (bytes, str, )
+integertypes = (int, )
+unicodestringtype = str
+bytestringtype = bytes
+
+INT2BYTE_CACHE = {i:bytes([i]) for i in range(256)}
+def int2byte(character):
+    """Converts (0 through 255) integer into b'...' character."""
+    return INT2BYTE_CACHE[character]
+
+def byte2int(character):
+    """Converts b'...' character into (0 through 255) integer."""
+    return character[0]
+
+def str2bytes(string):
+    """Converts '...' string into b'...' string. On PY2 they are equivalent. On PY3 its utf8 encoded."""
+    return string.encode("utf8")
+
+def bytes2str(string):
+    """Converts b'...' string into '...' string. On PY2 they are equivalent. On PY3 its utf8 decoded."""
+    return string.decode("utf8")
+
+def reprstring(data):
+    """Ensures there is b- u- prefix before the string."""
+    if isinstance(data, bytes):
+        return repr(data)
+    if isinstance(data, str):
+        return 'u' + repr(data)
+
+def trimstring(data):
+    """Trims b- u- prefix"""
+    if isinstance(data, bytes):
+        return repr(data)[1:]
+    if isinstance(data, str):
+        return repr(data)
+
+def integers2bytes(ints):
+    """Converts integer generator into bytes."""
+    return bytes(ints)
+
+def bytes2integers(data):
+    """Converts bytes into integer list, so indexing/iterating yields integers."""
+    return list(data)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70a6577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version = (2,10,67)
+version_string = "2.10.67"
+release_date = "2021.04.21"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00d5093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+from .dataclass_struct import (
+    DataclassBitStruct,
+    DataclassMixin,
+    DataclassStruct,
+    TBitStruct,
+    TContainerBase,
+    TContainerMixin,
+    TStruct,
+    TStructField,
+    csfield,
+    sfield,
+)
+from .generic_wrapper import (
+    Adapter,
+    ConstantOrContextLambda,
+    Construct,
+    Context,
+    ListContainer,
+    PathType,
+)
+from .tenum import EnumBase, FlagsEnumBase, TEnum, TFlagsEnum
+
+__all__ = [
+    "DataclassBitStruct",
+    "DataclassMixin",
+    "DataclassStruct",
+    "TBitStruct",
+    "TContainerBase",
+    "TContainerMixin",
+    "TStruct",
+    "TStructField",
+    "csfield",
+    "sfield",
+    "EnumBase",
+    "FlagsEnumBase",
+    "TEnum",
+    "TFlagsEnum",
+    "Adapter",
+    "ConstantOrContextLambda",
+    "Construct",
+    "Context",
+    "ListContainer",
+    "PathType",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/dataclass_struct.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/dataclass_struct.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..78d2e59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/dataclass_struct.py
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# pyright: strict
+import dataclasses
+import textwrap
+import typing as t
+
+import construct as cs
+from construct.lib.containers import (
+    globalPrintFullStrings,
+    globalPrintPrivateEntries,
+    recursion_lock,
+)
+from construct.lib.py3compat import bytestringtype, reprstring, unicodestringtype
+
+from .generic_wrapper import Adapter, Construct, Context, ParsedType, PathType
+
+
+class DataclassMixin:
+    """
+    Mixin for the dataclasses which are passed to "DataclassStruct" and "DataclassBitStruct".
+
+    Note: This implementation is different to the 'cs.Container' of the original 'construct'
+    library. In the original 'cs.Container' some names like "update", "keys", "items", ... can
+    only accessed via key access (square brackets) and not via attribute access (dot operator),
+    because they are also method names. This implementation is based on "dataclasses.dataclass"
+    which only uses modul-level instead of instance-level helper methods.So no instance-level
+    methods exists and every name can be used.
+    """
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> t.Any:
+        return getattr(self, key)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: t.Any) -> None:
+        setattr(self, key, value)
+
+    @recursion_lock()
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        indentation = "\n    "
+        text = [f"{self.__class__.__name__}: "]
+
+        for field in dataclasses.fields(self):
+            k = field.name
+            v = getattr(self, field.name)
+            if k.startswith("_") and not globalPrintPrivateEntries:
+                continue
+            text.extend([indentation, str(k), " = "])
+            if v.__class__.__name__ == "EnumInteger":
+                text.append("(enum) (unknown) %s" % (v,))
+            elif v.__class__.__name__ == "EnumIntegerString":
+                text.append("(enum) %s %s" % (v, v.intvalue))
+            elif v.__class__.__name__ in ["HexDisplayedBytes", "HexDumpDisplayedBytes"]:
+                text.append(indentation.join(str(v).split("\n")))
+            elif isinstance(v, bytestringtype):
+                printingcap = 16
+                if len(v) <= printingcap or globalPrintFullStrings:
+                    text.append("%s (total %d)" % (reprstring(v), len(v)))
+                else:
+                    text.append(
+                        "%s... (truncated, total %d)"
+                        % (reprstring(v[:printingcap]), len(v))
+                    )
+            elif isinstance(v, unicodestringtype):
+                printingcap = 32
+                if len(v) <= printingcap or globalPrintFullStrings:
+                    text.append("%s (total %d)" % (reprstring(v), len(v)))
+                else:
+                    text.append(
+                        "%s... (truncated, total %d)"
+                        % (reprstring(v[:printingcap]), len(v))
+                    )
+            else:
+                text.append(indentation.join(str(v).split("\n")))
+        return "".join(text)
+
+
+def csfield(
+    subcon: Construct[ParsedType, t.Any],
+    doc: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    parsed: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Any, Context], None]] = None,
+) -> ParsedType:
+    """
+    Helper method for "DataclassStruct" and "DataclassBitStruct" to create the dataclass fields.
+
+    This method also processes Const and Default, to pass these values als default values to the dataclass.
+    """
+    orig_subcon = subcon
+
+    # Rename subcon, if doc or parsed are available
+    if (doc is not None) or (parsed is not None):
+        if doc is not None:
+            doc = textwrap.dedent(doc).strip("\n")
+        subcon = cs.Renamed(subcon, newdocs=doc, newparsed=parsed)
+
+    if orig_subcon.flagbuildnone is True:
+        init = False
+        default = None
+    else:
+        init = True
+        default = dataclasses.MISSING
+
+    # Set default values in case of special sucons
+    if isinstance(orig_subcon, cs.Const):
+        const_subcon: "cs.Const[t.Any, t.Any, t.Any, t.Any]" = orig_subcon
+        default = const_subcon.value
+    elif isinstance(orig_subcon, cs.Default):
+        default_subcon: "cs.Default[t.Any, t.Any, t.Any, t.Any]" = orig_subcon
+        if callable(default_subcon.value):
+            default = None  # context lambda is only defined at parsing/building
+        else:
+            default = default_subcon.value
+
+    return t.cast(
+        ParsedType,
+        dataclasses.field(
+            default=default,
+            init=init,
+            metadata={"subcon": subcon},
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+DataclassType = t.TypeVar("DataclassType", bound=DataclassMixin)
+
+
+class DataclassStruct(Adapter[t.Any, t.Any, DataclassType, DataclassType]):
+    """
+    Adapter for a dataclasses for optimised type hints / static autocompletion in comparision to the original Struct.
+
+    Before this construct can be created a dataclasses.dataclass type must be created, which must also derive from DataclassMixin. In this dataclass all fields must be assigned to a construct type using csfield.
+
+    Internally, all fields are converted to a Struct, which does the actual parsing/building.
+
+    Parses to a dataclasses.dataclass instance, and builds from such instance. Size is the sum of all subcon sizes, unless any subcon raises SizeofError.
+
+    :param dc_type: Type of the dataclass, which also inherits from DataclassMixin
+    :param reverse: Flag if the fields of the dataclass should be reversed
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> import dataclasses
+        >>> from construct import Bytes, Int8ub, this
+        >>> from construct_typed import DataclassMixin, DataclassStruct, csfield
+        >>> @dataclasses.dataclass
+        ... class Image(DataclassMixin):
+        ...     width: int = csfield(Int8ub)
+        ...     height: int = csfield(Int8ub)
+        ...     pixels: bytes = csfield(Bytes(this.height * this.width))
+        >>> d = DataclassStruct(Image)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01\x0212")
+        Image(width=1, height=2, pixels=b'12')
+    """
+
+    subcon: "cs.Struct[t.Any, t.Any]"
+    if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+
+        def __new__(
+            cls,
+            dc_type: t.Type[DataclassType],
+            reverse: bool = False,
+        ) -> "DataclassStruct[DataclassType]":
+            ...
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dc_type: t.Type[DataclassType],
+        reverse: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not issubclass(dc_type, DataclassMixin):
+            raise TypeError(f"'{repr(dc_type)}' has to be a '{repr(DataclassMixin)}'")
+        if not dataclasses.is_dataclass(dc_type):
+            raise TypeError(f"'{repr(dc_type)}' has to be a 'dataclasses.dataclass'")
+        self.dc_type = dc_type
+        self.reverse = reverse
+
+        # get all fields from the dataclass
+        fields = dataclasses.fields(self.dc_type)
+        if self.reverse:
+            fields = tuple(reversed(fields))
+
+        # extract the construct formats from the struct_type
+        subcon_fields = {}
+        for field in fields:
+            subcon_fields[field.name] = field.metadata["subcon"]
+
+        # init adatper
+        super().__init__(cs.Struct(**subcon_fields))  # type: ignore
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        return getattr(self.subcon, name)
+
+    def _decode(
+        self, obj: "cs.Container[t.Any]", context: Context, path: PathType
+    ) -> DataclassType:
+        # get all fields from the dataclass
+        fields = dataclasses.fields(self.dc_type)
+
+        # extract all fields from the container, that are used for create the dataclass object
+        dc_init = {}
+        for field in fields:
+            if field.init:
+                value = obj[field.name]
+                dc_init[field.name] = value
+
+        # create object of dataclass
+        dc = self.dc_type(**dc_init)  # type: ignore
+
+        # extract all other values from the container, an pass it to the dataclass
+        for field in fields:
+            if not field.init:
+                value = obj[field.name]
+                setattr(dc, field.name, value)
+
+        return dc
+
+    def _encode(
+        self, obj: DataclassType, context: Context, path: PathType
+    ) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        if not isinstance(obj, self.dc_type):
+            raise TypeError(f"'{repr(obj)}' has to be of type {repr(self.dc_type)}")
+
+        # get all fields from the dataclass
+        fields = dataclasses.fields(self.dc_type)
+
+        # extract all fields from the container, that are used for create the dataclass object
+        ret_dict: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+        for field in fields:
+            value = getattr(obj, field.name)
+            ret_dict[field.name] = value
+
+        return ret_dict
+
+
+def DataclassBitStruct(
+    dc_type: t.Type[DataclassType], reverse: bool = False
+) -> t.Union[
+    "cs.Transformed[DataclassType, DataclassType]",
+    "cs.Restreamed[DataclassType, DataclassType]",
+]:
+    r"""
+    Makes a DataclassStruct inside a Bitwise.
+
+    See :class:`~construct.core.Bitwise` and :class:`~construct_typed.dataclass_struct.DatclassStruct` for semantics and raisable exceptions.
+
+    :param dc_type: Type of the dataclass, which also inherits from DataclassMixin
+    :param reverse: Flag if the fields of the dataclass should be reversed
+
+    Example::
+
+        DataclassBitStruct  <-->  Bitwise(DataclassStruct(...))
+        >>> import dataclasses
+        >>> from construct import BitsInteger, Flag, Nibble, Padding
+        >>> from construct_typed import DataclassBitStruct, DataclassMixin, csfield
+        >>> @dataclasses.dataclass
+        ... class TestDataclass(DataclassMixin):
+        ...     a: int = csfield(Flag)
+        ...     b: int = csfield(Nibble)
+        ...     c: int = csfield(BitsInteger(10))
+        ...     d: None = csfield(Padding(1))
+        >>> d = DataclassBitStruct(TestDataclass)
+        >>> d.parse(b"\x01\x02")
+        TestDataclass(a=False, b=0, c=129, d=None)
+    """
+    return cs.Bitwise(DataclassStruct(dc_type, reverse))
+
+
+# support legacy names
+TStruct = DataclassStruct
+TBitStruct = DataclassBitStruct
+TContainerMixin = DataclassMixin
+TContainerBase = DataclassMixin
+TStructField = csfield
+sfield = csfield
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/generic_wrapper.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/generic_wrapper.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa4af4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/generic_wrapper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import typing as t
+
+ParsedType = t.TypeVar("ParsedType", covariant=True)
+BuildTypes = t.TypeVar("BuildTypes", contravariant=True)
+SubconParsedType = t.TypeVar("SubconParsedType", covariant=True)
+SubconBuildTypes = t.TypeVar("SubconBuildTypes", contravariant=True)
+ListType = t.TypeVar("ListType")
+ValueType = t.TypeVar("ValueType")
+
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    # while type checking, the original classes are already generics, because they are defined like this in the stubs.
+    from construct import Adapter as Adapter
+    from construct import ConstantOrContextLambda as ConstantOrContextLambda
+    from construct import Construct as Construct
+    from construct import Context as Context
+    from construct import ListContainer as ListContainer
+    from construct import PathType as PathType
+
+
+else:
+    import construct as cs
+
+    # at runtime, the original classes are no generics, so whe have to make new classes with generics support
+    class Construct(t.Generic[ParsedType, BuildTypes], cs.Construct):
+        pass
+
+    class Adapter(
+        t.Generic[SubconParsedType, SubconBuildTypes, ParsedType, BuildTypes],
+        cs.Adapter,
+    ):
+        pass
+
+    class ListContainer(t.Generic[ListType], cs.ListContainer):
+        pass
+
+    class Context:
+        pass
+
+    ConstantOrContextLambda = t.Union[ValueType, t.Callable[[Context], t.Any]]
+    PathType = str
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/tenum.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/tenum.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c93e33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/tenum.py
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+import enum
+import typing as t
+
+from .generic_wrapper import *
+
+
+# ## TEnum ############################################################################################################
+class EnumBase(enum.IntEnum):
+    """
+    Base class for an Enum used in `construct_typed.TEnum`.
+
+    This class extends the standard `enum.IntEnum`, so that missing values are automatically generated.
+    """
+
+    # Extend the enum type with __missing__ method. So if a enum value
+    # not found in the enum, a new pseudo member is created.
+    # The idea is taken from: https://stackoverflow.com/a/57179436
+    @classmethod
+    def _missing_(cls, value: t.Any) -> t.Optional["EnumBase"]:
+        if isinstance(value, int):
+            return cls._create_pseudo_member_(value)
+        return None  # will raise the ValueError in Enum.__new__
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _create_pseudo_member_(cls, value: int) -> "EnumBase":
+        pseudo_member = cls._value2member_map_.get(value, None)  # type: ignore
+        if pseudo_member is None:
+            new_member = int.__new__(cls, value)
+            # I expect a name attribute to hold a string, hence str(value)
+            # However, new_member._name_ = value works, too
+            new_member._name_ = str(value)
+            new_member._value_ = value
+            pseudo_member = cls._value2member_map_.setdefault(value, new_member)  # type: ignore
+        return pseudo_member  # type: ignore
+
+
+EnumType = t.TypeVar("EnumType", bound=EnumBase)
+
+
+class TEnum(Adapter[int, int, EnumType, EnumType]):
+    """
+    Typed enum.
+    """
+
+    if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+
+        def __new__(
+            cls, subcon: Construct[int, int], enum_type: t.Type[EnumType]
+        ) -> "TEnum[EnumType]":
+            ...
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon: Construct[int, int], enum_type: t.Type[EnumType]):
+        if not issubclass(enum_type, EnumBase):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "'{}' has to be a '{}'".format(repr(enum_type), repr(EnumBase))
+            )
+
+        # save enum type
+        self.enum_type = t.cast(t.Type[EnumType], enum_type)  # type: ignore
+
+        # init adatper
+        super(TEnum, self).__init__(subcon)  # type: ignore
+
+    def _decode(self, obj: int, context: Context, path: PathType) -> EnumType:
+        return self.enum_type(obj)
+
+    def _encode(
+        self,
+        obj: EnumType,
+        context: Context,
+        path: PathType,
+    ) -> int:
+        if isinstance(obj, self.enum_type):
+            return int(obj)
+        raise TypeError(
+            "'{}' has to be of type {}".format(repr(obj), repr(self.enum_type))
+        )
+
+
+# ## TFlagsEnum #######################################################################################################
+class FlagsEnumBase(enum.IntFlag):
+    pass
+
+
+FlagsEnumType = t.TypeVar("FlagsEnumType", bound=FlagsEnumBase)
+
+
+class TFlagsEnum(Adapter[int, int, FlagsEnumType, FlagsEnumType]):
+    """
+    Typed enum.
+    """
+
+    if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+
+        def __new__(
+            cls, subcon: Construct[int, int], enum_type: t.Type[FlagsEnumType]
+        ) -> "TFlagsEnum[FlagsEnumType]":
+            ...
+
+    def __init__(self, subcon: Construct[int, int], enum_type: t.Type[FlagsEnumType]):
+        if not issubclass(enum_type, FlagsEnumBase):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "'{}' has to be a '{}'".format(repr(enum_type), repr(FlagsEnumBase))
+            )
+
+        # save enum type
+        self.enum_type = t.cast(t.Type[FlagsEnumType], enum_type)  # type: ignore
+
+        # init adatper
+        super(TFlagsEnum, self).__init__(subcon)  # type: ignore
+
+    def _decode(self, obj: int, context: Context, path: PathType) -> FlagsEnumType:
+        return self.enum_type(obj)
+
+    def _encode(
+        self,
+        obj: FlagsEnumType,
+        context: Context,
+        path: PathType,
+    ) -> int:
+        if isinstance(obj, self.enum_type):
+            return int(obj)
+        raise TypeError(
+            "'{}' has to be of type {}".format(repr(obj), repr(self.enum_type))
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a555cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typed/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+version = (0, 5, 2)
+version_string = "0.5.2"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fefaa1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2020 timrid
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff2b638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: construct-typing
+Version: 0.5.2
+Summary: Extension for the python package 'construct' that adds typing features
+Home-page: https://github.com/timrid/construct-typing
+Author: Tim Riddermann
+License: MIT
+Keywords: construct,kaitai,declarative,data structure,struct,binary,symmetric,parser,builder,parsing,building,pack,unpack,packer,unpacker,bitstring,bytestring,annotation,type hint,typing,typed,bitstruct,PEP 561
+Platform: POSIX
+Platform: Windows
+Classifier: Development Status :: 3 - Alpha
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Build Tools
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Code Generators
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Typing :: Typed
+Requires-Python: >=3.7
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: construct (==2.10.67)
+
+# construct-typing
+[![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/construct-typing)](https://pypi.org/project/construct-typing/)
+![PyPI - Implementation](https://img.shields.io/pypi/implementation/construct-typing)
+![PyPI - Python Version](https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/construct-typing)
+![GitHub](https://img.shields.io/github/license/timrid/construct-typing)
+
+This project is an extension of the python package [*construct*](https://pypi.org/project/construct/), which is a powerful **declarative** and **symmetrical** parser and builder for binary data. This Repository consists of two packages:
+
+- **construct-stubs**: Adding .pyi for the whole *construct 2.10* package (according to  [PEP 561 stub-only packages](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0561/#stub-only-packages))
+- **construct_typed**: Adding additional classes that help with autocompletion and additional type hints.
+
+## Installation
+This package comply to [PEP 561](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0561/). So most of the static code analysers will recognise the stubs automatically. The installation only requires:
+```
+pip install construct-typing
+```
+
+## Tests
+The stubs are tested against the pytests of the *construct* package in a slightly modified form. Since the tests are relatively detailed I think most cases are covered.
+
+The new typed constructs have new written pytests, which also passes all pytests and the static type checkers.
+
+The following static type checkers are fully supported:
+- mypy
+- pyright
+
+## Explanation
+### Stubs
+The **construct-stubs** package is used for creating type hints for the orignial *construct* package. In particular the `build` and `parse` methods get type hints. So the core of the stubs  are the `TypeVar`'s `ParsedType` and `BuildTypes`:
+- `Construct.build`: converts an object of one of the types defined by `BuildTypes` to a `bytes` object.
+- `Construct.parse`: converts a `bytes` object to an object of type `ParsedType`.
+
+For each `Construct` the stub file defines to which type it parses to and from which it can be build. For example:
+
+| Construct            | parses to (ParsedType)         | builds from (BuildTypes)                 |
+| -------------------- | ------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------- |
+| `Int16ub`            | `int`                          | `int`                                    |
+| `Bytes`              | `bytes`                        | `bytes`, `bytearray` or `memoryview`     |
+| `Array(5, Int16ub)`  | `ListContainer[int]`           | `typing.List[int]`                       |
+| `Struct("i" / Byte)` | `Container[typing.Any]`        | `typing.Dict[str, typing.Any]` or `None` |
+
+The problem is to describe the more complex constructs like:
+ - `Sequence`, `FocusedSeq` which has heterogenous subcons in comparison to an `Array` with only homogenous subcons. 
+ - `Struct`, `BitStruct`, `LazyStruct`, `Union` which has heterogenous and named subcons.
+
+Currently only the very unspecific type `typing.Any` can be used as type hint (maybe in the future it can be optimised a little, when [variadic generics](https://mail.python.org/archives/list/typing-sig@python.org/thread/SQVTQYWIOI4TIO7NNBTFFWFMSMS2TA4J/) become available). But the biggest disadvantage is that autocompletion for the named subcons is not available.
+
+Note: The stubs are based on *construct* in Version 2.10.
+
+
+### Typed
+**!!! EXPERIMENTAL VERSION !!!**
+
+To include autocompletion and further enhance the type hints for these complex constructs the **construct_typed** package is used as an extension to the original *construct* package. It is mainly a few Adapters with the focus on type hints.
+
+It implements the following new constructs:
+- `DataclassStruct`: similar to `construct.Struct` but strictly tied to `DataclassMixin` and `@dataclasses.dataclass`
+- `DataclassBitStruct`: similar to `construct.BitStruct` but strictly tied to `DataclassMixin` and `@dataclasses.dataclass`
+- `TEnum`: similar to `construct.Enum` but strictly tied to a `TEnumBase` class
+- `TFlagsEnum`: similar to `construct.FlagsEnum` but strictly tied to a `TFlagsEnumBase` class
+
+These types are strongly typed, which means that there is no difference between the `ParsedType` and the `BuildTypes`. So to build one of the constructs the correct type is enforced. The disadvantage is that the code will be a little bit longer, because you can not for example use a normal `dict` to build an `DataclassStruct`. But the big advantage is, that if you use the correct container type instead of a `dict`, the static code analyses can do its magic and find potential type errors and missing values without running the code itself.
+
+
+A short example:
+
+```python
+import dataclasses
+import typing as t
+from construct import Array, Byte, Const, Int8ub, this
+from construct_typed import DataclassMixin, DataclassStruct, EnumBase, TEnum, csfield
+
+class Orientation(EnumBase):
+    HORIZONTAL = 0
+    VERTICAL = 1
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class Image(DataclassMixin):
+    signature: bytes = csfield(Const(b"BMP"))
+    orientation: Orientation = csfield(TEnum(Int8ub, Orientation))
+    width: int = csfield(Int8ub)
+    height: int = csfield(Int8ub)
+    pixels: t.List[int] = csfield(Array(this.width * this.height, Byte))
+
+format = DataclassStruct(Image)
+obj = Image(
+    orientation=Orientation.VERTICAL,
+    width=3,
+    height=2,
+    pixels=[7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13],
+)
+print(format.build(obj))
+print(format.parse(b"BMP\x01\x03\x02\x07\x08\t\x0b\x0c\r"))
+```
+Output:
+```
+b'BMP\x01\x03\x02\x07\x08\t\x0b\x0c\r'
+Image: 
+    signature = b'BMP' (total 3)
+    orientation = Orientation.VERTICAL
+    width = 3
+    height = 2
+    pixels = ListContainer:
+        7
+        8
+        9
+        11
+        12
+        13
+```
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efe6b5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+construct-stubs/__init__.pyi,sha256=fZAAeMk7Q2IAz7A1DlOHXKDxHRzxMjx3kBTEq9NKIdg,3935
+construct-stubs/core.pyi,sha256=KNJ_BCmZzM6eMS0myK22fjzAH_o1K8-6iGDS2tMT41I,41574
+construct-stubs/debug.pyi,sha256=z98VOn11ILF51JARYGHz9ddC770sGpNPTIWb3glaqW4,333
+construct-stubs/expr.pyi,sha256=usjbWFoHg-SXysltiOrhrIPx-cmrhvg7dAr4AeRUaI8,28341
+construct-stubs/lib/__init__.pyi,sha256=Qe9PE7wG6WBTbCv2fBdJZB4hl-gMg3W0ZIECApDMN3s,1116
+construct-stubs/lib/binary.pyi,sha256=YiJzmVuRJXIAdN0xintsMb-Od8oVaHGNUKCW4SxfYSI,577
+construct-stubs/lib/bitstream.pyi,sha256=kCGYOZVr4_9mN3UESAXMkxIkbHOgXrhN2Aqkj9a34t0,1507
+construct-stubs/lib/containers.pyi,sha256=3rBSgDD9sW7L83PqFHBOTzOebn0IC2CAl2y-qaSIE4w,1156
+construct-stubs/lib/hex.pyi,sha256=BxFiPdsldT3CaEh831nND-ZoQyrIMHKDE10yg5yiOlI,261
+construct-stubs/lib/py3compat.pyi,sha256=pQWCA2VG6kTzD2aDAQKsUccpL2ydV9Nbs1G_bY0_Xr4,596
+construct-stubs/version.pyi,sha256=jXTDom-6iCZfcAaf8qbnAs9dxvlp1JEnqE5kSLSt3YQ,90
+construct_typed/__init__.py,sha256=XpirgGDlfw1mqvpEqP4km1GRT73PBSYColrZ0ULyZy4,806
+construct_typed/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct_typed/__pycache__/dataclass_struct.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct_typed/__pycache__/generic_wrapper.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct_typed/__pycache__/tenum.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct_typed/__pycache__/version.cpython-39.pyc,,
+construct_typed/dataclass_struct.py,sha256=RbE80SYtIU039PYGP6buCvUANpwPKJJtKFcCr7EZDLk,10061
+construct_typed/generic_wrapper.py,sha256=tOzPI376k-YuLdg00rBhWDDNGr7tkgeFb_4avhG-rlA,1371
+construct_typed/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+construct_typed/tenum.py,sha256=u9wdColwSOTHZ7hRqYG-btcUoi1XuMllmooMxZte-jo,4015
+construct_typed/version.py,sha256=cqJR7c0CsiyRgONYnbcSmEX8UaBts4lR5f24g8gp0ew,44
+construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=2jsxntLd5gIKkh-pOhExtb_YxhjAm-GL1KHOdBoeSMY,1063
+construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=uHp2Hqffi7eFul4_HMCrBSDryf1g4MneZ0CjKCNEh6c,6963
+construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/RECORD,,
+construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ewwEueio1C2XeHTvT17n8dZUJgOvyCWCt0WVNLClP9o,92
+construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=Nu1xIXFb7aYaqn7GQ3lAIyy2QiaB9U9XFDoITj6vZ-U,32
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26d90c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/construct_typing-0.5.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+construct-stubs
+construct_typed
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/distutils-precedence.pth b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/distutils-precedence.pth
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f009fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/distutils-precedence.pth
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import os; var = 'SETUPTOOLS_USE_DISTUTILS'; enabled = os.environ.get(var, 'local') == 'local'; enabled and __import__('_distutils_hack').add_shim(); 
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f080ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2016 Nathaniel J. Smith <njs@pobox.com> and other contributors
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5478c3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: h11
+Version: 0.12.0
+Summary: A pure-Python, bring-your-own-I/O implementation of HTTP/1.1
+Home-page: https://github.com/python-hyper/h11
+Author: Nathaniel J. Smith
+Author-email: njs@pobox.com
+License: MIT
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 3 - Alpha
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP
+Classifier: Topic :: System :: Networking
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+
+h11
+===
+
+.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/python-hyper/h11.svg?branch=master
+   :target: https://travis-ci.org/python-hyper/h11
+   :alt: Automated test status
+
+.. image:: https://codecov.io/gh/python-hyper/h11/branch/master/graph/badge.svg
+   :target: https://codecov.io/gh/python-hyper/h11
+   :alt: Test coverage
+
+.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/h11/badge/?version=latest
+   :target: http://h11.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
+   :alt: Documentation Status
+
+This is a little HTTP/1.1 library written from scratch in Python,
+heavily inspired by `hyper-h2 <https://hyper-h2.readthedocs.io/>`_.
+
+It's a "bring-your-own-I/O" library; h11 contains no IO code
+whatsoever. This means you can hook h11 up to your favorite network
+API, and that could be anything you want: synchronous, threaded,
+asynchronous, or your own implementation of `RFC 6214
+<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6214>`_ -- h11 won't judge you.
+(Compare this to the current state of the art, where every time a `new
+network API <https://trio.readthedocs.io/>`_ comes along then someone
+gets to start over reimplementing the entire HTTP protocol from
+scratch.) Cory Benfield made an `excellent blog post describing the
+benefits of this approach
+<https://lukasa.co.uk/2015/10/The_New_Hyper/>`_, or if you like video
+then here's his `PyCon 2016 talk on the same theme
+<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cC3_jGwl_U>`_.
+
+This also means that h11 is not immediately useful out of the box:
+it's a toolkit for building programs that speak HTTP, not something
+that could directly replace ``requests`` or ``twisted.web`` or
+whatever. But h11 makes it much easier to implement something like
+``requests`` or ``twisted.web``.
+
+At a high level, working with h11 goes like this:
+
+1) First, create an ``h11.Connection`` object to track the state of a
+   single HTTP/1.1 connection.
+
+2) When you read data off the network, pass it to
+   ``conn.receive_data(...)``; you'll get back a list of objects
+   representing high-level HTTP "events".
+
+3) When you want to send a high-level HTTP event, create the
+   corresponding "event" object and pass it to ``conn.send(...)``;
+   this will give you back some bytes that you can then push out
+   through the network.
+
+For example, a client might instantiate and then send a
+``h11.Request`` object, then zero or more ``h11.Data`` objects for the
+request body (e.g., if this is a POST), and then a
+``h11.EndOfMessage`` to indicate the end of the message. Then the
+server would then send back a ``h11.Response``, some ``h11.Data``, and
+its own ``h11.EndOfMessage``. If either side violates the protocol,
+you'll get a ``h11.ProtocolError`` exception.
+
+h11 is suitable for implementing both servers and clients, and has a
+pleasantly symmetric API: the events you send as a client are exactly
+the ones that you receive as a server and vice-versa.
+
+`Here's an example of a tiny HTTP client
+<https://github.com/python-hyper/h11/blob/master/examples/basic-client.py>`_
+
+It also has `a fine manual <https://h11.readthedocs.io/>`_.
+
+FAQ
+---
+
+*Whyyyyy?*
+
+I wanted to play with HTTP in `Curio
+<https://curio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html>`__ and `Trio
+<https://trio.readthedocs.io>`__, which at the time didn't have any
+HTTP libraries. So I thought, no big deal, Python has, like, a dozen
+different implementations of HTTP, surely I can find one that's
+reusable. I didn't find one, but I did find Cory's call-to-arms
+blog-post. So I figured, well, fine, if I have to implement HTTP from
+scratch, at least I can make sure no-one *else* has to ever again.
+
+*Should I use it?*
+
+Maybe. You should be aware that it's a very young project. But, it's
+feature complete and has an exhaustive test-suite and complete docs,
+so the next step is for people to try using it and see how it goes
+:-). If you do then please let us know -- if nothing else we'll want
+to talk to you before making any incompatible changes!
+
+*What are the features/limitations?*
+
+Roughly speaking, it's trying to be a robust, complete, and non-hacky
+implementation of the first "chapter" of the HTTP/1.1 spec: `RFC 7230:
+HTTP/1.1 Message Syntax and Routing
+<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230>`_. That is, it mostly focuses on
+implementing HTTP at the level of taking bytes on and off the wire,
+and the headers related to that, and tries to be anal about spec
+conformance. It doesn't know about higher-level concerns like URL
+routing, conditional GETs, cross-origin cookie policies, or content
+negotiation. But it does know how to take care of framing,
+cross-version differences in keep-alive handling, and the "obsolete
+line folding" rule, so you can focus your energies on the hard /
+interesting parts for your application, and it tries to support the
+full specification in the sense that any useful HTTP/1.1 conformant
+application should be able to use h11.
+
+It's pure Python, and has no dependencies outside of the standard
+library.
+
+It has a test suite with 100.0% coverage for both statements and
+branches.
+
+Currently it supports Python 3 (testing on 3.6-3.9) and PyPy 3.
+The last Python 2-compatible version was h11 0.11.x.
+(Originally it had a Cython wrapper for `http-parser
+<https://github.com/nodejs/http-parser>`_ and a beautiful nested state
+machine implemented with ``yield from`` to postprocess the output. But
+I had to take these out -- the new *parser* needs fewer lines-of-code
+than the old *parser wrapper*, is written in pure Python, uses no
+exotic language syntax, and has more features. It's sad, really; that
+old state machine was really slick. I just need a few sentences here
+to mourn that.)
+
+I don't know how fast it is. I haven't benchmarked or profiled it yet,
+so it's probably got a few pointless hot spots, and I've been trying
+to err on the side of simplicity and robustness instead of
+micro-optimization. But at the architectural level I tried hard to
+avoid fundamentally bad decisions, e.g., I believe that all the
+parsing algorithms remain linear-time even in the face of pathological
+input like slowloris, and there are no byte-by-byte loops. (I also
+believe that it maintains bounded memory usage in the face of
+arbitrary/pathological input.)
+
+The whole library is ~800 lines-of-code. You can read and understand
+the whole thing in less than an hour. Most of the energy invested in
+this so far has been spent on trying to keep things simple by
+minimizing special-cases and ad hoc state manipulation; even though it
+is now quite small and simple, I'm still annoyed that I haven't
+figured out how to make it even smaller and simpler. (Unfortunately,
+HTTP does not lend itself to simplicity.)
+
+The API is ~feature complete and I don't expect the general outlines
+to change much, but you can't judge an API's ergonomics until you
+actually document and use it, so I'd expect some changes in the
+details.
+
+*How do I try it?*
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+  $ pip install h11
+  $ git clone git@github.com:python-hyper/h11
+  $ cd h11/examples
+  $ python basic-client.py
+
+and go from there.
+
+*License?*
+
+MIT
+
+*Code of conduct?*
+
+Contributors are requested to follow our `code of conduct
+<https://github.com/python-hyper/h11/blob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md>`_ in
+all project spaces.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..693c50a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
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+h11/__init__.py,sha256=3gYpvQiX8_6-dyXaAxQt_sIYREVTz1T-zB5Lf4hjKt0,909
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..385faab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.36.2)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d24def
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11-0.12.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+h11
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae39e01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# A highish-level implementation of the HTTP/1.1 wire protocol (RFC 7230),
+# containing no networking code at all, loosely modelled on hyper-h2's generic
+# implementation of HTTP/2 (and in particular the h2.connection.H2Connection
+# class). There's still a bunch of subtle details you need to get right if you
+# want to make this actually useful, because it doesn't implement all the
+# semantics to check that what you're asking to write to the wire is sensible,
+# but at least it gets you out of dealing with the wire itself.
+
+from ._connection import *
+from ._events import *
+from ._state import *
+from ._util import LocalProtocolError, ProtocolError, RemoteProtocolError
+from ._version import __version__
+
+PRODUCT_ID = "python-h11/" + __version__
+
+
+__all__ = ["ProtocolError", "LocalProtocolError", "RemoteProtocolError"]
+__all__ += _events.__all__
+__all__ += _connection.__all__
+__all__ += _state.__all__
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_abnf.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_abnf.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6d49e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_abnf.py
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+# We use native strings for all the re patterns, to take advantage of string
+# formatting, and then convert to bytestrings when compiling the final re
+# objects.
+
+# https://svn.tools.ietf.org/svn/wg/httpbis/specs/rfc7230.html#whitespace
+#  OWS            = *( SP / HTAB )
+#                 ; optional whitespace
+OWS = r"[ \t]*"
+
+# https://svn.tools.ietf.org/svn/wg/httpbis/specs/rfc7230.html#rule.token.separators
+#   token          = 1*tchar
+#
+#   tchar          = "!" / "#" / "$" / "%" / "&" / "'" / "*"
+#                  / "+" / "-" / "." / "^" / "_" / "`" / "|" / "~"
+#                  / DIGIT / ALPHA
+#                  ; any VCHAR, except delimiters
+token = r"[-!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9a-zA-Z]+"
+
+# https://svn.tools.ietf.org/svn/wg/httpbis/specs/rfc7230.html#header.fields
+#  field-name     = token
+field_name = token
+
+# The standard says:
+#
+#  field-value    = *( field-content / obs-fold )
+#  field-content  = field-vchar [ 1*( SP / HTAB ) field-vchar ]
+#  field-vchar    = VCHAR / obs-text
+#  obs-fold       = CRLF 1*( SP / HTAB )
+#                 ; obsolete line folding
+#                 ; see Section 3.2.4
+#
+# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234#appendix-B.1
+#
+#   VCHAR          =  %x21-7E
+#                  ; visible (printing) characters
+#
+# https://svn.tools.ietf.org/svn/wg/httpbis/specs/rfc7230.html#rule.quoted-string
+#   obs-text       = %x80-FF
+#
+# However, the standard definition of field-content is WRONG! It disallows
+# fields containing a single visible character surrounded by whitespace,
+# e.g. "foo a bar".
+#
+# See: https://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?rfc=7230&eid=4189
+#
+# So our definition of field_content attempts to fix it up...
+#
+# Also, we allow lots of control characters, because apparently people assume
+# that they're legal in practice (e.g., google analytics makes cookies with
+# \x01 in them!):
+#   https://github.com/python-hyper/h11/issues/57
+# We still don't allow NUL or whitespace, because those are often treated as
+# meta-characters and letting them through can lead to nasty issues like SSRF.
+vchar = r"[\x21-\x7e]"
+vchar_or_obs_text = r"[^\x00\s]"
+field_vchar = vchar_or_obs_text
+field_content = r"{field_vchar}+(?:[ \t]+{field_vchar}+)*".format(**globals())
+
+# We handle obs-fold at a different level, and our fixed-up field_content
+# already grows to swallow the whole value, so ? instead of *
+field_value = r"({field_content})?".format(**globals())
+
+#  header-field   = field-name ":" OWS field-value OWS
+header_field = (
+    r"(?P<field_name>{field_name})"
+    r":"
+    r"{OWS}"
+    r"(?P<field_value>{field_value})"
+    r"{OWS}".format(**globals())
+)
+
+# https://svn.tools.ietf.org/svn/wg/httpbis/specs/rfc7230.html#request.line
+#
+#   request-line   = method SP request-target SP HTTP-version CRLF
+#   method         = token
+#   HTTP-version   = HTTP-name "/" DIGIT "." DIGIT
+#   HTTP-name      = %x48.54.54.50 ; "HTTP", case-sensitive
+#
+# request-target is complicated (see RFC 7230 sec 5.3) -- could be path, full
+# URL, host+port (for connect), or even "*", but in any case we are guaranteed
+# that it contists of the visible printing characters.
+method = token
+request_target = r"{vchar}+".format(**globals())
+http_version = r"HTTP/(?P<http_version>[0-9]\.[0-9])"
+request_line = (
+    r"(?P<method>{method})"
+    r" "
+    r"(?P<target>{request_target})"
+    r" "
+    r"{http_version}".format(**globals())
+)
+
+# https://svn.tools.ietf.org/svn/wg/httpbis/specs/rfc7230.html#status.line
+#
+#   status-line = HTTP-version SP status-code SP reason-phrase CRLF
+#   status-code    = 3DIGIT
+#   reason-phrase  = *( HTAB / SP / VCHAR / obs-text )
+status_code = r"[0-9]{3}"
+reason_phrase = r"([ \t]|{vchar_or_obs_text})*".format(**globals())
+status_line = (
+    r"{http_version}"
+    r" "
+    r"(?P<status_code>{status_code})"
+    # However, there are apparently a few too many servers out there that just
+    # leave out the reason phrase:
+    #   https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/issues/345#issuecomment-281756036
+    #   https://github.com/seanmonstar/httparse/issues/29
+    # so make it optional. ?: is a non-capturing group.
+    r"(?: (?P<reason>{reason_phrase}))?".format(**globals())
+)
+
+HEXDIG = r"[0-9A-Fa-f]"
+# Actually
+#
+#      chunk-size     = 1*HEXDIG
+#
+# but we impose an upper-limit to avoid ridiculosity. len(str(2**64)) == 20
+chunk_size = r"({HEXDIG}){{1,20}}".format(**globals())
+# Actually
+#
+#     chunk-ext      = *( ";" chunk-ext-name [ "=" chunk-ext-val ] )
+#
+# but we aren't parsing the things so we don't really care.
+chunk_ext = r";.*"
+chunk_header = (
+    r"(?P<chunk_size>{chunk_size})"
+    r"(?P<chunk_ext>{chunk_ext})?"
+    r"\r\n".format(**globals())
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_connection.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f796ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,585 @@
+# This contains the main Connection class. Everything in h11 revolves around
+# this.
+
+from ._events import *  # Import all event types
+from ._headers import get_comma_header, has_expect_100_continue, set_comma_header
+from ._readers import READERS
+from ._receivebuffer import ReceiveBuffer
+from ._state import *  # Import all state sentinels
+from ._state import _SWITCH_CONNECT, _SWITCH_UPGRADE, ConnectionState
+from ._util import (  # Import the internal things we need
+    LocalProtocolError,
+    make_sentinel,
+    RemoteProtocolError,
+)
+from ._writers import WRITERS
+
+# Everything in __all__ gets re-exported as part of the h11 public API.
+__all__ = ["Connection", "NEED_DATA", "PAUSED"]
+
+NEED_DATA = make_sentinel("NEED_DATA")
+PAUSED = make_sentinel("PAUSED")
+
+# If we ever have this much buffered without it making a complete parseable
+# event, we error out. The only time we really buffer is when reading the
+# request/reponse line + headers together, so this is effectively the limit on
+# the size of that.
+#
+# Some precedents for defaults:
+# - node.js: 80 * 1024
+# - tomcat: 8 * 1024
+# - IIS: 16 * 1024
+# - Apache: <8 KiB per line>
+DEFAULT_MAX_INCOMPLETE_EVENT_SIZE = 16 * 1024
+
+# RFC 7230's rules for connection lifecycles:
+# - If either side says they want to close the connection, then the connection
+#   must close.
+# - HTTP/1.1 defaults to keep-alive unless someone says Connection: close
+# - HTTP/1.0 defaults to close unless both sides say Connection: keep-alive
+#   (and even this is a mess -- e.g. if you're implementing a proxy then
+#   sending Connection: keep-alive is forbidden).
+#
+# We simplify life by simply not supporting keep-alive with HTTP/1.0 peers. So
+# our rule is:
+# - If someone says Connection: close, we will close
+# - If someone uses HTTP/1.0, we will close.
+def _keep_alive(event):
+    connection = get_comma_header(event.headers, b"connection")
+    if b"close" in connection:
+        return False
+    if getattr(event, "http_version", b"1.1") < b"1.1":
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def _body_framing(request_method, event):
+    # Called when we enter SEND_BODY to figure out framing information for
+    # this body.
+    #
+    # These are the only two events that can trigger a SEND_BODY state:
+    assert type(event) in (Request, Response)
+    # Returns one of:
+    #
+    #    ("content-length", count)
+    #    ("chunked", ())
+    #    ("http/1.0", ())
+    #
+    # which are (lookup key, *args) for constructing body reader/writer
+    # objects.
+    #
+    # Reference: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.3.3
+    #
+    # Step 1: some responses always have an empty body, regardless of what the
+    # headers say.
+    if type(event) is Response:
+        if (
+            event.status_code in (204, 304)
+            or request_method == b"HEAD"
+            or (request_method == b"CONNECT" and 200 <= event.status_code < 300)
+        ):
+            return ("content-length", (0,))
+        # Section 3.3.3 also lists another case -- responses with status_code
+        # < 200. For us these are InformationalResponses, not Responses, so
+        # they can't get into this function in the first place.
+        assert event.status_code >= 200
+
+    # Step 2: check for Transfer-Encoding (T-E beats C-L):
+    transfer_encodings = get_comma_header(event.headers, b"transfer-encoding")
+    if transfer_encodings:
+        assert transfer_encodings == [b"chunked"]
+        return ("chunked", ())
+
+    # Step 3: check for Content-Length
+    content_lengths = get_comma_header(event.headers, b"content-length")
+    if content_lengths:
+        return ("content-length", (int(content_lengths[0]),))
+
+    # Step 4: no applicable headers; fallback/default depends on type
+    if type(event) is Request:
+        return ("content-length", (0,))
+    else:
+        return ("http/1.0", ())
+
+
+################################################################
+#
+# The main Connection class
+#
+################################################################
+
+
+class Connection:
+    """An object encapsulating the state of an HTTP connection.
+
+    Args:
+        our_role: If you're implementing a client, pass :data:`h11.CLIENT`. If
+            you're implementing a server, pass :data:`h11.SERVER`.
+
+        max_incomplete_event_size (int):
+            The maximum number of bytes we're willing to buffer of an
+            incomplete event. In practice this mostly sets a limit on the
+            maximum size of the request/response line + headers. If this is
+            exceeded, then :meth:`next_event` will raise
+            :exc:`RemoteProtocolError`.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, our_role, max_incomplete_event_size=DEFAULT_MAX_INCOMPLETE_EVENT_SIZE
+    ):
+        self._max_incomplete_event_size = max_incomplete_event_size
+        # State and role tracking
+        if our_role not in (CLIENT, SERVER):
+            raise ValueError("expected CLIENT or SERVER, not {!r}".format(our_role))
+        self.our_role = our_role
+        if our_role is CLIENT:
+            self.their_role = SERVER
+        else:
+            self.their_role = CLIENT
+        self._cstate = ConnectionState()
+
+        # Callables for converting data->events or vice-versa given the
+        # current state
+        self._writer = self._get_io_object(self.our_role, None, WRITERS)
+        self._reader = self._get_io_object(self.their_role, None, READERS)
+
+        # Holds any unprocessed received data
+        self._receive_buffer = ReceiveBuffer()
+        # If this is true, then it indicates that the incoming connection was
+        # closed *after* the end of whatever's in self._receive_buffer:
+        self._receive_buffer_closed = False
+
+        # Extra bits of state that don't fit into the state machine.
+        #
+        # These two are only used to interpret framing headers for figuring
+        # out how to read/write response bodies. their_http_version is also
+        # made available as a convenient public API.
+        self.their_http_version = None
+        self._request_method = None
+        # This is pure flow-control and doesn't at all affect the set of legal
+        # transitions, so no need to bother ConnectionState with it:
+        self.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue = False
+
+    @property
+    def states(self):
+        """A dictionary like::
+
+           {CLIENT: <client state>, SERVER: <server state>}
+
+        See :ref:`state-machine` for details.
+
+        """
+        return dict(self._cstate.states)
+
+    @property
+    def our_state(self):
+        """The current state of whichever role we are playing. See
+        :ref:`state-machine` for details.
+        """
+        return self._cstate.states[self.our_role]
+
+    @property
+    def their_state(self):
+        """The current state of whichever role we are NOT playing. See
+        :ref:`state-machine` for details.
+        """
+        return self._cstate.states[self.their_role]
+
+    @property
+    def they_are_waiting_for_100_continue(self):
+        return self.their_role is CLIENT and self.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue
+
+    def start_next_cycle(self):
+        """Attempt to reset our connection state for a new request/response
+        cycle.
+
+        If both client and server are in :data:`DONE` state, then resets them
+        both to :data:`IDLE` state in preparation for a new request/response
+        cycle on this same connection. Otherwise, raises a
+        :exc:`LocalProtocolError`.
+
+        See :ref:`keepalive-and-pipelining`.
+
+        """
+        old_states = dict(self._cstate.states)
+        self._cstate.start_next_cycle()
+        self._request_method = None
+        # self.their_http_version gets left alone, since it presumably lasts
+        # beyond a single request/response cycle
+        assert not self.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue
+        self._respond_to_state_changes(old_states)
+
+    def _process_error(self, role):
+        old_states = dict(self._cstate.states)
+        self._cstate.process_error(role)
+        self._respond_to_state_changes(old_states)
+
+    def _server_switch_event(self, event):
+        if type(event) is InformationalResponse and event.status_code == 101:
+            return _SWITCH_UPGRADE
+        if type(event) is Response:
+            if (
+                _SWITCH_CONNECT in self._cstate.pending_switch_proposals
+                and 200 <= event.status_code < 300
+            ):
+                return _SWITCH_CONNECT
+        return None
+
+    # All events go through here
+    def _process_event(self, role, event):
+        # First, pass the event through the state machine to make sure it
+        # succeeds.
+        old_states = dict(self._cstate.states)
+        if role is CLIENT and type(event) is Request:
+            if event.method == b"CONNECT":
+                self._cstate.process_client_switch_proposal(_SWITCH_CONNECT)
+            if get_comma_header(event.headers, b"upgrade"):
+                self._cstate.process_client_switch_proposal(_SWITCH_UPGRADE)
+        server_switch_event = None
+        if role is SERVER:
+            server_switch_event = self._server_switch_event(event)
+        self._cstate.process_event(role, type(event), server_switch_event)
+
+        # Then perform the updates triggered by it.
+
+        # self._request_method
+        if type(event) is Request:
+            self._request_method = event.method
+
+        # self.their_http_version
+        if role is self.their_role and type(event) in (
+            Request,
+            Response,
+            InformationalResponse,
+        ):
+            self.their_http_version = event.http_version
+
+        # Keep alive handling
+        #
+        # RFC 7230 doesn't really say what one should do if Connection: close
+        # shows up on a 1xx InformationalResponse. I think the idea is that
+        # this is not supposed to happen. In any case, if it does happen, we
+        # ignore it.
+        if type(event) in (Request, Response) and not _keep_alive(event):
+            self._cstate.process_keep_alive_disabled()
+
+        # 100-continue
+        if type(event) is Request and has_expect_100_continue(event):
+            self.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue = True
+        if type(event) in (InformationalResponse, Response):
+            self.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue = False
+        if role is CLIENT and type(event) in (Data, EndOfMessage):
+            self.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue = False
+
+        self._respond_to_state_changes(old_states, event)
+
+    def _get_io_object(self, role, event, io_dict):
+        # event may be None; it's only used when entering SEND_BODY
+        state = self._cstate.states[role]
+        if state is SEND_BODY:
+            # Special case: the io_dict has a dict of reader/writer factories
+            # that depend on the request/response framing.
+            framing_type, args = _body_framing(self._request_method, event)
+            return io_dict[SEND_BODY][framing_type](*args)
+        else:
+            # General case: the io_dict just has the appropriate reader/writer
+            # for this state
+            return io_dict.get((role, state))
+
+    # This must be called after any action that might have caused
+    # self._cstate.states to change.
+    def _respond_to_state_changes(self, old_states, event=None):
+        # Update reader/writer
+        if self.our_state != old_states[self.our_role]:
+            self._writer = self._get_io_object(self.our_role, event, WRITERS)
+        if self.their_state != old_states[self.their_role]:
+            self._reader = self._get_io_object(self.their_role, event, READERS)
+
+    @property
+    def trailing_data(self):
+        """Data that has been received, but not yet processed, represented as
+        a tuple with two elements, where the first is a byte-string containing
+        the unprocessed data itself, and the second is a bool that is True if
+        the receive connection was closed.
+
+        See :ref:`switching-protocols` for discussion of why you'd want this.
+        """
+        return (bytes(self._receive_buffer), self._receive_buffer_closed)
+
+    def receive_data(self, data):
+        """Add data to our internal receive buffer.
+
+        This does not actually do any processing on the data, just stores
+        it. To trigger processing, you have to call :meth:`next_event`.
+
+        Args:
+            data (:term:`bytes-like object`):
+                The new data that was just received.
+
+                Special case: If *data* is an empty byte-string like ``b""``,
+                then this indicates that the remote side has closed the
+                connection (end of file). Normally this is convenient, because
+                standard Python APIs like :meth:`file.read` or
+                :meth:`socket.recv` use ``b""`` to indicate end-of-file, while
+                other failures to read are indicated using other mechanisms
+                like raising :exc:`TimeoutError`. When using such an API you
+                can just blindly pass through whatever you get from ``read``
+                to :meth:`receive_data`, and everything will work.
+
+                But, if you have an API where reading an empty string is a
+                valid non-EOF condition, then you need to be aware of this and
+                make sure to check for such strings and avoid passing them to
+                :meth:`receive_data`.
+
+        Returns:
+            Nothing, but after calling this you should call :meth:`next_event`
+            to parse the newly received data.
+
+        Raises:
+            RuntimeError:
+                Raised if you pass an empty *data*, indicating EOF, and then
+                pass a non-empty *data*, indicating more data that somehow
+                arrived after the EOF.
+
+                (Calling ``receive_data(b"")`` multiple times is fine,
+                and equivalent to calling it once.)
+
+        """
+        if data:
+            if self._receive_buffer_closed:
+                raise RuntimeError("received close, then received more data?")
+            self._receive_buffer += data
+        else:
+            self._receive_buffer_closed = True
+
+    def _extract_next_receive_event(self):
+        state = self.their_state
+        # We don't pause immediately when they enter DONE, because even in
+        # DONE state we can still process a ConnectionClosed() event. But
+        # if we have data in our buffer, then we definitely aren't getting
+        # a ConnectionClosed() immediately and we need to pause.
+        if state is DONE and self._receive_buffer:
+            return PAUSED
+        if state is MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL or state is SWITCHED_PROTOCOL:
+            return PAUSED
+        assert self._reader is not None
+        event = self._reader(self._receive_buffer)
+        if event is None:
+            if not self._receive_buffer and self._receive_buffer_closed:
+                # In some unusual cases (basically just HTTP/1.0 bodies), EOF
+                # triggers an actual protocol event; in that case, we want to
+                # return that event, and then the state will change and we'll
+                # get called again to generate the actual ConnectionClosed().
+                if hasattr(self._reader, "read_eof"):
+                    event = self._reader.read_eof()
+                else:
+                    event = ConnectionClosed()
+        if event is None:
+            event = NEED_DATA
+        return event
+
+    def next_event(self):
+        """Parse the next event out of our receive buffer, update our internal
+        state, and return it.
+
+        This is a mutating operation -- think of it like calling :func:`next`
+        on an iterator.
+
+        Returns:
+            : One of three things:
+
+            1) An event object -- see :ref:`events`.
+
+            2) The special constant :data:`NEED_DATA`, which indicates that
+               you need to read more data from your socket and pass it to
+               :meth:`receive_data` before this method will be able to return
+               any more events.
+
+            3) The special constant :data:`PAUSED`, which indicates that we
+               are not in a state where we can process incoming data (usually
+               because the peer has finished their part of the current
+               request/response cycle, and you have not yet called
+               :meth:`start_next_cycle`). See :ref:`flow-control` for details.
+
+        Raises:
+            RemoteProtocolError:
+                The peer has misbehaved. You should close the connection
+                (possibly after sending some kind of 4xx response).
+
+        Once this method returns :class:`ConnectionClosed` once, then all
+        subsequent calls will also return :class:`ConnectionClosed`.
+
+        If this method raises any exception besides :exc:`RemoteProtocolError`
+        then that's a bug -- if it happens please file a bug report!
+
+        If this method raises any exception then it also sets
+        :attr:`Connection.their_state` to :data:`ERROR` -- see
+        :ref:`error-handling` for discussion.
+
+        """
+
+        if self.their_state is ERROR:
+            raise RemoteProtocolError("Can't receive data when peer state is ERROR")
+        try:
+            event = self._extract_next_receive_event()
+            if event not in [NEED_DATA, PAUSED]:
+                self._process_event(self.their_role, event)
+            if event is NEED_DATA:
+                if len(self._receive_buffer) > self._max_incomplete_event_size:
+                    # 431 is "Request header fields too large" which is pretty
+                    # much the only situation where we can get here
+                    raise RemoteProtocolError(
+                        "Receive buffer too long", error_status_hint=431
+                    )
+                if self._receive_buffer_closed:
+                    # We're still trying to complete some event, but that's
+                    # never going to happen because no more data is coming
+                    raise RemoteProtocolError("peer unexpectedly closed connection")
+            return event
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            self._process_error(self.their_role)
+            if isinstance(exc, LocalProtocolError):
+                exc._reraise_as_remote_protocol_error()
+            else:
+                raise
+
+    def send(self, event):
+        """Convert a high-level event into bytes that can be sent to the peer,
+        while updating our internal state machine.
+
+        Args:
+            event: The :ref:`event <events>` to send.
+
+        Returns:
+            If ``type(event) is ConnectionClosed``, then returns
+            ``None``. Otherwise, returns a :term:`bytes-like object`.
+
+        Raises:
+            LocalProtocolError:
+                Sending this event at this time would violate our
+                understanding of the HTTP/1.1 protocol.
+
+        If this method raises any exception then it also sets
+        :attr:`Connection.our_state` to :data:`ERROR` -- see
+        :ref:`error-handling` for discussion.
+
+        """
+        data_list = self.send_with_data_passthrough(event)
+        if data_list is None:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return b"".join(data_list)
+
+    def send_with_data_passthrough(self, event):
+        """Identical to :meth:`send`, except that in situations where
+        :meth:`send` returns a single :term:`bytes-like object`, this instead
+        returns a list of them -- and when sending a :class:`Data` event, this
+        list is guaranteed to contain the exact object you passed in as
+        :attr:`Data.data`. See :ref:`sendfile` for discussion.
+
+        """
+        if self.our_state is ERROR:
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Can't send data when our state is ERROR")
+        try:
+            if type(event) is Response:
+                self._clean_up_response_headers_for_sending(event)
+            # We want to call _process_event before calling the writer,
+            # because if someone tries to do something invalid then this will
+            # give a sensible error message, while our writers all just assume
+            # they will only receive valid events. But, _process_event might
+            # change self._writer. So we have to do a little dance:
+            writer = self._writer
+            self._process_event(self.our_role, event)
+            if type(event) is ConnectionClosed:
+                return None
+            else:
+                # In any situation where writer is None, process_event should
+                # have raised ProtocolError
+                assert writer is not None
+                data_list = []
+                writer(event, data_list.append)
+                return data_list
+        except:
+            self._process_error(self.our_role)
+            raise
+
+    def send_failed(self):
+        """Notify the state machine that we failed to send the data it gave
+        us.
+
+        This causes :attr:`Connection.our_state` to immediately become
+        :data:`ERROR` -- see :ref:`error-handling` for discussion.
+
+        """
+        self._process_error(self.our_role)
+
+    # When sending a Response, we take responsibility for a few things:
+    #
+    # - Sometimes you MUST set Connection: close. We take care of those
+    #   times. (You can also set it yourself if you want, and if you do then
+    #   we'll respect that and close the connection at the right time. But you
+    #   don't have to worry about that unless you want to.)
+    #
+    # - The user has to set Content-Length if they want it. Otherwise, for
+    #   responses that have bodies (e.g. not HEAD), then we will automatically
+    #   select the right mechanism for streaming a body of unknown length,
+    #   which depends on depending on the peer's HTTP version.
+    #
+    # This function's *only* responsibility is making sure headers are set up
+    # right -- everything downstream just looks at the headers. There are no
+    # side channels. It mutates the response event in-place (but not the
+    # response.headers list object).
+    def _clean_up_response_headers_for_sending(self, response):
+        assert type(response) is Response
+
+        headers = response.headers
+        need_close = False
+
+        # HEAD requests need some special handling: they always act like they
+        # have Content-Length: 0, and that's how _body_framing treats
+        # them. But their headers are supposed to match what we would send if
+        # the request was a GET. (Technically there is one deviation allowed:
+        # we're allowed to leave out the framing headers -- see
+        # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.2 . But it's just as
+        # easy to get them right.)
+        method_for_choosing_headers = self._request_method
+        if method_for_choosing_headers == b"HEAD":
+            method_for_choosing_headers = b"GET"
+        framing_type, _ = _body_framing(method_for_choosing_headers, response)
+        if framing_type in ("chunked", "http/1.0"):
+            # This response has a body of unknown length.
+            # If our peer is HTTP/1.1, we use Transfer-Encoding: chunked
+            # If our peer is HTTP/1.0, we use no framing headers, and close the
+            # connection afterwards.
+            #
+            # Make sure to clear Content-Length (in principle user could have
+            # set both and then we ignored Content-Length b/c
+            # Transfer-Encoding overwrote it -- this would be naughty of them,
+            # but the HTTP spec says that if our peer does this then we have
+            # to fix it instead of erroring out, so we'll accord the user the
+            # same respect).
+            headers = set_comma_header(headers, b"content-length", [])
+            if self.their_http_version is None or self.their_http_version < b"1.1":
+                # Either we never got a valid request and are sending back an
+                # error (their_http_version is None), so we assume the worst;
+                # or else we did get a valid HTTP/1.0 request, so we know that
+                # they don't understand chunked encoding.
+                headers = set_comma_header(headers, b"transfer-encoding", [])
+                # This is actually redundant ATM, since currently we
+                # unconditionally disable keep-alive when talking to HTTP/1.0
+                # peers. But let's be defensive just in case we add
+                # Connection: keep-alive support later:
+                if self._request_method != b"HEAD":
+                    need_close = True
+            else:
+                headers = set_comma_header(headers, b"transfer-encoding", ["chunked"])
+
+        if not self._cstate.keep_alive or need_close:
+            # Make sure Connection: close is set
+            connection = set(get_comma_header(headers, b"connection"))
+            connection.discard(b"keep-alive")
+            connection.add(b"close")
+            headers = set_comma_header(headers, b"connection", sorted(connection))
+
+        response.headers = headers
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_events.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_events.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1827930
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_events.py
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+# High level events that make up HTTP/1.1 conversations. Loosely inspired by
+# the corresponding events in hyper-h2:
+#
+#     http://python-hyper.org/h2/en/stable/api.html#events
+#
+# Don't subclass these. Stuff will break.
+
+import re
+
+from . import _headers
+from ._abnf import request_target
+from ._util import bytesify, LocalProtocolError, validate
+
+# Everything in __all__ gets re-exported as part of the h11 public API.
+__all__ = [
+    "Request",
+    "InformationalResponse",
+    "Response",
+    "Data",
+    "EndOfMessage",
+    "ConnectionClosed",
+]
+
+request_target_re = re.compile(request_target.encode("ascii"))
+
+
+class _EventBundle:
+    _fields = []
+    _defaults = {}
+
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        _parsed = kwargs.pop("_parsed", False)
+        allowed = set(self._fields)
+        for kwarg in kwargs:
+            if kwarg not in allowed:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "unrecognized kwarg {} for {}".format(
+                        kwarg, self.__class__.__name__
+                    )
+                )
+        required = allowed.difference(self._defaults)
+        for field in required:
+            if field not in kwargs:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "missing required kwarg {} for {}".format(
+                        field, self.__class__.__name__
+                    )
+                )
+        self.__dict__.update(self._defaults)
+        self.__dict__.update(kwargs)
+
+        # Special handling for some fields
+
+        if "headers" in self.__dict__:
+            self.headers = _headers.normalize_and_validate(
+                self.headers, _parsed=_parsed
+            )
+
+        if not _parsed:
+            for field in ["method", "target", "http_version", "reason"]:
+                if field in self.__dict__:
+                    self.__dict__[field] = bytesify(self.__dict__[field])
+
+            if "status_code" in self.__dict__:
+                if not isinstance(self.status_code, int):
+                    raise LocalProtocolError("status code must be integer")
+                # Because IntEnum objects are instances of int, but aren't
+                # duck-compatible (sigh), see gh-72.
+                self.status_code = int(self.status_code)
+
+        self._validate()
+
+    def _validate(self):
+        pass
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        name = self.__class__.__name__
+        kwarg_strs = [
+            "{}={}".format(field, self.__dict__[field]) for field in self._fields
+        ]
+        kwarg_str = ", ".join(kwarg_strs)
+        return "{}({})".format(name, kwarg_str)
+
+    # Useful for tests
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.__class__ == other.__class__ and self.__dict__ == other.__dict__
+
+    # This is an unhashable type.
+    __hash__ = None
+
+
+class Request(_EventBundle):
+    """The beginning of an HTTP request.
+
+    Fields:
+
+    .. attribute:: method
+
+       An HTTP method, e.g. ``b"GET"`` or ``b"POST"``. Always a byte
+       string. :term:`Bytes-like objects <bytes-like object>` and native
+       strings containing only ascii characters will be automatically
+       converted to byte strings.
+
+    .. attribute:: target
+
+       The target of an HTTP request, e.g. ``b"/index.html"``, or one of the
+       more exotic formats described in `RFC 7320, section 5.3
+       <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-5.3>`_. Always a byte
+       string. :term:`Bytes-like objects <bytes-like object>` and native
+       strings containing only ascii characters will be automatically
+       converted to byte strings.
+
+    .. attribute:: headers
+
+       Request headers, represented as a list of (name, value) pairs. See
+       :ref:`the header normalization rules <headers-format>` for details.
+
+    .. attribute:: http_version
+
+       The HTTP protocol version, represented as a byte string like
+       ``b"1.1"``. See :ref:`the HTTP version normalization rules
+       <http_version-format>` for details.
+
+    """
+
+    _fields = ["method", "target", "headers", "http_version"]
+    _defaults = {"http_version": b"1.1"}
+
+    def _validate(self):
+        # "A server MUST respond with a 400 (Bad Request) status code to any
+        # HTTP/1.1 request message that lacks a Host header field and to any
+        # request message that contains more than one Host header field or a
+        # Host header field with an invalid field-value."
+        # -- https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-5.4
+        host_count = 0
+        for name, value in self.headers:
+            if name == b"host":
+                host_count += 1
+        if self.http_version == b"1.1" and host_count == 0:
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Missing mandatory Host: header")
+        if host_count > 1:
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Found multiple Host: headers")
+
+        validate(request_target_re, self.target, "Illegal target characters")
+
+
+class _ResponseBase(_EventBundle):
+    _fields = ["status_code", "headers", "http_version", "reason"]
+    _defaults = {"http_version": b"1.1", "reason": b""}
+
+
+class InformationalResponse(_ResponseBase):
+    """An HTTP informational response.
+
+    Fields:
+
+    .. attribute:: status_code
+
+       The status code of this response, as an integer. For an
+       :class:`InformationalResponse`, this is always in the range [100,
+       200).
+
+    .. attribute:: headers
+
+       Request headers, represented as a list of (name, value) pairs. See
+       :ref:`the header normalization rules <headers-format>` for
+       details.
+
+    .. attribute:: http_version
+
+       The HTTP protocol version, represented as a byte string like
+       ``b"1.1"``. See :ref:`the HTTP version normalization rules
+       <http_version-format>` for details.
+
+    .. attribute:: reason
+
+       The reason phrase of this response, as a byte string. For example:
+       ``b"OK"``, or ``b"Not Found"``.
+
+    """
+
+    def _validate(self):
+        if not (100 <= self.status_code < 200):
+            raise LocalProtocolError(
+                "InformationalResponse status_code should be in range "
+                "[100, 200), not {}".format(self.status_code)
+            )
+
+
+class Response(_ResponseBase):
+    """The beginning of an HTTP response.
+
+    Fields:
+
+    .. attribute:: status_code
+
+       The status code of this response, as an integer. For an
+       :class:`Response`, this is always in the range [200,
+       600).
+
+    .. attribute:: headers
+
+       Request headers, represented as a list of (name, value) pairs. See
+       :ref:`the header normalization rules <headers-format>` for details.
+
+    .. attribute:: http_version
+
+       The HTTP protocol version, represented as a byte string like
+       ``b"1.1"``. See :ref:`the HTTP version normalization rules
+       <http_version-format>` for details.
+
+    .. attribute:: reason
+
+       The reason phrase of this response, as a byte string. For example:
+       ``b"OK"``, or ``b"Not Found"``.
+
+    """
+
+    def _validate(self):
+        if not (200 <= self.status_code < 600):
+            raise LocalProtocolError(
+                "Response status_code should be in range [200, 600), not {}".format(
+                    self.status_code
+                )
+            )
+
+
+class Data(_EventBundle):
+    """Part of an HTTP message body.
+
+    Fields:
+
+    .. attribute:: data
+
+       A :term:`bytes-like object` containing part of a message body. Or, if
+       using the ``combine=False`` argument to :meth:`Connection.send`, then
+       any object that your socket writing code knows what to do with, and for
+       which calling :func:`len` returns the number of bytes that will be
+       written -- see :ref:`sendfile` for details.
+
+    .. attribute:: chunk_start
+
+       A marker that indicates whether this data object is from the start of a
+       chunked transfer encoding chunk. This field is ignored when when a Data
+       event is provided to :meth:`Connection.send`: it is only valid on
+       events emitted from :meth:`Connection.next_event`. You probably
+       shouldn't use this attribute at all; see
+       :ref:`chunk-delimiters-are-bad` for details.
+
+    .. attribute:: chunk_end
+
+       A marker that indicates whether this data object is the last for a
+       given chunked transfer encoding chunk. This field is ignored when when
+       a Data event is provided to :meth:`Connection.send`: it is only valid
+       on events emitted from :meth:`Connection.next_event`. You probably
+       shouldn't use this attribute at all; see
+       :ref:`chunk-delimiters-are-bad` for details.
+
+    """
+
+    _fields = ["data", "chunk_start", "chunk_end"]
+    _defaults = {"chunk_start": False, "chunk_end": False}
+
+
+# XX FIXME: "A recipient MUST ignore (or consider as an error) any fields that
+# are forbidden to be sent in a trailer, since processing them as if they were
+# present in the header section might bypass external security filters."
+# https://svn.tools.ietf.org/svn/wg/httpbis/specs/rfc7230.html#chunked.trailer.part
+# Unfortunately, the list of forbidden fields is long and vague :-/
+class EndOfMessage(_EventBundle):
+    """The end of an HTTP message.
+
+    Fields:
+
+    .. attribute:: headers
+
+       Default value: ``[]``
+
+       Any trailing headers attached to this message, represented as a list of
+       (name, value) pairs. See :ref:`the header normalization rules
+       <headers-format>` for details.
+
+       Must be empty unless ``Transfer-Encoding: chunked`` is in use.
+
+    """
+
+    _fields = ["headers"]
+    _defaults = {"headers": []}
+
+
+class ConnectionClosed(_EventBundle):
+    """This event indicates that the sender has closed their outgoing
+    connection.
+
+    Note that this does not necessarily mean that they can't *receive* further
+    data, because TCP connections are composed to two one-way channels which
+    can be closed independently. See :ref:`closing` for details.
+
+    No fields.
+    """
+
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_headers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_headers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ed39bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_headers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+import re
+
+from ._abnf import field_name, field_value
+from ._util import bytesify, LocalProtocolError, validate
+
+# Facts
+# -----
+#
+# Headers are:
+#   keys: case-insensitive ascii
+#   values: mixture of ascii and raw bytes
+#
+# "Historically, HTTP has allowed field content with text in the ISO-8859-1
+# charset [ISO-8859-1], supporting other charsets only through use of
+# [RFC2047] encoding.  In practice, most HTTP header field values use only a
+# subset of the US-ASCII charset [USASCII]. Newly defined header fields SHOULD
+# limit their field values to US-ASCII octets.  A recipient SHOULD treat other
+# octets in field content (obs-text) as opaque data."
+# And it deprecates all non-ascii values
+#
+# Leading/trailing whitespace in header names is forbidden
+#
+# Values get leading/trailing whitespace stripped
+#
+# Content-Disposition actually needs to contain unicode semantically; to
+# accomplish this it has a terrifically weird way of encoding the filename
+# itself as ascii (and even this still has lots of cross-browser
+# incompatibilities)
+#
+# Order is important:
+# "a proxy MUST NOT change the order of these field values when forwarding a
+# message"
+# (and there are several headers where the order indicates a preference)
+#
+# Multiple occurences of the same header:
+# "A sender MUST NOT generate multiple header fields with the same field name
+# in a message unless either the entire field value for that header field is
+# defined as a comma-separated list [or the header is Set-Cookie which gets a
+# special exception]" - RFC 7230. (cookies are in RFC 6265)
+#
+# So every header aside from Set-Cookie can be merged by b", ".join if it
+# occurs repeatedly. But, of course, they can't necessarily be split by
+# .split(b","), because quoting.
+#
+# Given all this mess (case insensitive, duplicates allowed, order is
+# important, ...), there doesn't appear to be any standard way to handle
+# headers in Python -- they're almost like dicts, but... actually just
+# aren't. For now we punt and just use a super simple representation: headers
+# are a list of pairs
+#
+#   [(name1, value1), (name2, value2), ...]
+#
+# where all entries are bytestrings, names are lowercase and have no
+# leading/trailing whitespace, and values are bytestrings with no
+# leading/trailing whitespace. Searching and updating are done via naive O(n)
+# methods.
+#
+# Maybe a dict-of-lists would be better?
+
+_content_length_re = re.compile(br"[0-9]+")
+_field_name_re = re.compile(field_name.encode("ascii"))
+_field_value_re = re.compile(field_value.encode("ascii"))
+
+
+class Headers:
+    """
+    A list-like interface that allows iterating over headers as byte-pairs
+    of (lowercased-name, value).
+
+    Internally we actually store the representation as three-tuples,
+    including both the raw original casing, in order to preserve casing
+    over-the-wire, and the lowercased name, for case-insensitive comparisions.
+
+    r = Request(
+        method="GET",
+        target="/",
+        headers=[("Host", "example.org"), ("Connection", "keep-alive")],
+        http_version="1.1",
+    )
+    assert r.headers == [
+        (b"host", b"example.org"),
+        (b"connection", b"keep-alive")
+    ]
+    assert r.headers.raw_items() == [
+        (b"Host", b"example.org"),
+        (b"Connection", b"keep-alive")
+    ]
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = "_full_items"
+
+    def __init__(self, full_items):
+        self._full_items = full_items
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for _, name, value in self._full_items:
+            yield name, value
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self._full_items)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return list(self) == list(other)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._full_items)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<Headers(%s)>" % repr(list(self))
+
+    def __getitem__(self, idx):
+        _, name, value = self._full_items[idx]
+        return (name, value)
+
+    def raw_items(self):
+        return [(raw_name, value) for raw_name, _, value in self._full_items]
+
+
+def normalize_and_validate(headers, _parsed=False):
+    new_headers = []
+    seen_content_length = None
+    saw_transfer_encoding = False
+    for name, value in headers:
+        # For headers coming out of the parser, we can safely skip some steps,
+        # because it always returns bytes and has already run these regexes
+        # over the data:
+        if not _parsed:
+            name = bytesify(name)
+            value = bytesify(value)
+            validate(_field_name_re, name, "Illegal header name {!r}", name)
+            validate(_field_value_re, value, "Illegal header value {!r}", value)
+        raw_name = name
+        name = name.lower()
+        if name == b"content-length":
+            lengths = {length.strip() for length in value.split(b",")}
+            if len(lengths) != 1:
+                raise LocalProtocolError("conflicting Content-Length headers")
+            value = lengths.pop()
+            validate(_content_length_re, value, "bad Content-Length")
+            if seen_content_length is None:
+                seen_content_length = value
+                new_headers.append((raw_name, name, value))
+            elif seen_content_length != value:
+                raise LocalProtocolError("conflicting Content-Length headers")
+        elif name == b"transfer-encoding":
+            # "A server that receives a request message with a transfer coding
+            # it does not understand SHOULD respond with 501 (Not
+            # Implemented)."
+            # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.3.1
+            if saw_transfer_encoding:
+                raise LocalProtocolError(
+                    "multiple Transfer-Encoding headers", error_status_hint=501
+                )
+            # "All transfer-coding names are case-insensitive"
+            # -- https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-4
+            value = value.lower()
+            if value != b"chunked":
+                raise LocalProtocolError(
+                    "Only Transfer-Encoding: chunked is supported",
+                    error_status_hint=501,
+                )
+            saw_transfer_encoding = True
+            new_headers.append((raw_name, name, value))
+        else:
+            new_headers.append((raw_name, name, value))
+    return Headers(new_headers)
+
+
+def get_comma_header(headers, name):
+    # Should only be used for headers whose value is a list of
+    # comma-separated, case-insensitive values.
+    #
+    # The header name `name` is expected to be lower-case bytes.
+    #
+    # Connection: meets these criteria (including cast insensitivity).
+    #
+    # Content-Length: technically is just a single value (1*DIGIT), but the
+    # standard makes reference to implementations that do multiple values, and
+    # using this doesn't hurt. Ditto, case insensitivity doesn't things either
+    # way.
+    #
+    # Transfer-Encoding: is more complex (allows for quoted strings), so
+    # splitting on , is actually wrong. For example, this is legal:
+    #
+    #    Transfer-Encoding: foo; options="1,2", chunked
+    #
+    # and should be parsed as
+    #
+    #    foo; options="1,2"
+    #    chunked
+    #
+    # but this naive function will parse it as
+    #
+    #    foo; options="1
+    #    2"
+    #    chunked
+    #
+    # However, this is okay because the only thing we are going to do with
+    # any Transfer-Encoding is reject ones that aren't just "chunked", so
+    # both of these will be treated the same anyway.
+    #
+    # Expect: the only legal value is the literal string
+    # "100-continue". Splitting on commas is harmless. Case insensitive.
+    #
+    out = []
+    for _, found_name, found_raw_value in headers._full_items:
+        if found_name == name:
+            found_raw_value = found_raw_value.lower()
+            for found_split_value in found_raw_value.split(b","):
+                found_split_value = found_split_value.strip()
+                if found_split_value:
+                    out.append(found_split_value)
+    return out
+
+
+def set_comma_header(headers, name, new_values):
+    # The header name `name` is expected to be lower-case bytes.
+    #
+    # Note that when we store the header we use title casing for the header
+    # names, in order to match the conventional HTTP header style.
+    #
+    # Simply calling `.title()` is a blunt approach, but it's correct
+    # here given the cases where we're using `set_comma_header`...
+    #
+    # Connection, Content-Length, Transfer-Encoding.
+    new_headers = []
+    for found_raw_name, found_name, found_raw_value in headers._full_items:
+        if found_name != name:
+            new_headers.append((found_raw_name, found_raw_value))
+    for new_value in new_values:
+        new_headers.append((name.title(), new_value))
+    return normalize_and_validate(new_headers)
+
+
+def has_expect_100_continue(request):
+    # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-5.1.1
+    # "A server that receives a 100-continue expectation in an HTTP/1.0 request
+    # MUST ignore that expectation."
+    if request.http_version < b"1.1":
+        return False
+    expect = get_comma_header(request.headers, b"expect")
+    return b"100-continue" in expect
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_readers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_readers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ead0be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_readers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+# Code to read HTTP data
+#
+# Strategy: each reader is a callable which takes a ReceiveBuffer object, and
+# either:
+# 1) consumes some of it and returns an Event
+# 2) raises a LocalProtocolError (for consistency -- e.g. we call validate()
+#    and it might raise a LocalProtocolError, so simpler just to always use
+#    this)
+# 3) returns None, meaning "I need more data"
+#
+# If they have a .read_eof attribute, then this will be called if an EOF is
+# received -- but this is optional. Either way, the actual ConnectionClosed
+# event will be generated afterwards.
+#
+# READERS is a dict describing how to pick a reader. It maps states to either:
+# - a reader
+# - or, for body readers, a dict of per-framing reader factories
+
+import re
+
+from ._abnf import chunk_header, header_field, request_line, status_line
+from ._events import *
+from ._state import *
+from ._util import LocalProtocolError, RemoteProtocolError, validate
+
+__all__ = ["READERS"]
+
+header_field_re = re.compile(header_field.encode("ascii"))
+
+# Remember that this has to run in O(n) time -- so e.g. the bytearray cast is
+# critical.
+obs_fold_re = re.compile(br"[ \t]+")
+
+
+def _obsolete_line_fold(lines):
+    it = iter(lines)
+    last = None
+    for line in it:
+        match = obs_fold_re.match(line)
+        if match:
+            if last is None:
+                raise LocalProtocolError("continuation line at start of headers")
+            if not isinstance(last, bytearray):
+                last = bytearray(last)
+            last += b" "
+            last += line[match.end() :]
+        else:
+            if last is not None:
+                yield last
+            last = line
+    if last is not None:
+        yield last
+
+
+def _decode_header_lines(lines):
+    for line in _obsolete_line_fold(lines):
+        matches = validate(header_field_re, line, "illegal header line: {!r}", line)
+        yield (matches["field_name"], matches["field_value"])
+
+
+request_line_re = re.compile(request_line.encode("ascii"))
+
+
+def maybe_read_from_IDLE_client(buf):
+    lines = buf.maybe_extract_lines()
+    if lines is None:
+        if buf.is_next_line_obviously_invalid_request_line():
+            raise LocalProtocolError("illegal request line")
+        return None
+    if not lines:
+        raise LocalProtocolError("no request line received")
+    matches = validate(
+        request_line_re, lines[0], "illegal request line: {!r}", lines[0]
+    )
+    return Request(
+        headers=list(_decode_header_lines(lines[1:])), _parsed=True, **matches
+    )
+
+
+status_line_re = re.compile(status_line.encode("ascii"))
+
+
+def maybe_read_from_SEND_RESPONSE_server(buf):
+    lines = buf.maybe_extract_lines()
+    if lines is None:
+        if buf.is_next_line_obviously_invalid_request_line():
+            raise LocalProtocolError("illegal request line")
+        return None
+    if not lines:
+        raise LocalProtocolError("no response line received")
+    matches = validate(status_line_re, lines[0], "illegal status line: {!r}", lines[0])
+    # Tolerate missing reason phrases
+    if matches["reason"] is None:
+        matches["reason"] = b""
+    status_code = matches["status_code"] = int(matches["status_code"])
+    class_ = InformationalResponse if status_code < 200 else Response
+    return class_(
+        headers=list(_decode_header_lines(lines[1:])), _parsed=True, **matches
+    )
+
+
+class ContentLengthReader:
+    def __init__(self, length):
+        self._length = length
+        self._remaining = length
+
+    def __call__(self, buf):
+        if self._remaining == 0:
+            return EndOfMessage()
+        data = buf.maybe_extract_at_most(self._remaining)
+        if data is None:
+            return None
+        self._remaining -= len(data)
+        return Data(data=data)
+
+    def read_eof(self):
+        raise RemoteProtocolError(
+            "peer closed connection without sending complete message body "
+            "(received {} bytes, expected {})".format(
+                self._length - self._remaining, self._length
+            )
+        )
+
+
+chunk_header_re = re.compile(chunk_header.encode("ascii"))
+
+
+class ChunkedReader:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._bytes_in_chunk = 0
+        # After reading a chunk, we have to throw away the trailing \r\n; if
+        # this is >0 then we discard that many bytes before resuming regular
+        # de-chunkification.
+        self._bytes_to_discard = 0
+        self._reading_trailer = False
+
+    def __call__(self, buf):
+        if self._reading_trailer:
+            lines = buf.maybe_extract_lines()
+            if lines is None:
+                return None
+            return EndOfMessage(headers=list(_decode_header_lines(lines)))
+        if self._bytes_to_discard > 0:
+            data = buf.maybe_extract_at_most(self._bytes_to_discard)
+            if data is None:
+                return None
+            self._bytes_to_discard -= len(data)
+            if self._bytes_to_discard > 0:
+                return None
+            # else, fall through and read some more
+        assert self._bytes_to_discard == 0
+        if self._bytes_in_chunk == 0:
+            # We need to refill our chunk count
+            chunk_header = buf.maybe_extract_next_line()
+            if chunk_header is None:
+                return None
+            matches = validate(
+                chunk_header_re,
+                chunk_header,
+                "illegal chunk header: {!r}",
+                chunk_header,
+            )
+            # XX FIXME: we discard chunk extensions. Does anyone care?
+            self._bytes_in_chunk = int(matches["chunk_size"], base=16)
+            if self._bytes_in_chunk == 0:
+                self._reading_trailer = True
+                return self(buf)
+            chunk_start = True
+        else:
+            chunk_start = False
+        assert self._bytes_in_chunk > 0
+        data = buf.maybe_extract_at_most(self._bytes_in_chunk)
+        if data is None:
+            return None
+        self._bytes_in_chunk -= len(data)
+        if self._bytes_in_chunk == 0:
+            self._bytes_to_discard = 2
+            chunk_end = True
+        else:
+            chunk_end = False
+        return Data(data=data, chunk_start=chunk_start, chunk_end=chunk_end)
+
+    def read_eof(self):
+        raise RemoteProtocolError(
+            "peer closed connection without sending complete message body "
+            "(incomplete chunked read)"
+        )
+
+
+class Http10Reader:
+    def __call__(self, buf):
+        data = buf.maybe_extract_at_most(999999999)
+        if data is None:
+            return None
+        return Data(data=data)
+
+    def read_eof(self):
+        return EndOfMessage()
+
+
+def expect_nothing(buf):
+    if buf:
+        raise LocalProtocolError("Got data when expecting EOF")
+    return None
+
+
+READERS = {
+    (CLIENT, IDLE): maybe_read_from_IDLE_client,
+    (SERVER, IDLE): maybe_read_from_SEND_RESPONSE_server,
+    (SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE): maybe_read_from_SEND_RESPONSE_server,
+    (CLIENT, DONE): expect_nothing,
+    (CLIENT, MUST_CLOSE): expect_nothing,
+    (CLIENT, CLOSED): expect_nothing,
+    (SERVER, DONE): expect_nothing,
+    (SERVER, MUST_CLOSE): expect_nothing,
+    (SERVER, CLOSED): expect_nothing,
+    SEND_BODY: {
+        "chunked": ChunkedReader,
+        "content-length": ContentLengthReader,
+        "http/1.0": Http10Reader,
+    },
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_receivebuffer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_receivebuffer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3737f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_receivebuffer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+import re
+import sys
+
+__all__ = ["ReceiveBuffer"]
+
+
+# Operations we want to support:
+# - find next \r\n or \r\n\r\n (\n or \n\n are also acceptable),
+#   or wait until there is one
+# - read at-most-N bytes
+# Goals:
+# - on average, do this fast
+# - worst case, do this in O(n) where n is the number of bytes processed
+# Plan:
+# - store bytearray, offset, how far we've searched for a separator token
+# - use the how-far-we've-searched data to avoid rescanning
+# - while doing a stream of uninterrupted processing, advance offset instead
+#   of constantly copying
+# WARNING:
+# - I haven't benchmarked or profiled any of this yet.
+#
+# Note that starting in Python 3.4, deleting the initial n bytes from a
+# bytearray is amortized O(n), thanks to some excellent work by Antoine
+# Martin:
+#
+#     https://bugs.python.org/issue19087
+#
+# This means that if we only supported 3.4+, we could get rid of the code here
+# involving self._start and self.compress, because it's doing exactly the same
+# thing that bytearray now does internally.
+#
+# BUT unfortunately, we still support 2.7, and reading short segments out of a
+# long buffer MUST be O(bytes read) to avoid DoS issues, so we can't actually
+# delete this code. Yet:
+#
+#     https://pythonclock.org/
+#
+# (Two things to double-check first though: make sure PyPy also has the
+# optimization, and benchmark to make sure it's a win, since we do have a
+# slightly clever thing where we delay calling compress() until we've
+# processed a whole event, which could in theory be slightly more efficient
+# than the internal bytearray support.)
+blank_line_regex = re.compile(b"\n\r?\n", re.MULTILINE)
+
+
+class ReceiveBuffer:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._data = bytearray()
+        self._next_line_search = 0
+        self._multiple_lines_search = 0
+
+    def __iadd__(self, byteslike):
+        self._data += byteslike
+        return self
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(len(self))
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._data)
+
+    # for @property unprocessed_data
+    def __bytes__(self):
+        return bytes(self._data)
+
+    def _extract(self, count):
+        # extracting an initial slice of the data buffer and return it
+        out = self._data[:count]
+        del self._data[:count]
+
+        self._next_line_search = 0
+        self._multiple_lines_search = 0
+
+        return out
+
+    def maybe_extract_at_most(self, count):
+        """
+        Extract a fixed number of bytes from the buffer.
+        """
+        out = self._data[:count]
+        if not out:
+            return None
+
+        return self._extract(count)
+
+    def maybe_extract_next_line(self):
+        """
+        Extract the first line, if it is completed in the buffer.
+        """
+        # Only search in buffer space that we've not already looked at.
+        search_start_index = max(0, self._next_line_search - 1)
+        partial_idx = self._data.find(b"\r\n", search_start_index)
+
+        if partial_idx == -1:
+            self._next_line_search = len(self._data)
+            return None
+
+        # + 2 is to compensate len(b"\r\n")
+        idx = partial_idx + 2
+
+        return self._extract(idx)
+
+    def maybe_extract_lines(self):
+        """
+        Extract everything up to the first blank line, and return a list of lines.
+        """
+        # Handle the case where we have an immediate empty line.
+        if self._data[:1] == b"\n":
+            self._extract(1)
+            return []
+
+        if self._data[:2] == b"\r\n":
+            self._extract(2)
+            return []
+
+        # Only search in buffer space that we've not already looked at.
+        match = blank_line_regex.search(self._data, self._multiple_lines_search)
+        if match is None:
+            self._multiple_lines_search = max(0, len(self._data) - 2)
+            return None
+
+        # Truncate the buffer and return it.
+        idx = match.span(0)[-1]
+        out = self._extract(idx)
+        lines = out.split(b"\n")
+
+        for line in lines:
+            if line.endswith(b"\r"):
+                del line[-1]
+
+        assert lines[-2] == lines[-1] == b""
+
+        del lines[-2:]
+
+        return lines
+
+    # In theory we should wait until `\r\n` before starting to validate
+    # incoming data. However it's interesting to detect (very) invalid data
+    # early given they might not even contain `\r\n` at all (hence only
+    # timeout will get rid of them).
+    # This is not a 100% effective detection but more of a cheap sanity check
+    # allowing for early abort in some useful cases.
+    # This is especially interesting when peer is messing up with HTTPS and
+    # sent us a TLS stream where we were expecting plain HTTP given all
+    # versions of TLS so far start handshake with a 0x16 message type code.
+    def is_next_line_obviously_invalid_request_line(self):
+        try:
+            # HTTP header line must not contain non-printable characters
+            # and should not start with a space
+            return self._data[0] < 0x21
+        except IndexError:
+            return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_state.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_state.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f08a09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_state.py
@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+################################################################
+# The core state machine
+################################################################
+#
+# Rule 1: everything that affects the state machine and state transitions must
+# live here in this file. As much as possible goes into the table-based
+# representation, but for the bits that don't quite fit, the actual code and
+# state must nonetheless live here.
+#
+# Rule 2: this file does not know about what role we're playing; it only knows
+# about HTTP request/response cycles in the abstract. This ensures that we
+# don't cheat and apply different rules to local and remote parties.
+#
+#
+# Theory of operation
+# ===================
+#
+# Possibly the simplest way to think about this is that we actually have 5
+# different state machines here. Yes, 5. These are:
+#
+# 1) The client state, with its complicated automaton (see the docs)
+# 2) The server state, with its complicated automaton (see the docs)
+# 3) The keep-alive state, with possible states {True, False}
+# 4) The SWITCH_CONNECT state, with possible states {False, True}
+# 5) The SWITCH_UPGRADE state, with possible states {False, True}
+#
+# For (3)-(5), the first state listed is the initial state.
+#
+# (1)-(3) are stored explicitly in member variables. The last
+# two are stored implicitly in the pending_switch_proposals set as:
+#   (state of 4) == (_SWITCH_CONNECT in pending_switch_proposals)
+#   (state of 5) == (_SWITCH_UPGRADE in pending_switch_proposals)
+#
+# And each of these machines has two different kinds of transitions:
+#
+# a) Event-triggered
+# b) State-triggered
+#
+# Event triggered is the obvious thing that you'd think it is: some event
+# happens, and if it's the right event at the right time then a transition
+# happens. But there are somewhat complicated rules for which machines can
+# "see" which events. (As a rule of thumb, if a machine "sees" an event, this
+# means two things: the event can affect the machine, and if the machine is
+# not in a state where it expects that event then it's an error.) These rules
+# are:
+#
+# 1) The client machine sees all h11.events objects emitted by the client.
+#
+# 2) The server machine sees all h11.events objects emitted by the server.
+#
+#    It also sees the client's Request event.
+#
+#    And sometimes, server events are annotated with a _SWITCH_* event. For
+#    example, we can have a (Response, _SWITCH_CONNECT) event, which is
+#    different from a regular Response event.
+#
+# 3) The keep-alive machine sees the process_keep_alive_disabled() event
+#    (which is derived from Request/Response events), and this event
+#    transitions it from True -> False, or from False -> False. There's no way
+#    to transition back.
+#
+# 4&5) The _SWITCH_* machines transition from False->True when we get a
+#    Request that proposes the relevant type of switch (via
+#    process_client_switch_proposals), and they go from True->False when we
+#    get a Response that has no _SWITCH_* annotation.
+#
+# So that's event-triggered transitions.
+#
+# State-triggered transitions are less standard. What they do here is couple
+# the machines together. The way this works is, when certain *joint*
+# configurations of states are achieved, then we automatically transition to a
+# new *joint* state. So, for example, if we're ever in a joint state with
+#
+#   client: DONE
+#   keep-alive: False
+#
+# then the client state immediately transitions to:
+#
+#   client: MUST_CLOSE
+#
+# This is fundamentally different from an event-based transition, because it
+# doesn't matter how we arrived at the {client: DONE, keep-alive: False} state
+# -- maybe the client transitioned SEND_BODY -> DONE, or keep-alive
+# transitioned True -> False. Either way, once this precondition is satisfied,
+# this transition is immediately triggered.
+#
+# What if two conflicting state-based transitions get enabled at the same
+# time?  In practice there's only one case where this arises (client DONE ->
+# MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL versus DONE -> MUST_CLOSE), and we resolve it by
+# explicitly prioritizing the DONE -> MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL transition.
+#
+# Implementation
+# --------------
+#
+# The event-triggered transitions for the server and client machines are all
+# stored explicitly in a table. Ditto for the state-triggered transitions that
+# involve just the server and client state.
+#
+# The transitions for the other machines, and the state-triggered transitions
+# that involve the other machines, are written out as explicit Python code.
+#
+# It'd be nice if there were some cleaner way to do all this. This isn't
+# *too* terrible, but I feel like it could probably be better.
+#
+# WARNING
+# -------
+#
+# The script that generates the state machine diagrams for the docs knows how
+# to read out the EVENT_TRIGGERED_TRANSITIONS and STATE_TRIGGERED_TRANSITIONS
+# tables. But it can't automatically read the transitions that are written
+# directly in Python code. So if you touch those, you need to also update the
+# script to keep it in sync!
+
+from ._events import *
+from ._util import LocalProtocolError, make_sentinel
+
+# Everything in __all__ gets re-exported as part of the h11 public API.
+__all__ = [
+    "CLIENT",
+    "SERVER",
+    "IDLE",
+    "SEND_RESPONSE",
+    "SEND_BODY",
+    "DONE",
+    "MUST_CLOSE",
+    "CLOSED",
+    "MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL",
+    "SWITCHED_PROTOCOL",
+    "ERROR",
+]
+
+CLIENT = make_sentinel("CLIENT")
+SERVER = make_sentinel("SERVER")
+
+# States
+IDLE = make_sentinel("IDLE")
+SEND_RESPONSE = make_sentinel("SEND_RESPONSE")
+SEND_BODY = make_sentinel("SEND_BODY")
+DONE = make_sentinel("DONE")
+MUST_CLOSE = make_sentinel("MUST_CLOSE")
+CLOSED = make_sentinel("CLOSED")
+ERROR = make_sentinel("ERROR")
+
+# Switch types
+MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL = make_sentinel("MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL")
+SWITCHED_PROTOCOL = make_sentinel("SWITCHED_PROTOCOL")
+
+_SWITCH_UPGRADE = make_sentinel("_SWITCH_UPGRADE")
+_SWITCH_CONNECT = make_sentinel("_SWITCH_CONNECT")
+
+EVENT_TRIGGERED_TRANSITIONS = {
+    CLIENT: {
+        IDLE: {Request: SEND_BODY, ConnectionClosed: CLOSED},
+        SEND_BODY: {Data: SEND_BODY, EndOfMessage: DONE},
+        DONE: {ConnectionClosed: CLOSED},
+        MUST_CLOSE: {ConnectionClosed: CLOSED},
+        CLOSED: {ConnectionClosed: CLOSED},
+        MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL: {},
+        SWITCHED_PROTOCOL: {},
+        ERROR: {},
+    },
+    SERVER: {
+        IDLE: {
+            ConnectionClosed: CLOSED,
+            Response: SEND_BODY,
+            # Special case: server sees client Request events, in this form
+            (Request, CLIENT): SEND_RESPONSE,
+        },
+        SEND_RESPONSE: {
+            InformationalResponse: SEND_RESPONSE,
+            Response: SEND_BODY,
+            (InformationalResponse, _SWITCH_UPGRADE): SWITCHED_PROTOCOL,
+            (Response, _SWITCH_CONNECT): SWITCHED_PROTOCOL,
+        },
+        SEND_BODY: {Data: SEND_BODY, EndOfMessage: DONE},
+        DONE: {ConnectionClosed: CLOSED},
+        MUST_CLOSE: {ConnectionClosed: CLOSED},
+        CLOSED: {ConnectionClosed: CLOSED},
+        SWITCHED_PROTOCOL: {},
+        ERROR: {},
+    },
+}
+
+# NB: there are also some special-case state-triggered transitions hard-coded
+# into _fire_state_triggered_transitions below.
+STATE_TRIGGERED_TRANSITIONS = {
+    # (Client state, Server state) -> new states
+    # Protocol negotiation
+    (MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL, SWITCHED_PROTOCOL): {CLIENT: SWITCHED_PROTOCOL},
+    # Socket shutdown
+    (CLOSED, DONE): {SERVER: MUST_CLOSE},
+    (CLOSED, IDLE): {SERVER: MUST_CLOSE},
+    (ERROR, DONE): {SERVER: MUST_CLOSE},
+    (DONE, CLOSED): {CLIENT: MUST_CLOSE},
+    (IDLE, CLOSED): {CLIENT: MUST_CLOSE},
+    (DONE, ERROR): {CLIENT: MUST_CLOSE},
+}
+
+
+class ConnectionState:
+    def __init__(self):
+        # Extra bits of state that don't quite fit into the state model.
+
+        # If this is False then it enables the automatic DONE -> MUST_CLOSE
+        # transition. Don't set this directly; call .keep_alive_disabled()
+        self.keep_alive = True
+
+        # This is a subset of {UPGRADE, CONNECT}, containing the proposals
+        # made by the client for switching protocols.
+        self.pending_switch_proposals = set()
+
+        self.states = {CLIENT: IDLE, SERVER: IDLE}
+
+    def process_error(self, role):
+        self.states[role] = ERROR
+        self._fire_state_triggered_transitions()
+
+    def process_keep_alive_disabled(self):
+        self.keep_alive = False
+        self._fire_state_triggered_transitions()
+
+    def process_client_switch_proposal(self, switch_event):
+        self.pending_switch_proposals.add(switch_event)
+        self._fire_state_triggered_transitions()
+
+    def process_event(self, role, event_type, server_switch_event=None):
+        if server_switch_event is not None:
+            assert role is SERVER
+            if server_switch_event not in self.pending_switch_proposals:
+                raise LocalProtocolError(
+                    "Received server {} event without a pending proposal".format(
+                        server_switch_event
+                    )
+                )
+            event_type = (event_type, server_switch_event)
+        if server_switch_event is None and event_type is Response:
+            self.pending_switch_proposals = set()
+        self._fire_event_triggered_transitions(role, event_type)
+        # Special case: the server state does get to see Request
+        # events.
+        if event_type is Request:
+            assert role is CLIENT
+            self._fire_event_triggered_transitions(SERVER, (Request, CLIENT))
+        self._fire_state_triggered_transitions()
+
+    def _fire_event_triggered_transitions(self, role, event_type):
+        state = self.states[role]
+        try:
+            new_state = EVENT_TRIGGERED_TRANSITIONS[role][state][event_type]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise LocalProtocolError(
+                "can't handle event type {} when role={} and state={}".format(
+                    event_type.__name__, role, self.states[role]
+                )
+            )
+        self.states[role] = new_state
+
+    def _fire_state_triggered_transitions(self):
+        # We apply these rules repeatedly until converging on a fixed point
+        while True:
+            start_states = dict(self.states)
+
+            # It could happen that both these special-case transitions are
+            # enabled at the same time:
+            #
+            #    DONE -> MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL
+            #    DONE -> MUST_CLOSE
+            #
+            # For example, this will always be true of a HTTP/1.0 client
+            # requesting CONNECT.  If this happens, the protocol switch takes
+            # priority. From there the client will either go to
+            # SWITCHED_PROTOCOL, in which case it's none of our business when
+            # they close the connection, or else the server will deny the
+            # request, in which case the client will go back to DONE and then
+            # from there to MUST_CLOSE.
+            if self.pending_switch_proposals:
+                if self.states[CLIENT] is DONE:
+                    self.states[CLIENT] = MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL
+
+            if not self.pending_switch_proposals:
+                if self.states[CLIENT] is MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL:
+                    self.states[CLIENT] = DONE
+
+            if not self.keep_alive:
+                for role in (CLIENT, SERVER):
+                    if self.states[role] is DONE:
+                        self.states[role] = MUST_CLOSE
+
+            # Tabular state-triggered transitions
+            joint_state = (self.states[CLIENT], self.states[SERVER])
+            changes = STATE_TRIGGERED_TRANSITIONS.get(joint_state, {})
+            self.states.update(changes)
+
+            if self.states == start_states:
+                # Fixed point reached
+                return
+
+    def start_next_cycle(self):
+        if self.states != {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: DONE}:
+            raise LocalProtocolError(
+                "not in a reusable state. self.states={}".format(self.states)
+            )
+        # Can't reach DONE/DONE with any of these active, but still, let's be
+        # sure.
+        assert self.keep_alive
+        assert not self.pending_switch_proposals
+        self.states = {CLIENT: IDLE, SERVER: IDLE}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb1a5cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "ProtocolError",
+    "LocalProtocolError",
+    "RemoteProtocolError",
+    "validate",
+    "make_sentinel",
+    "bytesify",
+]
+
+
+class ProtocolError(Exception):
+    """Exception indicating a violation of the HTTP/1.1 protocol.
+
+    This as an abstract base class, with two concrete base classes:
+    :exc:`LocalProtocolError`, which indicates that you tried to do something
+    that HTTP/1.1 says is illegal, and :exc:`RemoteProtocolError`, which
+    indicates that the remote peer tried to do something that HTTP/1.1 says is
+    illegal. See :ref:`error-handling` for details.
+
+    In addition to the normal :exc:`Exception` features, it has one attribute:
+
+    .. attribute:: error_status_hint
+
+       This gives a suggestion as to what status code a server might use if
+       this error occurred as part of a request.
+
+       For a :exc:`RemoteProtocolError`, this is useful as a suggestion for
+       how you might want to respond to a misbehaving peer, if you're
+       implementing a server.
+
+       For a :exc:`LocalProtocolError`, this can be taken as a suggestion for
+       how your peer might have responded to *you* if h11 had allowed you to
+       continue.
+
+       The default is 400 Bad Request, a generic catch-all for protocol
+       violations.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, msg, error_status_hint=400):
+        if type(self) is ProtocolError:
+            raise TypeError("tried to directly instantiate ProtocolError")
+        Exception.__init__(self, msg)
+        self.error_status_hint = error_status_hint
+
+
+# Strategy: there are a number of public APIs where a LocalProtocolError can
+# be raised (send(), all the different event constructors, ...), and only one
+# public API where RemoteProtocolError can be raised
+# (receive_data()). Therefore we always raise LocalProtocolError internally,
+# and then receive_data will translate this into a RemoteProtocolError.
+#
+# Internally:
+#   LocalProtocolError is the generic "ProtocolError".
+# Externally:
+#   LocalProtocolError is for local errors and RemoteProtocolError is for
+#   remote errors.
+class LocalProtocolError(ProtocolError):
+    def _reraise_as_remote_protocol_error(self):
+        # After catching a LocalProtocolError, use this method to re-raise it
+        # as a RemoteProtocolError. This method must be called from inside an
+        # except: block.
+        #
+        # An easy way to get an equivalent RemoteProtocolError is just to
+        # modify 'self' in place.
+        self.__class__ = RemoteProtocolError
+        # But the re-raising is somewhat non-trivial -- you might think that
+        # now that we've modified the in-flight exception object, that just
+        # doing 'raise' to re-raise it would be enough. But it turns out that
+        # this doesn't work, because Python tracks the exception type
+        # (exc_info[0]) separately from the exception object (exc_info[1]),
+        # and we only modified the latter. So we really do need to re-raise
+        # the new type explicitly.
+        # On py3, the traceback is part of the exception object, so our
+        # in-place modification preserved it and we can just re-raise:
+        raise self
+
+
+class RemoteProtocolError(ProtocolError):
+    pass
+
+
+def validate(regex, data, msg="malformed data", *format_args):
+    match = regex.fullmatch(data)
+    if not match:
+        if format_args:
+            msg = msg.format(*format_args)
+        raise LocalProtocolError(msg)
+    return match.groupdict()
+
+
+# Sentinel values
+#
+# - Inherit identity-based comparison and hashing from object
+# - Have a nice repr
+# - Have a *bonus property*: type(sentinel) is sentinel
+#
+# The bonus property is useful if you want to take the return value from
+# next_event() and do some sort of dispatch based on type(event).
+class _SentinelBase(type):
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__name__
+
+
+def make_sentinel(name):
+    cls = _SentinelBase(name, (_SentinelBase,), {})
+    cls.__class__ = cls
+    return cls
+
+
+# Used for methods, request targets, HTTP versions, header names, and header
+# values. Accepts ascii-strings, or bytes/bytearray/memoryview/..., and always
+# returns bytes.
+def bytesify(s):
+    # Fast-path:
+    if type(s) is bytes:
+        return s
+    if isinstance(s, str):
+        s = s.encode("ascii")
+    if isinstance(s, int):
+        raise TypeError("expected bytes-like object, not int")
+    return bytes(s)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb5c2c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# This file must be kept very simple, because it is consumed from several
+# places -- it is imported by h11/__init__.py, execfile'd by setup.py, etc.
+
+# We use a simple scheme:
+#   1.0.0 -> 1.0.0+dev -> 1.1.0 -> 1.1.0+dev
+# where the +dev versions are never released into the wild, they're just what
+# we stick into the VCS in between releases.
+#
+# This is compatible with PEP 440:
+#   http://legacy.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0440/
+# via the use of the "local suffix" "+dev", which is disallowed on index
+# servers and causes 1.0.0+dev to sort after plain 1.0.0, which is what we
+# want. (Contrast with the special suffix 1.0.0.dev, which sorts *before*
+# 1.0.0.)
+
+__version__ = "0.12.0"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_writers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_writers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb5e8a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/_writers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# Code to read HTTP data
+#
+# Strategy: each writer takes an event + a write-some-bytes function, which is
+# calls.
+#
+# WRITERS is a dict describing how to pick a reader. It maps states to either:
+# - a writer
+# - or, for body writers, a dict of framin-dependent writer factories
+
+from ._events import Data, EndOfMessage
+from ._state import CLIENT, IDLE, SEND_BODY, SEND_RESPONSE, SERVER
+from ._util import LocalProtocolError
+
+__all__ = ["WRITERS"]
+
+
+def write_headers(headers, write):
+    # "Since the Host field-value is critical information for handling a
+    # request, a user agent SHOULD generate Host as the first header field
+    # following the request-line." - RFC 7230
+    raw_items = headers._full_items
+    for raw_name, name, value in raw_items:
+        if name == b"host":
+            write(b"%s: %s\r\n" % (raw_name, value))
+    for raw_name, name, value in raw_items:
+        if name != b"host":
+            write(b"%s: %s\r\n" % (raw_name, value))
+    write(b"\r\n")
+
+
+def write_request(request, write):
+    if request.http_version != b"1.1":
+        raise LocalProtocolError("I only send HTTP/1.1")
+    write(b"%s %s HTTP/1.1\r\n" % (request.method, request.target))
+    write_headers(request.headers, write)
+
+
+# Shared between InformationalResponse and Response
+def write_any_response(response, write):
+    if response.http_version != b"1.1":
+        raise LocalProtocolError("I only send HTTP/1.1")
+    status_bytes = str(response.status_code).encode("ascii")
+    # We don't bother sending ascii status messages like "OK"; they're
+    # optional and ignored by the protocol. (But the space after the numeric
+    # status code is mandatory.)
+    #
+    # XX FIXME: could at least make an effort to pull out the status message
+    # from stdlib's http.HTTPStatus table. Or maybe just steal their enums
+    # (either by import or copy/paste). We already accept them as status codes
+    # since they're of type IntEnum < int.
+    write(b"HTTP/1.1 %s %s\r\n" % (status_bytes, response.reason))
+    write_headers(response.headers, write)
+
+
+class BodyWriter:
+    def __call__(self, event, write):
+        if type(event) is Data:
+            self.send_data(event.data, write)
+        elif type(event) is EndOfMessage:
+            self.send_eom(event.headers, write)
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            assert False
+
+
+#
+# These are all careful not to do anything to 'data' except call len(data) and
+# write(data). This allows us to transparently pass-through funny objects,
+# like placeholder objects referring to files on disk that will be sent via
+# sendfile(2).
+#
+class ContentLengthWriter(BodyWriter):
+    def __init__(self, length):
+        self._length = length
+
+    def send_data(self, data, write):
+        self._length -= len(data)
+        if self._length < 0:
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Too much data for declared Content-Length")
+        write(data)
+
+    def send_eom(self, headers, write):
+        if self._length != 0:
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Too little data for declared Content-Length")
+        if headers:
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Content-Length and trailers don't mix")
+
+
+class ChunkedWriter(BodyWriter):
+    def send_data(self, data, write):
+        # if we encoded 0-length data in the naive way, it would look like an
+        # end-of-message.
+        if not data:
+            return
+        write(b"%x\r\n" % len(data))
+        write(data)
+        write(b"\r\n")
+
+    def send_eom(self, headers, write):
+        write(b"0\r\n")
+        write_headers(headers, write)
+
+
+class Http10Writer(BodyWriter):
+    def send_data(self, data, write):
+        write(data)
+
+    def send_eom(self, headers, write):
+        if headers:
+            raise LocalProtocolError("can't send trailers to HTTP/1.0 client")
+        # no need to close the socket ourselves, that will be taken care of by
+        # Connection: close machinery
+
+
+WRITERS = {
+    (CLIENT, IDLE): write_request,
+    (SERVER, IDLE): write_any_response,
+    (SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE): write_any_response,
+    SEND_BODY: {
+        "chunked": ChunkedWriter,
+        "content-length": ContentLengthWriter,
+        "http/1.0": Http10Writer,
+    },
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/data/test-file b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/data/test-file
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0be0a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/data/test-file
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+92b12bc045050b55b848d37167a1a63947c364579889ce1d39788e45e9fac9e5
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/helpers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d2cf38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+from .._connection import *
+from .._events import *
+from .._state import *
+
+
+def get_all_events(conn):
+    got_events = []
+    while True:
+        event = conn.next_event()
+        if event in (NEED_DATA, PAUSED):
+            break
+        got_events.append(event)
+        if type(event) is ConnectionClosed:
+            break
+    return got_events
+
+
+def receive_and_get(conn, data):
+    conn.receive_data(data)
+    return get_all_events(conn)
+
+
+# Merges adjacent Data events, converts payloads to bytestrings, and removes
+# chunk boundaries.
+def normalize_data_events(in_events):
+    out_events = []
+    for event in in_events:
+        if type(event) is Data:
+            event.data = bytes(event.data)
+            event.chunk_start = False
+            event.chunk_end = False
+        if out_events and type(out_events[-1]) is type(event) is Data:
+            out_events[-1].data += event.data
+        else:
+            out_events.append(event)
+    return out_events
+
+
+# Given that we want to write tests that push some events through a Connection
+# and check that its state updates appropriately... we might as make a habit
+# of pushing them through two Connections with a fake network link in
+# between.
+class ConnectionPair:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.conn = {CLIENT: Connection(CLIENT), SERVER: Connection(SERVER)}
+        self.other = {CLIENT: SERVER, SERVER: CLIENT}
+
+    @property
+    def conns(self):
+        return self.conn.values()
+
+    # expect="match" if expect=send_events; expect=[...] to say what expected
+    def send(self, role, send_events, expect="match"):
+        if not isinstance(send_events, list):
+            send_events = [send_events]
+        data = b""
+        closed = False
+        for send_event in send_events:
+            new_data = self.conn[role].send(send_event)
+            if new_data is None:
+                closed = True
+            else:
+                data += new_data
+        # send uses b"" to mean b"", and None to mean closed
+        # receive uses b"" to mean closed, and None to mean "try again"
+        # so we have to translate between the two conventions
+        if data:
+            self.conn[self.other[role]].receive_data(data)
+        if closed:
+            self.conn[self.other[role]].receive_data(b"")
+        got_events = get_all_events(self.conn[self.other[role]])
+        if expect == "match":
+            expect = send_events
+        if not isinstance(expect, list):
+            expect = [expect]
+        assert got_events == expect
+        return data
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_against_stdlib_http.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_against_stdlib_http.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6c5db4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_against_stdlib_http.py
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+import json
+import os.path
+import socket
+import socketserver
+import threading
+from contextlib import closing, contextmanager
+from http.server import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
+from urllib.request import urlopen
+
+import h11
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def socket_server(handler):
+    httpd = socketserver.TCPServer(("127.0.0.1", 0), handler)
+    thread = threading.Thread(
+        target=httpd.serve_forever, kwargs={"poll_interval": 0.01}
+    )
+    thread.daemon = True
+    try:
+        thread.start()
+        yield httpd
+    finally:
+        httpd.shutdown()
+
+
+test_file_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "data/test-file")
+with open(test_file_path, "rb") as f:
+    test_file_data = f.read()
+
+
+class SingleMindedRequestHandler(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
+    def translate_path(self, path):
+        return test_file_path
+
+
+def test_h11_as_client():
+    with socket_server(SingleMindedRequestHandler) as httpd:
+        with closing(socket.create_connection(httpd.server_address)) as s:
+            c = h11.Connection(h11.CLIENT)
+
+            s.sendall(
+                c.send(
+                    h11.Request(
+                        method="GET", target="/foo", headers=[("Host", "localhost")]
+                    )
+                )
+            )
+            s.sendall(c.send(h11.EndOfMessage()))
+
+            data = bytearray()
+            while True:
+                event = c.next_event()
+                print(event)
+                if event is h11.NEED_DATA:
+                    # Use a small read buffer to make things more challenging
+                    # and exercise more paths :-)
+                    c.receive_data(s.recv(10))
+                    continue
+                if type(event) is h11.Response:
+                    assert event.status_code == 200
+                if type(event) is h11.Data:
+                    data += event.data
+                if type(event) is h11.EndOfMessage:
+                    break
+            assert bytes(data) == test_file_data
+
+
+class H11RequestHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
+    def handle(self):
+        with closing(self.request) as s:
+            c = h11.Connection(h11.SERVER)
+            request = None
+            while True:
+                event = c.next_event()
+                if event is h11.NEED_DATA:
+                    # Use a small read buffer to make things more challenging
+                    # and exercise more paths :-)
+                    c.receive_data(s.recv(10))
+                    continue
+                if type(event) is h11.Request:
+                    request = event
+                if type(event) is h11.EndOfMessage:
+                    break
+            info = json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "method": request.method.decode("ascii"),
+                    "target": request.target.decode("ascii"),
+                    "headers": {
+                        name.decode("ascii"): value.decode("ascii")
+                        for (name, value) in request.headers
+                    },
+                }
+            )
+            s.sendall(c.send(h11.Response(status_code=200, headers=[])))
+            s.sendall(c.send(h11.Data(data=info.encode("ascii"))))
+            s.sendall(c.send(h11.EndOfMessage()))
+
+
+def test_h11_as_server():
+    with socket_server(H11RequestHandler) as httpd:
+        host, port = httpd.server_address
+        url = "http://{}:{}/some-path".format(host, port)
+        with closing(urlopen(url)) as f:
+            assert f.getcode() == 200
+            data = f.read()
+    info = json.loads(data.decode("ascii"))
+    print(info)
+    assert info["method"] == "GET"
+    assert info["target"] == "/some-path"
+    assert "urllib" in info["headers"]["user-agent"]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_connection.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..baadec8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1078 @@
+import pytest
+
+from .._connection import _body_framing, _keep_alive, Connection, NEED_DATA, PAUSED
+from .._events import *
+from .._state import *
+from .._util import LocalProtocolError, RemoteProtocolError
+from .helpers import ConnectionPair, get_all_events, receive_and_get
+
+
+def test__keep_alive():
+    assert _keep_alive(
+        Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[("Host", "Example.com")])
+    )
+    assert not _keep_alive(
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Host", "Example.com"), ("Connection", "close")],
+        )
+    )
+    assert not _keep_alive(
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Host", "Example.com"), ("Connection", "a, b, cLOse, foo")],
+        )
+    )
+    assert not _keep_alive(
+        Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[], http_version="1.0")
+    )
+
+    assert _keep_alive(Response(status_code=200, headers=[]))
+    assert not _keep_alive(Response(status_code=200, headers=[("Connection", "close")]))
+    assert not _keep_alive(
+        Response(status_code=200, headers=[("Connection", "a, b, cLOse, foo")])
+    )
+    assert not _keep_alive(Response(status_code=200, headers=[], http_version="1.0"))
+
+
+def test__body_framing():
+    def headers(cl, te):
+        headers = []
+        if cl is not None:
+            headers.append(("Content-Length", str(cl)))
+        if te:
+            headers.append(("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked"))
+        return headers
+
+    def resp(status_code=200, cl=None, te=False):
+        return Response(status_code=status_code, headers=headers(cl, te))
+
+    def req(cl=None, te=False):
+        h = headers(cl, te)
+        h += [("Host", "example.com")]
+        return Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=h)
+
+    # Special cases where the headers are ignored:
+    for kwargs in [{}, {"cl": 100}, {"te": True}, {"cl": 100, "te": True}]:
+        for meth, r in [
+            (b"HEAD", resp(**kwargs)),
+            (b"GET", resp(status_code=204, **kwargs)),
+            (b"GET", resp(status_code=304, **kwargs)),
+        ]:
+            assert _body_framing(meth, r) == ("content-length", (0,))
+
+    # Transfer-encoding
+    for kwargs in [{"te": True}, {"cl": 100, "te": True}]:
+        for meth, r in [(None, req(**kwargs)), (b"GET", resp(**kwargs))]:
+            assert _body_framing(meth, r) == ("chunked", ())
+
+    # Content-Length
+    for meth, r in [(None, req(cl=100)), (b"GET", resp(cl=100))]:
+        assert _body_framing(meth, r) == ("content-length", (100,))
+
+    # No headers
+    assert _body_framing(None, req()) == ("content-length", (0,))
+    assert _body_framing(b"GET", resp()) == ("http/1.0", ())
+
+
+def test_Connection_basics_and_content_length():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        Connection("CLIENT")
+
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    assert p.conn[CLIENT].our_role is CLIENT
+    assert p.conn[CLIENT].their_role is SERVER
+    assert p.conn[SERVER].our_role is SERVER
+    assert p.conn[SERVER].their_role is CLIENT
+
+    data = p.send(
+        CLIENT,
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Host", "example.com"), ("Content-Length", "10")],
+        ),
+    )
+    assert data == (
+        b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" b"Host: example.com\r\n" b"Content-Length: 10\r\n\r\n"
+    )
+
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: SEND_BODY, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+    assert p.conn[CLIENT].our_state is SEND_BODY
+    assert p.conn[CLIENT].their_state is SEND_RESPONSE
+    assert p.conn[SERVER].our_state is SEND_RESPONSE
+    assert p.conn[SERVER].their_state is SEND_BODY
+
+    assert p.conn[CLIENT].their_http_version is None
+    assert p.conn[SERVER].their_http_version == b"1.1"
+
+    data = p.send(SERVER, InformationalResponse(status_code=100, headers=[]))
+    assert data == b"HTTP/1.1 100 \r\n\r\n"
+
+    data = p.send(SERVER, Response(status_code=200, headers=[("Content-Length", "11")]))
+    assert data == b"HTTP/1.1 200 \r\nContent-Length: 11\r\n\r\n"
+
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: SEND_BODY, SERVER: SEND_BODY}
+
+    assert p.conn[CLIENT].their_http_version == b"1.1"
+    assert p.conn[SERVER].their_http_version == b"1.1"
+
+    data = p.send(CLIENT, Data(data=b"12345"))
+    assert data == b"12345"
+    data = p.send(
+        CLIENT, Data(data=b"67890"), expect=[Data(data=b"67890"), EndOfMessage()]
+    )
+    assert data == b"67890"
+    data = p.send(CLIENT, EndOfMessage(), expect=[])
+    assert data == b""
+
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: SEND_BODY}
+
+    data = p.send(SERVER, Data(data=b"1234567890"))
+    assert data == b"1234567890"
+    data = p.send(SERVER, Data(data=b"1"), expect=[Data(data=b"1"), EndOfMessage()])
+    assert data == b"1"
+    data = p.send(SERVER, EndOfMessage(), expect=[])
+    assert data == b""
+
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: DONE}
+
+
+def test_chunked():
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+
+    p.send(
+        CLIENT,
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Host", "example.com"), ("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")],
+        ),
+    )
+    data = p.send(CLIENT, Data(data=b"1234567890", chunk_start=True, chunk_end=True))
+    assert data == b"a\r\n1234567890\r\n"
+    data = p.send(CLIENT, Data(data=b"abcde", chunk_start=True, chunk_end=True))
+    assert data == b"5\r\nabcde\r\n"
+    data = p.send(CLIENT, Data(data=b""), expect=[])
+    assert data == b""
+    data = p.send(CLIENT, EndOfMessage(headers=[("hello", "there")]))
+    assert data == b"0\r\nhello: there\r\n\r\n"
+
+    p.send(
+        SERVER, Response(status_code=200, headers=[("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")])
+    )
+    p.send(SERVER, Data(data=b"54321", chunk_start=True, chunk_end=True))
+    p.send(SERVER, Data(data=b"12345", chunk_start=True, chunk_end=True))
+    p.send(SERVER, EndOfMessage())
+
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: DONE}
+
+
+def test_chunk_boundaries():
+    conn = Connection(our_role=SERVER)
+
+    request = (
+        b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n"
+        b"Host: example.com\r\n"
+        b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n"
+        b"\r\n"
+    )
+    conn.receive_data(request)
+    assert conn.next_event() == Request(
+        method="POST",
+        target="/",
+        headers=[("Host", "example.com"), ("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")],
+    )
+    assert conn.next_event() is NEED_DATA
+
+    conn.receive_data(b"5\r\nhello\r\n")
+    assert conn.next_event() == Data(data=b"hello", chunk_start=True, chunk_end=True)
+
+    conn.receive_data(b"5\r\nhel")
+    assert conn.next_event() == Data(data=b"hel", chunk_start=True, chunk_end=False)
+
+    conn.receive_data(b"l")
+    assert conn.next_event() == Data(data=b"l", chunk_start=False, chunk_end=False)
+
+    conn.receive_data(b"o\r\n")
+    assert conn.next_event() == Data(data=b"o", chunk_start=False, chunk_end=True)
+
+    conn.receive_data(b"5\r\nhello")
+    assert conn.next_event() == Data(data=b"hello", chunk_start=True, chunk_end=True)
+
+    conn.receive_data(b"\r\n")
+    assert conn.next_event() == NEED_DATA
+
+    conn.receive_data(b"0\r\n\r\n")
+    assert conn.next_event() == EndOfMessage()
+
+
+def test_client_talking_to_http10_server():
+    c = Connection(CLIENT)
+    c.send(Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[("Host", "example.com")]))
+    c.send(EndOfMessage())
+    assert c.our_state is DONE
+    # No content-length, so Http10 framing for body
+    assert receive_and_get(c, b"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n\r\n") == [
+        Response(status_code=200, headers=[], http_version="1.0", reason=b"OK")
+    ]
+    assert c.our_state is MUST_CLOSE
+    assert receive_and_get(c, b"12345") == [Data(data=b"12345")]
+    assert receive_and_get(c, b"67890") == [Data(data=b"67890")]
+    assert receive_and_get(c, b"") == [EndOfMessage(), ConnectionClosed()]
+    assert c.their_state is CLOSED
+
+
+def test_server_talking_to_http10_client():
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    # No content-length, so no body
+    # NB: no host header
+    assert receive_and_get(c, b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n") == [
+        Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[], http_version="1.0"),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+    assert c.their_state is MUST_CLOSE
+
+    # We automatically Connection: close back at them
+    assert (
+        c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[]))
+        == b"HTTP/1.1 200 \r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n"
+    )
+
+    assert c.send(Data(data=b"12345")) == b"12345"
+    assert c.send(EndOfMessage()) == b""
+    assert c.our_state is MUST_CLOSE
+
+    # Check that it works if they do send Content-Length
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    # NB: no host header
+    assert receive_and_get(c, b"POST / HTTP/1.0\r\nContent-Length: 10\r\n\r\n1") == [
+        Request(
+            method="POST",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Content-Length", "10")],
+            http_version="1.0",
+        ),
+        Data(data=b"1"),
+    ]
+    assert receive_and_get(c, b"234567890") == [Data(data=b"234567890"), EndOfMessage()]
+    assert c.their_state is MUST_CLOSE
+    assert receive_and_get(c, b"") == [ConnectionClosed()]
+
+
+def test_automatic_transfer_encoding_in_response():
+    # Check that in responses, the user can specify either Transfer-Encoding:
+    # chunked or no framing at all, and in both cases we automatically select
+    # the right option depending on whether the peer speaks HTTP/1.0 or
+    # HTTP/1.1
+    for user_headers in [
+        [("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")],
+        [],
+        # In fact, this even works if Content-Length is set,
+        # because if both are set then Transfer-Encoding wins
+        [("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked"), ("Content-Length", "100")],
+    ]:
+        p = ConnectionPair()
+        p.send(
+            CLIENT,
+            [
+                Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[("Host", "example.com")]),
+                EndOfMessage(),
+            ],
+        )
+        # When speaking to HTTP/1.1 client, all of the above cases get
+        # normalized to Transfer-Encoding: chunked
+        p.send(
+            SERVER,
+            Response(status_code=200, headers=user_headers),
+            expect=Response(
+                status_code=200, headers=[("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")]
+            ),
+        )
+
+        # When speaking to HTTP/1.0 client, all of the above cases get
+        # normalized to no-framing-headers
+        c = Connection(SERVER)
+        receive_and_get(c, b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n")
+        assert (
+            c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=user_headers))
+            == b"HTTP/1.1 200 \r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n"
+        )
+        assert c.send(Data(data=b"12345")) == b"12345"
+
+
+def test_automagic_connection_close_handling():
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    # If the user explicitly sets Connection: close, then we notice and
+    # respect it
+    p.send(
+        CLIENT,
+        [
+            Request(
+                method="GET",
+                target="/",
+                headers=[("Host", "example.com"), ("Connection", "close")],
+            ),
+            EndOfMessage(),
+        ],
+    )
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states[CLIENT] is MUST_CLOSE
+    # And if the client sets it, the server automatically echoes it back
+    p.send(
+        SERVER,
+        # no header here...
+        [Response(status_code=204, headers=[]), EndOfMessage()],
+        # ...but oh look, it arrived anyway
+        expect=[
+            Response(status_code=204, headers=[("connection", "close")]),
+            EndOfMessage(),
+        ],
+    )
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: MUST_CLOSE, SERVER: MUST_CLOSE}
+
+
+def test_100_continue():
+    def setup():
+        p = ConnectionPair()
+        p.send(
+            CLIENT,
+            Request(
+                method="GET",
+                target="/",
+                headers=[
+                    ("Host", "example.com"),
+                    ("Content-Length", "100"),
+                    ("Expect", "100-continue"),
+                ],
+            ),
+        )
+        for conn in p.conns:
+            assert conn.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue
+        assert not p.conn[CLIENT].they_are_waiting_for_100_continue
+        assert p.conn[SERVER].they_are_waiting_for_100_continue
+        return p
+
+    # Disabled by 100 Continue
+    p = setup()
+    p.send(SERVER, InformationalResponse(status_code=100, headers=[]))
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert not conn.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue
+        assert not conn.they_are_waiting_for_100_continue
+
+    # Disabled by a real response
+    p = setup()
+    p.send(
+        SERVER, Response(status_code=200, headers=[("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")])
+    )
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert not conn.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue
+        assert not conn.they_are_waiting_for_100_continue
+
+    # Disabled by the client going ahead and sending stuff anyway
+    p = setup()
+    p.send(CLIENT, Data(data=b"12345"))
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert not conn.client_is_waiting_for_100_continue
+        assert not conn.they_are_waiting_for_100_continue
+
+
+def test_max_incomplete_event_size_countermeasure():
+    # Infinitely long headers are definitely not okay
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    c.receive_data(b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nEndless: ")
+    assert c.next_event() is NEED_DATA
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        while True:
+            c.receive_data(b"a" * 1024)
+            c.next_event()
+
+    # Checking that the same header is accepted / rejected depending on the
+    # max_incomplete_event_size setting:
+    c = Connection(SERVER, max_incomplete_event_size=5000)
+    c.receive_data(b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nBig: ")
+    c.receive_data(b"a" * 4000)
+    c.receive_data(b"\r\n\r\n")
+    assert get_all_events(c) == [
+        Request(
+            method="GET", target="/", http_version="1.0", headers=[("big", "a" * 4000)]
+        ),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+
+    c = Connection(SERVER, max_incomplete_event_size=4000)
+    c.receive_data(b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nBig: ")
+    c.receive_data(b"a" * 4000)
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        c.next_event()
+
+    # Temporarily exceeding the size limit is fine, as long as its done with
+    # complete events:
+    c = Connection(SERVER, max_incomplete_event_size=5000)
+    c.receive_data(b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nContent-Length: 10000")
+    c.receive_data(b"\r\n\r\n" + b"a" * 10000)
+    assert get_all_events(c) == [
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            http_version="1.0",
+            headers=[("Content-Length", "10000")],
+        ),
+        Data(data=b"a" * 10000),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+
+    c = Connection(SERVER, max_incomplete_event_size=100)
+    # Two pipelined requests to create a way-too-big receive buffer... but
+    # it's fine because we're not checking
+    c.receive_data(
+        b"GET /1 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: a\r\n\r\n"
+        b"GET /2 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: b\r\n\r\n" + b"X" * 1000
+    )
+    assert get_all_events(c) == [
+        Request(method="GET", target="/1", headers=[("host", "a")]),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+    # Even more data comes in, still no problem
+    c.receive_data(b"X" * 1000)
+    # We can respond and reuse to get the second pipelined request
+    c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[]))
+    c.send(EndOfMessage())
+    c.start_next_cycle()
+    assert get_all_events(c) == [
+        Request(method="GET", target="/2", headers=[("host", "b")]),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+    # But once we unpause and try to read the next message, and find that it's
+    # incomplete and the buffer is *still* way too large, then *that's* a
+    # problem:
+    c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[]))
+    c.send(EndOfMessage())
+    c.start_next_cycle()
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        c.next_event()
+
+
+def test_reuse_simple():
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    p.send(
+        CLIENT,
+        [Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[("Host", "a")]), EndOfMessage()],
+    )
+    p.send(SERVER, [Response(status_code=200, headers=[]), EndOfMessage()])
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: DONE}
+        conn.start_next_cycle()
+
+    p.send(
+        CLIENT,
+        [
+            Request(method="DELETE", target="/foo", headers=[("Host", "a")]),
+            EndOfMessage(),
+        ],
+    )
+    p.send(SERVER, [Response(status_code=404, headers=[]), EndOfMessage()])
+
+
+def test_pipelining():
+    # Client doesn't support pipelining, so we have to do this by hand
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    assert c.next_event() is NEED_DATA
+    # 3 requests all bunched up
+    c.receive_data(
+        b"GET /1 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: a.com\r\nContent-Length: 5\r\n\r\n"
+        b"12345"
+        b"GET /2 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: a.com\r\nContent-Length: 5\r\n\r\n"
+        b"67890"
+        b"GET /3 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: a.com\r\n\r\n"
+    )
+    assert get_all_events(c) == [
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/1",
+            headers=[("Host", "a.com"), ("Content-Length", "5")],
+        ),
+        Data(data=b"12345"),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+    assert c.their_state is DONE
+    assert c.our_state is SEND_RESPONSE
+
+    assert c.next_event() is PAUSED
+
+    c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[]))
+    c.send(EndOfMessage())
+    assert c.their_state is DONE
+    assert c.our_state is DONE
+
+    c.start_next_cycle()
+
+    assert get_all_events(c) == [
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/2",
+            headers=[("Host", "a.com"), ("Content-Length", "5")],
+        ),
+        Data(data=b"67890"),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+    assert c.next_event() is PAUSED
+    c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[]))
+    c.send(EndOfMessage())
+    c.start_next_cycle()
+
+    assert get_all_events(c) == [
+        Request(method="GET", target="/3", headers=[("Host", "a.com")]),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+    # Doesn't pause this time, no trailing data
+    assert c.next_event() is NEED_DATA
+    c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[]))
+    c.send(EndOfMessage())
+
+    # Arrival of more data triggers pause
+    assert c.next_event() is NEED_DATA
+    c.receive_data(b"SADF")
+    assert c.next_event() is PAUSED
+    assert c.trailing_data == (b"SADF", False)
+    # If EOF arrives while paused, we don't see that either:
+    c.receive_data(b"")
+    assert c.trailing_data == (b"SADF", True)
+    assert c.next_event() is PAUSED
+    c.receive_data(b"")
+    assert c.next_event() is PAUSED
+    # Can't call receive_data with non-empty buf after closing it
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+        c.receive_data(b"FDSA")
+
+
+def test_protocol_switch():
+    for (req, deny, accept) in [
+        (
+            Request(
+                method="CONNECT",
+                target="example.com:443",
+                headers=[("Host", "foo"), ("Content-Length", "1")],
+            ),
+            Response(status_code=404, headers=[]),
+            Response(status_code=200, headers=[]),
+        ),
+        (
+            Request(
+                method="GET",
+                target="/",
+                headers=[("Host", "foo"), ("Content-Length", "1"), ("Upgrade", "a, b")],
+            ),
+            Response(status_code=200, headers=[]),
+            InformationalResponse(status_code=101, headers=[("Upgrade", "a")]),
+        ),
+        (
+            Request(
+                method="CONNECT",
+                target="example.com:443",
+                headers=[("Host", "foo"), ("Content-Length", "1"), ("Upgrade", "a, b")],
+            ),
+            Response(status_code=404, headers=[]),
+            # Accept CONNECT, not upgrade
+            Response(status_code=200, headers=[]),
+        ),
+        (
+            Request(
+                method="CONNECT",
+                target="example.com:443",
+                headers=[("Host", "foo"), ("Content-Length", "1"), ("Upgrade", "a, b")],
+            ),
+            Response(status_code=404, headers=[]),
+            # Accept Upgrade, not CONNECT
+            InformationalResponse(status_code=101, headers=[("Upgrade", "b")]),
+        ),
+    ]:
+
+        def setup():
+            p = ConnectionPair()
+            p.send(CLIENT, req)
+            # No switch-related state change stuff yet; the client has to
+            # finish the request before that kicks in
+            for conn in p.conns:
+                assert conn.states[CLIENT] is SEND_BODY
+            p.send(CLIENT, [Data(data=b"1"), EndOfMessage()])
+            for conn in p.conns:
+                assert conn.states[CLIENT] is MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL
+            assert p.conn[SERVER].next_event() is PAUSED
+            return p
+
+        # Test deny case
+        p = setup()
+        p.send(SERVER, deny)
+        for conn in p.conns:
+            assert conn.states == {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: SEND_BODY}
+        p.send(SERVER, EndOfMessage())
+        # Check that re-use is still allowed after a denial
+        for conn in p.conns:
+            conn.start_next_cycle()
+
+        # Test accept case
+        p = setup()
+        p.send(SERVER, accept)
+        for conn in p.conns:
+            assert conn.states == {CLIENT: SWITCHED_PROTOCOL, SERVER: SWITCHED_PROTOCOL}
+            conn.receive_data(b"123")
+            assert conn.next_event() is PAUSED
+            conn.receive_data(b"456")
+            assert conn.next_event() is PAUSED
+            assert conn.trailing_data == (b"123456", False)
+
+        # Pausing in might-switch, then recovery
+        # (weird artificial case where the trailing data actually is valid
+        # HTTP for some reason, because this makes it easier to test the state
+        # logic)
+        p = setup()
+        sc = p.conn[SERVER]
+        sc.receive_data(b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n")
+        assert sc.next_event() is PAUSED
+        assert sc.trailing_data == (b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n", False)
+        sc.send(deny)
+        assert sc.next_event() is PAUSED
+        sc.send(EndOfMessage())
+        sc.start_next_cycle()
+        assert get_all_events(sc) == [
+            Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[], http_version="1.0"),
+            EndOfMessage(),
+        ]
+
+        # When we're DONE, have no trailing data, and the connection gets
+        # closed, we report ConnectionClosed(). When we're in might-switch or
+        # switched, we don't.
+        p = setup()
+        sc = p.conn[SERVER]
+        sc.receive_data(b"")
+        assert sc.next_event() is PAUSED
+        assert sc.trailing_data == (b"", True)
+        p.send(SERVER, accept)
+        assert sc.next_event() is PAUSED
+
+        p = setup()
+        sc = p.conn[SERVER]
+        sc.receive_data(b"") == []
+        assert sc.next_event() is PAUSED
+        sc.send(deny)
+        assert sc.next_event() == ConnectionClosed()
+
+        # You can't send after switching protocols, or while waiting for a
+        # protocol switch
+        p = setup()
+        with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+            p.conn[CLIENT].send(
+                Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[("Host", "a")])
+            )
+        p = setup()
+        p.send(SERVER, accept)
+        with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+            p.conn[SERVER].send(Data(data=b"123"))
+
+
+def test_close_simple():
+    # Just immediately closing a new connection without anything having
+    # happened yet.
+    for (who_shot_first, who_shot_second) in [(CLIENT, SERVER), (SERVER, CLIENT)]:
+
+        def setup():
+            p = ConnectionPair()
+            p.send(who_shot_first, ConnectionClosed())
+            for conn in p.conns:
+                assert conn.states == {
+                    who_shot_first: CLOSED,
+                    who_shot_second: MUST_CLOSE,
+                }
+            return p
+
+        # You can keep putting b"" into a closed connection, and you keep
+        # getting ConnectionClosed() out:
+        p = setup()
+        assert p.conn[who_shot_second].next_event() == ConnectionClosed()
+        assert p.conn[who_shot_second].next_event() == ConnectionClosed()
+        p.conn[who_shot_second].receive_data(b"")
+        assert p.conn[who_shot_second].next_event() == ConnectionClosed()
+        # Second party can close...
+        p = setup()
+        p.send(who_shot_second, ConnectionClosed())
+        for conn in p.conns:
+            assert conn.our_state is CLOSED
+            assert conn.their_state is CLOSED
+        # But trying to receive new data on a closed connection is a
+        # RuntimeError (not ProtocolError, because the problem here isn't
+        # violation of HTTP, it's violation of physics)
+        p = setup()
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+            p.conn[who_shot_second].receive_data(b"123")
+        # And receiving new data on a MUST_CLOSE connection is a ProtocolError
+        p = setup()
+        p.conn[who_shot_first].receive_data(b"GET")
+        with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+            p.conn[who_shot_first].next_event()
+
+
+def test_close_different_states():
+    req = [
+        Request(method="GET", target="/foo", headers=[("Host", "a")]),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+    resp = [Response(status_code=200, headers=[]), EndOfMessage()]
+
+    # Client before request
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    p.send(CLIENT, ConnectionClosed())
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: CLOSED, SERVER: MUST_CLOSE}
+
+    # Client after request
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    p.send(CLIENT, req)
+    p.send(CLIENT, ConnectionClosed())
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: CLOSED, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+    # Server after request -> not allowed
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    p.send(CLIENT, req)
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        p.conn[SERVER].send(ConnectionClosed())
+    p.conn[CLIENT].receive_data(b"")
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        p.conn[CLIENT].next_event()
+
+    # Server after response
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    p.send(CLIENT, req)
+    p.send(SERVER, resp)
+    p.send(SERVER, ConnectionClosed())
+    for conn in p.conns:
+        assert conn.states == {CLIENT: MUST_CLOSE, SERVER: CLOSED}
+
+    # Both after closing (ConnectionClosed() is idempotent)
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    p.send(CLIENT, req)
+    p.send(SERVER, resp)
+    p.send(CLIENT, ConnectionClosed())
+    p.send(SERVER, ConnectionClosed())
+    p.send(CLIENT, ConnectionClosed())
+    p.send(SERVER, ConnectionClosed())
+
+    # In the middle of sending -> not allowed
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    p.send(
+        CLIENT,
+        Request(
+            method="GET", target="/", headers=[("Host", "a"), ("Content-Length", "10")]
+        ),
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        p.conn[CLIENT].send(ConnectionClosed())
+    p.conn[SERVER].receive_data(b"")
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        p.conn[SERVER].next_event()
+
+
+# Receive several requests and then client shuts down their side of the
+# connection; we can respond to each
+def test_pipelined_close():
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    # 2 requests then a close
+    c.receive_data(
+        b"GET /1 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: a.com\r\nContent-Length: 5\r\n\r\n"
+        b"12345"
+        b"GET /2 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: a.com\r\nContent-Length: 5\r\n\r\n"
+        b"67890"
+    )
+    c.receive_data(b"")
+    assert get_all_events(c) == [
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/1",
+            headers=[("host", "a.com"), ("content-length", "5")],
+        ),
+        Data(data=b"12345"),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+    ]
+    assert c.states[CLIENT] is DONE
+    c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[]))
+    c.send(EndOfMessage())
+    assert c.states[SERVER] is DONE
+    c.start_next_cycle()
+    assert get_all_events(c) == [
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/2",
+            headers=[("host", "a.com"), ("content-length", "5")],
+        ),
+        Data(data=b"67890"),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+        ConnectionClosed(),
+    ]
+    assert c.states == {CLIENT: CLOSED, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+    c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[]))
+    c.send(EndOfMessage())
+    assert c.states == {CLIENT: CLOSED, SERVER: MUST_CLOSE}
+    c.send(ConnectionClosed())
+    assert c.states == {CLIENT: CLOSED, SERVER: CLOSED}
+
+
+def test_sendfile():
+    class SendfilePlaceholder:
+        def __len__(self):
+            return 10
+
+    placeholder = SendfilePlaceholder()
+
+    def setup(header, http_version):
+        c = Connection(SERVER)
+        receive_and_get(
+            c, "GET / HTTP/{}\r\nHost: a\r\n\r\n".format(http_version).encode("ascii")
+        )
+        headers = []
+        if header:
+            headers.append(header)
+        c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=headers))
+        return c, c.send_with_data_passthrough(Data(data=placeholder))
+
+    c, data = setup(("Content-Length", "10"), "1.1")
+    assert data == [placeholder]
+    # Raises an error if the connection object doesn't think we've sent
+    # exactly 10 bytes
+    c.send(EndOfMessage())
+
+    _, data = setup(("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked"), "1.1")
+    assert placeholder in data
+    data[data.index(placeholder)] = b"x" * 10
+    assert b"".join(data) == b"a\r\nxxxxxxxxxx\r\n"
+
+    c, data = setup(None, "1.0")
+    assert data == [placeholder]
+    assert c.our_state is SEND_BODY
+
+
+def test_errors():
+    # After a receive error, you can't receive
+    for role in [CLIENT, SERVER]:
+        c = Connection(our_role=role)
+        c.receive_data(b"gibberish\r\n\r\n")
+        with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+            c.next_event()
+        # Now any attempt to receive continues to raise
+        assert c.their_state is ERROR
+        assert c.our_state is not ERROR
+        print(c._cstate.states)
+        with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+            c.next_event()
+        # But we can still yell at the client for sending us gibberish
+        if role is SERVER:
+            assert (
+                c.send(Response(status_code=400, headers=[]))
+                == b"HTTP/1.1 400 \r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n"
+            )
+
+    # After an error sending, you can no longer send
+    # (This is especially important for things like content-length errors,
+    # where there's complex internal state being modified)
+    def conn(role):
+        c = Connection(our_role=role)
+        if role is SERVER:
+            # Put it into the state where it *could* send a response...
+            receive_and_get(c, b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n")
+            assert c.our_state is SEND_RESPONSE
+        return c
+
+    for role in [CLIENT, SERVER]:
+        if role is CLIENT:
+            # This HTTP/1.0 request won't be detected as bad until after we go
+            # through the state machine and hit the writing code
+            good = Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[("Host", "example.com")])
+            bad = Request(
+                method="GET",
+                target="/",
+                headers=[("Host", "example.com")],
+                http_version="1.0",
+            )
+        elif role is SERVER:
+            good = Response(status_code=200, headers=[])
+            bad = Response(status_code=200, headers=[], http_version="1.0")
+        # Make sure 'good' actually is good
+        c = conn(role)
+        c.send(good)
+        assert c.our_state is not ERROR
+        # Do that again, but this time sending 'bad' first
+        c = conn(role)
+        with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+            c.send(bad)
+        assert c.our_state is ERROR
+        assert c.their_state is not ERROR
+        # Now 'good' is not so good
+        with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+            c.send(good)
+
+        # And check send_failed() too
+        c = conn(role)
+        c.send_failed()
+        assert c.our_state is ERROR
+        assert c.their_state is not ERROR
+        # This is idempotent
+        c.send_failed()
+        assert c.our_state is ERROR
+        assert c.their_state is not ERROR
+
+
+def test_idle_receive_nothing():
+    # At one point this incorrectly raised an error
+    for role in [CLIENT, SERVER]:
+        c = Connection(role)
+        assert c.next_event() is NEED_DATA
+
+
+def test_connection_drop():
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    c.receive_data(b"GET /")
+    assert c.next_event() is NEED_DATA
+    c.receive_data(b"")
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        c.next_event()
+
+
+def test_408_request_timeout():
+    # Should be able to send this spontaneously as a server without seeing
+    # anything from client
+    p = ConnectionPair()
+    p.send(SERVER, Response(status_code=408, headers=[]))
+
+
+# This used to raise IndexError
+def test_empty_request():
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    c.receive_data(b"\r\n")
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        c.next_event()
+
+
+# This used to raise IndexError
+def test_empty_response():
+    c = Connection(CLIENT)
+    c.send(Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[("Host", "a")]))
+    c.receive_data(b"\r\n")
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        c.next_event()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "data",
+    [
+        b"\x00",
+        b"\x20",
+        b"\x16\x03\x01\x00\xa5",  # Typical start of a TLS Client Hello
+    ],
+)
+def test_early_detection_of_invalid_request(data):
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    # Early detection should occur before even receiving a `\r\n`
+    c.receive_data(data)
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        c.next_event()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "data",
+    [
+        b"\x00",
+        b"\x20",
+        b"\x16\x03\x03\x00\x31",  # Typical start of a TLS Server Hello
+    ],
+)
+def test_early_detection_of_invalid_response(data):
+    c = Connection(CLIENT)
+    # Early detection should occur before even receiving a `\r\n`
+    c.receive_data(data)
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError):
+        c.next_event()
+
+
+# This used to give different headers for HEAD and GET.
+# The correct way to handle HEAD is to put whatever headers we *would* have
+# put if it were a GET -- even though we know that for HEAD, those headers
+# will be ignored.
+def test_HEAD_framing_headers():
+    def setup(method, http_version):
+        c = Connection(SERVER)
+        c.receive_data(
+            method + b" / HTTP/" + http_version + b"\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n\r\n"
+        )
+        assert type(c.next_event()) is Request
+        assert type(c.next_event()) is EndOfMessage
+        return c
+
+    for method in [b"GET", b"HEAD"]:
+        # No Content-Length, HTTP/1.1 peer, should use chunked
+        c = setup(method, b"1.1")
+        assert (
+            c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[])) == b"HTTP/1.1 200 \r\n"
+            b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n\r\n"
+        )
+
+        # No Content-Length, HTTP/1.0 peer, frame with connection: close
+        c = setup(method, b"1.0")
+        assert (
+            c.send(Response(status_code=200, headers=[])) == b"HTTP/1.1 200 \r\n"
+            b"Connection: close\r\n\r\n"
+        )
+
+        # Content-Length + Transfer-Encoding, TE wins
+        c = setup(method, b"1.1")
+        assert (
+            c.send(
+                Response(
+                    status_code=200,
+                    headers=[
+                        ("Content-Length", "100"),
+                        ("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked"),
+                    ],
+                )
+            )
+            == b"HTTP/1.1 200 \r\n"
+            b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n\r\n"
+        )
+
+
+def test_special_exceptions_for_lost_connection_in_message_body():
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    c.receive_data(
+        b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" b"Host: example.com\r\n" b"Content-Length: 100\r\n\r\n"
+    )
+    assert type(c.next_event()) is Request
+    assert c.next_event() is NEED_DATA
+    c.receive_data(b"12345")
+    assert c.next_event() == Data(data=b"12345")
+    c.receive_data(b"")
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError) as excinfo:
+        c.next_event()
+    assert "received 5 bytes" in str(excinfo.value)
+    assert "expected 100" in str(excinfo.value)
+
+    c = Connection(SERVER)
+    c.receive_data(
+        b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n"
+        b"Host: example.com\r\n"
+        b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n\r\n"
+    )
+    assert type(c.next_event()) is Request
+    assert c.next_event() is NEED_DATA
+    c.receive_data(b"8\r\n012345")
+    assert c.next_event().data == b"012345"
+    c.receive_data(b"")
+    with pytest.raises(RemoteProtocolError) as excinfo:
+        c.next_event()
+    assert "incomplete chunked read" in str(excinfo.value)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_events.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_events.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e20f741
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_events.py
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+from http import HTTPStatus
+
+import pytest
+
+from .. import _events
+from .._events import *
+from .._util import LocalProtocolError
+
+
+def test_event_bundle():
+    class T(_events._EventBundle):
+        _fields = ["a", "b"]
+        _defaults = {"b": 1}
+
+        def _validate(self):
+            if self.a == 0:
+                raise ValueError
+
+    # basic construction and methods
+    t = T(a=1, b=0)
+    assert repr(t) == "T(a=1, b=0)"
+    assert t == T(a=1, b=0)
+    assert not (t == T(a=2, b=0))
+    assert not (t != T(a=1, b=0))
+    assert t != T(a=2, b=0)
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        hash(t)
+
+    # check defaults
+    t = T(a=10)
+    assert t.a == 10
+    assert t.b == 1
+
+    # no positional args
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        T(1)
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        T(1, a=1, b=0)
+
+    # unknown field
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        T(a=1, b=0, c=10)
+
+    # missing required field
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError) as exc:
+        T(b=0)
+    # make sure we error on the right missing kwarg
+    assert "kwarg a" in str(exc.value)
+
+    # _validate is called
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        T(a=0, b=0)
+
+
+def test_events():
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        # Missing Host:
+        req = Request(
+            method="GET", target="/", headers=[("a", "b")], http_version="1.1"
+        )
+    # But this is okay (HTTP/1.0)
+    req = Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[("a", "b")], http_version="1.0")
+    # fields are normalized
+    assert req.method == b"GET"
+    assert req.target == b"/"
+    assert req.headers == [(b"a", b"b")]
+    assert req.http_version == b"1.0"
+
+    # This is also okay -- has a Host (with weird capitalization, which is ok)
+    req = Request(
+        method="GET",
+        target="/",
+        headers=[("a", "b"), ("hOSt", "example.com")],
+        http_version="1.1",
+    )
+    # we normalize header capitalization
+    assert req.headers == [(b"a", b"b"), (b"host", b"example.com")]
+
+    # Multiple host is bad too
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        req = Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Host", "a"), ("Host", "a")],
+            http_version="1.1",
+        )
+    # Even for HTTP/1.0
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        req = Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Host", "a"), ("Host", "a")],
+            http_version="1.0",
+        )
+
+    # Header values are validated
+    for bad_char in "\x00\r\n\f\v":
+        with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+            req = Request(
+                method="GET",
+                target="/",
+                headers=[("Host", "a"), ("Foo", "asd" + bad_char)],
+                http_version="1.0",
+            )
+
+    # But for compatibility we allow non-whitespace control characters, even
+    # though they're forbidden by the spec.
+    Request(
+        method="GET",
+        target="/",
+        headers=[("Host", "a"), ("Foo", "asd\x01\x02\x7f")],
+        http_version="1.0",
+    )
+
+    # Request target is validated
+    for bad_char in b"\x00\x20\x7f\xee":
+        target = bytearray(b"/")
+        target.append(bad_char)
+        with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+            Request(
+                method="GET", target=target, headers=[("Host", "a")], http_version="1.1"
+            )
+
+    ir = InformationalResponse(status_code=100, headers=[("Host", "a")])
+    assert ir.status_code == 100
+    assert ir.headers == [(b"host", b"a")]
+    assert ir.http_version == b"1.1"
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        InformationalResponse(status_code=200, headers=[("Host", "a")])
+
+    resp = Response(status_code=204, headers=[], http_version="1.0")
+    assert resp.status_code == 204
+    assert resp.headers == []
+    assert resp.http_version == b"1.0"
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        resp = Response(status_code=100, headers=[], http_version="1.0")
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        Response(status_code="100", headers=[], http_version="1.0")
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        InformationalResponse(status_code=b"100", headers=[], http_version="1.0")
+
+    d = Data(data=b"asdf")
+    assert d.data == b"asdf"
+
+    eom = EndOfMessage()
+    assert eom.headers == []
+
+    cc = ConnectionClosed()
+    assert repr(cc) == "ConnectionClosed()"
+
+
+def test_intenum_status_code():
+    # https://github.com/python-hyper/h11/issues/72
+
+    r = Response(status_code=HTTPStatus.OK, headers=[], http_version="1.0")
+    assert r.status_code == HTTPStatus.OK
+    assert type(r.status_code) is not type(HTTPStatus.OK)
+    assert type(r.status_code) is int
+
+
+def test_header_casing():
+    r = Request(
+        method="GET",
+        target="/",
+        headers=[("Host", "example.org"), ("Connection", "keep-alive")],
+        http_version="1.1",
+    )
+    assert len(r.headers) == 2
+    assert r.headers[0] == (b"host", b"example.org")
+    assert r.headers == [(b"host", b"example.org"), (b"connection", b"keep-alive")]
+    assert r.headers.raw_items() == [
+        (b"Host", b"example.org"),
+        (b"Connection", b"keep-alive"),
+    ]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_headers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_headers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff3dc8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_headers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import pytest
+
+from .._headers import *
+
+
+def test_normalize_and_validate():
+    assert normalize_and_validate([("foo", "bar")]) == [(b"foo", b"bar")]
+    assert normalize_and_validate([(b"foo", b"bar")]) == [(b"foo", b"bar")]
+
+    # no leading/trailing whitespace in names
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([(b"foo ", "bar")])
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([(b" foo", "bar")])
+
+    # no weird characters in names
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError) as excinfo:
+        normalize_and_validate([(b"foo bar", b"baz")])
+    assert "foo bar" in str(excinfo.value)
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([(b"foo\x00bar", b"baz")])
+    # Not even 8-bit characters:
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([(b"foo\xffbar", b"baz")])
+    # And not even the control characters we allow in values:
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([(b"foo\x01bar", b"baz")])
+
+    # no return or NUL characters in values
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError) as excinfo:
+        normalize_and_validate([("foo", "bar\rbaz")])
+    assert "bar\\rbaz" in str(excinfo.value)
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("foo", "bar\nbaz")])
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("foo", "bar\x00baz")])
+    # no leading/trailing whitespace
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("foo", "barbaz  ")])
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("foo", "  barbaz")])
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("foo", "barbaz\t")])
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("foo", "\tbarbaz")])
+
+    # content-length
+    assert normalize_and_validate([("Content-Length", "1")]) == [
+        (b"content-length", b"1")
+    ]
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("Content-Length", "asdf")])
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("Content-Length", "1x")])
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("Content-Length", "1"), ("Content-Length", "2")])
+    assert normalize_and_validate(
+        [("Content-Length", "0"), ("Content-Length", "0")]
+    ) == [(b"content-length", b"0")]
+    assert normalize_and_validate([("Content-Length", "0 , 0")]) == [
+        (b"content-length", b"0")
+    ]
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate(
+            [("Content-Length", "1"), ("Content-Length", "1"), ("Content-Length", "2")]
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        normalize_and_validate([("Content-Length", "1 , 1,2")])
+
+    # transfer-encoding
+    assert normalize_and_validate([("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")]) == [
+        (b"transfer-encoding", b"chunked")
+    ]
+    assert normalize_and_validate([("Transfer-Encoding", "cHuNkEd")]) == [
+        (b"transfer-encoding", b"chunked")
+    ]
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError) as excinfo:
+        normalize_and_validate([("Transfer-Encoding", "gzip")])
+    assert excinfo.value.error_status_hint == 501  # Not Implemented
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError) as excinfo:
+        normalize_and_validate(
+            [("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked"), ("Transfer-Encoding", "gzip")]
+        )
+    assert excinfo.value.error_status_hint == 501  # Not Implemented
+
+
+def test_get_set_comma_header():
+    headers = normalize_and_validate(
+        [
+            ("Connection", "close"),
+            ("whatever", "something"),
+            ("connectiON", "fOo,, , BAR"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+    assert get_comma_header(headers, b"connection") == [b"close", b"foo", b"bar"]
+
+    headers = set_comma_header(headers, b"newthing", ["a", "b"])
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        set_comma_header(headers, b"newthing", ["  a", "b"])
+
+    assert headers == [
+        (b"connection", b"close"),
+        (b"whatever", b"something"),
+        (b"connection", b"fOo,, , BAR"),
+        (b"newthing", b"a"),
+        (b"newthing", b"b"),
+    ]
+
+    headers = set_comma_header(headers, b"whatever", ["different thing"])
+
+    assert headers == [
+        (b"connection", b"close"),
+        (b"connection", b"fOo,, , BAR"),
+        (b"newthing", b"a"),
+        (b"newthing", b"b"),
+        (b"whatever", b"different thing"),
+    ]
+
+
+def test_has_100_continue():
+    from .._events import Request
+
+    assert has_expect_100_continue(
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Host", "example.com"), ("Expect", "100-continue")],
+        )
+    )
+    assert not has_expect_100_continue(
+        Request(method="GET", target="/", headers=[("Host", "example.com")])
+    )
+    # Case insensitive
+    assert has_expect_100_continue(
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Host", "example.com"), ("Expect", "100-Continue")],
+        )
+    )
+    # Doesn't work in HTTP/1.0
+    assert not has_expect_100_continue(
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/",
+            headers=[("Host", "example.com"), ("Expect", "100-continue")],
+            http_version="1.0",
+        )
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_helpers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1477947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from .helpers import *
+
+
+def test_normalize_data_events():
+    assert normalize_data_events(
+        [
+            Data(data=bytearray(b"1")),
+            Data(data=b"2"),
+            Response(status_code=200, headers=[]),
+            Data(data=b"3"),
+            Data(data=b"4"),
+            EndOfMessage(),
+            Data(data=b"5"),
+            Data(data=b"6"),
+            Data(data=b"7"),
+        ]
+    ) == [
+        Data(data=b"12"),
+        Response(status_code=200, headers=[]),
+        Data(data=b"34"),
+        EndOfMessage(),
+        Data(data=b"567"),
+    ]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_io.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_io.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..459a627
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_io.py
@@ -0,0 +1,544 @@
+import pytest
+
+from .._events import *
+from .._headers import Headers, normalize_and_validate
+from .._readers import (
+    _obsolete_line_fold,
+    ChunkedReader,
+    ContentLengthReader,
+    Http10Reader,
+    READERS,
+)
+from .._receivebuffer import ReceiveBuffer
+from .._state import *
+from .._util import LocalProtocolError
+from .._writers import (
+    ChunkedWriter,
+    ContentLengthWriter,
+    Http10Writer,
+    write_any_response,
+    write_headers,
+    write_request,
+    WRITERS,
+)
+from .helpers import normalize_data_events
+
+SIMPLE_CASES = [
+    (
+        (CLIENT, IDLE),
+        Request(
+            method="GET",
+            target="/a",
+            headers=[("Host", "foo"), ("Connection", "close")],
+        ),
+        b"GET /a HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: foo\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n",
+    ),
+    (
+        (SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE),
+        Response(status_code=200, headers=[("Connection", "close")], reason=b"OK"),
+        b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n",
+    ),
+    (
+        (SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE),
+        Response(status_code=200, headers=[], reason=b"OK"),
+        b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n",
+    ),
+    (
+        (SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE),
+        InformationalResponse(
+            status_code=101, headers=[("Upgrade", "websocket")], reason=b"Upgrade"
+        ),
+        b"HTTP/1.1 101 Upgrade\r\nUpgrade: websocket\r\n\r\n",
+    ),
+    (
+        (SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE),
+        InformationalResponse(status_code=101, headers=[], reason=b"Upgrade"),
+        b"HTTP/1.1 101 Upgrade\r\n\r\n",
+    ),
+]
+
+
+def dowrite(writer, obj):
+    got_list = []
+    writer(obj, got_list.append)
+    return b"".join(got_list)
+
+
+def tw(writer, obj, expected):
+    got = dowrite(writer, obj)
+    assert got == expected
+
+
+def makebuf(data):
+    buf = ReceiveBuffer()
+    buf += data
+    return buf
+
+
+def tr(reader, data, expected):
+    def check(got):
+        assert got == expected
+        # Headers should always be returned as bytes, not e.g. bytearray
+        # https://github.com/python-hyper/wsproto/pull/54#issuecomment-377709478
+        for name, value in getattr(got, "headers", []):
+            print(name, value)
+            assert type(name) is bytes
+            assert type(value) is bytes
+
+    # Simple: consume whole thing
+    buf = makebuf(data)
+    check(reader(buf))
+    assert not buf
+
+    # Incrementally growing buffer
+    buf = ReceiveBuffer()
+    for i in range(len(data)):
+        assert reader(buf) is None
+        buf += data[i : i + 1]
+    check(reader(buf))
+
+    # Trailing data
+    buf = makebuf(data)
+    buf += b"trailing"
+    check(reader(buf))
+    assert bytes(buf) == b"trailing"
+
+
+def test_writers_simple():
+    for ((role, state), event, binary) in SIMPLE_CASES:
+        tw(WRITERS[role, state], event, binary)
+
+
+def test_readers_simple():
+    for ((role, state), event, binary) in SIMPLE_CASES:
+        tr(READERS[role, state], binary, event)
+
+
+def test_writers_unusual():
+    # Simple test of the write_headers utility routine
+    tw(
+        write_headers,
+        normalize_and_validate([("foo", "bar"), ("baz", "quux")]),
+        b"foo: bar\r\nbaz: quux\r\n\r\n",
+    )
+    tw(write_headers, Headers([]), b"\r\n")
+
+    # We understand HTTP/1.0, but we don't speak it
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tw(
+            write_request,
+            Request(
+                method="GET",
+                target="/",
+                headers=[("Host", "foo"), ("Connection", "close")],
+                http_version="1.0",
+            ),
+            None,
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tw(
+            write_any_response,
+            Response(
+                status_code=200, headers=[("Connection", "close")], http_version="1.0"
+            ),
+            None,
+        )
+
+
+def test_readers_unusual():
+    # Reading HTTP/1.0
+    tr(
+        READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+        b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.0\r\nSome: header\r\n\r\n",
+        Request(
+            method="HEAD",
+            target="/foo",
+            headers=[("Some", "header")],
+            http_version="1.0",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    # check no-headers, since it's only legal with HTTP/1.0
+    tr(
+        READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+        b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n",
+        Request(method="HEAD", target="/foo", headers=[], http_version="1.0"),
+    )
+
+    tr(
+        READERS[SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE],
+        b"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nSome: header\r\n\r\n",
+        Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            headers=[("Some", "header")],
+            http_version="1.0",
+            reason=b"OK",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    # single-character header values (actually disallowed by the ABNF in RFC
+    # 7230 -- this is a bug in the standard that we originally copied...)
+    tr(
+        READERS[SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE],
+        b"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n" b"Foo: a a a a a \r\n\r\n",
+        Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            headers=[("Foo", "a a a a a")],
+            http_version="1.0",
+            reason=b"OK",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    # Empty headers -- also legal
+    tr(
+        READERS[SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE],
+        b"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n" b"Foo:\r\n\r\n",
+        Response(
+            status_code=200, headers=[("Foo", "")], http_version="1.0", reason=b"OK"
+        ),
+    )
+
+    tr(
+        READERS[SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE],
+        b"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n" b"Foo: \t \t \r\n\r\n",
+        Response(
+            status_code=200, headers=[("Foo", "")], http_version="1.0", reason=b"OK"
+        ),
+    )
+
+    # Tolerate broken servers that leave off the response code
+    tr(
+        READERS[SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE],
+        b"HTTP/1.0 200\r\n" b"Foo: bar\r\n\r\n",
+        Response(
+            status_code=200, headers=[("Foo", "bar")], http_version="1.0", reason=b""
+        ),
+    )
+
+    # Tolerate headers line endings (\r\n and \n)
+    #    \n\r\b between headers and body
+    tr(
+        READERS[SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE],
+        b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nSomeHeader: val\n\r\n",
+        Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            headers=[("SomeHeader", "val")],
+            http_version="1.1",
+            reason="OK",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    #   delimited only with \n
+    tr(
+        READERS[SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE],
+        b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\nSomeHeader1: val1\nSomeHeader2: val2\n\n",
+        Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            headers=[("SomeHeader1", "val1"), ("SomeHeader2", "val2")],
+            http_version="1.1",
+            reason="OK",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    #   mixed \r\n and \n
+    tr(
+        READERS[SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE],
+        b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nSomeHeader1: val1\nSomeHeader2: val2\n\r\n",
+        Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            headers=[("SomeHeader1", "val1"), ("SomeHeader2", "val2")],
+            http_version="1.1",
+            reason="OK",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    # obsolete line folding
+    tr(
+        READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+        b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.1\r\n"
+        b"Host: example.com\r\n"
+        b"Some: multi-line\r\n"
+        b" header\r\n"
+        b"\tnonsense\r\n"
+        b"    \t   \t\tI guess\r\n"
+        b"Connection: close\r\n"
+        b"More-nonsense: in the\r\n"
+        b"    last header  \r\n\r\n",
+        Request(
+            method="HEAD",
+            target="/foo",
+            headers=[
+                ("Host", "example.com"),
+                ("Some", "multi-line header nonsense I guess"),
+                ("Connection", "close"),
+                ("More-nonsense", "in the last header"),
+            ],
+        ),
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tr(
+            READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+            b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.1\r\n" b"  folded: line\r\n\r\n",
+            None,
+        )
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tr(
+            READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+            b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.1\r\n" b"foo  : line\r\n\r\n",
+            None,
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tr(
+            READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+            b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.1\r\n" b"foo\t: line\r\n\r\n",
+            None,
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tr(
+            READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+            b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.1\r\n" b"foo\t: line\r\n\r\n",
+            None,
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tr(READERS[CLIENT, IDLE], b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.1\r\n" b": line\r\n\r\n", None)
+
+
+def test__obsolete_line_fold_bytes():
+    # _obsolete_line_fold has a defensive cast to bytearray, which is
+    # necessary to protect against O(n^2) behavior in case anyone ever passes
+    # in regular bytestrings... but right now we never pass in regular
+    # bytestrings. so this test just exists to get some coverage on that
+    # defensive cast.
+    assert list(_obsolete_line_fold([b"aaa", b"bbb", b"  ccc", b"ddd"])) == [
+        b"aaa",
+        bytearray(b"bbb ccc"),
+        b"ddd",
+    ]
+
+
+def _run_reader_iter(reader, buf, do_eof):
+    while True:
+        event = reader(buf)
+        if event is None:
+            break
+        yield event
+        # body readers have undefined behavior after returning EndOfMessage,
+        # because this changes the state so they don't get called again
+        if type(event) is EndOfMessage:
+            break
+    if do_eof:
+        assert not buf
+        yield reader.read_eof()
+
+
+def _run_reader(*args):
+    events = list(_run_reader_iter(*args))
+    return normalize_data_events(events)
+
+
+def t_body_reader(thunk, data, expected, do_eof=False):
+    # Simple: consume whole thing
+    print("Test 1")
+    buf = makebuf(data)
+    assert _run_reader(thunk(), buf, do_eof) == expected
+
+    # Incrementally growing buffer
+    print("Test 2")
+    reader = thunk()
+    buf = ReceiveBuffer()
+    events = []
+    for i in range(len(data)):
+        events += _run_reader(reader, buf, False)
+        buf += data[i : i + 1]
+    events += _run_reader(reader, buf, do_eof)
+    assert normalize_data_events(events) == expected
+
+    is_complete = any(type(event) is EndOfMessage for event in expected)
+    if is_complete and not do_eof:
+        buf = makebuf(data + b"trailing")
+        assert _run_reader(thunk(), buf, False) == expected
+
+
+def test_ContentLengthReader():
+    t_body_reader(lambda: ContentLengthReader(0), b"", [EndOfMessage()])
+
+    t_body_reader(
+        lambda: ContentLengthReader(10),
+        b"0123456789",
+        [Data(data=b"0123456789"), EndOfMessage()],
+    )
+
+
+def test_Http10Reader():
+    t_body_reader(Http10Reader, b"", [EndOfMessage()], do_eof=True)
+    t_body_reader(Http10Reader, b"asdf", [Data(data=b"asdf")], do_eof=False)
+    t_body_reader(
+        Http10Reader, b"asdf", [Data(data=b"asdf"), EndOfMessage()], do_eof=True
+    )
+
+
+def test_ChunkedReader():
+    t_body_reader(ChunkedReader, b"0\r\n\r\n", [EndOfMessage()])
+
+    t_body_reader(
+        ChunkedReader,
+        b"0\r\nSome: header\r\n\r\n",
+        [EndOfMessage(headers=[("Some", "header")])],
+    )
+
+    t_body_reader(
+        ChunkedReader,
+        b"5\r\n01234\r\n"
+        + b"10\r\n0123456789abcdef\r\n"
+        + b"0\r\n"
+        + b"Some: header\r\n\r\n",
+        [
+            Data(data=b"012340123456789abcdef"),
+            EndOfMessage(headers=[("Some", "header")]),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    t_body_reader(
+        ChunkedReader,
+        b"5\r\n01234\r\n" + b"10\r\n0123456789abcdef\r\n" + b"0\r\n\r\n",
+        [Data(data=b"012340123456789abcdef"), EndOfMessage()],
+    )
+
+    # handles upper and lowercase hex
+    t_body_reader(
+        ChunkedReader,
+        b"aA\r\n" + b"x" * 0xAA + b"\r\n" + b"0\r\n\r\n",
+        [Data(data=b"x" * 0xAA), EndOfMessage()],
+    )
+
+    # refuses arbitrarily long chunk integers
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        # Technically this is legal HTTP/1.1, but we refuse to process chunk
+        # sizes that don't fit into 20 characters of hex
+        t_body_reader(ChunkedReader, b"9" * 100 + b"\r\nxxx", [Data(data=b"xxx")])
+
+    # refuses garbage in the chunk count
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        t_body_reader(ChunkedReader, b"10\x00\r\nxxx", None)
+
+    # handles (and discards) "chunk extensions" omg wtf
+    t_body_reader(
+        ChunkedReader,
+        b"5; hello=there\r\n"
+        + b"xxxxx"
+        + b"\r\n"
+        + b'0; random="junk"; some=more; canbe=lonnnnngg\r\n\r\n',
+        [Data(data=b"xxxxx"), EndOfMessage()],
+    )
+
+
+def test_ContentLengthWriter():
+    w = ContentLengthWriter(5)
+    assert dowrite(w, Data(data=b"123")) == b"123"
+    assert dowrite(w, Data(data=b"45")) == b"45"
+    assert dowrite(w, EndOfMessage()) == b""
+
+    w = ContentLengthWriter(5)
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        dowrite(w, Data(data=b"123456"))
+
+    w = ContentLengthWriter(5)
+    dowrite(w, Data(data=b"123"))
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        dowrite(w, Data(data=b"456"))
+
+    w = ContentLengthWriter(5)
+    dowrite(w, Data(data=b"123"))
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        dowrite(w, EndOfMessage())
+
+    w = ContentLengthWriter(5)
+    dowrite(w, Data(data=b"123")) == b"123"
+    dowrite(w, Data(data=b"45")) == b"45"
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        dowrite(w, EndOfMessage(headers=[("Etag", "asdf")]))
+
+
+def test_ChunkedWriter():
+    w = ChunkedWriter()
+    assert dowrite(w, Data(data=b"aaa")) == b"3\r\naaa\r\n"
+    assert dowrite(w, Data(data=b"a" * 20)) == b"14\r\n" + b"a" * 20 + b"\r\n"
+
+    assert dowrite(w, Data(data=b"")) == b""
+
+    assert dowrite(w, EndOfMessage()) == b"0\r\n\r\n"
+
+    assert (
+        dowrite(w, EndOfMessage(headers=[("Etag", "asdf"), ("a", "b")]))
+        == b"0\r\nEtag: asdf\r\na: b\r\n\r\n"
+    )
+
+
+def test_Http10Writer():
+    w = Http10Writer()
+    assert dowrite(w, Data(data=b"1234")) == b"1234"
+    assert dowrite(w, EndOfMessage()) == b""
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        dowrite(w, EndOfMessage(headers=[("Etag", "asdf")]))
+
+
+def test_reject_garbage_after_request_line():
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tr(READERS[SERVER, SEND_RESPONSE], b"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\x00xxxx\r\n\r\n", None)
+
+
+def test_reject_garbage_after_response_line():
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tr(
+            READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+            b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.1 xxxxxx\r\n" b"Host: a\r\n\r\n",
+            None,
+        )
+
+
+def test_reject_garbage_in_header_line():
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        tr(
+            READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+            b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.1\r\n" b"Host: foo\x00bar\r\n\r\n",
+            None,
+        )
+
+
+def test_reject_non_vchar_in_path():
+    for bad_char in b"\x00\x20\x7f\xee":
+        message = bytearray(b"HEAD /")
+        message.append(bad_char)
+        message.extend(b" HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: foobar\r\n\r\n")
+        with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+            tr(READERS[CLIENT, IDLE], message, None)
+
+
+# https://github.com/python-hyper/h11/issues/57
+def test_allow_some_garbage_in_cookies():
+    tr(
+        READERS[CLIENT, IDLE],
+        b"HEAD /foo HTTP/1.1\r\n"
+        b"Host: foo\r\n"
+        b"Set-Cookie: ___utmvafIumyLc=kUd\x01UpAt; path=/; Max-Age=900\r\n"
+        b"\r\n",
+        Request(
+            method="HEAD",
+            target="/foo",
+            headers=[
+                ("Host", "foo"),
+                ("Set-Cookie", "___utmvafIumyLc=kUd\x01UpAt; path=/; Max-Age=900"),
+            ],
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+def test_host_comes_first():
+    tw(
+        write_headers,
+        normalize_and_validate([("foo", "bar"), ("Host", "example.com")]),
+        b"Host: example.com\r\nfoo: bar\r\n\r\n",
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_receivebuffer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_receivebuffer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a61f9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_receivebuffer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+import re
+
+import pytest
+
+from .._receivebuffer import ReceiveBuffer
+
+
+def test_receivebuffer():
+    b = ReceiveBuffer()
+    assert not b
+    assert len(b) == 0
+    assert bytes(b) == b""
+
+    b += b"123"
+    assert b
+    assert len(b) == 3
+    assert bytes(b) == b"123"
+
+    assert bytes(b) == b"123"
+
+    assert b.maybe_extract_at_most(2) == b"12"
+    assert b
+    assert len(b) == 1
+    assert bytes(b) == b"3"
+
+    assert bytes(b) == b"3"
+
+    assert b.maybe_extract_at_most(10) == b"3"
+    assert bytes(b) == b""
+
+    assert b.maybe_extract_at_most(10) is None
+    assert not b
+
+    ################################################################
+    # maybe_extract_until_next
+    ################################################################
+
+    b += b"123\n456\r\n789\r\n"
+
+    assert b.maybe_extract_next_line() == b"123\n456\r\n"
+    assert bytes(b) == b"789\r\n"
+
+    assert b.maybe_extract_next_line() == b"789\r\n"
+    assert bytes(b) == b""
+
+    b += b"12\r"
+    assert b.maybe_extract_next_line() is None
+    assert bytes(b) == b"12\r"
+
+    b += b"345\n\r"
+    assert b.maybe_extract_next_line() is None
+    assert bytes(b) == b"12\r345\n\r"
+
+    # here we stopped at the middle of b"\r\n" delimiter
+
+    b += b"\n6789aaa123\r\n"
+    assert b.maybe_extract_next_line() == b"12\r345\n\r\n"
+    assert b.maybe_extract_next_line() == b"6789aaa123\r\n"
+    assert b.maybe_extract_next_line() is None
+    assert bytes(b) == b""
+
+    ################################################################
+    # maybe_extract_lines
+    ################################################################
+
+    b += b"123\r\na: b\r\nfoo:bar\r\n\r\ntrailing"
+    lines = b.maybe_extract_lines()
+    assert lines == [b"123", b"a: b", b"foo:bar"]
+    assert bytes(b) == b"trailing"
+
+    assert b.maybe_extract_lines() is None
+
+    b += b"\r\n\r"
+    assert b.maybe_extract_lines() is None
+
+    assert b.maybe_extract_at_most(100) == b"trailing\r\n\r"
+    assert not b
+
+    # Empty body case (as happens at the end of chunked encoding if there are
+    # no trailing headers, e.g.)
+    b += b"\r\ntrailing"
+    assert b.maybe_extract_lines() == []
+    assert bytes(b) == b"trailing"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "data",
+    [
+        pytest.param(
+            (
+                b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n",
+                b"Content-type: text/plain\r\n",
+                b"Connection: close\r\n",
+                b"\r\n",
+                b"Some body",
+            ),
+            id="with_crlf_delimiter",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            (
+                b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n",
+                b"Content-type: text/plain\n",
+                b"Connection: close\n",
+                b"\n",
+                b"Some body",
+            ),
+            id="with_lf_only_delimiter",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            (
+                b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n",
+                b"Content-type: text/plain\r\n",
+                b"Connection: close\n",
+                b"\n",
+                b"Some body",
+            ),
+            id="with_mixed_crlf_and_lf",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_receivebuffer_for_invalid_delimiter(data):
+    b = ReceiveBuffer()
+
+    for line in data:
+        b += line
+
+    lines = b.maybe_extract_lines()
+
+    assert lines == [
+        b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK",
+        b"Content-type: text/plain",
+        b"Connection: close",
+    ]
+    assert bytes(b) == b"Some body"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_state.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_state.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efe83f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_state.py
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+import pytest
+
+from .._events import *
+from .._state import *
+from .._state import _SWITCH_CONNECT, _SWITCH_UPGRADE, ConnectionState
+from .._util import LocalProtocolError
+
+
+def test_ConnectionState():
+    cs = ConnectionState()
+
+    # Basic event-triggered transitions
+
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: IDLE, SERVER: IDLE}
+
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    # The SERVER-Request special case:
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: SEND_BODY, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+    # Illegal transitions raise an error and nothing happens
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: SEND_BODY, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, InformationalResponse)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: SEND_BODY, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, Response)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: SEND_BODY, SERVER: SEND_BODY}
+
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, EndOfMessage)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: DONE}
+
+    # State-triggered transition
+
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, ConnectionClosed)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: MUST_CLOSE, SERVER: CLOSED}
+
+
+def test_ConnectionState_keep_alive():
+    # keep_alive = False
+    cs = ConnectionState()
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    cs.process_keep_alive_disabled()
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: MUST_CLOSE, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, Response)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, EndOfMessage)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: MUST_CLOSE, SERVER: MUST_CLOSE}
+
+
+def test_ConnectionState_keep_alive_in_DONE():
+    # Check that if keep_alive is disabled when the CLIENT is already in DONE,
+    # then this is sufficient to immediately trigger the DONE -> MUST_CLOSE
+    # transition
+    cs = ConnectionState()
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+    assert cs.states[CLIENT] is DONE
+    cs.process_keep_alive_disabled()
+    assert cs.states[CLIENT] is MUST_CLOSE
+
+
+def test_ConnectionState_switch_denied():
+    for switch_type in (_SWITCH_CONNECT, _SWITCH_UPGRADE):
+        for deny_early in (True, False):
+            cs = ConnectionState()
+            cs.process_client_switch_proposal(switch_type)
+            cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+            cs.process_event(CLIENT, Data)
+            assert cs.states == {CLIENT: SEND_BODY, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+            assert switch_type in cs.pending_switch_proposals
+
+            if deny_early:
+                # before client reaches DONE
+                cs.process_event(SERVER, Response)
+                assert not cs.pending_switch_proposals
+
+            cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+
+            if deny_early:
+                assert cs.states == {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: SEND_BODY}
+            else:
+                assert cs.states == {
+                    CLIENT: MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL,
+                    SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE,
+                }
+
+                cs.process_event(SERVER, InformationalResponse)
+                assert cs.states == {
+                    CLIENT: MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL,
+                    SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE,
+                }
+
+                cs.process_event(SERVER, Response)
+                assert cs.states == {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: SEND_BODY}
+                assert not cs.pending_switch_proposals
+
+
+_response_type_for_switch = {
+    _SWITCH_UPGRADE: InformationalResponse,
+    _SWITCH_CONNECT: Response,
+    None: Response,
+}
+
+
+def test_ConnectionState_protocol_switch_accepted():
+    for switch_event in [_SWITCH_UPGRADE, _SWITCH_CONNECT]:
+        cs = ConnectionState()
+        cs.process_client_switch_proposal(switch_event)
+        cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+        cs.process_event(CLIENT, Data)
+        assert cs.states == {CLIENT: SEND_BODY, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+        cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+        assert cs.states == {CLIENT: MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+        cs.process_event(SERVER, InformationalResponse)
+        assert cs.states == {CLIENT: MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+        cs.process_event(SERVER, _response_type_for_switch[switch_event], switch_event)
+        assert cs.states == {CLIENT: SWITCHED_PROTOCOL, SERVER: SWITCHED_PROTOCOL}
+
+
+def test_ConnectionState_double_protocol_switch():
+    # CONNECT + Upgrade is legal! Very silly, but legal. So we support
+    # it. Because sometimes doing the silly thing is easier than not.
+    for server_switch in [None, _SWITCH_UPGRADE, _SWITCH_CONNECT]:
+        cs = ConnectionState()
+        cs.process_client_switch_proposal(_SWITCH_UPGRADE)
+        cs.process_client_switch_proposal(_SWITCH_CONNECT)
+        cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+        cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+        assert cs.states == {CLIENT: MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+        cs.process_event(
+            SERVER, _response_type_for_switch[server_switch], server_switch
+        )
+        if server_switch is None:
+            assert cs.states == {CLIENT: DONE, SERVER: SEND_BODY}
+        else:
+            assert cs.states == {CLIENT: SWITCHED_PROTOCOL, SERVER: SWITCHED_PROTOCOL}
+
+
+def test_ConnectionState_inconsistent_protocol_switch():
+    for client_switches, server_switch in [
+        ([], _SWITCH_CONNECT),
+        ([], _SWITCH_UPGRADE),
+        ([_SWITCH_UPGRADE], _SWITCH_CONNECT),
+        ([_SWITCH_CONNECT], _SWITCH_UPGRADE),
+    ]:
+        cs = ConnectionState()
+        for client_switch in client_switches:
+            cs.process_client_switch_proposal(client_switch)
+        cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+        with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+            cs.process_event(SERVER, Response, server_switch)
+
+
+def test_ConnectionState_keepalive_protocol_switch_interaction():
+    # keep_alive=False + pending_switch_proposals
+    cs = ConnectionState()
+    cs.process_client_switch_proposal(_SWITCH_UPGRADE)
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    cs.process_keep_alive_disabled()
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Data)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: SEND_BODY, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+    # the protocol switch "wins"
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL, SERVER: SEND_RESPONSE}
+
+    # but when the server denies the request, keep_alive comes back into play
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, Response)
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: MUST_CLOSE, SERVER: SEND_BODY}
+
+
+def test_ConnectionState_reuse():
+    cs = ConnectionState()
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        cs.start_next_cycle()
+
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        cs.start_next_cycle()
+
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, Response)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, EndOfMessage)
+
+    cs.start_next_cycle()
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: IDLE, SERVER: IDLE}
+
+    # No keepalive
+
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    cs.process_keep_alive_disabled()
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, Response)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, EndOfMessage)
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        cs.start_next_cycle()
+
+    # One side closed
+
+    cs = ConnectionState()
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, ConnectionClosed)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, Response)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, EndOfMessage)
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        cs.start_next_cycle()
+
+    # Succesful protocol switch
+
+    cs = ConnectionState()
+    cs.process_client_switch_proposal(_SWITCH_UPGRADE)
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, InformationalResponse, _SWITCH_UPGRADE)
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        cs.start_next_cycle()
+
+    # Failed protocol switch
+
+    cs = ConnectionState()
+    cs.process_client_switch_proposal(_SWITCH_UPGRADE)
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, Request)
+    cs.process_event(CLIENT, EndOfMessage)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, Response)
+    cs.process_event(SERVER, EndOfMessage)
+
+    cs.start_next_cycle()
+    assert cs.states == {CLIENT: IDLE, SERVER: IDLE}
+
+
+def test_server_request_is_illegal():
+    # There used to be a bug in how we handled the Request special case that
+    # made this allowed...
+    cs = ConnectionState()
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        cs.process_event(SERVER, Request)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d851bdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/h11/tests/test_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import re
+import sys
+import traceback
+
+import pytest
+
+from .._util import *
+
+
+def test_ProtocolError():
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        ProtocolError("abstract base class")
+
+
+def test_LocalProtocolError():
+    try:
+        raise LocalProtocolError("foo")
+    except LocalProtocolError as e:
+        assert str(e) == "foo"
+        assert e.error_status_hint == 400
+
+    try:
+        raise LocalProtocolError("foo", error_status_hint=418)
+    except LocalProtocolError as e:
+        assert str(e) == "foo"
+        assert e.error_status_hint == 418
+
+    def thunk():
+        raise LocalProtocolError("a", error_status_hint=420)
+
+    try:
+        try:
+            thunk()
+        except LocalProtocolError as exc1:
+            orig_traceback = "".join(traceback.format_tb(sys.exc_info()[2]))
+            exc1._reraise_as_remote_protocol_error()
+    except RemoteProtocolError as exc2:
+        assert type(exc2) is RemoteProtocolError
+        assert exc2.args == ("a",)
+        assert exc2.error_status_hint == 420
+        new_traceback = "".join(traceback.format_tb(sys.exc_info()[2]))
+        assert new_traceback.endswith(orig_traceback)
+
+
+def test_validate():
+    my_re = re.compile(br"(?P<group1>[0-9]+)\.(?P<group2>[0-9]+)")
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        validate(my_re, b"0.")
+
+    groups = validate(my_re, b"0.1")
+    assert groups == {"group1": b"0", "group2": b"1"}
+
+    # successful partial matches are an error - must match whole string
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        validate(my_re, b"0.1xx")
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError):
+        validate(my_re, b"0.1\n")
+
+
+def test_validate_formatting():
+    my_re = re.compile(br"foo")
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError) as excinfo:
+        validate(my_re, b"", "oops")
+    assert "oops" in str(excinfo.value)
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError) as excinfo:
+        validate(my_re, b"", "oops {}")
+    assert "oops {}" in str(excinfo.value)
+
+    with pytest.raises(LocalProtocolError) as excinfo:
+        validate(my_re, b"", "oops {} xx", 10)
+    assert "oops 10 xx" in str(excinfo.value)
+
+
+def test_make_sentinel():
+    S = make_sentinel("S")
+    assert repr(S) == "S"
+    assert S == S
+    assert type(S).__name__ == "S"
+    assert S in {S}
+    assert type(S) is S
+    S2 = make_sentinel("S2")
+    assert repr(S2) == "S2"
+    assert S != S2
+    assert S not in {S2}
+    assert type(S) is not type(S2)
+
+
+def test_bytesify():
+    assert bytesify(b"123") == b"123"
+    assert bytesify(bytearray(b"123")) == b"123"
+    assert bytesify("123") == b"123"
+
+    with pytest.raises(UnicodeEncodeError):
+        bytesify("\u1234")
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        bytesify(10)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/LICENSE.md b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/LICENSE.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..311b2b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/LICENSE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Copyright © 2020, [Encode OSS Ltd](https://www.encode.io/).
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+  list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+* Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+  contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+  this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf84d2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,422 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: httpcore
+Version: 0.13.7
+Summary: A minimal low-level HTTP client.
+Home-page: https://github.com/encode/httpcore
+Author: Tom Christie
+Author-email: tom@tomchristie.com
+License: BSD
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://www.encode.io/httpcore
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/encode/httpcore
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 3 - Alpha
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP
+Classifier: Framework :: AsyncIO
+Classifier: Framework :: Trio
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE.md
+Requires-Dist: h11 (<0.13,>=0.11)
+Requires-Dist: sniffio (==1.*)
+Requires-Dist: anyio (==3.*)
+Provides-Extra: http2
+Requires-Dist: h2 (<5,>=3) ; extra == 'http2'
+
+# HTTP Core
+
+[![Test Suite](https://github.com/encode/httpcore/workflows/Test%20Suite/badge.svg)](https://github.com/encode/httpcore/actions)
+[![Package version](https://badge.fury.io/py/httpcore.svg)](https://pypi.org/project/httpcore/)
+
+> *Do one thing, and do it well.*
+
+The HTTP Core package provides a minimal low-level HTTP client, which does
+one thing only. Sending HTTP requests.
+
+It does not provide any high level model abstractions over the API,
+does not handle redirects, multipart uploads, building authentication headers,
+transparent HTTP caching, URL parsing, session cookie handling,
+content or charset decoding, handling JSON, environment based configuration
+defaults, or any of that Jazz.
+
+Some things HTTP Core does do:
+
+* Sending HTTP requests.
+* Provides both sync and async interfaces.
+* Supports HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2.
+* Async backend support for `asyncio`, `trio` and `curio`.
+* Automatic connection pooling.
+* HTTP(S) proxy support.
+
+## Installation
+
+For HTTP/1.1 only support, install with...
+
+```shell
+$ pip install httpcore
+```
+
+For HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 support, install with...
+
+```shell
+$ pip install httpcore[http2]
+```
+
+## Quickstart
+
+Here's an example of making an HTTP GET request using `httpcore`...
+
+```python
+with httpcore.SyncConnectionPool() as http:
+    status_code, headers, stream, extensions = http.handle_request(
+        method=b'GET',
+        url=(b'https', b'example.org', 443, b'/'),
+        headers=[(b'host', b'example.org'), (b'user-agent', b'httpcore')],
+        stream=httpcore.ByteStream(b''),
+        extensions={}
+    )
+    body = stream.read()
+    print(status_code, body)
+```
+
+Or, using async...
+
+```python
+async with httpcore.AsyncConnectionPool() as http:
+    status_code, headers, stream, extensions = await http.handle_async_request(
+        method=b'GET',
+        url=(b'https', b'example.org', 443, b'/'),
+        headers=[(b'host', b'example.org'), (b'user-agent', b'httpcore')],
+        stream=httpcore.ByteStream(b''),
+        extensions={}
+    )
+    body = await stream.aread()
+    print(status_code, body)
+```
+
+## Motivation
+
+You probably don't want to be using HTTP Core directly. It might make sense if
+you're writing something like a proxy service in Python, and you just want
+something at the lowest possible level, but more typically you'll want to use
+a higher level client library, such as `httpx`.
+
+The motivation for `httpcore` is:
+
+* To provide a reusable low-level client library, that other packages can then build on top of.
+* To provide a *really clear interface split* between the networking code and client logic,
+  so that each is easier to understand and reason about in isolation.
+
+
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
+
+## 0.13.7 (September 13th, 2021)
+
+- Fix broken error messaging when URL scheme is missing, or a non HTTP(S) scheme is used. (Pull #403)
+
+## 0.13.6 (June 15th, 2021)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Close sockets when read or write timeouts occur. (Pull #365)
+
+## 0.13.5 (June 14th, 2021)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Resolved niggles with AnyIO EOF behaviours. (Pull #358, #362)
+
+## 0.13.4 (June 9th, 2021)
+
+### Added
+
+- Improved error messaging when URL scheme is missing, or a non HTTP(S) scheme is used. (Pull #354)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Switched to `anyio` as the default backend implementation when running with `asyncio`. Resolves some awkward [TLS timeout issues](https://github.com/encode/httpx/discussions/1511).
+
+## 0.13.3 (May 6th, 2021)
+
+### Added
+
+- Support HTTP/2 prior knowledge, using `httpcore.SyncConnectionPool(http1=False)`. (Pull #333)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Handle cases where environment does not provide `select.poll` support. (Pull #331)
+
+## 0.13.2 (April 29th, 2021)
+
+### Added
+
+- Improve error message for specific case of `RemoteProtocolError` where server disconnects without sending a response. (Pull #313)
+
+## 0.13.1 (April 28th, 2021)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- More resiliant testing for closed connections. (Pull #311)
+- Don't raise exceptions on ungraceful connection closes. (Pull #310)
+
+## 0.13.0 (April 21st, 2021)
+
+The 0.13 release updates the core API in order to match the HTTPX Transport API,
+introduced in HTTPX 0.18 onwards.
+
+An example of making requests with the new interface is:
+
+```python
+with httpcore.SyncConnectionPool() as http:
+    status_code, headers, stream, extensions = http.handle_request(
+        method=b'GET',
+        url=(b'https', b'example.org', 443, b'/'),
+        headers=[(b'host', b'example.org'), (b'user-agent', b'httpcore')]
+        stream=httpcore.ByteStream(b''),
+        extensions={}
+    )
+    body = stream.read()
+    print(status_code, body)
+```
+
+### Changed
+
+- The `.request()` method is now `handle_request()`. (Pull #296)
+- The `.arequest()` method is now `.handle_async_request()`. (Pull #296)
+- The `headers` argument is no longer optional. (Pull #296)
+- The `stream` argument is no longer optional. (Pull #296)
+- The `ext` argument is now named `extensions`, and is no longer optional. (Pull #296)
+- The `"reason"` extension keyword is now named `"reason_phrase"`. (Pull #296)
+- The `"reason_phrase"` and `"http_version"` extensions now use byte strings for their values. (Pull #296)
+- The `httpcore.PlainByteStream()` class becomes `httpcore.ByteStream()`. (Pull #296)
+
+### Added
+
+- Streams now support a `.read()` interface. (Pull #296)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Task cancelation no longer leaks connections from the connection pool. (Pull #305)
+
+## 0.12.3 (December 7th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Abort SSL connections on close rather than waiting for remote EOF when using `asyncio`.  (Pull #167)
+- Fix exception raised in case of connect timeouts when using the `anyio` backend. (Pull #236)
+- Fix `Host` header precedence for `:authority` in HTTP/2. (Pull #241, #243)
+- Handle extra edge case when detecting for socket readability when using `asyncio`. (Pull #242, #244)
+- Fix `asyncio` SSL warning when using proxy tunneling. (Pull #249)
+
+## 0.12.2 (November 20th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Properly wrap connect errors on the asyncio backend. (Pull #235)
+- Fix `ImportError` occurring on Python 3.9 when using the HTTP/1.1 sync client in a multithreaded context. (Pull #237)
+
+## 0.12.1 (November 7th, 2020)
+
+### Added
+
+- Add connect retries. (Pull #221)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Tweak detection of dropped connections, resolving an issue with open files limits on Linux. (Pull #185)
+- Avoid leaking connections when establishing an HTTP tunnel to a proxy has failed. (Pull #223)
+- Properly wrap OS errors when using `trio`. (Pull #225)
+
+## 0.12.0 (October 6th, 2020)
+
+### Changed
+
+- HTTP header casing is now preserved, rather than always sent in lowercase. (#216 and python-hyper/h11#104)
+
+### Added
+
+- Add Python 3.9 to officially supported versions.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Gracefully handle a stdlib asyncio bug when a connection is closed while it is in a paused-for-reading state. (#201)
+
+## 0.11.1 (September 28nd, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Add await to async semaphore release() coroutine (#197)
+- Drop incorrect curio classifier (#192)
+
+## 0.11.0 (September 22nd, 2020)
+
+The Transport API with 0.11.0 has a couple of significant changes.
+
+Firstly we've moved changed the request interface in order to allow extensions, which will later enable us to support features
+such as trailing headers, HTTP/2 server push, and CONNECT/Upgrade connections.
+
+The interface changes from:
+
+```python
+def request(method, url, headers, stream, timeout):
+    return (http_version, status_code, reason, headers, stream)
+```
+
+To instead including an optional dictionary of extensions on the request and response:
+
+```python
+def request(method, url, headers, stream, ext):
+    return (status_code, headers, stream, ext)
+```
+
+Having an open-ended extensions point will allow us to add later support for various optional features, that wouldn't otherwise be supported without these API changes.
+
+In particular:
+
+* Trailing headers support.
+* HTTP/2 Server Push
+* sendfile.
+* Exposing raw connection on CONNECT, Upgrade, HTTP/2 bi-di streaming.
+* Exposing debug information out of the API, including template name, template context.
+
+Currently extensions are limited to:
+
+* request: `timeout` - Optional. Timeout dictionary.
+* response: `http_version` - Optional. Include the HTTP version used on the response.
+* response: `reason` - Optional. Include the reason phrase used on the response. Only valid with HTTP/1.*.
+
+See https://github.com/encode/httpx/issues/1274#issuecomment-694884553 for the history behind this.
+
+Secondly, the async version of `request` is now namespaced as `arequest`.
+
+This allows concrete transports to support both sync and async implementations on the same class.
+
+### Added
+
+- Add curio support. (Pull #168)
+- Add anyio support, with `backend="anyio"`. (Pull #169)
+
+### Changed
+
+- Update the Transport API to use 'ext' for optional extensions. (Pull #190)
+- Update the Transport API to use `.request` and `.arequest` so implementations can support both sync and async. (Pull #189)
+
+## 0.10.2 (August 20th, 2020)
+
+### Added
+
+- Added Unix Domain Socket support. (Pull #139)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Always include the port on proxy CONNECT requests. (Pull #154)
+- Fix `max_keepalive_connections` configuration. (Pull #153)
+- Fixes behaviour in HTTP/1.1 where server disconnects can be used to signal the end of the response body. (Pull #164)
+
+## 0.10.1 (August 7th, 2020)
+
+- Include `max_keepalive_connections` on `AsyncHTTPProxy`/`SyncHTTPProxy` classes.
+
+## 0.10.0 (August 7th, 2020)
+
+The most notable change in the 0.10.0 release is that HTTP/2 support is now fully optional.
+
+Use either `pip install httpcore` for HTTP/1.1 support only, or `pip install httpcore[http2]` for HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 support.
+
+### Added
+
+- HTTP/2 support becomes optional. (Pull #121, #130)
+- Add `local_address=...` support. (Pull #100, #134)
+- Add `PlainByteStream`, `IteratorByteStream`, `AsyncIteratorByteStream`. The `AsyncByteSteam` and `SyncByteStream` classes are now pure interface classes. (#133)
+- Add `LocalProtocolError`, `RemoteProtocolError` exceptions. (Pull #129)
+- Add `UnsupportedProtocol` exception. (Pull #128)
+- Add `.get_connection_info()` method. (Pull #102, #137)
+- Add better TRACE logs. (Pull #101)
+
+### Changed
+
+- `max_keepalive` is deprecated in favour of `max_keepalive_connections`. (Pull #140)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Improve handling of server disconnects. (Pull #112)
+
+## 0.9.1 (May 27th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Proper host resolution for sync case, including IPv6 support. (Pull #97)
+- Close outstanding connections when connection pool is closed. (Pull #98)
+
+## 0.9.0 (May 21th, 2020)
+
+### Changed
+
+- URL port becomes an `Optional[int]` instead of `int`. (Pull #92)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Honor HTTP/2 max concurrent streams settings. (Pull #89, #90)
+- Remove incorrect debug log. (Pull #83)
+
+## 0.8.4 (May 11th, 2020)
+
+### Added
+
+- Logging via HTTPCORE_LOG_LEVEL and HTTPX_LOG_LEVEL environment variables
+and TRACE level logging. (Pull #79)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Reuse of connections on HTTP/2 in close concurrency situations. (Pull #81)
+
+## 0.8.3 (May 6rd, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Include `Host` and `Accept` headers on proxy "CONNECT" requests.
+- De-duplicate any headers also contained in proxy_headers.
+- HTTP/2 flag not being passed down to proxy connections.
+
+## 0.8.2 (May 3rd, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Fix connections using proxy forwarding requests not being added to the
+connection pool properly. (Pull #70)
+
+## 0.8.1 (April 30th, 2020)
+
+### Changed
+
+- Allow inherintance of both `httpcore.AsyncByteStream`, `httpcore.SyncByteStream` without type conflicts.
+
+## 0.8.0 (April 30th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Fixed tunnel proxy support.
+
+### Added
+
+- New `TimeoutException` base class.
+
+## 0.7.0 (March 5th, 2020)
+
+- First integration with HTTPX.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc74147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/LICENSE.md,sha256=_ctZFUx0y6uhahEkL3dAvqnyPW_rVUeRfYxflKgDkqU,1518
+httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=AD2A2icHFW5_CQo9WqHR3vmKaeTFXZkW2Zi_6gbFSJ8,13025
+httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/RECORD,,
+httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ewwEueio1C2XeHTvT17n8dZUJgOvyCWCt0WVNLClP9o,92
+httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=kYeSB6l1hBNp7JwgSwLajcsxRlrSCVKOhYKSkdgx798,59
+httpcore/__init__.py,sha256=udEv1w02RmsdoGNMPCxH1hOcZTFiEBXsnnNUoizC4Po,1656
+httpcore/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/__pycache__/_bytestreams.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/__pycache__/_exceptions.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/__pycache__/_threadlock.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/__pycache__/_types.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/__pycache__/_utils.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_async/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+httpcore/_async/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_async/__pycache__/base.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_async/__pycache__/connection.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_async/__pycache__/connection_pool.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_async/__pycache__/http.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_async/__pycache__/http11.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_async/__pycache__/http2.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_async/__pycache__/http_proxy.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_async/base.py,sha256=uhEgVbp_560r6-80PRxK6jjV4OSuzYdbWY26K_OARC8,3264
+httpcore/_async/connection.py,sha256=ORhAgJVzI5PrQNU9w0ecsSiDsF0IuIUwKLQSkmBUajY,8350
+httpcore/_async/connection_pool.py,sha256=s5Ff430j36OL3lnJNzEHShNgMhJoQ9cSO03s11Gvl6U,13146
+httpcore/_async/http.py,sha256=6CG3ZiBXXxR-kGCpdyOWHuMTcgfp-ajPxkdAdMFf8Og,1285
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+httpcore/_async/http_proxy.py,sha256=yDD8hXHtVHU8gLT_9VBPhgHfF0ebB6DOPlbjiuH6Viw,10004
+httpcore/_backends/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+httpcore/_backends/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_backends/__pycache__/anyio.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_backends/__pycache__/asyncio.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_backends/__pycache__/auto.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_backends/__pycache__/base.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_backends/__pycache__/curio.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_backends/__pycache__/sync.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_backends/__pycache__/trio.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_backends/anyio.py,sha256=OL7llxbbOv2pkzA5hjQR4mW0SLgDUEuJK0x_mD97Nu0,6317
+httpcore/_backends/asyncio.py,sha256=rg9-BCdRqD65_4EC6U0D-jMXkK4oV_PbYfPBeYptYj0,10700
+httpcore/_backends/auto.py,sha256=DhL7k6Iww7qkugkpeBzPQq4mySCCb9G_PK-w_zOqVUc,2211
+httpcore/_backends/base.py,sha256=hmAUxgADI-fmWciRs4iBxa0A2E-avawuaOWocX_A9nM,3796
+httpcore/_backends/curio.py,sha256=Zr3mfo7q8wpfkzXv3atEyAkbB-4NtndYWw56gEh7kDQ,6230
+httpcore/_backends/sync.py,sha256=W9WQq2lLOqZ1IhirZATFDDvKVWAdSJjeNja_vwZIg8E,5494
+httpcore/_backends/trio.py,sha256=nwEuP6_xIIFy6vqBs0XXxfqROk99GnDyLhiOIsJHcsQ,6818
+httpcore/_bytestreams.py,sha256=aZQvmevkf27rgnwMwumkOpzK5GBSwbe1WTTnkNvS910,2430
+httpcore/_exceptions.py,sha256=xieninAoG-IeEIma6OIjNDlUfUAYyH_Hx652U2RVKws,1115
+httpcore/_sync/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+httpcore/_sync/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_sync/__pycache__/base.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_sync/__pycache__/connection.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_sync/__pycache__/connection_pool.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_sync/__pycache__/http.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_sync/__pycache__/http11.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_sync/__pycache__/http2.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_sync/__pycache__/http_proxy.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpcore/_sync/base.py,sha256=HeUz5H5t_WN4GDpwhz6hCsgL75JJnXwo8Jn9Ms3m1NM,3167
+httpcore/_sync/connection.py,sha256=DeE7z9ky3CyQUl9lD72O2bcawzv-zKbZ7RTq6UrRe4A,8231
+httpcore/_sync/connection_pool.py,sha256=6cUbHjaK5cfs4rWVN7F4hOxk2IxIp1C5bfVHieSINlM,12866
+httpcore/_sync/http.py,sha256=Dhcrb6AqgHyh18QFq1NysUS-6W5z6-guFMwwC6lVwAg,1274
+httpcore/_sync/http11.py,sha256=hhlEv95rfDr-vJW5OSwTvqthkGNYH9a6jc6p1RrGoJ8,9209
+httpcore/_sync/http2.py,sha256=JdLSySBTzkOnZ4KQzfaQOZYrsinHeTScJnuKBEyfGP4,16727
+httpcore/_sync/http_proxy.py,sha256=p8zuucWqny1nhP3qVPmGdUwUF8jNq2Yf-IM6S5Bf-QE,9869
+httpcore/_threadlock.py,sha256=Xc-WeI8tDh2Ivt7Chblv3HmhbBgZXKMo5SMneXjZDCE,813
+httpcore/_types.py,sha256=97NJ04exPaPoYZB_y4eV4qYfqeyr9XE-zYqkGEAaGuI,331
+httpcore/_utils.py,sha256=goElgq6cnQR0HSJI32taOi-gAJKO3Lr_kCJ0VHPv-XM,3691
+httpcore/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..613e435
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore-0.13.7.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+httpcore
+httpcore/_async
+httpcore/_backends
+httpcore/_sync
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ddc6d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+from ._async.base import AsyncByteStream, AsyncHTTPTransport
+from ._async.connection_pool import AsyncConnectionPool
+from ._async.http_proxy import AsyncHTTPProxy
+from ._bytestreams import AsyncIteratorByteStream, ByteStream, IteratorByteStream
+from ._exceptions import (
+    CloseError,
+    ConnectError,
+    ConnectTimeout,
+    LocalProtocolError,
+    NetworkError,
+    PoolTimeout,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ProxyError,
+    ReadError,
+    ReadTimeout,
+    RemoteProtocolError,
+    TimeoutException,
+    UnsupportedProtocol,
+    WriteError,
+    WriteTimeout,
+)
+from ._sync.base import SyncByteStream, SyncHTTPTransport
+from ._sync.connection_pool import SyncConnectionPool
+from ._sync.http_proxy import SyncHTTPProxy
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AsyncByteStream",
+    "AsyncConnectionPool",
+    "AsyncHTTPProxy",
+    "AsyncHTTPTransport",
+    "AsyncIteratorByteStream",
+    "ByteStream",
+    "CloseError",
+    "ConnectError",
+    "ConnectTimeout",
+    "IteratorByteStream",
+    "LocalProtocolError",
+    "NetworkError",
+    "PoolTimeout",
+    "ProtocolError",
+    "ProxyError",
+    "ReadError",
+    "ReadTimeout",
+    "RemoteProtocolError",
+    "SyncByteStream",
+    "SyncConnectionPool",
+    "SyncHTTPProxy",
+    "SyncHTTPTransport",
+    "TimeoutException",
+    "UnsupportedProtocol",
+    "WriteError",
+    "WriteTimeout",
+]
+__version__ = "0.13.7"
+
+__locals = locals()
+
+for _name in __all__:
+    if not _name.startswith("__"):
+        # Save original source module, used by Sphinx.
+        __locals[_name].__source_module__ = __locals[_name].__module__
+        # Override module for prettier repr().
+        setattr(__locals[_name], "__module__", "httpcore")  # noqa
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b3961c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+import enum
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import AsyncIterator, Tuple, Type
+
+from .._types import URL, Headers, T
+
+
+class NewConnectionRequired(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class ConnectionState(enum.IntEnum):
+    """
+    PENDING  READY
+        |    |   ^
+        v    V   |
+        ACTIVE   |
+         |  |    |
+         |  V    |
+         V  IDLE-+
+       FULL   |
+         |    |
+         V    V
+         CLOSED
+    """
+
+    PENDING = 0  # Connection not yet acquired.
+    READY = 1  # Re-acquired from pool, about to send a request.
+    ACTIVE = 2  # Active requests.
+    FULL = 3  # Active requests, no more stream IDs available.
+    IDLE = 4  # No active requests.
+    CLOSED = 5  # Connection closed.
+
+
+class AsyncByteStream:
+    """
+    The base interface for request and response bodies.
+
+    Concrete implementations should subclass this class, and implement
+    the :meth:`__aiter__` method, and optionally the :meth:`aclose` method.
+    """
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        """
+        Yield bytes representing the request or response body.
+        """
+        yield b""  # pragma: nocover
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Must be called by the client to indicate that the stream has been closed.
+        """
+        pass  # pragma: nocover
+
+    async def aread(self) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            return b"".join([part async for part in self])
+        finally:
+            await self.aclose()
+
+
+class AsyncHTTPTransport:
+    """
+    The base interface for sending HTTP requests.
+
+    Concrete implementations should subclass this class, and implement
+    the :meth:`handle_async_request` method, and optionally the :meth:`aclose` method.
+    """
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, AsyncByteStream, dict]:
+        """
+        The interface for sending a single HTTP request, and returning a response.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        method:
+            The HTTP method, such as ``b'GET'``.
+        url:
+            The URL as a 4-tuple of (scheme, host, port, path).
+        headers:
+            Any HTTP headers to send with the request.
+        stream:
+            The body of the HTTP request.
+        extensions:
+            A dictionary of optional extensions.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        status_code:
+            The HTTP status code, such as ``200``.
+        headers:
+            Any HTTP headers included on the response.
+        stream:
+            The body of the HTTP response.
+        extensions:
+            A dictionary of optional extensions.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the implementation, which should close any outstanding response streams,
+        and any keep alive connections.
+        """
+
+    async def __aenter__(self: T) -> T:
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        await self.aclose()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/connection.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2add4d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, cast
+
+from .._backends.auto import AsyncBackend, AsyncLock, AsyncSocketStream, AutoBackend
+from .._exceptions import ConnectError, ConnectTimeout
+from .._types import URL, Headers, Origin, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import exponential_backoff, get_logger, url_to_origin
+from .base import AsyncByteStream, AsyncHTTPTransport, NewConnectionRequired
+from .http import AsyncBaseHTTPConnection
+from .http11 import AsyncHTTP11Connection
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+RETRIES_BACKOFF_FACTOR = 0.5  # 0s, 0.5s, 1s, 2s, 4s, etc.
+
+
+class AsyncHTTPConnection(AsyncHTTPTransport):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        origin: Origin,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        keepalive_expiry: float = None,
+        uds: str = None,
+        ssl_context: SSLContext = None,
+        socket: AsyncSocketStream = None,
+        local_address: str = None,
+        retries: int = 0,
+        backend: AsyncBackend = None,
+    ):
+        self.origin = origin
+        self._http1_enabled = http1
+        self._http2_enabled = http2
+        self._keepalive_expiry = keepalive_expiry
+        self._uds = uds
+        self._ssl_context = SSLContext() if ssl_context is None else ssl_context
+        self.socket = socket
+        self._local_address = local_address
+        self._retries = retries
+
+        alpn_protocols: List[str] = []
+        if http1:
+            alpn_protocols.append("http/1.1")
+        if http2:
+            alpn_protocols.append("h2")
+
+        self._ssl_context.set_alpn_protocols(alpn_protocols)
+
+        self.connection: Optional[AsyncBaseHTTPConnection] = None
+        self._is_http11 = False
+        self._is_http2 = False
+        self._connect_failed = False
+        self._expires_at: Optional[float] = None
+        self._backend = AutoBackend() if backend is None else backend
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<AsyncHTTPConnection [{self.info()}]>"
+
+    def info(self) -> str:
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return "Connection failed" if self._connect_failed else "Connecting"
+        return self.connection.info()
+
+    def should_close(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is in a state where it should be closed.
+        This occurs when any of the following occur:
+
+        * There are no active requests on an HTTP/1.1 connection, and the underlying
+          socket is readable. The only valid state the socket can be readable in
+          if this occurs is when the b"" EOF marker is about to be returned,
+          indicating a server disconnect.
+        * There are no active requests being made and the keepalive timeout has passed.
+        """
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return False
+        return self.connection.should_close()
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle.
+        """
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return False
+        return self.connection.is_idle()
+
+    def is_closed(self) -> bool:
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return self._connect_failed
+        return self.connection.is_closed()
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently able to accept an outgoing request.
+        This occurs when any of the following occur:
+
+        * The connection has not yet been opened, and HTTP/2 support is enabled.
+          We don't *know* at this point if we'll end up on an HTTP/2 connection or
+          not, but we *might* do, so we indicate availability.
+        * The connection has been opened, and is currently idle.
+        * The connection is open, and is an HTTP/2 connection. The connection must
+          also not currently be exceeding the maximum number of allowable concurrent
+          streams and must not have exhausted the maximum total number of stream IDs.
+        """
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return self._http2_enabled and not self.is_closed
+        return self.connection.is_available()
+
+    @property
+    def request_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_request_lock"):
+            self._request_lock = self._backend.create_lock()
+        return self._request_lock
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, AsyncByteStream, dict]:
+        assert url_to_origin(url) == self.origin
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        async with self.request_lock:
+            if self.connection is None:
+                if self._connect_failed:
+                    raise NewConnectionRequired()
+                if not self.socket:
+                    logger.trace(
+                        "open_socket origin=%r timeout=%r", self.origin, timeout
+                    )
+                    self.socket = await self._open_socket(timeout)
+                self._create_connection(self.socket)
+            elif not self.connection.is_available():
+                raise NewConnectionRequired()
+
+        assert self.connection is not None
+        logger.trace(
+            "connection.handle_async_request method=%r url=%r headers=%r",
+            method,
+            url,
+            headers,
+        )
+        return await self.connection.handle_async_request(
+            method, url, headers, stream, extensions
+        )
+
+    async def _open_socket(self, timeout: TimeoutDict = None) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        scheme, hostname, port = self.origin
+        timeout = {} if timeout is None else timeout
+        ssl_context = self._ssl_context if scheme == b"https" else None
+
+        retries_left = self._retries
+        delays = exponential_backoff(factor=RETRIES_BACKOFF_FACTOR)
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                if self._uds is None:
+                    return await self._backend.open_tcp_stream(
+                        hostname,
+                        port,
+                        ssl_context,
+                        timeout,
+                        local_address=self._local_address,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    return await self._backend.open_uds_stream(
+                        self._uds, hostname, ssl_context, timeout
+                    )
+            except (ConnectError, ConnectTimeout):
+                if retries_left <= 0:
+                    self._connect_failed = True
+                    raise
+                retries_left -= 1
+                delay = next(delays)
+                await self._backend.sleep(delay)
+            except Exception:  # noqa: PIE786
+                self._connect_failed = True
+                raise
+
+    def _create_connection(self, socket: AsyncSocketStream) -> None:
+        http_version = socket.get_http_version()
+        logger.trace(
+            "create_connection socket=%r http_version=%r", socket, http_version
+        )
+        if http_version == "HTTP/2" or (
+            self._http2_enabled and not self._http1_enabled
+        ):
+            from .http2 import AsyncHTTP2Connection
+
+            self._is_http2 = True
+            self.connection = AsyncHTTP2Connection(
+                socket=socket,
+                keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+                backend=self._backend,
+            )
+        else:
+            self._is_http11 = True
+            self.connection = AsyncHTTP11Connection(
+                socket=socket, keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry
+            )
+
+    async def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict = None
+    ) -> None:
+        if self.connection is not None:
+            logger.trace("start_tls hostname=%r timeout=%r", hostname, timeout)
+            self.socket = await self.connection.start_tls(
+                hostname, ssl_context, timeout
+            )
+            logger.trace("start_tls complete hostname=%r timeout=%r", hostname, timeout)
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        async with self.request_lock:
+            if self.connection is not None:
+                await self.connection.aclose()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/connection_pool.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/connection_pool.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0902ac2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/connection_pool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+import warnings
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import (
+    AsyncIterator,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from .._backends.auto import AsyncBackend, AsyncLock, AsyncSemaphore
+from .._backends.base import lookup_async_backend
+from .._exceptions import LocalProtocolError, PoolTimeout, UnsupportedProtocol
+from .._threadlock import ThreadLock
+from .._types import URL, Headers, Origin, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import get_logger, origin_to_url_string, url_to_origin
+from .base import AsyncByteStream, AsyncHTTPTransport, NewConnectionRequired
+from .connection import AsyncHTTPConnection
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+class NullSemaphore(AsyncSemaphore):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    async def acquire(self, timeout: float = None) -> None:
+        return
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        return
+
+
+class ResponseByteStream(AsyncByteStream):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        connection: AsyncHTTPConnection,
+        callback: Callable,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        A wrapper around the response stream that we return from
+        `.handle_async_request()`.
+
+        Ensures that when `stream.aclose()` is called, the connection pool
+        is notified via a callback.
+        """
+        self.stream = stream
+        self.connection = connection
+        self.callback = callback
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        async for chunk in self.stream:
+            yield chunk
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            # Call the underlying stream close callback.
+            # This will be a call to `AsyncHTTP11Connection._response_closed()`
+            # or `AsyncHTTP2Stream._response_closed()`.
+            await self.stream.aclose()
+        finally:
+            # Call the connection pool close callback.
+            # This will be a call to `AsyncConnectionPool._response_closed()`.
+            await self.callback(self.connection)
+
+
+class AsyncConnectionPool(AsyncHTTPTransport):
+    """
+    A connection pool for making HTTP requests.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ssl_context:
+        An SSL context to use for verifying connections.
+    max_connections:
+        The maximum number of concurrent connections to allow.
+    max_keepalive_connections:
+        The maximum number of connections to allow before closing keep-alive
+        connections.
+    keepalive_expiry:
+        The maximum time to allow before closing a keep-alive connection.
+    http1:
+        Enable/Disable HTTP/1.1 support. Defaults to True.
+    http2:
+        Enable/Disable HTTP/2 support. Defaults to False.
+    uds:
+        Path to a Unix Domain Socket to use instead of TCP sockets.
+    local_address:
+        Local address to connect from. Can also be used to connect using a particular
+        address family. Using ``local_address="0.0.0.0"`` will connect using an
+        ``AF_INET`` address (IPv4), while using ``local_address="::"`` will connect
+        using an ``AF_INET6`` address (IPv6).
+    retries:
+        The maximum number of retries when trying to establish a connection.
+    backend:
+        A name indicating which concurrency backend to use.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        ssl_context: SSLContext = None,
+        max_connections: int = None,
+        max_keepalive_connections: int = None,
+        keepalive_expiry: float = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        uds: str = None,
+        local_address: str = None,
+        retries: int = 0,
+        max_keepalive: int = None,
+        backend: Union[AsyncBackend, str] = "auto",
+    ):
+        if max_keepalive is not None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "'max_keepalive' is deprecated. Use 'max_keepalive_connections'.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            max_keepalive_connections = max_keepalive
+
+        if isinstance(backend, str):
+            backend = lookup_async_backend(backend)
+
+        self._ssl_context = SSLContext() if ssl_context is None else ssl_context
+        self._max_connections = max_connections
+        self._max_keepalive_connections = max_keepalive_connections
+        self._keepalive_expiry = keepalive_expiry
+        self._http1 = http1
+        self._http2 = http2
+        self._uds = uds
+        self._local_address = local_address
+        self._retries = retries
+        self._connections: Dict[Origin, Set[AsyncHTTPConnection]] = {}
+        self._thread_lock = ThreadLock()
+        self._backend = backend
+        self._next_keepalive_check = 0.0
+
+        if not (http1 or http2):
+            raise ValueError("Either http1 or http2 must be True.")
+
+        if http2:
+            try:
+                import h2  # noqa: F401
+            except ImportError:
+                raise ImportError(
+                    "Attempted to use http2=True, but the 'h2' "
+                    "package is not installed. Use 'pip install httpcore[http2]'."
+                )
+
+    @property
+    def _connection_semaphore(self) -> AsyncSemaphore:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_internal_semaphore"):
+            if self._max_connections is not None:
+                self._internal_semaphore = self._backend.create_semaphore(
+                    self._max_connections, exc_class=PoolTimeout
+                )
+            else:
+                self._internal_semaphore = NullSemaphore()
+
+        return self._internal_semaphore
+
+    @property
+    def _connection_acquiry_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_internal_connection_acquiry_lock"):
+            self._internal_connection_acquiry_lock = self._backend.create_lock()
+        return self._internal_connection_acquiry_lock
+
+    def _create_connection(
+        self,
+        origin: Tuple[bytes, bytes, int],
+    ) -> AsyncHTTPConnection:
+        return AsyncHTTPConnection(
+            origin=origin,
+            http1=self._http1,
+            http2=self._http2,
+            keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+            uds=self._uds,
+            ssl_context=self._ssl_context,
+            local_address=self._local_address,
+            retries=self._retries,
+            backend=self._backend,
+        )
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, AsyncByteStream, dict]:
+        if not url[0]:
+            raise UnsupportedProtocol(
+                "Request URL missing either an 'http://' or 'https://' protocol."
+            )
+
+        if url[0] not in (b"http", b"https"):
+            protocol = url[0].decode("ascii")
+            raise UnsupportedProtocol(
+                f"Request URL has an unsupported protocol '{protocol}://'."
+            )
+
+        if not url[1]:
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Missing hostname in URL.")
+
+        origin = url_to_origin(url)
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        await self._keepalive_sweep()
+
+        connection: Optional[AsyncHTTPConnection] = None
+        while connection is None:
+            async with self._connection_acquiry_lock:
+                # We get-or-create a connection as an atomic operation, to ensure
+                # that HTTP/2 requests issued in close concurrency will end up
+                # on the same connection.
+                logger.trace("get_connection_from_pool=%r", origin)
+                connection = await self._get_connection_from_pool(origin)
+
+                if connection is None:
+                    connection = self._create_connection(origin=origin)
+                    logger.trace("created connection=%r", connection)
+                    await self._add_to_pool(connection, timeout=timeout)
+                else:
+                    logger.trace("reuse connection=%r", connection)
+
+            try:
+                response = await connection.handle_async_request(
+                    method, url, headers=headers, stream=stream, extensions=extensions
+                )
+            except NewConnectionRequired:
+                connection = None
+            except BaseException:  # noqa: PIE786
+                # See https://github.com/encode/httpcore/pull/305 for motivation
+                # behind catching 'BaseException' rather than 'Exception' here.
+                logger.trace("remove from pool connection=%r", connection)
+                await self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+                raise
+
+        status_code, headers, stream, extensions = response
+        wrapped_stream = ResponseByteStream(
+            stream, connection=connection, callback=self._response_closed
+        )
+        return status_code, headers, wrapped_stream, extensions
+
+    async def _get_connection_from_pool(
+        self, origin: Origin
+    ) -> Optional[AsyncHTTPConnection]:
+        # Determine expired keep alive connections on this origin.
+        reuse_connection = None
+        connections_to_close = set()
+
+        for connection in self._connections_for_origin(origin):
+            if connection.should_close():
+                connections_to_close.add(connection)
+                await self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+            elif connection.is_available():
+                reuse_connection = connection
+
+        # Close any dropped connections.
+        for connection in connections_to_close:
+            await connection.aclose()
+
+        return reuse_connection
+
+    async def _response_closed(self, connection: AsyncHTTPConnection) -> None:
+        remove_from_pool = False
+        close_connection = False
+
+        if connection.is_closed():
+            remove_from_pool = True
+        elif connection.is_idle():
+            num_connections = len(self._get_all_connections())
+            if (
+                self._max_keepalive_connections is not None
+                and num_connections > self._max_keepalive_connections
+            ):
+                remove_from_pool = True
+                close_connection = True
+
+        if remove_from_pool:
+            await self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+
+        if close_connection:
+            await connection.aclose()
+
+    async def _keepalive_sweep(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Remove any IDLE connections that have expired past their keep-alive time.
+        """
+        if self._keepalive_expiry is None:
+            return
+
+        now = await self._backend.time()
+        if now < self._next_keepalive_check:
+            return
+
+        self._next_keepalive_check = now + min(1.0, self._keepalive_expiry)
+        connections_to_close = set()
+
+        for connection in self._get_all_connections():
+            if connection.should_close():
+                connections_to_close.add(connection)
+                await self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+
+        for connection in connections_to_close:
+            await connection.aclose()
+
+    async def _add_to_pool(
+        self, connection: AsyncHTTPConnection, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        logger.trace("adding connection to pool=%r", connection)
+        await self._connection_semaphore.acquire(timeout=timeout.get("pool", None))
+        async with self._thread_lock:
+            self._connections.setdefault(connection.origin, set())
+            self._connections[connection.origin].add(connection)
+
+    async def _remove_from_pool(self, connection: AsyncHTTPConnection) -> None:
+        logger.trace("removing connection from pool=%r", connection)
+        async with self._thread_lock:
+            if connection in self._connections.get(connection.origin, set()):
+                await self._connection_semaphore.release()
+                self._connections[connection.origin].remove(connection)
+                if not self._connections[connection.origin]:
+                    del self._connections[connection.origin]
+
+    def _connections_for_origin(self, origin: Origin) -> Set[AsyncHTTPConnection]:
+        return set(self._connections.get(origin, set()))
+
+    def _get_all_connections(self) -> Set[AsyncHTTPConnection]:
+        connections: Set[AsyncHTTPConnection] = set()
+        for connection_set in self._connections.values():
+            connections |= connection_set
+        return connections
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        connections = self._get_all_connections()
+        for connection in connections:
+            await self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+
+        # Close all connections
+        for connection in connections:
+            await connection.aclose()
+
+    async def get_connection_info(self) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
+        """
+        Returns a dict of origin URLs to a list of summary strings for each connection.
+        """
+        await self._keepalive_sweep()
+
+        stats = {}
+        for origin, connections in self._connections.items():
+            stats[origin_to_url_string(origin)] = sorted(
+                [connection.info() for connection in connections]
+            )
+        return stats
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06270f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from ssl import SSLContext
+
+from .._backends.auto import AsyncSocketStream
+from .._types import TimeoutDict
+from .base import AsyncHTTPTransport
+
+
+class AsyncBaseHTTPConnection(AsyncHTTPTransport):
+    def info(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def should_close(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is in a state where it should be closed.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def is_closed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection has been closed.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently able to accept an outgoing request.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    async def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict = None
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        """
+        Upgrade the underlying socket to TLS.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http11.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http11.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a265657
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http11.py
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+import enum
+import time
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import AsyncIterator, List, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+import h11
+
+from .._backends.auto import AsyncSocketStream
+from .._bytestreams import AsyncIteratorByteStream
+from .._exceptions import LocalProtocolError, RemoteProtocolError, map_exceptions
+from .._types import URL, Headers, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import get_logger
+from .base import AsyncByteStream, NewConnectionRequired
+from .http import AsyncBaseHTTPConnection
+
+H11Event = Union[
+    h11.Request,
+    h11.Response,
+    h11.InformationalResponse,
+    h11.Data,
+    h11.EndOfMessage,
+    h11.ConnectionClosed,
+]
+
+
+class ConnectionState(enum.IntEnum):
+    NEW = 0
+    ACTIVE = 1
+    IDLE = 2
+    CLOSED = 3
+
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+class AsyncHTTP11Connection(AsyncBaseHTTPConnection):
+    READ_NUM_BYTES = 64 * 1024
+
+    def __init__(self, socket: AsyncSocketStream, keepalive_expiry: float = None):
+        self.socket = socket
+
+        self._keepalive_expiry: Optional[float] = keepalive_expiry
+        self._should_expire_at: Optional[float] = None
+        self._h11_state = h11.Connection(our_role=h11.CLIENT)
+        self._state = ConnectionState.NEW
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<AsyncHTTP11Connection [{self._state.name}]>"
+
+    def _now(self) -> float:
+        return time.monotonic()
+
+    def _server_disconnected(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return True if the connection is idle, and the underlying socket is readable.
+        The only valid state the socket can be readable here is when the b""
+        EOF marker is about to be returned, indicating a server disconnect.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE and self.socket.is_readable()
+
+    def _keepalive_expired(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return True if the connection is idle, and has passed it's keepalive
+        expiry time.
+        """
+        return (
+            self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+            and self._should_expire_at is not None
+            and self._now() >= self._should_expire_at
+        )
+
+    def info(self) -> str:
+        return f"HTTP/1.1, {self._state.name}"
+
+    def should_close(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is in a state where it should be closed.
+        """
+        return self._server_disconnected() or self._keepalive_expired()
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+
+    def is_closed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection has been closed.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.CLOSED
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently able to accept an outgoing request.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, AsyncByteStream, dict]:
+        """
+        Send a single HTTP/1.1 request.
+
+        Note that there is no kind of task/thread locking at this layer of interface.
+        Dealing with locking for concurrency is handled by the `AsyncHTTPConnection`.
+        """
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        if self._state in (ConnectionState.NEW, ConnectionState.IDLE):
+            self._state = ConnectionState.ACTIVE
+            self._should_expire_at = None
+        else:
+            raise NewConnectionRequired()
+
+        await self._send_request(method, url, headers, timeout)
+        await self._send_request_body(stream, timeout)
+        (
+            http_version,
+            status_code,
+            reason_phrase,
+            headers,
+        ) = await self._receive_response(timeout)
+        response_stream = AsyncIteratorByteStream(
+            aiterator=self._receive_response_data(timeout),
+            aclose_func=self._response_closed,
+        )
+        extensions = {
+            "http_version": http_version,
+            "reason_phrase": reason_phrase,
+        }
+        return (status_code, headers, response_stream, extensions)
+
+    async def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict = None
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        timeout = {} if timeout is None else timeout
+        self.socket = await self.socket.start_tls(hostname, ssl_context, timeout)
+        return self.socket
+
+    async def _send_request(
+        self, method: bytes, url: URL, headers: Headers, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Send the request line and headers.
+        """
+        logger.trace("send_request method=%r url=%r headers=%s", method, url, headers)
+        _scheme, _host, _port, target = url
+        with map_exceptions({h11.LocalProtocolError: LocalProtocolError}):
+            event = h11.Request(method=method, target=target, headers=headers)
+        await self._send_event(event, timeout)
+
+    async def _send_request_body(
+        self, stream: AsyncByteStream, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Send the request body.
+        """
+        # Send the request body.
+        async for chunk in stream:
+            logger.trace("send_data=Data(<%d bytes>)", len(chunk))
+            event = h11.Data(data=chunk)
+            await self._send_event(event, timeout)
+
+        # Finalize sending the request.
+        event = h11.EndOfMessage()
+        await self._send_event(event, timeout)
+
+    async def _send_event(self, event: H11Event, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a single `h11` event to the network, waiting for the data to
+        drain before returning.
+        """
+        bytes_to_send = self._h11_state.send(event)
+        await self.socket.write(bytes_to_send, timeout)
+
+    async def _receive_response(
+        self, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> Tuple[bytes, int, bytes, List[Tuple[bytes, bytes]]]:
+        """
+        Read the response status and headers from the network.
+        """
+        while True:
+            event = await self._receive_event(timeout)
+            if isinstance(event, h11.Response):
+                break
+
+        http_version = b"HTTP/" + event.http_version
+
+        # h11 version 0.11+ supports a `raw_items` interface to get the
+        # raw header casing, rather than the enforced lowercase headers.
+        headers = event.headers.raw_items()
+
+        return http_version, event.status_code, event.reason, headers
+
+    async def _receive_response_data(
+        self, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        """
+        Read the response data from the network.
+        """
+        while True:
+            event = await self._receive_event(timeout)
+            if isinstance(event, h11.Data):
+                logger.trace("receive_event=Data(<%d bytes>)", len(event.data))
+                yield bytes(event.data)
+            elif isinstance(event, (h11.EndOfMessage, h11.PAUSED)):
+                logger.trace("receive_event=%r", event)
+                break
+
+    async def _receive_event(self, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> H11Event:
+        """
+        Read a single `h11` event, reading more data from the network if needed.
+        """
+        while True:
+            with map_exceptions({h11.RemoteProtocolError: RemoteProtocolError}):
+                event = self._h11_state.next_event()
+
+            if event is h11.NEED_DATA:
+                data = await self.socket.read(self.READ_NUM_BYTES, timeout)
+
+                # If we feed this case through h11 we'll raise an exception like:
+                #
+                #     httpcore.RemoteProtocolError: can't handle event type
+                #     ConnectionClosed when role=SERVER and state=SEND_RESPONSE
+                #
+                # Which is accurate, but not very informative from an end-user
+                # perspective. Instead we handle messaging for this case distinctly.
+                if data == b"" and self._h11_state.their_state == h11.SEND_RESPONSE:
+                    msg = "Server disconnected without sending a response."
+                    raise RemoteProtocolError(msg)
+
+                self._h11_state.receive_data(data)
+            else:
+                assert event is not h11.NEED_DATA
+                break
+        return event
+
+    async def _response_closed(self) -> None:
+        logger.trace(
+            "response_closed our_state=%r their_state=%r",
+            self._h11_state.our_state,
+            self._h11_state.their_state,
+        )
+        if (
+            self._h11_state.our_state is h11.DONE
+            and self._h11_state.their_state is h11.DONE
+        ):
+            self._h11_state.start_next_cycle()
+            self._state = ConnectionState.IDLE
+            if self._keepalive_expiry is not None:
+                self._should_expire_at = self._now() + self._keepalive_expiry
+        else:
+            await self.aclose()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if self._state != ConnectionState.CLOSED:
+            self._state = ConnectionState.CLOSED
+
+            if self._h11_state.our_state is h11.MUST_CLOSE:
+                event = h11.ConnectionClosed()
+                self._h11_state.send(event)
+
+            await self.socket.aclose()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http2.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35a4e09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+import enum
+import time
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import AsyncIterator, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, cast
+
+import h2.connection
+import h2.events
+from h2.config import H2Configuration
+from h2.exceptions import NoAvailableStreamIDError
+from h2.settings import SettingCodes, Settings
+
+from .._backends.auto import AsyncBackend, AsyncLock, AsyncSemaphore, AsyncSocketStream
+from .._bytestreams import AsyncIteratorByteStream
+from .._exceptions import LocalProtocolError, PoolTimeout, RemoteProtocolError
+from .._types import URL, Headers, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import get_logger
+from .base import AsyncByteStream, NewConnectionRequired
+from .http import AsyncBaseHTTPConnection
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+class ConnectionState(enum.IntEnum):
+    IDLE = 0
+    ACTIVE = 1
+    CLOSED = 2
+
+
+class AsyncHTTP2Connection(AsyncBaseHTTPConnection):
+    READ_NUM_BYTES = 64 * 1024
+    CONFIG = H2Configuration(validate_inbound_headers=False)
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        socket: AsyncSocketStream,
+        backend: AsyncBackend,
+        keepalive_expiry: float = None,
+    ):
+        self.socket = socket
+
+        self._backend = backend
+        self._h2_state = h2.connection.H2Connection(config=self.CONFIG)
+
+        self._sent_connection_init = False
+        self._streams: Dict[int, AsyncHTTP2Stream] = {}
+        self._events: Dict[int, List[h2.events.Event]] = {}
+
+        self._keepalive_expiry: Optional[float] = keepalive_expiry
+        self._should_expire_at: Optional[float] = None
+        self._state = ConnectionState.ACTIVE
+        self._exhausted_available_stream_ids = False
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<AsyncHTTP2Connection [{self._state}]>"
+
+    def info(self) -> str:
+        return f"HTTP/2, {self._state.name}, {len(self._streams)} streams"
+
+    def _now(self) -> float:
+        return time.monotonic()
+
+    def should_close(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle, and the keepalive
+        timeout has passed.
+        """
+        return (
+            self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+            and self._should_expire_at is not None
+            and self._now() >= self._should_expire_at
+        )
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+
+    def is_closed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection has been closed.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.CLOSED
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently able to accept an outgoing request.
+        This occurs when any of the following occur:
+
+        * The connection has not yet been opened, and HTTP/2 support is enabled.
+          We don't *know* at this point if we'll end up on an HTTP/2 connection or
+          not, but we *might* do, so we indicate availability.
+        * The connection has been opened, and is currently idle.
+        * The connection is open, and is an HTTP/2 connection. The connection must
+          also not have exhausted the maximum total number of stream IDs.
+        """
+        return (
+            self._state != ConnectionState.CLOSED
+            and not self._exhausted_available_stream_ids
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def init_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_initialization_lock"):
+            self._initialization_lock = self._backend.create_lock()
+        return self._initialization_lock
+
+    @property
+    def read_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_read_lock"):
+            self._read_lock = self._backend.create_lock()
+        return self._read_lock
+
+    @property
+    def max_streams_semaphore(self) -> AsyncSemaphore:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_max_streams_semaphore"):
+            max_streams = self._h2_state.local_settings.max_concurrent_streams
+            self._max_streams_semaphore = self._backend.create_semaphore(
+                max_streams, exc_class=PoolTimeout
+            )
+        return self._max_streams_semaphore
+
+    async def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict = None
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        raise NotImplementedError("TLS upgrade not supported on HTTP/2 connections.")
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, AsyncByteStream, dict]:
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        async with self.init_lock:
+            if not self._sent_connection_init:
+                # The very first stream is responsible for initiating the connection.
+                self._state = ConnectionState.ACTIVE
+                await self.send_connection_init(timeout)
+                self._sent_connection_init = True
+
+        await self.max_streams_semaphore.acquire()
+        try:
+            try:
+                stream_id = self._h2_state.get_next_available_stream_id()
+            except NoAvailableStreamIDError:
+                self._exhausted_available_stream_ids = True
+                raise NewConnectionRequired()
+            else:
+                self._state = ConnectionState.ACTIVE
+                self._should_expire_at = None
+
+            h2_stream = AsyncHTTP2Stream(stream_id=stream_id, connection=self)
+            self._streams[stream_id] = h2_stream
+            self._events[stream_id] = []
+            return await h2_stream.handle_async_request(
+                method, url, headers, stream, extensions
+            )
+        except Exception:  # noqa: PIE786
+            await self.max_streams_semaphore.release()
+            raise
+
+    async def send_connection_init(self, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        """
+        The HTTP/2 connection requires some initial setup before we can start
+        using individual request/response streams on it.
+        """
+        # Need to set these manually here instead of manipulating via
+        # __setitem__() otherwise the H2Connection will emit SettingsUpdate
+        # frames in addition to sending the undesired defaults.
+        self._h2_state.local_settings = Settings(
+            client=True,
+            initial_values={
+                # Disable PUSH_PROMISE frames from the server since we don't do anything
+                # with them for now.  Maybe when we support caching?
+                SettingCodes.ENABLE_PUSH: 0,
+                # These two are taken from h2 for safe defaults
+                SettingCodes.MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS: 100,
+                SettingCodes.MAX_HEADER_LIST_SIZE: 65536,
+            },
+        )
+
+        # Some websites (*cough* Yahoo *cough*) balk at this setting being
+        # present in the initial handshake since it's not defined in the original
+        # RFC despite the RFC mandating ignoring settings you don't know about.
+        del self._h2_state.local_settings[
+            h2.settings.SettingCodes.ENABLE_CONNECT_PROTOCOL
+        ]
+
+        logger.trace("initiate_connection=%r", self)
+        self._h2_state.initiate_connection()
+        self._h2_state.increment_flow_control_window(2 ** 24)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        await self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    def is_socket_readable(self) -> bool:
+        return self.socket.is_readable()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        logger.trace("close_connection=%r", self)
+        if self._state != ConnectionState.CLOSED:
+            self._state = ConnectionState.CLOSED
+
+            await self.socket.aclose()
+
+    async def wait_for_outgoing_flow(self, stream_id: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> int:
+        """
+        Returns the maximum allowable outgoing flow for a given stream.
+        If the allowable flow is zero, then waits on the network until
+        WindowUpdated frames have increased the flow rate.
+        https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7540#section-6.9
+        """
+        local_flow = self._h2_state.local_flow_control_window(stream_id)
+        connection_flow = self._h2_state.max_outbound_frame_size
+        flow = min(local_flow, connection_flow)
+        while flow == 0:
+            await self.receive_events(timeout)
+            local_flow = self._h2_state.local_flow_control_window(stream_id)
+            connection_flow = self._h2_state.max_outbound_frame_size
+            flow = min(local_flow, connection_flow)
+        return flow
+
+    async def wait_for_event(
+        self, stream_id: int, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> h2.events.Event:
+        """
+        Returns the next event for a given stream.
+        If no events are available yet, then waits on the network until
+        an event is available.
+        """
+        async with self.read_lock:
+            while not self._events[stream_id]:
+                await self.receive_events(timeout)
+        return self._events[stream_id].pop(0)
+
+    async def receive_events(self, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        """
+        Read some data from the network, and update the H2 state.
+        """
+        data = await self.socket.read(self.READ_NUM_BYTES, timeout)
+        if data == b"":
+            raise RemoteProtocolError("Server disconnected")
+
+        events = self._h2_state.receive_data(data)
+        for event in events:
+            event_stream_id = getattr(event, "stream_id", 0)
+            logger.trace("receive_event stream_id=%r event=%s", event_stream_id, event)
+
+            if hasattr(event, "error_code"):
+                raise RemoteProtocolError(event)
+
+            if event_stream_id in self._events:
+                self._events[event_stream_id].append(event)
+
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        await self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    async def send_headers(
+        self, stream_id: int, headers: Headers, end_stream: bool, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        logger.trace("send_headers stream_id=%r headers=%r", stream_id, headers)
+        self._h2_state.send_headers(stream_id, headers, end_stream=end_stream)
+        self._h2_state.increment_flow_control_window(2 ** 24, stream_id=stream_id)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        await self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    async def send_data(
+        self, stream_id: int, chunk: bytes, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        logger.trace("send_data stream_id=%r chunk=%r", stream_id, chunk)
+        self._h2_state.send_data(stream_id, chunk)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        await self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    async def end_stream(self, stream_id: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        logger.trace("end_stream stream_id=%r", stream_id)
+        self._h2_state.end_stream(stream_id)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        await self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    async def acknowledge_received_data(
+        self, stream_id: int, amount: int, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        self._h2_state.acknowledge_received_data(amount, stream_id)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        await self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    async def close_stream(self, stream_id: int) -> None:
+        try:
+            logger.trace("close_stream stream_id=%r", stream_id)
+            del self._streams[stream_id]
+            del self._events[stream_id]
+
+            if not self._streams:
+                if self._state == ConnectionState.ACTIVE:
+                    if self._exhausted_available_stream_ids:
+                        await self.aclose()
+                    else:
+                        self._state = ConnectionState.IDLE
+                        if self._keepalive_expiry is not None:
+                            self._should_expire_at = (
+                                self._now() + self._keepalive_expiry
+                            )
+        finally:
+            await self.max_streams_semaphore.release()
+
+
+class AsyncHTTP2Stream:
+    def __init__(self, stream_id: int, connection: AsyncHTTP2Connection) -> None:
+        self.stream_id = stream_id
+        self.connection = connection
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, AsyncByteStream, dict]:
+        headers = [(k.lower(), v) for (k, v) in headers]
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        # Send the request.
+        seen_headers = set(key for key, value in headers)
+        has_body = (
+            b"content-length" in seen_headers or b"transfer-encoding" in seen_headers
+        )
+
+        await self.send_headers(method, url, headers, has_body, timeout)
+        if has_body:
+            await self.send_body(stream, timeout)
+
+        # Receive the response.
+        status_code, headers = await self.receive_response(timeout)
+        response_stream = AsyncIteratorByteStream(
+            aiterator=self.body_iter(timeout), aclose_func=self._response_closed
+        )
+
+        extensions = {
+            "http_version": b"HTTP/2",
+        }
+        return (status_code, headers, response_stream, extensions)
+
+    async def send_headers(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        has_body: bool,
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> None:
+        scheme, hostname, port, path = url
+
+        # In HTTP/2 the ':authority' pseudo-header is used instead of 'Host'.
+        # In order to gracefully handle HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 we always require
+        # HTTP/1.1 style headers, and map them appropriately if we end up on
+        # an HTTP/2 connection.
+        authority = None
+
+        for k, v in headers:
+            if k == b"host":
+                authority = v
+                break
+
+        if authority is None:
+            # Mirror the same error we'd see with `h11`, so that the behaviour
+            # is consistent. Although we're dealing with an `:authority`
+            # pseudo-header by this point, from an end-user perspective the issue
+            # is that the outgoing request needed to include a `host` header.
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Missing mandatory Host: header")
+
+        headers = [
+            (b":method", method),
+            (b":authority", authority),
+            (b":scheme", scheme),
+            (b":path", path),
+        ] + [
+            (k, v)
+            for k, v in headers
+            if k
+            not in (
+                b"host",
+                b"transfer-encoding",
+            )
+        ]
+        end_stream = not has_body
+
+        await self.connection.send_headers(self.stream_id, headers, end_stream, timeout)
+
+    async def send_body(self, stream: AsyncByteStream, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        async for data in stream:
+            while data:
+                max_flow = await self.connection.wait_for_outgoing_flow(
+                    self.stream_id, timeout
+                )
+                chunk_size = min(len(data), max_flow)
+                chunk, data = data[:chunk_size], data[chunk_size:]
+                await self.connection.send_data(self.stream_id, chunk, timeout)
+
+        await self.connection.end_stream(self.stream_id, timeout)
+
+    async def receive_response(
+        self, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> Tuple[int, List[Tuple[bytes, bytes]]]:
+        """
+        Read the response status and headers from the network.
+        """
+        while True:
+            event = await self.connection.wait_for_event(self.stream_id, timeout)
+            if isinstance(event, h2.events.ResponseReceived):
+                break
+
+        status_code = 200
+        headers = []
+        for k, v in event.headers:
+            if k == b":status":
+                status_code = int(v.decode("ascii", errors="ignore"))
+            elif not k.startswith(b":"):
+                headers.append((k, v))
+
+        return (status_code, headers)
+
+    async def body_iter(self, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        while True:
+            event = await self.connection.wait_for_event(self.stream_id, timeout)
+            if isinstance(event, h2.events.DataReceived):
+                amount = event.flow_controlled_length
+                await self.connection.acknowledge_received_data(
+                    self.stream_id, amount, timeout
+                )
+                yield event.data
+            elif isinstance(event, (h2.events.StreamEnded, h2.events.StreamReset)):
+                break
+
+    async def _response_closed(self) -> None:
+        await self.connection.close_stream(self.stream_id)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http_proxy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http_proxy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..275bf21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_async/http_proxy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+from http import HTTPStatus
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import Tuple, cast
+
+from .._bytestreams import ByteStream
+from .._exceptions import ProxyError
+from .._types import URL, Headers, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import get_logger, url_to_origin
+from .base import AsyncByteStream
+from .connection import AsyncHTTPConnection
+from .connection_pool import AsyncConnectionPool, ResponseByteStream
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+def get_reason_phrase(status_code: int) -> str:
+    try:
+        return HTTPStatus(status_code).phrase
+    except ValueError:
+        return ""
+
+
+def merge_headers(
+    default_headers: Headers = None, override_headers: Headers = None
+) -> Headers:
+    """
+    Append default_headers and override_headers, de-duplicating if a key existing in
+    both cases.
+    """
+    default_headers = [] if default_headers is None else default_headers
+    override_headers = [] if override_headers is None else override_headers
+    has_override = set([key.lower() for key, value in override_headers])
+    default_headers = [
+        (key, value)
+        for key, value in default_headers
+        if key.lower() not in has_override
+    ]
+    return default_headers + override_headers
+
+
+class AsyncHTTPProxy(AsyncConnectionPool):
+    """
+    A connection pool for making HTTP requests via an HTTP proxy.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    proxy_url:
+        The URL of the proxy service as a 4-tuple of (scheme, host, port, path).
+    proxy_headers:
+        A list of proxy headers to include.
+    proxy_mode:
+        A proxy mode to operate in. May be "DEFAULT", "FORWARD_ONLY", or "TUNNEL_ONLY".
+    ssl_context:
+        An SSL context to use for verifying connections.
+    max_connections:
+        The maximum number of concurrent connections to allow.
+    max_keepalive_connections:
+        The maximum number of connections to allow before closing keep-alive
+        connections.
+    http2:
+        Enable HTTP/2 support.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        proxy_url: URL,
+        proxy_headers: Headers = None,
+        proxy_mode: str = "DEFAULT",
+        ssl_context: SSLContext = None,
+        max_connections: int = None,
+        max_keepalive_connections: int = None,
+        keepalive_expiry: float = None,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        backend: str = "auto",
+        # Deprecated argument style:
+        max_keepalive: int = None,
+    ):
+        assert proxy_mode in ("DEFAULT", "FORWARD_ONLY", "TUNNEL_ONLY")
+
+        self.proxy_origin = url_to_origin(proxy_url)
+        self.proxy_headers = [] if proxy_headers is None else proxy_headers
+        self.proxy_mode = proxy_mode
+        super().__init__(
+            ssl_context=ssl_context,
+            max_connections=max_connections,
+            max_keepalive_connections=max_keepalive_connections,
+            keepalive_expiry=keepalive_expiry,
+            http2=http2,
+            backend=backend,
+            max_keepalive=max_keepalive,
+        )
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, AsyncByteStream, dict]:
+        if self._keepalive_expiry is not None:
+            await self._keepalive_sweep()
+
+        if (
+            self.proxy_mode == "DEFAULT" and url[0] == b"http"
+        ) or self.proxy_mode == "FORWARD_ONLY":
+            # By default HTTP requests should be forwarded.
+            logger.trace(
+                "forward_request proxy_origin=%r proxy_headers=%r method=%r url=%r",
+                self.proxy_origin,
+                self.proxy_headers,
+                method,
+                url,
+            )
+            return await self._forward_request(
+                method, url, headers=headers, stream=stream, extensions=extensions
+            )
+        else:
+            # By default HTTPS should be tunnelled.
+            logger.trace(
+                "tunnel_request proxy_origin=%r proxy_headers=%r method=%r url=%r",
+                self.proxy_origin,
+                self.proxy_headers,
+                method,
+                url,
+            )
+            return await self._tunnel_request(
+                method, url, headers=headers, stream=stream, extensions=extensions
+            )
+
+    async def _forward_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, AsyncByteStream, dict]:
+        """
+        Forwarded proxy requests include the entire URL as the HTTP target,
+        rather than just the path.
+        """
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+        origin = self.proxy_origin
+        connection = await self._get_connection_from_pool(origin)
+
+        if connection is None:
+            connection = AsyncHTTPConnection(
+                origin=origin,
+                http2=self._http2,
+                keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+                ssl_context=self._ssl_context,
+            )
+            await self._add_to_pool(connection, timeout)
+
+        # Issue a forwarded proxy request...
+
+        # GET https://www.example.org/path HTTP/1.1
+        # [proxy headers]
+        # [headers]
+        scheme, host, port, path = url
+        if port is None:
+            target = b"%b://%b%b" % (scheme, host, path)
+        else:
+            target = b"%b://%b:%d%b" % (scheme, host, port, path)
+
+        url = self.proxy_origin + (target,)
+        headers = merge_headers(self.proxy_headers, headers)
+
+        (
+            status_code,
+            headers,
+            stream,
+            extensions,
+        ) = await connection.handle_async_request(
+            method, url, headers=headers, stream=stream, extensions=extensions
+        )
+
+        wrapped_stream = ResponseByteStream(
+            stream, connection=connection, callback=self._response_closed
+        )
+
+        return status_code, headers, wrapped_stream, extensions
+
+    async def _tunnel_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, AsyncByteStream, dict]:
+        """
+        Tunnelled proxy requests require an initial CONNECT request to
+        establish the connection, and then send regular requests.
+        """
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+        origin = url_to_origin(url)
+        connection = await self._get_connection_from_pool(origin)
+
+        if connection is None:
+            scheme, host, port = origin
+
+            # First, create a connection to the proxy server
+            proxy_connection = AsyncHTTPConnection(
+                origin=self.proxy_origin,
+                http2=self._http2,
+                keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+                ssl_context=self._ssl_context,
+            )
+
+            # Issue a CONNECT request...
+
+            # CONNECT www.example.org:80 HTTP/1.1
+            # [proxy-headers]
+            target = b"%b:%d" % (host, port)
+            connect_url = self.proxy_origin + (target,)
+            connect_headers = [(b"Host", target), (b"Accept", b"*/*")]
+            connect_headers = merge_headers(connect_headers, self.proxy_headers)
+
+            try:
+                (
+                    proxy_status_code,
+                    _,
+                    proxy_stream,
+                    _,
+                ) = await proxy_connection.handle_async_request(
+                    b"CONNECT",
+                    connect_url,
+                    headers=connect_headers,
+                    stream=ByteStream(b""),
+                    extensions=extensions,
+                )
+
+                proxy_reason = get_reason_phrase(proxy_status_code)
+                logger.trace(
+                    "tunnel_response proxy_status_code=%r proxy_reason=%r ",
+                    proxy_status_code,
+                    proxy_reason,
+                )
+                # Read the response data without closing the socket
+                async for _ in proxy_stream:
+                    pass
+
+                # See if the tunnel was successfully established.
+                if proxy_status_code < 200 or proxy_status_code > 299:
+                    msg = "%d %s" % (proxy_status_code, proxy_reason)
+                    raise ProxyError(msg)
+
+                # Upgrade to TLS if required
+                # We assume the target speaks TLS on the specified port
+                if scheme == b"https":
+                    await proxy_connection.start_tls(host, self._ssl_context, timeout)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                await proxy_connection.aclose()
+                raise ProxyError(exc)
+
+            # The CONNECT request is successful, so we have now SWITCHED PROTOCOLS.
+            # This means the proxy connection is now unusable, and we must create
+            # a new one for regular requests, making sure to use the same socket to
+            # retain the tunnel.
+            connection = AsyncHTTPConnection(
+                origin=origin,
+                http2=self._http2,
+                keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+                ssl_context=self._ssl_context,
+                socket=proxy_connection.socket,
+            )
+            await self._add_to_pool(connection, timeout)
+
+        # Once the connection has been established we can send requests on
+        # it as normal.
+        (
+            status_code,
+            headers,
+            stream,
+            extensions,
+        ) = await connection.handle_async_request(
+            method,
+            url,
+            headers=headers,
+            stream=stream,
+            extensions=extensions,
+        )
+
+        wrapped_stream = ResponseByteStream(
+            stream, connection=connection, callback=self._response_closed
+        )
+
+        return status_code, headers, wrapped_stream, extensions
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/anyio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/anyio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1332a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/anyio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import Optional
+
+import anyio.abc
+from anyio import BrokenResourceError, EndOfStream
+from anyio.abc import ByteStream, SocketAttribute
+from anyio.streams.tls import TLSAttribute, TLSStream
+
+from .._exceptions import (
+    ConnectError,
+    ConnectTimeout,
+    ReadError,
+    ReadTimeout,
+    WriteError,
+    WriteTimeout,
+    map_exceptions,
+)
+from .._types import TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import is_socket_readable
+from .base import AsyncBackend, AsyncLock, AsyncSemaphore, AsyncSocketStream
+
+
+class SocketStream(AsyncSocketStream):
+    def __init__(self, stream: ByteStream) -> None:
+        self.stream = stream
+        self.read_lock = anyio.Lock()
+        self.write_lock = anyio.Lock()
+
+    def get_http_version(self) -> str:
+        alpn_protocol = self.stream.extra(TLSAttribute.alpn_protocol, None)
+        return "HTTP/2" if alpn_protocol == "h2" else "HTTP/1.1"
+
+    async def start_tls(
+        self,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        ssl_context: SSLContext,
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> "SocketStream":
+        connect_timeout = timeout.get("connect")
+        try:
+            with anyio.fail_after(connect_timeout):
+                ssl_stream = await TLSStream.wrap(
+                    self.stream,
+                    ssl_context=ssl_context,
+                    hostname=hostname.decode("ascii"),
+                    standard_compatible=False,
+                )
+        except TimeoutError:
+            raise ConnectTimeout from None
+        except BrokenResourceError as exc:
+            raise ConnectError from exc
+
+        return SocketStream(ssl_stream)
+
+    async def read(self, n: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> bytes:
+        read_timeout = timeout.get("read")
+        async with self.read_lock:
+            try:
+                with anyio.fail_after(read_timeout):
+                    return await self.stream.receive(n)
+            except TimeoutError:
+                await self.stream.aclose()
+                raise ReadTimeout from None
+            except BrokenResourceError as exc:
+                raise ReadError from exc
+            except EndOfStream:
+                return b""
+
+    async def write(self, data: bytes, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        if not data:
+            return
+
+        write_timeout = timeout.get("write")
+        async with self.write_lock:
+            try:
+                with anyio.fail_after(write_timeout):
+                    return await self.stream.send(data)
+            except TimeoutError:
+                await self.stream.aclose()
+                raise WriteTimeout from None
+            except BrokenResourceError as exc:
+                raise WriteError from exc
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        async with self.write_lock:
+            try:
+                await self.stream.aclose()
+            except BrokenResourceError:
+                pass
+
+    def is_readable(self) -> bool:
+        sock = self.stream.extra(SocketAttribute.raw_socket)
+        return is_socket_readable(sock)
+
+
+class Lock(AsyncLock):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._lock = anyio.Lock()
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        self._lock.release()
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        await self._lock.acquire()
+
+
+class Semaphore(AsyncSemaphore):
+    def __init__(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type):
+        self.max_value = max_value
+        self.exc_class = exc_class
+
+    @property
+    def semaphore(self) -> anyio.abc.Semaphore:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_semaphore"):
+            self._semaphore = anyio.Semaphore(self.max_value)
+        return self._semaphore
+
+    async def acquire(self, timeout: float = None) -> None:
+        with anyio.move_on_after(timeout):
+            await self.semaphore.acquire()
+            return
+
+        raise self.exc_class()
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        self.semaphore.release()
+
+
+class AnyIOBackend(AsyncBackend):
+    async def open_tcp_stream(
+        self,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        port: int,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+        *,
+        local_address: Optional[str],
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        connect_timeout = timeout.get("connect")
+        unicode_host = hostname.decode("utf-8")
+        exc_map = {
+            TimeoutError: ConnectTimeout,
+            OSError: ConnectError,
+            BrokenResourceError: ConnectError,
+        }
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            with anyio.fail_after(connect_timeout):
+                stream: anyio.abc.ByteStream
+                stream = await anyio.connect_tcp(
+                    unicode_host, port, local_host=local_address
+                )
+                if ssl_context:
+                    stream = await TLSStream.wrap(
+                        stream,
+                        hostname=unicode_host,
+                        ssl_context=ssl_context,
+                        standard_compatible=False,
+                    )
+
+        return SocketStream(stream=stream)
+
+    async def open_uds_stream(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        connect_timeout = timeout.get("connect")
+        unicode_host = hostname.decode("utf-8")
+        exc_map = {
+            TimeoutError: ConnectTimeout,
+            OSError: ConnectError,
+            BrokenResourceError: ConnectError,
+        }
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            with anyio.fail_after(connect_timeout):
+                stream: anyio.abc.ByteStream = await anyio.connect_unix(path)
+                if ssl_context:
+                    stream = await TLSStream.wrap(
+                        stream,
+                        hostname=unicode_host,
+                        ssl_context=ssl_context,
+                        standard_compatible=False,
+                    )
+
+        return SocketStream(stream=stream)
+
+    def create_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        return Lock()
+
+    def create_semaphore(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> AsyncSemaphore:
+        return Semaphore(max_value, exc_class=exc_class)
+
+    async def time(self) -> float:
+        return float(anyio.current_time())
+
+    async def sleep(self, seconds: float) -> None:
+        await anyio.sleep(seconds)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/asyncio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/asyncio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5142072
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/asyncio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+import asyncio
+import socket
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import Optional
+
+from .._exceptions import (
+    ConnectError,
+    ConnectTimeout,
+    ReadError,
+    ReadTimeout,
+    WriteError,
+    WriteTimeout,
+    map_exceptions,
+)
+from .._types import TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import is_socket_readable
+from .base import AsyncBackend, AsyncLock, AsyncSemaphore, AsyncSocketStream
+
+SSL_MONKEY_PATCH_APPLIED = False
+
+
+def ssl_monkey_patch() -> None:
+    """
+    Monkey-patch for https://bugs.python.org/issue36709
+
+    This prevents console errors when outstanding HTTPS connections
+    still exist at the point of exiting.
+
+    Clients which have been opened using a `with` block, or which have
+    had `close()` closed, will not exhibit this issue in the first place.
+    """
+    MonkeyPatch = asyncio.selector_events._SelectorSocketTransport  # type: ignore
+
+    _write = MonkeyPatch.write
+
+    def _fixed_write(self, data: bytes) -> None:  # type: ignore
+        if self._loop and not self._loop.is_closed():
+            _write(self, data)
+
+    MonkeyPatch.write = _fixed_write
+
+
+async def backport_start_tls(
+    transport: asyncio.BaseTransport,
+    protocol: asyncio.BaseProtocol,
+    ssl_context: SSLContext,
+    *,
+    server_side: bool = False,
+    server_hostname: str = None,
+    ssl_handshake_timeout: float = None,
+) -> asyncio.Transport:  # pragma: nocover (Since it's not used on all Python versions.)
+    """
+    Python 3.6 asyncio doesn't have a start_tls() method on the loop
+    so we use this function in place of the loop's start_tls() method.
+    Adapted from this comment:
+    https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/1323#issuecomment-362494839
+    """
+    import asyncio.sslproto
+
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    waiter = loop.create_future()
+    ssl_protocol = asyncio.sslproto.SSLProtocol(
+        loop,
+        protocol,
+        ssl_context,
+        waiter,
+        server_side=False,
+        server_hostname=server_hostname,
+        call_connection_made=False,
+    )
+
+    transport.set_protocol(ssl_protocol)
+    loop.call_soon(ssl_protocol.connection_made, transport)
+    loop.call_soon(transport.resume_reading)  # type: ignore
+
+    await waiter
+    return ssl_protocol._app_transport
+
+
+class SocketStream(AsyncSocketStream):
+    def __init__(
+        self, stream_reader: asyncio.StreamReader, stream_writer: asyncio.StreamWriter
+    ):
+        self.stream_reader = stream_reader
+        self.stream_writer = stream_writer
+        self.read_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+        self.write_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+
+    def get_http_version(self) -> str:
+        ssl_object = self.stream_writer.get_extra_info("ssl_object")
+
+        if ssl_object is None:
+            return "HTTP/1.1"
+
+        ident = ssl_object.selected_alpn_protocol()
+        return "HTTP/2" if ident == "h2" else "HTTP/1.1"
+
+    async def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> "SocketStream":
+        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+
+        stream_reader = asyncio.StreamReader()
+        protocol = asyncio.StreamReaderProtocol(stream_reader)
+        transport = self.stream_writer.transport
+
+        loop_start_tls = getattr(loop, "start_tls", backport_start_tls)
+
+        exc_map = {asyncio.TimeoutError: ConnectTimeout, OSError: ConnectError}
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            transport = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                loop_start_tls(
+                    transport,
+                    protocol,
+                    ssl_context,
+                    server_hostname=hostname.decode("ascii"),
+                ),
+                timeout=timeout.get("connect"),
+            )
+
+        # Initialize the protocol, so it is made aware of being tied to
+        # a TLS connection.
+        # See: https://github.com/encode/httpx/issues/859
+        protocol.connection_made(transport)
+
+        stream_writer = asyncio.StreamWriter(
+            transport=transport, protocol=protocol, reader=stream_reader, loop=loop
+        )
+
+        ssl_stream = SocketStream(stream_reader, stream_writer)
+        # When we return a new SocketStream with new StreamReader/StreamWriter instances
+        # we need to keep references to the old StreamReader/StreamWriter so that they
+        # are not garbage collected and closed while we're still using them.
+        ssl_stream._inner = self  # type: ignore
+        return ssl_stream
+
+    async def read(self, n: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> bytes:
+        exc_map = {asyncio.TimeoutError: ReadTimeout, OSError: ReadError}
+        async with self.read_lock:
+            with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+                try:
+                    return await asyncio.wait_for(
+                        self.stream_reader.read(n), timeout.get("read")
+                    )
+                except AttributeError as exc:  # pragma: nocover
+                    if "resume_reading" in str(exc):
+                        # Python's asyncio has a bug that can occur when a
+                        # connection has been closed, while it is paused.
+                        # See: https://github.com/encode/httpx/issues/1213
+                        #
+                        # Returning an empty byte-string to indicate connection
+                        # close will eventually raise an httpcore.RemoteProtocolError
+                        # to the user when this goes through our HTTP parsing layer.
+                        return b""
+                    raise
+
+    async def write(self, data: bytes, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        if not data:
+            return
+
+        exc_map = {asyncio.TimeoutError: WriteTimeout, OSError: WriteError}
+        async with self.write_lock:
+            with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+                self.stream_writer.write(data)
+                return await asyncio.wait_for(
+                    self.stream_writer.drain(), timeout.get("write")
+                )
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        # SSL connections should issue the close and then abort, rather than
+        # waiting for the remote end of the connection to signal the EOF.
+        #
+        # See:
+        #
+        # * https://bugs.python.org/issue39758
+        # * https://github.com/python-trio/trio/blob/
+        #             31e2ae866ad549f1927d45ce073d4f0ea9f12419/trio/_ssl.py#L779-L829
+        #
+        # And related issues caused if we simply omit the 'wait_closed' call,
+        # without first using `.abort()`
+        #
+        # * https://github.com/encode/httpx/issues/825
+        # * https://github.com/encode/httpx/issues/914
+        is_ssl = self.stream_writer.get_extra_info("ssl_object") is not None
+
+        async with self.write_lock:
+            try:
+                self.stream_writer.close()
+                if is_ssl:
+                    # Give the connection a chance to write any data in the buffer,
+                    # and then forcibly tear down the SSL connection.
+                    await asyncio.sleep(0)
+                    self.stream_writer.transport.abort()  # type: ignore
+                if hasattr(self.stream_writer, "wait_closed"):
+                    # Python 3.7+ only.
+                    await self.stream_writer.wait_closed()  # type: ignore
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+
+    def is_readable(self) -> bool:
+        transport = self.stream_reader._transport  # type: ignore
+        sock: Optional[socket.socket] = transport.get_extra_info("socket")
+        return is_socket_readable(sock)
+
+
+class Lock(AsyncLock):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        self._lock.release()
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        await self._lock.acquire()
+
+
+class Semaphore(AsyncSemaphore):
+    def __init__(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> None:
+        self.max_value = max_value
+        self.exc_class = exc_class
+
+    @property
+    def semaphore(self) -> asyncio.BoundedSemaphore:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_semaphore"):
+            self._semaphore = asyncio.BoundedSemaphore(value=self.max_value)
+        return self._semaphore
+
+    async def acquire(self, timeout: float = None) -> None:
+        try:
+            await asyncio.wait_for(self.semaphore.acquire(), timeout)
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+            raise self.exc_class()
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        self.semaphore.release()
+
+
+class AsyncioBackend(AsyncBackend):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        global SSL_MONKEY_PATCH_APPLIED
+
+        if not SSL_MONKEY_PATCH_APPLIED:
+            ssl_monkey_patch()
+        SSL_MONKEY_PATCH_APPLIED = True
+
+    async def open_tcp_stream(
+        self,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        port: int,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+        *,
+        local_address: Optional[str],
+    ) -> SocketStream:
+        host = hostname.decode("ascii")
+        connect_timeout = timeout.get("connect")
+        local_addr = None if local_address is None else (local_address, 0)
+
+        exc_map = {asyncio.TimeoutError: ConnectTimeout, OSError: ConnectError}
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            stream_reader, stream_writer = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                asyncio.open_connection(
+                    host, port, ssl=ssl_context, local_addr=local_addr
+                ),
+                connect_timeout,
+            )
+            return SocketStream(
+                stream_reader=stream_reader, stream_writer=stream_writer
+            )
+
+    async def open_uds_stream(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        host = hostname.decode("ascii")
+        connect_timeout = timeout.get("connect")
+        kwargs: dict = {"server_hostname": host} if ssl_context is not None else {}
+        exc_map = {asyncio.TimeoutError: ConnectTimeout, OSError: ConnectError}
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            stream_reader, stream_writer = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                asyncio.open_unix_connection(path, ssl=ssl_context, **kwargs),
+                connect_timeout,
+            )
+            return SocketStream(
+                stream_reader=stream_reader, stream_writer=stream_writer
+            )
+
+    def create_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        return Lock()
+
+    def create_semaphore(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> AsyncSemaphore:
+        return Semaphore(max_value, exc_class=exc_class)
+
+    async def time(self) -> float:
+        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+        return loop.time()
+
+    async def sleep(self, seconds: float) -> None:
+        await asyncio.sleep(seconds)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/auto.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/auto.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5579ab4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/auto.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import Optional
+
+import sniffio
+
+from .._types import TimeoutDict
+from .base import AsyncBackend, AsyncLock, AsyncSemaphore, AsyncSocketStream
+
+# The following line is imported from the _sync modules
+from .sync import SyncBackend, SyncLock, SyncSemaphore, SyncSocketStream  # noqa
+
+
+class AutoBackend(AsyncBackend):
+    @property
+    def backend(self) -> AsyncBackend:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_backend_implementation"):
+            backend = sniffio.current_async_library()
+
+            if backend == "asyncio":
+                from .anyio import AnyIOBackend
+
+                self._backend_implementation: AsyncBackend = AnyIOBackend()
+            elif backend == "trio":
+                from .trio import TrioBackend
+
+                self._backend_implementation = TrioBackend()
+            elif backend == "curio":
+                from .curio import CurioBackend
+
+                self._backend_implementation = CurioBackend()
+            else:  # pragma: nocover
+                raise RuntimeError(f"Unsupported concurrency backend {backend!r}")
+        return self._backend_implementation
+
+    async def open_tcp_stream(
+        self,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        port: int,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+        *,
+        local_address: Optional[str],
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        return await self.backend.open_tcp_stream(
+            hostname, port, ssl_context, timeout, local_address=local_address
+        )
+
+    async def open_uds_stream(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        return await self.backend.open_uds_stream(path, hostname, ssl_context, timeout)
+
+    def create_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        return self.backend.create_lock()
+
+    def create_semaphore(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> AsyncSemaphore:
+        return self.backend.create_semaphore(max_value, exc_class=exc_class)
+
+    async def time(self) -> float:
+        return await self.backend.time()
+
+    async def sleep(self, seconds: float) -> None:
+        await self.backend.sleep(seconds)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ca6e31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Type
+
+from .._types import TimeoutDict
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
+    from .sync import SyncBackend
+
+
+def lookup_async_backend(name: str) -> "AsyncBackend":
+    if name == "auto":
+        from .auto import AutoBackend
+
+        return AutoBackend()
+    elif name == "asyncio":
+        from .asyncio import AsyncioBackend
+
+        return AsyncioBackend()
+    elif name == "trio":
+        from .trio import TrioBackend
+
+        return TrioBackend()
+    elif name == "curio":
+        from .curio import CurioBackend
+
+        return CurioBackend()
+    elif name == "anyio":
+        from .anyio import AnyIOBackend
+
+        return AnyIOBackend()
+
+    raise ValueError("Invalid backend name {name!r}")
+
+
+def lookup_sync_backend(name: str) -> "SyncBackend":
+    from .sync import SyncBackend
+
+    return SyncBackend()
+
+
+class AsyncSocketStream:
+    """
+    A socket stream with read/write operations. Abstracts away any asyncio-specific
+    interfaces into a more generic base class, that we can use with alternate
+    backends, or for stand-alone test cases.
+    """
+
+    def get_http_version(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> "AsyncSocketStream":
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def read(self, n: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> bytes:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def write(self, data: bytes, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def is_readable(self) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+class AsyncLock:
+    """
+    An abstract interface for Lock classes.
+    """
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> None:
+        await self.acquire()
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        await self.release()
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+class AsyncSemaphore:
+    """
+    An abstract interface for Semaphore classes.
+    Abstracts away any asyncio-specific interfaces.
+    """
+
+    async def acquire(self, timeout: float = None) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+class AsyncBackend:
+    async def open_tcp_stream(
+        self,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        port: int,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+        *,
+        local_address: Optional[str],
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def open_uds_stream(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def create_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def create_semaphore(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> AsyncSemaphore:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def time(self) -> float:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def sleep(self, seconds: float) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: no cover
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/curio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/curio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99a7b2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/curio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+from ssl import SSLContext, SSLSocket
+from typing import Optional
+
+import curio
+import curio.io
+
+from .._exceptions import (
+    ConnectError,
+    ConnectTimeout,
+    ReadError,
+    ReadTimeout,
+    WriteError,
+    WriteTimeout,
+    map_exceptions,
+)
+from .._types import TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import get_logger, is_socket_readable
+from .base import AsyncBackend, AsyncLock, AsyncSemaphore, AsyncSocketStream
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+ONE_DAY_IN_SECONDS = float(60 * 60 * 24)
+
+
+def convert_timeout(value: Optional[float]) -> float:
+    return value if value is not None else ONE_DAY_IN_SECONDS
+
+
+class Lock(AsyncLock):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._lock = curio.Lock()
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        await self._lock.acquire()
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        await self._lock.release()
+
+
+class Semaphore(AsyncSemaphore):
+    def __init__(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> None:
+        self.max_value = max_value
+        self.exc_class = exc_class
+
+    @property
+    def semaphore(self) -> curio.Semaphore:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_semaphore"):
+            self._semaphore = curio.Semaphore(value=self.max_value)
+        return self._semaphore
+
+    async def acquire(self, timeout: float = None) -> None:
+        timeout = convert_timeout(timeout)
+
+        try:
+            return await curio.timeout_after(timeout, self.semaphore.acquire())
+        except curio.TaskTimeout:
+            raise self.exc_class()
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        await self.semaphore.release()
+
+
+class SocketStream(AsyncSocketStream):
+    def __init__(self, socket: curio.io.Socket) -> None:
+        self.read_lock = curio.Lock()
+        self.write_lock = curio.Lock()
+        self.socket = socket
+        self.stream = socket.as_stream()
+
+    def get_http_version(self) -> str:
+        if hasattr(self.socket, "_socket"):
+            raw_socket = self.socket._socket
+
+            if isinstance(raw_socket, SSLSocket):
+                ident = raw_socket.selected_alpn_protocol()
+                return "HTTP/2" if ident == "h2" else "HTTP/1.1"
+
+        return "HTTP/1.1"
+
+    async def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> "AsyncSocketStream":
+        connect_timeout = convert_timeout(timeout.get("connect"))
+        exc_map = {
+            curio.TaskTimeout: ConnectTimeout,
+            curio.CurioError: ConnectError,
+            OSError: ConnectError,
+        }
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            wrapped_sock = curio.io.Socket(
+                ssl_context.wrap_socket(
+                    self.socket._socket,
+                    do_handshake_on_connect=False,
+                    server_hostname=hostname.decode("ascii"),
+                )
+            )
+
+            await curio.timeout_after(
+                connect_timeout,
+                wrapped_sock.do_handshake(),
+            )
+
+            return SocketStream(wrapped_sock)
+
+    async def read(self, n: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> bytes:
+        read_timeout = convert_timeout(timeout.get("read"))
+        exc_map = {
+            curio.TaskTimeout: ReadTimeout,
+            curio.CurioError: ReadError,
+            OSError: ReadError,
+        }
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            async with self.read_lock:
+                return await curio.timeout_after(read_timeout, self.stream.read(n))
+
+    async def write(self, data: bytes, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        write_timeout = convert_timeout(timeout.get("write"))
+        exc_map = {
+            curio.TaskTimeout: WriteTimeout,
+            curio.CurioError: WriteError,
+            OSError: WriteError,
+        }
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            async with self.write_lock:
+                await curio.timeout_after(write_timeout, self.stream.write(data))
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self.stream.close()
+        await self.socket.close()
+
+    def is_readable(self) -> bool:
+        return is_socket_readable(self.socket)
+
+
+class CurioBackend(AsyncBackend):
+    async def open_tcp_stream(
+        self,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        port: int,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+        *,
+        local_address: Optional[str],
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        connect_timeout = convert_timeout(timeout.get("connect"))
+        exc_map = {
+            curio.TaskTimeout: ConnectTimeout,
+            curio.CurioError: ConnectError,
+            OSError: ConnectError,
+        }
+        host = hostname.decode("ascii")
+
+        kwargs: dict = {}
+        if ssl_context is not None:
+            kwargs["ssl"] = ssl_context
+            kwargs["server_hostname"] = host
+        if local_address is not None:
+            kwargs["source_addr"] = (local_address, 0)
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            sock: curio.io.Socket = await curio.timeout_after(
+                connect_timeout,
+                curio.open_connection(hostname, port, **kwargs),
+            )
+
+            return SocketStream(sock)
+
+    async def open_uds_stream(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        connect_timeout = convert_timeout(timeout.get("connect"))
+        exc_map = {
+            curio.TaskTimeout: ConnectTimeout,
+            curio.CurioError: ConnectError,
+            OSError: ConnectError,
+        }
+        host = hostname.decode("ascii")
+        kwargs = (
+            {} if ssl_context is None else {"ssl": ssl_context, "server_hostname": host}
+        )
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            sock: curio.io.Socket = await curio.timeout_after(
+                connect_timeout, curio.open_unix_connection(path, **kwargs)
+            )
+
+            return SocketStream(sock)
+
+    def create_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        return Lock()
+
+    def create_semaphore(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> AsyncSemaphore:
+        return Semaphore(max_value, exc_class)
+
+    async def time(self) -> float:
+        return await curio.clock()
+
+    async def sleep(self, seconds: float) -> None:
+        await curio.sleep(seconds)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/sync.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/sync.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee8f94b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/sync.py
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+import socket
+import threading
+import time
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Optional, Type
+
+from .._exceptions import (
+    ConnectError,
+    ConnectTimeout,
+    ReadError,
+    ReadTimeout,
+    WriteError,
+    WriteTimeout,
+    map_exceptions,
+)
+from .._types import TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import is_socket_readable
+
+
+class SyncSocketStream:
+    """
+    A socket stream with read/write operations. Abstracts away any asyncio-specific
+    interfaces into a more generic base class, that we can use with alternate
+    backends, or for stand-alone test cases.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, sock: socket.socket) -> None:
+        self.sock = sock
+        self.read_lock = threading.Lock()
+        self.write_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    def get_http_version(self) -> str:
+        selected_alpn_protocol = getattr(self.sock, "selected_alpn_protocol", None)
+        if selected_alpn_protocol is not None:
+            ident = selected_alpn_protocol()
+            return "HTTP/2" if ident == "h2" else "HTTP/1.1"
+        return "HTTP/1.1"
+
+    def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> "SyncSocketStream":
+        connect_timeout = timeout.get("connect")
+        exc_map = {socket.timeout: ConnectTimeout, socket.error: ConnectError}
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            self.sock.settimeout(connect_timeout)
+            wrapped = ssl_context.wrap_socket(
+                self.sock, server_hostname=hostname.decode("ascii")
+            )
+
+        return SyncSocketStream(wrapped)
+
+    def read(self, n: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> bytes:
+        read_timeout = timeout.get("read")
+        exc_map = {socket.timeout: ReadTimeout, socket.error: ReadError}
+
+        with self.read_lock:
+            with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+                self.sock.settimeout(read_timeout)
+                return self.sock.recv(n)
+
+    def write(self, data: bytes, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        write_timeout = timeout.get("write")
+        exc_map = {socket.timeout: WriteTimeout, socket.error: WriteError}
+
+        with self.write_lock:
+            with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+                while data:
+                    self.sock.settimeout(write_timeout)
+                    n = self.sock.send(data)
+                    data = data[n:]
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        with self.write_lock:
+            try:
+                self.sock.close()
+            except socket.error:
+                pass
+
+    def is_readable(self) -> bool:
+        return is_socket_readable(self.sock)
+
+
+class SyncLock:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> None:
+        self.acquire()
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.release()
+
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        self._lock.release()
+
+    def acquire(self) -> None:
+        self._lock.acquire()
+
+
+class SyncSemaphore:
+    def __init__(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> None:
+        self.max_value = max_value
+        self.exc_class = exc_class
+        self._semaphore = threading.Semaphore(max_value)
+
+    def acquire(self, timeout: float = None) -> None:
+        if not self._semaphore.acquire(timeout=timeout):  # type: ignore
+            raise self.exc_class()
+
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        self._semaphore.release()
+
+
+class SyncBackend:
+    def open_tcp_stream(
+        self,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        port: int,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+        *,
+        local_address: Optional[str],
+    ) -> SyncSocketStream:
+        address = (hostname.decode("ascii"), port)
+        connect_timeout = timeout.get("connect")
+        source_address = None if local_address is None else (local_address, 0)
+        exc_map = {socket.timeout: ConnectTimeout, socket.error: ConnectError}
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            sock = socket.create_connection(
+                address, connect_timeout, source_address=source_address  # type: ignore
+            )
+            if ssl_context is not None:
+                sock = ssl_context.wrap_socket(
+                    sock, server_hostname=hostname.decode("ascii")
+                )
+            return SyncSocketStream(sock=sock)
+
+    def open_uds_stream(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> SyncSocketStream:
+        connect_timeout = timeout.get("connect")
+        exc_map = {socket.timeout: ConnectTimeout, socket.error: ConnectError}
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+            sock.settimeout(connect_timeout)
+            sock.connect(path)
+
+            if ssl_context is not None:
+                sock = ssl_context.wrap_socket(
+                    sock, server_hostname=hostname.decode("ascii")
+                )
+
+            return SyncSocketStream(sock=sock)
+
+    def create_lock(self) -> SyncLock:
+        return SyncLock()
+
+    def create_semaphore(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> SyncSemaphore:
+        return SyncSemaphore(max_value, exc_class=exc_class)
+
+    def time(self) -> float:
+        return time.monotonic()
+
+    def sleep(self, seconds: float) -> None:
+        time.sleep(seconds)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/trio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/trio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6e67c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_backends/trio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import Optional
+
+import trio
+
+from .._exceptions import (
+    ConnectError,
+    ConnectTimeout,
+    ReadError,
+    ReadTimeout,
+    WriteError,
+    WriteTimeout,
+    map_exceptions,
+)
+from .._types import TimeoutDict
+from .base import AsyncBackend, AsyncLock, AsyncSemaphore, AsyncSocketStream
+
+
+def none_as_inf(value: Optional[float]) -> float:
+    return value if value is not None else float("inf")
+
+
+class SocketStream(AsyncSocketStream):
+    def __init__(self, stream: trio.abc.Stream) -> None:
+        self.stream = stream
+        self.read_lock = trio.Lock()
+        self.write_lock = trio.Lock()
+
+    def get_http_version(self) -> str:
+        if not isinstance(self.stream, trio.SSLStream):
+            return "HTTP/1.1"
+
+        ident = self.stream.selected_alpn_protocol()
+        return "HTTP/2" if ident == "h2" else "HTTP/1.1"
+
+    async def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> "SocketStream":
+        connect_timeout = none_as_inf(timeout.get("connect"))
+        exc_map = {
+            trio.TooSlowError: ConnectTimeout,
+            trio.BrokenResourceError: ConnectError,
+        }
+        ssl_stream = trio.SSLStream(
+            self.stream,
+            ssl_context=ssl_context,
+            server_hostname=hostname.decode("ascii"),
+        )
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            with trio.fail_after(connect_timeout):
+                await ssl_stream.do_handshake()
+            return SocketStream(ssl_stream)
+
+    async def read(self, n: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> bytes:
+        read_timeout = none_as_inf(timeout.get("read"))
+        exc_map = {trio.TooSlowError: ReadTimeout, trio.BrokenResourceError: ReadError}
+
+        async with self.read_lock:
+            with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+                try:
+                    with trio.fail_after(read_timeout):
+                        return await self.stream.receive_some(max_bytes=n)
+                except trio.TooSlowError as exc:
+                    await self.stream.aclose()
+                    raise exc
+
+    async def write(self, data: bytes, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        if not data:
+            return
+
+        write_timeout = none_as_inf(timeout.get("write"))
+        exc_map = {
+            trio.TooSlowError: WriteTimeout,
+            trio.BrokenResourceError: WriteError,
+        }
+
+        async with self.write_lock:
+            with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+                try:
+                    with trio.fail_after(write_timeout):
+                        return await self.stream.send_all(data)
+                except trio.TooSlowError as exc:
+                    await self.stream.aclose()
+                    raise exc
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        async with self.write_lock:
+            try:
+                await self.stream.aclose()
+            except trio.BrokenResourceError:
+                pass
+
+    def is_readable(self) -> bool:
+        # Adapted from: https://github.com/encode/httpx/pull/143#issuecomment-515202982
+        stream = self.stream
+
+        # Peek through any SSLStream wrappers to get the underlying SocketStream.
+        while isinstance(stream, trio.SSLStream):
+            stream = stream.transport_stream
+        assert isinstance(stream, trio.SocketStream)
+
+        return stream.socket.is_readable()
+
+
+class Lock(AsyncLock):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._lock = trio.Lock()
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        self._lock.release()
+
+    async def acquire(self) -> None:
+        await self._lock.acquire()
+
+
+class Semaphore(AsyncSemaphore):
+    def __init__(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type):
+        self.max_value = max_value
+        self.exc_class = exc_class
+
+    @property
+    def semaphore(self) -> trio.Semaphore:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_semaphore"):
+            self._semaphore = trio.Semaphore(self.max_value, max_value=self.max_value)
+        return self._semaphore
+
+    async def acquire(self, timeout: float = None) -> None:
+        timeout = none_as_inf(timeout)
+
+        with trio.move_on_after(timeout):
+            await self.semaphore.acquire()
+            return
+
+        raise self.exc_class()
+
+    async def release(self) -> None:
+        self.semaphore.release()
+
+
+class TrioBackend(AsyncBackend):
+    async def open_tcp_stream(
+        self,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        port: int,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+        *,
+        local_address: Optional[str],
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        connect_timeout = none_as_inf(timeout.get("connect"))
+        # Trio will support local_address from 0.16.1 onwards.
+        # We only include the keyword argument if a local_address
+        #  argument has been passed.
+        kwargs: dict = {} if local_address is None else {"local_address": local_address}
+        exc_map = {
+            OSError: ConnectError,
+            trio.TooSlowError: ConnectTimeout,
+            trio.BrokenResourceError: ConnectError,
+        }
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            with trio.fail_after(connect_timeout):
+                stream: trio.abc.Stream = await trio.open_tcp_stream(
+                    hostname, port, **kwargs
+                )
+
+                if ssl_context is not None:
+                    stream = trio.SSLStream(
+                        stream, ssl_context, server_hostname=hostname.decode("ascii")
+                    )
+                    await stream.do_handshake()
+
+                return SocketStream(stream=stream)
+
+    async def open_uds_stream(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        hostname: bytes,
+        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext],
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> AsyncSocketStream:
+        connect_timeout = none_as_inf(timeout.get("connect"))
+        exc_map = {
+            OSError: ConnectError,
+            trio.TooSlowError: ConnectTimeout,
+            trio.BrokenResourceError: ConnectError,
+        }
+
+        with map_exceptions(exc_map):
+            with trio.fail_after(connect_timeout):
+                stream: trio.abc.Stream = await trio.open_unix_socket(path)
+
+                if ssl_context is not None:
+                    stream = trio.SSLStream(
+                        stream, ssl_context, server_hostname=hostname.decode("ascii")
+                    )
+                    await stream.do_handshake()
+
+                return SocketStream(stream=stream)
+
+    def create_lock(self) -> AsyncLock:
+        return Lock()
+
+    def create_semaphore(self, max_value: int, exc_class: type) -> AsyncSemaphore:
+        return Semaphore(max_value, exc_class=exc_class)
+
+    async def time(self) -> float:
+        return trio.current_time()
+
+    async def sleep(self, seconds: float) -> None:
+        await trio.sleep(seconds)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_bytestreams.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_bytestreams.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..317f411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_bytestreams.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+from typing import AsyncIterator, Callable, Iterator
+
+from ._async.base import AsyncByteStream
+from ._sync.base import SyncByteStream
+
+
+class ByteStream(AsyncByteStream, SyncByteStream):
+    """
+    A concrete implementation for either sync or async byte streams.
+
+    Example::
+
+        stream = httpcore.ByteStream(b"123")
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    content:
+        A plain byte string used as the content of the stream.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, content: bytes) -> None:
+        self._content = content
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+        yield self._content
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        yield self._content
+
+
+class IteratorByteStream(SyncByteStream):
+    """
+    A concrete implementation for sync byte streams.
+
+    Example::
+
+        def generate_content():
+            yield b"Hello, world!"
+            ...
+
+        stream = httpcore.IteratorByteStream(generate_content())
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    iterator:
+        A sync byte iterator, used as the content of the stream.
+    close_func:
+        An optional function called when closing the stream.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, iterator: Iterator[bytes], close_func: Callable = None) -> None:
+        self._iterator = iterator
+        self._close_func = close_func
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+        for chunk in self._iterator:
+            yield chunk
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._close_func is not None:
+            self._close_func()
+
+
+class AsyncIteratorByteStream(AsyncByteStream):
+    """
+    A concrete implementation for async byte streams.
+
+    Example::
+
+        async def generate_content():
+            yield b"Hello, world!"
+            ...
+
+        stream = httpcore.AsyncIteratorByteStream(generate_content())
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    aiterator:
+        An async byte iterator, used as the content of the stream.
+    aclose_func:
+        An optional async function called when closing the stream.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, aiterator: AsyncIterator[bytes], aclose_func: Callable = None
+    ) -> None:
+        self._aiterator = aiterator
+        self._aclose_func = aclose_func
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        async for chunk in self._aiterator:
+            yield chunk
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        if self._aclose_func is not None:
+            await self._aclose_func()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba56829
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import contextlib
+from typing import Dict, Iterator, Type
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def map_exceptions(map: Dict[Type[Exception], Type[Exception]]) -> Iterator[None]:
+    try:
+        yield
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: PIE786
+        for from_exc, to_exc in map.items():
+            if isinstance(exc, from_exc):
+                raise to_exc(exc) from None
+        raise
+
+
+class UnsupportedProtocol(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class ProtocolError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class RemoteProtocolError(ProtocolError):
+    pass
+
+
+class LocalProtocolError(ProtocolError):
+    pass
+
+
+class ProxyError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+# Timeout errors
+
+
+class TimeoutException(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class PoolTimeout(TimeoutException):
+    pass
+
+
+class ConnectTimeout(TimeoutException):
+    pass
+
+
+class ReadTimeout(TimeoutException):
+    pass
+
+
+class WriteTimeout(TimeoutException):
+    pass
+
+
+# Network errors
+
+
+class NetworkError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class ConnectError(NetworkError):
+    pass
+
+
+class ReadError(NetworkError):
+    pass
+
+
+class WriteError(NetworkError):
+    pass
+
+
+class CloseError(NetworkError):
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..45ef4ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+import enum
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Iterator, Tuple, Type
+
+from .._types import URL, Headers, T
+
+
+class NewConnectionRequired(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class ConnectionState(enum.IntEnum):
+    """
+    PENDING  READY
+        |    |   ^
+        v    V   |
+        ACTIVE   |
+         |  |    |
+         |  V    |
+         V  IDLE-+
+       FULL   |
+         |    |
+         V    V
+         CLOSED
+    """
+
+    PENDING = 0  # Connection not yet acquired.
+    READY = 1  # Re-acquired from pool, about to send a request.
+    ACTIVE = 2  # Active requests.
+    FULL = 3  # Active requests, no more stream IDs available.
+    IDLE = 4  # No active requests.
+    CLOSED = 5  # Connection closed.
+
+
+class SyncByteStream:
+    """
+    The base interface for request and response bodies.
+
+    Concrete implementations should subclass this class, and implement
+    the :meth:`__iter__` method, and optionally the :meth:`close` method.
+    """
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+        """
+        Yield bytes representing the request or response body.
+        """
+        yield b""  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Must be called by the client to indicate that the stream has been closed.
+        """
+        pass  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def read(self) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            return b"".join([part for part in self])
+        finally:
+            self.close()
+
+
+class SyncHTTPTransport:
+    """
+    The base interface for sending HTTP requests.
+
+    Concrete implementations should subclass this class, and implement
+    the :meth:`handle_request` method, and optionally the :meth:`close` method.
+    """
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, SyncByteStream, dict]:
+        """
+        The interface for sending a single HTTP request, and returning a response.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        method:
+            The HTTP method, such as ``b'GET'``.
+        url:
+            The URL as a 4-tuple of (scheme, host, port, path).
+        headers:
+            Any HTTP headers to send with the request.
+        stream:
+            The body of the HTTP request.
+        extensions:
+            A dictionary of optional extensions.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        status_code:
+            The HTTP status code, such as ``200``.
+        headers:
+            Any HTTP headers included on the response.
+        stream:
+            The body of the HTTP response.
+        extensions:
+            A dictionary of optional extensions.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the implementation, which should close any outstanding response streams,
+        and any keep alive connections.
+        """
+
+    def __enter__(self: T) -> T:
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.close()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/connection.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..382a4f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, cast
+
+from .._backends.sync import SyncBackend, SyncLock, SyncSocketStream, SyncBackend
+from .._exceptions import ConnectError, ConnectTimeout
+from .._types import URL, Headers, Origin, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import exponential_backoff, get_logger, url_to_origin
+from .base import SyncByteStream, SyncHTTPTransport, NewConnectionRequired
+from .http import SyncBaseHTTPConnection
+from .http11 import SyncHTTP11Connection
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+RETRIES_BACKOFF_FACTOR = 0.5  # 0s, 0.5s, 1s, 2s, 4s, etc.
+
+
+class SyncHTTPConnection(SyncHTTPTransport):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        origin: Origin,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        keepalive_expiry: float = None,
+        uds: str = None,
+        ssl_context: SSLContext = None,
+        socket: SyncSocketStream = None,
+        local_address: str = None,
+        retries: int = 0,
+        backend: SyncBackend = None,
+    ):
+        self.origin = origin
+        self._http1_enabled = http1
+        self._http2_enabled = http2
+        self._keepalive_expiry = keepalive_expiry
+        self._uds = uds
+        self._ssl_context = SSLContext() if ssl_context is None else ssl_context
+        self.socket = socket
+        self._local_address = local_address
+        self._retries = retries
+
+        alpn_protocols: List[str] = []
+        if http1:
+            alpn_protocols.append("http/1.1")
+        if http2:
+            alpn_protocols.append("h2")
+
+        self._ssl_context.set_alpn_protocols(alpn_protocols)
+
+        self.connection: Optional[SyncBaseHTTPConnection] = None
+        self._is_http11 = False
+        self._is_http2 = False
+        self._connect_failed = False
+        self._expires_at: Optional[float] = None
+        self._backend = SyncBackend() if backend is None else backend
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<SyncHTTPConnection [{self.info()}]>"
+
+    def info(self) -> str:
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return "Connection failed" if self._connect_failed else "Connecting"
+        return self.connection.info()
+
+    def should_close(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is in a state where it should be closed.
+        This occurs when any of the following occur:
+
+        * There are no active requests on an HTTP/1.1 connection, and the underlying
+          socket is readable. The only valid state the socket can be readable in
+          if this occurs is when the b"" EOF marker is about to be returned,
+          indicating a server disconnect.
+        * There are no active requests being made and the keepalive timeout has passed.
+        """
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return False
+        return self.connection.should_close()
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle.
+        """
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return False
+        return self.connection.is_idle()
+
+    def is_closed(self) -> bool:
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return self._connect_failed
+        return self.connection.is_closed()
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently able to accept an outgoing request.
+        This occurs when any of the following occur:
+
+        * The connection has not yet been opened, and HTTP/2 support is enabled.
+          We don't *know* at this point if we'll end up on an HTTP/2 connection or
+          not, but we *might* do, so we indicate availability.
+        * The connection has been opened, and is currently idle.
+        * The connection is open, and is an HTTP/2 connection. The connection must
+          also not currently be exceeding the maximum number of allowable concurrent
+          streams and must not have exhausted the maximum total number of stream IDs.
+        """
+        if self.connection is None:
+            return self._http2_enabled and not self.is_closed
+        return self.connection.is_available()
+
+    @property
+    def request_lock(self) -> SyncLock:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_request_lock"):
+            self._request_lock = self._backend.create_lock()
+        return self._request_lock
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, SyncByteStream, dict]:
+        assert url_to_origin(url) == self.origin
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        with self.request_lock:
+            if self.connection is None:
+                if self._connect_failed:
+                    raise NewConnectionRequired()
+                if not self.socket:
+                    logger.trace(
+                        "open_socket origin=%r timeout=%r", self.origin, timeout
+                    )
+                    self.socket = self._open_socket(timeout)
+                self._create_connection(self.socket)
+            elif not self.connection.is_available():
+                raise NewConnectionRequired()
+
+        assert self.connection is not None
+        logger.trace(
+            "connection.handle_request method=%r url=%r headers=%r",
+            method,
+            url,
+            headers,
+        )
+        return self.connection.handle_request(
+            method, url, headers, stream, extensions
+        )
+
+    def _open_socket(self, timeout: TimeoutDict = None) -> SyncSocketStream:
+        scheme, hostname, port = self.origin
+        timeout = {} if timeout is None else timeout
+        ssl_context = self._ssl_context if scheme == b"https" else None
+
+        retries_left = self._retries
+        delays = exponential_backoff(factor=RETRIES_BACKOFF_FACTOR)
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                if self._uds is None:
+                    return self._backend.open_tcp_stream(
+                        hostname,
+                        port,
+                        ssl_context,
+                        timeout,
+                        local_address=self._local_address,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    return self._backend.open_uds_stream(
+                        self._uds, hostname, ssl_context, timeout
+                    )
+            except (ConnectError, ConnectTimeout):
+                if retries_left <= 0:
+                    self._connect_failed = True
+                    raise
+                retries_left -= 1
+                delay = next(delays)
+                self._backend.sleep(delay)
+            except Exception:  # noqa: PIE786
+                self._connect_failed = True
+                raise
+
+    def _create_connection(self, socket: SyncSocketStream) -> None:
+        http_version = socket.get_http_version()
+        logger.trace(
+            "create_connection socket=%r http_version=%r", socket, http_version
+        )
+        if http_version == "HTTP/2" or (
+            self._http2_enabled and not self._http1_enabled
+        ):
+            from .http2 import SyncHTTP2Connection
+
+            self._is_http2 = True
+            self.connection = SyncHTTP2Connection(
+                socket=socket,
+                keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+                backend=self._backend,
+            )
+        else:
+            self._is_http11 = True
+            self.connection = SyncHTTP11Connection(
+                socket=socket, keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry
+            )
+
+    def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict = None
+    ) -> None:
+        if self.connection is not None:
+            logger.trace("start_tls hostname=%r timeout=%r", hostname, timeout)
+            self.socket = self.connection.start_tls(
+                hostname, ssl_context, timeout
+            )
+            logger.trace("start_tls complete hostname=%r timeout=%r", hostname, timeout)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        with self.request_lock:
+            if self.connection is not None:
+                self.connection.close()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/connection_pool.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/connection_pool.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0bd759d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/connection_pool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+import warnings
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import (
+    Iterator,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from .._backends.sync import SyncBackend, SyncLock, SyncSemaphore
+from .._backends.base import lookup_sync_backend
+from .._exceptions import LocalProtocolError, PoolTimeout, UnsupportedProtocol
+from .._threadlock import ThreadLock
+from .._types import URL, Headers, Origin, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import get_logger, origin_to_url_string, url_to_origin
+from .base import SyncByteStream, SyncHTTPTransport, NewConnectionRequired
+from .connection import SyncHTTPConnection
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+class NullSemaphore(SyncSemaphore):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def acquire(self, timeout: float = None) -> None:
+        return
+
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        return
+
+
+class ResponseByteStream(SyncByteStream):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        connection: SyncHTTPConnection,
+        callback: Callable,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        A wrapper around the response stream that we return from
+        `.handle_request()`.
+
+        Ensures that when `stream.close()` is called, the connection pool
+        is notified via a callback.
+        """
+        self.stream = stream
+        self.connection = connection
+        self.callback = callback
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+        for chunk in self.stream:
+            yield chunk
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            # Call the underlying stream close callback.
+            # This will be a call to `SyncHTTP11Connection._response_closed()`
+            # or `SyncHTTP2Stream._response_closed()`.
+            self.stream.close()
+        finally:
+            # Call the connection pool close callback.
+            # This will be a call to `SyncConnectionPool._response_closed()`.
+            self.callback(self.connection)
+
+
+class SyncConnectionPool(SyncHTTPTransport):
+    """
+    A connection pool for making HTTP requests.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ssl_context:
+        An SSL context to use for verifying connections.
+    max_connections:
+        The maximum number of concurrent connections to allow.
+    max_keepalive_connections:
+        The maximum number of connections to allow before closing keep-alive
+        connections.
+    keepalive_expiry:
+        The maximum time to allow before closing a keep-alive connection.
+    http1:
+        Enable/Disable HTTP/1.1 support. Defaults to True.
+    http2:
+        Enable/Disable HTTP/2 support. Defaults to False.
+    uds:
+        Path to a Unix Domain Socket to use instead of TCP sockets.
+    local_address:
+        Local address to connect from. Can also be used to connect using a particular
+        address family. Using ``local_address="0.0.0.0"`` will connect using an
+        ``AF_INET`` address (IPv4), while using ``local_address="::"`` will connect
+        using an ``AF_INET6`` address (IPv6).
+    retries:
+        The maximum number of retries when trying to establish a connection.
+    backend:
+        A name indicating which concurrency backend to use.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        ssl_context: SSLContext = None,
+        max_connections: int = None,
+        max_keepalive_connections: int = None,
+        keepalive_expiry: float = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        uds: str = None,
+        local_address: str = None,
+        retries: int = 0,
+        max_keepalive: int = None,
+        backend: Union[SyncBackend, str] = "sync",
+    ):
+        if max_keepalive is not None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "'max_keepalive' is deprecated. Use 'max_keepalive_connections'.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            max_keepalive_connections = max_keepalive
+
+        if isinstance(backend, str):
+            backend = lookup_sync_backend(backend)
+
+        self._ssl_context = SSLContext() if ssl_context is None else ssl_context
+        self._max_connections = max_connections
+        self._max_keepalive_connections = max_keepalive_connections
+        self._keepalive_expiry = keepalive_expiry
+        self._http1 = http1
+        self._http2 = http2
+        self._uds = uds
+        self._local_address = local_address
+        self._retries = retries
+        self._connections: Dict[Origin, Set[SyncHTTPConnection]] = {}
+        self._thread_lock = ThreadLock()
+        self._backend = backend
+        self._next_keepalive_check = 0.0
+
+        if not (http1 or http2):
+            raise ValueError("Either http1 or http2 must be True.")
+
+        if http2:
+            try:
+                import h2  # noqa: F401
+            except ImportError:
+                raise ImportError(
+                    "Attempted to use http2=True, but the 'h2' "
+                    "package is not installed. Use 'pip install httpcore[http2]'."
+                )
+
+    @property
+    def _connection_semaphore(self) -> SyncSemaphore:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_internal_semaphore"):
+            if self._max_connections is not None:
+                self._internal_semaphore = self._backend.create_semaphore(
+                    self._max_connections, exc_class=PoolTimeout
+                )
+            else:
+                self._internal_semaphore = NullSemaphore()
+
+        return self._internal_semaphore
+
+    @property
+    def _connection_acquiry_lock(self) -> SyncLock:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_internal_connection_acquiry_lock"):
+            self._internal_connection_acquiry_lock = self._backend.create_lock()
+        return self._internal_connection_acquiry_lock
+
+    def _create_connection(
+        self,
+        origin: Tuple[bytes, bytes, int],
+    ) -> SyncHTTPConnection:
+        return SyncHTTPConnection(
+            origin=origin,
+            http1=self._http1,
+            http2=self._http2,
+            keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+            uds=self._uds,
+            ssl_context=self._ssl_context,
+            local_address=self._local_address,
+            retries=self._retries,
+            backend=self._backend,
+        )
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, SyncByteStream, dict]:
+        if not url[0]:
+            raise UnsupportedProtocol(
+                "Request URL missing either an 'http://' or 'https://' protocol."
+            )
+
+        if url[0] not in (b"http", b"https"):
+            protocol = url[0].decode("ascii")
+            raise UnsupportedProtocol(
+                f"Request URL has an unsupported protocol '{protocol}://'."
+            )
+
+        if not url[1]:
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Missing hostname in URL.")
+
+        origin = url_to_origin(url)
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        self._keepalive_sweep()
+
+        connection: Optional[SyncHTTPConnection] = None
+        while connection is None:
+            with self._connection_acquiry_lock:
+                # We get-or-create a connection as an atomic operation, to ensure
+                # that HTTP/2 requests issued in close concurrency will end up
+                # on the same connection.
+                logger.trace("get_connection_from_pool=%r", origin)
+                connection = self._get_connection_from_pool(origin)
+
+                if connection is None:
+                    connection = self._create_connection(origin=origin)
+                    logger.trace("created connection=%r", connection)
+                    self._add_to_pool(connection, timeout=timeout)
+                else:
+                    logger.trace("reuse connection=%r", connection)
+
+            try:
+                response = connection.handle_request(
+                    method, url, headers=headers, stream=stream, extensions=extensions
+                )
+            except NewConnectionRequired:
+                connection = None
+            except BaseException:  # noqa: PIE786
+                # See https://github.com/encode/httpcore/pull/305 for motivation
+                # behind catching 'BaseException' rather than 'Exception' here.
+                logger.trace("remove from pool connection=%r", connection)
+                self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+                raise
+
+        status_code, headers, stream, extensions = response
+        wrapped_stream = ResponseByteStream(
+            stream, connection=connection, callback=self._response_closed
+        )
+        return status_code, headers, wrapped_stream, extensions
+
+    def _get_connection_from_pool(
+        self, origin: Origin
+    ) -> Optional[SyncHTTPConnection]:
+        # Determine expired keep alive connections on this origin.
+        reuse_connection = None
+        connections_to_close = set()
+
+        for connection in self._connections_for_origin(origin):
+            if connection.should_close():
+                connections_to_close.add(connection)
+                self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+            elif connection.is_available():
+                reuse_connection = connection
+
+        # Close any dropped connections.
+        for connection in connections_to_close:
+            connection.close()
+
+        return reuse_connection
+
+    def _response_closed(self, connection: SyncHTTPConnection) -> None:
+        remove_from_pool = False
+        close_connection = False
+
+        if connection.is_closed():
+            remove_from_pool = True
+        elif connection.is_idle():
+            num_connections = len(self._get_all_connections())
+            if (
+                self._max_keepalive_connections is not None
+                and num_connections > self._max_keepalive_connections
+            ):
+                remove_from_pool = True
+                close_connection = True
+
+        if remove_from_pool:
+            self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+
+        if close_connection:
+            connection.close()
+
+    def _keepalive_sweep(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Remove any IDLE connections that have expired past their keep-alive time.
+        """
+        if self._keepalive_expiry is None:
+            return
+
+        now = self._backend.time()
+        if now < self._next_keepalive_check:
+            return
+
+        self._next_keepalive_check = now + min(1.0, self._keepalive_expiry)
+        connections_to_close = set()
+
+        for connection in self._get_all_connections():
+            if connection.should_close():
+                connections_to_close.add(connection)
+                self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+
+        for connection in connections_to_close:
+            connection.close()
+
+    def _add_to_pool(
+        self, connection: SyncHTTPConnection, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        logger.trace("adding connection to pool=%r", connection)
+        self._connection_semaphore.acquire(timeout=timeout.get("pool", None))
+        with self._thread_lock:
+            self._connections.setdefault(connection.origin, set())
+            self._connections[connection.origin].add(connection)
+
+    def _remove_from_pool(self, connection: SyncHTTPConnection) -> None:
+        logger.trace("removing connection from pool=%r", connection)
+        with self._thread_lock:
+            if connection in self._connections.get(connection.origin, set()):
+                self._connection_semaphore.release()
+                self._connections[connection.origin].remove(connection)
+                if not self._connections[connection.origin]:
+                    del self._connections[connection.origin]
+
+    def _connections_for_origin(self, origin: Origin) -> Set[SyncHTTPConnection]:
+        return set(self._connections.get(origin, set()))
+
+    def _get_all_connections(self) -> Set[SyncHTTPConnection]:
+        connections: Set[SyncHTTPConnection] = set()
+        for connection_set in self._connections.values():
+            connections |= connection_set
+        return connections
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        connections = self._get_all_connections()
+        for connection in connections:
+            self._remove_from_pool(connection)
+
+        # Close all connections
+        for connection in connections:
+            connection.close()
+
+    def get_connection_info(self) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
+        """
+        Returns a dict of origin URLs to a list of summary strings for each connection.
+        """
+        self._keepalive_sweep()
+
+        stats = {}
+        for origin, connections in self._connections.items():
+            stats[origin_to_url_string(origin)] = sorted(
+                [connection.info() for connection in connections]
+            )
+        return stats
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c128a96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from ssl import SSLContext
+
+from .._backends.sync import SyncSocketStream
+from .._types import TimeoutDict
+from .base import SyncHTTPTransport
+
+
+class SyncBaseHTTPConnection(SyncHTTPTransport):
+    def info(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def should_close(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is in a state where it should be closed.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def is_closed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection has been closed.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently able to accept an outgoing request.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict = None
+    ) -> SyncSocketStream:
+        """
+        Upgrade the underlying socket to TLS.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http11.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http11.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5dbb42e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http11.py
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+import enum
+import time
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import Iterator, List, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+import h11
+
+from .._backends.sync import SyncSocketStream
+from .._bytestreams import IteratorByteStream
+from .._exceptions import LocalProtocolError, RemoteProtocolError, map_exceptions
+from .._types import URL, Headers, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import get_logger
+from .base import SyncByteStream, NewConnectionRequired
+from .http import SyncBaseHTTPConnection
+
+H11Event = Union[
+    h11.Request,
+    h11.Response,
+    h11.InformationalResponse,
+    h11.Data,
+    h11.EndOfMessage,
+    h11.ConnectionClosed,
+]
+
+
+class ConnectionState(enum.IntEnum):
+    NEW = 0
+    ACTIVE = 1
+    IDLE = 2
+    CLOSED = 3
+
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+class SyncHTTP11Connection(SyncBaseHTTPConnection):
+    READ_NUM_BYTES = 64 * 1024
+
+    def __init__(self, socket: SyncSocketStream, keepalive_expiry: float = None):
+        self.socket = socket
+
+        self._keepalive_expiry: Optional[float] = keepalive_expiry
+        self._should_expire_at: Optional[float] = None
+        self._h11_state = h11.Connection(our_role=h11.CLIENT)
+        self._state = ConnectionState.NEW
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<SyncHTTP11Connection [{self._state.name}]>"
+
+    def _now(self) -> float:
+        return time.monotonic()
+
+    def _server_disconnected(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return True if the connection is idle, and the underlying socket is readable.
+        The only valid state the socket can be readable here is when the b""
+        EOF marker is about to be returned, indicating a server disconnect.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE and self.socket.is_readable()
+
+    def _keepalive_expired(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return True if the connection is idle, and has passed it's keepalive
+        expiry time.
+        """
+        return (
+            self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+            and self._should_expire_at is not None
+            and self._now() >= self._should_expire_at
+        )
+
+    def info(self) -> str:
+        return f"HTTP/1.1, {self._state.name}"
+
+    def should_close(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is in a state where it should be closed.
+        """
+        return self._server_disconnected() or self._keepalive_expired()
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+
+    def is_closed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection has been closed.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.CLOSED
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently able to accept an outgoing request.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, SyncByteStream, dict]:
+        """
+        Send a single HTTP/1.1 request.
+
+        Note that there is no kind of task/thread locking at this layer of interface.
+        Dealing with locking for concurrency is handled by the `SyncHTTPConnection`.
+        """
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        if self._state in (ConnectionState.NEW, ConnectionState.IDLE):
+            self._state = ConnectionState.ACTIVE
+            self._should_expire_at = None
+        else:
+            raise NewConnectionRequired()
+
+        self._send_request(method, url, headers, timeout)
+        self._send_request_body(stream, timeout)
+        (
+            http_version,
+            status_code,
+            reason_phrase,
+            headers,
+        ) = self._receive_response(timeout)
+        response_stream = IteratorByteStream(
+            iterator=self._receive_response_data(timeout),
+            close_func=self._response_closed,
+        )
+        extensions = {
+            "http_version": http_version,
+            "reason_phrase": reason_phrase,
+        }
+        return (status_code, headers, response_stream, extensions)
+
+    def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict = None
+    ) -> SyncSocketStream:
+        timeout = {} if timeout is None else timeout
+        self.socket = self.socket.start_tls(hostname, ssl_context, timeout)
+        return self.socket
+
+    def _send_request(
+        self, method: bytes, url: URL, headers: Headers, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Send the request line and headers.
+        """
+        logger.trace("send_request method=%r url=%r headers=%s", method, url, headers)
+        _scheme, _host, _port, target = url
+        with map_exceptions({h11.LocalProtocolError: LocalProtocolError}):
+            event = h11.Request(method=method, target=target, headers=headers)
+        self._send_event(event, timeout)
+
+    def _send_request_body(
+        self, stream: SyncByteStream, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Send the request body.
+        """
+        # Send the request body.
+        for chunk in stream:
+            logger.trace("send_data=Data(<%d bytes>)", len(chunk))
+            event = h11.Data(data=chunk)
+            self._send_event(event, timeout)
+
+        # Finalize sending the request.
+        event = h11.EndOfMessage()
+        self._send_event(event, timeout)
+
+    def _send_event(self, event: H11Event, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a single `h11` event to the network, waiting for the data to
+        drain before returning.
+        """
+        bytes_to_send = self._h11_state.send(event)
+        self.socket.write(bytes_to_send, timeout)
+
+    def _receive_response(
+        self, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> Tuple[bytes, int, bytes, List[Tuple[bytes, bytes]]]:
+        """
+        Read the response status and headers from the network.
+        """
+        while True:
+            event = self._receive_event(timeout)
+            if isinstance(event, h11.Response):
+                break
+
+        http_version = b"HTTP/" + event.http_version
+
+        # h11 version 0.11+ supports a `raw_items` interface to get the
+        # raw header casing, rather than the enforced lowercase headers.
+        headers = event.headers.raw_items()
+
+        return http_version, event.status_code, event.reason, headers
+
+    def _receive_response_data(
+        self, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+        """
+        Read the response data from the network.
+        """
+        while True:
+            event = self._receive_event(timeout)
+            if isinstance(event, h11.Data):
+                logger.trace("receive_event=Data(<%d bytes>)", len(event.data))
+                yield bytes(event.data)
+            elif isinstance(event, (h11.EndOfMessage, h11.PAUSED)):
+                logger.trace("receive_event=%r", event)
+                break
+
+    def _receive_event(self, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> H11Event:
+        """
+        Read a single `h11` event, reading more data from the network if needed.
+        """
+        while True:
+            with map_exceptions({h11.RemoteProtocolError: RemoteProtocolError}):
+                event = self._h11_state.next_event()
+
+            if event is h11.NEED_DATA:
+                data = self.socket.read(self.READ_NUM_BYTES, timeout)
+
+                # If we feed this case through h11 we'll raise an exception like:
+                #
+                #     httpcore.RemoteProtocolError: can't handle event type
+                #     ConnectionClosed when role=SERVER and state=SEND_RESPONSE
+                #
+                # Which is accurate, but not very informative from an end-user
+                # perspective. Instead we handle messaging for this case distinctly.
+                if data == b"" and self._h11_state.their_state == h11.SEND_RESPONSE:
+                    msg = "Server disconnected without sending a response."
+                    raise RemoteProtocolError(msg)
+
+                self._h11_state.receive_data(data)
+            else:
+                assert event is not h11.NEED_DATA
+                break
+        return event
+
+    def _response_closed(self) -> None:
+        logger.trace(
+            "response_closed our_state=%r their_state=%r",
+            self._h11_state.our_state,
+            self._h11_state.their_state,
+        )
+        if (
+            self._h11_state.our_state is h11.DONE
+            and self._h11_state.their_state is h11.DONE
+        ):
+            self._h11_state.start_next_cycle()
+            self._state = ConnectionState.IDLE
+            if self._keepalive_expiry is not None:
+                self._should_expire_at = self._now() + self._keepalive_expiry
+        else:
+            self.close()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._state != ConnectionState.CLOSED:
+            self._state = ConnectionState.CLOSED
+
+            if self._h11_state.our_state is h11.MUST_CLOSE:
+                event = h11.ConnectionClosed()
+                self._h11_state.send(event)
+
+            self.socket.close()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http2.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90caf5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+import enum
+import time
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import Iterator, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, cast
+
+import h2.connection
+import h2.events
+from h2.config import H2Configuration
+from h2.exceptions import NoAvailableStreamIDError
+from h2.settings import SettingCodes, Settings
+
+from .._backends.sync import SyncBackend, SyncLock, SyncSemaphore, SyncSocketStream
+from .._bytestreams import IteratorByteStream
+from .._exceptions import LocalProtocolError, PoolTimeout, RemoteProtocolError
+from .._types import URL, Headers, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import get_logger
+from .base import SyncByteStream, NewConnectionRequired
+from .http import SyncBaseHTTPConnection
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+class ConnectionState(enum.IntEnum):
+    IDLE = 0
+    ACTIVE = 1
+    CLOSED = 2
+
+
+class SyncHTTP2Connection(SyncBaseHTTPConnection):
+    READ_NUM_BYTES = 64 * 1024
+    CONFIG = H2Configuration(validate_inbound_headers=False)
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        socket: SyncSocketStream,
+        backend: SyncBackend,
+        keepalive_expiry: float = None,
+    ):
+        self.socket = socket
+
+        self._backend = backend
+        self._h2_state = h2.connection.H2Connection(config=self.CONFIG)
+
+        self._sent_connection_init = False
+        self._streams: Dict[int, SyncHTTP2Stream] = {}
+        self._events: Dict[int, List[h2.events.Event]] = {}
+
+        self._keepalive_expiry: Optional[float] = keepalive_expiry
+        self._should_expire_at: Optional[float] = None
+        self._state = ConnectionState.ACTIVE
+        self._exhausted_available_stream_ids = False
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<SyncHTTP2Connection [{self._state}]>"
+
+    def info(self) -> str:
+        return f"HTTP/2, {self._state.name}, {len(self._streams)} streams"
+
+    def _now(self) -> float:
+        return time.monotonic()
+
+    def should_close(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle, and the keepalive
+        timeout has passed.
+        """
+        return (
+            self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+            and self._should_expire_at is not None
+            and self._now() >= self._should_expire_at
+        )
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently idle.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.IDLE
+
+    def is_closed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection has been closed.
+        """
+        return self._state == ConnectionState.CLOSED
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` if the connection is currently able to accept an outgoing request.
+        This occurs when any of the following occur:
+
+        * The connection has not yet been opened, and HTTP/2 support is enabled.
+          We don't *know* at this point if we'll end up on an HTTP/2 connection or
+          not, but we *might* do, so we indicate availability.
+        * The connection has been opened, and is currently idle.
+        * The connection is open, and is an HTTP/2 connection. The connection must
+          also not have exhausted the maximum total number of stream IDs.
+        """
+        return (
+            self._state != ConnectionState.CLOSED
+            and not self._exhausted_available_stream_ids
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def init_lock(self) -> SyncLock:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_initialization_lock"):
+            self._initialization_lock = self._backend.create_lock()
+        return self._initialization_lock
+
+    @property
+    def read_lock(self) -> SyncLock:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_read_lock"):
+            self._read_lock = self._backend.create_lock()
+        return self._read_lock
+
+    @property
+    def max_streams_semaphore(self) -> SyncSemaphore:
+        # We do this lazily, to make sure backend autodetection always
+        # runs within an async context.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_max_streams_semaphore"):
+            max_streams = self._h2_state.local_settings.max_concurrent_streams
+            self._max_streams_semaphore = self._backend.create_semaphore(
+                max_streams, exc_class=PoolTimeout
+            )
+        return self._max_streams_semaphore
+
+    def start_tls(
+        self, hostname: bytes, ssl_context: SSLContext, timeout: TimeoutDict = None
+    ) -> SyncSocketStream:
+        raise NotImplementedError("TLS upgrade not supported on HTTP/2 connections.")
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, SyncByteStream, dict]:
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        with self.init_lock:
+            if not self._sent_connection_init:
+                # The very first stream is responsible for initiating the connection.
+                self._state = ConnectionState.ACTIVE
+                self.send_connection_init(timeout)
+                self._sent_connection_init = True
+
+        self.max_streams_semaphore.acquire()
+        try:
+            try:
+                stream_id = self._h2_state.get_next_available_stream_id()
+            except NoAvailableStreamIDError:
+                self._exhausted_available_stream_ids = True
+                raise NewConnectionRequired()
+            else:
+                self._state = ConnectionState.ACTIVE
+                self._should_expire_at = None
+
+            h2_stream = SyncHTTP2Stream(stream_id=stream_id, connection=self)
+            self._streams[stream_id] = h2_stream
+            self._events[stream_id] = []
+            return h2_stream.handle_request(
+                method, url, headers, stream, extensions
+            )
+        except Exception:  # noqa: PIE786
+            self.max_streams_semaphore.release()
+            raise
+
+    def send_connection_init(self, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        """
+        The HTTP/2 connection requires some initial setup before we can start
+        using individual request/response streams on it.
+        """
+        # Need to set these manually here instead of manipulating via
+        # __setitem__() otherwise the H2Connection will emit SettingsUpdate
+        # frames in addition to sending the undesired defaults.
+        self._h2_state.local_settings = Settings(
+            client=True,
+            initial_values={
+                # Disable PUSH_PROMISE frames from the server since we don't do anything
+                # with them for now.  Maybe when we support caching?
+                SettingCodes.ENABLE_PUSH: 0,
+                # These two are taken from h2 for safe defaults
+                SettingCodes.MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS: 100,
+                SettingCodes.MAX_HEADER_LIST_SIZE: 65536,
+            },
+        )
+
+        # Some websites (*cough* Yahoo *cough*) balk at this setting being
+        # present in the initial handshake since it's not defined in the original
+        # RFC despite the RFC mandating ignoring settings you don't know about.
+        del self._h2_state.local_settings[
+            h2.settings.SettingCodes.ENABLE_CONNECT_PROTOCOL
+        ]
+
+        logger.trace("initiate_connection=%r", self)
+        self._h2_state.initiate_connection()
+        self._h2_state.increment_flow_control_window(2 ** 24)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    def is_socket_readable(self) -> bool:
+        return self.socket.is_readable()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        logger.trace("close_connection=%r", self)
+        if self._state != ConnectionState.CLOSED:
+            self._state = ConnectionState.CLOSED
+
+            self.socket.close()
+
+    def wait_for_outgoing_flow(self, stream_id: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> int:
+        """
+        Returns the maximum allowable outgoing flow for a given stream.
+        If the allowable flow is zero, then waits on the network until
+        WindowUpdated frames have increased the flow rate.
+        https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7540#section-6.9
+        """
+        local_flow = self._h2_state.local_flow_control_window(stream_id)
+        connection_flow = self._h2_state.max_outbound_frame_size
+        flow = min(local_flow, connection_flow)
+        while flow == 0:
+            self.receive_events(timeout)
+            local_flow = self._h2_state.local_flow_control_window(stream_id)
+            connection_flow = self._h2_state.max_outbound_frame_size
+            flow = min(local_flow, connection_flow)
+        return flow
+
+    def wait_for_event(
+        self, stream_id: int, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> h2.events.Event:
+        """
+        Returns the next event for a given stream.
+        If no events are available yet, then waits on the network until
+        an event is available.
+        """
+        with self.read_lock:
+            while not self._events[stream_id]:
+                self.receive_events(timeout)
+        return self._events[stream_id].pop(0)
+
+    def receive_events(self, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        """
+        Read some data from the network, and update the H2 state.
+        """
+        data = self.socket.read(self.READ_NUM_BYTES, timeout)
+        if data == b"":
+            raise RemoteProtocolError("Server disconnected")
+
+        events = self._h2_state.receive_data(data)
+        for event in events:
+            event_stream_id = getattr(event, "stream_id", 0)
+            logger.trace("receive_event stream_id=%r event=%s", event_stream_id, event)
+
+            if hasattr(event, "error_code"):
+                raise RemoteProtocolError(event)
+
+            if event_stream_id in self._events:
+                self._events[event_stream_id].append(event)
+
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    def send_headers(
+        self, stream_id: int, headers: Headers, end_stream: bool, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        logger.trace("send_headers stream_id=%r headers=%r", stream_id, headers)
+        self._h2_state.send_headers(stream_id, headers, end_stream=end_stream)
+        self._h2_state.increment_flow_control_window(2 ** 24, stream_id=stream_id)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    def send_data(
+        self, stream_id: int, chunk: bytes, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        logger.trace("send_data stream_id=%r chunk=%r", stream_id, chunk)
+        self._h2_state.send_data(stream_id, chunk)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    def end_stream(self, stream_id: int, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        logger.trace("end_stream stream_id=%r", stream_id)
+        self._h2_state.end_stream(stream_id)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    def acknowledge_received_data(
+        self, stream_id: int, amount: int, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> None:
+        self._h2_state.acknowledge_received_data(amount, stream_id)
+        data_to_send = self._h2_state.data_to_send()
+        self.socket.write(data_to_send, timeout)
+
+    def close_stream(self, stream_id: int) -> None:
+        try:
+            logger.trace("close_stream stream_id=%r", stream_id)
+            del self._streams[stream_id]
+            del self._events[stream_id]
+
+            if not self._streams:
+                if self._state == ConnectionState.ACTIVE:
+                    if self._exhausted_available_stream_ids:
+                        self.close()
+                    else:
+                        self._state = ConnectionState.IDLE
+                        if self._keepalive_expiry is not None:
+                            self._should_expire_at = (
+                                self._now() + self._keepalive_expiry
+                            )
+        finally:
+            self.max_streams_semaphore.release()
+
+
+class SyncHTTP2Stream:
+    def __init__(self, stream_id: int, connection: SyncHTTP2Connection) -> None:
+        self.stream_id = stream_id
+        self.connection = connection
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, SyncByteStream, dict]:
+        headers = [(k.lower(), v) for (k, v) in headers]
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+
+        # Send the request.
+        seen_headers = set(key for key, value in headers)
+        has_body = (
+            b"content-length" in seen_headers or b"transfer-encoding" in seen_headers
+        )
+
+        self.send_headers(method, url, headers, has_body, timeout)
+        if has_body:
+            self.send_body(stream, timeout)
+
+        # Receive the response.
+        status_code, headers = self.receive_response(timeout)
+        response_stream = IteratorByteStream(
+            iterator=self.body_iter(timeout), close_func=self._response_closed
+        )
+
+        extensions = {
+            "http_version": b"HTTP/2",
+        }
+        return (status_code, headers, response_stream, extensions)
+
+    def send_headers(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        has_body: bool,
+        timeout: TimeoutDict,
+    ) -> None:
+        scheme, hostname, port, path = url
+
+        # In HTTP/2 the ':authority' pseudo-header is used instead of 'Host'.
+        # In order to gracefully handle HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 we always require
+        # HTTP/1.1 style headers, and map them appropriately if we end up on
+        # an HTTP/2 connection.
+        authority = None
+
+        for k, v in headers:
+            if k == b"host":
+                authority = v
+                break
+
+        if authority is None:
+            # Mirror the same error we'd see with `h11`, so that the behaviour
+            # is consistent. Although we're dealing with an `:authority`
+            # pseudo-header by this point, from an end-user perspective the issue
+            # is that the outgoing request needed to include a `host` header.
+            raise LocalProtocolError("Missing mandatory Host: header")
+
+        headers = [
+            (b":method", method),
+            (b":authority", authority),
+            (b":scheme", scheme),
+            (b":path", path),
+        ] + [
+            (k, v)
+            for k, v in headers
+            if k
+            not in (
+                b"host",
+                b"transfer-encoding",
+            )
+        ]
+        end_stream = not has_body
+
+        self.connection.send_headers(self.stream_id, headers, end_stream, timeout)
+
+    def send_body(self, stream: SyncByteStream, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> None:
+        for data in stream:
+            while data:
+                max_flow = self.connection.wait_for_outgoing_flow(
+                    self.stream_id, timeout
+                )
+                chunk_size = min(len(data), max_flow)
+                chunk, data = data[:chunk_size], data[chunk_size:]
+                self.connection.send_data(self.stream_id, chunk, timeout)
+
+        self.connection.end_stream(self.stream_id, timeout)
+
+    def receive_response(
+        self, timeout: TimeoutDict
+    ) -> Tuple[int, List[Tuple[bytes, bytes]]]:
+        """
+        Read the response status and headers from the network.
+        """
+        while True:
+            event = self.connection.wait_for_event(self.stream_id, timeout)
+            if isinstance(event, h2.events.ResponseReceived):
+                break
+
+        status_code = 200
+        headers = []
+        for k, v in event.headers:
+            if k == b":status":
+                status_code = int(v.decode("ascii", errors="ignore"))
+            elif not k.startswith(b":"):
+                headers.append((k, v))
+
+        return (status_code, headers)
+
+    def body_iter(self, timeout: TimeoutDict) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+        while True:
+            event = self.connection.wait_for_event(self.stream_id, timeout)
+            if isinstance(event, h2.events.DataReceived):
+                amount = event.flow_controlled_length
+                self.connection.acknowledge_received_data(
+                    self.stream_id, amount, timeout
+                )
+                yield event.data
+            elif isinstance(event, (h2.events.StreamEnded, h2.events.StreamReset)):
+                break
+
+    def _response_closed(self) -> None:
+        self.connection.close_stream(self.stream_id)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http_proxy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http_proxy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..78c02e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_sync/http_proxy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+from http import HTTPStatus
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import Tuple, cast
+
+from .._bytestreams import ByteStream
+from .._exceptions import ProxyError
+from .._types import URL, Headers, TimeoutDict
+from .._utils import get_logger, url_to_origin
+from .base import SyncByteStream
+from .connection import SyncHTTPConnection
+from .connection_pool import SyncConnectionPool, ResponseByteStream
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+def get_reason_phrase(status_code: int) -> str:
+    try:
+        return HTTPStatus(status_code).phrase
+    except ValueError:
+        return ""
+
+
+def merge_headers(
+    default_headers: Headers = None, override_headers: Headers = None
+) -> Headers:
+    """
+    Append default_headers and override_headers, de-duplicating if a key existing in
+    both cases.
+    """
+    default_headers = [] if default_headers is None else default_headers
+    override_headers = [] if override_headers is None else override_headers
+    has_override = set([key.lower() for key, value in override_headers])
+    default_headers = [
+        (key, value)
+        for key, value in default_headers
+        if key.lower() not in has_override
+    ]
+    return default_headers + override_headers
+
+
+class SyncHTTPProxy(SyncConnectionPool):
+    """
+    A connection pool for making HTTP requests via an HTTP proxy.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    proxy_url:
+        The URL of the proxy service as a 4-tuple of (scheme, host, port, path).
+    proxy_headers:
+        A list of proxy headers to include.
+    proxy_mode:
+        A proxy mode to operate in. May be "DEFAULT", "FORWARD_ONLY", or "TUNNEL_ONLY".
+    ssl_context:
+        An SSL context to use for verifying connections.
+    max_connections:
+        The maximum number of concurrent connections to allow.
+    max_keepalive_connections:
+        The maximum number of connections to allow before closing keep-alive
+        connections.
+    http2:
+        Enable HTTP/2 support.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        proxy_url: URL,
+        proxy_headers: Headers = None,
+        proxy_mode: str = "DEFAULT",
+        ssl_context: SSLContext = None,
+        max_connections: int = None,
+        max_keepalive_connections: int = None,
+        keepalive_expiry: float = None,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        backend: str = "sync",
+        # Deprecated argument style:
+        max_keepalive: int = None,
+    ):
+        assert proxy_mode in ("DEFAULT", "FORWARD_ONLY", "TUNNEL_ONLY")
+
+        self.proxy_origin = url_to_origin(proxy_url)
+        self.proxy_headers = [] if proxy_headers is None else proxy_headers
+        self.proxy_mode = proxy_mode
+        super().__init__(
+            ssl_context=ssl_context,
+            max_connections=max_connections,
+            max_keepalive_connections=max_keepalive_connections,
+            keepalive_expiry=keepalive_expiry,
+            http2=http2,
+            backend=backend,
+            max_keepalive=max_keepalive,
+        )
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, SyncByteStream, dict]:
+        if self._keepalive_expiry is not None:
+            self._keepalive_sweep()
+
+        if (
+            self.proxy_mode == "DEFAULT" and url[0] == b"http"
+        ) or self.proxy_mode == "FORWARD_ONLY":
+            # By default HTTP requests should be forwarded.
+            logger.trace(
+                "forward_request proxy_origin=%r proxy_headers=%r method=%r url=%r",
+                self.proxy_origin,
+                self.proxy_headers,
+                method,
+                url,
+            )
+            return self._forward_request(
+                method, url, headers=headers, stream=stream, extensions=extensions
+            )
+        else:
+            # By default HTTPS should be tunnelled.
+            logger.trace(
+                "tunnel_request proxy_origin=%r proxy_headers=%r method=%r url=%r",
+                self.proxy_origin,
+                self.proxy_headers,
+                method,
+                url,
+            )
+            return self._tunnel_request(
+                method, url, headers=headers, stream=stream, extensions=extensions
+            )
+
+    def _forward_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, SyncByteStream, dict]:
+        """
+        Forwarded proxy requests include the entire URL as the HTTP target,
+        rather than just the path.
+        """
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+        origin = self.proxy_origin
+        connection = self._get_connection_from_pool(origin)
+
+        if connection is None:
+            connection = SyncHTTPConnection(
+                origin=origin,
+                http2=self._http2,
+                keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+                ssl_context=self._ssl_context,
+            )
+            self._add_to_pool(connection, timeout)
+
+        # Issue a forwarded proxy request...
+
+        # GET https://www.example.org/path HTTP/1.1
+        # [proxy headers]
+        # [headers]
+        scheme, host, port, path = url
+        if port is None:
+            target = b"%b://%b%b" % (scheme, host, path)
+        else:
+            target = b"%b://%b:%d%b" % (scheme, host, port, path)
+
+        url = self.proxy_origin + (target,)
+        headers = merge_headers(self.proxy_headers, headers)
+
+        (
+            status_code,
+            headers,
+            stream,
+            extensions,
+        ) = connection.handle_request(
+            method, url, headers=headers, stream=stream, extensions=extensions
+        )
+
+        wrapped_stream = ResponseByteStream(
+            stream, connection=connection, callback=self._response_closed
+        )
+
+        return status_code, headers, wrapped_stream, extensions
+
+    def _tunnel_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: URL,
+        headers: Headers,
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, Headers, SyncByteStream, dict]:
+        """
+        Tunnelled proxy requests require an initial CONNECT request to
+        establish the connection, and then send regular requests.
+        """
+        timeout = cast(TimeoutDict, extensions.get("timeout", {}))
+        origin = url_to_origin(url)
+        connection = self._get_connection_from_pool(origin)
+
+        if connection is None:
+            scheme, host, port = origin
+
+            # First, create a connection to the proxy server
+            proxy_connection = SyncHTTPConnection(
+                origin=self.proxy_origin,
+                http2=self._http2,
+                keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+                ssl_context=self._ssl_context,
+            )
+
+            # Issue a CONNECT request...
+
+            # CONNECT www.example.org:80 HTTP/1.1
+            # [proxy-headers]
+            target = b"%b:%d" % (host, port)
+            connect_url = self.proxy_origin + (target,)
+            connect_headers = [(b"Host", target), (b"Accept", b"*/*")]
+            connect_headers = merge_headers(connect_headers, self.proxy_headers)
+
+            try:
+                (
+                    proxy_status_code,
+                    _,
+                    proxy_stream,
+                    _,
+                ) = proxy_connection.handle_request(
+                    b"CONNECT",
+                    connect_url,
+                    headers=connect_headers,
+                    stream=ByteStream(b""),
+                    extensions=extensions,
+                )
+
+                proxy_reason = get_reason_phrase(proxy_status_code)
+                logger.trace(
+                    "tunnel_response proxy_status_code=%r proxy_reason=%r ",
+                    proxy_status_code,
+                    proxy_reason,
+                )
+                # Read the response data without closing the socket
+                for _ in proxy_stream:
+                    pass
+
+                # See if the tunnel was successfully established.
+                if proxy_status_code < 200 or proxy_status_code > 299:
+                    msg = "%d %s" % (proxy_status_code, proxy_reason)
+                    raise ProxyError(msg)
+
+                # Upgrade to TLS if required
+                # We assume the target speaks TLS on the specified port
+                if scheme == b"https":
+                    proxy_connection.start_tls(host, self._ssl_context, timeout)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                proxy_connection.close()
+                raise ProxyError(exc)
+
+            # The CONNECT request is successful, so we have now SWITCHED PROTOCOLS.
+            # This means the proxy connection is now unusable, and we must create
+            # a new one for regular requests, making sure to use the same socket to
+            # retain the tunnel.
+            connection = SyncHTTPConnection(
+                origin=origin,
+                http2=self._http2,
+                keepalive_expiry=self._keepalive_expiry,
+                ssl_context=self._ssl_context,
+                socket=proxy_connection.socket,
+            )
+            self._add_to_pool(connection, timeout)
+
+        # Once the connection has been established we can send requests on
+        # it as normal.
+        (
+            status_code,
+            headers,
+            stream,
+            extensions,
+        ) = connection.handle_request(
+            method,
+            url,
+            headers=headers,
+            stream=stream,
+            extensions=extensions,
+        )
+
+        wrapped_stream = ResponseByteStream(
+            stream, connection=connection, callback=self._response_closed
+        )
+
+        return status_code, headers, wrapped_stream, extensions
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_threadlock.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_threadlock.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ff2bc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_threadlock.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import threading
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Type
+
+
+class ThreadLock:
+    """
+    Provides thread safety when used as a sync context manager, or a
+    no-op when used as an async context manager.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> None:
+        self.lock.acquire()
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.lock.release()
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_types.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f9eeba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+"""
+Type definitions for type checking purposes.
+"""
+
+from typing import List, Mapping, Optional, Tuple, TypeVar, Union
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+StrOrBytes = Union[str, bytes]
+Origin = Tuple[bytes, bytes, int]
+URL = Tuple[bytes, bytes, Optional[int], bytes]
+Headers = List[Tuple[bytes, bytes]]
+TimeoutDict = Mapping[str, Optional[float]]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..978b87a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+import itertools
+import logging
+import os
+import select
+import socket
+import sys
+import typing
+
+from ._types import URL, Origin
+
+_LOGGER_INITIALIZED = False
+TRACE_LOG_LEVEL = 5
+DEFAULT_PORTS = {b"http": 80, b"https": 443}
+
+
+class Logger(logging.Logger):
+    # Stub for type checkers.
+    def trace(self, message: str, *args: typing.Any, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        ...  # pragma: nocover
+
+
+def get_logger(name: str) -> Logger:
+    """
+    Get a `logging.Logger` instance, and optionally
+    set up debug logging based on the HTTPCORE_LOG_LEVEL or HTTPX_LOG_LEVEL
+    environment variables.
+    """
+    global _LOGGER_INITIALIZED
+    if not _LOGGER_INITIALIZED:
+        _LOGGER_INITIALIZED = True
+        logging.addLevelName(TRACE_LOG_LEVEL, "TRACE")
+
+        log_level = os.environ.get(
+            "HTTPCORE_LOG_LEVEL", os.environ.get("HTTPX_LOG_LEVEL", "")
+        ).upper()
+        if log_level in ("DEBUG", "TRACE"):
+            logger = logging.getLogger("httpcore")
+            logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG if log_level == "DEBUG" else TRACE_LOG_LEVEL)
+            handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
+            handler.setFormatter(
+                logging.Formatter(
+                    fmt="%(levelname)s [%(asctime)s] %(name)s - %(message)s",
+                    datefmt="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
+                )
+            )
+            logger.addHandler(handler)
+
+    logger = logging.getLogger(name)
+
+    def trace(message: str, *args: typing.Any, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        logger.log(TRACE_LOG_LEVEL, message, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    logger.trace = trace  # type: ignore
+
+    return typing.cast(Logger, logger)
+
+
+def url_to_origin(url: URL) -> Origin:
+    scheme, host, explicit_port = url[:3]
+    default_port = DEFAULT_PORTS[scheme]
+    port = default_port if explicit_port is None else explicit_port
+    return scheme, host, port
+
+
+def origin_to_url_string(origin: Origin) -> str:
+    scheme, host, explicit_port = origin
+    port = f":{explicit_port}" if explicit_port != DEFAULT_PORTS[scheme] else ""
+    return f"{scheme.decode('ascii')}://{host.decode('ascii')}{port}"
+
+
+def exponential_backoff(factor: float) -> typing.Iterator[float]:
+    yield 0
+    for n in itertools.count(2):
+        yield factor * (2 ** (n - 2))
+
+
+def is_socket_readable(sock: typing.Optional[socket.socket]) -> bool:
+    """
+    Return whether a socket, as identifed by its file descriptor, is readable.
+
+    "A socket is readable" means that the read buffer isn't empty, i.e. that calling
+    .recv() on it would immediately return some data.
+    """
+    # NOTE: we want check for readability without actually attempting to read, because
+    # we don't want to block forever if it's not readable.
+
+    # In the case that the socket no longer exists, or cannot return a file
+    # descriptor, we treat it as being readable, as if it the next read operation
+    # on it is ready to return the terminating `b""`.
+    sock_fd = None if sock is None else sock.fileno()
+    if sock_fd is None or sock_fd < 0:
+        return True
+
+    # The implementation below was stolen from:
+    # https://github.com/python-trio/trio/blob/20ee2b1b7376db637435d80e266212a35837ddcc/trio/_socket.py#L471-L478
+    # See also: https://github.com/encode/httpcore/pull/193#issuecomment-703129316
+
+    # Use select.select on Windows, and when poll is unavailable and select.poll
+    # everywhere else. (E.g. When eventlet is in use. See #327)
+    if sys.platform == "win32" or getattr(select, "poll", None) is None:
+        rready, _, _ = select.select([sock_fd], [], [], 0)
+        return bool(rready)
+    p = select.poll()
+    p.register(sock_fd, select.POLLIN)
+    return bool(p.poll(0))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpcore/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/LICENSE.md b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/LICENSE.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab79d16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/LICENSE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Copyright © 2019, [Encode OSS Ltd](https://www.encode.io/).
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+* Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d71a64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,972 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: httpx
+Version: 0.18.2
+Summary: The next generation HTTP client.
+Home-page: https://github.com/encode/httpx
+Author: Tom Christie
+Author-email: tom@tomchristie.com
+License: BSD
+Project-URL: Changelog, https://github.com/encode/httpx/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://www.python-httpx.org
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/encode/httpx
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 4 - Beta
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP
+Classifier: Framework :: AsyncIO
+Classifier: Framework :: Trio
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+Requires-Dist: certifi
+Requires-Dist: sniffio
+Requires-Dist: rfc3986[idna2008] (<2,>=1.3)
+Requires-Dist: httpcore (<0.14.0,>=0.13.3)
+Requires-Dist: async-generator ; python_version < "3.7"
+Provides-Extra: brotli
+Requires-Dist: brotlicffi (==1.*) ; extra == 'brotli'
+Provides-Extra: http2
+Requires-Dist: h2 (==3.*) ; extra == 'http2'
+
+<p align="center">
+  <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org/"><img width="350" height="208" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/httpx/master/docs/img/butterfly.png" alt='HTTPX'></a>
+</p>
+
+<p align="center"><strong>HTTPX</strong> <em>- A next-generation HTTP client for Python.</em></p>
+
+<p align="center">
+<a href="https://github.com/encode/httpx/actions">
+    <img src="https://github.com/encode/httpx/workflows/Test%20Suite/badge.svg" alt="Test Suite">
+</a>
+<a href="https://pypi.org/project/httpx/">
+    <img src="https://badge.fury.io/py/httpx.svg" alt="Package version">
+</a>
+</p>
+
+HTTPX is a fully featured HTTP client for Python 3, which provides sync and async APIs, and support for both HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2.
+
+**Note**: _HTTPX should be considered in beta. We believe we've got the public API to
+a stable point now, but would strongly recommend pinning your dependencies to the `0.18.*`
+release, so that you're able to properly review [API changes between package updates](https://github.com/encode/httpx/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md). A 1.0 release is expected to be issued sometime in 2021._
+
+---
+
+Let's get started...
+
+```pycon
+>>> import httpx
+>>> r = httpx.get('https://www.example.org/')
+>>> r
+<Response [200 OK]>
+>>> r.status_code
+200
+>>> r.headers['content-type']
+'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
+>>> r.text
+'<!doctype html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<title>Example Domain</title>...'
+```
+
+Or, using the async API...
+
+_Use [IPython](https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/stable/) or Python 3.8+ with `python -m asyncio` to try this code interactively._
+
+```pycon
+>>> import httpx
+>>> async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
+...     r = await client.get('https://www.example.org/')
+...
+>>> r
+<Response [200 OK]>
+```
+
+## Features
+
+HTTPX builds on the well-established usability of `requests`, and gives you:
+
+* A broadly [requests-compatible API](https://www.python-httpx.org/compatibility/).
+* Standard synchronous interface, but with [async support if you need it](https://www.python-httpx.org/async/).
+* HTTP/1.1 [and HTTP/2 support](https://www.python-httpx.org/http2/).
+* Ability to make requests directly to [WSGI applications](https://www.python-httpx.org/advanced/#calling-into-python-web-apps) or [ASGI applications](https://www.python-httpx.org/async/#calling-into-python-web-apps).
+* Strict timeouts everywhere.
+* Fully type annotated.
+* 100% test coverage.
+
+Plus all the standard features of `requests`...
+
+* International Domains and URLs
+* Keep-Alive & Connection Pooling
+* Sessions with Cookie Persistence
+* Browser-style SSL Verification
+* Basic/Digest Authentication
+* Elegant Key/Value Cookies
+* Automatic Decompression
+* Automatic Content Decoding
+* Unicode Response Bodies
+* Multipart File Uploads
+* HTTP(S) Proxy Support
+* Connection Timeouts
+* Streaming Downloads
+* .netrc Support
+* Chunked Requests
+
+## Installation
+
+Install with pip:
+
+```shell
+$ pip install httpx
+```
+
+Or, to include the optional HTTP/2 support, use:
+
+```shell
+$ pip install httpx[http2]
+```
+
+HTTPX requires Python 3.6+.
+
+## Documentation
+
+Project documentation is available at [https://www.python-httpx.org/](https://www.python-httpx.org/).
+
+For a run-through of all the basics, head over to the [QuickStart](https://www.python-httpx.org/quickstart/).
+
+For more advanced topics, see the [Advanced Usage](https://www.python-httpx.org/advanced/) section, the [async support](https://www.python-httpx.org/async/) section, or the [HTTP/2](https://www.python-httpx.org/http2/) section.
+
+The [Developer Interface](https://www.python-httpx.org/api/) provides a comprehensive API reference.
+
+To find out about tools that integrate with HTTPX, see [Third Party Packages](https://www.python-httpx.org/third-party-packages/).
+
+## Contribute
+
+If you want to contribute with HTTPX check out the [Contributing Guide](https://www.python-httpx.org/contributing/) to learn how to start.
+
+## Dependencies
+
+The HTTPX project relies on these excellent libraries:
+
+* `httpcore` - The underlying transport implementation for `httpx`.
+  * `h11` - HTTP/1.1 support.
+  * `h2` - HTTP/2 support. *(Optional)*
+* `certifi` - SSL certificates.
+* `rfc3986` - URL parsing & normalization.
+  * `idna` - Internationalized domain name support.
+* `sniffio` - Async library autodetection.
+* `async_generator` - Backport support for `contextlib.asynccontextmanager`. *(Only required for Python 3.6)*
+* `brotlicffi` - Decoding for "brotli" compressed responses. *(Optional)*
+
+A huge amount of credit is due to `requests` for the API layout that
+much of this work follows, as well as to `urllib3` for plenty of design
+inspiration around the lower-level networking details.
+
+<p align="center">&mdash; ⭐️ &mdash;</p>
+<p align="center"><i>HTTPX is <a href="https://github.com/encode/httpx/blob/master/LICENSE.md">BSD licensed</a> code. Designed & built in Brighton, England.</i></p>
+
+
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
+
+## 0.18.2 (17th June, 2021)
+
+### Added
+
+* Support for Python 3.10. (Pull #1687)
+* Expose `httpx.USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT`, used as the default to `auth` and `timeout` parameters in request methods. (Pull #1634)
+* Support [HTTP/2 "prior knowledge"](https://python-hyper.org/projects/hyper-h2/en/v2.3.1/negotiating-http2.html#prior-knowledge), using `httpx.Client(http1=False, http2=True)`. (Pull #1624)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Clean up some cases where warnings were being issued. (Pull #1687)
+* Prefer Content-Length over Transfer-Encoding: chunked for content=<file-like> cases. (Pull #1619)
+
+## 0.18.1 (29th April, 2021)
+
+### Changed
+
+* Update brotli support to use the `brotlicffi` package (Pull #1605)
+* Ensure that `Request(..., stream=...)` does not auto-generate any headers on the request instance. (Pull #1607)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Pass through `timeout=...` in top-level httpx.stream() function. (Pull #1613)
+* Map httpcore transport close exceptions to httpx exceptions. (Pull #1606)
+
+## 0.18.0 (27th April, 2021)
+
+The 0.18.x release series formalises our low-level Transport API, introducing the base classes `httpx.BaseTransport` and `httpx.AsyncBaseTransport`.
+
+See the "[Writing custom transports](https://www.python-httpx.org/advanced/#writing-custom-transports)" documentation and the [`httpx.BaseTransport.handle_request()`](https://github.com/encode/httpx/blob/397aad98fdc8b7580a5fc3e88f1578b4302c6382/httpx/_transports/base.py#L77-L147) docstring for more complete details on implementing custom transports.
+
+Pull request #1522 includes a checklist of differences from the previous `httpcore` transport API, for developers implementing custom transports.
+
+The following API changes have been issuing deprecation warnings since 0.17.0 onwards, and are now fully deprecated...
+
+* You should now use httpx.codes consistently instead of httpx.StatusCodes.
+* Use limits=... instead of pool_limits=....
+* Use proxies={"http://": ...} instead of proxies={"http": ...} for scheme-specific mounting.
+
+### Changed
+
+* Transport instances now inherit from `httpx.BaseTransport` or `httpx.AsyncBaseTransport`,
+  and should implement either the `handle_request` method or `handle_async_request` method. (Pull #1522, #1550)
+* The `response.ext` property and `Response(ext=...)` argument are now named `extensions`. (Pull #1522)
+* The recommendation to not use `data=<bytes|str|bytes (a)iterator>` in favour of `content=<bytes|str|bytes (a)iterator>` has now been escalated to a deprecation warning. (Pull #1573)
+* Drop `Response(on_close=...)` from API, since it was a bit of leaking implementation detail. (Pull #1572)
+* When using a client instance, cookies should always be set on the client, rather than on a per-request basis. We prefer enforcing a stricter API here because it provides clearer expectations around cookie persistence, particularly when redirects occur. (Pull #1574)
+* The runtime exception `httpx.ResponseClosed` is now named `httpx.StreamClosed`. (#1584)
+* The `httpx.QueryParams` model now presents an immutable interface. There is a discussion on [the design and motivation here](https://github.com/encode/httpx/discussions/1599). Use `client.params = client.params.merge(...)` instead of `client.params.update(...)`. The basic query manipulation methods are `query.set(...)`, `query.add(...)`, and `query.remove()`. (#1600)
+
+### Added
+
+* The `Request` and `Response` classes can now be serialized using pickle. (#1579)
+* Handle `data={"key": [None|int|float|bool]}` cases. (Pull #1539)
+* Support `httpx.URL(**kwargs)`, for example `httpx.URL(scheme="https", host="www.example.com", path="/')`, or `httpx.URL("https://www.example.com/", username="tom@gmail.com", password="123 456")`. (Pull #1601)
+* Support `url.copy_with(params=...)`. (Pull #1601)
+* Add `url.params` parameter, returning an immutable `QueryParams` instance. (Pull #1601)
+* Support query manipulation methods on the URL class. These are `url.copy_set_param()`, `url.copy_add_param()`, `url.copy_remove_param()`, `url.copy_merge_params()`. (Pull #1601)
+* The `httpx.URL` class now performs port normalization, so `:80` ports are stripped from `http` URLs and `:443` ports are stripped from `https` URLs. (Pull #1603)
+* The `URL.host` property returns unicode strings for internationalized domain names. The `URL.raw_host` property returns byte strings with IDNA escaping applied. (Pull #1590)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Fix Content-Length for cases of `files=...` where unicode string is used as the file content. (Pull #1537)
+* Fix some cases of merging relative URLs against `Client(base_url=...)`. (Pull #1532)
+* The `request.content` attribute is now always available except for streaming content, which requires an explicit `.read()`. (Pull #1583)
+
+## 0.17.1 (March 15th, 2021)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Type annotation on `CertTypes` allows `keyfile` and `password` to be optional. (Pull #1503)
+* Fix httpcore pinned version. (Pull #1495)
+
+## 0.17.0 (February 28th, 2021)
+
+### Added
+
+* Add `httpx.MockTransport()`, allowing to mock out a transport using pre-determined responses. (Pull #1401, Pull #1449)
+* Add `httpx.HTTPTransport()` and `httpx.AsyncHTTPTransport()` default transports. (Pull #1399)
+* Add mount API support, using `httpx.Client(mounts=...)`. (Pull #1362)
+* Add `chunk_size` parameter to `iter_raw()`, `iter_bytes()`, `iter_text()`. (Pull #1277)
+* Add `keepalive_expiry` parameter to `httpx.Limits()` configuration. (Pull #1398)
+* Add repr to `httpx.Cookies` to display available cookies. (Pull #1411)
+* Add support for `params=<tuple>` (previously only `params=<list>` was supported). (Pull #1426)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Add missing `raw_path` to ASGI scope. (Pull #1357)
+* Tweak `create_ssl_context` defaults to use `trust_env=True`. (Pull #1447)
+* Properly URL-escape WSGI `PATH_INFO`. (Pull #1391)
+* Properly set default ports in WSGI transport. (Pull #1469)
+* Properly encode slashes when using `base_url`. (Pull #1407)
+* Properly map exceptions in `request.aclose()`. (Pull #1465)
+
+## 0.16.1 (October 8th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Support literal IPv6 addresses in URLs. (Pull #1349)
+* Force lowercase headers in ASGI scope dictionaries. (Pull #1351)
+
+## 0.16.0 (October 6th, 2020)
+
+### Changed
+
+* Preserve HTTP header casing. (Pull #1338, encode/httpcore#216, python-hyper/h11#104)
+* Drop `response.next()` and `response.anext()` methods in favour of `response.next_request` attribute. (Pull #1339)
+* Closed clients now raise a runtime error if attempting to send a request. (Pull #1346)
+
+### Added
+
+* Add Python 3.9 to officially supported versions.
+* Type annotate `__enter__`/`__exit__`/`__aenter__`/`__aexit__` in a way that supports subclasses of `Client` and `AsyncClient`. (Pull #1336)
+
+## 0.15.5 (October 1st, 2020)
+
+### Added
+
+* Add `response.next_request` (Pull #1334)
+
+## 0.15.4 (September 25th, 2020)
+
+### Added
+
+* Support direct comparisons between `Headers` and dicts or lists of two-tuples. Eg. `assert response.headers == {"Content-Length": 24}` (Pull #1326)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Fix automatic `.read()` when `Response` instances are created with `content=<str>` (Pull #1324)
+
+## 0.15.3 (September 24th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Fixed connection leak in async client due to improper closing of response streams. (Pull #1316)
+
+## 0.15.2 (September 23nd, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Fixed `response.elapsed` property. (Pull #1313)
+* Fixed client authentication interaction with `.stream()`. (Pull #1312)
+
+## 0.15.1 (September 23nd, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* ASGITransport now properly applies URL decoding to the `path` component, as-per the ASGI spec. (Pull #1307)
+
+## 0.15.0 (September 22nd, 2020)
+
+### Added
+
+* Added support for curio. (Pull https://github.com/encode/httpcore/pull/168)
+* Added support for event hooks. (Pull #1246)
+* Added support for authentication flows which require either sync or async I/O. (Pull #1217)
+* Added support for monitoring download progress with `response.num_bytes_downloaded`. (Pull #1268)
+* Added `Request(content=...)` for byte content, instead of overloading `Request(data=...)` (Pull #1266)
+* Added support for all URL components as parameter names when using `url.copy_with(...)`. (Pull #1285)
+* Neater split between automatically populated headers on `Request` instances, vs default `client.headers`. (Pull #1248)
+* Unclosed `AsyncClient` instances will now raise warnings if garbage collected. (Pull #1197)
+* Support `Response(content=..., text=..., html=..., json=...)` for creating usable response instances in code. (Pull #1265, #1297)
+* Support instantiating requests from the low-level transport API. (Pull #1293)
+* Raise errors on invalid URL types. (Pull #1259)
+
+### Changed
+
+* Cleaned up expected behaviour for URL escaping. `url.path` is now URL escaped. (Pull #1285)
+* Cleaned up expected behaviour for bytes vs str in URL components. `url.userinfo` and `url.query` are not URL escaped, and so return bytes. (Pull #1285)
+* Drop `url.authority` property in favour of `url.netloc`, since "authority" was semantically incorrect. (Pull #1285)
+* Drop `url.full_path` property in favour of `url.raw_path`, for better consistency with other parts of the API. (Pull #1285)
+* No longer use the `chardet` library for auto-detecting charsets, instead defaulting to a simpler approach when no charset is specified. (#1269)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Swapped ordering of redirects and authentication flow. (Pull #1267)
+* `.netrc` lookups should use host, not host+port. (Pull #1298)
+
+### Removed
+
+* The `URLLib3Transport` class no longer exists. We've published it instead as an example of [a custom transport class](https://gist.github.com/florimondmanca/d56764d78d748eb9f73165da388e546e). (Pull #1182)
+* Drop `request.timer` attribute, which was being used internally to set `response.elapsed`. (Pull #1249)
+* Drop `response.decoder` attribute, which was being used internally. (Pull #1276)
+* `Request.prepare()` is now a private method. (Pull #1284)
+* The `Headers.getlist()` method had previously been deprecated in favour of `Headers.get_list()`. It is now fully removed.
+* The `QueryParams.getlist()` method had previously been deprecated in favour of `QueryParams.get_list()`. It is now fully removed.
+* The `URL.is_ssl` property had previously been deprecated in favour of `URL.scheme == "https"`. It is now fully removed.
+* The `httpx.PoolLimits` class had previously been deprecated in favour of `httpx.Limits`. It is now fully removed.
+* The `max_keepalive` setting had previously been deprecated in favour of the more explicit `max_keepalive_connections`. It is now fully removed.
+* The verbose `httpx.Timeout(5.0, connect_timeout=60.0)` style had previously been deprecated in favour of `httpx.Timeout(5.0, connect=60.0)`. It is now fully removed.
+* Support for instantiating a timeout config missing some defaults, such as `httpx.Timeout(connect=60.0)`, had previously been deprecated in favour of enforcing a more explicit style, such as `httpx.Timeout(5.0, connect=60.0)`. This is now strictly enforced.
+
+## 0.14.3 (September 2nd, 2020)
+
+### Added
+
+* `http.Response()` may now be instantiated without a `request=...` parameter. Useful for some unit testing cases. (Pull #1238)
+* Add `103 Early Hints` and `425 Too Early` status codes. (Pull #1244)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* `DigestAuth` now handles responses that include multiple 'WWW-Authenticate' headers. (Pull #1240)
+* Call into transport `__enter__`/`__exit__` or `__aenter__`/`__aexit__` when client is used in a context manager style. (Pull #1218)
+
+## 0.14.2 (August 24th, 2020)
+
+### Added
+
+* Support `client.get(..., auth=None)` to bypass the default authentication on a clients. (Pull #1115)
+* Support `client.auth = ...` property setter. (Pull #1185)
+* Support `httpx.get(..., proxies=...)` on top-level request functions. (Pull #1198)
+* Display instances with nicer import styles. (Eg. <httpx.ReadTimeout ...>) (Pull #1155)
+* Support `cookies=[(key, value)]` list-of-two-tuples style usage. (Pull #1211)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Ensure that automatically included headers on a request may be modified. (Pull #1205)
+* Allow explicit `Content-Length` header on streaming requests. (Pull #1170)
+* Handle URL quoted usernames and passwords properly. (Pull #1159)
+* Use more consistent default for `HEAD` requests, setting `allow_redirects=True`. (Pull #1183)
+* If a transport error occurs while streaming the response, raise an `httpx` exception, not the underlying `httpcore` exception. (Pull #1190)
+* Include the underlying `httpcore` traceback, when transport exceptions occur. (Pull #1199)
+
+## 0.14.1 (August 11th, 2020)
+
+### Added
+
+* The `httpx.URL(...)` class now raises `httpx.InvalidURL` on invalid URLs, rather than exposing the underlying `rfc3986` exception. If a redirect response includes an invalid 'Location' header, then a `RemoteProtocolError` exception is raised, which will be associated with the request that caused it. (Pull #1163)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Handling multiple `Set-Cookie` headers became broken in the 0.14.0 release, and is now resolved. (Pull #1156)
+
+## 0.14.0 (August 7th, 2020)
+
+The 0.14 release includes a range of improvements to the public API, intended on preparing for our upcoming 1.0 release.
+
+* Our HTTP/2 support is now fully optional. **You now need to use `pip install httpx[http2]` if you want to include the HTTP/2 dependancies.**
+* Our HSTS support has now been removed. Rewriting URLs from `http` to `https` if the host is on the HSTS list can be beneficial in avoiding roundtrips to incorrectly formed URLs, but on balance we've decided to remove this feature, on the principle of least surprise. Most programmatic clients do not include HSTS support, and for now we're opting to remove our support for it.
+* Our exception hierarchy has been overhauled. Most users will want to stick with their existing `httpx.HTTPError` usage, but we've got a clearer overall structure now. See https://www.python-httpx.org/exceptions/ for more details.
+
+When upgrading you should be aware of the following public API changes. Note that deprecated usages will currently continue to function, but will issue warnings.
+
+* You should now use `httpx.codes` consistently instead of `httpx.StatusCodes`.
+* Usage of `httpx.Timeout()` should now always include an explicit default. Eg. `httpx.Timeout(None, pool=5.0)`.
+* When using `httpx.Timeout()`, we now have more concisely named keyword arguments. Eg. `read=5.0`, instead of `read_timeout=5.0`.
+* Use `httpx.Limits()` instead of `httpx.PoolLimits()`, and `limits=...` instead of `pool_limits=...`.
+* The `httpx.Limits(max_keepalive=...)` argument is now deprecated in favour of a more explicit `httpx.Limits(max_keepalive_connections=...)`.
+* Keys used with `Client(proxies={...})` should now be in the style of `{"http://": ...}`, rather than `{"http": ...}`.
+* The multidict methods `Headers.getlist()` and `QueryParams.getlist()` are deprecated in favour of more consistent `.get_list()` variants.
+* The `URL.is_ssl` property is deprecated in favour of `URL.scheme == "https"`.
+* The `URL.join(relative_url=...)` method is now `URL.join(url=...)`. This change does not support warnings for the deprecated usage style.
+
+One notable aspect of the 0.14.0 release is that it tightens up the public API for `httpx`, by ensuring that several internal attributes and methods have now become strictly private.
+
+The following previously had nominally public names on the client, but were all undocumented and intended solely for internal usage. They are all now replaced with underscored names, and should not be relied on or accessed.
+
+These changes should not affect users who have been working from the `httpx` documentation.
+
+* `.merge_url()`, `.merge_headers()`, `.merge_cookies()`, `.merge_queryparams()`
+* `.build_auth()`, `.build_redirect_request()`
+* `.redirect_method()`, `.redirect_url()`, `.redirect_headers()`, `.redirect_stream()`
+* `.send_handling_redirects()`, `.send_handling_auth()`, `.send_single_request()`
+* `.init_transport()`, `.init_proxy_transport()`
+* `.proxies`, `.transport`, `.netrc`, `.get_proxy_map()`
+
+See pull requests #997, #1065, #1071.
+
+Some areas of API which were already on the deprecation path, and were raising warnings or errors in 0.13.x have now been escalated to being fully removed.
+
+* Drop `ASGIDispatch`, `WSGIDispatch`, which have been replaced by `ASGITransport`, `WSGITransport`.
+* Drop `dispatch=...`` on client, which has been replaced by `transport=...``
+* Drop `soft_limit`, `hard_limit`, which have been replaced by `max_keepalive` and `max_connections`.
+* Drop `Response.stream` and` `Response.raw`, which have been replaced by ``.aiter_bytes` and `.aiter_raw`.
+* Drop `proxies=<transport instance>` in favor of `proxies=httpx.Proxy(...)`.
+
+See pull requests #1057, #1058.
+
+### Added
+
+* Added dedicated exception class `httpx.HTTPStatusError` for `.raise_for_status()` exceptions. (Pull #1072)
+* Added `httpx.create_ssl_context()` helper function. (Pull #996)
+* Support for proxy exlcusions like `proxies={"https://www.example.com": None}`. (Pull #1099)
+* Support `QueryParams(None)` and `client.params = None`. (Pull #1060)
+
+### Changed
+
+* Use `httpx.codes` consistently in favour of `httpx.StatusCodes` which is placed into deprecation. (Pull #1088)
+* Usage of `httpx.Timeout()` should now always include an explicit default. Eg. `httpx.Timeout(None, pool=5.0)`. (Pull #1085)
+* Switch to more concise `httpx.Timeout()` keyword arguments. Eg. `read=5.0`, instead of `read_timeout=5.0`. (Pull #1111)
+* Use `httpx.Limits()` instead of `httpx.PoolLimits()`, and `limits=...` instead of `pool_limits=...`. (Pull #1113)
+* Keys used with `Client(proxies={...})` should now be in the style of `{"http://": ...}`, rather than `{"http": ...}`. (Pull #1127)
+* The multidict methods `Headers.getlist` and `QueryParams.getlist` are deprecated in favour of more consistent `.get_list()` variants. (Pull #1089)
+* `URL.port` becomes `Optional[int]`. Now only returns a port if one is explicitly included in the URL string. (Pull #1080)
+* The `URL(..., allow_relative=[bool])` parameter no longer exists. All URL instances may be relative. (Pull #1073)
+* Drop unnecessary `url.full_path = ...` property setter. (Pull #1069)
+* The `URL.join(relative_url=...)` method is now `URL.join(url=...)`. (Pull #1129)
+* The `URL.is_ssl` property is deprecated in favour of `URL.scheme == "https"`. (Pull #1128)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Add missing `Response.next()` method. (Pull #1055)
+* Ensure all exception classes are exposed as public API. (Pull #1045)
+* Support multiple items with an identical field name in multipart encodings. (Pull #777)
+* Skip HSTS preloading on single-label domains. (Pull #1074)
+* Fixes for `Response.iter_lines()`. (Pull #1033, #1075)
+* Ignore permission errors when accessing `.netrc` files. (Pull #1104)
+* Allow bare hostnames in `HTTP_PROXY` etc... environment variables. (Pull #1120)
+* Settings `app=...` or `transport=...` bypasses any environment based proxy defaults. (Pull #1122)
+* Fix handling of `.base_url` when a path component is included in the base URL. (Pull #1130)
+
+---
+
+## 0.13.3 (May 29th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Include missing keepalive expiry configuration. (Pull #1005)
+* Improved error message when URL redirect has a custom scheme. (Pull #1002)
+
+## 0.13.2 (May 27th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Include explicit "Content-Length: 0" on POST, PUT, PATCH if no request body is used. (Pull #995)
+* Add `http2` option to `httpx.Client`. (Pull #982)
+* Tighten up API typing in places. (Pull #992, #999)
+
+## 0.13.1 (May 22nd, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Fix pool options deprecation warning. (Pull #980)
+* Include `httpx.URLLib3ProxyTransport` in top-level API. (Pull #979)
+
+## 0.13.0 (May 22nd, 2020)
+
+This release switches to `httpcore` for all the internal networking, which means:
+
+* We're using the same codebase for both our sync and async clients.
+* HTTP/2 support is now available with the sync client.
+* We no longer have a `urllib3` dependency for our sync client, although there is still an *optional* `URLLib3Transport` class.
+
+It also means we've had to remove our UDS support, since maintaining that would have meant having to push back our work towards a 1.0 release, which isn't a trade-off we wanted to make.
+
+We also now have [a public "Transport API"](https://www.python-httpx.org/advanced/#custom-transports), which you can use to implement custom transport implementations against. This formalises and replaces our previously private "Dispatch API".
+
+### Changed
+
+* Use `httpcore` for underlying HTTP transport. Drop `urllib3` requirement. (Pull #804, #967)
+* Rename pool limit options from `soft_limit`/`hard_limit` to `max_keepalive`/`max_connections`. (Pull #968)
+* The previous private "Dispatch API" has now been promoted to a public "Transport API". When customizing the transport use `transport=...`. The `ASGIDispatch` and `WSGIDispatch` class naming is deprecated in favour of `ASGITransport` and `WSGITransport`. (Pull #963)
+
+### Added
+
+* Added `URLLib3Transport` class for optional `urllib3` transport support. (Pull #804, #963)
+* Streaming multipart uploads. (Pull #857)
+* Logging via HTTPCORE_LOG_LEVEL and HTTPX_LOG_LEVEL environment variables
+and TRACE level logging. (Pull encode/httpcore#79)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Performance improvement in brotli decoder. (Pull #906)
+* Proper warning level of deprecation notice in `Response.stream` and `Response.raw`. (Pull #908)
+* Fix support for generator based WSGI apps. (Pull #887)
+* Reuse of connections on HTTP/2 in close concurrency situations. (Pull encode/httpcore#81)
+* Honor HTTP/2 max concurrent streams settings (Pull encode/httpcore#89, encode/httpcore#90)
+* Fix bytes support in multipart uploads. (Pull #974)
+* Improve typing support for `files=...`. (Pull #976)
+
+### Removed
+
+* Dropped support for `Client(uds=...)` (Pull #804)
+
+## 0.13.0.dev2 (May 12th, 2020)
+
+The 0.13.0.dev2 is a *pre-release* version. To install it, use `pip install httpx --pre`.
+
+### Added
+
+* Logging via HTTPCORE_LOG_LEVEL and HTTPX_LOG_LEVEL environment variables
+and TRACE level logging. (HTTPCore Pull #79)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Reuse of connections on HTTP/2 in close concurrency situations. (HTTPCore Pull #81)
+* When using an `app=<ASGI app>` observe neater disconnect behaviour instead of sending empty body messages. (Pull #919)
+
+## 0.13.0.dev1 (May 6th, 2020)
+
+The 0.13.0.dev1 is a *pre-release* version. To install it, use `pip install httpx --pre`.
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Passing `http2` flag to proxy dispatchers. (Pull #934)
+* Use [`httpcore` v0.8.3](https://github.com/encode/httpcore/releases/tag/0.8.3)
+which addresses problems in handling of headers when using proxies.
+
+## 0.13.0.dev0 (April 30th, 2020)
+
+The 0.13.0.dev0 is a *pre-release* version. To install it, use `pip install httpx --pre`.
+
+This release switches to `httpcore` for all the internal networking, which means:
+
+* We're using the same codebase for both our sync and async clients.
+* HTTP/2 support is now available with the sync client.
+* We no longer have a `urllib3` dependency for our sync client, although there is still an *optional* `URLLib3Dispatcher` class.
+
+It also means we've had to remove our UDS support, since maintaining that would have meant having to push back our work towards a 1.0 release, which isn't a trade-off we wanted to make.
+
+### Changed
+
+* Use `httpcore` for underlying HTTP transport. Drop `urllib3` requirement. (Pull #804)
+
+### Added
+
+* Added `URLLib3Dispatcher` class for optional `urllib3` transport support. (Pull #804)
+* Streaming multipart uploads. (Pull #857)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Performance improvement in brotli decoder. (Pull #906)
+* Proper warning level of deprecation notice in `Response.stream` and `Response.raw`. (Pull #908)
+* Fix support for generator based WSGI apps. (Pull #887)
+
+### Removed
+
+* Dropped support for `Client(uds=...)` (Pull #804)
+
+---
+
+## 0.12.1 (March 19th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Resolved packaging issue, where additional files were being included.
+
+## 0.12.0 (March 9th, 2020)
+
+The 0.12 release tightens up the API expectations for `httpx` by switching to private module names to enforce better clarity around public API.
+
+All imports of `httpx` should import from the top-level package only, such as `from httpx import Request`, rather than importing from privately namespaced modules such as `from httpx._models import Request`.
+
+### Added
+
+* Support making response body available to auth classes with `.requires_response_body`. (Pull #803)
+* Export `NetworkError` exception. (Pull #814)
+* Add support for `NO_PROXY` environment variable. (Pull #835)
+
+### Changed
+
+* Switched to private module names. (Pull #785)
+* Drop redirect looping detection and the `RedirectLoop` exception, instead using `TooManyRedirects`. (Pull #819)
+* Drop `backend=...` parameter on `AsyncClient`, in favour of always autodetecting `trio`/`asyncio`. (Pull #791)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Support basic auth credentials in proxy URLs. (Pull #780)
+* Fix `httpx.Proxy(url, mode="FORWARD_ONLY")` configuration. (Pull #788)
+* Fallback to setting headers as UTF-8 if no encoding is specified. (Pull #820)
+* Close proxy dispatches classes on client close. (Pull #826)
+* Support custom `cert` parameters even if `verify=False`. (Pull #796)
+* Don't support invalid dict-of-dicts form data in `data=...`. (Pull #811)
+
+---
+
+## 0.11.1 (January 17th, 2020)
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Fixed usage of `proxies=...` on `Client()`. (Pull #763)
+* Support both `zlib` and `deflate` style encodings on `Content-Encoding: deflate`. (Pull #758)
+* Fix for streaming a redirect response body with `allow_redirects=False`. (Pull #766)
+* Handle redirect with malformed Location headers missing host. (Pull #774)
+
+## 0.11.0 (January 9th, 2020)
+
+The 0.11 release reintroduces our sync support, so that `httpx` now supports both a standard thread-concurrency API, and an async API.
+
+Existing async `httpx` users that are upgrading to 0.11 should ensure that:
+
+* Async codebases should always use a client instance to make requests, instead of the top-level API.
+* The async client is named as `httpx.AsyncClient()`, instead of `httpx.Client()`.
+* When instantiating proxy configurations use the `httpx.Proxy()` class, instead of the previous `httpx.HTTPProxy()`. This new configuration class works for configuring both sync and async clients.
+
+We believe the API is now pretty much stable, and are aiming for a 1.0 release sometime on or before April 2020.
+
+### Changed
+
+- Top level API such as `httpx.get(url, ...)`, `httpx.post(url, ...)`, `httpx.request(method, url, ...)` becomes synchronous.
+- Added `httpx.Client()` for synchronous clients, with `httpx.AsyncClient` being used for async clients.
+- Switched to `proxies=httpx.Proxy(...)` for proxy configuration.
+- Network connection errors are wrapped in `httpx.NetworkError`, rather than exposing lower-level exception types directly.
+
+### Removed
+
+- The `request.url.origin` property and `httpx.Origin` class are no longer available.
+- The per-request `cert`, `verify`, and `trust_env` arguments are escalated from raising errors if used, to no longer being available. These arguments should be used on a per-client instance instead, or in the top-level API.
+- The `stream` argument has escalated from raising an error when used, to no longer being available. Use the `client.stream(...)` or `httpx.stream()` streaming API instead.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Redirect loop detection matches against `(method, url)` rather than `url`. (Pull #734)
+
+---
+
+## 0.10.1 (December 31st, 2019)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Fix issue with concurrent connection acquiry. (Pull #700)
+- Fix write error on closing HTTP/2 connections. (Pull #699)
+
+## 0.10.0 (December 29th, 2019)
+
+The 0.10.0 release makes some changes that will allow us to support both sync and async interfaces.
+
+In particular with streaming responses the `response.read()` method becomes `response.aread()`, and the `response.close()` method becomes `response.aclose()`.
+
+If following redirects explicitly the `response.next()` method becomes `response.anext()`.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- End HTTP/2 streams immediately on no-body requests, rather than sending an empty body message. (Pull #682)
+- Improve typing for `Response.request`: switch from `Optional[Request]` to `Request`. (Pull #666)
+- `Response.elapsed` now reflects the entire download time. (Pull #687, #692)
+
+### Changed
+
+- Added `AsyncClient` as a synonym for `Client`. (Pull #680)
+- Switch to `response.aread()` for conditionally reading streaming responses. (Pull #674)
+- Switch to `response.aclose()` and `client.aclose()` for explicit closing. (Pull #674, #675)
+- Switch to `response.anext()` for resolving the next redirect response. (Pull #676)
+
+### Removed
+
+- When using a client instance, the per-request usage of `verify`, `cert`, and `trust_env` have now escalated from raising a warning to raising an error. You should set these arguments on the client instead. (Pull #617)
+- Removed the undocumented `request.read()`, since end users should not require it.
+
+---
+
+## 0.9.5 (December 20th, 2019)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Fix Host header and HSTS rewrites when an explicit `:80` port is included in URL. (Pull #649)
+- Query Params on the URL string are merged with any `params=...` argument. (Pull #653)
+- More robust behavior when closing connections. (Pull #640)
+- More robust behavior when handling HTTP/2 headers with trailing whitespace. (Pull #637)
+- Allow any explicit `Content-Type` header to take precedence over the encoding default. (Pull #633)
+
+## 0.9.4 (December 12th, 2019)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Added expiry to Keep-Alive connections, resolving issues with acquiring connections. (Pull #627)
+- Increased flow control windows on HTTP/2, resolving download speed issues. (Pull #629)
+
+## 0.9.3 (December 7th, 2019)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Fixed HTTP/2 with autodetection backend. (Pull #614)
+
+## 0.9.2 (December 7th, 2019)
+
+* Released due to packaging build artifact.
+
+## 0.9.1 (December 6th, 2019)
+
+* Released due to packaging build artifact.
+
+## 0.9.0 (December 6th, 2019)
+
+The 0.9 releases brings some major new features, including:
+
+* A new streaming API.
+* Autodetection of either asyncio or trio.
+* Nicer timeout configuration.
+* HTTP/2 support off by default, but can be enabled.
+
+We've also removed all private types from the top-level package export.
+
+In order to ensure you are only ever working with public API you should make
+sure to only import the top-level package eg. `import httpx`, rather than
+importing modules within the package.
+
+### Added
+
+- Added concurrency backend autodetection. (Pull #585)
+- Added `Client(backend='trio')` and `Client(backend='asyncio')` API. (Pull #585)
+- Added `response.stream_lines()` API. (Pull #575)
+- Added `response.is_error` API. (Pull #574)
+- Added support for `timeout=Timeout(5.0, connect_timeout=60.0)` styles. (Pull #593)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Requests or Clients with `timeout=None` now correctly always disable timeouts. (Pull #592)
+- Request 'Authorization' headers now have priority over `.netrc` authentication info. (Commit 095b691)
+- Files without a filename no longer set a Content-Type in multipart data. (Commit ed94950)
+
+### Changed
+
+- Added `httpx.stream()` API. Using `stream=True` now results in a warning. (Pull #600, #610)
+- HTTP/2 support is switched to "off by default", but can be enabled explicitly. (Pull #584)
+- Switched to `Client(http2=True)` API from `Client(http_versions=["HTTP/1.1", "HTTP/2"])`. (Pull #586)
+- Removed all private types from the top-level package export. (Pull #608)
+- The SSL configuration settings of `verify`, `cert`, and `trust_env` now raise warnings if used per-request when using a Client instance. They should always be set on the Client instance itself. (Pull #597)
+- Use plain strings "TUNNEL_ONLY" or "FORWARD_ONLY" on the HTTPProxy `proxy_mode` argument. The `HTTPProxyMode` enum still exists, but its usage will raise warnings. (#610)
+- Pool timeouts are now on the timeout configuration, not the pool limits configuration. (Pull #563)
+- The timeout configuration is now named `httpx.Timeout(...)`, not `httpx.TimeoutConfig(...)`. The old version currently remains as a synonym for backwards compatability.  (Pull #591)
+
+---
+
+## 0.8.0 (November 27, 2019)
+
+### Removed
+
+- The synchronous API has been removed, in order to allow us to fundamentally change how we approach supporting both sync and async variants. (See #588 for more details.)
+
+---
+
+## 0.7.8 (November 17, 2019)
+
+### Added
+
+- Add support for proxy tunnels for Python 3.6 + asyncio. (Pull #521)
+
+## 0.7.7 (November 15, 2019)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Resolve an issue with cookies behavior on redirect requests. (Pull #529)
+
+### Added
+
+- Add request/response DEBUG logs. (Pull #502)
+- Use TRACE log level for low level info. (Pull #500)
+
+## 0.7.6 (November 2, 2019)
+
+### Removed
+
+- Drop `proxies` parameter from the high-level API. (Pull #485)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Tweak multipart files: omit null filenames, add support for `str` file contents. (Pull #482)
+- Cache NETRC authentication per-client. (Pull #400)
+- Rely on `getproxies` for all proxy environment variables. (Pull #470)
+- Wait for the `asyncio` stream to close when closing a connection. (Pull #494)
+
+## 0.7.5 (October 10, 2019)
+
+### Added
+
+- Allow lists of values to be passed to `params`. (Pull #386)
+- `ASGIDispatch`, `WSGIDispatch` are now available in the `httpx.dispatch` namespace. (Pull #407)
+- `HTTPError` is now available in the `httpx` namespace.  (Pull #421)
+- Add support for `start_tls()` to the Trio concurrency backend. (Pull #467)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Username and password are no longer included in the `Host` header when basic authentication
+  credentials are supplied via the URL. (Pull #417)
+
+### Removed
+
+- The `.delete()` function no longer has `json`, `data`, or `files` parameters
+  to match the expected semantics of the `DELETE` method. (Pull #408)
+- Removed the `trio` extra. Trio support is detected automatically. (Pull #390)
+
+## 0.7.4 (September 25, 2019)
+
+### Added
+
+- Add Trio concurrency backend. (Pull #276)
+- Add `params` parameter to `Client` for setting default query parameters. (Pull #372)
+- Add support for `SSL_CERT_FILE` and `SSL_CERT_DIR` environment variables. (Pull #307)
+- Add debug logging to calls into ASGI apps. (Pull #371)
+- Add debug logging to SSL configuration. (Pull #378)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Fix a bug when using `Client` without timeouts in Python 3.6. (Pull #383)
+- Propagate `Client` configuration to HTTP proxies. (Pull #377)
+
+## 0.7.3 (September 20, 2019)
+
+### Added
+
+- HTTP Proxy support. (Pulls #259, #353)
+- Add Digest authentication. (Pull #332)
+- Add `.build_request()` method to `Client` and `AsyncClient`. (Pull #319)
+- Add `.elapsed` property on responses. (Pull #351)
+- Add support for `SSLKEYLOGFILE` in Python 3.8b4+. (Pull #301)
+
+### Removed
+
+- Drop NPN support for HTTP version negotiation. (Pull #314)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Fix distribution of type annotations for mypy (Pull #361).
+- Set `Host` header when redirecting cross-origin. (Pull #321)
+- Drop `Content-Length` headers on `GET` redirects. (Pull #310)
+- Raise `KeyError` if header isn't found in `Headers`. (Pull #324)
+- Raise `NotRedirectResponse` in `response.next()` if there is no redirection to perform. (Pull #297)
+- Fix bug in calculating the HTTP/2 maximum frame size. (Pull #153)
+
+## 0.7.2 (August 28, 2019)
+
+- Enforce using `httpx.AsyncioBackend` for the synchronous client. (Pull #232)
+- `httpx.ConnectionPool` will properly release a dropped connection. (Pull #230)
+- Remove the `raise_app_exceptions` argument from `Client`. (Pull #238)
+- `DecodeError` will no longer be raised for an empty body encoded with Brotli. (Pull #237)
+- Added `http_versions` parameter to `Client`. (Pull #250)
+- Only use HTTP/1.1 on short-lived connections like `httpx.get()`. (Pull #284)
+- Convert `Client.cookies` and `Client.headers` when set as a property. (Pull #274)
+- Setting `HTTPX_DEBUG=1` enables debug logging on all requests. (Pull #277)
+
+## 0.7.1 (August 18, 2019)
+
+- Include files with source distribution to be installable. (Pull #233)
+
+## 0.7.0 (August 17, 2019)
+
+- Add the `trust_env` property to `BaseClient`. (Pull #187)
+- Add the `links` property to `BaseResponse`. (Pull #211)
+- Accept `ssl.SSLContext` instances into `SSLConfig(verify=...)`. (Pull #215)
+- Add `Response.stream_text()` with incremental encoding detection. (Pull #183)
+- Properly updated the `Host` header when a redirect changes the origin. (Pull #199)
+- Ignore invalid `Content-Encoding` headers. (Pull #196)
+- Use `~/.netrc` and `~/_netrc` files by default when `trust_env=True`. (Pull #189)
+- Create exception base class `HTTPError` with `request` and `response` properties. (Pull #162)
+- Add HSTS preload list checking within `BaseClient` to upgrade HTTP URLs to HTTPS. (Pull #184)
+- Switch IDNA encoding from IDNA 2003 to IDNA 2008. (Pull #161)
+- Expose base classes for alternate concurrency backends. (Pull #178)
+- Improve Multipart parameter encoding. (Pull #167)
+- Add the `headers` proeprty to `BaseClient`. (Pull #159)
+- Add support for Google's `brotli` library. (Pull #156)
+- Remove deprecated TLS versions (TLSv1 and TLSv1.1) from default `SSLConfig`. (Pull #155)
+- Fix `URL.join(...)` to work similarly to RFC 3986 URL joining. (Pull #144)
+
+---
+
+## 0.6.8 (July 25, 2019)
+
+- Check for disconnections when searching for an available
+  connection in `ConnectionPool.keepalive_connections` (Pull #145)
+- Allow string comparison for `URL` objects (Pull #139)
+- Add HTTP status codes 418 and 451 (Pull #135)
+- Add support for client certificate passwords (Pull #118)
+- Enable post-handshake client cert authentication for TLSv1.3 (Pull #118)
+- Disable using `commonName` for hostname checking for OpenSSL 1.1.0+ (Pull #118)
+- Detect encoding for `Response.json()` (Pull #116)
+
+## 0.6.7 (July 8, 2019)
+
+- Check for connection aliveness on re-acquiry (Pull #111)
+
+## 0.6.6 (July 3, 2019)
+
+- Improve `USER_AGENT` (Pull #110)
+- Add `Connection: keep-alive` by default to HTTP/1.1 connections. (Pull #110)
+
+## 0.6.5 (June 27, 2019)
+
+- Include `Host` header by default. (Pull #109)
+- Improve HTTP protocol detection. (Pull #107)
+
+## 0.6.4 (June 25, 2019)
+
+- Implement read and write timeouts (Pull #104)
+
+## 0.6.3 (June 24, 2019)
+
+- Handle early connection closes (Pull #103)
+
+## 0.6.2 (June 23, 2019)
+
+- Use urllib3's `DEFAULT_CIPHERS` for the `SSLConfig` object. (Pull #100)
+
+## 0.6.1 (June 21, 2019)
+
+- Add support for setting a `base_url` on the `Client`.
+
+## 0.6.0 (June 21, 2019)
+
+- Honor `local_flow_control_window` for HTTP/2 connections (Pull #98)
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3298c3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/LICENSE.md,sha256=TsWdVE8StfU5o6cW_TIaxYzNgDC0ZSIfLIgCAM3yjY0,1508
+httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=M4xmaC8FXJlOWy5XauBXlgLbYLi3UOB41nBB-PIGZ_E,44718
+httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/RECORD,,
+httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=OqRkF0eY5GHssMorFjlbTIq072vpHpF60fIQA6lS9xA,92
+httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=8QYqFolXm27kV0x-8K8V5t-uZskSHKtq8jZVxGwtIq4,24
+httpx/__init__.py,sha256=UaP-xFey6dHDXR9KS5XZF9otl_3WNdk_2xGc1pB_7CE,2761
+httpx/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/__version__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_api.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_auth.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_client.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_compat.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_config.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_content.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_decoders.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_exceptions.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_models.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_multipart.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_status_codes.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_types.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__pycache__/_utils.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/__version__.py,sha256=zSYF8zemUHR-AOPXrxRhqs3fnYIblJerxdT5sdRZ8LU,108
+httpx/_api.py,sha256=HQxn11Qq20DXoSLNDTADpHsNaZZc1LbeQ6UT7dNkkCw,11676
+httpx/_auth.py,sha256=_oB2rvFKngdFpBvFSZKM1k7U1Q4rqRfimCmb7DmtVB0,10242
+httpx/_client.py,sha256=LnpOiIhR_jY_1syD6cGOz-3zRNPdvqCKbCx017R75ck,63058
+httpx/_compat.py,sha256=ifJKFjmqMdB94yDdFELuTfExjg9NL6XgU7kN5XV6vJY,937
+httpx/_config.py,sha256=zTmxLDbFn4AYISj3BWPFrSnEK6awwN2atpXbJhyMVnY,12108
+httpx/_content.py,sha256=Z48LbGjD2tLH_oPB1dISGi4tpGWg-ncOngclWJblBGQ,6916
+httpx/_decoders.py,sha256=bw5WG3Pra1UbzeoqUMnMNoC_l_UJeSzi1mtSljyJwKw,11705
+httpx/_exceptions.py,sha256=MOrPYbCWreCtlgwn1msgaaTrvFBAM6t5GXe4X8ud9aM,7797
+httpx/_models.py,sha256=8xtd5DylK1qTO-_i7mbmHrNZcbEZjPgNcNs1Z_lOBas,65645
+httpx/_multipart.py,sha256=nuqiW8HT4D1d2W6TeL_hX5LDvPSMEq-yqMKT2MqQisM,6634
+httpx/_status_codes.py,sha256=b4bJYEAu6SsNKx1VhYAaM1UA20h7TyokwU57k3UuCqE,5313
+httpx/_transports/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+httpx/_transports/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/_transports/__pycache__/asgi.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/_transports/__pycache__/base.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/_transports/__pycache__/default.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/_transports/__pycache__/mock.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/_transports/__pycache__/wsgi.cpython-39.pyc,,
+httpx/_transports/asgi.py,sha256=yGmxK-GImAyCRzDUwlX7rFNLeRiohorlJEt2t04_tp0,5189
+httpx/_transports/base.py,sha256=vsxknZSyqLrd0bUTG7xqEjIJUEYyyEJd1QpWGLBd0Hk,6723
+httpx/_transports/default.py,sha256=_-rv1M-i2IZJGsGGI_e9Ubj7OrrhcI-fvtHkX0BFMz0,9539
+httpx/_transports/mock.py,sha256=ITDBS0y8Jg_yTNKXz3SSEnlNRD-c9Yws_I1Xh3JB_Vo,2063
+httpx/_transports/wsgi.py,sha256=6JCzGQQ8DlVO7YvRt_66X6xzCu9y-CGe5Lxsij5c-j4,4481
+httpx/_types.py,sha256=hDqT0vu7Mnak-JyIKnFI6LYOKDBda35zH65BHJiAtrs,2216
+httpx/_utils.py,sha256=yen2GFqPpU8VUQ0vuPOwu31XFE4ocsa9FheV6aq4qGs,16568
+httpx/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..385faab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.36.2)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c180eb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx-0.18.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+httpx
+httpx/_transports
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4af3904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+from .__version__ import __description__, __title__, __version__
+from ._api import delete, get, head, options, patch, post, put, request, stream
+from ._auth import Auth, BasicAuth, DigestAuth
+from ._client import USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT, AsyncClient, Client
+from ._config import Limits, Proxy, Timeout, create_ssl_context
+from ._content import ByteStream
+from ._exceptions import (
+    CloseError,
+    ConnectError,
+    ConnectTimeout,
+    CookieConflict,
+    DecodingError,
+    HTTPError,
+    HTTPStatusError,
+    InvalidURL,
+    LocalProtocolError,
+    NetworkError,
+    PoolTimeout,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ProxyError,
+    ReadError,
+    ReadTimeout,
+    RemoteProtocolError,
+    RequestError,
+    RequestNotRead,
+    ResponseNotRead,
+    StreamClosed,
+    StreamConsumed,
+    StreamError,
+    TimeoutException,
+    TooManyRedirects,
+    TransportError,
+    UnsupportedProtocol,
+    WriteError,
+    WriteTimeout,
+)
+from ._models import URL, Cookies, Headers, QueryParams, Request, Response
+from ._status_codes import codes
+from ._transports.asgi import ASGITransport
+from ._transports.base import (
+    AsyncBaseTransport,
+    AsyncByteStream,
+    BaseTransport,
+    SyncByteStream,
+)
+from ._transports.default import AsyncHTTPTransport, HTTPTransport
+from ._transports.mock import MockTransport
+from ._transports.wsgi import WSGITransport
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__description__",
+    "__title__",
+    "__version__",
+    "ASGITransport",
+    "AsyncBaseTransport",
+    "AsyncByteStream",
+    "AsyncClient",
+    "AsyncHTTPTransport",
+    "Auth",
+    "BaseTransport",
+    "BasicAuth",
+    "ByteStream",
+    "Client",
+    "CloseError",
+    "codes",
+    "ConnectError",
+    "ConnectTimeout",
+    "CookieConflict",
+    "Cookies",
+    "create_ssl_context",
+    "DecodingError",
+    "delete",
+    "DigestAuth",
+    "get",
+    "head",
+    "Headers",
+    "HTTPError",
+    "HTTPStatusError",
+    "HTTPTransport",
+    "InvalidURL",
+    "Limits",
+    "LocalProtocolError",
+    "MockTransport",
+    "NetworkError",
+    "options",
+    "patch",
+    "PoolTimeout",
+    "post",
+    "ProtocolError",
+    "Proxy",
+    "ProxyError",
+    "put",
+    "QueryParams",
+    "ReadError",
+    "ReadTimeout",
+    "RemoteProtocolError",
+    "request",
+    "Request",
+    "RequestError",
+    "RequestNotRead",
+    "Response",
+    "ResponseNotRead",
+    "stream",
+    "StreamClosed",
+    "StreamConsumed",
+    "StreamError",
+    "SyncByteStream",
+    "Timeout",
+    "TimeoutException",
+    "TooManyRedirects",
+    "TransportError",
+    "UnsupportedProtocol",
+    "URL",
+    "USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT",
+    "WriteError",
+    "WriteTimeout",
+    "WSGITransport",
+]
+
+
+__locals = locals()
+for __name in __all__:
+    if not __name.startswith("__"):
+        setattr(__locals[__name], "__module__", "httpx")  # noqa
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/__version__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/__version__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc82965
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/__version__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+__title__ = "httpx"
+__description__ = "A next generation HTTP client, for Python 3."
+__version__ = "0.18.2"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da81853
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
+import typing
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+from ._client import Client
+from ._config import DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG
+from ._models import Response
+from ._types import (
+    AuthTypes,
+    CertTypes,
+    CookieTypes,
+    HeaderTypes,
+    ProxiesTypes,
+    QueryParamTypes,
+    RequestContent,
+    RequestData,
+    RequestFiles,
+    TimeoutTypes,
+    URLTypes,
+    VerifyTypes,
+)
+
+
+def request(
+    method: str,
+    url: URLTypes,
+    *,
+    params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+    content: RequestContent = None,
+    data: RequestData = None,
+    files: RequestFiles = None,
+    json: typing.Any = None,
+    headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+    cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    auth: AuthTypes = None,
+    proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+    timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    allow_redirects: bool = True,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+) -> Response:
+    """
+    Sends an HTTP request.
+
+    **Parameters:**
+
+    * **method** - HTTP method for the new `Request` object: `GET`, `OPTIONS`,
+    `HEAD`, `POST`, `PUT`, `PATCH`, or `DELETE`.
+    * **url** - URL for the new `Request` object.
+    * **params** - *(optional)* Query parameters to include in the URL, as a
+    string, dictionary, or sequence of two-tuples.
+    * **content** - *(optional)* Binary content to include in the body of the
+    request, as bytes or a byte iterator.
+    * **data** - *(optional)* Form data to include in the body of the request,
+    as a dictionary.
+    * **files** - *(optional)* A dictionary of upload files to include in the
+    body of the request.
+    * **json** - *(optional)* A JSON serializable object to include in the body
+    of the request.
+    * **headers** - *(optional)* Dictionary of HTTP headers to include in the
+    request.
+    * **cookies** - *(optional)* Dictionary of Cookie items to include in the
+    request.
+    * **auth** - *(optional)* An authentication class to use when sending the
+    request.
+    * **proxies** - *(optional)* A dictionary mapping proxy keys to proxy URLs.
+    * **timeout** - *(optional)* The timeout configuration to use when sending
+    the request.
+    * **allow_redirects** - *(optional)* Enables or disables HTTP redirects.
+    * **verify** - *(optional)* SSL certificates (a.k.a CA bundle) used to
+    verify the identity of requested hosts. Either `True` (default CA bundle),
+    a path to an SSL certificate file, an `ssl.SSLContext`, or `False`
+    (which will disable verification).
+    * **cert** - *(optional)* An SSL certificate used by the requested host
+    to authenticate the client. Either a path to an SSL certificate file, or
+    two-tuple of (certificate file, key file), or a three-tuple of (certificate
+    file, key file, password).
+    * **trust_env** - *(optional)* Enables or disables usage of environment
+    variables for configuration.
+
+    **Returns:** `Response`
+
+    Usage:
+
+    ```
+    >>> import httpx
+    >>> response = httpx.request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')
+    >>> response
+    <Response [200 OK]>
+    ```
+    """
+    with Client(
+        cookies=cookies,
+        proxies=proxies,
+        cert=cert,
+        verify=verify,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        trust_env=trust_env,
+    ) as client:
+        return client.request(
+            method=method,
+            url=url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+        )
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def stream(
+    method: str,
+    url: URLTypes,
+    *,
+    params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+    content: RequestContent = None,
+    data: RequestData = None,
+    files: RequestFiles = None,
+    json: typing.Any = None,
+    headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+    cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    auth: AuthTypes = None,
+    proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+    timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    allow_redirects: bool = True,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+) -> typing.Iterator[Response]:
+    """
+    Alternative to `httpx.request()` that streams the response body
+    instead of loading it into memory at once.
+
+    **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+
+    See also: [Streaming Responses][0]
+
+    [0]: /quickstart#streaming-responses
+    """
+    with Client(
+        cookies=cookies,
+        proxies=proxies,
+        cert=cert,
+        verify=verify,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        trust_env=trust_env,
+    ) as client:
+        with client.stream(
+            method=method,
+            url=url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+        ) as response:
+            yield response
+
+
+def get(
+    url: URLTypes,
+    *,
+    params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+    headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+    cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    auth: AuthTypes = None,
+    proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+    allow_redirects: bool = True,
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+) -> Response:
+    """
+    Sends a `GET` request.
+
+    **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+
+    Note that the `data`, `files`, and `json` parameters are not available on
+    this function, as `GET` requests should not include a request body.
+    """
+    return request(
+        "GET",
+        url,
+        params=params,
+        headers=headers,
+        cookies=cookies,
+        auth=auth,
+        proxies=proxies,
+        allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+        cert=cert,
+        verify=verify,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        trust_env=trust_env,
+    )
+
+
+def options(
+    url: URLTypes,
+    *,
+    params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+    headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+    cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    auth: AuthTypes = None,
+    proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+    allow_redirects: bool = True,
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+) -> Response:
+    """
+    Sends an `OPTIONS` request.
+
+    **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+
+    Note that the `data`, `files`, and `json` parameters are not available on
+    this function, as `OPTIONS` requests should not include a request body.
+    """
+    return request(
+        "OPTIONS",
+        url,
+        params=params,
+        headers=headers,
+        cookies=cookies,
+        auth=auth,
+        proxies=proxies,
+        allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+        cert=cert,
+        verify=verify,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        trust_env=trust_env,
+    )
+
+
+def head(
+    url: URLTypes,
+    *,
+    params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+    headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+    cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    auth: AuthTypes = None,
+    proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+    allow_redirects: bool = True,
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+) -> Response:
+    """
+    Sends a `HEAD` request.
+
+    **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+
+    Note that the `data`, `files`, and `json` parameters are not available on
+    this function, as `HEAD` requests should not include a request body.
+    """
+    return request(
+        "HEAD",
+        url,
+        params=params,
+        headers=headers,
+        cookies=cookies,
+        auth=auth,
+        proxies=proxies,
+        allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+        cert=cert,
+        verify=verify,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        trust_env=trust_env,
+    )
+
+
+def post(
+    url: URLTypes,
+    *,
+    content: RequestContent = None,
+    data: RequestData = None,
+    files: RequestFiles = None,
+    json: typing.Any = None,
+    params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+    headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+    cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    auth: AuthTypes = None,
+    proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+    allow_redirects: bool = True,
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+) -> Response:
+    """
+    Sends a `POST` request.
+
+    **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+    """
+    return request(
+        "POST",
+        url,
+        content=content,
+        data=data,
+        files=files,
+        json=json,
+        params=params,
+        headers=headers,
+        cookies=cookies,
+        auth=auth,
+        proxies=proxies,
+        allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+        cert=cert,
+        verify=verify,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        trust_env=trust_env,
+    )
+
+
+def put(
+    url: URLTypes,
+    *,
+    content: RequestContent = None,
+    data: RequestData = None,
+    files: RequestFiles = None,
+    json: typing.Any = None,
+    params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+    headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+    cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    auth: AuthTypes = None,
+    proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+    allow_redirects: bool = True,
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+) -> Response:
+    """
+    Sends a `PUT` request.
+
+    **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+    """
+    return request(
+        "PUT",
+        url,
+        content=content,
+        data=data,
+        files=files,
+        json=json,
+        params=params,
+        headers=headers,
+        cookies=cookies,
+        auth=auth,
+        proxies=proxies,
+        allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+        cert=cert,
+        verify=verify,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        trust_env=trust_env,
+    )
+
+
+def patch(
+    url: URLTypes,
+    *,
+    content: RequestContent = None,
+    data: RequestData = None,
+    files: RequestFiles = None,
+    json: typing.Any = None,
+    params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+    headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+    cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    auth: AuthTypes = None,
+    proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+    allow_redirects: bool = True,
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+) -> Response:
+    """
+    Sends a `PATCH` request.
+
+    **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+    """
+    return request(
+        "PATCH",
+        url,
+        content=content,
+        data=data,
+        files=files,
+        json=json,
+        params=params,
+        headers=headers,
+        cookies=cookies,
+        auth=auth,
+        proxies=proxies,
+        allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+        cert=cert,
+        verify=verify,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        trust_env=trust_env,
+    )
+
+
+def delete(
+    url: URLTypes,
+    *,
+    params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+    headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+    cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    auth: AuthTypes = None,
+    proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+    allow_redirects: bool = True,
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+) -> Response:
+    """
+    Sends a `DELETE` request.
+
+    **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+
+    Note that the `data`, `files`, and `json` parameters are not available on
+    this function, as `DELETE` requests should not include a request body.
+    """
+    return request(
+        "DELETE",
+        url,
+        params=params,
+        headers=headers,
+        cookies=cookies,
+        auth=auth,
+        proxies=proxies,
+        allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+        cert=cert,
+        verify=verify,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        trust_env=trust_env,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_auth.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_auth.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..343f9cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+import hashlib
+import os
+import re
+import time
+import typing
+from base64 import b64encode
+from urllib.request import parse_http_list
+
+from ._exceptions import ProtocolError
+from ._models import Request, Response
+from ._utils import to_bytes, to_str, unquote
+
+
+class Auth:
+    """
+    Base class for all authentication schemes.
+
+    To implement a custom authentication scheme, subclass `Auth` and override
+    the `.auth_flow()` method.
+
+    If the authentication scheme does I/O such as disk access or network calls, or uses
+    synchronization primitives such as locks, you should override `.sync_auth_flow()`
+    and/or `.async_auth_flow()` instead of `.auth_flow()` to provide specialized
+    implementations that will be used by `Client` and `AsyncClient` respectively.
+    """
+
+    requires_request_body = False
+    requires_response_body = False
+
+    def auth_flow(self, request: Request) -> typing.Generator[Request, Response, None]:
+        """
+        Execute the authentication flow.
+
+        To dispatch a request, `yield` it:
+
+        ```
+        yield request
+        ```
+
+        The client will `.send()` the response back into the flow generator. You can
+        access it like so:
+
+        ```
+        response = yield request
+        ```
+
+        A `return` (or reaching the end of the generator) will result in the
+        client returning the last response obtained from the server.
+
+        You can dispatch as many requests as is necessary.
+        """
+        yield request
+
+    def sync_auth_flow(
+        self, request: Request
+    ) -> typing.Generator[Request, Response, None]:
+        """
+        Execute the authentication flow synchronously.
+
+        By default, this defers to `.auth_flow()`. You should override this method
+        when the authentication scheme does I/O and/or uses concurrency primitives.
+        """
+        if self.requires_request_body:
+            request.read()
+
+        flow = self.auth_flow(request)
+        request = next(flow)
+
+        while True:
+            response = yield request
+            if self.requires_response_body:
+                response.read()
+
+            try:
+                request = flow.send(response)
+            except StopIteration:
+                break
+
+    async def async_auth_flow(
+        self, request: Request
+    ) -> typing.AsyncGenerator[Request, Response]:
+        """
+        Execute the authentication flow asynchronously.
+
+        By default, this defers to `.auth_flow()`. You should override this method
+        when the authentication scheme does I/O and/or uses concurrency primitives.
+        """
+        if self.requires_request_body:
+            await request.aread()
+
+        flow = self.auth_flow(request)
+        request = next(flow)
+
+        while True:
+            response = yield request
+            if self.requires_response_body:
+                await response.aread()
+
+            try:
+                request = flow.send(response)
+            except StopIteration:
+                break
+
+
+class FunctionAuth(Auth):
+    """
+    Allows the 'auth' argument to be passed as a simple callable function,
+    that takes the request, and returns a new, modified request.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, func: typing.Callable[[Request], Request]) -> None:
+        self._func = func
+
+    def auth_flow(self, request: Request) -> typing.Generator[Request, Response, None]:
+        yield self._func(request)
+
+
+class BasicAuth(Auth):
+    """
+    Allows the 'auth' argument to be passed as a (username, password) pair,
+    and uses HTTP Basic authentication.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, username: typing.Union[str, bytes], password: typing.Union[str, bytes]
+    ):
+        self._auth_header = self._build_auth_header(username, password)
+
+    def auth_flow(self, request: Request) -> typing.Generator[Request, Response, None]:
+        request.headers["Authorization"] = self._auth_header
+        yield request
+
+    def _build_auth_header(
+        self, username: typing.Union[str, bytes], password: typing.Union[str, bytes]
+    ) -> str:
+        userpass = b":".join((to_bytes(username), to_bytes(password)))
+        token = b64encode(userpass).decode()
+        return f"Basic {token}"
+
+
+class DigestAuth(Auth):
+    _ALGORITHM_TO_HASH_FUNCTION: typing.Dict[str, typing.Callable] = {
+        "MD5": hashlib.md5,
+        "MD5-SESS": hashlib.md5,
+        "SHA": hashlib.sha1,
+        "SHA-SESS": hashlib.sha1,
+        "SHA-256": hashlib.sha256,
+        "SHA-256-SESS": hashlib.sha256,
+        "SHA-512": hashlib.sha512,
+        "SHA-512-SESS": hashlib.sha512,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, username: typing.Union[str, bytes], password: typing.Union[str, bytes]
+    ) -> None:
+        self._username = to_bytes(username)
+        self._password = to_bytes(password)
+
+    def auth_flow(self, request: Request) -> typing.Generator[Request, Response, None]:
+        response = yield request
+
+        if response.status_code != 401 or "www-authenticate" not in response.headers:
+            # If the response is not a 401 then we don't
+            # need to build an authenticated request.
+            return
+
+        for auth_header in response.headers.get_list("www-authenticate"):
+            if auth_header.lower().startswith("digest "):
+                break
+        else:
+            # If the response does not include a 'WWW-Authenticate: Digest ...'
+            # header, then we don't need to build an authenticated request.
+            return
+
+        challenge = self._parse_challenge(request, response, auth_header)
+        request.headers["Authorization"] = self._build_auth_header(request, challenge)
+        yield request
+
+    def _parse_challenge(
+        self, request: Request, response: Response, auth_header: str
+    ) -> "_DigestAuthChallenge":
+        """
+        Returns a challenge from a Digest WWW-Authenticate header.
+        These take the form of:
+        `Digest realm="realm@host.com",qop="auth,auth-int",nonce="abc",opaque="xyz"`
+        """
+        scheme, _, fields = auth_header.partition(" ")
+
+        # This method should only ever have been called with a Digest auth header.
+        assert scheme.lower() == "digest"
+
+        header_dict: typing.Dict[str, str] = {}
+        for field in parse_http_list(fields):
+            key, value = field.strip().split("=", 1)
+            header_dict[key] = unquote(value)
+
+        try:
+            realm = header_dict["realm"].encode()
+            nonce = header_dict["nonce"].encode()
+            algorithm = header_dict.get("algorithm", "MD5")
+            opaque = header_dict["opaque"].encode() if "opaque" in header_dict else None
+            qop = header_dict["qop"].encode() if "qop" in header_dict else None
+            return _DigestAuthChallenge(
+                realm=realm, nonce=nonce, algorithm=algorithm, opaque=opaque, qop=qop
+            )
+        except KeyError as exc:
+            message = "Malformed Digest WWW-Authenticate header"
+            raise ProtocolError(message, request=request) from exc
+
+    def _build_auth_header(
+        self, request: Request, challenge: "_DigestAuthChallenge"
+    ) -> str:
+        hash_func = self._ALGORITHM_TO_HASH_FUNCTION[challenge.algorithm]
+
+        def digest(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+            return hash_func(data).hexdigest().encode()
+
+        A1 = b":".join((self._username, challenge.realm, self._password))
+
+        path = request.url.raw_path
+        A2 = b":".join((request.method.encode(), path))
+        # TODO: implement auth-int
+        HA2 = digest(A2)
+
+        nonce_count = 1  # TODO: implement nonce counting
+        nc_value = b"%08x" % nonce_count
+        cnonce = self._get_client_nonce(nonce_count, challenge.nonce)
+
+        HA1 = digest(A1)
+        if challenge.algorithm.lower().endswith("-sess"):
+            HA1 = digest(b":".join((HA1, challenge.nonce, cnonce)))
+
+        qop = self._resolve_qop(challenge.qop, request=request)
+        if qop is None:
+            digest_data = [HA1, challenge.nonce, HA2]
+        else:
+            digest_data = [challenge.nonce, nc_value, cnonce, qop, HA2]
+        key_digest = b":".join(digest_data)
+
+        format_args = {
+            "username": self._username,
+            "realm": challenge.realm,
+            "nonce": challenge.nonce,
+            "uri": path,
+            "response": digest(b":".join((HA1, key_digest))),
+            "algorithm": challenge.algorithm.encode(),
+        }
+        if challenge.opaque:
+            format_args["opaque"] = challenge.opaque
+        if qop:
+            format_args["qop"] = b"auth"
+            format_args["nc"] = nc_value
+            format_args["cnonce"] = cnonce
+
+        return "Digest " + self._get_header_value(format_args)
+
+    def _get_client_nonce(self, nonce_count: int, nonce: bytes) -> bytes:
+        s = str(nonce_count).encode()
+        s += nonce
+        s += time.ctime().encode()
+        s += os.urandom(8)
+
+        return hashlib.sha1(s).hexdigest()[:16].encode()
+
+    def _get_header_value(self, header_fields: typing.Dict[str, bytes]) -> str:
+        NON_QUOTED_FIELDS = ("algorithm", "qop", "nc")
+        QUOTED_TEMPLATE = '{}="{}"'
+        NON_QUOTED_TEMPLATE = "{}={}"
+
+        header_value = ""
+        for i, (field, value) in enumerate(header_fields.items()):
+            if i > 0:
+                header_value += ", "
+            template = (
+                QUOTED_TEMPLATE
+                if field not in NON_QUOTED_FIELDS
+                else NON_QUOTED_TEMPLATE
+            )
+            header_value += template.format(field, to_str(value))
+
+        return header_value
+
+    def _resolve_qop(
+        self, qop: typing.Optional[bytes], request: Request
+    ) -> typing.Optional[bytes]:
+        if qop is None:
+            return None
+        qops = re.split(b", ?", qop)
+        if b"auth" in qops:
+            return b"auth"
+
+        if qops == [b"auth-int"]:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Digest auth-int support is not yet implemented")
+
+        message = f'Unexpected qop value "{qop!r}" in digest auth'
+        raise ProtocolError(message, request=request)
+
+
+class _DigestAuthChallenge(typing.NamedTuple):
+    realm: bytes
+    nonce: bytes
+    algorithm: str
+    opaque: typing.Optional[bytes]
+    qop: typing.Optional[bytes]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_client.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_client.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6e1efb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_client.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1982 @@
+import datetime
+import enum
+import typing
+import warnings
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from types import TracebackType
+
+from .__version__ import __version__
+from ._auth import Auth, BasicAuth, FunctionAuth
+from ._compat import asynccontextmanager
+from ._config import (
+    DEFAULT_LIMITS,
+    DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS,
+    DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+    Limits,
+    Proxy,
+    Timeout,
+)
+from ._decoders import SUPPORTED_DECODERS
+from ._exceptions import (
+    InvalidURL,
+    RemoteProtocolError,
+    TooManyRedirects,
+    request_context,
+)
+from ._models import URL, Cookies, Headers, QueryParams, Request, Response
+from ._status_codes import codes
+from ._transports.asgi import ASGITransport
+from ._transports.base import (
+    AsyncBaseTransport,
+    AsyncByteStream,
+    BaseTransport,
+    SyncByteStream,
+)
+from ._transports.default import AsyncHTTPTransport, HTTPTransport
+from ._transports.wsgi import WSGITransport
+from ._types import (
+    AuthTypes,
+    CertTypes,
+    CookieTypes,
+    HeaderTypes,
+    ProxiesTypes,
+    QueryParamTypes,
+    RequestContent,
+    RequestData,
+    RequestFiles,
+    TimeoutTypes,
+    URLTypes,
+    VerifyTypes,
+)
+from ._utils import (
+    NetRCInfo,
+    Timer,
+    URLPattern,
+    get_environment_proxies,
+    get_logger,
+    same_origin,
+)
+
+# The type annotation for @classmethod and context managers here follows PEP 484
+# https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0484/#annotating-instance-and-class-methods
+T = typing.TypeVar("T", bound="Client")
+U = typing.TypeVar("U", bound="AsyncClient")
+
+
+class UseClientDefault:
+    """
+    For some parameters such as `auth=...` and `timeout=...` we need to be able
+    to indicate the default "unset" state, in a way that is distinctly different
+    to using `None`.
+
+    The default "unset" state indicates that whatever default is set on the
+    client should be used. This is different to setting `None`, which
+    explicitly disables the parameter, possibly overriding a client default.
+
+    For example we use `timeout=USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT` in the `request()` signature.
+    Omitting the `timeout` parameter will send a request using whatever default
+    timeout has been configured on the client. Including `timeout=None` will
+    ensure no timeout is used.
+
+    Note that user code shouldn't need to use the `USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT` constant,
+    but it is used internally when a parameter is not included.
+    """
+
+    pass  # pragma: nocover
+
+
+USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT = UseClientDefault()
+
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+USER_AGENT = f"python-httpx/{__version__}"
+ACCEPT_ENCODING = ", ".join(
+    [key for key in SUPPORTED_DECODERS.keys() if key != "identity"]
+)
+
+
+class ClientState(enum.Enum):
+    # UNOPENED:
+    #   The client has been instantiated, but has not been used to send a request,
+    #   or been opened by entering the context of a `with` block.
+    UNOPENED = 1
+    # OPENED:
+    #   The client has either sent a request, or is within a `with` block.
+    OPENED = 2
+    # CLOSED:
+    #   The client has either exited the `with` block, or `close()` has
+    #   been called explicitly.
+    CLOSED = 3
+
+
+class BoundSyncStream(SyncByteStream):
+    """
+    A byte stream that is bound to a given response instance, and that
+    ensures the `response.elapsed` is set once the response is closed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, stream: SyncByteStream, response: Response, timer: Timer
+    ) -> None:
+        self._stream = stream
+        self._response = response
+        self._timer = timer
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        for chunk in self._stream:
+            yield chunk
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        seconds = self._timer.sync_elapsed()
+        self._response.elapsed = datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds)
+        self._stream.close()
+
+
+class BoundAsyncStream(AsyncByteStream):
+    """
+    An async byte stream that is bound to a given response instance, and that
+    ensures the `response.elapsed` is set once the response is closed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, stream: AsyncByteStream, response: Response, timer: Timer
+    ) -> None:
+        self._stream = stream
+        self._response = response
+        self._timer = timer
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> typing.AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        async for chunk in self._stream:
+            yield chunk
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        seconds = await self._timer.async_elapsed()
+        self._response.elapsed = datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds)
+        await self._stream.aclose()
+
+
+class BaseClient:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        auth: AuthTypes = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+        max_redirects: int = DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS,
+        event_hooks: typing.Mapping[str, typing.List[typing.Callable]] = None,
+        base_url: URLTypes = "",
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+    ):
+        event_hooks = {} if event_hooks is None else event_hooks
+
+        self._base_url = self._enforce_trailing_slash(URL(base_url))
+
+        self._auth = self._build_auth(auth)
+        self._params = QueryParams(params)
+        self.headers = Headers(headers)
+        self._cookies = Cookies(cookies)
+        self._timeout = Timeout(timeout)
+        self.max_redirects = max_redirects
+        self._event_hooks = {
+            "request": list(event_hooks.get("request", [])),
+            "response": list(event_hooks.get("response", [])),
+        }
+        self._trust_env = trust_env
+        self._netrc = NetRCInfo()
+        self._state = ClientState.UNOPENED
+
+    @property
+    def is_closed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if the client being closed
+        """
+        return self._state == ClientState.CLOSED
+
+    @property
+    def trust_env(self) -> bool:
+        return self._trust_env
+
+    def _enforce_trailing_slash(self, url: URL) -> URL:
+        if url.raw_path.endswith(b"/"):
+            return url
+        return url.copy_with(raw_path=url.raw_path + b"/")
+
+    def _get_proxy_map(
+        self, proxies: typing.Optional[ProxiesTypes], allow_env_proxies: bool
+    ) -> typing.Dict[str, typing.Optional[Proxy]]:
+        if proxies is None:
+            if allow_env_proxies:
+                return {
+                    key: None if url is None else Proxy(url=url)
+                    for key, url in get_environment_proxies().items()
+                }
+            return {}
+        if isinstance(proxies, dict):
+            new_proxies = {}
+            for key, value in proxies.items():
+                proxy = Proxy(url=value) if isinstance(value, (str, URL)) else value
+                new_proxies[str(key)] = proxy
+            return new_proxies
+        else:
+            proxy = Proxy(url=proxies) if isinstance(proxies, (str, URL)) else proxies
+            return {"all://": proxy}
+
+    @property
+    def timeout(self) -> Timeout:
+        return self._timeout
+
+    @timeout.setter
+    def timeout(self, timeout: TimeoutTypes) -> None:
+        self._timeout = Timeout(timeout)
+
+    @property
+    def event_hooks(self) -> typing.Dict[str, typing.List[typing.Callable]]:
+        return self._event_hooks
+
+    @event_hooks.setter
+    def event_hooks(
+        self, event_hooks: typing.Dict[str, typing.List[typing.Callable]]
+    ) -> None:
+        self._event_hooks = {
+            "request": list(event_hooks.get("request", [])),
+            "response": list(event_hooks.get("response", [])),
+        }
+
+    @property
+    def auth(self) -> typing.Optional[Auth]:
+        """
+        Authentication class used when none is passed at the request-level.
+
+        See also [Authentication][0].
+
+        [0]: /quickstart/#authentication
+        """
+        return self._auth
+
+    @auth.setter
+    def auth(self, auth: AuthTypes) -> None:
+        self._auth = self._build_auth(auth)
+
+    @property
+    def base_url(self) -> URL:
+        """
+        Base URL to use when sending requests with relative URLs.
+        """
+        return self._base_url
+
+    @base_url.setter
+    def base_url(self, url: URLTypes) -> None:
+        self._base_url = self._enforce_trailing_slash(URL(url))
+
+    @property
+    def headers(self) -> Headers:
+        """
+        HTTP headers to include when sending requests.
+        """
+        return self._headers
+
+    @headers.setter
+    def headers(self, headers: HeaderTypes) -> None:
+        client_headers = Headers(
+            {
+                b"Accept": b"*/*",
+                b"Accept-Encoding": ACCEPT_ENCODING.encode("ascii"),
+                b"Connection": b"keep-alive",
+                b"User-Agent": USER_AGENT.encode("ascii"),
+            }
+        )
+        client_headers.update(headers)
+        self._headers = client_headers
+
+    @property
+    def cookies(self) -> Cookies:
+        """
+        Cookie values to include when sending requests.
+        """
+        return self._cookies
+
+    @cookies.setter
+    def cookies(self, cookies: CookieTypes) -> None:
+        self._cookies = Cookies(cookies)
+
+    @property
+    def params(self) -> QueryParams:
+        """
+        Query parameters to include in the URL when sending requests.
+        """
+        return self._params
+
+    @params.setter
+    def params(self, params: QueryParamTypes) -> None:
+        self._params = QueryParams(params)
+
+    def build_request(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+    ) -> Request:
+        """
+        Build and return a request instance.
+
+        * The `params`, `headers` and `cookies` arguments
+        are merged with any values set on the client.
+        * The `url` argument is merged with any `base_url` set on the client.
+
+        See also: [Request instances][0]
+
+        [0]: /advanced/#request-instances
+        """
+        url = self._merge_url(url)
+        headers = self._merge_headers(headers)
+        cookies = self._merge_cookies(cookies)
+        params = self._merge_queryparams(params)
+        return Request(
+            method,
+            url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+        )
+
+    def _merge_url(self, url: URLTypes) -> URL:
+        """
+        Merge a URL argument together with any 'base_url' on the client,
+        to create the URL used for the outgoing request.
+        """
+        merge_url = URL(url)
+        if merge_url.is_relative_url:
+            # To merge URLs we always append to the base URL. To get this
+            # behaviour correct we always ensure the base URL ends in a '/'
+            # seperator, and strip any leading '/' from the merge URL.
+            #
+            # So, eg...
+            #
+            # >>> client = Client(base_url="https://www.example.com/subpath")
+            # >>> client.base_url
+            # URL('https://www.example.com/subpath/')
+            # >>> client.build_request("GET", "/path").url
+            # URL('https://www.example.com/subpath/path')
+            merge_raw_path = self.base_url.raw_path + merge_url.raw_path.lstrip(b"/")
+            return self.base_url.copy_with(raw_path=merge_raw_path)
+        return merge_url
+
+    def _merge_cookies(
+        self, cookies: CookieTypes = None
+    ) -> typing.Optional[CookieTypes]:
+        """
+        Merge a cookies argument together with any cookies on the client,
+        to create the cookies used for the outgoing request.
+        """
+        if cookies or self.cookies:
+            merged_cookies = Cookies(self.cookies)
+            merged_cookies.update(cookies)
+            return merged_cookies
+        return cookies
+
+    def _merge_headers(
+        self, headers: HeaderTypes = None
+    ) -> typing.Optional[HeaderTypes]:
+        """
+        Merge a headers argument together with any headers on the client,
+        to create the headers used for the outgoing request.
+        """
+        merged_headers = Headers(self.headers)
+        merged_headers.update(headers)
+        return merged_headers
+
+    def _merge_queryparams(
+        self, params: QueryParamTypes = None
+    ) -> typing.Optional[QueryParamTypes]:
+        """
+        Merge a queryparams argument together with any queryparams on the client,
+        to create the queryparams used for the outgoing request.
+        """
+        if params or self.params:
+            merged_queryparams = QueryParams(self.params)
+            merged_queryparams = merged_queryparams.merge(params)
+            return merged_queryparams
+        return params
+
+    def _build_auth(self, auth: AuthTypes) -> typing.Optional[Auth]:
+        if auth is None:
+            return None
+        elif isinstance(auth, tuple):
+            return BasicAuth(username=auth[0], password=auth[1])
+        elif isinstance(auth, Auth):
+            return auth
+        elif callable(auth):
+            return FunctionAuth(func=auth)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f'Invalid "auth" argument: {auth!r}')
+
+    def _build_request_auth(
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Auth:
+        auth = (
+            self._auth if isinstance(auth, UseClientDefault) else self._build_auth(auth)
+        )
+
+        if auth is not None:
+            return auth
+
+        username, password = request.url.username, request.url.password
+        if username or password:
+            return BasicAuth(username=username, password=password)
+
+        if self.trust_env and "Authorization" not in request.headers:
+            credentials = self._netrc.get_credentials(request.url.host)
+            if credentials is not None:
+                return BasicAuth(username=credentials[0], password=credentials[1])
+
+        return Auth()
+
+    def _build_redirect_request(self, request: Request, response: Response) -> Request:
+        """
+        Given a request and a redirect response, return a new request that
+        should be used to effect the redirect.
+        """
+        method = self._redirect_method(request, response)
+        url = self._redirect_url(request, response)
+        headers = self._redirect_headers(request, url, method)
+        stream = self._redirect_stream(request, method)
+        cookies = Cookies(self.cookies)
+        return Request(
+            method=method, url=url, headers=headers, cookies=cookies, stream=stream
+        )
+
+    def _redirect_method(self, request: Request, response: Response) -> str:
+        """
+        When being redirected we may want to change the method of the request
+        based on certain specs or browser behavior.
+        """
+        method = request.method
+
+        # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.4.4
+        if response.status_code == codes.SEE_OTHER and method != "HEAD":
+            method = "GET"
+
+        # Do what the browsers do, despite standards...
+        # Turn 302s into GETs.
+        if response.status_code == codes.FOUND and method != "HEAD":
+            method = "GET"
+
+        # If a POST is responded to with a 301, turn it into a GET.
+        # This bizarre behaviour is explained in 'requests' issue 1704.
+        if response.status_code == codes.MOVED_PERMANENTLY and method == "POST":
+            method = "GET"
+
+        return method
+
+    def _redirect_url(self, request: Request, response: Response) -> URL:
+        """
+        Return the URL for the redirect to follow.
+        """
+        location = response.headers["Location"]
+
+        try:
+            url = URL(location)
+        except InvalidURL as exc:
+            raise RemoteProtocolError(
+                f"Invalid URL in location header: {exc}.", request=request
+            ) from None
+
+        # Handle malformed 'Location' headers that are "absolute" form, have no host.
+        # See: https://github.com/encode/httpx/issues/771
+        if url.scheme and not url.host:
+            url = url.copy_with(host=request.url.host)
+
+        # Facilitate relative 'Location' headers, as allowed by RFC 7231.
+        # (e.g. '/path/to/resource' instead of 'http://domain.tld/path/to/resource')
+        if url.is_relative_url:
+            url = request.url.join(url)
+
+        # Attach previous fragment if needed (RFC 7231 7.1.2)
+        if request.url.fragment and not url.fragment:
+            url = url.copy_with(fragment=request.url.fragment)
+
+        return url
+
+    def _redirect_headers(self, request: Request, url: URL, method: str) -> Headers:
+        """
+        Return the headers that should be used for the redirect request.
+        """
+        headers = Headers(request.headers)
+
+        if not same_origin(url, request.url):
+            # Strip Authorization headers when responses are redirected away from
+            # the origin.
+            headers.pop("Authorization", None)
+
+            # Update the Host header.
+            headers["Host"] = url.netloc.decode("ascii")
+
+        if method != request.method and method == "GET":
+            # If we've switch to a 'GET' request, then strip any headers which
+            # are only relevant to the request body.
+            headers.pop("Content-Length", None)
+            headers.pop("Transfer-Encoding", None)
+
+        # We should use the client cookie store to determine any cookie header,
+        # rather than whatever was on the original outgoing request.
+        headers.pop("Cookie", None)
+
+        return headers
+
+    def _redirect_stream(
+        self, request: Request, method: str
+    ) -> typing.Optional[typing.Union[SyncByteStream, AsyncByteStream]]:
+        """
+        Return the body that should be used for the redirect request.
+        """
+        if method != request.method and method == "GET":
+            return None
+
+        return request.stream
+
+
+class Client(BaseClient):
+    """
+    An HTTP client, with connection pooling, HTTP/2, redirects, cookie persistence, etc.
+
+    Usage:
+
+    ```python
+    >>> client = httpx.Client()
+    >>> response = client.get('https://example.org')
+    ```
+
+    **Parameters:**
+
+    * **auth** - *(optional)* An authentication class to use when sending
+    requests.
+    * **params** - *(optional)* Query parameters to include in request URLs, as
+    a string, dictionary, or sequence of two-tuples.
+    * **headers** - *(optional)* Dictionary of HTTP headers to include when
+    sending requests.
+    * **cookies** - *(optional)* Dictionary of Cookie items to include when
+    sending requests.
+    * **verify** - *(optional)* SSL certificates (a.k.a CA bundle) used to
+    verify the identity of requested hosts. Either `True` (default CA bundle),
+    a path to an SSL certificate file, an `ssl.SSLContext`, or `False`
+    (which will disable verification).
+    * **cert** - *(optional)* An SSL certificate used by the requested host
+    to authenticate the client. Either a path to an SSL certificate file, or
+    two-tuple of (certificate file, key file), or a three-tuple of (certificate
+    file, key file, password).
+    * **proxies** - *(optional)* A dictionary mapping proxy keys to proxy
+    URLs.
+    * **timeout** - *(optional)* The timeout configuration to use when sending
+    requests.
+    * **limits** - *(optional)* The limits configuration to use.
+    * **max_redirects** - *(optional)* The maximum number of redirect responses
+    that should be followed.
+    * **base_url** - *(optional)* A URL to use as the base when building
+    request URLs.
+    * **transport** - *(optional)* A transport class to use for sending requests
+    over the network.
+    * **app** - *(optional)* An WSGI application to send requests to,
+    rather than sending actual network requests.
+    * **trust_env** - *(optional)* Enables or disables usage of environment
+    variables for configuration.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        auth: AuthTypes = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+        cert: CertTypes = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+        mounts: typing.Mapping[str, BaseTransport] = None,
+        timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+        limits: Limits = DEFAULT_LIMITS,
+        max_redirects: int = DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS,
+        event_hooks: typing.Mapping[str, typing.List[typing.Callable]] = None,
+        base_url: URLTypes = "",
+        transport: BaseTransport = None,
+        app: typing.Callable = None,
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            auth=auth,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            timeout=timeout,
+            max_redirects=max_redirects,
+            event_hooks=event_hooks,
+            base_url=base_url,
+            trust_env=trust_env,
+        )
+
+        if http2:
+            try:
+                import h2  # noqa
+            except ImportError:  # pragma: nocover
+                raise ImportError(
+                    "Using http2=True, but the 'h2' package is not installed. "
+                    "Make sure to install httpx using `pip install httpx[http2]`."
+                ) from None
+
+        allow_env_proxies = trust_env and app is None and transport is None
+        proxy_map = self._get_proxy_map(proxies, allow_env_proxies)
+
+        self._transport = self._init_transport(
+            verify=verify,
+            cert=cert,
+            http1=http1,
+            http2=http2,
+            limits=limits,
+            transport=transport,
+            app=app,
+            trust_env=trust_env,
+        )
+        self._mounts: typing.Dict[URLPattern, typing.Optional[BaseTransport]] = {
+            URLPattern(key): None
+            if proxy is None
+            else self._init_proxy_transport(
+                proxy,
+                verify=verify,
+                cert=cert,
+                http1=http1,
+                http2=http2,
+                limits=limits,
+                trust_env=trust_env,
+            )
+            for key, proxy in proxy_map.items()
+        }
+        if mounts is not None:
+            self._mounts.update(
+                {URLPattern(key): transport for key, transport in mounts.items()}
+            )
+
+        self._mounts = dict(sorted(self._mounts.items()))
+
+    def _init_transport(
+        self,
+        verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+        cert: CertTypes = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        limits: Limits = DEFAULT_LIMITS,
+        transport: BaseTransport = None,
+        app: typing.Callable = None,
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+    ) -> BaseTransport:
+        if transport is not None:
+            return transport
+
+        if app is not None:
+            return WSGITransport(app=app)
+
+        return HTTPTransport(
+            verify=verify,
+            cert=cert,
+            http1=http1,
+            http2=http2,
+            limits=limits,
+            trust_env=trust_env,
+        )
+
+    def _init_proxy_transport(
+        self,
+        proxy: Proxy,
+        verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+        cert: CertTypes = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        limits: Limits = DEFAULT_LIMITS,
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+    ) -> BaseTransport:
+        return HTTPTransport(
+            verify=verify,
+            cert=cert,
+            http1=http1,
+            http2=http2,
+            limits=limits,
+            trust_env=trust_env,
+            proxy=proxy,
+        )
+
+    def _transport_for_url(self, url: URL) -> BaseTransport:
+        """
+        Returns the transport instance that should be used for a given URL.
+        This will either be the standard connection pool, or a proxy.
+        """
+        for pattern, transport in self._mounts.items():
+            if pattern.matches(url):
+                return self._transport if transport is None else transport
+
+        return self._transport
+
+    def request(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Build and send a request.
+
+        Equivalent to:
+
+        ```python
+        request = client.build_request(...)
+        response = client.send(request, ...)
+        ```
+
+        See `Client.build_request()`, `Client.send()` and
+        [Merging of configuration][0] for how the various parameters
+        are merged with client-level configuration.
+
+        [0]: /advanced/#merging-of-configuration
+        """
+        if cookies is not None:
+            message = (
+                "Setting per-request cookies=<...> is being deprecated, because "
+                "the expected behaviour on cookie persistence is ambiguous. Set "
+                "cookies directly on the client instance instead."
+            )
+            warnings.warn(message, DeprecationWarning)
+
+        request = self.build_request(
+            method=method,
+            url=url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+        )
+        return self.send(
+            request, auth=auth, allow_redirects=allow_redirects, timeout=timeout
+        )
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def stream(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> typing.Iterator[Response]:
+        """
+        Alternative to `httpx.request()` that streams the response body
+        instead of loading it into memory at once.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+
+        See also: [Streaming Responses][0]
+
+        [0]: /quickstart#streaming-responses
+        """
+        request = self.build_request(
+            method=method,
+            url=url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+        )
+        response = self.send(
+            request=request,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+            stream=True,
+        )
+        try:
+            yield response
+        finally:
+            response.close()
+
+    def send(
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        *,
+        stream: bool = False,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a request.
+
+        The request is sent as-is, unmodified.
+
+        Typically you'll want to build one with `Client.build_request()`
+        so that any client-level configuration is merged into the request,
+        but passing an explicit `httpx.Request()` is supported as well.
+
+        See also: [Request instances][0]
+
+        [0]: /advanced/#request-instances
+        """
+        if self._state == ClientState.CLOSED:
+            raise RuntimeError("Cannot send a request, as the client has been closed.")
+
+        self._state = ClientState.OPENED
+        timeout = (
+            self.timeout if isinstance(timeout, UseClientDefault) else Timeout(timeout)
+        )
+
+        auth = self._build_request_auth(request, auth)
+
+        response = self._send_handling_auth(
+            request,
+            auth=auth,
+            timeout=timeout,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            history=[],
+        )
+        try:
+            if not stream:
+                response.read()
+
+            for hook in self._event_hooks["response"]:
+                hook(response)
+
+            return response
+
+        except Exception as exc:
+            response.close()
+            raise exc
+
+    def _send_handling_auth(
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        auth: Auth,
+        timeout: Timeout,
+        allow_redirects: bool,
+        history: typing.List[Response],
+    ) -> Response:
+        auth_flow = auth.sync_auth_flow(request)
+        try:
+            request = next(auth_flow)
+
+            for hook in self._event_hooks["request"]:
+                hook(request)
+
+            while True:
+                response = self._send_handling_redirects(
+                    request,
+                    timeout=timeout,
+                    allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+                    history=history,
+                )
+                try:
+                    try:
+                        next_request = auth_flow.send(response)
+                    except StopIteration:
+                        return response
+
+                    response.history = list(history)
+                    response.read()
+                    request = next_request
+                    history.append(response)
+
+                except Exception as exc:
+                    response.close()
+                    raise exc
+        finally:
+            auth_flow.close()
+
+    def _send_handling_redirects(
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        timeout: Timeout,
+        allow_redirects: bool,
+        history: typing.List[Response],
+    ) -> Response:
+        while True:
+            if len(history) > self.max_redirects:
+                raise TooManyRedirects(
+                    "Exceeded maximum allowed redirects.", request=request
+                )
+
+            response = self._send_single_request(request, timeout)
+            try:
+                response.history = list(history)
+
+                if not response.is_redirect:
+                    return response
+
+                request = self._build_redirect_request(request, response)
+                history = history + [response]
+
+                if allow_redirects:
+                    response.read()
+                else:
+                    response.next_request = request
+                    return response
+
+            except Exception as exc:
+                response.close()
+                raise exc
+
+    def _send_single_request(self, request: Request, timeout: Timeout) -> Response:
+        """
+        Sends a single request, without handling any redirections.
+        """
+        transport = self._transport_for_url(request.url)
+        timer = Timer()
+        timer.sync_start()
+
+        if not isinstance(request.stream, SyncByteStream):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Attempted to send an async request with a sync Client instance."
+            )
+
+        with request_context(request=request):
+            (status_code, headers, stream, extensions) = transport.handle_request(
+                request.method.encode(),
+                request.url.raw,
+                headers=request.headers.raw,
+                stream=request.stream,
+                extensions={"timeout": timeout.as_dict()},
+            )
+
+        response = Response(
+            status_code,
+            headers=headers,
+            stream=stream,
+            extensions=extensions,
+            request=request,
+        )
+
+        response.stream = BoundSyncStream(stream, response=response, timer=timer)
+        self.cookies.extract_cookies(response)
+
+        status = f"{response.status_code} {response.reason_phrase}"
+        response_line = f"{response.http_version} {status}"
+        logger.debug(f'HTTP Request: {request.method} {request.url} "{response_line}"')
+
+        return response
+
+    def get(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `GET` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return self.request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    def options(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send an `OPTIONS` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return self.request(
+            "OPTIONS",
+            url,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    def head(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `HEAD` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return self.request(
+            "HEAD",
+            url,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    def post(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `POST` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return self.request(
+            "POST",
+            url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    def put(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `PUT` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return self.request(
+            "PUT",
+            url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    def patch(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `PATCH` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return self.request(
+            "PATCH",
+            url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    def delete(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `DELETE` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return self.request(
+            "DELETE",
+            url,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close transport and proxies.
+        """
+        if self._state != ClientState.CLOSED:
+            self._state = ClientState.CLOSED
+
+            self._transport.close()
+            for transport in self._mounts.values():
+                if transport is not None:
+                    transport.close()
+
+    def __enter__(self: T) -> T:
+        self._state = ClientState.OPENED
+
+        self._transport.__enter__()
+        for transport in self._mounts.values():
+            if transport is not None:
+                transport.__enter__()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: typing.Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._state = ClientState.CLOSED
+
+        self._transport.__exit__(exc_type, exc_value, traceback)
+        for transport in self._mounts.values():
+            if transport is not None:
+                transport.__exit__(exc_type, exc_value, traceback)
+
+    def __del__(self) -> None:
+        # We use 'getattr' here, to manage the case where '__del__()' is called
+        # on a partically initiallized instance that raised an exception during
+        # the call to '__init__()'.
+        if getattr(self, "_state", None) == ClientState.OPENED:  # noqa: B009
+            self.close()
+
+
+class AsyncClient(BaseClient):
+    """
+    An asynchronous HTTP client, with connection pooling, HTTP/2, redirects,
+    cookie persistence, etc.
+
+    Usage:
+
+    ```python
+    >>> async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
+    >>>     response = await client.get('https://example.org')
+    ```
+
+    **Parameters:**
+
+    * **auth** - *(optional)* An authentication class to use when sending
+    requests.
+    * **params** - *(optional)* Query parameters to include in request URLs, as
+    a string, dictionary, or sequence of two-tuples.
+    * **headers** - *(optional)* Dictionary of HTTP headers to include when
+    sending requests.
+    * **cookies** - *(optional)* Dictionary of Cookie items to include when
+    sending requests.
+    * **verify** - *(optional)* SSL certificates (a.k.a CA bundle) used to
+    verify the identity of requested hosts. Either `True` (default CA bundle),
+    a path to an SSL certificate file, or `False` (disable verification).
+    * **cert** - *(optional)* An SSL certificate used by the requested host
+    to authenticate the client. Either a path to an SSL certificate file, or
+    two-tuple of (certificate file, key file), or a three-tuple of (certificate
+    file, key file, password).
+    * **http2** - *(optional)* A boolean indicating if HTTP/2 support should be
+    enabled. Defaults to `False`.
+    * **proxies** - *(optional)* A dictionary mapping HTTP protocols to proxy
+    URLs.
+    * **timeout** - *(optional)* The timeout configuration to use when sending
+    requests.
+    * **limits** - *(optional)* The limits configuration to use.
+    * **max_redirects** - *(optional)* The maximum number of redirect responses
+    that should be followed.
+    * **base_url** - *(optional)* A URL to use as the base when building
+    request URLs.
+    * **transport** - *(optional)* A transport class to use for sending requests
+    over the network.
+    * **app** - *(optional)* An ASGI application to send requests to,
+    rather than sending actual network requests.
+    * **trust_env** - *(optional)* Enables or disables usage of environment
+    variables for configuration.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        auth: AuthTypes = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+        cert: CertTypes = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        proxies: ProxiesTypes = None,
+        mounts: typing.Mapping[str, AsyncBaseTransport] = None,
+        timeout: TimeoutTypes = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG,
+        limits: Limits = DEFAULT_LIMITS,
+        max_redirects: int = DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS,
+        event_hooks: typing.Mapping[str, typing.List[typing.Callable]] = None,
+        base_url: URLTypes = "",
+        transport: AsyncBaseTransport = None,
+        app: typing.Callable = None,
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            auth=auth,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            timeout=timeout,
+            max_redirects=max_redirects,
+            event_hooks=event_hooks,
+            base_url=base_url,
+            trust_env=trust_env,
+        )
+
+        if http2:
+            try:
+                import h2  # noqa
+            except ImportError:  # pragma: nocover
+                raise ImportError(
+                    "Using http2=True, but the 'h2' package is not installed. "
+                    "Make sure to install httpx using `pip install httpx[http2]`."
+                ) from None
+
+        allow_env_proxies = trust_env and app is None and transport is None
+        proxy_map = self._get_proxy_map(proxies, allow_env_proxies)
+
+        self._transport = self._init_transport(
+            verify=verify,
+            cert=cert,
+            http1=http1,
+            http2=http2,
+            limits=limits,
+            transport=transport,
+            app=app,
+            trust_env=trust_env,
+        )
+
+        self._mounts: typing.Dict[URLPattern, typing.Optional[AsyncBaseTransport]] = {
+            URLPattern(key): None
+            if proxy is None
+            else self._init_proxy_transport(
+                proxy,
+                verify=verify,
+                cert=cert,
+                http1=http1,
+                http2=http2,
+                limits=limits,
+                trust_env=trust_env,
+            )
+            for key, proxy in proxy_map.items()
+        }
+        if mounts is not None:
+            self._mounts.update(
+                {URLPattern(key): transport for key, transport in mounts.items()}
+            )
+        self._mounts = dict(sorted(self._mounts.items()))
+
+    def _init_transport(
+        self,
+        verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+        cert: CertTypes = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        limits: Limits = DEFAULT_LIMITS,
+        transport: AsyncBaseTransport = None,
+        app: typing.Callable = None,
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+    ) -> AsyncBaseTransport:
+        if transport is not None:
+            return transport
+
+        if app is not None:
+            return ASGITransport(app=app)
+
+        return AsyncHTTPTransport(
+            verify=verify,
+            cert=cert,
+            http1=http1,
+            http2=http2,
+            limits=limits,
+            trust_env=trust_env,
+        )
+
+    def _init_proxy_transport(
+        self,
+        proxy: Proxy,
+        verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+        cert: CertTypes = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        limits: Limits = DEFAULT_LIMITS,
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+    ) -> AsyncBaseTransport:
+        return AsyncHTTPTransport(
+            verify=verify,
+            cert=cert,
+            http2=http2,
+            limits=limits,
+            trust_env=trust_env,
+            proxy=proxy,
+        )
+
+    def _transport_for_url(self, url: URL) -> AsyncBaseTransport:
+        """
+        Returns the transport instance that should be used for a given URL.
+        This will either be the standard connection pool, or a proxy.
+        """
+        for pattern, transport in self._mounts.items():
+            if pattern.matches(url):
+                return self._transport if transport is None else transport
+
+        return self._transport
+
+    async def request(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Build and send a request.
+
+        Equivalent to:
+
+        ```python
+        request = client.build_request(...)
+        response = await client.send(request, ...)
+        ```
+
+        See `AsyncClient.build_request()`, `AsyncClient.send()`
+        and [Merging of configuration][0] for how the various parameters
+        are merged with client-level configuration.
+
+        [0]: /advanced/#merging-of-configuration
+        """
+        request = self.build_request(
+            method=method,
+            url=url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+        )
+        response = await self.send(
+            request, auth=auth, allow_redirects=allow_redirects, timeout=timeout
+        )
+        return response
+
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def stream(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> typing.AsyncIterator[Response]:
+        """
+        Alternative to `httpx.request()` that streams the response body
+        instead of loading it into memory at once.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+
+        See also: [Streaming Responses][0]
+
+        [0]: /quickstart#streaming-responses
+        """
+        request = self.build_request(
+            method=method,
+            url=url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+        )
+        response = await self.send(
+            request=request,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+            stream=True,
+        )
+        try:
+            yield response
+        finally:
+            await response.aclose()
+
+    async def send(
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        *,
+        stream: bool = False,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a request.
+
+        The request is sent as-is, unmodified.
+
+        Typically you'll want to build one with `AsyncClient.build_request()`
+        so that any client-level configuration is merged into the request,
+        but passing an explicit `httpx.Request()` is supported as well.
+
+        See also: [Request instances][0]
+
+        [0]: /advanced/#request-instances
+        """
+        if self._state == ClientState.CLOSED:
+            raise RuntimeError("Cannot send a request, as the client has been closed.")
+
+        self._state = ClientState.OPENED
+        timeout = (
+            self.timeout if isinstance(timeout, UseClientDefault) else Timeout(timeout)
+        )
+
+        auth = self._build_request_auth(request, auth)
+
+        response = await self._send_handling_auth(
+            request,
+            auth=auth,
+            timeout=timeout,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            history=[],
+        )
+        try:
+            if not stream:
+                await response.aread()
+
+            for hook in self._event_hooks["response"]:
+                await hook(response)
+
+            return response
+
+        except Exception as exc:
+            await response.aclose()
+            raise exc
+
+    async def _send_handling_auth(
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        auth: Auth,
+        timeout: Timeout,
+        allow_redirects: bool,
+        history: typing.List[Response],
+    ) -> Response:
+        auth_flow = auth.async_auth_flow(request)
+        try:
+            request = await auth_flow.__anext__()
+
+            for hook in self._event_hooks["request"]:
+                await hook(request)
+
+            while True:
+                response = await self._send_handling_redirects(
+                    request,
+                    timeout=timeout,
+                    allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+                    history=history,
+                )
+                try:
+                    try:
+                        next_request = await auth_flow.asend(response)
+                    except StopAsyncIteration:
+                        return response
+
+                    response.history = list(history)
+                    await response.aread()
+                    request = next_request
+                    history.append(response)
+
+                except Exception as exc:
+                    await response.aclose()
+                    raise exc
+        finally:
+            await auth_flow.aclose()
+
+    async def _send_handling_redirects(
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        timeout: Timeout,
+        allow_redirects: bool,
+        history: typing.List[Response],
+    ) -> Response:
+        while True:
+            if len(history) > self.max_redirects:
+                raise TooManyRedirects(
+                    "Exceeded maximum allowed redirects.", request=request
+                )
+
+            response = await self._send_single_request(request, timeout)
+            try:
+                response.history = list(history)
+
+                if not response.is_redirect:
+                    return response
+
+                request = self._build_redirect_request(request, response)
+                history = history + [response]
+
+                if allow_redirects:
+                    await response.aread()
+                else:
+                    response.next_request = request
+                    return response
+
+            except Exception as exc:
+                await response.aclose()
+                raise exc
+
+    async def _send_single_request(
+        self, request: Request, timeout: Timeout
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Sends a single request, without handling any redirections.
+        """
+        transport = self._transport_for_url(request.url)
+        timer = Timer()
+        await timer.async_start()
+
+        if not isinstance(request.stream, AsyncByteStream):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Attempted to send an sync request with an AsyncClient instance."
+            )
+
+        with request_context(request=request):
+            (
+                status_code,
+                headers,
+                stream,
+                extensions,
+            ) = await transport.handle_async_request(
+                request.method.encode(),
+                request.url.raw,
+                headers=request.headers.raw,
+                stream=request.stream,
+                extensions={"timeout": timeout.as_dict()},
+            )
+
+        response = Response(
+            status_code,
+            headers=headers,
+            stream=stream,
+            extensions=extensions,
+            request=request,
+        )
+
+        response.stream = BoundAsyncStream(stream, response=response, timer=timer)
+        self.cookies.extract_cookies(response)
+
+        status = f"{response.status_code} {response.reason_phrase}"
+        response_line = f"{response.http_version} {status}"
+        logger.debug(f'HTTP Request: {request.method} {request.url} "{response_line}"')
+
+        return response
+
+    async def get(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `GET` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return await self.request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    async def options(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send an `OPTIONS` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return await self.request(
+            "OPTIONS",
+            url,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    async def head(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `HEAD` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return await self.request(
+            "HEAD",
+            url,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    async def post(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `POST` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return await self.request(
+            "POST",
+            url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    async def put(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `PUT` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return await self.request(
+            "PUT",
+            url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    async def patch(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `PATCH` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return await self.request(
+            "PATCH",
+            url,
+            content=content,
+            data=data,
+            files=files,
+            json=json,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    async def delete(
+        self,
+        url: URLTypes,
+        *,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        auth: typing.Union[AuthTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+        allow_redirects: bool = True,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UseClientDefault] = USE_CLIENT_DEFAULT,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Send a `DELETE` request.
+
+        **Parameters**: See `httpx.request`.
+        """
+        return await self.request(
+            "DELETE",
+            url,
+            params=params,
+            headers=headers,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            auth=auth,
+            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close transport and proxies.
+        """
+        if self._state != ClientState.CLOSED:
+            self._state = ClientState.CLOSED
+
+            await self._transport.aclose()
+            for proxy in self._mounts.values():
+                if proxy is not None:
+                    await proxy.aclose()
+
+    async def __aenter__(self: U) -> U:
+        self._state = ClientState.OPENED
+
+        await self._transport.__aenter__()
+        for proxy in self._mounts.values():
+            if proxy is not None:
+                await proxy.__aenter__()
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: typing.Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._state = ClientState.CLOSED
+
+        await self._transport.__aexit__(exc_type, exc_value, traceback)
+        for proxy in self._mounts.values():
+            if proxy is not None:
+                await proxy.__aexit__(exc_type, exc_value, traceback)
+
+    def __del__(self) -> None:
+        # We use 'getattr' here, to manage the case where '__del__()' is called
+        # on a partically initiallized instance that raised an exception during
+        # the call to '__init__()'.
+        if getattr(self, "_state", None) == ClientState.OPENED:  # noqa: B009
+            # Unlike the sync case, we cannot silently close the client when
+            # it is garbage collected, because `.aclose()` is an async operation,
+            # but `__del__` is not.
+            #
+            # For this reason we require explicit close management for
+            # `AsyncClient`, and issue a warning on unclosed clients.
+            #
+            # The context managed style is usually preferable, because it neatly
+            # ensures proper resource cleanup:
+            #
+            #     async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
+            #         ...
+            #
+            # However, an explicit call to `aclose()` is also sufficient:
+            #
+            #    client = httpx.AsyncClient()
+            #    try:
+            #        ...
+            #    finally:
+            #        await client.aclose()
+            warnings.warn(
+                f"Unclosed {self!r}. "
+                "See https://www.python-httpx.org/async/#opening-and-closing-clients "
+                "for details."
+            )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98a3e37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+The _compat module is used for code which requires branching between different
+Python environments. It is excluded from the code coverage checks.
+"""
+import ssl
+import sys
+
+# `contextlib.asynccontextmanager` exists from Python 3.7 onwards.
+# For 3.6 we require the `async_generator` package for a backported version.
+try:
+    from contextlib import asynccontextmanager  # type: ignore
+except ImportError:
+    from async_generator import asynccontextmanager  # type: ignore # noqa
+
+
+def set_minimum_tls_version_1_2(context: ssl.SSLContext) -> None:
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+        context.minimum_version = ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_2
+    else:
+        # These become deprecated in favor of 'context.minimum_version'
+        # from Python 3.10 onwards.
+        context.options |= ssl.OP_NO_SSLv2
+        context.options |= ssl.OP_NO_SSLv3
+        context.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1
+        context.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1_1
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_config.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d29f9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+import os
+import ssl
+import typing
+from base64 import b64encode
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import certifi
+
+from ._compat import set_minimum_tls_version_1_2
+from ._models import URL, Headers
+from ._types import CertTypes, HeaderTypes, TimeoutTypes, URLTypes, VerifyTypes
+from ._utils import get_ca_bundle_from_env, get_logger
+
+DEFAULT_CIPHERS = ":".join(
+    [
+        "ECDHE+AESGCM",
+        "ECDHE+CHACHA20",
+        "DHE+AESGCM",
+        "DHE+CHACHA20",
+        "ECDH+AESGCM",
+        "DH+AESGCM",
+        "ECDH+AES",
+        "DH+AES",
+        "RSA+AESGCM",
+        "RSA+AES",
+        "!aNULL",
+        "!eNULL",
+        "!MD5",
+        "!DSS",
+    ]
+)
+
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+class UnsetType:
+    pass  # pragma: nocover
+
+
+UNSET = UnsetType()
+
+
+def create_ssl_context(
+    cert: CertTypes = None,
+    verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+    trust_env: bool = True,
+    http2: bool = False,
+) -> ssl.SSLContext:
+    return SSLConfig(
+        cert=cert, verify=verify, trust_env=trust_env, http2=http2
+    ).ssl_context
+
+
+class SSLConfig:
+    """
+    SSL Configuration.
+    """
+
+    DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH = Path(certifi.where())
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        cert: CertTypes = None,
+        verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+    ):
+        self.cert = cert
+        self.verify = verify
+        self.trust_env = trust_env
+        self.http2 = http2
+        self.ssl_context = self.load_ssl_context()
+
+    def load_ssl_context(self) -> ssl.SSLContext:
+        logger.trace(
+            f"load_ssl_context "
+            f"verify={self.verify!r} "
+            f"cert={self.cert!r} "
+            f"trust_env={self.trust_env!r} "
+            f"http2={self.http2!r}"
+        )
+
+        if self.verify:
+            return self.load_ssl_context_verify()
+        return self.load_ssl_context_no_verify()
+
+    def load_ssl_context_no_verify(self) -> ssl.SSLContext:
+        """
+        Return an SSL context for unverified connections.
+        """
+        context = self._create_default_ssl_context()
+        context.check_hostname = False
+        context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
+        self._load_client_certs(context)
+        return context
+
+    def load_ssl_context_verify(self) -> ssl.SSLContext:
+        """
+        Return an SSL context for verified connections.
+        """
+        if self.trust_env and self.verify is True:
+            ca_bundle = get_ca_bundle_from_env()
+            if ca_bundle is not None:
+                self.verify = ca_bundle
+
+        if isinstance(self.verify, ssl.SSLContext):
+            # Allow passing in our own SSLContext object that's pre-configured.
+            context = self.verify
+            self._load_client_certs(context)
+            return context
+        elif isinstance(self.verify, bool):
+            ca_bundle_path = self.DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH
+        elif Path(self.verify).exists():
+            ca_bundle_path = Path(self.verify)
+        else:
+            raise IOError(
+                "Could not find a suitable TLS CA certificate bundle, "
+                "invalid path: {}".format(self.verify)
+            )
+
+        context = self._create_default_ssl_context()
+        context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+        context.check_hostname = True
+
+        # Signal to server support for PHA in TLS 1.3. Raises an
+        # AttributeError if only read-only access is implemented.
+        try:
+            context.post_handshake_auth = True  # type: ignore
+        except AttributeError:  # pragma: nocover
+            pass
+
+        # Disable using 'commonName' for SSLContext.check_hostname
+        # when the 'subjectAltName' extension isn't available.
+        try:
+            context.hostname_checks_common_name = False  # type: ignore
+        except AttributeError:  # pragma: nocover
+            pass
+
+        if ca_bundle_path.is_file():
+            logger.trace(f"load_verify_locations cafile={ca_bundle_path!s}")
+            context.load_verify_locations(cafile=str(ca_bundle_path))
+        elif ca_bundle_path.is_dir():
+            logger.trace(f"load_verify_locations capath={ca_bundle_path!s}")
+            context.load_verify_locations(capath=str(ca_bundle_path))
+
+        self._load_client_certs(context)
+
+        return context
+
+    def _create_default_ssl_context(self) -> ssl.SSLContext:
+        """
+        Creates the default SSLContext object that's used for both verified
+        and unverified connections.
+        """
+        context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT)
+        set_minimum_tls_version_1_2(context)
+        context.options |= ssl.OP_NO_COMPRESSION
+        context.set_ciphers(DEFAULT_CIPHERS)
+
+        if ssl.HAS_ALPN:
+            alpn_idents = ["http/1.1", "h2"] if self.http2 else ["http/1.1"]
+            context.set_alpn_protocols(alpn_idents)
+
+        if hasattr(context, "keylog_filename"):  # pragma: nocover (Available in 3.8+)
+            keylogfile = os.environ.get("SSLKEYLOGFILE")
+            if keylogfile and self.trust_env:
+                context.keylog_filename = keylogfile  # type: ignore
+
+        return context
+
+    def _load_client_certs(self, ssl_context: ssl.SSLContext) -> None:
+        """
+        Loads client certificates into our SSLContext object
+        """
+        if self.cert is not None:
+            if isinstance(self.cert, str):
+                ssl_context.load_cert_chain(certfile=self.cert)
+            elif isinstance(self.cert, tuple) and len(self.cert) == 2:
+                ssl_context.load_cert_chain(certfile=self.cert[0], keyfile=self.cert[1])
+            elif isinstance(self.cert, tuple) and len(self.cert) == 3:
+                ssl_context.load_cert_chain(
+                    certfile=self.cert[0],
+                    keyfile=self.cert[1],
+                    password=self.cert[2],  # type: ignore
+                )
+
+
+class Timeout:
+    """
+    Timeout configuration.
+
+    **Usage**:
+
+    Timeout(None)               # No timeouts.
+    Timeout(5.0)                # 5s timeout on all operations.
+    Timeout(None, connect=5.0)  # 5s timeout on connect, no other timeouts.
+    Timeout(5.0, connect=10.0)  # 10s timeout on connect. 5s timeout elsewhere.
+    Timeout(5.0, pool=None)     # No timeout on acquiring connection from pool.
+                                # 5s timeout elsewhere.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        timeout: typing.Union[TimeoutTypes, UnsetType] = UNSET,
+        *,
+        connect: typing.Union[None, float, UnsetType] = UNSET,
+        read: typing.Union[None, float, UnsetType] = UNSET,
+        write: typing.Union[None, float, UnsetType] = UNSET,
+        pool: typing.Union[None, float, UnsetType] = UNSET,
+    ):
+        if isinstance(timeout, Timeout):
+            # Passed as a single explicit Timeout.
+            assert connect is UNSET
+            assert read is UNSET
+            assert write is UNSET
+            assert pool is UNSET
+            self.connect = timeout.connect  # type: typing.Optional[float]
+            self.read = timeout.read  # type: typing.Optional[float]
+            self.write = timeout.write  # type: typing.Optional[float]
+            self.pool = timeout.pool  # type: typing.Optional[float]
+        elif isinstance(timeout, tuple):
+            # Passed as a tuple.
+            self.connect = timeout[0]
+            self.read = timeout[1]
+            self.write = None if len(timeout) < 3 else timeout[2]
+            self.pool = None if len(timeout) < 4 else timeout[3]
+        elif not (
+            isinstance(connect, UnsetType)
+            or isinstance(read, UnsetType)
+            or isinstance(write, UnsetType)
+            or isinstance(pool, UnsetType)
+        ):
+            self.connect = connect
+            self.read = read
+            self.write = write
+            self.pool = pool
+        else:
+            if isinstance(timeout, UnsetType):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "httpx.Timeout must either include a default, or set all "
+                    "four parameters explicitly."
+                )
+            self.connect = timeout if isinstance(connect, UnsetType) else connect
+            self.read = timeout if isinstance(read, UnsetType) else read
+            self.write = timeout if isinstance(write, UnsetType) else write
+            self.pool = timeout if isinstance(pool, UnsetType) else pool
+
+    def as_dict(self) -> typing.Dict[str, typing.Optional[float]]:
+        return {
+            "connect": self.connect,
+            "read": self.read,
+            "write": self.write,
+            "pool": self.pool,
+        }
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: typing.Any) -> bool:
+        return (
+            isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+            and self.connect == other.connect
+            and self.read == other.read
+            and self.write == other.write
+            and self.pool == other.pool
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
+        if len({self.connect, self.read, self.write, self.pool}) == 1:
+            return f"{class_name}(timeout={self.connect})"
+        return (
+            f"{class_name}(connect={self.connect}, "
+            f"read={self.read}, write={self.write}, pool={self.pool})"
+        )
+
+
+class Limits:
+    """
+    Configuration for limits to various client behaviors.
+
+    **Parameters:**
+
+    * **max_connections** - The maximum number of concurrent connections that may be
+            established.
+    * **max_keepalive_connections** - Allow the connection pool to maintain
+            keep-alive connections below this point. Should be less than or equal
+            to `max_connections`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        max_connections: int = None,
+        max_keepalive_connections: int = None,
+        keepalive_expiry: typing.Optional[float] = 5.0,
+    ):
+        self.max_connections = max_connections
+        self.max_keepalive_connections = max_keepalive_connections
+        self.keepalive_expiry = keepalive_expiry
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: typing.Any) -> bool:
+        return (
+            isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+            and self.max_connections == other.max_connections
+            and self.max_keepalive_connections == other.max_keepalive_connections
+            and self.keepalive_expiry == other.keepalive_expiry
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
+        return (
+            f"{class_name}(max_connections={self.max_connections}, "
+            f"max_keepalive_connections={self.max_keepalive_connections}, "
+            f"keepalive_expiry={self.keepalive_expiry})"
+        )
+
+
+class Proxy:
+    def __init__(
+        self, url: URLTypes, *, headers: HeaderTypes = None, mode: str = "DEFAULT"
+    ):
+        url = URL(url)
+        headers = Headers(headers)
+
+        if url.scheme not in ("http", "https"):
+            raise ValueError(f"Unknown scheme for proxy URL {url!r}")
+        if mode not in ("DEFAULT", "FORWARD_ONLY", "TUNNEL_ONLY"):
+            raise ValueError(f"Unknown proxy mode {mode!r}")
+
+        if url.username or url.password:
+            headers.setdefault(
+                "Proxy-Authorization",
+                self._build_auth_header(url.username, url.password),
+            )
+            # Remove userinfo from the URL authority, e.g.:
+            # 'username:password@proxy_host:proxy_port' -> 'proxy_host:proxy_port'
+            url = url.copy_with(username=None, password=None)
+
+        self.url = url
+        self.headers = headers
+        self.mode = mode
+
+    def _build_auth_header(self, username: str, password: str) -> str:
+        userpass = (username.encode("utf-8"), password.encode("utf-8"))
+        token = b64encode(b":".join(userpass)).decode()
+        return f"Basic {token}"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"Proxy(url={str(self.url)!r}, "
+            f"headers={dict(self.headers)!r}, "
+            f"mode={self.mode!r})"
+        )
+
+
+DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_CONFIG = Timeout(timeout=5.0)
+DEFAULT_LIMITS = Limits(max_connections=100, max_keepalive_connections=20)
+DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS = 20
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_content.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_content.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86f3c7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_content.py
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+import inspect
+import warnings
+from json import dumps as json_dumps
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    AsyncIterable,
+    AsyncIterator,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+from urllib.parse import urlencode
+
+from ._exceptions import StreamClosed, StreamConsumed
+from ._multipart import MultipartStream
+from ._transports.base import AsyncByteStream, SyncByteStream
+from ._types import RequestContent, RequestData, RequestFiles, ResponseContent
+from ._utils import peek_filelike_length, primitive_value_to_str
+
+
+class ByteStream(AsyncByteStream, SyncByteStream):
+    def __init__(self, stream: bytes) -> None:
+        self._stream = stream
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+        yield self._stream
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        yield self._stream
+
+
+class IteratorByteStream(SyncByteStream):
+    def __init__(self, stream: Iterable[bytes]):
+        self._stream = stream
+        self._is_stream_consumed = False
+        self._is_generator = inspect.isgenerator(stream)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+        if self._is_stream_consumed and self._is_generator:
+            raise StreamConsumed()
+
+        self._is_stream_consumed = True
+        for part in self._stream:
+            yield part
+
+
+class AsyncIteratorByteStream(AsyncByteStream):
+    def __init__(self, stream: AsyncIterable[bytes]):
+        self._stream = stream
+        self._is_stream_consumed = False
+        self._is_generator = inspect.isasyncgen(stream)
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        if self._is_stream_consumed and self._is_generator:
+            raise StreamConsumed()
+
+        self._is_stream_consumed = True
+        async for part in self._stream:
+            yield part
+
+
+class UnattachedStream(AsyncByteStream, SyncByteStream):
+    """
+    If a request or response is serialized using pickle, then it is no longer
+    attached to a stream for I/O purposes. Any stream operations should result
+    in `httpx.StreamClosed`.
+    """
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+        raise StreamClosed()
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        raise StreamClosed()
+        yield b""  # pragma: nocover
+
+
+def encode_content(
+    content: Union[str, bytes, Iterable[bytes], AsyncIterable[bytes]]
+) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], Union[SyncByteStream, AsyncByteStream]]:
+
+    if isinstance(content, (bytes, str)):
+        body = content.encode("utf-8") if isinstance(content, str) else content
+        content_length = len(body)
+        headers = {"Content-Length": str(content_length)} if body else {}
+        return headers, ByteStream(body)
+
+    elif isinstance(content, Iterable):
+        content_length_or_none = peek_filelike_length(content)
+
+        if content_length_or_none is None:
+            headers = {"Transfer-Encoding": "chunked"}
+        else:
+            headers = {"Content-Length": str(content_length_or_none)}
+        return headers, IteratorByteStream(content)  # type: ignore
+
+    elif isinstance(content, AsyncIterable):
+        headers = {"Transfer-Encoding": "chunked"}
+        return headers, AsyncIteratorByteStream(content)
+
+    raise TypeError(f"Unexpected type for 'content', {type(content)!r}")
+
+
+def encode_urlencoded_data(
+    data: dict,
+) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], ByteStream]:
+    plain_data = []
+    for key, value in data.items():
+        if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+            plain_data.extend([(key, primitive_value_to_str(item)) for item in value])
+        else:
+            plain_data.append((key, primitive_value_to_str(value)))
+    body = urlencode(plain_data, doseq=True).encode("utf-8")
+    content_length = str(len(body))
+    content_type = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
+    headers = {"Content-Length": content_length, "Content-Type": content_type}
+    return headers, ByteStream(body)
+
+
+def encode_multipart_data(
+    data: dict, files: RequestFiles, boundary: bytes = None
+) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], MultipartStream]:
+    multipart = MultipartStream(data=data, files=files, boundary=boundary)
+    headers = multipart.get_headers()
+    return headers, multipart
+
+
+def encode_text(text: str) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], ByteStream]:
+    body = text.encode("utf-8")
+    content_length = str(len(body))
+    content_type = "text/plain; charset=utf-8"
+    headers = {"Content-Length": content_length, "Content-Type": content_type}
+    return headers, ByteStream(body)
+
+
+def encode_html(html: str) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], ByteStream]:
+    body = html.encode("utf-8")
+    content_length = str(len(body))
+    content_type = "text/html; charset=utf-8"
+    headers = {"Content-Length": content_length, "Content-Type": content_type}
+    return headers, ByteStream(body)
+
+
+def encode_json(json: Any) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], ByteStream]:
+    body = json_dumps(json).encode("utf-8")
+    content_length = str(len(body))
+    content_type = "application/json"
+    headers = {"Content-Length": content_length, "Content-Type": content_type}
+    return headers, ByteStream(body)
+
+
+def encode_request(
+    content: RequestContent = None,
+    data: RequestData = None,
+    files: RequestFiles = None,
+    json: Any = None,
+    boundary: bytes = None,
+) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], Union[SyncByteStream, AsyncByteStream]]:
+    """
+    Handles encoding the given `content`, `data`, `files`, and `json`,
+    returning a two-tuple of (<headers>, <stream>).
+    """
+    if data is not None and not isinstance(data, dict):
+        # We prefer to seperate `content=<bytes|str|byte iterator|bytes aiterator>`
+        # for raw request content, and `data=<form data>` for url encoded or
+        # multipart form content.
+        #
+        # However for compat with requests, we *do* still support
+        # `data=<bytes...>` usages. We deal with that case here, treating it
+        # as if `content=<...>` had been supplied instead.
+        message = "Use 'content=<...>' to upload raw bytes/text content."
+        warnings.warn(message, DeprecationWarning)
+        return encode_content(data)
+
+    if content is not None:
+        return encode_content(content)
+    elif files:
+        return encode_multipart_data(data or {}, files, boundary)
+    elif data:
+        return encode_urlencoded_data(data)
+    elif json is not None:
+        return encode_json(json)
+
+    return {}, ByteStream(b"")
+
+
+def encode_response(
+    content: ResponseContent = None,
+    text: str = None,
+    html: str = None,
+    json: Any = None,
+) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], Union[SyncByteStream, AsyncByteStream]]:
+    """
+    Handles encoding the given `content`, returning a two-tuple of
+    (<headers>, <stream>).
+    """
+    if content is not None:
+        return encode_content(content)
+    elif text is not None:
+        return encode_text(text)
+    elif html is not None:
+        return encode_html(html)
+    elif json is not None:
+        return encode_json(json)
+
+    return {}, ByteStream(b"")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_decoders.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_decoders.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2230b77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_decoders.py
@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+"""
+Handlers for Content-Encoding.
+
+See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Encoding
+"""
+import codecs
+import io
+import typing
+import zlib
+
+from ._exceptions import DecodingError
+
+try:
+    import brotlicffi
+except ImportError:  # pragma: nocover
+    brotlicffi = None
+
+
+class ContentDecoder:
+    def decode(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def flush(self) -> bytes:
+        raise NotImplementedError()  # pragma: nocover
+
+
+class IdentityDecoder(ContentDecoder):
+    """
+    Handle unencoded data.
+    """
+
+    def decode(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return data
+
+    def flush(self) -> bytes:
+        return b""
+
+
+class DeflateDecoder(ContentDecoder):
+    """
+    Handle 'deflate' decoding.
+
+    See: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1838699
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.first_attempt = True
+        self.decompressor = zlib.decompressobj()
+
+    def decode(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        was_first_attempt = self.first_attempt
+        self.first_attempt = False
+        try:
+            return self.decompressor.decompress(data)
+        except zlib.error as exc:
+            if was_first_attempt:
+                self.decompressor = zlib.decompressobj(-zlib.MAX_WBITS)
+                return self.decode(data)
+            raise DecodingError(str(exc)) from exc
+
+    def flush(self) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            return self.decompressor.flush()
+        except zlib.error as exc:  # pragma: nocover
+            raise DecodingError(str(exc)) from exc
+
+
+class GZipDecoder(ContentDecoder):
+    """
+    Handle 'gzip' decoding.
+
+    See: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1838699
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.decompressor = zlib.decompressobj(zlib.MAX_WBITS | 16)
+
+    def decode(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            return self.decompressor.decompress(data)
+        except zlib.error as exc:
+            raise DecodingError(str(exc)) from exc
+
+    def flush(self) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            return self.decompressor.flush()
+        except zlib.error as exc:  # pragma: nocover
+            raise DecodingError(str(exc)) from exc
+
+
+class BrotliDecoder(ContentDecoder):
+    """
+    Handle 'brotli' decoding.
+
+    Requires `pip install brotlipy`. See: https://brotlipy.readthedocs.io/
+        or   `pip install brotli`. See https://github.com/google/brotli
+    Supports both 'brotlipy' and 'Brotli' packages since they share an import
+    name. The top branches are for 'brotlipy' and bottom branches for 'Brotli'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        if brotlicffi is None:  # pragma: nocover
+            raise ImportError(
+                "Using 'BrotliDecoder', but the 'brotlicffi' library "
+                "is not installed."
+                "Make sure to install httpx using `pip install httpx[brotli]`."
+            ) from None
+
+        self.decompressor = brotlicffi.Decompressor()
+        self.seen_data = False
+        if hasattr(self.decompressor, "decompress"):
+            self._decompress = self.decompressor.decompress
+        else:
+            self._decompress = self.decompressor.process  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def decode(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        if not data:
+            return b""
+        self.seen_data = True
+        try:
+            return self.decompressor.decompress(data)
+        except brotlicffi.Error as exc:
+            raise DecodingError(str(exc)) from exc
+
+    def flush(self) -> bytes:
+        if not self.seen_data:
+            return b""
+        try:
+            if hasattr(self.decompressor, "finish"):
+                self.decompressor.finish()
+            return b""
+        except brotlicffi.Error as exc:  # pragma: nocover
+            raise DecodingError(str(exc)) from exc
+
+
+class MultiDecoder(ContentDecoder):
+    """
+    Handle the case where multiple encodings have been applied.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, children: typing.Sequence[ContentDecoder]) -> None:
+        """
+        'children' should be a sequence of decoders in the order in which
+        each was applied.
+        """
+        # Note that we reverse the order for decoding.
+        self.children = list(reversed(children))
+
+    def decode(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        for child in self.children:
+            data = child.decode(data)
+        return data
+
+    def flush(self) -> bytes:
+        data = b""
+        for child in self.children:
+            data = child.decode(data) + child.flush()
+        return data
+
+
+class ByteChunker:
+    """
+    Handles returning byte content in fixed-size chunks.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, chunk_size: int = None) -> None:
+        self._buffer = io.BytesIO()
+        self._chunk_size = chunk_size
+
+    def decode(self, content: bytes) -> typing.List[bytes]:
+        if self._chunk_size is None:
+            return [content]
+
+        self._buffer.write(content)
+        if self._buffer.tell() >= self._chunk_size:
+            value = self._buffer.getvalue()
+            chunks = [
+                value[i : i + self._chunk_size]
+                for i in range(0, len(value), self._chunk_size)
+            ]
+            if len(chunks[-1]) == self._chunk_size:
+                self._buffer.seek(0)
+                self._buffer.truncate()
+                return chunks
+            else:
+                self._buffer.seek(0)
+                self._buffer.write(chunks[-1])
+                self._buffer.truncate()
+                return chunks[:-1]
+        else:
+            return []
+
+    def flush(self) -> typing.List[bytes]:
+        value = self._buffer.getvalue()
+        self._buffer.seek(0)
+        self._buffer.truncate()
+        return [value] if value else []
+
+
+class TextChunker:
+    """
+    Handles returning text content in fixed-size chunks.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, chunk_size: int = None) -> None:
+        self._buffer = io.StringIO()
+        self._chunk_size = chunk_size
+
+    def decode(self, content: str) -> typing.List[str]:
+        if self._chunk_size is None:
+            return [content]
+
+        self._buffer.write(content)
+        if self._buffer.tell() >= self._chunk_size:
+            value = self._buffer.getvalue()
+            chunks = [
+                value[i : i + self._chunk_size]
+                for i in range(0, len(value), self._chunk_size)
+            ]
+            if len(chunks[-1]) == self._chunk_size:
+                self._buffer.seek(0)
+                self._buffer.truncate()
+                return chunks
+            else:
+                self._buffer.seek(0)
+                self._buffer.write(chunks[-1])
+                self._buffer.truncate()
+                return chunks[:-1]
+        else:
+            return []
+
+    def flush(self) -> typing.List[str]:
+        value = self._buffer.getvalue()
+        self._buffer.seek(0)
+        self._buffer.truncate()
+        return [value] if value else []
+
+
+class TextDecoder:
+    """
+    Handles incrementally decoding bytes into text
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, encoding: typing.Optional[str] = None):
+        self.decoder: typing.Optional[codecs.IncrementalDecoder] = None
+        if encoding is not None:
+            self.decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(encoding)(errors="strict")
+
+    def decode(self, data: bytes) -> str:
+        """
+        If an encoding is explicitly specified, then we use that.
+        Otherwise our strategy is to attempt UTF-8, and fallback to Windows 1252.
+
+        Note that UTF-8 is a strict superset of ascii, and Windows 1252 is a
+        superset of the non-control characters in iso-8859-1, so we essentially
+        end up supporting any of ascii, utf-8, iso-8859-1, cp1252.
+
+        Given that UTF-8 is now by *far* the most widely used encoding, this
+        should be a pretty robust strategy for cases where a charset has
+        not been explicitly included.
+
+        Useful stats on the prevalence of different charsets in the wild...
+
+        * https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/character_encoding
+        * https://w3techs.com/technologies/history_overview/character_encoding
+
+        The HTML5 spec also has some useful guidelines, suggesting defaults of
+        either UTF-8 or Windows 1252 in most cases...
+
+        * https://dev.w3.org/html5/spec-LC/Overview.html
+        """
+        if self.decoder is None:
+            # If this is the first decode pass then we need to determine which
+            # encoding to use by attempting UTF-8 and raising any decode errors.
+            attempt_utf_8 = codecs.getincrementaldecoder("utf-8")(errors="strict")
+            try:
+                attempt_utf_8.decode(data)
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                # Could not decode as UTF-8. Use Windows 1252.
+                self.decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder("cp1252")(errors="replace")
+            else:
+                # Can decode as UTF-8. Use UTF-8 with lenient error settings.
+                self.decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder("utf-8")(errors="replace")
+
+        return self.decoder.decode(data)
+
+    def flush(self) -> str:
+        if self.decoder is None:
+            return ""
+        return self.decoder.decode(b"", True)
+
+
+class LineDecoder:
+    """
+    Handles incrementally reading lines from text.
+
+    Uses universal line decoding, supporting any of `\n`, `\r`, or `\r\n`
+    as line endings, normalizing to `\n`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.buffer = ""
+
+    def decode(self, text: str) -> typing.List[str]:
+        lines = []
+
+        if text and self.buffer and self.buffer[-1] == "\r":
+            if text.startswith("\n"):
+                # Handle the case where we have an "\r\n" split across
+                # our previous input, and our new chunk.
+                lines.append(self.buffer[:-1] + "\n")
+                self.buffer = ""
+                text = text[1:]
+            else:
+                # Handle the case where we have "\r" at the end of our
+                # previous input.
+                lines.append(self.buffer[:-1] + "\n")
+                self.buffer = ""
+
+        while text:
+            num_chars = len(text)
+            for idx in range(num_chars):
+                char = text[idx]
+                next_char = None if idx + 1 == num_chars else text[idx + 1]
+                if char == "\n":
+                    lines.append(self.buffer + text[: idx + 1])
+                    self.buffer = ""
+                    text = text[idx + 1 :]
+                    break
+                elif char == "\r" and next_char == "\n":
+                    lines.append(self.buffer + text[:idx] + "\n")
+                    self.buffer = ""
+                    text = text[idx + 2 :]
+                    break
+                elif char == "\r" and next_char is not None:
+                    lines.append(self.buffer + text[:idx] + "\n")
+                    self.buffer = ""
+                    text = text[idx + 1 :]
+                    break
+                elif next_char is None:
+                    self.buffer += text
+                    text = ""
+                    break
+
+        return lines
+
+    def flush(self) -> typing.List[str]:
+        if self.buffer.endswith("\r"):
+            # Handle the case where we had a trailing '\r', which could have
+            # been a '\r\n' pair.
+            lines = [self.buffer[:-1] + "\n"]
+        elif self.buffer:
+            lines = [self.buffer]
+        else:
+            lines = []
+        self.buffer = ""
+        return lines
+
+
+SUPPORTED_DECODERS = {
+    "identity": IdentityDecoder,
+    "gzip": GZipDecoder,
+    "deflate": DeflateDecoder,
+    "br": BrotliDecoder,
+}
+
+
+if brotlicffi is None:
+    SUPPORTED_DECODERS.pop("br")  # pragma: nocover
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6e59aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+"""
+Our exception hierarchy:
+
+* HTTPError
+  x RequestError
+    + TransportError
+      - TimeoutException
+        · ConnectTimeout
+        · ReadTimeout
+        · WriteTimeout
+        · PoolTimeout
+      - NetworkError
+        · ConnectError
+        · ReadError
+        · WriteError
+        · CloseError
+      - ProtocolError
+        · LocalProtocolError
+        · RemoteProtocolError
+      - ProxyError
+      - UnsupportedProtocol
+    + DecodingError
+    + TooManyRedirects
+    + RequestBodyUnavailable
+  x HTTPStatusError
+* InvalidURL
+* CookieConflict
+* StreamError
+  x StreamConsumed
+  x StreamClosed
+  x ResponseNotRead
+  x RequestNotRead
+"""
+import contextlib
+import typing
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ._models import Request, Response  # pragma: nocover
+
+
+class HTTPError(Exception):
+    """
+    Base class for `RequestError` and `HTTPStatusError`.
+
+    Useful for `try...except` blocks when issuing a request,
+    and then calling `.raise_for_status()`.
+
+    For example:
+
+    ```
+    try:
+        response = httpx.get("https://www.example.com")
+        response.raise_for_status()
+    except httpx.HTTPError as exc:
+        print(f"HTTP Exception for {exc.request.url} - {exc}")
+    ```
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+class RequestError(HTTPError):
+    """
+    Base class for all exceptions that may occur when issuing a `.request()`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str, *, request: "Request" = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+        # At the point an exception is raised we won't typically have a request
+        # instance to associate it with.
+        #
+        # The 'request_context' context manager is used within the Client and
+        # Response methods in order to ensure that any raised exceptions
+        # have a `.request` property set on them.
+        self._request = request
+
+    @property
+    def request(self) -> "Request":
+        if self._request is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("The .request property has not been set.")
+        return self._request
+
+    @request.setter
+    def request(self, request: "Request") -> None:
+        self._request = request
+
+
+class TransportError(RequestError):
+    """
+    Base class for all exceptions that occur at the level of the Transport API.
+    """
+
+
+# Timeout exceptions...
+
+
+class TimeoutException(TransportError):
+    """
+    The base class for timeout errors.
+
+    An operation has timed out.
+    """
+
+
+class ConnectTimeout(TimeoutException):
+    """
+    Timed out while connecting to the host.
+    """
+
+
+class ReadTimeout(TimeoutException):
+    """
+    Timed out while receiving data from the host.
+    """
+
+
+class WriteTimeout(TimeoutException):
+    """
+    Timed out while sending data to the host.
+    """
+
+
+class PoolTimeout(TimeoutException):
+    """
+    Timed out waiting to acquire a connection from the pool.
+    """
+
+
+# Core networking exceptions...
+
+
+class NetworkError(TransportError):
+    """
+    The base class for network-related errors.
+
+    An error occurred while interacting with the network.
+    """
+
+
+class ReadError(NetworkError):
+    """
+    Failed to receive data from the network.
+    """
+
+
+class WriteError(NetworkError):
+    """
+    Failed to send data through the network.
+    """
+
+
+class ConnectError(NetworkError):
+    """
+    Failed to establish a connection.
+    """
+
+
+class CloseError(NetworkError):
+    """
+    Failed to close a connection.
+    """
+
+
+# Other transport exceptions...
+
+
+class ProxyError(TransportError):
+    """
+    An error occurred while establishing a proxy connection.
+    """
+
+
+class UnsupportedProtocol(TransportError):
+    """
+    Attempted to make a request to an unsupported protocol.
+
+    For example issuing a request to `ftp://www.example.com`.
+    """
+
+
+class ProtocolError(TransportError):
+    """
+    The protocol was violated.
+    """
+
+
+class LocalProtocolError(ProtocolError):
+    """
+    A protocol was violated by the client.
+
+    For example if the user instantiated a `Request` instance explicitly,
+    failed to include the mandatory `Host:` header, and then issued it directly
+    using `client.send()`.
+    """
+
+
+class RemoteProtocolError(ProtocolError):
+    """
+    The protocol was violated by the server.
+
+    For exaample, returning malformed HTTP.
+    """
+
+
+# Other request exceptions...
+
+
+class DecodingError(RequestError):
+    """
+    Decoding of the response failed, due to a malformed encoding.
+    """
+
+
+class TooManyRedirects(RequestError):
+    """
+    Too many redirects.
+    """
+
+
+# Client errors
+
+
+class HTTPStatusError(HTTPError):
+    """
+    The response had an error HTTP status of 4xx or 5xx.
+
+    May be raised when calling `response.raise_for_status()`
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, message: str, *, request: "Request", response: "Response"
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.request = request
+        self.response = response
+
+
+class InvalidURL(Exception):
+    """
+    URL is improperly formed or cannot be parsed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+class CookieConflict(Exception):
+    """
+    Attempted to lookup a cookie by name, but multiple cookies existed.
+
+    Can occur when calling `response.cookies.get(...)`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+# Stream exceptions...
+
+# These may occur as the result of a programming error, by accessing
+# the request/response stream in an invalid manner.
+
+
+class StreamError(RuntimeError):
+    """
+    The base class for stream exceptions.
+
+    The developer made an error in accessing the request stream in
+    an invalid way.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+class StreamConsumed(StreamError):
+    """
+    Attempted to read or stream content, but the content has already
+    been streamed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        message = (
+            "Attempted to read or stream some content, but the content has "
+            "already been streamed. For requests, this could be due to passing "
+            "a generator as request content, and then receiving a redirect "
+            "response or a secondary request as part of an authentication flow."
+            "For responses, this could be due to attempting to stream the response "
+            "content more than once."
+        )
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+class StreamClosed(StreamError):
+    """
+    Attempted to read or stream response content, but the request has been
+    closed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        message = (
+            "Attempted to read or stream content, but the stream has " "been closed."
+        )
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+class ResponseNotRead(StreamError):
+    """
+    Attempted to access streaming response content, without having called `read()`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        message = "Attempted to access streaming response content, without having called `read()`."
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+class RequestNotRead(StreamError):
+    """
+    Attempted to access streaming request content, without having called `read()`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        message = "Attempted to access streaming request content, without having called `read()`."
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def request_context(request: "Request" = None) -> typing.Iterator[None]:
+    """
+    A context manager that can be used to attach the given request context
+    to any `RequestError` exceptions that are raised within the block.
+    """
+    try:
+        yield
+    except RequestError as exc:
+        if request is not None:
+            exc.request = request
+        raise exc
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_models.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06ebb92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1843 @@
+import cgi
+import datetime
+import email.message
+import json as jsonlib
+import typing
+import urllib.request
+from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+from http.cookiejar import Cookie, CookieJar
+from urllib.parse import parse_qs, quote, unquote, urlencode
+
+import idna
+import rfc3986
+import rfc3986.exceptions
+
+from ._content import ByteStream, UnattachedStream, encode_request, encode_response
+from ._decoders import (
+    SUPPORTED_DECODERS,
+    ByteChunker,
+    ContentDecoder,
+    IdentityDecoder,
+    LineDecoder,
+    MultiDecoder,
+    TextChunker,
+    TextDecoder,
+)
+from ._exceptions import (
+    CookieConflict,
+    HTTPStatusError,
+    InvalidURL,
+    RequestNotRead,
+    ResponseNotRead,
+    StreamClosed,
+    StreamConsumed,
+    request_context,
+)
+from ._status_codes import codes
+from ._transports.base import AsyncByteStream, SyncByteStream
+from ._types import (
+    CookieTypes,
+    HeaderTypes,
+    PrimitiveData,
+    QueryParamTypes,
+    RawURL,
+    RequestContent,
+    RequestData,
+    RequestFiles,
+    ResponseContent,
+    URLTypes,
+)
+from ._utils import (
+    guess_json_utf,
+    is_known_encoding,
+    normalize_header_key,
+    normalize_header_value,
+    obfuscate_sensitive_headers,
+    parse_header_links,
+    primitive_value_to_str,
+)
+
+
+class URL:
+    """
+    url = httpx.URL("HTTPS://jo%40email.com:a%20secret@müller.de:1234/pa%20th?search=ab#anchorlink")
+
+    assert url.scheme == "https"
+    assert url.username == "jo@email.com"
+    assert url.password == "a secret"
+    assert url.userinfo == b"jo%40email.com:a%20secret"
+    assert url.host == "müller.de"
+    assert url.raw_host == b"xn--mller-kva.de"
+    assert url.port == 1234
+    assert url.netloc == b"xn--mller-kva.de:1234"
+    assert url.path == "/pa th"
+    assert url.query == b"?search=ab"
+    assert url.raw_path == b"/pa%20th?search=ab"
+    assert url.fragment == "anchorlink"
+
+    The components of a URL are broken down like this:
+
+       https://jo%40email.com:a%20secret@müller.de:1234/pa%20th?search=ab#anchorlink
+    [scheme]   [  username  ] [password] [ host ][port][ path ] [ query ] [fragment]
+               [       userinfo        ] [   netloc   ][    raw_path    ]
+
+    Note that:
+
+    * `url.scheme` is normalized to always be lowercased.
+
+    * `url.host` is normalized to always be lowercased. Internationalized domain
+      names are represented in unicode, without IDNA encoding applied. For instance:
+
+      url = httpx.URL("http://中国.icom.museum")
+      assert url.host == "中国.icom.museum"
+      url = httpx.URL("http://xn--fiqs8s.icom.museum")
+      assert url.host == "中国.icom.museum"
+
+    * `url.raw_host` is normalized to always be lowercased, and is IDNA encoded.
+
+      url = httpx.URL("http://中国.icom.museum")
+      assert url.raw_host == b"xn--fiqs8s.icom.museum"
+      url = httpx.URL("http://xn--fiqs8s.icom.museum")
+      assert url.raw_host == b"xn--fiqs8s.icom.museum"
+
+    * `url.port` is either None or an integer. URLs that include the default port for
+      "http", "https", "ws", "wss", and "ftp" schemes have their port normalized to `None`.
+
+      assert httpx.URL("http://example.com") == httpx.URL("http://example.com:80")
+      assert httpx.URL("http://example.com").port is None
+      assert httpx.URL("http://example.com:80").port is None
+
+    * `url.userinfo` is raw bytes, without URL escaping. Usually you'll want to work with
+      `url.username` and `url.password` instead, which handle the URL escaping.
+
+    * `url.raw_path` is raw bytes of both the path and query, without URL escaping.
+      This portion is used as the target when constructing HTTP requests. Usually you'll
+      want to work with `url.path` instead.
+
+    * `url.query` is raw bytes, without URL escaping. A URL query string portion can only
+      be properly URL escaped when decoding the parameter names and values themselves.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, url: typing.Union["URL", str, RawURL] = "", **kwargs: typing.Any
+    ) -> None:
+        if isinstance(url, (str, tuple)):
+            if isinstance(url, tuple):
+                raw_scheme, raw_host, port, raw_path = url
+                scheme = raw_scheme.decode("ascii")
+                host = raw_host.decode("ascii")
+                if host and ":" in host and host[0] != "[":
+                    # it's an IPv6 address, so it should be enclosed in "[" and "]"
+                    # ref: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2732#section-2
+                    # ref: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
+                    host = f"[{host}]"
+                port_str = "" if port is None else f":{port}"
+                path = raw_path.decode("ascii")
+                url = f"{scheme}://{host}{port_str}{path}"
+
+            try:
+                self._uri_reference = rfc3986.iri_reference(url).encode()
+            except rfc3986.exceptions.InvalidAuthority as exc:
+                raise InvalidURL(message=str(exc)) from None
+
+            if self.is_absolute_url:
+                # We don't want to normalize relative URLs, since doing so
+                # removes any leading `../` portion.
+                self._uri_reference = self._uri_reference.normalize()
+        elif isinstance(url, URL):
+            self._uri_reference = url._uri_reference
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"Invalid type for url.  Expected str or httpx.URL, got {type(url)}: {url!r}"
+            )
+
+        # Perform port normalization, following the WHATWG spec for default ports.
+        #
+        # See:
+        # * https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.3
+        # * https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#url-miscellaneous
+        # * https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#scheme-state
+        default_port = {
+            "ftp": ":21",
+            "http": ":80",
+            "https": ":443",
+            "ws": ":80",
+            "wss": ":443",
+        }.get(self._uri_reference.scheme, "")
+        authority = self._uri_reference.authority or ""
+        if default_port and authority.endswith(default_port):
+            authority = authority[: -len(default_port)]
+            self._uri_reference = self._uri_reference.copy_with(authority=authority)
+
+        if kwargs:
+            self._uri_reference = self.copy_with(**kwargs)._uri_reference
+
+    @property
+    def scheme(self) -> str:
+        """
+        The URL scheme, such as "http", "https".
+        Always normalised to lowercase.
+        """
+        return self._uri_reference.scheme or ""
+
+    @property
+    def raw_scheme(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        The raw bytes representation of the URL scheme, such as b"http", b"https".
+        Always normalised to lowercase.
+        """
+        return self.scheme.encode("ascii")
+
+    @property
+    def userinfo(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        The URL userinfo as a raw bytestring.
+        For example: b"jo%40email.com:a%20secret".
+        """
+        userinfo = self._uri_reference.userinfo or ""
+        return userinfo.encode("ascii")
+
+    @property
+    def username(self) -> str:
+        """
+        The URL username as a string, with URL decoding applied.
+        For example: "jo@email.com"
+        """
+        userinfo = self._uri_reference.userinfo or ""
+        return unquote(userinfo.partition(":")[0])
+
+    @property
+    def password(self) -> str:
+        """
+        The URL password as a string, with URL decoding applied.
+        For example: "a secret"
+        """
+        userinfo = self._uri_reference.userinfo or ""
+        return unquote(userinfo.partition(":")[2])
+
+    @property
+    def host(self) -> str:
+        """
+        The URL host as a string.
+        Always normalized to lowercase, with IDNA hosts decoded into unicode.
+
+        Examples:
+
+        url = httpx.URL("http://www.EXAMPLE.org")
+        assert url.host == "www.example.org"
+
+        url = httpx.URL("http://中国.icom.museum")
+        assert url.host == "中国.icom.museum"
+
+        url = httpx.URL("http://xn--fiqs8s.icom.museum")
+        assert url.host == "中国.icom.museum"
+
+        url = httpx.URL("https://[::ffff:192.168.0.1]")
+        assert url.host == "::ffff:192.168.0.1"
+        """
+        host: str = self._uri_reference.host or ""
+
+        if host and ":" in host and host[0] == "[":
+            # it's an IPv6 address
+            host = host.lstrip("[").rstrip("]")
+
+        if host.startswith("xn--"):
+            host = idna.decode(host)
+
+        return host
+
+    @property
+    def raw_host(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        The raw bytes representation of the URL host.
+        Always normalized to lowercase, and IDNA encoded.
+
+        Examples:
+
+        url = httpx.URL("http://www.EXAMPLE.org")
+        assert url.raw_host == b"www.example.org"
+
+        url = httpx.URL("http://中国.icom.museum")
+        assert url.raw_host == b"xn--fiqs8s.icom.museum"
+
+        url = httpx.URL("http://xn--fiqs8s.icom.museum")
+        assert url.raw_host == b"xn--fiqs8s.icom.museum"
+
+        url = httpx.URL("https://[::ffff:192.168.0.1]")
+        assert url.raw_host == b"::ffff:192.168.0.1"
+        """
+        host: str = self._uri_reference.host or ""
+
+        if host and ":" in host and host[0] == "[":
+            # it's an IPv6 address
+            host = host.lstrip("[").rstrip("]")
+
+        return host.encode("ascii")
+
+    @property
+    def port(self) -> typing.Optional[int]:
+        """
+        The URL port as an integer.
+
+        Note that the URL class performs port normalization as per the WHATWG spec.
+        Default ports for "http", "https", "ws", "wss", and "ftp" schemes are always
+        treated as `None`.
+
+        For example:
+
+        assert httpx.URL("http://www.example.com") == httpx.URL("http://www.example.com:80")
+        assert httpx.URL("http://www.example.com:80").port is None
+        """
+        port = self._uri_reference.port
+        return int(port) if port else None
+
+    @property
+    def netloc(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Either `<host>` or `<host>:<port>` as bytes.
+        Always normalized to lowercase, and IDNA encoded.
+
+        This property may be used for generating the value of a request
+        "Host" header.
+        """
+        host = self._uri_reference.host or ""
+        port = self._uri_reference.port
+        netloc = host.encode("ascii")
+        if port:
+            netloc = netloc + b":" + port.encode("ascii")
+        return netloc
+
+    @property
+    def path(self) -> str:
+        """
+        The URL path as a string. Excluding the query string, and URL decoded.
+
+        For example:
+
+        url = httpx.URL("https://example.com/pa%20th")
+        assert url.path == "/pa th"
+        """
+        path = self._uri_reference.path or "/"
+        return unquote(path)
+
+    @property
+    def query(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        The URL query string, as raw bytes, excluding the leading b"?".
+
+        This is neccessarily a bytewise interface, because we cannot
+        perform URL decoding of this representation until we've parsed
+        the keys and values into a QueryParams instance.
+
+        For example:
+
+        url = httpx.URL("https://example.com/?filter=some%20search%20terms")
+        assert url.query == b"filter=some%20search%20terms"
+        """
+        query = self._uri_reference.query or ""
+        return query.encode("ascii")
+
+    @property
+    def params(self) -> "QueryParams":
+        """
+        The URL query parameters, neatly parsed and packaged into an immutable
+        multidict representation.
+        """
+        return QueryParams(self._uri_reference.query)
+
+    @property
+    def raw_path(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        The complete URL path and query string as raw bytes.
+        Used as the target when constructing HTTP requests.
+
+        For example:
+
+        GET /users?search=some%20text HTTP/1.1
+        Host: www.example.org
+        Connection: close
+        """
+        path = self._uri_reference.path or "/"
+        if self._uri_reference.query is not None:
+            path += "?" + self._uri_reference.query
+        return path.encode("ascii")
+
+    @property
+    def fragment(self) -> str:
+        """
+        The URL fragments, as used in HTML anchors.
+        As a string, without the leading '#'.
+        """
+        return unquote(self._uri_reference.fragment or "")
+
+    @property
+    def raw(self) -> RawURL:
+        """
+        The URL in the raw representation used by the low level
+        transport API. See `BaseTransport.handle_request`.
+
+        Provides the (scheme, host, port, target) for the outgoing request.
+        """
+        return (
+            self.raw_scheme,
+            self.raw_host,
+            self.port,
+            self.raw_path,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def is_absolute_url(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `True` for absolute URLs such as 'http://example.com/path',
+        and `False` for relative URLs such as '/path'.
+        """
+        # We don't use `.is_absolute` from `rfc3986` because it treats
+        # URLs with a fragment portion as not absolute.
+        # What we actually care about is if the URL provides
+        # a scheme and hostname to which connections should be made.
+        return bool(self._uri_reference.scheme and self._uri_reference.host)
+
+    @property
+    def is_relative_url(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return `False` for absolute URLs such as 'http://example.com/path',
+        and `True` for relative URLs such as '/path'.
+        """
+        return not self.is_absolute_url
+
+    def copy_with(self, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> "URL":
+        """
+        Copy this URL, returning a new URL with some components altered.
+        Accepts the same set of parameters as the components that are made
+        available via properties on the `URL` class.
+
+        For example:
+
+        url = httpx.URL("https://www.example.com").copy_with(username="jo@gmail.com", password="a secret")
+        assert url == "https://jo%40email.com:a%20secret@www.example.com"
+        """
+        allowed = {
+            "scheme": str,
+            "username": str,
+            "password": str,
+            "userinfo": bytes,
+            "host": str,
+            "port": int,
+            "netloc": bytes,
+            "path": str,
+            "query": bytes,
+            "raw_path": bytes,
+            "fragment": str,
+            "params": object,
+        }
+
+        # Step 1
+        # ======
+        #
+        # Perform type checking for all supported keyword arguments.
+        for key, value in kwargs.items():
+            if key not in allowed:
+                message = f"{key!r} is an invalid keyword argument for copy_with()"
+                raise TypeError(message)
+            if value is not None and not isinstance(value, allowed[key]):
+                expected = allowed[key].__name__
+                seen = type(value).__name__
+                message = f"Argument {key!r} must be {expected} but got {seen}"
+                raise TypeError(message)
+
+        # Step 2
+        # ======
+        #
+        # Consolidate "username", "password", "userinfo", "host", "port" and "netloc"
+        # into a single "authority" keyword, for `rfc3986`.
+        if "username" in kwargs or "password" in kwargs:
+            # Consolidate "username" and "password" into "userinfo".
+            username = quote(kwargs.pop("username", self.username) or "")
+            password = quote(kwargs.pop("password", self.password) or "")
+            userinfo = f"{username}:{password}" if password else username
+            kwargs["userinfo"] = userinfo.encode("ascii")
+
+        if "host" in kwargs or "port" in kwargs:
+            # Consolidate "host" and "port" into "netloc".
+            host = kwargs.pop("host", self.host) or ""
+            port = kwargs.pop("port", self.port)
+
+            if host and ":" in host and host[0] != "[":
+                # IPv6 addresses need to be escaped within sqaure brackets.
+                host = f"[{host}]"
+
+            kwargs["netloc"] = (
+                f"{host}:{port}".encode("ascii")
+                if port is not None
+                else host.encode("ascii")
+            )
+
+        if "userinfo" in kwargs or "netloc" in kwargs:
+            # Consolidate "userinfo" and "netloc" into authority.
+            userinfo = (kwargs.pop("userinfo", self.userinfo) or b"").decode("ascii")
+            netloc = (kwargs.pop("netloc", self.netloc) or b"").decode("ascii")
+            authority = f"{userinfo}@{netloc}" if userinfo else netloc
+            kwargs["authority"] = authority
+
+        # Step 3
+        # ======
+        #
+        # Wrangle any "path", "query", "raw_path" and "params" keywords into
+        # "query" and "path" keywords for `rfc3986`.
+        if "raw_path" in kwargs:
+            # If "raw_path" is included, then split it into "path" and "query" components.
+            raw_path = kwargs.pop("raw_path") or b""
+            path, has_query, query = raw_path.decode("ascii").partition("?")
+            kwargs["path"] = path
+            kwargs["query"] = query if has_query else None
+
+        else:
+            if kwargs.get("path") is not None:
+                # Ensure `kwargs["path"] = <url quoted str>` for `rfc3986`.
+                kwargs["path"] = quote(kwargs["path"])
+
+            if kwargs.get("query") is not None:
+                # Ensure `kwargs["query"] = <str>` for `rfc3986`.
+                #
+                # Note that `.copy_with(query=None)` and `.copy_with(query=b"")`
+                # are subtly different. The `None` style will not include an empty
+                # trailing "?" character.
+                kwargs["query"] = kwargs["query"].decode("ascii")
+
+            if "params" in kwargs:
+                # Replace any "params" keyword with the raw "query" instead.
+                #
+                # Ensure that empty params use `kwargs["query"] = None` rather
+                # than `kwargs["query"] = ""`, so that generated URLs do not
+                # include an empty trailing "?".
+                params = kwargs.pop("params")
+                kwargs["query"] = None if not params else str(QueryParams(params))
+
+        # Step 4
+        # ======
+        #
+        # Ensure any fragment component is quoted.
+        if kwargs.get("fragment") is not None:
+            kwargs["fragment"] = quote(kwargs["fragment"])
+
+        # Step 5
+        # ======
+        #
+        # At this point kwargs may include keys for "scheme", "authority", "path",
+        # "query" and "fragment". Together these constitute the entire URL.
+        #
+        # See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3
+        #
+        #  foo://example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose
+        #  \_/   \______________/\_________/ \_________/ \__/
+        #   |           |            |            |        |
+        # scheme     authority       path        query   fragment
+        return URL(self._uri_reference.copy_with(**kwargs).unsplit())
+
+    def copy_set_param(self, key: str, value: typing.Any = None) -> "URL":
+        return self.copy_with(params=self.params.set(key, value))
+
+    def copy_add_param(self, key: str, value: typing.Any = None) -> "URL":
+        return self.copy_with(params=self.params.add(key, value))
+
+    def copy_remove_param(self, key: str) -> "URL":
+        return self.copy_with(params=self.params.remove(key))
+
+    def copy_merge_params(self, params: QueryParamTypes) -> "URL":
+        return self.copy_with(params=self.params.merge(params))
+
+    def join(self, url: URLTypes) -> "URL":
+        """
+        Return an absolute URL, using this URL as the base.
+
+        Eg.
+
+        url = httpx.URL("https://www.example.com/test")
+        url = url.join("/new/path")
+        assert url == "https://www.example.com/new/path"
+        """
+        if self.is_relative_url:
+            # Workaround to handle relative URLs, which otherwise raise
+            # rfc3986.exceptions.ResolutionError when used as an argument
+            # in `.resolve_with`.
+            return (
+                self.copy_with(scheme="http", host="example.com")
+                .join(url)
+                .copy_with(scheme=None, host=None)
+            )
+
+        # We drop any fragment portion, because RFC 3986 strictly
+        # treats URLs with a fragment portion as not being absolute URLs.
+        base_uri = self._uri_reference.copy_with(fragment=None)
+        relative_url = URL(url)
+        return URL(relative_url._uri_reference.resolve_with(base_uri).unsplit())
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(str(self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: typing.Any) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, (URL, str)) and str(self) == str(URL(other))
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self._uri_reference.unsplit()
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
+        url_str = str(self)
+        if self._uri_reference.userinfo:
+            # Mask any password component in the URL representation, to lower the
+            # risk of unintended leakage, such as in debug information and logging.
+            username = quote(self.username)
+            url_str = (
+                rfc3986.urlparse(url_str)
+                .copy_with(userinfo=f"{username}:[secure]")
+                .unsplit()
+            )
+        return f"{class_name}({url_str!r})"
+
+
+class QueryParams(typing.Mapping[str, str]):
+    """
+    URL query parameters, as a multi-dict.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: QueryParamTypes, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        assert len(args) < 2, "Too many arguments."
+        assert not (args and kwargs), "Cannot mix named and unnamed arguments."
+
+        value = args[0] if args else kwargs
+
+        items: typing.Sequence[typing.Tuple[str, PrimitiveData]]
+        if value is None or isinstance(value, (str, bytes)):
+            value = value.decode("ascii") if isinstance(value, bytes) else value
+            self._dict = parse_qs(value)
+        elif isinstance(value, QueryParams):
+            self._dict = {k: list(v) for k, v in value._dict.items()}
+        else:
+            dict_value: typing.Dict[typing.Any, typing.List[typing.Any]] = {}
+            if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+                # Convert list inputs like:
+                #     [("a", "123"), ("a", "456"), ("b", "789")]
+                # To a dict representation, like:
+                #     {"a": ["123", "456"], "b": ["789"]}
+                for item in value:
+                    dict_value.setdefault(item[0], []).append(item[1])
+            else:
+                # Convert dict inputs like:
+                #    {"a": "123", "b": ["456", "789"]}
+                # To dict inputs where values are always lists, like:
+                #    {"a": ["123"], "b": ["456", "789"]}
+                dict_value = {
+                    k: list(v) if isinstance(v, (list, tuple)) else [v]
+                    for k, v in value.items()
+                }
+
+            # Ensure that keys and values are neatly coerced to strings.
+            # We coerce values `True` and `False` to JSON-like "true" and "false"
+            # representations, and coerce `None` values to the empty string.
+            self._dict = {
+                str(k): [primitive_value_to_str(item) for item in v]
+                for k, v in dict_value.items()
+            }
+
+    def keys(self) -> typing.KeysView:
+        """
+        Return all the keys in the query params.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123&a=456&b=789")
+        assert list(q.keys()) == ["a", "b"]
+        """
+        return self._dict.keys()
+
+    def values(self) -> typing.ValuesView:
+        """
+        Return all the values in the query params. If a key occurs more than once
+        only the first item for that key is returned.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123&a=456&b=789")
+        assert list(q.values()) == ["123", "789"]
+        """
+        return {k: v[0] for k, v in self._dict.items()}.values()
+
+    def items(self) -> typing.ItemsView:
+        """
+        Return all items in the query params. If a key occurs more than once
+        only the first item for that key is returned.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123&a=456&b=789")
+        assert list(q.items()) == [("a", "123"), ("b", "789")]
+        """
+        return {k: v[0] for k, v in self._dict.items()}.items()
+
+    def multi_items(self) -> typing.List[typing.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        """
+        Return all items in the query params. Allow duplicate keys to occur.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123&a=456&b=789")
+        assert list(q.multi_items()) == [("a", "123"), ("a", "456"), ("b", "789")]
+        """
+        multi_items: typing.List[typing.Tuple[str, str]] = []
+        for k, v in self._dict.items():
+            multi_items.extend([(k, i) for i in v])
+        return multi_items
+
+    def get(self, key: typing.Any, default: typing.Any = None) -> typing.Any:
+        """
+        Get a value from the query param for a given key. If the key occurs
+        more than once, then only the first value is returned.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123&a=456&b=789")
+        assert q.get("a") == "123"
+        """
+        if key in self._dict:
+            return self._dict[str(key)][0]
+        return default
+
+    def get_list(self, key: str) -> typing.List[str]:
+        """
+        Get all values from the query param for a given key.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123&a=456&b=789")
+        assert q.get_list("a") == ["123", "456"]
+        """
+        return list(self._dict.get(str(key), []))
+
+    def set(self, key: str, value: typing.Any = None) -> "QueryParams":
+        """
+        Return a new QueryParams instance, setting the value of a key.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123")
+        q = q.set("a", "456")
+        assert q == httpx.QueryParams("a=456")
+        """
+        q = QueryParams()
+        q._dict = dict(self._dict)
+        q._dict[str(key)] = [primitive_value_to_str(value)]
+        return q
+
+    def add(self, key: str, value: typing.Any = None) -> "QueryParams":
+        """
+        Return a new QueryParams instance, setting or appending the value of a key.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123")
+        q = q.add("a", "456")
+        assert q == httpx.QueryParams("a=123&a=456")
+        """
+        q = QueryParams()
+        q._dict = dict(self._dict)
+        q._dict[str(key)] = q.get_list(key) + [primitive_value_to_str(value)]
+        return q
+
+    def remove(self, key: str) -> "QueryParams":
+        """
+        Return a new QueryParams instance, removing the value of a key.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123")
+        q = q.remove("a")
+        assert q == httpx.QueryParams("")
+        """
+        q = QueryParams()
+        q._dict = dict(self._dict)
+        q._dict.pop(str(key), None)
+        return q
+
+    def merge(self, params: QueryParamTypes = None) -> "QueryParams":
+        """
+        Return a new QueryParams instance, updated with.
+
+        Usage:
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123")
+        q = q.merge({"b": "456"})
+        assert q == httpx.QueryParams("a=123&b=456")
+
+        q = httpx.QueryParams("a=123")
+        q = q.merge({"a": "456", "b": "789"})
+        assert q == httpx.QueryParams("a=456&b=789")
+        """
+        q = QueryParams(params)
+        q._dict = {**self._dict, **q._dict}
+        return q
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: typing.Any) -> str:
+        return self._dict[key][0]
+
+    def __contains__(self, key: typing.Any) -> bool:
+        return key in self._dict
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[typing.Any]:
+        return iter(self.keys())
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._dict)
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self._dict)
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(str(self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: typing.Any) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return False
+        return sorted(self.multi_items()) == sorted(other.multi_items())
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return urlencode(self.multi_items())
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
+        query_string = str(self)
+        return f"{class_name}({query_string!r})"
+
+    def update(self, params: QueryParamTypes = None) -> None:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "QueryParams are immutable since 0.18.0. "
+            "Use `q = q.merge(...)` to create an updated copy."
+        )
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: str) -> None:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "QueryParams are immutable since 0.18.0. "
+            "Use `q = q.set(key, value)` to create an updated copy."
+        )
+
+
+class Headers(typing.MutableMapping[str, str]):
+    """
+    HTTP headers, as a case-insensitive multi-dict.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, headers: HeaderTypes = None, encoding: str = None) -> None:
+        if headers is None:
+            self._list = []  # type: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]]
+        elif isinstance(headers, Headers):
+            self._list = list(headers._list)
+        elif isinstance(headers, dict):
+            self._list = [
+                (
+                    normalize_header_key(k, lower=False, encoding=encoding),
+                    normalize_header_key(k, lower=True, encoding=encoding),
+                    normalize_header_value(v, encoding),
+                )
+                for k, v in headers.items()
+            ]
+        else:
+            self._list = [
+                (
+                    normalize_header_key(k, lower=False, encoding=encoding),
+                    normalize_header_key(k, lower=True, encoding=encoding),
+                    normalize_header_value(v, encoding),
+                )
+                for k, v in headers
+            ]
+
+        self._encoding = encoding
+
+    @property
+    def encoding(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Header encoding is mandated as ascii, but we allow fallbacks to utf-8
+        or iso-8859-1.
+        """
+        if self._encoding is None:
+            for encoding in ["ascii", "utf-8"]:
+                for key, value in self.raw:
+                    try:
+                        key.decode(encoding)
+                        value.decode(encoding)
+                    except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                        break
+                else:
+                    # The else block runs if 'break' did not occur, meaning
+                    # all values fitted the encoding.
+                    self._encoding = encoding
+                    break
+            else:
+                # The ISO-8859-1 encoding covers all 256 code points in a byte,
+                # so will never raise decode errors.
+                self._encoding = "iso-8859-1"
+        return self._encoding
+
+    @encoding.setter
+    def encoding(self, value: str) -> None:
+        self._encoding = value
+
+    @property
+    def raw(self) -> typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]]:
+        """
+        Returns a list of the raw header items, as byte pairs.
+        """
+        return [(raw_key, value) for raw_key, _, value in self._list]
+
+    def keys(self) -> typing.KeysView[str]:
+        return {key.decode(self.encoding): None for _, key, value in self._list}.keys()
+
+    def values(self) -> typing.ValuesView[str]:
+        values_dict: typing.Dict[str, str] = {}
+        for _, key, value in self._list:
+            str_key = key.decode(self.encoding)
+            str_value = value.decode(self.encoding)
+            if str_key in values_dict:
+                values_dict[str_key] += f", {str_value}"
+            else:
+                values_dict[str_key] = str_value
+        return values_dict.values()
+
+    def items(self) -> typing.ItemsView[str, str]:
+        """
+        Return `(key, value)` items of headers. Concatenate headers
+        into a single comma seperated value when a key occurs multiple times.
+        """
+        values_dict: typing.Dict[str, str] = {}
+        for _, key, value in self._list:
+            str_key = key.decode(self.encoding)
+            str_value = value.decode(self.encoding)
+            if str_key in values_dict:
+                values_dict[str_key] += f", {str_value}"
+            else:
+                values_dict[str_key] = str_value
+        return values_dict.items()
+
+    def multi_items(self) -> typing.List[typing.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        """
+        Return a list of `(key, value)` pairs of headers. Allow multiple
+        occurences of the same key without concatenating into a single
+        comma seperated value.
+        """
+        return [
+            (key.decode(self.encoding), value.decode(self.encoding))
+            for _, key, value in self._list
+        ]
+
+    def get(self, key: str, default: typing.Any = None) -> typing.Any:
+        """
+        Return a header value. If multiple occurences of the header occur
+        then concatenate them together with commas.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            return default
+
+    def get_list(self, key: str, split_commas: bool = False) -> typing.List[str]:
+        """
+        Return a list of all header values for a given key.
+        If `split_commas=True` is passed, then any comma seperated header
+        values are split into multiple return strings.
+        """
+        get_header_key = key.lower().encode(self.encoding)
+
+        values = [
+            item_value.decode(self.encoding)
+            for _, item_key, item_value in self._list
+            if item_key.lower() == get_header_key
+        ]
+
+        if not split_commas:
+            return values
+
+        split_values = []
+        for value in values:
+            split_values.extend([item.strip() for item in value.split(",")])
+        return split_values
+
+    def update(self, headers: HeaderTypes = None) -> None:  # type: ignore
+        headers = Headers(headers)
+        for key, value in headers.raw:
+            self[key.decode(headers.encoding)] = value.decode(headers.encoding)
+
+    def copy(self) -> "Headers":
+        return Headers(self, encoding=self.encoding)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Return a single header value.
+
+        If there are multiple headers with the same key, then we concatenate
+        them with commas. See: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2.2
+        """
+        normalized_key = key.lower().encode(self.encoding)
+
+        items = []
+        for _, header_key, header_value in self._list:
+            if header_key == normalized_key:
+                items.append(header_value.decode(self.encoding))
+
+        if items:
+            return ", ".join(items)
+
+        raise KeyError(key)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Set the header `key` to `value`, removing any duplicate entries.
+        Retains insertion order.
+        """
+        set_key = key.encode(self._encoding or "utf-8")
+        set_value = value.encode(self._encoding or "utf-8")
+        lookup_key = set_key.lower()
+
+        found_indexes = []
+        for idx, (_, item_key, _) in enumerate(self._list):
+            if item_key == lookup_key:
+                found_indexes.append(idx)
+
+        for idx in reversed(found_indexes[1:]):
+            del self._list[idx]
+
+        if found_indexes:
+            idx = found_indexes[0]
+            self._list[idx] = (set_key, lookup_key, set_value)
+        else:
+            self._list.append((set_key, lookup_key, set_value))
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Remove the header `key`.
+        """
+        del_key = key.lower().encode(self.encoding)
+
+        pop_indexes = []
+        for idx, (_, item_key, _) in enumerate(self._list):
+            if item_key.lower() == del_key:
+                pop_indexes.append(idx)
+
+        if not pop_indexes:
+            raise KeyError(key)
+
+        for idx in reversed(pop_indexes):
+            del self._list[idx]
+
+    def __contains__(self, key: typing.Any) -> bool:
+        header_key = key.lower().encode(self.encoding)
+        return header_key in [key for _, key, _ in self._list]
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[typing.Any]:
+        return iter(self.keys())
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._list)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: typing.Any) -> bool:
+        try:
+            other_headers = Headers(other)
+        except ValueError:
+            return False
+
+        self_list = [(key, value) for _, key, value in self._list]
+        other_list = [(key, value) for _, key, value in other_headers._list]
+        return sorted(self_list) == sorted(other_list)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
+
+        encoding_str = ""
+        if self.encoding != "ascii":
+            encoding_str = f", encoding={self.encoding!r}"
+
+        as_list = list(obfuscate_sensitive_headers(self.multi_items()))
+        as_dict = dict(as_list)
+
+        no_duplicate_keys = len(as_dict) == len(as_list)
+        if no_duplicate_keys:
+            return f"{class_name}({as_dict!r}{encoding_str})"
+        return f"{class_name}({as_list!r}{encoding_str})"
+
+
+class Request:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        method: typing.Union[str, bytes],
+        url: typing.Union["URL", str, RawURL],
+        *,
+        params: QueryParamTypes = None,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        cookies: CookieTypes = None,
+        content: RequestContent = None,
+        data: RequestData = None,
+        files: RequestFiles = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        stream: typing.Union[SyncByteStream, AsyncByteStream] = None,
+    ):
+        if isinstance(method, bytes):
+            self.method = method.decode("ascii").upper()
+        else:
+            self.method = method.upper()
+        self.url = URL(url)
+        if params is not None:
+            self.url = self.url.copy_merge_params(params=params)
+        self.headers = Headers(headers)
+        if cookies:
+            Cookies(cookies).set_cookie_header(self)
+
+        if stream is None:
+            headers, stream = encode_request(content, data, files, json)
+            self._prepare(headers)
+            self.stream = stream
+            # Load the request body, except for streaming content.
+            if isinstance(stream, ByteStream):
+                self.read()
+        else:
+            # There's an important distinction between `Request(content=...)`,
+            # and `Request(stream=...)`.
+            #
+            # Using `content=...` implies automatically populated `Host` and content
+            # headers, of either `Content-Length: ...` or `Transfer-Encoding: chunked`.
+            #
+            # Using `stream=...` will not automatically include *any* auto-populated headers.
+            #
+            # As an end-user you don't really need `stream=...`. It's only
+            # useful when:
+            #
+            # * Preserving the request stream when copying requests, eg for redirects.
+            # * Creating request instances on the *server-side* of the transport API.
+            self.stream = stream
+
+    def _prepare(self, default_headers: typing.Dict[str, str]) -> None:
+        for key, value in default_headers.items():
+            # Ignore Transfer-Encoding if the Content-Length has been set explicitly.
+            if key.lower() == "transfer-encoding" and "Content-Length" in self.headers:
+                continue
+            self.headers.setdefault(key, value)
+
+        auto_headers: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]] = []
+
+        has_host = "Host" in self.headers
+        has_content_length = (
+            "Content-Length" in self.headers or "Transfer-Encoding" in self.headers
+        )
+
+        if not has_host and self.url.host:
+            auto_headers.append((b"Host", self.url.netloc))
+        if not has_content_length and self.method in ("POST", "PUT", "PATCH"):
+            auto_headers.append((b"Content-Length", b"0"))
+
+        self.headers = Headers(auto_headers + self.headers.raw)
+
+    @property
+    def content(self) -> bytes:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_content"):
+            raise RequestNotRead()
+        return self._content
+
+    def read(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Read and return the request content.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, "_content"):
+            assert isinstance(self.stream, typing.Iterable)
+            self._content = b"".join(self.stream)
+            if not isinstance(self.stream, ByteStream):
+                # If a streaming request has been read entirely into memory, then
+                # we can replace the stream with a raw bytes implementation,
+                # to ensure that any non-replayable streams can still be used.
+                self.stream = ByteStream(self._content)
+        return self._content
+
+    async def aread(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Read and return the request content.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, "_content"):
+            assert isinstance(self.stream, typing.AsyncIterable)
+            self._content = b"".join([part async for part in self.stream])
+            if not isinstance(self.stream, ByteStream):
+                # If a streaming request has been read entirely into memory, then
+                # we can replace the stream with a raw bytes implementation,
+                # to ensure that any non-replayable streams can still be used.
+                self.stream = ByteStream(self._content)
+        return self._content
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
+        url = str(self.url)
+        return f"<{class_name}({self.method!r}, {url!r})>"
+
+    def __getstate__(self) -> typing.Dict[str, typing.Any]:
+        return {
+            name: value
+            for name, value in self.__dict__.items()
+            if name not in ["stream"]
+        }
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state: typing.Dict[str, typing.Any]) -> None:
+        for name, value in state.items():
+            setattr(self, name, value)
+        self.stream = UnattachedStream()
+
+
+class Response:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        status_code: int,
+        *,
+        headers: HeaderTypes = None,
+        content: ResponseContent = None,
+        text: str = None,
+        html: str = None,
+        json: typing.Any = None,
+        stream: typing.Union[SyncByteStream, AsyncByteStream] = None,
+        request: Request = None,
+        extensions: dict = None,
+        history: typing.List["Response"] = None,
+    ):
+        self.status_code = status_code
+        self.headers = Headers(headers)
+
+        self._request: typing.Optional[Request] = request
+
+        # When allow_redirects=False and a redirect is received,
+        # the client will set `response.next_request`.
+        self.next_request: typing.Optional[Request] = None
+
+        self.extensions = {} if extensions is None else extensions
+        self.history = [] if history is None else list(history)
+
+        self.is_closed = False
+        self.is_stream_consumed = False
+
+        if stream is None:
+            headers, stream = encode_response(content, text, html, json)
+            self._prepare(headers)
+            self.stream = stream
+            if isinstance(stream, ByteStream):
+                # Load the response body, except for streaming content.
+                self.read()
+        else:
+            # There's an important distinction between `Response(content=...)`,
+            # and `Response(stream=...)`.
+            #
+            # Using `content=...` implies automatically populated content headers,
+            # of either `Content-Length: ...` or `Transfer-Encoding: chunked`.
+            #
+            # Using `stream=...` will not automatically include any content headers.
+            #
+            # As an end-user you don't really need `stream=...`. It's only
+            # useful when creating response instances having received a stream
+            # from the transport API.
+            self.stream = stream
+
+        self._num_bytes_downloaded = 0
+
+    def _prepare(self, default_headers: typing.Dict[str, str]) -> None:
+        for key, value in default_headers.items():
+            # Ignore Transfer-Encoding if the Content-Length has been set explicitly.
+            if key.lower() == "transfer-encoding" and "content-length" in self.headers:
+                continue
+            self.headers.setdefault(key, value)
+
+    @property
+    def elapsed(self) -> datetime.timedelta:
+        """
+        Returns the time taken for the complete request/response
+        cycle to complete.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, "_elapsed"):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "'.elapsed' may only be accessed after the response "
+                "has been read or closed."
+            )
+        return self._elapsed
+
+    @elapsed.setter
+    def elapsed(self, elapsed: datetime.timedelta) -> None:
+        self._elapsed = elapsed
+
+    @property
+    def request(self) -> Request:
+        """
+        Returns the request instance associated to the current response.
+        """
+        if self._request is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "The request instance has not been set on this response."
+            )
+        return self._request
+
+    @request.setter
+    def request(self, value: Request) -> None:
+        self._request = value
+
+    @property
+    def http_version(self) -> str:
+        try:
+            return self.extensions["http_version"].decode("ascii", errors="ignore")
+        except KeyError:
+            return "HTTP/1.1"
+
+    @property
+    def reason_phrase(self) -> str:
+        try:
+            return self.extensions["reason_phrase"].decode("ascii", errors="ignore")
+        except KeyError:
+            return codes.get_reason_phrase(self.status_code)
+
+    @property
+    def url(self) -> typing.Optional[URL]:
+        """
+        Returns the URL for which the request was made.
+        """
+        return self.request.url
+
+    @property
+    def content(self) -> bytes:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_content"):
+            raise ResponseNotRead()
+        return self._content
+
+    @property
+    def text(self) -> str:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_text"):
+            content = self.content
+            if not content:
+                self._text = ""
+            else:
+                decoder = TextDecoder(encoding=self.encoding)
+                self._text = "".join([decoder.decode(self.content), decoder.flush()])
+        return self._text
+
+    @property
+    def encoding(self) -> typing.Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Return the encoding, which may have been set explicitly, or may have
+        been specified by the Content-Type header.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, "_encoding"):
+            encoding = self.charset_encoding
+            if encoding is None or not is_known_encoding(encoding):
+                self._encoding = None
+            else:
+                self._encoding = encoding
+        return self._encoding
+
+    @encoding.setter
+    def encoding(self, value: str) -> None:
+        self._encoding = value
+
+    @property
+    def charset_encoding(self) -> typing.Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Return the encoding, as specified by the Content-Type header.
+        """
+        content_type = self.headers.get("Content-Type")
+        if content_type is None:
+            return None
+
+        _, params = cgi.parse_header(content_type)
+        if "charset" not in params:
+            return None
+
+        return params["charset"].strip("'\"")
+
+    def _get_content_decoder(self) -> ContentDecoder:
+        """
+        Returns a decoder instance which can be used to decode the raw byte
+        content, depending on the Content-Encoding used in the response.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, "_decoder"):
+            decoders: typing.List[ContentDecoder] = []
+            values = self.headers.get_list("content-encoding", split_commas=True)
+            for value in values:
+                value = value.strip().lower()
+                try:
+                    decoder_cls = SUPPORTED_DECODERS[value]
+                    decoders.append(decoder_cls())
+                except KeyError:
+                    continue
+
+            if len(decoders) == 1:
+                self._decoder = decoders[0]
+            elif len(decoders) > 1:
+                self._decoder = MultiDecoder(children=decoders)
+            else:
+                self._decoder = IdentityDecoder()
+
+        return self._decoder
+
+    @property
+    def is_error(self) -> bool:
+        return codes.is_error(self.status_code)
+
+    @property
+    def is_redirect(self) -> bool:
+        return codes.is_redirect(self.status_code) and "location" in self.headers
+
+    def raise_for_status(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Raise the `HTTPStatusError` if one occurred.
+        """
+        message = (
+            "{0.status_code} {error_type}: {0.reason_phrase} for url: {0.url}\n"
+            "For more information check: https://httpstatuses.com/{0.status_code}"
+        )
+
+        request = self._request
+        if request is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Cannot call `raise_for_status` as the request "
+                "instance has not been set on this response."
+            )
+
+        if codes.is_client_error(self.status_code):
+            message = message.format(self, error_type="Client Error")
+            raise HTTPStatusError(message, request=request, response=self)
+        elif codes.is_server_error(self.status_code):
+            message = message.format(self, error_type="Server Error")
+            raise HTTPStatusError(message, request=request, response=self)
+
+    def json(self, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> typing.Any:
+        if self.charset_encoding is None and self.content and len(self.content) > 3:
+            encoding = guess_json_utf(self.content)
+            if encoding is not None:
+                try:
+                    return jsonlib.loads(self.content.decode(encoding), **kwargs)
+                except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                    pass
+        return jsonlib.loads(self.text, **kwargs)
+
+    @property
+    def cookies(self) -> "Cookies":
+        if not hasattr(self, "_cookies"):
+            self._cookies = Cookies()
+            self._cookies.extract_cookies(self)
+        return self._cookies
+
+    @property
+    def links(self) -> typing.Dict[typing.Optional[str], typing.Dict[str, str]]:
+        """
+        Returns the parsed header links of the response, if any
+        """
+        header = self.headers.get("link")
+        ldict = {}
+        if header:
+            links = parse_header_links(header)
+            for link in links:
+                key = link.get("rel") or link.get("url")
+                ldict[key] = link
+        return ldict
+
+    @property
+    def num_bytes_downloaded(self) -> int:
+        return self._num_bytes_downloaded
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Response [{self.status_code} {self.reason_phrase}]>"
+
+    def __getstate__(self) -> typing.Dict[str, typing.Any]:
+        return {
+            name: value
+            for name, value in self.__dict__.items()
+            if name not in ["stream", "is_closed", "_decoder"]
+        }
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state: typing.Dict[str, typing.Any]) -> None:
+        for name, value in state.items():
+            setattr(self, name, value)
+        self.is_closed = True
+        self.stream = UnattachedStream()
+
+    def read(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Read and return the response content.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, "_content"):
+            self._content = b"".join(self.iter_bytes())
+        return self._content
+
+    def iter_bytes(self, chunk_size: int = None) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        """
+        A byte-iterator over the decoded response content.
+        This allows us to handle gzip, deflate, and brotli encoded responses.
+        """
+        if hasattr(self, "_content"):
+            chunk_size = len(self._content) if chunk_size is None else chunk_size
+            for i in range(0, len(self._content), chunk_size):
+                yield self._content[i : i + chunk_size]
+        else:
+            decoder = self._get_content_decoder()
+            chunker = ByteChunker(chunk_size=chunk_size)
+            with request_context(request=self._request):
+                for raw_bytes in self.iter_raw():
+                    decoded = decoder.decode(raw_bytes)
+                    for chunk in chunker.decode(decoded):
+                        yield chunk
+                decoded = decoder.flush()
+                for chunk in chunker.decode(decoded):
+                    yield chunk
+                for chunk in chunker.flush():
+                    yield chunk
+
+    def iter_text(self, chunk_size: int = None) -> typing.Iterator[str]:
+        """
+        A str-iterator over the decoded response content
+        that handles both gzip, deflate, etc but also detects the content's
+        string encoding.
+        """
+        decoder = TextDecoder(encoding=self.encoding)
+        chunker = TextChunker(chunk_size=chunk_size)
+        with request_context(request=self._request):
+            for byte_content in self.iter_bytes():
+                text_content = decoder.decode(byte_content)
+                for chunk in chunker.decode(text_content):
+                    yield chunk
+            text_content = decoder.flush()
+            for chunk in chunker.decode(text_content):
+                yield chunk
+            for chunk in chunker.flush():
+                yield chunk
+
+    def iter_lines(self) -> typing.Iterator[str]:
+        decoder = LineDecoder()
+        with request_context(request=self._request):
+            for text in self.iter_text():
+                for line in decoder.decode(text):
+                    yield line
+            for line in decoder.flush():
+                yield line
+
+    def iter_raw(self, chunk_size: int = None) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        """
+        A byte-iterator over the raw response content.
+        """
+        if self.is_stream_consumed:
+            raise StreamConsumed()
+        if self.is_closed:
+            raise StreamClosed()
+        if not isinstance(self.stream, SyncByteStream):
+            raise RuntimeError("Attempted to call a sync iterator on an async stream.")
+
+        self.is_stream_consumed = True
+        self._num_bytes_downloaded = 0
+        chunker = ByteChunker(chunk_size=chunk_size)
+
+        with request_context(request=self._request):
+            for raw_stream_bytes in self.stream:
+                self._num_bytes_downloaded += len(raw_stream_bytes)
+                for chunk in chunker.decode(raw_stream_bytes):
+                    yield chunk
+
+        for chunk in chunker.flush():
+            yield chunk
+
+        self.close()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the response and release the connection.
+        Automatically called if the response body is read to completion.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(self.stream, SyncByteStream):
+            raise RuntimeError("Attempted to call an sync close on an async stream.")
+
+        if not self.is_closed:
+            self.is_closed = True
+            with request_context(request=self._request):
+                self.stream.close()
+
+    async def aread(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Read and return the response content.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, "_content"):
+            self._content = b"".join([part async for part in self.aiter_bytes()])
+        return self._content
+
+    async def aiter_bytes(self, chunk_size: int = None) -> typing.AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        """
+        A byte-iterator over the decoded response content.
+        This allows us to handle gzip, deflate, and brotli encoded responses.
+        """
+        if hasattr(self, "_content"):
+            chunk_size = len(self._content) if chunk_size is None else chunk_size
+            for i in range(0, len(self._content), chunk_size):
+                yield self._content[i : i + chunk_size]
+        else:
+            decoder = self._get_content_decoder()
+            chunker = ByteChunker(chunk_size=chunk_size)
+            with request_context(request=self._request):
+                async for raw_bytes in self.aiter_raw():
+                    decoded = decoder.decode(raw_bytes)
+                    for chunk in chunker.decode(decoded):
+                        yield chunk
+                decoded = decoder.flush()
+                for chunk in chunker.decode(decoded):
+                    yield chunk
+                for chunk in chunker.flush():
+                    yield chunk
+
+    async def aiter_text(self, chunk_size: int = None) -> typing.AsyncIterator[str]:
+        """
+        A str-iterator over the decoded response content
+        that handles both gzip, deflate, etc but also detects the content's
+        string encoding.
+        """
+        decoder = TextDecoder(encoding=self.encoding)
+        chunker = TextChunker(chunk_size=chunk_size)
+        with request_context(request=self._request):
+            async for byte_content in self.aiter_bytes():
+                text_content = decoder.decode(byte_content)
+                for chunk in chunker.decode(text_content):
+                    yield chunk
+            text_content = decoder.flush()
+            for chunk in chunker.decode(text_content):
+                yield chunk
+            for chunk in chunker.flush():
+                yield chunk
+
+    async def aiter_lines(self) -> typing.AsyncIterator[str]:
+        decoder = LineDecoder()
+        with request_context(request=self._request):
+            async for text in self.aiter_text():
+                for line in decoder.decode(text):
+                    yield line
+            for line in decoder.flush():
+                yield line
+
+    async def aiter_raw(self, chunk_size: int = None) -> typing.AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        """
+        A byte-iterator over the raw response content.
+        """
+        if self.is_stream_consumed:
+            raise StreamConsumed()
+        if self.is_closed:
+            raise StreamClosed()
+        if not isinstance(self.stream, AsyncByteStream):
+            raise RuntimeError("Attempted to call an async iterator on an sync stream.")
+
+        self.is_stream_consumed = True
+        self._num_bytes_downloaded = 0
+        chunker = ByteChunker(chunk_size=chunk_size)
+
+        with request_context(request=self._request):
+            async for raw_stream_bytes in self.stream:
+                self._num_bytes_downloaded += len(raw_stream_bytes)
+                for chunk in chunker.decode(raw_stream_bytes):
+                    yield chunk
+
+        for chunk in chunker.flush():
+            yield chunk
+
+        await self.aclose()
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the response and release the connection.
+        Automatically called if the response body is read to completion.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(self.stream, AsyncByteStream):
+            raise RuntimeError("Attempted to call an async close on an sync stream.")
+
+        if not self.is_closed:
+            self.is_closed = True
+            with request_context(request=self._request):
+                await self.stream.aclose()
+
+
+class Cookies(MutableMapping):
+    """
+    HTTP Cookies, as a mutable mapping.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, cookies: CookieTypes = None) -> None:
+        if cookies is None or isinstance(cookies, dict):
+            self.jar = CookieJar()
+            if isinstance(cookies, dict):
+                for key, value in cookies.items():
+                    self.set(key, value)
+        elif isinstance(cookies, list):
+            self.jar = CookieJar()
+            for key, value in cookies:
+                self.set(key, value)
+        elif isinstance(cookies, Cookies):
+            self.jar = CookieJar()
+            for cookie in cookies.jar:
+                self.jar.set_cookie(cookie)
+        else:
+            self.jar = cookies
+
+    def extract_cookies(self, response: Response) -> None:
+        """
+        Loads any cookies based on the response `Set-Cookie` headers.
+        """
+        urllib_response = self._CookieCompatResponse(response)
+        urllib_request = self._CookieCompatRequest(response.request)
+
+        self.jar.extract_cookies(urllib_response, urllib_request)  # type: ignore
+
+    def set_cookie_header(self, request: Request) -> None:
+        """
+        Sets an appropriate 'Cookie:' HTTP header on the `Request`.
+        """
+        urllib_request = self._CookieCompatRequest(request)
+        self.jar.add_cookie_header(urllib_request)
+
+    def set(self, name: str, value: str, domain: str = "", path: str = "/") -> None:
+        """
+        Set a cookie value by name. May optionally include domain and path.
+        """
+        kwargs = {
+            "version": 0,
+            "name": name,
+            "value": value,
+            "port": None,
+            "port_specified": False,
+            "domain": domain,
+            "domain_specified": bool(domain),
+            "domain_initial_dot": domain.startswith("."),
+            "path": path,
+            "path_specified": bool(path),
+            "secure": False,
+            "expires": None,
+            "discard": True,
+            "comment": None,
+            "comment_url": None,
+            "rest": {"HttpOnly": None},
+            "rfc2109": False,
+        }
+        cookie = Cookie(**kwargs)  # type: ignore
+        self.jar.set_cookie(cookie)
+
+    def get(  # type: ignore
+        self, name: str, default: str = None, domain: str = None, path: str = None
+    ) -> typing.Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Get a cookie by name. May optionally include domain and path
+        in order to specify exactly which cookie to retrieve.
+        """
+        value = None
+        for cookie in self.jar:
+            if cookie.name == name:
+                if domain is None or cookie.domain == domain:
+                    if path is None or cookie.path == path:
+                        if value is not None:
+                            message = f"Multiple cookies exist with name={name}"
+                            raise CookieConflict(message)
+                        value = cookie.value
+
+        if value is None:
+            return default
+        return value
+
+    def delete(self, name: str, domain: str = None, path: str = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Delete a cookie by name. May optionally include domain and path
+        in order to specify exactly which cookie to delete.
+        """
+        if domain is not None and path is not None:
+            return self.jar.clear(domain, path, name)
+
+        remove = []
+        for cookie in self.jar:
+            if cookie.name == name:
+                if domain is None or cookie.domain == domain:
+                    if path is None or cookie.path == path:
+                        remove.append(cookie)
+
+        for cookie in remove:
+            self.jar.clear(cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name)
+
+    def clear(self, domain: str = None, path: str = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Delete all cookies. Optionally include a domain and path in
+        order to only delete a subset of all the cookies.
+        """
+        args = []
+        if domain is not None:
+            args.append(domain)
+        if path is not None:
+            assert domain is not None
+            args.append(path)
+        self.jar.clear(*args)
+
+    def update(self, cookies: CookieTypes = None) -> None:  # type: ignore
+        cookies = Cookies(cookies)
+        for cookie in cookies.jar:
+            self.jar.set_cookie(cookie)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
+        return self.set(name, value)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name: str) -> str:
+        value = self.get(name)
+        if value is None:
+            raise KeyError(name)
+        return value
+
+    def __delitem__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        return self.delete(name)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self.jar)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[str]:
+        return (cookie.name for cookie in self.jar)
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        for _ in self.jar:
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        cookies_repr = ", ".join(
+            [
+                f"<Cookie {cookie.name}={cookie.value} for {cookie.domain} />"
+                for cookie in self.jar
+            ]
+        )
+
+        return f"<Cookies[{cookies_repr}]>"
+
+    class _CookieCompatRequest(urllib.request.Request):
+        """
+        Wraps a `Request` instance up in a compatibility interface suitable
+        for use with `CookieJar` operations.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self, request: Request) -> None:
+            super().__init__(
+                url=str(request.url),
+                headers=dict(request.headers),
+                method=request.method,
+            )
+            self.request = request
+
+        def add_unredirected_header(self, key: str, value: str) -> None:
+            super().add_unredirected_header(key, value)
+            self.request.headers[key] = value
+
+    class _CookieCompatResponse:
+        """
+        Wraps a `Request` instance up in a compatibility interface suitable
+        for use with `CookieJar` operations.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self, response: Response):
+            self.response = response
+
+        def info(self) -> email.message.Message:
+            info = email.message.Message()
+            for key, value in self.response.headers.multi_items():
+                # Note that setting `info[key]` here is an "append" operation,
+                # not a "replace" operation.
+                # https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.compat32-message.html#email.message.Message.__setitem__
+                info[key] = value
+            return info
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_multipart.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_multipart.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36bae66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_multipart.py
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+import binascii
+import os
+import typing
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ._transports.base import AsyncByteStream, SyncByteStream
+from ._types import FileContent, FileTypes, RequestFiles
+from ._utils import (
+    format_form_param,
+    guess_content_type,
+    peek_filelike_length,
+    primitive_value_to_str,
+    to_bytes,
+)
+
+
+class DataField:
+    """
+    A single form field item, within a multipart form field.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, name: str, value: typing.Union[str, bytes, int, float, None]
+    ) -> None:
+        if not isinstance(name, str):
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"Invalid type for name. Expected str, got {type(name)}: {name!r}"
+            )
+        if value is not None and not isinstance(value, (str, bytes, int, float)):
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"Invalid type for value. Expected primitive type, got {type(value)}: {value!r}"
+            )
+        self.name = name
+        self.value: typing.Union[str, bytes] = (
+            value if isinstance(value, bytes) else primitive_value_to_str(value)
+        )
+
+    def render_headers(self) -> bytes:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_headers"):
+            name = format_form_param("name", self.name)
+            self._headers = b"".join(
+                [b"Content-Disposition: form-data; ", name, b"\r\n\r\n"]
+            )
+
+        return self._headers
+
+    def render_data(self) -> bytes:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_data"):
+            self._data = to_bytes(self.value)
+
+        return self._data
+
+    def get_length(self) -> int:
+        headers = self.render_headers()
+        data = self.render_data()
+        return len(headers) + len(data)
+
+    def render(self) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        yield self.render_headers()
+        yield self.render_data()
+
+
+class FileField:
+    """
+    A single file field item, within a multipart form field.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, value: FileTypes) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+
+        fileobj: FileContent
+
+        if isinstance(value, tuple):
+            try:
+                filename, fileobj, content_type = value  # type: ignore
+            except ValueError:
+                filename, fileobj = value  # type: ignore
+                content_type = guess_content_type(filename)
+        else:
+            filename = Path(str(getattr(value, "name", "upload"))).name
+            fileobj = value
+            content_type = guess_content_type(filename)
+
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.file = fileobj
+        self.content_type = content_type
+        self._consumed = False
+
+    def get_length(self) -> int:
+        headers = self.render_headers()
+
+        if isinstance(self.file, (str, bytes)):
+            return len(headers) + len(to_bytes(self.file))
+
+        # Let's do our best not to read `file` into memory.
+        file_length = peek_filelike_length(self.file)
+        if file_length is None:
+            # As a last resort, read file and cache contents for later.
+            assert not hasattr(self, "_data")
+            self._data = to_bytes(self.file.read())
+            file_length = len(self._data)
+
+        return len(headers) + file_length
+
+    def render_headers(self) -> bytes:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_headers"):
+            parts = [
+                b"Content-Disposition: form-data; ",
+                format_form_param("name", self.name),
+            ]
+            if self.filename:
+                filename = format_form_param("filename", self.filename)
+                parts.extend([b"; ", filename])
+            if self.content_type is not None:
+                content_type = self.content_type.encode()
+                parts.extend([b"\r\nContent-Type: ", content_type])
+            parts.append(b"\r\n\r\n")
+            self._headers = b"".join(parts)
+
+        return self._headers
+
+    def render_data(self) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        if isinstance(self.file, (str, bytes)):
+            yield to_bytes(self.file)
+            return
+
+        if hasattr(self, "_data"):
+            # Already rendered.
+            yield self._data
+            return
+
+        if self._consumed:  # pragma: nocover
+            self.file.seek(0)
+        self._consumed = True
+
+        for chunk in self.file:
+            yield to_bytes(chunk)
+
+    def render(self) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        yield self.render_headers()
+        yield from self.render_data()
+
+
+class MultipartStream(SyncByteStream, AsyncByteStream):
+    """
+    Request content as streaming multipart encoded form data.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, data: dict, files: RequestFiles, boundary: bytes = None) -> None:
+        if boundary is None:
+            boundary = binascii.hexlify(os.urandom(16))
+
+        self.boundary = boundary
+        self.content_type = "multipart/form-data; boundary=%s" % boundary.decode(
+            "ascii"
+        )
+        self.fields = list(self._iter_fields(data, files))
+
+    def _iter_fields(
+        self, data: dict, files: RequestFiles
+    ) -> typing.Iterator[typing.Union[FileField, DataField]]:
+        for name, value in data.items():
+            if isinstance(value, list):
+                for item in value:
+                    yield DataField(name=name, value=item)
+            else:
+                yield DataField(name=name, value=value)
+
+        file_items = files.items() if isinstance(files, typing.Mapping) else files
+        for name, value in file_items:
+            yield FileField(name=name, value=value)
+
+    def iter_chunks(self) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        for field in self.fields:
+            yield b"--%s\r\n" % self.boundary
+            yield from field.render()
+            yield b"\r\n"
+        yield b"--%s--\r\n" % self.boundary
+
+    def iter_chunks_lengths(self) -> typing.Iterator[int]:
+        boundary_length = len(self.boundary)
+        # Follow closely what `.iter_chunks()` does.
+        for field in self.fields:
+            yield 2 + boundary_length + 2
+            yield field.get_length()
+            yield 2
+        yield 2 + boundary_length + 4
+
+    def get_content_length(self) -> int:
+        return sum(self.iter_chunks_lengths())
+
+    # Content stream interface.
+
+    def get_headers(self) -> typing.Dict[str, str]:
+        content_length = str(self.get_content_length())
+        content_type = self.content_type
+        return {"Content-Length": content_length, "Content-Type": content_type}
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        for chunk in self.iter_chunks():
+            yield chunk
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> typing.AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        for chunk in self.iter_chunks():
+            yield chunk
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_status_codes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_status_codes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..100aec6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_status_codes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+from enum import IntEnum
+
+
+class codes(IntEnum):
+    """HTTP status codes and reason phrases
+
+    Status codes from the following RFCs are all observed:
+
+        * RFC 7231: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1), obsoletes 2616
+        * RFC 6585: Additional HTTP Status Codes
+        * RFC 3229: Delta encoding in HTTP
+        * RFC 4918: HTTP Extensions for WebDAV, obsoletes 2518
+        * RFC 5842: Binding Extensions to WebDAV
+        * RFC 7238: Permanent Redirect
+        * RFC 2295: Transparent Content Negotiation in HTTP
+        * RFC 2774: An HTTP Extension Framework
+        * RFC 7540: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Version 2 (HTTP/2)
+        * RFC 2324: Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol (HTCPCP/1.0)
+        * RFC 7725: An HTTP Status Code to Report Legal Obstacles
+        * RFC 8297: An HTTP Status Code for Indicating Hints
+        * RFC 8470: Using Early Data in HTTP
+    """
+
+    def __new__(cls, value: int, phrase: str = "") -> "codes":
+        obj = int.__new__(cls, value)  # type: ignore
+        obj._value_ = value
+
+        obj.phrase = phrase  # type: ignore
+        return obj
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.value)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_reason_phrase(cls, value: int) -> str:
+        try:
+            return codes(value).phrase  # type: ignore
+        except ValueError:
+            return ""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_redirect(cls, value: int) -> bool:
+        return value in (
+            # 301 (Cacheable redirect. Method may change to GET.)
+            codes.MOVED_PERMANENTLY,
+            # 302 (Uncacheable redirect. Method may change to GET.)
+            codes.FOUND,
+            # 303 (Client should make a GET or HEAD request.)
+            codes.SEE_OTHER,
+            # 307 (Equiv. 302, but retain method)
+            codes.TEMPORARY_REDIRECT,
+            # 308 (Equiv. 301, but retain method)
+            codes.PERMANENT_REDIRECT,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_error(cls, value: int) -> bool:
+        return 400 <= value <= 599
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_client_error(cls, value: int) -> bool:
+        return 400 <= value <= 499
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_server_error(cls, value: int) -> bool:
+        return 500 <= value <= 599
+
+    # informational
+    CONTINUE = 100, "Continue"
+    SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS = 101, "Switching Protocols"
+    PROCESSING = 102, "Processing"
+    EARLY_HINTS = 103, "Early Hints"
+
+    # success
+    OK = 200, "OK"
+    CREATED = 201, "Created"
+    ACCEPTED = 202, "Accepted"
+    NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION = 203, "Non-Authoritative Information"
+    NO_CONTENT = 204, "No Content"
+    RESET_CONTENT = 205, "Reset Content"
+    PARTIAL_CONTENT = 206, "Partial Content"
+    MULTI_STATUS = 207, "Multi-Status"
+    ALREADY_REPORTED = 208, "Already Reported"
+    IM_USED = 226, "IM Used"
+
+    # redirection
+    MULTIPLE_CHOICES = 300, "Multiple Choices"
+    MOVED_PERMANENTLY = 301, "Moved Permanently"
+    FOUND = 302, "Found"
+    SEE_OTHER = 303, "See Other"
+    NOT_MODIFIED = 304, "Not Modified"
+    USE_PROXY = 305, "Use Proxy"
+    TEMPORARY_REDIRECT = 307, "Temporary Redirect"
+    PERMANENT_REDIRECT = 308, "Permanent Redirect"
+
+    # client error
+    BAD_REQUEST = 400, "Bad Request"
+    UNAUTHORIZED = 401, "Unauthorized"
+    PAYMENT_REQUIRED = 402, "Payment Required"
+    FORBIDDEN = 403, "Forbidden"
+    NOT_FOUND = 404, "Not Found"
+    METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED = 405, "Method Not Allowed"
+    NOT_ACCEPTABLE = 406, "Not Acceptable"
+    PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 407, "Proxy Authentication Required"
+    REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 408, "Request Timeout"
+    CONFLICT = 409, "Conflict"
+    GONE = 410, "Gone"
+    LENGTH_REQUIRED = 411, "Length Required"
+    PRECONDITION_FAILED = 412, "Precondition Failed"
+    REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE = 413, "Request Entity Too Large"
+    REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG = 414, "Request-URI Too Long"
+    UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE = 415, "Unsupported Media Type"
+    REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE = 416, "Requested Range Not Satisfiable"
+    EXPECTATION_FAILED = 417, "Expectation Failed"
+    IM_A_TEAPOT = 418, "I'm a teapot"
+    MISDIRECTED_REQUEST = 421, "Misdirected Request"
+    UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY = 422, "Unprocessable Entity"
+    LOCKED = 423, "Locked"
+    FAILED_DEPENDENCY = 424, "Failed Dependency"
+    TOO_EARLY = 425, "Too Early"
+    UPGRADE_REQUIRED = 426, "Upgrade Required"
+    PRECONDITION_REQUIRED = 428, "Precondition Required"
+    TOO_MANY_REQUESTS = 429, "Too Many Requests"
+    REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE = 431, "Request Header Fields Too Large"
+    UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS = 451, "Unavailable For Legal Reasons"
+
+    # server errors
+    INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = 500, "Internal Server Error"
+    NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 501, "Not Implemented"
+    BAD_GATEWAY = 502, "Bad Gateway"
+    SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503, "Service Unavailable"
+    GATEWAY_TIMEOUT = 504, "Gateway Timeout"
+    HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 505, "HTTP Version Not Supported"
+    VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES = 506, "Variant Also Negotiates"
+    INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE = 507, "Insufficient Storage"
+    LOOP_DETECTED = 508, "Loop Detected"
+    NOT_EXTENDED = 510, "Not Extended"
+    NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 511, "Network Authentication Required"
+
+
+# Include lower-case styles for `requests` compatibility.
+for code in codes:
+    setattr(codes, code._name_.lower(), int(code))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/asgi.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/asgi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24c5452
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/asgi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+import typing
+from urllib.parse import unquote
+
+import sniffio
+
+from .base import AsyncBaseTransport, AsyncByteStream
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
+    import asyncio
+
+    import trio
+
+    Event = typing.Union[asyncio.Event, trio.Event]
+
+
+def create_event() -> "Event":
+    if sniffio.current_async_library() == "trio":
+        import trio
+
+        return trio.Event()
+    else:
+        import asyncio
+
+        return asyncio.Event()
+
+
+class ASGIResponseStream(AsyncByteStream):
+    def __init__(self, body: typing.List[bytes]) -> None:
+        self._body = body
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> typing.AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        yield b"".join(self._body)
+
+
+class ASGITransport(AsyncBaseTransport):
+    """
+    A custom AsyncTransport that handles sending requests directly to an ASGI app.
+    The simplest way to use this functionality is to use the `app` argument.
+
+    ```
+    client = httpx.AsyncClient(app=app)
+    ```
+
+    Alternatively, you can setup the transport instance explicitly.
+    This allows you to include any additional configuration arguments specific
+    to the ASGITransport class:
+
+    ```
+    transport = httpx.ASGITransport(
+        app=app,
+        root_path="/submount",
+        client=("1.2.3.4", 123)
+    )
+    client = httpx.AsyncClient(transport=transport)
+    ```
+
+    Arguments:
+
+    * `app` - The ASGI application.
+    * `raise_app_exceptions` - Boolean indicating if exceptions in the application
+       should be raised. Default to `True`. Can be set to `False` for use cases
+       such as testing the content of a client 500 response.
+    * `root_path` - The root path on which the ASGI application should be mounted.
+    * `client` - A two-tuple indicating the client IP and port of incoming requests.
+    ```
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: typing.Callable,
+        raise_app_exceptions: bool = True,
+        root_path: str = "",
+        client: typing.Tuple[str, int] = ("127.0.0.1", 123),
+    ) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.raise_app_exceptions = raise_app_exceptions
+        self.root_path = root_path
+        self.client = client
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes, typing.Optional[int], bytes],
+        headers: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> typing.Tuple[
+        int, typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]], AsyncByteStream, dict
+    ]:
+        # ASGI scope.
+        scheme, host, port, full_path = url
+        path, _, query = full_path.partition(b"?")
+        scope = {
+            "type": "http",
+            "asgi": {"version": "3.0"},
+            "http_version": "1.1",
+            "method": method.decode(),
+            "headers": [(k.lower(), v) for (k, v) in headers],
+            "scheme": scheme.decode("ascii"),
+            "path": unquote(path.decode("ascii")),
+            "raw_path": path,
+            "query_string": query,
+            "server": (host.decode("ascii"), port),
+            "client": self.client,
+            "root_path": self.root_path,
+        }
+
+        # Request.
+        request_body_chunks = stream.__aiter__()
+        request_complete = False
+
+        # Response.
+        status_code = None
+        response_headers = None
+        body_parts = []
+        response_started = False
+        response_complete = create_event()
+
+        # ASGI callables.
+
+        async def receive() -> dict:
+            nonlocal request_complete
+
+            if request_complete:
+                await response_complete.wait()
+                return {"type": "http.disconnect"}
+
+            try:
+                body = await request_body_chunks.__anext__()
+            except StopAsyncIteration:
+                request_complete = True
+                return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False}
+            return {"type": "http.request", "body": body, "more_body": True}
+
+        async def send(message: dict) -> None:
+            nonlocal status_code, response_headers, response_started
+
+            if message["type"] == "http.response.start":
+                assert not response_started
+
+                status_code = message["status"]
+                response_headers = message.get("headers", [])
+                response_started = True
+
+            elif message["type"] == "http.response.body":
+                assert not response_complete.is_set()
+                body = message.get("body", b"")
+                more_body = message.get("more_body", False)
+
+                if body and method != b"HEAD":
+                    body_parts.append(body)
+
+                if not more_body:
+                    response_complete.set()
+
+        try:
+            await self.app(scope, receive, send)
+        except Exception:
+            if self.raise_app_exceptions or not response_complete.is_set():
+                raise
+
+        assert response_complete.is_set()
+        assert status_code is not None
+        assert response_headers is not None
+
+        stream = ASGIResponseStream(body_parts)
+        extensions = {}
+
+        return (status_code, response_headers, stream, extensions)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb51926
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+import typing
+from types import TracebackType
+
+T = typing.TypeVar("T", bound="BaseTransport")
+A = typing.TypeVar("A", bound="AsyncBaseTransport")
+
+
+class SyncByteStream:
+    def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "The '__iter__' method must be implemented."
+        )  # pragma: nocover
+        yield b""  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Subclasses can override this method to release any network resources
+        after a request/response cycle is complete.
+
+        Streaming cases should use a `try...finally` block to ensure that
+        the stream `close()` method is always called.
+
+        Example:
+
+            status_code, headers, stream, extensions = transport.handle_request(...)
+            try:
+                ...
+            finally:
+                stream.close()
+        """
+
+    def read(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Simple cases can use `.read()` as a convience method for consuming
+        the entire stream and then closing it.
+
+        Example:
+
+            status_code, headers, stream, extensions = transport.handle_request(...)
+            body = stream.read()
+        """
+        try:
+            return b"".join([part for part in self])
+        finally:
+            self.close()
+
+
+class AsyncByteStream:
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> typing.AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "The '__aiter__' method must be implemented."
+        )  # pragma: nocover
+        yield b""  # pragma: nocover
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    async def aread(self) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            return b"".join([part async for part in self])
+        finally:
+            await self.aclose()
+
+
+class BaseTransport:
+    def __enter__(self: T) -> T:
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: typing.Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.close()
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes, typing.Optional[int], bytes],
+        headers: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> typing.Tuple[
+        int, typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]], SyncByteStream, dict
+    ]:
+        """
+        Send a single HTTP request and return a response.
+
+        At this layer of API we're simply using plain primitives. No `Request` or
+        `Response` models, no fancy `URL` or `Header` handling. This strict point
+        of cut-off provides a clear design seperation between the HTTPX API,
+        and the low-level network handling.
+
+        Developers shouldn't typically ever need to call into this API directly,
+        since the Client class provides all the higher level user-facing API
+        niceties.
+
+        In order to properly release any network resources, the response stream
+        should *either* be consumed immediately, with a call to `stream.read()`,
+        or else the `handle_request` call should be followed with a try/finally
+        block to ensuring the stream is always closed.
+
+        Example usage:
+
+            with httpx.HTTPTransport() as transport:
+                status_code, headers, stream, extensions = transport.handle_request(
+                    method=b'GET',
+                    url=(b'https', b'www.example.com', 443, b'/'),
+                    headers=[(b'Host', b'www.example.com')],
+                    stream=[],
+                    extensions={}
+                )
+                body = stream.read()
+                print(status_code, headers, body)
+
+        Arguments:
+
+        method: The request method as bytes. Eg. b'GET'.
+        url: The components of the request URL, as a tuple of `(scheme, host, port, target)`.
+             The target will usually be the URL path, but also allows for alternative
+             formulations, such as proxy requests which include the complete URL in
+             the target portion of the HTTP request, or for "OPTIONS *" requests, which
+             cannot be expressed in a URL string.
+        headers: The request headers as a list of byte pairs.
+        stream: The request body as a bytes iterator.
+        extensions: An open ended dictionary, including optional extensions to the
+                    core request/response API. Keys may include:
+            timeout: A dictionary of str:Optional[float] timeout values.
+                     May include values for 'connect', 'read', 'write', or 'pool'.
+
+        Returns a tuple of:
+
+        status_code: The response status code as an integer. Should be in the range 1xx-5xx.
+        headers: The response headers as a list of byte pairs.
+        stream: The response body as a bytes iterator.
+        extensions: An open ended dictionary, including optional extensions to the
+                    core request/response API. Keys are plain strings, and may include:
+            reason_phrase: The reason-phrase of the HTTP response, as bytes. Eg b'OK'.
+                    HTTP/2 onwards does not include a reason phrase on the wire.
+                    When no key is included, a default based on the status code may
+                    be used. An empty-string reason phrase should not be substituted
+                    for a default, as it indicates the server left the portion blank
+                    eg. the leading response bytes were b"HTTP/1.1 200 <CRLF>".
+            http_version: The HTTP version, as bytes. Eg. b"HTTP/1.1".
+                    When no http_version key is included, HTTP/1.1 may be assumed.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "The 'handle_request' method must be implemented."
+        )  # pragma: nocover
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+class AsyncBaseTransport:
+    async def __aenter__(self: A) -> A:
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: typing.Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        await self.aclose()
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes, typing.Optional[int], bytes],
+        headers: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> typing.Tuple[
+        int, typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]], AsyncByteStream, dict
+    ]:
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "The 'handle_async_request' method must be implemented."
+        )  # pragma: nocover
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/default.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/default.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae6c2d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/default.py
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+"""
+Custom transports, with nicely configured defaults.
+
+The following additional keyword arguments are currently supported by httpcore...
+
+* uds: str
+* local_address: str
+* retries: int
+* backend: str ("auto", "asyncio", "trio", "curio", "anyio", "sync")
+
+Example usages...
+
+# Disable HTTP/2 on a single specfic domain.
+mounts = {
+    "all://": httpx.HTTPTransport(http2=True),
+    "all://*example.org": httpx.HTTPTransport()
+}
+
+# Using advanced httpcore configuration, with connection retries.
+transport = httpx.HTTPTransport(retries=1)
+client = httpx.Client(transport=transport)
+
+# Using advanced httpcore configuration, with unix domain sockets.
+transport = httpx.HTTPTransport(uds="socket.uds")
+client = httpx.Client(transport=transport)
+"""
+import contextlib
+import typing
+from types import TracebackType
+
+import httpcore
+
+from .._config import DEFAULT_LIMITS, Limits, Proxy, create_ssl_context
+from .._exceptions import (
+    CloseError,
+    ConnectError,
+    ConnectTimeout,
+    LocalProtocolError,
+    NetworkError,
+    PoolTimeout,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ProxyError,
+    ReadError,
+    ReadTimeout,
+    RemoteProtocolError,
+    TimeoutException,
+    UnsupportedProtocol,
+    WriteError,
+    WriteTimeout,
+)
+from .._types import CertTypes, VerifyTypes
+from .base import AsyncBaseTransport, AsyncByteStream, BaseTransport, SyncByteStream
+
+T = typing.TypeVar("T", bound="HTTPTransport")
+A = typing.TypeVar("A", bound="AsyncHTTPTransport")
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def map_httpcore_exceptions() -> typing.Iterator[None]:
+    try:
+        yield
+    except Exception as exc:
+        mapped_exc = None
+
+        for from_exc, to_exc in HTTPCORE_EXC_MAP.items():
+            if not isinstance(exc, from_exc):
+                continue
+            # We want to map to the most specific exception we can find.
+            # Eg if `exc` is an `httpcore.ReadTimeout`, we want to map to
+            # `httpx.ReadTimeout`, not just `httpx.TimeoutException`.
+            if mapped_exc is None or issubclass(to_exc, mapped_exc):
+                mapped_exc = to_exc
+
+        if mapped_exc is None:  # pragma: nocover
+            raise
+
+        message = str(exc)
+        raise mapped_exc(message) from exc
+
+
+HTTPCORE_EXC_MAP = {
+    httpcore.TimeoutException: TimeoutException,
+    httpcore.ConnectTimeout: ConnectTimeout,
+    httpcore.ReadTimeout: ReadTimeout,
+    httpcore.WriteTimeout: WriteTimeout,
+    httpcore.PoolTimeout: PoolTimeout,
+    httpcore.NetworkError: NetworkError,
+    httpcore.ConnectError: ConnectError,
+    httpcore.ReadError: ReadError,
+    httpcore.WriteError: WriteError,
+    httpcore.CloseError: CloseError,
+    httpcore.ProxyError: ProxyError,
+    httpcore.UnsupportedProtocol: UnsupportedProtocol,
+    httpcore.ProtocolError: ProtocolError,
+    httpcore.LocalProtocolError: LocalProtocolError,
+    httpcore.RemoteProtocolError: RemoteProtocolError,
+}
+
+
+class ResponseStream(SyncByteStream):
+    def __init__(self, httpcore_stream: httpcore.SyncByteStream):
+        self._httpcore_stream = httpcore_stream
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        with map_httpcore_exceptions():
+            for part in self._httpcore_stream:
+                yield part
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        with map_httpcore_exceptions():
+            self._httpcore_stream.close()
+
+
+class HTTPTransport(BaseTransport):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+        cert: CertTypes = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        limits: Limits = DEFAULT_LIMITS,
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+        proxy: Proxy = None,
+        uds: str = None,
+        local_address: str = None,
+        retries: int = 0,
+        backend: str = "sync",
+    ) -> None:
+        ssl_context = create_ssl_context(verify=verify, cert=cert, trust_env=trust_env)
+
+        if proxy is None:
+            self._pool = httpcore.SyncConnectionPool(
+                ssl_context=ssl_context,
+                max_connections=limits.max_connections,
+                max_keepalive_connections=limits.max_keepalive_connections,
+                keepalive_expiry=limits.keepalive_expiry,
+                http1=http1,
+                http2=http2,
+                uds=uds,
+                local_address=local_address,
+                retries=retries,
+                backend=backend,
+            )
+        else:
+            self._pool = httpcore.SyncHTTPProxy(
+                proxy_url=proxy.url.raw,
+                proxy_headers=proxy.headers.raw,
+                proxy_mode=proxy.mode,
+                ssl_context=ssl_context,
+                max_connections=limits.max_connections,
+                max_keepalive_connections=limits.max_keepalive_connections,
+                keepalive_expiry=limits.keepalive_expiry,
+                http2=http2,
+                backend=backend,
+            )
+
+    def __enter__(self: T) -> T:  # Use generics for subclass support.
+        self._pool.__enter__()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: typing.Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        with map_httpcore_exceptions():
+            self._pool.__exit__(exc_type, exc_value, traceback)
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes, typing.Optional[int], bytes],
+        headers: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> typing.Tuple[
+        int, typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]], SyncByteStream, dict
+    ]:
+        with map_httpcore_exceptions():
+            status_code, headers, byte_stream, extensions = self._pool.handle_request(
+                method=method,
+                url=url,
+                headers=headers,
+                stream=httpcore.IteratorByteStream(iter(stream)),
+                extensions=extensions,
+            )
+
+        stream = ResponseStream(byte_stream)
+
+        return status_code, headers, stream, extensions
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        self._pool.close()
+
+
+class AsyncResponseStream(AsyncByteStream):
+    def __init__(self, httpcore_stream: httpcore.AsyncByteStream):
+        self._httpcore_stream = httpcore_stream
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> typing.AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        with map_httpcore_exceptions():
+            async for part in self._httpcore_stream:
+                yield part
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        with map_httpcore_exceptions():
+            await self._httpcore_stream.aclose()
+
+
+class AsyncHTTPTransport(AsyncBaseTransport):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        verify: VerifyTypes = True,
+        cert: CertTypes = None,
+        http1: bool = True,
+        http2: bool = False,
+        limits: Limits = DEFAULT_LIMITS,
+        trust_env: bool = True,
+        proxy: Proxy = None,
+        uds: str = None,
+        local_address: str = None,
+        retries: int = 0,
+        backend: str = "auto",
+    ) -> None:
+        ssl_context = create_ssl_context(verify=verify, cert=cert, trust_env=trust_env)
+
+        if proxy is None:
+            self._pool = httpcore.AsyncConnectionPool(
+                ssl_context=ssl_context,
+                max_connections=limits.max_connections,
+                max_keepalive_connections=limits.max_keepalive_connections,
+                keepalive_expiry=limits.keepalive_expiry,
+                http1=http1,
+                http2=http2,
+                uds=uds,
+                local_address=local_address,
+                retries=retries,
+                backend=backend,
+            )
+        else:
+            self._pool = httpcore.AsyncHTTPProxy(
+                proxy_url=proxy.url.raw,
+                proxy_headers=proxy.headers.raw,
+                proxy_mode=proxy.mode,
+                ssl_context=ssl_context,
+                max_connections=limits.max_connections,
+                max_keepalive_connections=limits.max_keepalive_connections,
+                keepalive_expiry=limits.keepalive_expiry,
+                http2=http2,
+                backend=backend,
+            )
+
+    async def __aenter__(self: A) -> A:  # Use generics for subclass support.
+        await self._pool.__aenter__()
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: typing.Type[BaseException] = None,
+        exc_value: BaseException = None,
+        traceback: TracebackType = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        with map_httpcore_exceptions():
+            await self._pool.__aexit__(exc_type, exc_value, traceback)
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes, typing.Optional[int], bytes],
+        headers: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> typing.Tuple[
+        int, typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]], AsyncByteStream, dict
+    ]:
+        with map_httpcore_exceptions():
+            (
+                status_code,
+                headers,
+                byte_stream,
+                extensions,
+            ) = await self._pool.handle_async_request(
+                method=method,
+                url=url,
+                headers=headers,
+                stream=httpcore.AsyncIteratorByteStream(stream.__aiter__()),
+                extensions=extensions,
+            )
+
+        stream = AsyncResponseStream(byte_stream)
+
+        return status_code, headers, stream, extensions
+
+    async def aclose(self) -> None:
+        await self._pool.aclose()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/mock.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/mock.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d59b73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/mock.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import asyncio
+import typing
+
+from .._models import Request
+from .base import AsyncBaseTransport, AsyncByteStream, BaseTransport, SyncByteStream
+
+
+class MockTransport(AsyncBaseTransport, BaseTransport):
+    def __init__(self, handler: typing.Callable) -> None:
+        self.handler = handler
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes, typing.Optional[int], bytes],
+        headers: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> typing.Tuple[
+        int, typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]], SyncByteStream, dict
+    ]:
+        request = Request(
+            method=method,
+            url=url,
+            headers=headers,
+            stream=stream,
+        )
+        request.read()
+        response = self.handler(request)
+        return (
+            response.status_code,
+            response.headers.raw,
+            response.stream,
+            response.extensions,
+        )
+
+    async def handle_async_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes, typing.Optional[int], bytes],
+        headers: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
+        stream: AsyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> typing.Tuple[
+        int, typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]], AsyncByteStream, dict
+    ]:
+        request = Request(
+            method=method,
+            url=url,
+            headers=headers,
+            stream=stream,
+        )
+        await request.aread()
+
+        response = self.handler(request)
+
+        # Allow handler to *optionally* be an `async` function.
+        # If it is, then the `response` variable need to be awaited to actually
+        # return the result.
+
+        # https://simonwillison.net/2020/Sep/2/await-me-maybe/
+        if asyncio.iscoroutine(response):
+            response = await response
+
+        return (
+            response.status_code,
+            response.headers.raw,
+            response.stream,
+            response.extensions,
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/wsgi.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/wsgi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8266c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_transports/wsgi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+import io
+import itertools
+import typing
+from urllib.parse import unquote
+
+from .base import BaseTransport, SyncByteStream
+
+
+def _skip_leading_empty_chunks(body: typing.Iterable) -> typing.Iterable:
+    body = iter(body)
+    for chunk in body:
+        if chunk:
+            return itertools.chain([chunk], body)
+    return []
+
+
+class WSGIByteStream(SyncByteStream):
+    def __init__(self, result: typing.Iterable[bytes]) -> None:
+        self._result = _skip_leading_empty_chunks(result)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[bytes]:
+        for part in self._result:
+            yield part
+
+
+class WSGITransport(BaseTransport):
+    """
+    A custom transport that handles sending requests directly to an WSGI app.
+    The simplest way to use this functionality is to use the `app` argument.
+
+    ```
+    client = httpx.Client(app=app)
+    ```
+
+    Alternatively, you can setup the transport instance explicitly.
+    This allows you to include any additional configuration arguments specific
+    to the WSGITransport class:
+
+    ```
+    transport = httpx.WSGITransport(
+        app=app,
+        script_name="/submount",
+        remote_addr="1.2.3.4"
+    )
+    client = httpx.Client(transport=transport)
+    ```
+
+    Arguments:
+
+    * `app` - The ASGI application.
+    * `raise_app_exceptions` - Boolean indicating if exceptions in the application
+       should be raised. Default to `True`. Can be set to `False` for use cases
+       such as testing the content of a client 500 response.
+    * `script_name` - The root path on which the ASGI application should be mounted.
+    * `remote_addr` - A string indicating the client IP of incoming requests.
+    ```
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: typing.Callable,
+        raise_app_exceptions: bool = True,
+        script_name: str = "",
+        remote_addr: str = "127.0.0.1",
+    ) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.raise_app_exceptions = raise_app_exceptions
+        self.script_name = script_name
+        self.remote_addr = remote_addr
+
+    def handle_request(
+        self,
+        method: bytes,
+        url: typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes, typing.Optional[int], bytes],
+        headers: typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
+        stream: SyncByteStream,
+        extensions: dict,
+    ) -> typing.Tuple[
+        int, typing.List[typing.Tuple[bytes, bytes]], SyncByteStream, dict
+    ]:
+        wsgi_input = io.BytesIO(b"".join(stream))
+
+        scheme, host, port, full_path = url
+        path, _, query = full_path.partition(b"?")
+        if port is None:
+            port = {b"http": 80, b"https": 443}[scheme]
+
+        environ = {
+            "wsgi.version": (1, 0),
+            "wsgi.url_scheme": scheme.decode("ascii"),
+            "wsgi.input": wsgi_input,
+            "wsgi.errors": io.BytesIO(),
+            "wsgi.multithread": True,
+            "wsgi.multiprocess": False,
+            "wsgi.run_once": False,
+            "REQUEST_METHOD": method.decode(),
+            "SCRIPT_NAME": self.script_name,
+            "PATH_INFO": unquote(path.decode("ascii")),
+            "QUERY_STRING": query.decode("ascii"),
+            "SERVER_NAME": host.decode("ascii"),
+            "SERVER_PORT": str(port),
+            "REMOTE_ADDR": self.remote_addr,
+        }
+        for header_key, header_value in headers:
+            key = header_key.decode("ascii").upper().replace("-", "_")
+            if key not in ("CONTENT_TYPE", "CONTENT_LENGTH"):
+                key = "HTTP_" + key
+            environ[key] = header_value.decode("ascii")
+
+        seen_status = None
+        seen_response_headers = None
+        seen_exc_info = None
+
+        def start_response(
+            status: str, response_headers: list, exc_info: typing.Any = None
+        ) -> None:
+            nonlocal seen_status, seen_response_headers, seen_exc_info
+            seen_status = status
+            seen_response_headers = response_headers
+            seen_exc_info = exc_info
+
+        result = self.app(environ, start_response)
+
+        stream = WSGIByteStream(result)
+
+        assert seen_status is not None
+        assert seen_response_headers is not None
+        if seen_exc_info and self.raise_app_exceptions:
+            raise seen_exc_info[1]
+
+        status_code = int(seen_status.split()[0])
+        headers = [
+            (key.encode("ascii"), value.encode("ascii"))
+            for key, value in seen_response_headers
+        ]
+        extensions = {}
+
+        return (status_code, headers, stream, extensions)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_types.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75bb900
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+"""
+Type definitions for type checking purposes.
+"""
+
+import ssl
+from http.cookiejar import CookieJar
+from typing import (
+    IO,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    AsyncIterable,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
+    from ._auth import Auth  # noqa: F401
+    from ._config import Proxy, Timeout  # noqa: F401
+    from ._models import URL, Cookies, Headers, QueryParams, Request  # noqa: F401
+
+
+PrimitiveData = Optional[Union[str, int, float, bool]]
+
+RawURL = Tuple[bytes, bytes, Optional[int], bytes]
+
+URLTypes = Union["URL", str]
+
+QueryParamTypes = Union[
+    "QueryParams",
+    Mapping[str, Union[PrimitiveData, Sequence[PrimitiveData]]],
+    List[Tuple[str, PrimitiveData]],
+    Tuple[Tuple[str, PrimitiveData], ...],
+    str,
+    bytes,
+    None,
+]
+
+HeaderTypes = Union[
+    "Headers",
+    Dict[str, str],
+    Dict[bytes, bytes],
+    Sequence[Tuple[str, str]],
+    Sequence[Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
+]
+
+CookieTypes = Union["Cookies", CookieJar, Dict[str, str], List[Tuple[str, str]]]
+
+CertTypes = Union[
+    # certfile
+    str,
+    # (certfile, keyfile)
+    Tuple[str, Optional[str]],
+    # (certfile, keyfile, password)
+    Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]],
+]
+VerifyTypes = Union[str, bool, ssl.SSLContext]
+TimeoutTypes = Union[
+    Optional[float],
+    Tuple[Optional[float], Optional[float], Optional[float], Optional[float]],
+    "Timeout",
+]
+ProxiesTypes = Union[URLTypes, "Proxy", Dict[URLTypes, Union[None, URLTypes, "Proxy"]]]
+
+AuthTypes = Union[
+    Tuple[Union[str, bytes], Union[str, bytes]],
+    Callable[["Request"], "Request"],
+    "Auth",
+    None,
+]
+
+RequestContent = Union[str, bytes, Iterable[bytes], AsyncIterable[bytes]]
+ResponseContent = Union[str, bytes, Iterable[bytes], AsyncIterable[bytes]]
+
+RequestData = dict
+
+FileContent = Union[IO[str], IO[bytes], str, bytes]
+FileTypes = Union[
+    # file (or text)
+    FileContent,
+    # (filename, file (or text))
+    Tuple[Optional[str], FileContent],
+    # (filename, file (or text), content_type)
+    Tuple[Optional[str], FileContent, Optional[str]],
+]
+RequestFiles = Union[Mapping[str, FileTypes], Sequence[Tuple[str, FileTypes]]]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30ab2ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+import codecs
+import logging
+import mimetypes
+import netrc
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import time
+import typing
+from pathlib import Path
+from urllib.request import getproxies
+
+import sniffio
+
+from ._types import PrimitiveData
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
+    from ._models import URL
+
+
+_HTML5_FORM_ENCODING_REPLACEMENTS = {'"': "%22", "\\": "\\\\"}
+_HTML5_FORM_ENCODING_REPLACEMENTS.update(
+    {chr(c): "%{:02X}".format(c) for c in range(0x00, 0x1F + 1) if c != 0x1B}
+)
+_HTML5_FORM_ENCODING_RE = re.compile(
+    r"|".join([re.escape(c) for c in _HTML5_FORM_ENCODING_REPLACEMENTS.keys()])
+)
+
+
+def normalize_header_key(
+    value: typing.Union[str, bytes],
+    lower: bool,
+    encoding: str = None,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Coerce str/bytes into a strictly byte-wise HTTP header key.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, bytes):
+        bytes_value = value
+    else:
+        bytes_value = value.encode(encoding or "ascii")
+
+    return bytes_value.lower() if lower else bytes_value
+
+
+def normalize_header_value(
+    value: typing.Union[str, bytes], encoding: str = None
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Coerce str/bytes into a strictly byte-wise HTTP header value.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, bytes):
+        return value
+    return value.encode(encoding or "ascii")
+
+
+def primitive_value_to_str(value: "PrimitiveData") -> str:
+    """
+    Coerce a primitive data type into a string value.
+
+    Note that we prefer JSON-style 'true'/'false' for boolean values here.
+    """
+    if value is True:
+        return "true"
+    elif value is False:
+        return "false"
+    elif value is None:
+        return ""
+    return str(value)
+
+
+def is_known_encoding(encoding: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    Return `True` if `encoding` is a known codec.
+    """
+    try:
+        codecs.lookup(encoding)
+    except LookupError:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def format_form_param(name: str, value: typing.Union[str, bytes]) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Encode a name/value pair within a multipart form.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, bytes):
+        value = value.decode()
+
+    def replacer(match: typing.Match[str]) -> str:
+        return _HTML5_FORM_ENCODING_REPLACEMENTS[match.group(0)]
+
+    value = _HTML5_FORM_ENCODING_RE.sub(replacer, value)
+    return f'{name}="{value}"'.encode()
+
+
+# Null bytes; no need to recreate these on each call to guess_json_utf
+_null = b"\x00"
+_null2 = _null * 2
+_null3 = _null * 3
+
+
+def guess_json_utf(data: bytes) -> typing.Optional[str]:
+    # JSON always starts with two ASCII characters, so detection is as
+    # easy as counting the nulls and from their location and count
+    # determine the encoding. Also detect a BOM, if present.
+    sample = data[:4]
+    if sample in (codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE, codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE):
+        return "utf-32"  # BOM included
+    if sample[:3] == codecs.BOM_UTF8:
+        return "utf-8-sig"  # BOM included, MS style (discouraged)
+    if sample[:2] in (codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE, codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE):
+        return "utf-16"  # BOM included
+    nullcount = sample.count(_null)
+    if nullcount == 0:
+        return "utf-8"
+    if nullcount == 2:
+        if sample[::2] == _null2:  # 1st and 3rd are null
+            return "utf-16-be"
+        if sample[1::2] == _null2:  # 2nd and 4th are null
+            return "utf-16-le"
+        # Did not detect 2 valid UTF-16 ascii-range characters
+    if nullcount == 3:
+        if sample[:3] == _null3:
+            return "utf-32-be"
+        if sample[1:] == _null3:
+            return "utf-32-le"
+        # Did not detect a valid UTF-32 ascii-range character
+    return None
+
+
+class NetRCInfo:
+    def __init__(self, files: typing.Optional[typing.List[str]] = None) -> None:
+        if files is None:
+            files = [os.getenv("NETRC", ""), "~/.netrc", "~/_netrc"]
+        self.netrc_files = files
+
+    @property
+    def netrc_info(self) -> typing.Optional[netrc.netrc]:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_netrc_info"):
+            self._netrc_info = None
+            for file_path in self.netrc_files:
+                expanded_path = Path(file_path).expanduser()
+                try:
+                    if expanded_path.is_file():
+                        self._netrc_info = netrc.netrc(str(expanded_path))
+                        break
+                except (netrc.NetrcParseError, IOError):  # pragma: nocover
+                    # Issue while reading the netrc file, ignore...
+                    pass
+        return self._netrc_info
+
+    def get_credentials(self, host: str) -> typing.Optional[typing.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        if self.netrc_info is None:
+            return None
+
+        auth_info = self.netrc_info.authenticators(host)
+        if auth_info is None or auth_info[2] is None:
+            return None
+        return (auth_info[0], auth_info[2])
+
+
+def get_ca_bundle_from_env() -> typing.Optional[str]:
+    if "SSL_CERT_FILE" in os.environ:
+        ssl_file = Path(os.environ["SSL_CERT_FILE"])
+        if ssl_file.is_file():
+            return str(ssl_file)
+    if "SSL_CERT_DIR" in os.environ:
+        ssl_path = Path(os.environ["SSL_CERT_DIR"])
+        if ssl_path.is_dir():
+            return str(ssl_path)
+    return None
+
+
+def parse_header_links(value: str) -> typing.List[typing.Dict[str, str]]:
+    """
+    Returns a list of parsed link headers, for more info see:
+    https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Link
+    The generic syntax of those is:
+    Link: < uri-reference >; param1=value1; param2="value2"
+    So for instance:
+    Link; '<http:/.../front.jpeg>; type="image/jpeg",<http://.../back.jpeg>;'
+    would return
+        [
+            {"url": "http:/.../front.jpeg", "type": "image/jpeg"},
+            {"url": "http://.../back.jpeg"},
+        ]
+    :param value: HTTP Link entity-header field
+    :return: list of parsed link headers
+    """
+    links: typing.List[typing.Dict[str, str]] = []
+    replace_chars = " '\""
+    value = value.strip(replace_chars)
+    if not value:
+        return links
+    for val in re.split(", *<", value):
+        try:
+            url, params = val.split(";", 1)
+        except ValueError:
+            url, params = val, ""
+        link = {"url": url.strip("<> '\"")}
+        for param in params.split(";"):
+            try:
+                key, value = param.split("=")
+            except ValueError:
+                break
+            link[key.strip(replace_chars)] = value.strip(replace_chars)
+        links.append(link)
+    return links
+
+
+SENSITIVE_HEADERS = {"authorization", "proxy-authorization"}
+
+
+def obfuscate_sensitive_headers(
+    items: typing.Iterable[typing.Tuple[typing.AnyStr, typing.AnyStr]]
+) -> typing.Iterator[typing.Tuple[typing.AnyStr, typing.AnyStr]]:
+    for k, v in items:
+        if to_str(k.lower()) in SENSITIVE_HEADERS:
+            v = to_bytes_or_str("[secure]", match_type_of=v)
+        yield k, v
+
+
+_LOGGER_INITIALIZED = False
+TRACE_LOG_LEVEL = 5
+
+
+class Logger(logging.Logger):
+    # Stub for type checkers.
+    def trace(self, message: str, *args: typing.Any, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        ...  # pragma: nocover
+
+
+def get_logger(name: str) -> Logger:
+    """
+    Get a `logging.Logger` instance, and optionally
+    set up debug logging based on the HTTPX_LOG_LEVEL environment variable.
+    """
+    global _LOGGER_INITIALIZED
+
+    if not _LOGGER_INITIALIZED:
+        _LOGGER_INITIALIZED = True
+        logging.addLevelName(TRACE_LOG_LEVEL, "TRACE")
+
+        log_level = os.environ.get("HTTPX_LOG_LEVEL", "").upper()
+        if log_level in ("DEBUG", "TRACE"):
+            logger = logging.getLogger("httpx")
+            logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG if log_level == "DEBUG" else TRACE_LOG_LEVEL)
+            handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
+            handler.setFormatter(
+                logging.Formatter(
+                    fmt="%(levelname)s [%(asctime)s] %(name)s - %(message)s",
+                    datefmt="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
+                )
+            )
+            logger.addHandler(handler)
+
+    logger = logging.getLogger(name)
+
+    def trace(message: str, *args: typing.Any, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        logger.log(TRACE_LOG_LEVEL, message, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    logger.trace = trace  # type: ignore
+
+    return typing.cast(Logger, logger)
+
+
+def port_or_default(url: "URL") -> typing.Optional[int]:
+    if url.port is not None:
+        return url.port
+    return {"http": 80, "https": 443}.get(url.scheme)
+
+
+def same_origin(url: "URL", other: "URL") -> bool:
+    """
+    Return 'True' if the given URLs share the same origin.
+    """
+    return (
+        url.scheme == other.scheme
+        and url.host == other.host
+        and port_or_default(url) == port_or_default(other)
+    )
+
+
+def get_environment_proxies() -> typing.Dict[str, typing.Optional[str]]:
+    """Gets proxy information from the environment"""
+
+    # urllib.request.getproxies() falls back on System
+    # Registry and Config for proxies on Windows and macOS.
+    # We don't want to propagate non-HTTP proxies into
+    # our configuration such as 'TRAVIS_APT_PROXY'.
+    proxy_info = getproxies()
+    mounts: typing.Dict[str, typing.Optional[str]] = {}
+
+    for scheme in ("http", "https", "all"):
+        if proxy_info.get(scheme):
+            hostname = proxy_info[scheme]
+            mounts[f"{scheme}://"] = (
+                hostname if "://" in hostname else f"http://{hostname}"
+            )
+
+    no_proxy_hosts = [host.strip() for host in proxy_info.get("no", "").split(",")]
+    for hostname in no_proxy_hosts:
+        # See https://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/CURLOPT_NOPROXY.html for details
+        # on how names in `NO_PROXY` are handled.
+        if hostname == "*":
+            # If NO_PROXY=* is used or if "*" occurs as any one of the comma
+            # seperated hostnames, then we should just bypass any information
+            # from HTTP_PROXY, HTTPS_PROXY, ALL_PROXY, and always ignore
+            # proxies.
+            return {}
+        elif hostname:
+            # NO_PROXY=.google.com is marked as "all://*.google.com,
+            #   which disables "www.google.com" but not "google.com"
+            # NO_PROXY=google.com is marked as "all://*google.com,
+            #   which disables "www.google.com" and "google.com".
+            #   (But not "wwwgoogle.com")
+            mounts[f"all://*{hostname}"] = None
+
+    return mounts
+
+
+def to_bytes(value: typing.Union[str, bytes], encoding: str = "utf-8") -> bytes:
+    return value.encode(encoding) if isinstance(value, str) else value
+
+
+def to_str(value: typing.Union[str, bytes], encoding: str = "utf-8") -> str:
+    return value if isinstance(value, str) else value.decode(encoding)
+
+
+def to_bytes_or_str(value: str, match_type_of: typing.AnyStr) -> typing.AnyStr:
+    return value if isinstance(match_type_of, str) else value.encode()
+
+
+def unquote(value: str) -> str:
+    return value[1:-1] if value[0] == value[-1] == '"' else value
+
+
+def guess_content_type(filename: typing.Optional[str]) -> typing.Optional[str]:
+    if filename:
+        return mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or "application/octet-stream"
+    return None
+
+
+def peek_filelike_length(stream: typing.Any) -> typing.Optional[int]:
+    """
+    Given a file-like stream object, return its length in number of bytes
+    without reading it into memory.
+    """
+    try:
+        # Is it an actual file?
+        fd = stream.fileno()
+        # Yup, seems to be an actual file.
+        length = os.fstat(fd).st_size
+    except (AttributeError, OSError):
+        # No... Maybe it's something that supports random access, like `io.BytesIO`?
+        try:
+            # Assuming so, go to end of stream to figure out its length,
+            # then put it back in place.
+            offset = stream.tell()
+            length = stream.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
+            stream.seek(offset)
+        except (AttributeError, OSError):
+            # Not even that? Sorry, we're doomed...
+            return None
+
+    return length
+
+
+class Timer:
+    async def _get_time(self) -> float:
+        library = sniffio.current_async_library()
+        if library == "trio":
+            import trio
+
+            return trio.current_time()
+        elif library == "curio":  # pragma: nocover
+            import curio
+
+            return await curio.clock()
+
+        import asyncio
+
+        return asyncio.get_event_loop().time()
+
+    def sync_start(self) -> None:
+        self.started = time.perf_counter()
+
+    async def async_start(self) -> None:
+        self.started = await self._get_time()
+
+    def sync_elapsed(self) -> float:
+        now = time.perf_counter()
+        return now - self.started
+
+    async def async_elapsed(self) -> float:
+        now = await self._get_time()
+        return now - self.started
+
+
+class URLPattern:
+    """
+    A utility class currently used for making lookups against proxy keys...
+
+    # Wildcard matching...
+    >>> pattern = URLPattern("all")
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("http://example.com"))
+    True
+
+    # Witch scheme matching...
+    >>> pattern = URLPattern("https")
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("https://example.com"))
+    True
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("http://example.com"))
+    False
+
+    # With domain matching...
+    >>> pattern = URLPattern("https://example.com")
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("https://example.com"))
+    True
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("http://example.com"))
+    False
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("https://other.com"))
+    False
+
+    # Wildcard scheme, with domain matching...
+    >>> pattern = URLPattern("all://example.com")
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("https://example.com"))
+    True
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("http://example.com"))
+    True
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("https://other.com"))
+    False
+
+    # With port matching...
+    >>> pattern = URLPattern("https://example.com:1234")
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("https://example.com:1234"))
+    True
+    >>> pattern.matches(httpx.URL("https://example.com"))
+    False
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, pattern: str) -> None:
+        from ._models import URL
+
+        if pattern and ":" not in pattern:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Proxy keys should use proper URL forms rather "
+                f"than plain scheme strings. "
+                f'Instead of "{pattern}", use "{pattern}://"'
+            )
+
+        url = URL(pattern)
+        self.pattern = pattern
+        self.scheme = "" if url.scheme == "all" else url.scheme
+        self.host = "" if url.host == "*" else url.host
+        self.port = url.port
+        if not url.host or url.host == "*":
+            self.host_regex: typing.Optional[typing.Pattern[str]] = None
+        else:
+            if url.host.startswith("*."):
+                # *.example.com should match "www.example.com", but not "example.com"
+                domain = re.escape(url.host[2:])
+                self.host_regex = re.compile(f"^.+\\.{domain}$")
+            elif url.host.startswith("*"):
+                # *example.com should match "www.example.com" and "example.com"
+                domain = re.escape(url.host[1:])
+                self.host_regex = re.compile(f"^(.+\\.)?{domain}$")
+            else:
+                # example.com should match "example.com" but not "www.example.com"
+                domain = re.escape(url.host)
+                self.host_regex = re.compile(f"^{domain}$")
+
+    def matches(self, other: "URL") -> bool:
+        if self.scheme and self.scheme != other.scheme:
+            return False
+        if (
+            self.host
+            and self.host_regex is not None
+            and not self.host_regex.match(other.host)
+        ):
+            return False
+        if self.port is not None and self.port != other.port:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    @property
+    def priority(self) -> tuple:
+        """
+        The priority allows URLPattern instances to be sortable, so that
+        we can match from most specific to least specific.
+        """
+        # URLs with a port should take priority over URLs without a port.
+        port_priority = 0 if self.port is not None else 1
+        # Longer hostnames should match first.
+        host_priority = -len(self.host)
+        # Longer schemes should match first.
+        scheme_priority = -len(self.scheme)
+        return (port_priority, host_priority, scheme_priority)
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self.pattern)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: "URLPattern") -> bool:
+        return self.priority < other.priority
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: typing.Any) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, URLPattern) and self.pattern == other.pattern
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/httpx/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/LICENSE.md b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/LICENSE.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6f8732
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/LICENSE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+BSD 3-Clause License
+
+Copyright (c) 2013-2021, Kim Davies
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+   this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6446805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: idna
+Version: 3.3
+Summary: Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)
+Home-page: https://github.com/kjd/idna
+Author: Kim Davies
+Author-email: kim@cynosure.com.au
+License: BSD-3-Clause
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: System Administrators
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: Name Service (DNS)
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Topic :: Utilities
+Requires-Python: >=3.5
+License-File: LICENSE.md
+
+Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)
+=====================================================
+
+Support for the Internationalised Domain Names in Applications
+(IDNA) protocol as specified in `RFC 5891 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891>`_.
+This is the latest version of the protocol and is sometimes referred to as
+“IDNA 2008”.
+
+This library also provides support for Unicode Technical Standard 46,
+`Unicode IDNA Compatibility Processing <https://unicode.org/reports/tr46/>`_.
+
+This acts as a suitable replacement for the “encodings.idna” module that
+comes with the Python standard library, but which only supports the
+older superseded IDNA specification (`RFC 3490 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3490>`_).
+
+Basic functions are simply executed:
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+    >>> import idna
+    >>> idna.encode('ドメイン.テスト')
+    b'xn--eckwd4c7c.xn--zckzah'
+    >>> print(idna.decode('xn--eckwd4c7c.xn--zckzah'))
+    ドメイン.テスト
+
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+To install this library, you can use pip:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ pip install idna
+
+Alternatively, you can install the package using the bundled setup script:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ python setup.py install
+
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+For typical usage, the ``encode`` and ``decode`` functions will take a domain
+name argument and perform a conversion to A-labels or U-labels respectively.
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+    >>> import idna
+    >>> idna.encode('ドメイン.テスト')
+    b'xn--eckwd4c7c.xn--zckzah'
+    >>> print(idna.decode('xn--eckwd4c7c.xn--zckzah'))
+    ドメイン.テスト
+
+You may use the codec encoding and decoding methods using the
+``idna.codec`` module:
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+    >>> import idna.codec
+    >>> print('домен.испытание'.encode('idna'))
+    b'xn--d1acufc.xn--80akhbyknj4f'
+    >>> print(b'xn--d1acufc.xn--80akhbyknj4f'.decode('idna'))
+    домен.испытание
+
+Conversions can be applied at a per-label basis using the ``ulabel`` or ``alabel``
+functions if necessary:
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+    >>> idna.alabel('测试')
+    b'xn--0zwm56d'
+
+Compatibility Mapping (UTS #46)
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+As described in `RFC 5895 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5895>`_, the IDNA
+specification does not normalize input from different potential ways a user
+may input a domain name. This functionality, known as a “mapping”, is 
+considered by the specification to be a local user-interface issue distinct
+from IDNA conversion functionality.
+
+This library provides one such mapping, that was developed by the Unicode
+Consortium. Known as `Unicode IDNA Compatibility Processing <https://unicode.org/reports/tr46/>`_,
+it provides for both a regular mapping for typical applications, as well as
+a transitional mapping to help migrate from older IDNA 2003 applications.
+
+For example, “Königsgäßchen” is not a permissible label as *LATIN CAPITAL
+LETTER K* is not allowed (nor are capital letters in general). UTS 46 will
+convert this into lower case prior to applying the IDNA conversion.
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+    >>> import idna
+    >>> idna.encode('Königsgäßchen')
+    ...
+    idna.core.InvalidCodepoint: Codepoint U+004B at position 1 of 'Königsgäßchen' not allowed
+    >>> idna.encode('Königsgäßchen', uts46=True)
+    b'xn--knigsgchen-b4a3dun'
+    >>> print(idna.decode('xn--knigsgchen-b4a3dun'))
+    königsgäßchen
+
+Transitional processing provides conversions to help transition from the older
+2003 standard to the current standard. For example, in the original IDNA
+specification, the *LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S* (ß) was converted into two
+*LATIN SMALL LETTER S* (ss), whereas in the current IDNA specification this
+conversion is not performed.
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+    >>> idna.encode('Königsgäßchen', uts46=True, transitional=True)
+    'xn--knigsgsschen-lcb0w'
+
+Implementors should use transitional processing with caution, only in rare
+cases where conversion from legacy labels to current labels must be performed
+(i.e. IDNA implementations that pre-date 2008). For typical applications
+that just need to convert labels, transitional processing is unlikely to be
+beneficial and could produce unexpected incompatible results.
+
+``encodings.idna`` Compatibility
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+Function calls from the Python built-in ``encodings.idna`` module are
+mapped to their IDNA 2008 equivalents using the ``idna.compat`` module.
+Simply substitute the ``import`` clause in your code to refer to the
+new module name.
+
+Exceptions
+----------
+
+All errors raised during the conversion following the specification should
+raise an exception derived from the ``idna.IDNAError`` base class.
+
+More specific exceptions that may be generated as ``idna.IDNABidiError``
+when the error reflects an illegal combination of left-to-right and
+right-to-left characters in a label; ``idna.InvalidCodepoint`` when
+a specific codepoint is an illegal character in an IDN label (i.e.
+INVALID); and ``idna.InvalidCodepointContext`` when the codepoint is
+illegal based on its positional context (i.e. it is CONTEXTO or CONTEXTJ
+but the contextual requirements are not satisfied.)
+
+Building and Diagnostics
+------------------------
+
+The IDNA and UTS 46 functionality relies upon pre-calculated lookup
+tables for performance. These tables are derived from computing against
+eligibility criteria in the respective standards. These tables are
+computed using the command-line script ``tools/idna-data``.
+
+This tool will fetch relevant codepoint data from the Unicode repository 
+and perform the required calculations to identify eligibility. There are 
+three main modes:
+
+* ``idna-data make-libdata``. Generates ``idnadata.py`` and ``uts46data.py``,
+  the pre-calculated lookup tables using for IDNA and UTS 46 conversions. Implementors
+  who wish to track this library against a different Unicode version may use this tool
+  to manually generate a different version of the ``idnadata.py`` and ``uts46data.py``
+  files.
+
+* ``idna-data make-table``. Generate a table of the IDNA disposition
+  (e.g. PVALID, CONTEXTJ, CONTEXTO) in the format found in Appendix B.1 of RFC
+  5892 and the pre-computed tables published by `IANA <https://www.iana.org/>`_.
+
+* ``idna-data U+0061``. Prints debugging output on the various properties
+  associated with an individual Unicode codepoint (in this case, U+0061), that are
+  used to assess the IDNA and UTS 46 status of a codepoint. This is helpful in debugging
+  or analysis.
+
+The tool accepts a number of arguments, described using ``idna-data -h``. Most notably,
+the ``--version`` argument allows the specification of the version of Unicode to use
+in computing the table data. For example, ``idna-data --version 9.0.0 make-libdata``
+will generate library data against Unicode 9.0.0.
+
+
+Additional Notes
+----------------
+
+* **Packages**. The latest tagged release version is published in the
+  `Python Package Index <https://pypi.org/project/idna/>`_.
+
+* **Version support**. This library supports Python 3.5 and higher. As this library
+  serves as a low-level toolkit for a variety of applications, many of which strive
+  for broad compatibility with older Python versions, there is no rush to remove
+  older intepreter support. Removing support for older versions should be well
+  justified in that the maintenance burden has become too high.
+
+* **Python 2**. Python 2 is supported by version 2.x of this library. While active
+  development of the version 2.x series has ended, notable issues being corrected
+  may be backported to 2.x. Use "idna<3" in your requirements file if you need this
+  library for a Python 2 application.
+
+* **Testing**. The library has a test suite based on each rule of the IDNA specification, as
+  well as tests that are provided as part of the Unicode Technical Standard 46,
+  `Unicode IDNA Compatibility Processing <https://unicode.org/reports/tr46/>`_.
+
+* **Emoji**. It is an occasional request to support emoji domains in this library. Encoding
+  of symbols like emoji is expressly prohibited by the technical standard IDNA 2008 and
+  emoji domains are broadly phased out across the domain industry due to associated security
+  risks. For now, applications that wish need to support these non-compliant labels may
+  wish to consider trying the encode/decode operation in this library first, and then falling
+  back to using `encodings.idna`. See `the Github project <https://github.com/kjd/idna/issues/18>`_
+  for more discussion.
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c9f0dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+idna-3.3.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+idna-3.3.dist-info/LICENSE.md,sha256=otbk2UC9JNvnuWRc3hmpeSzFHbeuDVrNMBrIYMqj6DY,1523
+idna-3.3.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=BdqiAf8ou4x1nzIHp2_sDfXWjl7BrSUGpOeVzbYHQuQ,9765
+idna-3.3.dist-info/RECORD,,
+idna-3.3.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ewwEueio1C2XeHTvT17n8dZUJgOvyCWCt0WVNLClP9o,92
+idna-3.3.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=jSag9sEDqvSPftxOQy-ABfGV_RSy7oFh4zZJpODV8k0,5
+idna/__init__.py,sha256=KJQN1eQBr8iIK5SKrJ47lXvxG0BJ7Lm38W4zT0v_8lk,849
+idna/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+idna/__pycache__/codec.cpython-39.pyc,,
+idna/__pycache__/compat.cpython-39.pyc,,
+idna/__pycache__/core.cpython-39.pyc,,
+idna/__pycache__/idnadata.cpython-39.pyc,,
+idna/__pycache__/intranges.cpython-39.pyc,,
+idna/__pycache__/package_data.cpython-39.pyc,,
+idna/__pycache__/uts46data.cpython-39.pyc,,
+idna/codec.py,sha256=6ly5odKfqrytKT9_7UrlGklHnf1DSK2r9C6cSM4sa28,3374
+idna/compat.py,sha256=0_sOEUMT4CVw9doD3vyRhX80X19PwqFoUBs7gWsFME4,321
+idna/core.py,sha256=RFIkY-HhFZaDoBEFjGwyGd_vWI04uOAQjnzueMWqwOU,12795
+idna/idnadata.py,sha256=fzMzkCea2xieVxcrjngJ-2pLsKQNejPCZFlBajIuQdw,44025
+idna/intranges.py,sha256=YBr4fRYuWH7kTKS2tXlFjM24ZF1Pdvcir-aywniInqg,1881
+idna/package_data.py,sha256=szxQhV0ZD0nKJ84Kuobw3l8q4_KeCyXjFRdpwIpKZmw,21
+idna/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+idna/uts46data.py,sha256=o-D7V-a0fOLZNd7tvxof6MYfUd0TBZzE2bLR5XO67xU,204400
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c40472e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-3.3.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+idna
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a40eeaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+from .package_data import __version__
+from .core import (
+    IDNABidiError,
+    IDNAError,
+    InvalidCodepoint,
+    InvalidCodepointContext,
+    alabel,
+    check_bidi,
+    check_hyphen_ok,
+    check_initial_combiner,
+    check_label,
+    check_nfc,
+    decode,
+    encode,
+    ulabel,
+    uts46_remap,
+    valid_contextj,
+    valid_contexto,
+    valid_label_length,
+    valid_string_length,
+)
+from .intranges import intranges_contain
+
+__all__ = [
+    "IDNABidiError",
+    "IDNAError",
+    "InvalidCodepoint",
+    "InvalidCodepointContext",
+    "alabel",
+    "check_bidi",
+    "check_hyphen_ok",
+    "check_initial_combiner",
+    "check_label",
+    "check_nfc",
+    "decode",
+    "encode",
+    "intranges_contain",
+    "ulabel",
+    "uts46_remap",
+    "valid_contextj",
+    "valid_contexto",
+    "valid_label_length",
+    "valid_string_length",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/codec.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/codec.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ca9ba6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/codec.py
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+from .core import encode, decode, alabel, ulabel, IDNAError
+import codecs
+import re
+from typing import Tuple, Optional
+
+_unicode_dots_re = re.compile('[\u002e\u3002\uff0e\uff61]')
+
+class Codec(codecs.Codec):
+
+    def encode(self, data: str, errors: str = 'strict') -> Tuple[bytes, int]:
+        if errors != 'strict':
+            raise IDNAError('Unsupported error handling \"{}\"'.format(errors))
+
+        if not data:
+            return b"", 0
+
+        return encode(data), len(data)
+
+    def decode(self, data: bytes, errors: str = 'strict') -> Tuple[str, int]:
+        if errors != 'strict':
+            raise IDNAError('Unsupported error handling \"{}\"'.format(errors))
+
+        if not data:
+            return '', 0
+
+        return decode(data), len(data)
+
+class IncrementalEncoder(codecs.BufferedIncrementalEncoder):
+    def _buffer_encode(self, data: str, errors: str, final: bool) -> Tuple[str, int]:  # type: ignore
+        if errors != 'strict':
+            raise IDNAError('Unsupported error handling \"{}\"'.format(errors))
+
+        if not data:
+            return "", 0
+
+        labels = _unicode_dots_re.split(data)
+        trailing_dot = ''
+        if labels:
+            if not labels[-1]:
+                trailing_dot = '.'
+                del labels[-1]
+            elif not final:
+                # Keep potentially unfinished label until the next call
+                del labels[-1]
+                if labels:
+                    trailing_dot = '.'
+
+        result = []
+        size = 0
+        for label in labels:
+            result.append(alabel(label))
+            if size:
+                size += 1
+            size += len(label)
+
+        # Join with U+002E
+        result_str = '.'.join(result) + trailing_dot  # type: ignore
+        size += len(trailing_dot)
+        return result_str, size
+
+class IncrementalDecoder(codecs.BufferedIncrementalDecoder):
+    def _buffer_decode(self, data: str, errors: str, final: bool) -> Tuple[str, int]:  # type: ignore
+        if errors != 'strict':
+            raise IDNAError('Unsupported error handling \"{}\"'.format(errors))
+
+        if not data:
+            return ('', 0)
+
+        labels = _unicode_dots_re.split(data)
+        trailing_dot = ''
+        if labels:
+            if not labels[-1]:
+                trailing_dot = '.'
+                del labels[-1]
+            elif not final:
+                # Keep potentially unfinished label until the next call
+                del labels[-1]
+                if labels:
+                    trailing_dot = '.'
+
+        result = []
+        size = 0
+        for label in labels:
+            result.append(ulabel(label))
+            if size:
+                size += 1
+            size += len(label)
+
+        result_str = '.'.join(result) + trailing_dot
+        size += len(trailing_dot)
+        return (result_str, size)
+
+
+class StreamWriter(Codec, codecs.StreamWriter):
+    pass
+
+
+class StreamReader(Codec, codecs.StreamReader):
+    pass
+
+
+def getregentry() -> codecs.CodecInfo:
+    # Compatibility as a search_function for codecs.register()
+    return codecs.CodecInfo(
+        name='idna',
+        encode=Codec().encode,  # type: ignore
+        decode=Codec().decode,  # type: ignore
+        incrementalencoder=IncrementalEncoder,
+        incrementaldecoder=IncrementalDecoder,
+        streamwriter=StreamWriter,
+        streamreader=StreamReader,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..786e6bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from .core import *
+from .codec import *
+from typing import Any, Union
+
+def ToASCII(label: str) -> bytes:
+    return encode(label)
+
+def ToUnicode(label: Union[bytes, bytearray]) -> str:
+    return decode(label)
+
+def nameprep(s: Any) -> None:
+    raise NotImplementedError('IDNA 2008 does not utilise nameprep protocol')
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55ab967
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+from . import idnadata
+import bisect
+import unicodedata
+import re
+from typing import Union, Optional
+from .intranges import intranges_contain
+
+_virama_combining_class = 9
+_alabel_prefix = b'xn--'
+_unicode_dots_re = re.compile('[\u002e\u3002\uff0e\uff61]')
+
+class IDNAError(UnicodeError):
+    """ Base exception for all IDNA-encoding related problems """
+    pass
+
+
+class IDNABidiError(IDNAError):
+    """ Exception when bidirectional requirements are not satisfied """
+    pass
+
+
+class InvalidCodepoint(IDNAError):
+    """ Exception when a disallowed or unallocated codepoint is used """
+    pass
+
+
+class InvalidCodepointContext(IDNAError):
+    """ Exception when the codepoint is not valid in the context it is used """
+    pass
+
+
+def _combining_class(cp: int) -> int:
+    v = unicodedata.combining(chr(cp))
+    if v == 0:
+        if not unicodedata.name(chr(cp)):
+            raise ValueError('Unknown character in unicodedata')
+    return v
+
+def _is_script(cp: str, script: str) -> bool:
+    return intranges_contain(ord(cp), idnadata.scripts[script])
+
+def _punycode(s: str) -> bytes:
+    return s.encode('punycode')
+
+def _unot(s: int) -> str:
+    return 'U+{:04X}'.format(s)
+
+
+def valid_label_length(label: Union[bytes, str]) -> bool:
+    if len(label) > 63:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def valid_string_length(label: Union[bytes, str], trailing_dot: bool) -> bool:
+    if len(label) > (254 if trailing_dot else 253):
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def check_bidi(label: str, check_ltr: bool = False) -> bool:
+    # Bidi rules should only be applied if string contains RTL characters
+    bidi_label = False
+    for (idx, cp) in enumerate(label, 1):
+        direction = unicodedata.bidirectional(cp)
+        if direction == '':
+            # String likely comes from a newer version of Unicode
+            raise IDNABidiError('Unknown directionality in label {} at position {}'.format(repr(label), idx))
+        if direction in ['R', 'AL', 'AN']:
+            bidi_label = True
+    if not bidi_label and not check_ltr:
+        return True
+
+    # Bidi rule 1
+    direction = unicodedata.bidirectional(label[0])
+    if direction in ['R', 'AL']:
+        rtl = True
+    elif direction == 'L':
+        rtl = False
+    else:
+        raise IDNABidiError('First codepoint in label {} must be directionality L, R or AL'.format(repr(label)))
+
+    valid_ending = False
+    number_type = None  # type: Optional[str]
+    for (idx, cp) in enumerate(label, 1):
+        direction = unicodedata.bidirectional(cp)
+
+        if rtl:
+            # Bidi rule 2
+            if not direction in ['R', 'AL', 'AN', 'EN', 'ES', 'CS', 'ET', 'ON', 'BN', 'NSM']:
+                raise IDNABidiError('Invalid direction for codepoint at position {} in a right-to-left label'.format(idx))
+            # Bidi rule 3
+            if direction in ['R', 'AL', 'EN', 'AN']:
+                valid_ending = True
+            elif direction != 'NSM':
+                valid_ending = False
+            # Bidi rule 4
+            if direction in ['AN', 'EN']:
+                if not number_type:
+                    number_type = direction
+                else:
+                    if number_type != direction:
+                        raise IDNABidiError('Can not mix numeral types in a right-to-left label')
+        else:
+            # Bidi rule 5
+            if not direction in ['L', 'EN', 'ES', 'CS', 'ET', 'ON', 'BN', 'NSM']:
+                raise IDNABidiError('Invalid direction for codepoint at position {} in a left-to-right label'.format(idx))
+            # Bidi rule 6
+            if direction in ['L', 'EN']:
+                valid_ending = True
+            elif direction != 'NSM':
+                valid_ending = False
+
+    if not valid_ending:
+        raise IDNABidiError('Label ends with illegal codepoint directionality')
+
+    return True
+
+
+def check_initial_combiner(label: str) -> bool:
+    if unicodedata.category(label[0])[0] == 'M':
+        raise IDNAError('Label begins with an illegal combining character')
+    return True
+
+
+def check_hyphen_ok(label: str) -> bool:
+    if label[2:4] == '--':
+        raise IDNAError('Label has disallowed hyphens in 3rd and 4th position')
+    if label[0] == '-' or label[-1] == '-':
+        raise IDNAError('Label must not start or end with a hyphen')
+    return True
+
+
+def check_nfc(label: str) -> None:
+    if unicodedata.normalize('NFC', label) != label:
+        raise IDNAError('Label must be in Normalization Form C')
+
+
+def valid_contextj(label: str, pos: int) -> bool:
+    cp_value = ord(label[pos])
+
+    if cp_value == 0x200c:
+
+        if pos > 0:
+            if _combining_class(ord(label[pos - 1])) == _virama_combining_class:
+                return True
+
+        ok = False
+        for i in range(pos-1, -1, -1):
+            joining_type = idnadata.joining_types.get(ord(label[i]))
+            if joining_type == ord('T'):
+                continue
+            if joining_type in [ord('L'), ord('D')]:
+                ok = True
+                break
+
+        if not ok:
+            return False
+
+        ok = False
+        for i in range(pos+1, len(label)):
+            joining_type = idnadata.joining_types.get(ord(label[i]))
+            if joining_type == ord('T'):
+                continue
+            if joining_type in [ord('R'), ord('D')]:
+                ok = True
+                break
+        return ok
+
+    if cp_value == 0x200d:
+
+        if pos > 0:
+            if _combining_class(ord(label[pos - 1])) == _virama_combining_class:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    else:
+
+        return False
+
+
+def valid_contexto(label: str, pos: int, exception: bool = False) -> bool:
+    cp_value = ord(label[pos])
+
+    if cp_value == 0x00b7:
+        if 0 < pos < len(label)-1:
+            if ord(label[pos - 1]) == 0x006c and ord(label[pos + 1]) == 0x006c:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    elif cp_value == 0x0375:
+        if pos < len(label)-1 and len(label) > 1:
+            return _is_script(label[pos + 1], 'Greek')
+        return False
+
+    elif cp_value == 0x05f3 or cp_value == 0x05f4:
+        if pos > 0:
+            return _is_script(label[pos - 1], 'Hebrew')
+        return False
+
+    elif cp_value == 0x30fb:
+        for cp in label:
+            if cp == '\u30fb':
+                continue
+            if _is_script(cp, 'Hiragana') or _is_script(cp, 'Katakana') or _is_script(cp, 'Han'):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    elif 0x660 <= cp_value <= 0x669:
+        for cp in label:
+            if 0x6f0 <= ord(cp) <= 0x06f9:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    elif 0x6f0 <= cp_value <= 0x6f9:
+        for cp in label:
+            if 0x660 <= ord(cp) <= 0x0669:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def check_label(label: Union[str, bytes, bytearray]) -> None:
+    if isinstance(label, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        label = label.decode('utf-8')
+    if len(label) == 0:
+        raise IDNAError('Empty Label')
+
+    check_nfc(label)
+    check_hyphen_ok(label)
+    check_initial_combiner(label)
+
+    for (pos, cp) in enumerate(label):
+        cp_value = ord(cp)
+        if intranges_contain(cp_value, idnadata.codepoint_classes['PVALID']):
+            continue
+        elif intranges_contain(cp_value, idnadata.codepoint_classes['CONTEXTJ']):
+            try:
+                if not valid_contextj(label, pos):
+                    raise InvalidCodepointContext('Joiner {} not allowed at position {} in {}'.format(
+                        _unot(cp_value), pos+1, repr(label)))
+            except ValueError:
+                raise IDNAError('Unknown codepoint adjacent to joiner {} at position {} in {}'.format(
+                    _unot(cp_value), pos+1, repr(label)))
+        elif intranges_contain(cp_value, idnadata.codepoint_classes['CONTEXTO']):
+            if not valid_contexto(label, pos):
+                raise InvalidCodepointContext('Codepoint {} not allowed at position {} in {}'.format(_unot(cp_value), pos+1, repr(label)))
+        else:
+            raise InvalidCodepoint('Codepoint {} at position {} of {} not allowed'.format(_unot(cp_value), pos+1, repr(label)))
+
+    check_bidi(label)
+
+
+def alabel(label: str) -> bytes:
+    try:
+        label_bytes = label.encode('ascii')
+        ulabel(label_bytes)
+        if not valid_label_length(label_bytes):
+            raise IDNAError('Label too long')
+        return label_bytes
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        pass
+
+    if not label:
+        raise IDNAError('No Input')
+
+    label = str(label)
+    check_label(label)
+    label_bytes = _punycode(label)
+    label_bytes = _alabel_prefix + label_bytes
+
+    if not valid_label_length(label_bytes):
+        raise IDNAError('Label too long')
+
+    return label_bytes
+
+
+def ulabel(label: Union[str, bytes, bytearray]) -> str:
+    if not isinstance(label, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        try:
+            label_bytes = label.encode('ascii')
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            check_label(label)
+            return label
+    else:
+        label_bytes = label
+
+    label_bytes = label_bytes.lower()
+    if label_bytes.startswith(_alabel_prefix):
+        label_bytes = label_bytes[len(_alabel_prefix):]
+        if not label_bytes:
+            raise IDNAError('Malformed A-label, no Punycode eligible content found')
+        if label_bytes.decode('ascii')[-1] == '-':
+            raise IDNAError('A-label must not end with a hyphen')
+    else:
+        check_label(label_bytes)
+        return label_bytes.decode('ascii')
+
+    try:
+        label = label_bytes.decode('punycode')
+    except UnicodeError:
+        raise IDNAError('Invalid A-label')
+    check_label(label)
+    return label
+
+
+def uts46_remap(domain: str, std3_rules: bool = True, transitional: bool = False) -> str:
+    """Re-map the characters in the string according to UTS46 processing."""
+    from .uts46data import uts46data
+    output = ''
+
+    for pos, char in enumerate(domain):
+        code_point = ord(char)
+        try:
+            uts46row = uts46data[code_point if code_point < 256 else
+                bisect.bisect_left(uts46data, (code_point, 'Z')) - 1]
+            status = uts46row[1]
+            replacement = None  # type: Optional[str]
+            if len(uts46row) == 3:
+                replacement = uts46row[2]  # type: ignore
+            if (status == 'V' or
+                    (status == 'D' and not transitional) or
+                    (status == '3' and not std3_rules and replacement is None)):
+                output += char
+            elif replacement is not None and (status == 'M' or
+                    (status == '3' and not std3_rules) or
+                    (status == 'D' and transitional)):
+                output += replacement
+            elif status != 'I':
+                raise IndexError()
+        except IndexError:
+            raise InvalidCodepoint(
+                'Codepoint {} not allowed at position {} in {}'.format(
+                _unot(code_point), pos + 1, repr(domain)))
+
+    return unicodedata.normalize('NFC', output)
+
+
+def encode(s: Union[str, bytes, bytearray], strict: bool = False, uts46: bool = False, std3_rules: bool = False, transitional: bool = False) -> bytes:
+    if isinstance(s, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        s = s.decode('ascii')
+    if uts46:
+        s = uts46_remap(s, std3_rules, transitional)
+    trailing_dot = False
+    result = []
+    if strict:
+        labels = s.split('.')
+    else:
+        labels = _unicode_dots_re.split(s)
+    if not labels or labels == ['']:
+        raise IDNAError('Empty domain')
+    if labels[-1] == '':
+        del labels[-1]
+        trailing_dot = True
+    for label in labels:
+        s = alabel(label)
+        if s:
+            result.append(s)
+        else:
+            raise IDNAError('Empty label')
+    if trailing_dot:
+        result.append(b'')
+    s = b'.'.join(result)
+    if not valid_string_length(s, trailing_dot):
+        raise IDNAError('Domain too long')
+    return s
+
+
+def decode(s: Union[str, bytes, bytearray], strict: bool = False, uts46: bool = False, std3_rules: bool = False) -> str:
+    try:
+        if isinstance(s, (bytes, bytearray)):
+            s = s.decode('ascii')
+    except UnicodeDecodeError:
+        raise IDNAError('Invalid ASCII in A-label')
+    if uts46:
+        s = uts46_remap(s, std3_rules, False)
+    trailing_dot = False
+    result = []
+    if not strict:
+        labels = _unicode_dots_re.split(s)
+    else:
+        labels = s.split('.')
+    if not labels or labels == ['']:
+        raise IDNAError('Empty domain')
+    if not labels[-1]:
+        del labels[-1]
+        trailing_dot = True
+    for label in labels:
+        s = ulabel(label)
+        if s:
+            result.append(s)
+        else:
+            raise IDNAError('Empty label')
+    if trailing_dot:
+        result.append('')
+    return '.'.join(result)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/idnadata.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/idnadata.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b5805d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/idnadata.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2137 @@
+# This file is automatically generated by tools/idna-data
+
+__version__ = '14.0.0'
+scripts = {
+    'Greek': (
+        0x37000000374,
+        0x37500000378,
+        0x37a0000037e,
+        0x37f00000380,
+        0x38400000385,
+        0x38600000387,
+        0x3880000038b,
+        0x38c0000038d,
+        0x38e000003a2,
+        0x3a3000003e2,
+        0x3f000000400,
+        0x1d2600001d2b,
+        0x1d5d00001d62,
+        0x1d6600001d6b,
+        0x1dbf00001dc0,
+        0x1f0000001f16,
+        0x1f1800001f1e,
+        0x1f2000001f46,
+        0x1f4800001f4e,
+        0x1f5000001f58,
+        0x1f5900001f5a,
+        0x1f5b00001f5c,
+        0x1f5d00001f5e,
+        0x1f5f00001f7e,
+        0x1f8000001fb5,
+        0x1fb600001fc5,
+        0x1fc600001fd4,
+        0x1fd600001fdc,
+        0x1fdd00001ff0,
+        0x1ff200001ff5,
+        0x1ff600001fff,
+        0x212600002127,
+        0xab650000ab66,
+        0x101400001018f,
+        0x101a0000101a1,
+        0x1d2000001d246,
+    ),
+    'Han': (
+        0x2e8000002e9a,
+        0x2e9b00002ef4,
+        0x2f0000002fd6,
+        0x300500003006,
+        0x300700003008,
+        0x30210000302a,
+        0x30380000303c,
+        0x340000004dc0,
+        0x4e000000a000,
+        0xf9000000fa6e,
+        0xfa700000fada,
+        0x16fe200016fe4,
+        0x16ff000016ff2,
+        0x200000002a6e0,
+        0x2a7000002b739,
+        0x2b7400002b81e,
+        0x2b8200002cea2,
+        0x2ceb00002ebe1,
+        0x2f8000002fa1e,
+        0x300000003134b,
+    ),
+    'Hebrew': (
+        0x591000005c8,
+        0x5d0000005eb,
+        0x5ef000005f5,
+        0xfb1d0000fb37,
+        0xfb380000fb3d,
+        0xfb3e0000fb3f,
+        0xfb400000fb42,
+        0xfb430000fb45,
+        0xfb460000fb50,
+    ),
+    'Hiragana': (
+        0x304100003097,
+        0x309d000030a0,
+        0x1b0010001b120,
+        0x1b1500001b153,
+        0x1f2000001f201,
+    ),
+    'Katakana': (
+        0x30a1000030fb,
+        0x30fd00003100,
+        0x31f000003200,
+        0x32d0000032ff,
+        0x330000003358,
+        0xff660000ff70,
+        0xff710000ff9e,
+        0x1aff00001aff4,
+        0x1aff50001affc,
+        0x1affd0001afff,
+        0x1b0000001b001,
+        0x1b1200001b123,
+        0x1b1640001b168,
+    ),
+}
+joining_types = {
+    0x600: 85,
+    0x601: 85,
+    0x602: 85,
+    0x603: 85,
+    0x604: 85,
+    0x605: 85,
+    0x608: 85,
+    0x60b: 85,
+    0x620: 68,
+    0x621: 85,
+    0x622: 82,
+    0x623: 82,
+    0x624: 82,
+    0x625: 82,
+    0x626: 68,
+    0x627: 82,
+    0x628: 68,
+    0x629: 82,
+    0x62a: 68,
+    0x62b: 68,
+    0x62c: 68,
+    0x62d: 68,
+    0x62e: 68,
+    0x62f: 82,
+    0x630: 82,
+    0x631: 82,
+    0x632: 82,
+    0x633: 68,
+    0x634: 68,
+    0x635: 68,
+    0x636: 68,
+    0x637: 68,
+    0x638: 68,
+    0x639: 68,
+    0x63a: 68,
+    0x63b: 68,
+    0x63c: 68,
+    0x63d: 68,
+    0x63e: 68,
+    0x63f: 68,
+    0x640: 67,
+    0x641: 68,
+    0x642: 68,
+    0x643: 68,
+    0x644: 68,
+    0x645: 68,
+    0x646: 68,
+    0x647: 68,
+    0x648: 82,
+    0x649: 68,
+    0x64a: 68,
+    0x66e: 68,
+    0x66f: 68,
+    0x671: 82,
+    0x672: 82,
+    0x673: 82,
+    0x674: 85,
+    0x675: 82,
+    0x676: 82,
+    0x677: 82,
+    0x678: 68,
+    0x679: 68,
+    0x67a: 68,
+    0x67b: 68,
+    0x67c: 68,
+    0x67d: 68,
+    0x67e: 68,
+    0x67f: 68,
+    0x680: 68,
+    0x681: 68,
+    0x682: 68,
+    0x683: 68,
+    0x684: 68,
+    0x685: 68,
+    0x686: 68,
+    0x687: 68,
+    0x688: 82,
+    0x689: 82,
+    0x68a: 82,
+    0x68b: 82,
+    0x68c: 82,
+    0x68d: 82,
+    0x68e: 82,
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+    0x690: 82,
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+    0x1e92e: 68,
+    0x1e92f: 68,
+    0x1e930: 68,
+    0x1e931: 68,
+    0x1e932: 68,
+    0x1e933: 68,
+    0x1e934: 68,
+    0x1e935: 68,
+    0x1e936: 68,
+    0x1e937: 68,
+    0x1e938: 68,
+    0x1e939: 68,
+    0x1e93a: 68,
+    0x1e93b: 68,
+    0x1e93c: 68,
+    0x1e93d: 68,
+    0x1e93e: 68,
+    0x1e93f: 68,
+    0x1e940: 68,
+    0x1e941: 68,
+    0x1e942: 68,
+    0x1e943: 68,
+    0x1e94b: 84,
+}
+codepoint_classes = {
+    'PVALID': (
+        0x2d0000002e,
+        0x300000003a,
+        0x610000007b,
+        0xdf000000f7,
+        0xf800000100,
+        0x10100000102,
+        0x10300000104,
+        0x10500000106,
+        0x10700000108,
+        0x1090000010a,
+        0x10b0000010c,
+        0x10d0000010e,
+        0x10f00000110,
+        0x11100000112,
+        0x11300000114,
+        0x11500000116,
+        0x11700000118,
+        0x1190000011a,
+        0x11b0000011c,
+        0x11d0000011e,
+        0x11f00000120,
+        0x12100000122,
+        0x12300000124,
+        0x12500000126,
+        0x12700000128,
+        0x1290000012a,
+        0x12b0000012c,
+        0x12d0000012e,
+        0x12f00000130,
+        0x13100000132,
+        0x13500000136,
+        0x13700000139,
+        0x13a0000013b,
+        0x13c0000013d,
+        0x13e0000013f,
+        0x14200000143,
+        0x14400000145,
+        0x14600000147,
+        0x14800000149,
+        0x14b0000014c,
+        0x14d0000014e,
+        0x14f00000150,
+        0x15100000152,
+        0x15300000154,
+        0x15500000156,
+        0x15700000158,
+        0x1590000015a,
+        0x15b0000015c,
+        0x15d0000015e,
+        0x15f00000160,
+        0x16100000162,
+        0x16300000164,
+        0x16500000166,
+        0x16700000168,
+        0x1690000016a,
+        0x16b0000016c,
+        0x16d0000016e,
+        0x16f00000170,
+        0x17100000172,
+        0x17300000174,
+        0x17500000176,
+        0x17700000178,
+        0x17a0000017b,
+        0x17c0000017d,
+        0x17e0000017f,
+        0x18000000181,
+        0x18300000184,
+        0x18500000186,
+        0x18800000189,
+        0x18c0000018e,
+        0x19200000193,
+        0x19500000196,
+        0x1990000019c,
+        0x19e0000019f,
+        0x1a1000001a2,
+        0x1a3000001a4,
+        0x1a5000001a6,
+        0x1a8000001a9,
+        0x1aa000001ac,
+        0x1ad000001ae,
+        0x1b0000001b1,
+        0x1b4000001b5,
+        0x1b6000001b7,
+        0x1b9000001bc,
+        0x1bd000001c4,
+        0x1ce000001cf,
+        0x1d0000001d1,
+        0x1d2000001d3,
+        0x1d4000001d5,
+        0x1d6000001d7,
+        0x1d8000001d9,
+        0x1da000001db,
+        0x1dc000001de,
+        0x1df000001e0,
+        0x1e1000001e2,
+        0x1e3000001e4,
+        0x1e5000001e6,
+        0x1e7000001e8,
+        0x1e9000001ea,
+        0x1eb000001ec,
+        0x1ed000001ee,
+        0x1ef000001f1,
+        0x1f5000001f6,
+        0x1f9000001fa,
+        0x1fb000001fc,
+        0x1fd000001fe,
+        0x1ff00000200,
+        0x20100000202,
+        0x20300000204,
+        0x20500000206,
+        0x20700000208,
+        0x2090000020a,
+        0x20b0000020c,
+        0x20d0000020e,
+        0x20f00000210,
+        0x21100000212,
+        0x21300000214,
+        0x21500000216,
+        0x21700000218,
+        0x2190000021a,
+        0x21b0000021c,
+        0x21d0000021e,
+        0x21f00000220,
+        0x22100000222,
+        0x22300000224,
+        0x22500000226,
+        0x22700000228,
+        0x2290000022a,
+        0x22b0000022c,
+        0x22d0000022e,
+        0x22f00000230,
+        0x23100000232,
+        0x2330000023a,
+        0x23c0000023d,
+        0x23f00000241,
+        0x24200000243,
+        0x24700000248,
+        0x2490000024a,
+        0x24b0000024c,
+        0x24d0000024e,
+        0x24f000002b0,
+        0x2b9000002c2,
+        0x2c6000002d2,
+        0x2ec000002ed,
+        0x2ee000002ef,
+        0x30000000340,
+        0x34200000343,
+        0x3460000034f,
+        0x35000000370,
+        0x37100000372,
+        0x37300000374,
+        0x37700000378,
+        0x37b0000037e,
+        0x39000000391,
+        0x3ac000003cf,
+        0x3d7000003d8,
+        0x3d9000003da,
+        0x3db000003dc,
+        0x3dd000003de,
+        0x3df000003e0,
+        0x3e1000003e2,
+        0x3e3000003e4,
+        0x3e5000003e6,
+        0x3e7000003e8,
+        0x3e9000003ea,
+        0x3eb000003ec,
+        0x3ed000003ee,
+        0x3ef000003f0,
+        0x3f3000003f4,
+        0x3f8000003f9,
+        0x3fb000003fd,
+        0x43000000460,
+        0x46100000462,
+        0x46300000464,
+        0x46500000466,
+        0x46700000468,
+        0x4690000046a,
+        0x46b0000046c,
+        0x46d0000046e,
+        0x46f00000470,
+        0x47100000472,
+        0x47300000474,
+        0x47500000476,
+        0x47700000478,
+        0x4790000047a,
+        0x47b0000047c,
+        0x47d0000047e,
+        0x47f00000480,
+        0x48100000482,
+        0x48300000488,
+        0x48b0000048c,
+        0x48d0000048e,
+        0x48f00000490,
+        0x49100000492,
+        0x49300000494,
+        0x49500000496,
+        0x49700000498,
+        0x4990000049a,
+        0x49b0000049c,
+        0x49d0000049e,
+        0x49f000004a0,
+        0x4a1000004a2,
+        0x4a3000004a4,
+        0x4a5000004a6,
+        0x4a7000004a8,
+        0x4a9000004aa,
+        0x4ab000004ac,
+        0x4ad000004ae,
+        0x4af000004b0,
+        0x4b1000004b2,
+        0x4b3000004b4,
+        0x4b5000004b6,
+        0x4b7000004b8,
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+        0x4bb000004bc,
+        0x4bd000004be,
+        0x4bf000004c0,
+        0x4c2000004c3,
+        0x4c4000004c5,
+        0x4c6000004c7,
+        0x4c8000004c9,
+        0x4ca000004cb,
+        0x4cc000004cd,
+        0x4ce000004d0,
+        0x4d1000004d2,
+        0x4d3000004d4,
+        0x4d5000004d6,
+        0x4d7000004d8,
+        0x4d9000004da,
+        0x4db000004dc,
+        0x4dd000004de,
+        0x4df000004e0,
+        0x4e1000004e2,
+        0x4e3000004e4,
+        0x4e5000004e6,
+        0x4e7000004e8,
+        0x4e9000004ea,
+        0x4eb000004ec,
+        0x4ed000004ee,
+        0x4ef000004f0,
+        0x4f1000004f2,
+        0x4f3000004f4,
+        0x4f5000004f6,
+        0x4f7000004f8,
+        0x4f9000004fa,
+        0x4fb000004fc,
+        0x4fd000004fe,
+        0x4ff00000500,
+        0x50100000502,
+        0x50300000504,
+        0x50500000506,
+        0x50700000508,
+        0x5090000050a,
+        0x50b0000050c,
+        0x50d0000050e,
+        0x50f00000510,
+        0x51100000512,
+        0x51300000514,
+        0x51500000516,
+        0x51700000518,
+        0x5190000051a,
+        0x51b0000051c,
+        0x51d0000051e,
+        0x51f00000520,
+        0x52100000522,
+        0x52300000524,
+        0x52500000526,
+        0x52700000528,
+        0x5290000052a,
+        0x52b0000052c,
+        0x52d0000052e,
+        0x52f00000530,
+        0x5590000055a,
+        0x56000000587,
+        0x58800000589,
+        0x591000005be,
+        0x5bf000005c0,
+        0x5c1000005c3,
+        0x5c4000005c6,
+        0x5c7000005c8,
+        0x5d0000005eb,
+        0x5ef000005f3,
+        0x6100000061b,
+        0x62000000640,
+        0x64100000660,
+        0x66e00000675,
+        0x679000006d4,
+        0x6d5000006dd,
+        0x6df000006e9,
+        0x6ea000006f0,
+        0x6fa00000700,
+        0x7100000074b,
+        0x74d000007b2,
+        0x7c0000007f6,
+        0x7fd000007fe,
+        0x8000000082e,
+        0x8400000085c,
+        0x8600000086b,
+        0x87000000888,
+        0x8890000088f,
+        0x898000008e2,
+        0x8e300000958,
+        0x96000000964,
+        0x96600000970,
+        0x97100000984,
+        0x9850000098d,
+        0x98f00000991,
+        0x993000009a9,
+        0x9aa000009b1,
+        0x9b2000009b3,
+        0x9b6000009ba,
+        0x9bc000009c5,
+        0x9c7000009c9,
+        0x9cb000009cf,
+        0x9d7000009d8,
+        0x9e0000009e4,
+        0x9e6000009f2,
+        0x9fc000009fd,
+        0x9fe000009ff,
+        0xa0100000a04,
+        0xa0500000a0b,
+        0xa0f00000a11,
+        0xa1300000a29,
+        0xa2a00000a31,
+        0xa3200000a33,
+        0xa3500000a36,
+        0xa3800000a3a,
+        0xa3c00000a3d,
+        0xa3e00000a43,
+        0xa4700000a49,
+        0xa4b00000a4e,
+        0xa5100000a52,
+        0xa5c00000a5d,
+        0xa6600000a76,
+        0xa8100000a84,
+        0xa8500000a8e,
+        0xa8f00000a92,
+        0xa9300000aa9,
+        0xaaa00000ab1,
+        0xab200000ab4,
+        0xab500000aba,
+        0xabc00000ac6,
+        0xac700000aca,
+        0xacb00000ace,
+        0xad000000ad1,
+        0xae000000ae4,
+        0xae600000af0,
+        0xaf900000b00,
+        0xb0100000b04,
+        0xb0500000b0d,
+        0xb0f00000b11,
+        0xb1300000b29,
+        0xb2a00000b31,
+        0xb3200000b34,
+        0xb3500000b3a,
+        0xb3c00000b45,
+        0xb4700000b49,
+        0xb4b00000b4e,
+        0xb5500000b58,
+        0xb5f00000b64,
+        0xb6600000b70,
+        0xb7100000b72,
+        0xb8200000b84,
+        0xb8500000b8b,
+        0xb8e00000b91,
+        0xb9200000b96,
+        0xb9900000b9b,
+        0xb9c00000b9d,
+        0xb9e00000ba0,
+        0xba300000ba5,
+        0xba800000bab,
+        0xbae00000bba,
+        0xbbe00000bc3,
+        0xbc600000bc9,
+        0xbca00000bce,
+        0xbd000000bd1,
+        0xbd700000bd8,
+        0xbe600000bf0,
+        0xc0000000c0d,
+        0xc0e00000c11,
+        0xc1200000c29,
+        0xc2a00000c3a,
+        0xc3c00000c45,
+        0xc4600000c49,
+        0xc4a00000c4e,
+        0xc5500000c57,
+        0xc5800000c5b,
+        0xc5d00000c5e,
+        0xc6000000c64,
+        0xc6600000c70,
+        0xc8000000c84,
+        0xc8500000c8d,
+        0xc8e00000c91,
+        0xc9200000ca9,
+        0xcaa00000cb4,
+        0xcb500000cba,
+        0xcbc00000cc5,
+        0xcc600000cc9,
+        0xcca00000cce,
+        0xcd500000cd7,
+        0xcdd00000cdf,
+        0xce000000ce4,
+        0xce600000cf0,
+        0xcf100000cf3,
+        0xd0000000d0d,
+        0xd0e00000d11,
+        0xd1200000d45,
+        0xd4600000d49,
+        0xd4a00000d4f,
+        0xd5400000d58,
+        0xd5f00000d64,
+        0xd6600000d70,
+        0xd7a00000d80,
+        0xd8100000d84,
+        0xd8500000d97,
+        0xd9a00000db2,
+        0xdb300000dbc,
+        0xdbd00000dbe,
+        0xdc000000dc7,
+        0xdca00000dcb,
+        0xdcf00000dd5,
+        0xdd600000dd7,
+        0xdd800000de0,
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+        0xdf200000df4,
+        0xe0100000e33,
+        0xe3400000e3b,
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+        0xe8100000e83,
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+        0xea700000eb3,
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+        0xec000000ec5,
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+        0x1edb00001edc,
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+    ),
+    'CONTEXTJ': (
+        0x200c0000200e,
+    ),
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+        0xb7000000b8,
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+    ),
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/intranges.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/intranges.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a43b04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/intranges.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+"""
+Given a list of integers, made up of (hopefully) a small number of long runs
+of consecutive integers, compute a representation of the form
+((start1, end1), (start2, end2) ...). Then answer the question "was x present
+in the original list?" in time O(log(# runs)).
+"""
+
+import bisect
+from typing import List, Tuple
+
+def intranges_from_list(list_: List[int]) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+    """Represent a list of integers as a sequence of ranges:
+    ((start_0, end_0), (start_1, end_1), ...), such that the original
+    integers are exactly those x such that start_i <= x < end_i for some i.
+
+    Ranges are encoded as single integers (start << 32 | end), not as tuples.
+    """
+
+    sorted_list = sorted(list_)
+    ranges = []
+    last_write = -1
+    for i in range(len(sorted_list)):
+        if i+1 < len(sorted_list):
+            if sorted_list[i] == sorted_list[i+1]-1:
+                continue
+        current_range = sorted_list[last_write+1:i+1]
+        ranges.append(_encode_range(current_range[0], current_range[-1] + 1))
+        last_write = i
+
+    return tuple(ranges)
+
+def _encode_range(start: int, end: int) -> int:
+    return (start << 32) | end
+
+def _decode_range(r: int) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    return (r >> 32), (r & ((1 << 32) - 1))
+
+
+def intranges_contain(int_: int, ranges: Tuple[int, ...]) -> bool:
+    """Determine if `int_` falls into one of the ranges in `ranges`."""
+    tuple_ = _encode_range(int_, 0)
+    pos = bisect.bisect_left(ranges, tuple_)
+    # we could be immediately ahead of a tuple (start, end)
+    # with start < int_ <= end
+    if pos > 0:
+        left, right = _decode_range(ranges[pos-1])
+        if left <= int_ < right:
+            return True
+    # or we could be immediately behind a tuple (int_, end)
+    if pos < len(ranges):
+        left, _ = _decode_range(ranges[pos])
+        if left == int_:
+            return True
+    return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/package_data.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/package_data.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5ea87c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/package_data.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+__version__ = '3.3'
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/uts46data.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/uts46data.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f65705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna/uts46data.py
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+# This file is automatically generated by tools/idna-data
+# vim: set fileencoding=utf-8 :
+
+from typing import List, Tuple, Union
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+
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+    (0x2FA1B, 'M', '鼖'),
+    (0x2FA1C, 'M', '鼻'),
+    (0x2FA1D, 'M', '𪘀'),
+    (0x2FA1E, 'X'),
+    (0x30000, 'V'),
+    (0x3134B, 'X'),
+    (0xE0100, 'I'),
+    (0xE01F0, 'X'),
+    ]
+
+uts46data = tuple(
+    _seg_0()
+    + _seg_1()
+    + _seg_2()
+    + _seg_3()
+    + _seg_4()
+    + _seg_5()
+    + _seg_6()
+    + _seg_7()
+    + _seg_8()
+    + _seg_9()
+    + _seg_10()
+    + _seg_11()
+    + _seg_12()
+    + _seg_13()
+    + _seg_14()
+    + _seg_15()
+    + _seg_16()
+    + _seg_17()
+    + _seg_18()
+    + _seg_19()
+    + _seg_20()
+    + _seg_21()
+    + _seg_22()
+    + _seg_23()
+    + _seg_24()
+    + _seg_25()
+    + _seg_26()
+    + _seg_27()
+    + _seg_28()
+    + _seg_29()
+    + _seg_30()
+    + _seg_31()
+    + _seg_32()
+    + _seg_33()
+    + _seg_34()
+    + _seg_35()
+    + _seg_36()
+    + _seg_37()
+    + _seg_38()
+    + _seg_39()
+    + _seg_40()
+    + _seg_41()
+    + _seg_42()
+    + _seg_43()
+    + _seg_44()
+    + _seg_45()
+    + _seg_46()
+    + _seg_47()
+    + _seg_48()
+    + _seg_49()
+    + _seg_50()
+    + _seg_51()
+    + _seg_52()
+    + _seg_53()
+    + _seg_54()
+    + _seg_55()
+    + _seg_56()
+    + _seg_57()
+    + _seg_58()
+    + _seg_59()
+    + _seg_60()
+    + _seg_61()
+    + _seg_62()
+    + _seg_63()
+    + _seg_64()
+    + _seg_65()
+    + _seg_66()
+    + _seg_67()
+    + _seg_68()
+    + _seg_69()
+    + _seg_70()
+    + _seg_71()
+    + _seg_72()
+    + _seg_73()
+    + _seg_74()
+    + _seg_75()
+    + _seg_76()
+    + _seg_77()
+    + _seg_78()
+    + _seg_79()
+    + _seg_80()
+)  # type: Tuple[Union[Tuple[int, str], Tuple[int, str, str]], ...]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0cb90b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015 Beau Barker (beau at explodinglabs.com)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94ac90b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: jsonrpcclient
+Version: 4.0.2
+Summary: Send JSON-RPC requests
+Home-page: https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcclient
+Author: Beau Barker
+Author-email: beau@explodinglabs.com
+License: MIT
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE
+
+> September 1, 2021: Version 4 has been released. Read about the [changes in
+> version 4](https://composed.blog/jsonrpcclient-4-changes), or read the [full
+> documentation](https://www.jsonrpcclient.com/).
+> For earlier versions jump to the [3.x
+> branch](https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcclient/tree/3.x) or the
+> [documentation for version 3](https://www.jsonrpcclient.com/en/3.3.6/).
+
+<img
+    alt="jsonrpcclient"
+    style="margin: 0 auto;"
+    src="https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcclient/blob/main/docs/logo.png?raw=true"
+/>
+
+Generate JSON-RPC requests and parse responses in Python.
+
+![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/jsonrpcclient.svg)
+![Downloads](https://pepy.tech/badge/jsonrpcclient/week)
+![Code Quality](https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcclient/actions/workflows/code-quality.yml/badge.svg)
+![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/explodinglabs/jsonrpcclient/badge.svg?branch=main)
+
+```sh
+pip install jsonrpcclient
+```
+
+```python
+>>> from jsonrpcclient import parse, request
+>>> import requests
+>>> response = requests.post("http://localhost:5000/", json=request("ping"))
+>>> parse(response.json())
+Ok(result='pong', id=1)
+```
+
+Full documentation is at [jsonrpcclient.com](https://www.jsonrpcclient.com/).
+
+See also: [jsonrpcserver](https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcserver)
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fff793
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=SQ2uE27Zo1SqfTzDWCYlE3f0LCChhp5VYnW31RI1x40,1106
+jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=BabjeUsQxu4DK15pl_rnJ7Y52H6fKbd3jQWBACWdVFk,1882
+jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/RECORD,,
+jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=G16H4A3IeoQmnOrYV4ueZGKSjhipXx8zc8nu9FGlvMA,92
+jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=kp0uiza-tZq1URn-ybda_Yp7Z3i1F-rl6SPeErE1N50,14
+jsonrpcclient/__init__.py,sha256=vR_mz374-v1ndbgmq1xgzO7ktT0KQ9XavHFBAX1fFf8,275
+jsonrpcclient/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcclient/__pycache__/id_generators.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcclient/__pycache__/requests.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcclient/__pycache__/responses.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcclient/__pycache__/sentinels.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcclient/__pycache__/utils.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcclient/id_generators.py,sha256=-NS5C6KfdGfybmd9jl4atpIqNbRCOAd3vU5fEpstd_0,1316
+jsonrpcclient/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+jsonrpcclient/requests.py,sha256=Djy2KhnZVGXDvuFVuI21qTQCHVR8Z2ONKnt25Lbv3jo,1865
+jsonrpcclient/responses.py,sha256=6wxwnQ9W-AcUrQRPLHs2fWfEon2gk7yM8rs5lexTReE,1121
+jsonrpcclient/sentinels.py,sha256=8wuismnV3msfyVHt_YNKoqP5zA-V9vWsBWCMdU3pfRI,215
+jsonrpcclient/utils.py,sha256=W1FWIR7poIiWih3iejLlqN--xVPen78Zl0nhTU2X40M,290
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..becc9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d9814b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient-4.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+jsonrpcclient
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4458be4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from .requests import (
+    notification,
+    notification_json,
+    request,
+    request_hex,
+    request_json,
+    request_json_hex,
+    request_json_random,
+    request_json_uuid,
+    request_random,
+    request_uuid,
+)
+from .responses import Ok, Error, parse, parse_json
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/id_generators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/id_generators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b54b119
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/id_generators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+"""Generators which yield an id to include in a JSON-RPC request."""
+import itertools
+from random import choice
+from string import ascii_lowercase, digits
+from typing import Iterator
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+
+def decimal(start: int = 1) -> Iterator[int]:
+    """
+    Increments from `start`.
+
+    e.g. 1, 2, 3, .. 9, 10, 11, etc.
+
+    Args:
+        start: The first value to start with.
+    """
+    return itertools.count(start)
+
+
+def hexadecimal(start: int = 1) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Incremental hexadecimal numbers.
+
+    e.g. 1, 2, 3, .. 9, a, b, etc.
+
+    Args:
+        start: The first value to start with.
+    """
+    while True:
+        yield "%x" % start
+        start += 1
+
+
+def random(length: int = 8, chars: str = digits + ascii_lowercase) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    A random string.
+
+    Not unique, but has around 1 in a million chance of collision (with the default 8
+    character length).
+
+    Example:
+        'fubui5e6'
+
+    Args:
+        length: Length of the random string.
+        chars: The characters to randomly choose from.
+    """
+    while True:
+        yield "".join([choice(chars) for _ in range(length)])
+
+
+def uuid() -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Unique uuid ids.
+
+    Example:
+        '9bfe2c93-717e-4a45-b91b-55422c5af4ff'
+    """
+    while True:
+        yield str(uuid4())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/requests.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/requests.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..826ef20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/requests.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import json
+from functools import partial
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterator, Tuple, Union
+
+from . import id_generators
+from .sentinels import NOID
+from .utils import compose
+
+
+def notification_pure(
+    method: str, params: Union[Dict[str, Any], Tuple[Any, ...]]
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "jsonrpc": "2.0",
+        "method": method,
+        **({"params": params} if params else {}),
+    }
+
+
+def notification(
+    method: str, params: Union[Dict[str, Any], Tuple[Any, ...], None] = None
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    return notification_pure(method, params if params else ())
+
+
+notification_json = compose(json.dumps, notification)
+
+
+def request_pure(
+    id_generator: Iterator[Any],
+    method: str,
+    params: Union[Dict[str, Any], Tuple[Any, ...]],
+    id: Any,
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "jsonrpc": "2.0",
+        "method": method,
+        **(
+            {"params": list(params) if isinstance(params, tuple) else params}
+            if params
+            else {}
+        ),
+        "id": id if id is not NOID else next(id_generator),
+    }
+
+
+def request_impure(
+    id_generator: Iterator[Any],
+    method: str,
+    params: Union[Dict[str, Any], Tuple[Any, ...], None] = None,
+    id: Any = NOID,
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    return request_pure(
+        id_generator or id_generators.decimal(), method, params or (), id
+    )
+
+
+request_natural = partial(request_impure, id_generators.decimal())
+request_hex = partial(request_impure, id_generators.hexadecimal())
+request_random = partial(request_impure, id_generators.random())
+request_uuid = partial(request_impure, id_generators.uuid())
+request = request_natural
+
+request_json = compose(json.dumps, request_natural)
+request_json_hex = compose(json.dumps, request_hex)
+request_json_random = compose(json.dumps, request_random)
+request_json_uuid = compose(json.dumps, request_uuid)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/responses.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/responses.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..123be48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/responses.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Union, NamedTuple
+import json
+
+from .utils import compose
+
+Deserialized = Union[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]]]
+
+
+class Ok(NamedTuple):
+    result: Any
+    id: Any
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Ok(result={self.result!r}, id={self.id!r})"
+
+
+class Error(NamedTuple):
+    code: int
+    message: str
+    data: Any
+    id: Any
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Error(code={self.code!r}, message={self.message!r}, data={self.data!r}, id={self.id!r})"
+
+
+Response = Union[Ok, Error]
+
+
+def to_result(response: Dict[str, Any]) -> Response:
+    return (
+        Ok(response["result"], response["id"])
+        if "result" in response
+        else Error(
+            response["error"]["code"],
+            response["error"]["message"],
+            response["error"].get("data"),
+            response["id"],
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def parse(response: Deserialized) -> Union[Response, Iterable[Response]]:
+    return (
+        map(to_result, response) if isinstance(response, list) else to_result(response)
+    )
+
+
+parse_json = compose(parse, json.loads)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/sentinels.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/sentinels.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b46f658
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/sentinels.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import sys
+
+
+class Sentinel:
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{sys.intern(str(self.name)).rsplit('.', 1)[-1]}>"
+
+
+NOID = Sentinel("NoId")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2caaf7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcclient/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from functools import reduce
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+
+def compose(*fs: Callable[..., Any]) -> Callable[..., Any]:
+    def compose2(f: Callable[..., Any], g: Callable[..., Any]) -> Callable[..., Any]:
+        return lambda *a, **kw: f(g(*a, **kw))
+
+    return reduce(compose2, fs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8873548
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2021 Beau Barker (beau at explodinglabs.com)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..145774b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: jsonrpcserver
+Version: 5.0.7
+Summary: Process JSON-RPC requests
+Home-page: https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcserver
+Author: Beau Barker
+Author-email: beau@explodinglabs.com
+License: MIT
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: jsonschema (<5)
+Requires-Dist: oslash (<1)
+Provides-Extra: examples
+Requires-Dist: aiohttp ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: aiozmq ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: flask ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: flask-socketio ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: gmqtt ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: pyzmq ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: tornado ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: websockets ; extra == 'examples'
+Requires-Dist: werkzeug ; extra == 'examples'
+
+<img
+    alt="jsonrpcserver"
+    style="margin: 0 auto;"
+    src="https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcserver/blob/main/docs/logo.png?raw=true"
+/>
+
+![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/jsonrpcserver.svg)
+![Code Quality](https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcserver/actions/workflows/code-quality.yml/badge.svg)
+![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/explodinglabs/jsonrpcserver/badge.svg?branch=main)
+![Downloads](https://img.shields.io/pypi/dm/jsonrpcserver.svg)
+
+Process incoming JSON-RPC requests in Python.
+
+```python
+from jsonrpcserver import Success, method, serve
+
+@method
+def ping():
+    return Success("pong")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    serve()
+```
+
+Full documentation is at [jsonrpcserver.com](https://www.jsonrpcserver.com/).
+
+See also: [jsonrpcclient](https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcclient)
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db787fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=_FwZBYAN8tqi6GIMUwE3E9UUG06-g-gEjYUrCr7c2Gg,1106
+jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=6HZeetp18tphunIWQ58-CSiQ95uTXop2D4AuprlrEso,1783
+jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/RECORD,,
+jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=G16H4A3IeoQmnOrYV4ueZGKSjhipXx8zc8nu9FGlvMA,92
+jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=UpzcVtd6PqlNcQwPaQbEkHH0HCDTGewm8JKRrLSsGbo,14
+jsonrpcserver/__init__.py,sha256=lo7Dl9fYocucehMa3Am2zxdTSVBRCFJU0dx64T6MrW0,764
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/async_dispatcher.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/async_main.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/codes.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/dispatcher.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/exceptions.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/main.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/methods.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/request.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/response.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/result.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/sentinels.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/server.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/__pycache__/utils.cpython-39.pyc,,
+jsonrpcserver/async_dispatcher.py,sha256=oYxM7FJd77IxFhkPFAYhLKIha5-ZEtnMr0Ncde2Scww,3007
+jsonrpcserver/async_main.py,sha256=uRpbT18XQxWPnm2Qpu8gOC3z9Ri5ulm1c70j30EjwmI,1726
+jsonrpcserver/codes.py,sha256=AsNeg8cx0npfCLOX9JxZf-IJGbckqV4C9l1K9xYGqfQ,260
+jsonrpcserver/dispatcher.py,sha256=DO1KyNzAw_WEVjgIJhuncAALIxXLH5RHGtR5aaDJqkY,10082
+jsonrpcserver/exceptions.py,sha256=-lTAUiYq1WVLOdJ9igaI7ZysUDy6LMPm2EEyArrg87Y,408
+jsonrpcserver/main.py,sha256=aNhFbZXaJlHxtLv0_HIsbtPz_-_M2WIg3eH39Wy8Gas,4245
+jsonrpcserver/methods.py,sha256=sXOIAf-IGuCsPgZxv6x0R8UcG_z8Jl4vgksRTxlCCmg,1389
+jsonrpcserver/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+jsonrpcserver/request-schema.json,sha256=JY5j2q8hU6hbJBdyv7I932YDw5AjuMmw-v3KUDVyvTc,1277
+jsonrpcserver/request.py,sha256=wTMYYS-5PTb3GQBqbGzZAS8v94jmKH5O8EOazvpXE74,374
+jsonrpcserver/response.py,sha256=Rqslse-EvFIoPMp0MPpKmQ-PMARV9JO3YOIz5Kbvzfo,3139
+jsonrpcserver/result.py,sha256=s1sfhBzdg0lafkBrDSwFpRgc8cbTzRqOy_472tRYN9w,1942
+jsonrpcserver/sentinels.py,sha256=JUG4MQrLEPc7I9ZdsJxLGxS3JqslN7BK2nciEeqLnGE,407
+jsonrpcserver/server.py,sha256=-9eZh8NMwUM0Sj4gWDqnzUR55BvSb014WEBP9ifL1Dw,683
+jsonrpcserver/utils.py,sha256=xZogVpT18FhouvOmnRZ7LU-1ujMCSlHiv0BURjz7iXE,408
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..becc9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1fe4b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver-5.0.7.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+jsonrpcserver
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f28d26c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""Use __all__ so mypy considers these re-exported."""
+__all__ = [
+    "Error",
+    "InvalidParams",
+    "JsonRpcError",
+    "Result",
+    "Success",
+    "async_dispatch",
+    "async_dispatch_to_response",
+    "async_dispatch_to_serializable",
+    "dispatch",
+    "dispatch_to_response",
+    "dispatch_to_serializable",
+    "method",
+    "serve",
+]
+
+
+from .async_main import (
+    dispatch as async_dispatch,
+    dispatch_to_response as async_dispatch_to_response,
+    dispatch_to_serializable as async_dispatch_to_serializable,
+)
+from .exceptions import JsonRpcError
+from .main import dispatch, dispatch_to_response, dispatch_to_serializable
+from .methods import method
+from .result import Error, InvalidParams, Result, Success
+from .server import serve as serve
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/async_dispatcher.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/async_dispatcher.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ed3e8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/async_dispatcher.py
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+"""Async version of dispatcher.py"""
+
+from functools import partial
+from itertools import starmap
+from typing import Any, Callable, Iterable, Tuple, Union
+import asyncio
+import logging
+
+from oslash.either import Left  # type: ignore
+
+from .dispatcher import (
+    Deserialized,
+    create_request,
+    deserialize_request,
+    extract_args,
+    extract_kwargs,
+    extract_list,
+    get_method,
+    not_notification,
+    to_response,
+    validate_args,
+    validate_request,
+    validate_result,
+)
+from .exceptions import JsonRpcError
+from .methods import Method, Methods
+from .request import Request
+from .result import Result, InternalErrorResult, ErrorResult
+from .response import Response, ServerErrorResponse
+from .utils import make_list
+
+
+async def call(request: Request, context: Any, method: Method) -> Result:
+    try:
+        result = await method(
+            *extract_args(request, context), **extract_kwargs(request)
+        )
+        validate_result(result)
+    except JsonRpcError as exc:
+        return Left(ErrorResult(code=exc.code, message=exc.message, data=exc.data))
+    except Exception as exc:  # Other error inside method - Internal error
+        logging.exception(exc)
+        return Left(InternalErrorResult(str(exc)))
+    return result
+
+
+async def dispatch_request(
+    methods: Methods, context: Any, request: Request
+) -> Tuple[Request, Result]:
+    method = get_method(methods, request.method).bind(
+        partial(validate_args, request, context)
+    )
+    return (
+        request,
+        method
+        if isinstance(method, Left)
+        else await call(request, context, method._value),
+    )
+
+
+async def dispatch_deserialized(
+    methods: Methods,
+    context: Any,
+    post_process: Callable[[Response], Iterable[Any]],
+    deserialized: Deserialized,
+) -> Union[Response, Iterable[Response], None]:
+    results = await asyncio.gather(
+        *(
+            dispatch_request(methods, context, r)
+            for r in map(create_request, make_list(deserialized))
+        )
+    )
+    return extract_list(
+        isinstance(deserialized, list),
+        map(
+            post_process,
+            starmap(to_response, filter(not_notification, results)),
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+async def dispatch_to_response_pure(
+    *,
+    deserializer: Callable[[str], Deserialized],
+    validator: Callable[[Deserialized], Deserialized],
+    methods: Methods,
+    context: Any,
+    post_process: Callable[[Response], Iterable[Any]],
+    request: str,
+) -> Union[Response, Iterable[Response], None]:
+    try:
+        result = deserialize_request(deserializer, request).bind(
+            partial(validate_request, validator)
+        )
+        return (
+            post_process(result)
+            if isinstance(result, Left)
+            else await dispatch_deserialized(
+                methods, context, post_process, result._value
+            )
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logging.exception(exc)
+        return post_process(Left(ServerErrorResponse(str(exc), None)))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/async_main.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/async_main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5db4fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/async_main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+"""Async version of main.py. The public async functions."""
+import json
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union, cast
+
+from .async_dispatcher import dispatch_to_response_pure
+from .dispatcher import Deserialized
+from .main import default_validator, default_deserializer
+from .methods import Methods, global_methods
+from .response import Response, to_serializable
+from .sentinels import NOCONTEXT
+from .utils import identity
+
+
+async def dispatch_to_response(
+    request: str,
+    methods: Optional[Methods] = None,
+    *,
+    context: Any = NOCONTEXT,
+    deserializer: Callable[[str], Deserialized] = default_deserializer,
+    validator: Callable[[Deserialized], Deserialized] = default_validator,
+    post_process: Callable[[Response], Any] = identity,
+) -> Union[Response, Iterable[Response], None]:
+    return await dispatch_to_response_pure(
+        deserializer=deserializer,
+        validator=validator,
+        post_process=post_process,
+        context=context,
+        methods=global_methods if methods is None else methods,
+        request=request,
+    )
+
+
+async def dispatch_to_serializable(
+    *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+) -> Union[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]], None]:
+    return cast(
+        Union[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]], None],
+        await dispatch_to_response(*args, post_process=to_serializable, **kwargs),
+    )
+
+
+async def dispatch_to_json(
+    *args: Any,
+    serializer: Callable[
+        [Union[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]], None]], str
+    ] = json.dumps,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> str:
+    response = await dispatch_to_serializable(*args, **kwargs)
+    return "" if response is None else serializer(response)
+
+
+dispatch = dispatch_to_json
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/codes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/codes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6634f63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/codes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+"""JSONRPC error codes from http://www.jsonrpc.org/specification#error_object"""
+
+ERROR_PARSE_ERROR = -32700
+ERROR_INVALID_REQUEST = -32600
+ERROR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND = -32601
+ERROR_INVALID_PARAMS = -32602
+ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR = -32603
+ERROR_SERVER_ERROR = -32000
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/dispatcher.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/dispatcher.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74e2644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/dispatcher.py
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+"""Dispatcher - does the hard work of this library: parses, validates and dispatches
+requests, providing responses.
+"""
+from functools import partial
+from inspect import signature
+from itertools import starmap
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, Tuple, Union
+import logging
+
+from oslash.either import Either, Left, Right  # type: ignore
+
+from .exceptions import JsonRpcError
+from .methods import Method, Methods
+from .request import Request
+from .response import (
+    ErrorResponse,
+    InvalidRequestResponse,
+    ParseErrorResponse,
+    Response,
+    ServerErrorResponse,
+    SuccessResponse,
+)
+from .result import (
+    ErrorResult,
+    InternalErrorResult,
+    InvalidParamsResult,
+    MethodNotFoundResult,
+    Result,
+    SuccessResult,
+)
+from .sentinels import NOCONTEXT, NOID
+from .utils import compose, make_list
+
+Deserialized = Union[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]]]
+
+
+def extract_list(
+    is_batch: bool, responses: Iterable[Response]
+) -> Union[Response, List[Response], None]:
+    """This is the inverse of make_list. Here we extract a response back out of the list
+    if it wasn't a batch request originally. Also applies a JSON-RPC rule: we do not
+    respond to batches of notifications.
+
+    Args:
+        is_batch: True if the original request was a batch.
+        responses: Iterable of responses.
+
+    Returns: A single response, a batch of responses, or None (returns None to a
+        notification or batch of notifications, to indicate we should not respond).
+    """
+    # Need to materialize the iterable here to determine if it's empty. At least we're
+    # at the end of processing (also need a list, not a generator, to serialize a batch
+    # response with json.dumps).
+    response_list = list(responses)
+    # Responses have been removed, so in the case of either a single notification or a
+    # batch of only notifications, return None
+    if len(response_list) == 0:
+        return None
+    # For batches containing at least one non-notification, return the list
+    elif is_batch:
+        return response_list
+    # For single requests, extract it back from the list (there will be only one).
+    else:
+        return response_list[0]
+
+
+def to_response(request: Request, result: Result) -> Response:
+    """Maps a Request plus a Result to a Response. A Response is just a Result plus the
+    id from the original Request.
+
+    Raises: AssertionError if the request is a notification. Notifications can't be
+        responded to. If a notification is given and AssertionError is raised, we should
+        respond with Server Error, because notifications should have been removed by
+        this stage.
+
+    Returns: A Response.
+    """
+    assert request.id is not NOID
+    return (
+        Left(ErrorResponse(**result._error._asdict(), id=request.id))
+        if isinstance(result, Left)
+        else Right(SuccessResponse(**result._value._asdict(), id=request.id))
+    )
+
+
+def extract_args(request: Request, context: Any) -> List[Any]:
+    """Extracts the positional arguments from the request.
+
+    If a context object is given, it's added as the first argument.
+
+    Returns: A list containing the positional arguments.
+    """
+    params = request.params if isinstance(request.params, list) else []
+    return [context] + params if context is not NOCONTEXT else params
+
+
+def extract_kwargs(request: Request) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Extracts the keyword arguments from the reqeust.
+
+    Returns: A dict containing the keyword arguments.
+    """
+    return request.params if isinstance(request.params, dict) else {}
+
+
+def validate_result(result: Result) -> None:
+    """Validate the return value from a method.
+
+    Raises an AssertionError if the result returned from a method is invalid.
+
+    Returns: None
+    """
+    assert (isinstance(result, Left) and isinstance(result._error, ErrorResult)) or (
+        isinstance(result, Right) and isinstance(result._value, SuccessResult)
+    ), f"The method did not return a valid Result (returned {result!r})"
+
+
+def call(request: Request, context: Any, method: Method) -> Result:
+    """Call the method.
+
+    Handles any exceptions raised in the method, being sure to return an Error response.
+
+    Returns: A Result.
+    """
+    try:
+        result = method(*extract_args(request, context), **extract_kwargs(request))
+        # validate_result raises AssertionError if the return value is not a valid
+        # Result, which should respond with Internal Error because its a problem in the
+        # method.
+        validate_result(result)
+    # Raising JsonRpcError inside the method is an alternative way of returning an error
+    # response.
+    except JsonRpcError as exc:
+        return Left(ErrorResult(code=exc.code, message=exc.message, data=exc.data))
+    # Any other uncaught exception inside method - internal error.
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logging.exception(exc)
+        return Left(InternalErrorResult(str(exc)))
+    return result
+
+
+def validate_args(
+    request: Request, context: Any, func: Method
+) -> Either[ErrorResult, Method]:
+    """Ensure the method can be called with the arguments given.
+
+    Returns: Either the function to be called, or an Invalid Params error result.
+    """
+    try:
+        signature(func).bind(*extract_args(request, context), **extract_kwargs(request))
+    except TypeError as exc:
+        return Left(InvalidParamsResult(str(exc)))
+    return Right(func)
+
+
+def get_method(methods: Methods, method_name: str) -> Either[ErrorResult, Method]:
+    """Get the requested method from the methods dict.
+
+    Returns: Either the function to be called, or a Method Not Found result.
+    """
+    try:
+        return Right(methods[method_name])
+    except KeyError:
+        return Left(MethodNotFoundResult(method_name))
+
+
+def dispatch_request(
+    methods: Methods, context: Any, request: Request
+) -> Tuple[Request, Result]:
+    """Get the method, validates the arguments and calls the method.
+
+    Returns: A tuple containing the Result of the method, along with the original
+        Request. We need the ids from the original request to remove notifications
+        before responding, and  create a Response.
+    """
+    return (
+        request,
+        get_method(methods, request.method)
+        .bind(partial(validate_args, request, context))
+        .bind(partial(call, request, context)),
+    )
+
+
+def create_request(request: Dict[str, Any]) -> Request:
+    """Create a Request namedtuple from a dict."""
+    return Request(
+        request["method"], request.get("params", []), request.get("id", NOID)
+    )
+
+
+def not_notification(request_result: Any) -> bool:
+    """True if the request was not a notification.
+
+    Used to filter out notifications from the list of responses.
+    """
+    return request_result[0].id is not NOID
+
+
+def dispatch_deserialized(
+    methods: Methods,
+    context: Any,
+    post_process: Callable[[Response], Iterable[Any]],
+    deserialized: Deserialized,
+) -> Union[Response, List[Response], None]:
+    """This is simply continuing the pipeline from dispatch_to_response_pure. It exists
+    only to be an abstraction, otherwise that function is doing too much. It continues
+    on from the request string having been parsed and validated.
+
+    Returns: A Response, a list of Responses, or None. If post_process is passed, it's
+        applied to the Response(s).
+    """
+    results = map(
+        compose(partial(dispatch_request, methods, context), create_request),
+        make_list(deserialized),
+    )
+    responses = starmap(to_response, filter(not_notification, results))
+    return extract_list(isinstance(deserialized, list), map(post_process, responses))
+
+
+def validate_request(
+    validator: Callable[[Deserialized], Deserialized], request: Deserialized
+) -> Either[ErrorResponse, Deserialized]:
+    """Validate the request against a JSON-RPC schema.
+
+    Ensures the parsed request is valid JSON-RPC.
+
+    Returns: Either the same request passed in or an Invalid request response.
+    """
+    try:
+        validator(request)
+    # Since the validator is unknown, the specific exception that will be raised is also
+    # unknown. Any exception raised we assume the request is invalid and  return an
+    # "invalid request" response.
+    except Exception as exc:
+        return Left(InvalidRequestResponse("The request failed schema validation"))
+    return Right(request)
+
+
+def deserialize_request(
+    deserializer: Callable[[str], Deserialized], request: str
+) -> Either[ErrorResponse, Deserialized]:
+    """Parse the JSON request string.
+
+    Returns: Either the deserialized request or a "Parse Error" response.
+    """
+    try:
+        return Right(deserializer(request))
+    # Since the deserializer is unknown, the specific exception that will be raised is
+    # also unknown. Any exception raised we assume the request is invalid, return a
+    # parse error response.
+    except Exception as exc:
+        return Left(ParseErrorResponse(str(exc)))
+
+
+def dispatch_to_response_pure(
+    *,
+    deserializer: Callable[[str], Deserialized],
+    validator: Callable[[Deserialized], Deserialized],
+    methods: Methods,
+    context: Any,
+    post_process: Callable[[Response], Iterable[Any]],
+    request: str,
+) -> Union[Response, List[Response], None]:
+    """A function from JSON-RPC request string to Response namedtuple(s), (yet to be
+    serialized to json).
+
+    Returns: A single Response, a list of Responses, or None. None is given for
+        notifications or batches of notifications, to indicate that we should not
+        respond.
+    """
+    try:
+        result = deserialize_request(deserializer, request).bind(
+            partial(validate_request, validator)
+        )
+        return (
+            post_process(result)
+            if isinstance(result, Left)
+            else dispatch_deserialized(methods, context, post_process, result._value)
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:
+        # There was an error with the jsonrpcserver library.
+        logging.exception(exc)
+        return post_process(Left(ServerErrorResponse(str(exc), None)))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8e8bcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+"""A JsonRpcError exception can be raised from inside a method, as an alternative way to
+return an error response. See https://github.com/explodinglabs/jsonrpcserver/discussions/158
+"""
+from typing import Any
+from .sentinels import NODATA
+
+
+class JsonRpcError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, code: int, message: str, data: Any = NODATA):
+        self.code, self.message, self.data = (code, message, data)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/main.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0397a58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""The public functions.
+
+These three public functions all perform the same function of dispatching a JSON-RPC
+request, but they each give a different return value.
+
+- dispatch_to_responses: Returns Response(s) (or None for notifications).
+- dispatch_to_serializable: Returns a Python dict or list of dicts (or None for
+  notifications).
+- dispatch_to_json/dispatch: Returns a JSON-RPC response string (or an empty string for
+  notifications).
+"""
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Union, cast
+import json
+
+from jsonschema.validators import validator_for  # type: ignore
+from pkg_resources import resource_string
+
+from .dispatcher import dispatch_to_response_pure, Deserialized
+from .methods import Methods, global_methods
+from .response import Response, to_serializable_one
+from .sentinels import NOCONTEXT
+from .utils import identity
+
+
+default_deserializer = json.loads
+
+# Prepare the jsonschema validator. This is global so it loads only once, not every
+# time dispatch is called.
+schema = json.loads(resource_string(__name__, "request-schema.json"))
+klass = validator_for(schema)
+klass.check_schema(schema)
+default_validator = klass(schema).validate
+
+
+def dispatch_to_response(
+    request: str,
+    methods: Optional[Methods] = None,
+    *,
+    context: Any = NOCONTEXT,
+    deserializer: Callable[[str], Deserialized] = json.loads,
+    validator: Callable[[Deserialized], Deserialized] = default_validator,
+    post_process: Callable[[Response], Any] = identity,
+) -> Union[Response, List[Response], None]:
+    """Takes a JSON-RPC request string and dispatches it to method(s), giving Response
+    namedtuple(s) or None.
+
+    This is a public wrapper around dispatch_to_response_pure, adding globals and
+    default values to be nicer for end users.
+
+    Args:
+        request: The JSON-RPC request string.
+        methods: Dictionary of methods that can be called - mapping of function names to
+            functions. If not passed, uses the internal global_methods dict which is
+            populated with the @method decorator.
+        context: If given, will be passed as the first argument to methods.
+        deserializer: Function that deserializes the request string.
+        validator: Function that validates the JSON-RPC request. The function should
+            raise an exception if the request is invalid. To disable validation, pass
+            lambda _: None.
+        post_process: Function that will be applied to Responses.
+
+    Returns:
+        A Response, list of Responses or None.
+
+    Examples:
+       >>> dispatch('{"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "ping", "id": 1}')
+       '{"jsonrpc": "2.0", "result": "pong", "id": 1}'
+    """
+    return dispatch_to_response_pure(
+        deserializer=deserializer,
+        validator=validator,
+        post_process=post_process,
+        context=context,
+        methods=global_methods if methods is None else methods,
+        request=request,
+    )
+
+
+def dispatch_to_serializable(
+    *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+) -> Union[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]], None]:
+    """Takes a JSON-RPC request string and dispatches it to method(s), giving responses
+    as dicts (or None).
+    """
+    return cast(
+        Union[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]], None],
+        dispatch_to_response(*args, post_process=to_serializable_one, **kwargs),
+    )
+
+
+def dispatch_to_json(
+    *args: Any,
+    serializer: Callable[
+        [Union[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]], str]], str
+    ] = json.dumps,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> str:
+    """Takes a JSON-RPC request string and dispatches it to method(s), giving a JSON-RPC
+    response string.
+
+    This is the main public method, it goes through the entire JSON-RPC process - it's a
+    function from JSON-RPC request string to JSON-RPC response string.
+
+    Args:
+        serializer: A function to serialize a Python object to json.
+        The rest: Passed through to dispatch_to_serializable.
+    """
+    response = dispatch_to_serializable(*args, **kwargs)
+    # Better to respond with the empty string instead of json "null", because "null" is
+    # an invalid JSON-RPC response.
+    return "" if response is None else serializer(response)
+
+
+# "dispatch" aliases dispatch_to_json.
+dispatch = dispatch_to_json
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/methods.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/methods.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0d8fbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/methods.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""A method is a Python function that can be called by a JSON-RPC request.
+
+They're held in a dict, a mapping of function names to functions.
+
+The @method decorator adds a method to jsonrpcserver's internal global_methods dict.
+Alternatively pass your own dictionary of methods to `dispatch` with the methods param.
+
+    >>> dispatch(request)  # Uses the internal collection of funcs added with @method
+    >>> dispatch(request, methods={"ping": lambda: "pong"})  # Custom collection
+
+Methods can take either positional or named arguments, but not both. This is a
+limitation of JSON-RPC.
+"""
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Optional, cast
+
+from .result import Result
+
+Method = Callable[..., Result]
+Methods = Dict[str, Method]
+
+global_methods = dict()
+
+
+def method(
+    f: Optional[Method] = None, name: Optional[str] = None
+) -> Callable[..., Any]:
+    """A decorator to add a function into jsonrpcserver's internal global_methods dict.
+    The global_methods dict will be used by default unless a methods argument is passed
+    to `dispatch`.
+
+    Functions can be renamed by passing a name argument:
+
+        @method(name=bar)
+        def foo():
+            ...
+    """
+
+    def decorator(func: Method) -> Method:
+        nonlocal name
+        global_methods[name or func.__name__] = func
+        return func
+
+    return decorator(f) if callable(f) else cast(Method, decorator)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/request-schema.json b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/request-schema.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52bb147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/request-schema.json
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#",
+    "description": "A JSON RPC 2.0 request",
+    "oneOf": [
+        {
+            "description": "An individual request",
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/request"
+        },
+        {
+            "description": "An array of requests",
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/request" },
+            "minItems": 1
+        }
+    ],
+    "definitions": {
+        "request": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "required": [ "jsonrpc", "method" ],
+            "properties": {
+                "jsonrpc": { "enum": [ "2.0" ] },
+                "method": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "id": {
+                    "type": [ "string", "number", "null" ],
+                    "note": [
+                        "While allowed, null should be avoided: http://www.jsonrpc.org/specification#id1",
+                        "While allowed, a number with a fractional part should be avoided: http://www.jsonrpc.org/specification#id2"
+                    ]
+                },
+                "params": {
+                    "type": [ "array", "object" ]
+                }
+            },
+            "additionalProperties": false
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/request.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..958c36e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+"""A simple namedtuple to hold a request.
+
+After parsing the request string, we put the requests (which are dicts) into these
+Request namedtuples because they're nicer to work with.
+"""
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Union
+
+
+class Request(NamedTuple):
+    method: str
+    params: Union[List[Any], Dict[str, Any]]
+    id: Any  # Use NOID for a Notification.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/response.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/response.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc5d010
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/response.py
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+"""The response data types.
+
+https://www.jsonrpc.org/specification#response_object
+"""
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Type, NamedTuple, Union
+
+from oslash.either import Either, Left  # type: ignore
+
+from .codes import (
+    ERROR_INVALID_REQUEST,
+    ERROR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND,
+    ERROR_PARSE_ERROR,
+    ERROR_SERVER_ERROR,
+)
+from .sentinels import NODATA
+
+Deserialized = Union[Dict[str, Any], List[Dict[str, Any]]]
+
+
+class SuccessResponse(NamedTuple):
+    """
+    It would be nice to subclass Success here, adding only id. But it's not possible to
+    easily subclass NamedTuples in Python 3.6. (I believe it can be done in 3.8.)
+    """
+
+    result: str
+    id: Any
+
+
+class ErrorResponse(NamedTuple):
+    """
+    It would be nice to subclass Error here, adding only id. But it's not possible to
+    easily subclass NamedTuples in Python 3.6. (I believe it can be done in 3.8.)
+    """
+
+    code: int
+    message: str
+    data: Any
+    id: Any
+
+
+Response = Either[ErrorResponse, SuccessResponse]
+ResponseType = Type[Either[ErrorResponse, SuccessResponse]]
+
+
+def ParseErrorResponse(data: Any) -> ErrorResponse:
+    """
+    From the spec: "This (id) member is REQUIRED. It MUST be the same as the value of
+    the id member in the Request Object.  If there was an error in detecting the id in
+    the Request object (e.g. Parse error/Invalid Request), it MUST be Null."
+    """
+    return ErrorResponse(ERROR_PARSE_ERROR, "Parse error", data, None)
+
+
+def InvalidRequestResponse(data: Any) -> ErrorResponse:
+    """
+    From the spec: "This (id) member is REQUIRED. It MUST be the same as the value of
+    the id member in the Request Object.  If there was an error in detecting the id in
+    the Request object (e.g. Parse error/Invalid Request), it MUST be Null."
+    """
+    return ErrorResponse(ERROR_INVALID_REQUEST, "Invalid request", data, None)
+
+
+def MethodNotFoundResponse(data: Any, id: Any) -> ErrorResponse:
+    return ErrorResponse(ERROR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND, "Method not found", data, id)
+
+
+def ServerErrorResponse(data: Any, id: Any) -> ErrorResponse:
+    return ErrorResponse(ERROR_SERVER_ERROR, "Server error", data, id)
+
+
+def serialize_error(response: ErrorResponse) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "jsonrpc": "2.0",
+        "error": {
+            "code": response.code,
+            "message": response.message,
+            # "data" may be omitted.
+            **({"data": response.data} if response.data is not NODATA else {}),
+        },
+        "id": response.id,
+    }
+
+
+def serialize_success(response: SuccessResponse) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    return {"jsonrpc": "2.0", "result": response.result, "id": response.id}
+
+
+def to_serializable_one(response: ResponseType) -> Union[Deserialized, None]:
+    return (
+        serialize_error(response._error)
+        if isinstance(response, Left)
+        else serialize_success(response._value)
+    )
+
+
+def to_serializable(response: ResponseType) -> Union[Deserialized, None]:
+    if response is None:
+        return None
+    elif isinstance(response, List):
+        return [to_serializable_one(r) for r in response]
+    else:
+        return to_serializable_one(response)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/result.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/result.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..889b24e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/result.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+"""Result data types - the results of calling a method.
+
+Results are the JSON-RPC response objects
+(https://www.jsonrpc.org/specification#response_object), minus the "jsonrpc" and "id"
+parts - the library takes care of these parts for you.
+
+The public functions are Success, Error and InvalidParams.
+"""
+from typing import Any, NamedTuple
+
+from oslash.either import Either, Left, Right  # type: ignore
+
+from .codes import ERROR_INVALID_PARAMS, ERROR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND, ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR
+from .sentinels import NODATA
+
+
+class SuccessResult(NamedTuple):
+    result: Any = None
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"SuccessResult({self.result!r})"
+
+
+class ErrorResult(NamedTuple):
+    code: int
+    message: str
+    data: Any = NODATA  # The spec says this value may be omitted
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"ErrorResult(code={self.code!r}, message={self.message!r}, data={self.data!r})"
+
+
+# Union of the two valid result types
+Result = Either[ErrorResult, SuccessResult]
+
+
+# Helpers
+
+
+def MethodNotFoundResult(data: Any) -> ErrorResult:
+    return ErrorResult(ERROR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND, "Method not found", data)
+
+
+def InternalErrorResult(data: Any) -> ErrorResult:
+    return ErrorResult(ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "Internal error", data)
+
+
+def InvalidParamsResult(data: Any = NODATA) -> ErrorResult:
+    return ErrorResult(ERROR_INVALID_PARAMS, "Invalid params", data)
+
+
+# Helpers (the public functions)
+
+
+def Success(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Either[ErrorResult, SuccessResult]:
+    return Right(SuccessResult(*args, **kwargs))
+
+
+def Error(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Either[ErrorResult, SuccessResult]:
+    return Left(ErrorResult(*args, **kwargs))
+
+
+def InvalidParams(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Either[ErrorResult, SuccessResult]:
+    """InvalidParams is a shortcut to save you from having to pass the Invalid Params
+    JSON-RPC code to Error.
+    """
+    return Left(InvalidParamsResult(*args, **kwargs))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/sentinels.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/sentinels.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22cd64e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/sentinels.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+"""Sentinels - these are used to indicate no data is present.
+
+We can't use None, because None may be a valid piece of data.
+"""
+
+import sys
+
+
+class Sentinel:
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{sys.intern(str(self.name)).rsplit('.', 1)[-1]}>"
+
+
+NOCONTEXT = Sentinel("NoContext")
+NODATA = Sentinel("NoData")
+NOID = Sentinel("NoId")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/server.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/server.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bab5f91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/server.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import logging
+from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer
+
+from .main import dispatch
+
+
+class RequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
+    def do_POST(self) -> None:
+        response = dispatch(
+            self.rfile.read(int(str(self.headers["Content-Length"]))).decode()
+        )
+        if response is not None:
+            self.send_response(200)
+            self.send_header("Content-type", "application/json")
+            self.end_headers()
+            self.wfile.write(str(response).encode())
+
+
+def serve(name: str = "", port: int = 5000) -> None:
+    logging.info(" * Listening on port %s", port)
+    HTTPServer((name, port), RequestHandler).serve_forever()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd61e91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonrpcserver/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from functools import reduce
+from typing import Any, Callable, List
+
+
+identity = lambda x: x
+
+
+def compose(*fs: Callable[..., Any]) -> Callable[..., Any]:
+    def compose2(f: Callable[..., Any], g: Callable[..., Any]) -> Callable[..., Any]:
+        return lambda *a, **kw: f(g(*a, **kw))
+
+    return reduce(compose2, fs)
+
+
+def make_list(x: Any) -> List[Any]:
+    return [x] if not isinstance(x, list) else x
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/COPYING b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/COPYING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af9cfbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/COPYING
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Copyright (c) 2013 Julian Berman
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5606353
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: jsonschema
+Version: 4.4.0
+Summary: An implementation of JSON Schema validation for Python
+Home-page: https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema
+Author: Julian Berman
+Author-email: Julian@GrayVines.com
+License: MIT
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema
+Project-URL: Issues, https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/issues/
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Requires-Python: >=3.7
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+License-File: COPYING
+Requires-Dist: attrs (>=17.4.0)
+Requires-Dist: pyrsistent (!=0.17.0,!=0.17.1,!=0.17.2,>=0.14.0)
+Requires-Dist: importlib-metadata ; python_version < "3.8"
+Requires-Dist: typing-extensions ; python_version < "3.8"
+Requires-Dist: importlib-resources (>=1.4.0) ; python_version < "3.9"
+Provides-Extra: format
+Requires-Dist: fqdn ; extra == 'format'
+Requires-Dist: idna ; extra == 'format'
+Requires-Dist: isoduration ; extra == 'format'
+Requires-Dist: jsonpointer (>1.13) ; extra == 'format'
+Requires-Dist: rfc3339-validator ; extra == 'format'
+Requires-Dist: rfc3987 ; extra == 'format'
+Requires-Dist: uri-template ; extra == 'format'
+Requires-Dist: webcolors (>=1.11) ; extra == 'format'
+Provides-Extra: format_nongpl
+Requires-Dist: fqdn ; extra == 'format_nongpl'
+Requires-Dist: idna ; extra == 'format_nongpl'
+Requires-Dist: isoduration ; extra == 'format_nongpl'
+Requires-Dist: jsonpointer (>1.13) ; extra == 'format_nongpl'
+Requires-Dist: rfc3339-validator ; extra == 'format_nongpl'
+Requires-Dist: rfc3986-validator (>0.1.0) ; extra == 'format_nongpl'
+Requires-Dist: uri-template ; extra == 'format_nongpl'
+Requires-Dist: webcolors (>=1.11) ; extra == 'format_nongpl'
+
+==========
+jsonschema
+==========
+
+|PyPI| |Pythons| |CI| |ReadTheDocs| |Precommit| |Zenodo|
+
+.. |PyPI| image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/jsonschema.svg
+   :alt: PyPI version
+   :target: https://pypi.org/project/jsonschema/
+
+.. |Pythons| image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/jsonschema.svg
+   :alt: Supported Python versions
+   :target: https://pypi.org/project/jsonschema/
+
+.. |CI| image:: https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/workflows/CI/badge.svg
+  :alt: Build status
+  :target: https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/actions?query=workflow%3ACI
+
+.. |ReadTheDocs| image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/python-jsonschema/badge/?version=stable&style=flat
+   :alt: ReadTheDocs status
+   :target: https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
+
+.. |Precommit| image:: https://results.pre-commit.ci/badge/github/Julian/jsonschema/main.svg
+   :alt: pre-commit.ci status
+   :target: https://results.pre-commit.ci/latest/github/Julian/jsonschema/main
+
+.. |Zenodo| image:: https://zenodo.org/badge/3072629.svg
+   :target: https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/3072629
+
+
+``jsonschema`` is an implementation of the `JSON Schema
+<https://json-schema.org>`_ specification for Python.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    >>> from jsonschema import validate
+
+    >>> # A sample schema, like what we'd get from json.load()
+    >>> schema = {
+    ...     "type" : "object",
+    ...     "properties" : {
+    ...         "price" : {"type" : "number"},
+    ...         "name" : {"type" : "string"},
+    ...     },
+    ... }
+
+    >>> # If no exception is raised by validate(), the instance is valid.
+    >>> validate(instance={"name" : "Eggs", "price" : 34.99}, schema=schema)
+
+    >>> validate(
+    ...     instance={"name" : "Eggs", "price" : "Invalid"}, schema=schema,
+    ... )                                   # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValidationError: 'Invalid' is not of type 'number'
+
+It can also be used from console:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ jsonschema --instance sample.json sample.schema
+
+Features
+--------
+
+* Partial support for
+  `Draft 2020-12 <https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/validate/#jsonschema.Draft202012Validator>`_ and
+  `Draft 2019-09 <https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/validate/#jsonschema.Draft201909Validator>`_,
+  except for ``dynamicRef`` / ``recursiveRef`` and ``$vocabulary`` (in-progress).
+  Full support for
+  `Draft 7 <https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/validate/#jsonschema.Draft7Validator>`_,
+  `Draft 6 <https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/validate/#jsonschema.Draft6Validator>`_,
+  `Draft 4 <https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/validate/#jsonschema.Draft4Validator>`_
+  and
+  `Draft 3 <https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/validate/#jsonschema.Draft3Validator>`_
+
+* `Lazy validation <https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/validate/#jsonschema.protocols.Validator.iter_errors>`_
+  that can iteratively report *all* validation errors.
+
+* `Programmatic querying <https://python-jsonschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/errors/>`_
+  of which properties or items failed validation.
+
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+``jsonschema`` is available on `PyPI <https://pypi.org/project/jsonschema/>`_. You can install using `pip <https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/>`_:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ pip install jsonschema
+
+
+Running the Test Suite
+----------------------
+
+If you have ``tox`` installed (perhaps via ``pip install tox`` or your
+package manager), running ``tox`` in the directory of your source
+checkout will run ``jsonschema``'s test suite on all of the versions
+of Python ``jsonschema`` supports. If you don't have all of the
+versions that ``jsonschema`` is tested under, you'll likely want to run
+using ``tox``'s ``--skip-missing-interpreters`` option.
+
+Of course you're also free to just run the tests on a single version with your
+favorite test runner. The tests live in the ``jsonschema.tests`` package.
+
+
+Benchmarks
+----------
+
+``jsonschema``'s benchmarks make use of `pyperf
+<https://pyperf.readthedocs.io>`_. Running them can be done via::
+
+      $ tox -e perf
+
+
+Community
+---------
+
+The JSON Schema specification has `a Slack
+<https://json-schema.slack.com>`_, with an `invite link on its home page
+<https://json-schema.org/>`_. Many folks knowledgeable on authoring
+schemas can be found there.
+
+Otherwise, asking questions on Stack Overflow is another means of
+getting help if you're stuck.
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+I'm Julian Berman.
+
+``jsonschema`` is on `GitHub <https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema>`_.
+
+Get in touch, via GitHub or otherwise, if you've got something to contribute,
+it'd be most welcome!
+
+You can also generally find me on Libera (nick: ``Julian``) in various
+channels, including ``#python``.
+
+If you feel overwhelmingly grateful, you can also `sponsor me
+<https://github.com/sponsors/Julian/>`_.
+
+And for companies who appreciate ``jsonschema`` and its continued support
+and growth, ``jsonschema`` is also now supportable via `TideLift
+<https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-jsonschema?utm_source=pypi-j
+sonschema&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=readme>`_.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac59c21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
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+jsonschema/tests/test_exceptions.py,sha256=WOFFmvp9l9OgCR-bPx_VkLifuNNn7xnPeqpqk7Tjxf8,15700
+jsonschema/tests/test_format.py,sha256=Gu4are4xUyRQc8YL0z-RlDOIc9_96ISv83hZRf8R2t0,3763
+jsonschema/tests/test_jsonschema_test_suite.py,sha256=5Ej98xJe61PBw8uwanoY_D5zMY5wivy3dOjBn38t9uc,13605
+jsonschema/tests/test_types.py,sha256=DyvSKPtuaIu93Lkde80PkJkNOKgvCbaDYAfHz0yxyL0,6803
+jsonschema/tests/test_utils.py,sha256=lJRVYyQeZQTUCTU_M3BhlkxPMgjsc8KQCd7U_Qkook8,3749
+jsonschema/tests/test_validators.py,sha256=qkNF5FSMqB9nDSrmsuckOx-MOGDXTUTDzdtODwjnznE,73618
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..becc9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c627b31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[console_scripts]
+jsonschema = jsonschema.cli:main
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d89304b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema-4.4.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+jsonschema
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75f2946
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+"""
+An implementation of JSON Schema for Python
+
+The main functionality is provided by the validator classes for each of the
+supported JSON Schema versions.
+
+Most commonly, `validate` is the quickest way to simply validate a given
+instance under a schema, and will create a validator for you.
+"""
+import warnings
+
+from jsonschema._format import (
+    FormatChecker,
+    draft3_format_checker,
+    draft4_format_checker,
+    draft6_format_checker,
+    draft7_format_checker,
+    draft201909_format_checker,
+    draft202012_format_checker,
+)
+from jsonschema._types import TypeChecker
+from jsonschema.exceptions import (
+    ErrorTree,
+    FormatError,
+    RefResolutionError,
+    SchemaError,
+    ValidationError,
+)
+from jsonschema.protocols import Validator
+from jsonschema.validators import (
+    Draft3Validator,
+    Draft4Validator,
+    Draft6Validator,
+    Draft7Validator,
+    Draft201909Validator,
+    Draft202012Validator,
+    RefResolver,
+    validate,
+)
+
+
+def __getattr__(name):
+    if name == "__version__":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Accessing jsonschema.__version__ is deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in a future release. Use importlib.metadata directly "
+            "to query for jsonschema's version.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+        try:
+            from importlib import metadata
+        except ImportError:
+            import importlib_metadata as metadata
+
+        return metadata.version("jsonschema")
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__} has no attribute {name}")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/__main__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdc21e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from jsonschema.cli import main
+
+main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_format.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_format.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f99c65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_format.py
@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from contextlib import suppress
+from uuid import UUID
+import datetime
+import ipaddress
+import re
+import typing
+
+from jsonschema.exceptions import FormatError
+
+
+class FormatChecker(object):
+    """
+    A ``format`` property checker.
+
+    JSON Schema does not mandate that the ``format`` property actually do any
+    validation. If validation is desired however, instances of this class can
+    be hooked into validators to enable format validation.
+
+    `FormatChecker` objects always return ``True`` when asked about
+    formats that they do not know how to validate.
+
+    To check a custom format using a function that takes an instance and
+    returns a ``bool``, use the `FormatChecker.checks` or
+    `FormatChecker.cls_checks` decorators.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        formats (~collections.abc.Iterable):
+
+            The known formats to validate. This argument can be used to
+            limit which formats will be used during validation.
+    """
+
+    checkers: dict[
+        str,
+        tuple[
+            typing.Callable[[typing.Any], bool],
+            Exception | tuple[Exception, ...],
+        ],
+    ] = {}
+
+    def __init__(self, formats=None):
+        if formats is None:
+            self.checkers = self.checkers.copy()
+        else:
+            self.checkers = dict((k, self.checkers[k]) for k in formats)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<FormatChecker checkers={}>".format(sorted(self.checkers))
+
+    def checks(self, format, raises=()):
+        """
+        Register a decorated function as validating a new format.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            format (str):
+
+                The format that the decorated function will check.
+
+            raises (Exception):
+
+                The exception(s) raised by the decorated function when an
+                invalid instance is found.
+
+                The exception object will be accessible as the
+                `jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError.cause` attribute of the
+                resulting validation error.
+        """
+
+        def _checks(func):
+            self.checkers[format] = (func, raises)
+            return func
+        return _checks
+
+    cls_checks = classmethod(checks)
+
+    def check(self, instance, format):
+        """
+        Check whether the instance conforms to the given format.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance (*any primitive type*, i.e. str, number, bool):
+
+                The instance to check
+
+            format (str):
+
+                The format that instance should conform to
+
+
+        Raises:
+
+            FormatError: if the instance does not conform to ``format``
+        """
+
+        if format not in self.checkers:
+            return
+
+        func, raises = self.checkers[format]
+        result, cause = None, None
+        try:
+            result = func(instance)
+        except raises as e:
+            cause = e
+        if not result:
+            raise FormatError(f"{instance!r} is not a {format!r}", cause=cause)
+
+    def conforms(self, instance, format):
+        """
+        Check whether the instance conforms to the given format.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance (*any primitive type*, i.e. str, number, bool):
+
+                The instance to check
+
+            format (str):
+
+                The format that instance should conform to
+
+        Returns:
+
+            bool: whether it conformed
+        """
+
+        try:
+            self.check(instance, format)
+        except FormatError:
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+
+draft3_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft4_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft6_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft7_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft201909_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft202012_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+
+_draft_checkers = dict(
+    draft3=draft3_format_checker,
+    draft4=draft4_format_checker,
+    draft6=draft6_format_checker,
+    draft7=draft7_format_checker,
+    draft201909=draft201909_format_checker,
+    draft202012=draft202012_format_checker,
+)
+
+
+def _checks_drafts(
+    name=None,
+    draft3=None,
+    draft4=None,
+    draft6=None,
+    draft7=None,
+    draft201909=None,
+    draft202012=None,
+    raises=(),
+):
+    draft3 = draft3 or name
+    draft4 = draft4 or name
+    draft6 = draft6 or name
+    draft7 = draft7 or name
+    draft201909 = draft201909 or name
+    draft202012 = draft202012 or name
+
+    def wrap(func):
+        if draft3:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft3"].checks(draft3, raises)(func)
+        if draft4:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft4"].checks(draft4, raises)(func)
+        if draft6:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft6"].checks(draft6, raises)(func)
+        if draft7:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft7"].checks(draft7, raises)(func)
+        if draft201909:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft201909"].checks(draft201909, raises)(
+                func,
+            )
+        if draft202012:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft202012"].checks(draft202012, raises)(
+                func,
+            )
+
+        # Oy. This is bad global state, but relied upon for now, until
+        # deprecation. See https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/issues/519
+        # and test_format_checkers_come_with_defaults
+        FormatChecker.cls_checks(
+            draft202012 or draft201909 or draft7 or draft6 or draft4 or draft3,
+            raises,
+        )(func)
+        return func
+    return wrap
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(name="idn-email")
+@_checks_drafts(name="email")
+def is_email(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return "@" in instance
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(
+    draft3="ip-address",
+    draft4="ipv4",
+    draft6="ipv4",
+    draft7="ipv4",
+    draft201909="ipv4",
+    draft202012="ipv4",
+    raises=ipaddress.AddressValueError,
+)
+def is_ipv4(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return ipaddress.IPv4Address(instance)
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(name="ipv6", raises=ipaddress.AddressValueError)
+def is_ipv6(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    address = ipaddress.IPv6Address(instance)
+    return not getattr(address, "scope_id", "")
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    from fqdn import FQDN
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft3="host-name",
+        draft4="hostname",
+        draft6="hostname",
+        draft7="hostname",
+        draft201909="hostname",
+        draft202012="hostname",
+    )
+    def is_host_name(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return FQDN(instance).is_valid
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    # The built-in `idna` codec only implements RFC 3890, so we go elsewhere.
+    import idna
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="idn-hostname",
+        draft201909="idn-hostname",
+        draft202012="idn-hostname",
+        raises=(idna.IDNAError, UnicodeError),
+    )
+    def is_idn_host_name(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        idna.encode(instance)
+        return True
+
+
+try:
+    import rfc3987
+except ImportError:
+    with suppress(ImportError):
+        from rfc3986_validator import validate_rfc3986
+
+        @_checks_drafts(name="uri")
+        def is_uri(instance):
+            if not isinstance(instance, str):
+                return True
+            return validate_rfc3986(instance, rule="URI")
+
+        @_checks_drafts(
+            draft6="uri-reference",
+            draft7="uri-reference",
+            draft201909="uri-reference",
+            draft202012="uri-reference",
+            raises=ValueError,
+        )
+        def is_uri_reference(instance):
+            if not isinstance(instance, str):
+                return True
+            return validate_rfc3986(instance, rule="URI_reference")
+
+else:
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="iri",
+        draft201909="iri",
+        draft202012="iri",
+        raises=ValueError,
+    )
+    def is_iri(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="IRI")
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="iri-reference",
+        draft201909="iri-reference",
+        draft202012="iri-reference",
+        raises=ValueError,
+    )
+    def is_iri_reference(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="IRI_reference")
+
+    @_checks_drafts(name="uri", raises=ValueError)
+    def is_uri(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="URI")
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft6="uri-reference",
+        draft7="uri-reference",
+        draft201909="uri-reference",
+        draft202012="uri-reference",
+        raises=ValueError,
+    )
+    def is_uri_reference(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="URI_reference")
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    from rfc3339_validator import validate_rfc3339
+
+    @_checks_drafts(name="date-time")
+    def is_datetime(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return validate_rfc3339(instance.upper())
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="time",
+        draft201909="time",
+        draft202012="time",
+    )
+    def is_time(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return is_datetime("1970-01-01T" + instance)
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(name="regex", raises=re.error)
+def is_regex(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return re.compile(instance)
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(
+    draft3="date",
+    draft7="date",
+    draft201909="date",
+    draft202012="date",
+    raises=ValueError,
+)
+def is_date(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return instance.isascii() and datetime.date.fromisoformat(instance)
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(draft3="time", raises=ValueError)
+def is_draft3_time(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return datetime.datetime.strptime(instance, "%H:%M:%S")
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    from webcolors import CSS21_NAMES_TO_HEX
+    import webcolors
+
+    def is_css_color_code(instance):
+        return webcolors.normalize_hex(instance)
+
+    @_checks_drafts(draft3="color", raises=(ValueError, TypeError))
+    def is_css21_color(instance):
+        if (
+            not isinstance(instance, str)
+            or instance.lower() in CSS21_NAMES_TO_HEX
+        ):
+            return True
+        return is_css_color_code(instance)
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    import jsonpointer
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft6="json-pointer",
+        draft7="json-pointer",
+        draft201909="json-pointer",
+        draft202012="json-pointer",
+        raises=jsonpointer.JsonPointerException,
+    )
+    def is_json_pointer(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return jsonpointer.JsonPointer(instance)
+
+    # TODO: I don't want to maintain this, so it
+    #       needs to go either into jsonpointer (pending
+    #       https://github.com/stefankoegl/python-json-pointer/issues/34) or
+    #       into a new external library.
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="relative-json-pointer",
+        draft201909="relative-json-pointer",
+        draft202012="relative-json-pointer",
+        raises=jsonpointer.JsonPointerException,
+    )
+    def is_relative_json_pointer(instance):
+        # Definition taken from:
+        # https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-handrews-relative-json-pointer-01#section-3
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        non_negative_integer, rest = [], ""
+        for i, character in enumerate(instance):
+            if character.isdigit():
+                # digits with a leading "0" are not allowed
+                if i > 0 and int(instance[i - 1]) == 0:
+                    return False
+
+                non_negative_integer.append(character)
+                continue
+
+            if not non_negative_integer:
+                return False
+
+            rest = instance[i:]
+            break
+        return (rest == "#") or jsonpointer.JsonPointer(rest)
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    import uri_template
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft6="uri-template",
+        draft7="uri-template",
+        draft201909="uri-template",
+        draft202012="uri-template",
+    )
+    def is_uri_template(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return uri_template.validate(instance)
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    import isoduration
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft201909="duration",
+        draft202012="duration",
+        raises=isoduration.DurationParsingException,
+    )
+    def is_duration(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return isoduration.parse_duration(instance)
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(
+    draft201909="uuid",
+    draft202012="uuid",
+    raises=ValueError,
+)
+def is_uuid(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    UUID(instance)
+    return all(instance[position] == "-" for position in (8, 13, 18, 23))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_legacy_validators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_legacy_validators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8eff2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_legacy_validators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+from jsonschema import _utils
+from jsonschema.exceptions import ValidationError
+
+
+def ignore_ref_siblings(schema):
+    """
+    Ignore siblings of ``$ref`` if it is present.
+
+    Otherwise, return all validators.
+
+    Suitable for use with `create`'s ``applicable_validators`` argument.
+    """
+    ref = schema.get("$ref")
+    if ref is not None:
+        return [("$ref", ref)]
+    else:
+        return schema.items()
+
+
+def dependencies_draft3(validator, dependencies, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in dependencies.items():
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+
+        if validator.is_type(dependency, "object"):
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance, dependency, schema_path=property,
+            )
+        elif validator.is_type(dependency, "string"):
+            if dependency not in instance:
+                message = f"{dependency!r} is a dependency of {property!r}"
+                yield ValidationError(message)
+        else:
+            for each in dependency:
+                if each not in instance:
+                    message = f"{each!r} is a dependency of {property!r}"
+                    yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def dependencies_draft4_draft6_draft7(
+    validator,
+    dependencies,
+    instance,
+    schema,
+):
+    """
+    Support for the ``dependencies`` validator from pre-draft 2019-09.
+
+    In later drafts, the validator was split into separate
+    ``dependentRequired`` and ``dependentSchemas`` validators.
+    """
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in dependencies.items():
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+
+        if validator.is_type(dependency, "array"):
+            for each in dependency:
+                if each not in instance:
+                    message = f"{each!r} is a dependency of {property!r}"
+                    yield ValidationError(message)
+        else:
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance, dependency, schema_path=property,
+            )
+
+
+def disallow_draft3(validator, disallow, instance, schema):
+    for disallowed in _utils.ensure_list(disallow):
+        if validator.evolve(schema={"type": [disallowed]}).is_valid(instance):
+            message = f"{disallowed!r} is disallowed for {instance!r}"
+            yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def extends_draft3(validator, extends, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(extends, "object"):
+        yield from validator.descend(instance, extends)
+        return
+    for index, subschema in enumerate(extends):
+        yield from validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index)
+
+
+def items_draft3_draft4(validator, items, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    if validator.is_type(items, "object"):
+        for index, item in enumerate(instance):
+            yield from validator.descend(item, items, path=index)
+    else:
+        for (index, item), subschema in zip(enumerate(instance), items):
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                item, subschema, path=index, schema_path=index,
+            )
+
+
+def items_draft6_draft7_draft201909(validator, items, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    if validator.is_type(items, "array"):
+        for (index, item), subschema in zip(enumerate(instance), items):
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                item, subschema, path=index, schema_path=index,
+            )
+    else:
+        for index, item in enumerate(instance):
+            yield from validator.descend(item, items, path=index)
+
+
+def minimum_draft3_draft4(validator, minimum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if schema.get("exclusiveMinimum", False):
+        failed = instance <= minimum
+        cmp = "less than or equal to"
+    else:
+        failed = instance < minimum
+        cmp = "less than"
+
+    if failed:
+        message = f"{instance!r} is {cmp} the minimum of {minimum!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def maximum_draft3_draft4(validator, maximum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if schema.get("exclusiveMaximum", False):
+        failed = instance >= maximum
+        cmp = "greater than or equal to"
+    else:
+        failed = instance > maximum
+        cmp = "greater than"
+
+    if failed:
+        message = f"{instance!r} is {cmp} the maximum of {maximum!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def properties_draft3(validator, properties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, subschema in properties.items():
+        if property in instance:
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance[property],
+                subschema,
+                path=property,
+                schema_path=property,
+            )
+        elif subschema.get("required", False):
+            error = ValidationError(f"{property!r} is a required property")
+            error._set(
+                validator="required",
+                validator_value=subschema["required"],
+                instance=instance,
+                schema=schema,
+            )
+            error.path.appendleft(property)
+            error.schema_path.extend([property, "required"])
+            yield error
+
+
+def type_draft3(validator, types, instance, schema):
+    types = _utils.ensure_list(types)
+
+    all_errors = []
+    for index, type in enumerate(types):
+        if validator.is_type(type, "object"):
+            errors = list(validator.descend(instance, type, schema_path=index))
+            if not errors:
+                return
+            all_errors.extend(errors)
+        else:
+            if validator.is_type(instance, type):
+                return
+    else:
+        reprs = []
+        for type in types:
+            try:
+                reprs.append(repr(type["name"]))
+            except Exception:
+                reprs.append(repr(type))
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"{instance!r} is not of type {', '.join(reprs)}",
+            context=all_errors,
+        )
+
+
+def contains_draft6_draft7(validator, contains, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    if not any(
+        validator.evolve(schema=contains).is_valid(element)
+        for element in instance
+    ):
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"None of {instance!r} are valid under the given schema",
+        )
+
+
+def recursiveRef(validator, recursiveRef, instance, schema):
+    lookup_url, target = validator.resolver.resolution_scope, validator.schema
+
+    for each in reversed(validator.resolver._scopes_stack[1:]):
+        lookup_url, next_target = validator.resolver.resolve(each)
+        if next_target.get("$recursiveAnchor"):
+            target = next_target
+        else:
+            break
+
+    fragment = recursiveRef.lstrip("#")
+    subschema = validator.resolver.resolve_fragment(target, fragment)
+    yield from validator.descend(instance, subschema)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_reflect.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_reflect.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39ee7a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_reflect.py
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+# -*- test-case-name: twisted.test.test_reflect -*-
+# Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories.
+# See LICENSE for details.
+
+"""
+Standardized versions of various cool and/or strange things that you can do
+with Python's reflection capabilities.
+"""
+
+import sys
+
+
+class _NoModuleFound(Exception):
+    """
+    No module was found because none exists.
+    """
+
+
+
+class InvalidName(ValueError):
+    """
+    The given name is not a dot-separated list of Python objects.
+    """
+
+
+
+class ModuleNotFound(InvalidName):
+    """
+    The module associated with the given name doesn't exist and it can't be
+    imported.
+    """
+
+
+
+class ObjectNotFound(InvalidName):
+    """
+    The object associated with the given name doesn't exist and it can't be
+    imported.
+    """
+
+
+
+def reraise(exception, traceback):
+    raise exception.with_traceback(traceback)
+
+reraise.__doc__ = """
+Re-raise an exception, with an optional traceback, in a way that is compatible
+with both Python 2 and Python 3.
+
+Note that on Python 3, re-raised exceptions will be mutated, with their
+C{__traceback__} attribute being set.
+
+@param exception: The exception instance.
+@param traceback: The traceback to use, or C{None} indicating a new traceback.
+"""
+
+
+def _importAndCheckStack(importName):
+    """
+    Import the given name as a module, then walk the stack to determine whether
+    the failure was the module not existing, or some code in the module (for
+    example a dependent import) failing.  This can be helpful to determine
+    whether any actual application code was run.  For example, to distiguish
+    administrative error (entering the wrong module name), from programmer
+    error (writing buggy code in a module that fails to import).
+
+    @param importName: The name of the module to import.
+    @type importName: C{str}
+    @raise Exception: if something bad happens.  This can be any type of
+        exception, since nobody knows what loading some arbitrary code might
+        do.
+    @raise _NoModuleFound: if no module was found.
+    """
+    try:
+        return __import__(importName)
+    except ImportError:
+        excType, excValue, excTraceback = sys.exc_info()
+        while excTraceback:
+            execName = excTraceback.tb_frame.f_globals["__name__"]
+            # in Python 2 execName is None when an ImportError is encountered,
+            # where in Python 3 execName is equal to the importName.
+            if execName is None or execName == importName:
+                reraise(excValue, excTraceback)
+            excTraceback = excTraceback.tb_next
+        raise _NoModuleFound()
+
+
+
+def namedAny(name):
+    """
+    Retrieve a Python object by its fully qualified name from the global Python
+    module namespace.  The first part of the name, that describes a module,
+    will be discovered and imported.  Each subsequent part of the name is
+    treated as the name of an attribute of the object specified by all of the
+    name which came before it.  For example, the fully-qualified name of this
+    object is 'twisted.python.reflect.namedAny'.
+
+    @type name: L{str}
+    @param name: The name of the object to return.
+
+    @raise InvalidName: If the name is an empty string, starts or ends with
+        a '.', or is otherwise syntactically incorrect.
+
+    @raise ModuleNotFound: If the name is syntactically correct but the
+        module it specifies cannot be imported because it does not appear to
+        exist.
+
+    @raise ObjectNotFound: If the name is syntactically correct, includes at
+        least one '.', but the module it specifies cannot be imported because
+        it does not appear to exist.
+
+    @raise AttributeError: If an attribute of an object along the way cannot be
+        accessed, or a module along the way is not found.
+
+    @return: the Python object identified by 'name'.
+    """
+    if not name:
+        raise InvalidName('Empty module name')
+
+    names = name.split('.')
+
+    # if the name starts or ends with a '.' or contains '..', the __import__
+    # will raise an 'Empty module name' error. This will provide a better error
+    # message.
+    if '' in names:
+        raise InvalidName(
+            "name must be a string giving a '.'-separated list of Python "
+            "identifiers, not %r" % (name,))
+
+    topLevelPackage = None
+    moduleNames = names[:]
+    while not topLevelPackage:
+        if moduleNames:
+            trialname = '.'.join(moduleNames)
+            try:
+                topLevelPackage = _importAndCheckStack(trialname)
+            except _NoModuleFound:
+                moduleNames.pop()
+        else:
+            if len(names) == 1:
+                raise ModuleNotFound("No module named %r" % (name,))
+            else:
+                raise ObjectNotFound('%r does not name an object' % (name,))
+
+    obj = topLevelPackage
+    for n in names[1:]:
+        obj = getattr(obj, n)
+
+    return obj
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_types.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d59eb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import numbers
+import typing
+
+from pyrsistent import pmap
+import attr
+
+from jsonschema.exceptions import UndefinedTypeCheck
+
+
+# unfortunately, the type of pmap is generic, and if used as the attr.ib
+# converter, the generic type is presented to mypy, which then fails to match
+# the concrete type of a type checker mapping
+# this "do nothing" wrapper presents the correct information to mypy
+def _typed_pmap_converter(
+    init_val: typing.Mapping[
+        str,
+        typing.Callable[["TypeChecker", typing.Any], bool],
+    ],
+) -> typing.Mapping[str, typing.Callable[["TypeChecker", typing.Any], bool]]:
+    return typing.cast(
+        typing.Mapping[
+            str,
+            typing.Callable[["TypeChecker", typing.Any], bool],
+        ],
+        pmap(init_val),
+    )
+
+
+def is_array(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, list)
+
+
+def is_bool(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, bool)
+
+
+def is_integer(checker, instance):
+    # bool inherits from int, so ensure bools aren't reported as ints
+    if isinstance(instance, bool):
+        return False
+    return isinstance(instance, int)
+
+
+def is_null(checker, instance):
+    return instance is None
+
+
+def is_number(checker, instance):
+    # bool inherits from int, so ensure bools aren't reported as ints
+    if isinstance(instance, bool):
+        return False
+    return isinstance(instance, numbers.Number)
+
+
+def is_object(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, dict)
+
+
+def is_string(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, str)
+
+
+def is_any(checker, instance):
+    return True
+
+
+@attr.s(frozen=True)
+class TypeChecker(object):
+    """
+    A ``type`` property checker.
+
+    A `TypeChecker` performs type checking for a `Validator`. Type
+    checks to perform are updated using `TypeChecker.redefine` or
+    `TypeChecker.redefine_many` and removed via `TypeChecker.remove`.
+    Each of these return a new `TypeChecker` object.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        type_checkers (dict):
+
+            The initial mapping of types to their checking functions.
+    """
+
+    _type_checkers: typing.Mapping[
+        str, typing.Callable[["TypeChecker", typing.Any], bool],
+    ] = attr.ib(
+        default=pmap(),
+        converter=_typed_pmap_converter,
+    )
+
+    def is_type(self, instance, type):
+        """
+        Check if the instance is of the appropriate type.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance (object):
+
+                The instance to check
+
+            type (str):
+
+                The name of the type that is expected.
+
+        Returns:
+
+            bool: Whether it conformed.
+
+
+        Raises:
+
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.UndefinedTypeCheck`:
+                if type is unknown to this object.
+        """
+        try:
+            fn = self._type_checkers[type]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise UndefinedTypeCheck(type) from None
+
+        return fn(self, instance)
+
+    def redefine(self, type, fn):
+        """
+        Produce a new checker with the given type redefined.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            type (str):
+
+                The name of the type to check.
+
+            fn (collections.abc.Callable):
+
+                A function taking exactly two parameters - the type
+                checker calling the function and the instance to check.
+                The function should return true if instance is of this
+                type and false otherwise.
+
+        Returns:
+
+            A new `TypeChecker` instance.
+        """
+        return self.redefine_many({type: fn})
+
+    def redefine_many(self, definitions=()):
+        """
+        Produce a new checker with the given types redefined.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            definitions (dict):
+
+                A dictionary mapping types to their checking functions.
+
+        Returns:
+
+            A new `TypeChecker` instance.
+        """
+        return attr.evolve(
+            self, type_checkers=self._type_checkers.update(definitions),
+        )
+
+    def remove(self, *types):
+        """
+        Produce a new checker with the given types forgotten.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            types (~collections.abc.Iterable):
+
+                the names of the types to remove.
+
+        Returns:
+
+            A new `TypeChecker` instance
+
+        Raises:
+
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.UndefinedTypeCheck`:
+
+                if any given type is unknown to this object
+        """
+
+        checkers = self._type_checkers
+        for each in types:
+            try:
+                checkers = checkers.remove(each)
+            except KeyError:
+                raise UndefinedTypeCheck(each)
+        return attr.evolve(self, type_checkers=checkers)
+
+
+draft3_type_checker = TypeChecker(
+    {
+        "any": is_any,
+        "array": is_array,
+        "boolean": is_bool,
+        "integer": is_integer,
+        "object": is_object,
+        "null": is_null,
+        "number": is_number,
+        "string": is_string,
+    },
+)
+draft4_type_checker = draft3_type_checker.remove("any")
+draft6_type_checker = draft4_type_checker.redefine(
+    "integer",
+    lambda checker, instance: (
+        is_integer(checker, instance)
+        or isinstance(instance, float) and instance.is_integer()
+    ),
+)
+draft7_type_checker = draft6_type_checker
+draft201909_type_checker = draft7_type_checker
+draft202012_type_checker = draft201909_type_checker
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c66b07d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+from collections.abc import Mapping, MutableMapping, Sequence
+from urllib.parse import urlsplit
+import itertools
+import json
+import re
+import sys
+
+# The files() API was added in Python 3.9.
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 9):  # pragma: no cover
+    from importlib import resources
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+    import importlib_resources as resources  # type: ignore
+
+
+class URIDict(MutableMapping):
+    """
+    Dictionary which uses normalized URIs as keys.
+    """
+
+    def normalize(self, uri):
+        return urlsplit(uri).geturl()
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.store = dict()
+        self.store.update(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, uri):
+        return self.store[self.normalize(uri)]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, uri, value):
+        self.store[self.normalize(uri)] = value
+
+    def __delitem__(self, uri):
+        del self.store[self.normalize(uri)]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.store)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.store)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return repr(self.store)
+
+
+class Unset(object):
+    """
+    An as-of-yet unset attribute or unprovided default parameter.
+    """
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<unset>"
+
+
+def load_schema(name):
+    """
+    Load a schema from ./schemas/``name``.json and return it.
+    """
+
+    path = resources.files(__package__).joinpath(f"schemas/{name}.json")
+    data = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    return json.loads(data)
+
+
+def format_as_index(container, indices):
+    """
+    Construct a single string containing indexing operations for the indices.
+
+    For example for a container ``bar``, [1, 2, "foo"] -> bar[1][2]["foo"]
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        container (str):
+
+            A word to use for the thing being indexed
+
+        indices (sequence):
+
+            The indices to format.
+    """
+
+    if not indices:
+        return container
+    return f"{container}[{']['.join(repr(index) for index in indices)}]"
+
+
+def find_additional_properties(instance, schema):
+    """
+    Return the set of additional properties for the given ``instance``.
+
+    Weeds out properties that should have been validated by ``properties`` and
+    / or ``patternProperties``.
+
+    Assumes ``instance`` is dict-like already.
+    """
+
+    properties = schema.get("properties", {})
+    patterns = "|".join(schema.get("patternProperties", {}))
+    for property in instance:
+        if property not in properties:
+            if patterns and re.search(patterns, property):
+                continue
+            yield property
+
+
+def extras_msg(extras):
+    """
+    Create an error message for extra items or properties.
+    """
+
+    if len(extras) == 1:
+        verb = "was"
+    else:
+        verb = "were"
+    return ", ".join(repr(extra) for extra in extras), verb
+
+
+def ensure_list(thing):
+    """
+    Wrap ``thing`` in a list if it's a single str.
+
+    Otherwise, return it unchanged.
+    """
+
+    if isinstance(thing, str):
+        return [thing]
+    return thing
+
+
+def _mapping_equal(one, two):
+    """
+    Check if two mappings are equal using the semantics of `equal`.
+    """
+    if len(one) != len(two):
+        return False
+    return all(
+        key in two and equal(value, two[key])
+        for key, value in one.items()
+    )
+
+
+def _sequence_equal(one, two):
+    """
+    Check if two sequences are equal using the semantics of `equal`.
+    """
+    if len(one) != len(two):
+        return False
+    return all(equal(i, j) for i, j in zip(one, two))
+
+
+def equal(one, two):
+    """
+    Check if two things are equal evading some Python type hierarchy semantics.
+
+    Specifically in JSON Schema, evade `bool` inheriting from `int`,
+    recursing into sequences to do the same.
+    """
+    if isinstance(one, str) or isinstance(two, str):
+        return one == two
+    if isinstance(one, Sequence) and isinstance(two, Sequence):
+        return _sequence_equal(one, two)
+    if isinstance(one, Mapping) and isinstance(two, Mapping):
+        return _mapping_equal(one, two)
+    return unbool(one) == unbool(two)
+
+
+def unbool(element, true=object(), false=object()):
+    """
+    A hack to make True and 1 and False and 0 unique for ``uniq``.
+    """
+
+    if element is True:
+        return true
+    elif element is False:
+        return false
+    return element
+
+
+def uniq(container):
+    """
+    Check if all of a container's elements are unique.
+
+    Tries to rely on the container being recursively sortable, or otherwise
+    falls back on (slow) brute force.
+    """
+    try:
+        sort = sorted(unbool(i) for i in container)
+        sliced = itertools.islice(sort, 1, None)
+
+        for i, j in zip(sort, sliced):
+            if equal(i, j):
+                return False
+
+    except (NotImplementedError, TypeError):
+        seen = []
+        for e in container:
+            e = unbool(e)
+
+            for i in seen:
+                if equal(i, e):
+                    return False
+
+            seen.append(e)
+    return True
+
+
+def find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(validator, instance, schema):
+    """
+    Get all indexes of items that get evaluated under the current schema
+
+    Covers all keywords related to unevaluatedItems: items, prefixItems, if,
+    then, else, contains, unevaluatedItems, allOf, oneOf, anyOf
+    """
+    if validator.is_type(schema, "boolean"):
+        return []
+    evaluated_indexes = []
+
+    if "items" in schema:
+        return list(range(0, len(instance)))
+
+    if "$ref" in schema:
+        scope, resolved = validator.resolver.resolve(schema["$ref"])
+        validator.resolver.push_scope(scope)
+
+        try:
+            evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, resolved)
+        finally:
+            validator.resolver.pop_scope()
+
+    if "prefixItems" in schema:
+        evaluated_indexes += list(range(0, len(schema["prefixItems"])))
+
+    if "if" in schema:
+        if validator.evolve(schema=schema["if"]).is_valid(instance):
+            evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["if"],
+            )
+            if "then" in schema:
+                evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                    validator, instance, schema["then"],
+                )
+        else:
+            if "else" in schema:
+                evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                    validator, instance, schema["else"],
+                )
+
+    for keyword in ["contains", "unevaluatedItems"]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            for k, v in enumerate(instance):
+                if validator.evolve(schema=schema[keyword]).is_valid(v):
+                    evaluated_indexes.append(k)
+
+    for keyword in ["allOf", "oneOf", "anyOf"]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            for subschema in schema[keyword]:
+                errs = list(validator.descend(instance, subschema))
+                if not errs:
+                    evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                        validator, instance, subschema,
+                    )
+
+    return evaluated_indexes
+
+
+def find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(validator, instance, schema):
+    """
+    Get all keys of items that get evaluated under the current schema
+
+    Covers all keywords related to unevaluatedProperties: properties,
+    additionalProperties, unevaluatedProperties, patternProperties,
+    dependentSchemas, allOf, oneOf, anyOf, if, then, else
+    """
+    if validator.is_type(schema, "boolean"):
+        return []
+    evaluated_keys = []
+
+    if "$ref" in schema:
+        scope, resolved = validator.resolver.resolve(schema["$ref"])
+        validator.resolver.push_scope(scope)
+
+        try:
+            evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, resolved,
+            )
+        finally:
+            validator.resolver.pop_scope()
+
+    for keyword in [
+        "properties", "additionalProperties", "unevaluatedProperties",
+    ]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            if validator.is_type(schema[keyword], "boolean"):
+                for property, value in instance.items():
+                    if validator.evolve(schema=schema[keyword]).is_valid(
+                        {property: value},
+                    ):
+                        evaluated_keys.append(property)
+
+            if validator.is_type(schema[keyword], "object"):
+                for property, subschema in schema[keyword].items():
+                    if property in instance and validator.evolve(
+                        schema=subschema,
+                    ).is_valid(instance[property]):
+                        evaluated_keys.append(property)
+
+    if "patternProperties" in schema:
+        for property, value in instance.items():
+            for pattern, _ in schema["patternProperties"].items():
+                if re.search(pattern, property) and validator.evolve(
+                    schema=schema["patternProperties"],
+                ).is_valid({property: value}):
+                    evaluated_keys.append(property)
+
+    if "dependentSchemas" in schema:
+        for property, subschema in schema["dependentSchemas"].items():
+            if property not in instance:
+                continue
+            evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, subschema,
+            )
+
+    for keyword in ["allOf", "oneOf", "anyOf"]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            for subschema in schema[keyword]:
+                errs = list(validator.descend(instance, subschema))
+                if not errs:
+                    evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                        validator, instance, subschema,
+                    )
+
+    if "if" in schema:
+        if validator.evolve(schema=schema["if"]).is_valid(instance):
+            evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["if"],
+            )
+            if "then" in schema:
+                evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                    validator, instance, schema["then"],
+                )
+        else:
+            if "else" in schema:
+                evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                    validator, instance, schema["else"],
+                )
+
+    return evaluated_keys
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a07f5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,463 @@
+from fractions import Fraction
+from urllib.parse import urldefrag, urljoin
+import re
+
+from jsonschema._utils import (
+    ensure_list,
+    equal,
+    extras_msg,
+    find_additional_properties,
+    find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema,
+    find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema,
+    unbool,
+    uniq,
+)
+from jsonschema.exceptions import FormatError, ValidationError
+
+
+def patternProperties(validator, patternProperties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for pattern, subschema in patternProperties.items():
+        for k, v in instance.items():
+            if re.search(pattern, k):
+                yield from validator.descend(
+                    v, subschema, path=k, schema_path=pattern,
+                )
+
+
+def propertyNames(validator, propertyNames, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property in instance:
+        yield from validator.descend(instance=property, schema=propertyNames)
+
+
+def additionalProperties(validator, aP, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    extras = set(find_additional_properties(instance, schema))
+
+    if validator.is_type(aP, "object"):
+        for extra in extras:
+            yield from validator.descend(instance[extra], aP, path=extra)
+    elif not aP and extras:
+        if "patternProperties" in schema:
+            if len(extras) == 1:
+                verb = "does"
+            else:
+                verb = "do"
+
+            joined = ", ".join(repr(each) for each in sorted(extras))
+            patterns = ", ".join(
+                repr(each) for each in sorted(schema["patternProperties"])
+            )
+            error = f"{joined} {verb} not match any of the regexes: {patterns}"
+            yield ValidationError(error)
+        else:
+            error = "Additional properties are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+            yield ValidationError(error % extras_msg(extras))
+
+
+def items(validator, items, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    prefix = len(schema.get("prefixItems", []))
+    total = len(instance)
+    if items is False and total > prefix:
+        message = f"Expected at most {prefix} items, but found {total}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+    else:
+        for index in range(prefix, total):
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance=instance[index],
+                schema=items,
+                path=index,
+            )
+
+
+def additionalItems(validator, aI, instance, schema):
+    if (
+        not validator.is_type(instance, "array")
+        or validator.is_type(schema.get("items", {}), "object")
+    ):
+        return
+
+    len_items = len(schema.get("items", []))
+    if validator.is_type(aI, "object"):
+        for index, item in enumerate(instance[len_items:], start=len_items):
+            yield from validator.descend(item, aI, path=index)
+    elif not aI and len(instance) > len(schema.get("items", [])):
+        error = "Additional items are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+        yield ValidationError(
+            error % extras_msg(instance[len(schema.get("items", [])):]),
+        )
+
+
+def const(validator, const, instance, schema):
+    if not equal(instance, const):
+        yield ValidationError(f"{const!r} was expected")
+
+
+def contains(validator, contains, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    matches = 0
+    min_contains = schema.get("minContains", 1)
+    max_contains = schema.get("maxContains", len(instance))
+
+    for each in instance:
+        if validator.evolve(schema=contains).is_valid(each):
+            matches += 1
+            if matches > max_contains:
+                yield ValidationError(
+                    "Too many items match the given schema "
+                    f"(expected at most {max_contains})",
+                    validator="maxContains",
+                    validator_value=max_contains,
+                )
+                return
+
+    if matches < min_contains:
+        if not matches:
+            yield ValidationError(
+                f"{instance!r} does not contain items "
+                "matching the given schema",
+            )
+        else:
+            yield ValidationError(
+                "Too few items match the given schema (expected at least "
+                f"{min_contains} but only {matches} matched)",
+                validator="minContains",
+                validator_value=min_contains,
+            )
+
+
+def exclusiveMinimum(validator, minimum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance <= minimum:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"{instance!r} is less than or equal to "
+            f"the minimum of {minimum!r}",
+        )
+
+
+def exclusiveMaximum(validator, maximum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance >= maximum:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"{instance!r} is greater than or equal "
+            f"to the maximum of {maximum!r}",
+        )
+
+
+def minimum(validator, minimum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance < minimum:
+        message = f"{instance!r} is less than the minimum of {minimum!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def maximum(validator, maximum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance > maximum:
+        message = f"{instance!r} is greater than the maximum of {maximum!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def multipleOf(validator, dB, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(dB, float):
+        quotient = instance / dB
+        try:
+            failed = int(quotient) != quotient
+        except OverflowError:
+            # When `instance` is large and `dB` is less than one,
+            # quotient can overflow to infinity; and then casting to int
+            # raises an error.
+            #
+            # In this case we fall back to Fraction logic, which is
+            # exact and cannot overflow.  The performance is also
+            # acceptable: we try the fast all-float option first, and
+            # we know that fraction(dB) can have at most a few hundred
+            # digits in each part.  The worst-case slowdown is therefore
+            # for already-slow enormous integers or Decimals.
+            failed = (Fraction(instance) / Fraction(dB)).denominator != 1
+    else:
+        failed = instance % dB
+
+    if failed:
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is not a multiple of {dB}")
+
+
+def minItems(validator, mI, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "array") and len(instance) < mI:
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is too short")
+
+
+def maxItems(validator, mI, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "array") and len(instance) > mI:
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is too long")
+
+
+def uniqueItems(validator, uI, instance, schema):
+    if (
+        uI
+        and validator.is_type(instance, "array")
+        and not uniq(instance)
+    ):
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} has non-unique elements")
+
+
+def pattern(validator, patrn, instance, schema):
+    if (
+        validator.is_type(instance, "string")
+        and not re.search(patrn, instance)
+    ):
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} does not match {patrn!r}")
+
+
+def format(validator, format, instance, schema):
+    if validator.format_checker is not None:
+        try:
+            validator.format_checker.check(instance, format)
+        except FormatError as error:
+            yield ValidationError(error.message, cause=error.cause)
+
+
+def minLength(validator, mL, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "string") and len(instance) < mL:
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is too short")
+
+
+def maxLength(validator, mL, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "string") and len(instance) > mL:
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is too long")
+
+
+def dependentRequired(validator, dependentRequired, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in dependentRequired.items():
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+
+        for each in dependency:
+            if each not in instance:
+                message = f"{each!r} is a dependency of {property!r}"
+                yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def dependentSchemas(validator, dependentSchemas, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in dependentSchemas.items():
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+        yield from validator.descend(
+            instance, dependency, schema_path=property,
+        )
+
+
+def enum(validator, enums, instance, schema):
+    if instance == 0 or instance == 1:
+        unbooled = unbool(instance)
+        if all(unbooled != unbool(each) for each in enums):
+            yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is not one of {enums!r}")
+    elif instance not in enums:
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is not one of {enums!r}")
+
+
+def ref(validator, ref, instance, schema):
+    resolve = getattr(validator.resolver, "resolve", None)
+    if resolve is None:
+        with validator.resolver.resolving(ref) as resolved:
+            yield from validator.descend(instance, resolved)
+    else:
+        scope, resolved = validator.resolver.resolve(ref)
+        validator.resolver.push_scope(scope)
+
+        try:
+            yield from validator.descend(instance, resolved)
+        finally:
+            validator.resolver.pop_scope()
+
+
+def dynamicRef(validator, dynamicRef, instance, schema):
+    _, fragment = urldefrag(dynamicRef)
+
+    for url in validator.resolver._scopes_stack:
+        lookup_url = urljoin(url, dynamicRef)
+        with validator.resolver.resolving(lookup_url) as subschema:
+            if ("$dynamicAnchor" in subschema
+                    and fragment == subschema["$dynamicAnchor"]):
+                yield from validator.descend(instance, subschema)
+                break
+    else:
+        with validator.resolver.resolving(dynamicRef) as subschema:
+            yield from validator.descend(instance, subschema)
+
+
+def type(validator, types, instance, schema):
+    types = ensure_list(types)
+
+    if not any(validator.is_type(instance, type) for type in types):
+        reprs = ", ".join(repr(type) for type in types)
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is not of type {reprs}")
+
+
+def properties(validator, properties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, subschema in properties.items():
+        if property in instance:
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance[property],
+                subschema,
+                path=property,
+                schema_path=property,
+            )
+
+
+def required(validator, required, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+    for property in required:
+        if property not in instance:
+            yield ValidationError(f"{property!r} is a required property")
+
+
+def minProperties(validator, mP, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "object") and len(instance) < mP:
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} does not have enough properties")
+
+
+def maxProperties(validator, mP, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "object") and len(instance) > mP:
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} has too many properties")
+
+
+def allOf(validator, allOf, instance, schema):
+    for index, subschema in enumerate(allOf):
+        yield from validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index)
+
+
+def anyOf(validator, anyOf, instance, schema):
+    all_errors = []
+    for index, subschema in enumerate(anyOf):
+        errs = list(validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index))
+        if not errs:
+            break
+        all_errors.extend(errs)
+    else:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"{instance!r} is not valid under any of the given schemas",
+            context=all_errors,
+        )
+
+
+def oneOf(validator, oneOf, instance, schema):
+    subschemas = enumerate(oneOf)
+    all_errors = []
+    for index, subschema in subschemas:
+        errs = list(validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index))
+        if not errs:
+            first_valid = subschema
+            break
+        all_errors.extend(errs)
+    else:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"{instance!r} is not valid under any of the given schemas",
+            context=all_errors,
+        )
+
+    more_valid = [
+        each for _, each in subschemas
+        if validator.evolve(schema=each).is_valid(instance)
+    ]
+    if more_valid:
+        more_valid.append(first_valid)
+        reprs = ", ".join(repr(schema) for schema in more_valid)
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is valid under each of {reprs}")
+
+
+def not_(validator, not_schema, instance, schema):
+    if validator.evolve(schema=not_schema).is_valid(instance):
+        message = f"{instance!r} should not be valid under {not_schema!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def if_(validator, if_schema, instance, schema):
+    if validator.evolve(schema=if_schema).is_valid(instance):
+        if "then" in schema:
+            then = schema["then"]
+            yield from validator.descend(instance, then, schema_path="then")
+    elif "else" in schema:
+        else_ = schema["else"]
+        yield from validator.descend(instance, else_, schema_path="else")
+
+
+def unevaluatedItems(validator, unevaluatedItems, instance, schema):
+    evaluated_item_indexes = find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+        validator, instance, schema,
+    )
+    unevaluated_items = [
+        item for index, item in enumerate(instance)
+        if index not in evaluated_item_indexes
+    ]
+    if unevaluated_items:
+        error = "Unevaluated items are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+        yield ValidationError(error % extras_msg(unevaluated_items))
+
+
+def unevaluatedProperties(validator, unevaluatedProperties, instance, schema):
+    evaluated_property_keys = find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+        validator, instance, schema,
+    )
+    unevaluated_property_keys = []
+    for property in instance:
+        if property not in evaluated_property_keys:
+            for _ in validator.descend(
+                instance[property],
+                unevaluatedProperties,
+                path=property,
+                schema_path=property,
+            ):
+                unevaluated_property_keys.append(property)
+
+    if unevaluated_property_keys:
+        error = "Unevaluated properties are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+        yield ValidationError(error % extras_msg(unevaluated_property_keys))
+
+
+def prefixItems(validator, prefixItems, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    for (index, item), subschema in zip(enumerate(instance), prefixItems):
+        yield from validator.descend(
+            instance=item,
+            schema=subschema,
+            schema_path=index,
+            path=index,
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3dcc68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"""
+Benchmarks for validation.
+
+This package is *not* public API.
+"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/issue232.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/issue232.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..779f522
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/issue232.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+A performance benchmark using the example from issue #232.
+
+See https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/pull/232.
+"""
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from pyperf import Runner
+from pyrsistent import m
+
+from jsonschema.tests._suite import Version
+import jsonschema
+
+issue232 = Version(
+    path=Path(__file__).parent / "issue232",
+    remotes=m(),
+    name="issue232",
+)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    issue232.benchmark(
+        runner=Runner(),
+        Validator=jsonschema.Draft4Validator,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/json_schema_test_suite.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/json_schema_test_suite.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..905fb6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/json_schema_test_suite.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+"""
+A performance benchmark using the official test suite.
+
+This benchmarks jsonschema using every valid example in the
+JSON-Schema-Test-Suite. It will take some time to complete.
+"""
+from pyperf import Runner
+
+from jsonschema.tests._suite import Suite
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    Suite().benchmark(runner=Runner())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/cli.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/cli.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5f6aef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/cli.py
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+"""
+The ``jsonschema`` command line.
+"""
+
+from json import JSONDecodeError
+from textwrap import dedent
+import argparse
+import json
+import sys
+import traceback
+
+try:
+    from importlib import metadata
+except ImportError:
+    import importlib_metadata as metadata  # type: ignore
+
+import attr
+
+from jsonschema._reflect import namedAny
+from jsonschema.exceptions import SchemaError
+from jsonschema.validators import RefResolver, validator_for
+
+
+class _CannotLoadFile(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+@attr.s
+class _Outputter(object):
+
+    _formatter = attr.ib()
+    _stdout = attr.ib()
+    _stderr = attr.ib()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_arguments(cls, arguments, stdout, stderr):
+        if arguments["output"] == "plain":
+            formatter = _PlainFormatter(arguments["error_format"])
+        elif arguments["output"] == "pretty":
+            formatter = _PrettyFormatter()
+        return cls(formatter=formatter, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr)
+
+    def load(self, path):
+        try:
+            file = open(path)
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            self.filenotfound_error(path=path, exc_info=sys.exc_info())
+            raise _CannotLoadFile()
+
+        with file:
+            try:
+                return json.load(file)
+            except JSONDecodeError:
+                self.parsing_error(path=path, exc_info=sys.exc_info())
+                raise _CannotLoadFile()
+
+    def filenotfound_error(self, **kwargs):
+        self._stderr.write(self._formatter.filenotfound_error(**kwargs))
+
+    def parsing_error(self, **kwargs):
+        self._stderr.write(self._formatter.parsing_error(**kwargs))
+
+    def validation_error(self, **kwargs):
+        self._stderr.write(self._formatter.validation_error(**kwargs))
+
+    def validation_success(self, **kwargs):
+        self._stdout.write(self._formatter.validation_success(**kwargs))
+
+
+@attr.s
+class _PrettyFormatter(object):
+
+    _ERROR_MSG = dedent(
+        """\
+        ===[{type}]===({path})===
+
+        {body}
+        -----------------------------
+        """,
+    )
+    _SUCCESS_MSG = "===[SUCCESS]===({path})===\n"
+
+    def filenotfound_error(self, path, exc_info):
+        return self._ERROR_MSG.format(
+            path=path,
+            type="FileNotFoundError",
+            body="{!r} does not exist.".format(path),
+        )
+
+    def parsing_error(self, path, exc_info):
+        exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = exc_info
+        exc_lines = "".join(
+            traceback.format_exception(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback),
+        )
+        return self._ERROR_MSG.format(
+            path=path,
+            type=exc_type.__name__,
+            body=exc_lines,
+        )
+
+    def validation_error(self, instance_path, error):
+        return self._ERROR_MSG.format(
+            path=instance_path,
+            type=error.__class__.__name__,
+            body=error,
+        )
+
+    def validation_success(self, instance_path):
+        return self._SUCCESS_MSG.format(path=instance_path)
+
+
+@attr.s
+class _PlainFormatter(object):
+
+    _error_format = attr.ib()
+
+    def filenotfound_error(self, path, exc_info):
+        return "{!r} does not exist.\n".format(path)
+
+    def parsing_error(self, path, exc_info):
+        return "Failed to parse {}: {}\n".format(
+            "<stdin>" if path == "<stdin>" else repr(path),
+            exc_info[1],
+        )
+
+    def validation_error(self, instance_path, error):
+        return self._error_format.format(file_name=instance_path, error=error)
+
+    def validation_success(self, instance_path):
+        return ""
+
+
+def _namedAnyWithDefault(name):
+    if "." not in name:
+        name = "jsonschema." + name
+    return namedAny(name)
+
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+    description="JSON Schema Validation CLI",
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-i", "--instance",
+    action="append",
+    dest="instances",
+    help="""
+        a path to a JSON instance (i.e. filename.json) to validate (may
+        be specified multiple times). If no instances are provided via this
+        option, one will be expected on standard input.
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-F", "--error-format",
+    help="""
+        the format to use for each validation error message, specified
+        in a form suitable for str.format. This string will be passed
+        one formatted object named 'error' for each ValidationError.
+        Only provide this option when using --output=plain, which is the
+        default. If this argument is unprovided and --output=plain is
+        used, a simple default representation will be used."
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-o", "--output",
+    choices=["plain", "pretty"],
+    default="plain",
+    help="""
+        an output format to use. 'plain' (default) will produce minimal
+        text with one line for each error, while 'pretty' will produce
+        more detailed human-readable output on multiple lines.
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-V", "--validator",
+    type=_namedAnyWithDefault,
+    help="""
+        the fully qualified object name of a validator to use, or, for
+        validators that are registered with jsonschema, simply the name
+        of the class.
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "--base-uri",
+    help="""
+        a base URI to assign to the provided schema, even if it does not
+        declare one (via e.g. $id). This option can be used if you wish to
+        resolve relative references to a particular URI (or local path)
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "--version",
+    action="version",
+    version=metadata.version("jsonschema"),
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "schema",
+    help="the path to a JSON Schema to validate with (i.e. schema.json)",
+)
+
+
+def parse_args(args):
+    arguments = vars(parser.parse_args(args=args or ["--help"]))
+    if arguments["output"] != "plain" and arguments["error_format"]:
+        raise parser.error(
+            "--error-format can only be used with --output plain",
+        )
+    if arguments["output"] == "plain" and arguments["error_format"] is None:
+        arguments["error_format"] = "{error.instance}: {error.message}\n"
+    return arguments
+
+
+def _validate_instance(instance_path, instance, validator, outputter):
+    invalid = False
+    for error in validator.iter_errors(instance):
+        invalid = True
+        outputter.validation_error(instance_path=instance_path, error=error)
+
+    if not invalid:
+        outputter.validation_success(instance_path=instance_path)
+    return invalid
+
+
+def main(args=sys.argv[1:]):
+    sys.exit(run(arguments=parse_args(args=args)))
+
+
+def run(arguments, stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr, stdin=sys.stdin):
+    outputter = _Outputter.from_arguments(
+        arguments=arguments,
+        stdout=stdout,
+        stderr=stderr,
+    )
+
+    try:
+        schema = outputter.load(arguments["schema"])
+    except _CannotLoadFile:
+        return 1
+
+    if arguments["validator"] is None:
+        arguments["validator"] = validator_for(schema)
+
+    try:
+        arguments["validator"].check_schema(schema)
+    except SchemaError as error:
+        outputter.validation_error(
+            instance_path=arguments["schema"],
+            error=error,
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    if arguments["instances"]:
+        load, instances = outputter.load, arguments["instances"]
+    else:
+        def load(_):
+            try:
+                return json.load(stdin)
+            except JSONDecodeError:
+                outputter.parsing_error(
+                    path="<stdin>", exc_info=sys.exc_info(),
+                )
+                raise _CannotLoadFile()
+        instances = ["<stdin>"]
+
+    resolver = RefResolver(
+        base_uri=arguments["base_uri"],
+        referrer=schema,
+    ) if arguments["base_uri"] is not None else None
+
+    validator = arguments["validator"](schema, resolver=resolver)
+    exit_code = 0
+    for each in instances:
+        try:
+            instance = load(each)
+        except _CannotLoadFile:
+            exit_code = 1
+        else:
+            exit_code |= _validate_instance(
+                instance_path=each,
+                instance=instance,
+                validator=validator,
+                outputter=outputter,
+            )
+
+    return exit_code
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..274e6c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+"""
+Validation errors, and some surrounding helpers.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections import defaultdict, deque
+from pprint import pformat
+from textwrap import dedent, indent
+import itertools
+
+import attr
+
+from jsonschema import _utils
+
+WEAK_MATCHES: frozenset[str] = frozenset(["anyOf", "oneOf"])
+STRONG_MATCHES: frozenset[str] = frozenset()
+
+_unset = _utils.Unset()
+
+
+class _Error(Exception):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message,
+        validator=_unset,
+        path=(),
+        cause=None,
+        context=(),
+        validator_value=_unset,
+        instance=_unset,
+        schema=_unset,
+        schema_path=(),
+        parent=None,
+    ):
+        super(_Error, self).__init__(
+            message,
+            validator,
+            path,
+            cause,
+            context,
+            validator_value,
+            instance,
+            schema,
+            schema_path,
+            parent,
+        )
+        self.message = message
+        self.path = self.relative_path = deque(path)
+        self.schema_path = self.relative_schema_path = deque(schema_path)
+        self.context = list(context)
+        self.cause = self.__cause__ = cause
+        self.validator = validator
+        self.validator_value = validator_value
+        self.instance = instance
+        self.schema = schema
+        self.parent = parent
+
+        for error in context:
+            error.parent = self
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__}: {self.message!r}>"
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        essential_for_verbose = (
+            self.validator, self.validator_value, self.instance, self.schema,
+        )
+        if any(m is _unset for m in essential_for_verbose):
+            return self.message
+
+        schema_path = _utils.format_as_index(
+            container=self._word_for_schema_in_error_message,
+            indices=list(self.relative_schema_path)[:-1],
+        )
+        instance_path = _utils.format_as_index(
+            container=self._word_for_instance_in_error_message,
+            indices=self.relative_path,
+        )
+        prefix = 16 * " "
+
+        return dedent(
+            f"""\
+            {self.message}
+
+            Failed validating {self.validator!r} in {schema_path}:
+                {indent(pformat(self.schema, width=72), prefix).lstrip()}
+
+            On {instance_path}:
+                {indent(pformat(self.instance, width=72), prefix).lstrip()}
+            """.rstrip(),
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_from(cls, other):
+        return cls(**other._contents())
+
+    @property
+    def absolute_path(self):
+        parent = self.parent
+        if parent is None:
+            return self.relative_path
+
+        path = deque(self.relative_path)
+        path.extendleft(reversed(parent.absolute_path))
+        return path
+
+    @property
+    def absolute_schema_path(self):
+        parent = self.parent
+        if parent is None:
+            return self.relative_schema_path
+
+        path = deque(self.relative_schema_path)
+        path.extendleft(reversed(parent.absolute_schema_path))
+        return path
+
+    @property
+    def json_path(self):
+        path = "$"
+        for elem in self.absolute_path:
+            if isinstance(elem, int):
+                path += "[" + str(elem) + "]"
+            else:
+                path += "." + elem
+        return path
+
+    def _set(self, **kwargs):
+        for k, v in kwargs.items():
+            if getattr(self, k) is _unset:
+                setattr(self, k, v)
+
+    def _contents(self):
+        attrs = (
+            "message", "cause", "context", "validator", "validator_value",
+            "path", "schema_path", "instance", "schema", "parent",
+        )
+        return dict((attr, getattr(self, attr)) for attr in attrs)
+
+
+class ValidationError(_Error):
+    """
+    An instance was invalid under a provided schema.
+    """
+
+    _word_for_schema_in_error_message = "schema"
+    _word_for_instance_in_error_message = "instance"
+
+
+class SchemaError(_Error):
+    """
+    A schema was invalid under its corresponding metaschema.
+    """
+
+    _word_for_schema_in_error_message = "metaschema"
+    _word_for_instance_in_error_message = "schema"
+
+
+@attr.s(hash=True)
+class RefResolutionError(Exception):
+    """
+    A ref could not be resolved.
+    """
+
+    _cause = attr.ib()
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self._cause)
+
+
+class UndefinedTypeCheck(Exception):
+    """
+    A type checker was asked to check a type it did not have registered.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, type):
+        self.type = type
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"Type {self.type!r} is unknown to this type checker"
+
+
+class UnknownType(Exception):
+    """
+    A validator was asked to validate an instance against an unknown type.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, type, instance, schema):
+        self.type = type
+        self.instance = instance
+        self.schema = schema
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        prefix = 16 * " "
+
+        return dedent(
+            f"""\
+            Unknown type {self.type!r} for validator with schema:
+                {indent(pformat(self.schema, width=72), prefix).lstrip()}
+
+            While checking instance:
+                {indent(pformat(self.instance, width=72), prefix).lstrip()}
+            """.rstrip(),
+        )
+
+
+class FormatError(Exception):
+    """
+    Validating a format failed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message, cause=None):
+        super(FormatError, self).__init__(message, cause)
+        self.message = message
+        self.cause = self.__cause__ = cause
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.message
+
+
+class ErrorTree(object):
+    """
+    ErrorTrees make it easier to check which validations failed.
+    """
+
+    _instance = _unset
+
+    def __init__(self, errors=()):
+        self.errors = {}
+        self._contents = defaultdict(self.__class__)
+
+        for error in errors:
+            container = self
+            for element in error.path:
+                container = container[element]
+            container.errors[error.validator] = error
+
+            container._instance = error.instance
+
+    def __contains__(self, index):
+        """
+        Check whether ``instance[index]`` has any errors.
+        """
+
+        return index in self._contents
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        """
+        Retrieve the child tree one level down at the given ``index``.
+
+        If the index is not in the instance that this tree corresponds
+        to and is not known by this tree, whatever error would be raised
+        by ``instance.__getitem__`` will be propagated (usually this is
+        some subclass of `LookupError`.
+        """
+
+        if self._instance is not _unset and index not in self:
+            self._instance[index]
+        return self._contents[index]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, index, value):
+        """
+        Add an error to the tree at the given ``index``.
+        """
+        self._contents[index] = value
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """
+        Iterate (non-recursively) over the indices in the instance with errors.
+        """
+
+        return iter(self._contents)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        """
+        Return the `total_errors`.
+        """
+        return self.total_errors
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} ({len(self)} total errors)>"
+
+    @property
+    def total_errors(self):
+        """
+        The total number of errors in the entire tree, including children.
+        """
+
+        child_errors = sum(len(tree) for _, tree in self._contents.items())
+        return len(self.errors) + child_errors
+
+
+def by_relevance(weak=WEAK_MATCHES, strong=STRONG_MATCHES):
+    """
+    Create a key function that can be used to sort errors by relevance.
+
+    Arguments:
+        weak (set):
+            a collection of validator names to consider to be "weak".
+            If there are two errors at the same level of the instance
+            and one is in the set of weak validator names, the other
+            error will take priority. By default, :validator:`anyOf` and
+            :validator:`oneOf` are considered weak validators and will
+            be superseded by other same-level validation errors.
+
+        strong (set):
+            a collection of validator names to consider to be "strong"
+    """
+    def relevance(error):
+        validator = error.validator
+        return -len(error.path), validator not in weak, validator in strong
+    return relevance
+
+
+relevance = by_relevance()
+
+
+def best_match(errors, key=relevance):
+    """
+    Try to find an error that appears to be the best match among given errors.
+
+    In general, errors that are higher up in the instance (i.e. for which
+    `ValidationError.path` is shorter) are considered better matches,
+    since they indicate "more" is wrong with the instance.
+
+    If the resulting match is either :validator:`oneOf` or :validator:`anyOf`,
+    the *opposite* assumption is made -- i.e. the deepest error is picked,
+    since these validators only need to match once, and any other errors may
+    not be relevant.
+
+    Arguments:
+        errors (collections.abc.Iterable):
+
+            the errors to select from. Do not provide a mixture of
+            errors from different validation attempts (i.e. from
+            different instances or schemas), since it won't produce
+            sensical output.
+
+        key (collections.abc.Callable):
+
+            the key to use when sorting errors. See `relevance` and
+            transitively `by_relevance` for more details (the default is
+            to sort with the defaults of that function). Changing the
+            default is only useful if you want to change the function
+            that rates errors but still want the error context descent
+            done by this function.
+
+    Returns:
+        the best matching error, or ``None`` if the iterable was empty
+
+    .. note::
+
+        This function is a heuristic. Its return value may change for a given
+        set of inputs from version to version if better heuristics are added.
+    """
+    errors = iter(errors)
+    best = next(errors, None)
+    if best is None:
+        return
+    best = max(itertools.chain([best], errors), key=key)
+
+    while best.context:
+        best = min(best.context, key=key)
+    return best
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/protocols.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/protocols.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea00446
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/protocols.py
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+"""
+typing.Protocol classes for jsonschema interfaces.
+"""
+
+# for reference material on Protocols, see
+#   https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0544/
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, ClassVar, Iterator
+import sys
+
+# doing these imports with `try ... except ImportError` doesn't pass mypy
+# checking because mypy sees `typing._SpecialForm` and
+# `typing_extensions._SpecialForm` as incompatible
+#
+# see:
+# https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/runtime_troubles.html#using-new-additions-to-the-typing-module
+# https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/4427
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Protocol, runtime_checkable
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import Protocol, runtime_checkable
+
+# in order for Sphinx to resolve references accurately from type annotations,
+# it needs to see names like `jsonschema.TypeChecker`
+# therefore, only import at type-checking time (to avoid circular references),
+# but use `jsonschema` for any types which will otherwise not be resolvable
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import jsonschema
+
+from jsonschema.exceptions import ValidationError
+from jsonschema.validators import RefResolver
+
+# For code authors working on the validator protocol, these are the three
+# use-cases which should be kept in mind:
+#
+# 1. As a protocol class, it can be used in type annotations to describe the
+#    available methods and attributes of a validator
+# 2. It is the source of autodoc for the validator documentation
+# 3. It is runtime_checkable, meaning that it can be used in isinstance()
+#    checks.
+#
+# Since protocols are not base classes, isinstance() checking is limited in
+# its capabilities. See docs on runtime_checkable for detail
+
+
+@runtime_checkable
+class Validator(Protocol):
+    """
+    The protocol to which all validator classes should adhere.
+
+    :argument schema: the schema that the validator object
+        will validate with. It is assumed to be valid, and providing
+        an invalid schema can lead to undefined behavior. See
+        `Validator.check_schema` to validate a schema first.
+    :argument resolver: an instance of `jsonschema.RefResolver` that will be
+        used to resolve :validator:`$ref` properties (JSON references). If
+        unprovided, one will be created.
+    :argument format_checker: an instance of `jsonschema.FormatChecker`
+        whose `jsonschema.FormatChecker.conforms` method will be called to
+        check and see if instances conform to each :validator:`format`
+        property present in the schema. If unprovided, no validation
+        will be done for :validator:`format`. Certain formats require
+        additional packages to be installed (ipv5, uri, color, date-time).
+        The required packages can be found at the bottom of this page.
+    """
+
+    #: An object representing the validator's meta schema (the schema that
+    #: describes valid schemas in the given version).
+    META_SCHEMA: ClassVar[dict]
+
+    #: A mapping of validator names (`str`\s) to functions
+    #: that validate the validator property with that name. For more
+    #: information see `creating-validators`.
+    VALIDATORS: ClassVar[dict]
+
+    #: A `jsonschema.TypeChecker` that will be used when validating
+    #: :validator:`type` properties in JSON schemas.
+    TYPE_CHECKER: ClassVar[jsonschema.TypeChecker]
+
+    #: The schema that was passed in when initializing the object.
+    schema: dict | bool
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        schema: dict | bool,
+        resolver: RefResolver | None = None,
+        format_checker: jsonschema.FormatChecker | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @classmethod
+    def check_schema(cls, schema: dict) -> None:
+        """
+        Validate the given schema against the validator's `META_SCHEMA`.
+
+        :raises: `jsonschema.exceptions.SchemaError` if the schema
+            is invalid
+        """
+
+    def is_type(self, instance: Any, type: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if the instance is of the given (JSON Schema) type.
+
+        :type type: str
+        :rtype: bool
+        :raises: `jsonschema.exceptions.UnknownType` if ``type``
+            is not a known type.
+        """
+
+    def is_valid(self, instance: dict) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if the instance is valid under the current `schema`.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+
+        >>> schema = {"maxItems" : 2}
+        >>> Draft3Validator(schema).is_valid([2, 3, 4])
+        False
+        """
+
+    def iter_errors(self, instance: dict) -> Iterator[ValidationError]:
+        r"""
+        Lazily yield each of the validation errors in the given instance.
+
+        :rtype: an `collections.abc.Iterable` of
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError`\s
+
+        >>> schema = {
+        ...     "type" : "array",
+        ...     "items" : {"enum" : [1, 2, 3]},
+        ...     "maxItems" : 2,
+        ... }
+        >>> v = Draft3Validator(schema)
+        >>> for error in sorted(v.iter_errors([2, 3, 4]), key=str):
+        ...     print(error.message)
+        4 is not one of [1, 2, 3]
+        [2, 3, 4] is too long
+        """
+
+    def validate(self, instance: dict) -> None:
+        """
+        Check if the instance is valid under the current `schema`.
+
+        :raises: `jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError` if the
+            instance is invalid
+
+        >>> schema = {"maxItems" : 2}
+        >>> Draft3Validator(schema).validate([2, 3, 4])
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+        ValidationError: [2, 3, 4] is too long
+        """
+
+    def evolve(self, **kwargs) -> "Validator":
+        """
+        Create a new validator like this one, but with given changes.
+
+        Preserves all other attributes, so can be used to e.g. create a
+        validator with a different schema but with the same :validator:`$ref`
+        resolution behavior.
+
+        >>> validator = Draft202012Validator({})
+        >>> validator.evolve(schema={"type": "number"})
+        Draft202012Validator(schema={'type': 'number'}, format_checker=None)
+        """
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft2019-09.json b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft2019-09.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2248a0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft2019-09.json
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
+    "$vocabulary": {
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/core": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/applicator": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/validation": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/meta-data": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/format": false,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/content": true
+    },
+    "$recursiveAnchor": true,
+
+    "title": "Core and Validation specifications meta-schema",
+    "allOf": [
+        {"$ref": "meta/core"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/applicator"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/validation"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/meta-data"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/format"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/content"}
+    ],
+    "type": ["object", "boolean"],
+    "properties": {
+        "definitions": {
+            "$comment": "While no longer an official keyword as it is replaced by $defs, this keyword is retained in the meta-schema to prevent incompatible extensions as it remains in common use.",
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$recursiveRef": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "dependencies": {
+            "$comment": "\"dependencies\" is no longer a keyword, but schema authors should avoid redefining it to facilitate a smooth transition to \"dependentSchemas\" and \"dependentRequired\"",
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    { "$recursiveRef": "#" },
+                    { "$ref": "meta/validation#/$defs/stringArray" }
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft2020-12.json b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft2020-12.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5e2d31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft2020-12.json
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "$vocabulary": {
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/core": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/applicator": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/unevaluated": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/validation": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/meta-data": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/format-annotation": true,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/content": true
+    },
+    "$dynamicAnchor": "meta",
+
+    "title": "Core and Validation specifications meta-schema",
+    "allOf": [
+        {"$ref": "meta/core"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/applicator"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/unevaluated"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/validation"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/meta-data"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/format-annotation"},
+        {"$ref": "meta/content"}
+    ],
+    "type": ["object", "boolean"],
+    "$comment": "This meta-schema also defines keywords that have appeared in previous drafts in order to prevent incompatible extensions as they remain in common use.",
+    "properties": {
+        "definitions": {
+            "$comment": "\"definitions\" has been replaced by \"$defs\".",
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$dynamicRef": "#meta" },
+            "deprecated": true,
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "dependencies": {
+            "$comment": "\"dependencies\" has been split and replaced by \"dependentSchemas\" and \"dependentRequired\" in order to serve their differing semantics.",
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    { "$dynamicRef": "#meta" },
+                    { "$ref": "meta/validation#/$defs/stringArray" }
+                ]
+            },
+            "deprecated": true,
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "$recursiveAnchor": {
+            "$comment": "\"$recursiveAnchor\" has been replaced by \"$dynamicAnchor\".",
+            "$ref": "meta/core#/$defs/anchorString",
+            "deprecated": true
+        },
+        "$recursiveRef": {
+            "$comment": "\"$recursiveRef\" has been replaced by \"$dynamicRef\".",
+            "$ref": "meta/core#/$defs/uriReferenceString",
+            "deprecated": true
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft3.json b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23d59b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft3.json
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+{
+	"$schema" : "http://json-schema.org/draft-03/schema#",
+	"id" : "http://json-schema.org/draft-03/schema#",
+	"type" : "object",
+
+	"properties" : {
+		"type" : {
+			"type" : ["string", "array"],
+			"items" : {
+				"type" : ["string", {"$ref" : "#"}]
+			},
+			"uniqueItems" : true,
+			"default" : "any"
+		},
+
+		"properties" : {
+			"type" : "object",
+			"additionalProperties" : {"$ref" : "#", "type" : "object"},
+			"default" : {}
+		},
+
+		"patternProperties" : {
+			"type" : "object",
+			"additionalProperties" : {"$ref" : "#"},
+			"default" : {}
+		},
+
+		"additionalProperties" : {
+			"type" : [{"$ref" : "#"}, "boolean"],
+			"default" : {}
+		},
+
+		"items" : {
+			"type" : [{"$ref" : "#"}, "array"],
+			"items" : {"$ref" : "#"},
+			"default" : {}
+		},
+
+		"additionalItems" : {
+			"type" : [{"$ref" : "#"}, "boolean"],
+			"default" : {}
+		},
+
+		"required" : {
+			"type" : "boolean",
+			"default" : false
+		},
+
+		"dependencies" : {
+			"type" : ["string", "array", "object"],
+			"additionalProperties" : {
+				"type" : ["string", "array", {"$ref" : "#"}],
+				"items" : {
+					"type" : "string"
+				}
+			},
+			"default" : {}
+		},
+
+		"minimum" : {
+			"type" : "number"
+		},
+
+		"maximum" : {
+			"type" : "number"
+		},
+
+		"exclusiveMinimum" : {
+			"type" : "boolean",
+			"default" : false
+		},
+
+		"exclusiveMaximum" : {
+			"type" : "boolean",
+			"default" : false
+		},
+
+		"maxDecimal": {
+			"minimum": 0,
+			"type": "number"
+		},
+
+		"minItems" : {
+			"type" : "integer",
+			"minimum" : 0,
+			"default" : 0
+		},
+
+		"maxItems" : {
+			"type" : "integer",
+			"minimum" : 0
+		},
+
+		"uniqueItems" : {
+			"type" : "boolean",
+			"default" : false
+		},
+
+		"pattern" : {
+			"type" : "string",
+			"format" : "regex"
+		},
+
+		"minLength" : {
+			"type" : "integer",
+			"minimum" : 0,
+			"default" : 0
+		},
+
+		"maxLength" : {
+			"type" : "integer"
+		},
+
+		"enum" : {
+			"type" : "array"
+		},
+
+		"default" : {
+			"type" : "any"
+		},
+
+		"title" : {
+			"type" : "string"
+		},
+
+		"description" : {
+			"type" : "string"
+		},
+
+		"format" : {
+			"type" : "string"
+		},
+
+		"divisibleBy" : {
+			"type" : "number",
+			"minimum" : 0,
+			"exclusiveMinimum" : true,
+			"default" : 1
+		},
+
+		"disallow" : {
+			"type" : ["string", "array"],
+			"items" : {
+				"type" : ["string", {"$ref" : "#"}]
+			},
+			"uniqueItems" : true
+		},
+
+		"extends" : {
+			"type" : [{"$ref" : "#"}, "array"],
+			"items" : {"$ref" : "#"},
+			"default" : {}
+		},
+
+		"id" : {
+			"type" : "string",
+			"format" : "uri"
+		},
+
+		"$ref" : {
+			"type" : "string",
+			"format" : "uri"
+		},
+
+		"$schema" : {
+			"type" : "string",
+			"format" : "uri"
+		}
+	},
+
+	"dependencies" : {
+		"exclusiveMinimum" : "minimum",
+		"exclusiveMaximum" : "maximum"
+	},
+
+	"default" : {}
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft4.json b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft4.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba0c117
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft4.json
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+{
+    "id": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#",
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#",
+    "description": "Core schema meta-schema",
+    "definitions": {
+        "schemaArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "minItems": 1,
+            "items": { "$ref": "#" }
+        },
+        "positiveInteger": {
+            "type": "integer",
+            "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "positiveIntegerDefault0": {
+            "allOf": [ { "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveInteger" }, { "default": 0 } ]
+        },
+        "simpleTypes": {
+            "enum": [ "array", "boolean", "integer", "null", "number", "object", "string" ]
+        },
+        "stringArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": { "type": "string" },
+            "minItems": 1,
+            "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+    },
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+        "id": {
+            "format": "uri",
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "$schema": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri"
+        },
+        "title": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "description": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "default": {},
+        "multipleOf": {
+            "type": "number",
+            "minimum": 0,
+            "exclusiveMinimum": true
+        },
+        "maximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMaximum": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false
+        },
+        "minimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMinimum": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false
+        },
+        "maxLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveInteger" },
+        "minLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveIntegerDefault0" },
+        "pattern": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "regex"
+        },
+        "additionalItems": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "type": "boolean" },
+                { "$ref": "#" }
+            ],
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "items": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#" },
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" }
+            ],
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "maxItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveInteger" },
+        "minItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveIntegerDefault0" },
+        "uniqueItems": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false
+        },
+        "maxProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveInteger" },
+        "minProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveIntegerDefault0" },
+        "required": { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" },
+        "additionalProperties": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "type": "boolean" },
+                { "$ref": "#" }
+            ],
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "definitions": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "properties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "patternProperties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "dependencies": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    { "$ref": "#" },
+                    { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" }
+                ]
+            }
+        },
+        "enum": {
+            "type": "array"
+        },
+        "type": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                    "minItems": 1,
+                    "uniqueItems": true
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        "format": { "type": "string" },
+        "allOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "anyOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "oneOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "not": { "$ref": "#" }
+    },
+    "dependencies": {
+        "exclusiveMaximum": [ "maximum" ],
+        "exclusiveMinimum": [ "minimum" ]
+    },
+    "default": {}
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft6.json b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft6.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0d2bf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft6.json
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema#",
+    "$id": "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema#",
+    "title": "Core schema meta-schema",
+    "definitions": {
+        "schemaArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "minItems": 1,
+            "items": { "$ref": "#" }
+        },
+        "nonNegativeInteger": {
+            "type": "integer",
+            "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "nonNegativeIntegerDefault0": {
+            "allOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+                { "default": 0 }
+            ]
+        },
+        "simpleTypes": {
+            "enum": [
+                "array",
+                "boolean",
+                "integer",
+                "null",
+                "number",
+                "object",
+                "string"
+            ]
+        },
+        "stringArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": { "type": "string" },
+            "uniqueItems": true,
+            "default": []
+        }
+    },
+    "type": ["object", "boolean"],
+    "properties": {
+        "$id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri-reference"
+        },
+        "$schema": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri"
+        },
+        "$ref": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri-reference"
+        },
+        "title": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "description": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "default": {},
+        "examples": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": {}
+        },
+        "multipleOf": {
+            "type": "number",
+            "exclusiveMinimum": 0
+        },
+        "maximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMaximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "minimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMinimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "maxLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "pattern": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "regex"
+        },
+        "additionalItems": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "items": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#" },
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" }
+            ],
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "maxItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "uniqueItems": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false
+        },
+        "contains": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "maxProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "required": { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" },
+        "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "definitions": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "properties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "patternProperties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "propertyNames": { "format": "regex" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "dependencies": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    { "$ref": "#" },
+                    { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" }
+                ]
+            }
+        },
+        "propertyNames": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "const": {},
+        "enum": {
+            "type": "array"
+        },
+        "type": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                    "minItems": 1,
+                    "uniqueItems": true
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        "format": { "type": "string" },
+        "allOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "anyOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "oneOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "not": { "$ref": "#" }
+    },
+    "default": {}
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft7.json b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft7.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..746cde9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft7.json
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "$id": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "title": "Core schema meta-schema",
+    "definitions": {
+        "schemaArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "minItems": 1,
+            "items": { "$ref": "#" }
+        },
+        "nonNegativeInteger": {
+            "type": "integer",
+            "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "nonNegativeIntegerDefault0": {
+            "allOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+                { "default": 0 }
+            ]
+        },
+        "simpleTypes": {
+            "enum": [
+                "array",
+                "boolean",
+                "integer",
+                "null",
+                "number",
+                "object",
+                "string"
+            ]
+        },
+        "stringArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": { "type": "string" },
+            "uniqueItems": true,
+            "default": []
+        }
+    },
+    "type": ["object", "boolean"],
+    "properties": {
+        "$id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri-reference"
+        },
+        "$schema": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri"
+        },
+        "$ref": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri-reference"
+        },
+        "$comment": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "title": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "description": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "default": true,
+        "readOnly": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false
+        },
+        "examples": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": true
+        },
+        "multipleOf": {
+            "type": "number",
+            "exclusiveMinimum": 0
+        },
+        "maximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMaximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "minimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMinimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "maxLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "pattern": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "regex"
+        },
+        "additionalItems": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "items": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#" },
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" }
+            ],
+            "default": true
+        },
+        "maxItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "uniqueItems": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false
+        },
+        "contains": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "maxProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "required": { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" },
+        "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "definitions": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "properties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "patternProperties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "propertyNames": { "format": "regex" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "dependencies": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    { "$ref": "#" },
+                    { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" }
+                ]
+            }
+        },
+        "propertyNames": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "const": true,
+        "enum": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": true
+        },
+        "type": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                    "minItems": 1,
+                    "uniqueItems": true
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        "format": { "type": "string" },
+        "contentMediaType": { "type": "string" },
+        "contentEncoding": { "type": "string" },
+        "if": {"$ref": "#"},
+        "then": {"$ref": "#"},
+        "else": {"$ref": "#"},
+        "allOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "anyOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "oneOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "not": { "$ref": "#" }
+    },
+    "default": true
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/vocabularies.json b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/vocabularies.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bca1705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/vocabularies.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/content": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/content", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/content": true}, "$dynamicAnchor": "meta", "title": "Content vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"contentEncoding": {"type": "string"}, "contentMediaType": {"type": "string"}, "contentSchema": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/unevaluated": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/unevaluated", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/unevaluated": true}, "$dynamicAnchor": "meta", "title": "Unevaluated applicator vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"unevaluatedItems": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "unevaluatedProperties": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/format-annotation": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/format-annotation", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/format-annotation": true}, "$dynamicAnchor": "meta", "title": "Format vocabulary meta-schema for annotation results", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"format": {"type": "string"}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/applicator": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/applicator", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/applicator": true}, "$dynamicAnchor": "meta", "title": "Applicator vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"prefixItems": {"$ref": "#/$defs/schemaArray"}, "items": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "contains": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "additionalProperties": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "properties": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "default": {}}, "patternProperties": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "propertyNames": {"format": "regex"}, "default": {}}, "dependentSchemas": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "default": {}}, "propertyNames": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "if": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "then": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "else": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}, "allOf": {"$ref": "#/$defs/schemaArray"}, "anyOf": {"$ref": "#/$defs/schemaArray"}, "oneOf": {"$ref": "#/$defs/schemaArray"}, "not": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}}, "$defs": {"schemaArray": {"type": "array", "minItems": 1, "items": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/meta-data": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/meta-data", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/meta-data": true}, "$dynamicAnchor": "meta", "title": "Meta-data vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"title": {"type": "string"}, "description": {"type": "string"}, "default": true, "deprecated": {"type": "boolean", "default": false}, "readOnly": {"type": "boolean", "default": false}, "writeOnly": {"type": "boolean", "default": false}, "examples": {"type": "array", "items": true}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/core": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/core", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/core": true}, "$dynamicAnchor": "meta", "title": "Core vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"$id": {"$ref": "#/$defs/uriReferenceString", "$comment": "Non-empty fragments not allowed.", "pattern": "^[^#]*#?$"}, "$schema": {"$ref": "#/$defs/uriString"}, "$ref": {"$ref": "#/$defs/uriReferenceString"}, "$anchor": {"$ref": "#/$defs/anchorString"}, "$dynamicRef": {"$ref": "#/$defs/uriReferenceString"}, "$dynamicAnchor": {"$ref": "#/$defs/anchorString"}, "$vocabulary": {"type": "object", "propertyNames": {"$ref": "#/$defs/uriString"}, "additionalProperties": {"type": "boolean"}}, "$comment": {"type": "string"}, "$defs": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$dynamicRef": "#meta"}}}, "$defs": {"anchorString": {"type": "string", "pattern": "^[A-Za-z_][-A-Za-z0-9._]*$"}, "uriString": {"type": "string", "format": "uri"}, "uriReferenceString": {"type": "string", "format": "uri-reference"}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/validation": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/meta/validation", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/validation": true}, "$dynamicAnchor": "meta", "title": "Validation vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"type": {"anyOf": [{"$ref": "#/$defs/simpleTypes"}, {"type": "array", "items": {"$ref": "#/$defs/simpleTypes"}, "minItems": 1, "uniqueItems": true}]}, "const": true, "enum": {"type": "array", "items": true}, "multipleOf": {"type": "number", "exclusiveMinimum": 0}, "maximum": {"type": "number"}, "exclusiveMaximum": {"type": "number"}, "minimum": {"type": "number"}, "exclusiveMinimum": {"type": "number"}, "maxLength": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger"}, "minLength": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0"}, "pattern": {"type": "string", "format": "regex"}, "maxItems": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger"}, "minItems": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0"}, "uniqueItems": {"type": "boolean", "default": false}, "maxContains": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger"}, "minContains": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger", "default": 1}, "maxProperties": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger"}, "minProperties": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0"}, "required": {"$ref": "#/$defs/stringArray"}, "dependentRequired": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$ref": "#/$defs/stringArray"}}}, "$defs": {"nonNegativeInteger": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 0}, "nonNegativeIntegerDefault0": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger", "default": 0}, "simpleTypes": {"enum": ["array", "boolean", "integer", "null", "number", "object", "string"]}, "stringArray": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}, "uniqueItems": true, "default": []}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/content": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/content", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/content": true}, "$recursiveAnchor": true, "title": "Content vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"contentMediaType": {"type": "string"}, "contentEncoding": {"type": "string"}, "contentSchema": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/applicator": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/applicator", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/applicator": true}, "$recursiveAnchor": true, "title": "Applicator vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"additionalItems": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "unevaluatedItems": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "items": {"anyOf": [{"$recursiveRef": "#"}, {"$ref": "#/$defs/schemaArray"}]}, "contains": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "additionalProperties": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "unevaluatedProperties": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "properties": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "default": {}}, "patternProperties": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "propertyNames": {"format": "regex"}, "default": {}}, "dependentSchemas": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}}, "propertyNames": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "if": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "then": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "else": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "allOf": {"$ref": "#/$defs/schemaArray"}, "anyOf": {"$ref": "#/$defs/schemaArray"}, "oneOf": {"$ref": "#/$defs/schemaArray"}, "not": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}}, "$defs": {"schemaArray": {"type": "array", "minItems": 1, "items": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/meta-data": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/meta-data", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/meta-data": true}, "$recursiveAnchor": true, "title": "Meta-data vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"title": {"type": "string"}, "description": {"type": "string"}, "default": true, "deprecated": {"type": "boolean", "default": false}, "readOnly": {"type": "boolean", "default": false}, "writeOnly": {"type": "boolean", "default": false}, "examples": {"type": "array", "items": true}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/core": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/core", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/core": true}, "$recursiveAnchor": true, "title": "Core vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"$id": {"type": "string", "format": "uri-reference", "$comment": "Non-empty fragments not allowed.", "pattern": "^[^#]*#?$"}, "$schema": {"type": "string", "format": "uri"}, "$anchor": {"type": "string", "pattern": "^[A-Za-z][-A-Za-z0-9.:_]*$"}, "$ref": {"type": "string", "format": "uri-reference"}, "$recursiveRef": {"type": "string", "format": "uri-reference"}, "$recursiveAnchor": {"type": "boolean", "default": false}, "$vocabulary": {"type": "object", "propertyNames": {"type": "string", "format": "uri"}, "additionalProperties": {"type": "boolean"}}, "$comment": {"type": "string"}, "$defs": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$recursiveRef": "#"}, "default": {}}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/validation": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/validation", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/validation": true}, "$recursiveAnchor": true, "title": "Validation vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"multipleOf": {"type": "number", "exclusiveMinimum": 0}, "maximum": {"type": "number"}, "exclusiveMaximum": {"type": "number"}, "minimum": {"type": "number"}, "exclusiveMinimum": {"type": "number"}, "maxLength": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger"}, "minLength": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0"}, "pattern": {"type": "string", "format": "regex"}, "maxItems": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger"}, "minItems": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0"}, "uniqueItems": {"type": "boolean", "default": false}, "maxContains": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger"}, "minContains": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger", "default": 1}, "maxProperties": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger"}, "minProperties": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0"}, "required": {"$ref": "#/$defs/stringArray"}, "dependentRequired": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": {"$ref": "#/$defs/stringArray"}}, "const": true, "enum": {"type": "array", "items": true}, "type": {"anyOf": [{"$ref": "#/$defs/simpleTypes"}, {"type": "array", "items": {"$ref": "#/$defs/simpleTypes"}, "minItems": 1, "uniqueItems": true}]}}, "$defs": {"nonNegativeInteger": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 0}, "nonNegativeIntegerDefault0": {"$ref": "#/$defs/nonNegativeInteger", "default": 0}, "simpleTypes": {"enum": ["array", "boolean", "integer", "null", "number", "object", "string"]}, "stringArray": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}, "uniqueItems": true, "default": []}}}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/hyper-schema": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/hyper-schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/hyper-schema", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/hyper-schema": true}, "$recursiveAnchor": true, "title": "JSON Hyper-Schema Vocabulary Schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"base": {"type": "string", "format": "uri-template"}, "links": {"type": "array", "items": {"$ref": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/links"}}}, "links": [{"rel": "self", "href": "{+%24id}"}]}, "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/format": {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema", "$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/format", "$vocabulary": {"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/format": true}, "$recursiveAnchor": true, "title": "Format vocabulary meta-schema", "type": ["object", "boolean"], "properties": {"format": {"type": "string"}}}}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/_helpers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/_helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70f291f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/_helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+def bug(issue=None):
+    message = "A known bug."
+    if issue is not None:
+        message += " See issue #{issue}.".format(issue=issue)
+    return message
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/_suite.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/_suite.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..870304d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/_suite.py
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+"""
+Python representations of the JSON Schema Test Suite tests.
+"""
+
+from functools import partial
+from pathlib import Path
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import unittest
+
+import attr
+
+from jsonschema.validators import _VALIDATORS
+import jsonschema
+
+
+def _find_suite():
+    root = os.environ.get("JSON_SCHEMA_TEST_SUITE")
+    if root is not None:
+        return Path(root)
+
+    root = Path(jsonschema.__file__).parent.parent / "json"
+    if not root.is_dir():  # pragma: no cover
+        raise ValueError(
+            (
+                "Can't find the JSON-Schema-Test-Suite directory. "
+                "Set the 'JSON_SCHEMA_TEST_SUITE' environment "
+                "variable or run the tests from alongside a checkout "
+                "of the suite."
+            ),
+        )
+    return root
+
+
+@attr.s(hash=True)
+class Suite(object):
+
+    _root = attr.ib(default=attr.Factory(_find_suite))
+
+    def _remotes(self):
+        jsonschema_suite = self._root.joinpath("bin", "jsonschema_suite")
+        remotes = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, str(jsonschema_suite), "remotes"],
+        )
+        return {
+            "http://localhost:1234/" + name.replace("\\", "/"): schema
+            for name, schema in json.loads(remotes.decode("utf-8")).items()
+        }
+
+    def benchmark(self, runner):  # pragma: no cover
+        for name, Validator in _VALIDATORS.items():
+            self.version(name=name).benchmark(
+                runner=runner,
+                Validator=Validator,
+            )
+
+    def version(self, name):
+        return Version(
+            name=name,
+            path=self._root.joinpath("tests", name),
+            remotes=self._remotes(),
+        )
+
+
+@attr.s(hash=True)
+class Version(object):
+
+    _path = attr.ib()
+    _remotes = attr.ib()
+
+    name = attr.ib()
+
+    def benchmark(self, runner, **kwargs):  # pragma: no cover
+        for suite in self.tests():
+            for test in suite:
+                runner.bench_func(
+                    test.fully_qualified_name,
+                    partial(test.validate_ignoring_errors, **kwargs),
+                )
+
+    def tests(self):
+        return (
+            test
+            for child in self._path.glob("*.json")
+            for test in self._tests_in(
+                subject=child.name[:-5],
+                path=child,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def format_tests(self):
+        path = self._path.joinpath("optional", "format")
+        return (
+            test
+            for child in path.glob("*.json")
+            for test in self._tests_in(
+                subject=child.name[:-5],
+                path=child,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def optional_tests_of(self, name):
+        return self._tests_in(
+            subject=name,
+            path=self._path.joinpath("optional", name + ".json"),
+        )
+
+    def to_unittest_testcase(self, *suites, **kwargs):
+        name = kwargs.pop("name", "Test" + self.name.title().replace("-", ""))
+        methods = {
+            test.method_name: test.to_unittest_method(**kwargs)
+            for suite in suites
+            for tests in suite
+            for test in tests
+        }
+        cls = type(name, (unittest.TestCase,), methods)
+
+        try:
+            cls.__module__ = _someone_save_us_the_module_of_the_caller()
+        except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+            # We're doing crazy things, so if they go wrong, like a function
+            # behaving differently on some other interpreter, just make them
+            # not happen.
+            pass
+
+        return cls
+
+    def _tests_in(self, subject, path):
+        for each in json.loads(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")):
+            yield (
+                _Test(
+                    version=self,
+                    subject=subject,
+                    case_description=each["description"],
+                    schema=each["schema"],
+                    remotes=self._remotes,
+                    **test,
+                ) for test in each["tests"]
+            )
+
+
+@attr.s(hash=True, repr=False)
+class _Test(object):
+
+    version = attr.ib()
+
+    subject = attr.ib()
+    case_description = attr.ib()
+    description = attr.ib()
+
+    data = attr.ib()
+    schema = attr.ib(repr=False)
+
+    valid = attr.ib()
+
+    _remotes = attr.ib()
+
+    comment = attr.ib(default=None)
+
+    def __repr__(self):  # pragma: no cover
+        return "<Test {}>".format(self.fully_qualified_name)
+
+    @property
+    def fully_qualified_name(self):  # pragma: no cover
+        return " > ".join(
+            [
+                self.version.name,
+                self.subject,
+                self.case_description,
+                self.description,
+            ],
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def method_name(self):
+        delimiters = r"[\W\- ]+"
+        return "test_{}_{}_{}".format(
+            re.sub(delimiters, "_", self.subject),
+            re.sub(delimiters, "_", self.case_description),
+            re.sub(delimiters, "_", self.description),
+        )
+
+    def to_unittest_method(self, skip=lambda test: None, **kwargs):
+        if self.valid:
+            def fn(this):
+                self.validate(**kwargs)
+        else:
+            def fn(this):
+                with this.assertRaises(jsonschema.ValidationError):
+                    self.validate(**kwargs)
+
+        fn.__name__ = self.method_name
+        reason = skip(self)
+        return unittest.skipIf(reason is not None, reason)(fn)
+
+    def validate(self, Validator, **kwargs):
+        resolver = jsonschema.RefResolver.from_schema(
+            schema=self.schema,
+            store=self._remotes,
+            id_of=Validator.ID_OF,
+        )
+        validator = Validator(schema=self.schema, resolver=resolver, **kwargs)
+        validator.validate(instance=self.data)
+
+    def validate_ignoring_errors(self, Validator):  # pragma: no cover
+        try:
+            self.validate(Validator=Validator)
+        except jsonschema.ValidationError:
+            pass
+
+
+def _someone_save_us_the_module_of_the_caller():
+    """
+    The FQON of the module 2nd stack frames up from here.
+
+    This is intended to allow us to dynamicallly return test case classes that
+    are indistinguishable from being defined in the module that wants them.
+
+    Otherwise, trial will mis-print the FQON, and copy pasting it won't re-run
+    the class that really is running.
+
+    Save us all, this is all so so so so so terrible.
+    """
+
+    return sys._getframe(2).f_globals["__name__"]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/fuzz_validate.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/fuzz_validate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8c62ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/fuzz_validate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+"""
+Fuzzing setup for OSS-Fuzz.
+
+See https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz/tree/master/projects/jsonschema for the
+other half of the setup here.
+"""
+import sys
+
+from hypothesis import given, strategies
+
+import jsonschema
+
+PRIM = strategies.one_of(
+    strategies.booleans(),
+    strategies.integers(),
+    strategies.floats(allow_nan=False, allow_infinity=False),
+    strategies.text(),
+)
+DICT = strategies.recursive(
+    base=strategies.one_of(
+        strategies.booleans(),
+        strategies.dictionaries(strategies.text(), PRIM),
+    ),
+    extend=lambda inner: strategies.dictionaries(strategies.text(), inner),
+)
+
+
+@given(obj1=DICT, obj2=DICT)
+def test_schemas(obj1, obj2):
+    try:
+        jsonschema.validate(instance=obj1, schema=obj2)
+    except jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError:
+        pass
+    except jsonschema.exceptions.SchemaError:
+        pass
+
+
+def main():
+    atheris.Setup(
+        sys.argv,
+        test_schemas.hypothesis.fuzz_one_input,
+        enable_python_coverage=True,
+    )
+    atheris.Fuzz()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import atheris
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_cli.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_cli.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d42af6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_cli.py
@@ -0,0 +1,911 @@
+from contextlib import redirect_stderr, redirect_stdout
+from io import StringIO
+from json import JSONDecodeError
+from pathlib import Path
+from textwrap import dedent
+from unittest import TestCase
+import json
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+
+try:  # pragma: no cover
+    from importlib import metadata
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    import importlib_metadata as metadata  # type: ignore
+
+from pyrsistent import m
+
+from jsonschema import Draft4Validator, Draft202012Validator, cli
+from jsonschema.exceptions import (
+    RefResolutionError,
+    SchemaError,
+    ValidationError,
+)
+from jsonschema.validators import _LATEST_VERSION, validate
+
+
+def fake_validator(*errors):
+    errors = list(reversed(errors))
+
+    class FakeValidator(object):
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+
+        def iter_errors(self, instance):
+            if errors:
+                return errors.pop()
+            return []  # pragma: no cover
+
+        @classmethod
+        def check_schema(self, schema):
+            pass
+
+    return FakeValidator
+
+
+def fake_open(all_contents):
+    def open(path):
+        contents = all_contents.get(path)
+        if contents is None:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(path)
+        return StringIO(contents)
+    return open
+
+
+def _message_for(non_json):
+    try:
+        json.loads(non_json)
+    except JSONDecodeError as error:
+        return str(error)
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        raise RuntimeError("Tried and failed to capture a JSON dump error.")
+
+
+class TestCLI(TestCase):
+    def run_cli(
+        self, argv, files=m(), stdin=StringIO(), exit_code=0, **override,
+    ):
+        arguments = cli.parse_args(argv)
+        arguments.update(override)
+
+        self.assertFalse(hasattr(cli, "open"))
+        cli.open = fake_open(files)
+        try:
+            stdout, stderr = StringIO(), StringIO()
+            actual_exit_code = cli.run(
+                arguments,
+                stdin=stdin,
+                stdout=stdout,
+                stderr=stderr,
+            )
+        finally:
+            del cli.open
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            actual_exit_code, exit_code, msg=dedent(
+                """
+                    Expected an exit code of {} != {}.
+
+                    stdout: {}
+
+                    stderr: {}
+                """.format(
+                    exit_code,
+                    actual_exit_code,
+                    stdout.getvalue(),
+                    stderr.getvalue(),
+                ),
+            ),
+        )
+        return stdout.getvalue(), stderr.getvalue()
+
+    def assertOutputs(self, stdout="", stderr="", **kwargs):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.run_cli(**kwargs),
+            (dedent(stdout), dedent(stderr)),
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance(self):
+        error = ValidationError("I am an error!", instance=12)
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(error.instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([error]),
+
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="12: I am an error!\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_pretty_output(self):
+        error = ValidationError("I am an error!", instance=12)
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(error.instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([error]),
+
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_instance)===
+
+                I am an error!
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_explicit_plain_output(self):
+        error = ValidationError("I am an error!", instance=12)
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(error.instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([error]),
+
+            argv=["--output", "plain", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="12: I am an error!\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_multiple_errors(self):
+        instance = 12
+        first = ValidationError("First error", instance=instance)
+        second = ValidationError("Second error", instance=instance)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([first, second]),
+
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                12: First error
+                12: Second error
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_multiple_errors_pretty_output(self):
+        instance = 12
+        first = ValidationError("First error", instance=instance)
+        second = ValidationError("Second error", instance=instance)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([first, second]),
+
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_instance)===
+
+                First error
+                -----------------------------
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_instance)===
+
+                Second error
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_multiple_invalid_instances(self):
+        first_instance = 12
+        first_errors = [
+            ValidationError("An error", instance=first_instance),
+            ValidationError("Another error", instance=first_instance),
+        ]
+        second_instance = "foo"
+        second_errors = [ValidationError("BOOM", instance=second_instance)]
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_first_instance=json.dumps(first_instance),
+                some_second_instance=json.dumps(second_instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator(first_errors, second_errors),
+
+            argv=[
+                "-i", "some_first_instance",
+                "-i", "some_second_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                12: An error
+                12: Another error
+                foo: BOOM
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_multiple_invalid_instances_pretty_output(self):
+        first_instance = 12
+        first_errors = [
+            ValidationError("An error", instance=first_instance),
+            ValidationError("Another error", instance=first_instance),
+        ]
+        second_instance = "foo"
+        second_errors = [ValidationError("BOOM", instance=second_instance)]
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_first_instance=json.dumps(first_instance),
+                some_second_instance=json.dumps(second_instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator(first_errors, second_errors),
+
+            argv=[
+                "--output", "pretty",
+                "-i", "some_first_instance",
+                "-i", "some_second_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_first_instance)===
+
+                An error
+                -----------------------------
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_first_instance)===
+
+                Another error
+                -----------------------------
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_second_instance)===
+
+                BOOM
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_custom_error_format(self):
+        first_instance = 12
+        first_errors = [
+            ValidationError("An error", instance=first_instance),
+            ValidationError("Another error", instance=first_instance),
+        ]
+        second_instance = "foo"
+        second_errors = [ValidationError("BOOM", instance=second_instance)]
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_first_instance=json.dumps(first_instance),
+                some_second_instance=json.dumps(second_instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator(first_errors, second_errors),
+
+            argv=[
+                "--error-format", ":{error.message}._-_.{error.instance}:",
+                "-i", "some_first_instance",
+                "-i", "some_second_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=":An error._-_.12::Another error._-_.12::BOOM._-_.foo:",
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema='{"type": 12}'),
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                12: 12 is not valid under any of the given schemas
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_pretty_output(self):
+        schema = {"type": 12}
+
+        with self.assertRaises(SchemaError) as e:
+            validate(schema=schema, instance="")
+        error = str(e.exception)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=json.dumps(schema)),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=(
+                "===[SchemaError]===(some_schema)===\n\n"
+                + str(error)
+                + "\n-----------------------------\n"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_multiple_errors(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema='{"type": 12, "items": 57}'),
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                57: 57 is not of type 'object', 'boolean'
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_multiple_errors_pretty_output(self):
+        schema = {"type": 12, "items": 57}
+
+        with self.assertRaises(SchemaError) as e:
+            validate(schema=schema, instance="")
+        error = str(e.exception)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=json.dumps(schema)),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=(
+                "===[SchemaError]===(some_schema)===\n\n"
+                + str(error)
+                + "\n-----------------------------\n"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_with_invalid_instance(self):
+        """
+        "Validating" an instance that's invalid under an invalid schema
+        just shows the schema error.
+        """
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"type": 12, "minimum": 30}',
+                some_instance="13",
+            ),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                12: 12 is not valid under any of the given schemas
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_with_invalid_instance_pretty_output(self):
+        instance, schema = 13, {"type": 12, "minimum": 30}
+
+        with self.assertRaises(SchemaError) as e:
+            validate(schema=schema, instance=instance)
+        error = str(e.exception)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema=json.dumps(schema),
+                some_instance=json.dumps(instance),
+            ),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=(
+                "===[SchemaError]===(some_schema)===\n\n"
+                + str(error)
+                + "\n-----------------------------\n"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_continues_with_the_rest(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"minimum": 30}',
+                first_instance="not valid JSON!",
+                second_instance="12",
+            ),
+            argv=[
+                "-i", "first_instance",
+                "-i", "second_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                Failed to parse 'first_instance': {}
+                12: 12 is less than the minimum of 30
+            """.format(_message_for("not valid JSON!")),
+        )
+
+    def test_custom_error_format_applies_to_schema_errors(self):
+        instance, schema = 13, {"type": 12, "minimum": 30}
+
+        with self.assertRaises(SchemaError):
+            validate(schema=schema, instance=instance)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=json.dumps(schema)),
+
+            argv=[
+                "--error-format", ":{error.message}._-_.{error.instance}:",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=":12 is not valid under any of the given schemas._-_.12:",
+        )
+
+    def test_instance_is_invalid_JSON(self):
+        instance = "not valid JSON!"
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance=instance),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                Failed to parse 'some_instance': {}
+            """.format(_message_for(instance)),
+        )
+
+    def test_instance_is_invalid_JSON_pretty_output(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.run_cli(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema="{}",
+                some_instance="not valid JSON!",
+            ),
+
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+        self.assertIn(
+            "(some_instance)===\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n",
+            stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertNotIn("some_schema", stderr)
+
+    def test_instance_is_invalid_JSON_on_stdin(self):
+        instance = "not valid JSON!"
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            stdin=StringIO(instance),
+
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                Failed to parse <stdin>: {}
+            """.format(_message_for(instance)),
+        )
+
+    def test_instance_is_invalid_JSON_on_stdin_pretty_output(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.run_cli(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            stdin=StringIO("not valid JSON!"),
+
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+        self.assertIn(
+            "(<stdin>)===\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n",
+            stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertNotIn("some_schema", stderr)
+
+    def test_schema_is_invalid_JSON(self):
+        schema = "not valid JSON!"
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema),
+
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                Failed to parse 'some_schema': {}
+            """.format(_message_for(schema)),
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_is_invalid_JSON_pretty_output(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.run_cli(
+            files=dict(some_schema="not valid JSON!"),
+
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+        self.assertIn(
+            "(some_schema)===\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n",
+            stderr,
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_and_instance_are_both_invalid_JSON(self):
+        """
+        Only the schema error is reported, as we abort immediately.
+        """
+        schema, instance = "not valid JSON!", "also not valid JSON!"
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance=instance),
+
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                Failed to parse 'some_schema': {}
+            """.format(_message_for(schema)),
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_and_instance_are_both_invalid_JSON_pretty_output(self):
+        """
+        Only the schema error is reported, as we abort immediately.
+        """
+        stdout, stderr = self.run_cli(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema="not valid JSON!",
+                some_instance="also not valid JSON!",
+            ),
+
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+        self.assertIn(
+            "(some_schema)===\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n",
+            stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertNotIn("some_instance", stderr)
+
+    def test_instance_does_not_exist(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            argv=["-i", "nonexisting_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                'nonexisting_instance' does not exist.
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_instance_does_not_exist_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            argv=[
+                "--output", "pretty",
+                "-i", "nonexisting_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[FileNotFoundError]===(nonexisting_instance)===
+
+                'nonexisting_instance' does not exist.
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_does_not_exist(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            argv=["nonexisting_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="'nonexisting_schema' does not exist.\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_does_not_exist_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "nonexisting_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[FileNotFoundError]===(nonexisting_schema)===
+
+                'nonexisting_schema' does not exist.
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_neither_instance_nor_schema_exist(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            argv=["-i", "nonexisting_instance", "nonexisting_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="'nonexisting_schema' does not exist.\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_neither_instance_nor_schema_exist_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            argv=[
+                "--output", "pretty",
+                "-i", "nonexisting_instance",
+                "nonexisting_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[FileNotFoundError]===(nonexisting_schema)===
+
+                'nonexisting_schema' does not exist.
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance="{}"),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance="{}"),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="===[SUCCESS]===(some_instance)===\n",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_of_stdin(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            stdin=StringIO("{}"),
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_of_stdin_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            stdin=StringIO("{}"),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="===[SUCCESS]===(<stdin>)===\n",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_of_just_the_schema(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance="{}"),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_of_just_the_schema_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance="{}"),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="===[SUCCESS]===(some_instance)===\n",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_via_explicit_base_uri(self):
+        ref_schema_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
+        self.addCleanup(os.remove, ref_schema_file.name)
+
+        ref_path = Path(ref_schema_file.name)
+        ref_path.write_text('{"definitions": {"num": {"type": "integer"}}}')
+
+        schema = f'{{"$ref": "{ref_path.name}#definitions/num"}}'
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance="1"),
+            argv=[
+                "-i", "some_instance",
+                "--base-uri", ref_path.parent.as_uri() + "/",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_unsuccessful_validation_via_explicit_base_uri(self):
+        ref_schema_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
+        self.addCleanup(os.remove, ref_schema_file.name)
+
+        ref_path = Path(ref_schema_file.name)
+        ref_path.write_text('{"definitions": {"num": {"type": "integer"}}}')
+
+        schema = f'{{"$ref": "{ref_path.name}#definitions/num"}}'
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance='"1"'),
+            argv=[
+                "-i", "some_instance",
+                "--base-uri", ref_path.parent.as_uri() + "/",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+            exit_code=1,
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="1: '1' is not of type 'integer'\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_nonexistent_file_with_explicit_base_uri(self):
+        schema = '{"$ref": "someNonexistentFile.json#definitions/num"}'
+        instance = "1"
+
+        with self.assertRaises(RefResolutionError) as e:
+            self.assertOutputs(
+                files=dict(
+                    some_schema=schema,
+                    some_instance=instance,
+                ),
+                argv=[
+                    "-i", "some_instance",
+                    "--base-uri", Path.cwd().as_uri(),
+                    "some_schema",
+                ],
+            )
+        error = str(e.exception)
+        self.assertIn(f"{os.sep}someNonexistentFile.json'", error)
+
+    def test_invalid_exlicit_base_uri(self):
+        schema = '{"$ref": "foo.json#definitions/num"}'
+        instance = "1"
+
+        with self.assertRaises(RefResolutionError) as e:
+            self.assertOutputs(
+                files=dict(
+                    some_schema=schema,
+                    some_instance=instance,
+                ),
+                argv=[
+                    "-i", "some_instance",
+                    "--base-uri", "not@UR1",
+                    "some_schema",
+                ],
+            )
+        error = str(e.exception)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            error, "unknown url type: 'foo.json'",
+        )
+
+    def test_it_validates_using_the_latest_validator_when_unspecified(self):
+        # There isn't a better way now I can think of to ensure that the
+        # latest version was used, given that the call to validator_for
+        # is hidden inside the CLI, so guard that that's the case, and
+        # this test will have to be updated when versions change until
+        # we can think of a better way to ensure this behavior.
+        self.assertIs(Draft202012Validator, _LATEST_VERSION)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema='{"const": "check"}', some_instance='"a"'),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            exit_code=1,
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="a: 'check' was expected\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_it_validates_using_draft7_when_specified(self):
+        """
+        Specifically, `const` validation applies for Draft 7.
+        """
+        schema = """
+            {
+                "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+                "const": "check"
+            }
+        """
+        instance = '"foo"'
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance=instance),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            exit_code=1,
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="foo: 'check' was expected\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_it_validates_using_draft4_when_specified(self):
+        """
+        Specifically, `const` validation *does not* apply for Draft 4.
+        """
+        schema = """
+            {
+                "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#",
+                "const": "check"
+            }
+            """
+        instance = '"foo"'
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance=instance),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+
+class TestParser(TestCase):
+
+    FakeValidator = fake_validator()
+
+    def test_find_validator_by_fully_qualified_object_name(self):
+        arguments = cli.parse_args(
+            [
+                "--validator",
+                "jsonschema.tests.test_cli.TestParser.FakeValidator",
+                "--instance", "mem://some/instance",
+                "mem://some/schema",
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertIs(arguments["validator"], self.FakeValidator)
+
+    def test_find_validator_in_jsonschema(self):
+        arguments = cli.parse_args(
+            [
+                "--validator", "Draft4Validator",
+                "--instance", "mem://some/instance",
+                "mem://some/schema",
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertIs(arguments["validator"], Draft4Validator)
+
+    def cli_output_for(self, *argv):
+        stdout, stderr = StringIO(), StringIO()
+        with redirect_stdout(stdout), redirect_stderr(stderr):
+            with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
+                cli.parse_args(argv)
+        return stdout.getvalue(), stderr.getvalue()
+
+    def test_unknown_output(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.cli_output_for(
+            "--output", "foo",
+            "mem://some/schema",
+        )
+        self.assertIn("invalid choice: 'foo'", stderr)
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+
+    def test_useless_error_format(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.cli_output_for(
+            "--output", "pretty",
+            "--error-format", "foo",
+            "mem://some/schema",
+        )
+        self.assertIn(
+            "--error-format can only be used with --output plain",
+            stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+
+
+class TestCLIIntegration(TestCase):
+    def test_license(self):
+        output = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "show", "jsonschema"],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        )
+        self.assertIn(b"License: MIT", output)
+
+    def test_version(self):
+        version = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "jsonschema", "--version"],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        )
+        version = version.decode("utf-8").strip()
+        self.assertEqual(version, metadata.version("jsonschema"))
+
+    def test_no_arguments_shows_usage_notes(self):
+        output = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "jsonschema"],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        )
+        output_for_help = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "jsonschema", "--help"],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(output, output_for_help)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_deprecations.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_deprecations.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58fd050
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_deprecations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+from jsonschema import validators
+
+
+class TestDeprecations(TestCase):
+    def test_version(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, __version__ is deprecated in favor of importlib.metadata.
+        """
+
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as w:
+            from jsonschema import __version__  # noqa
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+        self.assertTrue(
+            str(w.warning).startswith(
+                "Accessing jsonschema.__version__ is deprecated",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_validators_ErrorTree(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, importing ErrorTree from jsonschema.validators is
+        deprecated in favor of doing so from jsonschema.exceptions.
+        """
+
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as w:
+            from jsonschema.validators import ErrorTree  # noqa
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+        self.assertTrue(
+            str(w.warning).startswith(
+                "Importing ErrorTree from jsonschema.validators is deprecated",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_validators_validators(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, accessing jsonschema.validators.validators is
+        deprecated.
+        """
+
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as w:
+            value = validators.validators
+        self.assertEqual(value, validators._VALIDATORS)
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+        self.assertTrue(
+            str(w.warning).startswith(
+                "Accessing jsonschema.validators.validators is deprecated",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_validators_meta_schemas(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, accessing jsonschema.validators.meta_schemas is
+        deprecated.
+        """
+
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as w:
+            value = validators.meta_schemas
+        self.assertEqual(value, validators._META_SCHEMAS)
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+        self.assertTrue(
+            str(w.warning).startswith(
+                "Accessing jsonschema.validators.meta_schemas is deprecated",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_RefResolver_in_scope(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, RefResolver.in_scope is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver.from_schema({})
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as w:
+            with resolver.in_scope("foo"):
+                pass
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+        self.assertTrue(
+            str(w.warning).startswith(
+                "jsonschema.RefResolver.in_scope is deprecated ",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_Validator_is_valid_two_arguments(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, calling is_valid with two arguments (to provide a
+        different schema) is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator({})
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as w:
+            result = validator.is_valid("foo", {"type": "number"})
+
+        self.assertFalse(result)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+        self.assertTrue(
+            str(w.warning).startswith(
+                "Passing a schema to Validator.is_valid is deprecated ",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_Validator_iter_errors_two_arguments(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, calling iter_errors with two arguments (to provide a
+        different schema) is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator({})
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as w:
+            error, = validator.iter_errors("foo", {"type": "number"})
+
+        self.assertEqual(error.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+        self.assertTrue(
+            str(w.warning).startswith(
+                "Passing a schema to Validator.iter_errors is deprecated ",
+            ),
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..153b72e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,475 @@
+from unittest import TestCase
+import textwrap
+
+from jsonschema import Draft4Validator, exceptions
+
+
+class TestBestMatch(TestCase):
+    def best_match(self, errors):
+        errors = list(errors)
+        best = exceptions.best_match(errors)
+        reversed_best = exceptions.best_match(reversed(errors))
+        msg = "Didn't return a consistent best match!\nGot: {0}\n\nThen: {1}"
+        self.assertEqual(
+            best._contents(), reversed_best._contents(),
+            msg=msg.format(best, reversed_best),
+        )
+        return best
+
+    def test_shallower_errors_are_better_matches(self):
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "minProperties": 2,
+                        "properties": {"bar": {"type": "object"}},
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": []}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minProperties")
+
+    def test_oneOf_and_anyOf_are_weak_matches(self):
+        """
+        A property you *must* match is probably better than one you have to
+        match a part of.
+        """
+
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "minProperties": 2,
+                "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "number"}],
+                "oneOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "number"}],
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minProperties")
+
+    def test_if_the_most_relevant_error_is_anyOf_it_is_traversed(self):
+        """
+        If the most relevant error is an anyOf, then we traverse its context
+        and select the otherwise *least* relevant error, since in this case
+        that means the most specific, deep, error inside the instance.
+
+        I.e. since only one of the schemas must match, we look for the most
+        relevant one.
+        """
+
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "anyOf": [
+                            {"type": "string"},
+                            {"properties": {"bar": {"type": "array"}}},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": 12}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "array")
+
+    def test_if_the_most_relevant_error_is_oneOf_it_is_traversed(self):
+        """
+        If the most relevant error is an oneOf, then we traverse its context
+        and select the otherwise *least* relevant error, since in this case
+        that means the most specific, deep, error inside the instance.
+
+        I.e. since only one of the schemas must match, we look for the most
+        relevant one.
+        """
+
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "oneOf": [
+                            {"type": "string"},
+                            {"properties": {"bar": {"type": "array"}}},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": 12}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "array")
+
+    def test_if_the_most_relevant_error_is_allOf_it_is_traversed(self):
+        """
+        Now, if the error is allOf, we traverse but select the *most* relevant
+        error from the context, because all schemas here must match anyways.
+        """
+
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "allOf": [
+                            {"type": "string"},
+                            {"properties": {"bar": {"type": "array"}}},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": 12}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "string")
+
+    def test_nested_context_for_oneOf(self):
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "oneOf": [
+                            {"type": "string"},
+                            {
+                                "oneOf": [
+                                    {"type": "string"},
+                                    {
+                                        "properties": {
+                                            "bar": {"type": "array"},
+                                        },
+                                    },
+                                ],
+                            },
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": 12}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "array")
+
+    def test_one_error(self):
+        validator = Draft4Validator({"minProperties": 2})
+        error, = validator.iter_errors({})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            exceptions.best_match(validator.iter_errors({})).validator,
+            "minProperties",
+        )
+
+    def test_no_errors(self):
+        validator = Draft4Validator({})
+        self.assertIsNone(exceptions.best_match(validator.iter_errors({})))
+
+
+class TestByRelevance(TestCase):
+    def test_short_paths_are_better_matches(self):
+        shallow = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=["baz"])
+        deep = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=["foo", "bar"])
+        match = max([shallow, deep], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertIs(match, shallow)
+
+        match = max([deep, shallow], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertIs(match, shallow)
+
+    def test_global_errors_are_even_better_matches(self):
+        shallow = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=[])
+        deep = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=["foo"])
+
+        errors = sorted([shallow, deep], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [list(error.path) for error in errors],
+            [["foo"], []],
+        )
+
+        errors = sorted([deep, shallow], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [list(error.path) for error in errors],
+            [["foo"], []],
+        )
+
+    def test_weak_validators_are_lower_priority(self):
+        weak = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=[], validator="a")
+        normal = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=[], validator="b")
+
+        best_match = exceptions.by_relevance(weak="a")
+
+        match = max([weak, normal], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, normal)
+
+        match = max([normal, weak], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, normal)
+
+    def test_strong_validators_are_higher_priority(self):
+        weak = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=[], validator="a")
+        normal = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=[], validator="b")
+        strong = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh fine!", path=[], validator="c")
+
+        best_match = exceptions.by_relevance(weak="a", strong="c")
+
+        match = max([weak, normal, strong], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, strong)
+
+        match = max([strong, normal, weak], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, strong)
+
+
+class TestErrorTree(TestCase):
+    def test_it_knows_how_many_total_errors_it_contains(self):
+        # FIXME: https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/issues/442
+        errors = [
+            exceptions.ValidationError("Something", validator=i)
+            for i in range(8)
+        ]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertEqual(tree.total_errors, 8)
+
+    def test_it_contains_an_item_if_the_item_had_an_error(self):
+        errors = [exceptions.ValidationError("a message", path=["bar"])]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertIn("bar", tree)
+
+    def test_it_does_not_contain_an_item_if_the_item_had_no_error(self):
+        errors = [exceptions.ValidationError("a message", path=["bar"])]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertNotIn("foo", tree)
+
+    def test_validators_that_failed_appear_in_errors_dict(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError("a message", validator="foo")
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+        self.assertEqual(tree.errors, {"foo": error})
+
+    def test_it_creates_a_child_tree_for_each_nested_path(self):
+        errors = [
+            exceptions.ValidationError("a bar message", path=["bar"]),
+            exceptions.ValidationError("a bar -> 0 message", path=["bar", 0]),
+        ]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertIn(0, tree["bar"])
+        self.assertNotIn(1, tree["bar"])
+
+    def test_children_have_their_errors_dicts_built(self):
+        e1, e2 = (
+            exceptions.ValidationError("1", validator="foo", path=["bar", 0]),
+            exceptions.ValidationError("2", validator="quux", path=["bar", 0]),
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([e1, e2])
+        self.assertEqual(tree["bar"][0].errors, {"foo": e1, "quux": e2})
+
+    def test_multiple_errors_with_instance(self):
+        e1, e2 = (
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "1",
+                validator="foo",
+                path=["bar", "bar2"],
+                instance="i1"),
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "2",
+                validator="quux",
+                path=["foobar", 2],
+                instance="i2"),
+        )
+        exceptions.ErrorTree([e1, e2])
+
+    def test_it_does_not_contain_subtrees_that_are_not_in_the_instance(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError("123", validator="foo", instance=[])
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+
+        with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
+            tree[0]
+
+    def test_if_its_in_the_tree_anyhow_it_does_not_raise_an_error(self):
+        """
+        If a validator is dumb (like :validator:`required` in draft 3) and
+        refers to a path that isn't in the instance, the tree still properly
+        returns a subtree for that path.
+        """
+
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError(
+            "a message", validator="foo", instance={}, path=["foo"],
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+        self.assertIsInstance(tree["foo"], exceptions.ErrorTree)
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        e1, e2 = (
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "1",
+                validator="foo",
+                path=["bar", "bar2"],
+                instance="i1"),
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "2",
+                validator="quux",
+                path=["foobar", 2],
+                instance="i2"),
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([e1, e2])
+        self.assertEqual(repr(tree), "<ErrorTree (2 total errors)>")
+
+
+class TestErrorInitReprStr(TestCase):
+    def make_error(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = dict(
+            message="hello",
+            validator="type",
+            validator_value="string",
+            instance=5,
+            schema={"type": "string"},
+        )
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return exceptions.ValidationError(**defaults)
+
+    def assertShows(self, expected, **kwargs):
+        expected = textwrap.dedent(expected).rstrip("\n")
+
+        error = self.make_error(**kwargs)
+        message_line, _, rest = str(error).partition("\n")
+        self.assertEqual(message_line, error.message)
+        self.assertEqual(rest, expected)
+
+    def test_it_calls_super_and_sets_args(self):
+        error = self.make_error()
+        self.assertGreater(len(error.args), 1)
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            repr(exceptions.ValidationError(message="Hello!")),
+            "<ValidationError: 'Hello!'>",
+        )
+
+    def test_unset_error(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError("message")
+        self.assertEqual(str(error), "message")
+
+        kwargs = {
+            "validator": "type",
+            "validator_value": "string",
+            "instance": 5,
+            "schema": {"type": "string"},
+        }
+        # Just the message should show if any of the attributes are unset
+        for attr in kwargs:
+            k = dict(kwargs)
+            del k[attr]
+            error = exceptions.ValidationError("message", **k)
+            self.assertEqual(str(error), "message")
+
+    def test_empty_paths(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating 'type' in schema:
+                {'type': 'string'}
+
+            On instance:
+                5
+            """,
+            path=[],
+            schema_path=[],
+        )
+
+    def test_one_item_paths(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating 'type' in schema:
+                {'type': 'string'}
+
+            On instance[0]:
+                5
+            """,
+            path=[0],
+            schema_path=["items"],
+        )
+
+    def test_multiple_item_paths(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating 'type' in schema['items'][0]:
+                {'type': 'string'}
+
+            On instance[0]['a']:
+                5
+            """,
+            path=[0, "a"],
+            schema_path=["items", 0, 1],
+        )
+
+    def test_uses_pprint(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating 'maxLength' in schema:
+                {0: 0,
+                 1: 1,
+                 2: 2,
+                 3: 3,
+                 4: 4,
+                 5: 5,
+                 6: 6,
+                 7: 7,
+                 8: 8,
+                 9: 9,
+                 10: 10,
+                 11: 11,
+                 12: 12,
+                 13: 13,
+                 14: 14,
+                 15: 15,
+                 16: 16,
+                 17: 17,
+                 18: 18,
+                 19: 19}
+
+            On instance:
+                [0,
+                 1,
+                 2,
+                 3,
+                 4,
+                 5,
+                 6,
+                 7,
+                 8,
+                 9,
+                 10,
+                 11,
+                 12,
+                 13,
+                 14,
+                 15,
+                 16,
+                 17,
+                 18,
+                 19,
+                 20,
+                 21,
+                 22,
+                 23,
+                 24]
+            """,
+            instance=list(range(25)),
+            schema=dict(zip(range(20), range(20))),
+            validator="maxLength",
+        )
+
+    def test_str_works_with_instances_having_overriden_eq_operator(self):
+        """
+        Check for https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/issues/164 which
+        rendered exceptions unusable when a `ValidationError` involved
+        instances with an `__eq__` method that returned truthy values.
+        """
+
+        class DontEQMeBro(object):
+            def __eq__(this, other):  # pragma: no cover
+                self.fail("Don't!")
+
+            def __ne__(this, other):  # pragma: no cover
+                self.fail("Don't!")
+
+        instance = DontEQMeBro()
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError(
+            "a message",
+            validator="foo",
+            instance=instance,
+            validator_value="some",
+            schema="schema",
+        )
+        self.assertIn(repr(instance), str(error))
+
+
+class TestHashable(TestCase):
+    def test_hashable(self):
+        set([exceptions.ValidationError("")])
+        set([exceptions.SchemaError("")])
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_format.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_format.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1846cb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_format.py
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+"""
+Tests for the parts of jsonschema related to the :validator:`format` property.
+"""
+
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+from jsonschema import FormatChecker, FormatError, ValidationError
+from jsonschema.validators import Draft4Validator
+
+BOOM = ValueError("Boom!")
+BANG = ZeroDivisionError("Bang!")
+
+
+def boom(thing):
+    if thing == "bang":
+        raise BANG
+    raise BOOM
+
+
+class TestFormatChecker(TestCase):
+    def test_it_can_validate_no_formats(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker(formats=())
+        self.assertFalse(checker.checkers)
+
+    def test_it_raises_a_key_error_for_unknown_formats(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
+            FormatChecker(formats=["o noes"])
+
+    def test_it_can_register_cls_checkers(self):
+        original = dict(FormatChecker.checkers)
+        self.addCleanup(FormatChecker.checkers.pop, "boom")
+        FormatChecker.cls_checks("boom")(boom)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            FormatChecker.checkers,
+            dict(original, boom=(boom, ())),
+        )
+
+    def test_it_can_register_checkers(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        checker.checks("boom")(boom)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            checker.checkers,
+            dict(FormatChecker.checkers, boom=(boom, ())),
+        )
+
+    def test_it_catches_registered_errors(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        checker.checks("boom", raises=type(BOOM))(boom)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(FormatError) as cm:
+            checker.check(instance=12, format="boom")
+
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.cause, BOOM)
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.__cause__, BOOM)
+
+        # Unregistered errors should not be caught
+        with self.assertRaises(type(BANG)):
+            checker.check(instance="bang", format="boom")
+
+    def test_format_error_causes_become_validation_error_causes(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        checker.checks("boom", raises=ValueError)(boom)
+        validator = Draft4Validator({"format": "boom"}, format_checker=checker)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError) as cm:
+            validator.validate("BOOM")
+
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.cause, BOOM)
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.__cause__, BOOM)
+
+    def test_format_checkers_come_with_defaults(self):
+        # This is bad :/ but relied upon.
+        # The docs for quite awhile recommended people do things like
+        # validate(..., format_checker=FormatChecker())
+        # We should change that, but we can't without deprecation...
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        with self.assertRaises(FormatError):
+            checker.check(instance="not-an-ipv4", format="ipv4")
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker(formats=())
+        checker.checks("foo")(lambda thing: True)  # pragma: no cover
+        checker.checks("bar")(lambda thing: True)  # pragma: no cover
+        checker.checks("baz")(lambda thing: True)  # pragma: no cover
+        self.assertEqual(
+            repr(checker),
+            "<FormatChecker checkers=['bar', 'baz', 'foo']>",
+        )
+
+    def test_duration_format(self):
+        try:
+            from jsonschema._format import is_duration  # noqa: F401
+        except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+            pass
+        else:
+            checker = FormatChecker()
+            self.assertTrue(checker.conforms(1, "duration"))
+            self.assertTrue(checker.conforms("P4Y", "duration"))
+            self.assertFalse(checker.conforms("test", "duration"))
+
+    def test_uuid_format(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        self.assertTrue(checker.conforms(1, "uuid"))
+        self.assertTrue(
+            checker.conforms("6e6659ec-4503-4428-9f03-2e2ea4d6c278", "uuid"),
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(checker.conforms("test", "uuid"))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_jsonschema_test_suite.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_jsonschema_test_suite.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c26da0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_jsonschema_test_suite.py
@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+"""
+Test runner for the JSON Schema official test suite
+
+Tests comprehensive correctness of each draft's validator.
+
+See https://github.com/json-schema-org/JSON-Schema-Test-Suite for details.
+"""
+
+import sys
+
+from jsonschema import (
+    Draft3Validator,
+    Draft4Validator,
+    Draft6Validator,
+    Draft7Validator,
+    Draft201909Validator,
+    Draft202012Validator,
+    draft3_format_checker,
+    draft4_format_checker,
+    draft6_format_checker,
+    draft7_format_checker,
+    draft201909_format_checker,
+    draft202012_format_checker,
+)
+from jsonschema.tests._helpers import bug
+from jsonschema.tests._suite import Suite
+
+SUITE = Suite()
+DRAFT3 = SUITE.version(name="draft3")
+DRAFT4 = SUITE.version(name="draft4")
+DRAFT6 = SUITE.version(name="draft6")
+DRAFT7 = SUITE.version(name="draft7")
+DRAFT201909 = SUITE.version(name="draft2019-09")
+DRAFT202012 = SUITE.version(name="draft2020-12")
+
+
+def skip(message, **kwargs):
+    def skipper(test):
+        if all(value == getattr(test, attr) for attr, value in kwargs.items()):
+            return message
+    return skipper
+
+
+def missing_format(checker):
+    def missing_format(test):  # pragma: no cover
+        schema = test.schema
+        if (
+            schema is True
+            or schema is False
+            or "format" not in schema
+            or schema["format"] in checker.checkers
+            or test.valid
+        ):
+            return
+
+        return "Format checker {0!r} not found.".format(schema["format"])
+    return missing_format
+
+
+def complex_email_validation(test):
+    if test.subject != "email":
+        return
+
+    message = "Complex email validation is (intentionally) unsupported."
+    return skip(
+        message=message,
+        description="dot after local part is not valid",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        description="dot before local part is not valid",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        description="two subsequent dots inside local part are not valid",
+    )(test)
+
+
+is_narrow_build = sys.maxunicode == 2 ** 16 - 1
+if is_narrow_build:  # pragma: no cover
+    message = "Not running surrogate Unicode case, this Python is narrow."
+
+    def narrow_unicode_build(test):  # pragma: no cover
+        return skip(
+            message=message,
+            description=(
+                "one supplementary Unicode code point is not long enough"
+            ),
+        )(test) or skip(
+            message=message,
+            description="two supplementary Unicode code points is long enough",
+        )(test)
+else:
+    def narrow_unicode_build(test):  # pragma: no cover
+        return
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 9):  # pragma: no cover
+    message = "Rejecting leading zeros is 3.9+"
+    allowed_leading_zeros = skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="ipv4",
+        description=(
+            "leading zeroes should be rejected, as they are treated as octals"
+        ),
+    )
+else:
+    def allowed_leading_zeros(test):  # pragma: no cover
+        return
+
+
+def leap_second(test):
+    message = "Leap seconds are unsupported."
+    return skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="a valid time string with leap second",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="a valid time string with leap second, Zulu",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="a valid time string with leap second with offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, positive time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, negative time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, large positive time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, large negative time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, zero time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="date-time",
+        description="a valid date-time with a leap second, UTC",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="date-time",
+        description="a valid date-time with a leap second, with minus offset",
+    )(test)
+
+
+TestDraft3 = DRAFT3.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT3.tests(),
+    DRAFT3.format_tests(),
+    DRAFT3.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT3.optional_tests_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    DRAFT3.optional_tests_of(name="zeroTerminatedFloats"),
+    Validator=Draft3Validator,
+    format_checker=draft3_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        narrow_unicode_build(test)
+        or missing_format(draft3_format_checker)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "$ref prevents a sibling id from changing the base uri"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft4 = DRAFT4.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT4.tests(),
+    DRAFT4.format_tests(),
+    DRAFT4.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT4.optional_tests_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT4.optional_tests_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    DRAFT4.optional_tests_of(name="zeroTerminatedFloats"),
+    Validator=Draft4Validator,
+    format_checker=draft4_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        narrow_unicode_build(test)
+        or allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(draft4_format_checker)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description="Recursive references between schemas",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "Location-independent identifier with "
+                "base URI change in subschema"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "$ref prevents a sibling id from changing the base uri"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="id",
+            description="match $ref to id",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="id",
+            description="no match on enum or $ref to id",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="refRemote",
+            case_description="base URI change - change folder in subschema",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "id must be resolved against nearest parent, "
+                "not just immediate parent"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft6 = DRAFT6.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT6.tests(),
+    DRAFT6.format_tests(),
+    DRAFT6.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT6.optional_tests_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT6.optional_tests_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    Validator=Draft6Validator,
+    format_checker=draft6_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        narrow_unicode_build(test)
+        or allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(draft6_format_checker)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "Location-independent identifier with "
+                "base URI change in subschema"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="refRemote",
+            case_description="base URI change - change folder in subschema",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "$ref prevents a sibling $id from changing the base uri"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft7 = DRAFT7.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT7.tests(),
+    DRAFT7.format_tests(),
+    DRAFT7.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT7.optional_tests_of(name="content"),
+    DRAFT7.optional_tests_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT7.optional_tests_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    Validator=Draft7Validator,
+    format_checker=draft7_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        narrow_unicode_build(test)
+        or allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(draft7_format_checker)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "Location-independent identifier with "
+                "base URI change in subschema"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="refRemote",
+            case_description="base URI change - change folder in subschema",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "$ref prevents a sibling $id from changing the base uri"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "$id must be resolved against nearest parent, "
+                "not just immediate parent"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(593),
+            subject="content",
+            valid=False,
+            case_description=(
+                "validation of string-encoded content based on media type"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(593),
+            subject="content",
+            valid=False,
+            case_description="validation of binary string-encoding",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(593),
+            subject="content",
+            valid=False,
+            case_description=(
+                "validation of binary-encoded media type documents"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft201909 = DRAFT201909.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT201909.tests(),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_tests_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_tests_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_tests_of(name="refOfUnknownKeyword"),
+    Validator=Draft201909Validator,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        skip(
+            message="unevaluatedItems is different in 2019-09 (needs work).",
+            subject="unevaluatedItems",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="dynamicRef support isn't working yet.",
+            subject="recursiveRef",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="These tests depends on dynamicRef working.",
+            subject="anchor",
+            case_description="same $anchor with different base uri",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="Vocabulary support is not yet present.",
+            subject="vocabulary",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "$id must be resolved against nearest parent, "
+                "not just immediate parent"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft201909Format = DRAFT201909.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT201909.format_tests(),
+    Validator=Draft201909Validator,
+    format_checker=draft201909_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        complex_email_validation(test)
+        or allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(draft201909_format_checker)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft202012 = DRAFT202012.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT202012.tests(),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_tests_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_tests_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_tests_of(name="refOfUnknownKeyword"),
+    Validator=Draft202012Validator,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        narrow_unicode_build(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="dynamicRef support isn't working yet.",
+            subject="dynamicRef",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="These tests depends on dynamicRef working.",
+            subject="defs",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="These tests depends on dynamicRef working.",
+            subject="anchor",
+            case_description="same $anchor with different base uri",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="Vocabulary support is not yet present.",
+            subject="vocabulary",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "$id must be resolved against nearest parent, "
+                "not just immediate parent"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft202012Format = DRAFT202012.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT202012.format_tests(),
+    Validator=Draft202012Validator,
+    format_checker=draft202012_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        complex_email_validation(test)
+        or allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(draft202012_format_checker)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+    ),
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_types.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3fd1a70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+"""
+Tests for the `TypeChecker`-based type interface.
+
+The actual correctness of the type checking is handled in
+`test_jsonschema_test_suite`; these tests check that TypeChecker
+functions correctly at a more granular level.
+"""
+from collections import namedtuple
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+from jsonschema import ValidationError, _validators
+from jsonschema._types import TypeChecker
+from jsonschema.exceptions import UndefinedTypeCheck, UnknownType
+from jsonschema.validators import Draft202012Validator, extend
+
+
+def equals_2(checker, instance):
+    return instance == 2
+
+
+def is_namedtuple(instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, tuple) and getattr(instance, "_fields", None)
+
+
+def is_object_or_named_tuple(checker, instance):
+    if Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return True
+    return is_namedtuple(instance)
+
+
+class TestTypeChecker(TestCase):
+    def test_is_type(self):
+        checker = TypeChecker({"two": equals_2})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                checker.is_type(instance=2, type="two"),
+                checker.is_type(instance="bar", type="two"),
+            ),
+            (True, False),
+        )
+
+    def test_is_unknown_type(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(UndefinedTypeCheck) as e:
+            TypeChecker().is_type(4, "foobar")
+        self.assertIn(
+            "'foobar' is unknown to this type checker",
+            str(e.exception),
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(
+            e.exception.__suppress_context__,
+            msg="Expected the internal KeyError to be hidden.",
+        )
+
+    def test_checks_can_be_added_at_init(self):
+        checker = TypeChecker({"two": equals_2})
+        self.assertEqual(checker, TypeChecker().redefine("two", equals_2))
+
+    def test_redefine_existing_type(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker().redefine("two", object()).redefine("two", equals_2),
+            TypeChecker().redefine("two", equals_2),
+        )
+
+    def test_remove(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker({"two": equals_2}).remove("two"),
+            TypeChecker(),
+        )
+
+    def test_remove_unknown_type(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(UndefinedTypeCheck) as context:
+            TypeChecker().remove("foobar")
+        self.assertIn("foobar", str(context.exception))
+
+    def test_redefine_many(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker().redefine_many({"foo": int, "bar": str}),
+            TypeChecker().redefine("foo", int).redefine("bar", str),
+        )
+
+    def test_remove_multiple(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker({"foo": int, "bar": str}).remove("foo", "bar"),
+            TypeChecker(),
+        )
+
+    def test_type_check_can_raise_key_error(self):
+        """
+        Make sure no one writes:
+
+            try:
+                self._type_checkers[type](...)
+            except KeyError:
+
+        ignoring the fact that the function itself can raise that.
+        """
+
+        error = KeyError("Stuff")
+
+        def raises_keyerror(checker, instance):
+            raise error
+
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError) as context:
+            TypeChecker({"foo": raises_keyerror}).is_type(4, "foo")
+
+        self.assertIs(context.exception, error)
+
+
+class TestCustomTypes(TestCase):
+    def test_simple_type_can_be_extended(self):
+        def int_or_str_int(checker, instance):
+            if not isinstance(instance, (int, str)):
+                return False
+            try:
+                int(instance)
+            except ValueError:
+                return False
+            return True
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft202012Validator,
+            type_checker=Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+                "integer", int_or_str_int,
+            ),
+        )
+        validator = CustomValidator({"type": "integer"})
+
+        validator.validate(4)
+        validator.validate("4")
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(4.4)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate("foo")
+
+    def test_object_can_be_extended(self):
+        schema = {"type": "object"}
+
+        Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+
+        type_checker = Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+            "object", is_object_or_named_tuple,
+        )
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft202012Validator,
+            type_checker=type_checker,
+        )
+        validator = CustomValidator(schema)
+
+        validator.validate(Point(x=4, y=5))
+
+    def test_object_extensions_require_custom_validators(self):
+        schema = {"type": "object", "required": ["x"]}
+
+        type_checker = Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+            "object", is_object_or_named_tuple,
+        )
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft202012Validator,
+            type_checker=type_checker,
+        )
+        validator = CustomValidator(schema)
+
+        Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+        # Cannot handle required
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(Point(x=4, y=5))
+
+    def test_object_extensions_can_handle_custom_validators(self):
+        schema = {
+            "type": "object",
+            "required": ["x"],
+            "properties": {"x": {"type": "integer"}},
+        }
+
+        type_checker = Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+            "object", is_object_or_named_tuple,
+        )
+
+        def coerce_named_tuple(fn):
+            def coerced(validator, value, instance, schema):
+                if is_namedtuple(instance):
+                    instance = instance._asdict()
+                return fn(validator, value, instance, schema)
+            return coerced
+
+        required = coerce_named_tuple(_validators.required)
+        properties = coerce_named_tuple(_validators.properties)
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft202012Validator,
+            type_checker=type_checker,
+            validators={"required": required, "properties": properties},
+        )
+
+        validator = CustomValidator(schema)
+
+        Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+        # Can now process required and properties
+        validator.validate(Point(x=4, y=5))
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(Point(x="not an integer", y=5))
+
+        # As well as still handle objects.
+        validator.validate({"x": 4, "y": 5})
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate({"x": "not an integer", "y": 5})
+
+    def test_unknown_type(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(UnknownType) as e:
+            Draft202012Validator({}).is_type(12, "some unknown type")
+        self.assertIn("'some unknown type'", str(e.exception))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e542b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+from jsonschema._utils import equal
+
+
+class TestEqual(TestCase):
+    def test_none(self):
+        self.assertTrue(equal(None, None))
+
+
+class TestDictEqual(TestCase):
+    def test_equal_dictionaries(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": "b"}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_missing_key(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "x": "b"}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_additional_key(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": "b", "x": "x"}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_missing_value(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": "x"}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_empty_dictionaries(self):
+        dict_1 = {}
+        dict_2 = {}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_one_none(self):
+        dict_1 = None
+        dict_2 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_same_item(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_1))
+
+    def test_nested_equal(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": {"a": "b", "c": "d"}, "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": {"a": "b", "c": "d"}}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_nested_dict_unequal(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": {"a": "b", "c": "d"}, "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": {"a": "b", "c": "x"}}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_mixed_nested_equal(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": ["a", "b", "c", "d"], "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": ["a", "b", "c", "d"]}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_nested_list_unequal(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": ["a", "b", "c", "d"], "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": ["b", "c", "d", "a"]}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+
+class TestListEqual(TestCase):
+    def test_equal_lists(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        list_2 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_unsorted_lists(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        list_2 = ["b", "b", "a"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_first_list_larger(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        list_2 = ["a", "b"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_second_list_larger(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b"]
+        list_2 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_list_with_none_unequal(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", None]
+        list_2 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", None]
+        list_2 = [None, "b", "c"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_list_with_none_equal(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", None, "c"]
+        list_2 = ["a", None, "c"]
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_empty_list(self):
+        list_1 = []
+        list_2 = []
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_one_none(self):
+        list_1 = None
+        list_2 = []
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_same_list(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_1))
+
+    def test_equal_nested_lists(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]
+        list_2 = ["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_unequal_nested_lists(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]
+        list_2 = ["a", [], "c"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_validators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_validators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b69a69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_validators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2169 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections import deque, namedtuple
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from decimal import Decimal
+from io import BytesIO
+from unittest import TestCase, mock
+from urllib.request import pathname2url
+import json
+import os
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+import warnings
+
+import attr
+
+from jsonschema import (
+    FormatChecker,
+    TypeChecker,
+    exceptions,
+    protocols,
+    validators,
+)
+from jsonschema.tests._helpers import bug
+
+
+def fail(validator, errors, instance, schema):
+    for each in errors:
+        each.setdefault("message", "You told me to fail!")
+        yield exceptions.ValidationError(**each)
+
+
+class TestCreateAndExtend(TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.addCleanup(
+            self.assertEqual,
+            validators._META_SCHEMAS,
+            dict(validators._META_SCHEMAS),
+        )
+
+        self.meta_schema = {"$id": "some://meta/schema"}
+        self.validators = {"fail": fail}
+        self.type_checker = TypeChecker()
+        self.Validator = validators.create(
+            meta_schema=self.meta_schema,
+            validators=self.validators,
+            type_checker=self.type_checker,
+        )
+
+    def test_attrs(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                self.Validator.VALIDATORS,
+                self.Validator.META_SCHEMA,
+                self.Validator.TYPE_CHECKER,
+            ), (
+                self.validators,
+                self.meta_schema,
+                self.type_checker,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_init(self):
+        schema = {"fail": []}
+        self.assertEqual(self.Validator(schema).schema, schema)
+
+    def test_iter_errors_successful(self):
+        schema = {"fail": []}
+        validator = self.Validator(schema)
+
+        errors = list(validator.iter_errors("hello"))
+        self.assertEqual(errors, [])
+
+    def test_iter_errors_one_error(self):
+        schema = {"fail": [{"message": "Whoops!"}]}
+        validator = self.Validator(schema)
+
+        expected_error = exceptions.ValidationError(
+            "Whoops!",
+            instance="goodbye",
+            schema=schema,
+            validator="fail",
+            validator_value=[{"message": "Whoops!"}],
+            schema_path=deque(["fail"]),
+        )
+
+        errors = list(validator.iter_errors("goodbye"))
+        self.assertEqual(len(errors), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(errors[0]._contents(), expected_error._contents())
+
+    def test_iter_errors_multiple_errors(self):
+        schema = {
+            "fail": [
+                {"message": "First"},
+                {"message": "Second!", "validator": "asdf"},
+                {"message": "Third"},
+            ],
+        }
+        validator = self.Validator(schema)
+
+        errors = list(validator.iter_errors("goodbye"))
+        self.assertEqual(len(errors), 3)
+
+    def test_if_a_version_is_provided_it_is_registered(self):
+        Validator = validators.create(
+            meta_schema={"$id": "something"},
+            version="my version",
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(validators._META_SCHEMAS.pop, "something")
+        self.assertEqual(Validator.__name__, "MyVersionValidator")
+        self.assertEqual(Validator.__qualname__, "MyVersionValidator")
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        Validator = validators.create(
+            meta_schema={"$id": "something"},
+            version="my version",
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(validators._META_SCHEMAS.pop, "something")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            repr(Validator({})),
+            "MyVersionValidator(schema={}, format_checker=None)",
+        )
+
+    def test_long_repr(self):
+        Validator = validators.create(
+            meta_schema={"$id": "something"},
+            version="my version",
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(validators._META_SCHEMAS.pop, "something")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            repr(Validator({"a": list(range(1000))})), (
+                "MyVersionValidator(schema={'a': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...]}, "
+                "format_checker=None)"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_repr_no_version(self):
+        Validator = validators.create(meta_schema={})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            repr(Validator({})),
+            "Validator(schema={}, format_checker=None)",
+        )
+
+    def test_dashes_are_stripped_from_validator_names(self):
+        Validator = validators.create(
+            meta_schema={"$id": "something"},
+            version="foo-bar",
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(validators._META_SCHEMAS.pop, "something")
+        self.assertEqual(Validator.__qualname__, "FooBarValidator")
+
+    def test_if_a_version_is_not_provided_it_is_not_registered(self):
+        original = dict(validators._META_SCHEMAS)
+        validators.create(meta_schema={"id": "id"})
+        self.assertEqual(validators._META_SCHEMAS, original)
+
+    def test_validates_registers_meta_schema_id(self):
+        meta_schema_key = "meta schema id"
+        my_meta_schema = {"id": meta_schema_key}
+
+        validators.create(
+            meta_schema=my_meta_schema,
+            version="my version",
+            id_of=lambda s: s.get("id", ""),
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(validators._META_SCHEMAS.pop, meta_schema_key)
+
+        self.assertIn(meta_schema_key, validators._META_SCHEMAS)
+
+    def test_validates_registers_meta_schema_draft6_id(self):
+        meta_schema_key = "meta schema $id"
+        my_meta_schema = {"$id": meta_schema_key}
+
+        validators.create(
+            meta_schema=my_meta_schema,
+            version="my version",
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(validators._META_SCHEMAS.pop, meta_schema_key)
+
+        self.assertIn(meta_schema_key, validators._META_SCHEMAS)
+
+    def test_create_default_types(self):
+        Validator = validators.create(meta_schema={}, validators=())
+        self.assertTrue(
+            all(
+                Validator({}).is_type(instance=instance, type=type)
+                for type, instance in [
+                    ("array", []),
+                    ("boolean", True),
+                    ("integer", 12),
+                    ("null", None),
+                    ("number", 12.0),
+                    ("object", {}),
+                    ("string", "foo"),
+                ]
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_extend(self):
+        original = dict(self.Validator.VALIDATORS)
+        new = object()
+
+        Extended = validators.extend(
+            self.Validator,
+            validators={"new": new},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                Extended.VALIDATORS,
+                Extended.META_SCHEMA,
+                Extended.TYPE_CHECKER,
+                self.Validator.VALIDATORS,
+            ), (
+                dict(original, new=new),
+                self.Validator.META_SCHEMA,
+                self.Validator.TYPE_CHECKER,
+                original,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_extend_idof(self):
+        """
+        Extending a validator preserves its notion of schema IDs.
+        """
+        def id_of(schema):
+            return schema.get("__test__", self.Validator.ID_OF(schema))
+        correct_id = "the://correct/id/"
+        meta_schema = {
+            "$id": "the://wrong/id/",
+            "__test__": correct_id,
+        }
+        Original = validators.create(
+            meta_schema=meta_schema,
+            validators=self.validators,
+            type_checker=self.type_checker,
+            id_of=id_of,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(Original.ID_OF(Original.META_SCHEMA), correct_id)
+
+        Derived = validators.extend(Original)
+        self.assertEqual(Derived.ID_OF(Derived.META_SCHEMA), correct_id)
+
+
+class TestValidationErrorMessages(TestCase):
+    def message_for(self, instance, schema, *args, **kwargs):
+        cls = kwargs.pop("cls", validators._LATEST_VERSION)
+        cls.check_schema(schema)
+        validator = cls(schema, *args, **kwargs)
+        errors = list(validator.iter_errors(instance))
+        self.assertTrue(errors, msg=f"No errors were raised for {instance!r}")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            len(errors),
+            1,
+            msg=f"Expected exactly one error, found {errors!r}",
+        )
+        return errors[0].message
+
+    def test_single_type_failure(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance=1, schema={"type": "string"})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "1 is not of type 'string'")
+
+    def test_single_type_list_failure(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance=1, schema={"type": ["string"]})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "1 is not of type 'string'")
+
+    def test_multiple_type_failure(self):
+        types = "string", "object"
+        message = self.message_for(instance=1, schema={"type": list(types)})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "1 is not of type 'string', 'object'")
+
+    def test_object_without_title_type_failure(self):
+        type = {"type": [{"minimum": 3}]}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=1,
+            schema={"type": [type]},
+            cls=validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "1 is not of type {'type': [{'minimum': 3}]}",
+        )
+
+    def test_object_with_named_type_failure(self):
+        schema = {"type": [{"name": "Foo", "minimum": 3}]}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=1,
+            schema=schema,
+            cls=validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "1 is not of type 'Foo'")
+
+    def test_minimum(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance=1, schema={"minimum": 2})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "1 is less than the minimum of 2")
+
+    def test_maximum(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance=1, schema={"maximum": 0})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "1 is greater than the maximum of 0")
+
+    def test_dependencies_single_element(self):
+        depend, on = "bar", "foo"
+        schema = {"dependencies": {depend: on}}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance={"bar": 2},
+            schema=schema,
+            cls=validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "'foo' is a dependency of 'bar'")
+
+    def test_dependencies_list_draft3(self):
+        depend, on = "bar", "foo"
+        schema = {"dependencies": {depend: [on]}}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance={"bar": 2},
+            schema=schema,
+            cls=validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "'foo' is a dependency of 'bar'")
+
+    def test_dependencies_list_draft7(self):
+        depend, on = "bar", "foo"
+        schema = {"dependencies": {depend: [on]}}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance={"bar": 2},
+            schema=schema,
+            cls=validators.Draft7Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "'foo' is a dependency of 'bar'")
+
+    def test_additionalItems_single_failure(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=[2],
+            schema={"items": [], "additionalItems": False},
+            cls=validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertIn("(2 was unexpected)", message)
+
+    def test_additionalItems_multiple_failures(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=[1, 2, 3],
+            schema={"items": [], "additionalItems": False},
+            cls=validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertIn("(1, 2, 3 were unexpected)", message)
+
+    def test_additionalProperties_single_failure(self):
+        additional = "foo"
+        schema = {"additionalProperties": False}
+        message = self.message_for(instance={additional: 2}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertIn("('foo' was unexpected)", message)
+
+    def test_additionalProperties_multiple_failures(self):
+        schema = {"additionalProperties": False}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=dict.fromkeys(["foo", "bar"]),
+            schema=schema,
+        )
+
+        self.assertIn(repr("foo"), message)
+        self.assertIn(repr("bar"), message)
+        self.assertIn("were unexpected)", message)
+
+    def test_const(self):
+        schema = {"const": 12}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance={"foo": "bar"},
+            schema=schema,
+        )
+        self.assertIn("12 was expected", message)
+
+    def test_contains_draft_6(self):
+        schema = {"contains": {"const": 12}}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=[2, {}, []],
+            schema=schema,
+            cls=validators.Draft6Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "None of [2, {}, []] are valid under the given schema",
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_format_default_message(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker(formats=())
+        checker.checks("thing")(lambda value: False)
+
+        schema = {"format": "thing"}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance="bla",
+            schema=schema,
+            format_checker=checker,
+        )
+
+        self.assertIn(repr("bla"), message)
+        self.assertIn(repr("thing"), message)
+        self.assertIn("is not a", message)
+
+    def test_additionalProperties_false_patternProperties(self):
+        schema = {"type": "object",
+                  "additionalProperties": False,
+                  "patternProperties": {
+                      "^abc$": {"type": "string"},
+                      "^def$": {"type": "string"},
+                  }}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance={"zebra": 123},
+            schema=schema,
+            cls=validators.Draft4Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "{} does not match any of the regexes: {}, {}".format(
+                repr("zebra"), repr("^abc$"), repr("^def$"),
+            ),
+        )
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance={"zebra": 123, "fish": 456},
+            schema=schema,
+            cls=validators.Draft4Validator,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "{}, {} do not match any of the regexes: {}, {}".format(
+                repr("fish"), repr("zebra"), repr("^abc$"), repr("^def$"),
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_False_schema(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance="something",
+            schema=False,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "False schema does not allow 'something'")
+
+    def test_multipleOf(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=3,
+            schema={"multipleOf": 2},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "3 is not a multiple of 2")
+
+    def test_minItems(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance=[], schema={"minItems": 2})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "[] is too short")
+
+    def test_maxItems(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance=[1, 2, 3], schema={"maxItems": 2})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "[1, 2, 3] is too long")
+
+    def test_prefixItems_with_items(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=[1, 2, "foo", 5],
+            schema={"items": False, "prefixItems": [{}, {}]},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "Expected at most 2 items, but found 4")
+
+    def test_minLength(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance="",
+            schema={"minLength": 2},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "'' is too short")
+
+    def test_maxLength(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance="abc",
+            schema={"maxLength": 2},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "'abc' is too long")
+
+    def test_pattern(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance="bbb",
+            schema={"pattern": "^a*$"},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "'bbb' does not match '^a*$'")
+
+    def test_does_not_contain(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=[],
+            schema={"contains": {"type": "string"}},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "[] does not contain items matching the given schema",
+        )
+
+    def test_contains_too_few(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=["foo", 1],
+            schema={"contains": {"type": "string"}, "minContains": 2},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "Too few items match the given schema "
+            "(expected at least 2 but only 1 matched)",
+        )
+
+    def test_contains_too_few_both_constrained(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=["foo", 1],
+            schema={
+                "contains": {"type": "string"},
+                "minContains": 2,
+                "maxContains": 4,
+            },
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "Too few items match the given schema (expected at least 2 but "
+            "only 1 matched)",
+        )
+
+    def test_contains_too_many(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=["foo", "bar", "baz"],
+            schema={"contains": {"type": "string"}, "maxContains": 2},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "Too many items match the given schema (expected at most 2)",
+        )
+
+    def test_contains_too_many_both_constrained(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=["foo"] * 5,
+            schema={
+                "contains": {"type": "string"},
+                "minContains": 2,
+                "maxContains": 4,
+            },
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "Too many items match the given schema (expected at most 4)",
+        )
+
+    def test_exclusiveMinimum(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance=3,
+            schema={"exclusiveMinimum": 5},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "3 is less than or equal to the minimum of 5",
+        )
+
+    def test_exclusiveMaximum(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance=3, schema={"exclusiveMaximum": 2})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "3 is greater than or equal to the maximum of 2",
+        )
+
+    def test_required(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance={}, schema={"required": ["foo"]})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "'foo' is a required property")
+
+    def test_dependentRequired(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance={"foo": {}},
+            schema={"dependentRequired": {"foo": ["bar"]}},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(message, "'bar' is a dependency of 'foo'")
+
+    def test_minProperties(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance={}, schema={"minProperties": 2})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "{} does not have enough properties")
+
+    def test_maxProperties(self):
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance={"a": {}, "b": {}, "c": {}},
+            schema={"maxProperties": 2},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "{'a': {}, 'b': {}, 'c': {}} has too many properties",
+        )
+
+    def test_oneOf_matches_none(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance={}, schema={"oneOf": [False]})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "{} is not valid under any of the given schemas",
+        )
+
+    def test_oneOf_matches_too_many(self):
+        message = self.message_for(instance={}, schema={"oneOf": [True, True]})
+        self.assertEqual(message, "{} is valid under each of True, True")
+
+    def test_unevaluated_items(self):
+        schema = {"type": "array", "unevaluatedItems": False}
+        message = self.message_for(instance=["foo", "bar"], schema=schema)
+        self.assertIn(
+            message,
+            "Unevaluated items are not allowed ('foo', 'bar' were unexpected)",
+        )
+
+    def test_unevaluated_properties(self):
+        schema = {"type": "object", "unevaluatedProperties": False}
+        message = self.message_for(
+            instance={
+                "foo": "foo",
+                "bar": "bar",
+            },
+            schema=schema,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            message,
+            "Unevaluated properties are not allowed "
+            "('foo', 'bar' were unexpected)",
+        )
+
+
+class TestValidationErrorDetails(TestCase):
+    # TODO: These really need unit tests for each individual validator, rather
+    #       than just these higher level tests.
+    def test_anyOf(self):
+        instance = 5
+        schema = {
+            "anyOf": [
+                {"minimum": 20},
+                {"type": "string"},
+            ],
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft4Validator(schema)
+        errors = list(validator.iter_errors(instance))
+        self.assertEqual(len(errors), 1)
+        e = errors[0]
+
+        self.assertEqual(e.validator, "anyOf")
+        self.assertEqual(e.validator_value, schema["anyOf"])
+        self.assertEqual(e.instance, instance)
+        self.assertEqual(e.schema, schema)
+        self.assertIsNone(e.parent)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e.path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.relative_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.absolute_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.json_path, "$")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e.schema_path, deque(["anyOf"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.relative_schema_path, deque(["anyOf"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.absolute_schema_path, deque(["anyOf"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(e.context), 2)
+
+        e1, e2 = sorted_errors(e.context)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator, "minimum")
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator_value, schema["anyOf"][0]["minimum"])
+        self.assertEqual(e1.instance, instance)
+        self.assertEqual(e1.schema, schema["anyOf"][0])
+        self.assertIs(e1.parent, e)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e1.absolute_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e1.relative_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e1.json_path, "$")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.schema_path, deque([0, "minimum"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e1.relative_schema_path, deque([0, "minimum"]))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            e1.absolute_schema_path, deque(["anyOf", 0, "minimum"]),
+        )
+
+        self.assertFalse(e1.context)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator_value, schema["anyOf"][1]["type"])
+        self.assertEqual(e2.instance, instance)
+        self.assertEqual(e2.schema, schema["anyOf"][1])
+        self.assertIs(e2.parent, e)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e2.path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.relative_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.absolute_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.json_path, "$")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e2.schema_path, deque([1, "type"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.relative_schema_path, deque([1, "type"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.absolute_schema_path, deque(["anyOf", 1, "type"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(e2.context), 0)
+
+    def test_type(self):
+        instance = {"foo": 1}
+        schema = {
+            "type": [
+                {"type": "integer"},
+                {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "properties": {"foo": {"enum": [2]}},
+                },
+            ],
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft3Validator(schema)
+        errors = list(validator.iter_errors(instance))
+        self.assertEqual(len(errors), 1)
+        e = errors[0]
+
+        self.assertEqual(e.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e.validator_value, schema["type"])
+        self.assertEqual(e.instance, instance)
+        self.assertEqual(e.schema, schema)
+        self.assertIsNone(e.parent)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e.path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.relative_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.absolute_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.json_path, "$")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e.schema_path, deque(["type"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.relative_schema_path, deque(["type"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e.absolute_schema_path, deque(["type"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(e.context), 2)
+
+        e1, e2 = sorted_errors(e.context)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator_value, schema["type"][0]["type"])
+        self.assertEqual(e1.instance, instance)
+        self.assertEqual(e1.schema, schema["type"][0])
+        self.assertIs(e1.parent, e)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e1.relative_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e1.absolute_path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e1.json_path, "$")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.schema_path, deque([0, "type"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e1.relative_schema_path, deque([0, "type"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e1.absolute_schema_path, deque(["type", 0, "type"]))
+
+        self.assertFalse(e1.context)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator, "enum")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator_value, [2])
+        self.assertEqual(e2.instance, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(e2.schema, {"enum": [2]})
+        self.assertIs(e2.parent, e)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e2.path, deque(["foo"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.relative_path, deque(["foo"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.absolute_path, deque(["foo"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.json_path, "$.foo")
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            e2.schema_path, deque([1, "properties", "foo", "enum"]),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            e2.relative_schema_path, deque([1, "properties", "foo", "enum"]),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            e2.absolute_schema_path,
+            deque(["type", 1, "properties", "foo", "enum"]),
+        )
+
+        self.assertFalse(e2.context)
+
+    def test_single_nesting(self):
+        instance = {"foo": 2, "bar": [1], "baz": 15, "quux": "spam"}
+        schema = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {"type": "string"},
+                "bar": {"minItems": 2},
+                "baz": {"maximum": 10, "enum": [2, 4, 6, 8]},
+            },
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft3Validator(schema)
+        errors = validator.iter_errors(instance)
+        e1, e2, e3, e4 = sorted_errors(errors)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.path, deque(["bar"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.path, deque(["baz"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e3.path, deque(["baz"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e4.path, deque(["foo"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.relative_path, deque(["bar"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.relative_path, deque(["baz"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e3.relative_path, deque(["baz"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e4.relative_path, deque(["foo"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.absolute_path, deque(["bar"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.absolute_path, deque(["baz"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e3.absolute_path, deque(["baz"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e4.absolute_path, deque(["foo"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.json_path, "$.bar")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.json_path, "$.baz")
+        self.assertEqual(e3.json_path, "$.baz")
+        self.assertEqual(e4.json_path, "$.foo")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator, "minItems")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator, "enum")
+        self.assertEqual(e3.validator, "maximum")
+        self.assertEqual(e4.validator, "type")
+
+    def test_multiple_nesting(self):
+        instance = [1, {"foo": 2, "bar": {"baz": [1]}}, "quux"]
+        schema = {
+            "type": "string",
+            "items": {
+                "type": ["string", "object"],
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {"enum": [1, 3]},
+                    "bar": {
+                        "type": "array",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "bar": {"required": True},
+                            "baz": {"minItems": 2},
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft3Validator(schema)
+        errors = validator.iter_errors(instance)
+        e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6 = sorted_errors(errors)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.path, deque([0]))
+        self.assertEqual(e3.path, deque([1, "bar"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e4.path, deque([1, "bar", "bar"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e5.path, deque([1, "bar", "baz"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e6.path, deque([1, "foo"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.json_path, "$")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.json_path, "$[0]")
+        self.assertEqual(e3.json_path, "$[1].bar")
+        self.assertEqual(e4.json_path, "$[1].bar.bar")
+        self.assertEqual(e5.json_path, "$[1].bar.baz")
+        self.assertEqual(e6.json_path, "$[1].foo")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.schema_path, deque(["type"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.schema_path, deque(["items", "type"]))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            list(e3.schema_path), ["items", "properties", "bar", "type"],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            list(e4.schema_path),
+            ["items", "properties", "bar", "properties", "bar", "required"],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            list(e5.schema_path),
+            ["items", "properties", "bar", "properties", "baz", "minItems"],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            list(e6.schema_path), ["items", "properties", "foo", "enum"],
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e3.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e4.validator, "required")
+        self.assertEqual(e5.validator, "minItems")
+        self.assertEqual(e6.validator, "enum")
+
+    def test_recursive(self):
+        schema = {
+            "definitions": {
+                "node": {
+                    "anyOf": [{
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "required": ["name", "children"],
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {
+                                "type": "string",
+                            },
+                            "children": {
+                                "type": "object",
+                                "patternProperties": {
+                                    "^.*$": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/definitions/node",
+                                    },
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    }],
+                },
+            },
+            "type": "object",
+            "required": ["root"],
+            "properties": {"root": {"$ref": "#/definitions/node"}},
+        }
+
+        instance = {
+            "root": {
+                "name": "root",
+                "children": {
+                    "a": {
+                        "name": "a",
+                        "children": {
+                            "ab": {
+                                "name": "ab",
+                                # missing "children"
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        validator = validators.Draft4Validator(schema)
+
+        e, = validator.iter_errors(instance)
+        self.assertEqual(e.absolute_path, deque(["root"]))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            e.absolute_schema_path, deque(["properties", "root", "anyOf"]),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(e.json_path, "$.root")
+
+        e1, = e.context
+        self.assertEqual(e1.absolute_path, deque(["root", "children", "a"]))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            e1.absolute_schema_path, deque(
+                [
+                    "properties",
+                    "root",
+                    "anyOf",
+                    0,
+                    "properties",
+                    "children",
+                    "patternProperties",
+                    "^.*$",
+                    "anyOf",
+                ],
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(e1.json_path, "$.root.children.a")
+
+        e2, = e1.context
+        self.assertEqual(
+            e2.absolute_path, deque(
+                ["root", "children", "a", "children", "ab"],
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            e2.absolute_schema_path, deque(
+                [
+                    "properties",
+                    "root",
+                    "anyOf",
+                    0,
+                    "properties",
+                    "children",
+                    "patternProperties",
+                    "^.*$",
+                    "anyOf",
+                    0,
+                    "properties",
+                    "children",
+                    "patternProperties",
+                    "^.*$",
+                    "anyOf",
+                ],
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(e2.json_path, "$.root.children.a.children.ab")
+
+    def test_additionalProperties(self):
+        instance = {"bar": "bar", "foo": 2}
+        schema = {"additionalProperties": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 5}}
+
+        validator = validators.Draft3Validator(schema)
+        errors = validator.iter_errors(instance)
+        e1, e2 = sorted_errors(errors)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.path, deque(["bar"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.path, deque(["foo"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.json_path, "$.bar")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.json_path, "$.foo")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator, "minimum")
+
+    def test_patternProperties(self):
+        instance = {"bar": 1, "foo": 2}
+        schema = {
+            "patternProperties": {
+                "bar": {"type": "string"},
+                "foo": {"minimum": 5},
+            },
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft3Validator(schema)
+        errors = validator.iter_errors(instance)
+        e1, e2 = sorted_errors(errors)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.path, deque(["bar"]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.path, deque(["foo"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.json_path, "$.bar")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.json_path, "$.foo")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator, "minimum")
+
+    def test_additionalItems(self):
+        instance = ["foo", 1]
+        schema = {
+            "items": [],
+            "additionalItems": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 5},
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft3Validator(schema)
+        errors = validator.iter_errors(instance)
+        e1, e2 = sorted_errors(errors)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.path, deque([0]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.path, deque([1]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.json_path, "$[0]")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.json_path, "$[1]")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator, "minimum")
+
+    def test_additionalItems_with_items(self):
+        instance = ["foo", "bar", 1]
+        schema = {
+            "items": [{}],
+            "additionalItems": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 5},
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft3Validator(schema)
+        errors = validator.iter_errors(instance)
+        e1, e2 = sorted_errors(errors)
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.path, deque([1]))
+        self.assertEqual(e2.path, deque([2]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.json_path, "$[1]")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.json_path, "$[2]")
+
+        self.assertEqual(e1.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(e2.validator, "minimum")
+
+    def test_propertyNames(self):
+        instance = {"foo": 12}
+        schema = {"propertyNames": {"not": {"const": "foo"}}}
+
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator(schema)
+        error, = validator.iter_errors(instance)
+
+        self.assertEqual(error.validator, "not")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            error.message,
+            "'foo' should not be valid under {'const': 'foo'}",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(error.path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(error.json_path, "$")
+        self.assertEqual(error.schema_path, deque(["propertyNames", "not"]))
+
+    def test_if_then(self):
+        schema = {
+            "if": {"const": 12},
+            "then": {"const": 13},
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator(schema)
+        error, = validator.iter_errors(12)
+
+        self.assertEqual(error.validator, "const")
+        self.assertEqual(error.message, "13 was expected")
+        self.assertEqual(error.path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(error.json_path, "$")
+        self.assertEqual(error.schema_path, deque(["then", "const"]))
+
+    def test_if_else(self):
+        schema = {
+            "if": {"const": 12},
+            "else": {"const": 13},
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator(schema)
+        error, = validator.iter_errors(15)
+
+        self.assertEqual(error.validator, "const")
+        self.assertEqual(error.message, "13 was expected")
+        self.assertEqual(error.path, deque([]))
+        self.assertEqual(error.json_path, "$")
+        self.assertEqual(error.schema_path, deque(["else", "const"]))
+
+    def test_boolean_schema_False(self):
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator(False)
+        error, = validator.iter_errors(12)
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                error.message,
+                error.validator,
+                error.validator_value,
+                error.instance,
+                error.schema,
+                error.schema_path,
+                error.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "False schema does not allow 12",
+                None,
+                None,
+                12,
+                False,
+                deque([]),
+                "$",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_ref(self):
+        ref, schema = "someRef", {"additionalProperties": {"type": "integer"}}
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator(
+            {"$ref": ref},
+            resolver=validators.RefResolver("", {}, store={ref: schema}),
+        )
+        error, = validator.iter_errors({"foo": "notAnInteger"})
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                error.message,
+                error.validator,
+                error.validator_value,
+                error.instance,
+                error.absolute_path,
+                error.schema,
+                error.schema_path,
+                error.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "'notAnInteger' is not of type 'integer'",
+                "type",
+                "integer",
+                "notAnInteger",
+                deque(["foo"]),
+                {"type": "integer"},
+                deque(["additionalProperties", "type"]),
+                "$.foo",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_prefixItems(self):
+        schema = {"prefixItems": [{"type": "string"}, {}, {}, {"maximum": 3}]}
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator(schema)
+        type_error, min_error = validator.iter_errors([1, 2, "foo", 5])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                type_error.message,
+                type_error.validator,
+                type_error.validator_value,
+                type_error.instance,
+                type_error.absolute_path,
+                type_error.schema,
+                type_error.schema_path,
+                type_error.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "1 is not of type 'string'",
+                "type",
+                "string",
+                1,
+                deque([0]),
+                {"type": "string"},
+                deque(["prefixItems", 0, "type"]),
+                "$[0]",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                min_error.message,
+                min_error.validator,
+                min_error.validator_value,
+                min_error.instance,
+                min_error.absolute_path,
+                min_error.schema,
+                min_error.schema_path,
+                min_error.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "5 is greater than the maximum of 3",
+                "maximum",
+                3,
+                5,
+                deque([3]),
+                {"maximum": 3},
+                deque(["prefixItems", 3, "maximum"]),
+                "$[3]",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_prefixItems_with_items(self):
+        schema = {
+            "items": {"type": "string"},
+            "prefixItems": [{}],
+        }
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator(schema)
+        e1, e2 = validator.iter_errors(["foo", 2, "bar", 4, "baz"])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                e1.message,
+                e1.validator,
+                e1.validator_value,
+                e1.instance,
+                e1.absolute_path,
+                e1.schema,
+                e1.schema_path,
+                e1.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "2 is not of type 'string'",
+                "type",
+                "string",
+                2,
+                deque([1]),
+                {"type": "string"},
+                deque(["items", "type"]),
+                "$[1]",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                e2.message,
+                e2.validator,
+                e2.validator_value,
+                e2.instance,
+                e2.absolute_path,
+                e2.schema,
+                e2.schema_path,
+                e2.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "4 is not of type 'string'",
+                "type",
+                "string",
+                4,
+                deque([3]),
+                {"type": "string"},
+                deque(["items", "type"]),
+                "$[3]",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_contains_too_many(self):
+        """
+        `contains` + `maxContains` produces only one error, even if there are
+        many more incorrectly matching elements.
+        """
+        schema = {"contains": {"type": "string"}, "maxContains": 2}
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator(schema)
+        error, = validator.iter_errors(["foo", 2, "bar", 4, "baz", "quux"])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                error.message,
+                error.validator,
+                error.validator_value,
+                error.instance,
+                error.absolute_path,
+                error.schema,
+                error.schema_path,
+                error.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "Too many items match the given schema (expected at most 2)",
+                "maxContains",
+                2,
+                ["foo", 2, "bar", 4, "baz", "quux"],
+                deque([]),
+                {"contains": {"type": "string"}, "maxContains": 2},
+                deque(["contains"]),
+                "$",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_contains_too_few(self):
+        schema = {"contains": {"type": "string"}, "minContains": 2}
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator(schema)
+        error, = validator.iter_errors(["foo", 2, 4])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                error.message,
+                error.validator,
+                error.validator_value,
+                error.instance,
+                error.absolute_path,
+                error.schema,
+                error.schema_path,
+                error.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                (
+                    "Too few items match the given schema "
+                    "(expected at least 2 but only 1 matched)"
+                ),
+                "minContains",
+                2,
+                ["foo", 2, 4],
+                deque([]),
+                {"contains": {"type": "string"}, "minContains": 2},
+                deque(["contains"]),
+                "$",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_contains_none(self):
+        schema = {"contains": {"type": "string"}, "minContains": 2}
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator(schema)
+        error, = validator.iter_errors([2, 4])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                error.message,
+                error.validator,
+                error.validator_value,
+                error.instance,
+                error.absolute_path,
+                error.schema,
+                error.schema_path,
+                error.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "[2, 4] does not contain items matching the given schema",
+                "contains",
+                {"type": "string"},
+                [2, 4],
+                deque([]),
+                {"contains": {"type": "string"}, "minContains": 2},
+                deque(["contains"]),
+                "$",
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_ref_sibling(self):
+        schema = {
+            "$defs": {"foo": {"required": ["bar"]}},
+            "properties": {
+                "aprop": {
+                    "$ref": "#/$defs/foo",
+                    "required": ["baz"],
+                },
+            },
+        }
+
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator(schema)
+        e1, e2 = validator.iter_errors({"aprop": {}})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                e1.message,
+                e1.validator,
+                e1.validator_value,
+                e1.instance,
+                e1.absolute_path,
+                e1.schema,
+                e1.schema_path,
+                e1.relative_schema_path,
+                e1.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "'bar' is a required property",
+                "required",
+                ["bar"],
+                {},
+                deque(["aprop"]),
+                {"required": ["bar"]},
+                deque(["properties", "aprop", "required"]),
+                deque(["properties", "aprop", "required"]),
+                "$.aprop",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                e2.message,
+                e2.validator,
+                e2.validator_value,
+                e2.instance,
+                e2.absolute_path,
+                e2.schema,
+                e2.schema_path,
+                e2.relative_schema_path,
+                e2.json_path,
+            ),
+            (
+                "'baz' is a required property",
+                "required",
+                ["baz"],
+                {},
+                deque(["aprop"]),
+                {"$ref": "#/$defs/foo", "required": ["baz"]},
+                deque(["properties", "aprop", "required"]),
+                deque(["properties", "aprop", "required"]),
+                "$.aprop",
+            ),
+        )
+
+
+class MetaSchemaTestsMixin(object):
+    # TODO: These all belong upstream
+    def test_invalid_properties(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.SchemaError):
+            self.Validator.check_schema({"properties": {"test": object()}})
+
+    def test_minItems_invalid_string(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.SchemaError):
+            # needs to be an integer
+            self.Validator.check_schema({"minItems": "1"})
+
+    def test_enum_allows_empty_arrays(self):
+        """
+        Technically, all the spec says is they SHOULD have elements, not MUST.
+
+        See https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/issues/529.
+        """
+        self.Validator.check_schema({"enum": []})
+
+    def test_enum_allows_non_unique_items(self):
+        """
+        Technically, all the spec says is they SHOULD be unique, not MUST.
+
+        See https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/issues/529.
+        """
+        self.Validator.check_schema({"enum": [12, 12]})
+
+
+class ValidatorTestMixin(MetaSchemaTestsMixin, object):
+    def test_it_implements_the_validator_protocol(self):
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.Validator({}), protocols.Validator)
+
+    def test_valid_instances_are_valid(self):
+        schema, instance = self.valid
+        self.assertTrue(self.Validator(schema).is_valid(instance))
+
+    def test_invalid_instances_are_not_valid(self):
+        schema, instance = self.invalid
+        self.assertFalse(self.Validator(schema).is_valid(instance))
+
+    def test_non_existent_properties_are_ignored(self):
+        self.Validator({object(): object()}).validate(instance=object())
+
+    def test_it_creates_a_ref_resolver_if_not_provided(self):
+        self.assertIsInstance(
+            self.Validator({}).resolver,
+            validators.RefResolver,
+        )
+
+    def test_it_delegates_to_a_ref_resolver(self):
+        ref, schema = "someCoolRef", {"type": "integer"}
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver("", {}, store={ref: schema})
+        validator = self.Validator({"$ref": ref}, resolver=resolver)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(None)
+
+    def test_it_delegates_to_a_legacy_ref_resolver(self):
+        """
+        Legacy RefResolvers support only the context manager form of
+        resolution.
+        """
+
+        class LegacyRefResolver(object):
+            @contextmanager
+            def resolving(this, ref):
+                self.assertEqual(ref, "the ref")
+                yield {"type": "integer"}
+
+        resolver = LegacyRefResolver()
+        schema = {"$ref": "the ref"}
+
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.ValidationError):
+            self.Validator(schema, resolver=resolver).validate(None)
+
+    def test_is_type_is_true_for_valid_type(self):
+        self.assertTrue(self.Validator({}).is_type("foo", "string"))
+
+    def test_is_type_is_false_for_invalid_type(self):
+        self.assertFalse(self.Validator({}).is_type("foo", "array"))
+
+    def test_is_type_evades_bool_inheriting_from_int(self):
+        self.assertFalse(self.Validator({}).is_type(True, "integer"))
+        self.assertFalse(self.Validator({}).is_type(True, "number"))
+
+    def test_it_can_validate_with_decimals(self):
+        schema = {"items": {"type": "number"}}
+        Validator = validators.extend(
+            self.Validator,
+            type_checker=self.Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+                "number",
+                lambda checker, thing: isinstance(
+                    thing, (int, float, Decimal),
+                ) and not isinstance(thing, bool),
+            ),
+        )
+
+        validator = Validator(schema)
+        validator.validate([1, 1.1, Decimal(1) / Decimal(8)])
+
+        invalid = ["foo", {}, [], True, None]
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [error.instance for error in validator.iter_errors(invalid)],
+            invalid,
+        )
+
+    def test_it_returns_true_for_formats_it_does_not_know_about(self):
+        validator = self.Validator(
+            {"format": "carrot"}, format_checker=FormatChecker(),
+        )
+        validator.validate("bugs")
+
+    def test_it_does_not_validate_formats_by_default(self):
+        validator = self.Validator({})
+        self.assertIsNone(validator.format_checker)
+
+    def test_it_validates_formats_if_a_checker_is_provided(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        bad = ValueError("Bad!")
+
+        @checker.checks("foo", raises=ValueError)
+        def check(value):
+            if value == "good":
+                return True
+            elif value == "bad":
+                raise bad
+            else:  # pragma: no cover
+                self.fail("What is {}? [Baby Don't Hurt Me]".format(value))
+
+        validator = self.Validator(
+            {"format": "foo"}, format_checker=checker,
+        )
+
+        validator.validate("good")
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.ValidationError) as cm:
+            validator.validate("bad")
+
+        # Make sure original cause is attached
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.cause, bad)
+
+    def test_non_string_custom_type(self):
+        non_string_type = object()
+        schema = {"type": [non_string_type]}
+        Crazy = validators.extend(
+            self.Validator,
+            type_checker=self.Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+                non_string_type,
+                lambda checker, thing: isinstance(thing, int),
+            ),
+        )
+        Crazy(schema).validate(15)
+
+    def test_it_properly_formats_tuples_in_errors(self):
+        """
+        A tuple instance properly formats validation errors for uniqueItems.
+
+        See https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/pull/224
+        """
+        TupleValidator = validators.extend(
+            self.Validator,
+            type_checker=self.Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+                "array",
+                lambda checker, thing: isinstance(thing, tuple),
+            ),
+        )
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.ValidationError) as e:
+            TupleValidator({"uniqueItems": True}).validate((1, 1))
+        self.assertIn("(1, 1) has non-unique elements", str(e.exception))
+
+    def test_check_redefined_sequence(self):
+        """
+        Allow array to validate against another defined sequence type
+        """
+        schema = {"type": "array", "uniqueItems": True}
+        MyMapping = namedtuple("MyMapping", "a, b")
+        Validator = validators.extend(
+            self.Validator,
+            type_checker=self.Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine_many(
+                {
+                    "array": lambda checker, thing: isinstance(
+                        thing, (list, deque),
+                    ),
+                    "object": lambda checker, thing: isinstance(
+                        thing, (dict, MyMapping),
+                    ),
+                },
+            ),
+        )
+        validator = Validator(schema)
+
+        valid_instances = [
+            deque(["a", None, "1", "", True]),
+            deque([[False], [0]]),
+            [deque([False]), deque([0])],
+            [[deque([False])], [deque([0])]],
+            [[[[[deque([False])]]]], [[[[deque([0])]]]]],
+            [deque([deque([False])]), deque([deque([0])])],
+            [MyMapping("a", 0), MyMapping("a", False)],
+            [
+                MyMapping("a", [deque([0])]),
+                MyMapping("a", [deque([False])]),
+            ],
+            [
+                MyMapping("a", [MyMapping("a", deque([0]))]),
+                MyMapping("a", [MyMapping("a", deque([False]))]),
+            ],
+            [deque(deque(deque([False]))), deque(deque(deque([0])))],
+        ]
+
+        for instance in valid_instances:
+            validator.validate(instance)
+
+        invalid_instances = [
+            deque(["a", "b", "a"]),
+            deque([[False], [False]]),
+            [deque([False]), deque([False])],
+            [[deque([False])], [deque([False])]],
+            [[[[[deque([False])]]]], [[[[deque([False])]]]]],
+            [deque([deque([False])]), deque([deque([False])])],
+            [MyMapping("a", False), MyMapping("a", False)],
+            [
+                MyMapping("a", [deque([False])]),
+                MyMapping("a", [deque([False])]),
+            ],
+            [
+                MyMapping("a", [MyMapping("a", deque([False]))]),
+                MyMapping("a", [MyMapping("a", deque([False]))]),
+            ],
+            [deque(deque(deque([False]))), deque(deque(deque([False])))],
+        ]
+
+        for instance in invalid_instances:
+            with self.assertRaises(exceptions.ValidationError):
+                validator.validate(instance)
+
+
+class AntiDraft6LeakMixin(object):
+    """
+    Make sure functionality from draft 6 doesn't leak backwards in time.
+    """
+
+    def test_True_is_not_a_schema(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.SchemaError) as e:
+            self.Validator.check_schema(True)
+        self.assertIn("True is not of type", str(e.exception))
+
+    def test_False_is_not_a_schema(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.SchemaError) as e:
+            self.Validator.check_schema(False)
+        self.assertIn("False is not of type", str(e.exception))
+
+    @unittest.skip(bug(523))
+    def test_True_is_not_a_schema_even_if_you_forget_to_check(self):
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver("", {})
+        with self.assertRaises(Exception) as e:
+            self.Validator(True, resolver=resolver).validate(12)
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(e.exception, exceptions.ValidationError)
+
+    @unittest.skip(bug(523))
+    def test_False_is_not_a_schema_even_if_you_forget_to_check(self):
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver("", {})
+        with self.assertRaises(Exception) as e:
+            self.Validator(False, resolver=resolver).validate(12)
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(e.exception, exceptions.ValidationError)
+
+
+class TestDraft3Validator(AntiDraft6LeakMixin, ValidatorTestMixin, TestCase):
+    Validator = validators.Draft3Validator
+    valid: tuple[dict, dict] = ({}, {})
+    invalid = {"type": "integer"}, "foo"
+
+    def test_any_type_is_valid_for_type_any(self):
+        validator = self.Validator({"type": "any"})
+        validator.validate(object())
+
+    def test_any_type_is_redefinable(self):
+        """
+        Sigh, because why not.
+        """
+        Crazy = validators.extend(
+            self.Validator,
+            type_checker=self.Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+                "any", lambda checker, thing: isinstance(thing, int),
+            ),
+        )
+        validator = Crazy({"type": "any"})
+        validator.validate(12)
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.ValidationError):
+            validator.validate("foo")
+
+    def test_is_type_is_true_for_any_type(self):
+        self.assertTrue(self.Validator({"type": "any"}).is_valid(object()))
+
+    def test_is_type_does_not_evade_bool_if_it_is_being_tested(self):
+        self.assertTrue(self.Validator({}).is_type(True, "boolean"))
+        self.assertTrue(self.Validator({"type": "any"}).is_valid(True))
+
+
+class TestDraft4Validator(AntiDraft6LeakMixin, ValidatorTestMixin, TestCase):
+    Validator = validators.Draft4Validator
+    valid: tuple[dict, dict] = ({}, {})
+    invalid = {"type": "integer"}, "foo"
+
+
+class TestDraft6Validator(ValidatorTestMixin, TestCase):
+    Validator = validators.Draft6Validator
+    valid: tuple[dict, dict] = ({}, {})
+    invalid = {"type": "integer"}, "foo"
+
+
+class TestDraft7Validator(ValidatorTestMixin, TestCase):
+    Validator = validators.Draft7Validator
+    valid: tuple[dict, dict] = ({}, {})
+    invalid = {"type": "integer"}, "foo"
+
+
+class TestDraft201909Validator(ValidatorTestMixin, TestCase):
+    Validator = validators.Draft201909Validator
+    valid: tuple[dict, dict] = ({}, {})
+    invalid = {"type": "integer"}, "foo"
+
+
+class TestDraft202012Validator(ValidatorTestMixin, TestCase):
+    Validator = validators.Draft202012Validator
+    valid: tuple[dict, dict] = ({}, {})
+    invalid = {"type": "integer"}, "foo"
+
+
+class TestValidatorFor(TestCase):
+    def test_draft_3(self):
+        schema = {"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-03/schema"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+
+        schema = {"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-03/schema#"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft_4(self):
+        schema = {"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft4Validator,
+        )
+
+        schema = {"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft4Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft_6(self):
+        schema = {"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft6Validator,
+        )
+
+        schema = {"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema#"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft6Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft_7(self):
+        schema = {"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft7Validator,
+        )
+
+        schema = {"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft7Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft_201909(self):
+        schema = {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft201909Validator,
+        )
+
+        schema = {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema#"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft201909Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft_202012(self):
+        schema = {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft202012Validator,
+        )
+
+        schema = {"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema#"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            validators.Draft202012Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_True(self):
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(True),
+            validators._LATEST_VERSION,
+        )
+
+    def test_False(self):
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(False),
+            validators._LATEST_VERSION,
+        )
+
+    def test_custom_validator(self):
+        Validator = validators.create(
+            meta_schema={"id": "meta schema id"},
+            version="12",
+            id_of=lambda s: s.get("id", ""),
+        )
+        schema = {"$schema": "meta schema id"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_custom_validator_draft6(self):
+        Validator = validators.create(
+            meta_schema={"$id": "meta schema $id"},
+            version="13",
+        )
+        schema = {"$schema": "meta schema $id"}
+        self.assertIs(
+            validators.validator_for(schema),
+            Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_validator_for_jsonschema_default(self):
+        self.assertIs(validators.validator_for({}), validators._LATEST_VERSION)
+
+    def test_validator_for_custom_default(self):
+        self.assertIs(validators.validator_for({}, default=None), None)
+
+    def test_warns_if_meta_schema_specified_was_not_found(self):
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
+            validators.validator_for(schema={"$schema": "unknownSchema"})
+
+        self.assertEqual(cm.filename, __file__)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            str(cm.warning),
+            "The metaschema specified by $schema was not found. "
+            "Using the latest draft to validate, but this will raise "
+            "an error in the future.",
+        )
+
+    def test_does_not_warn_if_meta_schema_is_unspecified(self):
+        with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
+            warnings.simplefilter("always")
+            validators.validator_for(schema={}, default={})
+        self.assertFalse(w)
+
+
+class TestValidate(TestCase):
+    def assertUses(self, schema, Validator):
+        result = []
+        with mock.patch.object(Validator, "check_schema", result.append):
+            validators.validate({}, schema)
+        self.assertEqual(result, [schema])
+
+    def test_draft3_validator_is_chosen(self):
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-03/schema#"},
+            Validator=validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+        # Make sure it works without the empty fragment
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-03/schema"},
+            Validator=validators.Draft3Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft4_validator_is_chosen(self):
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#"},
+            Validator=validators.Draft4Validator,
+        )
+        # Make sure it works without the empty fragment
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema"},
+            Validator=validators.Draft4Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft6_validator_is_chosen(self):
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema#"},
+            Validator=validators.Draft6Validator,
+        )
+        # Make sure it works without the empty fragment
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema"},
+            Validator=validators.Draft6Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft7_validator_is_chosen(self):
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#"},
+            Validator=validators.Draft7Validator,
+        )
+        # Make sure it works without the empty fragment
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema"},
+            Validator=validators.Draft7Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft202012_validator_is_chosen(self):
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={
+                "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema#",
+            },
+            Validator=validators.Draft202012Validator,
+        )
+        # Make sure it works without the empty fragment
+        self.assertUses(
+            schema={
+                "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+            },
+            Validator=validators.Draft202012Validator,
+        )
+
+    def test_draft202012_validator_is_the_default(self):
+        self.assertUses(schema={}, Validator=validators.Draft202012Validator)
+
+    def test_validation_error_message(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.ValidationError) as e:
+            validators.validate(12, {"type": "string"})
+        self.assertRegex(
+            str(e.exception),
+            "(?s)Failed validating '.*' in schema.*On instance",
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_error_message(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.SchemaError) as e:
+            validators.validate(12, {"type": 12})
+        self.assertRegex(
+            str(e.exception),
+            "(?s)Failed validating '.*' in metaschema.*On schema",
+        )
+
+    def test_it_uses_best_match(self):
+        # This is a schema that best_match will recurse into
+        schema = {"oneOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "array"}]}
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.ValidationError) as e:
+            validators.validate(12, schema)
+        self.assertIn("12 is not of type", str(e.exception))
+
+
+class TestRefResolver(TestCase):
+
+    base_uri = ""
+    stored_uri = "foo://stored"
+    stored_schema = {"stored": "schema"}
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.referrer = {}
+        self.store = {self.stored_uri: self.stored_schema}
+        self.resolver = validators.RefResolver(
+            self.base_uri, self.referrer, self.store,
+        )
+
+    def test_it_does_not_retrieve_schema_urls_from_the_network(self):
+        ref = validators.Draft3Validator.META_SCHEMA["id"]
+        with mock.patch.object(self.resolver, "resolve_remote") as patched:
+            with self.resolver.resolving(ref) as resolved:
+                pass
+        self.assertEqual(resolved, validators.Draft3Validator.META_SCHEMA)
+        self.assertFalse(patched.called)
+
+    def test_it_resolves_local_refs(self):
+        ref = "#/properties/foo"
+        self.referrer["properties"] = {"foo": object()}
+        with self.resolver.resolving(ref) as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, self.referrer["properties"]["foo"])
+
+    def test_it_resolves_local_refs_with_id(self):
+        schema = {"id": "http://bar/schema#", "a": {"foo": "bar"}}
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver.from_schema(
+            schema,
+            id_of=lambda schema: schema.get("id", ""),
+        )
+        with resolver.resolving("#/a") as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, schema["a"])
+        with resolver.resolving("http://bar/schema#/a") as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, schema["a"])
+
+    def test_it_retrieves_stored_refs(self):
+        with self.resolver.resolving(self.stored_uri) as resolved:
+            self.assertIs(resolved, self.stored_schema)
+
+        self.resolver.store["cached_ref"] = {"foo": 12}
+        with self.resolver.resolving("cached_ref#/foo") as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, 12)
+
+    def test_it_retrieves_unstored_refs_via_requests(self):
+        ref = "http://bar#baz"
+        schema = {"baz": 12}
+
+        if "requests" in sys.modules:
+            self.addCleanup(
+                sys.modules.__setitem__, "requests", sys.modules["requests"],
+            )
+        sys.modules["requests"] = ReallyFakeRequests({"http://bar": schema})
+
+        with self.resolver.resolving(ref) as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, 12)
+
+    def test_it_retrieves_unstored_refs_via_urlopen(self):
+        ref = "http://bar#baz"
+        schema = {"baz": 12}
+
+        if "requests" in sys.modules:
+            self.addCleanup(
+                sys.modules.__setitem__, "requests", sys.modules["requests"],
+            )
+        sys.modules["requests"] = None
+
+        @contextmanager
+        def fake_urlopen(url):
+            self.assertEqual(url, "http://bar")
+            yield BytesIO(json.dumps(schema).encode("utf8"))
+
+        self.addCleanup(setattr, validators, "urlopen", validators.urlopen)
+        validators.urlopen = fake_urlopen
+
+        with self.resolver.resolving(ref) as resolved:
+            pass
+        self.assertEqual(resolved, 12)
+
+    def test_it_retrieves_local_refs_via_urlopen(self):
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False, mode="wt") as tempf:
+            self.addCleanup(os.remove, tempf.name)
+            json.dump({"foo": "bar"}, tempf)
+
+        ref = "file://{}#foo".format(pathname2url(tempf.name))
+        with self.resolver.resolving(ref) as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, "bar")
+
+    def test_it_can_construct_a_base_uri_from_a_schema(self):
+        schema = {"id": "foo"}
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver.from_schema(
+            schema,
+            id_of=lambda schema: schema.get("id", ""),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(resolver.base_uri, "foo")
+        self.assertEqual(resolver.resolution_scope, "foo")
+        with resolver.resolving("") as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, schema)
+        with resolver.resolving("#") as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, schema)
+        with resolver.resolving("foo") as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, schema)
+        with resolver.resolving("foo#") as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, schema)
+
+    def test_it_can_construct_a_base_uri_from_a_schema_without_id(self):
+        schema = {}
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver.from_schema(schema)
+        self.assertEqual(resolver.base_uri, "")
+        self.assertEqual(resolver.resolution_scope, "")
+        with resolver.resolving("") as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, schema)
+        with resolver.resolving("#") as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, schema)
+
+    def test_custom_uri_scheme_handlers(self):
+        def handler(url):
+            self.assertEqual(url, ref)
+            return schema
+
+        schema = {"foo": "bar"}
+        ref = "foo://bar"
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver("", {}, handlers={"foo": handler})
+        with resolver.resolving(ref) as resolved:
+            self.assertEqual(resolved, schema)
+
+    def test_cache_remote_on(self):
+        response = [object()]
+
+        def handler(url):
+            try:
+                return response.pop()
+            except IndexError:  # pragma: no cover
+                self.fail("Response must not have been cached!")
+
+        ref = "foo://bar"
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver(
+            "", {}, cache_remote=True, handlers={"foo": handler},
+        )
+        with resolver.resolving(ref):
+            pass
+        with resolver.resolving(ref):
+            pass
+
+    def test_cache_remote_off(self):
+        response = [object()]
+
+        def handler(url):
+            try:
+                return response.pop()
+            except IndexError:  # pragma: no cover
+                self.fail("Handler called twice!")
+
+        ref = "foo://bar"
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver(
+            "", {}, cache_remote=False, handlers={"foo": handler},
+        )
+        with resolver.resolving(ref):
+            pass
+
+    def test_if_you_give_it_junk_you_get_a_resolution_error(self):
+        error = ValueError("Oh no! What's this?")
+
+        def handler(url):
+            raise error
+
+        ref = "foo://bar"
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver("", {}, handlers={"foo": handler})
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.RefResolutionError) as err:
+            with resolver.resolving(ref):
+                self.fail("Shouldn't get this far!")  # pragma: no cover
+        self.assertEqual(err.exception, exceptions.RefResolutionError(error))
+
+    def test_helpful_error_message_on_failed_pop_scope(self):
+        resolver = validators.RefResolver("", {})
+        resolver.pop_scope()
+        with self.assertRaises(exceptions.RefResolutionError) as exc:
+            resolver.pop_scope()
+        self.assertIn("Failed to pop the scope", str(exc.exception))
+
+
+def sorted_errors(errors):
+    def key(error):
+        return (
+            [str(e) for e in error.path],
+            [str(e) for e in error.schema_path],
+        )
+    return sorted(errors, key=key)
+
+
+@attr.s
+class ReallyFakeRequests(object):
+
+    _responses = attr.ib()
+
+    def get(self, url):
+        response = self._responses.get(url)
+        if url is None:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise ValueError("Unknown URL: " + repr(url))
+        return _ReallyFakeJSONResponse(json.dumps(response))
+
+
+@attr.s
+class _ReallyFakeJSONResponse(object):
+
+    _response = attr.ib()
+
+    def json(self):
+        return json.loads(self._response)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a689e51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1058 @@
+"""
+Creation and extension of validators, with implementations for existing drafts.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections import deque
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from functools import lru_cache
+from urllib.parse import unquote, urldefrag, urljoin, urlsplit
+from urllib.request import urlopen
+from warnings import warn
+import contextlib
+import json
+import reprlib
+import typing
+import warnings
+
+import attr
+
+from jsonschema import (
+    _legacy_validators,
+    _types,
+    _utils,
+    _validators,
+    exceptions,
+)
+
+_VALIDATORS: dict[str, typing.Any] = {}
+_META_SCHEMAS = _utils.URIDict()
+_VOCABULARIES: list[tuple[str, typing.Any]] = []
+
+
+def __getattr__(name):
+    if name == "ErrorTree":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Importing ErrorTree from jsonschema.validators is deprecated. "
+            "Instead import it from jsonschema.exceptions.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        from jsonschema.exceptions import ErrorTree
+        return ErrorTree
+    elif name == "validators":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Accessing jsonschema.validators.validators is deprecated. "
+            "Use jsonschema.validators.validator_for with a given schema.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return _VALIDATORS
+    elif name == "meta_schemas":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Accessing jsonschema.validators.meta_schemas is deprecated. "
+            "Use jsonschema.validators.validator_for with a given schema.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return _META_SCHEMAS
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__} has no attribute {name}")
+
+
+def validates(version):
+    """
+    Register the decorated validator for a ``version`` of the specification.
+
+    Registered validators and their meta schemas will be considered when
+    parsing ``$schema`` properties' URIs.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        version (str):
+
+            An identifier to use as the version's name
+
+    Returns:
+
+        collections.abc.Callable:
+
+            a class decorator to decorate the validator with the version
+    """
+
+    def _validates(cls):
+        _VALIDATORS[version] = cls
+        meta_schema_id = cls.ID_OF(cls.META_SCHEMA)
+        _META_SCHEMAS[meta_schema_id] = cls
+        return cls
+    return _validates
+
+
+def _id_of(schema):
+    """
+    Return the ID of a schema for recent JSON Schema drafts.
+    """
+    if schema is True or schema is False:
+        return ""
+    return schema.get("$id", "")
+
+
+def _store_schema_list():
+    if not _VOCABULARIES:
+        _VOCABULARIES.extend(_utils.load_schema("vocabularies").items())
+    return [
+        (id, validator.META_SCHEMA) for id, validator in _META_SCHEMAS.items()
+    ] + _VOCABULARIES
+
+
+def create(
+    meta_schema,
+    validators=(),
+    version=None,
+    type_checker=_types.draft7_type_checker,
+    id_of=_id_of,
+    applicable_validators=lambda schema: schema.items(),
+):
+    """
+    Create a new validator class.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        meta_schema (collections.abc.Mapping):
+
+            the meta schema for the new validator class
+
+        validators (collections.abc.Mapping):
+
+            a mapping from names to callables, where each callable will
+            validate the schema property with the given name.
+
+            Each callable should take 4 arguments:
+
+                1. a validator instance,
+                2. the value of the property being validated within the
+                   instance
+                3. the instance
+                4. the schema
+
+        version (str):
+
+            an identifier for the version that this validator class will
+            validate. If provided, the returned validator class will
+            have its ``__name__`` set to include the version, and also
+            will have `jsonschema.validators.validates` automatically
+            called for the given version.
+
+        type_checker (jsonschema.TypeChecker):
+
+            a type checker, used when applying the :validator:`type` validator.
+
+            If unprovided, a `jsonschema.TypeChecker` will be created
+            with a set of default types typical of JSON Schema drafts.
+
+        id_of (collections.abc.Callable):
+
+            A function that given a schema, returns its ID.
+
+        applicable_validators (collections.abc.Callable):
+
+            A function that given a schema, returns the list of applicable
+            validators (names and callables) which will be called to
+            validate the instance.
+
+    Returns:
+
+        a new `jsonschema.protocols.Validator` class
+    """
+
+    @attr.s
+    class Validator:
+
+        VALIDATORS = dict(validators)
+        META_SCHEMA = dict(meta_schema)
+        TYPE_CHECKER = type_checker
+        ID_OF = staticmethod(id_of)
+
+        schema = attr.ib(repr=reprlib.repr)
+        resolver = attr.ib(default=None, repr=False)
+        format_checker = attr.ib(default=None)
+        evolve = attr.evolve
+
+        def __attrs_post_init__(self):
+            if self.resolver is None:
+                self.resolver = RefResolver.from_schema(
+                    self.schema,
+                    id_of=id_of,
+                )
+
+        @classmethod
+        def check_schema(cls, schema):
+            for error in cls(cls.META_SCHEMA).iter_errors(schema):
+                raise exceptions.SchemaError.create_from(error)
+
+        def iter_errors(self, instance, _schema=None):
+            if _schema is not None:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    (
+                        "Passing a schema to Validator.iter_errors "
+                        "is deprecated and will be removed in a future "
+                        "release. Call validator.evolve(schema=new_schema)."
+                        "iter_errors(...) instead."
+                    ),
+                    DeprecationWarning,
+                    stacklevel=2,
+                )
+            else:
+                _schema = self.schema
+
+            if _schema is True:
+                return
+            elif _schema is False:
+                yield exceptions.ValidationError(
+                    f"False schema does not allow {instance!r}",
+                    validator=None,
+                    validator_value=None,
+                    instance=instance,
+                    schema=_schema,
+                )
+                return
+
+            scope = id_of(_schema)
+            if scope:
+                self.resolver.push_scope(scope)
+            try:
+                for k, v in applicable_validators(_schema):
+                    validator = self.VALIDATORS.get(k)
+                    if validator is None:
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = validator(self, v, instance, _schema) or ()
+                    for error in errors:
+                        # set details if not already set by the called fn
+                        error._set(
+                            validator=k,
+                            validator_value=v,
+                            instance=instance,
+                            schema=_schema,
+                        )
+                        if k not in {"if", "$ref"}:
+                            error.schema_path.appendleft(k)
+                        yield error
+            finally:
+                if scope:
+                    self.resolver.pop_scope()
+
+        def descend(self, instance, schema, path=None, schema_path=None):
+            for error in self.evolve(schema=schema).iter_errors(instance):
+                if path is not None:
+                    error.path.appendleft(path)
+                if schema_path is not None:
+                    error.schema_path.appendleft(schema_path)
+                yield error
+
+        def validate(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            for error in self.iter_errors(*args, **kwargs):
+                raise error
+
+        def is_type(self, instance, type):
+            try:
+                return self.TYPE_CHECKER.is_type(instance, type)
+            except exceptions.UndefinedTypeCheck:
+                raise exceptions.UnknownType(type, instance, self.schema)
+
+        def is_valid(self, instance, _schema=None):
+            if _schema is not None:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    (
+                        "Passing a schema to Validator.is_valid is deprecated "
+                        "and will be removed in a future release. Call "
+                        "validator.evolve(schema=new_schema).is_valid(...) "
+                        "instead."
+                    ),
+                    DeprecationWarning,
+                    stacklevel=2,
+                )
+                self = self.evolve(schema=_schema)
+
+            error = next(self.iter_errors(instance), None)
+            return error is None
+
+    if version is not None:
+        safe = version.title().replace(" ", "").replace("-", "")
+        Validator.__name__ = Validator.__qualname__ = f"{safe}Validator"
+        Validator = validates(version)(Validator)
+
+    return Validator
+
+
+def extend(validator, validators=(), version=None, type_checker=None):
+    """
+    Create a new validator class by extending an existing one.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        validator (jsonschema.protocols.Validator):
+
+            an existing validator class
+
+        validators (collections.abc.Mapping):
+
+            a mapping of new validator callables to extend with, whose
+            structure is as in `create`.
+
+            .. note::
+
+                Any validator callables with the same name as an
+                existing one will (silently) replace the old validator
+                callable entirely, effectively overriding any validation
+                done in the "parent" validator class.
+
+                If you wish to instead extend the behavior of a parent's
+                validator callable, delegate and call it directly in
+                the new validator function by retrieving it using
+                ``OldValidator.VALIDATORS["validator_name"]``.
+
+        version (str):
+
+            a version for the new validator class
+
+        type_checker (jsonschema.TypeChecker):
+
+            a type checker, used when applying the :validator:`type` validator.
+
+            If unprovided, the type checker of the extended
+            `jsonschema.protocols.Validator` will be carried along.
+
+    Returns:
+
+        a new `jsonschema.protocols.Validator` class extending the one
+        provided
+
+    .. note:: Meta Schemas
+
+        The new validator class will have its parent's meta schema.
+
+        If you wish to change or extend the meta schema in the new
+        validator class, modify ``META_SCHEMA`` directly on the returned
+        class. Note that no implicit copying is done, so a copy should
+        likely be made before modifying it, in order to not affect the
+        old validator.
+    """
+
+    all_validators = dict(validator.VALIDATORS)
+    all_validators.update(validators)
+
+    if type_checker is None:
+        type_checker = validator.TYPE_CHECKER
+    return create(
+        meta_schema=validator.META_SCHEMA,
+        validators=all_validators,
+        version=version,
+        type_checker=type_checker,
+        id_of=validator.ID_OF,
+    )
+
+
+Draft3Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft3"),
+    validators={
+        "$ref": _validators.ref,
+        "additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        "additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        "dependencies": _legacy_validators.dependencies_draft3,
+        "disallow": _legacy_validators.disallow_draft3,
+        "divisibleBy": _validators.multipleOf,
+        "enum": _validators.enum,
+        "extends": _legacy_validators.extends_draft3,
+        "format": _validators.format,
+        "items": _legacy_validators.items_draft3_draft4,
+        "maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        "maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        "maximum": _legacy_validators.maximum_draft3_draft4,
+        "minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        "minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        "minimum": _legacy_validators.minimum_draft3_draft4,
+        "pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        "patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        "properties": _legacy_validators.properties_draft3,
+        "type": _legacy_validators.type_draft3,
+        "uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft3_type_checker,
+    version="draft3",
+    id_of=lambda schema: schema.get("id", ""),
+    applicable_validators=_legacy_validators.ignore_ref_siblings,
+)
+
+Draft4Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft4"),
+    validators={
+        "$ref": _validators.ref,
+        "additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        "additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        "allOf": _validators.allOf,
+        "anyOf": _validators.anyOf,
+        "dependencies": _legacy_validators.dependencies_draft4_draft6_draft7,
+        "enum": _validators.enum,
+        "format": _validators.format,
+        "items": _legacy_validators.items_draft3_draft4,
+        "maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        "maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        "maxProperties": _validators.maxProperties,
+        "maximum": _legacy_validators.maximum_draft3_draft4,
+        "minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        "minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        "minProperties": _validators.minProperties,
+        "minimum": _legacy_validators.minimum_draft3_draft4,
+        "multipleOf": _validators.multipleOf,
+        "not": _validators.not_,
+        "oneOf": _validators.oneOf,
+        "pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        "patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        "properties": _validators.properties,
+        "required": _validators.required,
+        "type": _validators.type,
+        "uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft4_type_checker,
+    version="draft4",
+    id_of=lambda schema: schema.get("id", ""),
+    applicable_validators=_legacy_validators.ignore_ref_siblings,
+)
+
+Draft6Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft6"),
+    validators={
+        "$ref": _validators.ref,
+        "additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        "additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        "allOf": _validators.allOf,
+        "anyOf": _validators.anyOf,
+        "const": _validators.const,
+        "contains": _legacy_validators.contains_draft6_draft7,
+        "dependencies": _legacy_validators.dependencies_draft4_draft6_draft7,
+        "enum": _validators.enum,
+        "exclusiveMaximum": _validators.exclusiveMaximum,
+        "exclusiveMinimum": _validators.exclusiveMinimum,
+        "format": _validators.format,
+        "items": _legacy_validators.items_draft6_draft7_draft201909,
+        "maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        "maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        "maxProperties": _validators.maxProperties,
+        "maximum": _validators.maximum,
+        "minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        "minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        "minProperties": _validators.minProperties,
+        "minimum": _validators.minimum,
+        "multipleOf": _validators.multipleOf,
+        "not": _validators.not_,
+        "oneOf": _validators.oneOf,
+        "pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        "patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        "properties": _validators.properties,
+        "propertyNames": _validators.propertyNames,
+        "required": _validators.required,
+        "type": _validators.type,
+        "uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft6_type_checker,
+    version="draft6",
+    applicable_validators=_legacy_validators.ignore_ref_siblings,
+)
+
+Draft7Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft7"),
+    validators={
+        "$ref": _validators.ref,
+        "additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        "additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        "allOf": _validators.allOf,
+        "anyOf": _validators.anyOf,
+        "const": _validators.const,
+        "contains": _legacy_validators.contains_draft6_draft7,
+        "dependencies": _legacy_validators.dependencies_draft4_draft6_draft7,
+        "enum": _validators.enum,
+        "exclusiveMaximum": _validators.exclusiveMaximum,
+        "exclusiveMinimum": _validators.exclusiveMinimum,
+        "format": _validators.format,
+        "if": _validators.if_,
+        "items": _legacy_validators.items_draft6_draft7_draft201909,
+        "maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        "maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        "maxProperties": _validators.maxProperties,
+        "maximum": _validators.maximum,
+        "minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        "minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        "minProperties": _validators.minProperties,
+        "minimum": _validators.minimum,
+        "multipleOf": _validators.multipleOf,
+        "not": _validators.not_,
+        "oneOf": _validators.oneOf,
+        "pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        "patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        "properties": _validators.properties,
+        "propertyNames": _validators.propertyNames,
+        "required": _validators.required,
+        "type": _validators.type,
+        "uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft7_type_checker,
+    version="draft7",
+    applicable_validators=_legacy_validators.ignore_ref_siblings,
+)
+
+Draft201909Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft2019-09"),
+    validators={
+        "$recursiveRef": _legacy_validators.recursiveRef,
+        "$ref": _validators.ref,
+        "additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        "additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        "allOf": _validators.allOf,
+        "anyOf": _validators.anyOf,
+        "const": _validators.const,
+        "contains": _validators.contains,
+        "dependentRequired": _validators.dependentRequired,
+        "dependentSchemas": _validators.dependentSchemas,
+        "enum": _validators.enum,
+        "exclusiveMaximum": _validators.exclusiveMaximum,
+        "exclusiveMinimum": _validators.exclusiveMinimum,
+        "format": _validators.format,
+        "if": _validators.if_,
+        "items": _legacy_validators.items_draft6_draft7_draft201909,
+        "maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        "maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        "maxProperties": _validators.maxProperties,
+        "maximum": _validators.maximum,
+        "minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        "minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        "minProperties": _validators.minProperties,
+        "minimum": _validators.minimum,
+        "multipleOf": _validators.multipleOf,
+        "not": _validators.not_,
+        "oneOf": _validators.oneOf,
+        "pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        "patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        "properties": _validators.properties,
+        "propertyNames": _validators.propertyNames,
+        "required": _validators.required,
+        "type": _validators.type,
+        "unevaluatedItems": _validators.unevaluatedItems,
+        "unevaluatedProperties": _validators.unevaluatedProperties,
+        "uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft201909_type_checker,
+    version="draft2019-09",
+)
+
+Draft202012Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft2020-12"),
+    validators={
+        "$dynamicRef": _validators.dynamicRef,
+        "$ref": _validators.ref,
+        "additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        "additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        "allOf": _validators.allOf,
+        "anyOf": _validators.anyOf,
+        "const": _validators.const,
+        "contains": _validators.contains,
+        "dependentRequired": _validators.dependentRequired,
+        "dependentSchemas": _validators.dependentSchemas,
+        "enum": _validators.enum,
+        "exclusiveMaximum": _validators.exclusiveMaximum,
+        "exclusiveMinimum": _validators.exclusiveMinimum,
+        "format": _validators.format,
+        "if": _validators.if_,
+        "items": _validators.items,
+        "maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        "maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        "maxProperties": _validators.maxProperties,
+        "maximum": _validators.maximum,
+        "minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        "minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        "minProperties": _validators.minProperties,
+        "minimum": _validators.minimum,
+        "multipleOf": _validators.multipleOf,
+        "not": _validators.not_,
+        "oneOf": _validators.oneOf,
+        "pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        "patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        "prefixItems": _validators.prefixItems,
+        "properties": _validators.properties,
+        "propertyNames": _validators.propertyNames,
+        "required": _validators.required,
+        "type": _validators.type,
+        "unevaluatedItems": _validators.unevaluatedItems,
+        "unevaluatedProperties": _validators.unevaluatedProperties,
+        "uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft202012_type_checker,
+    version="draft2020-12",
+)
+
+_LATEST_VERSION = Draft202012Validator
+
+
+class RefResolver(object):
+    """
+    Resolve JSON References.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        base_uri (str):
+
+            The URI of the referring document
+
+        referrer:
+
+            The actual referring document
+
+        store (dict):
+
+            A mapping from URIs to documents to cache
+
+        cache_remote (bool):
+
+            Whether remote refs should be cached after first resolution
+
+        handlers (dict):
+
+            A mapping from URI schemes to functions that should be used
+            to retrieve them
+
+        urljoin_cache (:func:`functools.lru_cache`):
+
+            A cache that will be used for caching the results of joining
+            the resolution scope to subscopes.
+
+        remote_cache (:func:`functools.lru_cache`):
+
+            A cache that will be used for caching the results of
+            resolved remote URLs.
+
+    Attributes:
+
+        cache_remote (bool):
+
+            Whether remote refs should be cached after first resolution
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        base_uri,
+        referrer,
+        store=(),
+        cache_remote=True,
+        handlers=(),
+        urljoin_cache=None,
+        remote_cache=None,
+    ):
+        if urljoin_cache is None:
+            urljoin_cache = lru_cache(1024)(urljoin)
+        if remote_cache is None:
+            remote_cache = lru_cache(1024)(self.resolve_from_url)
+
+        self.referrer = referrer
+        self.cache_remote = cache_remote
+        self.handlers = dict(handlers)
+
+        self._scopes_stack = [base_uri]
+        self.store = _utils.URIDict(_store_schema_list())
+        self.store.update(store)
+        self.store[base_uri] = referrer
+
+        self._urljoin_cache = urljoin_cache
+        self._remote_cache = remote_cache
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_schema(cls, schema, id_of=_id_of, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Construct a resolver from a JSON schema object.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            schema:
+
+                the referring schema
+
+        Returns:
+
+            `RefResolver`
+        """
+
+        return cls(base_uri=id_of(schema), referrer=schema, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def push_scope(self, scope):
+        """
+        Enter a given sub-scope.
+
+        Treats further dereferences as being performed underneath the
+        given scope.
+        """
+        self._scopes_stack.append(
+            self._urljoin_cache(self.resolution_scope, scope),
+        )
+
+    def pop_scope(self):
+        """
+        Exit the most recent entered scope.
+
+        Treats further dereferences as being performed underneath the
+        original scope.
+
+        Don't call this method more times than `push_scope` has been
+        called.
+        """
+        try:
+            self._scopes_stack.pop()
+        except IndexError:
+            raise exceptions.RefResolutionError(
+                "Failed to pop the scope from an empty stack. "
+                "`pop_scope()` should only be called once for every "
+                "`push_scope()`",
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def resolution_scope(self):
+        """
+        Retrieve the current resolution scope.
+        """
+        return self._scopes_stack[-1]
+
+    @property
+    def base_uri(self):
+        """
+        Retrieve the current base URI, not including any fragment.
+        """
+        uri, _ = urldefrag(self.resolution_scope)
+        return uri
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def in_scope(self, scope):
+        """
+        Temporarily enter the given scope for the duration of the context.
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "jsonschema.RefResolver.in_scope is deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in a future release.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=3,
+        )
+        self.push_scope(scope)
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            self.pop_scope()
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def resolving(self, ref):
+        """
+        Resolve the given ``ref`` and enter its resolution scope.
+
+        Exits the scope on exit of this context manager.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            ref (str):
+
+                The reference to resolve
+        """
+
+        url, resolved = self.resolve(ref)
+        self.push_scope(url)
+        try:
+            yield resolved
+        finally:
+            self.pop_scope()
+
+    def _find_in_referrer(self, key):
+        return self._get_subschemas_cache()[key]
+
+    @lru_cache()
+    def _get_subschemas_cache(self):
+        cache = {key: [] for key in _SUBSCHEMAS_KEYWORDS}
+        for keyword, subschema in _search_schema(
+            self.referrer, _match_subschema_keywords,
+        ):
+            cache[keyword].append(subschema)
+        return cache
+
+    @lru_cache()
+    def _find_in_subschemas(self, url):
+        subschemas = self._get_subschemas_cache()["$id"]
+        if not subschemas:
+            return None
+        uri, fragment = urldefrag(url)
+        for subschema in subschemas:
+            target_uri = self._urljoin_cache(
+                self.resolution_scope, subschema["$id"],
+            )
+            if target_uri.rstrip("/") == uri.rstrip("/"):
+                if fragment:
+                    subschema = self.resolve_fragment(subschema, fragment)
+                return url, subschema
+        return None
+
+    def resolve(self, ref):
+        """
+        Resolve the given reference.
+        """
+        url = self._urljoin_cache(self.resolution_scope, ref).rstrip("/")
+
+        match = self._find_in_subschemas(url)
+        if match is not None:
+            return match
+
+        return url, self._remote_cache(url)
+
+    def resolve_from_url(self, url):
+        """
+        Resolve the given remote URL.
+        """
+        url, fragment = urldefrag(url)
+        try:
+            document = self.store[url]
+        except KeyError:
+            try:
+                document = self.resolve_remote(url)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                raise exceptions.RefResolutionError(exc)
+
+        return self.resolve_fragment(document, fragment)
+
+    def resolve_fragment(self, document, fragment):
+        """
+        Resolve a ``fragment`` within the referenced ``document``.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            document:
+
+                The referent document
+
+            fragment (str):
+
+                a URI fragment to resolve within it
+        """
+
+        fragment = fragment.lstrip("/")
+
+        if not fragment:
+            return document
+
+        if document is self.referrer:
+            find = self._find_in_referrer
+        else:
+
+            def find(key):
+                yield from _search_schema(document, _match_keyword(key))
+
+        for keyword in ["$anchor", "$dynamicAnchor"]:
+            for subschema in find(keyword):
+                if fragment == subschema[keyword]:
+                    return subschema
+        for keyword in ["id", "$id"]:
+            for subschema in find(keyword):
+                if "#" + fragment == subschema[keyword]:
+                    return subschema
+
+        # Resolve via path
+        parts = unquote(fragment).split("/") if fragment else []
+        for part in parts:
+            part = part.replace("~1", "/").replace("~0", "~")
+
+            if isinstance(document, Sequence):
+                # Array indexes should be turned into integers
+                try:
+                    part = int(part)
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass
+            try:
+                document = document[part]
+            except (TypeError, LookupError):
+                raise exceptions.RefResolutionError(
+                    f"Unresolvable JSON pointer: {fragment!r}",
+                )
+
+        return document
+
+    def resolve_remote(self, uri):
+        """
+        Resolve a remote ``uri``.
+
+        If called directly, does not check the store first, but after
+        retrieving the document at the specified URI it will be saved in
+        the store if :attr:`cache_remote` is True.
+
+        .. note::
+
+            If the requests_ library is present, ``jsonschema`` will use it to
+            request the remote ``uri``, so that the correct encoding is
+            detected and used.
+
+            If it isn't, or if the scheme of the ``uri`` is not ``http`` or
+            ``https``, UTF-8 is assumed.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            uri (str):
+
+                The URI to resolve
+
+        Returns:
+
+            The retrieved document
+
+        .. _requests: https://pypi.org/project/requests/
+        """
+        try:
+            import requests
+        except ImportError:
+            requests = None
+
+        scheme = urlsplit(uri).scheme
+
+        if scheme in self.handlers:
+            result = self.handlers[scheme](uri)
+        elif scheme in ["http", "https"] and requests:
+            # Requests has support for detecting the correct encoding of
+            # json over http
+            result = requests.get(uri).json()
+        else:
+            # Otherwise, pass off to urllib and assume utf-8
+            with urlopen(uri) as url:
+                result = json.loads(url.read().decode("utf-8"))
+
+        if self.cache_remote:
+            self.store[uri] = result
+        return result
+
+
+_SUBSCHEMAS_KEYWORDS = ("$id", "id", "$anchor", "$dynamicAnchor")
+
+
+def _match_keyword(keyword):
+
+    def matcher(value):
+        if keyword in value:
+            yield value
+
+    return matcher
+
+
+def _match_subschema_keywords(value):
+    for keyword in _SUBSCHEMAS_KEYWORDS:
+        if keyword in value:
+            yield keyword, value
+
+
+def _search_schema(schema, matcher):
+    """Breadth-first search routine."""
+    values = deque([schema])
+    while values:
+        value = values.pop()
+        if not isinstance(value, dict):
+            continue
+        yield from matcher(value)
+        values.extendleft(value.values())
+
+
+def validate(instance, schema, cls=None, *args, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Validate an instance under the given schema.
+
+        >>> validate([2, 3, 4], {"maxItems": 2})
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+        ValidationError: [2, 3, 4] is too long
+
+    :func:`validate` will first verify that the provided schema is
+    itself valid, since not doing so can lead to less obvious error
+    messages and fail in less obvious or consistent ways.
+
+    If you know you have a valid schema already, especially if you
+    intend to validate multiple instances with the same schema, you
+    likely would prefer using the `Validator.validate` method directly
+    on a specific validator (e.g. ``Draft7Validator.validate``).
+
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        instance:
+
+            The instance to validate
+
+        schema:
+
+            The schema to validate with
+
+        cls (Validator):
+
+            The class that will be used to validate the instance.
+
+    If the ``cls`` argument is not provided, two things will happen
+    in accordance with the specification. First, if the schema has a
+    :validator:`$schema` property containing a known meta-schema [#]_
+    then the proper validator will be used. The specification recommends
+    that all schemas contain :validator:`$schema` properties for this
+    reason. If no :validator:`$schema` property is found, the default
+    validator class is the latest released draft.
+
+    Any other provided positional and keyword arguments will be passed
+    on when instantiating the ``cls``.
+
+    Raises:
+
+        `jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError` if the instance
+            is invalid
+
+        `jsonschema.exceptions.SchemaError` if the schema itself
+            is invalid
+
+    .. rubric:: Footnotes
+    .. [#] known by a validator registered with
+        `jsonschema.validators.validates`
+    """
+    if cls is None:
+        cls = validator_for(schema)
+
+    cls.check_schema(schema)
+    validator = cls(schema, *args, **kwargs)
+    error = exceptions.best_match(validator.iter_errors(instance))
+    if error is not None:
+        raise error
+
+
+def validator_for(schema, default=_LATEST_VERSION):
+    """
+    Retrieve the validator class appropriate for validating the given schema.
+
+    Uses the :validator:`$schema` property that should be present in the
+    given schema to look up the appropriate validator class.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        schema (collections.abc.Mapping or bool):
+
+            the schema to look at
+
+        default:
+
+            the default to return if the appropriate validator class
+            cannot be determined.
+
+            If unprovided, the default is to return the latest supported
+            draft.
+    """
+    if schema is True or schema is False or "$schema" not in schema:
+        return default
+    if schema["$schema"] not in _META_SCHEMAS:
+        warn(
+            (
+                "The metaschema specified by $schema was not found. "
+                "Using the latest draft to validate, but this will raise "
+                "an error in the future."
+            ),
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+    return _META_SCHEMAS.get(schema["$schema"], _LATEST_VERSION)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc8b7ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__",
+    "__summary__",
+    "__uri__",
+    "__version__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__email__",
+    "__license__",
+    "__copyright__",
+]
+
+__title__ = "PyNaCl"
+__summary__ = (
+    "Python binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library"
+)
+__uri__ = "https://github.com/pyca/pynacl/"
+
+__version__ = "1.5.0"
+
+__author__ = "The PyNaCl developers"
+__email__ = "cryptography-dev@python.org"
+
+__license__ = "Apache License 2.0"
+__copyright__ = "Copyright 2013-2018 {}".format(__author__)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/_sodium.abi3.so b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/_sodium.abi3.so
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5759d60
Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/_sodium.abi3.so differ
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e3b10e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,451 @@
+# Copyright 2013-2019 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_aead import (
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NPUBBYTES,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NSECBYTES,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NSECBYTES,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt,
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt,
+    crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES,
+    crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES,
+    crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX,
+    crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES,
+    crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NSECBYTES,
+    crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt,
+    crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_box import (
+    crypto_box,
+    crypto_box_BEFORENMBYTES,
+    crypto_box_BOXZEROBYTES,
+    crypto_box_NONCEBYTES,
+    crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES,
+    crypto_box_SEALBYTES,
+    crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES,
+    crypto_box_SEEDBYTES,
+    crypto_box_ZEROBYTES,
+    crypto_box_afternm,
+    crypto_box_beforenm,
+    crypto_box_keypair,
+    crypto_box_open,
+    crypto_box_open_afternm,
+    crypto_box_seal,
+    crypto_box_seal_open,
+    crypto_box_seed_keypair,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_core import (
+    crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_NONREDUCEDSCALARBYTES,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_add,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_is_valid_point,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_add,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_complement,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_invert,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_mul,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_negate,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_reduce,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_sub,
+    crypto_core_ed25519_sub,
+    has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash import (
+    crypto_generichash_BYTES,
+    crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX,
+    crypto_generichash_BYTES_MIN,
+    crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES,
+    crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MAX,
+    crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MIN,
+    crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES,
+    crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES,
+    crypto_generichash_STATEBYTES,
+    generichash_blake2b_final as crypto_generichash_blake2b_final,
+    generichash_blake2b_init as crypto_generichash_blake2b_init,
+    generichash_blake2b_salt_personal as crypto_generichash_blake2b_salt_personal,
+    generichash_blake2b_update as crypto_generichash_blake2b_update,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_hash import (
+    crypto_hash,
+    crypto_hash_BYTES,
+    crypto_hash_sha256,
+    crypto_hash_sha256_BYTES,
+    crypto_hash_sha512,
+    crypto_hash_sha512_BYTES,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_kx import (
+    crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES,
+    crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES,
+    crypto_kx_SEED_BYTES,
+    crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES,
+    crypto_kx_client_session_keys,
+    crypto_kx_keypair,
+    crypto_kx_seed_keypair,
+    crypto_kx_server_session_keys,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash import (
+    crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2I13,
+    crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2ID13,
+    crypto_pwhash_ALG_DEFAULT,
+    crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_PASSWD_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_PASSWD_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_SALTBYTES,
+    crypto_pwhash_STRBYTES,
+    crypto_pwhash_alg,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_STRPREFIX,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_STRPREFIX,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MAX,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MIN,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_SALTBYTES,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRBYTES,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRPREFIX,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_ll,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str,
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str_verify,
+    crypto_pwhash_str_alg,
+    crypto_pwhash_str_verify,
+    has_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256,
+    nacl_bindings_pick_scrypt_params,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_scalarmult import (
+    crypto_scalarmult,
+    crypto_scalarmult_BYTES,
+    crypto_scalarmult_SCALARBYTES,
+    crypto_scalarmult_base,
+    crypto_scalarmult_ed25519,
+    crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES,
+    crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+    crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_base,
+    crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_base_noclamp,
+    crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_noclamp,
+    has_crypto_scalarmult_ed25519,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_secretbox import (
+    crypto_secretbox,
+    crypto_secretbox_BOXZEROBYTES,
+    crypto_secretbox_KEYBYTES,
+    crypto_secretbox_MACBYTES,
+    crypto_secretbox_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX,
+    crypto_secretbox_NONCEBYTES,
+    crypto_secretbox_ZEROBYTES,
+    crypto_secretbox_open,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_secretstream import (
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_HEADERBYTES,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_STATEBYTES,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_FINAL,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_MESSAGE,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_PUSH,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_REKEY,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_keygen,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_pull,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_push,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey,
+    crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_shorthash import (
+    BYTES as crypto_shorthash_siphash24_BYTES,
+    KEYBYTES as crypto_shorthash_siphash24_KEYBYTES,
+    XBYTES as crypto_shorthash_siphashx24_BYTES,
+    XKEYBYTES as crypto_shorthash_siphashx24_KEYBYTES,
+    crypto_shorthash_siphash24,
+    crypto_shorthash_siphashx24,
+    has_crypto_shorthash_siphashx24,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.crypto_sign import (
+    crypto_sign,
+    crypto_sign_BYTES,
+    crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES,
+    crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES,
+    crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES,
+    crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519,
+    crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519,
+    crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_pk,
+    crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_seed,
+    crypto_sign_ed25519ph_STATEBYTES,
+    crypto_sign_ed25519ph_final_create,
+    crypto_sign_ed25519ph_final_verify,
+    crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state,
+    crypto_sign_ed25519ph_update,
+    crypto_sign_keypair,
+    crypto_sign_open,
+    crypto_sign_seed_keypair,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.randombytes import (
+    randombytes,
+    randombytes_buf_deterministic,
+)
+from nacl.bindings.sodium_core import sodium_init
+from nacl.bindings.utils import (
+    sodium_add,
+    sodium_increment,
+    sodium_memcmp,
+    sodium_pad,
+    sodium_unpad,
+)
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NPUBBYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NSECBYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NSECBYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt",
+    "crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt",
+    "crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX",
+    "crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NSECBYTES",
+    "crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt",
+    "crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt",
+    "crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_box_SEEDBYTES",
+    "crypto_box_NONCEBYTES",
+    "crypto_box_ZEROBYTES",
+    "crypto_box_BOXZEROBYTES",
+    "crypto_box_BEFORENMBYTES",
+    "crypto_box_SEALBYTES",
+    "crypto_box_keypair",
+    "crypto_box",
+    "crypto_box_open",
+    "crypto_box_beforenm",
+    "crypto_box_afternm",
+    "crypto_box_open_afternm",
+    "crypto_box_seal",
+    "crypto_box_seal_open",
+    "crypto_box_seed_keypair",
+    "has_crypto_core_ed25519",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_UNIFORMBYTES",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_NONREDUCEDSCALARBYTES",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_add",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_from_uniform",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_is_valid_point",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_sub",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_invert",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_negate",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_complement",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_add",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_sub",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_mul",
+    "crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_reduce",
+    "crypto_hash_BYTES",
+    "crypto_hash_sha256_BYTES",
+    "crypto_hash_sha512_BYTES",
+    "crypto_hash",
+    "crypto_hash_sha256",
+    "crypto_hash_sha512",
+    "crypto_generichash_BYTES",
+    "crypto_generichash_BYTES_MIN",
+    "crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX",
+    "crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MIN",
+    "crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MAX",
+    "crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES",
+    "crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES",
+    "crypto_generichash_STATEBYTES",
+    "crypto_generichash_blake2b_salt_personal",
+    "crypto_generichash_blake2b_init",
+    "crypto_generichash_blake2b_update",
+    "crypto_generichash_blake2b_final",
+    "crypto_kx_keypair",
+    "crypto_kx_seed_keypair",
+    "crypto_kx_client_session_keys",
+    "crypto_kx_server_session_keys",
+    "crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES",
+    "crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES",
+    "crypto_kx_SEED_BYTES",
+    "crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES",
+    "has_crypto_scalarmult_ed25519",
+    "crypto_scalarmult_BYTES",
+    "crypto_scalarmult_SCALARBYTES",
+    "crypto_scalarmult",
+    "crypto_scalarmult_base",
+    "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES",
+    "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES",
+    "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519",
+    "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_base",
+    "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_noclamp",
+    "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_base_noclamp",
+    "crypto_secretbox_KEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_secretbox_NONCEBYTES",
+    "crypto_secretbox_ZEROBYTES",
+    "crypto_secretbox_BOXZEROBYTES",
+    "crypto_secretbox_MACBYTES",
+    "crypto_secretbox_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX",
+    "crypto_secretbox",
+    "crypto_secretbox_open",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_HEADERBYTES",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_STATEBYTES",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_FINAL",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_MESSAGE",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_PUSH",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_REKEY",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_keygen",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_pull",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_push",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey",
+    "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state",
+    "has_crypto_shorthash_siphashx24",
+    "crypto_shorthash_siphash24_BYTES",
+    "crypto_shorthash_siphash24_KEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_shorthash_siphash24",
+    "crypto_shorthash_siphashx24_BYTES",
+    "crypto_shorthash_siphashx24_KEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_shorthash_siphashx24",
+    "crypto_sign_BYTES",
+    "crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES",
+    "crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES",
+    "crypto_sign_keypair",
+    "crypto_sign_seed_keypair",
+    "crypto_sign",
+    "crypto_sign_open",
+    "crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519",
+    "crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519",
+    "crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_pk",
+    "crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_seed",
+    "crypto_sign_ed25519ph_STATEBYTES",
+    "crypto_sign_ed25519ph_final_create",
+    "crypto_sign_ed25519ph_final_verify",
+    "crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state",
+    "crypto_sign_ed25519ph_update",
+    "crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2I13",
+    "crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2ID13",
+    "crypto_pwhash_ALG_DEFAULT",
+    "crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_PASSWD_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_PASSWD_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_SALTBYTES",
+    "crypto_pwhash_STRBYTES",
+    "crypto_pwhash_alg",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2i_STRPREFIX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_argon2id_STRPREFIX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_str_alg",
+    "crypto_pwhash_str_verify",
+    "has_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MAX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MIN",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_SALTBYTES",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRBYTES",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRPREFIX",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_ll",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str",
+    "crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str_verify",
+    "nacl_bindings_pick_scrypt_params",
+    "randombytes",
+    "randombytes_buf_deterministic",
+    "sodium_init",
+    "sodium_add",
+    "sodium_increment",
+    "sodium_memcmp",
+    "sodium_pad",
+    "sodium_unpad",
+]
+
+
+# Initialize Sodium
+sodium_init()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_aead.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_aead.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e7168d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_aead.py
@@ -0,0 +1,559 @@
+# Copyright 2017 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import Optional
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+"""
+Implementations of authenticated encription with associated data (*AEAD*)
+constructions building on the chacha20 stream cipher and the poly1305
+authenticator
+"""
+
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_keybytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NSECBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_nsecbytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_npubbytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_abytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_messagebytes_max()
+)
+_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_CRYPTBYTES_MAX = (
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX
+    + crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES
+)
+
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_keybytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NSECBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_nsecbytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NPUBBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_npubbytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_abytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_messagebytes_max()
+)
+_aead_chacha20poly1305_CRYPTBYTES_MAX = (
+    crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX
+    + crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES
+)
+
+crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_keybytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NSECBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_nsecbytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_npubbytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_abytes()
+)
+crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_messagebytes_max()
+)
+_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_CRYPTBYTES_MAX = (
+    crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX
+    + crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES
+)
+
+
+def crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
+    message: bytes, aad: Optional[bytes], nonce: bytes, key: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Encrypt the given ``message`` using the IETF ratified chacha20poly1305
+    construction described in RFC7539.
+
+    :param message:
+    :type message: bytes
+    :param aad:
+    :type aad: Optional[bytes]
+    :param nonce:
+    :type nonce: bytes
+    :param key:
+    :type key: bytes
+    :return: authenticated ciphertext
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(message, bytes),
+        "Input message type must be bytes",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    mlen = len(message)
+
+    ensure(
+        mlen <= crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX,
+        "Message must be at most {} bytes long".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX
+        ),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(aad, bytes) or (aad is None),
+        "Additional data must be bytes or None",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(nonce, bytes)
+        and len(nonce) == crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES,
+        "Nonce must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(key, bytes)
+        and len(key) == crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES,
+        "Key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    if aad:
+        _aad = aad
+        aalen = len(aad)
+    else:
+        _aad = ffi.NULL
+        aalen = 0
+
+    mxout = mlen + crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES
+
+    clen = ffi.new("unsigned long long *")
+
+    ciphertext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", mxout)
+
+    res = lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
+        ciphertext, clen, message, mlen, _aad, aalen, ffi.NULL, nonce, key
+    )
+
+    ensure(res == 0, "Encryption failed.", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+    return ffi.buffer(ciphertext, clen[0])[:]
+
+
+def crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
+    ciphertext: bytes, aad: Optional[bytes], nonce: bytes, key: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Decrypt the given ``ciphertext`` using the IETF ratified chacha20poly1305
+    construction described in RFC7539.
+
+    :param ciphertext:
+    :type ciphertext: bytes
+    :param aad:
+    :type aad: Optional[bytes]
+    :param nonce:
+    :type nonce: bytes
+    :param key:
+    :type key: bytes
+    :return: message
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(ciphertext, bytes),
+        "Input ciphertext type must be bytes",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    clen = len(ciphertext)
+
+    ensure(
+        clen <= _aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_CRYPTBYTES_MAX,
+        "Ciphertext must be at most {} bytes long".format(
+            _aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_CRYPTBYTES_MAX
+        ),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(aad, bytes) or (aad is None),
+        "Additional data must be bytes or None",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(nonce, bytes)
+        and len(nonce) == crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES,
+        "Nonce must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(key, bytes)
+        and len(key) == crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES,
+        "Key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    mxout = clen - crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES
+
+    mlen = ffi.new("unsigned long long *")
+    message = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", mxout)
+
+    if aad:
+        _aad = aad
+        aalen = len(aad)
+    else:
+        _aad = ffi.NULL
+        aalen = 0
+
+    res = lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
+        message, mlen, ffi.NULL, ciphertext, clen, _aad, aalen, nonce, key
+    )
+
+    ensure(res == 0, "Decryption failed.", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(message, mlen[0])[:]
+
+
+def crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt(
+    message: bytes, aad: Optional[bytes], nonce: bytes, key: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Encrypt the given ``message`` using the "legacy" construction
+    described in draft-agl-tls-chacha20poly1305.
+
+    :param message:
+    :type message: bytes
+    :param aad:
+    :type aad: Optional[bytes]
+    :param nonce:
+    :type nonce: bytes
+    :param key:
+    :type key: bytes
+    :return: authenticated ciphertext
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(message, bytes),
+        "Input message type must be bytes",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    mlen = len(message)
+
+    ensure(
+        mlen <= crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX,
+        "Message must be at most {} bytes long".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX
+        ),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(aad, bytes) or (aad is None),
+        "Additional data must be bytes or None",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(nonce, bytes)
+        and len(nonce) == crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NPUBBYTES,
+        "Nonce must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NPUBBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(key, bytes)
+        and len(key) == crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES,
+        "Key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    if aad:
+        _aad = aad
+        aalen = len(aad)
+    else:
+        _aad = ffi.NULL
+        aalen = 0
+
+    mlen = len(message)
+    mxout = mlen + crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES
+
+    clen = ffi.new("unsigned long long *")
+
+    ciphertext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", mxout)
+
+    res = lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt(
+        ciphertext, clen, message, mlen, _aad, aalen, ffi.NULL, nonce, key
+    )
+
+    ensure(res == 0, "Encryption failed.", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+    return ffi.buffer(ciphertext, clen[0])[:]
+
+
+def crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt(
+    ciphertext: bytes, aad: Optional[bytes], nonce: bytes, key: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Decrypt the given ``ciphertext`` using the "legacy" construction
+    described in draft-agl-tls-chacha20poly1305.
+
+    :param ciphertext: authenticated ciphertext
+    :type ciphertext: bytes
+    :param aad:
+    :type aad: Optional[bytes]
+    :param nonce:
+    :type nonce: bytes
+    :param key:
+    :type key: bytes
+    :return: message
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(ciphertext, bytes),
+        "Input ciphertext type must be bytes",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    clen = len(ciphertext)
+
+    ensure(
+        clen <= _aead_chacha20poly1305_CRYPTBYTES_MAX,
+        "Ciphertext must be at most {} bytes long".format(
+            _aead_chacha20poly1305_CRYPTBYTES_MAX
+        ),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(aad, bytes) or (aad is None),
+        "Additional data must be bytes or None",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(nonce, bytes)
+        and len(nonce) == crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NPUBBYTES,
+        "Nonce must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_NPUBBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(key, bytes)
+        and len(key) == crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES,
+        "Key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    mxout = clen - crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES
+
+    mlen = ffi.new("unsigned long long *")
+    message = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", mxout)
+
+    if aad:
+        _aad = aad
+        aalen = len(aad)
+    else:
+        _aad = ffi.NULL
+        aalen = 0
+
+    res = lib.crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt(
+        message, mlen, ffi.NULL, ciphertext, clen, _aad, aalen, nonce, key
+    )
+
+    ensure(res == 0, "Decryption failed.", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(message, mlen[0])[:]
+
+
+def crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
+    message: bytes, aad: Optional[bytes], nonce: bytes, key: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Encrypt the given ``message`` using the long-nonces xchacha20poly1305
+    construction.
+
+    :param message:
+    :type message: bytes
+    :param aad:
+    :type aad: Optional[bytes]
+    :param nonce:
+    :type nonce: bytes
+    :param key:
+    :type key: bytes
+    :return: authenticated ciphertext
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(message, bytes),
+        "Input message type must be bytes",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    mlen = len(message)
+
+    ensure(
+        mlen <= crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX,
+        "Message must be at most {} bytes long".format(
+            crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX
+        ),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(aad, bytes) or (aad is None),
+        "Additional data must be bytes or None",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(nonce, bytes)
+        and len(nonce) == crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES,
+        "Nonce must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(key, bytes)
+        and len(key) == crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES,
+        "Key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    if aad:
+        _aad = aad
+        aalen = len(aad)
+    else:
+        _aad = ffi.NULL
+        aalen = 0
+
+    mlen = len(message)
+    mxout = mlen + crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES
+
+    clen = ffi.new("unsigned long long *")
+
+    ciphertext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", mxout)
+
+    res = lib.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
+        ciphertext, clen, message, mlen, _aad, aalen, ffi.NULL, nonce, key
+    )
+
+    ensure(res == 0, "Encryption failed.", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+    return ffi.buffer(ciphertext, clen[0])[:]
+
+
+def crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
+    ciphertext: bytes, aad: Optional[bytes], nonce: bytes, key: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Decrypt the given ``ciphertext`` using the long-nonces xchacha20poly1305
+    construction.
+
+    :param ciphertext: authenticated ciphertext
+    :type ciphertext: bytes
+    :param aad:
+    :type aad: Optional[bytes]
+    :param nonce:
+    :type nonce: bytes
+    :param key:
+    :type key: bytes
+    :return: message
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(ciphertext, bytes),
+        "Input ciphertext type must be bytes",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    clen = len(ciphertext)
+
+    ensure(
+        clen <= _aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_CRYPTBYTES_MAX,
+        "Ciphertext must be at most {} bytes long".format(
+            _aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_CRYPTBYTES_MAX
+        ),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(aad, bytes) or (aad is None),
+        "Additional data must be bytes or None",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(nonce, bytes)
+        and len(nonce) == crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES,
+        "Nonce must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(key, bytes)
+        and len(key) == crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES,
+        "Key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    mxout = clen - crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES
+    mlen = ffi.new("unsigned long long *")
+    message = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", mxout)
+
+    if aad:
+        _aad = aad
+        aalen = len(aad)
+    else:
+        _aad = ffi.NULL
+        aalen = 0
+
+    res = lib.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
+        message, mlen, ffi.NULL, ciphertext, clen, _aad, aalen, nonce, key
+    )
+
+    ensure(res == 0, "Decryption failed.", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(message, mlen[0])[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_box.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_box.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74f7f0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_box.py
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import Tuple
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+__all__ = ["crypto_box_keypair", "crypto_box"]
+
+
+crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES: int = lib.crypto_box_secretkeybytes()
+crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES: int = lib.crypto_box_publickeybytes()
+crypto_box_SEEDBYTES: int = lib.crypto_box_seedbytes()
+crypto_box_NONCEBYTES: int = lib.crypto_box_noncebytes()
+crypto_box_ZEROBYTES: int = lib.crypto_box_zerobytes()
+crypto_box_BOXZEROBYTES: int = lib.crypto_box_boxzerobytes()
+crypto_box_BEFORENMBYTES: int = lib.crypto_box_beforenmbytes()
+crypto_box_SEALBYTES: int = lib.crypto_box_sealbytes()
+
+
+def crypto_box_keypair() -> Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
+    """
+    Returns a randomly generated public and secret key.
+
+    :rtype: (bytes(public_key), bytes(secret_key))
+    """
+    pk = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES)
+    sk = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_box_keypair(pk, sk)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return (
+        ffi.buffer(pk, crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES)[:],
+        ffi.buffer(sk, crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES)[:],
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_box_seed_keypair(seed: bytes) -> Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
+    """
+    Returns a (public, secret) keypair deterministically generated
+    from an input ``seed``.
+
+    .. warning:: The seed **must** be high-entropy; therefore,
+        its generator **must** be a cryptographic quality
+        random function like, for example, :func:`~nacl.utils.random`.
+
+    .. warning:: The seed **must** be protected and remain secret.
+        Anyone who knows the seed is really in possession of
+        the corresponding PrivateKey.
+
+
+    :param seed: bytes
+    :rtype: (bytes(public_key), bytes(secret_key))
+    """
+    ensure(isinstance(seed, bytes), "seed must be bytes", raising=TypeError)
+
+    if len(seed) != crypto_box_SEEDBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid seed")
+
+    pk = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES)
+    sk = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_box_seed_keypair(pk, sk, seed)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return (
+        ffi.buffer(pk, crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES)[:],
+        ffi.buffer(sk, crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES)[:],
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_box(message: bytes, nonce: bytes, pk: bytes, sk: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Encrypts and returns a message ``message`` using the secret key ``sk``,
+    public key ``pk``, and the nonce ``nonce``.
+
+    :param message: bytes
+    :param nonce: bytes
+    :param pk: bytes
+    :param sk: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(nonce) != crypto_box_NONCEBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid nonce size")
+
+    if len(pk) != crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid public key")
+
+    if len(sk) != crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid secret key")
+
+    padded = (b"\x00" * crypto_box_ZEROBYTES) + message
+    ciphertext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", len(padded))
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_box(ciphertext, padded, len(padded), nonce, pk, sk)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(ciphertext, len(padded))[crypto_box_BOXZEROBYTES:]
+
+
+def crypto_box_open(
+    ciphertext: bytes, nonce: bytes, pk: bytes, sk: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Decrypts and returns an encrypted message ``ciphertext``, using the secret
+    key ``sk``, public key ``pk``, and the nonce ``nonce``.
+
+    :param ciphertext: bytes
+    :param nonce: bytes
+    :param pk: bytes
+    :param sk: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(nonce) != crypto_box_NONCEBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid nonce size")
+
+    if len(pk) != crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid public key")
+
+    if len(sk) != crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid secret key")
+
+    padded = (b"\x00" * crypto_box_BOXZEROBYTES) + ciphertext
+    plaintext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", len(padded))
+
+    res = lib.crypto_box_open(plaintext, padded, len(padded), nonce, pk, sk)
+    ensure(
+        res == 0,
+        "An error occurred trying to decrypt the message",
+        raising=exc.CryptoError,
+    )
+
+    return ffi.buffer(plaintext, len(padded))[crypto_box_ZEROBYTES:]
+
+
+def crypto_box_beforenm(pk: bytes, sk: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Computes and returns the shared key for the public key ``pk`` and the
+    secret key ``sk``. This can be used to speed up operations where the same
+    set of keys is going to be used multiple times.
+
+    :param pk: bytes
+    :param sk: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(pk) != crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid public key")
+
+    if len(sk) != crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid secret key")
+
+    k = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_box_BEFORENMBYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_box_beforenm(k, pk, sk)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(k, crypto_box_BEFORENMBYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_box_afternm(message: bytes, nonce: bytes, k: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Encrypts and returns the message ``message`` using the shared key ``k`` and
+    the nonce ``nonce``.
+
+    :param message: bytes
+    :param nonce: bytes
+    :param k: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(nonce) != crypto_box_NONCEBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid nonce")
+
+    if len(k) != crypto_box_BEFORENMBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid shared key")
+
+    padded = b"\x00" * crypto_box_ZEROBYTES + message
+    ciphertext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", len(padded))
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_box_afternm(ciphertext, padded, len(padded), nonce, k)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(ciphertext, len(padded))[crypto_box_BOXZEROBYTES:]
+
+
+def crypto_box_open_afternm(
+    ciphertext: bytes, nonce: bytes, k: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Decrypts and returns the encrypted message ``ciphertext``, using the shared
+    key ``k`` and the nonce ``nonce``.
+
+    :param ciphertext: bytes
+    :param nonce: bytes
+    :param k: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(nonce) != crypto_box_NONCEBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid nonce")
+
+    if len(k) != crypto_box_BEFORENMBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid shared key")
+
+    padded = (b"\x00" * crypto_box_BOXZEROBYTES) + ciphertext
+    plaintext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", len(padded))
+
+    res = lib.crypto_box_open_afternm(plaintext, padded, len(padded), nonce, k)
+    ensure(
+        res == 0,
+        "An error occurred trying to decrypt the message",
+        raising=exc.CryptoError,
+    )
+
+    return ffi.buffer(plaintext, len(padded))[crypto_box_ZEROBYTES:]
+
+
+def crypto_box_seal(message: bytes, pk: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Encrypts and returns a message ``message`` using an ephemeral secret key
+    and the public key ``pk``.
+    The ephemeral public key, which is embedded in the sealed box, is also
+    used, in combination with ``pk``, to derive the nonce needed for the
+    underlying box construct.
+
+    :param message: bytes
+    :param pk: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(message, bytes),
+        "input message must be bytes",
+        raising=TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(pk, bytes), "public key must be bytes", raising=TypeError
+    )
+
+    if len(pk) != crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid public key")
+
+    _mlen = len(message)
+    _clen = crypto_box_SEALBYTES + _mlen
+
+    ciphertext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", _clen)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_box_seal(ciphertext, message, _mlen, pk)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(ciphertext, _clen)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_box_seal_open(ciphertext: bytes, pk: bytes, sk: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Decrypts and returns an encrypted message ``ciphertext``, using the
+    recipent's secret key ``sk`` and the sender's ephemeral public key
+    embedded in the sealed box. The box contruct nonce is derived from
+    the recipient's public key ``pk`` and the sender's public key.
+
+    :param ciphertext: bytes
+    :param pk: bytes
+    :param sk: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(ciphertext, bytes),
+        "input ciphertext must be bytes",
+        raising=TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(pk, bytes), "public key must be bytes", raising=TypeError
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(sk, bytes), "secret key must be bytes", raising=TypeError
+    )
+
+    if len(pk) != crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid public key")
+
+    if len(sk) != crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid secret key")
+
+    _clen = len(ciphertext)
+
+    ensure(
+        _clen >= crypto_box_SEALBYTES,
+        ("Input cyphertext must be at least {} long").format(
+            crypto_box_SEALBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    _mlen = _clen - crypto_box_SEALBYTES
+
+    # zero-length malloc results are implementation.dependent
+    plaintext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", max(1, _mlen))
+
+    res = lib.crypto_box_seal_open(plaintext, ciphertext, _clen, pk, sk)
+    ensure(
+        res == 0,
+        "An error occurred trying to decrypt the message",
+        raising=exc.CryptoError,
+    )
+
+    return ffi.buffer(plaintext, _mlen)[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d29da9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+# Copyright 2018 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+has_crypto_core_ed25519 = bool(lib.PYNACL_HAS_CRYPTO_CORE_ED25519)
+
+crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES = 0
+crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES = 0
+crypto_core_ed25519_NONREDUCEDSCALARBYTES = 0
+
+if has_crypto_core_ed25519:
+    crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES = lib.crypto_core_ed25519_bytes()
+    crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES = lib.crypto_core_ed25519_scalarbytes()
+    crypto_core_ed25519_NONREDUCEDSCALARBYTES = (
+        lib.crypto_core_ed25519_nonreducedscalarbytes()
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_is_valid_point(p: bytes) -> bool:
+    """
+    Check if ``p`` represents a point on the edwards25519 curve, in canonical
+    form, on the main subgroup, and that the point doesn't have a small order.
+
+    :param p: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+              representing a point on the edwards25519 curve
+    :type p: bytes
+    :return: point validity
+    :rtype: bool
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(p, bytes) and len(p) == crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES,
+        "Point must be a crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES long bytes sequence",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_core_ed25519_is_valid_point(p)
+    return rc == 1
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_add(p: bytes, q: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Add two points on the edwards25519 curve.
+
+    :param p: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+              representing a point on the edwards25519 curve
+    :type p: bytes
+    :param q: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+              representing a point on the edwards25519 curve
+    :type q: bytes
+    :return: a point on the edwards25519 curve represented as
+             a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(p, bytes)
+        and isinstance(q, bytes)
+        and len(p) == crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES
+        and len(q) == crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES,
+        "Each point must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    r = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_core_ed25519_add(r, p, q)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(r, crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_sub(p: bytes, q: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Subtract a point from another on the edwards25519 curve.
+
+    :param p: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+              representing a point on the edwards25519 curve
+    :type p: bytes
+    :param q: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+              representing a point on the edwards25519 curve
+    :type q: bytes
+    :return: a point on the edwards25519 curve represented as
+             a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(p, bytes)
+        and isinstance(q, bytes)
+        and len(p) == crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES
+        and len(q) == crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES,
+        "Each point must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    r = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_core_ed25519_sub(r, p, q)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(r, crypto_core_ed25519_BYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_invert(s: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Return the multiplicative inverse of integer ``s`` modulo ``L``,
+    i.e an integer ``i`` such that ``s * i = 1 (mod L)``, where ``L``
+    is the order of the main subgroup.
+
+    Raises a ``exc.RuntimeError`` if ``s`` is the integer zero.
+
+    :param s: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type s: bytes
+    :return: an integer represented as a
+              :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(s, bytes) and len(s) == crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Integer s must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    r = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_invert(r, s)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(r, crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_negate(s: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Return the integer ``n`` such that ``s + n = 0 (mod L)``, where ``L``
+    is the order of the main subgroup.
+
+    :param s: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type s: bytes
+    :return: an integer represented as a
+              :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(s, bytes) and len(s) == crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Integer s must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    r = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)
+
+    lib.crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_negate(r, s)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(r, crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_complement(s: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Return the complement of integer ``s`` modulo ``L``, i.e. an integer
+    ``c`` such that ``s + c = 1 (mod L)``, where ``L`` is the order of
+    the main subgroup.
+
+    :param s: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type s: bytes
+    :return: an integer represented as a
+              :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(s, bytes) and len(s) == crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Integer s must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    r = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)
+
+    lib.crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_complement(r, s)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(r, crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_add(p: bytes, q: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Add integers ``p`` and ``q`` modulo ``L``, where ``L`` is the order of
+    the main subgroup.
+
+    :param p: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type p: bytes
+    :param q: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type q: bytes
+    :return: an integer represented as a
+              :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(p, bytes)
+        and isinstance(q, bytes)
+        and len(p) == crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES
+        and len(q) == crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Each integer must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    r = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)
+
+    lib.crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_add(r, p, q)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(r, crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_sub(p: bytes, q: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Subtract integers ``p`` and ``q`` modulo ``L``, where ``L`` is the
+    order of the main subgroup.
+
+    :param p: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type p: bytes
+    :param q: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type q: bytes
+    :return: an integer represented as a
+              :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(p, bytes)
+        and isinstance(q, bytes)
+        and len(p) == crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES
+        and len(q) == crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Each integer must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    r = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)
+
+    lib.crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_sub(r, p, q)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(r, crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_mul(p: bytes, q: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Multiply integers ``p`` and ``q`` modulo ``L``, where ``L`` is the
+    order of the main subgroup.
+
+    :param p: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type p: bytes
+    :param q: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type q: bytes
+    :return: an integer represented as a
+              :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(p, bytes)
+        and isinstance(q, bytes)
+        and len(p) == crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES
+        and len(q) == crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Each integer must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    r = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)
+
+    lib.crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_mul(r, p, q)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(r, crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_reduce(s: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Reduce integer ``s`` to ``s`` modulo ``L``, where ``L`` is the order
+    of the main subgroup.
+
+    :param s: a :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_NONREDUCEDSCALARBYTES`
+              long bytes sequence representing an integer
+    :type s: bytes
+    :return: an integer represented as a
+              :py:data:`.crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_core_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(s, bytes)
+        and len(s) == crypto_core_ed25519_NONREDUCEDSCALARBYTES,
+        "Integer s must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_core_ed25519_NONREDUCEDSCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    r = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)
+
+    lib.crypto_core_ed25519_scalar_reduce(r, s)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(r, crypto_core_ed25519_SCALARBYTES)[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_generichash.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_generichash.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ab385a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_generichash.py
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+# Copyright 2013-2019 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import NoReturn, TypeVar
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+crypto_generichash_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_bytes()
+crypto_generichash_BYTES_MIN: int = lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_bytes_min()
+crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX: int = lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_bytes_max()
+crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES: int = lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_keybytes()
+crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MIN: int = (
+    lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_keybytes_min()
+)
+crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_keybytes_max()
+)
+crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES: int = lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_saltbytes()
+crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_personalbytes()
+)
+crypto_generichash_STATEBYTES: int = lib.crypto_generichash_statebytes()
+
+_OVERLONG = "{0} length greater than {1} bytes"
+_TOOBIG = "{0} greater than {1}"
+
+
+def _checkparams(
+    digest_size: int, key: bytes, salt: bytes, person: bytes
+) -> None:
+    """Check hash parameters"""
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(key, bytes),
+        "Key must be a bytes sequence",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(salt, bytes),
+        "Salt must be a bytes sequence",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(person, bytes),
+        "Person must be a bytes sequence",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(digest_size, int),
+        "Digest size must be an integer number",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        digest_size <= crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX,
+        _TOOBIG.format("Digest_size", crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        len(key) <= crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MAX,
+        _OVERLONG.format("Key", crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MAX),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        len(salt) <= crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES,
+        _OVERLONG.format("Salt", crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        len(person) <= crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES,
+        _OVERLONG.format("Person", crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+
+def generichash_blake2b_salt_personal(
+    data: bytes,
+    digest_size: int = crypto_generichash_BYTES,
+    key: bytes = b"",
+    salt: bytes = b"",
+    person: bytes = b"",
+) -> bytes:
+    """One shot hash interface
+
+    :param data: the input data to the hash function
+    :type data: bytes
+    :param digest_size: must be at most
+                        :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX`;
+                        the default digest size is
+                        :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_BYTES`
+    :type digest_size: int
+    :param key: must be at most
+                :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MAX` long
+    :type key: bytes
+    :param salt: must be at most
+                 :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES` long;
+                 will be zero-padded if needed
+    :type salt: bytes
+    :param person: must be at most
+                   :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES` long:
+                   will be zero-padded if needed
+    :type person: bytes
+    :return: digest_size long digest
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+
+    _checkparams(digest_size, key, salt, person)
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(data, bytes),
+        "Input data must be a bytes sequence",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    digest = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", digest_size)
+
+    # both _salt and _personal must be zero-padded to the correct length
+    _salt = ffi.new("unsigned char []", crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES)
+    _person = ffi.new("unsigned char []", crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES)
+
+    ffi.memmove(_salt, salt, len(salt))
+    ffi.memmove(_person, person, len(person))
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_salt_personal(
+        digest, digest_size, data, len(data), key, len(key), _salt, _person
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected failure", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(digest, digest_size)[:]
+
+
+_Blake2State = TypeVar("_Blake2State", bound="Blake2State")
+
+
+class Blake2State:
+    """
+    Python-level wrapper for the crypto_generichash_blake2b state buffer
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["_statebuf", "digest_size"]
+
+    def __init__(self, digest_size: int):
+        self._statebuf = ffi.new(
+            "unsigned char[]", crypto_generichash_STATEBYTES
+        )
+        self.digest_size = digest_size
+
+    def __reduce__(self) -> NoReturn:
+        """
+        Raise the same exception as hashlib's blake implementation
+        on copy.copy()
+        """
+        raise TypeError(
+            "can't pickle {} objects".format(self.__class__.__name__)
+        )
+
+    def copy(self: _Blake2State) -> _Blake2State:
+        _st = self.__class__(self.digest_size)
+        ffi.memmove(
+            _st._statebuf, self._statebuf, crypto_generichash_STATEBYTES
+        )
+        return _st
+
+
+def generichash_blake2b_init(
+    key: bytes = b"",
+    salt: bytes = b"",
+    person: bytes = b"",
+    digest_size: int = crypto_generichash_BYTES,
+) -> Blake2State:
+    """
+    Create a new initialized blake2b hash state
+
+    :param key: must be at most
+                :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MAX` long
+    :type key: bytes
+    :param salt: must be at most
+                 :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES` long;
+                 will be zero-padded if needed
+    :type salt: bytes
+    :param person: must be at most
+                   :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES` long:
+                   will be zero-padded if needed
+    :type person: bytes
+    :param digest_size: must be at most
+                        :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX`;
+                        the default digest size is
+                        :py:data:`.crypto_generichash_BYTES`
+    :type digest_size: int
+    :return: a initialized :py:class:`.Blake2State`
+    :rtype: object
+    """
+
+    _checkparams(digest_size, key, salt, person)
+
+    state = Blake2State(digest_size)
+
+    # both _salt and _personal must be zero-padded to the correct length
+    _salt = ffi.new("unsigned char []", crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES)
+    _person = ffi.new("unsigned char []", crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES)
+
+    ffi.memmove(_salt, salt, len(salt))
+    ffi.memmove(_person, person, len(person))
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_init_salt_personal(
+        state._statebuf, key, len(key), digest_size, _salt, _person
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected failure", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return state
+
+
+def generichash_blake2b_update(state: Blake2State, data: bytes) -> None:
+    """Update the blake2b hash state
+
+    :param state: a initialized Blake2bState object as returned from
+                     :py:func:`.crypto_generichash_blake2b_init`
+    :type state: :py:class:`.Blake2State`
+    :param data:
+    :type data: bytes
+    """
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(state, Blake2State),
+        "State must be a Blake2State object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(data, bytes),
+        "Input data must be a bytes sequence",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_update(
+        state._statebuf, data, len(data)
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected failure", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+
+def generichash_blake2b_final(state: Blake2State) -> bytes:
+    """Finalize the blake2b hash state and return the digest.
+
+    :param state: a initialized Blake2bState object as returned from
+                     :py:func:`.crypto_generichash_blake2b_init`
+    :type state: :py:class:`.Blake2State`
+    :return: the blake2 digest of the passed-in data stream
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(state, Blake2State),
+        "State must be a Blake2State object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    _digest = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX)
+    rc = lib.crypto_generichash_blake2b_final(
+        state._statebuf, _digest, state.digest_size
+    )
+
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected failure", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+    return ffi.buffer(_digest, state.digest_size)[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_hash.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_hash.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2bab399
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_hash.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+# crypto_hash_BYTES = lib.crypto_hash_bytes()
+crypto_hash_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_hash_sha512_bytes()
+crypto_hash_sha256_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_hash_sha256_bytes()
+crypto_hash_sha512_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_hash_sha512_bytes()
+
+
+def crypto_hash(message: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Hashes and returns the message ``message``.
+
+    :param message: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    digest = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_hash_BYTES)
+    rc = lib.crypto_hash(digest, message, len(message))
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+    return ffi.buffer(digest, crypto_hash_BYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_hash_sha256(message: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Hashes and returns the message ``message``.
+
+    :param message: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    digest = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_hash_sha256_BYTES)
+    rc = lib.crypto_hash_sha256(digest, message, len(message))
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+    return ffi.buffer(digest, crypto_hash_sha256_BYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_hash_sha512(message: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Hashes and returns the message ``message``.
+
+    :param message: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    digest = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_hash_sha512_BYTES)
+    rc = lib.crypto_hash_sha512(digest, message, len(message))
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+    return ffi.buffer(digest, crypto_hash_sha512_BYTES)[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_kx.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_kx.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..172a19f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_kx.py
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+# Copyright 2018 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import Tuple
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+__all__ = [
+    "crypto_kx_keypair",
+    "crypto_kx_client_session_keys",
+    "crypto_kx_server_session_keys",
+    "crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES",
+    "crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES",
+    "crypto_kx_SEED_BYTES",
+    "crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES",
+]
+
+"""
+Implementations of client, server key exchange
+"""
+crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_kx_publickeybytes()
+crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_kx_secretkeybytes()
+crypto_kx_SEED_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_kx_seedbytes()
+crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_kx_sessionkeybytes()
+
+
+def crypto_kx_keypair() -> Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
+    """
+    Generate a keypair.
+    This is a duplicate crypto_box_keypair, but
+    is included for api consistency.
+    :return: (public_key, secret_key)
+    :rtype: (bytes, bytes)
+    """
+    public_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES)
+    secret_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES)
+    res = lib.crypto_kx_keypair(public_key, secret_key)
+    ensure(res == 0, "Key generation failed.", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+
+    return (
+        ffi.buffer(public_key, crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES)[:],
+        ffi.buffer(secret_key, crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES)[:],
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_kx_seed_keypair(seed: bytes) -> Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
+    """
+    Generate a keypair with a given seed.
+    This is functionally the same as crypto_box_seed_keypair, however
+    it uses the blake2b hash primitive instead of sha512.
+    It is included mainly for api consistency when using crypto_kx.
+    :param seed: random seed
+    :type seed: bytes
+    :return: (public_key, secret_key)
+    :rtype: (bytes, bytes)
+    """
+    public_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES)
+    secret_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES)
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(seed, bytes) and len(seed) == crypto_kx_SEED_BYTES,
+        "Seed must be a {} byte long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_kx_SEED_BYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    res = lib.crypto_kx_seed_keypair(public_key, secret_key, seed)
+    ensure(res == 0, "Key generation failed.", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+
+    return (
+        ffi.buffer(public_key, crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES)[:],
+        ffi.buffer(secret_key, crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES)[:],
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_kx_client_session_keys(
+    client_public_key: bytes,
+    client_secret_key: bytes,
+    server_public_key: bytes,
+) -> Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
+    """
+    Generate session keys for the client.
+    :param client_public_key:
+    :type client_public_key: bytes
+    :param client_secret_key:
+    :type client_secret_key: bytes
+    :param server_public_key:
+    :type server_public_key: bytes
+    :return: (rx_key, tx_key)
+    :rtype: (bytes, bytes)
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(client_public_key, bytes)
+        and len(client_public_key) == crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES,
+        "Client public key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(client_secret_key, bytes)
+        and len(client_secret_key) == crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES,
+        "Client secret key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(server_public_key, bytes)
+        and len(server_public_key) == crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES,
+        "Server public key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    rx_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES)
+    tx_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES)
+    res = lib.crypto_kx_client_session_keys(
+        rx_key, tx_key, client_public_key, client_secret_key, server_public_key
+    )
+    ensure(
+        res == 0,
+        "Client session key generation failed.",
+        raising=exc.CryptoError,
+    )
+
+    return (
+        ffi.buffer(rx_key, crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES)[:],
+        ffi.buffer(tx_key, crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES)[:],
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_kx_server_session_keys(
+    server_public_key: bytes,
+    server_secret_key: bytes,
+    client_public_key: bytes,
+) -> Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
+    """
+    Generate session keys for the server.
+    :param server_public_key:
+    :type server_public_key: bytes
+    :param server_secret_key:
+    :type server_secret_key: bytes
+    :param client_public_key:
+    :type client_public_key: bytes
+    :return: (rx_key, tx_key)
+    :rtype: (bytes, bytes)
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(server_public_key, bytes)
+        and len(server_public_key) == crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES,
+        "Server public key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(server_secret_key, bytes)
+        and len(server_secret_key) == crypto_kx_SECRET_KEY_BYTES,
+        "Server secret key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(client_public_key, bytes)
+        and len(client_public_key) == crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES,
+        "Client public key must be a {} bytes long bytes sequence".format(
+            crypto_kx_PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    rx_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES)
+    tx_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES)
+    res = lib.crypto_kx_server_session_keys(
+        rx_key, tx_key, server_public_key, server_secret_key, client_public_key
+    )
+    ensure(
+        res == 0,
+        "Server session key generation failed.",
+        raising=exc.CryptoError,
+    )
+
+    return (
+        ffi.buffer(rx_key, crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES)[:],
+        ffi.buffer(tx_key, crypto_kx_SESSION_KEY_BYTES)[:],
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_pwhash.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_pwhash.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c4cc1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_pwhash.py
@@ -0,0 +1,600 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import sys
+from typing import Tuple
+
+import nacl.exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+has_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256 = bool(
+    lib.PYNACL_HAS_CRYPTO_PWHASH_SCRYPTSALSA208SHA256
+)
+
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRPREFIX = b""
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_SALTBYTES = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRBYTES = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MIN = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MAX = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MIN = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MAX = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MIN = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MAX = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MIN = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MAX = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = 0
+crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = 0
+
+if has_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256:
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRPREFIX = ffi.string(
+        ffi.cast("char *", lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_strprefix())
+    )[:]
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_SALTBYTES = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_saltbytes()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRBYTES = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_strbytes()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MIN = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_passwd_min()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MAX = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_passwd_max()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MIN = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_bytes_min()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MAX = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_bytes_max()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MIN = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_memlimit_min()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MAX = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_memlimit_max()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MIN = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_opslimit_min()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MAX = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_opslimit_max()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_opslimit_interactive()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_memlimit_interactive()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_opslimit_sensitive()
+    )
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = (
+        lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_memlimit_sensitive()
+    )
+
+crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2I13: int = lib.crypto_pwhash_alg_argon2i13()
+crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2ID13: int = lib.crypto_pwhash_alg_argon2id13()
+crypto_pwhash_ALG_DEFAULT: int = lib.crypto_pwhash_alg_default()
+
+crypto_pwhash_SALTBYTES: int = lib.crypto_pwhash_saltbytes()
+crypto_pwhash_STRBYTES: int = lib.crypto_pwhash_strbytes()
+
+crypto_pwhash_PASSWD_MIN: int = lib.crypto_pwhash_passwd_min()
+crypto_pwhash_PASSWD_MAX: int = lib.crypto_pwhash_passwd_max()
+crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MIN: int = lib.crypto_pwhash_bytes_min()
+crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MAX: int = lib.crypto_pwhash_bytes_max()
+
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_STRPREFIX: bytes = ffi.string(
+    ffi.cast("char *", lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_strprefix())
+)[:]
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MIN: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_memlimit_min()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_memlimit_max()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MIN: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_opslimit_min()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_opslimit_max()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_opslimit_interactive()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_memlimit_interactive()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_opslimit_moderate()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_memlimit_moderate()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_opslimit_sensitive()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_memlimit_sensitive()
+)
+
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_STRPREFIX: bytes = ffi.string(
+    ffi.cast("char *", lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_strprefix())
+)[:]
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MIN: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_memlimit_min()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_memlimit_max()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MIN: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_opslimit_min()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_opslimit_max()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_opslimit_interactive()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_memlimit_interactive()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_opslimit_moderate()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_memlimit_moderate()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_opslimit_sensitive()
+)
+crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_memlimit_sensitive()
+)
+
+SCRYPT_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = (
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+)
+SCRYPT_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = (
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+)
+SCRYPT_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = (
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+)
+SCRYPT_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = (
+    crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+)
+SCRYPT_SALTBYTES = crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_SALTBYTES
+SCRYPT_STRBYTES = crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRBYTES
+
+SCRYPT_PR_MAX = (1 << 30) - 1
+LOG2_UINT64_MAX = 63
+UINT64_MAX = (1 << 64) - 1
+SCRYPT_MAX_MEM = 32 * (1024 * 1024)
+
+
+def _check_memory_occupation(
+    n: int, r: int, p: int, maxmem: int = SCRYPT_MAX_MEM
+) -> None:
+    ensure(r != 0, "Invalid block size", raising=exc.ValueError)
+
+    ensure(p != 0, "Invalid parallelization factor", raising=exc.ValueError)
+
+    ensure(
+        (n & (n - 1)) == 0,
+        "Cost factor must be a power of 2",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(n > 1, "Cost factor must be at least 2", raising=exc.ValueError)
+
+    ensure(
+        p <= SCRYPT_PR_MAX / r,
+        "p*r is greater than {}".format(SCRYPT_PR_MAX),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(n < (1 << (16 * r)), raising=exc.ValueError)
+
+    Blen = p * 128 * r
+
+    i = UINT64_MAX / 128
+
+    ensure(n + 2 <= i / r, raising=exc.ValueError)
+
+    Vlen = 32 * r * (n + 2) * 4
+
+    ensure(Blen <= UINT64_MAX - Vlen, raising=exc.ValueError)
+
+    ensure(Blen <= sys.maxsize - Vlen, raising=exc.ValueError)
+
+    ensure(
+        Blen + Vlen <= maxmem,
+        "Memory limit would be exceeded with the choosen n, r, p",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+
+def nacl_bindings_pick_scrypt_params(
+    opslimit: int, memlimit: int
+) -> Tuple[int, int, int]:
+    """Python implementation of libsodium's pickparams"""
+
+    if opslimit < 32768:
+        opslimit = 32768
+
+    r = 8
+
+    if opslimit < (memlimit // 32):
+        p = 1
+        maxn = opslimit // (4 * r)
+        for n_log2 in range(1, 63):  # pragma: no branch
+            if (2 ** n_log2) > (maxn // 2):
+                break
+    else:
+        maxn = memlimit // (r * 128)
+        for n_log2 in range(1, 63):  # pragma: no branch
+            if (2 ** n_log2) > maxn // 2:
+                break
+
+        maxrp = (opslimit // 4) // (2 ** n_log2)
+
+        if maxrp > 0x3FFFFFFF:  # pragma: no cover
+            maxrp = 0x3FFFFFFF
+
+        p = maxrp // r
+
+    return n_log2, r, p
+
+
+def crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_ll(
+    passwd: bytes,
+    salt: bytes,
+    n: int,
+    r: int,
+    p: int,
+    dklen: int = 64,
+    maxmem: int = SCRYPT_MAX_MEM,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Derive a cryptographic key using the ``passwd`` and ``salt``
+    given as input.
+
+    The work factor can be tuned by by picking different
+    values for the parameters
+
+    :param bytes passwd:
+    :param bytes salt:
+    :param bytes salt: *must* be *exactly* :py:const:`.SALTBYTES` long
+    :param int dklen:
+    :param int opslimit:
+    :param int n:
+    :param int r: block size,
+    :param int p: the parallelism factor
+    :param int maxmem: the maximum available memory available for scrypt's
+                       operations
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(isinstance(n, int), raising=TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(r, int), raising=TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(p, int), raising=TypeError)
+
+    ensure(isinstance(passwd, bytes), raising=TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(salt, bytes), raising=TypeError)
+
+    _check_memory_occupation(n, r, p, maxmem)
+
+    buf = ffi.new("uint8_t[]", dklen)
+
+    ret = lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_ll(
+        passwd, len(passwd), salt, len(salt), n, r, p, buf, dklen
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        ret == 0,
+        "Unexpected failure in key derivation",
+        raising=exc.RuntimeError,
+    )
+
+    return ffi.buffer(ffi.cast("char *", buf), dklen)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str(
+    passwd: bytes,
+    opslimit: int = SCRYPT_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    memlimit: int = SCRYPT_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Derive a cryptographic key using the ``passwd`` and ``salt``
+    given as input, returning a string representation which includes
+    the salt and the tuning parameters.
+
+    The returned string can be directly stored as a password hash.
+
+    See :py:func:`.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256` for a short
+    discussion about ``opslimit`` and ``memlimit`` values.
+
+    :param bytes passwd:
+    :param int opslimit:
+    :param int memlimit:
+    :return: serialized key hash, including salt and tuning parameters
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    buf = ffi.new("char[]", SCRYPT_STRBYTES)
+
+    ret = lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str(
+        buf, passwd, len(passwd), opslimit, memlimit
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        ret == 0,
+        "Unexpected failure in password hashing",
+        raising=exc.RuntimeError,
+    )
+
+    return ffi.string(buf)
+
+
+def crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str_verify(
+    passwd_hash: bytes, passwd: bytes
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Verifies the ``passwd`` against the ``passwd_hash`` that was generated.
+    Returns True or False depending on the success
+
+    :param passwd_hash: bytes
+    :param passwd: bytes
+    :rtype: boolean
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        len(passwd_hash) == SCRYPT_STRBYTES - 1,
+        "Invalid password hash",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ret = lib.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str_verify(
+        passwd_hash, passwd, len(passwd)
+    )
+    ensure(ret == 0, "Wrong password", raising=exc.InvalidkeyError)
+    # all went well, therefore:
+    return True
+
+
+def _check_argon2_limits_alg(opslimit: int, memlimit: int, alg: int) -> None:
+
+    if alg == crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2I13:
+        if memlimit < crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MIN:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "memlimit must be at least {} bytes".format(
+                    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MIN
+                )
+            )
+        elif memlimit > crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MAX:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "memlimit must be at most {} bytes".format(
+                    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MAX
+                )
+            )
+        if opslimit < crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MIN:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "opslimit must be at least {}".format(
+                    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MIN
+                )
+            )
+        elif opslimit > crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MAX:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "opslimit must be at most {}".format(
+                    crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MAX
+                )
+            )
+
+    elif alg == crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2ID13:
+        if memlimit < crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MIN:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "memlimit must be at least {} bytes".format(
+                    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MIN
+                )
+            )
+        elif memlimit > crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MAX:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "memlimit must be at most {} bytes".format(
+                    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MAX
+                )
+            )
+        if opslimit < crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MIN:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "opslimit must be at least {}".format(
+                    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MIN
+                )
+            )
+        elif opslimit > crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MAX:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "opslimit must be at most {}".format(
+                    crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MAX
+                )
+            )
+    else:
+        raise exc.TypeError("Unsupported algorithm")
+
+
+def crypto_pwhash_alg(
+    outlen: int,
+    passwd: bytes,
+    salt: bytes,
+    opslimit: int,
+    memlimit: int,
+    alg: int,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Derive a raw cryptographic key using the ``passwd`` and the ``salt``
+    given as input to the ``alg`` algorithm.
+
+    :param outlen: the length of the derived key
+    :type outlen: int
+    :param passwd: The input password
+    :type passwd: bytes
+    :param salt:
+    :type salt: bytes
+    :param opslimit: computational cost
+    :type opslimit: int
+    :param memlimit: memory cost
+    :type memlimit: int
+    :param alg: algorithm identifier
+    :type alg: int
+    :return: derived key
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(isinstance(outlen, int), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(opslimit, int), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(memlimit, int), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(alg, int), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(passwd, bytes), raising=exc.TypeError)
+
+    if len(salt) != crypto_pwhash_SALTBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError(
+            "salt must be exactly {} bytes long".format(
+                crypto_pwhash_SALTBYTES
+            )
+        )
+
+    if outlen < crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MIN:
+        raise exc.ValueError(
+            "derived key must be at least {} bytes long".format(
+                crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MIN
+            )
+        )
+
+    elif outlen > crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MAX:
+        raise exc.ValueError(
+            "derived key must be at most {} bytes long".format(
+                crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MAX
+            )
+        )
+
+    _check_argon2_limits_alg(opslimit, memlimit, alg)
+
+    outbuf = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", outlen)
+
+    ret = lib.crypto_pwhash(
+        outbuf, outlen, passwd, len(passwd), salt, opslimit, memlimit, alg
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        ret == 0,
+        "Unexpected failure in key derivation",
+        raising=exc.RuntimeError,
+    )
+
+    return ffi.buffer(outbuf, outlen)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_pwhash_str_alg(
+    passwd: bytes,
+    opslimit: int,
+    memlimit: int,
+    alg: int,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Derive a cryptographic key using the ``passwd`` given as input
+    and a random salt, returning a string representation which
+    includes the salt, the tuning parameters and the used algorithm.
+
+    :param passwd: The input password
+    :type passwd: bytes
+    :param opslimit: computational cost
+    :type opslimit: int
+    :param memlimit: memory cost
+    :type memlimit: int
+    :param alg: The algorithm to use
+    :type alg: int
+    :return: serialized derived key and parameters
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(isinstance(opslimit, int), raising=TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(memlimit, int), raising=TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(passwd, bytes), raising=TypeError)
+
+    _check_argon2_limits_alg(opslimit, memlimit, alg)
+
+    outbuf = ffi.new("char[]", 128)
+
+    ret = lib.crypto_pwhash_str_alg(
+        outbuf, passwd, len(passwd), opslimit, memlimit, alg
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        ret == 0,
+        "Unexpected failure in key derivation",
+        raising=exc.RuntimeError,
+    )
+
+    return ffi.string(outbuf)
+
+
+def crypto_pwhash_str_verify(passwd_hash: bytes, passwd: bytes) -> bool:
+    """
+    Verifies the ``passwd`` against a given password hash.
+
+    Returns True on success, raises InvalidkeyError on failure
+    :param passwd_hash: saved password hash
+    :type passwd_hash: bytes
+    :param passwd: password to be checked
+    :type passwd: bytes
+    :return: success
+    :rtype: boolean
+    """
+    ensure(isinstance(passwd_hash, bytes), raising=TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(passwd, bytes), raising=TypeError)
+    ensure(
+        len(passwd_hash) <= 127,
+        "Hash must be at most 127 bytes long",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    ret = lib.crypto_pwhash_str_verify(passwd_hash, passwd, len(passwd))
+
+    ensure(ret == 0, "Wrong password", raising=exc.InvalidkeyError)
+    # all went well, therefore:
+    return True
+
+
+crypto_pwhash_argon2i_str_verify = crypto_pwhash_str_verify
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_scalarmult.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_scalarmult.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca4a281
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_scalarmult.py
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+# Copyright 2013-2018 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+has_crypto_scalarmult_ed25519 = bool(lib.PYNACL_HAS_CRYPTO_SCALARMULT_ED25519)
+
+crypto_scalarmult_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_scalarmult_bytes()
+crypto_scalarmult_SCALARBYTES: int = lib.crypto_scalarmult_scalarbytes()
+
+crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES = 0
+crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES = 0
+
+if has_crypto_scalarmult_ed25519:
+    crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES = lib.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_bytes()
+    crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES = (
+        lib.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_scalarbytes()
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_scalarmult_base(n: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Computes and returns the scalar product of a standard group element and an
+    integer ``n``.
+
+    :param n: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    q = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_scalarmult_BYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_scalarmult_base(q, n)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(q, crypto_scalarmult_SCALARBYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_scalarmult(n: bytes, p: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Computes and returns the scalar product of the given group element and an
+    integer ``n``.
+
+    :param p: bytes
+    :param n: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    q = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_scalarmult_BYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_scalarmult(q, n, p)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(q, crypto_scalarmult_SCALARBYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_base(n: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Computes and returns the scalar product of a standard group element and an
+    integer ``n`` on the edwards25519 curve.
+
+    :param n: a :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes
+              sequence representing a scalar
+    :type n: bytes
+    :return: a point on the edwards25519 curve, represented as a
+             :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_scalarmult_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(n, bytes)
+        and len(n) == crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Input must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    q = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_base(q, n)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(q, crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_base_noclamp(n: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Computes and returns the scalar product of a standard group element and an
+    integer ``n`` on the edwards25519 curve. The integer ``n`` is not clamped.
+
+    :param n: a :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes
+              sequence representing a scalar
+    :type n: bytes
+    :return: a point on the edwards25519 curve, represented as a
+             :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_scalarmult_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(n, bytes)
+        and len(n) == crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Input must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    q = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_base_noclamp(q, n)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(q, crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_scalarmult_ed25519(n: bytes, p: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Computes and returns the scalar product of a *clamped* integer ``n``
+    and the given group element on the edwards25519 curve.
+    The scalar is clamped, as done in the public key generation case,
+    by setting to zero the bits in position [0, 1, 2, 255] and setting
+    to one the bit in position 254.
+
+    :param n: a :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes
+              sequence representing a scalar
+    :type n: bytes
+    :param p: a :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+              representing a point on the edwards25519 curve
+    :type p: bytes
+    :return: a point on the edwards25519 curve, represented as a
+             :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_scalarmult_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(n, bytes)
+        and len(n) == crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Input must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(p, bytes) and len(p) == crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES,
+        "Input must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    q = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519(q, n, p)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(q, crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_noclamp(n: bytes, p: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Computes and returns the scalar product of an integer ``n``
+    and the given group element on the edwards25519 curve. The integer
+    ``n`` is not clamped.
+
+    :param n: a :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES` long bytes
+              sequence representing a scalar
+    :type n: bytes
+    :param p: a :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+              representing a point on the edwards25519 curve
+    :type p: bytes
+    :return: a point on the edwards25519 curve, represented as a
+             :py:data:`.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES` long bytes sequence
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_scalarmult_ed25519,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(n, bytes)
+        and len(n) == crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES,
+        "Input must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_SCALARBYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(p, bytes) and len(p) == crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES,
+        "Input must be a {} long bytes sequence".format(
+            "crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    q = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_noclamp(q, n, p)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(q, crypto_scalarmult_ed25519_BYTES)[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_secretbox.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_secretbox.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a632a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_secretbox.py
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+crypto_secretbox_KEYBYTES: int = lib.crypto_secretbox_keybytes()
+crypto_secretbox_NONCEBYTES: int = lib.crypto_secretbox_noncebytes()
+crypto_secretbox_ZEROBYTES: int = lib.crypto_secretbox_zerobytes()
+crypto_secretbox_BOXZEROBYTES: int = lib.crypto_secretbox_boxzerobytes()
+crypto_secretbox_MACBYTES: int = lib.crypto_secretbox_macbytes()
+crypto_secretbox_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretbox_messagebytes_max()
+)
+
+
+def crypto_secretbox(message: bytes, nonce: bytes, key: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Encrypts and returns the message ``message`` with the secret ``key`` and
+    the nonce ``nonce``.
+
+    :param message: bytes
+    :param nonce: bytes
+    :param key: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(key) != crypto_secretbox_KEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid key")
+
+    if len(nonce) != crypto_secretbox_NONCEBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid nonce")
+
+    padded = b"\x00" * crypto_secretbox_ZEROBYTES + message
+    ciphertext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", len(padded))
+
+    res = lib.crypto_secretbox(ciphertext, padded, len(padded), nonce, key)
+    ensure(res == 0, "Encryption failed", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+
+    ciphertext = ffi.buffer(ciphertext, len(padded))
+    return ciphertext[crypto_secretbox_BOXZEROBYTES:]
+
+
+def crypto_secretbox_open(
+    ciphertext: bytes, nonce: bytes, key: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Decrypt and returns the encrypted message ``ciphertext`` with the secret
+    ``key`` and the nonce ``nonce``.
+
+    :param ciphertext: bytes
+    :param nonce: bytes
+    :param key: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(key) != crypto_secretbox_KEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid key")
+
+    if len(nonce) != crypto_secretbox_NONCEBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid nonce")
+
+    padded = b"\x00" * crypto_secretbox_BOXZEROBYTES + ciphertext
+    plaintext = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", len(padded))
+
+    res = lib.crypto_secretbox_open(plaintext, padded, len(padded), nonce, key)
+    ensure(
+        res == 0,
+        "Decryption failed. Ciphertext failed verification",
+        raising=exc.CryptoError,
+    )
+
+    plaintext = ffi.buffer(plaintext, len(padded))
+    return plaintext[crypto_secretbox_ZEROBYTES:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_secretstream.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_secretstream.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7c6725
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_secretstream.py
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+# Copyright 2013-2018 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import ByteString, Optional, Tuple, cast
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_abytes()
+)
+crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_HEADERBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_headerbytes()
+)
+crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_keybytes()
+)
+crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_messagebytes_max()
+)
+crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_STATEBYTES: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_statebytes()
+)
+
+
+crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_MESSAGE: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_tag_message()
+)
+crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_PUSH: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_tag_push()
+)
+crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_REKEY: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_tag_rekey()
+)
+crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_FINAL: int = (
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_tag_final()
+)
+
+
+def crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_keygen() -> bytes:
+    """
+    Generate a key for use with
+    :func:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push`.
+
+    """
+    keybuf = ffi.new(
+        "unsigned char[]",
+        crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES,
+    )
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_keygen(keybuf)
+    return ffi.buffer(keybuf)[:]
+
+
+class crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state:
+    """
+    An object wrapping the crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305 state.
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["statebuf", "rawbuf", "tagbuf"]
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        """Initialize a clean state object."""
+        self.statebuf: ByteString = ffi.new(
+            "unsigned char[]",
+            crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_STATEBYTES,
+        )
+
+        self.rawbuf: Optional[ByteString] = None
+        self.tagbuf: Optional[ByteString] = None
+
+
+def crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push(
+    state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state, key: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Initialize a crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305 encryption buffer.
+
+    :param state: a secretstream state object
+    :type state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state
+    :param key: must be
+                :data:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES` long
+    :type key: bytes
+    :return: header
+    :rtype: bytes
+
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(state, crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state),
+        "State must be a crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(key, bytes),
+        "Key must be a bytes sequence",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        len(key) == crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES,
+        "Invalid key length",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    headerbuf = ffi.new(
+        "unsigned char []",
+        crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_HEADERBYTES,
+    )
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push(
+        state.statebuf, headerbuf, key
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected failure", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(headerbuf)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_push(
+    state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state,
+    m: bytes,
+    ad: Optional[bytes] = None,
+    tag: int = crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_MESSAGE,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Add an encrypted message to the secret stream.
+
+    :param state: a secretstream state object
+    :type state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state
+    :param m: the message to encrypt, the maximum length of an individual
+              message is
+              :data:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX`.
+    :type m: bytes
+    :param ad: additional data to include in the authentication tag
+    :type ad: bytes or None
+    :param tag: the message tag, usually
+                :data:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_MESSAGE` or
+                :data:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_FINAL`.
+    :type tag: int
+    :return: ciphertext
+    :rtype: bytes
+
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(state, crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state),
+        "State must be a crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(isinstance(m, bytes), "Message is not bytes", raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ensure(
+        len(m) <= crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX,
+        "Message is too long",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        ad is None or isinstance(ad, bytes),
+        "Additional data must be bytes or None",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    clen = len(m) + crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES
+    if state.rawbuf is None or len(state.rawbuf) < clen:
+        state.rawbuf = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", clen)
+
+    if ad is None:
+        ad = ffi.NULL
+        adlen = 0
+    else:
+        adlen = len(ad)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_push(
+        state.statebuf,
+        state.rawbuf,
+        ffi.NULL,
+        m,
+        len(m),
+        ad,
+        adlen,
+        tag,
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected failure", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(state.rawbuf, clen)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull(
+    state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state,
+    header: bytes,
+    key: bytes,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Initialize a crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305 decryption buffer.
+
+    :param state: a secretstream state object
+    :type state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state
+    :param header: must be
+                :data:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_HEADERBYTES` long
+    :type header: bytes
+    :param key: must be
+                :data:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES` long
+    :type key: bytes
+
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(state, crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state),
+        "State must be a crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(header, bytes),
+        "Header must be a bytes sequence",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        len(header) == crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_HEADERBYTES,
+        "Invalid header length",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(key, bytes),
+        "Key must be a bytes sequence",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        len(key) == crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES,
+        "Invalid key length",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    if state.tagbuf is None:
+        state.tagbuf = ffi.new("unsigned char *")
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull(
+        state.statebuf, header, key
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected failure", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+
+def crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_pull(
+    state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state,
+    c: bytes,
+    ad: Optional[bytes] = None,
+) -> Tuple[bytes, int]:
+    """
+    Read a decrypted message from the secret stream.
+
+    :param state: a secretstream state object
+    :type state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state
+    :param c: the ciphertext to decrypt, the maximum length of an individual
+              ciphertext is
+              :data:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX` +
+              :data:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES`.
+    :type c: bytes
+    :param ad: additional data to include in the authentication tag
+    :type ad: bytes or None
+    :return: (message, tag)
+    :rtype: (bytes, int)
+
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(state, crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state),
+        "State must be a crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        state.tagbuf is not None,
+        (
+            "State must be initialized using "
+            "crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull"
+        ),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(c, bytes),
+        "Ciphertext is not bytes",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        len(c) >= crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES,
+        "Ciphertext is too short",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        len(c)
+        <= (
+            crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX
+            + crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES
+        ),
+        "Ciphertext is too long",
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        ad is None or isinstance(ad, bytes),
+        "Additional data must be bytes or None",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+
+    mlen = len(c) - crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES
+    if state.rawbuf is None or len(state.rawbuf) < mlen:
+        state.rawbuf = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", mlen)
+
+    if ad is None:
+        ad = ffi.NULL
+        adlen = 0
+    else:
+        adlen = len(ad)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_pull(
+        state.statebuf,
+        state.rawbuf,
+        ffi.NULL,
+        state.tagbuf,
+        c,
+        len(c),
+        ad,
+        adlen,
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected failure", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    # Cast safety: we `ensure` above that `state.tagbuf is not None`.
+    return (
+        ffi.buffer(state.rawbuf, mlen)[:],
+        int(cast(bytes, state.tagbuf)[0]),
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey(
+    state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Explicitly change the encryption key in the stream.
+
+    Normally the stream is re-keyed as needed or an explicit ``tag`` of
+    :data:`.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_REKEY` is added to a
+    message to ensure forward secrecy, but this method can be used instead
+    if the re-keying is controlled without adding the tag.
+
+    :param state: a secretstream state object
+    :type state: crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state
+
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(state, crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state),
+        "State must be a crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_state object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    lib.crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey(state.statebuf)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_shorthash.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_shorthash.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f7d209
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_shorthash.py
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# Copyright 2016 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+import nacl.exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+has_crypto_shorthash_siphashx24 = bool(
+    lib.PYNACL_HAS_CRYPTO_SHORTHASH_SIPHASHX24
+)
+
+BYTES: int = lib.crypto_shorthash_siphash24_bytes()
+KEYBYTES: int = lib.crypto_shorthash_siphash24_keybytes()
+
+XBYTES = 0
+XKEYBYTES = 0
+
+if has_crypto_shorthash_siphashx24:
+    XBYTES = lib.crypto_shorthash_siphashx24_bytes()
+    XKEYBYTES = lib.crypto_shorthash_siphashx24_keybytes()
+
+
+def crypto_shorthash_siphash24(data: bytes, key: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """Compute a fast, cryptographic quality, keyed hash of the input data
+
+    :param data:
+    :type data: bytes
+    :param key: len(key) must be equal to
+                :py:data:`.KEYBYTES` (16)
+    :type key: bytes
+    """
+    if len(key) != KEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError(
+            "Key length must be exactly {} bytes".format(KEYBYTES)
+        )
+    digest = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", BYTES)
+    rc = lib.crypto_shorthash_siphash24(digest, data, len(data), key)
+
+    ensure(rc == 0, raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+    return ffi.buffer(digest, BYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_shorthash_siphashx24(data: bytes, key: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """Compute a fast, cryptographic quality, keyed hash of the input data
+
+    :param data:
+    :type data: bytes
+    :param key: len(key) must be equal to
+                :py:data:`.XKEYBYTES` (16)
+    :type key: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+    """
+    ensure(
+        has_crypto_shorthash_siphashx24,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    if len(key) != XKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError(
+            "Key length must be exactly {} bytes".format(XKEYBYTES)
+        )
+    digest = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", XBYTES)
+    rc = lib.crypto_shorthash_siphashx24(digest, data, len(data), key)
+
+    ensure(rc == 0, raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+    return ffi.buffer(digest, XBYTES)[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_sign.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_sign.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de3be47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/crypto_sign.py
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import Tuple
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+crypto_sign_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_sign_bytes()
+# crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES = lib.crypto_sign_seedbytes()
+crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES: int = lib.crypto_sign_secretkeybytes() // 2
+crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES: int = lib.crypto_sign_publickeybytes()
+crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES: int = lib.crypto_sign_secretkeybytes()
+
+crypto_sign_curve25519_BYTES: int = lib.crypto_box_secretkeybytes()
+
+crypto_sign_ed25519ph_STATEBYTES: int = lib.crypto_sign_ed25519ph_statebytes()
+
+
+def crypto_sign_keypair() -> Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
+    """
+    Returns a randomly generated public key and secret key.
+
+    :rtype: (bytes(public_key), bytes(secret_key))
+    """
+    pk = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES)
+    sk = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_sign_keypair(pk, sk)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return (
+        ffi.buffer(pk, crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES)[:],
+        ffi.buffer(sk, crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES)[:],
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_sign_seed_keypair(seed: bytes) -> Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
+    """
+    Computes and returns the public key and secret key using the seed ``seed``.
+
+    :param seed: bytes
+    :rtype: (bytes(public_key), bytes(secret_key))
+    """
+    if len(seed) != crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid seed")
+
+    pk = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES)
+    sk = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_sign_seed_keypair(pk, sk, seed)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return (
+        ffi.buffer(pk, crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES)[:],
+        ffi.buffer(sk, crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES)[:],
+    )
+
+
+def crypto_sign(message: bytes, sk: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Signs the message ``message`` using the secret key ``sk`` and returns the
+    signed message.
+
+    :param message: bytes
+    :param sk: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    signed = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", len(message) + crypto_sign_BYTES)
+    signed_len = ffi.new("unsigned long long *")
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_sign(signed, signed_len, message, len(message), sk)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(signed, signed_len[0])[:]
+
+
+def crypto_sign_open(signed: bytes, pk: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Verifies the signature of the signed message ``signed`` using the public
+    key ``pk`` and returns the unsigned message.
+
+    :param signed: bytes
+    :param pk: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    message = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", len(signed))
+    message_len = ffi.new("unsigned long long *")
+
+    if (
+        lib.crypto_sign_open(message, message_len, signed, len(signed), pk)
+        != 0
+    ):
+        raise exc.BadSignatureError("Signature was forged or corrupt")
+
+    return ffi.buffer(message, message_len[0])[:]
+
+
+def crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519(public_key_bytes: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Converts a public Ed25519 key (encoded as bytes ``public_key_bytes``) to
+    a public Curve25519 key as bytes.
+
+    Raises a ValueError if ``public_key_bytes`` is not of length
+    ``crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES``
+
+    :param public_key_bytes: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(public_key_bytes) != crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid curve public key")
+
+    curve_public_key_len = crypto_sign_curve25519_BYTES
+    curve_public_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", curve_public_key_len)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519(
+        curve_public_key, public_key_bytes
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(curve_public_key, curve_public_key_len)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519(secret_key_bytes: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Converts a secret Ed25519 key (encoded as bytes ``secret_key_bytes``) to
+    a secret Curve25519 key as bytes.
+
+    Raises a ValueError if ``secret_key_bytes``is not of length
+    ``crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES``
+
+    :param secret_key_bytes: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(secret_key_bytes) != crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid curve secret key")
+
+    curve_secret_key_len = crypto_sign_curve25519_BYTES
+    curve_secret_key = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", curve_secret_key_len)
+
+    rc = lib.crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519(
+        curve_secret_key, secret_key_bytes
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(curve_secret_key, curve_secret_key_len)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_pk(secret_key_bytes: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Extract the public Ed25519 key from a secret Ed25519 key (encoded
+    as bytes ``secret_key_bytes``).
+
+    Raises a ValueError if ``secret_key_bytes``is not of length
+    ``crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES``
+
+    :param secret_key_bytes: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(secret_key_bytes) != crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid secret key")
+
+    return secret_key_bytes[crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES:]
+
+
+def crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_seed(secret_key_bytes: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Extract the seed from a secret Ed25519 key (encoded
+    as bytes ``secret_key_bytes``).
+
+    Raises a ValueError if ``secret_key_bytes``is not of length
+    ``crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES``
+
+    :param secret_key_bytes: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(secret_key_bytes) != crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES:
+        raise exc.ValueError("Invalid secret key")
+
+    return secret_key_bytes[:crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES]
+
+
+class crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state:
+    """
+    State object wrapping the sha-512 state used in ed25519ph computation
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["state"]
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.state: bytes = ffi.new(
+            "unsigned char[]", crypto_sign_ed25519ph_STATEBYTES
+        )
+
+        rc = lib.crypto_sign_ed25519ph_init(self.state)
+
+        ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+
+def crypto_sign_ed25519ph_update(
+    edph: crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state, pmsg: bytes
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Update the hash state wrapped in edph
+
+    :param edph: the ed25519ph state being updated
+    :type edph: crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state
+    :param pmsg: the partial message
+    :type pmsg: bytes
+    :rtype: None
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(edph, crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state),
+        "edph parameter must be a ed25519ph_state object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(pmsg, bytes),
+        "pmsg parameter must be a bytes object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    rc = lib.crypto_sign_ed25519ph_update(edph.state, pmsg, len(pmsg))
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+
+def crypto_sign_ed25519ph_final_create(
+    edph: crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state, sk: bytes
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Create a signature for the data hashed in edph
+    using the secret key sk
+
+    :param edph: the ed25519ph state for the data
+                 being signed
+    :type edph: crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state
+    :param sk: the ed25519 secret part of the signing key
+    :type sk: bytes
+    :return: ed25519ph signature
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(edph, crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state),
+        "edph parameter must be a ed25519ph_state object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(sk, bytes),
+        "secret key parameter must be a bytes object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        len(sk) == crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES,
+        ("secret key must be {} bytes long").format(
+            crypto_sign_SECRETKEYBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    signature = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", crypto_sign_BYTES)
+    rc = lib.crypto_sign_ed25519ph_final_create(
+        edph.state, signature, ffi.NULL, sk
+    )
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Unexpected library error", raising=exc.RuntimeError)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(signature, crypto_sign_BYTES)[:]
+
+
+def crypto_sign_ed25519ph_final_verify(
+    edph: crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state, signature: bytes, pk: bytes
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Verify a prehashed signature using the public key pk
+
+    :param edph: the ed25519ph state for the data
+                 being verified
+    :type edph: crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state
+    :param signature: the signature being verified
+    :type signature: bytes
+    :param pk: the ed25519 public part of the signing key
+    :type pk: bytes
+    :return: True if the signature is valid
+    :rtype: boolean
+    :raises exc.BadSignatureError: if the signature is not valid
+    """
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(edph, crypto_sign_ed25519ph_state),
+        "edph parameter must be a ed25519ph_state object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(signature, bytes),
+        "signature parameter must be a bytes object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        len(signature) == crypto_sign_BYTES,
+        ("signature must be {} bytes long").format(crypto_sign_BYTES),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        isinstance(pk, bytes),
+        "public key parameter must be a bytes object",
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    ensure(
+        len(pk) == crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES,
+        ("public key must be {} bytes long").format(
+            crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES
+        ),
+        raising=exc.TypeError,
+    )
+    rc = lib.crypto_sign_ed25519ph_final_verify(edph.state, signature, pk)
+    if rc != 0:
+        raise exc.BadSignatureError("Signature was forged or corrupt")
+
+    return True
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/randombytes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/randombytes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed76deb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/randombytes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+
+randombytes_SEEDBYTES: int = lib.randombytes_seedbytes()
+
+
+def randombytes(size: int) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Returns ``size`` number of random bytes from a cryptographically secure
+    random source.
+
+    :param size: int
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    buf = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", size)
+    lib.randombytes(buf, size)
+    return ffi.buffer(buf, size)[:]
+
+
+def randombytes_buf_deterministic(size: int, seed: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Returns ``size`` number of deterministically generated pseudorandom bytes
+    from a seed
+
+    :param size: int
+    :param seed: bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    if len(seed) != randombytes_SEEDBYTES:
+        raise exc.TypeError(
+            "Deterministic random bytes must be generated from 32 bytes"
+        )
+
+    buf = ffi.new("unsigned char[]", size)
+    lib.randombytes_buf_deterministic(buf, size, seed)
+    return ffi.buffer(buf, size)[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/sodium_core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/sodium_core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ebb84c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/sodium_core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+def _sodium_init() -> None:
+    ensure(
+        lib.sodium_init() != -1,
+        "Could not initialize sodium",
+        raising=exc.RuntimeError,
+    )
+
+
+def sodium_init() -> None:
+    """
+    Initializes sodium, picking the best implementations available for this
+    machine.
+    """
+    ffi.init_once(_sodium_init, "libsodium")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ff22e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/bindings/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+# Copyright 2013-2017 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import nacl.exceptions as exc
+from nacl._sodium import ffi, lib
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+
+def sodium_memcmp(inp1: bytes, inp2: bytes) -> bool:
+    """
+    Compare contents of two memory regions in constant time
+    """
+    ensure(isinstance(inp1, bytes), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(inp2, bytes), raising=exc.TypeError)
+
+    ln = max(len(inp1), len(inp2))
+
+    buf1 = ffi.new("char []", ln)
+    buf2 = ffi.new("char []", ln)
+
+    ffi.memmove(buf1, inp1, len(inp1))
+    ffi.memmove(buf2, inp2, len(inp2))
+
+    eqL = len(inp1) == len(inp2)
+    eqC = lib.sodium_memcmp(buf1, buf2, ln) == 0
+
+    return eqL and eqC
+
+
+def sodium_pad(s: bytes, blocksize: int) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Pad the input bytearray ``s`` to a multiple of ``blocksize``
+    using the ISO/IEC 7816-4 algorithm
+
+    :param s: input bytes string
+    :type s: bytes
+    :param blocksize:
+    :type blocksize: int
+    :return: padded string
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(isinstance(s, bytes), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(blocksize, int), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    if blocksize <= 0:
+        raise exc.ValueError
+    s_len = len(s)
+    m_len = s_len + blocksize
+    buf = ffi.new("unsigned char []", m_len)
+    p_len = ffi.new("size_t []", 1)
+    ffi.memmove(buf, s, s_len)
+    rc = lib.sodium_pad(p_len, buf, s_len, blocksize, m_len)
+    ensure(rc == 0, "Padding failure", raising=exc.CryptoError)
+    return ffi.buffer(buf, p_len[0])[:]
+
+
+def sodium_unpad(s: bytes, blocksize: int) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Remove ISO/IEC 7816-4 padding from the input byte array ``s``
+
+    :param s: input bytes string
+    :type s: bytes
+    :param blocksize:
+    :type blocksize: int
+    :return: unpadded string
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(isinstance(s, bytes), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(blocksize, int), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    s_len = len(s)
+    u_len = ffi.new("size_t []", 1)
+    rc = lib.sodium_unpad(u_len, s, s_len, blocksize)
+    if rc != 0:
+        raise exc.CryptoError("Unpadding failure")
+    return s[: u_len[0]]
+
+
+def sodium_increment(inp: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Increment the value of a byte-sequence interpreted
+    as the little-endian representation of a unsigned big integer.
+
+    :param inp: input bytes buffer
+    :type inp: bytes
+    :return: a byte-sequence representing, as a little-endian
+             unsigned big integer, the value ``to_int(inp)``
+             incremented by one.
+    :rtype: bytes
+
+    """
+    ensure(isinstance(inp, bytes), raising=exc.TypeError)
+
+    ln = len(inp)
+    buf = ffi.new("unsigned char []", ln)
+
+    ffi.memmove(buf, inp, ln)
+
+    lib.sodium_increment(buf, ln)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(buf, ln)[:]
+
+
+def sodium_add(a: bytes, b: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Given a couple of *same-sized* byte sequences, interpreted as the
+    little-endian representation of two unsigned integers, compute
+    the modular addition of the represented values, in constant time for
+    a given common length of the byte sequences.
+
+    :param a: input bytes buffer
+    :type a: bytes
+    :param b: input bytes buffer
+    :type b: bytes
+    :return: a byte-sequence representing, as a little-endian big integer,
+             the integer value of ``(to_int(a) + to_int(b)) mod 2^(8*len(a))``
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    ensure(isinstance(a, bytes), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ensure(isinstance(b, bytes), raising=exc.TypeError)
+    ln = len(a)
+    ensure(len(b) == ln, raising=exc.TypeError)
+
+    buf_a = ffi.new("unsigned char []", ln)
+    buf_b = ffi.new("unsigned char []", ln)
+
+    ffi.memmove(buf_a, a, ln)
+    ffi.memmove(buf_b, b, ln)
+
+    lib.sodium_add(buf_a, buf_b, ln)
+
+    return ffi.buffer(buf_a, ln)[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/encoding.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/encoding.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6740cfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/encoding.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+import base64
+import binascii
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
+from typing import SupportsBytes, Type
+
+
+# TODO: when the minimum supported version of Python is 3.8, we can import
+# Protocol from typing, and replace Encoder with a Protocol instead.
+class _Encoder(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    @staticmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def encode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        """Transform raw data to encoded data."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def decode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        """Transform encoded data back to raw data.
+
+        Decoding after encoding should be a no-op, i.e. `decode(encode(x)) == x`.
+        """
+
+
+# Functions that use encoders are passed a subclass of _Encoder, not an instance
+# (because the methods are all static). Let's gloss over that detail by defining
+# an alias for Type[_Encoder].
+Encoder = Type[_Encoder]
+
+
+class RawEncoder(_Encoder):
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return data
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def decode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return data
+
+
+class HexEncoder(_Encoder):
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return binascii.hexlify(data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def decode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return binascii.unhexlify(data)
+
+
+class Base16Encoder(_Encoder):
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return base64.b16encode(data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def decode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return base64.b16decode(data)
+
+
+class Base32Encoder(_Encoder):
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return base64.b32encode(data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def decode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return base64.b32decode(data)
+
+
+class Base64Encoder(_Encoder):
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return base64.b64encode(data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def decode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return base64.b64decode(data)
+
+
+class URLSafeBase64Encoder(_Encoder):
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def decode(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return base64.urlsafe_b64decode(data)
+
+
+class Encodable:
+    def encode(self: SupportsBytes, encoder: Encoder = RawEncoder) -> bytes:
+        return encoder.encode(bytes(self))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e321df7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+# We create a clone of various builtin Exception types which additionally
+# inherit from CryptoError. Below, we refer to the parent types via the
+# `builtins` namespace, so mypy can distinguish between (e.g.)
+# `nacl.exceptions.RuntimeError` and `builtins.RuntimeError`.
+import builtins
+from typing import Type
+
+
+class CryptoError(Exception):
+    """
+    Base exception for all nacl related errors
+    """
+
+
+class BadSignatureError(CryptoError):
+    """
+    Raised when the signature was forged or otherwise corrupt.
+    """
+
+
+class RuntimeError(builtins.RuntimeError, CryptoError):
+    pass
+
+
+class AssertionError(builtins.AssertionError, CryptoError):
+    pass
+
+
+class TypeError(builtins.TypeError, CryptoError):
+    pass
+
+
+class ValueError(builtins.ValueError, CryptoError):
+    pass
+
+
+class InvalidkeyError(CryptoError):
+    pass
+
+
+class CryptPrefixError(InvalidkeyError):
+    pass
+
+
+class UnavailableError(RuntimeError):
+    """
+    is a subclass of :class:`~nacl.exceptions.RuntimeError`, raised when
+    trying to call functions not available in a minimal build of
+    libsodium.
+    """
+
+    pass
+
+
+def ensure(cond: bool, *args: object, **kwds: Type[Exception]) -> None:
+    """
+    Return if a condition is true, otherwise raise a caller-configurable
+    :py:class:`Exception`
+    :param bool cond: the condition to be checked
+    :param sequence args: the arguments to be passed to the exception's
+                          constructor
+    The only accepted named parameter is `raising` used to configure the
+    exception to be raised if `cond` is not `True`
+    """
+    _CHK_UNEXP = "check_condition() got an unexpected keyword argument {0}"
+
+    raising = kwds.pop("raising", AssertionError)
+    if kwds:
+        raise TypeError(_CHK_UNEXP.format(repr(kwds.popitem()[0])))
+
+    if cond is True:
+        return
+    raise raising(*args)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/hash.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/hash.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb8cff6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/hash.py
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""
+The :mod:`nacl.hash` module exposes one-shot interfaces
+for libsodium selected hash primitives and the constants needed
+for their usage.
+"""
+
+
+import nacl.bindings
+import nacl.encoding
+
+
+BLAKE2B_BYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_BYTES
+"""Default digest size for :func:`blake2b` hash"""
+BLAKE2B_BYTES_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_BYTES_MIN
+"""Minimum allowed digest size for :func:`blake2b` hash"""
+BLAKE2B_BYTES_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX
+"""Maximum allowed digest size for :func:`blake2b` hash"""
+BLAKE2B_KEYBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES
+"""Default size of the ``key`` byte array for :func:`blake2b` hash"""
+BLAKE2B_KEYBYTES_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MIN
+"""Minimum allowed size of the ``key`` byte array for :func:`blake2b` hash"""
+BLAKE2B_KEYBYTES_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MAX
+"""Maximum allowed size of the ``key`` byte array for :func:`blake2b` hash"""
+BLAKE2B_SALTBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES
+"""Maximum allowed length of the ``salt`` byte array for
+:func:`blake2b` hash"""
+BLAKE2B_PERSONALBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES
+"""Maximum allowed length of the ``personalization``
+byte array for :func:`blake2b` hash"""
+
+SIPHASH_BYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_shorthash_siphash24_BYTES
+"""Size of the :func:`siphash24` digest"""
+SIPHASH_KEYBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_shorthash_siphash24_KEYBYTES
+"""Size of the secret ``key`` used by the :func:`siphash24` MAC"""
+
+SIPHASHX_AVAILABLE = nacl.bindings.has_crypto_shorthash_siphashx24
+"""``True`` if :func:`siphashx24` is available to be called"""
+
+SIPHASHX_BYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_shorthash_siphashx24_BYTES
+"""Size of the :func:`siphashx24` digest"""
+SIPHASHX_KEYBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_shorthash_siphashx24_KEYBYTES
+"""Size of the secret ``key`` used by the :func:`siphashx24` MAC"""
+
+_b2b_hash = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_blake2b_salt_personal
+_sip_hash = nacl.bindings.crypto_shorthash_siphash24
+_sip_hashx = nacl.bindings.crypto_shorthash_siphashx24
+
+
+def sha256(
+    message: bytes, encoder: nacl.encoding.Encoder = nacl.encoding.HexEncoder
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Hashes ``message`` with SHA256.
+
+    :param message: The message to hash.
+    :type message: bytes
+    :param encoder: A class that is able to encode the hashed message.
+    :returns: The hashed message.
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    return encoder.encode(nacl.bindings.crypto_hash_sha256(message))
+
+
+def sha512(
+    message: bytes, encoder: nacl.encoding.Encoder = nacl.encoding.HexEncoder
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Hashes ``message`` with SHA512.
+
+    :param message: The message to hash.
+    :type message: bytes
+    :param encoder: A class that is able to encode the hashed message.
+    :returns: The hashed message.
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    return encoder.encode(nacl.bindings.crypto_hash_sha512(message))
+
+
+def blake2b(
+    data: bytes,
+    digest_size: int = BLAKE2B_BYTES,
+    key: bytes = b"",
+    salt: bytes = b"",
+    person: bytes = b"",
+    encoder: nacl.encoding.Encoder = nacl.encoding.HexEncoder,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Hashes ``data`` with blake2b.
+
+    :param data: the digest input byte sequence
+    :type data: bytes
+    :param digest_size: the requested digest size; must be at most
+                        :const:`BLAKE2B_BYTES_MAX`;
+                        the default digest size is
+                        :const:`BLAKE2B_BYTES`
+    :type digest_size: int
+    :param key: the key to be set for keyed MAC/PRF usage; if set, the key
+                must be at most :data:`~nacl.hash.BLAKE2B_KEYBYTES_MAX` long
+    :type key: bytes
+    :param salt: an initialization salt at most
+                 :const:`BLAKE2B_SALTBYTES` long;
+                 it will be zero-padded if needed
+    :type salt: bytes
+    :param person: a personalization string at most
+                   :const:`BLAKE2B_PERSONALBYTES` long;
+                   it will be zero-padded if needed
+    :type person: bytes
+    :param encoder: the encoder to use on returned digest
+    :type encoder: class
+    :returns: The hashed message.
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+
+    digest = _b2b_hash(
+        data, digest_size=digest_size, key=key, salt=salt, person=person
+    )
+    return encoder.encode(digest)
+
+
+generichash = blake2b
+
+
+def siphash24(
+    message: bytes,
+    key: bytes = b"",
+    encoder: nacl.encoding.Encoder = nacl.encoding.HexEncoder,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Computes a keyed MAC of ``message`` using the short-input-optimized
+    siphash-2-4 construction.
+
+    :param message: The message to hash.
+    :type message: bytes
+    :param key: the message authentication key for the siphash MAC construct
+    :type key: bytes(:const:`SIPHASH_KEYBYTES`)
+    :param encoder: A class that is able to encode the hashed message.
+    :returns: The hashed message.
+    :rtype: bytes(:const:`SIPHASH_BYTES`)
+    """
+    digest = _sip_hash(message, key)
+    return encoder.encode(digest)
+
+
+shorthash = siphash24
+
+
+def siphashx24(
+    message: bytes,
+    key: bytes = b"",
+    encoder: nacl.encoding.Encoder = nacl.encoding.HexEncoder,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Computes a keyed MAC of ``message`` using the 128 bit variant of the
+    siphash-2-4 construction.
+
+    :param message: The message to hash.
+    :type message: bytes
+    :param key: the message authentication key for the siphash MAC construct
+    :type key: bytes(:const:`SIPHASHX_KEYBYTES`)
+    :param encoder: A class that is able to encode the hashed message.
+    :returns: The hashed message.
+    :rtype: bytes(:const:`SIPHASHX_BYTES`)
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    digest = _sip_hashx(message, key)
+    return encoder.encode(digest)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/hashlib.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/hashlib.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fd4a97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/hashlib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+# Copyright 2016-2019 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+import binascii
+from typing import NoReturn
+
+import nacl.bindings
+from nacl.utils import bytes_as_string
+
+BYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_BYTES
+BYTES_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_BYTES_MIN
+BYTES_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_BYTES_MAX
+KEYBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES
+KEYBYTES_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MIN
+KEYBYTES_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_KEYBYTES_MAX
+SALTBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_SALTBYTES
+PERSONALBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_PERSONALBYTES
+
+SCRYPT_AVAILABLE = nacl.bindings.has_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256
+
+_b2b_init = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_blake2b_init
+_b2b_final = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_blake2b_final
+_b2b_update = nacl.bindings.crypto_generichash_blake2b_update
+
+
+class blake2b:
+    """
+    :py:mod:`hashlib` API compatible blake2b algorithm implementation
+    """
+
+    MAX_DIGEST_SIZE = BYTES
+    MAX_KEY_SIZE = KEYBYTES_MAX
+    PERSON_SIZE = PERSONALBYTES
+    SALT_SIZE = SALTBYTES
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        data: bytes = b"",
+        digest_size: int = BYTES,
+        key: bytes = b"",
+        salt: bytes = b"",
+        person: bytes = b"",
+    ):
+        """
+        :py:class:`.blake2b` algorithm initializer
+
+        :param data:
+        :type data: bytes
+        :param int digest_size: the requested digest size; must be
+                                at most :py:attr:`.MAX_DIGEST_SIZE`;
+                                the default digest size is :py:data:`.BYTES`
+        :param key: the key to be set for keyed MAC/PRF usage; if set,
+                    the key must be at most :py:data:`.KEYBYTES_MAX` long
+        :type key: bytes
+        :param salt: a initialization salt at most
+                     :py:attr:`.SALT_SIZE` long; it will be zero-padded
+                     if needed
+        :type salt: bytes
+        :param person: a personalization string at most
+                       :py:attr:`.PERSONAL_SIZE` long; it will be zero-padded
+                       if needed
+        :type person: bytes
+        """
+
+        self._state = _b2b_init(
+            key=key, salt=salt, person=person, digest_size=digest_size
+        )
+        self._digest_size = digest_size
+
+        if data:
+            self.update(data)
+
+    @property
+    def digest_size(self) -> int:
+        return self._digest_size
+
+    @property
+    def block_size(self) -> int:
+        return 128
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "blake2b"
+
+    def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        _b2b_update(self._state, data)
+
+    def digest(self) -> bytes:
+        _st = self._state.copy()
+        return _b2b_final(_st)
+
+    def hexdigest(self) -> str:
+        return bytes_as_string(binascii.hexlify(self.digest()))
+
+    def copy(self) -> "blake2b":
+        _cp = type(self)(digest_size=self.digest_size)
+        _st = self._state.copy()
+        _cp._state = _st
+        return _cp
+
+    def __reduce__(self) -> NoReturn:
+        """
+        Raise the same exception as hashlib's blake implementation
+        on copy.copy()
+        """
+        raise TypeError(
+            "can't pickle {} objects".format(self.__class__.__name__)
+        )
+
+
+def scrypt(
+    password: bytes,
+    salt: bytes = b"",
+    n: int = 2 ** 20,
+    r: int = 8,
+    p: int = 1,
+    maxmem: int = 2 ** 25,
+    dklen: int = 64,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Derive a cryptographic key using the scrypt KDF.
+
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+
+    Implements the same signature as the ``hashlib.scrypt`` implemented
+    in cpython version 3.6
+    """
+    return nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_ll(
+        password, salt, n, r, p, maxmem=maxmem, dklen=dklen
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/public.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/public.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be9410f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/public.py
@@ -0,0 +1,423 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import ClassVar, Generic, Optional, Type, TypeVar
+
+import nacl.bindings
+from nacl import encoding
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl.encoding import Encoder
+from nacl.utils import EncryptedMessage, StringFixer, random
+
+
+class PublicKey(encoding.Encodable, StringFixer):
+    """
+    The public key counterpart to an Curve25519 :class:`nacl.public.PrivateKey`
+    for encrypting messages.
+
+    :param public_key: [:class:`bytes`] Encoded Curve25519 public key
+    :param encoder: A class that is able to decode the `public_key`
+
+    :cvar SIZE: The size that the public key is required to be
+    """
+
+    SIZE: ClassVar[int] = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        public_key: bytes,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ):
+        self._public_key = encoder.decode(public_key)
+        if not isinstance(self._public_key, bytes):
+            raise exc.TypeError("PublicKey must be created from 32 bytes")
+
+        if len(self._public_key) != self.SIZE:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The public key must be exactly {} bytes long".format(
+                    self.SIZE
+                )
+            )
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._public_key
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(bytes(self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return False
+        return nacl.bindings.sodium_memcmp(bytes(self), bytes(other))
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return not (self == other)
+
+
+class PrivateKey(encoding.Encodable, StringFixer):
+    """
+    Private key for decrypting messages using the Curve25519 algorithm.
+
+    .. warning:: This **must** be protected and remain secret. Anyone who
+        knows the value of your :class:`~nacl.public.PrivateKey` can decrypt
+        any message encrypted by the corresponding
+        :class:`~nacl.public.PublicKey`
+
+    :param private_key: The private key used to decrypt messages
+    :param encoder: The encoder class used to decode the given keys
+
+    :cvar SIZE: The size that the private key is required to be
+    :cvar SEED_SIZE: The size that the seed used to generate the
+                     private key is required to be
+    """
+
+    SIZE: ClassVar[int] = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES
+    SEED_SIZE: ClassVar[int] = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_SEEDBYTES
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        private_key: bytes,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ):
+        # Decode the secret_key
+        private_key = encoder.decode(private_key)
+        # verify the given secret key type and size are correct
+        if not (
+            isinstance(private_key, bytes) and len(private_key) == self.SIZE
+        ):
+            raise exc.TypeError(
+                (
+                    "PrivateKey must be created from a {} "
+                    "bytes long raw secret key"
+                ).format(self.SIZE)
+            )
+
+        raw_public_key = nacl.bindings.crypto_scalarmult_base(private_key)
+
+        self._private_key = private_key
+        self.public_key = PublicKey(raw_public_key)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_seed(
+        cls,
+        seed: bytes,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> "PrivateKey":
+        """
+        Generate a PrivateKey using a deterministic construction
+        starting from a caller-provided seed
+
+        .. warning:: The seed **must** be high-entropy; therefore,
+            its generator **must** be a cryptographic quality
+            random function like, for example, :func:`~nacl.utils.random`.
+
+        .. warning:: The seed **must** be protected and remain secret.
+            Anyone who knows the seed is really in possession of
+            the corresponding PrivateKey.
+
+        :param seed: The seed used to generate the private key
+        :rtype: :class:`~nacl.public.PrivateKey`
+        """
+        # decode the seed
+        seed = encoder.decode(seed)
+        # Verify the given seed type and size are correct
+        if not (isinstance(seed, bytes) and len(seed) == cls.SEED_SIZE):
+            raise exc.TypeError(
+                (
+                    "PrivateKey seed must be a {} bytes long "
+                    "binary sequence"
+                ).format(cls.SEED_SIZE)
+            )
+        # generate a raw keypair from the given seed
+        raw_pk, raw_sk = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_seed_keypair(seed)
+        # construct a instance from the raw secret key
+        return cls(raw_sk)
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._private_key
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash((type(self), bytes(self.public_key)))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return False
+        return self.public_key == other.public_key
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def generate(cls) -> "PrivateKey":
+        """
+        Generates a random :class:`~nacl.public.PrivateKey` object
+
+        :rtype: :class:`~nacl.public.PrivateKey`
+        """
+        return cls(random(PrivateKey.SIZE), encoder=encoding.RawEncoder)
+
+
+_Box = TypeVar("_Box", bound="Box")
+
+
+class Box(encoding.Encodable, StringFixer):
+    """
+    The Box class boxes and unboxes messages between a pair of keys
+
+    The ciphertexts generated by :class:`~nacl.public.Box` include a 16
+    byte authenticator which is checked as part of the decryption. An invalid
+    authenticator will cause the decrypt function to raise an exception. The
+    authenticator is not a signature. Once you've decrypted the message you've
+    demonstrated the ability to create arbitrary valid message, so messages you
+    send are repudiable. For non-repudiable messages, sign them after
+    encryption.
+
+    :param private_key: :class:`~nacl.public.PrivateKey` used to encrypt and
+        decrypt messages
+    :param public_key: :class:`~nacl.public.PublicKey` used to encrypt and
+        decrypt messages
+
+    :cvar NONCE_SIZE: The size that the nonce is required to be.
+    """
+
+    NONCE_SIZE: ClassVar[int] = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_NONCEBYTES
+    _shared_key: bytes
+
+    def __init__(self, private_key: PrivateKey, public_key: PublicKey):
+        if not isinstance(private_key, PrivateKey) or not isinstance(
+            public_key, PublicKey
+        ):
+            raise exc.TypeError(
+                "Box must be created from a PrivateKey and a PublicKey"
+            )
+        self._shared_key = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_beforenm(
+            public_key.encode(encoder=encoding.RawEncoder),
+            private_key.encode(encoder=encoding.RawEncoder),
+        )
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._shared_key
+
+    @classmethod
+    def decode(
+        cls: Type[_Box], encoded: bytes, encoder: Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder
+    ) -> _Box:
+        """
+        Alternative constructor. Creates a Box from an existing Box's shared key.
+        """
+        # Create an empty box
+        box: _Box = cls.__new__(cls)
+
+        # Assign our decoded value to the shared key of the box
+        box._shared_key = encoder.decode(encoded)
+
+        return box
+
+    def encrypt(
+        self,
+        plaintext: bytes,
+        nonce: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> EncryptedMessage:
+        """
+        Encrypts the plaintext message using the given `nonce` (or generates
+        one randomly if omitted) and returns the ciphertext encoded with the
+        encoder.
+
+        .. warning:: It is **VITALLY** important that the nonce is a nonce,
+            i.e. it is a number used only once for any given key. If you fail
+            to do this, you compromise the privacy of the messages encrypted.
+
+        :param plaintext: [:class:`bytes`] The plaintext message to encrypt
+        :param nonce: [:class:`bytes`] The nonce to use in the encryption
+        :param encoder: The encoder to use to encode the ciphertext
+        :rtype: [:class:`nacl.utils.EncryptedMessage`]
+        """
+        if nonce is None:
+            nonce = random(self.NONCE_SIZE)
+
+        if len(nonce) != self.NONCE_SIZE:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The nonce must be exactly %s bytes long" % self.NONCE_SIZE
+            )
+
+        ciphertext = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_afternm(
+            plaintext,
+            nonce,
+            self._shared_key,
+        )
+
+        encoded_nonce = encoder.encode(nonce)
+        encoded_ciphertext = encoder.encode(ciphertext)
+
+        return EncryptedMessage._from_parts(
+            encoded_nonce,
+            encoded_ciphertext,
+            encoder.encode(nonce + ciphertext),
+        )
+
+    def decrypt(
+        self,
+        ciphertext: bytes,
+        nonce: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Decrypts the ciphertext using the `nonce` (explicitly, when passed as a
+        parameter or implicitly, when omitted, as part of the ciphertext) and
+        returns the plaintext message.
+
+        :param ciphertext: [:class:`bytes`] The encrypted message to decrypt
+        :param nonce: [:class:`bytes`] The nonce used when encrypting the
+            ciphertext
+        :param encoder: The encoder used to decode the ciphertext.
+        :rtype: [:class:`bytes`]
+        """
+        # Decode our ciphertext
+        ciphertext = encoder.decode(ciphertext)
+
+        if nonce is None:
+            # If we were given the nonce and ciphertext combined, split them.
+            nonce = ciphertext[: self.NONCE_SIZE]
+            ciphertext = ciphertext[self.NONCE_SIZE :]
+
+        if len(nonce) != self.NONCE_SIZE:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The nonce must be exactly %s bytes long" % self.NONCE_SIZE
+            )
+
+        plaintext = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_open_afternm(
+            ciphertext,
+            nonce,
+            self._shared_key,
+        )
+
+        return plaintext
+
+    def shared_key(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Returns the Curve25519 shared secret, that can then be used as a key in
+        other symmetric ciphers.
+
+        .. warning:: It is **VITALLY** important that you use a nonce with your
+            symmetric cipher. If you fail to do this, you compromise the
+            privacy of the messages encrypted. Ensure that the key length of
+            your cipher is 32 bytes.
+        :rtype: [:class:`bytes`]
+        """
+
+        return self._shared_key
+
+
+_Key = TypeVar("_Key", PublicKey, PrivateKey)
+
+
+class SealedBox(Generic[_Key], encoding.Encodable, StringFixer):
+    """
+    The SealedBox class boxes and unboxes messages addressed to
+    a specified key-pair by using ephemeral sender's keypairs,
+    whose private part will be discarded just after encrypting
+    a single plaintext message.
+
+    The ciphertexts generated by :class:`~nacl.public.SecretBox` include
+    the public part of the ephemeral key before the :class:`~nacl.public.Box`
+    ciphertext.
+
+    :param recipient_key: a :class:`~nacl.public.PublicKey` used to encrypt
+        messages and derive nonces, or a :class:`~nacl.public.PrivateKey` used
+        to decrypt messages.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+
+    _public_key: bytes
+    _private_key: Optional[bytes]
+
+    def __init__(self, recipient_key: _Key):
+        if isinstance(recipient_key, PublicKey):
+            self._public_key = recipient_key.encode(
+                encoder=encoding.RawEncoder
+            )
+            self._private_key = None
+        elif isinstance(recipient_key, PrivateKey):
+            self._private_key = recipient_key.encode(
+                encoder=encoding.RawEncoder
+            )
+            self._public_key = recipient_key.public_key.encode(
+                encoder=encoding.RawEncoder
+            )
+        else:
+            raise exc.TypeError(
+                "SealedBox must be created from a PublicKey or a PrivateKey"
+            )
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._public_key
+
+    def encrypt(
+        self,
+        plaintext: bytes,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Encrypts the plaintext message using a random-generated ephemeral
+        keypair and returns a "composed ciphertext", containing both
+        the public part of the keypair and the ciphertext proper,
+        encoded with the encoder.
+
+        The private part of the ephemeral key-pair will be scrubbed before
+        returning the ciphertext, therefore, the sender will not be able to
+        decrypt the generated ciphertext.
+
+        :param plaintext: [:class:`bytes`] The plaintext message to encrypt
+        :param encoder: The encoder to use to encode the ciphertext
+        :return bytes: encoded ciphertext
+        """
+
+        ciphertext = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_seal(plaintext, self._public_key)
+
+        encoded_ciphertext = encoder.encode(ciphertext)
+
+        return encoded_ciphertext
+
+    def decrypt(
+        self: "SealedBox[PrivateKey]",
+        ciphertext: bytes,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Decrypts the ciphertext using the ephemeral public key enclosed
+        in the ciphertext and the SealedBox private key, returning
+        the plaintext message.
+
+        :param ciphertext: [:class:`bytes`] The encrypted message to decrypt
+        :param encoder: The encoder used to decode the ciphertext.
+        :return bytes: The original plaintext
+        :raises TypeError: if this SealedBox was created with a
+            :class:`~nacl.public.PublicKey` rather than a
+            :class:`~nacl.public.PrivateKey`.
+        """
+        # Decode our ciphertext
+        ciphertext = encoder.decode(ciphertext)
+
+        if self._private_key is None:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "SealedBoxes created with a public key cannot decrypt"
+            )
+        plaintext = nacl.bindings.crypto_box_seal_open(
+            ciphertext,
+            self._public_key,
+            self._private_key,
+        )
+
+        return plaintext
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ffd76a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# Copyright 2017 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+from nacl.exceptions import CryptPrefixError
+
+from . import _argon2, argon2i, argon2id, scrypt
+
+STRPREFIX = argon2id.STRPREFIX
+
+PWHASH_SIZE = argon2id.PWHASH_SIZE
+
+assert _argon2.ALG_ARGON2_DEFAULT == _argon2.ALG_ARGON2ID13
+# since version 1.0.15 of libsodium
+
+PASSWD_MIN = argon2id.PASSWD_MIN
+PASSWD_MAX = argon2id.PASSWD_MAX
+MEMLIMIT_MAX = argon2id.MEMLIMIT_MAX
+MEMLIMIT_MIN = argon2id.MEMLIMIT_MIN
+OPSLIMIT_MAX = argon2id.OPSLIMIT_MAX
+OPSLIMIT_MIN = argon2id.OPSLIMIT_MIN
+OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = argon2id.OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = argon2id.MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+OPSLIMIT_MODERATE = argon2id.OPSLIMIT_MODERATE
+MEMLIMIT_MODERATE = argon2id.MEMLIMIT_MODERATE
+OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = argon2id.OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = argon2id.MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+
+str = argon2id.str
+
+assert argon2i.ALG != argon2id.ALG
+
+SCRYPT_SALTBYTES = scrypt.SALTBYTES
+SCRYPT_PWHASH_SIZE = scrypt.PWHASH_SIZE
+SCRYPT_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = scrypt.OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+SCRYPT_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = scrypt.MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+SCRYPT_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = scrypt.OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+SCRYPT_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = scrypt.MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+
+
+kdf_scryptsalsa208sha256 = scrypt.kdf
+scryptsalsa208sha256_str = scrypt.str
+verify_scryptsalsa208sha256 = scrypt.verify
+
+
+def verify(password_hash: bytes, password: bytes) -> bool:
+    """
+    Takes a modular crypt encoded stored password hash derived using one
+    of the algorithms supported by `libsodium` and checks if the user provided
+    password will hash to the same string when using the parameters saved
+    in the stored hash
+    """
+    if password_hash.startswith(argon2id.STRPREFIX):
+        return argon2id.verify(password_hash, password)
+    elif password_hash.startswith(argon2i.STRPREFIX):
+        return argon2id.verify(password_hash, password)
+    elif scrypt.AVAILABLE and password_hash.startswith(scrypt.STRPREFIX):
+        return scrypt.verify(password_hash, password)
+    else:
+        raise (
+            CryptPrefixError(
+                "given password_hash is not in a supported format"
+            )
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/_argon2.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/_argon2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..856eda0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/_argon2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import nacl.bindings
+
+_argon2_strbytes_plus_one = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_STRBYTES
+
+PWHASH_SIZE = _argon2_strbytes_plus_one - 1
+SALTBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_SALTBYTES
+
+PASSWD_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_PASSWD_MIN
+PASSWD_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_PASSWD_MAX
+
+PWHASH_SIZE = _argon2_strbytes_plus_one - 1
+
+BYTES_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MAX
+BYTES_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_BYTES_MIN
+
+ALG_ARGON2I13 = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2I13
+ALG_ARGON2ID13 = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_ALG_ARGON2ID13
+ALG_ARGON2_DEFAULT = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_ALG_DEFAULT
+
+
+def verify(password_hash: bytes, password: bytes) -> bool:
+    """
+    Takes a modular crypt encoded argon2i or argon2id stored password hash
+    and checks if the user provided password will hash to the same string
+    when using the stored parameters
+
+    :param password_hash: password hash serialized in modular crypt() format
+    :type password_hash: bytes
+    :param password: user provided password
+    :type password: bytes
+    :rtype: boolean
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    return nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_str_verify(password_hash, password)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/argon2i.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/argon2i.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f9b3af7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/argon2i.py
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import nacl.bindings
+import nacl.encoding
+
+from . import _argon2
+
+ALG = _argon2.ALG_ARGON2I13
+STRPREFIX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_STRPREFIX
+
+SALTBYTES = _argon2.SALTBYTES
+
+PASSWD_MIN = _argon2.PASSWD_MIN
+PASSWD_MAX = _argon2.PASSWD_MAX
+
+PWHASH_SIZE = _argon2.PWHASH_SIZE
+
+BYTES_MIN = _argon2.BYTES_MIN
+BYTES_MAX = _argon2.BYTES_MAX
+
+verify = _argon2.verify
+
+MEMLIMIT_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MAX
+MEMLIMIT_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MIN
+OPSLIMIT_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MAX
+OPSLIMIT_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MIN
+
+OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+
+OPSLIMIT_MODERATE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE
+MEMLIMIT_MODERATE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2i_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE
+
+
+def kdf(
+    size: int,
+    password: bytes,
+    salt: bytes,
+    opslimit: int = OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    memlimit: int = MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    encoder: nacl.encoding.Encoder = nacl.encoding.RawEncoder,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Derive a ``size`` bytes long key from a caller-supplied
+    ``password`` and ``salt`` pair using the argon2i
+    memory-hard construct.
+
+    the enclosing module provides the constants
+
+        - :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_MODERATE`
+        - :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_MODERATE`
+        - :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE`
+
+    as a guidance for correct settings.
+
+    :param size: derived key size, must be between
+                 :py:const:`.BYTES_MIN` and
+                 :py:const:`.BYTES_MAX`
+    :type size: int
+    :param password: password used to seed the key derivation procedure;
+                     it length must be between
+                     :py:const:`.PASSWD_MIN` and
+                     :py:const:`.PASSWD_MAX`
+    :type password: bytes
+    :param salt: **RANDOM** salt used in the key derivation procedure;
+                 its length must be exactly :py:const:`.SALTBYTES`
+    :type salt: bytes
+    :param opslimit: the time component (operation count)
+                     of the key derivation procedure's computational cost;
+                     it must be between
+                     :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_MIN` and
+                     :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_MAX`
+    :type opslimit: int
+    :param memlimit: the memory occupation component
+                     of the key derivation procedure's computational cost;
+                     it must be between
+                     :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_MIN` and
+                     :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_MAX`
+    :type memlimit: int
+    :rtype: bytes
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+
+    return encoder.encode(
+        nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_alg(
+            size, password, salt, opslimit, memlimit, ALG
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def str(
+    password: bytes,
+    opslimit: int = OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    memlimit: int = MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Hashes a password with a random salt, using the memory-hard
+    argon2i construct and returning an ascii string that has all
+    the needed info to check against a future password
+
+
+    The default settings for opslimit and memlimit are those deemed
+    correct for the interactive user login case.
+
+    :param bytes password:
+    :param int opslimit:
+    :param int memlimit:
+    :rtype: bytes
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    return nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_str_alg(
+        password, opslimit, memlimit, ALG
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/argon2id.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/argon2id.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b86d69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/argon2id.py
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import nacl.bindings
+import nacl.encoding
+
+from . import _argon2
+
+ALG = _argon2.ALG_ARGON2ID13
+STRPREFIX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_STRPREFIX
+
+SALTBYTES = _argon2.SALTBYTES
+
+PASSWD_MIN = _argon2.PASSWD_MIN
+PASSWD_MAX = _argon2.PASSWD_MAX
+
+PWHASH_SIZE = _argon2.PWHASH_SIZE
+
+BYTES_MIN = _argon2.BYTES_MIN
+BYTES_MAX = _argon2.BYTES_MAX
+
+verify = _argon2.verify
+
+MEMLIMIT_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MIN
+MEMLIMIT_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MAX
+OPSLIMIT_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MIN
+OPSLIMIT_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MAX
+
+OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = (
+    nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+)
+MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = (
+    nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+)
+OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+
+OPSLIMIT_MODERATE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE
+MEMLIMIT_MODERATE = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_argon2id_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE
+
+
+def kdf(
+    size: int,
+    password: bytes,
+    salt: bytes,
+    opslimit: int = OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    memlimit: int = MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    encoder: nacl.encoding.Encoder = nacl.encoding.RawEncoder,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Derive a ``size`` bytes long key from a caller-supplied
+    ``password`` and ``salt`` pair using the argon2i
+    memory-hard construct.
+
+    the enclosing module provides the constants
+
+        - :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_MODERATE`
+        - :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_MODERATE`
+        - :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE`
+
+    as a guidance for correct settings.
+
+    :param size: derived key size, must be between
+                 :py:const:`.BYTES_MIN` and
+                 :py:const:`.BYTES_MAX`
+    :type size: int
+    :param password: password used to seed the key derivation procedure;
+                     it length must be between
+                     :py:const:`.PASSWD_MIN` and
+                     :py:const:`.PASSWD_MAX`
+    :type password: bytes
+    :param salt: **RANDOM** salt used in the key derivation procedure;
+                 its length must be exactly :py:const:`.SALTBYTES`
+    :type salt: bytes
+    :param opslimit: the time component (operation count)
+                     of the key derivation procedure's computational cost;
+                     it must be between
+                     :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_MIN` and
+                     :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_MAX`
+    :type opslimit: int
+    :param memlimit: the memory occupation component
+                     of the key derivation procedure's computational cost;
+                     it must be between
+                     :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_MIN` and
+                     :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_MAX`
+    :type memlimit: int
+    :rtype: bytes
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+
+    return encoder.encode(
+        nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_alg(
+            size, password, salt, opslimit, memlimit, ALG
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def str(
+    password: bytes,
+    opslimit: int = OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    memlimit: int = MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Hashes a password with a random salt, using the memory-hard
+    argon2id construct and returning an ascii string that has all
+    the needed info to check against a future password
+
+    The default settings for opslimit and memlimit are those deemed
+    correct for the interactive user login case.
+
+    :param bytes password:
+    :param int opslimit:
+    :param int memlimit:
+    :rtype: bytes
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    return nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_str_alg(
+        password, opslimit, memlimit, ALG
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/scrypt.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/scrypt.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55bdf49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/pwhash/scrypt.py
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import cast
+
+import nacl.bindings
+import nacl.encoding
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl.exceptions import ensure
+
+_strbytes_plus_one = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRBYTES
+
+AVAILABLE = nacl.bindings.has_crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256
+
+STRPREFIX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRPREFIX
+
+SALTBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_SALTBYTES
+
+PASSWD_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MIN
+PASSWD_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_PASSWD_MAX
+
+PWHASH_SIZE = _strbytes_plus_one - 1
+
+BYTES_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MIN
+BYTES_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_BYTES_MAX
+
+MEMLIMIT_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MIN
+MEMLIMIT_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_MAX
+OPSLIMIT_MIN = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MIN
+OPSLIMIT_MAX = nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_MAX
+
+OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = (
+    nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+)
+MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE = (
+    nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+)
+OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE = (
+    nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+)
+MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE = (
+    nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE
+)
+
+OPSLIMIT_MODERATE = 8 * OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+MEMLIMIT_MODERATE = 8 * MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE
+
+
+def kdf(
+    size: int,
+    password: bytes,
+    salt: bytes,
+    opslimit: int = OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    memlimit: int = MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
+    encoder: nacl.encoding.Encoder = nacl.encoding.RawEncoder,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Derive a ``size`` bytes long key from a caller-supplied
+    ``password`` and ``salt`` pair using the scryptsalsa208sha256
+    memory-hard construct.
+
+
+    the enclosing module provides the constants
+
+        - :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE`
+        - :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_MODERATE`
+        - :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_MODERATE`
+
+    as a guidance for correct settings respectively for the
+    interactive login and the long term key protecting sensitive data
+    use cases.
+
+    :param size: derived key size, must be between
+                 :py:const:`.BYTES_MIN` and
+                 :py:const:`.BYTES_MAX`
+    :type size: int
+    :param password: password used to seed the key derivation procedure;
+                     it length must be between
+                     :py:const:`.PASSWD_MIN` and
+                     :py:const:`.PASSWD_MAX`
+    :type password: bytes
+    :param salt: **RANDOM** salt used in the key derivation procedure;
+                 its length must be exactly :py:const:`.SALTBYTES`
+    :type salt: bytes
+    :param opslimit: the time component (operation count)
+                     of the key derivation procedure's computational cost;
+                     it must be between
+                     :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_MIN` and
+                     :py:const:`.OPSLIMIT_MAX`
+    :type opslimit: int
+    :param memlimit: the memory occupation component
+                     of the key derivation procedure's computational cost;
+                     it must be between
+                     :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_MIN` and
+                     :py:const:`.MEMLIMIT_MAX`
+    :type memlimit: int
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    ensure(
+        AVAILABLE,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        len(salt) == SALTBYTES,
+        "The salt must be exactly %s, not %s bytes long"
+        % (SALTBYTES, len(salt)),
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    n_log2, r, p = nacl.bindings.nacl_bindings_pick_scrypt_params(
+        opslimit, memlimit
+    )
+    maxmem = memlimit + (2 ** 16)
+
+    return encoder.encode(
+        nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_ll(
+            password,
+            salt,
+            # Cast safety: n_log2 is a positive integer, and so 2 ** n_log2 is also
+            # a positive integer. Mypy+typeshed can't deduce this, because there's no
+            # way to for them to know that n_log2: int is positive.
+            cast(int, 2 ** n_log2),
+            r,
+            p,
+            maxmem=maxmem,
+            dklen=size,
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def str(
+    password: bytes,
+    opslimit: int = OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+    memlimit: int = MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Hashes a password with a random salt, using the memory-hard
+    scryptsalsa208sha256 construct and returning an ascii string
+    that has all the needed info to check against a future password
+
+    The default settings for opslimit and memlimit are those deemed
+    correct for the interactive user login case.
+
+    :param bytes password:
+    :param int opslimit:
+    :param int memlimit:
+    :rtype: bytes
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    ensure(
+        AVAILABLE,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    return nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str(
+        password, opslimit, memlimit
+    )
+
+
+def verify(password_hash: bytes, password: bytes) -> bool:
+    """
+    Takes the output of scryptsalsa208sha256 and compares it against
+    a user provided password to see if they are the same
+
+    :param password_hash: bytes
+    :param password: bytes
+    :rtype: boolean
+    :raises nacl.exceptions.UnavailableError: If called when using a
+        minimal build of libsodium.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    ensure(
+        AVAILABLE,
+        "Not available in minimal build",
+        raising=exc.UnavailableError,
+    )
+
+    ensure(
+        len(password_hash) == PWHASH_SIZE,
+        "The password hash must be exactly %s bytes long"
+        % nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_STRBYTES,
+        raising=exc.ValueError,
+    )
+
+    return nacl.bindings.crypto_pwhash_scryptsalsa208sha256_str_verify(
+        password_hash, password
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/secret.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/secret.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba536a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/secret.py
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import ClassVar, Optional
+
+import nacl.bindings
+from nacl import encoding
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl.utils import EncryptedMessage, StringFixer, random
+
+
+class SecretBox(encoding.Encodable, StringFixer):
+    """
+    The SecretBox class encrypts and decrypts messages using the given secret
+    key.
+
+    The ciphertexts generated by :class:`~nacl.secret.Secretbox` include a 16
+    byte authenticator which is checked as part of the decryption. An invalid
+    authenticator will cause the decrypt function to raise an exception. The
+    authenticator is not a signature. Once you've decrypted the message you've
+    demonstrated the ability to create arbitrary valid message, so messages you
+    send are repudiable. For non-repudiable messages, sign them after
+    encryption.
+
+    Encryption is done using `XSalsa20-Poly1305`_, and there are no practical
+    limits on the number or size of messages (up to 2⁶⁴ messages, each up to 2⁶⁴
+    bytes).
+
+    .. _XSalsa20-Poly1305: https://doc.libsodium.org/secret-key_cryptography/secretbox#algorithm-details
+
+    :param key: The secret key used to encrypt and decrypt messages
+    :param encoder: The encoder class used to decode the given key
+
+    :cvar KEY_SIZE: The size that the key is required to be.
+    :cvar NONCE_SIZE: The size that the nonce is required to be.
+    :cvar MACBYTES: The size of the authentication MAC tag in bytes.
+    :cvar MESSAGEBYTES_MAX: The maximum size of a message which can be
+                            safely encrypted with a single key/nonce
+                            pair.
+    """
+
+    KEY_SIZE: ClassVar[int] = nacl.bindings.crypto_secretbox_KEYBYTES
+    NONCE_SIZE: ClassVar[int] = nacl.bindings.crypto_secretbox_NONCEBYTES
+    MACBYTES: ClassVar[int] = nacl.bindings.crypto_secretbox_MACBYTES
+    MESSAGEBYTES_MAX: ClassVar[
+        int
+    ] = nacl.bindings.crypto_secretbox_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, key: bytes, encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder
+    ):
+        key = encoder.decode(key)
+        if not isinstance(key, bytes):
+            raise exc.TypeError("SecretBox must be created from 32 bytes")
+
+        if len(key) != self.KEY_SIZE:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The key must be exactly %s bytes long" % self.KEY_SIZE,
+            )
+
+        self._key = key
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._key
+
+    def encrypt(
+        self,
+        plaintext: bytes,
+        nonce: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> EncryptedMessage:
+        """
+        Encrypts the plaintext message using the given `nonce` (or generates
+        one randomly if omitted) and returns the ciphertext encoded with the
+        encoder.
+
+        .. warning:: It is **VITALLY** important that the nonce is a nonce,
+            i.e. it is a number used only once for any given key. If you fail
+            to do this, you compromise the privacy of the messages encrypted.
+            Give your nonces a different prefix, or have one side use an odd
+            counter and one an even counter. Just make sure they are different.
+
+        :param plaintext: [:class:`bytes`] The plaintext message to encrypt
+        :param nonce: [:class:`bytes`] The nonce to use in the encryption
+        :param encoder: The encoder to use to encode the ciphertext
+        :rtype: [:class:`nacl.utils.EncryptedMessage`]
+        """
+        if nonce is None:
+            nonce = random(self.NONCE_SIZE)
+
+        if len(nonce) != self.NONCE_SIZE:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The nonce must be exactly %s bytes long" % self.NONCE_SIZE,
+            )
+
+        ciphertext = nacl.bindings.crypto_secretbox(
+            plaintext, nonce, self._key
+        )
+
+        encoded_nonce = encoder.encode(nonce)
+        encoded_ciphertext = encoder.encode(ciphertext)
+
+        return EncryptedMessage._from_parts(
+            encoded_nonce,
+            encoded_ciphertext,
+            encoder.encode(nonce + ciphertext),
+        )
+
+    def decrypt(
+        self,
+        ciphertext: bytes,
+        nonce: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Decrypts the ciphertext using the `nonce` (explicitly, when passed as a
+        parameter or implicitly, when omitted, as part of the ciphertext) and
+        returns the plaintext message.
+
+        :param ciphertext: [:class:`bytes`] The encrypted message to decrypt
+        :param nonce: [:class:`bytes`] The nonce used when encrypting the
+            ciphertext
+        :param encoder: The encoder used to decode the ciphertext.
+        :rtype: [:class:`bytes`]
+        """
+        # Decode our ciphertext
+        ciphertext = encoder.decode(ciphertext)
+
+        if nonce is None:
+            # If we were given the nonce and ciphertext combined, split them.
+            nonce = ciphertext[: self.NONCE_SIZE]
+            ciphertext = ciphertext[self.NONCE_SIZE :]
+
+        if len(nonce) != self.NONCE_SIZE:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The nonce must be exactly %s bytes long" % self.NONCE_SIZE,
+            )
+
+        plaintext = nacl.bindings.crypto_secretbox_open(
+            ciphertext, nonce, self._key
+        )
+
+        return plaintext
+
+
+class Aead(encoding.Encodable, StringFixer):
+    """
+    The AEAD class encrypts and decrypts messages using the given secret key.
+
+    Unlike :class:`~nacl.secret.SecretBox`, AEAD supports authenticating
+    non-confidential data received alongside the message, such as a length
+    or type tag.
+
+    Like :class:`~nacl.secret.Secretbox`, this class provides authenticated
+    encryption. An inauthentic message will cause the decrypt function to raise
+    an exception.
+
+    Likewise, the authenticator should not be mistaken for a (public-key)
+    signature: recipients (with the ability to decrypt messages) are capable of
+    creating arbitrary valid message; in particular, this means AEAD messages
+    are repudiable. For non-repudiable messages, sign them after encryption.
+
+    The cryptosystem used is `XChacha20-Poly1305`_ as specified for
+    `standardization`_. There are `no practical limits`_ to how much can safely
+    be encrypted under a given key (up to 2⁶⁴ messages each containing up
+    to 2⁶⁴ bytes).
+
+    .. _standardization: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-xchacha
+    .. _XChacha20-Poly1305: https://doc.libsodium.org/secret-key_cryptography/aead#xchacha-20-poly1305
+    .. _no practical limits: https://doc.libsodium.org/secret-key_cryptography/aead#limitations
+
+    :param key: The secret key used to encrypt and decrypt messages
+    :param encoder: The encoder class used to decode the given key
+
+    :cvar KEY_SIZE: The size that the key is required to be.
+    :cvar NONCE_SIZE: The size that the nonce is required to be.
+    :cvar MACBYTES: The size of the authentication MAC tag in bytes.
+    :cvar MESSAGEBYTES_MAX: The maximum size of a message which can be
+                            safely encrypted with a single key/nonce
+                            pair.
+    """
+
+    KEY_SIZE = nacl.bindings.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_KEYBYTES
+    NONCE_SIZE = nacl.bindings.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_NPUBBYTES
+    MACBYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_ABYTES
+    MESSAGEBYTES_MAX = (
+        nacl.bindings.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        key: bytes,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ):
+        key = encoder.decode(key)
+        if not isinstance(key, bytes):
+            raise exc.TypeError("AEAD must be created from 32 bytes")
+
+        if len(key) != self.KEY_SIZE:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The key must be exactly %s bytes long" % self.KEY_SIZE,
+            )
+
+        self._key = key
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._key
+
+    def encrypt(
+        self,
+        plaintext: bytes,
+        aad: bytes = b"",
+        nonce: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> EncryptedMessage:
+        """
+        Encrypts the plaintext message using the given `nonce` (or generates
+        one randomly if omitted) and returns the ciphertext encoded with the
+        encoder.
+
+        .. warning:: It is vitally important for :param nonce: to be unique.
+            By default, it is generated randomly; [:class:`Aead`] uses XChacha20
+            for extended (192b) nonce size, so the risk of reusing random nonces
+            is negligible.  It is *strongly recommended* to keep this behaviour,
+            as nonce reuse will compromise the privacy of encrypted messages.
+            Should implicit nonces be inadequate for your application, the
+            second best option is using split counters; e.g. if sending messages
+            encrypted under a shared key between 2 users, each user can use the
+            number of messages it sent so far, prefixed or suffixed with a 1bit
+            user id.  Note that the counter must **never** be rolled back (due
+            to overflow, on-disk state being rolled back to an earlier backup,
+            ...)
+
+        :param plaintext: [:class:`bytes`] The plaintext message to encrypt
+        :param nonce: [:class:`bytes`] The nonce to use in the encryption
+        :param encoder: The encoder to use to encode the ciphertext
+        :rtype: [:class:`nacl.utils.EncryptedMessage`]
+        """
+        if nonce is None:
+            nonce = random(self.NONCE_SIZE)
+
+        if len(nonce) != self.NONCE_SIZE:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The nonce must be exactly %s bytes long" % self.NONCE_SIZE,
+            )
+
+        ciphertext = nacl.bindings.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
+            plaintext, aad, nonce, self._key
+        )
+
+        encoded_nonce = encoder.encode(nonce)
+        encoded_ciphertext = encoder.encode(ciphertext)
+
+        return EncryptedMessage._from_parts(
+            encoded_nonce,
+            encoded_ciphertext,
+            encoder.encode(nonce + ciphertext),
+        )
+
+    def decrypt(
+        self,
+        ciphertext: bytes,
+        aad: bytes = b"",
+        nonce: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Decrypts the ciphertext using the `nonce` (explicitly, when passed as a
+        parameter or implicitly, when omitted, as part of the ciphertext) and
+        returns the plaintext message.
+
+        :param ciphertext: [:class:`bytes`] The encrypted message to decrypt
+        :param nonce: [:class:`bytes`] The nonce used when encrypting the
+            ciphertext
+        :param encoder: The encoder used to decode the ciphertext.
+        :rtype: [:class:`bytes`]
+        """
+        # Decode our ciphertext
+        ciphertext = encoder.decode(ciphertext)
+
+        if nonce is None:
+            # If we were given the nonce and ciphertext combined, split them.
+            nonce = ciphertext[: self.NONCE_SIZE]
+            ciphertext = ciphertext[self.NONCE_SIZE :]
+
+        if len(nonce) != self.NONCE_SIZE:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The nonce must be exactly %s bytes long" % self.NONCE_SIZE,
+            )
+
+        plaintext = nacl.bindings.crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
+            ciphertext, aad, nonce, self._key
+        )
+
+        return plaintext
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/signing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/signing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12ec8ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/signing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from typing import Optional
+
+import nacl.bindings
+from nacl import encoding
+from nacl import exceptions as exc
+from nacl.public import (
+    PrivateKey as _Curve25519_PrivateKey,
+    PublicKey as _Curve25519_PublicKey,
+)
+from nacl.utils import StringFixer, random
+
+
+class SignedMessage(bytes):
+    """
+    A bytes subclass that holds a messaged that has been signed by a
+    :class:`SigningKey`.
+    """
+
+    _signature: bytes
+    _message: bytes
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_parts(
+        cls, signature: bytes, message: bytes, combined: bytes
+    ) -> "SignedMessage":
+        obj = cls(combined)
+        obj._signature = signature
+        obj._message = message
+        return obj
+
+    @property
+    def signature(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        The signature contained within the :class:`SignedMessage`.
+        """
+        return self._signature
+
+    @property
+    def message(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        The message contained within the :class:`SignedMessage`.
+        """
+        return self._message
+
+
+class VerifyKey(encoding.Encodable, StringFixer):
+    """
+    The public key counterpart to an Ed25519 SigningKey for producing digital
+    signatures.
+
+    :param key: [:class:`bytes`] Serialized Ed25519 public key
+    :param encoder: A class that is able to decode the `key`
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, key: bytes, encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder
+    ):
+        # Decode the key
+        key = encoder.decode(key)
+        if not isinstance(key, bytes):
+            raise exc.TypeError("VerifyKey must be created from 32 bytes")
+
+        if len(key) != nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The key must be exactly %s bytes long"
+                % nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES,
+            )
+
+        self._key = key
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._key
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(bytes(self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return False
+        return nacl.bindings.sodium_memcmp(bytes(self), bytes(other))
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    def verify(
+        self,
+        smessage: bytes,
+        signature: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Verifies the signature of a signed message, returning the message
+        if it has not been tampered with else raising
+        :class:`~nacl.signing.BadSignatureError`.
+
+        :param smessage: [:class:`bytes`] Either the original messaged or a
+            signature and message concated together.
+        :param signature: [:class:`bytes`] If an unsigned message is given for
+            smessage then the detached signature must be provided.
+        :param encoder: A class that is able to decode the secret message and
+            signature.
+        :rtype: :class:`bytes`
+        """
+        if signature is not None:
+            # If we were given the message and signature separately, validate
+            #   signature size and combine them.
+            if not isinstance(signature, bytes):
+                raise exc.TypeError(
+                    "Verification signature must be created from %d bytes"
+                    % nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_BYTES,
+                )
+
+            if len(signature) != nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_BYTES:
+                raise exc.ValueError(
+                    "The signature must be exactly %d bytes long"
+                    % nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_BYTES,
+                )
+
+            smessage = signature + encoder.decode(smessage)
+        else:
+            # Decode the signed message
+            smessage = encoder.decode(smessage)
+
+        return nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_open(smessage, self._key)
+
+    def to_curve25519_public_key(self) -> _Curve25519_PublicKey:
+        """
+        Converts a :class:`~nacl.signing.VerifyKey` to a
+        :class:`~nacl.public.PublicKey`
+
+        :rtype: :class:`~nacl.public.PublicKey`
+        """
+        raw_pk = nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_ed25519_pk_to_curve25519(self._key)
+        return _Curve25519_PublicKey(raw_pk)
+
+
+class SigningKey(encoding.Encodable, StringFixer):
+    """
+    Private key for producing digital signatures using the Ed25519 algorithm.
+
+    Signing keys are produced from a 32-byte (256-bit) random seed value. This
+    value can be passed into the :class:`~nacl.signing.SigningKey` as a
+    :func:`bytes` whose length is 32.
+
+    .. warning:: This **must** be protected and remain secret. Anyone who knows
+        the value of your :class:`~nacl.signing.SigningKey` or it's seed can
+        masquerade as you.
+
+    :param seed: [:class:`bytes`] Random 32-byte value (i.e. private key)
+    :param encoder: A class that is able to decode the seed
+
+    :ivar: verify_key: [:class:`~nacl.signing.VerifyKey`] The verify
+        (i.e. public) key that corresponds with this signing key.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        seed: bytes,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ):
+        # Decode the seed
+        seed = encoder.decode(seed)
+        if not isinstance(seed, bytes):
+            raise exc.TypeError(
+                "SigningKey must be created from a 32 byte seed"
+            )
+
+        # Verify that our seed is the proper size
+        if len(seed) != nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES:
+            raise exc.ValueError(
+                "The seed must be exactly %d bytes long"
+                % nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES
+            )
+
+        public_key, secret_key = nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_seed_keypair(seed)
+
+        self._seed = seed
+        self._signing_key = secret_key
+        self.verify_key = VerifyKey(public_key)
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._seed
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(bytes(self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return False
+        return nacl.bindings.sodium_memcmp(bytes(self), bytes(other))
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def generate(cls) -> "SigningKey":
+        """
+        Generates a random :class:`~nacl.signing.SigningKey` object.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`~nacl.signing.SigningKey`
+        """
+        return cls(
+            random(nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_SEEDBYTES),
+            encoder=encoding.RawEncoder,
+        )
+
+    def sign(
+        self,
+        message: bytes,
+        encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder,
+    ) -> SignedMessage:
+        """
+        Sign a message using this key.
+
+        :param message: [:class:`bytes`] The data to be signed.
+        :param encoder: A class that is used to encode the signed message.
+        :rtype: :class:`~nacl.signing.SignedMessage`
+        """
+        raw_signed = nacl.bindings.crypto_sign(message, self._signing_key)
+
+        crypto_sign_BYTES = nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_BYTES
+        signature = encoder.encode(raw_signed[:crypto_sign_BYTES])
+        message = encoder.encode(raw_signed[crypto_sign_BYTES:])
+        signed = encoder.encode(raw_signed)
+
+        return SignedMessage._from_parts(signature, message, signed)
+
+    def to_curve25519_private_key(self) -> _Curve25519_PrivateKey:
+        """
+        Converts a :class:`~nacl.signing.SigningKey` to a
+        :class:`~nacl.public.PrivateKey`
+
+        :rtype: :class:`~nacl.public.PrivateKey`
+        """
+        sk = self._signing_key
+        raw_private = nacl.bindings.crypto_sign_ed25519_sk_to_curve25519(sk)
+        return _Curve25519_PrivateKey(raw_private)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d19d236
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nacl/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Donald Stufft and individual contributors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+import os
+from typing import SupportsBytes, Type, TypeVar
+
+import nacl.bindings
+from nacl import encoding
+
+_EncryptedMessage = TypeVar("_EncryptedMessage", bound="EncryptedMessage")
+
+
+class EncryptedMessage(bytes):
+    """
+    A bytes subclass that holds a messaged that has been encrypted by a
+    :class:`SecretBox`.
+    """
+
+    _nonce: bytes
+    _ciphertext: bytes
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_parts(
+        cls: Type[_EncryptedMessage],
+        nonce: bytes,
+        ciphertext: bytes,
+        combined: bytes,
+    ) -> _EncryptedMessage:
+        obj = cls(combined)
+        obj._nonce = nonce
+        obj._ciphertext = ciphertext
+        return obj
+
+    @property
+    def nonce(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        The nonce used during the encryption of the :class:`EncryptedMessage`.
+        """
+        return self._nonce
+
+    @property
+    def ciphertext(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        The ciphertext contained within the :class:`EncryptedMessage`.
+        """
+        return self._ciphertext
+
+
+class StringFixer:
+    def __str__(self: SupportsBytes) -> str:
+        return str(self.__bytes__())
+
+
+def bytes_as_string(bytes_in: bytes) -> str:
+    return bytes_in.decode("ascii")
+
+
+def random(size: int = 32) -> bytes:
+    return os.urandom(size)
+
+
+def randombytes_deterministic(
+    size: int, seed: bytes, encoder: encoding.Encoder = encoding.RawEncoder
+) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Returns ``size`` number of deterministically generated pseudorandom bytes
+    from a seed
+
+    :param size: int
+    :param seed: bytes
+    :param encoder: The encoder class used to encode the produced bytes
+    :rtype: bytes
+    """
+    raw_data = nacl.bindings.randombytes_buf_deterministic(size, seed)
+
+    return encoder.encode(raw_data)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b22e95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# flake8: noqa
+from .typing import Functor, Applicative, Monoid, Monad
+from .cont import Cont
+from .maybe import Maybe, Just, Nothing
+from .either import Either, Right, Left
+from .list import List
+from .ioaction import IO, Put, Get, Return, ReadFile, put_line, get_line, read_file
+from .writer import Writer, MonadWriter, StringWriter
+from .reader import Reader, MonadReader
+from .identity import Identity
+from .state import State
+from .do import do, let, guard
+
+from .monadic import *
+from .util import fn, Unit
+
+from ._version import get_versions
+__version__ = get_versions()['version']
+del get_versions
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/_version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8c2b4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+# This file was generated by 'versioneer.py' (0.18) from
+# revision-control system data, or from the parent directory name of an
+# unpacked source archive. Distribution tarballs contain a pre-generated copy
+# of this file.
+
+import json
+
+version_json = '''
+{
+ "date": "2020-10-12T22:47:30+0200",
+ "dirty": false,
+ "error": null,
+ "full-revisionid": "2b865c79470913da59310e3dd1c9718711416d2a",
+ "version": "0.6.3"
+}
+'''  # END VERSION_JSON
+
+
+def get_versions():
+    return json.loads(version_json)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/cont.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/cont.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9cfbc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/cont.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+""" The Continuation Monad
+
+* https://wiki.haskell.org/MonadCont_under_the_hood
+* http://blog.sigfpe.com/2008/12/mother-of-all-monads.html
+* http://www.haskellforall.com/2012/12/the-continuation-monad.html
+
+"""
+
+from typing import Callable, Generic, TypeVar
+
+
+from .util import identity, compose
+from .typing import Monad, Functor
+
+T = TypeVar('T')
+T2 = TypeVar('T2')
+TResult = TypeVar('TResult')
+
+TCont = Callable[[T], TResult]
+
+
+class Cont(Generic[T, TResult]):
+    """The Continuation Monad.
+
+    The Continuation monad represents suspended computations in continuation-
+    passing style (CPS).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, comp: Callable[[TCont], TResult]) -> None:
+        """Cont constructor.
+
+        Keyword arguments:
+        cont -- A callable
+        """
+        self._comp = comp
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: T) -> 'Cont[T, TResult]':
+        """Create new continuation.
+
+        Haskell: a -> Cont a
+        """
+        fn: Callable[[TCont], TResult] = lambda cont: cont(value)
+        return Cont(fn)
+
+    def map(self, fn: Callable[[T], T2]) -> 'Cont[T2, TResult]':
+        r"""Map a function over a continuation.
+
+        Haskell: fmap f m = Cont $ \c -> runCont m (c . f)
+        """
+        def comp(cont: Callable[[T2], TResult]) -> TResult:
+            return self.run(compose(cont, fn))
+        return Cont(comp)
+
+    def bind(self, fn: Callable[[T], 'Cont[T2, TResult]']) -> 'Cont[T2, TResult]':
+        r"""Chain continuation passing functions.
+
+        Haskell: m >>= k = Cont $ \c -> runCont m $ \a -> runCont (k a) c
+        """
+        return Cont(lambda cont: self.run(lambda a: fn(a).run(cont)))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def call_cc(fn: Callable) -> 'Cont':
+        r"""call-with-current-continuation.
+
+        Haskell: callCC f = Cont $ \c -> runCont (f (\a -> Cont $ \_ -> c a )) c
+        """
+        return Cont(lambda c: fn(lambda a: Cont(lambda _: c(a))).run(c))
+
+    def run(self, cont: Callable[[T], TResult]) -> TResult:
+        return self._comp(cont)
+
+    def __or__(self, func):
+        """Use | as operator for bind.
+
+        Provide the | operator instead of the Haskell >>= operator
+        """
+        return self.bind(func)
+
+    def __call__(self, comp: Callable[[T], TResult]) -> TResult:
+        return self.run(comp)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        return self(identity) == other(identity)
+
+
+assert isinstance(Cont, Functor)
+assert isinstance(Cont, Monad)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/do.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/do.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7b3b46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/do.py
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""Monadic do notation for Python."""
+
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from .typing import Monad
+from .util import Unit
+
+# This would be most natural to implement as a syntactic macro.
+# But to stay within Python's builtin capabilities, this is a code generator.
+#
+# The price is the sprinkling of "lambda e: ..."s to feed in the environment,
+# and manually simulated lexical scoping for env attrs instead of just
+# borrowing Python's for run-of-the-mill names.
+
+__all__ = ["do", "let", "guard"]
+
+
+# TODO: guard belongs where in OSlash?
+def guard(M, test):
+    """Monadic guard.
+
+    What it does::
+
+        return M.pure(Unit) if test else M.empty()
+
+    https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Haskell/Alternative_and_MonadPlus#guard
+    """
+    return M.pure(Unit) if test else M.empty()
+
+
+# The kwargs syntax forces name to be a valid Python identifier.
+MonadicLet = namedtuple("MonadicLet", "name value")
+
+
+def let(**binding):
+    """``<-`` for Python.
+
+    Haskell::
+
+        a <- [1, 2, 3]
+
+    Python::
+
+        let(a=List.from_iterable((1, 2, 3)))
+    """
+    if len(binding) != 1:
+        raise ValueError("Expected exactly one binding, got {:d} with values {}".format(len(binding), binding))
+    for k, v in binding.items():
+        return MonadicLet(k, v)
+
+
+def do(*lines):
+    """Do-notation.
+
+    Syntax::
+
+        do(line,
+           ...)
+
+    where each ``line`` is one of::
+
+        let(name=body)   # Haskell:  name <- expr (see below on expr)
+        body             # Haskell:  expr
+
+    where ``name`` is a Python identifier.
+
+      - Use ``let(name=body)`` when you want to bind a name to the extracted value,
+        for use on any following lines.
+
+      - Use only ``body`` when you just want to sequence operations,
+        and on the last line.
+
+    Here ``body`` is one of:
+
+      - An expression ``expr`` that evaluates to a Monad instance.
+
+      - A one-argument function which takes in the environment, such as
+        ``lambda e: expr``, and when called (with the environment as its
+        only argument), returns a Monad instance. This allows accessing
+        the ``let`` bindings in the environment.
+
+    **Examples**. This Haskell::
+
+        do
+          a <- [3, 10, 6]
+          b <- [100, 200]
+          return a + b
+
+    pythonifies as::
+
+        l = lambda *items: List.from_iterable(items)
+        do(let(a=l(3, 10, 6)),      # e.a <- ...
+           let(b=l(100, 200)),      # e.b <- ...
+           lambda e: List.unit(e.a + e.b))  # access the env via lambda e: ...
+
+    which has the same effect as::
+
+        l(3, 10, 6) | (lambda a:
+        l(100, 200) | (lambda b:
+        List.unit(a + b)))
+
+    *Pythagorean triples*. (A classic test case for McCarthy's *amb* operator.)
+
+    Denote ``z`` = hypotenuse, ``x`` = shorter leg, ``y`` = longer leg,
+    so their lengths ``z >= y >= x``. Define::
+
+        def r(low, high):
+            return List.from_iterable(range(low, high))
+
+    Now::
+
+        pt = do(let(z=r(1, 21)),
+                let(x=lambda e: r(1, e.z+1)),  # needs the env to access "z"
+                let(y=lambda e: r(e.x, e.z+1)),
+                lambda e: guard(List, e.x*e.x + e.y*e.y == e.z*e.z),
+                lambda e: List.unit((e.x, e.y, e.z)))
+
+    which has the same effect as::
+
+        pt = r(1, 21)  | (lambda z:
+             r(1, z+1) | (lambda x:
+             r(x, z+1) | (lambda y:
+             guard(List, x*x + y*y == z*z) >>
+             List.unit((x,y,z)))))
+    """
+    # The monadic bind and sequence operators, with any relevant whitespace.
+    bind = " | "
+    seq = " >> "
+
+    class env:
+        def __init__(self):
+            self.names = set()
+
+        def assign(self, k, v):
+            self.names.add(k)
+            setattr(self, k, v)
+
+        # simulate lexical closure property for env attrs
+        #   - freevars: set of names that "fall in" from a surrounding lexical scope
+        def close_over(self, freevars):
+            names_to_clear = {k for k in self.names if k not in freevars}
+            for k in names_to_clear:
+                delattr(self, k)
+            self.names = freevars.copy()
+
+    # stuff used inside the eval
+    e = env()
+
+    def begin(*exprs):  # args eagerly evaluated by Python
+        # begin(e1, e2, ..., en):
+        #   perform side effects e1, e2, ..., e[n-1], return the value of en.
+        return exprs[-1]
+
+    allcode = ""
+    names = set()  # names seen so far (working line by line, so textually!)
+    bodys = []
+    begin_is_open = False
+    for j, item in enumerate(lines):
+        is_first = j == 0
+        is_last = j == len(lines) - 1
+
+        if isinstance(item, MonadicLet):
+            name, body = item
+        else:
+            name, body = None, item
+        bodys.append(body)
+
+        freevars = names.copy()  # names from the surrounding scopes
+        if name:
+            names.add(name)
+
+        if isinstance(body, Monad):  # doesn't need the environment
+            code = "bodys[{j:d}]".format(j=j)
+        elif callable(body):  # lambda e: ...
+            # TODO: check arity (see unpythonic.arity.arity_includes)
+            code = "bodys[{j:d}](e)".format(j=j)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Unexpected body type '{}' with value '{}'".format(type(body), body))
+
+        if begin_is_open:
+            code += ")"
+            begin_is_open = False
+
+        # monadic-bind or sequence to the next item, leaving only the appropriate
+        # names defined in the env (so that we get proper lexical scoping
+        # even though we use an imperative stateful object to implement it)
+        if not is_last:
+            if name:
+                code += "{bind:s}(lambda {n:s}:\nbegin(e.close_over({fvs}), e.assign('{n:s}', {n:s}), ".format(
+                    bind=bind, n=name, fvs=freevars
+                )
+                begin_is_open = True
+            else:
+                if is_first:
+                    code += "{bind:s}(lambda _:\nbegin(e.close_over(set()), ".format(bind=bind)
+                    begin_is_open = True
+                else:
+                    code += "{seq:s}(\n".format(seq=seq)
+
+        allcode += code
+    allcode += ")" * (len(lines) - 1)
+
+    # The eval'd code doesn't close over the current lexical scope,
+    # so provide the necessary names as its globals.
+    return eval(allcode, {"e": e, "bodys": bodys, "begin": begin})
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/either.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/either.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47b5448
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/either.py
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from functools import partial
+
+from typing import Callable, TypeVar, Generic
+
+from oslash.typing import Applicative
+from oslash.typing import Functor
+from oslash.typing import Monad
+
+TSource = TypeVar("TSource")
+TResult = TypeVar("TResult")
+TError = TypeVar("TError")
+
+
+class Either(Generic[TSource, TError]):
+
+    """The Either Monad.
+
+    Represents either a successful computation, or a computation that
+    has failed.
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def map(self, _: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "Either[TResult, TError]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def pure(cls, value: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "Either[Callable[[TSource], TResult], TError]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def apply(
+        self: "Either[Callable[[TSource], TResult], TError]", something: "Either[TSource, TError]"
+    ) -> "Either[TResult, TError]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource) -> "Right[TSource, TError]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], "Either[TResult, TError]"]) -> "Either[TResult, TError]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Right(Either[TSource, TError]):
+
+    """Represents a successful computation."""
+
+    def __init__(self, value: TSource) -> None:
+        self._value = value
+
+    # Functor Section
+    # ===============
+
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> Either[TResult, TError]:
+        result = mapper(self._value)
+        return Right(result)
+
+    # Applicative Section
+    # ===================
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pure(cls, value: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "Right[Callable[[TSource], TResult], TError]":
+        return Right(value)
+
+    def apply(
+        self: "Right[Callable[[TSource], TResult], TError]", something: "Either[TSource, TError]"
+    ) -> "Either[TResult, TError]":
+        def mapper(other_value):
+            try:
+                return self._value(other_value)
+            except TypeError:
+                return partial(self._value, other_value)
+
+        return something.map(mapper)
+
+    # Monad Section
+    # =============
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource) -> "Right[TSource, TError]":
+        return Right(value)
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], Either[TResult, TError]]) -> Either[TResult, TError]:
+        return func(self._value)
+
+    # Operator Overloads
+    # ==================
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, Right) and self._value == other._value
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "Right %s" % self._value
+
+
+class Left(Either[TSource, TError]):
+
+    """Represents a computation that has failed."""
+
+    def __init__(self, error: TError) -> None:
+        self._error = error
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pure(cls, value: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> Either[Callable[[TSource], TResult], TError]:
+        return Right(value)
+
+    def apply(self, something: Either) -> Either:
+        return Left(self._error)
+
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> Either[TResult, TError]:
+        return Left(self._error)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource):
+        return Right(value)
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], Either[TResult, TError]]) -> Either[TResult, TError]:
+        return Left(self._error)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, Left) and self._error == other._error
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "Left: %s" % self._error
+
+
+assert(isinstance(Either, Functor))
+assert(isinstance(Either, Applicative))
+assert(isinstance(Either, Monad))
+
+assert(isinstance(Right, Functor))
+assert(isinstance(Right, Applicative))
+assert(isinstance(Right, Monad))
+
+assert(isinstance(Left, Functor))
+assert(isinstance(Left, Applicative))
+assert(isinstance(Left, Monad))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/identity.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/identity.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33dfde5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/identity.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+from functools import partial
+from typing import TypeVar, Generic, Callable
+
+from .typing import Functor, Monad, Applicative
+
+
+TSource = TypeVar('TSource')
+TResult = TypeVar('TResult')
+
+
+class Identity(Generic[TSource]):
+    """Identity monad.
+
+    The Identity monad is the simplest monad, which attaches no
+    information to values.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, value: TSource) -> None:
+        self._value = value
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource) -> 'Identity[TSource]':
+        """Initialize a new identity."""
+        return Identity(value)
+
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> 'Identity[TResult]':
+        """Map a function over wrapped values."""
+        result = mapper(self._value)
+        return Identity(result)
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], 'Identity[TResult]']) -> 'Identity[TResult]':
+        return func(self._value)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pure(cls, value: TSource):
+        return Identity(value)
+
+    def apply(self: 'Identity[Callable[[TSource], TResult]]', something: 'Identity[TSource]') -> 'Identity[TResult]':
+        def mapper(other_value):
+            try:
+                return self._value(other_value)
+            except TypeError:
+                return partial(self._value, other_value)
+        return something.map(mapper)
+
+    def run(self) -> TSource:
+        return self._value
+
+    def __call__(self) -> TSource:
+        return self.run()
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        return self._value == other()
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "Identity(%s)" % self._value
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+assert isinstance(Identity, Functor)
+assert isinstance(Identity, Applicative)
+assert isinstance(Identity, Monad)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/ioaction.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/ioaction.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..698d48f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/ioaction.py
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+"""Implementation of IO Actions."""
+
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from typing import Any, Callable, Generic, TypeVar, Tuple
+
+from .typing import Functor
+from .typing import Monad
+from .util import indent as ind, Unit
+
+TSource = TypeVar("TSource")
+TResult = TypeVar("TResult")
+
+
+class IO(Generic[TSource]):
+    """A container for a world remaking function.
+
+    IO Actions specify something that can be done. They are not active
+    in and of themselves. They need to be "run" to make something
+    happen. Simply having an action lying around doesn't make anything
+    happen.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource):
+        return Return(value)
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], "IO[TResult]"]) -> "IO[TResult]":
+        """IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b."""
+
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def map(self, func: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "IO[TResult]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def run(self, world: int) -> TSource:
+        """Run IO action."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __or__(self, func):
+        """Use | as operator for bind.
+
+        Provide the | operator instead of the Haskell >>= operator
+        """
+        return self.bind(func)
+
+    def __rshift__(self, next: 'IO[TResult]') -> 'IO[TResult]':
+        """The "Then" operator.
+        Sequentially compose two monadic actions, discarding any value
+        produced by the first, like sequencing operators (such as the
+        semicolon) in imperative languages.
+        Haskell: (>>) :: m a -> m b -> m b
+        """
+        return self.bind(lambda _: next)
+
+    def __call__(self, world: int = 0) -> Any:
+        """Run io action."""
+        return self.run(world)
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __str__(self, m: int = 0, n: int = 0) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return self.__str__()
+
+
+class Return(IO[TSource]):
+    def __init__(self, value: TSource) -> None:
+        """Create IO Action."""
+
+        self._value = value
+
+    def map(self, func: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "IO[TResult]":
+        return Return(func(self._value))
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], "IO[TResult]"]) -> "IO[TResult]":
+        """IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b."""
+
+        return func(self._value)
+
+    def run(self, world: int) -> TSource:
+        """Run IO action."""
+        return self._value
+
+    def __str__(self, m: int = 0, n: int = 0) -> str:
+        a = self._value
+        return f"{ind(m)}Return {a}"
+
+
+class Put(IO[TSource]):
+    """The Put action.
+
+    A container holding a string to be printed to stdout, followed by
+    another IO Action.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, text: str, io: IO) -> None:
+        self._value = text, io
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], IO[TResult]]) -> 'IO[TResult]':
+        """IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b"""
+
+        text, io = self._value
+        return Put(text, io.bind(func))
+
+    def map(self, func: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "IO[TResult]":
+        # Put s (fmap f io)
+        assert self._value is not None
+        text, action = self._value
+        return Put(text, action.map(func))
+
+    def run(self, world: int) -> TSource:
+        """Run IO action"""
+
+        assert self._value is not None
+        text, action = self._value
+        new_world = pure_print(world, text)
+        return action(world=new_world)
+
+    def __call__(self, world: int = 0) -> TSource:
+        return self.run(world)
+
+    def __str__(self, m: int = 0, n: int = 0) -> str:
+        s, io = self._value
+        a = io.__str__(m + 1, n)
+        return '%sPut ("%s",\n%s\n%s)' % (ind(m), s, a, ind(m))
+
+
+class Get(IO[TSource]):
+    """A container holding a function from string -> IO[TSource], which can
+    be applied to whatever string is read from stdin.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, fn: Callable[[str], IO[TSource]]) -> None:
+        self._fn = fn
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], IO[TResult]]) -> IO[TResult]:
+        """IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b"""
+
+        g = self._fn
+        return Get(lambda text: g(text).bind(func))
+
+    def map(self, func: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> IO[TResult]:
+        # Get (\s -> fmap f (g s))
+        g = self._fn
+        return Get(lambda s: g(s).map(func))
+
+    def run(self, world: int) -> TSource:
+        """Run IO Action"""
+
+        func = self._fn
+        new_world, text = pure_input(world)
+        action = func(text)
+        return action(world=new_world)
+
+    def __call__(self, world: int = 0) -> TSource:
+        return self.run(world)
+
+    def __str__(self, m: int = 0, n: int = 0) -> str:
+        g = self._fn
+        i = "x%s" % n
+        a = g(i).__str__(m + 1, n + 1)
+        return "%sGet (%s => \n%s\n%s)" % (ind(m), i, a, ind(m))
+
+
+class ReadFile(IO[str]):
+    """A container holding a filename and a function from string -> IO[str],
+    which can be applied to whatever string is read from the file.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, filename: str, func: Callable[[str], IO]) -> None:
+        self.open_func = open
+        self._value = filename, func
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[Any], IO]) -> IO:
+        """IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b"""
+
+        filename, g = self._value
+        return ReadFile(filename, lambda s: g(s).bind(func))
+
+    def map(self, func: Callable[[Any], Any]) -> IO:
+        # Get (\s -> fmap f (g s))
+        filename, g = self._value
+        return Get(lambda s: g(s).map(func))
+
+    def run(self, world: int) -> str:
+        """Run IO Action"""
+
+        filename, func = self._value
+        f = self.open_func(filename)
+        action = func(f.read())
+        return action(world=world + 1)
+
+    def __call__(self, world: int = 0) -> str:
+        return self.run(world)
+
+    def __str__(self, m: int = 0, n: int = 0) -> str:
+        filename, g = self._value
+        i = "x%s" % n
+        a = g(i).__str__(m + 2, n + 1)
+        return '%sReadFile ("%s",%s => \n%s\n%s)' % (ind(m), filename, i, a, ind(m))
+
+
+def get_line() -> IO[str]:
+    return Get(Return)
+
+
+def put_line(text: str) -> IO:
+    return Put(text, Return(Unit))
+
+
+def read_file(filename: str) -> IO:
+    return ReadFile(filename, Return)
+
+
+def pure_print(world: int, text: str) -> int:
+    print(text)  # Impure. NOTE: If you see this line you need to wash your hands
+    return world + 1
+
+
+def pure_input(world: int) -> Tuple[int, str]:
+    text = input()  # Impure. NOTE: If you see this line you need to wash your hands
+    return (world + 1, text)
+
+
+assert isinstance(IO, Functor)
+assert isinstance(IO, Monad)
+
+assert isinstance(Put, Functor)
+assert isinstance(Put, Monad)
+
+assert isinstance(Get, Functor)
+assert isinstance(Get, Monad)
+
+assert isinstance(ReadFile, Functor)
+assert isinstance(ReadFile, Monad)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/list.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/list.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2c2e24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/list.py
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from functools import partial, reduce
+
+from typing import Callable, Iterator, TypeVar, Iterable, Sized, Any, cast, Union
+
+from .typing import Applicative
+from .typing import Functor
+from .typing import Monoid
+from .typing import Monad
+
+TSource = TypeVar("TSource")
+TResult = TypeVar("TResult")
+TSelector = Callable[[TSource, 'List[TSource]'], Union[TSource, 'List[TSource]']]
+
+
+class List(Iterable[TSource], Sized):
+    """The list monad.
+
+    Wraps an immutable list built from lambda expressions.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: Any) -> 'List':
+        """Wrap a value within the singleton list."""
+        return List.empty().cons(value)
+
+    pure = unit
+
+    @classmethod
+    def empty(cls) -> 'List[TSource]':
+        """Create an empty list."""
+        return Nil()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_iterable(cls, iterable: Iterable) -> 'List':
+        """Create list from iterable."""
+
+        iterator = iter(iterable)
+
+        def recurse() -> List:
+            try:
+                value = next(iterator)
+            except StopIteration:
+
+                return List.empty()
+            return List.unit(value).append(recurse())
+        return List.empty().append(recurse())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def concat(cls, xs):
+        """mconcat :: [m] -> m
+
+        Fold a list using the monoid. For most types, the default
+        definition for mconcat will be used, but the function is
+        included in the class definition so that an optimized version
+        can be provided for specific types.
+        """
+
+        def reducer(a, b):
+            return a + b
+
+        return reduce(reducer, xs, Nil())
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def head(self) -> TSource:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def tail(self) -> 'List[TSource]':
+        """Return tail of List."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def apply(self, something: 'List') -> 'List':
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> 'List[TResult]':
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def bind(self, fn: Callable[[TSource], 'List[TResult]']) -> 'List[TResult]':
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def cons(self, element: TSource) -> 'List[TSource]':
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def append(self, other: 'List[TSource]') -> 'List[TSource]':
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def null(self) -> bool:
+        """Return True if List is empty."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Cons(List[TSource]):
+    """The list cons case monad."""
+
+    def __init__(self, run: Callable[[TSelector], Union[TSource, List[TSource]]]) -> None:
+        """Initialize List."""
+
+        self._list = run
+
+    def cons(self, element: TSource) -> List[TSource]:
+        """Add element to front of List."""
+
+        return Cons(lambda sel: sel(element, self))
+
+    def head(self) -> TSource:
+        """Retrive first element in List."""
+
+        run = self._list
+        return cast(TSource, run(lambda head, _: head))
+
+    def tail(self) -> 'List[TSource]':
+        """Return tail of List."""
+
+        run = self._list
+        return cast(List[TSource], run(lambda _, tail: tail))
+
+    def null(self) -> bool:
+        """Return True if List is empty."""
+        return False
+
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> List[TResult]:
+        """Map a function over a List."""
+        return (self.tail().map(mapper)).cons(mapper(self.head()))
+
+    def apply(self, something: 'List') -> 'List':
+        # fs <*> xs = [f x | f <- fs, x <- xs]
+        try:
+            xs = [f(x) for f in self for x in something]
+        except TypeError:
+            xs = [partial(f, x) for f in self for x in something]
+
+        return List.from_iterable(xs)
+
+    def append(self, other: List[TSource]) -> List[TSource]:
+        """Append other list to this list."""
+
+        return (self.tail().append(other)).cons(self.head())
+
+    def bind(self, fn: Callable[[TSource], List[TResult]]) -> List[TResult]:
+        """Flatten and map the List.
+
+        Haskell: xs >>= f = concat (map f xs)
+        """
+        return List.concat(self.map(fn))
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator:
+        """Return iterator for List."""
+
+        yield self.head()
+        yield from self.tail()
+
+    def __or__(self, func):
+        """Use | as operator for bind.
+
+        Provide the | operator instead of the Haskell >>= operator
+        """
+        return self.bind(func)
+
+    def __rshift__(self, next):
+        """The "Then" operator.
+
+        Sequentially compose two monadic actions, discarding any value
+        produced by the first, like sequencing operators (such as the
+        semicolon) in imperative languages.
+
+        Haskell: (>>) :: m a -> m b -> m b
+        """
+        return self.bind(lambda _: next)
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return self.append(other)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        """Return length of List."""
+
+        return 1 + len(self.tail())
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """Return string representation of List."""
+
+        return "[%s]" % ", ".join([str(x) for x in self])
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        """Return string representation of List."""
+
+        return str(self)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        """Compare if List is equal to other List."""
+
+        if isinstance(other, Nil):
+            return False
+        return self.head() == other.head() and self.tail() == other.tail()
+
+
+class Nil(List[TSource]):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        """Initialize List."""
+        pass
+
+    def cons(self, element: TSource) -> 'List[TSource]':
+        """Add element to front of List."""
+
+        return Cons(lambda sel: sel(element, Nil()))
+
+    def head(self) -> TSource:
+        """Retrive first element in List."""
+
+        raise IndexError("List is empty")
+
+    def tail(self) -> 'List[TSource]':
+        """Return tail of List."""
+
+        raise IndexError("List is empty")
+
+    def null(self) -> bool:
+        """Return True if List is empty."""
+        return True
+
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> List[TResult]:
+        """Map a function over a List."""
+        return Nil()
+
+    def apply(self, something: 'List') -> 'List':
+        # fs <*> xs = [f x | f <- fs, x <- xs]
+        try:
+            xs = [f(x) for f in self for x in something]
+        except TypeError:
+            xs = [partial(f, x) for f in self for x in something]
+
+        return List.from_iterable(xs)
+
+    def append(self, other: List[TSource]) -> List[TSource]:
+        """Append other list to this list."""
+
+        if self.null():
+            return other
+        return (self.tail().append(other)).cons(self.head())
+
+    def bind(self, fn: Callable[[TSource], List[TResult]]) -> List[TResult]:
+        """Flatten and map the List.
+
+        Haskell: xs >>= f = concat (map f xs)
+        """
+        return List.concat(self.map(fn))
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator:
+        """Return iterator for List."""
+
+        while False:
+            yield
+
+    def __or__(self, func):
+        """Use | as operator for bind.
+
+        Provide the | operator instead of the Haskell >>= operator
+        """
+        return self.bind(func)
+
+    def __rshift__(self, next):
+        """The "Then" operator.
+
+        Sequentially compose two monadic actions, discarding any value
+        produced by the first, like sequencing operators (such as the
+        semicolon) in imperative languages.
+
+        Haskell: (>>) :: m a -> m b -> m b
+        """
+        return self.bind(lambda _: next)
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return self.append(other)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        """Return length of List."""
+
+        return 0
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """Return string representation of List."""
+
+        return "[%s]" % ", ".join([str(x) for x in self])
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        """Return string representation of List."""
+
+        return str(self)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        """Compare if List is equal to other List."""
+
+        return True if isinstance(other, Nil) else False
+
+
+assert(isinstance(List, Monoid))
+assert(isinstance(List, Functor))
+assert(isinstance(List, Applicative))
+assert(isinstance(List, Monad))
+
+assert(isinstance(Cons, Monoid))
+assert(isinstance(Cons, Functor))
+assert(isinstance(Cons, Applicative))
+assert(isinstance(Cons, Monad))
+
+assert(isinstance(Nil, Monoid))
+assert(isinstance(Nil, Functor))
+assert(isinstance(Nil, Applicative))
+assert(isinstance(Nil, Monad))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/maybe.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/maybe.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbb65c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/maybe.py
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from functools import reduce, partial
+
+from typing import Callable, Any, Generic, TypeVar, cast
+
+from .typing import Applicative
+from .typing import Functor
+from .typing import Monoid
+from .typing import Monad
+
+TSource = TypeVar("TSource")
+TResult = TypeVar("TResult")
+
+
+class Maybe(Generic[TSource]):
+    """Encapsulates an optional value.
+
+    The Maybe type encapsulates an optional value. A value of type
+    Maybe a either contains a value of (represented as Just a), or it is
+    empty (represented as Nothing). Using Maybe is a good way to deal
+    with errors or exceptional cases without resorting to drastic
+    measures such as error.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def empty(cls) -> "Maybe[TSource]":
+        return Nothing()
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __add__(self, other: "Maybe[TSource]") -> "Maybe[TSource]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "Maybe[TResult]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pure(cls, value: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "Maybe[Callable[[TSource], TResult]]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def apply(self: "Maybe[Callable[[TSource], TResult]]", something: "Maybe[TSource]") -> "Maybe[TResult]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def unit(cls, a: TSource) -> "Maybe[TSource]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def bind(self, fn: Callable[[TSource], "Maybe[TResult]"]) -> "Maybe[TResult]":
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def concat(cls, xs):
+        """mconcat :: [m] -> m
+
+        Fold a list using the monoid. For most types, the default
+        definition for mconcat will be used, but the function is
+        included in the class definition so that an optimized version
+        can be provided for specific types.
+        """
+
+        def reducer(a, b):
+            return a + b
+
+        return reduce(reducer, xs, cls.empty())
+
+    def __rmod__(self, fn):
+        """Infix version of map.
+
+        Haskell: <$>
+
+        Example:
+        >>> (lambda x: x+2) % Just(40)
+        42
+
+        Returns a new Functor.
+        """
+        return self.map(fn)
+
+
+class Just(Maybe[TSource]):
+    """A Maybe that contains a value.
+
+    Represents a Maybe that contains a value (represented as Just a).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, value: TSource) -> None:
+        self._value = value
+
+    # Monoid Section
+    # ==============
+
+    def __add__(self, other: Maybe[TSource]) -> Maybe[TSource]:
+        # m `append` Nothing = m
+        if isinstance(other, Nothing):
+            return self
+
+        # Just m1 `append` Just m2 = Just (m1 `append` m2)
+        return other.map(
+            lambda other_value: cast(Any, self._value) + other_value if hasattr(self._value, "__add__") else Nothing()
+        )
+
+    # Functor Section
+    # ===============
+
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> Maybe[TResult]:
+        # fmap f (Just x) = Just (f x)
+
+        result = mapper(self._value)
+
+        return Just(result)
+
+    # Applicative Section
+    # ===================
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pure(cls, value: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "Just[Callable[[TSource], TResult]]":
+        return Just(value)
+
+    def apply(self: "Just[Callable[[TSource], TResult]]", something: Maybe[TSource]) -> Maybe[TResult]:
+        def mapper(other_value):
+            try:
+                return self._value(other_value)
+            except TypeError:
+                return partial(self._value, other_value)
+
+        return something.map(mapper)
+
+    # Monad Section
+    # =============
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource) -> Maybe[TSource]:
+        return Just(value)
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], Maybe[TResult]]) -> Maybe[TResult]:
+        """Just x >>= f = f x."""
+
+        value = self._value
+        return func(value)
+
+    # Utilities Section
+    # =================
+
+    def is_just(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def is_nothing(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    # Operator Overloads Section
+    # ==========================
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        """Convert Just to bool."""
+        return bool(self._value)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        """Return self == other."""
+
+        if isinstance(other, Nothing):
+            return False
+
+        return bool(other.map(lambda other_value: other_value == self._value))
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "Just %s" % self._value
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+class Nothing(Maybe[TSource]):
+
+    """Represents an empty Maybe.
+
+    Represents an empty Maybe that holds nothing (in which case it has
+    the value of Nothing).
+    """
+
+    # Monoid Section
+    # ==============
+
+    def __add__(self, other: Maybe) -> Maybe:
+        # m `append` Nothing = m
+        return other
+
+    # Functor Section
+    # ===============
+
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> Maybe[TResult]:
+        return Nothing()
+
+    # Applicative Section
+    # ===================
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pure(cls, value: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> Maybe[Callable[[TSource], TResult]]:
+        return Nothing()
+
+    def apply(self: "Nothing[Callable[[TSource], TResult]]", something: Maybe[TSource]) -> Maybe[TResult]:
+        return Nothing()
+
+    # Monad Section
+    # =============
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource) -> Maybe[TSource]:
+        return cls()
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], Maybe[TResult]]) -> Maybe[TResult]:
+        """Nothing >>= f = Nothing
+
+        Nothing in, Nothing out.
+        """
+
+        return Nothing()
+
+    # Utilities Section
+    # =================
+
+    def is_pure(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def is_nothing(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    # Operator Overloads Section
+    # ==========================
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, Nothing)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "Nothing"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+assert issubclass(Just, Maybe)
+assert issubclass(Nothing, Maybe)
+
+assert isinstance(Maybe, Monoid)
+assert isinstance(Maybe, Functor)
+assert isinstance(Maybe, Applicative)
+assert isinstance(Maybe, Monad)
+
+assert isinstance(Just, Monoid)
+assert isinstance(Just, Functor)
+assert isinstance(Just, Applicative)
+assert isinstance(Just, Monad)
+
+assert isinstance(Nothing, Monoid)
+assert isinstance(Nothing, Functor)
+assert isinstance(Nothing, Applicative)
+assert isinstance(Nothing, Monad)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/monadic.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/monadic.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7786f3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/monadic.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+"""Some useful Monadic functions.
+
+This module contains some useful Monadic functions. Most functions
+are extension methods to the Monad class, making them available to
+subclasses that inherit from Monad.
+"""
+from typing import Callable, Any
+
+from .typing import Monad
+
+
+def compose(f: Callable[[Any], Monad], g: Callable[[Any], Monad]) -> Callable[[Any], Monad]:
+    r"""Monadic compose function.
+
+    Right-to-left Kleisli composition of two monadic functions.
+
+    (<=<) :: Monad m => (b -> m c) -> (a -> m b) -> a -> m c
+    f <=< g = \x -> g x >>= f
+    """
+    return lambda x: g(x).bind(f)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/observable.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/observable.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d82b43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/observable.py
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+""" The Observable Monad
+
+* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=looJcaeboBY
+* https://wiki.haskell.org/MonadCont_under_the_hood
+* http://blog.sigfpe.com/2008/12/mother-of-all-monads.html
+* http://www.haskellforall.com/2012/12/the-continuation-monad.html
+
+"""
+
+from typing import Any, Callable, TypeVar, Generic
+
+from .util import identity, compose
+from .typing import Monad, Functor
+
+TSource = TypeVar("TSource")
+TResult = TypeVar("TResult")
+
+
+class Observable(Generic[TSource]):
+
+    """The Rx Observable Monad.
+
+    The Rx Observable monad is based on the Continuation monad
+    representing suspended computations in continuation-passing style
+    (CPS).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subscribe: Callable[[Callable], Any]) -> None:
+        """Observable constructor.
+
+        Keyword arguments:
+        subscribe -- A callable that takes a callable (on_next)
+        """
+        self._get_value = lambda: subscribe
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, x: TSource) -> 'Observable[TSource]':
+        """x -> Observable x"""
+        return cls(lambda on_next: on_next(x))
+    just = unit
+
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> 'Observable[TResult]':
+        r"""Map a function over an observable.
+
+        Haskell: fmap f m = Cont $ \c -> runCont m (c . f)
+        """
+        source = self
+        return Observable(lambda on_next: source.subscribe(compose(on_next, mapper)))
+
+    def bind(self, fn: Callable[[TSource], 'Observable[TResult]']) -> 'Observable[TResult]':
+        r"""Chain continuation passing functions.
+
+        Haskell: m >>= k = Cont $ \c -> runCont m $ \a -> runCont (k a) c
+        """
+        source = self
+        return Observable(lambda on_next: source.subscribe(lambda a: fn(a).subscribe(on_next)))
+    flat_map = bind
+
+    def filter(self, predicate: Callable[[TSource], bool]) -> 'Observable[TSource]':
+        """Filter the on_next continuation functions"""
+        source = self
+
+        def subscribe(on_next):
+            def _next(x):
+                if predicate(x):
+                    on_next(x)
+
+            return source.subscribe(_next)
+        return Observable(subscribe)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def call_cc(fn: Callable) -> 'Observable':
+        r"""call-with-current-continuation.
+
+        Haskell: callCC f = Cont $ \c -> runCont (f (\a -> Cont $ \_ -> c a )) c
+        """
+        def subscribe(on_next):
+            return fn(lambda a: Observable(lambda _: on_next(a))).subscribe(on_next)
+
+        return Observable(subscribe)
+
+    def subscribe(self, on_next: Callable[[TSource], None]) -> Any:
+        return self._get_value()(on_next)
+
+    def __or__(self, func):
+        """Use | as operator for bind.
+
+        Provide the | operator instead of the Haskell >>= operator
+        """
+        return self.bind(func)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        return self.subscribe(identity) == other.subscribe(identity)
+
+
+assert(isinstance(Observable, Functor))
+assert(isinstance(Observable, Monad))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/reader.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/reader.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b985e5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/reader.py
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+from functools import partial
+
+from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, Generic
+
+from .typing import Functor
+from .typing import Monad
+from .typing import Applicative
+
+TEnv = TypeVar("TEnv")
+TSource = TypeVar("TSource")
+TResult = TypeVar("TResult")
+
+
+class Reader(Generic[TEnv, TSource]):
+    """The Reader monad.
+
+    The Reader monad pass the state you want to share between functions.
+    Functions may read that state, but can't change it. The reader monad
+    lets us access shared immutable state within a monadic context.
+
+    The Reader is just a fancy name for a wrapped function, so this
+    monad could also be called the Function monad, or perhaps the
+    Callable monad. Reader is all about composing wrapped functions.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, fn: Callable[[TEnv], TSource]) -> None:
+        """Initialize a new reader."""
+
+        self.fn = fn
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource) -> "Reader[TEnv, TSource]":
+        r"""The return function creates a Reader that ignores the
+        environment and produces the given value.
+
+        return a = Reader $ \_ -> a
+        """
+        return cls(lambda _: value)
+
+    def map(self, fn: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "Reader[TEnv, TResult]":
+        r"""Map a function over the Reader.
+
+        Haskell:
+        fmap f m = Reader $ \r -> f (runReader m r).
+        fmap f g = (\x -> f (g x))
+        """
+
+        def _compose(x: Any) -> Any:
+            return fn(self.run(x))
+
+        return Reader(_compose)
+
+    def bind(self, fn: "Callable[[TSource], Reader[TEnv, TResult]]") -> "Reader[TEnv, TResult]":
+        r"""Bind a monadic function to the Reader.
+
+        Haskell:
+        Reader: m >>= k  = Reader $ \r -> runReader (k (runReader m r)) r
+        Function: h >>= f = \w -> f (h w) w
+        """
+        return Reader(lambda x: fn(self.run(x)).run(x))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pure(cls, fn: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "Reader[TEnv, Callable[[TSource], TResult]]":
+        return Reader.unit(fn)
+
+    def apply(
+        self: "Reader[TEnv, Callable[[TSource], TResult]]", something: "Reader[TEnv, TSource]"
+    ) -> "Reader[TEnv, TResult]":
+        r"""(<*>) :: f (a -> b) -> f a -> f b.
+
+        Haskell: f <*> g = \x -> f x (g x)
+
+        Apply (<*>) is a beefed up map. It takes a Reader that
+        has a function in it and another Reader, and extracts that
+        function from the first Reader and then maps it over the second
+        one (composes the two functions).
+        """
+
+        def comp(env: TEnv):
+            fn: Callable[[TSource], TResult] = self.run(env)
+
+            value: TSource = something.run(env)
+            try:
+                return fn(value)
+            except TypeError:
+                return partial(fn, value)
+
+        return Reader(comp)
+
+    def run(self, env: TEnv) -> TSource:
+        """Run reader in given environment.
+
+        Haskell: runReader :: Reader r a -> r -> a
+
+        Applies given environment on wrapped function.
+        """
+        return self.fn(env)
+
+    def __call__(self, env: TEnv) -> TSource:
+        """Call the wrapped function."""
+
+        return self.run(env)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "Reader(%s)" % repr(self.fn)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+class MonadReader(Reader[TEnv, TSource]):
+
+    """The MonadReader class.
+
+    The MonadReader class provides a number of convenience functions
+    that are very useful when working with a Reader monad.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def ask(cls) -> Reader[TEnv, TEnv]:
+        r"""Reader $ \x -> x
+
+        Provides a way to easily access the environment.
+        ask lets us read the environment and then play with it
+        """
+        return Reader(lambda x: x)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def asks(cls, fn: Callable[[TEnv], TSource]) -> Reader[TEnv, TSource]:
+        """
+        Given a function it returns a Reader which evaluates that
+        function and returns the result.
+
+        asks :: (e -> a) -> R e a
+        asks f = do
+            e <- ask
+            return $ f e
+
+        asks sel = ask >>= return . sel
+        """
+
+        return cls.ask().bind(lambda env: cls.unit(fn(env)))
+
+    def local(self, fn: Callable[[TEnv], TEnv]) -> Reader[TEnv, TSource]:
+        r"""local transforms the environment a Reader sees.
+
+        local f c = Reader $ \e -> runReader c (f e)
+        """
+        return Reader(lambda env: self.run(fn(env)))
+
+
+assert isinstance(Reader, Functor)
+assert isinstance(Reader, Applicative)
+assert isinstance(Reader, Monad)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/state.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/state.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f54e5e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/state.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+from typing import Callable, Tuple, Any, TypeVar, Generic
+
+from .util import Unit
+from .typing import Functor
+from .typing import Monad
+
+TState = TypeVar("TState")
+TSource = TypeVar("TSource")
+TResult = TypeVar("TResult")
+
+
+class State(Generic[TSource, TState]):
+    """The state monad.
+
+    Wraps stateful computations. A stateful computation is a function
+    that takes a state and returns a result and new state:
+
+        state -> (result, state')
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, fn: Callable[[TState], Tuple[TSource, TState]]) -> None:
+        """Initialize a new state.
+
+        Keyword arguments:
+        fn -- State processor.
+        """
+
+        self._fn = fn
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource) -> "State[TSource, TState]":
+        r"""Create new State.
+
+        The unit function creates a new State object wrapping a stateful
+        computation.
+
+        State $ \s -> (x, s)
+        """
+        return cls(lambda state: (value, state))
+
+    def map(self, mapper: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> "State[TResult, TState]":
+        def _(a: Any, state: Any) -> Tuple[Any, Any]:
+            return mapper(a), state
+
+        return State(lambda state: _(*self.run(state)))
+
+    def bind(self, fn: Callable[[TSource], "State[TState, TResult]"]) -> "State[TResult, TState]":
+        r"""m >>= k = State $ \s -> let (a, s') = runState m s
+        in runState (k a) s'
+        """
+
+        def _(result: Any, state: Any) -> Tuple[Any, Any]:
+            return fn(result).run(state)
+
+        return State(lambda state: _(*self.run(state)))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get(cls) -> "State[TState, TState]":
+        r"""get = state $ \s -> (s, s)"""
+        return State(lambda state: (state, state))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def put(cls, new_state: TState) -> "State[Tuple, TState]":
+        r"""put newState = state $ \s -> ((), newState)"""
+        return State(lambda state: (Unit, new_state))
+
+    def run(self, state: TState) -> Tuple[TSource, TState]:
+        """Return wrapped state computation.
+
+        This is the inverse of unit and returns the wrapped function.
+        """
+        return self._fn(state)
+
+    def __call__(self, state: Any) -> Tuple:
+        return self.run(state)
+
+
+assert issubclass(State, Functor)
+assert issubclass(State, Monad)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6dfbf3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# flake8: noqa
+from .applicative import Applicative
+from .functor import Functor
+from .monoid import Monoid
+from .monad import Monad
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/applicative.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/applicative.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17a1921
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/applicative.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod
+
+from typing import Callable, TypeVar, Protocol
+from typing_extensions import runtime_checkable
+
+TSource = TypeVar('TSource')
+TResult = TypeVar('TResult')
+
+
+@runtime_checkable
+class Applicative(Protocol[TSource, TResult]):
+    """Applicative.
+
+    Applicative functors are functors with some extra properties.
+    Most importantly, they allow you to apply functions inside the
+    functor (hence the name).
+
+    To learn more about Applicative functors:
+    * http://www.davesquared.net/2012/05/fp-newbie-learns-applicatives.html
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def apply(self, something):
+        """Apply wrapped callable.
+
+        Python: apply(self: Applicative, something: Applicative[Callable[[A], B]]) -> Applicative
+        Haskell: (<*>) :: f (a -> b) -> f a -> f b.
+
+        Apply (<*>) is a beefed up fmap. It takes a functor value that
+        has a function in it and another functor, and extracts that
+        function from the first functor and then maps it over the second
+        one.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    #def __mul__(self, something):
+    #    """(<*>) :: f (a -> b) -> f a -> f b.
+
+    #    Provide the * as an infix version of apply() since we cannot
+    #    represent the Haskell's <*> operator in Python.
+    #    """
+    #    return self.apply(something)
+
+    #def lift_a2(self, func, b):
+    #    """liftA2 :: (Applicative f) => (a -> b -> c) -> f a -> f b -> f c."""
+
+    #    return func % self * b
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def pure(cls, fn: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> 'Applicative[TSource, TResult]':
+        """Applicative functor constructor.
+
+        Use pure if you're dealing with values in an applicative context
+        (using them with <*>); otherwise, stick to the default class
+        constructor.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/functor.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/functor.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..508a225
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/functor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod
+
+from typing import TypeVar, Protocol, Callable
+from typing_extensions import runtime_checkable
+
+TSource = TypeVar('TSource', covariant=True)
+TResult = TypeVar('TResult')
+
+@runtime_checkable
+class Functor(Protocol[TSource]):
+    """The Functor class is used for types that can be mapped over.
+
+    Instances of Functor should satisfy the following laws:
+
+    Haskell:
+    fmap id  ==  id
+    fmap (f . g)  ==  fmap f . fmap g
+
+    Python:
+    x.map(id) == id(x)
+    x.map(compose(f, g)) == x.map(g).map(f)
+
+    The instances of Functor for lists, Maybe and IO satisfy these laws.
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def map(self, fn: Callable[[TSource], TResult]) -> 'Functor[TResult]':
+        """Map a function over wrapped values.
+
+        Map knows how to apply functions to values that are wrapped in
+        a context.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    # def __rmod__(self, fn):
+    #     """Infix version of map.
+
+    #     Haskell: <$>
+
+    #     Example:
+    #     >>> (lambda x: x+2) % Just(40)
+    #     42
+
+    #     Returns a new Functor.
+    #     """
+    #     return self.map(fn)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/monad.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/monad.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf6f9c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/monad.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+r"""The Monad abstract base class.
+
+All instances of the Monad typeclass should obey the three monad laws:
+
+    1) Left identity: return a >>= f = f a
+    2) Right identity: m >>= return = m
+    3) Associativity: (m >>= f) >>= g = m >>= (\x -> f x >>= g)
+"""
+
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from typing import TypeVar, Protocol, Callable
+from typing_extensions import runtime_checkable
+
+TSource = TypeVar('TSource')
+TResult = TypeVar('TResult')
+
+
+@runtime_checkable
+class Monad(Protocol[TSource]):
+    """Monad protocol"""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def bind(self, fn: Callable[[TSource], 'Monad[TResult]']) -> 'Monad[TResult]':
+        """Monad bind method.
+
+        Python: bind(self: Monad[A], func: Callable[[A], Monad[B]]) -> Monad[B]
+        Haskell: (>>=) :: m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b
+
+        This is the mother of all methods. It's hard to describe what it
+        does, because it can be used for pretty much anything:
+
+        * Transformation, for projecting Monadic values and functions.
+        * Composition, for composing monadic functions.
+        * Chaining, for chaining of functions as a monadic value.
+        * Combining, for combining monadic values.
+        * Sequencing, of Monadic functions.
+        * Flattening, of nested Monadic values.
+        * Variable substitution, assign values to variables.
+
+        The Monad doesn’t specify what is happening, only that whatever
+        is happening satisfies the laws of associativity and identity.
+
+        Returns a new Monad.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def unit(value: TSource) -> 'Monad[TSource]':
+        """Wrap a value in a default context.
+
+        Haskell: return :: a -> m a .
+
+        Inject a value into the monadic type. Since return is a reserved
+        word in Python, we align with Scala and use the name unit
+        instead.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    #def lift(self, func: Callable) -> Monad[B]:
+    #    """Map function over monadic value.
+    #
+    #    Takes a function and a monadic value and maps the function over the
+    #    monadic value
+    #
+    #    Haskell: liftM :: (Monad m) => (a -> b) -> m a -> m b
+    #
+    #    This is really the same function as Functor.fmap, but is instead
+    #    implemented using bind, and does not rely on us inheriting from
+    #    Functor.
+    #    """
+    #
+    #    return self.bind(lambda x: Monad.unit(func(x)))
+
+
+    #def join(self):
+    #    """join :: Monad m => m (m a) -> m a
+    #
+    #    The join function is the conventional monad join operator. It is
+    #    used to remove one level of monadic structure, projecting its
+    #    bound argument into the outer level."""
+
+    #    return self.bind(identity)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/monoid.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/monoid.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6743e83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/typing/monoid.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from typing import Protocol, TypeVar
+from typing_extensions import runtime_checkable
+
+TSource = TypeVar('TSource')
+
+
+@runtime_checkable
+class Monoid(Protocol[TSource]):
+    """The Monoid abstract base class.
+
+    The class of monoids (types with an associative binary operation that
+    has an identity). Instances should satisfy the following laws:
+
+    mappend mempty x = x
+    mappend x mempty = x
+    mappend x (mappend y z) = mappend (mappend x y) z
+    mconcat = foldr mappend mempty
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def empty(cls) -> 'Monoid[TSource]':
+        """Create empty monoid.
+
+        Haskell: mempty :: m
+
+        The empty element and identity of append.
+        """
+
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        """Append other monoid to this monoid.
+
+        Haskell: mappend :: m -> m -> m
+
+        An associative operation
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fbb847
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# flake8: noqa
+from .basic import Unit, indent
+from .fn import compose, identity, fmap
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/basic.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/basic.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e41aa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/basic.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Unit = ()
+
+
+def indent(level, size=2):
+    """Return indentation."""
+    return ' ' * level * size
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/fn.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/fn.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f03fb1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/fn.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+from functools import reduce
+
+from typing import Tuple, Callable, Any, TypeVar, overload  # noqa
+
+A = TypeVar("A")
+B = TypeVar("B")
+C = TypeVar("C")
+D = TypeVar("D")
+E = TypeVar("E")
+F = TypeVar("F")
+G = TypeVar("G")
+
+
+@overload
+def compose() -> Callable[[A], A]:  # pylint: disable=function-redefined
+    ...  # pylint: disable=pointless-statement
+
+
+@overload
+def compose(op1: Callable[[A], B]) -> Callable[[A], B]:  # pylint: disable=function-redefined
+    ...  # pylint: disable=pointless-statement
+
+
+@overload
+def compose(op2: Callable[[B], C], op1: Callable[[A], B]) -> Callable[[A], C]:  # pylint: disable=function-redefined
+    ...  # pylint: disable=pointless-statement
+
+
+@overload
+def compose(
+    op3: Callable[[C], D], op2: Callable[[B], C], op1: Callable[[A], B]  # pylint: disable=function-redefined
+) -> Callable[[A], D]:
+    ...  # pylint: disable=pointless-statement
+
+
+@overload
+def compose(
+    op4: Callable[[D], E],  # pylint: disable=function-redefined
+    op3: Callable[[C], D],
+    op2: Callable[[B], C],
+    op1: Callable[[A], B],
+) -> Callable[[A], E]:
+    ...  # pylint: disable=pointless-statement
+
+
+@overload
+def compose(
+    op5: Callable[[E], F],  # pylint: disable=function-redefined
+    op4: Callable[[D], E],
+    op3: Callable[[C], D],
+    op2: Callable[[B], C],
+    op1: Callable[[A], B],
+) -> Callable[[A], F]:
+    ...  # pylint: disable=pointless-statement
+
+
+@overload
+def compose(
+    op1: Callable[[A], B],  # pylint: disable=function-redefined,too-many-arguments
+    op2: Callable[[B], C],
+    op3: Callable[[C], D],
+    op4: Callable[[D], E],
+    op5: Callable[[E], F],
+    op6: Callable[[F], G],
+) -> Callable[[A], G]:
+    ...  # pylint: disable=pointless-statement
+
+
+def compose(*funcs: Callable) -> Callable:  # type: ignore
+    """Compose multiple functions right to left.
+
+    Composes zero or more functions into a functional composition. The
+    functions are composed right to left. A composition of zero
+    functions gives back the identity function.
+
+    compose()(x) == x
+    compose(f)(x) == f(x)
+    compose(g, f)(x) == g(f(x))
+    compose(h, g, f)(x) == h(g(f(x)))
+    ...
+
+    Returns the composed function.
+    """
+
+    def _compose(source: Any) -> Any:
+        return reduce(lambda acc, f: f(acc), funcs[::-1], source)
+
+    return _compose
+
+
+fmap = lambda f, g: compose(f, g)  # To force partial application
+
+identity = compose()  # type: Callable
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/numerals.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/numerals.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c554828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/util/numerals.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""
+Lambda calculus.
+
+* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_encoding
+* http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~axj/pub/papers/lambda-calculus.pdf
+* http://vanderwijk.info/blog/pure-lambda-calculus-python/
+* http://eflorenzano.com/blog/2008/11/20/lambda-calculus/
+
+Just for the fun of it.
+"""
+
+
+identity = lambda x: x
+self_apply = lambda s: s(s)
+
+select_first = lambda first: lambda second: first
+select_second = lambda first: lambda second: second
+
+make_pair = lambda first: lambda second: lambda func: func(first)(second)
+
+apply = lambda func: lambda arg: func(arg)
+
+cond = lambda e1: lambda e2: lambda c: c(e1)(e2)
+
+true = select_first
+false = select_second
+
+iff = lambda c, a, b: c(a)(b)
+
+not_ = lambda x: cond(false)(true)(x)
+and_ = lambda x: lambda y: x(y)(false)
+or_ = lambda x: lambda y: x(true)(y)
+
+# succ = λn.λf.λx.f (n f x)
+succ = lambda n: lambda f: lambda x: f(n(f)(x))
+
+zero = lambda f: identity
+one = lambda f: lambda x: f(x)
+
+two = succ(one)
+three = succ(two)
+
+iszero = lambda n: n(select_first)
+
+to_int = lambda n: n(lambda x: x + 1)(0)
+printl = lambda n: n(lambda x: x + 1)(0)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/writer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/writer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fe86c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/oslash/writer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+from typing import Callable, Tuple, Any, TypeVar, Generic, Union, cast
+
+from .typing import Functor
+from .typing import Monad
+from .typing import Monoid
+
+TLog = TypeVar("TLog", str, Monoid)
+TSource = TypeVar("TSource")
+TResult = TypeVar("TResult")
+
+
+class Writer(Generic[TSource, TLog]):
+    """The writer monad."""
+
+    def __init__(self, value: TSource, log: TLog) -> None:
+        """Initialize a new writer.
+
+        value Value to
+        """
+
+        self._value: Tuple[TSource, TLog] = (value, log)
+
+    def map(self, func: Callable[[Tuple[TSource, TLog]], Tuple[TResult, TLog]]) -> 'Writer[TResult, TLog]':
+        """Map a function func over the Writer value.
+
+        Haskell:
+        fmap f m = Writer $ let (a, w) = runWriter m in (f a, w)
+
+        Keyword arguments:
+        func -- Mapper function:
+        """
+        a, w = self.run()
+        b, _w = func((a, w))
+        return Writer(b, _w)
+
+    def bind(self, func: Callable[[TSource], 'Writer[TResult, TLog]']) -> 'Writer[TResult, TLog]':
+        """Flat is better than nested.
+
+        Haskell:
+        (Writer (x, v)) >>= f = let
+            (Writer (y, v')) = f x in Writer (y, v `append` v')
+        """
+        a, w = self.run()
+        b, w_ = func(a).run()
+
+        w__ = w + w_
+
+        return Writer(b, w__)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unit(cls, value: TSource) -> 'Writer[TSource, TLog]':
+        """Wrap a single value in a Writer.
+
+        Use the factory method to create *Writer classes that
+        uses a different monoid than str, or use the constructor
+        directly.
+        """
+        return Writer(value, log=cast(TLog, ""))
+
+    def run(self) -> Tuple[TSource, TLog]:
+        """Extract value from Writer.
+
+        This is the inverse function of the constructor and converts the
+        Writer to s simple tuple.
+        """
+        return self._value
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def apply_log(a: tuple, func: Callable[[Any], Tuple[TSource, TLog]]) -> Tuple[TSource, TLog]:
+        """Apply a function to a value with a log.
+
+        Helper function to apply a function to a value with a log tuple.
+        """
+        value, log = a
+        new, entry = func(value)
+        return new, log + entry
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, class_name: str, monoid_type=Union[Monoid, str]):
+        """Create Writer subclass using specified monoid type. lets us
+        create a Writer that uses a different monoid than str for the
+        log.
+
+        Usage:
+            StringWriter = Writer.create("StringWriter", str)
+            IntWriter = Writer.create("IntWriter", int)
+            ...
+        """
+
+        def unit(cls, value):
+            if hasattr(monoid_type, "empty"):
+                log = monoid_type.empty()
+            else:
+                log = monoid_type()
+
+            return cls(value, log)
+
+        return type(class_name, (Writer, ), dict(unit=classmethod(unit)))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        return self.run() == other.run()
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "%s :: %s" % self.run()
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+class MonadWriter(Writer[Any, TLog]):
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tell(cls, log: TLog) -> 'MonadWriter':
+        return cls(None, log)
+
+
+StringWriter = Writer.create("StringWriter", str)
+
+
+assert(isinstance(Writer, Functor))
+assert(isinstance(Writer, Monad))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/LICENSE.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e7b65e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Copyright (c) 2008-present The pip developers (see AUTHORS.txt file)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e68399
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: pip
+Version: 22.0.4
+Summary: The PyPA recommended tool for installing Python packages.
+Home-page: https://pip.pypa.io/
+Author: The pip developers
+Author-email: distutils-sig@python.org
+License: MIT
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://pip.pypa.io
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/pypa/pip
+Project-URL: Changelog, https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/news/
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Build Tools
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Requires-Python: >=3.7
+License-File: LICENSE.txt
+
+pip - The Python Package Installer
+==================================
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/pip.svg
+   :target: https://pypi.org/project/pip/
+
+.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/pip/badge/?version=latest
+   :target: https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest
+
+pip is the `package installer`_ for Python. You can use pip to install packages from the `Python Package Index`_ and other indexes.
+
+Please take a look at our documentation for how to install and use pip:
+
+* `Installation`_
+* `Usage`_
+
+We release updates regularly, with a new version every 3 months. Find more details in our documentation:
+
+* `Release notes`_
+* `Release process`_
+
+In pip 20.3, we've `made a big improvement to the heart of pip`_; `learn more`_. We want your input, so `sign up for our user experience research studies`_ to help us do it right.
+
+**Note**: pip 21.0, in January 2021, removed Python 2 support, per pip's `Python 2 support policy`_. Please migrate to Python 3.
+
+If you find bugs, need help, or want to talk to the developers, please use our mailing lists or chat rooms:
+
+* `Issue tracking`_
+* `Discourse channel`_
+* `User IRC`_
+
+If you want to get involved head over to GitHub to get the source code, look at our development documentation and feel free to jump on the developer mailing lists and chat rooms:
+
+* `GitHub page`_
+* `Development documentation`_
+* `Development mailing list`_
+* `Development IRC`_
+
+Code of Conduct
+---------------
+
+Everyone interacting in the pip project's codebases, issue trackers, chat
+rooms, and mailing lists is expected to follow the `PSF Code of Conduct`_.
+
+.. _package installer: https://packaging.python.org/guides/tool-recommendations/
+.. _Python Package Index: https://pypi.org
+.. _Installation: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installation/
+.. _Usage: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/
+.. _Release notes: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/news.html
+.. _Release process: https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/
+.. _GitHub page: https://github.com/pypa/pip
+.. _Development documentation: https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development
+.. _made a big improvement to the heart of pip: https://pyfound.blogspot.com/2020/11/pip-20-3-new-resolver.html
+.. _learn more: https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/user_guide/#changes-to-the-pip-dependency-resolver-in-20-3-2020
+.. _sign up for our user experience research studies: https://pyfound.blogspot.com/2020/03/new-pip-resolver-to-roll-out-this-year.html
+.. _Python 2 support policy: https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support
+.. _Issue tracking: https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues
+.. _Discourse channel: https://discuss.python.org/c/packaging
+.. _Development mailing list: https://mail.python.org/mailman3/lists/distutils-sig.python.org/
+.. _User IRC: https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/#ircs://irc.libera.chat:+6697/pypa
+.. _Development IRC: https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/#ircs://irc.libera.chat:+6697/pypa-dev
+.. _PSF Code of Conduct: https://github.com/pypa/.github/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
+
+
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a20f983
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+pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/backports/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/backports/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/backports/__pycache__/makefile.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/backports/makefile.py,sha256=nbzt3i0agPVP07jqqgjhaYjMmuAi_W5E0EywZivVO8E,1417
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/six.py,sha256=1LVW7ljqRirFlfExjwl-v1B7vSAUNTmzGMs-qays2zg,34666
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/poolmanager.py,sha256=whzlX6UTEgODMOCy0ZDMUONRBCz5wyIM8Z9opXAY-Lk,19763
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/request.py,sha256=ZFSIqX0C6WizixecChZ3_okyu7BEv0lZu1VT0s6h4SM,5985
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py,sha256=hGhGBh7TkEkh_IQg5C1W_xuPNrgIKv5BUXPyE-q0LuE,28203
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__init__.py,sha256=JEmSmmqqLyaw8P51gUImZh8Gwg9i1zSe-DoqAitn2nc,1155
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/connection.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/proxy.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/queue.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/request.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/response.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/retry.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/ssl_.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/ssl_match_hostname.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/ssltransport.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/timeout.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/url.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__pycache__/wait.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/connection.py,sha256=5Lx2B1PW29KxBn2T0xkN1CBgRBa3gGVJBKoQoRogEVk,4901
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/proxy.py,sha256=zUvPPCJrp6dOF0N4GAVbOcl6o-4uXKSrGiTkkr5vUS4,1605
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/queue.py,sha256=nRgX8_eX-_VkvxoX096QWoz8Ps0QHUAExILCY_7PncM,498
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/request.py,sha256=NnzaEKQ1Pauw5MFMV6HmgEMHITf0Aua9fQuzi2uZzGc,4123
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/response.py,sha256=GJpg3Egi9qaJXRwBh5wv-MNuRWan5BIu40oReoxWP28,3510
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/retry.py,sha256=iESg2PvViNdXBRY4MpL4h0kqwOOkHkxmLn1kkhFHPU8,22001
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssl_.py,sha256=X4-AqW91aYPhPx6-xbf66yHFQKbqqfC_5Zt4WkLX1Hc,17177
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssl_match_hostname.py,sha256=w01jCYuwvQ038p9mhc1P1gF8IiTN1qHakThpoukOlbw,5751
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssltransport.py,sha256=NA-u5rMTrDFDFC8QzRKUEKMG0561hOD4qBTr3Z4pv6E,6895
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/timeout.py,sha256=QSbBUNOB9yh6AnDn61SrLQ0hg5oz0I9-uXEG91AJuIg,10003
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/url.py,sha256=QVEzcbHipbXyCWwH6R4K4TR-N8T4LM55WEMwNUTBmLE,14047
+pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/wait.py,sha256=3MUKRSAUJDB2tgco7qRUskW0zXGAWYvRRE4Q1_6xlLs,5404
+pip/_vendor/vendor.txt,sha256=SpijkWP2aapE1DEgOKL1wxuOz1ztM7E2Xs2PZ-V1PKA,496
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/__init__.py,sha256=qOBJIuPy_4ByYH6W_bNgJF-qYQ2DoU-dKsDu5yRWCXg,10579
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/__pycache__/labels.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/__pycache__/mklabels.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/__pycache__/tests.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/__pycache__/x_user_defined.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/labels.py,sha256=4AO_KxTddqGtrL9ns7kAPjb0CcN6xsCIxbK37HY9r3E,8979
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/mklabels.py,sha256=GYIeywnpaLnP0GSic8LFWgd0UVvO_l1Nc6YoF-87R_4,1305
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/tests.py,sha256=OtGLyjhNY1fvkW1GvLJ_FV9ZoqC9Anyjr7q3kxTbzNs,6563
+pip/_vendor/webencodings/x_user_defined.py,sha256=yOqWSdmpytGfUgh_Z6JYgDNhoc-BAHyyeeT15Fr42tM,4307
+pip/py.typed,sha256=EBVvvPRTn_eIpz5e5QztSCdrMX7Qwd7VP93RSoIlZ2I,286
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/REQUESTED b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/REQUESTED
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..becc9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9609f72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[console_scripts]
+pip = pip._internal.cli.main:main
+pip3 = pip._internal.cli.main:main
+pip3.9 = pip._internal.cli.main:main
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-22.0.4.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a0d263
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+__version__ = "22.0.4"
+
+
+def main(args: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> int:
+    """This is an internal API only meant for use by pip's own console scripts.
+
+    For additional details, see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/7498.
+    """
+    from pip._internal.utils.entrypoints import _wrapper
+
+    return _wrapper(args)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/__main__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe34a7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+# Remove '' and current working directory from the first entry
+# of sys.path, if present to avoid using current directory
+# in pip commands check, freeze, install, list and show,
+# when invoked as python -m pip <command>
+if sys.path[0] in ("", os.getcwd()):
+    sys.path.pop(0)
+
+# If we are running from a wheel, add the wheel to sys.path
+# This allows the usage python pip-*.whl/pip install pip-*.whl
+if __package__ == "":
+    # __file__ is pip-*.whl/pip/__main__.py
+    # first dirname call strips of '/__main__.py', second strips off '/pip'
+    # Resulting path is the name of the wheel itself
+    # Add that to sys.path so we can import pip
+    path = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+    sys.path.insert(0, path)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Work around the error reported in #9540, pending a proper fix.
+    # Note: It is essential the warning filter is set *before* importing
+    #       pip, as the deprecation happens at import time, not runtime.
+    warnings.filterwarnings(
+        "ignore", category=DeprecationWarning, module=".*packaging\\.version"
+    )
+    from pip._internal.cli.main import main as _main
+
+    sys.exit(_main())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6afb5c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+import pip._internal.utils.inject_securetransport  # noqa
+from pip._internal.utils import _log
+
+# init_logging() must be called before any call to logging.getLogger()
+# which happens at import of most modules.
+_log.init_logging()
+
+
+def main(args: (Optional[List[str]]) = None) -> int:
+    """This is preserved for old console scripts that may still be referencing
+    it.
+
+    For additional details, see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/7498.
+    """
+    from pip._internal.utils.entrypoints import _wrapper
+
+    return _wrapper(args)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/build_env.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/build_env.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..daeb7fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/build_env.py
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+"""Build Environment used for isolation during sdist building
+"""
+
+import contextlib
+import logging
+import os
+import pathlib
+import sys
+import textwrap
+import zipfile
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from sysconfig import get_paths
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Iterable, Iterator, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Type
+
+from pip._vendor.certifi import where
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import Requirement
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import Version
+
+from pip import __file__ as pip_location
+from pip._internal.cli.spinners import open_spinner
+from pip._internal.locations import get_platlib, get_prefixed_libs, get_purelib
+from pip._internal.metadata import get_environment
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import call_subprocess
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory, tempdir_kinds
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class _Prefix:
+    def __init__(self, path: str) -> None:
+        self.path = path
+        self.setup = False
+        self.bin_dir = get_paths(
+            "nt" if os.name == "nt" else "posix_prefix",
+            vars={"base": path, "platbase": path},
+        )["scripts"]
+        self.lib_dirs = get_prefixed_libs(path)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def _create_standalone_pip() -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Create a "standalone pip" zip file.
+
+    The zip file's content is identical to the currently-running pip.
+    It will be used to install requirements into the build environment.
+    """
+    source = pathlib.Path(pip_location).resolve().parent
+
+    # Return the current instance if `source` is not a directory. We can't build
+    # a zip from this, and it likely means the instance is already standalone.
+    if not source.is_dir():
+        yield str(source)
+        return
+
+    with TempDirectory(kind="standalone-pip") as tmp_dir:
+        pip_zip = os.path.join(tmp_dir.path, "__env_pip__.zip")
+        kwargs = {}
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+            kwargs["strict_timestamps"] = False
+        with zipfile.ZipFile(pip_zip, "w", **kwargs) as zf:
+            for child in source.rglob("*"):
+                zf.write(child, child.relative_to(source.parent).as_posix())
+        yield os.path.join(pip_zip, "pip")
+
+
+class BuildEnvironment:
+    """Creates and manages an isolated environment to install build deps"""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind=tempdir_kinds.BUILD_ENV, globally_managed=True)
+
+        self._prefixes = OrderedDict(
+            (name, _Prefix(os.path.join(temp_dir.path, name)))
+            for name in ("normal", "overlay")
+        )
+
+        self._bin_dirs: List[str] = []
+        self._lib_dirs: List[str] = []
+        for prefix in reversed(list(self._prefixes.values())):
+            self._bin_dirs.append(prefix.bin_dir)
+            self._lib_dirs.extend(prefix.lib_dirs)
+
+        # Customize site to:
+        # - ensure .pth files are honored
+        # - prevent access to system site packages
+        system_sites = {
+            os.path.normcase(site) for site in (get_purelib(), get_platlib())
+        }
+        self._site_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir.path, "site")
+        if not os.path.exists(self._site_dir):
+            os.mkdir(self._site_dir)
+        with open(
+            os.path.join(self._site_dir, "sitecustomize.py"), "w", encoding="utf-8"
+        ) as fp:
+            fp.write(
+                textwrap.dedent(
+                    """
+                import os, site, sys
+
+                # First, drop system-sites related paths.
+                original_sys_path = sys.path[:]
+                known_paths = set()
+                for path in {system_sites!r}:
+                    site.addsitedir(path, known_paths=known_paths)
+                system_paths = set(
+                    os.path.normcase(path)
+                    for path in sys.path[len(original_sys_path):]
+                )
+                original_sys_path = [
+                    path for path in original_sys_path
+                    if os.path.normcase(path) not in system_paths
+                ]
+                sys.path = original_sys_path
+
+                # Second, add lib directories.
+                # ensuring .pth file are processed.
+                for path in {lib_dirs!r}:
+                    assert not path in sys.path
+                    site.addsitedir(path)
+                """
+                ).format(system_sites=system_sites, lib_dirs=self._lib_dirs)
+            )
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> None:
+        self._save_env = {
+            name: os.environ.get(name, None)
+            for name in ("PATH", "PYTHONNOUSERSITE", "PYTHONPATH")
+        }
+
+        path = self._bin_dirs[:]
+        old_path = self._save_env["PATH"]
+        if old_path:
+            path.extend(old_path.split(os.pathsep))
+
+        pythonpath = [self._site_dir]
+
+        os.environ.update(
+            {
+                "PATH": os.pathsep.join(path),
+                "PYTHONNOUSERSITE": "1",
+                "PYTHONPATH": os.pathsep.join(pythonpath),
+            }
+        )
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        for varname, old_value in self._save_env.items():
+            if old_value is None:
+                os.environ.pop(varname, None)
+            else:
+                os.environ[varname] = old_value
+
+    def check_requirements(
+        self, reqs: Iterable[str]
+    ) -> Tuple[Set[Tuple[str, str]], Set[str]]:
+        """Return 2 sets:
+        - conflicting requirements: set of (installed, wanted) reqs tuples
+        - missing requirements: set of reqs
+        """
+        missing = set()
+        conflicting = set()
+        if reqs:
+            env = get_environment(self._lib_dirs)
+            for req_str in reqs:
+                req = Requirement(req_str)
+                dist = env.get_distribution(req.name)
+                if not dist:
+                    missing.add(req_str)
+                    continue
+                if isinstance(dist.version, Version):
+                    installed_req_str = f"{req.name}=={dist.version}"
+                else:
+                    installed_req_str = f"{req.name}==={dist.version}"
+                if dist.version not in req.specifier:
+                    conflicting.add((installed_req_str, req_str))
+                # FIXME: Consider direct URL?
+        return conflicting, missing
+
+    def install_requirements(
+        self,
+        finder: "PackageFinder",
+        requirements: Iterable[str],
+        prefix_as_string: str,
+        *,
+        kind: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        prefix = self._prefixes[prefix_as_string]
+        assert not prefix.setup
+        prefix.setup = True
+        if not requirements:
+            return
+        with contextlib.ExitStack() as ctx:
+            pip_runnable = ctx.enter_context(_create_standalone_pip())
+            self._install_requirements(
+                pip_runnable,
+                finder,
+                requirements,
+                prefix,
+                kind=kind,
+            )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _install_requirements(
+        pip_runnable: str,
+        finder: "PackageFinder",
+        requirements: Iterable[str],
+        prefix: _Prefix,
+        *,
+        kind: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        args: List[str] = [
+            sys.executable,
+            pip_runnable,
+            "install",
+            "--ignore-installed",
+            "--no-user",
+            "--prefix",
+            prefix.path,
+            "--no-warn-script-location",
+        ]
+        if logger.getEffectiveLevel() <= logging.DEBUG:
+            args.append("-v")
+        for format_control in ("no_binary", "only_binary"):
+            formats = getattr(finder.format_control, format_control)
+            args.extend(
+                (
+                    "--" + format_control.replace("_", "-"),
+                    ",".join(sorted(formats or {":none:"})),
+                )
+            )
+
+        index_urls = finder.index_urls
+        if index_urls:
+            args.extend(["-i", index_urls[0]])
+            for extra_index in index_urls[1:]:
+                args.extend(["--extra-index-url", extra_index])
+        else:
+            args.append("--no-index")
+        for link in finder.find_links:
+            args.extend(["--find-links", link])
+
+        for host in finder.trusted_hosts:
+            args.extend(["--trusted-host", host])
+        if finder.allow_all_prereleases:
+            args.append("--pre")
+        if finder.prefer_binary:
+            args.append("--prefer-binary")
+        args.append("--")
+        args.extend(requirements)
+        extra_environ = {"_PIP_STANDALONE_CERT": where()}
+        with open_spinner(f"Installing {kind}") as spinner:
+            call_subprocess(
+                args,
+                command_desc=f"pip subprocess to install {kind}",
+                spinner=spinner,
+                extra_environ=extra_environ,
+            )
+
+
+class NoOpBuildEnvironment(BuildEnvironment):
+    """A no-op drop-in replacement for BuildEnvironment"""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def install_requirements(
+        self,
+        finder: "PackageFinder",
+        requirements: Iterable[str],
+        prefix_as_string: str,
+        *,
+        kind: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cache.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d6df22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+"""Cache Management
+"""
+
+import hashlib
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Set
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.tags import Tag, interpreter_name, interpreter_version
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InvalidWheelFilename
+from pip._internal.models.format_control import FormatControl
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.models.wheel import Wheel
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory, tempdir_kinds
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import path_to_url
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _hash_dict(d: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
+    """Return a stable sha224 of a dictionary."""
+    s = json.dumps(d, sort_keys=True, separators=(",", ":"), ensure_ascii=True)
+    return hashlib.sha224(s.encode("ascii")).hexdigest()
+
+
+class Cache:
+    """An abstract class - provides cache directories for data from links
+
+
+    :param cache_dir: The root of the cache.
+    :param format_control: An object of FormatControl class to limit
+        binaries being read from the cache.
+    :param allowed_formats: which formats of files the cache should store.
+        ('binary' and 'source' are the only allowed values)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, cache_dir: str, format_control: FormatControl, allowed_formats: Set[str]
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        assert not cache_dir or os.path.isabs(cache_dir)
+        self.cache_dir = cache_dir or None
+        self.format_control = format_control
+        self.allowed_formats = allowed_formats
+
+        _valid_formats = {"source", "binary"}
+        assert self.allowed_formats.union(_valid_formats) == _valid_formats
+
+    def _get_cache_path_parts(self, link: Link) -> List[str]:
+        """Get parts of part that must be os.path.joined with cache_dir"""
+
+        # We want to generate an url to use as our cache key, we don't want to
+        # just re-use the URL because it might have other items in the fragment
+        # and we don't care about those.
+        key_parts = {"url": link.url_without_fragment}
+        if link.hash_name is not None and link.hash is not None:
+            key_parts[link.hash_name] = link.hash
+        if link.subdirectory_fragment:
+            key_parts["subdirectory"] = link.subdirectory_fragment
+
+        # Include interpreter name, major and minor version in cache key
+        # to cope with ill-behaved sdists that build a different wheel
+        # depending on the python version their setup.py is being run on,
+        # and don't encode the difference in compatibility tags.
+        # https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/7296
+        key_parts["interpreter_name"] = interpreter_name()
+        key_parts["interpreter_version"] = interpreter_version()
+
+        # Encode our key url with sha224, we'll use this because it has similar
+        # security properties to sha256, but with a shorter total output (and
+        # thus less secure). However the differences don't make a lot of
+        # difference for our use case here.
+        hashed = _hash_dict(key_parts)
+
+        # We want to nest the directories some to prevent having a ton of top
+        # level directories where we might run out of sub directories on some
+        # FS.
+        parts = [hashed[:2], hashed[2:4], hashed[4:6], hashed[6:]]
+
+        return parts
+
+    def _get_candidates(self, link: Link, canonical_package_name: str) -> List[Any]:
+        can_not_cache = not self.cache_dir or not canonical_package_name or not link
+        if can_not_cache:
+            return []
+
+        formats = self.format_control.get_allowed_formats(canonical_package_name)
+        if not self.allowed_formats.intersection(formats):
+            return []
+
+        candidates = []
+        path = self.get_path_for_link(link)
+        if os.path.isdir(path):
+            for candidate in os.listdir(path):
+                candidates.append((candidate, path))
+        return candidates
+
+    def get_path_for_link(self, link: Link) -> str:
+        """Return a directory to store cached items in for link."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def get(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+        package_name: Optional[str],
+        supported_tags: List[Tag],
+    ) -> Link:
+        """Returns a link to a cached item if it exists, otherwise returns the
+        passed link.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class SimpleWheelCache(Cache):
+    """A cache of wheels for future installs."""
+
+    def __init__(self, cache_dir: str, format_control: FormatControl) -> None:
+        super().__init__(cache_dir, format_control, {"binary"})
+
+    def get_path_for_link(self, link: Link) -> str:
+        """Return a directory to store cached wheels for link
+
+        Because there are M wheels for any one sdist, we provide a directory
+        to cache them in, and then consult that directory when looking up
+        cache hits.
+
+        We only insert things into the cache if they have plausible version
+        numbers, so that we don't contaminate the cache with things that were
+        not unique. E.g. ./package might have dozens of installs done for it
+        and build a version of 0.0...and if we built and cached a wheel, we'd
+        end up using the same wheel even if the source has been edited.
+
+        :param link: The link of the sdist for which this will cache wheels.
+        """
+        parts = self._get_cache_path_parts(link)
+        assert self.cache_dir
+        # Store wheels within the root cache_dir
+        return os.path.join(self.cache_dir, "wheels", *parts)
+
+    def get(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+        package_name: Optional[str],
+        supported_tags: List[Tag],
+    ) -> Link:
+        candidates = []
+
+        if not package_name:
+            return link
+
+        canonical_package_name = canonicalize_name(package_name)
+        for wheel_name, wheel_dir in self._get_candidates(link, canonical_package_name):
+            try:
+                wheel = Wheel(wheel_name)
+            except InvalidWheelFilename:
+                continue
+            if canonicalize_name(wheel.name) != canonical_package_name:
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Ignoring cached wheel %s for %s as it "
+                    "does not match the expected distribution name %s.",
+                    wheel_name,
+                    link,
+                    package_name,
+                )
+                continue
+            if not wheel.supported(supported_tags):
+                # Built for a different python/arch/etc
+                continue
+            candidates.append(
+                (
+                    wheel.support_index_min(supported_tags),
+                    wheel_name,
+                    wheel_dir,
+                )
+            )
+
+        if not candidates:
+            return link
+
+        _, wheel_name, wheel_dir = min(candidates)
+        return Link(path_to_url(os.path.join(wheel_dir, wheel_name)))
+
+
+class EphemWheelCache(SimpleWheelCache):
+    """A SimpleWheelCache that creates it's own temporary cache directory"""
+
+    def __init__(self, format_control: FormatControl) -> None:
+        self._temp_dir = TempDirectory(
+            kind=tempdir_kinds.EPHEM_WHEEL_CACHE,
+            globally_managed=True,
+        )
+
+        super().__init__(self._temp_dir.path, format_control)
+
+
+class CacheEntry:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+        persistent: bool,
+    ):
+        self.link = link
+        self.persistent = persistent
+
+
+class WheelCache(Cache):
+    """Wraps EphemWheelCache and SimpleWheelCache into a single Cache
+
+    This Cache allows for gracefully degradation, using the ephem wheel cache
+    when a certain link is not found in the simple wheel cache first.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, cache_dir: str, format_control: FormatControl) -> None:
+        super().__init__(cache_dir, format_control, {"binary"})
+        self._wheel_cache = SimpleWheelCache(cache_dir, format_control)
+        self._ephem_cache = EphemWheelCache(format_control)
+
+    def get_path_for_link(self, link: Link) -> str:
+        return self._wheel_cache.get_path_for_link(link)
+
+    def get_ephem_path_for_link(self, link: Link) -> str:
+        return self._ephem_cache.get_path_for_link(link)
+
+    def get(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+        package_name: Optional[str],
+        supported_tags: List[Tag],
+    ) -> Link:
+        cache_entry = self.get_cache_entry(link, package_name, supported_tags)
+        if cache_entry is None:
+            return link
+        return cache_entry.link
+
+    def get_cache_entry(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+        package_name: Optional[str],
+        supported_tags: List[Tag],
+    ) -> Optional[CacheEntry]:
+        """Returns a CacheEntry with a link to a cached item if it exists or
+        None. The cache entry indicates if the item was found in the persistent
+        or ephemeral cache.
+        """
+        retval = self._wheel_cache.get(
+            link=link,
+            package_name=package_name,
+            supported_tags=supported_tags,
+        )
+        if retval is not link:
+            return CacheEntry(retval, persistent=True)
+
+        retval = self._ephem_cache.get(
+            link=link,
+            package_name=package_name,
+            supported_tags=supported_tags,
+        )
+        if retval is not link:
+            return CacheEntry(retval, persistent=False)
+
+        return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e589bb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""Subpackage containing all of pip's command line interface related code
+"""
+
+# This file intentionally does not import submodules
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..226fe84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+"""Logic that powers autocompletion installed by ``pip completion``.
+"""
+
+import optparse
+import os
+import sys
+from itertools import chain
+from typing import Any, Iterable, List, Optional
+
+from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import create_main_parser
+from pip._internal.commands import commands_dict, create_command
+from pip._internal.metadata import get_default_environment
+
+
+def autocomplete() -> None:
+    """Entry Point for completion of main and subcommand options."""
+    # Don't complete if user hasn't sourced bash_completion file.
+    if "PIP_AUTO_COMPLETE" not in os.environ:
+        return
+    cwords = os.environ["COMP_WORDS"].split()[1:]
+    cword = int(os.environ["COMP_CWORD"])
+    try:
+        current = cwords[cword - 1]
+    except IndexError:
+        current = ""
+
+    parser = create_main_parser()
+    subcommands = list(commands_dict)
+    options = []
+
+    # subcommand
+    subcommand_name: Optional[str] = None
+    for word in cwords:
+        if word in subcommands:
+            subcommand_name = word
+            break
+    # subcommand options
+    if subcommand_name is not None:
+        # special case: 'help' subcommand has no options
+        if subcommand_name == "help":
+            sys.exit(1)
+        # special case: list locally installed dists for show and uninstall
+        should_list_installed = not current.startswith("-") and subcommand_name in [
+            "show",
+            "uninstall",
+        ]
+        if should_list_installed:
+            env = get_default_environment()
+            lc = current.lower()
+            installed = [
+                dist.canonical_name
+                for dist in env.iter_installed_distributions(local_only=True)
+                if dist.canonical_name.startswith(lc)
+                and dist.canonical_name not in cwords[1:]
+            ]
+            # if there are no dists installed, fall back to option completion
+            if installed:
+                for dist in installed:
+                    print(dist)
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+        should_list_installables = (
+            not current.startswith("-") and subcommand_name == "install"
+        )
+        if should_list_installables:
+            for path in auto_complete_paths(current, "path"):
+                print(path)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        subcommand = create_command(subcommand_name)
+
+        for opt in subcommand.parser.option_list_all:
+            if opt.help != optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP:
+                for opt_str in opt._long_opts + opt._short_opts:
+                    options.append((opt_str, opt.nargs))
+
+        # filter out previously specified options from available options
+        prev_opts = [x.split("=")[0] for x in cwords[1 : cword - 1]]
+        options = [(x, v) for (x, v) in options if x not in prev_opts]
+        # filter options by current input
+        options = [(k, v) for k, v in options if k.startswith(current)]
+        # get completion type given cwords and available subcommand options
+        completion_type = get_path_completion_type(
+            cwords,
+            cword,
+            subcommand.parser.option_list_all,
+        )
+        # get completion files and directories if ``completion_type`` is
+        # ``<file>``, ``<dir>`` or ``<path>``
+        if completion_type:
+            paths = auto_complete_paths(current, completion_type)
+            options = [(path, 0) for path in paths]
+        for option in options:
+            opt_label = option[0]
+            # append '=' to options which require args
+            if option[1] and option[0][:2] == "--":
+                opt_label += "="
+            print(opt_label)
+    else:
+        # show main parser options only when necessary
+
+        opts = [i.option_list for i in parser.option_groups]
+        opts.append(parser.option_list)
+        flattened_opts = chain.from_iterable(opts)
+        if current.startswith("-"):
+            for opt in flattened_opts:
+                if opt.help != optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP:
+                    subcommands += opt._long_opts + opt._short_opts
+        else:
+            # get completion type given cwords and all available options
+            completion_type = get_path_completion_type(cwords, cword, flattened_opts)
+            if completion_type:
+                subcommands = list(auto_complete_paths(current, completion_type))
+
+        print(" ".join([x for x in subcommands if x.startswith(current)]))
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def get_path_completion_type(
+    cwords: List[str], cword: int, opts: Iterable[Any]
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Get the type of path completion (``file``, ``dir``, ``path`` or None)
+
+    :param cwords: same as the environmental variable ``COMP_WORDS``
+    :param cword: same as the environmental variable ``COMP_CWORD``
+    :param opts: The available options to check
+    :return: path completion type (``file``, ``dir``, ``path`` or None)
+    """
+    if cword < 2 or not cwords[cword - 2].startswith("-"):
+        return None
+    for opt in opts:
+        if opt.help == optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP:
+            continue
+        for o in str(opt).split("/"):
+            if cwords[cword - 2].split("=")[0] == o:
+                if not opt.metavar or any(
+                    x in ("path", "file", "dir") for x in opt.metavar.split("/")
+                ):
+                    return opt.metavar
+    return None
+
+
+def auto_complete_paths(current: str, completion_type: str) -> Iterable[str]:
+    """If ``completion_type`` is ``file`` or ``path``, list all regular files
+    and directories starting with ``current``; otherwise only list directories
+    starting with ``current``.
+
+    :param current: The word to be completed
+    :param completion_type: path completion type(``file``, ``path`` or ``dir``)
+    :return: A generator of regular files and/or directories
+    """
+    directory, filename = os.path.split(current)
+    current_path = os.path.abspath(directory)
+    # Don't complete paths if they can't be accessed
+    if not os.access(current_path, os.R_OK):
+        return
+    filename = os.path.normcase(filename)
+    # list all files that start with ``filename``
+    file_list = (
+        x for x in os.listdir(current_path) if os.path.normcase(x).startswith(filename)
+    )
+    for f in file_list:
+        opt = os.path.join(current_path, f)
+        comp_file = os.path.normcase(os.path.join(directory, f))
+        # complete regular files when there is not ``<dir>`` after option
+        # complete directories when there is ``<file>``, ``<path>`` or
+        # ``<dir>``after option
+        if completion_type != "dir" and os.path.isfile(opt):
+            yield comp_file
+        elif os.path.isdir(opt):
+            yield os.path.join(comp_file, "")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..78b96bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+"""Base Command class, and related routines"""
+
+import functools
+import logging
+import logging.config
+import optparse
+import os
+import sys
+import traceback
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import Any, Callable, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.rich import traceback as rich_traceback
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.command_context import CommandContextMixIn
+from pip._internal.cli.parser import ConfigOptionParser, UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import (
+    ERROR,
+    PREVIOUS_BUILD_DIR_ERROR,
+    UNKNOWN_ERROR,
+    VIRTUALENV_NOT_FOUND,
+)
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    BadCommand,
+    CommandError,
+    DiagnosticPipError,
+    InstallationError,
+    NetworkConnectionError,
+    PreviousBuildDirError,
+    UninstallationError,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import check_path_owner
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import BrokenStdoutLoggingError, setup_logging
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_prog, normalize_path
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectoryTypeRegistry as TempDirRegistry
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import global_tempdir_manager, tempdir_registry
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv
+
+__all__ = ["Command"]
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Command(CommandContextMixIn):
+    usage: str = ""
+    ignore_require_venv: bool = False
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, summary: str, isolated: bool = False) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.name = name
+        self.summary = summary
+        self.parser = ConfigOptionParser(
+            usage=self.usage,
+            prog=f"{get_prog()} {name}",
+            formatter=UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter(),
+            add_help_option=False,
+            name=name,
+            description=self.__doc__,
+            isolated=isolated,
+        )
+
+        self.tempdir_registry: Optional[TempDirRegistry] = None
+
+        # Commands should add options to this option group
+        optgroup_name = f"{self.name.capitalize()} Options"
+        self.cmd_opts = optparse.OptionGroup(self.parser, optgroup_name)
+
+        # Add the general options
+        gen_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.general_group,
+            self.parser,
+        )
+        self.parser.add_option_group(gen_opts)
+
+        self.add_options()
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def handle_pip_version_check(self, options: Values) -> None:
+        """
+        This is a no-op so that commands by default do not do the pip version
+        check.
+        """
+        # Make sure we do the pip version check if the index_group options
+        # are present.
+        assert not hasattr(options, "no_index")
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def parse_args(self, args: List[str]) -> Tuple[Values, List[str]]:
+        # factored out for testability
+        return self.parser.parse_args(args)
+
+    def main(self, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        try:
+            with self.main_context():
+                return self._main(args)
+        finally:
+            logging.shutdown()
+
+    def _main(self, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        # We must initialize this before the tempdir manager, otherwise the
+        # configuration would not be accessible by the time we clean up the
+        # tempdir manager.
+        self.tempdir_registry = self.enter_context(tempdir_registry())
+        # Intentionally set as early as possible so globally-managed temporary
+        # directories are available to the rest of the code.
+        self.enter_context(global_tempdir_manager())
+
+        options, args = self.parse_args(args)
+
+        # Set verbosity so that it can be used elsewhere.
+        self.verbosity = options.verbose - options.quiet
+
+        level_number = setup_logging(
+            verbosity=self.verbosity,
+            no_color=options.no_color,
+            user_log_file=options.log,
+        )
+
+        # TODO: Try to get these passing down from the command?
+        #       without resorting to os.environ to hold these.
+        #       This also affects isolated builds and it should.
+
+        if options.no_input:
+            os.environ["PIP_NO_INPUT"] = "1"
+
+        if options.exists_action:
+            os.environ["PIP_EXISTS_ACTION"] = " ".join(options.exists_action)
+
+        if options.require_venv and not self.ignore_require_venv:
+            # If a venv is required check if it can really be found
+            if not running_under_virtualenv():
+                logger.critical("Could not find an activated virtualenv (required).")
+                sys.exit(VIRTUALENV_NOT_FOUND)
+
+        if options.cache_dir:
+            options.cache_dir = normalize_path(options.cache_dir)
+            if not check_path_owner(options.cache_dir):
+                logger.warning(
+                    "The directory '%s' or its parent directory is not owned "
+                    "or is not writable by the current user. The cache "
+                    "has been disabled. Check the permissions and owner of "
+                    "that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you should "
+                    "use sudo's -H flag.",
+                    options.cache_dir,
+                )
+                options.cache_dir = None
+
+        if "2020-resolver" in options.features_enabled:
+            logger.warning(
+                "--use-feature=2020-resolver no longer has any effect, "
+                "since it is now the default dependency resolver in pip. "
+                "This will become an error in pip 21.0."
+            )
+
+        def intercepts_unhandled_exc(
+            run_func: Callable[..., int]
+        ) -> Callable[..., int]:
+            @functools.wraps(run_func)
+            def exc_logging_wrapper(*args: Any) -> int:
+                try:
+                    status = run_func(*args)
+                    assert isinstance(status, int)
+                    return status
+                except DiagnosticPipError as exc:
+                    logger.error("[present-diagnostic] %s", exc)
+                    logger.debug("Exception information:", exc_info=True)
+
+                    return ERROR
+                except PreviousBuildDirError as exc:
+                    logger.critical(str(exc))
+                    logger.debug("Exception information:", exc_info=True)
+
+                    return PREVIOUS_BUILD_DIR_ERROR
+                except (
+                    InstallationError,
+                    UninstallationError,
+                    BadCommand,
+                    NetworkConnectionError,
+                ) as exc:
+                    logger.critical(str(exc))
+                    logger.debug("Exception information:", exc_info=True)
+
+                    return ERROR
+                except CommandError as exc:
+                    logger.critical("%s", exc)
+                    logger.debug("Exception information:", exc_info=True)
+
+                    return ERROR
+                except BrokenStdoutLoggingError:
+                    # Bypass our logger and write any remaining messages to
+                    # stderr because stdout no longer works.
+                    print("ERROR: Pipe to stdout was broken", file=sys.stderr)
+                    if level_number <= logging.DEBUG:
+                        traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
+
+                    return ERROR
+                except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                    logger.critical("Operation cancelled by user")
+                    logger.debug("Exception information:", exc_info=True)
+
+                    return ERROR
+                except BaseException:
+                    logger.critical("Exception:", exc_info=True)
+
+                    return UNKNOWN_ERROR
+
+            return exc_logging_wrapper
+
+        try:
+            if not options.debug_mode:
+                run = intercepts_unhandled_exc(self.run)
+            else:
+                run = self.run
+                rich_traceback.install(show_locals=True)
+            return run(options, args)
+        finally:
+            self.handle_pip_version_check(options)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71b1d19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1018 @@
+"""
+shared options and groups
+
+The principle here is to define options once, but *not* instantiate them
+globally. One reason being that options with action='append' can carry state
+between parses. pip parses general options twice internally, and shouldn't
+pass on state. To be consistent, all options will follow this design.
+"""
+
+# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
+# mypy: strict-optional=False
+
+import logging
+import os
+import textwrap
+from functools import partial
+from optparse import SUPPRESS_HELP, Option, OptionGroup, OptionParser, Values
+from textwrap import dedent
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.cli.parser import ConfigOptionParser
+from pip._internal.cli.progress_bars import BAR_TYPES
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.locations import USER_CACHE_DIR, get_src_prefix
+from pip._internal.models.format_control import FormatControl
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI
+from pip._internal.models.target_python import TargetPython
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import STRONG_HASHES
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import strtobool
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def raise_option_error(parser: OptionParser, option: Option, msg: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Raise an option parsing error using parser.error().
+
+    Args:
+      parser: an OptionParser instance.
+      option: an Option instance.
+      msg: the error text.
+    """
+    msg = f"{option} error: {msg}"
+    msg = textwrap.fill(" ".join(msg.split()))
+    parser.error(msg)
+
+
+def make_option_group(group: Dict[str, Any], parser: ConfigOptionParser) -> OptionGroup:
+    """
+    Return an OptionGroup object
+    group  -- assumed to be dict with 'name' and 'options' keys
+    parser -- an optparse Parser
+    """
+    option_group = OptionGroup(parser, group["name"])
+    for option in group["options"]:
+        option_group.add_option(option())
+    return option_group
+
+
+def check_install_build_global(
+    options: Values, check_options: Optional[Values] = None
+) -> None:
+    """Disable wheels if per-setup.py call options are set.
+
+    :param options: The OptionParser options to update.
+    :param check_options: The options to check, if not supplied defaults to
+        options.
+    """
+    if check_options is None:
+        check_options = options
+
+    def getname(n: str) -> Optional[Any]:
+        return getattr(check_options, n, None)
+
+    names = ["build_options", "global_options", "install_options"]
+    if any(map(getname, names)):
+        control = options.format_control
+        control.disallow_binaries()
+        logger.warning(
+            "Disabling all use of wheels due to the use of --build-option "
+            "/ --global-option / --install-option.",
+        )
+
+
+def check_dist_restriction(options: Values, check_target: bool = False) -> None:
+    """Function for determining if custom platform options are allowed.
+
+    :param options: The OptionParser options.
+    :param check_target: Whether or not to check if --target is being used.
+    """
+    dist_restriction_set = any(
+        [
+            options.python_version,
+            options.platforms,
+            options.abis,
+            options.implementation,
+        ]
+    )
+
+    binary_only = FormatControl(set(), {":all:"})
+    sdist_dependencies_allowed = (
+        options.format_control != binary_only and not options.ignore_dependencies
+    )
+
+    # Installations or downloads using dist restrictions must not combine
+    # source distributions and dist-specific wheels, as they are not
+    # guaranteed to be locally compatible.
+    if dist_restriction_set and sdist_dependencies_allowed:
+        raise CommandError(
+            "When restricting platform and interpreter constraints using "
+            "--python-version, --platform, --abi, or --implementation, "
+            "either --no-deps must be set, or --only-binary=:all: must be "
+            "set and --no-binary must not be set (or must be set to "
+            ":none:)."
+        )
+
+    if check_target:
+        if dist_restriction_set and not options.target_dir:
+            raise CommandError(
+                "Can not use any platform or abi specific options unless "
+                "installing via '--target'"
+            )
+
+
+def _path_option_check(option: Option, opt: str, value: str) -> str:
+    return os.path.expanduser(value)
+
+
+def _package_name_option_check(option: Option, opt: str, value: str) -> str:
+    return canonicalize_name(value)
+
+
+class PipOption(Option):
+    TYPES = Option.TYPES + ("path", "package_name")
+    TYPE_CHECKER = Option.TYPE_CHECKER.copy()
+    TYPE_CHECKER["package_name"] = _package_name_option_check
+    TYPE_CHECKER["path"] = _path_option_check
+
+
+###########
+# options #
+###########
+
+help_: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "-h",
+    "--help",
+    dest="help",
+    action="help",
+    help="Show help.",
+)
+
+debug_mode: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--debug",
+    dest="debug_mode",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help=(
+        "Let unhandled exceptions propagate outside the main subroutine, "
+        "instead of logging them to stderr."
+    ),
+)
+
+isolated_mode: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--isolated",
+    dest="isolated_mode",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help=(
+        "Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user "
+        "configuration."
+    ),
+)
+
+require_virtualenv: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--require-virtualenv",
+    "--require-venv",
+    dest="require_venv",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help=(
+        "Allow pip to only run in a virtual environment; "
+        "exit with an error otherwise."
+    ),
+)
+
+verbose: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "-v",
+    "--verbose",
+    dest="verbose",
+    action="count",
+    default=0,
+    help="Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.",
+)
+
+no_color: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--no-color",
+    dest="no_color",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Suppress colored output.",
+)
+
+version: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "-V",
+    "--version",
+    dest="version",
+    action="store_true",
+    help="Show version and exit.",
+)
+
+quiet: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "-q",
+    "--quiet",
+    dest="quiet",
+    action="count",
+    default=0,
+    help=(
+        "Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3"
+        " times (corresponding to WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging"
+        " levels)."
+    ),
+)
+
+progress_bar: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--progress-bar",
+    dest="progress_bar",
+    type="choice",
+    choices=list(BAR_TYPES.keys()),
+    default="on",
+    help=(
+        "Specify type of progress to be displayed ["
+        + "|".join(BAR_TYPES.keys())
+        + "] (default: %default)"
+    ),
+)
+
+log: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    PipOption,
+    "--log",
+    "--log-file",
+    "--local-log",
+    dest="log",
+    metavar="path",
+    type="path",
+    help="Path to a verbose appending log.",
+)
+
+no_input: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    # Don't ask for input
+    "--no-input",
+    dest="no_input",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Disable prompting for input.",
+)
+
+proxy: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--proxy",
+    dest="proxy",
+    type="str",
+    default="",
+    help="Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.",
+)
+
+retries: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--retries",
+    dest="retries",
+    type="int",
+    default=5,
+    help="Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt "
+    "(default %default times).",
+)
+
+timeout: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--timeout",
+    "--default-timeout",
+    metavar="sec",
+    dest="timeout",
+    type="float",
+    default=15,
+    help="Set the socket timeout (default %default seconds).",
+)
+
+
+def exists_action() -> Option:
+    return Option(
+        # Option when path already exist
+        "--exists-action",
+        dest="exists_action",
+        type="choice",
+        choices=["s", "i", "w", "b", "a"],
+        default=[],
+        action="append",
+        metavar="action",
+        help="Default action when a path already exists: "
+        "(s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort.",
+    )
+
+
+cert: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    PipOption,
+    "--cert",
+    dest="cert",
+    type="path",
+    metavar="path",
+    help=(
+        "Path to PEM-encoded CA certificate bundle. "
+        "If provided, overrides the default. "
+        "See 'SSL Certificate Verification' in pip documentation "
+        "for more information."
+    ),
+)
+
+client_cert: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    PipOption,
+    "--client-cert",
+    dest="client_cert",
+    type="path",
+    default=None,
+    metavar="path",
+    help="Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the "
+    "private key and the certificate in PEM format.",
+)
+
+index_url: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "-i",
+    "--index-url",
+    "--pypi-url",
+    dest="index_url",
+    metavar="URL",
+    default=PyPI.simple_url,
+    help="Base URL of the Python Package Index (default %default). "
+    "This should point to a repository compliant with PEP 503 "
+    "(the simple repository API) or a local directory laid out "
+    "in the same format.",
+)
+
+
+def extra_index_url() -> Option:
+    return Option(
+        "--extra-index-url",
+        dest="extra_index_urls",
+        metavar="URL",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Extra URLs of package indexes to use in addition to "
+        "--index-url. Should follow the same rules as "
+        "--index-url.",
+    )
+
+
+no_index: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--no-index",
+    dest="no_index",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Ignore package index (only looking at --find-links URLs instead).",
+)
+
+
+def find_links() -> Option:
+    return Option(
+        "-f",
+        "--find-links",
+        dest="find_links",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        metavar="url",
+        help="If a URL or path to an html file, then parse for links to "
+        "archives such as sdist (.tar.gz) or wheel (.whl) files. "
+        "If a local path or file:// URL that's a directory, "
+        "then look for archives in the directory listing. "
+        "Links to VCS project URLs are not supported.",
+    )
+
+
+def trusted_host() -> Option:
+    return Option(
+        "--trusted-host",
+        dest="trusted_hosts",
+        action="append",
+        metavar="HOSTNAME",
+        default=[],
+        help="Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it "
+        "does not have valid or any HTTPS.",
+    )
+
+
+def constraints() -> Option:
+    return Option(
+        "-c",
+        "--constraint",
+        dest="constraints",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        metavar="file",
+        help="Constrain versions using the given constraints file. "
+        "This option can be used multiple times.",
+    )
+
+
+def requirements() -> Option:
+    return Option(
+        "-r",
+        "--requirement",
+        dest="requirements",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        metavar="file",
+        help="Install from the given requirements file. "
+        "This option can be used multiple times.",
+    )
+
+
+def editable() -> Option:
+    return Option(
+        "-e",
+        "--editable",
+        dest="editables",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        metavar="path/url",
+        help=(
+            "Install a project in editable mode (i.e. setuptools "
+            '"develop mode") from a local project path or a VCS url.'
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+def _handle_src(option: Option, opt_str: str, value: str, parser: OptionParser) -> None:
+    value = os.path.abspath(value)
+    setattr(parser.values, option.dest, value)
+
+
+src: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    PipOption,
+    "--src",
+    "--source",
+    "--source-dir",
+    "--source-directory",
+    dest="src_dir",
+    type="path",
+    metavar="dir",
+    default=get_src_prefix(),
+    action="callback",
+    callback=_handle_src,
+    help="Directory to check out editable projects into. "
+    'The default in a virtualenv is "<venv path>/src". '
+    'The default for global installs is "<current dir>/src".',
+)
+
+
+def _get_format_control(values: Values, option: Option) -> Any:
+    """Get a format_control object."""
+    return getattr(values, option.dest)
+
+
+def _handle_no_binary(
+    option: Option, opt_str: str, value: str, parser: OptionParser
+) -> None:
+    existing = _get_format_control(parser.values, option)
+    FormatControl.handle_mutual_excludes(
+        value,
+        existing.no_binary,
+        existing.only_binary,
+    )
+
+
+def _handle_only_binary(
+    option: Option, opt_str: str, value: str, parser: OptionParser
+) -> None:
+    existing = _get_format_control(parser.values, option)
+    FormatControl.handle_mutual_excludes(
+        value,
+        existing.only_binary,
+        existing.no_binary,
+    )
+
+
+def no_binary() -> Option:
+    format_control = FormatControl(set(), set())
+    return Option(
+        "--no-binary",
+        dest="format_control",
+        action="callback",
+        callback=_handle_no_binary,
+        type="str",
+        default=format_control,
+        help="Do not use binary packages. Can be supplied multiple times, and "
+        'each time adds to the existing value. Accepts either ":all:" to '
+        'disable all binary packages, ":none:" to empty the set (notice '
+        "the colons), or one or more package names with commas between "
+        "them (no colons). Note that some packages are tricky to compile "
+        "and may fail to install when this option is used on them.",
+    )
+
+
+def only_binary() -> Option:
+    format_control = FormatControl(set(), set())
+    return Option(
+        "--only-binary",
+        dest="format_control",
+        action="callback",
+        callback=_handle_only_binary,
+        type="str",
+        default=format_control,
+        help="Do not use source packages. Can be supplied multiple times, and "
+        'each time adds to the existing value. Accepts either ":all:" to '
+        'disable all source packages, ":none:" to empty the set, or one '
+        "or more package names with commas between them. Packages "
+        "without binary distributions will fail to install when this "
+        "option is used on them.",
+    )
+
+
+platforms: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--platform",
+    dest="platforms",
+    metavar="platform",
+    action="append",
+    default=None,
+    help=(
+        "Only use wheels compatible with <platform>. Defaults to the "
+        "platform of the running system. Use this option multiple times to "
+        "specify multiple platforms supported by the target interpreter."
+    ),
+)
+
+
+# This was made a separate function for unit-testing purposes.
+def _convert_python_version(value: str) -> Tuple[Tuple[int, ...], Optional[str]]:
+    """
+    Convert a version string like "3", "37", or "3.7.3" into a tuple of ints.
+
+    :return: A 2-tuple (version_info, error_msg), where `error_msg` is
+        non-None if and only if there was a parsing error.
+    """
+    if not value:
+        # The empty string is the same as not providing a value.
+        return (None, None)
+
+    parts = value.split(".")
+    if len(parts) > 3:
+        return ((), "at most three version parts are allowed")
+
+    if len(parts) == 1:
+        # Then we are in the case of "3" or "37".
+        value = parts[0]
+        if len(value) > 1:
+            parts = [value[0], value[1:]]
+
+    try:
+        version_info = tuple(int(part) for part in parts)
+    except ValueError:
+        return ((), "each version part must be an integer")
+
+    return (version_info, None)
+
+
+def _handle_python_version(
+    option: Option, opt_str: str, value: str, parser: OptionParser
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Handle a provided --python-version value.
+    """
+    version_info, error_msg = _convert_python_version(value)
+    if error_msg is not None:
+        msg = "invalid --python-version value: {!r}: {}".format(
+            value,
+            error_msg,
+        )
+        raise_option_error(parser, option=option, msg=msg)
+
+    parser.values.python_version = version_info
+
+
+python_version: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--python-version",
+    dest="python_version",
+    metavar="python_version",
+    action="callback",
+    callback=_handle_python_version,
+    type="str",
+    default=None,
+    help=dedent(
+        """\
+    The Python interpreter version to use for wheel and "Requires-Python"
+    compatibility checks. Defaults to a version derived from the running
+    interpreter. The version can be specified using up to three dot-separated
+    integers (e.g. "3" for 3.0.0, "3.7" for 3.7.0, or "3.7.3"). A major-minor
+    version can also be given as a string without dots (e.g. "37" for 3.7.0).
+    """
+    ),
+)
+
+
+implementation: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--implementation",
+    dest="implementation",
+    metavar="implementation",
+    default=None,
+    help=(
+        "Only use wheels compatible with Python "
+        "implementation <implementation>, e.g. 'pp', 'jy', 'cp', "
+        " or 'ip'. If not specified, then the current "
+        "interpreter implementation is used.  Use 'py' to force "
+        "implementation-agnostic wheels."
+    ),
+)
+
+
+abis: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--abi",
+    dest="abis",
+    metavar="abi",
+    action="append",
+    default=None,
+    help=(
+        "Only use wheels compatible with Python abi <abi>, e.g. 'pypy_41'. "
+        "If not specified, then the current interpreter abi tag is used. "
+        "Use this option multiple times to specify multiple abis supported "
+        "by the target interpreter. Generally you will need to specify "
+        "--implementation, --platform, and --python-version when using this "
+        "option."
+    ),
+)
+
+
+def add_target_python_options(cmd_opts: OptionGroup) -> None:
+    cmd_opts.add_option(platforms())
+    cmd_opts.add_option(python_version())
+    cmd_opts.add_option(implementation())
+    cmd_opts.add_option(abis())
+
+
+def make_target_python(options: Values) -> TargetPython:
+    target_python = TargetPython(
+        platforms=options.platforms,
+        py_version_info=options.python_version,
+        abis=options.abis,
+        implementation=options.implementation,
+    )
+
+    return target_python
+
+
+def prefer_binary() -> Option:
+    return Option(
+        "--prefer-binary",
+        dest="prefer_binary",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Prefer older binary packages over newer source packages.",
+    )
+
+
+cache_dir: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    PipOption,
+    "--cache-dir",
+    dest="cache_dir",
+    default=USER_CACHE_DIR,
+    metavar="dir",
+    type="path",
+    help="Store the cache data in <dir>.",
+)
+
+
+def _handle_no_cache_dir(
+    option: Option, opt: str, value: str, parser: OptionParser
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Process a value provided for the --no-cache-dir option.
+
+    This is an optparse.Option callback for the --no-cache-dir option.
+    """
+    # The value argument will be None if --no-cache-dir is passed via the
+    # command-line, since the option doesn't accept arguments.  However,
+    # the value can be non-None if the option is triggered e.g. by an
+    # environment variable, like PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=true.
+    if value is not None:
+        # Then parse the string value to get argument error-checking.
+        try:
+            strtobool(value)
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            raise_option_error(parser, option=option, msg=str(exc))
+
+    # Originally, setting PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR to a value that strtobool()
+    # converted to 0 (like "false" or "no") caused cache_dir to be disabled
+    # rather than enabled (logic would say the latter).  Thus, we disable
+    # the cache directory not just on values that parse to True, but (for
+    # backwards compatibility reasons) also on values that parse to False.
+    # In other words, always set it to False if the option is provided in
+    # some (valid) form.
+    parser.values.cache_dir = False
+
+
+no_cache: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--no-cache-dir",
+    dest="cache_dir",
+    action="callback",
+    callback=_handle_no_cache_dir,
+    help="Disable the cache.",
+)
+
+no_deps: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--no-deps",
+    "--no-dependencies",
+    dest="ignore_dependencies",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Don't install package dependencies.",
+)
+
+ignore_requires_python: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--ignore-requires-python",
+    dest="ignore_requires_python",
+    action="store_true",
+    help="Ignore the Requires-Python information.",
+)
+
+no_build_isolation: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--no-build-isolation",
+    dest="build_isolation",
+    action="store_false",
+    default=True,
+    help="Disable isolation when building a modern source distribution. "
+    "Build dependencies specified by PEP 518 must be already installed "
+    "if this option is used.",
+)
+
+
+def _handle_no_use_pep517(
+    option: Option, opt: str, value: str, parser: OptionParser
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Process a value provided for the --no-use-pep517 option.
+
+    This is an optparse.Option callback for the no_use_pep517 option.
+    """
+    # Since --no-use-pep517 doesn't accept arguments, the value argument
+    # will be None if --no-use-pep517 is passed via the command-line.
+    # However, the value can be non-None if the option is triggered e.g.
+    # by an environment variable, for example "PIP_NO_USE_PEP517=true".
+    if value is not None:
+        msg = """A value was passed for --no-use-pep517,
+        probably using either the PIP_NO_USE_PEP517 environment variable
+        or the "no-use-pep517" config file option. Use an appropriate value
+        of the PIP_USE_PEP517 environment variable or the "use-pep517"
+        config file option instead.
+        """
+        raise_option_error(parser, option=option, msg=msg)
+
+    # Otherwise, --no-use-pep517 was passed via the command-line.
+    parser.values.use_pep517 = False
+
+
+use_pep517: Any = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--use-pep517",
+    dest="use_pep517",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=None,
+    help="Use PEP 517 for building source distributions "
+    "(use --no-use-pep517 to force legacy behaviour).",
+)
+
+no_use_pep517: Any = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--no-use-pep517",
+    dest="use_pep517",
+    action="callback",
+    callback=_handle_no_use_pep517,
+    default=None,
+    help=SUPPRESS_HELP,
+)
+
+install_options: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--install-option",
+    dest="install_options",
+    action="append",
+    metavar="options",
+    help="Extra arguments to be supplied to the setup.py install "
+    'command (use like --install-option="--install-scripts=/usr/local/'
+    'bin"). Use multiple --install-option options to pass multiple '
+    "options to setup.py install. If you are using an option with a "
+    "directory path, be sure to use absolute path.",
+)
+
+build_options: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--build-option",
+    dest="build_options",
+    metavar="options",
+    action="append",
+    help="Extra arguments to be supplied to 'setup.py bdist_wheel'.",
+)
+
+global_options: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--global-option",
+    dest="global_options",
+    action="append",
+    metavar="options",
+    help="Extra global options to be supplied to the setup.py "
+    "call before the install or bdist_wheel command.",
+)
+
+no_clean: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--no-clean",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Don't clean up build directories.",
+)
+
+pre: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--pre",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Include pre-release and development versions. By default, "
+    "pip only finds stable versions.",
+)
+
+disable_pip_version_check: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--disable-pip-version-check",
+    dest="disable_pip_version_check",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version "
+    "of pip is available for download. Implied with --no-index.",
+)
+
+
+def _handle_merge_hash(
+    option: Option, opt_str: str, value: str, parser: OptionParser
+) -> None:
+    """Given a value spelled "algo:digest", append the digest to a list
+    pointed to in a dict by the algo name."""
+    if not parser.values.hashes:
+        parser.values.hashes = {}
+    try:
+        algo, digest = value.split(":", 1)
+    except ValueError:
+        parser.error(
+            "Arguments to {} must be a hash name "  # noqa
+            "followed by a value, like --hash=sha256:"
+            "abcde...".format(opt_str)
+        )
+    if algo not in STRONG_HASHES:
+        parser.error(
+            "Allowed hash algorithms for {} are {}.".format(  # noqa
+                opt_str, ", ".join(STRONG_HASHES)
+            )
+        )
+    parser.values.hashes.setdefault(algo, []).append(digest)
+
+
+hash: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--hash",
+    # Hash values eventually end up in InstallRequirement.hashes due to
+    # __dict__ copying in process_line().
+    dest="hashes",
+    action="callback",
+    callback=_handle_merge_hash,
+    type="string",
+    help="Verify that the package's archive matches this "
+    "hash before installing. Example: --hash=sha256:abcdef...",
+)
+
+
+require_hashes: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--require-hashes",
+    dest="require_hashes",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Require a hash to check each requirement against, for "
+    "repeatable installs. This option is implied when any package in a "
+    "requirements file has a --hash option.",
+)
+
+
+list_path: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    PipOption,
+    "--path",
+    dest="path",
+    type="path",
+    action="append",
+    help="Restrict to the specified installation path for listing "
+    "packages (can be used multiple times).",
+)
+
+
+def check_list_path_option(options: Values) -> None:
+    if options.path and (options.user or options.local):
+        raise CommandError("Cannot combine '--path' with '--user' or '--local'")
+
+
+list_exclude: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    PipOption,
+    "--exclude",
+    dest="excludes",
+    action="append",
+    metavar="package",
+    type="package_name",
+    help="Exclude specified package from the output",
+)
+
+
+no_python_version_warning: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--no-python-version-warning",
+    dest="no_python_version_warning",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Silence deprecation warnings for upcoming unsupported Pythons.",
+)
+
+
+use_new_feature: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--use-feature",
+    dest="features_enabled",
+    metavar="feature",
+    action="append",
+    default=[],
+    choices=["2020-resolver", "fast-deps", "in-tree-build"],
+    help="Enable new functionality, that may be backward incompatible.",
+)
+
+use_deprecated_feature: Callable[..., Option] = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--use-deprecated",
+    dest="deprecated_features_enabled",
+    metavar="feature",
+    action="append",
+    default=[],
+    choices=[
+        "legacy-resolver",
+        "out-of-tree-build",
+        "backtrack-on-build-failures",
+        "html5lib",
+    ],
+    help=("Enable deprecated functionality, that will be removed in the future."),
+)
+
+
+##########
+# groups #
+##########
+
+general_group: Dict[str, Any] = {
+    "name": "General Options",
+    "options": [
+        help_,
+        debug_mode,
+        isolated_mode,
+        require_virtualenv,
+        verbose,
+        version,
+        quiet,
+        log,
+        no_input,
+        proxy,
+        retries,
+        timeout,
+        exists_action,
+        trusted_host,
+        cert,
+        client_cert,
+        cache_dir,
+        no_cache,
+        disable_pip_version_check,
+        no_color,
+        no_python_version_warning,
+        use_new_feature,
+        use_deprecated_feature,
+    ],
+}
+
+index_group: Dict[str, Any] = {
+    "name": "Package Index Options",
+    "options": [
+        index_url,
+        extra_index_url,
+        no_index,
+        find_links,
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/command_context.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/command_context.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed68322
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/command_context.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from contextlib import ExitStack, contextmanager
+from typing import ContextManager, Iterator, TypeVar
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T", covariant=True)
+
+
+class CommandContextMixIn:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._in_main_context = False
+        self._main_context = ExitStack()
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def main_context(self) -> Iterator[None]:
+        assert not self._in_main_context
+
+        self._in_main_context = True
+        try:
+            with self._main_context:
+                yield
+        finally:
+            self._in_main_context = False
+
+    def enter_context(self, context_provider: ContextManager[_T]) -> _T:
+        assert self._in_main_context
+
+        return self._main_context.enter_context(context_provider)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e31221
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""Primary application entrypoint.
+"""
+import locale
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+from pip._internal.cli.autocompletion import autocomplete
+from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import parse_command
+from pip._internal.commands import create_command
+from pip._internal.exceptions import PipError
+from pip._internal.utils import deprecation
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# Do not import and use main() directly! Using it directly is actively
+# discouraged by pip's maintainers. The name, location and behavior of
+# this function is subject to change, so calling it directly is not
+# portable across different pip versions.
+
+# In addition, running pip in-process is unsupported and unsafe. This is
+# elaborated in detail at
+# https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/user_guide/#using-pip-from-your-program.
+# That document also provides suggestions that should work for nearly
+# all users that are considering importing and using main() directly.
+
+# However, we know that certain users will still want to invoke pip
+# in-process. If you understand and accept the implications of using pip
+# in an unsupported manner, the best approach is to use runpy to avoid
+# depending on the exact location of this entry point.
+
+# The following example shows how to use runpy to invoke pip in that
+# case:
+#
+#     sys.argv = ["pip", your, args, here]
+#     runpy.run_module("pip", run_name="__main__")
+#
+# Note that this will exit the process after running, unlike a direct
+# call to main. As it is not safe to do any processing after calling
+# main, this should not be an issue in practice.
+
+
+def main(args: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> int:
+    if args is None:
+        args = sys.argv[1:]
+
+    # Configure our deprecation warnings to be sent through loggers
+    deprecation.install_warning_logger()
+
+    autocomplete()
+
+    try:
+        cmd_name, cmd_args = parse_command(args)
+    except PipError as exc:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"ERROR: {exc}")
+        sys.stderr.write(os.linesep)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Needed for locale.getpreferredencoding(False) to work
+    # in pip._internal.utils.encoding.auto_decode
+    try:
+        locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, "")
+    except locale.Error as e:
+        # setlocale can apparently crash if locale are uninitialized
+        logger.debug("Ignoring error %s when setting locale", e)
+    command = create_command(cmd_name, isolated=("--isolated" in cmd_args))
+
+    return command.main(cmd_args)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3666ab0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+"""A single place for constructing and exposing the main parser
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+from typing import List, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.parser import ConfigOptionParser, UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter
+from pip._internal.commands import commands_dict, get_similar_commands
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_pip_version, get_prog
+
+__all__ = ["create_main_parser", "parse_command"]
+
+
+def create_main_parser() -> ConfigOptionParser:
+    """Creates and returns the main parser for pip's CLI"""
+
+    parser = ConfigOptionParser(
+        usage="\n%prog <command> [options]",
+        add_help_option=False,
+        formatter=UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter(),
+        name="global",
+        prog=get_prog(),
+    )
+    parser.disable_interspersed_args()
+
+    parser.version = get_pip_version()
+
+    # add the general options
+    gen_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(cmdoptions.general_group, parser)
+    parser.add_option_group(gen_opts)
+
+    # so the help formatter knows
+    parser.main = True  # type: ignore
+
+    # create command listing for description
+    description = [""] + [
+        f"{name:27} {command_info.summary}"
+        for name, command_info in commands_dict.items()
+    ]
+    parser.description = "\n".join(description)
+
+    return parser
+
+
+def parse_command(args: List[str]) -> Tuple[str, List[str]]:
+    parser = create_main_parser()
+
+    # Note: parser calls disable_interspersed_args(), so the result of this
+    # call is to split the initial args into the general options before the
+    # subcommand and everything else.
+    # For example:
+    #  args: ['--timeout=5', 'install', '--user', 'INITools']
+    #  general_options: ['--timeout==5']
+    #  args_else: ['install', '--user', 'INITools']
+    general_options, args_else = parser.parse_args(args)
+
+    # --version
+    if general_options.version:
+        sys.stdout.write(parser.version)
+        sys.stdout.write(os.linesep)
+        sys.exit()
+
+    # pip || pip help -> print_help()
+    if not args_else or (args_else[0] == "help" and len(args_else) == 1):
+        parser.print_help()
+        sys.exit()
+
+    # the subcommand name
+    cmd_name = args_else[0]
+
+    if cmd_name not in commands_dict:
+        guess = get_similar_commands(cmd_name)
+
+        msg = [f'unknown command "{cmd_name}"']
+        if guess:
+            msg.append(f'maybe you meant "{guess}"')
+
+        raise CommandError(" - ".join(msg))
+
+    # all the args without the subcommand
+    cmd_args = args[:]
+    cmd_args.remove(cmd_name)
+
+    return cmd_name, cmd_args
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/parser.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1c99a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+"""Base option parser setup"""
+
+import logging
+import optparse
+import shutil
+import sys
+import textwrap
+from contextlib import suppress
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterator, List, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import UNKNOWN_ERROR
+from pip._internal.configuration import Configuration, ConfigurationError
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import redact_auth_from_url, strtobool
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class PrettyHelpFormatter(optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter):
+    """A prettier/less verbose help formatter for optparse."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        # help position must be aligned with __init__.parseopts.description
+        kwargs["max_help_position"] = 30
+        kwargs["indent_increment"] = 1
+        kwargs["width"] = shutil.get_terminal_size()[0] - 2
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def format_option_strings(self, option: optparse.Option) -> str:
+        return self._format_option_strings(option)
+
+    def _format_option_strings(
+        self, option: optparse.Option, mvarfmt: str = " <{}>", optsep: str = ", "
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Return a comma-separated list of option strings and metavars.
+
+        :param option:  tuple of (short opt, long opt), e.g: ('-f', '--format')
+        :param mvarfmt: metavar format string
+        :param optsep:  separator
+        """
+        opts = []
+
+        if option._short_opts:
+            opts.append(option._short_opts[0])
+        if option._long_opts:
+            opts.append(option._long_opts[0])
+        if len(opts) > 1:
+            opts.insert(1, optsep)
+
+        if option.takes_value():
+            assert option.dest is not None
+            metavar = option.metavar or option.dest.lower()
+            opts.append(mvarfmt.format(metavar.lower()))
+
+        return "".join(opts)
+
+    def format_heading(self, heading: str) -> str:
+        if heading == "Options":
+            return ""
+        return heading + ":\n"
+
+    def format_usage(self, usage: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Ensure there is only one newline between usage and the first heading
+        if there is no description.
+        """
+        msg = "\nUsage: {}\n".format(self.indent_lines(textwrap.dedent(usage), "  "))
+        return msg
+
+    def format_description(self, description: str) -> str:
+        # leave full control over description to us
+        if description:
+            if hasattr(self.parser, "main"):
+                label = "Commands"
+            else:
+                label = "Description"
+            # some doc strings have initial newlines, some don't
+            description = description.lstrip("\n")
+            # some doc strings have final newlines and spaces, some don't
+            description = description.rstrip()
+            # dedent, then reindent
+            description = self.indent_lines(textwrap.dedent(description), "  ")
+            description = f"{label}:\n{description}\n"
+            return description
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+    def format_epilog(self, epilog: str) -> str:
+        # leave full control over epilog to us
+        if epilog:
+            return epilog
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+    def indent_lines(self, text: str, indent: str) -> str:
+        new_lines = [indent + line for line in text.split("\n")]
+        return "\n".join(new_lines)
+
+
+class UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter(PrettyHelpFormatter):
+    """Custom help formatter for use in ConfigOptionParser.
+
+    This is updates the defaults before expanding them, allowing
+    them to show up correctly in the help listing.
+
+    Also redact auth from url type options
+    """
+
+    def expand_default(self, option: optparse.Option) -> str:
+        default_values = None
+        if self.parser is not None:
+            assert isinstance(self.parser, ConfigOptionParser)
+            self.parser._update_defaults(self.parser.defaults)
+            assert option.dest is not None
+            default_values = self.parser.defaults.get(option.dest)
+        help_text = super().expand_default(option)
+
+        if default_values and option.metavar == "URL":
+            if isinstance(default_values, str):
+                default_values = [default_values]
+
+            # If its not a list, we should abort and just return the help text
+            if not isinstance(default_values, list):
+                default_values = []
+
+            for val in default_values:
+                help_text = help_text.replace(val, redact_auth_from_url(val))
+
+        return help_text
+
+
+class CustomOptionParser(optparse.OptionParser):
+    def insert_option_group(
+        self, idx: int, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> optparse.OptionGroup:
+        """Insert an OptionGroup at a given position."""
+        group = self.add_option_group(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        self.option_groups.pop()
+        self.option_groups.insert(idx, group)
+
+        return group
+
+    @property
+    def option_list_all(self) -> List[optparse.Option]:
+        """Get a list of all options, including those in option groups."""
+        res = self.option_list[:]
+        for i in self.option_groups:
+            res.extend(i.option_list)
+
+        return res
+
+
+class ConfigOptionParser(CustomOptionParser):
+    """Custom option parser which updates its defaults by checking the
+    configuration files and environmental variables"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *args: Any,
+        name: str,
+        isolated: bool = False,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.config = Configuration(isolated)
+
+        assert self.name
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def check_default(self, option: optparse.Option, key: str, val: Any) -> Any:
+        try:
+            return option.check_value(key, val)
+        except optparse.OptionValueError as exc:
+            print(f"An error occurred during configuration: {exc}")
+            sys.exit(3)
+
+    def _get_ordered_configuration_items(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[str, Any]]:
+        # Configuration gives keys in an unordered manner. Order them.
+        override_order = ["global", self.name, ":env:"]
+
+        # Pool the options into different groups
+        section_items: Dict[str, List[Tuple[str, Any]]] = {
+            name: [] for name in override_order
+        }
+        for section_key, val in self.config.items():
+            # ignore empty values
+            if not val:
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Ignoring configuration key '%s' as it's value is empty.",
+                    section_key,
+                )
+                continue
+
+            section, key = section_key.split(".", 1)
+            if section in override_order:
+                section_items[section].append((key, val))
+
+        # Yield each group in their override order
+        for section in override_order:
+            for key, val in section_items[section]:
+                yield key, val
+
+    def _update_defaults(self, defaults: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Updates the given defaults with values from the config files and
+        the environ. Does a little special handling for certain types of
+        options (lists)."""
+
+        # Accumulate complex default state.
+        self.values = optparse.Values(self.defaults)
+        late_eval = set()
+        # Then set the options with those values
+        for key, val in self._get_ordered_configuration_items():
+            # '--' because configuration supports only long names
+            option = self.get_option("--" + key)
+
+            # Ignore options not present in this parser. E.g. non-globals put
+            # in [global] by users that want them to apply to all applicable
+            # commands.
+            if option is None:
+                continue
+
+            assert option.dest is not None
+
+            if option.action in ("store_true", "store_false"):
+                try:
+                    val = strtobool(val)
+                except ValueError:
+                    self.error(
+                        "{} is not a valid value for {} option, "  # noqa
+                        "please specify a boolean value like yes/no, "
+                        "true/false or 1/0 instead.".format(val, key)
+                    )
+            elif option.action == "count":
+                with suppress(ValueError):
+                    val = strtobool(val)
+                with suppress(ValueError):
+                    val = int(val)
+                if not isinstance(val, int) or val < 0:
+                    self.error(
+                        "{} is not a valid value for {} option, "  # noqa
+                        "please instead specify either a non-negative integer "
+                        "or a boolean value like yes/no or false/true "
+                        "which is equivalent to 1/0.".format(val, key)
+                    )
+            elif option.action == "append":
+                val = val.split()
+                val = [self.check_default(option, key, v) for v in val]
+            elif option.action == "callback":
+                assert option.callback is not None
+                late_eval.add(option.dest)
+                opt_str = option.get_opt_string()
+                val = option.convert_value(opt_str, val)
+                # From take_action
+                args = option.callback_args or ()
+                kwargs = option.callback_kwargs or {}
+                option.callback(option, opt_str, val, self, *args, **kwargs)
+            else:
+                val = self.check_default(option, key, val)
+
+            defaults[option.dest] = val
+
+        for key in late_eval:
+            defaults[key] = getattr(self.values, key)
+        self.values = None
+        return defaults
+
+    def get_default_values(self) -> optparse.Values:
+        """Overriding to make updating the defaults after instantiation of
+        the option parser possible, _update_defaults() does the dirty work."""
+        if not self.process_default_values:
+            # Old, pre-Optik 1.5 behaviour.
+            return optparse.Values(self.defaults)
+
+        # Load the configuration, or error out in case of an error
+        try:
+            self.config.load()
+        except ConfigurationError as err:
+            self.exit(UNKNOWN_ERROR, str(err))
+
+        defaults = self._update_defaults(self.defaults.copy())  # ours
+        for option in self._get_all_options():
+            assert option.dest is not None
+            default = defaults.get(option.dest)
+            if isinstance(default, str):
+                opt_str = option.get_opt_string()
+                defaults[option.dest] = option.check_value(opt_str, default)
+        return optparse.Values(defaults)
+
+    def error(self, msg: str) -> None:
+        self.print_usage(sys.stderr)
+        self.exit(UNKNOWN_ERROR, f"{msg}\n")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ffa1964
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py
@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+import functools
+import itertools
+import sys
+from signal import SIGINT, default_int_handler, signal
+from typing import Any, Callable, Iterator, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.progress.bar import Bar, FillingCirclesBar, IncrementalBar
+from pip._vendor.progress.spinner import Spinner
+from pip._vendor.rich.progress import (
+    BarColumn,
+    DownloadColumn,
+    FileSizeColumn,
+    Progress,
+    ProgressColumn,
+    SpinnerColumn,
+    TextColumn,
+    TimeElapsedColumn,
+    TimeRemainingColumn,
+    TransferSpeedColumn,
+)
+
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import get_indentation
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import format_size
+
+try:
+    from pip._vendor import colorama
+# Lots of different errors can come from this, including SystemError and
+# ImportError.
+except Exception:
+    colorama = None
+
+DownloadProgressRenderer = Callable[[Iterator[bytes]], Iterator[bytes]]
+
+
+def _select_progress_class(preferred: Bar, fallback: Bar) -> Bar:
+    encoding = getattr(preferred.file, "encoding", None)
+
+    # If we don't know what encoding this file is in, then we'll just assume
+    # that it doesn't support unicode and use the ASCII bar.
+    if not encoding:
+        return fallback
+
+    # Collect all of the possible characters we want to use with the preferred
+    # bar.
+    characters = [
+        getattr(preferred, "empty_fill", ""),
+        getattr(preferred, "fill", ""),
+    ]
+    characters += list(getattr(preferred, "phases", []))
+
+    # Try to decode the characters we're using for the bar using the encoding
+    # of the given file, if this works then we'll assume that we can use the
+    # fancier bar and if not we'll fall back to the plaintext bar.
+    try:
+        "".join(characters).encode(encoding)
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        return fallback
+    else:
+        return preferred
+
+
+_BaseBar: Any = _select_progress_class(IncrementalBar, Bar)
+
+
+class InterruptibleMixin:
+    """
+    Helper to ensure that self.finish() gets called on keyboard interrupt.
+
+    This allows downloads to be interrupted without leaving temporary state
+    (like hidden cursors) behind.
+
+    This class is similar to the progress library's existing SigIntMixin
+    helper, but as of version 1.2, that helper has the following problems:
+
+    1. It calls sys.exit().
+    2. It discards the existing SIGINT handler completely.
+    3. It leaves its own handler in place even after an uninterrupted finish,
+       which will have unexpected delayed effects if the user triggers an
+       unrelated keyboard interrupt some time after a progress-displaying
+       download has already completed, for example.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        """
+        Save the original SIGINT handler for later.
+        """
+        # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/5887
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+
+        self.original_handler = signal(SIGINT, self.handle_sigint)
+
+        # If signal() returns None, the previous handler was not installed from
+        # Python, and we cannot restore it. This probably should not happen,
+        # but if it does, we must restore something sensible instead, at least.
+        # The least bad option should be Python's default SIGINT handler, which
+        # just raises KeyboardInterrupt.
+        if self.original_handler is None:
+            self.original_handler = default_int_handler
+
+    def finish(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Restore the original SIGINT handler after finishing.
+
+        This should happen regardless of whether the progress display finishes
+        normally, or gets interrupted.
+        """
+        super().finish()  # type: ignore
+        signal(SIGINT, self.original_handler)
+
+    def handle_sigint(self, signum, frame):  # type: ignore
+        """
+        Call self.finish() before delegating to the original SIGINT handler.
+
+        This handler should only be in place while the progress display is
+        active.
+        """
+        self.finish()
+        self.original_handler(signum, frame)
+
+
+class SilentBar(Bar):
+    def update(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+class BlueEmojiBar(IncrementalBar):
+
+    suffix = "%(percent)d%%"
+    bar_prefix = " "
+    bar_suffix = " "
+    phases = ("\U0001F539", "\U0001F537", "\U0001F535")
+
+
+class DownloadProgressMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/5887
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+        self.message: str = (" " * (get_indentation() + 2)) + self.message
+
+    @property
+    def downloaded(self) -> str:
+        return format_size(self.index)  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def download_speed(self) -> str:
+        # Avoid zero division errors...
+        if self.avg == 0.0:  # type: ignore
+            return "..."
+        return format_size(1 / self.avg) + "/s"  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def pretty_eta(self) -> str:
+        if self.eta:  # type: ignore
+            return f"eta {self.eta_td}"  # type: ignore
+        return ""
+
+    def iter(self, it):  # type: ignore
+        for x in it:
+            yield x
+            # B305 is incorrectly raised here
+            # https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8-bugbear/issues/59
+            self.next(len(x))  # noqa: B305
+        self.finish()
+
+
+class WindowsMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        # The Windows terminal does not support the hide/show cursor ANSI codes
+        # even with colorama. So we'll ensure that hide_cursor is False on
+        # Windows.
+        # This call needs to go before the super() call, so that hide_cursor
+        # is set in time. The base progress bar class writes the "hide cursor"
+        # code to the terminal in its init, so if we don't set this soon
+        # enough, we get a "hide" with no corresponding "show"...
+        if WINDOWS and self.hide_cursor:  # type: ignore
+            self.hide_cursor = False
+
+        # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/5887
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+
+        # Check if we are running on Windows and we have the colorama module,
+        # if we do then wrap our file with it.
+        if WINDOWS and colorama:
+            self.file = colorama.AnsiToWin32(self.file)  # type: ignore
+            # The progress code expects to be able to call self.file.isatty()
+            # but the colorama.AnsiToWin32() object doesn't have that, so we'll
+            # add it.
+            self.file.isatty = lambda: self.file.wrapped.isatty()
+            # The progress code expects to be able to call self.file.flush()
+            # but the colorama.AnsiToWin32() object doesn't have that, so we'll
+            # add it.
+            self.file.flush = lambda: self.file.wrapped.flush()
+
+
+class BaseDownloadProgressBar(WindowsMixin, InterruptibleMixin, DownloadProgressMixin):
+
+    file = sys.stdout
+    message = "%(percent)d%%"
+    suffix = "%(downloaded)s %(download_speed)s %(pretty_eta)s"
+
+
+class DefaultDownloadProgressBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar, _BaseBar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadSilentBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar, SilentBar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar, Bar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadFillingCirclesBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar, FillingCirclesBar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadBlueEmojiProgressBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar, BlueEmojiBar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadProgressSpinner(
+    WindowsMixin, InterruptibleMixin, DownloadProgressMixin, Spinner
+):
+
+    file = sys.stdout
+    suffix = "%(downloaded)s %(download_speed)s"
+
+    def next_phase(self) -> str:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_phaser"):
+            self._phaser = itertools.cycle(self.phases)
+        return next(self._phaser)
+
+    def update(self) -> None:
+        message = self.message % self
+        phase = self.next_phase()
+        suffix = self.suffix % self
+        line = "".join(
+            [
+                message,
+                " " if message else "",
+                phase,
+                " " if suffix else "",
+                suffix,
+            ]
+        )
+
+        self.writeln(line)
+
+
+BAR_TYPES = {
+    "off": (DownloadSilentBar, DownloadSilentBar),
+    "on": (DefaultDownloadProgressBar, DownloadProgressSpinner),
+    "ascii": (DownloadBar, DownloadProgressSpinner),
+    "pretty": (DownloadFillingCirclesBar, DownloadProgressSpinner),
+    "emoji": (DownloadBlueEmojiProgressBar, DownloadProgressSpinner),
+}
+
+
+def _legacy_progress_bar(
+    progress_bar: str, max: Optional[int]
+) -> DownloadProgressRenderer:
+    if max is None or max == 0:
+        return BAR_TYPES[progress_bar][1]().iter  # type: ignore
+    else:
+        return BAR_TYPES[progress_bar][0](max=max).iter
+
+
+#
+# Modern replacement, for our legacy progress bars.
+#
+def _rich_progress_bar(
+    iterable: Iterator[bytes],
+    *,
+    bar_type: str,
+    size: int,
+) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+    assert bar_type == "on", "This should only be used in the default mode."
+
+    if not size:
+        total = float("inf")
+        columns: Tuple[ProgressColumn, ...] = (
+            TextColumn("[progress.description]{task.description}"),
+            SpinnerColumn("line", speed=1.5),
+            FileSizeColumn(),
+            TransferSpeedColumn(),
+            TimeElapsedColumn(),
+        )
+    else:
+        total = size
+        columns = (
+            TextColumn("[progress.description]{task.description}"),
+            BarColumn(),
+            DownloadColumn(),
+            TransferSpeedColumn(),
+            TextColumn("eta"),
+            TimeRemainingColumn(),
+        )
+
+    progress = Progress(*columns, refresh_per_second=30)
+    task_id = progress.add_task(" " * (get_indentation() + 2), total=total)
+    with progress:
+        for chunk in iterable:
+            yield chunk
+            progress.update(task_id, advance=len(chunk))
+
+
+def get_download_progress_renderer(
+    *, bar_type: str, size: Optional[int] = None
+) -> DownloadProgressRenderer:
+    """Get an object that can be used to render the download progress.
+
+    Returns a callable, that takes an iterable to "wrap".
+    """
+    if bar_type == "on":
+        return functools.partial(_rich_progress_bar, bar_type=bar_type, size=size)
+    elif bar_type == "off":
+        return iter  # no-op, when passed an iterator
+    else:
+        return _legacy_progress_bar(bar_type, size)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d4d1f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py
@@ -0,0 +1,506 @@
+"""Contains the Command base classes that depend on PipSession.
+
+The classes in this module are in a separate module so the commands not
+needing download / PackageFinder capability don't unnecessarily import the
+PackageFinder machinery and all its vendored dependencies, etc.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+from functools import partial
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import Any, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.command_context import CommandContextMixIn
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError, PreviousBuildDirError
+from pip._internal.index.collector import LinkCollector
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.models.selection_prefs import SelectionPreferences
+from pip._internal.models.target_python import TargetPython
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.operations.prepare import RequirementPreparer
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import (
+    install_req_from_editable,
+    install_req_from_line,
+    install_req_from_parsed_requirement,
+    install_req_from_req_string,
+)
+from pip._internal.req.req_file import parse_requirements
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.req.req_tracker import RequirementTracker
+from pip._internal.resolution.base import BaseResolver
+from pip._internal.self_outdated_check import pip_self_version_check
+from pip._internal.utils.deprecation import deprecated
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import (
+    TempDirectory,
+    TempDirectoryTypeRegistry,
+    tempdir_kinds,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class SessionCommandMixin(CommandContextMixIn):
+
+    """
+    A class mixin for command classes needing _build_session().
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._session: Optional[PipSession] = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_index_urls(cls, options: Values) -> Optional[List[str]]:
+        """Return a list of index urls from user-provided options."""
+        index_urls = []
+        if not getattr(options, "no_index", False):
+            url = getattr(options, "index_url", None)
+            if url:
+                index_urls.append(url)
+        urls = getattr(options, "extra_index_urls", None)
+        if urls:
+            index_urls.extend(urls)
+        # Return None rather than an empty list
+        return index_urls or None
+
+    def get_default_session(self, options: Values) -> PipSession:
+        """Get a default-managed session."""
+        if self._session is None:
+            self._session = self.enter_context(self._build_session(options))
+            # there's no type annotation on requests.Session, so it's
+            # automatically ContextManager[Any] and self._session becomes Any,
+            # then https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/7696 kicks in
+            assert self._session is not None
+        return self._session
+
+    def _build_session(
+        self,
+        options: Values,
+        retries: Optional[int] = None,
+        timeout: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> PipSession:
+        assert not options.cache_dir or os.path.isabs(options.cache_dir)
+        session = PipSession(
+            cache=(
+                os.path.join(options.cache_dir, "http") if options.cache_dir else None
+            ),
+            retries=retries if retries is not None else options.retries,
+            trusted_hosts=options.trusted_hosts,
+            index_urls=self._get_index_urls(options),
+        )
+
+        # Handle custom ca-bundles from the user
+        if options.cert:
+            session.verify = options.cert
+
+        # Handle SSL client certificate
+        if options.client_cert:
+            session.cert = options.client_cert
+
+        # Handle timeouts
+        if options.timeout or timeout:
+            session.timeout = timeout if timeout is not None else options.timeout
+
+        # Handle configured proxies
+        if options.proxy:
+            session.proxies = {
+                "http": options.proxy,
+                "https": options.proxy,
+            }
+
+        # Determine if we can prompt the user for authentication or not
+        session.auth.prompting = not options.no_input
+
+        return session
+
+
+class IndexGroupCommand(Command, SessionCommandMixin):
+
+    """
+    Abstract base class for commands with the index_group options.
+
+    This also corresponds to the commands that permit the pip version check.
+    """
+
+    def handle_pip_version_check(self, options: Values) -> None:
+        """
+        Do the pip version check if not disabled.
+
+        This overrides the default behavior of not doing the check.
+        """
+        # Make sure the index_group options are present.
+        assert hasattr(options, "no_index")
+
+        if options.disable_pip_version_check or options.no_index:
+            return
+
+        # Otherwise, check if we're using the latest version of pip available.
+        session = self._build_session(
+            options, retries=0, timeout=min(5, options.timeout)
+        )
+        with session:
+            pip_self_version_check(session, options)
+
+
+KEEPABLE_TEMPDIR_TYPES = [
+    tempdir_kinds.BUILD_ENV,
+    tempdir_kinds.EPHEM_WHEEL_CACHE,
+    tempdir_kinds.REQ_BUILD,
+]
+
+
+def warn_if_run_as_root() -> None:
+    """Output a warning for sudo users on Unix.
+
+    In a virtual environment, sudo pip still writes to virtualenv.
+    On Windows, users may run pip as Administrator without issues.
+    This warning only applies to Unix root users outside of virtualenv.
+    """
+    if running_under_virtualenv():
+        return
+    if not hasattr(os, "getuid"):
+        return
+    # On Windows, there are no "system managed" Python packages. Installing as
+    # Administrator via pip is the correct way of updating system environments.
+    #
+    # We choose sys.platform over utils.compat.WINDOWS here to enable Mypy platform
+    # checks: https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/common_issues.html
+    if sys.platform == "win32" or sys.platform == "cygwin":
+        return
+
+    if os.getuid() != 0:
+        return
+
+    logger.warning(
+        "Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and "
+        "conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. "
+        "It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: "
+        "https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv"
+    )
+
+
+def with_cleanup(func: Any) -> Any:
+    """Decorator for common logic related to managing temporary
+    directories.
+    """
+
+    def configure_tempdir_registry(registry: TempDirectoryTypeRegistry) -> None:
+        for t in KEEPABLE_TEMPDIR_TYPES:
+            registry.set_delete(t, False)
+
+    def wrapper(
+        self: RequirementCommand, options: Values, args: List[Any]
+    ) -> Optional[int]:
+        assert self.tempdir_registry is not None
+        if options.no_clean:
+            configure_tempdir_registry(self.tempdir_registry)
+
+        try:
+            return func(self, options, args)
+        except PreviousBuildDirError:
+            # This kind of conflict can occur when the user passes an explicit
+            # build directory with a pre-existing folder. In that case we do
+            # not want to accidentally remove it.
+            configure_tempdir_registry(self.tempdir_registry)
+            raise
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class RequirementCommand(IndexGroupCommand):
+    def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kw: Any) -> None:
+        super().__init__(*args, **kw)
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_clean())
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def determine_resolver_variant(options: Values) -> str:
+        """Determines which resolver should be used, based on the given options."""
+        if "legacy-resolver" in options.deprecated_features_enabled:
+            return "legacy"
+
+        return "2020-resolver"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def determine_build_failure_suppression(options: Values) -> bool:
+        """Determines whether build failures should be suppressed and backtracked on."""
+        if "backtrack-on-build-failures" not in options.deprecated_features_enabled:
+            return False
+
+        if "legacy-resolver" in options.deprecated_features_enabled:
+            raise CommandError("Cannot backtrack with legacy resolver.")
+
+        deprecated(
+            reason=(
+                "Backtracking on build failures can mask issues related to how "
+                "a package generates metadata or builds a wheel. This flag will "
+                "be removed in pip 22.2."
+            ),
+            gone_in=None,
+            replacement=(
+                "avoiding known-bad versions by explicitly telling pip to ignore them "
+                "(either directly as requirements, or via a constraints file)"
+            ),
+            feature_flag=None,
+            issue=10655,
+        )
+        return True
+
+    @classmethod
+    def make_requirement_preparer(
+        cls,
+        temp_build_dir: TempDirectory,
+        options: Values,
+        req_tracker: RequirementTracker,
+        session: PipSession,
+        finder: PackageFinder,
+        use_user_site: bool,
+        download_dir: Optional[str] = None,
+        verbosity: int = 0,
+    ) -> RequirementPreparer:
+        """
+        Create a RequirementPreparer instance for the given parameters.
+        """
+        temp_build_dir_path = temp_build_dir.path
+        assert temp_build_dir_path is not None
+
+        resolver_variant = cls.determine_resolver_variant(options)
+        if resolver_variant == "2020-resolver":
+            lazy_wheel = "fast-deps" in options.features_enabled
+            if lazy_wheel:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "pip is using lazily downloaded wheels using HTTP "
+                    "range requests to obtain dependency information. "
+                    "This experimental feature is enabled through "
+                    "--use-feature=fast-deps and it is not ready for "
+                    "production."
+                )
+        else:
+            lazy_wheel = False
+            if "fast-deps" in options.features_enabled:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "fast-deps has no effect when used with the legacy resolver."
+                )
+
+        in_tree_build = "out-of-tree-build" not in options.deprecated_features_enabled
+        if "in-tree-build" in options.features_enabled:
+            deprecated(
+                reason="In-tree builds are now the default.",
+                replacement="to remove the --use-feature=in-tree-build flag",
+                gone_in="22.1",
+            )
+        if "out-of-tree-build" in options.deprecated_features_enabled:
+            deprecated(
+                reason="Out-of-tree builds are deprecated.",
+                replacement=None,
+                gone_in="22.1",
+            )
+
+        if options.progress_bar not in {"on", "off"}:
+            deprecated(
+                reason="Custom progress bar styles are deprecated",
+                replacement="to use the default progress bar style.",
+                gone_in="22.1",
+            )
+
+        return RequirementPreparer(
+            build_dir=temp_build_dir_path,
+            src_dir=options.src_dir,
+            download_dir=download_dir,
+            build_isolation=options.build_isolation,
+            req_tracker=req_tracker,
+            session=session,
+            progress_bar=options.progress_bar,
+            finder=finder,
+            require_hashes=options.require_hashes,
+            use_user_site=use_user_site,
+            lazy_wheel=lazy_wheel,
+            verbosity=verbosity,
+            in_tree_build=in_tree_build,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def make_resolver(
+        cls,
+        preparer: RequirementPreparer,
+        finder: PackageFinder,
+        options: Values,
+        wheel_cache: Optional[WheelCache] = None,
+        use_user_site: bool = False,
+        ignore_installed: bool = True,
+        ignore_requires_python: bool = False,
+        force_reinstall: bool = False,
+        upgrade_strategy: str = "to-satisfy-only",
+        use_pep517: Optional[bool] = None,
+        py_version_info: Optional[Tuple[int, ...]] = None,
+    ) -> BaseResolver:
+        """
+        Create a Resolver instance for the given parameters.
+        """
+        make_install_req = partial(
+            install_req_from_req_string,
+            isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+            use_pep517=use_pep517,
+        )
+        suppress_build_failures = cls.determine_build_failure_suppression(options)
+        resolver_variant = cls.determine_resolver_variant(options)
+        # The long import name and duplicated invocation is needed to convince
+        # Mypy into correctly typechecking. Otherwise it would complain the
+        # "Resolver" class being redefined.
+        if resolver_variant == "2020-resolver":
+            import pip._internal.resolution.resolvelib.resolver
+
+            return pip._internal.resolution.resolvelib.resolver.Resolver(
+                preparer=preparer,
+                finder=finder,
+                wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+                make_install_req=make_install_req,
+                use_user_site=use_user_site,
+                ignore_dependencies=options.ignore_dependencies,
+                ignore_installed=ignore_installed,
+                ignore_requires_python=ignore_requires_python,
+                force_reinstall=force_reinstall,
+                upgrade_strategy=upgrade_strategy,
+                py_version_info=py_version_info,
+                suppress_build_failures=suppress_build_failures,
+            )
+        import pip._internal.resolution.legacy.resolver
+
+        return pip._internal.resolution.legacy.resolver.Resolver(
+            preparer=preparer,
+            finder=finder,
+            wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+            make_install_req=make_install_req,
+            use_user_site=use_user_site,
+            ignore_dependencies=options.ignore_dependencies,
+            ignore_installed=ignore_installed,
+            ignore_requires_python=ignore_requires_python,
+            force_reinstall=force_reinstall,
+            upgrade_strategy=upgrade_strategy,
+            py_version_info=py_version_info,
+        )
+
+    def get_requirements(
+        self,
+        args: List[str],
+        options: Values,
+        finder: PackageFinder,
+        session: PipSession,
+    ) -> List[InstallRequirement]:
+        """
+        Parse command-line arguments into the corresponding requirements.
+        """
+        requirements: List[InstallRequirement] = []
+        for filename in options.constraints:
+            for parsed_req in parse_requirements(
+                filename,
+                constraint=True,
+                finder=finder,
+                options=options,
+                session=session,
+            ):
+                req_to_add = install_req_from_parsed_requirement(
+                    parsed_req,
+                    isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                    user_supplied=False,
+                )
+                requirements.append(req_to_add)
+
+        for req in args:
+            req_to_add = install_req_from_line(
+                req,
+                None,
+                isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                use_pep517=options.use_pep517,
+                user_supplied=True,
+            )
+            requirements.append(req_to_add)
+
+        for req in options.editables:
+            req_to_add = install_req_from_editable(
+                req,
+                user_supplied=True,
+                isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                use_pep517=options.use_pep517,
+            )
+            requirements.append(req_to_add)
+
+        # NOTE: options.require_hashes may be set if --require-hashes is True
+        for filename in options.requirements:
+            for parsed_req in parse_requirements(
+                filename, finder=finder, options=options, session=session
+            ):
+                req_to_add = install_req_from_parsed_requirement(
+                    parsed_req,
+                    isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                    use_pep517=options.use_pep517,
+                    user_supplied=True,
+                )
+                requirements.append(req_to_add)
+
+        # If any requirement has hash options, enable hash checking.
+        if any(req.has_hash_options for req in requirements):
+            options.require_hashes = True
+
+        if not (args or options.editables or options.requirements):
+            opts = {"name": self.name}
+            if options.find_links:
+                raise CommandError(
+                    "You must give at least one requirement to {name} "
+                    '(maybe you meant "pip {name} {links}"?)'.format(
+                        **dict(opts, links=" ".join(options.find_links))
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                raise CommandError(
+                    "You must give at least one requirement to {name} "
+                    '(see "pip help {name}")'.format(**opts)
+                )
+
+        return requirements
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def trace_basic_info(finder: PackageFinder) -> None:
+        """
+        Trace basic information about the provided objects.
+        """
+        # Display where finder is looking for packages
+        search_scope = finder.search_scope
+        locations = search_scope.get_formatted_locations()
+        if locations:
+            logger.info(locations)
+
+    def _build_package_finder(
+        self,
+        options: Values,
+        session: PipSession,
+        target_python: Optional[TargetPython] = None,
+        ignore_requires_python: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> PackageFinder:
+        """
+        Create a package finder appropriate to this requirement command.
+
+        :param ignore_requires_python: Whether to ignore incompatible
+            "Requires-Python" values in links. Defaults to False.
+        """
+        link_collector = LinkCollector.create(session, options=options)
+        selection_prefs = SelectionPreferences(
+            allow_yanked=True,
+            format_control=options.format_control,
+            allow_all_prereleases=options.pre,
+            prefer_binary=options.prefer_binary,
+            ignore_requires_python=ignore_requires_python,
+        )
+
+        return PackageFinder.create(
+            link_collector=link_collector,
+            selection_prefs=selection_prefs,
+            target_python=target_python,
+            use_deprecated_html5lib="html5lib" in options.deprecated_features_enabled,
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/spinners.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/spinners.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e313e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/spinners.py
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+import contextlib
+import itertools
+import logging
+import sys
+import time
+from typing import IO, Iterator
+
+from pip._vendor.progress import HIDE_CURSOR, SHOW_CURSOR
+
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import get_indentation
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class SpinnerInterface:
+    def spin(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def finish(self, final_status: str) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class InteractiveSpinner(SpinnerInterface):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message: str,
+        file: IO[str] = None,
+        spin_chars: str = "-\\|/",
+        # Empirically, 8 updates/second looks nice
+        min_update_interval_seconds: float = 0.125,
+    ):
+        self._message = message
+        if file is None:
+            file = sys.stdout
+        self._file = file
+        self._rate_limiter = RateLimiter(min_update_interval_seconds)
+        self._finished = False
+
+        self._spin_cycle = itertools.cycle(spin_chars)
+
+        self._file.write(" " * get_indentation() + self._message + " ... ")
+        self._width = 0
+
+    def _write(self, status: str) -> None:
+        assert not self._finished
+        # Erase what we wrote before by backspacing to the beginning, writing
+        # spaces to overwrite the old text, and then backspacing again
+        backup = "\b" * self._width
+        self._file.write(backup + " " * self._width + backup)
+        # Now we have a blank slate to add our status
+        self._file.write(status)
+        self._width = len(status)
+        self._file.flush()
+        self._rate_limiter.reset()
+
+    def spin(self) -> None:
+        if self._finished:
+            return
+        if not self._rate_limiter.ready():
+            return
+        self._write(next(self._spin_cycle))
+
+    def finish(self, final_status: str) -> None:
+        if self._finished:
+            return
+        self._write(final_status)
+        self._file.write("\n")
+        self._file.flush()
+        self._finished = True
+
+
+# Used for dumb terminals, non-interactive installs (no tty), etc.
+# We still print updates occasionally (once every 60 seconds by default) to
+# act as a keep-alive for systems like Travis-CI that take lack-of-output as
+# an indication that a task has frozen.
+class NonInteractiveSpinner(SpinnerInterface):
+    def __init__(self, message: str, min_update_interval_seconds: float = 60.0) -> None:
+        self._message = message
+        self._finished = False
+        self._rate_limiter = RateLimiter(min_update_interval_seconds)
+        self._update("started")
+
+    def _update(self, status: str) -> None:
+        assert not self._finished
+        self._rate_limiter.reset()
+        logger.info("%s: %s", self._message, status)
+
+    def spin(self) -> None:
+        if self._finished:
+            return
+        if not self._rate_limiter.ready():
+            return
+        self._update("still running...")
+
+    def finish(self, final_status: str) -> None:
+        if self._finished:
+            return
+        self._update(f"finished with status '{final_status}'")
+        self._finished = True
+
+
+class RateLimiter:
+    def __init__(self, min_update_interval_seconds: float) -> None:
+        self._min_update_interval_seconds = min_update_interval_seconds
+        self._last_update: float = 0
+
+    def ready(self) -> bool:
+        now = time.time()
+        delta = now - self._last_update
+        return delta >= self._min_update_interval_seconds
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        self._last_update = time.time()
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def open_spinner(message: str) -> Iterator[SpinnerInterface]:
+    # Interactive spinner goes directly to sys.stdout rather than being routed
+    # through the logging system, but it acts like it has level INFO,
+    # i.e. it's only displayed if we're at level INFO or better.
+    # Non-interactive spinner goes through the logging system, so it is always
+    # in sync with logging configuration.
+    if sys.stdout.isatty() and logger.getEffectiveLevel() <= logging.INFO:
+        spinner: SpinnerInterface = InteractiveSpinner(message)
+    else:
+        spinner = NonInteractiveSpinner(message)
+    try:
+        with hidden_cursor(sys.stdout):
+            yield spinner
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        spinner.finish("canceled")
+        raise
+    except Exception:
+        spinner.finish("error")
+        raise
+    else:
+        spinner.finish("done")
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def hidden_cursor(file: IO[str]) -> Iterator[None]:
+    # The Windows terminal does not support the hide/show cursor ANSI codes,
+    # even via colorama. So don't even try.
+    if WINDOWS:
+        yield
+    # We don't want to clutter the output with control characters if we're
+    # writing to a file, or if the user is running with --quiet.
+    # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/3418
+    elif not file.isatty() or logger.getEffectiveLevel() > logging.INFO:
+        yield
+    else:
+        file.write(HIDE_CURSOR)
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            file.write(SHOW_CURSOR)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/status_codes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/status_codes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e29502
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/status_codes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+SUCCESS = 0
+ERROR = 1
+UNKNOWN_ERROR = 2
+VIRTUALENV_NOT_FOUND = 3
+PREVIOUS_BUILD_DIR_ERROR = 4
+NO_MATCHES_FOUND = 23
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c72f24f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+"""
+Package containing all pip commands
+"""
+
+import importlib
+from collections import namedtuple
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+
+CommandInfo = namedtuple("CommandInfo", "module_path, class_name, summary")
+
+# This dictionary does a bunch of heavy lifting for help output:
+# - Enables avoiding additional (costly) imports for presenting `--help`.
+# - The ordering matters for help display.
+#
+# Even though the module path starts with the same "pip._internal.commands"
+# prefix, the full path makes testing easier (specifically when modifying
+# `commands_dict` in test setup / teardown).
+commands_dict: Dict[str, CommandInfo] = {
+    "install": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.install",
+        "InstallCommand",
+        "Install packages.",
+    ),
+    "download": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.download",
+        "DownloadCommand",
+        "Download packages.",
+    ),
+    "uninstall": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.uninstall",
+        "UninstallCommand",
+        "Uninstall packages.",
+    ),
+    "freeze": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.freeze",
+        "FreezeCommand",
+        "Output installed packages in requirements format.",
+    ),
+    "list": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.list",
+        "ListCommand",
+        "List installed packages.",
+    ),
+    "show": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.show",
+        "ShowCommand",
+        "Show information about installed packages.",
+    ),
+    "check": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.check",
+        "CheckCommand",
+        "Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.",
+    ),
+    "config": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.configuration",
+        "ConfigurationCommand",
+        "Manage local and global configuration.",
+    ),
+    "search": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.search",
+        "SearchCommand",
+        "Search PyPI for packages.",
+    ),
+    "cache": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.cache",
+        "CacheCommand",
+        "Inspect and manage pip's wheel cache.",
+    ),
+    "index": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.index",
+        "IndexCommand",
+        "Inspect information available from package indexes.",
+    ),
+    "wheel": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.wheel",
+        "WheelCommand",
+        "Build wheels from your requirements.",
+    ),
+    "hash": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.hash",
+        "HashCommand",
+        "Compute hashes of package archives.",
+    ),
+    "completion": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.completion",
+        "CompletionCommand",
+        "A helper command used for command completion.",
+    ),
+    "debug": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.debug",
+        "DebugCommand",
+        "Show information useful for debugging.",
+    ),
+    "help": CommandInfo(
+        "pip._internal.commands.help",
+        "HelpCommand",
+        "Show help for commands.",
+    ),
+}
+
+
+def create_command(name: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Command:
+    """
+    Create an instance of the Command class with the given name.
+    """
+    module_path, class_name, summary = commands_dict[name]
+    module = importlib.import_module(module_path)
+    command_class = getattr(module, class_name)
+    command = command_class(name=name, summary=summary, **kwargs)
+
+    return command
+
+
+def get_similar_commands(name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Command name auto-correct."""
+    from difflib import get_close_matches
+
+    name = name.lower()
+
+    close_commands = get_close_matches(name, commands_dict.keys())
+
+    if close_commands:
+        return close_commands[0]
+    else:
+        return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/cache.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1a489d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+import os
+import textwrap
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import Any, List
+
+import pip._internal.utils.filesystem as filesystem
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError, PipError
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger
+
+logger = getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class CacheCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Inspect and manage pip's wheel cache.
+
+    Subcommands:
+
+    - dir: Show the cache directory.
+    - info: Show information about the cache.
+    - list: List filenames of packages stored in the cache.
+    - remove: Remove one or more package from the cache.
+    - purge: Remove all items from the cache.
+
+    ``<pattern>`` can be a glob expression or a package name.
+    """
+
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+    usage = """
+        %prog dir
+        %prog info
+        %prog list [<pattern>] [--format=[human, abspath]]
+        %prog remove <pattern>
+        %prog purge
+    """
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--format",
+            action="store",
+            dest="list_format",
+            default="human",
+            choices=("human", "abspath"),
+            help="Select the output format among: human (default) or abspath",
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        handlers = {
+            "dir": self.get_cache_dir,
+            "info": self.get_cache_info,
+            "list": self.list_cache_items,
+            "remove": self.remove_cache_items,
+            "purge": self.purge_cache,
+        }
+
+        if not options.cache_dir:
+            logger.error("pip cache commands can not function since cache is disabled.")
+            return ERROR
+
+        # Determine action
+        if not args or args[0] not in handlers:
+            logger.error(
+                "Need an action (%s) to perform.",
+                ", ".join(sorted(handlers)),
+            )
+            return ERROR
+
+        action = args[0]
+
+        # Error handling happens here, not in the action-handlers.
+        try:
+            handlers[action](options, args[1:])
+        except PipError as e:
+            logger.error(e.args[0])
+            return ERROR
+
+        return SUCCESS
+
+    def get_cache_dir(self, options: Values, args: List[Any]) -> None:
+        if args:
+            raise CommandError("Too many arguments")
+
+        logger.info(options.cache_dir)
+
+    def get_cache_info(self, options: Values, args: List[Any]) -> None:
+        if args:
+            raise CommandError("Too many arguments")
+
+        num_http_files = len(self._find_http_files(options))
+        num_packages = len(self._find_wheels(options, "*"))
+
+        http_cache_location = self._cache_dir(options, "http")
+        wheels_cache_location = self._cache_dir(options, "wheels")
+        http_cache_size = filesystem.format_directory_size(http_cache_location)
+        wheels_cache_size = filesystem.format_directory_size(wheels_cache_location)
+
+        message = (
+            textwrap.dedent(
+                """
+                    Package index page cache location: {http_cache_location}
+                    Package index page cache size: {http_cache_size}
+                    Number of HTTP files: {num_http_files}
+                    Wheels location: {wheels_cache_location}
+                    Wheels size: {wheels_cache_size}
+                    Number of wheels: {package_count}
+                """
+            )
+            .format(
+                http_cache_location=http_cache_location,
+                http_cache_size=http_cache_size,
+                num_http_files=num_http_files,
+                wheels_cache_location=wheels_cache_location,
+                package_count=num_packages,
+                wheels_cache_size=wheels_cache_size,
+            )
+            .strip()
+        )
+
+        logger.info(message)
+
+    def list_cache_items(self, options: Values, args: List[Any]) -> None:
+        if len(args) > 1:
+            raise CommandError("Too many arguments")
+
+        if args:
+            pattern = args[0]
+        else:
+            pattern = "*"
+
+        files = self._find_wheels(options, pattern)
+        if options.list_format == "human":
+            self.format_for_human(files)
+        else:
+            self.format_for_abspath(files)
+
+    def format_for_human(self, files: List[str]) -> None:
+        if not files:
+            logger.info("Nothing cached.")
+            return
+
+        results = []
+        for filename in files:
+            wheel = os.path.basename(filename)
+            size = filesystem.format_file_size(filename)
+            results.append(f" - {wheel} ({size})")
+        logger.info("Cache contents:\n")
+        logger.info("\n".join(sorted(results)))
+
+    def format_for_abspath(self, files: List[str]) -> None:
+        if not files:
+            return
+
+        results = []
+        for filename in files:
+            results.append(filename)
+
+        logger.info("\n".join(sorted(results)))
+
+    def remove_cache_items(self, options: Values, args: List[Any]) -> None:
+        if len(args) > 1:
+            raise CommandError("Too many arguments")
+
+        if not args:
+            raise CommandError("Please provide a pattern")
+
+        files = self._find_wheels(options, args[0])
+
+        no_matching_msg = "No matching packages"
+        if args[0] == "*":
+            # Only fetch http files if no specific pattern given
+            files += self._find_http_files(options)
+        else:
+            # Add the pattern to the log message
+            no_matching_msg += ' for pattern "{}"'.format(args[0])
+
+        if not files:
+            logger.warning(no_matching_msg)
+
+        for filename in files:
+            os.unlink(filename)
+            logger.verbose("Removed %s", filename)
+        logger.info("Files removed: %s", len(files))
+
+    def purge_cache(self, options: Values, args: List[Any]) -> None:
+        if args:
+            raise CommandError("Too many arguments")
+
+        return self.remove_cache_items(options, ["*"])
+
+    def _cache_dir(self, options: Values, subdir: str) -> str:
+        return os.path.join(options.cache_dir, subdir)
+
+    def _find_http_files(self, options: Values) -> List[str]:
+        http_dir = self._cache_dir(options, "http")
+        return filesystem.find_files(http_dir, "*")
+
+    def _find_wheels(self, options: Values, pattern: str) -> List[str]:
+        wheel_dir = self._cache_dir(options, "wheels")
+
+        # The wheel filename format, as specified in PEP 427, is:
+        #     {distribution}-{version}(-{build})?-{python}-{abi}-{platform}.whl
+        #
+        # Additionally, non-alphanumeric values in the distribution are
+        # normalized to underscores (_), meaning hyphens can never occur
+        # before `-{version}`.
+        #
+        # Given that information:
+        # - If the pattern we're given contains a hyphen (-), the user is
+        #   providing at least the version. Thus, we can just append `*.whl`
+        #   to match the rest of it.
+        # - If the pattern we're given doesn't contain a hyphen (-), the
+        #   user is only providing the name. Thus, we append `-*.whl` to
+        #   match the hyphen before the version, followed by anything else.
+        #
+        # PEP 427: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0427/
+        pattern = pattern + ("*.whl" if "-" in pattern else "-*.whl")
+
+        return filesystem.find_files(wheel_dir, pattern)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/check.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/check.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3864220
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/check.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import logging
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.operations.check import (
+    check_package_set,
+    create_package_set_from_installed,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import write_output
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class CheckCommand(Command):
+    """Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies."""
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options]"""
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+
+        package_set, parsing_probs = create_package_set_from_installed()
+        missing, conflicting = check_package_set(package_set)
+
+        for project_name in missing:
+            version = package_set[project_name].version
+            for dependency in missing[project_name]:
+                write_output(
+                    "%s %s requires %s, which is not installed.",
+                    project_name,
+                    version,
+                    dependency[0],
+                )
+
+        for project_name in conflicting:
+            version = package_set[project_name].version
+            for dep_name, dep_version, req in conflicting[project_name]:
+                write_output(
+                    "%s %s has requirement %s, but you have %s %s.",
+                    project_name,
+                    version,
+                    req,
+                    dep_name,
+                    dep_version,
+                )
+
+        if missing or conflicting or parsing_probs:
+            return ERROR
+        else:
+            write_output("No broken requirements found.")
+            return SUCCESS
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/completion.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/completion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0fb4ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/completion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+import sys
+import textwrap
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_prog
+
+BASE_COMPLETION = """
+# pip {shell} completion start{script}# pip {shell} completion end
+"""
+
+COMPLETION_SCRIPTS = {
+    "bash": """
+        _pip_completion()
+        {{
+            COMPREPLY=( $( COMP_WORDS="${{COMP_WORDS[*]}}" \\
+                           COMP_CWORD=$COMP_CWORD \\
+                           PIP_AUTO_COMPLETE=1 $1 2>/dev/null ) )
+        }}
+        complete -o default -F _pip_completion {prog}
+    """,
+    "zsh": """
+        function _pip_completion {{
+          local words cword
+          read -Ac words
+          read -cn cword
+          reply=( $( COMP_WORDS="$words[*]" \\
+                     COMP_CWORD=$(( cword-1 )) \\
+                     PIP_AUTO_COMPLETE=1 $words[1] 2>/dev/null ))
+        }}
+        compctl -K _pip_completion {prog}
+    """,
+    "fish": """
+        function __fish_complete_pip
+            set -lx COMP_WORDS (commandline -o) ""
+            set -lx COMP_CWORD ( \\
+                math (contains -i -- (commandline -t) $COMP_WORDS)-1 \\
+            )
+            set -lx PIP_AUTO_COMPLETE 1
+            string split \\  -- (eval $COMP_WORDS[1])
+        end
+        complete -fa "(__fish_complete_pip)" -c {prog}
+    """,
+}
+
+
+class CompletionCommand(Command):
+    """A helper command to be used for command completion."""
+
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--bash",
+            "-b",
+            action="store_const",
+            const="bash",
+            dest="shell",
+            help="Emit completion code for bash",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--zsh",
+            "-z",
+            action="store_const",
+            const="zsh",
+            dest="shell",
+            help="Emit completion code for zsh",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--fish",
+            "-f",
+            action="store_const",
+            const="fish",
+            dest="shell",
+            help="Emit completion code for fish",
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        """Prints the completion code of the given shell"""
+        shells = COMPLETION_SCRIPTS.keys()
+        shell_options = ["--" + shell for shell in sorted(shells)]
+        if options.shell in shells:
+            script = textwrap.dedent(
+                COMPLETION_SCRIPTS.get(options.shell, "").format(prog=get_prog())
+            )
+            print(BASE_COMPLETION.format(script=script, shell=options.shell))
+            return SUCCESS
+        else:
+            sys.stderr.write(
+                "ERROR: You must pass {}\n".format(" or ".join(shell_options))
+            )
+            return SUCCESS
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/configuration.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/configuration.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6c74ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/configuration.py
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import subprocess
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import Any, List, Optional
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.configuration import (
+    Configuration,
+    Kind,
+    get_configuration_files,
+    kinds,
+)
+from pip._internal.exceptions import PipError
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_prog, write_output
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class ConfigurationCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Manage local and global configuration.
+
+    Subcommands:
+
+    - list: List the active configuration (or from the file specified)
+    - edit: Edit the configuration file in an editor
+    - get: Get the value associated with name
+    - set: Set the name=value
+    - unset: Unset the value associated with name
+    - debug: List the configuration files and values defined under them
+
+    If none of --user, --global and --site are passed, a virtual
+    environment configuration file is used if one is active and the file
+    exists. Otherwise, all modifications happen to the user file by
+    default.
+    """
+
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+    usage = """
+        %prog [<file-option>] list
+        %prog [<file-option>] [--editor <editor-path>] edit
+
+        %prog [<file-option>] get name
+        %prog [<file-option>] set name value
+        %prog [<file-option>] unset name
+        %prog [<file-option>] debug
+    """
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--editor",
+            dest="editor",
+            action="store",
+            default=None,
+            help=(
+                "Editor to use to edit the file. Uses VISUAL or EDITOR "
+                "environment variables if not provided."
+            ),
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--global",
+            dest="global_file",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="Use the system-wide configuration file only",
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--user",
+            dest="user_file",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="Use the user configuration file only",
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--site",
+            dest="site_file",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="Use the current environment configuration file only",
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        handlers = {
+            "list": self.list_values,
+            "edit": self.open_in_editor,
+            "get": self.get_name,
+            "set": self.set_name_value,
+            "unset": self.unset_name,
+            "debug": self.list_config_values,
+        }
+
+        # Determine action
+        if not args or args[0] not in handlers:
+            logger.error(
+                "Need an action (%s) to perform.",
+                ", ".join(sorted(handlers)),
+            )
+            return ERROR
+
+        action = args[0]
+
+        # Determine which configuration files are to be loaded
+        #    Depends on whether the command is modifying.
+        try:
+            load_only = self._determine_file(
+                options, need_value=(action in ["get", "set", "unset", "edit"])
+            )
+        except PipError as e:
+            logger.error(e.args[0])
+            return ERROR
+
+        # Load a new configuration
+        self.configuration = Configuration(
+            isolated=options.isolated_mode, load_only=load_only
+        )
+        self.configuration.load()
+
+        # Error handling happens here, not in the action-handlers.
+        try:
+            handlers[action](options, args[1:])
+        except PipError as e:
+            logger.error(e.args[0])
+            return ERROR
+
+        return SUCCESS
+
+    def _determine_file(self, options: Values, need_value: bool) -> Optional[Kind]:
+        file_options = [
+            key
+            for key, value in (
+                (kinds.USER, options.user_file),
+                (kinds.GLOBAL, options.global_file),
+                (kinds.SITE, options.site_file),
+            )
+            if value
+        ]
+
+        if not file_options:
+            if not need_value:
+                return None
+            # Default to user, unless there's a site file.
+            elif any(
+                os.path.exists(site_config_file)
+                for site_config_file in get_configuration_files()[kinds.SITE]
+            ):
+                return kinds.SITE
+            else:
+                return kinds.USER
+        elif len(file_options) == 1:
+            return file_options[0]
+
+        raise PipError(
+            "Need exactly one file to operate upon "
+            "(--user, --site, --global) to perform."
+        )
+
+    def list_values(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
+        self._get_n_args(args, "list", n=0)
+
+        for key, value in sorted(self.configuration.items()):
+            write_output("%s=%r", key, value)
+
+    def get_name(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
+        key = self._get_n_args(args, "get [name]", n=1)
+        value = self.configuration.get_value(key)
+
+        write_output("%s", value)
+
+    def set_name_value(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
+        key, value = self._get_n_args(args, "set [name] [value]", n=2)
+        self.configuration.set_value(key, value)
+
+        self._save_configuration()
+
+    def unset_name(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
+        key = self._get_n_args(args, "unset [name]", n=1)
+        self.configuration.unset_value(key)
+
+        self._save_configuration()
+
+    def list_config_values(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
+        """List config key-value pairs across different config files"""
+        self._get_n_args(args, "debug", n=0)
+
+        self.print_env_var_values()
+        # Iterate over config files and print if they exist, and the
+        # key-value pairs present in them if they do
+        for variant, files in sorted(self.configuration.iter_config_files()):
+            write_output("%s:", variant)
+            for fname in files:
+                with indent_log():
+                    file_exists = os.path.exists(fname)
+                    write_output("%s, exists: %r", fname, file_exists)
+                    if file_exists:
+                        self.print_config_file_values(variant)
+
+    def print_config_file_values(self, variant: Kind) -> None:
+        """Get key-value pairs from the file of a variant"""
+        for name, value in self.configuration.get_values_in_config(variant).items():
+            with indent_log():
+                write_output("%s: %s", name, value)
+
+    def print_env_var_values(self) -> None:
+        """Get key-values pairs present as environment variables"""
+        write_output("%s:", "env_var")
+        with indent_log():
+            for key, value in sorted(self.configuration.get_environ_vars()):
+                env_var = f"PIP_{key.upper()}"
+                write_output("%s=%r", env_var, value)
+
+    def open_in_editor(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
+        editor = self._determine_editor(options)
+
+        fname = self.configuration.get_file_to_edit()
+        if fname is None:
+            raise PipError("Could not determine appropriate file.")
+
+        try:
+            subprocess.check_call([editor, fname])
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+            raise PipError(
+                "Editor Subprocess exited with exit code {}".format(e.returncode)
+            )
+
+    def _get_n_args(self, args: List[str], example: str, n: int) -> Any:
+        """Helper to make sure the command got the right number of arguments"""
+        if len(args) != n:
+            msg = (
+                "Got unexpected number of arguments, expected {}. "
+                '(example: "{} config {}")'
+            ).format(n, get_prog(), example)
+            raise PipError(msg)
+
+        if n == 1:
+            return args[0]
+        else:
+            return args
+
+    def _save_configuration(self) -> None:
+        # We successfully ran a modifying command. Need to save the
+        # configuration.
+        try:
+            self.configuration.save()
+        except Exception:
+            logger.exception(
+                "Unable to save configuration. Please report this as a bug."
+            )
+            raise PipError("Internal Error.")
+
+    def _determine_editor(self, options: Values) -> str:
+        if options.editor is not None:
+            return options.editor
+        elif "VISUAL" in os.environ:
+            return os.environ["VISUAL"]
+        elif "EDITOR" in os.environ:
+            return os.environ["EDITOR"]
+        else:
+            raise PipError("Could not determine editor to use.")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/debug.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/debug.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3f1f28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/debug.py
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+import locale
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+from optparse import Values
+from types import ModuleType
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+import pip._vendor
+from pip._vendor.certifi import where
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+
+from pip import __file__ as pip_location
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.cmdoptions import make_target_python
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.configuration import Configuration
+from pip._internal.metadata import get_environment
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_pip_version
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def show_value(name: str, value: Any) -> None:
+    logger.info("%s: %s", name, value)
+
+
+def show_sys_implementation() -> None:
+    logger.info("sys.implementation:")
+    implementation_name = sys.implementation.name
+    with indent_log():
+        show_value("name", implementation_name)
+
+
+def create_vendor_txt_map() -> Dict[str, str]:
+    vendor_txt_path = os.path.join(
+        os.path.dirname(pip_location), "_vendor", "vendor.txt"
+    )
+
+    with open(vendor_txt_path) as f:
+        # Purge non version specifying lines.
+        # Also, remove any space prefix or suffixes (including comments).
+        lines = [
+            line.strip().split(" ", 1)[0] for line in f.readlines() if "==" in line
+        ]
+
+    # Transform into "module" -> version dict.
+    return dict(line.split("==", 1) for line in lines)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def get_module_from_module_name(module_name: str) -> ModuleType:
+    # Module name can be uppercase in vendor.txt for some reason...
+    module_name = module_name.lower()
+    # PATCH: setuptools is actually only pkg_resources.
+    if module_name == "setuptools":
+        module_name = "pkg_resources"
+
+    __import__(f"pip._vendor.{module_name}", globals(), locals(), level=0)
+    return getattr(pip._vendor, module_name)
+
+
+def get_vendor_version_from_module(module_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    module = get_module_from_module_name(module_name)
+    version = getattr(module, "__version__", None)
+
+    if not version:
+        # Try to find version in debundled module info.
+        env = get_environment([os.path.dirname(module.__file__)])
+        dist = env.get_distribution(module_name)
+        if dist:
+            version = str(dist.version)
+
+    return version
+
+
+def show_actual_vendor_versions(vendor_txt_versions: Dict[str, str]) -> None:
+    """Log the actual version and print extra info if there is
+    a conflict or if the actual version could not be imported.
+    """
+    for module_name, expected_version in vendor_txt_versions.items():
+        extra_message = ""
+        actual_version = get_vendor_version_from_module(module_name)
+        if not actual_version:
+            extra_message = (
+                " (Unable to locate actual module version, using"
+                " vendor.txt specified version)"
+            )
+            actual_version = expected_version
+        elif parse_version(actual_version) != parse_version(expected_version):
+            extra_message = (
+                " (CONFLICT: vendor.txt suggests version should"
+                " be {})".format(expected_version)
+            )
+        logger.info("%s==%s%s", module_name, actual_version, extra_message)
+
+
+def show_vendor_versions() -> None:
+    logger.info("vendored library versions:")
+
+    vendor_txt_versions = create_vendor_txt_map()
+    with indent_log():
+        show_actual_vendor_versions(vendor_txt_versions)
+
+
+def show_tags(options: Values) -> None:
+    tag_limit = 10
+
+    target_python = make_target_python(options)
+    tags = target_python.get_tags()
+
+    # Display the target options that were explicitly provided.
+    formatted_target = target_python.format_given()
+    suffix = ""
+    if formatted_target:
+        suffix = f" (target: {formatted_target})"
+
+    msg = "Compatible tags: {}{}".format(len(tags), suffix)
+    logger.info(msg)
+
+    if options.verbose < 1 and len(tags) > tag_limit:
+        tags_limited = True
+        tags = tags[:tag_limit]
+    else:
+        tags_limited = False
+
+    with indent_log():
+        for tag in tags:
+            logger.info(str(tag))
+
+        if tags_limited:
+            msg = (
+                "...\n[First {tag_limit} tags shown. Pass --verbose to show all.]"
+            ).format(tag_limit=tag_limit)
+            logger.info(msg)
+
+
+def ca_bundle_info(config: Configuration) -> str:
+    levels = set()
+    for key, _ in config.items():
+        levels.add(key.split(".")[0])
+
+    if not levels:
+        return "Not specified"
+
+    levels_that_override_global = ["install", "wheel", "download"]
+    global_overriding_level = [
+        level for level in levels if level in levels_that_override_global
+    ]
+    if not global_overriding_level:
+        return "global"
+
+    if "global" in levels:
+        levels.remove("global")
+    return ", ".join(levels)
+
+
+class DebugCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Display debug information.
+    """
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog <options>"""
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        cmdoptions.add_target_python_options(self.cmd_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+        self.parser.config.load()
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        logger.warning(
+            "This command is only meant for debugging. "
+            "Do not use this with automation for parsing and getting these "
+            "details, since the output and options of this command may "
+            "change without notice."
+        )
+        show_value("pip version", get_pip_version())
+        show_value("sys.version", sys.version)
+        show_value("sys.executable", sys.executable)
+        show_value("sys.getdefaultencoding", sys.getdefaultencoding())
+        show_value("sys.getfilesystemencoding", sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+        show_value(
+            "locale.getpreferredencoding",
+            locale.getpreferredencoding(),
+        )
+        show_value("sys.platform", sys.platform)
+        show_sys_implementation()
+
+        show_value("'cert' config value", ca_bundle_info(self.parser.config))
+        show_value("REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE", os.environ.get("REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE"))
+        show_value("CURL_CA_BUNDLE", os.environ.get("CURL_CA_BUNDLE"))
+        show_value("pip._vendor.certifi.where()", where())
+        show_value("pip._vendor.DEBUNDLED", pip._vendor.DEBUNDLED)
+
+        show_vendor_versions()
+
+        show_tags(options)
+
+        return SUCCESS
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/download.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/download.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..233b7e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/download.py
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+import logging
+import os
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.cmdoptions import make_target_python
+from pip._internal.cli.req_command import RequirementCommand, with_cleanup
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.req.req_tracker import get_requirement_tracker
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir, normalize_path, write_output
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class DownloadCommand(RequirementCommand):
+    """
+    Download packages from:
+
+    - PyPI (and other indexes) using requirement specifiers.
+    - VCS project urls.
+    - Local project directories.
+    - Local or remote source archives.
+
+    pip also supports downloading from "requirements files", which provide
+    an easy way to specify a whole environment to be downloaded.
+    """
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ...
+      %prog [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ...
+      %prog [options] <vcs project url> ...
+      %prog [options] <local project path> ...
+      %prog [options] <archive url/path> ..."""
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.global_options())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.prefer_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.pre())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.use_pep517())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_use_pep517())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python())
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-d",
+            "--dest",
+            "--destination-dir",
+            "--destination-directory",
+            dest="download_dir",
+            metavar="dir",
+            default=os.curdir,
+            help="Download packages into <dir>.",
+        )
+
+        cmdoptions.add_target_python_options(self.cmd_opts)
+
+        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.index_group,
+            self.parser,
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    @with_cleanup
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+
+        options.ignore_installed = True
+        # editable doesn't really make sense for `pip download`, but the bowels
+        # of the RequirementSet code require that property.
+        options.editables = []
+
+        cmdoptions.check_dist_restriction(options)
+
+        options.download_dir = normalize_path(options.download_dir)
+        ensure_dir(options.download_dir)
+
+        session = self.get_default_session(options)
+
+        target_python = make_target_python(options)
+        finder = self._build_package_finder(
+            options=options,
+            session=session,
+            target_python=target_python,
+            ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
+        )
+
+        req_tracker = self.enter_context(get_requirement_tracker())
+
+        directory = TempDirectory(
+            delete=not options.no_clean,
+            kind="download",
+            globally_managed=True,
+        )
+
+        reqs = self.get_requirements(args, options, finder, session)
+
+        preparer = self.make_requirement_preparer(
+            temp_build_dir=directory,
+            options=options,
+            req_tracker=req_tracker,
+            session=session,
+            finder=finder,
+            download_dir=options.download_dir,
+            use_user_site=False,
+            verbosity=self.verbosity,
+        )
+
+        resolver = self.make_resolver(
+            preparer=preparer,
+            finder=finder,
+            options=options,
+            ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
+            py_version_info=options.python_version,
+        )
+
+        self.trace_basic_info(finder)
+
+        requirement_set = resolver.resolve(reqs, check_supported_wheels=True)
+
+        downloaded: List[str] = []
+        for req in requirement_set.requirements.values():
+            if req.satisfied_by is None:
+                assert req.name is not None
+                preparer.save_linked_requirement(req)
+                downloaded.append(req.name)
+        if downloaded:
+            write_output("Successfully downloaded %s", " ".join(downloaded))
+
+        return SUCCESS
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/freeze.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/freeze.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fa6d39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/freeze.py
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import sys
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.operations.freeze import freeze
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import stdlib_pkgs
+
+DEV_PKGS = {"pip", "setuptools", "distribute", "wheel"}
+
+
+class FreezeCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Output installed packages in requirements format.
+
+    packages are listed in a case-insensitive sorted order.
+    """
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options]"""
+    log_streams = ("ext://sys.stderr", "ext://sys.stderr")
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-r",
+            "--requirement",
+            dest="requirements",
+            action="append",
+            default=[],
+            metavar="file",
+            help=(
+                "Use the order in the given requirements file and its "
+                "comments when generating output. This option can be "
+                "used multiple times."
+            ),
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-l",
+            "--local",
+            dest="local",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help=(
+                "If in a virtualenv that has global access, do not output "
+                "globally-installed packages."
+            ),
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--user",
+            dest="user",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="Only output packages installed in user-site.",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.list_path())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--all",
+            dest="freeze_all",
+            action="store_true",
+            help=(
+                "Do not skip these packages in the output:"
+                " {}".format(", ".join(DEV_PKGS))
+            ),
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--exclude-editable",
+            dest="exclude_editable",
+            action="store_true",
+            help="Exclude editable package from output.",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.list_exclude())
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        skip = set(stdlib_pkgs)
+        if not options.freeze_all:
+            skip.update(DEV_PKGS)
+
+        if options.excludes:
+            skip.update(options.excludes)
+
+        cmdoptions.check_list_path_option(options)
+
+        for line in freeze(
+            requirement=options.requirements,
+            local_only=options.local,
+            user_only=options.user,
+            paths=options.path,
+            isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+            skip=skip,
+            exclude_editable=options.exclude_editable,
+        ):
+            sys.stdout.write(line + "\n")
+        return SUCCESS
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/hash.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/hash.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..042dac8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/hash.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import hashlib
+import logging
+import sys
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import FAVORITE_HASH, STRONG_HASHES
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import read_chunks, write_output
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class HashCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Compute a hash of a local package archive.
+
+    These can be used with --hash in a requirements file to do repeatable
+    installs.
+    """
+
+    usage = "%prog [options] <file> ..."
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-a",
+            "--algorithm",
+            dest="algorithm",
+            choices=STRONG_HASHES,
+            action="store",
+            default=FAVORITE_HASH,
+            help="The hash algorithm to use: one of {}".format(
+                ", ".join(STRONG_HASHES)
+            ),
+        )
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        if not args:
+            self.parser.print_usage(sys.stderr)
+            return ERROR
+
+        algorithm = options.algorithm
+        for path in args:
+            write_output(
+                "%s:\n--hash=%s:%s", path, algorithm, _hash_of_file(path, algorithm)
+            )
+        return SUCCESS
+
+
+def _hash_of_file(path: str, algorithm: str) -> str:
+    """Return the hash digest of a file."""
+    with open(path, "rb") as archive:
+        hash = hashlib.new(algorithm)
+        for chunk in read_chunks(archive):
+            hash.update(chunk)
+    return hash.hexdigest()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/help.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/help.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6206631
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/help.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+
+
+class HelpCommand(Command):
+    """Show help for commands"""
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog <command>"""
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        from pip._internal.commands import (
+            commands_dict,
+            create_command,
+            get_similar_commands,
+        )
+
+        try:
+            # 'pip help' with no args is handled by pip.__init__.parseopt()
+            cmd_name = args[0]  # the command we need help for
+        except IndexError:
+            return SUCCESS
+
+        if cmd_name not in commands_dict:
+            guess = get_similar_commands(cmd_name)
+
+            msg = [f'unknown command "{cmd_name}"']
+            if guess:
+                msg.append(f'maybe you meant "{guess}"')
+
+            raise CommandError(" - ".join(msg))
+
+        command = create_command(cmd_name)
+        command.parser.print_help()
+
+        return SUCCESS
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/index.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/index.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d8aae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import logging
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import Any, Iterable, List, Optional, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import LegacyVersion, Version
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.req_command import IndexGroupCommand
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.commands.search import print_dist_installation_info
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError, DistributionNotFound, PipError
+from pip._internal.index.collector import LinkCollector
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.models.selection_prefs import SelectionPreferences
+from pip._internal.models.target_python import TargetPython
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import write_output
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class IndexCommand(IndexGroupCommand):
+    """
+    Inspect information available from package indexes.
+    """
+
+    usage = """
+        %prog versions <package>
+    """
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        cmdoptions.add_target_python_options(self.cmd_opts)
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.pre())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
+
+        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.index_group,
+            self.parser,
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        handlers = {
+            "versions": self.get_available_package_versions,
+        }
+
+        logger.warning(
+            "pip index is currently an experimental command. "
+            "It may be removed/changed in a future release "
+            "without prior warning."
+        )
+
+        # Determine action
+        if not args or args[0] not in handlers:
+            logger.error(
+                "Need an action (%s) to perform.",
+                ", ".join(sorted(handlers)),
+            )
+            return ERROR
+
+        action = args[0]
+
+        # Error handling happens here, not in the action-handlers.
+        try:
+            handlers[action](options, args[1:])
+        except PipError as e:
+            logger.error(e.args[0])
+            return ERROR
+
+        return SUCCESS
+
+    def _build_package_finder(
+        self,
+        options: Values,
+        session: PipSession,
+        target_python: Optional[TargetPython] = None,
+        ignore_requires_python: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> PackageFinder:
+        """
+        Create a package finder appropriate to the index command.
+        """
+        link_collector = LinkCollector.create(session, options=options)
+
+        # Pass allow_yanked=False to ignore yanked versions.
+        selection_prefs = SelectionPreferences(
+            allow_yanked=False,
+            allow_all_prereleases=options.pre,
+            ignore_requires_python=ignore_requires_python,
+        )
+
+        return PackageFinder.create(
+            link_collector=link_collector,
+            selection_prefs=selection_prefs,
+            target_python=target_python,
+            use_deprecated_html5lib="html5lib" in options.deprecated_features_enabled,
+        )
+
+    def get_available_package_versions(self, options: Values, args: List[Any]) -> None:
+        if len(args) != 1:
+            raise CommandError("You need to specify exactly one argument")
+
+        target_python = cmdoptions.make_target_python(options)
+        query = args[0]
+
+        with self._build_session(options) as session:
+            finder = self._build_package_finder(
+                options=options,
+                session=session,
+                target_python=target_python,
+                ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
+            )
+
+            versions: Iterable[Union[LegacyVersion, Version]] = (
+                candidate.version for candidate in finder.find_all_candidates(query)
+            )
+
+            if not options.pre:
+                # Remove prereleases
+                versions = (
+                    version for version in versions if not version.is_prerelease
+                )
+            versions = set(versions)
+
+            if not versions:
+                raise DistributionNotFound(
+                    "No matching distribution found for {}".format(query)
+                )
+
+            formatted_versions = [str(ver) for ver in sorted(versions, reverse=True)]
+            latest = formatted_versions[0]
+
+        write_output("{} ({})".format(query, latest))
+        write_output("Available versions: {}".format(", ".join(formatted_versions)))
+        print_dist_installation_info(query, latest)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34e4c2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,771 @@
+import errno
+import operator
+import os
+import shutil
+import site
+from optparse import SUPPRESS_HELP, Values
+from typing import Iterable, List, Optional
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.cmdoptions import make_target_python
+from pip._internal.cli.req_command import (
+    RequirementCommand,
+    warn_if_run_as_root,
+    with_cleanup,
+)
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError, InstallationError
+from pip._internal.locations import get_scheme
+from pip._internal.metadata import get_environment
+from pip._internal.models.format_control import FormatControl
+from pip._internal.operations.check import ConflictDetails, check_install_conflicts
+from pip._internal.req import install_given_reqs
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.req.req_tracker import get_requirement_tracker
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.distutils_args import parse_distutils_args
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import test_writable_dir
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    ensure_dir,
+    get_pip_version,
+    protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows,
+    write_output,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import (
+    running_under_virtualenv,
+    virtualenv_no_global,
+)
+from pip._internal.wheel_builder import (
+    BinaryAllowedPredicate,
+    build,
+    should_build_for_install_command,
+)
+
+logger = getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def get_check_binary_allowed(format_control: FormatControl) -> BinaryAllowedPredicate:
+    def check_binary_allowed(req: InstallRequirement) -> bool:
+        canonical_name = canonicalize_name(req.name or "")
+        allowed_formats = format_control.get_allowed_formats(canonical_name)
+        return "binary" in allowed_formats
+
+    return check_binary_allowed
+
+
+class InstallCommand(RequirementCommand):
+    """
+    Install packages from:
+
+    - PyPI (and other indexes) using requirement specifiers.
+    - VCS project urls.
+    - Local project directories.
+    - Local or remote source archives.
+
+    pip also supports installing from "requirements files", which provide
+    an easy way to specify a whole environment to be installed.
+    """
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ...
+      %prog [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ...
+      %prog [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ...
+      %prog [options] [-e] <local project path> ...
+      %prog [options] <archive url/path> ..."""
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.pre())
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.editable())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-t",
+            "--target",
+            dest="target_dir",
+            metavar="dir",
+            default=None,
+            help=(
+                "Install packages into <dir>. "
+                "By default this will not replace existing files/folders in "
+                "<dir>. Use --upgrade to replace existing packages in <dir> "
+                "with new versions."
+            ),
+        )
+        cmdoptions.add_target_python_options(self.cmd_opts)
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--user",
+            dest="use_user_site",
+            action="store_true",
+            help=(
+                "Install to the Python user install directory for your "
+                "platform. Typically ~/.local/, or %APPDATA%\\Python on "
+                "Windows. (See the Python documentation for site.USER_BASE "
+                "for full details.)"
+            ),
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--no-user",
+            dest="use_user_site",
+            action="store_false",
+            help=SUPPRESS_HELP,
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--root",
+            dest="root_path",
+            metavar="dir",
+            default=None,
+            help="Install everything relative to this alternate root directory.",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--prefix",
+            dest="prefix_path",
+            metavar="dir",
+            default=None,
+            help=(
+                "Installation prefix where lib, bin and other top-level "
+                "folders are placed"
+            ),
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src())
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-U",
+            "--upgrade",
+            dest="upgrade",
+            action="store_true",
+            help=(
+                "Upgrade all specified packages to the newest available "
+                "version. The handling of dependencies depends on the "
+                "upgrade-strategy used."
+            ),
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--upgrade-strategy",
+            dest="upgrade_strategy",
+            default="only-if-needed",
+            choices=["only-if-needed", "eager"],
+            help=(
+                "Determines how dependency upgrading should be handled "
+                "[default: %default]. "
+                '"eager" - dependencies are upgraded regardless of '
+                "whether the currently installed version satisfies the "
+                "requirements of the upgraded package(s). "
+                '"only-if-needed" -  are upgraded only when they do not '
+                "satisfy the requirements of the upgraded package(s)."
+            ),
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--force-reinstall",
+            dest="force_reinstall",
+            action="store_true",
+            help="Reinstall all packages even if they are already up-to-date.",
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-I",
+            "--ignore-installed",
+            dest="ignore_installed",
+            action="store_true",
+            help=(
+                "Ignore the installed packages, overwriting them. "
+                "This can break your system if the existing package "
+                "is of a different version or was installed "
+                "with a different package manager!"
+            ),
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.use_pep517())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_use_pep517())
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.install_options())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.global_options())
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--compile",
+            action="store_true",
+            dest="compile",
+            default=True,
+            help="Compile Python source files to bytecode",
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--no-compile",
+            action="store_false",
+            dest="compile",
+            help="Do not compile Python source files to bytecode",
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--no-warn-script-location",
+            action="store_false",
+            dest="warn_script_location",
+            default=True,
+            help="Do not warn when installing scripts outside PATH",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--no-warn-conflicts",
+            action="store_false",
+            dest="warn_about_conflicts",
+            default=True,
+            help="Do not warn about broken dependencies",
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.prefer_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar())
+
+        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.index_group,
+            self.parser,
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    @with_cleanup
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        if options.use_user_site and options.target_dir is not None:
+            raise CommandError("Can not combine '--user' and '--target'")
+
+        cmdoptions.check_install_build_global(options)
+        upgrade_strategy = "to-satisfy-only"
+        if options.upgrade:
+            upgrade_strategy = options.upgrade_strategy
+
+        cmdoptions.check_dist_restriction(options, check_target=True)
+
+        install_options = options.install_options or []
+
+        logger.verbose("Using %s", get_pip_version())
+        options.use_user_site = decide_user_install(
+            options.use_user_site,
+            prefix_path=options.prefix_path,
+            target_dir=options.target_dir,
+            root_path=options.root_path,
+            isolated_mode=options.isolated_mode,
+        )
+
+        target_temp_dir: Optional[TempDirectory] = None
+        target_temp_dir_path: Optional[str] = None
+        if options.target_dir:
+            options.ignore_installed = True
+            options.target_dir = os.path.abspath(options.target_dir)
+            if (
+                # fmt: off
+                os.path.exists(options.target_dir) and
+                not os.path.isdir(options.target_dir)
+                # fmt: on
+            ):
+                raise CommandError(
+                    "Target path exists but is not a directory, will not continue."
+                )
+
+            # Create a target directory for using with the target option
+            target_temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind="target")
+            target_temp_dir_path = target_temp_dir.path
+            self.enter_context(target_temp_dir)
+
+        global_options = options.global_options or []
+
+        session = self.get_default_session(options)
+
+        target_python = make_target_python(options)
+        finder = self._build_package_finder(
+            options=options,
+            session=session,
+            target_python=target_python,
+            ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
+        )
+        wheel_cache = WheelCache(options.cache_dir, options.format_control)
+
+        req_tracker = self.enter_context(get_requirement_tracker())
+
+        directory = TempDirectory(
+            delete=not options.no_clean,
+            kind="install",
+            globally_managed=True,
+        )
+
+        try:
+            reqs = self.get_requirements(args, options, finder, session)
+
+            # Only when installing is it permitted to use PEP 660.
+            # In other circumstances (pip wheel, pip download) we generate
+            # regular (i.e. non editable) metadata and wheels.
+            for req in reqs:
+                req.permit_editable_wheels = True
+
+            reject_location_related_install_options(reqs, options.install_options)
+
+            preparer = self.make_requirement_preparer(
+                temp_build_dir=directory,
+                options=options,
+                req_tracker=req_tracker,
+                session=session,
+                finder=finder,
+                use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
+                verbosity=self.verbosity,
+            )
+            resolver = self.make_resolver(
+                preparer=preparer,
+                finder=finder,
+                options=options,
+                wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+                use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
+                ignore_installed=options.ignore_installed,
+                ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
+                force_reinstall=options.force_reinstall,
+                upgrade_strategy=upgrade_strategy,
+                use_pep517=options.use_pep517,
+            )
+
+            self.trace_basic_info(finder)
+
+            requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
+                reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir
+            )
+
+            try:
+                pip_req = requirement_set.get_requirement("pip")
+            except KeyError:
+                modifying_pip = False
+            else:
+                # If we're not replacing an already installed pip,
+                # we're not modifying it.
+                modifying_pip = pip_req.satisfied_by is None
+            protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows(modifying_pip=modifying_pip)
+
+            check_binary_allowed = get_check_binary_allowed(finder.format_control)
+
+            reqs_to_build = [
+                r
+                for r in requirement_set.requirements.values()
+                if should_build_for_install_command(r, check_binary_allowed)
+            ]
+
+            _, build_failures = build(
+                reqs_to_build,
+                wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+                verify=True,
+                build_options=[],
+                global_options=[],
+            )
+
+            # If we're using PEP 517, we cannot do a legacy setup.py install
+            # so we fail here.
+            pep517_build_failure_names: List[str] = [
+                r.name for r in build_failures if r.use_pep517  # type: ignore
+            ]
+            if pep517_build_failure_names:
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "Could not build wheels for {}, which is required to "
+                    "install pyproject.toml-based projects".format(
+                        ", ".join(pep517_build_failure_names)
+                    )
+                )
+
+            # For now, we just warn about failures building legacy
+            # requirements, as we'll fall through to a setup.py install for
+            # those.
+            for r in build_failures:
+                if not r.use_pep517:
+                    r.legacy_install_reason = 8368
+
+            to_install = resolver.get_installation_order(requirement_set)
+
+            # Check for conflicts in the package set we're installing.
+            conflicts: Optional[ConflictDetails] = None
+            should_warn_about_conflicts = (
+                not options.ignore_dependencies and options.warn_about_conflicts
+            )
+            if should_warn_about_conflicts:
+                conflicts = self._determine_conflicts(to_install)
+
+            # Don't warn about script install locations if
+            # --target or --prefix has been specified
+            warn_script_location = options.warn_script_location
+            if options.target_dir or options.prefix_path:
+                warn_script_location = False
+
+            installed = install_given_reqs(
+                to_install,
+                install_options,
+                global_options,
+                root=options.root_path,
+                home=target_temp_dir_path,
+                prefix=options.prefix_path,
+                warn_script_location=warn_script_location,
+                use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
+                pycompile=options.compile,
+            )
+
+            lib_locations = get_lib_location_guesses(
+                user=options.use_user_site,
+                home=target_temp_dir_path,
+                root=options.root_path,
+                prefix=options.prefix_path,
+                isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+            )
+            env = get_environment(lib_locations)
+
+            installed.sort(key=operator.attrgetter("name"))
+            items = []
+            for result in installed:
+                item = result.name
+                try:
+                    installed_dist = env.get_distribution(item)
+                    if installed_dist is not None:
+                        item = f"{item}-{installed_dist.version}"
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                items.append(item)
+
+            if conflicts is not None:
+                self._warn_about_conflicts(
+                    conflicts,
+                    resolver_variant=self.determine_resolver_variant(options),
+                )
+
+            installed_desc = " ".join(items)
+            if installed_desc:
+                write_output(
+                    "Successfully installed %s",
+                    installed_desc,
+                )
+        except OSError as error:
+            show_traceback = self.verbosity >= 1
+
+            message = create_os_error_message(
+                error,
+                show_traceback,
+                options.use_user_site,
+            )
+            logger.error(message, exc_info=show_traceback)  # noqa
+
+            return ERROR
+
+        if options.target_dir:
+            assert target_temp_dir
+            self._handle_target_dir(
+                options.target_dir, target_temp_dir, options.upgrade
+            )
+
+        warn_if_run_as_root()
+        return SUCCESS
+
+    def _handle_target_dir(
+        self, target_dir: str, target_temp_dir: TempDirectory, upgrade: bool
+    ) -> None:
+        ensure_dir(target_dir)
+
+        # Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed
+        # packages to be moved to target directory
+        lib_dir_list = []
+
+        # Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed
+        # packages to be moved to target directory
+        scheme = get_scheme("", home=target_temp_dir.path)
+        purelib_dir = scheme.purelib
+        platlib_dir = scheme.platlib
+        data_dir = scheme.data
+
+        if os.path.exists(purelib_dir):
+            lib_dir_list.append(purelib_dir)
+        if os.path.exists(platlib_dir) and platlib_dir != purelib_dir:
+            lib_dir_list.append(platlib_dir)
+        if os.path.exists(data_dir):
+            lib_dir_list.append(data_dir)
+
+        for lib_dir in lib_dir_list:
+            for item in os.listdir(lib_dir):
+                if lib_dir == data_dir:
+                    ddir = os.path.join(data_dir, item)
+                    if any(s.startswith(ddir) for s in lib_dir_list[:-1]):
+                        continue
+                target_item_dir = os.path.join(target_dir, item)
+                if os.path.exists(target_item_dir):
+                    if not upgrade:
+                        logger.warning(
+                            "Target directory %s already exists. Specify "
+                            "--upgrade to force replacement.",
+                            target_item_dir,
+                        )
+                        continue
+                    if os.path.islink(target_item_dir):
+                        logger.warning(
+                            "Target directory %s already exists and is "
+                            "a link. pip will not automatically replace "
+                            "links, please remove if replacement is "
+                            "desired.",
+                            target_item_dir,
+                        )
+                        continue
+                    if os.path.isdir(target_item_dir):
+                        shutil.rmtree(target_item_dir)
+                    else:
+                        os.remove(target_item_dir)
+
+                shutil.move(os.path.join(lib_dir, item), target_item_dir)
+
+    def _determine_conflicts(
+        self, to_install: List[InstallRequirement]
+    ) -> Optional[ConflictDetails]:
+        try:
+            return check_install_conflicts(to_install)
+        except Exception:
+            logger.exception(
+                "Error while checking for conflicts. Please file an issue on "
+                "pip's issue tracker: https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/new"
+            )
+            return None
+
+    def _warn_about_conflicts(
+        self, conflict_details: ConflictDetails, resolver_variant: str
+    ) -> None:
+        package_set, (missing, conflicting) = conflict_details
+        if not missing and not conflicting:
+            return
+
+        parts: List[str] = []
+        if resolver_variant == "legacy":
+            parts.append(
+                "pip's legacy dependency resolver does not consider dependency "
+                "conflicts when selecting packages. This behaviour is the "
+                "source of the following dependency conflicts."
+            )
+        else:
+            assert resolver_variant == "2020-resolver"
+            parts.append(
+                "pip's dependency resolver does not currently take into account "
+                "all the packages that are installed. This behaviour is the "
+                "source of the following dependency conflicts."
+            )
+
+        # NOTE: There is some duplication here, with commands/check.py
+        for project_name in missing:
+            version = package_set[project_name][0]
+            for dependency in missing[project_name]:
+                message = (
+                    "{name} {version} requires {requirement}, "
+                    "which is not installed."
+                ).format(
+                    name=project_name,
+                    version=version,
+                    requirement=dependency[1],
+                )
+                parts.append(message)
+
+        for project_name in conflicting:
+            version = package_set[project_name][0]
+            for dep_name, dep_version, req in conflicting[project_name]:
+                message = (
+                    "{name} {version} requires {requirement}, but {you} have "
+                    "{dep_name} {dep_version} which is incompatible."
+                ).format(
+                    name=project_name,
+                    version=version,
+                    requirement=req,
+                    dep_name=dep_name,
+                    dep_version=dep_version,
+                    you=("you" if resolver_variant == "2020-resolver" else "you'll"),
+                )
+                parts.append(message)
+
+        logger.critical("\n".join(parts))
+
+
+def get_lib_location_guesses(
+    user: bool = False,
+    home: Optional[str] = None,
+    root: Optional[str] = None,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    prefix: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> List[str]:
+    scheme = get_scheme(
+        "",
+        user=user,
+        home=home,
+        root=root,
+        isolated=isolated,
+        prefix=prefix,
+    )
+    return [scheme.purelib, scheme.platlib]
+
+
+def site_packages_writable(root: Optional[str], isolated: bool) -> bool:
+    return all(
+        test_writable_dir(d)
+        for d in set(get_lib_location_guesses(root=root, isolated=isolated))
+    )
+
+
+def decide_user_install(
+    use_user_site: Optional[bool],
+    prefix_path: Optional[str] = None,
+    target_dir: Optional[str] = None,
+    root_path: Optional[str] = None,
+    isolated_mode: bool = False,
+) -> bool:
+    """Determine whether to do a user install based on the input options.
+
+    If use_user_site is False, no additional checks are done.
+    If use_user_site is True, it is checked for compatibility with other
+    options.
+    If use_user_site is None, the default behaviour depends on the environment,
+    which is provided by the other arguments.
+    """
+    # In some cases (config from tox), use_user_site can be set to an integer
+    # rather than a bool, which 'use_user_site is False' wouldn't catch.
+    if (use_user_site is not None) and (not use_user_site):
+        logger.debug("Non-user install by explicit request")
+        return False
+
+    if use_user_site:
+        if prefix_path:
+            raise CommandError(
+                "Can not combine '--user' and '--prefix' as they imply "
+                "different installation locations"
+            )
+        if virtualenv_no_global():
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Can not perform a '--user' install. User site-packages "
+                "are not visible in this virtualenv."
+            )
+        logger.debug("User install by explicit request")
+        return True
+
+    # If we are here, user installs have not been explicitly requested/avoided
+    assert use_user_site is None
+
+    # user install incompatible with --prefix/--target
+    if prefix_path or target_dir:
+        logger.debug("Non-user install due to --prefix or --target option")
+        return False
+
+    # If user installs are not enabled, choose a non-user install
+    if not site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+        logger.debug("Non-user install because user site-packages disabled")
+        return False
+
+    # If we have permission for a non-user install, do that,
+    # otherwise do a user install.
+    if site_packages_writable(root=root_path, isolated=isolated_mode):
+        logger.debug("Non-user install because site-packages writeable")
+        return False
+
+    logger.info(
+        "Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages "
+        "is not writeable"
+    )
+    return True
+
+
+def reject_location_related_install_options(
+    requirements: List[InstallRequirement], options: Optional[List[str]]
+) -> None:
+    """If any location-changing --install-option arguments were passed for
+    requirements or on the command-line, then show a deprecation warning.
+    """
+
+    def format_options(option_names: Iterable[str]) -> List[str]:
+        return ["--{}".format(name.replace("_", "-")) for name in option_names]
+
+    offenders = []
+
+    for requirement in requirements:
+        install_options = requirement.install_options
+        location_options = parse_distutils_args(install_options)
+        if location_options:
+            offenders.append(
+                "{!r} from {}".format(
+                    format_options(location_options.keys()), requirement
+                )
+            )
+
+    if options:
+        location_options = parse_distutils_args(options)
+        if location_options:
+            offenders.append(
+                "{!r} from command line".format(format_options(location_options.keys()))
+            )
+
+    if not offenders:
+        return
+
+    raise CommandError(
+        "Location-changing options found in --install-option: {}."
+        " This is unsupported, use pip-level options like --user,"
+        " --prefix, --root, and --target instead.".format("; ".join(offenders))
+    )
+
+
+def create_os_error_message(
+    error: OSError, show_traceback: bool, using_user_site: bool
+) -> str:
+    """Format an error message for an OSError
+
+    It may occur anytime during the execution of the install command.
+    """
+    parts = []
+
+    # Mention the error if we are not going to show a traceback
+    parts.append("Could not install packages due to an OSError")
+    if not show_traceback:
+        parts.append(": ")
+        parts.append(str(error))
+    else:
+        parts.append(".")
+
+    # Spilt the error indication from a helper message (if any)
+    parts[-1] += "\n"
+
+    # Suggest useful actions to the user:
+    #  (1) using user site-packages or (2) verifying the permissions
+    if error.errno == errno.EACCES:
+        user_option_part = "Consider using the `--user` option"
+        permissions_part = "Check the permissions"
+
+        if not running_under_virtualenv() and not using_user_site:
+            parts.extend(
+                [
+                    user_option_part,
+                    " or ",
+                    permissions_part.lower(),
+                ]
+            )
+        else:
+            parts.append(permissions_part)
+        parts.append(".\n")
+
+    # Suggest the user to enable Long Paths if path length is
+    # more than 260
+    if (
+        WINDOWS
+        and error.errno == errno.ENOENT
+        and error.filename
+        and len(error.filename) > 260
+    ):
+        parts.append(
+            "HINT: This error might have occurred since "
+            "this system does not have Windows Long Path "
+            "support enabled. You can find information on "
+            "how to enable this at "
+            "https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/enable-long-paths\n"
+        )
+
+    return "".join(parts).strip() + "\n"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/list.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/list.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57f05e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/list.py
@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+import json
+import logging
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Iterator, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, cast
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.req_command import IndexGroupCommand
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.index.collector import LinkCollector
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution, get_environment
+from pip._internal.models.selection_prefs import SelectionPreferences
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import stdlib_pkgs
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import tabulate, write_output
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._internal.metadata.base import DistributionVersion
+
+    class _DistWithLatestInfo(BaseDistribution):
+        """Give the distribution object a couple of extra fields.
+
+        These will be populated during ``get_outdated()``. This is dirty but
+        makes the rest of the code much cleaner.
+        """
+
+        latest_version: DistributionVersion
+        latest_filetype: str
+
+    _ProcessedDists = Sequence[_DistWithLatestInfo]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class ListCommand(IndexGroupCommand):
+    """
+    List installed packages, including editables.
+
+    Packages are listed in a case-insensitive sorted order.
+    """
+
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options]"""
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-o",
+            "--outdated",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="List outdated packages",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-u",
+            "--uptodate",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="List uptodate packages",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-e",
+            "--editable",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="List editable projects.",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-l",
+            "--local",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help=(
+                "If in a virtualenv that has global access, do not list "
+                "globally-installed packages."
+            ),
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--user",
+            dest="user",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="Only output packages installed in user-site.",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.list_path())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--pre",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help=(
+                "Include pre-release and development versions. By default, "
+                "pip only finds stable versions."
+            ),
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--format",
+            action="store",
+            dest="list_format",
+            default="columns",
+            choices=("columns", "freeze", "json"),
+            help="Select the output format among: columns (default), freeze, or json",
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--not-required",
+            action="store_true",
+            dest="not_required",
+            help="List packages that are not dependencies of installed packages.",
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--exclude-editable",
+            action="store_false",
+            dest="include_editable",
+            help="Exclude editable package from output.",
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--include-editable",
+            action="store_true",
+            dest="include_editable",
+            help="Include editable package from output.",
+            default=True,
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.list_exclude())
+        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(cmdoptions.index_group, self.parser)
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def _build_package_finder(
+        self, options: Values, session: PipSession
+    ) -> PackageFinder:
+        """
+        Create a package finder appropriate to this list command.
+        """
+        link_collector = LinkCollector.create(session, options=options)
+
+        # Pass allow_yanked=False to ignore yanked versions.
+        selection_prefs = SelectionPreferences(
+            allow_yanked=False,
+            allow_all_prereleases=options.pre,
+        )
+
+        return PackageFinder.create(
+            link_collector=link_collector,
+            selection_prefs=selection_prefs,
+            use_deprecated_html5lib="html5lib" in options.deprecated_features_enabled,
+        )
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        if options.outdated and options.uptodate:
+            raise CommandError("Options --outdated and --uptodate cannot be combined.")
+
+        cmdoptions.check_list_path_option(options)
+
+        skip = set(stdlib_pkgs)
+        if options.excludes:
+            skip.update(canonicalize_name(n) for n in options.excludes)
+
+        packages: "_ProcessedDists" = [
+            cast("_DistWithLatestInfo", d)
+            for d in get_environment(options.path).iter_installed_distributions(
+                local_only=options.local,
+                user_only=options.user,
+                editables_only=options.editable,
+                include_editables=options.include_editable,
+                skip=skip,
+            )
+        ]
+
+        # get_not_required must be called firstly in order to find and
+        # filter out all dependencies correctly. Otherwise a package
+        # can't be identified as requirement because some parent packages
+        # could be filtered out before.
+        if options.not_required:
+            packages = self.get_not_required(packages, options)
+
+        if options.outdated:
+            packages = self.get_outdated(packages, options)
+        elif options.uptodate:
+            packages = self.get_uptodate(packages, options)
+
+        self.output_package_listing(packages, options)
+        return SUCCESS
+
+    def get_outdated(
+        self, packages: "_ProcessedDists", options: Values
+    ) -> "_ProcessedDists":
+        return [
+            dist
+            for dist in self.iter_packages_latest_infos(packages, options)
+            if dist.latest_version > dist.version
+        ]
+
+    def get_uptodate(
+        self, packages: "_ProcessedDists", options: Values
+    ) -> "_ProcessedDists":
+        return [
+            dist
+            for dist in self.iter_packages_latest_infos(packages, options)
+            if dist.latest_version == dist.version
+        ]
+
+    def get_not_required(
+        self, packages: "_ProcessedDists", options: Values
+    ) -> "_ProcessedDists":
+        dep_keys = {
+            canonicalize_name(dep.name)
+            for dist in packages
+            for dep in (dist.iter_dependencies() or ())
+        }
+
+        # Create a set to remove duplicate packages, and cast it to a list
+        # to keep the return type consistent with get_outdated and
+        # get_uptodate
+        return list({pkg for pkg in packages if pkg.canonical_name not in dep_keys})
+
+    def iter_packages_latest_infos(
+        self, packages: "_ProcessedDists", options: Values
+    ) -> Iterator["_DistWithLatestInfo"]:
+        with self._build_session(options) as session:
+            finder = self._build_package_finder(options, session)
+
+            def latest_info(
+                dist: "_DistWithLatestInfo",
+            ) -> Optional["_DistWithLatestInfo"]:
+                all_candidates = finder.find_all_candidates(dist.canonical_name)
+                if not options.pre:
+                    # Remove prereleases
+                    all_candidates = [
+                        candidate
+                        for candidate in all_candidates
+                        if not candidate.version.is_prerelease
+                    ]
+
+                evaluator = finder.make_candidate_evaluator(
+                    project_name=dist.canonical_name,
+                )
+                best_candidate = evaluator.sort_best_candidate(all_candidates)
+                if best_candidate is None:
+                    return None
+
+                remote_version = best_candidate.version
+                if best_candidate.link.is_wheel:
+                    typ = "wheel"
+                else:
+                    typ = "sdist"
+                dist.latest_version = remote_version
+                dist.latest_filetype = typ
+                return dist
+
+            for dist in map(latest_info, packages):
+                if dist is not None:
+                    yield dist
+
+    def output_package_listing(
+        self, packages: "_ProcessedDists", options: Values
+    ) -> None:
+        packages = sorted(
+            packages,
+            key=lambda dist: dist.canonical_name,
+        )
+        if options.list_format == "columns" and packages:
+            data, header = format_for_columns(packages, options)
+            self.output_package_listing_columns(data, header)
+        elif options.list_format == "freeze":
+            for dist in packages:
+                if options.verbose >= 1:
+                    write_output(
+                        "%s==%s (%s)", dist.raw_name, dist.version, dist.location
+                    )
+                else:
+                    write_output("%s==%s", dist.raw_name, dist.version)
+        elif options.list_format == "json":
+            write_output(format_for_json(packages, options))
+
+    def output_package_listing_columns(
+        self, data: List[List[str]], header: List[str]
+    ) -> None:
+        # insert the header first: we need to know the size of column names
+        if len(data) > 0:
+            data.insert(0, header)
+
+        pkg_strings, sizes = tabulate(data)
+
+        # Create and add a separator.
+        if len(data) > 0:
+            pkg_strings.insert(1, " ".join(map(lambda x: "-" * x, sizes)))
+
+        for val in pkg_strings:
+            write_output(val)
+
+
+def format_for_columns(
+    pkgs: "_ProcessedDists", options: Values
+) -> Tuple[List[List[str]], List[str]]:
+    """
+    Convert the package data into something usable
+    by output_package_listing_columns.
+    """
+    header = ["Package", "Version"]
+
+    running_outdated = options.outdated
+    if running_outdated:
+        header.extend(["Latest", "Type"])
+
+    has_editables = any(x.editable for x in pkgs)
+    if has_editables:
+        header.append("Editable project location")
+
+    if options.verbose >= 1:
+        header.append("Location")
+    if options.verbose >= 1:
+        header.append("Installer")
+
+    data = []
+    for proj in pkgs:
+        # if we're working on the 'outdated' list, separate out the
+        # latest_version and type
+        row = [proj.raw_name, str(proj.version)]
+
+        if running_outdated:
+            row.append(str(proj.latest_version))
+            row.append(proj.latest_filetype)
+
+        if has_editables:
+            row.append(proj.editable_project_location or "")
+
+        if options.verbose >= 1:
+            row.append(proj.location or "")
+        if options.verbose >= 1:
+            row.append(proj.installer)
+
+        data.append(row)
+
+    return data, header
+
+
+def format_for_json(packages: "_ProcessedDists", options: Values) -> str:
+    data = []
+    for dist in packages:
+        info = {
+            "name": dist.raw_name,
+            "version": str(dist.version),
+        }
+        if options.verbose >= 1:
+            info["location"] = dist.location or ""
+            info["installer"] = dist.installer
+        if options.outdated:
+            info["latest_version"] = str(dist.latest_version)
+            info["latest_filetype"] = dist.latest_filetype
+        editable_project_location = dist.editable_project_location
+        if editable_project_location:
+            info["editable_project_location"] = editable_project_location
+        data.append(info)
+    return json.dumps(data)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/search.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/search.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03ed925
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/search.py
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+import logging
+import shutil
+import sys
+import textwrap
+import xmlrpc.client
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, Optional
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.req_command import SessionCommandMixin
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import NO_MATCHES_FOUND, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.metadata import get_default_environment
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI
+from pip._internal.network.xmlrpc import PipXmlrpcTransport
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import write_output
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import TypedDict
+
+    class TransformedHit(TypedDict):
+        name: str
+        summary: str
+        versions: List[str]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class SearchCommand(Command, SessionCommandMixin):
+    """Search for PyPI packages whose name or summary contains <query>."""
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <query>"""
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-i",
+            "--index",
+            dest="index",
+            metavar="URL",
+            default=PyPI.pypi_url,
+            help="Base URL of Python Package Index (default %default)",
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        if not args:
+            raise CommandError("Missing required argument (search query).")
+        query = args
+        pypi_hits = self.search(query, options)
+        hits = transform_hits(pypi_hits)
+
+        terminal_width = None
+        if sys.stdout.isatty():
+            terminal_width = shutil.get_terminal_size()[0]
+
+        print_results(hits, terminal_width=terminal_width)
+        if pypi_hits:
+            return SUCCESS
+        return NO_MATCHES_FOUND
+
+    def search(self, query: List[str], options: Values) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        index_url = options.index
+
+        session = self.get_default_session(options)
+
+        transport = PipXmlrpcTransport(index_url, session)
+        pypi = xmlrpc.client.ServerProxy(index_url, transport)
+        try:
+            hits = pypi.search({"name": query, "summary": query}, "or")
+        except xmlrpc.client.Fault as fault:
+            message = "XMLRPC request failed [code: {code}]\n{string}".format(
+                code=fault.faultCode,
+                string=fault.faultString,
+            )
+            raise CommandError(message)
+        assert isinstance(hits, list)
+        return hits
+
+
+def transform_hits(hits: List[Dict[str, str]]) -> List["TransformedHit"]:
+    """
+    The list from pypi is really a list of versions. We want a list of
+    packages with the list of versions stored inline. This converts the
+    list from pypi into one we can use.
+    """
+    packages: Dict[str, "TransformedHit"] = OrderedDict()
+    for hit in hits:
+        name = hit["name"]
+        summary = hit["summary"]
+        version = hit["version"]
+
+        if name not in packages.keys():
+            packages[name] = {
+                "name": name,
+                "summary": summary,
+                "versions": [version],
+            }
+        else:
+            packages[name]["versions"].append(version)
+
+            # if this is the highest version, replace summary and score
+            if version == highest_version(packages[name]["versions"]):
+                packages[name]["summary"] = summary
+
+    return list(packages.values())
+
+
+def print_dist_installation_info(name: str, latest: str) -> None:
+    env = get_default_environment()
+    dist = env.get_distribution(name)
+    if dist is not None:
+        with indent_log():
+            if dist.version == latest:
+                write_output("INSTALLED: %s (latest)", dist.version)
+            else:
+                write_output("INSTALLED: %s", dist.version)
+                if parse_version(latest).pre:
+                    write_output(
+                        "LATEST:    %s (pre-release; install"
+                        " with `pip install --pre`)",
+                        latest,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    write_output("LATEST:    %s", latest)
+
+
+def print_results(
+    hits: List["TransformedHit"],
+    name_column_width: Optional[int] = None,
+    terminal_width: Optional[int] = None,
+) -> None:
+    if not hits:
+        return
+    if name_column_width is None:
+        name_column_width = (
+            max(
+                [
+                    len(hit["name"]) + len(highest_version(hit.get("versions", ["-"])))
+                    for hit in hits
+                ]
+            )
+            + 4
+        )
+
+    for hit in hits:
+        name = hit["name"]
+        summary = hit["summary"] or ""
+        latest = highest_version(hit.get("versions", ["-"]))
+        if terminal_width is not None:
+            target_width = terminal_width - name_column_width - 5
+            if target_width > 10:
+                # wrap and indent summary to fit terminal
+                summary_lines = textwrap.wrap(summary, target_width)
+                summary = ("\n" + " " * (name_column_width + 3)).join(summary_lines)
+
+        name_latest = f"{name} ({latest})"
+        line = f"{name_latest:{name_column_width}} - {summary}"
+        try:
+            write_output(line)
+            print_dist_installation_info(name, latest)
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            pass
+
+
+def highest_version(versions: List[str]) -> str:
+    return max(versions, key=parse_version)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/show.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/show.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5540d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/show.py
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+import logging
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import Iterator, List, NamedTuple, Optional
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution, get_default_environment
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import write_output
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class ShowCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Show information about one or more installed packages.
+
+    The output is in RFC-compliant mail header format.
+    """
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <package> ..."""
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-f",
+            "--files",
+            dest="files",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="Show the full list of installed files for each package.",
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        if not args:
+            logger.warning("ERROR: Please provide a package name or names.")
+            return ERROR
+        query = args
+
+        results = search_packages_info(query)
+        if not print_results(
+            results, list_files=options.files, verbose=options.verbose
+        ):
+            return ERROR
+        return SUCCESS
+
+
+class _PackageInfo(NamedTuple):
+    name: str
+    version: str
+    location: str
+    requires: List[str]
+    required_by: List[str]
+    installer: str
+    metadata_version: str
+    classifiers: List[str]
+    summary: str
+    homepage: str
+    author: str
+    author_email: str
+    license: str
+    entry_points: List[str]
+    files: Optional[List[str]]
+
+
+def search_packages_info(query: List[str]) -> Iterator[_PackageInfo]:
+    """
+    Gather details from installed distributions. Print distribution name,
+    version, location, and installed files. Installed files requires a
+    pip generated 'installed-files.txt' in the distributions '.egg-info'
+    directory.
+    """
+    env = get_default_environment()
+
+    installed = {dist.canonical_name: dist for dist in env.iter_distributions()}
+    query_names = [canonicalize_name(name) for name in query]
+    missing = sorted(
+        [name for name, pkg in zip(query, query_names) if pkg not in installed]
+    )
+    if missing:
+        logger.warning("Package(s) not found: %s", ", ".join(missing))
+
+    def _get_requiring_packages(current_dist: BaseDistribution) -> Iterator[str]:
+        return (
+            dist.metadata["Name"] or "UNKNOWN"
+            for dist in installed.values()
+            if current_dist.canonical_name
+            in {canonicalize_name(d.name) for d in dist.iter_dependencies()}
+        )
+
+    for query_name in query_names:
+        try:
+            dist = installed[query_name]
+        except KeyError:
+            continue
+
+        requires = sorted((req.name for req in dist.iter_dependencies()), key=str.lower)
+        required_by = sorted(_get_requiring_packages(dist), key=str.lower)
+
+        try:
+            entry_points_text = dist.read_text("entry_points.txt")
+            entry_points = entry_points_text.splitlines(keepends=False)
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            entry_points = []
+
+        files_iter = dist.iter_declared_entries()
+        if files_iter is None:
+            files: Optional[List[str]] = None
+        else:
+            files = sorted(files_iter)
+
+        metadata = dist.metadata
+
+        yield _PackageInfo(
+            name=dist.raw_name,
+            version=str(dist.version),
+            location=dist.location or "",
+            requires=requires,
+            required_by=required_by,
+            installer=dist.installer,
+            metadata_version=dist.metadata_version or "",
+            classifiers=metadata.get_all("Classifier", []),
+            summary=metadata.get("Summary", ""),
+            homepage=metadata.get("Home-page", ""),
+            author=metadata.get("Author", ""),
+            author_email=metadata.get("Author-email", ""),
+            license=metadata.get("License", ""),
+            entry_points=entry_points,
+            files=files,
+        )
+
+
+def print_results(
+    distributions: Iterator[_PackageInfo],
+    list_files: bool,
+    verbose: bool,
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Print the information from installed distributions found.
+    """
+    results_printed = False
+    for i, dist in enumerate(distributions):
+        results_printed = True
+        if i > 0:
+            write_output("---")
+
+        write_output("Name: %s", dist.name)
+        write_output("Version: %s", dist.version)
+        write_output("Summary: %s", dist.summary)
+        write_output("Home-page: %s", dist.homepage)
+        write_output("Author: %s", dist.author)
+        write_output("Author-email: %s", dist.author_email)
+        write_output("License: %s", dist.license)
+        write_output("Location: %s", dist.location)
+        write_output("Requires: %s", ", ".join(dist.requires))
+        write_output("Required-by: %s", ", ".join(dist.required_by))
+
+        if verbose:
+            write_output("Metadata-Version: %s", dist.metadata_version)
+            write_output("Installer: %s", dist.installer)
+            write_output("Classifiers:")
+            for classifier in dist.classifiers:
+                write_output("  %s", classifier)
+            write_output("Entry-points:")
+            for entry in dist.entry_points:
+                write_output("  %s", entry.strip())
+        if list_files:
+            write_output("Files:")
+            if dist.files is None:
+                write_output("Cannot locate RECORD or installed-files.txt")
+            else:
+                for line in dist.files:
+                    write_output("  %s", line.strip())
+    return results_printed
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/uninstall.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/uninstall.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb9e8e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/uninstall.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+import logging
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.req_command import SessionCommandMixin, warn_if_run_as_root
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.req import parse_requirements
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import (
+    install_req_from_line,
+    install_req_from_parsed_requirement,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class UninstallCommand(Command, SessionCommandMixin):
+    """
+    Uninstall packages.
+
+    pip is able to uninstall most installed packages. Known exceptions are:
+
+    - Pure distutils packages installed with ``python setup.py install``, which
+      leave behind no metadata to determine what files were installed.
+    - Script wrappers installed by ``python setup.py develop``.
+    """
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <package> ...
+      %prog [options] -r <requirements file> ..."""
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-r",
+            "--requirement",
+            dest="requirements",
+            action="append",
+            default=[],
+            metavar="file",
+            help=(
+                "Uninstall all the packages listed in the given requirements "
+                "file.  This option can be used multiple times."
+            ),
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-y",
+            "--yes",
+            dest="yes",
+            action="store_true",
+            help="Don't ask for confirmation of uninstall deletions.",
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        session = self.get_default_session(options)
+
+        reqs_to_uninstall = {}
+        for name in args:
+            req = install_req_from_line(
+                name,
+                isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+            )
+            if req.name:
+                reqs_to_uninstall[canonicalize_name(req.name)] = req
+            else:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Invalid requirement: %r ignored -"
+                    " the uninstall command expects named"
+                    " requirements.",
+                    name,
+                )
+        for filename in options.requirements:
+            for parsed_req in parse_requirements(
+                filename, options=options, session=session
+            ):
+                req = install_req_from_parsed_requirement(
+                    parsed_req, isolated=options.isolated_mode
+                )
+                if req.name:
+                    reqs_to_uninstall[canonicalize_name(req.name)] = req
+        if not reqs_to_uninstall:
+            raise InstallationError(
+                f"You must give at least one requirement to {self.name} (see "
+                f'"pip help {self.name}")'
+            )
+
+        protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows(
+            modifying_pip="pip" in reqs_to_uninstall
+        )
+
+        for req in reqs_to_uninstall.values():
+            uninstall_pathset = req.uninstall(
+                auto_confirm=options.yes,
+                verbose=self.verbosity > 0,
+            )
+            if uninstall_pathset:
+                uninstall_pathset.commit()
+
+        warn_if_run_as_root()
+        return SUCCESS
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/wheel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5b20dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.req_command import RequirementCommand, with_cleanup
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.req.req_tracker import get_requirement_tracker
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir, normalize_path
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.wheel_builder import build, should_build_for_wheel_command
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class WheelCommand(RequirementCommand):
+    """
+    Build Wheel archives for your requirements and dependencies.
+
+    Wheel is a built-package format, and offers the advantage of not
+    recompiling your software during every install. For more details, see the
+    wheel docs: https://wheel.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+
+    Requirements: setuptools>=0.8, and wheel.
+
+    'pip wheel' uses the bdist_wheel setuptools extension from the wheel
+    package to build individual wheels.
+
+    """
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <requirement specifier> ...
+      %prog [options] -r <requirements file> ...
+      %prog [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ...
+      %prog [options] [-e] <local project path> ...
+      %prog [options] <archive url/path> ..."""
+
+    def add_options(self) -> None:
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "-w",
+            "--wheel-dir",
+            dest="wheel_dir",
+            metavar="dir",
+            default=os.curdir,
+            help=(
+                "Build wheels into <dir>, where the default is the "
+                "current working directory."
+            ),
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.prefer_binary())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.use_pep517())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_use_pep517())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.editable())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar())
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--no-verify",
+            dest="no_verify",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="Don't verify if built wheel is valid.",
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.build_options())
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.global_options())
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--pre",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help=(
+                "Include pre-release and development versions. By default, "
+                "pip only finds stable versions."
+            ),
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())
+
+        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.index_group,
+            self.parser,
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    @with_cleanup
+    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
+        cmdoptions.check_install_build_global(options)
+
+        session = self.get_default_session(options)
+
+        finder = self._build_package_finder(options, session)
+        wheel_cache = WheelCache(options.cache_dir, options.format_control)
+
+        options.wheel_dir = normalize_path(options.wheel_dir)
+        ensure_dir(options.wheel_dir)
+
+        req_tracker = self.enter_context(get_requirement_tracker())
+
+        directory = TempDirectory(
+            delete=not options.no_clean,
+            kind="wheel",
+            globally_managed=True,
+        )
+
+        reqs = self.get_requirements(args, options, finder, session)
+
+        preparer = self.make_requirement_preparer(
+            temp_build_dir=directory,
+            options=options,
+            req_tracker=req_tracker,
+            session=session,
+            finder=finder,
+            download_dir=options.wheel_dir,
+            use_user_site=False,
+            verbosity=self.verbosity,
+        )
+
+        resolver = self.make_resolver(
+            preparer=preparer,
+            finder=finder,
+            options=options,
+            wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+            ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
+            use_pep517=options.use_pep517,
+        )
+
+        self.trace_basic_info(finder)
+
+        requirement_set = resolver.resolve(reqs, check_supported_wheels=True)
+
+        reqs_to_build: List[InstallRequirement] = []
+        for req in requirement_set.requirements.values():
+            if req.is_wheel:
+                preparer.save_linked_requirement(req)
+            elif should_build_for_wheel_command(req):
+                reqs_to_build.append(req)
+
+        # build wheels
+        build_successes, build_failures = build(
+            reqs_to_build,
+            wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+            verify=(not options.no_verify),
+            build_options=options.build_options or [],
+            global_options=options.global_options or [],
+        )
+        for req in build_successes:
+            assert req.link and req.link.is_wheel
+            assert req.local_file_path
+            # copy from cache to target directory
+            try:
+                shutil.copy(req.local_file_path, options.wheel_dir)
+            except OSError as e:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Building wheel for %s failed: %s",
+                    req.name,
+                    e,
+                )
+                build_failures.append(req)
+        if len(build_failures) != 0:
+            raise CommandError("Failed to build one or more wheels")
+
+        return SUCCESS
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/configuration.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/configuration.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8092d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/configuration.py
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+"""Configuration management setup
+
+Some terminology:
+- name
+  As written in config files.
+- value
+  Value associated with a name
+- key
+  Name combined with it's section (section.name)
+- variant
+  A single word describing where the configuration key-value pair came from
+"""
+
+import configparser
+import locale
+import os
+import sys
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, NewType, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    ConfigurationError,
+    ConfigurationFileCouldNotBeLoaded,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils import appdirs
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir, enum
+
+RawConfigParser = configparser.RawConfigParser  # Shorthand
+Kind = NewType("Kind", str)
+
+CONFIG_BASENAME = "pip.ini" if WINDOWS else "pip.conf"
+ENV_NAMES_IGNORED = "version", "help"
+
+# The kinds of configurations there are.
+kinds = enum(
+    USER="user",  # User Specific
+    GLOBAL="global",  # System Wide
+    SITE="site",  # [Virtual] Environment Specific
+    ENV="env",  # from PIP_CONFIG_FILE
+    ENV_VAR="env-var",  # from Environment Variables
+)
+OVERRIDE_ORDER = kinds.GLOBAL, kinds.USER, kinds.SITE, kinds.ENV, kinds.ENV_VAR
+VALID_LOAD_ONLY = kinds.USER, kinds.GLOBAL, kinds.SITE
+
+logger = getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# NOTE: Maybe use the optionx attribute to normalize keynames.
+def _normalize_name(name: str) -> str:
+    """Make a name consistent regardless of source (environment or file)"""
+    name = name.lower().replace("_", "-")
+    if name.startswith("--"):
+        name = name[2:]  # only prefer long opts
+    return name
+
+
+def _disassemble_key(name: str) -> List[str]:
+    if "." not in name:
+        error_message = (
+            "Key does not contain dot separated section and key. "
+            "Perhaps you wanted to use 'global.{}' instead?"
+        ).format(name)
+        raise ConfigurationError(error_message)
+    return name.split(".", 1)
+
+
+def get_configuration_files() -> Dict[Kind, List[str]]:
+    global_config_files = [
+        os.path.join(path, CONFIG_BASENAME) for path in appdirs.site_config_dirs("pip")
+    ]
+
+    site_config_file = os.path.join(sys.prefix, CONFIG_BASENAME)
+    legacy_config_file = os.path.join(
+        os.path.expanduser("~"),
+        "pip" if WINDOWS else ".pip",
+        CONFIG_BASENAME,
+    )
+    new_config_file = os.path.join(appdirs.user_config_dir("pip"), CONFIG_BASENAME)
+    return {
+        kinds.GLOBAL: global_config_files,
+        kinds.SITE: [site_config_file],
+        kinds.USER: [legacy_config_file, new_config_file],
+    }
+
+
+class Configuration:
+    """Handles management of configuration.
+
+    Provides an interface to accessing and managing configuration files.
+
+    This class converts provides an API that takes "section.key-name" style
+    keys and stores the value associated with it as "key-name" under the
+    section "section".
+
+    This allows for a clean interface wherein the both the section and the
+    key-name are preserved in an easy to manage form in the configuration files
+    and the data stored is also nice.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, isolated: bool, load_only: Optional[Kind] = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+
+        if load_only is not None and load_only not in VALID_LOAD_ONLY:
+            raise ConfigurationError(
+                "Got invalid value for load_only - should be one of {}".format(
+                    ", ".join(map(repr, VALID_LOAD_ONLY))
+                )
+            )
+        self.isolated = isolated
+        self.load_only = load_only
+
+        # Because we keep track of where we got the data from
+        self._parsers: Dict[Kind, List[Tuple[str, RawConfigParser]]] = {
+            variant: [] for variant in OVERRIDE_ORDER
+        }
+        self._config: Dict[Kind, Dict[str, Any]] = {
+            variant: {} for variant in OVERRIDE_ORDER
+        }
+        self._modified_parsers: List[Tuple[str, RawConfigParser]] = []
+
+    def load(self) -> None:
+        """Loads configuration from configuration files and environment"""
+        self._load_config_files()
+        if not self.isolated:
+            self._load_environment_vars()
+
+    def get_file_to_edit(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Returns the file with highest priority in configuration"""
+        assert self.load_only is not None, "Need to be specified a file to be editing"
+
+        try:
+            return self._get_parser_to_modify()[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            return None
+
+    def items(self) -> Iterable[Tuple[str, Any]]:
+        """Returns key-value pairs like dict.items() representing the loaded
+        configuration
+        """
+        return self._dictionary.items()
+
+    def get_value(self, key: str) -> Any:
+        """Get a value from the configuration."""
+        try:
+            return self._dictionary[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ConfigurationError(f"No such key - {key}")
+
+    def set_value(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        """Modify a value in the configuration."""
+        self._ensure_have_load_only()
+
+        assert self.load_only
+        fname, parser = self._get_parser_to_modify()
+
+        if parser is not None:
+            section, name = _disassemble_key(key)
+
+            # Modify the parser and the configuration
+            if not parser.has_section(section):
+                parser.add_section(section)
+            parser.set(section, name, value)
+
+        self._config[self.load_only][key] = value
+        self._mark_as_modified(fname, parser)
+
+    def unset_value(self, key: str) -> None:
+        """Unset a value in the configuration."""
+        self._ensure_have_load_only()
+
+        assert self.load_only
+        if key not in self._config[self.load_only]:
+            raise ConfigurationError(f"No such key - {key}")
+
+        fname, parser = self._get_parser_to_modify()
+
+        if parser is not None:
+            section, name = _disassemble_key(key)
+            if not (
+                parser.has_section(section) and parser.remove_option(section, name)
+            ):
+                # The option was not removed.
+                raise ConfigurationError(
+                    "Fatal Internal error [id=1]. Please report as a bug."
+                )
+
+            # The section may be empty after the option was removed.
+            if not parser.items(section):
+                parser.remove_section(section)
+            self._mark_as_modified(fname, parser)
+
+        del self._config[self.load_only][key]
+
+    def save(self) -> None:
+        """Save the current in-memory state."""
+        self._ensure_have_load_only()
+
+        for fname, parser in self._modified_parsers:
+            logger.info("Writing to %s", fname)
+
+            # Ensure directory exists.
+            ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(fname))
+
+            with open(fname, "w") as f:
+                parser.write(f)
+
+    #
+    # Private routines
+    #
+
+    def _ensure_have_load_only(self) -> None:
+        if self.load_only is None:
+            raise ConfigurationError("Needed a specific file to be modifying.")
+        logger.debug("Will be working with %s variant only", self.load_only)
+
+    @property
+    def _dictionary(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """A dictionary representing the loaded configuration."""
+        # NOTE: Dictionaries are not populated if not loaded. So, conditionals
+        #       are not needed here.
+        retval = {}
+
+        for variant in OVERRIDE_ORDER:
+            retval.update(self._config[variant])
+
+        return retval
+
+    def _load_config_files(self) -> None:
+        """Loads configuration from configuration files"""
+        config_files = dict(self.iter_config_files())
+        if config_files[kinds.ENV][0:1] == [os.devnull]:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Skipping loading configuration files due to "
+                "environment's PIP_CONFIG_FILE being os.devnull"
+            )
+            return
+
+        for variant, files in config_files.items():
+            for fname in files:
+                # If there's specific variant set in `load_only`, load only
+                # that variant, not the others.
+                if self.load_only is not None and variant != self.load_only:
+                    logger.debug("Skipping file '%s' (variant: %s)", fname, variant)
+                    continue
+
+                parser = self._load_file(variant, fname)
+
+                # Keeping track of the parsers used
+                self._parsers[variant].append((fname, parser))
+
+    def _load_file(self, variant: Kind, fname: str) -> RawConfigParser:
+        logger.verbose("For variant '%s', will try loading '%s'", variant, fname)
+        parser = self._construct_parser(fname)
+
+        for section in parser.sections():
+            items = parser.items(section)
+            self._config[variant].update(self._normalized_keys(section, items))
+
+        return parser
+
+    def _construct_parser(self, fname: str) -> RawConfigParser:
+        parser = configparser.RawConfigParser()
+        # If there is no such file, don't bother reading it but create the
+        # parser anyway, to hold the data.
+        # Doing this is useful when modifying and saving files, where we don't
+        # need to construct a parser.
+        if os.path.exists(fname):
+            locale_encoding = locale.getpreferredencoding(False)
+            try:
+                parser.read(fname, encoding=locale_encoding)
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/4963
+                raise ConfigurationFileCouldNotBeLoaded(
+                    reason=f"contains invalid {locale_encoding} characters",
+                    fname=fname,
+                )
+            except configparser.Error as error:
+                # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/4893
+                raise ConfigurationFileCouldNotBeLoaded(error=error)
+        return parser
+
+    def _load_environment_vars(self) -> None:
+        """Loads configuration from environment variables"""
+        self._config[kinds.ENV_VAR].update(
+            self._normalized_keys(":env:", self.get_environ_vars())
+        )
+
+    def _normalized_keys(
+        self, section: str, items: Iterable[Tuple[str, Any]]
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Normalizes items to construct a dictionary with normalized keys.
+
+        This routine is where the names become keys and are made the same
+        regardless of source - configuration files or environment.
+        """
+        normalized = {}
+        for name, val in items:
+            key = section + "." + _normalize_name(name)
+            normalized[key] = val
+        return normalized
+
+    def get_environ_vars(self) -> Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]:
+        """Returns a generator with all environmental vars with prefix PIP_"""
+        for key, val in os.environ.items():
+            if key.startswith("PIP_"):
+                name = key[4:].lower()
+                if name not in ENV_NAMES_IGNORED:
+                    yield name, val
+
+    # XXX: This is patched in the tests.
+    def iter_config_files(self) -> Iterable[Tuple[Kind, List[str]]]:
+        """Yields variant and configuration files associated with it.
+
+        This should be treated like items of a dictionary.
+        """
+        # SMELL: Move the conditions out of this function
+
+        # environment variables have the lowest priority
+        config_file = os.environ.get("PIP_CONFIG_FILE", None)
+        if config_file is not None:
+            yield kinds.ENV, [config_file]
+        else:
+            yield kinds.ENV, []
+
+        config_files = get_configuration_files()
+
+        # at the base we have any global configuration
+        yield kinds.GLOBAL, config_files[kinds.GLOBAL]
+
+        # per-user configuration next
+        should_load_user_config = not self.isolated and not (
+            config_file and os.path.exists(config_file)
+        )
+        if should_load_user_config:
+            # The legacy config file is overridden by the new config file
+            yield kinds.USER, config_files[kinds.USER]
+
+        # finally virtualenv configuration first trumping others
+        yield kinds.SITE, config_files[kinds.SITE]
+
+    def get_values_in_config(self, variant: Kind) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get values present in a config file"""
+        return self._config[variant]
+
+    def _get_parser_to_modify(self) -> Tuple[str, RawConfigParser]:
+        # Determine which parser to modify
+        assert self.load_only
+        parsers = self._parsers[self.load_only]
+        if not parsers:
+            # This should not happen if everything works correctly.
+            raise ConfigurationError(
+                "Fatal Internal error [id=2]. Please report as a bug."
+            )
+
+        # Use the highest priority parser.
+        return parsers[-1]
+
+    # XXX: This is patched in the tests.
+    def _mark_as_modified(self, fname: str, parser: RawConfigParser) -> None:
+        file_parser_tuple = (fname, parser)
+        if file_parser_tuple not in self._modified_parsers:
+            self._modified_parsers.append(file_parser_tuple)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self._dictionary!r})"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a89a83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from pip._internal.distributions.base import AbstractDistribution
+from pip._internal.distributions.sdist import SourceDistribution
+from pip._internal.distributions.wheel import WheelDistribution
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+
+
+def make_distribution_for_install_requirement(
+    install_req: InstallRequirement,
+) -> AbstractDistribution:
+    """Returns a Distribution for the given InstallRequirement"""
+    # Editable requirements will always be source distributions. They use the
+    # legacy logic until we create a modern standard for them.
+    if install_req.editable:
+        return SourceDistribution(install_req)
+
+    # If it's a wheel, it's a WheelDistribution
+    if install_req.is_wheel:
+        return WheelDistribution(install_req)
+
+    # Otherwise, a SourceDistribution
+    return SourceDistribution(install_req)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..149fff5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import abc
+
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.metadata.base import BaseDistribution
+from pip._internal.req import InstallRequirement
+
+
+class AbstractDistribution(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
+    """A base class for handling installable artifacts.
+
+    The requirements for anything installable are as follows:
+
+     - we must be able to determine the requirement name
+       (or we can't correctly handle the non-upgrade case).
+
+     - for packages with setup requirements, we must also be able
+       to determine their requirements without installing additional
+       packages (for the same reason as run-time dependencies)
+
+     - we must be able to create a Distribution object exposing the
+       above metadata.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.req = req
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def get_metadata_distribution(self) -> BaseDistribution:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def prepare_distribution_metadata(
+        self, finder: PackageFinder, build_isolation: bool
+    ) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/installed.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/installed.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be5962f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/installed.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from pip._internal.distributions.base import AbstractDistribution
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution
+
+
+class InstalledDistribution(AbstractDistribution):
+    """Represents an installed package.
+
+    This does not need any preparation as the required information has already
+    been computed.
+    """
+
+    def get_metadata_distribution(self) -> BaseDistribution:
+        assert self.req.satisfied_by is not None, "not actually installed"
+        return self.req.satisfied_by
+
+    def prepare_distribution_metadata(
+        self, finder: PackageFinder, build_isolation: bool
+    ) -> None:
+        pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/sdist.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/sdist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bdaf403
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/sdist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import logging
+from typing import Iterable, Set, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.build_env import BuildEnvironment
+from pip._internal.distributions.base import AbstractDistribution
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import runner_with_spinner_message
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class SourceDistribution(AbstractDistribution):
+    """Represents a source distribution.
+
+    The preparation step for these needs metadata for the packages to be
+    generated, either using PEP 517 or using the legacy `setup.py egg_info`.
+    """
+
+    def get_metadata_distribution(self) -> BaseDistribution:
+        return self.req.get_dist()
+
+    def prepare_distribution_metadata(
+        self, finder: PackageFinder, build_isolation: bool
+    ) -> None:
+        # Load pyproject.toml, to determine whether PEP 517 is to be used
+        self.req.load_pyproject_toml()
+
+        # Set up the build isolation, if this requirement should be isolated
+        should_isolate = self.req.use_pep517 and build_isolation
+        if should_isolate:
+            # Setup an isolated environment and install the build backend static
+            # requirements in it.
+            self._prepare_build_backend(finder)
+            # Check that if the requirement is editable, it either supports PEP 660 or
+            # has a setup.py or a setup.cfg. This cannot be done earlier because we need
+            # to setup the build backend to verify it supports build_editable, nor can
+            # it be done later, because we want to avoid installing build requirements
+            # needlessly. Doing it here also works around setuptools generating
+            # UNKNOWN.egg-info when running get_requires_for_build_wheel on a directory
+            # without setup.py nor setup.cfg.
+            self.req.isolated_editable_sanity_check()
+            # Install the dynamic build requirements.
+            self._install_build_reqs(finder)
+
+        self.req.prepare_metadata()
+
+    def _prepare_build_backend(self, finder: PackageFinder) -> None:
+        # Isolate in a BuildEnvironment and install the build-time
+        # requirements.
+        pyproject_requires = self.req.pyproject_requires
+        assert pyproject_requires is not None
+
+        self.req.build_env = BuildEnvironment()
+        self.req.build_env.install_requirements(
+            finder, pyproject_requires, "overlay", kind="build dependencies"
+        )
+        conflicting, missing = self.req.build_env.check_requirements(
+            self.req.requirements_to_check
+        )
+        if conflicting:
+            self._raise_conflicts("PEP 517/518 supported requirements", conflicting)
+        if missing:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Missing build requirements in pyproject.toml for %s.",
+                self.req,
+            )
+            logger.warning(
+                "The project does not specify a build backend, and "
+                "pip cannot fall back to setuptools without %s.",
+                " and ".join(map(repr, sorted(missing))),
+            )
+
+    def _get_build_requires_wheel(self) -> Iterable[str]:
+        with self.req.build_env:
+            runner = runner_with_spinner_message("Getting requirements to build wheel")
+            backend = self.req.pep517_backend
+            assert backend is not None
+            with backend.subprocess_runner(runner):
+                return backend.get_requires_for_build_wheel()
+
+    def _get_build_requires_editable(self) -> Iterable[str]:
+        with self.req.build_env:
+            runner = runner_with_spinner_message(
+                "Getting requirements to build editable"
+            )
+            backend = self.req.pep517_backend
+            assert backend is not None
+            with backend.subprocess_runner(runner):
+                return backend.get_requires_for_build_editable()
+
+    def _install_build_reqs(self, finder: PackageFinder) -> None:
+        # Install any extra build dependencies that the backend requests.
+        # This must be done in a second pass, as the pyproject.toml
+        # dependencies must be installed before we can call the backend.
+        if (
+            self.req.editable
+            and self.req.permit_editable_wheels
+            and self.req.supports_pyproject_editable()
+        ):
+            build_reqs = self._get_build_requires_editable()
+        else:
+            build_reqs = self._get_build_requires_wheel()
+        conflicting, missing = self.req.build_env.check_requirements(build_reqs)
+        if conflicting:
+            self._raise_conflicts("the backend dependencies", conflicting)
+        self.req.build_env.install_requirements(
+            finder, missing, "normal", kind="backend dependencies"
+        )
+
+    def _raise_conflicts(
+        self, conflicting_with: str, conflicting_reqs: Set[Tuple[str, str]]
+    ) -> None:
+        format_string = (
+            "Some build dependencies for {requirement} "
+            "conflict with {conflicting_with}: {description}."
+        )
+        error_message = format_string.format(
+            requirement=self.req,
+            conflicting_with=conflicting_with,
+            description=", ".join(
+                f"{installed} is incompatible with {wanted}"
+                for installed, wanted in sorted(conflicting_reqs)
+            ),
+        )
+        raise InstallationError(error_message)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/wheel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..340b0f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.distributions.base import AbstractDistribution
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.metadata import (
+    BaseDistribution,
+    FilesystemWheel,
+    get_wheel_distribution,
+)
+
+
+class WheelDistribution(AbstractDistribution):
+    """Represents a wheel distribution.
+
+    This does not need any preparation as wheels can be directly unpacked.
+    """
+
+    def get_metadata_distribution(self) -> BaseDistribution:
+        """Loads the metadata from the wheel file into memory and returns a
+        Distribution that uses it, not relying on the wheel file or
+        requirement.
+        """
+        assert self.req.local_file_path, "Set as part of preparation during download"
+        assert self.req.name, "Wheels are never unnamed"
+        wheel = FilesystemWheel(self.req.local_file_path)
+        return get_wheel_distribution(wheel, canonicalize_name(self.req.name))
+
+    def prepare_distribution_metadata(
+        self, finder: PackageFinder, build_isolation: bool
+    ) -> None:
+        pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97b9612
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,658 @@
+"""Exceptions used throughout package.
+
+This module MUST NOT try to import from anything within `pip._internal` to
+operate. This is expected to be importable from any/all files within the
+subpackage and, thus, should not depend on them.
+"""
+
+import configparser
+import re
+from itertools import chain, groupby, repeat
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.requests.models import Request, Response
+from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult
+from pip._vendor.rich.markup import escape
+from pip._vendor.rich.text import Text
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from hashlib import _Hash
+    from typing import Literal
+
+    from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution
+    from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+
+
+#
+# Scaffolding
+#
+def _is_kebab_case(s: str) -> bool:
+    return re.match(r"^[a-z]+(-[a-z]+)*$", s) is not None
+
+
+def _prefix_with_indent(
+    s: Union[Text, str],
+    console: Console,
+    *,
+    prefix: str,
+    indent: str,
+) -> Text:
+    if isinstance(s, Text):
+        text = s
+    else:
+        text = console.render_str(s)
+
+    return console.render_str(prefix, overflow="ignore") + console.render_str(
+        f"\n{indent}", overflow="ignore"
+    ).join(text.split(allow_blank=True))
+
+
+class PipError(Exception):
+    """The base pip error."""
+
+
+class DiagnosticPipError(PipError):
+    """An error, that presents diagnostic information to the user.
+
+    This contains a bunch of logic, to enable pretty presentation of our error
+    messages. Each error gets a unique reference. Each error can also include
+    additional context, a hint and/or a note -- which are presented with the
+    main error message in a consistent style.
+
+    This is adapted from the error output styling in `sphinx-theme-builder`.
+    """
+
+    reference: str
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        kind: 'Literal["error", "warning"]' = "error",
+        reference: Optional[str] = None,
+        message: Union[str, Text],
+        context: Optional[Union[str, Text]],
+        hint_stmt: Optional[Union[str, Text]],
+        note_stmt: Optional[Union[str, Text]] = None,
+        link: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        # Ensure a proper reference is provided.
+        if reference is None:
+            assert hasattr(self, "reference"), "error reference not provided!"
+            reference = self.reference
+        assert _is_kebab_case(reference), "error reference must be kebab-case!"
+
+        self.kind = kind
+        self.reference = reference
+
+        self.message = message
+        self.context = context
+
+        self.note_stmt = note_stmt
+        self.hint_stmt = hint_stmt
+
+        self.link = link
+
+        super().__init__(f"<{self.__class__.__name__}: {self.reference}>")
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"<{self.__class__.__name__}("
+            f"reference={self.reference!r}, "
+            f"message={self.message!r}, "
+            f"context={self.context!r}, "
+            f"note_stmt={self.note_stmt!r}, "
+            f"hint_stmt={self.hint_stmt!r}"
+            ")>"
+        )
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self,
+        console: Console,
+        options: ConsoleOptions,
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        colour = "red" if self.kind == "error" else "yellow"
+
+        yield f"[{colour} bold]{self.kind}[/]: [bold]{self.reference}[/]"
+        yield ""
+
+        if not options.ascii_only:
+            # Present the main message, with relevant context indented.
+            if self.context is not None:
+                yield _prefix_with_indent(
+                    self.message,
+                    console,
+                    prefix=f"[{colour}]×[/] ",
+                    indent=f"[{colour}]│[/] ",
+                )
+                yield _prefix_with_indent(
+                    self.context,
+                    console,
+                    prefix=f"[{colour}]╰─>[/] ",
+                    indent=f"[{colour}]   [/] ",
+                )
+            else:
+                yield _prefix_with_indent(
+                    self.message,
+                    console,
+                    prefix="[red]×[/] ",
+                    indent="  ",
+                )
+        else:
+            yield self.message
+            if self.context is not None:
+                yield ""
+                yield self.context
+
+        if self.note_stmt is not None or self.hint_stmt is not None:
+            yield ""
+
+        if self.note_stmt is not None:
+            yield _prefix_with_indent(
+                self.note_stmt,
+                console,
+                prefix="[magenta bold]note[/]: ",
+                indent="      ",
+            )
+        if self.hint_stmt is not None:
+            yield _prefix_with_indent(
+                self.hint_stmt,
+                console,
+                prefix="[cyan bold]hint[/]: ",
+                indent="      ",
+            )
+
+        if self.link is not None:
+            yield ""
+            yield f"Link: {self.link}"
+
+
+#
+# Actual Errors
+#
+class ConfigurationError(PipError):
+    """General exception in configuration"""
+
+
+class InstallationError(PipError):
+    """General exception during installation"""
+
+
+class UninstallationError(PipError):
+    """General exception during uninstallation"""
+
+
+class MissingPyProjectBuildRequires(DiagnosticPipError):
+    """Raised when pyproject.toml has `build-system`, but no `build-system.requires`."""
+
+    reference = "missing-pyproject-build-system-requires"
+
+    def __init__(self, *, package: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            message=f"Can not process {escape(package)}",
+            context=Text(
+                "This package has an invalid pyproject.toml file.\n"
+                "The [build-system] table is missing the mandatory `requires` key."
+            ),
+            note_stmt="This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.",
+            hint_stmt=Text("See PEP 518 for the detailed specification."),
+        )
+
+
+class InvalidPyProjectBuildRequires(DiagnosticPipError):
+    """Raised when pyproject.toml an invalid `build-system.requires`."""
+
+    reference = "invalid-pyproject-build-system-requires"
+
+    def __init__(self, *, package: str, reason: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            message=f"Can not process {escape(package)}",
+            context=Text(
+                "This package has an invalid `build-system.requires` key in "
+                f"pyproject.toml.\n{reason}"
+            ),
+            note_stmt="This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.",
+            hint_stmt=Text("See PEP 518 for the detailed specification."),
+        )
+
+
+class NoneMetadataError(PipError):
+    """Raised when accessing a Distribution's "METADATA" or "PKG-INFO".
+
+    This signifies an inconsistency, when the Distribution claims to have
+    the metadata file (if not, raise ``FileNotFoundError`` instead), but is
+    not actually able to produce its content. This may be due to permission
+    errors.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dist: "BaseDistribution",
+        metadata_name: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param dist: A Distribution object.
+        :param metadata_name: The name of the metadata being accessed
+            (can be "METADATA" or "PKG-INFO").
+        """
+        self.dist = dist
+        self.metadata_name = metadata_name
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        # Use `dist` in the error message because its stringification
+        # includes more information, like the version and location.
+        return "None {} metadata found for distribution: {}".format(
+            self.metadata_name,
+            self.dist,
+        )
+
+
+class UserInstallationInvalid(InstallationError):
+    """A --user install is requested on an environment without user site."""
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "User base directory is not specified"
+
+
+class InvalidSchemeCombination(InstallationError):
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        before = ", ".join(str(a) for a in self.args[:-1])
+        return f"Cannot set {before} and {self.args[-1]} together"
+
+
+class DistributionNotFound(InstallationError):
+    """Raised when a distribution cannot be found to satisfy a requirement"""
+
+
+class RequirementsFileParseError(InstallationError):
+    """Raised when a general error occurs parsing a requirements file line."""
+
+
+class BestVersionAlreadyInstalled(PipError):
+    """Raised when the most up-to-date version of a package is already
+    installed."""
+
+
+class BadCommand(PipError):
+    """Raised when virtualenv or a command is not found"""
+
+
+class CommandError(PipError):
+    """Raised when there is an error in command-line arguments"""
+
+
+class PreviousBuildDirError(PipError):
+    """Raised when there's a previous conflicting build directory"""
+
+
+class NetworkConnectionError(PipError):
+    """HTTP connection error"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, error_msg: str, response: Response = None, request: Request = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Initialize NetworkConnectionError with  `request` and `response`
+        objects.
+        """
+        self.response = response
+        self.request = request
+        self.error_msg = error_msg
+        if (
+            self.response is not None
+            and not self.request
+            and hasattr(response, "request")
+        ):
+            self.request = self.response.request
+        super().__init__(error_msg, response, request)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.error_msg)
+
+
+class InvalidWheelFilename(InstallationError):
+    """Invalid wheel filename."""
+
+
+class UnsupportedWheel(InstallationError):
+    """Unsupported wheel."""
+
+
+class InvalidWheel(InstallationError):
+    """Invalid (e.g. corrupt) wheel."""
+
+    def __init__(self, location: str, name: str):
+        self.location = location
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Wheel '{self.name}' located at {self.location} is invalid."
+
+
+class MetadataInconsistent(InstallationError):
+    """Built metadata contains inconsistent information.
+
+    This is raised when the metadata contains values (e.g. name and version)
+    that do not match the information previously obtained from sdist filename
+    or user-supplied ``#egg=`` value.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, ireq: "InstallRequirement", field: str, f_val: str, m_val: str
+    ) -> None:
+        self.ireq = ireq
+        self.field = field
+        self.f_val = f_val
+        self.m_val = m_val
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        template = (
+            "Requested {} has inconsistent {}: "
+            "filename has {!r}, but metadata has {!r}"
+        )
+        return template.format(self.ireq, self.field, self.f_val, self.m_val)
+
+
+class LegacyInstallFailure(DiagnosticPipError):
+    """Error occurred while executing `setup.py install`"""
+
+    reference = "legacy-install-failure"
+
+    def __init__(self, package_details: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            message="Encountered error while trying to install package.",
+            context=package_details,
+            hint_stmt="See above for output from the failure.",
+            note_stmt="This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.",
+        )
+
+
+class InstallationSubprocessError(DiagnosticPipError, InstallationError):
+    """A subprocess call failed."""
+
+    reference = "subprocess-exited-with-error"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        command_description: str,
+        exit_code: int,
+        output_lines: Optional[List[str]],
+    ) -> None:
+        if output_lines is None:
+            output_prompt = Text("See above for output.")
+        else:
+            output_prompt = (
+                Text.from_markup(f"[red][{len(output_lines)} lines of output][/]\n")
+                + Text("".join(output_lines))
+                + Text.from_markup(R"[red]\[end of output][/]")
+            )
+
+        super().__init__(
+            message=(
+                f"[green]{escape(command_description)}[/] did not run successfully.\n"
+                f"exit code: {exit_code}"
+            ),
+            context=output_prompt,
+            hint_stmt=None,
+            note_stmt=(
+                "This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a "
+                "problem with pip."
+            ),
+        )
+
+        self.command_description = command_description
+        self.exit_code = exit_code
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.command_description} exited with {self.exit_code}"
+
+
+class MetadataGenerationFailed(InstallationSubprocessError, InstallationError):
+    reference = "metadata-generation-failed"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        package_details: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        super(InstallationSubprocessError, self).__init__(
+            message="Encountered error while generating package metadata.",
+            context=escape(package_details),
+            hint_stmt="See above for details.",
+            note_stmt="This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.",
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "metadata generation failed"
+
+
+class HashErrors(InstallationError):
+    """Multiple HashError instances rolled into one for reporting"""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.errors: List["HashError"] = []
+
+    def append(self, error: "HashError") -> None:
+        self.errors.append(error)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        lines = []
+        self.errors.sort(key=lambda e: e.order)
+        for cls, errors_of_cls in groupby(self.errors, lambda e: e.__class__):
+            lines.append(cls.head)
+            lines.extend(e.body() for e in errors_of_cls)
+        if lines:
+            return "\n".join(lines)
+        return ""
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.errors)
+
+
+class HashError(InstallationError):
+    """
+    A failure to verify a package against known-good hashes
+
+    :cvar order: An int sorting hash exception classes by difficulty of
+        recovery (lower being harder), so the user doesn't bother fretting
+        about unpinned packages when he has deeper issues, like VCS
+        dependencies, to deal with. Also keeps error reports in a
+        deterministic order.
+    :cvar head: A section heading for display above potentially many
+        exceptions of this kind
+    :ivar req: The InstallRequirement that triggered this error. This is
+        pasted on after the exception is instantiated, because it's not
+        typically available earlier.
+
+    """
+
+    req: Optional["InstallRequirement"] = None
+    head = ""
+    order: int = -1
+
+    def body(self) -> str:
+        """Return a summary of me for display under the heading.
+
+        This default implementation simply prints a description of the
+        triggering requirement.
+
+        :param req: The InstallRequirement that provoked this error, with
+            its link already populated by the resolver's _populate_link().
+
+        """
+        return f"    {self._requirement_name()}"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.head}\n{self.body()}"
+
+    def _requirement_name(self) -> str:
+        """Return a description of the requirement that triggered me.
+
+        This default implementation returns long description of the req, with
+        line numbers
+
+        """
+        return str(self.req) if self.req else "unknown package"
+
+
+class VcsHashUnsupported(HashError):
+    """A hash was provided for a version-control-system-based requirement, but
+    we don't have a method for hashing those."""
+
+    order = 0
+    head = (
+        "Can't verify hashes for these requirements because we don't "
+        "have a way to hash version control repositories:"
+    )
+
+
+class DirectoryUrlHashUnsupported(HashError):
+    """A hash was provided for a version-control-system-based requirement, but
+    we don't have a method for hashing those."""
+
+    order = 1
+    head = (
+        "Can't verify hashes for these file:// requirements because they "
+        "point to directories:"
+    )
+
+
+class HashMissing(HashError):
+    """A hash was needed for a requirement but is absent."""
+
+    order = 2
+    head = (
+        "Hashes are required in --require-hashes mode, but they are "
+        "missing from some requirements. Here is a list of those "
+        "requirements along with the hashes their downloaded archives "
+        "actually had. Add lines like these to your requirements files to "
+        "prevent tampering. (If you did not enable --require-hashes "
+        "manually, note that it turns on automatically when any package "
+        "has a hash.)"
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, gotten_hash: str) -> None:
+        """
+        :param gotten_hash: The hash of the (possibly malicious) archive we
+            just downloaded
+        """
+        self.gotten_hash = gotten_hash
+
+    def body(self) -> str:
+        # Dodge circular import.
+        from pip._internal.utils.hashes import FAVORITE_HASH
+
+        package = None
+        if self.req:
+            # In the case of URL-based requirements, display the original URL
+            # seen in the requirements file rather than the package name,
+            # so the output can be directly copied into the requirements file.
+            package = (
+                self.req.original_link
+                if self.req.original_link
+                # In case someone feeds something downright stupid
+                # to InstallRequirement's constructor.
+                else getattr(self.req, "req", None)
+            )
+        return "    {} --hash={}:{}".format(
+            package or "unknown package", FAVORITE_HASH, self.gotten_hash
+        )
+
+
+class HashUnpinned(HashError):
+    """A requirement had a hash specified but was not pinned to a specific
+    version."""
+
+    order = 3
+    head = (
+        "In --require-hashes mode, all requirements must have their "
+        "versions pinned with ==. These do not:"
+    )
+
+
+class HashMismatch(HashError):
+    """
+    Distribution file hash values don't match.
+
+    :ivar package_name: The name of the package that triggered the hash
+        mismatch. Feel free to write to this after the exception is raise to
+        improve its error message.
+
+    """
+
+    order = 4
+    head = (
+        "THESE PACKAGES DO NOT MATCH THE HASHES FROM THE REQUIREMENTS "
+        "FILE. If you have updated the package versions, please update "
+        "the hashes. Otherwise, examine the package contents carefully; "
+        "someone may have tampered with them."
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, allowed: Dict[str, List[str]], gots: Dict[str, "_Hash"]) -> None:
+        """
+        :param allowed: A dict of algorithm names pointing to lists of allowed
+            hex digests
+        :param gots: A dict of algorithm names pointing to hashes we
+            actually got from the files under suspicion
+        """
+        self.allowed = allowed
+        self.gots = gots
+
+    def body(self) -> str:
+        return "    {}:\n{}".format(self._requirement_name(), self._hash_comparison())
+
+    def _hash_comparison(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Return a comparison of actual and expected hash values.
+
+        Example::
+
+               Expected sha256 abcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcde
+                            or 123451234512345123451234512345123451234512345
+                    Got        bcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdef
+
+        """
+
+        def hash_then_or(hash_name: str) -> "chain[str]":
+            # For now, all the decent hashes have 6-char names, so we can get
+            # away with hard-coding space literals.
+            return chain([hash_name], repeat("    or"))
+
+        lines: List[str] = []
+        for hash_name, expecteds in self.allowed.items():
+            prefix = hash_then_or(hash_name)
+            lines.extend(
+                ("        Expected {} {}".format(next(prefix), e)) for e in expecteds
+            )
+            lines.append(
+                "             Got        {}\n".format(self.gots[hash_name].hexdigest())
+            )
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+class UnsupportedPythonVersion(InstallationError):
+    """Unsupported python version according to Requires-Python package
+    metadata."""
+
+
+class ConfigurationFileCouldNotBeLoaded(ConfigurationError):
+    """When there are errors while loading a configuration file"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        reason: str = "could not be loaded",
+        fname: Optional[str] = None,
+        error: Optional[configparser.Error] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(error)
+        self.reason = reason
+        self.fname = fname
+        self.error = error
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self.fname is not None:
+            message_part = f" in {self.fname}."
+        else:
+            assert self.error is not None
+            message_part = f".\n{self.error}\n"
+        return f"Configuration file {self.reason}{message_part}"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a17b7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+"""Index interaction code
+"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/collector.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/collector.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6e9469
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/collector.py
@@ -0,0 +1,610 @@
+"""
+The main purpose of this module is to expose LinkCollector.collect_sources().
+"""
+
+import cgi
+import collections
+import functools
+import itertools
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import urllib.parse
+import urllib.request
+import xml.etree.ElementTree
+from html.parser import HTMLParser
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    MutableMapping,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from pip._vendor import html5lib, requests
+from pip._vendor.requests import Response
+from pip._vendor.requests.exceptions import RetryError, SSLError
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import NetworkConnectionError
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.models.search_scope import SearchScope
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.network.utils import raise_for_status
+from pip._internal.utils.filetypes import is_archive_file
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import pairwise, redact_auth_from_url
+from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+
+from .sources import CandidatesFromPage, LinkSource, build_source
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import Protocol
+else:
+    Protocol = object
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+HTMLElement = xml.etree.ElementTree.Element
+ResponseHeaders = MutableMapping[str, str]
+
+
+def _match_vcs_scheme(url: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Look for VCS schemes in the URL.
+
+    Returns the matched VCS scheme, or None if there's no match.
+    """
+    for scheme in vcs.schemes:
+        if url.lower().startswith(scheme) and url[len(scheme)] in "+:":
+            return scheme
+    return None
+
+
+class _NotHTML(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, content_type: str, request_desc: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(content_type, request_desc)
+        self.content_type = content_type
+        self.request_desc = request_desc
+
+
+def _ensure_html_header(response: Response) -> None:
+    """Check the Content-Type header to ensure the response contains HTML.
+
+    Raises `_NotHTML` if the content type is not text/html.
+    """
+    content_type = response.headers.get("Content-Type", "")
+    if not content_type.lower().startswith("text/html"):
+        raise _NotHTML(content_type, response.request.method)
+
+
+class _NotHTTP(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+def _ensure_html_response(url: str, session: PipSession) -> None:
+    """Send a HEAD request to the URL, and ensure the response contains HTML.
+
+    Raises `_NotHTTP` if the URL is not available for a HEAD request, or
+    `_NotHTML` if the content type is not text/html.
+    """
+    scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
+    if scheme not in {"http", "https"}:
+        raise _NotHTTP()
+
+    resp = session.head(url, allow_redirects=True)
+    raise_for_status(resp)
+
+    _ensure_html_header(resp)
+
+
+def _get_html_response(url: str, session: PipSession) -> Response:
+    """Access an HTML page with GET, and return the response.
+
+    This consists of three parts:
+
+    1. If the URL looks suspiciously like an archive, send a HEAD first to
+       check the Content-Type is HTML, to avoid downloading a large file.
+       Raise `_NotHTTP` if the content type cannot be determined, or
+       `_NotHTML` if it is not HTML.
+    2. Actually perform the request. Raise HTTP exceptions on network failures.
+    3. Check the Content-Type header to make sure we got HTML, and raise
+       `_NotHTML` otherwise.
+    """
+    if is_archive_file(Link(url).filename):
+        _ensure_html_response(url, session=session)
+
+    logger.debug("Getting page %s", redact_auth_from_url(url))
+
+    resp = session.get(
+        url,
+        headers={
+            "Accept": "text/html",
+            # We don't want to blindly returned cached data for
+            # /simple/, because authors generally expecting that
+            # twine upload && pip install will function, but if
+            # they've done a pip install in the last ~10 minutes
+            # it won't. Thus by setting this to zero we will not
+            # blindly use any cached data, however the benefit of
+            # using max-age=0 instead of no-cache, is that we will
+            # still support conditional requests, so we will still
+            # minimize traffic sent in cases where the page hasn't
+            # changed at all, we will just always incur the round
+            # trip for the conditional GET now instead of only
+            # once per 10 minutes.
+            # For more information, please see pypa/pip#5670.
+            "Cache-Control": "max-age=0",
+        },
+    )
+    raise_for_status(resp)
+
+    # The check for archives above only works if the url ends with
+    # something that looks like an archive. However that is not a
+    # requirement of an url. Unless we issue a HEAD request on every
+    # url we cannot know ahead of time for sure if something is HTML
+    # or not. However we can check after we've downloaded it.
+    _ensure_html_header(resp)
+
+    return resp
+
+
+def _get_encoding_from_headers(headers: ResponseHeaders) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Determine if we have any encoding information in our headers."""
+    if headers and "Content-Type" in headers:
+        content_type, params = cgi.parse_header(headers["Content-Type"])
+        if "charset" in params:
+            return params["charset"]
+    return None
+
+
+def _determine_base_url(document: HTMLElement, page_url: str) -> str:
+    """Determine the HTML document's base URL.
+
+    This looks for a ``<base>`` tag in the HTML document. If present, its href
+    attribute denotes the base URL of anchor tags in the document. If there is
+    no such tag (or if it does not have a valid href attribute), the HTML
+    file's URL is used as the base URL.
+
+    :param document: An HTML document representation. The current
+        implementation expects the result of ``html5lib.parse()``.
+    :param page_url: The URL of the HTML document.
+
+    TODO: Remove when `html5lib` is dropped.
+    """
+    for base in document.findall(".//base"):
+        href = base.get("href")
+        if href is not None:
+            return href
+    return page_url
+
+
+def _clean_url_path_part(part: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Clean a "part" of a URL path (i.e. after splitting on "@" characters).
+    """
+    # We unquote prior to quoting to make sure nothing is double quoted.
+    return urllib.parse.quote(urllib.parse.unquote(part))
+
+
+def _clean_file_url_path(part: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Clean the first part of a URL path that corresponds to a local
+    filesystem path (i.e. the first part after splitting on "@" characters).
+    """
+    # We unquote prior to quoting to make sure nothing is double quoted.
+    # Also, on Windows the path part might contain a drive letter which
+    # should not be quoted. On Linux where drive letters do not
+    # exist, the colon should be quoted. We rely on urllib.request
+    # to do the right thing here.
+    return urllib.request.pathname2url(urllib.request.url2pathname(part))
+
+
+# percent-encoded:                   /
+_reserved_chars_re = re.compile("(@|%2F)", re.IGNORECASE)
+
+
+def _clean_url_path(path: str, is_local_path: bool) -> str:
+    """
+    Clean the path portion of a URL.
+    """
+    if is_local_path:
+        clean_func = _clean_file_url_path
+    else:
+        clean_func = _clean_url_path_part
+
+    # Split on the reserved characters prior to cleaning so that
+    # revision strings in VCS URLs are properly preserved.
+    parts = _reserved_chars_re.split(path)
+
+    cleaned_parts = []
+    for to_clean, reserved in pairwise(itertools.chain(parts, [""])):
+        cleaned_parts.append(clean_func(to_clean))
+        # Normalize %xx escapes (e.g. %2f -> %2F)
+        cleaned_parts.append(reserved.upper())
+
+    return "".join(cleaned_parts)
+
+
+def _clean_link(url: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Make sure a link is fully quoted.
+    For example, if ' ' occurs in the URL, it will be replaced with "%20",
+    and without double-quoting other characters.
+    """
+    # Split the URL into parts according to the general structure
+    # `scheme://netloc/path;parameters?query#fragment`.
+    result = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    # If the netloc is empty, then the URL refers to a local filesystem path.
+    is_local_path = not result.netloc
+    path = _clean_url_path(result.path, is_local_path=is_local_path)
+    return urllib.parse.urlunparse(result._replace(path=path))
+
+
+def _create_link_from_element(
+    element_attribs: Dict[str, Optional[str]],
+    page_url: str,
+    base_url: str,
+) -> Optional[Link]:
+    """
+    Convert an anchor element's attributes in a simple repository page to a Link.
+    """
+    href = element_attribs.get("href")
+    if not href:
+        return None
+
+    url = _clean_link(urllib.parse.urljoin(base_url, href))
+    pyrequire = element_attribs.get("data-requires-python")
+    yanked_reason = element_attribs.get("data-yanked")
+
+    link = Link(
+        url,
+        comes_from=page_url,
+        requires_python=pyrequire,
+        yanked_reason=yanked_reason,
+    )
+
+    return link
+
+
+class CacheablePageContent:
+    def __init__(self, page: "HTMLPage") -> None:
+        assert page.cache_link_parsing
+        self.page = page
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, type(self)) and self.page.url == other.page.url
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self.page.url)
+
+
+class ParseLinks(Protocol):
+    def __call__(
+        self, page: "HTMLPage", use_deprecated_html5lib: bool
+    ) -> Iterable[Link]:
+        ...
+
+
+def with_cached_html_pages(fn: ParseLinks) -> ParseLinks:
+    """
+    Given a function that parses an Iterable[Link] from an HTMLPage, cache the
+    function's result (keyed by CacheablePageContent), unless the HTMLPage
+    `page` has `page.cache_link_parsing == False`.
+    """
+
+    @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+    def wrapper(
+        cacheable_page: CacheablePageContent, use_deprecated_html5lib: bool
+    ) -> List[Link]:
+        return list(fn(cacheable_page.page, use_deprecated_html5lib))
+
+    @functools.wraps(fn)
+    def wrapper_wrapper(page: "HTMLPage", use_deprecated_html5lib: bool) -> List[Link]:
+        if page.cache_link_parsing:
+            return wrapper(CacheablePageContent(page), use_deprecated_html5lib)
+        return list(fn(page, use_deprecated_html5lib))
+
+    return wrapper_wrapper
+
+
+def _parse_links_html5lib(page: "HTMLPage") -> Iterable[Link]:
+    """
+    Parse an HTML document, and yield its anchor elements as Link objects.
+
+    TODO: Remove when `html5lib` is dropped.
+    """
+    document = html5lib.parse(
+        page.content,
+        transport_encoding=page.encoding,
+        namespaceHTMLElements=False,
+    )
+
+    url = page.url
+    base_url = _determine_base_url(document, url)
+    for anchor in document.findall(".//a"):
+        link = _create_link_from_element(
+            anchor.attrib,
+            page_url=url,
+            base_url=base_url,
+        )
+        if link is None:
+            continue
+        yield link
+
+
+@with_cached_html_pages
+def parse_links(page: "HTMLPage", use_deprecated_html5lib: bool) -> Iterable[Link]:
+    """
+    Parse an HTML document, and yield its anchor elements as Link objects.
+    """
+
+    if use_deprecated_html5lib:
+        yield from _parse_links_html5lib(page)
+        return
+
+    parser = HTMLLinkParser(page.url)
+    encoding = page.encoding or "utf-8"
+    parser.feed(page.content.decode(encoding))
+
+    url = page.url
+    base_url = parser.base_url or url
+    for anchor in parser.anchors:
+        link = _create_link_from_element(
+            anchor,
+            page_url=url,
+            base_url=base_url,
+        )
+        if link is None:
+            continue
+        yield link
+
+
+class HTMLPage:
+    """Represents one page, along with its URL"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        content: bytes,
+        encoding: Optional[str],
+        url: str,
+        cache_link_parsing: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param encoding: the encoding to decode the given content.
+        :param url: the URL from which the HTML was downloaded.
+        :param cache_link_parsing: whether links parsed from this page's url
+                                   should be cached. PyPI index urls should
+                                   have this set to False, for example.
+        """
+        self.content = content
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        self.url = url
+        self.cache_link_parsing = cache_link_parsing
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return redact_auth_from_url(self.url)
+
+
+class HTMLLinkParser(HTMLParser):
+    """
+    HTMLParser that keeps the first base HREF and a list of all anchor
+    elements' attributes.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, url: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(convert_charrefs=True)
+
+        self.url: str = url
+        self.base_url: Optional[str] = None
+        self.anchors: List[Dict[str, Optional[str]]] = []
+
+    def handle_starttag(self, tag: str, attrs: List[Tuple[str, Optional[str]]]) -> None:
+        if tag == "base" and self.base_url is None:
+            href = self.get_href(attrs)
+            if href is not None:
+                self.base_url = href
+        elif tag == "a":
+            self.anchors.append(dict(attrs))
+
+    def get_href(self, attrs: List[Tuple[str, Optional[str]]]) -> Optional[str]:
+        for name, value in attrs:
+            if name == "href":
+                return value
+        return None
+
+
+def _handle_get_page_fail(
+    link: Link,
+    reason: Union[str, Exception],
+    meth: Optional[Callable[..., None]] = None,
+) -> None:
+    if meth is None:
+        meth = logger.debug
+    meth("Could not fetch URL %s: %s - skipping", link, reason)
+
+
+def _make_html_page(response: Response, cache_link_parsing: bool = True) -> HTMLPage:
+    encoding = _get_encoding_from_headers(response.headers)
+    return HTMLPage(
+        response.content,
+        encoding=encoding,
+        url=response.url,
+        cache_link_parsing=cache_link_parsing,
+    )
+
+
+def _get_html_page(
+    link: Link, session: Optional[PipSession] = None
+) -> Optional["HTMLPage"]:
+    if session is None:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "_get_html_page() missing 1 required keyword argument: 'session'"
+        )
+
+    url = link.url.split("#", 1)[0]
+
+    # Check for VCS schemes that do not support lookup as web pages.
+    vcs_scheme = _match_vcs_scheme(url)
+    if vcs_scheme:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Cannot look at %s URL %s because it does not support lookup as web pages.",
+            vcs_scheme,
+            link,
+        )
+        return None
+
+    # Tack index.html onto file:// URLs that point to directories
+    scheme, _, path, _, _, _ = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    if scheme == "file" and os.path.isdir(urllib.request.url2pathname(path)):
+        # add trailing slash if not present so urljoin doesn't trim
+        # final segment
+        if not url.endswith("/"):
+            url += "/"
+        url = urllib.parse.urljoin(url, "index.html")
+        logger.debug(" file: URL is directory, getting %s", url)
+
+    try:
+        resp = _get_html_response(url, session=session)
+    except _NotHTTP:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Skipping page %s because it looks like an archive, and cannot "
+            "be checked by a HTTP HEAD request.",
+            link,
+        )
+    except _NotHTML as exc:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Skipping page %s because the %s request got Content-Type: %s."
+            "The only supported Content-Type is text/html",
+            link,
+            exc.request_desc,
+            exc.content_type,
+        )
+    except NetworkConnectionError as exc:
+        _handle_get_page_fail(link, exc)
+    except RetryError as exc:
+        _handle_get_page_fail(link, exc)
+    except SSLError as exc:
+        reason = "There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: "
+        reason += str(exc)
+        _handle_get_page_fail(link, reason, meth=logger.info)
+    except requests.ConnectionError as exc:
+        _handle_get_page_fail(link, f"connection error: {exc}")
+    except requests.Timeout:
+        _handle_get_page_fail(link, "timed out")
+    else:
+        return _make_html_page(resp, cache_link_parsing=link.cache_link_parsing)
+    return None
+
+
+class CollectedSources(NamedTuple):
+    find_links: Sequence[Optional[LinkSource]]
+    index_urls: Sequence[Optional[LinkSource]]
+
+
+class LinkCollector:
+
+    """
+    Responsible for collecting Link objects from all configured locations,
+    making network requests as needed.
+
+    The class's main method is its collect_sources() method.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        session: PipSession,
+        search_scope: SearchScope,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.search_scope = search_scope
+        self.session = session
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(
+        cls,
+        session: PipSession,
+        options: Values,
+        suppress_no_index: bool = False,
+    ) -> "LinkCollector":
+        """
+        :param session: The Session to use to make requests.
+        :param suppress_no_index: Whether to ignore the --no-index option
+            when constructing the SearchScope object.
+        """
+        index_urls = [options.index_url] + options.extra_index_urls
+        if options.no_index and not suppress_no_index:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Ignoring indexes: %s",
+                ",".join(redact_auth_from_url(url) for url in index_urls),
+            )
+            index_urls = []
+
+        # Make sure find_links is a list before passing to create().
+        find_links = options.find_links or []
+
+        search_scope = SearchScope.create(
+            find_links=find_links,
+            index_urls=index_urls,
+        )
+        link_collector = LinkCollector(
+            session=session,
+            search_scope=search_scope,
+        )
+        return link_collector
+
+    @property
+    def find_links(self) -> List[str]:
+        return self.search_scope.find_links
+
+    def fetch_page(self, location: Link) -> Optional[HTMLPage]:
+        """
+        Fetch an HTML page containing package links.
+        """
+        return _get_html_page(location, session=self.session)
+
+    def collect_sources(
+        self,
+        project_name: str,
+        candidates_from_page: CandidatesFromPage,
+    ) -> CollectedSources:
+        # The OrderedDict calls deduplicate sources by URL.
+        index_url_sources = collections.OrderedDict(
+            build_source(
+                loc,
+                candidates_from_page=candidates_from_page,
+                page_validator=self.session.is_secure_origin,
+                expand_dir=False,
+                cache_link_parsing=False,
+            )
+            for loc in self.search_scope.get_index_urls_locations(project_name)
+        ).values()
+        find_links_sources = collections.OrderedDict(
+            build_source(
+                loc,
+                candidates_from_page=candidates_from_page,
+                page_validator=self.session.is_secure_origin,
+                expand_dir=True,
+                cache_link_parsing=True,
+            )
+            for loc in self.find_links
+        ).values()
+
+        if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
+            lines = [
+                f"* {s.link}"
+                for s in itertools.chain(find_links_sources, index_url_sources)
+                if s is not None and s.link is not None
+            ]
+            lines = [
+                f"{len(lines)} location(s) to search "
+                f"for versions of {project_name}:"
+            ] + lines
+            logger.debug("\n".join(lines))
+
+        return CollectedSources(
+            find_links=list(find_links_sources),
+            index_urls=list(index_url_sources),
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/package_finder.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/package_finder.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..223d06d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/package_finder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1004 @@
+"""Routines related to PyPI, indexes"""
+
+# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
+# mypy: strict-optional=False
+
+import functools
+import itertools
+import logging
+import re
+from typing import FrozenSet, Iterable, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging import specifiers
+from pip._vendor.packaging.tags import Tag
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import _BaseVersion
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    BestVersionAlreadyInstalled,
+    DistributionNotFound,
+    InvalidWheelFilename,
+    UnsupportedWheel,
+)
+from pip._internal.index.collector import LinkCollector, parse_links
+from pip._internal.models.candidate import InstallationCandidate
+from pip._internal.models.format_control import FormatControl
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.models.search_scope import SearchScope
+from pip._internal.models.selection_prefs import SelectionPreferences
+from pip._internal.models.target_python import TargetPython
+from pip._internal.models.wheel import Wheel
+from pip._internal.req import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.utils._log import getLogger
+from pip._internal.utils.filetypes import WHEEL_EXTENSION
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import Hashes
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import build_netloc
+from pip._internal.utils.packaging import check_requires_python
+from pip._internal.utils.unpacking import SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS
+
+__all__ = ["FormatControl", "BestCandidateResult", "PackageFinder"]
+
+
+logger = getLogger(__name__)
+
+BuildTag = Union[Tuple[()], Tuple[int, str]]
+CandidateSortingKey = Tuple[int, int, int, _BaseVersion, Optional[int], BuildTag]
+
+
+def _check_link_requires_python(
+    link: Link,
+    version_info: Tuple[int, int, int],
+    ignore_requires_python: bool = False,
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Return whether the given Python version is compatible with a link's
+    "Requires-Python" value.
+
+    :param version_info: A 3-tuple of ints representing the Python
+        major-minor-micro version to check.
+    :param ignore_requires_python: Whether to ignore the "Requires-Python"
+        value if the given Python version isn't compatible.
+    """
+    try:
+        is_compatible = check_requires_python(
+            link.requires_python,
+            version_info=version_info,
+        )
+    except specifiers.InvalidSpecifier:
+        logger.debug(
+            "Ignoring invalid Requires-Python (%r) for link: %s",
+            link.requires_python,
+            link,
+        )
+    else:
+        if not is_compatible:
+            version = ".".join(map(str, version_info))
+            if not ignore_requires_python:
+                logger.verbose(
+                    "Link requires a different Python (%s not in: %r): %s",
+                    version,
+                    link.requires_python,
+                    link,
+                )
+                return False
+
+            logger.debug(
+                "Ignoring failed Requires-Python check (%s not in: %r) for link: %s",
+                version,
+                link.requires_python,
+                link,
+            )
+
+    return True
+
+
+class LinkEvaluator:
+
+    """
+    Responsible for evaluating links for a particular project.
+    """
+
+    _py_version_re = re.compile(r"-py([123]\.?[0-9]?)$")
+
+    # Don't include an allow_yanked default value to make sure each call
+    # site considers whether yanked releases are allowed. This also causes
+    # that decision to be made explicit in the calling code, which helps
+    # people when reading the code.
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        project_name: str,
+        canonical_name: str,
+        formats: FrozenSet[str],
+        target_python: TargetPython,
+        allow_yanked: bool,
+        ignore_requires_python: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param project_name: The user supplied package name.
+        :param canonical_name: The canonical package name.
+        :param formats: The formats allowed for this package. Should be a set
+            with 'binary' or 'source' or both in it.
+        :param target_python: The target Python interpreter to use when
+            evaluating link compatibility. This is used, for example, to
+            check wheel compatibility, as well as when checking the Python
+            version, e.g. the Python version embedded in a link filename
+            (or egg fragment) and against an HTML link's optional PEP 503
+            "data-requires-python" attribute.
+        :param allow_yanked: Whether files marked as yanked (in the sense
+            of PEP 592) are permitted to be candidates for install.
+        :param ignore_requires_python: Whether to ignore incompatible
+            PEP 503 "data-requires-python" values in HTML links. Defaults
+            to False.
+        """
+        if ignore_requires_python is None:
+            ignore_requires_python = False
+
+        self._allow_yanked = allow_yanked
+        self._canonical_name = canonical_name
+        self._ignore_requires_python = ignore_requires_python
+        self._formats = formats
+        self._target_python = target_python
+
+        self.project_name = project_name
+
+    def evaluate_link(self, link: Link) -> Tuple[bool, Optional[str]]:
+        """
+        Determine whether a link is a candidate for installation.
+
+        :return: A tuple (is_candidate, result), where `result` is (1) a
+            version string if `is_candidate` is True, and (2) if
+            `is_candidate` is False, an optional string to log the reason
+            the link fails to qualify.
+        """
+        version = None
+        if link.is_yanked and not self._allow_yanked:
+            reason = link.yanked_reason or "<none given>"
+            return (False, f"yanked for reason: {reason}")
+
+        if link.egg_fragment:
+            egg_info = link.egg_fragment
+            ext = link.ext
+        else:
+            egg_info, ext = link.splitext()
+            if not ext:
+                return (False, "not a file")
+            if ext not in SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS:
+                return (False, f"unsupported archive format: {ext}")
+            if "binary" not in self._formats and ext == WHEEL_EXTENSION:
+                reason = "No binaries permitted for {}".format(self.project_name)
+                return (False, reason)
+            if "macosx10" in link.path and ext == ".zip":
+                return (False, "macosx10 one")
+            if ext == WHEEL_EXTENSION:
+                try:
+                    wheel = Wheel(link.filename)
+                except InvalidWheelFilename:
+                    return (False, "invalid wheel filename")
+                if canonicalize_name(wheel.name) != self._canonical_name:
+                    reason = "wrong project name (not {})".format(self.project_name)
+                    return (False, reason)
+
+                supported_tags = self._target_python.get_tags()
+                if not wheel.supported(supported_tags):
+                    # Include the wheel's tags in the reason string to
+                    # simplify troubleshooting compatibility issues.
+                    file_tags = wheel.get_formatted_file_tags()
+                    reason = (
+                        "none of the wheel's tags ({}) are compatible "
+                        "(run pip debug --verbose to show compatible tags)".format(
+                            ", ".join(file_tags)
+                        )
+                    )
+                    return (False, reason)
+
+                version = wheel.version
+
+        # This should be up by the self.ok_binary check, but see issue 2700.
+        if "source" not in self._formats and ext != WHEEL_EXTENSION:
+            reason = f"No sources permitted for {self.project_name}"
+            return (False, reason)
+
+        if not version:
+            version = _extract_version_from_fragment(
+                egg_info,
+                self._canonical_name,
+            )
+        if not version:
+            reason = f"Missing project version for {self.project_name}"
+            return (False, reason)
+
+        match = self._py_version_re.search(version)
+        if match:
+            version = version[: match.start()]
+            py_version = match.group(1)
+            if py_version != self._target_python.py_version:
+                return (False, "Python version is incorrect")
+
+        supports_python = _check_link_requires_python(
+            link,
+            version_info=self._target_python.py_version_info,
+            ignore_requires_python=self._ignore_requires_python,
+        )
+        if not supports_python:
+            # Return None for the reason text to suppress calling
+            # _log_skipped_link().
+            return (False, None)
+
+        logger.debug("Found link %s, version: %s", link, version)
+
+        return (True, version)
+
+
+def filter_unallowed_hashes(
+    candidates: List[InstallationCandidate],
+    hashes: Hashes,
+    project_name: str,
+) -> List[InstallationCandidate]:
+    """
+    Filter out candidates whose hashes aren't allowed, and return a new
+    list of candidates.
+
+    If at least one candidate has an allowed hash, then all candidates with
+    either an allowed hash or no hash specified are returned.  Otherwise,
+    the given candidates are returned.
+
+    Including the candidates with no hash specified when there is a match
+    allows a warning to be logged if there is a more preferred candidate
+    with no hash specified.  Returning all candidates in the case of no
+    matches lets pip report the hash of the candidate that would otherwise
+    have been installed (e.g. permitting the user to more easily update
+    their requirements file with the desired hash).
+    """
+    if not hashes:
+        logger.debug(
+            "Given no hashes to check %s links for project %r: "
+            "discarding no candidates",
+            len(candidates),
+            project_name,
+        )
+        # Make sure we're not returning back the given value.
+        return list(candidates)
+
+    matches_or_no_digest = []
+    # Collect the non-matches for logging purposes.
+    non_matches = []
+    match_count = 0
+    for candidate in candidates:
+        link = candidate.link
+        if not link.has_hash:
+            pass
+        elif link.is_hash_allowed(hashes=hashes):
+            match_count += 1
+        else:
+            non_matches.append(candidate)
+            continue
+
+        matches_or_no_digest.append(candidate)
+
+    if match_count:
+        filtered = matches_or_no_digest
+    else:
+        # Make sure we're not returning back the given value.
+        filtered = list(candidates)
+
+    if len(filtered) == len(candidates):
+        discard_message = "discarding no candidates"
+    else:
+        discard_message = "discarding {} non-matches:\n  {}".format(
+            len(non_matches),
+            "\n  ".join(str(candidate.link) for candidate in non_matches),
+        )
+
+    logger.debug(
+        "Checked %s links for project %r against %s hashes "
+        "(%s matches, %s no digest): %s",
+        len(candidates),
+        project_name,
+        hashes.digest_count,
+        match_count,
+        len(matches_or_no_digest) - match_count,
+        discard_message,
+    )
+
+    return filtered
+
+
+class CandidatePreferences:
+
+    """
+    Encapsulates some of the preferences for filtering and sorting
+    InstallationCandidate objects.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        prefer_binary: bool = False,
+        allow_all_prereleases: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param allow_all_prereleases: Whether to allow all pre-releases.
+        """
+        self.allow_all_prereleases = allow_all_prereleases
+        self.prefer_binary = prefer_binary
+
+
+class BestCandidateResult:
+    """A collection of candidates, returned by `PackageFinder.find_best_candidate`.
+
+    This class is only intended to be instantiated by CandidateEvaluator's
+    `compute_best_candidate()` method.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        candidates: List[InstallationCandidate],
+        applicable_candidates: List[InstallationCandidate],
+        best_candidate: Optional[InstallationCandidate],
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param candidates: A sequence of all available candidates found.
+        :param applicable_candidates: The applicable candidates.
+        :param best_candidate: The most preferred candidate found, or None
+            if no applicable candidates were found.
+        """
+        assert set(applicable_candidates) <= set(candidates)
+
+        if best_candidate is None:
+            assert not applicable_candidates
+        else:
+            assert best_candidate in applicable_candidates
+
+        self._applicable_candidates = applicable_candidates
+        self._candidates = candidates
+
+        self.best_candidate = best_candidate
+
+    def iter_all(self) -> Iterable[InstallationCandidate]:
+        """Iterate through all candidates."""
+        return iter(self._candidates)
+
+    def iter_applicable(self) -> Iterable[InstallationCandidate]:
+        """Iterate through the applicable candidates."""
+        return iter(self._applicable_candidates)
+
+
+class CandidateEvaluator:
+
+    """
+    Responsible for filtering and sorting candidates for installation based
+    on what tags are valid.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(
+        cls,
+        project_name: str,
+        target_python: Optional[TargetPython] = None,
+        prefer_binary: bool = False,
+        allow_all_prereleases: bool = False,
+        specifier: Optional[specifiers.BaseSpecifier] = None,
+        hashes: Optional[Hashes] = None,
+    ) -> "CandidateEvaluator":
+        """Create a CandidateEvaluator object.
+
+        :param target_python: The target Python interpreter to use when
+            checking compatibility. If None (the default), a TargetPython
+            object will be constructed from the running Python.
+        :param specifier: An optional object implementing `filter`
+            (e.g. `packaging.specifiers.SpecifierSet`) to filter applicable
+            versions.
+        :param hashes: An optional collection of allowed hashes.
+        """
+        if target_python is None:
+            target_python = TargetPython()
+        if specifier is None:
+            specifier = specifiers.SpecifierSet()
+
+        supported_tags = target_python.get_tags()
+
+        return cls(
+            project_name=project_name,
+            supported_tags=supported_tags,
+            specifier=specifier,
+            prefer_binary=prefer_binary,
+            allow_all_prereleases=allow_all_prereleases,
+            hashes=hashes,
+        )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        project_name: str,
+        supported_tags: List[Tag],
+        specifier: specifiers.BaseSpecifier,
+        prefer_binary: bool = False,
+        allow_all_prereleases: bool = False,
+        hashes: Optional[Hashes] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param supported_tags: The PEP 425 tags supported by the target
+            Python in order of preference (most preferred first).
+        """
+        self._allow_all_prereleases = allow_all_prereleases
+        self._hashes = hashes
+        self._prefer_binary = prefer_binary
+        self._project_name = project_name
+        self._specifier = specifier
+        self._supported_tags = supported_tags
+        # Since the index of the tag in the _supported_tags list is used
+        # as a priority, precompute a map from tag to index/priority to be
+        # used in wheel.find_most_preferred_tag.
+        self._wheel_tag_preferences = {
+            tag: idx for idx, tag in enumerate(supported_tags)
+        }
+
+    def get_applicable_candidates(
+        self,
+        candidates: List[InstallationCandidate],
+    ) -> List[InstallationCandidate]:
+        """
+        Return the applicable candidates from a list of candidates.
+        """
+        # Using None infers from the specifier instead.
+        allow_prereleases = self._allow_all_prereleases or None
+        specifier = self._specifier
+        versions = {
+            str(v)
+            for v in specifier.filter(
+                # We turn the version object into a str here because otherwise
+                # when we're debundled but setuptools isn't, Python will see
+                # packaging.version.Version and
+                # pkg_resources._vendor.packaging.version.Version as different
+                # types. This way we'll use a str as a common data interchange
+                # format. If we stop using the pkg_resources provided specifier
+                # and start using our own, we can drop the cast to str().
+                (str(c.version) for c in candidates),
+                prereleases=allow_prereleases,
+            )
+        }
+
+        # Again, converting version to str to deal with debundling.
+        applicable_candidates = [c for c in candidates if str(c.version) in versions]
+
+        filtered_applicable_candidates = filter_unallowed_hashes(
+            candidates=applicable_candidates,
+            hashes=self._hashes,
+            project_name=self._project_name,
+        )
+
+        return sorted(filtered_applicable_candidates, key=self._sort_key)
+
+    def _sort_key(self, candidate: InstallationCandidate) -> CandidateSortingKey:
+        """
+        Function to pass as the `key` argument to a call to sorted() to sort
+        InstallationCandidates by preference.
+
+        Returns a tuple such that tuples sorting as greater using Python's
+        default comparison operator are more preferred.
+
+        The preference is as follows:
+
+        First and foremost, candidates with allowed (matching) hashes are
+        always preferred over candidates without matching hashes. This is
+        because e.g. if the only candidate with an allowed hash is yanked,
+        we still want to use that candidate.
+
+        Second, excepting hash considerations, candidates that have been
+        yanked (in the sense of PEP 592) are always less preferred than
+        candidates that haven't been yanked. Then:
+
+        If not finding wheels, they are sorted by version only.
+        If finding wheels, then the sort order is by version, then:
+          1. existing installs
+          2. wheels ordered via Wheel.support_index_min(self._supported_tags)
+          3. source archives
+        If prefer_binary was set, then all wheels are sorted above sources.
+
+        Note: it was considered to embed this logic into the Link
+              comparison operators, but then different sdist links
+              with the same version, would have to be considered equal
+        """
+        valid_tags = self._supported_tags
+        support_num = len(valid_tags)
+        build_tag: BuildTag = ()
+        binary_preference = 0
+        link = candidate.link
+        if link.is_wheel:
+            # can raise InvalidWheelFilename
+            wheel = Wheel(link.filename)
+            try:
+                pri = -(
+                    wheel.find_most_preferred_tag(
+                        valid_tags, self._wheel_tag_preferences
+                    )
+                )
+            except ValueError:
+                raise UnsupportedWheel(
+                    "{} is not a supported wheel for this platform. It "
+                    "can't be sorted.".format(wheel.filename)
+                )
+            if self._prefer_binary:
+                binary_preference = 1
+            if wheel.build_tag is not None:
+                match = re.match(r"^(\d+)(.*)$", wheel.build_tag)
+                build_tag_groups = match.groups()
+                build_tag = (int(build_tag_groups[0]), build_tag_groups[1])
+        else:  # sdist
+            pri = -(support_num)
+        has_allowed_hash = int(link.is_hash_allowed(self._hashes))
+        yank_value = -1 * int(link.is_yanked)  # -1 for yanked.
+        return (
+            has_allowed_hash,
+            yank_value,
+            binary_preference,
+            candidate.version,
+            pri,
+            build_tag,
+        )
+
+    def sort_best_candidate(
+        self,
+        candidates: List[InstallationCandidate],
+    ) -> Optional[InstallationCandidate]:
+        """
+        Return the best candidate per the instance's sort order, or None if
+        no candidate is acceptable.
+        """
+        if not candidates:
+            return None
+        best_candidate = max(candidates, key=self._sort_key)
+        return best_candidate
+
+    def compute_best_candidate(
+        self,
+        candidates: List[InstallationCandidate],
+    ) -> BestCandidateResult:
+        """
+        Compute and return a `BestCandidateResult` instance.
+        """
+        applicable_candidates = self.get_applicable_candidates(candidates)
+
+        best_candidate = self.sort_best_candidate(applicable_candidates)
+
+        return BestCandidateResult(
+            candidates,
+            applicable_candidates=applicable_candidates,
+            best_candidate=best_candidate,
+        )
+
+
+class PackageFinder:
+    """This finds packages.
+
+    This is meant to match easy_install's technique for looking for
+    packages, by reading pages and looking for appropriate links.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        link_collector: LinkCollector,
+        target_python: TargetPython,
+        allow_yanked: bool,
+        use_deprecated_html5lib: bool,
+        format_control: Optional[FormatControl] = None,
+        candidate_prefs: Optional[CandidatePreferences] = None,
+        ignore_requires_python: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        This constructor is primarily meant to be used by the create() class
+        method and from tests.
+
+        :param format_control: A FormatControl object, used to control
+            the selection of source packages / binary packages when consulting
+            the index and links.
+        :param candidate_prefs: Options to use when creating a
+            CandidateEvaluator object.
+        """
+        if candidate_prefs is None:
+            candidate_prefs = CandidatePreferences()
+
+        format_control = format_control or FormatControl(set(), set())
+
+        self._allow_yanked = allow_yanked
+        self._candidate_prefs = candidate_prefs
+        self._ignore_requires_python = ignore_requires_python
+        self._link_collector = link_collector
+        self._target_python = target_python
+        self._use_deprecated_html5lib = use_deprecated_html5lib
+
+        self.format_control = format_control
+
+        # These are boring links that have already been logged somehow.
+        self._logged_links: Set[Link] = set()
+
+    # Don't include an allow_yanked default value to make sure each call
+    # site considers whether yanked releases are allowed. This also causes
+    # that decision to be made explicit in the calling code, which helps
+    # people when reading the code.
+    @classmethod
+    def create(
+        cls,
+        link_collector: LinkCollector,
+        selection_prefs: SelectionPreferences,
+        target_python: Optional[TargetPython] = None,
+        *,
+        use_deprecated_html5lib: bool,
+    ) -> "PackageFinder":
+        """Create a PackageFinder.
+
+        :param selection_prefs: The candidate selection preferences, as a
+            SelectionPreferences object.
+        :param target_python: The target Python interpreter to use when
+            checking compatibility. If None (the default), a TargetPython
+            object will be constructed from the running Python.
+        """
+        if target_python is None:
+            target_python = TargetPython()
+
+        candidate_prefs = CandidatePreferences(
+            prefer_binary=selection_prefs.prefer_binary,
+            allow_all_prereleases=selection_prefs.allow_all_prereleases,
+        )
+
+        return cls(
+            candidate_prefs=candidate_prefs,
+            link_collector=link_collector,
+            target_python=target_python,
+            allow_yanked=selection_prefs.allow_yanked,
+            format_control=selection_prefs.format_control,
+            ignore_requires_python=selection_prefs.ignore_requires_python,
+            use_deprecated_html5lib=use_deprecated_html5lib,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def target_python(self) -> TargetPython:
+        return self._target_python
+
+    @property
+    def search_scope(self) -> SearchScope:
+        return self._link_collector.search_scope
+
+    @search_scope.setter
+    def search_scope(self, search_scope: SearchScope) -> None:
+        self._link_collector.search_scope = search_scope
+
+    @property
+    def find_links(self) -> List[str]:
+        return self._link_collector.find_links
+
+    @property
+    def index_urls(self) -> List[str]:
+        return self.search_scope.index_urls
+
+    @property
+    def trusted_hosts(self) -> Iterable[str]:
+        for host_port in self._link_collector.session.pip_trusted_origins:
+            yield build_netloc(*host_port)
+
+    @property
+    def allow_all_prereleases(self) -> bool:
+        return self._candidate_prefs.allow_all_prereleases
+
+    def set_allow_all_prereleases(self) -> None:
+        self._candidate_prefs.allow_all_prereleases = True
+
+    @property
+    def prefer_binary(self) -> bool:
+        return self._candidate_prefs.prefer_binary
+
+    def set_prefer_binary(self) -> None:
+        self._candidate_prefs.prefer_binary = True
+
+    def make_link_evaluator(self, project_name: str) -> LinkEvaluator:
+        canonical_name = canonicalize_name(project_name)
+        formats = self.format_control.get_allowed_formats(canonical_name)
+
+        return LinkEvaluator(
+            project_name=project_name,
+            canonical_name=canonical_name,
+            formats=formats,
+            target_python=self._target_python,
+            allow_yanked=self._allow_yanked,
+            ignore_requires_python=self._ignore_requires_python,
+        )
+
+    def _sort_links(self, links: Iterable[Link]) -> List[Link]:
+        """
+        Returns elements of links in order, non-egg links first, egg links
+        second, while eliminating duplicates
+        """
+        eggs, no_eggs = [], []
+        seen: Set[Link] = set()
+        for link in links:
+            if link not in seen:
+                seen.add(link)
+                if link.egg_fragment:
+                    eggs.append(link)
+                else:
+                    no_eggs.append(link)
+        return no_eggs + eggs
+
+    def _log_skipped_link(self, link: Link, reason: str) -> None:
+        if link not in self._logged_links:
+            # Put the link at the end so the reason is more visible and because
+            # the link string is usually very long.
+            logger.debug("Skipping link: %s: %s", reason, link)
+            self._logged_links.add(link)
+
+    def get_install_candidate(
+        self, link_evaluator: LinkEvaluator, link: Link
+    ) -> Optional[InstallationCandidate]:
+        """
+        If the link is a candidate for install, convert it to an
+        InstallationCandidate and return it. Otherwise, return None.
+        """
+        is_candidate, result = link_evaluator.evaluate_link(link)
+        if not is_candidate:
+            if result:
+                self._log_skipped_link(link, reason=result)
+            return None
+
+        return InstallationCandidate(
+            name=link_evaluator.project_name,
+            link=link,
+            version=result,
+        )
+
+    def evaluate_links(
+        self, link_evaluator: LinkEvaluator, links: Iterable[Link]
+    ) -> List[InstallationCandidate]:
+        """
+        Convert links that are candidates to InstallationCandidate objects.
+        """
+        candidates = []
+        for link in self._sort_links(links):
+            candidate = self.get_install_candidate(link_evaluator, link)
+            if candidate is not None:
+                candidates.append(candidate)
+
+        return candidates
+
+    def process_project_url(
+        self, project_url: Link, link_evaluator: LinkEvaluator
+    ) -> List[InstallationCandidate]:
+        logger.debug(
+            "Fetching project page and analyzing links: %s",
+            project_url,
+        )
+        html_page = self._link_collector.fetch_page(project_url)
+        if html_page is None:
+            return []
+
+        page_links = list(parse_links(html_page, self._use_deprecated_html5lib))
+
+        with indent_log():
+            package_links = self.evaluate_links(
+                link_evaluator,
+                links=page_links,
+            )
+
+        return package_links
+
+    @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+    def find_all_candidates(self, project_name: str) -> List[InstallationCandidate]:
+        """Find all available InstallationCandidate for project_name
+
+        This checks index_urls and find_links.
+        All versions found are returned as an InstallationCandidate list.
+
+        See LinkEvaluator.evaluate_link() for details on which files
+        are accepted.
+        """
+        link_evaluator = self.make_link_evaluator(project_name)
+
+        collected_sources = self._link_collector.collect_sources(
+            project_name=project_name,
+            candidates_from_page=functools.partial(
+                self.process_project_url,
+                link_evaluator=link_evaluator,
+            ),
+        )
+
+        page_candidates_it = itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+            source.page_candidates()
+            for sources in collected_sources
+            for source in sources
+            if source is not None
+        )
+        page_candidates = list(page_candidates_it)
+
+        file_links_it = itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+            source.file_links()
+            for sources in collected_sources
+            for source in sources
+            if source is not None
+        )
+        file_candidates = self.evaluate_links(
+            link_evaluator,
+            sorted(file_links_it, reverse=True),
+        )
+
+        if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG) and file_candidates:
+            paths = []
+            for candidate in file_candidates:
+                assert candidate.link.url  # we need to have a URL
+                try:
+                    paths.append(candidate.link.file_path)
+                except Exception:
+                    paths.append(candidate.link.url)  # it's not a local file
+
+            logger.debug("Local files found: %s", ", ".join(paths))
+
+        # This is an intentional priority ordering
+        return file_candidates + page_candidates
+
+    def make_candidate_evaluator(
+        self,
+        project_name: str,
+        specifier: Optional[specifiers.BaseSpecifier] = None,
+        hashes: Optional[Hashes] = None,
+    ) -> CandidateEvaluator:
+        """Create a CandidateEvaluator object to use."""
+        candidate_prefs = self._candidate_prefs
+        return CandidateEvaluator.create(
+            project_name=project_name,
+            target_python=self._target_python,
+            prefer_binary=candidate_prefs.prefer_binary,
+            allow_all_prereleases=candidate_prefs.allow_all_prereleases,
+            specifier=specifier,
+            hashes=hashes,
+        )
+
+    @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+    def find_best_candidate(
+        self,
+        project_name: str,
+        specifier: Optional[specifiers.BaseSpecifier] = None,
+        hashes: Optional[Hashes] = None,
+    ) -> BestCandidateResult:
+        """Find matches for the given project and specifier.
+
+        :param specifier: An optional object implementing `filter`
+            (e.g. `packaging.specifiers.SpecifierSet`) to filter applicable
+            versions.
+
+        :return: A `BestCandidateResult` instance.
+        """
+        candidates = self.find_all_candidates(project_name)
+        candidate_evaluator = self.make_candidate_evaluator(
+            project_name=project_name,
+            specifier=specifier,
+            hashes=hashes,
+        )
+        return candidate_evaluator.compute_best_candidate(candidates)
+
+    def find_requirement(
+        self, req: InstallRequirement, upgrade: bool
+    ) -> Optional[InstallationCandidate]:
+        """Try to find a Link matching req
+
+        Expects req, an InstallRequirement and upgrade, a boolean
+        Returns a InstallationCandidate if found,
+        Raises DistributionNotFound or BestVersionAlreadyInstalled otherwise
+        """
+        hashes = req.hashes(trust_internet=False)
+        best_candidate_result = self.find_best_candidate(
+            req.name,
+            specifier=req.specifier,
+            hashes=hashes,
+        )
+        best_candidate = best_candidate_result.best_candidate
+
+        installed_version: Optional[_BaseVersion] = None
+        if req.satisfied_by is not None:
+            installed_version = req.satisfied_by.version
+
+        def _format_versions(cand_iter: Iterable[InstallationCandidate]) -> str:
+            # This repeated parse_version and str() conversion is needed to
+            # handle different vendoring sources from pip and pkg_resources.
+            # If we stop using the pkg_resources provided specifier and start
+            # using our own, we can drop the cast to str().
+            return (
+                ", ".join(
+                    sorted(
+                        {str(c.version) for c in cand_iter},
+                        key=parse_version,
+                    )
+                )
+                or "none"
+            )
+
+        if installed_version is None and best_candidate is None:
+            logger.critical(
+                "Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement %s "
+                "(from versions: %s)",
+                req,
+                _format_versions(best_candidate_result.iter_all()),
+            )
+
+            raise DistributionNotFound(
+                "No matching distribution found for {}".format(req)
+            )
+
+        best_installed = False
+        if installed_version and (
+            best_candidate is None or best_candidate.version <= installed_version
+        ):
+            best_installed = True
+
+        if not upgrade and installed_version is not None:
+            if best_installed:
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Existing installed version (%s) is most up-to-date and "
+                    "satisfies requirement",
+                    installed_version,
+                )
+            else:
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Existing installed version (%s) satisfies requirement "
+                    "(most up-to-date version is %s)",
+                    installed_version,
+                    best_candidate.version,
+                )
+            return None
+
+        if best_installed:
+            # We have an existing version, and its the best version
+            logger.debug(
+                "Installed version (%s) is most up-to-date (past versions: %s)",
+                installed_version,
+                _format_versions(best_candidate_result.iter_applicable()),
+            )
+            raise BestVersionAlreadyInstalled
+
+        logger.debug(
+            "Using version %s (newest of versions: %s)",
+            best_candidate.version,
+            _format_versions(best_candidate_result.iter_applicable()),
+        )
+        return best_candidate
+
+
+def _find_name_version_sep(fragment: str, canonical_name: str) -> int:
+    """Find the separator's index based on the package's canonical name.
+
+    :param fragment: A <package>+<version> filename "fragment" (stem) or
+        egg fragment.
+    :param canonical_name: The package's canonical name.
+
+    This function is needed since the canonicalized name does not necessarily
+    have the same length as the egg info's name part. An example::
+
+    >>> fragment = 'foo__bar-1.0'
+    >>> canonical_name = 'foo-bar'
+    >>> _find_name_version_sep(fragment, canonical_name)
+    8
+    """
+    # Project name and version must be separated by one single dash. Find all
+    # occurrences of dashes; if the string in front of it matches the canonical
+    # name, this is the one separating the name and version parts.
+    for i, c in enumerate(fragment):
+        if c != "-":
+            continue
+        if canonicalize_name(fragment[:i]) == canonical_name:
+            return i
+    raise ValueError(f"{fragment} does not match {canonical_name}")
+
+
+def _extract_version_from_fragment(fragment: str, canonical_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Parse the version string from a <package>+<version> filename
+    "fragment" (stem) or egg fragment.
+
+    :param fragment: The string to parse. E.g. foo-2.1
+    :param canonical_name: The canonicalized name of the package this
+        belongs to.
+    """
+    try:
+        version_start = _find_name_version_sep(fragment, canonical_name) + 1
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+    version = fragment[version_start:]
+    if not version:
+        return None
+    return version
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/sources.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/sources.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eec3f12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/index/sources.py
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+import logging
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import pathlib
+from typing import Callable, Iterable, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.models.candidate import InstallationCandidate
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import path_to_url, url_to_path
+from pip._internal.vcs import is_url
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+FoundCandidates = Iterable[InstallationCandidate]
+FoundLinks = Iterable[Link]
+CandidatesFromPage = Callable[[Link], Iterable[InstallationCandidate]]
+PageValidator = Callable[[Link], bool]
+
+
+class LinkSource:
+    @property
+    def link(self) -> Optional[Link]:
+        """Returns the underlying link, if there's one."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def page_candidates(self) -> FoundCandidates:
+        """Candidates found by parsing an archive listing HTML file."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def file_links(self) -> FoundLinks:
+        """Links found by specifying archives directly."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+def _is_html_file(file_url: str) -> bool:
+    return mimetypes.guess_type(file_url, strict=False)[0] == "text/html"
+
+
+class _FlatDirectorySource(LinkSource):
+    """Link source specified by ``--find-links=<path-to-dir>``.
+
+    This looks the content of the directory, and returns:
+
+    * ``page_candidates``: Links listed on each HTML file in the directory.
+    * ``file_candidates``: Archives in the directory.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        candidates_from_page: CandidatesFromPage,
+        path: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._candidates_from_page = candidates_from_page
+        self._path = pathlib.Path(os.path.realpath(path))
+
+    @property
+    def link(self) -> Optional[Link]:
+        return None
+
+    def page_candidates(self) -> FoundCandidates:
+        for path in self._path.iterdir():
+            url = path_to_url(str(path))
+            if not _is_html_file(url):
+                continue
+            yield from self._candidates_from_page(Link(url))
+
+    def file_links(self) -> FoundLinks:
+        for path in self._path.iterdir():
+            url = path_to_url(str(path))
+            if _is_html_file(url):
+                continue
+            yield Link(url)
+
+
+class _LocalFileSource(LinkSource):
+    """``--find-links=<path-or-url>`` or ``--[extra-]index-url=<path-or-url>``.
+
+    If a URL is supplied, it must be a ``file:`` URL. If a path is supplied to
+    the option, it is converted to a URL first. This returns:
+
+    * ``page_candidates``: Links listed on an HTML file.
+    * ``file_candidates``: The non-HTML file.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        candidates_from_page: CandidatesFromPage,
+        link: Link,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._candidates_from_page = candidates_from_page
+        self._link = link
+
+    @property
+    def link(self) -> Optional[Link]:
+        return self._link
+
+    def page_candidates(self) -> FoundCandidates:
+        if not _is_html_file(self._link.url):
+            return
+        yield from self._candidates_from_page(self._link)
+
+    def file_links(self) -> FoundLinks:
+        if _is_html_file(self._link.url):
+            return
+        yield self._link
+
+
+class _RemoteFileSource(LinkSource):
+    """``--find-links=<url>`` or ``--[extra-]index-url=<url>``.
+
+    This returns:
+
+    * ``page_candidates``: Links listed on an HTML file.
+    * ``file_candidates``: The non-HTML file.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        candidates_from_page: CandidatesFromPage,
+        page_validator: PageValidator,
+        link: Link,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._candidates_from_page = candidates_from_page
+        self._page_validator = page_validator
+        self._link = link
+
+    @property
+    def link(self) -> Optional[Link]:
+        return self._link
+
+    def page_candidates(self) -> FoundCandidates:
+        if not self._page_validator(self._link):
+            return
+        yield from self._candidates_from_page(self._link)
+
+    def file_links(self) -> FoundLinks:
+        yield self._link
+
+
+class _IndexDirectorySource(LinkSource):
+    """``--[extra-]index-url=<path-to-directory>``.
+
+    This is treated like a remote URL; ``candidates_from_page`` contains logic
+    for this by appending ``index.html`` to the link.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        candidates_from_page: CandidatesFromPage,
+        link: Link,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._candidates_from_page = candidates_from_page
+        self._link = link
+
+    @property
+    def link(self) -> Optional[Link]:
+        return self._link
+
+    def page_candidates(self) -> FoundCandidates:
+        yield from self._candidates_from_page(self._link)
+
+    def file_links(self) -> FoundLinks:
+        return ()
+
+
+def build_source(
+    location: str,
+    *,
+    candidates_from_page: CandidatesFromPage,
+    page_validator: PageValidator,
+    expand_dir: bool,
+    cache_link_parsing: bool,
+) -> Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[LinkSource]]:
+
+    path: Optional[str] = None
+    url: Optional[str] = None
+    if os.path.exists(location):  # Is a local path.
+        url = path_to_url(location)
+        path = location
+    elif location.startswith("file:"):  # A file: URL.
+        url = location
+        path = url_to_path(location)
+    elif is_url(location):
+        url = location
+
+    if url is None:
+        msg = (
+            "Location '%s' is ignored: "
+            "it is either a non-existing path or lacks a specific scheme."
+        )
+        logger.warning(msg, location)
+        return (None, None)
+
+    if path is None:
+        source: LinkSource = _RemoteFileSource(
+            candidates_from_page=candidates_from_page,
+            page_validator=page_validator,
+            link=Link(url, cache_link_parsing=cache_link_parsing),
+        )
+        return (url, source)
+
+    if os.path.isdir(path):
+        if expand_dir:
+            source = _FlatDirectorySource(
+                candidates_from_page=candidates_from_page,
+                path=path,
+            )
+        else:
+            source = _IndexDirectorySource(
+                candidates_from_page=candidates_from_page,
+                link=Link(url, cache_link_parsing=cache_link_parsing),
+            )
+        return (url, source)
+    elif os.path.isfile(path):
+        source = _LocalFileSource(
+            candidates_from_page=candidates_from_page,
+            link=Link(url, cache_link_parsing=cache_link_parsing),
+        )
+        return (url, source)
+    logger.warning(
+        "Location '%s' is ignored: it is neither a file nor a directory.",
+        location,
+    )
+    return (url, None)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac0c166
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,520 @@
+import functools
+import logging
+import os
+import pathlib
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterator, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.models.scheme import SCHEME_KEYS, Scheme
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.deprecation import deprecated
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv
+
+from . import _distutils, _sysconfig
+from .base import (
+    USER_CACHE_DIR,
+    get_major_minor_version,
+    get_src_prefix,
+    is_osx_framework,
+    site_packages,
+    user_site,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "USER_CACHE_DIR",
+    "get_bin_prefix",
+    "get_bin_user",
+    "get_major_minor_version",
+    "get_platlib",
+    "get_prefixed_libs",
+    "get_purelib",
+    "get_scheme",
+    "get_src_prefix",
+    "site_packages",
+    "user_site",
+]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+_PLATLIBDIR: str = getattr(sys, "platlibdir", "lib")
+
+_USE_SYSCONFIG_DEFAULT = sys.version_info >= (3, 10)
+
+
+def _should_use_sysconfig() -> bool:
+    """This function determines the value of _USE_SYSCONFIG.
+
+    By default, pip uses sysconfig on Python 3.10+.
+    But Python distributors can override this decision by setting:
+        sysconfig._PIP_USE_SYSCONFIG = True / False
+    Rationale in https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/10647
+
+    This is a function for testability, but should be constant during any one
+    run.
+    """
+    return bool(getattr(sysconfig, "_PIP_USE_SYSCONFIG", _USE_SYSCONFIG_DEFAULT))
+
+
+_USE_SYSCONFIG = _should_use_sysconfig()
+
+# Be noisy about incompatibilities if this platforms "should" be using
+# sysconfig, but is explicitly opting out and using distutils instead.
+if _USE_SYSCONFIG_DEFAULT and not _USE_SYSCONFIG:
+    _MISMATCH_LEVEL = logging.WARNING
+else:
+    _MISMATCH_LEVEL = logging.DEBUG
+
+
+def _looks_like_bpo_44860() -> bool:
+    """The resolution to bpo-44860 will change this incorrect platlib.
+
+    See <https://bugs.python.org/issue44860>.
+    """
+    from distutils.command.install import INSTALL_SCHEMES  # type: ignore
+
+    try:
+        unix_user_platlib = INSTALL_SCHEMES["unix_user"]["platlib"]
+    except KeyError:
+        return False
+    return unix_user_platlib == "$usersite"
+
+
+def _looks_like_red_hat_patched_platlib_purelib(scheme: Dict[str, str]) -> bool:
+    platlib = scheme["platlib"]
+    if "/$platlibdir/" in platlib:
+        platlib = platlib.replace("/$platlibdir/", f"/{_PLATLIBDIR}/")
+    if "/lib64/" not in platlib:
+        return False
+    unpatched = platlib.replace("/lib64/", "/lib/")
+    return unpatched.replace("$platbase/", "$base/") == scheme["purelib"]
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _looks_like_red_hat_lib() -> bool:
+    """Red Hat patches platlib in unix_prefix and unix_home, but not purelib.
+
+    This is the only way I can see to tell a Red Hat-patched Python.
+    """
+    from distutils.command.install import INSTALL_SCHEMES  # type: ignore
+
+    return all(
+        k in INSTALL_SCHEMES
+        and _looks_like_red_hat_patched_platlib_purelib(INSTALL_SCHEMES[k])
+        for k in ("unix_prefix", "unix_home")
+    )
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _looks_like_debian_scheme() -> bool:
+    """Debian adds two additional schemes."""
+    from distutils.command.install import INSTALL_SCHEMES  # type: ignore
+
+    return "deb_system" in INSTALL_SCHEMES and "unix_local" in INSTALL_SCHEMES
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _looks_like_red_hat_scheme() -> bool:
+    """Red Hat patches ``sys.prefix`` and ``sys.exec_prefix``.
+
+    Red Hat's ``00251-change-user-install-location.patch`` changes the install
+    command's ``prefix`` and ``exec_prefix`` to append ``"/local"``. This is
+    (fortunately?) done quite unconditionally, so we create a default command
+    object without any configuration to detect this.
+    """
+    from distutils.command.install import install
+    from distutils.dist import Distribution
+
+    cmd: Any = install(Distribution())
+    cmd.finalize_options()
+    return (
+        cmd.exec_prefix == f"{os.path.normpath(sys.exec_prefix)}/local"
+        and cmd.prefix == f"{os.path.normpath(sys.prefix)}/local"
+    )
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _looks_like_slackware_scheme() -> bool:
+    """Slackware patches sysconfig but fails to patch distutils and site.
+
+    Slackware changes sysconfig's user scheme to use ``"lib64"`` for the lib
+    path, but does not do the same to the site module.
+    """
+    if user_site is None:  # User-site not available.
+        return False
+    try:
+        paths = sysconfig.get_paths(scheme="posix_user", expand=False)
+    except KeyError:  # User-site not available.
+        return False
+    return "/lib64/" in paths["purelib"] and "/lib64/" not in user_site
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _looks_like_msys2_mingw_scheme() -> bool:
+    """MSYS2 patches distutils and sysconfig to use a UNIX-like scheme.
+
+    However, MSYS2 incorrectly patches sysconfig ``nt`` scheme. The fix is
+    likely going to be included in their 3.10 release, so we ignore the warning.
+    See msys2/MINGW-packages#9319.
+
+    MSYS2 MINGW's patch uses lowercase ``"lib"`` instead of the usual uppercase,
+    and is missing the final ``"site-packages"``.
+    """
+    paths = sysconfig.get_paths("nt", expand=False)
+    return all(
+        "Lib" not in p and "lib" in p and not p.endswith("site-packages")
+        for p in (paths[key] for key in ("platlib", "purelib"))
+    )
+
+
+def _fix_abiflags(parts: Tuple[str]) -> Iterator[str]:
+    ldversion = sysconfig.get_config_var("LDVERSION")
+    abiflags: str = getattr(sys, "abiflags", None)
+
+    # LDVERSION does not end with sys.abiflags. Just return the path unchanged.
+    if not ldversion or not abiflags or not ldversion.endswith(abiflags):
+        yield from parts
+        return
+
+    # Strip sys.abiflags from LDVERSION-based path components.
+    for part in parts:
+        if part.endswith(ldversion):
+            part = part[: (0 - len(abiflags))]
+        yield part
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _warn_mismatched(old: pathlib.Path, new: pathlib.Path, *, key: str) -> None:
+    issue_url = "https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/10151"
+    message = (
+        "Value for %s does not match. Please report this to <%s>"
+        "\ndistutils: %s"
+        "\nsysconfig: %s"
+    )
+    logger.log(_MISMATCH_LEVEL, message, key, issue_url, old, new)
+
+
+def _warn_if_mismatch(old: pathlib.Path, new: pathlib.Path, *, key: str) -> bool:
+    if old == new:
+        return False
+    _warn_mismatched(old, new, key=key)
+    return True
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _log_context(
+    *,
+    user: bool = False,
+    home: Optional[str] = None,
+    root: Optional[str] = None,
+    prefix: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> None:
+    parts = [
+        "Additional context:",
+        "user = %r",
+        "home = %r",
+        "root = %r",
+        "prefix = %r",
+    ]
+
+    logger.log(_MISMATCH_LEVEL, "\n".join(parts), user, home, root, prefix)
+
+
+def get_scheme(
+    dist_name: str,
+    user: bool = False,
+    home: Optional[str] = None,
+    root: Optional[str] = None,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    prefix: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Scheme:
+    new = _sysconfig.get_scheme(
+        dist_name,
+        user=user,
+        home=home,
+        root=root,
+        isolated=isolated,
+        prefix=prefix,
+    )
+    if _USE_SYSCONFIG:
+        return new
+
+    old = _distutils.get_scheme(
+        dist_name,
+        user=user,
+        home=home,
+        root=root,
+        isolated=isolated,
+        prefix=prefix,
+    )
+
+    warning_contexts = []
+    for k in SCHEME_KEYS:
+        old_v = pathlib.Path(getattr(old, k))
+        new_v = pathlib.Path(getattr(new, k))
+
+        if old_v == new_v:
+            continue
+
+        # distutils incorrectly put PyPy packages under ``site-packages/python``
+        # in the ``posix_home`` scheme, but PyPy devs said they expect the
+        # directory name to be ``pypy`` instead. So we treat this as a bug fix
+        # and not warn about it. See bpo-43307 and python/cpython#24628.
+        skip_pypy_special_case = (
+            sys.implementation.name == "pypy"
+            and home is not None
+            and k in ("platlib", "purelib")
+            and old_v.parent == new_v.parent
+            and old_v.name.startswith("python")
+            and new_v.name.startswith("pypy")
+        )
+        if skip_pypy_special_case:
+            continue
+
+        # sysconfig's ``osx_framework_user`` does not include ``pythonX.Y`` in
+        # the ``include`` value, but distutils's ``headers`` does. We'll let
+        # CPython decide whether this is a bug or feature. See bpo-43948.
+        skip_osx_framework_user_special_case = (
+            user
+            and is_osx_framework()
+            and k == "headers"
+            and old_v.parent.parent == new_v.parent
+            and old_v.parent.name.startswith("python")
+        )
+        if skip_osx_framework_user_special_case:
+            continue
+
+        # On Red Hat and derived Linux distributions, distutils is patched to
+        # use "lib64" instead of "lib" for platlib.
+        if k == "platlib" and _looks_like_red_hat_lib():
+            continue
+
+        # On Python 3.9+, sysconfig's posix_user scheme sets platlib against
+        # sys.platlibdir, but distutils's unix_user incorrectly coninutes
+        # using the same $usersite for both platlib and purelib. This creates a
+        # mismatch when sys.platlibdir is not "lib".
+        skip_bpo_44860 = (
+            user
+            and k == "platlib"
+            and not WINDOWS
+            and sys.version_info >= (3, 9)
+            and _PLATLIBDIR != "lib"
+            and _looks_like_bpo_44860()
+        )
+        if skip_bpo_44860:
+            continue
+
+        # Slackware incorrectly patches posix_user to use lib64 instead of lib,
+        # but not usersite to match the location.
+        skip_slackware_user_scheme = (
+            user
+            and k in ("platlib", "purelib")
+            and not WINDOWS
+            and _looks_like_slackware_scheme()
+        )
+        if skip_slackware_user_scheme:
+            continue
+
+        # Both Debian and Red Hat patch Python to place the system site under
+        # /usr/local instead of /usr. Debian also places lib in dist-packages
+        # instead of site-packages, but the /usr/local check should cover it.
+        skip_linux_system_special_case = (
+            not (user or home or prefix or running_under_virtualenv())
+            and old_v.parts[1:3] == ("usr", "local")
+            and len(new_v.parts) > 1
+            and new_v.parts[1] == "usr"
+            and (len(new_v.parts) < 3 or new_v.parts[2] != "local")
+            and (_looks_like_red_hat_scheme() or _looks_like_debian_scheme())
+        )
+        if skip_linux_system_special_case:
+            continue
+
+        # On Python 3.7 and earlier, sysconfig does not include sys.abiflags in
+        # the "pythonX.Y" part of the path, but distutils does.
+        skip_sysconfig_abiflag_bug = (
+            sys.version_info < (3, 8)
+            and not WINDOWS
+            and k in ("headers", "platlib", "purelib")
+            and tuple(_fix_abiflags(old_v.parts)) == new_v.parts
+        )
+        if skip_sysconfig_abiflag_bug:
+            continue
+
+        # MSYS2 MINGW's sysconfig patch does not include the "site-packages"
+        # part of the path. This is incorrect and will be fixed in MSYS.
+        skip_msys2_mingw_bug = (
+            WINDOWS and k in ("platlib", "purelib") and _looks_like_msys2_mingw_scheme()
+        )
+        if skip_msys2_mingw_bug:
+            continue
+
+        # CPython's POSIX install script invokes pip (via ensurepip) against the
+        # interpreter located in the source tree, not the install site. This
+        # triggers special logic in sysconfig that's not present in distutils.
+        # https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/8c21941ddaf/Lib/sysconfig.py#L178-L194
+        skip_cpython_build = (
+            sysconfig.is_python_build(check_home=True)
+            and not WINDOWS
+            and k in ("headers", "include", "platinclude")
+        )
+        if skip_cpython_build:
+            continue
+
+        warning_contexts.append((old_v, new_v, f"scheme.{k}"))
+
+    if not warning_contexts:
+        return old
+
+    # Check if this path mismatch is caused by distutils config files. Those
+    # files will no longer work once we switch to sysconfig, so this raises a
+    # deprecation message for them.
+    default_old = _distutils.distutils_scheme(
+        dist_name,
+        user,
+        home,
+        root,
+        isolated,
+        prefix,
+        ignore_config_files=True,
+    )
+    if any(default_old[k] != getattr(old, k) for k in SCHEME_KEYS):
+        deprecated(
+            reason=(
+                "Configuring installation scheme with distutils config files "
+                "is deprecated and will no longer work in the near future. If you "
+                "are using a Homebrew or Linuxbrew Python, please see discussion "
+                "at https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/issues/76621"
+            ),
+            replacement=None,
+            gone_in=None,
+        )
+        return old
+
+    # Post warnings about this mismatch so user can report them back.
+    for old_v, new_v, key in warning_contexts:
+        _warn_mismatched(old_v, new_v, key=key)
+    _log_context(user=user, home=home, root=root, prefix=prefix)
+
+    return old
+
+
+def get_bin_prefix() -> str:
+    new = _sysconfig.get_bin_prefix()
+    if _USE_SYSCONFIG:
+        return new
+
+    old = _distutils.get_bin_prefix()
+    if _warn_if_mismatch(pathlib.Path(old), pathlib.Path(new), key="bin_prefix"):
+        _log_context()
+    return old
+
+
+def get_bin_user() -> str:
+    return _sysconfig.get_scheme("", user=True).scripts
+
+
+def _looks_like_deb_system_dist_packages(value: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if the value is Debian's APT-controlled dist-packages.
+
+    Debian's ``distutils.sysconfig.get_python_lib()`` implementation returns the
+    default package path controlled by APT, but does not patch ``sysconfig`` to
+    do the same. This is similar to the bug worked around in ``get_scheme()``,
+    but here the default is ``deb_system`` instead of ``unix_local``. Ultimately
+    we can't do anything about this Debian bug, and this detection allows us to
+    skip the warning when needed.
+    """
+    if not _looks_like_debian_scheme():
+        return False
+    if value == "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages":
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def get_purelib() -> str:
+    """Return the default pure-Python lib location."""
+    new = _sysconfig.get_purelib()
+    if _USE_SYSCONFIG:
+        return new
+
+    old = _distutils.get_purelib()
+    if _looks_like_deb_system_dist_packages(old):
+        return old
+    if _warn_if_mismatch(pathlib.Path(old), pathlib.Path(new), key="purelib"):
+        _log_context()
+    return old
+
+
+def get_platlib() -> str:
+    """Return the default platform-shared lib location."""
+    new = _sysconfig.get_platlib()
+    if _USE_SYSCONFIG:
+        return new
+
+    old = _distutils.get_platlib()
+    if _looks_like_deb_system_dist_packages(old):
+        return old
+    if _warn_if_mismatch(pathlib.Path(old), pathlib.Path(new), key="platlib"):
+        _log_context()
+    return old
+
+
+def _deduplicated(v1: str, v2: str) -> List[str]:
+    """Deduplicate values from a list."""
+    if v1 == v2:
+        return [v1]
+    return [v1, v2]
+
+
+def _looks_like_apple_library(path: str) -> bool:
+    """Apple patches sysconfig to *always* look under */Library/Python*."""
+    if sys.platform[:6] != "darwin":
+        return False
+    return path == f"/Library/Python/{get_major_minor_version()}/site-packages"
+
+
+def get_prefixed_libs(prefix: str) -> List[str]:
+    """Return the lib locations under ``prefix``."""
+    new_pure, new_plat = _sysconfig.get_prefixed_libs(prefix)
+    if _USE_SYSCONFIG:
+        return _deduplicated(new_pure, new_plat)
+
+    old_pure, old_plat = _distutils.get_prefixed_libs(prefix)
+    old_lib_paths = _deduplicated(old_pure, old_plat)
+
+    # Apple's Python (shipped with Xcode and Command Line Tools) hard-code
+    # platlib and purelib to '/Library/Python/X.Y/site-packages'. This will
+    # cause serious build isolation bugs when Apple starts shipping 3.10 because
+    # pip will install build backends to the wrong location. This tells users
+    # who is at fault so Apple may notice it and fix the issue in time.
+    if all(_looks_like_apple_library(p) for p in old_lib_paths):
+        deprecated(
+            reason=(
+                "Python distributed by Apple's Command Line Tools incorrectly "
+                "patches sysconfig to always point to '/Library/Python'. This "
+                "will cause build isolation to operate incorrectly on Python "
+                "3.10 or later. Please help report this to Apple so they can "
+                "fix this. https://developer.apple.com/bug-reporting/"
+            ),
+            replacement=None,
+            gone_in=None,
+        )
+        return old_lib_paths
+
+    warned = [
+        _warn_if_mismatch(
+            pathlib.Path(old_pure),
+            pathlib.Path(new_pure),
+            key="prefixed-purelib",
+        ),
+        _warn_if_mismatch(
+            pathlib.Path(old_plat),
+            pathlib.Path(new_plat),
+            key="prefixed-platlib",
+        ),
+    ]
+    if any(warned):
+        _log_context(prefix=prefix)
+
+    return old_lib_paths
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/_distutils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/_distutils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ec79e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/_distutils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+"""Locations where we look for configs, install stuff, etc"""
+
+# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
+# mypy: strict-optional=False
+
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+from distutils.cmd import Command as DistutilsCommand
+from distutils.command.install import SCHEME_KEYS
+from distutils.command.install import install as distutils_install_command
+from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+from pip._internal.models.scheme import Scheme
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv
+
+from .base import get_major_minor_version
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def distutils_scheme(
+    dist_name: str,
+    user: bool = False,
+    home: str = None,
+    root: str = None,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    prefix: str = None,
+    *,
+    ignore_config_files: bool = False,
+) -> Dict[str, str]:
+    """
+    Return a distutils install scheme
+    """
+    from distutils.dist import Distribution
+
+    dist_args: Dict[str, Union[str, List[str]]] = {"name": dist_name}
+    if isolated:
+        dist_args["script_args"] = ["--no-user-cfg"]
+
+    d = Distribution(dist_args)
+    if not ignore_config_files:
+        try:
+            d.parse_config_files()
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            # Typeshed does not include find_config_files() for some reason.
+            paths = d.find_config_files()  # type: ignore
+            logger.warning(
+                "Ignore distutils configs in %s due to encoding errors.",
+                ", ".join(os.path.basename(p) for p in paths),
+            )
+    obj: Optional[DistutilsCommand] = None
+    obj = d.get_command_obj("install", create=True)
+    assert obj is not None
+    i = cast(distutils_install_command, obj)
+    # NOTE: setting user or home has the side-effect of creating the home dir
+    # or user base for installations during finalize_options()
+    # ideally, we'd prefer a scheme class that has no side-effects.
+    assert not (user and prefix), f"user={user} prefix={prefix}"
+    assert not (home and prefix), f"home={home} prefix={prefix}"
+    i.user = user or i.user
+    if user or home:
+        i.prefix = ""
+    i.prefix = prefix or i.prefix
+    i.home = home or i.home
+    i.root = root or i.root
+    i.finalize_options()
+
+    scheme = {}
+    for key in SCHEME_KEYS:
+        scheme[key] = getattr(i, "install_" + key)
+
+    # install_lib specified in setup.cfg should install *everything*
+    # into there (i.e. it takes precedence over both purelib and
+    # platlib).  Note, i.install_lib is *always* set after
+    # finalize_options(); we only want to override here if the user
+    # has explicitly requested it hence going back to the config
+    if "install_lib" in d.get_option_dict("install"):
+        scheme.update(dict(purelib=i.install_lib, platlib=i.install_lib))
+
+    if running_under_virtualenv():
+        if home:
+            prefix = home
+        elif user:
+            prefix = i.install_userbase  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            prefix = i.prefix
+        scheme["headers"] = os.path.join(
+            prefix,
+            "include",
+            "site",
+            f"python{get_major_minor_version()}",
+            dist_name,
+        )
+
+        if root is not None:
+            path_no_drive = os.path.splitdrive(os.path.abspath(scheme["headers"]))[1]
+            scheme["headers"] = os.path.join(root, path_no_drive[1:])
+
+    return scheme
+
+
+def get_scheme(
+    dist_name: str,
+    user: bool = False,
+    home: Optional[str] = None,
+    root: Optional[str] = None,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    prefix: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Scheme:
+    """
+    Get the "scheme" corresponding to the input parameters. The distutils
+    documentation provides the context for the available schemes:
+    https://docs.python.org/3/install/index.html#alternate-installation
+
+    :param dist_name: the name of the package to retrieve the scheme for, used
+        in the headers scheme path
+    :param user: indicates to use the "user" scheme
+    :param home: indicates to use the "home" scheme and provides the base
+        directory for the same
+    :param root: root under which other directories are re-based
+    :param isolated: equivalent to --no-user-cfg, i.e. do not consider
+        ~/.pydistutils.cfg (posix) or ~/pydistutils.cfg (non-posix) for
+        scheme paths
+    :param prefix: indicates to use the "prefix" scheme and provides the
+        base directory for the same
+    """
+    scheme = distutils_scheme(dist_name, user, home, root, isolated, prefix)
+    return Scheme(
+        platlib=scheme["platlib"],
+        purelib=scheme["purelib"],
+        headers=scheme["headers"],
+        scripts=scheme["scripts"],
+        data=scheme["data"],
+    )
+
+
+def get_bin_prefix() -> str:
+    # XXX: In old virtualenv versions, sys.prefix can contain '..' components,
+    # so we need to call normpath to eliminate them.
+    prefix = os.path.normpath(sys.prefix)
+    if WINDOWS:
+        bin_py = os.path.join(prefix, "Scripts")
+        # buildout uses 'bin' on Windows too?
+        if not os.path.exists(bin_py):
+            bin_py = os.path.join(prefix, "bin")
+        return bin_py
+    # Forcing to use /usr/local/bin for standard macOS framework installs
+    # Also log to ~/Library/Logs/ for use with the Console.app log viewer
+    if sys.platform[:6] == "darwin" and prefix[:16] == "/System/Library/":
+        return "/usr/local/bin"
+    return os.path.join(prefix, "bin")
+
+
+def get_purelib() -> str:
+    return get_python_lib(plat_specific=False)
+
+
+def get_platlib() -> str:
+    return get_python_lib(plat_specific=True)
+
+
+def get_prefixed_libs(prefix: str) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    return (
+        get_python_lib(plat_specific=False, prefix=prefix),
+        get_python_lib(plat_specific=True, prefix=prefix),
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/_sysconfig.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/_sysconfig.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e141aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/_sysconfig.py
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+import distutils.util  # FIXME: For change_root.
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+import typing
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InvalidSchemeCombination, UserInstallationInvalid
+from pip._internal.models.scheme import SCHEME_KEYS, Scheme
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv
+
+from .base import get_major_minor_version, is_osx_framework
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# Notes on _infer_* functions.
+# Unfortunately ``get_default_scheme()`` didn't exist before 3.10, so there's no
+# way to ask things like "what is the '_prefix' scheme on this platform". These
+# functions try to answer that with some heuristics while accounting for ad-hoc
+# platforms not covered by CPython's default sysconfig implementation. If the
+# ad-hoc implementation does not fully implement sysconfig, we'll fall back to
+# a POSIX scheme.
+
+_AVAILABLE_SCHEMES = set(sysconfig.get_scheme_names())
+
+_PREFERRED_SCHEME_API = getattr(sysconfig, "get_preferred_scheme", None)
+
+
+def _should_use_osx_framework_prefix() -> bool:
+    """Check for Apple's ``osx_framework_library`` scheme.
+
+    Python distributed by Apple's Command Line Tools has this special scheme
+    that's used when:
+
+    * This is a framework build.
+    * We are installing into the system prefix.
+
+    This does not account for ``pip install --prefix`` (also means we're not
+    installing to the system prefix), which should use ``posix_prefix``, but
+    logic here means ``_infer_prefix()`` outputs ``osx_framework_library``. But
+    since ``prefix`` is not available for ``sysconfig.get_default_scheme()``,
+    which is the stdlib replacement for ``_infer_prefix()``, presumably Apple
+    wouldn't be able to magically switch between ``osx_framework_library`` and
+    ``posix_prefix``. ``_infer_prefix()`` returning ``osx_framework_library``
+    means its behavior is consistent whether we use the stdlib implementation
+    or our own, and we deal with this special case in ``get_scheme()`` instead.
+    """
+    return (
+        "osx_framework_library" in _AVAILABLE_SCHEMES
+        and not running_under_virtualenv()
+        and is_osx_framework()
+    )
+
+
+def _infer_prefix() -> str:
+    """Try to find a prefix scheme for the current platform.
+
+    This tries:
+
+    * A special ``osx_framework_library`` for Python distributed by Apple's
+      Command Line Tools, when not running in a virtual environment.
+    * Implementation + OS, used by PyPy on Windows (``pypy_nt``).
+    * Implementation without OS, used by PyPy on POSIX (``pypy``).
+    * OS + "prefix", used by CPython on POSIX (``posix_prefix``).
+    * Just the OS name, used by CPython on Windows (``nt``).
+
+    If none of the above works, fall back to ``posix_prefix``.
+    """
+    if _PREFERRED_SCHEME_API:
+        return _PREFERRED_SCHEME_API("prefix")
+    if _should_use_osx_framework_prefix():
+        return "osx_framework_library"
+    implementation_suffixed = f"{sys.implementation.name}_{os.name}"
+    if implementation_suffixed in _AVAILABLE_SCHEMES:
+        return implementation_suffixed
+    if sys.implementation.name in _AVAILABLE_SCHEMES:
+        return sys.implementation.name
+    suffixed = f"{os.name}_prefix"
+    if suffixed in _AVAILABLE_SCHEMES:
+        return suffixed
+    if os.name in _AVAILABLE_SCHEMES:  # On Windows, prefx is just called "nt".
+        return os.name
+    return "posix_prefix"
+
+
+def _infer_user() -> str:
+    """Try to find a user scheme for the current platform."""
+    if _PREFERRED_SCHEME_API:
+        return _PREFERRED_SCHEME_API("user")
+    if is_osx_framework() and not running_under_virtualenv():
+        suffixed = "osx_framework_user"
+    else:
+        suffixed = f"{os.name}_user"
+    if suffixed in _AVAILABLE_SCHEMES:
+        return suffixed
+    if "posix_user" not in _AVAILABLE_SCHEMES:  # User scheme unavailable.
+        raise UserInstallationInvalid()
+    return "posix_user"
+
+
+def _infer_home() -> str:
+    """Try to find a home for the current platform."""
+    if _PREFERRED_SCHEME_API:
+        return _PREFERRED_SCHEME_API("home")
+    suffixed = f"{os.name}_home"
+    if suffixed in _AVAILABLE_SCHEMES:
+        return suffixed
+    return "posix_home"
+
+
+# Update these keys if the user sets a custom home.
+_HOME_KEYS = [
+    "installed_base",
+    "base",
+    "installed_platbase",
+    "platbase",
+    "prefix",
+    "exec_prefix",
+]
+if sysconfig.get_config_var("userbase") is not None:
+    _HOME_KEYS.append("userbase")
+
+
+def get_scheme(
+    dist_name: str,
+    user: bool = False,
+    home: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+    root: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    prefix: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Scheme:
+    """
+    Get the "scheme" corresponding to the input parameters.
+
+    :param dist_name: the name of the package to retrieve the scheme for, used
+        in the headers scheme path
+    :param user: indicates to use the "user" scheme
+    :param home: indicates to use the "home" scheme
+    :param root: root under which other directories are re-based
+    :param isolated: ignored, but kept for distutils compatibility (where
+        this controls whether the user-site pydistutils.cfg is honored)
+    :param prefix: indicates to use the "prefix" scheme and provides the
+        base directory for the same
+    """
+    if user and prefix:
+        raise InvalidSchemeCombination("--user", "--prefix")
+    if home and prefix:
+        raise InvalidSchemeCombination("--home", "--prefix")
+
+    if home is not None:
+        scheme_name = _infer_home()
+    elif user:
+        scheme_name = _infer_user()
+    else:
+        scheme_name = _infer_prefix()
+
+    # Special case: When installing into a custom prefix, use posix_prefix
+    # instead of osx_framework_library. See _should_use_osx_framework_prefix()
+    # docstring for details.
+    if prefix is not None and scheme_name == "osx_framework_library":
+        scheme_name = "posix_prefix"
+
+    if home is not None:
+        variables = {k: home for k in _HOME_KEYS}
+    elif prefix is not None:
+        variables = {k: prefix for k in _HOME_KEYS}
+    else:
+        variables = {}
+
+    paths = sysconfig.get_paths(scheme=scheme_name, vars=variables)
+
+    # Logic here is very arbitrary, we're doing it for compatibility, don't ask.
+    # 1. Pip historically uses a special header path in virtual environments.
+    # 2. If the distribution name is not known, distutils uses 'UNKNOWN'. We
+    #    only do the same when not running in a virtual environment because
+    #    pip's historical header path logic (see point 1) did not do this.
+    if running_under_virtualenv():
+        if user:
+            base = variables.get("userbase", sys.prefix)
+        else:
+            base = variables.get("base", sys.prefix)
+        python_xy = f"python{get_major_minor_version()}"
+        paths["include"] = os.path.join(base, "include", "site", python_xy)
+    elif not dist_name:
+        dist_name = "UNKNOWN"
+
+    scheme = Scheme(
+        platlib=paths["platlib"],
+        purelib=paths["purelib"],
+        headers=os.path.join(paths["include"], dist_name),
+        scripts=paths["scripts"],
+        data=paths["data"],
+    )
+    if root is not None:
+        for key in SCHEME_KEYS:
+            value = distutils.util.change_root(root, getattr(scheme, key))
+            setattr(scheme, key, value)
+    return scheme
+
+
+def get_bin_prefix() -> str:
+    # Forcing to use /usr/local/bin for standard macOS framework installs.
+    if sys.platform[:6] == "darwin" and sys.prefix[:16] == "/System/Library/":
+        return "/usr/local/bin"
+    return sysconfig.get_paths()["scripts"]
+
+
+def get_purelib() -> str:
+    return sysconfig.get_paths()["purelib"]
+
+
+def get_platlib() -> str:
+    return sysconfig.get_paths()["platlib"]
+
+
+def get_prefixed_libs(prefix: str) -> typing.Tuple[str, str]:
+    paths = sysconfig.get_paths(vars={"base": prefix, "platbase": prefix})
+    return (paths["purelib"], paths["platlib"])
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86dad4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import functools
+import os
+import site
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+import typing
+
+from pip._internal.utils import appdirs
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv
+
+# Application Directories
+USER_CACHE_DIR = appdirs.user_cache_dir("pip")
+
+# FIXME doesn't account for venv linked to global site-packages
+site_packages: typing.Optional[str] = sysconfig.get_path("purelib")
+
+
+def get_major_minor_version() -> str:
+    """
+    Return the major-minor version of the current Python as a string, e.g.
+    "3.7" or "3.10".
+    """
+    return "{}.{}".format(*sys.version_info)
+
+
+def get_src_prefix() -> str:
+    if running_under_virtualenv():
+        src_prefix = os.path.join(sys.prefix, "src")
+    else:
+        # FIXME: keep src in cwd for now (it is not a temporary folder)
+        try:
+            src_prefix = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "src")
+        except OSError:
+            # In case the current working directory has been renamed or deleted
+            sys.exit("The folder you are executing pip from can no longer be found.")
+
+    # under macOS + virtualenv sys.prefix is not properly resolved
+    # it is something like /path/to/python/bin/..
+    return os.path.abspath(src_prefix)
+
+
+try:
+    # Use getusersitepackages if this is present, as it ensures that the
+    # value is initialised properly.
+    user_site: typing.Optional[str] = site.getusersitepackages()
+except AttributeError:
+    user_site = site.USER_SITE
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def is_osx_framework() -> bool:
+    return bool(sysconfig.get_config_var("PYTHONFRAMEWORK"))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/main.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33c6d24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+
+def main(args: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> int:
+    """This is preserved for old console scripts that may still be referencing
+    it.
+
+    For additional details, see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/7498.
+    """
+    from pip._internal.utils.entrypoints import _wrapper
+
+    return _wrapper(args)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/metadata/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/metadata/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc037c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/metadata/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+from .base import BaseDistribution, BaseEnvironment, FilesystemWheel, MemoryWheel, Wheel
+
+__all__ = [
+    "BaseDistribution",
+    "BaseEnvironment",
+    "FilesystemWheel",
+    "MemoryWheel",
+    "Wheel",
+    "get_default_environment",
+    "get_environment",
+    "get_wheel_distribution",
+]
+
+
+def get_default_environment() -> BaseEnvironment:
+    """Get the default representation for the current environment.
+
+    This returns an Environment instance from the chosen backend. The default
+    Environment instance should be built from ``sys.path`` and may use caching
+    to share instance state accorss calls.
+    """
+    from .pkg_resources import Environment
+
+    return Environment.default()
+
+
+def get_environment(paths: Optional[List[str]]) -> BaseEnvironment:
+    """Get a representation of the environment specified by ``paths``.
+
+    This returns an Environment instance from the chosen backend based on the
+    given import paths. The backend must build a fresh instance representing
+    the state of installed distributions when this function is called.
+    """
+    from .pkg_resources import Environment
+
+    return Environment.from_paths(paths)
+
+
+def get_directory_distribution(directory: str) -> BaseDistribution:
+    """Get the distribution metadata representation in the specified directory.
+
+    This returns a Distribution instance from the chosen backend based on
+    the given on-disk ``.dist-info`` directory.
+    """
+    from .pkg_resources import Distribution
+
+    return Distribution.from_directory(directory)
+
+
+def get_wheel_distribution(wheel: Wheel, canonical_name: str) -> BaseDistribution:
+    """Get the representation of the specified wheel's distribution metadata.
+
+    This returns a Distribution instance from the chosen backend based on
+    the given wheel's ``.dist-info`` directory.
+
+    :param canonical_name: Normalized project name of the given wheel.
+    """
+    from .pkg_resources import Distribution
+
+    return Distribution.from_wheel(wheel, canonical_name)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/metadata/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/metadata/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a5a781
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/metadata/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,546 @@
+import csv
+import email.message
+import json
+import logging
+import pathlib
+import re
+import zipfile
+from typing import (
+    IO,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Collection,
+    Container,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import Requirement
+from pip._vendor.packaging.specifiers import InvalidSpecifier, SpecifierSet
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import NormalizedName
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import LegacyVersion, Version
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import NoneMetadataError
+from pip._internal.locations import site_packages, user_site
+from pip._internal.models.direct_url import (
+    DIRECT_URL_METADATA_NAME,
+    DirectUrl,
+    DirectUrlValidationError,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import stdlib_pkgs  # TODO: Move definition here.
+from pip._internal.utils.egg_link import (
+    egg_link_path_from_location,
+    egg_link_path_from_sys_path,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import is_local, normalize_path
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import url_to_path
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import Protocol
+else:
+    Protocol = object
+
+DistributionVersion = Union[LegacyVersion, Version]
+
+InfoPath = Union[str, pathlib.PurePosixPath]
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class BaseEntryPoint(Protocol):
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def value(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def group(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+def _convert_installed_files_path(
+    entry: Tuple[str, ...],
+    info: Tuple[str, ...],
+) -> str:
+    """Convert a legacy installed-files.txt path into modern RECORD path.
+
+    The legacy format stores paths relative to the info directory, while the
+    modern format stores paths relative to the package root, e.g. the
+    site-packages directory.
+
+    :param entry: Path parts of the installed-files.txt entry.
+    :param info: Path parts of the egg-info directory relative to package root.
+    :returns: The converted entry.
+
+    For best compatibility with symlinks, this does not use ``abspath()`` or
+    ``Path.resolve()``, but tries to work with path parts:
+
+    1. While ``entry`` starts with ``..``, remove the equal amounts of parts
+       from ``info``; if ``info`` is empty, start appending ``..`` instead.
+    2. Join the two directly.
+    """
+    while entry and entry[0] == "..":
+        if not info or info[-1] == "..":
+            info += ("..",)
+        else:
+            info = info[:-1]
+        entry = entry[1:]
+    return str(pathlib.Path(*info, *entry))
+
+
+class BaseDistribution(Protocol):
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.raw_name} {self.version} ({self.location})"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.raw_name} {self.version}"
+
+    @property
+    def location(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Where the distribution is loaded from.
+
+        A string value is not necessarily a filesystem path, since distributions
+        can be loaded from other sources, e.g. arbitrary zip archives. ``None``
+        means the distribution is created in-memory.
+
+        Do not canonicalize this value with e.g. ``pathlib.Path.resolve()``. If
+        this is a symbolic link, we want to preserve the relative path between
+        it and files in the distribution.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def editable_project_location(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """The project location for editable distributions.
+
+        This is the directory where pyproject.toml or setup.py is located.
+        None if the distribution is not installed in editable mode.
+        """
+        # TODO: this property is relatively costly to compute, memoize it ?
+        direct_url = self.direct_url
+        if direct_url:
+            if direct_url.is_local_editable():
+                return url_to_path(direct_url.url)
+        else:
+            # Search for an .egg-link file by walking sys.path, as it was
+            # done before by dist_is_editable().
+            egg_link_path = egg_link_path_from_sys_path(self.raw_name)
+            if egg_link_path:
+                # TODO: get project location from second line of egg_link file
+                #       (https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/10243)
+                return self.location
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def installed_location(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """The distribution's "installed" location.
+
+        This should generally be a ``site-packages`` directory. This is
+        usually ``dist.location``, except for legacy develop-installed packages,
+        where ``dist.location`` is the source code location, and this is where
+        the ``.egg-link`` file is.
+
+        The returned location is normalized (in particular, with symlinks removed).
+        """
+        egg_link = egg_link_path_from_location(self.raw_name)
+        if egg_link:
+            location = egg_link
+        elif self.location:
+            location = self.location
+        else:
+            return None
+        return normalize_path(location)
+
+    @property
+    def info_location(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Location of the .[egg|dist]-info directory or file.
+
+        Similarly to ``location``, a string value is not necessarily a
+        filesystem path. ``None`` means the distribution is created in-memory.
+
+        For a modern .dist-info installation on disk, this should be something
+        like ``{location}/{raw_name}-{version}.dist-info``.
+
+        Do not canonicalize this value with e.g. ``pathlib.Path.resolve()``. If
+        this is a symbolic link, we want to preserve the relative path between
+        it and other files in the distribution.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def installed_by_distutils(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether this distribution is installed with legacy distutils format.
+
+        A distribution installed with "raw" distutils not patched by setuptools
+        uses one single file at ``info_location`` to store metadata. We need to
+        treat this specially on uninstallation.
+        """
+        info_location = self.info_location
+        if not info_location:
+            return False
+        return pathlib.Path(info_location).is_file()
+
+    @property
+    def installed_as_egg(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether this distribution is installed as an egg.
+
+        This usually indicates the distribution was installed by (older versions
+        of) easy_install.
+        """
+        location = self.location
+        if not location:
+            return False
+        return location.endswith(".egg")
+
+    @property
+    def installed_with_setuptools_egg_info(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether this distribution is installed with the ``.egg-info`` format.
+
+        This usually indicates the distribution was installed with setuptools
+        with an old pip version or with ``single-version-externally-managed``.
+
+        Note that this ensure the metadata store is a directory. distutils can
+        also installs an ``.egg-info``, but as a file, not a directory. This
+        property is *False* for that case. Also see ``installed_by_distutils``.
+        """
+        info_location = self.info_location
+        if not info_location:
+            return False
+        if not info_location.endswith(".egg-info"):
+            return False
+        return pathlib.Path(info_location).is_dir()
+
+    @property
+    def installed_with_dist_info(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether this distribution is installed with the "modern format".
+
+        This indicates a "modern" installation, e.g. storing metadata in the
+        ``.dist-info`` directory. This applies to installations made by
+        setuptools (but through pip, not directly), or anything using the
+        standardized build backend interface (PEP 517).
+        """
+        info_location = self.info_location
+        if not info_location:
+            return False
+        if not info_location.endswith(".dist-info"):
+            return False
+        return pathlib.Path(info_location).is_dir()
+
+    @property
+    def canonical_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> DistributionVersion:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def setuptools_filename(self) -> str:
+        """Convert a project name to its setuptools-compatible filename.
+
+        This is a copy of ``pkg_resources.to_filename()`` for compatibility.
+        """
+        return self.raw_name.replace("-", "_")
+
+    @property
+    def direct_url(self) -> Optional[DirectUrl]:
+        """Obtain a DirectUrl from this distribution.
+
+        Returns None if the distribution has no `direct_url.json` metadata,
+        or if `direct_url.json` is invalid.
+        """
+        try:
+            content = self.read_text(DIRECT_URL_METADATA_NAME)
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return None
+        try:
+            return DirectUrl.from_json(content)
+        except (
+            UnicodeDecodeError,
+            json.JSONDecodeError,
+            DirectUrlValidationError,
+        ) as e:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Error parsing %s for %s: %s",
+                DIRECT_URL_METADATA_NAME,
+                self.canonical_name,
+                e,
+            )
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def installer(self) -> str:
+        try:
+            installer_text = self.read_text("INSTALLER")
+        except (OSError, ValueError, NoneMetadataError):
+            return ""  # Fail silently if the installer file cannot be read.
+        for line in installer_text.splitlines():
+            cleaned_line = line.strip()
+            if cleaned_line:
+                return cleaned_line
+        return ""
+
+    @property
+    def editable(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.editable_project_location)
+
+    @property
+    def local(self) -> bool:
+        """If distribution is installed in the current virtual environment.
+
+        Always True if we're not in a virtualenv.
+        """
+        if self.installed_location is None:
+            return False
+        return is_local(self.installed_location)
+
+    @property
+    def in_usersite(self) -> bool:
+        if self.installed_location is None or user_site is None:
+            return False
+        return self.installed_location.startswith(normalize_path(user_site))
+
+    @property
+    def in_site_packages(self) -> bool:
+        if self.installed_location is None or site_packages is None:
+            return False
+        return self.installed_location.startswith(normalize_path(site_packages))
+
+    def is_file(self, path: InfoPath) -> bool:
+        """Check whether an entry in the info directory is a file."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def iterdir(self, path: InfoPath) -> Iterator[pathlib.PurePosixPath]:
+        """Iterate through a directory in the info directory.
+
+        Each item yielded would be a path relative to the info directory.
+
+        :raise FileNotFoundError: If ``name`` does not exist in the directory.
+        :raise NotADirectoryError: If ``name`` does not point to a directory.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def read_text(self, path: InfoPath) -> str:
+        """Read a file in the info directory.
+
+        :raise FileNotFoundError: If ``name`` does not exist in the directory.
+        :raise NoneMetadataError: If ``name`` exists in the info directory, but
+            cannot be read.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def iter_entry_points(self) -> Iterable[BaseEntryPoint]:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def metadata(self) -> email.message.Message:
+        """Metadata of distribution parsed from e.g. METADATA or PKG-INFO.
+
+        This should return an empty message if the metadata file is unavailable.
+
+        :raises NoneMetadataError: If the metadata file is available, but does
+            not contain valid metadata.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def metadata_version(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Value of "Metadata-Version:" in distribution metadata, if available."""
+        return self.metadata.get("Metadata-Version")
+
+    @property
+    def raw_name(self) -> str:
+        """Value of "Name:" in distribution metadata."""
+        # The metadata should NEVER be missing the Name: key, but if it somehow
+        # does, fall back to the known canonical name.
+        return self.metadata.get("Name", self.canonical_name)
+
+    @property
+    def requires_python(self) -> SpecifierSet:
+        """Value of "Requires-Python:" in distribution metadata.
+
+        If the key does not exist or contains an invalid value, an empty
+        SpecifierSet should be returned.
+        """
+        value = self.metadata.get("Requires-Python")
+        if value is None:
+            return SpecifierSet()
+        try:
+            # Convert to str to satisfy the type checker; this can be a Header object.
+            spec = SpecifierSet(str(value))
+        except InvalidSpecifier as e:
+            message = "Package %r has an invalid Requires-Python: %s"
+            logger.warning(message, self.raw_name, e)
+            return SpecifierSet()
+        return spec
+
+    def iter_dependencies(self, extras: Collection[str] = ()) -> Iterable[Requirement]:
+        """Dependencies of this distribution.
+
+        For modern .dist-info distributions, this is the collection of
+        "Requires-Dist:" entries in distribution metadata.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def iter_provided_extras(self) -> Iterable[str]:
+        """Extras provided by this distribution.
+
+        For modern .dist-info distributions, this is the collection of
+        "Provides-Extra:" entries in distribution metadata.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def _iter_declared_entries_from_record(self) -> Optional[Iterator[str]]:
+        try:
+            text = self.read_text("RECORD")
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return None
+        # This extra Path-str cast normalizes entries.
+        return (str(pathlib.Path(row[0])) for row in csv.reader(text.splitlines()))
+
+    def _iter_declared_entries_from_legacy(self) -> Optional[Iterator[str]]:
+        try:
+            text = self.read_text("installed-files.txt")
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return None
+        paths = (p for p in text.splitlines(keepends=False) if p)
+        root = self.location
+        info = self.info_location
+        if root is None or info is None:
+            return paths
+        try:
+            info_rel = pathlib.Path(info).relative_to(root)
+        except ValueError:  # info is not relative to root.
+            return paths
+        if not info_rel.parts:  # info *is* root.
+            return paths
+        return (
+            _convert_installed_files_path(pathlib.Path(p).parts, info_rel.parts)
+            for p in paths
+        )
+
+    def iter_declared_entries(self) -> Optional[Iterator[str]]:
+        """Iterate through file entires declared in this distribution.
+
+        For modern .dist-info distributions, this is the files listed in the
+        ``RECORD`` metadata file. For legacy setuptools distributions, this
+        comes from ``installed-files.txt``, with entries normalized to be
+        compatible with the format used by ``RECORD``.
+
+        :return: An iterator for listed entries, or None if the distribution
+            contains neither ``RECORD`` nor ``installed-files.txt``.
+        """
+        return (
+            self._iter_declared_entries_from_record()
+            or self._iter_declared_entries_from_legacy()
+        )
+
+
+class BaseEnvironment:
+    """An environment containing distributions to introspect."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def default(cls) -> "BaseEnvironment":
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_paths(cls, paths: Optional[List[str]]) -> "BaseEnvironment":
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def get_distribution(self, name: str) -> Optional["BaseDistribution"]:
+        """Given a requirement name, return the installed distributions.
+
+        The name may not be normalized. The implementation must canonicalize
+        it for lookup.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def _iter_distributions(self) -> Iterator["BaseDistribution"]:
+        """Iterate through installed distributions.
+
+        This function should be implemented by subclass, but never called
+        directly. Use the public ``iter_distribution()`` instead, which
+        implements additional logic to make sure the distributions are valid.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def iter_distributions(self) -> Iterator["BaseDistribution"]:
+        """Iterate through installed distributions."""
+        for dist in self._iter_distributions():
+            # Make sure the distribution actually comes from a valid Python
+            # packaging distribution. Pip's AdjacentTempDirectory leaves folders
+            # e.g. ``~atplotlib.dist-info`` if cleanup was interrupted. The
+            # valid project name pattern is taken from PEP 508.
+            project_name_valid = re.match(
+                r"^([A-Z0-9]|[A-Z0-9][A-Z0-9._-]*[A-Z0-9])$",
+                dist.canonical_name,
+                flags=re.IGNORECASE,
+            )
+            if not project_name_valid:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Ignoring invalid distribution %s (%s)",
+                    dist.canonical_name,
+                    dist.location,
+                )
+                continue
+            yield dist
+
+    def iter_installed_distributions(
+        self,
+        local_only: bool = True,
+        skip: Container[str] = stdlib_pkgs,
+        include_editables: bool = True,
+        editables_only: bool = False,
+        user_only: bool = False,
+    ) -> Iterator[BaseDistribution]:
+        """Return a list of installed distributions.
+
+        :param local_only: If True (default), only return installations
+        local to the current virtualenv, if in a virtualenv.
+        :param skip: An iterable of canonicalized project names to ignore;
+            defaults to ``stdlib_pkgs``.
+        :param include_editables: If False, don't report editables.
+        :param editables_only: If True, only report editables.
+        :param user_only: If True, only report installations in the user
+        site directory.
+        """
+        it = self.iter_distributions()
+        if local_only:
+            it = (d for d in it if d.local)
+        if not include_editables:
+            it = (d for d in it if not d.editable)
+        if editables_only:
+            it = (d for d in it if d.editable)
+        if user_only:
+            it = (d for d in it if d.in_usersite)
+        return (d for d in it if d.canonical_name not in skip)
+
+
+class Wheel(Protocol):
+    location: str
+
+    def as_zipfile(self) -> zipfile.ZipFile:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class FilesystemWheel(Wheel):
+    def __init__(self, location: str) -> None:
+        self.location = location
+
+    def as_zipfile(self) -> zipfile.ZipFile:
+        return zipfile.ZipFile(self.location, allowZip64=True)
+
+
+class MemoryWheel(Wheel):
+    def __init__(self, location: str, stream: IO[bytes]) -> None:
+        self.location = location
+        self.stream = stream
+
+    def as_zipfile(self) -> zipfile.ZipFile:
+        return zipfile.ZipFile(self.stream, allowZip64=True)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/metadata/pkg_resources.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/metadata/pkg_resources.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d39f0ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/metadata/pkg_resources.py
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+import email.message
+import email.parser
+import logging
+import os
+import pathlib
+import zipfile
+from typing import Collection, Iterable, Iterator, List, Mapping, NamedTuple, Optional
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import Requirement
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import NormalizedName, canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InvalidWheel, NoneMetadataError, UnsupportedWheel
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import display_path
+from pip._internal.utils.wheel import parse_wheel, read_wheel_metadata_file
+
+from .base import (
+    BaseDistribution,
+    BaseEntryPoint,
+    BaseEnvironment,
+    DistributionVersion,
+    InfoPath,
+    Wheel,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class EntryPoint(NamedTuple):
+    name: str
+    value: str
+    group: str
+
+
+class WheelMetadata:
+    """IMetadataProvider that reads metadata files from a dictionary.
+
+    This also maps metadata decoding exceptions to our internal exception type.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, metadata: Mapping[str, bytes], wheel_name: str) -> None:
+        self._metadata = metadata
+        self._wheel_name = wheel_name
+
+    def has_metadata(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        return name in self._metadata
+
+    def get_metadata(self, name: str) -> str:
+        try:
+            return self._metadata[name].decode()
+        except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
+            # Augment the default error with the origin of the file.
+            raise UnsupportedWheel(
+                f"Error decoding metadata for {self._wheel_name}: {e} in {name} file"
+            )
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(self, name: str) -> Iterable[str]:
+        return pkg_resources.yield_lines(self.get_metadata(name))
+
+    def metadata_isdir(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def metadata_listdir(self, name: str) -> List[str]:
+        return []
+
+    def run_script(self, script_name: str, namespace: str) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+class Distribution(BaseDistribution):
+    def __init__(self, dist: pkg_resources.Distribution) -> None:
+        self._dist = dist
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_directory(cls, directory: str) -> "Distribution":
+        dist_dir = directory.rstrip(os.sep)
+
+        # Build a PathMetadata object, from path to metadata. :wink:
+        base_dir, dist_dir_name = os.path.split(dist_dir)
+        metadata = pkg_resources.PathMetadata(base_dir, dist_dir)
+
+        # Determine the correct Distribution object type.
+        if dist_dir.endswith(".egg-info"):
+            dist_cls = pkg_resources.Distribution
+            dist_name = os.path.splitext(dist_dir_name)[0]
+        else:
+            assert dist_dir.endswith(".dist-info")
+            dist_cls = pkg_resources.DistInfoDistribution
+            dist_name = os.path.splitext(dist_dir_name)[0].split("-")[0]
+
+        dist = dist_cls(base_dir, project_name=dist_name, metadata=metadata)
+        return cls(dist)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_wheel(cls, wheel: Wheel, name: str) -> "Distribution":
+        """Load the distribution from a given wheel.
+
+        :raises InvalidWheel: Whenever loading of the wheel causes a
+            :py:exc:`zipfile.BadZipFile` exception to be thrown.
+        :raises UnsupportedWheel: If the wheel is a valid zip, but malformed
+            internally.
+        """
+        try:
+            with wheel.as_zipfile() as zf:
+                info_dir, _ = parse_wheel(zf, name)
+                metadata_text = {
+                    path.split("/", 1)[-1]: read_wheel_metadata_file(zf, path)
+                    for path in zf.namelist()
+                    if path.startswith(f"{info_dir}/")
+                }
+        except zipfile.BadZipFile as e:
+            raise InvalidWheel(wheel.location, name) from e
+        except UnsupportedWheel as e:
+            raise UnsupportedWheel(f"{name} has an invalid wheel, {e}")
+        dist = pkg_resources.DistInfoDistribution(
+            location=wheel.location,
+            metadata=WheelMetadata(metadata_text, wheel.location),
+            project_name=name,
+        )
+        return cls(dist)
+
+    @property
+    def location(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._dist.location
+
+    @property
+    def info_location(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._dist.egg_info
+
+    @property
+    def installed_by_distutils(self) -> bool:
+        # A distutils-installed distribution is provided by FileMetadata. This
+        # provider has a "path" attribute not present anywhere else. Not the
+        # best introspection logic, but pip has been doing this for a long time.
+        try:
+            return bool(self._dist._provider.path)
+        except AttributeError:
+            return False
+
+    @property
+    def canonical_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        return canonicalize_name(self._dist.project_name)
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> DistributionVersion:
+        return parse_version(self._dist.version)
+
+    def is_file(self, path: InfoPath) -> bool:
+        return self._dist.has_metadata(str(path))
+
+    def iterdir(self, path: InfoPath) -> Iterator[pathlib.PurePosixPath]:
+        name = str(path)
+        if not self._dist.has_metadata(name):
+            raise FileNotFoundError(name)
+        if not self._dist.isdir(name):
+            raise NotADirectoryError(name)
+        for child in self._dist.metadata_listdir(name):
+            yield pathlib.PurePosixPath(path, child)
+
+    def read_text(self, path: InfoPath) -> str:
+        name = str(path)
+        if not self._dist.has_metadata(name):
+            raise FileNotFoundError(name)
+        content = self._dist.get_metadata(name)
+        if content is None:
+            raise NoneMetadataError(self, name)
+        return content
+
+    def iter_entry_points(self) -> Iterable[BaseEntryPoint]:
+        for group, entries in self._dist.get_entry_map().items():
+            for name, entry_point in entries.items():
+                name, _, value = str(entry_point).partition("=")
+                yield EntryPoint(name=name.strip(), value=value.strip(), group=group)
+
+    @property
+    def metadata(self) -> email.message.Message:
+        """
+        :raises NoneMetadataError: if the distribution reports `has_metadata()`
+            True but `get_metadata()` returns None.
+        """
+        if isinstance(self._dist, pkg_resources.DistInfoDistribution):
+            metadata_name = "METADATA"
+        else:
+            metadata_name = "PKG-INFO"
+        try:
+            metadata = self.read_text(metadata_name)
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            if self.location:
+                displaying_path = display_path(self.location)
+            else:
+                displaying_path = repr(self.location)
+            logger.warning("No metadata found in %s", displaying_path)
+            metadata = ""
+        feed_parser = email.parser.FeedParser()
+        feed_parser.feed(metadata)
+        return feed_parser.close()
+
+    def iter_dependencies(self, extras: Collection[str] = ()) -> Iterable[Requirement]:
+        if extras:  # pkg_resources raises on invalid extras, so we sanitize.
+            extras = frozenset(extras).intersection(self._dist.extras)
+        return self._dist.requires(extras)
+
+    def iter_provided_extras(self) -> Iterable[str]:
+        return self._dist.extras
+
+
+class Environment(BaseEnvironment):
+    def __init__(self, ws: pkg_resources.WorkingSet) -> None:
+        self._ws = ws
+
+    @classmethod
+    def default(cls) -> BaseEnvironment:
+        return cls(pkg_resources.working_set)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_paths(cls, paths: Optional[List[str]]) -> BaseEnvironment:
+        return cls(pkg_resources.WorkingSet(paths))
+
+    def _search_distribution(self, name: str) -> Optional[BaseDistribution]:
+        """Find a distribution matching the ``name`` in the environment.
+
+        This searches from *all* distributions available in the environment, to
+        match the behavior of ``pkg_resources.get_distribution()``.
+        """
+        canonical_name = canonicalize_name(name)
+        for dist in self.iter_distributions():
+            if dist.canonical_name == canonical_name:
+                return dist
+        return None
+
+    def get_distribution(self, name: str) -> Optional[BaseDistribution]:
+        # Search the distribution by looking through the working set.
+        dist = self._search_distribution(name)
+        if dist:
+            return dist
+
+        # If distribution could not be found, call working_set.require to
+        # update the working set, and try to find the distribution again.
+        # This might happen for e.g. when you install a package twice, once
+        # using setup.py develop and again using setup.py install. Now when
+        # running pip uninstall twice, the package gets removed from the
+        # working set in the first uninstall, so we have to populate the
+        # working set again so that pip knows about it and the packages gets
+        # picked up and is successfully uninstalled the second time too.
+        try:
+            # We didn't pass in any version specifiers, so this can never
+            # raise pkg_resources.VersionConflict.
+            self._ws.require(name)
+        except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
+            return None
+        return self._search_distribution(name)
+
+    def _iter_distributions(self) -> Iterator[BaseDistribution]:
+        for dist in self._ws:
+            yield Distribution(dist)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7855226
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+"""A package that contains models that represent entities.
+"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/candidate.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/candidate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4963ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/candidate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.utils.models import KeyBasedCompareMixin
+
+
+class InstallationCandidate(KeyBasedCompareMixin):
+    """Represents a potential "candidate" for installation."""
+
+    __slots__ = ["name", "version", "link"]
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, version: str, link: Link) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.version = parse_version(version)
+        self.link = link
+
+        super().__init__(
+            key=(self.name, self.version, self.link),
+            defining_class=InstallationCandidate,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<InstallationCandidate({!r}, {!r}, {!r})>".format(
+            self.name,
+            self.version,
+            self.link,
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "{!r} candidate (version {} at {})".format(
+            self.name,
+            self.version,
+            self.link,
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/direct_url.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/direct_url.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92060d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/direct_url.py
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+""" PEP 610 """
+import json
+import re
+import urllib.parse
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, Optional, Type, TypeVar, Union
+
+__all__ = [
+    "DirectUrl",
+    "DirectUrlValidationError",
+    "DirInfo",
+    "ArchiveInfo",
+    "VcsInfo",
+]
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+DIRECT_URL_METADATA_NAME = "direct_url.json"
+ENV_VAR_RE = re.compile(r"^\$\{[A-Za-z0-9-_]+\}(:\$\{[A-Za-z0-9-_]+\})?$")
+
+
+class DirectUrlValidationError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+def _get(
+    d: Dict[str, Any], expected_type: Type[T], key: str, default: Optional[T] = None
+) -> Optional[T]:
+    """Get value from dictionary and verify expected type."""
+    if key not in d:
+        return default
+    value = d[key]
+    if not isinstance(value, expected_type):
+        raise DirectUrlValidationError(
+            "{!r} has unexpected type for {} (expected {})".format(
+                value, key, expected_type
+            )
+        )
+    return value
+
+
+def _get_required(
+    d: Dict[str, Any], expected_type: Type[T], key: str, default: Optional[T] = None
+) -> T:
+    value = _get(d, expected_type, key, default)
+    if value is None:
+        raise DirectUrlValidationError(f"{key} must have a value")
+    return value
+
+
+def _exactly_one_of(infos: Iterable[Optional["InfoType"]]) -> "InfoType":
+    infos = [info for info in infos if info is not None]
+    if not infos:
+        raise DirectUrlValidationError(
+            "missing one of archive_info, dir_info, vcs_info"
+        )
+    if len(infos) > 1:
+        raise DirectUrlValidationError(
+            "more than one of archive_info, dir_info, vcs_info"
+        )
+    assert infos[0] is not None
+    return infos[0]
+
+
+def _filter_none(**kwargs: Any) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Make dict excluding None values."""
+    return {k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if v is not None}
+
+
+class VcsInfo:
+    name = "vcs_info"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        vcs: str,
+        commit_id: str,
+        requested_revision: Optional[str] = None,
+        resolved_revision: Optional[str] = None,
+        resolved_revision_type: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.vcs = vcs
+        self.requested_revision = requested_revision
+        self.commit_id = commit_id
+        self.resolved_revision = resolved_revision
+        self.resolved_revision_type = resolved_revision_type
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_dict(cls, d: Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Optional["VcsInfo"]:
+        if d is None:
+            return None
+        return cls(
+            vcs=_get_required(d, str, "vcs"),
+            commit_id=_get_required(d, str, "commit_id"),
+            requested_revision=_get(d, str, "requested_revision"),
+            resolved_revision=_get(d, str, "resolved_revision"),
+            resolved_revision_type=_get(d, str, "resolved_revision_type"),
+        )
+
+    def _to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return _filter_none(
+            vcs=self.vcs,
+            requested_revision=self.requested_revision,
+            commit_id=self.commit_id,
+            resolved_revision=self.resolved_revision,
+            resolved_revision_type=self.resolved_revision_type,
+        )
+
+
+class ArchiveInfo:
+    name = "archive_info"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        hash: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.hash = hash
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_dict(cls, d: Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Optional["ArchiveInfo"]:
+        if d is None:
+            return None
+        return cls(hash=_get(d, str, "hash"))
+
+    def _to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return _filter_none(hash=self.hash)
+
+
+class DirInfo:
+    name = "dir_info"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        editable: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.editable = editable
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_dict(cls, d: Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Optional["DirInfo"]:
+        if d is None:
+            return None
+        return cls(editable=_get_required(d, bool, "editable", default=False))
+
+    def _to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return _filter_none(editable=self.editable or None)
+
+
+InfoType = Union[ArchiveInfo, DirInfo, VcsInfo]
+
+
+class DirectUrl:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        url: str,
+        info: InfoType,
+        subdirectory: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.url = url
+        self.info = info
+        self.subdirectory = subdirectory
+
+    def _remove_auth_from_netloc(self, netloc: str) -> str:
+        if "@" not in netloc:
+            return netloc
+        user_pass, netloc_no_user_pass = netloc.split("@", 1)
+        if (
+            isinstance(self.info, VcsInfo)
+            and self.info.vcs == "git"
+            and user_pass == "git"
+        ):
+            return netloc
+        if ENV_VAR_RE.match(user_pass):
+            return netloc
+        return netloc_no_user_pass
+
+    @property
+    def redacted_url(self) -> str:
+        """url with user:password part removed unless it is formed with
+        environment variables as specified in PEP 610, or it is ``git``
+        in the case of a git URL.
+        """
+        purl = urllib.parse.urlsplit(self.url)
+        netloc = self._remove_auth_from_netloc(purl.netloc)
+        surl = urllib.parse.urlunsplit(
+            (purl.scheme, netloc, purl.path, purl.query, purl.fragment)
+        )
+        return surl
+
+    def validate(self) -> None:
+        self.from_dict(self.to_dict())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, d: Dict[str, Any]) -> "DirectUrl":
+        return DirectUrl(
+            url=_get_required(d, str, "url"),
+            subdirectory=_get(d, str, "subdirectory"),
+            info=_exactly_one_of(
+                [
+                    ArchiveInfo._from_dict(_get(d, dict, "archive_info")),
+                    DirInfo._from_dict(_get(d, dict, "dir_info")),
+                    VcsInfo._from_dict(_get(d, dict, "vcs_info")),
+                ]
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        res = _filter_none(
+            url=self.redacted_url,
+            subdirectory=self.subdirectory,
+        )
+        res[self.info.name] = self.info._to_dict()
+        return res
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_json(cls, s: str) -> "DirectUrl":
+        return cls.from_dict(json.loads(s))
+
+    def to_json(self) -> str:
+        return json.dumps(self.to_dict(), sort_keys=True)
+
+    def is_local_editable(self) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(self.info, DirInfo) and self.info.editable
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/format_control.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/format_control.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db3995e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/format_control.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+from typing import FrozenSet, Optional, Set
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+
+
+class FormatControl:
+    """Helper for managing formats from which a package can be installed."""
+
+    __slots__ = ["no_binary", "only_binary"]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        no_binary: Optional[Set[str]] = None,
+        only_binary: Optional[Set[str]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if no_binary is None:
+            no_binary = set()
+        if only_binary is None:
+            only_binary = set()
+
+        self.no_binary = no_binary
+        self.only_binary = only_binary
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        if self.__slots__ != other.__slots__:
+            return False
+
+        return all(getattr(self, k) == getattr(other, k) for k in self.__slots__)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "{}({}, {})".format(
+            self.__class__.__name__, self.no_binary, self.only_binary
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def handle_mutual_excludes(value: str, target: Set[str], other: Set[str]) -> None:
+        if value.startswith("-"):
+            raise CommandError(
+                "--no-binary / --only-binary option requires 1 argument."
+            )
+        new = value.split(",")
+        while ":all:" in new:
+            other.clear()
+            target.clear()
+            target.add(":all:")
+            del new[: new.index(":all:") + 1]
+            # Without a none, we want to discard everything as :all: covers it
+            if ":none:" not in new:
+                return
+        for name in new:
+            if name == ":none:":
+                target.clear()
+                continue
+            name = canonicalize_name(name)
+            other.discard(name)
+            target.add(name)
+
+    def get_allowed_formats(self, canonical_name: str) -> FrozenSet[str]:
+        result = {"binary", "source"}
+        if canonical_name in self.only_binary:
+            result.discard("source")
+        elif canonical_name in self.no_binary:
+            result.discard("binary")
+        elif ":all:" in self.only_binary:
+            result.discard("source")
+        elif ":all:" in self.no_binary:
+            result.discard("binary")
+        return frozenset(result)
+
+    def disallow_binaries(self) -> None:
+        self.handle_mutual_excludes(
+            ":all:",
+            self.no_binary,
+            self.only_binary,
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/index.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/index.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b94c325
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import urllib.parse
+
+
+class PackageIndex:
+    """Represents a Package Index and provides easier access to endpoints"""
+
+    __slots__ = ["url", "netloc", "simple_url", "pypi_url", "file_storage_domain"]
+
+    def __init__(self, url: str, file_storage_domain: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.url = url
+        self.netloc = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url).netloc
+        self.simple_url = self._url_for_path("simple")
+        self.pypi_url = self._url_for_path("pypi")
+
+        # This is part of a temporary hack used to block installs of PyPI
+        # packages which depend on external urls only necessary until PyPI can
+        # block such packages themselves
+        self.file_storage_domain = file_storage_domain
+
+    def _url_for_path(self, path: str) -> str:
+        return urllib.parse.urljoin(self.url, path)
+
+
+PyPI = PackageIndex("https://pypi.org/", file_storage_domain="files.pythonhosted.org")
+TestPyPI = PackageIndex(
+    "https://test.pypi.org/", file_storage_domain="test-files.pythonhosted.org"
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/link.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/link.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6069b27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/link.py
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+import functools
+import logging
+import os
+import posixpath
+import re
+import urllib.parse
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from pip._internal.utils.filetypes import WHEEL_EXTENSION
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import Hashes
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    redact_auth_from_url,
+    split_auth_from_netloc,
+    splitext,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.models import KeyBasedCompareMixin
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import path_to_url, url_to_path
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._internal.index.collector import HTMLPage
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+_SUPPORTED_HASHES = ("sha1", "sha224", "sha384", "sha256", "sha512", "md5")
+
+
+class Link(KeyBasedCompareMixin):
+    """Represents a parsed link from a Package Index's simple URL"""
+
+    __slots__ = [
+        "_parsed_url",
+        "_url",
+        "comes_from",
+        "requires_python",
+        "yanked_reason",
+        "cache_link_parsing",
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        url: str,
+        comes_from: Optional[Union[str, "HTMLPage"]] = None,
+        requires_python: Optional[str] = None,
+        yanked_reason: Optional[str] = None,
+        cache_link_parsing: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param url: url of the resource pointed to (href of the link)
+        :param comes_from: instance of HTMLPage where the link was found,
+            or string.
+        :param requires_python: String containing the `Requires-Python`
+            metadata field, specified in PEP 345. This may be specified by
+            a data-requires-python attribute in the HTML link tag, as
+            described in PEP 503.
+        :param yanked_reason: the reason the file has been yanked, if the
+            file has been yanked, or None if the file hasn't been yanked.
+            This is the value of the "data-yanked" attribute, if present, in
+            a simple repository HTML link. If the file has been yanked but
+            no reason was provided, this should be the empty string. See
+            PEP 592 for more information and the specification.
+        :param cache_link_parsing: A flag that is used elsewhere to determine
+                                   whether resources retrieved from this link
+                                   should be cached. PyPI index urls should
+                                   generally have this set to False, for
+                                   example.
+        """
+
+        # url can be a UNC windows share
+        if url.startswith("\\\\"):
+            url = path_to_url(url)
+
+        self._parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
+        # Store the url as a private attribute to prevent accidentally
+        # trying to set a new value.
+        self._url = url
+
+        self.comes_from = comes_from
+        self.requires_python = requires_python if requires_python else None
+        self.yanked_reason = yanked_reason
+
+        super().__init__(key=url, defining_class=Link)
+
+        self.cache_link_parsing = cache_link_parsing
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self.requires_python:
+            rp = f" (requires-python:{self.requires_python})"
+        else:
+            rp = ""
+        if self.comes_from:
+            return "{} (from {}){}".format(
+                redact_auth_from_url(self._url), self.comes_from, rp
+            )
+        else:
+            return redact_auth_from_url(str(self._url))
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Link {self}>"
+
+    @property
+    def url(self) -> str:
+        return self._url
+
+    @property
+    def filename(self) -> str:
+        path = self.path.rstrip("/")
+        name = posixpath.basename(path)
+        if not name:
+            # Make sure we don't leak auth information if the netloc
+            # includes a username and password.
+            netloc, user_pass = split_auth_from_netloc(self.netloc)
+            return netloc
+
+        name = urllib.parse.unquote(name)
+        assert name, f"URL {self._url!r} produced no filename"
+        return name
+
+    @property
+    def file_path(self) -> str:
+        return url_to_path(self.url)
+
+    @property
+    def scheme(self) -> str:
+        return self._parsed_url.scheme
+
+    @property
+    def netloc(self) -> str:
+        """
+        This can contain auth information.
+        """
+        return self._parsed_url.netloc
+
+    @property
+    def path(self) -> str:
+        return urllib.parse.unquote(self._parsed_url.path)
+
+    def splitext(self) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+        return splitext(posixpath.basename(self.path.rstrip("/")))
+
+    @property
+    def ext(self) -> str:
+        return self.splitext()[1]
+
+    @property
+    def url_without_fragment(self) -> str:
+        scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = self._parsed_url
+        return urllib.parse.urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, ""))
+
+    _egg_fragment_re = re.compile(r"[#&]egg=([^&]*)")
+
+    @property
+    def egg_fragment(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        match = self._egg_fragment_re.search(self._url)
+        if not match:
+            return None
+        return match.group(1)
+
+    _subdirectory_fragment_re = re.compile(r"[#&]subdirectory=([^&]*)")
+
+    @property
+    def subdirectory_fragment(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        match = self._subdirectory_fragment_re.search(self._url)
+        if not match:
+            return None
+        return match.group(1)
+
+    _hash_re = re.compile(
+        r"({choices})=([a-f0-9]+)".format(choices="|".join(_SUPPORTED_HASHES))
+    )
+
+    @property
+    def hash(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        match = self._hash_re.search(self._url)
+        if match:
+            return match.group(2)
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def hash_name(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        match = self._hash_re.search(self._url)
+        if match:
+            return match.group(1)
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def show_url(self) -> str:
+        return posixpath.basename(self._url.split("#", 1)[0].split("?", 1)[0])
+
+    @property
+    def is_file(self) -> bool:
+        return self.scheme == "file"
+
+    def is_existing_dir(self) -> bool:
+        return self.is_file and os.path.isdir(self.file_path)
+
+    @property
+    def is_wheel(self) -> bool:
+        return self.ext == WHEEL_EXTENSION
+
+    @property
+    def is_vcs(self) -> bool:
+        from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+
+        return self.scheme in vcs.all_schemes
+
+    @property
+    def is_yanked(self) -> bool:
+        return self.yanked_reason is not None
+
+    @property
+    def has_hash(self) -> bool:
+        return self.hash_name is not None
+
+    def is_hash_allowed(self, hashes: Optional[Hashes]) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return True if the link has a hash and it is allowed.
+        """
+        if hashes is None or not self.has_hash:
+            return False
+        # Assert non-None so mypy knows self.hash_name and self.hash are str.
+        assert self.hash_name is not None
+        assert self.hash is not None
+
+        return hashes.is_hash_allowed(self.hash_name, hex_digest=self.hash)
+
+
+class _CleanResult(NamedTuple):
+    """Convert link for equivalency check.
+
+    This is used in the resolver to check whether two URL-specified requirements
+    likely point to the same distribution and can be considered equivalent. This
+    equivalency logic avoids comparing URLs literally, which can be too strict
+    (e.g. "a=1&b=2" vs "b=2&a=1") and produce conflicts unexpecting to users.
+
+    Currently this does three things:
+
+    1. Drop the basic auth part. This is technically wrong since a server can
+       serve different content based on auth, but if it does that, it is even
+       impossible to guarantee two URLs without auth are equivalent, since
+       the user can input different auth information when prompted. So the
+       practical solution is to assume the auth doesn't affect the response.
+    2. Parse the query to avoid the ordering issue. Note that ordering under the
+       same key in the query are NOT cleaned; i.e. "a=1&a=2" and "a=2&a=1" are
+       still considered different.
+    3. Explicitly drop most of the fragment part, except ``subdirectory=`` and
+       hash values, since it should have no impact the downloaded content. Note
+       that this drops the "egg=" part historically used to denote the requested
+       project (and extras), which is wrong in the strictest sense, but too many
+       people are supplying it inconsistently to cause superfluous resolution
+       conflicts, so we choose to also ignore them.
+    """
+
+    parsed: urllib.parse.SplitResult
+    query: Dict[str, List[str]]
+    subdirectory: str
+    hashes: Dict[str, str]
+
+
+def _clean_link(link: Link) -> _CleanResult:
+    parsed = link._parsed_url
+    netloc = parsed.netloc.rsplit("@", 1)[-1]
+    # According to RFC 8089, an empty host in file: means localhost.
+    if parsed.scheme == "file" and not netloc:
+        netloc = "localhost"
+    fragment = urllib.parse.parse_qs(parsed.fragment)
+    if "egg" in fragment:
+        logger.debug("Ignoring egg= fragment in %s", link)
+    try:
+        # If there are multiple subdirectory values, use the first one.
+        # This matches the behavior of Link.subdirectory_fragment.
+        subdirectory = fragment["subdirectory"][0]
+    except (IndexError, KeyError):
+        subdirectory = ""
+    # If there are multiple hash values under the same algorithm, use the
+    # first one. This matches the behavior of Link.hash_value.
+    hashes = {k: fragment[k][0] for k in _SUPPORTED_HASHES if k in fragment}
+    return _CleanResult(
+        parsed=parsed._replace(netloc=netloc, query="", fragment=""),
+        query=urllib.parse.parse_qs(parsed.query),
+        subdirectory=subdirectory,
+        hashes=hashes,
+    )
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def links_equivalent(link1: Link, link2: Link) -> bool:
+    return _clean_link(link1) == _clean_link(link2)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/scheme.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/scheme.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f51190a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/scheme.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""
+For types associated with installation schemes.
+
+For a general overview of available schemes and their context, see
+https://docs.python.org/3/install/index.html#alternate-installation.
+"""
+
+
+SCHEME_KEYS = ["platlib", "purelib", "headers", "scripts", "data"]
+
+
+class Scheme:
+    """A Scheme holds paths which are used as the base directories for
+    artifacts associated with a Python package.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = SCHEME_KEYS
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        platlib: str,
+        purelib: str,
+        headers: str,
+        scripts: str,
+        data: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.platlib = platlib
+        self.purelib = purelib
+        self.headers = headers
+        self.scripts = scripts
+        self.data = data
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/search_scope.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/search_scope.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4e54c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/search_scope.py
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+import itertools
+import logging
+import os
+import posixpath
+import urllib.parse
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import has_tls
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import normalize_path, redact_auth_from_url
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class SearchScope:
+
+    """
+    Encapsulates the locations that pip is configured to search.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["find_links", "index_urls"]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(
+        cls,
+        find_links: List[str],
+        index_urls: List[str],
+    ) -> "SearchScope":
+        """
+        Create a SearchScope object after normalizing the `find_links`.
+        """
+        # Build find_links. If an argument starts with ~, it may be
+        # a local file relative to a home directory. So try normalizing
+        # it and if it exists, use the normalized version.
+        # This is deliberately conservative - it might be fine just to
+        # blindly normalize anything starting with a ~...
+        built_find_links: List[str] = []
+        for link in find_links:
+            if link.startswith("~"):
+                new_link = normalize_path(link)
+                if os.path.exists(new_link):
+                    link = new_link
+            built_find_links.append(link)
+
+        # If we don't have TLS enabled, then WARN if anyplace we're looking
+        # relies on TLS.
+        if not has_tls():
+            for link in itertools.chain(index_urls, built_find_links):
+                parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(link)
+                if parsed.scheme == "https":
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "pip is configured with locations that require "
+                        "TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not "
+                        "available."
+                    )
+                    break
+
+        return cls(
+            find_links=built_find_links,
+            index_urls=index_urls,
+        )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        find_links: List[str],
+        index_urls: List[str],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.find_links = find_links
+        self.index_urls = index_urls
+
+    def get_formatted_locations(self) -> str:
+        lines = []
+        redacted_index_urls = []
+        if self.index_urls and self.index_urls != [PyPI.simple_url]:
+            for url in self.index_urls:
+
+                redacted_index_url = redact_auth_from_url(url)
+
+                # Parse the URL
+                purl = urllib.parse.urlsplit(redacted_index_url)
+
+                # URL is generally invalid if scheme and netloc is missing
+                # there are issues with Python and URL parsing, so this test
+                # is a bit crude. See bpo-20271, bpo-23505. Python doesn't
+                # always parse invalid URLs correctly - it should raise
+                # exceptions for malformed URLs
+                if not purl.scheme and not purl.netloc:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        'The index url "%s" seems invalid, please provide a scheme.',
+                        redacted_index_url,
+                    )
+
+                redacted_index_urls.append(redacted_index_url)
+
+            lines.append(
+                "Looking in indexes: {}".format(", ".join(redacted_index_urls))
+            )
+
+        if self.find_links:
+            lines.append(
+                "Looking in links: {}".format(
+                    ", ".join(redact_auth_from_url(url) for url in self.find_links)
+                )
+            )
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def get_index_urls_locations(self, project_name: str) -> List[str]:
+        """Returns the locations found via self.index_urls
+
+        Checks the url_name on the main (first in the list) index and
+        use this url_name to produce all locations
+        """
+
+        def mkurl_pypi_url(url: str) -> str:
+            loc = posixpath.join(
+                url, urllib.parse.quote(canonicalize_name(project_name))
+            )
+            # For maximum compatibility with easy_install, ensure the path
+            # ends in a trailing slash.  Although this isn't in the spec
+            # (and PyPI can handle it without the slash) some other index
+            # implementations might break if they relied on easy_install's
+            # behavior.
+            if not loc.endswith("/"):
+                loc = loc + "/"
+            return loc
+
+        return [mkurl_pypi_url(url) for url in self.index_urls]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/selection_prefs.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/selection_prefs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..977bc4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/selection_prefs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pip._internal.models.format_control import FormatControl
+
+
+class SelectionPreferences:
+    """
+    Encapsulates the candidate selection preferences for downloading
+    and installing files.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = [
+        "allow_yanked",
+        "allow_all_prereleases",
+        "format_control",
+        "prefer_binary",
+        "ignore_requires_python",
+    ]
+
+    # Don't include an allow_yanked default value to make sure each call
+    # site considers whether yanked releases are allowed. This also causes
+    # that decision to be made explicit in the calling code, which helps
+    # people when reading the code.
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        allow_yanked: bool,
+        allow_all_prereleases: bool = False,
+        format_control: Optional[FormatControl] = None,
+        prefer_binary: bool = False,
+        ignore_requires_python: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Create a SelectionPreferences object.
+
+        :param allow_yanked: Whether files marked as yanked (in the sense
+            of PEP 592) are permitted to be candidates for install.
+        :param format_control: A FormatControl object or None. Used to control
+            the selection of source packages / binary packages when consulting
+            the index and links.
+        :param prefer_binary: Whether to prefer an old, but valid, binary
+            dist over a new source dist.
+        :param ignore_requires_python: Whether to ignore incompatible
+            "Requires-Python" values in links. Defaults to False.
+        """
+        if ignore_requires_python is None:
+            ignore_requires_python = False
+
+        self.allow_yanked = allow_yanked
+        self.allow_all_prereleases = allow_all_prereleases
+        self.format_control = format_control
+        self.prefer_binary = prefer_binary
+        self.ignore_requires_python = ignore_requires_python
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/target_python.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/target_python.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..744bd7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/target_python.py
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+import sys
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.tags import Tag
+
+from pip._internal.utils.compatibility_tags import get_supported, version_info_to_nodot
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import normalize_version_info
+
+
+class TargetPython:
+
+    """
+    Encapsulates the properties of a Python interpreter one is targeting
+    for a package install, download, etc.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = [
+        "_given_py_version_info",
+        "abis",
+        "implementation",
+        "platforms",
+        "py_version",
+        "py_version_info",
+        "_valid_tags",
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        platforms: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        py_version_info: Optional[Tuple[int, ...]] = None,
+        abis: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        implementation: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param platforms: A list of strings or None. If None, searches for
+            packages that are supported by the current system. Otherwise, will
+            find packages that can be built on the platforms passed in. These
+            packages will only be downloaded for distribution: they will
+            not be built locally.
+        :param py_version_info: An optional tuple of ints representing the
+            Python version information to use (e.g. `sys.version_info[:3]`).
+            This can have length 1, 2, or 3 when provided.
+        :param abis: A list of strings or None. This is passed to
+            compatibility_tags.py's get_supported() function as is.
+        :param implementation: A string or None. This is passed to
+            compatibility_tags.py's get_supported() function as is.
+        """
+        # Store the given py_version_info for when we call get_supported().
+        self._given_py_version_info = py_version_info
+
+        if py_version_info is None:
+            py_version_info = sys.version_info[:3]
+        else:
+            py_version_info = normalize_version_info(py_version_info)
+
+        py_version = ".".join(map(str, py_version_info[:2]))
+
+        self.abis = abis
+        self.implementation = implementation
+        self.platforms = platforms
+        self.py_version = py_version
+        self.py_version_info = py_version_info
+
+        # This is used to cache the return value of get_tags().
+        self._valid_tags: Optional[List[Tag]] = None
+
+    def format_given(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Format the given, non-None attributes for display.
+        """
+        display_version = None
+        if self._given_py_version_info is not None:
+            display_version = ".".join(
+                str(part) for part in self._given_py_version_info
+            )
+
+        key_values = [
+            ("platforms", self.platforms),
+            ("version_info", display_version),
+            ("abis", self.abis),
+            ("implementation", self.implementation),
+        ]
+        return " ".join(
+            f"{key}={value!r}" for key, value in key_values if value is not None
+        )
+
+    def get_tags(self) -> List[Tag]:
+        """
+        Return the supported PEP 425 tags to check wheel candidates against.
+
+        The tags are returned in order of preference (most preferred first).
+        """
+        if self._valid_tags is None:
+            # Pass versions=None if no py_version_info was given since
+            # versions=None uses special default logic.
+            py_version_info = self._given_py_version_info
+            if py_version_info is None:
+                version = None
+            else:
+                version = version_info_to_nodot(py_version_info)
+
+            tags = get_supported(
+                version=version,
+                platforms=self.platforms,
+                abis=self.abis,
+                impl=self.implementation,
+            )
+            self._valid_tags = tags
+
+        return self._valid_tags
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/wheel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e091612
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""Represents a wheel file and provides access to the various parts of the
+name that have meaning.
+"""
+import re
+from typing import Dict, Iterable, List
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.tags import Tag
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InvalidWheelFilename
+
+
+class Wheel:
+    """A wheel file"""
+
+    wheel_file_re = re.compile(
+        r"""^(?P<namever>(?P<name>.+?)-(?P<ver>.*?))
+        ((-(?P<build>\d[^-]*?))?-(?P<pyver>.+?)-(?P<abi>.+?)-(?P<plat>.+?)
+        \.whl|\.dist-info)$""",
+        re.VERBOSE,
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, filename: str) -> None:
+        """
+        :raises InvalidWheelFilename: when the filename is invalid for a wheel
+        """
+        wheel_info = self.wheel_file_re.match(filename)
+        if not wheel_info:
+            raise InvalidWheelFilename(f"{filename} is not a valid wheel filename.")
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.name = wheel_info.group("name").replace("_", "-")
+        # we'll assume "_" means "-" due to wheel naming scheme
+        # (https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1150)
+        self.version = wheel_info.group("ver").replace("_", "-")
+        self.build_tag = wheel_info.group("build")
+        self.pyversions = wheel_info.group("pyver").split(".")
+        self.abis = wheel_info.group("abi").split(".")
+        self.plats = wheel_info.group("plat").split(".")
+
+        # All the tag combinations from this file
+        self.file_tags = {
+            Tag(x, y, z) for x in self.pyversions for y in self.abis for z in self.plats
+        }
+
+    def get_formatted_file_tags(self) -> List[str]:
+        """Return the wheel's tags as a sorted list of strings."""
+        return sorted(str(tag) for tag in self.file_tags)
+
+    def support_index_min(self, tags: List[Tag]) -> int:
+        """Return the lowest index that one of the wheel's file_tag combinations
+        achieves in the given list of supported tags.
+
+        For example, if there are 8 supported tags and one of the file tags
+        is first in the list, then return 0.
+
+        :param tags: the PEP 425 tags to check the wheel against, in order
+            with most preferred first.
+
+        :raises ValueError: If none of the wheel's file tags match one of
+            the supported tags.
+        """
+        return min(tags.index(tag) for tag in self.file_tags if tag in tags)
+
+    def find_most_preferred_tag(
+        self, tags: List[Tag], tag_to_priority: Dict[Tag, int]
+    ) -> int:
+        """Return the priority of the most preferred tag that one of the wheel's file
+        tag combinations achieves in the given list of supported tags using the given
+        tag_to_priority mapping, where lower priorities are more-preferred.
+
+        This is used in place of support_index_min in some cases in order to avoid
+        an expensive linear scan of a large list of tags.
+
+        :param tags: the PEP 425 tags to check the wheel against.
+        :param tag_to_priority: a mapping from tag to priority of that tag, where
+            lower is more preferred.
+
+        :raises ValueError: If none of the wheel's file tags match one of
+            the supported tags.
+        """
+        return min(
+            tag_to_priority[tag] for tag in self.file_tags if tag in tag_to_priority
+        )
+
+    def supported(self, tags: Iterable[Tag]) -> bool:
+        """Return whether the wheel is compatible with one of the given tags.
+
+        :param tags: the PEP 425 tags to check the wheel against.
+        """
+        return not self.file_tags.isdisjoint(tags)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b51bde9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+"""Contains purely network-related utilities.
+"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/auth.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/auth.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca42798
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+"""Network Authentication Helpers
+
+Contains interface (MultiDomainBasicAuth) and associated glue code for
+providing credentials in the context of network requests.
+"""
+
+import urllib.parse
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.requests.auth import AuthBase, HTTPBasicAuth
+from pip._vendor.requests.models import Request, Response
+from pip._vendor.requests.utils import get_netrc_auth
+
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    ask,
+    ask_input,
+    ask_password,
+    remove_auth_from_url,
+    split_auth_netloc_from_url,
+)
+from pip._internal.vcs.versioncontrol import AuthInfo
+
+logger = getLogger(__name__)
+
+Credentials = Tuple[str, str, str]
+
+try:
+    import keyring
+except ImportError:
+    keyring = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+except Exception as exc:
+    logger.warning(
+        "Keyring is skipped due to an exception: %s",
+        str(exc),
+    )
+    keyring = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+
+def get_keyring_auth(url: Optional[str], username: Optional[str]) -> Optional[AuthInfo]:
+    """Return the tuple auth for a given url from keyring."""
+    global keyring
+    if not url or not keyring:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        try:
+            get_credential = keyring.get_credential
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            logger.debug("Getting credentials from keyring for %s", url)
+            cred = get_credential(url, username)
+            if cred is not None:
+                return cred.username, cred.password
+            return None
+
+        if username:
+            logger.debug("Getting password from keyring for %s", url)
+            password = keyring.get_password(url, username)
+            if password:
+                return username, password
+
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Keyring is skipped due to an exception: %s",
+            str(exc),
+        )
+        keyring = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    return None
+
+
+class MultiDomainBasicAuth(AuthBase):
+    def __init__(
+        self, prompting: bool = True, index_urls: Optional[List[str]] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        self.prompting = prompting
+        self.index_urls = index_urls
+        self.passwords: Dict[str, AuthInfo] = {}
+        # When the user is prompted to enter credentials and keyring is
+        # available, we will offer to save them. If the user accepts,
+        # this value is set to the credentials they entered. After the
+        # request authenticates, the caller should call
+        # ``save_credentials`` to save these.
+        self._credentials_to_save: Optional[Credentials] = None
+
+    def _get_index_url(self, url: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Return the original index URL matching the requested URL.
+
+        Cached or dynamically generated credentials may work against
+        the original index URL rather than just the netloc.
+
+        The provided url should have had its username and password
+        removed already. If the original index url had credentials then
+        they will be included in the return value.
+
+        Returns None if no matching index was found, or if --no-index
+        was specified by the user.
+        """
+        if not url or not self.index_urls:
+            return None
+
+        for u in self.index_urls:
+            prefix = remove_auth_from_url(u).rstrip("/") + "/"
+            if url.startswith(prefix):
+                return u
+        return None
+
+    def _get_new_credentials(
+        self,
+        original_url: str,
+        allow_netrc: bool = True,
+        allow_keyring: bool = False,
+    ) -> AuthInfo:
+        """Find and return credentials for the specified URL."""
+        # Split the credentials and netloc from the url.
+        url, netloc, url_user_password = split_auth_netloc_from_url(
+            original_url,
+        )
+
+        # Start with the credentials embedded in the url
+        username, password = url_user_password
+        if username is not None and password is not None:
+            logger.debug("Found credentials in url for %s", netloc)
+            return url_user_password
+
+        # Find a matching index url for this request
+        index_url = self._get_index_url(url)
+        if index_url:
+            # Split the credentials from the url.
+            index_info = split_auth_netloc_from_url(index_url)
+            if index_info:
+                index_url, _, index_url_user_password = index_info
+                logger.debug("Found index url %s", index_url)
+
+        # If an index URL was found, try its embedded credentials
+        if index_url and index_url_user_password[0] is not None:
+            username, password = index_url_user_password
+            if username is not None and password is not None:
+                logger.debug("Found credentials in index url for %s", netloc)
+                return index_url_user_password
+
+        # Get creds from netrc if we still don't have them
+        if allow_netrc:
+            netrc_auth = get_netrc_auth(original_url)
+            if netrc_auth:
+                logger.debug("Found credentials in netrc for %s", netloc)
+                return netrc_auth
+
+        # If we don't have a password and keyring is available, use it.
+        if allow_keyring:
+            # The index url is more specific than the netloc, so try it first
+            # fmt: off
+            kr_auth = (
+                get_keyring_auth(index_url, username) or
+                get_keyring_auth(netloc, username)
+            )
+            # fmt: on
+            if kr_auth:
+                logger.debug("Found credentials in keyring for %s", netloc)
+                return kr_auth
+
+        return username, password
+
+    def _get_url_and_credentials(
+        self, original_url: str
+    ) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]]:
+        """Return the credentials to use for the provided URL.
+
+        If allowed, netrc and keyring may be used to obtain the
+        correct credentials.
+
+        Returns (url_without_credentials, username, password). Note
+        that even if the original URL contains credentials, this
+        function may return a different username and password.
+        """
+        url, netloc, _ = split_auth_netloc_from_url(original_url)
+
+        # Try to get credentials from original url
+        username, password = self._get_new_credentials(original_url)
+
+        # If credentials not found, use any stored credentials for this netloc.
+        # Do this if either the username or the password is missing.
+        # This accounts for the situation in which the user has specified
+        # the username in the index url, but the password comes from keyring.
+        if (username is None or password is None) and netloc in self.passwords:
+            un, pw = self.passwords[netloc]
+            # It is possible that the cached credentials are for a different username,
+            # in which case the cache should be ignored.
+            if username is None or username == un:
+                username, password = un, pw
+
+        if username is not None or password is not None:
+            # Convert the username and password if they're None, so that
+            # this netloc will show up as "cached" in the conditional above.
+            # Further, HTTPBasicAuth doesn't accept None, so it makes sense to
+            # cache the value that is going to be used.
+            username = username or ""
+            password = password or ""
+
+            # Store any acquired credentials.
+            self.passwords[netloc] = (username, password)
+
+        assert (
+            # Credentials were found
+            (username is not None and password is not None)
+            # Credentials were not found
+            or (username is None and password is None)
+        ), f"Could not load credentials from url: {original_url}"
+
+        return url, username, password
+
+    def __call__(self, req: Request) -> Request:
+        # Get credentials for this request
+        url, username, password = self._get_url_and_credentials(req.url)
+
+        # Set the url of the request to the url without any credentials
+        req.url = url
+
+        if username is not None and password is not None:
+            # Send the basic auth with this request
+            req = HTTPBasicAuth(username, password)(req)
+
+        # Attach a hook to handle 401 responses
+        req.register_hook("response", self.handle_401)
+
+        return req
+
+    # Factored out to allow for easy patching in tests
+    def _prompt_for_password(
+        self, netloc: str
+    ) -> Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str], bool]:
+        username = ask_input(f"User for {netloc}: ")
+        if not username:
+            return None, None, False
+        auth = get_keyring_auth(netloc, username)
+        if auth and auth[0] is not None and auth[1] is not None:
+            return auth[0], auth[1], False
+        password = ask_password("Password: ")
+        return username, password, True
+
+    # Factored out to allow for easy patching in tests
+    def _should_save_password_to_keyring(self) -> bool:
+        if not keyring:
+            return False
+        return ask("Save credentials to keyring [y/N]: ", ["y", "n"]) == "y"
+
+    def handle_401(self, resp: Response, **kwargs: Any) -> Response:
+        # We only care about 401 responses, anything else we want to just
+        #   pass through the actual response
+        if resp.status_code != 401:
+            return resp
+
+        # We are not able to prompt the user so simply return the response
+        if not self.prompting:
+            return resp
+
+        parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(resp.url)
+
+        # Query the keyring for credentials:
+        username, password = self._get_new_credentials(
+            resp.url,
+            allow_netrc=False,
+            allow_keyring=True,
+        )
+
+        # Prompt the user for a new username and password
+        save = False
+        if not username and not password:
+            username, password, save = self._prompt_for_password(parsed.netloc)
+
+        # Store the new username and password to use for future requests
+        self._credentials_to_save = None
+        if username is not None and password is not None:
+            self.passwords[parsed.netloc] = (username, password)
+
+            # Prompt to save the password to keyring
+            if save and self._should_save_password_to_keyring():
+                self._credentials_to_save = (parsed.netloc, username, password)
+
+        # Consume content and release the original connection to allow our new
+        #   request to reuse the same one.
+        resp.content
+        resp.raw.release_conn()
+
+        # Add our new username and password to the request
+        req = HTTPBasicAuth(username or "", password or "")(resp.request)
+        req.register_hook("response", self.warn_on_401)
+
+        # On successful request, save the credentials that were used to
+        # keyring. (Note that if the user responded "no" above, this member
+        # is not set and nothing will be saved.)
+        if self._credentials_to_save:
+            req.register_hook("response", self.save_credentials)
+
+        # Send our new request
+        new_resp = resp.connection.send(req, **kwargs)
+        new_resp.history.append(resp)
+
+        return new_resp
+
+    def warn_on_401(self, resp: Response, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        """Response callback to warn about incorrect credentials."""
+        if resp.status_code == 401:
+            logger.warning(
+                "401 Error, Credentials not correct for %s",
+                resp.request.url,
+            )
+
+    def save_credentials(self, resp: Response, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        """Response callback to save credentials on success."""
+        assert keyring is not None, "should never reach here without keyring"
+        if not keyring:
+            return
+
+        creds = self._credentials_to_save
+        self._credentials_to_save = None
+        if creds and resp.status_code < 400:
+            try:
+                logger.info("Saving credentials to keyring")
+                keyring.set_password(*creds)
+            except Exception:
+                logger.exception("Failed to save credentials")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/cache.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9dba7ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+"""HTTP cache implementation.
+"""
+
+import os
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from typing import Iterator, Optional
+
+from pip._vendor.cachecontrol.cache import BaseCache
+from pip._vendor.cachecontrol.caches import FileCache
+from pip._vendor.requests.models import Response
+
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import adjacent_tmp_file, replace
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir
+
+
+def is_from_cache(response: Response) -> bool:
+    return getattr(response, "from_cache", False)
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def suppressed_cache_errors() -> Iterator[None]:
+    """If we can't access the cache then we can just skip caching and process
+    requests as if caching wasn't enabled.
+    """
+    try:
+        yield
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+
+
+class SafeFileCache(BaseCache):
+    """
+    A file based cache which is safe to use even when the target directory may
+    not be accessible or writable.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, directory: str) -> None:
+        assert directory is not None, "Cache directory must not be None."
+        super().__init__()
+        self.directory = directory
+
+    def _get_cache_path(self, name: str) -> str:
+        # From cachecontrol.caches.file_cache.FileCache._fn, brought into our
+        # class for backwards-compatibility and to avoid using a non-public
+        # method.
+        hashed = FileCache.encode(name)
+        parts = list(hashed[:5]) + [hashed]
+        return os.path.join(self.directory, *parts)
+
+    def get(self, key: str) -> Optional[bytes]:
+        path = self._get_cache_path(key)
+        with suppressed_cache_errors():
+            with open(path, "rb") as f:
+                return f.read()
+
+    def set(self, key: str, value: bytes, expires: Optional[int] = None) -> None:
+        path = self._get_cache_path(key)
+        with suppressed_cache_errors():
+            ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(path))
+
+            with adjacent_tmp_file(path) as f:
+                f.write(value)
+
+            replace(f.name, path)
+
+    def delete(self, key: str) -> None:
+        path = self._get_cache_path(key)
+        with suppressed_cache_errors():
+            os.remove(path)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/download.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/download.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35bc970
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/download.py
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+"""Download files with progress indicators.
+"""
+import cgi
+import logging
+import mimetypes
+import os
+from typing import Iterable, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.requests.models import CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE, Response
+
+from pip._internal.cli.progress_bars import get_download_progress_renderer
+from pip._internal.exceptions import NetworkConnectionError
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.network.cache import is_from_cache
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.network.utils import HEADERS, raise_for_status, response_chunks
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import format_size, redact_auth_from_url, splitext
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _get_http_response_size(resp: Response) -> Optional[int]:
+    try:
+        return int(resp.headers["content-length"])
+    except (ValueError, KeyError, TypeError):
+        return None
+
+
+def _prepare_download(
+    resp: Response,
+    link: Link,
+    progress_bar: str,
+) -> Iterable[bytes]:
+    total_length = _get_http_response_size(resp)
+
+    if link.netloc == PyPI.file_storage_domain:
+        url = link.show_url
+    else:
+        url = link.url_without_fragment
+
+    logged_url = redact_auth_from_url(url)
+
+    if total_length:
+        logged_url = "{} ({})".format(logged_url, format_size(total_length))
+
+    if is_from_cache(resp):
+        logger.info("Using cached %s", logged_url)
+    else:
+        logger.info("Downloading %s", logged_url)
+
+    if logger.getEffectiveLevel() > logging.INFO:
+        show_progress = False
+    elif is_from_cache(resp):
+        show_progress = False
+    elif not total_length:
+        show_progress = True
+    elif total_length > (40 * 1000):
+        show_progress = True
+    else:
+        show_progress = False
+
+    chunks = response_chunks(resp, CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE)
+
+    if not show_progress:
+        return chunks
+
+    renderer = get_download_progress_renderer(bar_type=progress_bar, size=total_length)
+    return renderer(chunks)
+
+
+def sanitize_content_filename(filename: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Sanitize the "filename" value from a Content-Disposition header.
+    """
+    return os.path.basename(filename)
+
+
+def parse_content_disposition(content_disposition: str, default_filename: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Parse the "filename" value from a Content-Disposition header, and
+    return the default filename if the result is empty.
+    """
+    _type, params = cgi.parse_header(content_disposition)
+    filename = params.get("filename")
+    if filename:
+        # We need to sanitize the filename to prevent directory traversal
+        # in case the filename contains ".." path parts.
+        filename = sanitize_content_filename(filename)
+    return filename or default_filename
+
+
+def _get_http_response_filename(resp: Response, link: Link) -> str:
+    """Get an ideal filename from the given HTTP response, falling back to
+    the link filename if not provided.
+    """
+    filename = link.filename  # fallback
+    # Have a look at the Content-Disposition header for a better guess
+    content_disposition = resp.headers.get("content-disposition")
+    if content_disposition:
+        filename = parse_content_disposition(content_disposition, filename)
+    ext: Optional[str] = splitext(filename)[1]
+    if not ext:
+        ext = mimetypes.guess_extension(resp.headers.get("content-type", ""))
+        if ext:
+            filename += ext
+    if not ext and link.url != resp.url:
+        ext = os.path.splitext(resp.url)[1]
+        if ext:
+            filename += ext
+    return filename
+
+
+def _http_get_download(session: PipSession, link: Link) -> Response:
+    target_url = link.url.split("#", 1)[0]
+    resp = session.get(target_url, headers=HEADERS, stream=True)
+    raise_for_status(resp)
+    return resp
+
+
+class Downloader:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        session: PipSession,
+        progress_bar: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+        self._progress_bar = progress_bar
+
+    def __call__(self, link: Link, location: str) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+        """Download the file given by link into location."""
+        try:
+            resp = _http_get_download(self._session, link)
+        except NetworkConnectionError as e:
+            assert e.response is not None
+            logger.critical(
+                "HTTP error %s while getting %s", e.response.status_code, link
+            )
+            raise
+
+        filename = _get_http_response_filename(resp, link)
+        filepath = os.path.join(location, filename)
+
+        chunks = _prepare_download(resp, link, self._progress_bar)
+        with open(filepath, "wb") as content_file:
+            for chunk in chunks:
+                content_file.write(chunk)
+        content_type = resp.headers.get("Content-Type", "")
+        return filepath, content_type
+
+
+class BatchDownloader:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        session: PipSession,
+        progress_bar: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+        self._progress_bar = progress_bar
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, links: Iterable[Link], location: str
+    ) -> Iterable[Tuple[Link, Tuple[str, str]]]:
+        """Download the files given by links into location."""
+        for link in links:
+            try:
+                resp = _http_get_download(self._session, link)
+            except NetworkConnectionError as e:
+                assert e.response is not None
+                logger.critical(
+                    "HTTP error %s while getting %s",
+                    e.response.status_code,
+                    link,
+                )
+                raise
+
+            filename = _get_http_response_filename(resp, link)
+            filepath = os.path.join(location, filename)
+
+            chunks = _prepare_download(resp, link, self._progress_bar)
+            with open(filepath, "wb") as content_file:
+                for chunk in chunks:
+                    content_file.write(chunk)
+            content_type = resp.headers.get("Content-Type", "")
+            yield link, (filepath, content_type)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/lazy_wheel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/lazy_wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9e44d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/lazy_wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+"""Lazy ZIP over HTTP"""
+
+__all__ = ["HTTPRangeRequestUnsupported", "dist_from_wheel_url"]
+
+from bisect import bisect_left, bisect_right
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterator, List, Optional, Tuple
+from zipfile import BadZipfile, ZipFile
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.requests.models import CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE, Response
+
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution, MemoryWheel, get_wheel_distribution
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.network.utils import HEADERS, raise_for_status, response_chunks
+
+
+class HTTPRangeRequestUnsupported(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+def dist_from_wheel_url(name: str, url: str, session: PipSession) -> BaseDistribution:
+    """Return a distribution object from the given wheel URL.
+
+    This uses HTTP range requests to only fetch the potion of the wheel
+    containing metadata, just enough for the object to be constructed.
+    If such requests are not supported, HTTPRangeRequestUnsupported
+    is raised.
+    """
+    with LazyZipOverHTTP(url, session) as zf:
+        # For read-only ZIP files, ZipFile only needs methods read,
+        # seek, seekable and tell, not the whole IO protocol.
+        wheel = MemoryWheel(zf.name, zf)  # type: ignore
+        # After context manager exit, wheel.name
+        # is an invalid file by intention.
+        return get_wheel_distribution(wheel, canonicalize_name(name))
+
+
+class LazyZipOverHTTP:
+    """File-like object mapped to a ZIP file over HTTP.
+
+    This uses HTTP range requests to lazily fetch the file's content,
+    which is supposed to be fed to ZipFile.  If such requests are not
+    supported by the server, raise HTTPRangeRequestUnsupported
+    during initialization.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, url: str, session: PipSession, chunk_size: int = CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE
+    ) -> None:
+        head = session.head(url, headers=HEADERS)
+        raise_for_status(head)
+        assert head.status_code == 200
+        self._session, self._url, self._chunk_size = session, url, chunk_size
+        self._length = int(head.headers["Content-Length"])
+        self._file = NamedTemporaryFile()
+        self.truncate(self._length)
+        self._left: List[int] = []
+        self._right: List[int] = []
+        if "bytes" not in head.headers.get("Accept-Ranges", "none"):
+            raise HTTPRangeRequestUnsupported("range request is not supported")
+        self._check_zip()
+
+    @property
+    def mode(self) -> str:
+        """Opening mode, which is always rb."""
+        return "rb"
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """Path to the underlying file."""
+        return self._file.name
+
+    def seekable(self) -> bool:
+        """Return whether random access is supported, which is True."""
+        return True
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Close the file."""
+        self._file.close()
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether the file is closed."""
+        return self._file.closed
+
+    def read(self, size: int = -1) -> bytes:
+        """Read up to size bytes from the object and return them.
+
+        As a convenience, if size is unspecified or -1,
+        all bytes until EOF are returned.  Fewer than
+        size bytes may be returned if EOF is reached.
+        """
+        download_size = max(size, self._chunk_size)
+        start, length = self.tell(), self._length
+        stop = length if size < 0 else min(start + download_size, length)
+        start = max(0, stop - download_size)
+        self._download(start, stop - 1)
+        return self._file.read(size)
+
+    def readable(self) -> bool:
+        """Return whether the file is readable, which is True."""
+        return True
+
+    def seek(self, offset: int, whence: int = 0) -> int:
+        """Change stream position and return the new absolute position.
+
+        Seek to offset relative position indicated by whence:
+        * 0: Start of stream (the default).  pos should be >= 0;
+        * 1: Current position - pos may be negative;
+        * 2: End of stream - pos usually negative.
+        """
+        return self._file.seek(offset, whence)
+
+    def tell(self) -> int:
+        """Return the current position."""
+        return self._file.tell()
+
+    def truncate(self, size: Optional[int] = None) -> int:
+        """Resize the stream to the given size in bytes.
+
+        If size is unspecified resize to the current position.
+        The current stream position isn't changed.
+
+        Return the new file size.
+        """
+        return self._file.truncate(size)
+
+    def writable(self) -> bool:
+        """Return False."""
+        return False
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "LazyZipOverHTTP":
+        self._file.__enter__()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *exc: Any) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return self._file.__exit__(*exc)
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def _stay(self) -> Iterator[None]:
+        """Return a context manager keeping the position.
+
+        At the end of the block, seek back to original position.
+        """
+        pos = self.tell()
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            self.seek(pos)
+
+    def _check_zip(self) -> None:
+        """Check and download until the file is a valid ZIP."""
+        end = self._length - 1
+        for start in reversed(range(0, end, self._chunk_size)):
+            self._download(start, end)
+            with self._stay():
+                try:
+                    # For read-only ZIP files, ZipFile only needs
+                    # methods read, seek, seekable and tell.
+                    ZipFile(self)  # type: ignore
+                except BadZipfile:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    break
+
+    def _stream_response(
+        self, start: int, end: int, base_headers: Dict[str, str] = HEADERS
+    ) -> Response:
+        """Return HTTP response to a range request from start to end."""
+        headers = base_headers.copy()
+        headers["Range"] = f"bytes={start}-{end}"
+        # TODO: Get range requests to be correctly cached
+        headers["Cache-Control"] = "no-cache"
+        return self._session.get(self._url, headers=headers, stream=True)
+
+    def _merge(
+        self, start: int, end: int, left: int, right: int
+    ) -> Iterator[Tuple[int, int]]:
+        """Return an iterator of intervals to be fetched.
+
+        Args:
+            start (int): Start of needed interval
+            end (int): End of needed interval
+            left (int): Index of first overlapping downloaded data
+            right (int): Index after last overlapping downloaded data
+        """
+        lslice, rslice = self._left[left:right], self._right[left:right]
+        i = start = min([start] + lslice[:1])
+        end = max([end] + rslice[-1:])
+        for j, k in zip(lslice, rslice):
+            if j > i:
+                yield i, j - 1
+            i = k + 1
+        if i <= end:
+            yield i, end
+        self._left[left:right], self._right[left:right] = [start], [end]
+
+    def _download(self, start: int, end: int) -> None:
+        """Download bytes from start to end inclusively."""
+        with self._stay():
+            left = bisect_left(self._right, start)
+            right = bisect_right(self._left, end)
+            for start, end in self._merge(start, end, left, right):
+                response = self._stream_response(start, end)
+                response.raise_for_status()
+                self.seek(start)
+                for chunk in response_chunks(response, self._chunk_size):
+                    self._file.write(chunk)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/session.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/session.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cbe743b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/session.py
@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+"""PipSession and supporting code, containing all pip-specific
+network request configuration and behavior.
+"""
+
+import email.utils
+import io
+import ipaddress
+import json
+import logging
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import platform
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import urllib.parse
+import warnings
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterator, List, Mapping, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Union
+
+from pip._vendor import requests, urllib3
+from pip._vendor.cachecontrol import CacheControlAdapter
+from pip._vendor.requests.adapters import BaseAdapter, HTTPAdapter
+from pip._vendor.requests.models import PreparedRequest, Response
+from pip._vendor.requests.structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.connectionpool import ConnectionPool
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
+
+from pip import __version__
+from pip._internal.metadata import get_default_environment
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.network.auth import MultiDomainBasicAuth
+from pip._internal.network.cache import SafeFileCache
+
+# Import ssl from compat so the initial import occurs in only one place.
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import has_tls
+from pip._internal.utils.glibc import libc_ver
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import build_url_from_netloc, parse_netloc
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import url_to_path
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+SecureOrigin = Tuple[str, str, Optional[Union[int, str]]]
+
+
+# Ignore warning raised when using --trusted-host.
+warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=InsecureRequestWarning)
+
+
+SECURE_ORIGINS: List[SecureOrigin] = [
+    # protocol, hostname, port
+    # Taken from Chrome's list of secure origins (See: http://bit.ly/1qrySKC)
+    ("https", "*", "*"),
+    ("*", "localhost", "*"),
+    ("*", "127.0.0.0/8", "*"),
+    ("*", "::1/128", "*"),
+    ("file", "*", None),
+    # ssh is always secure.
+    ("ssh", "*", "*"),
+]
+
+
+# These are environment variables present when running under various
+# CI systems.  For each variable, some CI systems that use the variable
+# are indicated.  The collection was chosen so that for each of a number
+# of popular systems, at least one of the environment variables is used.
+# This list is used to provide some indication of and lower bound for
+# CI traffic to PyPI.  Thus, it is okay if the list is not comprehensive.
+# For more background, see: https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/5499
+CI_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLES = (
+    # Azure Pipelines
+    "BUILD_BUILDID",
+    # Jenkins
+    "BUILD_ID",
+    # AppVeyor, CircleCI, Codeship, Gitlab CI, Shippable, Travis CI
+    "CI",
+    # Explicit environment variable.
+    "PIP_IS_CI",
+)
+
+
+def looks_like_ci() -> bool:
+    """
+    Return whether it looks like pip is running under CI.
+    """
+    # We don't use the method of checking for a tty (e.g. using isatty())
+    # because some CI systems mimic a tty (e.g. Travis CI).  Thus that
+    # method doesn't provide definitive information in either direction.
+    return any(name in os.environ for name in CI_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLES)
+
+
+def user_agent() -> str:
+    """
+    Return a string representing the user agent.
+    """
+    data: Dict[str, Any] = {
+        "installer": {"name": "pip", "version": __version__},
+        "python": platform.python_version(),
+        "implementation": {
+            "name": platform.python_implementation(),
+        },
+    }
+
+    if data["implementation"]["name"] == "CPython":
+        data["implementation"]["version"] = platform.python_version()
+    elif data["implementation"]["name"] == "PyPy":
+        pypy_version_info = sys.pypy_version_info  # type: ignore
+        if pypy_version_info.releaselevel == "final":
+            pypy_version_info = pypy_version_info[:3]
+        data["implementation"]["version"] = ".".join(
+            [str(x) for x in pypy_version_info]
+        )
+    elif data["implementation"]["name"] == "Jython":
+        # Complete Guess
+        data["implementation"]["version"] = platform.python_version()
+    elif data["implementation"]["name"] == "IronPython":
+        # Complete Guess
+        data["implementation"]["version"] = platform.python_version()
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
+        from pip._vendor import distro
+
+        linux_distribution = distro.name(), distro.version(), distro.codename()
+        distro_infos: Dict[str, Any] = dict(
+            filter(
+                lambda x: x[1],
+                zip(["name", "version", "id"], linux_distribution),
+            )
+        )
+        libc = dict(
+            filter(
+                lambda x: x[1],
+                zip(["lib", "version"], libc_ver()),
+            )
+        )
+        if libc:
+            distro_infos["libc"] = libc
+        if distro_infos:
+            data["distro"] = distro_infos
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("darwin") and platform.mac_ver()[0]:
+        data["distro"] = {"name": "macOS", "version": platform.mac_ver()[0]}
+
+    if platform.system():
+        data.setdefault("system", {})["name"] = platform.system()
+
+    if platform.release():
+        data.setdefault("system", {})["release"] = platform.release()
+
+    if platform.machine():
+        data["cpu"] = platform.machine()
+
+    if has_tls():
+        import _ssl as ssl
+
+        data["openssl_version"] = ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION
+
+    setuptools_dist = get_default_environment().get_distribution("setuptools")
+    if setuptools_dist is not None:
+        data["setuptools_version"] = str(setuptools_dist.version)
+
+    if shutil.which("rustc") is not None:
+        # If for any reason `rustc --version` fails, silently ignore it
+        try:
+            rustc_output = subprocess.check_output(
+                ["rustc", "--version"], stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, timeout=0.5
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        else:
+            if rustc_output.startswith(b"rustc "):
+                # The format of `rustc --version` is:
+                # `b'rustc 1.52.1 (9bc8c42bb 2021-05-09)\n'`
+                # We extract just the middle (1.52.1) part
+                data["rustc_version"] = rustc_output.split(b" ")[1].decode()
+
+    # Use None rather than False so as not to give the impression that
+    # pip knows it is not being run under CI.  Rather, it is a null or
+    # inconclusive result.  Also, we include some value rather than no
+    # value to make it easier to know that the check has been run.
+    data["ci"] = True if looks_like_ci() else None
+
+    user_data = os.environ.get("PIP_USER_AGENT_USER_DATA")
+    if user_data is not None:
+        data["user_data"] = user_data
+
+    return "{data[installer][name]}/{data[installer][version]} {json}".format(
+        data=data,
+        json=json.dumps(data, separators=(",", ":"), sort_keys=True),
+    )
+
+
+class LocalFSAdapter(BaseAdapter):
+    def send(
+        self,
+        request: PreparedRequest,
+        stream: bool = False,
+        timeout: Optional[Union[float, Tuple[float, float]]] = None,
+        verify: Union[bool, str] = True,
+        cert: Optional[Union[str, Tuple[str, str]]] = None,
+        proxies: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    ) -> Response:
+        pathname = url_to_path(request.url)
+
+        resp = Response()
+        resp.status_code = 200
+        resp.url = request.url
+
+        try:
+            stats = os.stat(pathname)
+        except OSError as exc:
+            # format the exception raised as a io.BytesIO object,
+            # to return a better error message:
+            resp.status_code = 404
+            resp.reason = type(exc).__name__
+            resp.raw = io.BytesIO(f"{resp.reason}: {exc}".encode("utf8"))
+        else:
+            modified = email.utils.formatdate(stats.st_mtime, usegmt=True)
+            content_type = mimetypes.guess_type(pathname)[0] or "text/plain"
+            resp.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(
+                {
+                    "Content-Type": content_type,
+                    "Content-Length": stats.st_size,
+                    "Last-Modified": modified,
+                }
+            )
+
+            resp.raw = open(pathname, "rb")
+            resp.close = resp.raw.close
+
+        return resp
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+class InsecureHTTPAdapter(HTTPAdapter):
+    def cert_verify(
+        self,
+        conn: ConnectionPool,
+        url: str,
+        verify: Union[bool, str],
+        cert: Optional[Union[str, Tuple[str, str]]],
+    ) -> None:
+        super().cert_verify(conn=conn, url=url, verify=False, cert=cert)
+
+
+class InsecureCacheControlAdapter(CacheControlAdapter):
+    def cert_verify(
+        self,
+        conn: ConnectionPool,
+        url: str,
+        verify: Union[bool, str],
+        cert: Optional[Union[str, Tuple[str, str]]],
+    ) -> None:
+        super().cert_verify(conn=conn, url=url, verify=False, cert=cert)
+
+
+class PipSession(requests.Session):
+
+    timeout: Optional[int] = None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *args: Any,
+        retries: int = 0,
+        cache: Optional[str] = None,
+        trusted_hosts: Sequence[str] = (),
+        index_urls: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param trusted_hosts: Domains not to emit warnings for when not using
+            HTTPS.
+        """
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        # Namespace the attribute with "pip_" just in case to prevent
+        # possible conflicts with the base class.
+        self.pip_trusted_origins: List[Tuple[str, Optional[int]]] = []
+
+        # Attach our User Agent to the request
+        self.headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent()
+
+        # Attach our Authentication handler to the session
+        self.auth = MultiDomainBasicAuth(index_urls=index_urls)
+
+        # Create our urllib3.Retry instance which will allow us to customize
+        # how we handle retries.
+        retries = urllib3.Retry(
+            # Set the total number of retries that a particular request can
+            # have.
+            total=retries,
+            # A 503 error from PyPI typically means that the Fastly -> Origin
+            # connection got interrupted in some way. A 503 error in general
+            # is typically considered a transient error so we'll go ahead and
+            # retry it.
+            # A 500 may indicate transient error in Amazon S3
+            # A 520 or 527 - may indicate transient error in CloudFlare
+            status_forcelist=[500, 503, 520, 527],
+            # Add a small amount of back off between failed requests in
+            # order to prevent hammering the service.
+            backoff_factor=0.25,
+        )  # type: ignore
+
+        # Our Insecure HTTPAdapter disables HTTPS validation. It does not
+        # support caching so we'll use it for all http:// URLs.
+        # If caching is disabled, we will also use it for
+        # https:// hosts that we've marked as ignoring
+        # TLS errors for (trusted-hosts).
+        insecure_adapter = InsecureHTTPAdapter(max_retries=retries)
+
+        # We want to _only_ cache responses on securely fetched origins or when
+        # the host is specified as trusted. We do this because
+        # we can't validate the response of an insecurely/untrusted fetched
+        # origin, and we don't want someone to be able to poison the cache and
+        # require manual eviction from the cache to fix it.
+        if cache:
+            secure_adapter = CacheControlAdapter(
+                cache=SafeFileCache(cache),
+                max_retries=retries,
+            )
+            self._trusted_host_adapter = InsecureCacheControlAdapter(
+                cache=SafeFileCache(cache),
+                max_retries=retries,
+            )
+        else:
+            secure_adapter = HTTPAdapter(max_retries=retries)
+            self._trusted_host_adapter = insecure_adapter
+
+        self.mount("https://", secure_adapter)
+        self.mount("http://", insecure_adapter)
+
+        # Enable file:// urls
+        self.mount("file://", LocalFSAdapter())
+
+        for host in trusted_hosts:
+            self.add_trusted_host(host, suppress_logging=True)
+
+    def update_index_urls(self, new_index_urls: List[str]) -> None:
+        """
+        :param new_index_urls: New index urls to update the authentication
+            handler with.
+        """
+        self.auth.index_urls = new_index_urls
+
+    def add_trusted_host(
+        self, host: str, source: Optional[str] = None, suppress_logging: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param host: It is okay to provide a host that has previously been
+            added.
+        :param source: An optional source string, for logging where the host
+            string came from.
+        """
+        if not suppress_logging:
+            msg = f"adding trusted host: {host!r}"
+            if source is not None:
+                msg += f" (from {source})"
+            logger.info(msg)
+
+        host_port = parse_netloc(host)
+        if host_port not in self.pip_trusted_origins:
+            self.pip_trusted_origins.append(host_port)
+
+        self.mount(
+            build_url_from_netloc(host, scheme="http") + "/", self._trusted_host_adapter
+        )
+        self.mount(build_url_from_netloc(host) + "/", self._trusted_host_adapter)
+        if not host_port[1]:
+            self.mount(
+                build_url_from_netloc(host, scheme="http") + ":",
+                self._trusted_host_adapter,
+            )
+            # Mount wildcard ports for the same host.
+            self.mount(build_url_from_netloc(host) + ":", self._trusted_host_adapter)
+
+    def iter_secure_origins(self) -> Iterator[SecureOrigin]:
+        yield from SECURE_ORIGINS
+        for host, port in self.pip_trusted_origins:
+            yield ("*", host, "*" if port is None else port)
+
+    def is_secure_origin(self, location: Link) -> bool:
+        # Determine if this url used a secure transport mechanism
+        parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(str(location))
+        origin_protocol, origin_host, origin_port = (
+            parsed.scheme,
+            parsed.hostname,
+            parsed.port,
+        )
+
+        # The protocol to use to see if the protocol matches.
+        # Don't count the repository type as part of the protocol: in
+        # cases such as "git+ssh", only use "ssh". (I.e., Only verify against
+        # the last scheme.)
+        origin_protocol = origin_protocol.rsplit("+", 1)[-1]
+
+        # Determine if our origin is a secure origin by looking through our
+        # hardcoded list of secure origins, as well as any additional ones
+        # configured on this PackageFinder instance.
+        for secure_origin in self.iter_secure_origins():
+            secure_protocol, secure_host, secure_port = secure_origin
+            if origin_protocol != secure_protocol and secure_protocol != "*":
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                addr = ipaddress.ip_address(origin_host)
+                network = ipaddress.ip_network(secure_host)
+            except ValueError:
+                # We don't have both a valid address or a valid network, so
+                # we'll check this origin against hostnames.
+                if (
+                    origin_host
+                    and origin_host.lower() != secure_host.lower()
+                    and secure_host != "*"
+                ):
+                    continue
+            else:
+                # We have a valid address and network, so see if the address
+                # is contained within the network.
+                if addr not in network:
+                    continue
+
+            # Check to see if the port matches.
+            if (
+                origin_port != secure_port
+                and secure_port != "*"
+                and secure_port is not None
+            ):
+                continue
+
+            # If we've gotten here, then this origin matches the current
+            # secure origin and we should return True
+            return True
+
+        # If we've gotten to this point, then the origin isn't secure and we
+        # will not accept it as a valid location to search. We will however
+        # log a warning that we are ignoring it.
+        logger.warning(
+            "The repository located at %s is not a trusted or secure host and "
+            "is being ignored. If this repository is available via HTTPS we "
+            "recommend you use HTTPS instead, otherwise you may silence "
+            "this warning and allow it anyway with '--trusted-host %s'.",
+            origin_host,
+            origin_host,
+        )
+
+        return False
+
+    def request(self, method: str, url: str, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Response:
+        # Allow setting a default timeout on a session
+        kwargs.setdefault("timeout", self.timeout)
+
+        # Dispatch the actual request
+        return super().request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..094cf1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+from typing import Dict, Iterator
+
+from pip._vendor.requests.models import CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE, Response
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import NetworkConnectionError
+
+# The following comments and HTTP headers were originally added by
+# Donald Stufft in git commit 22c562429a61bb77172039e480873fb239dd8c03.
+#
+# We use Accept-Encoding: identity here because requests defaults to
+# accepting compressed responses. This breaks in a variety of ways
+# depending on how the server is configured.
+# - Some servers will notice that the file isn't a compressible file
+#   and will leave the file alone and with an empty Content-Encoding
+# - Some servers will notice that the file is already compressed and
+#   will leave the file alone, adding a Content-Encoding: gzip header
+# - Some servers won't notice anything at all and will take a file
+#   that's already been compressed and compress it again, and set
+#   the Content-Encoding: gzip header
+# By setting this to request only the identity encoding we're hoping
+# to eliminate the third case.  Hopefully there does not exist a server
+# which when given a file will notice it is already compressed and that
+# you're not asking for a compressed file and will then decompress it
+# before sending because if that's the case I don't think it'll ever be
+# possible to make this work.
+HEADERS: Dict[str, str] = {"Accept-Encoding": "identity"}
+
+
+def raise_for_status(resp: Response) -> None:
+    http_error_msg = ""
+    if isinstance(resp.reason, bytes):
+        # We attempt to decode utf-8 first because some servers
+        # choose to localize their reason strings. If the string
+        # isn't utf-8, we fall back to iso-8859-1 for all other
+        # encodings.
+        try:
+            reason = resp.reason.decode("utf-8")
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            reason = resp.reason.decode("iso-8859-1")
+    else:
+        reason = resp.reason
+
+    if 400 <= resp.status_code < 500:
+        http_error_msg = (
+            f"{resp.status_code} Client Error: {reason} for url: {resp.url}"
+        )
+
+    elif 500 <= resp.status_code < 600:
+        http_error_msg = (
+            f"{resp.status_code} Server Error: {reason} for url: {resp.url}"
+        )
+
+    if http_error_msg:
+        raise NetworkConnectionError(http_error_msg, response=resp)
+
+
+def response_chunks(
+    response: Response, chunk_size: int = CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE
+) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+    """Given a requests Response, provide the data chunks."""
+    try:
+        # Special case for urllib3.
+        for chunk in response.raw.stream(
+            chunk_size,
+            # We use decode_content=False here because we don't
+            # want urllib3 to mess with the raw bytes we get
+            # from the server. If we decompress inside of
+            # urllib3 then we cannot verify the checksum
+            # because the checksum will be of the compressed
+            # file. This breakage will only occur if the
+            # server adds a Content-Encoding header, which
+            # depends on how the server was configured:
+            # - Some servers will notice that the file isn't a
+            #   compressible file and will leave the file alone
+            #   and with an empty Content-Encoding
+            # - Some servers will notice that the file is
+            #   already compressed and will leave the file
+            #   alone and will add a Content-Encoding: gzip
+            #   header
+            # - Some servers won't notice anything at all and
+            #   will take a file that's already been compressed
+            #   and compress it again and set the
+            #   Content-Encoding: gzip header
+            #
+            # By setting this not to decode automatically we
+            # hope to eliminate problems with the second case.
+            decode_content=False,
+        ):
+            yield chunk
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Standard file-like object.
+        while True:
+            chunk = response.raw.read(chunk_size)
+            if not chunk:
+                break
+            yield chunk
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/xmlrpc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/xmlrpc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a7d55d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/xmlrpc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""xmlrpclib.Transport implementation
+"""
+
+import logging
+import urllib.parse
+import xmlrpc.client
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import NetworkConnectionError
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.network.utils import raise_for_status
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from xmlrpc.client import _HostType, _Marshallable
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class PipXmlrpcTransport(xmlrpc.client.Transport):
+    """Provide a `xmlrpclib.Transport` implementation via a `PipSession`
+    object.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, index_url: str, session: PipSession, use_datetime: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(use_datetime)
+        index_parts = urllib.parse.urlparse(index_url)
+        self._scheme = index_parts.scheme
+        self._session = session
+
+    def request(
+        self,
+        host: "_HostType",
+        handler: str,
+        request_body: bytes,
+        verbose: bool = False,
+    ) -> Tuple["_Marshallable", ...]:
+        assert isinstance(host, str)
+        parts = (self._scheme, host, handler, None, None, None)
+        url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(parts)
+        try:
+            headers = {"Content-Type": "text/xml"}
+            response = self._session.post(
+                url,
+                data=request_body,
+                headers=headers,
+                stream=True,
+            )
+            raise_for_status(response)
+            self.verbose = verbose
+            return self.parse_response(response.raw)
+        except NetworkConnectionError as exc:
+            assert exc.response
+            logger.critical(
+                "HTTP error %s while getting %s",
+                exc.response.status_code,
+                url,
+            )
+            raise
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/metadata.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/metadata.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2b7b44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/metadata.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""Metadata generation logic for source distributions.
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from pip._vendor.pep517.wrappers import Pep517HookCaller
+
+from pip._internal.build_env import BuildEnvironment
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    InstallationSubprocessError,
+    MetadataGenerationFailed,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import runner_with_spinner_message
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+
+
+def generate_metadata(
+    build_env: BuildEnvironment, backend: Pep517HookCaller, details: str
+) -> str:
+    """Generate metadata using mechanisms described in PEP 517.
+
+    Returns the generated metadata directory.
+    """
+    metadata_tmpdir = TempDirectory(kind="modern-metadata", globally_managed=True)
+
+    metadata_dir = metadata_tmpdir.path
+
+    with build_env:
+        # Note that Pep517HookCaller implements a fallback for
+        # prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel, so we don't have to
+        # consider the possibility that this hook doesn't exist.
+        runner = runner_with_spinner_message("Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml)")
+        with backend.subprocess_runner(runner):
+            try:
+                distinfo_dir = backend.prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel(metadata_dir)
+            except InstallationSubprocessError as error:
+                raise MetadataGenerationFailed(package_details=details) from error
+
+    return os.path.join(metadata_dir, distinfo_dir)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/metadata_editable.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/metadata_editable.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c3f48b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/metadata_editable.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+"""Metadata generation logic for source distributions.
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from pip._vendor.pep517.wrappers import Pep517HookCaller
+
+from pip._internal.build_env import BuildEnvironment
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    InstallationSubprocessError,
+    MetadataGenerationFailed,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import runner_with_spinner_message
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+
+
+def generate_editable_metadata(
+    build_env: BuildEnvironment, backend: Pep517HookCaller, details: str
+) -> str:
+    """Generate metadata using mechanisms described in PEP 660.
+
+    Returns the generated metadata directory.
+    """
+    metadata_tmpdir = TempDirectory(kind="modern-metadata", globally_managed=True)
+
+    metadata_dir = metadata_tmpdir.path
+
+    with build_env:
+        # Note that Pep517HookCaller implements a fallback for
+        # prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel/editable, so we don't have to
+        # consider the possibility that this hook doesn't exist.
+        runner = runner_with_spinner_message(
+            "Preparing editable metadata (pyproject.toml)"
+        )
+        with backend.subprocess_runner(runner):
+            try:
+                distinfo_dir = backend.prepare_metadata_for_build_editable(metadata_dir)
+            except InstallationSubprocessError as error:
+                raise MetadataGenerationFailed(package_details=details) from error
+
+    return os.path.join(metadata_dir, distinfo_dir)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/metadata_legacy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/metadata_legacy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e60988d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/metadata_legacy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+"""Metadata generation logic for legacy source distributions.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+
+from pip._internal.build_env import BuildEnvironment
+from pip._internal.cli.spinners import open_spinner
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    InstallationError,
+    InstallationSubprocessError,
+    MetadataGenerationFailed,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.setuptools_build import make_setuptools_egg_info_args
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import call_subprocess
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _find_egg_info(directory: str) -> str:
+    """Find an .egg-info subdirectory in `directory`."""
+    filenames = [f for f in os.listdir(directory) if f.endswith(".egg-info")]
+
+    if not filenames:
+        raise InstallationError(f"No .egg-info directory found in {directory}")
+
+    if len(filenames) > 1:
+        raise InstallationError(
+            "More than one .egg-info directory found in {}".format(directory)
+        )
+
+    return os.path.join(directory, filenames[0])
+
+
+def generate_metadata(
+    build_env: BuildEnvironment,
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    source_dir: str,
+    isolated: bool,
+    details: str,
+) -> str:
+    """Generate metadata using setup.py-based defacto mechanisms.
+
+    Returns the generated metadata directory.
+    """
+    logger.debug(
+        "Running setup.py (path:%s) egg_info for package %s",
+        setup_py_path,
+        details,
+    )
+
+    egg_info_dir = TempDirectory(kind="pip-egg-info", globally_managed=True).path
+
+    args = make_setuptools_egg_info_args(
+        setup_py_path,
+        egg_info_dir=egg_info_dir,
+        no_user_config=isolated,
+    )
+
+    with build_env:
+        with open_spinner("Preparing metadata (setup.py)") as spinner:
+            try:
+                call_subprocess(
+                    args,
+                    cwd=source_dir,
+                    command_desc="python setup.py egg_info",
+                    spinner=spinner,
+                )
+            except InstallationSubprocessError as error:
+                raise MetadataGenerationFailed(package_details=details) from error
+
+    # Return the .egg-info directory.
+    return _find_egg_info(egg_info_dir)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/wheel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0d2fc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import logging
+import os
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pip._vendor.pep517.wrappers import Pep517HookCaller
+
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import runner_with_spinner_message
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def build_wheel_pep517(
+    name: str,
+    backend: Pep517HookCaller,
+    metadata_directory: str,
+    tempd: str,
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Build one InstallRequirement using the PEP 517 build process.
+
+    Returns path to wheel if successfully built. Otherwise, returns None.
+    """
+    assert metadata_directory is not None
+    try:
+        logger.debug("Destination directory: %s", tempd)
+
+        runner = runner_with_spinner_message(
+            f"Building wheel for {name} (pyproject.toml)"
+        )
+        with backend.subprocess_runner(runner):
+            wheel_name = backend.build_wheel(
+                tempd,
+                metadata_directory=metadata_directory,
+            )
+    except Exception:
+        logger.error("Failed building wheel for %s", name)
+        return None
+    return os.path.join(tempd, wheel_name)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/wheel_editable.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/wheel_editable.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf7b01a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/wheel_editable.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import logging
+import os
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pip._vendor.pep517.wrappers import HookMissing, Pep517HookCaller
+
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import runner_with_spinner_message
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def build_wheel_editable(
+    name: str,
+    backend: Pep517HookCaller,
+    metadata_directory: str,
+    tempd: str,
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Build one InstallRequirement using the PEP 660 build process.
+
+    Returns path to wheel if successfully built. Otherwise, returns None.
+    """
+    assert metadata_directory is not None
+    try:
+        logger.debug("Destination directory: %s", tempd)
+
+        runner = runner_with_spinner_message(
+            f"Building editable for {name} (pyproject.toml)"
+        )
+        with backend.subprocess_runner(runner):
+            try:
+                wheel_name = backend.build_editable(
+                    tempd,
+                    metadata_directory=metadata_directory,
+                )
+            except HookMissing as e:
+                logger.error(
+                    "Cannot build editable %s because the build "
+                    "backend does not have the %s hook",
+                    name,
+                    e,
+                )
+                return None
+    except Exception:
+        logger.error("Failed building editable for %s", name)
+        return None
+    return os.path.join(tempd, wheel_name)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/wheel_legacy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/wheel_legacy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5f0492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/build/wheel_legacy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+import logging
+import os.path
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+from pip._internal.cli.spinners import open_spinner
+from pip._internal.utils.setuptools_build import make_setuptools_bdist_wheel_args
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import call_subprocess, format_command_args
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def format_command_result(
+    command_args: List[str],
+    command_output: str,
+) -> str:
+    """Format command information for logging."""
+    command_desc = format_command_args(command_args)
+    text = f"Command arguments: {command_desc}\n"
+
+    if not command_output:
+        text += "Command output: None"
+    elif logger.getEffectiveLevel() > logging.DEBUG:
+        text += "Command output: [use --verbose to show]"
+    else:
+        if not command_output.endswith("\n"):
+            command_output += "\n"
+        text += f"Command output:\n{command_output}"
+
+    return text
+
+
+def get_legacy_build_wheel_path(
+    names: List[str],
+    temp_dir: str,
+    name: str,
+    command_args: List[str],
+    command_output: str,
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Return the path to the wheel in the temporary build directory."""
+    # Sort for determinism.
+    names = sorted(names)
+    if not names:
+        msg = ("Legacy build of wheel for {!r} created no files.\n").format(name)
+        msg += format_command_result(command_args, command_output)
+        logger.warning(msg)
+        return None
+
+    if len(names) > 1:
+        msg = (
+            "Legacy build of wheel for {!r} created more than one file.\n"
+            "Filenames (choosing first): {}\n"
+        ).format(name, names)
+        msg += format_command_result(command_args, command_output)
+        logger.warning(msg)
+
+    return os.path.join(temp_dir, names[0])
+
+
+def build_wheel_legacy(
+    name: str,
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    source_dir: str,
+    global_options: List[str],
+    build_options: List[str],
+    tempd: str,
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Build one unpacked package using the "legacy" build process.
+
+    Returns path to wheel if successfully built. Otherwise, returns None.
+    """
+    wheel_args = make_setuptools_bdist_wheel_args(
+        setup_py_path,
+        global_options=global_options,
+        build_options=build_options,
+        destination_dir=tempd,
+    )
+
+    spin_message = f"Building wheel for {name} (setup.py)"
+    with open_spinner(spin_message) as spinner:
+        logger.debug("Destination directory: %s", tempd)
+
+        try:
+            output = call_subprocess(
+                wheel_args,
+                command_desc="python setup.py bdist_wheel",
+                cwd=source_dir,
+                spinner=spinner,
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            spinner.finish("error")
+            logger.error("Failed building wheel for %s", name)
+            return None
+
+        names = os.listdir(tempd)
+        wheel_path = get_legacy_build_wheel_path(
+            names=names,
+            temp_dir=tempd,
+            name=name,
+            command_args=wheel_args,
+            command_output=output,
+        )
+        return wheel_path
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/check.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/check.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb3ac8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/check.py
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+"""Validation of dependencies of packages
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import Callable, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Set, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import Requirement
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import NormalizedName, canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.distributions import make_distribution_for_install_requirement
+from pip._internal.metadata import get_default_environment
+from pip._internal.metadata.base import DistributionVersion
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class PackageDetails(NamedTuple):
+    version: DistributionVersion
+    dependencies: List[Requirement]
+
+
+# Shorthands
+PackageSet = Dict[NormalizedName, PackageDetails]
+Missing = Tuple[NormalizedName, Requirement]
+Conflicting = Tuple[NormalizedName, DistributionVersion, Requirement]
+
+MissingDict = Dict[NormalizedName, List[Missing]]
+ConflictingDict = Dict[NormalizedName, List[Conflicting]]
+CheckResult = Tuple[MissingDict, ConflictingDict]
+ConflictDetails = Tuple[PackageSet, CheckResult]
+
+
+def create_package_set_from_installed() -> Tuple[PackageSet, bool]:
+    """Converts a list of distributions into a PackageSet."""
+    package_set = {}
+    problems = False
+    env = get_default_environment()
+    for dist in env.iter_installed_distributions(local_only=False, skip=()):
+        name = dist.canonical_name
+        try:
+            dependencies = list(dist.iter_dependencies())
+            package_set[name] = PackageDetails(dist.version, dependencies)
+        except (OSError, ValueError) as e:
+            # Don't crash on unreadable or broken metadata.
+            logger.warning("Error parsing requirements for %s: %s", name, e)
+            problems = True
+    return package_set, problems
+
+
+def check_package_set(
+    package_set: PackageSet, should_ignore: Optional[Callable[[str], bool]] = None
+) -> CheckResult:
+    """Check if a package set is consistent
+
+    If should_ignore is passed, it should be a callable that takes a
+    package name and returns a boolean.
+    """
+
+    missing = {}
+    conflicting = {}
+
+    for package_name, package_detail in package_set.items():
+        # Info about dependencies of package_name
+        missing_deps: Set[Missing] = set()
+        conflicting_deps: Set[Conflicting] = set()
+
+        if should_ignore and should_ignore(package_name):
+            continue
+
+        for req in package_detail.dependencies:
+            name = canonicalize_name(req.name)
+
+            # Check if it's missing
+            if name not in package_set:
+                missed = True
+                if req.marker is not None:
+                    missed = req.marker.evaluate()
+                if missed:
+                    missing_deps.add((name, req))
+                continue
+
+            # Check if there's a conflict
+            version = package_set[name].version
+            if not req.specifier.contains(version, prereleases=True):
+                conflicting_deps.add((name, version, req))
+
+        if missing_deps:
+            missing[package_name] = sorted(missing_deps, key=str)
+        if conflicting_deps:
+            conflicting[package_name] = sorted(conflicting_deps, key=str)
+
+    return missing, conflicting
+
+
+def check_install_conflicts(to_install: List[InstallRequirement]) -> ConflictDetails:
+    """For checking if the dependency graph would be consistent after \
+    installing given requirements
+    """
+    # Start from the current state
+    package_set, _ = create_package_set_from_installed()
+    # Install packages
+    would_be_installed = _simulate_installation_of(to_install, package_set)
+
+    # Only warn about directly-dependent packages; create a whitelist of them
+    whitelist = _create_whitelist(would_be_installed, package_set)
+
+    return (
+        package_set,
+        check_package_set(
+            package_set, should_ignore=lambda name: name not in whitelist
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+def _simulate_installation_of(
+    to_install: List[InstallRequirement], package_set: PackageSet
+) -> Set[NormalizedName]:
+    """Computes the version of packages after installing to_install."""
+    # Keep track of packages that were installed
+    installed = set()
+
+    # Modify it as installing requirement_set would (assuming no errors)
+    for inst_req in to_install:
+        abstract_dist = make_distribution_for_install_requirement(inst_req)
+        dist = abstract_dist.get_metadata_distribution()
+        name = dist.canonical_name
+        package_set[name] = PackageDetails(dist.version, list(dist.iter_dependencies()))
+
+        installed.add(name)
+
+    return installed
+
+
+def _create_whitelist(
+    would_be_installed: Set[NormalizedName], package_set: PackageSet
+) -> Set[NormalizedName]:
+    packages_affected = set(would_be_installed)
+
+    for package_name in package_set:
+        if package_name in packages_affected:
+            continue
+
+        for req in package_set[package_name].dependencies:
+            if canonicalize_name(req.name) in packages_affected:
+                packages_affected.add(package_name)
+                break
+
+    return packages_affected
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/freeze.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/freeze.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4565540
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/freeze.py
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+import collections
+import logging
+import os
+from typing import Container, Dict, Iterable, Iterator, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Set
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import Version
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import BadCommand, InstallationError
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution, get_environment
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import (
+    install_req_from_editable,
+    install_req_from_line,
+)
+from pip._internal.req.req_file import COMMENT_RE
+from pip._internal.utils.direct_url_helpers import direct_url_as_pep440_direct_reference
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class _EditableInfo(NamedTuple):
+    requirement: str
+    comments: List[str]
+
+
+def freeze(
+    requirement: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    local_only: bool = False,
+    user_only: bool = False,
+    paths: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    exclude_editable: bool = False,
+    skip: Container[str] = (),
+) -> Iterator[str]:
+    installations: Dict[str, FrozenRequirement] = {}
+
+    dists = get_environment(paths).iter_installed_distributions(
+        local_only=local_only,
+        skip=(),
+        user_only=user_only,
+    )
+    for dist in dists:
+        req = FrozenRequirement.from_dist(dist)
+        if exclude_editable and req.editable:
+            continue
+        installations[req.canonical_name] = req
+
+    if requirement:
+        # the options that don't get turned into an InstallRequirement
+        # should only be emitted once, even if the same option is in multiple
+        # requirements files, so we need to keep track of what has been emitted
+        # so that we don't emit it again if it's seen again
+        emitted_options: Set[str] = set()
+        # keep track of which files a requirement is in so that we can
+        # give an accurate warning if a requirement appears multiple times.
+        req_files: Dict[str, List[str]] = collections.defaultdict(list)
+        for req_file_path in requirement:
+            with open(req_file_path) as req_file:
+                for line in req_file:
+                    if (
+                        not line.strip()
+                        or line.strip().startswith("#")
+                        or line.startswith(
+                            (
+                                "-r",
+                                "--requirement",
+                                "-f",
+                                "--find-links",
+                                "-i",
+                                "--index-url",
+                                "--pre",
+                                "--trusted-host",
+                                "--process-dependency-links",
+                                "--extra-index-url",
+                                "--use-feature",
+                            )
+                        )
+                    ):
+                        line = line.rstrip()
+                        if line not in emitted_options:
+                            emitted_options.add(line)
+                            yield line
+                        continue
+
+                    if line.startswith("-e") or line.startswith("--editable"):
+                        if line.startswith("-e"):
+                            line = line[2:].strip()
+                        else:
+                            line = line[len("--editable") :].strip().lstrip("=")
+                        line_req = install_req_from_editable(
+                            line,
+                            isolated=isolated,
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        line_req = install_req_from_line(
+                            COMMENT_RE.sub("", line).strip(),
+                            isolated=isolated,
+                        )
+
+                    if not line_req.name:
+                        logger.info(
+                            "Skipping line in requirement file [%s] because "
+                            "it's not clear what it would install: %s",
+                            req_file_path,
+                            line.strip(),
+                        )
+                        logger.info(
+                            "  (add #egg=PackageName to the URL to avoid"
+                            " this warning)"
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        line_req_canonical_name = canonicalize_name(line_req.name)
+                        if line_req_canonical_name not in installations:
+                            # either it's not installed, or it is installed
+                            # but has been processed already
+                            if not req_files[line_req.name]:
+                                logger.warning(
+                                    "Requirement file [%s] contains %s, but "
+                                    "package %r is not installed",
+                                    req_file_path,
+                                    COMMENT_RE.sub("", line).strip(),
+                                    line_req.name,
+                                )
+                            else:
+                                req_files[line_req.name].append(req_file_path)
+                        else:
+                            yield str(installations[line_req_canonical_name]).rstrip()
+                            del installations[line_req_canonical_name]
+                            req_files[line_req.name].append(req_file_path)
+
+        # Warn about requirements that were included multiple times (in a
+        # single requirements file or in different requirements files).
+        for name, files in req_files.items():
+            if len(files) > 1:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Requirement %s included multiple times [%s]",
+                    name,
+                    ", ".join(sorted(set(files))),
+                )
+
+        yield ("## The following requirements were added by pip freeze:")
+    for installation in sorted(installations.values(), key=lambda x: x.name.lower()):
+        if installation.canonical_name not in skip:
+            yield str(installation).rstrip()
+
+
+def _format_as_name_version(dist: BaseDistribution) -> str:
+    if isinstance(dist.version, Version):
+        return f"{dist.raw_name}=={dist.version}"
+    return f"{dist.raw_name}==={dist.version}"
+
+
+def _get_editable_info(dist: BaseDistribution) -> _EditableInfo:
+    """
+    Compute and return values (req, comments) for use in
+    FrozenRequirement.from_dist().
+    """
+    editable_project_location = dist.editable_project_location
+    assert editable_project_location
+    location = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(editable_project_location))
+
+    from pip._internal.vcs import RemoteNotFoundError, RemoteNotValidError, vcs
+
+    vcs_backend = vcs.get_backend_for_dir(location)
+
+    if vcs_backend is None:
+        display = _format_as_name_version(dist)
+        logger.debug(
+            'No VCS found for editable requirement "%s" in: %r',
+            display,
+            location,
+        )
+        return _EditableInfo(
+            requirement=location,
+            comments=[f"# Editable install with no version control ({display})"],
+        )
+
+    vcs_name = type(vcs_backend).__name__
+
+    try:
+        req = vcs_backend.get_src_requirement(location, dist.raw_name)
+    except RemoteNotFoundError:
+        display = _format_as_name_version(dist)
+        return _EditableInfo(
+            requirement=location,
+            comments=[f"# Editable {vcs_name} install with no remote ({display})"],
+        )
+    except RemoteNotValidError as ex:
+        display = _format_as_name_version(dist)
+        return _EditableInfo(
+            requirement=location,
+            comments=[
+                f"# Editable {vcs_name} install ({display}) with either a deleted "
+                f"local remote or invalid URI:",
+                f"# '{ex.url}'",
+            ],
+        )
+    except BadCommand:
+        logger.warning(
+            "cannot determine version of editable source in %s "
+            "(%s command not found in path)",
+            location,
+            vcs_backend.name,
+        )
+        return _EditableInfo(requirement=location, comments=[])
+    except InstallationError as exc:
+        logger.warning("Error when trying to get requirement for VCS system %s", exc)
+    else:
+        return _EditableInfo(requirement=req, comments=[])
+
+    logger.warning("Could not determine repository location of %s", location)
+
+    return _EditableInfo(
+        requirement=location,
+        comments=["## !! Could not determine repository location"],
+    )
+
+
+class FrozenRequirement:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        req: str,
+        editable: bool,
+        comments: Iterable[str] = (),
+    ) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.canonical_name = canonicalize_name(name)
+        self.req = req
+        self.editable = editable
+        self.comments = comments
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dist(cls, dist: BaseDistribution) -> "FrozenRequirement":
+        editable = dist.editable
+        if editable:
+            req, comments = _get_editable_info(dist)
+        else:
+            comments = []
+            direct_url = dist.direct_url
+            if direct_url:
+                # if PEP 610 metadata is present, use it
+                req = direct_url_as_pep440_direct_reference(direct_url, dist.raw_name)
+            else:
+                # name==version requirement
+                req = _format_as_name_version(dist)
+
+        return cls(dist.raw_name, req, editable, comments=comments)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        req = self.req
+        if self.editable:
+            req = f"-e {req}"
+        return "\n".join(list(self.comments) + [str(req)]) + "\n"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24d6a5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+"""For modules related to installing packages.
+"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/editable_legacy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/editable_legacy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb548cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/editable_legacy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+"""Legacy editable installation process, i.e. `setup.py develop`.
+"""
+import logging
+from typing import List, Optional, Sequence
+
+from pip._internal.build_env import BuildEnvironment
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.setuptools_build import make_setuptools_develop_args
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import call_subprocess
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def install_editable(
+    install_options: List[str],
+    global_options: Sequence[str],
+    prefix: Optional[str],
+    home: Optional[str],
+    use_user_site: bool,
+    name: str,
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    isolated: bool,
+    build_env: BuildEnvironment,
+    unpacked_source_directory: str,
+) -> None:
+    """Install a package in editable mode. Most arguments are pass-through
+    to setuptools.
+    """
+    logger.info("Running setup.py develop for %s", name)
+
+    args = make_setuptools_develop_args(
+        setup_py_path,
+        global_options=global_options,
+        install_options=install_options,
+        no_user_config=isolated,
+        prefix=prefix,
+        home=home,
+        use_user_site=use_user_site,
+    )
+
+    with indent_log():
+        with build_env:
+            call_subprocess(
+                args,
+                command_desc="python setup.py develop",
+                cwd=unpacked_source_directory,
+            )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/legacy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/legacy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b7ef90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/legacy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+"""Legacy installation process, i.e. `setup.py install`.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+from distutils.util import change_root
+from typing import List, Optional, Sequence
+
+from pip._internal.build_env import BuildEnvironment
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError, LegacyInstallFailure
+from pip._internal.models.scheme import Scheme
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir
+from pip._internal.utils.setuptools_build import make_setuptools_install_args
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import runner_with_spinner_message
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def write_installed_files_from_setuptools_record(
+    record_lines: List[str],
+    root: Optional[str],
+    req_description: str,
+) -> None:
+    def prepend_root(path: str) -> str:
+        if root is None or not os.path.isabs(path):
+            return path
+        else:
+            return change_root(root, path)
+
+    for line in record_lines:
+        directory = os.path.dirname(line)
+        if directory.endswith(".egg-info"):
+            egg_info_dir = prepend_root(directory)
+            break
+    else:
+        message = (
+            "{} did not indicate that it installed an "
+            ".egg-info directory. Only setup.py projects "
+            "generating .egg-info directories are supported."
+        ).format(req_description)
+        raise InstallationError(message)
+
+    new_lines = []
+    for line in record_lines:
+        filename = line.strip()
+        if os.path.isdir(filename):
+            filename += os.path.sep
+        new_lines.append(os.path.relpath(prepend_root(filename), egg_info_dir))
+    new_lines.sort()
+    ensure_dir(egg_info_dir)
+    inst_files_path = os.path.join(egg_info_dir, "installed-files.txt")
+    with open(inst_files_path, "w") as f:
+        f.write("\n".join(new_lines) + "\n")
+
+
+def install(
+    install_options: List[str],
+    global_options: Sequence[str],
+    root: Optional[str],
+    home: Optional[str],
+    prefix: Optional[str],
+    use_user_site: bool,
+    pycompile: bool,
+    scheme: Scheme,
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    isolated: bool,
+    req_name: str,
+    build_env: BuildEnvironment,
+    unpacked_source_directory: str,
+    req_description: str,
+) -> bool:
+
+    header_dir = scheme.headers
+
+    with TempDirectory(kind="record") as temp_dir:
+        try:
+            record_filename = os.path.join(temp_dir.path, "install-record.txt")
+            install_args = make_setuptools_install_args(
+                setup_py_path,
+                global_options=global_options,
+                install_options=install_options,
+                record_filename=record_filename,
+                root=root,
+                prefix=prefix,
+                header_dir=header_dir,
+                home=home,
+                use_user_site=use_user_site,
+                no_user_config=isolated,
+                pycompile=pycompile,
+            )
+
+            runner = runner_with_spinner_message(
+                f"Running setup.py install for {req_name}"
+            )
+            with build_env:
+                runner(
+                    cmd=install_args,
+                    cwd=unpacked_source_directory,
+                )
+
+            if not os.path.exists(record_filename):
+                logger.debug("Record file %s not found", record_filename)
+                # Signal to the caller that we didn't install the new package
+                return False
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Signal to the caller that we didn't install the new package
+            raise LegacyInstallFailure(package_details=req_name) from e
+
+        # At this point, we have successfully installed the requirement.
+
+        # We intentionally do not use any encoding to read the file because
+        # setuptools writes the file using distutils.file_util.write_file,
+        # which does not specify an encoding.
+        with open(record_filename) as f:
+            record_lines = f.read().splitlines()
+
+    write_installed_files_from_setuptools_record(record_lines, root, req_description)
+    return True
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/wheel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e191b13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/install/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,738 @@
+"""Support for installing and building the "wheel" binary package format.
+"""
+
+import collections
+import compileall
+import contextlib
+import csv
+import importlib
+import logging
+import os.path
+import re
+import shutil
+import sys
+import warnings
+from base64 import urlsafe_b64encode
+from email.message import Message
+from itertools import chain, filterfalse, starmap
+from typing import (
+    IO,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    BinaryIO,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    NewType,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+from zipfile import ZipFile, ZipInfo
+
+from pip._vendor.distlib.scripts import ScriptMaker
+from pip._vendor.distlib.util import get_export_entry
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.locations import get_major_minor_version
+from pip._internal.metadata import (
+    BaseDistribution,
+    FilesystemWheel,
+    get_wheel_distribution,
+)
+from pip._internal.models.direct_url import DIRECT_URL_METADATA_NAME, DirectUrl
+from pip._internal.models.scheme import SCHEME_KEYS, Scheme
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import adjacent_tmp_file, replace
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import captured_stdout, ensure_dir, hash_file, partition
+from pip._internal.utils.unpacking import (
+    current_umask,
+    is_within_directory,
+    set_extracted_file_to_default_mode_plus_executable,
+    zip_item_is_executable,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.wheel import parse_wheel
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import Protocol
+
+    class File(Protocol):
+        src_record_path: "RecordPath"
+        dest_path: str
+        changed: bool
+
+        def save(self) -> None:
+            pass
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+RecordPath = NewType("RecordPath", str)
+InstalledCSVRow = Tuple[RecordPath, str, Union[int, str]]
+
+
+def rehash(path: str, blocksize: int = 1 << 20) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    """Return (encoded_digest, length) for path using hashlib.sha256()"""
+    h, length = hash_file(path, blocksize)
+    digest = "sha256=" + urlsafe_b64encode(h.digest()).decode("latin1").rstrip("=")
+    return (digest, str(length))
+
+
+def csv_io_kwargs(mode: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Return keyword arguments to properly open a CSV file
+    in the given mode.
+    """
+    return {"mode": mode, "newline": "", "encoding": "utf-8"}
+
+
+def fix_script(path: str) -> bool:
+    """Replace #!python with #!/path/to/python
+    Return True if file was changed.
+    """
+    # XXX RECORD hashes will need to be updated
+    assert os.path.isfile(path)
+
+    with open(path, "rb") as script:
+        firstline = script.readline()
+        if not firstline.startswith(b"#!python"):
+            return False
+        exename = sys.executable.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+        firstline = b"#!" + exename + os.linesep.encode("ascii")
+        rest = script.read()
+    with open(path, "wb") as script:
+        script.write(firstline)
+        script.write(rest)
+    return True
+
+
+def wheel_root_is_purelib(metadata: Message) -> bool:
+    return metadata.get("Root-Is-Purelib", "").lower() == "true"
+
+
+def get_entrypoints(dist: BaseDistribution) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], Dict[str, str]]:
+    console_scripts = {}
+    gui_scripts = {}
+    for entry_point in dist.iter_entry_points():
+        if entry_point.group == "console_scripts":
+            console_scripts[entry_point.name] = entry_point.value
+        elif entry_point.group == "gui_scripts":
+            gui_scripts[entry_point.name] = entry_point.value
+    return console_scripts, gui_scripts
+
+
+def message_about_scripts_not_on_PATH(scripts: Sequence[str]) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Determine if any scripts are not on PATH and format a warning.
+    Returns a warning message if one or more scripts are not on PATH,
+    otherwise None.
+    """
+    if not scripts:
+        return None
+
+    # Group scripts by the path they were installed in
+    grouped_by_dir: Dict[str, Set[str]] = collections.defaultdict(set)
+    for destfile in scripts:
+        parent_dir = os.path.dirname(destfile)
+        script_name = os.path.basename(destfile)
+        grouped_by_dir[parent_dir].add(script_name)
+
+    # We don't want to warn for directories that are on PATH.
+    not_warn_dirs = [
+        os.path.normcase(i).rstrip(os.sep)
+        for i in os.environ.get("PATH", "").split(os.pathsep)
+    ]
+    # If an executable sits with sys.executable, we don't warn for it.
+    #     This covers the case of venv invocations without activating the venv.
+    not_warn_dirs.append(os.path.normcase(os.path.dirname(sys.executable)))
+    warn_for: Dict[str, Set[str]] = {
+        parent_dir: scripts
+        for parent_dir, scripts in grouped_by_dir.items()
+        if os.path.normcase(parent_dir) not in not_warn_dirs
+    }
+    if not warn_for:
+        return None
+
+    # Format a message
+    msg_lines = []
+    for parent_dir, dir_scripts in warn_for.items():
+        sorted_scripts: List[str] = sorted(dir_scripts)
+        if len(sorted_scripts) == 1:
+            start_text = "script {} is".format(sorted_scripts[0])
+        else:
+            start_text = "scripts {} are".format(
+                ", ".join(sorted_scripts[:-1]) + " and " + sorted_scripts[-1]
+            )
+
+        msg_lines.append(
+            "The {} installed in '{}' which is not on PATH.".format(
+                start_text, parent_dir
+            )
+        )
+
+    last_line_fmt = (
+        "Consider adding {} to PATH or, if you prefer "
+        "to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location."
+    )
+    if len(msg_lines) == 1:
+        msg_lines.append(last_line_fmt.format("this directory"))
+    else:
+        msg_lines.append(last_line_fmt.format("these directories"))
+
+    # Add a note if any directory starts with ~
+    warn_for_tilde = any(
+        i[0] == "~" for i in os.environ.get("PATH", "").split(os.pathsep) if i
+    )
+    if warn_for_tilde:
+        tilde_warning_msg = (
+            "NOTE: The current PATH contains path(s) starting with `~`, "
+            "which may not be expanded by all applications."
+        )
+        msg_lines.append(tilde_warning_msg)
+
+    # Returns the formatted multiline message
+    return "\n".join(msg_lines)
+
+
+def _normalized_outrows(
+    outrows: Iterable[InstalledCSVRow],
+) -> List[Tuple[str, str, str]]:
+    """Normalize the given rows of a RECORD file.
+
+    Items in each row are converted into str. Rows are then sorted to make
+    the value more predictable for tests.
+
+    Each row is a 3-tuple (path, hash, size) and corresponds to a record of
+    a RECORD file (see PEP 376 and PEP 427 for details).  For the rows
+    passed to this function, the size can be an integer as an int or string,
+    or the empty string.
+    """
+    # Normally, there should only be one row per path, in which case the
+    # second and third elements don't come into play when sorting.
+    # However, in cases in the wild where a path might happen to occur twice,
+    # we don't want the sort operation to trigger an error (but still want
+    # determinism).  Since the third element can be an int or string, we
+    # coerce each element to a string to avoid a TypeError in this case.
+    # For additional background, see--
+    # https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/5868
+    return sorted(
+        (record_path, hash_, str(size)) for record_path, hash_, size in outrows
+    )
+
+
+def _record_to_fs_path(record_path: RecordPath) -> str:
+    return record_path
+
+
+def _fs_to_record_path(path: str, relative_to: Optional[str] = None) -> RecordPath:
+    if relative_to is not None:
+        # On Windows, do not handle relative paths if they belong to different
+        # logical disks
+        if (
+            os.path.splitdrive(path)[0].lower()
+            == os.path.splitdrive(relative_to)[0].lower()
+        ):
+            path = os.path.relpath(path, relative_to)
+    path = path.replace(os.path.sep, "/")
+    return cast("RecordPath", path)
+
+
+def get_csv_rows_for_installed(
+    old_csv_rows: List[List[str]],
+    installed: Dict[RecordPath, RecordPath],
+    changed: Set[RecordPath],
+    generated: List[str],
+    lib_dir: str,
+) -> List[InstalledCSVRow]:
+    """
+    :param installed: A map from archive RECORD path to installation RECORD
+        path.
+    """
+    installed_rows: List[InstalledCSVRow] = []
+    for row in old_csv_rows:
+        if len(row) > 3:
+            logger.warning("RECORD line has more than three elements: %s", row)
+        old_record_path = cast("RecordPath", row[0])
+        new_record_path = installed.pop(old_record_path, old_record_path)
+        if new_record_path in changed:
+            digest, length = rehash(_record_to_fs_path(new_record_path))
+        else:
+            digest = row[1] if len(row) > 1 else ""
+            length = row[2] if len(row) > 2 else ""
+        installed_rows.append((new_record_path, digest, length))
+    for f in generated:
+        path = _fs_to_record_path(f, lib_dir)
+        digest, length = rehash(f)
+        installed_rows.append((path, digest, length))
+    for installed_record_path in installed.values():
+        installed_rows.append((installed_record_path, "", ""))
+    return installed_rows
+
+
+def get_console_script_specs(console: Dict[str, str]) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Given the mapping from entrypoint name to callable, return the relevant
+    console script specs.
+    """
+    # Don't mutate caller's version
+    console = console.copy()
+
+    scripts_to_generate = []
+
+    # Special case pip and setuptools to generate versioned wrappers
+    #
+    # The issue is that some projects (specifically, pip and setuptools) use
+    # code in setup.py to create "versioned" entry points - pip2.7 on Python
+    # 2.7, pip3.3 on Python 3.3, etc. But these entry points are baked into
+    # the wheel metadata at build time, and so if the wheel is installed with
+    # a *different* version of Python the entry points will be wrong. The
+    # correct fix for this is to enhance the metadata to be able to describe
+    # such versioned entry points, but that won't happen till Metadata 2.0 is
+    # available.
+    # In the meantime, projects using versioned entry points will either have
+    # incorrect versioned entry points, or they will not be able to distribute
+    # "universal" wheels (i.e., they will need a wheel per Python version).
+    #
+    # Because setuptools and pip are bundled with _ensurepip and virtualenv,
+    # we need to use universal wheels. So, as a stopgap until Metadata 2.0, we
+    # override the versioned entry points in the wheel and generate the
+    # correct ones. This code is purely a short-term measure until Metadata 2.0
+    # is available.
+    #
+    # To add the level of hack in this section of code, in order to support
+    # ensurepip this code will look for an ``ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS`` environment
+    # variable which will control which version scripts get installed.
+    #
+    # ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS=altinstall
+    #   - Only pipX.Y and easy_install-X.Y will be generated and installed
+    # ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS=install
+    #   - pipX.Y, pipX, easy_install-X.Y will be generated and installed. Note
+    #     that this option is technically if ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS is set and is
+    #     not altinstall
+    # DEFAULT
+    #   - The default behavior is to install pip, pipX, pipX.Y, easy_install
+    #     and easy_install-X.Y.
+    pip_script = console.pop("pip", None)
+    if pip_script:
+        if "ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS" not in os.environ:
+            scripts_to_generate.append("pip = " + pip_script)
+
+        if os.environ.get("ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS", "") != "altinstall":
+            scripts_to_generate.append(
+                "pip{} = {}".format(sys.version_info[0], pip_script)
+            )
+
+        scripts_to_generate.append(f"pip{get_major_minor_version()} = {pip_script}")
+        # Delete any other versioned pip entry points
+        pip_ep = [k for k in console if re.match(r"pip(\d(\.\d)?)?$", k)]
+        for k in pip_ep:
+            del console[k]
+    easy_install_script = console.pop("easy_install", None)
+    if easy_install_script:
+        if "ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS" not in os.environ:
+            scripts_to_generate.append("easy_install = " + easy_install_script)
+
+        scripts_to_generate.append(
+            "easy_install-{} = {}".format(
+                get_major_minor_version(), easy_install_script
+            )
+        )
+        # Delete any other versioned easy_install entry points
+        easy_install_ep = [
+            k for k in console if re.match(r"easy_install(-\d\.\d)?$", k)
+        ]
+        for k in easy_install_ep:
+            del console[k]
+
+    # Generate the console entry points specified in the wheel
+    scripts_to_generate.extend(starmap("{} = {}".format, console.items()))
+
+    return scripts_to_generate
+
+
+class ZipBackedFile:
+    def __init__(
+        self, src_record_path: RecordPath, dest_path: str, zip_file: ZipFile
+    ) -> None:
+        self.src_record_path = src_record_path
+        self.dest_path = dest_path
+        self._zip_file = zip_file
+        self.changed = False
+
+    def _getinfo(self) -> ZipInfo:
+        return self._zip_file.getinfo(self.src_record_path)
+
+    def save(self) -> None:
+        # directory creation is lazy and after file filtering
+        # to ensure we don't install empty dirs; empty dirs can't be
+        # uninstalled.
+        parent_dir = os.path.dirname(self.dest_path)
+        ensure_dir(parent_dir)
+
+        # When we open the output file below, any existing file is truncated
+        # before we start writing the new contents. This is fine in most
+        # cases, but can cause a segfault if pip has loaded a shared
+        # object (e.g. from pyopenssl through its vendored urllib3)
+        # Since the shared object is mmap'd an attempt to call a
+        # symbol in it will then cause a segfault. Unlinking the file
+        # allows writing of new contents while allowing the process to
+        # continue to use the old copy.
+        if os.path.exists(self.dest_path):
+            os.unlink(self.dest_path)
+
+        zipinfo = self._getinfo()
+
+        with self._zip_file.open(zipinfo) as f:
+            with open(self.dest_path, "wb") as dest:
+                shutil.copyfileobj(f, dest)
+
+        if zip_item_is_executable(zipinfo):
+            set_extracted_file_to_default_mode_plus_executable(self.dest_path)
+
+
+class ScriptFile:
+    def __init__(self, file: "File") -> None:
+        self._file = file
+        self.src_record_path = self._file.src_record_path
+        self.dest_path = self._file.dest_path
+        self.changed = False
+
+    def save(self) -> None:
+        self._file.save()
+        self.changed = fix_script(self.dest_path)
+
+
+class MissingCallableSuffix(InstallationError):
+    def __init__(self, entry_point: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            "Invalid script entry point: {} - A callable "
+            "suffix is required. Cf https://packaging.python.org/"
+            "specifications/entry-points/#use-for-scripts for more "
+            "information.".format(entry_point)
+        )
+
+
+def _raise_for_invalid_entrypoint(specification: str) -> None:
+    entry = get_export_entry(specification)
+    if entry is not None and entry.suffix is None:
+        raise MissingCallableSuffix(str(entry))
+
+
+class PipScriptMaker(ScriptMaker):
+    def make(self, specification: str, options: Dict[str, Any] = None) -> List[str]:
+        _raise_for_invalid_entrypoint(specification)
+        return super().make(specification, options)
+
+
+def _install_wheel(
+    name: str,
+    wheel_zip: ZipFile,
+    wheel_path: str,
+    scheme: Scheme,
+    pycompile: bool = True,
+    warn_script_location: bool = True,
+    direct_url: Optional[DirectUrl] = None,
+    requested: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """Install a wheel.
+
+    :param name: Name of the project to install
+    :param wheel_zip: open ZipFile for wheel being installed
+    :param scheme: Distutils scheme dictating the install directories
+    :param req_description: String used in place of the requirement, for
+        logging
+    :param pycompile: Whether to byte-compile installed Python files
+    :param warn_script_location: Whether to check that scripts are installed
+        into a directory on PATH
+    :raises UnsupportedWheel:
+        * when the directory holds an unpacked wheel with incompatible
+          Wheel-Version
+        * when the .dist-info dir does not match the wheel
+    """
+    info_dir, metadata = parse_wheel(wheel_zip, name)
+
+    if wheel_root_is_purelib(metadata):
+        lib_dir = scheme.purelib
+    else:
+        lib_dir = scheme.platlib
+
+    # Record details of the files moved
+    #   installed = files copied from the wheel to the destination
+    #   changed = files changed while installing (scripts #! line typically)
+    #   generated = files newly generated during the install (script wrappers)
+    installed: Dict[RecordPath, RecordPath] = {}
+    changed: Set[RecordPath] = set()
+    generated: List[str] = []
+
+    def record_installed(
+        srcfile: RecordPath, destfile: str, modified: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """Map archive RECORD paths to installation RECORD paths."""
+        newpath = _fs_to_record_path(destfile, lib_dir)
+        installed[srcfile] = newpath
+        if modified:
+            changed.add(_fs_to_record_path(destfile))
+
+    def is_dir_path(path: RecordPath) -> bool:
+        return path.endswith("/")
+
+    def assert_no_path_traversal(dest_dir_path: str, target_path: str) -> None:
+        if not is_within_directory(dest_dir_path, target_path):
+            message = (
+                "The wheel {!r} has a file {!r} trying to install"
+                " outside the target directory {!r}"
+            )
+            raise InstallationError(
+                message.format(wheel_path, target_path, dest_dir_path)
+            )
+
+    def root_scheme_file_maker(
+        zip_file: ZipFile, dest: str
+    ) -> Callable[[RecordPath], "File"]:
+        def make_root_scheme_file(record_path: RecordPath) -> "File":
+            normed_path = os.path.normpath(record_path)
+            dest_path = os.path.join(dest, normed_path)
+            assert_no_path_traversal(dest, dest_path)
+            return ZipBackedFile(record_path, dest_path, zip_file)
+
+        return make_root_scheme_file
+
+    def data_scheme_file_maker(
+        zip_file: ZipFile, scheme: Scheme
+    ) -> Callable[[RecordPath], "File"]:
+        scheme_paths = {key: getattr(scheme, key) for key in SCHEME_KEYS}
+
+        def make_data_scheme_file(record_path: RecordPath) -> "File":
+            normed_path = os.path.normpath(record_path)
+            try:
+                _, scheme_key, dest_subpath = normed_path.split(os.path.sep, 2)
+            except ValueError:
+                message = (
+                    "Unexpected file in {}: {!r}. .data directory contents"
+                    " should be named like: '<scheme key>/<path>'."
+                ).format(wheel_path, record_path)
+                raise InstallationError(message)
+
+            try:
+                scheme_path = scheme_paths[scheme_key]
+            except KeyError:
+                valid_scheme_keys = ", ".join(sorted(scheme_paths))
+                message = (
+                    "Unknown scheme key used in {}: {} (for file {!r}). .data"
+                    " directory contents should be in subdirectories named"
+                    " with a valid scheme key ({})"
+                ).format(wheel_path, scheme_key, record_path, valid_scheme_keys)
+                raise InstallationError(message)
+
+            dest_path = os.path.join(scheme_path, dest_subpath)
+            assert_no_path_traversal(scheme_path, dest_path)
+            return ZipBackedFile(record_path, dest_path, zip_file)
+
+        return make_data_scheme_file
+
+    def is_data_scheme_path(path: RecordPath) -> bool:
+        return path.split("/", 1)[0].endswith(".data")
+
+    paths = cast(List[RecordPath], wheel_zip.namelist())
+    file_paths = filterfalse(is_dir_path, paths)
+    root_scheme_paths, data_scheme_paths = partition(is_data_scheme_path, file_paths)
+
+    make_root_scheme_file = root_scheme_file_maker(wheel_zip, lib_dir)
+    files: Iterator[File] = map(make_root_scheme_file, root_scheme_paths)
+
+    def is_script_scheme_path(path: RecordPath) -> bool:
+        parts = path.split("/", 2)
+        return len(parts) > 2 and parts[0].endswith(".data") and parts[1] == "scripts"
+
+    other_scheme_paths, script_scheme_paths = partition(
+        is_script_scheme_path, data_scheme_paths
+    )
+
+    make_data_scheme_file = data_scheme_file_maker(wheel_zip, scheme)
+    other_scheme_files = map(make_data_scheme_file, other_scheme_paths)
+    files = chain(files, other_scheme_files)
+
+    # Get the defined entry points
+    distribution = get_wheel_distribution(
+        FilesystemWheel(wheel_path),
+        canonicalize_name(name),
+    )
+    console, gui = get_entrypoints(distribution)
+
+    def is_entrypoint_wrapper(file: "File") -> bool:
+        # EP, EP.exe and EP-script.py are scripts generated for
+        # entry point EP by setuptools
+        path = file.dest_path
+        name = os.path.basename(path)
+        if name.lower().endswith(".exe"):
+            matchname = name[:-4]
+        elif name.lower().endswith("-script.py"):
+            matchname = name[:-10]
+        elif name.lower().endswith(".pya"):
+            matchname = name[:-4]
+        else:
+            matchname = name
+        # Ignore setuptools-generated scripts
+        return matchname in console or matchname in gui
+
+    script_scheme_files: Iterator[File] = map(
+        make_data_scheme_file, script_scheme_paths
+    )
+    script_scheme_files = filterfalse(is_entrypoint_wrapper, script_scheme_files)
+    script_scheme_files = map(ScriptFile, script_scheme_files)
+    files = chain(files, script_scheme_files)
+
+    for file in files:
+        file.save()
+        record_installed(file.src_record_path, file.dest_path, file.changed)
+
+    def pyc_source_file_paths() -> Iterator[str]:
+        # We de-duplicate installation paths, since there can be overlap (e.g.
+        # file in .data maps to same location as file in wheel root).
+        # Sorting installation paths makes it easier to reproduce and debug
+        # issues related to permissions on existing files.
+        for installed_path in sorted(set(installed.values())):
+            full_installed_path = os.path.join(lib_dir, installed_path)
+            if not os.path.isfile(full_installed_path):
+                continue
+            if not full_installed_path.endswith(".py"):
+                continue
+            yield full_installed_path
+
+    def pyc_output_path(path: str) -> str:
+        """Return the path the pyc file would have been written to."""
+        return importlib.util.cache_from_source(path)
+
+    # Compile all of the pyc files for the installed files
+    if pycompile:
+        with captured_stdout() as stdout:
+            with warnings.catch_warnings():
+                warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
+                for path in pyc_source_file_paths():
+                    success = compileall.compile_file(path, force=True, quiet=True)
+                    if success:
+                        pyc_path = pyc_output_path(path)
+                        assert os.path.exists(pyc_path)
+                        pyc_record_path = cast(
+                            "RecordPath", pyc_path.replace(os.path.sep, "/")
+                        )
+                        record_installed(pyc_record_path, pyc_path)
+        logger.debug(stdout.getvalue())
+
+    maker = PipScriptMaker(None, scheme.scripts)
+
+    # Ensure old scripts are overwritten.
+    # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1800
+    maker.clobber = True
+
+    # Ensure we don't generate any variants for scripts because this is almost
+    # never what somebody wants.
+    # See https://bitbucket.org/pypa/distlib/issue/35/
+    maker.variants = {""}
+
+    # This is required because otherwise distlib creates scripts that are not
+    # executable.
+    # See https://bitbucket.org/pypa/distlib/issue/32/
+    maker.set_mode = True
+
+    # Generate the console and GUI entry points specified in the wheel
+    scripts_to_generate = get_console_script_specs(console)
+
+    gui_scripts_to_generate = list(starmap("{} = {}".format, gui.items()))
+
+    generated_console_scripts = maker.make_multiple(scripts_to_generate)
+    generated.extend(generated_console_scripts)
+
+    generated.extend(maker.make_multiple(gui_scripts_to_generate, {"gui": True}))
+
+    if warn_script_location:
+        msg = message_about_scripts_not_on_PATH(generated_console_scripts)
+        if msg is not None:
+            logger.warning(msg)
+
+    generated_file_mode = 0o666 & ~current_umask()
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _generate_file(path: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Iterator[BinaryIO]:
+        with adjacent_tmp_file(path, **kwargs) as f:
+            yield f
+        os.chmod(f.name, generated_file_mode)
+        replace(f.name, path)
+
+    dest_info_dir = os.path.join(lib_dir, info_dir)
+
+    # Record pip as the installer
+    installer_path = os.path.join(dest_info_dir, "INSTALLER")
+    with _generate_file(installer_path) as installer_file:
+        installer_file.write(b"pip\n")
+    generated.append(installer_path)
+
+    # Record the PEP 610 direct URL reference
+    if direct_url is not None:
+        direct_url_path = os.path.join(dest_info_dir, DIRECT_URL_METADATA_NAME)
+        with _generate_file(direct_url_path) as direct_url_file:
+            direct_url_file.write(direct_url.to_json().encode("utf-8"))
+        generated.append(direct_url_path)
+
+    # Record the REQUESTED file
+    if requested:
+        requested_path = os.path.join(dest_info_dir, "REQUESTED")
+        with open(requested_path, "wb"):
+            pass
+        generated.append(requested_path)
+
+    record_text = distribution.read_text("RECORD")
+    record_rows = list(csv.reader(record_text.splitlines()))
+
+    rows = get_csv_rows_for_installed(
+        record_rows,
+        installed=installed,
+        changed=changed,
+        generated=generated,
+        lib_dir=lib_dir,
+    )
+
+    # Record details of all files installed
+    record_path = os.path.join(dest_info_dir, "RECORD")
+
+    with _generate_file(record_path, **csv_io_kwargs("w")) as record_file:
+        # Explicitly cast to typing.IO[str] as a workaround for the mypy error:
+        # "writer" has incompatible type "BinaryIO"; expected "_Writer"
+        writer = csv.writer(cast("IO[str]", record_file))
+        writer.writerows(_normalized_outrows(rows))
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def req_error_context(req_description: str) -> Iterator[None]:
+    try:
+        yield
+    except InstallationError as e:
+        message = "For req: {}. {}".format(req_description, e.args[0])
+        raise InstallationError(message) from e
+
+
+def install_wheel(
+    name: str,
+    wheel_path: str,
+    scheme: Scheme,
+    req_description: str,
+    pycompile: bool = True,
+    warn_script_location: bool = True,
+    direct_url: Optional[DirectUrl] = None,
+    requested: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    with ZipFile(wheel_path, allowZip64=True) as z:
+        with req_error_context(req_description):
+            _install_wheel(
+                name=name,
+                wheel_zip=z,
+                wheel_path=wheel_path,
+                scheme=scheme,
+                pycompile=pycompile,
+                warn_script_location=warn_script_location,
+                direct_url=direct_url,
+                requested=requested,
+            )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a726f03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py
@@ -0,0 +1,642 @@
+"""Prepares a distribution for installation
+"""
+
+# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
+# mypy: strict-optional=False
+
+import logging
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import shutil
+from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Optional
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.distributions import make_distribution_for_install_requirement
+from pip._internal.distributions.installed import InstalledDistribution
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    DirectoryUrlHashUnsupported,
+    HashMismatch,
+    HashUnpinned,
+    InstallationError,
+    NetworkConnectionError,
+    PreviousBuildDirError,
+    VcsHashUnsupported,
+)
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.models.wheel import Wheel
+from pip._internal.network.download import BatchDownloader, Downloader
+from pip._internal.network.lazy_wheel import (
+    HTTPRangeRequestUnsupported,
+    dist_from_wheel_url,
+)
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.req.req_tracker import RequirementTracker
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import copy2_fixed
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import Hashes, MissingHashes
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import display_path, hide_url, is_installable_dir, rmtree
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.utils.unpacking import unpack_file
+from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _get_prepared_distribution(
+    req: InstallRequirement,
+    req_tracker: RequirementTracker,
+    finder: PackageFinder,
+    build_isolation: bool,
+) -> BaseDistribution:
+    """Prepare a distribution for installation."""
+    abstract_dist = make_distribution_for_install_requirement(req)
+    with req_tracker.track(req):
+        abstract_dist.prepare_distribution_metadata(finder, build_isolation)
+    return abstract_dist.get_metadata_distribution()
+
+
+def unpack_vcs_link(link: Link, location: str, verbosity: int) -> None:
+    vcs_backend = vcs.get_backend_for_scheme(link.scheme)
+    assert vcs_backend is not None
+    vcs_backend.unpack(location, url=hide_url(link.url), verbosity=verbosity)
+
+
+class File:
+    def __init__(self, path: str, content_type: Optional[str]) -> None:
+        self.path = path
+        if content_type is None:
+            self.content_type = mimetypes.guess_type(path)[0]
+        else:
+            self.content_type = content_type
+
+
+def get_http_url(
+    link: Link,
+    download: Downloader,
+    download_dir: Optional[str] = None,
+    hashes: Optional[Hashes] = None,
+) -> File:
+    temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind="unpack", globally_managed=True)
+    # If a download dir is specified, is the file already downloaded there?
+    already_downloaded_path = None
+    if download_dir:
+        already_downloaded_path = _check_download_dir(link, download_dir, hashes)
+
+    if already_downloaded_path:
+        from_path = already_downloaded_path
+        content_type = None
+    else:
+        # let's download to a tmp dir
+        from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)
+        if hashes:
+            hashes.check_against_path(from_path)
+
+    return File(from_path, content_type)
+
+
+def _copy2_ignoring_special_files(src: str, dest: str) -> None:
+    """Copying special files is not supported, but as a convenience to users
+    we skip errors copying them. This supports tools that may create e.g.
+    socket files in the project source directory.
+    """
+    try:
+        copy2_fixed(src, dest)
+    except shutil.SpecialFileError as e:
+        # SpecialFileError may be raised due to either the source or
+        # destination. If the destination was the cause then we would actually
+        # care, but since the destination directory is deleted prior to
+        # copy we ignore all of them assuming it is caused by the source.
+        logger.warning(
+            "Ignoring special file error '%s' encountered copying %s to %s.",
+            str(e),
+            src,
+            dest,
+        )
+
+
+def _copy_source_tree(source: str, target: str) -> None:
+    target_abspath = os.path.abspath(target)
+    target_basename = os.path.basename(target_abspath)
+    target_dirname = os.path.dirname(target_abspath)
+
+    def ignore(d: str, names: List[str]) -> List[str]:
+        skipped: List[str] = []
+        if d == source:
+            # Pulling in those directories can potentially be very slow,
+            # exclude the following directories if they appear in the top
+            # level dir (and only it).
+            # See discussion at https://github.com/pypa/pip/pull/6770
+            skipped += [".tox", ".nox"]
+        if os.path.abspath(d) == target_dirname:
+            # Prevent an infinite recursion if the target is in source.
+            # This can happen when TMPDIR is set to ${PWD}/...
+            # and we copy PWD to TMPDIR.
+            skipped += [target_basename]
+        return skipped
+
+    shutil.copytree(
+        source,
+        target,
+        ignore=ignore,
+        symlinks=True,
+        copy_function=_copy2_ignoring_special_files,
+    )
+
+
+def get_file_url(
+    link: Link, download_dir: Optional[str] = None, hashes: Optional[Hashes] = None
+) -> File:
+    """Get file and optionally check its hash."""
+    # If a download dir is specified, is the file already there and valid?
+    already_downloaded_path = None
+    if download_dir:
+        already_downloaded_path = _check_download_dir(link, download_dir, hashes)
+
+    if already_downloaded_path:
+        from_path = already_downloaded_path
+    else:
+        from_path = link.file_path
+
+    # If --require-hashes is off, `hashes` is either empty, the
+    # link's embedded hash, or MissingHashes; it is required to
+    # match. If --require-hashes is on, we are satisfied by any
+    # hash in `hashes` matching: a URL-based or an option-based
+    # one; no internet-sourced hash will be in `hashes`.
+    if hashes:
+        hashes.check_against_path(from_path)
+    return File(from_path, None)
+
+
+def unpack_url(
+    link: Link,
+    location: str,
+    download: Downloader,
+    verbosity: int,
+    download_dir: Optional[str] = None,
+    hashes: Optional[Hashes] = None,
+) -> Optional[File]:
+    """Unpack link into location, downloading if required.
+
+    :param hashes: A Hashes object, one of whose embedded hashes must match,
+        or HashMismatch will be raised. If the Hashes is empty, no matches are
+        required, and unhashable types of requirements (like VCS ones, which
+        would ordinarily raise HashUnsupported) are allowed.
+    """
+    # non-editable vcs urls
+    if link.is_vcs:
+        unpack_vcs_link(link, location, verbosity=verbosity)
+        return None
+
+    # Once out-of-tree-builds are no longer supported, could potentially
+    # replace the below condition with `assert not link.is_existing_dir`
+    # - unpack_url does not need to be called for in-tree-builds.
+    #
+    # As further cleanup, _copy_source_tree and accompanying tests can
+    # be removed.
+    #
+    # TODO when use-deprecated=out-of-tree-build is removed
+    if link.is_existing_dir():
+        if os.path.isdir(location):
+            rmtree(location)
+        _copy_source_tree(link.file_path, location)
+        return None
+
+    # file urls
+    if link.is_file:
+        file = get_file_url(link, download_dir, hashes=hashes)
+
+    # http urls
+    else:
+        file = get_http_url(
+            link,
+            download,
+            download_dir,
+            hashes=hashes,
+        )
+
+    # unpack the archive to the build dir location. even when only downloading
+    # archives, they have to be unpacked to parse dependencies, except wheels
+    if not link.is_wheel:
+        unpack_file(file.path, location, file.content_type)
+
+    return file
+
+
+def _check_download_dir(
+    link: Link, download_dir: str, hashes: Optional[Hashes]
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Check download_dir for previously downloaded file with correct hash
+    If a correct file is found return its path else None
+    """
+    download_path = os.path.join(download_dir, link.filename)
+
+    if not os.path.exists(download_path):
+        return None
+
+    # If already downloaded, does its hash match?
+    logger.info("File was already downloaded %s", download_path)
+    if hashes:
+        try:
+            hashes.check_against_path(download_path)
+        except HashMismatch:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Previously-downloaded file %s has bad hash. Re-downloading.",
+                download_path,
+            )
+            os.unlink(download_path)
+            return None
+    return download_path
+
+
+class RequirementPreparer:
+    """Prepares a Requirement"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        build_dir: str,
+        download_dir: Optional[str],
+        src_dir: str,
+        build_isolation: bool,
+        req_tracker: RequirementTracker,
+        session: PipSession,
+        progress_bar: str,
+        finder: PackageFinder,
+        require_hashes: bool,
+        use_user_site: bool,
+        lazy_wheel: bool,
+        verbosity: int,
+        in_tree_build: bool,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.src_dir = src_dir
+        self.build_dir = build_dir
+        self.req_tracker = req_tracker
+        self._session = session
+        self._download = Downloader(session, progress_bar)
+        self._batch_download = BatchDownloader(session, progress_bar)
+        self.finder = finder
+
+        # Where still-packed archives should be written to. If None, they are
+        # not saved, and are deleted immediately after unpacking.
+        self.download_dir = download_dir
+
+        # Is build isolation allowed?
+        self.build_isolation = build_isolation
+
+        # Should hash-checking be required?
+        self.require_hashes = require_hashes
+
+        # Should install in user site-packages?
+        self.use_user_site = use_user_site
+
+        # Should wheels be downloaded lazily?
+        self.use_lazy_wheel = lazy_wheel
+
+        # How verbose should underlying tooling be?
+        self.verbosity = verbosity
+
+        # Should in-tree builds be used for local paths?
+        self.in_tree_build = in_tree_build
+
+        # Memoized downloaded files, as mapping of url: path.
+        self._downloaded: Dict[str, str] = {}
+
+        # Previous "header" printed for a link-based InstallRequirement
+        self._previous_requirement_header = ("", "")
+
+    def _log_preparing_link(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        """Provide context for the requirement being prepared."""
+        if req.link.is_file and not req.original_link_is_in_wheel_cache:
+            message = "Processing %s"
+            information = str(display_path(req.link.file_path))
+        else:
+            message = "Collecting %s"
+            information = str(req.req or req)
+
+        if (message, information) != self._previous_requirement_header:
+            self._previous_requirement_header = (message, information)
+            logger.info(message, information)
+
+        if req.original_link_is_in_wheel_cache:
+            with indent_log():
+                logger.info("Using cached %s", req.link.filename)
+
+    def _ensure_link_req_src_dir(
+        self, req: InstallRequirement, parallel_builds: bool
+    ) -> None:
+        """Ensure source_dir of a linked InstallRequirement."""
+        # Since source_dir is only set for editable requirements.
+        if req.link.is_wheel:
+            # We don't need to unpack wheels, so no need for a source
+            # directory.
+            return
+        assert req.source_dir is None
+        if req.link.is_existing_dir() and self.in_tree_build:
+            # build local directories in-tree
+            req.source_dir = req.link.file_path
+            return
+
+        # We always delete unpacked sdists after pip runs.
+        req.ensure_has_source_dir(
+            self.build_dir,
+            autodelete=True,
+            parallel_builds=parallel_builds,
+        )
+
+        # If a checkout exists, it's unwise to keep going.  version
+        # inconsistencies are logged later, but do not fail the
+        # installation.
+        # FIXME: this won't upgrade when there's an existing
+        # package unpacked in `req.source_dir`
+        # TODO: this check is now probably dead code
+        if is_installable_dir(req.source_dir):
+            raise PreviousBuildDirError(
+                "pip can't proceed with requirements '{}' due to a"
+                "pre-existing build directory ({}). This is likely "
+                "due to a previous installation that failed . pip is "
+                "being responsible and not assuming it can delete this. "
+                "Please delete it and try again.".format(req, req.source_dir)
+            )
+
+    def _get_linked_req_hashes(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> Hashes:
+        # By the time this is called, the requirement's link should have
+        # been checked so we can tell what kind of requirements req is
+        # and raise some more informative errors than otherwise.
+        # (For example, we can raise VcsHashUnsupported for a VCS URL
+        # rather than HashMissing.)
+        if not self.require_hashes:
+            return req.hashes(trust_internet=True)
+
+        # We could check these first 2 conditions inside unpack_url
+        # and save repetition of conditions, but then we would
+        # report less-useful error messages for unhashable
+        # requirements, complaining that there's no hash provided.
+        if req.link.is_vcs:
+            raise VcsHashUnsupported()
+        if req.link.is_existing_dir():
+            raise DirectoryUrlHashUnsupported()
+
+        # Unpinned packages are asking for trouble when a new version
+        # is uploaded.  This isn't a security check, but it saves users
+        # a surprising hash mismatch in the future.
+        # file:/// URLs aren't pinnable, so don't complain about them
+        # not being pinned.
+        if req.original_link is None and not req.is_pinned:
+            raise HashUnpinned()
+
+        # If known-good hashes are missing for this requirement,
+        # shim it with a facade object that will provoke hash
+        # computation and then raise a HashMissing exception
+        # showing the user what the hash should be.
+        return req.hashes(trust_internet=False) or MissingHashes()
+
+    def _fetch_metadata_using_lazy_wheel(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+    ) -> Optional[BaseDistribution]:
+        """Fetch metadata using lazy wheel, if possible."""
+        if not self.use_lazy_wheel:
+            return None
+        if self.require_hashes:
+            logger.debug("Lazy wheel is not used as hash checking is required")
+            return None
+        if link.is_file or not link.is_wheel:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Lazy wheel is not used as %r does not points to a remote wheel",
+                link,
+            )
+            return None
+
+        wheel = Wheel(link.filename)
+        name = canonicalize_name(wheel.name)
+        logger.info(
+            "Obtaining dependency information from %s %s",
+            name,
+            wheel.version,
+        )
+        url = link.url.split("#", 1)[0]
+        try:
+            return dist_from_wheel_url(name, url, self._session)
+        except HTTPRangeRequestUnsupported:
+            logger.debug("%s does not support range requests", url)
+            return None
+
+    def _complete_partial_requirements(
+        self,
+        partially_downloaded_reqs: Iterable[InstallRequirement],
+        parallel_builds: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Download any requirements which were only fetched by metadata."""
+        # Download to a temporary directory. These will be copied over as
+        # needed for downstream 'download', 'wheel', and 'install' commands.
+        temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind="unpack", globally_managed=True).path
+
+        # Map each link to the requirement that owns it. This allows us to set
+        # `req.local_file_path` on the appropriate requirement after passing
+        # all the links at once into BatchDownloader.
+        links_to_fully_download: Dict[Link, InstallRequirement] = {}
+        for req in partially_downloaded_reqs:
+            assert req.link
+            links_to_fully_download[req.link] = req
+
+        batch_download = self._batch_download(
+            links_to_fully_download.keys(),
+            temp_dir,
+        )
+        for link, (filepath, _) in batch_download:
+            logger.debug("Downloading link %s to %s", link, filepath)
+            req = links_to_fully_download[link]
+            req.local_file_path = filepath
+
+        # This step is necessary to ensure all lazy wheels are processed
+        # successfully by the 'download', 'wheel', and 'install' commands.
+        for req in partially_downloaded_reqs:
+            self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
+
+    def prepare_linked_requirement(
+        self, req: InstallRequirement, parallel_builds: bool = False
+    ) -> BaseDistribution:
+        """Prepare a requirement to be obtained from req.link."""
+        assert req.link
+        link = req.link
+        self._log_preparing_link(req)
+        with indent_log():
+            # Check if the relevant file is already available
+            # in the download directory
+            file_path = None
+            if self.download_dir is not None and link.is_wheel:
+                hashes = self._get_linked_req_hashes(req)
+                file_path = _check_download_dir(req.link, self.download_dir, hashes)
+
+            if file_path is not None:
+                # The file is already available, so mark it as downloaded
+                self._downloaded[req.link.url] = file_path
+            else:
+                # The file is not available, attempt to fetch only metadata
+                wheel_dist = self._fetch_metadata_using_lazy_wheel(link)
+                if wheel_dist is not None:
+                    req.needs_more_preparation = True
+                    return wheel_dist
+
+            # None of the optimizations worked, fully prepare the requirement
+            return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
+
+    def prepare_linked_requirements_more(
+        self, reqs: Iterable[InstallRequirement], parallel_builds: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """Prepare linked requirements more, if needed."""
+        reqs = [req for req in reqs if req.needs_more_preparation]
+        for req in reqs:
+            # Determine if any of these requirements were already downloaded.
+            if self.download_dir is not None and req.link.is_wheel:
+                hashes = self._get_linked_req_hashes(req)
+                file_path = _check_download_dir(req.link, self.download_dir, hashes)
+                if file_path is not None:
+                    self._downloaded[req.link.url] = file_path
+                    req.needs_more_preparation = False
+
+        # Prepare requirements we found were already downloaded for some
+        # reason. The other downloads will be completed separately.
+        partially_downloaded_reqs: List[InstallRequirement] = []
+        for req in reqs:
+            if req.needs_more_preparation:
+                partially_downloaded_reqs.append(req)
+            else:
+                self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
+
+        # TODO: separate this part out from RequirementPreparer when the v1
+        # resolver can be removed!
+        self._complete_partial_requirements(
+            partially_downloaded_reqs,
+            parallel_builds=parallel_builds,
+        )
+
+    def _prepare_linked_requirement(
+        self, req: InstallRequirement, parallel_builds: bool
+    ) -> BaseDistribution:
+        assert req.link
+        link = req.link
+
+        self._ensure_link_req_src_dir(req, parallel_builds)
+        hashes = self._get_linked_req_hashes(req)
+
+        if link.is_existing_dir() and self.in_tree_build:
+            local_file = None
+        elif link.url not in self._downloaded:
+            try:
+                local_file = unpack_url(
+                    link,
+                    req.source_dir,
+                    self._download,
+                    self.verbosity,
+                    self.download_dir,
+                    hashes,
+                )
+            except NetworkConnectionError as exc:
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "Could not install requirement {} because of HTTP "
+                    "error {} for URL {}".format(req, exc, link)
+                )
+        else:
+            file_path = self._downloaded[link.url]
+            if hashes:
+                hashes.check_against_path(file_path)
+            local_file = File(file_path, content_type=None)
+
+        # For use in later processing,
+        # preserve the file path on the requirement.
+        if local_file:
+            req.local_file_path = local_file.path
+
+        dist = _get_prepared_distribution(
+            req,
+            self.req_tracker,
+            self.finder,
+            self.build_isolation,
+        )
+        return dist
+
+    def save_linked_requirement(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        assert self.download_dir is not None
+        assert req.link is not None
+        link = req.link
+        if link.is_vcs or (link.is_existing_dir() and req.editable):
+            # Make a .zip of the source_dir we already created.
+            req.archive(self.download_dir)
+            return
+
+        if link.is_existing_dir():
+            logger.debug(
+                "Not copying link to destination directory "
+                "since it is a directory: %s",
+                link,
+            )
+            return
+        if req.local_file_path is None:
+            # No distribution was downloaded for this requirement.
+            return
+
+        download_location = os.path.join(self.download_dir, link.filename)
+        if not os.path.exists(download_location):
+            shutil.copy(req.local_file_path, download_location)
+            download_path = display_path(download_location)
+            logger.info("Saved %s", download_path)
+
+    def prepare_editable_requirement(
+        self,
+        req: InstallRequirement,
+    ) -> BaseDistribution:
+        """Prepare an editable requirement."""
+        assert req.editable, "cannot prepare a non-editable req as editable"
+
+        logger.info("Obtaining %s", req)
+
+        with indent_log():
+            if self.require_hashes:
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "The editable requirement {} cannot be installed when "
+                    "requiring hashes, because there is no single file to "
+                    "hash.".format(req)
+                )
+            req.ensure_has_source_dir(self.src_dir)
+            req.update_editable()
+
+            dist = _get_prepared_distribution(
+                req,
+                self.req_tracker,
+                self.finder,
+                self.build_isolation,
+            )
+
+            req.check_if_exists(self.use_user_site)
+
+        return dist
+
+    def prepare_installed_requirement(
+        self,
+        req: InstallRequirement,
+        skip_reason: str,
+    ) -> BaseDistribution:
+        """Prepare an already-installed requirement."""
+        assert req.satisfied_by, "req should have been satisfied but isn't"
+        assert skip_reason is not None, (
+            "did not get skip reason skipped but req.satisfied_by "
+            "is set to {}".format(req.satisfied_by)
+        )
+        logger.info(
+            "Requirement %s: %s (%s)", skip_reason, req, req.satisfied_by.version
+        )
+        with indent_log():
+            if self.require_hashes:
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Since it is already installed, we are trusting this "
+                    "package without checking its hash. To ensure a "
+                    "completely repeatable environment, install into an "
+                    "empty virtualenv."
+                )
+            return InstalledDistribution(req).get_metadata_distribution()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/pyproject.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/pyproject.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e183eaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/pyproject.py
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+import os
+from collections import namedtuple
+from typing import Any, List, Optional
+
+from pip._vendor import tomli
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import InvalidRequirement, Requirement
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    InstallationError,
+    InvalidPyProjectBuildRequires,
+    MissingPyProjectBuildRequires,
+)
+
+
+def _is_list_of_str(obj: Any) -> bool:
+    return isinstance(obj, list) and all(isinstance(item, str) for item in obj)
+
+
+def make_pyproject_path(unpacked_source_directory: str) -> str:
+    return os.path.join(unpacked_source_directory, "pyproject.toml")
+
+
+BuildSystemDetails = namedtuple(
+    "BuildSystemDetails", ["requires", "backend", "check", "backend_path"]
+)
+
+
+def load_pyproject_toml(
+    use_pep517: Optional[bool], pyproject_toml: str, setup_py: str, req_name: str
+) -> Optional[BuildSystemDetails]:
+    """Load the pyproject.toml file.
+
+    Parameters:
+        use_pep517 - Has the user requested PEP 517 processing? None
+                     means the user hasn't explicitly specified.
+        pyproject_toml - Location of the project's pyproject.toml file
+        setup_py - Location of the project's setup.py file
+        req_name - The name of the requirement we're processing (for
+                   error reporting)
+
+    Returns:
+        None if we should use the legacy code path, otherwise a tuple
+        (
+            requirements from pyproject.toml,
+            name of PEP 517 backend,
+            requirements we should check are installed after setting
+                up the build environment
+            directory paths to import the backend from (backend-path),
+                relative to the project root.
+        )
+    """
+    has_pyproject = os.path.isfile(pyproject_toml)
+    has_setup = os.path.isfile(setup_py)
+
+    if not has_pyproject and not has_setup:
+        raise InstallationError(
+            f"{req_name} does not appear to be a Python project: "
+            f"neither 'setup.py' nor 'pyproject.toml' found."
+        )
+
+    if has_pyproject:
+        with open(pyproject_toml, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            pp_toml = tomli.loads(f.read())
+        build_system = pp_toml.get("build-system")
+    else:
+        build_system = None
+
+    # The following cases must use PEP 517
+    # We check for use_pep517 being non-None and falsey because that means
+    # the user explicitly requested --no-use-pep517.  The value 0 as
+    # opposed to False can occur when the value is provided via an
+    # environment variable or config file option (due to the quirk of
+    # strtobool() returning an integer in pip's configuration code).
+    if has_pyproject and not has_setup:
+        if use_pep517 is not None and not use_pep517:
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Disabling PEP 517 processing is invalid: "
+                "project does not have a setup.py"
+            )
+        use_pep517 = True
+    elif build_system and "build-backend" in build_system:
+        if use_pep517 is not None and not use_pep517:
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Disabling PEP 517 processing is invalid: "
+                "project specifies a build backend of {} "
+                "in pyproject.toml".format(build_system["build-backend"])
+            )
+        use_pep517 = True
+
+    # If we haven't worked out whether to use PEP 517 yet,
+    # and the user hasn't explicitly stated a preference,
+    # we do so if the project has a pyproject.toml file.
+    elif use_pep517 is None:
+        use_pep517 = has_pyproject
+
+    # At this point, we know whether we're going to use PEP 517.
+    assert use_pep517 is not None
+
+    # If we're using the legacy code path, there is nothing further
+    # for us to do here.
+    if not use_pep517:
+        return None
+
+    if build_system is None:
+        # Either the user has a pyproject.toml with no build-system
+        # section, or the user has no pyproject.toml, but has opted in
+        # explicitly via --use-pep517.
+        # In the absence of any explicit backend specification, we
+        # assume the setuptools backend that most closely emulates the
+        # traditional direct setup.py execution, and require wheel and
+        # a version of setuptools that supports that backend.
+
+        build_system = {
+            "requires": ["setuptools>=40.8.0", "wheel"],
+            "build-backend": "setuptools.build_meta:__legacy__",
+        }
+
+    # If we're using PEP 517, we have build system information (either
+    # from pyproject.toml, or defaulted by the code above).
+    # Note that at this point, we do not know if the user has actually
+    # specified a backend, though.
+    assert build_system is not None
+
+    # Ensure that the build-system section in pyproject.toml conforms
+    # to PEP 518.
+
+    # Specifying the build-system table but not the requires key is invalid
+    if "requires" not in build_system:
+        raise MissingPyProjectBuildRequires(package=req_name)
+
+    # Error out if requires is not a list of strings
+    requires = build_system["requires"]
+    if not _is_list_of_str(requires):
+        raise InvalidPyProjectBuildRequires(
+            package=req_name,
+            reason="It is not a list of strings.",
+        )
+
+    # Each requirement must be valid as per PEP 508
+    for requirement in requires:
+        try:
+            Requirement(requirement)
+        except InvalidRequirement as error:
+            raise InvalidPyProjectBuildRequires(
+                package=req_name,
+                reason=f"It contains an invalid requirement: {requirement!r}",
+            ) from error
+
+    backend = build_system.get("build-backend")
+    backend_path = build_system.get("backend-path", [])
+    check: List[str] = []
+    if backend is None:
+        # If the user didn't specify a backend, we assume they want to use
+        # the setuptools backend. But we can't be sure they have included
+        # a version of setuptools which supplies the backend, or wheel
+        # (which is needed by the backend) in their requirements. So we
+        # make a note to check that those requirements are present once
+        # we have set up the environment.
+        # This is quite a lot of work to check for a very specific case. But
+        # the problem is, that case is potentially quite common - projects that
+        # adopted PEP 518 early for the ability to specify requirements to
+        # execute setup.py, but never considered needing to mention the build
+        # tools themselves. The original PEP 518 code had a similar check (but
+        # implemented in a different way).
+        backend = "setuptools.build_meta:__legacy__"
+        check = ["setuptools>=40.8.0", "wheel"]
+
+    return BuildSystemDetails(requires, backend, check, backend_path)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70dea27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+import collections
+import logging
+from typing import Iterator, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+
+from .req_file import parse_requirements
+from .req_install import InstallRequirement
+from .req_set import RequirementSet
+
+__all__ = [
+    "RequirementSet",
+    "InstallRequirement",
+    "parse_requirements",
+    "install_given_reqs",
+]
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class InstallationResult:
+    def __init__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"InstallationResult(name={self.name!r})"
+
+
+def _validate_requirements(
+    requirements: List[InstallRequirement],
+) -> Iterator[Tuple[str, InstallRequirement]]:
+    for req in requirements:
+        assert req.name, f"invalid to-be-installed requirement: {req}"
+        yield req.name, req
+
+
+def install_given_reqs(
+    requirements: List[InstallRequirement],
+    install_options: List[str],
+    global_options: Sequence[str],
+    root: Optional[str],
+    home: Optional[str],
+    prefix: Optional[str],
+    warn_script_location: bool,
+    use_user_site: bool,
+    pycompile: bool,
+) -> List[InstallationResult]:
+    """
+    Install everything in the given list.
+
+    (to be called after having downloaded and unpacked the packages)
+    """
+    to_install = collections.OrderedDict(_validate_requirements(requirements))
+
+    if to_install:
+        logger.info(
+            "Installing collected packages: %s",
+            ", ".join(to_install.keys()),
+        )
+
+    installed = []
+
+    with indent_log():
+        for req_name, requirement in to_install.items():
+            if requirement.should_reinstall:
+                logger.info("Attempting uninstall: %s", req_name)
+                with indent_log():
+                    uninstalled_pathset = requirement.uninstall(auto_confirm=True)
+            else:
+                uninstalled_pathset = None
+
+            try:
+                requirement.install(
+                    install_options,
+                    global_options,
+                    root=root,
+                    home=home,
+                    prefix=prefix,
+                    warn_script_location=warn_script_location,
+                    use_user_site=use_user_site,
+                    pycompile=pycompile,
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                # if install did not succeed, rollback previous uninstall
+                if uninstalled_pathset and not requirement.install_succeeded:
+                    uninstalled_pathset.rollback()
+                raise
+            else:
+                if uninstalled_pathset and requirement.install_succeeded:
+                    uninstalled_pathset.commit()
+
+            installed.append(InstallationResult(req_name))
+
+    return installed
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/constructors.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/constructors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..25bfb39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/constructors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
+"""Backing implementation for InstallRequirement's various constructors
+
+The idea here is that these formed a major chunk of InstallRequirement's size
+so, moving them and support code dedicated to them outside of that class
+helps creates for better understandability for the rest of the code.
+
+These are meant to be used elsewhere within pip to create instances of
+InstallRequirement.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.markers import Marker
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import InvalidRequirement, Requirement
+from pip._vendor.packaging.specifiers import Specifier
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI, TestPyPI
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.models.wheel import Wheel
+from pip._internal.req.req_file import ParsedRequirement
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.utils.filetypes import is_archive_file
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import is_installable_dir
+from pip._internal.utils.packaging import get_requirement
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import path_to_url
+from pip._internal.vcs import is_url, vcs
+
+__all__ = [
+    "install_req_from_editable",
+    "install_req_from_line",
+    "parse_editable",
+]
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+operators = Specifier._operators.keys()
+
+
+def _strip_extras(path: str) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str]]:
+    m = re.match(r"^(.+)(\[[^\]]+\])$", path)
+    extras = None
+    if m:
+        path_no_extras = m.group(1)
+        extras = m.group(2)
+    else:
+        path_no_extras = path
+
+    return path_no_extras, extras
+
+
+def convert_extras(extras: Optional[str]) -> Set[str]:
+    if not extras:
+        return set()
+    return get_requirement("placeholder" + extras.lower()).extras
+
+
+def parse_editable(editable_req: str) -> Tuple[Optional[str], str, Set[str]]:
+    """Parses an editable requirement into:
+        - a requirement name
+        - an URL
+        - extras
+        - editable options
+    Accepted requirements:
+        svn+http://blahblah@rev#egg=Foobar[baz]&subdirectory=version_subdir
+        .[some_extra]
+    """
+
+    url = editable_req
+
+    # If a file path is specified with extras, strip off the extras.
+    url_no_extras, extras = _strip_extras(url)
+
+    if os.path.isdir(url_no_extras):
+        # Treating it as code that has already been checked out
+        url_no_extras = path_to_url(url_no_extras)
+
+    if url_no_extras.lower().startswith("file:"):
+        package_name = Link(url_no_extras).egg_fragment
+        if extras:
+            return (
+                package_name,
+                url_no_extras,
+                get_requirement("placeholder" + extras.lower()).extras,
+            )
+        else:
+            return package_name, url_no_extras, set()
+
+    for version_control in vcs:
+        if url.lower().startswith(f"{version_control}:"):
+            url = f"{version_control}+{url}"
+            break
+
+    link = Link(url)
+
+    if not link.is_vcs:
+        backends = ", ".join(vcs.all_schemes)
+        raise InstallationError(
+            f"{editable_req} is not a valid editable requirement. "
+            f"It should either be a path to a local project or a VCS URL "
+            f"(beginning with {backends})."
+        )
+
+    package_name = link.egg_fragment
+    if not package_name:
+        raise InstallationError(
+            "Could not detect requirement name for '{}', please specify one "
+            "with #egg=your_package_name".format(editable_req)
+        )
+    return package_name, url, set()
+
+
+def check_first_requirement_in_file(filename: str) -> None:
+    """Check if file is parsable as a requirements file.
+
+    This is heavily based on ``pkg_resources.parse_requirements``, but
+    simplified to just check the first meaningful line.
+
+    :raises InvalidRequirement: If the first meaningful line cannot be parsed
+        as an requirement.
+    """
+    with open(filename, encoding="utf-8", errors="ignore") as f:
+        # Create a steppable iterator, so we can handle \-continuations.
+        lines = (
+            line
+            for line in (line.strip() for line in f)
+            if line and not line.startswith("#")  # Skip blank lines/comments.
+        )
+
+        for line in lines:
+            # Drop comments -- a hash without a space may be in a URL.
+            if " #" in line:
+                line = line[: line.find(" #")]
+            # If there is a line continuation, drop it, and append the next line.
+            if line.endswith("\\"):
+                line = line[:-2].strip() + next(lines, "")
+            Requirement(line)
+            return
+
+
+def deduce_helpful_msg(req: str) -> str:
+    """Returns helpful msg in case requirements file does not exist,
+    or cannot be parsed.
+
+    :params req: Requirements file path
+    """
+    if not os.path.exists(req):
+        return f" File '{req}' does not exist."
+    msg = " The path does exist. "
+    # Try to parse and check if it is a requirements file.
+    try:
+        check_first_requirement_in_file(req)
+    except InvalidRequirement:
+        logger.debug("Cannot parse '%s' as requirements file", req)
+    else:
+        msg += (
+            f"The argument you provided "
+            f"({req}) appears to be a"
+            f" requirements file. If that is the"
+            f" case, use the '-r' flag to install"
+            f" the packages specified within it."
+        )
+    return msg
+
+
+class RequirementParts:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        requirement: Optional[Requirement],
+        link: Optional[Link],
+        markers: Optional[Marker],
+        extras: Set[str],
+    ):
+        self.requirement = requirement
+        self.link = link
+        self.markers = markers
+        self.extras = extras
+
+
+def parse_req_from_editable(editable_req: str) -> RequirementParts:
+    name, url, extras_override = parse_editable(editable_req)
+
+    if name is not None:
+        try:
+            req: Optional[Requirement] = Requirement(name)
+        except InvalidRequirement:
+            raise InstallationError(f"Invalid requirement: '{name}'")
+    else:
+        req = None
+
+    link = Link(url)
+
+    return RequirementParts(req, link, None, extras_override)
+
+
+# ---- The actual constructors follow ----
+
+
+def install_req_from_editable(
+    editable_req: str,
+    comes_from: Optional[Union[InstallRequirement, str]] = None,
+    use_pep517: Optional[bool] = None,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    options: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    constraint: bool = False,
+    user_supplied: bool = False,
+    permit_editable_wheels: bool = False,
+) -> InstallRequirement:
+
+    parts = parse_req_from_editable(editable_req)
+
+    return InstallRequirement(
+        parts.requirement,
+        comes_from=comes_from,
+        user_supplied=user_supplied,
+        editable=True,
+        permit_editable_wheels=permit_editable_wheels,
+        link=parts.link,
+        constraint=constraint,
+        use_pep517=use_pep517,
+        isolated=isolated,
+        install_options=options.get("install_options", []) if options else [],
+        global_options=options.get("global_options", []) if options else [],
+        hash_options=options.get("hashes", {}) if options else {},
+        extras=parts.extras,
+    )
+
+
+def _looks_like_path(name: str) -> bool:
+    """Checks whether the string "looks like" a path on the filesystem.
+
+    This does not check whether the target actually exists, only judge from the
+    appearance.
+
+    Returns true if any of the following conditions is true:
+    * a path separator is found (either os.path.sep or os.path.altsep);
+    * a dot is found (which represents the current directory).
+    """
+    if os.path.sep in name:
+        return True
+    if os.path.altsep is not None and os.path.altsep in name:
+        return True
+    if name.startswith("."):
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def _get_url_from_path(path: str, name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    First, it checks whether a provided path is an installable directory. If it
+    is, returns the path.
+
+    If false, check if the path is an archive file (such as a .whl).
+    The function checks if the path is a file. If false, if the path has
+    an @, it will treat it as a PEP 440 URL requirement and return the path.
+    """
+    if _looks_like_path(name) and os.path.isdir(path):
+        if is_installable_dir(path):
+            return path_to_url(path)
+        # TODO: The is_installable_dir test here might not be necessary
+        #       now that it is done in load_pyproject_toml too.
+        raise InstallationError(
+            f"Directory {name!r} is not installable. Neither 'setup.py' "
+            "nor 'pyproject.toml' found."
+        )
+    if not is_archive_file(path):
+        return None
+    if os.path.isfile(path):
+        return path_to_url(path)
+    urlreq_parts = name.split("@", 1)
+    if len(urlreq_parts) >= 2 and not _looks_like_path(urlreq_parts[0]):
+        # If the path contains '@' and the part before it does not look
+        # like a path, try to treat it as a PEP 440 URL req instead.
+        return None
+    logger.warning(
+        "Requirement %r looks like a filename, but the file does not exist",
+        name,
+    )
+    return path_to_url(path)
+
+
+def parse_req_from_line(name: str, line_source: Optional[str]) -> RequirementParts:
+    if is_url(name):
+        marker_sep = "; "
+    else:
+        marker_sep = ";"
+    if marker_sep in name:
+        name, markers_as_string = name.split(marker_sep, 1)
+        markers_as_string = markers_as_string.strip()
+        if not markers_as_string:
+            markers = None
+        else:
+            markers = Marker(markers_as_string)
+    else:
+        markers = None
+    name = name.strip()
+    req_as_string = None
+    path = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(name))
+    link = None
+    extras_as_string = None
+
+    if is_url(name):
+        link = Link(name)
+    else:
+        p, extras_as_string = _strip_extras(path)
+        url = _get_url_from_path(p, name)
+        if url is not None:
+            link = Link(url)
+
+    # it's a local file, dir, or url
+    if link:
+        # Handle relative file URLs
+        if link.scheme == "file" and re.search(r"\.\./", link.url):
+            link = Link(path_to_url(os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(link.path))))
+        # wheel file
+        if link.is_wheel:
+            wheel = Wheel(link.filename)  # can raise InvalidWheelFilename
+            req_as_string = f"{wheel.name}=={wheel.version}"
+        else:
+            # set the req to the egg fragment.  when it's not there, this
+            # will become an 'unnamed' requirement
+            req_as_string = link.egg_fragment
+
+    # a requirement specifier
+    else:
+        req_as_string = name
+
+    extras = convert_extras(extras_as_string)
+
+    def with_source(text: str) -> str:
+        if not line_source:
+            return text
+        return f"{text} (from {line_source})"
+
+    def _parse_req_string(req_as_string: str) -> Requirement:
+        try:
+            req = get_requirement(req_as_string)
+        except InvalidRequirement:
+            if os.path.sep in req_as_string:
+                add_msg = "It looks like a path."
+                add_msg += deduce_helpful_msg(req_as_string)
+            elif "=" in req_as_string and not any(
+                op in req_as_string for op in operators
+            ):
+                add_msg = "= is not a valid operator. Did you mean == ?"
+            else:
+                add_msg = ""
+            msg = with_source(f"Invalid requirement: {req_as_string!r}")
+            if add_msg:
+                msg += f"\nHint: {add_msg}"
+            raise InstallationError(msg)
+        else:
+            # Deprecate extras after specifiers: "name>=1.0[extras]"
+            # This currently works by accident because _strip_extras() parses
+            # any extras in the end of the string and those are saved in
+            # RequirementParts
+            for spec in req.specifier:
+                spec_str = str(spec)
+                if spec_str.endswith("]"):
+                    msg = f"Extras after version '{spec_str}'."
+                    raise InstallationError(msg)
+        return req
+
+    if req_as_string is not None:
+        req: Optional[Requirement] = _parse_req_string(req_as_string)
+    else:
+        req = None
+
+    return RequirementParts(req, link, markers, extras)
+
+
+def install_req_from_line(
+    name: str,
+    comes_from: Optional[Union[str, InstallRequirement]] = None,
+    use_pep517: Optional[bool] = None,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    options: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    constraint: bool = False,
+    line_source: Optional[str] = None,
+    user_supplied: bool = False,
+) -> InstallRequirement:
+    """Creates an InstallRequirement from a name, which might be a
+    requirement, directory containing 'setup.py', filename, or URL.
+
+    :param line_source: An optional string describing where the line is from,
+        for logging purposes in case of an error.
+    """
+    parts = parse_req_from_line(name, line_source)
+
+    return InstallRequirement(
+        parts.requirement,
+        comes_from,
+        link=parts.link,
+        markers=parts.markers,
+        use_pep517=use_pep517,
+        isolated=isolated,
+        install_options=options.get("install_options", []) if options else [],
+        global_options=options.get("global_options", []) if options else [],
+        hash_options=options.get("hashes", {}) if options else {},
+        constraint=constraint,
+        extras=parts.extras,
+        user_supplied=user_supplied,
+    )
+
+
+def install_req_from_req_string(
+    req_string: str,
+    comes_from: Optional[InstallRequirement] = None,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    use_pep517: Optional[bool] = None,
+    user_supplied: bool = False,
+) -> InstallRequirement:
+    try:
+        req = get_requirement(req_string)
+    except InvalidRequirement:
+        raise InstallationError(f"Invalid requirement: '{req_string}'")
+
+    domains_not_allowed = [
+        PyPI.file_storage_domain,
+        TestPyPI.file_storage_domain,
+    ]
+    if (
+        req.url
+        and comes_from
+        and comes_from.link
+        and comes_from.link.netloc in domains_not_allowed
+    ):
+        # Explicitly disallow pypi packages that depend on external urls
+        raise InstallationError(
+            "Packages installed from PyPI cannot depend on packages "
+            "which are not also hosted on PyPI.\n"
+            "{} depends on {} ".format(comes_from.name, req)
+        )
+
+    return InstallRequirement(
+        req,
+        comes_from,
+        isolated=isolated,
+        use_pep517=use_pep517,
+        user_supplied=user_supplied,
+    )
+
+
+def install_req_from_parsed_requirement(
+    parsed_req: ParsedRequirement,
+    isolated: bool = False,
+    use_pep517: Optional[bool] = None,
+    user_supplied: bool = False,
+) -> InstallRequirement:
+    if parsed_req.is_editable:
+        req = install_req_from_editable(
+            parsed_req.requirement,
+            comes_from=parsed_req.comes_from,
+            use_pep517=use_pep517,
+            constraint=parsed_req.constraint,
+            isolated=isolated,
+            user_supplied=user_supplied,
+        )
+
+    else:
+        req = install_req_from_line(
+            parsed_req.requirement,
+            comes_from=parsed_req.comes_from,
+            use_pep517=use_pep517,
+            isolated=isolated,
+            options=parsed_req.options,
+            constraint=parsed_req.constraint,
+            line_source=parsed_req.line_source,
+            user_supplied=user_supplied,
+        )
+    return req
+
+
+def install_req_from_link_and_ireq(
+    link: Link, ireq: InstallRequirement
+) -> InstallRequirement:
+    return InstallRequirement(
+        req=ireq.req,
+        comes_from=ireq.comes_from,
+        editable=ireq.editable,
+        link=link,
+        markers=ireq.markers,
+        use_pep517=ireq.use_pep517,
+        isolated=ireq.isolated,
+        install_options=ireq.install_options,
+        global_options=ireq.global_options,
+        hash_options=ireq.hash_options,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_file.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_file.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03ae504
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_file.py
@@ -0,0 +1,536 @@
+"""
+Requirements file parsing
+"""
+
+import optparse
+import os
+import re
+import shlex
+import urllib.parse
+from optparse import Values
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+)
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError, RequirementsFileParseError
+from pip._internal.models.search_scope import SearchScope
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.network.utils import raise_for_status
+from pip._internal.utils.encoding import auto_decode
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import get_url_scheme
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    # NoReturn introduced in 3.6.2; imported only for type checking to maintain
+    # pip compatibility with older patch versions of Python 3.6
+    from typing import NoReturn
+
+    from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+
+__all__ = ["parse_requirements"]
+
+ReqFileLines = Iterable[Tuple[int, str]]
+
+LineParser = Callable[[str], Tuple[str, Values]]
+
+SCHEME_RE = re.compile(r"^(http|https|file):", re.I)
+COMMENT_RE = re.compile(r"(^|\s+)#.*$")
+
+# Matches environment variable-style values in '${MY_VARIABLE_1}' with the
+# variable name consisting of only uppercase letters, digits or the '_'
+# (underscore). This follows the POSIX standard defined in IEEE Std 1003.1,
+# 2013 Edition.
+ENV_VAR_RE = re.compile(r"(?P<var>\$\{(?P<name>[A-Z0-9_]+)\})")
+
+SUPPORTED_OPTIONS: List[Callable[..., optparse.Option]] = [
+    cmdoptions.index_url,
+    cmdoptions.extra_index_url,
+    cmdoptions.no_index,
+    cmdoptions.constraints,
+    cmdoptions.requirements,
+    cmdoptions.editable,
+    cmdoptions.find_links,
+    cmdoptions.no_binary,
+    cmdoptions.only_binary,
+    cmdoptions.prefer_binary,
+    cmdoptions.require_hashes,
+    cmdoptions.pre,
+    cmdoptions.trusted_host,
+    cmdoptions.use_new_feature,
+]
+
+# options to be passed to requirements
+SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ: List[Callable[..., optparse.Option]] = [
+    cmdoptions.install_options,
+    cmdoptions.global_options,
+    cmdoptions.hash,
+]
+
+# the 'dest' string values
+SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ_DEST = [str(o().dest) for o in SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ]
+
+
+class ParsedRequirement:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        requirement: str,
+        is_editable: bool,
+        comes_from: str,
+        constraint: bool,
+        options: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+        line_source: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.requirement = requirement
+        self.is_editable = is_editable
+        self.comes_from = comes_from
+        self.options = options
+        self.constraint = constraint
+        self.line_source = line_source
+
+
+class ParsedLine:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        filename: str,
+        lineno: int,
+        args: str,
+        opts: Values,
+        constraint: bool,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.lineno = lineno
+        self.opts = opts
+        self.constraint = constraint
+
+        if args:
+            self.is_requirement = True
+            self.is_editable = False
+            self.requirement = args
+        elif opts.editables:
+            self.is_requirement = True
+            self.is_editable = True
+            # We don't support multiple -e on one line
+            self.requirement = opts.editables[0]
+        else:
+            self.is_requirement = False
+
+
+def parse_requirements(
+    filename: str,
+    session: PipSession,
+    finder: Optional["PackageFinder"] = None,
+    options: Optional[optparse.Values] = None,
+    constraint: bool = False,
+) -> Iterator[ParsedRequirement]:
+    """Parse a requirements file and yield ParsedRequirement instances.
+
+    :param filename:    Path or url of requirements file.
+    :param session:     PipSession instance.
+    :param finder:      Instance of pip.index.PackageFinder.
+    :param options:     cli options.
+    :param constraint:  If true, parsing a constraint file rather than
+        requirements file.
+    """
+    line_parser = get_line_parser(finder)
+    parser = RequirementsFileParser(session, line_parser)
+
+    for parsed_line in parser.parse(filename, constraint):
+        parsed_req = handle_line(
+            parsed_line, options=options, finder=finder, session=session
+        )
+        if parsed_req is not None:
+            yield parsed_req
+
+
+def preprocess(content: str) -> ReqFileLines:
+    """Split, filter, and join lines, and return a line iterator
+
+    :param content: the content of the requirements file
+    """
+    lines_enum: ReqFileLines = enumerate(content.splitlines(), start=1)
+    lines_enum = join_lines(lines_enum)
+    lines_enum = ignore_comments(lines_enum)
+    lines_enum = expand_env_variables(lines_enum)
+    return lines_enum
+
+
+def handle_requirement_line(
+    line: ParsedLine,
+    options: Optional[optparse.Values] = None,
+) -> ParsedRequirement:
+
+    # preserve for the nested code path
+    line_comes_from = "{} {} (line {})".format(
+        "-c" if line.constraint else "-r",
+        line.filename,
+        line.lineno,
+    )
+
+    assert line.is_requirement
+
+    if line.is_editable:
+        # For editable requirements, we don't support per-requirement
+        # options, so just return the parsed requirement.
+        return ParsedRequirement(
+            requirement=line.requirement,
+            is_editable=line.is_editable,
+            comes_from=line_comes_from,
+            constraint=line.constraint,
+        )
+    else:
+        if options:
+            # Disable wheels if the user has specified build options
+            cmdoptions.check_install_build_global(options, line.opts)
+
+        # get the options that apply to requirements
+        req_options = {}
+        for dest in SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ_DEST:
+            if dest in line.opts.__dict__ and line.opts.__dict__[dest]:
+                req_options[dest] = line.opts.__dict__[dest]
+
+        line_source = f"line {line.lineno} of {line.filename}"
+        return ParsedRequirement(
+            requirement=line.requirement,
+            is_editable=line.is_editable,
+            comes_from=line_comes_from,
+            constraint=line.constraint,
+            options=req_options,
+            line_source=line_source,
+        )
+
+
+def handle_option_line(
+    opts: Values,
+    filename: str,
+    lineno: int,
+    finder: Optional["PackageFinder"] = None,
+    options: Optional[optparse.Values] = None,
+    session: Optional[PipSession] = None,
+) -> None:
+
+    if options:
+        # percolate options upward
+        if opts.require_hashes:
+            options.require_hashes = opts.require_hashes
+        if opts.features_enabled:
+            options.features_enabled.extend(
+                f for f in opts.features_enabled if f not in options.features_enabled
+            )
+
+    # set finder options
+    if finder:
+        find_links = finder.find_links
+        index_urls = finder.index_urls
+        if opts.index_url:
+            index_urls = [opts.index_url]
+        if opts.no_index is True:
+            index_urls = []
+        if opts.extra_index_urls:
+            index_urls.extend(opts.extra_index_urls)
+        if opts.find_links:
+            # FIXME: it would be nice to keep track of the source
+            # of the find_links: support a find-links local path
+            # relative to a requirements file.
+            value = opts.find_links[0]
+            req_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(filename))
+            relative_to_reqs_file = os.path.join(req_dir, value)
+            if os.path.exists(relative_to_reqs_file):
+                value = relative_to_reqs_file
+            find_links.append(value)
+
+        if session:
+            # We need to update the auth urls in session
+            session.update_index_urls(index_urls)
+
+        search_scope = SearchScope(
+            find_links=find_links,
+            index_urls=index_urls,
+        )
+        finder.search_scope = search_scope
+
+        if opts.pre:
+            finder.set_allow_all_prereleases()
+
+        if opts.prefer_binary:
+            finder.set_prefer_binary()
+
+        if session:
+            for host in opts.trusted_hosts or []:
+                source = f"line {lineno} of {filename}"
+                session.add_trusted_host(host, source=source)
+
+
+def handle_line(
+    line: ParsedLine,
+    options: Optional[optparse.Values] = None,
+    finder: Optional["PackageFinder"] = None,
+    session: Optional[PipSession] = None,
+) -> Optional[ParsedRequirement]:
+    """Handle a single parsed requirements line; This can result in
+    creating/yielding requirements, or updating the finder.
+
+    :param line:        The parsed line to be processed.
+    :param options:     CLI options.
+    :param finder:      The finder - updated by non-requirement lines.
+    :param session:     The session - updated by non-requirement lines.
+
+    Returns a ParsedRequirement object if the line is a requirement line,
+    otherwise returns None.
+
+    For lines that contain requirements, the only options that have an effect
+    are from SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ, and they are scoped to the
+    requirement. Other options from SUPPORTED_OPTIONS may be present, but are
+    ignored.
+
+    For lines that do not contain requirements, the only options that have an
+    effect are from SUPPORTED_OPTIONS. Options from SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ may
+    be present, but are ignored. These lines may contain multiple options
+    (although our docs imply only one is supported), and all our parsed and
+    affect the finder.
+    """
+
+    if line.is_requirement:
+        parsed_req = handle_requirement_line(line, options)
+        return parsed_req
+    else:
+        handle_option_line(
+            line.opts,
+            line.filename,
+            line.lineno,
+            finder,
+            options,
+            session,
+        )
+        return None
+
+
+class RequirementsFileParser:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        session: PipSession,
+        line_parser: LineParser,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+        self._line_parser = line_parser
+
+    def parse(self, filename: str, constraint: bool) -> Iterator[ParsedLine]:
+        """Parse a given file, yielding parsed lines."""
+        yield from self._parse_and_recurse(filename, constraint)
+
+    def _parse_and_recurse(
+        self, filename: str, constraint: bool
+    ) -> Iterator[ParsedLine]:
+        for line in self._parse_file(filename, constraint):
+            if not line.is_requirement and (
+                line.opts.requirements or line.opts.constraints
+            ):
+                # parse a nested requirements file
+                if line.opts.requirements:
+                    req_path = line.opts.requirements[0]
+                    nested_constraint = False
+                else:
+                    req_path = line.opts.constraints[0]
+                    nested_constraint = True
+
+                # original file is over http
+                if SCHEME_RE.search(filename):
+                    # do a url join so relative paths work
+                    req_path = urllib.parse.urljoin(filename, req_path)
+                # original file and nested file are paths
+                elif not SCHEME_RE.search(req_path):
+                    # do a join so relative paths work
+                    req_path = os.path.join(
+                        os.path.dirname(filename),
+                        req_path,
+                    )
+
+                yield from self._parse_and_recurse(req_path, nested_constraint)
+            else:
+                yield line
+
+    def _parse_file(self, filename: str, constraint: bool) -> Iterator[ParsedLine]:
+        _, content = get_file_content(filename, self._session)
+
+        lines_enum = preprocess(content)
+
+        for line_number, line in lines_enum:
+            try:
+                args_str, opts = self._line_parser(line)
+            except OptionParsingError as e:
+                # add offending line
+                msg = f"Invalid requirement: {line}\n{e.msg}"
+                raise RequirementsFileParseError(msg)
+
+            yield ParsedLine(
+                filename,
+                line_number,
+                args_str,
+                opts,
+                constraint,
+            )
+
+
+def get_line_parser(finder: Optional["PackageFinder"]) -> LineParser:
+    def parse_line(line: str) -> Tuple[str, Values]:
+        # Build new parser for each line since it accumulates appendable
+        # options.
+        parser = build_parser()
+        defaults = parser.get_default_values()
+        defaults.index_url = None
+        if finder:
+            defaults.format_control = finder.format_control
+
+        args_str, options_str = break_args_options(line)
+
+        opts, _ = parser.parse_args(shlex.split(options_str), defaults)
+
+        return args_str, opts
+
+    return parse_line
+
+
+def break_args_options(line: str) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    """Break up the line into an args and options string.  We only want to shlex
+    (and then optparse) the options, not the args.  args can contain markers
+    which are corrupted by shlex.
+    """
+    tokens = line.split(" ")
+    args = []
+    options = tokens[:]
+    for token in tokens:
+        if token.startswith("-") or token.startswith("--"):
+            break
+        else:
+            args.append(token)
+            options.pop(0)
+    return " ".join(args), " ".join(options)
+
+
+class OptionParsingError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, msg: str) -> None:
+        self.msg = msg
+
+
+def build_parser() -> optparse.OptionParser:
+    """
+    Return a parser for parsing requirement lines
+    """
+    parser = optparse.OptionParser(add_help_option=False)
+
+    option_factories = SUPPORTED_OPTIONS + SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ
+    for option_factory in option_factories:
+        option = option_factory()
+        parser.add_option(option)
+
+    # By default optparse sys.exits on parsing errors. We want to wrap
+    # that in our own exception.
+    def parser_exit(self: Any, msg: str) -> "NoReturn":
+        raise OptionParsingError(msg)
+
+    # NOTE: mypy disallows assigning to a method
+    #       https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/2427
+    parser.exit = parser_exit  # type: ignore
+
+    return parser
+
+
+def join_lines(lines_enum: ReqFileLines) -> ReqFileLines:
+    """Joins a line ending in '\' with the previous line (except when following
+    comments).  The joined line takes on the index of the first line.
+    """
+    primary_line_number = None
+    new_line: List[str] = []
+    for line_number, line in lines_enum:
+        if not line.endswith("\\") or COMMENT_RE.match(line):
+            if COMMENT_RE.match(line):
+                # this ensures comments are always matched later
+                line = " " + line
+            if new_line:
+                new_line.append(line)
+                assert primary_line_number is not None
+                yield primary_line_number, "".join(new_line)
+                new_line = []
+            else:
+                yield line_number, line
+        else:
+            if not new_line:
+                primary_line_number = line_number
+            new_line.append(line.strip("\\"))
+
+    # last line contains \
+    if new_line:
+        assert primary_line_number is not None
+        yield primary_line_number, "".join(new_line)
+
+    # TODO: handle space after '\'.
+
+
+def ignore_comments(lines_enum: ReqFileLines) -> ReqFileLines:
+    """
+    Strips comments and filter empty lines.
+    """
+    for line_number, line in lines_enum:
+        line = COMMENT_RE.sub("", line)
+        line = line.strip()
+        if line:
+            yield line_number, line
+
+
+def expand_env_variables(lines_enum: ReqFileLines) -> ReqFileLines:
+    """Replace all environment variables that can be retrieved via `os.getenv`.
+
+    The only allowed format for environment variables defined in the
+    requirement file is `${MY_VARIABLE_1}` to ensure two things:
+
+    1. Strings that contain a `$` aren't accidentally (partially) expanded.
+    2. Ensure consistency across platforms for requirement files.
+
+    These points are the result of a discussion on the `github pull
+    request #3514 <https://github.com/pypa/pip/pull/3514>`_.
+
+    Valid characters in variable names follow the `POSIX standard
+    <http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/>`_ and are limited
+    to uppercase letter, digits and the `_` (underscore).
+    """
+    for line_number, line in lines_enum:
+        for env_var, var_name in ENV_VAR_RE.findall(line):
+            value = os.getenv(var_name)
+            if not value:
+                continue
+
+            line = line.replace(env_var, value)
+
+        yield line_number, line
+
+
+def get_file_content(url: str, session: PipSession) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    """Gets the content of a file; it may be a filename, file: URL, or
+    http: URL.  Returns (location, content).  Content is unicode.
+    Respects # -*- coding: declarations on the retrieved files.
+
+    :param url:         File path or url.
+    :param session:     PipSession instance.
+    """
+    scheme = get_url_scheme(url)
+
+    # Pip has special support for file:// URLs (LocalFSAdapter).
+    if scheme in ["http", "https", "file"]:
+        resp = session.get(url)
+        raise_for_status(resp)
+        return resp.url, resp.text
+
+    # Assume this is a bare path.
+    try:
+        with open(url, "rb") as f:
+            content = auto_decode(f.read())
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise InstallationError(f"Could not open requirements file: {exc}")
+    return url, content
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_install.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02dbda1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,858 @@
+# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
+# mypy: strict-optional=False
+
+import functools
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+import sys
+import uuid
+import zipfile
+from typing import Any, Collection, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Sequence, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.markers import Marker
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import Requirement
+from pip._vendor.packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import Version
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+from pip._vendor.pep517.wrappers import Pep517HookCaller
+
+from pip._internal.build_env import BuildEnvironment, NoOpBuildEnvironment
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError, LegacyInstallFailure
+from pip._internal.locations import get_scheme
+from pip._internal.metadata import (
+    BaseDistribution,
+    get_default_environment,
+    get_directory_distribution,
+)
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.operations.build.metadata import generate_metadata
+from pip._internal.operations.build.metadata_editable import generate_editable_metadata
+from pip._internal.operations.build.metadata_legacy import (
+    generate_metadata as generate_metadata_legacy,
+)
+from pip._internal.operations.install.editable_legacy import (
+    install_editable as install_editable_legacy,
+)
+from pip._internal.operations.install.legacy import install as install_legacy
+from pip._internal.operations.install.wheel import install_wheel
+from pip._internal.pyproject import load_pyproject_toml, make_pyproject_path
+from pip._internal.req.req_uninstall import UninstallPathSet
+from pip._internal.utils.deprecation import deprecated
+from pip._internal.utils.direct_url_helpers import (
+    direct_url_for_editable,
+    direct_url_from_link,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import Hashes
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    ask_path_exists,
+    backup_dir,
+    display_path,
+    hide_url,
+    redact_auth_from_url,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.packaging import safe_extra
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import runner_with_spinner_message
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory, tempdir_kinds
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv
+from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class InstallRequirement:
+    """
+    Represents something that may be installed later on, may have information
+    about where to fetch the relevant requirement and also contains logic for
+    installing the said requirement.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        req: Optional[Requirement],
+        comes_from: Optional[Union[str, "InstallRequirement"]],
+        editable: bool = False,
+        link: Optional[Link] = None,
+        markers: Optional[Marker] = None,
+        use_pep517: Optional[bool] = None,
+        isolated: bool = False,
+        install_options: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        global_options: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        hash_options: Optional[Dict[str, List[str]]] = None,
+        constraint: bool = False,
+        extras: Collection[str] = (),
+        user_supplied: bool = False,
+        permit_editable_wheels: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert req is None or isinstance(req, Requirement), req
+        self.req = req
+        self.comes_from = comes_from
+        self.constraint = constraint
+        self.editable = editable
+        self.permit_editable_wheels = permit_editable_wheels
+        self.legacy_install_reason: Optional[int] = None
+
+        # source_dir is the local directory where the linked requirement is
+        # located, or unpacked. In case unpacking is needed, creating and
+        # populating source_dir is done by the RequirementPreparer. Note this
+        # is not necessarily the directory where pyproject.toml or setup.py is
+        # located - that one is obtained via unpacked_source_directory.
+        self.source_dir: Optional[str] = None
+        if self.editable:
+            assert link
+            if link.is_file:
+                self.source_dir = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(link.file_path))
+
+        if link is None and req and req.url:
+            # PEP 508 URL requirement
+            link = Link(req.url)
+        self.link = self.original_link = link
+        self.original_link_is_in_wheel_cache = False
+
+        # Path to any downloaded or already-existing package.
+        self.local_file_path: Optional[str] = None
+        if self.link and self.link.is_file:
+            self.local_file_path = self.link.file_path
+
+        if extras:
+            self.extras = extras
+        elif req:
+            self.extras = {safe_extra(extra) for extra in req.extras}
+        else:
+            self.extras = set()
+        if markers is None and req:
+            markers = req.marker
+        self.markers = markers
+
+        # This holds the Distribution object if this requirement is already installed.
+        self.satisfied_by: Optional[BaseDistribution] = None
+        # Whether the installation process should try to uninstall an existing
+        # distribution before installing this requirement.
+        self.should_reinstall = False
+        # Temporary build location
+        self._temp_build_dir: Optional[TempDirectory] = None
+        # Set to True after successful installation
+        self.install_succeeded: Optional[bool] = None
+        # Supplied options
+        self.install_options = install_options if install_options else []
+        self.global_options = global_options if global_options else []
+        self.hash_options = hash_options if hash_options else {}
+        # Set to True after successful preparation of this requirement
+        self.prepared = False
+        # User supplied requirement are explicitly requested for installation
+        # by the user via CLI arguments or requirements files, as opposed to,
+        # e.g. dependencies, extras or constraints.
+        self.user_supplied = user_supplied
+
+        self.isolated = isolated
+        self.build_env: BuildEnvironment = NoOpBuildEnvironment()
+
+        # For PEP 517, the directory where we request the project metadata
+        # gets stored. We need this to pass to build_wheel, so the backend
+        # can ensure that the wheel matches the metadata (see the PEP for
+        # details).
+        self.metadata_directory: Optional[str] = None
+
+        # The static build requirements (from pyproject.toml)
+        self.pyproject_requires: Optional[List[str]] = None
+
+        # Build requirements that we will check are available
+        self.requirements_to_check: List[str] = []
+
+        # The PEP 517 backend we should use to build the project
+        self.pep517_backend: Optional[Pep517HookCaller] = None
+
+        # Are we using PEP 517 for this requirement?
+        # After pyproject.toml has been loaded, the only valid values are True
+        # and False. Before loading, None is valid (meaning "use the default").
+        # Setting an explicit value before loading pyproject.toml is supported,
+        # but after loading this flag should be treated as read only.
+        self.use_pep517 = use_pep517
+
+        # This requirement needs more preparation before it can be built
+        self.needs_more_preparation = False
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self.req:
+            s = str(self.req)
+            if self.link:
+                s += " from {}".format(redact_auth_from_url(self.link.url))
+        elif self.link:
+            s = redact_auth_from_url(self.link.url)
+        else:
+            s = "<InstallRequirement>"
+        if self.satisfied_by is not None:
+            s += " in {}".format(display_path(self.satisfied_by.location))
+        if self.comes_from:
+            if isinstance(self.comes_from, str):
+                comes_from: Optional[str] = self.comes_from
+            else:
+                comes_from = self.comes_from.from_path()
+            if comes_from:
+                s += f" (from {comes_from})"
+        return s
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<{} object: {} editable={!r}>".format(
+            self.__class__.__name__, str(self), self.editable
+        )
+
+    def format_debug(self) -> str:
+        """An un-tested helper for getting state, for debugging."""
+        attributes = vars(self)
+        names = sorted(attributes)
+
+        state = ("{}={!r}".format(attr, attributes[attr]) for attr in sorted(names))
+        return "<{name} object: {{{state}}}>".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__,
+            state=", ".join(state),
+        )
+
+    # Things that are valid for all kinds of requirements?
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        if self.req is None:
+            return None
+        return self.req.name
+
+    @functools.lru_cache()  # use cached_property in python 3.8+
+    def supports_pyproject_editable(self) -> bool:
+        if not self.use_pep517:
+            return False
+        assert self.pep517_backend
+        with self.build_env:
+            runner = runner_with_spinner_message(
+                "Checking if build backend supports build_editable"
+            )
+            with self.pep517_backend.subprocess_runner(runner):
+                return "build_editable" in self.pep517_backend._supported_features()
+
+    @property
+    def specifier(self) -> SpecifierSet:
+        return self.req.specifier
+
+    @property
+    def is_pinned(self) -> bool:
+        """Return whether I am pinned to an exact version.
+
+        For example, some-package==1.2 is pinned; some-package>1.2 is not.
+        """
+        specifiers = self.specifier
+        return len(specifiers) == 1 and next(iter(specifiers)).operator in {"==", "==="}
+
+    def match_markers(self, extras_requested: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None) -> bool:
+        if not extras_requested:
+            # Provide an extra to safely evaluate the markers
+            # without matching any extra
+            extras_requested = ("",)
+        if self.markers is not None:
+            return any(
+                self.markers.evaluate({"extra": extra}) for extra in extras_requested
+            )
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    @property
+    def has_hash_options(self) -> bool:
+        """Return whether any known-good hashes are specified as options.
+
+        These activate --require-hashes mode; hashes specified as part of a
+        URL do not.
+
+        """
+        return bool(self.hash_options)
+
+    def hashes(self, trust_internet: bool = True) -> Hashes:
+        """Return a hash-comparer that considers my option- and URL-based
+        hashes to be known-good.
+
+        Hashes in URLs--ones embedded in the requirements file, not ones
+        downloaded from an index server--are almost peers with ones from
+        flags. They satisfy --require-hashes (whether it was implicitly or
+        explicitly activated) but do not activate it. md5 and sha224 are not
+        allowed in flags, which should nudge people toward good algos. We
+        always OR all hashes together, even ones from URLs.
+
+        :param trust_internet: Whether to trust URL-based (#md5=...) hashes
+            downloaded from the internet, as by populate_link()
+
+        """
+        good_hashes = self.hash_options.copy()
+        link = self.link if trust_internet else self.original_link
+        if link and link.hash:
+            good_hashes.setdefault(link.hash_name, []).append(link.hash)
+        return Hashes(good_hashes)
+
+    def from_path(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Format a nice indicator to show where this "comes from" """
+        if self.req is None:
+            return None
+        s = str(self.req)
+        if self.comes_from:
+            if isinstance(self.comes_from, str):
+                comes_from = self.comes_from
+            else:
+                comes_from = self.comes_from.from_path()
+            if comes_from:
+                s += "->" + comes_from
+        return s
+
+    def ensure_build_location(
+        self, build_dir: str, autodelete: bool, parallel_builds: bool
+    ) -> str:
+        assert build_dir is not None
+        if self._temp_build_dir is not None:
+            assert self._temp_build_dir.path
+            return self._temp_build_dir.path
+        if self.req is None:
+            # Some systems have /tmp as a symlink which confuses custom
+            # builds (such as numpy). Thus, we ensure that the real path
+            # is returned.
+            self._temp_build_dir = TempDirectory(
+                kind=tempdir_kinds.REQ_BUILD, globally_managed=True
+            )
+
+            return self._temp_build_dir.path
+
+        # This is the only remaining place where we manually determine the path
+        # for the temporary directory. It is only needed for editables where
+        # it is the value of the --src option.
+
+        # When parallel builds are enabled, add a UUID to the build directory
+        # name so multiple builds do not interfere with each other.
+        dir_name: str = canonicalize_name(self.name)
+        if parallel_builds:
+            dir_name = f"{dir_name}_{uuid.uuid4().hex}"
+
+        # FIXME: Is there a better place to create the build_dir? (hg and bzr
+        # need this)
+        if not os.path.exists(build_dir):
+            logger.debug("Creating directory %s", build_dir)
+            os.makedirs(build_dir)
+        actual_build_dir = os.path.join(build_dir, dir_name)
+        # `None` indicates that we respect the globally-configured deletion
+        # settings, which is what we actually want when auto-deleting.
+        delete_arg = None if autodelete else False
+        return TempDirectory(
+            path=actual_build_dir,
+            delete=delete_arg,
+            kind=tempdir_kinds.REQ_BUILD,
+            globally_managed=True,
+        ).path
+
+    def _set_requirement(self) -> None:
+        """Set requirement after generating metadata."""
+        assert self.req is None
+        assert self.metadata is not None
+        assert self.source_dir is not None
+
+        # Construct a Requirement object from the generated metadata
+        if isinstance(parse_version(self.metadata["Version"]), Version):
+            op = "=="
+        else:
+            op = "==="
+
+        self.req = Requirement(
+            "".join(
+                [
+                    self.metadata["Name"],
+                    op,
+                    self.metadata["Version"],
+                ]
+            )
+        )
+
+    def warn_on_mismatching_name(self) -> None:
+        metadata_name = canonicalize_name(self.metadata["Name"])
+        if canonicalize_name(self.req.name) == metadata_name:
+            # Everything is fine.
+            return
+
+        # If we're here, there's a mismatch. Log a warning about it.
+        logger.warning(
+            "Generating metadata for package %s "
+            "produced metadata for project name %s. Fix your "
+            "#egg=%s fragments.",
+            self.name,
+            metadata_name,
+            self.name,
+        )
+        self.req = Requirement(metadata_name)
+
+    def check_if_exists(self, use_user_site: bool) -> None:
+        """Find an installed distribution that satisfies or conflicts
+        with this requirement, and set self.satisfied_by or
+        self.should_reinstall appropriately.
+        """
+        if self.req is None:
+            return
+        existing_dist = get_default_environment().get_distribution(self.req.name)
+        if not existing_dist:
+            return
+
+        version_compatible = self.req.specifier.contains(
+            existing_dist.version,
+            prereleases=True,
+        )
+        if not version_compatible:
+            self.satisfied_by = None
+            if use_user_site:
+                if existing_dist.in_usersite:
+                    self.should_reinstall = True
+                elif running_under_virtualenv() and existing_dist.in_site_packages:
+                    raise InstallationError(
+                        f"Will not install to the user site because it will "
+                        f"lack sys.path precedence to {existing_dist.raw_name} "
+                        f"in {existing_dist.location}"
+                    )
+            else:
+                self.should_reinstall = True
+        else:
+            if self.editable:
+                self.should_reinstall = True
+                # when installing editables, nothing pre-existing should ever
+                # satisfy
+                self.satisfied_by = None
+            else:
+                self.satisfied_by = existing_dist
+
+    # Things valid for wheels
+    @property
+    def is_wheel(self) -> bool:
+        if not self.link:
+            return False
+        return self.link.is_wheel
+
+    # Things valid for sdists
+    @property
+    def unpacked_source_directory(self) -> str:
+        return os.path.join(
+            self.source_dir, self.link and self.link.subdirectory_fragment or ""
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def setup_py_path(self) -> str:
+        assert self.source_dir, f"No source dir for {self}"
+        setup_py = os.path.join(self.unpacked_source_directory, "setup.py")
+
+        return setup_py
+
+    @property
+    def setup_cfg_path(self) -> str:
+        assert self.source_dir, f"No source dir for {self}"
+        setup_cfg = os.path.join(self.unpacked_source_directory, "setup.cfg")
+
+        return setup_cfg
+
+    @property
+    def pyproject_toml_path(self) -> str:
+        assert self.source_dir, f"No source dir for {self}"
+        return make_pyproject_path(self.unpacked_source_directory)
+
+    def load_pyproject_toml(self) -> None:
+        """Load the pyproject.toml file.
+
+        After calling this routine, all of the attributes related to PEP 517
+        processing for this requirement have been set. In particular, the
+        use_pep517 attribute can be used to determine whether we should
+        follow the PEP 517 or legacy (setup.py) code path.
+        """
+        pyproject_toml_data = load_pyproject_toml(
+            self.use_pep517, self.pyproject_toml_path, self.setup_py_path, str(self)
+        )
+
+        if pyproject_toml_data is None:
+            self.use_pep517 = False
+            return
+
+        self.use_pep517 = True
+        requires, backend, check, backend_path = pyproject_toml_data
+        self.requirements_to_check = check
+        self.pyproject_requires = requires
+        self.pep517_backend = Pep517HookCaller(
+            self.unpacked_source_directory,
+            backend,
+            backend_path=backend_path,
+        )
+
+    def isolated_editable_sanity_check(self) -> None:
+        """Check that an editable requirement if valid for use with PEP 517/518.
+
+        This verifies that an editable that has a pyproject.toml either supports PEP 660
+        or as a setup.py or a setup.cfg
+        """
+        if (
+            self.editable
+            and self.use_pep517
+            and not self.supports_pyproject_editable()
+            and not os.path.isfile(self.setup_py_path)
+            and not os.path.isfile(self.setup_cfg_path)
+        ):
+            raise InstallationError(
+                f"Project {self} has a 'pyproject.toml' and its build "
+                f"backend is missing the 'build_editable' hook. Since it does not "
+                f"have a 'setup.py' nor a 'setup.cfg', "
+                f"it cannot be installed in editable mode. "
+                f"Consider using a build backend that supports PEP 660."
+            )
+
+    def prepare_metadata(self) -> None:
+        """Ensure that project metadata is available.
+
+        Under PEP 517 and PEP 660, call the backend hook to prepare the metadata.
+        Under legacy processing, call setup.py egg-info.
+        """
+        assert self.source_dir
+        details = self.name or f"from {self.link}"
+
+        if self.use_pep517:
+            assert self.pep517_backend is not None
+            if (
+                self.editable
+                and self.permit_editable_wheels
+                and self.supports_pyproject_editable()
+            ):
+                self.metadata_directory = generate_editable_metadata(
+                    build_env=self.build_env,
+                    backend=self.pep517_backend,
+                    details=details,
+                )
+            else:
+                self.metadata_directory = generate_metadata(
+                    build_env=self.build_env,
+                    backend=self.pep517_backend,
+                    details=details,
+                )
+        else:
+            self.metadata_directory = generate_metadata_legacy(
+                build_env=self.build_env,
+                setup_py_path=self.setup_py_path,
+                source_dir=self.unpacked_source_directory,
+                isolated=self.isolated,
+                details=details,
+            )
+
+        # Act on the newly generated metadata, based on the name and version.
+        if not self.name:
+            self._set_requirement()
+        else:
+            self.warn_on_mismatching_name()
+
+        self.assert_source_matches_version()
+
+    @property
+    def metadata(self) -> Any:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_metadata"):
+            self._metadata = self.get_dist().metadata
+
+        return self._metadata
+
+    def get_dist(self) -> BaseDistribution:
+        return get_directory_distribution(self.metadata_directory)
+
+    def assert_source_matches_version(self) -> None:
+        assert self.source_dir
+        version = self.metadata["version"]
+        if self.req.specifier and version not in self.req.specifier:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Requested %s, but installing version %s",
+                self,
+                version,
+            )
+        else:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Source in %s has version %s, which satisfies requirement %s",
+                display_path(self.source_dir),
+                version,
+                self,
+            )
+
+    # For both source distributions and editables
+    def ensure_has_source_dir(
+        self,
+        parent_dir: str,
+        autodelete: bool = False,
+        parallel_builds: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Ensure that a source_dir is set.
+
+        This will create a temporary build dir if the name of the requirement
+        isn't known yet.
+
+        :param parent_dir: The ideal pip parent_dir for the source_dir.
+            Generally src_dir for editables and build_dir for sdists.
+        :return: self.source_dir
+        """
+        if self.source_dir is None:
+            self.source_dir = self.ensure_build_location(
+                parent_dir,
+                autodelete=autodelete,
+                parallel_builds=parallel_builds,
+            )
+
+    # For editable installations
+    def update_editable(self) -> None:
+        if not self.link:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Cannot update repository at %s; repository location is unknown",
+                self.source_dir,
+            )
+            return
+        assert self.editable
+        assert self.source_dir
+        if self.link.scheme == "file":
+            # Static paths don't get updated
+            return
+        vcs_backend = vcs.get_backend_for_scheme(self.link.scheme)
+        # Editable requirements are validated in Requirement constructors.
+        # So here, if it's neither a path nor a valid VCS URL, it's a bug.
+        assert vcs_backend, f"Unsupported VCS URL {self.link.url}"
+        hidden_url = hide_url(self.link.url)
+        vcs_backend.obtain(self.source_dir, url=hidden_url, verbosity=0)
+
+    # Top-level Actions
+    def uninstall(
+        self, auto_confirm: bool = False, verbose: bool = False
+    ) -> Optional[UninstallPathSet]:
+        """
+        Uninstall the distribution currently satisfying this requirement.
+
+        Prompts before removing or modifying files unless
+        ``auto_confirm`` is True.
+
+        Refuses to delete or modify files outside of ``sys.prefix`` -
+        thus uninstallation within a virtual environment can only
+        modify that virtual environment, even if the virtualenv is
+        linked to global site-packages.
+
+        """
+        assert self.req
+        dist = get_default_environment().get_distribution(self.req.name)
+        if not dist:
+            logger.warning("Skipping %s as it is not installed.", self.name)
+            return None
+        logger.info("Found existing installation: %s", dist)
+
+        uninstalled_pathset = UninstallPathSet.from_dist(dist)
+        uninstalled_pathset.remove(auto_confirm, verbose)
+        return uninstalled_pathset
+
+    def _get_archive_name(self, path: str, parentdir: str, rootdir: str) -> str:
+        def _clean_zip_name(name: str, prefix: str) -> str:
+            assert name.startswith(
+                prefix + os.path.sep
+            ), f"name {name!r} doesn't start with prefix {prefix!r}"
+            name = name[len(prefix) + 1 :]
+            name = name.replace(os.path.sep, "/")
+            return name
+
+        path = os.path.join(parentdir, path)
+        name = _clean_zip_name(path, rootdir)
+        return self.name + "/" + name
+
+    def archive(self, build_dir: Optional[str]) -> None:
+        """Saves archive to provided build_dir.
+
+        Used for saving downloaded VCS requirements as part of `pip download`.
+        """
+        assert self.source_dir
+        if build_dir is None:
+            return
+
+        create_archive = True
+        archive_name = "{}-{}.zip".format(self.name, self.metadata["version"])
+        archive_path = os.path.join(build_dir, archive_name)
+
+        if os.path.exists(archive_path):
+            response = ask_path_exists(
+                "The file {} exists. (i)gnore, (w)ipe, "
+                "(b)ackup, (a)bort ".format(display_path(archive_path)),
+                ("i", "w", "b", "a"),
+            )
+            if response == "i":
+                create_archive = False
+            elif response == "w":
+                logger.warning("Deleting %s", display_path(archive_path))
+                os.remove(archive_path)
+            elif response == "b":
+                dest_file = backup_dir(archive_path)
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Backing up %s to %s",
+                    display_path(archive_path),
+                    display_path(dest_file),
+                )
+                shutil.move(archive_path, dest_file)
+            elif response == "a":
+                sys.exit(-1)
+
+        if not create_archive:
+            return
+
+        zip_output = zipfile.ZipFile(
+            archive_path,
+            "w",
+            zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED,
+            allowZip64=True,
+        )
+        with zip_output:
+            dir = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(self.unpacked_source_directory))
+            for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(dir):
+                for dirname in dirnames:
+                    dir_arcname = self._get_archive_name(
+                        dirname,
+                        parentdir=dirpath,
+                        rootdir=dir,
+                    )
+                    zipdir = zipfile.ZipInfo(dir_arcname + "/")
+                    zipdir.external_attr = 0x1ED << 16  # 0o755
+                    zip_output.writestr(zipdir, "")
+                for filename in filenames:
+                    file_arcname = self._get_archive_name(
+                        filename,
+                        parentdir=dirpath,
+                        rootdir=dir,
+                    )
+                    filename = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
+                    zip_output.write(filename, file_arcname)
+
+        logger.info("Saved %s", display_path(archive_path))
+
+    def install(
+        self,
+        install_options: List[str],
+        global_options: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
+        root: Optional[str] = None,
+        home: Optional[str] = None,
+        prefix: Optional[str] = None,
+        warn_script_location: bool = True,
+        use_user_site: bool = False,
+        pycompile: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        scheme = get_scheme(
+            self.name,
+            user=use_user_site,
+            home=home,
+            root=root,
+            isolated=self.isolated,
+            prefix=prefix,
+        )
+
+        global_options = global_options if global_options is not None else []
+        if self.editable and not self.is_wheel:
+            install_editable_legacy(
+                install_options,
+                global_options,
+                prefix=prefix,
+                home=home,
+                use_user_site=use_user_site,
+                name=self.name,
+                setup_py_path=self.setup_py_path,
+                isolated=self.isolated,
+                build_env=self.build_env,
+                unpacked_source_directory=self.unpacked_source_directory,
+            )
+            self.install_succeeded = True
+            return
+
+        if self.is_wheel:
+            assert self.local_file_path
+            direct_url = None
+            if self.editable:
+                direct_url = direct_url_for_editable(self.unpacked_source_directory)
+            elif self.original_link:
+                direct_url = direct_url_from_link(
+                    self.original_link,
+                    self.source_dir,
+                    self.original_link_is_in_wheel_cache,
+                )
+            install_wheel(
+                self.name,
+                self.local_file_path,
+                scheme=scheme,
+                req_description=str(self.req),
+                pycompile=pycompile,
+                warn_script_location=warn_script_location,
+                direct_url=direct_url,
+                requested=self.user_supplied,
+            )
+            self.install_succeeded = True
+            return
+
+        # TODO: Why don't we do this for editable installs?
+
+        # Extend the list of global and install options passed on to
+        # the setup.py call with the ones from the requirements file.
+        # Options specified in requirements file override those
+        # specified on the command line, since the last option given
+        # to setup.py is the one that is used.
+        global_options = list(global_options) + self.global_options
+        install_options = list(install_options) + self.install_options
+
+        try:
+            success = install_legacy(
+                install_options=install_options,
+                global_options=global_options,
+                root=root,
+                home=home,
+                prefix=prefix,
+                use_user_site=use_user_site,
+                pycompile=pycompile,
+                scheme=scheme,
+                setup_py_path=self.setup_py_path,
+                isolated=self.isolated,
+                req_name=self.name,
+                build_env=self.build_env,
+                unpacked_source_directory=self.unpacked_source_directory,
+                req_description=str(self.req),
+            )
+        except LegacyInstallFailure as exc:
+            self.install_succeeded = False
+            raise exc
+        except Exception:
+            self.install_succeeded = True
+            raise
+
+        self.install_succeeded = success
+
+        if success and self.legacy_install_reason == 8368:
+            deprecated(
+                reason=(
+                    "{} was installed using the legacy 'setup.py install' "
+                    "method, because a wheel could not be built for it.".format(
+                        self.name
+                    )
+                ),
+                replacement="to fix the wheel build issue reported above",
+                gone_in=None,
+                issue=8368,
+            )
+
+
+def check_invalid_constraint_type(req: InstallRequirement) -> str:
+
+    # Check for unsupported forms
+    problem = ""
+    if not req.name:
+        problem = "Unnamed requirements are not allowed as constraints"
+    elif req.editable:
+        problem = "Editable requirements are not allowed as constraints"
+    elif req.extras:
+        problem = "Constraints cannot have extras"
+
+    if problem:
+        deprecated(
+            reason=(
+                "Constraints are only allowed to take the form of a package "
+                "name and a version specifier. Other forms were originally "
+                "permitted as an accident of the implementation, but were "
+                "undocumented. The new implementation of the resolver no "
+                "longer supports these forms."
+            ),
+            replacement="replacing the constraint with a requirement",
+            # No plan yet for when the new resolver becomes default
+            gone_in=None,
+            issue=8210,
+        )
+
+    return problem
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_set.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_set.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6626c37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_set.py
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+import logging
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.models.wheel import Wheel
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.utils import compatibility_tags
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class RequirementSet:
+    def __init__(self, check_supported_wheels: bool = True) -> None:
+        """Create a RequirementSet."""
+
+        self.requirements: Dict[str, InstallRequirement] = OrderedDict()
+        self.check_supported_wheels = check_supported_wheels
+
+        self.unnamed_requirements: List[InstallRequirement] = []
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        requirements = sorted(
+            (req for req in self.requirements.values() if not req.comes_from),
+            key=lambda req: canonicalize_name(req.name or ""),
+        )
+        return " ".join(str(req.req) for req in requirements)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        requirements = sorted(
+            self.requirements.values(),
+            key=lambda req: canonicalize_name(req.name or ""),
+        )
+
+        format_string = "<{classname} object; {count} requirement(s): {reqs}>"
+        return format_string.format(
+            classname=self.__class__.__name__,
+            count=len(requirements),
+            reqs=", ".join(str(req.req) for req in requirements),
+        )
+
+    def add_unnamed_requirement(self, install_req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        assert not install_req.name
+        self.unnamed_requirements.append(install_req)
+
+    def add_named_requirement(self, install_req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        assert install_req.name
+
+        project_name = canonicalize_name(install_req.name)
+        self.requirements[project_name] = install_req
+
+    def add_requirement(
+        self,
+        install_req: InstallRequirement,
+        parent_req_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        extras_requested: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    ) -> Tuple[List[InstallRequirement], Optional[InstallRequirement]]:
+        """Add install_req as a requirement to install.
+
+        :param parent_req_name: The name of the requirement that needed this
+            added. The name is used because when multiple unnamed requirements
+            resolve to the same name, we could otherwise end up with dependency
+            links that point outside the Requirements set. parent_req must
+            already be added. Note that None implies that this is a user
+            supplied requirement, vs an inferred one.
+        :param extras_requested: an iterable of extras used to evaluate the
+            environment markers.
+        :return: Additional requirements to scan. That is either [] if
+            the requirement is not applicable, or [install_req] if the
+            requirement is applicable and has just been added.
+        """
+        # If the markers do not match, ignore this requirement.
+        if not install_req.match_markers(extras_requested):
+            logger.info(
+                "Ignoring %s: markers '%s' don't match your environment",
+                install_req.name,
+                install_req.markers,
+            )
+            return [], None
+
+        # If the wheel is not supported, raise an error.
+        # Should check this after filtering out based on environment markers to
+        # allow specifying different wheels based on the environment/OS, in a
+        # single requirements file.
+        if install_req.link and install_req.link.is_wheel:
+            wheel = Wheel(install_req.link.filename)
+            tags = compatibility_tags.get_supported()
+            if self.check_supported_wheels and not wheel.supported(tags):
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "{} is not a supported wheel on this platform.".format(
+                        wheel.filename
+                    )
+                )
+
+        # This next bit is really a sanity check.
+        assert (
+            not install_req.user_supplied or parent_req_name is None
+        ), "a user supplied req shouldn't have a parent"
+
+        # Unnamed requirements are scanned again and the requirement won't be
+        # added as a dependency until after scanning.
+        if not install_req.name:
+            self.add_unnamed_requirement(install_req)
+            return [install_req], None
+
+        try:
+            existing_req: Optional[InstallRequirement] = self.get_requirement(
+                install_req.name
+            )
+        except KeyError:
+            existing_req = None
+
+        has_conflicting_requirement = (
+            parent_req_name is None
+            and existing_req
+            and not existing_req.constraint
+            and existing_req.extras == install_req.extras
+            and existing_req.req
+            and install_req.req
+            and existing_req.req.specifier != install_req.req.specifier
+        )
+        if has_conflicting_requirement:
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Double requirement given: {} (already in {}, name={!r})".format(
+                    install_req, existing_req, install_req.name
+                )
+            )
+
+        # When no existing requirement exists, add the requirement as a
+        # dependency and it will be scanned again after.
+        if not existing_req:
+            self.add_named_requirement(install_req)
+            # We'd want to rescan this requirement later
+            return [install_req], install_req
+
+        # Assume there's no need to scan, and that we've already
+        # encountered this for scanning.
+        if install_req.constraint or not existing_req.constraint:
+            return [], existing_req
+
+        does_not_satisfy_constraint = install_req.link and not (
+            existing_req.link and install_req.link.path == existing_req.link.path
+        )
+        if does_not_satisfy_constraint:
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Could not satisfy constraints for '{}': "
+                "installation from path or url cannot be "
+                "constrained to a version".format(install_req.name)
+            )
+        # If we're now installing a constraint, mark the existing
+        # object for real installation.
+        existing_req.constraint = False
+        # If we're now installing a user supplied requirement,
+        # mark the existing object as such.
+        if install_req.user_supplied:
+            existing_req.user_supplied = True
+        existing_req.extras = tuple(
+            sorted(set(existing_req.extras) | set(install_req.extras))
+        )
+        logger.debug(
+            "Setting %s extras to: %s",
+            existing_req,
+            existing_req.extras,
+        )
+        # Return the existing requirement for addition to the parent and
+        # scanning again.
+        return [existing_req], existing_req
+
+    def has_requirement(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        project_name = canonicalize_name(name)
+
+        return (
+            project_name in self.requirements
+            and not self.requirements[project_name].constraint
+        )
+
+    def get_requirement(self, name: str) -> InstallRequirement:
+        project_name = canonicalize_name(name)
+
+        if project_name in self.requirements:
+            return self.requirements[project_name]
+
+        raise KeyError(f"No project with the name {name!r}")
+
+    @property
+    def all_requirements(self) -> List[InstallRequirement]:
+        return self.unnamed_requirements + list(self.requirements.values())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_tracker.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_tracker.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24d3c53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_tracker.py
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+import contextlib
+import hashlib
+import logging
+import os
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Dict, Iterator, Optional, Set, Type, Union
+
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def update_env_context_manager(**changes: str) -> Iterator[None]:
+    target = os.environ
+
+    # Save values from the target and change them.
+    non_existent_marker = object()
+    saved_values: Dict[str, Union[object, str]] = {}
+    for name, new_value in changes.items():
+        try:
+            saved_values[name] = target[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            saved_values[name] = non_existent_marker
+        target[name] = new_value
+
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        # Restore original values in the target.
+        for name, original_value in saved_values.items():
+            if original_value is non_existent_marker:
+                del target[name]
+            else:
+                assert isinstance(original_value, str)  # for mypy
+                target[name] = original_value
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def get_requirement_tracker() -> Iterator["RequirementTracker"]:
+    root = os.environ.get("PIP_REQ_TRACKER")
+    with contextlib.ExitStack() as ctx:
+        if root is None:
+            root = ctx.enter_context(TempDirectory(kind="req-tracker")).path
+            ctx.enter_context(update_env_context_manager(PIP_REQ_TRACKER=root))
+            logger.debug("Initialized build tracking at %s", root)
+
+        with RequirementTracker(root) as tracker:
+            yield tracker
+
+
+class RequirementTracker:
+    def __init__(self, root: str) -> None:
+        self._root = root
+        self._entries: Set[InstallRequirement] = set()
+        logger.debug("Created build tracker: %s", self._root)
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "RequirementTracker":
+        logger.debug("Entered build tracker: %s", self._root)
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.cleanup()
+
+    def _entry_path(self, link: Link) -> str:
+        hashed = hashlib.sha224(link.url_without_fragment.encode()).hexdigest()
+        return os.path.join(self._root, hashed)
+
+    def add(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        """Add an InstallRequirement to build tracking."""
+
+        assert req.link
+        # Get the file to write information about this requirement.
+        entry_path = self._entry_path(req.link)
+
+        # Try reading from the file. If it exists and can be read from, a build
+        # is already in progress, so a LookupError is raised.
+        try:
+            with open(entry_path) as fp:
+                contents = fp.read()
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            message = "{} is already being built: {}".format(req.link, contents)
+            raise LookupError(message)
+
+        # If we're here, req should really not be building already.
+        assert req not in self._entries
+
+        # Start tracking this requirement.
+        with open(entry_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
+            fp.write(str(req))
+        self._entries.add(req)
+
+        logger.debug("Added %s to build tracker %r", req, self._root)
+
+    def remove(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        """Remove an InstallRequirement from build tracking."""
+
+        assert req.link
+        # Delete the created file and the corresponding entries.
+        os.unlink(self._entry_path(req.link))
+        self._entries.remove(req)
+
+        logger.debug("Removed %s from build tracker %r", req, self._root)
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        for req in set(self._entries):
+            self.remove(req)
+
+        logger.debug("Removed build tracker: %r", self._root)
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def track(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> Iterator[None]:
+        self.add(req)
+        yield
+        self.remove(req)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_uninstall.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_uninstall.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..472090a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_uninstall.py
@@ -0,0 +1,633 @@
+import functools
+import os
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+from importlib.util import cache_from_source
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, Iterator, List, Optional, Set, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import UninstallationError
+from pip._internal.locations import get_bin_prefix, get_bin_user
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.egg_link import egg_link_path_from_location
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger, indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ask, is_local, normalize_path, renames, rmtree
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import AdjacentTempDirectory, TempDirectory
+
+logger = getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _script_names(bin_dir: str, script_name: str, is_gui: bool) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Create the fully qualified name of the files created by
+    {console,gui}_scripts for the given ``dist``.
+    Returns the list of file names
+    """
+    exe_name = os.path.join(bin_dir, script_name)
+    yield exe_name
+    if not WINDOWS:
+        return
+    yield f"{exe_name}.exe"
+    yield f"{exe_name}.exe.manifest"
+    if is_gui:
+        yield f"{exe_name}-script.pyw"
+    else:
+        yield f"{exe_name}-script.py"
+
+
+def _unique(fn: Callable[..., Iterator[Any]]) -> Callable[..., Iterator[Any]]:
+    @functools.wraps(fn)
+    def unique(*args: Any, **kw: Any) -> Iterator[Any]:
+        seen: Set[Any] = set()
+        for item in fn(*args, **kw):
+            if item not in seen:
+                seen.add(item)
+                yield item
+
+    return unique
+
+
+@_unique
+def uninstallation_paths(dist: BaseDistribution) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Yield all the uninstallation paths for dist based on RECORD-without-.py[co]
+
+    Yield paths to all the files in RECORD. For each .py file in RECORD, add
+    the .pyc and .pyo in the same directory.
+
+    UninstallPathSet.add() takes care of the __pycache__ .py[co].
+
+    If RECORD is not found, raises UninstallationError,
+    with possible information from the INSTALLER file.
+
+    https://packaging.python.org/specifications/recording-installed-packages/
+    """
+    location = dist.location
+    assert location is not None, "not installed"
+
+    entries = dist.iter_declared_entries()
+    if entries is None:
+        msg = "Cannot uninstall {dist}, RECORD file not found.".format(dist=dist)
+        installer = dist.installer
+        if not installer or installer == "pip":
+            dep = "{}=={}".format(dist.raw_name, dist.version)
+            msg += (
+                " You might be able to recover from this via: "
+                "'pip install --force-reinstall --no-deps {}'.".format(dep)
+            )
+        else:
+            msg += " Hint: The package was installed by {}.".format(installer)
+        raise UninstallationError(msg)
+
+    for entry in entries:
+        path = os.path.join(location, entry)
+        yield path
+        if path.endswith(".py"):
+            dn, fn = os.path.split(path)
+            base = fn[:-3]
+            path = os.path.join(dn, base + ".pyc")
+            yield path
+            path = os.path.join(dn, base + ".pyo")
+            yield path
+
+
+def compact(paths: Iterable[str]) -> Set[str]:
+    """Compact a path set to contain the minimal number of paths
+    necessary to contain all paths in the set. If /a/path/ and
+    /a/path/to/a/file.txt are both in the set, leave only the
+    shorter path."""
+
+    sep = os.path.sep
+    short_paths: Set[str] = set()
+    for path in sorted(paths, key=len):
+        should_skip = any(
+            path.startswith(shortpath.rstrip("*"))
+            and path[len(shortpath.rstrip("*").rstrip(sep))] == sep
+            for shortpath in short_paths
+        )
+        if not should_skip:
+            short_paths.add(path)
+    return short_paths
+
+
+def compress_for_rename(paths: Iterable[str]) -> Set[str]:
+    """Returns a set containing the paths that need to be renamed.
+
+    This set may include directories when the original sequence of paths
+    included every file on disk.
+    """
+    case_map = {os.path.normcase(p): p for p in paths}
+    remaining = set(case_map)
+    unchecked = sorted({os.path.split(p)[0] for p in case_map.values()}, key=len)
+    wildcards: Set[str] = set()
+
+    def norm_join(*a: str) -> str:
+        return os.path.normcase(os.path.join(*a))
+
+    for root in unchecked:
+        if any(os.path.normcase(root).startswith(w) for w in wildcards):
+            # This directory has already been handled.
+            continue
+
+        all_files: Set[str] = set()
+        all_subdirs: Set[str] = set()
+        for dirname, subdirs, files in os.walk(root):
+            all_subdirs.update(norm_join(root, dirname, d) for d in subdirs)
+            all_files.update(norm_join(root, dirname, f) for f in files)
+        # If all the files we found are in our remaining set of files to
+        # remove, then remove them from the latter set and add a wildcard
+        # for the directory.
+        if not (all_files - remaining):
+            remaining.difference_update(all_files)
+            wildcards.add(root + os.sep)
+
+    return set(map(case_map.__getitem__, remaining)) | wildcards
+
+
+def compress_for_output_listing(paths: Iterable[str]) -> Tuple[Set[str], Set[str]]:
+    """Returns a tuple of 2 sets of which paths to display to user
+
+    The first set contains paths that would be deleted. Files of a package
+    are not added and the top-level directory of the package has a '*' added
+    at the end - to signify that all it's contents are removed.
+
+    The second set contains files that would have been skipped in the above
+    folders.
+    """
+
+    will_remove = set(paths)
+    will_skip = set()
+
+    # Determine folders and files
+    folders = set()
+    files = set()
+    for path in will_remove:
+        if path.endswith(".pyc"):
+            continue
+        if path.endswith("__init__.py") or ".dist-info" in path:
+            folders.add(os.path.dirname(path))
+        files.add(path)
+
+    # probably this one https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/390
+    _normcased_files = set(map(os.path.normcase, files))  # type: ignore
+
+    folders = compact(folders)
+
+    # This walks the tree using os.walk to not miss extra folders
+    # that might get added.
+    for folder in folders:
+        for dirpath, _, dirfiles in os.walk(folder):
+            for fname in dirfiles:
+                if fname.endswith(".pyc"):
+                    continue
+
+                file_ = os.path.join(dirpath, fname)
+                if (
+                    os.path.isfile(file_)
+                    and os.path.normcase(file_) not in _normcased_files
+                ):
+                    # We are skipping this file. Add it to the set.
+                    will_skip.add(file_)
+
+    will_remove = files | {os.path.join(folder, "*") for folder in folders}
+
+    return will_remove, will_skip
+
+
+class StashedUninstallPathSet:
+    """A set of file rename operations to stash files while
+    tentatively uninstalling them."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        # Mapping from source file root to [Adjacent]TempDirectory
+        # for files under that directory.
+        self._save_dirs: Dict[str, TempDirectory] = {}
+        # (old path, new path) tuples for each move that may need
+        # to be undone.
+        self._moves: List[Tuple[str, str]] = []
+
+    def _get_directory_stash(self, path: str) -> str:
+        """Stashes a directory.
+
+        Directories are stashed adjacent to their original location if
+        possible, or else moved/copied into the user's temp dir."""
+
+        try:
+            save_dir: TempDirectory = AdjacentTempDirectory(path)
+        except OSError:
+            save_dir = TempDirectory(kind="uninstall")
+        self._save_dirs[os.path.normcase(path)] = save_dir
+
+        return save_dir.path
+
+    def _get_file_stash(self, path: str) -> str:
+        """Stashes a file.
+
+        If no root has been provided, one will be created for the directory
+        in the user's temp directory."""
+        path = os.path.normcase(path)
+        head, old_head = os.path.dirname(path), None
+        save_dir = None
+
+        while head != old_head:
+            try:
+                save_dir = self._save_dirs[head]
+                break
+            except KeyError:
+                pass
+            head, old_head = os.path.dirname(head), head
+        else:
+            # Did not find any suitable root
+            head = os.path.dirname(path)
+            save_dir = TempDirectory(kind="uninstall")
+            self._save_dirs[head] = save_dir
+
+        relpath = os.path.relpath(path, head)
+        if relpath and relpath != os.path.curdir:
+            return os.path.join(save_dir.path, relpath)
+        return save_dir.path
+
+    def stash(self, path: str) -> str:
+        """Stashes the directory or file and returns its new location.
+        Handle symlinks as files to avoid modifying the symlink targets.
+        """
+        path_is_dir = os.path.isdir(path) and not os.path.islink(path)
+        if path_is_dir:
+            new_path = self._get_directory_stash(path)
+        else:
+            new_path = self._get_file_stash(path)
+
+        self._moves.append((path, new_path))
+        if path_is_dir and os.path.isdir(new_path):
+            # If we're moving a directory, we need to
+            # remove the destination first or else it will be
+            # moved to inside the existing directory.
+            # We just created new_path ourselves, so it will
+            # be removable.
+            os.rmdir(new_path)
+        renames(path, new_path)
+        return new_path
+
+    def commit(self) -> None:
+        """Commits the uninstall by removing stashed files."""
+        for _, save_dir in self._save_dirs.items():
+            save_dir.cleanup()
+        self._moves = []
+        self._save_dirs = {}
+
+    def rollback(self) -> None:
+        """Undoes the uninstall by moving stashed files back."""
+        for p in self._moves:
+            logger.info("Moving to %s\n from %s", *p)
+
+        for new_path, path in self._moves:
+            try:
+                logger.debug("Replacing %s from %s", new_path, path)
+                if os.path.isfile(new_path) or os.path.islink(new_path):
+                    os.unlink(new_path)
+                elif os.path.isdir(new_path):
+                    rmtree(new_path)
+                renames(path, new_path)
+            except OSError as ex:
+                logger.error("Failed to restore %s", new_path)
+                logger.debug("Exception: %s", ex)
+
+        self.commit()
+
+    @property
+    def can_rollback(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self._moves)
+
+
+class UninstallPathSet:
+    """A set of file paths to be removed in the uninstallation of a
+    requirement."""
+
+    def __init__(self, dist: BaseDistribution) -> None:
+        self._paths: Set[str] = set()
+        self._refuse: Set[str] = set()
+        self._pth: Dict[str, UninstallPthEntries] = {}
+        self._dist = dist
+        self._moved_paths = StashedUninstallPathSet()
+
+    def _permitted(self, path: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return True if the given path is one we are permitted to
+        remove/modify, False otherwise.
+
+        """
+        return is_local(path)
+
+    def add(self, path: str) -> None:
+        head, tail = os.path.split(path)
+
+        # we normalize the head to resolve parent directory symlinks, but not
+        # the tail, since we only want to uninstall symlinks, not their targets
+        path = os.path.join(normalize_path(head), os.path.normcase(tail))
+
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            return
+        if self._permitted(path):
+            self._paths.add(path)
+        else:
+            self._refuse.add(path)
+
+        # __pycache__ files can show up after 'installed-files.txt' is created,
+        # due to imports
+        if os.path.splitext(path)[1] == ".py":
+            self.add(cache_from_source(path))
+
+    def add_pth(self, pth_file: str, entry: str) -> None:
+        pth_file = normalize_path(pth_file)
+        if self._permitted(pth_file):
+            if pth_file not in self._pth:
+                self._pth[pth_file] = UninstallPthEntries(pth_file)
+            self._pth[pth_file].add(entry)
+        else:
+            self._refuse.add(pth_file)
+
+    def remove(self, auto_confirm: bool = False, verbose: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Remove paths in ``self._paths`` with confirmation (unless
+        ``auto_confirm`` is True)."""
+
+        if not self._paths:
+            logger.info(
+                "Can't uninstall '%s'. No files were found to uninstall.",
+                self._dist.raw_name,
+            )
+            return
+
+        dist_name_version = f"{self._dist.raw_name}-{self._dist.version}"
+        logger.info("Uninstalling %s:", dist_name_version)
+
+        with indent_log():
+            if auto_confirm or self._allowed_to_proceed(verbose):
+                moved = self._moved_paths
+
+                for_rename = compress_for_rename(self._paths)
+
+                for path in sorted(compact(for_rename)):
+                    moved.stash(path)
+                    logger.verbose("Removing file or directory %s", path)
+
+                for pth in self._pth.values():
+                    pth.remove()
+
+                logger.info("Successfully uninstalled %s", dist_name_version)
+
+    def _allowed_to_proceed(self, verbose: bool) -> bool:
+        """Display which files would be deleted and prompt for confirmation"""
+
+        def _display(msg: str, paths: Iterable[str]) -> None:
+            if not paths:
+                return
+
+            logger.info(msg)
+            with indent_log():
+                for path in sorted(compact(paths)):
+                    logger.info(path)
+
+        if not verbose:
+            will_remove, will_skip = compress_for_output_listing(self._paths)
+        else:
+            # In verbose mode, display all the files that are going to be
+            # deleted.
+            will_remove = set(self._paths)
+            will_skip = set()
+
+        _display("Would remove:", will_remove)
+        _display("Would not remove (might be manually added):", will_skip)
+        _display("Would not remove (outside of prefix):", self._refuse)
+        if verbose:
+            _display("Will actually move:", compress_for_rename(self._paths))
+
+        return ask("Proceed (Y/n)? ", ("y", "n", "")) != "n"
+
+    def rollback(self) -> None:
+        """Rollback the changes previously made by remove()."""
+        if not self._moved_paths.can_rollback:
+            logger.error(
+                "Can't roll back %s; was not uninstalled",
+                self._dist.raw_name,
+            )
+            return
+        logger.info("Rolling back uninstall of %s", self._dist.raw_name)
+        self._moved_paths.rollback()
+        for pth in self._pth.values():
+            pth.rollback()
+
+    def commit(self) -> None:
+        """Remove temporary save dir: rollback will no longer be possible."""
+        self._moved_paths.commit()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dist(cls, dist: BaseDistribution) -> "UninstallPathSet":
+        dist_location = dist.location
+        info_location = dist.info_location
+        if dist_location is None:
+            logger.info(
+                "Not uninstalling %s since it is not installed",
+                dist.canonical_name,
+            )
+            return cls(dist)
+
+        normalized_dist_location = normalize_path(dist_location)
+        if not dist.local:
+            logger.info(
+                "Not uninstalling %s at %s, outside environment %s",
+                dist.canonical_name,
+                normalized_dist_location,
+                sys.prefix,
+            )
+            return cls(dist)
+
+        if normalized_dist_location in {
+            p
+            for p in {sysconfig.get_path("stdlib"), sysconfig.get_path("platstdlib")}
+            if p
+        }:
+            logger.info(
+                "Not uninstalling %s at %s, as it is in the standard library.",
+                dist.canonical_name,
+                normalized_dist_location,
+            )
+            return cls(dist)
+
+        paths_to_remove = cls(dist)
+        develop_egg_link = egg_link_path_from_location(dist.raw_name)
+
+        # Distribution is installed with metadata in a "flat" .egg-info
+        # directory. This means it is not a modern .dist-info installation, an
+        # egg, or legacy editable.
+        setuptools_flat_installation = (
+            dist.installed_with_setuptools_egg_info
+            and info_location is not None
+            and os.path.exists(info_location)
+            # If dist is editable and the location points to a ``.egg-info``,
+            # we are in fact in the legacy editable case.
+            and not info_location.endswith(f"{dist.setuptools_filename}.egg-info")
+        )
+
+        # Uninstall cases order do matter as in the case of 2 installs of the
+        # same package, pip needs to uninstall the currently detected version
+        if setuptools_flat_installation:
+            if info_location is not None:
+                paths_to_remove.add(info_location)
+            installed_files = dist.iter_declared_entries()
+            if installed_files is not None:
+                for installed_file in installed_files:
+                    paths_to_remove.add(os.path.join(dist_location, installed_file))
+            # FIXME: need a test for this elif block
+            # occurs with --single-version-externally-managed/--record outside
+            # of pip
+            elif dist.is_file("top_level.txt"):
+                try:
+                    namespace_packages = dist.read_text("namespace_packages.txt")
+                except FileNotFoundError:
+                    namespaces = []
+                else:
+                    namespaces = namespace_packages.splitlines(keepends=False)
+                for top_level_pkg in [
+                    p
+                    for p in dist.read_text("top_level.txt").splitlines()
+                    if p and p not in namespaces
+                ]:
+                    path = os.path.join(dist_location, top_level_pkg)
+                    paths_to_remove.add(path)
+                    paths_to_remove.add(f"{path}.py")
+                    paths_to_remove.add(f"{path}.pyc")
+                    paths_to_remove.add(f"{path}.pyo")
+
+        elif dist.installed_by_distutils:
+            raise UninstallationError(
+                "Cannot uninstall {!r}. It is a distutils installed project "
+                "and thus we cannot accurately determine which files belong "
+                "to it which would lead to only a partial uninstall.".format(
+                    dist.raw_name,
+                )
+            )
+
+        elif dist.installed_as_egg:
+            # package installed by easy_install
+            # We cannot match on dist.egg_name because it can slightly vary
+            # i.e. setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg vs setuptools-0.6rc11-py2.6.egg
+            paths_to_remove.add(dist_location)
+            easy_install_egg = os.path.split(dist_location)[1]
+            easy_install_pth = os.path.join(
+                os.path.dirname(dist_location),
+                "easy-install.pth",
+            )
+            paths_to_remove.add_pth(easy_install_pth, "./" + easy_install_egg)
+
+        elif dist.installed_with_dist_info:
+            for path in uninstallation_paths(dist):
+                paths_to_remove.add(path)
+
+        elif develop_egg_link:
+            # PEP 660 modern editable is handled in the ``.dist-info`` case
+            # above, so this only covers the setuptools-style editable.
+            with open(develop_egg_link) as fh:
+                link_pointer = os.path.normcase(fh.readline().strip())
+            assert link_pointer == dist_location, (
+                f"Egg-link {link_pointer} does not match installed location of "
+                f"{dist.raw_name} (at {dist_location})"
+            )
+            paths_to_remove.add(develop_egg_link)
+            easy_install_pth = os.path.join(
+                os.path.dirname(develop_egg_link), "easy-install.pth"
+            )
+            paths_to_remove.add_pth(easy_install_pth, dist_location)
+
+        else:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Not sure how to uninstall: %s - Check: %s",
+                dist,
+                dist_location,
+            )
+
+        if dist.in_usersite:
+            bin_dir = get_bin_user()
+        else:
+            bin_dir = get_bin_prefix()
+
+        # find distutils scripts= scripts
+        try:
+            for script in dist.iterdir("scripts"):
+                paths_to_remove.add(os.path.join(bin_dir, script.name))
+                if WINDOWS:
+                    paths_to_remove.add(os.path.join(bin_dir, f"{script.name}.bat"))
+        except (FileNotFoundError, NotADirectoryError):
+            pass
+
+        # find console_scripts and gui_scripts
+        def iter_scripts_to_remove(
+            dist: BaseDistribution,
+            bin_dir: str,
+        ) -> Iterator[str]:
+            for entry_point in dist.iter_entry_points():
+                if entry_point.group == "console_scripts":
+                    yield from _script_names(bin_dir, entry_point.name, False)
+                elif entry_point.group == "gui_scripts":
+                    yield from _script_names(bin_dir, entry_point.name, True)
+
+        for s in iter_scripts_to_remove(dist, bin_dir):
+            paths_to_remove.add(s)
+
+        return paths_to_remove
+
+
+class UninstallPthEntries:
+    def __init__(self, pth_file: str) -> None:
+        self.file = pth_file
+        self.entries: Set[str] = set()
+        self._saved_lines: Optional[List[bytes]] = None
+
+    def add(self, entry: str) -> None:
+        entry = os.path.normcase(entry)
+        # On Windows, os.path.normcase converts the entry to use
+        # backslashes.  This is correct for entries that describe absolute
+        # paths outside of site-packages, but all the others use forward
+        # slashes.
+        # os.path.splitdrive is used instead of os.path.isabs because isabs
+        # treats non-absolute paths with drive letter markings like c:foo\bar
+        # as absolute paths. It also does not recognize UNC paths if they don't
+        # have more than "\\sever\share". Valid examples: "\\server\share\" or
+        # "\\server\share\folder".
+        if WINDOWS and not os.path.splitdrive(entry)[0]:
+            entry = entry.replace("\\", "/")
+        self.entries.add(entry)
+
+    def remove(self) -> None:
+        logger.verbose("Removing pth entries from %s:", self.file)
+
+        # If the file doesn't exist, log a warning and return
+        if not os.path.isfile(self.file):
+            logger.warning("Cannot remove entries from nonexistent file %s", self.file)
+            return
+        with open(self.file, "rb") as fh:
+            # windows uses '\r\n' with py3k, but uses '\n' with py2.x
+            lines = fh.readlines()
+            self._saved_lines = lines
+        if any(b"\r\n" in line for line in lines):
+            endline = "\r\n"
+        else:
+            endline = "\n"
+        # handle missing trailing newline
+        if lines and not lines[-1].endswith(endline.encode("utf-8")):
+            lines[-1] = lines[-1] + endline.encode("utf-8")
+        for entry in self.entries:
+            try:
+                logger.verbose("Removing entry: %s", entry)
+                lines.remove((entry + endline).encode("utf-8"))
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+        with open(self.file, "wb") as fh:
+            fh.writelines(lines)
+
+    def rollback(self) -> bool:
+        if self._saved_lines is None:
+            logger.error("Cannot roll back changes to %s, none were made", self.file)
+            return False
+        logger.debug("Rolling %s back to previous state", self.file)
+        with open(self.file, "wb") as fh:
+            fh.writelines(self._saved_lines)
+        return True
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42dade1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from typing import Callable, List, Optional
+
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.req.req_set import RequirementSet
+
+InstallRequirementProvider = Callable[
+    [str, Optional[InstallRequirement]], InstallRequirement
+]
+
+
+class BaseResolver:
+    def resolve(
+        self, root_reqs: List[InstallRequirement], check_supported_wheels: bool
+    ) -> RequirementSet:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def get_installation_order(
+        self, req_set: RequirementSet
+    ) -> List[InstallRequirement]:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/resolver.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/resolver.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c149d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/resolver.py
@@ -0,0 +1,467 @@
+"""Dependency Resolution
+
+The dependency resolution in pip is performed as follows:
+
+for top-level requirements:
+    a. only one spec allowed per project, regardless of conflicts or not.
+       otherwise a "double requirement" exception is raised
+    b. they override sub-dependency requirements.
+for sub-dependencies
+    a. "first found, wins" (where the order is breadth first)
+"""
+
+# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
+# mypy: strict-optional=False
+
+import logging
+import sys
+from collections import defaultdict
+from itertools import chain
+from typing import DefaultDict, Iterable, List, Optional, Set, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging import specifiers
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import Requirement
+
+from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    BestVersionAlreadyInstalled,
+    DistributionNotFound,
+    HashError,
+    HashErrors,
+    NoneMetadataError,
+    UnsupportedPythonVersion,
+)
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.operations.prepare import RequirementPreparer
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import (
+    InstallRequirement,
+    check_invalid_constraint_type,
+)
+from pip._internal.req.req_set import RequirementSet
+from pip._internal.resolution.base import BaseResolver, InstallRequirementProvider
+from pip._internal.utils.compatibility_tags import get_supported
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import normalize_version_info
+from pip._internal.utils.packaging import check_requires_python
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+DiscoveredDependencies = DefaultDict[str, List[InstallRequirement]]
+
+
+def _check_dist_requires_python(
+    dist: BaseDistribution,
+    version_info: Tuple[int, int, int],
+    ignore_requires_python: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Check whether the given Python version is compatible with a distribution's
+    "Requires-Python" value.
+
+    :param version_info: A 3-tuple of ints representing the Python
+        major-minor-micro version to check.
+    :param ignore_requires_python: Whether to ignore the "Requires-Python"
+        value if the given Python version isn't compatible.
+
+    :raises UnsupportedPythonVersion: When the given Python version isn't
+        compatible.
+    """
+    # This idiosyncratically converts the SpecifierSet to str and let
+    # check_requires_python then parse it again into SpecifierSet. But this
+    # is the legacy resolver so I'm just not going to bother refactoring.
+    try:
+        requires_python = str(dist.requires_python)
+    except FileNotFoundError as e:
+        raise NoneMetadataError(dist, str(e))
+    try:
+        is_compatible = check_requires_python(
+            requires_python,
+            version_info=version_info,
+        )
+    except specifiers.InvalidSpecifier as exc:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Package %r has an invalid Requires-Python: %s", dist.raw_name, exc
+        )
+        return
+
+    if is_compatible:
+        return
+
+    version = ".".join(map(str, version_info))
+    if ignore_requires_python:
+        logger.debug(
+            "Ignoring failed Requires-Python check for package %r: %s not in %r",
+            dist.raw_name,
+            version,
+            requires_python,
+        )
+        return
+
+    raise UnsupportedPythonVersion(
+        "Package {!r} requires a different Python: {} not in {!r}".format(
+            dist.raw_name, version, requires_python
+        )
+    )
+
+
+class Resolver(BaseResolver):
+    """Resolves which packages need to be installed/uninstalled to perform \
+    the requested operation without breaking the requirements of any package.
+    """
+
+    _allowed_strategies = {"eager", "only-if-needed", "to-satisfy-only"}
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        preparer: RequirementPreparer,
+        finder: PackageFinder,
+        wheel_cache: Optional[WheelCache],
+        make_install_req: InstallRequirementProvider,
+        use_user_site: bool,
+        ignore_dependencies: bool,
+        ignore_installed: bool,
+        ignore_requires_python: bool,
+        force_reinstall: bool,
+        upgrade_strategy: str,
+        py_version_info: Optional[Tuple[int, ...]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        assert upgrade_strategy in self._allowed_strategies
+
+        if py_version_info is None:
+            py_version_info = sys.version_info[:3]
+        else:
+            py_version_info = normalize_version_info(py_version_info)
+
+        self._py_version_info = py_version_info
+
+        self.preparer = preparer
+        self.finder = finder
+        self.wheel_cache = wheel_cache
+
+        self.upgrade_strategy = upgrade_strategy
+        self.force_reinstall = force_reinstall
+        self.ignore_dependencies = ignore_dependencies
+        self.ignore_installed = ignore_installed
+        self.ignore_requires_python = ignore_requires_python
+        self.use_user_site = use_user_site
+        self._make_install_req = make_install_req
+
+        self._discovered_dependencies: DiscoveredDependencies = defaultdict(list)
+
+    def resolve(
+        self, root_reqs: List[InstallRequirement], check_supported_wheels: bool
+    ) -> RequirementSet:
+        """Resolve what operations need to be done
+
+        As a side-effect of this method, the packages (and their dependencies)
+        are downloaded, unpacked and prepared for installation. This
+        preparation is done by ``pip.operations.prepare``.
+
+        Once PyPI has static dependency metadata available, it would be
+        possible to move the preparation to become a step separated from
+        dependency resolution.
+        """
+        requirement_set = RequirementSet(check_supported_wheels=check_supported_wheels)
+        for req in root_reqs:
+            if req.constraint:
+                check_invalid_constraint_type(req)
+            requirement_set.add_requirement(req)
+
+        # Actually prepare the files, and collect any exceptions. Most hash
+        # exceptions cannot be checked ahead of time, because
+        # _populate_link() needs to be called before we can make decisions
+        # based on link type.
+        discovered_reqs: List[InstallRequirement] = []
+        hash_errors = HashErrors()
+        for req in chain(requirement_set.all_requirements, discovered_reqs):
+            try:
+                discovered_reqs.extend(self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req))
+            except HashError as exc:
+                exc.req = req
+                hash_errors.append(exc)
+
+        if hash_errors:
+            raise hash_errors
+
+        return requirement_set
+
+    def _is_upgrade_allowed(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> bool:
+        if self.upgrade_strategy == "to-satisfy-only":
+            return False
+        elif self.upgrade_strategy == "eager":
+            return True
+        else:
+            assert self.upgrade_strategy == "only-if-needed"
+            return req.user_supplied or req.constraint
+
+    def _set_req_to_reinstall(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        """
+        Set a requirement to be installed.
+        """
+        # Don't uninstall the conflict if doing a user install and the
+        # conflict is not a user install.
+        if not self.use_user_site or req.satisfied_by.in_usersite:
+            req.should_reinstall = True
+        req.satisfied_by = None
+
+    def _check_skip_installed(
+        self, req_to_install: InstallRequirement
+    ) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Check if req_to_install should be skipped.
+
+        This will check if the req is installed, and whether we should upgrade
+        or reinstall it, taking into account all the relevant user options.
+
+        After calling this req_to_install will only have satisfied_by set to
+        None if the req_to_install is to be upgraded/reinstalled etc. Any
+        other value will be a dist recording the current thing installed that
+        satisfies the requirement.
+
+        Note that for vcs urls and the like we can't assess skipping in this
+        routine - we simply identify that we need to pull the thing down,
+        then later on it is pulled down and introspected to assess upgrade/
+        reinstalls etc.
+
+        :return: A text reason for why it was skipped, or None.
+        """
+        if self.ignore_installed:
+            return None
+
+        req_to_install.check_if_exists(self.use_user_site)
+        if not req_to_install.satisfied_by:
+            return None
+
+        if self.force_reinstall:
+            self._set_req_to_reinstall(req_to_install)
+            return None
+
+        if not self._is_upgrade_allowed(req_to_install):
+            if self.upgrade_strategy == "only-if-needed":
+                return "already satisfied, skipping upgrade"
+            return "already satisfied"
+
+        # Check for the possibility of an upgrade.  For link-based
+        # requirements we have to pull the tree down and inspect to assess
+        # the version #, so it's handled way down.
+        if not req_to_install.link:
+            try:
+                self.finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=True)
+            except BestVersionAlreadyInstalled:
+                # Then the best version is installed.
+                return "already up-to-date"
+            except DistributionNotFound:
+                # No distribution found, so we squash the error.  It will
+                # be raised later when we re-try later to do the install.
+                # Why don't we just raise here?
+                pass
+
+        self._set_req_to_reinstall(req_to_install)
+        return None
+
+    def _find_requirement_link(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> Optional[Link]:
+        upgrade = self._is_upgrade_allowed(req)
+        best_candidate = self.finder.find_requirement(req, upgrade)
+        if not best_candidate:
+            return None
+
+        # Log a warning per PEP 592 if necessary before returning.
+        link = best_candidate.link
+        if link.is_yanked:
+            reason = link.yanked_reason or "<none given>"
+            msg = (
+                # Mark this as a unicode string to prevent
+                # "UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character"
+                # in Python 2 when the reason contains non-ascii characters.
+                "The candidate selected for download or install is a "
+                "yanked version: {candidate}\n"
+                "Reason for being yanked: {reason}"
+            ).format(candidate=best_candidate, reason=reason)
+            logger.warning(msg)
+
+        return link
+
+    def _populate_link(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        """Ensure that if a link can be found for this, that it is found.
+
+        Note that req.link may still be None - if the requirement is already
+        installed and not needed to be upgraded based on the return value of
+        _is_upgrade_allowed().
+
+        If preparer.require_hashes is True, don't use the wheel cache, because
+        cached wheels, always built locally, have different hashes than the
+        files downloaded from the index server and thus throw false hash
+        mismatches. Furthermore, cached wheels at present have undeterministic
+        contents due to file modification times.
+        """
+        if req.link is None:
+            req.link = self._find_requirement_link(req)
+
+        if self.wheel_cache is None or self.preparer.require_hashes:
+            return
+        cache_entry = self.wheel_cache.get_cache_entry(
+            link=req.link,
+            package_name=req.name,
+            supported_tags=get_supported(),
+        )
+        if cache_entry is not None:
+            logger.debug("Using cached wheel link: %s", cache_entry.link)
+            if req.link is req.original_link and cache_entry.persistent:
+                req.original_link_is_in_wheel_cache = True
+            req.link = cache_entry.link
+
+    def _get_dist_for(self, req: InstallRequirement) -> BaseDistribution:
+        """Takes a InstallRequirement and returns a single AbstractDist \
+        representing a prepared variant of the same.
+        """
+        if req.editable:
+            return self.preparer.prepare_editable_requirement(req)
+
+        # satisfied_by is only evaluated by calling _check_skip_installed,
+        # so it must be None here.
+        assert req.satisfied_by is None
+        skip_reason = self._check_skip_installed(req)
+
+        if req.satisfied_by:
+            return self.preparer.prepare_installed_requirement(req, skip_reason)
+
+        # We eagerly populate the link, since that's our "legacy" behavior.
+        self._populate_link(req)
+        dist = self.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(req)
+
+        # NOTE
+        # The following portion is for determining if a certain package is
+        # going to be re-installed/upgraded or not and reporting to the user.
+        # This should probably get cleaned up in a future refactor.
+
+        # req.req is only avail after unpack for URL
+        # pkgs repeat check_if_exists to uninstall-on-upgrade
+        # (#14)
+        if not self.ignore_installed:
+            req.check_if_exists(self.use_user_site)
+
+        if req.satisfied_by:
+            should_modify = (
+                self.upgrade_strategy != "to-satisfy-only"
+                or self.force_reinstall
+                or self.ignore_installed
+                or req.link.scheme == "file"
+            )
+            if should_modify:
+                self._set_req_to_reinstall(req)
+            else:
+                logger.info(
+                    "Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): %s",
+                    req,
+                )
+        return dist
+
+    def _resolve_one(
+        self,
+        requirement_set: RequirementSet,
+        req_to_install: InstallRequirement,
+    ) -> List[InstallRequirement]:
+        """Prepare a single requirements file.
+
+        :return: A list of additional InstallRequirements to also install.
+        """
+        # Tell user what we are doing for this requirement:
+        # obtain (editable), skipping, processing (local url), collecting
+        # (remote url or package name)
+        if req_to_install.constraint or req_to_install.prepared:
+            return []
+
+        req_to_install.prepared = True
+
+        # Parse and return dependencies
+        dist = self._get_dist_for(req_to_install)
+        # This will raise UnsupportedPythonVersion if the given Python
+        # version isn't compatible with the distribution's Requires-Python.
+        _check_dist_requires_python(
+            dist,
+            version_info=self._py_version_info,
+            ignore_requires_python=self.ignore_requires_python,
+        )
+
+        more_reqs: List[InstallRequirement] = []
+
+        def add_req(subreq: Requirement, extras_requested: Iterable[str]) -> None:
+            # This idiosyncratically converts the Requirement to str and let
+            # make_install_req then parse it again into Requirement. But this is
+            # the legacy resolver so I'm just not going to bother refactoring.
+            sub_install_req = self._make_install_req(str(subreq), req_to_install)
+            parent_req_name = req_to_install.name
+            to_scan_again, add_to_parent = requirement_set.add_requirement(
+                sub_install_req,
+                parent_req_name=parent_req_name,
+                extras_requested=extras_requested,
+            )
+            if parent_req_name and add_to_parent:
+                self._discovered_dependencies[parent_req_name].append(add_to_parent)
+            more_reqs.extend(to_scan_again)
+
+        with indent_log():
+            # We add req_to_install before its dependencies, so that we
+            # can refer to it when adding dependencies.
+            if not requirement_set.has_requirement(req_to_install.name):
+                # 'unnamed' requirements will get added here
+                # 'unnamed' requirements can only come from being directly
+                # provided by the user.
+                assert req_to_install.user_supplied
+                requirement_set.add_requirement(req_to_install, parent_req_name=None)
+
+            if not self.ignore_dependencies:
+                if req_to_install.extras:
+                    logger.debug(
+                        "Installing extra requirements: %r",
+                        ",".join(req_to_install.extras),
+                    )
+                missing_requested = sorted(
+                    set(req_to_install.extras) - set(dist.iter_provided_extras())
+                )
+                for missing in missing_requested:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "%s %s does not provide the extra '%s'",
+                        dist.raw_name,
+                        dist.version,
+                        missing,
+                    )
+
+                available_requested = sorted(
+                    set(dist.iter_provided_extras()) & set(req_to_install.extras)
+                )
+                for subreq in dist.iter_dependencies(available_requested):
+                    add_req(subreq, extras_requested=available_requested)
+
+        return more_reqs
+
+    def get_installation_order(
+        self, req_set: RequirementSet
+    ) -> List[InstallRequirement]:
+        """Create the installation order.
+
+        The installation order is topological - requirements are installed
+        before the requiring thing. We break cycles at an arbitrary point,
+        and make no other guarantees.
+        """
+        # The current implementation, which we may change at any point
+        # installs the user specified things in the order given, except when
+        # dependencies must come earlier to achieve topological order.
+        order = []
+        ordered_reqs: Set[InstallRequirement] = set()
+
+        def schedule(req: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+            if req.satisfied_by or req in ordered_reqs:
+                return
+            if req.constraint:
+                return
+            ordered_reqs.add(req)
+            for dep in self._discovered_dependencies[req.name]:
+                schedule(dep)
+            order.append(req)
+
+        for install_req in req_set.requirements.values():
+            schedule(install_req)
+        return order
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b206692
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+from typing import FrozenSet, Iterable, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import NormalizedName, canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import LegacyVersion, Version
+
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link, links_equivalent
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import Hashes
+
+CandidateLookup = Tuple[Optional["Candidate"], Optional[InstallRequirement]]
+CandidateVersion = Union[LegacyVersion, Version]
+
+
+def format_name(project: str, extras: FrozenSet[str]) -> str:
+    if not extras:
+        return project
+    canonical_extras = sorted(canonicalize_name(e) for e in extras)
+    return "{}[{}]".format(project, ",".join(canonical_extras))
+
+
+class Constraint:
+    def __init__(
+        self, specifier: SpecifierSet, hashes: Hashes, links: FrozenSet[Link]
+    ) -> None:
+        self.specifier = specifier
+        self.hashes = hashes
+        self.links = links
+
+    @classmethod
+    def empty(cls) -> "Constraint":
+        return Constraint(SpecifierSet(), Hashes(), frozenset())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_ireq(cls, ireq: InstallRequirement) -> "Constraint":
+        links = frozenset([ireq.link]) if ireq.link else frozenset()
+        return Constraint(ireq.specifier, ireq.hashes(trust_internet=False), links)
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.specifier) or bool(self.hashes) or bool(self.links)
+
+    def __and__(self, other: InstallRequirement) -> "Constraint":
+        if not isinstance(other, InstallRequirement):
+            return NotImplemented
+        specifier = self.specifier & other.specifier
+        hashes = self.hashes & other.hashes(trust_internet=False)
+        links = self.links
+        if other.link:
+            links = links.union([other.link])
+        return Constraint(specifier, hashes, links)
+
+    def is_satisfied_by(self, candidate: "Candidate") -> bool:
+        # Reject if there are any mismatched URL constraints on this package.
+        if self.links and not all(_match_link(link, candidate) for link in self.links):
+            return False
+        # We can safely always allow prereleases here since PackageFinder
+        # already implements the prerelease logic, and would have filtered out
+        # prerelease candidates if the user does not expect them.
+        return self.specifier.contains(candidate.version, prereleases=True)
+
+
+class Requirement:
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        """The "project name" of a requirement.
+
+        This is different from ``name`` if this requirement contains extras,
+        in which case ``name`` would contain the ``[...]`` part, while this
+        refers to the name of the project.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclass should override")
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """The name identifying this requirement in the resolver.
+
+        This is different from ``project_name`` if this requirement contains
+        extras, where ``project_name`` would not contain the ``[...]`` part.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclass should override")
+
+    def is_satisfied_by(self, candidate: "Candidate") -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def get_candidate_lookup(self) -> CandidateLookup:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclass should override")
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclass should override")
+
+
+def _match_link(link: Link, candidate: "Candidate") -> bool:
+    if candidate.source_link:
+        return links_equivalent(link, candidate.source_link)
+    return False
+
+
+class Candidate:
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        """The "project name" of the candidate.
+
+        This is different from ``name`` if this candidate contains extras,
+        in which case ``name`` would contain the ``[...]`` part, while this
+        refers to the name of the project.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Override in subclass")
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """The name identifying this candidate in the resolver.
+
+        This is different from ``project_name`` if this candidate contains
+        extras, where ``project_name`` would not contain the ``[...]`` part.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Override in subclass")
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> CandidateVersion:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Override in subclass")
+
+    @property
+    def is_installed(self) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Override in subclass")
+
+    @property
+    def is_editable(self) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Override in subclass")
+
+    @property
+    def source_link(self) -> Optional[Link]:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Override in subclass")
+
+    def iter_dependencies(self, with_requires: bool) -> Iterable[Optional[Requirement]]:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Override in subclass")
+
+    def get_install_requirement(self) -> Optional[InstallRequirement]:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Override in subclass")
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclass should override")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b8450e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py
@@ -0,0 +1,547 @@
+import logging
+import sys
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, FrozenSet, Iterable, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import NormalizedName, canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import Version
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    HashError,
+    InstallationSubprocessError,
+    MetadataInconsistent,
+)
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link, links_equivalent
+from pip._internal.models.wheel import Wheel
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import (
+    install_req_from_editable,
+    install_req_from_line,
+)
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import normalize_version_info
+
+from .base import Candidate, CandidateVersion, Requirement, format_name
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .factory import Factory
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+BaseCandidate = Union[
+    "AlreadyInstalledCandidate",
+    "EditableCandidate",
+    "LinkCandidate",
+]
+
+# Avoid conflicting with the PyPI package "Python".
+REQUIRES_PYTHON_IDENTIFIER = cast(NormalizedName, "<Python from Requires-Python>")
+
+
+def as_base_candidate(candidate: Candidate) -> Optional[BaseCandidate]:
+    """The runtime version of BaseCandidate."""
+    base_candidate_classes = (
+        AlreadyInstalledCandidate,
+        EditableCandidate,
+        LinkCandidate,
+    )
+    if isinstance(candidate, base_candidate_classes):
+        return candidate
+    return None
+
+
+def make_install_req_from_link(
+    link: Link, template: InstallRequirement
+) -> InstallRequirement:
+    assert not template.editable, "template is editable"
+    if template.req:
+        line = str(template.req)
+    else:
+        line = link.url
+    ireq = install_req_from_line(
+        line,
+        user_supplied=template.user_supplied,
+        comes_from=template.comes_from,
+        use_pep517=template.use_pep517,
+        isolated=template.isolated,
+        constraint=template.constraint,
+        options=dict(
+            install_options=template.install_options,
+            global_options=template.global_options,
+            hashes=template.hash_options,
+        ),
+    )
+    ireq.original_link = template.original_link
+    ireq.link = link
+    return ireq
+
+
+def make_install_req_from_editable(
+    link: Link, template: InstallRequirement
+) -> InstallRequirement:
+    assert template.editable, "template not editable"
+    return install_req_from_editable(
+        link.url,
+        user_supplied=template.user_supplied,
+        comes_from=template.comes_from,
+        use_pep517=template.use_pep517,
+        isolated=template.isolated,
+        constraint=template.constraint,
+        permit_editable_wheels=template.permit_editable_wheels,
+        options=dict(
+            install_options=template.install_options,
+            global_options=template.global_options,
+            hashes=template.hash_options,
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+def _make_install_req_from_dist(
+    dist: BaseDistribution, template: InstallRequirement
+) -> InstallRequirement:
+    if template.req:
+        line = str(template.req)
+    elif template.link:
+        line = f"{dist.canonical_name} @ {template.link.url}"
+    else:
+        line = f"{dist.canonical_name}=={dist.version}"
+    ireq = install_req_from_line(
+        line,
+        user_supplied=template.user_supplied,
+        comes_from=template.comes_from,
+        use_pep517=template.use_pep517,
+        isolated=template.isolated,
+        constraint=template.constraint,
+        options=dict(
+            install_options=template.install_options,
+            global_options=template.global_options,
+            hashes=template.hash_options,
+        ),
+    )
+    ireq.satisfied_by = dist
+    return ireq
+
+
+class _InstallRequirementBackedCandidate(Candidate):
+    """A candidate backed by an ``InstallRequirement``.
+
+    This represents a package request with the target not being already
+    in the environment, and needs to be fetched and installed. The backing
+    ``InstallRequirement`` is responsible for most of the leg work; this
+    class exposes appropriate information to the resolver.
+
+    :param link: The link passed to the ``InstallRequirement``. The backing
+        ``InstallRequirement`` will use this link to fetch the distribution.
+    :param source_link: The link this candidate "originates" from. This is
+        different from ``link`` when the link is found in the wheel cache.
+        ``link`` would point to the wheel cache, while this points to the
+        found remote link (e.g. from pypi.org).
+    """
+
+    dist: BaseDistribution
+    is_installed = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+        source_link: Link,
+        ireq: InstallRequirement,
+        factory: "Factory",
+        name: Optional[NormalizedName] = None,
+        version: Optional[CandidateVersion] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._link = link
+        self._source_link = source_link
+        self._factory = factory
+        self._ireq = ireq
+        self._name = name
+        self._version = version
+        self.dist = self._prepare()
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.name} {self.version}"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "{class_name}({link!r})".format(
+            class_name=self.__class__.__name__,
+            link=str(self._link),
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash((self.__class__, self._link))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return links_equivalent(self._link, other._link)
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def source_link(self) -> Optional[Link]:
+        return self._source_link
+
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        """The normalised name of the project the candidate refers to"""
+        if self._name is None:
+            self._name = self.dist.canonical_name
+        return self._name
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return self.project_name
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> CandidateVersion:
+        if self._version is None:
+            self._version = self.dist.version
+        return self._version
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+        return "{} {} (from {})".format(
+            self.name,
+            self.version,
+            self._link.file_path if self._link.is_file else self._link,
+        )
+
+    def _prepare_distribution(self) -> BaseDistribution:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Override in subclass")
+
+    def _check_metadata_consistency(self, dist: BaseDistribution) -> None:
+        """Check for consistency of project name and version of dist."""
+        if self._name is not None and self._name != dist.canonical_name:
+            raise MetadataInconsistent(
+                self._ireq,
+                "name",
+                self._name,
+                dist.canonical_name,
+            )
+        if self._version is not None and self._version != dist.version:
+            raise MetadataInconsistent(
+                self._ireq,
+                "version",
+                str(self._version),
+                str(dist.version),
+            )
+
+    def _prepare(self) -> BaseDistribution:
+        try:
+            dist = self._prepare_distribution()
+        except HashError as e:
+            # Provide HashError the underlying ireq that caused it. This
+            # provides context for the resulting error message to show the
+            # offending line to the user.
+            e.req = self._ireq
+            raise
+        except InstallationSubprocessError as exc:
+            # The output has been presented already, so don't duplicate it.
+            exc.context = "See above for output."
+            raise
+
+        self._check_metadata_consistency(dist)
+        return dist
+
+    def iter_dependencies(self, with_requires: bool) -> Iterable[Optional[Requirement]]:
+        requires = self.dist.iter_dependencies() if with_requires else ()
+        for r in requires:
+            yield self._factory.make_requirement_from_spec(str(r), self._ireq)
+        yield self._factory.make_requires_python_requirement(self.dist.requires_python)
+
+    def get_install_requirement(self) -> Optional[InstallRequirement]:
+        return self._ireq
+
+
+class LinkCandidate(_InstallRequirementBackedCandidate):
+    is_editable = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+        template: InstallRequirement,
+        factory: "Factory",
+        name: Optional[NormalizedName] = None,
+        version: Optional[CandidateVersion] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        source_link = link
+        cache_entry = factory.get_wheel_cache_entry(link, name)
+        if cache_entry is not None:
+            logger.debug("Using cached wheel link: %s", cache_entry.link)
+            link = cache_entry.link
+        ireq = make_install_req_from_link(link, template)
+        assert ireq.link == link
+        if ireq.link.is_wheel and not ireq.link.is_file:
+            wheel = Wheel(ireq.link.filename)
+            wheel_name = canonicalize_name(wheel.name)
+            assert name == wheel_name, f"{name!r} != {wheel_name!r} for wheel"
+            # Version may not be present for PEP 508 direct URLs
+            if version is not None:
+                wheel_version = Version(wheel.version)
+                assert version == wheel_version, "{!r} != {!r} for wheel {}".format(
+                    version, wheel_version, name
+                )
+
+        if (
+            cache_entry is not None
+            and cache_entry.persistent
+            and template.link is template.original_link
+        ):
+            ireq.original_link_is_in_wheel_cache = True
+
+        super().__init__(
+            link=link,
+            source_link=source_link,
+            ireq=ireq,
+            factory=factory,
+            name=name,
+            version=version,
+        )
+
+    def _prepare_distribution(self) -> BaseDistribution:
+        preparer = self._factory.preparer
+        return preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(self._ireq, parallel_builds=True)
+
+
+class EditableCandidate(_InstallRequirementBackedCandidate):
+    is_editable = True
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+        template: InstallRequirement,
+        factory: "Factory",
+        name: Optional[NormalizedName] = None,
+        version: Optional[CandidateVersion] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            link=link,
+            source_link=link,
+            ireq=make_install_req_from_editable(link, template),
+            factory=factory,
+            name=name,
+            version=version,
+        )
+
+    def _prepare_distribution(self) -> BaseDistribution:
+        return self._factory.preparer.prepare_editable_requirement(self._ireq)
+
+
+class AlreadyInstalledCandidate(Candidate):
+    is_installed = True
+    source_link = None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dist: BaseDistribution,
+        template: InstallRequirement,
+        factory: "Factory",
+    ) -> None:
+        self.dist = dist
+        self._ireq = _make_install_req_from_dist(dist, template)
+        self._factory = factory
+
+        # This is just logging some messages, so we can do it eagerly.
+        # The returned dist would be exactly the same as self.dist because we
+        # set satisfied_by in _make_install_req_from_dist.
+        # TODO: Supply reason based on force_reinstall and upgrade_strategy.
+        skip_reason = "already satisfied"
+        factory.preparer.prepare_installed_requirement(self._ireq, skip_reason)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.dist)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "{class_name}({distribution!r})".format(
+            class_name=self.__class__.__name__,
+            distribution=self.dist,
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash((self.__class__, self.name, self.version))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return self.name == other.name and self.version == other.version
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        return self.dist.canonical_name
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return self.project_name
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> CandidateVersion:
+        return self.dist.version
+
+    @property
+    def is_editable(self) -> bool:
+        return self.dist.editable
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.name} {self.version} (Installed)"
+
+    def iter_dependencies(self, with_requires: bool) -> Iterable[Optional[Requirement]]:
+        if not with_requires:
+            return
+        for r in self.dist.iter_dependencies():
+            yield self._factory.make_requirement_from_spec(str(r), self._ireq)
+
+    def get_install_requirement(self) -> Optional[InstallRequirement]:
+        return None
+
+
+class ExtrasCandidate(Candidate):
+    """A candidate that has 'extras', indicating additional dependencies.
+
+    Requirements can be for a project with dependencies, something like
+    foo[extra].  The extras don't affect the project/version being installed
+    directly, but indicate that we need additional dependencies. We model that
+    by having an artificial ExtrasCandidate that wraps the "base" candidate.
+
+    The ExtrasCandidate differs from the base in the following ways:
+
+    1. It has a unique name, of the form foo[extra]. This causes the resolver
+       to treat it as a separate node in the dependency graph.
+    2. When we're getting the candidate's dependencies,
+       a) We specify that we want the extra dependencies as well.
+       b) We add a dependency on the base candidate.
+          See below for why this is needed.
+    3. We return None for the underlying InstallRequirement, as the base
+       candidate will provide it, and we don't want to end up with duplicates.
+
+    The dependency on the base candidate is needed so that the resolver can't
+    decide that it should recommend foo[extra1] version 1.0 and foo[extra2]
+    version 2.0. Having those candidates depend on foo=1.0 and foo=2.0
+    respectively forces the resolver to recognise that this is a conflict.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        base: BaseCandidate,
+        extras: FrozenSet[str],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.base = base
+        self.extras = extras
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        name, rest = str(self.base).split(" ", 1)
+        return "{}[{}] {}".format(name, ",".join(self.extras), rest)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "{class_name}(base={base!r}, extras={extras!r})".format(
+            class_name=self.__class__.__name__,
+            base=self.base,
+            extras=self.extras,
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash((self.base, self.extras))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return self.base == other.base and self.extras == other.extras
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        return self.base.project_name
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """The normalised name of the project the candidate refers to"""
+        return format_name(self.base.project_name, self.extras)
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> CandidateVersion:
+        return self.base.version
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+        return "{} [{}]".format(
+            self.base.format_for_error(), ", ".join(sorted(self.extras))
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def is_installed(self) -> bool:
+        return self.base.is_installed
+
+    @property
+    def is_editable(self) -> bool:
+        return self.base.is_editable
+
+    @property
+    def source_link(self) -> Optional[Link]:
+        return self.base.source_link
+
+    def iter_dependencies(self, with_requires: bool) -> Iterable[Optional[Requirement]]:
+        factory = self.base._factory
+
+        # Add a dependency on the exact base
+        # (See note 2b in the class docstring)
+        yield factory.make_requirement_from_candidate(self.base)
+        if not with_requires:
+            return
+
+        # The user may have specified extras that the candidate doesn't
+        # support. We ignore any unsupported extras here.
+        valid_extras = self.extras.intersection(self.base.dist.iter_provided_extras())
+        invalid_extras = self.extras.difference(self.base.dist.iter_provided_extras())
+        for extra in sorted(invalid_extras):
+            logger.warning(
+                "%s %s does not provide the extra '%s'",
+                self.base.name,
+                self.version,
+                extra,
+            )
+
+        for r in self.base.dist.iter_dependencies(valid_extras):
+            requirement = factory.make_requirement_from_spec(
+                str(r), self.base._ireq, valid_extras
+            )
+            if requirement:
+                yield requirement
+
+    def get_install_requirement(self) -> Optional[InstallRequirement]:
+        # We don't return anything here, because we always
+        # depend on the base candidate, and we'll get the
+        # install requirement from that.
+        return None
+
+
+class RequiresPythonCandidate(Candidate):
+    is_installed = False
+    source_link = None
+
+    def __init__(self, py_version_info: Optional[Tuple[int, ...]]) -> None:
+        if py_version_info is not None:
+            version_info = normalize_version_info(py_version_info)
+        else:
+            version_info = sys.version_info[:3]
+        self._version = Version(".".join(str(c) for c in version_info))
+
+    # We don't need to implement __eq__() and __ne__() since there is always
+    # only one RequiresPythonCandidate in a resolution, i.e. the host Python.
+    # The built-in object.__eq__() and object.__ne__() do exactly what we want.
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Python {self._version}"
+
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        return REQUIRES_PYTHON_IDENTIFIER
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return REQUIRES_PYTHON_IDENTIFIER
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> CandidateVersion:
+        return self._version
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+        return f"Python {self.version}"
+
+    def iter_dependencies(self, with_requires: bool) -> Iterable[Optional[Requirement]]:
+        return ()
+
+    def get_install_requirement(self) -> Optional[InstallRequirement]:
+        return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/factory.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/factory.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..261d8d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/factory.py
@@ -0,0 +1,739 @@
+import contextlib
+import functools
+import logging
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Dict,
+    FrozenSet,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import InvalidRequirement
+from pip._vendor.packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import NormalizedName, canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.resolvelib import ResolutionImpossible
+
+from pip._internal.cache import CacheEntry, WheelCache
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    DistributionNotFound,
+    InstallationError,
+    InstallationSubprocessError,
+    MetadataInconsistent,
+    UnsupportedPythonVersion,
+    UnsupportedWheel,
+)
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.metadata import BaseDistribution, get_default_environment
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.models.wheel import Wheel
+from pip._internal.operations.prepare import RequirementPreparer
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import install_req_from_link_and_ireq
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import (
+    InstallRequirement,
+    check_invalid_constraint_type,
+)
+from pip._internal.resolution.base import InstallRequirementProvider
+from pip._internal.utils.compatibility_tags import get_supported
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import Hashes
+from pip._internal.utils.packaging import get_requirement
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv
+
+from .base import Candidate, CandidateVersion, Constraint, Requirement
+from .candidates import (
+    AlreadyInstalledCandidate,
+    BaseCandidate,
+    EditableCandidate,
+    ExtrasCandidate,
+    LinkCandidate,
+    RequiresPythonCandidate,
+    as_base_candidate,
+)
+from .found_candidates import FoundCandidates, IndexCandidateInfo
+from .requirements import (
+    ExplicitRequirement,
+    RequiresPythonRequirement,
+    SpecifierRequirement,
+    UnsatisfiableRequirement,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import Protocol
+
+    class ConflictCause(Protocol):
+        requirement: RequiresPythonRequirement
+        parent: Candidate
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+C = TypeVar("C")
+Cache = Dict[Link, C]
+
+
+class CollectedRootRequirements(NamedTuple):
+    requirements: List[Requirement]
+    constraints: Dict[str, Constraint]
+    user_requested: Dict[str, int]
+
+
+class Factory:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        finder: PackageFinder,
+        preparer: RequirementPreparer,
+        make_install_req: InstallRequirementProvider,
+        wheel_cache: Optional[WheelCache],
+        use_user_site: bool,
+        force_reinstall: bool,
+        ignore_installed: bool,
+        ignore_requires_python: bool,
+        suppress_build_failures: bool,
+        py_version_info: Optional[Tuple[int, ...]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._finder = finder
+        self.preparer = preparer
+        self._wheel_cache = wheel_cache
+        self._python_candidate = RequiresPythonCandidate(py_version_info)
+        self._make_install_req_from_spec = make_install_req
+        self._use_user_site = use_user_site
+        self._force_reinstall = force_reinstall
+        self._ignore_requires_python = ignore_requires_python
+        self._suppress_build_failures = suppress_build_failures
+
+        self._build_failures: Cache[InstallationError] = {}
+        self._link_candidate_cache: Cache[LinkCandidate] = {}
+        self._editable_candidate_cache: Cache[EditableCandidate] = {}
+        self._installed_candidate_cache: Dict[str, AlreadyInstalledCandidate] = {}
+        self._extras_candidate_cache: Dict[
+            Tuple[int, FrozenSet[str]], ExtrasCandidate
+        ] = {}
+
+        if not ignore_installed:
+            env = get_default_environment()
+            self._installed_dists = {
+                dist.canonical_name: dist
+                for dist in env.iter_installed_distributions(local_only=False)
+            }
+        else:
+            self._installed_dists = {}
+
+    @property
+    def force_reinstall(self) -> bool:
+        return self._force_reinstall
+
+    def _fail_if_link_is_unsupported_wheel(self, link: Link) -> None:
+        if not link.is_wheel:
+            return
+        wheel = Wheel(link.filename)
+        if wheel.supported(self._finder.target_python.get_tags()):
+            return
+        msg = f"{link.filename} is not a supported wheel on this platform."
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(msg)
+
+    def _make_extras_candidate(
+        self, base: BaseCandidate, extras: FrozenSet[str]
+    ) -> ExtrasCandidate:
+        cache_key = (id(base), extras)
+        try:
+            candidate = self._extras_candidate_cache[cache_key]
+        except KeyError:
+            candidate = ExtrasCandidate(base, extras)
+            self._extras_candidate_cache[cache_key] = candidate
+        return candidate
+
+    def _make_candidate_from_dist(
+        self,
+        dist: BaseDistribution,
+        extras: FrozenSet[str],
+        template: InstallRequirement,
+    ) -> Candidate:
+        try:
+            base = self._installed_candidate_cache[dist.canonical_name]
+        except KeyError:
+            base = AlreadyInstalledCandidate(dist, template, factory=self)
+            self._installed_candidate_cache[dist.canonical_name] = base
+        if not extras:
+            return base
+        return self._make_extras_candidate(base, extras)
+
+    def _make_candidate_from_link(
+        self,
+        link: Link,
+        extras: FrozenSet[str],
+        template: InstallRequirement,
+        name: Optional[NormalizedName],
+        version: Optional[CandidateVersion],
+    ) -> Optional[Candidate]:
+        # TODO: Check already installed candidate, and use it if the link and
+        # editable flag match.
+
+        if link in self._build_failures:
+            # We already tried this candidate before, and it does not build.
+            # Don't bother trying again.
+            return None
+
+        if template.editable:
+            if link not in self._editable_candidate_cache:
+                try:
+                    self._editable_candidate_cache[link] = EditableCandidate(
+                        link,
+                        template,
+                        factory=self,
+                        name=name,
+                        version=version,
+                    )
+                except MetadataInconsistent as e:
+                    logger.info(
+                        "Discarding [blue underline]%s[/]: [yellow]%s[reset]",
+                        link,
+                        e,
+                        extra={"markup": True},
+                    )
+                    self._build_failures[link] = e
+                    return None
+                except InstallationSubprocessError as e:
+                    if not self._suppress_build_failures:
+                        raise
+                    logger.warning("Discarding %s due to build failure: %s", link, e)
+                    self._build_failures[link] = e
+                    return None
+
+            base: BaseCandidate = self._editable_candidate_cache[link]
+        else:
+            if link not in self._link_candidate_cache:
+                try:
+                    self._link_candidate_cache[link] = LinkCandidate(
+                        link,
+                        template,
+                        factory=self,
+                        name=name,
+                        version=version,
+                    )
+                except MetadataInconsistent as e:
+                    logger.info(
+                        "Discarding [blue underline]%s[/]: [yellow]%s[reset]",
+                        link,
+                        e,
+                        extra={"markup": True},
+                    )
+                    self._build_failures[link] = e
+                    return None
+                except InstallationSubprocessError as e:
+                    if not self._suppress_build_failures:
+                        raise
+                    logger.warning("Discarding %s due to build failure: %s", link, e)
+                    self._build_failures[link] = e
+                    return None
+            base = self._link_candidate_cache[link]
+
+        if not extras:
+            return base
+        return self._make_extras_candidate(base, extras)
+
+    def _iter_found_candidates(
+        self,
+        ireqs: Sequence[InstallRequirement],
+        specifier: SpecifierSet,
+        hashes: Hashes,
+        prefers_installed: bool,
+        incompatible_ids: Set[int],
+    ) -> Iterable[Candidate]:
+        if not ireqs:
+            return ()
+
+        # The InstallRequirement implementation requires us to give it a
+        # "template". Here we just choose the first requirement to represent
+        # all of them.
+        # Hopefully the Project model can correct this mismatch in the future.
+        template = ireqs[0]
+        assert template.req, "Candidates found on index must be PEP 508"
+        name = canonicalize_name(template.req.name)
+
+        extras: FrozenSet[str] = frozenset()
+        for ireq in ireqs:
+            assert ireq.req, "Candidates found on index must be PEP 508"
+            specifier &= ireq.req.specifier
+            hashes &= ireq.hashes(trust_internet=False)
+            extras |= frozenset(ireq.extras)
+
+        def _get_installed_candidate() -> Optional[Candidate]:
+            """Get the candidate for the currently-installed version."""
+            # If --force-reinstall is set, we want the version from the index
+            # instead, so we "pretend" there is nothing installed.
+            if self._force_reinstall:
+                return None
+            try:
+                installed_dist = self._installed_dists[name]
+            except KeyError:
+                return None
+            # Don't use the installed distribution if its version does not fit
+            # the current dependency graph.
+            if not specifier.contains(installed_dist.version, prereleases=True):
+                return None
+            candidate = self._make_candidate_from_dist(
+                dist=installed_dist,
+                extras=extras,
+                template=template,
+            )
+            # The candidate is a known incompatibility. Don't use it.
+            if id(candidate) in incompatible_ids:
+                return None
+            return candidate
+
+        def iter_index_candidate_infos() -> Iterator[IndexCandidateInfo]:
+            result = self._finder.find_best_candidate(
+                project_name=name,
+                specifier=specifier,
+                hashes=hashes,
+            )
+            icans = list(result.iter_applicable())
+
+            # PEP 592: Yanked releases are ignored unless the specifier
+            # explicitly pins a version (via '==' or '===') that can be
+            # solely satisfied by a yanked release.
+            all_yanked = all(ican.link.is_yanked for ican in icans)
+
+            def is_pinned(specifier: SpecifierSet) -> bool:
+                for sp in specifier:
+                    if sp.operator == "===":
+                        return True
+                    if sp.operator != "==":
+                        continue
+                    if sp.version.endswith(".*"):
+                        continue
+                    return True
+                return False
+
+            pinned = is_pinned(specifier)
+
+            # PackageFinder returns earlier versions first, so we reverse.
+            for ican in reversed(icans):
+                if not (all_yanked and pinned) and ican.link.is_yanked:
+                    continue
+                func = functools.partial(
+                    self._make_candidate_from_link,
+                    link=ican.link,
+                    extras=extras,
+                    template=template,
+                    name=name,
+                    version=ican.version,
+                )
+                yield ican.version, func
+
+        return FoundCandidates(
+            iter_index_candidate_infos,
+            _get_installed_candidate(),
+            prefers_installed,
+            incompatible_ids,
+        )
+
+    def _iter_explicit_candidates_from_base(
+        self,
+        base_requirements: Iterable[Requirement],
+        extras: FrozenSet[str],
+    ) -> Iterator[Candidate]:
+        """Produce explicit candidates from the base given an extra-ed package.
+
+        :param base_requirements: Requirements known to the resolver. The
+            requirements are guaranteed to not have extras.
+        :param extras: The extras to inject into the explicit requirements'
+            candidates.
+        """
+        for req in base_requirements:
+            lookup_cand, _ = req.get_candidate_lookup()
+            if lookup_cand is None:  # Not explicit.
+                continue
+            # We've stripped extras from the identifier, and should always
+            # get a BaseCandidate here, unless there's a bug elsewhere.
+            base_cand = as_base_candidate(lookup_cand)
+            assert base_cand is not None, "no extras here"
+            yield self._make_extras_candidate(base_cand, extras)
+
+    def _iter_candidates_from_constraints(
+        self,
+        identifier: str,
+        constraint: Constraint,
+        template: InstallRequirement,
+    ) -> Iterator[Candidate]:
+        """Produce explicit candidates from constraints.
+
+        This creates "fake" InstallRequirement objects that are basically clones
+        of what "should" be the template, but with original_link set to link.
+        """
+        for link in constraint.links:
+            self._fail_if_link_is_unsupported_wheel(link)
+            candidate = self._make_candidate_from_link(
+                link,
+                extras=frozenset(),
+                template=install_req_from_link_and_ireq(link, template),
+                name=canonicalize_name(identifier),
+                version=None,
+            )
+            if candidate:
+                yield candidate
+
+    def find_candidates(
+        self,
+        identifier: str,
+        requirements: Mapping[str, Iterable[Requirement]],
+        incompatibilities: Mapping[str, Iterator[Candidate]],
+        constraint: Constraint,
+        prefers_installed: bool,
+    ) -> Iterable[Candidate]:
+        # Collect basic lookup information from the requirements.
+        explicit_candidates: Set[Candidate] = set()
+        ireqs: List[InstallRequirement] = []
+        for req in requirements[identifier]:
+            cand, ireq = req.get_candidate_lookup()
+            if cand is not None:
+                explicit_candidates.add(cand)
+            if ireq is not None:
+                ireqs.append(ireq)
+
+        # If the current identifier contains extras, add explicit candidates
+        # from entries from extra-less identifier.
+        with contextlib.suppress(InvalidRequirement):
+            parsed_requirement = get_requirement(identifier)
+            explicit_candidates.update(
+                self._iter_explicit_candidates_from_base(
+                    requirements.get(parsed_requirement.name, ()),
+                    frozenset(parsed_requirement.extras),
+                ),
+            )
+
+        # Add explicit candidates from constraints. We only do this if there are
+        # known ireqs, which represent requirements not already explicit. If
+        # there are no ireqs, we're constraining already-explicit requirements,
+        # which is handled later when we return the explicit candidates.
+        if ireqs:
+            try:
+                explicit_candidates.update(
+                    self._iter_candidates_from_constraints(
+                        identifier,
+                        constraint,
+                        template=ireqs[0],
+                    ),
+                )
+            except UnsupportedWheel:
+                # If we're constrained to install a wheel incompatible with the
+                # target architecture, no candidates will ever be valid.
+                return ()
+
+        # Since we cache all the candidates, incompatibility identification
+        # can be made quicker by comparing only the id() values.
+        incompat_ids = {id(c) for c in incompatibilities.get(identifier, ())}
+
+        # If none of the requirements want an explicit candidate, we can ask
+        # the finder for candidates.
+        if not explicit_candidates:
+            return self._iter_found_candidates(
+                ireqs,
+                constraint.specifier,
+                constraint.hashes,
+                prefers_installed,
+                incompat_ids,
+            )
+
+        return (
+            c
+            for c in explicit_candidates
+            if id(c) not in incompat_ids
+            and constraint.is_satisfied_by(c)
+            and all(req.is_satisfied_by(c) for req in requirements[identifier])
+        )
+
+    def _make_requirement_from_install_req(
+        self, ireq: InstallRequirement, requested_extras: Iterable[str]
+    ) -> Optional[Requirement]:
+        if not ireq.match_markers(requested_extras):
+            logger.info(
+                "Ignoring %s: markers '%s' don't match your environment",
+                ireq.name,
+                ireq.markers,
+            )
+            return None
+        if not ireq.link:
+            return SpecifierRequirement(ireq)
+        self._fail_if_link_is_unsupported_wheel(ireq.link)
+        cand = self._make_candidate_from_link(
+            ireq.link,
+            extras=frozenset(ireq.extras),
+            template=ireq,
+            name=canonicalize_name(ireq.name) if ireq.name else None,
+            version=None,
+        )
+        if cand is None:
+            # There's no way we can satisfy a URL requirement if the underlying
+            # candidate fails to build. An unnamed URL must be user-supplied, so
+            # we fail eagerly. If the URL is named, an unsatisfiable requirement
+            # can make the resolver do the right thing, either backtrack (and
+            # maybe find some other requirement that's buildable) or raise a
+            # ResolutionImpossible eventually.
+            if not ireq.name:
+                raise self._build_failures[ireq.link]
+            return UnsatisfiableRequirement(canonicalize_name(ireq.name))
+        return self.make_requirement_from_candidate(cand)
+
+    def collect_root_requirements(
+        self, root_ireqs: List[InstallRequirement]
+    ) -> CollectedRootRequirements:
+        collected = CollectedRootRequirements([], {}, {})
+        for i, ireq in enumerate(root_ireqs):
+            if ireq.constraint:
+                # Ensure we only accept valid constraints
+                problem = check_invalid_constraint_type(ireq)
+                if problem:
+                    raise InstallationError(problem)
+                if not ireq.match_markers():
+                    continue
+                assert ireq.name, "Constraint must be named"
+                name = canonicalize_name(ireq.name)
+                if name in collected.constraints:
+                    collected.constraints[name] &= ireq
+                else:
+                    collected.constraints[name] = Constraint.from_ireq(ireq)
+            else:
+                req = self._make_requirement_from_install_req(
+                    ireq,
+                    requested_extras=(),
+                )
+                if req is None:
+                    continue
+                if ireq.user_supplied and req.name not in collected.user_requested:
+                    collected.user_requested[req.name] = i
+                collected.requirements.append(req)
+        return collected
+
+    def make_requirement_from_candidate(
+        self, candidate: Candidate
+    ) -> ExplicitRequirement:
+        return ExplicitRequirement(candidate)
+
+    def make_requirement_from_spec(
+        self,
+        specifier: str,
+        comes_from: Optional[InstallRequirement],
+        requested_extras: Iterable[str] = (),
+    ) -> Optional[Requirement]:
+        ireq = self._make_install_req_from_spec(specifier, comes_from)
+        return self._make_requirement_from_install_req(ireq, requested_extras)
+
+    def make_requires_python_requirement(
+        self,
+        specifier: SpecifierSet,
+    ) -> Optional[Requirement]:
+        if self._ignore_requires_python:
+            return None
+        # Don't bother creating a dependency for an empty Requires-Python.
+        if not str(specifier):
+            return None
+        return RequiresPythonRequirement(specifier, self._python_candidate)
+
+    def get_wheel_cache_entry(
+        self, link: Link, name: Optional[str]
+    ) -> Optional[CacheEntry]:
+        """Look up the link in the wheel cache.
+
+        If ``preparer.require_hashes`` is True, don't use the wheel cache,
+        because cached wheels, always built locally, have different hashes
+        than the files downloaded from the index server and thus throw false
+        hash mismatches. Furthermore, cached wheels at present have
+        nondeterministic contents due to file modification times.
+        """
+        if self._wheel_cache is None or self.preparer.require_hashes:
+            return None
+        return self._wheel_cache.get_cache_entry(
+            link=link,
+            package_name=name,
+            supported_tags=get_supported(),
+        )
+
+    def get_dist_to_uninstall(self, candidate: Candidate) -> Optional[BaseDistribution]:
+        # TODO: Are there more cases this needs to return True? Editable?
+        dist = self._installed_dists.get(candidate.project_name)
+        if dist is None:  # Not installed, no uninstallation required.
+            return None
+
+        # We're installing into global site. The current installation must
+        # be uninstalled, no matter it's in global or user site, because the
+        # user site installation has precedence over global.
+        if not self._use_user_site:
+            return dist
+
+        # We're installing into user site. Remove the user site installation.
+        if dist.in_usersite:
+            return dist
+
+        # We're installing into user site, but the installed incompatible
+        # package is in global site. We can't uninstall that, and would let
+        # the new user installation to "shadow" it. But shadowing won't work
+        # in virtual environments, so we error out.
+        if running_under_virtualenv() and dist.in_site_packages:
+            message = (
+                f"Will not install to the user site because it will lack "
+                f"sys.path precedence to {dist.raw_name} in {dist.location}"
+            )
+            raise InstallationError(message)
+        return None
+
+    def _report_requires_python_error(
+        self, causes: Sequence["ConflictCause"]
+    ) -> UnsupportedPythonVersion:
+        assert causes, "Requires-Python error reported with no cause"
+
+        version = self._python_candidate.version
+
+        if len(causes) == 1:
+            specifier = str(causes[0].requirement.specifier)
+            message = (
+                f"Package {causes[0].parent.name!r} requires a different "
+                f"Python: {version} not in {specifier!r}"
+            )
+            return UnsupportedPythonVersion(message)
+
+        message = f"Packages require a different Python. {version} not in:"
+        for cause in causes:
+            package = cause.parent.format_for_error()
+            specifier = str(cause.requirement.specifier)
+            message += f"\n{specifier!r} (required by {package})"
+        return UnsupportedPythonVersion(message)
+
+    def _report_single_requirement_conflict(
+        self, req: Requirement, parent: Optional[Candidate]
+    ) -> DistributionNotFound:
+        if parent is None:
+            req_disp = str(req)
+        else:
+            req_disp = f"{req} (from {parent.name})"
+
+        cands = self._finder.find_all_candidates(req.project_name)
+        versions = [str(v) for v in sorted({c.version for c in cands})]
+
+        logger.critical(
+            "Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement %s "
+            "(from versions: %s)",
+            req_disp,
+            ", ".join(versions) or "none",
+        )
+        if str(req) == "requirements.txt":
+            logger.info(
+                "HINT: You are attempting to install a package literally "
+                'named "requirements.txt" (which cannot exist). Consider '
+                "using the '-r' flag to install the packages listed in "
+                "requirements.txt"
+            )
+
+        return DistributionNotFound(f"No matching distribution found for {req}")
+
+    def get_installation_error(
+        self,
+        e: "ResolutionImpossible[Requirement, Candidate]",
+        constraints: Dict[str, Constraint],
+    ) -> InstallationError:
+
+        assert e.causes, "Installation error reported with no cause"
+
+        # If one of the things we can't solve is "we need Python X.Y",
+        # that is what we report.
+        requires_python_causes = [
+            cause
+            for cause in e.causes
+            if isinstance(cause.requirement, RequiresPythonRequirement)
+            and not cause.requirement.is_satisfied_by(self._python_candidate)
+        ]
+        if requires_python_causes:
+            # The comprehension above makes sure all Requirement instances are
+            # RequiresPythonRequirement, so let's cast for convenience.
+            return self._report_requires_python_error(
+                cast("Sequence[ConflictCause]", requires_python_causes),
+            )
+
+        # Otherwise, we have a set of causes which can't all be satisfied
+        # at once.
+
+        # The simplest case is when we have *one* cause that can't be
+        # satisfied. We just report that case.
+        if len(e.causes) == 1:
+            req, parent = e.causes[0]
+            if req.name not in constraints:
+                return self._report_single_requirement_conflict(req, parent)
+
+        # OK, we now have a list of requirements that can't all be
+        # satisfied at once.
+
+        # A couple of formatting helpers
+        def text_join(parts: List[str]) -> str:
+            if len(parts) == 1:
+                return parts[0]
+
+            return ", ".join(parts[:-1]) + " and " + parts[-1]
+
+        def describe_trigger(parent: Candidate) -> str:
+            ireq = parent.get_install_requirement()
+            if not ireq or not ireq.comes_from:
+                return f"{parent.name}=={parent.version}"
+            if isinstance(ireq.comes_from, InstallRequirement):
+                return str(ireq.comes_from.name)
+            return str(ireq.comes_from)
+
+        triggers = set()
+        for req, parent in e.causes:
+            if parent is None:
+                # This is a root requirement, so we can report it directly
+                trigger = req.format_for_error()
+            else:
+                trigger = describe_trigger(parent)
+            triggers.add(trigger)
+
+        if triggers:
+            info = text_join(sorted(triggers))
+        else:
+            info = "the requested packages"
+
+        msg = (
+            "Cannot install {} because these package versions "
+            "have conflicting dependencies.".format(info)
+        )
+        logger.critical(msg)
+        msg = "\nThe conflict is caused by:"
+
+        relevant_constraints = set()
+        for req, parent in e.causes:
+            if req.name in constraints:
+                relevant_constraints.add(req.name)
+            msg = msg + "\n    "
+            if parent:
+                msg = msg + f"{parent.name} {parent.version} depends on "
+            else:
+                msg = msg + "The user requested "
+            msg = msg + req.format_for_error()
+        for key in relevant_constraints:
+            spec = constraints[key].specifier
+            msg += f"\n    The user requested (constraint) {key}{spec}"
+
+        msg = (
+            msg
+            + "\n\n"
+            + "To fix this you could try to:\n"
+            + "1. loosen the range of package versions you've specified\n"
+            + "2. remove package versions to allow pip attempt to solve "
+            + "the dependency conflict\n"
+        )
+
+        logger.info(msg)
+
+        return DistributionNotFound(
+            "ResolutionImpossible: for help visit "
+            "https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/topics/dependency-resolution/"
+            "#dealing-with-dependency-conflicts"
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/found_candidates.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/found_candidates.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8663097
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/found_candidates.py
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+"""Utilities to lazily create and visit candidates found.
+
+Creating and visiting a candidate is a *very* costly operation. It involves
+fetching, extracting, potentially building modules from source, and verifying
+distribution metadata. It is therefore crucial for performance to keep
+everything here lazy all the way down, so we only touch candidates that we
+absolutely need, and not "download the world" when we only need one version of
+something.
+"""
+
+import functools
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Iterator, Optional, Set, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import _BaseVersion
+
+from .base import Candidate
+
+IndexCandidateInfo = Tuple[_BaseVersion, Callable[[], Optional[Candidate]]]
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    SequenceCandidate = Sequence[Candidate]
+else:
+    # For compatibility: Python before 3.9 does not support using [] on the
+    # Sequence class.
+    #
+    # >>> from collections.abc import Sequence
+    # >>> Sequence[str]
+    # Traceback (most recent call last):
+    #   File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
+    # TypeError: 'ABCMeta' object is not subscriptable
+    #
+    # TODO: Remove this block after dropping Python 3.8 support.
+    SequenceCandidate = Sequence
+
+
+def _iter_built(infos: Iterator[IndexCandidateInfo]) -> Iterator[Candidate]:
+    """Iterator for ``FoundCandidates``.
+
+    This iterator is used when the package is not already installed. Candidates
+    from index come later in their normal ordering.
+    """
+    versions_found: Set[_BaseVersion] = set()
+    for version, func in infos:
+        if version in versions_found:
+            continue
+        candidate = func()
+        if candidate is None:
+            continue
+        yield candidate
+        versions_found.add(version)
+
+
+def _iter_built_with_prepended(
+    installed: Candidate, infos: Iterator[IndexCandidateInfo]
+) -> Iterator[Candidate]:
+    """Iterator for ``FoundCandidates``.
+
+    This iterator is used when the resolver prefers the already-installed
+    candidate and NOT to upgrade. The installed candidate is therefore
+    always yielded first, and candidates from index come later in their
+    normal ordering, except skipped when the version is already installed.
+    """
+    yield installed
+    versions_found: Set[_BaseVersion] = {installed.version}
+    for version, func in infos:
+        if version in versions_found:
+            continue
+        candidate = func()
+        if candidate is None:
+            continue
+        yield candidate
+        versions_found.add(version)
+
+
+def _iter_built_with_inserted(
+    installed: Candidate, infos: Iterator[IndexCandidateInfo]
+) -> Iterator[Candidate]:
+    """Iterator for ``FoundCandidates``.
+
+    This iterator is used when the resolver prefers to upgrade an
+    already-installed package. Candidates from index are returned in their
+    normal ordering, except replaced when the version is already installed.
+
+    The implementation iterates through and yields other candidates, inserting
+    the installed candidate exactly once before we start yielding older or
+    equivalent candidates, or after all other candidates if they are all newer.
+    """
+    versions_found: Set[_BaseVersion] = set()
+    for version, func in infos:
+        if version in versions_found:
+            continue
+        # If the installed candidate is better, yield it first.
+        if installed.version >= version:
+            yield installed
+            versions_found.add(installed.version)
+        candidate = func()
+        if candidate is None:
+            continue
+        yield candidate
+        versions_found.add(version)
+
+    # If the installed candidate is older than all other candidates.
+    if installed.version not in versions_found:
+        yield installed
+
+
+class FoundCandidates(SequenceCandidate):
+    """A lazy sequence to provide candidates to the resolver.
+
+    The intended usage is to return this from `find_matches()` so the resolver
+    can iterate through the sequence multiple times, but only access the index
+    page when remote packages are actually needed. This improve performances
+    when suitable candidates are already installed on disk.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        get_infos: Callable[[], Iterator[IndexCandidateInfo]],
+        installed: Optional[Candidate],
+        prefers_installed: bool,
+        incompatible_ids: Set[int],
+    ):
+        self._get_infos = get_infos
+        self._installed = installed
+        self._prefers_installed = prefers_installed
+        self._incompatible_ids = incompatible_ids
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index: Any) -> Any:
+        # Implemented to satisfy the ABC check. This is not needed by the
+        # resolver, and should not be used by the provider either (for
+        # performance reasons).
+        raise NotImplementedError("don't do this")
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Candidate]:
+        infos = self._get_infos()
+        if not self._installed:
+            iterator = _iter_built(infos)
+        elif self._prefers_installed:
+            iterator = _iter_built_with_prepended(self._installed, infos)
+        else:
+            iterator = _iter_built_with_inserted(self._installed, infos)
+        return (c for c in iterator if id(c) not in self._incompatible_ids)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        # Implemented to satisfy the ABC check. This is not needed by the
+        # resolver, and should not be used by the provider either (for
+        # performance reasons).
+        raise NotImplementedError("don't do this")
+
+    @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=1)
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        if self._prefers_installed and self._installed:
+            return True
+        return any(self)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/provider.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/provider.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6ec959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/provider.py
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+import collections
+import math
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    Mapping,
+    Sequence,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from pip._vendor.resolvelib.providers import AbstractProvider
+
+from .base import Candidate, Constraint, Requirement
+from .candidates import REQUIRES_PYTHON_IDENTIFIER
+from .factory import Factory
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._vendor.resolvelib.providers import Preference
+    from pip._vendor.resolvelib.resolvers import RequirementInformation
+
+    PreferenceInformation = RequirementInformation[Requirement, Candidate]
+
+    _ProviderBase = AbstractProvider[Requirement, Candidate, str]
+else:
+    _ProviderBase = AbstractProvider
+
+# Notes on the relationship between the provider, the factory, and the
+# candidate and requirement classes.
+#
+# The provider is a direct implementation of the resolvelib class. Its role
+# is to deliver the API that resolvelib expects.
+#
+# Rather than work with completely abstract "requirement" and "candidate"
+# concepts as resolvelib does, pip has concrete classes implementing these two
+# ideas. The API of Requirement and Candidate objects are defined in the base
+# classes, but essentially map fairly directly to the equivalent provider
+# methods. In particular, `find_matches` and `is_satisfied_by` are
+# requirement methods, and `get_dependencies` is a candidate method.
+#
+# The factory is the interface to pip's internal mechanisms. It is stateless,
+# and is created by the resolver and held as a property of the provider. It is
+# responsible for creating Requirement and Candidate objects, and provides
+# services to those objects (access to pip's finder and preparer).
+
+
+D = TypeVar("D")
+V = TypeVar("V")
+
+
+def _get_with_identifier(
+    mapping: Mapping[str, V],
+    identifier: str,
+    default: D,
+) -> Union[D, V]:
+    """Get item from a package name lookup mapping with a resolver identifier.
+
+    This extra logic is needed when the target mapping is keyed by package
+    name, which cannot be directly looked up with an identifier (which may
+    contain requested extras). Additional logic is added to also look up a value
+    by "cleaning up" the extras from the identifier.
+    """
+    if identifier in mapping:
+        return mapping[identifier]
+    # HACK: Theoretically we should check whether this identifier is a valid
+    # "NAME[EXTRAS]" format, and parse out the name part with packaging or
+    # some regular expression. But since pip's resolver only spits out three
+    # kinds of identifiers: normalized PEP 503 names, normalized names plus
+    # extras, and Requires-Python, we can cheat a bit here.
+    name, open_bracket, _ = identifier.partition("[")
+    if open_bracket and name in mapping:
+        return mapping[name]
+    return default
+
+
+class PipProvider(_ProviderBase):
+    """Pip's provider implementation for resolvelib.
+
+    :params constraints: A mapping of constraints specified by the user. Keys
+        are canonicalized project names.
+    :params ignore_dependencies: Whether the user specified ``--no-deps``.
+    :params upgrade_strategy: The user-specified upgrade strategy.
+    :params user_requested: A set of canonicalized package names that the user
+        supplied for pip to install/upgrade.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        factory: Factory,
+        constraints: Dict[str, Constraint],
+        ignore_dependencies: bool,
+        upgrade_strategy: str,
+        user_requested: Dict[str, int],
+    ) -> None:
+        self._factory = factory
+        self._constraints = constraints
+        self._ignore_dependencies = ignore_dependencies
+        self._upgrade_strategy = upgrade_strategy
+        self._user_requested = user_requested
+        self._known_depths: Dict[str, float] = collections.defaultdict(lambda: math.inf)
+
+    def identify(self, requirement_or_candidate: Union[Requirement, Candidate]) -> str:
+        return requirement_or_candidate.name
+
+    def get_preference(  # type: ignore
+        self,
+        identifier: str,
+        resolutions: Mapping[str, Candidate],
+        candidates: Mapping[str, Iterator[Candidate]],
+        information: Mapping[str, Iterable["PreferenceInformation"]],
+        backtrack_causes: Sequence["PreferenceInformation"],
+    ) -> "Preference":
+        """Produce a sort key for given requirement based on preference.
+
+        The lower the return value is, the more preferred this group of
+        arguments is.
+
+        Currently pip considers the followings in order:
+
+        * Prefer if any of the known requirements is "direct", e.g. points to an
+          explicit URL.
+        * If equal, prefer if any requirement is "pinned", i.e. contains
+          operator ``===`` or ``==``.
+        * If equal, calculate an approximate "depth" and resolve requirements
+          closer to the user-specified requirements first.
+        * Order user-specified requirements by the order they are specified.
+        * If equal, prefers "non-free" requirements, i.e. contains at least one
+          operator, such as ``>=`` or ``<``.
+        * If equal, order alphabetically for consistency (helps debuggability).
+        """
+        lookups = (r.get_candidate_lookup() for r, _ in information[identifier])
+        candidate, ireqs = zip(*lookups)
+        operators = [
+            specifier.operator
+            for specifier_set in (ireq.specifier for ireq in ireqs if ireq)
+            for specifier in specifier_set
+        ]
+
+        direct = candidate is not None
+        pinned = any(op[:2] == "==" for op in operators)
+        unfree = bool(operators)
+
+        try:
+            requested_order: Union[int, float] = self._user_requested[identifier]
+        except KeyError:
+            requested_order = math.inf
+            parent_depths = (
+                self._known_depths[parent.name] if parent is not None else 0.0
+                for _, parent in information[identifier]
+            )
+            inferred_depth = min(d for d in parent_depths) + 1.0
+        else:
+            inferred_depth = 1.0
+        self._known_depths[identifier] = inferred_depth
+
+        requested_order = self._user_requested.get(identifier, math.inf)
+
+        # Requires-Python has only one candidate and the check is basically
+        # free, so we always do it first to avoid needless work if it fails.
+        requires_python = identifier == REQUIRES_PYTHON_IDENTIFIER
+
+        # HACK: Setuptools have a very long and solid backward compatibility
+        # track record, and extremely few projects would request a narrow,
+        # non-recent version range of it since that would break a lot things.
+        # (Most projects specify it only to request for an installer feature,
+        # which does not work, but that's another topic.) Intentionally
+        # delaying Setuptools helps reduce branches the resolver has to check.
+        # This serves as a temporary fix for issues like "apache-airflow[all]"
+        # while we work on "proper" branch pruning techniques.
+        delay_this = identifier == "setuptools"
+
+        # Prefer the causes of backtracking on the assumption that the problem
+        # resolving the dependency tree is related to the failures that caused
+        # the backtracking
+        backtrack_cause = self.is_backtrack_cause(identifier, backtrack_causes)
+
+        return (
+            not requires_python,
+            delay_this,
+            not direct,
+            not pinned,
+            not backtrack_cause,
+            inferred_depth,
+            requested_order,
+            not unfree,
+            identifier,
+        )
+
+    def find_matches(
+        self,
+        identifier: str,
+        requirements: Mapping[str, Iterator[Requirement]],
+        incompatibilities: Mapping[str, Iterator[Candidate]],
+    ) -> Iterable[Candidate]:
+        def _eligible_for_upgrade(identifier: str) -> bool:
+            """Are upgrades allowed for this project?
+
+            This checks the upgrade strategy, and whether the project was one
+            that the user specified in the command line, in order to decide
+            whether we should upgrade if there's a newer version available.
+
+            (Note that we don't need access to the `--upgrade` flag, because
+            an upgrade strategy of "to-satisfy-only" means that `--upgrade`
+            was not specified).
+            """
+            if self._upgrade_strategy == "eager":
+                return True
+            elif self._upgrade_strategy == "only-if-needed":
+                user_order = _get_with_identifier(
+                    self._user_requested,
+                    identifier,
+                    default=None,
+                )
+                return user_order is not None
+            return False
+
+        constraint = _get_with_identifier(
+            self._constraints,
+            identifier,
+            default=Constraint.empty(),
+        )
+        return self._factory.find_candidates(
+            identifier=identifier,
+            requirements=requirements,
+            constraint=constraint,
+            prefers_installed=(not _eligible_for_upgrade(identifier)),
+            incompatibilities=incompatibilities,
+        )
+
+    def is_satisfied_by(self, requirement: Requirement, candidate: Candidate) -> bool:
+        return requirement.is_satisfied_by(candidate)
+
+    def get_dependencies(self, candidate: Candidate) -> Sequence[Requirement]:
+        with_requires = not self._ignore_dependencies
+        return [r for r in candidate.iter_dependencies(with_requires) if r is not None]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_backtrack_cause(
+        identifier: str, backtrack_causes: Sequence["PreferenceInformation"]
+    ) -> bool:
+        for backtrack_cause in backtrack_causes:
+            if identifier == backtrack_cause.requirement.name:
+                return True
+            if backtrack_cause.parent and identifier == backtrack_cause.parent.name:
+                return True
+        return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/reporter.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/reporter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ced532
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/reporter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+from logging import getLogger
+from typing import Any, DefaultDict
+
+from pip._vendor.resolvelib.reporters import BaseReporter
+
+from .base import Candidate, Requirement
+
+logger = getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class PipReporter(BaseReporter):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.backtracks_by_package: DefaultDict[str, int] = defaultdict(int)
+
+        self._messages_at_backtrack = {
+            1: (
+                "pip is looking at multiple versions of {package_name} to "
+                "determine which version is compatible with other "
+                "requirements. This could take a while."
+            ),
+            8: (
+                "pip is looking at multiple versions of {package_name} to "
+                "determine which version is compatible with other "
+                "requirements. This could take a while."
+            ),
+            13: (
+                "This is taking longer than usual. You might need to provide "
+                "the dependency resolver with stricter constraints to reduce "
+                "runtime. See https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/backtracking for "
+                "guidance. If you want to abort this run, press Ctrl + C."
+            ),
+        }
+
+    def backtracking(self, candidate: Candidate) -> None:
+        self.backtracks_by_package[candidate.name] += 1
+
+        count = self.backtracks_by_package[candidate.name]
+        if count not in self._messages_at_backtrack:
+            return
+
+        message = self._messages_at_backtrack[count]
+        logger.info("INFO: %s", message.format(package_name=candidate.name))
+
+
+class PipDebuggingReporter(BaseReporter):
+    """A reporter that does an info log for every event it sees."""
+
+    def starting(self) -> None:
+        logger.info("Reporter.starting()")
+
+    def starting_round(self, index: int) -> None:
+        logger.info("Reporter.starting_round(%r)", index)
+
+    def ending_round(self, index: int, state: Any) -> None:
+        logger.info("Reporter.ending_round(%r, state)", index)
+
+    def ending(self, state: Any) -> None:
+        logger.info("Reporter.ending(%r)", state)
+
+    def adding_requirement(self, requirement: Requirement, parent: Candidate) -> None:
+        logger.info("Reporter.adding_requirement(%r, %r)", requirement, parent)
+
+    def backtracking(self, candidate: Candidate) -> None:
+        logger.info("Reporter.backtracking(%r)", candidate)
+
+    def pinning(self, candidate: Candidate) -> None:
+        logger.info("Reporter.pinning(%r)", candidate)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/requirements.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/requirements.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f561f1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/requirements.py
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+from pip._vendor.packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import NormalizedName, canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+
+from .base import Candidate, CandidateLookup, Requirement, format_name
+
+
+class ExplicitRequirement(Requirement):
+    def __init__(self, candidate: Candidate) -> None:
+        self.candidate = candidate
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.candidate)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "{class_name}({candidate!r})".format(
+            class_name=self.__class__.__name__,
+            candidate=self.candidate,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        # No need to canonicalize - the candidate did this
+        return self.candidate.project_name
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        # No need to canonicalize - the candidate did this
+        return self.candidate.name
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+        return self.candidate.format_for_error()
+
+    def get_candidate_lookup(self) -> CandidateLookup:
+        return self.candidate, None
+
+    def is_satisfied_by(self, candidate: Candidate) -> bool:
+        return candidate == self.candidate
+
+
+class SpecifierRequirement(Requirement):
+    def __init__(self, ireq: InstallRequirement) -> None:
+        assert ireq.link is None, "This is a link, not a specifier"
+        self._ireq = ireq
+        self._extras = frozenset(ireq.extras)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self._ireq.req)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "{class_name}({requirement!r})".format(
+            class_name=self.__class__.__name__,
+            requirement=str(self._ireq.req),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        assert self._ireq.req, "Specifier-backed ireq is always PEP 508"
+        return canonicalize_name(self._ireq.req.name)
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return format_name(self.project_name, self._extras)
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+
+        # Convert comma-separated specifiers into "A, B, ..., F and G"
+        # This makes the specifier a bit more "human readable", without
+        # risking a change in meaning. (Hopefully! Not all edge cases have
+        # been checked)
+        parts = [s.strip() for s in str(self).split(",")]
+        if len(parts) == 0:
+            return ""
+        elif len(parts) == 1:
+            return parts[0]
+
+        return ", ".join(parts[:-1]) + " and " + parts[-1]
+
+    def get_candidate_lookup(self) -> CandidateLookup:
+        return None, self._ireq
+
+    def is_satisfied_by(self, candidate: Candidate) -> bool:
+        assert candidate.name == self.name, (
+            f"Internal issue: Candidate is not for this requirement "
+            f"{candidate.name} vs {self.name}"
+        )
+        # We can safely always allow prereleases here since PackageFinder
+        # already implements the prerelease logic, and would have filtered out
+        # prerelease candidates if the user does not expect them.
+        assert self._ireq.req, "Specifier-backed ireq is always PEP 508"
+        spec = self._ireq.req.specifier
+        return spec.contains(candidate.version, prereleases=True)
+
+
+class RequiresPythonRequirement(Requirement):
+    """A requirement representing Requires-Python metadata."""
+
+    def __init__(self, specifier: SpecifierSet, match: Candidate) -> None:
+        self.specifier = specifier
+        self._candidate = match
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Python {self.specifier}"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "{class_name}({specifier!r})".format(
+            class_name=self.__class__.__name__,
+            specifier=str(self.specifier),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        return self._candidate.project_name
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return self._candidate.name
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+    def get_candidate_lookup(self) -> CandidateLookup:
+        if self.specifier.contains(self._candidate.version, prereleases=True):
+            return self._candidate, None
+        return None, None
+
+    def is_satisfied_by(self, candidate: Candidate) -> bool:
+        assert candidate.name == self._candidate.name, "Not Python candidate"
+        # We can safely always allow prereleases here since PackageFinder
+        # already implements the prerelease logic, and would have filtered out
+        # prerelease candidates if the user does not expect them.
+        return self.specifier.contains(candidate.version, prereleases=True)
+
+
+class UnsatisfiableRequirement(Requirement):
+    """A requirement that cannot be satisfied."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name: NormalizedName) -> None:
+        self._name = name
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self._name} (unavailable)"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "{class_name}({name!r})".format(
+            class_name=self.__class__.__name__,
+            name=str(self._name),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def project_name(self) -> NormalizedName:
+        return self._name
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return self._name
+
+    def format_for_error(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+    def get_candidate_lookup(self) -> CandidateLookup:
+        return None, None
+
+    def is_satisfied_by(self, candidate: Candidate) -> bool:
+        return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/resolver.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/resolver.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32ef789
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/resolver.py
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+import functools
+import logging
+import os
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, cast
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.resolvelib import BaseReporter, ResolutionImpossible
+from pip._vendor.resolvelib import Resolver as RLResolver
+from pip._vendor.resolvelib.structs import DirectedGraph
+
+from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.operations.prepare import RequirementPreparer
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.req.req_set import RequirementSet
+from pip._internal.resolution.base import BaseResolver, InstallRequirementProvider
+from pip._internal.resolution.resolvelib.provider import PipProvider
+from pip._internal.resolution.resolvelib.reporter import (
+    PipDebuggingReporter,
+    PipReporter,
+)
+
+from .base import Candidate, Requirement
+from .factory import Factory
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._vendor.resolvelib.resolvers import Result as RLResult
+
+    Result = RLResult[Requirement, Candidate, str]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Resolver(BaseResolver):
+    _allowed_strategies = {"eager", "only-if-needed", "to-satisfy-only"}
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        preparer: RequirementPreparer,
+        finder: PackageFinder,
+        wheel_cache: Optional[WheelCache],
+        make_install_req: InstallRequirementProvider,
+        use_user_site: bool,
+        ignore_dependencies: bool,
+        ignore_installed: bool,
+        ignore_requires_python: bool,
+        force_reinstall: bool,
+        upgrade_strategy: str,
+        suppress_build_failures: bool,
+        py_version_info: Optional[Tuple[int, ...]] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        assert upgrade_strategy in self._allowed_strategies
+
+        self.factory = Factory(
+            finder=finder,
+            preparer=preparer,
+            make_install_req=make_install_req,
+            wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+            use_user_site=use_user_site,
+            force_reinstall=force_reinstall,
+            ignore_installed=ignore_installed,
+            ignore_requires_python=ignore_requires_python,
+            suppress_build_failures=suppress_build_failures,
+            py_version_info=py_version_info,
+        )
+        self.ignore_dependencies = ignore_dependencies
+        self.upgrade_strategy = upgrade_strategy
+        self._result: Optional[Result] = None
+
+    def resolve(
+        self, root_reqs: List[InstallRequirement], check_supported_wheels: bool
+    ) -> RequirementSet:
+        collected = self.factory.collect_root_requirements(root_reqs)
+        provider = PipProvider(
+            factory=self.factory,
+            constraints=collected.constraints,
+            ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies,
+            upgrade_strategy=self.upgrade_strategy,
+            user_requested=collected.user_requested,
+        )
+        if "PIP_RESOLVER_DEBUG" in os.environ:
+            reporter: BaseReporter = PipDebuggingReporter()
+        else:
+            reporter = PipReporter()
+        resolver: RLResolver[Requirement, Candidate, str] = RLResolver(
+            provider,
+            reporter,
+        )
+
+        try:
+            try_to_avoid_resolution_too_deep = 2000000
+            result = self._result = resolver.resolve(
+                collected.requirements, max_rounds=try_to_avoid_resolution_too_deep
+            )
+
+        except ResolutionImpossible as e:
+            error = self.factory.get_installation_error(
+                cast("ResolutionImpossible[Requirement, Candidate]", e),
+                collected.constraints,
+            )
+            raise error from e
+
+        req_set = RequirementSet(check_supported_wheels=check_supported_wheels)
+        for candidate in result.mapping.values():
+            ireq = candidate.get_install_requirement()
+            if ireq is None:
+                continue
+
+            # Check if there is already an installation under the same name,
+            # and set a flag for later stages to uninstall it, if needed.
+            installed_dist = self.factory.get_dist_to_uninstall(candidate)
+            if installed_dist is None:
+                # There is no existing installation -- nothing to uninstall.
+                ireq.should_reinstall = False
+            elif self.factory.force_reinstall:
+                # The --force-reinstall flag is set -- reinstall.
+                ireq.should_reinstall = True
+            elif installed_dist.version != candidate.version:
+                # The installation is different in version -- reinstall.
+                ireq.should_reinstall = True
+            elif candidate.is_editable or installed_dist.editable:
+                # The incoming distribution is editable, or different in
+                # editable-ness to installation -- reinstall.
+                ireq.should_reinstall = True
+            elif candidate.source_link and candidate.source_link.is_file:
+                # The incoming distribution is under file://
+                if candidate.source_link.is_wheel:
+                    # is a local wheel -- do nothing.
+                    logger.info(
+                        "%s is already installed with the same version as the "
+                        "provided wheel. Use --force-reinstall to force an "
+                        "installation of the wheel.",
+                        ireq.name,
+                    )
+                    continue
+
+                # is a local sdist or path -- reinstall
+                ireq.should_reinstall = True
+            else:
+                continue
+
+            link = candidate.source_link
+            if link and link.is_yanked:
+                # The reason can contain non-ASCII characters, Unicode
+                # is required for Python 2.
+                msg = (
+                    "The candidate selected for download or install is a "
+                    "yanked version: {name!r} candidate (version {version} "
+                    "at {link})\nReason for being yanked: {reason}"
+                ).format(
+                    name=candidate.name,
+                    version=candidate.version,
+                    link=link,
+                    reason=link.yanked_reason or "<none given>",
+                )
+                logger.warning(msg)
+
+            req_set.add_named_requirement(ireq)
+
+        reqs = req_set.all_requirements
+        self.factory.preparer.prepare_linked_requirements_more(reqs)
+        return req_set
+
+    def get_installation_order(
+        self, req_set: RequirementSet
+    ) -> List[InstallRequirement]:
+        """Get order for installation of requirements in RequirementSet.
+
+        The returned list contains a requirement before another that depends on
+        it. This helps ensure that the environment is kept consistent as they
+        get installed one-by-one.
+
+        The current implementation creates a topological ordering of the
+        dependency graph, giving more weight to packages with less
+        or no dependencies, while breaking any cycles in the graph at
+        arbitrary points. We make no guarantees about where the cycle
+        would be broken, other than it *would* be broken.
+        """
+        assert self._result is not None, "must call resolve() first"
+
+        if not req_set.requirements:
+            # Nothing is left to install, so we do not need an order.
+            return []
+
+        graph = self._result.graph
+        weights = get_topological_weights(graph, set(req_set.requirements.keys()))
+
+        sorted_items = sorted(
+            req_set.requirements.items(),
+            key=functools.partial(_req_set_item_sorter, weights=weights),
+            reverse=True,
+        )
+        return [ireq for _, ireq in sorted_items]
+
+
+def get_topological_weights(
+    graph: "DirectedGraph[Optional[str]]", requirement_keys: Set[str]
+) -> Dict[Optional[str], int]:
+    """Assign weights to each node based on how "deep" they are.
+
+    This implementation may change at any point in the future without prior
+    notice.
+
+    We first simplify the dependency graph by pruning any leaves and giving them
+    the highest weight: a package without any dependencies should be installed
+    first. This is done again and again in the same way, giving ever less weight
+    to the newly found leaves. The loop stops when no leaves are left: all
+    remaining packages have at least one dependency left in the graph.
+
+    Then we continue with the remaining graph, by taking the length for the
+    longest path to any node from root, ignoring any paths that contain a single
+    node twice (i.e. cycles). This is done through a depth-first search through
+    the graph, while keeping track of the path to the node.
+
+    Cycles in the graph result would result in node being revisited while also
+    being on its own path. In this case, take no action. This helps ensure we
+    don't get stuck in a cycle.
+
+    When assigning weight, the longer path (i.e. larger length) is preferred.
+
+    We are only interested in the weights of packages that are in the
+    requirement_keys.
+    """
+    path: Set[Optional[str]] = set()
+    weights: Dict[Optional[str], int] = {}
+
+    def visit(node: Optional[str]) -> None:
+        if node in path:
+            # We hit a cycle, so we'll break it here.
+            return
+
+        # Time to visit the children!
+        path.add(node)
+        for child in graph.iter_children(node):
+            visit(child)
+        path.remove(node)
+
+        if node not in requirement_keys:
+            return
+
+        last_known_parent_count = weights.get(node, 0)
+        weights[node] = max(last_known_parent_count, len(path))
+
+    # Simplify the graph, pruning leaves that have no dependencies.
+    # This is needed for large graphs (say over 200 packages) because the
+    # `visit` function is exponentially slower then, taking minutes.
+    # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/10557
+    # We will loop until we explicitly break the loop.
+    while True:
+        leaves = set()
+        for key in graph:
+            if key is None:
+                continue
+            for _child in graph.iter_children(key):
+                # This means we have at least one child
+                break
+            else:
+                # No child.
+                leaves.add(key)
+        if not leaves:
+            # We are done simplifying.
+            break
+        # Calculate the weight for the leaves.
+        weight = len(graph) - 1
+        for leaf in leaves:
+            if leaf not in requirement_keys:
+                continue
+            weights[leaf] = weight
+        # Remove the leaves from the graph, making it simpler.
+        for leaf in leaves:
+            graph.remove(leaf)
+
+    # Visit the remaining graph.
+    # `None` is guaranteed to be the root node by resolvelib.
+    visit(None)
+
+    # Sanity check: all requirement keys should be in the weights,
+    # and no other keys should be in the weights.
+    difference = set(weights.keys()).difference(requirement_keys)
+    assert not difference, difference
+
+    return weights
+
+
+def _req_set_item_sorter(
+    item: Tuple[str, InstallRequirement],
+    weights: Dict[Optional[str], int],
+) -> Tuple[int, str]:
+    """Key function used to sort install requirements for installation.
+
+    Based on the "weight" mapping calculated in ``get_installation_order()``.
+    The canonical package name is returned as the second member as a tie-
+    breaker to ensure the result is predictable, which is useful in tests.
+    """
+    name = canonicalize_name(item[0])
+    return weights[name], name
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/self_outdated_check.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/self_outdated_check.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7300e0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/self_outdated_check.py
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+import datetime
+import hashlib
+import json
+import logging
+import optparse
+import os.path
+import sys
+from typing import Any, Dict
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+
+from pip._internal.index.collector import LinkCollector
+from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.metadata import get_default_environment
+from pip._internal.models.selection_prefs import SelectionPreferences
+from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import adjacent_tmp_file, check_path_owner, replace
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir
+
+SELFCHECK_DATE_FMT = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _get_statefile_name(key: str) -> str:
+    key_bytes = key.encode()
+    name = hashlib.sha224(key_bytes).hexdigest()
+    return name
+
+
+class SelfCheckState:
+    def __init__(self, cache_dir: str) -> None:
+        self.state: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+        self.statefile_path = None
+
+        # Try to load the existing state
+        if cache_dir:
+            self.statefile_path = os.path.join(
+                cache_dir, "selfcheck", _get_statefile_name(self.key)
+            )
+            try:
+                with open(self.statefile_path, encoding="utf-8") as statefile:
+                    self.state = json.load(statefile)
+            except (OSError, ValueError, KeyError):
+                # Explicitly suppressing exceptions, since we don't want to
+                # error out if the cache file is invalid.
+                pass
+
+    @property
+    def key(self) -> str:
+        return sys.prefix
+
+    def save(self, pypi_version: str, current_time: datetime.datetime) -> None:
+        # If we do not have a path to cache in, don't bother saving.
+        if not self.statefile_path:
+            return
+
+        # Check to make sure that we own the directory
+        if not check_path_owner(os.path.dirname(self.statefile_path)):
+            return
+
+        # Now that we've ensured the directory is owned by this user, we'll go
+        # ahead and make sure that all our directories are created.
+        ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(self.statefile_path))
+
+        state = {
+            # Include the key so it's easy to tell which pip wrote the
+            # file.
+            "key": self.key,
+            "last_check": current_time.strftime(SELFCHECK_DATE_FMT),
+            "pypi_version": pypi_version,
+        }
+
+        text = json.dumps(state, sort_keys=True, separators=(",", ":"))
+
+        with adjacent_tmp_file(self.statefile_path) as f:
+            f.write(text.encode())
+
+        try:
+            # Since we have a prefix-specific state file, we can just
+            # overwrite whatever is there, no need to check.
+            replace(f.name, self.statefile_path)
+        except OSError:
+            # Best effort.
+            pass
+
+
+def was_installed_by_pip(pkg: str) -> bool:
+    """Checks whether pkg was installed by pip
+
+    This is used not to display the upgrade message when pip is in fact
+    installed by system package manager, such as dnf on Fedora.
+    """
+    dist = get_default_environment().get_distribution(pkg)
+    return dist is not None and "pip" == dist.installer
+
+
+def pip_self_version_check(session: PipSession, options: optparse.Values) -> None:
+    """Check for an update for pip.
+
+    Limit the frequency of checks to once per week. State is stored either in
+    the active virtualenv or in the user's USER_CACHE_DIR keyed off the prefix
+    of the pip script path.
+    """
+    installed_dist = get_default_environment().get_distribution("pip")
+    if not installed_dist:
+        return
+
+    pip_version = installed_dist.version
+    pypi_version = None
+
+    try:
+        state = SelfCheckState(cache_dir=options.cache_dir)
+
+        current_time = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
+        # Determine if we need to refresh the state
+        if "last_check" in state.state and "pypi_version" in state.state:
+            last_check = datetime.datetime.strptime(
+                state.state["last_check"], SELFCHECK_DATE_FMT
+            )
+            if (current_time - last_check).total_seconds() < 7 * 24 * 60 * 60:
+                pypi_version = state.state["pypi_version"]
+
+        # Refresh the version if we need to or just see if we need to warn
+        if pypi_version is None:
+            # Lets use PackageFinder to see what the latest pip version is
+            link_collector = LinkCollector.create(
+                session,
+                options=options,
+                suppress_no_index=True,
+            )
+
+            # Pass allow_yanked=False so we don't suggest upgrading to a
+            # yanked version.
+            selection_prefs = SelectionPreferences(
+                allow_yanked=False,
+                allow_all_prereleases=False,  # Explicitly set to False
+            )
+
+            finder = PackageFinder.create(
+                link_collector=link_collector,
+                selection_prefs=selection_prefs,
+                use_deprecated_html5lib=(
+                    "html5lib" in options.deprecated_features_enabled
+                ),
+            )
+            best_candidate = finder.find_best_candidate("pip").best_candidate
+            if best_candidate is None:
+                return
+            pypi_version = str(best_candidate.version)
+
+            # save that we've performed a check
+            state.save(pypi_version, current_time)
+
+        remote_version = parse_version(pypi_version)
+
+        local_version_is_older = (
+            pip_version < remote_version
+            and pip_version.base_version != remote_version.base_version
+            and was_installed_by_pip("pip")
+        )
+
+        # Determine if our pypi_version is older
+        if not local_version_is_older:
+            return
+
+        # We cannot tell how the current pip is available in the current
+        # command context, so be pragmatic here and suggest the command
+        # that's always available. This does not accommodate spaces in
+        # `sys.executable` on purpose as it is not possible to do it
+        # correctly without knowing the user's shell. Thus,
+        # it won't be done until possible through the standard library.
+        # Do not be tempted to use the undocumented subprocess.list2cmdline.
+        # It is considered an internal implementation detail for a reason.
+        pip_cmd = f"{sys.executable} -m pip"
+        logger.warning(
+            "You are using pip version %s; however, version %s is "
+            "available.\nYou should consider upgrading via the "
+            "'%s install --upgrade pip' command.",
+            pip_version,
+            pypi_version,
+            pip_cmd,
+        )
+    except Exception:
+        logger.debug(
+            "There was an error checking the latest version of pip",
+            exc_info=True,
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/_log.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/_log.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92c4c6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/_log.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+"""Customize logging
+
+Defines custom logger class for the `logger.verbose(...)` method.
+
+init_logging() must be called before any other modules that call logging.getLogger.
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import Any, cast
+
+# custom log level for `--verbose` output
+# between DEBUG and INFO
+VERBOSE = 15
+
+
+class VerboseLogger(logging.Logger):
+    """Custom Logger, defining a verbose log-level
+
+    VERBOSE is between INFO and DEBUG.
+    """
+
+    def verbose(self, msg: str, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        return self.log(VERBOSE, msg, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def getLogger(name: str) -> VerboseLogger:
+    """logging.getLogger, but ensures our VerboseLogger class is returned"""
+    return cast(VerboseLogger, logging.getLogger(name))
+
+
+def init_logging() -> None:
+    """Register our VerboseLogger and VERBOSE log level.
+
+    Should be called before any calls to getLogger(),
+    i.e. in pip._internal.__init__
+    """
+    logging.setLoggerClass(VerboseLogger)
+    logging.addLevelName(VERBOSE, "VERBOSE")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/appdirs.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/appdirs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16933bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/appdirs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+"""
+This code wraps the vendored appdirs module to so the return values are
+compatible for the current pip code base.
+
+The intention is to rewrite current usages gradually, keeping the tests pass,
+and eventually drop this after all usages are changed.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+from typing import List
+
+from pip._vendor import platformdirs as _appdirs
+
+
+def user_cache_dir(appname: str) -> str:
+    return _appdirs.user_cache_dir(appname, appauthor=False)
+
+
+def _macos_user_config_dir(appname: str, roaming: bool = True) -> str:
+    # Use ~/Application Support/pip, if the directory exists.
+    path = _appdirs.user_data_dir(appname, appauthor=False, roaming=roaming)
+    if os.path.isdir(path):
+        return path
+
+    # Use a Linux-like ~/.config/pip, by default.
+    linux_like_path = "~/.config/"
+    if appname:
+        linux_like_path = os.path.join(linux_like_path, appname)
+
+    return os.path.expanduser(linux_like_path)
+
+
+def user_config_dir(appname: str, roaming: bool = True) -> str:
+    if sys.platform == "darwin":
+        return _macos_user_config_dir(appname, roaming)
+
+    return _appdirs.user_config_dir(appname, appauthor=False, roaming=roaming)
+
+
+# for the discussion regarding site_config_dir locations
+# see <https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1733>
+def site_config_dirs(appname: str) -> List[str]:
+    if sys.platform == "darwin":
+        return [_appdirs.site_data_dir(appname, appauthor=False, multipath=True)]
+
+    dirval = _appdirs.site_config_dir(appname, appauthor=False, multipath=True)
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        return [dirval]
+
+    # Unix-y system. Look in /etc as well.
+    return dirval.split(os.pathsep) + ["/etc"]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f4d300
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""Stuff that differs in different Python versions and platform
+distributions."""
+
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+
+__all__ = ["get_path_uid", "stdlib_pkgs", "WINDOWS"]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def has_tls() -> bool:
+    try:
+        import _ssl  # noqa: F401  # ignore unused
+
+        return True
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+    from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import IS_PYOPENSSL
+
+    return IS_PYOPENSSL
+
+
+def get_path_uid(path: str) -> int:
+    """
+    Return path's uid.
+
+    Does not follow symlinks:
+        https://github.com/pypa/pip/pull/935#discussion_r5307003
+
+    Placed this function in compat due to differences on AIX and
+    Jython, that should eventually go away.
+
+    :raises OSError: When path is a symlink or can't be read.
+    """
+    if hasattr(os, "O_NOFOLLOW"):
+        fd = os.open(path, os.O_RDONLY | os.O_NOFOLLOW)
+        file_uid = os.fstat(fd).st_uid
+        os.close(fd)
+    else:  # AIX and Jython
+        # WARNING: time of check vulnerability, but best we can do w/o NOFOLLOW
+        if not os.path.islink(path):
+            # older versions of Jython don't have `os.fstat`
+            file_uid = os.stat(path).st_uid
+        else:
+            # raise OSError for parity with os.O_NOFOLLOW above
+            raise OSError(f"{path} is a symlink; Will not return uid for symlinks")
+    return file_uid
+
+
+# packages in the stdlib that may have installation metadata, but should not be
+# considered 'installed'.  this theoretically could be determined based on
+# dist.location (py27:`sysconfig.get_paths()['stdlib']`,
+# py26:sysconfig.get_config_vars('LIBDEST')), but fear platform variation may
+# make this ineffective, so hard-coding
+stdlib_pkgs = {"python", "wsgiref", "argparse"}
+
+
+# windows detection, covers cpython and ironpython
+WINDOWS = sys.platform.startswith("win") or (sys.platform == "cli" and os.name == "nt")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compatibility_tags.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compatibility_tags.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6ed9a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compatibility_tags.py
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+"""Generate and work with PEP 425 Compatibility Tags.
+"""
+
+import re
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.tags import (
+    PythonVersion,
+    Tag,
+    compatible_tags,
+    cpython_tags,
+    generic_tags,
+    interpreter_name,
+    interpreter_version,
+    mac_platforms,
+)
+
+_osx_arch_pat = re.compile(r"(.+)_(\d+)_(\d+)_(.+)")
+
+
+def version_info_to_nodot(version_info: Tuple[int, ...]) -> str:
+    # Only use up to the first two numbers.
+    return "".join(map(str, version_info[:2]))
+
+
+def _mac_platforms(arch: str) -> List[str]:
+    match = _osx_arch_pat.match(arch)
+    if match:
+        name, major, minor, actual_arch = match.groups()
+        mac_version = (int(major), int(minor))
+        arches = [
+            # Since we have always only checked that the platform starts
+            # with "macosx", for backwards-compatibility we extract the
+            # actual prefix provided by the user in case they provided
+            # something like "macosxcustom_". It may be good to remove
+            # this as undocumented or deprecate it in the future.
+            "{}_{}".format(name, arch[len("macosx_") :])
+            for arch in mac_platforms(mac_version, actual_arch)
+        ]
+    else:
+        # arch pattern didn't match (?!)
+        arches = [arch]
+    return arches
+
+
+def _custom_manylinux_platforms(arch: str) -> List[str]:
+    arches = [arch]
+    arch_prefix, arch_sep, arch_suffix = arch.partition("_")
+    if arch_prefix == "manylinux2014":
+        # manylinux1/manylinux2010 wheels run on most manylinux2014 systems
+        # with the exception of wheels depending on ncurses. PEP 599 states
+        # manylinux1/manylinux2010 wheels should be considered
+        # manylinux2014 wheels:
+        # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0599/#backwards-compatibility-with-manylinux2010-wheels
+        if arch_suffix in {"i686", "x86_64"}:
+            arches.append("manylinux2010" + arch_sep + arch_suffix)
+            arches.append("manylinux1" + arch_sep + arch_suffix)
+    elif arch_prefix == "manylinux2010":
+        # manylinux1 wheels run on most manylinux2010 systems with the
+        # exception of wheels depending on ncurses. PEP 571 states
+        # manylinux1 wheels should be considered manylinux2010 wheels:
+        # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0571/#backwards-compatibility-with-manylinux1-wheels
+        arches.append("manylinux1" + arch_sep + arch_suffix)
+    return arches
+
+
+def _get_custom_platforms(arch: str) -> List[str]:
+    arch_prefix, arch_sep, arch_suffix = arch.partition("_")
+    if arch.startswith("macosx"):
+        arches = _mac_platforms(arch)
+    elif arch_prefix in ["manylinux2014", "manylinux2010"]:
+        arches = _custom_manylinux_platforms(arch)
+    else:
+        arches = [arch]
+    return arches
+
+
+def _expand_allowed_platforms(platforms: Optional[List[str]]) -> Optional[List[str]]:
+    if not platforms:
+        return None
+
+    seen = set()
+    result = []
+
+    for p in platforms:
+        if p in seen:
+            continue
+        additions = [c for c in _get_custom_platforms(p) if c not in seen]
+        seen.update(additions)
+        result.extend(additions)
+
+    return result
+
+
+def _get_python_version(version: str) -> PythonVersion:
+    if len(version) > 1:
+        return int(version[0]), int(version[1:])
+    else:
+        return (int(version[0]),)
+
+
+def _get_custom_interpreter(
+    implementation: Optional[str] = None, version: Optional[str] = None
+) -> str:
+    if implementation is None:
+        implementation = interpreter_name()
+    if version is None:
+        version = interpreter_version()
+    return f"{implementation}{version}"
+
+
+def get_supported(
+    version: Optional[str] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    impl: Optional[str] = None,
+    abis: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+) -> List[Tag]:
+    """Return a list of supported tags for each version specified in
+    `versions`.
+
+    :param version: a string version, of the form "33" or "32",
+        or None. The version will be assumed to support our ABI.
+    :param platform: specify a list of platforms you want valid
+        tags for, or None. If None, use the local system platform.
+    :param impl: specify the exact implementation you want valid
+        tags for, or None. If None, use the local interpreter impl.
+    :param abis: specify a list of abis you want valid
+        tags for, or None. If None, use the local interpreter abi.
+    """
+    supported: List[Tag] = []
+
+    python_version: Optional[PythonVersion] = None
+    if version is not None:
+        python_version = _get_python_version(version)
+
+    interpreter = _get_custom_interpreter(impl, version)
+
+    platforms = _expand_allowed_platforms(platforms)
+
+    is_cpython = (impl or interpreter_name()) == "cp"
+    if is_cpython:
+        supported.extend(
+            cpython_tags(
+                python_version=python_version,
+                abis=abis,
+                platforms=platforms,
+            )
+        )
+    else:
+        supported.extend(
+            generic_tags(
+                interpreter=interpreter,
+                abis=abis,
+                platforms=platforms,
+            )
+        )
+    supported.extend(
+        compatible_tags(
+            python_version=python_version,
+            interpreter=interpreter,
+            platforms=platforms,
+        )
+    )
+
+    return supported
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/datetime.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/datetime.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8668b3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/datetime.py
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+"""For when pip wants to check the date or time.
+"""
+
+import datetime
+
+
+def today_is_later_than(year: int, month: int, day: int) -> bool:
+    today = datetime.date.today()
+    given = datetime.date(year, month, day)
+
+    return today > given
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/deprecation.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/deprecation.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72bd6f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/deprecation.py
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+"""
+A module that implements tooling to enable easy warnings about deprecations.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import warnings
+from typing import Any, Optional, TextIO, Type, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse
+
+from pip import __version__ as current_version  # NOTE: tests patch this name.
+
+DEPRECATION_MSG_PREFIX = "DEPRECATION: "
+
+
+class PipDeprecationWarning(Warning):
+    pass
+
+
+_original_showwarning: Any = None
+
+
+# Warnings <-> Logging Integration
+def _showwarning(
+    message: Union[Warning, str],
+    category: Type[Warning],
+    filename: str,
+    lineno: int,
+    file: Optional[TextIO] = None,
+    line: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> None:
+    if file is not None:
+        if _original_showwarning is not None:
+            _original_showwarning(message, category, filename, lineno, file, line)
+    elif issubclass(category, PipDeprecationWarning):
+        # We use a specially named logger which will handle all of the
+        # deprecation messages for pip.
+        logger = logging.getLogger("pip._internal.deprecations")
+        logger.warning(message)
+    else:
+        _original_showwarning(message, category, filename, lineno, file, line)
+
+
+def install_warning_logger() -> None:
+    # Enable our Deprecation Warnings
+    warnings.simplefilter("default", PipDeprecationWarning, append=True)
+
+    global _original_showwarning
+
+    if _original_showwarning is None:
+        _original_showwarning = warnings.showwarning
+        warnings.showwarning = _showwarning
+
+
+def deprecated(
+    *,
+    reason: str,
+    replacement: Optional[str],
+    gone_in: Optional[str],
+    feature_flag: Optional[str] = None,
+    issue: Optional[int] = None,
+) -> None:
+    """Helper to deprecate existing functionality.
+
+    reason:
+        Textual reason shown to the user about why this functionality has
+        been deprecated. Should be a complete sentence.
+    replacement:
+        Textual suggestion shown to the user about what alternative
+        functionality they can use.
+    gone_in:
+        The version of pip does this functionality should get removed in.
+        Raises an error if pip's current version is greater than or equal to
+        this.
+    feature_flag:
+        Command-line flag of the form --use-feature={feature_flag} for testing
+        upcoming functionality.
+    issue:
+        Issue number on the tracker that would serve as a useful place for
+        users to find related discussion and provide feedback.
+    """
+
+    # Determine whether or not the feature is already gone in this version.
+    is_gone = gone_in is not None and parse(current_version) >= parse(gone_in)
+
+    message_parts = [
+        (reason, f"{DEPRECATION_MSG_PREFIX}{{}}"),
+        (
+            gone_in,
+            "pip {} will enforce this behaviour change."
+            if not is_gone
+            else "Since pip {}, this is no longer supported.",
+        ),
+        (
+            replacement,
+            "A possible replacement is {}.",
+        ),
+        (
+            feature_flag,
+            "You can use the flag --use-feature={} to test the upcoming behaviour."
+            if not is_gone
+            else None,
+        ),
+        (
+            issue,
+            "Discussion can be found at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/{}",
+        ),
+    ]
+
+    message = " ".join(
+        format_str.format(value)
+        for value, format_str in message_parts
+        if format_str is not None and value is not None
+    )
+
+    # Raise as an error if this behaviour is deprecated.
+    if is_gone:
+        raise PipDeprecationWarning(message)
+
+    warnings.warn(message, category=PipDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/direct_url_helpers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/direct_url_helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e8e5e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/direct_url_helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pip._internal.models.direct_url import ArchiveInfo, DirectUrl, DirInfo, VcsInfo
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import path_to_url
+from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+
+
+def direct_url_as_pep440_direct_reference(direct_url: DirectUrl, name: str) -> str:
+    """Convert a DirectUrl to a pip requirement string."""
+    direct_url.validate()  # if invalid, this is a pip bug
+    requirement = name + " @ "
+    fragments = []
+    if isinstance(direct_url.info, VcsInfo):
+        requirement += "{}+{}@{}".format(
+            direct_url.info.vcs, direct_url.url, direct_url.info.commit_id
+        )
+    elif isinstance(direct_url.info, ArchiveInfo):
+        requirement += direct_url.url
+        if direct_url.info.hash:
+            fragments.append(direct_url.info.hash)
+    else:
+        assert isinstance(direct_url.info, DirInfo)
+        requirement += direct_url.url
+    if direct_url.subdirectory:
+        fragments.append("subdirectory=" + direct_url.subdirectory)
+    if fragments:
+        requirement += "#" + "&".join(fragments)
+    return requirement
+
+
+def direct_url_for_editable(source_dir: str) -> DirectUrl:
+    return DirectUrl(
+        url=path_to_url(source_dir),
+        info=DirInfo(editable=True),
+    )
+
+
+def direct_url_from_link(
+    link: Link, source_dir: Optional[str] = None, link_is_in_wheel_cache: bool = False
+) -> DirectUrl:
+    if link.is_vcs:
+        vcs_backend = vcs.get_backend_for_scheme(link.scheme)
+        assert vcs_backend
+        url, requested_revision, _ = vcs_backend.get_url_rev_and_auth(
+            link.url_without_fragment
+        )
+        # For VCS links, we need to find out and add commit_id.
+        if link_is_in_wheel_cache:
+            # If the requested VCS link corresponds to a cached
+            # wheel, it means the requested revision was an
+            # immutable commit hash, otherwise it would not have
+            # been cached. In that case we don't have a source_dir
+            # with the VCS checkout.
+            assert requested_revision
+            commit_id = requested_revision
+        else:
+            # If the wheel was not in cache, it means we have
+            # had to checkout from VCS to build and we have a source_dir
+            # which we can inspect to find out the commit id.
+            assert source_dir
+            commit_id = vcs_backend.get_revision(source_dir)
+        return DirectUrl(
+            url=url,
+            info=VcsInfo(
+                vcs=vcs_backend.name,
+                commit_id=commit_id,
+                requested_revision=requested_revision,
+            ),
+            subdirectory=link.subdirectory_fragment,
+        )
+    elif link.is_existing_dir():
+        return DirectUrl(
+            url=link.url_without_fragment,
+            info=DirInfo(),
+            subdirectory=link.subdirectory_fragment,
+        )
+    else:
+        hash = None
+        hash_name = link.hash_name
+        if hash_name:
+            hash = f"{hash_name}={link.hash}"
+        return DirectUrl(
+            url=link.url_without_fragment,
+            info=ArchiveInfo(hash=hash),
+            subdirectory=link.subdirectory_fragment,
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/distutils_args.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/distutils_args.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4aa5b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/distutils_args.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsArgError
+from distutils.fancy_getopt import FancyGetopt
+from typing import Dict, List
+
+_options = [
+    ("exec-prefix=", None, ""),
+    ("home=", None, ""),
+    ("install-base=", None, ""),
+    ("install-data=", None, ""),
+    ("install-headers=", None, ""),
+    ("install-lib=", None, ""),
+    ("install-platlib=", None, ""),
+    ("install-purelib=", None, ""),
+    ("install-scripts=", None, ""),
+    ("prefix=", None, ""),
+    ("root=", None, ""),
+    ("user", None, ""),
+]
+
+
+# typeshed doesn't permit Tuple[str, None, str], see python/typeshed#3469.
+_distutils_getopt = FancyGetopt(_options)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def parse_distutils_args(args: List[str]) -> Dict[str, str]:
+    """Parse provided arguments, returning an object that has the
+    matched arguments.
+
+    Any unknown arguments are ignored.
+    """
+    result = {}
+    for arg in args:
+        try:
+            _, match = _distutils_getopt.getopt(args=[arg])
+        except DistutilsArgError:
+            # We don't care about any other options, which here may be
+            # considered unrecognized since our option list is not
+            # exhaustive.
+            pass
+        else:
+            result.update(match.__dict__)
+    return result
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/egg_link.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/egg_link.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e0da8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/egg_link.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
+# mypy: strict-optional=False
+
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pip._internal.locations import site_packages, user_site
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import (
+    running_under_virtualenv,
+    virtualenv_no_global,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "egg_link_path_from_sys_path",
+    "egg_link_path_from_location",
+]
+
+
+def _egg_link_name(raw_name: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Convert a Name metadata value to a .egg-link name, by applying
+    the same substitution as pkg_resources's safe_name function.
+    Note: we cannot use canonicalize_name because it has a different logic.
+    """
+    return re.sub("[^A-Za-z0-9.]+", "-", raw_name) + ".egg-link"
+
+
+def egg_link_path_from_sys_path(raw_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Look for a .egg-link file for project name, by walking sys.path.
+    """
+    egg_link_name = _egg_link_name(raw_name)
+    for path_item in sys.path:
+        egg_link = os.path.join(path_item, egg_link_name)
+        if os.path.isfile(egg_link):
+            return egg_link
+    return None
+
+
+def egg_link_path_from_location(raw_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Return the path for the .egg-link file if it exists, otherwise, None.
+
+    There's 3 scenarios:
+    1) not in a virtualenv
+       try to find in site.USER_SITE, then site_packages
+    2) in a no-global virtualenv
+       try to find in site_packages
+    3) in a yes-global virtualenv
+       try to find in site_packages, then site.USER_SITE
+       (don't look in global location)
+
+    For #1 and #3, there could be odd cases, where there's an egg-link in 2
+    locations.
+
+    This method will just return the first one found.
+    """
+    sites = []
+    if running_under_virtualenv():
+        sites.append(site_packages)
+        if not virtualenv_no_global() and user_site:
+            sites.append(user_site)
+    else:
+        if user_site:
+            sites.append(user_site)
+        sites.append(site_packages)
+
+    egg_link_name = _egg_link_name(raw_name)
+    for site in sites:
+        egglink = os.path.join(site, egg_link_name)
+        if os.path.isfile(egglink):
+            return egglink
+    return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/encoding.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/encoding.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c73f6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/encoding.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import codecs
+import locale
+import re
+import sys
+from typing import List, Tuple
+
+BOMS: List[Tuple[bytes, str]] = [
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF8, "utf-8"),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF16, "utf-16"),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE, "utf-16-be"),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE, "utf-16-le"),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF32, "utf-32"),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE, "utf-32-be"),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE, "utf-32-le"),
+]
+
+ENCODING_RE = re.compile(br"coding[:=]\s*([-\w.]+)")
+
+
+def auto_decode(data: bytes) -> str:
+    """Check a bytes string for a BOM to correctly detect the encoding
+
+    Fallback to locale.getpreferredencoding(False) like open() on Python3"""
+    for bom, encoding in BOMS:
+        if data.startswith(bom):
+            return data[len(bom) :].decode(encoding)
+    # Lets check the first two lines as in PEP263
+    for line in data.split(b"\n")[:2]:
+        if line[0:1] == b"#" and ENCODING_RE.search(line):
+            result = ENCODING_RE.search(line)
+            assert result is not None
+            encoding = result.groups()[0].decode("ascii")
+            return data.decode(encoding)
+    return data.decode(
+        locale.getpreferredencoding(False) or sys.getdefaultencoding(),
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/entrypoints.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/entrypoints.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1504a12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/entrypoints.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import sys
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+from pip._internal.cli.main import main
+
+
+def _wrapper(args: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> int:
+    """Central wrapper for all old entrypoints.
+
+    Historically pip has had several entrypoints defined. Because of issues
+    arising from PATH, sys.path, multiple Pythons, their interactions, and most
+    of them having a pip installed, users suffer every time an entrypoint gets
+    moved.
+
+    To alleviate this pain, and provide a mechanism for warning users and
+    directing them to an appropriate place for help, we now define all of
+    our old entrypoints as wrappers for the current one.
+    """
+    sys.stderr.write(
+        "WARNING: pip is being invoked by an old script wrapper. This will "
+        "fail in a future version of pip.\n"
+        "Please see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/5599 for advice on "
+        "fixing the underlying issue.\n"
+        "To avoid this problem you can invoke Python with '-m pip' instead of "
+        "running pip directly.\n"
+    )
+    return main(args)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/filesystem.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/filesystem.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7e6191
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/filesystem.py
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+import fnmatch
+import os
+import os.path
+import random
+import shutil
+import stat
+import sys
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
+from typing import Any, BinaryIO, Iterator, List, Union, cast
+
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import retry, stop_after_delay, wait_fixed
+
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import get_path_uid
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import format_size
+
+
+def check_path_owner(path: str) -> bool:
+    # If we don't have a way to check the effective uid of this process, then
+    # we'll just assume that we own the directory.
+    if sys.platform == "win32" or not hasattr(os, "geteuid"):
+        return True
+
+    assert os.path.isabs(path)
+
+    previous = None
+    while path != previous:
+        if os.path.lexists(path):
+            # Check if path is writable by current user.
+            if os.geteuid() == 0:
+                # Special handling for root user in order to handle properly
+                # cases where users use sudo without -H flag.
+                try:
+                    path_uid = get_path_uid(path)
+                except OSError:
+                    return False
+                return path_uid == 0
+            else:
+                return os.access(path, os.W_OK)
+        else:
+            previous, path = path, os.path.dirname(path)
+    return False  # assume we don't own the path
+
+
+def copy2_fixed(src: str, dest: str) -> None:
+    """Wrap shutil.copy2() but map errors copying socket files to
+    SpecialFileError as expected.
+
+    See also https://bugs.python.org/issue37700.
+    """
+    try:
+        shutil.copy2(src, dest)
+    except OSError:
+        for f in [src, dest]:
+            try:
+                is_socket_file = is_socket(f)
+            except OSError:
+                # An error has already occurred. Another error here is not
+                # a problem and we can ignore it.
+                pass
+            else:
+                if is_socket_file:
+                    raise shutil.SpecialFileError(f"`{f}` is a socket")
+
+        raise
+
+
+def is_socket(path: str) -> bool:
+    return stat.S_ISSOCK(os.lstat(path).st_mode)
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def adjacent_tmp_file(path: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Iterator[BinaryIO]:
+    """Return a file-like object pointing to a tmp file next to path.
+
+    The file is created securely and is ensured to be written to disk
+    after the context reaches its end.
+
+    kwargs will be passed to tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile to control
+    the way the temporary file will be opened.
+    """
+    with NamedTemporaryFile(
+        delete=False,
+        dir=os.path.dirname(path),
+        prefix=os.path.basename(path),
+        suffix=".tmp",
+        **kwargs,
+    ) as f:
+        result = cast(BinaryIO, f)
+        try:
+            yield result
+        finally:
+            result.flush()
+            os.fsync(result.fileno())
+
+
+# Tenacity raises RetryError by default, explicitly raise the original exception
+_replace_retry = retry(reraise=True, stop=stop_after_delay(1), wait=wait_fixed(0.25))
+
+replace = _replace_retry(os.replace)
+
+
+# test_writable_dir and _test_writable_dir_win are copied from Flit,
+# with the author's agreement to also place them under pip's license.
+def test_writable_dir(path: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if a directory is writable.
+
+    Uses os.access() on POSIX, tries creating files on Windows.
+    """
+    # If the directory doesn't exist, find the closest parent that does.
+    while not os.path.isdir(path):
+        parent = os.path.dirname(path)
+        if parent == path:
+            break  # Should never get here, but infinite loops are bad
+        path = parent
+
+    if os.name == "posix":
+        return os.access(path, os.W_OK)
+
+    return _test_writable_dir_win(path)
+
+
+def _test_writable_dir_win(path: str) -> bool:
+    # os.access doesn't work on Windows: http://bugs.python.org/issue2528
+    # and we can't use tempfile: http://bugs.python.org/issue22107
+    basename = "accesstest_deleteme_fishfingers_custard_"
+    alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789"
+    for _ in range(10):
+        name = basename + "".join(random.choice(alphabet) for _ in range(6))
+        file = os.path.join(path, name)
+        try:
+            fd = os.open(file, os.O_RDWR | os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL)
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+        except PermissionError:
+            # This could be because there's a directory with the same name.
+            # But it's highly unlikely there's a directory called that,
+            # so we'll assume it's because the parent dir is not writable.
+            # This could as well be because the parent dir is not readable,
+            # due to non-privileged user access.
+            return False
+        else:
+            os.close(fd)
+            os.unlink(file)
+            return True
+
+    # This should never be reached
+    raise OSError("Unexpected condition testing for writable directory")
+
+
+def find_files(path: str, pattern: str) -> List[str]:
+    """Returns a list of absolute paths of files beneath path, recursively,
+    with filenames which match the UNIX-style shell glob pattern."""
+    result: List[str] = []
+    for root, _, files in os.walk(path):
+        matches = fnmatch.filter(files, pattern)
+        result.extend(os.path.join(root, f) for f in matches)
+    return result
+
+
+def file_size(path: str) -> Union[int, float]:
+    # If it's a symlink, return 0.
+    if os.path.islink(path):
+        return 0
+    return os.path.getsize(path)
+
+
+def format_file_size(path: str) -> str:
+    return format_size(file_size(path))
+
+
+def directory_size(path: str) -> Union[int, float]:
+    size = 0.0
+    for root, _dirs, files in os.walk(path):
+        for filename in files:
+            file_path = os.path.join(root, filename)
+            size += file_size(file_path)
+    return size
+
+
+def format_directory_size(path: str) -> str:
+    return format_size(directory_size(path))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/filetypes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/filetypes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5948570
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/filetypes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+"""Filetype information.
+"""
+
+from typing import Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import splitext
+
+WHEEL_EXTENSION = ".whl"
+BZ2_EXTENSIONS: Tuple[str, ...] = (".tar.bz2", ".tbz")
+XZ_EXTENSIONS: Tuple[str, ...] = (
+    ".tar.xz",
+    ".txz",
+    ".tlz",
+    ".tar.lz",
+    ".tar.lzma",
+)
+ZIP_EXTENSIONS: Tuple[str, ...] = (".zip", WHEEL_EXTENSION)
+TAR_EXTENSIONS: Tuple[str, ...] = (".tar.gz", ".tgz", ".tar")
+ARCHIVE_EXTENSIONS = ZIP_EXTENSIONS + BZ2_EXTENSIONS + TAR_EXTENSIONS + XZ_EXTENSIONS
+
+
+def is_archive_file(name: str) -> bool:
+    """Return True if `name` is a considered as an archive file."""
+    ext = splitext(name)[1].lower()
+    if ext in ARCHIVE_EXTENSIONS:
+        return True
+    return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7bd3c20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
+# mypy: strict-optional=False
+
+import os
+import sys
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+
+def glibc_version_string() -> Optional[str]:
+    "Returns glibc version string, or None if not using glibc."
+    return glibc_version_string_confstr() or glibc_version_string_ctypes()
+
+
+def glibc_version_string_confstr() -> Optional[str]:
+    "Primary implementation of glibc_version_string using os.confstr."
+    # os.confstr is quite a bit faster than ctypes.DLL. It's also less likely
+    # to be broken or missing. This strategy is used in the standard library
+    # platform module:
+    # https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/fcf1d003bf4f0100c9d0921ff3d70e1127ca1b71/Lib/platform.py#L175-L183
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        return None
+    try:
+        # os.confstr("CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION") returns a string like "glibc 2.17":
+        _, version = os.confstr("CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION").split()
+    except (AttributeError, OSError, ValueError):
+        # os.confstr() or CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION not available (or a bad value)...
+        return None
+    return version
+
+
+def glibc_version_string_ctypes() -> Optional[str]:
+    "Fallback implementation of glibc_version_string using ctypes."
+
+    try:
+        import ctypes
+    except ImportError:
+        return None
+
+    # ctypes.CDLL(None) internally calls dlopen(NULL), and as the dlopen
+    # manpage says, "If filename is NULL, then the returned handle is for the
+    # main program". This way we can let the linker do the work to figure out
+    # which libc our process is actually using.
+    process_namespace = ctypes.CDLL(None)
+    try:
+        gnu_get_libc_version = process_namespace.gnu_get_libc_version
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Symbol doesn't exist -> therefore, we are not linked to
+        # glibc.
+        return None
+
+    # Call gnu_get_libc_version, which returns a string like "2.5"
+    gnu_get_libc_version.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
+    version_str = gnu_get_libc_version()
+    # py2 / py3 compatibility:
+    if not isinstance(version_str, str):
+        version_str = version_str.decode("ascii")
+
+    return version_str
+
+
+# platform.libc_ver regularly returns completely nonsensical glibc
+# versions. E.g. on my computer, platform says:
+#
+#   ~$ python2.7 -c 'import platform; print(platform.libc_ver())'
+#   ('glibc', '2.7')
+#   ~$ python3.5 -c 'import platform; print(platform.libc_ver())'
+#   ('glibc', '2.9')
+#
+# But the truth is:
+#
+#   ~$ ldd --version
+#   ldd (Debian GLIBC 2.22-11) 2.22
+#
+# This is unfortunate, because it means that the linehaul data on libc
+# versions that was generated by pip 8.1.2 and earlier is useless and
+# misleading. Solution: instead of using platform, use our code that actually
+# works.
+def libc_ver() -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    """Try to determine the glibc version
+
+    Returns a tuple of strings (lib, version) which default to empty strings
+    in case the lookup fails.
+    """
+    glibc_version = glibc_version_string()
+    if glibc_version is None:
+        return ("", "")
+    else:
+        return ("glibc", glibc_version)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/hashes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/hashes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82eb035
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/hashes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+import hashlib
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, BinaryIO, Dict, Iterator, List
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import HashMismatch, HashMissing, InstallationError
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import read_chunks
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from hashlib import _Hash
+
+    # NoReturn introduced in 3.6.2; imported only for type checking to maintain
+    # pip compatibility with older patch versions of Python 3.6
+    from typing import NoReturn
+
+
+# The recommended hash algo of the moment. Change this whenever the state of
+# the art changes; it won't hurt backward compatibility.
+FAVORITE_HASH = "sha256"
+
+
+# Names of hashlib algorithms allowed by the --hash option and ``pip hash``
+# Currently, those are the ones at least as collision-resistant as sha256.
+STRONG_HASHES = ["sha256", "sha384", "sha512"]
+
+
+class Hashes:
+    """A wrapper that builds multiple hashes at once and checks them against
+    known-good values
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, hashes: Dict[str, List[str]] = None) -> None:
+        """
+        :param hashes: A dict of algorithm names pointing to lists of allowed
+            hex digests
+        """
+        allowed = {}
+        if hashes is not None:
+            for alg, keys in hashes.items():
+                # Make sure values are always sorted (to ease equality checks)
+                allowed[alg] = sorted(keys)
+        self._allowed = allowed
+
+    def __and__(self, other: "Hashes") -> "Hashes":
+        if not isinstance(other, Hashes):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        # If either of the Hashes object is entirely empty (i.e. no hash
+        # specified at all), all hashes from the other object are allowed.
+        if not other:
+            return self
+        if not self:
+            return other
+
+        # Otherwise only hashes that present in both objects are allowed.
+        new = {}
+        for alg, values in other._allowed.items():
+            if alg not in self._allowed:
+                continue
+            new[alg] = [v for v in values if v in self._allowed[alg]]
+        return Hashes(new)
+
+    @property
+    def digest_count(self) -> int:
+        return sum(len(digests) for digests in self._allowed.values())
+
+    def is_hash_allowed(self, hash_name: str, hex_digest: str) -> bool:
+        """Return whether the given hex digest is allowed."""
+        return hex_digest in self._allowed.get(hash_name, [])
+
+    def check_against_chunks(self, chunks: Iterator[bytes]) -> None:
+        """Check good hashes against ones built from iterable of chunks of
+        data.
+
+        Raise HashMismatch if none match.
+
+        """
+        gots = {}
+        for hash_name in self._allowed.keys():
+            try:
+                gots[hash_name] = hashlib.new(hash_name)
+            except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                raise InstallationError(f"Unknown hash name: {hash_name}")
+
+        for chunk in chunks:
+            for hash in gots.values():
+                hash.update(chunk)
+
+        for hash_name, got in gots.items():
+            if got.hexdigest() in self._allowed[hash_name]:
+                return
+        self._raise(gots)
+
+    def _raise(self, gots: Dict[str, "_Hash"]) -> "NoReturn":
+        raise HashMismatch(self._allowed, gots)
+
+    def check_against_file(self, file: BinaryIO) -> None:
+        """Check good hashes against a file-like object
+
+        Raise HashMismatch if none match.
+
+        """
+        return self.check_against_chunks(read_chunks(file))
+
+    def check_against_path(self, path: str) -> None:
+        with open(path, "rb") as file:
+            return self.check_against_file(file)
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        """Return whether I know any known-good hashes."""
+        return bool(self._allowed)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, Hashes):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self._allowed == other._allowed
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(
+            ",".join(
+                sorted(
+                    ":".join((alg, digest))
+                    for alg, digest_list in self._allowed.items()
+                    for digest in digest_list
+                )
+            )
+        )
+
+
+class MissingHashes(Hashes):
+    """A workalike for Hashes used when we're missing a hash for a requirement
+
+    It computes the actual hash of the requirement and raises a HashMissing
+    exception showing it to the user.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        """Don't offer the ``hashes`` kwarg."""
+        # Pass our favorite hash in to generate a "gotten hash". With the
+        # empty list, it will never match, so an error will always raise.
+        super().__init__(hashes={FAVORITE_HASH: []})
+
+    def _raise(self, gots: Dict[str, "_Hash"]) -> "NoReturn":
+        raise HashMissing(gots[FAVORITE_HASH].hexdigest())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/inject_securetransport.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/inject_securetransport.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..276aa79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/inject_securetransport.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""A helper module that injects SecureTransport, on import.
+
+The import should be done as early as possible, to ensure all requests and
+sessions (or whatever) are created after injecting SecureTransport.
+
+Note that we only do the injection on macOS, when the linked OpenSSL is too
+old to handle TLSv1.2.
+"""
+
+import sys
+
+
+def inject_securetransport() -> None:
+    # Only relevant on macOS
+    if sys.platform != "darwin":
+        return
+
+    try:
+        import ssl
+    except ImportError:
+        return
+
+    # Checks for OpenSSL 1.0.1
+    if ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x1000100F:
+        return
+
+    try:
+        from pip._vendor.urllib3.contrib import securetransport
+    except (ImportError, OSError):
+        return
+
+    securetransport.inject_into_urllib3()
+
+
+inject_securetransport()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/logging.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/logging.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e001c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/logging.py
@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+import contextlib
+import errno
+import logging
+import logging.handlers
+import os
+import sys
+import threading
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from logging import Filter
+from typing import IO, Any, ClassVar, Iterator, List, Optional, TextIO, Type
+
+from pip._vendor.rich.console import (
+    Console,
+    ConsoleOptions,
+    ConsoleRenderable,
+    RenderResult,
+)
+from pip._vendor.rich.highlighter import NullHighlighter
+from pip._vendor.rich.logging import RichHandler
+from pip._vendor.rich.segment import Segment
+from pip._vendor.rich.style import Style
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import DiagnosticPipError
+from pip._internal.utils._log import VERBOSE, getLogger
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.deprecation import DEPRECATION_MSG_PREFIX
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir
+
+_log_state = threading.local()
+subprocess_logger = getLogger("pip.subprocessor")
+
+
+class BrokenStdoutLoggingError(Exception):
+    """
+    Raised if BrokenPipeError occurs for the stdout stream while logging.
+    """
+
+
+def _is_broken_pipe_error(exc_class: Type[BaseException], exc: BaseException) -> bool:
+    if exc_class is BrokenPipeError:
+        return True
+
+    # On Windows, a broken pipe can show up as EINVAL rather than EPIPE:
+    # https://bugs.python.org/issue19612
+    # https://bugs.python.org/issue30418
+    if not WINDOWS:
+        return False
+
+    return isinstance(exc, OSError) and exc.errno in (errno.EINVAL, errno.EPIPE)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def indent_log(num: int = 2) -> Iterator[None]:
+    """
+    A context manager which will cause the log output to be indented for any
+    log messages emitted inside it.
+    """
+    # For thread-safety
+    _log_state.indentation = get_indentation()
+    _log_state.indentation += num
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        _log_state.indentation -= num
+
+
+def get_indentation() -> int:
+    return getattr(_log_state, "indentation", 0)
+
+
+class IndentingFormatter(logging.Formatter):
+    default_time_format = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *args: Any,
+        add_timestamp: bool = False,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        A logging.Formatter that obeys the indent_log() context manager.
+
+        :param add_timestamp: A bool indicating output lines should be prefixed
+            with their record's timestamp.
+        """
+        self.add_timestamp = add_timestamp
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def get_message_start(self, formatted: str, levelno: int) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the start of the formatted log message (not counting the
+        prefix to add to each line).
+        """
+        if levelno < logging.WARNING:
+            return ""
+        if formatted.startswith(DEPRECATION_MSG_PREFIX):
+            # Then the message already has a prefix.  We don't want it to
+            # look like "WARNING: DEPRECATION: ...."
+            return ""
+        if levelno < logging.ERROR:
+            return "WARNING: "
+
+        return "ERROR: "
+
+    def format(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> str:
+        """
+        Calls the standard formatter, but will indent all of the log message
+        lines by our current indentation level.
+        """
+        formatted = super().format(record)
+        message_start = self.get_message_start(formatted, record.levelno)
+        formatted = message_start + formatted
+
+        prefix = ""
+        if self.add_timestamp:
+            prefix = f"{self.formatTime(record)} "
+        prefix += " " * get_indentation()
+        formatted = "".join([prefix + line for line in formatted.splitlines(True)])
+        return formatted
+
+
+@dataclass
+class IndentedRenderable:
+    renderable: ConsoleRenderable
+    indent: int
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        segments = console.render(self.renderable, options)
+        lines = Segment.split_lines(segments)
+        for line in lines:
+            yield Segment(" " * self.indent)
+            yield from line
+            yield Segment("\n")
+
+
+class RichPipStreamHandler(RichHandler):
+    KEYWORDS: ClassVar[Optional[List[str]]] = []
+
+    def __init__(self, stream: Optional[TextIO], no_color: bool) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            console=Console(file=stream, no_color=no_color, soft_wrap=True),
+            show_time=False,
+            show_level=False,
+            show_path=False,
+            highlighter=NullHighlighter(),
+        )
+
+    # Our custom override on Rich's logger, to make things work as we need them to.
+    def emit(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> None:
+        style: Optional[Style] = None
+
+        # If we are given a diagnostic error to present, present it with indentation.
+        if record.msg == "[present-diagnostic] %s" and len(record.args) == 1:
+            diagnostic_error: DiagnosticPipError = record.args[0]  # type: ignore[index]
+            assert isinstance(diagnostic_error, DiagnosticPipError)
+
+            renderable: ConsoleRenderable = IndentedRenderable(
+                diagnostic_error, indent=get_indentation()
+            )
+        else:
+            message = self.format(record)
+            renderable = self.render_message(record, message)
+            if record.levelno is not None:
+                if record.levelno >= logging.ERROR:
+                    style = Style(color="red")
+                elif record.levelno >= logging.WARNING:
+                    style = Style(color="yellow")
+
+        try:
+            self.console.print(renderable, overflow="ignore", crop=False, style=style)
+        except Exception:
+            self.handleError(record)
+
+    def handleError(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> None:
+        """Called when logging is unable to log some output."""
+
+        exc_class, exc = sys.exc_info()[:2]
+        # If a broken pipe occurred while calling write() or flush() on the
+        # stdout stream in logging's Handler.emit(), then raise our special
+        # exception so we can handle it in main() instead of logging the
+        # broken pipe error and continuing.
+        if (
+            exc_class
+            and exc
+            and self.console.file is sys.stdout
+            and _is_broken_pipe_error(exc_class, exc)
+        ):
+            raise BrokenStdoutLoggingError()
+
+        return super().handleError(record)
+
+
+class BetterRotatingFileHandler(logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler):
+    def _open(self) -> IO[Any]:
+        ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(self.baseFilename))
+        return super()._open()
+
+
+class MaxLevelFilter(Filter):
+    def __init__(self, level: int) -> None:
+        self.level = level
+
+    def filter(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> bool:
+        return record.levelno < self.level
+
+
+class ExcludeLoggerFilter(Filter):
+
+    """
+    A logging Filter that excludes records from a logger (or its children).
+    """
+
+    def filter(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> bool:
+        # The base Filter class allows only records from a logger (or its
+        # children).
+        return not super().filter(record)
+
+
+def setup_logging(verbosity: int, no_color: bool, user_log_file: Optional[str]) -> int:
+    """Configures and sets up all of the logging
+
+    Returns the requested logging level, as its integer value.
+    """
+
+    # Determine the level to be logging at.
+    if verbosity >= 2:
+        level_number = logging.DEBUG
+    elif verbosity == 1:
+        level_number = VERBOSE
+    elif verbosity == -1:
+        level_number = logging.WARNING
+    elif verbosity == -2:
+        level_number = logging.ERROR
+    elif verbosity <= -3:
+        level_number = logging.CRITICAL
+    else:
+        level_number = logging.INFO
+
+    level = logging.getLevelName(level_number)
+
+    # The "root" logger should match the "console" level *unless* we also need
+    # to log to a user log file.
+    include_user_log = user_log_file is not None
+    if include_user_log:
+        additional_log_file = user_log_file
+        root_level = "DEBUG"
+    else:
+        additional_log_file = "/dev/null"
+        root_level = level
+
+    # Disable any logging besides WARNING unless we have DEBUG level logging
+    # enabled for vendored libraries.
+    vendored_log_level = "WARNING" if level in ["INFO", "ERROR"] else "DEBUG"
+
+    # Shorthands for clarity
+    log_streams = {
+        "stdout": "ext://sys.stdout",
+        "stderr": "ext://sys.stderr",
+    }
+    handler_classes = {
+        "stream": "pip._internal.utils.logging.RichPipStreamHandler",
+        "file": "pip._internal.utils.logging.BetterRotatingFileHandler",
+    }
+    handlers = ["console", "console_errors", "console_subprocess"] + (
+        ["user_log"] if include_user_log else []
+    )
+
+    logging.config.dictConfig(
+        {
+            "version": 1,
+            "disable_existing_loggers": False,
+            "filters": {
+                "exclude_warnings": {
+                    "()": "pip._internal.utils.logging.MaxLevelFilter",
+                    "level": logging.WARNING,
+                },
+                "restrict_to_subprocess": {
+                    "()": "logging.Filter",
+                    "name": subprocess_logger.name,
+                },
+                "exclude_subprocess": {
+                    "()": "pip._internal.utils.logging.ExcludeLoggerFilter",
+                    "name": subprocess_logger.name,
+                },
+            },
+            "formatters": {
+                "indent": {
+                    "()": IndentingFormatter,
+                    "format": "%(message)s",
+                },
+                "indent_with_timestamp": {
+                    "()": IndentingFormatter,
+                    "format": "%(message)s",
+                    "add_timestamp": True,
+                },
+            },
+            "handlers": {
+                "console": {
+                    "level": level,
+                    "class": handler_classes["stream"],
+                    "no_color": no_color,
+                    "stream": log_streams["stdout"],
+                    "filters": ["exclude_subprocess", "exclude_warnings"],
+                    "formatter": "indent",
+                },
+                "console_errors": {
+                    "level": "WARNING",
+                    "class": handler_classes["stream"],
+                    "no_color": no_color,
+                    "stream": log_streams["stderr"],
+                    "filters": ["exclude_subprocess"],
+                    "formatter": "indent",
+                },
+                # A handler responsible for logging to the console messages
+                # from the "subprocessor" logger.
+                "console_subprocess": {
+                    "level": level,
+                    "class": handler_classes["stream"],
+                    "stream": log_streams["stderr"],
+                    "no_color": no_color,
+                    "filters": ["restrict_to_subprocess"],
+                    "formatter": "indent",
+                },
+                "user_log": {
+                    "level": "DEBUG",
+                    "class": handler_classes["file"],
+                    "filename": additional_log_file,
+                    "encoding": "utf-8",
+                    "delay": True,
+                    "formatter": "indent_with_timestamp",
+                },
+            },
+            "root": {
+                "level": root_level,
+                "handlers": handlers,
+            },
+            "loggers": {"pip._vendor": {"level": vendored_log_level}},
+        }
+    )
+
+    return level_number
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b07e56f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,629 @@
+# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
+# mypy: strict-optional=False
+
+import contextlib
+import errno
+import getpass
+import hashlib
+import io
+import logging
+import os
+import posixpath
+import shutil
+import stat
+import sys
+import urllib.parse
+from io import StringIO
+from itertools import filterfalse, tee, zip_longest
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    BinaryIO,
+    Callable,
+    ContextManager,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    TextIO,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import retry, stop_after_delay, wait_fixed
+
+from pip import __version__
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.locations import get_major_minor_version
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv
+
+__all__ = [
+    "rmtree",
+    "display_path",
+    "backup_dir",
+    "ask",
+    "splitext",
+    "format_size",
+    "is_installable_dir",
+    "normalize_path",
+    "renames",
+    "get_prog",
+    "captured_stdout",
+    "ensure_dir",
+    "remove_auth_from_url",
+]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+ExcInfo = Tuple[Type[BaseException], BaseException, TracebackType]
+VersionInfo = Tuple[int, int, int]
+NetlocTuple = Tuple[str, Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str]]]
+
+
+def get_pip_version() -> str:
+    pip_pkg_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "..")
+    pip_pkg_dir = os.path.abspath(pip_pkg_dir)
+
+    return "pip {} from {} (python {})".format(
+        __version__,
+        pip_pkg_dir,
+        get_major_minor_version(),
+    )
+
+
+def normalize_version_info(py_version_info: Tuple[int, ...]) -> Tuple[int, int, int]:
+    """
+    Convert a tuple of ints representing a Python version to one of length
+    three.
+
+    :param py_version_info: a tuple of ints representing a Python version,
+        or None to specify no version. The tuple can have any length.
+
+    :return: a tuple of length three if `py_version_info` is non-None.
+        Otherwise, return `py_version_info` unchanged (i.e. None).
+    """
+    if len(py_version_info) < 3:
+        py_version_info += (3 - len(py_version_info)) * (0,)
+    elif len(py_version_info) > 3:
+        py_version_info = py_version_info[:3]
+
+    return cast("VersionInfo", py_version_info)
+
+
+def ensure_dir(path: str) -> None:
+    """os.path.makedirs without EEXIST."""
+    try:
+        os.makedirs(path)
+    except OSError as e:
+        # Windows can raise spurious ENOTEMPTY errors. See #6426.
+        if e.errno != errno.EEXIST and e.errno != errno.ENOTEMPTY:
+            raise
+
+
+def get_prog() -> str:
+    try:
+        prog = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
+        if prog in ("__main__.py", "-c"):
+            return f"{sys.executable} -m pip"
+        else:
+            return prog
+    except (AttributeError, TypeError, IndexError):
+        pass
+    return "pip"
+
+
+# Retry every half second for up to 3 seconds
+# Tenacity raises RetryError by default, explicitly raise the original exception
+@retry(reraise=True, stop=stop_after_delay(3), wait=wait_fixed(0.5))
+def rmtree(dir: str, ignore_errors: bool = False) -> None:
+    shutil.rmtree(dir, ignore_errors=ignore_errors, onerror=rmtree_errorhandler)
+
+
+def rmtree_errorhandler(func: Callable[..., Any], path: str, exc_info: ExcInfo) -> None:
+    """On Windows, the files in .svn are read-only, so when rmtree() tries to
+    remove them, an exception is thrown.  We catch that here, remove the
+    read-only attribute, and hopefully continue without problems."""
+    try:
+        has_attr_readonly = not (os.stat(path).st_mode & stat.S_IWRITE)
+    except OSError:
+        # it's equivalent to os.path.exists
+        return
+
+    if has_attr_readonly:
+        # convert to read/write
+        os.chmod(path, stat.S_IWRITE)
+        # use the original function to repeat the operation
+        func(path)
+        return
+    else:
+        raise
+
+
+def display_path(path: str) -> str:
+    """Gives the display value for a given path, making it relative to cwd
+    if possible."""
+    path = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(path))
+    if path.startswith(os.getcwd() + os.path.sep):
+        path = "." + path[len(os.getcwd()) :]
+    return path
+
+
+def backup_dir(dir: str, ext: str = ".bak") -> str:
+    """Figure out the name of a directory to back up the given dir to
+    (adding .bak, .bak2, etc)"""
+    n = 1
+    extension = ext
+    while os.path.exists(dir + extension):
+        n += 1
+        extension = ext + str(n)
+    return dir + extension
+
+
+def ask_path_exists(message: str, options: Iterable[str]) -> str:
+    for action in os.environ.get("PIP_EXISTS_ACTION", "").split():
+        if action in options:
+            return action
+    return ask(message, options)
+
+
+def _check_no_input(message: str) -> None:
+    """Raise an error if no input is allowed."""
+    if os.environ.get("PIP_NO_INPUT"):
+        raise Exception(
+            f"No input was expected ($PIP_NO_INPUT set); question: {message}"
+        )
+
+
+def ask(message: str, options: Iterable[str]) -> str:
+    """Ask the message interactively, with the given possible responses"""
+    while 1:
+        _check_no_input(message)
+        response = input(message)
+        response = response.strip().lower()
+        if response not in options:
+            print(
+                "Your response ({!r}) was not one of the expected responses: "
+                "{}".format(response, ", ".join(options))
+            )
+        else:
+            return response
+
+
+def ask_input(message: str) -> str:
+    """Ask for input interactively."""
+    _check_no_input(message)
+    return input(message)
+
+
+def ask_password(message: str) -> str:
+    """Ask for a password interactively."""
+    _check_no_input(message)
+    return getpass.getpass(message)
+
+
+def strtobool(val: str) -> int:
+    """Convert a string representation of truth to true (1) or false (0).
+
+    True values are 'y', 'yes', 't', 'true', 'on', and '1'; false values
+    are 'n', 'no', 'f', 'false', 'off', and '0'.  Raises ValueError if
+    'val' is anything else.
+    """
+    val = val.lower()
+    if val in ("y", "yes", "t", "true", "on", "1"):
+        return 1
+    elif val in ("n", "no", "f", "false", "off", "0"):
+        return 0
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid truth value {val!r}")
+
+
+def format_size(bytes: float) -> str:
+    if bytes > 1000 * 1000:
+        return "{:.1f} MB".format(bytes / 1000.0 / 1000)
+    elif bytes > 10 * 1000:
+        return "{} kB".format(int(bytes / 1000))
+    elif bytes > 1000:
+        return "{:.1f} kB".format(bytes / 1000.0)
+    else:
+        return "{} bytes".format(int(bytes))
+
+
+def tabulate(rows: Iterable[Iterable[Any]]) -> Tuple[List[str], List[int]]:
+    """Return a list of formatted rows and a list of column sizes.
+
+    For example::
+
+    >>> tabulate([['foobar', 2000], [0xdeadbeef]])
+    (['foobar     2000', '3735928559'], [10, 4])
+    """
+    rows = [tuple(map(str, row)) for row in rows]
+    sizes = [max(map(len, col)) for col in zip_longest(*rows, fillvalue="")]
+    table = [" ".join(map(str.ljust, row, sizes)).rstrip() for row in rows]
+    return table, sizes
+
+
+def is_installable_dir(path: str) -> bool:
+    """Is path is a directory containing pyproject.toml or setup.py?
+
+    If pyproject.toml exists, this is a PEP 517 project. Otherwise we look for
+    a legacy setuptools layout by identifying setup.py. We don't check for the
+    setup.cfg because using it without setup.py is only available for PEP 517
+    projects, which are already covered by the pyproject.toml check.
+    """
+    if not os.path.isdir(path):
+        return False
+    if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, "pyproject.toml")):
+        return True
+    if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, "setup.py")):
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def read_chunks(file: BinaryIO, size: int = io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE) -> Iterator[bytes]:
+    """Yield pieces of data from a file-like object until EOF."""
+    while True:
+        chunk = file.read(size)
+        if not chunk:
+            break
+        yield chunk
+
+
+def normalize_path(path: str, resolve_symlinks: bool = True) -> str:
+    """
+    Convert a path to its canonical, case-normalized, absolute version.
+
+    """
+    path = os.path.expanduser(path)
+    if resolve_symlinks:
+        path = os.path.realpath(path)
+    else:
+        path = os.path.abspath(path)
+    return os.path.normcase(path)
+
+
+def splitext(path: str) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    """Like os.path.splitext, but take off .tar too"""
+    base, ext = posixpath.splitext(path)
+    if base.lower().endswith(".tar"):
+        ext = base[-4:] + ext
+        base = base[:-4]
+    return base, ext
+
+
+def renames(old: str, new: str) -> None:
+    """Like os.renames(), but handles renaming across devices."""
+    # Implementation borrowed from os.renames().
+    head, tail = os.path.split(new)
+    if head and tail and not os.path.exists(head):
+        os.makedirs(head)
+
+    shutil.move(old, new)
+
+    head, tail = os.path.split(old)
+    if head and tail:
+        try:
+            os.removedirs(head)
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+
+def is_local(path: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    Return True if path is within sys.prefix, if we're running in a virtualenv.
+
+    If we're not in a virtualenv, all paths are considered "local."
+
+    Caution: this function assumes the head of path has been normalized
+    with normalize_path.
+    """
+    if not running_under_virtualenv():
+        return True
+    return path.startswith(normalize_path(sys.prefix))
+
+
+def write_output(msg: Any, *args: Any) -> None:
+    logger.info(msg, *args)
+
+
+class StreamWrapper(StringIO):
+    orig_stream: TextIO = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_stream(cls, orig_stream: TextIO) -> "StreamWrapper":
+        cls.orig_stream = orig_stream
+        return cls()
+
+    # compileall.compile_dir() needs stdout.encoding to print to stdout
+    # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/4125
+    @property
+    def encoding(self):  # type: ignore
+        return self.orig_stream.encoding
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def captured_output(stream_name: str) -> Iterator[StreamWrapper]:
+    """Return a context manager used by captured_stdout/stdin/stderr
+    that temporarily replaces the sys stream *stream_name* with a StringIO.
+
+    Taken from Lib/support/__init__.py in the CPython repo.
+    """
+    orig_stdout = getattr(sys, stream_name)
+    setattr(sys, stream_name, StreamWrapper.from_stream(orig_stdout))
+    try:
+        yield getattr(sys, stream_name)
+    finally:
+        setattr(sys, stream_name, orig_stdout)
+
+
+def captured_stdout() -> ContextManager[StreamWrapper]:
+    """Capture the output of sys.stdout:
+
+       with captured_stdout() as stdout:
+           print('hello')
+       self.assertEqual(stdout.getvalue(), 'hello\n')
+
+    Taken from Lib/support/__init__.py in the CPython repo.
+    """
+    return captured_output("stdout")
+
+
+def captured_stderr() -> ContextManager[StreamWrapper]:
+    """
+    See captured_stdout().
+    """
+    return captured_output("stderr")
+
+
+# Simulates an enum
+def enum(*sequential: Any, **named: Any) -> Type[Any]:
+    enums = dict(zip(sequential, range(len(sequential))), **named)
+    reverse = {value: key for key, value in enums.items()}
+    enums["reverse_mapping"] = reverse
+    return type("Enum", (), enums)
+
+
+def build_netloc(host: str, port: Optional[int]) -> str:
+    """
+    Build a netloc from a host-port pair
+    """
+    if port is None:
+        return host
+    if ":" in host:
+        # Only wrap host with square brackets when it is IPv6
+        host = f"[{host}]"
+    return f"{host}:{port}"
+
+
+def build_url_from_netloc(netloc: str, scheme: str = "https") -> str:
+    """
+    Build a full URL from a netloc.
+    """
+    if netloc.count(":") >= 2 and "@" not in netloc and "[" not in netloc:
+        # It must be a bare IPv6 address, so wrap it with brackets.
+        netloc = f"[{netloc}]"
+    return f"{scheme}://{netloc}"
+
+
+def parse_netloc(netloc: str) -> Tuple[str, Optional[int]]:
+    """
+    Return the host-port pair from a netloc.
+    """
+    url = build_url_from_netloc(netloc)
+    parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    return parsed.hostname, parsed.port
+
+
+def split_auth_from_netloc(netloc: str) -> NetlocTuple:
+    """
+    Parse out and remove the auth information from a netloc.
+
+    Returns: (netloc, (username, password)).
+    """
+    if "@" not in netloc:
+        return netloc, (None, None)
+
+    # Split from the right because that's how urllib.parse.urlsplit()
+    # behaves if more than one @ is present (which can be checked using
+    # the password attribute of urlsplit()'s return value).
+    auth, netloc = netloc.rsplit("@", 1)
+    pw: Optional[str] = None
+    if ":" in auth:
+        # Split from the left because that's how urllib.parse.urlsplit()
+        # behaves if more than one : is present (which again can be checked
+        # using the password attribute of the return value)
+        user, pw = auth.split(":", 1)
+    else:
+        user, pw = auth, None
+
+    user = urllib.parse.unquote(user)
+    if pw is not None:
+        pw = urllib.parse.unquote(pw)
+
+    return netloc, (user, pw)
+
+
+def redact_netloc(netloc: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Replace the sensitive data in a netloc with "****", if it exists.
+
+    For example:
+        - "user:pass@example.com" returns "user:****@example.com"
+        - "accesstoken@example.com" returns "****@example.com"
+    """
+    netloc, (user, password) = split_auth_from_netloc(netloc)
+    if user is None:
+        return netloc
+    if password is None:
+        user = "****"
+        password = ""
+    else:
+        user = urllib.parse.quote(user)
+        password = ":****"
+    return "{user}{password}@{netloc}".format(
+        user=user, password=password, netloc=netloc
+    )
+
+
+def _transform_url(
+    url: str, transform_netloc: Callable[[str], Tuple[Any, ...]]
+) -> Tuple[str, NetlocTuple]:
+    """Transform and replace netloc in a url.
+
+    transform_netloc is a function taking the netloc and returning a
+    tuple. The first element of this tuple is the new netloc. The
+    entire tuple is returned.
+
+    Returns a tuple containing the transformed url as item 0 and the
+    original tuple returned by transform_netloc as item 1.
+    """
+    purl = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
+    netloc_tuple = transform_netloc(purl.netloc)
+    # stripped url
+    url_pieces = (purl.scheme, netloc_tuple[0], purl.path, purl.query, purl.fragment)
+    surl = urllib.parse.urlunsplit(url_pieces)
+    return surl, cast("NetlocTuple", netloc_tuple)
+
+
+def _get_netloc(netloc: str) -> NetlocTuple:
+    return split_auth_from_netloc(netloc)
+
+
+def _redact_netloc(netloc: str) -> Tuple[str]:
+    return (redact_netloc(netloc),)
+
+
+def split_auth_netloc_from_url(url: str) -> Tuple[str, str, Tuple[str, str]]:
+    """
+    Parse a url into separate netloc, auth, and url with no auth.
+
+    Returns: (url_without_auth, netloc, (username, password))
+    """
+    url_without_auth, (netloc, auth) = _transform_url(url, _get_netloc)
+    return url_without_auth, netloc, auth
+
+
+def remove_auth_from_url(url: str) -> str:
+    """Return a copy of url with 'username:password@' removed."""
+    # username/pass params are passed to subversion through flags
+    # and are not recognized in the url.
+    return _transform_url(url, _get_netloc)[0]
+
+
+def redact_auth_from_url(url: str) -> str:
+    """Replace the password in a given url with ****."""
+    return _transform_url(url, _redact_netloc)[0]
+
+
+class HiddenText:
+    def __init__(self, secret: str, redacted: str) -> None:
+        self.secret = secret
+        self.redacted = redacted
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<HiddenText {!r}>".format(str(self))
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.redacted
+
+    # This is useful for testing.
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if type(self) != type(other):
+            return False
+
+        # The string being used for redaction doesn't also have to match,
+        # just the raw, original string.
+        return self.secret == other.secret
+
+
+def hide_value(value: str) -> HiddenText:
+    return HiddenText(value, redacted="****")
+
+
+def hide_url(url: str) -> HiddenText:
+    redacted = redact_auth_from_url(url)
+    return HiddenText(url, redacted=redacted)
+
+
+def protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows(modifying_pip: bool) -> None:
+    """Protection of pip.exe from modification on Windows
+
+    On Windows, any operation modifying pip should be run as:
+        python -m pip ...
+    """
+    pip_names = [
+        "pip.exe",
+        "pip{}.exe".format(sys.version_info[0]),
+        "pip{}.{}.exe".format(*sys.version_info[:2]),
+    ]
+
+    # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1299 for more discussion
+    should_show_use_python_msg = (
+        modifying_pip and WINDOWS and os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]) in pip_names
+    )
+
+    if should_show_use_python_msg:
+        new_command = [sys.executable, "-m", "pip"] + sys.argv[1:]
+        raise CommandError(
+            "To modify pip, please run the following command:\n{}".format(
+                " ".join(new_command)
+            )
+        )
+
+
+def is_console_interactive() -> bool:
+    """Is this console interactive?"""
+    return sys.stdin is not None and sys.stdin.isatty()
+
+
+def hash_file(path: str, blocksize: int = 1 << 20) -> Tuple[Any, int]:
+    """Return (hash, length) for path using hashlib.sha256()"""
+
+    h = hashlib.sha256()
+    length = 0
+    with open(path, "rb") as f:
+        for block in read_chunks(f, size=blocksize):
+            length += len(block)
+            h.update(block)
+    return h, length
+
+
+def is_wheel_installed() -> bool:
+    """
+    Return whether the wheel package is installed.
+    """
+    try:
+        import wheel  # noqa: F401
+    except ImportError:
+        return False
+
+    return True
+
+
+def pairwise(iterable: Iterable[Any]) -> Iterator[Tuple[Any, Any]]:
+    """
+    Return paired elements.
+
+    For example:
+        s -> (s0, s1), (s2, s3), (s4, s5), ...
+    """
+    iterable = iter(iterable)
+    return zip_longest(iterable, iterable)
+
+
+def partition(
+    pred: Callable[[T], bool],
+    iterable: Iterable[T],
+) -> Tuple[Iterable[T], Iterable[T]]:
+    """
+    Use a predicate to partition entries into false entries and true entries,
+    like
+
+        partition(is_odd, range(10)) --> 0 2 4 6 8   and  1 3 5 7 9
+    """
+    t1, t2 = tee(iterable)
+    return filterfalse(pred, t1), filter(pred, t2)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/models.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6bb21a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""Utilities for defining models
+"""
+
+import operator
+from typing import Any, Callable, Type
+
+
+class KeyBasedCompareMixin:
+    """Provides comparison capabilities that is based on a key"""
+
+    __slots__ = ["_compare_key", "_defining_class"]
+
+    def __init__(self, key: Any, defining_class: Type["KeyBasedCompareMixin"]) -> None:
+        self._compare_key = key
+        self._defining_class = defining_class
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._compare_key)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__lt__)
+
+    def __le__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__le__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__gt__)
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__ge__)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__eq__)
+
+    def _compare(self, other: Any, method: Callable[[Any, Any], bool]) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, self._defining_class):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return method(self._compare_key, other._compare_key)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/packaging.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/packaging.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9f6af4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/packaging.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import functools
+import logging
+import re
+from typing import NewType, Optional, Tuple, cast
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging import specifiers, version
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import Requirement
+
+NormalizedExtra = NewType("NormalizedExtra", str)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def check_requires_python(
+    requires_python: Optional[str], version_info: Tuple[int, ...]
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Check if the given Python version matches a "Requires-Python" specifier.
+
+    :param version_info: A 3-tuple of ints representing a Python
+        major-minor-micro version to check (e.g. `sys.version_info[:3]`).
+
+    :return: `True` if the given Python version satisfies the requirement.
+        Otherwise, return `False`.
+
+    :raises InvalidSpecifier: If `requires_python` has an invalid format.
+    """
+    if requires_python is None:
+        # The package provides no information
+        return True
+    requires_python_specifier = specifiers.SpecifierSet(requires_python)
+
+    python_version = version.parse(".".join(map(str, version_info)))
+    return python_version in requires_python_specifier
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=512)
+def get_requirement(req_string: str) -> Requirement:
+    """Construct a packaging.Requirement object with caching"""
+    # Parsing requirement strings is expensive, and is also expected to happen
+    # with a low diversity of different arguments (at least relative the number
+    # constructed). This method adds a cache to requirement object creation to
+    # minimize repeated parsing of the same string to construct equivalent
+    # Requirement objects.
+    return Requirement(req_string)
+
+
+def safe_extra(extra: str) -> NormalizedExtra:
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard 'extra' name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric characters are replaced with a single '_',
+    and the result is always lowercased.
+
+    This function is duplicated from ``pkg_resources``. Note that this is not
+    the same to either ``canonicalize_name`` or ``_egg_link_name``.
+    """
+    return cast(NormalizedExtra, re.sub("[^A-Za-z0-9.-]+", "_", extra).lower())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/setuptools_build.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/setuptools_build.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f460c40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/setuptools_build.py
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+import sys
+import textwrap
+from typing import List, Optional, Sequence
+
+# Shim to wrap setup.py invocation with setuptools
+# Note that __file__ is handled via two {!r} *and* %r, to ensure that paths on
+# Windows are correctly handled (it should be "C:\\Users" not "C:\Users").
+_SETUPTOOLS_SHIM = textwrap.dedent(
+    """
+    exec(compile('''
+    # This is <pip-setuptools-caller> -- a caller that pip uses to run setup.py
+    #
+    # - It imports setuptools before invoking setup.py, to enable projects that directly
+    #   import from `distutils.core` to work with newer packaging standards.
+    # - It provides a clear error message when setuptools is not installed.
+    # - It sets `sys.argv[0]` to the underlying `setup.py`, when invoking `setup.py` so
+    #   setuptools doesn't think the script is `-c`. This avoids the following warning:
+    #     manifest_maker: standard file '-c' not found".
+    # - It generates a shim setup.py, for handling setup.cfg-only projects.
+    import os, sys, tokenize
+
+    try:
+        import setuptools
+    except ImportError as error:
+        print(
+            "ERROR: Can not execute `setup.py` since setuptools is not available in "
+            "the build environment.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    __file__ = %r
+    sys.argv[0] = __file__
+
+    if os.path.exists(__file__):
+        filename = __file__
+        with tokenize.open(__file__) as f:
+            setup_py_code = f.read()
+    else:
+        filename = "<auto-generated setuptools caller>"
+        setup_py_code = "from setuptools import setup; setup()"
+
+    exec(compile(setup_py_code, filename, "exec"))
+    ''' % ({!r},), "<pip-setuptools-caller>", "exec"))
+    """
+).rstrip()
+
+
+def make_setuptools_shim_args(
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    global_options: Sequence[str] = None,
+    no_user_config: bool = False,
+    unbuffered_output: bool = False,
+) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Get setuptools command arguments with shim wrapped setup file invocation.
+
+    :param setup_py_path: The path to setup.py to be wrapped.
+    :param global_options: Additional global options.
+    :param no_user_config: If True, disables personal user configuration.
+    :param unbuffered_output: If True, adds the unbuffered switch to the
+     argument list.
+    """
+    args = [sys.executable]
+    if unbuffered_output:
+        args += ["-u"]
+    args += ["-c", _SETUPTOOLS_SHIM.format(setup_py_path)]
+    if global_options:
+        args += global_options
+    if no_user_config:
+        args += ["--no-user-cfg"]
+    return args
+
+
+def make_setuptools_bdist_wheel_args(
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    global_options: Sequence[str],
+    build_options: Sequence[str],
+    destination_dir: str,
+) -> List[str]:
+    # NOTE: Eventually, we'd want to also -S to the flags here, when we're
+    # isolating. Currently, it breaks Python in virtualenvs, because it
+    # relies on site.py to find parts of the standard library outside the
+    # virtualenv.
+    args = make_setuptools_shim_args(
+        setup_py_path, global_options=global_options, unbuffered_output=True
+    )
+    args += ["bdist_wheel", "-d", destination_dir]
+    args += build_options
+    return args
+
+
+def make_setuptools_clean_args(
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    global_options: Sequence[str],
+) -> List[str]:
+    args = make_setuptools_shim_args(
+        setup_py_path, global_options=global_options, unbuffered_output=True
+    )
+    args += ["clean", "--all"]
+    return args
+
+
+def make_setuptools_develop_args(
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    global_options: Sequence[str],
+    install_options: Sequence[str],
+    no_user_config: bool,
+    prefix: Optional[str],
+    home: Optional[str],
+    use_user_site: bool,
+) -> List[str]:
+    assert not (use_user_site and prefix)
+
+    args = make_setuptools_shim_args(
+        setup_py_path,
+        global_options=global_options,
+        no_user_config=no_user_config,
+    )
+
+    args += ["develop", "--no-deps"]
+
+    args += install_options
+
+    if prefix:
+        args += ["--prefix", prefix]
+    if home is not None:
+        args += ["--install-dir", home]
+
+    if use_user_site:
+        args += ["--user", "--prefix="]
+
+    return args
+
+
+def make_setuptools_egg_info_args(
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    egg_info_dir: Optional[str],
+    no_user_config: bool,
+) -> List[str]:
+    args = make_setuptools_shim_args(setup_py_path, no_user_config=no_user_config)
+
+    args += ["egg_info"]
+
+    if egg_info_dir:
+        args += ["--egg-base", egg_info_dir]
+
+    return args
+
+
+def make_setuptools_install_args(
+    setup_py_path: str,
+    global_options: Sequence[str],
+    install_options: Sequence[str],
+    record_filename: str,
+    root: Optional[str],
+    prefix: Optional[str],
+    header_dir: Optional[str],
+    home: Optional[str],
+    use_user_site: bool,
+    no_user_config: bool,
+    pycompile: bool,
+) -> List[str]:
+    assert not (use_user_site and prefix)
+    assert not (use_user_site and root)
+
+    args = make_setuptools_shim_args(
+        setup_py_path,
+        global_options=global_options,
+        no_user_config=no_user_config,
+        unbuffered_output=True,
+    )
+    args += ["install", "--record", record_filename]
+    args += ["--single-version-externally-managed"]
+
+    if root is not None:
+        args += ["--root", root]
+    if prefix is not None:
+        args += ["--prefix", prefix]
+    if home is not None:
+        args += ["--home", home]
+    if use_user_site:
+        args += ["--user", "--prefix="]
+
+    if pycompile:
+        args += ["--compile"]
+    else:
+        args += ["--no-compile"]
+
+    if header_dir:
+        args += ["--install-headers", header_dir]
+
+    args += install_options
+
+    return args
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/subprocess.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/subprocess.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5b7624
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/subprocess.py
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import shlex
+import subprocess
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from pip._vendor.rich.markup import escape
+
+from pip._internal.cli.spinners import SpinnerInterface, open_spinner
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationSubprocessError
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import VERBOSE, subprocess_logger
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import HiddenText
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    # Literal was introduced in Python 3.8.
+    #
+    # TODO: Remove `if TYPE_CHECKING` when dropping support for Python 3.7.
+    from typing import Literal
+
+CommandArgs = List[Union[str, HiddenText]]
+
+
+def make_command(*args: Union[str, HiddenText, CommandArgs]) -> CommandArgs:
+    """
+    Create a CommandArgs object.
+    """
+    command_args: CommandArgs = []
+    for arg in args:
+        # Check for list instead of CommandArgs since CommandArgs is
+        # only known during type-checking.
+        if isinstance(arg, list):
+            command_args.extend(arg)
+        else:
+            # Otherwise, arg is str or HiddenText.
+            command_args.append(arg)
+
+    return command_args
+
+
+def format_command_args(args: Union[List[str], CommandArgs]) -> str:
+    """
+    Format command arguments for display.
+    """
+    # For HiddenText arguments, display the redacted form by calling str().
+    # Also, we don't apply str() to arguments that aren't HiddenText since
+    # this can trigger a UnicodeDecodeError in Python 2 if the argument
+    # has type unicode and includes a non-ascii character.  (The type
+    # checker doesn't ensure the annotations are correct in all cases.)
+    return " ".join(
+        shlex.quote(str(arg)) if isinstance(arg, HiddenText) else shlex.quote(arg)
+        for arg in args
+    )
+
+
+def reveal_command_args(args: Union[List[str], CommandArgs]) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Return the arguments in their raw, unredacted form.
+    """
+    return [arg.secret if isinstance(arg, HiddenText) else arg for arg in args]
+
+
+def call_subprocess(
+    cmd: Union[List[str], CommandArgs],
+    show_stdout: bool = False,
+    cwd: Optional[str] = None,
+    on_returncode: 'Literal["raise", "warn", "ignore"]' = "raise",
+    extra_ok_returncodes: Optional[Iterable[int]] = None,
+    extra_environ: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+    unset_environ: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    spinner: Optional[SpinnerInterface] = None,
+    log_failed_cmd: Optional[bool] = True,
+    stdout_only: Optional[bool] = False,
+    *,
+    command_desc: str,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Args:
+      show_stdout: if true, use INFO to log the subprocess's stderr and
+        stdout streams.  Otherwise, use DEBUG.  Defaults to False.
+      extra_ok_returncodes: an iterable of integer return codes that are
+        acceptable, in addition to 0. Defaults to None, which means [].
+      unset_environ: an iterable of environment variable names to unset
+        prior to calling subprocess.Popen().
+      log_failed_cmd: if false, failed commands are not logged, only raised.
+      stdout_only: if true, return only stdout, else return both. When true,
+        logging of both stdout and stderr occurs when the subprocess has
+        terminated, else logging occurs as subprocess output is produced.
+    """
+    if extra_ok_returncodes is None:
+        extra_ok_returncodes = []
+    if unset_environ is None:
+        unset_environ = []
+    # Most places in pip use show_stdout=False. What this means is--
+    #
+    # - We connect the child's output (combined stderr and stdout) to a
+    #   single pipe, which we read.
+    # - We log this output to stderr at DEBUG level as it is received.
+    # - If DEBUG logging isn't enabled (e.g. if --verbose logging wasn't
+    #   requested), then we show a spinner so the user can still see the
+    #   subprocess is in progress.
+    # - If the subprocess exits with an error, we log the output to stderr
+    #   at ERROR level if it hasn't already been displayed to the console
+    #   (e.g. if --verbose logging wasn't enabled).  This way we don't log
+    #   the output to the console twice.
+    #
+    # If show_stdout=True, then the above is still done, but with DEBUG
+    # replaced by INFO.
+    if show_stdout:
+        # Then log the subprocess output at INFO level.
+        log_subprocess = subprocess_logger.info
+        used_level = logging.INFO
+    else:
+        # Then log the subprocess output using VERBOSE.  This also ensures
+        # it will be logged to the log file (aka user_log), if enabled.
+        log_subprocess = subprocess_logger.verbose
+        used_level = VERBOSE
+
+    # Whether the subprocess will be visible in the console.
+    showing_subprocess = subprocess_logger.getEffectiveLevel() <= used_level
+
+    # Only use the spinner if we're not showing the subprocess output
+    # and we have a spinner.
+    use_spinner = not showing_subprocess and spinner is not None
+
+    log_subprocess("Running command %s", command_desc)
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    if extra_environ:
+        env.update(extra_environ)
+    for name in unset_environ:
+        env.pop(name, None)
+    try:
+        proc = subprocess.Popen(
+            # Convert HiddenText objects to the underlying str.
+            reveal_command_args(cmd),
+            stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT if not stdout_only else subprocess.PIPE,
+            cwd=cwd,
+            env=env,
+            errors="backslashreplace",
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:
+        if log_failed_cmd:
+            subprocess_logger.critical(
+                "Error %s while executing command %s",
+                exc,
+                command_desc,
+            )
+        raise
+    all_output = []
+    if not stdout_only:
+        assert proc.stdout
+        assert proc.stdin
+        proc.stdin.close()
+        # In this mode, stdout and stderr are in the same pipe.
+        while True:
+            line: str = proc.stdout.readline()
+            if not line:
+                break
+            line = line.rstrip()
+            all_output.append(line + "\n")
+
+            # Show the line immediately.
+            log_subprocess(line)
+            # Update the spinner.
+            if use_spinner:
+                assert spinner
+                spinner.spin()
+        try:
+            proc.wait()
+        finally:
+            if proc.stdout:
+                proc.stdout.close()
+        output = "".join(all_output)
+    else:
+        # In this mode, stdout and stderr are in different pipes.
+        # We must use communicate() which is the only safe way to read both.
+        out, err = proc.communicate()
+        # log line by line to preserve pip log indenting
+        for out_line in out.splitlines():
+            log_subprocess(out_line)
+        all_output.append(out)
+        for err_line in err.splitlines():
+            log_subprocess(err_line)
+        all_output.append(err)
+        output = out
+
+    proc_had_error = proc.returncode and proc.returncode not in extra_ok_returncodes
+    if use_spinner:
+        assert spinner
+        if proc_had_error:
+            spinner.finish("error")
+        else:
+            spinner.finish("done")
+    if proc_had_error:
+        if on_returncode == "raise":
+            error = InstallationSubprocessError(
+                command_description=command_desc,
+                exit_code=proc.returncode,
+                output_lines=all_output if not showing_subprocess else None,
+            )
+            if log_failed_cmd:
+                subprocess_logger.error("[present-diagnostic] %s", error)
+                subprocess_logger.verbose(
+                    "[bold magenta]full command[/]: [blue]%s[/]",
+                    escape(format_command_args(cmd)),
+                    extra={"markup": True},
+                )
+                subprocess_logger.verbose(
+                    "[bold magenta]cwd[/]: %s",
+                    escape(cwd or "[inherit]"),
+                    extra={"markup": True},
+                )
+
+            raise error
+        elif on_returncode == "warn":
+            subprocess_logger.warning(
+                'Command "%s" had error code %s in %s',
+                command_desc,
+                proc.returncode,
+                cwd,
+            )
+        elif on_returncode == "ignore":
+            pass
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid value: on_returncode={on_returncode!r}")
+    return output
+
+
+def runner_with_spinner_message(message: str) -> Callable[..., None]:
+    """Provide a subprocess_runner that shows a spinner message.
+
+    Intended for use with for pep517's Pep517HookCaller. Thus, the runner has
+    an API that matches what's expected by Pep517HookCaller.subprocess_runner.
+    """
+
+    def runner(
+        cmd: List[str],
+        cwd: Optional[str] = None,
+        extra_environ: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        with open_spinner(message) as spinner:
+            call_subprocess(
+                cmd,
+                command_desc=message,
+                cwd=cwd,
+                extra_environ=extra_environ,
+                spinner=spinner,
+            )
+
+    return runner
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/temp_dir.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/temp_dir.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..442679a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/temp_dir.py
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+import errno
+import itertools
+import logging
+import os.path
+import tempfile
+from contextlib import ExitStack, contextmanager
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterator, Optional, TypeVar, Union
+
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import enum, rmtree
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T", bound="TempDirectory")
+
+
+# Kinds of temporary directories. Only needed for ones that are
+# globally-managed.
+tempdir_kinds = enum(
+    BUILD_ENV="build-env",
+    EPHEM_WHEEL_CACHE="ephem-wheel-cache",
+    REQ_BUILD="req-build",
+)
+
+
+_tempdir_manager: Optional[ExitStack] = None
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def global_tempdir_manager() -> Iterator[None]:
+    global _tempdir_manager
+    with ExitStack() as stack:
+        old_tempdir_manager, _tempdir_manager = _tempdir_manager, stack
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            _tempdir_manager = old_tempdir_manager
+
+
+class TempDirectoryTypeRegistry:
+    """Manages temp directory behavior"""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._should_delete: Dict[str, bool] = {}
+
+    def set_delete(self, kind: str, value: bool) -> None:
+        """Indicate whether a TempDirectory of the given kind should be
+        auto-deleted.
+        """
+        self._should_delete[kind] = value
+
+    def get_delete(self, kind: str) -> bool:
+        """Get configured auto-delete flag for a given TempDirectory type,
+        default True.
+        """
+        return self._should_delete.get(kind, True)
+
+
+_tempdir_registry: Optional[TempDirectoryTypeRegistry] = None
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def tempdir_registry() -> Iterator[TempDirectoryTypeRegistry]:
+    """Provides a scoped global tempdir registry that can be used to dictate
+    whether directories should be deleted.
+    """
+    global _tempdir_registry
+    old_tempdir_registry = _tempdir_registry
+    _tempdir_registry = TempDirectoryTypeRegistry()
+    try:
+        yield _tempdir_registry
+    finally:
+        _tempdir_registry = old_tempdir_registry
+
+
+class _Default:
+    pass
+
+
+_default = _Default()
+
+
+class TempDirectory:
+    """Helper class that owns and cleans up a temporary directory.
+
+    This class can be used as a context manager or as an OO representation of a
+    temporary directory.
+
+    Attributes:
+        path
+            Location to the created temporary directory
+        delete
+            Whether the directory should be deleted when exiting
+            (when used as a contextmanager)
+
+    Methods:
+        cleanup()
+            Deletes the temporary directory
+
+    When used as a context manager, if the delete attribute is True, on
+    exiting the context the temporary directory is deleted.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        path: Optional[str] = None,
+        delete: Union[bool, None, _Default] = _default,
+        kind: str = "temp",
+        globally_managed: bool = False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        if delete is _default:
+            if path is not None:
+                # If we were given an explicit directory, resolve delete option
+                # now.
+                delete = False
+            else:
+                # Otherwise, we wait until cleanup and see what
+                # tempdir_registry says.
+                delete = None
+
+        # The only time we specify path is in for editables where it
+        # is the value of the --src option.
+        if path is None:
+            path = self._create(kind)
+
+        self._path = path
+        self._deleted = False
+        self.delete = delete
+        self.kind = kind
+
+        if globally_managed:
+            assert _tempdir_manager is not None
+            _tempdir_manager.enter_context(self)
+
+    @property
+    def path(self) -> str:
+        assert not self._deleted, f"Attempted to access deleted path: {self._path}"
+        return self._path
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} {self.path!r}>"
+
+    def __enter__(self: _T) -> _T:
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc: Any, value: Any, tb: Any) -> None:
+        if self.delete is not None:
+            delete = self.delete
+        elif _tempdir_registry:
+            delete = _tempdir_registry.get_delete(self.kind)
+        else:
+            delete = True
+
+        if delete:
+            self.cleanup()
+
+    def _create(self, kind: str) -> str:
+        """Create a temporary directory and store its path in self.path"""
+        # We realpath here because some systems have their default tmpdir
+        # symlinked to another directory.  This tends to confuse build
+        # scripts, so we canonicalize the path by traversing potential
+        # symlinks here.
+        path = os.path.realpath(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix=f"pip-{kind}-"))
+        logger.debug("Created temporary directory: %s", path)
+        return path
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        """Remove the temporary directory created and reset state"""
+        self._deleted = True
+        if not os.path.exists(self._path):
+            return
+        rmtree(self._path)
+
+
+class AdjacentTempDirectory(TempDirectory):
+    """Helper class that creates a temporary directory adjacent to a real one.
+
+    Attributes:
+        original
+            The original directory to create a temp directory for.
+        path
+            After calling create() or entering, contains the full
+            path to the temporary directory.
+        delete
+            Whether the directory should be deleted when exiting
+            (when used as a contextmanager)
+
+    """
+
+    # The characters that may be used to name the temp directory
+    # We always prepend a ~ and then rotate through these until
+    # a usable name is found.
+    # pkg_resources raises a different error for .dist-info folder
+    # with leading '-' and invalid metadata
+    LEADING_CHARS = "-~.=%0123456789"
+
+    def __init__(self, original: str, delete: Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+        self.original = original.rstrip("/\\")
+        super().__init__(delete=delete)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _generate_names(cls, name: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+        """Generates a series of temporary names.
+
+        The algorithm replaces the leading characters in the name
+        with ones that are valid filesystem characters, but are not
+        valid package names (for both Python and pip definitions of
+        package).
+        """
+        for i in range(1, len(name)):
+            for candidate in itertools.combinations_with_replacement(
+                cls.LEADING_CHARS, i - 1
+            ):
+                new_name = "~" + "".join(candidate) + name[i:]
+                if new_name != name:
+                    yield new_name
+
+        # If we make it this far, we will have to make a longer name
+        for i in range(len(cls.LEADING_CHARS)):
+            for candidate in itertools.combinations_with_replacement(
+                cls.LEADING_CHARS, i
+            ):
+                new_name = "~" + "".join(candidate) + name
+                if new_name != name:
+                    yield new_name
+
+    def _create(self, kind: str) -> str:
+        root, name = os.path.split(self.original)
+        for candidate in self._generate_names(name):
+            path = os.path.join(root, candidate)
+            try:
+                os.mkdir(path)
+            except OSError as ex:
+                # Continue if the name exists already
+                if ex.errno != errno.EEXIST:
+                    raise
+            else:
+                path = os.path.realpath(path)
+                break
+        else:
+            # Final fallback on the default behavior.
+            path = os.path.realpath(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix=f"pip-{kind}-"))
+
+        logger.debug("Created temporary directory: %s", path)
+        return path
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/unpacking.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/unpacking.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f63f97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/unpacking.py
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+"""Utilities related archives.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+import stat
+import tarfile
+import zipfile
+from typing import Iterable, List, Optional
+from zipfile import ZipInfo
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.utils.filetypes import (
+    BZ2_EXTENSIONS,
+    TAR_EXTENSIONS,
+    XZ_EXTENSIONS,
+    ZIP_EXTENSIONS,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS = ZIP_EXTENSIONS + TAR_EXTENSIONS
+
+try:
+    import bz2  # noqa
+
+    SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS += BZ2_EXTENSIONS
+except ImportError:
+    logger.debug("bz2 module is not available")
+
+try:
+    # Only for Python 3.3+
+    import lzma  # noqa
+
+    SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS += XZ_EXTENSIONS
+except ImportError:
+    logger.debug("lzma module is not available")
+
+
+def current_umask() -> int:
+    """Get the current umask which involves having to set it temporarily."""
+    mask = os.umask(0)
+    os.umask(mask)
+    return mask
+
+
+def split_leading_dir(path: str) -> List[str]:
+    path = path.lstrip("/").lstrip("\\")
+    if "/" in path and (
+        ("\\" in path and path.find("/") < path.find("\\")) or "\\" not in path
+    ):
+        return path.split("/", 1)
+    elif "\\" in path:
+        return path.split("\\", 1)
+    else:
+        return [path, ""]
+
+
+def has_leading_dir(paths: Iterable[str]) -> bool:
+    """Returns true if all the paths have the same leading path name
+    (i.e., everything is in one subdirectory in an archive)"""
+    common_prefix = None
+    for path in paths:
+        prefix, rest = split_leading_dir(path)
+        if not prefix:
+            return False
+        elif common_prefix is None:
+            common_prefix = prefix
+        elif prefix != common_prefix:
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+def is_within_directory(directory: str, target: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    Return true if the absolute path of target is within the directory
+    """
+    abs_directory = os.path.abspath(directory)
+    abs_target = os.path.abspath(target)
+
+    prefix = os.path.commonprefix([abs_directory, abs_target])
+    return prefix == abs_directory
+
+
+def set_extracted_file_to_default_mode_plus_executable(path: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Make file present at path have execute for user/group/world
+    (chmod +x) is no-op on windows per python docs
+    """
+    os.chmod(path, (0o777 & ~current_umask() | 0o111))
+
+
+def zip_item_is_executable(info: ZipInfo) -> bool:
+    mode = info.external_attr >> 16
+    # if mode and regular file and any execute permissions for
+    # user/group/world?
+    return bool(mode and stat.S_ISREG(mode) and mode & 0o111)
+
+
+def unzip_file(filename: str, location: str, flatten: bool = True) -> None:
+    """
+    Unzip the file (with path `filename`) to the destination `location`.  All
+    files are written based on system defaults and umask (i.e. permissions are
+    not preserved), except that regular file members with any execute
+    permissions (user, group, or world) have "chmod +x" applied after being
+    written. Note that for windows, any execute changes using os.chmod are
+    no-ops per the python docs.
+    """
+    ensure_dir(location)
+    zipfp = open(filename, "rb")
+    try:
+        zip = zipfile.ZipFile(zipfp, allowZip64=True)
+        leading = has_leading_dir(zip.namelist()) and flatten
+        for info in zip.infolist():
+            name = info.filename
+            fn = name
+            if leading:
+                fn = split_leading_dir(name)[1]
+            fn = os.path.join(location, fn)
+            dir = os.path.dirname(fn)
+            if not is_within_directory(location, fn):
+                message = (
+                    "The zip file ({}) has a file ({}) trying to install "
+                    "outside target directory ({})"
+                )
+                raise InstallationError(message.format(filename, fn, location))
+            if fn.endswith("/") or fn.endswith("\\"):
+                # A directory
+                ensure_dir(fn)
+            else:
+                ensure_dir(dir)
+                # Don't use read() to avoid allocating an arbitrarily large
+                # chunk of memory for the file's content
+                fp = zip.open(name)
+                try:
+                    with open(fn, "wb") as destfp:
+                        shutil.copyfileobj(fp, destfp)
+                finally:
+                    fp.close()
+                    if zip_item_is_executable(info):
+                        set_extracted_file_to_default_mode_plus_executable(fn)
+    finally:
+        zipfp.close()
+
+
+def untar_file(filename: str, location: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Untar the file (with path `filename`) to the destination `location`.
+    All files are written based on system defaults and umask (i.e. permissions
+    are not preserved), except that regular file members with any execute
+    permissions (user, group, or world) have "chmod +x" applied after being
+    written.  Note that for windows, any execute changes using os.chmod are
+    no-ops per the python docs.
+    """
+    ensure_dir(location)
+    if filename.lower().endswith(".gz") or filename.lower().endswith(".tgz"):
+        mode = "r:gz"
+    elif filename.lower().endswith(BZ2_EXTENSIONS):
+        mode = "r:bz2"
+    elif filename.lower().endswith(XZ_EXTENSIONS):
+        mode = "r:xz"
+    elif filename.lower().endswith(".tar"):
+        mode = "r"
+    else:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Cannot determine compression type for file %s",
+            filename,
+        )
+        mode = "r:*"
+    tar = tarfile.open(filename, mode, encoding="utf-8")
+    try:
+        leading = has_leading_dir([member.name for member in tar.getmembers()])
+        for member in tar.getmembers():
+            fn = member.name
+            if leading:
+                fn = split_leading_dir(fn)[1]
+            path = os.path.join(location, fn)
+            if not is_within_directory(location, path):
+                message = (
+                    "The tar file ({}) has a file ({}) trying to install "
+                    "outside target directory ({})"
+                )
+                raise InstallationError(message.format(filename, path, location))
+            if member.isdir():
+                ensure_dir(path)
+            elif member.issym():
+                try:
+                    # https://github.com/python/typeshed/issues/2673
+                    tar._extract_member(member, path)  # type: ignore
+                except Exception as exc:
+                    # Some corrupt tar files seem to produce this
+                    # (specifically bad symlinks)
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "In the tar file %s the member %s is invalid: %s",
+                        filename,
+                        member.name,
+                        exc,
+                    )
+                    continue
+            else:
+                try:
+                    fp = tar.extractfile(member)
+                except (KeyError, AttributeError) as exc:
+                    # Some corrupt tar files seem to produce this
+                    # (specifically bad symlinks)
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "In the tar file %s the member %s is invalid: %s",
+                        filename,
+                        member.name,
+                        exc,
+                    )
+                    continue
+                ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(path))
+                assert fp is not None
+                with open(path, "wb") as destfp:
+                    shutil.copyfileobj(fp, destfp)
+                fp.close()
+                # Update the timestamp (useful for cython compiled files)
+                tar.utime(member, path)
+                # member have any execute permissions for user/group/world?
+                if member.mode & 0o111:
+                    set_extracted_file_to_default_mode_plus_executable(path)
+    finally:
+        tar.close()
+
+
+def unpack_file(
+    filename: str,
+    location: str,
+    content_type: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> None:
+    filename = os.path.realpath(filename)
+    if (
+        content_type == "application/zip"
+        or filename.lower().endswith(ZIP_EXTENSIONS)
+        or zipfile.is_zipfile(filename)
+    ):
+        unzip_file(filename, location, flatten=not filename.endswith(".whl"))
+    elif (
+        content_type == "application/x-gzip"
+        or tarfile.is_tarfile(filename)
+        or filename.lower().endswith(TAR_EXTENSIONS + BZ2_EXTENSIONS + XZ_EXTENSIONS)
+    ):
+        untar_file(filename, location)
+    else:
+        # FIXME: handle?
+        # FIXME: magic signatures?
+        logger.critical(
+            "Cannot unpack file %s (downloaded from %s, content-type: %s); "
+            "cannot detect archive format",
+            filename,
+            location,
+            content_type,
+        )
+        raise InstallationError(f"Cannot determine archive format of {location}")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/urls.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/urls.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ba2e04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/urls.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import os
+import string
+import urllib.parse
+import urllib.request
+from typing import Optional
+
+from .compat import WINDOWS
+
+
+def get_url_scheme(url: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    if ":" not in url:
+        return None
+    return url.split(":", 1)[0].lower()
+
+
+def path_to_url(path: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Convert a path to a file: URL.  The path will be made absolute and have
+    quoted path parts.
+    """
+    path = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(path))
+    url = urllib.parse.urljoin("file:", urllib.request.pathname2url(path))
+    return url
+
+
+def url_to_path(url: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Convert a file: URL to a path.
+    """
+    assert url.startswith(
+        "file:"
+    ), f"You can only turn file: urls into filenames (not {url!r})"
+
+    _, netloc, path, _, _ = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
+
+    if not netloc or netloc == "localhost":
+        # According to RFC 8089, same as empty authority.
+        netloc = ""
+    elif WINDOWS:
+        # If we have a UNC path, prepend UNC share notation.
+        netloc = "\\\\" + netloc
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"non-local file URIs are not supported on this platform: {url!r}"
+        )
+
+    path = urllib.request.url2pathname(netloc + path)
+
+    # On Windows, urlsplit parses the path as something like "/C:/Users/foo".
+    # This creates issues for path-related functions like io.open(), so we try
+    # to detect and strip the leading slash.
+    if (
+        WINDOWS
+        and not netloc  # Not UNC.
+        and len(path) >= 3
+        and path[0] == "/"  # Leading slash to strip.
+        and path[1] in string.ascii_letters  # Drive letter.
+        and path[2:4] in (":", ":/")  # Colon + end of string, or colon + absolute path.
+    ):
+        path = path[1:]
+
+    return path
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/virtualenv.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/virtualenv.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c926db4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/virtualenv.py
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import site
+import sys
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+_INCLUDE_SYSTEM_SITE_PACKAGES_REGEX = re.compile(
+    r"include-system-site-packages\s*=\s*(?P<value>true|false)"
+)
+
+
+def _running_under_venv() -> bool:
+    """Checks if sys.base_prefix and sys.prefix match.
+
+    This handles PEP 405 compliant virtual environments.
+    """
+    return sys.prefix != getattr(sys, "base_prefix", sys.prefix)
+
+
+def _running_under_regular_virtualenv() -> bool:
+    """Checks if sys.real_prefix is set.
+
+    This handles virtual environments created with pypa's virtualenv.
+    """
+    # pypa/virtualenv case
+    return hasattr(sys, "real_prefix")
+
+
+def running_under_virtualenv() -> bool:
+    """Return True if we're running inside a virtualenv, False otherwise."""
+    return _running_under_venv() or _running_under_regular_virtualenv()
+
+
+def _get_pyvenv_cfg_lines() -> Optional[List[str]]:
+    """Reads {sys.prefix}/pyvenv.cfg and returns its contents as list of lines
+
+    Returns None, if it could not read/access the file.
+    """
+    pyvenv_cfg_file = os.path.join(sys.prefix, "pyvenv.cfg")
+    try:
+        # Although PEP 405 does not specify, the built-in venv module always
+        # writes with UTF-8. (pypa/pip#8717)
+        with open(pyvenv_cfg_file, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            return f.read().splitlines()  # avoids trailing newlines
+    except OSError:
+        return None
+
+
+def _no_global_under_venv() -> bool:
+    """Check `{sys.prefix}/pyvenv.cfg` for system site-packages inclusion
+
+    PEP 405 specifies that when system site-packages are not supposed to be
+    visible from a virtual environment, `pyvenv.cfg` must contain the following
+    line:
+
+        include-system-site-packages = false
+
+    Additionally, log a warning if accessing the file fails.
+    """
+    cfg_lines = _get_pyvenv_cfg_lines()
+    if cfg_lines is None:
+        # We're not in a "sane" venv, so assume there is no system
+        # site-packages access (since that's PEP 405's default state).
+        logger.warning(
+            "Could not access 'pyvenv.cfg' despite a virtual environment "
+            "being active. Assuming global site-packages is not accessible "
+            "in this environment."
+        )
+        return True
+
+    for line in cfg_lines:
+        match = _INCLUDE_SYSTEM_SITE_PACKAGES_REGEX.match(line)
+        if match is not None and match.group("value") == "false":
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+def _no_global_under_regular_virtualenv() -> bool:
+    """Check if "no-global-site-packages.txt" exists beside site.py
+
+    This mirrors logic in pypa/virtualenv for determining whether system
+    site-packages are visible in the virtual environment.
+    """
+    site_mod_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(site.__file__))
+    no_global_site_packages_file = os.path.join(
+        site_mod_dir,
+        "no-global-site-packages.txt",
+    )
+    return os.path.exists(no_global_site_packages_file)
+
+
+def virtualenv_no_global() -> bool:
+    """Returns a boolean, whether running in venv with no system site-packages."""
+    # PEP 405 compliance needs to be checked first since virtualenv >=20 would
+    # return True for both checks, but is only able to use the PEP 405 config.
+    if _running_under_venv():
+        return _no_global_under_venv()
+
+    if _running_under_regular_virtualenv():
+        return _no_global_under_regular_virtualenv()
+
+    return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/wheel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5e3f34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+"""Support functions for working with wheel files.
+"""
+
+import logging
+from email.message import Message
+from email.parser import Parser
+from typing import Tuple
+from zipfile import BadZipFile, ZipFile
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import UnsupportedWheel
+
+VERSION_COMPATIBLE = (1, 0)
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def parse_wheel(wheel_zip: ZipFile, name: str) -> Tuple[str, Message]:
+    """Extract information from the provided wheel, ensuring it meets basic
+    standards.
+
+    Returns the name of the .dist-info directory and the parsed WHEEL metadata.
+    """
+    try:
+        info_dir = wheel_dist_info_dir(wheel_zip, name)
+        metadata = wheel_metadata(wheel_zip, info_dir)
+        version = wheel_version(metadata)
+    except UnsupportedWheel as e:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel("{} has an invalid wheel, {}".format(name, str(e)))
+
+    check_compatibility(version, name)
+
+    return info_dir, metadata
+
+
+def wheel_dist_info_dir(source: ZipFile, name: str) -> str:
+    """Returns the name of the contained .dist-info directory.
+
+    Raises AssertionError or UnsupportedWheel if not found, >1 found, or
+    it doesn't match the provided name.
+    """
+    # Zip file path separators must be /
+    subdirs = {p.split("/", 1)[0] for p in source.namelist()}
+
+    info_dirs = [s for s in subdirs if s.endswith(".dist-info")]
+
+    if not info_dirs:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(".dist-info directory not found")
+
+    if len(info_dirs) > 1:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(
+            "multiple .dist-info directories found: {}".format(", ".join(info_dirs))
+        )
+
+    info_dir = info_dirs[0]
+
+    info_dir_name = canonicalize_name(info_dir)
+    canonical_name = canonicalize_name(name)
+    if not info_dir_name.startswith(canonical_name):
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(
+            ".dist-info directory {!r} does not start with {!r}".format(
+                info_dir, canonical_name
+            )
+        )
+
+    return info_dir
+
+
+def read_wheel_metadata_file(source: ZipFile, path: str) -> bytes:
+    try:
+        return source.read(path)
+        # BadZipFile for general corruption, KeyError for missing entry,
+        # and RuntimeError for password-protected files
+    except (BadZipFile, KeyError, RuntimeError) as e:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(f"could not read {path!r} file: {e!r}")
+
+
+def wheel_metadata(source: ZipFile, dist_info_dir: str) -> Message:
+    """Return the WHEEL metadata of an extracted wheel, if possible.
+    Otherwise, raise UnsupportedWheel.
+    """
+    path = f"{dist_info_dir}/WHEEL"
+    # Zip file path separators must be /
+    wheel_contents = read_wheel_metadata_file(source, path)
+
+    try:
+        wheel_text = wheel_contents.decode()
+    except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(f"error decoding {path!r}: {e!r}")
+
+    # FeedParser (used by Parser) does not raise any exceptions. The returned
+    # message may have .defects populated, but for backwards-compatibility we
+    # currently ignore them.
+    return Parser().parsestr(wheel_text)
+
+
+def wheel_version(wheel_data: Message) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+    """Given WHEEL metadata, return the parsed Wheel-Version.
+    Otherwise, raise UnsupportedWheel.
+    """
+    version_text = wheel_data["Wheel-Version"]
+    if version_text is None:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel("WHEEL is missing Wheel-Version")
+
+    version = version_text.strip()
+
+    try:
+        return tuple(map(int, version.split(".")))
+    except ValueError:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(f"invalid Wheel-Version: {version!r}")
+
+
+def check_compatibility(version: Tuple[int, ...], name: str) -> None:
+    """Raises errors or warns if called with an incompatible Wheel-Version.
+
+    pip should refuse to install a Wheel-Version that's a major series
+    ahead of what it's compatible with (e.g 2.0 > 1.1); and warn when
+    installing a version only minor version ahead (e.g 1.2 > 1.1).
+
+    version: a 2-tuple representing a Wheel-Version (Major, Minor)
+    name: name of wheel or package to raise exception about
+
+    :raises UnsupportedWheel: when an incompatible Wheel-Version is given
+    """
+    if version[0] > VERSION_COMPATIBLE[0]:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(
+            "{}'s Wheel-Version ({}) is not compatible with this version "
+            "of pip".format(name, ".".join(map(str, version)))
+        )
+    elif version > VERSION_COMPATIBLE:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Installing from a newer Wheel-Version (%s)",
+            ".".join(map(str, version)),
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6beddb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Expose a limited set of classes and functions so callers outside of
+# the vcs package don't need to import deeper than `pip._internal.vcs`.
+# (The test directory may still need to import from a vcs sub-package.)
+# Import all vcs modules to register each VCS in the VcsSupport object.
+import pip._internal.vcs.bazaar
+import pip._internal.vcs.git
+import pip._internal.vcs.mercurial
+import pip._internal.vcs.subversion  # noqa: F401
+from pip._internal.vcs.versioncontrol import (  # noqa: F401
+    RemoteNotFoundError,
+    RemoteNotValidError,
+    is_url,
+    make_vcs_requirement_url,
+    vcs,
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/bazaar.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/bazaar.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7b16e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/bazaar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import logging
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import HiddenText, display_path
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import make_command
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import path_to_url
+from pip._internal.vcs.versioncontrol import (
+    AuthInfo,
+    RemoteNotFoundError,
+    RevOptions,
+    VersionControl,
+    vcs,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Bazaar(VersionControl):
+    name = "bzr"
+    dirname = ".bzr"
+    repo_name = "branch"
+    schemes = (
+        "bzr+http",
+        "bzr+https",
+        "bzr+ssh",
+        "bzr+sftp",
+        "bzr+ftp",
+        "bzr+lp",
+        "bzr+file",
+    )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_base_rev_args(rev: str) -> List[str]:
+        return ["-r", rev]
+
+    def fetch_new(
+        self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions, verbosity: int
+    ) -> None:
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        logger.info(
+            "Checking out %s%s to %s",
+            url,
+            rev_display,
+            display_path(dest),
+        )
+        if verbosity <= 0:
+            flag = "--quiet"
+        elif verbosity == 1:
+            flag = ""
+        else:
+            flag = f"-{'v'*verbosity}"
+        cmd_args = make_command("branch", flag, rev_options.to_args(), url, dest)
+        self.run_command(cmd_args)
+
+    def switch(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        self.run_command(make_command("switch", url), cwd=dest)
+
+    def update(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        cmd_args = make_command("pull", "-q", rev_options.to_args())
+        self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_url_rev_and_auth(cls, url: str) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str], AuthInfo]:
+        # hotfix the URL scheme after removing bzr+ from bzr+ssh:// readd it
+        url, rev, user_pass = super().get_url_rev_and_auth(url)
+        if url.startswith("ssh://"):
+            url = "bzr+" + url
+        return url, rev, user_pass
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_remote_url(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        urls = cls.run_command(
+            ["info"], show_stdout=False, stdout_only=True, cwd=location
+        )
+        for line in urls.splitlines():
+            line = line.strip()
+            for x in ("checkout of branch: ", "parent branch: "):
+                if line.startswith(x):
+                    repo = line.split(x)[1]
+                    if cls._is_local_repository(repo):
+                        return path_to_url(repo)
+                    return repo
+        raise RemoteNotFoundError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_revision(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        revision = cls.run_command(
+            ["revno"],
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+            cwd=location,
+        )
+        return revision.splitlines()[-1]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_commit_id_equal(cls, dest: str, name: Optional[str]) -> bool:
+        """Always assume the versions don't match"""
+        return False
+
+
+vcs.register(Bazaar)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/git.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/git.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d1d499
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/git.py
@@ -0,0 +1,526 @@
+import logging
+import os.path
+import pathlib
+import re
+import urllib.parse
+import urllib.request
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import BadCommand, InstallationError
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import HiddenText, display_path, hide_url
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import make_command
+from pip._internal.vcs.versioncontrol import (
+    AuthInfo,
+    RemoteNotFoundError,
+    RemoteNotValidError,
+    RevOptions,
+    VersionControl,
+    find_path_to_project_root_from_repo_root,
+    vcs,
+)
+
+urlsplit = urllib.parse.urlsplit
+urlunsplit = urllib.parse.urlunsplit
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+GIT_VERSION_REGEX = re.compile(
+    r"^git version "  # Prefix.
+    r"(\d+)"  # Major.
+    r"\.(\d+)"  # Dot, minor.
+    r"(?:\.(\d+))?"  # Optional dot, patch.
+    r".*$"  # Suffix, including any pre- and post-release segments we don't care about.
+)
+
+HASH_REGEX = re.compile("^[a-fA-F0-9]{40}$")
+
+# SCP (Secure copy protocol) shorthand. e.g. 'git@example.com:foo/bar.git'
+SCP_REGEX = re.compile(
+    r"""^
+    # Optional user, e.g. 'git@'
+    (\w+@)?
+    # Server, e.g. 'github.com'.
+    ([^/:]+):
+    # The server-side path. e.g. 'user/project.git'. Must start with an
+    # alphanumeric character so as not to be confusable with a Windows paths
+    # like 'C:/foo/bar' or 'C:\foo\bar'.
+    (\w[^:]*)
+    $""",
+    re.VERBOSE,
+)
+
+
+def looks_like_hash(sha: str) -> bool:
+    return bool(HASH_REGEX.match(sha))
+
+
+class Git(VersionControl):
+    name = "git"
+    dirname = ".git"
+    repo_name = "clone"
+    schemes = (
+        "git+http",
+        "git+https",
+        "git+ssh",
+        "git+git",
+        "git+file",
+    )
+    # Prevent the user's environment variables from interfering with pip:
+    # https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1130
+    unset_environ = ("GIT_DIR", "GIT_WORK_TREE")
+    default_arg_rev = "HEAD"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_base_rev_args(rev: str) -> List[str]:
+        return [rev]
+
+    def is_immutable_rev_checkout(self, url: str, dest: str) -> bool:
+        _, rev_options = self.get_url_rev_options(hide_url(url))
+        if not rev_options.rev:
+            return False
+        if not self.is_commit_id_equal(dest, rev_options.rev):
+            # the current commit is different from rev,
+            # which means rev was something else than a commit hash
+            return False
+        # return False in the rare case rev is both a commit hash
+        # and a tag or a branch; we don't want to cache in that case
+        # because that branch/tag could point to something else in the future
+        is_tag_or_branch = bool(self.get_revision_sha(dest, rev_options.rev)[0])
+        return not is_tag_or_branch
+
+    def get_git_version(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+        version = self.run_command(
+            ["version"],
+            command_desc="git version",
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+        )
+        match = GIT_VERSION_REGEX.match(version)
+        if not match:
+            logger.warning("Can't parse git version: %s", version)
+            return ()
+        return tuple(int(c) for c in match.groups())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_current_branch(cls, location: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Return the current branch, or None if HEAD isn't at a branch
+        (e.g. detached HEAD).
+        """
+        # git-symbolic-ref exits with empty stdout if "HEAD" is a detached
+        # HEAD rather than a symbolic ref.  In addition, the -q causes the
+        # command to exit with status code 1 instead of 128 in this case
+        # and to suppress the message to stderr.
+        args = ["symbolic-ref", "-q", "HEAD"]
+        output = cls.run_command(
+            args,
+            extra_ok_returncodes=(1,),
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+            cwd=location,
+        )
+        ref = output.strip()
+
+        if ref.startswith("refs/heads/"):
+            return ref[len("refs/heads/") :]
+
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_revision_sha(cls, dest: str, rev: str) -> Tuple[Optional[str], bool]:
+        """
+        Return (sha_or_none, is_branch), where sha_or_none is a commit hash
+        if the revision names a remote branch or tag, otherwise None.
+
+        Args:
+          dest: the repository directory.
+          rev: the revision name.
+        """
+        # Pass rev to pre-filter the list.
+        output = cls.run_command(
+            ["show-ref", rev],
+            cwd=dest,
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+            on_returncode="ignore",
+        )
+        refs = {}
+        # NOTE: We do not use splitlines here since that would split on other
+        #       unicode separators, which can be maliciously used to install a
+        #       different revision.
+        for line in output.strip().split("\n"):
+            line = line.rstrip("\r")
+            if not line:
+                continue
+            try:
+                ref_sha, ref_name = line.split(" ", maxsplit=2)
+            except ValueError:
+                # Include the offending line to simplify troubleshooting if
+                # this error ever occurs.
+                raise ValueError(f"unexpected show-ref line: {line!r}")
+
+            refs[ref_name] = ref_sha
+
+        branch_ref = f"refs/remotes/origin/{rev}"
+        tag_ref = f"refs/tags/{rev}"
+
+        sha = refs.get(branch_ref)
+        if sha is not None:
+            return (sha, True)
+
+        sha = refs.get(tag_ref)
+
+        return (sha, False)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _should_fetch(cls, dest: str, rev: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return true if rev is a ref or is a commit that we don't have locally.
+
+        Branches and tags are not considered in this method because they are
+        assumed to be always available locally (which is a normal outcome of
+        ``git clone`` and ``git fetch --tags``).
+        """
+        if rev.startswith("refs/"):
+            # Always fetch remote refs.
+            return True
+
+        if not looks_like_hash(rev):
+            # Git fetch would fail with abbreviated commits.
+            return False
+
+        if cls.has_commit(dest, rev):
+            # Don't fetch if we have the commit locally.
+            return False
+
+        return True
+
+    @classmethod
+    def resolve_revision(
+        cls, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions
+    ) -> RevOptions:
+        """
+        Resolve a revision to a new RevOptions object with the SHA1 of the
+        branch, tag, or ref if found.
+
+        Args:
+          rev_options: a RevOptions object.
+        """
+        rev = rev_options.arg_rev
+        # The arg_rev property's implementation for Git ensures that the
+        # rev return value is always non-None.
+        assert rev is not None
+
+        sha, is_branch = cls.get_revision_sha(dest, rev)
+
+        if sha is not None:
+            rev_options = rev_options.make_new(sha)
+            rev_options.branch_name = rev if is_branch else None
+
+            return rev_options
+
+        # Do not show a warning for the common case of something that has
+        # the form of a Git commit hash.
+        if not looks_like_hash(rev):
+            logger.warning(
+                "Did not find branch or tag '%s', assuming revision or ref.",
+                rev,
+            )
+
+        if not cls._should_fetch(dest, rev):
+            return rev_options
+
+        # fetch the requested revision
+        cls.run_command(
+            make_command("fetch", "-q", url, rev_options.to_args()),
+            cwd=dest,
+        )
+        # Change the revision to the SHA of the ref we fetched
+        sha = cls.get_revision(dest, rev="FETCH_HEAD")
+        rev_options = rev_options.make_new(sha)
+
+        return rev_options
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_commit_id_equal(cls, dest: str, name: Optional[str]) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return whether the current commit hash equals the given name.
+
+        Args:
+          dest: the repository directory.
+          name: a string name.
+        """
+        if not name:
+            # Then avoid an unnecessary subprocess call.
+            return False
+
+        return cls.get_revision(dest) == name
+
+    def fetch_new(
+        self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions, verbosity: int
+    ) -> None:
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        logger.info("Cloning %s%s to %s", url, rev_display, display_path(dest))
+        if verbosity <= 0:
+            flags: Tuple[str, ...] = ("--quiet",)
+        elif verbosity == 1:
+            flags = ()
+        else:
+            flags = ("--verbose", "--progress")
+        if self.get_git_version() >= (2, 17):
+            # Git added support for partial clone in 2.17
+            # https://git-scm.com/docs/partial-clone
+            # Speeds up cloning by functioning without a complete copy of repository
+            self.run_command(
+                make_command(
+                    "clone",
+                    "--filter=blob:none",
+                    *flags,
+                    url,
+                    dest,
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            self.run_command(make_command("clone", *flags, url, dest))
+
+        if rev_options.rev:
+            # Then a specific revision was requested.
+            rev_options = self.resolve_revision(dest, url, rev_options)
+            branch_name = getattr(rev_options, "branch_name", None)
+            logger.debug("Rev options %s, branch_name %s", rev_options, branch_name)
+            if branch_name is None:
+                # Only do a checkout if the current commit id doesn't match
+                # the requested revision.
+                if not self.is_commit_id_equal(dest, rev_options.rev):
+                    cmd_args = make_command(
+                        "checkout",
+                        "-q",
+                        rev_options.to_args(),
+                    )
+                    self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+            elif self.get_current_branch(dest) != branch_name:
+                # Then a specific branch was requested, and that branch
+                # is not yet checked out.
+                track_branch = f"origin/{branch_name}"
+                cmd_args = [
+                    "checkout",
+                    "-b",
+                    branch_name,
+                    "--track",
+                    track_branch,
+                ]
+                self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+        else:
+            sha = self.get_revision(dest)
+            rev_options = rev_options.make_new(sha)
+
+        logger.info("Resolved %s to commit %s", url, rev_options.rev)
+
+        #: repo may contain submodules
+        self.update_submodules(dest)
+
+    def switch(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        self.run_command(
+            make_command("config", "remote.origin.url", url),
+            cwd=dest,
+        )
+        cmd_args = make_command("checkout", "-q", rev_options.to_args())
+        self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+        self.update_submodules(dest)
+
+    def update(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        # First fetch changes from the default remote
+        if self.get_git_version() >= (1, 9):
+            # fetch tags in addition to everything else
+            self.run_command(["fetch", "-q", "--tags"], cwd=dest)
+        else:
+            self.run_command(["fetch", "-q"], cwd=dest)
+        # Then reset to wanted revision (maybe even origin/master)
+        rev_options = self.resolve_revision(dest, url, rev_options)
+        cmd_args = make_command("reset", "--hard", "-q", rev_options.to_args())
+        self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+        #: update submodules
+        self.update_submodules(dest)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_remote_url(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Return URL of the first remote encountered.
+
+        Raises RemoteNotFoundError if the repository does not have a remote
+        url configured.
+        """
+        # We need to pass 1 for extra_ok_returncodes since the command
+        # exits with return code 1 if there are no matching lines.
+        stdout = cls.run_command(
+            ["config", "--get-regexp", r"remote\..*\.url"],
+            extra_ok_returncodes=(1,),
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+            cwd=location,
+        )
+        remotes = stdout.splitlines()
+        try:
+            found_remote = remotes[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            raise RemoteNotFoundError
+
+        for remote in remotes:
+            if remote.startswith("remote.origin.url "):
+                found_remote = remote
+                break
+        url = found_remote.split(" ")[1]
+        return cls._git_remote_to_pip_url(url.strip())
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _git_remote_to_pip_url(url: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Convert a remote url from what git uses to what pip accepts.
+
+        There are 3 legal forms **url** may take:
+
+            1. A fully qualified url: ssh://git@example.com/foo/bar.git
+            2. A local project.git folder: /path/to/bare/repository.git
+            3. SCP shorthand for form 1: git@example.com:foo/bar.git
+
+        Form 1 is output as-is. Form 2 must be converted to URI and form 3 must
+        be converted to form 1.
+
+        See the corresponding test test_git_remote_url_to_pip() for examples of
+        sample inputs/outputs.
+        """
+        if re.match(r"\w+://", url):
+            # This is already valid. Pass it though as-is.
+            return url
+        if os.path.exists(url):
+            # A local bare remote (git clone --mirror).
+            # Needs a file:// prefix.
+            return pathlib.PurePath(url).as_uri()
+        scp_match = SCP_REGEX.match(url)
+        if scp_match:
+            # Add an ssh:// prefix and replace the ':' with a '/'.
+            return scp_match.expand(r"ssh://\1\2/\3")
+        # Otherwise, bail out.
+        raise RemoteNotValidError(url)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def has_commit(cls, location: str, rev: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if rev is a commit that is available in the local repository.
+        """
+        try:
+            cls.run_command(
+                ["rev-parse", "-q", "--verify", "sha^" + rev],
+                cwd=location,
+                log_failed_cmd=False,
+            )
+        except InstallationError:
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_revision(cls, location: str, rev: Optional[str] = None) -> str:
+        if rev is None:
+            rev = "HEAD"
+        current_rev = cls.run_command(
+            ["rev-parse", rev],
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+            cwd=location,
+        )
+        return current_rev.strip()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_subdirectory(cls, location: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Return the path to Python project root, relative to the repo root.
+        Return None if the project root is in the repo root.
+        """
+        # find the repo root
+        git_dir = cls.run_command(
+            ["rev-parse", "--git-dir"],
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+            cwd=location,
+        ).strip()
+        if not os.path.isabs(git_dir):
+            git_dir = os.path.join(location, git_dir)
+        repo_root = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(git_dir, ".."))
+        return find_path_to_project_root_from_repo_root(location, repo_root)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_url_rev_and_auth(cls, url: str) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str], AuthInfo]:
+        """
+        Prefixes stub URLs like 'user@hostname:user/repo.git' with 'ssh://'.
+        That's required because although they use SSH they sometimes don't
+        work with a ssh:// scheme (e.g. GitHub). But we need a scheme for
+        parsing. Hence we remove it again afterwards and return it as a stub.
+        """
+        # Works around an apparent Git bug
+        # (see https://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/146500)
+        scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urlsplit(url)
+        if scheme.endswith("file"):
+            initial_slashes = path[: -len(path.lstrip("/"))]
+            newpath = initial_slashes + urllib.request.url2pathname(path).replace(
+                "\\", "/"
+            ).lstrip("/")
+            after_plus = scheme.find("+") + 1
+            url = scheme[:after_plus] + urlunsplit(
+                (scheme[after_plus:], netloc, newpath, query, fragment),
+            )
+
+        if "://" not in url:
+            assert "file:" not in url
+            url = url.replace("git+", "git+ssh://")
+            url, rev, user_pass = super().get_url_rev_and_auth(url)
+            url = url.replace("ssh://", "")
+        else:
+            url, rev, user_pass = super().get_url_rev_and_auth(url)
+
+        return url, rev, user_pass
+
+    @classmethod
+    def update_submodules(cls, location: str) -> None:
+        if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(location, ".gitmodules")):
+            return
+        cls.run_command(
+            ["submodule", "update", "--init", "--recursive", "-q"],
+            cwd=location,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_repository_root(cls, location: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        loc = super().get_repository_root(location)
+        if loc:
+            return loc
+        try:
+            r = cls.run_command(
+                ["rev-parse", "--show-toplevel"],
+                cwd=location,
+                show_stdout=False,
+                stdout_only=True,
+                on_returncode="raise",
+                log_failed_cmd=False,
+            )
+        except BadCommand:
+            logger.debug(
+                "could not determine if %s is under git control "
+                "because git is not available",
+                location,
+            )
+            return None
+        except InstallationError:
+            return None
+        return os.path.normpath(r.rstrip("\r\n"))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def should_add_vcs_url_prefix(repo_url: str) -> bool:
+        """In either https or ssh form, requirements must be prefixed with git+."""
+        return True
+
+
+vcs.register(Git)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/mercurial.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/mercurial.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a005e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/mercurial.py
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+import configparser
+import logging
+import os
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import BadCommand, InstallationError
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import HiddenText, display_path
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import make_command
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import path_to_url
+from pip._internal.vcs.versioncontrol import (
+    RevOptions,
+    VersionControl,
+    find_path_to_project_root_from_repo_root,
+    vcs,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Mercurial(VersionControl):
+    name = "hg"
+    dirname = ".hg"
+    repo_name = "clone"
+    schemes = (
+        "hg+file",
+        "hg+http",
+        "hg+https",
+        "hg+ssh",
+        "hg+static-http",
+    )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_base_rev_args(rev: str) -> List[str]:
+        return [rev]
+
+    def fetch_new(
+        self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions, verbosity: int
+    ) -> None:
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        logger.info(
+            "Cloning hg %s%s to %s",
+            url,
+            rev_display,
+            display_path(dest),
+        )
+        if verbosity <= 0:
+            flags: Tuple[str, ...] = ("--quiet",)
+        elif verbosity == 1:
+            flags = ()
+        elif verbosity == 2:
+            flags = ("--verbose",)
+        else:
+            flags = ("--verbose", "--debug")
+        self.run_command(make_command("clone", "--noupdate", *flags, url, dest))
+        self.run_command(
+            make_command("update", *flags, rev_options.to_args()),
+            cwd=dest,
+        )
+
+    def switch(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        repo_config = os.path.join(dest, self.dirname, "hgrc")
+        config = configparser.RawConfigParser()
+        try:
+            config.read(repo_config)
+            config.set("paths", "default", url.secret)
+            with open(repo_config, "w") as config_file:
+                config.write(config_file)
+        except (OSError, configparser.NoSectionError) as exc:
+            logger.warning("Could not switch Mercurial repository to %s: %s", url, exc)
+        else:
+            cmd_args = make_command("update", "-q", rev_options.to_args())
+            self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+    def update(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        self.run_command(["pull", "-q"], cwd=dest)
+        cmd_args = make_command("update", "-q", rev_options.to_args())
+        self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_remote_url(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        url = cls.run_command(
+            ["showconfig", "paths.default"],
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+            cwd=location,
+        ).strip()
+        if cls._is_local_repository(url):
+            url = path_to_url(url)
+        return url.strip()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_revision(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the repository-local changeset revision number, as an integer.
+        """
+        current_revision = cls.run_command(
+            ["parents", "--template={rev}"],
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+            cwd=location,
+        ).strip()
+        return current_revision
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_requirement_revision(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the changeset identification hash, as a 40-character
+        hexadecimal string
+        """
+        current_rev_hash = cls.run_command(
+            ["parents", "--template={node}"],
+            show_stdout=False,
+            stdout_only=True,
+            cwd=location,
+        ).strip()
+        return current_rev_hash
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_commit_id_equal(cls, dest: str, name: Optional[str]) -> bool:
+        """Always assume the versions don't match"""
+        return False
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_subdirectory(cls, location: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Return the path to Python project root, relative to the repo root.
+        Return None if the project root is in the repo root.
+        """
+        # find the repo root
+        repo_root = cls.run_command(
+            ["root"], show_stdout=False, stdout_only=True, cwd=location
+        ).strip()
+        if not os.path.isabs(repo_root):
+            repo_root = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(location, repo_root))
+        return find_path_to_project_root_from_repo_root(location, repo_root)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_repository_root(cls, location: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        loc = super().get_repository_root(location)
+        if loc:
+            return loc
+        try:
+            r = cls.run_command(
+                ["root"],
+                cwd=location,
+                show_stdout=False,
+                stdout_only=True,
+                on_returncode="raise",
+                log_failed_cmd=False,
+            )
+        except BadCommand:
+            logger.debug(
+                "could not determine if %s is under hg control "
+                "because hg is not available",
+                location,
+            )
+            return None
+        except InstallationError:
+            return None
+        return os.path.normpath(r.rstrip("\r\n"))
+
+
+vcs.register(Mercurial)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/subversion.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/subversion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..89c8754
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/subversion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    HiddenText,
+    display_path,
+    is_console_interactive,
+    is_installable_dir,
+    split_auth_from_netloc,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import CommandArgs, make_command
+from pip._internal.vcs.versioncontrol import (
+    AuthInfo,
+    RemoteNotFoundError,
+    RevOptions,
+    VersionControl,
+    vcs,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_svn_xml_url_re = re.compile('url="([^"]+)"')
+_svn_rev_re = re.compile(r'committed-rev="(\d+)"')
+_svn_info_xml_rev_re = re.compile(r'\s*revision="(\d+)"')
+_svn_info_xml_url_re = re.compile(r"<url>(.*)</url>")
+
+
+class Subversion(VersionControl):
+    name = "svn"
+    dirname = ".svn"
+    repo_name = "checkout"
+    schemes = ("svn+ssh", "svn+http", "svn+https", "svn+svn", "svn+file")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def should_add_vcs_url_prefix(cls, remote_url: str) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_base_rev_args(rev: str) -> List[str]:
+        return ["-r", rev]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_revision(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the maximum revision for all files under a given location
+        """
+        # Note: taken from setuptools.command.egg_info
+        revision = 0
+
+        for base, dirs, _ in os.walk(location):
+            if cls.dirname not in dirs:
+                dirs[:] = []
+                continue  # no sense walking uncontrolled subdirs
+            dirs.remove(cls.dirname)
+            entries_fn = os.path.join(base, cls.dirname, "entries")
+            if not os.path.exists(entries_fn):
+                # FIXME: should we warn?
+                continue
+
+            dirurl, localrev = cls._get_svn_url_rev(base)
+
+            if base == location:
+                assert dirurl is not None
+                base = dirurl + "/"  # save the root url
+            elif not dirurl or not dirurl.startswith(base):
+                dirs[:] = []
+                continue  # not part of the same svn tree, skip it
+            revision = max(revision, localrev)
+        return str(revision)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_netloc_and_auth(
+        cls, netloc: str, scheme: str
+    ) -> Tuple[str, Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str]]]:
+        """
+        This override allows the auth information to be passed to svn via the
+        --username and --password options instead of via the URL.
+        """
+        if scheme == "ssh":
+            # The --username and --password options can't be used for
+            # svn+ssh URLs, so keep the auth information in the URL.
+            return super().get_netloc_and_auth(netloc, scheme)
+
+        return split_auth_from_netloc(netloc)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_url_rev_and_auth(cls, url: str) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str], AuthInfo]:
+        # hotfix the URL scheme after removing svn+ from svn+ssh:// readd it
+        url, rev, user_pass = super().get_url_rev_and_auth(url)
+        if url.startswith("ssh://"):
+            url = "svn+" + url
+        return url, rev, user_pass
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def make_rev_args(
+        username: Optional[str], password: Optional[HiddenText]
+    ) -> CommandArgs:
+        extra_args: CommandArgs = []
+        if username:
+            extra_args += ["--username", username]
+        if password:
+            extra_args += ["--password", password]
+
+        return extra_args
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_remote_url(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        # In cases where the source is in a subdirectory, we have to look up in
+        # the location until we find a valid project root.
+        orig_location = location
+        while not is_installable_dir(location):
+            last_location = location
+            location = os.path.dirname(location)
+            if location == last_location:
+                # We've traversed up to the root of the filesystem without
+                # finding a Python project.
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Could not find Python project for directory %s (tried all "
+                    "parent directories)",
+                    orig_location,
+                )
+                raise RemoteNotFoundError
+
+        url, _rev = cls._get_svn_url_rev(location)
+        if url is None:
+            raise RemoteNotFoundError
+
+        return url
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_svn_url_rev(cls, location: str) -> Tuple[Optional[str], int]:
+        from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+
+        entries_path = os.path.join(location, cls.dirname, "entries")
+        if os.path.exists(entries_path):
+            with open(entries_path) as f:
+                data = f.read()
+        else:  # subversion >= 1.7 does not have the 'entries' file
+            data = ""
+
+        url = None
+        if data.startswith("8") or data.startswith("9") or data.startswith("10"):
+            entries = list(map(str.splitlines, data.split("\n\x0c\n")))
+            del entries[0][0]  # get rid of the '8'
+            url = entries[0][3]
+            revs = [int(d[9]) for d in entries if len(d) > 9 and d[9]] + [0]
+        elif data.startswith("<?xml"):
+            match = _svn_xml_url_re.search(data)
+            if not match:
+                raise ValueError(f"Badly formatted data: {data!r}")
+            url = match.group(1)  # get repository URL
+            revs = [int(m.group(1)) for m in _svn_rev_re.finditer(data)] + [0]
+        else:
+            try:
+                # subversion >= 1.7
+                # Note that using get_remote_call_options is not necessary here
+                # because `svn info` is being run against a local directory.
+                # We don't need to worry about making sure interactive mode
+                # is being used to prompt for passwords, because passwords
+                # are only potentially needed for remote server requests.
+                xml = cls.run_command(
+                    ["info", "--xml", location],
+                    show_stdout=False,
+                    stdout_only=True,
+                )
+                match = _svn_info_xml_url_re.search(xml)
+                assert match is not None
+                url = match.group(1)
+                revs = [int(m.group(1)) for m in _svn_info_xml_rev_re.finditer(xml)]
+            except InstallationError:
+                url, revs = None, []
+
+        if revs:
+            rev = max(revs)
+        else:
+            rev = 0
+
+        return url, rev
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_commit_id_equal(cls, dest: str, name: Optional[str]) -> bool:
+        """Always assume the versions don't match"""
+        return False
+
+    def __init__(self, use_interactive: bool = None) -> None:
+        if use_interactive is None:
+            use_interactive = is_console_interactive()
+        self.use_interactive = use_interactive
+
+        # This member is used to cache the fetched version of the current
+        # ``svn`` client.
+        # Special value definitions:
+        #   None: Not evaluated yet.
+        #   Empty tuple: Could not parse version.
+        self._vcs_version: Optional[Tuple[int, ...]] = None
+
+        super().__init__()
+
+    def call_vcs_version(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+        """Query the version of the currently installed Subversion client.
+
+        :return: A tuple containing the parts of the version information or
+            ``()`` if the version returned from ``svn`` could not be parsed.
+        :raises: BadCommand: If ``svn`` is not installed.
+        """
+        # Example versions:
+        #   svn, version 1.10.3 (r1842928)
+        #      compiled Feb 25 2019, 14:20:39 on x86_64-apple-darwin17.0.0
+        #   svn, version 1.7.14 (r1542130)
+        #      compiled Mar 28 2018, 08:49:13 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
+        #   svn, version 1.12.0-SlikSvn (SlikSvn/1.12.0)
+        #      compiled May 28 2019, 13:44:56 on x86_64-microsoft-windows6.2
+        version_prefix = "svn, version "
+        version = self.run_command(["--version"], show_stdout=False, stdout_only=True)
+        if not version.startswith(version_prefix):
+            return ()
+
+        version = version[len(version_prefix) :].split()[0]
+        version_list = version.partition("-")[0].split(".")
+        try:
+            parsed_version = tuple(map(int, version_list))
+        except ValueError:
+            return ()
+
+        return parsed_version
+
+    def get_vcs_version(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+        """Return the version of the currently installed Subversion client.
+
+        If the version of the Subversion client has already been queried,
+        a cached value will be used.
+
+        :return: A tuple containing the parts of the version information or
+            ``()`` if the version returned from ``svn`` could not be parsed.
+        :raises: BadCommand: If ``svn`` is not installed.
+        """
+        if self._vcs_version is not None:
+            # Use cached version, if available.
+            # If parsing the version failed previously (empty tuple),
+            # do not attempt to parse it again.
+            return self._vcs_version
+
+        vcs_version = self.call_vcs_version()
+        self._vcs_version = vcs_version
+        return vcs_version
+
+    def get_remote_call_options(self) -> CommandArgs:
+        """Return options to be used on calls to Subversion that contact the server.
+
+        These options are applicable for the following ``svn`` subcommands used
+        in this class.
+
+            - checkout
+            - switch
+            - update
+
+        :return: A list of command line arguments to pass to ``svn``.
+        """
+        if not self.use_interactive:
+            # --non-interactive switch is available since Subversion 0.14.4.
+            # Subversion < 1.8 runs in interactive mode by default.
+            return ["--non-interactive"]
+
+        svn_version = self.get_vcs_version()
+        # By default, Subversion >= 1.8 runs in non-interactive mode if
+        # stdin is not a TTY. Since that is how pip invokes SVN, in
+        # call_subprocess(), pip must pass --force-interactive to ensure
+        # the user can be prompted for a password, if required.
+        #   SVN added the --force-interactive option in SVN 1.8. Since
+        # e.g. RHEL/CentOS 7, which is supported until 2024, ships with
+        # SVN 1.7, pip should continue to support SVN 1.7. Therefore, pip
+        # can't safely add the option if the SVN version is < 1.8 (or unknown).
+        if svn_version >= (1, 8):
+            return ["--force-interactive"]
+
+        return []
+
+    def fetch_new(
+        self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions, verbosity: int
+    ) -> None:
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        logger.info(
+            "Checking out %s%s to %s",
+            url,
+            rev_display,
+            display_path(dest),
+        )
+        if verbosity <= 0:
+            flag = "--quiet"
+        else:
+            flag = ""
+        cmd_args = make_command(
+            "checkout",
+            flag,
+            self.get_remote_call_options(),
+            rev_options.to_args(),
+            url,
+            dest,
+        )
+        self.run_command(cmd_args)
+
+    def switch(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        cmd_args = make_command(
+            "switch",
+            self.get_remote_call_options(),
+            rev_options.to_args(),
+            url,
+            dest,
+        )
+        self.run_command(cmd_args)
+
+    def update(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        cmd_args = make_command(
+            "update",
+            self.get_remote_call_options(),
+            rev_options.to_args(),
+            dest,
+        )
+        self.run_command(cmd_args)
+
+
+vcs.register(Subversion)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/versioncontrol.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/versioncontrol.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02bbf68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/versioncontrol.py
@@ -0,0 +1,705 @@
+"""Handles all VCS (version control) support"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+import sys
+import urllib.parse
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from pip._internal.cli.spinners import SpinnerInterface
+from pip._internal.exceptions import BadCommand, InstallationError
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    HiddenText,
+    ask_path_exists,
+    backup_dir,
+    display_path,
+    hide_url,
+    hide_value,
+    is_installable_dir,
+    rmtree,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import (
+    CommandArgs,
+    call_subprocess,
+    format_command_args,
+    make_command,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import get_url_scheme
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    # Literal was introduced in Python 3.8.
+    #
+    # TODO: Remove `if TYPE_CHECKING` when dropping support for Python 3.7.
+    from typing import Literal
+
+
+__all__ = ["vcs"]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+AuthInfo = Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str]]
+
+
+def is_url(name: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    Return true if the name looks like a URL.
+    """
+    scheme = get_url_scheme(name)
+    if scheme is None:
+        return False
+    return scheme in ["http", "https", "file", "ftp"] + vcs.all_schemes
+
+
+def make_vcs_requirement_url(
+    repo_url: str, rev: str, project_name: str, subdir: Optional[str] = None
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Return the URL for a VCS requirement.
+
+    Args:
+      repo_url: the remote VCS url, with any needed VCS prefix (e.g. "git+").
+      project_name: the (unescaped) project name.
+    """
+    egg_project_name = project_name.replace("-", "_")
+    req = f"{repo_url}@{rev}#egg={egg_project_name}"
+    if subdir:
+        req += f"&subdirectory={subdir}"
+
+    return req
+
+
+def find_path_to_project_root_from_repo_root(
+    location: str, repo_root: str
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Find the the Python project's root by searching up the filesystem from
+    `location`. Return the path to project root relative to `repo_root`.
+    Return None if the project root is `repo_root`, or cannot be found.
+    """
+    # find project root.
+    orig_location = location
+    while not is_installable_dir(location):
+        last_location = location
+        location = os.path.dirname(location)
+        if location == last_location:
+            # We've traversed up to the root of the filesystem without
+            # finding a Python project.
+            logger.warning(
+                "Could not find a Python project for directory %s (tried all "
+                "parent directories)",
+                orig_location,
+            )
+            return None
+
+    if os.path.samefile(repo_root, location):
+        return None
+
+    return os.path.relpath(location, repo_root)
+
+
+class RemoteNotFoundError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class RemoteNotValidError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, url: str):
+        super().__init__(url)
+        self.url = url
+
+
+class RevOptions:
+
+    """
+    Encapsulates a VCS-specific revision to install, along with any VCS
+    install options.
+
+    Instances of this class should be treated as if immutable.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        vc_class: Type["VersionControl"],
+        rev: Optional[str] = None,
+        extra_args: Optional[CommandArgs] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Args:
+          vc_class: a VersionControl subclass.
+          rev: the name of the revision to install.
+          extra_args: a list of extra options.
+        """
+        if extra_args is None:
+            extra_args = []
+
+        self.extra_args = extra_args
+        self.rev = rev
+        self.vc_class = vc_class
+        self.branch_name: Optional[str] = None
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<RevOptions {self.vc_class.name}: rev={self.rev!r}>"
+
+    @property
+    def arg_rev(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        if self.rev is None:
+            return self.vc_class.default_arg_rev
+
+        return self.rev
+
+    def to_args(self) -> CommandArgs:
+        """
+        Return the VCS-specific command arguments.
+        """
+        args: CommandArgs = []
+        rev = self.arg_rev
+        if rev is not None:
+            args += self.vc_class.get_base_rev_args(rev)
+        args += self.extra_args
+
+        return args
+
+    def to_display(self) -> str:
+        if not self.rev:
+            return ""
+
+        return f" (to revision {self.rev})"
+
+    def make_new(self, rev: str) -> "RevOptions":
+        """
+        Make a copy of the current instance, but with a new rev.
+
+        Args:
+          rev: the name of the revision for the new object.
+        """
+        return self.vc_class.make_rev_options(rev, extra_args=self.extra_args)
+
+
+class VcsSupport:
+    _registry: Dict[str, "VersionControl"] = {}
+    schemes = ["ssh", "git", "hg", "bzr", "sftp", "svn"]
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        # Register more schemes with urlparse for various version control
+        # systems
+        urllib.parse.uses_netloc.extend(self.schemes)
+        super().__init__()
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        return self._registry.__iter__()
+
+    @property
+    def backends(self) -> List["VersionControl"]:
+        return list(self._registry.values())
+
+    @property
+    def dirnames(self) -> List[str]:
+        return [backend.dirname for backend in self.backends]
+
+    @property
+    def all_schemes(self) -> List[str]:
+        schemes: List[str] = []
+        for backend in self.backends:
+            schemes.extend(backend.schemes)
+        return schemes
+
+    def register(self, cls: Type["VersionControl"]) -> None:
+        if not hasattr(cls, "name"):
+            logger.warning("Cannot register VCS %s", cls.__name__)
+            return
+        if cls.name not in self._registry:
+            self._registry[cls.name] = cls()
+            logger.debug("Registered VCS backend: %s", cls.name)
+
+    def unregister(self, name: str) -> None:
+        if name in self._registry:
+            del self._registry[name]
+
+    def get_backend_for_dir(self, location: str) -> Optional["VersionControl"]:
+        """
+        Return a VersionControl object if a repository of that type is found
+        at the given directory.
+        """
+        vcs_backends = {}
+        for vcs_backend in self._registry.values():
+            repo_path = vcs_backend.get_repository_root(location)
+            if not repo_path:
+                continue
+            logger.debug("Determine that %s uses VCS: %s", location, vcs_backend.name)
+            vcs_backends[repo_path] = vcs_backend
+
+        if not vcs_backends:
+            return None
+
+        # Choose the VCS in the inner-most directory. Since all repository
+        # roots found here would be either `location` or one of its
+        # parents, the longest path should have the most path components,
+        # i.e. the backend representing the inner-most repository.
+        inner_most_repo_path = max(vcs_backends, key=len)
+        return vcs_backends[inner_most_repo_path]
+
+    def get_backend_for_scheme(self, scheme: str) -> Optional["VersionControl"]:
+        """
+        Return a VersionControl object or None.
+        """
+        for vcs_backend in self._registry.values():
+            if scheme in vcs_backend.schemes:
+                return vcs_backend
+        return None
+
+    def get_backend(self, name: str) -> Optional["VersionControl"]:
+        """
+        Return a VersionControl object or None.
+        """
+        name = name.lower()
+        return self._registry.get(name)
+
+
+vcs = VcsSupport()
+
+
+class VersionControl:
+    name = ""
+    dirname = ""
+    repo_name = ""
+    # List of supported schemes for this Version Control
+    schemes: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    # Iterable of environment variable names to pass to call_subprocess().
+    unset_environ: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    default_arg_rev: Optional[str] = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def should_add_vcs_url_prefix(cls, remote_url: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return whether the vcs prefix (e.g. "git+") should be added to a
+        repository's remote url when used in a requirement.
+        """
+        return not remote_url.lower().startswith(f"{cls.name}:")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_subdirectory(cls, location: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Return the path to Python project root, relative to the repo root.
+        Return None if the project root is in the repo root.
+        """
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_requirement_revision(cls, repo_dir: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the revision string that should be used in a requirement.
+        """
+        return cls.get_revision(repo_dir)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_src_requirement(cls, repo_dir: str, project_name: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the requirement string to use to redownload the files
+        currently at the given repository directory.
+
+        Args:
+          project_name: the (unescaped) project name.
+
+        The return value has a form similar to the following:
+
+            {repository_url}@{revision}#egg={project_name}
+        """
+        repo_url = cls.get_remote_url(repo_dir)
+
+        if cls.should_add_vcs_url_prefix(repo_url):
+            repo_url = f"{cls.name}+{repo_url}"
+
+        revision = cls.get_requirement_revision(repo_dir)
+        subdir = cls.get_subdirectory(repo_dir)
+        req = make_vcs_requirement_url(repo_url, revision, project_name, subdir=subdir)
+
+        return req
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_base_rev_args(rev: str) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Return the base revision arguments for a vcs command.
+
+        Args:
+          rev: the name of a revision to install.  Cannot be None.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def is_immutable_rev_checkout(self, url: str, dest: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return true if the commit hash checked out at dest matches
+        the revision in url.
+
+        Always return False, if the VCS does not support immutable commit
+        hashes.
+
+        This method does not check if there are local uncommitted changes
+        in dest after checkout, as pip currently has no use case for that.
+        """
+        return False
+
+    @classmethod
+    def make_rev_options(
+        cls, rev: Optional[str] = None, extra_args: Optional[CommandArgs] = None
+    ) -> RevOptions:
+        """
+        Return a RevOptions object.
+
+        Args:
+          rev: the name of a revision to install.
+          extra_args: a list of extra options.
+        """
+        return RevOptions(cls, rev, extra_args=extra_args)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _is_local_repository(cls, repo: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        posix absolute paths start with os.path.sep,
+        win32 ones start with drive (like c:\\folder)
+        """
+        drive, tail = os.path.splitdrive(repo)
+        return repo.startswith(os.path.sep) or bool(drive)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_netloc_and_auth(
+        cls, netloc: str, scheme: str
+    ) -> Tuple[str, Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str]]]:
+        """
+        Parse the repository URL's netloc, and return the new netloc to use
+        along with auth information.
+
+        Args:
+          netloc: the original repository URL netloc.
+          scheme: the repository URL's scheme without the vcs prefix.
+
+        This is mainly for the Subversion class to override, so that auth
+        information can be provided via the --username and --password options
+        instead of through the URL.  For other subclasses like Git without
+        such an option, auth information must stay in the URL.
+
+        Returns: (netloc, (username, password)).
+        """
+        return netloc, (None, None)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_url_rev_and_auth(cls, url: str) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str], AuthInfo]:
+        """
+        Parse the repository URL to use, and return the URL, revision,
+        and auth info to use.
+
+        Returns: (url, rev, (username, password)).
+        """
+        scheme, netloc, path, query, frag = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
+        if "+" not in scheme:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Sorry, {!r} is a malformed VCS url. "
+                "The format is <vcs>+<protocol>://<url>, "
+                "e.g. svn+http://myrepo/svn/MyApp#egg=MyApp".format(url)
+            )
+        # Remove the vcs prefix.
+        scheme = scheme.split("+", 1)[1]
+        netloc, user_pass = cls.get_netloc_and_auth(netloc, scheme)
+        rev = None
+        if "@" in path:
+            path, rev = path.rsplit("@", 1)
+            if not rev:
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "The URL {!r} has an empty revision (after @) "
+                    "which is not supported. Include a revision after @ "
+                    "or remove @ from the URL.".format(url)
+                )
+        url = urllib.parse.urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, ""))
+        return url, rev, user_pass
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def make_rev_args(
+        username: Optional[str], password: Optional[HiddenText]
+    ) -> CommandArgs:
+        """
+        Return the RevOptions "extra arguments" to use in obtain().
+        """
+        return []
+
+    def get_url_rev_options(self, url: HiddenText) -> Tuple[HiddenText, RevOptions]:
+        """
+        Return the URL and RevOptions object to use in obtain(),
+        as a tuple (url, rev_options).
+        """
+        secret_url, rev, user_pass = self.get_url_rev_and_auth(url.secret)
+        username, secret_password = user_pass
+        password: Optional[HiddenText] = None
+        if secret_password is not None:
+            password = hide_value(secret_password)
+        extra_args = self.make_rev_args(username, password)
+        rev_options = self.make_rev_options(rev, extra_args=extra_args)
+
+        return hide_url(secret_url), rev_options
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def normalize_url(url: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Normalize a URL for comparison by unquoting it and removing any
+        trailing slash.
+        """
+        return urllib.parse.unquote(url).rstrip("/")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def compare_urls(cls, url1: str, url2: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Compare two repo URLs for identity, ignoring incidental differences.
+        """
+        return cls.normalize_url(url1) == cls.normalize_url(url2)
+
+    def fetch_new(
+        self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions, verbosity: int
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Fetch a revision from a repository, in the case that this is the
+        first fetch from the repository.
+
+        Args:
+          dest: the directory to fetch the repository to.
+          rev_options: a RevOptions object.
+          verbosity: verbosity level.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def switch(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        """
+        Switch the repo at ``dest`` to point to ``URL``.
+
+        Args:
+          rev_options: a RevOptions object.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def update(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, rev_options: RevOptions) -> None:
+        """
+        Update an already-existing repo to the given ``rev_options``.
+
+        Args:
+          rev_options: a RevOptions object.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_commit_id_equal(cls, dest: str, name: Optional[str]) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return whether the id of the current commit equals the given name.
+
+        Args:
+          dest: the repository directory.
+          name: a string name.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def obtain(self, dest: str, url: HiddenText, verbosity: int) -> None:
+        """
+        Install or update in editable mode the package represented by this
+        VersionControl object.
+
+        :param dest: the repository directory in which to install or update.
+        :param url: the repository URL starting with a vcs prefix.
+        :param verbosity: verbosity level.
+        """
+        url, rev_options = self.get_url_rev_options(url)
+
+        if not os.path.exists(dest):
+            self.fetch_new(dest, url, rev_options, verbosity=verbosity)
+            return
+
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        if self.is_repository_directory(dest):
+            existing_url = self.get_remote_url(dest)
+            if self.compare_urls(existing_url, url.secret):
+                logger.debug(
+                    "%s in %s exists, and has correct URL (%s)",
+                    self.repo_name.title(),
+                    display_path(dest),
+                    url,
+                )
+                if not self.is_commit_id_equal(dest, rev_options.rev):
+                    logger.info(
+                        "Updating %s %s%s",
+                        display_path(dest),
+                        self.repo_name,
+                        rev_display,
+                    )
+                    self.update(dest, url, rev_options)
+                else:
+                    logger.info("Skipping because already up-to-date.")
+                return
+
+            logger.warning(
+                "%s %s in %s exists with URL %s",
+                self.name,
+                self.repo_name,
+                display_path(dest),
+                existing_url,
+            )
+            prompt = ("(s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup ", ("s", "i", "w", "b"))
+        else:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Directory %s already exists, and is not a %s %s.",
+                dest,
+                self.name,
+                self.repo_name,
+            )
+            # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/1174
+            prompt = ("(i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup ", ("i", "w", "b"))  # type: ignore
+
+        logger.warning(
+            "The plan is to install the %s repository %s",
+            self.name,
+            url,
+        )
+        response = ask_path_exists("What to do?  {}".format(prompt[0]), prompt[1])
+
+        if response == "a":
+            sys.exit(-1)
+
+        if response == "w":
+            logger.warning("Deleting %s", display_path(dest))
+            rmtree(dest)
+            self.fetch_new(dest, url, rev_options, verbosity=verbosity)
+            return
+
+        if response == "b":
+            dest_dir = backup_dir(dest)
+            logger.warning("Backing up %s to %s", display_path(dest), dest_dir)
+            shutil.move(dest, dest_dir)
+            self.fetch_new(dest, url, rev_options, verbosity=verbosity)
+            return
+
+        # Do nothing if the response is "i".
+        if response == "s":
+            logger.info(
+                "Switching %s %s to %s%s",
+                self.repo_name,
+                display_path(dest),
+                url,
+                rev_display,
+            )
+            self.switch(dest, url, rev_options)
+
+    def unpack(self, location: str, url: HiddenText, verbosity: int) -> None:
+        """
+        Clean up current location and download the url repository
+        (and vcs infos) into location
+
+        :param url: the repository URL starting with a vcs prefix.
+        :param verbosity: verbosity level.
+        """
+        if os.path.exists(location):
+            rmtree(location)
+        self.obtain(location, url=url, verbosity=verbosity)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_remote_url(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the url used at location
+
+        Raises RemoteNotFoundError if the repository does not have a remote
+        url configured.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_revision(cls, location: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the current commit id of the files at the given location.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def run_command(
+        cls,
+        cmd: Union[List[str], CommandArgs],
+        show_stdout: bool = True,
+        cwd: Optional[str] = None,
+        on_returncode: 'Literal["raise", "warn", "ignore"]' = "raise",
+        extra_ok_returncodes: Optional[Iterable[int]] = None,
+        command_desc: Optional[str] = None,
+        extra_environ: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        spinner: Optional[SpinnerInterface] = None,
+        log_failed_cmd: bool = True,
+        stdout_only: bool = False,
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Run a VCS subcommand
+        This is simply a wrapper around call_subprocess that adds the VCS
+        command name, and checks that the VCS is available
+        """
+        cmd = make_command(cls.name, *cmd)
+        if command_desc is None:
+            command_desc = format_command_args(cmd)
+        try:
+            return call_subprocess(
+                cmd,
+                show_stdout,
+                cwd,
+                on_returncode=on_returncode,
+                extra_ok_returncodes=extra_ok_returncodes,
+                command_desc=command_desc,
+                extra_environ=extra_environ,
+                unset_environ=cls.unset_environ,
+                spinner=spinner,
+                log_failed_cmd=log_failed_cmd,
+                stdout_only=stdout_only,
+            )
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            # errno.ENOENT = no such file or directory
+            # In other words, the VCS executable isn't available
+            raise BadCommand(
+                f"Cannot find command {cls.name!r} - do you have "
+                f"{cls.name!r} installed and in your PATH?"
+            )
+        except PermissionError:
+            # errno.EACCES = Permission denied
+            # This error occurs, for instance, when the command is installed
+            # only for another user. So, the current user don't have
+            # permission to call the other user command.
+            raise BadCommand(
+                f"No permission to execute {cls.name!r} - install it "
+                f"locally, globally (ask admin), or check your PATH. "
+                f"See possible solutions at "
+                f"https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/reference/pip_freeze/"
+                f"#fixing-permission-denied."
+            )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_repository_directory(cls, path: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return whether a directory path is a repository directory.
+        """
+        logger.debug("Checking in %s for %s (%s)...", path, cls.dirname, cls.name)
+        return os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, cls.dirname))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_repository_root(cls, location: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Return the "root" (top-level) directory controlled by the vcs,
+        or `None` if the directory is not in any.
+
+        It is meant to be overridden to implement smarter detection
+        mechanisms for specific vcs.
+
+        This can do more than is_repository_directory() alone. For
+        example, the Git override checks that Git is actually available.
+        """
+        if cls.is_repository_directory(location):
+            return location
+        return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/wheel_builder.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/wheel_builder.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d066344
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/wheel_builder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+"""Orchestrator for building wheels from InstallRequirements.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os.path
+import re
+import shutil
+from typing import Any, Callable, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name, canonicalize_version
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import InvalidVersion, Version
+
+from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InvalidWheelFilename, UnsupportedWheel
+from pip._internal.metadata import FilesystemWheel, get_wheel_distribution
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.models.wheel import Wheel
+from pip._internal.operations.build.wheel import build_wheel_pep517
+from pip._internal.operations.build.wheel_editable import build_wheel_editable
+from pip._internal.operations.build.wheel_legacy import build_wheel_legacy
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir, hash_file, is_wheel_installed
+from pip._internal.utils.setuptools_build import make_setuptools_clean_args
+from pip._internal.utils.subprocess import call_subprocess
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import path_to_url
+from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_egg_info_re = re.compile(r"([a-z0-9_.]+)-([a-z0-9_.!+-]+)", re.IGNORECASE)
+
+BinaryAllowedPredicate = Callable[[InstallRequirement], bool]
+BuildResult = Tuple[List[InstallRequirement], List[InstallRequirement]]
+
+
+def _contains_egg_info(s: str) -> bool:
+    """Determine whether the string looks like an egg_info.
+
+    :param s: The string to parse. E.g. foo-2.1
+    """
+    return bool(_egg_info_re.search(s))
+
+
+def _should_build(
+    req: InstallRequirement,
+    need_wheel: bool,
+    check_binary_allowed: BinaryAllowedPredicate,
+) -> bool:
+    """Return whether an InstallRequirement should be built into a wheel."""
+    if req.constraint:
+        # never build requirements that are merely constraints
+        return False
+    if req.is_wheel:
+        if need_wheel:
+            logger.info(
+                "Skipping %s, due to already being wheel.",
+                req.name,
+            )
+        return False
+
+    if need_wheel:
+        # i.e. pip wheel, not pip install
+        return True
+
+    # From this point, this concerns the pip install command only
+    # (need_wheel=False).
+
+    if not req.source_dir:
+        return False
+
+    if req.editable:
+        # we only build PEP 660 editable requirements
+        return req.supports_pyproject_editable()
+
+    if req.use_pep517:
+        return True
+
+    if not check_binary_allowed(req):
+        logger.info(
+            "Skipping wheel build for %s, due to binaries being disabled for it.",
+            req.name,
+        )
+        return False
+
+    if not is_wheel_installed():
+        # we don't build legacy requirements if wheel is not installed
+        logger.info(
+            "Using legacy 'setup.py install' for %s, "
+            "since package 'wheel' is not installed.",
+            req.name,
+        )
+        return False
+
+    return True
+
+
+def should_build_for_wheel_command(
+    req: InstallRequirement,
+) -> bool:
+    return _should_build(req, need_wheel=True, check_binary_allowed=_always_true)
+
+
+def should_build_for_install_command(
+    req: InstallRequirement,
+    check_binary_allowed: BinaryAllowedPredicate,
+) -> bool:
+    return _should_build(
+        req, need_wheel=False, check_binary_allowed=check_binary_allowed
+    )
+
+
+def _should_cache(
+    req: InstallRequirement,
+) -> Optional[bool]:
+    """
+    Return whether a built InstallRequirement can be stored in the persistent
+    wheel cache, assuming the wheel cache is available, and _should_build()
+    has determined a wheel needs to be built.
+    """
+    if req.editable or not req.source_dir:
+        # never cache editable requirements
+        return False
+
+    if req.link and req.link.is_vcs:
+        # VCS checkout. Do not cache
+        # unless it points to an immutable commit hash.
+        assert not req.editable
+        assert req.source_dir
+        vcs_backend = vcs.get_backend_for_scheme(req.link.scheme)
+        assert vcs_backend
+        if vcs_backend.is_immutable_rev_checkout(req.link.url, req.source_dir):
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    assert req.link
+    base, ext = req.link.splitext()
+    if _contains_egg_info(base):
+        return True
+
+    # Otherwise, do not cache.
+    return False
+
+
+def _get_cache_dir(
+    req: InstallRequirement,
+    wheel_cache: WheelCache,
+) -> str:
+    """Return the persistent or temporary cache directory where the built
+    wheel need to be stored.
+    """
+    cache_available = bool(wheel_cache.cache_dir)
+    assert req.link
+    if cache_available and _should_cache(req):
+        cache_dir = wheel_cache.get_path_for_link(req.link)
+    else:
+        cache_dir = wheel_cache.get_ephem_path_for_link(req.link)
+    return cache_dir
+
+
+def _always_true(_: Any) -> bool:
+    return True
+
+
+def _verify_one(req: InstallRequirement, wheel_path: str) -> None:
+    canonical_name = canonicalize_name(req.name or "")
+    w = Wheel(os.path.basename(wheel_path))
+    if canonicalize_name(w.name) != canonical_name:
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+            "Wheel has unexpected file name: expected {!r}, "
+            "got {!r}".format(canonical_name, w.name),
+        )
+    dist = get_wheel_distribution(FilesystemWheel(wheel_path), canonical_name)
+    dist_verstr = str(dist.version)
+    if canonicalize_version(dist_verstr) != canonicalize_version(w.version):
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+            "Wheel has unexpected file name: expected {!r}, "
+            "got {!r}".format(dist_verstr, w.version),
+        )
+    metadata_version_value = dist.metadata_version
+    if metadata_version_value is None:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel("Missing Metadata-Version")
+    try:
+        metadata_version = Version(metadata_version_value)
+    except InvalidVersion:
+        msg = f"Invalid Metadata-Version: {metadata_version_value}"
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(msg)
+    if metadata_version >= Version("1.2") and not isinstance(dist.version, Version):
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(
+            "Metadata 1.2 mandates PEP 440 version, "
+            "but {!r} is not".format(dist_verstr)
+        )
+
+
+def _build_one(
+    req: InstallRequirement,
+    output_dir: str,
+    verify: bool,
+    build_options: List[str],
+    global_options: List[str],
+    editable: bool,
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Build one wheel.
+
+    :return: The filename of the built wheel, or None if the build failed.
+    """
+    artifact = "editable" if editable else "wheel"
+    try:
+        ensure_dir(output_dir)
+    except OSError as e:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Building %s for %s failed: %s",
+            artifact,
+            req.name,
+            e,
+        )
+        return None
+
+    # Install build deps into temporary directory (PEP 518)
+    with req.build_env:
+        wheel_path = _build_one_inside_env(
+            req, output_dir, build_options, global_options, editable
+        )
+    if wheel_path and verify:
+        try:
+            _verify_one(req, wheel_path)
+        except (InvalidWheelFilename, UnsupportedWheel) as e:
+            logger.warning("Built %s for %s is invalid: %s", artifact, req.name, e)
+            return None
+    return wheel_path
+
+
+def _build_one_inside_env(
+    req: InstallRequirement,
+    output_dir: str,
+    build_options: List[str],
+    global_options: List[str],
+    editable: bool,
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    with TempDirectory(kind="wheel") as temp_dir:
+        assert req.name
+        if req.use_pep517:
+            assert req.metadata_directory
+            assert req.pep517_backend
+            if global_options:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Ignoring --global-option when building %s using PEP 517", req.name
+                )
+            if build_options:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Ignoring --build-option when building %s using PEP 517", req.name
+                )
+            if editable:
+                wheel_path = build_wheel_editable(
+                    name=req.name,
+                    backend=req.pep517_backend,
+                    metadata_directory=req.metadata_directory,
+                    tempd=temp_dir.path,
+                )
+            else:
+                wheel_path = build_wheel_pep517(
+                    name=req.name,
+                    backend=req.pep517_backend,
+                    metadata_directory=req.metadata_directory,
+                    tempd=temp_dir.path,
+                )
+        else:
+            wheel_path = build_wheel_legacy(
+                name=req.name,
+                setup_py_path=req.setup_py_path,
+                source_dir=req.unpacked_source_directory,
+                global_options=global_options,
+                build_options=build_options,
+                tempd=temp_dir.path,
+            )
+
+        if wheel_path is not None:
+            wheel_name = os.path.basename(wheel_path)
+            dest_path = os.path.join(output_dir, wheel_name)
+            try:
+                wheel_hash, length = hash_file(wheel_path)
+                shutil.move(wheel_path, dest_path)
+                logger.info(
+                    "Created wheel for %s: filename=%s size=%d sha256=%s",
+                    req.name,
+                    wheel_name,
+                    length,
+                    wheel_hash.hexdigest(),
+                )
+                logger.info("Stored in directory: %s", output_dir)
+                return dest_path
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Building wheel for %s failed: %s",
+                    req.name,
+                    e,
+                )
+        # Ignore return, we can't do anything else useful.
+        if not req.use_pep517:
+            _clean_one_legacy(req, global_options)
+        return None
+
+
+def _clean_one_legacy(req: InstallRequirement, global_options: List[str]) -> bool:
+    clean_args = make_setuptools_clean_args(
+        req.setup_py_path,
+        global_options=global_options,
+    )
+
+    logger.info("Running setup.py clean for %s", req.name)
+    try:
+        call_subprocess(
+            clean_args, command_desc="python setup.py clean", cwd=req.source_dir
+        )
+        return True
+    except Exception:
+        logger.error("Failed cleaning build dir for %s", req.name)
+        return False
+
+
+def build(
+    requirements: Iterable[InstallRequirement],
+    wheel_cache: WheelCache,
+    verify: bool,
+    build_options: List[str],
+    global_options: List[str],
+) -> BuildResult:
+    """Build wheels.
+
+    :return: The list of InstallRequirement that succeeded to build and
+        the list of InstallRequirement that failed to build.
+    """
+    if not requirements:
+        return [], []
+
+    # Build the wheels.
+    logger.info(
+        "Building wheels for collected packages: %s",
+        ", ".join(req.name for req in requirements),  # type: ignore
+    )
+
+    with indent_log():
+        build_successes, build_failures = [], []
+        for req in requirements:
+            assert req.name
+            cache_dir = _get_cache_dir(req, wheel_cache)
+            wheel_file = _build_one(
+                req,
+                cache_dir,
+                verify,
+                build_options,
+                global_options,
+                req.editable and req.permit_editable_wheels,
+            )
+            if wheel_file:
+                # Update the link for this.
+                req.link = Link(path_to_url(wheel_file))
+                req.local_file_path = req.link.file_path
+                assert req.link.is_wheel
+                build_successes.append(req)
+            else:
+                build_failures.append(req)
+
+    # notify success/failure
+    if build_successes:
+        logger.info(
+            "Successfully built %s",
+            " ".join([req.name for req in build_successes]),  # type: ignore
+        )
+    if build_failures:
+        logger.info(
+            "Failed to build %s",
+            " ".join([req.name for req in build_failures]),  # type: ignore
+        )
+    # Return a list of requirements that failed to build
+    return build_successes, build_failures
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3843cb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+"""
+pip._vendor is for vendoring dependencies of pip to prevent needing pip to
+depend on something external.
+
+Files inside of pip._vendor should be considered immutable and should only be
+updated to versions from upstream.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import glob
+import os.path
+import sys
+
+# Downstream redistributors which have debundled our dependencies should also
+# patch this value to be true. This will trigger the additional patching
+# to cause things like "six" to be available as pip.
+DEBUNDLED = False
+
+# By default, look in this directory for a bunch of .whl files which we will
+# add to the beginning of sys.path before attempting to import anything. This
+# is done to support downstream re-distributors like Debian and Fedora who
+# wish to create their own Wheels for our dependencies to aid in debundling.
+WHEEL_DIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+
+
+# Define a small helper function to alias our vendored modules to the real ones
+# if the vendored ones do not exist. This idea of this was taken from
+# https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/pull/2567.
+def vendored(modulename):
+    vendored_name = "{0}.{1}".format(__name__, modulename)
+
+    try:
+        __import__(modulename, globals(), locals(), level=0)
+    except ImportError:
+        # We can just silently allow import failures to pass here. If we
+        # got to this point it means that ``import pip._vendor.whatever``
+        # failed and so did ``import whatever``. Since we're importing this
+        # upfront in an attempt to alias imports, not erroring here will
+        # just mean we get a regular import error whenever pip *actually*
+        # tries to import one of these modules to use it, which actually
+        # gives us a better error message than we would have otherwise
+        # gotten.
+        pass
+    else:
+        sys.modules[vendored_name] = sys.modules[modulename]
+        base, head = vendored_name.rsplit(".", 1)
+        setattr(sys.modules[base], head, sys.modules[modulename])
+
+
+# If we're operating in a debundled setup, then we want to go ahead and trigger
+# the aliasing of our vendored libraries as well as looking for wheels to add
+# to our sys.path. This will cause all of this code to be a no-op typically
+# however downstream redistributors can enable it in a consistent way across
+# all platforms.
+if DEBUNDLED:
+    # Actually look inside of WHEEL_DIR to find .whl files and add them to the
+    # front of our sys.path.
+    sys.path[:] = glob.glob(os.path.join(WHEEL_DIR, "*.whl")) + sys.path
+
+    # Actually alias all of our vendored dependencies.
+    vendored("cachecontrol")
+    vendored("certifi")
+    vendored("colorama")
+    vendored("distlib")
+    vendored("distro")
+    vendored("html5lib")
+    vendored("six")
+    vendored("six.moves")
+    vendored("six.moves.urllib")
+    vendored("six.moves.urllib.parse")
+    vendored("packaging")
+    vendored("packaging.version")
+    vendored("packaging.specifiers")
+    vendored("pep517")
+    vendored("pkg_resources")
+    vendored("platformdirs")
+    vendored("progress")
+    vendored("requests")
+    vendored("requests.exceptions")
+    vendored("requests.packages")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3._collections")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.connection")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.connectionpool")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.contrib")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.contrib.ntlmpool")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.fields")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.filepost")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages.ordered_dict")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages.six")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages.ssl_match_hostname")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages.ssl_match_hostname."
+             "_implementation")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.poolmanager")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.request")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.response")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.connection")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.request")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.response")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.retry")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.ssl_")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.timeout")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.url")
+    vendored("resolvelib")
+    vendored("tenacity")
+    vendored("tomli")
+    vendored("urllib3")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8435d62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+"""CacheControl import Interface.
+
+Make it easy to import from cachecontrol without long namespaces.
+"""
+__author__ = "Eric Larson"
+__email__ = "eric@ionrock.org"
+__version__ = "0.12.10"
+
+from .wrapper import CacheControl
+from .adapter import CacheControlAdapter
+from .controller import CacheController
+
+import logging
+logging.getLogger(__name__).addHandler(logging.NullHandler())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/_cmd.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/_cmd.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4266b5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/_cmd.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import logging
+
+from pip._vendor import requests
+
+from pip._vendor.cachecontrol.adapter import CacheControlAdapter
+from pip._vendor.cachecontrol.cache import DictCache
+from pip._vendor.cachecontrol.controller import logger
+
+from argparse import ArgumentParser
+
+
+def setup_logging():
+    logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+    handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+    logger.addHandler(handler)
+
+
+def get_session():
+    adapter = CacheControlAdapter(
+        DictCache(), cache_etags=True, serializer=None, heuristic=None
+    )
+    sess = requests.Session()
+    sess.mount("http://", adapter)
+    sess.mount("https://", adapter)
+
+    sess.cache_controller = adapter.controller
+    return sess
+
+
+def get_args():
+    parser = ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument("url", help="The URL to try and cache")
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def main(args=None):
+    args = get_args()
+    sess = get_session()
+
+    # Make a request to get a response
+    resp = sess.get(args.url)
+
+    # Turn on logging
+    setup_logging()
+
+    # try setting the cache
+    sess.cache_controller.cache_response(resp.request, resp.raw)
+
+    # Now try to get it
+    if sess.cache_controller.cached_request(resp.request):
+        print("Cached!")
+    else:
+        print("Not cached :(")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/adapter.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/adapter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94c75e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/adapter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import types
+import functools
+import zlib
+
+from pip._vendor.requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
+
+from .controller import CacheController, PERMANENT_REDIRECT_STATUSES
+from .cache import DictCache
+from .filewrapper import CallbackFileWrapper
+
+
+class CacheControlAdapter(HTTPAdapter):
+    invalidating_methods = {"PUT", "PATCH", "DELETE"}
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        cache=None,
+        cache_etags=True,
+        controller_class=None,
+        serializer=None,
+        heuristic=None,
+        cacheable_methods=None,
+        *args,
+        **kw
+    ):
+        super(CacheControlAdapter, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+        self.cache = DictCache() if cache is None else cache
+        self.heuristic = heuristic
+        self.cacheable_methods = cacheable_methods or ("GET",)
+
+        controller_factory = controller_class or CacheController
+        self.controller = controller_factory(
+            self.cache, cache_etags=cache_etags, serializer=serializer
+        )
+
+    def send(self, request, cacheable_methods=None, **kw):
+        """
+        Send a request. Use the request information to see if it
+        exists in the cache and cache the response if we need to and can.
+        """
+        cacheable = cacheable_methods or self.cacheable_methods
+        if request.method in cacheable:
+            try:
+                cached_response = self.controller.cached_request(request)
+            except zlib.error:
+                cached_response = None
+            if cached_response:
+                return self.build_response(request, cached_response, from_cache=True)
+
+            # check for etags and add headers if appropriate
+            request.headers.update(self.controller.conditional_headers(request))
+
+        resp = super(CacheControlAdapter, self).send(request, **kw)
+
+        return resp
+
+    def build_response(
+        self, request, response, from_cache=False, cacheable_methods=None
+    ):
+        """
+        Build a response by making a request or using the cache.
+
+        This will end up calling send and returning a potentially
+        cached response
+        """
+        cacheable = cacheable_methods or self.cacheable_methods
+        if not from_cache and request.method in cacheable:
+            # Check for any heuristics that might update headers
+            # before trying to cache.
+            if self.heuristic:
+                response = self.heuristic.apply(response)
+
+            # apply any expiration heuristics
+            if response.status == 304:
+                # We must have sent an ETag request. This could mean
+                # that we've been expired already or that we simply
+                # have an etag. In either case, we want to try and
+                # update the cache if that is the case.
+                cached_response = self.controller.update_cached_response(
+                    request, response
+                )
+
+                if cached_response is not response:
+                    from_cache = True
+
+                # We are done with the server response, read a
+                # possible response body (compliant servers will
+                # not return one, but we cannot be 100% sure) and
+                # release the connection back to the pool.
+                response.read(decode_content=False)
+                response.release_conn()
+
+                response = cached_response
+
+            # We always cache the 301 responses
+            elif int(response.status) in PERMANENT_REDIRECT_STATUSES:
+                self.controller.cache_response(request, response)
+            else:
+                # Wrap the response file with a wrapper that will cache the
+                #   response when the stream has been consumed.
+                response._fp = CallbackFileWrapper(
+                    response._fp,
+                    functools.partial(
+                        self.controller.cache_response, request, response
+                    ),
+                )
+                if response.chunked:
+                    super_update_chunk_length = response._update_chunk_length
+
+                    def _update_chunk_length(self):
+                        super_update_chunk_length()
+                        if self.chunk_left == 0:
+                            self._fp._close()
+
+                    response._update_chunk_length = types.MethodType(
+                        _update_chunk_length, response
+                    )
+
+        resp = super(CacheControlAdapter, self).build_response(request, response)
+
+        # See if we should invalidate the cache.
+        if request.method in self.invalidating_methods and resp.ok:
+            cache_url = self.controller.cache_url(request.url)
+            self.cache.delete(cache_url)
+
+        # Give the request a from_cache attr to let people use it
+        resp.from_cache = from_cache
+
+        return resp
+
+    def close(self):
+        self.cache.close()
+        super(CacheControlAdapter, self).close()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/cache.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44e4309
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+"""
+The cache object API for implementing caches. The default is a thread
+safe in-memory dictionary.
+"""
+from threading import Lock
+
+
+class BaseCache(object):
+
+    def get(self, key):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def set(self, key, value, expires=None):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def delete(self, key):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def close(self):
+        pass
+
+
+class DictCache(BaseCache):
+
+    def __init__(self, init_dict=None):
+        self.lock = Lock()
+        self.data = init_dict or {}
+
+    def get(self, key):
+        return self.data.get(key, None)
+
+    def set(self, key, value, expires=None):
+        with self.lock:
+            self.data.update({key: value})
+
+    def delete(self, key):
+        with self.lock:
+            if key in self.data:
+                self.data.pop(key)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/caches/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/caches/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44becd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/caches/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+from .file_cache import FileCache  # noqa
+from .redis_cache import RedisCache  # noqa
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/caches/file_cache.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/caches/file_cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cd1106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/caches/file_cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import hashlib
+import os
+from textwrap import dedent
+
+from ..cache import BaseCache
+from ..controller import CacheController
+
+try:
+    FileNotFoundError
+except NameError:
+    # py2.X
+    FileNotFoundError = (IOError, OSError)
+
+
+def _secure_open_write(filename, fmode):
+    # We only want to write to this file, so open it in write only mode
+    flags = os.O_WRONLY
+
+    # os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL will fail if the file already exists, so we only
+    #  will open *new* files.
+    # We specify this because we want to ensure that the mode we pass is the
+    # mode of the file.
+    flags |= os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL
+
+    # Do not follow symlinks to prevent someone from making a symlink that
+    # we follow and insecurely open a cache file.
+    if hasattr(os, "O_NOFOLLOW"):
+        flags |= os.O_NOFOLLOW
+
+    # On Windows we'll mark this file as binary
+    if hasattr(os, "O_BINARY"):
+        flags |= os.O_BINARY
+
+    # Before we open our file, we want to delete any existing file that is
+    # there
+    try:
+        os.remove(filename)
+    except (IOError, OSError):
+        # The file must not exist already, so we can just skip ahead to opening
+        pass
+
+    # Open our file, the use of os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL will ensure that if a
+    # race condition happens between the os.remove and this line, that an
+    # error will be raised. Because we utilize a lockfile this should only
+    # happen if someone is attempting to attack us.
+    fd = os.open(filename, flags, fmode)
+    try:
+        return os.fdopen(fd, "wb")
+
+    except:
+        # An error occurred wrapping our FD in a file object
+        os.close(fd)
+        raise
+
+
+class FileCache(BaseCache):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        directory,
+        forever=False,
+        filemode=0o0600,
+        dirmode=0o0700,
+        use_dir_lock=None,
+        lock_class=None,
+    ):
+
+        if use_dir_lock is not None and lock_class is not None:
+            raise ValueError("Cannot use use_dir_lock and lock_class together")
+
+        try:
+            from lockfile import LockFile
+            from lockfile.mkdirlockfile import MkdirLockFile
+        except ImportError:
+            notice = dedent(
+                """
+            NOTE: In order to use the FileCache you must have
+            lockfile installed. You can install it via pip:
+              pip install lockfile
+            """
+            )
+            raise ImportError(notice)
+
+        else:
+            if use_dir_lock:
+                lock_class = MkdirLockFile
+
+            elif lock_class is None:
+                lock_class = LockFile
+
+        self.directory = directory
+        self.forever = forever
+        self.filemode = filemode
+        self.dirmode = dirmode
+        self.lock_class = lock_class
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode(x):
+        return hashlib.sha224(x.encode()).hexdigest()
+
+    def _fn(self, name):
+        # NOTE: This method should not change as some may depend on it.
+        #       See: https://github.com/ionrock/cachecontrol/issues/63
+        hashed = self.encode(name)
+        parts = list(hashed[:5]) + [hashed]
+        return os.path.join(self.directory, *parts)
+
+    def get(self, key):
+        name = self._fn(key)
+        try:
+            with open(name, "rb") as fh:
+                return fh.read()
+
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return None
+
+    def set(self, key, value, expires=None):
+        name = self._fn(key)
+
+        # Make sure the directory exists
+        try:
+            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(name), self.dirmode)
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            pass
+
+        with self.lock_class(name) as lock:
+            # Write our actual file
+            with _secure_open_write(lock.path, self.filemode) as fh:
+                fh.write(value)
+
+    def delete(self, key):
+        name = self._fn(key)
+        if not self.forever:
+            try:
+                os.remove(name)
+            except FileNotFoundError:
+                pass
+
+
+def url_to_file_path(url, filecache):
+    """Return the file cache path based on the URL.
+
+    This does not ensure the file exists!
+    """
+    key = CacheController.cache_url(url)
+    return filecache._fn(key)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/caches/redis_cache.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/caches/redis_cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..720b507
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/caches/redis_cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+from __future__ import division
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from pip._vendor.cachecontrol.cache import BaseCache
+
+
+class RedisCache(BaseCache):
+
+    def __init__(self, conn):
+        self.conn = conn
+
+    def get(self, key):
+        return self.conn.get(key)
+
+    def set(self, key, value, expires=None):
+        if not expires:
+            self.conn.set(key, value)
+        else:
+            expires = expires - datetime.utcnow()
+            self.conn.setex(key, int(expires.total_seconds()), value)
+
+    def delete(self, key):
+        self.conn.delete(key)
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """Helper for clearing all the keys in a database. Use with
+        caution!"""
+        for key in self.conn.keys():
+            self.conn.delete(key)
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Redis uses connection pooling, no need to close the connection."""
+        pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccec937
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+try:
+    from urllib.parse import urljoin
+except ImportError:
+    from urlparse import urljoin
+
+
+try:
+    import cPickle as pickle
+except ImportError:
+    import pickle
+
+# Handle the case where the requests module has been patched to not have
+# urllib3 bundled as part of its source.
+try:
+    from pip._vendor.requests.packages.urllib3.response import HTTPResponse
+except ImportError:
+    from pip._vendor.urllib3.response import HTTPResponse
+
+try:
+    from pip._vendor.requests.packages.urllib3.util import is_fp_closed
+except ImportError:
+    from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import is_fp_closed
+
+# Replicate some six behaviour
+try:
+    text_type = unicode
+except NameError:
+    text_type = str
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/controller.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/controller.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7e7380
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/controller.py
@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+"""
+The httplib2 algorithms ported for use with requests.
+"""
+import logging
+import re
+import calendar
+import time
+from email.utils import parsedate_tz
+
+from pip._vendor.requests.structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+
+from .cache import DictCache
+from .serialize import Serializer
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+URI = re.compile(r"^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?")
+
+PERMANENT_REDIRECT_STATUSES = (301, 308)
+
+
+def parse_uri(uri):
+    """Parses a URI using the regex given in Appendix B of RFC 3986.
+
+        (scheme, authority, path, query, fragment) = parse_uri(uri)
+    """
+    groups = URI.match(uri).groups()
+    return (groups[1], groups[3], groups[4], groups[6], groups[8])
+
+
+class CacheController(object):
+    """An interface to see if request should cached or not.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, cache=None, cache_etags=True, serializer=None, status_codes=None
+    ):
+        self.cache = DictCache() if cache is None else cache
+        self.cache_etags = cache_etags
+        self.serializer = serializer or Serializer()
+        self.cacheable_status_codes = status_codes or (200, 203, 300, 301, 308)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _urlnorm(cls, uri):
+        """Normalize the URL to create a safe key for the cache"""
+        (scheme, authority, path, query, fragment) = parse_uri(uri)
+        if not scheme or not authority:
+            raise Exception("Only absolute URIs are allowed. uri = %s" % uri)
+
+        scheme = scheme.lower()
+        authority = authority.lower()
+
+        if not path:
+            path = "/"
+
+        # Could do syntax based normalization of the URI before
+        # computing the digest. See Section 6.2.2 of Std 66.
+        request_uri = query and "?".join([path, query]) or path
+        defrag_uri = scheme + "://" + authority + request_uri
+
+        return defrag_uri
+
+    @classmethod
+    def cache_url(cls, uri):
+        return cls._urlnorm(uri)
+
+    def parse_cache_control(self, headers):
+        known_directives = {
+            # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7234#section-5.2
+            "max-age": (int, True),
+            "max-stale": (int, False),
+            "min-fresh": (int, True),
+            "no-cache": (None, False),
+            "no-store": (None, False),
+            "no-transform": (None, False),
+            "only-if-cached": (None, False),
+            "must-revalidate": (None, False),
+            "public": (None, False),
+            "private": (None, False),
+            "proxy-revalidate": (None, False),
+            "s-maxage": (int, True),
+        }
+
+        cc_headers = headers.get("cache-control", headers.get("Cache-Control", ""))
+
+        retval = {}
+
+        for cc_directive in cc_headers.split(","):
+            if not cc_directive.strip():
+                continue
+
+            parts = cc_directive.split("=", 1)
+            directive = parts[0].strip()
+
+            try:
+                typ, required = known_directives[directive]
+            except KeyError:
+                logger.debug("Ignoring unknown cache-control directive: %s", directive)
+                continue
+
+            if not typ or not required:
+                retval[directive] = None
+            if typ:
+                try:
+                    retval[directive] = typ(parts[1].strip())
+                except IndexError:
+                    if required:
+                        logger.debug(
+                            "Missing value for cache-control " "directive: %s",
+                            directive,
+                        )
+                except ValueError:
+                    logger.debug(
+                        "Invalid value for cache-control directive " "%s, must be %s",
+                        directive,
+                        typ.__name__,
+                    )
+
+        return retval
+
+    def cached_request(self, request):
+        """
+        Return a cached response if it exists in the cache, otherwise
+        return False.
+        """
+        cache_url = self.cache_url(request.url)
+        logger.debug('Looking up "%s" in the cache', cache_url)
+        cc = self.parse_cache_control(request.headers)
+
+        # Bail out if the request insists on fresh data
+        if "no-cache" in cc:
+            logger.debug('Request header has "no-cache", cache bypassed')
+            return False
+
+        if "max-age" in cc and cc["max-age"] == 0:
+            logger.debug('Request header has "max_age" as 0, cache bypassed')
+            return False
+
+        # Request allows serving from the cache, let's see if we find something
+        cache_data = self.cache.get(cache_url)
+        if cache_data is None:
+            logger.debug("No cache entry available")
+            return False
+
+        # Check whether it can be deserialized
+        resp = self.serializer.loads(request, cache_data)
+        if not resp:
+            logger.warning("Cache entry deserialization failed, entry ignored")
+            return False
+
+        # If we have a cached permanent redirect, return it immediately. We
+        # don't need to test our response for other headers b/c it is
+        # intrinsically "cacheable" as it is Permanent.
+        #
+        # See:
+        #   https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.4.2
+        #
+        # Client can try to refresh the value by repeating the request
+        # with cache busting headers as usual (ie no-cache).
+        if int(resp.status) in PERMANENT_REDIRECT_STATUSES:
+            msg = (
+                "Returning cached permanent redirect response "
+                "(ignoring date and etag information)"
+            )
+            logger.debug(msg)
+            return resp
+
+        headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(resp.headers)
+        if not headers or "date" not in headers:
+            if "etag" not in headers:
+                # Without date or etag, the cached response can never be used
+                # and should be deleted.
+                logger.debug("Purging cached response: no date or etag")
+                self.cache.delete(cache_url)
+            logger.debug("Ignoring cached response: no date")
+            return False
+
+        now = time.time()
+        date = calendar.timegm(parsedate_tz(headers["date"]))
+        current_age = max(0, now - date)
+        logger.debug("Current age based on date: %i", current_age)
+
+        # TODO: There is an assumption that the result will be a
+        #       urllib3 response object. This may not be best since we
+        #       could probably avoid instantiating or constructing the
+        #       response until we know we need it.
+        resp_cc = self.parse_cache_control(headers)
+
+        # determine freshness
+        freshness_lifetime = 0
+
+        # Check the max-age pragma in the cache control header
+        if "max-age" in resp_cc:
+            freshness_lifetime = resp_cc["max-age"]
+            logger.debug("Freshness lifetime from max-age: %i", freshness_lifetime)
+
+        # If there isn't a max-age, check for an expires header
+        elif "expires" in headers:
+            expires = parsedate_tz(headers["expires"])
+            if expires is not None:
+                expire_time = calendar.timegm(expires) - date
+                freshness_lifetime = max(0, expire_time)
+                logger.debug("Freshness lifetime from expires: %i", freshness_lifetime)
+
+        # Determine if we are setting freshness limit in the
+        # request. Note, this overrides what was in the response.
+        if "max-age" in cc:
+            freshness_lifetime = cc["max-age"]
+            logger.debug(
+                "Freshness lifetime from request max-age: %i", freshness_lifetime
+            )
+
+        if "min-fresh" in cc:
+            min_fresh = cc["min-fresh"]
+            # adjust our current age by our min fresh
+            current_age += min_fresh
+            logger.debug("Adjusted current age from min-fresh: %i", current_age)
+
+        # Return entry if it is fresh enough
+        if freshness_lifetime > current_age:
+            logger.debug('The response is "fresh", returning cached response')
+            logger.debug("%i > %i", freshness_lifetime, current_age)
+            return resp
+
+        # we're not fresh. If we don't have an Etag, clear it out
+        if "etag" not in headers:
+            logger.debug('The cached response is "stale" with no etag, purging')
+            self.cache.delete(cache_url)
+
+        # return the original handler
+        return False
+
+    def conditional_headers(self, request):
+        cache_url = self.cache_url(request.url)
+        resp = self.serializer.loads(request, self.cache.get(cache_url))
+        new_headers = {}
+
+        if resp:
+            headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(resp.headers)
+
+            if "etag" in headers:
+                new_headers["If-None-Match"] = headers["ETag"]
+
+            if "last-modified" in headers:
+                new_headers["If-Modified-Since"] = headers["Last-Modified"]
+
+        return new_headers
+
+    def cache_response(self, request, response, body=None, status_codes=None):
+        """
+        Algorithm for caching requests.
+
+        This assumes a requests Response object.
+        """
+        # From httplib2: Don't cache 206's since we aren't going to
+        #                handle byte range requests
+        cacheable_status_codes = status_codes or self.cacheable_status_codes
+        if response.status not in cacheable_status_codes:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Status code %s not in %s", response.status, cacheable_status_codes
+            )
+            return
+
+        response_headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(response.headers)
+
+        if "date" in response_headers:
+            date = calendar.timegm(parsedate_tz(response_headers["date"]))
+        else:
+            date = 0
+
+        # If we've been given a body, our response has a Content-Length, that
+        # Content-Length is valid then we can check to see if the body we've
+        # been given matches the expected size, and if it doesn't we'll just
+        # skip trying to cache it.
+        if (
+            body is not None
+            and "content-length" in response_headers
+            and response_headers["content-length"].isdigit()
+            and int(response_headers["content-length"]) != len(body)
+        ):
+            return
+
+        cc_req = self.parse_cache_control(request.headers)
+        cc = self.parse_cache_control(response_headers)
+
+        cache_url = self.cache_url(request.url)
+        logger.debug('Updating cache with response from "%s"', cache_url)
+
+        # Delete it from the cache if we happen to have it stored there
+        no_store = False
+        if "no-store" in cc:
+            no_store = True
+            logger.debug('Response header has "no-store"')
+        if "no-store" in cc_req:
+            no_store = True
+            logger.debug('Request header has "no-store"')
+        if no_store and self.cache.get(cache_url):
+            logger.debug('Purging existing cache entry to honor "no-store"')
+            self.cache.delete(cache_url)
+        if no_store:
+            return
+
+        # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7234#section-4.1:
+        # A Vary header field-value of "*" always fails to match.
+        # Storing such a response leads to a deserialization warning
+        # during cache lookup and is not allowed to ever be served,
+        # so storing it can be avoided.
+        if "*" in response_headers.get("vary", ""):
+            logger.debug('Response header has "Vary: *"')
+            return
+
+        # If we've been given an etag, then keep the response
+        if self.cache_etags and "etag" in response_headers:
+            expires_time = 0
+            if response_headers.get("expires"):
+                expires = parsedate_tz(response_headers["expires"])
+                if expires is not None:
+                    expires_time = calendar.timegm(expires) - date
+
+            expires_time = max(expires_time, 14 * 86400)
+
+            logger.debug("etag object cached for {0} seconds".format(expires_time))
+            logger.debug("Caching due to etag")
+            self.cache.set(
+                cache_url,
+                self.serializer.dumps(request, response, body),
+                expires=expires_time,
+            )
+
+        # Add to the cache any permanent redirects. We do this before looking
+        # that the Date headers.
+        elif int(response.status) in PERMANENT_REDIRECT_STATUSES:
+            logger.debug("Caching permanent redirect")
+            self.cache.set(cache_url, self.serializer.dumps(request, response, b""))
+
+        # Add to the cache if the response headers demand it. If there
+        # is no date header then we can't do anything about expiring
+        # the cache.
+        elif "date" in response_headers:
+            date = calendar.timegm(parsedate_tz(response_headers["date"]))
+            # cache when there is a max-age > 0
+            if "max-age" in cc and cc["max-age"] > 0:
+                logger.debug("Caching b/c date exists and max-age > 0")
+                expires_time = cc["max-age"]
+                self.cache.set(
+                    cache_url,
+                    self.serializer.dumps(request, response, body),
+                    expires=expires_time,
+                )
+
+            # If the request can expire, it means we should cache it
+            # in the meantime.
+            elif "expires" in response_headers:
+                if response_headers["expires"]:
+                    expires = parsedate_tz(response_headers["expires"])
+                    if expires is not None:
+                        expires_time = calendar.timegm(expires) - date
+                    else:
+                        expires_time = None
+
+                    logger.debug(
+                        "Caching b/c of expires header. expires in {0} seconds".format(
+                            expires_time
+                        )
+                    )
+                    self.cache.set(
+                        cache_url,
+                        self.serializer.dumps(request, response, body=body),
+                        expires=expires_time,
+                    )
+
+    def update_cached_response(self, request, response):
+        """On a 304 we will get a new set of headers that we want to
+        update our cached value with, assuming we have one.
+
+        This should only ever be called when we've sent an ETag and
+        gotten a 304 as the response.
+        """
+        cache_url = self.cache_url(request.url)
+
+        cached_response = self.serializer.loads(request, self.cache.get(cache_url))
+
+        if not cached_response:
+            # we didn't have a cached response
+            return response
+
+        # Lets update our headers with the headers from the new request:
+        # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p4-conditional-26#section-4.1
+        #
+        # The server isn't supposed to send headers that would make
+        # the cached body invalid. But... just in case, we'll be sure
+        # to strip out ones we know that might be problmatic due to
+        # typical assumptions.
+        excluded_headers = ["content-length"]
+
+        cached_response.headers.update(
+            dict(
+                (k, v)
+                for k, v in response.headers.items()
+                if k.lower() not in excluded_headers
+            )
+        )
+
+        # we want a 200 b/c we have content via the cache
+        cached_response.status = 200
+
+        # update our cache
+        self.cache.set(cache_url, self.serializer.dumps(request, cached_response))
+
+        return cached_response
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/filewrapper.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/filewrapper.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5ed5f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/filewrapper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
+import mmap
+
+
+class CallbackFileWrapper(object):
+    """
+    Small wrapper around a fp object which will tee everything read into a
+    buffer, and when that file is closed it will execute a callback with the
+    contents of that buffer.
+
+    All attributes are proxied to the underlying file object.
+
+    This class uses members with a double underscore (__) leading prefix so as
+    not to accidentally shadow an attribute.
+
+    The data is stored in a temporary file until it is all available.  As long
+    as the temporary files directory is disk-based (sometimes it's a
+    memory-backed-``tmpfs`` on Linux), data will be unloaded to disk if memory
+    pressure is high.  For small files the disk usually won't be used at all,
+    it'll all be in the filesystem memory cache, so there should be no
+    performance impact.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, fp, callback):
+        self.__buf = NamedTemporaryFile("rb+", delete=True)
+        self.__fp = fp
+        self.__callback = callback
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        # The vaguaries of garbage collection means that self.__fp is
+        # not always set.  By using __getattribute__ and the private
+        # name[0] allows looking up the attribute value and raising an
+        # AttributeError when it doesn't exist. This stop thigns from
+        # infinitely recursing calls to getattr in the case where
+        # self.__fp hasn't been set.
+        #
+        # [0] https://docs.python.org/2/reference/expressions.html#atom-identifiers
+        fp = self.__getattribute__("_CallbackFileWrapper__fp")
+        return getattr(fp, name)
+
+    def __is_fp_closed(self):
+        try:
+            return self.__fp.fp is None
+
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+        try:
+            return self.__fp.closed
+
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+        # We just don't cache it then.
+        # TODO: Add some logging here...
+        return False
+
+    def _close(self):
+        if self.__callback:
+            if self.__buf.tell() == 0:
+                # Empty file:
+                result = b""
+            else:
+                # Return the data without actually loading it into memory,
+                # relying on Python's buffer API and mmap(). mmap() just gives
+                # a view directly into the filesystem's memory cache, so it
+                # doesn't result in duplicate memory use.
+                self.__buf.seek(0, 0)
+                result = memoryview(
+                    mmap.mmap(self.__buf.fileno(), 0, access=mmap.ACCESS_READ)
+                )
+            self.__callback(result)
+
+        # We assign this to None here, because otherwise we can get into
+        # really tricky problems where the CPython interpreter dead locks
+        # because the callback is holding a reference to something which
+        # has a __del__ method. Setting this to None breaks the cycle
+        # and allows the garbage collector to do it's thing normally.
+        self.__callback = None
+
+        # Closing the temporary file releases memory and frees disk space.
+        # Important when caching big files.
+        self.__buf.close()
+
+    def read(self, amt=None):
+        data = self.__fp.read(amt)
+        if data:
+            # We may be dealing with b'', a sign that things are over:
+            # it's passed e.g. after we've already closed self.__buf.
+            self.__buf.write(data)
+        if self.__is_fp_closed():
+            self._close()
+
+        return data
+
+    def _safe_read(self, amt):
+        data = self.__fp._safe_read(amt)
+        if amt == 2 and data == b"\r\n":
+            # urllib executes this read to toss the CRLF at the end
+            # of the chunk.
+            return data
+
+        self.__buf.write(data)
+        if self.__is_fp_closed():
+            self._close()
+
+        return data
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/heuristics.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/heuristics.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ebe4a96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/heuristics.py
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import calendar
+import time
+
+from email.utils import formatdate, parsedate, parsedate_tz
+
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+
+TIME_FMT = "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT"
+
+
+def expire_after(delta, date=None):
+    date = date or datetime.utcnow()
+    return date + delta
+
+
+def datetime_to_header(dt):
+    return formatdate(calendar.timegm(dt.timetuple()))
+
+
+class BaseHeuristic(object):
+
+    def warning(self, response):
+        """
+        Return a valid 1xx warning header value describing the cache
+        adjustments.
+
+        The response is provided too allow warnings like 113
+        http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7234#section-5.5.4 where we need
+        to explicitly say response is over 24 hours old.
+        """
+        return '110 - "Response is Stale"'
+
+    def update_headers(self, response):
+        """Update the response headers with any new headers.
+
+        NOTE: This SHOULD always include some Warning header to
+              signify that the response was cached by the client, not
+              by way of the provided headers.
+        """
+        return {}
+
+    def apply(self, response):
+        updated_headers = self.update_headers(response)
+
+        if updated_headers:
+            response.headers.update(updated_headers)
+            warning_header_value = self.warning(response)
+            if warning_header_value is not None:
+                response.headers.update({"Warning": warning_header_value})
+
+        return response
+
+
+class OneDayCache(BaseHeuristic):
+    """
+    Cache the response by providing an expires 1 day in the
+    future.
+    """
+
+    def update_headers(self, response):
+        headers = {}
+
+        if "expires" not in response.headers:
+            date = parsedate(response.headers["date"])
+            expires = expire_after(timedelta(days=1), date=datetime(*date[:6]))
+            headers["expires"] = datetime_to_header(expires)
+            headers["cache-control"] = "public"
+        return headers
+
+
+class ExpiresAfter(BaseHeuristic):
+    """
+    Cache **all** requests for a defined time period.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, **kw):
+        self.delta = timedelta(**kw)
+
+    def update_headers(self, response):
+        expires = expire_after(self.delta)
+        return {"expires": datetime_to_header(expires), "cache-control": "public"}
+
+    def warning(self, response):
+        tmpl = "110 - Automatically cached for %s. Response might be stale"
+        return tmpl % self.delta
+
+
+class LastModified(BaseHeuristic):
+    """
+    If there is no Expires header already, fall back on Last-Modified
+    using the heuristic from
+    http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7234#section-4.2.2
+    to calculate a reasonable value.
+
+    Firefox also does something like this per
+    https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Caching_FAQ
+    http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla-release/source/netwerk/protocol/http/nsHttpResponseHead.cpp#397
+    Unlike mozilla we limit this to 24-hr.
+    """
+    cacheable_by_default_statuses = {
+        200, 203, 204, 206, 300, 301, 404, 405, 410, 414, 501
+    }
+
+    def update_headers(self, resp):
+        headers = resp.headers
+
+        if "expires" in headers:
+            return {}
+
+        if "cache-control" in headers and headers["cache-control"] != "public":
+            return {}
+
+        if resp.status not in self.cacheable_by_default_statuses:
+            return {}
+
+        if "date" not in headers or "last-modified" not in headers:
+            return {}
+
+        date = calendar.timegm(parsedate_tz(headers["date"]))
+        last_modified = parsedate(headers["last-modified"])
+        if date is None or last_modified is None:
+            return {}
+
+        now = time.time()
+        current_age = max(0, now - date)
+        delta = date - calendar.timegm(last_modified)
+        freshness_lifetime = max(0, min(delta / 10, 24 * 3600))
+        if freshness_lifetime <= current_age:
+            return {}
+
+        expires = date + freshness_lifetime
+        return {"expires": time.strftime(TIME_FMT, time.gmtime(expires))}
+
+    def warning(self, resp):
+        return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/serialize.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/serialize.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b075df1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/serialize.py
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import base64
+import io
+import json
+import zlib
+
+from pip._vendor import msgpack
+from pip._vendor.requests.structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+
+from .compat import HTTPResponse, pickle, text_type
+
+
+def _b64_decode_bytes(b):
+    return base64.b64decode(b.encode("ascii"))
+
+
+def _b64_decode_str(s):
+    return _b64_decode_bytes(s).decode("utf8")
+
+
+_default_body_read = object()
+
+
+class Serializer(object):
+    def dumps(self, request, response, body=None):
+        response_headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(response.headers)
+
+        if body is None:
+            # When a body isn't passed in, we'll read the response. We
+            # also update the response with a new file handler to be
+            # sure it acts as though it was never read.
+            body = response.read(decode_content=False)
+            response._fp = io.BytesIO(body)
+
+        # NOTE: This is all a bit weird, but it's really important that on
+        #       Python 2.x these objects are unicode and not str, even when
+        #       they contain only ascii. The problem here is that msgpack
+        #       understands the difference between unicode and bytes and we
+        #       have it set to differentiate between them, however Python 2
+        #       doesn't know the difference. Forcing these to unicode will be
+        #       enough to have msgpack know the difference.
+        data = {
+            u"response": {
+                u"body": body,
+                u"headers": dict(
+                    (text_type(k), text_type(v)) for k, v in response.headers.items()
+                ),
+                u"status": response.status,
+                u"version": response.version,
+                u"reason": text_type(response.reason),
+                u"strict": response.strict,
+                u"decode_content": response.decode_content,
+            }
+        }
+
+        # Construct our vary headers
+        data[u"vary"] = {}
+        if u"vary" in response_headers:
+            varied_headers = response_headers[u"vary"].split(",")
+            for header in varied_headers:
+                header = text_type(header).strip()
+                header_value = request.headers.get(header, None)
+                if header_value is not None:
+                    header_value = text_type(header_value)
+                data[u"vary"][header] = header_value
+
+        return b",".join([b"cc=4", msgpack.dumps(data, use_bin_type=True)])
+
+    def loads(self, request, data):
+        # Short circuit if we've been given an empty set of data
+        if not data:
+            return
+
+        # Determine what version of the serializer the data was serialized
+        # with
+        try:
+            ver, data = data.split(b",", 1)
+        except ValueError:
+            ver = b"cc=0"
+
+        # Make sure that our "ver" is actually a version and isn't a false
+        # positive from a , being in the data stream.
+        if ver[:3] != b"cc=":
+            data = ver + data
+            ver = b"cc=0"
+
+        # Get the version number out of the cc=N
+        ver = ver.split(b"=", 1)[-1].decode("ascii")
+
+        # Dispatch to the actual load method for the given version
+        try:
+            return getattr(self, "_loads_v{}".format(ver))(request, data)
+
+        except AttributeError:
+            # This is a version we don't have a loads function for, so we'll
+            # just treat it as a miss and return None
+            return
+
+    def prepare_response(self, request, cached):
+        """Verify our vary headers match and construct a real urllib3
+        HTTPResponse object.
+        """
+        # Special case the '*' Vary value as it means we cannot actually
+        # determine if the cached response is suitable for this request.
+        # This case is also handled in the controller code when creating
+        # a cache entry, but is left here for backwards compatibility.
+        if "*" in cached.get("vary", {}):
+            return
+
+        # Ensure that the Vary headers for the cached response match our
+        # request
+        for header, value in cached.get("vary", {}).items():
+            if request.headers.get(header, None) != value:
+                return
+
+        body_raw = cached["response"].pop("body")
+
+        headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(data=cached["response"]["headers"])
+        if headers.get("transfer-encoding", "") == "chunked":
+            headers.pop("transfer-encoding")
+
+        cached["response"]["headers"] = headers
+
+        try:
+            body = io.BytesIO(body_raw)
+        except TypeError:
+            # This can happen if cachecontrol serialized to v1 format (pickle)
+            # using Python 2. A Python 2 str(byte string) will be unpickled as
+            # a Python 3 str (unicode string), which will cause the above to
+            # fail with:
+            #
+            #     TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface
+            body = io.BytesIO(body_raw.encode("utf8"))
+
+        return HTTPResponse(body=body, preload_content=False, **cached["response"])
+
+    def _loads_v0(self, request, data):
+        # The original legacy cache data. This doesn't contain enough
+        # information to construct everything we need, so we'll treat this as
+        # a miss.
+        return
+
+    def _loads_v1(self, request, data):
+        try:
+            cached = pickle.loads(data)
+        except ValueError:
+            return
+
+        return self.prepare_response(request, cached)
+
+    def _loads_v2(self, request, data):
+        try:
+            cached = json.loads(zlib.decompress(data).decode("utf8"))
+        except (ValueError, zlib.error):
+            return
+
+        # We need to decode the items that we've base64 encoded
+        cached["response"]["body"] = _b64_decode_bytes(cached["response"]["body"])
+        cached["response"]["headers"] = dict(
+            (_b64_decode_str(k), _b64_decode_str(v))
+            for k, v in cached["response"]["headers"].items()
+        )
+        cached["response"]["reason"] = _b64_decode_str(cached["response"]["reason"])
+        cached["vary"] = dict(
+            (_b64_decode_str(k), _b64_decode_str(v) if v is not None else v)
+            for k, v in cached["vary"].items()
+        )
+
+        return self.prepare_response(request, cached)
+
+    def _loads_v3(self, request, data):
+        # Due to Python 2 encoding issues, it's impossible to know for sure
+        # exactly how to load v3 entries, thus we'll treat these as a miss so
+        # that they get rewritten out as v4 entries.
+        return
+
+    def _loads_v4(self, request, data):
+        try:
+            cached = msgpack.loads(data, raw=False)
+        except ValueError:
+            return
+
+        return self.prepare_response(request, cached)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/wrapper.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/wrapper.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6ee7f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/wrapper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015 Eric Larson
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+from .adapter import CacheControlAdapter
+from .cache import DictCache
+
+
+def CacheControl(
+    sess,
+    cache=None,
+    cache_etags=True,
+    serializer=None,
+    heuristic=None,
+    controller_class=None,
+    adapter_class=None,
+    cacheable_methods=None,
+):
+
+    cache = DictCache() if cache is None else cache
+    adapter_class = adapter_class or CacheControlAdapter
+    adapter = adapter_class(
+        cache,
+        cache_etags=cache_etags,
+        serializer=serializer,
+        heuristic=heuristic,
+        controller_class=controller_class,
+        cacheable_methods=cacheable_methods,
+    )
+    sess.mount("http://", adapter)
+    sess.mount("https://", adapter)
+
+    return sess
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8db1a0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .core import contents, where
+
+__version__ = "2021.10.08"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/__main__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0037634
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import argparse
+
+from pip._vendor.certifi import contents, where
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+parser.add_argument("-c", "--contents", action="store_true")
+args = parser.parse_args()
+
+if args.contents:
+    print(contents())
+else:
+    print(where())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/cacert.pem b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/cacert.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d0ccc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/cacert.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,4362 @@
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign Root CA O=GlobalSign nv-sa OU=Root CA
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign Root CA O=GlobalSign nv-sa OU=Root CA
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA"
+# Serial: 4835703278459707669005204
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 3e:45:52:15:09:51:92:e1:b7:5d:37:9f:b1:87:29:8a
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: b1:bc:96:8b:d4:f4:9d:62:2a:a8:9a:81:f2:15:01:52:a4:1d:82:9c
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: eb:d4:10:40:e4:bb:3e:c7:42:c9:e3:81:d3:1e:f2:a4:1a:48:b6:68:5c:96:e7:ce:f3:c1:df:6c:d4:33:1c:99
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDdTCCAl2gAwIBAgILBAAAAAABFUtaw5QwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwVzELMAkG
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+HMUfpIBvFSDJ3gyICh3WZlXi/EjJKSZp4A==
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA - R2"
+# Serial: 4835703278459682885658125
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 94:14:77:7e:3e:5e:fd:8f:30:bd:41:b0:cf:e7:d0:30
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 75:e0:ab:b6:13:85:12:27:1c:04:f8:5f:dd:de:38:e4:b7:24:2e:fe
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: ca:42:dd:41:74:5f:d0:b8:1e:b9:02:36:2c:f9:d8:bf:71:9d:a1:bd:1b:1e:fc:94:6f:5b:4c:99:f4:2c:1b:9e
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDujCCAqKgAwIBAgILBAAAAAABD4Ym5g0wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwTDEgMB4G
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Entrust.net Certification Authority (2048) O=Entrust.net OU=www.entrust.net/CPS_2048 incorp. by ref. (limits liab.)/(c) 1999 Entrust.net Limited
+# Subject: CN=Entrust.net Certification Authority (2048) O=Entrust.net OU=www.entrust.net/CPS_2048 incorp. by ref. (limits liab.)/(c) 1999 Entrust.net Limited
+# Label: "Entrust.net Premium 2048 Secure Server CA"
+# Serial: 946069240
+# MD5 Fingerprint: ee:29:31:bc:32:7e:9a:e6:e8:b5:f7:51:b4:34:71:90
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 50:30:06:09:1d:97:d4:f5:ae:39:f7:cb:e7:92:7d:7d:65:2d:34:31
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 6d:c4:71:72:e0:1c:bc:b0:bf:62:58:0d:89:5f:e2:b8:ac:9a:d4:f8:73:80:1e:0c:10:b9:c8:37:d2:1e:b1:77
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Baltimore CyberTrust Root O=Baltimore OU=CyberTrust
+# Subject: CN=Baltimore CyberTrust Root O=Baltimore OU=CyberTrust
+# Label: "Baltimore CyberTrust Root"
+# Serial: 33554617
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+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority O=Entrust, Inc. OU=www.entrust.net/CPS is incorporated by reference/(c) 2006 Entrust, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority O=Entrust, Inc. OU=www.entrust.net/CPS is incorporated by reference/(c) 2006 Entrust, Inc.
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 1164660820
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=AAA Certificate Services O=Comodo CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=AAA Certificate Services O=Comodo CA Limited
+# Label: "Comodo AAA Services root"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 2"
+# Serial: 1289
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 3"
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+# Issuer: O=SECOM Trust.net OU=Security Communication RootCA1
+# Subject: O=SECOM Trust.net OU=Security Communication RootCA1
+# Label: "Security Communication Root CA"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=XRamp Global Certification Authority O=XRamp Security Services Inc OU=www.xrampsecurity.com
+# Label: "XRamp Global CA Root"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: O=The Go Daddy Group, Inc. OU=Go Daddy Class 2 Certification Authority
+# Subject: O=The Go Daddy Group, Inc. OU=Go Daddy Class 2 Certification Authority
+# Label: "Go Daddy Class 2 CA"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: O=Starfield Technologies, Inc. OU=Starfield Class 2 Certification Authority
+# Subject: O=Starfield Technologies, Inc. OU=Starfield Class 2 Certification Authority
+# Label: "Starfield Class 2 CA"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Assured ID Root CA"
+# Serial: 17154717934120587862167794914071425081
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Global Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Global Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Global Root CA"
+# Serial: 10944719598952040374951832963794454346
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 79:e4:a9:84:0d:7d:3a:96:d7:c0:4f:e2:43:4c:89:2e
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA"
+# Serial: 3553400076410547919724730734378100087
+# MD5 Fingerprint: d4:74:de:57:5c:39:b2:d3:9c:85:83:c5:c0:65:49:8a
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 5f:b7:ee:06:33:e2:59:db:ad:0c:4c:9a:e6:d3:8f:1a:61:c7:dc:25
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DST Root CA X3 O=Digital Signature Trust Co.
+# Subject: CN=DST Root CA X3 O=Digital Signature Trust Co.
+# Label: "DST Root CA X3"
+# Serial: 91299735575339953335919266965803778155
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 41:03:52:dc:0f:f7:50:1b:16:f0:02:8e:ba:6f:45:c5
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SwissSign Gold CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Subject: CN=SwissSign Gold CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Label: "SwissSign Gold CA - G2"
+# Serial: 13492815561806991280
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 24:77:d9:a8:91:d1:3b:fa:88:2d:c2:ff:f8:cd:33:93
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: d8:c5:38:8a:b7:30:1b:1b:6e:d4:7a:e6:45:25:3a:6f:9f:1a:27:61
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SwissSign Silver CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Subject: CN=SwissSign Silver CA - G2 O=SwissSign AG
+# Label: "SwissSign Silver CA - G2"
+# Serial: 5700383053117599563
+# MD5 Fingerprint: e0:06:a1:c9:7d:cf:c9:fc:0d:c0:56:75:96:d8:62:13
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 9b:aa:e5:9f:56:ee:21:cb:43:5a:be:25:93:df:a7:f0:40:d1:1d:cb
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: be:6c:4d:a2:bb:b9:ba:59:b6:f3:93:97:68:37:42:46:c3:c0:05:99:3f:a9:8f:02:0d:1d:ed:be:d4:8a:81:d5
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SecureTrust CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SecureTrust CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Label: "SecureTrust CA"
+# Serial: 17199774589125277788362757014266862032
+# MD5 Fingerprint: dc:32:c3:a7:6d:25:57:c7:68:09:9d:ea:2d:a9:a2:d1
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 87:82:c6:c3:04:35:3b:cf:d2:96:92:d2:59:3e:7d:44:d9:34:ff:11
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Secure Global CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Subject: CN=Secure Global CA O=SecureTrust Corporation
+# Label: "Secure Global CA"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=COMODO Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=COMODO Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Label: "COMODO Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 104350513648249232941998508985834464573
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Network Solutions Certificate Authority O=Network Solutions L.L.C.
+# Subject: CN=Network Solutions Certificate Authority O=Network Solutions L.L.C.
+# Label: "Network Solutions Certificate Authority"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Label: "COMODO ECC Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 41578283867086692638256921589707938090
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certigna O=Dhimyotis
+# Subject: CN=Certigna O=Dhimyotis
+# Label: "Certigna"
+# Serial: 18364802974209362175
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Cybertrust Global Root O=Cybertrust, Inc
+# Subject: CN=Cybertrust Global Root O=Cybertrust, Inc
+# Label: "Cybertrust Global Root"
+# Serial: 4835703278459682877484360
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: O=Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd. OU=ePKI Root Certification Authority
+# Subject: O=Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd. OU=ePKI Root Certification Authority
+# Label: "ePKI Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 28956088682735189655030529057352760477
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1b:2e:00:ca:26:06:90:3d:ad:fe:6f:15:68:d3:6b:b3
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: O=certSIGN OU=certSIGN ROOT CA
+# Subject: O=certSIGN OU=certSIGN ROOT CA
+# Label: "certSIGN ROOT CA"
+# Serial: 35210227249154
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 18:98:c0:d6:e9:3a:fc:f9:b0:f5:0c:f7:4b:01:44:17
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: fa:b7:ee:36:97:26:62:fb:2d:b0:2a:f6:bf:03:fd:e8:7c:4b:2f:9b
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=NetLock Arany (Class Gold) F\u0151tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1ny O=NetLock Kft. OU=Tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1nykiad\xf3k (Certification Services)
+# Subject: CN=NetLock Arany (Class Gold) F\u0151tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1ny O=NetLock Kft. OU=Tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1nykiad\xf3k (Certification Services)
+# Label: "NetLock Arany (Class Gold) F\u0151tan\xfas\xedtv\xe1ny"
+# Serial: 80544274841616
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c5:a1:b7:ff:73:dd:d6:d7:34:32:18:df:fc:3c:ad:88
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 06:08:3f:59:3f:15:a1:04:a0:69:a4:6b:a9:03:d0:06:b7:97:09:91
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 6c:61:da:c3:a2:de:f0:31:50:6b:e0:36:d2:a6:fe:40:19:94:fb:d1:3d:f9:c8:d4:66:59:92:74:c4:46:ec:98
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 1 O=Hongkong Post
+# Subject: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 1 O=Hongkong Post
+# Label: "Hongkong Post Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 1000
+# MD5 Fingerprint: a8:0d:6f:39:78:b9:43:6d:77:42:6d:98:5a:cc:23:ca
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: d6:da:a8:20:8d:09:d2:15:4d:24:b5:2f:cb:34:6e:b2:58:b2:8a:58
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SecureSign RootCA11 O=Japan Certification Services, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=SecureSign RootCA11 O=Japan Certification Services, Inc.
+# Label: "SecureSign RootCA11"
+# Serial: 1
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b7:52:74:e2:92:b4:80:93:f2:75:e4:cc:d7:f2:ea:26
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 3b:c4:9f:48:f8:f3:73:a0:9c:1e:bd:f8:5b:b1:c3:65:c7:d8:11:b3
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Subject: CN=Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Label: "Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009"
+# Serial: 14014712776195784473
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f8:49:f4:03:bc:44:2d:83:be:48:69:7d:29:64:fc:b1
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 89:df:74:fe:5c:f4:0f:4a:80:f9:e3:37:7d:54:da:91:e1:01:31:8e
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 3c:5f:81:fe:a5:fa:b8:2c:64:bf:a2:ea:ec:af:cd:e8:e0:77:fc:86:20:a7:ca:e5:37:16:3d:f3:6e:db:f3:78
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R3
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R3
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA - R3"
+# Serial: 4835703278459759426209954
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c5:df:b8:49:ca:05:13:55:ee:2d:ba:1a:c3:3e:b0:28
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: d6:9b:56:11:48:f0:1c:77:c5:45:78:c1:09:26:df:5b:85:69:76:ad
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: cb:b5:22:d7:b7:f1:27:ad:6a:01:13:86:5b:df:1c:d4:10:2e:7d:07:59:af:63:5a:7c:f4:72:0d:c9:63:c5:3b
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068
+# Subject: CN=Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068
+# Label: "Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Izenpe.com O=IZENPE S.A.
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+# Label: "Izenpe.com"
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+# Issuer: CN=Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=GoDaddy.com, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=GoDaddy.com, Inc.
+# Label: "Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Label: "Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2 O=Starfield Technologies, Inc.
+# Label: "Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Label: "AffirmTrust Commercial"
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+# Label: "AffirmTrust Networking"
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+# Label: "AffirmTrust Premium"
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+
+# Issuer: CN=AffirmTrust Premium ECC O=AffirmTrust
+# Subject: CN=AffirmTrust Premium ECC O=AffirmTrust
+# Label: "AffirmTrust Premium ECC"
+# Serial: 8401224907861490260
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
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+# Label: "Certum Trusted Network CA"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=TWCA Root Certification Authority O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Subject: CN=TWCA Root Certification Authority O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Label: "TWCA Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: O=SECOM Trust Systems CO.,LTD. OU=Security Communication RootCA2
+# Subject: O=SECOM Trust Systems CO.,LTD. OU=Security Communication RootCA2
+# Label: "Security Communication RootCA2"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=EC-ACC O=Agencia Catalana de Certificacio (NIF Q-0801176-I) OU=Serveis Publics de Certificacio/Vegeu https://www.catcert.net/verarrel (c)03/Jerarquia Entitats de Certificacio Catalanes
+# Subject: CN=EC-ACC O=Agencia Catalana de Certificacio (NIF Q-0801176-I) OU=Serveis Publics de Certificacio/Vegeu https://www.catcert.net/verarrel (c)03/Jerarquia Entitats de Certificacio Catalanes
+# Label: "EC-ACC"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions Cert. Authority
+# Subject: CN=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions Cert. Authority
+# Label: "Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011"
+# Serial: 0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Actalis Authentication Root CA O=Actalis S.p.A./03358520967
+# Subject: CN=Actalis Authentication Root CA O=Actalis S.p.A./03358520967
+# Label: "Actalis Authentication Root CA"
+# Serial: 6271844772424770508
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Buypass Class 2 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Subject: CN=Buypass Class 2 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Label: "Buypass Class 2 Root CA"
+# Serial: 2
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Buypass Class 3 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Subject: CN=Buypass Class 3 Root CA O=Buypass AS-983163327
+# Label: "Buypass Class 3 Root CA"
+# Serial: 2
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Subject: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Label: "T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Subject: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Label: "D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009"
+# Serial: 623603
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Subject: CN=D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009 O=D-Trust GmbH
+# Label: "D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009"
+# Serial: 623604
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=CA Disig Root R2 O=Disig a.s.
+# Subject: CN=CA Disig Root R2 O=Disig a.s.
+# Label: "CA Disig Root R2"
+# Serial: 10572350602393338211
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=ACCVRAIZ1 O=ACCV OU=PKIACCV
+# Subject: CN=ACCVRAIZ1 O=ACCV OU=PKIACCV
+# Label: "ACCVRAIZ1"
+# Serial: 6828503384748696800
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TWCA Global Root CA O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Subject: CN=TWCA Global Root CA O=TAIWAN-CA OU=Root CA
+# Label: "TWCA Global Root CA"
+# Serial: 3262
+# MD5 Fingerprint: f9:03:7e:cf:e6:9e:3c:73:7a:2a:90:07:69:ff:2b:96
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TeliaSonera Root CA v1 O=TeliaSonera
+# Subject: CN=TeliaSonera Root CA v1 O=TeliaSonera
+# Label: "TeliaSonera Root CA v1"
+# Serial: 199041966741090107964904287217786801558
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 37:41:49:1b:18:56:9a:26:f5:ad:c2:66:fb:40:a5:4c
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=E-Tugra Certification Authority O=E-Tu\u011fra EBG Bili\u015fim Teknolojileri ve Hizmetleri A.\u015e. OU=E-Tugra Sertifikasyon Merkezi
+# Subject: CN=E-Tugra Certification Authority O=E-Tu\u011fra EBG Bili\u015fim Teknolojileri ve Hizmetleri A.\u015e. OU=E-Tugra Sertifikasyon Merkezi
+# Label: "E-Tugra Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 7667447206703254355
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b8:a1:03:63:b0:bd:21:71:70:8a:6f:13:3a:bb:79:49
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 51:c6:e7:08:49:06:6e:f3:92:d4:5c:a0:0d:6d:a3:62:8f:c3:52:39
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: b0:bf:d5:2b:b0:d7:d9:bd:92:bf:5d:4d:c1:3d:a2:55:c0:2c:54:2f:37:83:65:ea:89:39:11:f5:5e:55:f2:3c
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Subject: CN=T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2 O=T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH OU=T-Systems Trust Center
+# Label: "T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2"
+# Serial: 1
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 2b:9b:9e:e4:7b:6c:1f:00:72:1a:cc:c1:77:79:df:6a
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 59:0d:2d:7d:88:4f:40:2e:61:7e:a5:62:32:17:65:cf:17:d8:94:e9
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 91:e2:f5:78:8d:58:10:eb:a7:ba:58:73:7d:e1:54:8a:8e:ca:cd:01:45:98:bc:0b:14:3e:04:1b:17:05:25:52
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Atos TrustedRoot 2011 O=Atos
+# Subject: CN=Atos TrustedRoot 2011 O=Atos
+# Label: "Atos TrustedRoot 2011"
+# Serial: 6643877497813316402
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3"
+# Serial: 687049649626669250736271037606554624078720034195
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3"
+# Serial: 390156079458959257446133169266079962026824725800
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Subject: CN=QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3 O=QuoVadis Limited
+# Label: "QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3"
+# Serial: 268090761170461462463995952157327242137089239581
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Assured ID Root G2"
+# Serial: 15385348160840213938643033620894905419
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 92:38:b9:f8:63:24:82:65:2c:57:33:e6:fe:81:8f:9d
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: a1:4b:48:d9:43:ee:0a:0e:40:90:4f:3c:e0:a4:c0:91:93:51:5d:3f
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Assured ID Root G3"
+# Serial: 15459312981008553731928384953135426796
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 7c:7f:65:31:0c:81:df:8d:ba:3e:99:e2:5c:ad:6e:fb
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: f5:17:a2:4f:9a:48:c6:c9:f8:a2:00:26:9f:dc:0f:48:2c:ab:30:89
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 7e:37:cb:8b:4c:47:09:0c:ab:36:55:1b:a6:f4:5d:b8:40:68:0f:ba:16:6a:95:2d:b1:00:71:7f:43:05:3f:c2
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Global Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Global Root G2 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Global Root G2"
+# Serial: 4293743540046975378534879503202253541
+# MD5 Fingerprint: e4:a6:8a:c8:54:ac:52:42:46:0a:fd:72:48:1b:2a:44
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Global Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Global Root G3 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Global Root G3"
+# Serial: 7089244469030293291760083333884364146
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Subject: CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4 O=DigiCert Inc OU=www.digicert.com
+# Label: "DigiCert Trusted Root G4"
+# Serial: 7451500558977370777930084869016614236
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=COMODO RSA Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Subject: CN=COMODO RSA Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
+# Label: "COMODO RSA Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 101909084537582093308941363524873193117
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1b:31:b0:71:40:36:cc:14:36:91:ad:c4:3e:fd:ec:18
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: af:e5:d2:44:a8:d1:19:42:30:ff:47:9f:e2:f8:97:bb:cd:7a:8c:b4
+# SHA256 Fingerprint: 52:f0:e1:c4:e5:8e:c6:29:29:1b:60:31:7f:07:46:71:b8:5d:7e:a8:0d:5b:07:27:34:63:53:4b:32:b4:02:34
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=USERTrust RSA Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Subject: CN=USERTrust RSA Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Label: "USERTrust RSA Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 2645093764781058787591871645665788717
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1b:fe:69:d1:91:b7:19:33:a3:72:a8:0f:e1:55:e5:b5
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 2b:8f:1b:57:33:0d:bb:a2:d0:7a:6c:51:f7:0e:e9:0d:da:b9:ad:8e
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=USERTrust ECC Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Subject: CN=USERTrust ECC Certification Authority O=The USERTRUST Network
+# Label: "USERTrust ECC Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 123013823720199481456569720443997572134
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4
+# Label: "GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4"
+# Serial: 14367148294922964480859022125800977897474
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5
+# Label: "GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5"
+# Serial: 32785792099990507226680698011560947931244
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 9f:ad:3b:1c:02:1e:8a:ba:17:74:38:81:0c:a2:bc:08
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA O=Staat der Nederlanden
+# Subject: CN=Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA O=Staat der Nederlanden
+# Label: "Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA"
+# Serial: 10000013
+# MD5 Fingerprint: fc:06:af:7b:e8:1a:f1:9a:b4:e8:d2:70:1f:c0:f5:ba
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 76:e2:7e:c1:4f:db:82:c1:c0:a6:75:b5:05:be:3d:29:b4:ed:db:bb
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Subject: CN=IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Label: "IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 13298821034946342390520003877796839426
+# MD5 Fingerprint: b3:3e:77:73:75:ee:a0:d3:e3:7e:49:63:49:59:bb:c7
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: df:71:7e:aa:4a:d9:4e:c9:55:84:99:60:2d:48:de:5f:bc:f0:3a:25
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Subject: CN=IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
+# Label: "IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1"
+# Serial: 13298821034946342390521976156843933698
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 37:06:a5:b0:fc:89:9d:ba:f4:6b:8c:1a:64:cd:d5:ba
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2"
+# Serial: 1246989352
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2012 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2012 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1"
+# Serial: 51543124481930649114116133369
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=CFCA EV ROOT O=China Financial Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=CFCA EV ROOT O=China Financial Certification Authority
+# Label: "CFCA EV ROOT"
+# Serial: 407555286
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Subject: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Label: "OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA"
+# Serial: 157768595616588414422159278966750757568
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=SZAFIR ROOT CA2 O=Krajowa Izba Rozliczeniowa S.A.
+# Subject: CN=SZAFIR ROOT CA2 O=Krajowa Izba Rozliczeniowa S.A.
+# Label: "SZAFIR ROOT CA2"
+# Serial: 357043034767186914217277344587386743377558296292
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA 2 O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=Certum Trusted Network CA 2 O=Unizeto Technologies S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum Trusted Network CA 2"
+# Serial: 44979900017204383099463764357512596969
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 2 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 2 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 2"
+# Serial: 143266982885963551818349160658925006970653239
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c8:e5:8d:ce:a8:42:e2:7a:c0:2a:5c:7c:9e:26:bf:66
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 3 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 3 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 3"
+# Serial: 143266986699090766294700635381230934788665930
+# MD5 Fingerprint: a0:d4:ef:0b:f7:b5:d8:49:95:2a:ec:f5:c4:fc:81:87
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=Amazon Root CA 4 O=Amazon
+# Subject: CN=Amazon Root CA 4 O=Amazon
+# Label: "Amazon Root CA 4"
+# Serial: 143266989758080763974105200630763877849284878
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 89:bc:27:d5:eb:17:8d:06:6a:69:d5:fd:89:47:b4:cd
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1 O=Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu - TUBITAK OU=Kamu Sertifikasyon Merkezi - Kamu SM
+# Subject: CN=TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1 O=Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu - TUBITAK OU=Kamu Sertifikasyon Merkezi - Kamu SM
+# Label: "TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1"
+# Serial: 1
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT O=GUANG DONG CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY CO.,LTD.
+# Subject: CN=GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT O=GUANG DONG CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY CO.,LTD.
+# Label: "GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT"
+# Serial: 9009899650740120186
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 63:cc:d9:3d:34:35:5c:6f:53:a3:e2:08:70:48:1f:b4
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 0f:36:38:5b:81:1a:25:c3:9b:31:4e:83:ca:e9:34:66:70:cc:74:b4
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Subject: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Label: "TrustCor RootCert CA-1"
+# Serial: 15752444095811006489
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-2 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Subject: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-2 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Label: "TrustCor RootCert CA-2"
+# Serial: 2711694510199101698
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=TrustCor ECA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Subject: CN=TrustCor ECA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
+# Label: "TrustCor ECA-1"
+# Serial: 9548242946988625984
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA"
+# Serial: 8875640296558310041
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 86:69:12:c0:70:f1:ec:ac:ac:c2:d5:bc:a5:5b:a1:29
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC"
+# Serial: 8495723813297216424
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2 O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2 O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2"
+# Serial: 6248227494352943350
+# MD5 Fingerprint: e1:1e:31:58:1a:ae:54:53:02:f6:17:6a:11:7b:4d:95
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Subject: CN=SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC O=SSL Corporation
+# Label: "SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC"
+# Serial: 3182246526754555285
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 59:53:22:65:83:42:01:54:c0:ce:42:b9:5a:7c:f2:90
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: 4c:dd:51:a3:d1:f5:20:32:14:b0:c6:c5:32:23:03:91:c7:46:42:6d
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R6
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign O=GlobalSign OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R6
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root CA - R6"
+# Serial: 1417766617973444989252670301619537
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Subject: CN=OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA O=WISeKey OU=OISTE Foundation Endorsed
+# Label: "OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA"
+# Serial: 44084345621038548146064804565436152554
+# MD5 Fingerprint: a9:d6:b9:2d:2f:93:64:f8:a5:69:ca:91:e9:68:07:23
+# SHA1 Fingerprint: e0:11:84:5e:34:de:be:88:81:b9:9c:f6:16:26:d1:96:1f:c3:b9:31
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R1 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R1 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R1"
+# Serial: 146587175971765017618439757810265552097
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 82:1a:ef:d4:d2:4a:f2:9f:e2:3d:97:06:14:70:72:85
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R2 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R2 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R2"
+# Serial: 146587176055767053814479386953112547951
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 44:ed:9a:0e:a4:09:3b:00:f2:ae:4c:a3:c6:61:b0:8b
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R3 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R3 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R3"
+# Serial: 146587176140553309517047991083707763997
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 1a:79:5b:6b:04:52:9c:5d:c7:74:33:1b:25:9a:f9:25
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=GTS Root R4 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Subject: CN=GTS Root R4 O=Google Trust Services LLC
+# Label: "GTS Root R4"
+# Serial: 146587176229350439916519468929765261721
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=UCA Global G2 Root O=UniTrust
+# Subject: CN=UCA Global G2 Root O=UniTrust
+# Label: "UCA Global G2 Root"
+# Serial: 124779693093741543919145257850076631279
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=UCA Extended Validation Root O=UniTrust
+# Subject: CN=UCA Extended Validation Root O=UniTrust
+# Label: "UCA Extended Validation Root"
+# Serial: 106100277556486529736699587978573607008
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Certigna Root CA O=Dhimyotis OU=0002 48146308100036
+# Subject: CN=Certigna Root CA O=Dhimyotis OU=0002 48146308100036
+# Label: "Certigna Root CA"
+# Serial: 269714418870597844693661054334862075617
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=emSign Root CA - G1 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Subject: CN=emSign Root CA - G1 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign Root CA - G1"
+# Serial: 235931866688319308814040
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - G3 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Subject: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - G3 O=eMudhra Technologies Limited OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign ECC Root CA - G3"
+# Serial: 287880440101571086945156
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=emSign Root CA - C1 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign Root CA - C1"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - C3 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Subject: CN=emSign ECC Root CA - C3 O=eMudhra Inc OU=emSign PKI
+# Label: "emSign ECC Root CA - C3"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 3 O=Hongkong Post
+# Subject: CN=Hongkong Post Root CA 3 O=Hongkong Post
+# Label: "Hongkong Post Root CA 3"
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G4 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2015 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Subject: CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G4 O=Entrust, Inc. OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms/(c) 2015 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only
+# Label: "Entrust Root Certification Authority - G4"
+# Serial: 289383649854506086828220374796556676440
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Microsoft ECC Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Subject: CN=Microsoft ECC Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Label: "Microsoft ECC Root Certificate Authority 2017"
+# Serial: 136839042543790627607696632466672567020
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Microsoft RSA Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Subject: CN=Microsoft RSA Root Certificate Authority 2017 O=Microsoft Corporation
+# Label: "Microsoft RSA Root Certificate Authority 2017"
+# Serial: 40975477897264996090493496164228220339
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=e-Szigno Root CA 2017 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Subject: CN=e-Szigno Root CA 2017 O=Microsec Ltd.
+# Label: "e-Szigno Root CA 2017"
+# Serial: 411379200276854331539784714
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: O=CERTSIGN SA OU=certSIGN ROOT CA G2
+# Subject: O=CERTSIGN SA OU=certSIGN ROOT CA G2
+# Label: "certSIGN Root CA G2"
+# Serial: 313609486401300475190
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+# Issuer: CN=Trustwave Global Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Trustwave Global Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Label: "Trustwave Global Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 1846098327275375458322922162
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P256 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P256 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Label: "Trustwave Global ECC P256 Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 4151900041497450638097112925
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 5b:44:e3:8d:5d:36:86:26:e8:0d:05:d2:59:a7:83:54
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P384 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Subject: CN=Trustwave Global ECC P384 Certification Authority O=Trustwave Holdings, Inc.
+# Label: "Trustwave Global ECC P384 Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 2704997926503831671788816187
+# MD5 Fingerprint: ea:cf:60:c4:3b:b9:15:29:40:a1:97:ed:78:27:93:d6
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=NAVER Global Root Certification Authority O=NAVER BUSINESS PLATFORM Corp.
+# Subject: CN=NAVER Global Root Certification Authority O=NAVER BUSINESS PLATFORM Corp.
+# Label: "NAVER Global Root Certification Authority"
+# Serial: 9013692873798656336226253319739695165984492813
+# MD5 Fingerprint: c8:7e:41:f6:25:3b:f5:09:b3:17:e8:46:3d:bf:d0:9b
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS O=FNMT-RCM OU=Ceres
+# Subject: CN=AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS O=FNMT-RCM OU=Ceres
+# Label: "AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS"
+# Serial: 131542671362353147877283741781055151509
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign Root R46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign Root R46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root R46"
+# Serial: 1552617688466950547958867513931858518042577
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GlobalSign Root E46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Subject: CN=GlobalSign Root E46 O=GlobalSign nv-sa
+# Label: "GlobalSign Root E46"
+# Serial: 1552617690338932563915843282459653771421763
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+
+# Issuer: CN=GLOBALTRUST 2020 O=e-commerce monitoring GmbH
+# Subject: CN=GLOBALTRUST 2020 O=e-commerce monitoring GmbH
+# Label: "GLOBALTRUST 2020"
+# Serial: 109160994242082918454945253
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 8a:c7:6f:cb:6d:e3:cc:a2:f1:7c:83:fa:0e:78:d7:e8
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Issuer: CN=ANF Secure Server Root CA O=ANF Autoridad de Certificacion OU=ANF CA Raiz
+# Subject: CN=ANF Secure Server Root CA O=ANF Autoridad de Certificacion OU=ANF CA Raiz
+# Label: "ANF Secure Server Root CA"
+# Serial: 996390341000653745
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 26:a6:44:5a:d9:af:4e:2f:b2:1d:b6:65:b0:4e:e8:96
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+# Subject: CN=Certum EC-384 CA O=Asseco Data Systems S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum EC-384 CA"
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+
+# Issuer: CN=Certum Trusted Root CA O=Asseco Data Systems S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Subject: CN=Certum Trusted Root CA O=Asseco Data Systems S.A. OU=Certum Certification Authority
+# Label: "Certum Trusted Root CA"
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+
+# Issuer: CN=TunTrust Root CA O=Agence Nationale de Certification Electronique
+# Subject: CN=TunTrust Root CA O=Agence Nationale de Certification Electronique
+# Label: "TunTrust Root CA"
+# Serial: 108534058042236574382096126452369648152337120275
+# MD5 Fingerprint: 85:13:b9:90:5b:36:5c:b6:5e:b8:5a:f8:e0:31:57:b4
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+
+# Issuer: CN=HARICA TLS RSA Root CA 2021 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions CA
+# Subject: CN=HARICA TLS RSA Root CA 2021 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions CA
+# Label: "HARICA TLS RSA Root CA 2021"
+# Serial: 76817823531813593706434026085292783742
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+# Issuer: CN=HARICA TLS ECC Root CA 2021 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions CA
+# Subject: CN=HARICA TLS ECC Root CA 2021 O=Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions CA
+# Label: "HARICA TLS ECC Root CA 2021"
+# Serial: 137515985548005187474074462014555733966
+# MD5 Fingerprint: ae:f7:4c:e5:66:35:d1:b7:9b:8c:22:93:74:d3:4b:b0
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+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8140cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+certifi.py
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module returns the installation location of cacert.pem or its contents.
+"""
+import os
+
+
+class _PipPatchedCertificate(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    # Return a certificate file on disk for a standalone pip zipapp running in
+    # an isolated build environment to use. Passing --cert to the standalone
+    # pip does not work since requests calls where() unconditionally on import.
+    _PIP_STANDALONE_CERT = os.environ.get("_PIP_STANDALONE_CERT")
+    if _PIP_STANDALONE_CERT:
+        def where():
+            return _PIP_STANDALONE_CERT
+        raise _PipPatchedCertificate()
+
+    from importlib.resources import path as get_path, read_text
+
+    _CACERT_CTX = None
+    _CACERT_PATH = None
+
+    def where():
+        # This is slightly terrible, but we want to delay extracting the file
+        # in cases where we're inside of a zipimport situation until someone
+        # actually calls where(), but we don't want to re-extract the file
+        # on every call of where(), so we'll do it once then store it in a
+        # global variable.
+        global _CACERT_CTX
+        global _CACERT_PATH
+        if _CACERT_PATH is None:
+            # This is slightly janky, the importlib.resources API wants you to
+            # manage the cleanup of this file, so it doesn't actually return a
+            # path, it returns a context manager that will give you the path
+            # when you enter it and will do any cleanup when you leave it. In
+            # the common case of not needing a temporary file, it will just
+            # return the file system location and the __exit__() is a no-op.
+            #
+            # We also have to hold onto the actual context manager, because
+            # it will do the cleanup whenever it gets garbage collected, so
+            # we will also store that at the global level as well.
+            _CACERT_CTX = get_path("pip._vendor.certifi", "cacert.pem")
+            _CACERT_PATH = str(_CACERT_CTX.__enter__())
+
+        return _CACERT_PATH
+
+except _PipPatchedCertificate:
+    pass
+
+except ImportError:
+    # This fallback will work for Python versions prior to 3.7 that lack the
+    # importlib.resources module but relies on the existing `where` function
+    # so won't address issues with environments like PyOxidizer that don't set
+    # __file__ on modules.
+    def read_text(_module, _path, encoding="ascii"):
+        with open(where(), "r", encoding=encoding) as data:
+            return data.read()
+
+    # If we don't have importlib.resources, then we will just do the old logic
+    # of assuming we're on the filesystem and munge the path directly.
+    def where():
+        f = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+
+        return os.path.join(f, "cacert.pem")
+
+
+def contents():
+    return read_text("certifi", "cacert.pem", encoding="ascii")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80ad254
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+
+from .universaldetector import UniversalDetector
+from .enums import InputState
+from .version import __version__, VERSION
+
+
+__all__ = ['UniversalDetector', 'detect', 'detect_all', '__version__', 'VERSION']
+
+
+def detect(byte_str):
+    """
+    Detect the encoding of the given byte string.
+
+    :param byte_str:     The byte sequence to examine.
+    :type byte_str:      ``bytes`` or ``bytearray``
+    """
+    if not isinstance(byte_str, bytearray):
+        if not isinstance(byte_str, bytes):
+            raise TypeError('Expected object of type bytes or bytearray, got: '
+                            '{}'.format(type(byte_str)))
+        else:
+            byte_str = bytearray(byte_str)
+    detector = UniversalDetector()
+    detector.feed(byte_str)
+    return detector.close()
+
+
+def detect_all(byte_str):
+    """
+    Detect all the possible encodings of the given byte string.
+
+    :param byte_str:     The byte sequence to examine.
+    :type byte_str:      ``bytes`` or ``bytearray``
+    """
+    if not isinstance(byte_str, bytearray):
+        if not isinstance(byte_str, bytes):
+            raise TypeError('Expected object of type bytes or bytearray, got: '
+                            '{}'.format(type(byte_str)))
+        else:
+            byte_str = bytearray(byte_str)
+
+    detector = UniversalDetector()
+    detector.feed(byte_str)
+    detector.close()
+
+    if detector._input_state == InputState.HIGH_BYTE:
+        results = []
+        for prober in detector._charset_probers:
+            if prober.get_confidence() > detector.MINIMUM_THRESHOLD:
+                charset_name = prober.charset_name
+                lower_charset_name = prober.charset_name.lower()
+                # Use Windows encoding name instead of ISO-8859 if we saw any
+                # extra Windows-specific bytes
+                if lower_charset_name.startswith('iso-8859'):
+                    if detector._has_win_bytes:
+                        charset_name = detector.ISO_WIN_MAP.get(lower_charset_name,
+                                                            charset_name)
+                results.append({
+                    'encoding': charset_name,
+                    'confidence': prober.get_confidence(),
+                    'language': prober.language,
+                })
+        if len(results) > 0:
+            return sorted(results, key=lambda result: -result['confidence'])
+
+    return [detector.result]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/big5freq.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/big5freq.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38f3251
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/big5freq.py
@@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+# Big5 frequency table
+# by Taiwan's Mandarin Promotion Council
+# <http://www.edu.tw:81/mandr/>
+#
+# 128  --> 0.42261
+# 256  --> 0.57851
+# 512  --> 0.74851
+# 1024 --> 0.89384
+# 2048 --> 0.97583
+#
+# Ideal Distribution Ratio = 0.74851/(1-0.74851) =2.98
+# Random Distribution Ration = 512/(5401-512)=0.105
+#
+# Typical Distribution Ratio about 25% of Ideal one, still much higher than RDR
+
+BIG5_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO = 0.75
+
+#Char to FreqOrder table
+BIG5_TABLE_SIZE = 5376
+
+BIG5_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER = (
+   1,1801,1506, 255,1431, 198,   9,  82,   6,5008, 177, 202,3681,1256,2821, 110, #   16
+3814,  33,3274, 261,  76,  44,2114,  16,2946,2187,1176, 659,3971,  26,3451,2653, #   32
+1198,3972,3350,4202, 410,2215, 302, 590, 361,1964,   8, 204,  58,4510,5009,1932, #   48
+  63,5010,5011, 317,1614,  75, 222, 159,4203,2417,1480,5012,3555,3091, 224,2822, #   64
+3682,   3,  10,3973,1471,  29,2787,1135,2866,1940, 873, 130,3275,1123, 312,5013, #   80
+4511,2052, 507, 252, 682,5014, 142,1915, 124, 206,2947,  34,3556,3204,  64, 604, #   96
+5015,2501,1977,1978, 155,1991, 645, 641,1606,5016,3452, 337,  72, 406,5017,  80, #  112
+ 630, 238,3205,1509, 263, 939,1092,2654, 756,1440,1094,3453, 449,  69,2987, 591, #  128
+ 179,2096, 471, 115,2035,1844,  60,  50,2988, 134, 806,1869, 734,2036,3454, 180, #  144
+ 995,1607, 156, 537,2907, 688,5018, 319,1305, 779,2145, 514,2379, 298,4512, 359, #  160
+2502,  90,2716,1338, 663,  11, 906,1099,2553,  20,2441, 182, 532,1716,5019, 732, #  176
+1376,4204,1311,1420,3206,  25,2317,1056, 113, 399, 382,1950, 242,3455,2474, 529, #  192
+3276, 475,1447,3683,5020, 117,  21, 656, 810,1297,2300,2334,3557,5021, 126,4205, #  208
+ 706, 456, 150, 613,4513,  71,1118,2037,4206, 145,3092,  85, 835, 486,2115,1246, #  224
+1426, 428, 727,1285,1015, 800, 106, 623, 303,1281,5022,2128,2359, 347,3815, 221, #  240
+3558,3135,5023,1956,1153,4207,  83, 296,1199,3093, 192, 624,  93,5024, 822,1898, #  256
+2823,3136, 795,2065, 991,1554,1542,1592,  27,  43,2867, 859, 139,1456, 860,4514, #  272
+ 437, 712,3974, 164,2397,3137, 695, 211,3037,2097, 195,3975,1608,3559,3560,3684, #  288
+3976, 234, 811,2989,2098,3977,2233,1441,3561,1615,2380, 668,2077,1638, 305, 228, #  304
+1664,4515, 467, 415,5025, 262,2099,1593, 239, 108, 300, 200,1033, 512,1247,2078, #  320
+5026,5027,2176,3207,3685,2682, 593, 845,1062,3277,  88,1723,2038,3978,1951, 212, #  336
+ 266, 152, 149, 468,1899,4208,4516,  77, 187,5028,3038,  37,   5,2990,5029,3979, #  352
+5030,5031,  39,2524,4517,2908,3208,2079,  55, 148,  74,4518, 545, 483,1474,1029, #  368
+1665, 217,1870,1531,3138,1104,2655,4209,  24, 172,3562, 900,3980,3563,3564,4519, #  384
+  32,1408,2824,1312, 329, 487,2360,2251,2717, 784,2683,   4,3039,3351,1427,1789, #  400
+ 188, 109, 499,5032,3686,1717,1790, 888,1217,3040,4520,5033,3565,5034,3352,1520, #  416
+3687,3981, 196,1034, 775,5035,5036, 929,1816, 249, 439,  38,5037,1063,5038, 794, #  432
+3982,1435,2301,  46, 178,3278,2066,5039,2381,5040, 214,1709,4521, 804,  35, 707, #  448
+ 324,3688,1601,2554, 140, 459,4210,5041,5042,1365, 839, 272, 978,2262,2580,3456, #  464
+2129,1363,3689,1423, 697, 100,3094,  48,  70,1231, 495,3139,2196,5043,1294,5044, #  480
+2080, 462, 586,1042,3279, 853, 256, 988, 185,2382,3457,1698, 434,1084,5045,3458, #  496
+ 314,2625,2788,4522,2335,2336, 569,2285, 637,1817,2525, 757,1162,1879,1616,3459, #  512
+ 287,1577,2116, 768,4523,1671,2868,3566,2526,1321,3816, 909,2418,5046,4211, 933, #  528
+3817,4212,2053,2361,1222,4524, 765,2419,1322, 786,4525,5047,1920,1462,1677,2909, #  544
+1699,5048,4526,1424,2442,3140,3690,2600,3353,1775,1941,3460,3983,4213, 309,1369, #  560
+1130,2825, 364,2234,1653,1299,3984,3567,3985,3986,2656, 525,1085,3041, 902,2001, #  576
+1475, 964,4527, 421,1845,1415,1057,2286, 940,1364,3141, 376,4528,4529,1381,   7, #  592
+2527, 983,2383, 336,1710,2684,1846, 321,3461, 559,1131,3042,2752,1809,1132,1313, #  608
+ 265,1481,1858,5049, 352,1203,2826,3280, 167,1089, 420,2827, 776, 792,1724,3568, #  624
+4214,2443,3281,5050,4215,5051, 446, 229, 333,2753, 901,3818,1200,1557,4530,2657, #  640
+1921, 395,2754,2685,3819,4216,1836, 125, 916,3209,2626,4531,5052,5053,3820,5054, #  656
+5055,5056,4532,3142,3691,1133,2555,1757,3462,1510,2318,1409,3569,5057,2146, 438, #  672
+2601,2910,2384,3354,1068, 958,3043, 461, 311,2869,2686,4217,1916,3210,4218,1979, #  688
+ 383, 750,2755,2627,4219, 274, 539, 385,1278,1442,5058,1154,1965, 384, 561, 210, #  704
+  98,1295,2556,3570,5059,1711,2420,1482,3463,3987,2911,1257, 129,5060,3821, 642, #  720
+ 523,2789,2790,2658,5061, 141,2235,1333,  68, 176, 441, 876, 907,4220, 603,2602, #  736
+ 710, 171,3464, 404, 549,  18,3143,2398,1410,3692,1666,5062,3571,4533,2912,4534, #  752
+5063,2991, 368,5064, 146, 366,  99, 871,3693,1543, 748, 807,1586,1185,  22,2263, #  768
+ 379,3822,3211,5065,3212, 505,1942,2628,1992,1382,2319,5066, 380,2362, 218, 702, #  784
+1818,1248,3465,3044,3572,3355,3282,5067,2992,3694, 930,3283,3823,5068,  59,5069, #  800
+ 585, 601,4221, 497,3466,1112,1314,4535,1802,5070,1223,1472,2177,5071, 749,1837, #  816
+ 690,1900,3824,1773,3988,1476, 429,1043,1791,2236,2117, 917,4222, 447,1086,1629, #  832
+5072, 556,5073,5074,2021,1654, 844,1090, 105, 550, 966,1758,2828,1008,1783, 686, #  848
+1095,5075,2287, 793,1602,5076,3573,2603,4536,4223,2948,2302,4537,3825, 980,2503, #  864
+ 544, 353, 527,4538, 908,2687,2913,5077, 381,2629,1943,1348,5078,1341,1252, 560, #  880
+3095,5079,3467,2870,5080,2054, 973, 886,2081, 143,4539,5081,5082, 157,3989, 496, #  896
+4224,  57, 840, 540,2039,4540,4541,3468,2118,1445, 970,2264,1748,1966,2082,4225, #  912
+3144,1234,1776,3284,2829,3695, 773,1206,2130,1066,2040,1326,3990,1738,1725,4226, #  928
+ 279,3145,  51,1544,2604, 423,1578,2131,2067, 173,4542,1880,5083,5084,1583, 264, #  944
+ 610,3696,4543,2444, 280, 154,5085,5086,5087,1739, 338,1282,3096, 693,2871,1411, #  960
+1074,3826,2445,5088,4544,5089,5090,1240, 952,2399,5091,2914,1538,2688, 685,1483, #  976
+4227,2475,1436, 953,4228,2055,4545, 671,2400,  79,4229,2446,3285, 608, 567,2689, #  992
+3469,4230,4231,1691, 393,1261,1792,2401,5092,4546,5093,5094,5095,5096,1383,1672, # 1008
+3827,3213,1464, 522,1119, 661,1150, 216, 675,4547,3991,1432,3574, 609,4548,2690, # 1024
+2402,5097,5098,5099,4232,3045,   0,5100,2476, 315, 231,2447, 301,3356,4549,2385, # 1040
+5101, 233,4233,3697,1819,4550,4551,5102,  96,1777,1315,2083,5103, 257,5104,1810, # 1056
+3698,2718,1139,1820,4234,2022,1124,2164,2791,1778,2659,5105,3097, 363,1655,3214, # 1072
+5106,2993,5107,5108,5109,3992,1567,3993, 718, 103,3215, 849,1443, 341,3357,2949, # 1088
+1484,5110,1712, 127,  67, 339,4235,2403, 679,1412, 821,5111,5112, 834, 738, 351, # 1104
+2994,2147, 846, 235,1497,1881, 418,1993,3828,2719, 186,1100,2148,2756,3575,1545, # 1120
+1355,2950,2872,1377, 583,3994,4236,2581,2995,5113,1298,3699,1078,2557,3700,2363, # 1136
+  78,3829,3830, 267,1289,2100,2002,1594,4237, 348, 369,1274,2197,2178,1838,4552, # 1152
+1821,2830,3701,2757,2288,2003,4553,2951,2758, 144,3358, 882,4554,3995,2759,3470, # 1168
+4555,2915,5114,4238,1726, 320,5115,3996,3046, 788,2996,5116,2831,1774,1327,2873, # 1184
+3997,2832,5117,1306,4556,2004,1700,3831,3576,2364,2660, 787,2023, 506, 824,3702, # 1200
+ 534, 323,4557,1044,3359,2024,1901, 946,3471,5118,1779,1500,1678,5119,1882,4558, # 1216
+ 165, 243,4559,3703,2528, 123, 683,4239, 764,4560,  36,3998,1793, 589,2916, 816, # 1232
+ 626,1667,3047,2237,1639,1555,1622,3832,3999,5120,4000,2874,1370,1228,1933, 891, # 1248
+2084,2917, 304,4240,5121, 292,2997,2720,3577, 691,2101,4241,1115,4561, 118, 662, # 1264
+5122, 611,1156, 854,2386,1316,2875,   2, 386, 515,2918,5123,5124,3286, 868,2238, # 1280
+1486, 855,2661, 785,2216,3048,5125,1040,3216,3578,5126,3146, 448,5127,1525,5128, # 1296
+2165,4562,5129,3833,5130,4242,2833,3579,3147, 503, 818,4001,3148,1568, 814, 676, # 1312
+1444, 306,1749,5131,3834,1416,1030, 197,1428, 805,2834,1501,4563,5132,5133,5134, # 1328
+1994,5135,4564,5136,5137,2198,  13,2792,3704,2998,3149,1229,1917,5138,3835,2132, # 1344
+5139,4243,4565,2404,3580,5140,2217,1511,1727,1120,5141,5142, 646,3836,2448, 307, # 1360
+5143,5144,1595,3217,5145,5146,5147,3705,1113,1356,4002,1465,2529,2530,5148, 519, # 1376
+5149, 128,2133,  92,2289,1980,5150,4003,1512, 342,3150,2199,5151,2793,2218,1981, # 1392
+3360,4244, 290,1656,1317, 789, 827,2365,5152,3837,4566, 562, 581,4004,5153, 401, # 1408
+4567,2252,  94,4568,5154,1399,2794,5155,1463,2025,4569,3218,1944,5156, 828,1105, # 1424
+4245,1262,1394,5157,4246, 605,4570,5158,1784,2876,5159,2835, 819,2102, 578,2200, # 1440
+2952,5160,1502, 436,3287,4247,3288,2836,4005,2919,3472,3473,5161,2721,2320,5162, # 1456
+5163,2337,2068,  23,4571, 193, 826,3838,2103, 699,1630,4248,3098, 390,1794,1064, # 1472
+3581,5164,1579,3099,3100,1400,5165,4249,1839,1640,2877,5166,4572,4573, 137,4250, # 1488
+ 598,3101,1967, 780, 104, 974,2953,5167, 278, 899, 253, 402, 572, 504, 493,1339, # 1504
+5168,4006,1275,4574,2582,2558,5169,3706,3049,3102,2253, 565,1334,2722, 863,  41, # 1520
+5170,5171,4575,5172,1657,2338,  19, 463,2760,4251, 606,5173,2999,3289,1087,2085, # 1536
+1323,2662,3000,5174,1631,1623,1750,4252,2691,5175,2878, 791,2723,2663,2339, 232, # 1552
+2421,5176,3001,1498,5177,2664,2630, 755,1366,3707,3290,3151,2026,1609, 119,1918, # 1568
+3474, 862,1026,4253,5178,4007,3839,4576,4008,4577,2265,1952,2477,5179,1125, 817, # 1584
+4254,4255,4009,1513,1766,2041,1487,4256,3050,3291,2837,3840,3152,5180,5181,1507, # 1600
+5182,2692, 733,  40,1632,1106,2879, 345,4257, 841,2531, 230,4578,3002,1847,3292, # 1616
+3475,5183,1263, 986,3476,5184, 735, 879, 254,1137, 857, 622,1300,1180,1388,1562, # 1632
+4010,4011,2954, 967,2761,2665,1349, 592,2134,1692,3361,3003,1995,4258,1679,4012, # 1648
+1902,2188,5185, 739,3708,2724,1296,1290,5186,4259,2201,2202,1922,1563,2605,2559, # 1664
+1871,2762,3004,5187, 435,5188, 343,1108, 596,  17,1751,4579,2239,3477,3709,5189, # 1680
+4580, 294,3582,2955,1693, 477, 979, 281,2042,3583, 643,2043,3710,2631,2795,2266, # 1696
+1031,2340,2135,2303,3584,4581, 367,1249,2560,5190,3585,5191,4582,1283,3362,2005, # 1712
+ 240,1762,3363,4583,4584, 836,1069,3153, 474,5192,2149,2532, 268,3586,5193,3219, # 1728
+1521,1284,5194,1658,1546,4260,5195,3587,3588,5196,4261,3364,2693,1685,4262, 961, # 1744
+1673,2632, 190,2006,2203,3841,4585,4586,5197, 570,2504,3711,1490,5198,4587,2633, # 1760
+3293,1957,4588, 584,1514, 396,1045,1945,5199,4589,1968,2449,5200,5201,4590,4013, # 1776
+ 619,5202,3154,3294, 215,2007,2796,2561,3220,4591,3221,4592, 763,4263,3842,4593, # 1792
+5203,5204,1958,1767,2956,3365,3712,1174, 452,1477,4594,3366,3155,5205,2838,1253, # 1808
+2387,2189,1091,2290,4264, 492,5206, 638,1169,1825,2136,1752,4014, 648, 926,1021, # 1824
+1324,4595, 520,4596, 997, 847,1007, 892,4597,3843,2267,1872,3713,2405,1785,4598, # 1840
+1953,2957,3103,3222,1728,4265,2044,3714,4599,2008,1701,3156,1551,  30,2268,4266, # 1856
+5207,2027,4600,3589,5208, 501,5209,4267, 594,3478,2166,1822,3590,3479,3591,3223, # 1872
+ 829,2839,4268,5210,1680,3157,1225,4269,5211,3295,4601,4270,3158,2341,5212,4602, # 1888
+4271,5213,4015,4016,5214,1848,2388,2606,3367,5215,4603, 374,4017, 652,4272,4273, # 1904
+ 375,1140, 798,5216,5217,5218,2366,4604,2269, 546,1659, 138,3051,2450,4605,5219, # 1920
+2254, 612,1849, 910, 796,3844,1740,1371, 825,3845,3846,5220,2920,2562,5221, 692, # 1936
+ 444,3052,2634, 801,4606,4274,5222,1491, 244,1053,3053,4275,4276, 340,5223,4018, # 1952
+1041,3005, 293,1168,  87,1357,5224,1539, 959,5225,2240, 721, 694,4277,3847, 219, # 1968
+1478, 644,1417,3368,2666,1413,1401,1335,1389,4019,5226,5227,3006,2367,3159,1826, # 1984
+ 730,1515, 184,2840,  66,4607,5228,1660,2958, 246,3369, 378,1457, 226,3480, 975, # 2000
+4020,2959,1264,3592, 674, 696,5229, 163,5230,1141,2422,2167, 713,3593,3370,4608, # 2016
+4021,5231,5232,1186,  15,5233,1079,1070,5234,1522,3224,3594, 276,1050,2725, 758, # 2032
+1126, 653,2960,3296,5235,2342, 889,3595,4022,3104,3007, 903,1250,4609,4023,3481, # 2048
+3596,1342,1681,1718, 766,3297, 286,  89,2961,3715,5236,1713,5237,2607,3371,3008, # 2064
+5238,2962,2219,3225,2880,5239,4610,2505,2533, 181, 387,1075,4024, 731,2190,3372, # 2080
+5240,3298, 310, 313,3482,2304, 770,4278,  54,3054, 189,4611,3105,3848,4025,5241, # 2096
+1230,1617,1850, 355,3597,4279,4612,3373, 111,4280,3716,1350,3160,3483,3055,4281, # 2112
+2150,3299,3598,5242,2797,4026,4027,3009, 722,2009,5243,1071, 247,1207,2343,2478, # 2128
+1378,4613,2010, 864,1437,1214,4614, 373,3849,1142,2220, 667,4615, 442,2763,2563, # 2144
+3850,4028,1969,4282,3300,1840, 837, 170,1107, 934,1336,1883,5244,5245,2119,4283, # 2160
+2841, 743,1569,5246,4616,4284, 582,2389,1418,3484,5247,1803,5248, 357,1395,1729, # 2176
+3717,3301,2423,1564,2241,5249,3106,3851,1633,4617,1114,2086,4285,1532,5250, 482, # 2192
+2451,4618,5251,5252,1492, 833,1466,5253,2726,3599,1641,2842,5254,1526,1272,3718, # 2208
+4286,1686,1795, 416,2564,1903,1954,1804,5255,3852,2798,3853,1159,2321,5256,2881, # 2224
+4619,1610,1584,3056,2424,2764, 443,3302,1163,3161,5257,5258,4029,5259,4287,2506, # 2240
+3057,4620,4030,3162,2104,1647,3600,2011,1873,4288,5260,4289, 431,3485,5261, 250, # 2256
+  97,  81,4290,5262,1648,1851,1558, 160, 848,5263, 866, 740,1694,5264,2204,2843, # 2272
+3226,4291,4621,3719,1687, 950,2479, 426, 469,3227,3720,3721,4031,5265,5266,1188, # 2288
+ 424,1996, 861,3601,4292,3854,2205,2694, 168,1235,3602,4293,5267,2087,1674,4622, # 2304
+3374,3303, 220,2565,1009,5268,3855, 670,3010, 332,1208, 717,5269,5270,3603,2452, # 2320
+4032,3375,5271, 513,5272,1209,2882,3376,3163,4623,1080,5273,5274,5275,5276,2534, # 2336
+3722,3604, 815,1587,4033,4034,5277,3605,3486,3856,1254,4624,1328,3058,1390,4035, # 2352
+1741,4036,3857,4037,5278, 236,3858,2453,3304,5279,5280,3723,3859,1273,3860,4625, # 2368
+5281, 308,5282,4626, 245,4627,1852,2480,1307,2583, 430, 715,2137,2454,5283, 270, # 2384
+ 199,2883,4038,5284,3606,2727,1753, 761,1754, 725,1661,1841,4628,3487,3724,5285, # 2400
+5286, 587,  14,3305, 227,2608, 326, 480,2270, 943,2765,3607, 291, 650,1884,5287, # 2416
+1702,1226, 102,1547,  62,3488, 904,4629,3489,1164,4294,5288,5289,1224,1548,2766, # 2432
+ 391, 498,1493,5290,1386,1419,5291,2056,1177,4630, 813, 880,1081,2368, 566,1145, # 2448
+4631,2291,1001,1035,2566,2609,2242, 394,1286,5292,5293,2069,5294,  86,1494,1730, # 2464
+4039, 491,1588, 745, 897,2963, 843,3377,4040,2767,2884,3306,1768, 998,2221,2070, # 2480
+ 397,1827,1195,1970,3725,3011,3378, 284,5295,3861,2507,2138,2120,1904,5296,4041, # 2496
+2151,4042,4295,1036,3490,1905, 114,2567,4296, 209,1527,5297,5298,2964,2844,2635, # 2512
+2390,2728,3164, 812,2568,5299,3307,5300,1559, 737,1885,3726,1210, 885,  28,2695, # 2528
+3608,3862,5301,4297,1004,1780,4632,5302, 346,1982,2222,2696,4633,3863,1742, 797, # 2544
+1642,4043,1934,1072,1384,2152, 896,4044,3308,3727,3228,2885,3609,5303,2569,1959, # 2560
+4634,2455,1786,5304,5305,5306,4045,4298,1005,1308,3728,4299,2729,4635,4636,1528, # 2576
+2610, 161,1178,4300,1983, 987,4637,1101,4301, 631,4046,1157,3229,2425,1343,1241, # 2592
+1016,2243,2570, 372, 877,2344,2508,1160, 555,1935, 911,4047,5307, 466,1170, 169, # 2608
+1051,2921,2697,3729,2481,3012,1182,2012,2571,1251,2636,5308, 992,2345,3491,1540, # 2624
+2730,1201,2071,2406,1997,2482,5309,4638, 528,1923,2191,1503,1874,1570,2369,3379, # 2640
+3309,5310, 557,1073,5311,1828,3492,2088,2271,3165,3059,3107, 767,3108,2799,4639, # 2656
+1006,4302,4640,2346,1267,2179,3730,3230, 778,4048,3231,2731,1597,2667,5312,4641, # 2672
+5313,3493,5314,5315,5316,3310,2698,1433,3311, 131,  95,1504,4049, 723,4303,3166, # 2688
+1842,3610,2768,2192,4050,2028,2105,3731,5317,3013,4051,1218,5318,3380,3232,4052, # 2704
+4304,2584, 248,1634,3864, 912,5319,2845,3732,3060,3865, 654,  53,5320,3014,5321, # 2720
+1688,4642, 777,3494,1032,4053,1425,5322, 191, 820,2121,2846, 971,4643, 931,3233, # 2736
+ 135, 664, 783,3866,1998, 772,2922,1936,4054,3867,4644,2923,3234, 282,2732, 640, # 2752
+1372,3495,1127, 922, 325,3381,5323,5324, 711,2045,5325,5326,4055,2223,2800,1937, # 2768
+4056,3382,2224,2255,3868,2305,5327,4645,3869,1258,3312,4057,3235,2139,2965,4058, # 2784
+4059,5328,2225, 258,3236,4646, 101,1227,5329,3313,1755,5330,1391,3314,5331,2924, # 2800
+2057, 893,5332,5333,5334,1402,4305,2347,5335,5336,3237,3611,5337,5338, 878,1325, # 2816
+1781,2801,4647, 259,1385,2585, 744,1183,2272,4648,5339,4060,2509,5340, 684,1024, # 2832
+4306,5341, 472,3612,3496,1165,3315,4061,4062, 322,2153, 881, 455,1695,1152,1340, # 2848
+ 660, 554,2154,4649,1058,4650,4307, 830,1065,3383,4063,4651,1924,5342,1703,1919, # 2864
+5343, 932,2273, 122,5344,4652, 947, 677,5345,3870,2637, 297,1906,1925,2274,4653, # 2880
+2322,3316,5346,5347,4308,5348,4309,  84,4310, 112, 989,5349, 547,1059,4064, 701, # 2896
+3613,1019,5350,4311,5351,3497, 942, 639, 457,2306,2456, 993,2966, 407, 851, 494, # 2912
+4654,3384, 927,5352,1237,5353,2426,3385, 573,4312, 680, 921,2925,1279,1875, 285, # 2928
+ 790,1448,1984, 719,2168,5354,5355,4655,4065,4066,1649,5356,1541, 563,5357,1077, # 2944
+5358,3386,3061,3498, 511,3015,4067,4068,3733,4069,1268,2572,3387,3238,4656,4657, # 2960
+5359, 535,1048,1276,1189,2926,2029,3167,1438,1373,2847,2967,1134,2013,5360,4313, # 2976
+1238,2586,3109,1259,5361, 700,5362,2968,3168,3734,4314,5363,4315,1146,1876,1907, # 2992
+4658,2611,4070, 781,2427, 132,1589, 203, 147, 273,2802,2407, 898,1787,2155,4071, # 3008
+4072,5364,3871,2803,5365,5366,4659,4660,5367,3239,5368,1635,3872, 965,5369,1805, # 3024
+2699,1516,3614,1121,1082,1329,3317,4073,1449,3873,  65,1128,2848,2927,2769,1590, # 3040
+3874,5370,5371,  12,2668,  45, 976,2587,3169,4661, 517,2535,1013,1037,3240,5372, # 3056
+3875,2849,5373,3876,5374,3499,5375,2612, 614,1999,2323,3877,3110,2733,2638,5376, # 3072
+2588,4316, 599,1269,5377,1811,3735,5378,2700,3111, 759,1060, 489,1806,3388,3318, # 3088
+1358,5379,5380,2391,1387,1215,2639,2256, 490,5381,5382,4317,1759,2392,2348,5383, # 3104
+4662,3878,1908,4074,2640,1807,3241,4663,3500,3319,2770,2349, 874,5384,5385,3501, # 3120
+3736,1859,  91,2928,3737,3062,3879,4664,5386,3170,4075,2669,5387,3502,1202,1403, # 3136
+3880,2969,2536,1517,2510,4665,3503,2511,5388,4666,5389,2701,1886,1495,1731,4076, # 3152
+2370,4667,5390,2030,5391,5392,4077,2702,1216, 237,2589,4318,2324,4078,3881,4668, # 3168
+4669,2703,3615,3504, 445,4670,5393,5394,5395,5396,2771,  61,4079,3738,1823,4080, # 3184
+5397, 687,2046, 935, 925, 405,2670, 703,1096,1860,2734,4671,4081,1877,1367,2704, # 3200
+3389, 918,2106,1782,2483, 334,3320,1611,1093,4672, 564,3171,3505,3739,3390, 945, # 3216
+2641,2058,4673,5398,1926, 872,4319,5399,3506,2705,3112, 349,4320,3740,4082,4674, # 3232
+3882,4321,3741,2156,4083,4675,4676,4322,4677,2408,2047, 782,4084, 400, 251,4323, # 3248
+1624,5400,5401, 277,3742, 299,1265, 476,1191,3883,2122,4324,4325,1109, 205,5402, # 3264
+2590,1000,2157,3616,1861,5403,5404,5405,4678,5406,4679,2573, 107,2484,2158,4085, # 3280
+3507,3172,5407,1533, 541,1301, 158, 753,4326,2886,3617,5408,1696, 370,1088,4327, # 3296
+4680,3618, 579, 327, 440, 162,2244, 269,1938,1374,3508, 968,3063,  56,1396,3113, # 3312
+2107,3321,3391,5409,1927,2159,4681,3016,5410,3619,5411,5412,3743,4682,2485,5413, # 3328
+2804,5414,1650,4683,5415,2613,5416,5417,4086,2671,3392,1149,3393,4087,3884,4088, # 3344
+5418,1076,  49,5419, 951,3242,3322,3323, 450,2850, 920,5420,1812,2805,2371,4328, # 3360
+1909,1138,2372,3885,3509,5421,3243,4684,1910,1147,1518,2428,4685,3886,5422,4686, # 3376
+2393,2614, 260,1796,3244,5423,5424,3887,3324, 708,5425,3620,1704,5426,3621,1351, # 3392
+1618,3394,3017,1887, 944,4329,3395,4330,3064,3396,4331,5427,3744, 422, 413,1714, # 3408
+3325, 500,2059,2350,4332,2486,5428,1344,1911, 954,5429,1668,5430,5431,4089,2409, # 3424
+4333,3622,3888,4334,5432,2307,1318,2512,3114, 133,3115,2887,4687, 629,  31,2851, # 3440
+2706,3889,4688, 850, 949,4689,4090,2970,1732,2089,4335,1496,1853,5433,4091, 620, # 3456
+3245, 981,1242,3745,3397,1619,3746,1643,3326,2140,2457,1971,1719,3510,2169,5434, # 3472
+3246,5435,5436,3398,1829,5437,1277,4690,1565,2048,5438,1636,3623,3116,5439, 869, # 3488
+2852, 655,3890,3891,3117,4092,3018,3892,1310,3624,4691,5440,5441,5442,1733, 558, # 3504
+4692,3747, 335,1549,3065,1756,4336,3748,1946,3511,1830,1291,1192, 470,2735,2108, # 3520
+2806, 913,1054,4093,5443,1027,5444,3066,4094,4693, 982,2672,3399,3173,3512,3247, # 3536
+3248,1947,2807,5445, 571,4694,5446,1831,5447,3625,2591,1523,2429,5448,2090, 984, # 3552
+4695,3749,1960,5449,3750, 852, 923,2808,3513,3751, 969,1519, 999,2049,2325,1705, # 3568
+5450,3118, 615,1662, 151, 597,4095,2410,2326,1049, 275,4696,3752,4337, 568,3753, # 3584
+3626,2487,4338,3754,5451,2430,2275, 409,3249,5452,1566,2888,3514,1002, 769,2853, # 3600
+ 194,2091,3174,3755,2226,3327,4339, 628,1505,5453,5454,1763,2180,3019,4096, 521, # 3616
+1161,2592,1788,2206,2411,4697,4097,1625,4340,4341, 412,  42,3119, 464,5455,2642, # 3632
+4698,3400,1760,1571,2889,3515,2537,1219,2207,3893,2643,2141,2373,4699,4700,3328, # 3648
+1651,3401,3627,5456,5457,3628,2488,3516,5458,3756,5459,5460,2276,2092, 460,5461, # 3664
+4701,5462,3020, 962, 588,3629, 289,3250,2644,1116,  52,5463,3067,1797,5464,5465, # 3680
+5466,1467,5467,1598,1143,3757,4342,1985,1734,1067,4702,1280,3402, 465,4703,1572, # 3696
+ 510,5468,1928,2245,1813,1644,3630,5469,4704,3758,5470,5471,2673,1573,1534,5472, # 3712
+5473, 536,1808,1761,3517,3894,3175,2645,5474,5475,5476,4705,3518,2929,1912,2809, # 3728
+5477,3329,1122, 377,3251,5478, 360,5479,5480,4343,1529, 551,5481,2060,3759,1769, # 3744
+2431,5482,2930,4344,3330,3120,2327,2109,2031,4706,1404, 136,1468,1479, 672,1171, # 3760
+3252,2308, 271,3176,5483,2772,5484,2050, 678,2736, 865,1948,4707,5485,2014,4098, # 3776
+2971,5486,2737,2227,1397,3068,3760,4708,4709,1735,2931,3403,3631,5487,3895, 509, # 3792
+2854,2458,2890,3896,5488,5489,3177,3178,4710,4345,2538,4711,2309,1166,1010, 552, # 3808
+ 681,1888,5490,5491,2972,2973,4099,1287,1596,1862,3179, 358, 453, 736, 175, 478, # 3824
+1117, 905,1167,1097,5492,1854,1530,5493,1706,5494,2181,3519,2292,3761,3520,3632, # 3840
+4346,2093,4347,5495,3404,1193,2489,4348,1458,2193,2208,1863,1889,1421,3331,2932, # 3856
+3069,2182,3521, 595,2123,5496,4100,5497,5498,4349,1707,2646, 223,3762,1359, 751, # 3872
+3121, 183,3522,5499,2810,3021, 419,2374, 633, 704,3897,2394, 241,5500,5501,5502, # 3888
+ 838,3022,3763,2277,2773,2459,3898,1939,2051,4101,1309,3122,2246,1181,5503,1136, # 3904
+2209,3899,2375,1446,4350,2310,4712,5504,5505,4351,1055,2615, 484,3764,5506,4102, # 3920
+ 625,4352,2278,3405,1499,4353,4103,5507,4104,4354,3253,2279,2280,3523,5508,5509, # 3936
+2774, 808,2616,3765,3406,4105,4355,3123,2539, 526,3407,3900,4356, 955,5510,1620, # 3952
+4357,2647,2432,5511,1429,3766,1669,1832, 994, 928,5512,3633,1260,5513,5514,5515, # 3968
+1949,2293, 741,2933,1626,4358,2738,2460, 867,1184, 362,3408,1392,5516,5517,4106, # 3984
+4359,1770,1736,3254,2934,4713,4714,1929,2707,1459,1158,5518,3070,3409,2891,1292, # 4000
+1930,2513,2855,3767,1986,1187,2072,2015,2617,4360,5519,2574,2514,2170,3768,2490, # 4016
+3332,5520,3769,4715,5521,5522, 666,1003,3023,1022,3634,4361,5523,4716,1814,2257, # 4032
+ 574,3901,1603, 295,1535, 705,3902,4362, 283, 858, 417,5524,5525,3255,4717,4718, # 4048
+3071,1220,1890,1046,2281,2461,4107,1393,1599, 689,2575, 388,4363,5526,2491, 802, # 4064
+5527,2811,3903,2061,1405,2258,5528,4719,3904,2110,1052,1345,3256,1585,5529, 809, # 4080
+5530,5531,5532, 575,2739,3524, 956,1552,1469,1144,2328,5533,2329,1560,2462,3635, # 4096
+3257,4108, 616,2210,4364,3180,2183,2294,5534,1833,5535,3525,4720,5536,1319,3770, # 4112
+3771,1211,3636,1023,3258,1293,2812,5537,5538,5539,3905, 607,2311,3906, 762,2892, # 4128
+1439,4365,1360,4721,1485,3072,5540,4722,1038,4366,1450,2062,2648,4367,1379,4723, # 4144
+2593,5541,5542,4368,1352,1414,2330,2935,1172,5543,5544,3907,3908,4724,1798,1451, # 4160
+5545,5546,5547,5548,2936,4109,4110,2492,2351, 411,4111,4112,3637,3333,3124,4725, # 4176
+1561,2674,1452,4113,1375,5549,5550,  47,2974, 316,5551,1406,1591,2937,3181,5552, # 4192
+1025,2142,3125,3182, 354,2740, 884,2228,4369,2412, 508,3772, 726,3638, 996,2433, # 4208
+3639, 729,5553, 392,2194,1453,4114,4726,3773,5554,5555,2463,3640,2618,1675,2813, # 4224
+ 919,2352,2975,2353,1270,4727,4115,  73,5556,5557, 647,5558,3259,2856,2259,1550, # 4240
+1346,3024,5559,1332, 883,3526,5560,5561,5562,5563,3334,2775,5564,1212, 831,1347, # 4256
+4370,4728,2331,3909,1864,3073, 720,3910,4729,4730,3911,5565,4371,5566,5567,4731, # 4272
+5568,5569,1799,4732,3774,2619,4733,3641,1645,2376,4734,5570,2938, 669,2211,2675, # 4288
+2434,5571,2893,5572,5573,1028,3260,5574,4372,2413,5575,2260,1353,5576,5577,4735, # 4304
+3183, 518,5578,4116,5579,4373,1961,5580,2143,4374,5581,5582,3025,2354,2355,3912, # 4320
+ 516,1834,1454,4117,2708,4375,4736,2229,2620,1972,1129,3642,5583,2776,5584,2976, # 4336
+1422, 577,1470,3026,1524,3410,5585,5586, 432,4376,3074,3527,5587,2594,1455,2515, # 4352
+2230,1973,1175,5588,1020,2741,4118,3528,4737,5589,2742,5590,1743,1361,3075,3529, # 4368
+2649,4119,4377,4738,2295, 895, 924,4378,2171, 331,2247,3076, 166,1627,3077,1098, # 4384
+5591,1232,2894,2231,3411,4739, 657, 403,1196,2377, 542,3775,3412,1600,4379,3530, # 4400
+5592,4740,2777,3261, 576, 530,1362,4741,4742,2540,2676,3776,4120,5593, 842,3913, # 4416
+5594,2814,2032,1014,4121, 213,2709,3413, 665, 621,4380,5595,3777,2939,2435,5596, # 4432
+2436,3335,3643,3414,4743,4381,2541,4382,4744,3644,1682,4383,3531,1380,5597, 724, # 4448
+2282, 600,1670,5598,1337,1233,4745,3126,2248,5599,1621,4746,5600, 651,4384,5601, # 4464
+1612,4385,2621,5602,2857,5603,2743,2312,3078,5604, 716,2464,3079, 174,1255,2710, # 4480
+4122,3645, 548,1320,1398, 728,4123,1574,5605,1891,1197,3080,4124,5606,3081,3082, # 4496
+3778,3646,3779, 747,5607, 635,4386,4747,5608,5609,5610,4387,5611,5612,4748,5613, # 4512
+3415,4749,2437, 451,5614,3780,2542,2073,4388,2744,4389,4125,5615,1764,4750,5616, # 4528
+4390, 350,4751,2283,2395,2493,5617,4391,4126,2249,1434,4127, 488,4752, 458,4392, # 4544
+4128,3781, 771,1330,2396,3914,2576,3184,2160,2414,1553,2677,3185,4393,5618,2494, # 4560
+2895,2622,1720,2711,4394,3416,4753,5619,2543,4395,5620,3262,4396,2778,5621,2016, # 4576
+2745,5622,1155,1017,3782,3915,5623,3336,2313, 201,1865,4397,1430,5624,4129,5625, # 4592
+5626,5627,5628,5629,4398,1604,5630, 414,1866, 371,2595,4754,4755,3532,2017,3127, # 4608
+4756,1708, 960,4399, 887, 389,2172,1536,1663,1721,5631,2232,4130,2356,2940,1580, # 4624
+5632,5633,1744,4757,2544,4758,4759,5634,4760,5635,2074,5636,4761,3647,3417,2896, # 4640
+4400,5637,4401,2650,3418,2815, 673,2712,2465, 709,3533,4131,3648,4402,5638,1148, # 4656
+ 502, 634,5639,5640,1204,4762,3649,1575,4763,2623,3783,5641,3784,3128, 948,3263, # 4672
+ 121,1745,3916,1110,5642,4403,3083,2516,3027,4132,3785,1151,1771,3917,1488,4133, # 4688
+1987,5643,2438,3534,5644,5645,2094,5646,4404,3918,1213,1407,2816, 531,2746,2545, # 4704
+3264,1011,1537,4764,2779,4405,3129,1061,5647,3786,3787,1867,2897,5648,2018, 120, # 4720
+4406,4407,2063,3650,3265,2314,3919,2678,3419,1955,4765,4134,5649,3535,1047,2713, # 4736
+1266,5650,1368,4766,2858, 649,3420,3920,2546,2747,1102,2859,2679,5651,5652,2000, # 4752
+5653,1111,3651,2977,5654,2495,3921,3652,2817,1855,3421,3788,5655,5656,3422,2415, # 4768
+2898,3337,3266,3653,5657,2577,5658,3654,2818,4135,1460, 856,5659,3655,5660,2899, # 4784
+2978,5661,2900,3922,5662,4408, 632,2517, 875,3923,1697,3924,2296,5663,5664,4767, # 4800
+3028,1239, 580,4768,4409,5665, 914, 936,2075,1190,4136,1039,2124,5666,5667,5668, # 4816
+5669,3423,1473,5670,1354,4410,3925,4769,2173,3084,4137, 915,3338,4411,4412,3339, # 4832
+1605,1835,5671,2748, 398,3656,4413,3926,4138, 328,1913,2860,4139,3927,1331,4414, # 4848
+3029, 937,4415,5672,3657,4140,4141,3424,2161,4770,3425, 524, 742, 538,3085,1012, # 4864
+5673,5674,3928,2466,5675, 658,1103, 225,3929,5676,5677,4771,5678,4772,5679,3267, # 4880
+1243,5680,4142, 963,2250,4773,5681,2714,3658,3186,5682,5683,2596,2332,5684,4774, # 4896
+5685,5686,5687,3536, 957,3426,2547,2033,1931,2941,2467, 870,2019,3659,1746,2780, # 4912
+2781,2439,2468,5688,3930,5689,3789,3130,3790,3537,3427,3791,5690,1179,3086,5691, # 4928
+3187,2378,4416,3792,2548,3188,3131,2749,4143,5692,3428,1556,2549,2297, 977,2901, # 4944
+2034,4144,1205,3429,5693,1765,3430,3189,2125,1271, 714,1689,4775,3538,5694,2333, # 4960
+3931, 533,4417,3660,2184, 617,5695,2469,3340,3539,2315,5696,5697,3190,5698,5699, # 4976
+3932,1988, 618, 427,2651,3540,3431,5700,5701,1244,1690,5702,2819,4418,4776,5703, # 4992
+3541,4777,5704,2284,1576, 473,3661,4419,3432, 972,5705,3662,5706,3087,5707,5708, # 5008
+4778,4779,5709,3793,4145,4146,5710, 153,4780, 356,5711,1892,2902,4420,2144, 408, # 5024
+ 803,2357,5712,3933,5713,4421,1646,2578,2518,4781,4782,3934,5714,3935,4422,5715, # 5040
+2416,3433, 752,5716,5717,1962,3341,2979,5718, 746,3030,2470,4783,4423,3794, 698, # 5056
+4784,1893,4424,3663,2550,4785,3664,3936,5719,3191,3434,5720,1824,1302,4147,2715, # 5072
+3937,1974,4425,5721,4426,3192, 823,1303,1288,1236,2861,3542,4148,3435, 774,3938, # 5088
+5722,1581,4786,1304,2862,3939,4787,5723,2440,2162,1083,3268,4427,4149,4428, 344, # 5104
+1173, 288,2316, 454,1683,5724,5725,1461,4788,4150,2597,5726,5727,4789, 985, 894, # 5120
+5728,3436,3193,5729,1914,2942,3795,1989,5730,2111,1975,5731,4151,5732,2579,1194, # 5136
+ 425,5733,4790,3194,1245,3796,4429,5734,5735,2863,5736, 636,4791,1856,3940, 760, # 5152
+1800,5737,4430,2212,1508,4792,4152,1894,1684,2298,5738,5739,4793,4431,4432,2213, # 5168
+ 479,5740,5741, 832,5742,4153,2496,5743,2980,2497,3797, 990,3132, 627,1815,2652, # 5184
+4433,1582,4434,2126,2112,3543,4794,5744, 799,4435,3195,5745,4795,2113,1737,3031, # 5200
+1018, 543, 754,4436,3342,1676,4796,4797,4154,4798,1489,5746,3544,5747,2624,2903, # 5216
+4155,5748,5749,2981,5750,5751,5752,5753,3196,4799,4800,2185,1722,5754,3269,3270, # 5232
+1843,3665,1715, 481, 365,1976,1857,5755,5756,1963,2498,4801,5757,2127,3666,3271, # 5248
+ 433,1895,2064,2076,5758, 602,2750,5759,5760,5761,5762,5763,3032,1628,3437,5764, # 5264
+3197,4802,4156,2904,4803,2519,5765,2551,2782,5766,5767,5768,3343,4804,2905,5769, # 5280
+4805,5770,2864,4806,4807,1221,2982,4157,2520,5771,5772,5773,1868,1990,5774,5775, # 5296
+5776,1896,5777,5778,4808,1897,4158, 318,5779,2095,4159,4437,5780,5781, 485,5782, # 5312
+ 938,3941, 553,2680, 116,5783,3942,3667,5784,3545,2681,2783,3438,3344,2820,5785, # 5328
+3668,2943,4160,1747,2944,2983,5786,5787, 207,5788,4809,5789,4810,2521,5790,3033, # 5344
+ 890,3669,3943,5791,1878,3798,3439,5792,2186,2358,3440,1652,5793,5794,5795, 941, # 5360
+2299, 208,3546,4161,2020, 330,4438,3944,2906,2499,3799,4439,4811,5796,5797,5798, # 5376
+)
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/big5prober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/big5prober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98f9970
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/big5prober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .mbcharsetprober import MultiByteCharSetProber
+from .codingstatemachine import CodingStateMachine
+from .chardistribution import Big5DistributionAnalysis
+from .mbcssm import BIG5_SM_MODEL
+
+
+class Big5Prober(MultiByteCharSetProber):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(Big5Prober, self).__init__()
+        self.coding_sm = CodingStateMachine(BIG5_SM_MODEL)
+        self.distribution_analyzer = Big5DistributionAnalysis()
+        self.reset()
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return "Big5"
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return "Chinese"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/chardistribution.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/chardistribution.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0395f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/chardistribution.py
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .euctwfreq import (EUCTW_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER, EUCTW_TABLE_SIZE,
+                        EUCTW_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO)
+from .euckrfreq import (EUCKR_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER, EUCKR_TABLE_SIZE,
+                        EUCKR_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO)
+from .gb2312freq import (GB2312_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER, GB2312_TABLE_SIZE,
+                         GB2312_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO)
+from .big5freq import (BIG5_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER, BIG5_TABLE_SIZE,
+                       BIG5_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO)
+from .jisfreq import (JIS_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER, JIS_TABLE_SIZE,
+                      JIS_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO)
+
+
+class CharDistributionAnalysis(object):
+    ENOUGH_DATA_THRESHOLD = 1024
+    SURE_YES = 0.99
+    SURE_NO = 0.01
+    MINIMUM_DATA_THRESHOLD = 3
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # Mapping table to get frequency order from char order (get from
+        # GetOrder())
+        self._char_to_freq_order = None
+        self._table_size = None  # Size of above table
+        # This is a constant value which varies from language to language,
+        # used in calculating confidence.  See
+        # http://www.mozilla.org/projects/intl/UniversalCharsetDetection.html
+        # for further detail.
+        self.typical_distribution_ratio = None
+        self._done = None
+        self._total_chars = None
+        self._freq_chars = None
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """reset analyser, clear any state"""
+        # If this flag is set to True, detection is done and conclusion has
+        # been made
+        self._done = False
+        self._total_chars = 0  # Total characters encountered
+        # The number of characters whose frequency order is less than 512
+        self._freq_chars = 0
+
+    def feed(self, char, char_len):
+        """feed a character with known length"""
+        if char_len == 2:
+            # we only care about 2-bytes character in our distribution analysis
+            order = self.get_order(char)
+        else:
+            order = -1
+        if order >= 0:
+            self._total_chars += 1
+            # order is valid
+            if order < self._table_size:
+                if 512 > self._char_to_freq_order[order]:
+                    self._freq_chars += 1
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        """return confidence based on existing data"""
+        # if we didn't receive any character in our consideration range,
+        # return negative answer
+        if self._total_chars <= 0 or self._freq_chars <= self.MINIMUM_DATA_THRESHOLD:
+            return self.SURE_NO
+
+        if self._total_chars != self._freq_chars:
+            r = (self._freq_chars / ((self._total_chars - self._freq_chars)
+                 * self.typical_distribution_ratio))
+            if r < self.SURE_YES:
+                return r
+
+        # normalize confidence (we don't want to be 100% sure)
+        return self.SURE_YES
+
+    def got_enough_data(self):
+        # It is not necessary to receive all data to draw conclusion.
+        # For charset detection, certain amount of data is enough
+        return self._total_chars > self.ENOUGH_DATA_THRESHOLD
+
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        # We do not handle characters based on the original encoding string,
+        # but convert this encoding string to a number, here called order.
+        # This allows multiple encodings of a language to share one frequency
+        # table.
+        return -1
+
+
+class EUCTWDistributionAnalysis(CharDistributionAnalysis):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(EUCTWDistributionAnalysis, self).__init__()
+        self._char_to_freq_order = EUCTW_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER
+        self._table_size = EUCTW_TABLE_SIZE
+        self.typical_distribution_ratio = EUCTW_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO
+
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        # for euc-TW encoding, we are interested
+        #   first  byte range: 0xc4 -- 0xfe
+        #   second byte range: 0xa1 -- 0xfe
+        # no validation needed here. State machine has done that
+        first_char = byte_str[0]
+        if first_char >= 0xC4:
+            return 94 * (first_char - 0xC4) + byte_str[1] - 0xA1
+        else:
+            return -1
+
+
+class EUCKRDistributionAnalysis(CharDistributionAnalysis):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(EUCKRDistributionAnalysis, self).__init__()
+        self._char_to_freq_order = EUCKR_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER
+        self._table_size = EUCKR_TABLE_SIZE
+        self.typical_distribution_ratio = EUCKR_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO
+
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        # for euc-KR encoding, we are interested
+        #   first  byte range: 0xb0 -- 0xfe
+        #   second byte range: 0xa1 -- 0xfe
+        # no validation needed here. State machine has done that
+        first_char = byte_str[0]
+        if first_char >= 0xB0:
+            return 94 * (first_char - 0xB0) + byte_str[1] - 0xA1
+        else:
+            return -1
+
+
+class GB2312DistributionAnalysis(CharDistributionAnalysis):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(GB2312DistributionAnalysis, self).__init__()
+        self._char_to_freq_order = GB2312_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER
+        self._table_size = GB2312_TABLE_SIZE
+        self.typical_distribution_ratio = GB2312_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO
+
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        # for GB2312 encoding, we are interested
+        #  first  byte range: 0xb0 -- 0xfe
+        #  second byte range: 0xa1 -- 0xfe
+        # no validation needed here. State machine has done that
+        first_char, second_char = byte_str[0], byte_str[1]
+        if (first_char >= 0xB0) and (second_char >= 0xA1):
+            return 94 * (first_char - 0xB0) + second_char - 0xA1
+        else:
+            return -1
+
+
+class Big5DistributionAnalysis(CharDistributionAnalysis):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(Big5DistributionAnalysis, self).__init__()
+        self._char_to_freq_order = BIG5_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER
+        self._table_size = BIG5_TABLE_SIZE
+        self.typical_distribution_ratio = BIG5_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO
+
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        # for big5 encoding, we are interested
+        #   first  byte range: 0xa4 -- 0xfe
+        #   second byte range: 0x40 -- 0x7e , 0xa1 -- 0xfe
+        # no validation needed here. State machine has done that
+        first_char, second_char = byte_str[0], byte_str[1]
+        if first_char >= 0xA4:
+            if second_char >= 0xA1:
+                return 157 * (first_char - 0xA4) + second_char - 0xA1 + 63
+            else:
+                return 157 * (first_char - 0xA4) + second_char - 0x40
+        else:
+            return -1
+
+
+class SJISDistributionAnalysis(CharDistributionAnalysis):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(SJISDistributionAnalysis, self).__init__()
+        self._char_to_freq_order = JIS_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER
+        self._table_size = JIS_TABLE_SIZE
+        self.typical_distribution_ratio = JIS_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO
+
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        # for sjis encoding, we are interested
+        #   first  byte range: 0x81 -- 0x9f , 0xe0 -- 0xfe
+        #   second byte range: 0x40 -- 0x7e,  0x81 -- oxfe
+        # no validation needed here. State machine has done that
+        first_char, second_char = byte_str[0], byte_str[1]
+        if (first_char >= 0x81) and (first_char <= 0x9F):
+            order = 188 * (first_char - 0x81)
+        elif (first_char >= 0xE0) and (first_char <= 0xEF):
+            order = 188 * (first_char - 0xE0 + 31)
+        else:
+            return -1
+        order = order + second_char - 0x40
+        if second_char > 0x7F:
+            order = -1
+        return order
+
+
+class EUCJPDistributionAnalysis(CharDistributionAnalysis):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(EUCJPDistributionAnalysis, self).__init__()
+        self._char_to_freq_order = JIS_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER
+        self._table_size = JIS_TABLE_SIZE
+        self.typical_distribution_ratio = JIS_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO
+
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        # for euc-JP encoding, we are interested
+        #   first  byte range: 0xa0 -- 0xfe
+        #   second byte range: 0xa1 -- 0xfe
+        # no validation needed here. State machine has done that
+        char = byte_str[0]
+        if char >= 0xA0:
+            return 94 * (char - 0xA1) + byte_str[1] - 0xa1
+        else:
+            return -1
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/charsetgroupprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/charsetgroupprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5812cef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/charsetgroupprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .enums import ProbingState
+from .charsetprober import CharSetProber
+
+
+class CharSetGroupProber(CharSetProber):
+    def __init__(self, lang_filter=None):
+        super(CharSetGroupProber, self).__init__(lang_filter=lang_filter)
+        self._active_num = 0
+        self.probers = []
+        self._best_guess_prober = None
+
+    def reset(self):
+        super(CharSetGroupProber, self).reset()
+        self._active_num = 0
+        for prober in self.probers:
+            if prober:
+                prober.reset()
+                prober.active = True
+                self._active_num += 1
+        self._best_guess_prober = None
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        if not self._best_guess_prober:
+            self.get_confidence()
+            if not self._best_guess_prober:
+                return None
+        return self._best_guess_prober.charset_name
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        if not self._best_guess_prober:
+            self.get_confidence()
+            if not self._best_guess_prober:
+                return None
+        return self._best_guess_prober.language
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        for prober in self.probers:
+            if not prober:
+                continue
+            if not prober.active:
+                continue
+            state = prober.feed(byte_str)
+            if not state:
+                continue
+            if state == ProbingState.FOUND_IT:
+                self._best_guess_prober = prober
+                self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+                return self.state
+            elif state == ProbingState.NOT_ME:
+                prober.active = False
+                self._active_num -= 1
+                if self._active_num <= 0:
+                    self._state = ProbingState.NOT_ME
+                    return self.state
+        return self.state
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        state = self.state
+        if state == ProbingState.FOUND_IT:
+            return 0.99
+        elif state == ProbingState.NOT_ME:
+            return 0.01
+        best_conf = 0.0
+        self._best_guess_prober = None
+        for prober in self.probers:
+            if not prober:
+                continue
+            if not prober.active:
+                self.logger.debug('%s not active', prober.charset_name)
+                continue
+            conf = prober.get_confidence()
+            self.logger.debug('%s %s confidence = %s', prober.charset_name, prober.language, conf)
+            if best_conf < conf:
+                best_conf = conf
+                self._best_guess_prober = prober
+        if not self._best_guess_prober:
+            return 0.0
+        return best_conf
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/charsetprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/charsetprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eac4e59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/charsetprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Universal charset detector code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2001
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#   Shy Shalom - original C code
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+import logging
+import re
+
+from .enums import ProbingState
+
+
+class CharSetProber(object):
+
+    SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD = 0.95
+
+    def __init__(self, lang_filter=None):
+        self._state = None
+        self.lang_filter = lang_filter
+        self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self._state = ProbingState.DETECTING
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return None
+
+    def feed(self, buf):
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    def state(self):
+        return self._state
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        return 0.0
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def filter_high_byte_only(buf):
+        buf = re.sub(b'([\x00-\x7F])+', b' ', buf)
+        return buf
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def filter_international_words(buf):
+        """
+        We define three types of bytes:
+        alphabet: english alphabets [a-zA-Z]
+        international: international characters [\x80-\xFF]
+        marker: everything else [^a-zA-Z\x80-\xFF]
+
+        The input buffer can be thought to contain a series of words delimited
+        by markers. This function works to filter all words that contain at
+        least one international character. All contiguous sequences of markers
+        are replaced by a single space ascii character.
+
+        This filter applies to all scripts which do not use English characters.
+        """
+        filtered = bytearray()
+
+        # This regex expression filters out only words that have at-least one
+        # international character. The word may include one marker character at
+        # the end.
+        words = re.findall(b'[a-zA-Z]*[\x80-\xFF]+[a-zA-Z]*[^a-zA-Z\x80-\xFF]?',
+                           buf)
+
+        for word in words:
+            filtered.extend(word[:-1])
+
+            # If the last character in the word is a marker, replace it with a
+            # space as markers shouldn't affect our analysis (they are used
+            # similarly across all languages and may thus have similar
+            # frequencies).
+            last_char = word[-1:]
+            if not last_char.isalpha() and last_char < b'\x80':
+                last_char = b' '
+            filtered.extend(last_char)
+
+        return filtered
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def filter_with_english_letters(buf):
+        """
+        Returns a copy of ``buf`` that retains only the sequences of English
+        alphabet and high byte characters that are not between <> characters.
+        Also retains English alphabet and high byte characters immediately
+        before occurrences of >.
+
+        This filter can be applied to all scripts which contain both English
+        characters and extended ASCII characters, but is currently only used by
+        ``Latin1Prober``.
+        """
+        filtered = bytearray()
+        in_tag = False
+        prev = 0
+
+        for curr in range(len(buf)):
+            # Slice here to get bytes instead of an int with Python 3
+            buf_char = buf[curr:curr + 1]
+            # Check if we're coming out of or entering an HTML tag
+            if buf_char == b'>':
+                in_tag = False
+            elif buf_char == b'<':
+                in_tag = True
+
+            # If current character is not extended-ASCII and not alphabetic...
+            if buf_char < b'\x80' and not buf_char.isalpha():
+                # ...and we're not in a tag
+                if curr > prev and not in_tag:
+                    # Keep everything after last non-extended-ASCII,
+                    # non-alphabetic character
+                    filtered.extend(buf[prev:curr])
+                    # Output a space to delimit stretch we kept
+                    filtered.extend(b' ')
+                prev = curr + 1
+
+        # If we're not in a tag...
+        if not in_tag:
+            # Keep everything after last non-extended-ASCII, non-alphabetic
+            # character
+            filtered.extend(buf[prev:])
+
+        return filtered
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/cli/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/cli/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b13789
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/cli/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/cli/chardetect.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/cli/chardetect.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d6f93a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/cli/chardetect.py
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+"""
+Script which takes one or more file paths and reports on their detected
+encodings
+
+Example::
+
+    % chardetect somefile someotherfile
+    somefile: windows-1252 with confidence 0.5
+    someotherfile: ascii with confidence 1.0
+
+If no paths are provided, it takes its input from stdin.
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import argparse
+import sys
+
+from pip._vendor.chardet import __version__
+from pip._vendor.chardet.compat import PY2
+from pip._vendor.chardet.universaldetector import UniversalDetector
+
+
+def description_of(lines, name='stdin'):
+    """
+    Return a string describing the probable encoding of a file or
+    list of strings.
+
+    :param lines: The lines to get the encoding of.
+    :type lines: Iterable of bytes
+    :param name: Name of file or collection of lines
+    :type name: str
+    """
+    u = UniversalDetector()
+    for line in lines:
+        line = bytearray(line)
+        u.feed(line)
+        # shortcut out of the loop to save reading further - particularly useful if we read a BOM.
+        if u.done:
+            break
+    u.close()
+    result = u.result
+    if PY2:
+        name = name.decode(sys.getfilesystemencoding(), 'ignore')
+    if result['encoding']:
+        return '{}: {} with confidence {}'.format(name, result['encoding'],
+                                                     result['confidence'])
+    else:
+        return '{}: no result'.format(name)
+
+
+def main(argv=None):
+    """
+    Handles command line arguments and gets things started.
+
+    :param argv: List of arguments, as if specified on the command-line.
+                 If None, ``sys.argv[1:]`` is used instead.
+    :type argv: list of str
+    """
+    # Get command line arguments
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Takes one or more file paths and reports their detected \
+                     encodings")
+    parser.add_argument('input',
+                        help='File whose encoding we would like to determine. \
+                              (default: stdin)',
+                        type=argparse.FileType('rb'), nargs='*',
+                        default=[sys.stdin if PY2 else sys.stdin.buffer])
+    parser.add_argument('--version', action='version',
+                        version='%(prog)s {}'.format(__version__))
+    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+    for f in args.input:
+        if f.isatty():
+            print("You are running chardetect interactively. Press " +
+                  "CTRL-D twice at the start of a blank line to signal the " +
+                  "end of your input. If you want help, run chardetect " +
+                  "--help\n", file=sys.stderr)
+        print(description_of(f, f.name))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/codingstatemachine.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/codingstatemachine.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68fba44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/codingstatemachine.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+import logging
+
+from .enums import MachineState
+
+
+class CodingStateMachine(object):
+    """
+    A state machine to verify a byte sequence for a particular encoding. For
+    each byte the detector receives, it will feed that byte to every active
+    state machine available, one byte at a time. The state machine changes its
+    state based on its previous state and the byte it receives. There are 3
+    states in a state machine that are of interest to an auto-detector:
+
+    START state: This is the state to start with, or a legal byte sequence
+                 (i.e. a valid code point) for character has been identified.
+
+    ME state:  This indicates that the state machine identified a byte sequence
+               that is specific to the charset it is designed for and that
+               there is no other possible encoding which can contain this byte
+               sequence. This will to lead to an immediate positive answer for
+               the detector.
+
+    ERROR state: This indicates the state machine identified an illegal byte
+                 sequence for that encoding. This will lead to an immediate
+                 negative answer for this encoding. Detector will exclude this
+                 encoding from consideration from here on.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, sm):
+        self._model = sm
+        self._curr_byte_pos = 0
+        self._curr_char_len = 0
+        self._curr_state = None
+        self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self._curr_state = MachineState.START
+
+    def next_state(self, c):
+        # for each byte we get its class
+        # if it is first byte, we also get byte length
+        byte_class = self._model['class_table'][c]
+        if self._curr_state == MachineState.START:
+            self._curr_byte_pos = 0
+            self._curr_char_len = self._model['char_len_table'][byte_class]
+        # from byte's class and state_table, we get its next state
+        curr_state = (self._curr_state * self._model['class_factor']
+                      + byte_class)
+        self._curr_state = self._model['state_table'][curr_state]
+        self._curr_byte_pos += 1
+        return self._curr_state
+
+    def get_current_charlen(self):
+        return self._curr_char_len
+
+    def get_coding_state_machine(self):
+        return self._model['name']
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return self._model['language']
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8941572
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Dan Blanchard
+#   Ian Cordasco
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+import sys
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 0):
+    PY2 = True
+    PY3 = False
+    string_types = (str, unicode)
+    text_type = unicode
+    iteritems = dict.iteritems
+else:
+    PY2 = False
+    PY3 = True
+    string_types = (bytes, str)
+    text_type = str
+    iteritems = dict.items
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/cp949prober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/cp949prober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efd793a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/cp949prober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .chardistribution import EUCKRDistributionAnalysis
+from .codingstatemachine import CodingStateMachine
+from .mbcharsetprober import MultiByteCharSetProber
+from .mbcssm import CP949_SM_MODEL
+
+
+class CP949Prober(MultiByteCharSetProber):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(CP949Prober, self).__init__()
+        self.coding_sm = CodingStateMachine(CP949_SM_MODEL)
+        # NOTE: CP949 is a superset of EUC-KR, so the distribution should be
+        #       not different.
+        self.distribution_analyzer = EUCKRDistributionAnalysis()
+        self.reset()
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return "CP949"
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return "Korean"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/enums.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/enums.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0451207
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/enums.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+"""
+All of the Enums that are used throughout the chardet package.
+
+:author: Dan Blanchard (dan.blanchard@gmail.com)
+"""
+
+
+class InputState(object):
+    """
+    This enum represents the different states a universal detector can be in.
+    """
+    PURE_ASCII = 0
+    ESC_ASCII = 1
+    HIGH_BYTE = 2
+
+
+class LanguageFilter(object):
+    """
+    This enum represents the different language filters we can apply to a
+    ``UniversalDetector``.
+    """
+    CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED = 0x01
+    CHINESE_TRADITIONAL = 0x02
+    JAPANESE = 0x04
+    KOREAN = 0x08
+    NON_CJK = 0x10
+    ALL = 0x1F
+    CHINESE = CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED | CHINESE_TRADITIONAL
+    CJK = CHINESE | JAPANESE | KOREAN
+
+
+class ProbingState(object):
+    """
+    This enum represents the different states a prober can be in.
+    """
+    DETECTING = 0
+    FOUND_IT = 1
+    NOT_ME = 2
+
+
+class MachineState(object):
+    """
+    This enum represents the different states a state machine can be in.
+    """
+    START = 0
+    ERROR = 1
+    ITS_ME = 2
+
+
+class SequenceLikelihood(object):
+    """
+    This enum represents the likelihood of a character following the previous one.
+    """
+    NEGATIVE = 0
+    UNLIKELY = 1
+    LIKELY = 2
+    POSITIVE = 3
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_num_categories(cls):
+        """:returns: The number of likelihood categories in the enum."""
+        return 4
+
+
+class CharacterCategory(object):
+    """
+    This enum represents the different categories language models for
+    ``SingleByteCharsetProber`` put characters into.
+
+    Anything less than CONTROL is considered a letter.
+    """
+    UNDEFINED = 255
+    LINE_BREAK = 254
+    SYMBOL = 253
+    DIGIT = 252
+    CONTROL = 251
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/escprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/escprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c70493f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/escprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .charsetprober import CharSetProber
+from .codingstatemachine import CodingStateMachine
+from .enums import LanguageFilter, ProbingState, MachineState
+from .escsm import (HZ_SM_MODEL, ISO2022CN_SM_MODEL, ISO2022JP_SM_MODEL,
+                    ISO2022KR_SM_MODEL)
+
+
+class EscCharSetProber(CharSetProber):
+    """
+    This CharSetProber uses a "code scheme" approach for detecting encodings,
+    whereby easily recognizable escape or shift sequences are relied on to
+    identify these encodings.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, lang_filter=None):
+        super(EscCharSetProber, self).__init__(lang_filter=lang_filter)
+        self.coding_sm = []
+        if self.lang_filter & LanguageFilter.CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED:
+            self.coding_sm.append(CodingStateMachine(HZ_SM_MODEL))
+            self.coding_sm.append(CodingStateMachine(ISO2022CN_SM_MODEL))
+        if self.lang_filter & LanguageFilter.JAPANESE:
+            self.coding_sm.append(CodingStateMachine(ISO2022JP_SM_MODEL))
+        if self.lang_filter & LanguageFilter.KOREAN:
+            self.coding_sm.append(CodingStateMachine(ISO2022KR_SM_MODEL))
+        self.active_sm_count = None
+        self._detected_charset = None
+        self._detected_language = None
+        self._state = None
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        super(EscCharSetProber, self).reset()
+        for coding_sm in self.coding_sm:
+            if not coding_sm:
+                continue
+            coding_sm.active = True
+            coding_sm.reset()
+        self.active_sm_count = len(self.coding_sm)
+        self._detected_charset = None
+        self._detected_language = None
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return self._detected_charset
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return self._detected_language
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        if self._detected_charset:
+            return 0.99
+        else:
+            return 0.00
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        for c in byte_str:
+            for coding_sm in self.coding_sm:
+                if not coding_sm or not coding_sm.active:
+                    continue
+                coding_state = coding_sm.next_state(c)
+                if coding_state == MachineState.ERROR:
+                    coding_sm.active = False
+                    self.active_sm_count -= 1
+                    if self.active_sm_count <= 0:
+                        self._state = ProbingState.NOT_ME
+                        return self.state
+                elif coding_state == MachineState.ITS_ME:
+                    self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+                    self._detected_charset = coding_sm.get_coding_state_machine()
+                    self._detected_language = coding_sm.language
+                    return self.state
+
+        return self.state
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/escsm.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/escsm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0069523
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/escsm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .enums import MachineState
+
+HZ_CLS = (
+1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 00 - 07
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 10 - 17
+0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,  # 18 - 1f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 20 - 27
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 28 - 2f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 30 - 37
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 38 - 3f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 40 - 47
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 48 - 4f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 50 - 57
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 58 - 5f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 60 - 67
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 68 - 6f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 70 - 77
+0,0,0,4,0,5,2,0,  # 78 - 7f
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 80 - 87
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 88 - 8f
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 90 - 97
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 98 - 9f
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # a0 - a7
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # a8 - af
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # b0 - b7
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # b8 - bf
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # c0 - c7
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # c8 - cf
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # d0 - d7
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # d8 - df
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # e0 - e7
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # e8 - ef
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # f0 - f7
+1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # f8 - ff
+)
+
+HZ_ST = (
+MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,     3,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 00-07
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,# 08-0f
+MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,     4,MachineState.ERROR,# 10-17
+     5,MachineState.ERROR,     6,MachineState.ERROR,     5,     5,     4,MachineState.ERROR,# 18-1f
+     4,MachineState.ERROR,     4,     4,     4,MachineState.ERROR,     4,MachineState.ERROR,# 20-27
+     4,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,# 28-2f
+)
+
+HZ_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+
+HZ_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': HZ_CLS,
+               'class_factor': 6,
+               'state_table': HZ_ST,
+               'char_len_table': HZ_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+               'name': "HZ-GB-2312",
+               'language': 'Chinese'}
+
+ISO2022CN_CLS = (
+2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 00 - 07
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 10 - 17
+0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,  # 18 - 1f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 20 - 27
+0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 28 - 2f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 30 - 37
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 38 - 3f
+0,0,0,4,0,0,0,0,  # 40 - 47
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 48 - 4f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 50 - 57
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 58 - 5f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 60 - 67
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 68 - 6f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 70 - 77
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 78 - 7f
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 80 - 87
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 88 - 8f
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 90 - 97
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 98 - 9f
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a0 - a7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a8 - af
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b0 - b7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b8 - bf
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c0 - c7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c8 - cf
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d0 - d7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d8 - df
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # e0 - e7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # e8 - ef
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # f0 - f7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # f8 - ff
+)
+
+ISO2022CN_ST = (
+MachineState.START,     3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,# 00-07
+MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 08-0f
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,# 10-17
+MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     4,MachineState.ERROR,# 18-1f
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 20-27
+     5,     6,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 28-2f
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 30-37
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,# 38-3f
+)
+
+ISO2022CN_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+
+ISO2022CN_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': ISO2022CN_CLS,
+                      'class_factor': 9,
+                      'state_table': ISO2022CN_ST,
+                      'char_len_table': ISO2022CN_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                      'name': "ISO-2022-CN",
+                      'language': 'Chinese'}
+
+ISO2022JP_CLS = (
+2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 00 - 07
+0,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,  # 08 - 0f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 10 - 17
+0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,  # 18 - 1f
+0,0,0,0,7,0,0,0,  # 20 - 27
+3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 28 - 2f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 30 - 37
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 38 - 3f
+6,0,4,0,8,0,0,0,  # 40 - 47
+0,9,5,0,0,0,0,0,  # 48 - 4f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 50 - 57
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 58 - 5f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 60 - 67
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 68 - 6f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 70 - 77
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 78 - 7f
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 80 - 87
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 88 - 8f
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 90 - 97
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 98 - 9f
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a0 - a7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a8 - af
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b0 - b7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b8 - bf
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c0 - c7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c8 - cf
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d0 - d7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d8 - df
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # e0 - e7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # e8 - ef
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # f0 - f7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # f8 - ff
+)
+
+ISO2022JP_ST = (
+MachineState.START,     3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,# 00-07
+MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 08-0f
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,# 10-17
+MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 18-1f
+MachineState.ERROR,     5,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     4,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 20-27
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     6,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,# 28-2f
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,# 30-37
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 38-3f
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,# 40-47
+)
+
+ISO2022JP_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+
+ISO2022JP_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': ISO2022JP_CLS,
+                      'class_factor': 10,
+                      'state_table': ISO2022JP_ST,
+                      'char_len_table': ISO2022JP_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                      'name': "ISO-2022-JP",
+                      'language': 'Japanese'}
+
+ISO2022KR_CLS = (
+2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 00 - 07
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 10 - 17
+0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,  # 18 - 1f
+0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,  # 20 - 27
+0,4,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 28 - 2f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 30 - 37
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 38 - 3f
+0,0,0,5,0,0,0,0,  # 40 - 47
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 48 - 4f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 50 - 57
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 58 - 5f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 60 - 67
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 68 - 6f
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 70 - 77
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 78 - 7f
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 80 - 87
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 88 - 8f
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 90 - 97
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 98 - 9f
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a0 - a7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a8 - af
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b0 - b7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b8 - bf
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c0 - c7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c8 - cf
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d0 - d7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d8 - df
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # e0 - e7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # e8 - ef
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # f0 - f7
+2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # f8 - ff
+)
+
+ISO2022KR_ST = (
+MachineState.START,     3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 00-07
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,# 08-0f
+MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     4,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 10-17
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     5,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,# 18-1f
+MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,# 20-27
+)
+
+ISO2022KR_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+
+ISO2022KR_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': ISO2022KR_CLS,
+                      'class_factor': 6,
+                      'state_table': ISO2022KR_ST,
+                      'char_len_table': ISO2022KR_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                      'name': "ISO-2022-KR",
+                      'language': 'Korean'}
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/eucjpprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/eucjpprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20ce8f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/eucjpprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .enums import ProbingState, MachineState
+from .mbcharsetprober import MultiByteCharSetProber
+from .codingstatemachine import CodingStateMachine
+from .chardistribution import EUCJPDistributionAnalysis
+from .jpcntx import EUCJPContextAnalysis
+from .mbcssm import EUCJP_SM_MODEL
+
+
+class EUCJPProber(MultiByteCharSetProber):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(EUCJPProber, self).__init__()
+        self.coding_sm = CodingStateMachine(EUCJP_SM_MODEL)
+        self.distribution_analyzer = EUCJPDistributionAnalysis()
+        self.context_analyzer = EUCJPContextAnalysis()
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        super(EUCJPProber, self).reset()
+        self.context_analyzer.reset()
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return "EUC-JP"
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return "Japanese"
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        for i in range(len(byte_str)):
+            # PY3K: byte_str is a byte array, so byte_str[i] is an int, not a byte
+            coding_state = self.coding_sm.next_state(byte_str[i])
+            if coding_state == MachineState.ERROR:
+                self.logger.debug('%s %s prober hit error at byte %s',
+                                  self.charset_name, self.language, i)
+                self._state = ProbingState.NOT_ME
+                break
+            elif coding_state == MachineState.ITS_ME:
+                self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+                break
+            elif coding_state == MachineState.START:
+                char_len = self.coding_sm.get_current_charlen()
+                if i == 0:
+                    self._last_char[1] = byte_str[0]
+                    self.context_analyzer.feed(self._last_char, char_len)
+                    self.distribution_analyzer.feed(self._last_char, char_len)
+                else:
+                    self.context_analyzer.feed(byte_str[i - 1:i + 1],
+                                                char_len)
+                    self.distribution_analyzer.feed(byte_str[i - 1:i + 1],
+                                                     char_len)
+
+        self._last_char[0] = byte_str[-1]
+
+        if self.state == ProbingState.DETECTING:
+            if (self.context_analyzer.got_enough_data() and
+               (self.get_confidence() > self.SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD)):
+                self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+
+        return self.state
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        context_conf = self.context_analyzer.get_confidence()
+        distrib_conf = self.distribution_analyzer.get_confidence()
+        return max(context_conf, distrib_conf)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euckrfreq.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euckrfreq.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b68078c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euckrfreq.py
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+# Sampling from about 20M text materials include literature and computer technology
+
+# 128  --> 0.79
+# 256  --> 0.92
+# 512  --> 0.986
+# 1024 --> 0.99944
+# 2048 --> 0.99999
+#
+# Idea Distribution Ratio = 0.98653 / (1-0.98653) = 73.24
+# Random Distribution Ration = 512 / (2350-512) = 0.279.
+#
+# Typical Distribution Ratio
+
+EUCKR_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO = 6.0
+
+EUCKR_TABLE_SIZE = 2352
+
+# Char to FreqOrder table ,
+EUCKR_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER = (
+  13, 130, 120,1396, 481,1719,1720, 328, 609, 212,1721, 707, 400, 299,1722,  87,
+1397,1723, 104, 536,1117,1203,1724,1267, 685,1268, 508,1725,1726,1727,1728,1398,
+1399,1729,1730,1731, 141, 621, 326,1057, 368,1732, 267, 488,  20,1733,1269,1734,
+ 945,1400,1735,  47, 904,1270,1736,1737, 773, 248,1738, 409, 313, 786, 429,1739,
+ 116, 987, 813,1401, 683,  75,1204, 145,1740,1741,1742,1743,  16, 847, 667, 622,
+ 708,1744,1745,1746, 966, 787, 304, 129,1747,  60, 820, 123, 676,1748,1749,1750,
+1751, 617,1752, 626,1753,1754,1755,1756, 653,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762, 856,
+ 344,1763,1764,1765,1766,  89, 401, 418, 806, 905, 848,1767,1768,1769, 946,1205,
+ 709,1770,1118,1771, 241,1772,1773,1774,1271,1775, 569,1776, 999,1777,1778,1779,
+1780, 337, 751,1058,  28, 628, 254,1781, 177, 906, 270, 349, 891,1079,1782,  19,
+1783, 379,1784, 315,1785, 629, 754,1402, 559,1786, 636, 203,1206,1787, 710, 567,
+1788, 935, 814,1789,1790,1207, 766, 528,1791,1792,1208,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,
+1403,1798,1799, 533,1059,1404,1405,1156,1406, 936, 884,1080,1800, 351,1801,1802,
+1803,1804,1805, 801,1806,1807,1808,1119,1809,1157, 714, 474,1407,1810, 298, 899,
+ 885,1811,1120, 802,1158,1812, 892,1813,1814,1408, 659,1815,1816,1121,1817,1818,
+1819,1820,1821,1822, 319,1823, 594, 545,1824, 815, 937,1209,1825,1826, 573,1409,
+1022,1827,1210,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833, 556, 722, 807,1122,1060,1834, 697,
+1835, 900, 557, 715,1836,1410, 540,1411, 752,1159, 294, 597,1211, 976, 803, 770,
+1412,1837,1838,  39, 794,1413, 358,1839, 371, 925,1840, 453, 661, 788, 531, 723,
+ 544,1023,1081, 869,  91,1841, 392, 430, 790, 602,1414, 677,1082, 457,1415,1416,
+1842,1843, 475, 327,1024,1417, 795, 121,1844, 733, 403,1418,1845,1846,1847, 300,
+ 119, 711,1212, 627,1848,1272, 207,1849,1850, 796,1213, 382,1851, 519,1852,1083,
+ 893,1853,1854,1855, 367, 809, 487, 671,1856, 663,1857,1858, 956, 471, 306, 857,
+1859,1860,1160,1084,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1061,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,
+ 282,  96, 574,1872, 502,1085,1873,1214,1874, 907,1875,1876, 827, 977,1419,1420,
+1421, 268,1877,1422,1878,1879,1880, 308,1881,   2, 537,1882,1883,1215,1884,1885,
+ 127, 791,1886,1273,1423,1887,  34, 336, 404, 643,1888, 571, 654, 894, 840,1889,
+   0, 886,1274, 122, 575, 260, 908, 938,1890,1275, 410, 316,1891,1892, 100,1893,
+1894,1123,  48,1161,1124,1025,1895, 633, 901,1276,1896,1897, 115, 816,1898, 317,
+1899, 694,1900, 909, 734,1424, 572, 866,1425, 691,  85, 524,1010, 543, 394, 841,
+1901,1902,1903,1026,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,  30, 451, 651, 988, 310,1910,
+1911,1426, 810,1216,  93,1912,1913,1277,1217,1914, 858, 759,  45,  58, 181, 610,
+ 269,1915,1916, 131,1062, 551, 443,1000, 821,1427, 957, 895,1086,1917,1918, 375,
+1919, 359,1920, 687,1921, 822,1922, 293,1923,1924,  40, 662, 118, 692,  29, 939,
+ 887, 640, 482, 174,1925,  69,1162, 728,1428, 910,1926,1278,1218,1279, 386, 870,
+ 217, 854,1163, 823,1927,1928,1929,1930, 834,1931,  78,1932, 859,1933,1063,1934,
+1935,1936,1937, 438,1164, 208, 595,1938,1939,1940,1941,1219,1125,1942, 280, 888,
+1429,1430,1220,1431,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1280, 150, 510,1432,1948,1949,1950,
+1951,1952,1953,1954,1011,1087,1955,1433,1043,1956, 881,1957, 614, 958,1064,1065,
+1221,1958, 638,1001, 860, 967, 896,1434, 989, 492, 553,1281,1165,1959,1282,1002,
+1283,1222,1960,1961,1962,1963,  36, 383, 228, 753, 247, 454,1964, 876, 678,1965,
+1966,1284, 126, 464, 490, 835, 136, 672, 529, 940,1088,1435, 473,1967,1968, 467,
+  50, 390, 227, 587, 279, 378, 598, 792, 968, 240, 151, 160, 849, 882,1126,1285,
+ 639,1044, 133, 140, 288, 360, 811, 563,1027, 561, 142, 523,1969,1970,1971,   7,
+ 103, 296, 439, 407, 506, 634, 990,1972,1973,1974,1975, 645,1976,1977,1978,1979,
+1980,1981, 236,1982,1436,1983,1984,1089, 192, 828, 618, 518,1166, 333,1127,1985,
+ 818,1223,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993, 342,1128,1286, 746, 842,1994,
+1995, 560, 223,1287,  98,   8, 189, 650, 978,1288,1996,1437,1997,  17, 345, 250,
+ 423, 277, 234, 512, 226,  97, 289,  42, 167,1998, 201,1999,2000, 843, 836, 824,
+ 532, 338, 783,1090, 182, 576, 436,1438,1439, 527, 500,2001, 947, 889,2002,2003,
+2004,2005, 262, 600, 314, 447,2006, 547,2007, 693, 738,1129,2008,  71,1440, 745,
+ 619, 688,2009, 829,2010,2011, 147,2012,  33, 948,2013,2014,  74, 224,2015,  61,
+ 191, 918, 399, 637,2016,1028,1130, 257, 902,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,
+2024,2025,2026, 837,2027,2028,2029,2030, 179, 874, 591,  52, 724, 246,2031,2032,
+2033,2034,1167, 969,2035,1289, 630, 605, 911,1091,1168,2036,2037,2038,1441, 912,
+2039, 623,2040,2041, 253,1169,1290,2042,1442, 146, 620, 611, 577, 433,2043,1224,
+ 719,1170, 959, 440, 437, 534,  84, 388, 480,1131, 159, 220, 198, 679,2044,1012,
+ 819,1066,1443, 113,1225, 194, 318,1003,1029,2045,2046,2047,2048,1067,2049,2050,
+2051,2052,2053,  59, 913, 112,2054, 632,2055, 455, 144, 739,1291,2056, 273, 681,
+ 499,2057, 448,2058,2059, 760,2060,2061, 970, 384, 169, 245,1132,2062,2063, 414,
+1444,2064,2065,  41, 235,2066, 157, 252, 877, 568, 919, 789, 580,2067, 725,2068,
+2069,1292,2070,2071,1445,2072,1446,2073,2074,  55, 588,  66,1447, 271,1092,2075,
+1226,2076, 960,1013, 372,2077,2078,2079,2080,2081,1293,2082,2083,2084,2085, 850,
+2086,2087,2088,2089,2090, 186,2091,1068, 180,2092,2093,2094, 109,1227, 522, 606,
+2095, 867,1448,1093, 991,1171, 926, 353,1133,2096, 581,2097,2098,2099,1294,1449,
+1450,2100, 596,1172,1014,1228,2101,1451,1295,1173,1229,2102,2103,1296,1134,1452,
+ 949,1135,2104,2105,1094,1453,1454,1455,2106,1095,2107,2108,2109,2110,2111,2112,
+2113,2114,2115,2116,2117, 804,2118,2119,1230,1231, 805,1456, 405,1136,2120,2121,
+2122,2123,2124, 720, 701,1297, 992,1457, 927,1004,2125,2126,2127,2128,2129,2130,
+  22, 417,2131, 303,2132, 385,2133, 971, 520, 513,2134,1174,  73,1096, 231, 274,
+ 962,1458, 673,2135,1459,2136, 152,1137,2137,2138,2139,2140,1005,1138,1460,1139,
+2141,2142,2143,2144,  11, 374, 844,2145, 154,1232,  46,1461,2146, 838, 830, 721,
+1233, 106,2147,  90, 428, 462, 578, 566,1175, 352,2148,2149, 538,1234, 124,1298,
+2150,1462, 761, 565,2151, 686,2152, 649,2153,  72, 173,2154, 460, 415,2155,1463,
+2156,1235, 305,2157,2158,2159,2160,2161,2162, 579,2163,2164,2165,2166,2167, 747,
+2168,2169,2170,2171,1464, 669,2172,2173,2174,2175,2176,1465,2177,  23, 530, 285,
+2178, 335, 729,2179, 397,2180,2181,2182,1030,2183,2184, 698,2185,2186, 325,2187,
+2188, 369,2189, 799,1097,1015, 348,2190,1069, 680,2191, 851,1466,2192,2193,  10,
+2194, 613, 424,2195, 979, 108, 449, 589,  27, 172,  81,1031,  80, 774, 281, 350,
+1032, 525, 301, 582,1176,2196, 674,1045,2197,2198,1467, 730, 762,2199,2200,2201,
+2202,1468,2203, 993,2204,2205, 266,1070, 963,1140,2206,2207,2208, 664,1098, 972,
+2209,2210,2211,1177,1469,1470, 871,2212,2213,2214,2215,2216,1471,2217,2218,2219,
+2220,2221,2222,2223,2224,2225,2226,2227,1472,1236,2228,2229,2230,2231,2232,2233,
+2234,2235,1299,2236,2237, 200,2238, 477, 373,2239,2240, 731, 825, 777,2241,2242,
+2243, 521, 486, 548,2244,2245,2246,1473,1300,  53, 549, 137, 875,  76, 158,2247,
+1301,1474, 469, 396,1016, 278, 712,2248, 321, 442, 503, 767, 744, 941,1237,1178,
+1475,2249,  82, 178,1141,1179, 973,2250,1302,2251, 297,2252,2253, 570,2254,2255,
+2256,  18, 450, 206,2257, 290, 292,1142,2258, 511, 162,  99, 346, 164, 735,2259,
+1476,1477,   4, 554, 343, 798,1099,2260,1100,2261,  43, 171,1303, 139, 215,2262,
+2263, 717, 775,2264,1033, 322, 216,2265, 831,2266, 149,2267,1304,2268,2269, 702,
+1238, 135, 845, 347, 309,2270, 484,2271, 878, 655, 238,1006,1478,2272,  67,2273,
+ 295,2274,2275, 461,2276, 478, 942, 412,2277,1034,2278,2279,2280, 265,2281, 541,
+2282,2283,2284,2285,2286,  70, 852,1071,2287,2288,2289,2290,  21,  56, 509, 117,
+ 432,2291,2292, 331, 980, 552,1101, 148, 284, 105, 393,1180,1239, 755,2293, 187,
+2294,1046,1479,2295, 340,2296,  63,1047, 230,2297,2298,1305, 763,1306, 101, 800,
+ 808, 494,2299,2300,2301, 903,2302,  37,1072,  14,   5,2303,  79, 675,2304, 312,
+2305,2306,2307,2308,2309,1480,   6,1307,2310,2311,2312,   1, 470,  35,  24, 229,
+2313, 695, 210,  86, 778,  15, 784, 592, 779,  32,  77, 855, 964,2314, 259,2315,
+ 501, 380,2316,2317,  83, 981, 153, 689,1308,1481,1482,1483,2318,2319, 716,1484,
+2320,2321,2322,2323,2324,2325,1485,2326,2327, 128,  57,  68, 261,1048, 211, 170,
+1240,  31,2328,  51, 435, 742,2329,2330,2331, 635,2332, 264, 456,2333,2334,2335,
+ 425,2336,1486, 143, 507, 263, 943,2337, 363, 920,1487, 256,1488,1102, 243, 601,
+1489,2338,2339,2340,2341,2342,2343,2344, 861,2345,2346,2347,2348,2349,2350, 395,
+2351,1490,1491,  62, 535, 166, 225,2352,2353, 668, 419,1241, 138, 604, 928,2354,
+1181,2355,1492,1493,2356,2357,2358,1143,2359, 696,2360, 387, 307,1309, 682, 476,
+2361,2362, 332,  12, 222, 156,2363, 232,2364, 641, 276, 656, 517,1494,1495,1035,
+ 416, 736,1496,2365,1017, 586,2366,2367,2368,1497,2369, 242,2370,2371,2372,1498,
+2373, 965, 713,2374,2375,2376,2377, 740, 982,1499, 944,1500,1007,2378,2379,1310,
+1501,2380,2381,2382, 785, 329,2383,2384,1502,2385,2386,2387, 932,2388,1503,2389,
+2390,2391,2392,1242,2393,2394,2395,2396,2397, 994, 950,2398,2399,2400,2401,1504,
+1311,2402,2403,2404,2405,1049, 749,2406,2407, 853, 718,1144,1312,2408,1182,1505,
+2409,2410, 255, 516, 479, 564, 550, 214,1506,1507,1313, 413, 239, 444, 339,1145,
+1036,1508,1509,1314,1037,1510,1315,2411,1511,2412,2413,2414, 176, 703, 497, 624,
+ 593, 921, 302,2415, 341, 165,1103,1512,2416,1513,2417,2418,2419, 376,2420, 700,
+2421,2422,2423, 258, 768,1316,2424,1183,2425, 995, 608,2426,2427,2428,2429, 221,
+2430,2431,2432,2433,2434,2435,2436,2437, 195, 323, 726, 188, 897, 983,1317, 377,
+ 644,1050, 879,2438, 452,2439,2440,2441,2442,2443,2444, 914,2445,2446,2447,2448,
+ 915, 489,2449,1514,1184,2450,2451, 515,  64, 427, 495,2452, 583,2453, 483, 485,
+1038, 562, 213,1515, 748, 666,2454,2455,2456,2457, 334,2458, 780, 996,1008, 705,
+1243,2459,2460,2461,2462,2463, 114,2464, 493,1146, 366, 163,1516, 961,1104,2465,
+ 291,2466,1318,1105,2467,1517, 365,2468, 355, 951,1244,2469,1319,2470, 631,2471,
+2472, 218,1320, 364, 320, 756,1518,1519,1321,1520,1322,2473,2474,2475,2476, 997,
+2477,2478,2479,2480, 665,1185,2481, 916,1521,2482,2483,2484, 584, 684,2485,2486,
+ 797,2487,1051,1186,2488,2489,2490,1522,2491,2492, 370,2493,1039,1187,  65,2494,
+ 434, 205, 463,1188,2495, 125, 812, 391, 402, 826, 699, 286, 398, 155, 781, 771,
+ 585,2496, 590, 505,1073,2497, 599, 244, 219, 917,1018, 952, 646,1523,2498,1323,
+2499,2500,  49, 984, 354, 741,2501, 625,2502,1324,2503,1019, 190, 357, 757, 491,
+  95, 782, 868,2504,2505,2506,2507,2508,2509, 134,1524,1074, 422,1525, 898,2510,
+ 161,2511,2512,2513,2514, 769,2515,1526,2516,2517, 411,1325,2518, 472,1527,2519,
+2520,2521,2522,2523,2524, 985,2525,2526,2527,2528,2529,2530, 764,2531,1245,2532,
+2533,  25, 204, 311,2534, 496,2535,1052,2536,2537,2538,2539,2540,2541,2542, 199,
+ 704, 504, 468, 758, 657,1528, 196,  44, 839,1246, 272, 750,2543, 765, 862,2544,
+2545,1326,2546, 132, 615, 933,2547, 732,2548,2549,2550,1189,1529,2551, 283,1247,
+1053, 607, 929,2552,2553,2554, 930, 183, 872, 616,1040,1147,2555,1148,1020, 441,
+ 249,1075,2556,2557,2558, 466, 743,2559,2560,2561,  92, 514, 426, 420, 526,2562,
+2563,2564,2565,2566,2567,2568, 185,2569,2570,2571,2572, 776,1530, 658,2573, 362,
+2574, 361, 922,1076, 793,2575,2576,2577,2578,2579,2580,1531, 251,2581,2582,2583,
+2584,1532,  54, 612, 237,1327,2585,2586, 275, 408, 647, 111,2587,1533,1106, 465,
+   3, 458,   9,  38,2588, 107, 110, 890, 209,  26, 737, 498,2589,1534,2590, 431,
+ 202,  88,1535, 356, 287,1107, 660,1149,2591, 381,1536, 986,1150, 445,1248,1151,
+ 974,2592,2593, 846,2594, 446, 953, 184,1249,1250, 727,2595, 923, 193, 883,2596,
+2597,2598, 102, 324, 539, 817,2599, 421,1041,2600, 832,2601,  94, 175, 197, 406,
+2602, 459,2603,2604,2605,2606,2607, 330, 555,2608,2609,2610, 706,1108, 389,2611,
+2612,2613,2614, 233,2615, 833, 558, 931, 954,1251,2616,2617,1537, 546,2618,2619,
+1009,2620,2621,2622,1538, 690,1328,2623, 955,2624,1539,2625,2626, 772,2627,2628,
+2629,2630,2631, 924, 648, 863, 603,2632,2633, 934,1540, 864, 865,2634, 642,1042,
+ 670,1190,2635,2636,2637,2638, 168,2639, 652, 873, 542,1054,1541,2640,2641,2642,  # 512, 256
+)
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euckrprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euckrprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..345a060
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euckrprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .mbcharsetprober import MultiByteCharSetProber
+from .codingstatemachine import CodingStateMachine
+from .chardistribution import EUCKRDistributionAnalysis
+from .mbcssm import EUCKR_SM_MODEL
+
+
+class EUCKRProber(MultiByteCharSetProber):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(EUCKRProber, self).__init__()
+        self.coding_sm = CodingStateMachine(EUCKR_SM_MODEL)
+        self.distribution_analyzer = EUCKRDistributionAnalysis()
+        self.reset()
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return "EUC-KR"
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return "Korean"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euctwfreq.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euctwfreq.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed7a995
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euctwfreq.py
@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+# EUCTW frequency table
+# Converted from big5 work
+# by Taiwan's Mandarin Promotion Council
+# <http:#www.edu.tw:81/mandr/>
+
+# 128  --> 0.42261
+# 256  --> 0.57851
+# 512  --> 0.74851
+# 1024 --> 0.89384
+# 2048 --> 0.97583
+#
+# Idea Distribution Ratio = 0.74851/(1-0.74851) =2.98
+# Random Distribution Ration = 512/(5401-512)=0.105
+#
+# Typical Distribution Ratio about 25% of Ideal one, still much higher than RDR
+
+EUCTW_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO = 0.75
+
+# Char to FreqOrder table ,
+EUCTW_TABLE_SIZE = 5376
+
+EUCTW_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER = (
+   1,1800,1506, 255,1431, 198,   9,  82,   6,7310, 177, 202,3615,1256,2808, 110,  # 2742
+3735,  33,3241, 261,  76,  44,2113,  16,2931,2184,1176, 659,3868,  26,3404,2643,  # 2758
+1198,3869,3313,4060, 410,2211, 302, 590, 361,1963,   8, 204,  58,4296,7311,1931,  # 2774
+  63,7312,7313, 317,1614,  75, 222, 159,4061,2412,1480,7314,3500,3068, 224,2809,  # 2790
+3616,   3,  10,3870,1471,  29,2774,1135,2852,1939, 873, 130,3242,1123, 312,7315,  # 2806
+4297,2051, 507, 252, 682,7316, 142,1914, 124, 206,2932,  34,3501,3173,  64, 604,  # 2822
+7317,2494,1976,1977, 155,1990, 645, 641,1606,7318,3405, 337,  72, 406,7319,  80,  # 2838
+ 630, 238,3174,1509, 263, 939,1092,2644, 756,1440,1094,3406, 449,  69,2969, 591,  # 2854
+ 179,2095, 471, 115,2034,1843,  60,  50,2970, 134, 806,1868, 734,2035,3407, 180,  # 2870
+ 995,1607, 156, 537,2893, 688,7320, 319,1305, 779,2144, 514,2374, 298,4298, 359,  # 2886
+2495,  90,2707,1338, 663,  11, 906,1099,2545,  20,2436, 182, 532,1716,7321, 732,  # 2902
+1376,4062,1311,1420,3175,  25,2312,1056, 113, 399, 382,1949, 242,3408,2467, 529,  # 2918
+3243, 475,1447,3617,7322, 117,  21, 656, 810,1297,2295,2329,3502,7323, 126,4063,  # 2934
+ 706, 456, 150, 613,4299,  71,1118,2036,4064, 145,3069,  85, 835, 486,2114,1246,  # 2950
+1426, 428, 727,1285,1015, 800, 106, 623, 303,1281,7324,2127,2354, 347,3736, 221,  # 2966
+3503,3110,7325,1955,1153,4065,  83, 296,1199,3070, 192, 624,  93,7326, 822,1897,  # 2982
+2810,3111, 795,2064, 991,1554,1542,1592,  27,  43,2853, 859, 139,1456, 860,4300,  # 2998
+ 437, 712,3871, 164,2392,3112, 695, 211,3017,2096, 195,3872,1608,3504,3505,3618,  # 3014
+3873, 234, 811,2971,2097,3874,2229,1441,3506,1615,2375, 668,2076,1638, 305, 228,  # 3030
+1664,4301, 467, 415,7327, 262,2098,1593, 239, 108, 300, 200,1033, 512,1247,2077,  # 3046
+7328,7329,2173,3176,3619,2673, 593, 845,1062,3244,  88,1723,2037,3875,1950, 212,  # 3062
+ 266, 152, 149, 468,1898,4066,4302,  77, 187,7330,3018,  37,   5,2972,7331,3876,  # 3078
+7332,7333,  39,2517,4303,2894,3177,2078,  55, 148,  74,4304, 545, 483,1474,1029,  # 3094
+1665, 217,1869,1531,3113,1104,2645,4067,  24, 172,3507, 900,3877,3508,3509,4305,  # 3110
+  32,1408,2811,1312, 329, 487,2355,2247,2708, 784,2674,   4,3019,3314,1427,1788,  # 3126
+ 188, 109, 499,7334,3620,1717,1789, 888,1217,3020,4306,7335,3510,7336,3315,1520,  # 3142
+3621,3878, 196,1034, 775,7337,7338, 929,1815, 249, 439,  38,7339,1063,7340, 794,  # 3158
+3879,1435,2296,  46, 178,3245,2065,7341,2376,7342, 214,1709,4307, 804,  35, 707,  # 3174
+ 324,3622,1601,2546, 140, 459,4068,7343,7344,1365, 839, 272, 978,2257,2572,3409,  # 3190
+2128,1363,3623,1423, 697, 100,3071,  48,  70,1231, 495,3114,2193,7345,1294,7346,  # 3206
+2079, 462, 586,1042,3246, 853, 256, 988, 185,2377,3410,1698, 434,1084,7347,3411,  # 3222
+ 314,2615,2775,4308,2330,2331, 569,2280, 637,1816,2518, 757,1162,1878,1616,3412,  # 3238
+ 287,1577,2115, 768,4309,1671,2854,3511,2519,1321,3737, 909,2413,7348,4069, 933,  # 3254
+3738,7349,2052,2356,1222,4310, 765,2414,1322, 786,4311,7350,1919,1462,1677,2895,  # 3270
+1699,7351,4312,1424,2437,3115,3624,2590,3316,1774,1940,3413,3880,4070, 309,1369,  # 3286
+1130,2812, 364,2230,1653,1299,3881,3512,3882,3883,2646, 525,1085,3021, 902,2000,  # 3302
+1475, 964,4313, 421,1844,1415,1057,2281, 940,1364,3116, 376,4314,4315,1381,   7,  # 3318
+2520, 983,2378, 336,1710,2675,1845, 321,3414, 559,1131,3022,2742,1808,1132,1313,  # 3334
+ 265,1481,1857,7352, 352,1203,2813,3247, 167,1089, 420,2814, 776, 792,1724,3513,  # 3350
+4071,2438,3248,7353,4072,7354, 446, 229, 333,2743, 901,3739,1200,1557,4316,2647,  # 3366
+1920, 395,2744,2676,3740,4073,1835, 125, 916,3178,2616,4317,7355,7356,3741,7357,  # 3382
+7358,7359,4318,3117,3625,1133,2547,1757,3415,1510,2313,1409,3514,7360,2145, 438,  # 3398
+2591,2896,2379,3317,1068, 958,3023, 461, 311,2855,2677,4074,1915,3179,4075,1978,  # 3414
+ 383, 750,2745,2617,4076, 274, 539, 385,1278,1442,7361,1154,1964, 384, 561, 210,  # 3430
+  98,1295,2548,3515,7362,1711,2415,1482,3416,3884,2897,1257, 129,7363,3742, 642,  # 3446
+ 523,2776,2777,2648,7364, 141,2231,1333,  68, 176, 441, 876, 907,4077, 603,2592,  # 3462
+ 710, 171,3417, 404, 549,  18,3118,2393,1410,3626,1666,7365,3516,4319,2898,4320,  # 3478
+7366,2973, 368,7367, 146, 366,  99, 871,3627,1543, 748, 807,1586,1185,  22,2258,  # 3494
+ 379,3743,3180,7368,3181, 505,1941,2618,1991,1382,2314,7369, 380,2357, 218, 702,  # 3510
+1817,1248,3418,3024,3517,3318,3249,7370,2974,3628, 930,3250,3744,7371,  59,7372,  # 3526
+ 585, 601,4078, 497,3419,1112,1314,4321,1801,7373,1223,1472,2174,7374, 749,1836,  # 3542
+ 690,1899,3745,1772,3885,1476, 429,1043,1790,2232,2116, 917,4079, 447,1086,1629,  # 3558
+7375, 556,7376,7377,2020,1654, 844,1090, 105, 550, 966,1758,2815,1008,1782, 686,  # 3574
+1095,7378,2282, 793,1602,7379,3518,2593,4322,4080,2933,2297,4323,3746, 980,2496,  # 3590
+ 544, 353, 527,4324, 908,2678,2899,7380, 381,2619,1942,1348,7381,1341,1252, 560,  # 3606
+3072,7382,3420,2856,7383,2053, 973, 886,2080, 143,4325,7384,7385, 157,3886, 496,  # 3622
+4081,  57, 840, 540,2038,4326,4327,3421,2117,1445, 970,2259,1748,1965,2081,4082,  # 3638
+3119,1234,1775,3251,2816,3629, 773,1206,2129,1066,2039,1326,3887,1738,1725,4083,  # 3654
+ 279,3120,  51,1544,2594, 423,1578,2130,2066, 173,4328,1879,7386,7387,1583, 264,  # 3670
+ 610,3630,4329,2439, 280, 154,7388,7389,7390,1739, 338,1282,3073, 693,2857,1411,  # 3686
+1074,3747,2440,7391,4330,7392,7393,1240, 952,2394,7394,2900,1538,2679, 685,1483,  # 3702
+4084,2468,1436, 953,4085,2054,4331, 671,2395,  79,4086,2441,3252, 608, 567,2680,  # 3718
+3422,4087,4088,1691, 393,1261,1791,2396,7395,4332,7396,7397,7398,7399,1383,1672,  # 3734
+3748,3182,1464, 522,1119, 661,1150, 216, 675,4333,3888,1432,3519, 609,4334,2681,  # 3750
+2397,7400,7401,7402,4089,3025,   0,7403,2469, 315, 231,2442, 301,3319,4335,2380,  # 3766
+7404, 233,4090,3631,1818,4336,4337,7405,  96,1776,1315,2082,7406, 257,7407,1809,  # 3782
+3632,2709,1139,1819,4091,2021,1124,2163,2778,1777,2649,7408,3074, 363,1655,3183,  # 3798
+7409,2975,7410,7411,7412,3889,1567,3890, 718, 103,3184, 849,1443, 341,3320,2934,  # 3814
+1484,7413,1712, 127,  67, 339,4092,2398, 679,1412, 821,7414,7415, 834, 738, 351,  # 3830
+2976,2146, 846, 235,1497,1880, 418,1992,3749,2710, 186,1100,2147,2746,3520,1545,  # 3846
+1355,2935,2858,1377, 583,3891,4093,2573,2977,7416,1298,3633,1078,2549,3634,2358,  # 3862
+  78,3750,3751, 267,1289,2099,2001,1594,4094, 348, 369,1274,2194,2175,1837,4338,  # 3878
+1820,2817,3635,2747,2283,2002,4339,2936,2748, 144,3321, 882,4340,3892,2749,3423,  # 3894
+4341,2901,7417,4095,1726, 320,7418,3893,3026, 788,2978,7419,2818,1773,1327,2859,  # 3910
+3894,2819,7420,1306,4342,2003,1700,3752,3521,2359,2650, 787,2022, 506, 824,3636,  # 3926
+ 534, 323,4343,1044,3322,2023,1900, 946,3424,7421,1778,1500,1678,7422,1881,4344,  # 3942
+ 165, 243,4345,3637,2521, 123, 683,4096, 764,4346,  36,3895,1792, 589,2902, 816,  # 3958
+ 626,1667,3027,2233,1639,1555,1622,3753,3896,7423,3897,2860,1370,1228,1932, 891,  # 3974
+2083,2903, 304,4097,7424, 292,2979,2711,3522, 691,2100,4098,1115,4347, 118, 662,  # 3990
+7425, 611,1156, 854,2381,1316,2861,   2, 386, 515,2904,7426,7427,3253, 868,2234,  # 4006
+1486, 855,2651, 785,2212,3028,7428,1040,3185,3523,7429,3121, 448,7430,1525,7431,  # 4022
+2164,4348,7432,3754,7433,4099,2820,3524,3122, 503, 818,3898,3123,1568, 814, 676,  # 4038
+1444, 306,1749,7434,3755,1416,1030, 197,1428, 805,2821,1501,4349,7435,7436,7437,  # 4054
+1993,7438,4350,7439,7440,2195,  13,2779,3638,2980,3124,1229,1916,7441,3756,2131,  # 4070
+7442,4100,4351,2399,3525,7443,2213,1511,1727,1120,7444,7445, 646,3757,2443, 307,  # 4086
+7446,7447,1595,3186,7448,7449,7450,3639,1113,1356,3899,1465,2522,2523,7451, 519,  # 4102
+7452, 128,2132,  92,2284,1979,7453,3900,1512, 342,3125,2196,7454,2780,2214,1980,  # 4118
+3323,7455, 290,1656,1317, 789, 827,2360,7456,3758,4352, 562, 581,3901,7457, 401,  # 4134
+4353,2248,  94,4354,1399,2781,7458,1463,2024,4355,3187,1943,7459, 828,1105,4101,  # 4150
+1262,1394,7460,4102, 605,4356,7461,1783,2862,7462,2822, 819,2101, 578,2197,2937,  # 4166
+7463,1502, 436,3254,4103,3255,2823,3902,2905,3425,3426,7464,2712,2315,7465,7466,  # 4182
+2332,2067,  23,4357, 193, 826,3759,2102, 699,1630,4104,3075, 390,1793,1064,3526,  # 4198
+7467,1579,3076,3077,1400,7468,4105,1838,1640,2863,7469,4358,4359, 137,4106, 598,  # 4214
+3078,1966, 780, 104, 974,2938,7470, 278, 899, 253, 402, 572, 504, 493,1339,7471,  # 4230
+3903,1275,4360,2574,2550,7472,3640,3029,3079,2249, 565,1334,2713, 863,  41,7473,  # 4246
+7474,4361,7475,1657,2333,  19, 463,2750,4107, 606,7476,2981,3256,1087,2084,1323,  # 4262
+2652,2982,7477,1631,1623,1750,4108,2682,7478,2864, 791,2714,2653,2334, 232,2416,  # 4278
+7479,2983,1498,7480,2654,2620, 755,1366,3641,3257,3126,2025,1609, 119,1917,3427,  # 4294
+ 862,1026,4109,7481,3904,3760,4362,3905,4363,2260,1951,2470,7482,1125, 817,4110,  # 4310
+4111,3906,1513,1766,2040,1487,4112,3030,3258,2824,3761,3127,7483,7484,1507,7485,  # 4326
+2683, 733,  40,1632,1106,2865, 345,4113, 841,2524, 230,4364,2984,1846,3259,3428,  # 4342
+7486,1263, 986,3429,7487, 735, 879, 254,1137, 857, 622,1300,1180,1388,1562,3907,  # 4358
+3908,2939, 967,2751,2655,1349, 592,2133,1692,3324,2985,1994,4114,1679,3909,1901,  # 4374
+2185,7488, 739,3642,2715,1296,1290,7489,4115,2198,2199,1921,1563,2595,2551,1870,  # 4390
+2752,2986,7490, 435,7491, 343,1108, 596,  17,1751,4365,2235,3430,3643,7492,4366,  # 4406
+ 294,3527,2940,1693, 477, 979, 281,2041,3528, 643,2042,3644,2621,2782,2261,1031,  # 4422
+2335,2134,2298,3529,4367, 367,1249,2552,7493,3530,7494,4368,1283,3325,2004, 240,  # 4438
+1762,3326,4369,4370, 836,1069,3128, 474,7495,2148,2525, 268,3531,7496,3188,1521,  # 4454
+1284,7497,1658,1546,4116,7498,3532,3533,7499,4117,3327,2684,1685,4118, 961,1673,  # 4470
+2622, 190,2005,2200,3762,4371,4372,7500, 570,2497,3645,1490,7501,4373,2623,3260,  # 4486
+1956,4374, 584,1514, 396,1045,1944,7502,4375,1967,2444,7503,7504,4376,3910, 619,  # 4502
+7505,3129,3261, 215,2006,2783,2553,3189,4377,3190,4378, 763,4119,3763,4379,7506,  # 4518
+7507,1957,1767,2941,3328,3646,1174, 452,1477,4380,3329,3130,7508,2825,1253,2382,  # 4534
+2186,1091,2285,4120, 492,7509, 638,1169,1824,2135,1752,3911, 648, 926,1021,1324,  # 4550
+4381, 520,4382, 997, 847,1007, 892,4383,3764,2262,1871,3647,7510,2400,1784,4384,  # 4566
+1952,2942,3080,3191,1728,4121,2043,3648,4385,2007,1701,3131,1551,  30,2263,4122,  # 4582
+7511,2026,4386,3534,7512, 501,7513,4123, 594,3431,2165,1821,3535,3432,3536,3192,  # 4598
+ 829,2826,4124,7514,1680,3132,1225,4125,7515,3262,4387,4126,3133,2336,7516,4388,  # 4614
+4127,7517,3912,3913,7518,1847,2383,2596,3330,7519,4389, 374,3914, 652,4128,4129,  # 4630
+ 375,1140, 798,7520,7521,7522,2361,4390,2264, 546,1659, 138,3031,2445,4391,7523,  # 4646
+2250, 612,1848, 910, 796,3765,1740,1371, 825,3766,3767,7524,2906,2554,7525, 692,  # 4662
+ 444,3032,2624, 801,4392,4130,7526,1491, 244,1053,3033,4131,4132, 340,7527,3915,  # 4678
+1041,2987, 293,1168,  87,1357,7528,1539, 959,7529,2236, 721, 694,4133,3768, 219,  # 4694
+1478, 644,1417,3331,2656,1413,1401,1335,1389,3916,7530,7531,2988,2362,3134,1825,  # 4710
+ 730,1515, 184,2827,  66,4393,7532,1660,2943, 246,3332, 378,1457, 226,3433, 975,  # 4726
+3917,2944,1264,3537, 674, 696,7533, 163,7534,1141,2417,2166, 713,3538,3333,4394,  # 4742
+3918,7535,7536,1186,  15,7537,1079,1070,7538,1522,3193,3539, 276,1050,2716, 758,  # 4758
+1126, 653,2945,3263,7539,2337, 889,3540,3919,3081,2989, 903,1250,4395,3920,3434,  # 4774
+3541,1342,1681,1718, 766,3264, 286,  89,2946,3649,7540,1713,7541,2597,3334,2990,  # 4790
+7542,2947,2215,3194,2866,7543,4396,2498,2526, 181, 387,1075,3921, 731,2187,3335,  # 4806
+7544,3265, 310, 313,3435,2299, 770,4134,  54,3034, 189,4397,3082,3769,3922,7545,  # 4822
+1230,1617,1849, 355,3542,4135,4398,3336, 111,4136,3650,1350,3135,3436,3035,4137,  # 4838
+2149,3266,3543,7546,2784,3923,3924,2991, 722,2008,7547,1071, 247,1207,2338,2471,  # 4854
+1378,4399,2009, 864,1437,1214,4400, 373,3770,1142,2216, 667,4401, 442,2753,2555,  # 4870
+3771,3925,1968,4138,3267,1839, 837, 170,1107, 934,1336,1882,7548,7549,2118,4139,  # 4886
+2828, 743,1569,7550,4402,4140, 582,2384,1418,3437,7551,1802,7552, 357,1395,1729,  # 4902
+3651,3268,2418,1564,2237,7553,3083,3772,1633,4403,1114,2085,4141,1532,7554, 482,  # 4918
+2446,4404,7555,7556,1492, 833,1466,7557,2717,3544,1641,2829,7558,1526,1272,3652,  # 4934
+4142,1686,1794, 416,2556,1902,1953,1803,7559,3773,2785,3774,1159,2316,7560,2867,  # 4950
+4405,1610,1584,3036,2419,2754, 443,3269,1163,3136,7561,7562,3926,7563,4143,2499,  # 4966
+3037,4406,3927,3137,2103,1647,3545,2010,1872,4144,7564,4145, 431,3438,7565, 250,  # 4982
+  97,  81,4146,7566,1648,1850,1558, 160, 848,7567, 866, 740,1694,7568,2201,2830,  # 4998
+3195,4147,4407,3653,1687, 950,2472, 426, 469,3196,3654,3655,3928,7569,7570,1188,  # 5014
+ 424,1995, 861,3546,4148,3775,2202,2685, 168,1235,3547,4149,7571,2086,1674,4408,  # 5030
+3337,3270, 220,2557,1009,7572,3776, 670,2992, 332,1208, 717,7573,7574,3548,2447,  # 5046
+3929,3338,7575, 513,7576,1209,2868,3339,3138,4409,1080,7577,7578,7579,7580,2527,  # 5062
+3656,3549, 815,1587,3930,3931,7581,3550,3439,3777,1254,4410,1328,3038,1390,3932,  # 5078
+1741,3933,3778,3934,7582, 236,3779,2448,3271,7583,7584,3657,3780,1273,3781,4411,  # 5094
+7585, 308,7586,4412, 245,4413,1851,2473,1307,2575, 430, 715,2136,2449,7587, 270,  # 5110
+ 199,2869,3935,7588,3551,2718,1753, 761,1754, 725,1661,1840,4414,3440,3658,7589,  # 5126
+7590, 587,  14,3272, 227,2598, 326, 480,2265, 943,2755,3552, 291, 650,1883,7591,  # 5142
+1702,1226, 102,1547,  62,3441, 904,4415,3442,1164,4150,7592,7593,1224,1548,2756,  # 5158
+ 391, 498,1493,7594,1386,1419,7595,2055,1177,4416, 813, 880,1081,2363, 566,1145,  # 5174
+4417,2286,1001,1035,2558,2599,2238, 394,1286,7596,7597,2068,7598,  86,1494,1730,  # 5190
+3936, 491,1588, 745, 897,2948, 843,3340,3937,2757,2870,3273,1768, 998,2217,2069,  # 5206
+ 397,1826,1195,1969,3659,2993,3341, 284,7599,3782,2500,2137,2119,1903,7600,3938,  # 5222
+2150,3939,4151,1036,3443,1904, 114,2559,4152, 209,1527,7601,7602,2949,2831,2625,  # 5238
+2385,2719,3139, 812,2560,7603,3274,7604,1559, 737,1884,3660,1210, 885,  28,2686,  # 5254
+3553,3783,7605,4153,1004,1779,4418,7606, 346,1981,2218,2687,4419,3784,1742, 797,  # 5270
+1642,3940,1933,1072,1384,2151, 896,3941,3275,3661,3197,2871,3554,7607,2561,1958,  # 5286
+4420,2450,1785,7608,7609,7610,3942,4154,1005,1308,3662,4155,2720,4421,4422,1528,  # 5302
+2600, 161,1178,4156,1982, 987,4423,1101,4157, 631,3943,1157,3198,2420,1343,1241,  # 5318
+1016,2239,2562, 372, 877,2339,2501,1160, 555,1934, 911,3944,7611, 466,1170, 169,  # 5334
+1051,2907,2688,3663,2474,2994,1182,2011,2563,1251,2626,7612, 992,2340,3444,1540,  # 5350
+2721,1201,2070,2401,1996,2475,7613,4424, 528,1922,2188,1503,1873,1570,2364,3342,  # 5366
+3276,7614, 557,1073,7615,1827,3445,2087,2266,3140,3039,3084, 767,3085,2786,4425,  # 5382
+1006,4158,4426,2341,1267,2176,3664,3199, 778,3945,3200,2722,1597,2657,7616,4427,  # 5398
+7617,3446,7618,7619,7620,3277,2689,1433,3278, 131,  95,1504,3946, 723,4159,3141,  # 5414
+1841,3555,2758,2189,3947,2027,2104,3665,7621,2995,3948,1218,7622,3343,3201,3949,  # 5430
+4160,2576, 248,1634,3785, 912,7623,2832,3666,3040,3786, 654,  53,7624,2996,7625,  # 5446
+1688,4428, 777,3447,1032,3950,1425,7626, 191, 820,2120,2833, 971,4429, 931,3202,  # 5462
+ 135, 664, 783,3787,1997, 772,2908,1935,3951,3788,4430,2909,3203, 282,2723, 640,  # 5478
+1372,3448,1127, 922, 325,3344,7627,7628, 711,2044,7629,7630,3952,2219,2787,1936,  # 5494
+3953,3345,2220,2251,3789,2300,7631,4431,3790,1258,3279,3954,3204,2138,2950,3955,  # 5510
+3956,7632,2221, 258,3205,4432, 101,1227,7633,3280,1755,7634,1391,3281,7635,2910,  # 5526
+2056, 893,7636,7637,7638,1402,4161,2342,7639,7640,3206,3556,7641,7642, 878,1325,  # 5542
+1780,2788,4433, 259,1385,2577, 744,1183,2267,4434,7643,3957,2502,7644, 684,1024,  # 5558
+4162,7645, 472,3557,3449,1165,3282,3958,3959, 322,2152, 881, 455,1695,1152,1340,  # 5574
+ 660, 554,2153,4435,1058,4436,4163, 830,1065,3346,3960,4437,1923,7646,1703,1918,  # 5590
+7647, 932,2268, 122,7648,4438, 947, 677,7649,3791,2627, 297,1905,1924,2269,4439,  # 5606
+2317,3283,7650,7651,4164,7652,4165,  84,4166, 112, 989,7653, 547,1059,3961, 701,  # 5622
+3558,1019,7654,4167,7655,3450, 942, 639, 457,2301,2451, 993,2951, 407, 851, 494,  # 5638
+4440,3347, 927,7656,1237,7657,2421,3348, 573,4168, 680, 921,2911,1279,1874, 285,  # 5654
+ 790,1448,1983, 719,2167,7658,7659,4441,3962,3963,1649,7660,1541, 563,7661,1077,  # 5670
+7662,3349,3041,3451, 511,2997,3964,3965,3667,3966,1268,2564,3350,3207,4442,4443,  # 5686
+7663, 535,1048,1276,1189,2912,2028,3142,1438,1373,2834,2952,1134,2012,7664,4169,  # 5702
+1238,2578,3086,1259,7665, 700,7666,2953,3143,3668,4170,7667,4171,1146,1875,1906,  # 5718
+4444,2601,3967, 781,2422, 132,1589, 203, 147, 273,2789,2402, 898,1786,2154,3968,  # 5734
+3969,7668,3792,2790,7669,7670,4445,4446,7671,3208,7672,1635,3793, 965,7673,1804,  # 5750
+2690,1516,3559,1121,1082,1329,3284,3970,1449,3794,  65,1128,2835,2913,2759,1590,  # 5766
+3795,7674,7675,  12,2658,  45, 976,2579,3144,4447, 517,2528,1013,1037,3209,7676,  # 5782
+3796,2836,7677,3797,7678,3452,7679,2602, 614,1998,2318,3798,3087,2724,2628,7680,  # 5798
+2580,4172, 599,1269,7681,1810,3669,7682,2691,3088, 759,1060, 489,1805,3351,3285,  # 5814
+1358,7683,7684,2386,1387,1215,2629,2252, 490,7685,7686,4173,1759,2387,2343,7687,  # 5830
+4448,3799,1907,3971,2630,1806,3210,4449,3453,3286,2760,2344, 874,7688,7689,3454,  # 5846
+3670,1858,  91,2914,3671,3042,3800,4450,7690,3145,3972,2659,7691,3455,1202,1403,  # 5862
+3801,2954,2529,1517,2503,4451,3456,2504,7692,4452,7693,2692,1885,1495,1731,3973,  # 5878
+2365,4453,7694,2029,7695,7696,3974,2693,1216, 237,2581,4174,2319,3975,3802,4454,  # 5894
+4455,2694,3560,3457, 445,4456,7697,7698,7699,7700,2761,  61,3976,3672,1822,3977,  # 5910
+7701, 687,2045, 935, 925, 405,2660, 703,1096,1859,2725,4457,3978,1876,1367,2695,  # 5926
+3352, 918,2105,1781,2476, 334,3287,1611,1093,4458, 564,3146,3458,3673,3353, 945,  # 5942
+2631,2057,4459,7702,1925, 872,4175,7703,3459,2696,3089, 349,4176,3674,3979,4460,  # 5958
+3803,4177,3675,2155,3980,4461,4462,4178,4463,2403,2046, 782,3981, 400, 251,4179,  # 5974
+1624,7704,7705, 277,3676, 299,1265, 476,1191,3804,2121,4180,4181,1109, 205,7706,  # 5990
+2582,1000,2156,3561,1860,7707,7708,7709,4464,7710,4465,2565, 107,2477,2157,3982,  # 6006
+3460,3147,7711,1533, 541,1301, 158, 753,4182,2872,3562,7712,1696, 370,1088,4183,  # 6022
+4466,3563, 579, 327, 440, 162,2240, 269,1937,1374,3461, 968,3043,  56,1396,3090,  # 6038
+2106,3288,3354,7713,1926,2158,4467,2998,7714,3564,7715,7716,3677,4468,2478,7717,  # 6054
+2791,7718,1650,4469,7719,2603,7720,7721,3983,2661,3355,1149,3356,3984,3805,3985,  # 6070
+7722,1076,  49,7723, 951,3211,3289,3290, 450,2837, 920,7724,1811,2792,2366,4184,  # 6086
+1908,1138,2367,3806,3462,7725,3212,4470,1909,1147,1518,2423,4471,3807,7726,4472,  # 6102
+2388,2604, 260,1795,3213,7727,7728,3808,3291, 708,7729,3565,1704,7730,3566,1351,  # 6118
+1618,3357,2999,1886, 944,4185,3358,4186,3044,3359,4187,7731,3678, 422, 413,1714,  # 6134
+3292, 500,2058,2345,4188,2479,7732,1344,1910, 954,7733,1668,7734,7735,3986,2404,  # 6150
+4189,3567,3809,4190,7736,2302,1318,2505,3091, 133,3092,2873,4473, 629,  31,2838,  # 6166
+2697,3810,4474, 850, 949,4475,3987,2955,1732,2088,4191,1496,1852,7737,3988, 620,  # 6182
+3214, 981,1242,3679,3360,1619,3680,1643,3293,2139,2452,1970,1719,3463,2168,7738,  # 6198
+3215,7739,7740,3361,1828,7741,1277,4476,1565,2047,7742,1636,3568,3093,7743, 869,  # 6214
+2839, 655,3811,3812,3094,3989,3000,3813,1310,3569,4477,7744,7745,7746,1733, 558,  # 6230
+4478,3681, 335,1549,3045,1756,4192,3682,1945,3464,1829,1291,1192, 470,2726,2107,  # 6246
+2793, 913,1054,3990,7747,1027,7748,3046,3991,4479, 982,2662,3362,3148,3465,3216,  # 6262
+3217,1946,2794,7749, 571,4480,7750,1830,7751,3570,2583,1523,2424,7752,2089, 984,  # 6278
+4481,3683,1959,7753,3684, 852, 923,2795,3466,3685, 969,1519, 999,2048,2320,1705,  # 6294
+7754,3095, 615,1662, 151, 597,3992,2405,2321,1049, 275,4482,3686,4193, 568,3687,  # 6310
+3571,2480,4194,3688,7755,2425,2270, 409,3218,7756,1566,2874,3467,1002, 769,2840,  # 6326
+ 194,2090,3149,3689,2222,3294,4195, 628,1505,7757,7758,1763,2177,3001,3993, 521,  # 6342
+1161,2584,1787,2203,2406,4483,3994,1625,4196,4197, 412,  42,3096, 464,7759,2632,  # 6358
+4484,3363,1760,1571,2875,3468,2530,1219,2204,3814,2633,2140,2368,4485,4486,3295,  # 6374
+1651,3364,3572,7760,7761,3573,2481,3469,7762,3690,7763,7764,2271,2091, 460,7765,  # 6390
+4487,7766,3002, 962, 588,3574, 289,3219,2634,1116,  52,7767,3047,1796,7768,7769,  # 6406
+7770,1467,7771,1598,1143,3691,4198,1984,1734,1067,4488,1280,3365, 465,4489,1572,  # 6422
+ 510,7772,1927,2241,1812,1644,3575,7773,4490,3692,7774,7775,2663,1573,1534,7776,  # 6438
+7777,4199, 536,1807,1761,3470,3815,3150,2635,7778,7779,7780,4491,3471,2915,1911,  # 6454
+2796,7781,3296,1122, 377,3220,7782, 360,7783,7784,4200,1529, 551,7785,2059,3693,  # 6470
+1769,2426,7786,2916,4201,3297,3097,2322,2108,2030,4492,1404, 136,1468,1479, 672,  # 6486
+1171,3221,2303, 271,3151,7787,2762,7788,2049, 678,2727, 865,1947,4493,7789,2013,  # 6502
+3995,2956,7790,2728,2223,1397,3048,3694,4494,4495,1735,2917,3366,3576,7791,3816,  # 6518
+ 509,2841,2453,2876,3817,7792,7793,3152,3153,4496,4202,2531,4497,2304,1166,1010,  # 6534
+ 552, 681,1887,7794,7795,2957,2958,3996,1287,1596,1861,3154, 358, 453, 736, 175,  # 6550
+ 478,1117, 905,1167,1097,7796,1853,1530,7797,1706,7798,2178,3472,2287,3695,3473,  # 6566
+3577,4203,2092,4204,7799,3367,1193,2482,4205,1458,2190,2205,1862,1888,1421,3298,  # 6582
+2918,3049,2179,3474, 595,2122,7800,3997,7801,7802,4206,1707,2636, 223,3696,1359,  # 6598
+ 751,3098, 183,3475,7803,2797,3003, 419,2369, 633, 704,3818,2389, 241,7804,7805,  # 6614
+7806, 838,3004,3697,2272,2763,2454,3819,1938,2050,3998,1309,3099,2242,1181,7807,  # 6630
+1136,2206,3820,2370,1446,4207,2305,4498,7808,7809,4208,1055,2605, 484,3698,7810,  # 6646
+3999, 625,4209,2273,3368,1499,4210,4000,7811,4001,4211,3222,2274,2275,3476,7812,  # 6662
+7813,2764, 808,2606,3699,3369,4002,4212,3100,2532, 526,3370,3821,4213, 955,7814,  # 6678
+1620,4214,2637,2427,7815,1429,3700,1669,1831, 994, 928,7816,3578,1260,7817,7818,  # 6694
+7819,1948,2288, 741,2919,1626,4215,2729,2455, 867,1184, 362,3371,1392,7820,7821,  # 6710
+4003,4216,1770,1736,3223,2920,4499,4500,1928,2698,1459,1158,7822,3050,3372,2877,  # 6726
+1292,1929,2506,2842,3701,1985,1187,2071,2014,2607,4217,7823,2566,2507,2169,3702,  # 6742
+2483,3299,7824,3703,4501,7825,7826, 666,1003,3005,1022,3579,4218,7827,4502,1813,  # 6758
+2253, 574,3822,1603, 295,1535, 705,3823,4219, 283, 858, 417,7828,7829,3224,4503,  # 6774
+4504,3051,1220,1889,1046,2276,2456,4004,1393,1599, 689,2567, 388,4220,7830,2484,  # 6790
+ 802,7831,2798,3824,2060,1405,2254,7832,4505,3825,2109,1052,1345,3225,1585,7833,  # 6806
+ 809,7834,7835,7836, 575,2730,3477, 956,1552,1469,1144,2323,7837,2324,1560,2457,  # 6822
+3580,3226,4005, 616,2207,3155,2180,2289,7838,1832,7839,3478,4506,7840,1319,3704,  # 6838
+3705,1211,3581,1023,3227,1293,2799,7841,7842,7843,3826, 607,2306,3827, 762,2878,  # 6854
+1439,4221,1360,7844,1485,3052,7845,4507,1038,4222,1450,2061,2638,4223,1379,4508,  # 6870
+2585,7846,7847,4224,1352,1414,2325,2921,1172,7848,7849,3828,3829,7850,1797,1451,  # 6886
+7851,7852,7853,7854,2922,4006,4007,2485,2346, 411,4008,4009,3582,3300,3101,4509,  # 6902
+1561,2664,1452,4010,1375,7855,7856,  47,2959, 316,7857,1406,1591,2923,3156,7858,  # 6918
+1025,2141,3102,3157, 354,2731, 884,2224,4225,2407, 508,3706, 726,3583, 996,2428,  # 6934
+3584, 729,7859, 392,2191,1453,4011,4510,3707,7860,7861,2458,3585,2608,1675,2800,  # 6950
+ 919,2347,2960,2348,1270,4511,4012,  73,7862,7863, 647,7864,3228,2843,2255,1550,  # 6966
+1346,3006,7865,1332, 883,3479,7866,7867,7868,7869,3301,2765,7870,1212, 831,1347,  # 6982
+4226,4512,2326,3830,1863,3053, 720,3831,4513,4514,3832,7871,4227,7872,7873,4515,  # 6998
+7874,7875,1798,4516,3708,2609,4517,3586,1645,2371,7876,7877,2924, 669,2208,2665,  # 7014
+2429,7878,2879,7879,7880,1028,3229,7881,4228,2408,7882,2256,1353,7883,7884,4518,  # 7030
+3158, 518,7885,4013,7886,4229,1960,7887,2142,4230,7888,7889,3007,2349,2350,3833,  # 7046
+ 516,1833,1454,4014,2699,4231,4519,2225,2610,1971,1129,3587,7890,2766,7891,2961,  # 7062
+1422, 577,1470,3008,1524,3373,7892,7893, 432,4232,3054,3480,7894,2586,1455,2508,  # 7078
+2226,1972,1175,7895,1020,2732,4015,3481,4520,7896,2733,7897,1743,1361,3055,3482,  # 7094
+2639,4016,4233,4521,2290, 895, 924,4234,2170, 331,2243,3056, 166,1627,3057,1098,  # 7110
+7898,1232,2880,2227,3374,4522, 657, 403,1196,2372, 542,3709,3375,1600,4235,3483,  # 7126
+7899,4523,2767,3230, 576, 530,1362,7900,4524,2533,2666,3710,4017,7901, 842,3834,  # 7142
+7902,2801,2031,1014,4018, 213,2700,3376, 665, 621,4236,7903,3711,2925,2430,7904,  # 7158
+2431,3302,3588,3377,7905,4237,2534,4238,4525,3589,1682,4239,3484,1380,7906, 724,  # 7174
+2277, 600,1670,7907,1337,1233,4526,3103,2244,7908,1621,4527,7909, 651,4240,7910,  # 7190
+1612,4241,2611,7911,2844,7912,2734,2307,3058,7913, 716,2459,3059, 174,1255,2701,  # 7206
+4019,3590, 548,1320,1398, 728,4020,1574,7914,1890,1197,3060,4021,7915,3061,3062,  # 7222
+3712,3591,3713, 747,7916, 635,4242,4528,7917,7918,7919,4243,7920,7921,4529,7922,  # 7238
+3378,4530,2432, 451,7923,3714,2535,2072,4244,2735,4245,4022,7924,1764,4531,7925,  # 7254
+4246, 350,7926,2278,2390,2486,7927,4247,4023,2245,1434,4024, 488,4532, 458,4248,  # 7270
+4025,3715, 771,1330,2391,3835,2568,3159,2159,2409,1553,2667,3160,4249,7928,2487,  # 7286
+2881,2612,1720,2702,4250,3379,4533,7929,2536,4251,7930,3231,4252,2768,7931,2015,  # 7302
+2736,7932,1155,1017,3716,3836,7933,3303,2308, 201,1864,4253,1430,7934,4026,7935,  # 7318
+7936,7937,7938,7939,4254,1604,7940, 414,1865, 371,2587,4534,4535,3485,2016,3104,  # 7334
+4536,1708, 960,4255, 887, 389,2171,1536,1663,1721,7941,2228,4027,2351,2926,1580,  # 7350
+7942,7943,7944,1744,7945,2537,4537,4538,7946,4539,7947,2073,7948,7949,3592,3380,  # 7366
+2882,4256,7950,4257,2640,3381,2802, 673,2703,2460, 709,3486,4028,3593,4258,7951,  # 7382
+1148, 502, 634,7952,7953,1204,4540,3594,1575,4541,2613,3717,7954,3718,3105, 948,  # 7398
+3232, 121,1745,3837,1110,7955,4259,3063,2509,3009,4029,3719,1151,1771,3838,1488,  # 7414
+4030,1986,7956,2433,3487,7957,7958,2093,7959,4260,3839,1213,1407,2803, 531,2737,  # 7430
+2538,3233,1011,1537,7960,2769,4261,3106,1061,7961,3720,3721,1866,2883,7962,2017,  # 7446
+ 120,4262,4263,2062,3595,3234,2309,3840,2668,3382,1954,4542,7963,7964,3488,1047,  # 7462
+2704,1266,7965,1368,4543,2845, 649,3383,3841,2539,2738,1102,2846,2669,7966,7967,  # 7478
+1999,7968,1111,3596,2962,7969,2488,3842,3597,2804,1854,3384,3722,7970,7971,3385,  # 7494
+2410,2884,3304,3235,3598,7972,2569,7973,3599,2805,4031,1460, 856,7974,3600,7975,  # 7510
+2885,2963,7976,2886,3843,7977,4264, 632,2510, 875,3844,1697,3845,2291,7978,7979,  # 7526
+4544,3010,1239, 580,4545,4265,7980, 914, 936,2074,1190,4032,1039,2123,7981,7982,  # 7542
+7983,3386,1473,7984,1354,4266,3846,7985,2172,3064,4033, 915,3305,4267,4268,3306,  # 7558
+1605,1834,7986,2739, 398,3601,4269,3847,4034, 328,1912,2847,4035,3848,1331,4270,  # 7574
+3011, 937,4271,7987,3602,4036,4037,3387,2160,4546,3388, 524, 742, 538,3065,1012,  # 7590
+7988,7989,3849,2461,7990, 658,1103, 225,3850,7991,7992,4547,7993,4548,7994,3236,  # 7606
+1243,7995,4038, 963,2246,4549,7996,2705,3603,3161,7997,7998,2588,2327,7999,4550,  # 7622
+8000,8001,8002,3489,3307, 957,3389,2540,2032,1930,2927,2462, 870,2018,3604,1746,  # 7638
+2770,2771,2434,2463,8003,3851,8004,3723,3107,3724,3490,3390,3725,8005,1179,3066,  # 7654
+8006,3162,2373,4272,3726,2541,3163,3108,2740,4039,8007,3391,1556,2542,2292, 977,  # 7670
+2887,2033,4040,1205,3392,8008,1765,3393,3164,2124,1271,1689, 714,4551,3491,8009,  # 7686
+2328,3852, 533,4273,3605,2181, 617,8010,2464,3308,3492,2310,8011,8012,3165,8013,  # 7702
+8014,3853,1987, 618, 427,2641,3493,3394,8015,8016,1244,1690,8017,2806,4274,4552,  # 7718
+8018,3494,8019,8020,2279,1576, 473,3606,4275,3395, 972,8021,3607,8022,3067,8023,  # 7734
+8024,4553,4554,8025,3727,4041,4042,8026, 153,4555, 356,8027,1891,2888,4276,2143,  # 7750
+ 408, 803,2352,8028,3854,8029,4277,1646,2570,2511,4556,4557,3855,8030,3856,4278,  # 7766
+8031,2411,3396, 752,8032,8033,1961,2964,8034, 746,3012,2465,8035,4279,3728, 698,  # 7782
+4558,1892,4280,3608,2543,4559,3609,3857,8036,3166,3397,8037,1823,1302,4043,2706,  # 7798
+3858,1973,4281,8038,4282,3167, 823,1303,1288,1236,2848,3495,4044,3398, 774,3859,  # 7814
+8039,1581,4560,1304,2849,3860,4561,8040,2435,2161,1083,3237,4283,4045,4284, 344,  # 7830
+1173, 288,2311, 454,1683,8041,8042,1461,4562,4046,2589,8043,8044,4563, 985, 894,  # 7846
+8045,3399,3168,8046,1913,2928,3729,1988,8047,2110,1974,8048,4047,8049,2571,1194,  # 7862
+ 425,8050,4564,3169,1245,3730,4285,8051,8052,2850,8053, 636,4565,1855,3861, 760,  # 7878
+1799,8054,4286,2209,1508,4566,4048,1893,1684,2293,8055,8056,8057,4287,4288,2210,  # 7894
+ 479,8058,8059, 832,8060,4049,2489,8061,2965,2490,3731, 990,3109, 627,1814,2642,  # 7910
+4289,1582,4290,2125,2111,3496,4567,8062, 799,4291,3170,8063,4568,2112,1737,3013,  # 7926
+1018, 543, 754,4292,3309,1676,4569,4570,4050,8064,1489,8065,3497,8066,2614,2889,  # 7942
+4051,8067,8068,2966,8069,8070,8071,8072,3171,4571,4572,2182,1722,8073,3238,3239,  # 7958
+1842,3610,1715, 481, 365,1975,1856,8074,8075,1962,2491,4573,8076,2126,3611,3240,  # 7974
+ 433,1894,2063,2075,8077, 602,2741,8078,8079,8080,8081,8082,3014,1628,3400,8083,  # 7990
+3172,4574,4052,2890,4575,2512,8084,2544,2772,8085,8086,8087,3310,4576,2891,8088,  # 8006
+4577,8089,2851,4578,4579,1221,2967,4053,2513,8090,8091,8092,1867,1989,8093,8094,  # 8022
+8095,1895,8096,8097,4580,1896,4054, 318,8098,2094,4055,4293,8099,8100, 485,8101,  # 8038
+ 938,3862, 553,2670, 116,8102,3863,3612,8103,3498,2671,2773,3401,3311,2807,8104,  # 8054
+3613,2929,4056,1747,2930,2968,8105,8106, 207,8107,8108,2672,4581,2514,8109,3015,  # 8070
+ 890,3614,3864,8110,1877,3732,3402,8111,2183,2353,3403,1652,8112,8113,8114, 941,  # 8086
+2294, 208,3499,4057,2019, 330,4294,3865,2892,2492,3733,4295,8115,8116,8117,8118,  # 8102
+)
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euctwprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euctwprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35669cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/euctwprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .mbcharsetprober import MultiByteCharSetProber
+from .codingstatemachine import CodingStateMachine
+from .chardistribution import EUCTWDistributionAnalysis
+from .mbcssm import EUCTW_SM_MODEL
+
+class EUCTWProber(MultiByteCharSetProber):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(EUCTWProber, self).__init__()
+        self.coding_sm = CodingStateMachine(EUCTW_SM_MODEL)
+        self.distribution_analyzer = EUCTWDistributionAnalysis()
+        self.reset()
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return "EUC-TW"
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return "Taiwan"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/gb2312freq.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/gb2312freq.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..697837b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/gb2312freq.py
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+# GB2312 most frequently used character table
+#
+# Char to FreqOrder table , from hz6763
+
+# 512  --> 0.79  -- 0.79
+# 1024 --> 0.92  -- 0.13
+# 2048 --> 0.98  -- 0.06
+# 6768 --> 1.00  -- 0.02
+#
+# Ideal Distribution Ratio = 0.79135/(1-0.79135) = 3.79
+# Random Distribution Ration = 512 / (3755 - 512) = 0.157
+#
+# Typical Distribution Ratio about 25% of Ideal one, still much higher that RDR
+
+GB2312_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO = 0.9
+
+GB2312_TABLE_SIZE = 3760
+
+GB2312_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER = (
+1671, 749,1443,2364,3924,3807,2330,3921,1704,3463,2691,1511,1515, 572,3191,2205,
+2361, 224,2558, 479,1711, 963,3162, 440,4060,1905,2966,2947,3580,2647,3961,3842,
+2204, 869,4207, 970,2678,5626,2944,2956,1479,4048, 514,3595, 588,1346,2820,3409,
+ 249,4088,1746,1873,2047,1774, 581,1813, 358,1174,3590,1014,1561,4844,2245, 670,
+1636,3112, 889,1286, 953, 556,2327,3060,1290,3141, 613, 185,3477,1367, 850,3820,
+1715,2428,2642,2303,2732,3041,2562,2648,3566,3946,1349, 388,3098,2091,1360,3585,
+ 152,1687,1539, 738,1559,  59,1232,2925,2267,1388,1249,1741,1679,2960, 151,1566,
+1125,1352,4271, 924,4296, 385,3166,4459, 310,1245,2850,  70,3285,2729,3534,3575,
+2398,3298,3466,1960,2265, 217,3647, 864,1909,2084,4401,2773,1010,3269,5152, 853,
+3051,3121,1244,4251,1895, 364,1499,1540,2313,1180,3655,2268, 562, 715,2417,3061,
+ 544, 336,3768,2380,1752,4075, 950, 280,2425,4382, 183,2759,3272, 333,4297,2155,
+1688,2356,1444,1039,4540, 736,1177,3349,2443,2368,2144,2225, 565, 196,1482,3406,
+ 927,1335,4147, 692, 878,1311,1653,3911,3622,1378,4200,1840,2969,3149,2126,1816,
+2534,1546,2393,2760, 737,2494,  13, 447, 245,2747,  38,2765,2129,2589,1079, 606,
+ 360, 471,3755,2890, 404, 848, 699,1785,1236, 370,2221,1023,3746,2074,2026,2023,
+2388,1581,2119, 812,1141,3091,2536,1519, 804,2053, 406,1596,1090, 784, 548,4414,
+1806,2264,2936,1100, 343,4114,5096, 622,3358, 743,3668,1510,1626,5020,3567,2513,
+3195,4115,5627,2489,2991,  24,2065,2697,1087,2719,  48,1634, 315,  68, 985,2052,
+ 198,2239,1347,1107,1439, 597,2366,2172, 871,3307, 919,2487,2790,1867, 236,2570,
+1413,3794, 906,3365,3381,1701,1982,1818,1524,2924,1205, 616,2586,2072,2004, 575,
+ 253,3099,  32,1365,1182, 197,1714,2454,1201, 554,3388,3224,2748, 756,2587, 250,
+2567,1507,1517,3529,1922,2761,2337,3416,1961,1677,2452,2238,3153, 615, 911,1506,
+1474,2495,1265,1906,2749,3756,3280,2161, 898,2714,1759,3450,2243,2444, 563,  26,
+3286,2266,3769,3344,2707,3677, 611,1402, 531,1028,2871,4548,1375, 261,2948, 835,
+1190,4134, 353, 840,2684,1900,3082,1435,2109,1207,1674, 329,1872,2781,4055,2686,
+2104, 608,3318,2423,2957,2768,1108,3739,3512,3271,3985,2203,1771,3520,1418,2054,
+1681,1153, 225,1627,2929, 162,2050,2511,3687,1954, 124,1859,2431,1684,3032,2894,
+ 585,4805,3969,2869,2704,2088,2032,2095,3656,2635,4362,2209, 256, 518,2042,2105,
+3777,3657, 643,2298,1148,1779, 190, 989,3544, 414,  11,2135,2063,2979,1471, 403,
+3678, 126, 770,1563, 671,2499,3216,2877, 600,1179, 307,2805,4937,1268,1297,2694,
+ 252,4032,1448,1494,1331,1394, 127,2256, 222,1647,1035,1481,3056,1915,1048, 873,
+3651, 210,  33,1608,2516, 200,1520, 415, 102,   0,3389,1287, 817,  91,3299,2940,
+ 836,1814, 549,2197,1396,1669,2987,3582,2297,2848,4528,1070, 687,  20,1819, 121,
+1552,1364,1461,1968,2617,3540,2824,2083, 177, 948,4938,2291, 110,4549,2066, 648,
+3359,1755,2110,2114,4642,4845,1693,3937,3308,1257,1869,2123, 208,1804,3159,2992,
+2531,2549,3361,2418,1350,2347,2800,2568,1291,2036,2680,  72, 842,1990, 212,1233,
+1154,1586,  75,2027,3410,4900,1823,1337,2710,2676, 728,2810,1522,3026,4995, 157,
+ 755,1050,4022, 710, 785,1936,2194,2085,1406,2777,2400, 150,1250,4049,1206, 807,
+1910, 534, 529,3309,1721,1660, 274,  39,2827, 661,2670,1578, 925,3248,3815,1094,
+4278,4901,4252,  41,1150,3747,2572,2227,4501,3658,4902,3813,3357,3617,2884,2258,
+ 887, 538,4187,3199,1294,2439,3042,2329,2343,2497,1255, 107, 543,1527, 521,3478,
+3568, 194,5062,  15, 961,3870,1241,1192,2664,  66,5215,3260,2111,1295,1127,2152,
+3805,4135, 901,1164,1976, 398,1278, 530,1460, 748, 904,1054,1966,1426,  53,2909,
+ 509, 523,2279,1534, 536,1019, 239,1685, 460,2353, 673,1065,2401,3600,4298,2272,
+1272,2363, 284,1753,3679,4064,1695,  81, 815,2677,2757,2731,1386, 859, 500,4221,
+2190,2566, 757,1006,2519,2068,1166,1455, 337,2654,3203,1863,1682,1914,3025,1252,
+1409,1366, 847, 714,2834,2038,3209, 964,2970,1901, 885,2553,1078,1756,3049, 301,
+1572,3326, 688,2130,1996,2429,1805,1648,2930,3421,2750,3652,3088, 262,1158,1254,
+ 389,1641,1812, 526,1719, 923,2073,1073,1902, 468, 489,4625,1140, 857,2375,3070,
+3319,2863, 380, 116,1328,2693,1161,2244, 273,1212,1884,2769,3011,1775,1142, 461,
+3066,1200,2147,2212, 790, 702,2695,4222,1601,1058, 434,2338,5153,3640,  67,2360,
+4099,2502, 618,3472,1329, 416,1132, 830,2782,1807,2653,3211,3510,1662, 192,2124,
+ 296,3979,1739,1611,3684,  23, 118, 324, 446,1239,1225, 293,2520,3814,3795,2535,
+3116,  17,1074, 467,2692,2201, 387,2922,  45,1326,3055,1645,3659,2817, 958, 243,
+1903,2320,1339,2825,1784,3289, 356, 576, 865,2315,2381,3377,3916,1088,3122,1713,
+1655, 935, 628,4689,1034,1327, 441, 800, 720, 894,1979,2183,1528,5289,2702,1071,
+4046,3572,2399,1571,3281,  79, 761,1103, 327, 134, 758,1899,1371,1615, 879, 442,
+ 215,2605,2579, 173,2048,2485,1057,2975,3317,1097,2253,3801,4263,1403,1650,2946,
+ 814,4968,3487,1548,2644,1567,1285,   2, 295,2636,  97, 946,3576, 832, 141,4257,
+3273, 760,3821,3521,3156,2607, 949,1024,1733,1516,1803,1920,2125,2283,2665,3180,
+1501,2064,3560,2171,1592, 803,3518,1416, 732,3897,4258,1363,1362,2458, 119,1427,
+ 602,1525,2608,1605,1639,3175, 694,3064,  10, 465,  76,2000,4846,4208, 444,3781,
+1619,3353,2206,1273,3796, 740,2483, 320,1723,2377,3660,2619,1359,1137,1762,1724,
+2345,2842,1850,1862, 912, 821,1866, 612,2625,1735,2573,3369,1093, 844,  89, 937,
+ 930,1424,3564,2413,2972,1004,3046,3019,2011, 711,3171,1452,4178, 428, 801,1943,
+ 432, 445,2811, 206,4136,1472, 730, 349,  73, 397,2802,2547, 998,1637,1167, 789,
+ 396,3217, 154,1218, 716,1120,1780,2819,4826,1931,3334,3762,2139,1215,2627, 552,
+3664,3628,3232,1405,2383,3111,1356,2652,3577,3320,3101,1703, 640,1045,1370,1246,
+4996, 371,1575,2436,1621,2210, 984,4033,1734,2638,  16,4529, 663,2755,3255,1451,
+3917,2257,1253,1955,2234,1263,2951, 214,1229, 617, 485, 359,1831,1969, 473,2310,
+ 750,2058, 165,  80,2864,2419, 361,4344,2416,2479,1134, 796,3726,1266,2943, 860,
+2715, 938, 390,2734,1313,1384, 248, 202, 877,1064,2854, 522,3907, 279,1602, 297,
+2357, 395,3740, 137,2075, 944,4089,2584,1267,3802,  62,1533,2285, 178, 176, 780,
+2440, 201,3707, 590, 478,1560,4354,2117,1075,  30,  74,4643,4004,1635,1441,2745,
+ 776,2596, 238,1077,1692,1912,2844, 605, 499,1742,3947, 241,3053, 980,1749, 936,
+2640,4511,2582, 515,1543,2162,5322,2892,2993, 890,2148,1924, 665,1827,3581,1032,
+ 968,3163, 339,1044,1896, 270, 583,1791,1720,4367,1194,3488,3669,  43,2523,1657,
+ 163,2167, 290,1209,1622,3378, 550, 634,2508,2510, 695,2634,2384,2512,1476,1414,
+ 220,1469,2341,2138,2852,3183,2900,4939,2865,3502,1211,3680, 854,3227,1299,2976,
+3172, 186,2998,1459, 443,1067,3251,1495, 321,1932,3054, 909, 753,1410,1828, 436,
+2441,1119,1587,3164,2186,1258, 227, 231,1425,1890,3200,3942, 247, 959, 725,5254,
+2741, 577,2158,2079, 929, 120, 174, 838,2813, 591,1115, 417,2024,  40,3240,1536,
+1037, 291,4151,2354, 632,1298,2406,2500,3535,1825,1846,3451, 205,1171, 345,4238,
+  18,1163, 811, 685,2208,1217, 425,1312,1508,1175,4308,2552,1033, 587,1381,3059,
+2984,3482, 340,1316,4023,3972, 792,3176, 519, 777,4690, 918, 933,4130,2981,3741,
+  90,3360,2911,2200,5184,4550, 609,3079,2030, 272,3379,2736, 363,3881,1130,1447,
+ 286, 779, 357,1169,3350,3137,1630,1220,2687,2391, 747,1277,3688,2618,2682,2601,
+1156,3196,5290,4034,3102,1689,3596,3128, 874, 219,2783, 798, 508,1843,2461, 269,
+1658,1776,1392,1913,2983,3287,2866,2159,2372, 829,4076,  46,4253,2873,1889,1894,
+ 915,1834,1631,2181,2318, 298, 664,2818,3555,2735, 954,3228,3117, 527,3511,2173,
+ 681,2712,3033,2247,2346,3467,1652, 155,2164,3382, 113,1994, 450, 899, 494, 994,
+1237,2958,1875,2336,1926,3727, 545,1577,1550, 633,3473, 204,1305,3072,2410,1956,
+2471, 707,2134, 841,2195,2196,2663,3843,1026,4940, 990,3252,4997, 368,1092, 437,
+3212,3258,1933,1829, 675,2977,2893, 412, 943,3723,4644,3294,3283,2230,2373,5154,
+2389,2241,2661,2323,1404,2524, 593, 787, 677,3008,1275,2059, 438,2709,2609,2240,
+2269,2246,1446,  36,1568,1373,3892,1574,2301,1456,3962, 693,2276,5216,2035,1143,
+2720,1919,1797,1811,2763,4137,2597,1830,1699,1488,1198,2090, 424,1694, 312,3634,
+3390,4179,3335,2252,1214, 561,1059,3243,2295,2561, 975,5155,2321,2751,3772, 472,
+1537,3282,3398,1047,2077,2348,2878,1323,3340,3076, 690,2906,  51, 369, 170,3541,
+1060,2187,2688,3670,2541,1083,1683, 928,3918, 459, 109,4427, 599,3744,4286, 143,
+2101,2730,2490,  82,1588,3036,2121, 281,1860, 477,4035,1238,2812,3020,2716,3312,
+1530,2188,2055,1317, 843, 636,1808,1173,3495, 649, 181,1002, 147,3641,1159,2414,
+3750,2289,2795, 813,3123,2610,1136,4368,   5,3391,4541,2174, 420, 429,1728, 754,
+1228,2115,2219, 347,2223,2733, 735,1518,3003,2355,3134,1764,3948,3329,1888,2424,
+1001,1234,1972,3321,3363,1672,1021,1450,1584, 226, 765, 655,2526,3404,3244,2302,
+3665, 731, 594,2184, 319,1576, 621, 658,2656,4299,2099,3864,1279,2071,2598,2739,
+ 795,3086,3699,3908,1707,2352,2402,1382,3136,2475,1465,4847,3496,3865,1085,3004,
+2591,1084, 213,2287,1963,3565,2250, 822, 793,4574,3187,1772,1789,3050, 595,1484,
+1959,2770,1080,2650, 456, 422,2996, 940,3322,4328,4345,3092,2742, 965,2784, 739,
+4124, 952,1358,2498,2949,2565, 332,2698,2378, 660,2260,2473,4194,3856,2919, 535,
+1260,2651,1208,1428,1300,1949,1303,2942, 433,2455,2450,1251,1946, 614,1269, 641,
+1306,1810,2737,3078,2912, 564,2365,1419,1415,1497,4460,2367,2185,1379,3005,1307,
+3218,2175,1897,3063, 682,1157,4040,4005,1712,1160,1941,1399, 394, 402,2952,1573,
+1151,2986,2404, 862, 299,2033,1489,3006, 346, 171,2886,3401,1726,2932, 168,2533,
+  47,2507,1030,3735,1145,3370,1395,1318,1579,3609,4560,2857,4116,1457,2529,1965,
+ 504,1036,2690,2988,2405, 745,5871, 849,2397,2056,3081, 863,2359,3857,2096,  99,
+1397,1769,2300,4428,1643,3455,1978,1757,3718,1440,  35,4879,3742,1296,4228,2280,
+ 160,5063,1599,2013, 166, 520,3479,1646,3345,3012, 490,1937,1545,1264,2182,2505,
+1096,1188,1369,1436,2421,1667,2792,2460,1270,2122, 727,3167,2143, 806,1706,1012,
+1800,3037, 960,2218,1882, 805, 139,2456,1139,1521, 851,1052,3093,3089, 342,2039,
+ 744,5097,1468,1502,1585,2087, 223, 939, 326,2140,2577, 892,2481,1623,4077, 982,
+3708, 135,2131,  87,2503,3114,2326,1106, 876,1616, 547,2997,2831,2093,3441,4530,
+4314,   9,3256,4229,4148, 659,1462,1986,1710,2046,2913,2231,4090,4880,5255,3392,
+3274,1368,3689,4645,1477, 705,3384,3635,1068,1529,2941,1458,3782,1509, 100,1656,
+2548, 718,2339, 408,1590,2780,3548,1838,4117,3719,1345,3530, 717,3442,2778,3220,
+2898,1892,4590,3614,3371,2043,1998,1224,3483, 891, 635, 584,2559,3355, 733,1766,
+1729,1172,3789,1891,2307, 781,2982,2271,1957,1580,5773,2633,2005,4195,3097,1535,
+3213,1189,1934,5693,3262, 586,3118,1324,1598, 517,1564,2217,1868,1893,4445,3728,
+2703,3139,1526,1787,1992,3882,2875,1549,1199,1056,2224,1904,2711,5098,4287, 338,
+1993,3129,3489,2689,1809,2815,1997, 957,1855,3898,2550,3275,3057,1105,1319, 627,
+1505,1911,1883,3526, 698,3629,3456,1833,1431, 746,  77,1261,2017,2296,1977,1885,
+ 125,1334,1600, 525,1798,1109,2222,1470,1945, 559,2236,1186,3443,2476,1929,1411,
+2411,3135,1777,3372,2621,1841,1613,3229, 668,1430,1839,2643,2916, 195,1989,2671,
+2358,1387, 629,3205,2293,5256,4439, 123,1310, 888,1879,4300,3021,3605,1003,1162,
+3192,2910,2010, 140,2395,2859,  55,1082,2012,2901, 662, 419,2081,1438, 680,2774,
+4654,3912,1620,1731,1625,5035,4065,2328, 512,1344, 802,5443,2163,2311,2537, 524,
+3399,  98,1155,2103,1918,2606,3925,2816,1393,2465,1504,3773,2177,3963,1478,4346,
+ 180,1113,4655,3461,2028,1698, 833,2696,1235,1322,1594,4408,3623,3013,3225,2040,
+3022, 541,2881, 607,3632,2029,1665,1219, 639,1385,1686,1099,2803,3231,1938,3188,
+2858, 427, 676,2772,1168,2025, 454,3253,2486,3556, 230,1950, 580, 791,1991,1280,
+1086,1974,2034, 630, 257,3338,2788,4903,1017,  86,4790, 966,2789,1995,1696,1131,
+ 259,3095,4188,1308, 179,1463,5257, 289,4107,1248,  42,3413,1725,2288, 896,1947,
+ 774,4474,4254, 604,3430,4264, 392,2514,2588, 452, 237,1408,3018, 988,4531,1970,
+3034,3310, 540,2370,1562,1288,2990, 502,4765,1147,   4,1853,2708, 207, 294,2814,
+4078,2902,2509, 684,  34,3105,3532,2551, 644, 709,2801,2344, 573,1727,3573,3557,
+2021,1081,3100,4315,2100,3681, 199,2263,1837,2385, 146,3484,1195,2776,3949, 997,
+1939,3973,1008,1091,1202,1962,1847,1149,4209,5444,1076, 493, 117,5400,2521, 972,
+1490,2934,1796,4542,2374,1512,2933,2657, 413,2888,1135,2762,2314,2156,1355,2369,
+ 766,2007,2527,2170,3124,2491,2593,2632,4757,2437, 234,3125,3591,1898,1750,1376,
+1942,3468,3138, 570,2127,2145,3276,4131, 962, 132,1445,4196,  19, 941,3624,3480,
+3366,1973,1374,4461,3431,2629, 283,2415,2275, 808,2887,3620,2112,2563,1353,3610,
+ 955,1089,3103,1053,  96,  88,4097, 823,3808,1583, 399, 292,4091,3313, 421,1128,
+ 642,4006, 903,2539,1877,2082, 596,  29,4066,1790, 722,2157, 130, 995,1569, 769,
+1485, 464, 513,2213, 288,1923,1101,2453,4316, 133, 486,2445,  50, 625, 487,2207,
+  57, 423, 481,2962, 159,3729,1558, 491, 303, 482, 501, 240,2837, 112,3648,2392,
+1783, 362,   8,3433,3422, 610,2793,3277,1390,1284,1654,  21,3823, 734, 367, 623,
+ 193, 287, 374,1009,1483, 816, 476, 313,2255,2340,1262,2150,2899,1146,2581, 782,
+2116,1659,2018,1880, 255,3586,3314,1110,2867,2137,2564, 986,2767,5185,2006, 650,
+ 158, 926, 762, 881,3157,2717,2362,3587, 306,3690,3245,1542,3077,2427,1691,2478,
+2118,2985,3490,2438, 539,2305, 983, 129,1754, 355,4201,2386, 827,2923, 104,1773,
+2838,2771, 411,2905,3919, 376, 767, 122,1114, 828,2422,1817,3506, 266,3460,1007,
+1609,4998, 945,2612,4429,2274, 726,1247,1964,2914,2199,2070,4002,4108, 657,3323,
+1422, 579, 455,2764,4737,1222,2895,1670, 824,1223,1487,2525, 558, 861,3080, 598,
+2659,2515,1967, 752,2583,2376,2214,4180, 977, 704,2464,4999,2622,4109,1210,2961,
+ 819,1541, 142,2284,  44, 418, 457,1126,3730,4347,4626,1644,1876,3671,1864, 302,
+1063,5694, 624, 723,1984,3745,1314,1676,2488,1610,1449,3558,3569,2166,2098, 409,
+1011,2325,3704,2306, 818,1732,1383,1824,1844,3757, 999,2705,3497,1216,1423,2683,
+2426,2954,2501,2726,2229,1475,2554,5064,1971,1794,1666,2014,1343, 783, 724, 191,
+2434,1354,2220,5065,1763,2752,2472,4152, 131, 175,2885,3434,  92,1466,4920,2616,
+3871,3872,3866, 128,1551,1632, 669,1854,3682,4691,4125,1230, 188,2973,3290,1302,
+1213, 560,3266, 917, 763,3909,3249,1760, 868,1958, 764,1782,2097, 145,2277,3774,
+4462,  64,1491,3062, 971,2132,3606,2442, 221,1226,1617, 218, 323,1185,3207,3147,
+ 571, 619,1473,1005,1744,2281, 449,1887,2396,3685, 275, 375,3816,1743,3844,3731,
+ 845,1983,2350,4210,1377, 773, 967,3499,3052,3743,2725,4007,1697,1022,3943,1464,
+3264,2855,2722,1952,1029,2839,2467,  84,4383,2215, 820,1391,2015,2448,3672, 377,
+1948,2168, 797,2545,3536,2578,2645,  94,2874,1678, 405,1259,3071, 771, 546,1315,
+ 470,1243,3083, 895,2468, 981, 969,2037, 846,4181, 653,1276,2928,  14,2594, 557,
+3007,2474, 156, 902,1338,1740,2574, 537,2518, 973,2282,2216,2433,1928, 138,2903,
+1293,2631,1612, 646,3457, 839,2935, 111, 496,2191,2847, 589,3186, 149,3994,2060,
+4031,2641,4067,3145,1870,  37,3597,2136,1025,2051,3009,3383,3549,1121,1016,3261,
+1301, 251,2446,2599,2153, 872,3246, 637, 334,3705, 831, 884, 921,3065,3140,4092,
+2198,1944, 246,2964, 108,2045,1152,1921,2308,1031, 203,3173,4170,1907,3890, 810,
+1401,2003,1690, 506, 647,1242,2828,1761,1649,3208,2249,1589,3709,2931,5156,1708,
+ 498, 666,2613, 834,3817,1231, 184,2851,1124, 883,3197,2261,3710,1765,1553,2658,
+1178,2639,2351,  93,1193, 942,2538,2141,4402, 235,1821, 870,1591,2192,1709,1871,
+3341,1618,4126,2595,2334, 603, 651,  69, 701, 268,2662,3411,2555,1380,1606, 503,
+ 448, 254,2371,2646, 574,1187,2309,1770, 322,2235,1292,1801, 305, 566,1133, 229,
+2067,2057, 706, 167, 483,2002,2672,3295,1820,3561,3067, 316, 378,2746,3452,1112,
+ 136,1981, 507,1651,2917,1117, 285,4591, 182,2580,3522,1304, 335,3303,1835,2504,
+1795,1792,2248, 674,1018,2106,2449,1857,2292,2845, 976,3047,1781,2600,2727,1389,
+1281,  52,3152, 153, 265,3950, 672,3485,3951,4463, 430,1183, 365, 278,2169,  27,
+1407,1336,2304, 209,1340,1730,2202,1852,2403,2883, 979,1737,1062, 631,2829,2542,
+3876,2592, 825,2086,2226,3048,3625, 352,1417,3724, 542, 991, 431,1351,3938,1861,
+2294, 826,1361,2927,3142,3503,1738, 463,2462,2723, 582,1916,1595,2808, 400,3845,
+3891,2868,3621,2254,  58,2492,1123, 910,2160,2614,1372,1603,1196,1072,3385,1700,
+3267,1980, 696, 480,2430, 920, 799,1570,2920,1951,2041,4047,2540,1321,4223,2469,
+3562,2228,1271,2602, 401,2833,3351,2575,5157, 907,2312,1256, 410, 263,3507,1582,
+ 996, 678,1849,2316,1480, 908,3545,2237, 703,2322, 667,1826,2849,1531,2604,2999,
+2407,3146,2151,2630,1786,3711, 469,3542, 497,3899,2409, 858, 837,4446,3393,1274,
+ 786, 620,1845,2001,3311, 484, 308,3367,1204,1815,3691,2332,1532,2557,1842,2020,
+2724,1927,2333,4440, 567,  22,1673,2728,4475,1987,1858,1144,1597, 101,1832,3601,
+  12, 974,3783,4391, 951,1412,   1,3720, 453,4608,4041, 528,1041,1027,3230,2628,
+1129, 875,1051,3291,1203,2262,1069,2860,2799,2149,2615,3278, 144,1758,3040,  31,
+ 475,1680, 366,2685,3184, 311,1642,4008,2466,5036,1593,1493,2809, 216,1420,1668,
+ 233, 304,2128,3284, 232,1429,1768,1040,2008,3407,2740,2967,2543, 242,2133, 778,
+1565,2022,2620, 505,2189,2756,1098,2273, 372,1614, 708, 553,2846,2094,2278, 169,
+3626,2835,4161, 228,2674,3165, 809,1454,1309, 466,1705,1095, 900,3423, 880,2667,
+3751,5258,2317,3109,2571,4317,2766,1503,1342, 866,4447,1118,  63,2076, 314,1881,
+1348,1061, 172, 978,3515,1747, 532, 511,3970,   6, 601, 905,2699,3300,1751, 276,
+1467,3725,2668,  65,4239,2544,2779,2556,1604, 578,2451,1802, 992,2331,2624,1320,
+3446, 713,1513,1013, 103,2786,2447,1661, 886,1702, 916, 654,3574,2031,1556, 751,
+2178,2821,2179,1498,1538,2176, 271, 914,2251,2080,1325, 638,1953,2937,3877,2432,
+2754,  95,3265,1716, 260,1227,4083, 775, 106,1357,3254, 426,1607, 555,2480, 772,
+1985, 244,2546, 474, 495,1046,2611,1851,2061,  71,2089,1675,2590, 742,3758,2843,
+3222,1433, 267,2180,2576,2826,2233,2092,3913,2435, 956,1745,3075, 856,2113,1116,
+ 451,   3,1988,2896,1398, 993,2463,1878,2049,1341,2718,2721,2870,2108, 712,2904,
+4363,2753,2324, 277,2872,2349,2649, 384, 987, 435, 691,3000, 922, 164,3939, 652,
+1500,1184,4153,2482,3373,2165,4848,2335,3775,3508,3154,2806,2830,1554,2102,1664,
+2530,1434,2408, 893,1547,2623,3447,2832,2242,2532,3169,2856,3223,2078,  49,3770,
+3469, 462, 318, 656,2259,3250,3069, 679,1629,2758, 344,1138,1104,3120,1836,1283,
+3115,2154,1437,4448, 934, 759,1999, 794,2862,1038, 533,2560,1722,2342, 855,2626,
+1197,1663,4476,3127,  85,4240,2528,  25,1111,1181,3673, 407,3470,4561,2679,2713,
+ 768,1925,2841,3986,1544,1165, 932, 373,1240,2146,1930,2673, 721,4766, 354,4333,
+ 391,2963, 187,  61,3364,1442,1102, 330,1940,1767, 341,3809,4118, 393,2496,2062,
+2211, 105, 331, 300, 439, 913,1332, 626, 379,3304,1557, 328, 689,3952, 309,1555,
+ 931, 317,2517,3027, 325, 569, 686,2107,3084,  60,1042,1333,2794, 264,3177,4014,
+1628, 258,3712,   7,4464,1176,1043,1778, 683, 114,1975,  78,1492, 383,1886, 510,
+ 386, 645,5291,2891,2069,3305,4138,3867,2939,2603,2493,1935,1066,1848,3588,1015,
+1282,1289,4609, 697,1453,3044,2666,3611,1856,2412,  54, 719,1330, 568,3778,2459,
+1748, 788, 492, 551,1191,1000, 488,3394,3763, 282,1799, 348,2016,1523,3155,2390,
+1049, 382,2019,1788,1170, 729,2968,3523, 897,3926,2785,2938,3292, 350,2319,3238,
+1718,1717,2655,3453,3143,4465, 161,2889,2980,2009,1421,  56,1908,1640,2387,2232,
+1917,1874,2477,4921, 148,  83,3438, 592,4245,2882,1822,1055, 741, 115,1496,1624,
+ 381,1638,4592,1020, 516,3214, 458, 947,4575,1432, 211,1514,2926,1865,2142, 189,
+ 852,1221,1400,1486, 882,2299,4036, 351,  28,1122, 700,6479,6480,6481,6482,6483,  #last 512
+)
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/gb2312prober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/gb2312prober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8446d2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/gb2312prober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .mbcharsetprober import MultiByteCharSetProber
+from .codingstatemachine import CodingStateMachine
+from .chardistribution import GB2312DistributionAnalysis
+from .mbcssm import GB2312_SM_MODEL
+
+class GB2312Prober(MultiByteCharSetProber):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(GB2312Prober, self).__init__()
+        self.coding_sm = CodingStateMachine(GB2312_SM_MODEL)
+        self.distribution_analyzer = GB2312DistributionAnalysis()
+        self.reset()
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return "GB2312"
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return "Chinese"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/hebrewprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/hebrewprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0e1bf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/hebrewprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Universal charset detector code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+#          Shy Shalom
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2005
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .charsetprober import CharSetProber
+from .enums import ProbingState
+
+# This prober doesn't actually recognize a language or a charset.
+# It is a helper prober for the use of the Hebrew model probers
+
+### General ideas of the Hebrew charset recognition ###
+#
+# Four main charsets exist in Hebrew:
+# "ISO-8859-8" - Visual Hebrew
+# "windows-1255" - Logical Hebrew
+# "ISO-8859-8-I" - Logical Hebrew
+# "x-mac-hebrew" - ?? Logical Hebrew ??
+#
+# Both "ISO" charsets use a completely identical set of code points, whereas
+# "windows-1255" and "x-mac-hebrew" are two different proper supersets of
+# these code points. windows-1255 defines additional characters in the range
+# 0x80-0x9F as some misc punctuation marks as well as some Hebrew-specific
+# diacritics and additional 'Yiddish' ligature letters in the range 0xc0-0xd6.
+# x-mac-hebrew defines similar additional code points but with a different
+# mapping.
+#
+# As far as an average Hebrew text with no diacritics is concerned, all four
+# charsets are identical with respect to code points. Meaning that for the
+# main Hebrew alphabet, all four map the same values to all 27 Hebrew letters
+# (including final letters).
+#
+# The dominant difference between these charsets is their directionality.
+# "Visual" directionality means that the text is ordered as if the renderer is
+# not aware of a BIDI rendering algorithm. The renderer sees the text and
+# draws it from left to right. The text itself when ordered naturally is read
+# backwards. A buffer of Visual Hebrew generally looks like so:
+# "[last word of first line spelled backwards] [whole line ordered backwards
+# and spelled backwards] [first word of first line spelled backwards]
+# [end of line] [last word of second line] ... etc' "
+# adding punctuation marks, numbers and English text to visual text is
+# naturally also "visual" and from left to right.
+#
+# "Logical" directionality means the text is ordered "naturally" according to
+# the order it is read. It is the responsibility of the renderer to display
+# the text from right to left. A BIDI algorithm is used to place general
+# punctuation marks, numbers and English text in the text.
+#
+# Texts in x-mac-hebrew are almost impossible to find on the Internet. From
+# what little evidence I could find, it seems that its general directionality
+# is Logical.
+#
+# To sum up all of the above, the Hebrew probing mechanism knows about two
+# charsets:
+# Visual Hebrew - "ISO-8859-8" - backwards text - Words and sentences are
+#    backwards while line order is natural. For charset recognition purposes
+#    the line order is unimportant (In fact, for this implementation, even
+#    word order is unimportant).
+# Logical Hebrew - "windows-1255" - normal, naturally ordered text.
+#
+# "ISO-8859-8-I" is a subset of windows-1255 and doesn't need to be
+#    specifically identified.
+# "x-mac-hebrew" is also identified as windows-1255. A text in x-mac-hebrew
+#    that contain special punctuation marks or diacritics is displayed with
+#    some unconverted characters showing as question marks. This problem might
+#    be corrected using another model prober for x-mac-hebrew. Due to the fact
+#    that x-mac-hebrew texts are so rare, writing another model prober isn't
+#    worth the effort and performance hit.
+#
+#### The Prober ####
+#
+# The prober is divided between two SBCharSetProbers and a HebrewProber,
+# all of which are managed, created, fed data, inquired and deleted by the
+# SBCSGroupProber. The two SBCharSetProbers identify that the text is in
+# fact some kind of Hebrew, Logical or Visual. The final decision about which
+# one is it is made by the HebrewProber by combining final-letter scores
+# with the scores of the two SBCharSetProbers to produce a final answer.
+#
+# The SBCSGroupProber is responsible for stripping the original text of HTML
+# tags, English characters, numbers, low-ASCII punctuation characters, spaces
+# and new lines. It reduces any sequence of such characters to a single space.
+# The buffer fed to each prober in the SBCS group prober is pure text in
+# high-ASCII.
+# The two SBCharSetProbers (model probers) share the same language model:
+# Win1255Model.
+# The first SBCharSetProber uses the model normally as any other
+# SBCharSetProber does, to recognize windows-1255, upon which this model was
+# built. The second SBCharSetProber is told to make the pair-of-letter
+# lookup in the language model backwards. This in practice exactly simulates
+# a visual Hebrew model using the windows-1255 logical Hebrew model.
+#
+# The HebrewProber is not using any language model. All it does is look for
+# final-letter evidence suggesting the text is either logical Hebrew or visual
+# Hebrew. Disjointed from the model probers, the results of the HebrewProber
+# alone are meaningless. HebrewProber always returns 0.00 as confidence
+# since it never identifies a charset by itself. Instead, the pointer to the
+# HebrewProber is passed to the model probers as a helper "Name Prober".
+# When the Group prober receives a positive identification from any prober,
+# it asks for the name of the charset identified. If the prober queried is a
+# Hebrew model prober, the model prober forwards the call to the
+# HebrewProber to make the final decision. In the HebrewProber, the
+# decision is made according to the final-letters scores maintained and Both
+# model probers scores. The answer is returned in the form of the name of the
+# charset identified, either "windows-1255" or "ISO-8859-8".
+
+class HebrewProber(CharSetProber):
+    # windows-1255 / ISO-8859-8 code points of interest
+    FINAL_KAF = 0xea
+    NORMAL_KAF = 0xeb
+    FINAL_MEM = 0xed
+    NORMAL_MEM = 0xee
+    FINAL_NUN = 0xef
+    NORMAL_NUN = 0xf0
+    FINAL_PE = 0xf3
+    NORMAL_PE = 0xf4
+    FINAL_TSADI = 0xf5
+    NORMAL_TSADI = 0xf6
+
+    # Minimum Visual vs Logical final letter score difference.
+    # If the difference is below this, don't rely solely on the final letter score
+    # distance.
+    MIN_FINAL_CHAR_DISTANCE = 5
+
+    # Minimum Visual vs Logical model score difference.
+    # If the difference is below this, don't rely at all on the model score
+    # distance.
+    MIN_MODEL_DISTANCE = 0.01
+
+    VISUAL_HEBREW_NAME = "ISO-8859-8"
+    LOGICAL_HEBREW_NAME = "windows-1255"
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(HebrewProber, self).__init__()
+        self._final_char_logical_score = None
+        self._final_char_visual_score = None
+        self._prev = None
+        self._before_prev = None
+        self._logical_prober = None
+        self._visual_prober = None
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self._final_char_logical_score = 0
+        self._final_char_visual_score = 0
+        # The two last characters seen in the previous buffer,
+        # mPrev and mBeforePrev are initialized to space in order to simulate
+        # a word delimiter at the beginning of the data
+        self._prev = ' '
+        self._before_prev = ' '
+        # These probers are owned by the group prober.
+
+    def set_model_probers(self, logicalProber, visualProber):
+        self._logical_prober = logicalProber
+        self._visual_prober = visualProber
+
+    def is_final(self, c):
+        return c in [self.FINAL_KAF, self.FINAL_MEM, self.FINAL_NUN,
+                     self.FINAL_PE, self.FINAL_TSADI]
+
+    def is_non_final(self, c):
+        # The normal Tsadi is not a good Non-Final letter due to words like
+        # 'lechotet' (to chat) containing an apostrophe after the tsadi. This
+        # apostrophe is converted to a space in FilterWithoutEnglishLetters
+        # causing the Non-Final tsadi to appear at an end of a word even
+        # though this is not the case in the original text.
+        # The letters Pe and Kaf rarely display a related behavior of not being
+        # a good Non-Final letter. Words like 'Pop', 'Winamp' and 'Mubarak'
+        # for example legally end with a Non-Final Pe or Kaf. However, the
+        # benefit of these letters as Non-Final letters outweighs the damage
+        # since these words are quite rare.
+        return c in [self.NORMAL_KAF, self.NORMAL_MEM,
+                     self.NORMAL_NUN, self.NORMAL_PE]
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        # Final letter analysis for logical-visual decision.
+        # Look for evidence that the received buffer is either logical Hebrew
+        # or visual Hebrew.
+        # The following cases are checked:
+        # 1) A word longer than 1 letter, ending with a final letter. This is
+        #    an indication that the text is laid out "naturally" since the
+        #    final letter really appears at the end. +1 for logical score.
+        # 2) A word longer than 1 letter, ending with a Non-Final letter. In
+        #    normal Hebrew, words ending with Kaf, Mem, Nun, Pe or Tsadi,
+        #    should not end with the Non-Final form of that letter. Exceptions
+        #    to this rule are mentioned above in isNonFinal(). This is an
+        #    indication that the text is laid out backwards. +1 for visual
+        #    score
+        # 3) A word longer than 1 letter, starting with a final letter. Final
+        #    letters should not appear at the beginning of a word. This is an
+        #    indication that the text is laid out backwards. +1 for visual
+        #    score.
+        #
+        # The visual score and logical score are accumulated throughout the
+        # text and are finally checked against each other in GetCharSetName().
+        # No checking for final letters in the middle of words is done since
+        # that case is not an indication for either Logical or Visual text.
+        #
+        # We automatically filter out all 7-bit characters (replace them with
+        # spaces) so the word boundary detection works properly. [MAP]
+
+        if self.state == ProbingState.NOT_ME:
+            # Both model probers say it's not them. No reason to continue.
+            return ProbingState.NOT_ME
+
+        byte_str = self.filter_high_byte_only(byte_str)
+
+        for cur in byte_str:
+            if cur == ' ':
+                # We stand on a space - a word just ended
+                if self._before_prev != ' ':
+                    # next-to-last char was not a space so self._prev is not a
+                    # 1 letter word
+                    if self.is_final(self._prev):
+                        # case (1) [-2:not space][-1:final letter][cur:space]
+                        self._final_char_logical_score += 1
+                    elif self.is_non_final(self._prev):
+                        # case (2) [-2:not space][-1:Non-Final letter][
+                        #  cur:space]
+                        self._final_char_visual_score += 1
+            else:
+                # Not standing on a space
+                if ((self._before_prev == ' ') and
+                        (self.is_final(self._prev)) and (cur != ' ')):
+                    # case (3) [-2:space][-1:final letter][cur:not space]
+                    self._final_char_visual_score += 1
+            self._before_prev = self._prev
+            self._prev = cur
+
+        # Forever detecting, till the end or until both model probers return
+        # ProbingState.NOT_ME (handled above)
+        return ProbingState.DETECTING
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        # Make the decision: is it Logical or Visual?
+        # If the final letter score distance is dominant enough, rely on it.
+        finalsub = self._final_char_logical_score - self._final_char_visual_score
+        if finalsub >= self.MIN_FINAL_CHAR_DISTANCE:
+            return self.LOGICAL_HEBREW_NAME
+        if finalsub <= -self.MIN_FINAL_CHAR_DISTANCE:
+            return self.VISUAL_HEBREW_NAME
+
+        # It's not dominant enough, try to rely on the model scores instead.
+        modelsub = (self._logical_prober.get_confidence()
+                    - self._visual_prober.get_confidence())
+        if modelsub > self.MIN_MODEL_DISTANCE:
+            return self.LOGICAL_HEBREW_NAME
+        if modelsub < -self.MIN_MODEL_DISTANCE:
+            return self.VISUAL_HEBREW_NAME
+
+        # Still no good, back to final letter distance, maybe it'll save the
+        # day.
+        if finalsub < 0.0:
+            return self.VISUAL_HEBREW_NAME
+
+        # (finalsub > 0 - Logical) or (don't know what to do) default to
+        # Logical.
+        return self.LOGICAL_HEBREW_NAME
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return 'Hebrew'
+
+    @property
+    def state(self):
+        # Remain active as long as any of the model probers are active.
+        if (self._logical_prober.state == ProbingState.NOT_ME) and \
+           (self._visual_prober.state == ProbingState.NOT_ME):
+            return ProbingState.NOT_ME
+        return ProbingState.DETECTING
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/jisfreq.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/jisfreq.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83fc082
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/jisfreq.py
@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+# Sampling from about 20M text materials include literature and computer technology
+#
+# Japanese frequency table, applied to both S-JIS and EUC-JP
+# They are sorted in order.
+
+# 128  --> 0.77094
+# 256  --> 0.85710
+# 512  --> 0.92635
+# 1024 --> 0.97130
+# 2048 --> 0.99431
+#
+# Ideal Distribution Ratio = 0.92635 / (1-0.92635) = 12.58
+# Random Distribution Ration = 512 / (2965+62+83+86-512) = 0.191
+#
+# Typical Distribution Ratio, 25% of IDR
+
+JIS_TYPICAL_DISTRIBUTION_RATIO = 3.0
+
+# Char to FreqOrder table ,
+JIS_TABLE_SIZE = 4368
+
+JIS_CHAR_TO_FREQ_ORDER = (
+  40,   1,   6, 182, 152, 180, 295,2127, 285, 381,3295,4304,3068,4606,3165,3510, #   16
+3511,1822,2785,4607,1193,2226,5070,4608, 171,2996,1247,  18, 179,5071, 856,1661, #   32
+1262,5072, 619, 127,3431,3512,3230,1899,1700, 232, 228,1294,1298, 284, 283,2041, #   48
+2042,1061,1062,  48,  49,  44,  45, 433, 434,1040,1041, 996, 787,2997,1255,4305, #   64
+2108,4609,1684,1648,5073,5074,5075,5076,5077,5078,3687,5079,4610,5080,3927,3928, #   80
+5081,3296,3432, 290,2285,1471,2187,5082,2580,2825,1303,2140,1739,1445,2691,3375, #   96
+1691,3297,4306,4307,4611, 452,3376,1182,2713,3688,3069,4308,5083,5084,5085,5086, #  112
+5087,5088,5089,5090,5091,5092,5093,5094,5095,5096,5097,5098,5099,5100,5101,5102, #  128
+5103,5104,5105,5106,5107,5108,5109,5110,5111,5112,4097,5113,5114,5115,5116,5117, #  144
+5118,5119,5120,5121,5122,5123,5124,5125,5126,5127,5128,5129,5130,5131,5132,5133, #  160
+5134,5135,5136,5137,5138,5139,5140,5141,5142,5143,5144,5145,5146,5147,5148,5149, #  176
+5150,5151,5152,4612,5153,5154,5155,5156,5157,5158,5159,5160,5161,5162,5163,5164, #  192
+5165,5166,5167,5168,5169,5170,5171,5172,5173,5174,5175,1472, 598, 618, 820,1205, #  208
+1309,1412,1858,1307,1692,5176,5177,5178,5179,5180,5181,5182,1142,1452,1234,1172, #  224
+1875,2043,2149,1793,1382,2973, 925,2404,1067,1241, 960,1377,2935,1491, 919,1217, #  240
+1865,2030,1406,1499,2749,4098,5183,5184,5185,5186,5187,5188,2561,4099,3117,1804, #  256
+2049,3689,4309,3513,1663,5189,3166,3118,3298,1587,1561,3433,5190,3119,1625,2998, #  272
+3299,4613,1766,3690,2786,4614,5191,5192,5193,5194,2161,  26,3377,   2,3929,  20, #  288
+3691,  47,4100,  50,  17,  16,  35, 268,  27, 243,  42, 155,  24, 154,  29, 184, #  304
+   4,  91,  14,  92,  53, 396,  33, 289,   9,  37,  64, 620,  21,  39, 321,   5, #  320
+  12,  11,  52,  13,   3, 208, 138,   0,   7,  60, 526, 141, 151,1069, 181, 275, #  336
+1591,  83, 132,1475, 126, 331, 829,  15,  69, 160,  59,  22, 157,  55,1079, 312, #  352
+ 109,  38,  23,  25,  10,  19,  79,5195,  61, 382,1124,   8,  30,5196,5197,5198, #  368
+5199,5200,5201,5202,5203,5204,5205,5206,  89,  62,  74,  34,2416, 112, 139, 196, #  384
+ 271, 149,  84, 607, 131, 765,  46,  88, 153, 683,  76, 874, 101, 258,  57,  80, #  400
+  32, 364, 121,1508, 169,1547,  68, 235, 145,2999,  41, 360,3027,  70,  63,  31, #  416
+  43, 259, 262,1383,  99, 533, 194,  66,  93, 846, 217, 192,  56, 106,  58, 565, #  432
+ 280, 272, 311, 256, 146,  82, 308,  71, 100, 128, 214, 655, 110, 261, 104,1140, #  448
+  54,  51,  36,  87,  67,3070, 185,2618,2936,2020,  28,1066,2390,2059,5207,5208, #  464
+5209,5210,5211,5212,5213,5214,5215,5216,4615,5217,5218,5219,5220,5221,5222,5223, #  480
+5224,5225,5226,5227,5228,5229,5230,5231,5232,5233,5234,5235,5236,3514,5237,5238, #  496
+5239,5240,5241,5242,5243,5244,2297,2031,4616,4310,3692,5245,3071,5246,3598,5247, #  512
+4617,3231,3515,5248,4101,4311,4618,3808,4312,4102,5249,4103,4104,3599,5250,5251, #  528
+5252,5253,5254,5255,5256,5257,5258,5259,5260,5261,5262,5263,5264,5265,5266,5267, #  544
+5268,5269,5270,5271,5272,5273,5274,5275,5276,5277,5278,5279,5280,5281,5282,5283, #  560
+5284,5285,5286,5287,5288,5289,5290,5291,5292,5293,5294,5295,5296,5297,5298,5299, #  576
+5300,5301,5302,5303,5304,5305,5306,5307,5308,5309,5310,5311,5312,5313,5314,5315, #  592
+5316,5317,5318,5319,5320,5321,5322,5323,5324,5325,5326,5327,5328,5329,5330,5331, #  608
+5332,5333,5334,5335,5336,5337,5338,5339,5340,5341,5342,5343,5344,5345,5346,5347, #  624
+5348,5349,5350,5351,5352,5353,5354,5355,5356,5357,5358,5359,5360,5361,5362,5363, #  640
+5364,5365,5366,5367,5368,5369,5370,5371,5372,5373,5374,5375,5376,5377,5378,5379, #  656
+5380,5381, 363, 642,2787,2878,2788,2789,2316,3232,2317,3434,2011, 165,1942,3930, #  672
+3931,3932,3933,5382,4619,5383,4620,5384,5385,5386,5387,5388,5389,5390,5391,5392, #  688
+5393,5394,5395,5396,5397,5398,5399,5400,5401,5402,5403,5404,5405,5406,5407,5408, #  704
+5409,5410,5411,5412,5413,5414,5415,5416,5417,5418,5419,5420,5421,5422,5423,5424, #  720
+5425,5426,5427,5428,5429,5430,5431,5432,5433,5434,5435,5436,5437,5438,5439,5440, #  736
+5441,5442,5443,5444,5445,5446,5447,5448,5449,5450,5451,5452,5453,5454,5455,5456, #  752
+5457,5458,5459,5460,5461,5462,5463,5464,5465,5466,5467,5468,5469,5470,5471,5472, #  768
+5473,5474,5475,5476,5477,5478,5479,5480,5481,5482,5483,5484,5485,5486,5487,5488, #  784
+5489,5490,5491,5492,5493,5494,5495,5496,5497,5498,5499,5500,5501,5502,5503,5504, #  800
+5505,5506,5507,5508,5509,5510,5511,5512,5513,5514,5515,5516,5517,5518,5519,5520, #  816
+5521,5522,5523,5524,5525,5526,5527,5528,5529,5530,5531,5532,5533,5534,5535,5536, #  832
+5537,5538,5539,5540,5541,5542,5543,5544,5545,5546,5547,5548,5549,5550,5551,5552, #  848
+5553,5554,5555,5556,5557,5558,5559,5560,5561,5562,5563,5564,5565,5566,5567,5568, #  864
+5569,5570,5571,5572,5573,5574,5575,5576,5577,5578,5579,5580,5581,5582,5583,5584, #  880
+5585,5586,5587,5588,5589,5590,5591,5592,5593,5594,5595,5596,5597,5598,5599,5600, #  896
+5601,5602,5603,5604,5605,5606,5607,5608,5609,5610,5611,5612,5613,5614,5615,5616, #  912
+5617,5618,5619,5620,5621,5622,5623,5624,5625,5626,5627,5628,5629,5630,5631,5632, #  928
+5633,5634,5635,5636,5637,5638,5639,5640,5641,5642,5643,5644,5645,5646,5647,5648, #  944
+5649,5650,5651,5652,5653,5654,5655,5656,5657,5658,5659,5660,5661,5662,5663,5664, #  960
+5665,5666,5667,5668,5669,5670,5671,5672,5673,5674,5675,5676,5677,5678,5679,5680, #  976
+5681,5682,5683,5684,5685,5686,5687,5688,5689,5690,5691,5692,5693,5694,5695,5696, #  992
+5697,5698,5699,5700,5701,5702,5703,5704,5705,5706,5707,5708,5709,5710,5711,5712, # 1008
+5713,5714,5715,5716,5717,5718,5719,5720,5721,5722,5723,5724,5725,5726,5727,5728, # 1024
+5729,5730,5731,5732,5733,5734,5735,5736,5737,5738,5739,5740,5741,5742,5743,5744, # 1040
+5745,5746,5747,5748,5749,5750,5751,5752,5753,5754,5755,5756,5757,5758,5759,5760, # 1056
+5761,5762,5763,5764,5765,5766,5767,5768,5769,5770,5771,5772,5773,5774,5775,5776, # 1072
+5777,5778,5779,5780,5781,5782,5783,5784,5785,5786,5787,5788,5789,5790,5791,5792, # 1088
+5793,5794,5795,5796,5797,5798,5799,5800,5801,5802,5803,5804,5805,5806,5807,5808, # 1104
+5809,5810,5811,5812,5813,5814,5815,5816,5817,5818,5819,5820,5821,5822,5823,5824, # 1120
+5825,5826,5827,5828,5829,5830,5831,5832,5833,5834,5835,5836,5837,5838,5839,5840, # 1136
+5841,5842,5843,5844,5845,5846,5847,5848,5849,5850,5851,5852,5853,5854,5855,5856, # 1152
+5857,5858,5859,5860,5861,5862,5863,5864,5865,5866,5867,5868,5869,5870,5871,5872, # 1168
+5873,5874,5875,5876,5877,5878,5879,5880,5881,5882,5883,5884,5885,5886,5887,5888, # 1184
+5889,5890,5891,5892,5893,5894,5895,5896,5897,5898,5899,5900,5901,5902,5903,5904, # 1200
+5905,5906,5907,5908,5909,5910,5911,5912,5913,5914,5915,5916,5917,5918,5919,5920, # 1216
+5921,5922,5923,5924,5925,5926,5927,5928,5929,5930,5931,5932,5933,5934,5935,5936, # 1232
+5937,5938,5939,5940,5941,5942,5943,5944,5945,5946,5947,5948,5949,5950,5951,5952, # 1248
+5953,5954,5955,5956,5957,5958,5959,5960,5961,5962,5963,5964,5965,5966,5967,5968, # 1264
+5969,5970,5971,5972,5973,5974,5975,5976,5977,5978,5979,5980,5981,5982,5983,5984, # 1280
+5985,5986,5987,5988,5989,5990,5991,5992,5993,5994,5995,5996,5997,5998,5999,6000, # 1296
+6001,6002,6003,6004,6005,6006,6007,6008,6009,6010,6011,6012,6013,6014,6015,6016, # 1312
+6017,6018,6019,6020,6021,6022,6023,6024,6025,6026,6027,6028,6029,6030,6031,6032, # 1328
+6033,6034,6035,6036,6037,6038,6039,6040,6041,6042,6043,6044,6045,6046,6047,6048, # 1344
+6049,6050,6051,6052,6053,6054,6055,6056,6057,6058,6059,6060,6061,6062,6063,6064, # 1360
+6065,6066,6067,6068,6069,6070,6071,6072,6073,6074,6075,6076,6077,6078,6079,6080, # 1376
+6081,6082,6083,6084,6085,6086,6087,6088,6089,6090,6091,6092,6093,6094,6095,6096, # 1392
+6097,6098,6099,6100,6101,6102,6103,6104,6105,6106,6107,6108,6109,6110,6111,6112, # 1408
+6113,6114,2044,2060,4621, 997,1235, 473,1186,4622, 920,3378,6115,6116, 379,1108, # 1424
+4313,2657,2735,3934,6117,3809, 636,3233, 573,1026,3693,3435,2974,3300,2298,4105, # 1440
+ 854,2937,2463, 393,2581,2417, 539, 752,1280,2750,2480, 140,1161, 440, 708,1569, # 1456
+ 665,2497,1746,1291,1523,3000, 164,1603, 847,1331, 537,1997, 486, 508,1693,2418, # 1472
+1970,2227, 878,1220, 299,1030, 969, 652,2751, 624,1137,3301,2619,  65,3302,2045, # 1488
+1761,1859,3120,1930,3694,3516, 663,1767, 852, 835,3695, 269, 767,2826,2339,1305, # 1504
+ 896,1150, 770,1616,6118, 506,1502,2075,1012,2519, 775,2520,2975,2340,2938,4314, # 1520
+3028,2086,1224,1943,2286,6119,3072,4315,2240,1273,1987,3935,1557, 175, 597, 985, # 1536
+3517,2419,2521,1416,3029, 585, 938,1931,1007,1052,1932,1685,6120,3379,4316,4623, # 1552
+ 804, 599,3121,1333,2128,2539,1159,1554,2032,3810, 687,2033,2904, 952, 675,1467, # 1568
+3436,6121,2241,1096,1786,2440,1543,1924, 980,1813,2228, 781,2692,1879, 728,1918, # 1584
+3696,4624, 548,1950,4625,1809,1088,1356,3303,2522,1944, 502, 972, 373, 513,2827, # 1600
+ 586,2377,2391,1003,1976,1631,6122,2464,1084, 648,1776,4626,2141, 324, 962,2012, # 1616
+2177,2076,1384, 742,2178,1448,1173,1810, 222, 102, 301, 445, 125,2420, 662,2498, # 1632
+ 277, 200,1476,1165,1068, 224,2562,1378,1446, 450,1880, 659, 791, 582,4627,2939, # 1648
+3936,1516,1274, 555,2099,3697,1020,1389,1526,3380,1762,1723,1787,2229, 412,2114, # 1664
+1900,2392,3518, 512,2597, 427,1925,2341,3122,1653,1686,2465,2499, 697, 330, 273, # 1680
+ 380,2162, 951, 832, 780, 991,1301,3073, 965,2270,3519, 668,2523,2636,1286, 535, # 1696
+1407, 518, 671, 957,2658,2378, 267, 611,2197,3030,6123, 248,2299, 967,1799,2356, # 1712
+ 850,1418,3437,1876,1256,1480,2828,1718,6124,6125,1755,1664,2405,6126,4628,2879, # 1728
+2829, 499,2179, 676,4629, 557,2329,2214,2090, 325,3234, 464, 811,3001, 992,2342, # 1744
+2481,1232,1469, 303,2242, 466,1070,2163, 603,1777,2091,4630,2752,4631,2714, 322, # 1760
+2659,1964,1768, 481,2188,1463,2330,2857,3600,2092,3031,2421,4632,2318,2070,1849, # 1776
+2598,4633,1302,2254,1668,1701,2422,3811,2905,3032,3123,2046,4106,1763,1694,4634, # 1792
+1604, 943,1724,1454, 917, 868,2215,1169,2940, 552,1145,1800,1228,1823,1955, 316, # 1808
+1080,2510, 361,1807,2830,4107,2660,3381,1346,1423,1134,4108,6127, 541,1263,1229, # 1824
+1148,2540, 545, 465,1833,2880,3438,1901,3074,2482, 816,3937, 713,1788,2500, 122, # 1840
+1575, 195,1451,2501,1111,6128, 859, 374,1225,2243,2483,4317, 390,1033,3439,3075, # 1856
+2524,1687, 266, 793,1440,2599, 946, 779, 802, 507, 897,1081, 528,2189,1292, 711, # 1872
+1866,1725,1167,1640, 753, 398,2661,1053, 246, 348,4318, 137,1024,3440,1600,2077, # 1888
+2129, 825,4319, 698, 238, 521, 187,2300,1157,2423,1641,1605,1464,1610,1097,2541, # 1904
+1260,1436, 759,2255,1814,2150, 705,3235, 409,2563,3304, 561,3033,2005,2564, 726, # 1920
+1956,2343,3698,4109, 949,3812,3813,3520,1669, 653,1379,2525, 881,2198, 632,2256, # 1936
+1027, 778,1074, 733,1957, 514,1481,2466, 554,2180, 702,3938,1606,1017,1398,6129, # 1952
+1380,3521, 921, 993,1313, 594, 449,1489,1617,1166, 768,1426,1360, 495,1794,3601, # 1968
+1177,3602,1170,4320,2344, 476, 425,3167,4635,3168,1424, 401,2662,1171,3382,1998, # 1984
+1089,4110, 477,3169, 474,6130,1909, 596,2831,1842, 494, 693,1051,1028,1207,3076, # 2000
+ 606,2115, 727,2790,1473,1115, 743,3522, 630, 805,1532,4321,2021, 366,1057, 838, # 2016
+ 684,1114,2142,4322,2050,1492,1892,1808,2271,3814,2424,1971,1447,1373,3305,1090, # 2032
+1536,3939,3523,3306,1455,2199, 336, 369,2331,1035, 584,2393, 902, 718,2600,6131, # 2048
+2753, 463,2151,1149,1611,2467, 715,1308,3124,1268, 343,1413,3236,1517,1347,2663, # 2064
+2093,3940,2022,1131,1553,2100,2941,1427,3441,2942,1323,2484,6132,1980, 872,2368, # 2080
+2441,2943, 320,2369,2116,1082, 679,1933,3941,2791,3815, 625,1143,2023, 422,2200, # 2096
+3816,6133, 730,1695, 356,2257,1626,2301,2858,2637,1627,1778, 937, 883,2906,2693, # 2112
+3002,1769,1086, 400,1063,1325,3307,2792,4111,3077, 456,2345,1046, 747,6134,1524, # 2128
+ 884,1094,3383,1474,2164,1059, 974,1688,2181,2258,1047, 345,1665,1187, 358, 875, # 2144
+3170, 305, 660,3524,2190,1334,1135,3171,1540,1649,2542,1527, 927, 968,2793, 885, # 2160
+1972,1850, 482, 500,2638,1218,1109,1085,2543,1654,2034, 876,  78,2287,1482,1277, # 2176
+ 861,1675,1083,1779, 724,2754, 454, 397,1132,1612,2332, 893, 672,1237, 257,2259, # 2192
+2370, 135,3384, 337,2244, 547, 352, 340, 709,2485,1400, 788,1138,2511, 540, 772, # 2208
+1682,2260,2272,2544,2013,1843,1902,4636,1999,1562,2288,4637,2201,1403,1533, 407, # 2224
+ 576,3308,1254,2071, 978,3385, 170, 136,1201,3125,2664,3172,2394, 213, 912, 873, # 2240
+3603,1713,2202, 699,3604,3699, 813,3442, 493, 531,1054, 468,2907,1483, 304, 281, # 2256
+4112,1726,1252,2094, 339,2319,2130,2639, 756,1563,2944, 748, 571,2976,1588,2425, # 2272
+2715,1851,1460,2426,1528,1392,1973,3237, 288,3309, 685,3386, 296, 892,2716,2216, # 2288
+1570,2245, 722,1747,2217, 905,3238,1103,6135,1893,1441,1965, 251,1805,2371,3700, # 2304
+2601,1919,1078,  75,2182,1509,1592,1270,2640,4638,2152,6136,3310,3817, 524, 706, # 2320
+1075, 292,3818,1756,2602, 317,  98,3173,3605,3525,1844,2218,3819,2502, 814, 567, # 2336
+ 385,2908,1534,6137, 534,1642,3239, 797,6138,1670,1529, 953,4323, 188,1071, 538, # 2352
+ 178, 729,3240,2109,1226,1374,2000,2357,2977, 731,2468,1116,2014,2051,6139,1261, # 2368
+1593, 803,2859,2736,3443, 556, 682, 823,1541,6140,1369,2289,1706,2794, 845, 462, # 2384
+2603,2665,1361, 387, 162,2358,1740, 739,1770,1720,1304,1401,3241,1049, 627,1571, # 2400
+2427,3526,1877,3942,1852,1500, 431,1910,1503, 677, 297,2795, 286,1433,1038,1198, # 2416
+2290,1133,1596,4113,4639,2469,1510,1484,3943,6141,2442, 108, 712,4640,2372, 866, # 2432
+3701,2755,3242,1348, 834,1945,1408,3527,2395,3243,1811, 824, 994,1179,2110,1548, # 2448
+1453, 790,3003, 690,4324,4325,2832,2909,3820,1860,3821, 225,1748, 310, 346,1780, # 2464
+2470, 821,1993,2717,2796, 828, 877,3528,2860,2471,1702,2165,2910,2486,1789, 453, # 2480
+ 359,2291,1676,  73,1164,1461,1127,3311, 421, 604, 314,1037, 589, 116,2487, 737, # 2496
+ 837,1180, 111, 244, 735,6142,2261,1861,1362, 986, 523, 418, 581,2666,3822, 103, # 2512
+ 855, 503,1414,1867,2488,1091, 657,1597, 979, 605,1316,4641,1021,2443,2078,2001, # 2528
+1209,  96, 587,2166,1032, 260,1072,2153, 173,  94, 226,3244, 819,2006,4642,4114, # 2544
+2203, 231,1744, 782,  97,2667, 786,3387, 887, 391, 442,2219,4326,1425,6143,2694, # 2560
+ 633,1544,1202, 483,2015, 592,2052,1958,2472,1655, 419, 129,4327,3444,3312,1714, # 2576
+1257,3078,4328,1518,1098, 865,1310,1019,1885,1512,1734, 469,2444, 148, 773, 436, # 2592
+1815,1868,1128,1055,4329,1245,2756,3445,2154,1934,1039,4643, 579,1238, 932,2320, # 2608
+ 353, 205, 801, 115,2428, 944,2321,1881, 399,2565,1211, 678, 766,3944, 335,2101, # 2624
+1459,1781,1402,3945,2737,2131,1010, 844, 981,1326,1013, 550,1816,1545,2620,1335, # 2640
+1008, 371,2881, 936,1419,1613,3529,1456,1395,2273,1834,2604,1317,2738,2503, 416, # 2656
+1643,4330, 806,1126, 229, 591,3946,1314,1981,1576,1837,1666, 347,1790, 977,3313, # 2672
+ 764,2861,1853, 688,2429,1920,1462,  77, 595, 415,2002,3034, 798,1192,4115,6144, # 2688
+2978,4331,3035,2695,2582,2072,2566, 430,2430,1727, 842,1396,3947,3702, 613, 377, # 2704
+ 278, 236,1417,3388,3314,3174, 757,1869, 107,3530,6145,1194, 623,2262, 207,1253, # 2720
+2167,3446,3948, 492,1117,1935, 536,1838,2757,1246,4332, 696,2095,2406,1393,1572, # 2736
+3175,1782, 583, 190, 253,1390,2230, 830,3126,3389, 934,3245,1703,1749,2979,1870, # 2752
+2545,1656,2204, 869,2346,4116,3176,1817, 496,1764,4644, 942,1504, 404,1903,1122, # 2768
+1580,3606,2945,1022, 515, 372,1735, 955,2431,3036,6146,2797,1110,2302,2798, 617, # 2784
+6147, 441, 762,1771,3447,3607,3608,1904, 840,3037,  86, 939,1385, 572,1370,2445, # 2800
+1336, 114,3703, 898, 294, 203,3315, 703,1583,2274, 429, 961,4333,1854,1951,3390, # 2816
+2373,3704,4334,1318,1381, 966,1911,2322,1006,1155, 309, 989, 458,2718,1795,1372, # 2832
+1203, 252,1689,1363,3177, 517,1936, 168,1490, 562, 193,3823,1042,4117,1835, 551, # 2848
+ 470,4645, 395, 489,3448,1871,1465,2583,2641, 417,1493, 279,1295, 511,1236,1119, # 2864
+  72,1231,1982,1812,3004, 871,1564, 984,3449,1667,2696,2096,4646,2347,2833,1673, # 2880
+3609, 695,3246,2668, 807,1183,4647, 890, 388,2333,1801,1457,2911,1765,1477,1031, # 2896
+3316,3317,1278,3391,2799,2292,2526, 163,3450,4335,2669,1404,1802,6148,2323,2407, # 2912
+1584,1728,1494,1824,1269, 298, 909,3318,1034,1632, 375, 776,1683,2061, 291, 210, # 2928
+1123, 809,1249,1002,2642,3038, 206,1011,2132, 144, 975, 882,1565, 342, 667, 754, # 2944
+1442,2143,1299,2303,2062, 447, 626,2205,1221,2739,2912,1144,1214,2206,2584, 760, # 2960
+1715, 614, 950,1281,2670,2621, 810, 577,1287,2546,4648, 242,2168, 250,2643, 691, # 2976
+ 123,2644, 647, 313,1029, 689,1357,2946,1650, 216, 771,1339,1306, 808,2063, 549, # 2992
+ 913,1371,2913,2914,6149,1466,1092,1174,1196,1311,2605,2396,1783,1796,3079, 406, # 3008
+2671,2117,3949,4649, 487,1825,2220,6150,2915, 448,2348,1073,6151,2397,1707, 130, # 3024
+ 900,1598, 329, 176,1959,2527,1620,6152,2275,4336,3319,1983,2191,3705,3610,2155, # 3040
+3706,1912,1513,1614,6153,1988, 646, 392,2304,1589,3320,3039,1826,1239,1352,1340, # 3056
+2916, 505,2567,1709,1437,2408,2547, 906,6154,2672, 384,1458,1594,1100,1329, 710, # 3072
+ 423,3531,2064,2231,2622,1989,2673,1087,1882, 333, 841,3005,1296,2882,2379, 580, # 3088
+1937,1827,1293,2585, 601, 574, 249,1772,4118,2079,1120, 645, 901,1176,1690, 795, # 3104
+2207, 478,1434, 516,1190,1530, 761,2080, 930,1264, 355, 435,1552, 644,1791, 987, # 3120
+ 220,1364,1163,1121,1538, 306,2169,1327,1222, 546,2645, 218, 241, 610,1704,3321, # 3136
+1984,1839,1966,2528, 451,6155,2586,3707,2568, 907,3178, 254,2947, 186,1845,4650, # 3152
+ 745, 432,1757, 428,1633, 888,2246,2221,2489,3611,2118,1258,1265, 956,3127,1784, # 3168
+4337,2490, 319, 510, 119, 457,3612, 274,2035,2007,4651,1409,3128, 970,2758, 590, # 3184
+2800, 661,2247,4652,2008,3950,1420,1549,3080,3322,3951,1651,1375,2111, 485,2491, # 3200
+1429,1156,6156,2548,2183,1495, 831,1840,2529,2446, 501,1657, 307,1894,3247,1341, # 3216
+ 666, 899,2156,1539,2549,1559, 886, 349,2208,3081,2305,1736,3824,2170,2759,1014, # 3232
+1913,1386, 542,1397,2948, 490, 368, 716, 362, 159, 282,2569,1129,1658,1288,1750, # 3248
+2674, 276, 649,2016, 751,1496, 658,1818,1284,1862,2209,2087,2512,3451, 622,2834, # 3264
+ 376, 117,1060,2053,1208,1721,1101,1443, 247,1250,3179,1792,3952,2760,2398,3953, # 3280
+6157,2144,3708, 446,2432,1151,2570,3452,2447,2761,2835,1210,2448,3082, 424,2222, # 3296
+1251,2449,2119,2836, 504,1581,4338, 602, 817, 857,3825,2349,2306, 357,3826,1470, # 3312
+1883,2883, 255, 958, 929,2917,3248, 302,4653,1050,1271,1751,2307,1952,1430,2697, # 3328
+2719,2359, 354,3180, 777, 158,2036,4339,1659,4340,4654,2308,2949,2248,1146,2232, # 3344
+3532,2720,1696,2623,3827,6158,3129,1550,2698,1485,1297,1428, 637, 931,2721,2145, # 3360
+ 914,2550,2587,  81,2450, 612, 827,2646,1242,4655,1118,2884, 472,1855,3181,3533, # 3376
+3534, 569,1353,2699,1244,1758,2588,4119,2009,2762,2171,3709,1312,1531,6159,1152, # 3392
+1938, 134,1830, 471,3710,2276,1112,1535,3323,3453,3535, 982,1337,2950, 488, 826, # 3408
+ 674,1058,1628,4120,2017, 522,2399, 211, 568,1367,3454, 350, 293,1872,1139,3249, # 3424
+1399,1946,3006,1300,2360,3324, 588, 736,6160,2606, 744, 669,3536,3828,6161,1358, # 3440
+ 199, 723, 848, 933, 851,1939,1505,1514,1338,1618,1831,4656,1634,3613, 443,2740, # 3456
+3829, 717,1947, 491,1914,6162,2551,1542,4121,1025,6163,1099,1223, 198,3040,2722, # 3472
+ 370, 410,1905,2589, 998,1248,3182,2380, 519,1449,4122,1710, 947, 928,1153,4341, # 3488
+2277, 344,2624,1511, 615, 105, 161,1212,1076,1960,3130,2054,1926,1175,1906,2473, # 3504
+ 414,1873,2801,6164,2309, 315,1319,3325, 318,2018,2146,2157, 963, 631, 223,4342, # 3520
+4343,2675, 479,3711,1197,2625,3712,2676,2361,6165,4344,4123,6166,2451,3183,1886, # 3536
+2184,1674,1330,1711,1635,1506, 799, 219,3250,3083,3954,1677,3713,3326,2081,3614, # 3552
+1652,2073,4657,1147,3041,1752, 643,1961, 147,1974,3955,6167,1716,2037, 918,3007, # 3568
+1994, 120,1537, 118, 609,3184,4345, 740,3455,1219, 332,1615,3830,6168,1621,2980, # 3584
+1582, 783, 212, 553,2350,3714,1349,2433,2082,4124, 889,6169,2310,1275,1410, 973, # 3600
+ 166,1320,3456,1797,1215,3185,2885,1846,2590,2763,4658, 629, 822,3008, 763, 940, # 3616
+1990,2862, 439,2409,1566,1240,1622, 926,1282,1907,2764, 654,2210,1607, 327,1130, # 3632
+3956,1678,1623,6170,2434,2192, 686, 608,3831,3715, 903,3957,3042,6171,2741,1522, # 3648
+1915,1105,1555,2552,1359, 323,3251,4346,3457, 738,1354,2553,2311,2334,1828,2003, # 3664
+3832,1753,2351,1227,6172,1887,4125,1478,6173,2410,1874,1712,1847, 520,1204,2607, # 3680
+ 264,4659, 836,2677,2102, 600,4660,3833,2278,3084,6174,4347,3615,1342, 640, 532, # 3696
+ 543,2608,1888,2400,2591,1009,4348,1497, 341,1737,3616,2723,1394, 529,3252,1321, # 3712
+ 983,4661,1515,2120, 971,2592, 924, 287,1662,3186,4349,2700,4350,1519, 908,1948, # 3728
+2452, 156, 796,1629,1486,2223,2055, 694,4126,1259,1036,3392,1213,2249,2742,1889, # 3744
+1230,3958,1015, 910, 408, 559,3617,4662, 746, 725, 935,4663,3959,3009,1289, 563, # 3760
+ 867,4664,3960,1567,2981,2038,2626, 988,2263,2381,4351, 143,2374, 704,1895,6175, # 3776
+1188,3716,2088, 673,3085,2362,4352, 484,1608,1921,2765,2918, 215, 904,3618,3537, # 3792
+ 894, 509, 976,3043,2701,3961,4353,2837,2982, 498,6176,6177,1102,3538,1332,3393, # 3808
+1487,1636,1637, 233, 245,3962, 383, 650, 995,3044, 460,1520,1206,2352, 749,3327, # 3824
+ 530, 700, 389,1438,1560,1773,3963,2264, 719,2951,2724,3834, 870,1832,1644,1000, # 3840
+ 839,2474,3717, 197,1630,3394, 365,2886,3964,1285,2133, 734, 922, 818,1106, 732, # 3856
+ 480,2083,1774,3458, 923,2279,1350, 221,3086,  85,2233,2234,3835,1585,3010,2147, # 3872
+1387,1705,2382,1619,2475, 133, 239,2802,1991,1016,2084,2383, 411,2838,1113, 651, # 3888
+1985,1160,3328, 990,1863,3087,1048,1276,2647, 265,2627,1599,3253,2056, 150, 638, # 3904
+2019, 656, 853, 326,1479, 680,1439,4354,1001,1759, 413,3459,3395,2492,1431, 459, # 3920
+4355,1125,3329,2265,1953,1450,2065,2863, 849, 351,2678,3131,3254,3255,1104,1577, # 3936
+ 227,1351,1645,2453,2193,1421,2887, 812,2121, 634,  95,2435, 201,2312,4665,1646, # 3952
+1671,2743,1601,2554,2702,2648,2280,1315,1366,2089,3132,1573,3718,3965,1729,1189, # 3968
+ 328,2679,1077,1940,1136, 558,1283, 964,1195, 621,2074,1199,1743,3460,3619,1896, # 3984
+1916,1890,3836,2952,1154,2112,1064, 862, 378,3011,2066,2113,2803,1568,2839,6178, # 4000
+3088,2919,1941,1660,2004,1992,2194, 142, 707,1590,1708,1624,1922,1023,1836,1233, # 4016
+1004,2313, 789, 741,3620,6179,1609,2411,1200,4127,3719,3720,4666,2057,3721, 593, # 4032
+2840, 367,2920,1878,6180,3461,1521, 628,1168, 692,2211,2649, 300, 720,2067,2571, # 4048
+2953,3396, 959,2504,3966,3539,3462,1977, 701,6181, 954,1043, 800, 681, 183,3722, # 4064
+1803,1730,3540,4128,2103, 815,2314, 174, 467, 230,2454,1093,2134, 755,3541,3397, # 4080
+1141,1162,6182,1738,2039, 270,3256,2513,1005,1647,2185,3837, 858,1679,1897,1719, # 4096
+2954,2324,1806, 402, 670, 167,4129,1498,2158,2104, 750,6183, 915, 189,1680,1551, # 4112
+ 455,4356,1501,2455, 405,1095,2955, 338,1586,1266,1819, 570, 641,1324, 237,1556, # 4128
+2650,1388,3723,6184,1368,2384,1343,1978,3089,2436, 879,3724, 792,1191, 758,3012, # 4144
+1411,2135,1322,4357, 240,4667,1848,3725,1574,6185, 420,3045,1546,1391, 714,4358, # 4160
+1967, 941,1864, 863, 664, 426, 560,1731,2680,1785,2864,1949,2363, 403,3330,1415, # 4176
+1279,2136,1697,2335, 204, 721,2097,3838,  90,6186,2085,2505, 191,3967, 124,2148, # 4192
+1376,1798,1178,1107,1898,1405, 860,4359,1243,1272,2375,2983,1558,2456,1638, 113, # 4208
+3621, 578,1923,2609, 880, 386,4130, 784,2186,2266,1422,2956,2172,1722, 497, 263, # 4224
+2514,1267,2412,2610, 177,2703,3542, 774,1927,1344, 616,1432,1595,1018, 172,4360, # 4240
+2325, 911,4361, 438,1468,3622, 794,3968,2024,2173,1681,1829,2957, 945, 895,3090, # 4256
+ 575,2212,2476, 475,2401,2681, 785,2744,1745,2293,2555,1975,3133,2865, 394,4668, # 4272
+3839, 635,4131, 639, 202,1507,2195,2766,1345,1435,2572,3726,1908,1184,1181,2457, # 4288
+3727,3134,4362, 843,2611, 437, 916,4669, 234, 769,1884,3046,3047,3623, 833,6187, # 4304
+1639,2250,2402,1355,1185,2010,2047, 999, 525,1732,1290,1488,2612, 948,1578,3728, # 4320
+2413,2477,1216,2725,2159, 334,3840,1328,3624,2921,1525,4132, 564,1056, 891,4363, # 4336
+1444,1698,2385,2251,3729,1365,2281,2235,1717,6188, 864,3841,2515, 444, 527,2767, # 4352
+2922,3625, 544, 461,6189, 566, 209,2437,3398,2098,1065,2068,3331,3626,3257,2137, # 4368  #last 512
+)
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/jpcntx.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/jpcntx.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20044e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/jpcntx.py
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+
+# This is hiragana 2-char sequence table, the number in each cell represents its frequency category
+jp2CharContext = (
+(0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1),
+(2,4,0,4,0,3,0,4,0,3,4,4,4,2,4,3,3,4,3,2,3,3,4,2,3,3,3,2,4,1,4,3,3,1,5,4,3,4,3,4,3,5,3,0,3,5,4,2,0,3,1,0,3,3,0,3,3,0,1,1,0,4,3,0,3,3,0,4,0,2,0,3,5,5,5,5,4,0,4,1,0,3,4),
+(0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2),
+(0,4,0,5,0,5,0,4,0,4,5,4,4,3,5,3,5,1,5,3,4,3,4,4,3,4,3,3,4,3,5,4,4,3,5,5,3,5,5,5,3,5,5,3,4,5,5,3,1,3,2,0,3,4,0,4,2,0,4,2,1,5,3,2,3,5,0,4,0,2,0,5,4,4,5,4,5,0,4,0,0,4,4),
+(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0),
+(0,3,0,4,0,3,0,3,0,4,5,4,3,3,3,3,4,3,5,4,4,3,5,4,4,3,4,3,4,4,4,4,5,3,4,4,3,4,5,5,4,5,5,1,4,5,4,3,0,3,3,1,3,3,0,4,4,0,3,3,1,5,3,3,3,5,0,4,0,3,0,4,4,3,4,3,3,0,4,1,1,3,4),
+(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0),
+(0,4,0,3,0,3,0,4,0,3,4,4,3,2,2,1,2,1,3,1,3,3,3,3,3,4,3,1,3,3,5,3,3,0,4,3,0,5,4,3,3,5,4,4,3,4,4,5,0,1,2,0,1,2,0,2,2,0,1,0,0,5,2,2,1,4,0,3,0,1,0,4,4,3,5,4,3,0,2,1,0,4,3),
+(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0),
+(0,3,0,5,0,4,0,2,1,4,4,2,4,1,4,2,4,2,4,3,3,3,4,3,3,3,3,1,4,2,3,3,3,1,4,4,1,1,1,4,3,3,2,0,2,4,3,2,0,3,3,0,3,1,1,0,0,0,3,3,0,4,2,2,3,4,0,4,0,3,0,4,4,5,3,4,4,0,3,0,0,1,4),
+(1,4,0,4,0,4,0,4,0,3,5,4,4,3,4,3,5,4,3,3,4,3,5,4,4,4,4,3,4,2,4,3,3,1,5,4,3,2,4,5,4,5,5,4,4,5,4,4,0,3,2,2,3,3,0,4,3,1,3,2,1,4,3,3,4,5,0,3,0,2,0,4,5,5,4,5,4,0,4,0,0,5,4),
+(0,5,0,5,0,4,0,3,0,4,4,3,4,3,3,3,4,0,4,4,4,3,4,3,4,3,3,1,4,2,4,3,4,0,5,4,1,4,5,4,4,5,3,2,4,3,4,3,2,4,1,3,3,3,2,3,2,0,4,3,3,4,3,3,3,4,0,4,0,3,0,4,5,4,4,4,3,0,4,1,0,1,3),
+(0,3,1,4,0,3,0,2,0,3,4,4,3,1,4,2,3,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,4,3,2,3,1,5,4,4,1,4,4,3,5,4,4,3,5,5,4,3,4,4,3,1,2,3,1,2,2,0,3,2,0,3,1,0,5,3,3,3,4,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,5,4,2,0,3,3,2,4,3),
+(0,2,0,3,0,1,0,1,0,0,3,2,0,0,2,0,1,0,2,1,3,3,3,1,2,3,1,0,1,0,4,2,1,1,3,3,0,4,3,3,1,4,3,3,0,3,3,2,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,4,1,0,2,3,2,2,2,1,3,3,3,4,4,3,2,0,3,1,0,3,3),
+(0,4,0,4,0,3,0,3,0,4,4,4,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,3,4,2,4,3,4,3,3,2,4,3,4,5,4,1,4,5,3,5,4,5,3,5,4,0,3,5,5,3,1,3,3,2,2,3,0,3,4,1,3,3,2,4,3,3,3,4,0,4,0,3,0,4,5,4,4,5,3,0,4,1,0,3,4),
+(0,2,0,3,0,3,0,0,0,2,2,2,1,0,1,0,0,0,3,0,3,0,3,0,1,3,1,0,3,1,3,3,3,1,3,3,3,0,1,3,1,3,4,0,0,3,1,1,0,3,2,0,0,0,0,1,3,0,1,0,0,3,3,2,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,3,4,3,4,3,3,0,3,0,0,2,3),
+(2,3,0,3,0,2,0,1,0,3,3,4,3,1,3,1,1,1,3,1,4,3,4,3,3,3,0,0,3,1,5,4,3,1,4,3,2,5,5,4,4,4,4,3,3,4,4,4,0,2,1,1,3,2,0,1,2,0,0,1,0,4,1,3,3,3,0,3,0,1,0,4,4,4,5,5,3,0,2,0,0,4,4),
+(0,2,0,1,0,3,1,3,0,2,3,3,3,0,3,1,0,0,3,0,3,2,3,1,3,2,1,1,0,0,4,2,1,0,2,3,1,4,3,2,0,4,4,3,1,3,1,3,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,4,1,1,1,2,0,3,0,0,0,3,4,2,4,3,2,0,1,0,0,3,3),
+(0,1,0,4,0,5,0,4,0,2,4,4,2,3,3,2,3,3,5,3,3,3,4,3,4,2,3,0,4,3,3,3,4,1,4,3,2,1,5,5,3,4,5,1,3,5,4,2,0,3,3,0,1,3,0,4,2,0,1,3,1,4,3,3,3,3,0,3,0,1,0,3,4,4,4,5,5,0,3,0,1,4,5),
+(0,2,0,3,0,3,0,0,0,2,3,1,3,0,4,0,1,1,3,0,3,4,3,2,3,1,0,3,3,2,3,1,3,0,2,3,0,2,1,4,1,2,2,0,0,3,3,0,0,2,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,2,2,0,3,2,1,3,3,0,2,0,2,0,0,3,3,1,2,4,0,3,0,2,2,3),
+(2,4,0,5,0,4,0,4,0,2,4,4,4,3,4,3,3,3,1,2,4,3,4,3,4,4,5,0,3,3,3,3,2,0,4,3,1,4,3,4,1,4,4,3,3,4,4,3,1,2,3,0,4,2,0,4,1,0,3,3,0,4,3,3,3,4,0,4,0,2,0,3,5,3,4,5,2,0,3,0,0,4,5),
+(0,3,0,4,0,1,0,1,0,1,3,2,2,1,3,0,3,0,2,0,2,0,3,0,2,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,3,1,0,0,0,4,0,3,1,0,2,1,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,4,2,2,3,1,0,3,0,0,0,1,4,4,4,3,0,0,4,0,0,1,4),
+(1,4,1,5,0,3,0,3,0,4,5,4,4,3,5,3,3,4,4,3,4,1,3,3,3,3,2,1,4,1,5,4,3,1,4,4,3,5,4,4,3,5,4,3,3,4,4,4,0,3,3,1,2,3,0,3,1,0,3,3,0,5,4,4,4,4,4,4,3,3,5,4,4,3,3,5,4,0,3,2,0,4,4),
+(0,2,0,3,0,1,0,0,0,1,3,3,3,2,4,1,3,0,3,1,3,0,2,2,1,1,0,0,2,0,4,3,1,0,4,3,0,4,4,4,1,4,3,1,1,3,3,1,0,2,0,0,1,3,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,4,3,2,4,3,5,4,3,3,3,4,3,3,4,3,3,0,2,1,0,3,3),
+(0,2,0,4,0,3,0,2,0,2,5,5,3,4,4,4,4,1,4,3,3,0,4,3,4,3,1,3,3,2,4,3,0,3,4,3,0,3,4,4,2,4,4,0,4,5,3,3,2,2,1,1,1,2,0,1,5,0,3,3,2,4,3,3,3,4,0,3,0,2,0,4,4,3,5,5,0,0,3,0,2,3,3),
+(0,3,0,4,0,3,0,1,0,3,4,3,3,1,3,3,3,0,3,1,3,0,4,3,3,1,1,0,3,0,3,3,0,0,4,4,0,1,5,4,3,3,5,0,3,3,4,3,0,2,0,1,1,1,0,1,3,0,1,2,1,3,3,2,3,3,0,3,0,1,0,1,3,3,4,4,1,0,1,2,2,1,3),
+(0,1,0,4,0,4,0,3,0,1,3,3,3,2,3,1,1,0,3,0,3,3,4,3,2,4,2,0,1,0,4,3,2,0,4,3,0,5,3,3,2,4,4,4,3,3,3,4,0,1,3,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,4,2,3,3,3,0,3,0,0,0,4,4,4,5,3,2,0,3,3,0,3,5),
+(0,2,0,3,0,0,0,3,0,1,3,0,2,0,0,0,1,0,3,1,1,3,3,0,0,3,0,0,3,0,2,3,1,0,3,1,0,3,3,2,0,4,2,2,0,2,0,0,0,4,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,1,2,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,3,1,2,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,4),
+(0,3,0,3,0,5,0,1,0,2,4,3,1,3,3,2,1,1,5,2,1,0,5,1,2,0,0,0,3,3,2,2,3,2,4,3,0,0,3,3,1,3,3,0,2,5,3,4,0,3,3,0,1,2,0,2,2,0,3,2,0,2,2,3,3,3,0,2,0,1,0,3,4,4,2,5,4,0,3,0,0,3,5),
+(0,3,0,3,0,3,0,1,0,3,3,3,3,0,3,0,2,0,2,1,1,0,2,0,1,0,0,0,2,1,0,0,1,0,3,2,0,0,3,3,1,2,3,1,0,3,3,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,2,3,1,2,3,0,3,0,1,0,3,2,1,0,4,3,0,1,1,0,3,3),
+(0,4,0,5,0,3,0,3,0,4,5,5,4,3,5,3,4,3,5,3,3,2,5,3,4,4,4,3,4,3,4,5,5,3,4,4,3,4,4,5,4,4,4,3,4,5,5,4,2,3,4,2,3,4,0,3,3,1,4,3,2,4,3,3,5,5,0,3,0,3,0,5,5,5,5,4,4,0,4,0,1,4,4),
+(0,4,0,4,0,3,0,3,0,3,5,4,4,2,3,2,5,1,3,2,5,1,4,2,3,2,3,3,4,3,3,3,3,2,5,4,1,3,3,5,3,4,4,0,4,4,3,1,1,3,1,0,2,3,0,2,3,0,3,0,0,4,3,1,3,4,0,3,0,2,0,4,4,4,3,4,5,0,4,0,0,3,4),
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+(0,3,0,3,0,2,0,3,0,1,5,4,3,3,3,1,4,2,1,2,3,4,4,2,4,4,5,0,3,1,4,3,4,0,4,3,3,3,2,3,2,5,3,4,3,2,2,3,0,0,3,0,2,1,0,1,2,0,0,0,0,2,1,1,3,1,0,2,0,4,0,3,4,4,4,5,2,0,2,0,0,1,3),
+(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,4,2,1,1,0,1,0,3,2,0,0,3,1,1,1,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,1,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,1,4,0,4,2,1,0,0,0,0,0,1),
+(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,3,1,0,0,0,2,0,2,1,0,0,1,2,1,0,1,1,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,3,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,2,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2),
+(0,4,0,4,0,4,0,3,0,4,4,3,4,2,4,3,2,0,4,4,4,3,5,3,5,3,3,2,4,2,4,3,4,3,1,4,0,2,3,4,4,4,3,3,3,4,4,4,3,4,1,3,4,3,2,1,2,1,3,3,3,4,4,3,3,5,0,4,0,3,0,4,3,3,3,2,1,0,3,0,0,3,3),
+(0,4,0,3,0,3,0,3,0,3,5,5,3,3,3,3,4,3,4,3,3,3,4,4,4,3,3,3,3,4,3,5,3,3,1,3,2,4,5,5,5,5,4,3,4,5,5,3,2,2,3,3,3,3,2,3,3,1,2,3,2,4,3,3,3,4,0,4,0,2,0,4,3,2,2,1,2,0,3,0,0,4,1),
+)
+
+class JapaneseContextAnalysis(object):
+    NUM_OF_CATEGORY = 6
+    DONT_KNOW = -1
+    ENOUGH_REL_THRESHOLD = 100
+    MAX_REL_THRESHOLD = 1000
+    MINIMUM_DATA_THRESHOLD = 4
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._total_rel = None
+        self._rel_sample = None
+        self._need_to_skip_char_num = None
+        self._last_char_order = None
+        self._done = None
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self._total_rel = 0  # total sequence received
+        # category counters, each integer counts sequence in its category
+        self._rel_sample = [0] * self.NUM_OF_CATEGORY
+        # if last byte in current buffer is not the last byte of a character,
+        # we need to know how many bytes to skip in next buffer
+        self._need_to_skip_char_num = 0
+        self._last_char_order = -1  # The order of previous char
+        # If this flag is set to True, detection is done and conclusion has
+        # been made
+        self._done = False
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str, num_bytes):
+        if self._done:
+            return
+
+        # The buffer we got is byte oriented, and a character may span in more than one
+        # buffers. In case the last one or two byte in last buffer is not
+        # complete, we record how many byte needed to complete that character
+        # and skip these bytes here.  We can choose to record those bytes as
+        # well and analyse the character once it is complete, but since a
+        # character will not make much difference, by simply skipping
+        # this character will simply our logic and improve performance.
+        i = self._need_to_skip_char_num
+        while i < num_bytes:
+            order, char_len = self.get_order(byte_str[i:i + 2])
+            i += char_len
+            if i > num_bytes:
+                self._need_to_skip_char_num = i - num_bytes
+                self._last_char_order = -1
+            else:
+                if (order != -1) and (self._last_char_order != -1):
+                    self._total_rel += 1
+                    if self._total_rel > self.MAX_REL_THRESHOLD:
+                        self._done = True
+                        break
+                    self._rel_sample[jp2CharContext[self._last_char_order][order]] += 1
+                self._last_char_order = order
+
+    def got_enough_data(self):
+        return self._total_rel > self.ENOUGH_REL_THRESHOLD
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        # This is just one way to calculate confidence. It works well for me.
+        if self._total_rel > self.MINIMUM_DATA_THRESHOLD:
+            return (self._total_rel - self._rel_sample[0]) / self._total_rel
+        else:
+            return self.DONT_KNOW
+
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        return -1, 1
+
+class SJISContextAnalysis(JapaneseContextAnalysis):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(SJISContextAnalysis, self).__init__()
+        self._charset_name = "SHIFT_JIS"
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return self._charset_name
+
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        if not byte_str:
+            return -1, 1
+        # find out current char's byte length
+        first_char = byte_str[0]
+        if (0x81 <= first_char <= 0x9F) or (0xE0 <= first_char <= 0xFC):
+            char_len = 2
+            if (first_char == 0x87) or (0xFA <= first_char <= 0xFC):
+                self._charset_name = "CP932"
+        else:
+            char_len = 1
+
+        # return its order if it is hiragana
+        if len(byte_str) > 1:
+            second_char = byte_str[1]
+            if (first_char == 202) and (0x9F <= second_char <= 0xF1):
+                return second_char - 0x9F, char_len
+
+        return -1, char_len
+
+class EUCJPContextAnalysis(JapaneseContextAnalysis):
+    def get_order(self, byte_str):
+        if not byte_str:
+            return -1, 1
+        # find out current char's byte length
+        first_char = byte_str[0]
+        if (first_char == 0x8E) or (0xA1 <= first_char <= 0xFE):
+            char_len = 2
+        elif first_char == 0x8F:
+            char_len = 3
+        else:
+            char_len = 1
+
+        # return its order if it is hiragana
+        if len(byte_str) > 1:
+            second_char = byte_str[1]
+            if (first_char == 0xA4) and (0xA1 <= second_char <= 0xF3):
+                return second_char - 0xA1, char_len
+
+        return -1, char_len
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langbulgarianmodel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langbulgarianmodel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e963a50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langbulgarianmodel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4650 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from pip._vendor.chardet.sbcharsetprober import SingleByteCharSetModel
+
+
+# 3: Positive
+# 2: Likely
+# 1: Unlikely
+# 0: Negative
+
+BULGARIAN_LANG_MODEL = {
+    63: {  # 'e'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 1,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 1,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 1,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    45: {  # '\xad'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 0,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 0,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    31: {  # 'А'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 2,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 2,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 2,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 1,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 2,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 2,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 2,  # 'П'
+        39: 2,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 2,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 2,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 1,  # 'а'
+        18: 2,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 1,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 2,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 2,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 2,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 1,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    32: {  # 'Б'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 2,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 2,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 2,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 2,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 2,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 2,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    35: {  # 'В'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 2,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 2,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    43: {  # 'Г'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    37: {  # 'Д'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 2,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 2,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 2,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 2,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    44: {  # 'Е'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 2,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 1,  # 'Й'
+        33: 2,  # 'К'
+        46: 2,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 2,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 2,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 2,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 2,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 0,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 1,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    55: {  # 'Ж'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    47: {  # 'З'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 2,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 1,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 1,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    40: {  # 'И'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 2,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 1,  # 'Й'
+        33: 2,  # 'К'
+        46: 2,  # 'Л'
+        38: 2,  # 'М'
+        36: 2,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 2,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 2,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 2,  # 'Я'
+        1: 1,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 1,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 3,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 1,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 1,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    59: {  # 'Й'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 1,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 0,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    33: {  # 'К'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 2,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 2,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    46: {  # 'Л'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 2,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 0,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    38: {  # 'М'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 2,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    36: {  # 'Н'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 2,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 2,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 1,  # 'Й'
+        33: 2,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 2,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 0,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    41: {  # 'О'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 2,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 2,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 1,  # 'Й'
+        33: 2,  # 'К'
+        46: 2,  # 'Л'
+        38: 2,  # 'М'
+        36: 2,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 2,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 2,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 1,  # 'а'
+        18: 2,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 1,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 1,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 2,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 1,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 2,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    30: {  # 'П'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 2,  # 'П'
+        39: 2,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 2,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    39: {  # 'Р'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 2,  # 'Г'
+        37: 2,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 2,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 0,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    28: {  # 'С'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 3,  # 'А'
+        32: 2,  # 'Б'
+        35: 2,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 2,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 2,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 2,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 2,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 2,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 1,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    34: {  # 'Т'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 2,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 2,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 2,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 2,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 1,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    51: {  # 'У'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 2,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 2,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 1,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 1,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    48: {  # 'Ф'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 2,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    49: {  # 'Х'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    53: {  # 'Ц'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 2,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 2,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 2,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 1,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    50: {  # 'Ч'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 2,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    54: {  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 1,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    57: {  # 'Щ'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 1,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 1,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 1,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    61: {  # 'Ъ'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 1,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 2,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 2,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 1,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 1,  # 'Х'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 0,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    60: {  # 'Ю'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 0,  # 'е'
+        23: 2,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 1,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    56: {  # 'Я'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        36: 1,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 2,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 0,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 1,  # 'и'
+        26: 1,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 2,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    1: {  # 'а'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 1,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 1,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 3,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 3,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 3,  # 'ф'
+        25: 3,  # 'х'
+        22: 3,  # 'ц'
+        21: 3,  # 'ч'
+        27: 3,  # 'ш'
+        24: 3,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    18: {  # 'б'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 1,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 3,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    9: {  # 'в'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 1,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 3,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 2,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 3,  # 'ч'
+        27: 2,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    20: {  # 'г'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    11: {  # 'д'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 2,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    3: {  # 'е'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 3,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 3,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 3,  # 'ф'
+        25: 3,  # 'х'
+        22: 3,  # 'ц'
+        21: 3,  # 'ч'
+        27: 3,  # 'ш'
+        24: 3,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    23: {  # 'ж'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 1,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    15: {  # 'з'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 2,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    2: {  # 'и'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 1,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 1,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 1,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 3,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 3,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 3,  # 'ф'
+        25: 3,  # 'х'
+        22: 3,  # 'ц'
+        21: 3,  # 'ч'
+        27: 3,  # 'ш'
+        24: 3,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    26: {  # 'й'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 1,  # 'а'
+        18: 2,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 1,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 2,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    12: {  # 'к'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 1,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 1,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 3,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    10: {  # 'л'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 1,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 2,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 2,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 2,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 2,  # 'ь'
+        42: 3,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    14: {  # 'м'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 1,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 2,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 2,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    6: {  # 'н'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 1,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 2,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 2,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 3,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 3,  # 'ц'
+        21: 3,  # 'ч'
+        27: 2,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 2,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    4: {  # 'о'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 2,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 3,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 3,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 3,  # 'ф'
+        25: 3,  # 'х'
+        22: 3,  # 'ц'
+        21: 3,  # 'ч'
+        27: 3,  # 'ш'
+        24: 3,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    13: {  # 'п'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 1,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    7: {  # 'р'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 2,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 2,  # 'ф'
+        25: 3,  # 'х'
+        22: 3,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 3,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    8: {  # 'с'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 2,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 2,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 2,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 2,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    5: {  # 'т'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 2,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 2,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 2,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    19: {  # 'у'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 3,  # 'з'
+        2: 2,  # 'и'
+        26: 2,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 2,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 3,  # 'ч'
+        27: 3,  # 'ш'
+        24: 2,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    29: {  # 'ф'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 2,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    25: {  # 'х'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    22: {  # 'ц'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 1,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 1,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 1,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 1,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    21: {  # 'ч'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 1,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 1,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    27: {  # 'ш'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 2,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 1,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 1,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 2,  # 'о'
+        13: 2,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 2,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    24: {  # 'щ'
+        63: 1,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 3,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 3,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 3,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 1,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 3,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 1,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    17: {  # 'ъ'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 1,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 3,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 3,  # 'ж'
+        15: 3,  # 'з'
+        2: 1,  # 'и'
+        26: 2,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 3,  # 'п'
+        7: 3,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 2,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 3,  # 'ч'
+        27: 2,  # 'ш'
+        24: 3,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    52: {  # 'ь'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 1,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 1,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 1,  # 'н'
+        4: 3,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 0,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 1,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 1,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    42: {  # 'ю'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 1,  # 'а'
+        18: 2,  # 'б'
+        9: 1,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 2,  # 'д'
+        3: 1,  # 'е'
+        23: 2,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 1,  # 'и'
+        26: 1,  # 'й'
+        12: 2,  # 'к'
+        10: 2,  # 'л'
+        14: 2,  # 'м'
+        6: 2,  # 'н'
+        4: 1,  # 'о'
+        13: 1,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 2,  # 'с'
+        5: 2,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 1,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 3,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 1,  # 'щ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    16: {  # 'я'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 1,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 3,  # 'б'
+        9: 3,  # 'в'
+        20: 2,  # 'г'
+        11: 3,  # 'д'
+        3: 2,  # 'е'
+        23: 1,  # 'ж'
+        15: 2,  # 'з'
+        2: 1,  # 'и'
+        26: 2,  # 'й'
+        12: 3,  # 'к'
+        10: 3,  # 'л'
+        14: 3,  # 'м'
+        6: 3,  # 'н'
+        4: 1,  # 'о'
+        13: 2,  # 'п'
+        7: 2,  # 'р'
+        8: 3,  # 'с'
+        5: 3,  # 'т'
+        19: 1,  # 'у'
+        29: 1,  # 'ф'
+        25: 3,  # 'х'
+        22: 2,  # 'ц'
+        21: 1,  # 'ч'
+        27: 1,  # 'ш'
+        24: 2,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    58: {  # 'є'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 0,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 0,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+    62: {  # '№'
+        63: 0,  # 'e'
+        45: 0,  # '\xad'
+        31: 0,  # 'А'
+        32: 0,  # 'Б'
+        35: 0,  # 'В'
+        43: 0,  # 'Г'
+        37: 0,  # 'Д'
+        44: 0,  # 'Е'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        47: 0,  # 'З'
+        40: 0,  # 'И'
+        59: 0,  # 'Й'
+        33: 0,  # 'К'
+        46: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        36: 0,  # 'Н'
+        41: 0,  # 'О'
+        30: 0,  # 'П'
+        39: 0,  # 'Р'
+        28: 0,  # 'С'
+        34: 0,  # 'Т'
+        51: 0,  # 'У'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        49: 0,  # 'Х'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        57: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ъ'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        56: 0,  # 'Я'
+        1: 0,  # 'а'
+        18: 0,  # 'б'
+        9: 0,  # 'в'
+        20: 0,  # 'г'
+        11: 0,  # 'д'
+        3: 0,  # 'е'
+        23: 0,  # 'ж'
+        15: 0,  # 'з'
+        2: 0,  # 'и'
+        26: 0,  # 'й'
+        12: 0,  # 'к'
+        10: 0,  # 'л'
+        14: 0,  # 'м'
+        6: 0,  # 'н'
+        4: 0,  # 'о'
+        13: 0,  # 'п'
+        7: 0,  # 'р'
+        8: 0,  # 'с'
+        5: 0,  # 'т'
+        19: 0,  # 'у'
+        29: 0,  # 'ф'
+        25: 0,  # 'х'
+        22: 0,  # 'ц'
+        21: 0,  # 'ч'
+        27: 0,  # 'ш'
+        24: 0,  # 'щ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ь'
+        42: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+        58: 0,  # 'є'
+        62: 0,  # '№'
+    },
+}
+
+# 255: Undefined characters that did not exist in training text
+# 254: Carriage/Return
+# 253: symbol (punctuation) that does not belong to word
+# 252: 0 - 9
+# 251: Control characters
+
+# Character Mapping Table(s):
+ISO_8859_5_BULGARIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 77,  # 'A'
+     66: 90,  # 'B'
+     67: 99,  # 'C'
+     68: 100,  # 'D'
+     69: 72,  # 'E'
+     70: 109,  # 'F'
+     71: 107,  # 'G'
+     72: 101,  # 'H'
+     73: 79,  # 'I'
+     74: 185,  # 'J'
+     75: 81,  # 'K'
+     76: 102,  # 'L'
+     77: 76,  # 'M'
+     78: 94,  # 'N'
+     79: 82,  # 'O'
+     80: 110,  # 'P'
+     81: 186,  # 'Q'
+     82: 108,  # 'R'
+     83: 91,  # 'S'
+     84: 74,  # 'T'
+     85: 119,  # 'U'
+     86: 84,  # 'V'
+     87: 96,  # 'W'
+     88: 111,  # 'X'
+     89: 187,  # 'Y'
+     90: 115,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 65,  # 'a'
+     98: 69,  # 'b'
+     99: 70,  # 'c'
+     100: 66,  # 'd'
+     101: 63,  # 'e'
+     102: 68,  # 'f'
+     103: 112,  # 'g'
+     104: 103,  # 'h'
+     105: 92,  # 'i'
+     106: 194,  # 'j'
+     107: 104,  # 'k'
+     108: 95,  # 'l'
+     109: 86,  # 'm'
+     110: 87,  # 'n'
+     111: 71,  # 'o'
+     112: 116,  # 'p'
+     113: 195,  # 'q'
+     114: 85,  # 'r'
+     115: 93,  # 's'
+     116: 97,  # 't'
+     117: 113,  # 'u'
+     118: 196,  # 'v'
+     119: 197,  # 'w'
+     120: 198,  # 'x'
+     121: 199,  # 'y'
+     122: 200,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 194,  # '\x80'
+     129: 195,  # '\x81'
+     130: 196,  # '\x82'
+     131: 197,  # '\x83'
+     132: 198,  # '\x84'
+     133: 199,  # '\x85'
+     134: 200,  # '\x86'
+     135: 201,  # '\x87'
+     136: 202,  # '\x88'
+     137: 203,  # '\x89'
+     138: 204,  # '\x8a'
+     139: 205,  # '\x8b'
+     140: 206,  # '\x8c'
+     141: 207,  # '\x8d'
+     142: 208,  # '\x8e'
+     143: 209,  # '\x8f'
+     144: 210,  # '\x90'
+     145: 211,  # '\x91'
+     146: 212,  # '\x92'
+     147: 213,  # '\x93'
+     148: 214,  # '\x94'
+     149: 215,  # '\x95'
+     150: 216,  # '\x96'
+     151: 217,  # '\x97'
+     152: 218,  # '\x98'
+     153: 219,  # '\x99'
+     154: 220,  # '\x9a'
+     155: 221,  # '\x9b'
+     156: 222,  # '\x9c'
+     157: 223,  # '\x9d'
+     158: 224,  # '\x9e'
+     159: 225,  # '\x9f'
+     160: 81,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 226,  # 'Ё'
+     162: 227,  # 'Ђ'
+     163: 228,  # 'Ѓ'
+     164: 229,  # 'Є'
+     165: 230,  # 'Ѕ'
+     166: 105,  # 'І'
+     167: 231,  # 'Ї'
+     168: 232,  # 'Ј'
+     169: 233,  # 'Љ'
+     170: 234,  # 'Њ'
+     171: 235,  # 'Ћ'
+     172: 236,  # 'Ќ'
+     173: 45,  # '\xad'
+     174: 237,  # 'Ў'
+     175: 238,  # 'Џ'
+     176: 31,  # 'А'
+     177: 32,  # 'Б'
+     178: 35,  # 'В'
+     179: 43,  # 'Г'
+     180: 37,  # 'Д'
+     181: 44,  # 'Е'
+     182: 55,  # 'Ж'
+     183: 47,  # 'З'
+     184: 40,  # 'И'
+     185: 59,  # 'Й'
+     186: 33,  # 'К'
+     187: 46,  # 'Л'
+     188: 38,  # 'М'
+     189: 36,  # 'Н'
+     190: 41,  # 'О'
+     191: 30,  # 'П'
+     192: 39,  # 'Р'
+     193: 28,  # 'С'
+     194: 34,  # 'Т'
+     195: 51,  # 'У'
+     196: 48,  # 'Ф'
+     197: 49,  # 'Х'
+     198: 53,  # 'Ц'
+     199: 50,  # 'Ч'
+     200: 54,  # 'Ш'
+     201: 57,  # 'Щ'
+     202: 61,  # 'Ъ'
+     203: 239,  # 'Ы'
+     204: 67,  # 'Ь'
+     205: 240,  # 'Э'
+     206: 60,  # 'Ю'
+     207: 56,  # 'Я'
+     208: 1,  # 'а'
+     209: 18,  # 'б'
+     210: 9,  # 'в'
+     211: 20,  # 'г'
+     212: 11,  # 'д'
+     213: 3,  # 'е'
+     214: 23,  # 'ж'
+     215: 15,  # 'з'
+     216: 2,  # 'и'
+     217: 26,  # 'й'
+     218: 12,  # 'к'
+     219: 10,  # 'л'
+     220: 14,  # 'м'
+     221: 6,  # 'н'
+     222: 4,  # 'о'
+     223: 13,  # 'п'
+     224: 7,  # 'р'
+     225: 8,  # 'с'
+     226: 5,  # 'т'
+     227: 19,  # 'у'
+     228: 29,  # 'ф'
+     229: 25,  # 'х'
+     230: 22,  # 'ц'
+     231: 21,  # 'ч'
+     232: 27,  # 'ш'
+     233: 24,  # 'щ'
+     234: 17,  # 'ъ'
+     235: 75,  # 'ы'
+     236: 52,  # 'ь'
+     237: 241,  # 'э'
+     238: 42,  # 'ю'
+     239: 16,  # 'я'
+     240: 62,  # '№'
+     241: 242,  # 'ё'
+     242: 243,  # 'ђ'
+     243: 244,  # 'ѓ'
+     244: 58,  # 'є'
+     245: 245,  # 'ѕ'
+     246: 98,  # 'і'
+     247: 246,  # 'ї'
+     248: 247,  # 'ј'
+     249: 248,  # 'љ'
+     250: 249,  # 'њ'
+     251: 250,  # 'ћ'
+     252: 251,  # 'ќ'
+     253: 91,  # '§'
+     254: 252,  # 'ў'
+     255: 253,  # 'џ'
+}
+
+ISO_8859_5_BULGARIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='ISO-8859-5',
+                                                    language='Bulgarian',
+                                                    char_to_order_map=ISO_8859_5_BULGARIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                    language_model=BULGARIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                    typical_positive_ratio=0.969392,
+                                                    keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                                    alphabet='АБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЬЮЯабвгдежзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъьюя')
+
+WINDOWS_1251_BULGARIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 77,  # 'A'
+     66: 90,  # 'B'
+     67: 99,  # 'C'
+     68: 100,  # 'D'
+     69: 72,  # 'E'
+     70: 109,  # 'F'
+     71: 107,  # 'G'
+     72: 101,  # 'H'
+     73: 79,  # 'I'
+     74: 185,  # 'J'
+     75: 81,  # 'K'
+     76: 102,  # 'L'
+     77: 76,  # 'M'
+     78: 94,  # 'N'
+     79: 82,  # 'O'
+     80: 110,  # 'P'
+     81: 186,  # 'Q'
+     82: 108,  # 'R'
+     83: 91,  # 'S'
+     84: 74,  # 'T'
+     85: 119,  # 'U'
+     86: 84,  # 'V'
+     87: 96,  # 'W'
+     88: 111,  # 'X'
+     89: 187,  # 'Y'
+     90: 115,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 65,  # 'a'
+     98: 69,  # 'b'
+     99: 70,  # 'c'
+     100: 66,  # 'd'
+     101: 63,  # 'e'
+     102: 68,  # 'f'
+     103: 112,  # 'g'
+     104: 103,  # 'h'
+     105: 92,  # 'i'
+     106: 194,  # 'j'
+     107: 104,  # 'k'
+     108: 95,  # 'l'
+     109: 86,  # 'm'
+     110: 87,  # 'n'
+     111: 71,  # 'o'
+     112: 116,  # 'p'
+     113: 195,  # 'q'
+     114: 85,  # 'r'
+     115: 93,  # 's'
+     116: 97,  # 't'
+     117: 113,  # 'u'
+     118: 196,  # 'v'
+     119: 197,  # 'w'
+     120: 198,  # 'x'
+     121: 199,  # 'y'
+     122: 200,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 206,  # 'Ђ'
+     129: 207,  # 'Ѓ'
+     130: 208,  # '‚'
+     131: 209,  # 'ѓ'
+     132: 210,  # '„'
+     133: 211,  # '…'
+     134: 212,  # '†'
+     135: 213,  # '‡'
+     136: 120,  # '€'
+     137: 214,  # '‰'
+     138: 215,  # 'Љ'
+     139: 216,  # '‹'
+     140: 217,  # 'Њ'
+     141: 218,  # 'Ќ'
+     142: 219,  # 'Ћ'
+     143: 220,  # 'Џ'
+     144: 221,  # 'ђ'
+     145: 78,  # '‘'
+     146: 64,  # '’'
+     147: 83,  # '“'
+     148: 121,  # '”'
+     149: 98,  # '•'
+     150: 117,  # '–'
+     151: 105,  # '—'
+     152: 222,  # None
+     153: 223,  # '™'
+     154: 224,  # 'љ'
+     155: 225,  # '›'
+     156: 226,  # 'њ'
+     157: 227,  # 'ќ'
+     158: 228,  # 'ћ'
+     159: 229,  # 'џ'
+     160: 88,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 230,  # 'Ў'
+     162: 231,  # 'ў'
+     163: 232,  # 'Ј'
+     164: 233,  # '¤'
+     165: 122,  # 'Ґ'
+     166: 89,  # '¦'
+     167: 106,  # '§'
+     168: 234,  # 'Ё'
+     169: 235,  # '©'
+     170: 236,  # 'Є'
+     171: 237,  # '«'
+     172: 238,  # '¬'
+     173: 45,  # '\xad'
+     174: 239,  # '®'
+     175: 240,  # 'Ї'
+     176: 73,  # '°'
+     177: 80,  # '±'
+     178: 118,  # 'І'
+     179: 114,  # 'і'
+     180: 241,  # 'ґ'
+     181: 242,  # 'µ'
+     182: 243,  # '¶'
+     183: 244,  # '·'
+     184: 245,  # 'ё'
+     185: 62,  # '№'
+     186: 58,  # 'є'
+     187: 246,  # '»'
+     188: 247,  # 'ј'
+     189: 248,  # 'Ѕ'
+     190: 249,  # 'ѕ'
+     191: 250,  # 'ї'
+     192: 31,  # 'А'
+     193: 32,  # 'Б'
+     194: 35,  # 'В'
+     195: 43,  # 'Г'
+     196: 37,  # 'Д'
+     197: 44,  # 'Е'
+     198: 55,  # 'Ж'
+     199: 47,  # 'З'
+     200: 40,  # 'И'
+     201: 59,  # 'Й'
+     202: 33,  # 'К'
+     203: 46,  # 'Л'
+     204: 38,  # 'М'
+     205: 36,  # 'Н'
+     206: 41,  # 'О'
+     207: 30,  # 'П'
+     208: 39,  # 'Р'
+     209: 28,  # 'С'
+     210: 34,  # 'Т'
+     211: 51,  # 'У'
+     212: 48,  # 'Ф'
+     213: 49,  # 'Х'
+     214: 53,  # 'Ц'
+     215: 50,  # 'Ч'
+     216: 54,  # 'Ш'
+     217: 57,  # 'Щ'
+     218: 61,  # 'Ъ'
+     219: 251,  # 'Ы'
+     220: 67,  # 'Ь'
+     221: 252,  # 'Э'
+     222: 60,  # 'Ю'
+     223: 56,  # 'Я'
+     224: 1,  # 'а'
+     225: 18,  # 'б'
+     226: 9,  # 'в'
+     227: 20,  # 'г'
+     228: 11,  # 'д'
+     229: 3,  # 'е'
+     230: 23,  # 'ж'
+     231: 15,  # 'з'
+     232: 2,  # 'и'
+     233: 26,  # 'й'
+     234: 12,  # 'к'
+     235: 10,  # 'л'
+     236: 14,  # 'м'
+     237: 6,  # 'н'
+     238: 4,  # 'о'
+     239: 13,  # 'п'
+     240: 7,  # 'р'
+     241: 8,  # 'с'
+     242: 5,  # 'т'
+     243: 19,  # 'у'
+     244: 29,  # 'ф'
+     245: 25,  # 'х'
+     246: 22,  # 'ц'
+     247: 21,  # 'ч'
+     248: 27,  # 'ш'
+     249: 24,  # 'щ'
+     250: 17,  # 'ъ'
+     251: 75,  # 'ы'
+     252: 52,  # 'ь'
+     253: 253,  # 'э'
+     254: 42,  # 'ю'
+     255: 16,  # 'я'
+}
+
+WINDOWS_1251_BULGARIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='windows-1251',
+                                                      language='Bulgarian',
+                                                      char_to_order_map=WINDOWS_1251_BULGARIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                      language_model=BULGARIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                      typical_positive_ratio=0.969392,
+                                                      keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                                      alphabet='АБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЬЮЯабвгдежзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъьюя')
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langgreekmodel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langgreekmodel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d99528e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langgreekmodel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4398 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from pip._vendor.chardet.sbcharsetprober import SingleByteCharSetModel
+
+
+# 3: Positive
+# 2: Likely
+# 1: Unlikely
+# 0: Negative
+
+GREEK_LANG_MODEL = {
+    60: {  # 'e'
+        60: 2,  # 'e'
+        55: 1,  # 'o'
+        58: 2,  # 't'
+        36: 1,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 1,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    55: {  # 'o'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 2,  # 'o'
+        58: 2,  # 't'
+        36: 1,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 1,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    58: {  # 't'
+        60: 2,  # 'e'
+        55: 1,  # 'o'
+        58: 1,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    36: {  # '·'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    61: {  # 'Ά'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 1,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 1,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    46: {  # 'Έ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 2,  # 'β'
+        20: 2,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 2,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 2,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 2,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 1,  # 'σ'
+        2: 2,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    54: {  # 'Ό'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 2,  # 'μ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 2,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 2,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 2,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    31: {  # 'Α'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 2,  # 'Β'
+        43: 2,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 1,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 2,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 2,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 2,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 2,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 2,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 2,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 2,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 2,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 2,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 2,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 2,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 1,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 2,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 2,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 2,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ς'
+        7: 2,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    51: {  # 'Β'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 1,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 1,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 1,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 1,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    43: {  # 'Γ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 1,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 2,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 1,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 1,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 1,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 1,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 2,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 1,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 2,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    41: {  # 'Δ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 2,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 1,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    34: {  # 'Ε'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 2,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 2,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 2,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 2,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 2,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 2,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 2,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 2,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 2,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 2,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 2,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 2,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 1,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 1,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 2,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 2,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 2,  # 'σ'
+        2: 2,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 1,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    40: {  # 'Η'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 1,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 2,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 2,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 2,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 2,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 2,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 2,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 2,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 1,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 1,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    52: {  # 'Θ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 1,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    47: {  # 'Ι'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 1,  # 'Β'
+        43: 1,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 2,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 2,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 2,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 2,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 2,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 2,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 2,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 2,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 2,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 2,  # 'σ'
+        2: 1,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 1,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    44: {  # 'Κ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 1,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 1,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 1,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 2,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    53: {  # 'Λ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 2,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 2,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 2,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 2,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 1,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    38: {  # 'Μ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 2,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 2,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 2,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    49: {  # 'Ν'
+        60: 2,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 2,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 2,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 1,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 1,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    59: {  # 'Ξ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 1,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 1,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 1,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    39: {  # 'Ο'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 1,  # 'Β'
+        43: 2,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 2,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 1,  # 'Η'
+        52: 2,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 2,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 2,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 2,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 2,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 2,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 2,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 2,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 2,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 2,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 2,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 2,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 2,  # 'μ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 2,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 2,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 1,  # 'φ'
+        23: 1,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    35: {  # 'Π'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 2,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 1,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 1,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 1,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 2,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 1,  # 'έ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 2,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    48: {  # 'Ρ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 1,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 1,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 2,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 1,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 1,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 1,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    37: {  # 'Σ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 1,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 2,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 2,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 2,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 2,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 2,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 2,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 2,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 2,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 2,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 2,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 2,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    33: {  # 'Τ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 1,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 2,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 2,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 1,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 1,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 2,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 2,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 2,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    45: {  # 'Υ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 2,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 1,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 2,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 1,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 2,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 2,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 2,  # 'Π'
+        48: 1,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 2,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 2,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 1,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    56: {  # 'Φ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 1,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 1,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 2,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 2,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 1,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    50: {  # 'Χ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 1,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 2,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 2,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 2,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 1,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 1,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 1,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 2,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    57: {  # 'Ω'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 1,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 1,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 2,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 2,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 2,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 2,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ς'
+        7: 2,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 1,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    17: {  # 'ά'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 2,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 3,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 3,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 3,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 3,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 3,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    18: {  # 'έ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 2,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 2,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 3,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 3,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 3,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    22: {  # 'ή'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 1,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 2,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    15: {  # 'ί'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 2,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 3,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 3,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 1,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    1: {  # 'α'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 2,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 3,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 3,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 1,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 3,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 3,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    29: {  # 'β'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 2,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    20: {  # 'γ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 3,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    21: {  # 'δ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    3: {  # 'ε'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 2,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 3,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 2,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 3,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 3,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    32: {  # 'ζ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 1,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    13: {  # 'η'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 2,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 2,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 2,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    25: {  # 'θ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 1,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    5: {  # 'ι'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 1,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 2,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 1,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 3,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 2,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 3,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    11: {  # 'κ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 2,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 2,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 2,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    16: {  # 'λ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 1,  # 'β'
+        20: 2,  # 'γ'
+        21: 1,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 2,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 2,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 2,  # 'μ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    10: {  # 'μ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 1,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 3,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 3,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    6: {  # 'ν'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 2,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 2,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 1,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    30: {  # 'ξ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 2,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    4: {  # 'ο'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 2,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 3,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 2,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 3,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 1,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    9: {  # 'π'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 2,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    8: {  # 'ρ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 2,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 1,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 2,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 2,  # 'π'
+        8: 2,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 2,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 3,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    14: {  # 'ς'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 2,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 0,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    7: {  # 'σ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 3,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 3,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    2: {  # 'τ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 2,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 2,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 2,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    12: {  # 'υ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 2,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 2,  # 'ε'
+        32: 2,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 3,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 2,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    28: {  # 'φ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 3,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 2,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 1,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 2,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    23: {  # 'χ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 3,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ή'
+        15: 3,  # 'ί'
+        1: 3,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 2,  # 'θ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 2,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 3,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 2,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 3,  # 'ω'
+        19: 3,  # 'ό'
+        26: 3,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    42: {  # 'ψ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 2,  # 'ά'
+        18: 2,  # 'έ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ή'
+        15: 2,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 0,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 0,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 3,  # 'η'
+        25: 0,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 0,  # 'λ'
+        10: 0,  # 'μ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 0,  # 'π'
+        8: 0,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ς'
+        7: 0,  # 'σ'
+        2: 2,  # 'τ'
+        12: 1,  # 'υ'
+        28: 0,  # 'φ'
+        23: 0,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    24: {  # 'ω'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 1,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 2,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 2,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 0,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 0,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 2,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    19: {  # 'ό'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 3,  # 'β'
+        20: 3,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 1,  # 'ε'
+        32: 2,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 2,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 1,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 2,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 3,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    26: {  # 'ύ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 2,  # 'α'
+        29: 2,  # 'β'
+        20: 2,  # 'γ'
+        21: 1,  # 'δ'
+        3: 3,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 2,  # 'η'
+        25: 3,  # 'θ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ι'
+        11: 3,  # 'κ'
+        16: 3,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 2,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ο'
+        9: 3,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 2,  # 'φ'
+        23: 2,  # 'χ'
+        42: 2,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 2,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+    27: {  # 'ώ'
+        60: 0,  # 'e'
+        55: 0,  # 'o'
+        58: 0,  # 't'
+        36: 0,  # '·'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ά'
+        46: 0,  # 'Έ'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ό'
+        31: 0,  # 'Α'
+        51: 0,  # 'Β'
+        43: 0,  # 'Γ'
+        41: 0,  # 'Δ'
+        34: 0,  # 'Ε'
+        40: 0,  # 'Η'
+        52: 0,  # 'Θ'
+        47: 0,  # 'Ι'
+        44: 0,  # 'Κ'
+        53: 0,  # 'Λ'
+        38: 0,  # 'Μ'
+        49: 0,  # 'Ν'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ξ'
+        39: 0,  # 'Ο'
+        35: 0,  # 'Π'
+        48: 0,  # 'Ρ'
+        37: 0,  # 'Σ'
+        33: 0,  # 'Τ'
+        45: 0,  # 'Υ'
+        56: 0,  # 'Φ'
+        50: 0,  # 'Χ'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ω'
+        17: 0,  # 'ά'
+        18: 0,  # 'έ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ή'
+        15: 0,  # 'ί'
+        1: 0,  # 'α'
+        29: 1,  # 'β'
+        20: 0,  # 'γ'
+        21: 3,  # 'δ'
+        3: 0,  # 'ε'
+        32: 0,  # 'ζ'
+        13: 1,  # 'η'
+        25: 2,  # 'θ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ι'
+        11: 0,  # 'κ'
+        16: 2,  # 'λ'
+        10: 3,  # 'μ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ν'
+        30: 1,  # 'ξ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ο'
+        9: 2,  # 'π'
+        8: 3,  # 'ρ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ς'
+        7: 3,  # 'σ'
+        2: 3,  # 'τ'
+        12: 0,  # 'υ'
+        28: 1,  # 'φ'
+        23: 1,  # 'χ'
+        42: 0,  # 'ψ'
+        24: 0,  # 'ω'
+        19: 0,  # 'ό'
+        26: 0,  # 'ύ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ώ'
+    },
+}
+
+# 255: Undefined characters that did not exist in training text
+# 254: Carriage/Return
+# 253: symbol (punctuation) that does not belong to word
+# 252: 0 - 9
+# 251: Control characters
+
+# Character Mapping Table(s):
+WINDOWS_1253_GREEK_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 82,  # 'A'
+     66: 100,  # 'B'
+     67: 104,  # 'C'
+     68: 94,  # 'D'
+     69: 98,  # 'E'
+     70: 101,  # 'F'
+     71: 116,  # 'G'
+     72: 102,  # 'H'
+     73: 111,  # 'I'
+     74: 187,  # 'J'
+     75: 117,  # 'K'
+     76: 92,  # 'L'
+     77: 88,  # 'M'
+     78: 113,  # 'N'
+     79: 85,  # 'O'
+     80: 79,  # 'P'
+     81: 118,  # 'Q'
+     82: 105,  # 'R'
+     83: 83,  # 'S'
+     84: 67,  # 'T'
+     85: 114,  # 'U'
+     86: 119,  # 'V'
+     87: 95,  # 'W'
+     88: 99,  # 'X'
+     89: 109,  # 'Y'
+     90: 188,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 72,  # 'a'
+     98: 70,  # 'b'
+     99: 80,  # 'c'
+     100: 81,  # 'd'
+     101: 60,  # 'e'
+     102: 96,  # 'f'
+     103: 93,  # 'g'
+     104: 89,  # 'h'
+     105: 68,  # 'i'
+     106: 120,  # 'j'
+     107: 97,  # 'k'
+     108: 77,  # 'l'
+     109: 86,  # 'm'
+     110: 69,  # 'n'
+     111: 55,  # 'o'
+     112: 78,  # 'p'
+     113: 115,  # 'q'
+     114: 65,  # 'r'
+     115: 66,  # 's'
+     116: 58,  # 't'
+     117: 76,  # 'u'
+     118: 106,  # 'v'
+     119: 103,  # 'w'
+     120: 87,  # 'x'
+     121: 107,  # 'y'
+     122: 112,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 255,  # '€'
+     129: 255,  # None
+     130: 255,  # '‚'
+     131: 255,  # 'ƒ'
+     132: 255,  # '„'
+     133: 255,  # '…'
+     134: 255,  # '†'
+     135: 255,  # '‡'
+     136: 255,  # None
+     137: 255,  # '‰'
+     138: 255,  # None
+     139: 255,  # '‹'
+     140: 255,  # None
+     141: 255,  # None
+     142: 255,  # None
+     143: 255,  # None
+     144: 255,  # None
+     145: 255,  # '‘'
+     146: 255,  # '’'
+     147: 255,  # '“'
+     148: 255,  # '”'
+     149: 255,  # '•'
+     150: 255,  # '–'
+     151: 255,  # '—'
+     152: 255,  # None
+     153: 255,  # '™'
+     154: 255,  # None
+     155: 255,  # '›'
+     156: 255,  # None
+     157: 255,  # None
+     158: 255,  # None
+     159: 255,  # None
+     160: 253,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 233,  # '΅'
+     162: 61,  # 'Ά'
+     163: 253,  # '£'
+     164: 253,  # '¤'
+     165: 253,  # '¥'
+     166: 253,  # '¦'
+     167: 253,  # '§'
+     168: 253,  # '¨'
+     169: 253,  # '©'
+     170: 253,  # None
+     171: 253,  # '«'
+     172: 253,  # '¬'
+     173: 74,  # '\xad'
+     174: 253,  # '®'
+     175: 253,  # '―'
+     176: 253,  # '°'
+     177: 253,  # '±'
+     178: 253,  # '²'
+     179: 253,  # '³'
+     180: 247,  # '΄'
+     181: 253,  # 'µ'
+     182: 253,  # '¶'
+     183: 36,  # '·'
+     184: 46,  # 'Έ'
+     185: 71,  # 'Ή'
+     186: 73,  # 'Ί'
+     187: 253,  # '»'
+     188: 54,  # 'Ό'
+     189: 253,  # '½'
+     190: 108,  # 'Ύ'
+     191: 123,  # 'Ώ'
+     192: 110,  # 'ΐ'
+     193: 31,  # 'Α'
+     194: 51,  # 'Β'
+     195: 43,  # 'Γ'
+     196: 41,  # 'Δ'
+     197: 34,  # 'Ε'
+     198: 91,  # 'Ζ'
+     199: 40,  # 'Η'
+     200: 52,  # 'Θ'
+     201: 47,  # 'Ι'
+     202: 44,  # 'Κ'
+     203: 53,  # 'Λ'
+     204: 38,  # 'Μ'
+     205: 49,  # 'Ν'
+     206: 59,  # 'Ξ'
+     207: 39,  # 'Ο'
+     208: 35,  # 'Π'
+     209: 48,  # 'Ρ'
+     210: 250,  # None
+     211: 37,  # 'Σ'
+     212: 33,  # 'Τ'
+     213: 45,  # 'Υ'
+     214: 56,  # 'Φ'
+     215: 50,  # 'Χ'
+     216: 84,  # 'Ψ'
+     217: 57,  # 'Ω'
+     218: 120,  # 'Ϊ'
+     219: 121,  # 'Ϋ'
+     220: 17,  # 'ά'
+     221: 18,  # 'έ'
+     222: 22,  # 'ή'
+     223: 15,  # 'ί'
+     224: 124,  # 'ΰ'
+     225: 1,  # 'α'
+     226: 29,  # 'β'
+     227: 20,  # 'γ'
+     228: 21,  # 'δ'
+     229: 3,  # 'ε'
+     230: 32,  # 'ζ'
+     231: 13,  # 'η'
+     232: 25,  # 'θ'
+     233: 5,  # 'ι'
+     234: 11,  # 'κ'
+     235: 16,  # 'λ'
+     236: 10,  # 'μ'
+     237: 6,  # 'ν'
+     238: 30,  # 'ξ'
+     239: 4,  # 'ο'
+     240: 9,  # 'π'
+     241: 8,  # 'ρ'
+     242: 14,  # 'ς'
+     243: 7,  # 'σ'
+     244: 2,  # 'τ'
+     245: 12,  # 'υ'
+     246: 28,  # 'φ'
+     247: 23,  # 'χ'
+     248: 42,  # 'ψ'
+     249: 24,  # 'ω'
+     250: 64,  # 'ϊ'
+     251: 75,  # 'ϋ'
+     252: 19,  # 'ό'
+     253: 26,  # 'ύ'
+     254: 27,  # 'ώ'
+     255: 253,  # None
+}
+
+WINDOWS_1253_GREEK_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='windows-1253',
+                                                  language='Greek',
+                                                  char_to_order_map=WINDOWS_1253_GREEK_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                  language_model=GREEK_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                  typical_positive_ratio=0.982851,
+                                                  keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                                  alphabet='ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΑΒΓΔΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΩάέήίαβγδεζηθικλμνξοπρςστυφχψωόύώ')
+
+ISO_8859_7_GREEK_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 82,  # 'A'
+     66: 100,  # 'B'
+     67: 104,  # 'C'
+     68: 94,  # 'D'
+     69: 98,  # 'E'
+     70: 101,  # 'F'
+     71: 116,  # 'G'
+     72: 102,  # 'H'
+     73: 111,  # 'I'
+     74: 187,  # 'J'
+     75: 117,  # 'K'
+     76: 92,  # 'L'
+     77: 88,  # 'M'
+     78: 113,  # 'N'
+     79: 85,  # 'O'
+     80: 79,  # 'P'
+     81: 118,  # 'Q'
+     82: 105,  # 'R'
+     83: 83,  # 'S'
+     84: 67,  # 'T'
+     85: 114,  # 'U'
+     86: 119,  # 'V'
+     87: 95,  # 'W'
+     88: 99,  # 'X'
+     89: 109,  # 'Y'
+     90: 188,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 72,  # 'a'
+     98: 70,  # 'b'
+     99: 80,  # 'c'
+     100: 81,  # 'd'
+     101: 60,  # 'e'
+     102: 96,  # 'f'
+     103: 93,  # 'g'
+     104: 89,  # 'h'
+     105: 68,  # 'i'
+     106: 120,  # 'j'
+     107: 97,  # 'k'
+     108: 77,  # 'l'
+     109: 86,  # 'm'
+     110: 69,  # 'n'
+     111: 55,  # 'o'
+     112: 78,  # 'p'
+     113: 115,  # 'q'
+     114: 65,  # 'r'
+     115: 66,  # 's'
+     116: 58,  # 't'
+     117: 76,  # 'u'
+     118: 106,  # 'v'
+     119: 103,  # 'w'
+     120: 87,  # 'x'
+     121: 107,  # 'y'
+     122: 112,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 255,  # '\x80'
+     129: 255,  # '\x81'
+     130: 255,  # '\x82'
+     131: 255,  # '\x83'
+     132: 255,  # '\x84'
+     133: 255,  # '\x85'
+     134: 255,  # '\x86'
+     135: 255,  # '\x87'
+     136: 255,  # '\x88'
+     137: 255,  # '\x89'
+     138: 255,  # '\x8a'
+     139: 255,  # '\x8b'
+     140: 255,  # '\x8c'
+     141: 255,  # '\x8d'
+     142: 255,  # '\x8e'
+     143: 255,  # '\x8f'
+     144: 255,  # '\x90'
+     145: 255,  # '\x91'
+     146: 255,  # '\x92'
+     147: 255,  # '\x93'
+     148: 255,  # '\x94'
+     149: 255,  # '\x95'
+     150: 255,  # '\x96'
+     151: 255,  # '\x97'
+     152: 255,  # '\x98'
+     153: 255,  # '\x99'
+     154: 255,  # '\x9a'
+     155: 255,  # '\x9b'
+     156: 255,  # '\x9c'
+     157: 255,  # '\x9d'
+     158: 255,  # '\x9e'
+     159: 255,  # '\x9f'
+     160: 253,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 233,  # '‘'
+     162: 90,  # '’'
+     163: 253,  # '£'
+     164: 253,  # '€'
+     165: 253,  # '₯'
+     166: 253,  # '¦'
+     167: 253,  # '§'
+     168: 253,  # '¨'
+     169: 253,  # '©'
+     170: 253,  # 'ͺ'
+     171: 253,  # '«'
+     172: 253,  # '¬'
+     173: 74,  # '\xad'
+     174: 253,  # None
+     175: 253,  # '―'
+     176: 253,  # '°'
+     177: 253,  # '±'
+     178: 253,  # '²'
+     179: 253,  # '³'
+     180: 247,  # '΄'
+     181: 248,  # '΅'
+     182: 61,  # 'Ά'
+     183: 36,  # '·'
+     184: 46,  # 'Έ'
+     185: 71,  # 'Ή'
+     186: 73,  # 'Ί'
+     187: 253,  # '»'
+     188: 54,  # 'Ό'
+     189: 253,  # '½'
+     190: 108,  # 'Ύ'
+     191: 123,  # 'Ώ'
+     192: 110,  # 'ΐ'
+     193: 31,  # 'Α'
+     194: 51,  # 'Β'
+     195: 43,  # 'Γ'
+     196: 41,  # 'Δ'
+     197: 34,  # 'Ε'
+     198: 91,  # 'Ζ'
+     199: 40,  # 'Η'
+     200: 52,  # 'Θ'
+     201: 47,  # 'Ι'
+     202: 44,  # 'Κ'
+     203: 53,  # 'Λ'
+     204: 38,  # 'Μ'
+     205: 49,  # 'Ν'
+     206: 59,  # 'Ξ'
+     207: 39,  # 'Ο'
+     208: 35,  # 'Π'
+     209: 48,  # 'Ρ'
+     210: 250,  # None
+     211: 37,  # 'Σ'
+     212: 33,  # 'Τ'
+     213: 45,  # 'Υ'
+     214: 56,  # 'Φ'
+     215: 50,  # 'Χ'
+     216: 84,  # 'Ψ'
+     217: 57,  # 'Ω'
+     218: 120,  # 'Ϊ'
+     219: 121,  # 'Ϋ'
+     220: 17,  # 'ά'
+     221: 18,  # 'έ'
+     222: 22,  # 'ή'
+     223: 15,  # 'ί'
+     224: 124,  # 'ΰ'
+     225: 1,  # 'α'
+     226: 29,  # 'β'
+     227: 20,  # 'γ'
+     228: 21,  # 'δ'
+     229: 3,  # 'ε'
+     230: 32,  # 'ζ'
+     231: 13,  # 'η'
+     232: 25,  # 'θ'
+     233: 5,  # 'ι'
+     234: 11,  # 'κ'
+     235: 16,  # 'λ'
+     236: 10,  # 'μ'
+     237: 6,  # 'ν'
+     238: 30,  # 'ξ'
+     239: 4,  # 'ο'
+     240: 9,  # 'π'
+     241: 8,  # 'ρ'
+     242: 14,  # 'ς'
+     243: 7,  # 'σ'
+     244: 2,  # 'τ'
+     245: 12,  # 'υ'
+     246: 28,  # 'φ'
+     247: 23,  # 'χ'
+     248: 42,  # 'ψ'
+     249: 24,  # 'ω'
+     250: 64,  # 'ϊ'
+     251: 75,  # 'ϋ'
+     252: 19,  # 'ό'
+     253: 26,  # 'ύ'
+     254: 27,  # 'ώ'
+     255: 253,  # None
+}
+
+ISO_8859_7_GREEK_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='ISO-8859-7',
+                                                language='Greek',
+                                                char_to_order_map=ISO_8859_7_GREEK_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                language_model=GREEK_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                typical_positive_ratio=0.982851,
+                                                keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                                alphabet='ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΑΒΓΔΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΩάέήίαβγδεζηθικλμνξοπρςστυφχψωόύώ')
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langhebrewmodel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langhebrewmodel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..484c652
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langhebrewmodel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4383 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from pip._vendor.chardet.sbcharsetprober import SingleByteCharSetModel
+
+
+# 3: Positive
+# 2: Likely
+# 1: Unlikely
+# 0: Negative
+
+HEBREW_LANG_MODEL = {
+    50: {  # 'a'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 1,  # 'c'
+        61: 1,  # 'd'
+        42: 1,  # 'e'
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+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
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+        52: 1,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
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+        50: 1,  # 'a'
+        60: 1,  # 'c'
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+        55: 0,  # '´'
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+        39: 0,  # '½'
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+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
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+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
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+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
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+        46: 1,  # '”'
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+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
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+        46: 1,  # '”'
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+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
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+        46: 0,  # '”'
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+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
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+        46: 1,  # '”'
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+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
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+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
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+    },
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+        46: 1,  # '”'
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+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
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+        14: 0,  # 'ח'
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+        1: 0,  # 'י'
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+        15: 0,  # 'כ'
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+        6: 0,  # 'מ'
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+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
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+        13: 0,  # 'ע'
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+        18: 0,  # 'פ'
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+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
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+        10: 0,  # 'ש'
+        5: 0,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 1,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 2,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 2,  # '…'
+    },
+    44: {  # 't'
+        50: 1,  # 'a'
+        60: 1,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 2,  # 'e'
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+        56: 1,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
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+        51: 1,  # 'r'
+        43: 1,  # 's'
+        44: 1,  # 't'
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+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
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+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 0,  # 'א'
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+        20: 0,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 0,  # 'ה'
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+        14: 0,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 0,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
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+        4: 0,  # 'ל'
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+        6: 0,  # 'מ'
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+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
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+        13: 0,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 0,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
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+        10: 0,  # 'ש'
+        5: 0,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 2,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    63: {  # 'u'
+        50: 1,  # 'a'
+        60: 1,  # 'c'
+        61: 1,  # 'd'
+        42: 1,  # 'e'
+        53: 1,  # 'i'
+        56: 1,  # 'l'
+        54: 1,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 1,  # 'r'
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+        44: 1,  # 't'
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+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
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+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
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+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
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+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
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+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
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+        9: 0,  # 'א'
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+        3: 0,  # 'ה'
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+        1: 0,  # 'י'
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+        52: 1,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    34: {  # '\xa0'
+        50: 1,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 1,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 1,  # 'i'
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+        54: 1,  # 'n'
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+        34: 2,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
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+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
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+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 2,  # 'א'
+        8: 1,  # 'ב'
+        20: 1,  # 'ג'
+        16: 1,  # 'ד'
+        3: 1,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
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+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 1,  # 'ט'
+        1: 2,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
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+        6: 2,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 1,  # 'נ'
+        19: 1,  # 'ס'
+        13: 1,  # 'ע'
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+        18: 1,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 1,  # 'צ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ק'
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+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
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+        50: 0,  # 'a'
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+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
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+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
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+        9: 1,  # 'א'
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+        1: 2,  # 'י'
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+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    48: {  # '¼'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
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+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
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+        9: 1,  # 'א'
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+        1: 0,  # 'י'
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+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
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+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
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+        50: 0,  # 'a'
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+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
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+        9: 0,  # 'א'
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+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
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+        50: 0,  # 'a'
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+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
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+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
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+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
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+        50: 0,  # 'a'
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+        39: 0,  # '½'
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+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
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+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
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+        48: 0,  # '¼'
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+        8: 2,  # 'ב'
+        20: 1,  # 'ג'
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+        1: 1,  # 'י'
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+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
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+        46: 0,  # '”'
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+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
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+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 1,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
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+        33: 1,  # 'ִ'
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+        36: 1,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
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+        28: 1,  # 'ּ'
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+        9: 1,  # 'א'
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+        20: 2,  # 'ג'
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+        3: 1,  # 'ה'
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+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 1,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 1,  # 'ך'
+        15: 2,  # 'כ'
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+        6: 2,  # 'מ'
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+        13: 1,  # 'ע'
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+        40: 0,  # '…'
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+        20: 1,  # 'ג'
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+        3: 2,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
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+        1: 3,  # 'י'
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+        1: 2,  # 'י'
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+        46: 0,  # '”'
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+        40: 0,  # '…'
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+        30: 1,  # 'ְ'
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+        9: 2,  # 'א'
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+        3: 2,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
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+        1: 3,  # 'י'
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+        46: 0,  # '”'
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+        40: 0,  # '…'
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+        39: 0,  # '½'
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+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
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+        9: 2,  # 'א'
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+        20: 2,  # 'ג'
+        16: 2,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 2,  # 'ו'
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+        22: 1,  # 'ט'
+        1: 2,  # 'י'
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+        46: 0,  # '”'
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+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    35: {  # 'ֹ'
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+        40: 0,  # '…'
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+        24: 0,  # 'ז'
+        14: 0,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 1,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 0,  # 'כ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 0,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
+        19: 0,  # 'ס'
+        13: 1,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 0,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
+        7: 0,  # 'ר'
+        10: 0,  # 'ש'
+        5: 0,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    45: {  # 'ׂ'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 1,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 1,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 1,  # 'א'
+        8: 0,  # 'ב'
+        20: 1,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 1,  # 'ה'
+        2: 2,  # 'ו'
+        24: 0,  # 'ז'
+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 1,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 0,  # 'כ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ל'
+        11: 1,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 1,  # 'נ'
+        19: 0,  # 'ס'
+        13: 1,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 1,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
+        7: 1,  # 'ר'
+        10: 0,  # 'ש'
+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    9: {  # 'א'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 1,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 2,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 2,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 2,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 3,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 2,  # 'ע'
+        26: 3,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    8: {  # 'ב'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 1,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 3,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 2,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 2,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 1,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 1,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    20: {  # 'ג'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 2,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 1,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 1,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 2,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 2,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 2,  # 'ח'
+        22: 2,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 1,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 2,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 2,  # 'פ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 1,  # 'צ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 1,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    16: {  # 'ד'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 1,  # 'ז'
+        14: 2,  # 'ח'
+        22: 2,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 2,  # 'ך'
+        15: 2,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 2,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 2,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    3: {  # 'ה'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 1,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 1,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 1,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 1,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 2,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 3,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 1,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 1,  # '–'
+        52: 1,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 2,  # '…'
+    },
+    2: {  # 'ו'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 1,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 1,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 1,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 1,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 3,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 3,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 3,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 3,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 1,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 2,  # '…'
+    },
+    24: {  # 'ז'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 1,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 2,  # 'ב'
+        20: 2,  # 'ג'
+        16: 2,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 2,  # 'ז'
+        14: 2,  # 'ח'
+        22: 1,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 1,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 2,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 2,  # 'נ'
+        19: 1,  # 'ס'
+        13: 2,  # 'ע'
+        26: 1,  # 'ף'
+        18: 1,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 2,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 2,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    14: {  # 'ח'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 1,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 2,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 2,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 2,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 2,  # 'ח'
+        22: 2,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 1,  # 'ך'
+        15: 2,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 1,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 2,  # 'פ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 1,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    22: {  # 'ט'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
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+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 1,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 1,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 1,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 1,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 2,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 2,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 1,  # 'ך'
+        15: 2,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 2,  # 'ם'
+        6: 2,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 2,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 2,  # 'צ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 2,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    1: {  # 'י'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 1,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 1,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 3,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 3,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 1,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 2,  # '…'
+    },
+    25: {  # 'ך'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 1,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 1,  # 'א'
+        8: 0,  # 'ב'
+        20: 0,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 1,  # 'ה'
+        2: 0,  # 'ו'
+        24: 0,  # 'ז'
+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 0,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 0,  # 'כ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
+        19: 0,  # 'ס'
+        13: 0,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 0,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
+        7: 0,  # 'ר'
+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 0,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    15: {  # 'כ'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 3,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 2,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 2,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 3,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 2,  # 'ע'
+        26: 3,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 2,  # 'צ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    4: {  # 'ל'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
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+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 3,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 3,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 1,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    11: {  # 'ם'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 1,  # 'א'
+        8: 1,  # 'ב'
+        20: 1,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 1,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
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+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 1,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ל'
+        11: 1,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 1,  # 'נ'
+        19: 0,  # 'ס'
+        13: 1,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 1,  # 'פ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 1,  # 'צ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ק'
+        7: 1,  # 'ר'
+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 2,  # '…'
+    },
+    6: {  # 'מ'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
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+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 2,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
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+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
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+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    23: {  # 'ן'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 1,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 1,  # 'א'
+        8: 1,  # 'ב'
+        20: 1,  # 'ג'
+        16: 1,  # 'ד'
+        3: 1,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
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+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 1,  # 'ט'
+        1: 1,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
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+        11: 1,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 1,  # 'נ'
+        19: 1,  # 'ס'
+        13: 1,  # 'ע'
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+        18: 1,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ק'
+        7: 1,  # 'ר'
+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
+        32: 1,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 2,  # '…'
+    },
+    12: {  # 'נ'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
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+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 2,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
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+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
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+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    19: {  # 'ס'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 1,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 2,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 2,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 1,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 2,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 2,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 2,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 3,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 2,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    13: {  # 'ע'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 1,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 1,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 1,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 2,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 2,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 2,  # 'ך'
+        15: 2,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 2,  # 'ע'
+        26: 1,  # 'ף'
+        18: 2,  # 'פ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    26: {  # 'ף'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 1,  # 'א'
+        8: 0,  # 'ב'
+        20: 0,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 0,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
+        24: 0,  # 'ז'
+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 0,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
+        19: 1,  # 'ס'
+        13: 0,  # 'ע'
+        26: 1,  # 'ף'
+        18: 1,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ק'
+        7: 1,  # 'ר'
+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 0,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    18: {  # 'פ'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 1,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 1,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 2,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 2,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 2,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 2,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 2,  # 'ם'
+        6: 2,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 2,  # 'פ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    27: {  # 'ץ'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 1,  # 'א'
+        8: 0,  # 'ב'
+        20: 0,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 0,  # 'ה'
+        2: 0,  # 'ו'
+        24: 0,  # 'ז'
+        14: 0,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 0,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 0,  # 'כ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 0,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
+        19: 1,  # 'ס'
+        13: 0,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 0,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
+        7: 1,  # 'ר'
+        10: 0,  # 'ש'
+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    21: {  # 'צ'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 1,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 2,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 1,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 2,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 1,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 2,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 1,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 2,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 0,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    17: {  # 'ק'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 1,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 1,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 2,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 2,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 1,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 2,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 2,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 1,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    7: {  # 'ר'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 2,  # '´'
+        48: 1,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 1,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 3,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 3,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 3,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 3,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 2,  # '…'
+    },
+    10: {  # 'ש'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 1,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 1,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 1,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 1,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 3,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 2,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 3,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
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+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 3,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 3,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 2,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 2,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 1,  # '…'
+    },
+    5: {  # 'ת'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
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+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 1,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 1,  # '¼'
+        39: 1,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 2,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 2,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 2,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 2,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 2,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 3,  # 'א'
+        8: 3,  # 'ב'
+        20: 3,  # 'ג'
+        16: 2,  # 'ד'
+        3: 3,  # 'ה'
+        2: 3,  # 'ו'
+        24: 2,  # 'ז'
+        14: 3,  # 'ח'
+        22: 2,  # 'ט'
+        1: 3,  # 'י'
+        25: 2,  # 'ך'
+        15: 3,  # 'כ'
+        4: 3,  # 'ל'
+        11: 3,  # 'ם'
+        6: 3,  # 'מ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ן'
+        12: 3,  # 'נ'
+        19: 2,  # 'ס'
+        13: 3,  # 'ע'
+        26: 2,  # 'ף'
+        18: 3,  # 'פ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 2,  # 'צ'
+        17: 3,  # 'ק'
+        7: 3,  # 'ר'
+        10: 3,  # 'ש'
+        5: 3,  # 'ת'
+        32: 1,  # '–'
+        52: 1,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 2,  # '…'
+    },
+    32: {  # '–'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 1,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 1,  # 'א'
+        8: 1,  # 'ב'
+        20: 1,  # 'ג'
+        16: 1,  # 'ד'
+        3: 1,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
+        24: 0,  # 'ז'
+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 1,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
+        19: 1,  # 'ס'
+        13: 1,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 1,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 1,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
+        7: 1,  # 'ר'
+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    52: {  # '’'
+        50: 1,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 1,  # 'd'
+        42: 1,  # 'e'
+        53: 1,  # 'i'
+        56: 1,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 1,  # 'r'
+        43: 2,  # 's'
+        44: 2,  # 't'
+        63: 1,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 0,  # 'א'
+        8: 0,  # 'ב'
+        20: 0,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 0,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
+        24: 0,  # 'ז'
+        14: 0,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 0,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 0,  # 'כ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
+        19: 0,  # 'ס'
+        13: 0,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 0,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
+        7: 0,  # 'ר'
+        10: 0,  # 'ש'
+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    47: {  # '“'
+        50: 1,  # 'a'
+        60: 1,  # 'c'
+        61: 1,  # 'd'
+        42: 1,  # 'e'
+        53: 1,  # 'i'
+        56: 1,  # 'l'
+        54: 1,  # 'n'
+        49: 1,  # 'o'
+        51: 1,  # 'r'
+        43: 1,  # 's'
+        44: 1,  # 't'
+        63: 1,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 2,  # 'א'
+        8: 1,  # 'ב'
+        20: 1,  # 'ג'
+        16: 1,  # 'ד'
+        3: 1,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
+        24: 1,  # 'ז'
+        14: 1,  # 'ח'
+        22: 1,  # 'ט'
+        1: 1,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 1,  # 'נ'
+        19: 1,  # 'ס'
+        13: 1,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 1,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 1,  # 'צ'
+        17: 1,  # 'ק'
+        7: 1,  # 'ר'
+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    46: {  # '”'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 1,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 1,  # 'א'
+        8: 1,  # 'ב'
+        20: 1,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 0,  # 'ה'
+        2: 0,  # 'ו'
+        24: 0,  # 'ז'
+        14: 0,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 1,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
+        19: 0,  # 'ס'
+        13: 0,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 0,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 1,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
+        7: 1,  # 'ר'
+        10: 0,  # 'ש'
+        5: 0,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    58: {  # '†'
+        50: 0,  # 'a'
+        60: 0,  # 'c'
+        61: 0,  # 'd'
+        42: 0,  # 'e'
+        53: 0,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 0,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 0,  # 'r'
+        43: 0,  # 's'
+        44: 0,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 0,  # 'א'
+        8: 0,  # 'ב'
+        20: 0,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 0,  # 'ה'
+        2: 0,  # 'ו'
+        24: 0,  # 'ז'
+        14: 0,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 0,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 0,  # 'כ'
+        4: 0,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 0,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 0,  # 'נ'
+        19: 0,  # 'ס'
+        13: 0,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 0,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
+        7: 0,  # 'ר'
+        10: 0,  # 'ש'
+        5: 0,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 0,  # '”'
+        58: 2,  # '†'
+        40: 0,  # '…'
+    },
+    40: {  # '…'
+        50: 1,  # 'a'
+        60: 1,  # 'c'
+        61: 1,  # 'd'
+        42: 1,  # 'e'
+        53: 1,  # 'i'
+        56: 0,  # 'l'
+        54: 1,  # 'n'
+        49: 0,  # 'o'
+        51: 1,  # 'r'
+        43: 1,  # 's'
+        44: 1,  # 't'
+        63: 0,  # 'u'
+        34: 0,  # '\xa0'
+        55: 0,  # '´'
+        48: 0,  # '¼'
+        39: 0,  # '½'
+        57: 0,  # '¾'
+        30: 0,  # 'ְ'
+        59: 0,  # 'ֱ'
+        41: 0,  # 'ֲ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ִ'
+        37: 0,  # 'ֵ'
+        36: 0,  # 'ֶ'
+        31: 0,  # 'ַ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ָ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ֹ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ֻ'
+        28: 0,  # 'ּ'
+        38: 0,  # 'ׁ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ׂ'
+        9: 1,  # 'א'
+        8: 0,  # 'ב'
+        20: 0,  # 'ג'
+        16: 0,  # 'ד'
+        3: 1,  # 'ה'
+        2: 1,  # 'ו'
+        24: 1,  # 'ז'
+        14: 0,  # 'ח'
+        22: 0,  # 'ט'
+        1: 1,  # 'י'
+        25: 0,  # 'ך'
+        15: 1,  # 'כ'
+        4: 1,  # 'ל'
+        11: 0,  # 'ם'
+        6: 1,  # 'מ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ן'
+        12: 1,  # 'נ'
+        19: 0,  # 'ס'
+        13: 0,  # 'ע'
+        26: 0,  # 'ף'
+        18: 1,  # 'פ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ץ'
+        21: 0,  # 'צ'
+        17: 0,  # 'ק'
+        7: 1,  # 'ר'
+        10: 1,  # 'ש'
+        5: 1,  # 'ת'
+        32: 0,  # '–'
+        52: 0,  # '’'
+        47: 0,  # '“'
+        46: 1,  # '”'
+        58: 0,  # '†'
+        40: 2,  # '…'
+    },
+}
+
+# 255: Undefined characters that did not exist in training text
+# 254: Carriage/Return
+# 253: symbol (punctuation) that does not belong to word
+# 252: 0 - 9
+# 251: Control characters
+
+# Character Mapping Table(s):
+WINDOWS_1255_HEBREW_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 69,  # 'A'
+     66: 91,  # 'B'
+     67: 79,  # 'C'
+     68: 80,  # 'D'
+     69: 92,  # 'E'
+     70: 89,  # 'F'
+     71: 97,  # 'G'
+     72: 90,  # 'H'
+     73: 68,  # 'I'
+     74: 111,  # 'J'
+     75: 112,  # 'K'
+     76: 82,  # 'L'
+     77: 73,  # 'M'
+     78: 95,  # 'N'
+     79: 85,  # 'O'
+     80: 78,  # 'P'
+     81: 121,  # 'Q'
+     82: 86,  # 'R'
+     83: 71,  # 'S'
+     84: 67,  # 'T'
+     85: 102,  # 'U'
+     86: 107,  # 'V'
+     87: 84,  # 'W'
+     88: 114,  # 'X'
+     89: 103,  # 'Y'
+     90: 115,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 50,  # 'a'
+     98: 74,  # 'b'
+     99: 60,  # 'c'
+     100: 61,  # 'd'
+     101: 42,  # 'e'
+     102: 76,  # 'f'
+     103: 70,  # 'g'
+     104: 64,  # 'h'
+     105: 53,  # 'i'
+     106: 105,  # 'j'
+     107: 93,  # 'k'
+     108: 56,  # 'l'
+     109: 65,  # 'm'
+     110: 54,  # 'n'
+     111: 49,  # 'o'
+     112: 66,  # 'p'
+     113: 110,  # 'q'
+     114: 51,  # 'r'
+     115: 43,  # 's'
+     116: 44,  # 't'
+     117: 63,  # 'u'
+     118: 81,  # 'v'
+     119: 77,  # 'w'
+     120: 98,  # 'x'
+     121: 75,  # 'y'
+     122: 108,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 124,  # '€'
+     129: 202,  # None
+     130: 203,  # '‚'
+     131: 204,  # 'ƒ'
+     132: 205,  # '„'
+     133: 40,  # '…'
+     134: 58,  # '†'
+     135: 206,  # '‡'
+     136: 207,  # 'ˆ'
+     137: 208,  # '‰'
+     138: 209,  # None
+     139: 210,  # '‹'
+     140: 211,  # None
+     141: 212,  # None
+     142: 213,  # None
+     143: 214,  # None
+     144: 215,  # None
+     145: 83,  # '‘'
+     146: 52,  # '’'
+     147: 47,  # '“'
+     148: 46,  # '”'
+     149: 72,  # '•'
+     150: 32,  # '–'
+     151: 94,  # '—'
+     152: 216,  # '˜'
+     153: 113,  # '™'
+     154: 217,  # None
+     155: 109,  # '›'
+     156: 218,  # None
+     157: 219,  # None
+     158: 220,  # None
+     159: 221,  # None
+     160: 34,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 116,  # '¡'
+     162: 222,  # '¢'
+     163: 118,  # '£'
+     164: 100,  # '₪'
+     165: 223,  # '¥'
+     166: 224,  # '¦'
+     167: 117,  # '§'
+     168: 119,  # '¨'
+     169: 104,  # '©'
+     170: 125,  # '×'
+     171: 225,  # '«'
+     172: 226,  # '¬'
+     173: 87,  # '\xad'
+     174: 99,  # '®'
+     175: 227,  # '¯'
+     176: 106,  # '°'
+     177: 122,  # '±'
+     178: 123,  # '²'
+     179: 228,  # '³'
+     180: 55,  # '´'
+     181: 229,  # 'µ'
+     182: 230,  # '¶'
+     183: 101,  # '·'
+     184: 231,  # '¸'
+     185: 232,  # '¹'
+     186: 120,  # '÷'
+     187: 233,  # '»'
+     188: 48,  # '¼'
+     189: 39,  # '½'
+     190: 57,  # '¾'
+     191: 234,  # '¿'
+     192: 30,  # 'ְ'
+     193: 59,  # 'ֱ'
+     194: 41,  # 'ֲ'
+     195: 88,  # 'ֳ'
+     196: 33,  # 'ִ'
+     197: 37,  # 'ֵ'
+     198: 36,  # 'ֶ'
+     199: 31,  # 'ַ'
+     200: 29,  # 'ָ'
+     201: 35,  # 'ֹ'
+     202: 235,  # None
+     203: 62,  # 'ֻ'
+     204: 28,  # 'ּ'
+     205: 236,  # 'ֽ'
+     206: 126,  # '־'
+     207: 237,  # 'ֿ'
+     208: 238,  # '׀'
+     209: 38,  # 'ׁ'
+     210: 45,  # 'ׂ'
+     211: 239,  # '׃'
+     212: 240,  # 'װ'
+     213: 241,  # 'ױ'
+     214: 242,  # 'ײ'
+     215: 243,  # '׳'
+     216: 127,  # '״'
+     217: 244,  # None
+     218: 245,  # None
+     219: 246,  # None
+     220: 247,  # None
+     221: 248,  # None
+     222: 249,  # None
+     223: 250,  # None
+     224: 9,  # 'א'
+     225: 8,  # 'ב'
+     226: 20,  # 'ג'
+     227: 16,  # 'ד'
+     228: 3,  # 'ה'
+     229: 2,  # 'ו'
+     230: 24,  # 'ז'
+     231: 14,  # 'ח'
+     232: 22,  # 'ט'
+     233: 1,  # 'י'
+     234: 25,  # 'ך'
+     235: 15,  # 'כ'
+     236: 4,  # 'ל'
+     237: 11,  # 'ם'
+     238: 6,  # 'מ'
+     239: 23,  # 'ן'
+     240: 12,  # 'נ'
+     241: 19,  # 'ס'
+     242: 13,  # 'ע'
+     243: 26,  # 'ף'
+     244: 18,  # 'פ'
+     245: 27,  # 'ץ'
+     246: 21,  # 'צ'
+     247: 17,  # 'ק'
+     248: 7,  # 'ר'
+     249: 10,  # 'ש'
+     250: 5,  # 'ת'
+     251: 251,  # None
+     252: 252,  # None
+     253: 128,  # '\u200e'
+     254: 96,  # '\u200f'
+     255: 253,  # None
+}
+
+WINDOWS_1255_HEBREW_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='windows-1255',
+                                                   language='Hebrew',
+                                                   char_to_order_map=WINDOWS_1255_HEBREW_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                   language_model=HEBREW_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                   typical_positive_ratio=0.984004,
+                                                   keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                                   alphabet='אבגדהוזחטיךכלםמןנסעףפץצקרשתװױײ')
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langhungarianmodel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langhungarianmodel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bbc5cda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langhungarianmodel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4650 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from pip._vendor.chardet.sbcharsetprober import SingleByteCharSetModel
+
+
+# 3: Positive
+# 2: Likely
+# 1: Unlikely
+# 0: Negative
+
+HUNGARIAN_LANG_MODEL = {
+    28: {  # 'A'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 2,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 2,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 2,  # 'K'
+        41: 2,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 2,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 2,  # 'P'
+        43: 2,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 2,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 2,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 2,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 1,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    40: {  # 'B'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 2,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    54: {  # 'C'
+        28: 1,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    45: {  # 'D'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 2,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    32: {  # 'E'
+        28: 1,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 2,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 2,  # 'K'
+        41: 2,  # 'L'
+        34: 2,  # 'M'
+        35: 2,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 2,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 2,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 2,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 1,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    50: {  # 'F'
+        28: 1,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    49: {  # 'G'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 2,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 2,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    38: {  # 'H'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 2,  # 'Á'
+        44: 2,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    39: {  # 'I'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 2,  # 'K'
+        41: 2,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 2,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 2,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 2,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 2,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 2,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    53: {  # 'J'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 0,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 2,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    36: {  # 'K'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 2,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 2,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    41: {  # 'L'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 2,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 2,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 2,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 0,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 2,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    34: {  # 'M'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 2,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    35: {  # 'N'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 2,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 2,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 2,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 0,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 2,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    47: {  # 'O'
+        28: 1,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 2,  # 'K'
+        41: 2,  # 'L'
+        34: 2,  # 'M'
+        35: 2,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 2,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 2,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 2,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 1,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    46: {  # 'P'
+        28: 1,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 2,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 2,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    43: {  # 'R'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 2,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 2,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 0,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 2,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 2,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 2,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    33: {  # 'S'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 2,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 2,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 3,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 0,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 2,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    37: {  # 'T'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 2,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 2,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 2,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 2,  # 'Á'
+        44: 2,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    57: {  # 'U'
+        28: 1,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 2,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    48: {  # 'V'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 0,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 2,  # 'Á'
+        44: 2,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    55: {  # 'Y'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 2,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 0,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 1,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    52: {  # 'Z'
+        28: 2,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 2,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 2,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 2,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 1,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 1,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 2,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 1,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    2: {  # 'a'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 3,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 3,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 3,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 1,  # 'x'
+        16: 2,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    18: {  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 2,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    26: {  # 'c'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 2,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    17: {  # 'd'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 2,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 2,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 3,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 2,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 3,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 2,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    1: {  # 'e'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 3,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 3,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 3,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 3,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 2,  # 'x'
+        16: 2,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    27: {  # 'f'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    12: {  # 'g'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 2,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 3,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 3,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 2,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    20: {  # 'h'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 2,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 3,  # 'í'
+        25: 2,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    9: {  # 'i'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 3,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 3,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 2,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 1,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    22: {  # 'j'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 2,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 3,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    7: {  # 'k'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 2,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 2,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 3,  # 'í'
+        25: 2,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 3,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    6: {  # 'l'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 2,  # 'b'
+        26: 3,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 3,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 3,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 3,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 3,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 3,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    13: {  # 'm'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 3,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 2,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 2,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 2,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    4: {  # 'n'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 3,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 2,  # 'v'
+        62: 1,  # 'x'
+        16: 3,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 2,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 3,  # 'ü'
+        42: 2,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    8: {  # 'o'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 1,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 3,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 3,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 1,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    23: {  # 'p'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 3,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 2,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 2,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 2,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    10: {  # 'r'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 3,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 3,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 1,  # 'x'
+        16: 2,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 3,  # 'ú'
+        29: 3,  # 'ü'
+        42: 2,  # 'ő'
+        56: 2,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    5: {  # 's'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 2,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 2,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 2,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 3,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 3,  # 'ú'
+        29: 3,  # 'ü'
+        42: 2,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    3: {  # 't'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 3,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 3,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 3,  # 'ú'
+        29: 3,  # 'ü'
+        42: 3,  # 'ő'
+        56: 2,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    21: {  # 'u'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 2,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 2,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 1,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 2,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    19: {  # 'v'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 2,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 2,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 2,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 2,  # 'ó'
+        24: 2,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    62: {  # 'x'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 1,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    16: {  # 'y'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 2,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 2,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 2,  # 'í'
+        25: 2,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 2,  # 'ü'
+        42: 1,  # 'ő'
+        56: 2,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    11: {  # 'z'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 3,  # 'a'
+        18: 2,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 3,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 2,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 3,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 3,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 3,  # 'u'
+        19: 2,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 3,  # 'á'
+        15: 3,  # 'é'
+        30: 3,  # 'í'
+        25: 3,  # 'ó'
+        24: 3,  # 'ö'
+        31: 2,  # 'ú'
+        29: 3,  # 'ü'
+        42: 2,  # 'ő'
+        56: 1,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    51: {  # 'Á'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 2,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 2,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 2,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 2,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 1,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    44: {  # 'É'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 1,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 2,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 2,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 2,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 2,  # 'R'
+        33: 2,  # 'S'
+        37: 2,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    61: {  # 'Í'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 2,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 0,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    58: {  # 'Ó'
+        28: 1,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 1,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 2,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 0,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 1,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    59: {  # 'Ö'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 1,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 0,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    60: {  # 'Ú'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 1,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 1,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 0,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 0,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 2,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 0,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 0,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    63: {  # 'Ü'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 1,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 1,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 1,  # 'G'
+        38: 1,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 1,  # 'J'
+        36: 1,  # 'K'
+        41: 1,  # 'L'
+        34: 1,  # 'M'
+        35: 1,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 1,  # 'R'
+        33: 1,  # 'S'
+        37: 1,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 1,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 1,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 0,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 0,  # 'j'
+        7: 0,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 1,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    14: {  # 'á'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 3,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 3,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 2,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 1,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 2,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    15: {  # 'é'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 3,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 3,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    30: {  # 'í'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 0,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    25: {  # 'ó'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 2,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 3,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 2,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 2,  # 'i'
+        22: 2,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 2,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 1,  # 'ö'
+        31: 1,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    24: {  # 'ö'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 0,  # 'a'
+        18: 3,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 2,  # 'd'
+        1: 0,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 2,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 0,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 2,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 3,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 3,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 3,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    31: {  # 'ú'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 2,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 2,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 3,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 3,  # 'r'
+        5: 3,  # 's'
+        3: 2,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 1,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    29: {  # 'ü'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 2,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 3,  # 'g'
+        20: 2,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 3,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 2,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 2,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    42: {  # 'ő'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 2,  # 'b'
+        26: 1,  # 'c'
+        17: 2,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 2,  # 'k'
+        6: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 1,  # 'o'
+        23: 1,  # 'p'
+        10: 2,  # 'r'
+        5: 2,  # 's'
+        3: 2,  # 't'
+        21: 1,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 1,  # 'é'
+        30: 1,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 1,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+    56: {  # 'ű'
+        28: 0,  # 'A'
+        40: 0,  # 'B'
+        54: 0,  # 'C'
+        45: 0,  # 'D'
+        32: 0,  # 'E'
+        50: 0,  # 'F'
+        49: 0,  # 'G'
+        38: 0,  # 'H'
+        39: 0,  # 'I'
+        53: 0,  # 'J'
+        36: 0,  # 'K'
+        41: 0,  # 'L'
+        34: 0,  # 'M'
+        35: 0,  # 'N'
+        47: 0,  # 'O'
+        46: 0,  # 'P'
+        43: 0,  # 'R'
+        33: 0,  # 'S'
+        37: 0,  # 'T'
+        57: 0,  # 'U'
+        48: 0,  # 'V'
+        55: 0,  # 'Y'
+        52: 0,  # 'Z'
+        2: 1,  # 'a'
+        18: 1,  # 'b'
+        26: 0,  # 'c'
+        17: 1,  # 'd'
+        1: 1,  # 'e'
+        27: 1,  # 'f'
+        12: 1,  # 'g'
+        20: 1,  # 'h'
+        9: 1,  # 'i'
+        22: 1,  # 'j'
+        7: 1,  # 'k'
+        6: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        8: 0,  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'p'
+        10: 1,  # 'r'
+        5: 1,  # 's'
+        3: 1,  # 't'
+        21: 0,  # 'u'
+        19: 1,  # 'v'
+        62: 0,  # 'x'
+        16: 0,  # 'y'
+        11: 2,  # 'z'
+        51: 0,  # 'Á'
+        44: 0,  # 'É'
+        61: 0,  # 'Í'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ó'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        60: 0,  # 'Ú'
+        63: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        14: 0,  # 'á'
+        15: 0,  # 'é'
+        30: 0,  # 'í'
+        25: 0,  # 'ó'
+        24: 0,  # 'ö'
+        31: 0,  # 'ú'
+        29: 0,  # 'ü'
+        42: 0,  # 'ő'
+        56: 0,  # 'ű'
+    },
+}
+
+# 255: Undefined characters that did not exist in training text
+# 254: Carriage/Return
+# 253: symbol (punctuation) that does not belong to word
+# 252: 0 - 9
+# 251: Control characters
+
+# Character Mapping Table(s):
+WINDOWS_1250_HUNGARIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 28,  # 'A'
+     66: 40,  # 'B'
+     67: 54,  # 'C'
+     68: 45,  # 'D'
+     69: 32,  # 'E'
+     70: 50,  # 'F'
+     71: 49,  # 'G'
+     72: 38,  # 'H'
+     73: 39,  # 'I'
+     74: 53,  # 'J'
+     75: 36,  # 'K'
+     76: 41,  # 'L'
+     77: 34,  # 'M'
+     78: 35,  # 'N'
+     79: 47,  # 'O'
+     80: 46,  # 'P'
+     81: 72,  # 'Q'
+     82: 43,  # 'R'
+     83: 33,  # 'S'
+     84: 37,  # 'T'
+     85: 57,  # 'U'
+     86: 48,  # 'V'
+     87: 64,  # 'W'
+     88: 68,  # 'X'
+     89: 55,  # 'Y'
+     90: 52,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 2,  # 'a'
+     98: 18,  # 'b'
+     99: 26,  # 'c'
+     100: 17,  # 'd'
+     101: 1,  # 'e'
+     102: 27,  # 'f'
+     103: 12,  # 'g'
+     104: 20,  # 'h'
+     105: 9,  # 'i'
+     106: 22,  # 'j'
+     107: 7,  # 'k'
+     108: 6,  # 'l'
+     109: 13,  # 'm'
+     110: 4,  # 'n'
+     111: 8,  # 'o'
+     112: 23,  # 'p'
+     113: 67,  # 'q'
+     114: 10,  # 'r'
+     115: 5,  # 's'
+     116: 3,  # 't'
+     117: 21,  # 'u'
+     118: 19,  # 'v'
+     119: 65,  # 'w'
+     120: 62,  # 'x'
+     121: 16,  # 'y'
+     122: 11,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 161,  # '€'
+     129: 162,  # None
+     130: 163,  # '‚'
+     131: 164,  # None
+     132: 165,  # '„'
+     133: 166,  # '…'
+     134: 167,  # '†'
+     135: 168,  # '‡'
+     136: 169,  # None
+     137: 170,  # '‰'
+     138: 171,  # 'Š'
+     139: 172,  # '‹'
+     140: 173,  # 'Ś'
+     141: 174,  # 'Ť'
+     142: 175,  # 'Ž'
+     143: 176,  # 'Ź'
+     144: 177,  # None
+     145: 178,  # '‘'
+     146: 179,  # '’'
+     147: 180,  # '“'
+     148: 78,  # '”'
+     149: 181,  # '•'
+     150: 69,  # '–'
+     151: 182,  # '—'
+     152: 183,  # None
+     153: 184,  # '™'
+     154: 185,  # 'š'
+     155: 186,  # '›'
+     156: 187,  # 'ś'
+     157: 188,  # 'ť'
+     158: 189,  # 'ž'
+     159: 190,  # 'ź'
+     160: 191,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 192,  # 'ˇ'
+     162: 193,  # '˘'
+     163: 194,  # 'Ł'
+     164: 195,  # '¤'
+     165: 196,  # 'Ą'
+     166: 197,  # '¦'
+     167: 76,  # '§'
+     168: 198,  # '¨'
+     169: 199,  # '©'
+     170: 200,  # 'Ş'
+     171: 201,  # '«'
+     172: 202,  # '¬'
+     173: 203,  # '\xad'
+     174: 204,  # '®'
+     175: 205,  # 'Ż'
+     176: 81,  # '°'
+     177: 206,  # '±'
+     178: 207,  # '˛'
+     179: 208,  # 'ł'
+     180: 209,  # '´'
+     181: 210,  # 'µ'
+     182: 211,  # '¶'
+     183: 212,  # '·'
+     184: 213,  # '¸'
+     185: 214,  # 'ą'
+     186: 215,  # 'ş'
+     187: 216,  # '»'
+     188: 217,  # 'Ľ'
+     189: 218,  # '˝'
+     190: 219,  # 'ľ'
+     191: 220,  # 'ż'
+     192: 221,  # 'Ŕ'
+     193: 51,  # 'Á'
+     194: 83,  # 'Â'
+     195: 222,  # 'Ă'
+     196: 80,  # 'Ä'
+     197: 223,  # 'Ĺ'
+     198: 224,  # 'Ć'
+     199: 225,  # 'Ç'
+     200: 226,  # 'Č'
+     201: 44,  # 'É'
+     202: 227,  # 'Ę'
+     203: 228,  # 'Ë'
+     204: 229,  # 'Ě'
+     205: 61,  # 'Í'
+     206: 230,  # 'Î'
+     207: 231,  # 'Ď'
+     208: 232,  # 'Đ'
+     209: 233,  # 'Ń'
+     210: 234,  # 'Ň'
+     211: 58,  # 'Ó'
+     212: 235,  # 'Ô'
+     213: 66,  # 'Ő'
+     214: 59,  # 'Ö'
+     215: 236,  # '×'
+     216: 237,  # 'Ř'
+     217: 238,  # 'Ů'
+     218: 60,  # 'Ú'
+     219: 70,  # 'Ű'
+     220: 63,  # 'Ü'
+     221: 239,  # 'Ý'
+     222: 240,  # 'Ţ'
+     223: 241,  # 'ß'
+     224: 84,  # 'ŕ'
+     225: 14,  # 'á'
+     226: 75,  # 'â'
+     227: 242,  # 'ă'
+     228: 71,  # 'ä'
+     229: 82,  # 'ĺ'
+     230: 243,  # 'ć'
+     231: 73,  # 'ç'
+     232: 244,  # 'č'
+     233: 15,  # 'é'
+     234: 85,  # 'ę'
+     235: 79,  # 'ë'
+     236: 86,  # 'ě'
+     237: 30,  # 'í'
+     238: 77,  # 'î'
+     239: 87,  # 'ď'
+     240: 245,  # 'đ'
+     241: 246,  # 'ń'
+     242: 247,  # 'ň'
+     243: 25,  # 'ó'
+     244: 74,  # 'ô'
+     245: 42,  # 'ő'
+     246: 24,  # 'ö'
+     247: 248,  # '÷'
+     248: 249,  # 'ř'
+     249: 250,  # 'ů'
+     250: 31,  # 'ú'
+     251: 56,  # 'ű'
+     252: 29,  # 'ü'
+     253: 251,  # 'ý'
+     254: 252,  # 'ţ'
+     255: 253,  # '˙'
+}
+
+WINDOWS_1250_HUNGARIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='windows-1250',
+                                                      language='Hungarian',
+                                                      char_to_order_map=WINDOWS_1250_HUNGARIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                      language_model=HUNGARIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                      typical_positive_ratio=0.947368,
+                                                      keep_ascii_letters=True,
+                                                      alphabet='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSTUVZabcdefghijklmnoprstuvzÁÉÍÓÖÚÜáéíóöúüŐőŰű')
+
+ISO_8859_2_HUNGARIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 28,  # 'A'
+     66: 40,  # 'B'
+     67: 54,  # 'C'
+     68: 45,  # 'D'
+     69: 32,  # 'E'
+     70: 50,  # 'F'
+     71: 49,  # 'G'
+     72: 38,  # 'H'
+     73: 39,  # 'I'
+     74: 53,  # 'J'
+     75: 36,  # 'K'
+     76: 41,  # 'L'
+     77: 34,  # 'M'
+     78: 35,  # 'N'
+     79: 47,  # 'O'
+     80: 46,  # 'P'
+     81: 71,  # 'Q'
+     82: 43,  # 'R'
+     83: 33,  # 'S'
+     84: 37,  # 'T'
+     85: 57,  # 'U'
+     86: 48,  # 'V'
+     87: 64,  # 'W'
+     88: 68,  # 'X'
+     89: 55,  # 'Y'
+     90: 52,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 2,  # 'a'
+     98: 18,  # 'b'
+     99: 26,  # 'c'
+     100: 17,  # 'd'
+     101: 1,  # 'e'
+     102: 27,  # 'f'
+     103: 12,  # 'g'
+     104: 20,  # 'h'
+     105: 9,  # 'i'
+     106: 22,  # 'j'
+     107: 7,  # 'k'
+     108: 6,  # 'l'
+     109: 13,  # 'm'
+     110: 4,  # 'n'
+     111: 8,  # 'o'
+     112: 23,  # 'p'
+     113: 67,  # 'q'
+     114: 10,  # 'r'
+     115: 5,  # 's'
+     116: 3,  # 't'
+     117: 21,  # 'u'
+     118: 19,  # 'v'
+     119: 65,  # 'w'
+     120: 62,  # 'x'
+     121: 16,  # 'y'
+     122: 11,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 159,  # '\x80'
+     129: 160,  # '\x81'
+     130: 161,  # '\x82'
+     131: 162,  # '\x83'
+     132: 163,  # '\x84'
+     133: 164,  # '\x85'
+     134: 165,  # '\x86'
+     135: 166,  # '\x87'
+     136: 167,  # '\x88'
+     137: 168,  # '\x89'
+     138: 169,  # '\x8a'
+     139: 170,  # '\x8b'
+     140: 171,  # '\x8c'
+     141: 172,  # '\x8d'
+     142: 173,  # '\x8e'
+     143: 174,  # '\x8f'
+     144: 175,  # '\x90'
+     145: 176,  # '\x91'
+     146: 177,  # '\x92'
+     147: 178,  # '\x93'
+     148: 179,  # '\x94'
+     149: 180,  # '\x95'
+     150: 181,  # '\x96'
+     151: 182,  # '\x97'
+     152: 183,  # '\x98'
+     153: 184,  # '\x99'
+     154: 185,  # '\x9a'
+     155: 186,  # '\x9b'
+     156: 187,  # '\x9c'
+     157: 188,  # '\x9d'
+     158: 189,  # '\x9e'
+     159: 190,  # '\x9f'
+     160: 191,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 192,  # 'Ą'
+     162: 193,  # '˘'
+     163: 194,  # 'Ł'
+     164: 195,  # '¤'
+     165: 196,  # 'Ľ'
+     166: 197,  # 'Ś'
+     167: 75,  # '§'
+     168: 198,  # '¨'
+     169: 199,  # 'Š'
+     170: 200,  # 'Ş'
+     171: 201,  # 'Ť'
+     172: 202,  # 'Ź'
+     173: 203,  # '\xad'
+     174: 204,  # 'Ž'
+     175: 205,  # 'Ż'
+     176: 79,  # '°'
+     177: 206,  # 'ą'
+     178: 207,  # '˛'
+     179: 208,  # 'ł'
+     180: 209,  # '´'
+     181: 210,  # 'ľ'
+     182: 211,  # 'ś'
+     183: 212,  # 'ˇ'
+     184: 213,  # '¸'
+     185: 214,  # 'š'
+     186: 215,  # 'ş'
+     187: 216,  # 'ť'
+     188: 217,  # 'ź'
+     189: 218,  # '˝'
+     190: 219,  # 'ž'
+     191: 220,  # 'ż'
+     192: 221,  # 'Ŕ'
+     193: 51,  # 'Á'
+     194: 81,  # 'Â'
+     195: 222,  # 'Ă'
+     196: 78,  # 'Ä'
+     197: 223,  # 'Ĺ'
+     198: 224,  # 'Ć'
+     199: 225,  # 'Ç'
+     200: 226,  # 'Č'
+     201: 44,  # 'É'
+     202: 227,  # 'Ę'
+     203: 228,  # 'Ë'
+     204: 229,  # 'Ě'
+     205: 61,  # 'Í'
+     206: 230,  # 'Î'
+     207: 231,  # 'Ď'
+     208: 232,  # 'Đ'
+     209: 233,  # 'Ń'
+     210: 234,  # 'Ň'
+     211: 58,  # 'Ó'
+     212: 235,  # 'Ô'
+     213: 66,  # 'Ő'
+     214: 59,  # 'Ö'
+     215: 236,  # '×'
+     216: 237,  # 'Ř'
+     217: 238,  # 'Ů'
+     218: 60,  # 'Ú'
+     219: 69,  # 'Ű'
+     220: 63,  # 'Ü'
+     221: 239,  # 'Ý'
+     222: 240,  # 'Ţ'
+     223: 241,  # 'ß'
+     224: 82,  # 'ŕ'
+     225: 14,  # 'á'
+     226: 74,  # 'â'
+     227: 242,  # 'ă'
+     228: 70,  # 'ä'
+     229: 80,  # 'ĺ'
+     230: 243,  # 'ć'
+     231: 72,  # 'ç'
+     232: 244,  # 'č'
+     233: 15,  # 'é'
+     234: 83,  # 'ę'
+     235: 77,  # 'ë'
+     236: 84,  # 'ě'
+     237: 30,  # 'í'
+     238: 76,  # 'î'
+     239: 85,  # 'ď'
+     240: 245,  # 'đ'
+     241: 246,  # 'ń'
+     242: 247,  # 'ň'
+     243: 25,  # 'ó'
+     244: 73,  # 'ô'
+     245: 42,  # 'ő'
+     246: 24,  # 'ö'
+     247: 248,  # '÷'
+     248: 249,  # 'ř'
+     249: 250,  # 'ů'
+     250: 31,  # 'ú'
+     251: 56,  # 'ű'
+     252: 29,  # 'ü'
+     253: 251,  # 'ý'
+     254: 252,  # 'ţ'
+     255: 253,  # '˙'
+}
+
+ISO_8859_2_HUNGARIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='ISO-8859-2',
+                                                    language='Hungarian',
+                                                    char_to_order_map=ISO_8859_2_HUNGARIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                    language_model=HUNGARIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                    typical_positive_ratio=0.947368,
+                                                    keep_ascii_letters=True,
+                                                    alphabet='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSTUVZabcdefghijklmnoprstuvzÁÉÍÓÖÚÜáéíóöúüŐőŰű')
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langrussianmodel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langrussianmodel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5594452
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langrussianmodel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5718 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from pip._vendor.chardet.sbcharsetprober import SingleByteCharSetModel
+
+
+# 3: Positive
+# 2: Likely
+# 1: Unlikely
+# 0: Negative
+
+RUSSIAN_LANG_MODEL = {
+    37: {  # 'А'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 1,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 1,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 2,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 1,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 0,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 1,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 1,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    44: {  # 'Б'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 1,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    33: {  # 'В'
+        37: 2,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    46: {  # 'Г'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    41: {  # 'Д'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 2,  # 'Е'
+        56: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 3,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    48: {  # 'Е'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 1,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 1,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 2,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 2,  # 'Р'
+        32: 2,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 2,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 2,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    56: {  # 'Ж'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 1,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 1,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    51: {  # 'З'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 1,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    42: {  # 'И'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 2,  # 'Е'
+        56: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 1,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 1,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 2,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 1,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 1,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 1,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    60: {  # 'Й'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 1,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 0,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    36: {  # 'К'
+        37: 2,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 1,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 2,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    49: {  # 'Л'
+        37: 2,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 1,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 0,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    38: {  # 'М'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 1,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 1,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 1,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    31: {  # 'Н'
+        37: 2,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 1,  # 'З'
+        42: 2,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 1,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 2,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    34: {  # 'О'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 2,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 1,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 1,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 2,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 2,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 2,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 1,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 0,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 1,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    35: {  # 'П'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 2,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 1,  # 'с'
+        6: 1,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 2,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+    },
+    45: {  # 'Р'
+        37: 2,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 2,  # 'Е'
+        56: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 2,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 2,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 1,  # 'Э'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+    },
+    32: {  # 'С'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 2,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 1,  # 'Э'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 1,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 1,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    40: {  # 'Т'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 2,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 1,  # 'Э'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 1,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 1,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    52: {  # 'У'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 1,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 1,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 1,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 1,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 1,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    53: {  # 'Ф'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 1,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    55: {  # 'Х'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    58: {  # 'Ц'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 1,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 1,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 0,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    50: {  # 'Ч'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 1,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 1,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    57: {  # 'Ш'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 1,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 1,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    63: {  # 'Щ'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 1,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 1,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 1,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 1,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 1,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 0,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    62: {  # 'Ы'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 1,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 1,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 0,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 0,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    61: {  # 'Ь'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 1,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 1,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 0,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 0,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    47: {  # 'Э'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 1,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 1,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 1,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 1,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 0,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 2,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 1,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    59: {  # 'Ю'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 1,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 1,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 1,  # 'д'
+        2: 0,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 1,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    43: {  # 'Я'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 1,  # 'В'
+        46: 1,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 1,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 1,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 1,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 1,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 1,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 1,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 1,  # 'д'
+        2: 0,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 1,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 1,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 1,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    3: {  # 'а'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 1,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 3,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 3,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 3,  # 'ж'
+        20: 3,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 3,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 3,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 3,  # 'х'
+        28: 3,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 3,  # 'ш'
+        29: 3,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 3,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    21: {  # 'б'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 1,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 1,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 3,  # 'щ'
+        54: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 2,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    10: {  # 'в'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 3,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 3,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 3,  # 'ш'
+        29: 2,  # 'щ'
+        54: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 3,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    19: {  # 'г'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    13: {  # 'д'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 3,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 3,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    2: {  # 'е'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 3,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 3,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 3,  # 'ж'
+        20: 3,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 3,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 3,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 3,  # 'х'
+        28: 3,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 3,  # 'ш'
+        29: 3,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    24: {  # 'ж'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 1,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 2,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    20: {  # 'з'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 3,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 3,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 2,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    4: {  # 'и'
+        37: 1,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 3,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 3,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 3,  # 'ж'
+        20: 3,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 3,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 3,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 3,  # 'х'
+        28: 3,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 3,  # 'ш'
+        29: 3,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 3,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    23: {  # 'й'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 1,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 1,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+    },
+    11: {  # 'к'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 1,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 1,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    8: {  # 'л'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 3,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 3,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 3,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 3,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    12: {  # 'м'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 1,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 2,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    5: {  # 'н'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 3,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 3,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 2,  # 'щ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 3,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 3,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    1: {  # 'о'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 3,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 3,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 3,  # 'ж'
+        20: 3,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 3,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 3,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 3,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 3,  # 'ш'
+        29: 3,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 3,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    15: {  # 'п'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 2,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    9: {  # 'р'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 3,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 3,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 3,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 3,  # 'ш'
+        29: 2,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 3,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    7: {  # 'с'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 1,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 3,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 3,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 1,  # 'щ'
+        54: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 3,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 3,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    6: {  # 'т'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 2,  # 'щ'
+        54: 2,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 3,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    14: {  # 'у'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 3,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 3,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 3,  # 'ж'
+        20: 3,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 2,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 3,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 3,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 3,  # 'ш'
+        29: 3,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 3,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+    },
+    39: {  # 'ф'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 1,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 2,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    26: {  # 'х'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 1,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 1,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 1,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 1,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    28: {  # 'ц'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 1,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 1,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 1,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 1,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ы'
+        17: 1,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    22: {  # 'ч'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 1,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 1,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 3,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    25: {  # 'ш'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 3,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 1,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 3,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 1,  # 'ц'
+        22: 1,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 3,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    29: {  # 'щ'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 3,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 3,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 1,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 1,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 2,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 2,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 0,  # 'я'
+    },
+    54: {  # 'ъ'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 0,  # 'б'
+        10: 0,  # 'в'
+        19: 0,  # 'г'
+        13: 0,  # 'д'
+        2: 2,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 0,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 0,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 0,  # 'м'
+        5: 0,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 0,  # 'п'
+        9: 0,  # 'р'
+        7: 0,  # 'с'
+        6: 0,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 0,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 0,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+    },
+    18: {  # 'ы'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 3,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 3,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 1,  # 'о'
+        15: 3,  # 'п'
+        9: 3,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 0,  # 'ф'
+        26: 3,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 3,  # 'ч'
+        25: 3,  # 'ш'
+        29: 2,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 0,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+    },
+    17: {  # 'ь'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 2,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 1,  # 'ж'
+        20: 3,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 0,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 0,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 2,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 1,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 2,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 3,  # 'ш'
+        29: 2,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 3,  # 'ю'
+        16: 3,  # 'я'
+    },
+    30: {  # 'э'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 1,  # 'М'
+        31: 1,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 1,  # 'Р'
+        32: 1,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 1,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 1,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 1,  # 'г'
+        13: 2,  # 'д'
+        2: 1,  # 'е'
+        24: 0,  # 'ж'
+        20: 1,  # 'з'
+        4: 0,  # 'и'
+        23: 2,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 2,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 2,  # 'ф'
+        26: 1,  # 'х'
+        28: 0,  # 'ц'
+        22: 0,  # 'ч'
+        25: 1,  # 'ш'
+        29: 0,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 1,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    27: {  # 'ю'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 2,  # 'а'
+        21: 3,  # 'б'
+        10: 1,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 1,  # 'е'
+        24: 2,  # 'ж'
+        20: 2,  # 'з'
+        4: 1,  # 'и'
+        23: 1,  # 'й'
+        11: 2,  # 'к'
+        8: 2,  # 'л'
+        12: 2,  # 'м'
+        5: 2,  # 'н'
+        1: 1,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 0,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 2,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 3,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 1,  # 'э'
+        27: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 1,  # 'я'
+    },
+    16: {  # 'я'
+        37: 0,  # 'А'
+        44: 0,  # 'Б'
+        33: 0,  # 'В'
+        46: 0,  # 'Г'
+        41: 0,  # 'Д'
+        48: 0,  # 'Е'
+        56: 0,  # 'Ж'
+        51: 0,  # 'З'
+        42: 0,  # 'И'
+        60: 0,  # 'Й'
+        36: 0,  # 'К'
+        49: 0,  # 'Л'
+        38: 0,  # 'М'
+        31: 0,  # 'Н'
+        34: 0,  # 'О'
+        35: 0,  # 'П'
+        45: 0,  # 'Р'
+        32: 0,  # 'С'
+        40: 0,  # 'Т'
+        52: 0,  # 'У'
+        53: 0,  # 'Ф'
+        55: 0,  # 'Х'
+        58: 0,  # 'Ц'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ч'
+        57: 0,  # 'Ш'
+        63: 0,  # 'Щ'
+        62: 0,  # 'Ы'
+        61: 0,  # 'Ь'
+        47: 0,  # 'Э'
+        59: 0,  # 'Ю'
+        43: 0,  # 'Я'
+        3: 0,  # 'а'
+        21: 2,  # 'б'
+        10: 3,  # 'в'
+        19: 2,  # 'г'
+        13: 3,  # 'д'
+        2: 3,  # 'е'
+        24: 3,  # 'ж'
+        20: 3,  # 'з'
+        4: 2,  # 'и'
+        23: 2,  # 'й'
+        11: 3,  # 'к'
+        8: 3,  # 'л'
+        12: 3,  # 'м'
+        5: 3,  # 'н'
+        1: 0,  # 'о'
+        15: 2,  # 'п'
+        9: 2,  # 'р'
+        7: 3,  # 'с'
+        6: 3,  # 'т'
+        14: 1,  # 'у'
+        39: 1,  # 'ф'
+        26: 3,  # 'х'
+        28: 2,  # 'ц'
+        22: 2,  # 'ч'
+        25: 2,  # 'ш'
+        29: 3,  # 'щ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ъ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ы'
+        17: 0,  # 'ь'
+        30: 0,  # 'э'
+        27: 2,  # 'ю'
+        16: 2,  # 'я'
+    },
+}
+
+# 255: Undefined characters that did not exist in training text
+# 254: Carriage/Return
+# 253: symbol (punctuation) that does not belong to word
+# 252: 0 - 9
+# 251: Control characters
+
+# Character Mapping Table(s):
+IBM866_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 142,  # 'A'
+     66: 143,  # 'B'
+     67: 144,  # 'C'
+     68: 145,  # 'D'
+     69: 146,  # 'E'
+     70: 147,  # 'F'
+     71: 148,  # 'G'
+     72: 149,  # 'H'
+     73: 150,  # 'I'
+     74: 151,  # 'J'
+     75: 152,  # 'K'
+     76: 74,  # 'L'
+     77: 153,  # 'M'
+     78: 75,  # 'N'
+     79: 154,  # 'O'
+     80: 155,  # 'P'
+     81: 156,  # 'Q'
+     82: 157,  # 'R'
+     83: 158,  # 'S'
+     84: 159,  # 'T'
+     85: 160,  # 'U'
+     86: 161,  # 'V'
+     87: 162,  # 'W'
+     88: 163,  # 'X'
+     89: 164,  # 'Y'
+     90: 165,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 71,  # 'a'
+     98: 172,  # 'b'
+     99: 66,  # 'c'
+     100: 173,  # 'd'
+     101: 65,  # 'e'
+     102: 174,  # 'f'
+     103: 76,  # 'g'
+     104: 175,  # 'h'
+     105: 64,  # 'i'
+     106: 176,  # 'j'
+     107: 177,  # 'k'
+     108: 77,  # 'l'
+     109: 72,  # 'm'
+     110: 178,  # 'n'
+     111: 69,  # 'o'
+     112: 67,  # 'p'
+     113: 179,  # 'q'
+     114: 78,  # 'r'
+     115: 73,  # 's'
+     116: 180,  # 't'
+     117: 181,  # 'u'
+     118: 79,  # 'v'
+     119: 182,  # 'w'
+     120: 183,  # 'x'
+     121: 184,  # 'y'
+     122: 185,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 37,  # 'А'
+     129: 44,  # 'Б'
+     130: 33,  # 'В'
+     131: 46,  # 'Г'
+     132: 41,  # 'Д'
+     133: 48,  # 'Е'
+     134: 56,  # 'Ж'
+     135: 51,  # 'З'
+     136: 42,  # 'И'
+     137: 60,  # 'Й'
+     138: 36,  # 'К'
+     139: 49,  # 'Л'
+     140: 38,  # 'М'
+     141: 31,  # 'Н'
+     142: 34,  # 'О'
+     143: 35,  # 'П'
+     144: 45,  # 'Р'
+     145: 32,  # 'С'
+     146: 40,  # 'Т'
+     147: 52,  # 'У'
+     148: 53,  # 'Ф'
+     149: 55,  # 'Х'
+     150: 58,  # 'Ц'
+     151: 50,  # 'Ч'
+     152: 57,  # 'Ш'
+     153: 63,  # 'Щ'
+     154: 70,  # 'Ъ'
+     155: 62,  # 'Ы'
+     156: 61,  # 'Ь'
+     157: 47,  # 'Э'
+     158: 59,  # 'Ю'
+     159: 43,  # 'Я'
+     160: 3,  # 'а'
+     161: 21,  # 'б'
+     162: 10,  # 'в'
+     163: 19,  # 'г'
+     164: 13,  # 'д'
+     165: 2,  # 'е'
+     166: 24,  # 'ж'
+     167: 20,  # 'з'
+     168: 4,  # 'и'
+     169: 23,  # 'й'
+     170: 11,  # 'к'
+     171: 8,  # 'л'
+     172: 12,  # 'м'
+     173: 5,  # 'н'
+     174: 1,  # 'о'
+     175: 15,  # 'п'
+     176: 191,  # '░'
+     177: 192,  # '▒'
+     178: 193,  # '▓'
+     179: 194,  # '│'
+     180: 195,  # '┤'
+     181: 196,  # '╡'
+     182: 197,  # '╢'
+     183: 198,  # '╖'
+     184: 199,  # '╕'
+     185: 200,  # '╣'
+     186: 201,  # '║'
+     187: 202,  # '╗'
+     188: 203,  # '╝'
+     189: 204,  # '╜'
+     190: 205,  # '╛'
+     191: 206,  # '┐'
+     192: 207,  # '└'
+     193: 208,  # '┴'
+     194: 209,  # '┬'
+     195: 210,  # '├'
+     196: 211,  # '─'
+     197: 212,  # '┼'
+     198: 213,  # '╞'
+     199: 214,  # '╟'
+     200: 215,  # '╚'
+     201: 216,  # '╔'
+     202: 217,  # '╩'
+     203: 218,  # '╦'
+     204: 219,  # '╠'
+     205: 220,  # '═'
+     206: 221,  # '╬'
+     207: 222,  # '╧'
+     208: 223,  # '╨'
+     209: 224,  # '╤'
+     210: 225,  # '╥'
+     211: 226,  # '╙'
+     212: 227,  # '╘'
+     213: 228,  # '╒'
+     214: 229,  # '╓'
+     215: 230,  # '╫'
+     216: 231,  # '╪'
+     217: 232,  # '┘'
+     218: 233,  # '┌'
+     219: 234,  # '█'
+     220: 235,  # '▄'
+     221: 236,  # '▌'
+     222: 237,  # '▐'
+     223: 238,  # '▀'
+     224: 9,  # 'р'
+     225: 7,  # 'с'
+     226: 6,  # 'т'
+     227: 14,  # 'у'
+     228: 39,  # 'ф'
+     229: 26,  # 'х'
+     230: 28,  # 'ц'
+     231: 22,  # 'ч'
+     232: 25,  # 'ш'
+     233: 29,  # 'щ'
+     234: 54,  # 'ъ'
+     235: 18,  # 'ы'
+     236: 17,  # 'ь'
+     237: 30,  # 'э'
+     238: 27,  # 'ю'
+     239: 16,  # 'я'
+     240: 239,  # 'Ё'
+     241: 68,  # 'ё'
+     242: 240,  # 'Є'
+     243: 241,  # 'є'
+     244: 242,  # 'Ї'
+     245: 243,  # 'ї'
+     246: 244,  # 'Ў'
+     247: 245,  # 'ў'
+     248: 246,  # '°'
+     249: 247,  # '∙'
+     250: 248,  # '·'
+     251: 249,  # '√'
+     252: 250,  # '№'
+     253: 251,  # '¤'
+     254: 252,  # '■'
+     255: 255,  # '\xa0'
+}
+
+IBM866_RUSSIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='IBM866',
+                                              language='Russian',
+                                              char_to_order_map=IBM866_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                              language_model=RUSSIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                              typical_positive_ratio=0.976601,
+                                              keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                              alphabet='ЁАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯабвгдежзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюяё')
+
+WINDOWS_1251_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 142,  # 'A'
+     66: 143,  # 'B'
+     67: 144,  # 'C'
+     68: 145,  # 'D'
+     69: 146,  # 'E'
+     70: 147,  # 'F'
+     71: 148,  # 'G'
+     72: 149,  # 'H'
+     73: 150,  # 'I'
+     74: 151,  # 'J'
+     75: 152,  # 'K'
+     76: 74,  # 'L'
+     77: 153,  # 'M'
+     78: 75,  # 'N'
+     79: 154,  # 'O'
+     80: 155,  # 'P'
+     81: 156,  # 'Q'
+     82: 157,  # 'R'
+     83: 158,  # 'S'
+     84: 159,  # 'T'
+     85: 160,  # 'U'
+     86: 161,  # 'V'
+     87: 162,  # 'W'
+     88: 163,  # 'X'
+     89: 164,  # 'Y'
+     90: 165,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 71,  # 'a'
+     98: 172,  # 'b'
+     99: 66,  # 'c'
+     100: 173,  # 'd'
+     101: 65,  # 'e'
+     102: 174,  # 'f'
+     103: 76,  # 'g'
+     104: 175,  # 'h'
+     105: 64,  # 'i'
+     106: 176,  # 'j'
+     107: 177,  # 'k'
+     108: 77,  # 'l'
+     109: 72,  # 'm'
+     110: 178,  # 'n'
+     111: 69,  # 'o'
+     112: 67,  # 'p'
+     113: 179,  # 'q'
+     114: 78,  # 'r'
+     115: 73,  # 's'
+     116: 180,  # 't'
+     117: 181,  # 'u'
+     118: 79,  # 'v'
+     119: 182,  # 'w'
+     120: 183,  # 'x'
+     121: 184,  # 'y'
+     122: 185,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 191,  # 'Ђ'
+     129: 192,  # 'Ѓ'
+     130: 193,  # '‚'
+     131: 194,  # 'ѓ'
+     132: 195,  # '„'
+     133: 196,  # '…'
+     134: 197,  # '†'
+     135: 198,  # '‡'
+     136: 199,  # '€'
+     137: 200,  # '‰'
+     138: 201,  # 'Љ'
+     139: 202,  # '‹'
+     140: 203,  # 'Њ'
+     141: 204,  # 'Ќ'
+     142: 205,  # 'Ћ'
+     143: 206,  # 'Џ'
+     144: 207,  # 'ђ'
+     145: 208,  # '‘'
+     146: 209,  # '’'
+     147: 210,  # '“'
+     148: 211,  # '”'
+     149: 212,  # '•'
+     150: 213,  # '–'
+     151: 214,  # '—'
+     152: 215,  # None
+     153: 216,  # '™'
+     154: 217,  # 'љ'
+     155: 218,  # '›'
+     156: 219,  # 'њ'
+     157: 220,  # 'ќ'
+     158: 221,  # 'ћ'
+     159: 222,  # 'џ'
+     160: 223,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 224,  # 'Ў'
+     162: 225,  # 'ў'
+     163: 226,  # 'Ј'
+     164: 227,  # '¤'
+     165: 228,  # 'Ґ'
+     166: 229,  # '¦'
+     167: 230,  # '§'
+     168: 231,  # 'Ё'
+     169: 232,  # '©'
+     170: 233,  # 'Є'
+     171: 234,  # '«'
+     172: 235,  # '¬'
+     173: 236,  # '\xad'
+     174: 237,  # '®'
+     175: 238,  # 'Ї'
+     176: 239,  # '°'
+     177: 240,  # '±'
+     178: 241,  # 'І'
+     179: 242,  # 'і'
+     180: 243,  # 'ґ'
+     181: 244,  # 'µ'
+     182: 245,  # '¶'
+     183: 246,  # '·'
+     184: 68,  # 'ё'
+     185: 247,  # '№'
+     186: 248,  # 'є'
+     187: 249,  # '»'
+     188: 250,  # 'ј'
+     189: 251,  # 'Ѕ'
+     190: 252,  # 'ѕ'
+     191: 253,  # 'ї'
+     192: 37,  # 'А'
+     193: 44,  # 'Б'
+     194: 33,  # 'В'
+     195: 46,  # 'Г'
+     196: 41,  # 'Д'
+     197: 48,  # 'Е'
+     198: 56,  # 'Ж'
+     199: 51,  # 'З'
+     200: 42,  # 'И'
+     201: 60,  # 'Й'
+     202: 36,  # 'К'
+     203: 49,  # 'Л'
+     204: 38,  # 'М'
+     205: 31,  # 'Н'
+     206: 34,  # 'О'
+     207: 35,  # 'П'
+     208: 45,  # 'Р'
+     209: 32,  # 'С'
+     210: 40,  # 'Т'
+     211: 52,  # 'У'
+     212: 53,  # 'Ф'
+     213: 55,  # 'Х'
+     214: 58,  # 'Ц'
+     215: 50,  # 'Ч'
+     216: 57,  # 'Ш'
+     217: 63,  # 'Щ'
+     218: 70,  # 'Ъ'
+     219: 62,  # 'Ы'
+     220: 61,  # 'Ь'
+     221: 47,  # 'Э'
+     222: 59,  # 'Ю'
+     223: 43,  # 'Я'
+     224: 3,  # 'а'
+     225: 21,  # 'б'
+     226: 10,  # 'в'
+     227: 19,  # 'г'
+     228: 13,  # 'д'
+     229: 2,  # 'е'
+     230: 24,  # 'ж'
+     231: 20,  # 'з'
+     232: 4,  # 'и'
+     233: 23,  # 'й'
+     234: 11,  # 'к'
+     235: 8,  # 'л'
+     236: 12,  # 'м'
+     237: 5,  # 'н'
+     238: 1,  # 'о'
+     239: 15,  # 'п'
+     240: 9,  # 'р'
+     241: 7,  # 'с'
+     242: 6,  # 'т'
+     243: 14,  # 'у'
+     244: 39,  # 'ф'
+     245: 26,  # 'х'
+     246: 28,  # 'ц'
+     247: 22,  # 'ч'
+     248: 25,  # 'ш'
+     249: 29,  # 'щ'
+     250: 54,  # 'ъ'
+     251: 18,  # 'ы'
+     252: 17,  # 'ь'
+     253: 30,  # 'э'
+     254: 27,  # 'ю'
+     255: 16,  # 'я'
+}
+
+WINDOWS_1251_RUSSIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='windows-1251',
+                                                    language='Russian',
+                                                    char_to_order_map=WINDOWS_1251_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                    language_model=RUSSIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                    typical_positive_ratio=0.976601,
+                                                    keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                                    alphabet='ЁАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯабвгдежзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюяё')
+
+IBM855_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 142,  # 'A'
+     66: 143,  # 'B'
+     67: 144,  # 'C'
+     68: 145,  # 'D'
+     69: 146,  # 'E'
+     70: 147,  # 'F'
+     71: 148,  # 'G'
+     72: 149,  # 'H'
+     73: 150,  # 'I'
+     74: 151,  # 'J'
+     75: 152,  # 'K'
+     76: 74,  # 'L'
+     77: 153,  # 'M'
+     78: 75,  # 'N'
+     79: 154,  # 'O'
+     80: 155,  # 'P'
+     81: 156,  # 'Q'
+     82: 157,  # 'R'
+     83: 158,  # 'S'
+     84: 159,  # 'T'
+     85: 160,  # 'U'
+     86: 161,  # 'V'
+     87: 162,  # 'W'
+     88: 163,  # 'X'
+     89: 164,  # 'Y'
+     90: 165,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 71,  # 'a'
+     98: 172,  # 'b'
+     99: 66,  # 'c'
+     100: 173,  # 'd'
+     101: 65,  # 'e'
+     102: 174,  # 'f'
+     103: 76,  # 'g'
+     104: 175,  # 'h'
+     105: 64,  # 'i'
+     106: 176,  # 'j'
+     107: 177,  # 'k'
+     108: 77,  # 'l'
+     109: 72,  # 'm'
+     110: 178,  # 'n'
+     111: 69,  # 'o'
+     112: 67,  # 'p'
+     113: 179,  # 'q'
+     114: 78,  # 'r'
+     115: 73,  # 's'
+     116: 180,  # 't'
+     117: 181,  # 'u'
+     118: 79,  # 'v'
+     119: 182,  # 'w'
+     120: 183,  # 'x'
+     121: 184,  # 'y'
+     122: 185,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 191,  # 'ђ'
+     129: 192,  # 'Ђ'
+     130: 193,  # 'ѓ'
+     131: 194,  # 'Ѓ'
+     132: 68,  # 'ё'
+     133: 195,  # 'Ё'
+     134: 196,  # 'є'
+     135: 197,  # 'Є'
+     136: 198,  # 'ѕ'
+     137: 199,  # 'Ѕ'
+     138: 200,  # 'і'
+     139: 201,  # 'І'
+     140: 202,  # 'ї'
+     141: 203,  # 'Ї'
+     142: 204,  # 'ј'
+     143: 205,  # 'Ј'
+     144: 206,  # 'љ'
+     145: 207,  # 'Љ'
+     146: 208,  # 'њ'
+     147: 209,  # 'Њ'
+     148: 210,  # 'ћ'
+     149: 211,  # 'Ћ'
+     150: 212,  # 'ќ'
+     151: 213,  # 'Ќ'
+     152: 214,  # 'ў'
+     153: 215,  # 'Ў'
+     154: 216,  # 'џ'
+     155: 217,  # 'Џ'
+     156: 27,  # 'ю'
+     157: 59,  # 'Ю'
+     158: 54,  # 'ъ'
+     159: 70,  # 'Ъ'
+     160: 3,  # 'а'
+     161: 37,  # 'А'
+     162: 21,  # 'б'
+     163: 44,  # 'Б'
+     164: 28,  # 'ц'
+     165: 58,  # 'Ц'
+     166: 13,  # 'д'
+     167: 41,  # 'Д'
+     168: 2,  # 'е'
+     169: 48,  # 'Е'
+     170: 39,  # 'ф'
+     171: 53,  # 'Ф'
+     172: 19,  # 'г'
+     173: 46,  # 'Г'
+     174: 218,  # '«'
+     175: 219,  # '»'
+     176: 220,  # '░'
+     177: 221,  # '▒'
+     178: 222,  # '▓'
+     179: 223,  # '│'
+     180: 224,  # '┤'
+     181: 26,  # 'х'
+     182: 55,  # 'Х'
+     183: 4,  # 'и'
+     184: 42,  # 'И'
+     185: 225,  # '╣'
+     186: 226,  # '║'
+     187: 227,  # '╗'
+     188: 228,  # '╝'
+     189: 23,  # 'й'
+     190: 60,  # 'Й'
+     191: 229,  # '┐'
+     192: 230,  # '└'
+     193: 231,  # '┴'
+     194: 232,  # '┬'
+     195: 233,  # '├'
+     196: 234,  # '─'
+     197: 235,  # '┼'
+     198: 11,  # 'к'
+     199: 36,  # 'К'
+     200: 236,  # '╚'
+     201: 237,  # '╔'
+     202: 238,  # '╩'
+     203: 239,  # '╦'
+     204: 240,  # '╠'
+     205: 241,  # '═'
+     206: 242,  # '╬'
+     207: 243,  # '¤'
+     208: 8,  # 'л'
+     209: 49,  # 'Л'
+     210: 12,  # 'м'
+     211: 38,  # 'М'
+     212: 5,  # 'н'
+     213: 31,  # 'Н'
+     214: 1,  # 'о'
+     215: 34,  # 'О'
+     216: 15,  # 'п'
+     217: 244,  # '┘'
+     218: 245,  # '┌'
+     219: 246,  # '█'
+     220: 247,  # '▄'
+     221: 35,  # 'П'
+     222: 16,  # 'я'
+     223: 248,  # '▀'
+     224: 43,  # 'Я'
+     225: 9,  # 'р'
+     226: 45,  # 'Р'
+     227: 7,  # 'с'
+     228: 32,  # 'С'
+     229: 6,  # 'т'
+     230: 40,  # 'Т'
+     231: 14,  # 'у'
+     232: 52,  # 'У'
+     233: 24,  # 'ж'
+     234: 56,  # 'Ж'
+     235: 10,  # 'в'
+     236: 33,  # 'В'
+     237: 17,  # 'ь'
+     238: 61,  # 'Ь'
+     239: 249,  # '№'
+     240: 250,  # '\xad'
+     241: 18,  # 'ы'
+     242: 62,  # 'Ы'
+     243: 20,  # 'з'
+     244: 51,  # 'З'
+     245: 25,  # 'ш'
+     246: 57,  # 'Ш'
+     247: 30,  # 'э'
+     248: 47,  # 'Э'
+     249: 29,  # 'щ'
+     250: 63,  # 'Щ'
+     251: 22,  # 'ч'
+     252: 50,  # 'Ч'
+     253: 251,  # '§'
+     254: 252,  # '■'
+     255: 255,  # '\xa0'
+}
+
+IBM855_RUSSIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='IBM855',
+                                              language='Russian',
+                                              char_to_order_map=IBM855_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                              language_model=RUSSIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                              typical_positive_ratio=0.976601,
+                                              keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                              alphabet='ЁАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯабвгдежзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюяё')
+
+KOI8_R_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 142,  # 'A'
+     66: 143,  # 'B'
+     67: 144,  # 'C'
+     68: 145,  # 'D'
+     69: 146,  # 'E'
+     70: 147,  # 'F'
+     71: 148,  # 'G'
+     72: 149,  # 'H'
+     73: 150,  # 'I'
+     74: 151,  # 'J'
+     75: 152,  # 'K'
+     76: 74,  # 'L'
+     77: 153,  # 'M'
+     78: 75,  # 'N'
+     79: 154,  # 'O'
+     80: 155,  # 'P'
+     81: 156,  # 'Q'
+     82: 157,  # 'R'
+     83: 158,  # 'S'
+     84: 159,  # 'T'
+     85: 160,  # 'U'
+     86: 161,  # 'V'
+     87: 162,  # 'W'
+     88: 163,  # 'X'
+     89: 164,  # 'Y'
+     90: 165,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 71,  # 'a'
+     98: 172,  # 'b'
+     99: 66,  # 'c'
+     100: 173,  # 'd'
+     101: 65,  # 'e'
+     102: 174,  # 'f'
+     103: 76,  # 'g'
+     104: 175,  # 'h'
+     105: 64,  # 'i'
+     106: 176,  # 'j'
+     107: 177,  # 'k'
+     108: 77,  # 'l'
+     109: 72,  # 'm'
+     110: 178,  # 'n'
+     111: 69,  # 'o'
+     112: 67,  # 'p'
+     113: 179,  # 'q'
+     114: 78,  # 'r'
+     115: 73,  # 's'
+     116: 180,  # 't'
+     117: 181,  # 'u'
+     118: 79,  # 'v'
+     119: 182,  # 'w'
+     120: 183,  # 'x'
+     121: 184,  # 'y'
+     122: 185,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 191,  # '─'
+     129: 192,  # '│'
+     130: 193,  # '┌'
+     131: 194,  # '┐'
+     132: 195,  # '└'
+     133: 196,  # '┘'
+     134: 197,  # '├'
+     135: 198,  # '┤'
+     136: 199,  # '┬'
+     137: 200,  # '┴'
+     138: 201,  # '┼'
+     139: 202,  # '▀'
+     140: 203,  # '▄'
+     141: 204,  # '█'
+     142: 205,  # '▌'
+     143: 206,  # '▐'
+     144: 207,  # '░'
+     145: 208,  # '▒'
+     146: 209,  # '▓'
+     147: 210,  # '⌠'
+     148: 211,  # '■'
+     149: 212,  # '∙'
+     150: 213,  # '√'
+     151: 214,  # '≈'
+     152: 215,  # '≤'
+     153: 216,  # '≥'
+     154: 217,  # '\xa0'
+     155: 218,  # '⌡'
+     156: 219,  # '°'
+     157: 220,  # '²'
+     158: 221,  # '·'
+     159: 222,  # '÷'
+     160: 223,  # '═'
+     161: 224,  # '║'
+     162: 225,  # '╒'
+     163: 68,  # 'ё'
+     164: 226,  # '╓'
+     165: 227,  # '╔'
+     166: 228,  # '╕'
+     167: 229,  # '╖'
+     168: 230,  # '╗'
+     169: 231,  # '╘'
+     170: 232,  # '╙'
+     171: 233,  # '╚'
+     172: 234,  # '╛'
+     173: 235,  # '╜'
+     174: 236,  # '╝'
+     175: 237,  # '╞'
+     176: 238,  # '╟'
+     177: 239,  # '╠'
+     178: 240,  # '╡'
+     179: 241,  # 'Ё'
+     180: 242,  # '╢'
+     181: 243,  # '╣'
+     182: 244,  # '╤'
+     183: 245,  # '╥'
+     184: 246,  # '╦'
+     185: 247,  # '╧'
+     186: 248,  # '╨'
+     187: 249,  # '╩'
+     188: 250,  # '╪'
+     189: 251,  # '╫'
+     190: 252,  # '╬'
+     191: 253,  # '©'
+     192: 27,  # 'ю'
+     193: 3,  # 'а'
+     194: 21,  # 'б'
+     195: 28,  # 'ц'
+     196: 13,  # 'д'
+     197: 2,  # 'е'
+     198: 39,  # 'ф'
+     199: 19,  # 'г'
+     200: 26,  # 'х'
+     201: 4,  # 'и'
+     202: 23,  # 'й'
+     203: 11,  # 'к'
+     204: 8,  # 'л'
+     205: 12,  # 'м'
+     206: 5,  # 'н'
+     207: 1,  # 'о'
+     208: 15,  # 'п'
+     209: 16,  # 'я'
+     210: 9,  # 'р'
+     211: 7,  # 'с'
+     212: 6,  # 'т'
+     213: 14,  # 'у'
+     214: 24,  # 'ж'
+     215: 10,  # 'в'
+     216: 17,  # 'ь'
+     217: 18,  # 'ы'
+     218: 20,  # 'з'
+     219: 25,  # 'ш'
+     220: 30,  # 'э'
+     221: 29,  # 'щ'
+     222: 22,  # 'ч'
+     223: 54,  # 'ъ'
+     224: 59,  # 'Ю'
+     225: 37,  # 'А'
+     226: 44,  # 'Б'
+     227: 58,  # 'Ц'
+     228: 41,  # 'Д'
+     229: 48,  # 'Е'
+     230: 53,  # 'Ф'
+     231: 46,  # 'Г'
+     232: 55,  # 'Х'
+     233: 42,  # 'И'
+     234: 60,  # 'Й'
+     235: 36,  # 'К'
+     236: 49,  # 'Л'
+     237: 38,  # 'М'
+     238: 31,  # 'Н'
+     239: 34,  # 'О'
+     240: 35,  # 'П'
+     241: 43,  # 'Я'
+     242: 45,  # 'Р'
+     243: 32,  # 'С'
+     244: 40,  # 'Т'
+     245: 52,  # 'У'
+     246: 56,  # 'Ж'
+     247: 33,  # 'В'
+     248: 61,  # 'Ь'
+     249: 62,  # 'Ы'
+     250: 51,  # 'З'
+     251: 57,  # 'Ш'
+     252: 47,  # 'Э'
+     253: 63,  # 'Щ'
+     254: 50,  # 'Ч'
+     255: 70,  # 'Ъ'
+}
+
+KOI8_R_RUSSIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='KOI8-R',
+                                              language='Russian',
+                                              char_to_order_map=KOI8_R_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                              language_model=RUSSIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                              typical_positive_ratio=0.976601,
+                                              keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                              alphabet='ЁАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯабвгдежзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюяё')
+
+MACCYRILLIC_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 142,  # 'A'
+     66: 143,  # 'B'
+     67: 144,  # 'C'
+     68: 145,  # 'D'
+     69: 146,  # 'E'
+     70: 147,  # 'F'
+     71: 148,  # 'G'
+     72: 149,  # 'H'
+     73: 150,  # 'I'
+     74: 151,  # 'J'
+     75: 152,  # 'K'
+     76: 74,  # 'L'
+     77: 153,  # 'M'
+     78: 75,  # 'N'
+     79: 154,  # 'O'
+     80: 155,  # 'P'
+     81: 156,  # 'Q'
+     82: 157,  # 'R'
+     83: 158,  # 'S'
+     84: 159,  # 'T'
+     85: 160,  # 'U'
+     86: 161,  # 'V'
+     87: 162,  # 'W'
+     88: 163,  # 'X'
+     89: 164,  # 'Y'
+     90: 165,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 71,  # 'a'
+     98: 172,  # 'b'
+     99: 66,  # 'c'
+     100: 173,  # 'd'
+     101: 65,  # 'e'
+     102: 174,  # 'f'
+     103: 76,  # 'g'
+     104: 175,  # 'h'
+     105: 64,  # 'i'
+     106: 176,  # 'j'
+     107: 177,  # 'k'
+     108: 77,  # 'l'
+     109: 72,  # 'm'
+     110: 178,  # 'n'
+     111: 69,  # 'o'
+     112: 67,  # 'p'
+     113: 179,  # 'q'
+     114: 78,  # 'r'
+     115: 73,  # 's'
+     116: 180,  # 't'
+     117: 181,  # 'u'
+     118: 79,  # 'v'
+     119: 182,  # 'w'
+     120: 183,  # 'x'
+     121: 184,  # 'y'
+     122: 185,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 37,  # 'А'
+     129: 44,  # 'Б'
+     130: 33,  # 'В'
+     131: 46,  # 'Г'
+     132: 41,  # 'Д'
+     133: 48,  # 'Е'
+     134: 56,  # 'Ж'
+     135: 51,  # 'З'
+     136: 42,  # 'И'
+     137: 60,  # 'Й'
+     138: 36,  # 'К'
+     139: 49,  # 'Л'
+     140: 38,  # 'М'
+     141: 31,  # 'Н'
+     142: 34,  # 'О'
+     143: 35,  # 'П'
+     144: 45,  # 'Р'
+     145: 32,  # 'С'
+     146: 40,  # 'Т'
+     147: 52,  # 'У'
+     148: 53,  # 'Ф'
+     149: 55,  # 'Х'
+     150: 58,  # 'Ц'
+     151: 50,  # 'Ч'
+     152: 57,  # 'Ш'
+     153: 63,  # 'Щ'
+     154: 70,  # 'Ъ'
+     155: 62,  # 'Ы'
+     156: 61,  # 'Ь'
+     157: 47,  # 'Э'
+     158: 59,  # 'Ю'
+     159: 43,  # 'Я'
+     160: 191,  # '†'
+     161: 192,  # '°'
+     162: 193,  # 'Ґ'
+     163: 194,  # '£'
+     164: 195,  # '§'
+     165: 196,  # '•'
+     166: 197,  # '¶'
+     167: 198,  # 'І'
+     168: 199,  # '®'
+     169: 200,  # '©'
+     170: 201,  # '™'
+     171: 202,  # 'Ђ'
+     172: 203,  # 'ђ'
+     173: 204,  # '≠'
+     174: 205,  # 'Ѓ'
+     175: 206,  # 'ѓ'
+     176: 207,  # '∞'
+     177: 208,  # '±'
+     178: 209,  # '≤'
+     179: 210,  # '≥'
+     180: 211,  # 'і'
+     181: 212,  # 'µ'
+     182: 213,  # 'ґ'
+     183: 214,  # 'Ј'
+     184: 215,  # 'Є'
+     185: 216,  # 'є'
+     186: 217,  # 'Ї'
+     187: 218,  # 'ї'
+     188: 219,  # 'Љ'
+     189: 220,  # 'љ'
+     190: 221,  # 'Њ'
+     191: 222,  # 'њ'
+     192: 223,  # 'ј'
+     193: 224,  # 'Ѕ'
+     194: 225,  # '¬'
+     195: 226,  # '√'
+     196: 227,  # 'ƒ'
+     197: 228,  # '≈'
+     198: 229,  # '∆'
+     199: 230,  # '«'
+     200: 231,  # '»'
+     201: 232,  # '…'
+     202: 233,  # '\xa0'
+     203: 234,  # 'Ћ'
+     204: 235,  # 'ћ'
+     205: 236,  # 'Ќ'
+     206: 237,  # 'ќ'
+     207: 238,  # 'ѕ'
+     208: 239,  # '–'
+     209: 240,  # '—'
+     210: 241,  # '“'
+     211: 242,  # '”'
+     212: 243,  # '‘'
+     213: 244,  # '’'
+     214: 245,  # '÷'
+     215: 246,  # '„'
+     216: 247,  # 'Ў'
+     217: 248,  # 'ў'
+     218: 249,  # 'Џ'
+     219: 250,  # 'џ'
+     220: 251,  # '№'
+     221: 252,  # 'Ё'
+     222: 68,  # 'ё'
+     223: 16,  # 'я'
+     224: 3,  # 'а'
+     225: 21,  # 'б'
+     226: 10,  # 'в'
+     227: 19,  # 'г'
+     228: 13,  # 'д'
+     229: 2,  # 'е'
+     230: 24,  # 'ж'
+     231: 20,  # 'з'
+     232: 4,  # 'и'
+     233: 23,  # 'й'
+     234: 11,  # 'к'
+     235: 8,  # 'л'
+     236: 12,  # 'м'
+     237: 5,  # 'н'
+     238: 1,  # 'о'
+     239: 15,  # 'п'
+     240: 9,  # 'р'
+     241: 7,  # 'с'
+     242: 6,  # 'т'
+     243: 14,  # 'у'
+     244: 39,  # 'ф'
+     245: 26,  # 'х'
+     246: 28,  # 'ц'
+     247: 22,  # 'ч'
+     248: 25,  # 'ш'
+     249: 29,  # 'щ'
+     250: 54,  # 'ъ'
+     251: 18,  # 'ы'
+     252: 17,  # 'ь'
+     253: 30,  # 'э'
+     254: 27,  # 'ю'
+     255: 255,  # '€'
+}
+
+MACCYRILLIC_RUSSIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='MacCyrillic',
+                                                   language='Russian',
+                                                   char_to_order_map=MACCYRILLIC_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                   language_model=RUSSIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                   typical_positive_ratio=0.976601,
+                                                   keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                                   alphabet='ЁАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯабвгдежзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюяё')
+
+ISO_8859_5_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 142,  # 'A'
+     66: 143,  # 'B'
+     67: 144,  # 'C'
+     68: 145,  # 'D'
+     69: 146,  # 'E'
+     70: 147,  # 'F'
+     71: 148,  # 'G'
+     72: 149,  # 'H'
+     73: 150,  # 'I'
+     74: 151,  # 'J'
+     75: 152,  # 'K'
+     76: 74,  # 'L'
+     77: 153,  # 'M'
+     78: 75,  # 'N'
+     79: 154,  # 'O'
+     80: 155,  # 'P'
+     81: 156,  # 'Q'
+     82: 157,  # 'R'
+     83: 158,  # 'S'
+     84: 159,  # 'T'
+     85: 160,  # 'U'
+     86: 161,  # 'V'
+     87: 162,  # 'W'
+     88: 163,  # 'X'
+     89: 164,  # 'Y'
+     90: 165,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 71,  # 'a'
+     98: 172,  # 'b'
+     99: 66,  # 'c'
+     100: 173,  # 'd'
+     101: 65,  # 'e'
+     102: 174,  # 'f'
+     103: 76,  # 'g'
+     104: 175,  # 'h'
+     105: 64,  # 'i'
+     106: 176,  # 'j'
+     107: 177,  # 'k'
+     108: 77,  # 'l'
+     109: 72,  # 'm'
+     110: 178,  # 'n'
+     111: 69,  # 'o'
+     112: 67,  # 'p'
+     113: 179,  # 'q'
+     114: 78,  # 'r'
+     115: 73,  # 's'
+     116: 180,  # 't'
+     117: 181,  # 'u'
+     118: 79,  # 'v'
+     119: 182,  # 'w'
+     120: 183,  # 'x'
+     121: 184,  # 'y'
+     122: 185,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 191,  # '\x80'
+     129: 192,  # '\x81'
+     130: 193,  # '\x82'
+     131: 194,  # '\x83'
+     132: 195,  # '\x84'
+     133: 196,  # '\x85'
+     134: 197,  # '\x86'
+     135: 198,  # '\x87'
+     136: 199,  # '\x88'
+     137: 200,  # '\x89'
+     138: 201,  # '\x8a'
+     139: 202,  # '\x8b'
+     140: 203,  # '\x8c'
+     141: 204,  # '\x8d'
+     142: 205,  # '\x8e'
+     143: 206,  # '\x8f'
+     144: 207,  # '\x90'
+     145: 208,  # '\x91'
+     146: 209,  # '\x92'
+     147: 210,  # '\x93'
+     148: 211,  # '\x94'
+     149: 212,  # '\x95'
+     150: 213,  # '\x96'
+     151: 214,  # '\x97'
+     152: 215,  # '\x98'
+     153: 216,  # '\x99'
+     154: 217,  # '\x9a'
+     155: 218,  # '\x9b'
+     156: 219,  # '\x9c'
+     157: 220,  # '\x9d'
+     158: 221,  # '\x9e'
+     159: 222,  # '\x9f'
+     160: 223,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 224,  # 'Ё'
+     162: 225,  # 'Ђ'
+     163: 226,  # 'Ѓ'
+     164: 227,  # 'Є'
+     165: 228,  # 'Ѕ'
+     166: 229,  # 'І'
+     167: 230,  # 'Ї'
+     168: 231,  # 'Ј'
+     169: 232,  # 'Љ'
+     170: 233,  # 'Њ'
+     171: 234,  # 'Ћ'
+     172: 235,  # 'Ќ'
+     173: 236,  # '\xad'
+     174: 237,  # 'Ў'
+     175: 238,  # 'Џ'
+     176: 37,  # 'А'
+     177: 44,  # 'Б'
+     178: 33,  # 'В'
+     179: 46,  # 'Г'
+     180: 41,  # 'Д'
+     181: 48,  # 'Е'
+     182: 56,  # 'Ж'
+     183: 51,  # 'З'
+     184: 42,  # 'И'
+     185: 60,  # 'Й'
+     186: 36,  # 'К'
+     187: 49,  # 'Л'
+     188: 38,  # 'М'
+     189: 31,  # 'Н'
+     190: 34,  # 'О'
+     191: 35,  # 'П'
+     192: 45,  # 'Р'
+     193: 32,  # 'С'
+     194: 40,  # 'Т'
+     195: 52,  # 'У'
+     196: 53,  # 'Ф'
+     197: 55,  # 'Х'
+     198: 58,  # 'Ц'
+     199: 50,  # 'Ч'
+     200: 57,  # 'Ш'
+     201: 63,  # 'Щ'
+     202: 70,  # 'Ъ'
+     203: 62,  # 'Ы'
+     204: 61,  # 'Ь'
+     205: 47,  # 'Э'
+     206: 59,  # 'Ю'
+     207: 43,  # 'Я'
+     208: 3,  # 'а'
+     209: 21,  # 'б'
+     210: 10,  # 'в'
+     211: 19,  # 'г'
+     212: 13,  # 'д'
+     213: 2,  # 'е'
+     214: 24,  # 'ж'
+     215: 20,  # 'з'
+     216: 4,  # 'и'
+     217: 23,  # 'й'
+     218: 11,  # 'к'
+     219: 8,  # 'л'
+     220: 12,  # 'м'
+     221: 5,  # 'н'
+     222: 1,  # 'о'
+     223: 15,  # 'п'
+     224: 9,  # 'р'
+     225: 7,  # 'с'
+     226: 6,  # 'т'
+     227: 14,  # 'у'
+     228: 39,  # 'ф'
+     229: 26,  # 'х'
+     230: 28,  # 'ц'
+     231: 22,  # 'ч'
+     232: 25,  # 'ш'
+     233: 29,  # 'щ'
+     234: 54,  # 'ъ'
+     235: 18,  # 'ы'
+     236: 17,  # 'ь'
+     237: 30,  # 'э'
+     238: 27,  # 'ю'
+     239: 16,  # 'я'
+     240: 239,  # '№'
+     241: 68,  # 'ё'
+     242: 240,  # 'ђ'
+     243: 241,  # 'ѓ'
+     244: 242,  # 'є'
+     245: 243,  # 'ѕ'
+     246: 244,  # 'і'
+     247: 245,  # 'ї'
+     248: 246,  # 'ј'
+     249: 247,  # 'љ'
+     250: 248,  # 'њ'
+     251: 249,  # 'ћ'
+     252: 250,  # 'ќ'
+     253: 251,  # '§'
+     254: 252,  # 'ў'
+     255: 255,  # 'џ'
+}
+
+ISO_8859_5_RUSSIAN_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='ISO-8859-5',
+                                                  language='Russian',
+                                                  char_to_order_map=ISO_8859_5_RUSSIAN_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                  language_model=RUSSIAN_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                  typical_positive_ratio=0.976601,
+                                                  keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                                  alphabet='ЁАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯабвгдежзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюяё')
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langthaimodel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langthaimodel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a37db5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langthaimodel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4383 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from pip._vendor.chardet.sbcharsetprober import SingleByteCharSetModel
+
+
+# 3: Positive
+# 2: Likely
+# 1: Unlikely
+# 0: Negative
+
+THAI_LANG_MODEL = {
+    5: {  # 'ก'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 3,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 2,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 2,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 2,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 2,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 3,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 3,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ื'
+        32: 2,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 1,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 3,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 2,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    30: {  # 'ข'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 2,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 3,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ื'
+        32: 1,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 2,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    24: {  # 'ค'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 2,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 2,  # 'า'
+        36: 3,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 3,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 3,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    8: {  # 'ง'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 3,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 2,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 2,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 2,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 2,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 1,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ส'
+        21: 3,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 1,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ื'
+        32: 1,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 3,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 2,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    26: {  # 'จ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 3,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 3,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 3,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 2,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    52: {  # 'ฉ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 3,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 1,  # 'ั'
+        1: 1,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 1,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 1,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    34: {  # 'ช'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 1,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 2,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 1,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    51: {  # 'ซ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 1,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 1,  # 'ั'
+        1: 1,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 1,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 3,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ื'
+        32: 1,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 1,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    47: {  # 'ญ'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 3,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 2,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 1,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 1,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 2,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    58: {  # 'ฎ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 1,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
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+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    57: {  # 'ฏ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    49: {  # 'ฐ'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    53: {  # 'ฑ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 3,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    55: {  # 'ฒ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 1,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    43: {  # 'ณ'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 3,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 3,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 1,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 3,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    20: {  # 'ด'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 1,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 3,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 2,  # 'า'
+        36: 2,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 1,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 2,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 2,  # '็'
+        6: 1,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    19: {  # 'ต'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 2,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 2,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 2,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 1,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 2,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 2,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    44: {  # 'ถ'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 1,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 2,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 3,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ื'
+        32: 2,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 3,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 2,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    14: {  # 'ท'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 3,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 3,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 2,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 3,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 1,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 3,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 1,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 3,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 2,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 2,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    48: {  # 'ธ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 1,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 2,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 2,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 3,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    3: {  # 'น'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 3,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 1,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 2,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 3,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 2,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 2,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 1,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 3,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 3,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 3,  # 'โ'
+        29: 3,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 3,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 2,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 2,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    17: {  # 'บ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 2,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 2,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 2,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    25: {  # 'ป'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 1,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 3,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 1,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 1,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 1,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 1,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 3,  # '็'
+        6: 1,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    39: {  # 'ผ'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 1,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 3,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 1,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    62: {  # 'ฝ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 1,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 1,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 2,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 2,  # '่'
+        7: 1,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    31: {  # 'พ'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 1,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 2,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 1,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ื'
+        32: 1,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 1,  # '้'
+        38: 3,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    54: {  # 'ฟ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 2,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 2,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 1,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 1,  # 'ื'
+        32: 1,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    45: {  # 'ภ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 1,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    9: {  # 'ม'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 1,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 3,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 2,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 1,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ส'
+        21: 3,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 3,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 2,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 1,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    16: {  # 'ย'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 2,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 2,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 1,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 2,  # 'ื'
+        32: 2,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 3,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 2,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 3,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    2: {  # 'ร'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 2,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 3,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 3,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 3,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 3,  # 'ป'
+        39: 2,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 2,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 2,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 2,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 2,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 3,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 3,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 3,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 3,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    61: {  # 'ฤ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 2,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    15: {  # 'ล'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 3,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 1,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 3,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 2,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 2,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 2,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ื'
+        32: 2,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 3,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 2,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 2,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    12: {  # 'ว'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 1,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 3,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 2,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 2,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 1,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    42: {  # 'ศ'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 1,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 2,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 2,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 3,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 2,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    46: {  # 'ษ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 2,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 1,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 2,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 3,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 2,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 2,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    18: {  # 'ส'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 3,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 2,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 3,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 3,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 2,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 3,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 1,  # '้'
+        38: 2,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    21: {  # 'ห'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 2,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 1,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 1,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 1,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 1,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 3,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 2,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    4: {  # 'อ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 3,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 2,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 3,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 2,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 2,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 3,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 3,  # 'ื'
+        32: 3,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 1,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 1,  # '็'
+        6: 2,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    63: {  # 'ฯ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    22: {  # 'ะ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 3,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 2,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ส'
+        21: 3,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    10: {  # 'ั'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 3,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 3,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 2,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 3,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 3,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 2,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 3,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 2,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    1: {  # 'า'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 3,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 3,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 3,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 2,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 3,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 2,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 3,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 3,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 2,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 3,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ส'
+        21: 3,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 3,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 1,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    36: {  # 'ำ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 3,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 1,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 3,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    23: {  # 'ิ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 3,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 3,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 2,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 3,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 2,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 3,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 2,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 3,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 2,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 3,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 2,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    13: {  # 'ี'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 1,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 1,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 2,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 3,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 1,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    40: {  # 'ึ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    27: {  # 'ื'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    32: {  # 'ุ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 3,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 2,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 1,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 3,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 2,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 2,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 2,  # '้'
+        38: 1,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    35: {  # 'ู'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 2,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 1,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 2,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 3,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 1,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 3,  # '่'
+        7: 3,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    11: {  # 'เ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 3,  # 'ข'
+        24: 3,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 3,  # 'จ'
+        52: 3,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 3,  # 'ช'
+        51: 2,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 1,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 3,  # 'ป'
+        39: 2,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 3,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 3,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 2,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ส'
+        21: 3,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    28: {  # 'แ'
+        5: 3,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 1,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 3,  # 'ต'
+        44: 2,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 3,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 2,  # 'พ'
+        54: 2,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ส'
+        21: 3,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    41: {  # 'โ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 1,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 3,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 1,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 1,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 3,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    29: {  # 'ใ'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 3,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 3,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 3,  # 'ส'
+        21: 3,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    33: {  # 'ไ'
+        5: 1,  # 'ก'
+        30: 2,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 3,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 3,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 3,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 2,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 3,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    50: {  # 'ๆ'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    37: {  # '็'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 2,  # 'ง'
+        26: 3,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 1,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 3,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 1,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 2,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 1,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 1,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    6: {  # '่'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 1,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 1,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 2,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 1,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 3,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 2,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 1,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 2,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 3,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 1,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    7: {  # '้'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 2,  # 'ค'
+        8: 3,  # 'ง'
+        26: 2,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 1,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 1,  # 'ด'
+        19: 2,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 2,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 3,  # 'น'
+        17: 2,  # 'บ'
+        25: 2,  # 'ป'
+        39: 2,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 3,  # 'ม'
+        16: 2,  # 'ย'
+        2: 2,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 3,  # 'ว'
+        42: 1,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 2,  # 'ส'
+        21: 2,  # 'ห'
+        4: 3,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 3,  # 'า'
+        36: 2,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 2,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 2,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    38: {  # '์'
+        5: 2,  # 'ก'
+        30: 1,  # 'ข'
+        24: 1,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 1,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 1,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 2,  # 'ด'
+        19: 1,  # 'ต'
+        44: 1,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 1,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 1,  # 'น'
+        17: 1,  # 'บ'
+        25: 1,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 1,  # 'พ'
+        54: 1,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 2,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 1,  # 'ร'
+        61: 1,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 1,  # 'ล'
+        12: 1,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 1,  # 'ส'
+        21: 1,  # 'ห'
+        4: 2,  # 'อ'
+        63: 1,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 2,  # 'เ'
+        28: 2,  # 'แ'
+        41: 1,  # 'โ'
+        29: 1,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 1,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 0,  # '๑'
+        59: 0,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+    56: {  # '๑'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 2,  # '๑'
+        59: 1,  # '๒'
+        60: 1,  # '๕'
+    },
+    59: {  # '๒'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 1,  # '๑'
+        59: 1,  # '๒'
+        60: 3,  # '๕'
+    },
+    60: {  # '๕'
+        5: 0,  # 'ก'
+        30: 0,  # 'ข'
+        24: 0,  # 'ค'
+        8: 0,  # 'ง'
+        26: 0,  # 'จ'
+        52: 0,  # 'ฉ'
+        34: 0,  # 'ช'
+        51: 0,  # 'ซ'
+        47: 0,  # 'ญ'
+        58: 0,  # 'ฎ'
+        57: 0,  # 'ฏ'
+        49: 0,  # 'ฐ'
+        53: 0,  # 'ฑ'
+        55: 0,  # 'ฒ'
+        43: 0,  # 'ณ'
+        20: 0,  # 'ด'
+        19: 0,  # 'ต'
+        44: 0,  # 'ถ'
+        14: 0,  # 'ท'
+        48: 0,  # 'ธ'
+        3: 0,  # 'น'
+        17: 0,  # 'บ'
+        25: 0,  # 'ป'
+        39: 0,  # 'ผ'
+        62: 0,  # 'ฝ'
+        31: 0,  # 'พ'
+        54: 0,  # 'ฟ'
+        45: 0,  # 'ภ'
+        9: 0,  # 'ม'
+        16: 0,  # 'ย'
+        2: 0,  # 'ร'
+        61: 0,  # 'ฤ'
+        15: 0,  # 'ล'
+        12: 0,  # 'ว'
+        42: 0,  # 'ศ'
+        46: 0,  # 'ษ'
+        18: 0,  # 'ส'
+        21: 0,  # 'ห'
+        4: 0,  # 'อ'
+        63: 0,  # 'ฯ'
+        22: 0,  # 'ะ'
+        10: 0,  # 'ั'
+        1: 0,  # 'า'
+        36: 0,  # 'ำ'
+        23: 0,  # 'ิ'
+        13: 0,  # 'ี'
+        40: 0,  # 'ึ'
+        27: 0,  # 'ื'
+        32: 0,  # 'ุ'
+        35: 0,  # 'ู'
+        11: 0,  # 'เ'
+        28: 0,  # 'แ'
+        41: 0,  # 'โ'
+        29: 0,  # 'ใ'
+        33: 0,  # 'ไ'
+        50: 0,  # 'ๆ'
+        37: 0,  # '็'
+        6: 0,  # '่'
+        7: 0,  # '้'
+        38: 0,  # '์'
+        56: 2,  # '๑'
+        59: 1,  # '๒'
+        60: 0,  # '๕'
+    },
+}
+
+# 255: Undefined characters that did not exist in training text
+# 254: Carriage/Return
+# 253: symbol (punctuation) that does not belong to word
+# 252: 0 - 9
+# 251: Control characters
+
+# Character Mapping Table(s):
+TIS_620_THAI_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 254,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 254,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 253,  # ' '
+     33: 253,  # '!'
+     34: 253,  # '"'
+     35: 253,  # '#'
+     36: 253,  # '$'
+     37: 253,  # '%'
+     38: 253,  # '&'
+     39: 253,  # "'"
+     40: 253,  # '('
+     41: 253,  # ')'
+     42: 253,  # '*'
+     43: 253,  # '+'
+     44: 253,  # ','
+     45: 253,  # '-'
+     46: 253,  # '.'
+     47: 253,  # '/'
+     48: 252,  # '0'
+     49: 252,  # '1'
+     50: 252,  # '2'
+     51: 252,  # '3'
+     52: 252,  # '4'
+     53: 252,  # '5'
+     54: 252,  # '6'
+     55: 252,  # '7'
+     56: 252,  # '8'
+     57: 252,  # '9'
+     58: 253,  # ':'
+     59: 253,  # ';'
+     60: 253,  # '<'
+     61: 253,  # '='
+     62: 253,  # '>'
+     63: 253,  # '?'
+     64: 253,  # '@'
+     65: 182,  # 'A'
+     66: 106,  # 'B'
+     67: 107,  # 'C'
+     68: 100,  # 'D'
+     69: 183,  # 'E'
+     70: 184,  # 'F'
+     71: 185,  # 'G'
+     72: 101,  # 'H'
+     73: 94,  # 'I'
+     74: 186,  # 'J'
+     75: 187,  # 'K'
+     76: 108,  # 'L'
+     77: 109,  # 'M'
+     78: 110,  # 'N'
+     79: 111,  # 'O'
+     80: 188,  # 'P'
+     81: 189,  # 'Q'
+     82: 190,  # 'R'
+     83: 89,  # 'S'
+     84: 95,  # 'T'
+     85: 112,  # 'U'
+     86: 113,  # 'V'
+     87: 191,  # 'W'
+     88: 192,  # 'X'
+     89: 193,  # 'Y'
+     90: 194,  # 'Z'
+     91: 253,  # '['
+     92: 253,  # '\\'
+     93: 253,  # ']'
+     94: 253,  # '^'
+     95: 253,  # '_'
+     96: 253,  # '`'
+     97: 64,  # 'a'
+     98: 72,  # 'b'
+     99: 73,  # 'c'
+     100: 114,  # 'd'
+     101: 74,  # 'e'
+     102: 115,  # 'f'
+     103: 116,  # 'g'
+     104: 102,  # 'h'
+     105: 81,  # 'i'
+     106: 201,  # 'j'
+     107: 117,  # 'k'
+     108: 90,  # 'l'
+     109: 103,  # 'm'
+     110: 78,  # 'n'
+     111: 82,  # 'o'
+     112: 96,  # 'p'
+     113: 202,  # 'q'
+     114: 91,  # 'r'
+     115: 79,  # 's'
+     116: 84,  # 't'
+     117: 104,  # 'u'
+     118: 105,  # 'v'
+     119: 97,  # 'w'
+     120: 98,  # 'x'
+     121: 92,  # 'y'
+     122: 203,  # 'z'
+     123: 253,  # '{'
+     124: 253,  # '|'
+     125: 253,  # '}'
+     126: 253,  # '~'
+     127: 253,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 209,  # '\x80'
+     129: 210,  # '\x81'
+     130: 211,  # '\x82'
+     131: 212,  # '\x83'
+     132: 213,  # '\x84'
+     133: 88,  # '\x85'
+     134: 214,  # '\x86'
+     135: 215,  # '\x87'
+     136: 216,  # '\x88'
+     137: 217,  # '\x89'
+     138: 218,  # '\x8a'
+     139: 219,  # '\x8b'
+     140: 220,  # '\x8c'
+     141: 118,  # '\x8d'
+     142: 221,  # '\x8e'
+     143: 222,  # '\x8f'
+     144: 223,  # '\x90'
+     145: 224,  # '\x91'
+     146: 99,  # '\x92'
+     147: 85,  # '\x93'
+     148: 83,  # '\x94'
+     149: 225,  # '\x95'
+     150: 226,  # '\x96'
+     151: 227,  # '\x97'
+     152: 228,  # '\x98'
+     153: 229,  # '\x99'
+     154: 230,  # '\x9a'
+     155: 231,  # '\x9b'
+     156: 232,  # '\x9c'
+     157: 233,  # '\x9d'
+     158: 234,  # '\x9e'
+     159: 235,  # '\x9f'
+     160: 236,  # None
+     161: 5,  # 'ก'
+     162: 30,  # 'ข'
+     163: 237,  # 'ฃ'
+     164: 24,  # 'ค'
+     165: 238,  # 'ฅ'
+     166: 75,  # 'ฆ'
+     167: 8,  # 'ง'
+     168: 26,  # 'จ'
+     169: 52,  # 'ฉ'
+     170: 34,  # 'ช'
+     171: 51,  # 'ซ'
+     172: 119,  # 'ฌ'
+     173: 47,  # 'ญ'
+     174: 58,  # 'ฎ'
+     175: 57,  # 'ฏ'
+     176: 49,  # 'ฐ'
+     177: 53,  # 'ฑ'
+     178: 55,  # 'ฒ'
+     179: 43,  # 'ณ'
+     180: 20,  # 'ด'
+     181: 19,  # 'ต'
+     182: 44,  # 'ถ'
+     183: 14,  # 'ท'
+     184: 48,  # 'ธ'
+     185: 3,  # 'น'
+     186: 17,  # 'บ'
+     187: 25,  # 'ป'
+     188: 39,  # 'ผ'
+     189: 62,  # 'ฝ'
+     190: 31,  # 'พ'
+     191: 54,  # 'ฟ'
+     192: 45,  # 'ภ'
+     193: 9,  # 'ม'
+     194: 16,  # 'ย'
+     195: 2,  # 'ร'
+     196: 61,  # 'ฤ'
+     197: 15,  # 'ล'
+     198: 239,  # 'ฦ'
+     199: 12,  # 'ว'
+     200: 42,  # 'ศ'
+     201: 46,  # 'ษ'
+     202: 18,  # 'ส'
+     203: 21,  # 'ห'
+     204: 76,  # 'ฬ'
+     205: 4,  # 'อ'
+     206: 66,  # 'ฮ'
+     207: 63,  # 'ฯ'
+     208: 22,  # 'ะ'
+     209: 10,  # 'ั'
+     210: 1,  # 'า'
+     211: 36,  # 'ำ'
+     212: 23,  # 'ิ'
+     213: 13,  # 'ี'
+     214: 40,  # 'ึ'
+     215: 27,  # 'ื'
+     216: 32,  # 'ุ'
+     217: 35,  # 'ู'
+     218: 86,  # 'ฺ'
+     219: 240,  # None
+     220: 241,  # None
+     221: 242,  # None
+     222: 243,  # None
+     223: 244,  # '฿'
+     224: 11,  # 'เ'
+     225: 28,  # 'แ'
+     226: 41,  # 'โ'
+     227: 29,  # 'ใ'
+     228: 33,  # 'ไ'
+     229: 245,  # 'ๅ'
+     230: 50,  # 'ๆ'
+     231: 37,  # '็'
+     232: 6,  # '่'
+     233: 7,  # '้'
+     234: 67,  # '๊'
+     235: 77,  # '๋'
+     236: 38,  # '์'
+     237: 93,  # 'ํ'
+     238: 246,  # '๎'
+     239: 247,  # '๏'
+     240: 68,  # '๐'
+     241: 56,  # '๑'
+     242: 59,  # '๒'
+     243: 65,  # '๓'
+     244: 69,  # '๔'
+     245: 60,  # '๕'
+     246: 70,  # '๖'
+     247: 80,  # '๗'
+     248: 71,  # '๘'
+     249: 87,  # '๙'
+     250: 248,  # '๚'
+     251: 249,  # '๛'
+     252: 250,  # None
+     253: 251,  # None
+     254: 252,  # None
+     255: 253,  # None
+}
+
+TIS_620_THAI_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='TIS-620',
+                                            language='Thai',
+                                            char_to_order_map=TIS_620_THAI_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                            language_model=THAI_LANG_MODEL,
+                                            typical_positive_ratio=0.926386,
+                                            keep_ascii_letters=False,
+                                            alphabet='กขฃคฅฆงจฉชซฌญฎฏฐฑฒณดตถทธนบปผฝพฟภมยรฤลฦวศษสหฬอฮฯะัาำิีึืฺุู฿เแโใไๅๆ็่้๊๋์ํ๎๏๐๑๒๓๔๕๖๗๘๙๚๛')
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langturkishmodel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langturkishmodel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43f4230
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/langturkishmodel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4383 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from pip._vendor.chardet.sbcharsetprober import SingleByteCharSetModel
+
+
+# 3: Positive
+# 2: Likely
+# 1: Unlikely
+# 0: Negative
+
+TURKISH_LANG_MODEL = {
+    23: {  # 'A'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 1,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 1,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    37: {  # 'B'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 2,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 1,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    47: {  # 'C'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 1,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    39: {  # 'D'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 1,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 1,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    29: {  # 'E'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 1,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 1,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 1,  # 'u'
+        32: 1,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    52: {  # 'F'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 1,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 1,  # 'D'
+        29: 1,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 2,  # 'H'
+        53: 1,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 2,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 1,  # 'd'
+        2: 0,  # 'e'
+        18: 1,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 1,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 2,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 2,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 2,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    36: {  # 'G'
+        23: 1,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 2,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 2,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 2,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 2,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 1,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 2,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    45: {  # 'H'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 1,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 2,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 1,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 1,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 2,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 2,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 2,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 2,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    53: {  # 'I'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    60: {  # 'J'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 1,  # 'd'
+        2: 0,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 1,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    16: {  # 'K'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 3,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 3,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 1,  # 'e'
+        18: 3,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 3,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 3,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    49: {  # 'L'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 2,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 2,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 3,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 0,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 2,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    20: {  # 'M'
+        23: 1,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 3,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    46: {  # 'N'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 1,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 2,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    42: {  # 'O'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 1,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 2,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 2,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    48: {  # 'P'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 2,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 2,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 2,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 2,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 2,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 2,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    44: {  # 'R'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    35: {  # 'S'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 1,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 2,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 2,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 3,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 2,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    31: {  # 'T'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 1,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 2,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 1,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 1,  # 'v'
+        57: 1,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    51: {  # 'U'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 1,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    38: {  # 'V'
+        23: 1,  # 'A'
+        37: 1,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 2,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 1,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 2,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    62: {  # 'W'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 0,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    43: {  # 'Y'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 1,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 2,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 2,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 2,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 2,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 1,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 2,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    56: {  # 'Z'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 2,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    1: {  # 'a'
+        23: 3,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 3,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 3,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 2,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 3,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 3,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 3,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 3,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 3,  # 'v'
+        57: 2,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 1,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 3,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    21: {  # 'b'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 3,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 2,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 1,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    28: {  # 'c'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 1,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 1,  # 'D'
+        29: 2,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 2,  # 'G'
+        45: 2,  # 'H'
+        53: 1,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 2,  # 'U'
+        38: 2,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 3,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 1,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 1,  # 'e'
+        18: 1,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 2,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 1,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 1,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 1,  # 'î'
+        34: 2,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 2,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 2,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    12: {  # 'd'
+        23: 1,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 2,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 1,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 3,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 2,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 1,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    2: {  # 'e'
+        23: 2,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 2,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 3,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 1,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 3,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 3,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 3,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 3,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 3,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 3,  # 'v'
+        57: 2,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 3,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    18: {  # 'f'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 2,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 1,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 1,  # 'u'
+        32: 2,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    27: {  # 'g'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 2,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 1,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 2,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 1,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    25: {  # 'h'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 2,  # 'v'
+        57: 1,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    3: {  # 'i'
+        23: 2,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 2,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 3,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
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+        57: 1,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 3,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    24: {  # 'j'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 2,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
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+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 2,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
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+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 2,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
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+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    10: {  # 'k'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 3,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 1,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
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+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
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+        58: 1,  # 'x'
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+        22: 0,  # 'z'
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+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 3,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 3,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    5: {  # 'l'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 3,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
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+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
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+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
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+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 3,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 1,  # 'e'
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+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
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+        14: 2,  # 'u'
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+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
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+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    13: {  # 'm'
+        23: 1,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 3,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 3,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 3,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 3,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 3,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
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+        57: 1,  # 'w'
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+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 3,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    4: {  # 'n'
+        23: 1,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 2,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
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+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
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+        38: 0,  # 'V'
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+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
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+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 1,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 3,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 3,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 2,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 2,  # 'x'
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+        22: 0,  # 'z'
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+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    15: {  # 'o'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 1,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 2,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 2,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 1,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 2,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 2,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 2,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 3,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 2,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 2,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 2,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 2,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    26: {  # 'p'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 1,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 3,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    7: {  # 'r'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 2,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 3,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 2,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 3,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    8: {  # 's'
+        23: 1,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 3,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 2,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    9: {  # 't'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 3,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 2,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 3,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 2,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 3,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    14: {  # 'u'
+        23: 3,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 3,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 2,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 3,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 2,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 3,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 2,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 3,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 3,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 2,  # 'v'
+        57: 2,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 3,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    32: {  # 'v'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 2,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 1,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    57: {  # 'w'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 1,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 1,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 2,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    58: {  # 'x'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 1,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 1,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 2,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    11: {  # 'y'
+        23: 1,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 3,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    22: {  # 'z'
+        23: 2,  # 'A'
+        37: 2,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 2,  # 'D'
+        29: 3,  # 'E'
+        52: 1,  # 'F'
+        36: 2,  # 'G'
+        45: 2,  # 'H'
+        53: 1,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 2,  # 'N'
+        42: 2,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 3,  # 'T'
+        51: 2,  # 'U'
+        38: 2,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 2,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 1,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 3,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 2,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 2,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 2,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 1,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 2,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 2,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 2,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    63: {  # '·'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 1,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    54: {  # 'Ç'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 1,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 1,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 2,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 1,  # 'd'
+        2: 0,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 2,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 2,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    50: {  # 'Ö'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 1,  # 'D'
+        29: 2,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 2,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 2,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 2,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 0,  # 'e'
+        18: 1,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 2,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 1,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 1,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 2,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    55: {  # 'Ü'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 1,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 1,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 1,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 0,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    59: {  # 'â'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 1,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 2,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    33: {  # 'ç'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 3,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 3,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 0,  # 'e'
+        18: 2,  # 'f'
+        27: 1,  # 'g'
+        25: 3,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 0,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 2,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 2,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    61: {  # 'î'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 2,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 0,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 1,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 1,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 1,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 1,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    34: {  # 'ö'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 1,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 1,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 1,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 1,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 1,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 2,  # 'n'
+        15: 2,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 0,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 1,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 1,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 2,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 2,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 2,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 2,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    17: {  # 'ü'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 0,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 1,  # 'J'
+        16: 1,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 0,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 0,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 1,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 1,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 1,  # 'i'
+        24: 1,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 2,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 2,  # 'p'
+        7: 2,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 1,  # 'v'
+        57: 1,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 2,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    30: {  # 'ğ'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 2,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 1,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 1,  # 'M'
+        46: 2,  # 'N'
+        42: 2,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 2,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 2,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 0,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 2,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 0,  # 'h'
+        3: 0,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 1,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 2,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 2,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 2,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 2,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 2,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    41: {  # 'İ'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 1,  # 'D'
+        29: 1,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 2,  # 'G'
+        45: 2,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 2,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 1,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 1,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 2,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 1,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 0,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 1,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 1,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 1,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 2,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    6: {  # 'ı'
+        23: 2,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 0,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 2,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 3,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 0,  # 'O'
+        48: 0,  # 'P'
+        44: 0,  # 'R'
+        35: 0,  # 'S'
+        31: 2,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 0,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 2,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 1,  # 'c'
+        12: 3,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 3,  # 'f'
+        27: 3,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 3,  # 'j'
+        10: 3,  # 'k'
+        5: 3,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 3,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 3,  # 's'
+        9: 3,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 3,  # 'v'
+        57: 1,  # 'w'
+        58: 1,  # 'x'
+        11: 3,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 1,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 2,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 0,  # 'ö'
+        17: 3,  # 'ü'
+        30: 0,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 3,  # 'ı'
+        40: 0,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 0,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    40: {  # 'Ş'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 1,  # 'D'
+        29: 1,  # 'E'
+        52: 0,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 2,  # 'H'
+        53: 1,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 0,  # 'K'
+        49: 0,  # 'L'
+        20: 2,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 2,  # 'P'
+        44: 2,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 1,  # 'T'
+        51: 0,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 2,  # 'Y'
+        56: 1,  # 'Z'
+        1: 0,  # 'a'
+        21: 2,  # 'b'
+        28: 0,  # 'c'
+        12: 2,  # 'd'
+        2: 0,  # 'e'
+        18: 3,  # 'f'
+        27: 0,  # 'g'
+        25: 2,  # 'h'
+        3: 3,  # 'i'
+        24: 2,  # 'j'
+        10: 1,  # 'k'
+        5: 0,  # 'l'
+        13: 1,  # 'm'
+        4: 3,  # 'n'
+        15: 2,  # 'o'
+        26: 0,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 2,  # 's'
+        9: 2,  # 't'
+        14: 1,  # 'u'
+        32: 3,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 2,  # 'y'
+        22: 0,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 0,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 0,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 1,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 0,  # 'ç'
+        61: 0,  # 'î'
+        34: 2,  # 'ö'
+        17: 1,  # 'ü'
+        30: 2,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 0,  # 'İ'
+        6: 2,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 2,  # 'ş'
+    },
+    19: {  # 'ş'
+        23: 0,  # 'A'
+        37: 0,  # 'B'
+        47: 1,  # 'C'
+        39: 0,  # 'D'
+        29: 0,  # 'E'
+        52: 2,  # 'F'
+        36: 1,  # 'G'
+        45: 0,  # 'H'
+        53: 0,  # 'I'
+        60: 0,  # 'J'
+        16: 3,  # 'K'
+        49: 2,  # 'L'
+        20: 0,  # 'M'
+        46: 1,  # 'N'
+        42: 1,  # 'O'
+        48: 1,  # 'P'
+        44: 1,  # 'R'
+        35: 1,  # 'S'
+        31: 0,  # 'T'
+        51: 1,  # 'U'
+        38: 1,  # 'V'
+        62: 0,  # 'W'
+        43: 1,  # 'Y'
+        56: 0,  # 'Z'
+        1: 3,  # 'a'
+        21: 1,  # 'b'
+        28: 2,  # 'c'
+        12: 0,  # 'd'
+        2: 3,  # 'e'
+        18: 0,  # 'f'
+        27: 2,  # 'g'
+        25: 1,  # 'h'
+        3: 1,  # 'i'
+        24: 0,  # 'j'
+        10: 2,  # 'k'
+        5: 2,  # 'l'
+        13: 3,  # 'm'
+        4: 0,  # 'n'
+        15: 0,  # 'o'
+        26: 1,  # 'p'
+        7: 3,  # 'r'
+        8: 0,  # 's'
+        9: 0,  # 't'
+        14: 3,  # 'u'
+        32: 0,  # 'v'
+        57: 0,  # 'w'
+        58: 0,  # 'x'
+        11: 0,  # 'y'
+        22: 2,  # 'z'
+        63: 0,  # '·'
+        54: 1,  # 'Ç'
+        50: 2,  # 'Ö'
+        55: 0,  # 'Ü'
+        59: 0,  # 'â'
+        33: 1,  # 'ç'
+        61: 1,  # 'î'
+        34: 2,  # 'ö'
+        17: 0,  # 'ü'
+        30: 1,  # 'ğ'
+        41: 1,  # 'İ'
+        6: 1,  # 'ı'
+        40: 1,  # 'Ş'
+        19: 1,  # 'ş'
+    },
+}
+
+# 255: Undefined characters that did not exist in training text
+# 254: Carriage/Return
+# 253: symbol (punctuation) that does not belong to word
+# 252: 0 - 9
+# 251: Control characters
+
+# Character Mapping Table(s):
+ISO_8859_9_TURKISH_CHAR_TO_ORDER = {
+     0: 255,  # '\x00'
+     1: 255,  # '\x01'
+     2: 255,  # '\x02'
+     3: 255,  # '\x03'
+     4: 255,  # '\x04'
+     5: 255,  # '\x05'
+     6: 255,  # '\x06'
+     7: 255,  # '\x07'
+     8: 255,  # '\x08'
+     9: 255,  # '\t'
+     10: 255,  # '\n'
+     11: 255,  # '\x0b'
+     12: 255,  # '\x0c'
+     13: 255,  # '\r'
+     14: 255,  # '\x0e'
+     15: 255,  # '\x0f'
+     16: 255,  # '\x10'
+     17: 255,  # '\x11'
+     18: 255,  # '\x12'
+     19: 255,  # '\x13'
+     20: 255,  # '\x14'
+     21: 255,  # '\x15'
+     22: 255,  # '\x16'
+     23: 255,  # '\x17'
+     24: 255,  # '\x18'
+     25: 255,  # '\x19'
+     26: 255,  # '\x1a'
+     27: 255,  # '\x1b'
+     28: 255,  # '\x1c'
+     29: 255,  # '\x1d'
+     30: 255,  # '\x1e'
+     31: 255,  # '\x1f'
+     32: 255,  # ' '
+     33: 255,  # '!'
+     34: 255,  # '"'
+     35: 255,  # '#'
+     36: 255,  # '$'
+     37: 255,  # '%'
+     38: 255,  # '&'
+     39: 255,  # "'"
+     40: 255,  # '('
+     41: 255,  # ')'
+     42: 255,  # '*'
+     43: 255,  # '+'
+     44: 255,  # ','
+     45: 255,  # '-'
+     46: 255,  # '.'
+     47: 255,  # '/'
+     48: 255,  # '0'
+     49: 255,  # '1'
+     50: 255,  # '2'
+     51: 255,  # '3'
+     52: 255,  # '4'
+     53: 255,  # '5'
+     54: 255,  # '6'
+     55: 255,  # '7'
+     56: 255,  # '8'
+     57: 255,  # '9'
+     58: 255,  # ':'
+     59: 255,  # ';'
+     60: 255,  # '<'
+     61: 255,  # '='
+     62: 255,  # '>'
+     63: 255,  # '?'
+     64: 255,  # '@'
+     65: 23,  # 'A'
+     66: 37,  # 'B'
+     67: 47,  # 'C'
+     68: 39,  # 'D'
+     69: 29,  # 'E'
+     70: 52,  # 'F'
+     71: 36,  # 'G'
+     72: 45,  # 'H'
+     73: 53,  # 'I'
+     74: 60,  # 'J'
+     75: 16,  # 'K'
+     76: 49,  # 'L'
+     77: 20,  # 'M'
+     78: 46,  # 'N'
+     79: 42,  # 'O'
+     80: 48,  # 'P'
+     81: 69,  # 'Q'
+     82: 44,  # 'R'
+     83: 35,  # 'S'
+     84: 31,  # 'T'
+     85: 51,  # 'U'
+     86: 38,  # 'V'
+     87: 62,  # 'W'
+     88: 65,  # 'X'
+     89: 43,  # 'Y'
+     90: 56,  # 'Z'
+     91: 255,  # '['
+     92: 255,  # '\\'
+     93: 255,  # ']'
+     94: 255,  # '^'
+     95: 255,  # '_'
+     96: 255,  # '`'
+     97: 1,  # 'a'
+     98: 21,  # 'b'
+     99: 28,  # 'c'
+     100: 12,  # 'd'
+     101: 2,  # 'e'
+     102: 18,  # 'f'
+     103: 27,  # 'g'
+     104: 25,  # 'h'
+     105: 3,  # 'i'
+     106: 24,  # 'j'
+     107: 10,  # 'k'
+     108: 5,  # 'l'
+     109: 13,  # 'm'
+     110: 4,  # 'n'
+     111: 15,  # 'o'
+     112: 26,  # 'p'
+     113: 64,  # 'q'
+     114: 7,  # 'r'
+     115: 8,  # 's'
+     116: 9,  # 't'
+     117: 14,  # 'u'
+     118: 32,  # 'v'
+     119: 57,  # 'w'
+     120: 58,  # 'x'
+     121: 11,  # 'y'
+     122: 22,  # 'z'
+     123: 255,  # '{'
+     124: 255,  # '|'
+     125: 255,  # '}'
+     126: 255,  # '~'
+     127: 255,  # '\x7f'
+     128: 180,  # '\x80'
+     129: 179,  # '\x81'
+     130: 178,  # '\x82'
+     131: 177,  # '\x83'
+     132: 176,  # '\x84'
+     133: 175,  # '\x85'
+     134: 174,  # '\x86'
+     135: 173,  # '\x87'
+     136: 172,  # '\x88'
+     137: 171,  # '\x89'
+     138: 170,  # '\x8a'
+     139: 169,  # '\x8b'
+     140: 168,  # '\x8c'
+     141: 167,  # '\x8d'
+     142: 166,  # '\x8e'
+     143: 165,  # '\x8f'
+     144: 164,  # '\x90'
+     145: 163,  # '\x91'
+     146: 162,  # '\x92'
+     147: 161,  # '\x93'
+     148: 160,  # '\x94'
+     149: 159,  # '\x95'
+     150: 101,  # '\x96'
+     151: 158,  # '\x97'
+     152: 157,  # '\x98'
+     153: 156,  # '\x99'
+     154: 155,  # '\x9a'
+     155: 154,  # '\x9b'
+     156: 153,  # '\x9c'
+     157: 152,  # '\x9d'
+     158: 151,  # '\x9e'
+     159: 106,  # '\x9f'
+     160: 150,  # '\xa0'
+     161: 149,  # '¡'
+     162: 148,  # '¢'
+     163: 147,  # '£'
+     164: 146,  # '¤'
+     165: 145,  # '¥'
+     166: 144,  # '¦'
+     167: 100,  # '§'
+     168: 143,  # '¨'
+     169: 142,  # '©'
+     170: 141,  # 'ª'
+     171: 140,  # '«'
+     172: 139,  # '¬'
+     173: 138,  # '\xad'
+     174: 137,  # '®'
+     175: 136,  # '¯'
+     176: 94,  # '°'
+     177: 80,  # '±'
+     178: 93,  # '²'
+     179: 135,  # '³'
+     180: 105,  # '´'
+     181: 134,  # 'µ'
+     182: 133,  # '¶'
+     183: 63,  # '·'
+     184: 132,  # '¸'
+     185: 131,  # '¹'
+     186: 130,  # 'º'
+     187: 129,  # '»'
+     188: 128,  # '¼'
+     189: 127,  # '½'
+     190: 126,  # '¾'
+     191: 125,  # '¿'
+     192: 124,  # 'À'
+     193: 104,  # 'Á'
+     194: 73,  # 'Â'
+     195: 99,  # 'Ã'
+     196: 79,  # 'Ä'
+     197: 85,  # 'Å'
+     198: 123,  # 'Æ'
+     199: 54,  # 'Ç'
+     200: 122,  # 'È'
+     201: 98,  # 'É'
+     202: 92,  # 'Ê'
+     203: 121,  # 'Ë'
+     204: 120,  # 'Ì'
+     205: 91,  # 'Í'
+     206: 103,  # 'Î'
+     207: 119,  # 'Ï'
+     208: 68,  # 'Ğ'
+     209: 118,  # 'Ñ'
+     210: 117,  # 'Ò'
+     211: 97,  # 'Ó'
+     212: 116,  # 'Ô'
+     213: 115,  # 'Õ'
+     214: 50,  # 'Ö'
+     215: 90,  # '×'
+     216: 114,  # 'Ø'
+     217: 113,  # 'Ù'
+     218: 112,  # 'Ú'
+     219: 111,  # 'Û'
+     220: 55,  # 'Ü'
+     221: 41,  # 'İ'
+     222: 40,  # 'Ş'
+     223: 86,  # 'ß'
+     224: 89,  # 'à'
+     225: 70,  # 'á'
+     226: 59,  # 'â'
+     227: 78,  # 'ã'
+     228: 71,  # 'ä'
+     229: 82,  # 'å'
+     230: 88,  # 'æ'
+     231: 33,  # 'ç'
+     232: 77,  # 'è'
+     233: 66,  # 'é'
+     234: 84,  # 'ê'
+     235: 83,  # 'ë'
+     236: 110,  # 'ì'
+     237: 75,  # 'í'
+     238: 61,  # 'î'
+     239: 96,  # 'ï'
+     240: 30,  # 'ğ'
+     241: 67,  # 'ñ'
+     242: 109,  # 'ò'
+     243: 74,  # 'ó'
+     244: 87,  # 'ô'
+     245: 102,  # 'õ'
+     246: 34,  # 'ö'
+     247: 95,  # '÷'
+     248: 81,  # 'ø'
+     249: 108,  # 'ù'
+     250: 76,  # 'ú'
+     251: 72,  # 'û'
+     252: 17,  # 'ü'
+     253: 6,  # 'ı'
+     254: 19,  # 'ş'
+     255: 107,  # 'ÿ'
+}
+
+ISO_8859_9_TURKISH_MODEL = SingleByteCharSetModel(charset_name='ISO-8859-9',
+                                                  language='Turkish',
+                                                  char_to_order_map=ISO_8859_9_TURKISH_CHAR_TO_ORDER,
+                                                  language_model=TURKISH_LANG_MODEL,
+                                                  typical_positive_ratio=0.97029,
+                                                  keep_ascii_letters=True,
+                                                  alphabet='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSTUVYZabcdefghijklmnoprstuvyzÂÇÎÖÛÜâçîöûüĞğİıŞş')
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/latin1prober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/latin1prober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d1e8c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/latin1prober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Universal charset detector code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2001
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#   Shy Shalom - original C code
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .charsetprober import CharSetProber
+from .enums import ProbingState
+
+FREQ_CAT_NUM = 4
+
+UDF = 0  # undefined
+OTH = 1  # other
+ASC = 2  # ascii capital letter
+ASS = 3  # ascii small letter
+ACV = 4  # accent capital vowel
+ACO = 5  # accent capital other
+ASV = 6  # accent small vowel
+ASO = 7  # accent small other
+CLASS_NUM = 8  # total classes
+
+Latin1_CharToClass = (
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 00 - 07
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 08 - 0F
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 10 - 17
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 18 - 1F
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 20 - 27
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 28 - 2F
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 30 - 37
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 38 - 3F
+    OTH, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC,   # 40 - 47
+    ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC,   # 48 - 4F
+    ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC, ASC,   # 50 - 57
+    ASC, ASC, ASC, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 58 - 5F
+    OTH, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS,   # 60 - 67
+    ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS,   # 68 - 6F
+    ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS, ASS,   # 70 - 77
+    ASS, ASS, ASS, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 78 - 7F
+    OTH, UDF, OTH, ASO, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 80 - 87
+    OTH, OTH, ACO, OTH, ACO, UDF, ACO, UDF,   # 88 - 8F
+    UDF, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # 90 - 97
+    OTH, OTH, ASO, OTH, ASO, UDF, ASO, ACO,   # 98 - 9F
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # A0 - A7
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # A8 - AF
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # B0 - B7
+    OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH, OTH,   # B8 - BF
+    ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACO, ACO,   # C0 - C7
+    ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV,   # C8 - CF
+    ACO, ACO, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, OTH,   # D0 - D7
+    ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACV, ACO, ACO, ACO,   # D8 - DF
+    ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASO, ASO,   # E0 - E7
+    ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV,   # E8 - EF
+    ASO, ASO, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, OTH,   # F0 - F7
+    ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASV, ASO, ASO, ASO,   # F8 - FF
+)
+
+# 0 : illegal
+# 1 : very unlikely
+# 2 : normal
+# 3 : very likely
+Latin1ClassModel = (
+# UDF OTH ASC ASS ACV ACO ASV ASO
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  # UDF
+    0,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  # OTH
+    0,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  # ASC
+    0,  3,  3,  3,  1,  1,  3,  3,  # ASS
+    0,  3,  3,  3,  1,  2,  1,  2,  # ACV
+    0,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  # ACO
+    0,  3,  1,  3,  1,  1,  1,  3,  # ASV
+    0,  3,  1,  3,  1,  1,  3,  3,  # ASO
+)
+
+
+class Latin1Prober(CharSetProber):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(Latin1Prober, self).__init__()
+        self._last_char_class = None
+        self._freq_counter = None
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self._last_char_class = OTH
+        self._freq_counter = [0] * FREQ_CAT_NUM
+        CharSetProber.reset(self)
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return "ISO-8859-1"
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return ""
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        byte_str = self.filter_with_english_letters(byte_str)
+        for c in byte_str:
+            char_class = Latin1_CharToClass[c]
+            freq = Latin1ClassModel[(self._last_char_class * CLASS_NUM)
+                                    + char_class]
+            if freq == 0:
+                self._state = ProbingState.NOT_ME
+                break
+            self._freq_counter[freq] += 1
+            self._last_char_class = char_class
+
+        return self.state
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        if self.state == ProbingState.NOT_ME:
+            return 0.01
+
+        total = sum(self._freq_counter)
+        if total < 0.01:
+            confidence = 0.0
+        else:
+            confidence = ((self._freq_counter[3] - self._freq_counter[1] * 20.0)
+                          / total)
+        if confidence < 0.0:
+            confidence = 0.0
+        # lower the confidence of latin1 so that other more accurate
+        # detector can take priority.
+        confidence = confidence * 0.73
+        return confidence
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/mbcharsetprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/mbcharsetprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6256ecf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/mbcharsetprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Universal charset detector code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2001
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#   Shy Shalom - original C code
+#   Proofpoint, Inc.
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .charsetprober import CharSetProber
+from .enums import ProbingState, MachineState
+
+
+class MultiByteCharSetProber(CharSetProber):
+    """
+    MultiByteCharSetProber
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, lang_filter=None):
+        super(MultiByteCharSetProber, self).__init__(lang_filter=lang_filter)
+        self.distribution_analyzer = None
+        self.coding_sm = None
+        self._last_char = [0, 0]
+
+    def reset(self):
+        super(MultiByteCharSetProber, self).reset()
+        if self.coding_sm:
+            self.coding_sm.reset()
+        if self.distribution_analyzer:
+            self.distribution_analyzer.reset()
+        self._last_char = [0, 0]
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        for i in range(len(byte_str)):
+            coding_state = self.coding_sm.next_state(byte_str[i])
+            if coding_state == MachineState.ERROR:
+                self.logger.debug('%s %s prober hit error at byte %s',
+                                  self.charset_name, self.language, i)
+                self._state = ProbingState.NOT_ME
+                break
+            elif coding_state == MachineState.ITS_ME:
+                self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+                break
+            elif coding_state == MachineState.START:
+                char_len = self.coding_sm.get_current_charlen()
+                if i == 0:
+                    self._last_char[1] = byte_str[0]
+                    self.distribution_analyzer.feed(self._last_char, char_len)
+                else:
+                    self.distribution_analyzer.feed(byte_str[i - 1:i + 1],
+                                                    char_len)
+
+        self._last_char[0] = byte_str[-1]
+
+        if self.state == ProbingState.DETECTING:
+            if (self.distribution_analyzer.got_enough_data() and
+                    (self.get_confidence() > self.SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD)):
+                self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+
+        return self.state
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        return self.distribution_analyzer.get_confidence()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/mbcsgroupprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/mbcsgroupprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..530abe7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/mbcsgroupprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Universal charset detector code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2001
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#   Shy Shalom - original C code
+#   Proofpoint, Inc.
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .charsetgroupprober import CharSetGroupProber
+from .utf8prober import UTF8Prober
+from .sjisprober import SJISProber
+from .eucjpprober import EUCJPProber
+from .gb2312prober import GB2312Prober
+from .euckrprober import EUCKRProber
+from .cp949prober import CP949Prober
+from .big5prober import Big5Prober
+from .euctwprober import EUCTWProber
+
+
+class MBCSGroupProber(CharSetGroupProber):
+    def __init__(self, lang_filter=None):
+        super(MBCSGroupProber, self).__init__(lang_filter=lang_filter)
+        self.probers = [
+            UTF8Prober(),
+            SJISProber(),
+            EUCJPProber(),
+            GB2312Prober(),
+            EUCKRProber(),
+            CP949Prober(),
+            Big5Prober(),
+            EUCTWProber()
+        ]
+        self.reset()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/mbcssm.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/mbcssm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8360d0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/mbcssm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .enums import MachineState
+
+# BIG5
+
+BIG5_CLS = (
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 00 - 07    #allow 0x00 as legal value
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 10 - 17
+    1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,  # 18 - 1f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 20 - 27
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 28 - 2f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 30 - 37
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 38 - 3f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 40 - 47
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 48 - 4f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 50 - 57
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 58 - 5f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 60 - 67
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 68 - 6f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 70 - 77
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,  # 78 - 7f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 80 - 87
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 88 - 8f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 90 - 97
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 98 - 9f
+    4,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # a0 - a7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # a8 - af
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # b0 - b7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # b8 - bf
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # c0 - c7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # c8 - cf
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # d0 - d7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # d8 - df
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # e0 - e7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # e8 - ef
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # f0 - f7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,0  # f8 - ff
+)
+
+BIG5_ST = (
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,     3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#00-07
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,#08-0f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START#10-17
+)
+
+BIG5_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 1, 1, 2, 0)
+
+BIG5_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': BIG5_CLS,
+                 'class_factor': 5,
+                 'state_table': BIG5_ST,
+                 'char_len_table': BIG5_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                 'name': 'Big5'}
+
+# CP949
+
+CP949_CLS  = (
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,  # 00 - 0f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,  # 10 - 1f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 20 - 2f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 30 - 3f
+    1,4,4,4,4,4,4,4, 4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 40 - 4f
+    4,4,5,5,5,5,5,5, 5,5,5,1,1,1,1,1,  # 50 - 5f
+    1,5,5,5,5,5,5,5, 5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,  # 60 - 6f
+    5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5, 5,5,5,1,1,1,1,1,  # 70 - 7f
+    0,6,6,6,6,6,6,6, 6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # 80 - 8f
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6, 6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # 90 - 9f
+    6,7,7,7,7,7,7,7, 7,7,7,7,7,8,8,8,  # a0 - af
+    7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7, 7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,  # b0 - bf
+    7,7,7,7,7,7,9,2, 2,3,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c0 - cf
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d0 - df
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # e0 - ef
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,  # f0 - ff
+)
+
+CP949_ST = (
+#cls=    0      1      2      3      4      5      6      7      8      9  # previous state =
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,     3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,     4,     5,MachineState.ERROR,     6, # MachineState.START
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR, # MachineState.ERROR
+    MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME, # MachineState.ITS_ME
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START, # 3
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START, # 4
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START, # 5
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START, # 6
+)
+
+CP949_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 0, 2)
+
+CP949_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': CP949_CLS,
+                  'class_factor': 10,
+                  'state_table': CP949_ST,
+                  'char_len_table': CP949_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                  'name': 'CP949'}
+
+# EUC-JP
+
+EUCJP_CLS = (
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 00 - 07
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,  # 08 - 0f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 10 - 17
+    4,4,4,5,4,4,4,4,  # 18 - 1f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 20 - 27
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 28 - 2f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 30 - 37
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 38 - 3f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 40 - 47
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 48 - 4f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 50 - 57
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 58 - 5f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 60 - 67
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 68 - 6f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 70 - 77
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 78 - 7f
+    5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,  # 80 - 87
+    5,5,5,5,5,5,1,3,  # 88 - 8f
+    5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,  # 90 - 97
+    5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,  # 98 - 9f
+    5,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a0 - a7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a8 - af
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b0 - b7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b8 - bf
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c0 - c7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c8 - cf
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d0 - d7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d8 - df
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # e0 - e7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # e8 - ef
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # f0 - f7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5  # f8 - ff
+)
+
+EUCJP_ST = (
+          3,     4,     3,     5,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#00-07
+     MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,#08-0f
+     MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#10-17
+     MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     3,MachineState.ERROR,#18-1f
+          3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START#20-27
+)
+
+EUCJP_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (2, 2, 2, 3, 1, 0)
+
+EUCJP_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': EUCJP_CLS,
+                  'class_factor': 6,
+                  'state_table': EUCJP_ST,
+                  'char_len_table': EUCJP_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                  'name': 'EUC-JP'}
+
+# EUC-KR
+
+EUCKR_CLS  = (
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 00 - 07
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 10 - 17
+    1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,  # 18 - 1f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 20 - 27
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 28 - 2f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 30 - 37
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 38 - 3f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 40 - 47
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 48 - 4f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 50 - 57
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 58 - 5f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 60 - 67
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 68 - 6f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 70 - 77
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 78 - 7f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 80 - 87
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 88 - 8f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 90 - 97
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 98 - 9f
+    0,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a0 - a7
+    2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,  # a8 - af
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b0 - b7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b8 - bf
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c0 - c7
+    2,3,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c8 - cf
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d0 - d7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d8 - df
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # e0 - e7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # e8 - ef
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # f0 - f7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0   # f8 - ff
+)
+
+EUCKR_ST = (
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,     3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#00-07
+    MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START #08-0f
+)
+
+EUCKR_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 1, 2, 0)
+
+EUCKR_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': EUCKR_CLS,
+                'class_factor': 4,
+                'state_table': EUCKR_ST,
+                'char_len_table': EUCKR_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                'name': 'EUC-KR'}
+
+# EUC-TW
+
+EUCTW_CLS = (
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 00 - 07
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 10 - 17
+    2,2,2,0,2,2,2,2,  # 18 - 1f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 20 - 27
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 28 - 2f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 30 - 37
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 38 - 3f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 40 - 47
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 48 - 4f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 50 - 57
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 58 - 5f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 60 - 67
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 68 - 6f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 70 - 77
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 78 - 7f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 80 - 87
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,6,0,  # 88 - 8f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 90 - 97
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 98 - 9f
+    0,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # a0 - a7
+    5,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # a8 - af
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # b0 - b7
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # b8 - bf
+    1,1,3,1,3,3,3,3,  # c0 - c7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # c8 - cf
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # d0 - d7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # d8 - df
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # e0 - e7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # e8 - ef
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # f0 - f7
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,0   # f8 - ff
+)
+
+EUCTW_ST = (
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,     3,     3,     3,     4,MachineState.ERROR,#00-07
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,#08-0f
+    MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,#10-17
+    MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#18-1f
+         5,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,#20-27
+    MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START #28-2f
+)
+
+EUCTW_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3)
+
+EUCTW_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': EUCTW_CLS,
+                'class_factor': 7,
+                'state_table': EUCTW_ST,
+                'char_len_table': EUCTW_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                'name': 'x-euc-tw'}
+
+# GB2312
+
+GB2312_CLS = (
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 00 - 07
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 10 - 17
+    1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,  # 18 - 1f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 20 - 27
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 28 - 2f
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # 30 - 37
+    3,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 38 - 3f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 40 - 47
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 48 - 4f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 50 - 57
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 58 - 5f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 60 - 67
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 68 - 6f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 70 - 77
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,4,  # 78 - 7f
+    5,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # 80 - 87
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # 88 - 8f
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # 90 - 97
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # 98 - 9f
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # a0 - a7
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # a8 - af
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # b0 - b7
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # b8 - bf
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # c0 - c7
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # c8 - cf
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # d0 - d7
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # d8 - df
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # e0 - e7
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # e8 - ef
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # f0 - f7
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,0   # f8 - ff
+)
+
+GB2312_ST = (
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,     3,MachineState.ERROR,#00-07
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,#08-0f
+    MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,#10-17
+         4,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#18-1f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     5,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,#20-27
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START #28-2f
+)
+
+# To be accurate, the length of class 6 can be either 2 or 4.
+# But it is not necessary to discriminate between the two since
+# it is used for frequency analysis only, and we are validating
+# each code range there as well. So it is safe to set it to be
+# 2 here.
+GB2312_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2)
+
+GB2312_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': GB2312_CLS,
+                   'class_factor': 7,
+                   'state_table': GB2312_ST,
+                   'char_len_table': GB2312_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                   'name': 'GB2312'}
+
+# Shift_JIS
+
+SJIS_CLS = (
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 00 - 07
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 10 - 17
+    1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,  # 18 - 1f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 20 - 27
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 28 - 2f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 30 - 37
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 38 - 3f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 40 - 47
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 48 - 4f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 50 - 57
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 58 - 5f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 60 - 67
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 68 - 6f
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # 70 - 77
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,  # 78 - 7f
+    3,3,3,3,3,2,2,3,  # 80 - 87
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # 88 - 8f
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # 90 - 97
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # 98 - 9f
+    #0xa0 is illegal in sjis encoding, but some pages does
+    #contain such byte. We need to be more error forgiven.
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a0 - a7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # a8 - af
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b0 - b7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # b8 - bf
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c0 - c7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # c8 - cf
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d0 - d7
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  # d8 - df
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # e0 - e7
+    3,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,  # e8 - ef
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,  # f0 - f7
+    3,3,3,3,3,0,0,0)  # f8 - ff
+
+
+SJIS_ST = (
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,     3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#00-07
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,#08-0f
+    MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START #10-17
+)
+
+SJIS_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 0)
+
+SJIS_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': SJIS_CLS,
+               'class_factor': 6,
+               'state_table': SJIS_ST,
+               'char_len_table': SJIS_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+               'name': 'Shift_JIS'}
+
+# UCS2-BE
+
+UCS2BE_CLS = (
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 00 - 07
+    0,0,1,0,0,2,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 10 - 17
+    0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,  # 18 - 1f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 20 - 27
+    0,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,  # 28 - 2f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 30 - 37
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 38 - 3f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 40 - 47
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 48 - 4f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 50 - 57
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 58 - 5f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 60 - 67
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 68 - 6f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 70 - 77
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 78 - 7f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 80 - 87
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 88 - 8f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 90 - 97
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 98 - 9f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # a0 - a7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # a8 - af
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # b0 - b7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # b8 - bf
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # c0 - c7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # c8 - cf
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # d0 - d7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # d8 - df
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # e0 - e7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # e8 - ef
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # f0 - f7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,4,5   # f8 - ff
+)
+
+UCS2BE_ST  = (
+          5,     7,     7,MachineState.ERROR,     4,     3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#00-07
+     MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,#08-0f
+     MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,     6,     6,     6,     6,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#10-17
+          6,     6,     6,     6,     6,MachineState.ITS_ME,     6,     6,#18-1f
+          6,     6,     6,     6,     5,     7,     7,MachineState.ERROR,#20-27
+          5,     8,     6,     6,MachineState.ERROR,     6,     6,     6,#28-2f
+          6,     6,     6,     6,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START #30-37
+)
+
+UCS2BE_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2)
+
+UCS2BE_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': UCS2BE_CLS,
+                   'class_factor': 6,
+                   'state_table': UCS2BE_ST,
+                   'char_len_table': UCS2BE_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                   'name': 'UTF-16BE'}
+
+# UCS2-LE
+
+UCS2LE_CLS = (
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 00 - 07
+    0,0,1,0,0,2,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 10 - 17
+    0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,  # 18 - 1f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 20 - 27
+    0,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,  # 28 - 2f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 30 - 37
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 38 - 3f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 40 - 47
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 48 - 4f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 50 - 57
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 58 - 5f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 60 - 67
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 68 - 6f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 70 - 77
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 78 - 7f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 80 - 87
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 88 - 8f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 90 - 97
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # 98 - 9f
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # a0 - a7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # a8 - af
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # b0 - b7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # b8 - bf
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # c0 - c7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # c8 - cf
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # d0 - d7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # d8 - df
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # e0 - e7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # e8 - ef
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  # f0 - f7
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,4,5   # f8 - ff
+)
+
+UCS2LE_ST = (
+          6,     6,     7,     6,     4,     3,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#00-07
+     MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,#08-0f
+     MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,     5,     5,     5,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ERROR,#10-17
+          5,     5,     5,MachineState.ERROR,     5,MachineState.ERROR,     6,     6,#18-1f
+          7,     6,     8,     8,     5,     5,     5,MachineState.ERROR,#20-27
+          5,     5,     5,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     5,     5,#28-2f
+          5,     5,     5,MachineState.ERROR,     5,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START #30-37
+)
+
+UCS2LE_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2)
+
+UCS2LE_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': UCS2LE_CLS,
+                 'class_factor': 6,
+                 'state_table': UCS2LE_ST,
+                 'char_len_table': UCS2LE_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                 'name': 'UTF-16LE'}
+
+# UTF-8
+
+UTF8_CLS = (
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 00 - 07  #allow 0x00 as a legal value
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,  # 08 - 0f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 10 - 17
+    1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,  # 18 - 1f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 20 - 27
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 28 - 2f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 30 - 37
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 38 - 3f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 40 - 47
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 48 - 4f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 50 - 57
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 58 - 5f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 60 - 67
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 68 - 6f
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 70 - 77
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  # 78 - 7f
+    2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,  # 80 - 87
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 88 - 8f
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 90 - 97
+    4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,  # 98 - 9f
+    5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,  # a0 - a7
+    5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,  # a8 - af
+    5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,  # b0 - b7
+    5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,  # b8 - bf
+    0,0,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # c0 - c7
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # c8 - cf
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # d0 - d7
+    6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,  # d8 - df
+    7,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,  # e0 - e7
+    8,8,8,8,8,9,8,8,  # e8 - ef
+    10,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,  # f0 - f7
+    12,13,13,13,14,15,0,0    # f8 - ff
+)
+
+UTF8_ST = (
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     12,   10,#00-07
+         9,     11,     8,     7,     6,     5,     4,    3,#08-0f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#10-17
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#18-1f
+    MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,#20-27
+    MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,MachineState.ITS_ME,#28-2f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     5,     5,     5,     5,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#30-37
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#38-3f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     5,     5,     5,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#40-47
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#48-4f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     7,     7,     7,     7,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#50-57
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#58-5f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     7,     7,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#60-67
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#68-6f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     9,     9,     9,     9,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#70-77
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#78-7f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,     9,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#80-87
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#88-8f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,    12,    12,    12,    12,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#90-97
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#98-9f
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,    12,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#a0-a7
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#a8-af
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,    12,    12,    12,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#b0-b7
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#b8-bf
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.START,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,#c0-c7
+    MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR,MachineState.ERROR #c8-cf
+)
+
+UTF8_CHAR_LEN_TABLE = (0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6)
+
+UTF8_SM_MODEL = {'class_table': UTF8_CLS,
+                 'class_factor': 16,
+                 'state_table': UTF8_ST,
+                 'char_len_table': UTF8_CHAR_LEN_TABLE,
+                 'name': 'UTF-8'}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/metadata/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/metadata/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/metadata/languages.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/metadata/languages.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3237d5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/metadata/languages.py
@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+Metadata about languages used by our model training code for our
+SingleByteCharSetProbers.  Could be used for other things in the future.
+
+This code is based on the language metadata from the uchardet project.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function
+
+from string import ascii_letters
+
+
+# TODO: Add Ukranian (KOI8-U)
+
+class Language(object):
+    """Metadata about a language useful for training models
+
+    :ivar name: The human name for the language, in English.
+    :type name: str
+    :ivar iso_code: 2-letter ISO 639-1 if possible, 3-letter ISO code otherwise,
+                    or use another catalog as a last resort.
+    :type iso_code: str
+    :ivar use_ascii: Whether or not ASCII letters should be included in trained
+                     models.
+    :type use_ascii: bool
+    :ivar charsets: The charsets we want to support and create data for.
+    :type charsets: list of str
+    :ivar alphabet: The characters in the language's alphabet. If `use_ascii` is
+                    `True`, you only need to add those not in the ASCII set.
+    :type alphabet: str
+    :ivar wiki_start_pages: The Wikipedia pages to start from if we're crawling
+                            Wikipedia for training data.
+    :type wiki_start_pages: list of str
+    """
+    def __init__(self, name=None, iso_code=None, use_ascii=True, charsets=None,
+                 alphabet=None, wiki_start_pages=None):
+        super(Language, self).__init__()
+        self.name = name
+        self.iso_code = iso_code
+        self.use_ascii = use_ascii
+        self.charsets = charsets
+        if self.use_ascii:
+            if alphabet:
+                alphabet += ascii_letters
+            else:
+                alphabet = ascii_letters
+        elif not alphabet:
+            raise ValueError('Must supply alphabet if use_ascii is False')
+        self.alphabet = ''.join(sorted(set(alphabet))) if alphabet else None
+        self.wiki_start_pages = wiki_start_pages
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '{}({})'.format(self.__class__.__name__,
+                               ', '.join('{}={!r}'.format(k, v)
+                                         for k, v in self.__dict__.items()
+                                         if not k.startswith('_')))
+
+
+LANGUAGES = {'Arabic': Language(name='Arabic',
+                                iso_code='ar',
+                                use_ascii=False,
+                                # We only support encodings that use isolated
+                                # forms, because the current recommendation is
+                                # that the rendering system handles presentation
+                                # forms. This means we purposefully skip IBM864.
+                                charsets=['ISO-8859-6', 'WINDOWS-1256',
+                                          'CP720', 'CP864'],
+                                alphabet=u'ءآأؤإئابةتثجحخدذرزسشصضطظعغػؼؽؾؿـفقكلمنهوىيًٌٍَُِّ',
+                                wiki_start_pages=[u'الصفحة_الرئيسية']),
+             'Belarusian': Language(name='Belarusian',
+                                    iso_code='be',
+                                    use_ascii=False,
+                                    charsets=['ISO-8859-5', 'WINDOWS-1251',
+                                              'IBM866', 'MacCyrillic'],
+                                    alphabet=(u'АБВГДЕЁЖЗІЙКЛМНОПРСТУЎФХЦЧШЫЬЭЮЯ'
+                                              u'абвгдеёжзійклмнопрстуўфхцчшыьэюяʼ'),
+                                    wiki_start_pages=[u'Галоўная_старонка']),
+             'Bulgarian': Language(name='Bulgarian',
+                                   iso_code='bg',
+                                   use_ascii=False,
+                                   charsets=['ISO-8859-5', 'WINDOWS-1251',
+                                             'IBM855'],
+                                   alphabet=(u'АБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЬЮЯ'
+                                             u'абвгдежзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъьюя'),
+                                   wiki_start_pages=[u'Начална_страница']),
+             'Czech': Language(name='Czech',
+                               iso_code='cz',
+                               use_ascii=True,
+                               charsets=['ISO-8859-2', 'WINDOWS-1250'],
+                               alphabet=u'áčďéěíňóřšťúůýžÁČĎÉĚÍŇÓŘŠŤÚŮÝŽ',
+                               wiki_start_pages=[u'Hlavní_strana']),
+             'Danish': Language(name='Danish',
+                                iso_code='da',
+                                use_ascii=True,
+                                charsets=['ISO-8859-1', 'ISO-8859-15',
+                                          'WINDOWS-1252'],
+                                alphabet=u'æøåÆØÅ',
+                                wiki_start_pages=[u'Forside']),
+             'German': Language(name='German',
+                                iso_code='de',
+                                use_ascii=True,
+                                charsets=['ISO-8859-1', 'WINDOWS-1252'],
+                                alphabet=u'äöüßÄÖÜ',
+                                wiki_start_pages=[u'Wikipedia:Hauptseite']),
+             'Greek': Language(name='Greek',
+                               iso_code='el',
+                               use_ascii=False,
+                               charsets=['ISO-8859-7', 'WINDOWS-1253'],
+                               alphabet=(u'αβγδεζηθικλμνξοπρσςτυφχψωάέήίόύώ'
+                                         u'ΑΒΓΔΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΆΈΉΊΌΎΏ'),
+                               wiki_start_pages=[u'Πύλη:Κύρια']),
+             'English': Language(name='English',
+                                 iso_code='en',
+                                 use_ascii=True,
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-1', 'WINDOWS-1252'],
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Main_Page']),
+             'Esperanto': Language(name='Esperanto',
+                                   iso_code='eo',
+                                   # Q, W, X, and Y not used at all
+                                   use_ascii=False,
+                                   charsets=['ISO-8859-3'],
+                                   alphabet=(u'abcĉdefgĝhĥijĵklmnoprsŝtuŭvz'
+                                             u'ABCĈDEFGĜHĤIJĴKLMNOPRSŜTUŬVZ'),
+                                   wiki_start_pages=[u'Vikipedio:Ĉefpaĝo']),
+             'Spanish': Language(name='Spanish',
+                                 iso_code='es',
+                                 use_ascii=True,
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-1', 'ISO-8859-15',
+                                           'WINDOWS-1252'],
+                                 alphabet=u'ñáéíóúüÑÁÉÍÓÚÜ',
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Wikipedia:Portada']),
+             'Estonian': Language(name='Estonian',
+                                  iso_code='et',
+                                  use_ascii=False,
+                                  charsets=['ISO-8859-4', 'ISO-8859-13',
+                                            'WINDOWS-1257'],
+                                  # C, F, Š, Q, W, X, Y, Z, Ž are only for
+                                  # loanwords
+                                  alphabet=(u'ABDEGHIJKLMNOPRSTUVÕÄÖÜ'
+                                            u'abdeghijklmnoprstuvõäöü'),
+                                  wiki_start_pages=[u'Esileht']),
+             'Finnish': Language(name='Finnish',
+                                 iso_code='fi',
+                                 use_ascii=True,
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-1', 'ISO-8859-15',
+                                           'WINDOWS-1252'],
+                                 alphabet=u'ÅÄÖŠŽåäöšž',
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Wikipedia:Etusivu']),
+             'French': Language(name='French',
+                                iso_code='fr',
+                                use_ascii=True,
+                                charsets=['ISO-8859-1', 'ISO-8859-15',
+                                          'WINDOWS-1252'],
+                                alphabet=u'œàâçèéîïùûêŒÀÂÇÈÉÎÏÙÛÊ',
+                                wiki_start_pages=[u'Wikipédia:Accueil_principal',
+                                                  u'Bœuf (animal)']),
+             'Hebrew': Language(name='Hebrew',
+                                iso_code='he',
+                                use_ascii=False,
+                                charsets=['ISO-8859-8', 'WINDOWS-1255'],
+                                alphabet=u'אבגדהוזחטיךכלםמןנסעףפץצקרשתװױײ',
+                                wiki_start_pages=[u'עמוד_ראשי']),
+             'Croatian': Language(name='Croatian',
+                                  iso_code='hr',
+                                  # Q, W, X, Y are only used for foreign words.
+                                  use_ascii=False,
+                                  charsets=['ISO-8859-2', 'WINDOWS-1250'],
+                                  alphabet=(u'abcčćdđefghijklmnoprsštuvzž'
+                                            u'ABCČĆDĐEFGHIJKLMNOPRSŠTUVZŽ'),
+                                  wiki_start_pages=[u'Glavna_stranica']),
+             'Hungarian': Language(name='Hungarian',
+                                   iso_code='hu',
+                                   # Q, W, X, Y are only used for foreign words.
+                                   use_ascii=False,
+                                   charsets=['ISO-8859-2', 'WINDOWS-1250'],
+                                   alphabet=(u'abcdefghijklmnoprstuvzáéíóöőúüű'
+                                             u'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSTUVZÁÉÍÓÖŐÚÜŰ'),
+                                   wiki_start_pages=[u'Kezdőlap']),
+             'Italian': Language(name='Italian',
+                                 iso_code='it',
+                                 use_ascii=True,
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-1', 'ISO-8859-15',
+                                           'WINDOWS-1252'],
+                                 alphabet=u'ÀÈÉÌÒÓÙàèéìòóù',
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Pagina_principale']),
+             'Lithuanian': Language(name='Lithuanian',
+                                    iso_code='lt',
+                                    use_ascii=False,
+                                    charsets=['ISO-8859-13', 'WINDOWS-1257',
+                                              'ISO-8859-4'],
+                                    # Q, W, and X not used at all
+                                    alphabet=(u'AĄBCČDEĘĖFGHIĮYJKLMNOPRSŠTUŲŪVZŽ'
+                                              u'aąbcčdeęėfghiįyjklmnoprsštuųūvzž'),
+                                    wiki_start_pages=[u'Pagrindinis_puslapis']),
+             'Latvian': Language(name='Latvian',
+                                 iso_code='lv',
+                                 use_ascii=False,
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-13', 'WINDOWS-1257',
+                                           'ISO-8859-4'],
+                                 # Q, W, X, Y are only for loanwords
+                                 alphabet=(u'AĀBCČDEĒFGĢHIĪJKĶLĻMNŅOPRSŠTUŪVZŽ'
+                                           u'aābcčdeēfgģhiījkķlļmnņoprsštuūvzž'),
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Sākumlapa']),
+             'Macedonian': Language(name='Macedonian',
+                                    iso_code='mk',
+                                    use_ascii=False,
+                                    charsets=['ISO-8859-5', 'WINDOWS-1251',
+                                              'MacCyrillic', 'IBM855'],
+                                    alphabet=(u'АБВГДЃЕЖЗЅИЈКЛЉМНЊОПРСТЌУФХЦЧЏШ'
+                                              u'абвгдѓежзѕијклљмнњопрстќуфхцчџш'),
+                                    wiki_start_pages=[u'Главна_страница']),
+             'Dutch': Language(name='Dutch',
+                               iso_code='nl',
+                               use_ascii=True,
+                               charsets=['ISO-8859-1', 'WINDOWS-1252'],
+                               wiki_start_pages=[u'Hoofdpagina']),
+             'Polish': Language(name='Polish',
+                                iso_code='pl',
+                                # Q and X are only used for foreign words.
+                                use_ascii=False,
+                                charsets=['ISO-8859-2', 'WINDOWS-1250'],
+                                alphabet=(u'AĄBCĆDEĘFGHIJKLŁMNŃOÓPRSŚTUWYZŹŻ'
+                                          u'aąbcćdeęfghijklłmnńoóprsśtuwyzźż'),
+                                wiki_start_pages=[u'Wikipedia:Strona_główna']),
+             'Portuguese': Language(name='Portuguese',
+                                 iso_code='pt',
+                                 use_ascii=True,
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-1', 'ISO-8859-15',
+                                           'WINDOWS-1252'],
+                                 alphabet=u'ÁÂÃÀÇÉÊÍÓÔÕÚáâãàçéêíóôõú',
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Wikipédia:Página_principal']),
+             'Romanian': Language(name='Romanian',
+                                  iso_code='ro',
+                                  use_ascii=True,
+                                  charsets=['ISO-8859-2', 'WINDOWS-1250'],
+                                  alphabet=u'ăâîșțĂÂÎȘȚ',
+                                  wiki_start_pages=[u'Pagina_principală']),
+             'Russian': Language(name='Russian',
+                                 iso_code='ru',
+                                 use_ascii=False,
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-5', 'WINDOWS-1251',
+                                           'KOI8-R', 'MacCyrillic', 'IBM866',
+                                           'IBM855'],
+                                 alphabet=(u'абвгдеёжзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюя'
+                                           u'АБВГДЕЁЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯ'),
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Заглавная_страница']),
+             'Slovak': Language(name='Slovak',
+                                iso_code='sk',
+                                use_ascii=True,
+                                charsets=['ISO-8859-2', 'WINDOWS-1250'],
+                                alphabet=u'áäčďéíĺľňóôŕšťúýžÁÄČĎÉÍĹĽŇÓÔŔŠŤÚÝŽ',
+                                wiki_start_pages=[u'Hlavná_stránka']),
+             'Slovene': Language(name='Slovene',
+                                 iso_code='sl',
+                                 # Q, W, X, Y are only used for foreign words.
+                                 use_ascii=False,
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-2', 'WINDOWS-1250'],
+                                 alphabet=(u'abcčdefghijklmnoprsštuvzž'
+                                           u'ABCČDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSŠTUVZŽ'),
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Glavna_stran']),
+             # Serbian can be written in both Latin and Cyrillic, but there's no
+             # simple way to get the Latin alphabet pages from Wikipedia through
+             # the API, so for now we just support Cyrillic.
+             'Serbian': Language(name='Serbian',
+                                 iso_code='sr',
+                                 alphabet=(u'АБВГДЂЕЖЗИЈКЛЉМНЊОПРСТЋУФХЦЧЏШ'
+                                           u'абвгдђежзијклљмнњопрстћуфхцчџш'),
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-5', 'WINDOWS-1251',
+                                           'MacCyrillic', 'IBM855'],
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Главна_страна']),
+             'Thai': Language(name='Thai',
+                              iso_code='th',
+                              use_ascii=False,
+                              charsets=['ISO-8859-11', 'TIS-620', 'CP874'],
+                              alphabet=u'กขฃคฅฆงจฉชซฌญฎฏฐฑฒณดตถทธนบปผฝพฟภมยรฤลฦวศษสหฬอฮฯะัาำิีึืฺุู฿เแโใไๅๆ็่้๊๋์ํ๎๏๐๑๒๓๔๕๖๗๘๙๚๛',
+                              wiki_start_pages=[u'หน้าหลัก']),
+             'Turkish': Language(name='Turkish',
+                                 iso_code='tr',
+                                 # Q, W, and X are not used by Turkish
+                                 use_ascii=False,
+                                 charsets=['ISO-8859-3', 'ISO-8859-9',
+                                           'WINDOWS-1254'],
+                                 alphabet=(u'abcçdefgğhıijklmnoöprsştuüvyzâîû'
+                                           u'ABCÇDEFGĞHIİJKLMNOÖPRSŞTUÜVYZÂÎÛ'),
+                                 wiki_start_pages=[u'Ana_Sayfa']),
+             'Vietnamese': Language(name='Vietnamese',
+                                    iso_code='vi',
+                                    use_ascii=False,
+                                    # Windows-1258 is the only common 8-bit
+                                    # Vietnamese encoding supported by Python.
+                                    # From Wikipedia:
+                                    # For systems that lack support for Unicode,
+                                    # dozens of 8-bit Vietnamese code pages are
+                                    # available.[1] The most common are VISCII
+                                    # (TCVN 5712:1993), VPS, and Windows-1258.[3]
+                                    # Where ASCII is required, such as when
+                                    # ensuring readability in plain text e-mail,
+                                    # Vietnamese letters are often encoded
+                                    # according to Vietnamese Quoted-Readable
+                                    # (VIQR) or VSCII Mnemonic (VSCII-MNEM),[4]
+                                    # though usage of either variable-width
+                                    # scheme has declined dramatically following
+                                    # the adoption of Unicode on the World Wide
+                                    # Web.
+                                    charsets=['WINDOWS-1258'],
+                                    alphabet=(u'aăâbcdđeêghiklmnoôơpqrstuưvxy'
+                                              u'AĂÂBCDĐEÊGHIKLMNOÔƠPQRSTUƯVXY'),
+                                    wiki_start_pages=[u'Chữ_Quốc_ngữ']),
+            }
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/sbcharsetprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/sbcharsetprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46ba835
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/sbcharsetprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Universal charset detector code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2001
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#   Shy Shalom - original C code
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from .charsetprober import CharSetProber
+from .enums import CharacterCategory, ProbingState, SequenceLikelihood
+
+
+SingleByteCharSetModel = namedtuple('SingleByteCharSetModel',
+                                    ['charset_name',
+                                     'language',
+                                     'char_to_order_map',
+                                     'language_model',
+                                     'typical_positive_ratio',
+                                     'keep_ascii_letters',
+                                     'alphabet'])
+
+
+class SingleByteCharSetProber(CharSetProber):
+    SAMPLE_SIZE = 64
+    SB_ENOUGH_REL_THRESHOLD = 1024  #  0.25 * SAMPLE_SIZE^2
+    POSITIVE_SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD = 0.95
+    NEGATIVE_SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD = 0.05
+
+    def __init__(self, model, reversed=False, name_prober=None):
+        super(SingleByteCharSetProber, self).__init__()
+        self._model = model
+        # TRUE if we need to reverse every pair in the model lookup
+        self._reversed = reversed
+        # Optional auxiliary prober for name decision
+        self._name_prober = name_prober
+        self._last_order = None
+        self._seq_counters = None
+        self._total_seqs = None
+        self._total_char = None
+        self._freq_char = None
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        super(SingleByteCharSetProber, self).reset()
+        # char order of last character
+        self._last_order = 255
+        self._seq_counters = [0] * SequenceLikelihood.get_num_categories()
+        self._total_seqs = 0
+        self._total_char = 0
+        # characters that fall in our sampling range
+        self._freq_char = 0
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        if self._name_prober:
+            return self._name_prober.charset_name
+        else:
+            return self._model.charset_name
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        if self._name_prober:
+            return self._name_prober.language
+        else:
+            return self._model.language
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        # TODO: Make filter_international_words keep things in self.alphabet
+        if not self._model.keep_ascii_letters:
+            byte_str = self.filter_international_words(byte_str)
+        if not byte_str:
+            return self.state
+        char_to_order_map = self._model.char_to_order_map
+        language_model = self._model.language_model
+        for char in byte_str:
+            order = char_to_order_map.get(char, CharacterCategory.UNDEFINED)
+            # XXX: This was SYMBOL_CAT_ORDER before, with a value of 250, but
+            #      CharacterCategory.SYMBOL is actually 253, so we use CONTROL
+            #      to make it closer to the original intent. The only difference
+            #      is whether or not we count digits and control characters for
+            #      _total_char purposes.
+            if order < CharacterCategory.CONTROL:
+                self._total_char += 1
+            # TODO: Follow uchardet's lead and discount confidence for frequent
+            #       control characters.
+            #       See https://github.com/BYVoid/uchardet/commit/55b4f23971db61
+            if order < self.SAMPLE_SIZE:
+                self._freq_char += 1
+                if self._last_order < self.SAMPLE_SIZE:
+                    self._total_seqs += 1
+                    if not self._reversed:
+                        lm_cat = language_model[self._last_order][order]
+                    else:
+                        lm_cat = language_model[order][self._last_order]
+                    self._seq_counters[lm_cat] += 1
+            self._last_order = order
+
+        charset_name = self._model.charset_name
+        if self.state == ProbingState.DETECTING:
+            if self._total_seqs > self.SB_ENOUGH_REL_THRESHOLD:
+                confidence = self.get_confidence()
+                if confidence > self.POSITIVE_SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD:
+                    self.logger.debug('%s confidence = %s, we have a winner',
+                                      charset_name, confidence)
+                    self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+                elif confidence < self.NEGATIVE_SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD:
+                    self.logger.debug('%s confidence = %s, below negative '
+                                      'shortcut threshhold %s', charset_name,
+                                      confidence,
+                                      self.NEGATIVE_SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD)
+                    self._state = ProbingState.NOT_ME
+
+        return self.state
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        r = 0.01
+        if self._total_seqs > 0:
+            r = ((1.0 * self._seq_counters[SequenceLikelihood.POSITIVE]) /
+                 self._total_seqs / self._model.typical_positive_ratio)
+            r = r * self._freq_char / self._total_char
+            if r >= 1.0:
+                r = 0.99
+        return r
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/sbcsgroupprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/sbcsgroupprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bdeef4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/sbcsgroupprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Universal charset detector code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2001
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#   Shy Shalom - original C code
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .charsetgroupprober import CharSetGroupProber
+from .hebrewprober import HebrewProber
+from .langbulgarianmodel import (ISO_8859_5_BULGARIAN_MODEL,
+                                 WINDOWS_1251_BULGARIAN_MODEL)
+from .langgreekmodel import ISO_8859_7_GREEK_MODEL, WINDOWS_1253_GREEK_MODEL
+from .langhebrewmodel import WINDOWS_1255_HEBREW_MODEL
+# from .langhungarianmodel import (ISO_8859_2_HUNGARIAN_MODEL,
+#                                  WINDOWS_1250_HUNGARIAN_MODEL)
+from .langrussianmodel import (IBM855_RUSSIAN_MODEL, IBM866_RUSSIAN_MODEL,
+                               ISO_8859_5_RUSSIAN_MODEL, KOI8_R_RUSSIAN_MODEL,
+                               MACCYRILLIC_RUSSIAN_MODEL,
+                               WINDOWS_1251_RUSSIAN_MODEL)
+from .langthaimodel import TIS_620_THAI_MODEL
+from .langturkishmodel import ISO_8859_9_TURKISH_MODEL
+from .sbcharsetprober import SingleByteCharSetProber
+
+
+class SBCSGroupProber(CharSetGroupProber):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(SBCSGroupProber, self).__init__()
+        hebrew_prober = HebrewProber()
+        logical_hebrew_prober = SingleByteCharSetProber(WINDOWS_1255_HEBREW_MODEL,
+                                                        False, hebrew_prober)
+        # TODO: See if using ISO-8859-8 Hebrew model works better here, since
+        #       it's actually the visual one
+        visual_hebrew_prober = SingleByteCharSetProber(WINDOWS_1255_HEBREW_MODEL,
+                                                       True, hebrew_prober)
+        hebrew_prober.set_model_probers(logical_hebrew_prober,
+                                        visual_hebrew_prober)
+        # TODO: ORDER MATTERS HERE. I changed the order vs what was in master
+        #       and several tests failed that did not before. Some thought
+        #       should be put into the ordering, and we should consider making
+        #       order not matter here, because that is very counter-intuitive.
+        self.probers = [
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(WINDOWS_1251_RUSSIAN_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(KOI8_R_RUSSIAN_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(ISO_8859_5_RUSSIAN_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(MACCYRILLIC_RUSSIAN_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(IBM866_RUSSIAN_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(IBM855_RUSSIAN_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(ISO_8859_7_GREEK_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(WINDOWS_1253_GREEK_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(ISO_8859_5_BULGARIAN_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(WINDOWS_1251_BULGARIAN_MODEL),
+            # TODO: Restore Hungarian encodings (iso-8859-2 and windows-1250)
+            #       after we retrain model.
+            # SingleByteCharSetProber(ISO_8859_2_HUNGARIAN_MODEL),
+            # SingleByteCharSetProber(WINDOWS_1250_HUNGARIAN_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(TIS_620_THAI_MODEL),
+            SingleByteCharSetProber(ISO_8859_9_TURKISH_MODEL),
+            hebrew_prober,
+            logical_hebrew_prober,
+            visual_hebrew_prober,
+        ]
+        self.reset()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/sjisprober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/sjisprober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e29623
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/sjisprober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .mbcharsetprober import MultiByteCharSetProber
+from .codingstatemachine import CodingStateMachine
+from .chardistribution import SJISDistributionAnalysis
+from .jpcntx import SJISContextAnalysis
+from .mbcssm import SJIS_SM_MODEL
+from .enums import ProbingState, MachineState
+
+
+class SJISProber(MultiByteCharSetProber):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(SJISProber, self).__init__()
+        self.coding_sm = CodingStateMachine(SJIS_SM_MODEL)
+        self.distribution_analyzer = SJISDistributionAnalysis()
+        self.context_analyzer = SJISContextAnalysis()
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        super(SJISProber, self).reset()
+        self.context_analyzer.reset()
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return self.context_analyzer.charset_name
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return "Japanese"
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        for i in range(len(byte_str)):
+            coding_state = self.coding_sm.next_state(byte_str[i])
+            if coding_state == MachineState.ERROR:
+                self.logger.debug('%s %s prober hit error at byte %s',
+                                  self.charset_name, self.language, i)
+                self._state = ProbingState.NOT_ME
+                break
+            elif coding_state == MachineState.ITS_ME:
+                self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+                break
+            elif coding_state == MachineState.START:
+                char_len = self.coding_sm.get_current_charlen()
+                if i == 0:
+                    self._last_char[1] = byte_str[0]
+                    self.context_analyzer.feed(self._last_char[2 - char_len:],
+                                               char_len)
+                    self.distribution_analyzer.feed(self._last_char, char_len)
+                else:
+                    self.context_analyzer.feed(byte_str[i + 1 - char_len:i + 3
+                                                        - char_len], char_len)
+                    self.distribution_analyzer.feed(byte_str[i - 1:i + 1],
+                                                    char_len)
+
+        self._last_char[0] = byte_str[-1]
+
+        if self.state == ProbingState.DETECTING:
+            if (self.context_analyzer.got_enough_data() and
+               (self.get_confidence() > self.SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD)):
+                self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+
+        return self.state
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        context_conf = self.context_analyzer.get_confidence()
+        distrib_conf = self.distribution_analyzer.get_confidence()
+        return max(context_conf, distrib_conf)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/universaldetector.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/universaldetector.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..055a8ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/universaldetector.py
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is Mozilla Universal charset detector code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2001
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#   Shy Shalom - original C code
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+"""
+Module containing the UniversalDetector detector class, which is the primary
+class a user of ``chardet`` should use.
+
+:author: Mark Pilgrim (initial port to Python)
+:author: Shy Shalom (original C code)
+:author: Dan Blanchard (major refactoring for 3.0)
+:author: Ian Cordasco
+"""
+
+
+import codecs
+import logging
+import re
+
+from .charsetgroupprober import CharSetGroupProber
+from .enums import InputState, LanguageFilter, ProbingState
+from .escprober import EscCharSetProber
+from .latin1prober import Latin1Prober
+from .mbcsgroupprober import MBCSGroupProber
+from .sbcsgroupprober import SBCSGroupProber
+
+
+class UniversalDetector(object):
+    """
+    The ``UniversalDetector`` class underlies the ``chardet.detect`` function
+    and coordinates all of the different charset probers.
+
+    To get a ``dict`` containing an encoding and its confidence, you can simply
+    run:
+
+    .. code::
+
+            u = UniversalDetector()
+            u.feed(some_bytes)
+            u.close()
+            detected = u.result
+
+    """
+
+    MINIMUM_THRESHOLD = 0.20
+    HIGH_BYTE_DETECTOR = re.compile(b'[\x80-\xFF]')
+    ESC_DETECTOR = re.compile(b'(\033|~{)')
+    WIN_BYTE_DETECTOR = re.compile(b'[\x80-\x9F]')
+    ISO_WIN_MAP = {'iso-8859-1': 'Windows-1252',
+                   'iso-8859-2': 'Windows-1250',
+                   'iso-8859-5': 'Windows-1251',
+                   'iso-8859-6': 'Windows-1256',
+                   'iso-8859-7': 'Windows-1253',
+                   'iso-8859-8': 'Windows-1255',
+                   'iso-8859-9': 'Windows-1254',
+                   'iso-8859-13': 'Windows-1257'}
+
+    def __init__(self, lang_filter=LanguageFilter.ALL):
+        self._esc_charset_prober = None
+        self._charset_probers = []
+        self.result = None
+        self.done = None
+        self._got_data = None
+        self._input_state = None
+        self._last_char = None
+        self.lang_filter = lang_filter
+        self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+        self._has_win_bytes = None
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """
+        Reset the UniversalDetector and all of its probers back to their
+        initial states.  This is called by ``__init__``, so you only need to
+        call this directly in between analyses of different documents.
+        """
+        self.result = {'encoding': None, 'confidence': 0.0, 'language': None}
+        self.done = False
+        self._got_data = False
+        self._has_win_bytes = False
+        self._input_state = InputState.PURE_ASCII
+        self._last_char = b''
+        if self._esc_charset_prober:
+            self._esc_charset_prober.reset()
+        for prober in self._charset_probers:
+            prober.reset()
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        """
+        Takes a chunk of a document and feeds it through all of the relevant
+        charset probers.
+
+        After calling ``feed``, you can check the value of the ``done``
+        attribute to see if you need to continue feeding the
+        ``UniversalDetector`` more data, or if it has made a prediction
+        (in the ``result`` attribute).
+
+        .. note::
+           You should always call ``close`` when you're done feeding in your
+           document if ``done`` is not already ``True``.
+        """
+        if self.done:
+            return
+
+        if not len(byte_str):
+            return
+
+        if not isinstance(byte_str, bytearray):
+            byte_str = bytearray(byte_str)
+
+        # First check for known BOMs, since these are guaranteed to be correct
+        if not self._got_data:
+            # If the data starts with BOM, we know it is UTF
+            if byte_str.startswith(codecs.BOM_UTF8):
+                # EF BB BF  UTF-8 with BOM
+                self.result = {'encoding': "UTF-8-SIG",
+                               'confidence': 1.0,
+                               'language': ''}
+            elif byte_str.startswith((codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE,
+                                      codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE)):
+                # FF FE 00 00  UTF-32, little-endian BOM
+                # 00 00 FE FF  UTF-32, big-endian BOM
+                self.result = {'encoding': "UTF-32",
+                               'confidence': 1.0,
+                               'language': ''}
+            elif byte_str.startswith(b'\xFE\xFF\x00\x00'):
+                # FE FF 00 00  UCS-4, unusual octet order BOM (3412)
+                self.result = {'encoding': "X-ISO-10646-UCS-4-3412",
+                               'confidence': 1.0,
+                               'language': ''}
+            elif byte_str.startswith(b'\x00\x00\xFF\xFE'):
+                # 00 00 FF FE  UCS-4, unusual octet order BOM (2143)
+                self.result = {'encoding': "X-ISO-10646-UCS-4-2143",
+                               'confidence': 1.0,
+                               'language': ''}
+            elif byte_str.startswith((codecs.BOM_LE, codecs.BOM_BE)):
+                # FF FE  UTF-16, little endian BOM
+                # FE FF  UTF-16, big endian BOM
+                self.result = {'encoding': "UTF-16",
+                               'confidence': 1.0,
+                               'language': ''}
+
+            self._got_data = True
+            if self.result['encoding'] is not None:
+                self.done = True
+                return
+
+        # If none of those matched and we've only see ASCII so far, check
+        # for high bytes and escape sequences
+        if self._input_state == InputState.PURE_ASCII:
+            if self.HIGH_BYTE_DETECTOR.search(byte_str):
+                self._input_state = InputState.HIGH_BYTE
+            elif self._input_state == InputState.PURE_ASCII and \
+                    self.ESC_DETECTOR.search(self._last_char + byte_str):
+                self._input_state = InputState.ESC_ASCII
+
+        self._last_char = byte_str[-1:]
+
+        # If we've seen escape sequences, use the EscCharSetProber, which
+        # uses a simple state machine to check for known escape sequences in
+        # HZ and ISO-2022 encodings, since those are the only encodings that
+        # use such sequences.
+        if self._input_state == InputState.ESC_ASCII:
+            if not self._esc_charset_prober:
+                self._esc_charset_prober = EscCharSetProber(self.lang_filter)
+            if self._esc_charset_prober.feed(byte_str) == ProbingState.FOUND_IT:
+                self.result = {'encoding':
+                               self._esc_charset_prober.charset_name,
+                               'confidence':
+                               self._esc_charset_prober.get_confidence(),
+                               'language':
+                               self._esc_charset_prober.language}
+                self.done = True
+        # If we've seen high bytes (i.e., those with values greater than 127),
+        # we need to do more complicated checks using all our multi-byte and
+        # single-byte probers that are left.  The single-byte probers
+        # use character bigram distributions to determine the encoding, whereas
+        # the multi-byte probers use a combination of character unigram and
+        # bigram distributions.
+        elif self._input_state == InputState.HIGH_BYTE:
+            if not self._charset_probers:
+                self._charset_probers = [MBCSGroupProber(self.lang_filter)]
+                # If we're checking non-CJK encodings, use single-byte prober
+                if self.lang_filter & LanguageFilter.NON_CJK:
+                    self._charset_probers.append(SBCSGroupProber())
+                self._charset_probers.append(Latin1Prober())
+            for prober in self._charset_probers:
+                if prober.feed(byte_str) == ProbingState.FOUND_IT:
+                    self.result = {'encoding': prober.charset_name,
+                                   'confidence': prober.get_confidence(),
+                                   'language': prober.language}
+                    self.done = True
+                    break
+            if self.WIN_BYTE_DETECTOR.search(byte_str):
+                self._has_win_bytes = True
+
+    def close(self):
+        """
+        Stop analyzing the current document and come up with a final
+        prediction.
+
+        :returns:  The ``result`` attribute, a ``dict`` with the keys
+                   `encoding`, `confidence`, and `language`.
+        """
+        # Don't bother with checks if we're already done
+        if self.done:
+            return self.result
+        self.done = True
+
+        if not self._got_data:
+            self.logger.debug('no data received!')
+
+        # Default to ASCII if it is all we've seen so far
+        elif self._input_state == InputState.PURE_ASCII:
+            self.result = {'encoding': 'ascii',
+                           'confidence': 1.0,
+                           'language': ''}
+
+        # If we have seen non-ASCII, return the best that met MINIMUM_THRESHOLD
+        elif self._input_state == InputState.HIGH_BYTE:
+            prober_confidence = None
+            max_prober_confidence = 0.0
+            max_prober = None
+            for prober in self._charset_probers:
+                if not prober:
+                    continue
+                prober_confidence = prober.get_confidence()
+                if prober_confidence > max_prober_confidence:
+                    max_prober_confidence = prober_confidence
+                    max_prober = prober
+            if max_prober and (max_prober_confidence > self.MINIMUM_THRESHOLD):
+                charset_name = max_prober.charset_name
+                lower_charset_name = max_prober.charset_name.lower()
+                confidence = max_prober.get_confidence()
+                # Use Windows encoding name instead of ISO-8859 if we saw any
+                # extra Windows-specific bytes
+                if lower_charset_name.startswith('iso-8859'):
+                    if self._has_win_bytes:
+                        charset_name = self.ISO_WIN_MAP.get(lower_charset_name,
+                                                            charset_name)
+                self.result = {'encoding': charset_name,
+                               'confidence': confidence,
+                               'language': max_prober.language}
+
+        # Log all prober confidences if none met MINIMUM_THRESHOLD
+        if self.logger.getEffectiveLevel() <= logging.DEBUG:
+            if self.result['encoding'] is None:
+                self.logger.debug('no probers hit minimum threshold')
+                for group_prober in self._charset_probers:
+                    if not group_prober:
+                        continue
+                    if isinstance(group_prober, CharSetGroupProber):
+                        for prober in group_prober.probers:
+                            self.logger.debug('%s %s confidence = %s',
+                                              prober.charset_name,
+                                              prober.language,
+                                              prober.get_confidence())
+                    else:
+                        self.logger.debug('%s %s confidence = %s',
+                                          group_prober.charset_name,
+                                          group_prober.language,
+                                          group_prober.get_confidence())
+        return self.result
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/utf8prober.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/utf8prober.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c3196c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/utf8prober.py
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+######################## BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ########################
+# The Original Code is mozilla.org code.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#   Mark Pilgrim - port to Python
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+# 02110-1301  USA
+######################### END LICENSE BLOCK #########################
+
+from .charsetprober import CharSetProber
+from .enums import ProbingState, MachineState
+from .codingstatemachine import CodingStateMachine
+from .mbcssm import UTF8_SM_MODEL
+
+
+
+class UTF8Prober(CharSetProber):
+    ONE_CHAR_PROB = 0.5
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(UTF8Prober, self).__init__()
+        self.coding_sm = CodingStateMachine(UTF8_SM_MODEL)
+        self._num_mb_chars = None
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        super(UTF8Prober, self).reset()
+        self.coding_sm.reset()
+        self._num_mb_chars = 0
+
+    @property
+    def charset_name(self):
+        return "utf-8"
+
+    @property
+    def language(self):
+        return ""
+
+    def feed(self, byte_str):
+        for c in byte_str:
+            coding_state = self.coding_sm.next_state(c)
+            if coding_state == MachineState.ERROR:
+                self._state = ProbingState.NOT_ME
+                break
+            elif coding_state == MachineState.ITS_ME:
+                self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+                break
+            elif coding_state == MachineState.START:
+                if self.coding_sm.get_current_charlen() >= 2:
+                    self._num_mb_chars += 1
+
+        if self.state == ProbingState.DETECTING:
+            if self.get_confidence() > self.SHORTCUT_THRESHOLD:
+                self._state = ProbingState.FOUND_IT
+
+        return self.state
+
+    def get_confidence(self):
+        unlike = 0.99
+        if self._num_mb_chars < 6:
+            unlike *= self.ONE_CHAR_PROB ** self._num_mb_chars
+            return 1.0 - unlike
+        else:
+            return unlike
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70369b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/chardet/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+"""
+This module exists only to simplify retrieving the version number of chardet
+from within setup.py and from chardet subpackages.
+
+:author: Dan Blanchard (dan.blanchard@gmail.com)
+"""
+
+__version__ = "4.0.0"
+VERSION = __version__.split('.')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b149ed7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+from .initialise import init, deinit, reinit, colorama_text
+from .ansi import Fore, Back, Style, Cursor
+from .ansitowin32 import AnsiToWin32
+
+__version__ = '0.4.4'
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/ansi.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/ansi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11ec695
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/ansi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+'''
+This module generates ANSI character codes to printing colors to terminals.
+See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
+'''
+
+CSI = '\033['
+OSC = '\033]'
+BEL = '\a'
+
+
+def code_to_chars(code):
+    return CSI + str(code) + 'm'
+
+def set_title(title):
+    return OSC + '2;' + title + BEL
+
+def clear_screen(mode=2):
+    return CSI + str(mode) + 'J'
+
+def clear_line(mode=2):
+    return CSI + str(mode) + 'K'
+
+
+class AnsiCodes(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        # the subclasses declare class attributes which are numbers.
+        # Upon instantiation we define instance attributes, which are the same
+        # as the class attributes but wrapped with the ANSI escape sequence
+        for name in dir(self):
+            if not name.startswith('_'):
+                value = getattr(self, name)
+                setattr(self, name, code_to_chars(value))
+
+
+class AnsiCursor(object):
+    def UP(self, n=1):
+        return CSI + str(n) + 'A'
+    def DOWN(self, n=1):
+        return CSI + str(n) + 'B'
+    def FORWARD(self, n=1):
+        return CSI + str(n) + 'C'
+    def BACK(self, n=1):
+        return CSI + str(n) + 'D'
+    def POS(self, x=1, y=1):
+        return CSI + str(y) + ';' + str(x) + 'H'
+
+
+class AnsiFore(AnsiCodes):
+    BLACK           = 30
+    RED             = 31
+    GREEN           = 32
+    YELLOW          = 33
+    BLUE            = 34
+    MAGENTA         = 35
+    CYAN            = 36
+    WHITE           = 37
+    RESET           = 39
+
+    # These are fairly well supported, but not part of the standard.
+    LIGHTBLACK_EX   = 90
+    LIGHTRED_EX     = 91
+    LIGHTGREEN_EX   = 92
+    LIGHTYELLOW_EX  = 93
+    LIGHTBLUE_EX    = 94
+    LIGHTMAGENTA_EX = 95
+    LIGHTCYAN_EX    = 96
+    LIGHTWHITE_EX   = 97
+
+
+class AnsiBack(AnsiCodes):
+    BLACK           = 40
+    RED             = 41
+    GREEN           = 42
+    YELLOW          = 43
+    BLUE            = 44
+    MAGENTA         = 45
+    CYAN            = 46
+    WHITE           = 47
+    RESET           = 49
+
+    # These are fairly well supported, but not part of the standard.
+    LIGHTBLACK_EX   = 100
+    LIGHTRED_EX     = 101
+    LIGHTGREEN_EX   = 102
+    LIGHTYELLOW_EX  = 103
+    LIGHTBLUE_EX    = 104
+    LIGHTMAGENTA_EX = 105
+    LIGHTCYAN_EX    = 106
+    LIGHTWHITE_EX   = 107
+
+
+class AnsiStyle(AnsiCodes):
+    BRIGHT    = 1
+    DIM       = 2
+    NORMAL    = 22
+    RESET_ALL = 0
+
+Fore   = AnsiFore()
+Back   = AnsiBack()
+Style  = AnsiStyle()
+Cursor = AnsiCursor()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/ansitowin32.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/ansitowin32.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6039a05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/ansitowin32.py
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+import re
+import sys
+import os
+
+from .ansi import AnsiFore, AnsiBack, AnsiStyle, Style, BEL
+from .winterm import WinTerm, WinColor, WinStyle
+from .win32 import windll, winapi_test
+
+
+winterm = None
+if windll is not None:
+    winterm = WinTerm()
+
+
+class StreamWrapper(object):
+    '''
+    Wraps a stream (such as stdout), acting as a transparent proxy for all
+    attribute access apart from method 'write()', which is delegated to our
+    Converter instance.
+    '''
+    def __init__(self, wrapped, converter):
+        # double-underscore everything to prevent clashes with names of
+        # attributes on the wrapped stream object.
+        self.__wrapped = wrapped
+        self.__convertor = converter
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self.__wrapped, name)
+
+    def __enter__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # special method lookup bypasses __getattr__/__getattribute__, see
+        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12632894/why-doesnt-getattr-work-with-exit
+        # thus, contextlib magic methods are not proxied via __getattr__
+        return self.__wrapped.__enter__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.__wrapped.__exit__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def write(self, text):
+        self.__convertor.write(text)
+
+    def isatty(self):
+        stream = self.__wrapped
+        if 'PYCHARM_HOSTED' in os.environ:
+            if stream is not None and (stream is sys.__stdout__ or stream is sys.__stderr__):
+                return True
+        try:
+            stream_isatty = stream.isatty
+        except AttributeError:
+            return False
+        else:
+            return stream_isatty()
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self):
+        stream = self.__wrapped
+        try:
+            return stream.closed
+        except AttributeError:
+            return True
+
+
+class AnsiToWin32(object):
+    '''
+    Implements a 'write()' method which, on Windows, will strip ANSI character
+    sequences from the text, and if outputting to a tty, will convert them into
+    win32 function calls.
+    '''
+    ANSI_CSI_RE = re.compile('\001?\033\\[((?:\\d|;)*)([a-zA-Z])\002?')   # Control Sequence Introducer
+    ANSI_OSC_RE = re.compile('\001?\033\\]([^\a]*)(\a)\002?')             # Operating System Command
+
+    def __init__(self, wrapped, convert=None, strip=None, autoreset=False):
+        # The wrapped stream (normally sys.stdout or sys.stderr)
+        self.wrapped = wrapped
+
+        # should we reset colors to defaults after every .write()
+        self.autoreset = autoreset
+
+        # create the proxy wrapping our output stream
+        self.stream = StreamWrapper(wrapped, self)
+
+        on_windows = os.name == 'nt'
+        # We test if the WinAPI works, because even if we are on Windows
+        # we may be using a terminal that doesn't support the WinAPI
+        # (e.g. Cygwin Terminal). In this case it's up to the terminal
+        # to support the ANSI codes.
+        conversion_supported = on_windows and winapi_test()
+
+        # should we strip ANSI sequences from our output?
+        if strip is None:
+            strip = conversion_supported or (not self.stream.closed and not self.stream.isatty())
+        self.strip = strip
+
+        # should we should convert ANSI sequences into win32 calls?
+        if convert is None:
+            convert = conversion_supported and not self.stream.closed and self.stream.isatty()
+        self.convert = convert
+
+        # dict of ansi codes to win32 functions and parameters
+        self.win32_calls = self.get_win32_calls()
+
+        # are we wrapping stderr?
+        self.on_stderr = self.wrapped is sys.stderr
+
+    def should_wrap(self):
+        '''
+        True if this class is actually needed. If false, then the output
+        stream will not be affected, nor will win32 calls be issued, so
+        wrapping stdout is not actually required. This will generally be
+        False on non-Windows platforms, unless optional functionality like
+        autoreset has been requested using kwargs to init()
+        '''
+        return self.convert or self.strip or self.autoreset
+
+    def get_win32_calls(self):
+        if self.convert and winterm:
+            return {
+                AnsiStyle.RESET_ALL: (winterm.reset_all, ),
+                AnsiStyle.BRIGHT: (winterm.style, WinStyle.BRIGHT),
+                AnsiStyle.DIM: (winterm.style, WinStyle.NORMAL),
+                AnsiStyle.NORMAL: (winterm.style, WinStyle.NORMAL),
+                AnsiFore.BLACK: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLACK),
+                AnsiFore.RED: (winterm.fore, WinColor.RED),
+                AnsiFore.GREEN: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREEN),
+                AnsiFore.YELLOW: (winterm.fore, WinColor.YELLOW),
+                AnsiFore.BLUE: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLUE),
+                AnsiFore.MAGENTA: (winterm.fore, WinColor.MAGENTA),
+                AnsiFore.CYAN: (winterm.fore, WinColor.CYAN),
+                AnsiFore.WHITE: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREY),
+                AnsiFore.RESET: (winterm.fore, ),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTBLACK_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLACK, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTRED_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.RED, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTGREEN_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREEN, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTYELLOW_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.YELLOW, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTBLUE_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLUE, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.MAGENTA, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTCYAN_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.CYAN, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTWHITE_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREY, True),
+                AnsiBack.BLACK: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLACK),
+                AnsiBack.RED: (winterm.back, WinColor.RED),
+                AnsiBack.GREEN: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREEN),
+                AnsiBack.YELLOW: (winterm.back, WinColor.YELLOW),
+                AnsiBack.BLUE: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLUE),
+                AnsiBack.MAGENTA: (winterm.back, WinColor.MAGENTA),
+                AnsiBack.CYAN: (winterm.back, WinColor.CYAN),
+                AnsiBack.WHITE: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREY),
+                AnsiBack.RESET: (winterm.back, ),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTBLACK_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLACK, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTRED_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.RED, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTGREEN_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREEN, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTYELLOW_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.YELLOW, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTBLUE_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLUE, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.MAGENTA, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTCYAN_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.CYAN, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTWHITE_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREY, True),
+            }
+        return dict()
+
+    def write(self, text):
+        if self.strip or self.convert:
+            self.write_and_convert(text)
+        else:
+            self.wrapped.write(text)
+            self.wrapped.flush()
+        if self.autoreset:
+            self.reset_all()
+
+
+    def reset_all(self):
+        if self.convert:
+            self.call_win32('m', (0,))
+        elif not self.strip and not self.stream.closed:
+            self.wrapped.write(Style.RESET_ALL)
+
+
+    def write_and_convert(self, text):
+        '''
+        Write the given text to our wrapped stream, stripping any ANSI
+        sequences from the text, and optionally converting them into win32
+        calls.
+        '''
+        cursor = 0
+        text = self.convert_osc(text)
+        for match in self.ANSI_CSI_RE.finditer(text):
+            start, end = match.span()
+            self.write_plain_text(text, cursor, start)
+            self.convert_ansi(*match.groups())
+            cursor = end
+        self.write_plain_text(text, cursor, len(text))
+
+
+    def write_plain_text(self, text, start, end):
+        if start < end:
+            self.wrapped.write(text[start:end])
+            self.wrapped.flush()
+
+
+    def convert_ansi(self, paramstring, command):
+        if self.convert:
+            params = self.extract_params(command, paramstring)
+            self.call_win32(command, params)
+
+
+    def extract_params(self, command, paramstring):
+        if command in 'Hf':
+            params = tuple(int(p) if len(p) != 0 else 1 for p in paramstring.split(';'))
+            while len(params) < 2:
+                # defaults:
+                params = params + (1,)
+        else:
+            params = tuple(int(p) for p in paramstring.split(';') if len(p) != 0)
+            if len(params) == 0:
+                # defaults:
+                if command in 'JKm':
+                    params = (0,)
+                elif command in 'ABCD':
+                    params = (1,)
+
+        return params
+
+
+    def call_win32(self, command, params):
+        if command == 'm':
+            for param in params:
+                if param in self.win32_calls:
+                    func_args = self.win32_calls[param]
+                    func = func_args[0]
+                    args = func_args[1:]
+                    kwargs = dict(on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+                    func(*args, **kwargs)
+        elif command in 'J':
+            winterm.erase_screen(params[0], on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+        elif command in 'K':
+            winterm.erase_line(params[0], on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+        elif command in 'Hf':     # cursor position - absolute
+            winterm.set_cursor_position(params, on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+        elif command in 'ABCD':   # cursor position - relative
+            n = params[0]
+            # A - up, B - down, C - forward, D - back
+            x, y = {'A': (0, -n), 'B': (0, n), 'C': (n, 0), 'D': (-n, 0)}[command]
+            winterm.cursor_adjust(x, y, on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+
+
+    def convert_osc(self, text):
+        for match in self.ANSI_OSC_RE.finditer(text):
+            start, end = match.span()
+            text = text[:start] + text[end:]
+            paramstring, command = match.groups()
+            if command == BEL:
+                if paramstring.count(";") == 1:
+                    params = paramstring.split(";")
+                    # 0 - change title and icon (we will only change title)
+                    # 1 - change icon (we don't support this)
+                    # 2 - change title
+                    if params[0] in '02':
+                        winterm.set_title(params[1])
+        return text
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/initialise.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/initialise.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..430d066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/initialise.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+import atexit
+import contextlib
+import sys
+
+from .ansitowin32 import AnsiToWin32
+
+
+orig_stdout = None
+orig_stderr = None
+
+wrapped_stdout = None
+wrapped_stderr = None
+
+atexit_done = False
+
+
+def reset_all():
+    if AnsiToWin32 is not None:    # Issue #74: objects might become None at exit
+        AnsiToWin32(orig_stdout).reset_all()
+
+
+def init(autoreset=False, convert=None, strip=None, wrap=True):
+
+    if not wrap and any([autoreset, convert, strip]):
+        raise ValueError('wrap=False conflicts with any other arg=True')
+
+    global wrapped_stdout, wrapped_stderr
+    global orig_stdout, orig_stderr
+
+    orig_stdout = sys.stdout
+    orig_stderr = sys.stderr
+
+    if sys.stdout is None:
+        wrapped_stdout = None
+    else:
+        sys.stdout = wrapped_stdout = \
+            wrap_stream(orig_stdout, convert, strip, autoreset, wrap)
+    if sys.stderr is None:
+        wrapped_stderr = None
+    else:
+        sys.stderr = wrapped_stderr = \
+            wrap_stream(orig_stderr, convert, strip, autoreset, wrap)
+
+    global atexit_done
+    if not atexit_done:
+        atexit.register(reset_all)
+        atexit_done = True
+
+
+def deinit():
+    if orig_stdout is not None:
+        sys.stdout = orig_stdout
+    if orig_stderr is not None:
+        sys.stderr = orig_stderr
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def colorama_text(*args, **kwargs):
+    init(*args, **kwargs)
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        deinit()
+
+
+def reinit():
+    if wrapped_stdout is not None:
+        sys.stdout = wrapped_stdout
+    if wrapped_stderr is not None:
+        sys.stderr = wrapped_stderr
+
+
+def wrap_stream(stream, convert, strip, autoreset, wrap):
+    if wrap:
+        wrapper = AnsiToWin32(stream,
+            convert=convert, strip=strip, autoreset=autoreset)
+        if wrapper.should_wrap():
+            stream = wrapper.stream
+    return stream
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/win32.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/win32.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2d8360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/win32.py
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+
+# from winbase.h
+STDOUT = -11
+STDERR = -12
+
+try:
+    import ctypes
+    from ctypes import LibraryLoader
+    windll = LibraryLoader(ctypes.WinDLL)
+    from ctypes import wintypes
+except (AttributeError, ImportError):
+    windll = None
+    SetConsoleTextAttribute = lambda *_: None
+    winapi_test = lambda *_: None
+else:
+    from ctypes import byref, Structure, c_char, POINTER
+
+    COORD = wintypes._COORD
+
+    class CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO(Structure):
+        """struct in wincon.h."""
+        _fields_ = [
+            ("dwSize", COORD),
+            ("dwCursorPosition", COORD),
+            ("wAttributes", wintypes.WORD),
+            ("srWindow", wintypes.SMALL_RECT),
+            ("dwMaximumWindowSize", COORD),
+        ]
+        def __str__(self):
+            return '(%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d)' % (
+                self.dwSize.Y, self.dwSize.X
+                , self.dwCursorPosition.Y, self.dwCursorPosition.X
+                , self.wAttributes
+                , self.srWindow.Top, self.srWindow.Left, self.srWindow.Bottom, self.srWindow.Right
+                , self.dwMaximumWindowSize.Y, self.dwMaximumWindowSize.X
+            )
+
+    _GetStdHandle = windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle
+    _GetStdHandle.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.DWORD,
+    ]
+    _GetStdHandle.restype = wintypes.HANDLE
+
+    _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo = windll.kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo
+    _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        POINTER(CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO),
+    ]
+    _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _SetConsoleTextAttribute = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute
+    _SetConsoleTextAttribute.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        wintypes.WORD,
+    ]
+    _SetConsoleTextAttribute.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _SetConsoleCursorPosition = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleCursorPosition
+    _SetConsoleCursorPosition.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        COORD,
+    ]
+    _SetConsoleCursorPosition.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _FillConsoleOutputCharacterA = windll.kernel32.FillConsoleOutputCharacterA
+    _FillConsoleOutputCharacterA.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        c_char,
+        wintypes.DWORD,
+        COORD,
+        POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),
+    ]
+    _FillConsoleOutputCharacterA.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _FillConsoleOutputAttribute = windll.kernel32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute
+    _FillConsoleOutputAttribute.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        wintypes.WORD,
+        wintypes.DWORD,
+        COORD,
+        POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),
+    ]
+    _FillConsoleOutputAttribute.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _SetConsoleTitleW = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTitleW
+    _SetConsoleTitleW.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.LPCWSTR
+    ]
+    _SetConsoleTitleW.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    def _winapi_test(handle):
+        csbi = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO()
+        success = _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(
+            handle, byref(csbi))
+        return bool(success)
+
+    def winapi_test():
+        return any(_winapi_test(h) for h in
+                   (_GetStdHandle(STDOUT), _GetStdHandle(STDERR)))
+
+    def GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(stream_id=STDOUT):
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        csbi = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO()
+        success = _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(
+            handle, byref(csbi))
+        return csbi
+
+    def SetConsoleTextAttribute(stream_id, attrs):
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        return _SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, attrs)
+
+    def SetConsoleCursorPosition(stream_id, position, adjust=True):
+        position = COORD(*position)
+        # If the position is out of range, do nothing.
+        if position.Y <= 0 or position.X <= 0:
+            return
+        # Adjust for Windows' SetConsoleCursorPosition:
+        #    1. being 0-based, while ANSI is 1-based.
+        #    2. expecting (x,y), while ANSI uses (y,x).
+        adjusted_position = COORD(position.Y - 1, position.X - 1)
+        if adjust:
+            # Adjust for viewport's scroll position
+            sr = GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(STDOUT).srWindow
+            adjusted_position.Y += sr.Top
+            adjusted_position.X += sr.Left
+        # Resume normal processing
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        return _SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, adjusted_position)
+
+    def FillConsoleOutputCharacter(stream_id, char, length, start):
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        char = c_char(char.encode())
+        length = wintypes.DWORD(length)
+        num_written = wintypes.DWORD(0)
+        # Note that this is hard-coded for ANSI (vs wide) bytes.
+        success = _FillConsoleOutputCharacterA(
+            handle, char, length, start, byref(num_written))
+        return num_written.value
+
+    def FillConsoleOutputAttribute(stream_id, attr, length, start):
+        ''' FillConsoleOutputAttribute( hConsole, csbi.wAttributes, dwConSize, coordScreen, &cCharsWritten )'''
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        attribute = wintypes.WORD(attr)
+        length = wintypes.DWORD(length)
+        num_written = wintypes.DWORD(0)
+        # Note that this is hard-coded for ANSI (vs wide) bytes.
+        return _FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
+            handle, attribute, length, start, byref(num_written))
+
+    def SetConsoleTitle(title):
+        return _SetConsoleTitleW(title)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/winterm.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/winterm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fdb4ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/colorama/winterm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+from . import win32
+
+
+# from wincon.h
+class WinColor(object):
+    BLACK   = 0
+    BLUE    = 1
+    GREEN   = 2
+    CYAN    = 3
+    RED     = 4
+    MAGENTA = 5
+    YELLOW  = 6
+    GREY    = 7
+
+# from wincon.h
+class WinStyle(object):
+    NORMAL              = 0x00 # dim text, dim background
+    BRIGHT              = 0x08 # bright text, dim background
+    BRIGHT_BACKGROUND   = 0x80 # dim text, bright background
+
+class WinTerm(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._default = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(win32.STDOUT).wAttributes
+        self.set_attrs(self._default)
+        self._default_fore = self._fore
+        self._default_back = self._back
+        self._default_style = self._style
+        # In order to emulate LIGHT_EX in windows, we borrow the BRIGHT style.
+        # So that LIGHT_EX colors and BRIGHT style do not clobber each other,
+        # we track them separately, since LIGHT_EX is overwritten by Fore/Back
+        # and BRIGHT is overwritten by Style codes.
+        self._light = 0
+
+    def get_attrs(self):
+        return self._fore + self._back * 16 + (self._style | self._light)
+
+    def set_attrs(self, value):
+        self._fore = value & 7
+        self._back = (value >> 4) & 7
+        self._style = value & (WinStyle.BRIGHT | WinStyle.BRIGHT_BACKGROUND)
+
+    def reset_all(self, on_stderr=None):
+        self.set_attrs(self._default)
+        self.set_console(attrs=self._default)
+        self._light = 0
+
+    def fore(self, fore=None, light=False, on_stderr=False):
+        if fore is None:
+            fore = self._default_fore
+        self._fore = fore
+        # Emulate LIGHT_EX with BRIGHT Style
+        if light:
+            self._light |= WinStyle.BRIGHT
+        else:
+            self._light &= ~WinStyle.BRIGHT
+        self.set_console(on_stderr=on_stderr)
+
+    def back(self, back=None, light=False, on_stderr=False):
+        if back is None:
+            back = self._default_back
+        self._back = back
+        # Emulate LIGHT_EX with BRIGHT_BACKGROUND Style
+        if light:
+            self._light |= WinStyle.BRIGHT_BACKGROUND
+        else:
+            self._light &= ~WinStyle.BRIGHT_BACKGROUND
+        self.set_console(on_stderr=on_stderr)
+
+    def style(self, style=None, on_stderr=False):
+        if style is None:
+            style = self._default_style
+        self._style = style
+        self.set_console(on_stderr=on_stderr)
+
+    def set_console(self, attrs=None, on_stderr=False):
+        if attrs is None:
+            attrs = self.get_attrs()
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        win32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, attrs)
+
+    def get_position(self, handle):
+        position = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle).dwCursorPosition
+        # Because Windows coordinates are 0-based,
+        # and win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition expects 1-based.
+        position.X += 1
+        position.Y += 1
+        return position
+
+    def set_cursor_position(self, position=None, on_stderr=False):
+        if position is None:
+            # I'm not currently tracking the position, so there is no default.
+            # position = self.get_position()
+            return
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, position)
+
+    def cursor_adjust(self, x, y, on_stderr=False):
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        position = self.get_position(handle)
+        adjusted_position = (position.Y + y, position.X + x)
+        win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, adjusted_position, adjust=False)
+
+    def erase_screen(self, mode=0, on_stderr=False):
+        # 0 should clear from the cursor to the end of the screen.
+        # 1 should clear from the cursor to the beginning of the screen.
+        # 2 should clear the entire screen, and move cursor to (1,1)
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        csbi = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle)
+        # get the number of character cells in the current buffer
+        cells_in_screen = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y
+        # get number of character cells before current cursor position
+        cells_before_cursor = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y + csbi.dwCursorPosition.X
+        if mode == 0:
+            from_coord = csbi.dwCursorPosition
+            cells_to_erase = cells_in_screen - cells_before_cursor
+        elif mode == 1:
+            from_coord = win32.COORD(0, 0)
+            cells_to_erase = cells_before_cursor
+        elif mode == 2:
+            from_coord = win32.COORD(0, 0)
+            cells_to_erase = cells_in_screen
+        else:
+            # invalid mode
+            return
+        # fill the entire screen with blanks
+        win32.FillConsoleOutputCharacter(handle, ' ', cells_to_erase, from_coord)
+        # now set the buffer's attributes accordingly
+        win32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute(handle, self.get_attrs(), cells_to_erase, from_coord)
+        if mode == 2:
+            # put the cursor where needed
+            win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, (1, 1))
+
+    def erase_line(self, mode=0, on_stderr=False):
+        # 0 should clear from the cursor to the end of the line.
+        # 1 should clear from the cursor to the beginning of the line.
+        # 2 should clear the entire line.
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        csbi = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle)
+        if mode == 0:
+            from_coord = csbi.dwCursorPosition
+            cells_to_erase = csbi.dwSize.X - csbi.dwCursorPosition.X
+        elif mode == 1:
+            from_coord = win32.COORD(0, csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y)
+            cells_to_erase = csbi.dwCursorPosition.X
+        elif mode == 2:
+            from_coord = win32.COORD(0, csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y)
+            cells_to_erase = csbi.dwSize.X
+        else:
+            # invalid mode
+            return
+        # fill the entire screen with blanks
+        win32.FillConsoleOutputCharacter(handle, ' ', cells_to_erase, from_coord)
+        # now set the buffer's attributes accordingly
+        win32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute(handle, self.get_attrs(), cells_to_erase, from_coord)
+
+    def set_title(self, title):
+        win32.SetConsoleTitle(title)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1154948
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2019 Vinay Sajip.
+# Licensed to the Python Software Foundation under a contributor agreement.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+import logging
+
+__version__ = '0.3.3'
+
+class DistlibException(Exception):
+    pass
+
+try:
+    from logging import NullHandler
+except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
+    class NullHandler(logging.Handler):
+        def handle(self, record): pass
+        def emit(self, record): pass
+        def createLock(self): self.lock = None
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+logger.addHandler(NullHandler())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7dbf4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""Modules copied from Python 3 standard libraries, for internal use only.
+
+Individual classes and functions are found in d2._backport.misc.  Intended
+usage is to always import things missing from 3.1 from that module: the
+built-in/stdlib objects will be used if found.
+"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/misc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/misc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfb318d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/misc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012 The Python Software Foundation.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+"""Backports for individual classes and functions."""
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+__all__ = ['cache_from_source', 'callable', 'fsencode']
+
+
+try:
+    from imp import cache_from_source
+except ImportError:
+    def cache_from_source(py_file, debug=__debug__):
+        ext = debug and 'c' or 'o'
+        return py_file + ext
+
+
+try:
+    callable = callable
+except NameError:
+    from collections import Callable
+
+    def callable(obj):
+        return isinstance(obj, Callable)
+
+
+try:
+    fsencode = os.fsencode
+except AttributeError:
+    def fsencode(filename):
+        if isinstance(filename, bytes):
+            return filename
+        elif isinstance(filename, str):
+            return filename.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("expect bytes or str, not %s" %
+                            type(filename).__name__)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/shutil.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/shutil.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10ed362
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/shutil.py
@@ -0,0 +1,764 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012 The Python Software Foundation.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+"""Utility functions for copying and archiving files and directory trees.
+
+XXX The functions here don't copy the resource fork or other metadata on Mac.
+
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import stat
+from os.path import abspath
+import fnmatch
+try:
+    from collections.abc import Callable
+except ImportError:
+    from collections import Callable
+import errno
+from . import tarfile
+
+try:
+    import bz2
+    _BZ2_SUPPORTED = True
+except ImportError:
+    _BZ2_SUPPORTED = False
+
+try:
+    from pwd import getpwnam
+except ImportError:
+    getpwnam = None
+
+try:
+    from grp import getgrnam
+except ImportError:
+    getgrnam = None
+
+__all__ = ["copyfileobj", "copyfile", "copymode", "copystat", "copy", "copy2",
+           "copytree", "move", "rmtree", "Error", "SpecialFileError",
+           "ExecError", "make_archive", "get_archive_formats",
+           "register_archive_format", "unregister_archive_format",
+           "get_unpack_formats", "register_unpack_format",
+           "unregister_unpack_format", "unpack_archive", "ignore_patterns"]
+
+class Error(EnvironmentError):
+    pass
+
+class SpecialFileError(EnvironmentError):
+    """Raised when trying to do a kind of operation (e.g. copying) which is
+    not supported on a special file (e.g. a named pipe)"""
+
+class ExecError(EnvironmentError):
+    """Raised when a command could not be executed"""
+
+class ReadError(EnvironmentError):
+    """Raised when an archive cannot be read"""
+
+class RegistryError(Exception):
+    """Raised when a registry operation with the archiving
+    and unpacking registries fails"""
+
+
+try:
+    WindowsError
+except NameError:
+    WindowsError = None
+
+def copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst, length=16*1024):
+    """copy data from file-like object fsrc to file-like object fdst"""
+    while 1:
+        buf = fsrc.read(length)
+        if not buf:
+            break
+        fdst.write(buf)
+
+def _samefile(src, dst):
+    # Macintosh, Unix.
+    if hasattr(os.path, 'samefile'):
+        try:
+            return os.path.samefile(src, dst)
+        except OSError:
+            return False
+
+    # All other platforms: check for same pathname.
+    return (os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(src)) ==
+            os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(dst)))
+
+def copyfile(src, dst):
+    """Copy data from src to dst"""
+    if _samefile(src, dst):
+        raise Error("`%s` and `%s` are the same file" % (src, dst))
+
+    for fn in [src, dst]:
+        try:
+            st = os.stat(fn)
+        except OSError:
+            # File most likely does not exist
+            pass
+        else:
+            # XXX What about other special files? (sockets, devices...)
+            if stat.S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode):
+                raise SpecialFileError("`%s` is a named pipe" % fn)
+
+    with open(src, 'rb') as fsrc:
+        with open(dst, 'wb') as fdst:
+            copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst)
+
+def copymode(src, dst):
+    """Copy mode bits from src to dst"""
+    if hasattr(os, 'chmod'):
+        st = os.stat(src)
+        mode = stat.S_IMODE(st.st_mode)
+        os.chmod(dst, mode)
+
+def copystat(src, dst):
+    """Copy all stat info (mode bits, atime, mtime, flags) from src to dst"""
+    st = os.stat(src)
+    mode = stat.S_IMODE(st.st_mode)
+    if hasattr(os, 'utime'):
+        os.utime(dst, (st.st_atime, st.st_mtime))
+    if hasattr(os, 'chmod'):
+        os.chmod(dst, mode)
+    if hasattr(os, 'chflags') and hasattr(st, 'st_flags'):
+        try:
+            os.chflags(dst, st.st_flags)
+        except OSError as why:
+            if (not hasattr(errno, 'EOPNOTSUPP') or
+                why.errno != errno.EOPNOTSUPP):
+                raise
+
+def copy(src, dst):
+    """Copy data and mode bits ("cp src dst").
+
+    The destination may be a directory.
+
+    """
+    if os.path.isdir(dst):
+        dst = os.path.join(dst, os.path.basename(src))
+    copyfile(src, dst)
+    copymode(src, dst)
+
+def copy2(src, dst):
+    """Copy data and all stat info ("cp -p src dst").
+
+    The destination may be a directory.
+
+    """
+    if os.path.isdir(dst):
+        dst = os.path.join(dst, os.path.basename(src))
+    copyfile(src, dst)
+    copystat(src, dst)
+
+def ignore_patterns(*patterns):
+    """Function that can be used as copytree() ignore parameter.
+
+    Patterns is a sequence of glob-style patterns
+    that are used to exclude files"""
+    def _ignore_patterns(path, names):
+        ignored_names = []
+        for pattern in patterns:
+            ignored_names.extend(fnmatch.filter(names, pattern))
+        return set(ignored_names)
+    return _ignore_patterns
+
+def copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None, copy_function=copy2,
+             ignore_dangling_symlinks=False):
+    """Recursively copy a directory tree.
+
+    The destination directory must not already exist.
+    If exception(s) occur, an Error is raised with a list of reasons.
+
+    If the optional symlinks flag is true, symbolic links in the
+    source tree result in symbolic links in the destination tree; if
+    it is false, the contents of the files pointed to by symbolic
+    links are copied. If the file pointed by the symlink doesn't
+    exist, an exception will be added in the list of errors raised in
+    an Error exception at the end of the copy process.
+
+    You can set the optional ignore_dangling_symlinks flag to true if you
+    want to silence this exception. Notice that this has no effect on
+    platforms that don't support os.symlink.
+
+    The optional ignore argument is a callable. If given, it
+    is called with the `src` parameter, which is the directory
+    being visited by copytree(), and `names` which is the list of
+    `src` contents, as returned by os.listdir():
+
+        callable(src, names) -> ignored_names
+
+    Since copytree() is called recursively, the callable will be
+    called once for each directory that is copied. It returns a
+    list of names relative to the `src` directory that should
+    not be copied.
+
+    The optional copy_function argument is a callable that will be used
+    to copy each file. It will be called with the source path and the
+    destination path as arguments. By default, copy2() is used, but any
+    function that supports the same signature (like copy()) can be used.
+
+    """
+    names = os.listdir(src)
+    if ignore is not None:
+        ignored_names = ignore(src, names)
+    else:
+        ignored_names = set()
+
+    os.makedirs(dst)
+    errors = []
+    for name in names:
+        if name in ignored_names:
+            continue
+        srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
+        dstname = os.path.join(dst, name)
+        try:
+            if os.path.islink(srcname):
+                linkto = os.readlink(srcname)
+                if symlinks:
+                    os.symlink(linkto, dstname)
+                else:
+                    # ignore dangling symlink if the flag is on
+                    if not os.path.exists(linkto) and ignore_dangling_symlinks:
+                        continue
+                    # otherwise let the copy occurs. copy2 will raise an error
+                    copy_function(srcname, dstname)
+            elif os.path.isdir(srcname):
+                copytree(srcname, dstname, symlinks, ignore, copy_function)
+            else:
+                # Will raise a SpecialFileError for unsupported file types
+                copy_function(srcname, dstname)
+        # catch the Error from the recursive copytree so that we can
+        # continue with other files
+        except Error as err:
+            errors.extend(err.args[0])
+        except EnvironmentError as why:
+            errors.append((srcname, dstname, str(why)))
+    try:
+        copystat(src, dst)
+    except OSError as why:
+        if WindowsError is not None and isinstance(why, WindowsError):
+            # Copying file access times may fail on Windows
+            pass
+        else:
+            errors.extend((src, dst, str(why)))
+    if errors:
+        raise Error(errors)
+
+def rmtree(path, ignore_errors=False, onerror=None):
+    """Recursively delete a directory tree.
+
+    If ignore_errors is set, errors are ignored; otherwise, if onerror
+    is set, it is called to handle the error with arguments (func,
+    path, exc_info) where func is os.listdir, os.remove, or os.rmdir;
+    path is the argument to that function that caused it to fail; and
+    exc_info is a tuple returned by sys.exc_info().  If ignore_errors
+    is false and onerror is None, an exception is raised.
+
+    """
+    if ignore_errors:
+        def onerror(*args):
+            pass
+    elif onerror is None:
+        def onerror(*args):
+            raise
+    try:
+        if os.path.islink(path):
+            # symlinks to directories are forbidden, see bug #1669
+            raise OSError("Cannot call rmtree on a symbolic link")
+    except OSError:
+        onerror(os.path.islink, path, sys.exc_info())
+        # can't continue even if onerror hook returns
+        return
+    names = []
+    try:
+        names = os.listdir(path)
+    except os.error:
+        onerror(os.listdir, path, sys.exc_info())
+    for name in names:
+        fullname = os.path.join(path, name)
+        try:
+            mode = os.lstat(fullname).st_mode
+        except os.error:
+            mode = 0
+        if stat.S_ISDIR(mode):
+            rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror)
+        else:
+            try:
+                os.remove(fullname)
+            except os.error:
+                onerror(os.remove, fullname, sys.exc_info())
+    try:
+        os.rmdir(path)
+    except os.error:
+        onerror(os.rmdir, path, sys.exc_info())
+
+
+def _basename(path):
+    # A basename() variant which first strips the trailing slash, if present.
+    # Thus we always get the last component of the path, even for directories.
+    return os.path.basename(path.rstrip(os.path.sep))
+
+def move(src, dst):
+    """Recursively move a file or directory to another location. This is
+    similar to the Unix "mv" command.
+
+    If the destination is a directory or a symlink to a directory, the source
+    is moved inside the directory. The destination path must not already
+    exist.
+
+    If the destination already exists but is not a directory, it may be
+    overwritten depending on os.rename() semantics.
+
+    If the destination is on our current filesystem, then rename() is used.
+    Otherwise, src is copied to the destination and then removed.
+    A lot more could be done here...  A look at a mv.c shows a lot of
+    the issues this implementation glosses over.
+
+    """
+    real_dst = dst
+    if os.path.isdir(dst):
+        if _samefile(src, dst):
+            # We might be on a case insensitive filesystem,
+            # perform the rename anyway.
+            os.rename(src, dst)
+            return
+
+        real_dst = os.path.join(dst, _basename(src))
+        if os.path.exists(real_dst):
+            raise Error("Destination path '%s' already exists" % real_dst)
+    try:
+        os.rename(src, real_dst)
+    except OSError:
+        if os.path.isdir(src):
+            if _destinsrc(src, dst):
+                raise Error("Cannot move a directory '%s' into itself '%s'." % (src, dst))
+            copytree(src, real_dst, symlinks=True)
+            rmtree(src)
+        else:
+            copy2(src, real_dst)
+            os.unlink(src)
+
+def _destinsrc(src, dst):
+    src = abspath(src)
+    dst = abspath(dst)
+    if not src.endswith(os.path.sep):
+        src += os.path.sep
+    if not dst.endswith(os.path.sep):
+        dst += os.path.sep
+    return dst.startswith(src)
+
+def _get_gid(name):
+    """Returns a gid, given a group name."""
+    if getgrnam is None or name is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        result = getgrnam(name)
+    except KeyError:
+        result = None
+    if result is not None:
+        return result[2]
+    return None
+
+def _get_uid(name):
+    """Returns an uid, given a user name."""
+    if getpwnam is None or name is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        result = getpwnam(name)
+    except KeyError:
+        result = None
+    if result is not None:
+        return result[2]
+    return None
+
+def _make_tarball(base_name, base_dir, compress="gzip", verbose=0, dry_run=0,
+                  owner=None, group=None, logger=None):
+    """Create a (possibly compressed) tar file from all the files under
+    'base_dir'.
+
+    'compress' must be "gzip" (the default), "bzip2", or None.
+
+    'owner' and 'group' can be used to define an owner and a group for the
+    archive that is being built. If not provided, the current owner and group
+    will be used.
+
+    The output tar file will be named 'base_name' +  ".tar", possibly plus
+    the appropriate compression extension (".gz", or ".bz2").
+
+    Returns the output filename.
+    """
+    tar_compression = {'gzip': 'gz', None: ''}
+    compress_ext = {'gzip': '.gz'}
+
+    if _BZ2_SUPPORTED:
+        tar_compression['bzip2'] = 'bz2'
+        compress_ext['bzip2'] = '.bz2'
+
+    # flags for compression program, each element of list will be an argument
+    if compress is not None and compress not in compress_ext:
+        raise ValueError("bad value for 'compress', or compression format not "
+                         "supported : {0}".format(compress))
+
+    archive_name = base_name + '.tar' + compress_ext.get(compress, '')
+    archive_dir = os.path.dirname(archive_name)
+
+    if not os.path.exists(archive_dir):
+        if logger is not None:
+            logger.info("creating %s", archive_dir)
+        if not dry_run:
+            os.makedirs(archive_dir)
+
+    # creating the tarball
+    if logger is not None:
+        logger.info('Creating tar archive')
+
+    uid = _get_uid(owner)
+    gid = _get_gid(group)
+
+    def _set_uid_gid(tarinfo):
+        if gid is not None:
+            tarinfo.gid = gid
+            tarinfo.gname = group
+        if uid is not None:
+            tarinfo.uid = uid
+            tarinfo.uname = owner
+        return tarinfo
+
+    if not dry_run:
+        tar = tarfile.open(archive_name, 'w|%s' % tar_compression[compress])
+        try:
+            tar.add(base_dir, filter=_set_uid_gid)
+        finally:
+            tar.close()
+
+    return archive_name
+
+def _call_external_zip(base_dir, zip_filename, verbose=False, dry_run=False):
+    # XXX see if we want to keep an external call here
+    if verbose:
+        zipoptions = "-r"
+    else:
+        zipoptions = "-rq"
+    from distutils.errors import DistutilsExecError
+    from distutils.spawn import spawn
+    try:
+        spawn(["zip", zipoptions, zip_filename, base_dir], dry_run=dry_run)
+    except DistutilsExecError:
+        # XXX really should distinguish between "couldn't find
+        # external 'zip' command" and "zip failed".
+        raise ExecError("unable to create zip file '%s': "
+            "could neither import the 'zipfile' module nor "
+            "find a standalone zip utility") % zip_filename
+
+def _make_zipfile(base_name, base_dir, verbose=0, dry_run=0, logger=None):
+    """Create a zip file from all the files under 'base_dir'.
+
+    The output zip file will be named 'base_name' + ".zip".  Uses either the
+    "zipfile" Python module (if available) or the InfoZIP "zip" utility
+    (if installed and found on the default search path).  If neither tool is
+    available, raises ExecError.  Returns the name of the output zip
+    file.
+    """
+    zip_filename = base_name + ".zip"
+    archive_dir = os.path.dirname(base_name)
+
+    if not os.path.exists(archive_dir):
+        if logger is not None:
+            logger.info("creating %s", archive_dir)
+        if not dry_run:
+            os.makedirs(archive_dir)
+
+    # If zipfile module is not available, try spawning an external 'zip'
+    # command.
+    try:
+        import zipfile
+    except ImportError:
+        zipfile = None
+
+    if zipfile is None:
+        _call_external_zip(base_dir, zip_filename, verbose, dry_run)
+    else:
+        if logger is not None:
+            logger.info("creating '%s' and adding '%s' to it",
+                        zip_filename, base_dir)
+
+        if not dry_run:
+            zip = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_filename, "w",
+                                  compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
+
+            for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(base_dir):
+                for name in filenames:
+                    path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(dirpath, name))
+                    if os.path.isfile(path):
+                        zip.write(path, path)
+                        if logger is not None:
+                            logger.info("adding '%s'", path)
+            zip.close()
+
+    return zip_filename
+
+_ARCHIVE_FORMATS = {
+    'gztar': (_make_tarball, [('compress', 'gzip')], "gzip'ed tar-file"),
+    'bztar': (_make_tarball, [('compress', 'bzip2')], "bzip2'ed tar-file"),
+    'tar':   (_make_tarball, [('compress', None)], "uncompressed tar file"),
+    'zip':   (_make_zipfile, [], "ZIP file"),
+    }
+
+if _BZ2_SUPPORTED:
+    _ARCHIVE_FORMATS['bztar'] = (_make_tarball, [('compress', 'bzip2')],
+                                "bzip2'ed tar-file")
+
+def get_archive_formats():
+    """Returns a list of supported formats for archiving and unarchiving.
+
+    Each element of the returned sequence is a tuple (name, description)
+    """
+    formats = [(name, registry[2]) for name, registry in
+               _ARCHIVE_FORMATS.items()]
+    formats.sort()
+    return formats
+
+def register_archive_format(name, function, extra_args=None, description=''):
+    """Registers an archive format.
+
+    name is the name of the format. function is the callable that will be
+    used to create archives. If provided, extra_args is a sequence of
+    (name, value) tuples that will be passed as arguments to the callable.
+    description can be provided to describe the format, and will be returned
+    by the get_archive_formats() function.
+    """
+    if extra_args is None:
+        extra_args = []
+    if not isinstance(function, Callable):
+        raise TypeError('The %s object is not callable' % function)
+    if not isinstance(extra_args, (tuple, list)):
+        raise TypeError('extra_args needs to be a sequence')
+    for element in extra_args:
+        if not isinstance(element, (tuple, list)) or len(element) !=2:
+            raise TypeError('extra_args elements are : (arg_name, value)')
+
+    _ARCHIVE_FORMATS[name] = (function, extra_args, description)
+
+def unregister_archive_format(name):
+    del _ARCHIVE_FORMATS[name]
+
+def make_archive(base_name, format, root_dir=None, base_dir=None, verbose=0,
+                 dry_run=0, owner=None, group=None, logger=None):
+    """Create an archive file (eg. zip or tar).
+
+    'base_name' is the name of the file to create, minus any format-specific
+    extension; 'format' is the archive format: one of "zip", "tar", "bztar"
+    or "gztar".
+
+    'root_dir' is a directory that will be the root directory of the
+    archive; ie. we typically chdir into 'root_dir' before creating the
+    archive.  'base_dir' is the directory where we start archiving from;
+    ie. 'base_dir' will be the common prefix of all files and
+    directories in the archive.  'root_dir' and 'base_dir' both default
+    to the current directory.  Returns the name of the archive file.
+
+    'owner' and 'group' are used when creating a tar archive. By default,
+    uses the current owner and group.
+    """
+    save_cwd = os.getcwd()
+    if root_dir is not None:
+        if logger is not None:
+            logger.debug("changing into '%s'", root_dir)
+        base_name = os.path.abspath(base_name)
+        if not dry_run:
+            os.chdir(root_dir)
+
+    if base_dir is None:
+        base_dir = os.curdir
+
+    kwargs = {'dry_run': dry_run, 'logger': logger}
+
+    try:
+        format_info = _ARCHIVE_FORMATS[format]
+    except KeyError:
+        raise ValueError("unknown archive format '%s'" % format)
+
+    func = format_info[0]
+    for arg, val in format_info[1]:
+        kwargs[arg] = val
+
+    if format != 'zip':
+        kwargs['owner'] = owner
+        kwargs['group'] = group
+
+    try:
+        filename = func(base_name, base_dir, **kwargs)
+    finally:
+        if root_dir is not None:
+            if logger is not None:
+                logger.debug("changing back to '%s'", save_cwd)
+            os.chdir(save_cwd)
+
+    return filename
+
+
+def get_unpack_formats():
+    """Returns a list of supported formats for unpacking.
+
+    Each element of the returned sequence is a tuple
+    (name, extensions, description)
+    """
+    formats = [(name, info[0], info[3]) for name, info in
+               _UNPACK_FORMATS.items()]
+    formats.sort()
+    return formats
+
+def _check_unpack_options(extensions, function, extra_args):
+    """Checks what gets registered as an unpacker."""
+    # first make sure no other unpacker is registered for this extension
+    existing_extensions = {}
+    for name, info in _UNPACK_FORMATS.items():
+        for ext in info[0]:
+            existing_extensions[ext] = name
+
+    for extension in extensions:
+        if extension in existing_extensions:
+            msg = '%s is already registered for "%s"'
+            raise RegistryError(msg % (extension,
+                                       existing_extensions[extension]))
+
+    if not isinstance(function, Callable):
+        raise TypeError('The registered function must be a callable')
+
+
+def register_unpack_format(name, extensions, function, extra_args=None,
+                           description=''):
+    """Registers an unpack format.
+
+    `name` is the name of the format. `extensions` is a list of extensions
+    corresponding to the format.
+
+    `function` is the callable that will be
+    used to unpack archives. The callable will receive archives to unpack.
+    If it's unable to handle an archive, it needs to raise a ReadError
+    exception.
+
+    If provided, `extra_args` is a sequence of
+    (name, value) tuples that will be passed as arguments to the callable.
+    description can be provided to describe the format, and will be returned
+    by the get_unpack_formats() function.
+    """
+    if extra_args is None:
+        extra_args = []
+    _check_unpack_options(extensions, function, extra_args)
+    _UNPACK_FORMATS[name] = extensions, function, extra_args, description
+
+def unregister_unpack_format(name):
+    """Removes the pack format from the registry."""
+    del _UNPACK_FORMATS[name]
+
+def _ensure_directory(path):
+    """Ensure that the parent directory of `path` exists"""
+    dirname = os.path.dirname(path)
+    if not os.path.isdir(dirname):
+        os.makedirs(dirname)
+
+def _unpack_zipfile(filename, extract_dir):
+    """Unpack zip `filename` to `extract_dir`
+    """
+    try:
+        import zipfile
+    except ImportError:
+        raise ReadError('zlib not supported, cannot unpack this archive.')
+
+    if not zipfile.is_zipfile(filename):
+        raise ReadError("%s is not a zip file" % filename)
+
+    zip = zipfile.ZipFile(filename)
+    try:
+        for info in zip.infolist():
+            name = info.filename
+
+            # don't extract absolute paths or ones with .. in them
+            if name.startswith('/') or '..' in name:
+                continue
+
+            target = os.path.join(extract_dir, *name.split('/'))
+            if not target:
+                continue
+
+            _ensure_directory(target)
+            if not name.endswith('/'):
+                # file
+                data = zip.read(info.filename)
+                f = open(target, 'wb')
+                try:
+                    f.write(data)
+                finally:
+                    f.close()
+                    del data
+    finally:
+        zip.close()
+
+def _unpack_tarfile(filename, extract_dir):
+    """Unpack tar/tar.gz/tar.bz2 `filename` to `extract_dir`
+    """
+    try:
+        tarobj = tarfile.open(filename)
+    except tarfile.TarError:
+        raise ReadError(
+            "%s is not a compressed or uncompressed tar file" % filename)
+    try:
+        tarobj.extractall(extract_dir)
+    finally:
+        tarobj.close()
+
+_UNPACK_FORMATS = {
+    'gztar': (['.tar.gz', '.tgz'], _unpack_tarfile, [], "gzip'ed tar-file"),
+    'tar':   (['.tar'], _unpack_tarfile, [], "uncompressed tar file"),
+    'zip':   (['.zip'], _unpack_zipfile, [], "ZIP file")
+    }
+
+if _BZ2_SUPPORTED:
+    _UNPACK_FORMATS['bztar'] = (['.bz2'], _unpack_tarfile, [],
+                                "bzip2'ed tar-file")
+
+def _find_unpack_format(filename):
+    for name, info in _UNPACK_FORMATS.items():
+        for extension in info[0]:
+            if filename.endswith(extension):
+                return name
+    return None
+
+def unpack_archive(filename, extract_dir=None, format=None):
+    """Unpack an archive.
+
+    `filename` is the name of the archive.
+
+    `extract_dir` is the name of the target directory, where the archive
+    is unpacked. If not provided, the current working directory is used.
+
+    `format` is the archive format: one of "zip", "tar", or "gztar". Or any
+    other registered format. If not provided, unpack_archive will use the
+    filename extension and see if an unpacker was registered for that
+    extension.
+
+    In case none is found, a ValueError is raised.
+    """
+    if extract_dir is None:
+        extract_dir = os.getcwd()
+
+    if format is not None:
+        try:
+            format_info = _UNPACK_FORMATS[format]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ValueError("Unknown unpack format '{0}'".format(format))
+
+        func = format_info[1]
+        func(filename, extract_dir, **dict(format_info[2]))
+    else:
+        # we need to look at the registered unpackers supported extensions
+        format = _find_unpack_format(filename)
+        if format is None:
+            raise ReadError("Unknown archive format '{0}'".format(filename))
+
+        func = _UNPACK_FORMATS[format][1]
+        kwargs = dict(_UNPACK_FORMATS[format][2])
+        func(filename, extract_dir, **kwargs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/sysconfig.cfg b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/sysconfig.cfg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1746bd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/sysconfig.cfg
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+[posix_prefix]
+# Configuration directories.  Some of these come straight out of the
+# configure script.  They are for implementing the other variables, not to
+# be used directly in [resource_locations].
+confdir = /etc
+datadir = /usr/share
+libdir = /usr/lib
+statedir = /var
+# User resource directory
+local = ~/.local/{distribution.name}
+
+stdlib = {base}/lib/python{py_version_short}
+platstdlib = {platbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}
+purelib = {base}/lib/python{py_version_short}/site-packages
+platlib = {platbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}/site-packages
+include = {base}/include/python{py_version_short}{abiflags}
+platinclude = {platbase}/include/python{py_version_short}{abiflags}
+data = {base}
+
+[posix_home]
+stdlib = {base}/lib/python
+platstdlib = {base}/lib/python
+purelib = {base}/lib/python
+platlib = {base}/lib/python
+include = {base}/include/python
+platinclude = {base}/include/python
+scripts = {base}/bin
+data = {base}
+
+[nt]
+stdlib = {base}/Lib
+platstdlib = {base}/Lib
+purelib = {base}/Lib/site-packages
+platlib = {base}/Lib/site-packages
+include = {base}/Include
+platinclude = {base}/Include
+scripts = {base}/Scripts
+data = {base}
+
+[os2]
+stdlib = {base}/Lib
+platstdlib = {base}/Lib
+purelib = {base}/Lib/site-packages
+platlib = {base}/Lib/site-packages
+include = {base}/Include
+platinclude = {base}/Include
+scripts = {base}/Scripts
+data = {base}
+
+[os2_home]
+stdlib = {userbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}
+platstdlib = {userbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}
+purelib = {userbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}/site-packages
+platlib = {userbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}/site-packages
+include = {userbase}/include/python{py_version_short}
+scripts = {userbase}/bin
+data = {userbase}
+
+[nt_user]
+stdlib = {userbase}/Python{py_version_nodot}
+platstdlib = {userbase}/Python{py_version_nodot}
+purelib = {userbase}/Python{py_version_nodot}/site-packages
+platlib = {userbase}/Python{py_version_nodot}/site-packages
+include = {userbase}/Python{py_version_nodot}/Include
+scripts = {userbase}/Scripts
+data = {userbase}
+
+[posix_user]
+stdlib = {userbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}
+platstdlib = {userbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}
+purelib = {userbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}/site-packages
+platlib = {userbase}/lib/python{py_version_short}/site-packages
+include = {userbase}/include/python{py_version_short}
+scripts = {userbase}/bin
+data = {userbase}
+
+[osx_framework_user]
+stdlib = {userbase}/lib/python
+platstdlib = {userbase}/lib/python
+purelib = {userbase}/lib/python/site-packages
+platlib = {userbase}/lib/python/site-packages
+include = {userbase}/include
+scripts = {userbase}/bin
+data = {userbase}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/sysconfig.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/sysconfig.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b470a37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/sysconfig.py
@@ -0,0 +1,786 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012 The Python Software Foundation.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+"""Access to Python's configuration information."""
+
+import codecs
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+from os.path import pardir, realpath
+try:
+    import configparser
+except ImportError:
+    import ConfigParser as configparser
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    'get_config_h_filename',
+    'get_config_var',
+    'get_config_vars',
+    'get_makefile_filename',
+    'get_path',
+    'get_path_names',
+    'get_paths',
+    'get_platform',
+    'get_python_version',
+    'get_scheme_names',
+    'parse_config_h',
+]
+
+
+def _safe_realpath(path):
+    try:
+        return realpath(path)
+    except OSError:
+        return path
+
+
+if sys.executable:
+    _PROJECT_BASE = os.path.dirname(_safe_realpath(sys.executable))
+else:
+    # sys.executable can be empty if argv[0] has been changed and Python is
+    # unable to retrieve the real program name
+    _PROJECT_BASE = _safe_realpath(os.getcwd())
+
+if os.name == "nt" and "pcbuild" in _PROJECT_BASE[-8:].lower():
+    _PROJECT_BASE = _safe_realpath(os.path.join(_PROJECT_BASE, pardir))
+# PC/VS7.1
+if os.name == "nt" and "\\pc\\v" in _PROJECT_BASE[-10:].lower():
+    _PROJECT_BASE = _safe_realpath(os.path.join(_PROJECT_BASE, pardir, pardir))
+# PC/AMD64
+if os.name == "nt" and "\\pcbuild\\amd64" in _PROJECT_BASE[-14:].lower():
+    _PROJECT_BASE = _safe_realpath(os.path.join(_PROJECT_BASE, pardir, pardir))
+
+
+def is_python_build():
+    for fn in ("Setup.dist", "Setup.local"):
+        if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(_PROJECT_BASE, "Modules", fn)):
+            return True
+    return False
+
+_PYTHON_BUILD = is_python_build()
+
+_cfg_read = False
+
+def _ensure_cfg_read():
+    global _cfg_read
+    if not _cfg_read:
+        from ..resources import finder
+        backport_package = __name__.rsplit('.', 1)[0]
+        _finder = finder(backport_package)
+        _cfgfile = _finder.find('sysconfig.cfg')
+        assert _cfgfile, 'sysconfig.cfg exists'
+        with _cfgfile.as_stream() as s:
+            _SCHEMES.readfp(s)
+        if _PYTHON_BUILD:
+            for scheme in ('posix_prefix', 'posix_home'):
+                _SCHEMES.set(scheme, 'include', '{srcdir}/Include')
+                _SCHEMES.set(scheme, 'platinclude', '{projectbase}/.')
+
+        _cfg_read = True
+
+
+_SCHEMES = configparser.RawConfigParser()
+_VAR_REPL = re.compile(r'\{([^{]*?)\}')
+
+def _expand_globals(config):
+    _ensure_cfg_read()
+    if config.has_section('globals'):
+        globals = config.items('globals')
+    else:
+        globals = tuple()
+
+    sections = config.sections()
+    for section in sections:
+        if section == 'globals':
+            continue
+        for option, value in globals:
+            if config.has_option(section, option):
+                continue
+            config.set(section, option, value)
+    config.remove_section('globals')
+
+    # now expanding local variables defined in the cfg file
+    #
+    for section in config.sections():
+        variables = dict(config.items(section))
+
+        def _replacer(matchobj):
+            name = matchobj.group(1)
+            if name in variables:
+                return variables[name]
+            return matchobj.group(0)
+
+        for option, value in config.items(section):
+            config.set(section, option, _VAR_REPL.sub(_replacer, value))
+
+#_expand_globals(_SCHEMES)
+
+_PY_VERSION = '%s.%s.%s' % sys.version_info[:3]
+_PY_VERSION_SHORT = '%s.%s' % sys.version_info[:2]
+_PY_VERSION_SHORT_NO_DOT = '%s%s' % sys.version_info[:2]
+_PREFIX = os.path.normpath(sys.prefix)
+_EXEC_PREFIX = os.path.normpath(sys.exec_prefix)
+_CONFIG_VARS = None
+_USER_BASE = None
+
+
+def _subst_vars(path, local_vars):
+    """In the string `path`, replace tokens like {some.thing} with the
+    corresponding value from the map `local_vars`.
+
+    If there is no corresponding value, leave the token unchanged.
+    """
+    def _replacer(matchobj):
+        name = matchobj.group(1)
+        if name in local_vars:
+            return local_vars[name]
+        elif name in os.environ:
+            return os.environ[name]
+        return matchobj.group(0)
+    return _VAR_REPL.sub(_replacer, path)
+
+
+def _extend_dict(target_dict, other_dict):
+    target_keys = target_dict.keys()
+    for key, value in other_dict.items():
+        if key in target_keys:
+            continue
+        target_dict[key] = value
+
+
+def _expand_vars(scheme, vars):
+    res = {}
+    if vars is None:
+        vars = {}
+    _extend_dict(vars, get_config_vars())
+
+    for key, value in _SCHEMES.items(scheme):
+        if os.name in ('posix', 'nt'):
+            value = os.path.expanduser(value)
+        res[key] = os.path.normpath(_subst_vars(value, vars))
+    return res
+
+
+def format_value(value, vars):
+    def _replacer(matchobj):
+        name = matchobj.group(1)
+        if name in vars:
+            return vars[name]
+        return matchobj.group(0)
+    return _VAR_REPL.sub(_replacer, value)
+
+
+def _get_default_scheme():
+    if os.name == 'posix':
+        # the default scheme for posix is posix_prefix
+        return 'posix_prefix'
+    return os.name
+
+
+def _getuserbase():
+    env_base = os.environ.get("PYTHONUSERBASE", None)
+
+    def joinuser(*args):
+        return os.path.expanduser(os.path.join(*args))
+
+    # what about 'os2emx', 'riscos' ?
+    if os.name == "nt":
+        base = os.environ.get("APPDATA") or "~"
+        if env_base:
+            return env_base
+        else:
+            return joinuser(base, "Python")
+
+    if sys.platform == "darwin":
+        framework = get_config_var("PYTHONFRAMEWORK")
+        if framework:
+            if env_base:
+                return env_base
+            else:
+                return joinuser("~", "Library", framework, "%d.%d" %
+                                sys.version_info[:2])
+
+    if env_base:
+        return env_base
+    else:
+        return joinuser("~", ".local")
+
+
+def _parse_makefile(filename, vars=None):
+    """Parse a Makefile-style file.
+
+    A dictionary containing name/value pairs is returned.  If an
+    optional dictionary is passed in as the second argument, it is
+    used instead of a new dictionary.
+    """
+    # Regexes needed for parsing Makefile (and similar syntaxes,
+    # like old-style Setup files).
+    _variable_rx = re.compile(r"([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]+)\s*=\s*(.*)")
+    _findvar1_rx = re.compile(r"\$\(([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*)\)")
+    _findvar2_rx = re.compile(r"\${([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*)}")
+
+    if vars is None:
+        vars = {}
+    done = {}
+    notdone = {}
+
+    with codecs.open(filename, encoding='utf-8', errors="surrogateescape") as f:
+        lines = f.readlines()
+
+    for line in lines:
+        if line.startswith('#') or line.strip() == '':
+            continue
+        m = _variable_rx.match(line)
+        if m:
+            n, v = m.group(1, 2)
+            v = v.strip()
+            # `$$' is a literal `$' in make
+            tmpv = v.replace('$$', '')
+
+            if "$" in tmpv:
+                notdone[n] = v
+            else:
+                try:
+                    v = int(v)
+                except ValueError:
+                    # insert literal `$'
+                    done[n] = v.replace('$$', '$')
+                else:
+                    done[n] = v
+
+    # do variable interpolation here
+    variables = list(notdone.keys())
+
+    # Variables with a 'PY_' prefix in the makefile. These need to
+    # be made available without that prefix through sysconfig.
+    # Special care is needed to ensure that variable expansion works, even
+    # if the expansion uses the name without a prefix.
+    renamed_variables = ('CFLAGS', 'LDFLAGS', 'CPPFLAGS')
+
+    while len(variables) > 0:
+        for name in tuple(variables):
+            value = notdone[name]
+            m = _findvar1_rx.search(value) or _findvar2_rx.search(value)
+            if m is not None:
+                n = m.group(1)
+                found = True
+                if n in done:
+                    item = str(done[n])
+                elif n in notdone:
+                    # get it on a subsequent round
+                    found = False
+                elif n in os.environ:
+                    # do it like make: fall back to environment
+                    item = os.environ[n]
+
+                elif n in renamed_variables:
+                    if (name.startswith('PY_') and
+                        name[3:] in renamed_variables):
+                        item = ""
+
+                    elif 'PY_' + n in notdone:
+                        found = False
+
+                    else:
+                        item = str(done['PY_' + n])
+
+                else:
+                    done[n] = item = ""
+
+                if found:
+                    after = value[m.end():]
+                    value = value[:m.start()] + item + after
+                    if "$" in after:
+                        notdone[name] = value
+                    else:
+                        try:
+                            value = int(value)
+                        except ValueError:
+                            done[name] = value.strip()
+                        else:
+                            done[name] = value
+                        variables.remove(name)
+
+                        if (name.startswith('PY_') and
+                            name[3:] in renamed_variables):
+
+                            name = name[3:]
+                            if name not in done:
+                                done[name] = value
+
+            else:
+                # bogus variable reference (e.g. "prefix=$/opt/python");
+                # just drop it since we can't deal
+                done[name] = value
+                variables.remove(name)
+
+    # strip spurious spaces
+    for k, v in done.items():
+        if isinstance(v, str):
+            done[k] = v.strip()
+
+    # save the results in the global dictionary
+    vars.update(done)
+    return vars
+
+
+def get_makefile_filename():
+    """Return the path of the Makefile."""
+    if _PYTHON_BUILD:
+        return os.path.join(_PROJECT_BASE, "Makefile")
+    if hasattr(sys, 'abiflags'):
+        config_dir_name = 'config-%s%s' % (_PY_VERSION_SHORT, sys.abiflags)
+    else:
+        config_dir_name = 'config'
+    return os.path.join(get_path('stdlib'), config_dir_name, 'Makefile')
+
+
+def _init_posix(vars):
+    """Initialize the module as appropriate for POSIX systems."""
+    # load the installed Makefile:
+    makefile = get_makefile_filename()
+    try:
+        _parse_makefile(makefile, vars)
+    except IOError as e:
+        msg = "invalid Python installation: unable to open %s" % makefile
+        if hasattr(e, "strerror"):
+            msg = msg + " (%s)" % e.strerror
+        raise IOError(msg)
+    # load the installed pyconfig.h:
+    config_h = get_config_h_filename()
+    try:
+        with open(config_h) as f:
+            parse_config_h(f, vars)
+    except IOError as e:
+        msg = "invalid Python installation: unable to open %s" % config_h
+        if hasattr(e, "strerror"):
+            msg = msg + " (%s)" % e.strerror
+        raise IOError(msg)
+    # On AIX, there are wrong paths to the linker scripts in the Makefile
+    # -- these paths are relative to the Python source, but when installed
+    # the scripts are in another directory.
+    if _PYTHON_BUILD:
+        vars['LDSHARED'] = vars['BLDSHARED']
+
+
+def _init_non_posix(vars):
+    """Initialize the module as appropriate for NT"""
+    # set basic install directories
+    vars['LIBDEST'] = get_path('stdlib')
+    vars['BINLIBDEST'] = get_path('platstdlib')
+    vars['INCLUDEPY'] = get_path('include')
+    vars['SO'] = '.pyd'
+    vars['EXE'] = '.exe'
+    vars['VERSION'] = _PY_VERSION_SHORT_NO_DOT
+    vars['BINDIR'] = os.path.dirname(_safe_realpath(sys.executable))
+
+#
+# public APIs
+#
+
+
+def parse_config_h(fp, vars=None):
+    """Parse a config.h-style file.
+
+    A dictionary containing name/value pairs is returned.  If an
+    optional dictionary is passed in as the second argument, it is
+    used instead of a new dictionary.
+    """
+    if vars is None:
+        vars = {}
+    define_rx = re.compile("#define ([A-Z][A-Za-z0-9_]+) (.*)\n")
+    undef_rx = re.compile("/[*] #undef ([A-Z][A-Za-z0-9_]+) [*]/\n")
+
+    while True:
+        line = fp.readline()
+        if not line:
+            break
+        m = define_rx.match(line)
+        if m:
+            n, v = m.group(1, 2)
+            try:
+                v = int(v)
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+            vars[n] = v
+        else:
+            m = undef_rx.match(line)
+            if m:
+                vars[m.group(1)] = 0
+    return vars
+
+
+def get_config_h_filename():
+    """Return the path of pyconfig.h."""
+    if _PYTHON_BUILD:
+        if os.name == "nt":
+            inc_dir = os.path.join(_PROJECT_BASE, "PC")
+        else:
+            inc_dir = _PROJECT_BASE
+    else:
+        inc_dir = get_path('platinclude')
+    return os.path.join(inc_dir, 'pyconfig.h')
+
+
+def get_scheme_names():
+    """Return a tuple containing the schemes names."""
+    return tuple(sorted(_SCHEMES.sections()))
+
+
+def get_path_names():
+    """Return a tuple containing the paths names."""
+    # xxx see if we want a static list
+    return _SCHEMES.options('posix_prefix')
+
+
+def get_paths(scheme=_get_default_scheme(), vars=None, expand=True):
+    """Return a mapping containing an install scheme.
+
+    ``scheme`` is the install scheme name. If not provided, it will
+    return the default scheme for the current platform.
+    """
+    _ensure_cfg_read()
+    if expand:
+        return _expand_vars(scheme, vars)
+    else:
+        return dict(_SCHEMES.items(scheme))
+
+
+def get_path(name, scheme=_get_default_scheme(), vars=None, expand=True):
+    """Return a path corresponding to the scheme.
+
+    ``scheme`` is the install scheme name.
+    """
+    return get_paths(scheme, vars, expand)[name]
+
+
+def get_config_vars(*args):
+    """With no arguments, return a dictionary of all configuration
+    variables relevant for the current platform.
+
+    On Unix, this means every variable defined in Python's installed Makefile;
+    On Windows and Mac OS it's a much smaller set.
+
+    With arguments, return a list of values that result from looking up
+    each argument in the configuration variable dictionary.
+    """
+    global _CONFIG_VARS
+    if _CONFIG_VARS is None:
+        _CONFIG_VARS = {}
+        # Normalized versions of prefix and exec_prefix are handy to have;
+        # in fact, these are the standard versions used most places in the
+        # distutils2 module.
+        _CONFIG_VARS['prefix'] = _PREFIX
+        _CONFIG_VARS['exec_prefix'] = _EXEC_PREFIX
+        _CONFIG_VARS['py_version'] = _PY_VERSION
+        _CONFIG_VARS['py_version_short'] = _PY_VERSION_SHORT
+        _CONFIG_VARS['py_version_nodot'] = _PY_VERSION[0] + _PY_VERSION[2]
+        _CONFIG_VARS['base'] = _PREFIX
+        _CONFIG_VARS['platbase'] = _EXEC_PREFIX
+        _CONFIG_VARS['projectbase'] = _PROJECT_BASE
+        try:
+            _CONFIG_VARS['abiflags'] = sys.abiflags
+        except AttributeError:
+            # sys.abiflags may not be defined on all platforms.
+            _CONFIG_VARS['abiflags'] = ''
+
+        if os.name in ('nt', 'os2'):
+            _init_non_posix(_CONFIG_VARS)
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            _init_posix(_CONFIG_VARS)
+        # Setting 'userbase' is done below the call to the
+        # init function to enable using 'get_config_var' in
+        # the init-function.
+        if sys.version >= '2.6':
+            _CONFIG_VARS['userbase'] = _getuserbase()
+
+        if 'srcdir' not in _CONFIG_VARS:
+            _CONFIG_VARS['srcdir'] = _PROJECT_BASE
+        else:
+            _CONFIG_VARS['srcdir'] = _safe_realpath(_CONFIG_VARS['srcdir'])
+
+        # Convert srcdir into an absolute path if it appears necessary.
+        # Normally it is relative to the build directory.  However, during
+        # testing, for example, we might be running a non-installed python
+        # from a different directory.
+        if _PYTHON_BUILD and os.name == "posix":
+            base = _PROJECT_BASE
+            try:
+                cwd = os.getcwd()
+            except OSError:
+                cwd = None
+            if (not os.path.isabs(_CONFIG_VARS['srcdir']) and
+                base != cwd):
+                # srcdir is relative and we are not in the same directory
+                # as the executable. Assume executable is in the build
+                # directory and make srcdir absolute.
+                srcdir = os.path.join(base, _CONFIG_VARS['srcdir'])
+                _CONFIG_VARS['srcdir'] = os.path.normpath(srcdir)
+
+        if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            kernel_version = os.uname()[2]  # Kernel version (8.4.3)
+            major_version = int(kernel_version.split('.')[0])
+
+            if major_version < 8:
+                # On Mac OS X before 10.4, check if -arch and -isysroot
+                # are in CFLAGS or LDFLAGS and remove them if they are.
+                # This is needed when building extensions on a 10.3 system
+                # using a universal build of python.
+                for key in ('LDFLAGS', 'BASECFLAGS',
+                        # a number of derived variables. These need to be
+                        # patched up as well.
+                        'CFLAGS', 'PY_CFLAGS', 'BLDSHARED'):
+                    flags = _CONFIG_VARS[key]
+                    flags = re.sub(r'-arch\s+\w+\s', ' ', flags)
+                    flags = re.sub('-isysroot [^ \t]*', ' ', flags)
+                    _CONFIG_VARS[key] = flags
+            else:
+                # Allow the user to override the architecture flags using
+                # an environment variable.
+                # NOTE: This name was introduced by Apple in OSX 10.5 and
+                # is used by several scripting languages distributed with
+                # that OS release.
+                if 'ARCHFLAGS' in os.environ:
+                    arch = os.environ['ARCHFLAGS']
+                    for key in ('LDFLAGS', 'BASECFLAGS',
+                        # a number of derived variables. These need to be
+                        # patched up as well.
+                        'CFLAGS', 'PY_CFLAGS', 'BLDSHARED'):
+
+                        flags = _CONFIG_VARS[key]
+                        flags = re.sub(r'-arch\s+\w+\s', ' ', flags)
+                        flags = flags + ' ' + arch
+                        _CONFIG_VARS[key] = flags
+
+                # If we're on OSX 10.5 or later and the user tries to
+                # compiles an extension using an SDK that is not present
+                # on the current machine it is better to not use an SDK
+                # than to fail.
+                #
+                # The major usecase for this is users using a Python.org
+                # binary installer  on OSX 10.6: that installer uses
+                # the 10.4u SDK, but that SDK is not installed by default
+                # when you install Xcode.
+                #
+                CFLAGS = _CONFIG_VARS.get('CFLAGS', '')
+                m = re.search(r'-isysroot\s+(\S+)', CFLAGS)
+                if m is not None:
+                    sdk = m.group(1)
+                    if not os.path.exists(sdk):
+                        for key in ('LDFLAGS', 'BASECFLAGS',
+                             # a number of derived variables. These need to be
+                             # patched up as well.
+                            'CFLAGS', 'PY_CFLAGS', 'BLDSHARED'):
+
+                            flags = _CONFIG_VARS[key]
+                            flags = re.sub(r'-isysroot\s+\S+(\s|$)', ' ', flags)
+                            _CONFIG_VARS[key] = flags
+
+    if args:
+        vals = []
+        for name in args:
+            vals.append(_CONFIG_VARS.get(name))
+        return vals
+    else:
+        return _CONFIG_VARS
+
+
+def get_config_var(name):
+    """Return the value of a single variable using the dictionary returned by
+    'get_config_vars()'.
+
+    Equivalent to get_config_vars().get(name)
+    """
+    return get_config_vars().get(name)
+
+
+def get_platform():
+    """Return a string that identifies the current platform.
+
+    This is used mainly to distinguish platform-specific build directories and
+    platform-specific built distributions.  Typically includes the OS name
+    and version and the architecture (as supplied by 'os.uname()'),
+    although the exact information included depends on the OS; eg. for IRIX
+    the architecture isn't particularly important (IRIX only runs on SGI
+    hardware), but for Linux the kernel version isn't particularly
+    important.
+
+    Examples of returned values:
+       linux-i586
+       linux-alpha (?)
+       solaris-2.6-sun4u
+       irix-5.3
+       irix64-6.2
+
+    Windows will return one of:
+       win-amd64 (64bit Windows on AMD64 (aka x86_64, Intel64, EM64T, etc)
+       win-ia64 (64bit Windows on Itanium)
+       win32 (all others - specifically, sys.platform is returned)
+
+    For other non-POSIX platforms, currently just returns 'sys.platform'.
+    """
+    if os.name == 'nt':
+        # sniff sys.version for architecture.
+        prefix = " bit ("
+        i = sys.version.find(prefix)
+        if i == -1:
+            return sys.platform
+        j = sys.version.find(")", i)
+        look = sys.version[i+len(prefix):j].lower()
+        if look == 'amd64':
+            return 'win-amd64'
+        if look == 'itanium':
+            return 'win-ia64'
+        return sys.platform
+
+    if os.name != "posix" or not hasattr(os, 'uname'):
+        # XXX what about the architecture? NT is Intel or Alpha,
+        # Mac OS is M68k or PPC, etc.
+        return sys.platform
+
+    # Try to distinguish various flavours of Unix
+    osname, host, release, version, machine = os.uname()
+
+    # Convert the OS name to lowercase, remove '/' characters
+    # (to accommodate BSD/OS), and translate spaces (for "Power Macintosh")
+    osname = osname.lower().replace('/', '')
+    machine = machine.replace(' ', '_')
+    machine = machine.replace('/', '-')
+
+    if osname[:5] == "linux":
+        # At least on Linux/Intel, 'machine' is the processor --
+        # i386, etc.
+        # XXX what about Alpha, SPARC, etc?
+        return  "%s-%s" % (osname, machine)
+    elif osname[:5] == "sunos":
+        if release[0] >= "5":           # SunOS 5 == Solaris 2
+            osname = "solaris"
+            release = "%d.%s" % (int(release[0]) - 3, release[2:])
+        # fall through to standard osname-release-machine representation
+    elif osname[:4] == "irix":              # could be "irix64"!
+        return "%s-%s" % (osname, release)
+    elif osname[:3] == "aix":
+        return "%s-%s.%s" % (osname, version, release)
+    elif osname[:6] == "cygwin":
+        osname = "cygwin"
+        rel_re = re.compile(r'[\d.]+')
+        m = rel_re.match(release)
+        if m:
+            release = m.group()
+    elif osname[:6] == "darwin":
+        #
+        # For our purposes, we'll assume that the system version from
+        # distutils' perspective is what MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET is set
+        # to. This makes the compatibility story a bit more sane because the
+        # machine is going to compile and link as if it were
+        # MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET.
+        cfgvars = get_config_vars()
+        macver = cfgvars.get('MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET')
+
+        if True:
+            # Always calculate the release of the running machine,
+            # needed to determine if we can build fat binaries or not.
+
+            macrelease = macver
+            # Get the system version. Reading this plist is a documented
+            # way to get the system version (see the documentation for
+            # the Gestalt Manager)
+            try:
+                f = open('/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist')
+            except IOError:
+                # We're on a plain darwin box, fall back to the default
+                # behaviour.
+                pass
+            else:
+                try:
+                    m = re.search(r'<key>ProductUserVisibleVersion</key>\s*'
+                                  r'<string>(.*?)</string>', f.read())
+                finally:
+                    f.close()
+                if m is not None:
+                    macrelease = '.'.join(m.group(1).split('.')[:2])
+                # else: fall back to the default behaviour
+
+        if not macver:
+            macver = macrelease
+
+        if macver:
+            release = macver
+            osname = "macosx"
+
+            if ((macrelease + '.') >= '10.4.' and
+                '-arch' in get_config_vars().get('CFLAGS', '').strip()):
+                # The universal build will build fat binaries, but not on
+                # systems before 10.4
+                #
+                # Try to detect 4-way universal builds, those have machine-type
+                # 'universal' instead of 'fat'.
+
+                machine = 'fat'
+                cflags = get_config_vars().get('CFLAGS')
+
+                archs = re.findall(r'-arch\s+(\S+)', cflags)
+                archs = tuple(sorted(set(archs)))
+
+                if len(archs) == 1:
+                    machine = archs[0]
+                elif archs == ('i386', 'ppc'):
+                    machine = 'fat'
+                elif archs == ('i386', 'x86_64'):
+                    machine = 'intel'
+                elif archs == ('i386', 'ppc', 'x86_64'):
+                    machine = 'fat3'
+                elif archs == ('ppc64', 'x86_64'):
+                    machine = 'fat64'
+                elif archs == ('i386', 'ppc', 'ppc64', 'x86_64'):
+                    machine = 'universal'
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError(
+                       "Don't know machine value for archs=%r" % (archs,))
+
+            elif machine == 'i386':
+                # On OSX the machine type returned by uname is always the
+                # 32-bit variant, even if the executable architecture is
+                # the 64-bit variant
+                if sys.maxsize >= 2**32:
+                    machine = 'x86_64'
+
+            elif machine in ('PowerPC', 'Power_Macintosh'):
+                # Pick a sane name for the PPC architecture.
+                # See 'i386' case
+                if sys.maxsize >= 2**32:
+                    machine = 'ppc64'
+                else:
+                    machine = 'ppc'
+
+    return "%s-%s-%s" % (osname, release, machine)
+
+
+def get_python_version():
+    return _PY_VERSION_SHORT
+
+
+def _print_dict(title, data):
+    for index, (key, value) in enumerate(sorted(data.items())):
+        if index == 0:
+            print('%s: ' % (title))
+        print('\t%s = "%s"' % (key, value))
+
+
+def _main():
+    """Display all information sysconfig detains."""
+    print('Platform: "%s"' % get_platform())
+    print('Python version: "%s"' % get_python_version())
+    print('Current installation scheme: "%s"' % _get_default_scheme())
+    print()
+    _print_dict('Paths', get_paths())
+    print()
+    _print_dict('Variables', get_config_vars())
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    _main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/tarfile.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/tarfile.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d66d856
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/_backport/tarfile.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2607 @@
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------
+# tarfile.py
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Copyright (C) 2002 Lars Gustaebel <lars@gustaebel.de>
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Permission  is  hereby granted,  free  of charge,  to  any person
+# obtaining a  copy of  this software  and associated documentation
+# files  (the  "Software"),  to   deal  in  the  Software   without
+# restriction,  including  without limitation  the  rights to  use,
+# copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+# copies  of  the  Software,  and to  permit  persons  to  whom the
+# Software  is  furnished  to  do  so,  subject  to  the  following
+# conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright  notice and this  permission notice shall  be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS  IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY  KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED TO  THE WARRANTIES
+# OF  MERCHANTABILITY,  FITNESS   FOR  A  PARTICULAR   PURPOSE  AND
+# NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN  NO  EVENT SHALL  THE  AUTHORS  OR COPYRIGHT
+# HOLDERS  BE LIABLE  FOR ANY  CLAIM, DAMAGES  OR OTHER  LIABILITY,
+# WHETHER  IN AN  ACTION OF  CONTRACT, TORT  OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING
+# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+# OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+"""Read from and write to tar format archives.
+"""
+
+__version__ = "$Revision$"
+
+version     = "0.9.0"
+__author__  = "Lars Gust\u00e4bel (lars@gustaebel.de)"
+__date__    = "$Date: 2011-02-25 17:42:01 +0200 (Fri, 25 Feb 2011) $"
+__cvsid__   = "$Id: tarfile.py 88586 2011-02-25 15:42:01Z marc-andre.lemburg $"
+__credits__ = "Gustavo Niemeyer, Niels Gust\u00e4bel, Richard Townsend."
+
+#---------
+# Imports
+#---------
+import sys
+import os
+import stat
+import errno
+import time
+import struct
+import copy
+import re
+
+try:
+    import grp, pwd
+except ImportError:
+    grp = pwd = None
+
+# os.symlink on Windows prior to 6.0 raises NotImplementedError
+symlink_exception = (AttributeError, NotImplementedError)
+try:
+    # WindowsError (1314) will be raised if the caller does not hold the
+    # SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege privilege
+    symlink_exception += (WindowsError,)
+except NameError:
+    pass
+
+# from tarfile import *
+__all__ = ["TarFile", "TarInfo", "is_tarfile", "TarError"]
+
+if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+    import __builtin__ as builtins
+else:
+    import builtins
+
+_open = builtins.open   # Since 'open' is TarFile.open
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+# tar constants
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+NUL = b"\0"                     # the null character
+BLOCKSIZE = 512                 # length of processing blocks
+RECORDSIZE = BLOCKSIZE * 20     # length of records
+GNU_MAGIC = b"ustar  \0"        # magic gnu tar string
+POSIX_MAGIC = b"ustar\x0000"    # magic posix tar string
+
+LENGTH_NAME = 100               # maximum length of a filename
+LENGTH_LINK = 100               # maximum length of a linkname
+LENGTH_PREFIX = 155             # maximum length of the prefix field
+
+REGTYPE = b"0"                  # regular file
+AREGTYPE = b"\0"                # regular file
+LNKTYPE = b"1"                  # link (inside tarfile)
+SYMTYPE = b"2"                  # symbolic link
+CHRTYPE = b"3"                  # character special device
+BLKTYPE = b"4"                  # block special device
+DIRTYPE = b"5"                  # directory
+FIFOTYPE = b"6"                 # fifo special device
+CONTTYPE = b"7"                 # contiguous file
+
+GNUTYPE_LONGNAME = b"L"         # GNU tar longname
+GNUTYPE_LONGLINK = b"K"         # GNU tar longlink
+GNUTYPE_SPARSE = b"S"           # GNU tar sparse file
+
+XHDTYPE = b"x"                  # POSIX.1-2001 extended header
+XGLTYPE = b"g"                  # POSIX.1-2001 global header
+SOLARIS_XHDTYPE = b"X"          # Solaris extended header
+
+USTAR_FORMAT = 0                # POSIX.1-1988 (ustar) format
+GNU_FORMAT = 1                  # GNU tar format
+PAX_FORMAT = 2                  # POSIX.1-2001 (pax) format
+DEFAULT_FORMAT = GNU_FORMAT
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+# tarfile constants
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+# File types that tarfile supports:
+SUPPORTED_TYPES = (REGTYPE, AREGTYPE, LNKTYPE,
+                   SYMTYPE, DIRTYPE, FIFOTYPE,
+                   CONTTYPE, CHRTYPE, BLKTYPE,
+                   GNUTYPE_LONGNAME, GNUTYPE_LONGLINK,
+                   GNUTYPE_SPARSE)
+
+# File types that will be treated as a regular file.
+REGULAR_TYPES = (REGTYPE, AREGTYPE,
+                 CONTTYPE, GNUTYPE_SPARSE)
+
+# File types that are part of the GNU tar format.
+GNU_TYPES = (GNUTYPE_LONGNAME, GNUTYPE_LONGLINK,
+             GNUTYPE_SPARSE)
+
+# Fields from a pax header that override a TarInfo attribute.
+PAX_FIELDS = ("path", "linkpath", "size", "mtime",
+              "uid", "gid", "uname", "gname")
+
+# Fields from a pax header that are affected by hdrcharset.
+PAX_NAME_FIELDS = set(("path", "linkpath", "uname", "gname"))
+
+# Fields in a pax header that are numbers, all other fields
+# are treated as strings.
+PAX_NUMBER_FIELDS = {
+    "atime": float,
+    "ctime": float,
+    "mtime": float,
+    "uid": int,
+    "gid": int,
+    "size": int
+}
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+# Bits used in the mode field, values in octal.
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+S_IFLNK = 0o120000        # symbolic link
+S_IFREG = 0o100000        # regular file
+S_IFBLK = 0o060000        # block device
+S_IFDIR = 0o040000        # directory
+S_IFCHR = 0o020000        # character device
+S_IFIFO = 0o010000        # fifo
+
+TSUID   = 0o4000          # set UID on execution
+TSGID   = 0o2000          # set GID on execution
+TSVTX   = 0o1000          # reserved
+
+TUREAD  = 0o400           # read by owner
+TUWRITE = 0o200           # write by owner
+TUEXEC  = 0o100           # execute/search by owner
+TGREAD  = 0o040           # read by group
+TGWRITE = 0o020           # write by group
+TGEXEC  = 0o010           # execute/search by group
+TOREAD  = 0o004           # read by other
+TOWRITE = 0o002           # write by other
+TOEXEC  = 0o001           # execute/search by other
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+# initialization
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+if os.name in ("nt", "ce"):
+    ENCODING = "utf-8"
+else:
+    ENCODING = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+# Some useful functions
+#---------------------------------------------------------
+
+def stn(s, length, encoding, errors):
+    """Convert a string to a null-terminated bytes object.
+    """
+    s = s.encode(encoding, errors)
+    return s[:length] + (length - len(s)) * NUL
+
+def nts(s, encoding, errors):
+    """Convert a null-terminated bytes object to a string.
+    """
+    p = s.find(b"\0")
+    if p != -1:
+        s = s[:p]
+    return s.decode(encoding, errors)
+
+def nti(s):
+    """Convert a number field to a python number.
+    """
+    # There are two possible encodings for a number field, see
+    # itn() below.
+    if s[0] != chr(0o200):
+        try:
+            n = int(nts(s, "ascii", "strict") or "0", 8)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise InvalidHeaderError("invalid header")
+    else:
+        n = 0
+        for i in range(len(s) - 1):
+            n <<= 8
+            n += ord(s[i + 1])
+    return n
+
+def itn(n, digits=8, format=DEFAULT_FORMAT):
+    """Convert a python number to a number field.
+    """
+    # POSIX 1003.1-1988 requires numbers to be encoded as a string of
+    # octal digits followed by a null-byte, this allows values up to
+    # (8**(digits-1))-1. GNU tar allows storing numbers greater than
+    # that if necessary. A leading 0o200 byte indicates this particular
+    # encoding, the following digits-1 bytes are a big-endian
+    # representation. This allows values up to (256**(digits-1))-1.
+    if 0 <= n < 8 ** (digits - 1):
+        s = ("%0*o" % (digits - 1, n)).encode("ascii") + NUL
+    else:
+        if format != GNU_FORMAT or n >= 256 ** (digits - 1):
+            raise ValueError("overflow in number field")
+
+        if n < 0:
+            # XXX We mimic GNU tar's behaviour with negative numbers,
+            # this could raise OverflowError.
+            n = struct.unpack("L", struct.pack("l", n))[0]
+
+        s = bytearray()
+        for i in range(digits - 1):
+            s.insert(0, n & 0o377)
+            n >>= 8
+        s.insert(0, 0o200)
+    return s
+
+def calc_chksums(buf):
+    """Calculate the checksum for a member's header by summing up all
+       characters except for the chksum field which is treated as if
+       it was filled with spaces. According to the GNU tar sources,
+       some tars (Sun and NeXT) calculate chksum with signed char,
+       which will be different if there are chars in the buffer with
+       the high bit set. So we calculate two checksums, unsigned and
+       signed.
+    """
+    unsigned_chksum = 256 + sum(struct.unpack("148B", buf[:148]) + struct.unpack("356B", buf[156:512]))
+    signed_chksum = 256 + sum(struct.unpack("148b", buf[:148]) + struct.unpack("356b", buf[156:512]))
+    return unsigned_chksum, signed_chksum
+
+def copyfileobj(src, dst, length=None):
+    """Copy length bytes from fileobj src to fileobj dst.
+       If length is None, copy the entire content.
+    """
+    if length == 0:
+        return
+    if length is None:
+        while True:
+            buf = src.read(16*1024)
+            if not buf:
+                break
+            dst.write(buf)
+        return
+
+    BUFSIZE = 16 * 1024
+    blocks, remainder = divmod(length, BUFSIZE)
+    for b in range(blocks):
+        buf = src.read(BUFSIZE)
+        if len(buf) < BUFSIZE:
+            raise IOError("end of file reached")
+        dst.write(buf)
+
+    if remainder != 0:
+        buf = src.read(remainder)
+        if len(buf) < remainder:
+            raise IOError("end of file reached")
+        dst.write(buf)
+    return
+
+filemode_table = (
+    ((S_IFLNK,      "l"),
+     (S_IFREG,      "-"),
+     (S_IFBLK,      "b"),
+     (S_IFDIR,      "d"),
+     (S_IFCHR,      "c"),
+     (S_IFIFO,      "p")),
+
+    ((TUREAD,       "r"),),
+    ((TUWRITE,      "w"),),
+    ((TUEXEC|TSUID, "s"),
+     (TSUID,        "S"),
+     (TUEXEC,       "x")),
+
+    ((TGREAD,       "r"),),
+    ((TGWRITE,      "w"),),
+    ((TGEXEC|TSGID, "s"),
+     (TSGID,        "S"),
+     (TGEXEC,       "x")),
+
+    ((TOREAD,       "r"),),
+    ((TOWRITE,      "w"),),
+    ((TOEXEC|TSVTX, "t"),
+     (TSVTX,        "T"),
+     (TOEXEC,       "x"))
+)
+
+def filemode(mode):
+    """Convert a file's mode to a string of the form
+       -rwxrwxrwx.
+       Used by TarFile.list()
+    """
+    perm = []
+    for table in filemode_table:
+        for bit, char in table:
+            if mode & bit == bit:
+                perm.append(char)
+                break
+        else:
+            perm.append("-")
+    return "".join(perm)
+
+class TarError(Exception):
+    """Base exception."""
+    pass
+class ExtractError(TarError):
+    """General exception for extract errors."""
+    pass
+class ReadError(TarError):
+    """Exception for unreadable tar archives."""
+    pass
+class CompressionError(TarError):
+    """Exception for unavailable compression methods."""
+    pass
+class StreamError(TarError):
+    """Exception for unsupported operations on stream-like TarFiles."""
+    pass
+class HeaderError(TarError):
+    """Base exception for header errors."""
+    pass
+class EmptyHeaderError(HeaderError):
+    """Exception for empty headers."""
+    pass
+class TruncatedHeaderError(HeaderError):
+    """Exception for truncated headers."""
+    pass
+class EOFHeaderError(HeaderError):
+    """Exception for end of file headers."""
+    pass
+class InvalidHeaderError(HeaderError):
+    """Exception for invalid headers."""
+    pass
+class SubsequentHeaderError(HeaderError):
+    """Exception for missing and invalid extended headers."""
+    pass
+
+#---------------------------
+# internal stream interface
+#---------------------------
+class _LowLevelFile(object):
+    """Low-level file object. Supports reading and writing.
+       It is used instead of a regular file object for streaming
+       access.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name, mode):
+        mode = {
+            "r": os.O_RDONLY,
+            "w": os.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREAT | os.O_TRUNC,
+        }[mode]
+        if hasattr(os, "O_BINARY"):
+            mode |= os.O_BINARY
+        self.fd = os.open(name, mode, 0o666)
+
+    def close(self):
+        os.close(self.fd)
+
+    def read(self, size):
+        return os.read(self.fd, size)
+
+    def write(self, s):
+        os.write(self.fd, s)
+
+class _Stream(object):
+    """Class that serves as an adapter between TarFile and
+       a stream-like object.  The stream-like object only
+       needs to have a read() or write() method and is accessed
+       blockwise.  Use of gzip or bzip2 compression is possible.
+       A stream-like object could be for example: sys.stdin,
+       sys.stdout, a socket, a tape device etc.
+
+       _Stream is intended to be used only internally.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name, mode, comptype, fileobj, bufsize):
+        """Construct a _Stream object.
+        """
+        self._extfileobj = True
+        if fileobj is None:
+            fileobj = _LowLevelFile(name, mode)
+            self._extfileobj = False
+
+        if comptype == '*':
+            # Enable transparent compression detection for the
+            # stream interface
+            fileobj = _StreamProxy(fileobj)
+            comptype = fileobj.getcomptype()
+
+        self.name     = name or ""
+        self.mode     = mode
+        self.comptype = comptype
+        self.fileobj  = fileobj
+        self.bufsize  = bufsize
+        self.buf      = b""
+        self.pos      = 0
+        self.closed   = False
+
+        try:
+            if comptype == "gz":
+                try:
+                    import zlib
+                except ImportError:
+                    raise CompressionError("zlib module is not available")
+                self.zlib = zlib
+                self.crc = zlib.crc32(b"")
+                if mode == "r":
+                    self._init_read_gz()
+                else:
+                    self._init_write_gz()
+
+            if comptype == "bz2":
+                try:
+                    import bz2
+                except ImportError:
+                    raise CompressionError("bz2 module is not available")
+                if mode == "r":
+                    self.dbuf = b""
+                    self.cmp = bz2.BZ2Decompressor()
+                else:
+                    self.cmp = bz2.BZ2Compressor()
+        except:
+            if not self._extfileobj:
+                self.fileobj.close()
+            self.closed = True
+            raise
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        if hasattr(self, "closed") and not self.closed:
+            self.close()
+
+    def _init_write_gz(self):
+        """Initialize for writing with gzip compression.
+        """
+        self.cmp = self.zlib.compressobj(9, self.zlib.DEFLATED,
+                                            -self.zlib.MAX_WBITS,
+                                            self.zlib.DEF_MEM_LEVEL,
+                                            0)
+        timestamp = struct.pack("<L", int(time.time()))
+        self.__write(b"\037\213\010\010" + timestamp + b"\002\377")
+        if self.name.endswith(".gz"):
+            self.name = self.name[:-3]
+        # RFC1952 says we must use ISO-8859-1 for the FNAME field.
+        self.__write(self.name.encode("iso-8859-1", "replace") + NUL)
+
+    def write(self, s):
+        """Write string s to the stream.
+        """
+        if self.comptype == "gz":
+            self.crc = self.zlib.crc32(s, self.crc)
+        self.pos += len(s)
+        if self.comptype != "tar":
+            s = self.cmp.compress(s)
+        self.__write(s)
+
+    def __write(self, s):
+        """Write string s to the stream if a whole new block
+           is ready to be written.
+        """
+        self.buf += s
+        while len(self.buf) > self.bufsize:
+            self.fileobj.write(self.buf[:self.bufsize])
+            self.buf = self.buf[self.bufsize:]
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close the _Stream object. No operation should be
+           done on it afterwards.
+        """
+        if self.closed:
+            return
+
+        if self.mode == "w" and self.comptype != "tar":
+            self.buf += self.cmp.flush()
+
+        if self.mode == "w" and self.buf:
+            self.fileobj.write(self.buf)
+            self.buf = b""
+            if self.comptype == "gz":
+                # The native zlib crc is an unsigned 32-bit integer, but
+                # the Python wrapper implicitly casts that to a signed C
+                # long.  So, on a 32-bit box self.crc may "look negative",
+                # while the same crc on a 64-bit box may "look positive".
+                # To avoid irksome warnings from the `struct` module, force
+                # it to look positive on all boxes.
+                self.fileobj.write(struct.pack("<L", self.crc & 0xffffffff))
+                self.fileobj.write(struct.pack("<L", self.pos & 0xffffFFFF))
+
+        if not self._extfileobj:
+            self.fileobj.close()
+
+        self.closed = True
+
+    def _init_read_gz(self):
+        """Initialize for reading a gzip compressed fileobj.
+        """
+        self.cmp = self.zlib.decompressobj(-self.zlib.MAX_WBITS)
+        self.dbuf = b""
+
+        # taken from gzip.GzipFile with some alterations
+        if self.__read(2) != b"\037\213":
+            raise ReadError("not a gzip file")
+        if self.__read(1) != b"\010":
+            raise CompressionError("unsupported compression method")
+
+        flag = ord(self.__read(1))
+        self.__read(6)
+
+        if flag & 4:
+            xlen = ord(self.__read(1)) + 256 * ord(self.__read(1))
+            self.read(xlen)
+        if flag & 8:
+            while True:
+                s = self.__read(1)
+                if not s or s == NUL:
+                    break
+        if flag & 16:
+            while True:
+                s = self.__read(1)
+                if not s or s == NUL:
+                    break
+        if flag & 2:
+            self.__read(2)
+
+    def tell(self):
+        """Return the stream's file pointer position.
+        """
+        return self.pos
+
+    def seek(self, pos=0):
+        """Set the stream's file pointer to pos. Negative seeking
+           is forbidden.
+        """
+        if pos - self.pos >= 0:
+            blocks, remainder = divmod(pos - self.pos, self.bufsize)
+            for i in range(blocks):
+                self.read(self.bufsize)
+            self.read(remainder)
+        else:
+            raise StreamError("seeking backwards is not allowed")
+        return self.pos
+
+    def read(self, size=None):
+        """Return the next size number of bytes from the stream.
+           If size is not defined, return all bytes of the stream
+           up to EOF.
+        """
+        if size is None:
+            t = []
+            while True:
+                buf = self._read(self.bufsize)
+                if not buf:
+                    break
+                t.append(buf)
+            buf = "".join(t)
+        else:
+            buf = self._read(size)
+        self.pos += len(buf)
+        return buf
+
+    def _read(self, size):
+        """Return size bytes from the stream.
+        """
+        if self.comptype == "tar":
+            return self.__read(size)
+
+        c = len(self.dbuf)
+        while c < size:
+            buf = self.__read(self.bufsize)
+            if not buf:
+                break
+            try:
+                buf = self.cmp.decompress(buf)
+            except IOError:
+                raise ReadError("invalid compressed data")
+            self.dbuf += buf
+            c += len(buf)
+        buf = self.dbuf[:size]
+        self.dbuf = self.dbuf[size:]
+        return buf
+
+    def __read(self, size):
+        """Return size bytes from stream. If internal buffer is empty,
+           read another block from the stream.
+        """
+        c = len(self.buf)
+        while c < size:
+            buf = self.fileobj.read(self.bufsize)
+            if not buf:
+                break
+            self.buf += buf
+            c += len(buf)
+        buf = self.buf[:size]
+        self.buf = self.buf[size:]
+        return buf
+# class _Stream
+
+class _StreamProxy(object):
+    """Small proxy class that enables transparent compression
+       detection for the Stream interface (mode 'r|*').
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, fileobj):
+        self.fileobj = fileobj
+        self.buf = self.fileobj.read(BLOCKSIZE)
+
+    def read(self, size):
+        self.read = self.fileobj.read
+        return self.buf
+
+    def getcomptype(self):
+        if self.buf.startswith(b"\037\213\010"):
+            return "gz"
+        if self.buf.startswith(b"BZh91"):
+            return "bz2"
+        return "tar"
+
+    def close(self):
+        self.fileobj.close()
+# class StreamProxy
+
+class _BZ2Proxy(object):
+    """Small proxy class that enables external file object
+       support for "r:bz2" and "w:bz2" modes. This is actually
+       a workaround for a limitation in bz2 module's BZ2File
+       class which (unlike gzip.GzipFile) has no support for
+       a file object argument.
+    """
+
+    blocksize = 16 * 1024
+
+    def __init__(self, fileobj, mode):
+        self.fileobj = fileobj
+        self.mode = mode
+        self.name = getattr(self.fileobj, "name", None)
+        self.init()
+
+    def init(self):
+        import bz2
+        self.pos = 0
+        if self.mode == "r":
+            self.bz2obj = bz2.BZ2Decompressor()
+            self.fileobj.seek(0)
+            self.buf = b""
+        else:
+            self.bz2obj = bz2.BZ2Compressor()
+
+    def read(self, size):
+        x = len(self.buf)
+        while x < size:
+            raw = self.fileobj.read(self.blocksize)
+            if not raw:
+                break
+            data = self.bz2obj.decompress(raw)
+            self.buf += data
+            x += len(data)
+
+        buf = self.buf[:size]
+        self.buf = self.buf[size:]
+        self.pos += len(buf)
+        return buf
+
+    def seek(self, pos):
+        if pos < self.pos:
+            self.init()
+        self.read(pos - self.pos)
+
+    def tell(self):
+        return self.pos
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        self.pos += len(data)
+        raw = self.bz2obj.compress(data)
+        self.fileobj.write(raw)
+
+    def close(self):
+        if self.mode == "w":
+            raw = self.bz2obj.flush()
+            self.fileobj.write(raw)
+# class _BZ2Proxy
+
+#------------------------
+# Extraction file object
+#------------------------
+class _FileInFile(object):
+    """A thin wrapper around an existing file object that
+       provides a part of its data as an individual file
+       object.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, fileobj, offset, size, blockinfo=None):
+        self.fileobj = fileobj
+        self.offset = offset
+        self.size = size
+        self.position = 0
+
+        if blockinfo is None:
+            blockinfo = [(0, size)]
+
+        # Construct a map with data and zero blocks.
+        self.map_index = 0
+        self.map = []
+        lastpos = 0
+        realpos = self.offset
+        for offset, size in blockinfo:
+            if offset > lastpos:
+                self.map.append((False, lastpos, offset, None))
+            self.map.append((True, offset, offset + size, realpos))
+            realpos += size
+            lastpos = offset + size
+        if lastpos < self.size:
+            self.map.append((False, lastpos, self.size, None))
+
+    def seekable(self):
+        if not hasattr(self.fileobj, "seekable"):
+            # XXX gzip.GzipFile and bz2.BZ2File
+            return True
+        return self.fileobj.seekable()
+
+    def tell(self):
+        """Return the current file position.
+        """
+        return self.position
+
+    def seek(self, position):
+        """Seek to a position in the file.
+        """
+        self.position = position
+
+    def read(self, size=None):
+        """Read data from the file.
+        """
+        if size is None:
+            size = self.size - self.position
+        else:
+            size = min(size, self.size - self.position)
+
+        buf = b""
+        while size > 0:
+            while True:
+                data, start, stop, offset = self.map[self.map_index]
+                if start <= self.position < stop:
+                    break
+                else:
+                    self.map_index += 1
+                    if self.map_index == len(self.map):
+                        self.map_index = 0
+            length = min(size, stop - self.position)
+            if data:
+                self.fileobj.seek(offset + (self.position - start))
+                buf += self.fileobj.read(length)
+            else:
+                buf += NUL * length
+            size -= length
+            self.position += length
+        return buf
+#class _FileInFile
+
+
+class ExFileObject(object):
+    """File-like object for reading an archive member.
+       Is returned by TarFile.extractfile().
+    """
+    blocksize = 1024
+
+    def __init__(self, tarfile, tarinfo):
+        self.fileobj = _FileInFile(tarfile.fileobj,
+                                   tarinfo.offset_data,
+                                   tarinfo.size,
+                                   tarinfo.sparse)
+        self.name = tarinfo.name
+        self.mode = "r"
+        self.closed = False
+        self.size = tarinfo.size
+
+        self.position = 0
+        self.buffer = b""
+
+    def readable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def writable(self):
+        return False
+
+    def seekable(self):
+        return self.fileobj.seekable()
+
+    def read(self, size=None):
+        """Read at most size bytes from the file. If size is not
+           present or None, read all data until EOF is reached.
+        """
+        if self.closed:
+            raise ValueError("I/O operation on closed file")
+
+        buf = b""
+        if self.buffer:
+            if size is None:
+                buf = self.buffer
+                self.buffer = b""
+            else:
+                buf = self.buffer[:size]
+                self.buffer = self.buffer[size:]
+
+        if size is None:
+            buf += self.fileobj.read()
+        else:
+            buf += self.fileobj.read(size - len(buf))
+
+        self.position += len(buf)
+        return buf
+
+    # XXX TextIOWrapper uses the read1() method.
+    read1 = read
+
+    def readline(self, size=-1):
+        """Read one entire line from the file. If size is present
+           and non-negative, return a string with at most that
+           size, which may be an incomplete line.
+        """
+        if self.closed:
+            raise ValueError("I/O operation on closed file")
+
+        pos = self.buffer.find(b"\n") + 1
+        if pos == 0:
+            # no newline found.
+            while True:
+                buf = self.fileobj.read(self.blocksize)
+                self.buffer += buf
+                if not buf or b"\n" in buf:
+                    pos = self.buffer.find(b"\n") + 1
+                    if pos == 0:
+                        # no newline found.
+                        pos = len(self.buffer)
+                    break
+
+        if size != -1:
+            pos = min(size, pos)
+
+        buf = self.buffer[:pos]
+        self.buffer = self.buffer[pos:]
+        self.position += len(buf)
+        return buf
+
+    def readlines(self):
+        """Return a list with all remaining lines.
+        """
+        result = []
+        while True:
+            line = self.readline()
+            if not line: break
+            result.append(line)
+        return result
+
+    def tell(self):
+        """Return the current file position.
+        """
+        if self.closed:
+            raise ValueError("I/O operation on closed file")
+
+        return self.position
+
+    def seek(self, pos, whence=os.SEEK_SET):
+        """Seek to a position in the file.
+        """
+        if self.closed:
+            raise ValueError("I/O operation on closed file")
+
+        if whence == os.SEEK_SET:
+            self.position = min(max(pos, 0), self.size)
+        elif whence == os.SEEK_CUR:
+            if pos < 0:
+                self.position = max(self.position + pos, 0)
+            else:
+                self.position = min(self.position + pos, self.size)
+        elif whence == os.SEEK_END:
+            self.position = max(min(self.size + pos, self.size), 0)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid argument")
+
+        self.buffer = b""
+        self.fileobj.seek(self.position)
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close the file object.
+        """
+        self.closed = True
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Get an iterator over the file's lines.
+        """
+        while True:
+            line = self.readline()
+            if not line:
+                break
+            yield line
+#class ExFileObject
+
+#------------------
+# Exported Classes
+#------------------
+class TarInfo(object):
+    """Informational class which holds the details about an
+       archive member given by a tar header block.
+       TarInfo objects are returned by TarFile.getmember(),
+       TarFile.getmembers() and TarFile.gettarinfo() and are
+       usually created internally.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("name", "mode", "uid", "gid", "size", "mtime",
+                 "chksum", "type", "linkname", "uname", "gname",
+                 "devmajor", "devminor",
+                 "offset", "offset_data", "pax_headers", "sparse",
+                 "tarfile", "_sparse_structs", "_link_target")
+
+    def __init__(self, name=""):
+        """Construct a TarInfo object. name is the optional name
+           of the member.
+        """
+        self.name = name        # member name
+        self.mode = 0o644       # file permissions
+        self.uid = 0            # user id
+        self.gid = 0            # group id
+        self.size = 0           # file size
+        self.mtime = 0          # modification time
+        self.chksum = 0         # header checksum
+        self.type = REGTYPE     # member type
+        self.linkname = ""      # link name
+        self.uname = ""         # user name
+        self.gname = ""         # group name
+        self.devmajor = 0       # device major number
+        self.devminor = 0       # device minor number
+
+        self.offset = 0         # the tar header starts here
+        self.offset_data = 0    # the file's data starts here
+
+        self.sparse = None      # sparse member information
+        self.pax_headers = {}   # pax header information
+
+    # In pax headers the "name" and "linkname" field are called
+    # "path" and "linkpath".
+    def _getpath(self):
+        return self.name
+    def _setpath(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+    path = property(_getpath, _setpath)
+
+    def _getlinkpath(self):
+        return self.linkname
+    def _setlinkpath(self, linkname):
+        self.linkname = linkname
+    linkpath = property(_getlinkpath, _setlinkpath)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<%s %r at %#x>" % (self.__class__.__name__,self.name,id(self))
+
+    def get_info(self):
+        """Return the TarInfo's attributes as a dictionary.
+        """
+        info = {
+            "name":     self.name,
+            "mode":     self.mode & 0o7777,
+            "uid":      self.uid,
+            "gid":      self.gid,
+            "size":     self.size,
+            "mtime":    self.mtime,
+            "chksum":   self.chksum,
+            "type":     self.type,
+            "linkname": self.linkname,
+            "uname":    self.uname,
+            "gname":    self.gname,
+            "devmajor": self.devmajor,
+            "devminor": self.devminor
+        }
+
+        if info["type"] == DIRTYPE and not info["name"].endswith("/"):
+            info["name"] += "/"
+
+        return info
+
+    def tobuf(self, format=DEFAULT_FORMAT, encoding=ENCODING, errors="surrogateescape"):
+        """Return a tar header as a string of 512 byte blocks.
+        """
+        info = self.get_info()
+
+        if format == USTAR_FORMAT:
+            return self.create_ustar_header(info, encoding, errors)
+        elif format == GNU_FORMAT:
+            return self.create_gnu_header(info, encoding, errors)
+        elif format == PAX_FORMAT:
+            return self.create_pax_header(info, encoding)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid format")
+
+    def create_ustar_header(self, info, encoding, errors):
+        """Return the object as a ustar header block.
+        """
+        info["magic"] = POSIX_MAGIC
+
+        if len(info["linkname"]) > LENGTH_LINK:
+            raise ValueError("linkname is too long")
+
+        if len(info["name"]) > LENGTH_NAME:
+            info["prefix"], info["name"] = self._posix_split_name(info["name"])
+
+        return self._create_header(info, USTAR_FORMAT, encoding, errors)
+
+    def create_gnu_header(self, info, encoding, errors):
+        """Return the object as a GNU header block sequence.
+        """
+        info["magic"] = GNU_MAGIC
+
+        buf = b""
+        if len(info["linkname"]) > LENGTH_LINK:
+            buf += self._create_gnu_long_header(info["linkname"], GNUTYPE_LONGLINK, encoding, errors)
+
+        if len(info["name"]) > LENGTH_NAME:
+            buf += self._create_gnu_long_header(info["name"], GNUTYPE_LONGNAME, encoding, errors)
+
+        return buf + self._create_header(info, GNU_FORMAT, encoding, errors)
+
+    def create_pax_header(self, info, encoding):
+        """Return the object as a ustar header block. If it cannot be
+           represented this way, prepend a pax extended header sequence
+           with supplement information.
+        """
+        info["magic"] = POSIX_MAGIC
+        pax_headers = self.pax_headers.copy()
+
+        # Test string fields for values that exceed the field length or cannot
+        # be represented in ASCII encoding.
+        for name, hname, length in (
+                ("name", "path", LENGTH_NAME), ("linkname", "linkpath", LENGTH_LINK),
+                ("uname", "uname", 32), ("gname", "gname", 32)):
+
+            if hname in pax_headers:
+                # The pax header has priority.
+                continue
+
+            # Try to encode the string as ASCII.
+            try:
+                info[name].encode("ascii", "strict")
+            except UnicodeEncodeError:
+                pax_headers[hname] = info[name]
+                continue
+
+            if len(info[name]) > length:
+                pax_headers[hname] = info[name]
+
+        # Test number fields for values that exceed the field limit or values
+        # that like to be stored as float.
+        for name, digits in (("uid", 8), ("gid", 8), ("size", 12), ("mtime", 12)):
+            if name in pax_headers:
+                # The pax header has priority. Avoid overflow.
+                info[name] = 0
+                continue
+
+            val = info[name]
+            if not 0 <= val < 8 ** (digits - 1) or isinstance(val, float):
+                pax_headers[name] = str(val)
+                info[name] = 0
+
+        # Create a pax extended header if necessary.
+        if pax_headers:
+            buf = self._create_pax_generic_header(pax_headers, XHDTYPE, encoding)
+        else:
+            buf = b""
+
+        return buf + self._create_header(info, USTAR_FORMAT, "ascii", "replace")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_pax_global_header(cls, pax_headers):
+        """Return the object as a pax global header block sequence.
+        """
+        return cls._create_pax_generic_header(pax_headers, XGLTYPE, "utf8")
+
+    def _posix_split_name(self, name):
+        """Split a name longer than 100 chars into a prefix
+           and a name part.
+        """
+        prefix = name[:LENGTH_PREFIX + 1]
+        while prefix and prefix[-1] != "/":
+            prefix = prefix[:-1]
+
+        name = name[len(prefix):]
+        prefix = prefix[:-1]
+
+        if not prefix or len(name) > LENGTH_NAME:
+            raise ValueError("name is too long")
+        return prefix, name
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _create_header(info, format, encoding, errors):
+        """Return a header block. info is a dictionary with file
+           information, format must be one of the *_FORMAT constants.
+        """
+        parts = [
+            stn(info.get("name", ""), 100, encoding, errors),
+            itn(info.get("mode", 0) & 0o7777, 8, format),
+            itn(info.get("uid", 0), 8, format),
+            itn(info.get("gid", 0), 8, format),
+            itn(info.get("size", 0), 12, format),
+            itn(info.get("mtime", 0), 12, format),
+            b"        ", # checksum field
+            info.get("type", REGTYPE),
+            stn(info.get("linkname", ""), 100, encoding, errors),
+            info.get("magic", POSIX_MAGIC),
+            stn(info.get("uname", ""), 32, encoding, errors),
+            stn(info.get("gname", ""), 32, encoding, errors),
+            itn(info.get("devmajor", 0), 8, format),
+            itn(info.get("devminor", 0), 8, format),
+            stn(info.get("prefix", ""), 155, encoding, errors)
+        ]
+
+        buf = struct.pack("%ds" % BLOCKSIZE, b"".join(parts))
+        chksum = calc_chksums(buf[-BLOCKSIZE:])[0]
+        buf = buf[:-364] + ("%06o\0" % chksum).encode("ascii") + buf[-357:]
+        return buf
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _create_payload(payload):
+        """Return the string payload filled with zero bytes
+           up to the next 512 byte border.
+        """
+        blocks, remainder = divmod(len(payload), BLOCKSIZE)
+        if remainder > 0:
+            payload += (BLOCKSIZE - remainder) * NUL
+        return payload
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _create_gnu_long_header(cls, name, type, encoding, errors):
+        """Return a GNUTYPE_LONGNAME or GNUTYPE_LONGLINK sequence
+           for name.
+        """
+        name = name.encode(encoding, errors) + NUL
+
+        info = {}
+        info["name"] = "././@LongLink"
+        info["type"] = type
+        info["size"] = len(name)
+        info["magic"] = GNU_MAGIC
+
+        # create extended header + name blocks.
+        return cls._create_header(info, USTAR_FORMAT, encoding, errors) + \
+                cls._create_payload(name)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _create_pax_generic_header(cls, pax_headers, type, encoding):
+        """Return a POSIX.1-2008 extended or global header sequence
+           that contains a list of keyword, value pairs. The values
+           must be strings.
+        """
+        # Check if one of the fields contains surrogate characters and thereby
+        # forces hdrcharset=BINARY, see _proc_pax() for more information.
+        binary = False
+        for keyword, value in pax_headers.items():
+            try:
+                value.encode("utf8", "strict")
+            except UnicodeEncodeError:
+                binary = True
+                break
+
+        records = b""
+        if binary:
+            # Put the hdrcharset field at the beginning of the header.
+            records += b"21 hdrcharset=BINARY\n"
+
+        for keyword, value in pax_headers.items():
+            keyword = keyword.encode("utf8")
+            if binary:
+                # Try to restore the original byte representation of `value'.
+                # Needless to say, that the encoding must match the string.
+                value = value.encode(encoding, "surrogateescape")
+            else:
+                value = value.encode("utf8")
+
+            l = len(keyword) + len(value) + 3   # ' ' + '=' + '\n'
+            n = p = 0
+            while True:
+                n = l + len(str(p))
+                if n == p:
+                    break
+                p = n
+            records += bytes(str(p), "ascii") + b" " + keyword + b"=" + value + b"\n"
+
+        # We use a hardcoded "././@PaxHeader" name like star does
+        # instead of the one that POSIX recommends.
+        info = {}
+        info["name"] = "././@PaxHeader"
+        info["type"] = type
+        info["size"] = len(records)
+        info["magic"] = POSIX_MAGIC
+
+        # Create pax header + record blocks.
+        return cls._create_header(info, USTAR_FORMAT, "ascii", "replace") + \
+                cls._create_payload(records)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def frombuf(cls, buf, encoding, errors):
+        """Construct a TarInfo object from a 512 byte bytes object.
+        """
+        if len(buf) == 0:
+            raise EmptyHeaderError("empty header")
+        if len(buf) != BLOCKSIZE:
+            raise TruncatedHeaderError("truncated header")
+        if buf.count(NUL) == BLOCKSIZE:
+            raise EOFHeaderError("end of file header")
+
+        chksum = nti(buf[148:156])
+        if chksum not in calc_chksums(buf):
+            raise InvalidHeaderError("bad checksum")
+
+        obj = cls()
+        obj.name = nts(buf[0:100], encoding, errors)
+        obj.mode = nti(buf[100:108])
+        obj.uid = nti(buf[108:116])
+        obj.gid = nti(buf[116:124])
+        obj.size = nti(buf[124:136])
+        obj.mtime = nti(buf[136:148])
+        obj.chksum = chksum
+        obj.type = buf[156:157]
+        obj.linkname = nts(buf[157:257], encoding, errors)
+        obj.uname = nts(buf[265:297], encoding, errors)
+        obj.gname = nts(buf[297:329], encoding, errors)
+        obj.devmajor = nti(buf[329:337])
+        obj.devminor = nti(buf[337:345])
+        prefix = nts(buf[345:500], encoding, errors)
+
+        # Old V7 tar format represents a directory as a regular
+        # file with a trailing slash.
+        if obj.type == AREGTYPE and obj.name.endswith("/"):
+            obj.type = DIRTYPE
+
+        # The old GNU sparse format occupies some of the unused
+        # space in the buffer for up to 4 sparse structures.
+        # Save the them for later processing in _proc_sparse().
+        if obj.type == GNUTYPE_SPARSE:
+            pos = 386
+            structs = []
+            for i in range(4):
+                try:
+                    offset = nti(buf[pos:pos + 12])
+                    numbytes = nti(buf[pos + 12:pos + 24])
+                except ValueError:
+                    break
+                structs.append((offset, numbytes))
+                pos += 24
+            isextended = bool(buf[482])
+            origsize = nti(buf[483:495])
+            obj._sparse_structs = (structs, isextended, origsize)
+
+        # Remove redundant slashes from directories.
+        if obj.isdir():
+            obj.name = obj.name.rstrip("/")
+
+        # Reconstruct a ustar longname.
+        if prefix and obj.type not in GNU_TYPES:
+            obj.name = prefix + "/" + obj.name
+        return obj
+
+    @classmethod
+    def fromtarfile(cls, tarfile):
+        """Return the next TarInfo object from TarFile object
+           tarfile.
+        """
+        buf = tarfile.fileobj.read(BLOCKSIZE)
+        obj = cls.frombuf(buf, tarfile.encoding, tarfile.errors)
+        obj.offset = tarfile.fileobj.tell() - BLOCKSIZE
+        return obj._proc_member(tarfile)
+
+    #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # The following are methods that are called depending on the type of a
+    # member. The entry point is _proc_member() which can be overridden in a
+    # subclass to add custom _proc_*() methods. A _proc_*() method MUST
+    # implement the following
+    # operations:
+    # 1. Set self.offset_data to the position where the data blocks begin,
+    #    if there is data that follows.
+    # 2. Set tarfile.offset to the position where the next member's header will
+    #    begin.
+    # 3. Return self or another valid TarInfo object.
+    def _proc_member(self, tarfile):
+        """Choose the right processing method depending on
+           the type and call it.
+        """
+        if self.type in (GNUTYPE_LONGNAME, GNUTYPE_LONGLINK):
+            return self._proc_gnulong(tarfile)
+        elif self.type == GNUTYPE_SPARSE:
+            return self._proc_sparse(tarfile)
+        elif self.type in (XHDTYPE, XGLTYPE, SOLARIS_XHDTYPE):
+            return self._proc_pax(tarfile)
+        else:
+            return self._proc_builtin(tarfile)
+
+    def _proc_builtin(self, tarfile):
+        """Process a builtin type or an unknown type which
+           will be treated as a regular file.
+        """
+        self.offset_data = tarfile.fileobj.tell()
+        offset = self.offset_data
+        if self.isreg() or self.type not in SUPPORTED_TYPES:
+            # Skip the following data blocks.
+            offset += self._block(self.size)
+        tarfile.offset = offset
+
+        # Patch the TarInfo object with saved global
+        # header information.
+        self._apply_pax_info(tarfile.pax_headers, tarfile.encoding, tarfile.errors)
+
+        return self
+
+    def _proc_gnulong(self, tarfile):
+        """Process the blocks that hold a GNU longname
+           or longlink member.
+        """
+        buf = tarfile.fileobj.read(self._block(self.size))
+
+        # Fetch the next header and process it.
+        try:
+            next = self.fromtarfile(tarfile)
+        except HeaderError:
+            raise SubsequentHeaderError("missing or bad subsequent header")
+
+        # Patch the TarInfo object from the next header with
+        # the longname information.
+        next.offset = self.offset
+        if self.type == GNUTYPE_LONGNAME:
+            next.name = nts(buf, tarfile.encoding, tarfile.errors)
+        elif self.type == GNUTYPE_LONGLINK:
+            next.linkname = nts(buf, tarfile.encoding, tarfile.errors)
+
+        return next
+
+    def _proc_sparse(self, tarfile):
+        """Process a GNU sparse header plus extra headers.
+        """
+        # We already collected some sparse structures in frombuf().
+        structs, isextended, origsize = self._sparse_structs
+        del self._sparse_structs
+
+        # Collect sparse structures from extended header blocks.
+        while isextended:
+            buf = tarfile.fileobj.read(BLOCKSIZE)
+            pos = 0
+            for i in range(21):
+                try:
+                    offset = nti(buf[pos:pos + 12])
+                    numbytes = nti(buf[pos + 12:pos + 24])
+                except ValueError:
+                    break
+                if offset and numbytes:
+                    structs.append((offset, numbytes))
+                pos += 24
+            isextended = bool(buf[504])
+        self.sparse = structs
+
+        self.offset_data = tarfile.fileobj.tell()
+        tarfile.offset = self.offset_data + self._block(self.size)
+        self.size = origsize
+        return self
+
+    def _proc_pax(self, tarfile):
+        """Process an extended or global header as described in
+           POSIX.1-2008.
+        """
+        # Read the header information.
+        buf = tarfile.fileobj.read(self._block(self.size))
+
+        # A pax header stores supplemental information for either
+        # the following file (extended) or all following files
+        # (global).
+        if self.type == XGLTYPE:
+            pax_headers = tarfile.pax_headers
+        else:
+            pax_headers = tarfile.pax_headers.copy()
+
+        # Check if the pax header contains a hdrcharset field. This tells us
+        # the encoding of the path, linkpath, uname and gname fields. Normally,
+        # these fields are UTF-8 encoded but since POSIX.1-2008 tar
+        # implementations are allowed to store them as raw binary strings if
+        # the translation to UTF-8 fails.
+        match = re.search(br"\d+ hdrcharset=([^\n]+)\n", buf)
+        if match is not None:
+            pax_headers["hdrcharset"] = match.group(1).decode("utf8")
+
+        # For the time being, we don't care about anything other than "BINARY".
+        # The only other value that is currently allowed by the standard is
+        # "ISO-IR 10646 2000 UTF-8" in other words UTF-8.
+        hdrcharset = pax_headers.get("hdrcharset")
+        if hdrcharset == "BINARY":
+            encoding = tarfile.encoding
+        else:
+            encoding = "utf8"
+
+        # Parse pax header information. A record looks like that:
+        # "%d %s=%s\n" % (length, keyword, value). length is the size
+        # of the complete record including the length field itself and
+        # the newline. keyword and value are both UTF-8 encoded strings.
+        regex = re.compile(br"(\d+) ([^=]+)=")
+        pos = 0
+        while True:
+            match = regex.match(buf, pos)
+            if not match:
+                break
+
+            length, keyword = match.groups()
+            length = int(length)
+            value = buf[match.end(2) + 1:match.start(1) + length - 1]
+
+            # Normally, we could just use "utf8" as the encoding and "strict"
+            # as the error handler, but we better not take the risk. For
+            # example, GNU tar <= 1.23 is known to store filenames it cannot
+            # translate to UTF-8 as raw strings (unfortunately without a
+            # hdrcharset=BINARY header).
+            # We first try the strict standard encoding, and if that fails we
+            # fall back on the user's encoding and error handler.
+            keyword = self._decode_pax_field(keyword, "utf8", "utf8",
+                    tarfile.errors)
+            if keyword in PAX_NAME_FIELDS:
+                value = self._decode_pax_field(value, encoding, tarfile.encoding,
+                        tarfile.errors)
+            else:
+                value = self._decode_pax_field(value, "utf8", "utf8",
+                        tarfile.errors)
+
+            pax_headers[keyword] = value
+            pos += length
+
+        # Fetch the next header.
+        try:
+            next = self.fromtarfile(tarfile)
+        except HeaderError:
+            raise SubsequentHeaderError("missing or bad subsequent header")
+
+        # Process GNU sparse information.
+        if "GNU.sparse.map" in pax_headers:
+            # GNU extended sparse format version 0.1.
+            self._proc_gnusparse_01(next, pax_headers)
+
+        elif "GNU.sparse.size" in pax_headers:
+            # GNU extended sparse format version 0.0.
+            self._proc_gnusparse_00(next, pax_headers, buf)
+
+        elif pax_headers.get("GNU.sparse.major") == "1" and pax_headers.get("GNU.sparse.minor") == "0":
+            # GNU extended sparse format version 1.0.
+            self._proc_gnusparse_10(next, pax_headers, tarfile)
+
+        if self.type in (XHDTYPE, SOLARIS_XHDTYPE):
+            # Patch the TarInfo object with the extended header info.
+            next._apply_pax_info(pax_headers, tarfile.encoding, tarfile.errors)
+            next.offset = self.offset
+
+            if "size" in pax_headers:
+                # If the extended header replaces the size field,
+                # we need to recalculate the offset where the next
+                # header starts.
+                offset = next.offset_data
+                if next.isreg() or next.type not in SUPPORTED_TYPES:
+                    offset += next._block(next.size)
+                tarfile.offset = offset
+
+        return next
+
+    def _proc_gnusparse_00(self, next, pax_headers, buf):
+        """Process a GNU tar extended sparse header, version 0.0.
+        """
+        offsets = []
+        for match in re.finditer(br"\d+ GNU.sparse.offset=(\d+)\n", buf):
+            offsets.append(int(match.group(1)))
+        numbytes = []
+        for match in re.finditer(br"\d+ GNU.sparse.numbytes=(\d+)\n", buf):
+            numbytes.append(int(match.group(1)))
+        next.sparse = list(zip(offsets, numbytes))
+
+    def _proc_gnusparse_01(self, next, pax_headers):
+        """Process a GNU tar extended sparse header, version 0.1.
+        """
+        sparse = [int(x) for x in pax_headers["GNU.sparse.map"].split(",")]
+        next.sparse = list(zip(sparse[::2], sparse[1::2]))
+
+    def _proc_gnusparse_10(self, next, pax_headers, tarfile):
+        """Process a GNU tar extended sparse header, version 1.0.
+        """
+        fields = None
+        sparse = []
+        buf = tarfile.fileobj.read(BLOCKSIZE)
+        fields, buf = buf.split(b"\n", 1)
+        fields = int(fields)
+        while len(sparse) < fields * 2:
+            if b"\n" not in buf:
+                buf += tarfile.fileobj.read(BLOCKSIZE)
+            number, buf = buf.split(b"\n", 1)
+            sparse.append(int(number))
+        next.offset_data = tarfile.fileobj.tell()
+        next.sparse = list(zip(sparse[::2], sparse[1::2]))
+
+    def _apply_pax_info(self, pax_headers, encoding, errors):
+        """Replace fields with supplemental information from a previous
+           pax extended or global header.
+        """
+        for keyword, value in pax_headers.items():
+            if keyword == "GNU.sparse.name":
+                setattr(self, "path", value)
+            elif keyword == "GNU.sparse.size":
+                setattr(self, "size", int(value))
+            elif keyword == "GNU.sparse.realsize":
+                setattr(self, "size", int(value))
+            elif keyword in PAX_FIELDS:
+                if keyword in PAX_NUMBER_FIELDS:
+                    try:
+                        value = PAX_NUMBER_FIELDS[keyword](value)
+                    except ValueError:
+                        value = 0
+                if keyword == "path":
+                    value = value.rstrip("/")
+                setattr(self, keyword, value)
+
+        self.pax_headers = pax_headers.copy()
+
+    def _decode_pax_field(self, value, encoding, fallback_encoding, fallback_errors):
+        """Decode a single field from a pax record.
+        """
+        try:
+            return value.decode(encoding, "strict")
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            return value.decode(fallback_encoding, fallback_errors)
+
+    def _block(self, count):
+        """Round up a byte count by BLOCKSIZE and return it,
+           e.g. _block(834) => 1024.
+        """
+        blocks, remainder = divmod(count, BLOCKSIZE)
+        if remainder:
+            blocks += 1
+        return blocks * BLOCKSIZE
+
+    def isreg(self):
+        return self.type in REGULAR_TYPES
+    def isfile(self):
+        return self.isreg()
+    def isdir(self):
+        return self.type == DIRTYPE
+    def issym(self):
+        return self.type == SYMTYPE
+    def islnk(self):
+        return self.type == LNKTYPE
+    def ischr(self):
+        return self.type == CHRTYPE
+    def isblk(self):
+        return self.type == BLKTYPE
+    def isfifo(self):
+        return self.type == FIFOTYPE
+    def issparse(self):
+        return self.sparse is not None
+    def isdev(self):
+        return self.type in (CHRTYPE, BLKTYPE, FIFOTYPE)
+# class TarInfo
+
+class TarFile(object):
+    """The TarFile Class provides an interface to tar archives.
+    """
+
+    debug = 0                   # May be set from 0 (no msgs) to 3 (all msgs)
+
+    dereference = False         # If true, add content of linked file to the
+                                # tar file, else the link.
+
+    ignore_zeros = False        # If true, skips empty or invalid blocks and
+                                # continues processing.
+
+    errorlevel = 1              # If 0, fatal errors only appear in debug
+                                # messages (if debug >= 0). If > 0, errors
+                                # are passed to the caller as exceptions.
+
+    format = DEFAULT_FORMAT     # The format to use when creating an archive.
+
+    encoding = ENCODING         # Encoding for 8-bit character strings.
+
+    errors = None               # Error handler for unicode conversion.
+
+    tarinfo = TarInfo           # The default TarInfo class to use.
+
+    fileobject = ExFileObject   # The default ExFileObject class to use.
+
+    def __init__(self, name=None, mode="r", fileobj=None, format=None,
+            tarinfo=None, dereference=None, ignore_zeros=None, encoding=None,
+            errors="surrogateescape", pax_headers=None, debug=None, errorlevel=None):
+        """Open an (uncompressed) tar archive `name'. `mode' is either 'r' to
+           read from an existing archive, 'a' to append data to an existing
+           file or 'w' to create a new file overwriting an existing one. `mode'
+           defaults to 'r'.
+           If `fileobj' is given, it is used for reading or writing data. If it
+           can be determined, `mode' is overridden by `fileobj's mode.
+           `fileobj' is not closed, when TarFile is closed.
+        """
+        if len(mode) > 1 or mode not in "raw":
+            raise ValueError("mode must be 'r', 'a' or 'w'")
+        self.mode = mode
+        self._mode = {"r": "rb", "a": "r+b", "w": "wb"}[mode]
+
+        if not fileobj:
+            if self.mode == "a" and not os.path.exists(name):
+                # Create nonexistent files in append mode.
+                self.mode = "w"
+                self._mode = "wb"
+            fileobj = bltn_open(name, self._mode)
+            self._extfileobj = False
+        else:
+            if name is None and hasattr(fileobj, "name"):
+                name = fileobj.name
+            if hasattr(fileobj, "mode"):
+                self._mode = fileobj.mode
+            self._extfileobj = True
+        self.name = os.path.abspath(name) if name else None
+        self.fileobj = fileobj
+
+        # Init attributes.
+        if format is not None:
+            self.format = format
+        if tarinfo is not None:
+            self.tarinfo = tarinfo
+        if dereference is not None:
+            self.dereference = dereference
+        if ignore_zeros is not None:
+            self.ignore_zeros = ignore_zeros
+        if encoding is not None:
+            self.encoding = encoding
+        self.errors = errors
+
+        if pax_headers is not None and self.format == PAX_FORMAT:
+            self.pax_headers = pax_headers
+        else:
+            self.pax_headers = {}
+
+        if debug is not None:
+            self.debug = debug
+        if errorlevel is not None:
+            self.errorlevel = errorlevel
+
+        # Init datastructures.
+        self.closed = False
+        self.members = []       # list of members as TarInfo objects
+        self._loaded = False    # flag if all members have been read
+        self.offset = self.fileobj.tell()
+                                # current position in the archive file
+        self.inodes = {}        # dictionary caching the inodes of
+                                # archive members already added
+
+        try:
+            if self.mode == "r":
+                self.firstmember = None
+                self.firstmember = self.next()
+
+            if self.mode == "a":
+                # Move to the end of the archive,
+                # before the first empty block.
+                while True:
+                    self.fileobj.seek(self.offset)
+                    try:
+                        tarinfo = self.tarinfo.fromtarfile(self)
+                        self.members.append(tarinfo)
+                    except EOFHeaderError:
+                        self.fileobj.seek(self.offset)
+                        break
+                    except HeaderError as e:
+                        raise ReadError(str(e))
+
+            if self.mode in "aw":
+                self._loaded = True
+
+                if self.pax_headers:
+                    buf = self.tarinfo.create_pax_global_header(self.pax_headers.copy())
+                    self.fileobj.write(buf)
+                    self.offset += len(buf)
+        except:
+            if not self._extfileobj:
+                self.fileobj.close()
+            self.closed = True
+            raise
+
+    #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Below are the classmethods which act as alternate constructors to the
+    # TarFile class. The open() method is the only one that is needed for
+    # public use; it is the "super"-constructor and is able to select an
+    # adequate "sub"-constructor for a particular compression using the mapping
+    # from OPEN_METH.
+    #
+    # This concept allows one to subclass TarFile without losing the comfort of
+    # the super-constructor. A sub-constructor is registered and made available
+    # by adding it to the mapping in OPEN_METH.
+
+    @classmethod
+    def open(cls, name=None, mode="r", fileobj=None, bufsize=RECORDSIZE, **kwargs):
+        """Open a tar archive for reading, writing or appending. Return
+           an appropriate TarFile class.
+
+           mode:
+           'r' or 'r:*' open for reading with transparent compression
+           'r:'         open for reading exclusively uncompressed
+           'r:gz'       open for reading with gzip compression
+           'r:bz2'      open for reading with bzip2 compression
+           'a' or 'a:'  open for appending, creating the file if necessary
+           'w' or 'w:'  open for writing without compression
+           'w:gz'       open for writing with gzip compression
+           'w:bz2'      open for writing with bzip2 compression
+
+           'r|*'        open a stream of tar blocks with transparent compression
+           'r|'         open an uncompressed stream of tar blocks for reading
+           'r|gz'       open a gzip compressed stream of tar blocks
+           'r|bz2'      open a bzip2 compressed stream of tar blocks
+           'w|'         open an uncompressed stream for writing
+           'w|gz'       open a gzip compressed stream for writing
+           'w|bz2'      open a bzip2 compressed stream for writing
+        """
+
+        if not name and not fileobj:
+            raise ValueError("nothing to open")
+
+        if mode in ("r", "r:*"):
+            # Find out which *open() is appropriate for opening the file.
+            for comptype in cls.OPEN_METH:
+                func = getattr(cls, cls.OPEN_METH[comptype])
+                if fileobj is not None:
+                    saved_pos = fileobj.tell()
+                try:
+                    return func(name, "r", fileobj, **kwargs)
+                except (ReadError, CompressionError) as e:
+                    if fileobj is not None:
+                        fileobj.seek(saved_pos)
+                    continue
+            raise ReadError("file could not be opened successfully")
+
+        elif ":" in mode:
+            filemode, comptype = mode.split(":", 1)
+            filemode = filemode or "r"
+            comptype = comptype or "tar"
+
+            # Select the *open() function according to
+            # given compression.
+            if comptype in cls.OPEN_METH:
+                func = getattr(cls, cls.OPEN_METH[comptype])
+            else:
+                raise CompressionError("unknown compression type %r" % comptype)
+            return func(name, filemode, fileobj, **kwargs)
+
+        elif "|" in mode:
+            filemode, comptype = mode.split("|", 1)
+            filemode = filemode or "r"
+            comptype = comptype or "tar"
+
+            if filemode not in "rw":
+                raise ValueError("mode must be 'r' or 'w'")
+
+            stream = _Stream(name, filemode, comptype, fileobj, bufsize)
+            try:
+                t = cls(name, filemode, stream, **kwargs)
+            except:
+                stream.close()
+                raise
+            t._extfileobj = False
+            return t
+
+        elif mode in "aw":
+            return cls.taropen(name, mode, fileobj, **kwargs)
+
+        raise ValueError("undiscernible mode")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def taropen(cls, name, mode="r", fileobj=None, **kwargs):
+        """Open uncompressed tar archive name for reading or writing.
+        """
+        if len(mode) > 1 or mode not in "raw":
+            raise ValueError("mode must be 'r', 'a' or 'w'")
+        return cls(name, mode, fileobj, **kwargs)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def gzopen(cls, name, mode="r", fileobj=None, compresslevel=9, **kwargs):
+        """Open gzip compressed tar archive name for reading or writing.
+           Appending is not allowed.
+        """
+        if len(mode) > 1 or mode not in "rw":
+            raise ValueError("mode must be 'r' or 'w'")
+
+        try:
+            import gzip
+            gzip.GzipFile
+        except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+            raise CompressionError("gzip module is not available")
+
+        extfileobj = fileobj is not None
+        try:
+            fileobj = gzip.GzipFile(name, mode + "b", compresslevel, fileobj)
+            t = cls.taropen(name, mode, fileobj, **kwargs)
+        except IOError:
+            if not extfileobj and fileobj is not None:
+                fileobj.close()
+            if fileobj is None:
+                raise
+            raise ReadError("not a gzip file")
+        except:
+            if not extfileobj and fileobj is not None:
+                fileobj.close()
+            raise
+        t._extfileobj = extfileobj
+        return t
+
+    @classmethod
+    def bz2open(cls, name, mode="r", fileobj=None, compresslevel=9, **kwargs):
+        """Open bzip2 compressed tar archive name for reading or writing.
+           Appending is not allowed.
+        """
+        if len(mode) > 1 or mode not in "rw":
+            raise ValueError("mode must be 'r' or 'w'.")
+
+        try:
+            import bz2
+        except ImportError:
+            raise CompressionError("bz2 module is not available")
+
+        if fileobj is not None:
+            fileobj = _BZ2Proxy(fileobj, mode)
+        else:
+            fileobj = bz2.BZ2File(name, mode, compresslevel=compresslevel)
+
+        try:
+            t = cls.taropen(name, mode, fileobj, **kwargs)
+        except (IOError, EOFError):
+            fileobj.close()
+            raise ReadError("not a bzip2 file")
+        t._extfileobj = False
+        return t
+
+    # All *open() methods are registered here.
+    OPEN_METH = {
+        "tar": "taropen",   # uncompressed tar
+        "gz":  "gzopen",    # gzip compressed tar
+        "bz2": "bz2open"    # bzip2 compressed tar
+    }
+
+    #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # The public methods which TarFile provides:
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close the TarFile. In write-mode, two finishing zero blocks are
+           appended to the archive.
+        """
+        if self.closed:
+            return
+
+        if self.mode in "aw":
+            self.fileobj.write(NUL * (BLOCKSIZE * 2))
+            self.offset += (BLOCKSIZE * 2)
+            # fill up the end with zero-blocks
+            # (like option -b20 for tar does)
+            blocks, remainder = divmod(self.offset, RECORDSIZE)
+            if remainder > 0:
+                self.fileobj.write(NUL * (RECORDSIZE - remainder))
+
+        if not self._extfileobj:
+            self.fileobj.close()
+        self.closed = True
+
+    def getmember(self, name):
+        """Return a TarInfo object for member `name'. If `name' can not be
+           found in the archive, KeyError is raised. If a member occurs more
+           than once in the archive, its last occurrence is assumed to be the
+           most up-to-date version.
+        """
+        tarinfo = self._getmember(name)
+        if tarinfo is None:
+            raise KeyError("filename %r not found" % name)
+        return tarinfo
+
+    def getmembers(self):
+        """Return the members of the archive as a list of TarInfo objects. The
+           list has the same order as the members in the archive.
+        """
+        self._check()
+        if not self._loaded:    # if we want to obtain a list of
+            self._load()        # all members, we first have to
+                                # scan the whole archive.
+        return self.members
+
+    def getnames(self):
+        """Return the members of the archive as a list of their names. It has
+           the same order as the list returned by getmembers().
+        """
+        return [tarinfo.name for tarinfo in self.getmembers()]
+
+    def gettarinfo(self, name=None, arcname=None, fileobj=None):
+        """Create a TarInfo object for either the file `name' or the file
+           object `fileobj' (using os.fstat on its file descriptor). You can
+           modify some of the TarInfo's attributes before you add it using
+           addfile(). If given, `arcname' specifies an alternative name for the
+           file in the archive.
+        """
+        self._check("aw")
+
+        # When fileobj is given, replace name by
+        # fileobj's real name.
+        if fileobj is not None:
+            name = fileobj.name
+
+        # Building the name of the member in the archive.
+        # Backward slashes are converted to forward slashes,
+        # Absolute paths are turned to relative paths.
+        if arcname is None:
+            arcname = name
+        drv, arcname = os.path.splitdrive(arcname)
+        arcname = arcname.replace(os.sep, "/")
+        arcname = arcname.lstrip("/")
+
+        # Now, fill the TarInfo object with
+        # information specific for the file.
+        tarinfo = self.tarinfo()
+        tarinfo.tarfile = self
+
+        # Use os.stat or os.lstat, depending on platform
+        # and if symlinks shall be resolved.
+        if fileobj is None:
+            if hasattr(os, "lstat") and not self.dereference:
+                statres = os.lstat(name)
+            else:
+                statres = os.stat(name)
+        else:
+            statres = os.fstat(fileobj.fileno())
+        linkname = ""
+
+        stmd = statres.st_mode
+        if stat.S_ISREG(stmd):
+            inode = (statres.st_ino, statres.st_dev)
+            if not self.dereference and statres.st_nlink > 1 and \
+                    inode in self.inodes and arcname != self.inodes[inode]:
+                # Is it a hardlink to an already
+                # archived file?
+                type = LNKTYPE
+                linkname = self.inodes[inode]
+            else:
+                # The inode is added only if its valid.
+                # For win32 it is always 0.
+                type = REGTYPE
+                if inode[0]:
+                    self.inodes[inode] = arcname
+        elif stat.S_ISDIR(stmd):
+            type = DIRTYPE
+        elif stat.S_ISFIFO(stmd):
+            type = FIFOTYPE
+        elif stat.S_ISLNK(stmd):
+            type = SYMTYPE
+            linkname = os.readlink(name)
+        elif stat.S_ISCHR(stmd):
+            type = CHRTYPE
+        elif stat.S_ISBLK(stmd):
+            type = BLKTYPE
+        else:
+            return None
+
+        # Fill the TarInfo object with all
+        # information we can get.
+        tarinfo.name = arcname
+        tarinfo.mode = stmd
+        tarinfo.uid = statres.st_uid
+        tarinfo.gid = statres.st_gid
+        if type == REGTYPE:
+            tarinfo.size = statres.st_size
+        else:
+            tarinfo.size = 0
+        tarinfo.mtime = statres.st_mtime
+        tarinfo.type = type
+        tarinfo.linkname = linkname
+        if pwd:
+            try:
+                tarinfo.uname = pwd.getpwuid(tarinfo.uid)[0]
+            except KeyError:
+                pass
+        if grp:
+            try:
+                tarinfo.gname = grp.getgrgid(tarinfo.gid)[0]
+            except KeyError:
+                pass
+
+        if type in (CHRTYPE, BLKTYPE):
+            if hasattr(os, "major") and hasattr(os, "minor"):
+                tarinfo.devmajor = os.major(statres.st_rdev)
+                tarinfo.devminor = os.minor(statres.st_rdev)
+        return tarinfo
+
+    def list(self, verbose=True):
+        """Print a table of contents to sys.stdout. If `verbose' is False, only
+           the names of the members are printed. If it is True, an `ls -l'-like
+           output is produced.
+        """
+        self._check()
+
+        for tarinfo in self:
+            if verbose:
+                print(filemode(tarinfo.mode), end=' ')
+                print("%s/%s" % (tarinfo.uname or tarinfo.uid,
+                                 tarinfo.gname or tarinfo.gid), end=' ')
+                if tarinfo.ischr() or tarinfo.isblk():
+                    print("%10s" % ("%d,%d" \
+                                    % (tarinfo.devmajor, tarinfo.devminor)), end=' ')
+                else:
+                    print("%10d" % tarinfo.size, end=' ')
+                print("%d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d" \
+                      % time.localtime(tarinfo.mtime)[:6], end=' ')
+
+            print(tarinfo.name + ("/" if tarinfo.isdir() else ""), end=' ')
+
+            if verbose:
+                if tarinfo.issym():
+                    print("->", tarinfo.linkname, end=' ')
+                if tarinfo.islnk():
+                    print("link to", tarinfo.linkname, end=' ')
+            print()
+
+    def add(self, name, arcname=None, recursive=True, exclude=None, filter=None):
+        """Add the file `name' to the archive. `name' may be any type of file
+           (directory, fifo, symbolic link, etc.). If given, `arcname'
+           specifies an alternative name for the file in the archive.
+           Directories are added recursively by default. This can be avoided by
+           setting `recursive' to False. `exclude' is a function that should
+           return True for each filename to be excluded. `filter' is a function
+           that expects a TarInfo object argument and returns the changed
+           TarInfo object, if it returns None the TarInfo object will be
+           excluded from the archive.
+        """
+        self._check("aw")
+
+        if arcname is None:
+            arcname = name
+
+        # Exclude pathnames.
+        if exclude is not None:
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn("use the filter argument instead",
+                    DeprecationWarning, 2)
+            if exclude(name):
+                self._dbg(2, "tarfile: Excluded %r" % name)
+                return
+
+        # Skip if somebody tries to archive the archive...
+        if self.name is not None and os.path.abspath(name) == self.name:
+            self._dbg(2, "tarfile: Skipped %r" % name)
+            return
+
+        self._dbg(1, name)
+
+        # Create a TarInfo object from the file.
+        tarinfo = self.gettarinfo(name, arcname)
+
+        if tarinfo is None:
+            self._dbg(1, "tarfile: Unsupported type %r" % name)
+            return
+
+        # Change or exclude the TarInfo object.
+        if filter is not None:
+            tarinfo = filter(tarinfo)
+            if tarinfo is None:
+                self._dbg(2, "tarfile: Excluded %r" % name)
+                return
+
+        # Append the tar header and data to the archive.
+        if tarinfo.isreg():
+            f = bltn_open(name, "rb")
+            self.addfile(tarinfo, f)
+            f.close()
+
+        elif tarinfo.isdir():
+            self.addfile(tarinfo)
+            if recursive:
+                for f in os.listdir(name):
+                    self.add(os.path.join(name, f), os.path.join(arcname, f),
+                            recursive, exclude, filter=filter)
+
+        else:
+            self.addfile(tarinfo)
+
+    def addfile(self, tarinfo, fileobj=None):
+        """Add the TarInfo object `tarinfo' to the archive. If `fileobj' is
+           given, tarinfo.size bytes are read from it and added to the archive.
+           You can create TarInfo objects using gettarinfo().
+           On Windows platforms, `fileobj' should always be opened with mode
+           'rb' to avoid irritation about the file size.
+        """
+        self._check("aw")
+
+        tarinfo = copy.copy(tarinfo)
+
+        buf = tarinfo.tobuf(self.format, self.encoding, self.errors)
+        self.fileobj.write(buf)
+        self.offset += len(buf)
+
+        # If there's data to follow, append it.
+        if fileobj is not None:
+            copyfileobj(fileobj, self.fileobj, tarinfo.size)
+            blocks, remainder = divmod(tarinfo.size, BLOCKSIZE)
+            if remainder > 0:
+                self.fileobj.write(NUL * (BLOCKSIZE - remainder))
+                blocks += 1
+            self.offset += blocks * BLOCKSIZE
+
+        self.members.append(tarinfo)
+
+    def extractall(self, path=".", members=None):
+        """Extract all members from the archive to the current working
+           directory and set owner, modification time and permissions on
+           directories afterwards. `path' specifies a different directory
+           to extract to. `members' is optional and must be a subset of the
+           list returned by getmembers().
+        """
+        directories = []
+
+        if members is None:
+            members = self
+
+        for tarinfo in members:
+            if tarinfo.isdir():
+                # Extract directories with a safe mode.
+                directories.append(tarinfo)
+                tarinfo = copy.copy(tarinfo)
+                tarinfo.mode = 0o700
+            # Do not set_attrs directories, as we will do that further down
+            self.extract(tarinfo, path, set_attrs=not tarinfo.isdir())
+
+        # Reverse sort directories.
+        directories.sort(key=lambda a: a.name)
+        directories.reverse()
+
+        # Set correct owner, mtime and filemode on directories.
+        for tarinfo in directories:
+            dirpath = os.path.join(path, tarinfo.name)
+            try:
+                self.chown(tarinfo, dirpath)
+                self.utime(tarinfo, dirpath)
+                self.chmod(tarinfo, dirpath)
+            except ExtractError as e:
+                if self.errorlevel > 1:
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    self._dbg(1, "tarfile: %s" % e)
+
+    def extract(self, member, path="", set_attrs=True):
+        """Extract a member from the archive to the current working directory,
+           using its full name. Its file information is extracted as accurately
+           as possible. `member' may be a filename or a TarInfo object. You can
+           specify a different directory using `path'. File attributes (owner,
+           mtime, mode) are set unless `set_attrs' is False.
+        """
+        self._check("r")
+
+        if isinstance(member, str):
+            tarinfo = self.getmember(member)
+        else:
+            tarinfo = member
+
+        # Prepare the link target for makelink().
+        if tarinfo.islnk():
+            tarinfo._link_target = os.path.join(path, tarinfo.linkname)
+
+        try:
+            self._extract_member(tarinfo, os.path.join(path, tarinfo.name),
+                                 set_attrs=set_attrs)
+        except EnvironmentError as e:
+            if self.errorlevel > 0:
+                raise
+            else:
+                if e.filename is None:
+                    self._dbg(1, "tarfile: %s" % e.strerror)
+                else:
+                    self._dbg(1, "tarfile: %s %r" % (e.strerror, e.filename))
+        except ExtractError as e:
+            if self.errorlevel > 1:
+                raise
+            else:
+                self._dbg(1, "tarfile: %s" % e)
+
+    def extractfile(self, member):
+        """Extract a member from the archive as a file object. `member' may be
+           a filename or a TarInfo object. If `member' is a regular file, a
+           file-like object is returned. If `member' is a link, a file-like
+           object is constructed from the link's target. If `member' is none of
+           the above, None is returned.
+           The file-like object is read-only and provides the following
+           methods: read(), readline(), readlines(), seek() and tell()
+        """
+        self._check("r")
+
+        if isinstance(member, str):
+            tarinfo = self.getmember(member)
+        else:
+            tarinfo = member
+
+        if tarinfo.isreg():
+            return self.fileobject(self, tarinfo)
+
+        elif tarinfo.type not in SUPPORTED_TYPES:
+            # If a member's type is unknown, it is treated as a
+            # regular file.
+            return self.fileobject(self, tarinfo)
+
+        elif tarinfo.islnk() or tarinfo.issym():
+            if isinstance(self.fileobj, _Stream):
+                # A small but ugly workaround for the case that someone tries
+                # to extract a (sym)link as a file-object from a non-seekable
+                # stream of tar blocks.
+                raise StreamError("cannot extract (sym)link as file object")
+            else:
+                # A (sym)link's file object is its target's file object.
+                return self.extractfile(self._find_link_target(tarinfo))
+        else:
+            # If there's no data associated with the member (directory, chrdev,
+            # blkdev, etc.), return None instead of a file object.
+            return None
+
+    def _extract_member(self, tarinfo, targetpath, set_attrs=True):
+        """Extract the TarInfo object tarinfo to a physical
+           file called targetpath.
+        """
+        # Fetch the TarInfo object for the given name
+        # and build the destination pathname, replacing
+        # forward slashes to platform specific separators.
+        targetpath = targetpath.rstrip("/")
+        targetpath = targetpath.replace("/", os.sep)
+
+        # Create all upper directories.
+        upperdirs = os.path.dirname(targetpath)
+        if upperdirs and not os.path.exists(upperdirs):
+            # Create directories that are not part of the archive with
+            # default permissions.
+            os.makedirs(upperdirs)
+
+        if tarinfo.islnk() or tarinfo.issym():
+            self._dbg(1, "%s -> %s" % (tarinfo.name, tarinfo.linkname))
+        else:
+            self._dbg(1, tarinfo.name)
+
+        if tarinfo.isreg():
+            self.makefile(tarinfo, targetpath)
+        elif tarinfo.isdir():
+            self.makedir(tarinfo, targetpath)
+        elif tarinfo.isfifo():
+            self.makefifo(tarinfo, targetpath)
+        elif tarinfo.ischr() or tarinfo.isblk():
+            self.makedev(tarinfo, targetpath)
+        elif tarinfo.islnk() or tarinfo.issym():
+            self.makelink(tarinfo, targetpath)
+        elif tarinfo.type not in SUPPORTED_TYPES:
+            self.makeunknown(tarinfo, targetpath)
+        else:
+            self.makefile(tarinfo, targetpath)
+
+        if set_attrs:
+            self.chown(tarinfo, targetpath)
+            if not tarinfo.issym():
+                self.chmod(tarinfo, targetpath)
+                self.utime(tarinfo, targetpath)
+
+    #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Below are the different file methods. They are called via
+    # _extract_member() when extract() is called. They can be replaced in a
+    # subclass to implement other functionality.
+
+    def makedir(self, tarinfo, targetpath):
+        """Make a directory called targetpath.
+        """
+        try:
+            # Use a safe mode for the directory, the real mode is set
+            # later in _extract_member().
+            os.mkdir(targetpath, 0o700)
+        except EnvironmentError as e:
+            if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
+                raise
+
+    def makefile(self, tarinfo, targetpath):
+        """Make a file called targetpath.
+        """
+        source = self.fileobj
+        source.seek(tarinfo.offset_data)
+        target = bltn_open(targetpath, "wb")
+        if tarinfo.sparse is not None:
+            for offset, size in tarinfo.sparse:
+                target.seek(offset)
+                copyfileobj(source, target, size)
+        else:
+            copyfileobj(source, target, tarinfo.size)
+        target.seek(tarinfo.size)
+        target.truncate()
+        target.close()
+
+    def makeunknown(self, tarinfo, targetpath):
+        """Make a file from a TarInfo object with an unknown type
+           at targetpath.
+        """
+        self.makefile(tarinfo, targetpath)
+        self._dbg(1, "tarfile: Unknown file type %r, " \
+                     "extracted as regular file." % tarinfo.type)
+
+    def makefifo(self, tarinfo, targetpath):
+        """Make a fifo called targetpath.
+        """
+        if hasattr(os, "mkfifo"):
+            os.mkfifo(targetpath)
+        else:
+            raise ExtractError("fifo not supported by system")
+
+    def makedev(self, tarinfo, targetpath):
+        """Make a character or block device called targetpath.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(os, "mknod") or not hasattr(os, "makedev"):
+            raise ExtractError("special devices not supported by system")
+
+        mode = tarinfo.mode
+        if tarinfo.isblk():
+            mode |= stat.S_IFBLK
+        else:
+            mode |= stat.S_IFCHR
+
+        os.mknod(targetpath, mode,
+                 os.makedev(tarinfo.devmajor, tarinfo.devminor))
+
+    def makelink(self, tarinfo, targetpath):
+        """Make a (symbolic) link called targetpath. If it cannot be created
+          (platform limitation), we try to make a copy of the referenced file
+          instead of a link.
+        """
+        try:
+            # For systems that support symbolic and hard links.
+            if tarinfo.issym():
+                os.symlink(tarinfo.linkname, targetpath)
+            else:
+                # See extract().
+                if os.path.exists(tarinfo._link_target):
+                    os.link(tarinfo._link_target, targetpath)
+                else:
+                    self._extract_member(self._find_link_target(tarinfo),
+                                         targetpath)
+        except symlink_exception:
+            if tarinfo.issym():
+                linkpath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(tarinfo.name),
+                                        tarinfo.linkname)
+            else:
+                linkpath = tarinfo.linkname
+        else:
+            try:
+                self._extract_member(self._find_link_target(tarinfo),
+                                     targetpath)
+            except KeyError:
+                raise ExtractError("unable to resolve link inside archive")
+
+    def chown(self, tarinfo, targetpath):
+        """Set owner of targetpath according to tarinfo.
+        """
+        if pwd and hasattr(os, "geteuid") and os.geteuid() == 0:
+            # We have to be root to do so.
+            try:
+                g = grp.getgrnam(tarinfo.gname)[2]
+            except KeyError:
+                g = tarinfo.gid
+            try:
+                u = pwd.getpwnam(tarinfo.uname)[2]
+            except KeyError:
+                u = tarinfo.uid
+            try:
+                if tarinfo.issym() and hasattr(os, "lchown"):
+                    os.lchown(targetpath, u, g)
+                else:
+                    if sys.platform != "os2emx":
+                        os.chown(targetpath, u, g)
+            except EnvironmentError as e:
+                raise ExtractError("could not change owner")
+
+    def chmod(self, tarinfo, targetpath):
+        """Set file permissions of targetpath according to tarinfo.
+        """
+        if hasattr(os, 'chmod'):
+            try:
+                os.chmod(targetpath, tarinfo.mode)
+            except EnvironmentError as e:
+                raise ExtractError("could not change mode")
+
+    def utime(self, tarinfo, targetpath):
+        """Set modification time of targetpath according to tarinfo.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(os, 'utime'):
+            return
+        try:
+            os.utime(targetpath, (tarinfo.mtime, tarinfo.mtime))
+        except EnvironmentError as e:
+            raise ExtractError("could not change modification time")
+
+    #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def next(self):
+        """Return the next member of the archive as a TarInfo object, when
+           TarFile is opened for reading. Return None if there is no more
+           available.
+        """
+        self._check("ra")
+        if self.firstmember is not None:
+            m = self.firstmember
+            self.firstmember = None
+            return m
+
+        # Read the next block.
+        self.fileobj.seek(self.offset)
+        tarinfo = None
+        while True:
+            try:
+                tarinfo = self.tarinfo.fromtarfile(self)
+            except EOFHeaderError as e:
+                if self.ignore_zeros:
+                    self._dbg(2, "0x%X: %s" % (self.offset, e))
+                    self.offset += BLOCKSIZE
+                    continue
+            except InvalidHeaderError as e:
+                if self.ignore_zeros:
+                    self._dbg(2, "0x%X: %s" % (self.offset, e))
+                    self.offset += BLOCKSIZE
+                    continue
+                elif self.offset == 0:
+                    raise ReadError(str(e))
+            except EmptyHeaderError:
+                if self.offset == 0:
+                    raise ReadError("empty file")
+            except TruncatedHeaderError as e:
+                if self.offset == 0:
+                    raise ReadError(str(e))
+            except SubsequentHeaderError as e:
+                raise ReadError(str(e))
+            break
+
+        if tarinfo is not None:
+            self.members.append(tarinfo)
+        else:
+            self._loaded = True
+
+        return tarinfo
+
+    #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Little helper methods:
+
+    def _getmember(self, name, tarinfo=None, normalize=False):
+        """Find an archive member by name from bottom to top.
+           If tarinfo is given, it is used as the starting point.
+        """
+        # Ensure that all members have been loaded.
+        members = self.getmembers()
+
+        # Limit the member search list up to tarinfo.
+        if tarinfo is not None:
+            members = members[:members.index(tarinfo)]
+
+        if normalize:
+            name = os.path.normpath(name)
+
+        for member in reversed(members):
+            if normalize:
+                member_name = os.path.normpath(member.name)
+            else:
+                member_name = member.name
+
+            if name == member_name:
+                return member
+
+    def _load(self):
+        """Read through the entire archive file and look for readable
+           members.
+        """
+        while True:
+            tarinfo = self.next()
+            if tarinfo is None:
+                break
+        self._loaded = True
+
+    def _check(self, mode=None):
+        """Check if TarFile is still open, and if the operation's mode
+           corresponds to TarFile's mode.
+        """
+        if self.closed:
+            raise IOError("%s is closed" % self.__class__.__name__)
+        if mode is not None and self.mode not in mode:
+            raise IOError("bad operation for mode %r" % self.mode)
+
+    def _find_link_target(self, tarinfo):
+        """Find the target member of a symlink or hardlink member in the
+           archive.
+        """
+        if tarinfo.issym():
+            # Always search the entire archive.
+            linkname = os.path.dirname(tarinfo.name) + "/" + tarinfo.linkname
+            limit = None
+        else:
+            # Search the archive before the link, because a hard link is
+            # just a reference to an already archived file.
+            linkname = tarinfo.linkname
+            limit = tarinfo
+
+        member = self._getmember(linkname, tarinfo=limit, normalize=True)
+        if member is None:
+            raise KeyError("linkname %r not found" % linkname)
+        return member
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Provide an iterator object.
+        """
+        if self._loaded:
+            return iter(self.members)
+        else:
+            return TarIter(self)
+
+    def _dbg(self, level, msg):
+        """Write debugging output to sys.stderr.
+        """
+        if level <= self.debug:
+            print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self._check()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
+        if type is None:
+            self.close()
+        else:
+            # An exception occurred. We must not call close() because
+            # it would try to write end-of-archive blocks and padding.
+            if not self._extfileobj:
+                self.fileobj.close()
+            self.closed = True
+# class TarFile
+
+class TarIter(object):
+    """Iterator Class.
+
+       for tarinfo in TarFile(...):
+           suite...
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, tarfile):
+        """Construct a TarIter object.
+        """
+        self.tarfile = tarfile
+        self.index = 0
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Return iterator object.
+        """
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        """Return the next item using TarFile's next() method.
+           When all members have been read, set TarFile as _loaded.
+        """
+        # Fix for SF #1100429: Under rare circumstances it can
+        # happen that getmembers() is called during iteration,
+        # which will cause TarIter to stop prematurely.
+        if not self.tarfile._loaded:
+            tarinfo = self.tarfile.next()
+            if not tarinfo:
+                self.tarfile._loaded = True
+                raise StopIteration
+        else:
+            try:
+                tarinfo = self.tarfile.members[self.index]
+            except IndexError:
+                raise StopIteration
+        self.index += 1
+        return tarinfo
+
+    next = __next__ # for Python 2.x
+
+#--------------------
+# exported functions
+#--------------------
+def is_tarfile(name):
+    """Return True if name points to a tar archive that we
+       are able to handle, else return False.
+    """
+    try:
+        t = open(name)
+        t.close()
+        return True
+    except TarError:
+        return False
+
+bltn_open = open
+open = TarFile.open
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e594106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1122 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2013-2017 Vinay Sajip.
+# Licensed to the Python Software Foundation under a contributor agreement.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    ssl = None
+
+if sys.version_info[0] < 3:  # pragma: no cover
+    from StringIO import StringIO
+    string_types = basestring,
+    text_type = unicode
+    from types import FileType as file_type
+    import __builtin__ as builtins
+    import ConfigParser as configparser
+    from ._backport import shutil
+    from urlparse import urlparse, urlunparse, urljoin, urlsplit, urlunsplit
+    from urllib import (urlretrieve, quote as _quote, unquote, url2pathname,
+                        pathname2url, ContentTooShortError, splittype)
+
+    def quote(s):
+        if isinstance(s, unicode):
+            s = s.encode('utf-8')
+        return _quote(s)
+
+    import urllib2
+    from urllib2 import (Request, urlopen, URLError, HTTPError,
+                         HTTPBasicAuthHandler, HTTPPasswordMgr,
+                         HTTPHandler, HTTPRedirectHandler,
+                         build_opener)
+    if ssl:
+        from urllib2 import HTTPSHandler
+    import httplib
+    import xmlrpclib
+    import Queue as queue
+    from HTMLParser import HTMLParser
+    import htmlentitydefs
+    raw_input = raw_input
+    from itertools import ifilter as filter
+    from itertools import ifilterfalse as filterfalse
+
+    # Leaving this around for now, in case it needs resurrecting in some way
+    # _userprog = None
+    # def splituser(host):
+        # """splituser('user[:passwd]@host[:port]') --> 'user[:passwd]', 'host[:port]'."""
+        # global _userprog
+        # if _userprog is None:
+            # import re
+            # _userprog = re.compile('^(.*)@(.*)$')
+
+        # match = _userprog.match(host)
+        # if match: return match.group(1, 2)
+        # return None, host
+
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+    from io import StringIO
+    string_types = str,
+    text_type = str
+    from io import TextIOWrapper as file_type
+    import builtins
+    import configparser
+    import shutil
+    from urllib.parse import (urlparse, urlunparse, urljoin, quote,
+                              unquote, urlsplit, urlunsplit, splittype)
+    from urllib.request import (urlopen, urlretrieve, Request, url2pathname,
+                                pathname2url,
+                                HTTPBasicAuthHandler, HTTPPasswordMgr,
+                                HTTPHandler, HTTPRedirectHandler,
+                                build_opener)
+    if ssl:
+        from urllib.request import HTTPSHandler
+    from urllib.error import HTTPError, URLError, ContentTooShortError
+    import http.client as httplib
+    import urllib.request as urllib2
+    import xmlrpc.client as xmlrpclib
+    import queue
+    from html.parser import HTMLParser
+    import html.entities as htmlentitydefs
+    raw_input = input
+    from itertools import filterfalse
+    filter = filter
+
+
+try:
+    from ssl import match_hostname, CertificateError
+except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
+    class CertificateError(ValueError):
+        pass
+
+
+    def _dnsname_match(dn, hostname, max_wildcards=1):
+        """Matching according to RFC 6125, section 6.4.3
+
+        http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6125#section-6.4.3
+        """
+        pats = []
+        if not dn:
+            return False
+
+        parts = dn.split('.')
+        leftmost, remainder = parts[0], parts[1:]
+
+        wildcards = leftmost.count('*')
+        if wildcards > max_wildcards:
+            # Issue #17980: avoid denials of service by refusing more
+            # than one wildcard per fragment.  A survey of established
+            # policy among SSL implementations showed it to be a
+            # reasonable choice.
+            raise CertificateError(
+                "too many wildcards in certificate DNS name: " + repr(dn))
+
+        # speed up common case w/o wildcards
+        if not wildcards:
+            return dn.lower() == hostname.lower()
+
+        # RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 1.
+        # The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier in which
+        # the wildcard character comprises a label other than the left-most label.
+        if leftmost == '*':
+            # When '*' is a fragment by itself, it matches a non-empty dotless
+            # fragment.
+            pats.append('[^.]+')
+        elif leftmost.startswith('xn--') or hostname.startswith('xn--'):
+            # RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 3.
+            # The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier
+            # where the wildcard character is embedded within an A-label or
+            # U-label of an internationalized domain name.
+            pats.append(re.escape(leftmost))
+        else:
+            # Otherwise, '*' matches any dotless string, e.g. www*
+            pats.append(re.escape(leftmost).replace(r'\*', '[^.]*'))
+
+        # add the remaining fragments, ignore any wildcards
+        for frag in remainder:
+            pats.append(re.escape(frag))
+
+        pat = re.compile(r'\A' + r'\.'.join(pats) + r'\Z', re.IGNORECASE)
+        return pat.match(hostname)
+
+
+    def match_hostname(cert, hostname):
+        """Verify that *cert* (in decoded format as returned by
+        SSLSocket.getpeercert()) matches the *hostname*.  RFC 2818 and RFC 6125
+        rules are followed, but IP addresses are not accepted for *hostname*.
+
+        CertificateError is raised on failure. On success, the function
+        returns nothing.
+        """
+        if not cert:
+            raise ValueError("empty or no certificate, match_hostname needs a "
+                             "SSL socket or SSL context with either "
+                             "CERT_OPTIONAL or CERT_REQUIRED")
+        dnsnames = []
+        san = cert.get('subjectAltName', ())
+        for key, value in san:
+            if key == 'DNS':
+                if _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
+                    return
+                dnsnames.append(value)
+        if not dnsnames:
+            # The subject is only checked when there is no dNSName entry
+            # in subjectAltName
+            for sub in cert.get('subject', ()):
+                for key, value in sub:
+                    # XXX according to RFC 2818, the most specific Common Name
+                    # must be used.
+                    if key == 'commonName':
+                        if _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
+                            return
+                        dnsnames.append(value)
+        if len(dnsnames) > 1:
+            raise CertificateError("hostname %r "
+                "doesn't match either of %s"
+                % (hostname, ', '.join(map(repr, dnsnames))))
+        elif len(dnsnames) == 1:
+            raise CertificateError("hostname %r "
+                "doesn't match %r"
+                % (hostname, dnsnames[0]))
+        else:
+            raise CertificateError("no appropriate commonName or "
+                "subjectAltName fields were found")
+
+
+try:
+    from types import SimpleNamespace as Container
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    class Container(object):
+        """
+        A generic container for when multiple values need to be returned
+        """
+        def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+            self.__dict__.update(kwargs)
+
+
+try:
+    from shutil import which
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    # Implementation from Python 3.3
+    def which(cmd, mode=os.F_OK | os.X_OK, path=None):
+        """Given a command, mode, and a PATH string, return the path which
+        conforms to the given mode on the PATH, or None if there is no such
+        file.
+
+        `mode` defaults to os.F_OK | os.X_OK. `path` defaults to the result
+        of os.environ.get("PATH"), or can be overridden with a custom search
+        path.
+
+        """
+        # Check that a given file can be accessed with the correct mode.
+        # Additionally check that `file` is not a directory, as on Windows
+        # directories pass the os.access check.
+        def _access_check(fn, mode):
+            return (os.path.exists(fn) and os.access(fn, mode)
+                    and not os.path.isdir(fn))
+
+        # If we're given a path with a directory part, look it up directly rather
+        # than referring to PATH directories. This includes checking relative to the
+        # current directory, e.g. ./script
+        if os.path.dirname(cmd):
+            if _access_check(cmd, mode):
+                return cmd
+            return None
+
+        if path is None:
+            path = os.environ.get("PATH", os.defpath)
+        if not path:
+            return None
+        path = path.split(os.pathsep)
+
+        if sys.platform == "win32":
+            # The current directory takes precedence on Windows.
+            if not os.curdir in path:
+                path.insert(0, os.curdir)
+
+            # PATHEXT is necessary to check on Windows.
+            pathext = os.environ.get("PATHEXT", "").split(os.pathsep)
+            # See if the given file matches any of the expected path extensions.
+            # This will allow us to short circuit when given "python.exe".
+            # If it does match, only test that one, otherwise we have to try
+            # others.
+            if any(cmd.lower().endswith(ext.lower()) for ext in pathext):
+                files = [cmd]
+            else:
+                files = [cmd + ext for ext in pathext]
+        else:
+            # On other platforms you don't have things like PATHEXT to tell you
+            # what file suffixes are executable, so just pass on cmd as-is.
+            files = [cmd]
+
+        seen = set()
+        for dir in path:
+            normdir = os.path.normcase(dir)
+            if not normdir in seen:
+                seen.add(normdir)
+                for thefile in files:
+                    name = os.path.join(dir, thefile)
+                    if _access_check(name, mode):
+                        return name
+        return None
+
+
+# ZipFile is a context manager in 2.7, but not in 2.6
+
+from zipfile import ZipFile as BaseZipFile
+
+if hasattr(BaseZipFile, '__enter__'):  # pragma: no cover
+    ZipFile = BaseZipFile
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+    from zipfile import ZipExtFile as BaseZipExtFile
+
+    class ZipExtFile(BaseZipExtFile):
+        def __init__(self, base):
+            self.__dict__.update(base.__dict__)
+
+        def __enter__(self):
+            return self
+
+        def __exit__(self, *exc_info):
+            self.close()
+            # return None, so if an exception occurred, it will propagate
+
+    class ZipFile(BaseZipFile):
+        def __enter__(self):
+            return self
+
+        def __exit__(self, *exc_info):
+            self.close()
+            # return None, so if an exception occurred, it will propagate
+
+        def open(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            base = BaseZipFile.open(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            return ZipExtFile(base)
+
+try:
+    from platform import python_implementation
+except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
+    def python_implementation():
+        """Return a string identifying the Python implementation."""
+        if 'PyPy' in sys.version:
+            return 'PyPy'
+        if os.name == 'java':
+            return 'Jython'
+        if sys.version.startswith('IronPython'):
+            return 'IronPython'
+        return 'CPython'
+
+try:
+    import sysconfig
+except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
+    from ._backport import sysconfig
+
+try:
+    callable = callable
+except NameError:   # pragma: no cover
+    from collections.abc import Callable
+
+    def callable(obj):
+        return isinstance(obj, Callable)
+
+
+try:
+    fsencode = os.fsencode
+    fsdecode = os.fsdecode
+except AttributeError:  # pragma: no cover
+    # Issue #99: on some systems (e.g. containerised),
+    # sys.getfilesystemencoding() returns None, and we need a real value,
+    # so fall back to utf-8. From the CPython 2.7 docs relating to Unix and
+    # sys.getfilesystemencoding(): the return value is "the user’s preference
+    # according to the result of nl_langinfo(CODESET), or None if the
+    # nl_langinfo(CODESET) failed."
+    _fsencoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding() or 'utf-8'
+    if _fsencoding == 'mbcs':
+        _fserrors = 'strict'
+    else:
+        _fserrors = 'surrogateescape'
+
+    def fsencode(filename):
+        if isinstance(filename, bytes):
+            return filename
+        elif isinstance(filename, text_type):
+            return filename.encode(_fsencoding, _fserrors)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("expect bytes or str, not %s" %
+                            type(filename).__name__)
+
+    def fsdecode(filename):
+        if isinstance(filename, text_type):
+            return filename
+        elif isinstance(filename, bytes):
+            return filename.decode(_fsencoding, _fserrors)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("expect bytes or str, not %s" %
+                            type(filename).__name__)
+
+try:
+    from tokenize import detect_encoding
+except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
+    from codecs import BOM_UTF8, lookup
+    import re
+
+    cookie_re = re.compile(r"coding[:=]\s*([-\w.]+)")
+
+    def _get_normal_name(orig_enc):
+        """Imitates get_normal_name in tokenizer.c."""
+        # Only care about the first 12 characters.
+        enc = orig_enc[:12].lower().replace("_", "-")
+        if enc == "utf-8" or enc.startswith("utf-8-"):
+            return "utf-8"
+        if enc in ("latin-1", "iso-8859-1", "iso-latin-1") or \
+           enc.startswith(("latin-1-", "iso-8859-1-", "iso-latin-1-")):
+            return "iso-8859-1"
+        return orig_enc
+
+    def detect_encoding(readline):
+        """
+        The detect_encoding() function is used to detect the encoding that should
+        be used to decode a Python source file.  It requires one argument, readline,
+        in the same way as the tokenize() generator.
+
+        It will call readline a maximum of twice, and return the encoding used
+        (as a string) and a list of any lines (left as bytes) it has read in.
+
+        It detects the encoding from the presence of a utf-8 bom or an encoding
+        cookie as specified in pep-0263.  If both a bom and a cookie are present,
+        but disagree, a SyntaxError will be raised.  If the encoding cookie is an
+        invalid charset, raise a SyntaxError.  Note that if a utf-8 bom is found,
+        'utf-8-sig' is returned.
+
+        If no encoding is specified, then the default of 'utf-8' will be returned.
+        """
+        try:
+            filename = readline.__self__.name
+        except AttributeError:
+            filename = None
+        bom_found = False
+        encoding = None
+        default = 'utf-8'
+        def read_or_stop():
+            try:
+                return readline()
+            except StopIteration:
+                return b''
+
+        def find_cookie(line):
+            try:
+                # Decode as UTF-8. Either the line is an encoding declaration,
+                # in which case it should be pure ASCII, or it must be UTF-8
+                # per default encoding.
+                line_string = line.decode('utf-8')
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                msg = "invalid or missing encoding declaration"
+                if filename is not None:
+                    msg = '{} for {!r}'.format(msg, filename)
+                raise SyntaxError(msg)
+
+            matches = cookie_re.findall(line_string)
+            if not matches:
+                return None
+            encoding = _get_normal_name(matches[0])
+            try:
+                codec = lookup(encoding)
+            except LookupError:
+                # This behaviour mimics the Python interpreter
+                if filename is None:
+                    msg = "unknown encoding: " + encoding
+                else:
+                    msg = "unknown encoding for {!r}: {}".format(filename,
+                            encoding)
+                raise SyntaxError(msg)
+
+            if bom_found:
+                if codec.name != 'utf-8':
+                    # This behaviour mimics the Python interpreter
+                    if filename is None:
+                        msg = 'encoding problem: utf-8'
+                    else:
+                        msg = 'encoding problem for {!r}: utf-8'.format(filename)
+                    raise SyntaxError(msg)
+                encoding += '-sig'
+            return encoding
+
+        first = read_or_stop()
+        if first.startswith(BOM_UTF8):
+            bom_found = True
+            first = first[3:]
+            default = 'utf-8-sig'
+        if not first:
+            return default, []
+
+        encoding = find_cookie(first)
+        if encoding:
+            return encoding, [first]
+
+        second = read_or_stop()
+        if not second:
+            return default, [first]
+
+        encoding = find_cookie(second)
+        if encoding:
+            return encoding, [first, second]
+
+        return default, [first, second]
+
+# For converting & <-> &amp; etc.
+try:
+    from html import escape
+except ImportError:
+    from cgi import escape
+if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 4):
+    unescape = HTMLParser().unescape
+else:
+    from html import unescape
+
+try:
+    from collections import ChainMap
+except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
+    from collections import MutableMapping
+
+    try:
+        from reprlib import recursive_repr as _recursive_repr
+    except ImportError:
+        def _recursive_repr(fillvalue='...'):
+            '''
+            Decorator to make a repr function return fillvalue for a recursive
+            call
+            '''
+
+            def decorating_function(user_function):
+                repr_running = set()
+
+                def wrapper(self):
+                    key = id(self), get_ident()
+                    if key in repr_running:
+                        return fillvalue
+                    repr_running.add(key)
+                    try:
+                        result = user_function(self)
+                    finally:
+                        repr_running.discard(key)
+                    return result
+
+                # Can't use functools.wraps() here because of bootstrap issues
+                wrapper.__module__ = getattr(user_function, '__module__')
+                wrapper.__doc__ = getattr(user_function, '__doc__')
+                wrapper.__name__ = getattr(user_function, '__name__')
+                wrapper.__annotations__ = getattr(user_function, '__annotations__', {})
+                return wrapper
+
+            return decorating_function
+
+    class ChainMap(MutableMapping):
+        ''' A ChainMap groups multiple dicts (or other mappings) together
+        to create a single, updateable view.
+
+        The underlying mappings are stored in a list.  That list is public and can
+        accessed or updated using the *maps* attribute.  There is no other state.
+
+        Lookups search the underlying mappings successively until a key is found.
+        In contrast, writes, updates, and deletions only operate on the first
+        mapping.
+
+        '''
+
+        def __init__(self, *maps):
+            '''Initialize a ChainMap by setting *maps* to the given mappings.
+            If no mappings are provided, a single empty dictionary is used.
+
+            '''
+            self.maps = list(maps) or [{}]          # always at least one map
+
+        def __missing__(self, key):
+            raise KeyError(key)
+
+        def __getitem__(self, key):
+            for mapping in self.maps:
+                try:
+                    return mapping[key]             # can't use 'key in mapping' with defaultdict
+                except KeyError:
+                    pass
+            return self.__missing__(key)            # support subclasses that define __missing__
+
+        def get(self, key, default=None):
+            return self[key] if key in self else default
+
+        def __len__(self):
+            return len(set().union(*self.maps))     # reuses stored hash values if possible
+
+        def __iter__(self):
+            return iter(set().union(*self.maps))
+
+        def __contains__(self, key):
+            return any(key in m for m in self.maps)
+
+        def __bool__(self):
+            return any(self.maps)
+
+        @_recursive_repr()
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return '{0.__class__.__name__}({1})'.format(
+                self, ', '.join(map(repr, self.maps)))
+
+        @classmethod
+        def fromkeys(cls, iterable, *args):
+            'Create a ChainMap with a single dict created from the iterable.'
+            return cls(dict.fromkeys(iterable, *args))
+
+        def copy(self):
+            'New ChainMap or subclass with a new copy of maps[0] and refs to maps[1:]'
+            return self.__class__(self.maps[0].copy(), *self.maps[1:])
+
+        __copy__ = copy
+
+        def new_child(self):                        # like Django's Context.push()
+            'New ChainMap with a new dict followed by all previous maps.'
+            return self.__class__({}, *self.maps)
+
+        @property
+        def parents(self):                          # like Django's Context.pop()
+            'New ChainMap from maps[1:].'
+            return self.__class__(*self.maps[1:])
+
+        def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+            self.maps[0][key] = value
+
+        def __delitem__(self, key):
+            try:
+                del self.maps[0][key]
+            except KeyError:
+                raise KeyError('Key not found in the first mapping: {!r}'.format(key))
+
+        def popitem(self):
+            'Remove and return an item pair from maps[0]. Raise KeyError is maps[0] is empty.'
+            try:
+                return self.maps[0].popitem()
+            except KeyError:
+                raise KeyError('No keys found in the first mapping.')
+
+        def pop(self, key, *args):
+            'Remove *key* from maps[0] and return its value. Raise KeyError if *key* not in maps[0].'
+            try:
+                return self.maps[0].pop(key, *args)
+            except KeyError:
+                raise KeyError('Key not found in the first mapping: {!r}'.format(key))
+
+        def clear(self):
+            'Clear maps[0], leaving maps[1:] intact.'
+            self.maps[0].clear()
+
+try:
+    from importlib.util import cache_from_source  # Python >= 3.4
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    try:
+        from imp import cache_from_source
+    except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+        def cache_from_source(path, debug_override=None):
+            assert path.endswith('.py')
+            if debug_override is None:
+                debug_override = __debug__
+            if debug_override:
+                suffix = 'c'
+            else:
+                suffix = 'o'
+            return path + suffix
+
+try:
+    from collections import OrderedDict
+except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
+## {{{ http://code.activestate.com/recipes/576693/ (r9)
+# Backport of OrderedDict() class that runs on Python 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7 and pypy.
+# Passes Python2.7's test suite and incorporates all the latest updates.
+    try:
+        from thread import get_ident as _get_ident
+    except ImportError:
+        from dummy_thread import get_ident as _get_ident
+
+    try:
+        from _abcoll import KeysView, ValuesView, ItemsView
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+
+    class OrderedDict(dict):
+        'Dictionary that remembers insertion order'
+        # An inherited dict maps keys to values.
+        # The inherited dict provides __getitem__, __len__, __contains__, and get.
+        # The remaining methods are order-aware.
+        # Big-O running times for all methods are the same as for regular dictionaries.
+
+        # The internal self.__map dictionary maps keys to links in a doubly linked list.
+        # The circular doubly linked list starts and ends with a sentinel element.
+        # The sentinel element never gets deleted (this simplifies the algorithm).
+        # Each link is stored as a list of length three:  [PREV, NEXT, KEY].
+
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
+            '''Initialize an ordered dictionary.  Signature is the same as for
+            regular dictionaries, but keyword arguments are not recommended
+            because their insertion order is arbitrary.
+
+            '''
+            if len(args) > 1:
+                raise TypeError('expected at most 1 arguments, got %d' % len(args))
+            try:
+                self.__root
+            except AttributeError:
+                self.__root = root = []                     # sentinel node
+                root[:] = [root, root, None]
+                self.__map = {}
+            self.__update(*args, **kwds)
+
+        def __setitem__(self, key, value, dict_setitem=dict.__setitem__):
+            'od.__setitem__(i, y) <==> od[i]=y'
+            # Setting a new item creates a new link which goes at the end of the linked
+            # list, and the inherited dictionary is updated with the new key/value pair.
+            if key not in self:
+                root = self.__root
+                last = root[0]
+                last[1] = root[0] = self.__map[key] = [last, root, key]
+            dict_setitem(self, key, value)
+
+        def __delitem__(self, key, dict_delitem=dict.__delitem__):
+            'od.__delitem__(y) <==> del od[y]'
+            # Deleting an existing item uses self.__map to find the link which is
+            # then removed by updating the links in the predecessor and successor nodes.
+            dict_delitem(self, key)
+            link_prev, link_next, key = self.__map.pop(key)
+            link_prev[1] = link_next
+            link_next[0] = link_prev
+
+        def __iter__(self):
+            'od.__iter__() <==> iter(od)'
+            root = self.__root
+            curr = root[1]
+            while curr is not root:
+                yield curr[2]
+                curr = curr[1]
+
+        def __reversed__(self):
+            'od.__reversed__() <==> reversed(od)'
+            root = self.__root
+            curr = root[0]
+            while curr is not root:
+                yield curr[2]
+                curr = curr[0]
+
+        def clear(self):
+            'od.clear() -> None.  Remove all items from od.'
+            try:
+                for node in self.__map.itervalues():
+                    del node[:]
+                root = self.__root
+                root[:] = [root, root, None]
+                self.__map.clear()
+            except AttributeError:
+                pass
+            dict.clear(self)
+
+        def popitem(self, last=True):
+            '''od.popitem() -> (k, v), return and remove a (key, value) pair.
+            Pairs are returned in LIFO order if last is true or FIFO order if false.
+
+            '''
+            if not self:
+                raise KeyError('dictionary is empty')
+            root = self.__root
+            if last:
+                link = root[0]
+                link_prev = link[0]
+                link_prev[1] = root
+                root[0] = link_prev
+            else:
+                link = root[1]
+                link_next = link[1]
+                root[1] = link_next
+                link_next[0] = root
+            key = link[2]
+            del self.__map[key]
+            value = dict.pop(self, key)
+            return key, value
+
+        # -- the following methods do not depend on the internal structure --
+
+        def keys(self):
+            'od.keys() -> list of keys in od'
+            return list(self)
+
+        def values(self):
+            'od.values() -> list of values in od'
+            return [self[key] for key in self]
+
+        def items(self):
+            'od.items() -> list of (key, value) pairs in od'
+            return [(key, self[key]) for key in self]
+
+        def iterkeys(self):
+            'od.iterkeys() -> an iterator over the keys in od'
+            return iter(self)
+
+        def itervalues(self):
+            'od.itervalues -> an iterator over the values in od'
+            for k in self:
+                yield self[k]
+
+        def iteritems(self):
+            'od.iteritems -> an iterator over the (key, value) items in od'
+            for k in self:
+                yield (k, self[k])
+
+        def update(*args, **kwds):
+            '''od.update(E, **F) -> None.  Update od from dict/iterable E and F.
+
+            If E is a dict instance, does:           for k in E: od[k] = E[k]
+            If E has a .keys() method, does:         for k in E.keys(): od[k] = E[k]
+            Or if E is an iterable of items, does:   for k, v in E: od[k] = v
+            In either case, this is followed by:     for k, v in F.items(): od[k] = v
+
+            '''
+            if len(args) > 2:
+                raise TypeError('update() takes at most 2 positional '
+                                'arguments (%d given)' % (len(args),))
+            elif not args:
+                raise TypeError('update() takes at least 1 argument (0 given)')
+            self = args[0]
+            # Make progressively weaker assumptions about "other"
+            other = ()
+            if len(args) == 2:
+                other = args[1]
+            if isinstance(other, dict):
+                for key in other:
+                    self[key] = other[key]
+            elif hasattr(other, 'keys'):
+                for key in other.keys():
+                    self[key] = other[key]
+            else:
+                for key, value in other:
+                    self[key] = value
+            for key, value in kwds.items():
+                self[key] = value
+
+        __update = update  # let subclasses override update without breaking __init__
+
+        __marker = object()
+
+        def pop(self, key, default=__marker):
+            '''od.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.
+            If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised.
+
+            '''
+            if key in self:
+                result = self[key]
+                del self[key]
+                return result
+            if default is self.__marker:
+                raise KeyError(key)
+            return default
+
+        def setdefault(self, key, default=None):
+            'od.setdefault(k[,d]) -> od.get(k,d), also set od[k]=d if k not in od'
+            if key in self:
+                return self[key]
+            self[key] = default
+            return default
+
+        def __repr__(self, _repr_running=None):
+            'od.__repr__() <==> repr(od)'
+            if not _repr_running: _repr_running = {}
+            call_key = id(self), _get_ident()
+            if call_key in _repr_running:
+                return '...'
+            _repr_running[call_key] = 1
+            try:
+                if not self:
+                    return '%s()' % (self.__class__.__name__,)
+                return '%s(%r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.items())
+            finally:
+                del _repr_running[call_key]
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            'Return state information for pickling'
+            items = [[k, self[k]] for k in self]
+            inst_dict = vars(self).copy()
+            for k in vars(OrderedDict()):
+                inst_dict.pop(k, None)
+            if inst_dict:
+                return (self.__class__, (items,), inst_dict)
+            return self.__class__, (items,)
+
+        def copy(self):
+            'od.copy() -> a shallow copy of od'
+            return self.__class__(self)
+
+        @classmethod
+        def fromkeys(cls, iterable, value=None):
+            '''OD.fromkeys(S[, v]) -> New ordered dictionary with keys from S
+            and values equal to v (which defaults to None).
+
+            '''
+            d = cls()
+            for key in iterable:
+                d[key] = value
+            return d
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            '''od.__eq__(y) <==> od==y.  Comparison to another OD is order-sensitive
+            while comparison to a regular mapping is order-insensitive.
+
+            '''
+            if isinstance(other, OrderedDict):
+                return len(self)==len(other) and self.items() == other.items()
+            return dict.__eq__(self, other)
+
+        def __ne__(self, other):
+            return not self == other
+
+        # -- the following methods are only used in Python 2.7 --
+
+        def viewkeys(self):
+            "od.viewkeys() -> a set-like object providing a view on od's keys"
+            return KeysView(self)
+
+        def viewvalues(self):
+            "od.viewvalues() -> an object providing a view on od's values"
+            return ValuesView(self)
+
+        def viewitems(self):
+            "od.viewitems() -> a set-like object providing a view on od's items"
+            return ItemsView(self)
+
+try:
+    from logging.config import BaseConfigurator, valid_ident
+except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
+    IDENTIFIER = re.compile('^[a-z_][a-z0-9_]*$', re.I)
+
+
+    def valid_ident(s):
+        m = IDENTIFIER.match(s)
+        if not m:
+            raise ValueError('Not a valid Python identifier: %r' % s)
+        return True
+
+
+    # The ConvertingXXX classes are wrappers around standard Python containers,
+    # and they serve to convert any suitable values in the container. The
+    # conversion converts base dicts, lists and tuples to their wrapped
+    # equivalents, whereas strings which match a conversion format are converted
+    # appropriately.
+    #
+    # Each wrapper should have a configurator attribute holding the actual
+    # configurator to use for conversion.
+
+    class ConvertingDict(dict):
+        """A converting dictionary wrapper."""
+
+        def __getitem__(self, key):
+            value = dict.__getitem__(self, key)
+            result = self.configurator.convert(value)
+            #If the converted value is different, save for next time
+            if value is not result:
+                self[key] = result
+                if type(result) in (ConvertingDict, ConvertingList,
+                                    ConvertingTuple):
+                    result.parent = self
+                    result.key = key
+            return result
+
+        def get(self, key, default=None):
+            value = dict.get(self, key, default)
+            result = self.configurator.convert(value)
+            #If the converted value is different, save for next time
+            if value is not result:
+                self[key] = result
+                if type(result) in (ConvertingDict, ConvertingList,
+                                    ConvertingTuple):
+                    result.parent = self
+                    result.key = key
+            return result
+
+    def pop(self, key, default=None):
+        value = dict.pop(self, key, default)
+        result = self.configurator.convert(value)
+        if value is not result:
+            if type(result) in (ConvertingDict, ConvertingList,
+                                ConvertingTuple):
+                result.parent = self
+                result.key = key
+        return result
+
+    class ConvertingList(list):
+        """A converting list wrapper."""
+        def __getitem__(self, key):
+            value = list.__getitem__(self, key)
+            result = self.configurator.convert(value)
+            #If the converted value is different, save for next time
+            if value is not result:
+                self[key] = result
+                if type(result) in (ConvertingDict, ConvertingList,
+                                    ConvertingTuple):
+                    result.parent = self
+                    result.key = key
+            return result
+
+        def pop(self, idx=-1):
+            value = list.pop(self, idx)
+            result = self.configurator.convert(value)
+            if value is not result:
+                if type(result) in (ConvertingDict, ConvertingList,
+                                    ConvertingTuple):
+                    result.parent = self
+            return result
+
+    class ConvertingTuple(tuple):
+        """A converting tuple wrapper."""
+        def __getitem__(self, key):
+            value = tuple.__getitem__(self, key)
+            result = self.configurator.convert(value)
+            if value is not result:
+                if type(result) in (ConvertingDict, ConvertingList,
+                                    ConvertingTuple):
+                    result.parent = self
+                    result.key = key
+            return result
+
+    class BaseConfigurator(object):
+        """
+        The configurator base class which defines some useful defaults.
+        """
+
+        CONVERT_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^(?P<prefix>[a-z]+)://(?P<suffix>.*)$')
+
+        WORD_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^\s*(\w+)\s*')
+        DOT_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^\.\s*(\w+)\s*')
+        INDEX_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^\[\s*(\w+)\s*\]\s*')
+        DIGIT_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^\d+$')
+
+        value_converters = {
+            'ext' : 'ext_convert',
+            'cfg' : 'cfg_convert',
+        }
+
+        # We might want to use a different one, e.g. importlib
+        importer = staticmethod(__import__)
+
+        def __init__(self, config):
+            self.config = ConvertingDict(config)
+            self.config.configurator = self
+
+        def resolve(self, s):
+            """
+            Resolve strings to objects using standard import and attribute
+            syntax.
+            """
+            name = s.split('.')
+            used = name.pop(0)
+            try:
+                found = self.importer(used)
+                for frag in name:
+                    used += '.' + frag
+                    try:
+                        found = getattr(found, frag)
+                    except AttributeError:
+                        self.importer(used)
+                        found = getattr(found, frag)
+                return found
+            except ImportError:
+                e, tb = sys.exc_info()[1:]
+                v = ValueError('Cannot resolve %r: %s' % (s, e))
+                v.__cause__, v.__traceback__ = e, tb
+                raise v
+
+        def ext_convert(self, value):
+            """Default converter for the ext:// protocol."""
+            return self.resolve(value)
+
+        def cfg_convert(self, value):
+            """Default converter for the cfg:// protocol."""
+            rest = value
+            m = self.WORD_PATTERN.match(rest)
+            if m is None:
+                raise ValueError("Unable to convert %r" % value)
+            else:
+                rest = rest[m.end():]
+                d = self.config[m.groups()[0]]
+                #print d, rest
+                while rest:
+                    m = self.DOT_PATTERN.match(rest)
+                    if m:
+                        d = d[m.groups()[0]]
+                    else:
+                        m = self.INDEX_PATTERN.match(rest)
+                        if m:
+                            idx = m.groups()[0]
+                            if not self.DIGIT_PATTERN.match(idx):
+                                d = d[idx]
+                            else:
+                                try:
+                                    n = int(idx) # try as number first (most likely)
+                                    d = d[n]
+                                except TypeError:
+                                    d = d[idx]
+                    if m:
+                        rest = rest[m.end():]
+                    else:
+                        raise ValueError('Unable to convert '
+                                         '%r at %r' % (value, rest))
+            #rest should be empty
+            return d
+
+        def convert(self, value):
+            """
+            Convert values to an appropriate type. dicts, lists and tuples are
+            replaced by their converting alternatives. Strings are checked to
+            see if they have a conversion format and are converted if they do.
+            """
+            if not isinstance(value, ConvertingDict) and isinstance(value, dict):
+                value = ConvertingDict(value)
+                value.configurator = self
+            elif not isinstance(value, ConvertingList) and isinstance(value, list):
+                value = ConvertingList(value)
+                value.configurator = self
+            elif not isinstance(value, ConvertingTuple) and\
+                     isinstance(value, tuple):
+                value = ConvertingTuple(value)
+                value.configurator = self
+            elif isinstance(value, string_types):
+                m = self.CONVERT_PATTERN.match(value)
+                if m:
+                    d = m.groupdict()
+                    prefix = d['prefix']
+                    converter = self.value_converters.get(prefix, None)
+                    if converter:
+                        suffix = d['suffix']
+                        converter = getattr(self, converter)
+                        value = converter(suffix)
+            return value
+
+        def configure_custom(self, config):
+            """Configure an object with a user-supplied factory."""
+            c = config.pop('()')
+            if not callable(c):
+                c = self.resolve(c)
+            props = config.pop('.', None)
+            # Check for valid identifiers
+            kwargs = dict([(k, config[k]) for k in config if valid_ident(k)])
+            result = c(**kwargs)
+            if props:
+                for name, value in props.items():
+                    setattr(result, name, value)
+            return result
+
+        def as_tuple(self, value):
+            """Utility function which converts lists to tuples."""
+            if isinstance(value, list):
+                value = tuple(value)
+            return value
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/database.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/database.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a90c30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/database.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1339 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2017 The Python Software Foundation.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+"""PEP 376 implementation."""
+
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import base64
+import codecs
+import contextlib
+import hashlib
+import logging
+import os
+import posixpath
+import sys
+import zipimport
+
+from . import DistlibException, resources
+from .compat import StringIO
+from .version import get_scheme, UnsupportedVersionError
+from .metadata import (Metadata, METADATA_FILENAME, WHEEL_METADATA_FILENAME,
+                       LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME)
+from .util import (parse_requirement, cached_property, parse_name_and_version,
+                   read_exports, write_exports, CSVReader, CSVWriter)
+
+
+__all__ = ['Distribution', 'BaseInstalledDistribution',
+           'InstalledDistribution', 'EggInfoDistribution',
+           'DistributionPath']
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+EXPORTS_FILENAME = 'pydist-exports.json'
+COMMANDS_FILENAME = 'pydist-commands.json'
+
+DIST_FILES = ('INSTALLER', METADATA_FILENAME, 'RECORD', 'REQUESTED',
+              'RESOURCES', EXPORTS_FILENAME, 'SHARED')
+
+DISTINFO_EXT = '.dist-info'
+
+
+class _Cache(object):
+    """
+    A simple cache mapping names and .dist-info paths to distributions
+    """
+    def __init__(self):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance. There is normally one for each DistributionPath.
+        """
+        self.name = {}
+        self.path = {}
+        self.generated = False
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """
+        Clear the cache, setting it to its initial state.
+        """
+        self.name.clear()
+        self.path.clear()
+        self.generated = False
+
+    def add(self, dist):
+        """
+        Add a distribution to the cache.
+        :param dist: The distribution to add.
+        """
+        if dist.path not in self.path:
+            self.path[dist.path] = dist
+            self.name.setdefault(dist.key, []).append(dist)
+
+
+class DistributionPath(object):
+    """
+    Represents a set of distributions installed on a path (typically sys.path).
+    """
+    def __init__(self, path=None, include_egg=False):
+        """
+        Create an instance from a path, optionally including legacy (distutils/
+        setuptools/distribute) distributions.
+        :param path: The path to use, as a list of directories. If not specified,
+                     sys.path is used.
+        :param include_egg: If True, this instance will look for and return legacy
+                            distributions as well as those based on PEP 376.
+        """
+        if path is None:
+            path = sys.path
+        self.path = path
+        self._include_dist = True
+        self._include_egg = include_egg
+
+        self._cache = _Cache()
+        self._cache_egg = _Cache()
+        self._cache_enabled = True
+        self._scheme = get_scheme('default')
+
+    def _get_cache_enabled(self):
+        return self._cache_enabled
+
+    def _set_cache_enabled(self, value):
+        self._cache_enabled = value
+
+    cache_enabled = property(_get_cache_enabled, _set_cache_enabled)
+
+    def clear_cache(self):
+        """
+        Clears the internal cache.
+        """
+        self._cache.clear()
+        self._cache_egg.clear()
+
+
+    def _yield_distributions(self):
+        """
+        Yield .dist-info and/or .egg(-info) distributions.
+        """
+        # We need to check if we've seen some resources already, because on
+        # some Linux systems (e.g. some Debian/Ubuntu variants) there are
+        # symlinks which alias other files in the environment.
+        seen = set()
+        for path in self.path:
+            finder = resources.finder_for_path(path)
+            if finder is None:
+                continue
+            r = finder.find('')
+            if not r or not r.is_container:
+                continue
+            rset = sorted(r.resources)
+            for entry in rset:
+                r = finder.find(entry)
+                if not r or r.path in seen:
+                    continue
+                if self._include_dist and entry.endswith(DISTINFO_EXT):
+                    possible_filenames = [METADATA_FILENAME,
+                                          WHEEL_METADATA_FILENAME,
+                                          LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME]
+                    for metadata_filename in possible_filenames:
+                        metadata_path = posixpath.join(entry, metadata_filename)
+                        pydist = finder.find(metadata_path)
+                        if pydist:
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        continue
+
+                    with contextlib.closing(pydist.as_stream()) as stream:
+                        metadata = Metadata(fileobj=stream, scheme='legacy')
+                    logger.debug('Found %s', r.path)
+                    seen.add(r.path)
+                    yield new_dist_class(r.path, metadata=metadata,
+                                         env=self)
+                elif self._include_egg and entry.endswith(('.egg-info',
+                                                          '.egg')):
+                    logger.debug('Found %s', r.path)
+                    seen.add(r.path)
+                    yield old_dist_class(r.path, self)
+
+    def _generate_cache(self):
+        """
+        Scan the path for distributions and populate the cache with
+        those that are found.
+        """
+        gen_dist = not self._cache.generated
+        gen_egg = self._include_egg and not self._cache_egg.generated
+        if gen_dist or gen_egg:
+            for dist in self._yield_distributions():
+                if isinstance(dist, InstalledDistribution):
+                    self._cache.add(dist)
+                else:
+                    self._cache_egg.add(dist)
+
+            if gen_dist:
+                self._cache.generated = True
+            if gen_egg:
+                self._cache_egg.generated = True
+
+    @classmethod
+    def distinfo_dirname(cls, name, version):
+        """
+        The *name* and *version* parameters are converted into their
+        filename-escaped form, i.e. any ``'-'`` characters are replaced
+        with ``'_'`` other than the one in ``'dist-info'`` and the one
+        separating the name from the version number.
+
+        :parameter name: is converted to a standard distribution name by replacing
+                         any runs of non- alphanumeric characters with a single
+                         ``'-'``.
+        :type name: string
+        :parameter version: is converted to a standard version string. Spaces
+                            become dots, and all other non-alphanumeric characters
+                            (except dots) become dashes, with runs of multiple
+                            dashes condensed to a single dash.
+        :type version: string
+        :returns: directory name
+        :rtype: string"""
+        name = name.replace('-', '_')
+        return '-'.join([name, version]) + DISTINFO_EXT
+
+    def get_distributions(self):
+        """
+        Provides an iterator that looks for distributions and returns
+        :class:`InstalledDistribution` or
+        :class:`EggInfoDistribution` instances for each one of them.
+
+        :rtype: iterator of :class:`InstalledDistribution` and
+                :class:`EggInfoDistribution` instances
+        """
+        if not self._cache_enabled:
+            for dist in self._yield_distributions():
+                yield dist
+        else:
+            self._generate_cache()
+
+            for dist in self._cache.path.values():
+                yield dist
+
+            if self._include_egg:
+                for dist in self._cache_egg.path.values():
+                    yield dist
+
+    def get_distribution(self, name):
+        """
+        Looks for a named distribution on the path.
+
+        This function only returns the first result found, as no more than one
+        value is expected. If nothing is found, ``None`` is returned.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`InstalledDistribution`, :class:`EggInfoDistribution`
+                or ``None``
+        """
+        result = None
+        name = name.lower()
+        if not self._cache_enabled:
+            for dist in self._yield_distributions():
+                if dist.key == name:
+                    result = dist
+                    break
+        else:
+            self._generate_cache()
+
+            if name in self._cache.name:
+                result = self._cache.name[name][0]
+            elif self._include_egg and name in self._cache_egg.name:
+                result = self._cache_egg.name[name][0]
+        return result
+
+    def provides_distribution(self, name, version=None):
+        """
+        Iterates over all distributions to find which distributions provide *name*.
+        If a *version* is provided, it will be used to filter the results.
+
+        This function only returns the first result found, since no more than
+        one values are expected. If the directory is not found, returns ``None``.
+
+        :parameter version: a version specifier that indicates the version
+                            required, conforming to the format in ``PEP-345``
+
+        :type name: string
+        :type version: string
+        """
+        matcher = None
+        if version is not None:
+            try:
+                matcher = self._scheme.matcher('%s (%s)' % (name, version))
+            except ValueError:
+                raise DistlibException('invalid name or version: %r, %r' %
+                                      (name, version))
+
+        for dist in self.get_distributions():
+            # We hit a problem on Travis where enum34 was installed and doesn't
+            # have a provides attribute ...
+            if not hasattr(dist, 'provides'):
+                logger.debug('No "provides": %s', dist)
+            else:
+                provided = dist.provides
+
+                for p in provided:
+                    p_name, p_ver = parse_name_and_version(p)
+                    if matcher is None:
+                        if p_name == name:
+                            yield dist
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        if p_name == name and matcher.match(p_ver):
+                            yield dist
+                            break
+
+    def get_file_path(self, name, relative_path):
+        """
+        Return the path to a resource file.
+        """
+        dist = self.get_distribution(name)
+        if dist is None:
+            raise LookupError('no distribution named %r found' % name)
+        return dist.get_resource_path(relative_path)
+
+    def get_exported_entries(self, category, name=None):
+        """
+        Return all of the exported entries in a particular category.
+
+        :param category: The category to search for entries.
+        :param name: If specified, only entries with that name are returned.
+        """
+        for dist in self.get_distributions():
+            r = dist.exports
+            if category in r:
+                d = r[category]
+                if name is not None:
+                    if name in d:
+                        yield d[name]
+                else:
+                    for v in d.values():
+                        yield v
+
+
+class Distribution(object):
+    """
+    A base class for distributions, whether installed or from indexes.
+    Either way, it must have some metadata, so that's all that's needed
+    for construction.
+    """
+
+    build_time_dependency = False
+    """
+    Set to True if it's known to be only a build-time dependency (i.e.
+    not needed after installation).
+    """
+
+    requested = False
+    """A boolean that indicates whether the ``REQUESTED`` metadata file is
+    present (in other words, whether the package was installed by user
+    request or it was installed as a dependency)."""
+
+    def __init__(self, metadata):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+        :param metadata: The instance of :class:`Metadata` describing this
+        distribution.
+        """
+        self.metadata = metadata
+        self.name = metadata.name
+        self.key = self.name.lower()    # for case-insensitive comparisons
+        self.version = metadata.version
+        self.locator = None
+        self.digest = None
+        self.extras = None      # additional features requested
+        self.context = None     # environment marker overrides
+        self.download_urls = set()
+        self.digests = {}
+
+    @property
+    def source_url(self):
+        """
+        The source archive download URL for this distribution.
+        """
+        return self.metadata.source_url
+
+    download_url = source_url   # Backward compatibility
+
+    @property
+    def name_and_version(self):
+        """
+        A utility property which displays the name and version in parentheses.
+        """
+        return '%s (%s)' % (self.name, self.version)
+
+    @property
+    def provides(self):
+        """
+        A set of distribution names and versions provided by this distribution.
+        :return: A set of "name (version)" strings.
+        """
+        plist = self.metadata.provides
+        s = '%s (%s)' % (self.name, self.version)
+        if s not in plist:
+            plist.append(s)
+        return plist
+
+    def _get_requirements(self, req_attr):
+        md = self.metadata
+        logger.debug('Getting requirements from metadata %r', md.todict())
+        reqts = getattr(md, req_attr)
+        return set(md.get_requirements(reqts, extras=self.extras,
+                                       env=self.context))
+
+    @property
+    def run_requires(self):
+        return self._get_requirements('run_requires')
+
+    @property
+    def meta_requires(self):
+        return self._get_requirements('meta_requires')
+
+    @property
+    def build_requires(self):
+        return self._get_requirements('build_requires')
+
+    @property
+    def test_requires(self):
+        return self._get_requirements('test_requires')
+
+    @property
+    def dev_requires(self):
+        return self._get_requirements('dev_requires')
+
+    def matches_requirement(self, req):
+        """
+        Say if this instance matches (fulfills) a requirement.
+        :param req: The requirement to match.
+        :rtype req: str
+        :return: True if it matches, else False.
+        """
+        # Requirement may contain extras - parse to lose those
+        # from what's passed to the matcher
+        r = parse_requirement(req)
+        scheme = get_scheme(self.metadata.scheme)
+        try:
+            matcher = scheme.matcher(r.requirement)
+        except UnsupportedVersionError:
+            # XXX compat-mode if cannot read the version
+            logger.warning('could not read version %r - using name only',
+                           req)
+            name = req.split()[0]
+            matcher = scheme.matcher(name)
+
+        name = matcher.key   # case-insensitive
+
+        result = False
+        for p in self.provides:
+            p_name, p_ver = parse_name_and_version(p)
+            if p_name != name:
+                continue
+            try:
+                result = matcher.match(p_ver)
+                break
+            except UnsupportedVersionError:
+                pass
+        return result
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """
+        Return a textual representation of this instance,
+        """
+        if self.source_url:
+            suffix = ' [%s]' % self.source_url
+        else:
+            suffix = ''
+        return '<Distribution %s (%s)%s>' % (self.name, self.version, suffix)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """
+        See if this distribution is the same as another.
+        :param other: The distribution to compare with. To be equal to one
+                      another. distributions must have the same type, name,
+                      version and source_url.
+        :return: True if it is the same, else False.
+        """
+        if type(other) is not type(self):
+            result = False
+        else:
+            result = (self.name == other.name and
+                      self.version == other.version and
+                      self.source_url == other.source_url)
+        return result
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        """
+        Compute hash in a way which matches the equality test.
+        """
+        return hash(self.name) + hash(self.version) + hash(self.source_url)
+
+
+class BaseInstalledDistribution(Distribution):
+    """
+    This is the base class for installed distributions (whether PEP 376 or
+    legacy).
+    """
+
+    hasher = None
+
+    def __init__(self, metadata, path, env=None):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+        :param metadata: An instance of :class:`Metadata` which describes the
+                         distribution. This will normally have been initialised
+                         from a metadata file in the ``path``.
+        :param path:     The path of the ``.dist-info`` or ``.egg-info``
+                         directory for the distribution.
+        :param env:      This is normally the :class:`DistributionPath`
+                         instance where this distribution was found.
+        """
+        super(BaseInstalledDistribution, self).__init__(metadata)
+        self.path = path
+        self.dist_path = env
+
+    def get_hash(self, data, hasher=None):
+        """
+        Get the hash of some data, using a particular hash algorithm, if
+        specified.
+
+        :param data: The data to be hashed.
+        :type data: bytes
+        :param hasher: The name of a hash implementation, supported by hashlib,
+                       or ``None``. Examples of valid values are ``'sha1'``,
+                       ``'sha224'``, ``'sha384'``, '``sha256'``, ``'md5'`` and
+                       ``'sha512'``. If no hasher is specified, the ``hasher``
+                       attribute of the :class:`InstalledDistribution` instance
+                       is used. If the hasher is determined to be ``None``, MD5
+                       is used as the hashing algorithm.
+        :returns: The hash of the data. If a hasher was explicitly specified,
+                  the returned hash will be prefixed with the specified hasher
+                  followed by '='.
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        if hasher is None:
+            hasher = self.hasher
+        if hasher is None:
+            hasher = hashlib.md5
+            prefix = ''
+        else:
+            hasher = getattr(hashlib, hasher)
+            prefix = '%s=' % self.hasher
+        digest = hasher(data).digest()
+        digest = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(digest).rstrip(b'=').decode('ascii')
+        return '%s%s' % (prefix, digest)
+
+
+class InstalledDistribution(BaseInstalledDistribution):
+    """
+    Created with the *path* of the ``.dist-info`` directory provided to the
+    constructor. It reads the metadata contained in ``pydist.json`` when it is
+    instantiated., or uses a passed in Metadata instance (useful for when
+    dry-run mode is being used).
+    """
+
+    hasher = 'sha256'
+
+    def __init__(self, path, metadata=None, env=None):
+        self.modules = []
+        self.finder = finder = resources.finder_for_path(path)
+        if finder is None:
+            raise ValueError('finder unavailable for %s' % path)
+        if env and env._cache_enabled and path in env._cache.path:
+            metadata = env._cache.path[path].metadata
+        elif metadata is None:
+            r = finder.find(METADATA_FILENAME)
+            # Temporary - for Wheel 0.23 support
+            if r is None:
+                r = finder.find(WHEEL_METADATA_FILENAME)
+            # Temporary - for legacy support
+            if r is None:
+                r = finder.find(LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME)
+            if r is None:
+                raise ValueError('no %s found in %s' % (METADATA_FILENAME,
+                                                        path))
+            with contextlib.closing(r.as_stream()) as stream:
+                metadata = Metadata(fileobj=stream, scheme='legacy')
+
+        super(InstalledDistribution, self).__init__(metadata, path, env)
+
+        if env and env._cache_enabled:
+            env._cache.add(self)
+
+        r = finder.find('REQUESTED')
+        self.requested = r is not None
+        p  = os.path.join(path, 'top_level.txt')
+        if os.path.exists(p):
+            with open(p, 'rb') as f:
+                data = f.read().decode('utf-8')
+            self.modules = data.splitlines()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<InstalledDistribution %r %s at %r>' % (
+            self.name, self.version, self.path)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "%s %s" % (self.name, self.version)
+
+    def _get_records(self):
+        """
+        Get the list of installed files for the distribution
+        :return: A list of tuples of path, hash and size. Note that hash and
+                 size might be ``None`` for some entries. The path is exactly
+                 as stored in the file (which is as in PEP 376).
+        """
+        results = []
+        r = self.get_distinfo_resource('RECORD')
+        with contextlib.closing(r.as_stream()) as stream:
+            with CSVReader(stream=stream) as record_reader:
+                # Base location is parent dir of .dist-info dir
+                #base_location = os.path.dirname(self.path)
+                #base_location = os.path.abspath(base_location)
+                for row in record_reader:
+                    missing = [None for i in range(len(row), 3)]
+                    path, checksum, size = row + missing
+                    #if not os.path.isabs(path):
+                    #    path = path.replace('/', os.sep)
+                    #    path = os.path.join(base_location, path)
+                    results.append((path, checksum, size))
+        return results
+
+    @cached_property
+    def exports(self):
+        """
+        Return the information exported by this distribution.
+        :return: A dictionary of exports, mapping an export category to a dict
+                 of :class:`ExportEntry` instances describing the individual
+                 export entries, and keyed by name.
+        """
+        result = {}
+        r = self.get_distinfo_resource(EXPORTS_FILENAME)
+        if r:
+            result = self.read_exports()
+        return result
+
+    def read_exports(self):
+        """
+        Read exports data from a file in .ini format.
+
+        :return: A dictionary of exports, mapping an export category to a list
+                 of :class:`ExportEntry` instances describing the individual
+                 export entries.
+        """
+        result = {}
+        r = self.get_distinfo_resource(EXPORTS_FILENAME)
+        if r:
+            with contextlib.closing(r.as_stream()) as stream:
+                result = read_exports(stream)
+        return result
+
+    def write_exports(self, exports):
+        """
+        Write a dictionary of exports to a file in .ini format.
+        :param exports: A dictionary of exports, mapping an export category to
+                        a list of :class:`ExportEntry` instances describing the
+                        individual export entries.
+        """
+        rf = self.get_distinfo_file(EXPORTS_FILENAME)
+        with open(rf, 'w') as f:
+            write_exports(exports, f)
+
+    def get_resource_path(self, relative_path):
+        """
+        NOTE: This API may change in the future.
+
+        Return the absolute path to a resource file with the given relative
+        path.
+
+        :param relative_path: The path, relative to .dist-info, of the resource
+                              of interest.
+        :return: The absolute path where the resource is to be found.
+        """
+        r = self.get_distinfo_resource('RESOURCES')
+        with contextlib.closing(r.as_stream()) as stream:
+            with CSVReader(stream=stream) as resources_reader:
+                for relative, destination in resources_reader:
+                    if relative == relative_path:
+                        return destination
+        raise KeyError('no resource file with relative path %r '
+                       'is installed' % relative_path)
+
+    def list_installed_files(self):
+        """
+        Iterates over the ``RECORD`` entries and returns a tuple
+        ``(path, hash, size)`` for each line.
+
+        :returns: iterator of (path, hash, size)
+        """
+        for result in self._get_records():
+            yield result
+
+    def write_installed_files(self, paths, prefix, dry_run=False):
+        """
+        Writes the ``RECORD`` file, using the ``paths`` iterable passed in. Any
+        existing ``RECORD`` file is silently overwritten.
+
+        prefix is used to determine when to write absolute paths.
+        """
+        prefix = os.path.join(prefix, '')
+        base = os.path.dirname(self.path)
+        base_under_prefix = base.startswith(prefix)
+        base = os.path.join(base, '')
+        record_path = self.get_distinfo_file('RECORD')
+        logger.info('creating %s', record_path)
+        if dry_run:
+            return None
+        with CSVWriter(record_path) as writer:
+            for path in paths:
+                if os.path.isdir(path) or path.endswith(('.pyc', '.pyo')):
+                    # do not put size and hash, as in PEP-376
+                    hash_value = size = ''
+                else:
+                    size = '%d' % os.path.getsize(path)
+                    with open(path, 'rb') as fp:
+                        hash_value = self.get_hash(fp.read())
+                if path.startswith(base) or (base_under_prefix and
+                                             path.startswith(prefix)):
+                    path = os.path.relpath(path, base)
+                writer.writerow((path, hash_value, size))
+
+            # add the RECORD file itself
+            if record_path.startswith(base):
+                record_path = os.path.relpath(record_path, base)
+            writer.writerow((record_path, '', ''))
+        return record_path
+
+    def check_installed_files(self):
+        """
+        Checks that the hashes and sizes of the files in ``RECORD`` are
+        matched by the files themselves. Returns a (possibly empty) list of
+        mismatches. Each entry in the mismatch list will be a tuple consisting
+        of the path, 'exists', 'size' or 'hash' according to what didn't match
+        (existence is checked first, then size, then hash), the expected
+        value and the actual value.
+        """
+        mismatches = []
+        base = os.path.dirname(self.path)
+        record_path = self.get_distinfo_file('RECORD')
+        for path, hash_value, size in self.list_installed_files():
+            if not os.path.isabs(path):
+                path = os.path.join(base, path)
+            if path == record_path:
+                continue
+            if not os.path.exists(path):
+                mismatches.append((path, 'exists', True, False))
+            elif os.path.isfile(path):
+                actual_size = str(os.path.getsize(path))
+                if size and actual_size != size:
+                    mismatches.append((path, 'size', size, actual_size))
+                elif hash_value:
+                    if '=' in hash_value:
+                        hasher = hash_value.split('=', 1)[0]
+                    else:
+                        hasher = None
+
+                    with open(path, 'rb') as f:
+                        actual_hash = self.get_hash(f.read(), hasher)
+                        if actual_hash != hash_value:
+                            mismatches.append((path, 'hash', hash_value, actual_hash))
+        return mismatches
+
+    @cached_property
+    def shared_locations(self):
+        """
+        A dictionary of shared locations whose keys are in the set 'prefix',
+        'purelib', 'platlib', 'scripts', 'headers', 'data' and 'namespace'.
+        The corresponding value is the absolute path of that category for
+        this distribution, and takes into account any paths selected by the
+        user at installation time (e.g. via command-line arguments). In the
+        case of the 'namespace' key, this would be a list of absolute paths
+        for the roots of namespace packages in this distribution.
+
+        The first time this property is accessed, the relevant information is
+        read from the SHARED file in the .dist-info directory.
+        """
+        result = {}
+        shared_path = os.path.join(self.path, 'SHARED')
+        if os.path.isfile(shared_path):
+            with codecs.open(shared_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                lines = f.read().splitlines()
+            for line in lines:
+                key, value = line.split('=', 1)
+                if key == 'namespace':
+                    result.setdefault(key, []).append(value)
+                else:
+                    result[key] = value
+        return result
+
+    def write_shared_locations(self, paths, dry_run=False):
+        """
+        Write shared location information to the SHARED file in .dist-info.
+        :param paths: A dictionary as described in the documentation for
+        :meth:`shared_locations`.
+        :param dry_run: If True, the action is logged but no file is actually
+                        written.
+        :return: The path of the file written to.
+        """
+        shared_path = os.path.join(self.path, 'SHARED')
+        logger.info('creating %s', shared_path)
+        if dry_run:
+            return None
+        lines = []
+        for key in ('prefix', 'lib', 'headers', 'scripts', 'data'):
+            path = paths[key]
+            if os.path.isdir(paths[key]):
+                lines.append('%s=%s' % (key,  path))
+        for ns in paths.get('namespace', ()):
+            lines.append('namespace=%s' % ns)
+
+        with codecs.open(shared_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            f.write('\n'.join(lines))
+        return shared_path
+
+    def get_distinfo_resource(self, path):
+        if path not in DIST_FILES:
+            raise DistlibException('invalid path for a dist-info file: '
+                                   '%r at %r' % (path, self.path))
+        finder = resources.finder_for_path(self.path)
+        if finder is None:
+            raise DistlibException('Unable to get a finder for %s' % self.path)
+        return finder.find(path)
+
+    def get_distinfo_file(self, path):
+        """
+        Returns a path located under the ``.dist-info`` directory. Returns a
+        string representing the path.
+
+        :parameter path: a ``'/'``-separated path relative to the
+                         ``.dist-info`` directory or an absolute path;
+                         If *path* is an absolute path and doesn't start
+                         with the ``.dist-info`` directory path,
+                         a :class:`DistlibException` is raised
+        :type path: str
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        # Check if it is an absolute path  # XXX use relpath, add tests
+        if path.find(os.sep) >= 0:
+            # it's an absolute path?
+            distinfo_dirname, path = path.split(os.sep)[-2:]
+            if distinfo_dirname != self.path.split(os.sep)[-1]:
+                raise DistlibException(
+                    'dist-info file %r does not belong to the %r %s '
+                    'distribution' % (path, self.name, self.version))
+
+        # The file must be relative
+        if path not in DIST_FILES:
+            raise DistlibException('invalid path for a dist-info file: '
+                                   '%r at %r' % (path, self.path))
+
+        return os.path.join(self.path, path)
+
+    def list_distinfo_files(self):
+        """
+        Iterates over the ``RECORD`` entries and returns paths for each line if
+        the path is pointing to a file located in the ``.dist-info`` directory
+        or one of its subdirectories.
+
+        :returns: iterator of paths
+        """
+        base = os.path.dirname(self.path)
+        for path, checksum, size in self._get_records():
+            # XXX add separator or use real relpath algo
+            if not os.path.isabs(path):
+                path = os.path.join(base, path)
+            if path.startswith(self.path):
+                yield path
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return (isinstance(other, InstalledDistribution) and
+                self.path == other.path)
+
+    # See http://docs.python.org/reference/datamodel#object.__hash__
+    __hash__ = object.__hash__
+
+
+class EggInfoDistribution(BaseInstalledDistribution):
+    """Created with the *path* of the ``.egg-info`` directory or file provided
+    to the constructor. It reads the metadata contained in the file itself, or
+    if the given path happens to be a directory, the metadata is read from the
+    file ``PKG-INFO`` under that directory."""
+
+    requested = True    # as we have no way of knowing, assume it was
+    shared_locations = {}
+
+    def __init__(self, path, env=None):
+        def set_name_and_version(s, n, v):
+            s.name = n
+            s.key = n.lower()   # for case-insensitive comparisons
+            s.version = v
+
+        self.path = path
+        self.dist_path = env
+        if env and env._cache_enabled and path in env._cache_egg.path:
+            metadata = env._cache_egg.path[path].metadata
+            set_name_and_version(self, metadata.name, metadata.version)
+        else:
+            metadata = self._get_metadata(path)
+
+            # Need to be set before caching
+            set_name_and_version(self, metadata.name, metadata.version)
+
+            if env and env._cache_enabled:
+                env._cache_egg.add(self)
+        super(EggInfoDistribution, self).__init__(metadata, path, env)
+
+    def _get_metadata(self, path):
+        requires = None
+
+        def parse_requires_data(data):
+            """Create a list of dependencies from a requires.txt file.
+
+            *data*: the contents of a setuptools-produced requires.txt file.
+            """
+            reqs = []
+            lines = data.splitlines()
+            for line in lines:
+                line = line.strip()
+                if line.startswith('['):
+                    logger.warning('Unexpected line: quitting requirement scan: %r',
+                                   line)
+                    break
+                r = parse_requirement(line)
+                if not r:
+                    logger.warning('Not recognised as a requirement: %r', line)
+                    continue
+                if r.extras:
+                    logger.warning('extra requirements in requires.txt are '
+                                   'not supported')
+                if not r.constraints:
+                    reqs.append(r.name)
+                else:
+                    cons = ', '.join('%s%s' % c for c in r.constraints)
+                    reqs.append('%s (%s)' % (r.name, cons))
+            return reqs
+
+        def parse_requires_path(req_path):
+            """Create a list of dependencies from a requires.txt file.
+
+            *req_path*: the path to a setuptools-produced requires.txt file.
+            """
+
+            reqs = []
+            try:
+                with codecs.open(req_path, 'r', 'utf-8') as fp:
+                    reqs = parse_requires_data(fp.read())
+            except IOError:
+                pass
+            return reqs
+
+        tl_path = tl_data = None
+        if path.endswith('.egg'):
+            if os.path.isdir(path):
+                p = os.path.join(path, 'EGG-INFO')
+                meta_path = os.path.join(p, 'PKG-INFO')
+                metadata = Metadata(path=meta_path, scheme='legacy')
+                req_path = os.path.join(p, 'requires.txt')
+                tl_path = os.path.join(p, 'top_level.txt')
+                requires = parse_requires_path(req_path)
+            else:
+                # FIXME handle the case where zipfile is not available
+                zipf = zipimport.zipimporter(path)
+                fileobj = StringIO(
+                    zipf.get_data('EGG-INFO/PKG-INFO').decode('utf8'))
+                metadata = Metadata(fileobj=fileobj, scheme='legacy')
+                try:
+                    data = zipf.get_data('EGG-INFO/requires.txt')
+                    tl_data = zipf.get_data('EGG-INFO/top_level.txt').decode('utf-8')
+                    requires = parse_requires_data(data.decode('utf-8'))
+                except IOError:
+                    requires = None
+        elif path.endswith('.egg-info'):
+            if os.path.isdir(path):
+                req_path = os.path.join(path, 'requires.txt')
+                requires = parse_requires_path(req_path)
+                path = os.path.join(path, 'PKG-INFO')
+                tl_path = os.path.join(path, 'top_level.txt')
+            metadata = Metadata(path=path, scheme='legacy')
+        else:
+            raise DistlibException('path must end with .egg-info or .egg, '
+                                   'got %r' % path)
+
+        if requires:
+            metadata.add_requirements(requires)
+        # look for top-level modules in top_level.txt, if present
+        if tl_data is None:
+            if tl_path is not None and os.path.exists(tl_path):
+                with open(tl_path, 'rb') as f:
+                    tl_data = f.read().decode('utf-8')
+        if not tl_data:
+            tl_data = []
+        else:
+            tl_data = tl_data.splitlines()
+        self.modules = tl_data
+        return metadata
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<EggInfoDistribution %r %s at %r>' % (
+            self.name, self.version, self.path)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "%s %s" % (self.name, self.version)
+
+    def check_installed_files(self):
+        """
+        Checks that the hashes and sizes of the files in ``RECORD`` are
+        matched by the files themselves. Returns a (possibly empty) list of
+        mismatches. Each entry in the mismatch list will be a tuple consisting
+        of the path, 'exists', 'size' or 'hash' according to what didn't match
+        (existence is checked first, then size, then hash), the expected
+        value and the actual value.
+        """
+        mismatches = []
+        record_path = os.path.join(self.path, 'installed-files.txt')
+        if os.path.exists(record_path):
+            for path, _, _ in self.list_installed_files():
+                if path == record_path:
+                    continue
+                if not os.path.exists(path):
+                    mismatches.append((path, 'exists', True, False))
+        return mismatches
+
+    def list_installed_files(self):
+        """
+        Iterates over the ``installed-files.txt`` entries and returns a tuple
+        ``(path, hash, size)`` for each line.
+
+        :returns: a list of (path, hash, size)
+        """
+
+        def _md5(path):
+            f = open(path, 'rb')
+            try:
+                content = f.read()
+            finally:
+                f.close()
+            return hashlib.md5(content).hexdigest()
+
+        def _size(path):
+            return os.stat(path).st_size
+
+        record_path = os.path.join(self.path, 'installed-files.txt')
+        result = []
+        if os.path.exists(record_path):
+            with codecs.open(record_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    line = line.strip()
+                    p = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(self.path, line))
+                    # "./" is present as a marker between installed files
+                    # and installation metadata files
+                    if not os.path.exists(p):
+                        logger.warning('Non-existent file: %s', p)
+                        if p.endswith(('.pyc', '.pyo')):
+                            continue
+                        #otherwise fall through and fail
+                    if not os.path.isdir(p):
+                        result.append((p, _md5(p), _size(p)))
+            result.append((record_path, None, None))
+        return result
+
+    def list_distinfo_files(self, absolute=False):
+        """
+        Iterates over the ``installed-files.txt`` entries and returns paths for
+        each line if the path is pointing to a file located in the
+        ``.egg-info`` directory or one of its subdirectories.
+
+        :parameter absolute: If *absolute* is ``True``, each returned path is
+                          transformed into a local absolute path. Otherwise the
+                          raw value from ``installed-files.txt`` is returned.
+        :type absolute: boolean
+        :returns: iterator of paths
+        """
+        record_path = os.path.join(self.path, 'installed-files.txt')
+        if os.path.exists(record_path):
+            skip = True
+            with codecs.open(record_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    line = line.strip()
+                    if line == './':
+                        skip = False
+                        continue
+                    if not skip:
+                        p = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(self.path, line))
+                        if p.startswith(self.path):
+                            if absolute:
+                                yield p
+                            else:
+                                yield line
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return (isinstance(other, EggInfoDistribution) and
+                self.path == other.path)
+
+    # See http://docs.python.org/reference/datamodel#object.__hash__
+    __hash__ = object.__hash__
+
+new_dist_class = InstalledDistribution
+old_dist_class = EggInfoDistribution
+
+
+class DependencyGraph(object):
+    """
+    Represents a dependency graph between distributions.
+
+    The dependency relationships are stored in an ``adjacency_list`` that maps
+    distributions to a list of ``(other, label)`` tuples where  ``other``
+    is a distribution and the edge is labeled with ``label`` (i.e. the version
+    specifier, if such was provided). Also, for more efficient traversal, for
+    every distribution ``x``, a list of predecessors is kept in
+    ``reverse_list[x]``. An edge from distribution ``a`` to
+    distribution ``b`` means that ``a`` depends on ``b``. If any missing
+    dependencies are found, they are stored in ``missing``, which is a
+    dictionary that maps distributions to a list of requirements that were not
+    provided by any other distributions.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.adjacency_list = {}
+        self.reverse_list = {}
+        self.missing = {}
+
+    def add_distribution(self, distribution):
+        """Add the *distribution* to the graph.
+
+        :type distribution: :class:`distutils2.database.InstalledDistribution`
+                            or :class:`distutils2.database.EggInfoDistribution`
+        """
+        self.adjacency_list[distribution] = []
+        self.reverse_list[distribution] = []
+        #self.missing[distribution] = []
+
+    def add_edge(self, x, y, label=None):
+        """Add an edge from distribution *x* to distribution *y* with the given
+        *label*.
+
+        :type x: :class:`distutils2.database.InstalledDistribution` or
+                 :class:`distutils2.database.EggInfoDistribution`
+        :type y: :class:`distutils2.database.InstalledDistribution` or
+                 :class:`distutils2.database.EggInfoDistribution`
+        :type label: ``str`` or ``None``
+        """
+        self.adjacency_list[x].append((y, label))
+        # multiple edges are allowed, so be careful
+        if x not in self.reverse_list[y]:
+            self.reverse_list[y].append(x)
+
+    def add_missing(self, distribution, requirement):
+        """
+        Add a missing *requirement* for the given *distribution*.
+
+        :type distribution: :class:`distutils2.database.InstalledDistribution`
+                            or :class:`distutils2.database.EggInfoDistribution`
+        :type requirement: ``str``
+        """
+        logger.debug('%s missing %r', distribution, requirement)
+        self.missing.setdefault(distribution, []).append(requirement)
+
+    def _repr_dist(self, dist):
+        return '%s %s' % (dist.name, dist.version)
+
+    def repr_node(self, dist, level=1):
+        """Prints only a subgraph"""
+        output = [self._repr_dist(dist)]
+        for other, label in self.adjacency_list[dist]:
+            dist = self._repr_dist(other)
+            if label is not None:
+                dist = '%s [%s]' % (dist, label)
+            output.append('    ' * level + str(dist))
+            suboutput = self.repr_node(other, level + 1)
+            subs = suboutput.split('\n')
+            output.extend(subs[1:])
+        return '\n'.join(output)
+
+    def to_dot(self, f, skip_disconnected=True):
+        """Writes a DOT output for the graph to the provided file *f*.
+
+        If *skip_disconnected* is set to ``True``, then all distributions
+        that are not dependent on any other distribution are skipped.
+
+        :type f: has to support ``file``-like operations
+        :type skip_disconnected: ``bool``
+        """
+        disconnected = []
+
+        f.write("digraph dependencies {\n")
+        for dist, adjs in self.adjacency_list.items():
+            if len(adjs) == 0 and not skip_disconnected:
+                disconnected.append(dist)
+            for other, label in adjs:
+                if not label is None:
+                    f.write('"%s" -> "%s" [label="%s"]\n' %
+                            (dist.name, other.name, label))
+                else:
+                    f.write('"%s" -> "%s"\n' % (dist.name, other.name))
+        if not skip_disconnected and len(disconnected) > 0:
+            f.write('subgraph disconnected {\n')
+            f.write('label = "Disconnected"\n')
+            f.write('bgcolor = red\n')
+
+            for dist in disconnected:
+                f.write('"%s"' % dist.name)
+                f.write('\n')
+            f.write('}\n')
+        f.write('}\n')
+
+    def topological_sort(self):
+        """
+        Perform a topological sort of the graph.
+        :return: A tuple, the first element of which is a topologically sorted
+                 list of distributions, and the second element of which is a
+                 list of distributions that cannot be sorted because they have
+                 circular dependencies and so form a cycle.
+        """
+        result = []
+        # Make a shallow copy of the adjacency list
+        alist = {}
+        for k, v in self.adjacency_list.items():
+            alist[k] = v[:]
+        while True:
+            # See what we can remove in this run
+            to_remove = []
+            for k, v in list(alist.items())[:]:
+                if not v:
+                    to_remove.append(k)
+                    del alist[k]
+            if not to_remove:
+                # What's left in alist (if anything) is a cycle.
+                break
+            # Remove from the adjacency list of others
+            for k, v in alist.items():
+                alist[k] = [(d, r) for d, r in v if d not in to_remove]
+            logger.debug('Moving to result: %s',
+                         ['%s (%s)' % (d.name, d.version) for d in to_remove])
+            result.extend(to_remove)
+        return result, list(alist.keys())
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """Representation of the graph"""
+        output = []
+        for dist, adjs in self.adjacency_list.items():
+            output.append(self.repr_node(dist))
+        return '\n'.join(output)
+
+
+def make_graph(dists, scheme='default'):
+    """Makes a dependency graph from the given distributions.
+
+    :parameter dists: a list of distributions
+    :type dists: list of :class:`distutils2.database.InstalledDistribution` and
+                 :class:`distutils2.database.EggInfoDistribution` instances
+    :rtype: a :class:`DependencyGraph` instance
+    """
+    scheme = get_scheme(scheme)
+    graph = DependencyGraph()
+    provided = {}  # maps names to lists of (version, dist) tuples
+
+    # first, build the graph and find out what's provided
+    for dist in dists:
+        graph.add_distribution(dist)
+
+        for p in dist.provides:
+            name, version = parse_name_and_version(p)
+            logger.debug('Add to provided: %s, %s, %s', name, version, dist)
+            provided.setdefault(name, []).append((version, dist))
+
+    # now make the edges
+    for dist in dists:
+        requires = (dist.run_requires | dist.meta_requires |
+                    dist.build_requires | dist.dev_requires)
+        for req in requires:
+            try:
+                matcher = scheme.matcher(req)
+            except UnsupportedVersionError:
+                # XXX compat-mode if cannot read the version
+                logger.warning('could not read version %r - using name only',
+                               req)
+                name = req.split()[0]
+                matcher = scheme.matcher(name)
+
+            name = matcher.key   # case-insensitive
+
+            matched = False
+            if name in provided:
+                for version, provider in provided[name]:
+                    try:
+                        match = matcher.match(version)
+                    except UnsupportedVersionError:
+                        match = False
+
+                    if match:
+                        graph.add_edge(dist, provider, req)
+                        matched = True
+                        break
+            if not matched:
+                graph.add_missing(dist, req)
+    return graph
+
+
+def get_dependent_dists(dists, dist):
+    """Recursively generate a list of distributions from *dists* that are
+    dependent on *dist*.
+
+    :param dists: a list of distributions
+    :param dist: a distribution, member of *dists* for which we are interested
+    """
+    if dist not in dists:
+        raise DistlibException('given distribution %r is not a member '
+                               'of the list' % dist.name)
+    graph = make_graph(dists)
+
+    dep = [dist]  # dependent distributions
+    todo = graph.reverse_list[dist]  # list of nodes we should inspect
+
+    while todo:
+        d = todo.pop()
+        dep.append(d)
+        for succ in graph.reverse_list[d]:
+            if succ not in dep:
+                todo.append(succ)
+
+    dep.pop(0)  # remove dist from dep, was there to prevent infinite loops
+    return dep
+
+
+def get_required_dists(dists, dist):
+    """Recursively generate a list of distributions from *dists* that are
+    required by *dist*.
+
+    :param dists: a list of distributions
+    :param dist: a distribution, member of *dists* for which we are interested
+    """
+    if dist not in dists:
+        raise DistlibException('given distribution %r is not a member '
+                               'of the list' % dist.name)
+    graph = make_graph(dists)
+
+    req = []  # required distributions
+    todo = graph.adjacency_list[dist]  # list of nodes we should inspect
+
+    while todo:
+        d = todo.pop()[0]
+        req.append(d)
+        for pred in graph.adjacency_list[d]:
+            if pred not in req:
+                todo.append(pred)
+
+    return req
+
+
+def make_dist(name, version, **kwargs):
+    """
+    A convenience method for making a dist given just a name and version.
+    """
+    summary = kwargs.pop('summary', 'Placeholder for summary')
+    md = Metadata(**kwargs)
+    md.name = name
+    md.version = version
+    md.summary = summary or 'Placeholder for summary'
+    return Distribution(md)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/index.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/index.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1fbbf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,509 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2013 Vinay Sajip.
+# Licensed to the Python Software Foundation under a contributor agreement.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+import hashlib
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+try:
+    from threading import Thread
+except ImportError:
+    from dummy_threading import Thread
+
+from . import DistlibException
+from .compat import (HTTPBasicAuthHandler, Request, HTTPPasswordMgr,
+                     urlparse, build_opener, string_types)
+from .util import zip_dir, ServerProxy
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+DEFAULT_INDEX = 'https://pypi.org/pypi'
+DEFAULT_REALM = 'pypi'
+
+class PackageIndex(object):
+    """
+    This class represents a package index compatible with PyPI, the Python
+    Package Index.
+    """
+
+    boundary = b'----------ThIs_Is_tHe_distlib_index_bouNdaRY_$'
+
+    def __init__(self, url=None):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+
+        :param url: The URL of the index. If not specified, the URL for PyPI is
+                    used.
+        """
+        self.url = url or DEFAULT_INDEX
+        self.read_configuration()
+        scheme, netloc, path, params, query, frag = urlparse(self.url)
+        if params or query or frag or scheme not in ('http', 'https'):
+            raise DistlibException('invalid repository: %s' % self.url)
+        self.password_handler = None
+        self.ssl_verifier = None
+        self.gpg = None
+        self.gpg_home = None
+        with open(os.devnull, 'w') as sink:
+            # Use gpg by default rather than gpg2, as gpg2 insists on
+            # prompting for passwords
+            for s in ('gpg', 'gpg2'):
+                try:
+                    rc = subprocess.check_call([s, '--version'], stdout=sink,
+                                               stderr=sink)
+                    if rc == 0:
+                        self.gpg = s
+                        break
+                except OSError:
+                    pass
+
+    def _get_pypirc_command(self):
+        """
+        Get the distutils command for interacting with PyPI configurations.
+        :return: the command.
+        """
+        from .util import _get_pypirc_command as cmd
+        return cmd()
+
+    def read_configuration(self):
+        """
+        Read the PyPI access configuration as supported by distutils. This populates
+        ``username``, ``password``, ``realm`` and ``url`` attributes from the
+        configuration.
+        """
+        from .util import _load_pypirc
+        cfg = _load_pypirc(self)
+        self.username = cfg.get('username')
+        self.password = cfg.get('password')
+        self.realm = cfg.get('realm', 'pypi')
+        self.url = cfg.get('repository', self.url)
+
+    def save_configuration(self):
+        """
+        Save the PyPI access configuration. You must have set ``username`` and
+        ``password`` attributes before calling this method.
+        """
+        self.check_credentials()
+        from .util import _store_pypirc
+        _store_pypirc(self)
+
+    def check_credentials(self):
+        """
+        Check that ``username`` and ``password`` have been set, and raise an
+        exception if not.
+        """
+        if self.username is None or self.password is None:
+            raise DistlibException('username and password must be set')
+        pm = HTTPPasswordMgr()
+        _, netloc, _, _, _, _ = urlparse(self.url)
+        pm.add_password(self.realm, netloc, self.username, self.password)
+        self.password_handler = HTTPBasicAuthHandler(pm)
+
+    def register(self, metadata):
+        """
+        Register a distribution on PyPI, using the provided metadata.
+
+        :param metadata: A :class:`Metadata` instance defining at least a name
+                         and version number for the distribution to be
+                         registered.
+        :return: The HTTP response received from PyPI upon submission of the
+                request.
+        """
+        self.check_credentials()
+        metadata.validate()
+        d = metadata.todict()
+        d[':action'] = 'verify'
+        request = self.encode_request(d.items(), [])
+        response = self.send_request(request)
+        d[':action'] = 'submit'
+        request = self.encode_request(d.items(), [])
+        return self.send_request(request)
+
+    def _reader(self, name, stream, outbuf):
+        """
+        Thread runner for reading lines of from a subprocess into a buffer.
+
+        :param name: The logical name of the stream (used for logging only).
+        :param stream: The stream to read from. This will typically a pipe
+                       connected to the output stream of a subprocess.
+        :param outbuf: The list to append the read lines to.
+        """
+        while True:
+            s = stream.readline()
+            if not s:
+                break
+            s = s.decode('utf-8').rstrip()
+            outbuf.append(s)
+            logger.debug('%s: %s' % (name, s))
+        stream.close()
+
+    def get_sign_command(self, filename, signer, sign_password,
+                         keystore=None):
+        """
+        Return a suitable command for signing a file.
+
+        :param filename: The pathname to the file to be signed.
+        :param signer: The identifier of the signer of the file.
+        :param sign_password: The passphrase for the signer's
+                              private key used for signing.
+        :param keystore: The path to a directory which contains the keys
+                         used in verification. If not specified, the
+                         instance's ``gpg_home`` attribute is used instead.
+        :return: The signing command as a list suitable to be
+                 passed to :class:`subprocess.Popen`.
+        """
+        cmd = [self.gpg, '--status-fd', '2', '--no-tty']
+        if keystore is None:
+            keystore = self.gpg_home
+        if keystore:
+            cmd.extend(['--homedir', keystore])
+        if sign_password is not None:
+            cmd.extend(['--batch', '--passphrase-fd', '0'])
+        td = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        sf = os.path.join(td, os.path.basename(filename) + '.asc')
+        cmd.extend(['--detach-sign', '--armor', '--local-user',
+                    signer, '--output', sf, filename])
+        logger.debug('invoking: %s', ' '.join(cmd))
+        return cmd, sf
+
+    def run_command(self, cmd, input_data=None):
+        """
+        Run a command in a child process , passing it any input data specified.
+
+        :param cmd: The command to run.
+        :param input_data: If specified, this must be a byte string containing
+                           data to be sent to the child process.
+        :return: A tuple consisting of the subprocess' exit code, a list of
+                 lines read from the subprocess' ``stdout``, and a list of
+                 lines read from the subprocess' ``stderr``.
+        """
+        kwargs = {
+            'stdout': subprocess.PIPE,
+            'stderr': subprocess.PIPE,
+        }
+        if input_data is not None:
+            kwargs['stdin'] = subprocess.PIPE
+        stdout = []
+        stderr = []
+        p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, **kwargs)
+        # We don't use communicate() here because we may need to
+        # get clever with interacting with the command
+        t1 = Thread(target=self._reader, args=('stdout', p.stdout, stdout))
+        t1.start()
+        t2 = Thread(target=self._reader, args=('stderr', p.stderr, stderr))
+        t2.start()
+        if input_data is not None:
+            p.stdin.write(input_data)
+            p.stdin.close()
+
+        p.wait()
+        t1.join()
+        t2.join()
+        return p.returncode, stdout, stderr
+
+    def sign_file(self, filename, signer, sign_password, keystore=None):
+        """
+        Sign a file.
+
+        :param filename: The pathname to the file to be signed.
+        :param signer: The identifier of the signer of the file.
+        :param sign_password: The passphrase for the signer's
+                              private key used for signing.
+        :param keystore: The path to a directory which contains the keys
+                         used in signing. If not specified, the instance's
+                         ``gpg_home`` attribute is used instead.
+        :return: The absolute pathname of the file where the signature is
+                 stored.
+        """
+        cmd, sig_file = self.get_sign_command(filename, signer, sign_password,
+                                              keystore)
+        rc, stdout, stderr = self.run_command(cmd,
+                                              sign_password.encode('utf-8'))
+        if rc != 0:
+            raise DistlibException('sign command failed with error '
+                                   'code %s' % rc)
+        return sig_file
+
+    def upload_file(self, metadata, filename, signer=None, sign_password=None,
+                    filetype='sdist', pyversion='source', keystore=None):
+        """
+        Upload a release file to the index.
+
+        :param metadata: A :class:`Metadata` instance defining at least a name
+                         and version number for the file to be uploaded.
+        :param filename: The pathname of the file to be uploaded.
+        :param signer: The identifier of the signer of the file.
+        :param sign_password: The passphrase for the signer's
+                              private key used for signing.
+        :param filetype: The type of the file being uploaded. This is the
+                        distutils command which produced that file, e.g.
+                        ``sdist`` or ``bdist_wheel``.
+        :param pyversion: The version of Python which the release relates
+                          to. For code compatible with any Python, this would
+                          be ``source``, otherwise it would be e.g. ``3.2``.
+        :param keystore: The path to a directory which contains the keys
+                         used in signing. If not specified, the instance's
+                         ``gpg_home`` attribute is used instead.
+        :return: The HTTP response received from PyPI upon submission of the
+                request.
+        """
+        self.check_credentials()
+        if not os.path.exists(filename):
+            raise DistlibException('not found: %s' % filename)
+        metadata.validate()
+        d = metadata.todict()
+        sig_file = None
+        if signer:
+            if not self.gpg:
+                logger.warning('no signing program available - not signed')
+            else:
+                sig_file = self.sign_file(filename, signer, sign_password,
+                                          keystore)
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            file_data = f.read()
+        md5_digest = hashlib.md5(file_data).hexdigest()
+        sha256_digest = hashlib.sha256(file_data).hexdigest()
+        d.update({
+            ':action': 'file_upload',
+            'protocol_version': '1',
+            'filetype': filetype,
+            'pyversion': pyversion,
+            'md5_digest': md5_digest,
+            'sha256_digest': sha256_digest,
+        })
+        files = [('content', os.path.basename(filename), file_data)]
+        if sig_file:
+            with open(sig_file, 'rb') as f:
+                sig_data = f.read()
+            files.append(('gpg_signature', os.path.basename(sig_file),
+                         sig_data))
+            shutil.rmtree(os.path.dirname(sig_file))
+        request = self.encode_request(d.items(), files)
+        return self.send_request(request)
+
+    def upload_documentation(self, metadata, doc_dir):
+        """
+        Upload documentation to the index.
+
+        :param metadata: A :class:`Metadata` instance defining at least a name
+                         and version number for the documentation to be
+                         uploaded.
+        :param doc_dir: The pathname of the directory which contains the
+                        documentation. This should be the directory that
+                        contains the ``index.html`` for the documentation.
+        :return: The HTTP response received from PyPI upon submission of the
+                request.
+        """
+        self.check_credentials()
+        if not os.path.isdir(doc_dir):
+            raise DistlibException('not a directory: %r' % doc_dir)
+        fn = os.path.join(doc_dir, 'index.html')
+        if not os.path.exists(fn):
+            raise DistlibException('not found: %r' % fn)
+        metadata.validate()
+        name, version = metadata.name, metadata.version
+        zip_data = zip_dir(doc_dir).getvalue()
+        fields = [(':action', 'doc_upload'),
+                  ('name', name), ('version', version)]
+        files = [('content', name, zip_data)]
+        request = self.encode_request(fields, files)
+        return self.send_request(request)
+
+    def get_verify_command(self, signature_filename, data_filename,
+                           keystore=None):
+        """
+        Return a suitable command for verifying a file.
+
+        :param signature_filename: The pathname to the file containing the
+                                   signature.
+        :param data_filename: The pathname to the file containing the
+                              signed data.
+        :param keystore: The path to a directory which contains the keys
+                         used in verification. If not specified, the
+                         instance's ``gpg_home`` attribute is used instead.
+        :return: The verifying command as a list suitable to be
+                 passed to :class:`subprocess.Popen`.
+        """
+        cmd = [self.gpg, '--status-fd', '2', '--no-tty']
+        if keystore is None:
+            keystore = self.gpg_home
+        if keystore:
+            cmd.extend(['--homedir', keystore])
+        cmd.extend(['--verify', signature_filename, data_filename])
+        logger.debug('invoking: %s', ' '.join(cmd))
+        return cmd
+
+    def verify_signature(self, signature_filename, data_filename,
+                         keystore=None):
+        """
+        Verify a signature for a file.
+
+        :param signature_filename: The pathname to the file containing the
+                                   signature.
+        :param data_filename: The pathname to the file containing the
+                              signed data.
+        :param keystore: The path to a directory which contains the keys
+                         used in verification. If not specified, the
+                         instance's ``gpg_home`` attribute is used instead.
+        :return: True if the signature was verified, else False.
+        """
+        if not self.gpg:
+            raise DistlibException('verification unavailable because gpg '
+                                   'unavailable')
+        cmd = self.get_verify_command(signature_filename, data_filename,
+                                      keystore)
+        rc, stdout, stderr = self.run_command(cmd)
+        if rc not in (0, 1):
+            raise DistlibException('verify command failed with error '
+                             'code %s' % rc)
+        return rc == 0
+
+    def download_file(self, url, destfile, digest=None, reporthook=None):
+        """
+        This is a convenience method for downloading a file from an URL.
+        Normally, this will be a file from the index, though currently
+        no check is made for this (i.e. a file can be downloaded from
+        anywhere).
+
+        The method is just like the :func:`urlretrieve` function in the
+        standard library, except that it allows digest computation to be
+        done during download and checking that the downloaded data
+        matched any expected value.
+
+        :param url: The URL of the file to be downloaded (assumed to be
+                    available via an HTTP GET request).
+        :param destfile: The pathname where the downloaded file is to be
+                         saved.
+        :param digest: If specified, this must be a (hasher, value)
+                       tuple, where hasher is the algorithm used (e.g.
+                       ``'md5'``) and ``value`` is the expected value.
+        :param reporthook: The same as for :func:`urlretrieve` in the
+                           standard library.
+        """
+        if digest is None:
+            digester = None
+            logger.debug('No digest specified')
+        else:
+            if isinstance(digest, (list, tuple)):
+                hasher, digest = digest
+            else:
+                hasher = 'md5'
+            digester = getattr(hashlib, hasher)()
+            logger.debug('Digest specified: %s' % digest)
+        # The following code is equivalent to urlretrieve.
+        # We need to do it this way so that we can compute the
+        # digest of the file as we go.
+        with open(destfile, 'wb') as dfp:
+            # addinfourl is not a context manager on 2.x
+            # so we have to use try/finally
+            sfp = self.send_request(Request(url))
+            try:
+                headers = sfp.info()
+                blocksize = 8192
+                size = -1
+                read = 0
+                blocknum = 0
+                if "content-length" in headers:
+                    size = int(headers["Content-Length"])
+                if reporthook:
+                    reporthook(blocknum, blocksize, size)
+                while True:
+                    block = sfp.read(blocksize)
+                    if not block:
+                        break
+                    read += len(block)
+                    dfp.write(block)
+                    if digester:
+                        digester.update(block)
+                    blocknum += 1
+                    if reporthook:
+                        reporthook(blocknum, blocksize, size)
+            finally:
+                sfp.close()
+
+        # check that we got the whole file, if we can
+        if size >= 0 and read < size:
+            raise DistlibException(
+                'retrieval incomplete: got only %d out of %d bytes'
+                % (read, size))
+        # if we have a digest, it must match.
+        if digester:
+            actual = digester.hexdigest()
+            if digest != actual:
+                raise DistlibException('%s digest mismatch for %s: expected '
+                                       '%s, got %s' % (hasher, destfile,
+                                                       digest, actual))
+            logger.debug('Digest verified: %s', digest)
+
+    def send_request(self, req):
+        """
+        Send a standard library :class:`Request` to PyPI and return its
+        response.
+
+        :param req: The request to send.
+        :return: The HTTP response from PyPI (a standard library HTTPResponse).
+        """
+        handlers = []
+        if self.password_handler:
+            handlers.append(self.password_handler)
+        if self.ssl_verifier:
+            handlers.append(self.ssl_verifier)
+        opener = build_opener(*handlers)
+        return opener.open(req)
+
+    def encode_request(self, fields, files):
+        """
+        Encode fields and files for posting to an HTTP server.
+
+        :param fields: The fields to send as a list of (fieldname, value)
+                       tuples.
+        :param files: The files to send as a list of (fieldname, filename,
+                      file_bytes) tuple.
+        """
+        # Adapted from packaging, which in turn was adapted from
+        # http://code.activestate.com/recipes/146306
+
+        parts = []
+        boundary = self.boundary
+        for k, values in fields:
+            if not isinstance(values, (list, tuple)):
+                values = [values]
+
+            for v in values:
+                parts.extend((
+                    b'--' + boundary,
+                    ('Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' %
+                     k).encode('utf-8'),
+                    b'',
+                    v.encode('utf-8')))
+        for key, filename, value in files:
+            parts.extend((
+                b'--' + boundary,
+                ('Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"; filename="%s"' %
+                 (key, filename)).encode('utf-8'),
+                b'',
+                value))
+
+        parts.extend((b'--' + boundary + b'--', b''))
+
+        body = b'\r\n'.join(parts)
+        ct = b'multipart/form-data; boundary=' + boundary
+        headers = {
+            'Content-type': ct,
+            'Content-length': str(len(body))
+        }
+        return Request(self.url, body, headers)
+
+    def search(self, terms, operator=None):
+        if isinstance(terms, string_types):
+            terms = {'name': terms}
+        rpc_proxy = ServerProxy(self.url, timeout=3.0)
+        try:
+            return rpc_proxy.search(terms, operator or 'and')
+        finally:
+            rpc_proxy('close')()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/locators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/locators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c7d639
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/locators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1300 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2015 Vinay Sajip.
+# Licensed to the Python Software Foundation under a contributor agreement.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+
+import gzip
+from io import BytesIO
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import posixpath
+import re
+try:
+    import threading
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    import dummy_threading as threading
+import zlib
+
+from . import DistlibException
+from .compat import (urljoin, urlparse, urlunparse, url2pathname, pathname2url,
+                     queue, quote, unescape, build_opener,
+                     HTTPRedirectHandler as BaseRedirectHandler, text_type,
+                     Request, HTTPError, URLError)
+from .database import Distribution, DistributionPath, make_dist
+from .metadata import Metadata, MetadataInvalidError
+from .util import (cached_property, ensure_slash, split_filename, get_project_data,
+                   parse_requirement, parse_name_and_version, ServerProxy,
+                   normalize_name)
+from .version import get_scheme, UnsupportedVersionError
+from .wheel import Wheel, is_compatible
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+HASHER_HASH = re.compile(r'^(\w+)=([a-f0-9]+)')
+CHARSET = re.compile(r';\s*charset\s*=\s*(.*)\s*$', re.I)
+HTML_CONTENT_TYPE = re.compile('text/html|application/x(ht)?ml')
+DEFAULT_INDEX = 'https://pypi.org/pypi'
+
+def get_all_distribution_names(url=None):
+    """
+    Return all distribution names known by an index.
+    :param url: The URL of the index.
+    :return: A list of all known distribution names.
+    """
+    if url is None:
+        url = DEFAULT_INDEX
+    client = ServerProxy(url, timeout=3.0)
+    try:
+        return client.list_packages()
+    finally:
+        client('close')()
+
+class RedirectHandler(BaseRedirectHandler):
+    """
+    A class to work around a bug in some Python 3.2.x releases.
+    """
+    # There's a bug in the base version for some 3.2.x
+    # (e.g. 3.2.2 on Ubuntu Oneiric). If a Location header
+    # returns e.g. /abc, it bails because it says the scheme ''
+    # is bogus, when actually it should use the request's
+    # URL for the scheme. See Python issue #13696.
+    def http_error_302(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers):
+        # Some servers (incorrectly) return multiple Location headers
+        # (so probably same goes for URI).  Use first header.
+        newurl = None
+        for key in ('location', 'uri'):
+            if key in headers:
+                newurl = headers[key]
+                break
+        if newurl is None:  # pragma: no cover
+            return
+        urlparts = urlparse(newurl)
+        if urlparts.scheme == '':
+            newurl = urljoin(req.get_full_url(), newurl)
+            if hasattr(headers, 'replace_header'):
+                headers.replace_header(key, newurl)
+            else:
+                headers[key] = newurl
+        return BaseRedirectHandler.http_error_302(self, req, fp, code, msg,
+                                                  headers)
+
+    http_error_301 = http_error_303 = http_error_307 = http_error_302
+
+class Locator(object):
+    """
+    A base class for locators - things that locate distributions.
+    """
+    source_extensions = ('.tar.gz', '.tar.bz2', '.tar', '.zip', '.tgz', '.tbz')
+    binary_extensions = ('.egg', '.exe', '.whl')
+    excluded_extensions = ('.pdf',)
+
+    # A list of tags indicating which wheels you want to match. The default
+    # value of None matches against the tags compatible with the running
+    # Python. If you want to match other values, set wheel_tags on a locator
+    # instance to a list of tuples (pyver, abi, arch) which you want to match.
+    wheel_tags = None
+
+    downloadable_extensions = source_extensions + ('.whl',)
+
+    def __init__(self, scheme='default'):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+        :param scheme: Because locators look for most recent versions, they
+                       need to know the version scheme to use. This specifies
+                       the current PEP-recommended scheme - use ``'legacy'``
+                       if you need to support existing distributions on PyPI.
+        """
+        self._cache = {}
+        self.scheme = scheme
+        # Because of bugs in some of the handlers on some of the platforms,
+        # we use our own opener rather than just using urlopen.
+        self.opener = build_opener(RedirectHandler())
+        # If get_project() is called from locate(), the matcher instance
+        # is set from the requirement passed to locate(). See issue #18 for
+        # why this can be useful to know.
+        self.matcher = None
+        self.errors = queue.Queue()
+
+    def get_errors(self):
+        """
+        Return any errors which have occurred.
+        """
+        result = []
+        while not self.errors.empty():  # pragma: no cover
+            try:
+                e = self.errors.get(False)
+                result.append(e)
+            except self.errors.Empty:
+                continue
+            self.errors.task_done()
+        return result
+
+    def clear_errors(self):
+        """
+        Clear any errors which may have been logged.
+        """
+        # Just get the errors and throw them away
+        self.get_errors()
+
+    def clear_cache(self):
+        self._cache.clear()
+
+    def _get_scheme(self):
+        return self._scheme
+
+    def _set_scheme(self, value):
+        self._scheme = value
+
+    scheme = property(_get_scheme, _set_scheme)
+
+    def _get_project(self, name):
+        """
+        For a given project, get a dictionary mapping available versions to Distribution
+        instances.
+
+        This should be implemented in subclasses.
+
+        If called from a locate() request, self.matcher will be set to a
+        matcher for the requirement to satisfy, otherwise it will be None.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError('Please implement in the subclass')
+
+    def get_distribution_names(self):
+        """
+        Return all the distribution names known to this locator.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError('Please implement in the subclass')
+
+    def get_project(self, name):
+        """
+        For a given project, get a dictionary mapping available versions to Distribution
+        instances.
+
+        This calls _get_project to do all the work, and just implements a caching layer on top.
+        """
+        if self._cache is None:  # pragma: no cover
+            result = self._get_project(name)
+        elif name in self._cache:
+            result = self._cache[name]
+        else:
+            self.clear_errors()
+            result = self._get_project(name)
+            self._cache[name] = result
+        return result
+
+    def score_url(self, url):
+        """
+        Give an url a score which can be used to choose preferred URLs
+        for a given project release.
+        """
+        t = urlparse(url)
+        basename = posixpath.basename(t.path)
+        compatible = True
+        is_wheel = basename.endswith('.whl')
+        is_downloadable = basename.endswith(self.downloadable_extensions)
+        if is_wheel:
+            compatible = is_compatible(Wheel(basename), self.wheel_tags)
+        return (t.scheme == 'https', 'pypi.org' in t.netloc,
+                is_downloadable, is_wheel, compatible, basename)
+
+    def prefer_url(self, url1, url2):
+        """
+        Choose one of two URLs where both are candidates for distribution
+        archives for the same version of a distribution (for example,
+        .tar.gz vs. zip).
+
+        The current implementation favours https:// URLs over http://, archives
+        from PyPI over those from other locations, wheel compatibility (if a
+        wheel) and then the archive name.
+        """
+        result = url2
+        if url1:
+            s1 = self.score_url(url1)
+            s2 = self.score_url(url2)
+            if s1 > s2:
+                result = url1
+            if result != url2:
+                logger.debug('Not replacing %r with %r', url1, url2)
+            else:
+                logger.debug('Replacing %r with %r', url1, url2)
+        return result
+
+    def split_filename(self, filename, project_name):
+        """
+        Attempt to split a filename in project name, version and Python version.
+        """
+        return split_filename(filename, project_name)
+
+    def convert_url_to_download_info(self, url, project_name):
+        """
+        See if a URL is a candidate for a download URL for a project (the URL
+        has typically been scraped from an HTML page).
+
+        If it is, a dictionary is returned with keys "name", "version",
+        "filename" and "url"; otherwise, None is returned.
+        """
+        def same_project(name1, name2):
+            return normalize_name(name1) == normalize_name(name2)
+
+        result = None
+        scheme, netloc, path, params, query, frag = urlparse(url)
+        if frag.lower().startswith('egg='):  # pragma: no cover
+            logger.debug('%s: version hint in fragment: %r',
+                         project_name, frag)
+        m = HASHER_HASH.match(frag)
+        if m:
+            algo, digest = m.groups()
+        else:
+            algo, digest = None, None
+        origpath = path
+        if path and path[-1] == '/':  # pragma: no cover
+            path = path[:-1]
+        if path.endswith('.whl'):
+            try:
+                wheel = Wheel(path)
+                if not is_compatible(wheel, self.wheel_tags):
+                    logger.debug('Wheel not compatible: %s', path)
+                else:
+                    if project_name is None:
+                        include = True
+                    else:
+                        include = same_project(wheel.name, project_name)
+                    if include:
+                        result = {
+                            'name': wheel.name,
+                            'version': wheel.version,
+                            'filename': wheel.filename,
+                            'url': urlunparse((scheme, netloc, origpath,
+                                               params, query, '')),
+                            'python-version': ', '.join(
+                                ['.'.join(list(v[2:])) for v in wheel.pyver]),
+                        }
+            except Exception as e:  # pragma: no cover
+                logger.warning('invalid path for wheel: %s', path)
+        elif not path.endswith(self.downloadable_extensions):  # pragma: no cover
+            logger.debug('Not downloadable: %s', path)
+        else:  # downloadable extension
+            path = filename = posixpath.basename(path)
+            for ext in self.downloadable_extensions:
+                if path.endswith(ext):
+                    path = path[:-len(ext)]
+                    t = self.split_filename(path, project_name)
+                    if not t:  # pragma: no cover
+                        logger.debug('No match for project/version: %s', path)
+                    else:
+                        name, version, pyver = t
+                        if not project_name or same_project(project_name, name):
+                            result = {
+                                'name': name,
+                                'version': version,
+                                'filename': filename,
+                                'url': urlunparse((scheme, netloc, origpath,
+                                                   params, query, '')),
+                                #'packagetype': 'sdist',
+                            }
+                            if pyver:  # pragma: no cover
+                                result['python-version'] = pyver
+                    break
+        if result and algo:
+            result['%s_digest' % algo] = digest
+        return result
+
+    def _get_digest(self, info):
+        """
+        Get a digest from a dictionary by looking at a "digests" dictionary
+        or keys of the form 'algo_digest'.
+
+        Returns a 2-tuple (algo, digest) if found, else None. Currently
+        looks only for SHA256, then MD5.
+        """
+        result = None
+        if 'digests' in info:
+            digests = info['digests']
+            for algo in ('sha256', 'md5'):
+                if algo in digests:
+                    result = (algo, digests[algo])
+                    break
+        if not result:
+            for algo in ('sha256', 'md5'):
+                key = '%s_digest' % algo
+                if key in info:
+                    result = (algo, info[key])
+                    break
+        return result
+
+    def _update_version_data(self, result, info):
+        """
+        Update a result dictionary (the final result from _get_project) with a
+        dictionary for a specific version, which typically holds information
+        gleaned from a filename or URL for an archive for the distribution.
+        """
+        name = info.pop('name')
+        version = info.pop('version')
+        if version in result:
+            dist = result[version]
+            md = dist.metadata
+        else:
+            dist = make_dist(name, version, scheme=self.scheme)
+            md = dist.metadata
+        dist.digest = digest = self._get_digest(info)
+        url = info['url']
+        result['digests'][url] = digest
+        if md.source_url != info['url']:
+            md.source_url = self.prefer_url(md.source_url, url)
+            result['urls'].setdefault(version, set()).add(url)
+        dist.locator = self
+        result[version] = dist
+
+    def locate(self, requirement, prereleases=False):
+        """
+        Find the most recent distribution which matches the given
+        requirement.
+
+        :param requirement: A requirement of the form 'foo (1.0)' or perhaps
+                            'foo (>= 1.0, < 2.0, != 1.3)'
+        :param prereleases: If ``True``, allow pre-release versions
+                            to be located. Otherwise, pre-release versions
+                            are not returned.
+        :return: A :class:`Distribution` instance, or ``None`` if no such
+                 distribution could be located.
+        """
+        result = None
+        r = parse_requirement(requirement)
+        if r is None:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise DistlibException('Not a valid requirement: %r' % requirement)
+        scheme = get_scheme(self.scheme)
+        self.matcher = matcher = scheme.matcher(r.requirement)
+        logger.debug('matcher: %s (%s)', matcher, type(matcher).__name__)
+        versions = self.get_project(r.name)
+        if len(versions) > 2:   # urls and digests keys are present
+            # sometimes, versions are invalid
+            slist = []
+            vcls = matcher.version_class
+            for k in versions:
+                if k in ('urls', 'digests'):
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    if not matcher.match(k):
+                        pass  # logger.debug('%s did not match %r', matcher, k)
+                    else:
+                        if prereleases or not vcls(k).is_prerelease:
+                            slist.append(k)
+                        # else:
+                            # logger.debug('skipping pre-release '
+                                         # 'version %s of %s', k, matcher.name)
+                except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+                    logger.warning('error matching %s with %r', matcher, k)
+                    pass # slist.append(k)
+            if len(slist) > 1:
+                slist = sorted(slist, key=scheme.key)
+            if slist:
+                logger.debug('sorted list: %s', slist)
+                version = slist[-1]
+                result = versions[version]
+        if result:
+            if r.extras:
+                result.extras = r.extras
+            result.download_urls = versions.get('urls', {}).get(version, set())
+            d = {}
+            sd = versions.get('digests', {})
+            for url in result.download_urls:
+                if url in sd:  # pragma: no cover
+                    d[url] = sd[url]
+            result.digests = d
+        self.matcher = None
+        return result
+
+
+class PyPIRPCLocator(Locator):
+    """
+    This locator uses XML-RPC to locate distributions. It therefore
+    cannot be used with simple mirrors (that only mirror file content).
+    """
+    def __init__(self, url, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+
+        :param url: The URL to use for XML-RPC.
+        :param kwargs: Passed to the superclass constructor.
+        """
+        super(PyPIRPCLocator, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        self.base_url = url
+        self.client = ServerProxy(url, timeout=3.0)
+
+    def get_distribution_names(self):
+        """
+        Return all the distribution names known to this locator.
+        """
+        return set(self.client.list_packages())
+
+    def _get_project(self, name):
+        result = {'urls': {}, 'digests': {}}
+        versions = self.client.package_releases(name, True)
+        for v in versions:
+            urls = self.client.release_urls(name, v)
+            data = self.client.release_data(name, v)
+            metadata = Metadata(scheme=self.scheme)
+            metadata.name = data['name']
+            metadata.version = data['version']
+            metadata.license = data.get('license')
+            metadata.keywords = data.get('keywords', [])
+            metadata.summary = data.get('summary')
+            dist = Distribution(metadata)
+            if urls:
+                info = urls[0]
+                metadata.source_url = info['url']
+                dist.digest = self._get_digest(info)
+                dist.locator = self
+                result[v] = dist
+                for info in urls:
+                    url = info['url']
+                    digest = self._get_digest(info)
+                    result['urls'].setdefault(v, set()).add(url)
+                    result['digests'][url] = digest
+        return result
+
+class PyPIJSONLocator(Locator):
+    """
+    This locator uses PyPI's JSON interface. It's very limited in functionality
+    and probably not worth using.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, url, **kwargs):
+        super(PyPIJSONLocator, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        self.base_url = ensure_slash(url)
+
+    def get_distribution_names(self):
+        """
+        Return all the distribution names known to this locator.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError('Not available from this locator')
+
+    def _get_project(self, name):
+        result = {'urls': {}, 'digests': {}}
+        url = urljoin(self.base_url, '%s/json' % quote(name))
+        try:
+            resp = self.opener.open(url)
+            data = resp.read().decode() # for now
+            d = json.loads(data)
+            md = Metadata(scheme=self.scheme)
+            data = d['info']
+            md.name = data['name']
+            md.version = data['version']
+            md.license = data.get('license')
+            md.keywords = data.get('keywords', [])
+            md.summary = data.get('summary')
+            dist = Distribution(md)
+            dist.locator = self
+            urls = d['urls']
+            result[md.version] = dist
+            for info in d['urls']:
+                url = info['url']
+                dist.download_urls.add(url)
+                dist.digests[url] = self._get_digest(info)
+                result['urls'].setdefault(md.version, set()).add(url)
+                result['digests'][url] = self._get_digest(info)
+            # Now get other releases
+            for version, infos in d['releases'].items():
+                if version == md.version:
+                    continue    # already done
+                omd = Metadata(scheme=self.scheme)
+                omd.name = md.name
+                omd.version = version
+                odist = Distribution(omd)
+                odist.locator = self
+                result[version] = odist
+                for info in infos:
+                    url = info['url']
+                    odist.download_urls.add(url)
+                    odist.digests[url] = self._get_digest(info)
+                    result['urls'].setdefault(version, set()).add(url)
+                    result['digests'][url] = self._get_digest(info)
+#            for info in urls:
+#                md.source_url = info['url']
+#                dist.digest = self._get_digest(info)
+#                dist.locator = self
+#                for info in urls:
+#                    url = info['url']
+#                    result['urls'].setdefault(md.version, set()).add(url)
+#                    result['digests'][url] = self._get_digest(info)
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.errors.put(text_type(e))
+            logger.exception('JSON fetch failed: %s', e)
+        return result
+
+
+class Page(object):
+    """
+    This class represents a scraped HTML page.
+    """
+    # The following slightly hairy-looking regex just looks for the contents of
+    # an anchor link, which has an attribute "href" either immediately preceded
+    # or immediately followed by a "rel" attribute. The attribute values can be
+    # declared with double quotes, single quotes or no quotes - which leads to
+    # the length of the expression.
+    _href = re.compile("""
+(rel\\s*=\\s*(?:"(?P<rel1>[^"]*)"|'(?P<rel2>[^']*)'|(?P<rel3>[^>\\s\n]*))\\s+)?
+href\\s*=\\s*(?:"(?P<url1>[^"]*)"|'(?P<url2>[^']*)'|(?P<url3>[^>\\s\n]*))
+(\\s+rel\\s*=\\s*(?:"(?P<rel4>[^"]*)"|'(?P<rel5>[^']*)'|(?P<rel6>[^>\\s\n]*)))?
+""", re.I | re.S | re.X)
+    _base = re.compile(r"""<base\s+href\s*=\s*['"]?([^'">]+)""", re.I | re.S)
+
+    def __init__(self, data, url):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance with the Unicode page contents and the URL they
+        came from.
+        """
+        self.data = data
+        self.base_url = self.url = url
+        m = self._base.search(self.data)
+        if m:
+            self.base_url = m.group(1)
+
+    _clean_re = re.compile(r'[^a-z0-9$&+,/:;=?@.#%_\\|-]', re.I)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def links(self):
+        """
+        Return the URLs of all the links on a page together with information
+        about their "rel" attribute, for determining which ones to treat as
+        downloads and which ones to queue for further scraping.
+        """
+        def clean(url):
+            "Tidy up an URL."
+            scheme, netloc, path, params, query, frag = urlparse(url)
+            return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, quote(path),
+                               params, query, frag))
+
+        result = set()
+        for match in self._href.finditer(self.data):
+            d = match.groupdict('')
+            rel = (d['rel1'] or d['rel2'] or d['rel3'] or
+                   d['rel4'] or d['rel5'] or d['rel6'])
+            url = d['url1'] or d['url2'] or d['url3']
+            url = urljoin(self.base_url, url)
+            url = unescape(url)
+            url = self._clean_re.sub(lambda m: '%%%2x' % ord(m.group(0)), url)
+            result.add((url, rel))
+        # We sort the result, hoping to bring the most recent versions
+        # to the front
+        result = sorted(result, key=lambda t: t[0], reverse=True)
+        return result
+
+
+class SimpleScrapingLocator(Locator):
+    """
+    A locator which scrapes HTML pages to locate downloads for a distribution.
+    This runs multiple threads to do the I/O; performance is at least as good
+    as pip's PackageFinder, which works in an analogous fashion.
+    """
+
+    # These are used to deal with various Content-Encoding schemes.
+    decoders = {
+        'deflate': zlib.decompress,
+        'gzip': lambda b: gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=BytesIO(b)).read(),
+        'none': lambda b: b,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, url, timeout=None, num_workers=10, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+        :param url: The root URL to use for scraping.
+        :param timeout: The timeout, in seconds, to be applied to requests.
+                        This defaults to ``None`` (no timeout specified).
+        :param num_workers: The number of worker threads you want to do I/O,
+                            This defaults to 10.
+        :param kwargs: Passed to the superclass.
+        """
+        super(SimpleScrapingLocator, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        self.base_url = ensure_slash(url)
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self._page_cache = {}
+        self._seen = set()
+        self._to_fetch = queue.Queue()
+        self._bad_hosts = set()
+        self.skip_externals = False
+        self.num_workers = num_workers
+        self._lock = threading.RLock()
+        # See issue #45: we need to be resilient when the locator is used
+        # in a thread, e.g. with concurrent.futures. We can't use self._lock
+        # as it is for coordinating our internal threads - the ones created
+        # in _prepare_threads.
+        self._gplock = threading.RLock()
+        self.platform_check = False  # See issue #112
+
+    def _prepare_threads(self):
+        """
+        Threads are created only when get_project is called, and terminate
+        before it returns. They are there primarily to parallelise I/O (i.e.
+        fetching web pages).
+        """
+        self._threads = []
+        for i in range(self.num_workers):
+            t = threading.Thread(target=self._fetch)
+            t.setDaemon(True)
+            t.start()
+            self._threads.append(t)
+
+    def _wait_threads(self):
+        """
+        Tell all the threads to terminate (by sending a sentinel value) and
+        wait for them to do so.
+        """
+        # Note that you need two loops, since you can't say which
+        # thread will get each sentinel
+        for t in self._threads:
+            self._to_fetch.put(None)    # sentinel
+        for t in self._threads:
+            t.join()
+        self._threads = []
+
+    def _get_project(self, name):
+        result = {'urls': {}, 'digests': {}}
+        with self._gplock:
+            self.result = result
+            self.project_name = name
+            url = urljoin(self.base_url, '%s/' % quote(name))
+            self._seen.clear()
+            self._page_cache.clear()
+            self._prepare_threads()
+            try:
+                logger.debug('Queueing %s', url)
+                self._to_fetch.put(url)
+                self._to_fetch.join()
+            finally:
+                self._wait_threads()
+            del self.result
+        return result
+
+    platform_dependent = re.compile(r'\b(linux_(i\d86|x86_64|arm\w+)|'
+                                    r'win(32|_amd64)|macosx_?\d+)\b', re.I)
+
+    def _is_platform_dependent(self, url):
+        """
+        Does an URL refer to a platform-specific download?
+        """
+        return self.platform_dependent.search(url)
+
+    def _process_download(self, url):
+        """
+        See if an URL is a suitable download for a project.
+
+        If it is, register information in the result dictionary (for
+        _get_project) about the specific version it's for.
+
+        Note that the return value isn't actually used other than as a boolean
+        value.
+        """
+        if self.platform_check and self._is_platform_dependent(url):
+            info = None
+        else:
+            info = self.convert_url_to_download_info(url, self.project_name)
+        logger.debug('process_download: %s -> %s', url, info)
+        if info:
+            with self._lock:    # needed because self.result is shared
+                self._update_version_data(self.result, info)
+        return info
+
+    def _should_queue(self, link, referrer, rel):
+        """
+        Determine whether a link URL from a referring page and with a
+        particular "rel" attribute should be queued for scraping.
+        """
+        scheme, netloc, path, _, _, _ = urlparse(link)
+        if path.endswith(self.source_extensions + self.binary_extensions +
+                         self.excluded_extensions):
+            result = False
+        elif self.skip_externals and not link.startswith(self.base_url):
+            result = False
+        elif not referrer.startswith(self.base_url):
+            result = False
+        elif rel not in ('homepage', 'download'):
+            result = False
+        elif scheme not in ('http', 'https', 'ftp'):
+            result = False
+        elif self._is_platform_dependent(link):
+            result = False
+        else:
+            host = netloc.split(':', 1)[0]
+            if host.lower() == 'localhost':
+                result = False
+            else:
+                result = True
+        logger.debug('should_queue: %s (%s) from %s -> %s', link, rel,
+                     referrer, result)
+        return result
+
+    def _fetch(self):
+        """
+        Get a URL to fetch from the work queue, get the HTML page, examine its
+        links for download candidates and candidates for further scraping.
+
+        This is a handy method to run in a thread.
+        """
+        while True:
+            url = self._to_fetch.get()
+            try:
+                if url:
+                    page = self.get_page(url)
+                    if page is None:    # e.g. after an error
+                        continue
+                    for link, rel in page.links:
+                        if link not in self._seen:
+                            try:
+                                self._seen.add(link)
+                                if (not self._process_download(link) and
+                                    self._should_queue(link, url, rel)):
+                                    logger.debug('Queueing %s from %s', link, url)
+                                    self._to_fetch.put(link)
+                            except MetadataInvalidError:  # e.g. invalid versions
+                                pass
+            except Exception as e:  # pragma: no cover
+                self.errors.put(text_type(e))
+            finally:
+                # always do this, to avoid hangs :-)
+                self._to_fetch.task_done()
+            if not url:
+                #logger.debug('Sentinel seen, quitting.')
+                break
+
+    def get_page(self, url):
+        """
+        Get the HTML for an URL, possibly from an in-memory cache.
+
+        XXX TODO Note: this cache is never actually cleared. It's assumed that
+        the data won't get stale over the lifetime of a locator instance (not
+        necessarily true for the default_locator).
+        """
+        # http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/EasyInstall#package-index-api
+        scheme, netloc, path, _, _, _ = urlparse(url)
+        if scheme == 'file' and os.path.isdir(url2pathname(path)):
+            url = urljoin(ensure_slash(url), 'index.html')
+
+        if url in self._page_cache:
+            result = self._page_cache[url]
+            logger.debug('Returning %s from cache: %s', url, result)
+        else:
+            host = netloc.split(':', 1)[0]
+            result = None
+            if host in self._bad_hosts:
+                logger.debug('Skipping %s due to bad host %s', url, host)
+            else:
+                req = Request(url, headers={'Accept-encoding': 'identity'})
+                try:
+                    logger.debug('Fetching %s', url)
+                    resp = self.opener.open(req, timeout=self.timeout)
+                    logger.debug('Fetched %s', url)
+                    headers = resp.info()
+                    content_type = headers.get('Content-Type', '')
+                    if HTML_CONTENT_TYPE.match(content_type):
+                        final_url = resp.geturl()
+                        data = resp.read()
+                        encoding = headers.get('Content-Encoding')
+                        if encoding:
+                            decoder = self.decoders[encoding]   # fail if not found
+                            data = decoder(data)
+                        encoding = 'utf-8'
+                        m = CHARSET.search(content_type)
+                        if m:
+                            encoding = m.group(1)
+                        try:
+                            data = data.decode(encoding)
+                        except UnicodeError:  # pragma: no cover
+                            data = data.decode('latin-1')    # fallback
+                        result = Page(data, final_url)
+                        self._page_cache[final_url] = result
+                except HTTPError as e:
+                    if e.code != 404:
+                        logger.exception('Fetch failed: %s: %s', url, e)
+                except URLError as e:  # pragma: no cover
+                    logger.exception('Fetch failed: %s: %s', url, e)
+                    with self._lock:
+                        self._bad_hosts.add(host)
+                except Exception as e:  # pragma: no cover
+                    logger.exception('Fetch failed: %s: %s', url, e)
+                finally:
+                    self._page_cache[url] = result   # even if None (failure)
+        return result
+
+    _distname_re = re.compile('<a href=[^>]*>([^<]+)<')
+
+    def get_distribution_names(self):
+        """
+        Return all the distribution names known to this locator.
+        """
+        result = set()
+        page = self.get_page(self.base_url)
+        if not page:
+            raise DistlibException('Unable to get %s' % self.base_url)
+        for match in self._distname_re.finditer(page.data):
+            result.add(match.group(1))
+        return result
+
+class DirectoryLocator(Locator):
+    """
+    This class locates distributions in a directory tree.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+        :param path: The root of the directory tree to search.
+        :param kwargs: Passed to the superclass constructor,
+                       except for:
+                       * recursive - if True (the default), subdirectories are
+                         recursed into. If False, only the top-level directory
+                         is searched,
+        """
+        self.recursive = kwargs.pop('recursive', True)
+        super(DirectoryLocator, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        path = os.path.abspath(path)
+        if not os.path.isdir(path):  # pragma: no cover
+            raise DistlibException('Not a directory: %r' % path)
+        self.base_dir = path
+
+    def should_include(self, filename, parent):
+        """
+        Should a filename be considered as a candidate for a distribution
+        archive? As well as the filename, the directory which contains it
+        is provided, though not used by the current implementation.
+        """
+        return filename.endswith(self.downloadable_extensions)
+
+    def _get_project(self, name):
+        result = {'urls': {}, 'digests': {}}
+        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(self.base_dir):
+            for fn in files:
+                if self.should_include(fn, root):
+                    fn = os.path.join(root, fn)
+                    url = urlunparse(('file', '',
+                                      pathname2url(os.path.abspath(fn)),
+                                      '', '', ''))
+                    info = self.convert_url_to_download_info(url, name)
+                    if info:
+                        self._update_version_data(result, info)
+            if not self.recursive:
+                break
+        return result
+
+    def get_distribution_names(self):
+        """
+        Return all the distribution names known to this locator.
+        """
+        result = set()
+        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(self.base_dir):
+            for fn in files:
+                if self.should_include(fn, root):
+                    fn = os.path.join(root, fn)
+                    url = urlunparse(('file', '',
+                                      pathname2url(os.path.abspath(fn)),
+                                      '', '', ''))
+                    info = self.convert_url_to_download_info(url, None)
+                    if info:
+                        result.add(info['name'])
+            if not self.recursive:
+                break
+        return result
+
+class JSONLocator(Locator):
+    """
+    This locator uses special extended metadata (not available on PyPI) and is
+    the basis of performant dependency resolution in distlib. Other locators
+    require archive downloads before dependencies can be determined! As you
+    might imagine, that can be slow.
+    """
+    def get_distribution_names(self):
+        """
+        Return all the distribution names known to this locator.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError('Not available from this locator')
+
+    def _get_project(self, name):
+        result = {'urls': {}, 'digests': {}}
+        data = get_project_data(name)
+        if data:
+            for info in data.get('files', []):
+                if info['ptype'] != 'sdist' or info['pyversion'] != 'source':
+                    continue
+                # We don't store summary in project metadata as it makes
+                # the data bigger for no benefit during dependency
+                # resolution
+                dist = make_dist(data['name'], info['version'],
+                                 summary=data.get('summary',
+                                                  'Placeholder for summary'),
+                                 scheme=self.scheme)
+                md = dist.metadata
+                md.source_url = info['url']
+                # TODO SHA256 digest
+                if 'digest' in info and info['digest']:
+                    dist.digest = ('md5', info['digest'])
+                md.dependencies = info.get('requirements', {})
+                dist.exports = info.get('exports', {})
+                result[dist.version] = dist
+                result['urls'].setdefault(dist.version, set()).add(info['url'])
+        return result
+
+class DistPathLocator(Locator):
+    """
+    This locator finds installed distributions in a path. It can be useful for
+    adding to an :class:`AggregatingLocator`.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, distpath, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+
+        :param distpath: A :class:`DistributionPath` instance to search.
+        """
+        super(DistPathLocator, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        assert isinstance(distpath, DistributionPath)
+        self.distpath = distpath
+
+    def _get_project(self, name):
+        dist = self.distpath.get_distribution(name)
+        if dist is None:
+            result = {'urls': {}, 'digests': {}}
+        else:
+            result = {
+                dist.version: dist,
+                'urls': {dist.version: set([dist.source_url])},
+                'digests': {dist.version: set([None])}
+            }
+        return result
+
+
+class AggregatingLocator(Locator):
+    """
+    This class allows you to chain and/or merge a list of locators.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, *locators, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+
+        :param locators: The list of locators to search.
+        :param kwargs: Passed to the superclass constructor,
+                       except for:
+                       * merge - if False (the default), the first successful
+                         search from any of the locators is returned. If True,
+                         the results from all locators are merged (this can be
+                         slow).
+        """
+        self.merge = kwargs.pop('merge', False)
+        self.locators = locators
+        super(AggregatingLocator, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def clear_cache(self):
+        super(AggregatingLocator, self).clear_cache()
+        for locator in self.locators:
+            locator.clear_cache()
+
+    def _set_scheme(self, value):
+        self._scheme = value
+        for locator in self.locators:
+            locator.scheme = value
+
+    scheme = property(Locator.scheme.fget, _set_scheme)
+
+    def _get_project(self, name):
+        result = {}
+        for locator in self.locators:
+            d = locator.get_project(name)
+            if d:
+                if self.merge:
+                    files = result.get('urls', {})
+                    digests = result.get('digests', {})
+                    # next line could overwrite result['urls'], result['digests']
+                    result.update(d)
+                    df = result.get('urls')
+                    if files and df:
+                        for k, v in files.items():
+                            if k in df:
+                                df[k] |= v
+                            else:
+                                df[k] = v
+                    dd = result.get('digests')
+                    if digests and dd:
+                        dd.update(digests)
+                else:
+                    # See issue #18. If any dists are found and we're looking
+                    # for specific constraints, we only return something if
+                    # a match is found. For example, if a DirectoryLocator
+                    # returns just foo (1.0) while we're looking for
+                    # foo (>= 2.0), we'll pretend there was nothing there so
+                    # that subsequent locators can be queried. Otherwise we
+                    # would just return foo (1.0) which would then lead to a
+                    # failure to find foo (>= 2.0), because other locators
+                    # weren't searched. Note that this only matters when
+                    # merge=False.
+                    if self.matcher is None:
+                        found = True
+                    else:
+                        found = False
+                        for k in d:
+                            if self.matcher.match(k):
+                                found = True
+                                break
+                    if found:
+                        result = d
+                        break
+        return result
+
+    def get_distribution_names(self):
+        """
+        Return all the distribution names known to this locator.
+        """
+        result = set()
+        for locator in self.locators:
+            try:
+                result |= locator.get_distribution_names()
+            except NotImplementedError:
+                pass
+        return result
+
+
+# We use a legacy scheme simply because most of the dists on PyPI use legacy
+# versions which don't conform to PEP 426 / PEP 440.
+default_locator = AggregatingLocator(
+                    JSONLocator(),
+                    SimpleScrapingLocator('https://pypi.org/simple/',
+                                          timeout=3.0),
+                    scheme='legacy')
+
+locate = default_locator.locate
+
+
+class DependencyFinder(object):
+    """
+    Locate dependencies for distributions.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, locator=None):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance, using the specified locator
+        to locate distributions.
+        """
+        self.locator = locator or default_locator
+        self.scheme = get_scheme(self.locator.scheme)
+
+    def add_distribution(self, dist):
+        """
+        Add a distribution to the finder. This will update internal information
+        about who provides what.
+        :param dist: The distribution to add.
+        """
+        logger.debug('adding distribution %s', dist)
+        name = dist.key
+        self.dists_by_name[name] = dist
+        self.dists[(name, dist.version)] = dist
+        for p in dist.provides:
+            name, version = parse_name_and_version(p)
+            logger.debug('Add to provided: %s, %s, %s', name, version, dist)
+            self.provided.setdefault(name, set()).add((version, dist))
+
+    def remove_distribution(self, dist):
+        """
+        Remove a distribution from the finder. This will update internal
+        information about who provides what.
+        :param dist: The distribution to remove.
+        """
+        logger.debug('removing distribution %s', dist)
+        name = dist.key
+        del self.dists_by_name[name]
+        del self.dists[(name, dist.version)]
+        for p in dist.provides:
+            name, version = parse_name_and_version(p)
+            logger.debug('Remove from provided: %s, %s, %s', name, version, dist)
+            s = self.provided[name]
+            s.remove((version, dist))
+            if not s:
+                del self.provided[name]
+
+    def get_matcher(self, reqt):
+        """
+        Get a version matcher for a requirement.
+        :param reqt: The requirement
+        :type reqt: str
+        :return: A version matcher (an instance of
+                 :class:`distlib.version.Matcher`).
+        """
+        try:
+            matcher = self.scheme.matcher(reqt)
+        except UnsupportedVersionError:  # pragma: no cover
+            # XXX compat-mode if cannot read the version
+            name = reqt.split()[0]
+            matcher = self.scheme.matcher(name)
+        return matcher
+
+    def find_providers(self, reqt):
+        """
+        Find the distributions which can fulfill a requirement.
+
+        :param reqt: The requirement.
+         :type reqt: str
+        :return: A set of distribution which can fulfill the requirement.
+        """
+        matcher = self.get_matcher(reqt)
+        name = matcher.key   # case-insensitive
+        result = set()
+        provided = self.provided
+        if name in provided:
+            for version, provider in provided[name]:
+                try:
+                    match = matcher.match(version)
+                except UnsupportedVersionError:
+                    match = False
+
+                if match:
+                    result.add(provider)
+                    break
+        return result
+
+    def try_to_replace(self, provider, other, problems):
+        """
+        Attempt to replace one provider with another. This is typically used
+        when resolving dependencies from multiple sources, e.g. A requires
+        (B >= 1.0) while C requires (B >= 1.1).
+
+        For successful replacement, ``provider`` must meet all the requirements
+        which ``other`` fulfills.
+
+        :param provider: The provider we are trying to replace with.
+        :param other: The provider we're trying to replace.
+        :param problems: If False is returned, this will contain what
+                         problems prevented replacement. This is currently
+                         a tuple of the literal string 'cantreplace',
+                         ``provider``, ``other``  and the set of requirements
+                         that ``provider`` couldn't fulfill.
+        :return: True if we can replace ``other`` with ``provider``, else
+                 False.
+        """
+        rlist = self.reqts[other]
+        unmatched = set()
+        for s in rlist:
+            matcher = self.get_matcher(s)
+            if not matcher.match(provider.version):
+                unmatched.add(s)
+        if unmatched:
+            # can't replace other with provider
+            problems.add(('cantreplace', provider, other,
+                          frozenset(unmatched)))
+            result = False
+        else:
+            # can replace other with provider
+            self.remove_distribution(other)
+            del self.reqts[other]
+            for s in rlist:
+                self.reqts.setdefault(provider, set()).add(s)
+            self.add_distribution(provider)
+            result = True
+        return result
+
+    def find(self, requirement, meta_extras=None, prereleases=False):
+        """
+        Find a distribution and all distributions it depends on.
+
+        :param requirement: The requirement specifying the distribution to
+                            find, or a Distribution instance.
+        :param meta_extras: A list of meta extras such as :test:, :build: and
+                            so on.
+        :param prereleases: If ``True``, allow pre-release versions to be
+                            returned - otherwise, don't return prereleases
+                            unless they're all that's available.
+
+        Return a set of :class:`Distribution` instances and a set of
+        problems.
+
+        The distributions returned should be such that they have the
+        :attr:`required` attribute set to ``True`` if they were
+        from the ``requirement`` passed to ``find()``, and they have the
+        :attr:`build_time_dependency` attribute set to ``True`` unless they
+        are post-installation dependencies of the ``requirement``.
+
+        The problems should be a tuple consisting of the string
+        ``'unsatisfied'`` and the requirement which couldn't be satisfied
+        by any distribution known to the locator.
+        """
+
+        self.provided = {}
+        self.dists = {}
+        self.dists_by_name = {}
+        self.reqts = {}
+
+        meta_extras = set(meta_extras or [])
+        if ':*:' in meta_extras:
+            meta_extras.remove(':*:')
+            # :meta: and :run: are implicitly included
+            meta_extras |= set([':test:', ':build:', ':dev:'])
+
+        if isinstance(requirement, Distribution):
+            dist = odist = requirement
+            logger.debug('passed %s as requirement', odist)
+        else:
+            dist = odist = self.locator.locate(requirement,
+                                               prereleases=prereleases)
+            if dist is None:
+                raise DistlibException('Unable to locate %r' % requirement)
+            logger.debug('located %s', odist)
+        dist.requested = True
+        problems = set()
+        todo = set([dist])
+        install_dists = set([odist])
+        while todo:
+            dist = todo.pop()
+            name = dist.key     # case-insensitive
+            if name not in self.dists_by_name:
+                self.add_distribution(dist)
+            else:
+                #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+                other = self.dists_by_name[name]
+                if other != dist:
+                    self.try_to_replace(dist, other, problems)
+
+            ireqts = dist.run_requires | dist.meta_requires
+            sreqts = dist.build_requires
+            ereqts = set()
+            if meta_extras and dist in install_dists:
+                for key in ('test', 'build', 'dev'):
+                    e = ':%s:' % key
+                    if e in meta_extras:
+                        ereqts |= getattr(dist, '%s_requires' % key)
+            all_reqts = ireqts | sreqts | ereqts
+            for r in all_reqts:
+                providers = self.find_providers(r)
+                if not providers:
+                    logger.debug('No providers found for %r', r)
+                    provider = self.locator.locate(r, prereleases=prereleases)
+                    # If no provider is found and we didn't consider
+                    # prereleases, consider them now.
+                    if provider is None and not prereleases:
+                        provider = self.locator.locate(r, prereleases=True)
+                    if provider is None:
+                        logger.debug('Cannot satisfy %r', r)
+                        problems.add(('unsatisfied', r))
+                    else:
+                        n, v = provider.key, provider.version
+                        if (n, v) not in self.dists:
+                            todo.add(provider)
+                        providers.add(provider)
+                        if r in ireqts and dist in install_dists:
+                            install_dists.add(provider)
+                            logger.debug('Adding %s to install_dists',
+                                         provider.name_and_version)
+                for p in providers:
+                    name = p.key
+                    if name not in self.dists_by_name:
+                        self.reqts.setdefault(p, set()).add(r)
+                    else:
+                        other = self.dists_by_name[name]
+                        if other != p:
+                            # see if other can be replaced by p
+                            self.try_to_replace(p, other, problems)
+
+        dists = set(self.dists.values())
+        for dist in dists:
+            dist.build_time_dependency = dist not in install_dists
+            if dist.build_time_dependency:
+                logger.debug('%s is a build-time dependency only.',
+                             dist.name_and_version)
+        logger.debug('find done for %s', odist)
+        return dists, problems
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/manifest.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/manifest.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca0fe44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/manifest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Python Software Foundation.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+"""
+Class representing the list of files in a distribution.
+
+Equivalent to distutils.filelist, but fixes some problems.
+"""
+import fnmatch
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+
+from . import DistlibException
+from .compat import fsdecode
+from .util import convert_path
+
+
+__all__ = ['Manifest']
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# a \ followed by some spaces + EOL
+_COLLAPSE_PATTERN = re.compile('\\\\w*\n', re.M)
+_COMMENTED_LINE = re.compile('#.*?(?=\n)|\n(?=$)', re.M | re.S)
+
+#
+# Due to the different results returned by fnmatch.translate, we need
+# to do slightly different processing for Python 2.7 and 3.2 ... this needed
+# to be brought in for Python 3.6 onwards.
+#
+_PYTHON_VERSION = sys.version_info[:2]
+
+class Manifest(object):
+    """A list of files built by on exploring the filesystem and filtered by
+    applying various patterns to what we find there.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, base=None):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+
+        :param base: The base directory to explore under.
+        """
+        self.base = os.path.abspath(os.path.normpath(base or os.getcwd()))
+        self.prefix = self.base + os.sep
+        self.allfiles = None
+        self.files = set()
+
+    #
+    # Public API
+    #
+
+    def findall(self):
+        """Find all files under the base and set ``allfiles`` to the absolute
+        pathnames of files found.
+        """
+        from stat import S_ISREG, S_ISDIR, S_ISLNK
+
+        self.allfiles = allfiles = []
+        root = self.base
+        stack = [root]
+        pop = stack.pop
+        push = stack.append
+
+        while stack:
+            root = pop()
+            names = os.listdir(root)
+
+            for name in names:
+                fullname = os.path.join(root, name)
+
+                # Avoid excess stat calls -- just one will do, thank you!
+                stat = os.stat(fullname)
+                mode = stat.st_mode
+                if S_ISREG(mode):
+                    allfiles.append(fsdecode(fullname))
+                elif S_ISDIR(mode) and not S_ISLNK(mode):
+                    push(fullname)
+
+    def add(self, item):
+        """
+        Add a file to the manifest.
+
+        :param item: The pathname to add. This can be relative to the base.
+        """
+        if not item.startswith(self.prefix):
+            item = os.path.join(self.base, item)
+        self.files.add(os.path.normpath(item))
+
+    def add_many(self, items):
+        """
+        Add a list of files to the manifest.
+
+        :param items: The pathnames to add. These can be relative to the base.
+        """
+        for item in items:
+            self.add(item)
+
+    def sorted(self, wantdirs=False):
+        """
+        Return sorted files in directory order
+        """
+
+        def add_dir(dirs, d):
+            dirs.add(d)
+            logger.debug('add_dir added %s', d)
+            if d != self.base:
+                parent, _ = os.path.split(d)
+                assert parent not in ('', '/')
+                add_dir(dirs, parent)
+
+        result = set(self.files)    # make a copy!
+        if wantdirs:
+            dirs = set()
+            for f in result:
+                add_dir(dirs, os.path.dirname(f))
+            result |= dirs
+        return [os.path.join(*path_tuple) for path_tuple in
+                sorted(os.path.split(path) for path in result)]
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """Clear all collected files."""
+        self.files = set()
+        self.allfiles = []
+
+    def process_directive(self, directive):
+        """
+        Process a directive which either adds some files from ``allfiles`` to
+        ``files``, or removes some files from ``files``.
+
+        :param directive: The directive to process. This should be in a format
+                     compatible with distutils ``MANIFEST.in`` files:
+
+                     http://docs.python.org/distutils/sourcedist.html#commands
+        """
+        # Parse the line: split it up, make sure the right number of words
+        # is there, and return the relevant words.  'action' is always
+        # defined: it's the first word of the line.  Which of the other
+        # three are defined depends on the action; it'll be either
+        # patterns, (dir and patterns), or (dirpattern).
+        action, patterns, thedir, dirpattern = self._parse_directive(directive)
+
+        # OK, now we know that the action is valid and we have the
+        # right number of words on the line for that action -- so we
+        # can proceed with minimal error-checking.
+        if action == 'include':
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self._include_pattern(pattern, anchor=True):
+                    logger.warning('no files found matching %r', pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'exclude':
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                found = self._exclude_pattern(pattern, anchor=True)
+                #if not found:
+                #    logger.warning('no previously-included files '
+                #                   'found matching %r', pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'global-include':
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self._include_pattern(pattern, anchor=False):
+                    logger.warning('no files found matching %r '
+                                   'anywhere in distribution', pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'global-exclude':
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                found = self._exclude_pattern(pattern, anchor=False)
+                #if not found:
+                #    logger.warning('no previously-included files '
+                #                   'matching %r found anywhere in '
+                #                   'distribution', pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'recursive-include':
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self._include_pattern(pattern, prefix=thedir):
+                    logger.warning('no files found matching %r '
+                                   'under directory %r', pattern, thedir)
+
+        elif action == 'recursive-exclude':
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                found = self._exclude_pattern(pattern, prefix=thedir)
+                #if not found:
+                #    logger.warning('no previously-included files '
+                #                   'matching %r found under directory %r',
+                #                   pattern, thedir)
+
+        elif action == 'graft':
+            if not self._include_pattern(None, prefix=dirpattern):
+                logger.warning('no directories found matching %r',
+                               dirpattern)
+
+        elif action == 'prune':
+            if not self._exclude_pattern(None, prefix=dirpattern):
+                logger.warning('no previously-included directories found '
+                               'matching %r', dirpattern)
+        else:   # pragma: no cover
+            # This should never happen, as it should be caught in
+            # _parse_template_line
+            raise DistlibException(
+                'invalid action %r' % action)
+
+    #
+    # Private API
+    #
+
+    def _parse_directive(self, directive):
+        """
+        Validate a directive.
+        :param directive: The directive to validate.
+        :return: A tuple of action, patterns, thedir, dir_patterns
+        """
+        words = directive.split()
+        if len(words) == 1 and words[0] not in ('include', 'exclude',
+                                                'global-include',
+                                                'global-exclude',
+                                                'recursive-include',
+                                                'recursive-exclude',
+                                                'graft', 'prune'):
+            # no action given, let's use the default 'include'
+            words.insert(0, 'include')
+
+        action = words[0]
+        patterns = thedir = dir_pattern = None
+
+        if action in ('include', 'exclude',
+                      'global-include', 'global-exclude'):
+            if len(words) < 2:
+                raise DistlibException(
+                    '%r expects <pattern1> <pattern2> ...' % action)
+
+            patterns = [convert_path(word) for word in words[1:]]
+
+        elif action in ('recursive-include', 'recursive-exclude'):
+            if len(words) < 3:
+                raise DistlibException(
+                    '%r expects <dir> <pattern1> <pattern2> ...' % action)
+
+            thedir = convert_path(words[1])
+            patterns = [convert_path(word) for word in words[2:]]
+
+        elif action in ('graft', 'prune'):
+            if len(words) != 2:
+                raise DistlibException(
+                    '%r expects a single <dir_pattern>' % action)
+
+            dir_pattern = convert_path(words[1])
+
+        else:
+            raise DistlibException('unknown action %r' % action)
+
+        return action, patterns, thedir, dir_pattern
+
+    def _include_pattern(self, pattern, anchor=True, prefix=None,
+                         is_regex=False):
+        """Select strings (presumably filenames) from 'self.files' that
+        match 'pattern', a Unix-style wildcard (glob) pattern.
+
+        Patterns are not quite the same as implemented by the 'fnmatch'
+        module: '*' and '?'  match non-special characters, where "special"
+        is platform-dependent: slash on Unix; colon, slash, and backslash on
+        DOS/Windows; and colon on Mac OS.
+
+        If 'anchor' is true (the default), then the pattern match is more
+        stringent: "*.py" will match "foo.py" but not "foo/bar.py".  If
+        'anchor' is false, both of these will match.
+
+        If 'prefix' is supplied, then only filenames starting with 'prefix'
+        (itself a pattern) and ending with 'pattern', with anything in between
+        them, will match.  'anchor' is ignored in this case.
+
+        If 'is_regex' is true, 'anchor' and 'prefix' are ignored, and
+        'pattern' is assumed to be either a string containing a regex or a
+        regex object -- no translation is done, the regex is just compiled
+        and used as-is.
+
+        Selected strings will be added to self.files.
+
+        Return True if files are found.
+        """
+        # XXX docstring lying about what the special chars are?
+        found = False
+        pattern_re = self._translate_pattern(pattern, anchor, prefix, is_regex)
+
+        # delayed loading of allfiles list
+        if self.allfiles is None:
+            self.findall()
+
+        for name in self.allfiles:
+            if pattern_re.search(name):
+                self.files.add(name)
+                found = True
+        return found
+
+    def _exclude_pattern(self, pattern, anchor=True, prefix=None,
+                         is_regex=False):
+        """Remove strings (presumably filenames) from 'files' that match
+        'pattern'.
+
+        Other parameters are the same as for 'include_pattern()', above.
+        The list 'self.files' is modified in place. Return True if files are
+        found.
+
+        This API is public to allow e.g. exclusion of SCM subdirs, e.g. when
+        packaging source distributions
+        """
+        found = False
+        pattern_re = self._translate_pattern(pattern, anchor, prefix, is_regex)
+        for f in list(self.files):
+            if pattern_re.search(f):
+                self.files.remove(f)
+                found = True
+        return found
+
+    def _translate_pattern(self, pattern, anchor=True, prefix=None,
+                           is_regex=False):
+        """Translate a shell-like wildcard pattern to a compiled regular
+        expression.
+
+        Return the compiled regex.  If 'is_regex' true,
+        then 'pattern' is directly compiled to a regex (if it's a string)
+        or just returned as-is (assumes it's a regex object).
+        """
+        if is_regex:
+            if isinstance(pattern, str):
+                return re.compile(pattern)
+            else:
+                return pattern
+
+        if _PYTHON_VERSION > (3, 2):
+            # ditch start and end characters
+            start, _, end = self._glob_to_re('_').partition('_')
+
+        if pattern:
+            pattern_re = self._glob_to_re(pattern)
+            if _PYTHON_VERSION > (3, 2):
+                assert pattern_re.startswith(start) and pattern_re.endswith(end)
+        else:
+            pattern_re = ''
+
+        base = re.escape(os.path.join(self.base, ''))
+        if prefix is not None:
+            # ditch end of pattern character
+            if _PYTHON_VERSION <= (3, 2):
+                empty_pattern = self._glob_to_re('')
+                prefix_re = self._glob_to_re(prefix)[:-len(empty_pattern)]
+            else:
+                prefix_re = self._glob_to_re(prefix)
+                assert prefix_re.startswith(start) and prefix_re.endswith(end)
+                prefix_re = prefix_re[len(start): len(prefix_re) - len(end)]
+            sep = os.sep
+            if os.sep == '\\':
+                sep = r'\\'
+            if _PYTHON_VERSION <= (3, 2):
+                pattern_re = '^' + base + sep.join((prefix_re,
+                                                    '.*' + pattern_re))
+            else:
+                pattern_re = pattern_re[len(start): len(pattern_re) - len(end)]
+                pattern_re = r'%s%s%s%s.*%s%s' % (start, base, prefix_re, sep,
+                                                  pattern_re, end)
+        else:  # no prefix -- respect anchor flag
+            if anchor:
+                if _PYTHON_VERSION <= (3, 2):
+                    pattern_re = '^' + base + pattern_re
+                else:
+                    pattern_re = r'%s%s%s' % (start, base, pattern_re[len(start):])
+
+        return re.compile(pattern_re)
+
+    def _glob_to_re(self, pattern):
+        """Translate a shell-like glob pattern to a regular expression.
+
+        Return a string containing the regex.  Differs from
+        'fnmatch.translate()' in that '*' does not match "special characters"
+        (which are platform-specific).
+        """
+        pattern_re = fnmatch.translate(pattern)
+
+        # '?' and '*' in the glob pattern become '.' and '.*' in the RE, which
+        # IMHO is wrong -- '?' and '*' aren't supposed to match slash in Unix,
+        # and by extension they shouldn't match such "special characters" under
+        # any OS.  So change all non-escaped dots in the RE to match any
+        # character except the special characters (currently: just os.sep).
+        sep = os.sep
+        if os.sep == '\\':
+            # we're using a regex to manipulate a regex, so we need
+            # to escape the backslash twice
+            sep = r'\\\\'
+        escaped = r'\1[^%s]' % sep
+        pattern_re = re.sub(r'((?<!\\)(\\\\)*)\.', escaped, pattern_re)
+        return pattern_re
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/markers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/markers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b43136f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/markers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2017 Vinay Sajip.
+# Licensed to the Python Software Foundation under a contributor agreement.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+"""
+Parser for the environment markers micro-language defined in PEP 508.
+"""
+
+# Note: In PEP 345, the micro-language was Python compatible, so the ast
+# module could be used to parse it. However, PEP 508 introduced operators such
+# as ~= and === which aren't in Python, necessitating a different approach.
+
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import platform
+
+from .compat import string_types
+from .util import in_venv, parse_marker
+from .version import NormalizedVersion as NV
+
+__all__ = ['interpret']
+
+_VERSION_PATTERN = re.compile(r'((\d+(\.\d+)*\w*)|\'(\d+(\.\d+)*\w*)\'|\"(\d+(\.\d+)*\w*)\")')
+
+def _is_literal(o):
+    if not isinstance(o, string_types) or not o:
+        return False
+    return o[0] in '\'"'
+
+def _get_versions(s):
+    result = []
+    for m in _VERSION_PATTERN.finditer(s):
+        result.append(NV(m.groups()[0]))
+    return set(result)
+
+class Evaluator(object):
+    """
+    This class is used to evaluate marker expessions.
+    """
+
+    operations = {
+        '==': lambda x, y: x == y,
+        '===': lambda x, y: x == y,
+        '~=': lambda x, y: x == y or x > y,
+        '!=': lambda x, y: x != y,
+        '<':  lambda x, y: x < y,
+        '<=':  lambda x, y: x == y or x < y,
+        '>':  lambda x, y: x > y,
+        '>=':  lambda x, y: x == y or x > y,
+        'and': lambda x, y: x and y,
+        'or': lambda x, y: x or y,
+        'in': lambda x, y: x in y,
+        'not in': lambda x, y: x not in y,
+    }
+
+    def evaluate(self, expr, context):
+        """
+        Evaluate a marker expression returned by the :func:`parse_requirement`
+        function in the specified context.
+        """
+        if isinstance(expr, string_types):
+            if expr[0] in '\'"':
+                result = expr[1:-1]
+            else:
+                if expr not in context:
+                    raise SyntaxError('unknown variable: %s' % expr)
+                result = context[expr]
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(expr, dict)
+            op = expr['op']
+            if op not in self.operations:
+                raise NotImplementedError('op not implemented: %s' % op)
+            elhs = expr['lhs']
+            erhs = expr['rhs']
+            if _is_literal(expr['lhs']) and _is_literal(expr['rhs']):
+                raise SyntaxError('invalid comparison: %s %s %s' % (elhs, op, erhs))
+
+            lhs = self.evaluate(elhs, context)
+            rhs = self.evaluate(erhs, context)
+            if ((elhs == 'python_version' or erhs == 'python_version') and
+                op in ('<', '<=', '>', '>=', '===', '==', '!=', '~=')):
+                lhs = NV(lhs)
+                rhs = NV(rhs)
+            elif elhs == 'python_version' and op in ('in', 'not in'):
+                lhs = NV(lhs)
+                rhs = _get_versions(rhs)
+            result = self.operations[op](lhs, rhs)
+        return result
+
+def default_context():
+    def format_full_version(info):
+        version = '%s.%s.%s' % (info.major, info.minor, info.micro)
+        kind = info.releaselevel
+        if kind != 'final':
+            version += kind[0] + str(info.serial)
+        return version
+
+    if hasattr(sys, 'implementation'):
+        implementation_version = format_full_version(sys.implementation.version)
+        implementation_name = sys.implementation.name
+    else:
+        implementation_version = '0'
+        implementation_name = ''
+
+    result = {
+        'implementation_name': implementation_name,
+        'implementation_version': implementation_version,
+        'os_name': os.name,
+        'platform_machine': platform.machine(),
+        'platform_python_implementation': platform.python_implementation(),
+        'platform_release': platform.release(),
+        'platform_system': platform.system(),
+        'platform_version': platform.version(),
+        'platform_in_venv': str(in_venv()),
+        'python_full_version': platform.python_version(),
+        'python_version': platform.python_version()[:3],
+        'sys_platform': sys.platform,
+    }
+    return result
+
+DEFAULT_CONTEXT = default_context()
+del default_context
+
+evaluator = Evaluator()
+
+def interpret(marker, execution_context=None):
+    """
+    Interpret a marker and return a result depending on environment.
+
+    :param marker: The marker to interpret.
+    :type marker: str
+    :param execution_context: The context used for name lookup.
+    :type execution_context: mapping
+    """
+    try:
+        expr, rest = parse_marker(marker)
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise SyntaxError('Unable to interpret marker syntax: %s: %s' % (marker, e))
+    if rest and rest[0] != '#':
+        raise SyntaxError('unexpected trailing data in marker: %s: %s' % (marker, rest))
+    context = dict(DEFAULT_CONTEXT)
+    if execution_context:
+        context.update(execution_context)
+    return evaluator.evaluate(expr, context)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/metadata.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/metadata.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a26b0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/metadata.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1058 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012 The Python Software Foundation.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+"""Implementation of the Metadata for Python packages PEPs.
+
+Supports all metadata formats (1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3/2.1 and withdrawn 2.0).
+"""
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import codecs
+from email import message_from_file
+import json
+import logging
+import re
+
+
+from . import DistlibException, __version__
+from .compat import StringIO, string_types, text_type
+from .markers import interpret
+from .util import extract_by_key, get_extras
+from .version import get_scheme, PEP440_VERSION_RE
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class MetadataMissingError(DistlibException):
+    """A required metadata is missing"""
+
+
+class MetadataConflictError(DistlibException):
+    """Attempt to read or write metadata fields that are conflictual."""
+
+
+class MetadataUnrecognizedVersionError(DistlibException):
+    """Unknown metadata version number."""
+
+
+class MetadataInvalidError(DistlibException):
+    """A metadata value is invalid"""
+
+# public API of this module
+__all__ = ['Metadata', 'PKG_INFO_ENCODING', 'PKG_INFO_PREFERRED_VERSION']
+
+# Encoding used for the PKG-INFO files
+PKG_INFO_ENCODING = 'utf-8'
+
+# preferred version. Hopefully will be changed
+# to 1.2 once PEP 345 is supported everywhere
+PKG_INFO_PREFERRED_VERSION = '1.1'
+
+_LINE_PREFIX_1_2 = re.compile('\n       \\|')
+_LINE_PREFIX_PRE_1_2 = re.compile('\n        ')
+_241_FIELDS = ('Metadata-Version', 'Name', 'Version', 'Platform',
+               'Summary', 'Description',
+               'Keywords', 'Home-page', 'Author', 'Author-email',
+               'License')
+
+_314_FIELDS = ('Metadata-Version', 'Name', 'Version', 'Platform',
+               'Supported-Platform', 'Summary', 'Description',
+               'Keywords', 'Home-page', 'Author', 'Author-email',
+               'License', 'Classifier', 'Download-URL', 'Obsoletes',
+               'Provides', 'Requires')
+
+_314_MARKERS = ('Obsoletes', 'Provides', 'Requires', 'Classifier',
+                'Download-URL')
+
+_345_FIELDS = ('Metadata-Version', 'Name', 'Version', 'Platform',
+               'Supported-Platform', 'Summary', 'Description',
+               'Keywords', 'Home-page', 'Author', 'Author-email',
+               'Maintainer', 'Maintainer-email', 'License',
+               'Classifier', 'Download-URL', 'Obsoletes-Dist',
+               'Project-URL', 'Provides-Dist', 'Requires-Dist',
+               'Requires-Python', 'Requires-External')
+
+_345_MARKERS = ('Provides-Dist', 'Requires-Dist', 'Requires-Python',
+                'Obsoletes-Dist', 'Requires-External', 'Maintainer',
+                'Maintainer-email', 'Project-URL')
+
+_426_FIELDS = ('Metadata-Version', 'Name', 'Version', 'Platform',
+               'Supported-Platform', 'Summary', 'Description',
+               'Keywords', 'Home-page', 'Author', 'Author-email',
+               'Maintainer', 'Maintainer-email', 'License',
+               'Classifier', 'Download-URL', 'Obsoletes-Dist',
+               'Project-URL', 'Provides-Dist', 'Requires-Dist',
+               'Requires-Python', 'Requires-External', 'Private-Version',
+               'Obsoleted-By', 'Setup-Requires-Dist', 'Extension',
+               'Provides-Extra')
+
+_426_MARKERS = ('Private-Version', 'Provides-Extra', 'Obsoleted-By',
+                'Setup-Requires-Dist', 'Extension')
+
+# See issue #106: Sometimes 'Requires' and 'Provides' occur wrongly in
+# the metadata. Include them in the tuple literal below to allow them
+# (for now).
+# Ditto for Obsoletes - see issue #140.
+_566_FIELDS = _426_FIELDS + ('Description-Content-Type',
+                             'Requires', 'Provides', 'Obsoletes')
+
+_566_MARKERS = ('Description-Content-Type',)
+
+_ALL_FIELDS = set()
+_ALL_FIELDS.update(_241_FIELDS)
+_ALL_FIELDS.update(_314_FIELDS)
+_ALL_FIELDS.update(_345_FIELDS)
+_ALL_FIELDS.update(_426_FIELDS)
+_ALL_FIELDS.update(_566_FIELDS)
+
+EXTRA_RE = re.compile(r'''extra\s*==\s*("([^"]+)"|'([^']+)')''')
+
+
+def _version2fieldlist(version):
+    if version == '1.0':
+        return _241_FIELDS
+    elif version == '1.1':
+        return _314_FIELDS
+    elif version == '1.2':
+        return _345_FIELDS
+    elif version in ('1.3', '2.1'):
+        # avoid adding field names if already there
+        return _345_FIELDS + tuple(f for f in _566_FIELDS if f not in _345_FIELDS)
+    elif version == '2.0':
+        return _426_FIELDS
+    raise MetadataUnrecognizedVersionError(version)
+
+
+def _best_version(fields):
+    """Detect the best version depending on the fields used."""
+    def _has_marker(keys, markers):
+        for marker in markers:
+            if marker in keys:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    keys = []
+    for key, value in fields.items():
+        if value in ([], 'UNKNOWN', None):
+            continue
+        keys.append(key)
+
+    possible_versions = ['1.0', '1.1', '1.2', '1.3', '2.0', '2.1']
+
+    # first let's try to see if a field is not part of one of the version
+    for key in keys:
+        if key not in _241_FIELDS and '1.0' in possible_versions:
+            possible_versions.remove('1.0')
+            logger.debug('Removed 1.0 due to %s', key)
+        if key not in _314_FIELDS and '1.1' in possible_versions:
+            possible_versions.remove('1.1')
+            logger.debug('Removed 1.1 due to %s', key)
+        if key not in _345_FIELDS and '1.2' in possible_versions:
+            possible_versions.remove('1.2')
+            logger.debug('Removed 1.2 due to %s', key)
+        if key not in _566_FIELDS and '1.3' in possible_versions:
+            possible_versions.remove('1.3')
+            logger.debug('Removed 1.3 due to %s', key)
+        if key not in _566_FIELDS and '2.1' in possible_versions:
+            if key != 'Description':  # In 2.1, description allowed after headers
+                possible_versions.remove('2.1')
+                logger.debug('Removed 2.1 due to %s', key)
+        if key not in _426_FIELDS and '2.0' in possible_versions:
+            possible_versions.remove('2.0')
+            logger.debug('Removed 2.0 due to %s', key)
+
+    # possible_version contains qualified versions
+    if len(possible_versions) == 1:
+        return possible_versions[0]   # found !
+    elif len(possible_versions) == 0:
+        logger.debug('Out of options - unknown metadata set: %s', fields)
+        raise MetadataConflictError('Unknown metadata set')
+
+    # let's see if one unique marker is found
+    is_1_1 = '1.1' in possible_versions and _has_marker(keys, _314_MARKERS)
+    is_1_2 = '1.2' in possible_versions and _has_marker(keys, _345_MARKERS)
+    is_2_1 = '2.1' in possible_versions and _has_marker(keys, _566_MARKERS)
+    is_2_0 = '2.0' in possible_versions and _has_marker(keys, _426_MARKERS)
+    if int(is_1_1) + int(is_1_2) + int(is_2_1) + int(is_2_0) > 1:
+        raise MetadataConflictError('You used incompatible 1.1/1.2/2.0/2.1 fields')
+
+    # we have the choice, 1.0, or 1.2, or 2.0
+    #   - 1.0 has a broken Summary field but works with all tools
+    #   - 1.1 is to avoid
+    #   - 1.2 fixes Summary but has little adoption
+    #   - 2.0 adds more features and is very new
+    if not is_1_1 and not is_1_2 and not is_2_1 and not is_2_0:
+        # we couldn't find any specific marker
+        if PKG_INFO_PREFERRED_VERSION in possible_versions:
+            return PKG_INFO_PREFERRED_VERSION
+    if is_1_1:
+        return '1.1'
+    if is_1_2:
+        return '1.2'
+    if is_2_1:
+        return '2.1'
+
+    return '2.0'
+
+# This follows the rules about transforming keys as described in
+# https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0566/#id17
+_ATTR2FIELD = {
+    name.lower().replace("-", "_"): name for name in _ALL_FIELDS
+}
+_FIELD2ATTR = {field: attr for attr, field in _ATTR2FIELD.items()}
+
+_PREDICATE_FIELDS = ('Requires-Dist', 'Obsoletes-Dist', 'Provides-Dist')
+_VERSIONS_FIELDS = ('Requires-Python',)
+_VERSION_FIELDS = ('Version',)
+_LISTFIELDS = ('Platform', 'Classifier', 'Obsoletes',
+               'Requires', 'Provides', 'Obsoletes-Dist',
+               'Provides-Dist', 'Requires-Dist', 'Requires-External',
+               'Project-URL', 'Supported-Platform', 'Setup-Requires-Dist',
+               'Provides-Extra', 'Extension')
+_LISTTUPLEFIELDS = ('Project-URL',)
+
+_ELEMENTSFIELD = ('Keywords',)
+
+_UNICODEFIELDS = ('Author', 'Maintainer', 'Summary', 'Description')
+
+_MISSING = object()
+
+_FILESAFE = re.compile('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+')
+
+
+def _get_name_and_version(name, version, for_filename=False):
+    """Return the distribution name with version.
+
+    If for_filename is true, return a filename-escaped form."""
+    if for_filename:
+        # For both name and version any runs of non-alphanumeric or '.'
+        # characters are replaced with a single '-'.  Additionally any
+        # spaces in the version string become '.'
+        name = _FILESAFE.sub('-', name)
+        version = _FILESAFE.sub('-', version.replace(' ', '.'))
+    return '%s-%s' % (name, version)
+
+
+class LegacyMetadata(object):
+    """The legacy metadata of a release.
+
+    Supports versions 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 2.0 and 1.3/2.1 (auto-detected). You can
+    instantiate the class with one of these arguments (or none):
+    - *path*, the path to a metadata file
+    - *fileobj* give a file-like object with metadata as content
+    - *mapping* is a dict-like object
+    - *scheme* is a version scheme name
+    """
+    # TODO document the mapping API and UNKNOWN default key
+
+    def __init__(self, path=None, fileobj=None, mapping=None,
+                 scheme='default'):
+        if [path, fileobj, mapping].count(None) < 2:
+            raise TypeError('path, fileobj and mapping are exclusive')
+        self._fields = {}
+        self.requires_files = []
+        self._dependencies = None
+        self.scheme = scheme
+        if path is not None:
+            self.read(path)
+        elif fileobj is not None:
+            self.read_file(fileobj)
+        elif mapping is not None:
+            self.update(mapping)
+            self.set_metadata_version()
+
+    def set_metadata_version(self):
+        self._fields['Metadata-Version'] = _best_version(self._fields)
+
+    def _write_field(self, fileobj, name, value):
+        fileobj.write('%s: %s\n' % (name, value))
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name):
+        return self.get(name)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, name, value):
+        return self.set(name, value)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, name):
+        field_name = self._convert_name(name)
+        try:
+            del self._fields[field_name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise KeyError(name)
+
+    def __contains__(self, name):
+        return (name in self._fields or
+                self._convert_name(name) in self._fields)
+
+    def _convert_name(self, name):
+        if name in _ALL_FIELDS:
+            return name
+        name = name.replace('-', '_').lower()
+        return _ATTR2FIELD.get(name, name)
+
+    def _default_value(self, name):
+        if name in _LISTFIELDS or name in _ELEMENTSFIELD:
+            return []
+        return 'UNKNOWN'
+
+    def _remove_line_prefix(self, value):
+        if self.metadata_version in ('1.0', '1.1'):
+            return _LINE_PREFIX_PRE_1_2.sub('\n', value)
+        else:
+            return _LINE_PREFIX_1_2.sub('\n', value)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name in _ATTR2FIELD:
+            return self[name]
+        raise AttributeError(name)
+
+    #
+    # Public API
+    #
+
+#    dependencies = property(_get_dependencies, _set_dependencies)
+
+    def get_fullname(self, filesafe=False):
+        """Return the distribution name with version.
+
+        If filesafe is true, return a filename-escaped form."""
+        return _get_name_and_version(self['Name'], self['Version'], filesafe)
+
+    def is_field(self, name):
+        """return True if name is a valid metadata key"""
+        name = self._convert_name(name)
+        return name in _ALL_FIELDS
+
+    def is_multi_field(self, name):
+        name = self._convert_name(name)
+        return name in _LISTFIELDS
+
+    def read(self, filepath):
+        """Read the metadata values from a file path."""
+        fp = codecs.open(filepath, 'r', encoding='utf-8')
+        try:
+            self.read_file(fp)
+        finally:
+            fp.close()
+
+    def read_file(self, fileob):
+        """Read the metadata values from a file object."""
+        msg = message_from_file(fileob)
+        self._fields['Metadata-Version'] = msg['metadata-version']
+
+        # When reading, get all the fields we can
+        for field in _ALL_FIELDS:
+            if field not in msg:
+                continue
+            if field in _LISTFIELDS:
+                # we can have multiple lines
+                values = msg.get_all(field)
+                if field in _LISTTUPLEFIELDS and values is not None:
+                    values = [tuple(value.split(',')) for value in values]
+                self.set(field, values)
+            else:
+                # single line
+                value = msg[field]
+                if value is not None and value != 'UNKNOWN':
+                    self.set(field, value)
+
+        # PEP 566 specifies that the body be used for the description, if
+        # available
+        body = msg.get_payload()
+        self["Description"] = body if body else self["Description"]
+        # logger.debug('Attempting to set metadata for %s', self)
+        # self.set_metadata_version()
+
+    def write(self, filepath, skip_unknown=False):
+        """Write the metadata fields to filepath."""
+        fp = codecs.open(filepath, 'w', encoding='utf-8')
+        try:
+            self.write_file(fp, skip_unknown)
+        finally:
+            fp.close()
+
+    def write_file(self, fileobject, skip_unknown=False):
+        """Write the PKG-INFO format data to a file object."""
+        self.set_metadata_version()
+
+        for field in _version2fieldlist(self['Metadata-Version']):
+            values = self.get(field)
+            if skip_unknown and values in ('UNKNOWN', [], ['UNKNOWN']):
+                continue
+            if field in _ELEMENTSFIELD:
+                self._write_field(fileobject, field, ','.join(values))
+                continue
+            if field not in _LISTFIELDS:
+                if field == 'Description':
+                    if self.metadata_version in ('1.0', '1.1'):
+                        values = values.replace('\n', '\n        ')
+                    else:
+                        values = values.replace('\n', '\n       |')
+                values = [values]
+
+            if field in _LISTTUPLEFIELDS:
+                values = [','.join(value) for value in values]
+
+            for value in values:
+                self._write_field(fileobject, field, value)
+
+    def update(self, other=None, **kwargs):
+        """Set metadata values from the given iterable `other` and kwargs.
+
+        Behavior is like `dict.update`: If `other` has a ``keys`` method,
+        they are looped over and ``self[key]`` is assigned ``other[key]``.
+        Else, ``other`` is an iterable of ``(key, value)`` iterables.
+
+        Keys that don't match a metadata field or that have an empty value are
+        dropped.
+        """
+        def _set(key, value):
+            if key in _ATTR2FIELD and value:
+                self.set(self._convert_name(key), value)
+
+        if not other:
+            # other is None or empty container
+            pass
+        elif hasattr(other, 'keys'):
+            for k in other.keys():
+                _set(k, other[k])
+        else:
+            for k, v in other:
+                _set(k, v)
+
+        if kwargs:
+            for k, v in kwargs.items():
+                _set(k, v)
+
+    def set(self, name, value):
+        """Control then set a metadata field."""
+        name = self._convert_name(name)
+
+        if ((name in _ELEMENTSFIELD or name == 'Platform') and
+            not isinstance(value, (list, tuple))):
+            if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                value = [v.strip() for v in value.split(',')]
+            else:
+                value = []
+        elif (name in _LISTFIELDS and
+              not isinstance(value, (list, tuple))):
+            if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                value = [value]
+            else:
+                value = []
+
+        if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.WARNING):
+            project_name = self['Name']
+
+            scheme = get_scheme(self.scheme)
+            if name in _PREDICATE_FIELDS and value is not None:
+                for v in value:
+                    # check that the values are valid
+                    if not scheme.is_valid_matcher(v.split(';')[0]):
+                        logger.warning(
+                            "'%s': '%s' is not valid (field '%s')",
+                            project_name, v, name)
+            # FIXME this rejects UNKNOWN, is that right?
+            elif name in _VERSIONS_FIELDS and value is not None:
+                if not scheme.is_valid_constraint_list(value):
+                    logger.warning("'%s': '%s' is not a valid version (field '%s')",
+                                   project_name, value, name)
+            elif name in _VERSION_FIELDS and value is not None:
+                if not scheme.is_valid_version(value):
+                    logger.warning("'%s': '%s' is not a valid version (field '%s')",
+                                   project_name, value, name)
+
+        if name in _UNICODEFIELDS:
+            if name == 'Description':
+                value = self._remove_line_prefix(value)
+
+        self._fields[name] = value
+
+    def get(self, name, default=_MISSING):
+        """Get a metadata field."""
+        name = self._convert_name(name)
+        if name not in self._fields:
+            if default is _MISSING:
+                default = self._default_value(name)
+            return default
+        if name in _UNICODEFIELDS:
+            value = self._fields[name]
+            return value
+        elif name in _LISTFIELDS:
+            value = self._fields[name]
+            if value is None:
+                return []
+            res = []
+            for val in value:
+                if name not in _LISTTUPLEFIELDS:
+                    res.append(val)
+                else:
+                    # That's for Project-URL
+                    res.append((val[0], val[1]))
+            return res
+
+        elif name in _ELEMENTSFIELD:
+            value = self._fields[name]
+            if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                return value.split(',')
+        return self._fields[name]
+
+    def check(self, strict=False):
+        """Check if the metadata is compliant. If strict is True then raise if
+        no Name or Version are provided"""
+        self.set_metadata_version()
+
+        # XXX should check the versions (if the file was loaded)
+        missing, warnings = [], []
+
+        for attr in ('Name', 'Version'):  # required by PEP 345
+            if attr not in self:
+                missing.append(attr)
+
+        if strict and missing != []:
+            msg = 'missing required metadata: %s' % ', '.join(missing)
+            raise MetadataMissingError(msg)
+
+        for attr in ('Home-page', 'Author'):
+            if attr not in self:
+                missing.append(attr)
+
+        # checking metadata 1.2 (XXX needs to check 1.1, 1.0)
+        if self['Metadata-Version'] != '1.2':
+            return missing, warnings
+
+        scheme = get_scheme(self.scheme)
+
+        def are_valid_constraints(value):
+            for v in value:
+                if not scheme.is_valid_matcher(v.split(';')[0]):
+                    return False
+            return True
+
+        for fields, controller in ((_PREDICATE_FIELDS, are_valid_constraints),
+                                   (_VERSIONS_FIELDS,
+                                    scheme.is_valid_constraint_list),
+                                   (_VERSION_FIELDS,
+                                    scheme.is_valid_version)):
+            for field in fields:
+                value = self.get(field, None)
+                if value is not None and not controller(value):
+                    warnings.append("Wrong value for '%s': %s" % (field, value))
+
+        return missing, warnings
+
+    def todict(self, skip_missing=False):
+        """Return fields as a dict.
+
+        Field names will be converted to use the underscore-lowercase style
+        instead of hyphen-mixed case (i.e. home_page instead of Home-page).
+        This is as per https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0566/#id17.
+        """
+        self.set_metadata_version()
+
+        fields = _version2fieldlist(self['Metadata-Version'])
+
+        data = {}
+
+        for field_name in fields:
+            if not skip_missing or field_name in self._fields:
+                key = _FIELD2ATTR[field_name]
+                if key != 'project_url':
+                    data[key] = self[field_name]
+                else:
+                    data[key] = [','.join(u) for u in self[field_name]]
+
+        return data
+
+    def add_requirements(self, requirements):
+        if self['Metadata-Version'] == '1.1':
+            # we can't have 1.1 metadata *and* Setuptools requires
+            for field in ('Obsoletes', 'Requires', 'Provides'):
+                if field in self:
+                    del self[field]
+        self['Requires-Dist'] += requirements
+
+    # Mapping API
+    # TODO could add iter* variants
+
+    def keys(self):
+        return list(_version2fieldlist(self['Metadata-Version']))
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for key in self.keys():
+            yield key
+
+    def values(self):
+        return [self[key] for key in self.keys()]
+
+    def items(self):
+        return [(key, self[key]) for key in self.keys()]
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<%s %s %s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.name,
+                               self.version)
+
+
+METADATA_FILENAME = 'pydist.json'
+WHEEL_METADATA_FILENAME = 'metadata.json'
+LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME = 'METADATA'
+
+
+class Metadata(object):
+    """
+    The metadata of a release. This implementation uses 2.0 (JSON)
+    metadata where possible. If not possible, it wraps a LegacyMetadata
+    instance which handles the key-value metadata format.
+    """
+
+    METADATA_VERSION_MATCHER = re.compile(r'^\d+(\.\d+)*$')
+
+    NAME_MATCHER = re.compile('^[0-9A-Z]([0-9A-Z_.-]*[0-9A-Z])?$', re.I)
+
+    VERSION_MATCHER = PEP440_VERSION_RE
+
+    SUMMARY_MATCHER = re.compile('.{1,2047}')
+
+    METADATA_VERSION = '2.0'
+
+    GENERATOR = 'distlib (%s)' % __version__
+
+    MANDATORY_KEYS = {
+        'name': (),
+        'version': (),
+        'summary': ('legacy',),
+    }
+
+    INDEX_KEYS = ('name version license summary description author '
+                  'author_email keywords platform home_page classifiers '
+                  'download_url')
+
+    DEPENDENCY_KEYS = ('extras run_requires test_requires build_requires '
+                       'dev_requires provides meta_requires obsoleted_by '
+                       'supports_environments')
+
+    SYNTAX_VALIDATORS = {
+        'metadata_version': (METADATA_VERSION_MATCHER, ()),
+        'name': (NAME_MATCHER, ('legacy',)),
+        'version': (VERSION_MATCHER, ('legacy',)),
+        'summary': (SUMMARY_MATCHER, ('legacy',)),
+    }
+
+    __slots__ = ('_legacy', '_data', 'scheme')
+
+    def __init__(self, path=None, fileobj=None, mapping=None,
+                 scheme='default'):
+        if [path, fileobj, mapping].count(None) < 2:
+            raise TypeError('path, fileobj and mapping are exclusive')
+        self._legacy = None
+        self._data = None
+        self.scheme = scheme
+        #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+        if mapping is not None:
+            try:
+                self._validate_mapping(mapping, scheme)
+                self._data = mapping
+            except MetadataUnrecognizedVersionError:
+                self._legacy = LegacyMetadata(mapping=mapping, scheme=scheme)
+                self.validate()
+        else:
+            data = None
+            if path:
+                with open(path, 'rb') as f:
+                    data = f.read()
+            elif fileobj:
+                data = fileobj.read()
+            if data is None:
+                # Initialised with no args - to be added
+                self._data = {
+                    'metadata_version': self.METADATA_VERSION,
+                    'generator': self.GENERATOR,
+                }
+            else:
+                if not isinstance(data, text_type):
+                    data = data.decode('utf-8')
+                try:
+                    self._data = json.loads(data)
+                    self._validate_mapping(self._data, scheme)
+                except ValueError:
+                    # Note: MetadataUnrecognizedVersionError does not
+                    # inherit from ValueError (it's a DistlibException,
+                    # which should not inherit from ValueError).
+                    # The ValueError comes from the json.load - if that
+                    # succeeds and we get a validation error, we want
+                    # that to propagate
+                    self._legacy = LegacyMetadata(fileobj=StringIO(data),
+                                                  scheme=scheme)
+                    self.validate()
+
+    common_keys = set(('name', 'version', 'license', 'keywords', 'summary'))
+
+    none_list = (None, list)
+    none_dict = (None, dict)
+
+    mapped_keys = {
+        'run_requires': ('Requires-Dist', list),
+        'build_requires': ('Setup-Requires-Dist', list),
+        'dev_requires': none_list,
+        'test_requires': none_list,
+        'meta_requires': none_list,
+        'extras': ('Provides-Extra', list),
+        'modules': none_list,
+        'namespaces': none_list,
+        'exports': none_dict,
+        'commands': none_dict,
+        'classifiers': ('Classifier', list),
+        'source_url': ('Download-URL', None),
+        'metadata_version': ('Metadata-Version', None),
+    }
+
+    del none_list, none_dict
+
+    def __getattribute__(self, key):
+        common = object.__getattribute__(self, 'common_keys')
+        mapped = object.__getattribute__(self, 'mapped_keys')
+        if key in mapped:
+            lk, maker = mapped[key]
+            if self._legacy:
+                if lk is None:
+                    result = None if maker is None else maker()
+                else:
+                    result = self._legacy.get(lk)
+            else:
+                value = None if maker is None else maker()
+                if key not in ('commands', 'exports', 'modules', 'namespaces',
+                               'classifiers'):
+                    result = self._data.get(key, value)
+                else:
+                    # special cases for PEP 459
+                    sentinel = object()
+                    result = sentinel
+                    d = self._data.get('extensions')
+                    if d:
+                        if key == 'commands':
+                            result = d.get('python.commands', value)
+                        elif key == 'classifiers':
+                            d = d.get('python.details')
+                            if d:
+                                result = d.get(key, value)
+                        else:
+                            d = d.get('python.exports')
+                            if not d:
+                                d = self._data.get('python.exports')
+                            if d:
+                                result = d.get(key, value)
+                    if result is sentinel:
+                        result = value
+        elif key not in common:
+            result = object.__getattribute__(self, key)
+        elif self._legacy:
+            result = self._legacy.get(key)
+        else:
+            result = self._data.get(key)
+        return result
+
+    def _validate_value(self, key, value, scheme=None):
+        if key in self.SYNTAX_VALIDATORS:
+            pattern, exclusions = self.SYNTAX_VALIDATORS[key]
+            if (scheme or self.scheme) not in exclusions:
+                m = pattern.match(value)
+                if not m:
+                    raise MetadataInvalidError("'%s' is an invalid value for "
+                                               "the '%s' property" % (value,
+                                                                    key))
+
+    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
+        self._validate_value(key, value)
+        common = object.__getattribute__(self, 'common_keys')
+        mapped = object.__getattribute__(self, 'mapped_keys')
+        if key in mapped:
+            lk, _ = mapped[key]
+            if self._legacy:
+                if lk is None:
+                    raise NotImplementedError
+                self._legacy[lk] = value
+            elif key not in ('commands', 'exports', 'modules', 'namespaces',
+                             'classifiers'):
+                self._data[key] = value
+            else:
+                # special cases for PEP 459
+                d = self._data.setdefault('extensions', {})
+                if key == 'commands':
+                    d['python.commands'] = value
+                elif key == 'classifiers':
+                    d = d.setdefault('python.details', {})
+                    d[key] = value
+                else:
+                    d = d.setdefault('python.exports', {})
+                    d[key] = value
+        elif key not in common:
+            object.__setattr__(self, key, value)
+        else:
+            if key == 'keywords':
+                if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                    value = value.strip()
+                    if value:
+                        value = value.split()
+                    else:
+                        value = []
+            if self._legacy:
+                self._legacy[key] = value
+            else:
+                self._data[key] = value
+
+    @property
+    def name_and_version(self):
+        return _get_name_and_version(self.name, self.version, True)
+
+    @property
+    def provides(self):
+        if self._legacy:
+            result = self._legacy['Provides-Dist']
+        else:
+            result = self._data.setdefault('provides', [])
+        s = '%s (%s)' % (self.name, self.version)
+        if s not in result:
+            result.append(s)
+        return result
+
+    @provides.setter
+    def provides(self, value):
+        if self._legacy:
+            self._legacy['Provides-Dist'] = value
+        else:
+            self._data['provides'] = value
+
+    def get_requirements(self, reqts, extras=None, env=None):
+        """
+        Base method to get dependencies, given a set of extras
+        to satisfy and an optional environment context.
+        :param reqts: A list of sometimes-wanted dependencies,
+                      perhaps dependent on extras and environment.
+        :param extras: A list of optional components being requested.
+        :param env: An optional environment for marker evaluation.
+        """
+        if self._legacy:
+            result = reqts
+        else:
+            result = []
+            extras = get_extras(extras or [], self.extras)
+            for d in reqts:
+                if 'extra' not in d and 'environment' not in d:
+                    # unconditional
+                    include = True
+                else:
+                    if 'extra' not in d:
+                        # Not extra-dependent - only environment-dependent
+                        include = True
+                    else:
+                        include = d.get('extra') in extras
+                    if include:
+                        # Not excluded because of extras, check environment
+                        marker = d.get('environment')
+                        if marker:
+                            include = interpret(marker, env)
+                if include:
+                    result.extend(d['requires'])
+            for key in ('build', 'dev', 'test'):
+                e = ':%s:' % key
+                if e in extras:
+                    extras.remove(e)
+                    # A recursive call, but it should terminate since 'test'
+                    # has been removed from the extras
+                    reqts = self._data.get('%s_requires' % key, [])
+                    result.extend(self.get_requirements(reqts, extras=extras,
+                                                        env=env))
+        return result
+
+    @property
+    def dictionary(self):
+        if self._legacy:
+            return self._from_legacy()
+        return self._data
+
+    @property
+    def dependencies(self):
+        if self._legacy:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+        else:
+            return extract_by_key(self._data, self.DEPENDENCY_KEYS)
+
+    @dependencies.setter
+    def dependencies(self, value):
+        if self._legacy:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+        else:
+            self._data.update(value)
+
+    def _validate_mapping(self, mapping, scheme):
+        if mapping.get('metadata_version') != self.METADATA_VERSION:
+            raise MetadataUnrecognizedVersionError()
+        missing = []
+        for key, exclusions in self.MANDATORY_KEYS.items():
+            if key not in mapping:
+                if scheme not in exclusions:
+                    missing.append(key)
+        if missing:
+            msg = 'Missing metadata items: %s' % ', '.join(missing)
+            raise MetadataMissingError(msg)
+        for k, v in mapping.items():
+            self._validate_value(k, v, scheme)
+
+    def validate(self):
+        if self._legacy:
+            missing, warnings = self._legacy.check(True)
+            if missing or warnings:
+                logger.warning('Metadata: missing: %s, warnings: %s',
+                               missing, warnings)
+        else:
+            self._validate_mapping(self._data, self.scheme)
+
+    def todict(self):
+        if self._legacy:
+            return self._legacy.todict(True)
+        else:
+            result = extract_by_key(self._data, self.INDEX_KEYS)
+            return result
+
+    def _from_legacy(self):
+        assert self._legacy and not self._data
+        result = {
+            'metadata_version': self.METADATA_VERSION,
+            'generator': self.GENERATOR,
+        }
+        lmd = self._legacy.todict(True)     # skip missing ones
+        for k in ('name', 'version', 'license', 'summary', 'description',
+                  'classifier'):
+            if k in lmd:
+                if k == 'classifier':
+                    nk = 'classifiers'
+                else:
+                    nk = k
+                result[nk] = lmd[k]
+        kw = lmd.get('Keywords', [])
+        if kw == ['']:
+            kw = []
+        result['keywords'] = kw
+        keys = (('requires_dist', 'run_requires'),
+                ('setup_requires_dist', 'build_requires'))
+        for ok, nk in keys:
+            if ok in lmd and lmd[ok]:
+                result[nk] = [{'requires': lmd[ok]}]
+        result['provides'] = self.provides
+        author = {}
+        maintainer = {}
+        return result
+
+    LEGACY_MAPPING = {
+        'name': 'Name',
+        'version': 'Version',
+        ('extensions', 'python.details', 'license'): 'License',
+        'summary': 'Summary',
+        'description': 'Description',
+        ('extensions', 'python.project', 'project_urls', 'Home'): 'Home-page',
+        ('extensions', 'python.project', 'contacts', 0, 'name'): 'Author',
+        ('extensions', 'python.project', 'contacts', 0, 'email'): 'Author-email',
+        'source_url': 'Download-URL',
+        ('extensions', 'python.details', 'classifiers'): 'Classifier',
+    }
+
+    def _to_legacy(self):
+        def process_entries(entries):
+            reqts = set()
+            for e in entries:
+                extra = e.get('extra')
+                env = e.get('environment')
+                rlist = e['requires']
+                for r in rlist:
+                    if not env and not extra:
+                        reqts.add(r)
+                    else:
+                        marker = ''
+                        if extra:
+                            marker = 'extra == "%s"' % extra
+                        if env:
+                            if marker:
+                                marker = '(%s) and %s' % (env, marker)
+                            else:
+                                marker = env
+                        reqts.add(';'.join((r, marker)))
+            return reqts
+
+        assert self._data and not self._legacy
+        result = LegacyMetadata()
+        nmd = self._data
+        # import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+        for nk, ok in self.LEGACY_MAPPING.items():
+            if not isinstance(nk, tuple):
+                if nk in nmd:
+                    result[ok] = nmd[nk]
+            else:
+                d = nmd
+                found = True
+                for k in nk:
+                    try:
+                        d = d[k]
+                    except (KeyError, IndexError):
+                        found = False
+                        break
+                if found:
+                    result[ok] = d
+        r1 = process_entries(self.run_requires + self.meta_requires)
+        r2 = process_entries(self.build_requires + self.dev_requires)
+        if self.extras:
+            result['Provides-Extra'] = sorted(self.extras)
+        result['Requires-Dist'] = sorted(r1)
+        result['Setup-Requires-Dist'] = sorted(r2)
+        # TODO: any other fields wanted
+        return result
+
+    def write(self, path=None, fileobj=None, legacy=False, skip_unknown=True):
+        if [path, fileobj].count(None) != 1:
+            raise ValueError('Exactly one of path and fileobj is needed')
+        self.validate()
+        if legacy:
+            if self._legacy:
+                legacy_md = self._legacy
+            else:
+                legacy_md = self._to_legacy()
+            if path:
+                legacy_md.write(path, skip_unknown=skip_unknown)
+            else:
+                legacy_md.write_file(fileobj, skip_unknown=skip_unknown)
+        else:
+            if self._legacy:
+                d = self._from_legacy()
+            else:
+                d = self._data
+            if fileobj:
+                json.dump(d, fileobj, ensure_ascii=True, indent=2,
+                          sort_keys=True)
+            else:
+                with codecs.open(path, 'w', 'utf-8') as f:
+                    json.dump(d, f, ensure_ascii=True, indent=2,
+                              sort_keys=True)
+
+    def add_requirements(self, requirements):
+        if self._legacy:
+            self._legacy.add_requirements(requirements)
+        else:
+            run_requires = self._data.setdefault('run_requires', [])
+            always = None
+            for entry in run_requires:
+                if 'environment' not in entry and 'extra' not in entry:
+                    always = entry
+                    break
+            if always is None:
+                always = { 'requires': requirements }
+                run_requires.insert(0, always)
+            else:
+                rset = set(always['requires']) | set(requirements)
+                always['requires'] = sorted(rset)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        name = self.name or '(no name)'
+        version = self.version or 'no version'
+        return '<%s %s %s (%s)>' % (self.__class__.__name__,
+                                    self.metadata_version, name, version)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/resources.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/resources.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fef52aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/resources.py
@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2013-2017 Vinay Sajip.
+# Licensed to the Python Software Foundation under a contributor agreement.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import bisect
+import io
+import logging
+import os
+import pkgutil
+import sys
+import types
+import zipimport
+
+from . import DistlibException
+from .util import cached_property, get_cache_base, Cache
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+cache = None    # created when needed
+
+
+class ResourceCache(Cache):
+    def __init__(self, base=None):
+        if base is None:
+            # Use native string to avoid issues on 2.x: see Python #20140.
+            base = os.path.join(get_cache_base(), str('resource-cache'))
+        super(ResourceCache, self).__init__(base)
+
+    def is_stale(self, resource, path):
+        """
+        Is the cache stale for the given resource?
+
+        :param resource: The :class:`Resource` being cached.
+        :param path: The path of the resource in the cache.
+        :return: True if the cache is stale.
+        """
+        # Cache invalidation is a hard problem :-)
+        return True
+
+    def get(self, resource):
+        """
+        Get a resource into the cache,
+
+        :param resource: A :class:`Resource` instance.
+        :return: The pathname of the resource in the cache.
+        """
+        prefix, path = resource.finder.get_cache_info(resource)
+        if prefix is None:
+            result = path
+        else:
+            result = os.path.join(self.base, self.prefix_to_dir(prefix), path)
+            dirname = os.path.dirname(result)
+            if not os.path.isdir(dirname):
+                os.makedirs(dirname)
+            if not os.path.exists(result):
+                stale = True
+            else:
+                stale = self.is_stale(resource, path)
+            if stale:
+                # write the bytes of the resource to the cache location
+                with open(result, 'wb') as f:
+                    f.write(resource.bytes)
+        return result
+
+
+class ResourceBase(object):
+    def __init__(self, finder, name):
+        self.finder = finder
+        self.name = name
+
+
+class Resource(ResourceBase):
+    """
+    A class representing an in-package resource, such as a data file. This is
+    not normally instantiated by user code, but rather by a
+    :class:`ResourceFinder` which manages the resource.
+    """
+    is_container = False        # Backwards compatibility
+
+    def as_stream(self):
+        """
+        Get the resource as a stream.
+
+        This is not a property to make it obvious that it returns a new stream
+        each time.
+        """
+        return self.finder.get_stream(self)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def file_path(self):
+        global cache
+        if cache is None:
+            cache = ResourceCache()
+        return cache.get(self)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def bytes(self):
+        return self.finder.get_bytes(self)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def size(self):
+        return self.finder.get_size(self)
+
+
+class ResourceContainer(ResourceBase):
+    is_container = True     # Backwards compatibility
+
+    @cached_property
+    def resources(self):
+        return self.finder.get_resources(self)
+
+
+class ResourceFinder(object):
+    """
+    Resource finder for file system resources.
+    """
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith('java'):
+        skipped_extensions = ('.pyc', '.pyo', '.class')
+    else:
+        skipped_extensions = ('.pyc', '.pyo')
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        self.module = module
+        self.loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+        self.base = os.path.dirname(getattr(module, '__file__', ''))
+
+    def _adjust_path(self, path):
+        return os.path.realpath(path)
+
+    def _make_path(self, resource_name):
+        # Issue #50: need to preserve type of path on Python 2.x
+        # like os.path._get_sep
+        if isinstance(resource_name, bytes):    # should only happen on 2.x
+            sep = b'/'
+        else:
+            sep = '/'
+        parts = resource_name.split(sep)
+        parts.insert(0, self.base)
+        result = os.path.join(*parts)
+        return self._adjust_path(result)
+
+    def _find(self, path):
+        return os.path.exists(path)
+
+    def get_cache_info(self, resource):
+        return None, resource.path
+
+    def find(self, resource_name):
+        path = self._make_path(resource_name)
+        if not self._find(path):
+            result = None
+        else:
+            if self._is_directory(path):
+                result = ResourceContainer(self, resource_name)
+            else:
+                result = Resource(self, resource_name)
+            result.path = path
+        return result
+
+    def get_stream(self, resource):
+        return open(resource.path, 'rb')
+
+    def get_bytes(self, resource):
+        with open(resource.path, 'rb') as f:
+            return f.read()
+
+    def get_size(self, resource):
+        return os.path.getsize(resource.path)
+
+    def get_resources(self, resource):
+        def allowed(f):
+            return (f != '__pycache__' and not
+                    f.endswith(self.skipped_extensions))
+        return set([f for f in os.listdir(resource.path) if allowed(f)])
+
+    def is_container(self, resource):
+        return self._is_directory(resource.path)
+
+    _is_directory = staticmethod(os.path.isdir)
+
+    def iterator(self, resource_name):
+        resource = self.find(resource_name)
+        if resource is not None:
+            todo = [resource]
+            while todo:
+                resource = todo.pop(0)
+                yield resource
+                if resource.is_container:
+                    rname = resource.name
+                    for name in resource.resources:
+                        if not rname:
+                            new_name = name
+                        else:
+                            new_name = '/'.join([rname, name])
+                        child = self.find(new_name)
+                        if child.is_container:
+                            todo.append(child)
+                        else:
+                            yield child
+
+
+class ZipResourceFinder(ResourceFinder):
+    """
+    Resource finder for resources in .zip files.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        super(ZipResourceFinder, self).__init__(module)
+        archive = self.loader.archive
+        self.prefix_len = 1 + len(archive)
+        # PyPy doesn't have a _files attr on zipimporter, and you can't set one
+        if hasattr(self.loader, '_files'):
+            self._files = self.loader._files
+        else:
+            self._files = zipimport._zip_directory_cache[archive]
+        self.index = sorted(self._files)
+
+    def _adjust_path(self, path):
+        return path
+
+    def _find(self, path):
+        path = path[self.prefix_len:]
+        if path in self._files:
+            result = True
+        else:
+            if path and path[-1] != os.sep:
+                path = path + os.sep
+            i = bisect.bisect(self.index, path)
+            try:
+                result = self.index[i].startswith(path)
+            except IndexError:
+                result = False
+        if not result:
+            logger.debug('_find failed: %r %r', path, self.loader.prefix)
+        else:
+            logger.debug('_find worked: %r %r', path, self.loader.prefix)
+        return result
+
+    def get_cache_info(self, resource):
+        prefix = self.loader.archive
+        path = resource.path[1 + len(prefix):]
+        return prefix, path
+
+    def get_bytes(self, resource):
+        return self.loader.get_data(resource.path)
+
+    def get_stream(self, resource):
+        return io.BytesIO(self.get_bytes(resource))
+
+    def get_size(self, resource):
+        path = resource.path[self.prefix_len:]
+        return self._files[path][3]
+
+    def get_resources(self, resource):
+        path = resource.path[self.prefix_len:]
+        if path and path[-1] != os.sep:
+            path += os.sep
+        plen = len(path)
+        result = set()
+        i = bisect.bisect(self.index, path)
+        while i < len(self.index):
+            if not self.index[i].startswith(path):
+                break
+            s = self.index[i][plen:]
+            result.add(s.split(os.sep, 1)[0])   # only immediate children
+            i += 1
+        return result
+
+    def _is_directory(self, path):
+        path = path[self.prefix_len:]
+        if path and path[-1] != os.sep:
+            path += os.sep
+        i = bisect.bisect(self.index, path)
+        try:
+            result = self.index[i].startswith(path)
+        except IndexError:
+            result = False
+        return result
+
+
+_finder_registry = {
+    type(None): ResourceFinder,
+    zipimport.zipimporter: ZipResourceFinder
+}
+
+try:
+    # In Python 3.6, _frozen_importlib -> _frozen_importlib_external
+    try:
+        import _frozen_importlib_external as _fi
+    except ImportError:
+        import _frozen_importlib as _fi
+    _finder_registry[_fi.SourceFileLoader] = ResourceFinder
+    _finder_registry[_fi.FileFinder] = ResourceFinder
+    # See issue #146
+    _finder_registry[_fi.SourcelessFileLoader] = ResourceFinder
+    del _fi
+except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+    pass
+
+
+def register_finder(loader, finder_maker):
+    _finder_registry[type(loader)] = finder_maker
+
+
+_finder_cache = {}
+
+
+def finder(package):
+    """
+    Return a resource finder for a package.
+    :param package: The name of the package.
+    :return: A :class:`ResourceFinder` instance for the package.
+    """
+    if package in _finder_cache:
+        result = _finder_cache[package]
+    else:
+        if package not in sys.modules:
+            __import__(package)
+        module = sys.modules[package]
+        path = getattr(module, '__path__', None)
+        if path is None:
+            raise DistlibException('You cannot get a finder for a module, '
+                                   'only for a package')
+        loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+        finder_maker = _finder_registry.get(type(loader))
+        if finder_maker is None:
+            raise DistlibException('Unable to locate finder for %r' % package)
+        result = finder_maker(module)
+        _finder_cache[package] = result
+    return result
+
+
+_dummy_module = types.ModuleType(str('__dummy__'))
+
+
+def finder_for_path(path):
+    """
+    Return a resource finder for a path, which should represent a container.
+
+    :param path: The path.
+    :return: A :class:`ResourceFinder` instance for the path.
+    """
+    result = None
+    # calls any path hooks, gets importer into cache
+    pkgutil.get_importer(path)
+    loader = sys.path_importer_cache.get(path)
+    finder = _finder_registry.get(type(loader))
+    if finder:
+        module = _dummy_module
+        module.__file__ = os.path.join(path, '')
+        module.__loader__ = loader
+        result = finder(module)
+    return result
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..913912c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,429 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Vinay Sajip.
+# Licensed to the Python Software Foundation under a contributor agreement.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+from io import BytesIO
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import struct
+import sys
+
+from .compat import sysconfig, detect_encoding, ZipFile
+from .resources import finder
+from .util import (FileOperator, get_export_entry, convert_path,
+                   get_executable, get_platform, in_venv)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_DEFAULT_MANIFEST = '''
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
+ <assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0"
+ processorArchitecture="X86"
+ name="%s"
+ type="win32"/>
+
+ <!-- Identify the application security requirements. -->
+ <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
+ <security>
+ <requestedPrivileges>
+ <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false"/>
+ </requestedPrivileges>
+ </security>
+ </trustInfo>
+</assembly>'''.strip()
+
+# check if Python is called on the first line with this expression
+FIRST_LINE_RE = re.compile(b'^#!.*pythonw?[0-9.]*([ \t].*)?$')
+SCRIPT_TEMPLATE = r'''# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+from %(module)s import %(import_name)s
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(%(func)s())
+'''
+
+
+def enquote_executable(executable):
+    if ' ' in executable:
+        # make sure we quote only the executable in case of env
+        # for example /usr/bin/env "/dir with spaces/bin/jython"
+        # instead of "/usr/bin/env /dir with spaces/bin/jython"
+        # otherwise whole
+        if executable.startswith('/usr/bin/env '):
+            env, _executable = executable.split(' ', 1)
+            if ' ' in _executable and not _executable.startswith('"'):
+                executable = '%s "%s"' % (env, _executable)
+        else:
+            if not executable.startswith('"'):
+                executable = '"%s"' % executable
+    return executable
+
+# Keep the old name around (for now), as there is at least one project using it!
+_enquote_executable = enquote_executable
+
+class ScriptMaker(object):
+    """
+    A class to copy or create scripts from source scripts or callable
+    specifications.
+    """
+    script_template = SCRIPT_TEMPLATE
+
+    executable = None  # for shebangs
+
+    def __init__(self, source_dir, target_dir, add_launchers=True,
+                 dry_run=False, fileop=None):
+        self.source_dir = source_dir
+        self.target_dir = target_dir
+        self.add_launchers = add_launchers
+        self.force = False
+        self.clobber = False
+        # It only makes sense to set mode bits on POSIX.
+        self.set_mode = (os.name == 'posix') or (os.name == 'java' and
+                                                 os._name == 'posix')
+        self.variants = set(('', 'X.Y'))
+        self._fileop = fileop or FileOperator(dry_run)
+
+        self._is_nt = os.name == 'nt' or (
+            os.name == 'java' and os._name == 'nt')
+        self.version_info = sys.version_info
+
+    def _get_alternate_executable(self, executable, options):
+        if options.get('gui', False) and self._is_nt:  # pragma: no cover
+            dn, fn = os.path.split(executable)
+            fn = fn.replace('python', 'pythonw')
+            executable = os.path.join(dn, fn)
+        return executable
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith('java'):  # pragma: no cover
+        def _is_shell(self, executable):
+            """
+            Determine if the specified executable is a script
+            (contains a #! line)
+            """
+            try:
+                with open(executable) as fp:
+                    return fp.read(2) == '#!'
+            except (OSError, IOError):
+                logger.warning('Failed to open %s', executable)
+                return False
+
+        def _fix_jython_executable(self, executable):
+            if self._is_shell(executable):
+                # Workaround for Jython is not needed on Linux systems.
+                import java
+
+                if java.lang.System.getProperty('os.name') == 'Linux':
+                    return executable
+            elif executable.lower().endswith('jython.exe'):
+                # Use wrapper exe for Jython on Windows
+                return executable
+            return '/usr/bin/env %s' % executable
+
+    def _build_shebang(self, executable, post_interp):
+        """
+        Build a shebang line. In the simple case (on Windows, or a shebang line
+        which is not too long or contains spaces) use a simple formulation for
+        the shebang. Otherwise, use /bin/sh as the executable, with a contrived
+        shebang which allows the script to run either under Python or sh, using
+        suitable quoting. Thanks to Harald Nordgren for his input.
+
+        See also: http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/various/shebang/#length
+                  https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/file/tip/mach
+        """
+        if os.name != 'posix':
+            simple_shebang = True
+        else:
+            # Add 3 for '#!' prefix and newline suffix.
+            shebang_length = len(executable) + len(post_interp) + 3
+            if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+                max_shebang_length = 512
+            else:
+                max_shebang_length = 127
+            simple_shebang = ((b' ' not in executable) and
+                              (shebang_length <= max_shebang_length))
+
+        if simple_shebang:
+            result = b'#!' + executable + post_interp + b'\n'
+        else:
+            result = b'#!/bin/sh\n'
+            result += b"'''exec' " + executable + post_interp + b' "$0" "$@"\n'
+            result += b"' '''"
+        return result
+
+    def _get_shebang(self, encoding, post_interp=b'', options=None):
+        enquote = True
+        if self.executable:
+            executable = self.executable
+            enquote = False     # assume this will be taken care of
+        elif not sysconfig.is_python_build():
+            executable = get_executable()
+        elif in_venv():  # pragma: no cover
+            executable = os.path.join(sysconfig.get_path('scripts'),
+                            'python%s' % sysconfig.get_config_var('EXE'))
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            executable = os.path.join(
+                sysconfig.get_config_var('BINDIR'),
+               'python%s%s' % (sysconfig.get_config_var('VERSION'),
+                               sysconfig.get_config_var('EXE')))
+            if not os.path.isfile(executable):
+                # for Python builds from source on Windows, no Python executables with
+                # a version suffix are created, so we use python.exe
+                executable = os.path.join(sysconfig.get_config_var('BINDIR'),
+                                'python%s' % (sysconfig.get_config_var('EXE')))
+        if options:
+            executable = self._get_alternate_executable(executable, options)
+
+        if sys.platform.startswith('java'):  # pragma: no cover
+            executable = self._fix_jython_executable(executable)
+
+        # Normalise case for Windows - COMMENTED OUT
+        # executable = os.path.normcase(executable)
+        # N.B. The normalising operation above has been commented out: See
+        # issue #124. Although paths in Windows are generally case-insensitive,
+        # they aren't always. For example, a path containing a ẞ (which is a
+        # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER SHARP S - U+1E9E) is normcased to ß (which is a
+        # LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S' - U+00DF). The two are not considered by
+        # Windows as equivalent in path names.
+
+        # If the user didn't specify an executable, it may be necessary to
+        # cater for executable paths with spaces (not uncommon on Windows)
+        if enquote:
+            executable = enquote_executable(executable)
+        # Issue #51: don't use fsencode, since we later try to
+        # check that the shebang is decodable using utf-8.
+        executable = executable.encode('utf-8')
+        # in case of IronPython, play safe and enable frames support
+        if (sys.platform == 'cli' and '-X:Frames' not in post_interp
+            and '-X:FullFrames' not in post_interp):  # pragma: no cover
+            post_interp += b' -X:Frames'
+        shebang = self._build_shebang(executable, post_interp)
+        # Python parser starts to read a script using UTF-8 until
+        # it gets a #coding:xxx cookie. The shebang has to be the
+        # first line of a file, the #coding:xxx cookie cannot be
+        # written before. So the shebang has to be decodable from
+        # UTF-8.
+        try:
+            shebang.decode('utf-8')
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise ValueError(
+                'The shebang (%r) is not decodable from utf-8' % shebang)
+        # If the script is encoded to a custom encoding (use a
+        # #coding:xxx cookie), the shebang has to be decodable from
+        # the script encoding too.
+        if encoding != 'utf-8':
+            try:
+                shebang.decode(encoding)
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:  # pragma: no cover
+                raise ValueError(
+                    'The shebang (%r) is not decodable '
+                    'from the script encoding (%r)' % (shebang, encoding))
+        return shebang
+
+    def _get_script_text(self, entry):
+        return self.script_template % dict(module=entry.prefix,
+                                           import_name=entry.suffix.split('.')[0],
+                                           func=entry.suffix)
+
+    manifest = _DEFAULT_MANIFEST
+
+    def get_manifest(self, exename):
+        base = os.path.basename(exename)
+        return self.manifest % base
+
+    def _write_script(self, names, shebang, script_bytes, filenames, ext):
+        use_launcher = self.add_launchers and self._is_nt
+        linesep = os.linesep.encode('utf-8')
+        if not shebang.endswith(linesep):
+            shebang += linesep
+        if not use_launcher:
+            script_bytes = shebang + script_bytes
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            if ext == 'py':
+                launcher = self._get_launcher('t')
+            else:
+                launcher = self._get_launcher('w')
+            stream = BytesIO()
+            with ZipFile(stream, 'w') as zf:
+                zf.writestr('__main__.py', script_bytes)
+            zip_data = stream.getvalue()
+            script_bytes = launcher + shebang + zip_data
+        for name in names:
+            outname = os.path.join(self.target_dir, name)
+            if use_launcher:  # pragma: no cover
+                n, e = os.path.splitext(outname)
+                if e.startswith('.py'):
+                    outname = n
+                outname = '%s.exe' % outname
+                try:
+                    self._fileop.write_binary_file(outname, script_bytes)
+                except Exception:
+                    # Failed writing an executable - it might be in use.
+                    logger.warning('Failed to write executable - trying to '
+                                   'use .deleteme logic')
+                    dfname = '%s.deleteme' % outname
+                    if os.path.exists(dfname):
+                        os.remove(dfname)       # Not allowed to fail here
+                    os.rename(outname, dfname)  # nor here
+                    self._fileop.write_binary_file(outname, script_bytes)
+                    logger.debug('Able to replace executable using '
+                                 '.deleteme logic')
+                    try:
+                        os.remove(dfname)
+                    except Exception:
+                        pass    # still in use - ignore error
+            else:
+                if self._is_nt and not outname.endswith('.' + ext):  # pragma: no cover
+                    outname = '%s.%s' % (outname, ext)
+                if os.path.exists(outname) and not self.clobber:
+                    logger.warning('Skipping existing file %s', outname)
+                    continue
+                self._fileop.write_binary_file(outname, script_bytes)
+                if self.set_mode:
+                    self._fileop.set_executable_mode([outname])
+            filenames.append(outname)
+
+    variant_separator = '-'
+
+    def get_script_filenames(self, name):
+        result = set()
+        if '' in self.variants:
+            result.add(name)
+        if 'X' in self.variants:
+            result.add('%s%s' % (name, self.version_info[0]))
+        if 'X.Y' in self.variants:
+            result.add('%s%s%s.%s' % (name, self.variant_separator,
+                                      self.version_info[0], self.version_info[1]))
+        return result
+
+    def _make_script(self, entry, filenames, options=None):
+        post_interp = b''
+        if options:
+            args = options.get('interpreter_args', [])
+            if args:
+                args = ' %s' % ' '.join(args)
+                post_interp = args.encode('utf-8')
+        shebang = self._get_shebang('utf-8', post_interp, options=options)
+        script = self._get_script_text(entry).encode('utf-8')
+        scriptnames = self.get_script_filenames(entry.name)
+        if options and options.get('gui', False):
+            ext = 'pyw'
+        else:
+            ext = 'py'
+        self._write_script(scriptnames, shebang, script, filenames, ext)
+
+    def _copy_script(self, script, filenames):
+        adjust = False
+        script = os.path.join(self.source_dir, convert_path(script))
+        outname = os.path.join(self.target_dir, os.path.basename(script))
+        if not self.force and not self._fileop.newer(script, outname):
+            logger.debug('not copying %s (up-to-date)', script)
+            return
+
+        # Always open the file, but ignore failures in dry-run mode --
+        # that way, we'll get accurate feedback if we can read the
+        # script.
+        try:
+            f = open(script, 'rb')
+        except IOError:  # pragma: no cover
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                raise
+            f = None
+        else:
+            first_line = f.readline()
+            if not first_line:  # pragma: no cover
+                logger.warning('%s is an empty file (skipping)', script)
+                return
+
+            match = FIRST_LINE_RE.match(first_line.replace(b'\r\n', b'\n'))
+            if match:
+                adjust = True
+                post_interp = match.group(1) or b''
+
+        if not adjust:
+            if f:
+                f.close()
+            self._fileop.copy_file(script, outname)
+            if self.set_mode:
+                self._fileop.set_executable_mode([outname])
+            filenames.append(outname)
+        else:
+            logger.info('copying and adjusting %s -> %s', script,
+                        self.target_dir)
+            if not self._fileop.dry_run:
+                encoding, lines = detect_encoding(f.readline)
+                f.seek(0)
+                shebang = self._get_shebang(encoding, post_interp)
+                if b'pythonw' in first_line:  # pragma: no cover
+                    ext = 'pyw'
+                else:
+                    ext = 'py'
+                n = os.path.basename(outname)
+                self._write_script([n], shebang, f.read(), filenames, ext)
+            if f:
+                f.close()
+
+    @property
+    def dry_run(self):
+        return self._fileop.dry_run
+
+    @dry_run.setter
+    def dry_run(self, value):
+        self._fileop.dry_run = value
+
+    if os.name == 'nt' or (os.name == 'java' and os._name == 'nt'):  # pragma: no cover
+        # Executable launcher support.
+        # Launchers are from https://bitbucket.org/vinay.sajip/simple_launcher/
+
+        def _get_launcher(self, kind):
+            if struct.calcsize('P') == 8:   # 64-bit
+                bits = '64'
+            else:
+                bits = '32'
+            platform_suffix = '-arm' if get_platform() == 'win-arm64' else ''
+            name = '%s%s%s.exe' % (kind, bits, platform_suffix)
+            # Issue 31: don't hardcode an absolute package name, but
+            # determine it relative to the current package
+            distlib_package = __name__.rsplit('.', 1)[0]
+            resource = finder(distlib_package).find(name)
+            if not resource:
+                msg = ('Unable to find resource %s in package %s' % (name,
+                       distlib_package))
+                raise ValueError(msg)
+            return resource.bytes
+
+    # Public API follows
+
+    def make(self, specification, options=None):
+        """
+        Make a script.
+
+        :param specification: The specification, which is either a valid export
+                              entry specification (to make a script from a
+                              callable) or a filename (to make a script by
+                              copying from a source location).
+        :param options: A dictionary of options controlling script generation.
+        :return: A list of all absolute pathnames written to.
+        """
+        filenames = []
+        entry = get_export_entry(specification)
+        if entry is None:
+            self._copy_script(specification, filenames)
+        else:
+            self._make_script(entry, filenames, options=options)
+        return filenames
+
+    def make_multiple(self, specifications, options=None):
+        """
+        Take a list of specifications and make scripts from them,
+        :param specifications: A list of specifications.
+        :return: A list of all absolute pathnames written to,
+        """
+        filenames = []
+        for specification in specifications:
+            filenames.extend(self.make(specification, options))
+        return filenames
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80bfc86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1969 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2021 The Python Software Foundation.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+import codecs
+from collections import deque
+import contextlib
+import csv
+from glob import iglob as std_iglob
+import io
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import py_compile
+import re
+import socket
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    ssl = None
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tarfile
+import tempfile
+import textwrap
+
+try:
+    import threading
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    import dummy_threading as threading
+import time
+
+from . import DistlibException
+from .compat import (string_types, text_type, shutil, raw_input, StringIO,
+                     cache_from_source, urlopen, urljoin, httplib, xmlrpclib,
+                     splittype, HTTPHandler, BaseConfigurator, valid_ident,
+                     Container, configparser, URLError, ZipFile, fsdecode,
+                     unquote, urlparse)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+#
+# Requirement parsing code as per PEP 508
+#
+
+IDENTIFIER = re.compile(r'^([\w\.-]+)\s*')
+VERSION_IDENTIFIER = re.compile(r'^([\w\.*+-]+)\s*')
+COMPARE_OP = re.compile(r'^(<=?|>=?|={2,3}|[~!]=)\s*')
+MARKER_OP = re.compile(r'^((<=?)|(>=?)|={2,3}|[~!]=|in|not\s+in)\s*')
+OR = re.compile(r'^or\b\s*')
+AND = re.compile(r'^and\b\s*')
+NON_SPACE = re.compile(r'(\S+)\s*')
+STRING_CHUNK = re.compile(r'([\s\w\.{}()*+#:;,/?!~`@$%^&=|<>\[\]-]+)')
+
+
+def parse_marker(marker_string):
+    """
+    Parse a marker string and return a dictionary containing a marker expression.
+
+    The dictionary will contain keys "op", "lhs" and "rhs" for non-terminals in
+    the expression grammar, or strings. A string contained in quotes is to be
+    interpreted as a literal string, and a string not contained in quotes is a
+    variable (such as os_name).
+    """
+    def marker_var(remaining):
+        # either identifier, or literal string
+        m = IDENTIFIER.match(remaining)
+        if m:
+            result = m.groups()[0]
+            remaining = remaining[m.end():]
+        elif not remaining:
+            raise SyntaxError('unexpected end of input')
+        else:
+            q = remaining[0]
+            if q not in '\'"':
+                raise SyntaxError('invalid expression: %s' % remaining)
+            oq = '\'"'.replace(q, '')
+            remaining = remaining[1:]
+            parts = [q]
+            while remaining:
+                # either a string chunk, or oq, or q to terminate
+                if remaining[0] == q:
+                    break
+                elif remaining[0] == oq:
+                    parts.append(oq)
+                    remaining = remaining[1:]
+                else:
+                    m = STRING_CHUNK.match(remaining)
+                    if not m:
+                        raise SyntaxError('error in string literal: %s' % remaining)
+                    parts.append(m.groups()[0])
+                    remaining = remaining[m.end():]
+            else:
+                s = ''.join(parts)
+                raise SyntaxError('unterminated string: %s' % s)
+            parts.append(q)
+            result = ''.join(parts)
+            remaining = remaining[1:].lstrip() # skip past closing quote
+        return result, remaining
+
+    def marker_expr(remaining):
+        if remaining and remaining[0] == '(':
+            result, remaining = marker(remaining[1:].lstrip())
+            if remaining[0] != ')':
+                raise SyntaxError('unterminated parenthesis: %s' % remaining)
+            remaining = remaining[1:].lstrip()
+        else:
+            lhs, remaining = marker_var(remaining)
+            while remaining:
+                m = MARKER_OP.match(remaining)
+                if not m:
+                    break
+                op = m.groups()[0]
+                remaining = remaining[m.end():]
+                rhs, remaining = marker_var(remaining)
+                lhs = {'op': op, 'lhs': lhs, 'rhs': rhs}
+            result = lhs
+        return result, remaining
+
+    def marker_and(remaining):
+        lhs, remaining = marker_expr(remaining)
+        while remaining:
+            m = AND.match(remaining)
+            if not m:
+                break
+            remaining = remaining[m.end():]
+            rhs, remaining = marker_expr(remaining)
+            lhs = {'op': 'and', 'lhs': lhs, 'rhs': rhs}
+        return lhs, remaining
+
+    def marker(remaining):
+        lhs, remaining = marker_and(remaining)
+        while remaining:
+            m = OR.match(remaining)
+            if not m:
+                break
+            remaining = remaining[m.end():]
+            rhs, remaining = marker_and(remaining)
+            lhs = {'op': 'or', 'lhs': lhs, 'rhs': rhs}
+        return lhs, remaining
+
+    return marker(marker_string)
+
+
+def parse_requirement(req):
+    """
+    Parse a requirement passed in as a string. Return a Container
+    whose attributes contain the various parts of the requirement.
+    """
+    remaining = req.strip()
+    if not remaining or remaining.startswith('#'):
+        return None
+    m = IDENTIFIER.match(remaining)
+    if not m:
+        raise SyntaxError('name expected: %s' % remaining)
+    distname = m.groups()[0]
+    remaining = remaining[m.end():]
+    extras = mark_expr = versions = uri = None
+    if remaining and remaining[0] == '[':
+        i = remaining.find(']', 1)
+        if i < 0:
+            raise SyntaxError('unterminated extra: %s' % remaining)
+        s = remaining[1:i]
+        remaining = remaining[i + 1:].lstrip()
+        extras = []
+        while s:
+            m = IDENTIFIER.match(s)
+            if not m:
+                raise SyntaxError('malformed extra: %s' % s)
+            extras.append(m.groups()[0])
+            s = s[m.end():]
+            if not s:
+                break
+            if s[0] != ',':
+                raise SyntaxError('comma expected in extras: %s' % s)
+            s = s[1:].lstrip()
+        if not extras:
+            extras = None
+    if remaining:
+        if remaining[0] == '@':
+            # it's a URI
+            remaining = remaining[1:].lstrip()
+            m = NON_SPACE.match(remaining)
+            if not m:
+                raise SyntaxError('invalid URI: %s' % remaining)
+            uri = m.groups()[0]
+            t = urlparse(uri)
+            # there are issues with Python and URL parsing, so this test
+            # is a bit crude. See bpo-20271, bpo-23505. Python doesn't
+            # always parse invalid URLs correctly - it should raise
+            # exceptions for malformed URLs
+            if not (t.scheme and t.netloc):
+                raise SyntaxError('Invalid URL: %s' % uri)
+            remaining = remaining[m.end():].lstrip()
+        else:
+
+            def get_versions(ver_remaining):
+                """
+                Return a list of operator, version tuples if any are
+                specified, else None.
+                """
+                m = COMPARE_OP.match(ver_remaining)
+                versions = None
+                if m:
+                    versions = []
+                    while True:
+                        op = m.groups()[0]
+                        ver_remaining = ver_remaining[m.end():]
+                        m = VERSION_IDENTIFIER.match(ver_remaining)
+                        if not m:
+                            raise SyntaxError('invalid version: %s' % ver_remaining)
+                        v = m.groups()[0]
+                        versions.append((op, v))
+                        ver_remaining = ver_remaining[m.end():]
+                        if not ver_remaining or ver_remaining[0] != ',':
+                            break
+                        ver_remaining = ver_remaining[1:].lstrip()
+                        # Some packages have a trailing comma which would break things
+                        # See issue #148
+                        if not ver_remaining:
+                            break
+                        m = COMPARE_OP.match(ver_remaining)
+                        if not m:
+                            raise SyntaxError('invalid constraint: %s' % ver_remaining)
+                    if not versions:
+                        versions = None
+                return versions, ver_remaining
+
+            if remaining[0] != '(':
+                versions, remaining = get_versions(remaining)
+            else:
+                i = remaining.find(')', 1)
+                if i < 0:
+                    raise SyntaxError('unterminated parenthesis: %s' % remaining)
+                s = remaining[1:i]
+                remaining = remaining[i + 1:].lstrip()
+                # As a special diversion from PEP 508, allow a version number
+                # a.b.c in parentheses as a synonym for ~= a.b.c (because this
+                # is allowed in earlier PEPs)
+                if COMPARE_OP.match(s):
+                    versions, _ = get_versions(s)
+                else:
+                    m = VERSION_IDENTIFIER.match(s)
+                    if not m:
+                        raise SyntaxError('invalid constraint: %s' % s)
+                    v = m.groups()[0]
+                    s = s[m.end():].lstrip()
+                    if s:
+                        raise SyntaxError('invalid constraint: %s' % s)
+                    versions = [('~=', v)]
+
+    if remaining:
+        if remaining[0] != ';':
+            raise SyntaxError('invalid requirement: %s' % remaining)
+        remaining = remaining[1:].lstrip()
+
+        mark_expr, remaining = parse_marker(remaining)
+
+    if remaining and remaining[0] != '#':
+        raise SyntaxError('unexpected trailing data: %s' % remaining)
+
+    if not versions:
+        rs = distname
+    else:
+        rs = '%s %s' % (distname, ', '.join(['%s %s' % con for con in versions]))
+    return Container(name=distname, extras=extras, constraints=versions,
+                     marker=mark_expr, url=uri, requirement=rs)
+
+
+def get_resources_dests(resources_root, rules):
+    """Find destinations for resources files"""
+
+    def get_rel_path(root, path):
+        # normalizes and returns a lstripped-/-separated path
+        root = root.replace(os.path.sep, '/')
+        path = path.replace(os.path.sep, '/')
+        assert path.startswith(root)
+        return path[len(root):].lstrip('/')
+
+    destinations = {}
+    for base, suffix, dest in rules:
+        prefix = os.path.join(resources_root, base)
+        for abs_base in iglob(prefix):
+            abs_glob = os.path.join(abs_base, suffix)
+            for abs_path in iglob(abs_glob):
+                resource_file = get_rel_path(resources_root, abs_path)
+                if dest is None:  # remove the entry if it was here
+                    destinations.pop(resource_file, None)
+                else:
+                    rel_path = get_rel_path(abs_base, abs_path)
+                    rel_dest = dest.replace(os.path.sep, '/').rstrip('/')
+                    destinations[resource_file] = rel_dest + '/' + rel_path
+    return destinations
+
+
+def in_venv():
+    if hasattr(sys, 'real_prefix'):
+        # virtualenv venvs
+        result = True
+    else:
+        # PEP 405 venvs
+        result = sys.prefix != getattr(sys, 'base_prefix', sys.prefix)
+    return result
+
+
+def get_executable():
+# The __PYVENV_LAUNCHER__ dance is apparently no longer needed, as
+# changes to the stub launcher mean that sys.executable always points
+# to the stub on OS X
+#    if sys.platform == 'darwin' and ('__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__'
+#                                     in os.environ):
+#        result =  os.environ['__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__']
+#    else:
+#        result = sys.executable
+#    return result
+    # Avoid normcasing: see issue #143
+    # result = os.path.normcase(sys.executable)
+    result = sys.executable
+    if not isinstance(result, text_type):
+        result = fsdecode(result)
+    return result
+
+
+def proceed(prompt, allowed_chars, error_prompt=None, default=None):
+    p = prompt
+    while True:
+        s = raw_input(p)
+        p = prompt
+        if not s and default:
+            s = default
+        if s:
+            c = s[0].lower()
+            if c in allowed_chars:
+                break
+            if error_prompt:
+                p = '%c: %s\n%s' % (c, error_prompt, prompt)
+    return c
+
+
+def extract_by_key(d, keys):
+    if isinstance(keys, string_types):
+        keys = keys.split()
+    result = {}
+    for key in keys:
+        if key in d:
+            result[key] = d[key]
+    return result
+
+def read_exports(stream):
+    if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+        # needs to be a text stream
+        stream = codecs.getreader('utf-8')(stream)
+    # Try to load as JSON, falling back on legacy format
+    data = stream.read()
+    stream = StringIO(data)
+    try:
+        jdata = json.load(stream)
+        result = jdata['extensions']['python.exports']['exports']
+        for group, entries in result.items():
+            for k, v in entries.items():
+                s = '%s = %s' % (k, v)
+                entry = get_export_entry(s)
+                assert entry is not None
+                entries[k] = entry
+        return result
+    except Exception:
+        stream.seek(0, 0)
+
+    def read_stream(cp, stream):
+        if hasattr(cp, 'read_file'):
+            cp.read_file(stream)
+        else:
+            cp.readfp(stream)
+
+    cp = configparser.ConfigParser()
+    try:
+        read_stream(cp, stream)
+    except configparser.MissingSectionHeaderError:
+        stream.close()
+        data = textwrap.dedent(data)
+        stream = StringIO(data)
+        read_stream(cp, stream)
+
+    result = {}
+    for key in cp.sections():
+        result[key] = entries = {}
+        for name, value in cp.items(key):
+            s = '%s = %s' % (name, value)
+            entry = get_export_entry(s)
+            assert entry is not None
+            #entry.dist = self
+            entries[name] = entry
+    return result
+
+
+def write_exports(exports, stream):
+    if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+        # needs to be a text stream
+        stream = codecs.getwriter('utf-8')(stream)
+    cp = configparser.ConfigParser()
+    for k, v in exports.items():
+        # TODO check k, v for valid values
+        cp.add_section(k)
+        for entry in v.values():
+            if entry.suffix is None:
+                s = entry.prefix
+            else:
+                s = '%s:%s' % (entry.prefix, entry.suffix)
+            if entry.flags:
+                s = '%s [%s]' % (s, ', '.join(entry.flags))
+            cp.set(k, entry.name, s)
+    cp.write(stream)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def tempdir():
+    td = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+    try:
+        yield td
+    finally:
+        shutil.rmtree(td)
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def chdir(d):
+    cwd = os.getcwd()
+    try:
+        os.chdir(d)
+        yield
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(cwd)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def socket_timeout(seconds=15):
+    cto = socket.getdefaulttimeout()
+    try:
+        socket.setdefaulttimeout(seconds)
+        yield
+    finally:
+        socket.setdefaulttimeout(cto)
+
+
+class cached_property(object):
+    def __init__(self, func):
+        self.func = func
+        #for attr in ('__name__', '__module__', '__doc__'):
+        #    setattr(self, attr, getattr(func, attr, None))
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, cls=None):
+        if obj is None:
+            return self
+        value = self.func(obj)
+        object.__setattr__(obj, self.func.__name__, value)
+        #obj.__dict__[self.func.__name__] = value = self.func(obj)
+        return value
+
+def convert_path(pathname):
+    """Return 'pathname' as a name that will work on the native filesystem.
+
+    The path is split on '/' and put back together again using the current
+    directory separator.  Needed because filenames in the setup script are
+    always supplied in Unix style, and have to be converted to the local
+    convention before we can actually use them in the filesystem.  Raises
+    ValueError on non-Unix-ish systems if 'pathname' either starts or
+    ends with a slash.
+    """
+    if os.sep == '/':
+        return pathname
+    if not pathname:
+        return pathname
+    if pathname[0] == '/':
+        raise ValueError("path '%s' cannot be absolute" % pathname)
+    if pathname[-1] == '/':
+        raise ValueError("path '%s' cannot end with '/'" % pathname)
+
+    paths = pathname.split('/')
+    while os.curdir in paths:
+        paths.remove(os.curdir)
+    if not paths:
+        return os.curdir
+    return os.path.join(*paths)
+
+
+class FileOperator(object):
+    def __init__(self, dry_run=False):
+        self.dry_run = dry_run
+        self.ensured = set()
+        self._init_record()
+
+    def _init_record(self):
+        self.record = False
+        self.files_written = set()
+        self.dirs_created = set()
+
+    def record_as_written(self, path):
+        if self.record:
+            self.files_written.add(path)
+
+    def newer(self, source, target):
+        """Tell if the target is newer than the source.
+
+        Returns true if 'source' exists and is more recently modified than
+        'target', or if 'source' exists and 'target' doesn't.
+
+        Returns false if both exist and 'target' is the same age or younger
+        than 'source'. Raise PackagingFileError if 'source' does not exist.
+
+        Note that this test is not very accurate: files created in the same
+        second will have the same "age".
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(source):
+            raise DistlibException("file '%r' does not exist" %
+                                   os.path.abspath(source))
+        if not os.path.exists(target):
+            return True
+
+        return os.stat(source).st_mtime > os.stat(target).st_mtime
+
+    def copy_file(self, infile, outfile, check=True):
+        """Copy a file respecting dry-run and force flags.
+        """
+        self.ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(outfile))
+        logger.info('Copying %s to %s', infile, outfile)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            msg = None
+            if check:
+                if os.path.islink(outfile):
+                    msg = '%s is a symlink' % outfile
+                elif os.path.exists(outfile) and not os.path.isfile(outfile):
+                    msg = '%s is a non-regular file' % outfile
+            if msg:
+                raise ValueError(msg + ' which would be overwritten')
+            shutil.copyfile(infile, outfile)
+        self.record_as_written(outfile)
+
+    def copy_stream(self, instream, outfile, encoding=None):
+        assert not os.path.isdir(outfile)
+        self.ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(outfile))
+        logger.info('Copying stream %s to %s', instream, outfile)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            if encoding is None:
+                outstream = open(outfile, 'wb')
+            else:
+                outstream = codecs.open(outfile, 'w', encoding=encoding)
+            try:
+                shutil.copyfileobj(instream, outstream)
+            finally:
+                outstream.close()
+        self.record_as_written(outfile)
+
+    def write_binary_file(self, path, data):
+        self.ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(path))
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            if os.path.exists(path):
+                os.remove(path)
+            with open(path, 'wb') as f:
+                f.write(data)
+        self.record_as_written(path)
+
+    def write_text_file(self, path, data, encoding):
+        self.write_binary_file(path, data.encode(encoding))
+
+    def set_mode(self, bits, mask, files):
+        if os.name == 'posix' or (os.name == 'java' and os._name == 'posix'):
+            # Set the executable bits (owner, group, and world) on
+            # all the files specified.
+            for f in files:
+                if self.dry_run:
+                    logger.info("changing mode of %s", f)
+                else:
+                    mode = (os.stat(f).st_mode | bits) & mask
+                    logger.info("changing mode of %s to %o", f, mode)
+                    os.chmod(f, mode)
+
+    set_executable_mode = lambda s, f: s.set_mode(0o555, 0o7777, f)
+
+    def ensure_dir(self, path):
+        path = os.path.abspath(path)
+        if path not in self.ensured and not os.path.exists(path):
+            self.ensured.add(path)
+            d, f = os.path.split(path)
+            self.ensure_dir(d)
+            logger.info('Creating %s' % path)
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                os.mkdir(path)
+            if self.record:
+                self.dirs_created.add(path)
+
+    def byte_compile(self, path, optimize=False, force=False, prefix=None, hashed_invalidation=False):
+        dpath = cache_from_source(path, not optimize)
+        logger.info('Byte-compiling %s to %s', path, dpath)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            if force or self.newer(path, dpath):
+                if not prefix:
+                    diagpath = None
+                else:
+                    assert path.startswith(prefix)
+                    diagpath = path[len(prefix):]
+            compile_kwargs = {}
+            if hashed_invalidation and hasattr(py_compile, 'PycInvalidationMode'):
+                compile_kwargs['invalidation_mode'] = py_compile.PycInvalidationMode.CHECKED_HASH
+            py_compile.compile(path, dpath, diagpath, True, **compile_kwargs)     # raise error
+        self.record_as_written(dpath)
+        return dpath
+
+    def ensure_removed(self, path):
+        if os.path.exists(path):
+            if os.path.isdir(path) and not os.path.islink(path):
+                logger.debug('Removing directory tree at %s', path)
+                if not self.dry_run:
+                    shutil.rmtree(path)
+                if self.record:
+                    if path in self.dirs_created:
+                        self.dirs_created.remove(path)
+            else:
+                if os.path.islink(path):
+                    s = 'link'
+                else:
+                    s = 'file'
+                logger.debug('Removing %s %s', s, path)
+                if not self.dry_run:
+                    os.remove(path)
+                if self.record:
+                    if path in self.files_written:
+                        self.files_written.remove(path)
+
+    def is_writable(self, path):
+        result = False
+        while not result:
+            if os.path.exists(path):
+                result = os.access(path, os.W_OK)
+                break
+            parent = os.path.dirname(path)
+            if parent == path:
+                break
+            path = parent
+        return result
+
+    def commit(self):
+        """
+        Commit recorded changes, turn off recording, return
+        changes.
+        """
+        assert self.record
+        result = self.files_written, self.dirs_created
+        self._init_record()
+        return result
+
+    def rollback(self):
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            for f in list(self.files_written):
+                if os.path.exists(f):
+                    os.remove(f)
+            # dirs should all be empty now, except perhaps for
+            # __pycache__ subdirs
+            # reverse so that subdirs appear before their parents
+            dirs = sorted(self.dirs_created, reverse=True)
+            for d in dirs:
+                flist = os.listdir(d)
+                if flist:
+                    assert flist == ['__pycache__']
+                    sd = os.path.join(d, flist[0])
+                    os.rmdir(sd)
+                os.rmdir(d)     # should fail if non-empty
+        self._init_record()
+
+def resolve(module_name, dotted_path):
+    if module_name in sys.modules:
+        mod = sys.modules[module_name]
+    else:
+        mod = __import__(module_name)
+    if dotted_path is None:
+        result = mod
+    else:
+        parts = dotted_path.split('.')
+        result = getattr(mod, parts.pop(0))
+        for p in parts:
+            result = getattr(result, p)
+    return result
+
+
+class ExportEntry(object):
+    def __init__(self, name, prefix, suffix, flags):
+        self.name = name
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.suffix = suffix
+        self.flags = flags
+
+    @cached_property
+    def value(self):
+        return resolve(self.prefix, self.suffix)
+
+    def __repr__(self):  # pragma: no cover
+        return '<ExportEntry %s = %s:%s %s>' % (self.name, self.prefix,
+                                                self.suffix, self.flags)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, ExportEntry):
+            result = False
+        else:
+            result = (self.name == other.name and
+                      self.prefix == other.prefix and
+                      self.suffix == other.suffix and
+                      self.flags == other.flags)
+        return result
+
+    __hash__ = object.__hash__
+
+
+ENTRY_RE = re.compile(r'''(?P<name>(\w|[-.+])+)
+                      \s*=\s*(?P<callable>(\w+)([:\.]\w+)*)
+                      \s*(\[\s*(?P<flags>[\w-]+(=\w+)?(,\s*\w+(=\w+)?)*)\s*\])?
+                      ''', re.VERBOSE)
+
+def get_export_entry(specification):
+    m = ENTRY_RE.search(specification)
+    if not m:
+        result = None
+        if '[' in specification or ']' in specification:
+            raise DistlibException("Invalid specification "
+                                   "'%s'" % specification)
+    else:
+        d = m.groupdict()
+        name = d['name']
+        path = d['callable']
+        colons = path.count(':')
+        if colons == 0:
+            prefix, suffix = path, None
+        else:
+            if colons != 1:
+                raise DistlibException("Invalid specification "
+                                       "'%s'" % specification)
+            prefix, suffix = path.split(':')
+        flags = d['flags']
+        if flags is None:
+            if '[' in specification or ']' in specification:
+                raise DistlibException("Invalid specification "
+                                       "'%s'" % specification)
+            flags = []
+        else:
+            flags = [f.strip() for f in flags.split(',')]
+        result = ExportEntry(name, prefix, suffix, flags)
+    return result
+
+
+def get_cache_base(suffix=None):
+    """
+    Return the default base location for distlib caches. If the directory does
+    not exist, it is created. Use the suffix provided for the base directory,
+    and default to '.distlib' if it isn't provided.
+
+    On Windows, if LOCALAPPDATA is defined in the environment, then it is
+    assumed to be a directory, and will be the parent directory of the result.
+    On POSIX, and on Windows if LOCALAPPDATA is not defined, the user's home
+    directory - using os.expanduser('~') - will be the parent directory of
+    the result.
+
+    The result is just the directory '.distlib' in the parent directory as
+    determined above, or with the name specified with ``suffix``.
+    """
+    if suffix is None:
+        suffix = '.distlib'
+    if os.name == 'nt' and 'LOCALAPPDATA' in os.environ:
+        result = os.path.expandvars('$localappdata')
+    else:
+        # Assume posix, or old Windows
+        result = os.path.expanduser('~')
+    # we use 'isdir' instead of 'exists', because we want to
+    # fail if there's a file with that name
+    if os.path.isdir(result):
+        usable = os.access(result, os.W_OK)
+        if not usable:
+            logger.warning('Directory exists but is not writable: %s', result)
+    else:
+        try:
+            os.makedirs(result)
+            usable = True
+        except OSError:
+            logger.warning('Unable to create %s', result, exc_info=True)
+            usable = False
+    if not usable:
+        result = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        logger.warning('Default location unusable, using %s', result)
+    return os.path.join(result, suffix)
+
+
+def path_to_cache_dir(path):
+    """
+    Convert an absolute path to a directory name for use in a cache.
+
+    The algorithm used is:
+
+    #. On Windows, any ``':'`` in the drive is replaced with ``'---'``.
+    #. Any occurrence of ``os.sep`` is replaced with ``'--'``.
+    #. ``'.cache'`` is appended.
+    """
+    d, p = os.path.splitdrive(os.path.abspath(path))
+    if d:
+        d = d.replace(':', '---')
+    p = p.replace(os.sep, '--')
+    return d + p + '.cache'
+
+
+def ensure_slash(s):
+    if not s.endswith('/'):
+        return s + '/'
+    return s
+
+
+def parse_credentials(netloc):
+    username = password = None
+    if '@' in netloc:
+        prefix, netloc = netloc.rsplit('@', 1)
+        if ':' not in prefix:
+            username = prefix
+        else:
+            username, password = prefix.split(':', 1)
+    if username:
+        username = unquote(username)
+    if password:
+        password = unquote(password)
+    return username, password, netloc
+
+
+def get_process_umask():
+    result = os.umask(0o22)
+    os.umask(result)
+    return result
+
+def is_string_sequence(seq):
+    result = True
+    i = None
+    for i, s in enumerate(seq):
+        if not isinstance(s, string_types):
+            result = False
+            break
+    assert i is not None
+    return result
+
+PROJECT_NAME_AND_VERSION = re.compile('([a-z0-9_]+([.-][a-z_][a-z0-9_]*)*)-'
+                                      '([a-z0-9_.+-]+)', re.I)
+PYTHON_VERSION = re.compile(r'-py(\d\.?\d?)')
+
+
+def split_filename(filename, project_name=None):
+    """
+    Extract name, version, python version from a filename (no extension)
+
+    Return name, version, pyver or None
+    """
+    result = None
+    pyver = None
+    filename = unquote(filename).replace(' ', '-')
+    m = PYTHON_VERSION.search(filename)
+    if m:
+        pyver = m.group(1)
+        filename = filename[:m.start()]
+    if project_name and len(filename) > len(project_name) + 1:
+        m = re.match(re.escape(project_name) + r'\b', filename)
+        if m:
+            n = m.end()
+            result = filename[:n], filename[n + 1:], pyver
+    if result is None:
+        m = PROJECT_NAME_AND_VERSION.match(filename)
+        if m:
+            result = m.group(1), m.group(3), pyver
+    return result
+
+# Allow spaces in name because of legacy dists like "Twisted Core"
+NAME_VERSION_RE = re.compile(r'(?P<name>[\w .-]+)\s*'
+                             r'\(\s*(?P<ver>[^\s)]+)\)$')
+
+def parse_name_and_version(p):
+    """
+    A utility method used to get name and version from a string.
+
+    From e.g. a Provides-Dist value.
+
+    :param p: A value in a form 'foo (1.0)'
+    :return: The name and version as a tuple.
+    """
+    m = NAME_VERSION_RE.match(p)
+    if not m:
+        raise DistlibException('Ill-formed name/version string: \'%s\'' % p)
+    d = m.groupdict()
+    return d['name'].strip().lower(), d['ver']
+
+def get_extras(requested, available):
+    result = set()
+    requested = set(requested or [])
+    available = set(available or [])
+    if '*' in requested:
+        requested.remove('*')
+        result |= available
+    for r in requested:
+        if r == '-':
+            result.add(r)
+        elif r.startswith('-'):
+            unwanted = r[1:]
+            if unwanted not in available:
+                logger.warning('undeclared extra: %s' % unwanted)
+            if unwanted in result:
+                result.remove(unwanted)
+        else:
+            if r not in available:
+                logger.warning('undeclared extra: %s' % r)
+            result.add(r)
+    return result
+#
+# Extended metadata functionality
+#
+
+def _get_external_data(url):
+    result = {}
+    try:
+        # urlopen might fail if it runs into redirections,
+        # because of Python issue #13696. Fixed in locators
+        # using a custom redirect handler.
+        resp = urlopen(url)
+        headers = resp.info()
+        ct = headers.get('Content-Type')
+        if not ct.startswith('application/json'):
+            logger.debug('Unexpected response for JSON request: %s', ct)
+        else:
+            reader = codecs.getreader('utf-8')(resp)
+            #data = reader.read().decode('utf-8')
+            #result = json.loads(data)
+            result = json.load(reader)
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.exception('Failed to get external data for %s: %s', url, e)
+    return result
+
+_external_data_base_url = 'https://www.red-dove.com/pypi/projects/'
+
+def get_project_data(name):
+    url = '%s/%s/project.json' % (name[0].upper(), name)
+    url = urljoin(_external_data_base_url, url)
+    result = _get_external_data(url)
+    return result
+
+def get_package_data(name, version):
+    url = '%s/%s/package-%s.json' % (name[0].upper(), name, version)
+    url = urljoin(_external_data_base_url, url)
+    return _get_external_data(url)
+
+
+class Cache(object):
+    """
+    A class implementing a cache for resources that need to live in the file system
+    e.g. shared libraries. This class was moved from resources to here because it
+    could be used by other modules, e.g. the wheel module.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, base):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance.
+
+        :param base: The base directory where the cache should be located.
+        """
+        # we use 'isdir' instead of 'exists', because we want to
+        # fail if there's a file with that name
+        if not os.path.isdir(base):  # pragma: no cover
+            os.makedirs(base)
+        if (os.stat(base).st_mode & 0o77) != 0:
+            logger.warning('Directory \'%s\' is not private', base)
+        self.base = os.path.abspath(os.path.normpath(base))
+
+    def prefix_to_dir(self, prefix):
+        """
+        Converts a resource prefix to a directory name in the cache.
+        """
+        return path_to_cache_dir(prefix)
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """
+        Clear the cache.
+        """
+        not_removed = []
+        for fn in os.listdir(self.base):
+            fn = os.path.join(self.base, fn)
+            try:
+                if os.path.islink(fn) or os.path.isfile(fn):
+                    os.remove(fn)
+                elif os.path.isdir(fn):
+                    shutil.rmtree(fn)
+            except Exception:
+                not_removed.append(fn)
+        return not_removed
+
+
+class EventMixin(object):
+    """
+    A very simple publish/subscribe system.
+    """
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._subscribers = {}
+
+    def add(self, event, subscriber, append=True):
+        """
+        Add a subscriber for an event.
+
+        :param event: The name of an event.
+        :param subscriber: The subscriber to be added (and called when the
+                           event is published).
+        :param append: Whether to append or prepend the subscriber to an
+                       existing subscriber list for the event.
+        """
+        subs = self._subscribers
+        if event not in subs:
+            subs[event] = deque([subscriber])
+        else:
+            sq = subs[event]
+            if append:
+                sq.append(subscriber)
+            else:
+                sq.appendleft(subscriber)
+
+    def remove(self, event, subscriber):
+        """
+        Remove a subscriber for an event.
+
+        :param event: The name of an event.
+        :param subscriber: The subscriber to be removed.
+        """
+        subs = self._subscribers
+        if event not in subs:
+            raise ValueError('No subscribers: %r' % event)
+        subs[event].remove(subscriber)
+
+    def get_subscribers(self, event):
+        """
+        Return an iterator for the subscribers for an event.
+        :param event: The event to return subscribers for.
+        """
+        return iter(self._subscribers.get(event, ()))
+
+    def publish(self, event, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Publish a event and return a list of values returned by its
+        subscribers.
+
+        :param event: The event to publish.
+        :param args: The positional arguments to pass to the event's
+                     subscribers.
+        :param kwargs: The keyword arguments to pass to the event's
+                       subscribers.
+        """
+        result = []
+        for subscriber in self.get_subscribers(event):
+            try:
+                value = subscriber(event, *args, **kwargs)
+            except Exception:
+                logger.exception('Exception during event publication')
+                value = None
+            result.append(value)
+        logger.debug('publish %s: args = %s, kwargs = %s, result = %s',
+                     event, args, kwargs, result)
+        return result
+
+#
+# Simple sequencing
+#
+class Sequencer(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._preds = {}
+        self._succs = {}
+        self._nodes = set()     # nodes with no preds/succs
+
+    def add_node(self, node):
+        self._nodes.add(node)
+
+    def remove_node(self, node, edges=False):
+        if node in self._nodes:
+            self._nodes.remove(node)
+        if edges:
+            for p in set(self._preds.get(node, ())):
+                self.remove(p, node)
+            for s in set(self._succs.get(node, ())):
+                self.remove(node, s)
+            # Remove empties
+            for k, v in list(self._preds.items()):
+                if not v:
+                    del self._preds[k]
+            for k, v in list(self._succs.items()):
+                if not v:
+                    del self._succs[k]
+
+    def add(self, pred, succ):
+        assert pred != succ
+        self._preds.setdefault(succ, set()).add(pred)
+        self._succs.setdefault(pred, set()).add(succ)
+
+    def remove(self, pred, succ):
+        assert pred != succ
+        try:
+            preds = self._preds[succ]
+            succs = self._succs[pred]
+        except KeyError:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise ValueError('%r not a successor of anything' % succ)
+        try:
+            preds.remove(pred)
+            succs.remove(succ)
+        except KeyError:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise ValueError('%r not a successor of %r' % (succ, pred))
+
+    def is_step(self, step):
+        return (step in self._preds or step in self._succs or
+                step in self._nodes)
+
+    def get_steps(self, final):
+        if not self.is_step(final):
+            raise ValueError('Unknown: %r' % final)
+        result = []
+        todo = []
+        seen = set()
+        todo.append(final)
+        while todo:
+            step = todo.pop(0)
+            if step in seen:
+                # if a step was already seen,
+                # move it to the end (so it will appear earlier
+                # when reversed on return) ... but not for the
+                # final step, as that would be confusing for
+                # users
+                if step != final:
+                    result.remove(step)
+                    result.append(step)
+            else:
+                seen.add(step)
+                result.append(step)
+                preds = self._preds.get(step, ())
+                todo.extend(preds)
+        return reversed(result)
+
+    @property
+    def strong_connections(self):
+        #http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarjan%27s_strongly_connected_components_algorithm
+        index_counter = [0]
+        stack = []
+        lowlinks = {}
+        index = {}
+        result = []
+
+        graph = self._succs
+
+        def strongconnect(node):
+            # set the depth index for this node to the smallest unused index
+            index[node] = index_counter[0]
+            lowlinks[node] = index_counter[0]
+            index_counter[0] += 1
+            stack.append(node)
+
+            # Consider successors
+            try:
+                successors = graph[node]
+            except Exception:
+                successors = []
+            for successor in successors:
+                if successor not in lowlinks:
+                    # Successor has not yet been visited
+                    strongconnect(successor)
+                    lowlinks[node] = min(lowlinks[node],lowlinks[successor])
+                elif successor in stack:
+                    # the successor is in the stack and hence in the current
+                    # strongly connected component (SCC)
+                    lowlinks[node] = min(lowlinks[node],index[successor])
+
+            # If `node` is a root node, pop the stack and generate an SCC
+            if lowlinks[node] == index[node]:
+                connected_component = []
+
+                while True:
+                    successor = stack.pop()
+                    connected_component.append(successor)
+                    if successor == node: break
+                component = tuple(connected_component)
+                # storing the result
+                result.append(component)
+
+        for node in graph:
+            if node not in lowlinks:
+                strongconnect(node)
+
+        return result
+
+    @property
+    def dot(self):
+        result = ['digraph G {']
+        for succ in self._preds:
+            preds = self._preds[succ]
+            for pred in preds:
+                result.append('  %s -> %s;' % (pred, succ))
+        for node in self._nodes:
+            result.append('  %s;' % node)
+        result.append('}')
+        return '\n'.join(result)
+
+#
+# Unarchiving functionality for zip, tar, tgz, tbz, whl
+#
+
+ARCHIVE_EXTENSIONS = ('.tar.gz', '.tar.bz2', '.tar', '.zip',
+                      '.tgz', '.tbz', '.whl')
+
+def unarchive(archive_filename, dest_dir, format=None, check=True):
+
+    def check_path(path):
+        if not isinstance(path, text_type):
+            path = path.decode('utf-8')
+        p = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(dest_dir, path))
+        if not p.startswith(dest_dir) or p[plen] != os.sep:
+            raise ValueError('path outside destination: %r' % p)
+
+    dest_dir = os.path.abspath(dest_dir)
+    plen = len(dest_dir)
+    archive = None
+    if format is None:
+        if archive_filename.endswith(('.zip', '.whl')):
+            format = 'zip'
+        elif archive_filename.endswith(('.tar.gz', '.tgz')):
+            format = 'tgz'
+            mode = 'r:gz'
+        elif archive_filename.endswith(('.tar.bz2', '.tbz')):
+            format = 'tbz'
+            mode = 'r:bz2'
+        elif archive_filename.endswith('.tar'):
+            format = 'tar'
+            mode = 'r'
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise ValueError('Unknown format for %r' % archive_filename)
+    try:
+        if format == 'zip':
+            archive = ZipFile(archive_filename, 'r')
+            if check:
+                names = archive.namelist()
+                for name in names:
+                    check_path(name)
+        else:
+            archive = tarfile.open(archive_filename, mode)
+            if check:
+                names = archive.getnames()
+                for name in names:
+                    check_path(name)
+        if format != 'zip' and sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+            # See Python issue 17153. If the dest path contains Unicode,
+            # tarfile extraction fails on Python 2.x if a member path name
+            # contains non-ASCII characters - it leads to an implicit
+            # bytes -> unicode conversion using ASCII to decode.
+            for tarinfo in archive.getmembers():
+                if not isinstance(tarinfo.name, text_type):
+                    tarinfo.name = tarinfo.name.decode('utf-8')
+        archive.extractall(dest_dir)
+
+    finally:
+        if archive:
+            archive.close()
+
+
+def zip_dir(directory):
+    """zip a directory tree into a BytesIO object"""
+    result = io.BytesIO()
+    dlen = len(directory)
+    with ZipFile(result, "w") as zf:
+        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
+            for name in files:
+                full = os.path.join(root, name)
+                rel = root[dlen:]
+                dest = os.path.join(rel, name)
+                zf.write(full, dest)
+    return result
+
+#
+# Simple progress bar
+#
+
+UNITS = ('', 'K', 'M', 'G','T','P')
+
+
+class Progress(object):
+    unknown = 'UNKNOWN'
+
+    def __init__(self, minval=0, maxval=100):
+        assert maxval is None or maxval >= minval
+        self.min = self.cur = minval
+        self.max = maxval
+        self.started = None
+        self.elapsed = 0
+        self.done = False
+
+    def update(self, curval):
+        assert self.min <= curval
+        assert self.max is None or curval <= self.max
+        self.cur = curval
+        now = time.time()
+        if self.started is None:
+            self.started = now
+        else:
+            self.elapsed = now - self.started
+
+    def increment(self, incr):
+        assert incr >= 0
+        self.update(self.cur + incr)
+
+    def start(self):
+        self.update(self.min)
+        return self
+
+    def stop(self):
+        if self.max is not None:
+            self.update(self.max)
+        self.done = True
+
+    @property
+    def maximum(self):
+        return self.unknown if self.max is None else self.max
+
+    @property
+    def percentage(self):
+        if self.done:
+            result = '100 %'
+        elif self.max is None:
+            result = ' ?? %'
+        else:
+            v = 100.0 * (self.cur - self.min) / (self.max - self.min)
+            result = '%3d %%' % v
+        return result
+
+    def format_duration(self, duration):
+        if (duration <= 0) and self.max is None or self.cur == self.min:
+            result = '??:??:??'
+        #elif duration < 1:
+        #    result = '--:--:--'
+        else:
+            result = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(duration))
+        return result
+
+    @property
+    def ETA(self):
+        if self.done:
+            prefix = 'Done'
+            t = self.elapsed
+            #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+        else:
+            prefix = 'ETA '
+            if self.max is None:
+                t = -1
+            elif self.elapsed == 0 or (self.cur == self.min):
+                t = 0
+            else:
+                #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+                t = float(self.max - self.min)
+                t /= self.cur - self.min
+                t = (t - 1) * self.elapsed
+        return '%s: %s' % (prefix, self.format_duration(t))
+
+    @property
+    def speed(self):
+        if self.elapsed == 0:
+            result = 0.0
+        else:
+            result = (self.cur - self.min) / self.elapsed
+        for unit in UNITS:
+            if result < 1000:
+                break
+            result /= 1000.0
+        return '%d %sB/s' % (result, unit)
+
+#
+# Glob functionality
+#
+
+RICH_GLOB = re.compile(r'\{([^}]*)\}')
+_CHECK_RECURSIVE_GLOB = re.compile(r'[^/\\,{]\*\*|\*\*[^/\\,}]')
+_CHECK_MISMATCH_SET = re.compile(r'^[^{]*\}|\{[^}]*$')
+
+
+def iglob(path_glob):
+    """Extended globbing function that supports ** and {opt1,opt2,opt3}."""
+    if _CHECK_RECURSIVE_GLOB.search(path_glob):
+        msg = """invalid glob %r: recursive glob "**" must be used alone"""
+        raise ValueError(msg % path_glob)
+    if _CHECK_MISMATCH_SET.search(path_glob):
+        msg = """invalid glob %r: mismatching set marker '{' or '}'"""
+        raise ValueError(msg % path_glob)
+    return _iglob(path_glob)
+
+
+def _iglob(path_glob):
+    rich_path_glob = RICH_GLOB.split(path_glob, 1)
+    if len(rich_path_glob) > 1:
+        assert len(rich_path_glob) == 3, rich_path_glob
+        prefix, set, suffix = rich_path_glob
+        for item in set.split(','):
+            for path in _iglob(''.join((prefix, item, suffix))):
+                yield path
+    else:
+        if '**' not in path_glob:
+            for item in std_iglob(path_glob):
+                yield item
+        else:
+            prefix, radical = path_glob.split('**', 1)
+            if prefix == '':
+                prefix = '.'
+            if radical == '':
+                radical = '*'
+            else:
+                # we support both
+                radical = radical.lstrip('/')
+                radical = radical.lstrip('\\')
+            for path, dir, files in os.walk(prefix):
+                path = os.path.normpath(path)
+                for fn in _iglob(os.path.join(path, radical)):
+                    yield fn
+
+if ssl:
+    from .compat import (HTTPSHandler as BaseHTTPSHandler, match_hostname,
+                         CertificateError)
+
+
+#
+# HTTPSConnection which verifies certificates/matches domains
+#
+
+    class HTTPSConnection(httplib.HTTPSConnection):
+        ca_certs = None # set this to the path to the certs file (.pem)
+        check_domain = True # only used if ca_certs is not None
+
+        # noinspection PyPropertyAccess
+        def connect(self):
+            sock = socket.create_connection((self.host, self.port), self.timeout)
+            if getattr(self, '_tunnel_host', False):
+                self.sock = sock
+                self._tunnel()
+
+            if not hasattr(ssl, 'SSLContext'):
+                # For 2.x
+                if self.ca_certs:
+                    cert_reqs = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+                else:
+                    cert_reqs = ssl.CERT_NONE
+                self.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(sock, self.key_file, self.cert_file,
+                                            cert_reqs=cert_reqs,
+                                            ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23,
+                                            ca_certs=self.ca_certs)
+            else:  # pragma: no cover
+                context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23)
+                if hasattr(ssl, 'OP_NO_SSLv2'):
+                    context.options |= ssl.OP_NO_SSLv2
+                if self.cert_file:
+                    context.load_cert_chain(self.cert_file, self.key_file)
+                kwargs = {}
+                if self.ca_certs:
+                    context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+                    context.load_verify_locations(cafile=self.ca_certs)
+                    if getattr(ssl, 'HAS_SNI', False):
+                        kwargs['server_hostname'] = self.host
+                self.sock = context.wrap_socket(sock, **kwargs)
+            if self.ca_certs and self.check_domain:
+                try:
+                    match_hostname(self.sock.getpeercert(), self.host)
+                    logger.debug('Host verified: %s', self.host)
+                except CertificateError:  # pragma: no cover
+                    self.sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
+                    self.sock.close()
+                    raise
+
+    class HTTPSHandler(BaseHTTPSHandler):
+        def __init__(self, ca_certs, check_domain=True):
+            BaseHTTPSHandler.__init__(self)
+            self.ca_certs = ca_certs
+            self.check_domain = check_domain
+
+        def _conn_maker(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            """
+            This is called to create a connection instance. Normally you'd
+            pass a connection class to do_open, but it doesn't actually check for
+            a class, and just expects a callable. As long as we behave just as a
+            constructor would have, we should be OK. If it ever changes so that
+            we *must* pass a class, we'll create an UnsafeHTTPSConnection class
+            which just sets check_domain to False in the class definition, and
+            choose which one to pass to do_open.
+            """
+            result = HTTPSConnection(*args, **kwargs)
+            if self.ca_certs:
+                result.ca_certs = self.ca_certs
+                result.check_domain = self.check_domain
+            return result
+
+        def https_open(self, req):
+            try:
+                return self.do_open(self._conn_maker, req)
+            except URLError as e:
+                if 'certificate verify failed' in str(e.reason):
+                    raise CertificateError('Unable to verify server certificate '
+                                           'for %s' % req.host)
+                else:
+                    raise
+
+    #
+    # To prevent against mixing HTTP traffic with HTTPS (examples: A Man-In-The-
+    # Middle proxy using HTTP listens on port 443, or an index mistakenly serves
+    # HTML containing a http://xyz link when it should be https://xyz),
+    # you can use the following handler class, which does not allow HTTP traffic.
+    #
+    # It works by inheriting from HTTPHandler - so build_opener won't add a
+    # handler for HTTP itself.
+    #
+    class HTTPSOnlyHandler(HTTPSHandler, HTTPHandler):
+        def http_open(self, req):
+            raise URLError('Unexpected HTTP request on what should be a secure '
+                           'connection: %s' % req)
+
+#
+# XML-RPC with timeouts
+#
+
+_ver_info = sys.version_info[:2]
+
+if _ver_info == (2, 6):
+    class HTTP(httplib.HTTP):
+        def __init__(self, host='', port=None, **kwargs):
+            if port == 0:   # 0 means use port 0, not the default port
+                port = None
+            self._setup(self._connection_class(host, port, **kwargs))
+
+
+    if ssl:
+        class HTTPS(httplib.HTTPS):
+            def __init__(self, host='', port=None, **kwargs):
+                if port == 0:   # 0 means use port 0, not the default port
+                    port = None
+                self._setup(self._connection_class(host, port, **kwargs))
+
+
+class Transport(xmlrpclib.Transport):
+    def __init__(self, timeout, use_datetime=0):
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        xmlrpclib.Transport.__init__(self, use_datetime)
+
+    def make_connection(self, host):
+        h, eh, x509 = self.get_host_info(host)
+        if _ver_info == (2, 6):
+            result = HTTP(h, timeout=self.timeout)
+        else:
+            if not self._connection or host != self._connection[0]:
+                self._extra_headers = eh
+                self._connection = host, httplib.HTTPConnection(h)
+            result = self._connection[1]
+        return result
+
+if ssl:
+    class SafeTransport(xmlrpclib.SafeTransport):
+        def __init__(self, timeout, use_datetime=0):
+            self.timeout = timeout
+            xmlrpclib.SafeTransport.__init__(self, use_datetime)
+
+        def make_connection(self, host):
+            h, eh, kwargs = self.get_host_info(host)
+            if not kwargs:
+                kwargs = {}
+            kwargs['timeout'] = self.timeout
+            if _ver_info == (2, 6):
+                result = HTTPS(host, None, **kwargs)
+            else:
+                if not self._connection or host != self._connection[0]:
+                    self._extra_headers = eh
+                    self._connection = host, httplib.HTTPSConnection(h, None,
+                                                                     **kwargs)
+                result = self._connection[1]
+            return result
+
+
+class ServerProxy(xmlrpclib.ServerProxy):
+    def __init__(self, uri, **kwargs):
+        self.timeout = timeout = kwargs.pop('timeout', None)
+        # The above classes only come into play if a timeout
+        # is specified
+        if timeout is not None:
+            # scheme = splittype(uri)  # deprecated as of Python 3.8
+            scheme = urlparse(uri)[0]
+            use_datetime = kwargs.get('use_datetime', 0)
+            if scheme == 'https':
+                tcls = SafeTransport
+            else:
+                tcls = Transport
+            kwargs['transport'] = t = tcls(timeout, use_datetime=use_datetime)
+            self.transport = t
+        xmlrpclib.ServerProxy.__init__(self, uri, **kwargs)
+
+#
+# CSV functionality. This is provided because on 2.x, the csv module can't
+# handle Unicode. However, we need to deal with Unicode in e.g. RECORD files.
+#
+
+def _csv_open(fn, mode, **kwargs):
+    if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+        mode += 'b'
+    else:
+        kwargs['newline'] = ''
+        # Python 3 determines encoding from locale. Force 'utf-8'
+        # file encoding to match other forced utf-8 encoding
+        kwargs['encoding'] = 'utf-8'
+    return open(fn, mode, **kwargs)
+
+
+class CSVBase(object):
+    defaults = {
+        'delimiter': str(','),      # The strs are used because we need native
+        'quotechar': str('"'),      # str in the csv API (2.x won't take
+        'lineterminator': str('\n') # Unicode)
+    }
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *exc_info):
+        self.stream.close()
+
+
+class CSVReader(CSVBase):
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        if 'stream' in kwargs:
+            stream = kwargs['stream']
+            if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+                # needs to be a text stream
+                stream = codecs.getreader('utf-8')(stream)
+            self.stream = stream
+        else:
+            self.stream = _csv_open(kwargs['path'], 'r')
+        self.reader = csv.reader(self.stream, **self.defaults)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def next(self):
+        result = next(self.reader)
+        if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+            for i, item in enumerate(result):
+                if not isinstance(item, text_type):
+                    result[i] = item.decode('utf-8')
+        return result
+
+    __next__ = next
+
+class CSVWriter(CSVBase):
+    def __init__(self, fn, **kwargs):
+        self.stream = _csv_open(fn, 'w')
+        self.writer = csv.writer(self.stream, **self.defaults)
+
+    def writerow(self, row):
+        if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+            r = []
+            for item in row:
+                if isinstance(item, text_type):
+                    item = item.encode('utf-8')
+                r.append(item)
+            row = r
+        self.writer.writerow(row)
+
+#
+#   Configurator functionality
+#
+
+class Configurator(BaseConfigurator):
+
+    value_converters = dict(BaseConfigurator.value_converters)
+    value_converters['inc'] = 'inc_convert'
+
+    def __init__(self, config, base=None):
+        super(Configurator, self).__init__(config)
+        self.base = base or os.getcwd()
+
+    def configure_custom(self, config):
+        def convert(o):
+            if isinstance(o, (list, tuple)):
+                result = type(o)([convert(i) for i in o])
+            elif isinstance(o, dict):
+                if '()' in o:
+                    result = self.configure_custom(o)
+                else:
+                    result = {}
+                    for k in o:
+                        result[k] = convert(o[k])
+            else:
+                result = self.convert(o)
+            return result
+
+        c = config.pop('()')
+        if not callable(c):
+            c = self.resolve(c)
+        props = config.pop('.', None)
+        # Check for valid identifiers
+        args = config.pop('[]', ())
+        if args:
+            args = tuple([convert(o) for o in args])
+        items = [(k, convert(config[k])) for k in config if valid_ident(k)]
+        kwargs = dict(items)
+        result = c(*args, **kwargs)
+        if props:
+            for n, v in props.items():
+                setattr(result, n, convert(v))
+        return result
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        result = self.config[key]
+        if isinstance(result, dict) and '()' in result:
+            self.config[key] = result = self.configure_custom(result)
+        return result
+
+    def inc_convert(self, value):
+        """Default converter for the inc:// protocol."""
+        if not os.path.isabs(value):
+            value = os.path.join(self.base, value)
+        with codecs.open(value, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            result = json.load(f)
+        return result
+
+
+class SubprocessMixin(object):
+    """
+    Mixin for running subprocesses and capturing their output
+    """
+    def __init__(self, verbose=False, progress=None):
+        self.verbose = verbose
+        self.progress = progress
+
+    def reader(self, stream, context):
+        """
+        Read lines from a subprocess' output stream and either pass to a progress
+        callable (if specified) or write progress information to sys.stderr.
+        """
+        progress = self.progress
+        verbose = self.verbose
+        while True:
+            s = stream.readline()
+            if not s:
+                break
+            if progress is not None:
+                progress(s, context)
+            else:
+                if not verbose:
+                    sys.stderr.write('.')
+                else:
+                    sys.stderr.write(s.decode('utf-8'))
+                sys.stderr.flush()
+        stream.close()
+
+    def run_command(self, cmd, **kwargs):
+        p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                             stderr=subprocess.PIPE, **kwargs)
+        t1 = threading.Thread(target=self.reader, args=(p.stdout, 'stdout'))
+        t1.start()
+        t2 = threading.Thread(target=self.reader, args=(p.stderr, 'stderr'))
+        t2.start()
+        p.wait()
+        t1.join()
+        t2.join()
+        if self.progress is not None:
+            self.progress('done.', 'main')
+        elif self.verbose:
+            sys.stderr.write('done.\n')
+        return p
+
+
+def normalize_name(name):
+    """Normalize a python package name a la PEP 503"""
+    # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0503/#normalized-names
+    return re.sub('[-_.]+', '-', name).lower()
+
+# def _get_pypirc_command():
+    # """
+    # Get the distutils command for interacting with PyPI configurations.
+    # :return: the command.
+    # """
+    # from distutils.core import Distribution
+    # from distutils.config import PyPIRCCommand
+    # d = Distribution()
+    # return PyPIRCCommand(d)
+
+class PyPIRCFile(object):
+
+    DEFAULT_REPOSITORY = 'https://upload.pypi.org/legacy/'
+    DEFAULT_REALM = 'pypi'
+
+    def __init__(self, fn=None, url=None):
+        if fn is None:
+            fn = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), '.pypirc')
+        self.filename = fn
+        self.url = url
+
+    def read(self):
+        result = {}
+
+        if os.path.exists(self.filename):
+            repository = self.url or self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY
+
+            config = configparser.RawConfigParser()
+            config.read(self.filename)
+            sections = config.sections()
+            if 'distutils' in sections:
+                # let's get the list of servers
+                index_servers = config.get('distutils', 'index-servers')
+                _servers = [server.strip() for server in
+                            index_servers.split('\n')
+                            if server.strip() != '']
+                if _servers == []:
+                    # nothing set, let's try to get the default pypi
+                    if 'pypi' in sections:
+                        _servers = ['pypi']
+                else:
+                    for server in _servers:
+                        result = {'server': server}
+                        result['username'] = config.get(server, 'username')
+
+                        # optional params
+                        for key, default in (('repository', self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY),
+                                             ('realm', self.DEFAULT_REALM),
+                                             ('password', None)):
+                            if config.has_option(server, key):
+                                result[key] = config.get(server, key)
+                            else:
+                                result[key] = default
+
+                        # work around people having "repository" for the "pypi"
+                        # section of their config set to the HTTP (rather than
+                        # HTTPS) URL
+                        if (server == 'pypi' and
+                            repository in (self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY, 'pypi')):
+                            result['repository'] = self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY
+                        elif (result['server'] != repository and
+                              result['repository'] != repository):
+                            result = {}
+            elif 'server-login' in sections:
+                # old format
+                server = 'server-login'
+                if config.has_option(server, 'repository'):
+                    repository = config.get(server, 'repository')
+                else:
+                    repository = self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY
+                result = {
+                    'username': config.get(server, 'username'),
+                    'password': config.get(server, 'password'),
+                    'repository': repository,
+                    'server': server,
+                    'realm': self.DEFAULT_REALM
+                }
+        return result
+
+    def update(self, username, password):
+        # import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+        config = configparser.RawConfigParser()
+        fn = self.filename
+        config.read(fn)
+        if not config.has_section('pypi'):
+            config.add_section('pypi')
+        config.set('pypi', 'username', username)
+        config.set('pypi', 'password', password)
+        with open(fn, 'w') as f:
+            config.write(f)
+
+def _load_pypirc(index):
+    """
+    Read the PyPI access configuration as supported by distutils.
+    """
+    return PyPIRCFile(url=index.url).read()
+
+def _store_pypirc(index):
+    PyPIRCFile().update(index.username, index.password)
+
+#
+# get_platform()/get_host_platform() copied from Python 3.10.a0 source, with some minor
+# tweaks
+#
+
+def get_host_platform():
+    """Return a string that identifies the current platform.  This is used mainly to
+    distinguish platform-specific build directories and platform-specific built
+    distributions.  Typically includes the OS name and version and the
+    architecture (as supplied by 'os.uname()'), although the exact information
+    included depends on the OS; eg. on Linux, the kernel version isn't
+    particularly important.
+
+    Examples of returned values:
+       linux-i586
+       linux-alpha (?)
+       solaris-2.6-sun4u
+
+    Windows will return one of:
+       win-amd64 (64bit Windows on AMD64 (aka x86_64, Intel64, EM64T, etc)
+       win32 (all others - specifically, sys.platform is returned)
+
+    For other non-POSIX platforms, currently just returns 'sys.platform'.
+
+    """
+    if os.name == 'nt':
+        if 'amd64' in sys.version.lower():
+            return 'win-amd64'
+        if '(arm)' in sys.version.lower():
+            return 'win-arm32'
+        if '(arm64)' in sys.version.lower():
+            return 'win-arm64'
+        return sys.platform
+
+    # Set for cross builds explicitly
+    if "_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM" in os.environ:
+        return os.environ["_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM"]
+
+    if os.name != 'posix' or not hasattr(os, 'uname'):
+        # XXX what about the architecture? NT is Intel or Alpha,
+        # Mac OS is M68k or PPC, etc.
+        return sys.platform
+
+    # Try to distinguish various flavours of Unix
+
+    (osname, host, release, version, machine) = os.uname()
+
+    # Convert the OS name to lowercase, remove '/' characters, and translate
+    # spaces (for "Power Macintosh")
+    osname = osname.lower().replace('/', '')
+    machine = machine.replace(' ', '_').replace('/', '-')
+
+    if osname[:5] == 'linux':
+        # At least on Linux/Intel, 'machine' is the processor --
+        # i386, etc.
+        # XXX what about Alpha, SPARC, etc?
+        return  "%s-%s" % (osname, machine)
+
+    elif osname[:5] == 'sunos':
+        if release[0] >= '5':           # SunOS 5 == Solaris 2
+            osname = 'solaris'
+            release = '%d.%s' % (int(release[0]) - 3, release[2:])
+            # We can't use 'platform.architecture()[0]' because a
+            # bootstrap problem. We use a dict to get an error
+            # if some suspicious happens.
+            bitness = {2147483647:'32bit', 9223372036854775807:'64bit'}
+            machine += '.%s' % bitness[sys.maxsize]
+        # fall through to standard osname-release-machine representation
+    elif osname[:3] == 'aix':
+        from _aix_support import aix_platform
+        return aix_platform()
+    elif osname[:6] == 'cygwin':
+        osname = 'cygwin'
+        rel_re = re.compile (r'[\d.]+', re.ASCII)
+        m = rel_re.match(release)
+        if m:
+            release = m.group()
+    elif osname[:6] == 'darwin':
+        import _osx_support, distutils.sysconfig
+        osname, release, machine = _osx_support.get_platform_osx(
+                                        distutils.sysconfig.get_config_vars(),
+                                        osname, release, machine)
+
+    return '%s-%s-%s' % (osname, release, machine)
+
+
+_TARGET_TO_PLAT = {
+    'x86' : 'win32',
+    'x64' : 'win-amd64',
+    'arm' : 'win-arm32',
+}
+
+
+def get_platform():
+    if os.name != 'nt':
+        return get_host_platform()
+    cross_compilation_target = os.environ.get('VSCMD_ARG_TGT_ARCH')
+    if cross_compilation_target not in _TARGET_TO_PLAT:
+        return get_host_platform()
+    return _TARGET_TO_PLAT[cross_compilation_target]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7c8bb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,739 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2017 The Python Software Foundation.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+"""
+Implementation of a flexible versioning scheme providing support for PEP-440,
+setuptools-compatible and semantic versioning.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import re
+
+from .compat import string_types
+from .util import parse_requirement
+
+__all__ = ['NormalizedVersion', 'NormalizedMatcher',
+           'LegacyVersion', 'LegacyMatcher',
+           'SemanticVersion', 'SemanticMatcher',
+           'UnsupportedVersionError', 'get_scheme']
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class UnsupportedVersionError(ValueError):
+    """This is an unsupported version."""
+    pass
+
+
+class Version(object):
+    def __init__(self, s):
+        self._string = s = s.strip()
+        self._parts = parts = self.parse(s)
+        assert isinstance(parts, tuple)
+        assert len(parts) > 0
+
+    def parse(self, s):
+        raise NotImplementedError('please implement in a subclass')
+
+    def _check_compatible(self, other):
+        if type(self) != type(other):
+            raise TypeError('cannot compare %r and %r' % (self, other))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        self._check_compatible(other)
+        return self._parts == other._parts
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        self._check_compatible(other)
+        return self._parts < other._parts
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return not (self.__lt__(other) or self.__eq__(other))
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return self.__lt__(other) or self.__eq__(other)
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return self.__gt__(other) or self.__eq__(other)
+
+    # See http://docs.python.org/reference/datamodel#object.__hash__
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._parts)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s('%s')" % (self.__class__.__name__, self._string)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self._string
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError('Please implement in subclasses.')
+
+
+class Matcher(object):
+    version_class = None
+
+    # value is either a callable or the name of a method
+    _operators = {
+        '<': lambda v, c, p: v < c,
+        '>': lambda v, c, p: v > c,
+        '<=': lambda v, c, p: v == c or v < c,
+        '>=': lambda v, c, p: v == c or v > c,
+        '==': lambda v, c, p: v == c,
+        '===': lambda v, c, p: v == c,
+        # by default, compatible => >=.
+        '~=': lambda v, c, p: v == c or v > c,
+        '!=': lambda v, c, p: v != c,
+    }
+
+    # this is a method only to support alternative implementations
+    # via overriding
+    def parse_requirement(self, s):
+        return parse_requirement(s)
+
+    def __init__(self, s):
+        if self.version_class is None:
+            raise ValueError('Please specify a version class')
+        self._string = s = s.strip()
+        r = self.parse_requirement(s)
+        if not r:
+            raise ValueError('Not valid: %r' % s)
+        self.name = r.name
+        self.key = self.name.lower()    # for case-insensitive comparisons
+        clist = []
+        if r.constraints:
+            # import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+            for op, s in r.constraints:
+                if s.endswith('.*'):
+                    if op not in ('==', '!='):
+                        raise ValueError('\'.*\' not allowed for '
+                                         '%r constraints' % op)
+                    # Could be a partial version (e.g. for '2.*') which
+                    # won't parse as a version, so keep it as a string
+                    vn, prefix = s[:-2], True
+                    # Just to check that vn is a valid version
+                    self.version_class(vn)
+                else:
+                    # Should parse as a version, so we can create an
+                    # instance for the comparison
+                    vn, prefix = self.version_class(s), False
+                clist.append((op, vn, prefix))
+        self._parts = tuple(clist)
+
+    def match(self, version):
+        """
+        Check if the provided version matches the constraints.
+
+        :param version: The version to match against this instance.
+        :type version: String or :class:`Version` instance.
+        """
+        if isinstance(version, string_types):
+            version = self.version_class(version)
+        for operator, constraint, prefix in self._parts:
+            f = self._operators.get(operator)
+            if isinstance(f, string_types):
+                f = getattr(self, f)
+            if not f:
+                msg = ('%r not implemented '
+                       'for %s' % (operator, self.__class__.__name__))
+                raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+            if not f(version, constraint, prefix):
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    @property
+    def exact_version(self):
+        result = None
+        if len(self._parts) == 1 and self._parts[0][0] in ('==', '==='):
+            result = self._parts[0][1]
+        return result
+
+    def _check_compatible(self, other):
+        if type(self) != type(other) or self.name != other.name:
+            raise TypeError('cannot compare %s and %s' % (self, other))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        self._check_compatible(other)
+        return self.key == other.key and self._parts == other._parts
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+    # See http://docs.python.org/reference/datamodel#object.__hash__
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.key) + hash(self._parts)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self._string)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self._string
+
+
+PEP440_VERSION_RE = re.compile(r'^v?(\d+!)?(\d+(\.\d+)*)((a|b|c|rc)(\d+))?'
+                               r'(\.(post)(\d+))?(\.(dev)(\d+))?'
+                               r'(\+([a-zA-Z\d]+(\.[a-zA-Z\d]+)?))?$')
+
+
+def _pep_440_key(s):
+    s = s.strip()
+    m = PEP440_VERSION_RE.match(s)
+    if not m:
+        raise UnsupportedVersionError('Not a valid version: %s' % s)
+    groups = m.groups()
+    nums = tuple(int(v) for v in groups[1].split('.'))
+    while len(nums) > 1 and nums[-1] == 0:
+        nums = nums[:-1]
+
+    if not groups[0]:
+        epoch = 0
+    else:
+        epoch = int(groups[0][:-1])
+    pre = groups[4:6]
+    post = groups[7:9]
+    dev = groups[10:12]
+    local = groups[13]
+    if pre == (None, None):
+        pre = ()
+    else:
+        pre = pre[0], int(pre[1])
+    if post == (None, None):
+        post = ()
+    else:
+        post = post[0], int(post[1])
+    if dev == (None, None):
+        dev = ()
+    else:
+        dev = dev[0], int(dev[1])
+    if local is None:
+        local = ()
+    else:
+        parts = []
+        for part in local.split('.'):
+            # to ensure that numeric compares as > lexicographic, avoid
+            # comparing them directly, but encode a tuple which ensures
+            # correct sorting
+            if part.isdigit():
+                part = (1, int(part))
+            else:
+                part = (0, part)
+            parts.append(part)
+        local = tuple(parts)
+    if not pre:
+        # either before pre-release, or final release and after
+        if not post and dev:
+            # before pre-release
+            pre = ('a', -1)     # to sort before a0
+        else:
+            pre = ('z',)        # to sort after all pre-releases
+    # now look at the state of post and dev.
+    if not post:
+        post = ('_',)   # sort before 'a'
+    if not dev:
+        dev = ('final',)
+
+    #print('%s -> %s' % (s, m.groups()))
+    return epoch, nums, pre, post, dev, local
+
+
+_normalized_key = _pep_440_key
+
+
+class NormalizedVersion(Version):
+    """A rational version.
+
+    Good:
+        1.2         # equivalent to "1.2.0"
+        1.2.0
+        1.2a1
+        1.2.3a2
+        1.2.3b1
+        1.2.3c1
+        1.2.3.4
+        TODO: fill this out
+
+    Bad:
+        1           # minimum two numbers
+        1.2a        # release level must have a release serial
+        1.2.3b
+    """
+    def parse(self, s):
+        result = _normalized_key(s)
+        # _normalized_key loses trailing zeroes in the release
+        # clause, since that's needed to ensure that X.Y == X.Y.0 == X.Y.0.0
+        # However, PEP 440 prefix matching needs it: for example,
+        # (~= 1.4.5.0) matches differently to (~= 1.4.5.0.0).
+        m = PEP440_VERSION_RE.match(s)      # must succeed
+        groups = m.groups()
+        self._release_clause = tuple(int(v) for v in groups[1].split('.'))
+        return result
+
+    PREREL_TAGS = set(['a', 'b', 'c', 'rc', 'dev'])
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self):
+        return any(t[0] in self.PREREL_TAGS for t in self._parts if t)
+
+
+def _match_prefix(x, y):
+    x = str(x)
+    y = str(y)
+    if x == y:
+        return True
+    if not x.startswith(y):
+        return False
+    n = len(y)
+    return x[n] == '.'
+
+
+class NormalizedMatcher(Matcher):
+    version_class = NormalizedVersion
+
+    # value is either a callable or the name of a method
+    _operators = {
+        '~=': '_match_compatible',
+        '<': '_match_lt',
+        '>': '_match_gt',
+        '<=': '_match_le',
+        '>=': '_match_ge',
+        '==': '_match_eq',
+        '===': '_match_arbitrary',
+        '!=': '_match_ne',
+    }
+
+    def _adjust_local(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        if prefix:
+            strip_local = '+' not in constraint and version._parts[-1]
+        else:
+            # both constraint and version are
+            # NormalizedVersion instances.
+            # If constraint does not have a local component,
+            # ensure the version doesn't, either.
+            strip_local = not constraint._parts[-1] and version._parts[-1]
+        if strip_local:
+            s = version._string.split('+', 1)[0]
+            version = self.version_class(s)
+        return version, constraint
+
+    def _match_lt(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        version, constraint = self._adjust_local(version, constraint, prefix)
+        if version >= constraint:
+            return False
+        release_clause = constraint._release_clause
+        pfx = '.'.join([str(i) for i in release_clause])
+        return not _match_prefix(version, pfx)
+
+    def _match_gt(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        version, constraint = self._adjust_local(version, constraint, prefix)
+        if version <= constraint:
+            return False
+        release_clause = constraint._release_clause
+        pfx = '.'.join([str(i) for i in release_clause])
+        return not _match_prefix(version, pfx)
+
+    def _match_le(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        version, constraint = self._adjust_local(version, constraint, prefix)
+        return version <= constraint
+
+    def _match_ge(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        version, constraint = self._adjust_local(version, constraint, prefix)
+        return version >= constraint
+
+    def _match_eq(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        version, constraint = self._adjust_local(version, constraint, prefix)
+        if not prefix:
+            result = (version == constraint)
+        else:
+            result = _match_prefix(version, constraint)
+        return result
+
+    def _match_arbitrary(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        return str(version) == str(constraint)
+
+    def _match_ne(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        version, constraint = self._adjust_local(version, constraint, prefix)
+        if not prefix:
+            result = (version != constraint)
+        else:
+            result = not _match_prefix(version, constraint)
+        return result
+
+    def _match_compatible(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        version, constraint = self._adjust_local(version, constraint, prefix)
+        if version == constraint:
+            return True
+        if version < constraint:
+            return False
+#        if not prefix:
+#            return True
+        release_clause = constraint._release_clause
+        if len(release_clause) > 1:
+            release_clause = release_clause[:-1]
+        pfx = '.'.join([str(i) for i in release_clause])
+        return _match_prefix(version, pfx)
+
+_REPLACEMENTS = (
+    (re.compile('[.+-]$'), ''),                     # remove trailing puncts
+    (re.compile(r'^[.](\d)'), r'0.\1'),             # .N -> 0.N at start
+    (re.compile('^[.-]'), ''),                      # remove leading puncts
+    (re.compile(r'^\((.*)\)$'), r'\1'),             # remove parentheses
+    (re.compile(r'^v(ersion)?\s*(\d+)'), r'\2'),    # remove leading v(ersion)
+    (re.compile(r'^r(ev)?\s*(\d+)'), r'\2'),        # remove leading v(ersion)
+    (re.compile('[.]{2,}'), '.'),                   # multiple runs of '.'
+    (re.compile(r'\b(alfa|apha)\b'), 'alpha'),      # misspelt alpha
+    (re.compile(r'\b(pre-alpha|prealpha)\b'),
+                'pre.alpha'),                       # standardise
+    (re.compile(r'\(beta\)$'), 'beta'),             # remove parentheses
+)
+
+_SUFFIX_REPLACEMENTS = (
+    (re.compile('^[:~._+-]+'), ''),                   # remove leading puncts
+    (re.compile('[,*")([\\]]'), ''),                  # remove unwanted chars
+    (re.compile('[~:+_ -]'), '.'),                    # replace illegal chars
+    (re.compile('[.]{2,}'), '.'),                   # multiple runs of '.'
+    (re.compile(r'\.$'), ''),                       # trailing '.'
+)
+
+_NUMERIC_PREFIX = re.compile(r'(\d+(\.\d+)*)')
+
+
+def _suggest_semantic_version(s):
+    """
+    Try to suggest a semantic form for a version for which
+    _suggest_normalized_version couldn't come up with anything.
+    """
+    result = s.strip().lower()
+    for pat, repl in _REPLACEMENTS:
+        result = pat.sub(repl, result)
+    if not result:
+        result = '0.0.0'
+
+    # Now look for numeric prefix, and separate it out from
+    # the rest.
+    #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+    m = _NUMERIC_PREFIX.match(result)
+    if not m:
+        prefix = '0.0.0'
+        suffix = result
+    else:
+        prefix = m.groups()[0].split('.')
+        prefix = [int(i) for i in prefix]
+        while len(prefix) < 3:
+            prefix.append(0)
+        if len(prefix) == 3:
+            suffix = result[m.end():]
+        else:
+            suffix = '.'.join([str(i) for i in prefix[3:]]) + result[m.end():]
+            prefix = prefix[:3]
+        prefix = '.'.join([str(i) for i in prefix])
+        suffix = suffix.strip()
+    if suffix:
+        #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+        # massage the suffix.
+        for pat, repl in _SUFFIX_REPLACEMENTS:
+            suffix = pat.sub(repl, suffix)
+
+    if not suffix:
+        result = prefix
+    else:
+        sep = '-' if 'dev' in suffix else '+'
+        result = prefix + sep + suffix
+    if not is_semver(result):
+        result = None
+    return result
+
+
+def _suggest_normalized_version(s):
+    """Suggest a normalized version close to the given version string.
+
+    If you have a version string that isn't rational (i.e. NormalizedVersion
+    doesn't like it) then you might be able to get an equivalent (or close)
+    rational version from this function.
+
+    This does a number of simple normalizations to the given string, based
+    on observation of versions currently in use on PyPI. Given a dump of
+    those version during PyCon 2009, 4287 of them:
+    - 2312 (53.93%) match NormalizedVersion without change
+      with the automatic suggestion
+    - 3474 (81.04%) match when using this suggestion method
+
+    @param s {str} An irrational version string.
+    @returns A rational version string, or None, if couldn't determine one.
+    """
+    try:
+        _normalized_key(s)
+        return s   # already rational
+    except UnsupportedVersionError:
+        pass
+
+    rs = s.lower()
+
+    # part of this could use maketrans
+    for orig, repl in (('-alpha', 'a'), ('-beta', 'b'), ('alpha', 'a'),
+                       ('beta', 'b'), ('rc', 'c'), ('-final', ''),
+                       ('-pre', 'c'),
+                       ('-release', ''), ('.release', ''), ('-stable', ''),
+                       ('+', '.'), ('_', '.'), (' ', ''), ('.final', ''),
+                       ('final', '')):
+        rs = rs.replace(orig, repl)
+
+    # if something ends with dev or pre, we add a 0
+    rs = re.sub(r"pre$", r"pre0", rs)
+    rs = re.sub(r"dev$", r"dev0", rs)
+
+    # if we have something like "b-2" or "a.2" at the end of the
+    # version, that is probably beta, alpha, etc
+    # let's remove the dash or dot
+    rs = re.sub(r"([abc]|rc)[\-\.](\d+)$", r"\1\2", rs)
+
+    # 1.0-dev-r371 -> 1.0.dev371
+    # 0.1-dev-r79 -> 0.1.dev79
+    rs = re.sub(r"[\-\.](dev)[\-\.]?r?(\d+)$", r".\1\2", rs)
+
+    # Clean: 2.0.a.3, 2.0.b1, 0.9.0~c1
+    rs = re.sub(r"[.~]?([abc])\.?", r"\1", rs)
+
+    # Clean: v0.3, v1.0
+    if rs.startswith('v'):
+        rs = rs[1:]
+
+    # Clean leading '0's on numbers.
+    #TODO: unintended side-effect on, e.g., "2003.05.09"
+    # PyPI stats: 77 (~2%) better
+    rs = re.sub(r"\b0+(\d+)(?!\d)", r"\1", rs)
+
+    # Clean a/b/c with no version. E.g. "1.0a" -> "1.0a0". Setuptools infers
+    # zero.
+    # PyPI stats: 245 (7.56%) better
+    rs = re.sub(r"(\d+[abc])$", r"\g<1>0", rs)
+
+    # the 'dev-rNNN' tag is a dev tag
+    rs = re.sub(r"\.?(dev-r|dev\.r)\.?(\d+)$", r".dev\2", rs)
+
+    # clean the - when used as a pre delimiter
+    rs = re.sub(r"-(a|b|c)(\d+)$", r"\1\2", rs)
+
+    # a terminal "dev" or "devel" can be changed into ".dev0"
+    rs = re.sub(r"[\.\-](dev|devel)$", r".dev0", rs)
+
+    # a terminal "dev" can be changed into ".dev0"
+    rs = re.sub(r"(?![\.\-])dev$", r".dev0", rs)
+
+    # a terminal "final" or "stable" can be removed
+    rs = re.sub(r"(final|stable)$", "", rs)
+
+    # The 'r' and the '-' tags are post release tags
+    #   0.4a1.r10       ->  0.4a1.post10
+    #   0.9.33-17222    ->  0.9.33.post17222
+    #   0.9.33-r17222   ->  0.9.33.post17222
+    rs = re.sub(r"\.?(r|-|-r)\.?(\d+)$", r".post\2", rs)
+
+    # Clean 'r' instead of 'dev' usage:
+    #   0.9.33+r17222   ->  0.9.33.dev17222
+    #   1.0dev123       ->  1.0.dev123
+    #   1.0.git123      ->  1.0.dev123
+    #   1.0.bzr123      ->  1.0.dev123
+    #   0.1a0dev.123    ->  0.1a0.dev123
+    # PyPI stats:  ~150 (~4%) better
+    rs = re.sub(r"\.?(dev|git|bzr)\.?(\d+)$", r".dev\2", rs)
+
+    # Clean '.pre' (normalized from '-pre' above) instead of 'c' usage:
+    #   0.2.pre1        ->  0.2c1
+    #   0.2-c1         ->  0.2c1
+    #   1.0preview123   ->  1.0c123
+    # PyPI stats: ~21 (0.62%) better
+    rs = re.sub(r"\.?(pre|preview|-c)(\d+)$", r"c\g<2>", rs)
+
+    # Tcl/Tk uses "px" for their post release markers
+    rs = re.sub(r"p(\d+)$", r".post\1", rs)
+
+    try:
+        _normalized_key(rs)
+    except UnsupportedVersionError:
+        rs = None
+    return rs
+
+#
+#   Legacy version processing (distribute-compatible)
+#
+
+_VERSION_PART = re.compile(r'([a-z]+|\d+|[\.-])', re.I)
+_VERSION_REPLACE = {
+    'pre': 'c',
+    'preview': 'c',
+    '-': 'final-',
+    'rc': 'c',
+    'dev': '@',
+    '': None,
+    '.': None,
+}
+
+
+def _legacy_key(s):
+    def get_parts(s):
+        result = []
+        for p in _VERSION_PART.split(s.lower()):
+            p = _VERSION_REPLACE.get(p, p)
+            if p:
+                if '0' <= p[:1] <= '9':
+                    p = p.zfill(8)
+                else:
+                    p = '*' + p
+                result.append(p)
+        result.append('*final')
+        return result
+
+    result = []
+    for p in get_parts(s):
+        if p.startswith('*'):
+            if p < '*final':
+                while result and result[-1] == '*final-':
+                    result.pop()
+            while result and result[-1] == '00000000':
+                result.pop()
+        result.append(p)
+    return tuple(result)
+
+
+class LegacyVersion(Version):
+    def parse(self, s):
+        return _legacy_key(s)
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self):
+        result = False
+        for x in self._parts:
+            if (isinstance(x, string_types) and x.startswith('*') and
+                x < '*final'):
+                result = True
+                break
+        return result
+
+
+class LegacyMatcher(Matcher):
+    version_class = LegacyVersion
+
+    _operators = dict(Matcher._operators)
+    _operators['~='] = '_match_compatible'
+
+    numeric_re = re.compile(r'^(\d+(\.\d+)*)')
+
+    def _match_compatible(self, version, constraint, prefix):
+        if version < constraint:
+            return False
+        m = self.numeric_re.match(str(constraint))
+        if not m:
+            logger.warning('Cannot compute compatible match for version %s '
+                           ' and constraint %s', version, constraint)
+            return True
+        s = m.groups()[0]
+        if '.' in s:
+            s = s.rsplit('.', 1)[0]
+        return _match_prefix(version, s)
+
+#
+#   Semantic versioning
+#
+
+_SEMVER_RE = re.compile(r'^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)'
+                        r'(-[a-z0-9]+(\.[a-z0-9-]+)*)?'
+                        r'(\+[a-z0-9]+(\.[a-z0-9-]+)*)?$', re.I)
+
+
+def is_semver(s):
+    return _SEMVER_RE.match(s)
+
+
+def _semantic_key(s):
+    def make_tuple(s, absent):
+        if s is None:
+            result = (absent,)
+        else:
+            parts = s[1:].split('.')
+            # We can't compare ints and strings on Python 3, so fudge it
+            # by zero-filling numeric values so simulate a numeric comparison
+            result = tuple([p.zfill(8) if p.isdigit() else p for p in parts])
+        return result
+
+    m = is_semver(s)
+    if not m:
+        raise UnsupportedVersionError(s)
+    groups = m.groups()
+    major, minor, patch = [int(i) for i in groups[:3]]
+    # choose the '|' and '*' so that versions sort correctly
+    pre, build = make_tuple(groups[3], '|'), make_tuple(groups[5], '*')
+    return (major, minor, patch), pre, build
+
+
+class SemanticVersion(Version):
+    def parse(self, s):
+        return _semantic_key(s)
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self):
+        return self._parts[1][0] != '|'
+
+
+class SemanticMatcher(Matcher):
+    version_class = SemanticVersion
+
+
+class VersionScheme(object):
+    def __init__(self, key, matcher, suggester=None):
+        self.key = key
+        self.matcher = matcher
+        self.suggester = suggester
+
+    def is_valid_version(self, s):
+        try:
+            self.matcher.version_class(s)
+            result = True
+        except UnsupportedVersionError:
+            result = False
+        return result
+
+    def is_valid_matcher(self, s):
+        try:
+            self.matcher(s)
+            result = True
+        except UnsupportedVersionError:
+            result = False
+        return result
+
+    def is_valid_constraint_list(self, s):
+        """
+        Used for processing some metadata fields
+        """
+        # See issue #140. Be tolerant of a single trailing comma.
+        if s.endswith(','):
+            s = s[:-1]
+        return self.is_valid_matcher('dummy_name (%s)' % s)
+
+    def suggest(self, s):
+        if self.suggester is None:
+            result = None
+        else:
+            result = self.suggester(s)
+        return result
+
+_SCHEMES = {
+    'normalized': VersionScheme(_normalized_key, NormalizedMatcher,
+                                _suggest_normalized_version),
+    'legacy': VersionScheme(_legacy_key, LegacyMatcher, lambda self, s: s),
+    'semantic': VersionScheme(_semantic_key, SemanticMatcher,
+                              _suggest_semantic_version),
+}
+
+_SCHEMES['default'] = _SCHEMES['normalized']
+
+
+def get_scheme(name):
+    if name not in _SCHEMES:
+        raise ValueError('unknown scheme name: %r' % name)
+    return _SCHEMES[name]
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/wheel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48abfde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1053 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2013-2020 Vinay Sajip.
+# Licensed to the Python Software Foundation under a contributor agreement.
+# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
+#
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import base64
+import codecs
+import datetime
+from email import message_from_file
+import hashlib
+import imp
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import posixpath
+import re
+import shutil
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import zipfile
+
+from . import __version__, DistlibException
+from .compat import sysconfig, ZipFile, fsdecode, text_type, filter
+from .database import InstalledDistribution
+from .metadata import (Metadata, METADATA_FILENAME, WHEEL_METADATA_FILENAME,
+                       LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME)
+from .util import (FileOperator, convert_path, CSVReader, CSVWriter, Cache,
+                   cached_property, get_cache_base, read_exports, tempdir,
+                   get_platform)
+from .version import NormalizedVersion, UnsupportedVersionError
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+cache = None    # created when needed
+
+if hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info'):  # pragma: no cover
+    IMP_PREFIX = 'pp'
+elif sys.platform.startswith('java'):  # pragma: no cover
+    IMP_PREFIX = 'jy'
+elif sys.platform == 'cli':  # pragma: no cover
+    IMP_PREFIX = 'ip'
+else:
+    IMP_PREFIX = 'cp'
+
+VER_SUFFIX = sysconfig.get_config_var('py_version_nodot')
+if not VER_SUFFIX:   # pragma: no cover
+    VER_SUFFIX = '%s%s' % sys.version_info[:2]
+PYVER = 'py' + VER_SUFFIX
+IMPVER = IMP_PREFIX + VER_SUFFIX
+
+ARCH = get_platform().replace('-', '_').replace('.', '_')
+
+ABI = sysconfig.get_config_var('SOABI')
+if ABI and ABI.startswith('cpython-'):
+    ABI = ABI.replace('cpython-', 'cp').split('-')[0]
+else:
+    def _derive_abi():
+        parts = ['cp', VER_SUFFIX]
+        if sysconfig.get_config_var('Py_DEBUG'):
+            parts.append('d')
+        if sysconfig.get_config_var('WITH_PYMALLOC'):
+            parts.append('m')
+        if sysconfig.get_config_var('Py_UNICODE_SIZE') == 4:
+            parts.append('u')
+        return ''.join(parts)
+    ABI = _derive_abi()
+    del _derive_abi
+
+FILENAME_RE = re.compile(r'''
+(?P<nm>[^-]+)
+-(?P<vn>\d+[^-]*)
+(-(?P<bn>\d+[^-]*))?
+-(?P<py>\w+\d+(\.\w+\d+)*)
+-(?P<bi>\w+)
+-(?P<ar>\w+(\.\w+)*)
+\.whl$
+''', re.IGNORECASE | re.VERBOSE)
+
+NAME_VERSION_RE = re.compile(r'''
+(?P<nm>[^-]+)
+-(?P<vn>\d+[^-]*)
+(-(?P<bn>\d+[^-]*))?$
+''', re.IGNORECASE | re.VERBOSE)
+
+SHEBANG_RE = re.compile(br'\s*#![^\r\n]*')
+SHEBANG_DETAIL_RE = re.compile(br'^(\s*#!("[^"]+"|\S+))\s+(.*)$')
+SHEBANG_PYTHON = b'#!python'
+SHEBANG_PYTHONW = b'#!pythonw'
+
+if os.sep == '/':
+    to_posix = lambda o: o
+else:
+    to_posix = lambda o: o.replace(os.sep, '/')
+
+
+class Mounter(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.impure_wheels = {}
+        self.libs = {}
+
+    def add(self, pathname, extensions):
+        self.impure_wheels[pathname] = extensions
+        self.libs.update(extensions)
+
+    def remove(self, pathname):
+        extensions = self.impure_wheels.pop(pathname)
+        for k, v in extensions:
+            if k in self.libs:
+                del self.libs[k]
+
+    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
+        if fullname in self.libs:
+            result = self
+        else:
+            result = None
+        return result
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        if fullname in sys.modules:
+            result = sys.modules[fullname]
+        else:
+            if fullname not in self.libs:
+                raise ImportError('unable to find extension for %s' % fullname)
+            result = imp.load_dynamic(fullname, self.libs[fullname])
+            result.__loader__ = self
+            parts = fullname.rsplit('.', 1)
+            if len(parts) > 1:
+                result.__package__ = parts[0]
+        return result
+
+_hook = Mounter()
+
+
+class Wheel(object):
+    """
+    Class to build and install from Wheel files (PEP 427).
+    """
+
+    wheel_version = (1, 1)
+    hash_kind = 'sha256'
+
+    def __init__(self, filename=None, sign=False, verify=False):
+        """
+        Initialise an instance using a (valid) filename.
+        """
+        self.sign = sign
+        self.should_verify = verify
+        self.buildver = ''
+        self.pyver = [PYVER]
+        self.abi = ['none']
+        self.arch = ['any']
+        self.dirname = os.getcwd()
+        if filename is None:
+            self.name = 'dummy'
+            self.version = '0.1'
+            self._filename = self.filename
+        else:
+            m = NAME_VERSION_RE.match(filename)
+            if m:
+                info = m.groupdict('')
+                self.name = info['nm']
+                # Reinstate the local version separator
+                self.version = info['vn'].replace('_', '-')
+                self.buildver = info['bn']
+                self._filename = self.filename
+            else:
+                dirname, filename = os.path.split(filename)
+                m = FILENAME_RE.match(filename)
+                if not m:
+                    raise DistlibException('Invalid name or '
+                                           'filename: %r' % filename)
+                if dirname:
+                    self.dirname = os.path.abspath(dirname)
+                self._filename = filename
+                info = m.groupdict('')
+                self.name = info['nm']
+                self.version = info['vn']
+                self.buildver = info['bn']
+                self.pyver = info['py'].split('.')
+                self.abi = info['bi'].split('.')
+                self.arch = info['ar'].split('.')
+
+    @property
+    def filename(self):
+        """
+        Build and return a filename from the various components.
+        """
+        if self.buildver:
+            buildver = '-' + self.buildver
+        else:
+            buildver = ''
+        pyver = '.'.join(self.pyver)
+        abi = '.'.join(self.abi)
+        arch = '.'.join(self.arch)
+        # replace - with _ as a local version separator
+        version = self.version.replace('-', '_')
+        return '%s-%s%s-%s-%s-%s.whl' % (self.name, version, buildver,
+                                         pyver, abi, arch)
+
+    @property
+    def exists(self):
+        path = os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename)
+        return os.path.isfile(path)
+
+    @property
+    def tags(self):
+        for pyver in self.pyver:
+            for abi in self.abi:
+                for arch in self.arch:
+                    yield pyver, abi, arch
+
+    @cached_property
+    def metadata(self):
+        pathname = os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename)
+        name_ver = '%s-%s' % (self.name, self.version)
+        info_dir = '%s.dist-info' % name_ver
+        wrapper = codecs.getreader('utf-8')
+        with ZipFile(pathname, 'r') as zf:
+            wheel_metadata = self.get_wheel_metadata(zf)
+            wv = wheel_metadata['Wheel-Version'].split('.', 1)
+            file_version = tuple([int(i) for i in wv])
+            # if file_version < (1, 1):
+                # fns = [WHEEL_METADATA_FILENAME, METADATA_FILENAME,
+                       # LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME]
+            # else:
+                # fns = [WHEEL_METADATA_FILENAME, METADATA_FILENAME]
+            fns = [WHEEL_METADATA_FILENAME, LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME]
+            result = None
+            for fn in fns:
+                try:
+                    metadata_filename = posixpath.join(info_dir, fn)
+                    with zf.open(metadata_filename) as bf:
+                        wf = wrapper(bf)
+                        result = Metadata(fileobj=wf)
+                        if result:
+                            break
+                except KeyError:
+                    pass
+            if not result:
+                raise ValueError('Invalid wheel, because metadata is '
+                                 'missing: looked in %s' % ', '.join(fns))
+        return result
+
+    def get_wheel_metadata(self, zf):
+        name_ver = '%s-%s' % (self.name, self.version)
+        info_dir = '%s.dist-info' % name_ver
+        metadata_filename = posixpath.join(info_dir, 'WHEEL')
+        with zf.open(metadata_filename) as bf:
+            wf = codecs.getreader('utf-8')(bf)
+            message = message_from_file(wf)
+        return dict(message)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def info(self):
+        pathname = os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename)
+        with ZipFile(pathname, 'r') as zf:
+            result = self.get_wheel_metadata(zf)
+        return result
+
+    def process_shebang(self, data):
+        m = SHEBANG_RE.match(data)
+        if m:
+            end = m.end()
+            shebang, data_after_shebang = data[:end], data[end:]
+            # Preserve any arguments after the interpreter
+            if b'pythonw' in shebang.lower():
+                shebang_python = SHEBANG_PYTHONW
+            else:
+                shebang_python = SHEBANG_PYTHON
+            m = SHEBANG_DETAIL_RE.match(shebang)
+            if m:
+                args = b' ' + m.groups()[-1]
+            else:
+                args = b''
+            shebang = shebang_python + args
+            data = shebang + data_after_shebang
+        else:
+            cr = data.find(b'\r')
+            lf = data.find(b'\n')
+            if cr < 0 or cr > lf:
+                term = b'\n'
+            else:
+                if data[cr:cr + 2] == b'\r\n':
+                    term = b'\r\n'
+                else:
+                    term = b'\r'
+            data = SHEBANG_PYTHON + term + data
+        return data
+
+    def get_hash(self, data, hash_kind=None):
+        if hash_kind is None:
+            hash_kind = self.hash_kind
+        try:
+            hasher = getattr(hashlib, hash_kind)
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise DistlibException('Unsupported hash algorithm: %r' % hash_kind)
+        result = hasher(data).digest()
+        result = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(result).rstrip(b'=').decode('ascii')
+        return hash_kind, result
+
+    def write_record(self, records, record_path, base):
+        records = list(records) # make a copy, as mutated
+        p = to_posix(os.path.relpath(record_path, base))
+        records.append((p, '', ''))
+        with CSVWriter(record_path) as writer:
+            for row in records:
+                writer.writerow(row)
+
+    def write_records(self, info, libdir, archive_paths):
+        records = []
+        distinfo, info_dir = info
+        hasher = getattr(hashlib, self.hash_kind)
+        for ap, p in archive_paths:
+            with open(p, 'rb') as f:
+                data = f.read()
+            digest = '%s=%s' % self.get_hash(data)
+            size = os.path.getsize(p)
+            records.append((ap, digest, size))
+
+        p = os.path.join(distinfo, 'RECORD')
+        self.write_record(records, p, libdir)
+        ap = to_posix(os.path.join(info_dir, 'RECORD'))
+        archive_paths.append((ap, p))
+
+    def build_zip(self, pathname, archive_paths):
+        with ZipFile(pathname, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:
+            for ap, p in archive_paths:
+                logger.debug('Wrote %s to %s in wheel', p, ap)
+                zf.write(p, ap)
+
+    def build(self, paths, tags=None, wheel_version=None):
+        """
+        Build a wheel from files in specified paths, and use any specified tags
+        when determining the name of the wheel.
+        """
+        if tags is None:
+            tags = {}
+
+        libkey = list(filter(lambda o: o in paths, ('purelib', 'platlib')))[0]
+        if libkey == 'platlib':
+            is_pure = 'false'
+            default_pyver = [IMPVER]
+            default_abi = [ABI]
+            default_arch = [ARCH]
+        else:
+            is_pure = 'true'
+            default_pyver = [PYVER]
+            default_abi = ['none']
+            default_arch = ['any']
+
+        self.pyver = tags.get('pyver', default_pyver)
+        self.abi = tags.get('abi', default_abi)
+        self.arch = tags.get('arch', default_arch)
+
+        libdir = paths[libkey]
+
+        name_ver = '%s-%s' % (self.name, self.version)
+        data_dir = '%s.data' % name_ver
+        info_dir = '%s.dist-info' % name_ver
+
+        archive_paths = []
+
+        # First, stuff which is not in site-packages
+        for key in ('data', 'headers', 'scripts'):
+            if key not in paths:
+                continue
+            path = paths[key]
+            if os.path.isdir(path):
+                for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
+                    for fn in files:
+                        p = fsdecode(os.path.join(root, fn))
+                        rp = os.path.relpath(p, path)
+                        ap = to_posix(os.path.join(data_dir, key, rp))
+                        archive_paths.append((ap, p))
+                        if key == 'scripts' and not p.endswith('.exe'):
+                            with open(p, 'rb') as f:
+                                data = f.read()
+                            data = self.process_shebang(data)
+                            with open(p, 'wb') as f:
+                                f.write(data)
+
+        # Now, stuff which is in site-packages, other than the
+        # distinfo stuff.
+        path = libdir
+        distinfo = None
+        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
+            if root == path:
+                # At the top level only, save distinfo for later
+                # and skip it for now
+                for i, dn in enumerate(dirs):
+                    dn = fsdecode(dn)
+                    if dn.endswith('.dist-info'):
+                        distinfo = os.path.join(root, dn)
+                        del dirs[i]
+                        break
+                assert distinfo, '.dist-info directory expected, not found'
+
+            for fn in files:
+                # comment out next suite to leave .pyc files in
+                if fsdecode(fn).endswith(('.pyc', '.pyo')):
+                    continue
+                p = os.path.join(root, fn)
+                rp = to_posix(os.path.relpath(p, path))
+                archive_paths.append((rp, p))
+
+        # Now distinfo. Assumed to be flat, i.e. os.listdir is enough.
+        files = os.listdir(distinfo)
+        for fn in files:
+            if fn not in ('RECORD', 'INSTALLER', 'SHARED', 'WHEEL'):
+                p = fsdecode(os.path.join(distinfo, fn))
+                ap = to_posix(os.path.join(info_dir, fn))
+                archive_paths.append((ap, p))
+
+        wheel_metadata = [
+            'Wheel-Version: %d.%d' % (wheel_version or self.wheel_version),
+            'Generator: distlib %s' % __version__,
+            'Root-Is-Purelib: %s' % is_pure,
+        ]
+        for pyver, abi, arch in self.tags:
+            wheel_metadata.append('Tag: %s-%s-%s' % (pyver, abi, arch))
+        p = os.path.join(distinfo, 'WHEEL')
+        with open(p, 'w') as f:
+            f.write('\n'.join(wheel_metadata))
+        ap = to_posix(os.path.join(info_dir, 'WHEEL'))
+        archive_paths.append((ap, p))
+
+        # sort the entries by archive path. Not needed by any spec, but it
+        # keeps the archive listing and RECORD tidier than they would otherwise
+        # be. Use the number of path segments to keep directory entries together,
+        # and keep the dist-info stuff at the end.
+        def sorter(t):
+            ap = t[0]
+            n = ap.count('/')
+            if '.dist-info' in ap:
+                n += 10000
+            return (n, ap)
+        archive_paths = sorted(archive_paths, key=sorter)
+
+        # Now, at last, RECORD.
+        # Paths in here are archive paths - nothing else makes sense.
+        self.write_records((distinfo, info_dir), libdir, archive_paths)
+        # Now, ready to build the zip file
+        pathname = os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename)
+        self.build_zip(pathname, archive_paths)
+        return pathname
+
+    def skip_entry(self, arcname):
+        """
+        Determine whether an archive entry should be skipped when verifying
+        or installing.
+        """
+        # The signature file won't be in RECORD,
+        # and we  don't currently don't do anything with it
+        # We also skip directories, as they won't be in RECORD
+        # either. See:
+        #
+        # https://github.com/pypa/wheel/issues/294
+        # https://github.com/pypa/wheel/issues/287
+        # https://github.com/pypa/wheel/pull/289
+        #
+        return arcname.endswith(('/', '/RECORD.jws'))
+
+    def install(self, paths, maker, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Install a wheel to the specified paths. If kwarg ``warner`` is
+        specified, it should be a callable, which will be called with two
+        tuples indicating the wheel version of this software and the wheel
+        version in the file, if there is a discrepancy in the versions.
+        This can be used to issue any warnings to raise any exceptions.
+        If kwarg ``lib_only`` is True, only the purelib/platlib files are
+        installed, and the headers, scripts, data and dist-info metadata are
+        not written. If kwarg ``bytecode_hashed_invalidation`` is True, written
+        bytecode will try to use file-hash based invalidation (PEP-552) on
+        supported interpreter versions (CPython 2.7+).
+
+        The return value is a :class:`InstalledDistribution` instance unless
+        ``options.lib_only`` is True, in which case the return value is ``None``.
+        """
+
+        dry_run = maker.dry_run
+        warner = kwargs.get('warner')
+        lib_only = kwargs.get('lib_only', False)
+        bc_hashed_invalidation = kwargs.get('bytecode_hashed_invalidation', False)
+
+        pathname = os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename)
+        name_ver = '%s-%s' % (self.name, self.version)
+        data_dir = '%s.data' % name_ver
+        info_dir = '%s.dist-info' % name_ver
+
+        metadata_name = posixpath.join(info_dir, LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME)
+        wheel_metadata_name = posixpath.join(info_dir, 'WHEEL')
+        record_name = posixpath.join(info_dir, 'RECORD')
+
+        wrapper = codecs.getreader('utf-8')
+
+        with ZipFile(pathname, 'r') as zf:
+            with zf.open(wheel_metadata_name) as bwf:
+                wf = wrapper(bwf)
+                message = message_from_file(wf)
+            wv = message['Wheel-Version'].split('.', 1)
+            file_version = tuple([int(i) for i in wv])
+            if (file_version != self.wheel_version) and warner:
+                warner(self.wheel_version, file_version)
+
+            if message['Root-Is-Purelib'] == 'true':
+                libdir = paths['purelib']
+            else:
+                libdir = paths['platlib']
+
+            records = {}
+            with zf.open(record_name) as bf:
+                with CSVReader(stream=bf) as reader:
+                    for row in reader:
+                        p = row[0]
+                        records[p] = row
+
+            data_pfx = posixpath.join(data_dir, '')
+            info_pfx = posixpath.join(info_dir, '')
+            script_pfx = posixpath.join(data_dir, 'scripts', '')
+
+            # make a new instance rather than a copy of maker's,
+            # as we mutate it
+            fileop = FileOperator(dry_run=dry_run)
+            fileop.record = True    # so we can rollback if needed
+
+            bc = not sys.dont_write_bytecode    # Double negatives. Lovely!
+
+            outfiles = []   # for RECORD writing
+
+            # for script copying/shebang processing
+            workdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+            # set target dir later
+            # we default add_launchers to False, as the
+            # Python Launcher should be used instead
+            maker.source_dir = workdir
+            maker.target_dir = None
+            try:
+                for zinfo in zf.infolist():
+                    arcname = zinfo.filename
+                    if isinstance(arcname, text_type):
+                        u_arcname = arcname
+                    else:
+                        u_arcname = arcname.decode('utf-8')
+                    if self.skip_entry(u_arcname):
+                        continue
+                    row = records[u_arcname]
+                    if row[2] and str(zinfo.file_size) != row[2]:
+                        raise DistlibException('size mismatch for '
+                                               '%s' % u_arcname)
+                    if row[1]:
+                        kind, value = row[1].split('=', 1)
+                        with zf.open(arcname) as bf:
+                            data = bf.read()
+                        _, digest = self.get_hash(data, kind)
+                        if digest != value:
+                            raise DistlibException('digest mismatch for '
+                                                   '%s' % arcname)
+
+                    if lib_only and u_arcname.startswith((info_pfx, data_pfx)):
+                        logger.debug('lib_only: skipping %s', u_arcname)
+                        continue
+                    is_script = (u_arcname.startswith(script_pfx)
+                                 and not u_arcname.endswith('.exe'))
+
+                    if u_arcname.startswith(data_pfx):
+                        _, where, rp = u_arcname.split('/', 2)
+                        outfile = os.path.join(paths[where], convert_path(rp))
+                    else:
+                        # meant for site-packages.
+                        if u_arcname in (wheel_metadata_name, record_name):
+                            continue
+                        outfile = os.path.join(libdir, convert_path(u_arcname))
+                    if not is_script:
+                        with zf.open(arcname) as bf:
+                            fileop.copy_stream(bf, outfile)
+                        # Issue #147: permission bits aren't preserved. Using
+                        # zf.extract(zinfo, libdir) should have worked, but didn't,
+                        # see https://www.thetopsites.net/article/53834422.shtml
+                        # So ... manually preserve permission bits as given in zinfo
+                        if os.name == 'posix':
+                            # just set the normal permission bits
+                            os.chmod(outfile, (zinfo.external_attr >> 16) & 0x1FF)
+                        outfiles.append(outfile)
+                        # Double check the digest of the written file
+                        if not dry_run and row[1]:
+                            with open(outfile, 'rb') as bf:
+                                data = bf.read()
+                                _, newdigest = self.get_hash(data, kind)
+                                if newdigest != digest:
+                                    raise DistlibException('digest mismatch '
+                                                           'on write for '
+                                                           '%s' % outfile)
+                        if bc and outfile.endswith('.py'):
+                            try:
+                                pyc = fileop.byte_compile(outfile,
+                                                          hashed_invalidation=bc_hashed_invalidation)
+                                outfiles.append(pyc)
+                            except Exception:
+                                # Don't give up if byte-compilation fails,
+                                # but log it and perhaps warn the user
+                                logger.warning('Byte-compilation failed',
+                                               exc_info=True)
+                    else:
+                        fn = os.path.basename(convert_path(arcname))
+                        workname = os.path.join(workdir, fn)
+                        with zf.open(arcname) as bf:
+                            fileop.copy_stream(bf, workname)
+
+                        dn, fn = os.path.split(outfile)
+                        maker.target_dir = dn
+                        filenames = maker.make(fn)
+                        fileop.set_executable_mode(filenames)
+                        outfiles.extend(filenames)
+
+                if lib_only:
+                    logger.debug('lib_only: returning None')
+                    dist = None
+                else:
+                    # Generate scripts
+
+                    # Try to get pydist.json so we can see if there are
+                    # any commands to generate. If this fails (e.g. because
+                    # of a legacy wheel), log a warning but don't give up.
+                    commands = None
+                    file_version = self.info['Wheel-Version']
+                    if file_version == '1.0':
+                        # Use legacy info
+                        ep = posixpath.join(info_dir, 'entry_points.txt')
+                        try:
+                            with zf.open(ep) as bwf:
+                                epdata = read_exports(bwf)
+                            commands = {}
+                            for key in ('console', 'gui'):
+                                k = '%s_scripts' % key
+                                if k in epdata:
+                                    commands['wrap_%s' % key] = d = {}
+                                    for v in epdata[k].values():
+                                        s = '%s:%s' % (v.prefix, v.suffix)
+                                        if v.flags:
+                                            s += ' [%s]' % ','.join(v.flags)
+                                        d[v.name] = s
+                        except Exception:
+                            logger.warning('Unable to read legacy script '
+                                           'metadata, so cannot generate '
+                                           'scripts')
+                    else:
+                        try:
+                            with zf.open(metadata_name) as bwf:
+                                wf = wrapper(bwf)
+                                commands = json.load(wf).get('extensions')
+                                if commands:
+                                    commands = commands.get('python.commands')
+                        except Exception:
+                            logger.warning('Unable to read JSON metadata, so '
+                                           'cannot generate scripts')
+                    if commands:
+                        console_scripts = commands.get('wrap_console', {})
+                        gui_scripts = commands.get('wrap_gui', {})
+                        if console_scripts or gui_scripts:
+                            script_dir = paths.get('scripts', '')
+                            if not os.path.isdir(script_dir):
+                                raise ValueError('Valid script path not '
+                                                 'specified')
+                            maker.target_dir = script_dir
+                            for k, v in console_scripts.items():
+                                script = '%s = %s' % (k, v)
+                                filenames = maker.make(script)
+                                fileop.set_executable_mode(filenames)
+
+                            if gui_scripts:
+                                options = {'gui': True }
+                                for k, v in gui_scripts.items():
+                                    script = '%s = %s' % (k, v)
+                                    filenames = maker.make(script, options)
+                                    fileop.set_executable_mode(filenames)
+
+                    p = os.path.join(libdir, info_dir)
+                    dist = InstalledDistribution(p)
+
+                    # Write SHARED
+                    paths = dict(paths)     # don't change passed in dict
+                    del paths['purelib']
+                    del paths['platlib']
+                    paths['lib'] = libdir
+                    p = dist.write_shared_locations(paths, dry_run)
+                    if p:
+                        outfiles.append(p)
+
+                    # Write RECORD
+                    dist.write_installed_files(outfiles, paths['prefix'],
+                                               dry_run)
+                return dist
+            except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+                logger.exception('installation failed.')
+                fileop.rollback()
+                raise
+            finally:
+                shutil.rmtree(workdir)
+
+    def _get_dylib_cache(self):
+        global cache
+        if cache is None:
+            # Use native string to avoid issues on 2.x: see Python #20140.
+            base = os.path.join(get_cache_base(), str('dylib-cache'),
+                                '%s.%s' % sys.version_info[:2])
+            cache = Cache(base)
+        return cache
+
+    def _get_extensions(self):
+        pathname = os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename)
+        name_ver = '%s-%s' % (self.name, self.version)
+        info_dir = '%s.dist-info' % name_ver
+        arcname = posixpath.join(info_dir, 'EXTENSIONS')
+        wrapper = codecs.getreader('utf-8')
+        result = []
+        with ZipFile(pathname, 'r') as zf:
+            try:
+                with zf.open(arcname) as bf:
+                    wf = wrapper(bf)
+                    extensions = json.load(wf)
+                    cache = self._get_dylib_cache()
+                    prefix = cache.prefix_to_dir(pathname)
+                    cache_base = os.path.join(cache.base, prefix)
+                    if not os.path.isdir(cache_base):
+                        os.makedirs(cache_base)
+                    for name, relpath in extensions.items():
+                        dest = os.path.join(cache_base, convert_path(relpath))
+                        if not os.path.exists(dest):
+                            extract = True
+                        else:
+                            file_time = os.stat(dest).st_mtime
+                            file_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(file_time)
+                            info = zf.getinfo(relpath)
+                            wheel_time = datetime.datetime(*info.date_time)
+                            extract = wheel_time > file_time
+                        if extract:
+                            zf.extract(relpath, cache_base)
+                        result.append((name, dest))
+            except KeyError:
+                pass
+        return result
+
+    def is_compatible(self):
+        """
+        Determine if a wheel is compatible with the running system.
+        """
+        return is_compatible(self)
+
+    def is_mountable(self):
+        """
+        Determine if a wheel is asserted as mountable by its metadata.
+        """
+        return True # for now - metadata details TBD
+
+    def mount(self, append=False):
+        pathname = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename))
+        if not self.is_compatible():
+            msg = 'Wheel %s not compatible with this Python.' % pathname
+            raise DistlibException(msg)
+        if not self.is_mountable():
+            msg = 'Wheel %s is marked as not mountable.' % pathname
+            raise DistlibException(msg)
+        if pathname in sys.path:
+            logger.debug('%s already in path', pathname)
+        else:
+            if append:
+                sys.path.append(pathname)
+            else:
+                sys.path.insert(0, pathname)
+            extensions = self._get_extensions()
+            if extensions:
+                if _hook not in sys.meta_path:
+                    sys.meta_path.append(_hook)
+                _hook.add(pathname, extensions)
+
+    def unmount(self):
+        pathname = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename))
+        if pathname not in sys.path:
+            logger.debug('%s not in path', pathname)
+        else:
+            sys.path.remove(pathname)
+            if pathname in _hook.impure_wheels:
+                _hook.remove(pathname)
+            if not _hook.impure_wheels:
+                if _hook in sys.meta_path:
+                    sys.meta_path.remove(_hook)
+
+    def verify(self):
+        pathname = os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename)
+        name_ver = '%s-%s' % (self.name, self.version)
+        data_dir = '%s.data' % name_ver
+        info_dir = '%s.dist-info' % name_ver
+
+        metadata_name = posixpath.join(info_dir, LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME)
+        wheel_metadata_name = posixpath.join(info_dir, 'WHEEL')
+        record_name = posixpath.join(info_dir, 'RECORD')
+
+        wrapper = codecs.getreader('utf-8')
+
+        with ZipFile(pathname, 'r') as zf:
+            with zf.open(wheel_metadata_name) as bwf:
+                wf = wrapper(bwf)
+                message = message_from_file(wf)
+            wv = message['Wheel-Version'].split('.', 1)
+            file_version = tuple([int(i) for i in wv])
+            # TODO version verification
+
+            records = {}
+            with zf.open(record_name) as bf:
+                with CSVReader(stream=bf) as reader:
+                    for row in reader:
+                        p = row[0]
+                        records[p] = row
+
+            for zinfo in zf.infolist():
+                arcname = zinfo.filename
+                if isinstance(arcname, text_type):
+                    u_arcname = arcname
+                else:
+                    u_arcname = arcname.decode('utf-8')
+                # See issue #115: some wheels have .. in their entries, but
+                # in the filename ... e.g. __main__..py ! So the check is
+                # updated to look for .. in the directory portions
+                p = u_arcname.split('/')
+                if '..' in p:
+                    raise DistlibException('invalid entry in '
+                                           'wheel: %r' % u_arcname)
+
+                if self.skip_entry(u_arcname):
+                    continue
+                row = records[u_arcname]
+                if row[2] and str(zinfo.file_size) != row[2]:
+                    raise DistlibException('size mismatch for '
+                                           '%s' % u_arcname)
+                if row[1]:
+                    kind, value = row[1].split('=', 1)
+                    with zf.open(arcname) as bf:
+                        data = bf.read()
+                    _, digest = self.get_hash(data, kind)
+                    if digest != value:
+                        raise DistlibException('digest mismatch for '
+                                               '%s' % arcname)
+
+    def update(self, modifier, dest_dir=None, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Update the contents of a wheel in a generic way. The modifier should
+        be a callable which expects a dictionary argument: its keys are
+        archive-entry paths, and its values are absolute filesystem paths
+        where the contents the corresponding archive entries can be found. The
+        modifier is free to change the contents of the files pointed to, add
+        new entries and remove entries, before returning. This method will
+        extract the entire contents of the wheel to a temporary location, call
+        the modifier, and then use the passed (and possibly updated)
+        dictionary to write a new wheel. If ``dest_dir`` is specified, the new
+        wheel is written there -- otherwise, the original wheel is overwritten.
+
+        The modifier should return True if it updated the wheel, else False.
+        This method returns the same value the modifier returns.
+        """
+
+        def get_version(path_map, info_dir):
+            version = path = None
+            key = '%s/%s' % (info_dir, LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME)
+            if key not in path_map:
+                key = '%s/PKG-INFO' % info_dir
+            if key in path_map:
+                path = path_map[key]
+                version = Metadata(path=path).version
+            return version, path
+
+        def update_version(version, path):
+            updated = None
+            try:
+                v = NormalizedVersion(version)
+                i = version.find('-')
+                if i < 0:
+                    updated = '%s+1' % version
+                else:
+                    parts = [int(s) for s in version[i + 1:].split('.')]
+                    parts[-1] += 1
+                    updated = '%s+%s' % (version[:i],
+                                         '.'.join(str(i) for i in parts))
+            except UnsupportedVersionError:
+                logger.debug('Cannot update non-compliant (PEP-440) '
+                             'version %r', version)
+            if updated:
+                md = Metadata(path=path)
+                md.version = updated
+                legacy = path.endswith(LEGACY_METADATA_FILENAME)
+                md.write(path=path, legacy=legacy)
+                logger.debug('Version updated from %r to %r', version,
+                             updated)
+
+        pathname = os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename)
+        name_ver = '%s-%s' % (self.name, self.version)
+        info_dir = '%s.dist-info' % name_ver
+        record_name = posixpath.join(info_dir, 'RECORD')
+        with tempdir() as workdir:
+            with ZipFile(pathname, 'r') as zf:
+                path_map = {}
+                for zinfo in zf.infolist():
+                    arcname = zinfo.filename
+                    if isinstance(arcname, text_type):
+                        u_arcname = arcname
+                    else:
+                        u_arcname = arcname.decode('utf-8')
+                    if u_arcname == record_name:
+                        continue
+                    if '..' in u_arcname:
+                        raise DistlibException('invalid entry in '
+                                               'wheel: %r' % u_arcname)
+                    zf.extract(zinfo, workdir)
+                    path = os.path.join(workdir, convert_path(u_arcname))
+                    path_map[u_arcname] = path
+
+            # Remember the version.
+            original_version, _ = get_version(path_map, info_dir)
+            # Files extracted. Call the modifier.
+            modified = modifier(path_map, **kwargs)
+            if modified:
+                # Something changed - need to build a new wheel.
+                current_version, path = get_version(path_map, info_dir)
+                if current_version and (current_version == original_version):
+                    # Add or update local version to signify changes.
+                    update_version(current_version, path)
+                # Decide where the new wheel goes.
+                if dest_dir is None:
+                    fd, newpath = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix='.whl',
+                                                   prefix='wheel-update-',
+                                                   dir=workdir)
+                    os.close(fd)
+                else:
+                    if not os.path.isdir(dest_dir):
+                        raise DistlibException('Not a directory: %r' % dest_dir)
+                    newpath = os.path.join(dest_dir, self.filename)
+                archive_paths = list(path_map.items())
+                distinfo = os.path.join(workdir, info_dir)
+                info = distinfo, info_dir
+                self.write_records(info, workdir, archive_paths)
+                self.build_zip(newpath, archive_paths)
+                if dest_dir is None:
+                    shutil.copyfile(newpath, pathname)
+        return modified
+
+def _get_glibc_version():
+    import platform
+    ver = platform.libc_ver()
+    result = []
+    if ver[0] == 'glibc':
+        for s in ver[1].split('.'):
+            result.append(int(s) if s.isdigit() else 0)
+        result = tuple(result)
+    return result
+
+def compatible_tags():
+    """
+    Return (pyver, abi, arch) tuples compatible with this Python.
+    """
+    versions = [VER_SUFFIX]
+    major = VER_SUFFIX[0]
+    for minor in range(sys.version_info[1] - 1, - 1, -1):
+        versions.append(''.join([major, str(minor)]))
+
+    abis = []
+    for suffix, _, _ in imp.get_suffixes():
+        if suffix.startswith('.abi'):
+            abis.append(suffix.split('.', 2)[1])
+    abis.sort()
+    if ABI != 'none':
+        abis.insert(0, ABI)
+    abis.append('none')
+    result = []
+
+    arches = [ARCH]
+    if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+        m = re.match(r'(\w+)_(\d+)_(\d+)_(\w+)$', ARCH)
+        if m:
+            name, major, minor, arch = m.groups()
+            minor = int(minor)
+            matches = [arch]
+            if arch in ('i386', 'ppc'):
+                matches.append('fat')
+            if arch in ('i386', 'ppc', 'x86_64'):
+                matches.append('fat3')
+            if arch in ('ppc64', 'x86_64'):
+                matches.append('fat64')
+            if arch in ('i386', 'x86_64'):
+                matches.append('intel')
+            if arch in ('i386', 'x86_64', 'intel', 'ppc', 'ppc64'):
+                matches.append('universal')
+            while minor >= 0:
+                for match in matches:
+                    s = '%s_%s_%s_%s' % (name, major, minor, match)
+                    if s != ARCH:   # already there
+                        arches.append(s)
+                minor -= 1
+
+    # Most specific - our Python version, ABI and arch
+    for abi in abis:
+        for arch in arches:
+            result.append((''.join((IMP_PREFIX, versions[0])), abi, arch))
+            # manylinux
+            if abi != 'none' and sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
+                arch = arch.replace('linux_', '')
+                parts = _get_glibc_version()
+                if len(parts) == 2:
+                    if parts >= (2, 5):
+                        result.append((''.join((IMP_PREFIX, versions[0])), abi,
+                                       'manylinux1_%s' % arch))
+                    if parts >= (2, 12):
+                        result.append((''.join((IMP_PREFIX, versions[0])), abi,
+                                       'manylinux2010_%s' % arch))
+                    if parts >= (2, 17):
+                        result.append((''.join((IMP_PREFIX, versions[0])), abi,
+                                       'manylinux2014_%s' % arch))
+                    result.append((''.join((IMP_PREFIX, versions[0])), abi,
+                                   'manylinux_%s_%s_%s' % (parts[0], parts[1],
+                                                           arch)))
+
+    # where no ABI / arch dependency, but IMP_PREFIX dependency
+    for i, version in enumerate(versions):
+        result.append((''.join((IMP_PREFIX, version)), 'none', 'any'))
+        if i == 0:
+            result.append((''.join((IMP_PREFIX, version[0])), 'none', 'any'))
+
+    # no IMP_PREFIX, ABI or arch dependency
+    for i, version in enumerate(versions):
+        result.append((''.join(('py', version)), 'none', 'any'))
+        if i == 0:
+            result.append((''.join(('py', version[0])), 'none', 'any'))
+
+    return set(result)
+
+
+COMPATIBLE_TAGS = compatible_tags()
+
+del compatible_tags
+
+
+def is_compatible(wheel, tags=None):
+    if not isinstance(wheel, Wheel):
+        wheel = Wheel(wheel)    # assume it's a filename
+    result = False
+    if tags is None:
+        tags = COMPATIBLE_TAGS
+    for ver, abi, arch in tags:
+        if ver in wheel.pyver and abi in wheel.abi and arch in wheel.arch:
+            result = True
+            break
+    return result
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7892741
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1386 @@
+# Copyright 2015,2016,2017 Nir Cohen
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+The ``distro`` package (``distro`` stands for Linux Distribution) provides
+information about the Linux distribution it runs on, such as a reliable
+machine-readable distro ID, or version information.
+
+It is the recommended replacement for Python's original
+:py:func:`platform.linux_distribution` function, but it provides much more
+functionality. An alternative implementation became necessary because Python
+3.5 deprecated this function, and Python 3.8 removed it altogether. Its
+predecessor function :py:func:`platform.dist` was already deprecated since
+Python 2.6 and removed in Python 3.8. Still, there are many cases in which
+access to OS distribution information is needed. See `Python issue 1322
+<https://bugs.python.org/issue1322>`_ for more information.
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import shlex
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+__version__ = "1.6.0"
+
+# Use `if False` to avoid an ImportError on Python 2. After dropping Python 2
+# support, can use typing.TYPE_CHECKING instead. See:
+# https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.TYPE_CHECKING
+if False:  # pragma: nocover
+    from typing import (
+        Any,
+        Callable,
+        Dict,
+        Iterable,
+        Optional,
+        Sequence,
+        TextIO,
+        Tuple,
+        Type,
+        TypedDict,
+        Union,
+    )
+
+    VersionDict = TypedDict(
+        "VersionDict", {"major": str, "minor": str, "build_number": str}
+    )
+    InfoDict = TypedDict(
+        "InfoDict",
+        {
+            "id": str,
+            "version": str,
+            "version_parts": VersionDict,
+            "like": str,
+            "codename": str,
+        },
+    )
+
+
+_UNIXCONFDIR = os.environ.get("UNIXCONFDIR", "/etc")
+_UNIXUSRLIBDIR = os.environ.get("UNIXUSRLIBDIR", "/usr/lib")
+_OS_RELEASE_BASENAME = "os-release"
+
+#: Translation table for normalizing the "ID" attribute defined in os-release
+#: files, for use by the :func:`distro.id` method.
+#:
+#: * Key: Value as defined in the os-release file, translated to lower case,
+#:   with blanks translated to underscores.
+#:
+#: * Value: Normalized value.
+NORMALIZED_OS_ID = {
+    "ol": "oracle",  # Oracle Linux
+}
+
+#: Translation table for normalizing the "Distributor ID" attribute returned by
+#: the lsb_release command, for use by the :func:`distro.id` method.
+#:
+#: * Key: Value as returned by the lsb_release command, translated to lower
+#:   case, with blanks translated to underscores.
+#:
+#: * Value: Normalized value.
+NORMALIZED_LSB_ID = {
+    "enterpriseenterpriseas": "oracle",  # Oracle Enterprise Linux 4
+    "enterpriseenterpriseserver": "oracle",  # Oracle Linux 5
+    "redhatenterpriseworkstation": "rhel",  # RHEL 6, 7 Workstation
+    "redhatenterpriseserver": "rhel",  # RHEL 6, 7 Server
+    "redhatenterprisecomputenode": "rhel",  # RHEL 6 ComputeNode
+}
+
+#: Translation table for normalizing the distro ID derived from the file name
+#: of distro release files, for use by the :func:`distro.id` method.
+#:
+#: * Key: Value as derived from the file name of a distro release file,
+#:   translated to lower case, with blanks translated to underscores.
+#:
+#: * Value: Normalized value.
+NORMALIZED_DISTRO_ID = {
+    "redhat": "rhel",  # RHEL 6.x, 7.x
+}
+
+# Pattern for content of distro release file (reversed)
+_DISTRO_RELEASE_CONTENT_REVERSED_PATTERN = re.compile(
+    r"(?:[^)]*\)(.*)\()? *(?:STL )?([\d.+\-a-z]*\d) *(?:esaeler *)?(.+)"
+)
+
+# Pattern for base file name of distro release file
+_DISTRO_RELEASE_BASENAME_PATTERN = re.compile(r"(\w+)[-_](release|version)$")
+
+# Base file names to be ignored when searching for distro release file
+_DISTRO_RELEASE_IGNORE_BASENAMES = (
+    "debian_version",
+    "lsb-release",
+    "oem-release",
+    _OS_RELEASE_BASENAME,
+    "system-release",
+    "plesk-release",
+    "iredmail-release",
+)
+
+
+def linux_distribution(full_distribution_name=True):
+    # type: (bool) -> Tuple[str, str, str]
+    """
+    .. deprecated:: 1.6.0
+
+        :func:`distro.linux_distribution()` is deprecated. It should only be
+        used as a compatibility shim with Python's
+        :py:func:`platform.linux_distribution()`. Please use :func:`distro.id`,
+        :func:`distro.version` and :func:`distro.name` instead.
+
+    Return information about the current OS distribution as a tuple
+    ``(id_name, version, codename)`` with items as follows:
+
+    * ``id_name``:  If *full_distribution_name* is false, the result of
+      :func:`distro.id`. Otherwise, the result of :func:`distro.name`.
+
+    * ``version``:  The result of :func:`distro.version`.
+
+    * ``codename``:  The result of :func:`distro.codename`.
+
+    The interface of this function is compatible with the original
+    :py:func:`platform.linux_distribution` function, supporting a subset of
+    its parameters.
+
+    The data it returns may not exactly be the same, because it uses more data
+    sources than the original function, and that may lead to different data if
+    the OS distribution is not consistent across multiple data sources it
+    provides (there are indeed such distributions ...).
+
+    Another reason for differences is the fact that the :func:`distro.id`
+    method normalizes the distro ID string to a reliable machine-readable value
+    for a number of popular OS distributions.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "distro.linux_distribution() is deprecated. It should only be used as a "
+        "compatibility shim with Python's platform.linux_distribution(). Please use "
+        "distro.id(), distro.version() and distro.name() instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return _distro.linux_distribution(full_distribution_name)
+
+
+def id():
+    # type: () -> str
+    """
+    Return the distro ID of the current distribution, as a
+    machine-readable string.
+
+    For a number of OS distributions, the returned distro ID value is
+    *reliable*, in the sense that it is documented and that it does not change
+    across releases of the distribution.
+
+    This package maintains the following reliable distro ID values:
+
+    ==============  =========================================
+    Distro ID       Distribution
+    ==============  =========================================
+    "ubuntu"        Ubuntu
+    "debian"        Debian
+    "rhel"          RedHat Enterprise Linux
+    "centos"        CentOS
+    "fedora"        Fedora
+    "sles"          SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
+    "opensuse"      openSUSE
+    "amazon"        Amazon Linux
+    "arch"          Arch Linux
+    "cloudlinux"    CloudLinux OS
+    "exherbo"       Exherbo Linux
+    "gentoo"        GenToo Linux
+    "ibm_powerkvm"  IBM PowerKVM
+    "kvmibm"        KVM for IBM z Systems
+    "linuxmint"     Linux Mint
+    "mageia"        Mageia
+    "mandriva"      Mandriva Linux
+    "parallels"     Parallels
+    "pidora"        Pidora
+    "raspbian"      Raspbian
+    "oracle"        Oracle Linux (and Oracle Enterprise Linux)
+    "scientific"    Scientific Linux
+    "slackware"     Slackware
+    "xenserver"     XenServer
+    "openbsd"       OpenBSD
+    "netbsd"        NetBSD
+    "freebsd"       FreeBSD
+    "midnightbsd"   MidnightBSD
+    ==============  =========================================
+
+    If you have a need to get distros for reliable IDs added into this set,
+    or if you find that the :func:`distro.id` function returns a different
+    distro ID for one of the listed distros, please create an issue in the
+    `distro issue tracker`_.
+
+    **Lookup hierarchy and transformations:**
+
+    First, the ID is obtained from the following sources, in the specified
+    order. The first available and non-empty value is used:
+
+    * the value of the "ID" attribute of the os-release file,
+
+    * the value of the "Distributor ID" attribute returned by the lsb_release
+      command,
+
+    * the first part of the file name of the distro release file,
+
+    The so determined ID value then passes the following transformations,
+    before it is returned by this method:
+
+    * it is translated to lower case,
+
+    * blanks (which should not be there anyway) are translated to underscores,
+
+    * a normalization of the ID is performed, based upon
+      `normalization tables`_. The purpose of this normalization is to ensure
+      that the ID is as reliable as possible, even across incompatible changes
+      in the OS distributions. A common reason for an incompatible change is
+      the addition of an os-release file, or the addition of the lsb_release
+      command, with ID values that differ from what was previously determined
+      from the distro release file name.
+    """
+    return _distro.id()
+
+
+def name(pretty=False):
+    # type: (bool) -> str
+    """
+    Return the name of the current OS distribution, as a human-readable
+    string.
+
+    If *pretty* is false, the name is returned without version or codename.
+    (e.g. "CentOS Linux")
+
+    If *pretty* is true, the version and codename are appended.
+    (e.g. "CentOS Linux 7.1.1503 (Core)")
+
+    **Lookup hierarchy:**
+
+    The name is obtained from the following sources, in the specified order.
+    The first available and non-empty value is used:
+
+    * If *pretty* is false:
+
+      - the value of the "NAME" attribute of the os-release file,
+
+      - the value of the "Distributor ID" attribute returned by the lsb_release
+        command,
+
+      - the value of the "<name>" field of the distro release file.
+
+    * If *pretty* is true:
+
+      - the value of the "PRETTY_NAME" attribute of the os-release file,
+
+      - the value of the "Description" attribute returned by the lsb_release
+        command,
+
+      - the value of the "<name>" field of the distro release file, appended
+        with the value of the pretty version ("<version_id>" and "<codename>"
+        fields) of the distro release file, if available.
+    """
+    return _distro.name(pretty)
+
+
+def version(pretty=False, best=False):
+    # type: (bool, bool) -> str
+    """
+    Return the version of the current OS distribution, as a human-readable
+    string.
+
+    If *pretty* is false, the version is returned without codename (e.g.
+    "7.0").
+
+    If *pretty* is true, the codename in parenthesis is appended, if the
+    codename is non-empty (e.g. "7.0 (Maipo)").
+
+    Some distributions provide version numbers with different precisions in
+    the different sources of distribution information. Examining the different
+    sources in a fixed priority order does not always yield the most precise
+    version (e.g. for Debian 8.2, or CentOS 7.1).
+
+    The *best* parameter can be used to control the approach for the returned
+    version:
+
+    If *best* is false, the first non-empty version number in priority order of
+    the examined sources is returned.
+
+    If *best* is true, the most precise version number out of all examined
+    sources is returned.
+
+    **Lookup hierarchy:**
+
+    In all cases, the version number is obtained from the following sources.
+    If *best* is false, this order represents the priority order:
+
+    * the value of the "VERSION_ID" attribute of the os-release file,
+    * the value of the "Release" attribute returned by the lsb_release
+      command,
+    * the version number parsed from the "<version_id>" field of the first line
+      of the distro release file,
+    * the version number parsed from the "PRETTY_NAME" attribute of the
+      os-release file, if it follows the format of the distro release files.
+    * the version number parsed from the "Description" attribute returned by
+      the lsb_release command, if it follows the format of the distro release
+      files.
+    """
+    return _distro.version(pretty, best)
+
+
+def version_parts(best=False):
+    # type: (bool) -> Tuple[str, str, str]
+    """
+    Return the version of the current OS distribution as a tuple
+    ``(major, minor, build_number)`` with items as follows:
+
+    * ``major``:  The result of :func:`distro.major_version`.
+
+    * ``minor``:  The result of :func:`distro.minor_version`.
+
+    * ``build_number``:  The result of :func:`distro.build_number`.
+
+    For a description of the *best* parameter, see the :func:`distro.version`
+    method.
+    """
+    return _distro.version_parts(best)
+
+
+def major_version(best=False):
+    # type: (bool) -> str
+    """
+    Return the major version of the current OS distribution, as a string,
+    if provided.
+    Otherwise, the empty string is returned. The major version is the first
+    part of the dot-separated version string.
+
+    For a description of the *best* parameter, see the :func:`distro.version`
+    method.
+    """
+    return _distro.major_version(best)
+
+
+def minor_version(best=False):
+    # type: (bool) -> str
+    """
+    Return the minor version of the current OS distribution, as a string,
+    if provided.
+    Otherwise, the empty string is returned. The minor version is the second
+    part of the dot-separated version string.
+
+    For a description of the *best* parameter, see the :func:`distro.version`
+    method.
+    """
+    return _distro.minor_version(best)
+
+
+def build_number(best=False):
+    # type: (bool) -> str
+    """
+    Return the build number of the current OS distribution, as a string,
+    if provided.
+    Otherwise, the empty string is returned. The build number is the third part
+    of the dot-separated version string.
+
+    For a description of the *best* parameter, see the :func:`distro.version`
+    method.
+    """
+    return _distro.build_number(best)
+
+
+def like():
+    # type: () -> str
+    """
+    Return a space-separated list of distro IDs of distributions that are
+    closely related to the current OS distribution in regards to packaging
+    and programming interfaces, for example distributions the current
+    distribution is a derivative from.
+
+    **Lookup hierarchy:**
+
+    This information item is only provided by the os-release file.
+    For details, see the description of the "ID_LIKE" attribute in the
+    `os-release man page
+    <http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/os-release.html>`_.
+    """
+    return _distro.like()
+
+
+def codename():
+    # type: () -> str
+    """
+    Return the codename for the release of the current OS distribution,
+    as a string.
+
+    If the distribution does not have a codename, an empty string is returned.
+
+    Note that the returned codename is not always really a codename. For
+    example, openSUSE returns "x86_64". This function does not handle such
+    cases in any special way and just returns the string it finds, if any.
+
+    **Lookup hierarchy:**
+
+    * the codename within the "VERSION" attribute of the os-release file, if
+      provided,
+
+    * the value of the "Codename" attribute returned by the lsb_release
+      command,
+
+    * the value of the "<codename>" field of the distro release file.
+    """
+    return _distro.codename()
+
+
+def info(pretty=False, best=False):
+    # type: (bool, bool) -> InfoDict
+    """
+    Return certain machine-readable information items about the current OS
+    distribution in a dictionary, as shown in the following example:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: python
+
+        {
+            'id': 'rhel',
+            'version': '7.0',
+            'version_parts': {
+                'major': '7',
+                'minor': '0',
+                'build_number': ''
+            },
+            'like': 'fedora',
+            'codename': 'Maipo'
+        }
+
+    The dictionary structure and keys are always the same, regardless of which
+    information items are available in the underlying data sources. The values
+    for the various keys are as follows:
+
+    * ``id``:  The result of :func:`distro.id`.
+
+    * ``version``:  The result of :func:`distro.version`.
+
+    * ``version_parts -> major``:  The result of :func:`distro.major_version`.
+
+    * ``version_parts -> minor``:  The result of :func:`distro.minor_version`.
+
+    * ``version_parts -> build_number``:  The result of
+      :func:`distro.build_number`.
+
+    * ``like``:  The result of :func:`distro.like`.
+
+    * ``codename``:  The result of :func:`distro.codename`.
+
+    For a description of the *pretty* and *best* parameters, see the
+    :func:`distro.version` method.
+    """
+    return _distro.info(pretty, best)
+
+
+def os_release_info():
+    # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+    """
+    Return a dictionary containing key-value pairs for the information items
+    from the os-release file data source of the current OS distribution.
+
+    See `os-release file`_ for details about these information items.
+    """
+    return _distro.os_release_info()
+
+
+def lsb_release_info():
+    # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+    """
+    Return a dictionary containing key-value pairs for the information items
+    from the lsb_release command data source of the current OS distribution.
+
+    See `lsb_release command output`_ for details about these information
+    items.
+    """
+    return _distro.lsb_release_info()
+
+
+def distro_release_info():
+    # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+    """
+    Return a dictionary containing key-value pairs for the information items
+    from the distro release file data source of the current OS distribution.
+
+    See `distro release file`_ for details about these information items.
+    """
+    return _distro.distro_release_info()
+
+
+def uname_info():
+    # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+    """
+    Return a dictionary containing key-value pairs for the information items
+    from the distro release file data source of the current OS distribution.
+    """
+    return _distro.uname_info()
+
+
+def os_release_attr(attribute):
+    # type: (str) -> str
+    """
+    Return a single named information item from the os-release file data source
+    of the current OS distribution.
+
+    Parameters:
+
+    * ``attribute`` (string): Key of the information item.
+
+    Returns:
+
+    * (string): Value of the information item, if the item exists.
+      The empty string, if the item does not exist.
+
+    See `os-release file`_ for details about these information items.
+    """
+    return _distro.os_release_attr(attribute)
+
+
+def lsb_release_attr(attribute):
+    # type: (str) -> str
+    """
+    Return a single named information item from the lsb_release command output
+    data source of the current OS distribution.
+
+    Parameters:
+
+    * ``attribute`` (string): Key of the information item.
+
+    Returns:
+
+    * (string): Value of the information item, if the item exists.
+      The empty string, if the item does not exist.
+
+    See `lsb_release command output`_ for details about these information
+    items.
+    """
+    return _distro.lsb_release_attr(attribute)
+
+
+def distro_release_attr(attribute):
+    # type: (str) -> str
+    """
+    Return a single named information item from the distro release file
+    data source of the current OS distribution.
+
+    Parameters:
+
+    * ``attribute`` (string): Key of the information item.
+
+    Returns:
+
+    * (string): Value of the information item, if the item exists.
+      The empty string, if the item does not exist.
+
+    See `distro release file`_ for details about these information items.
+    """
+    return _distro.distro_release_attr(attribute)
+
+
+def uname_attr(attribute):
+    # type: (str) -> str
+    """
+    Return a single named information item from the distro release file
+    data source of the current OS distribution.
+
+    Parameters:
+
+    * ``attribute`` (string): Key of the information item.
+
+    Returns:
+
+    * (string): Value of the information item, if the item exists.
+                The empty string, if the item does not exist.
+    """
+    return _distro.uname_attr(attribute)
+
+
+try:
+    from functools import cached_property
+except ImportError:
+    # Python < 3.8
+    class cached_property(object):  # type: ignore
+        """A version of @property which caches the value.  On access, it calls the
+        underlying function and sets the value in `__dict__` so future accesses
+        will not re-call the property.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self, f):
+            # type: (Callable[[Any], Any]) -> None
+            self._fname = f.__name__
+            self._f = f
+
+        def __get__(self, obj, owner):
+            # type: (Any, Type[Any]) -> Any
+            assert obj is not None, "call {} on an instance".format(self._fname)
+            ret = obj.__dict__[self._fname] = self._f(obj)
+            return ret
+
+
+class LinuxDistribution(object):
+    """
+    Provides information about a OS distribution.
+
+    This package creates a private module-global instance of this class with
+    default initialization arguments, that is used by the
+    `consolidated accessor functions`_ and `single source accessor functions`_.
+    By using default initialization arguments, that module-global instance
+    returns data about the current OS distribution (i.e. the distro this
+    package runs on).
+
+    Normally, it is not necessary to create additional instances of this class.
+    However, in situations where control is needed over the exact data sources
+    that are used, instances of this class can be created with a specific
+    distro release file, or a specific os-release file, or without invoking the
+    lsb_release command.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        include_lsb=True,
+        os_release_file="",
+        distro_release_file="",
+        include_uname=True,
+        root_dir=None,
+    ):
+        # type: (bool, str, str, bool, Optional[str]) -> None
+        """
+        The initialization method of this class gathers information from the
+        available data sources, and stores that in private instance attributes.
+        Subsequent access to the information items uses these private instance
+        attributes, so that the data sources are read only once.
+
+        Parameters:
+
+        * ``include_lsb`` (bool): Controls whether the
+          `lsb_release command output`_ is included as a data source.
+
+          If the lsb_release command is not available in the program execution
+          path, the data source for the lsb_release command will be empty.
+
+        * ``os_release_file`` (string): The path name of the
+          `os-release file`_ that is to be used as a data source.
+
+          An empty string (the default) will cause the default path name to
+          be used (see `os-release file`_ for details).
+
+          If the specified or defaulted os-release file does not exist, the
+          data source for the os-release file will be empty.
+
+        * ``distro_release_file`` (string): The path name of the
+          `distro release file`_ that is to be used as a data source.
+
+          An empty string (the default) will cause a default search algorithm
+          to be used (see `distro release file`_ for details).
+
+          If the specified distro release file does not exist, or if no default
+          distro release file can be found, the data source for the distro
+          release file will be empty.
+
+        * ``include_uname`` (bool): Controls whether uname command output is
+          included as a data source. If the uname command is not available in
+          the program execution path the data source for the uname command will
+          be empty.
+
+        * ``root_dir`` (string): The absolute path to the root directory to use
+          to find distro-related information files.
+
+        Public instance attributes:
+
+        * ``os_release_file`` (string): The path name of the
+          `os-release file`_ that is actually used as a data source. The
+          empty string if no distro release file is used as a data source.
+
+        * ``distro_release_file`` (string): The path name of the
+          `distro release file`_ that is actually used as a data source. The
+          empty string if no distro release file is used as a data source.
+
+        * ``include_lsb`` (bool): The result of the ``include_lsb`` parameter.
+          This controls whether the lsb information will be loaded.
+
+        * ``include_uname`` (bool): The result of the ``include_uname``
+          parameter. This controls whether the uname information will
+          be loaded.
+
+        Raises:
+
+        * :py:exc:`IOError`: Some I/O issue with an os-release file or distro
+          release file.
+
+        * :py:exc:`subprocess.CalledProcessError`: The lsb_release command had
+          some issue (other than not being available in the program execution
+          path).
+
+        * :py:exc:`UnicodeError`: A data source has unexpected characters or
+          uses an unexpected encoding.
+        """
+        self.root_dir = root_dir
+        self.etc_dir = os.path.join(root_dir, "etc") if root_dir else _UNIXCONFDIR
+        self.usr_lib_dir = (
+            os.path.join(root_dir, "usr/lib") if root_dir else _UNIXUSRLIBDIR
+        )
+
+        if os_release_file:
+            self.os_release_file = os_release_file
+        else:
+            etc_dir_os_release_file = os.path.join(self.etc_dir, _OS_RELEASE_BASENAME)
+            usr_lib_os_release_file = os.path.join(
+                self.usr_lib_dir, _OS_RELEASE_BASENAME
+            )
+
+            # NOTE: The idea is to respect order **and** have it set
+            #       at all times for API backwards compatibility.
+            if os.path.isfile(etc_dir_os_release_file) or not os.path.isfile(
+                usr_lib_os_release_file
+            ):
+                self.os_release_file = etc_dir_os_release_file
+            else:
+                self.os_release_file = usr_lib_os_release_file
+
+        self.distro_release_file = distro_release_file or ""  # updated later
+        self.include_lsb = include_lsb
+        self.include_uname = include_uname
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        # type: () -> str
+        """Return repr of all info"""
+        return (
+            "LinuxDistribution("
+            "os_release_file={self.os_release_file!r}, "
+            "distro_release_file={self.distro_release_file!r}, "
+            "include_lsb={self.include_lsb!r}, "
+            "include_uname={self.include_uname!r}, "
+            "_os_release_info={self._os_release_info!r}, "
+            "_lsb_release_info={self._lsb_release_info!r}, "
+            "_distro_release_info={self._distro_release_info!r}, "
+            "_uname_info={self._uname_info!r})".format(self=self)
+        )
+
+    def linux_distribution(self, full_distribution_name=True):
+        # type: (bool) -> Tuple[str, str, str]
+        """
+        Return information about the OS distribution that is compatible
+        with Python's :func:`platform.linux_distribution`, supporting a subset
+        of its parameters.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.linux_distribution`.
+        """
+        return (
+            self.name() if full_distribution_name else self.id(),
+            self.version(),
+            self.codename(),
+        )
+
+    def id(self):
+        # type: () -> str
+        """Return the distro ID of the OS distribution, as a string.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.id`.
+        """
+
+        def normalize(distro_id, table):
+            # type: (str, Dict[str, str]) -> str
+            distro_id = distro_id.lower().replace(" ", "_")
+            return table.get(distro_id, distro_id)
+
+        distro_id = self.os_release_attr("id")
+        if distro_id:
+            return normalize(distro_id, NORMALIZED_OS_ID)
+
+        distro_id = self.lsb_release_attr("distributor_id")
+        if distro_id:
+            return normalize(distro_id, NORMALIZED_LSB_ID)
+
+        distro_id = self.distro_release_attr("id")
+        if distro_id:
+            return normalize(distro_id, NORMALIZED_DISTRO_ID)
+
+        distro_id = self.uname_attr("id")
+        if distro_id:
+            return normalize(distro_id, NORMALIZED_DISTRO_ID)
+
+        return ""
+
+    def name(self, pretty=False):
+        # type: (bool) -> str
+        """
+        Return the name of the OS distribution, as a string.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.name`.
+        """
+        name = (
+            self.os_release_attr("name")
+            or self.lsb_release_attr("distributor_id")
+            or self.distro_release_attr("name")
+            or self.uname_attr("name")
+        )
+        if pretty:
+            name = self.os_release_attr("pretty_name") or self.lsb_release_attr(
+                "description"
+            )
+            if not name:
+                name = self.distro_release_attr("name") or self.uname_attr("name")
+                version = self.version(pretty=True)
+                if version:
+                    name = name + " " + version
+        return name or ""
+
+    def version(self, pretty=False, best=False):
+        # type: (bool, bool) -> str
+        """
+        Return the version of the OS distribution, as a string.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.version`.
+        """
+        versions = [
+            self.os_release_attr("version_id"),
+            self.lsb_release_attr("release"),
+            self.distro_release_attr("version_id"),
+            self._parse_distro_release_content(self.os_release_attr("pretty_name")).get(
+                "version_id", ""
+            ),
+            self._parse_distro_release_content(
+                self.lsb_release_attr("description")
+            ).get("version_id", ""),
+            self.uname_attr("release"),
+        ]
+        version = ""
+        if best:
+            # This algorithm uses the last version in priority order that has
+            # the best precision. If the versions are not in conflict, that
+            # does not matter; otherwise, using the last one instead of the
+            # first one might be considered a surprise.
+            for v in versions:
+                if v.count(".") > version.count(".") or version == "":
+                    version = v
+        else:
+            for v in versions:
+                if v != "":
+                    version = v
+                    break
+        if pretty and version and self.codename():
+            version = "{0} ({1})".format(version, self.codename())
+        return version
+
+    def version_parts(self, best=False):
+        # type: (bool) -> Tuple[str, str, str]
+        """
+        Return the version of the OS distribution, as a tuple of version
+        numbers.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.version_parts`.
+        """
+        version_str = self.version(best=best)
+        if version_str:
+            version_regex = re.compile(r"(\d+)\.?(\d+)?\.?(\d+)?")
+            matches = version_regex.match(version_str)
+            if matches:
+                major, minor, build_number = matches.groups()
+                return major, minor or "", build_number or ""
+        return "", "", ""
+
+    def major_version(self, best=False):
+        # type: (bool) -> str
+        """
+        Return the major version number of the current distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.major_version`.
+        """
+        return self.version_parts(best)[0]
+
+    def minor_version(self, best=False):
+        # type: (bool) -> str
+        """
+        Return the minor version number of the current distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.minor_version`.
+        """
+        return self.version_parts(best)[1]
+
+    def build_number(self, best=False):
+        # type: (bool) -> str
+        """
+        Return the build number of the current distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.build_number`.
+        """
+        return self.version_parts(best)[2]
+
+    def like(self):
+        # type: () -> str
+        """
+        Return the IDs of distributions that are like the OS distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.like`.
+        """
+        return self.os_release_attr("id_like") or ""
+
+    def codename(self):
+        # type: () -> str
+        """
+        Return the codename of the OS distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.codename`.
+        """
+        try:
+            # Handle os_release specially since distros might purposefully set
+            # this to empty string to have no codename
+            return self._os_release_info["codename"]
+        except KeyError:
+            return (
+                self.lsb_release_attr("codename")
+                or self.distro_release_attr("codename")
+                or ""
+            )
+
+    def info(self, pretty=False, best=False):
+        # type: (bool, bool) -> InfoDict
+        """
+        Return certain machine-readable information about the OS
+        distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.info`.
+        """
+        return dict(
+            id=self.id(),
+            version=self.version(pretty, best),
+            version_parts=dict(
+                major=self.major_version(best),
+                minor=self.minor_version(best),
+                build_number=self.build_number(best),
+            ),
+            like=self.like(),
+            codename=self.codename(),
+        )
+
+    def os_release_info(self):
+        # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Return a dictionary containing key-value pairs for the information
+        items from the os-release file data source of the OS distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.os_release_info`.
+        """
+        return self._os_release_info
+
+    def lsb_release_info(self):
+        # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Return a dictionary containing key-value pairs for the information
+        items from the lsb_release command data source of the OS
+        distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.lsb_release_info`.
+        """
+        return self._lsb_release_info
+
+    def distro_release_info(self):
+        # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Return a dictionary containing key-value pairs for the information
+        items from the distro release file data source of the OS
+        distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.distro_release_info`.
+        """
+        return self._distro_release_info
+
+    def uname_info(self):
+        # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Return a dictionary containing key-value pairs for the information
+        items from the uname command data source of the OS distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.uname_info`.
+        """
+        return self._uname_info
+
+    def os_release_attr(self, attribute):
+        # type: (str) -> str
+        """
+        Return a single named information item from the os-release file data
+        source of the OS distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.os_release_attr`.
+        """
+        return self._os_release_info.get(attribute, "")
+
+    def lsb_release_attr(self, attribute):
+        # type: (str) -> str
+        """
+        Return a single named information item from the lsb_release command
+        output data source of the OS distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.lsb_release_attr`.
+        """
+        return self._lsb_release_info.get(attribute, "")
+
+    def distro_release_attr(self, attribute):
+        # type: (str) -> str
+        """
+        Return a single named information item from the distro release file
+        data source of the OS distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.distro_release_attr`.
+        """
+        return self._distro_release_info.get(attribute, "")
+
+    def uname_attr(self, attribute):
+        # type: (str) -> str
+        """
+        Return a single named information item from the uname command
+        output data source of the OS distribution.
+
+        For details, see :func:`distro.uname_attr`.
+        """
+        return self._uname_info.get(attribute, "")
+
+    @cached_property
+    def _os_release_info(self):
+        # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Get the information items from the specified os-release file.
+
+        Returns:
+            A dictionary containing all information items.
+        """
+        if os.path.isfile(self.os_release_file):
+            with open(self.os_release_file) as release_file:
+                return self._parse_os_release_content(release_file)
+        return {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _parse_os_release_content(lines):
+        # type: (TextIO) -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Parse the lines of an os-release file.
+
+        Parameters:
+
+        * lines: Iterable through the lines in the os-release file.
+                 Each line must be a unicode string or a UTF-8 encoded byte
+                 string.
+
+        Returns:
+            A dictionary containing all information items.
+        """
+        props = {}
+        lexer = shlex.shlex(lines, posix=True)
+        lexer.whitespace_split = True
+
+        # The shlex module defines its `wordchars` variable using literals,
+        # making it dependent on the encoding of the Python source file.
+        # In Python 2.6 and 2.7, the shlex source file is encoded in
+        # 'iso-8859-1', and the `wordchars` variable is defined as a byte
+        # string. This causes a UnicodeDecodeError to be raised when the
+        # parsed content is a unicode object. The following fix resolves that
+        # (... but it should be fixed in shlex...):
+        if sys.version_info[0] == 2 and isinstance(lexer.wordchars, bytes):
+            lexer.wordchars = lexer.wordchars.decode("iso-8859-1")
+
+        tokens = list(lexer)
+        for token in tokens:
+            # At this point, all shell-like parsing has been done (i.e.
+            # comments processed, quotes and backslash escape sequences
+            # processed, multi-line values assembled, trailing newlines
+            # stripped, etc.), so the tokens are now either:
+            # * variable assignments: var=value
+            # * commands or their arguments (not allowed in os-release)
+            if "=" in token:
+                k, v = token.split("=", 1)
+                props[k.lower()] = v
+            else:
+                # Ignore any tokens that are not variable assignments
+                pass
+
+        if "version_codename" in props:
+            # os-release added a version_codename field.  Use that in
+            # preference to anything else Note that some distros purposefully
+            # do not have code names.  They should be setting
+            # version_codename=""
+            props["codename"] = props["version_codename"]
+        elif "ubuntu_codename" in props:
+            # Same as above but a non-standard field name used on older Ubuntus
+            props["codename"] = props["ubuntu_codename"]
+        elif "version" in props:
+            # If there is no version_codename, parse it from the version
+            match = re.search(r"(\(\D+\))|,(\s+)?\D+", props["version"])
+            if match:
+                codename = match.group()
+                codename = codename.strip("()")
+                codename = codename.strip(",")
+                codename = codename.strip()
+                # codename appears within paranthese.
+                props["codename"] = codename
+
+        return props
+
+    @cached_property
+    def _lsb_release_info(self):
+        # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Get the information items from the lsb_release command output.
+
+        Returns:
+            A dictionary containing all information items.
+        """
+        if not self.include_lsb:
+            return {}
+        with open(os.devnull, "wb") as devnull:
+            try:
+                cmd = ("lsb_release", "-a")
+                stdout = subprocess.check_output(cmd, stderr=devnull)
+            # Command not found or lsb_release returned error
+            except (OSError, subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+                return {}
+        content = self._to_str(stdout).splitlines()
+        return self._parse_lsb_release_content(content)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _parse_lsb_release_content(lines):
+        # type: (Iterable[str]) -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Parse the output of the lsb_release command.
+
+        Parameters:
+
+        * lines: Iterable through the lines of the lsb_release output.
+                 Each line must be a unicode string or a UTF-8 encoded byte
+                 string.
+
+        Returns:
+            A dictionary containing all information items.
+        """
+        props = {}
+        for line in lines:
+            kv = line.strip("\n").split(":", 1)
+            if len(kv) != 2:
+                # Ignore lines without colon.
+                continue
+            k, v = kv
+            props.update({k.replace(" ", "_").lower(): v.strip()})
+        return props
+
+    @cached_property
+    def _uname_info(self):
+        # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+        with open(os.devnull, "wb") as devnull:
+            try:
+                cmd = ("uname", "-rs")
+                stdout = subprocess.check_output(cmd, stderr=devnull)
+            except OSError:
+                return {}
+        content = self._to_str(stdout).splitlines()
+        return self._parse_uname_content(content)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _parse_uname_content(lines):
+        # type: (Sequence[str]) -> Dict[str, str]
+        props = {}
+        match = re.search(r"^([^\s]+)\s+([\d\.]+)", lines[0].strip())
+        if match:
+            name, version = match.groups()
+
+            # This is to prevent the Linux kernel version from
+            # appearing as the 'best' version on otherwise
+            # identifiable distributions.
+            if name == "Linux":
+                return {}
+            props["id"] = name.lower()
+            props["name"] = name
+            props["release"] = version
+        return props
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _to_str(text):
+        # type: (Union[bytes, str]) -> str
+        encoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+        encoding = "utf-8" if encoding == "ascii" else encoding
+
+        if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+            if isinstance(text, bytes):
+                return text.decode(encoding)
+        else:
+            if isinstance(text, unicode):  # noqa
+                return text.encode(encoding)
+
+        return text
+
+    @cached_property
+    def _distro_release_info(self):
+        # type: () -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Get the information items from the specified distro release file.
+
+        Returns:
+            A dictionary containing all information items.
+        """
+        if self.distro_release_file:
+            # If it was specified, we use it and parse what we can, even if
+            # its file name or content does not match the expected pattern.
+            distro_info = self._parse_distro_release_file(self.distro_release_file)
+            basename = os.path.basename(self.distro_release_file)
+            # The file name pattern for user-specified distro release files
+            # is somewhat more tolerant (compared to when searching for the
+            # file), because we want to use what was specified as best as
+            # possible.
+            match = _DISTRO_RELEASE_BASENAME_PATTERN.match(basename)
+            if "name" in distro_info and "cloudlinux" in distro_info["name"].lower():
+                distro_info["id"] = "cloudlinux"
+            elif match:
+                distro_info["id"] = match.group(1)
+            return distro_info
+        else:
+            try:
+                basenames = os.listdir(self.etc_dir)
+                # We sort for repeatability in cases where there are multiple
+                # distro specific files; e.g. CentOS, Oracle, Enterprise all
+                # containing `redhat-release` on top of their own.
+                basenames.sort()
+            except OSError:
+                # This may occur when /etc is not readable but we can't be
+                # sure about the *-release files. Check common entries of
+                # /etc for information. If they turn out to not be there the
+                # error is handled in `_parse_distro_release_file()`.
+                basenames = [
+                    "SuSE-release",
+                    "arch-release",
+                    "base-release",
+                    "centos-release",
+                    "fedora-release",
+                    "gentoo-release",
+                    "mageia-release",
+                    "mandrake-release",
+                    "mandriva-release",
+                    "mandrivalinux-release",
+                    "manjaro-release",
+                    "oracle-release",
+                    "redhat-release",
+                    "sl-release",
+                    "slackware-version",
+                ]
+            for basename in basenames:
+                if basename in _DISTRO_RELEASE_IGNORE_BASENAMES:
+                    continue
+                match = _DISTRO_RELEASE_BASENAME_PATTERN.match(basename)
+                if match:
+                    filepath = os.path.join(self.etc_dir, basename)
+                    distro_info = self._parse_distro_release_file(filepath)
+                    if "name" in distro_info:
+                        # The name is always present if the pattern matches
+                        self.distro_release_file = filepath
+                        distro_info["id"] = match.group(1)
+                        if "cloudlinux" in distro_info["name"].lower():
+                            distro_info["id"] = "cloudlinux"
+                        return distro_info
+            return {}
+
+    def _parse_distro_release_file(self, filepath):
+        # type: (str) -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Parse a distro release file.
+
+        Parameters:
+
+        * filepath: Path name of the distro release file.
+
+        Returns:
+            A dictionary containing all information items.
+        """
+        try:
+            with open(filepath) as fp:
+                # Only parse the first line. For instance, on SLES there
+                # are multiple lines. We don't want them...
+                return self._parse_distro_release_content(fp.readline())
+        except (OSError, IOError):
+            # Ignore not being able to read a specific, seemingly version
+            # related file.
+            # See https://github.com/python-distro/distro/issues/162
+            return {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _parse_distro_release_content(line):
+        # type: (str) -> Dict[str, str]
+        """
+        Parse a line from a distro release file.
+
+        Parameters:
+        * line: Line from the distro release file. Must be a unicode string
+                or a UTF-8 encoded byte string.
+
+        Returns:
+            A dictionary containing all information items.
+        """
+        matches = _DISTRO_RELEASE_CONTENT_REVERSED_PATTERN.match(line.strip()[::-1])
+        distro_info = {}
+        if matches:
+            # regexp ensures non-None
+            distro_info["name"] = matches.group(3)[::-1]
+            if matches.group(2):
+                distro_info["version_id"] = matches.group(2)[::-1]
+            if matches.group(1):
+                distro_info["codename"] = matches.group(1)[::-1]
+        elif line:
+            distro_info["name"] = line.strip()
+        return distro_info
+
+
+_distro = LinuxDistribution()
+
+
+def main():
+    # type: () -> None
+    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+    logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+    logger.addHandler(logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout))
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="OS distro info tool")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--json", "-j", help="Output in machine readable format", action="store_true"
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--root-dir",
+        "-r",
+        type=str,
+        dest="root_dir",
+        help="Path to the root filesystem directory (defaults to /)",
+    )
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    if args.root_dir:
+        dist = LinuxDistribution(
+            include_lsb=False, include_uname=False, root_dir=args.root_dir
+        )
+    else:
+        dist = _distro
+
+    if args.json:
+        logger.info(json.dumps(dist.info(), indent=4, sort_keys=True))
+    else:
+        logger.info("Name: %s", dist.name(pretty=True))
+        distribution_version = dist.version(pretty=True)
+        logger.info("Version: %s", distribution_version)
+        distribution_codename = dist.codename()
+        logger.info("Codename: %s", distribution_codename)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1d82f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""
+HTML parsing library based on the `WHATWG HTML specification
+<https://whatwg.org/html>`_. The parser is designed to be compatible with
+existing HTML found in the wild and implements well-defined error recovery that
+is largely compatible with modern desktop web browsers.
+
+Example usage::
+
+    from pip._vendor import html5lib
+    with open("my_document.html", "rb") as f:
+        tree = html5lib.parse(f)
+
+For convenience, this module re-exports the following names:
+
+* :func:`~.html5parser.parse`
+* :func:`~.html5parser.parseFragment`
+* :class:`~.html5parser.HTMLParser`
+* :func:`~.treebuilders.getTreeBuilder`
+* :func:`~.treewalkers.getTreeWalker`
+* :func:`~.serializer.serialize`
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from .html5parser import HTMLParser, parse, parseFragment
+from .treebuilders import getTreeBuilder
+from .treewalkers import getTreeWalker
+from .serializer import serialize
+
+__all__ = ["HTMLParser", "parse", "parseFragment", "getTreeBuilder",
+           "getTreeWalker", "serialize"]
+
+# this has to be at the top level, see how setup.py parses this
+#: Distribution version number.
+__version__ = "1.1"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_ihatexml.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_ihatexml.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ff803c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_ihatexml.py
@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+import re
+import warnings
+
+from .constants import DataLossWarning
+
+baseChar = """
+[#x0041-#x005A] | [#x0061-#x007A] | [#x00C0-#x00D6] | [#x00D8-#x00F6] |
+[#x00F8-#x00FF] | [#x0100-#x0131] | [#x0134-#x013E] | [#x0141-#x0148] |
+[#x014A-#x017E] | [#x0180-#x01C3] | [#x01CD-#x01F0] | [#x01F4-#x01F5] |
+[#x01FA-#x0217] | [#x0250-#x02A8] | [#x02BB-#x02C1] | #x0386 |
+[#x0388-#x038A] | #x038C | [#x038E-#x03A1] | [#x03A3-#x03CE] |
+[#x03D0-#x03D6] | #x03DA | #x03DC | #x03DE | #x03E0 | [#x03E2-#x03F3] |
+[#x0401-#x040C] | [#x040E-#x044F] | [#x0451-#x045C] | [#x045E-#x0481] |
+[#x0490-#x04C4] | [#x04C7-#x04C8] | [#x04CB-#x04CC] | [#x04D0-#x04EB] |
+[#x04EE-#x04F5] | [#x04F8-#x04F9] | [#x0531-#x0556] | #x0559 |
+[#x0561-#x0586] | [#x05D0-#x05EA] | [#x05F0-#x05F2] | [#x0621-#x063A] |
+[#x0641-#x064A] | [#x0671-#x06B7] | [#x06BA-#x06BE] | [#x06C0-#x06CE] |
+[#x06D0-#x06D3] | #x06D5 | [#x06E5-#x06E6] | [#x0905-#x0939] | #x093D |
+[#x0958-#x0961] | [#x0985-#x098C] | [#x098F-#x0990] | [#x0993-#x09A8] |
+[#x09AA-#x09B0] | #x09B2 | [#x09B6-#x09B9] | [#x09DC-#x09DD] |
+[#x09DF-#x09E1] | [#x09F0-#x09F1] | [#x0A05-#x0A0A] | [#x0A0F-#x0A10] |
+[#x0A13-#x0A28] | [#x0A2A-#x0A30] | [#x0A32-#x0A33] | [#x0A35-#x0A36] |
+[#x0A38-#x0A39] | [#x0A59-#x0A5C] | #x0A5E | [#x0A72-#x0A74] |
+[#x0A85-#x0A8B] | #x0A8D | [#x0A8F-#x0A91] | [#x0A93-#x0AA8] |
+[#x0AAA-#x0AB0] | [#x0AB2-#x0AB3] | [#x0AB5-#x0AB9] | #x0ABD | #x0AE0 |
+[#x0B05-#x0B0C] | [#x0B0F-#x0B10] | [#x0B13-#x0B28] | [#x0B2A-#x0B30] |
+[#x0B32-#x0B33] | [#x0B36-#x0B39] | #x0B3D | [#x0B5C-#x0B5D] |
+[#x0B5F-#x0B61] | [#x0B85-#x0B8A] | [#x0B8E-#x0B90] | [#x0B92-#x0B95] |
+[#x0B99-#x0B9A] | #x0B9C | [#x0B9E-#x0B9F] | [#x0BA3-#x0BA4] |
+[#x0BA8-#x0BAA] | [#x0BAE-#x0BB5] | [#x0BB7-#x0BB9] | [#x0C05-#x0C0C] |
+[#x0C0E-#x0C10] | [#x0C12-#x0C28] | [#x0C2A-#x0C33] | [#x0C35-#x0C39] |
+[#x0C60-#x0C61] | [#x0C85-#x0C8C] | [#x0C8E-#x0C90] | [#x0C92-#x0CA8] |
+[#x0CAA-#x0CB3] | [#x0CB5-#x0CB9] | #x0CDE | [#x0CE0-#x0CE1] |
+[#x0D05-#x0D0C] | [#x0D0E-#x0D10] | [#x0D12-#x0D28] | [#x0D2A-#x0D39] |
+[#x0D60-#x0D61] | [#x0E01-#x0E2E] | #x0E30 | [#x0E32-#x0E33] |
+[#x0E40-#x0E45] | [#x0E81-#x0E82] | #x0E84 | [#x0E87-#x0E88] | #x0E8A |
+#x0E8D | [#x0E94-#x0E97] | [#x0E99-#x0E9F] | [#x0EA1-#x0EA3] | #x0EA5 |
+#x0EA7 | [#x0EAA-#x0EAB] | [#x0EAD-#x0EAE] | #x0EB0 | [#x0EB2-#x0EB3] |
+#x0EBD | [#x0EC0-#x0EC4] | [#x0F40-#x0F47] | [#x0F49-#x0F69] |
+[#x10A0-#x10C5] | [#x10D0-#x10F6] | #x1100 | [#x1102-#x1103] |
+[#x1105-#x1107] | #x1109 | [#x110B-#x110C] | [#x110E-#x1112] | #x113C |
+#x113E | #x1140 | #x114C | #x114E | #x1150 | [#x1154-#x1155] | #x1159 |
+[#x115F-#x1161] | #x1163 | #x1165 | #x1167 | #x1169 | [#x116D-#x116E] |
+[#x1172-#x1173] | #x1175 | #x119E | #x11A8 | #x11AB | [#x11AE-#x11AF] |
+[#x11B7-#x11B8] | #x11BA | [#x11BC-#x11C2] | #x11EB | #x11F0 | #x11F9 |
+[#x1E00-#x1E9B] | [#x1EA0-#x1EF9] | [#x1F00-#x1F15] | [#x1F18-#x1F1D] |
+[#x1F20-#x1F45] | [#x1F48-#x1F4D] | [#x1F50-#x1F57] | #x1F59 | #x1F5B |
+#x1F5D | [#x1F5F-#x1F7D] | [#x1F80-#x1FB4] | [#x1FB6-#x1FBC] | #x1FBE |
+[#x1FC2-#x1FC4] | [#x1FC6-#x1FCC] | [#x1FD0-#x1FD3] | [#x1FD6-#x1FDB] |
+[#x1FE0-#x1FEC] | [#x1FF2-#x1FF4] | [#x1FF6-#x1FFC] | #x2126 |
+[#x212A-#x212B] | #x212E | [#x2180-#x2182] | [#x3041-#x3094] |
+[#x30A1-#x30FA] | [#x3105-#x312C] | [#xAC00-#xD7A3]"""
+
+ideographic = """[#x4E00-#x9FA5] | #x3007 | [#x3021-#x3029]"""
+
+combiningCharacter = """
+[#x0300-#x0345] | [#x0360-#x0361] | [#x0483-#x0486] | [#x0591-#x05A1] |
+[#x05A3-#x05B9] | [#x05BB-#x05BD] | #x05BF | [#x05C1-#x05C2] | #x05C4 |
+[#x064B-#x0652] | #x0670 | [#x06D6-#x06DC] | [#x06DD-#x06DF] |
+[#x06E0-#x06E4] | [#x06E7-#x06E8] | [#x06EA-#x06ED] | [#x0901-#x0903] |
+#x093C | [#x093E-#x094C] | #x094D | [#x0951-#x0954] | [#x0962-#x0963] |
+[#x0981-#x0983] | #x09BC | #x09BE | #x09BF | [#x09C0-#x09C4] |
+[#x09C7-#x09C8] | [#x09CB-#x09CD] | #x09D7 | [#x09E2-#x09E3] | #x0A02 |
+#x0A3C | #x0A3E | #x0A3F | [#x0A40-#x0A42] | [#x0A47-#x0A48] |
+[#x0A4B-#x0A4D] | [#x0A70-#x0A71] | [#x0A81-#x0A83] | #x0ABC |
+[#x0ABE-#x0AC5] | [#x0AC7-#x0AC9] | [#x0ACB-#x0ACD] | [#x0B01-#x0B03] |
+#x0B3C | [#x0B3E-#x0B43] | [#x0B47-#x0B48] | [#x0B4B-#x0B4D] |
+[#x0B56-#x0B57] | [#x0B82-#x0B83] | [#x0BBE-#x0BC2] | [#x0BC6-#x0BC8] |
+[#x0BCA-#x0BCD] | #x0BD7 | [#x0C01-#x0C03] | [#x0C3E-#x0C44] |
+[#x0C46-#x0C48] | [#x0C4A-#x0C4D] | [#x0C55-#x0C56] | [#x0C82-#x0C83] |
+[#x0CBE-#x0CC4] | [#x0CC6-#x0CC8] | [#x0CCA-#x0CCD] | [#x0CD5-#x0CD6] |
+[#x0D02-#x0D03] | [#x0D3E-#x0D43] | [#x0D46-#x0D48] | [#x0D4A-#x0D4D] |
+#x0D57 | #x0E31 | [#x0E34-#x0E3A] | [#x0E47-#x0E4E] | #x0EB1 |
+[#x0EB4-#x0EB9] | [#x0EBB-#x0EBC] | [#x0EC8-#x0ECD] | [#x0F18-#x0F19] |
+#x0F35 | #x0F37 | #x0F39 | #x0F3E | #x0F3F | [#x0F71-#x0F84] |
+[#x0F86-#x0F8B] | [#x0F90-#x0F95] | #x0F97 | [#x0F99-#x0FAD] |
+[#x0FB1-#x0FB7] | #x0FB9 | [#x20D0-#x20DC] | #x20E1 | [#x302A-#x302F] |
+#x3099 | #x309A"""
+
+digit = """
+[#x0030-#x0039] | [#x0660-#x0669] | [#x06F0-#x06F9] | [#x0966-#x096F] |
+[#x09E6-#x09EF] | [#x0A66-#x0A6F] | [#x0AE6-#x0AEF] | [#x0B66-#x0B6F] |
+[#x0BE7-#x0BEF] | [#x0C66-#x0C6F] | [#x0CE6-#x0CEF] | [#x0D66-#x0D6F] |
+[#x0E50-#x0E59] | [#x0ED0-#x0ED9] | [#x0F20-#x0F29]"""
+
+extender = """
+#x00B7 | #x02D0 | #x02D1 | #x0387 | #x0640 | #x0E46 | #x0EC6 | #x3005 |
+#[#x3031-#x3035] | [#x309D-#x309E] | [#x30FC-#x30FE]"""
+
+letter = " | ".join([baseChar, ideographic])
+
+# Without the
+name = " | ".join([letter, digit, ".", "-", "_", combiningCharacter,
+                   extender])
+nameFirst = " | ".join([letter, "_"])
+
+reChar = re.compile(r"#x([\d|A-F]{4,4})")
+reCharRange = re.compile(r"\[#x([\d|A-F]{4,4})-#x([\d|A-F]{4,4})\]")
+
+
+def charStringToList(chars):
+    charRanges = [item.strip() for item in chars.split(" | ")]
+    rv = []
+    for item in charRanges:
+        foundMatch = False
+        for regexp in (reChar, reCharRange):
+            match = regexp.match(item)
+            if match is not None:
+                rv.append([hexToInt(item) for item in match.groups()])
+                if len(rv[-1]) == 1:
+                    rv[-1] = rv[-1] * 2
+                foundMatch = True
+                break
+        if not foundMatch:
+            assert len(item) == 1
+
+            rv.append([ord(item)] * 2)
+    rv = normaliseCharList(rv)
+    return rv
+
+
+def normaliseCharList(charList):
+    charList = sorted(charList)
+    for item in charList:
+        assert item[1] >= item[0]
+    rv = []
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(charList):
+        j = 1
+        rv.append(charList[i])
+        while i + j < len(charList) and charList[i + j][0] <= rv[-1][1] + 1:
+            rv[-1][1] = charList[i + j][1]
+            j += 1
+        i += j
+    return rv
+
+
+# We don't really support characters above the BMP :(
+max_unicode = int("FFFF", 16)
+
+
+def missingRanges(charList):
+    rv = []
+    if charList[0] != 0:
+        rv.append([0, charList[0][0] - 1])
+    for i, item in enumerate(charList[:-1]):
+        rv.append([item[1] + 1, charList[i + 1][0] - 1])
+    if charList[-1][1] != max_unicode:
+        rv.append([charList[-1][1] + 1, max_unicode])
+    return rv
+
+
+def listToRegexpStr(charList):
+    rv = []
+    for item in charList:
+        if item[0] == item[1]:
+            rv.append(escapeRegexp(chr(item[0])))
+        else:
+            rv.append(escapeRegexp(chr(item[0])) + "-" +
+                      escapeRegexp(chr(item[1])))
+    return "[%s]" % "".join(rv)
+
+
+def hexToInt(hex_str):
+    return int(hex_str, 16)
+
+
+def escapeRegexp(string):
+    specialCharacters = (".", "^", "$", "*", "+", "?", "{", "}",
+                         "[", "]", "|", "(", ")", "-")
+    for char in specialCharacters:
+        string = string.replace(char, "\\" + char)
+
+    return string
+
+# output from the above
+nonXmlNameBMPRegexp = re.compile('[\x00-,/:-@\\[-\\^`\\{-\xb6\xb8-\xbf\xd7\xf7\u0132-\u0133\u013f-\u0140\u0149\u017f\u01c4-\u01cc\u01f1-\u01f3\u01f6-\u01f9\u0218-\u024f\u02a9-\u02ba\u02c2-\u02cf\u02d2-\u02ff\u0346-\u035f\u0362-\u0385\u038b\u038d\u03a2\u03cf\u03d7-\u03d9\u03db\u03dd\u03df\u03e1\u03f4-\u0400\u040d\u0450\u045d\u0482\u0487-\u048f\u04c5-\u04c6\u04c9-\u04ca\u04cd-\u04cf\u04ec-\u04ed\u04f6-\u04f7\u04fa-\u0530\u0557-\u0558\u055a-\u0560\u0587-\u0590\u05a2\u05ba\u05be\u05c0\u05c3\u05c5-\u05cf\u05eb-\u05ef\u05f3-\u0620\u063b-\u063f\u0653-\u065f\u066a-\u066f\u06b8-\u06b9\u06bf\u06cf\u06d4\u06e9\u06ee-\u06ef\u06fa-\u0900\u0904\u093a-\u093b\u094e-\u0950\u0955-\u0957\u0964-\u0965\u0970-\u0980\u0984\u098d-\u098e\u0991-\u0992\u09a9\u09b1\u09b3-\u09b5\u09ba-\u09bb\u09bd\u09c5-\u09c6\u09c9-\u09ca\u09ce-\u09d6\u09d8-\u09db\u09de\u09e4-\u09e5\u09f2-\u0a01\u0a03-\u0a04\u0a0b-\u0a0e\u0a11-\u0a12\u0a29\u0a31\u0a34\u0a37\u0a3a-\u0a3b\u0a3d\u0a43-\u0a46\u0a49-\u0a4a\u0a4e-\u0a58\u0a5d\u0a5f-\u0a65\u0a75-\u0a80\u0a84\u0a8c\u0a8e\u0a92\u0aa9\u0ab1\u0ab4\u0aba-\u0abb\u0ac6\u0aca\u0ace-\u0adf\u0ae1-\u0ae5\u0af0-\u0b00\u0b04\u0b0d-\u0b0e\u0b11-\u0b12\u0b29\u0b31\u0b34-\u0b35\u0b3a-\u0b3b\u0b44-\u0b46\u0b49-\u0b4a\u0b4e-\u0b55\u0b58-\u0b5b\u0b5e\u0b62-\u0b65\u0b70-\u0b81\u0b84\u0b8b-\u0b8d\u0b91\u0b96-\u0b98\u0b9b\u0b9d\u0ba0-\u0ba2\u0ba5-\u0ba7\u0bab-\u0bad\u0bb6\u0bba-\u0bbd\u0bc3-\u0bc5\u0bc9\u0bce-\u0bd6\u0bd8-\u0be6\u0bf0-\u0c00\u0c04\u0c0d\u0c11\u0c29\u0c34\u0c3a-\u0c3d\u0c45\u0c49\u0c4e-\u0c54\u0c57-\u0c5f\u0c62-\u0c65\u0c70-\u0c81\u0c84\u0c8d\u0c91\u0ca9\u0cb4\u0cba-\u0cbd\u0cc5\u0cc9\u0cce-\u0cd4\u0cd7-\u0cdd\u0cdf\u0ce2-\u0ce5\u0cf0-\u0d01\u0d04\u0d0d\u0d11\u0d29\u0d3a-\u0d3d\u0d44-\u0d45\u0d49\u0d4e-\u0d56\u0d58-\u0d5f\u0d62-\u0d65\u0d70-\u0e00\u0e2f\u0e3b-\u0e3f\u0e4f\u0e5a-\u0e80\u0e83\u0e85-\u0e86\u0e89\u0e8b-\u0e8c\u0e8e-\u0e93\u0e98\u0ea0\u0ea4\u0ea6\u0ea8-\u0ea9\u0eac\u0eaf\u0eba\u0ebe-\u0ebf\u0ec5\u0ec7\u0ece-\u0ecf\u0eda-\u0f17\u0f1a-\u0f1f\u0f2a-\u0f34\u0f36\u0f38\u0f3a-\u0f3d\u0f48\u0f6a-\u0f70\u0f85\u0f8c-\u0f8f\u0f96\u0f98\u0fae-\u0fb0\u0fb8\u0fba-\u109f\u10c6-\u10cf\u10f7-\u10ff\u1101\u1104\u1108\u110a\u110d\u1113-\u113b\u113d\u113f\u1141-\u114b\u114d\u114f\u1151-\u1153\u1156-\u1158\u115a-\u115e\u1162\u1164\u1166\u1168\u116a-\u116c\u116f-\u1171\u1174\u1176-\u119d\u119f-\u11a7\u11a9-\u11aa\u11ac-\u11ad\u11b0-\u11b6\u11b9\u11bb\u11c3-\u11ea\u11ec-\u11ef\u11f1-\u11f8\u11fa-\u1dff\u1e9c-\u1e9f\u1efa-\u1eff\u1f16-\u1f17\u1f1e-\u1f1f\u1f46-\u1f47\u1f4e-\u1f4f\u1f58\u1f5a\u1f5c\u1f5e\u1f7e-\u1f7f\u1fb5\u1fbd\u1fbf-\u1fc1\u1fc5\u1fcd-\u1fcf\u1fd4-\u1fd5\u1fdc-\u1fdf\u1fed-\u1ff1\u1ff5\u1ffd-\u20cf\u20dd-\u20e0\u20e2-\u2125\u2127-\u2129\u212c-\u212d\u212f-\u217f\u2183-\u3004\u3006\u3008-\u3020\u3030\u3036-\u3040\u3095-\u3098\u309b-\u309c\u309f-\u30a0\u30fb\u30ff-\u3104\u312d-\u4dff\u9fa6-\uabff\ud7a4-\uffff]')  # noqa
+
+nonXmlNameFirstBMPRegexp = re.compile('[\x00-@\\[-\\^`\\{-\xbf\xd7\xf7\u0132-\u0133\u013f-\u0140\u0149\u017f\u01c4-\u01cc\u01f1-\u01f3\u01f6-\u01f9\u0218-\u024f\u02a9-\u02ba\u02c2-\u0385\u0387\u038b\u038d\u03a2\u03cf\u03d7-\u03d9\u03db\u03dd\u03df\u03e1\u03f4-\u0400\u040d\u0450\u045d\u0482-\u048f\u04c5-\u04c6\u04c9-\u04ca\u04cd-\u04cf\u04ec-\u04ed\u04f6-\u04f7\u04fa-\u0530\u0557-\u0558\u055a-\u0560\u0587-\u05cf\u05eb-\u05ef\u05f3-\u0620\u063b-\u0640\u064b-\u0670\u06b8-\u06b9\u06bf\u06cf\u06d4\u06d6-\u06e4\u06e7-\u0904\u093a-\u093c\u093e-\u0957\u0962-\u0984\u098d-\u098e\u0991-\u0992\u09a9\u09b1\u09b3-\u09b5\u09ba-\u09db\u09de\u09e2-\u09ef\u09f2-\u0a04\u0a0b-\u0a0e\u0a11-\u0a12\u0a29\u0a31\u0a34\u0a37\u0a3a-\u0a58\u0a5d\u0a5f-\u0a71\u0a75-\u0a84\u0a8c\u0a8e\u0a92\u0aa9\u0ab1\u0ab4\u0aba-\u0abc\u0abe-\u0adf\u0ae1-\u0b04\u0b0d-\u0b0e\u0b11-\u0b12\u0b29\u0b31\u0b34-\u0b35\u0b3a-\u0b3c\u0b3e-\u0b5b\u0b5e\u0b62-\u0b84\u0b8b-\u0b8d\u0b91\u0b96-\u0b98\u0b9b\u0b9d\u0ba0-\u0ba2\u0ba5-\u0ba7\u0bab-\u0bad\u0bb6\u0bba-\u0c04\u0c0d\u0c11\u0c29\u0c34\u0c3a-\u0c5f\u0c62-\u0c84\u0c8d\u0c91\u0ca9\u0cb4\u0cba-\u0cdd\u0cdf\u0ce2-\u0d04\u0d0d\u0d11\u0d29\u0d3a-\u0d5f\u0d62-\u0e00\u0e2f\u0e31\u0e34-\u0e3f\u0e46-\u0e80\u0e83\u0e85-\u0e86\u0e89\u0e8b-\u0e8c\u0e8e-\u0e93\u0e98\u0ea0\u0ea4\u0ea6\u0ea8-\u0ea9\u0eac\u0eaf\u0eb1\u0eb4-\u0ebc\u0ebe-\u0ebf\u0ec5-\u0f3f\u0f48\u0f6a-\u109f\u10c6-\u10cf\u10f7-\u10ff\u1101\u1104\u1108\u110a\u110d\u1113-\u113b\u113d\u113f\u1141-\u114b\u114d\u114f\u1151-\u1153\u1156-\u1158\u115a-\u115e\u1162\u1164\u1166\u1168\u116a-\u116c\u116f-\u1171\u1174\u1176-\u119d\u119f-\u11a7\u11a9-\u11aa\u11ac-\u11ad\u11b0-\u11b6\u11b9\u11bb\u11c3-\u11ea\u11ec-\u11ef\u11f1-\u11f8\u11fa-\u1dff\u1e9c-\u1e9f\u1efa-\u1eff\u1f16-\u1f17\u1f1e-\u1f1f\u1f46-\u1f47\u1f4e-\u1f4f\u1f58\u1f5a\u1f5c\u1f5e\u1f7e-\u1f7f\u1fb5\u1fbd\u1fbf-\u1fc1\u1fc5\u1fcd-\u1fcf\u1fd4-\u1fd5\u1fdc-\u1fdf\u1fed-\u1ff1\u1ff5\u1ffd-\u2125\u2127-\u2129\u212c-\u212d\u212f-\u217f\u2183-\u3006\u3008-\u3020\u302a-\u3040\u3095-\u30a0\u30fb-\u3104\u312d-\u4dff\u9fa6-\uabff\ud7a4-\uffff]')  # noqa
+
+# Simpler things
+nonPubidCharRegexp = re.compile("[^\x20\x0D\x0Aa-zA-Z0-9\\-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]")
+
+
+class InfosetFilter(object):
+    replacementRegexp = re.compile(r"U[\dA-F]{5,5}")
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 dropXmlnsLocalName=False,
+                 dropXmlnsAttrNs=False,
+                 preventDoubleDashComments=False,
+                 preventDashAtCommentEnd=False,
+                 replaceFormFeedCharacters=True,
+                 preventSingleQuotePubid=False):
+
+        self.dropXmlnsLocalName = dropXmlnsLocalName
+        self.dropXmlnsAttrNs = dropXmlnsAttrNs
+
+        self.preventDoubleDashComments = preventDoubleDashComments
+        self.preventDashAtCommentEnd = preventDashAtCommentEnd
+
+        self.replaceFormFeedCharacters = replaceFormFeedCharacters
+
+        self.preventSingleQuotePubid = preventSingleQuotePubid
+
+        self.replaceCache = {}
+
+    def coerceAttribute(self, name, namespace=None):
+        if self.dropXmlnsLocalName and name.startswith("xmlns:"):
+            warnings.warn("Attributes cannot begin with xmlns", DataLossWarning)
+            return None
+        elif (self.dropXmlnsAttrNs and
+              namespace == "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"):
+            warnings.warn("Attributes cannot be in the xml namespace", DataLossWarning)
+            return None
+        else:
+            return self.toXmlName(name)
+
+    def coerceElement(self, name):
+        return self.toXmlName(name)
+
+    def coerceComment(self, data):
+        if self.preventDoubleDashComments:
+            while "--" in data:
+                warnings.warn("Comments cannot contain adjacent dashes", DataLossWarning)
+                data = data.replace("--", "- -")
+            if data.endswith("-"):
+                warnings.warn("Comments cannot end in a dash", DataLossWarning)
+                data += " "
+        return data
+
+    def coerceCharacters(self, data):
+        if self.replaceFormFeedCharacters:
+            for _ in range(data.count("\x0C")):
+                warnings.warn("Text cannot contain U+000C", DataLossWarning)
+            data = data.replace("\x0C", " ")
+        # Other non-xml characters
+        return data
+
+    def coercePubid(self, data):
+        dataOutput = data
+        for char in nonPubidCharRegexp.findall(data):
+            warnings.warn("Coercing non-XML pubid", DataLossWarning)
+            replacement = self.getReplacementCharacter(char)
+            dataOutput = dataOutput.replace(char, replacement)
+        if self.preventSingleQuotePubid and dataOutput.find("'") >= 0:
+            warnings.warn("Pubid cannot contain single quote", DataLossWarning)
+            dataOutput = dataOutput.replace("'", self.getReplacementCharacter("'"))
+        return dataOutput
+
+    def toXmlName(self, name):
+        nameFirst = name[0]
+        nameRest = name[1:]
+        m = nonXmlNameFirstBMPRegexp.match(nameFirst)
+        if m:
+            warnings.warn("Coercing non-XML name: %s" % name, DataLossWarning)
+            nameFirstOutput = self.getReplacementCharacter(nameFirst)
+        else:
+            nameFirstOutput = nameFirst
+
+        nameRestOutput = nameRest
+        replaceChars = set(nonXmlNameBMPRegexp.findall(nameRest))
+        for char in replaceChars:
+            warnings.warn("Coercing non-XML name: %s" % name, DataLossWarning)
+            replacement = self.getReplacementCharacter(char)
+            nameRestOutput = nameRestOutput.replace(char, replacement)
+        return nameFirstOutput + nameRestOutput
+
+    def getReplacementCharacter(self, char):
+        if char in self.replaceCache:
+            replacement = self.replaceCache[char]
+        else:
+            replacement = self.escapeChar(char)
+        return replacement
+
+    def fromXmlName(self, name):
+        for item in set(self.replacementRegexp.findall(name)):
+            name = name.replace(item, self.unescapeChar(item))
+        return name
+
+    def escapeChar(self, char):
+        replacement = "U%05X" % ord(char)
+        self.replaceCache[char] = replacement
+        return replacement
+
+    def unescapeChar(self, charcode):
+        return chr(int(charcode[1:], 16))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_inputstream.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_inputstream.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e0bb376
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_inputstream.py
@@ -0,0 +1,918 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from pip._vendor.six import text_type
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import http_client, urllib
+
+import codecs
+import re
+from io import BytesIO, StringIO
+
+from pip._vendor import webencodings
+
+from .constants import EOF, spaceCharacters, asciiLetters, asciiUppercase
+from .constants import _ReparseException
+from . import _utils
+
+# Non-unicode versions of constants for use in the pre-parser
+spaceCharactersBytes = frozenset([item.encode("ascii") for item in spaceCharacters])
+asciiLettersBytes = frozenset([item.encode("ascii") for item in asciiLetters])
+asciiUppercaseBytes = frozenset([item.encode("ascii") for item in asciiUppercase])
+spacesAngleBrackets = spaceCharactersBytes | frozenset([b">", b"<"])
+
+
+invalid_unicode_no_surrogate = "[\u0001-\u0008\u000B\u000E-\u001F\u007F-\u009F\uFDD0-\uFDEF\uFFFE\uFFFF\U0001FFFE\U0001FFFF\U0002FFFE\U0002FFFF\U0003FFFE\U0003FFFF\U0004FFFE\U0004FFFF\U0005FFFE\U0005FFFF\U0006FFFE\U0006FFFF\U0007FFFE\U0007FFFF\U0008FFFE\U0008FFFF\U0009FFFE\U0009FFFF\U000AFFFE\U000AFFFF\U000BFFFE\U000BFFFF\U000CFFFE\U000CFFFF\U000DFFFE\U000DFFFF\U000EFFFE\U000EFFFF\U000FFFFE\U000FFFFF\U0010FFFE\U0010FFFF]"  # noqa
+
+if _utils.supports_lone_surrogates:
+    # Use one extra step of indirection and create surrogates with
+    # eval. Not using this indirection would introduce an illegal
+    # unicode literal on platforms not supporting such lone
+    # surrogates.
+    assert invalid_unicode_no_surrogate[-1] == "]" and invalid_unicode_no_surrogate.count("]") == 1
+    invalid_unicode_re = re.compile(invalid_unicode_no_surrogate[:-1] +
+                                    eval('"\\uD800-\\uDFFF"') +  # pylint:disable=eval-used
+                                    "]")
+else:
+    invalid_unicode_re = re.compile(invalid_unicode_no_surrogate)
+
+non_bmp_invalid_codepoints = {0x1FFFE, 0x1FFFF, 0x2FFFE, 0x2FFFF, 0x3FFFE,
+                              0x3FFFF, 0x4FFFE, 0x4FFFF, 0x5FFFE, 0x5FFFF,
+                              0x6FFFE, 0x6FFFF, 0x7FFFE, 0x7FFFF, 0x8FFFE,
+                              0x8FFFF, 0x9FFFE, 0x9FFFF, 0xAFFFE, 0xAFFFF,
+                              0xBFFFE, 0xBFFFF, 0xCFFFE, 0xCFFFF, 0xDFFFE,
+                              0xDFFFF, 0xEFFFE, 0xEFFFF, 0xFFFFE, 0xFFFFF,
+                              0x10FFFE, 0x10FFFF}
+
+ascii_punctuation_re = re.compile("[\u0009-\u000D\u0020-\u002F\u003A-\u0040\u005C\u005B-\u0060\u007B-\u007E]")
+
+# Cache for charsUntil()
+charsUntilRegEx = {}
+
+
+class BufferedStream(object):
+    """Buffering for streams that do not have buffering of their own
+
+    The buffer is implemented as a list of chunks on the assumption that
+    joining many strings will be slow since it is O(n**2)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, stream):
+        self.stream = stream
+        self.buffer = []
+        self.position = [-1, 0]  # chunk number, offset
+
+    def tell(self):
+        pos = 0
+        for chunk in self.buffer[:self.position[0]]:
+            pos += len(chunk)
+        pos += self.position[1]
+        return pos
+
+    def seek(self, pos):
+        assert pos <= self._bufferedBytes()
+        offset = pos
+        i = 0
+        while len(self.buffer[i]) < offset:
+            offset -= len(self.buffer[i])
+            i += 1
+        self.position = [i, offset]
+
+    def read(self, bytes):
+        if not self.buffer:
+            return self._readStream(bytes)
+        elif (self.position[0] == len(self.buffer) and
+              self.position[1] == len(self.buffer[-1])):
+            return self._readStream(bytes)
+        else:
+            return self._readFromBuffer(bytes)
+
+    def _bufferedBytes(self):
+        return sum([len(item) for item in self.buffer])
+
+    def _readStream(self, bytes):
+        data = self.stream.read(bytes)
+        self.buffer.append(data)
+        self.position[0] += 1
+        self.position[1] = len(data)
+        return data
+
+    def _readFromBuffer(self, bytes):
+        remainingBytes = bytes
+        rv = []
+        bufferIndex = self.position[0]
+        bufferOffset = self.position[1]
+        while bufferIndex < len(self.buffer) and remainingBytes != 0:
+            assert remainingBytes > 0
+            bufferedData = self.buffer[bufferIndex]
+
+            if remainingBytes <= len(bufferedData) - bufferOffset:
+                bytesToRead = remainingBytes
+                self.position = [bufferIndex, bufferOffset + bytesToRead]
+            else:
+                bytesToRead = len(bufferedData) - bufferOffset
+                self.position = [bufferIndex, len(bufferedData)]
+                bufferIndex += 1
+            rv.append(bufferedData[bufferOffset:bufferOffset + bytesToRead])
+            remainingBytes -= bytesToRead
+
+            bufferOffset = 0
+
+        if remainingBytes:
+            rv.append(self._readStream(remainingBytes))
+
+        return b"".join(rv)
+
+
+def HTMLInputStream(source, **kwargs):
+    # Work around Python bug #20007: read(0) closes the connection.
+    # http://bugs.python.org/issue20007
+    if (isinstance(source, http_client.HTTPResponse) or
+        # Also check for addinfourl wrapping HTTPResponse
+        (isinstance(source, urllib.response.addbase) and
+         isinstance(source.fp, http_client.HTTPResponse))):
+        isUnicode = False
+    elif hasattr(source, "read"):
+        isUnicode = isinstance(source.read(0), text_type)
+    else:
+        isUnicode = isinstance(source, text_type)
+
+    if isUnicode:
+        encodings = [x for x in kwargs if x.endswith("_encoding")]
+        if encodings:
+            raise TypeError("Cannot set an encoding with a unicode input, set %r" % encodings)
+
+        return HTMLUnicodeInputStream(source, **kwargs)
+    else:
+        return HTMLBinaryInputStream(source, **kwargs)
+
+
+class HTMLUnicodeInputStream(object):
+    """Provides a unicode stream of characters to the HTMLTokenizer.
+
+    This class takes care of character encoding and removing or replacing
+    incorrect byte-sequences and also provides column and line tracking.
+
+    """
+
+    _defaultChunkSize = 10240
+
+    def __init__(self, source):
+        """Initialises the HTMLInputStream.
+
+        HTMLInputStream(source, [encoding]) -> Normalized stream from source
+        for use by html5lib.
+
+        source can be either a file-object, local filename or a string.
+
+        The optional encoding parameter must be a string that indicates
+        the encoding.  If specified, that encoding will be used,
+        regardless of any BOM or later declaration (such as in a meta
+        element)
+
+        """
+
+        if not _utils.supports_lone_surrogates:
+            # Such platforms will have already checked for such
+            # surrogate errors, so no need to do this checking.
+            self.reportCharacterErrors = None
+        elif len("\U0010FFFF") == 1:
+            self.reportCharacterErrors = self.characterErrorsUCS4
+        else:
+            self.reportCharacterErrors = self.characterErrorsUCS2
+
+        # List of where new lines occur
+        self.newLines = [0]
+
+        self.charEncoding = (lookupEncoding("utf-8"), "certain")
+        self.dataStream = self.openStream(source)
+
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self.chunk = ""
+        self.chunkSize = 0
+        self.chunkOffset = 0
+        self.errors = []
+
+        # number of (complete) lines in previous chunks
+        self.prevNumLines = 0
+        # number of columns in the last line of the previous chunk
+        self.prevNumCols = 0
+
+        # Deal with CR LF and surrogates split over chunk boundaries
+        self._bufferedCharacter = None
+
+    def openStream(self, source):
+        """Produces a file object from source.
+
+        source can be either a file object, local filename or a string.
+
+        """
+        # Already a file object
+        if hasattr(source, 'read'):
+            stream = source
+        else:
+            stream = StringIO(source)
+
+        return stream
+
+    def _position(self, offset):
+        chunk = self.chunk
+        nLines = chunk.count('\n', 0, offset)
+        positionLine = self.prevNumLines + nLines
+        lastLinePos = chunk.rfind('\n', 0, offset)
+        if lastLinePos == -1:
+            positionColumn = self.prevNumCols + offset
+        else:
+            positionColumn = offset - (lastLinePos + 1)
+        return (positionLine, positionColumn)
+
+    def position(self):
+        """Returns (line, col) of the current position in the stream."""
+        line, col = self._position(self.chunkOffset)
+        return (line + 1, col)
+
+    def char(self):
+        """ Read one character from the stream or queue if available. Return
+            EOF when EOF is reached.
+        """
+        # Read a new chunk from the input stream if necessary
+        if self.chunkOffset >= self.chunkSize:
+            if not self.readChunk():
+                return EOF
+
+        chunkOffset = self.chunkOffset
+        char = self.chunk[chunkOffset]
+        self.chunkOffset = chunkOffset + 1
+
+        return char
+
+    def readChunk(self, chunkSize=None):
+        if chunkSize is None:
+            chunkSize = self._defaultChunkSize
+
+        self.prevNumLines, self.prevNumCols = self._position(self.chunkSize)
+
+        self.chunk = ""
+        self.chunkSize = 0
+        self.chunkOffset = 0
+
+        data = self.dataStream.read(chunkSize)
+
+        # Deal with CR LF and surrogates broken across chunks
+        if self._bufferedCharacter:
+            data = self._bufferedCharacter + data
+            self._bufferedCharacter = None
+        elif not data:
+            # We have no more data, bye-bye stream
+            return False
+
+        if len(data) > 1:
+            lastv = ord(data[-1])
+            if lastv == 0x0D or 0xD800 <= lastv <= 0xDBFF:
+                self._bufferedCharacter = data[-1]
+                data = data[:-1]
+
+        if self.reportCharacterErrors:
+            self.reportCharacterErrors(data)
+
+        # Replace invalid characters
+        data = data.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+        data = data.replace("\r", "\n")
+
+        self.chunk = data
+        self.chunkSize = len(data)
+
+        return True
+
+    def characterErrorsUCS4(self, data):
+        for _ in range(len(invalid_unicode_re.findall(data))):
+            self.errors.append("invalid-codepoint")
+
+    def characterErrorsUCS2(self, data):
+        # Someone picked the wrong compile option
+        # You lose
+        skip = False
+        for match in invalid_unicode_re.finditer(data):
+            if skip:
+                continue
+            codepoint = ord(match.group())
+            pos = match.start()
+            # Pretty sure there should be endianness issues here
+            if _utils.isSurrogatePair(data[pos:pos + 2]):
+                # We have a surrogate pair!
+                char_val = _utils.surrogatePairToCodepoint(data[pos:pos + 2])
+                if char_val in non_bmp_invalid_codepoints:
+                    self.errors.append("invalid-codepoint")
+                skip = True
+            elif (codepoint >= 0xD800 and codepoint <= 0xDFFF and
+                  pos == len(data) - 1):
+                self.errors.append("invalid-codepoint")
+            else:
+                skip = False
+                self.errors.append("invalid-codepoint")
+
+    def charsUntil(self, characters, opposite=False):
+        """ Returns a string of characters from the stream up to but not
+        including any character in 'characters' or EOF. 'characters' must be
+        a container that supports the 'in' method and iteration over its
+        characters.
+        """
+
+        # Use a cache of regexps to find the required characters
+        try:
+            chars = charsUntilRegEx[(characters, opposite)]
+        except KeyError:
+            if __debug__:
+                for c in characters:
+                    assert(ord(c) < 128)
+            regex = "".join(["\\x%02x" % ord(c) for c in characters])
+            if not opposite:
+                regex = "^%s" % regex
+            chars = charsUntilRegEx[(characters, opposite)] = re.compile("[%s]+" % regex)
+
+        rv = []
+
+        while True:
+            # Find the longest matching prefix
+            m = chars.match(self.chunk, self.chunkOffset)
+            if m is None:
+                # If nothing matched, and it wasn't because we ran out of chunk,
+                # then stop
+                if self.chunkOffset != self.chunkSize:
+                    break
+            else:
+                end = m.end()
+                # If not the whole chunk matched, return everything
+                # up to the part that didn't match
+                if end != self.chunkSize:
+                    rv.append(self.chunk[self.chunkOffset:end])
+                    self.chunkOffset = end
+                    break
+            # If the whole remainder of the chunk matched,
+            # use it all and read the next chunk
+            rv.append(self.chunk[self.chunkOffset:])
+            if not self.readChunk():
+                # Reached EOF
+                break
+
+        r = "".join(rv)
+        return r
+
+    def unget(self, char):
+        # Only one character is allowed to be ungotten at once - it must
+        # be consumed again before any further call to unget
+        if char is not EOF:
+            if self.chunkOffset == 0:
+                # unget is called quite rarely, so it's a good idea to do
+                # more work here if it saves a bit of work in the frequently
+                # called char and charsUntil.
+                # So, just prepend the ungotten character onto the current
+                # chunk:
+                self.chunk = char + self.chunk
+                self.chunkSize += 1
+            else:
+                self.chunkOffset -= 1
+                assert self.chunk[self.chunkOffset] == char
+
+
+class HTMLBinaryInputStream(HTMLUnicodeInputStream):
+    """Provides a unicode stream of characters to the HTMLTokenizer.
+
+    This class takes care of character encoding and removing or replacing
+    incorrect byte-sequences and also provides column and line tracking.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, source, override_encoding=None, transport_encoding=None,
+                 same_origin_parent_encoding=None, likely_encoding=None,
+                 default_encoding="windows-1252", useChardet=True):
+        """Initialises the HTMLInputStream.
+
+        HTMLInputStream(source, [encoding]) -> Normalized stream from source
+        for use by html5lib.
+
+        source can be either a file-object, local filename or a string.
+
+        The optional encoding parameter must be a string that indicates
+        the encoding.  If specified, that encoding will be used,
+        regardless of any BOM or later declaration (such as in a meta
+        element)
+
+        """
+        # Raw Stream - for unicode objects this will encode to utf-8 and set
+        #              self.charEncoding as appropriate
+        self.rawStream = self.openStream(source)
+
+        HTMLUnicodeInputStream.__init__(self, self.rawStream)
+
+        # Encoding Information
+        # Number of bytes to use when looking for a meta element with
+        # encoding information
+        self.numBytesMeta = 1024
+        # Number of bytes to use when using detecting encoding using chardet
+        self.numBytesChardet = 100
+        # Things from args
+        self.override_encoding = override_encoding
+        self.transport_encoding = transport_encoding
+        self.same_origin_parent_encoding = same_origin_parent_encoding
+        self.likely_encoding = likely_encoding
+        self.default_encoding = default_encoding
+
+        # Determine encoding
+        self.charEncoding = self.determineEncoding(useChardet)
+        assert self.charEncoding[0] is not None
+
+        # Call superclass
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self.dataStream = self.charEncoding[0].codec_info.streamreader(self.rawStream, 'replace')
+        HTMLUnicodeInputStream.reset(self)
+
+    def openStream(self, source):
+        """Produces a file object from source.
+
+        source can be either a file object, local filename or a string.
+
+        """
+        # Already a file object
+        if hasattr(source, 'read'):
+            stream = source
+        else:
+            stream = BytesIO(source)
+
+        try:
+            stream.seek(stream.tell())
+        except Exception:
+            stream = BufferedStream(stream)
+
+        return stream
+
+    def determineEncoding(self, chardet=True):
+        # BOMs take precedence over everything
+        # This will also read past the BOM if present
+        charEncoding = self.detectBOM(), "certain"
+        if charEncoding[0] is not None:
+            return charEncoding
+
+        # If we've been overridden, we've been overridden
+        charEncoding = lookupEncoding(self.override_encoding), "certain"
+        if charEncoding[0] is not None:
+            return charEncoding
+
+        # Now check the transport layer
+        charEncoding = lookupEncoding(self.transport_encoding), "certain"
+        if charEncoding[0] is not None:
+            return charEncoding
+
+        # Look for meta elements with encoding information
+        charEncoding = self.detectEncodingMeta(), "tentative"
+        if charEncoding[0] is not None:
+            return charEncoding
+
+        # Parent document encoding
+        charEncoding = lookupEncoding(self.same_origin_parent_encoding), "tentative"
+        if charEncoding[0] is not None and not charEncoding[0].name.startswith("utf-16"):
+            return charEncoding
+
+        # "likely" encoding
+        charEncoding = lookupEncoding(self.likely_encoding), "tentative"
+        if charEncoding[0] is not None:
+            return charEncoding
+
+        # Guess with chardet, if available
+        if chardet:
+            try:
+                from pip._vendor.chardet.universaldetector import UniversalDetector
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                buffers = []
+                detector = UniversalDetector()
+                while not detector.done:
+                    buffer = self.rawStream.read(self.numBytesChardet)
+                    assert isinstance(buffer, bytes)
+                    if not buffer:
+                        break
+                    buffers.append(buffer)
+                    detector.feed(buffer)
+                detector.close()
+                encoding = lookupEncoding(detector.result['encoding'])
+                self.rawStream.seek(0)
+                if encoding is not None:
+                    return encoding, "tentative"
+
+        # Try the default encoding
+        charEncoding = lookupEncoding(self.default_encoding), "tentative"
+        if charEncoding[0] is not None:
+            return charEncoding
+
+        # Fallback to html5lib's default if even that hasn't worked
+        return lookupEncoding("windows-1252"), "tentative"
+
+    def changeEncoding(self, newEncoding):
+        assert self.charEncoding[1] != "certain"
+        newEncoding = lookupEncoding(newEncoding)
+        if newEncoding is None:
+            return
+        if newEncoding.name in ("utf-16be", "utf-16le"):
+            newEncoding = lookupEncoding("utf-8")
+            assert newEncoding is not None
+        elif newEncoding == self.charEncoding[0]:
+            self.charEncoding = (self.charEncoding[0], "certain")
+        else:
+            self.rawStream.seek(0)
+            self.charEncoding = (newEncoding, "certain")
+            self.reset()
+            raise _ReparseException("Encoding changed from %s to %s" % (self.charEncoding[0], newEncoding))
+
+    def detectBOM(self):
+        """Attempts to detect at BOM at the start of the stream. If
+        an encoding can be determined from the BOM return the name of the
+        encoding otherwise return None"""
+        bomDict = {
+            codecs.BOM_UTF8: 'utf-8',
+            codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE: 'utf-16le', codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE: 'utf-16be',
+            codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE: 'utf-32le', codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE: 'utf-32be'
+        }
+
+        # Go to beginning of file and read in 4 bytes
+        string = self.rawStream.read(4)
+        assert isinstance(string, bytes)
+
+        # Try detecting the BOM using bytes from the string
+        encoding = bomDict.get(string[:3])         # UTF-8
+        seek = 3
+        if not encoding:
+            # Need to detect UTF-32 before UTF-16
+            encoding = bomDict.get(string)         # UTF-32
+            seek = 4
+            if not encoding:
+                encoding = bomDict.get(string[:2])  # UTF-16
+                seek = 2
+
+        # Set the read position past the BOM if one was found, otherwise
+        # set it to the start of the stream
+        if encoding:
+            self.rawStream.seek(seek)
+            return lookupEncoding(encoding)
+        else:
+            self.rawStream.seek(0)
+            return None
+
+    def detectEncodingMeta(self):
+        """Report the encoding declared by the meta element
+        """
+        buffer = self.rawStream.read(self.numBytesMeta)
+        assert isinstance(buffer, bytes)
+        parser = EncodingParser(buffer)
+        self.rawStream.seek(0)
+        encoding = parser.getEncoding()
+
+        if encoding is not None and encoding.name in ("utf-16be", "utf-16le"):
+            encoding = lookupEncoding("utf-8")
+
+        return encoding
+
+
+class EncodingBytes(bytes):
+    """String-like object with an associated position and various extra methods
+    If the position is ever greater than the string length then an exception is
+    raised"""
+    def __new__(self, value):
+        assert isinstance(value, bytes)
+        return bytes.__new__(self, value.lower())
+
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        # pylint:disable=unused-argument
+        self._position = -1
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        p = self._position = self._position + 1
+        if p >= len(self):
+            raise StopIteration
+        elif p < 0:
+            raise TypeError
+        return self[p:p + 1]
+
+    def next(self):
+        # Py2 compat
+        return self.__next__()
+
+    def previous(self):
+        p = self._position
+        if p >= len(self):
+            raise StopIteration
+        elif p < 0:
+            raise TypeError
+        self._position = p = p - 1
+        return self[p:p + 1]
+
+    def setPosition(self, position):
+        if self._position >= len(self):
+            raise StopIteration
+        self._position = position
+
+    def getPosition(self):
+        if self._position >= len(self):
+            raise StopIteration
+        if self._position >= 0:
+            return self._position
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    position = property(getPosition, setPosition)
+
+    def getCurrentByte(self):
+        return self[self.position:self.position + 1]
+
+    currentByte = property(getCurrentByte)
+
+    def skip(self, chars=spaceCharactersBytes):
+        """Skip past a list of characters"""
+        p = self.position               # use property for the error-checking
+        while p < len(self):
+            c = self[p:p + 1]
+            if c not in chars:
+                self._position = p
+                return c
+            p += 1
+        self._position = p
+        return None
+
+    def skipUntil(self, chars):
+        p = self.position
+        while p < len(self):
+            c = self[p:p + 1]
+            if c in chars:
+                self._position = p
+                return c
+            p += 1
+        self._position = p
+        return None
+
+    def matchBytes(self, bytes):
+        """Look for a sequence of bytes at the start of a string. If the bytes
+        are found return True and advance the position to the byte after the
+        match. Otherwise return False and leave the position alone"""
+        rv = self.startswith(bytes, self.position)
+        if rv:
+            self.position += len(bytes)
+        return rv
+
+    def jumpTo(self, bytes):
+        """Look for the next sequence of bytes matching a given sequence. If
+        a match is found advance the position to the last byte of the match"""
+        try:
+            self._position = self.index(bytes, self.position) + len(bytes) - 1
+        except ValueError:
+            raise StopIteration
+        return True
+
+
+class EncodingParser(object):
+    """Mini parser for detecting character encoding from meta elements"""
+
+    def __init__(self, data):
+        """string - the data to work on for encoding detection"""
+        self.data = EncodingBytes(data)
+        self.encoding = None
+
+    def getEncoding(self):
+        if b"<meta" not in self.data:
+            return None
+
+        methodDispatch = (
+            (b"<!--", self.handleComment),
+            (b"<meta", self.handleMeta),
+            (b"</", self.handlePossibleEndTag),
+            (b"<!", self.handleOther),
+            (b"<?", self.handleOther),
+            (b"<", self.handlePossibleStartTag))
+        for _ in self.data:
+            keepParsing = True
+            try:
+                self.data.jumpTo(b"<")
+            except StopIteration:
+                break
+            for key, method in methodDispatch:
+                if self.data.matchBytes(key):
+                    try:
+                        keepParsing = method()
+                        break
+                    except StopIteration:
+                        keepParsing = False
+                        break
+            if not keepParsing:
+                break
+
+        return self.encoding
+
+    def handleComment(self):
+        """Skip over comments"""
+        return self.data.jumpTo(b"-->")
+
+    def handleMeta(self):
+        if self.data.currentByte not in spaceCharactersBytes:
+            # if we have <meta not followed by a space so just keep going
+            return True
+        # We have a valid meta element we want to search for attributes
+        hasPragma = False
+        pendingEncoding = None
+        while True:
+            # Try to find the next attribute after the current position
+            attr = self.getAttribute()
+            if attr is None:
+                return True
+            else:
+                if attr[0] == b"http-equiv":
+                    hasPragma = attr[1] == b"content-type"
+                    if hasPragma and pendingEncoding is not None:
+                        self.encoding = pendingEncoding
+                        return False
+                elif attr[0] == b"charset":
+                    tentativeEncoding = attr[1]
+                    codec = lookupEncoding(tentativeEncoding)
+                    if codec is not None:
+                        self.encoding = codec
+                        return False
+                elif attr[0] == b"content":
+                    contentParser = ContentAttrParser(EncodingBytes(attr[1]))
+                    tentativeEncoding = contentParser.parse()
+                    if tentativeEncoding is not None:
+                        codec = lookupEncoding(tentativeEncoding)
+                        if codec is not None:
+                            if hasPragma:
+                                self.encoding = codec
+                                return False
+                            else:
+                                pendingEncoding = codec
+
+    def handlePossibleStartTag(self):
+        return self.handlePossibleTag(False)
+
+    def handlePossibleEndTag(self):
+        next(self.data)
+        return self.handlePossibleTag(True)
+
+    def handlePossibleTag(self, endTag):
+        data = self.data
+        if data.currentByte not in asciiLettersBytes:
+            # If the next byte is not an ascii letter either ignore this
+            # fragment (possible start tag case) or treat it according to
+            # handleOther
+            if endTag:
+                data.previous()
+                self.handleOther()
+            return True
+
+        c = data.skipUntil(spacesAngleBrackets)
+        if c == b"<":
+            # return to the first step in the overall "two step" algorithm
+            # reprocessing the < byte
+            data.previous()
+        else:
+            # Read all attributes
+            attr = self.getAttribute()
+            while attr is not None:
+                attr = self.getAttribute()
+        return True
+
+    def handleOther(self):
+        return self.data.jumpTo(b">")
+
+    def getAttribute(self):
+        """Return a name,value pair for the next attribute in the stream,
+        if one is found, or None"""
+        data = self.data
+        # Step 1 (skip chars)
+        c = data.skip(spaceCharactersBytes | frozenset([b"/"]))
+        assert c is None or len(c) == 1
+        # Step 2
+        if c in (b">", None):
+            return None
+        # Step 3
+        attrName = []
+        attrValue = []
+        # Step 4 attribute name
+        while True:
+            if c == b"=" and attrName:
+                break
+            elif c in spaceCharactersBytes:
+                # Step 6!
+                c = data.skip()
+                break
+            elif c in (b"/", b">"):
+                return b"".join(attrName), b""
+            elif c in asciiUppercaseBytes:
+                attrName.append(c.lower())
+            elif c is None:
+                return None
+            else:
+                attrName.append(c)
+            # Step 5
+            c = next(data)
+        # Step 7
+        if c != b"=":
+            data.previous()
+            return b"".join(attrName), b""
+        # Step 8
+        next(data)
+        # Step 9
+        c = data.skip()
+        # Step 10
+        if c in (b"'", b'"'):
+            # 10.1
+            quoteChar = c
+            while True:
+                # 10.2
+                c = next(data)
+                # 10.3
+                if c == quoteChar:
+                    next(data)
+                    return b"".join(attrName), b"".join(attrValue)
+                # 10.4
+                elif c in asciiUppercaseBytes:
+                    attrValue.append(c.lower())
+                # 10.5
+                else:
+                    attrValue.append(c)
+        elif c == b">":
+            return b"".join(attrName), b""
+        elif c in asciiUppercaseBytes:
+            attrValue.append(c.lower())
+        elif c is None:
+            return None
+        else:
+            attrValue.append(c)
+        # Step 11
+        while True:
+            c = next(data)
+            if c in spacesAngleBrackets:
+                return b"".join(attrName), b"".join(attrValue)
+            elif c in asciiUppercaseBytes:
+                attrValue.append(c.lower())
+            elif c is None:
+                return None
+            else:
+                attrValue.append(c)
+
+
+class ContentAttrParser(object):
+    def __init__(self, data):
+        assert isinstance(data, bytes)
+        self.data = data
+
+    def parse(self):
+        try:
+            # Check if the attr name is charset
+            # otherwise return
+            self.data.jumpTo(b"charset")
+            self.data.position += 1
+            self.data.skip()
+            if not self.data.currentByte == b"=":
+                # If there is no = sign keep looking for attrs
+                return None
+            self.data.position += 1
+            self.data.skip()
+            # Look for an encoding between matching quote marks
+            if self.data.currentByte in (b'"', b"'"):
+                quoteMark = self.data.currentByte
+                self.data.position += 1
+                oldPosition = self.data.position
+                if self.data.jumpTo(quoteMark):
+                    return self.data[oldPosition:self.data.position]
+                else:
+                    return None
+            else:
+                # Unquoted value
+                oldPosition = self.data.position
+                try:
+                    self.data.skipUntil(spaceCharactersBytes)
+                    return self.data[oldPosition:self.data.position]
+                except StopIteration:
+                    # Return the whole remaining value
+                    return self.data[oldPosition:]
+        except StopIteration:
+            return None
+
+
+def lookupEncoding(encoding):
+    """Return the python codec name corresponding to an encoding or None if the
+    string doesn't correspond to a valid encoding."""
+    if isinstance(encoding, bytes):
+        try:
+            encoding = encoding.decode("ascii")
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            return None
+
+    if encoding is not None:
+        try:
+            return webencodings.lookup(encoding)
+        except AttributeError:
+            return None
+    else:
+        return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_tokenizer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_tokenizer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f00253
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_tokenizer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1735 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from pip._vendor.six import unichr as chr
+
+from collections import deque, OrderedDict
+from sys import version_info
+
+from .constants import spaceCharacters
+from .constants import entities
+from .constants import asciiLetters, asciiUpper2Lower
+from .constants import digits, hexDigits, EOF
+from .constants import tokenTypes, tagTokenTypes
+from .constants import replacementCharacters
+
+from ._inputstream import HTMLInputStream
+
+from ._trie import Trie
+
+entitiesTrie = Trie(entities)
+
+if version_info >= (3, 7):
+    attributeMap = dict
+else:
+    attributeMap = OrderedDict
+
+
+class HTMLTokenizer(object):
+    """ This class takes care of tokenizing HTML.
+
+    * self.currentToken
+      Holds the token that is currently being processed.
+
+    * self.state
+      Holds a reference to the method to be invoked... XXX
+
+    * self.stream
+      Points to HTMLInputStream object.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, stream, parser=None, **kwargs):
+
+        self.stream = HTMLInputStream(stream, **kwargs)
+        self.parser = parser
+
+        # Setup the initial tokenizer state
+        self.escapeFlag = False
+        self.lastFourChars = []
+        self.state = self.dataState
+        self.escape = False
+
+        # The current token being created
+        self.currentToken = None
+        super(HTMLTokenizer, self).__init__()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """ This is where the magic happens.
+
+        We do our usually processing through the states and when we have a token
+        to return we yield the token which pauses processing until the next token
+        is requested.
+        """
+        self.tokenQueue = deque([])
+        # Start processing. When EOF is reached self.state will return False
+        # instead of True and the loop will terminate.
+        while self.state():
+            while self.stream.errors:
+                yield {"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data": self.stream.errors.pop(0)}
+            while self.tokenQueue:
+                yield self.tokenQueue.popleft()
+
+    def consumeNumberEntity(self, isHex):
+        """This function returns either U+FFFD or the character based on the
+        decimal or hexadecimal representation. It also discards ";" if present.
+        If not present self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"]}) is invoked.
+        """
+
+        allowed = digits
+        radix = 10
+        if isHex:
+            allowed = hexDigits
+            radix = 16
+
+        charStack = []
+
+        # Consume all the characters that are in range while making sure we
+        # don't hit an EOF.
+        c = self.stream.char()
+        while c in allowed and c is not EOF:
+            charStack.append(c)
+            c = self.stream.char()
+
+        # Convert the set of characters consumed to an int.
+        charAsInt = int("".join(charStack), radix)
+
+        # Certain characters get replaced with others
+        if charAsInt in replacementCharacters:
+            char = replacementCharacters[charAsInt]
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "illegal-codepoint-for-numeric-entity",
+                                    "datavars": {"charAsInt": charAsInt}})
+        elif ((0xD800 <= charAsInt <= 0xDFFF) or
+              (charAsInt > 0x10FFFF)):
+            char = "\uFFFD"
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "illegal-codepoint-for-numeric-entity",
+                                    "datavars": {"charAsInt": charAsInt}})
+        else:
+            # Should speed up this check somehow (e.g. move the set to a constant)
+            if ((0x0001 <= charAsInt <= 0x0008) or
+                (0x000E <= charAsInt <= 0x001F) or
+                (0x007F <= charAsInt <= 0x009F) or
+                (0xFDD0 <= charAsInt <= 0xFDEF) or
+                charAsInt in frozenset([0x000B, 0xFFFE, 0xFFFF, 0x1FFFE,
+                                        0x1FFFF, 0x2FFFE, 0x2FFFF, 0x3FFFE,
+                                        0x3FFFF, 0x4FFFE, 0x4FFFF, 0x5FFFE,
+                                        0x5FFFF, 0x6FFFE, 0x6FFFF, 0x7FFFE,
+                                        0x7FFFF, 0x8FFFE, 0x8FFFF, 0x9FFFE,
+                                        0x9FFFF, 0xAFFFE, 0xAFFFF, 0xBFFFE,
+                                        0xBFFFF, 0xCFFFE, 0xCFFFF, 0xDFFFE,
+                                        0xDFFFF, 0xEFFFE, 0xEFFFF, 0xFFFFE,
+                                        0xFFFFF, 0x10FFFE, 0x10FFFF])):
+                self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                        "data":
+                                        "illegal-codepoint-for-numeric-entity",
+                                        "datavars": {"charAsInt": charAsInt}})
+            try:
+                # Try/except needed as UCS-2 Python builds' unichar only works
+                # within the BMP.
+                char = chr(charAsInt)
+            except ValueError:
+                v = charAsInt - 0x10000
+                char = chr(0xD800 | (v >> 10)) + chr(0xDC00 | (v & 0x3FF))
+
+        # Discard the ; if present. Otherwise, put it back on the queue and
+        # invoke parseError on parser.
+        if c != ";":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "numeric-entity-without-semicolon"})
+            self.stream.unget(c)
+
+        return char
+
+    def consumeEntity(self, allowedChar=None, fromAttribute=False):
+        # Initialise to the default output for when no entity is matched
+        output = "&"
+
+        charStack = [self.stream.char()]
+        if (charStack[0] in spaceCharacters or charStack[0] in (EOF, "<", "&") or
+                (allowedChar is not None and allowedChar == charStack[0])):
+            self.stream.unget(charStack[0])
+
+        elif charStack[0] == "#":
+            # Read the next character to see if it's hex or decimal
+            hex = False
+            charStack.append(self.stream.char())
+            if charStack[-1] in ("x", "X"):
+                hex = True
+                charStack.append(self.stream.char())
+
+            # charStack[-1] should be the first digit
+            if (hex and charStack[-1] in hexDigits) \
+                    or (not hex and charStack[-1] in digits):
+                # At least one digit found, so consume the whole number
+                self.stream.unget(charStack[-1])
+                output = self.consumeNumberEntity(hex)
+            else:
+                # No digits found
+                self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                        "data": "expected-numeric-entity"})
+                self.stream.unget(charStack.pop())
+                output = "&" + "".join(charStack)
+
+        else:
+            # At this point in the process might have named entity. Entities
+            # are stored in the global variable "entities".
+            #
+            # Consume characters and compare to these to a substring of the
+            # entity names in the list until the substring no longer matches.
+            while (charStack[-1] is not EOF):
+                if not entitiesTrie.has_keys_with_prefix("".join(charStack)):
+                    break
+                charStack.append(self.stream.char())
+
+            # At this point we have a string that starts with some characters
+            # that may match an entity
+            # Try to find the longest entity the string will match to take care
+            # of &noti for instance.
+            try:
+                entityName = entitiesTrie.longest_prefix("".join(charStack[:-1]))
+                entityLength = len(entityName)
+            except KeyError:
+                entityName = None
+
+            if entityName is not None:
+                if entityName[-1] != ";":
+                    self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                            "named-entity-without-semicolon"})
+                if (entityName[-1] != ";" and fromAttribute and
+                    (charStack[entityLength] in asciiLetters or
+                     charStack[entityLength] in digits or
+                     charStack[entityLength] == "=")):
+                    self.stream.unget(charStack.pop())
+                    output = "&" + "".join(charStack)
+                else:
+                    output = entities[entityName]
+                    self.stream.unget(charStack.pop())
+                    output += "".join(charStack[entityLength:])
+            else:
+                self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                        "expected-named-entity"})
+                self.stream.unget(charStack.pop())
+                output = "&" + "".join(charStack)
+
+        if fromAttribute:
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += output
+        else:
+            if output in spaceCharacters:
+                tokenType = "SpaceCharacters"
+            else:
+                tokenType = "Characters"
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes[tokenType], "data": output})
+
+    def processEntityInAttribute(self, allowedChar):
+        """This method replaces the need for "entityInAttributeValueState".
+        """
+        self.consumeEntity(allowedChar=allowedChar, fromAttribute=True)
+
+    def emitCurrentToken(self):
+        """This method is a generic handler for emitting the tags. It also sets
+        the state to "data" because that's what's needed after a token has been
+        emitted.
+        """
+        token = self.currentToken
+        # Add token to the queue to be yielded
+        if (token["type"] in tagTokenTypes):
+            token["name"] = token["name"].translate(asciiUpper2Lower)
+            if token["type"] == tokenTypes["StartTag"]:
+                raw = token["data"]
+                data = attributeMap(raw)
+                if len(raw) > len(data):
+                    # we had some duplicated attribute, fix so first wins
+                    data.update(raw[::-1])
+                token["data"] = data
+
+            if token["type"] == tokenTypes["EndTag"]:
+                if token["data"]:
+                    self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                            "data": "attributes-in-end-tag"})
+                if token["selfClosing"]:
+                    self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                            "data": "self-closing-flag-on-end-tag"})
+        self.tokenQueue.append(token)
+        self.state = self.dataState
+
+    # Below are the various tokenizer states worked out.
+    def dataState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "&":
+            self.state = self.entityDataState
+        elif data == "<":
+            self.state = self.tagOpenState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\u0000"})
+        elif data is EOF:
+            # Tokenization ends.
+            return False
+        elif data in spaceCharacters:
+            # Directly after emitting a token you switch back to the "data
+            # state". At that point spaceCharacters are important so they are
+            # emitted separately.
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["SpaceCharacters"], "data":
+                                    data + self.stream.charsUntil(spaceCharacters, True)})
+            # No need to update lastFourChars here, since the first space will
+            # have already been appended to lastFourChars and will have broken
+            # any <!-- or --> sequences
+        else:
+            chars = self.stream.charsUntil(("&", "<", "\u0000"))
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data":
+                                    data + chars})
+        return True
+
+    def entityDataState(self):
+        self.consumeEntity()
+        self.state = self.dataState
+        return True
+
+    def rcdataState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "&":
+            self.state = self.characterReferenceInRcdata
+        elif data == "<":
+            self.state = self.rcdataLessThanSignState
+        elif data == EOF:
+            # Tokenization ends.
+            return False
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+        elif data in spaceCharacters:
+            # Directly after emitting a token you switch back to the "data
+            # state". At that point spaceCharacters are important so they are
+            # emitted separately.
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["SpaceCharacters"], "data":
+                                    data + self.stream.charsUntil(spaceCharacters, True)})
+            # No need to update lastFourChars here, since the first space will
+            # have already been appended to lastFourChars and will have broken
+            # any <!-- or --> sequences
+        else:
+            chars = self.stream.charsUntil(("&", "<", "\u0000"))
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data":
+                                    data + chars})
+        return True
+
+    def characterReferenceInRcdata(self):
+        self.consumeEntity()
+        self.state = self.rcdataState
+        return True
+
+    def rawtextState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "<":
+            self.state = self.rawtextLessThanSignState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+        elif data == EOF:
+            # Tokenization ends.
+            return False
+        else:
+            chars = self.stream.charsUntil(("<", "\u0000"))
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data":
+                                    data + chars})
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "<":
+            self.state = self.scriptDataLessThanSignState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+        elif data == EOF:
+            # Tokenization ends.
+            return False
+        else:
+            chars = self.stream.charsUntil(("<", "\u0000"))
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data":
+                                    data + chars})
+        return True
+
+    def plaintextState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == EOF:
+            # Tokenization ends.
+            return False
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data":
+                                    data + self.stream.charsUntil("\u0000")})
+        return True
+
+    def tagOpenState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "!":
+            self.state = self.markupDeclarationOpenState
+        elif data == "/":
+            self.state = self.closeTagOpenState
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["StartTag"],
+                                 "name": data, "data": [],
+                                 "selfClosing": False,
+                                 "selfClosingAcknowledged": False}
+            self.state = self.tagNameState
+        elif data == ">":
+            # XXX In theory it could be something besides a tag name. But
+            # do we really care?
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-tag-name-but-got-right-bracket"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<>"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data == "?":
+            # XXX In theory it could be something besides a tag name. But
+            # do we really care?
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-tag-name-but-got-question-mark"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.bogusCommentState
+        else:
+            # XXX
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-tag-name"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        return True
+
+    def closeTagOpenState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in asciiLetters:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"], "name": data,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.state = self.tagNameState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-closing-tag-but-got-right-bracket"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-closing-tag-but-got-eof"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "</"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            # XXX data can be _'_...
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-closing-tag-but-got-char",
+                                    "datavars": {"data": data}})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.bogusCommentState
+        return True
+
+    def tagNameState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeNameState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-tag-name"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data == "/":
+            self.state = self.selfClosingStartTagState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["name"] += "\uFFFD"
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["name"] += data
+            # (Don't use charsUntil here, because tag names are
+            # very short and it's faster to not do anything fancy)
+        return True
+
+    def rcdataLessThanSignState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "/":
+            self.temporaryBuffer = ""
+            self.state = self.rcdataEndTagOpenState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.rcdataState
+        return True
+
+    def rcdataEndTagOpenState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in asciiLetters:
+            self.temporaryBuffer += data
+            self.state = self.rcdataEndTagNameState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "</"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.rcdataState
+        return True
+
+    def rcdataEndTagNameState(self):
+        appropriate = self.currentToken and self.currentToken["name"].lower() == self.temporaryBuffer.lower()
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeNameState
+        elif data == "/" and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.state = self.selfClosingStartTagState
+        elif data == ">" and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.temporaryBuffer += data
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "</" + self.temporaryBuffer})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.rcdataState
+        return True
+
+    def rawtextLessThanSignState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "/":
+            self.temporaryBuffer = ""
+            self.state = self.rawtextEndTagOpenState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.rawtextState
+        return True
+
+    def rawtextEndTagOpenState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in asciiLetters:
+            self.temporaryBuffer += data
+            self.state = self.rawtextEndTagNameState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "</"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.rawtextState
+        return True
+
+    def rawtextEndTagNameState(self):
+        appropriate = self.currentToken and self.currentToken["name"].lower() == self.temporaryBuffer.lower()
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeNameState
+        elif data == "/" and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.state = self.selfClosingStartTagState
+        elif data == ">" and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.temporaryBuffer += data
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "</" + self.temporaryBuffer})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.rawtextState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataLessThanSignState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "/":
+            self.temporaryBuffer = ""
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEndTagOpenState
+        elif data == "!":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<!"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapeStartState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEndTagOpenState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in asciiLetters:
+            self.temporaryBuffer += data
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEndTagNameState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "</"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEndTagNameState(self):
+        appropriate = self.currentToken and self.currentToken["name"].lower() == self.temporaryBuffer.lower()
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeNameState
+        elif data == "/" and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.state = self.selfClosingStartTagState
+        elif data == ">" and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.temporaryBuffer += data
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "</" + self.temporaryBuffer})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEscapeStartState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "-"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapeStartDashState
+        else:
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEscapeStartDashState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "-"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedDashDashState
+        else:
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEscapedState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "-"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedDashState
+        elif data == "<":
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedLessThanSignState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+        elif data == EOF:
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            chars = self.stream.charsUntil(("<", "-", "\u0000"))
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data":
+                                    data + chars})
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEscapedDashState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "-"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedDashDashState
+        elif data == "<":
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedLessThanSignState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+        elif data == EOF:
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEscapedDashDashState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "-"})
+        elif data == "<":
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedLessThanSignState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": ">"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+        elif data == EOF:
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEscapedLessThanSignState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "/":
+            self.temporaryBuffer = ""
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedEndTagOpenState
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<" + data})
+            self.temporaryBuffer = data
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapeStartState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEscapedEndTagOpenState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in asciiLetters:
+            self.temporaryBuffer = data
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedEndTagNameState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "</"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataEscapedEndTagNameState(self):
+        appropriate = self.currentToken and self.currentToken["name"].lower() == self.temporaryBuffer.lower()
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeNameState
+        elif data == "/" and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.state = self.selfClosingStartTagState
+        elif data == ">" and appropriate:
+            self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                                 "name": self.temporaryBuffer,
+                                 "data": [], "selfClosing": False}
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.temporaryBuffer += data
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "</" + self.temporaryBuffer})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataDoubleEscapeStartState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in (spaceCharacters | frozenset(("/", ">"))):
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data})
+            if self.temporaryBuffer.lower() == "script":
+                self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedState
+            else:
+                self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data})
+            self.temporaryBuffer += data
+        else:
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataDoubleEscapedState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "-"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedDashState
+        elif data == "<":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedLessThanSignState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+        elif data == EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-script-in-script"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data})
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataDoubleEscapedDashState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "-"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedDashDashState
+        elif data == "<":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedLessThanSignState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedState
+        elif data == EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-script-in-script"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataDoubleEscapedDashDashState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "-"})
+        elif data == "<":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "<"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedLessThanSignState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": ">"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": "\uFFFD"})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedState
+        elif data == EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-script-in-script"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data})
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataDoubleEscapedLessThanSignState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "/":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": "/"})
+            self.temporaryBuffer = ""
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapeEndState
+        else:
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def scriptDataDoubleEscapeEndState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in (spaceCharacters | frozenset(("/", ">"))):
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data})
+            if self.temporaryBuffer.lower() == "script":
+                self.state = self.scriptDataEscapedState
+            else:
+                self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedState
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data})
+            self.temporaryBuffer += data
+        else:
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.scriptDataDoubleEscapedState
+        return True
+
+    def beforeAttributeNameState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.stream.charsUntil(spaceCharacters, True)
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.currentToken["data"].append([data, ""])
+            self.state = self.attributeNameState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+        elif data == "/":
+            self.state = self.selfClosingStartTagState
+        elif data in ("'", '"', "=", "<"):
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "invalid-character-in-attribute-name"})
+            self.currentToken["data"].append([data, ""])
+            self.state = self.attributeNameState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"].append(["\uFFFD", ""])
+            self.state = self.attributeNameState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-attribute-name-but-got-eof"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"].append([data, ""])
+            self.state = self.attributeNameState
+        return True
+
+    def attributeNameState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        leavingThisState = True
+        emitToken = False
+        if data == "=":
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeValueState
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][0] += data +\
+                self.stream.charsUntil(asciiLetters, True)
+            leavingThisState = False
+        elif data == ">":
+            # XXX If we emit here the attributes are converted to a dict
+            # without being checked and when the code below runs we error
+            # because data is a dict not a list
+            emitToken = True
+        elif data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.state = self.afterAttributeNameState
+        elif data == "/":
+            self.state = self.selfClosingStartTagState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][0] += "\uFFFD"
+            leavingThisState = False
+        elif data in ("'", '"', "<"):
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data":
+                                    "invalid-character-in-attribute-name"})
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][0] += data
+            leavingThisState = False
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "eof-in-attribute-name"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][0] += data
+            leavingThisState = False
+
+        if leavingThisState:
+            # Attributes are not dropped at this stage. That happens when the
+            # start tag token is emitted so values can still be safely appended
+            # to attributes, but we do want to report the parse error in time.
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][0] = (
+                self.currentToken["data"][-1][0].translate(asciiUpper2Lower))
+            for name, _ in self.currentToken["data"][:-1]:
+                if self.currentToken["data"][-1][0] == name:
+                    self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                            "duplicate-attribute"})
+                    break
+            # XXX Fix for above XXX
+            if emitToken:
+                self.emitCurrentToken()
+        return True
+
+    def afterAttributeNameState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.stream.charsUntil(spaceCharacters, True)
+        elif data == "=":
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeValueState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+        elif data in asciiLetters:
+            self.currentToken["data"].append([data, ""])
+            self.state = self.attributeNameState
+        elif data == "/":
+            self.state = self.selfClosingStartTagState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"].append(["\uFFFD", ""])
+            self.state = self.attributeNameState
+        elif data in ("'", '"', "<"):
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "invalid-character-after-attribute-name"})
+            self.currentToken["data"].append([data, ""])
+            self.state = self.attributeNameState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-end-of-tag-but-got-eof"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"].append([data, ""])
+            self.state = self.attributeNameState
+        return True
+
+    def beforeAttributeValueState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.stream.charsUntil(spaceCharacters, True)
+        elif data == "\"":
+            self.state = self.attributeValueDoubleQuotedState
+        elif data == "&":
+            self.state = self.attributeValueUnQuotedState
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+        elif data == "'":
+            self.state = self.attributeValueSingleQuotedState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-attribute-value-but-got-right-bracket"})
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += "\uFFFD"
+            self.state = self.attributeValueUnQuotedState
+        elif data in ("=", "<", "`"):
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "equals-in-unquoted-attribute-value"})
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += data
+            self.state = self.attributeValueUnQuotedState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-attribute-value-but-got-eof"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += data
+            self.state = self.attributeValueUnQuotedState
+        return True
+
+    def attributeValueDoubleQuotedState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "\"":
+            self.state = self.afterAttributeValueState
+        elif data == "&":
+            self.processEntityInAttribute('"')
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += "\uFFFD"
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-attribute-value-double-quote"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += data +\
+                self.stream.charsUntil(("\"", "&", "\u0000"))
+        return True
+
+    def attributeValueSingleQuotedState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "'":
+            self.state = self.afterAttributeValueState
+        elif data == "&":
+            self.processEntityInAttribute("'")
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += "\uFFFD"
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-attribute-value-single-quote"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += data +\
+                self.stream.charsUntil(("'", "&", "\u0000"))
+        return True
+
+    def attributeValueUnQuotedState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeNameState
+        elif data == "&":
+            self.processEntityInAttribute(">")
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+        elif data in ('"', "'", "=", "<", "`"):
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-character-in-unquoted-attribute-value"})
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += data
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += "\uFFFD"
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-attribute-value-no-quotes"})
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"][-1][1] += data + self.stream.charsUntil(
+                frozenset(("&", ">", '"', "'", "=", "<", "`", "\u0000")) | spaceCharacters)
+        return True
+
+    def afterAttributeValueState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeNameState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+        elif data == "/":
+            self.state = self.selfClosingStartTagState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-EOF-after-attribute-value"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-character-after-attribute-value"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeNameState
+        return True
+
+    def selfClosingStartTagState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == ">":
+            self.currentToken["selfClosing"] = True
+            self.emitCurrentToken()
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data":
+                                    "unexpected-EOF-after-solidus-in-tag"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-character-after-solidus-in-tag"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.beforeAttributeNameState
+        return True
+
+    def bogusCommentState(self):
+        # Make a new comment token and give it as value all the characters
+        # until the first > or EOF (charsUntil checks for EOF automatically)
+        # and emit it.
+        data = self.stream.charsUntil(">")
+        data = data.replace("\u0000", "\uFFFD")
+        self.tokenQueue.append(
+            {"type": tokenTypes["Comment"], "data": data})
+
+        # Eat the character directly after the bogus comment which is either a
+        # ">" or an EOF.
+        self.stream.char()
+        self.state = self.dataState
+        return True
+
+    def markupDeclarationOpenState(self):
+        charStack = [self.stream.char()]
+        if charStack[-1] == "-":
+            charStack.append(self.stream.char())
+            if charStack[-1] == "-":
+                self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["Comment"], "data": ""}
+                self.state = self.commentStartState
+                return True
+        elif charStack[-1] in ('d', 'D'):
+            matched = True
+            for expected in (('o', 'O'), ('c', 'C'), ('t', 'T'),
+                             ('y', 'Y'), ('p', 'P'), ('e', 'E')):
+                charStack.append(self.stream.char())
+                if charStack[-1] not in expected:
+                    matched = False
+                    break
+            if matched:
+                self.currentToken = {"type": tokenTypes["Doctype"],
+                                     "name": "",
+                                     "publicId": None, "systemId": None,
+                                     "correct": True}
+                self.state = self.doctypeState
+                return True
+        elif (charStack[-1] == "[" and
+              self.parser is not None and
+              self.parser.tree.openElements and
+              self.parser.tree.openElements[-1].namespace != self.parser.tree.defaultNamespace):
+            matched = True
+            for expected in ["C", "D", "A", "T", "A", "["]:
+                charStack.append(self.stream.char())
+                if charStack[-1] != expected:
+                    matched = False
+                    break
+            if matched:
+                self.state = self.cdataSectionState
+                return True
+
+        self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                "expected-dashes-or-doctype"})
+
+        while charStack:
+            self.stream.unget(charStack.pop())
+        self.state = self.bogusCommentState
+        return True
+
+    def commentStartState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.state = self.commentStartDashState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "\uFFFD"
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "incorrect-comment"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-comment"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"] += data
+            self.state = self.commentState
+        return True
+
+    def commentStartDashState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.state = self.commentEndState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "-\uFFFD"
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "incorrect-comment"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-comment"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "-" + data
+            self.state = self.commentState
+        return True
+
+    def commentState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.state = self.commentEndDashState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "\uFFFD"
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "eof-in-comment"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"] += data + \
+                self.stream.charsUntil(("-", "\u0000"))
+        return True
+
+    def commentEndDashState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "-":
+            self.state = self.commentEndState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "-\uFFFD"
+            self.state = self.commentState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-comment-end-dash"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "-" + data
+            self.state = self.commentState
+        return True
+
+    def commentEndState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "--\uFFFD"
+            self.state = self.commentState
+        elif data == "!":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-bang-after-double-dash-in-comment"})
+            self.state = self.commentEndBangState
+        elif data == "-":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-dash-after-double-dash-in-comment"})
+            self.currentToken["data"] += data
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-comment-double-dash"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            # XXX
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-comment"})
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "--" + data
+            self.state = self.commentState
+        return True
+
+    def commentEndBangState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data == "-":
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "--!"
+            self.state = self.commentEndDashState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "--!\uFFFD"
+            self.state = self.commentState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-comment-end-bang-state"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["data"] += "--!" + data
+            self.state = self.commentState
+        return True
+
+    def doctypeState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.state = self.beforeDoctypeNameState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-doctype-name-but-got-eof"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "need-space-after-doctype"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.beforeDoctypeNameState
+        return True
+
+    def beforeDoctypeNameState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            pass
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-doctype-name-but-got-right-bracket"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["name"] = "\uFFFD"
+            self.state = self.doctypeNameState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-doctype-name-but-got-eof"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["name"] = data
+            self.state = self.doctypeNameState
+        return True
+
+    def doctypeNameState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.currentToken["name"] = self.currentToken["name"].translate(asciiUpper2Lower)
+            self.state = self.afterDoctypeNameState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.currentToken["name"] = self.currentToken["name"].translate(asciiUpper2Lower)
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["name"] += "\uFFFD"
+            self.state = self.doctypeNameState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype-name"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.currentToken["name"] = self.currentToken["name"].translate(asciiUpper2Lower)
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["name"] += data
+        return True
+
+    def afterDoctypeNameState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            pass
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            if data in ("p", "P"):
+                matched = True
+                for expected in (("u", "U"), ("b", "B"), ("l", "L"),
+                                 ("i", "I"), ("c", "C")):
+                    data = self.stream.char()
+                    if data not in expected:
+                        matched = False
+                        break
+                if matched:
+                    self.state = self.afterDoctypePublicKeywordState
+                    return True
+            elif data in ("s", "S"):
+                matched = True
+                for expected in (("y", "Y"), ("s", "S"), ("t", "T"),
+                                 ("e", "E"), ("m", "M")):
+                    data = self.stream.char()
+                    if data not in expected:
+                        matched = False
+                        break
+                if matched:
+                    self.state = self.afterDoctypeSystemKeywordState
+                    return True
+
+            # All the characters read before the current 'data' will be
+            # [a-zA-Z], so they're garbage in the bogus doctype and can be
+            # discarded; only the latest character might be '>' or EOF
+            # and needs to be ungetted
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "expected-space-or-right-bracket-in-doctype", "datavars":
+                                    {"data": data}})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.state = self.bogusDoctypeState
+
+        return True
+
+    def afterDoctypePublicKeywordState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.state = self.beforeDoctypePublicIdentifierState
+        elif data in ("'", '"'):
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.beforeDoctypePublicIdentifierState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.beforeDoctypePublicIdentifierState
+        return True
+
+    def beforeDoctypePublicIdentifierState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            pass
+        elif data == "\"":
+            self.currentToken["publicId"] = ""
+            self.state = self.doctypePublicIdentifierDoubleQuotedState
+        elif data == "'":
+            self.currentToken["publicId"] = ""
+            self.state = self.doctypePublicIdentifierSingleQuotedState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-end-of-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.state = self.bogusDoctypeState
+        return True
+
+    def doctypePublicIdentifierDoubleQuotedState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "\"":
+            self.state = self.afterDoctypePublicIdentifierState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["publicId"] += "\uFFFD"
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-end-of-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["publicId"] += data
+        return True
+
+    def doctypePublicIdentifierSingleQuotedState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "'":
+            self.state = self.afterDoctypePublicIdentifierState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["publicId"] += "\uFFFD"
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-end-of-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["publicId"] += data
+        return True
+
+    def afterDoctypePublicIdentifierState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.state = self.betweenDoctypePublicAndSystemIdentifiersState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data == '"':
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] = ""
+            self.state = self.doctypeSystemIdentifierDoubleQuotedState
+        elif data == "'":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] = ""
+            self.state = self.doctypeSystemIdentifierSingleQuotedState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.state = self.bogusDoctypeState
+        return True
+
+    def betweenDoctypePublicAndSystemIdentifiersState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            pass
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data == '"':
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] = ""
+            self.state = self.doctypeSystemIdentifierDoubleQuotedState
+        elif data == "'":
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] = ""
+            self.state = self.doctypeSystemIdentifierSingleQuotedState
+        elif data == EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.state = self.bogusDoctypeState
+        return True
+
+    def afterDoctypeSystemKeywordState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            self.state = self.beforeDoctypeSystemIdentifierState
+        elif data in ("'", '"'):
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.beforeDoctypeSystemIdentifierState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.state = self.beforeDoctypeSystemIdentifierState
+        return True
+
+    def beforeDoctypeSystemIdentifierState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            pass
+        elif data == "\"":
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] = ""
+            self.state = self.doctypeSystemIdentifierDoubleQuotedState
+        elif data == "'":
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] = ""
+            self.state = self.doctypeSystemIdentifierSingleQuotedState
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.state = self.bogusDoctypeState
+        return True
+
+    def doctypeSystemIdentifierDoubleQuotedState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "\"":
+            self.state = self.afterDoctypeSystemIdentifierState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] += "\uFFFD"
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-end-of-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] += data
+        return True
+
+    def doctypeSystemIdentifierSingleQuotedState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == "'":
+            self.state = self.afterDoctypeSystemIdentifierState
+        elif data == "\u0000":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                    "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] += "\uFFFD"
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-end-of-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.currentToken["systemId"] += data
+        return True
+
+    def afterDoctypeSystemIdentifierState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data in spaceCharacters:
+            pass
+        elif data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "eof-in-doctype"})
+            self.currentToken["correct"] = False
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"], "data":
+                                    "unexpected-char-in-doctype"})
+            self.state = self.bogusDoctypeState
+        return True
+
+    def bogusDoctypeState(self):
+        data = self.stream.char()
+        if data == ">":
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        elif data is EOF:
+            # XXX EMIT
+            self.stream.unget(data)
+            self.tokenQueue.append(self.currentToken)
+            self.state = self.dataState
+        else:
+            pass
+        return True
+
+    def cdataSectionState(self):
+        data = []
+        while True:
+            data.append(self.stream.charsUntil("]"))
+            data.append(self.stream.charsUntil(">"))
+            char = self.stream.char()
+            if char == EOF:
+                break
+            else:
+                assert char == ">"
+                if data[-1][-2:] == "]]":
+                    data[-1] = data[-1][:-2]
+                    break
+                else:
+                    data.append(char)
+
+        data = "".join(data)  # pylint:disable=redefined-variable-type
+        # Deal with null here rather than in the parser
+        nullCount = data.count("\u0000")
+        if nullCount > 0:
+            for _ in range(nullCount):
+                self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["ParseError"],
+                                        "data": "invalid-codepoint"})
+            data = data.replace("\u0000", "\uFFFD")
+        if data:
+            self.tokenQueue.append({"type": tokenTypes["Characters"],
+                                    "data": data})
+        self.state = self.dataState
+        return True
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_trie/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_trie/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07bad5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_trie/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from .py import Trie
+
+__all__ = ["Trie"]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_trie/_base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_trie/_base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b71975
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_trie/_base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+try:
+    from collections.abc import Mapping
+except ImportError:  # Python 2.7
+    from collections import Mapping
+
+
+class Trie(Mapping):
+    """Abstract base class for tries"""
+
+    def keys(self, prefix=None):
+        # pylint:disable=arguments-differ
+        keys = super(Trie, self).keys()
+
+        if prefix is None:
+            return set(keys)
+
+        return {x for x in keys if x.startswith(prefix)}
+
+    def has_keys_with_prefix(self, prefix):
+        for key in self.keys():
+            if key.startswith(prefix):
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def longest_prefix(self, prefix):
+        if prefix in self:
+            return prefix
+
+        for i in range(1, len(prefix) + 1):
+            if prefix[:-i] in self:
+                return prefix[:-i]
+
+        raise KeyError(prefix)
+
+    def longest_prefix_item(self, prefix):
+        lprefix = self.longest_prefix(prefix)
+        return (lprefix, self[lprefix])
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_trie/py.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_trie/py.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c178b21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_trie/py.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+from pip._vendor.six import text_type
+
+from bisect import bisect_left
+
+from ._base import Trie as ABCTrie
+
+
+class Trie(ABCTrie):
+    def __init__(self, data):
+        if not all(isinstance(x, text_type) for x in data.keys()):
+            raise TypeError("All keys must be strings")
+
+        self._data = data
+        self._keys = sorted(data.keys())
+        self._cachestr = ""
+        self._cachepoints = (0, len(data))
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return key in self._data
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._data)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._data)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return self._data[key]
+
+    def keys(self, prefix=None):
+        if prefix is None or prefix == "" or not self._keys:
+            return set(self._keys)
+
+        if prefix.startswith(self._cachestr):
+            lo, hi = self._cachepoints
+            start = i = bisect_left(self._keys, prefix, lo, hi)
+        else:
+            start = i = bisect_left(self._keys, prefix)
+
+        keys = set()
+        if start == len(self._keys):
+            return keys
+
+        while self._keys[i].startswith(prefix):
+            keys.add(self._keys[i])
+            i += 1
+
+        self._cachestr = prefix
+        self._cachepoints = (start, i)
+
+        return keys
+
+    def has_keys_with_prefix(self, prefix):
+        if prefix in self._data:
+            return True
+
+        if prefix.startswith(self._cachestr):
+            lo, hi = self._cachepoints
+            i = bisect_left(self._keys, prefix, lo, hi)
+        else:
+            i = bisect_left(self._keys, prefix)
+
+        if i == len(self._keys):
+            return False
+
+        return self._keys[i].startswith(prefix)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7c4926
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from types import ModuleType
+
+try:
+    from collections.abc import Mapping
+except ImportError:
+    from collections import Mapping
+
+from pip._vendor.six import text_type, PY3
+
+if PY3:
+    import xml.etree.ElementTree as default_etree
+else:
+    try:
+        import xml.etree.cElementTree as default_etree
+    except ImportError:
+        import xml.etree.ElementTree as default_etree
+
+
+__all__ = ["default_etree", "MethodDispatcher", "isSurrogatePair",
+           "surrogatePairToCodepoint", "moduleFactoryFactory",
+           "supports_lone_surrogates"]
+
+
+# Platforms not supporting lone surrogates (\uD800-\uDFFF) should be
+# caught by the below test. In general this would be any platform
+# using UTF-16 as its encoding of unicode strings, such as
+# Jython. This is because UTF-16 itself is based on the use of such
+# surrogates, and there is no mechanism to further escape such
+# escapes.
+try:
+    _x = eval('"\\uD800"')  # pylint:disable=eval-used
+    if not isinstance(_x, text_type):
+        # We need this with u"" because of http://bugs.jython.org/issue2039
+        _x = eval('u"\\uD800"')  # pylint:disable=eval-used
+        assert isinstance(_x, text_type)
+except Exception:
+    supports_lone_surrogates = False
+else:
+    supports_lone_surrogates = True
+
+
+class MethodDispatcher(dict):
+    """Dict with 2 special properties:
+
+    On initiation, keys that are lists, sets or tuples are converted to
+    multiple keys so accessing any one of the items in the original
+    list-like object returns the matching value
+
+    md = MethodDispatcher({("foo", "bar"):"baz"})
+    md["foo"] == "baz"
+
+    A default value which can be set through the default attribute.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, items=()):
+        _dictEntries = []
+        for name, value in items:
+            if isinstance(name, (list, tuple, frozenset, set)):
+                for item in name:
+                    _dictEntries.append((item, value))
+            else:
+                _dictEntries.append((name, value))
+        dict.__init__(self, _dictEntries)
+        assert len(self) == len(_dictEntries)
+        self.default = None
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return dict.get(self, key, self.default)
+
+    def __get__(self, instance, owner=None):
+        return BoundMethodDispatcher(instance, self)
+
+
+class BoundMethodDispatcher(Mapping):
+    """Wraps a MethodDispatcher, binding its return values to `instance`"""
+    def __init__(self, instance, dispatcher):
+        self.instance = instance
+        self.dispatcher = dispatcher
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        # see https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#object.__get__
+        # on a function, __get__ is used to bind a function to an instance as a bound method
+        return self.dispatcher[key].__get__(self.instance)
+
+    def get(self, key, default):
+        if key in self.dispatcher:
+            return self[key]
+        else:
+            return default
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.dispatcher)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.dispatcher)
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return key in self.dispatcher
+
+
+# Some utility functions to deal with weirdness around UCS2 vs UCS4
+# python builds
+
+def isSurrogatePair(data):
+    return (len(data) == 2 and
+            ord(data[0]) >= 0xD800 and ord(data[0]) <= 0xDBFF and
+            ord(data[1]) >= 0xDC00 and ord(data[1]) <= 0xDFFF)
+
+
+def surrogatePairToCodepoint(data):
+    char_val = (0x10000 + (ord(data[0]) - 0xD800) * 0x400 +
+                (ord(data[1]) - 0xDC00))
+    return char_val
+
+# Module Factory Factory (no, this isn't Java, I know)
+# Here to stop this being duplicated all over the place.
+
+
+def moduleFactoryFactory(factory):
+    moduleCache = {}
+
+    def moduleFactory(baseModule, *args, **kwargs):
+        if isinstance(ModuleType.__name__, type("")):
+            name = "_%s_factory" % baseModule.__name__
+        else:
+            name = b"_%s_factory" % baseModule.__name__
+
+        kwargs_tuple = tuple(kwargs.items())
+
+        try:
+            return moduleCache[name][args][kwargs_tuple]
+        except KeyError:
+            mod = ModuleType(name)
+            objs = factory(baseModule, *args, **kwargs)
+            mod.__dict__.update(objs)
+            if "name" not in moduleCache:
+                moduleCache[name] = {}
+            if "args" not in moduleCache[name]:
+                moduleCache[name][args] = {}
+            if "kwargs" not in moduleCache[name][args]:
+                moduleCache[name][args][kwargs_tuple] = {}
+            moduleCache[name][args][kwargs_tuple] = mod
+            return mod
+
+    return moduleFactory
+
+
+def memoize(func):
+    cache = {}
+
+    def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
+        key = (tuple(args), tuple(kwargs.items()))
+        if key not in cache:
+            cache[key] = func(*args, **kwargs)
+        return cache[key]
+
+    return wrapped
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/constants.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/constants.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe3e237
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/constants.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2946 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+import string
+
+EOF = None
+
+E = {
+    "null-character":
+        "Null character in input stream, replaced with U+FFFD.",
+    "invalid-codepoint":
+        "Invalid codepoint in stream.",
+    "incorrectly-placed-solidus":
+        "Solidus (/) incorrectly placed in tag.",
+    "incorrect-cr-newline-entity":
+        "Incorrect CR newline entity, replaced with LF.",
+    "illegal-windows-1252-entity":
+        "Entity used with illegal number (windows-1252 reference).",
+    "cant-convert-numeric-entity":
+        "Numeric entity couldn't be converted to character "
+        "(codepoint U+%(charAsInt)08x).",
+    "illegal-codepoint-for-numeric-entity":
+        "Numeric entity represents an illegal codepoint: "
+        "U+%(charAsInt)08x.",
+    "numeric-entity-without-semicolon":
+        "Numeric entity didn't end with ';'.",
+    "expected-numeric-entity-but-got-eof":
+        "Numeric entity expected. Got end of file instead.",
+    "expected-numeric-entity":
+        "Numeric entity expected but none found.",
+    "named-entity-without-semicolon":
+        "Named entity didn't end with ';'.",
+    "expected-named-entity":
+        "Named entity expected. Got none.",
+    "attributes-in-end-tag":
+        "End tag contains unexpected attributes.",
+    'self-closing-flag-on-end-tag':
+        "End tag contains unexpected self-closing flag.",
+    "expected-tag-name-but-got-right-bracket":
+        "Expected tag name. Got '>' instead.",
+    "expected-tag-name-but-got-question-mark":
+        "Expected tag name. Got '?' instead. (HTML doesn't "
+        "support processing instructions.)",
+    "expected-tag-name":
+        "Expected tag name. Got something else instead",
+    "expected-closing-tag-but-got-right-bracket":
+        "Expected closing tag. Got '>' instead. Ignoring '</>'.",
+    "expected-closing-tag-but-got-eof":
+        "Expected closing tag. Unexpected end of file.",
+    "expected-closing-tag-but-got-char":
+        "Expected closing tag. Unexpected character '%(data)s' found.",
+    "eof-in-tag-name":
+        "Unexpected end of file in the tag name.",
+    "expected-attribute-name-but-got-eof":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected attribute name instead.",
+    "eof-in-attribute-name":
+        "Unexpected end of file in attribute name.",
+    "invalid-character-in-attribute-name":
+        "Invalid character in attribute name",
+    "duplicate-attribute":
+        "Dropped duplicate attribute on tag.",
+    "expected-end-of-tag-name-but-got-eof":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected = or end of tag.",
+    "expected-attribute-value-but-got-eof":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected attribute value.",
+    "expected-attribute-value-but-got-right-bracket":
+        "Expected attribute value. Got '>' instead.",
+    'equals-in-unquoted-attribute-value':
+        "Unexpected = in unquoted attribute",
+    'unexpected-character-in-unquoted-attribute-value':
+        "Unexpected character in unquoted attribute",
+    "invalid-character-after-attribute-name":
+        "Unexpected character after attribute name.",
+    "unexpected-character-after-attribute-value":
+        "Unexpected character after attribute value.",
+    "eof-in-attribute-value-double-quote":
+        "Unexpected end of file in attribute value (\").",
+    "eof-in-attribute-value-single-quote":
+        "Unexpected end of file in attribute value (').",
+    "eof-in-attribute-value-no-quotes":
+        "Unexpected end of file in attribute value.",
+    "unexpected-EOF-after-solidus-in-tag":
+        "Unexpected end of file in tag. Expected >",
+    "unexpected-character-after-solidus-in-tag":
+        "Unexpected character after / in tag. Expected >",
+    "expected-dashes-or-doctype":
+        "Expected '--' or 'DOCTYPE'. Not found.",
+    "unexpected-bang-after-double-dash-in-comment":
+        "Unexpected ! after -- in comment",
+    "unexpected-space-after-double-dash-in-comment":
+        "Unexpected space after -- in comment",
+    "incorrect-comment":
+        "Incorrect comment.",
+    "eof-in-comment":
+        "Unexpected end of file in comment.",
+    "eof-in-comment-end-dash":
+        "Unexpected end of file in comment (-)",
+    "unexpected-dash-after-double-dash-in-comment":
+        "Unexpected '-' after '--' found in comment.",
+    "eof-in-comment-double-dash":
+        "Unexpected end of file in comment (--).",
+    "eof-in-comment-end-space-state":
+        "Unexpected end of file in comment.",
+    "eof-in-comment-end-bang-state":
+        "Unexpected end of file in comment.",
+    "unexpected-char-in-comment":
+        "Unexpected character in comment found.",
+    "need-space-after-doctype":
+        "No space after literal string 'DOCTYPE'.",
+    "expected-doctype-name-but-got-right-bracket":
+        "Unexpected > character. Expected DOCTYPE name.",
+    "expected-doctype-name-but-got-eof":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected DOCTYPE name.",
+    "eof-in-doctype-name":
+        "Unexpected end of file in DOCTYPE name.",
+    "eof-in-doctype":
+        "Unexpected end of file in DOCTYPE.",
+    "expected-space-or-right-bracket-in-doctype":
+        "Expected space or '>'. Got '%(data)s'",
+    "unexpected-end-of-doctype":
+        "Unexpected end of DOCTYPE.",
+    "unexpected-char-in-doctype":
+        "Unexpected character in DOCTYPE.",
+    "eof-in-innerhtml":
+        "XXX innerHTML EOF",
+    "unexpected-doctype":
+        "Unexpected DOCTYPE. Ignored.",
+    "non-html-root":
+        "html needs to be the first start tag.",
+    "expected-doctype-but-got-eof":
+        "Unexpected End of file. Expected DOCTYPE.",
+    "unknown-doctype":
+        "Erroneous DOCTYPE.",
+    "expected-doctype-but-got-chars":
+        "Unexpected non-space characters. Expected DOCTYPE.",
+    "expected-doctype-but-got-start-tag":
+        "Unexpected start tag (%(name)s). Expected DOCTYPE.",
+    "expected-doctype-but-got-end-tag":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s). Expected DOCTYPE.",
+    "end-tag-after-implied-root":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s) after the (implied) root element.",
+    "expected-named-closing-tag-but-got-eof":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected end tag (%(name)s).",
+    "two-heads-are-not-better-than-one":
+        "Unexpected start tag head in existing head. Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-end-tag":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s). Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-start-tag-out-of-my-head":
+        "Unexpected start tag (%(name)s) that can be in head. Moved.",
+    "unexpected-start-tag":
+        "Unexpected start tag (%(name)s).",
+    "missing-end-tag":
+        "Missing end tag (%(name)s).",
+    "missing-end-tags":
+        "Missing end tags (%(name)s).",
+    "unexpected-start-tag-implies-end-tag":
+        "Unexpected start tag (%(startName)s) "
+        "implies end tag (%(endName)s).",
+    "unexpected-start-tag-treated-as":
+        "Unexpected start tag (%(originalName)s). Treated as %(newName)s.",
+    "deprecated-tag":
+        "Unexpected start tag %(name)s. Don't use it!",
+    "unexpected-start-tag-ignored":
+        "Unexpected start tag %(name)s. Ignored.",
+    "expected-one-end-tag-but-got-another":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(gotName)s). "
+        "Missing end tag (%(expectedName)s).",
+    "end-tag-too-early":
+        "End tag (%(name)s) seen too early. Expected other end tag.",
+    "end-tag-too-early-named":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(gotName)s). Expected end tag (%(expectedName)s).",
+    "end-tag-too-early-ignored":
+        "End tag (%(name)s) seen too early. Ignored.",
+    "adoption-agency-1.1":
+        "End tag (%(name)s) violates step 1, "
+        "paragraph 1 of the adoption agency algorithm.",
+    "adoption-agency-1.2":
+        "End tag (%(name)s) violates step 1, "
+        "paragraph 2 of the adoption agency algorithm.",
+    "adoption-agency-1.3":
+        "End tag (%(name)s) violates step 1, "
+        "paragraph 3 of the adoption agency algorithm.",
+    "adoption-agency-4.4":
+        "End tag (%(name)s) violates step 4, "
+        "paragraph 4 of the adoption agency algorithm.",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-treated-as":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(originalName)s). Treated as %(newName)s.",
+    "no-end-tag":
+        "This element (%(name)s) has no end tag.",
+    "unexpected-implied-end-tag-in-table":
+        "Unexpected implied end tag (%(name)s) in the table phase.",
+    "unexpected-implied-end-tag-in-table-body":
+        "Unexpected implied end tag (%(name)s) in the table body phase.",
+    "unexpected-char-implies-table-voodoo":
+        "Unexpected non-space characters in "
+        "table context caused voodoo mode.",
+    "unexpected-hidden-input-in-table":
+        "Unexpected input with type hidden in table context.",
+    "unexpected-form-in-table":
+        "Unexpected form in table context.",
+    "unexpected-start-tag-implies-table-voodoo":
+        "Unexpected start tag (%(name)s) in "
+        "table context caused voodoo mode.",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-implies-table-voodoo":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s) in "
+        "table context caused voodoo mode.",
+    "unexpected-cell-in-table-body":
+        "Unexpected table cell start tag (%(name)s) "
+        "in the table body phase.",
+    "unexpected-cell-end-tag":
+        "Got table cell end tag (%(name)s) "
+        "while required end tags are missing.",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-in-table-body":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s) in the table body phase. Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-implied-end-tag-in-table-row":
+        "Unexpected implied end tag (%(name)s) in the table row phase.",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-in-table-row":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s) in the table row phase. Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-select-in-select":
+        "Unexpected select start tag in the select phase "
+        "treated as select end tag.",
+    "unexpected-input-in-select":
+        "Unexpected input start tag in the select phase.",
+    "unexpected-start-tag-in-select":
+        "Unexpected start tag token (%(name)s in the select phase. "
+        "Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-in-select":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s) in the select phase. Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-table-element-start-tag-in-select-in-table":
+        "Unexpected table element start tag (%(name)s) in the select in table phase.",
+    "unexpected-table-element-end-tag-in-select-in-table":
+        "Unexpected table element end tag (%(name)s) in the select in table phase.",
+    "unexpected-char-after-body":
+        "Unexpected non-space characters in the after body phase.",
+    "unexpected-start-tag-after-body":
+        "Unexpected start tag token (%(name)s)"
+        " in the after body phase.",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-after-body":
+        "Unexpected end tag token (%(name)s)"
+        " in the after body phase.",
+    "unexpected-char-in-frameset":
+        "Unexpected characters in the frameset phase. Characters ignored.",
+    "unexpected-start-tag-in-frameset":
+        "Unexpected start tag token (%(name)s)"
+        " in the frameset phase. Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-frameset-in-frameset-innerhtml":
+        "Unexpected end tag token (frameset) "
+        "in the frameset phase (innerHTML).",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-in-frameset":
+        "Unexpected end tag token (%(name)s)"
+        " in the frameset phase. Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-char-after-frameset":
+        "Unexpected non-space characters in the "
+        "after frameset phase. Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-start-tag-after-frameset":
+        "Unexpected start tag (%(name)s)"
+        " in the after frameset phase. Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-after-frameset":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s)"
+        " in the after frameset phase. Ignored.",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-after-body-innerhtml":
+        "Unexpected end tag after body(innerHtml)",
+    "expected-eof-but-got-char":
+        "Unexpected non-space characters. Expected end of file.",
+    "expected-eof-but-got-start-tag":
+        "Unexpected start tag (%(name)s)"
+        ". Expected end of file.",
+    "expected-eof-but-got-end-tag":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s)"
+        ". Expected end of file.",
+    "eof-in-table":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected table content.",
+    "eof-in-select":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected select content.",
+    "eof-in-frameset":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected frameset content.",
+    "eof-in-script-in-script":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected script content.",
+    "eof-in-foreign-lands":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected foreign content",
+    "non-void-element-with-trailing-solidus":
+        "Trailing solidus not allowed on element %(name)s",
+    "unexpected-html-element-in-foreign-content":
+        "Element %(name)s not allowed in a non-html context",
+    "unexpected-end-tag-before-html":
+        "Unexpected end tag (%(name)s) before html.",
+    "unexpected-inhead-noscript-tag":
+        "Element %(name)s not allowed in a inhead-noscript context",
+    "eof-in-head-noscript":
+        "Unexpected end of file. Expected inhead-noscript content",
+    "char-in-head-noscript":
+        "Unexpected non-space character. Expected inhead-noscript content",
+    "XXX-undefined-error":
+        "Undefined error (this sucks and should be fixed)",
+}
+
+namespaces = {
+    "html": "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml",
+    "mathml": "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML",
+    "svg": "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",
+    "xlink": "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
+    "xml": "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace",
+    "xmlns": "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"
+}
+
+scopingElements = frozenset([
+    (namespaces["html"], "applet"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "caption"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "html"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "marquee"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "object"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "table"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "td"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "th"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "mi"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "mo"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "mn"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "ms"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "mtext"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "annotation-xml"),
+    (namespaces["svg"], "foreignObject"),
+    (namespaces["svg"], "desc"),
+    (namespaces["svg"], "title"),
+])
+
+formattingElements = frozenset([
+    (namespaces["html"], "a"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "b"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "big"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "code"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "em"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "font"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "i"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "nobr"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "s"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "small"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "strike"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "strong"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "tt"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "u")
+])
+
+specialElements = frozenset([
+    (namespaces["html"], "address"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "applet"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "area"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "article"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "aside"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "base"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "basefont"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "bgsound"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "blockquote"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "body"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "br"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "button"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "caption"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "center"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "col"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "colgroup"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "command"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "dd"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "details"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "dir"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "div"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "dl"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "dt"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "embed"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "fieldset"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "figure"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "footer"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "form"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "frame"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "frameset"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "h1"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "h2"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "h3"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "h4"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "h5"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "h6"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "head"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "header"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "hr"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "html"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "iframe"),
+    # Note that image is commented out in the spec as "this isn't an
+    # element that can end up on the stack, so it doesn't matter,"
+    (namespaces["html"], "image"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "img"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "input"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "isindex"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "li"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "link"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "listing"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "marquee"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "menu"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "meta"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "nav"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "noembed"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "noframes"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "noscript"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "object"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "ol"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "p"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "param"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "plaintext"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "pre"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "script"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "section"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "select"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "style"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "table"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "tbody"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "td"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "textarea"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "tfoot"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "th"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "thead"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "title"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "tr"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "ul"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "wbr"),
+    (namespaces["html"], "xmp"),
+    (namespaces["svg"], "foreignObject")
+])
+
+htmlIntegrationPointElements = frozenset([
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "annotation-xml"),
+    (namespaces["svg"], "foreignObject"),
+    (namespaces["svg"], "desc"),
+    (namespaces["svg"], "title")
+])
+
+mathmlTextIntegrationPointElements = frozenset([
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "mi"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "mo"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "mn"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "ms"),
+    (namespaces["mathml"], "mtext")
+])
+
+adjustSVGAttributes = {
+    "attributename": "attributeName",
+    "attributetype": "attributeType",
+    "basefrequency": "baseFrequency",
+    "baseprofile": "baseProfile",
+    "calcmode": "calcMode",
+    "clippathunits": "clipPathUnits",
+    "contentscripttype": "contentScriptType",
+    "contentstyletype": "contentStyleType",
+    "diffuseconstant": "diffuseConstant",
+    "edgemode": "edgeMode",
+    "externalresourcesrequired": "externalResourcesRequired",
+    "filterres": "filterRes",
+    "filterunits": "filterUnits",
+    "glyphref": "glyphRef",
+    "gradienttransform": "gradientTransform",
+    "gradientunits": "gradientUnits",
+    "kernelmatrix": "kernelMatrix",
+    "kernelunitlength": "kernelUnitLength",
+    "keypoints": "keyPoints",
+    "keysplines": "keySplines",
+    "keytimes": "keyTimes",
+    "lengthadjust": "lengthAdjust",
+    "limitingconeangle": "limitingConeAngle",
+    "markerheight": "markerHeight",
+    "markerunits": "markerUnits",
+    "markerwidth": "markerWidth",
+    "maskcontentunits": "maskContentUnits",
+    "maskunits": "maskUnits",
+    "numoctaves": "numOctaves",
+    "pathlength": "pathLength",
+    "patterncontentunits": "patternContentUnits",
+    "patterntransform": "patternTransform",
+    "patternunits": "patternUnits",
+    "pointsatx": "pointsAtX",
+    "pointsaty": "pointsAtY",
+    "pointsatz": "pointsAtZ",
+    "preservealpha": "preserveAlpha",
+    "preserveaspectratio": "preserveAspectRatio",
+    "primitiveunits": "primitiveUnits",
+    "refx": "refX",
+    "refy": "refY",
+    "repeatcount": "repeatCount",
+    "repeatdur": "repeatDur",
+    "requiredextensions": "requiredExtensions",
+    "requiredfeatures": "requiredFeatures",
+    "specularconstant": "specularConstant",
+    "specularexponent": "specularExponent",
+    "spreadmethod": "spreadMethod",
+    "startoffset": "startOffset",
+    "stddeviation": "stdDeviation",
+    "stitchtiles": "stitchTiles",
+    "surfacescale": "surfaceScale",
+    "systemlanguage": "systemLanguage",
+    "tablevalues": "tableValues",
+    "targetx": "targetX",
+    "targety": "targetY",
+    "textlength": "textLength",
+    "viewbox": "viewBox",
+    "viewtarget": "viewTarget",
+    "xchannelselector": "xChannelSelector",
+    "ychannelselector": "yChannelSelector",
+    "zoomandpan": "zoomAndPan"
+}
+
+adjustMathMLAttributes = {"definitionurl": "definitionURL"}
+
+adjustForeignAttributes = {
+    "xlink:actuate": ("xlink", "actuate", namespaces["xlink"]),
+    "xlink:arcrole": ("xlink", "arcrole", namespaces["xlink"]),
+    "xlink:href": ("xlink", "href", namespaces["xlink"]),
+    "xlink:role": ("xlink", "role", namespaces["xlink"]),
+    "xlink:show": ("xlink", "show", namespaces["xlink"]),
+    "xlink:title": ("xlink", "title", namespaces["xlink"]),
+    "xlink:type": ("xlink", "type", namespaces["xlink"]),
+    "xml:base": ("xml", "base", namespaces["xml"]),
+    "xml:lang": ("xml", "lang", namespaces["xml"]),
+    "xml:space": ("xml", "space", namespaces["xml"]),
+    "xmlns": (None, "xmlns", namespaces["xmlns"]),
+    "xmlns:xlink": ("xmlns", "xlink", namespaces["xmlns"])
+}
+
+unadjustForeignAttributes = {(ns, local): qname for qname, (prefix, local, ns) in
+                             adjustForeignAttributes.items()}
+
+spaceCharacters = frozenset([
+    "\t",
+    "\n",
+    "\u000C",
+    " ",
+    "\r"
+])
+
+tableInsertModeElements = frozenset([
+    "table",
+    "tbody",
+    "tfoot",
+    "thead",
+    "tr"
+])
+
+asciiLowercase = frozenset(string.ascii_lowercase)
+asciiUppercase = frozenset(string.ascii_uppercase)
+asciiLetters = frozenset(string.ascii_letters)
+digits = frozenset(string.digits)
+hexDigits = frozenset(string.hexdigits)
+
+asciiUpper2Lower = {ord(c): ord(c.lower()) for c in string.ascii_uppercase}
+
+# Heading elements need to be ordered
+headingElements = (
+    "h1",
+    "h2",
+    "h3",
+    "h4",
+    "h5",
+    "h6"
+)
+
+voidElements = frozenset([
+    "base",
+    "command",
+    "event-source",
+    "link",
+    "meta",
+    "hr",
+    "br",
+    "img",
+    "embed",
+    "param",
+    "area",
+    "col",
+    "input",
+    "source",
+    "track"
+])
+
+cdataElements = frozenset(['title', 'textarea'])
+
+rcdataElements = frozenset([
+    'style',
+    'script',
+    'xmp',
+    'iframe',
+    'noembed',
+    'noframes',
+    'noscript'
+])
+
+booleanAttributes = {
+    "": frozenset(["irrelevant", "itemscope"]),
+    "style": frozenset(["scoped"]),
+    "img": frozenset(["ismap"]),
+    "audio": frozenset(["autoplay", "controls"]),
+    "video": frozenset(["autoplay", "controls"]),
+    "script": frozenset(["defer", "async"]),
+    "details": frozenset(["open"]),
+    "datagrid": frozenset(["multiple", "disabled"]),
+    "command": frozenset(["hidden", "disabled", "checked", "default"]),
+    "hr": frozenset(["noshade"]),
+    "menu": frozenset(["autosubmit"]),
+    "fieldset": frozenset(["disabled", "readonly"]),
+    "option": frozenset(["disabled", "readonly", "selected"]),
+    "optgroup": frozenset(["disabled", "readonly"]),
+    "button": frozenset(["disabled", "autofocus"]),
+    "input": frozenset(["disabled", "readonly", "required", "autofocus", "checked", "ismap"]),
+    "select": frozenset(["disabled", "readonly", "autofocus", "multiple"]),
+    "output": frozenset(["disabled", "readonly"]),
+    "iframe": frozenset(["seamless"]),
+}
+
+# entitiesWindows1252 has to be _ordered_ and needs to have an index. It
+# therefore can't be a frozenset.
+entitiesWindows1252 = (
+    8364,   # 0x80  0x20AC  EURO SIGN
+    65533,  # 0x81          UNDEFINED
+    8218,   # 0x82  0x201A  SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK
+    402,    # 0x83  0x0192  LATIN SMALL LETTER F WITH HOOK
+    8222,   # 0x84  0x201E  DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK
+    8230,   # 0x85  0x2026  HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS
+    8224,   # 0x86  0x2020  DAGGER
+    8225,   # 0x87  0x2021  DOUBLE DAGGER
+    710,    # 0x88  0x02C6  MODIFIER LETTER CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT
+    8240,   # 0x89  0x2030  PER MILLE SIGN
+    352,    # 0x8A  0x0160  LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH CARON
+    8249,   # 0x8B  0x2039  SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
+    338,    # 0x8C  0x0152  LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE
+    65533,  # 0x8D          UNDEFINED
+    381,    # 0x8E  0x017D  LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH CARON
+    65533,  # 0x8F          UNDEFINED
+    65533,  # 0x90          UNDEFINED
+    8216,   # 0x91  0x2018  LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK
+    8217,   # 0x92  0x2019  RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK
+    8220,   # 0x93  0x201C  LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK
+    8221,   # 0x94  0x201D  RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK
+    8226,   # 0x95  0x2022  BULLET
+    8211,   # 0x96  0x2013  EN DASH
+    8212,   # 0x97  0x2014  EM DASH
+    732,    # 0x98  0x02DC  SMALL TILDE
+    8482,   # 0x99  0x2122  TRADE MARK SIGN
+    353,    # 0x9A  0x0161  LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
+    8250,   # 0x9B  0x203A  SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
+    339,    # 0x9C  0x0153  LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE
+    65533,  # 0x9D          UNDEFINED
+    382,    # 0x9E  0x017E  LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
+    376     # 0x9F  0x0178  LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS
+)
+
+xmlEntities = frozenset(['lt;', 'gt;', 'amp;', 'apos;', 'quot;'])
+
+entities = {
+    "AElig": "\xc6",
+    "AElig;": "\xc6",
+    "AMP": "&",
+    "AMP;": "&",
+    "Aacute": "\xc1",
+    "Aacute;": "\xc1",
+    "Abreve;": "\u0102",
+    "Acirc": "\xc2",
+    "Acirc;": "\xc2",
+    "Acy;": "\u0410",
+    "Afr;": "\U0001d504",
+    "Agrave": "\xc0",
+    "Agrave;": "\xc0",
+    "Alpha;": "\u0391",
+    "Amacr;": "\u0100",
+    "And;": "\u2a53",
+    "Aogon;": "\u0104",
+    "Aopf;": "\U0001d538",
+    "ApplyFunction;": "\u2061",
+    "Aring": "\xc5",
+    "Aring;": "\xc5",
+    "Ascr;": "\U0001d49c",
+    "Assign;": "\u2254",
+    "Atilde": "\xc3",
+    "Atilde;": "\xc3",
+    "Auml": "\xc4",
+    "Auml;": "\xc4",
+    "Backslash;": "\u2216",
+    "Barv;": "\u2ae7",
+    "Barwed;": "\u2306",
+    "Bcy;": "\u0411",
+    "Because;": "\u2235",
+    "Bernoullis;": "\u212c",
+    "Beta;": "\u0392",
+    "Bfr;": "\U0001d505",
+    "Bopf;": "\U0001d539",
+    "Breve;": "\u02d8",
+    "Bscr;": "\u212c",
+    "Bumpeq;": "\u224e",
+    "CHcy;": "\u0427",
+    "COPY": "\xa9",
+    "COPY;": "\xa9",
+    "Cacute;": "\u0106",
+    "Cap;": "\u22d2",
+    "CapitalDifferentialD;": "\u2145",
+    "Cayleys;": "\u212d",
+    "Ccaron;": "\u010c",
+    "Ccedil": "\xc7",
+    "Ccedil;": "\xc7",
+    "Ccirc;": "\u0108",
+    "Cconint;": "\u2230",
+    "Cdot;": "\u010a",
+    "Cedilla;": "\xb8",
+    "CenterDot;": "\xb7",
+    "Cfr;": "\u212d",
+    "Chi;": "\u03a7",
+    "CircleDot;": "\u2299",
+    "CircleMinus;": "\u2296",
+    "CirclePlus;": "\u2295",
+    "CircleTimes;": "\u2297",
+    "ClockwiseContourIntegral;": "\u2232",
+    "CloseCurlyDoubleQuote;": "\u201d",
+    "CloseCurlyQuote;": "\u2019",
+    "Colon;": "\u2237",
+    "Colone;": "\u2a74",
+    "Congruent;": "\u2261",
+    "Conint;": "\u222f",
+    "ContourIntegral;": "\u222e",
+    "Copf;": "\u2102",
+    "Coproduct;": "\u2210",
+    "CounterClockwiseContourIntegral;": "\u2233",
+    "Cross;": "\u2a2f",
+    "Cscr;": "\U0001d49e",
+    "Cup;": "\u22d3",
+    "CupCap;": "\u224d",
+    "DD;": "\u2145",
+    "DDotrahd;": "\u2911",
+    "DJcy;": "\u0402",
+    "DScy;": "\u0405",
+    "DZcy;": "\u040f",
+    "Dagger;": "\u2021",
+    "Darr;": "\u21a1",
+    "Dashv;": "\u2ae4",
+    "Dcaron;": "\u010e",
+    "Dcy;": "\u0414",
+    "Del;": "\u2207",
+    "Delta;": "\u0394",
+    "Dfr;": "\U0001d507",
+    "DiacriticalAcute;": "\xb4",
+    "DiacriticalDot;": "\u02d9",
+    "DiacriticalDoubleAcute;": "\u02dd",
+    "DiacriticalGrave;": "`",
+    "DiacriticalTilde;": "\u02dc",
+    "Diamond;": "\u22c4",
+    "DifferentialD;": "\u2146",
+    "Dopf;": "\U0001d53b",
+    "Dot;": "\xa8",
+    "DotDot;": "\u20dc",
+    "DotEqual;": "\u2250",
+    "DoubleContourIntegral;": "\u222f",
+    "DoubleDot;": "\xa8",
+    "DoubleDownArrow;": "\u21d3",
+    "DoubleLeftArrow;": "\u21d0",
+    "DoubleLeftRightArrow;": "\u21d4",
+    "DoubleLeftTee;": "\u2ae4",
+    "DoubleLongLeftArrow;": "\u27f8",
+    "DoubleLongLeftRightArrow;": "\u27fa",
+    "DoubleLongRightArrow;": "\u27f9",
+    "DoubleRightArrow;": "\u21d2",
+    "DoubleRightTee;": "\u22a8",
+    "DoubleUpArrow;": "\u21d1",
+    "DoubleUpDownArrow;": "\u21d5",
+    "DoubleVerticalBar;": "\u2225",
+    "DownArrow;": "\u2193",
+    "DownArrowBar;": "\u2913",
+    "DownArrowUpArrow;": "\u21f5",
+    "DownBreve;": "\u0311",
+    "DownLeftRightVector;": "\u2950",
+    "DownLeftTeeVector;": "\u295e",
+    "DownLeftVector;": "\u21bd",
+    "DownLeftVectorBar;": "\u2956",
+    "DownRightTeeVector;": "\u295f",
+    "DownRightVector;": "\u21c1",
+    "DownRightVectorBar;": "\u2957",
+    "DownTee;": "\u22a4",
+    "DownTeeArrow;": "\u21a7",
+    "Downarrow;": "\u21d3",
+    "Dscr;": "\U0001d49f",
+    "Dstrok;": "\u0110",
+    "ENG;": "\u014a",
+    "ETH": "\xd0",
+    "ETH;": "\xd0",
+    "Eacute": "\xc9",
+    "Eacute;": "\xc9",
+    "Ecaron;": "\u011a",
+    "Ecirc": "\xca",
+    "Ecirc;": "\xca",
+    "Ecy;": "\u042d",
+    "Edot;": "\u0116",
+    "Efr;": "\U0001d508",
+    "Egrave": "\xc8",
+    "Egrave;": "\xc8",
+    "Element;": "\u2208",
+    "Emacr;": "\u0112",
+    "EmptySmallSquare;": "\u25fb",
+    "EmptyVerySmallSquare;": "\u25ab",
+    "Eogon;": "\u0118",
+    "Eopf;": "\U0001d53c",
+    "Epsilon;": "\u0395",
+    "Equal;": "\u2a75",
+    "EqualTilde;": "\u2242",
+    "Equilibrium;": "\u21cc",
+    "Escr;": "\u2130",
+    "Esim;": "\u2a73",
+    "Eta;": "\u0397",
+    "Euml": "\xcb",
+    "Euml;": "\xcb",
+    "Exists;": "\u2203",
+    "ExponentialE;": "\u2147",
+    "Fcy;": "\u0424",
+    "Ffr;": "\U0001d509",
+    "FilledSmallSquare;": "\u25fc",
+    "FilledVerySmallSquare;": "\u25aa",
+    "Fopf;": "\U0001d53d",
+    "ForAll;": "\u2200",
+    "Fouriertrf;": "\u2131",
+    "Fscr;": "\u2131",
+    "GJcy;": "\u0403",
+    "GT": ">",
+    "GT;": ">",
+    "Gamma;": "\u0393",
+    "Gammad;": "\u03dc",
+    "Gbreve;": "\u011e",
+    "Gcedil;": "\u0122",
+    "Gcirc;": "\u011c",
+    "Gcy;": "\u0413",
+    "Gdot;": "\u0120",
+    "Gfr;": "\U0001d50a",
+    "Gg;": "\u22d9",
+    "Gopf;": "\U0001d53e",
+    "GreaterEqual;": "\u2265",
+    "GreaterEqualLess;": "\u22db",
+    "GreaterFullEqual;": "\u2267",
+    "GreaterGreater;": "\u2aa2",
+    "GreaterLess;": "\u2277",
+    "GreaterSlantEqual;": "\u2a7e",
+    "GreaterTilde;": "\u2273",
+    "Gscr;": "\U0001d4a2",
+    "Gt;": "\u226b",
+    "HARDcy;": "\u042a",
+    "Hacek;": "\u02c7",
+    "Hat;": "^",
+    "Hcirc;": "\u0124",
+    "Hfr;": "\u210c",
+    "HilbertSpace;": "\u210b",
+    "Hopf;": "\u210d",
+    "HorizontalLine;": "\u2500",
+    "Hscr;": "\u210b",
+    "Hstrok;": "\u0126",
+    "HumpDownHump;": "\u224e",
+    "HumpEqual;": "\u224f",
+    "IEcy;": "\u0415",
+    "IJlig;": "\u0132",
+    "IOcy;": "\u0401",
+    "Iacute": "\xcd",
+    "Iacute;": "\xcd",
+    "Icirc": "\xce",
+    "Icirc;": "\xce",
+    "Icy;": "\u0418",
+    "Idot;": "\u0130",
+    "Ifr;": "\u2111",
+    "Igrave": "\xcc",
+    "Igrave;": "\xcc",
+    "Im;": "\u2111",
+    "Imacr;": "\u012a",
+    "ImaginaryI;": "\u2148",
+    "Implies;": "\u21d2",
+    "Int;": "\u222c",
+    "Integral;": "\u222b",
+    "Intersection;": "\u22c2",
+    "InvisibleComma;": "\u2063",
+    "InvisibleTimes;": "\u2062",
+    "Iogon;": "\u012e",
+    "Iopf;": "\U0001d540",
+    "Iota;": "\u0399",
+    "Iscr;": "\u2110",
+    "Itilde;": "\u0128",
+    "Iukcy;": "\u0406",
+    "Iuml": "\xcf",
+    "Iuml;": "\xcf",
+    "Jcirc;": "\u0134",
+    "Jcy;": "\u0419",
+    "Jfr;": "\U0001d50d",
+    "Jopf;": "\U0001d541",
+    "Jscr;": "\U0001d4a5",
+    "Jsercy;": "\u0408",
+    "Jukcy;": "\u0404",
+    "KHcy;": "\u0425",
+    "KJcy;": "\u040c",
+    "Kappa;": "\u039a",
+    "Kcedil;": "\u0136",
+    "Kcy;": "\u041a",
+    "Kfr;": "\U0001d50e",
+    "Kopf;": "\U0001d542",
+    "Kscr;": "\U0001d4a6",
+    "LJcy;": "\u0409",
+    "LT": "<",
+    "LT;": "<",
+    "Lacute;": "\u0139",
+    "Lambda;": "\u039b",
+    "Lang;": "\u27ea",
+    "Laplacetrf;": "\u2112",
+    "Larr;": "\u219e",
+    "Lcaron;": "\u013d",
+    "Lcedil;": "\u013b",
+    "Lcy;": "\u041b",
+    "LeftAngleBracket;": "\u27e8",
+    "LeftArrow;": "\u2190",
+    "LeftArrowBar;": "\u21e4",
+    "LeftArrowRightArrow;": "\u21c6",
+    "LeftCeiling;": "\u2308",
+    "LeftDoubleBracket;": "\u27e6",
+    "LeftDownTeeVector;": "\u2961",
+    "LeftDownVector;": "\u21c3",
+    "LeftDownVectorBar;": "\u2959",
+    "LeftFloor;": "\u230a",
+    "LeftRightArrow;": "\u2194",
+    "LeftRightVector;": "\u294e",
+    "LeftTee;": "\u22a3",
+    "LeftTeeArrow;": "\u21a4",
+    "LeftTeeVector;": "\u295a",
+    "LeftTriangle;": "\u22b2",
+    "LeftTriangleBar;": "\u29cf",
+    "LeftTriangleEqual;": "\u22b4",
+    "LeftUpDownVector;": "\u2951",
+    "LeftUpTeeVector;": "\u2960",
+    "LeftUpVector;": "\u21bf",
+    "LeftUpVectorBar;": "\u2958",
+    "LeftVector;": "\u21bc",
+    "LeftVectorBar;": "\u2952",
+    "Leftarrow;": "\u21d0",
+    "Leftrightarrow;": "\u21d4",
+    "LessEqualGreater;": "\u22da",
+    "LessFullEqual;": "\u2266",
+    "LessGreater;": "\u2276",
+    "LessLess;": "\u2aa1",
+    "LessSlantEqual;": "\u2a7d",
+    "LessTilde;": "\u2272",
+    "Lfr;": "\U0001d50f",
+    "Ll;": "\u22d8",
+    "Lleftarrow;": "\u21da",
+    "Lmidot;": "\u013f",
+    "LongLeftArrow;": "\u27f5",
+    "LongLeftRightArrow;": "\u27f7",
+    "LongRightArrow;": "\u27f6",
+    "Longleftarrow;": "\u27f8",
+    "Longleftrightarrow;": "\u27fa",
+    "Longrightarrow;": "\u27f9",
+    "Lopf;": "\U0001d543",
+    "LowerLeftArrow;": "\u2199",
+    "LowerRightArrow;": "\u2198",
+    "Lscr;": "\u2112",
+    "Lsh;": "\u21b0",
+    "Lstrok;": "\u0141",
+    "Lt;": "\u226a",
+    "Map;": "\u2905",
+    "Mcy;": "\u041c",
+    "MediumSpace;": "\u205f",
+    "Mellintrf;": "\u2133",
+    "Mfr;": "\U0001d510",
+    "MinusPlus;": "\u2213",
+    "Mopf;": "\U0001d544",
+    "Mscr;": "\u2133",
+    "Mu;": "\u039c",
+    "NJcy;": "\u040a",
+    "Nacute;": "\u0143",
+    "Ncaron;": "\u0147",
+    "Ncedil;": "\u0145",
+    "Ncy;": "\u041d",
+    "NegativeMediumSpace;": "\u200b",
+    "NegativeThickSpace;": "\u200b",
+    "NegativeThinSpace;": "\u200b",
+    "NegativeVeryThinSpace;": "\u200b",
+    "NestedGreaterGreater;": "\u226b",
+    "NestedLessLess;": "\u226a",
+    "NewLine;": "\n",
+    "Nfr;": "\U0001d511",
+    "NoBreak;": "\u2060",
+    "NonBreakingSpace;": "\xa0",
+    "Nopf;": "\u2115",
+    "Not;": "\u2aec",
+    "NotCongruent;": "\u2262",
+    "NotCupCap;": "\u226d",
+    "NotDoubleVerticalBar;": "\u2226",
+    "NotElement;": "\u2209",
+    "NotEqual;": "\u2260",
+    "NotEqualTilde;": "\u2242\u0338",
+    "NotExists;": "\u2204",
+    "NotGreater;": "\u226f",
+    "NotGreaterEqual;": "\u2271",
+    "NotGreaterFullEqual;": "\u2267\u0338",
+    "NotGreaterGreater;": "\u226b\u0338",
+    "NotGreaterLess;": "\u2279",
+    "NotGreaterSlantEqual;": "\u2a7e\u0338",
+    "NotGreaterTilde;": "\u2275",
+    "NotHumpDownHump;": "\u224e\u0338",
+    "NotHumpEqual;": "\u224f\u0338",
+    "NotLeftTriangle;": "\u22ea",
+    "NotLeftTriangleBar;": "\u29cf\u0338",
+    "NotLeftTriangleEqual;": "\u22ec",
+    "NotLess;": "\u226e",
+    "NotLessEqual;": "\u2270",
+    "NotLessGreater;": "\u2278",
+    "NotLessLess;": "\u226a\u0338",
+    "NotLessSlantEqual;": "\u2a7d\u0338",
+    "NotLessTilde;": "\u2274",
+    "NotNestedGreaterGreater;": "\u2aa2\u0338",
+    "NotNestedLessLess;": "\u2aa1\u0338",
+    "NotPrecedes;": "\u2280",
+    "NotPrecedesEqual;": "\u2aaf\u0338",
+    "NotPrecedesSlantEqual;": "\u22e0",
+    "NotReverseElement;": "\u220c",
+    "NotRightTriangle;": "\u22eb",
+    "NotRightTriangleBar;": "\u29d0\u0338",
+    "NotRightTriangleEqual;": "\u22ed",
+    "NotSquareSubset;": "\u228f\u0338",
+    "NotSquareSubsetEqual;": "\u22e2",
+    "NotSquareSuperset;": "\u2290\u0338",
+    "NotSquareSupersetEqual;": "\u22e3",
+    "NotSubset;": "\u2282\u20d2",
+    "NotSubsetEqual;": "\u2288",
+    "NotSucceeds;": "\u2281",
+    "NotSucceedsEqual;": "\u2ab0\u0338",
+    "NotSucceedsSlantEqual;": "\u22e1",
+    "NotSucceedsTilde;": "\u227f\u0338",
+    "NotSuperset;": "\u2283\u20d2",
+    "NotSupersetEqual;": "\u2289",
+    "NotTilde;": "\u2241",
+    "NotTildeEqual;": "\u2244",
+    "NotTildeFullEqual;": "\u2247",
+    "NotTildeTilde;": "\u2249",
+    "NotVerticalBar;": "\u2224",
+    "Nscr;": "\U0001d4a9",
+    "Ntilde": "\xd1",
+    "Ntilde;": "\xd1",
+    "Nu;": "\u039d",
+    "OElig;": "\u0152",
+    "Oacute": "\xd3",
+    "Oacute;": "\xd3",
+    "Ocirc": "\xd4",
+    "Ocirc;": "\xd4",
+    "Ocy;": "\u041e",
+    "Odblac;": "\u0150",
+    "Ofr;": "\U0001d512",
+    "Ograve": "\xd2",
+    "Ograve;": "\xd2",
+    "Omacr;": "\u014c",
+    "Omega;": "\u03a9",
+    "Omicron;": "\u039f",
+    "Oopf;": "\U0001d546",
+    "OpenCurlyDoubleQuote;": "\u201c",
+    "OpenCurlyQuote;": "\u2018",
+    "Or;": "\u2a54",
+    "Oscr;": "\U0001d4aa",
+    "Oslash": "\xd8",
+    "Oslash;": "\xd8",
+    "Otilde": "\xd5",
+    "Otilde;": "\xd5",
+    "Otimes;": "\u2a37",
+    "Ouml": "\xd6",
+    "Ouml;": "\xd6",
+    "OverBar;": "\u203e",
+    "OverBrace;": "\u23de",
+    "OverBracket;": "\u23b4",
+    "OverParenthesis;": "\u23dc",
+    "PartialD;": "\u2202",
+    "Pcy;": "\u041f",
+    "Pfr;": "\U0001d513",
+    "Phi;": "\u03a6",
+    "Pi;": "\u03a0",
+    "PlusMinus;": "\xb1",
+    "Poincareplane;": "\u210c",
+    "Popf;": "\u2119",
+    "Pr;": "\u2abb",
+    "Precedes;": "\u227a",
+    "PrecedesEqual;": "\u2aaf",
+    "PrecedesSlantEqual;": "\u227c",
+    "PrecedesTilde;": "\u227e",
+    "Prime;": "\u2033",
+    "Product;": "\u220f",
+    "Proportion;": "\u2237",
+    "Proportional;": "\u221d",
+    "Pscr;": "\U0001d4ab",
+    "Psi;": "\u03a8",
+    "QUOT": "\"",
+    "QUOT;": "\"",
+    "Qfr;": "\U0001d514",
+    "Qopf;": "\u211a",
+    "Qscr;": "\U0001d4ac",
+    "RBarr;": "\u2910",
+    "REG": "\xae",
+    "REG;": "\xae",
+    "Racute;": "\u0154",
+    "Rang;": "\u27eb",
+    "Rarr;": "\u21a0",
+    "Rarrtl;": "\u2916",
+    "Rcaron;": "\u0158",
+    "Rcedil;": "\u0156",
+    "Rcy;": "\u0420",
+    "Re;": "\u211c",
+    "ReverseElement;": "\u220b",
+    "ReverseEquilibrium;": "\u21cb",
+    "ReverseUpEquilibrium;": "\u296f",
+    "Rfr;": "\u211c",
+    "Rho;": "\u03a1",
+    "RightAngleBracket;": "\u27e9",
+    "RightArrow;": "\u2192",
+    "RightArrowBar;": "\u21e5",
+    "RightArrowLeftArrow;": "\u21c4",
+    "RightCeiling;": "\u2309",
+    "RightDoubleBracket;": "\u27e7",
+    "RightDownTeeVector;": "\u295d",
+    "RightDownVector;": "\u21c2",
+    "RightDownVectorBar;": "\u2955",
+    "RightFloor;": "\u230b",
+    "RightTee;": "\u22a2",
+    "RightTeeArrow;": "\u21a6",
+    "RightTeeVector;": "\u295b",
+    "RightTriangle;": "\u22b3",
+    "RightTriangleBar;": "\u29d0",
+    "RightTriangleEqual;": "\u22b5",
+    "RightUpDownVector;": "\u294f",
+    "RightUpTeeVector;": "\u295c",
+    "RightUpVector;": "\u21be",
+    "RightUpVectorBar;": "\u2954",
+    "RightVector;": "\u21c0",
+    "RightVectorBar;": "\u2953",
+    "Rightarrow;": "\u21d2",
+    "Ropf;": "\u211d",
+    "RoundImplies;": "\u2970",
+    "Rrightarrow;": "\u21db",
+    "Rscr;": "\u211b",
+    "Rsh;": "\u21b1",
+    "RuleDelayed;": "\u29f4",
+    "SHCHcy;": "\u0429",
+    "SHcy;": "\u0428",
+    "SOFTcy;": "\u042c",
+    "Sacute;": "\u015a",
+    "Sc;": "\u2abc",
+    "Scaron;": "\u0160",
+    "Scedil;": "\u015e",
+    "Scirc;": "\u015c",
+    "Scy;": "\u0421",
+    "Sfr;": "\U0001d516",
+    "ShortDownArrow;": "\u2193",
+    "ShortLeftArrow;": "\u2190",
+    "ShortRightArrow;": "\u2192",
+    "ShortUpArrow;": "\u2191",
+    "Sigma;": "\u03a3",
+    "SmallCircle;": "\u2218",
+    "Sopf;": "\U0001d54a",
+    "Sqrt;": "\u221a",
+    "Square;": "\u25a1",
+    "SquareIntersection;": "\u2293",
+    "SquareSubset;": "\u228f",
+    "SquareSubsetEqual;": "\u2291",
+    "SquareSuperset;": "\u2290",
+    "SquareSupersetEqual;": "\u2292",
+    "SquareUnion;": "\u2294",
+    "Sscr;": "\U0001d4ae",
+    "Star;": "\u22c6",
+    "Sub;": "\u22d0",
+    "Subset;": "\u22d0",
+    "SubsetEqual;": "\u2286",
+    "Succeeds;": "\u227b",
+    "SucceedsEqual;": "\u2ab0",
+    "SucceedsSlantEqual;": "\u227d",
+    "SucceedsTilde;": "\u227f",
+    "SuchThat;": "\u220b",
+    "Sum;": "\u2211",
+    "Sup;": "\u22d1",
+    "Superset;": "\u2283",
+    "SupersetEqual;": "\u2287",
+    "Supset;": "\u22d1",
+    "THORN": "\xde",
+    "THORN;": "\xde",
+    "TRADE;": "\u2122",
+    "TSHcy;": "\u040b",
+    "TScy;": "\u0426",
+    "Tab;": "\t",
+    "Tau;": "\u03a4",
+    "Tcaron;": "\u0164",
+    "Tcedil;": "\u0162",
+    "Tcy;": "\u0422",
+    "Tfr;": "\U0001d517",
+    "Therefore;": "\u2234",
+    "Theta;": "\u0398",
+    "ThickSpace;": "\u205f\u200a",
+    "ThinSpace;": "\u2009",
+    "Tilde;": "\u223c",
+    "TildeEqual;": "\u2243",
+    "TildeFullEqual;": "\u2245",
+    "TildeTilde;": "\u2248",
+    "Topf;": "\U0001d54b",
+    "TripleDot;": "\u20db",
+    "Tscr;": "\U0001d4af",
+    "Tstrok;": "\u0166",
+    "Uacute": "\xda",
+    "Uacute;": "\xda",
+    "Uarr;": "\u219f",
+    "Uarrocir;": "\u2949",
+    "Ubrcy;": "\u040e",
+    "Ubreve;": "\u016c",
+    "Ucirc": "\xdb",
+    "Ucirc;": "\xdb",
+    "Ucy;": "\u0423",
+    "Udblac;": "\u0170",
+    "Ufr;": "\U0001d518",
+    "Ugrave": "\xd9",
+    "Ugrave;": "\xd9",
+    "Umacr;": "\u016a",
+    "UnderBar;": "_",
+    "UnderBrace;": "\u23df",
+    "UnderBracket;": "\u23b5",
+    "UnderParenthesis;": "\u23dd",
+    "Union;": "\u22c3",
+    "UnionPlus;": "\u228e",
+    "Uogon;": "\u0172",
+    "Uopf;": "\U0001d54c",
+    "UpArrow;": "\u2191",
+    "UpArrowBar;": "\u2912",
+    "UpArrowDownArrow;": "\u21c5",
+    "UpDownArrow;": "\u2195",
+    "UpEquilibrium;": "\u296e",
+    "UpTee;": "\u22a5",
+    "UpTeeArrow;": "\u21a5",
+    "Uparrow;": "\u21d1",
+    "Updownarrow;": "\u21d5",
+    "UpperLeftArrow;": "\u2196",
+    "UpperRightArrow;": "\u2197",
+    "Upsi;": "\u03d2",
+    "Upsilon;": "\u03a5",
+    "Uring;": "\u016e",
+    "Uscr;": "\U0001d4b0",
+    "Utilde;": "\u0168",
+    "Uuml": "\xdc",
+    "Uuml;": "\xdc",
+    "VDash;": "\u22ab",
+    "Vbar;": "\u2aeb",
+    "Vcy;": "\u0412",
+    "Vdash;": "\u22a9",
+    "Vdashl;": "\u2ae6",
+    "Vee;": "\u22c1",
+    "Verbar;": "\u2016",
+    "Vert;": "\u2016",
+    "VerticalBar;": "\u2223",
+    "VerticalLine;": "|",
+    "VerticalSeparator;": "\u2758",
+    "VerticalTilde;": "\u2240",
+    "VeryThinSpace;": "\u200a",
+    "Vfr;": "\U0001d519",
+    "Vopf;": "\U0001d54d",
+    "Vscr;": "\U0001d4b1",
+    "Vvdash;": "\u22aa",
+    "Wcirc;": "\u0174",
+    "Wedge;": "\u22c0",
+    "Wfr;": "\U0001d51a",
+    "Wopf;": "\U0001d54e",
+    "Wscr;": "\U0001d4b2",
+    "Xfr;": "\U0001d51b",
+    "Xi;": "\u039e",
+    "Xopf;": "\U0001d54f",
+    "Xscr;": "\U0001d4b3",
+    "YAcy;": "\u042f",
+    "YIcy;": "\u0407",
+    "YUcy;": "\u042e",
+    "Yacute": "\xdd",
+    "Yacute;": "\xdd",
+    "Ycirc;": "\u0176",
+    "Ycy;": "\u042b",
+    "Yfr;": "\U0001d51c",
+    "Yopf;": "\U0001d550",
+    "Yscr;": "\U0001d4b4",
+    "Yuml;": "\u0178",
+    "ZHcy;": "\u0416",
+    "Zacute;": "\u0179",
+    "Zcaron;": "\u017d",
+    "Zcy;": "\u0417",
+    "Zdot;": "\u017b",
+    "ZeroWidthSpace;": "\u200b",
+    "Zeta;": "\u0396",
+    "Zfr;": "\u2128",
+    "Zopf;": "\u2124",
+    "Zscr;": "\U0001d4b5",
+    "aacute": "\xe1",
+    "aacute;": "\xe1",
+    "abreve;": "\u0103",
+    "ac;": "\u223e",
+    "acE;": "\u223e\u0333",
+    "acd;": "\u223f",
+    "acirc": "\xe2",
+    "acirc;": "\xe2",
+    "acute": "\xb4",
+    "acute;": "\xb4",
+    "acy;": "\u0430",
+    "aelig": "\xe6",
+    "aelig;": "\xe6",
+    "af;": "\u2061",
+    "afr;": "\U0001d51e",
+    "agrave": "\xe0",
+    "agrave;": "\xe0",
+    "alefsym;": "\u2135",
+    "aleph;": "\u2135",
+    "alpha;": "\u03b1",
+    "amacr;": "\u0101",
+    "amalg;": "\u2a3f",
+    "amp": "&",
+    "amp;": "&",
+    "and;": "\u2227",
+    "andand;": "\u2a55",
+    "andd;": "\u2a5c",
+    "andslope;": "\u2a58",
+    "andv;": "\u2a5a",
+    "ang;": "\u2220",
+    "ange;": "\u29a4",
+    "angle;": "\u2220",
+    "angmsd;": "\u2221",
+    "angmsdaa;": "\u29a8",
+    "angmsdab;": "\u29a9",
+    "angmsdac;": "\u29aa",
+    "angmsdad;": "\u29ab",
+    "angmsdae;": "\u29ac",
+    "angmsdaf;": "\u29ad",
+    "angmsdag;": "\u29ae",
+    "angmsdah;": "\u29af",
+    "angrt;": "\u221f",
+    "angrtvb;": "\u22be",
+    "angrtvbd;": "\u299d",
+    "angsph;": "\u2222",
+    "angst;": "\xc5",
+    "angzarr;": "\u237c",
+    "aogon;": "\u0105",
+    "aopf;": "\U0001d552",
+    "ap;": "\u2248",
+    "apE;": "\u2a70",
+    "apacir;": "\u2a6f",
+    "ape;": "\u224a",
+    "apid;": "\u224b",
+    "apos;": "'",
+    "approx;": "\u2248",
+    "approxeq;": "\u224a",
+    "aring": "\xe5",
+    "aring;": "\xe5",
+    "ascr;": "\U0001d4b6",
+    "ast;": "*",
+    "asymp;": "\u2248",
+    "asympeq;": "\u224d",
+    "atilde": "\xe3",
+    "atilde;": "\xe3",
+    "auml": "\xe4",
+    "auml;": "\xe4",
+    "awconint;": "\u2233",
+    "awint;": "\u2a11",
+    "bNot;": "\u2aed",
+    "backcong;": "\u224c",
+    "backepsilon;": "\u03f6",
+    "backprime;": "\u2035",
+    "backsim;": "\u223d",
+    "backsimeq;": "\u22cd",
+    "barvee;": "\u22bd",
+    "barwed;": "\u2305",
+    "barwedge;": "\u2305",
+    "bbrk;": "\u23b5",
+    "bbrktbrk;": "\u23b6",
+    "bcong;": "\u224c",
+    "bcy;": "\u0431",
+    "bdquo;": "\u201e",
+    "becaus;": "\u2235",
+    "because;": "\u2235",
+    "bemptyv;": "\u29b0",
+    "bepsi;": "\u03f6",
+    "bernou;": "\u212c",
+    "beta;": "\u03b2",
+    "beth;": "\u2136",
+    "between;": "\u226c",
+    "bfr;": "\U0001d51f",
+    "bigcap;": "\u22c2",
+    "bigcirc;": "\u25ef",
+    "bigcup;": "\u22c3",
+    "bigodot;": "\u2a00",
+    "bigoplus;": "\u2a01",
+    "bigotimes;": "\u2a02",
+    "bigsqcup;": "\u2a06",
+    "bigstar;": "\u2605",
+    "bigtriangledown;": "\u25bd",
+    "bigtriangleup;": "\u25b3",
+    "biguplus;": "\u2a04",
+    "bigvee;": "\u22c1",
+    "bigwedge;": "\u22c0",
+    "bkarow;": "\u290d",
+    "blacklozenge;": "\u29eb",
+    "blacksquare;": "\u25aa",
+    "blacktriangle;": "\u25b4",
+    "blacktriangledown;": "\u25be",
+    "blacktriangleleft;": "\u25c2",
+    "blacktriangleright;": "\u25b8",
+    "blank;": "\u2423",
+    "blk12;": "\u2592",
+    "blk14;": "\u2591",
+    "blk34;": "\u2593",
+    "block;": "\u2588",
+    "bne;": "=\u20e5",
+    "bnequiv;": "\u2261\u20e5",
+    "bnot;": "\u2310",
+    "bopf;": "\U0001d553",
+    "bot;": "\u22a5",
+    "bottom;": "\u22a5",
+    "bowtie;": "\u22c8",
+    "boxDL;": "\u2557",
+    "boxDR;": "\u2554",
+    "boxDl;": "\u2556",
+    "boxDr;": "\u2553",
+    "boxH;": "\u2550",
+    "boxHD;": "\u2566",
+    "boxHU;": "\u2569",
+    "boxHd;": "\u2564",
+    "boxHu;": "\u2567",
+    "boxUL;": "\u255d",
+    "boxUR;": "\u255a",
+    "boxUl;": "\u255c",
+    "boxUr;": "\u2559",
+    "boxV;": "\u2551",
+    "boxVH;": "\u256c",
+    "boxVL;": "\u2563",
+    "boxVR;": "\u2560",
+    "boxVh;": "\u256b",
+    "boxVl;": "\u2562",
+    "boxVr;": "\u255f",
+    "boxbox;": "\u29c9",
+    "boxdL;": "\u2555",
+    "boxdR;": "\u2552",
+    "boxdl;": "\u2510",
+    "boxdr;": "\u250c",
+    "boxh;": "\u2500",
+    "boxhD;": "\u2565",
+    "boxhU;": "\u2568",
+    "boxhd;": "\u252c",
+    "boxhu;": "\u2534",
+    "boxminus;": "\u229f",
+    "boxplus;": "\u229e",
+    "boxtimes;": "\u22a0",
+    "boxuL;": "\u255b",
+    "boxuR;": "\u2558",
+    "boxul;": "\u2518",
+    "boxur;": "\u2514",
+    "boxv;": "\u2502",
+    "boxvH;": "\u256a",
+    "boxvL;": "\u2561",
+    "boxvR;": "\u255e",
+    "boxvh;": "\u253c",
+    "boxvl;": "\u2524",
+    "boxvr;": "\u251c",
+    "bprime;": "\u2035",
+    "breve;": "\u02d8",
+    "brvbar": "\xa6",
+    "brvbar;": "\xa6",
+    "bscr;": "\U0001d4b7",
+    "bsemi;": "\u204f",
+    "bsim;": "\u223d",
+    "bsime;": "\u22cd",
+    "bsol;": "\\",
+    "bsolb;": "\u29c5",
+    "bsolhsub;": "\u27c8",
+    "bull;": "\u2022",
+    "bullet;": "\u2022",
+    "bump;": "\u224e",
+    "bumpE;": "\u2aae",
+    "bumpe;": "\u224f",
+    "bumpeq;": "\u224f",
+    "cacute;": "\u0107",
+    "cap;": "\u2229",
+    "capand;": "\u2a44",
+    "capbrcup;": "\u2a49",
+    "capcap;": "\u2a4b",
+    "capcup;": "\u2a47",
+    "capdot;": "\u2a40",
+    "caps;": "\u2229\ufe00",
+    "caret;": "\u2041",
+    "caron;": "\u02c7",
+    "ccaps;": "\u2a4d",
+    "ccaron;": "\u010d",
+    "ccedil": "\xe7",
+    "ccedil;": "\xe7",
+    "ccirc;": "\u0109",
+    "ccups;": "\u2a4c",
+    "ccupssm;": "\u2a50",
+    "cdot;": "\u010b",
+    "cedil": "\xb8",
+    "cedil;": "\xb8",
+    "cemptyv;": "\u29b2",
+    "cent": "\xa2",
+    "cent;": "\xa2",
+    "centerdot;": "\xb7",
+    "cfr;": "\U0001d520",
+    "chcy;": "\u0447",
+    "check;": "\u2713",
+    "checkmark;": "\u2713",
+    "chi;": "\u03c7",
+    "cir;": "\u25cb",
+    "cirE;": "\u29c3",
+    "circ;": "\u02c6",
+    "circeq;": "\u2257",
+    "circlearrowleft;": "\u21ba",
+    "circlearrowright;": "\u21bb",
+    "circledR;": "\xae",
+    "circledS;": "\u24c8",
+    "circledast;": "\u229b",
+    "circledcirc;": "\u229a",
+    "circleddash;": "\u229d",
+    "cire;": "\u2257",
+    "cirfnint;": "\u2a10",
+    "cirmid;": "\u2aef",
+    "cirscir;": "\u29c2",
+    "clubs;": "\u2663",
+    "clubsuit;": "\u2663",
+    "colon;": ":",
+    "colone;": "\u2254",
+    "coloneq;": "\u2254",
+    "comma;": ",",
+    "commat;": "@",
+    "comp;": "\u2201",
+    "compfn;": "\u2218",
+    "complement;": "\u2201",
+    "complexes;": "\u2102",
+    "cong;": "\u2245",
+    "congdot;": "\u2a6d",
+    "conint;": "\u222e",
+    "copf;": "\U0001d554",
+    "coprod;": "\u2210",
+    "copy": "\xa9",
+    "copy;": "\xa9",
+    "copysr;": "\u2117",
+    "crarr;": "\u21b5",
+    "cross;": "\u2717",
+    "cscr;": "\U0001d4b8",
+    "csub;": "\u2acf",
+    "csube;": "\u2ad1",
+    "csup;": "\u2ad0",
+    "csupe;": "\u2ad2",
+    "ctdot;": "\u22ef",
+    "cudarrl;": "\u2938",
+    "cudarrr;": "\u2935",
+    "cuepr;": "\u22de",
+    "cuesc;": "\u22df",
+    "cularr;": "\u21b6",
+    "cularrp;": "\u293d",
+    "cup;": "\u222a",
+    "cupbrcap;": "\u2a48",
+    "cupcap;": "\u2a46",
+    "cupcup;": "\u2a4a",
+    "cupdot;": "\u228d",
+    "cupor;": "\u2a45",
+    "cups;": "\u222a\ufe00",
+    "curarr;": "\u21b7",
+    "curarrm;": "\u293c",
+    "curlyeqprec;": "\u22de",
+    "curlyeqsucc;": "\u22df",
+    "curlyvee;": "\u22ce",
+    "curlywedge;": "\u22cf",
+    "curren": "\xa4",
+    "curren;": "\xa4",
+    "curvearrowleft;": "\u21b6",
+    "curvearrowright;": "\u21b7",
+    "cuvee;": "\u22ce",
+    "cuwed;": "\u22cf",
+    "cwconint;": "\u2232",
+    "cwint;": "\u2231",
+    "cylcty;": "\u232d",
+    "dArr;": "\u21d3",
+    "dHar;": "\u2965",
+    "dagger;": "\u2020",
+    "daleth;": "\u2138",
+    "darr;": "\u2193",
+    "dash;": "\u2010",
+    "dashv;": "\u22a3",
+    "dbkarow;": "\u290f",
+    "dblac;": "\u02dd",
+    "dcaron;": "\u010f",
+    "dcy;": "\u0434",
+    "dd;": "\u2146",
+    "ddagger;": "\u2021",
+    "ddarr;": "\u21ca",
+    "ddotseq;": "\u2a77",
+    "deg": "\xb0",
+    "deg;": "\xb0",
+    "delta;": "\u03b4",
+    "demptyv;": "\u29b1",
+    "dfisht;": "\u297f",
+    "dfr;": "\U0001d521",
+    "dharl;": "\u21c3",
+    "dharr;": "\u21c2",
+    "diam;": "\u22c4",
+    "diamond;": "\u22c4",
+    "diamondsuit;": "\u2666",
+    "diams;": "\u2666",
+    "die;": "\xa8",
+    "digamma;": "\u03dd",
+    "disin;": "\u22f2",
+    "div;": "\xf7",
+    "divide": "\xf7",
+    "divide;": "\xf7",
+    "divideontimes;": "\u22c7",
+    "divonx;": "\u22c7",
+    "djcy;": "\u0452",
+    "dlcorn;": "\u231e",
+    "dlcrop;": "\u230d",
+    "dollar;": "$",
+    "dopf;": "\U0001d555",
+    "dot;": "\u02d9",
+    "doteq;": "\u2250",
+    "doteqdot;": "\u2251",
+    "dotminus;": "\u2238",
+    "dotplus;": "\u2214",
+    "dotsquare;": "\u22a1",
+    "doublebarwedge;": "\u2306",
+    "downarrow;": "\u2193",
+    "downdownarrows;": "\u21ca",
+    "downharpoonleft;": "\u21c3",
+    "downharpoonright;": "\u21c2",
+    "drbkarow;": "\u2910",
+    "drcorn;": "\u231f",
+    "drcrop;": "\u230c",
+    "dscr;": "\U0001d4b9",
+    "dscy;": "\u0455",
+    "dsol;": "\u29f6",
+    "dstrok;": "\u0111",
+    "dtdot;": "\u22f1",
+    "dtri;": "\u25bf",
+    "dtrif;": "\u25be",
+    "duarr;": "\u21f5",
+    "duhar;": "\u296f",
+    "dwangle;": "\u29a6",
+    "dzcy;": "\u045f",
+    "dzigrarr;": "\u27ff",
+    "eDDot;": "\u2a77",
+    "eDot;": "\u2251",
+    "eacute": "\xe9",
+    "eacute;": "\xe9",
+    "easter;": "\u2a6e",
+    "ecaron;": "\u011b",
+    "ecir;": "\u2256",
+    "ecirc": "\xea",
+    "ecirc;": "\xea",
+    "ecolon;": "\u2255",
+    "ecy;": "\u044d",
+    "edot;": "\u0117",
+    "ee;": "\u2147",
+    "efDot;": "\u2252",
+    "efr;": "\U0001d522",
+    "eg;": "\u2a9a",
+    "egrave": "\xe8",
+    "egrave;": "\xe8",
+    "egs;": "\u2a96",
+    "egsdot;": "\u2a98",
+    "el;": "\u2a99",
+    "elinters;": "\u23e7",
+    "ell;": "\u2113",
+    "els;": "\u2a95",
+    "elsdot;": "\u2a97",
+    "emacr;": "\u0113",
+    "empty;": "\u2205",
+    "emptyset;": "\u2205",
+    "emptyv;": "\u2205",
+    "emsp13;": "\u2004",
+    "emsp14;": "\u2005",
+    "emsp;": "\u2003",
+    "eng;": "\u014b",
+    "ensp;": "\u2002",
+    "eogon;": "\u0119",
+    "eopf;": "\U0001d556",
+    "epar;": "\u22d5",
+    "eparsl;": "\u29e3",
+    "eplus;": "\u2a71",
+    "epsi;": "\u03b5",
+    "epsilon;": "\u03b5",
+    "epsiv;": "\u03f5",
+    "eqcirc;": "\u2256",
+    "eqcolon;": "\u2255",
+    "eqsim;": "\u2242",
+    "eqslantgtr;": "\u2a96",
+    "eqslantless;": "\u2a95",
+    "equals;": "=",
+    "equest;": "\u225f",
+    "equiv;": "\u2261",
+    "equivDD;": "\u2a78",
+    "eqvparsl;": "\u29e5",
+    "erDot;": "\u2253",
+    "erarr;": "\u2971",
+    "escr;": "\u212f",
+    "esdot;": "\u2250",
+    "esim;": "\u2242",
+    "eta;": "\u03b7",
+    "eth": "\xf0",
+    "eth;": "\xf0",
+    "euml": "\xeb",
+    "euml;": "\xeb",
+    "euro;": "\u20ac",
+    "excl;": "!",
+    "exist;": "\u2203",
+    "expectation;": "\u2130",
+    "exponentiale;": "\u2147",
+    "fallingdotseq;": "\u2252",
+    "fcy;": "\u0444",
+    "female;": "\u2640",
+    "ffilig;": "\ufb03",
+    "fflig;": "\ufb00",
+    "ffllig;": "\ufb04",
+    "ffr;": "\U0001d523",
+    "filig;": "\ufb01",
+    "fjlig;": "fj",
+    "flat;": "\u266d",
+    "fllig;": "\ufb02",
+    "fltns;": "\u25b1",
+    "fnof;": "\u0192",
+    "fopf;": "\U0001d557",
+    "forall;": "\u2200",
+    "fork;": "\u22d4",
+    "forkv;": "\u2ad9",
+    "fpartint;": "\u2a0d",
+    "frac12": "\xbd",
+    "frac12;": "\xbd",
+    "frac13;": "\u2153",
+    "frac14": "\xbc",
+    "frac14;": "\xbc",
+    "frac15;": "\u2155",
+    "frac16;": "\u2159",
+    "frac18;": "\u215b",
+    "frac23;": "\u2154",
+    "frac25;": "\u2156",
+    "frac34": "\xbe",
+    "frac34;": "\xbe",
+    "frac35;": "\u2157",
+    "frac38;": "\u215c",
+    "frac45;": "\u2158",
+    "frac56;": "\u215a",
+    "frac58;": "\u215d",
+    "frac78;": "\u215e",
+    "frasl;": "\u2044",
+    "frown;": "\u2322",
+    "fscr;": "\U0001d4bb",
+    "gE;": "\u2267",
+    "gEl;": "\u2a8c",
+    "gacute;": "\u01f5",
+    "gamma;": "\u03b3",
+    "gammad;": "\u03dd",
+    "gap;": "\u2a86",
+    "gbreve;": "\u011f",
+    "gcirc;": "\u011d",
+    "gcy;": "\u0433",
+    "gdot;": "\u0121",
+    "ge;": "\u2265",
+    "gel;": "\u22db",
+    "geq;": "\u2265",
+    "geqq;": "\u2267",
+    "geqslant;": "\u2a7e",
+    "ges;": "\u2a7e",
+    "gescc;": "\u2aa9",
+    "gesdot;": "\u2a80",
+    "gesdoto;": "\u2a82",
+    "gesdotol;": "\u2a84",
+    "gesl;": "\u22db\ufe00",
+    "gesles;": "\u2a94",
+    "gfr;": "\U0001d524",
+    "gg;": "\u226b",
+    "ggg;": "\u22d9",
+    "gimel;": "\u2137",
+    "gjcy;": "\u0453",
+    "gl;": "\u2277",
+    "glE;": "\u2a92",
+    "gla;": "\u2aa5",
+    "glj;": "\u2aa4",
+    "gnE;": "\u2269",
+    "gnap;": "\u2a8a",
+    "gnapprox;": "\u2a8a",
+    "gne;": "\u2a88",
+    "gneq;": "\u2a88",
+    "gneqq;": "\u2269",
+    "gnsim;": "\u22e7",
+    "gopf;": "\U0001d558",
+    "grave;": "`",
+    "gscr;": "\u210a",
+    "gsim;": "\u2273",
+    "gsime;": "\u2a8e",
+    "gsiml;": "\u2a90",
+    "gt": ">",
+    "gt;": ">",
+    "gtcc;": "\u2aa7",
+    "gtcir;": "\u2a7a",
+    "gtdot;": "\u22d7",
+    "gtlPar;": "\u2995",
+    "gtquest;": "\u2a7c",
+    "gtrapprox;": "\u2a86",
+    "gtrarr;": "\u2978",
+    "gtrdot;": "\u22d7",
+    "gtreqless;": "\u22db",
+    "gtreqqless;": "\u2a8c",
+    "gtrless;": "\u2277",
+    "gtrsim;": "\u2273",
+    "gvertneqq;": "\u2269\ufe00",
+    "gvnE;": "\u2269\ufe00",
+    "hArr;": "\u21d4",
+    "hairsp;": "\u200a",
+    "half;": "\xbd",
+    "hamilt;": "\u210b",
+    "hardcy;": "\u044a",
+    "harr;": "\u2194",
+    "harrcir;": "\u2948",
+    "harrw;": "\u21ad",
+    "hbar;": "\u210f",
+    "hcirc;": "\u0125",
+    "hearts;": "\u2665",
+    "heartsuit;": "\u2665",
+    "hellip;": "\u2026",
+    "hercon;": "\u22b9",
+    "hfr;": "\U0001d525",
+    "hksearow;": "\u2925",
+    "hkswarow;": "\u2926",
+    "hoarr;": "\u21ff",
+    "homtht;": "\u223b",
+    "hookleftarrow;": "\u21a9",
+    "hookrightarrow;": "\u21aa",
+    "hopf;": "\U0001d559",
+    "horbar;": "\u2015",
+    "hscr;": "\U0001d4bd",
+    "hslash;": "\u210f",
+    "hstrok;": "\u0127",
+    "hybull;": "\u2043",
+    "hyphen;": "\u2010",
+    "iacute": "\xed",
+    "iacute;": "\xed",
+    "ic;": "\u2063",
+    "icirc": "\xee",
+    "icirc;": "\xee",
+    "icy;": "\u0438",
+    "iecy;": "\u0435",
+    "iexcl": "\xa1",
+    "iexcl;": "\xa1",
+    "iff;": "\u21d4",
+    "ifr;": "\U0001d526",
+    "igrave": "\xec",
+    "igrave;": "\xec",
+    "ii;": "\u2148",
+    "iiiint;": "\u2a0c",
+    "iiint;": "\u222d",
+    "iinfin;": "\u29dc",
+    "iiota;": "\u2129",
+    "ijlig;": "\u0133",
+    "imacr;": "\u012b",
+    "image;": "\u2111",
+    "imagline;": "\u2110",
+    "imagpart;": "\u2111",
+    "imath;": "\u0131",
+    "imof;": "\u22b7",
+    "imped;": "\u01b5",
+    "in;": "\u2208",
+    "incare;": "\u2105",
+    "infin;": "\u221e",
+    "infintie;": "\u29dd",
+    "inodot;": "\u0131",
+    "int;": "\u222b",
+    "intcal;": "\u22ba",
+    "integers;": "\u2124",
+    "intercal;": "\u22ba",
+    "intlarhk;": "\u2a17",
+    "intprod;": "\u2a3c",
+    "iocy;": "\u0451",
+    "iogon;": "\u012f",
+    "iopf;": "\U0001d55a",
+    "iota;": "\u03b9",
+    "iprod;": "\u2a3c",
+    "iquest": "\xbf",
+    "iquest;": "\xbf",
+    "iscr;": "\U0001d4be",
+    "isin;": "\u2208",
+    "isinE;": "\u22f9",
+    "isindot;": "\u22f5",
+    "isins;": "\u22f4",
+    "isinsv;": "\u22f3",
+    "isinv;": "\u2208",
+    "it;": "\u2062",
+    "itilde;": "\u0129",
+    "iukcy;": "\u0456",
+    "iuml": "\xef",
+    "iuml;": "\xef",
+    "jcirc;": "\u0135",
+    "jcy;": "\u0439",
+    "jfr;": "\U0001d527",
+    "jmath;": "\u0237",
+    "jopf;": "\U0001d55b",
+    "jscr;": "\U0001d4bf",
+    "jsercy;": "\u0458",
+    "jukcy;": "\u0454",
+    "kappa;": "\u03ba",
+    "kappav;": "\u03f0",
+    "kcedil;": "\u0137",
+    "kcy;": "\u043a",
+    "kfr;": "\U0001d528",
+    "kgreen;": "\u0138",
+    "khcy;": "\u0445",
+    "kjcy;": "\u045c",
+    "kopf;": "\U0001d55c",
+    "kscr;": "\U0001d4c0",
+    "lAarr;": "\u21da",
+    "lArr;": "\u21d0",
+    "lAtail;": "\u291b",
+    "lBarr;": "\u290e",
+    "lE;": "\u2266",
+    "lEg;": "\u2a8b",
+    "lHar;": "\u2962",
+    "lacute;": "\u013a",
+    "laemptyv;": "\u29b4",
+    "lagran;": "\u2112",
+    "lambda;": "\u03bb",
+    "lang;": "\u27e8",
+    "langd;": "\u2991",
+    "langle;": "\u27e8",
+    "lap;": "\u2a85",
+    "laquo": "\xab",
+    "laquo;": "\xab",
+    "larr;": "\u2190",
+    "larrb;": "\u21e4",
+    "larrbfs;": "\u291f",
+    "larrfs;": "\u291d",
+    "larrhk;": "\u21a9",
+    "larrlp;": "\u21ab",
+    "larrpl;": "\u2939",
+    "larrsim;": "\u2973",
+    "larrtl;": "\u21a2",
+    "lat;": "\u2aab",
+    "latail;": "\u2919",
+    "late;": "\u2aad",
+    "lates;": "\u2aad\ufe00",
+    "lbarr;": "\u290c",
+    "lbbrk;": "\u2772",
+    "lbrace;": "{",
+    "lbrack;": "[",
+    "lbrke;": "\u298b",
+    "lbrksld;": "\u298f",
+    "lbrkslu;": "\u298d",
+    "lcaron;": "\u013e",
+    "lcedil;": "\u013c",
+    "lceil;": "\u2308",
+    "lcub;": "{",
+    "lcy;": "\u043b",
+    "ldca;": "\u2936",
+    "ldquo;": "\u201c",
+    "ldquor;": "\u201e",
+    "ldrdhar;": "\u2967",
+    "ldrushar;": "\u294b",
+    "ldsh;": "\u21b2",
+    "le;": "\u2264",
+    "leftarrow;": "\u2190",
+    "leftarrowtail;": "\u21a2",
+    "leftharpoondown;": "\u21bd",
+    "leftharpoonup;": "\u21bc",
+    "leftleftarrows;": "\u21c7",
+    "leftrightarrow;": "\u2194",
+    "leftrightarrows;": "\u21c6",
+    "leftrightharpoons;": "\u21cb",
+    "leftrightsquigarrow;": "\u21ad",
+    "leftthreetimes;": "\u22cb",
+    "leg;": "\u22da",
+    "leq;": "\u2264",
+    "leqq;": "\u2266",
+    "leqslant;": "\u2a7d",
+    "les;": "\u2a7d",
+    "lescc;": "\u2aa8",
+    "lesdot;": "\u2a7f",
+    "lesdoto;": "\u2a81",
+    "lesdotor;": "\u2a83",
+    "lesg;": "\u22da\ufe00",
+    "lesges;": "\u2a93",
+    "lessapprox;": "\u2a85",
+    "lessdot;": "\u22d6",
+    "lesseqgtr;": "\u22da",
+    "lesseqqgtr;": "\u2a8b",
+    "lessgtr;": "\u2276",
+    "lesssim;": "\u2272",
+    "lfisht;": "\u297c",
+    "lfloor;": "\u230a",
+    "lfr;": "\U0001d529",
+    "lg;": "\u2276",
+    "lgE;": "\u2a91",
+    "lhard;": "\u21bd",
+    "lharu;": "\u21bc",
+    "lharul;": "\u296a",
+    "lhblk;": "\u2584",
+    "ljcy;": "\u0459",
+    "ll;": "\u226a",
+    "llarr;": "\u21c7",
+    "llcorner;": "\u231e",
+    "llhard;": "\u296b",
+    "lltri;": "\u25fa",
+    "lmidot;": "\u0140",
+    "lmoust;": "\u23b0",
+    "lmoustache;": "\u23b0",
+    "lnE;": "\u2268",
+    "lnap;": "\u2a89",
+    "lnapprox;": "\u2a89",
+    "lne;": "\u2a87",
+    "lneq;": "\u2a87",
+    "lneqq;": "\u2268",
+    "lnsim;": "\u22e6",
+    "loang;": "\u27ec",
+    "loarr;": "\u21fd",
+    "lobrk;": "\u27e6",
+    "longleftarrow;": "\u27f5",
+    "longleftrightarrow;": "\u27f7",
+    "longmapsto;": "\u27fc",
+    "longrightarrow;": "\u27f6",
+    "looparrowleft;": "\u21ab",
+    "looparrowright;": "\u21ac",
+    "lopar;": "\u2985",
+    "lopf;": "\U0001d55d",
+    "loplus;": "\u2a2d",
+    "lotimes;": "\u2a34",
+    "lowast;": "\u2217",
+    "lowbar;": "_",
+    "loz;": "\u25ca",
+    "lozenge;": "\u25ca",
+    "lozf;": "\u29eb",
+    "lpar;": "(",
+    "lparlt;": "\u2993",
+    "lrarr;": "\u21c6",
+    "lrcorner;": "\u231f",
+    "lrhar;": "\u21cb",
+    "lrhard;": "\u296d",
+    "lrm;": "\u200e",
+    "lrtri;": "\u22bf",
+    "lsaquo;": "\u2039",
+    "lscr;": "\U0001d4c1",
+    "lsh;": "\u21b0",
+    "lsim;": "\u2272",
+    "lsime;": "\u2a8d",
+    "lsimg;": "\u2a8f",
+    "lsqb;": "[",
+    "lsquo;": "\u2018",
+    "lsquor;": "\u201a",
+    "lstrok;": "\u0142",
+    "lt": "<",
+    "lt;": "<",
+    "ltcc;": "\u2aa6",
+    "ltcir;": "\u2a79",
+    "ltdot;": "\u22d6",
+    "lthree;": "\u22cb",
+    "ltimes;": "\u22c9",
+    "ltlarr;": "\u2976",
+    "ltquest;": "\u2a7b",
+    "ltrPar;": "\u2996",
+    "ltri;": "\u25c3",
+    "ltrie;": "\u22b4",
+    "ltrif;": "\u25c2",
+    "lurdshar;": "\u294a",
+    "luruhar;": "\u2966",
+    "lvertneqq;": "\u2268\ufe00",
+    "lvnE;": "\u2268\ufe00",
+    "mDDot;": "\u223a",
+    "macr": "\xaf",
+    "macr;": "\xaf",
+    "male;": "\u2642",
+    "malt;": "\u2720",
+    "maltese;": "\u2720",
+    "map;": "\u21a6",
+    "mapsto;": "\u21a6",
+    "mapstodown;": "\u21a7",
+    "mapstoleft;": "\u21a4",
+    "mapstoup;": "\u21a5",
+    "marker;": "\u25ae",
+    "mcomma;": "\u2a29",
+    "mcy;": "\u043c",
+    "mdash;": "\u2014",
+    "measuredangle;": "\u2221",
+    "mfr;": "\U0001d52a",
+    "mho;": "\u2127",
+    "micro": "\xb5",
+    "micro;": "\xb5",
+    "mid;": "\u2223",
+    "midast;": "*",
+    "midcir;": "\u2af0",
+    "middot": "\xb7",
+    "middot;": "\xb7",
+    "minus;": "\u2212",
+    "minusb;": "\u229f",
+    "minusd;": "\u2238",
+    "minusdu;": "\u2a2a",
+    "mlcp;": "\u2adb",
+    "mldr;": "\u2026",
+    "mnplus;": "\u2213",
+    "models;": "\u22a7",
+    "mopf;": "\U0001d55e",
+    "mp;": "\u2213",
+    "mscr;": "\U0001d4c2",
+    "mstpos;": "\u223e",
+    "mu;": "\u03bc",
+    "multimap;": "\u22b8",
+    "mumap;": "\u22b8",
+    "nGg;": "\u22d9\u0338",
+    "nGt;": "\u226b\u20d2",
+    "nGtv;": "\u226b\u0338",
+    "nLeftarrow;": "\u21cd",
+    "nLeftrightarrow;": "\u21ce",
+    "nLl;": "\u22d8\u0338",
+    "nLt;": "\u226a\u20d2",
+    "nLtv;": "\u226a\u0338",
+    "nRightarrow;": "\u21cf",
+    "nVDash;": "\u22af",
+    "nVdash;": "\u22ae",
+    "nabla;": "\u2207",
+    "nacute;": "\u0144",
+    "nang;": "\u2220\u20d2",
+    "nap;": "\u2249",
+    "napE;": "\u2a70\u0338",
+    "napid;": "\u224b\u0338",
+    "napos;": "\u0149",
+    "napprox;": "\u2249",
+    "natur;": "\u266e",
+    "natural;": "\u266e",
+    "naturals;": "\u2115",
+    "nbsp": "\xa0",
+    "nbsp;": "\xa0",
+    "nbump;": "\u224e\u0338",
+    "nbumpe;": "\u224f\u0338",
+    "ncap;": "\u2a43",
+    "ncaron;": "\u0148",
+    "ncedil;": "\u0146",
+    "ncong;": "\u2247",
+    "ncongdot;": "\u2a6d\u0338",
+    "ncup;": "\u2a42",
+    "ncy;": "\u043d",
+    "ndash;": "\u2013",
+    "ne;": "\u2260",
+    "neArr;": "\u21d7",
+    "nearhk;": "\u2924",
+    "nearr;": "\u2197",
+    "nearrow;": "\u2197",
+    "nedot;": "\u2250\u0338",
+    "nequiv;": "\u2262",
+    "nesear;": "\u2928",
+    "nesim;": "\u2242\u0338",
+    "nexist;": "\u2204",
+    "nexists;": "\u2204",
+    "nfr;": "\U0001d52b",
+    "ngE;": "\u2267\u0338",
+    "nge;": "\u2271",
+    "ngeq;": "\u2271",
+    "ngeqq;": "\u2267\u0338",
+    "ngeqslant;": "\u2a7e\u0338",
+    "nges;": "\u2a7e\u0338",
+    "ngsim;": "\u2275",
+    "ngt;": "\u226f",
+    "ngtr;": "\u226f",
+    "nhArr;": "\u21ce",
+    "nharr;": "\u21ae",
+    "nhpar;": "\u2af2",
+    "ni;": "\u220b",
+    "nis;": "\u22fc",
+    "nisd;": "\u22fa",
+    "niv;": "\u220b",
+    "njcy;": "\u045a",
+    "nlArr;": "\u21cd",
+    "nlE;": "\u2266\u0338",
+    "nlarr;": "\u219a",
+    "nldr;": "\u2025",
+    "nle;": "\u2270",
+    "nleftarrow;": "\u219a",
+    "nleftrightarrow;": "\u21ae",
+    "nleq;": "\u2270",
+    "nleqq;": "\u2266\u0338",
+    "nleqslant;": "\u2a7d\u0338",
+    "nles;": "\u2a7d\u0338",
+    "nless;": "\u226e",
+    "nlsim;": "\u2274",
+    "nlt;": "\u226e",
+    "nltri;": "\u22ea",
+    "nltrie;": "\u22ec",
+    "nmid;": "\u2224",
+    "nopf;": "\U0001d55f",
+    "not": "\xac",
+    "not;": "\xac",
+    "notin;": "\u2209",
+    "notinE;": "\u22f9\u0338",
+    "notindot;": "\u22f5\u0338",
+    "notinva;": "\u2209",
+    "notinvb;": "\u22f7",
+    "notinvc;": "\u22f6",
+    "notni;": "\u220c",
+    "notniva;": "\u220c",
+    "notnivb;": "\u22fe",
+    "notnivc;": "\u22fd",
+    "npar;": "\u2226",
+    "nparallel;": "\u2226",
+    "nparsl;": "\u2afd\u20e5",
+    "npart;": "\u2202\u0338",
+    "npolint;": "\u2a14",
+    "npr;": "\u2280",
+    "nprcue;": "\u22e0",
+    "npre;": "\u2aaf\u0338",
+    "nprec;": "\u2280",
+    "npreceq;": "\u2aaf\u0338",
+    "nrArr;": "\u21cf",
+    "nrarr;": "\u219b",
+    "nrarrc;": "\u2933\u0338",
+    "nrarrw;": "\u219d\u0338",
+    "nrightarrow;": "\u219b",
+    "nrtri;": "\u22eb",
+    "nrtrie;": "\u22ed",
+    "nsc;": "\u2281",
+    "nsccue;": "\u22e1",
+    "nsce;": "\u2ab0\u0338",
+    "nscr;": "\U0001d4c3",
+    "nshortmid;": "\u2224",
+    "nshortparallel;": "\u2226",
+    "nsim;": "\u2241",
+    "nsime;": "\u2244",
+    "nsimeq;": "\u2244",
+    "nsmid;": "\u2224",
+    "nspar;": "\u2226",
+    "nsqsube;": "\u22e2",
+    "nsqsupe;": "\u22e3",
+    "nsub;": "\u2284",
+    "nsubE;": "\u2ac5\u0338",
+    "nsube;": "\u2288",
+    "nsubset;": "\u2282\u20d2",
+    "nsubseteq;": "\u2288",
+    "nsubseteqq;": "\u2ac5\u0338",
+    "nsucc;": "\u2281",
+    "nsucceq;": "\u2ab0\u0338",
+    "nsup;": "\u2285",
+    "nsupE;": "\u2ac6\u0338",
+    "nsupe;": "\u2289",
+    "nsupset;": "\u2283\u20d2",
+    "nsupseteq;": "\u2289",
+    "nsupseteqq;": "\u2ac6\u0338",
+    "ntgl;": "\u2279",
+    "ntilde": "\xf1",
+    "ntilde;": "\xf1",
+    "ntlg;": "\u2278",
+    "ntriangleleft;": "\u22ea",
+    "ntrianglelefteq;": "\u22ec",
+    "ntriangleright;": "\u22eb",
+    "ntrianglerighteq;": "\u22ed",
+    "nu;": "\u03bd",
+    "num;": "#",
+    "numero;": "\u2116",
+    "numsp;": "\u2007",
+    "nvDash;": "\u22ad",
+    "nvHarr;": "\u2904",
+    "nvap;": "\u224d\u20d2",
+    "nvdash;": "\u22ac",
+    "nvge;": "\u2265\u20d2",
+    "nvgt;": ">\u20d2",
+    "nvinfin;": "\u29de",
+    "nvlArr;": "\u2902",
+    "nvle;": "\u2264\u20d2",
+    "nvlt;": "<\u20d2",
+    "nvltrie;": "\u22b4\u20d2",
+    "nvrArr;": "\u2903",
+    "nvrtrie;": "\u22b5\u20d2",
+    "nvsim;": "\u223c\u20d2",
+    "nwArr;": "\u21d6",
+    "nwarhk;": "\u2923",
+    "nwarr;": "\u2196",
+    "nwarrow;": "\u2196",
+    "nwnear;": "\u2927",
+    "oS;": "\u24c8",
+    "oacute": "\xf3",
+    "oacute;": "\xf3",
+    "oast;": "\u229b",
+    "ocir;": "\u229a",
+    "ocirc": "\xf4",
+    "ocirc;": "\xf4",
+    "ocy;": "\u043e",
+    "odash;": "\u229d",
+    "odblac;": "\u0151",
+    "odiv;": "\u2a38",
+    "odot;": "\u2299",
+    "odsold;": "\u29bc",
+    "oelig;": "\u0153",
+    "ofcir;": "\u29bf",
+    "ofr;": "\U0001d52c",
+    "ogon;": "\u02db",
+    "ograve": "\xf2",
+    "ograve;": "\xf2",
+    "ogt;": "\u29c1",
+    "ohbar;": "\u29b5",
+    "ohm;": "\u03a9",
+    "oint;": "\u222e",
+    "olarr;": "\u21ba",
+    "olcir;": "\u29be",
+    "olcross;": "\u29bb",
+    "oline;": "\u203e",
+    "olt;": "\u29c0",
+    "omacr;": "\u014d",
+    "omega;": "\u03c9",
+    "omicron;": "\u03bf",
+    "omid;": "\u29b6",
+    "ominus;": "\u2296",
+    "oopf;": "\U0001d560",
+    "opar;": "\u29b7",
+    "operp;": "\u29b9",
+    "oplus;": "\u2295",
+    "or;": "\u2228",
+    "orarr;": "\u21bb",
+    "ord;": "\u2a5d",
+    "order;": "\u2134",
+    "orderof;": "\u2134",
+    "ordf": "\xaa",
+    "ordf;": "\xaa",
+    "ordm": "\xba",
+    "ordm;": "\xba",
+    "origof;": "\u22b6",
+    "oror;": "\u2a56",
+    "orslope;": "\u2a57",
+    "orv;": "\u2a5b",
+    "oscr;": "\u2134",
+    "oslash": "\xf8",
+    "oslash;": "\xf8",
+    "osol;": "\u2298",
+    "otilde": "\xf5",
+    "otilde;": "\xf5",
+    "otimes;": "\u2297",
+    "otimesas;": "\u2a36",
+    "ouml": "\xf6",
+    "ouml;": "\xf6",
+    "ovbar;": "\u233d",
+    "par;": "\u2225",
+    "para": "\xb6",
+    "para;": "\xb6",
+    "parallel;": "\u2225",
+    "parsim;": "\u2af3",
+    "parsl;": "\u2afd",
+    "part;": "\u2202",
+    "pcy;": "\u043f",
+    "percnt;": "%",
+    "period;": ".",
+    "permil;": "\u2030",
+    "perp;": "\u22a5",
+    "pertenk;": "\u2031",
+    "pfr;": "\U0001d52d",
+    "phi;": "\u03c6",
+    "phiv;": "\u03d5",
+    "phmmat;": "\u2133",
+    "phone;": "\u260e",
+    "pi;": "\u03c0",
+    "pitchfork;": "\u22d4",
+    "piv;": "\u03d6",
+    "planck;": "\u210f",
+    "planckh;": "\u210e",
+    "plankv;": "\u210f",
+    "plus;": "+",
+    "plusacir;": "\u2a23",
+    "plusb;": "\u229e",
+    "pluscir;": "\u2a22",
+    "plusdo;": "\u2214",
+    "plusdu;": "\u2a25",
+    "pluse;": "\u2a72",
+    "plusmn": "\xb1",
+    "plusmn;": "\xb1",
+    "plussim;": "\u2a26",
+    "plustwo;": "\u2a27",
+    "pm;": "\xb1",
+    "pointint;": "\u2a15",
+    "popf;": "\U0001d561",
+    "pound": "\xa3",
+    "pound;": "\xa3",
+    "pr;": "\u227a",
+    "prE;": "\u2ab3",
+    "prap;": "\u2ab7",
+    "prcue;": "\u227c",
+    "pre;": "\u2aaf",
+    "prec;": "\u227a",
+    "precapprox;": "\u2ab7",
+    "preccurlyeq;": "\u227c",
+    "preceq;": "\u2aaf",
+    "precnapprox;": "\u2ab9",
+    "precneqq;": "\u2ab5",
+    "precnsim;": "\u22e8",
+    "precsim;": "\u227e",
+    "prime;": "\u2032",
+    "primes;": "\u2119",
+    "prnE;": "\u2ab5",
+    "prnap;": "\u2ab9",
+    "prnsim;": "\u22e8",
+    "prod;": "\u220f",
+    "profalar;": "\u232e",
+    "profline;": "\u2312",
+    "profsurf;": "\u2313",
+    "prop;": "\u221d",
+    "propto;": "\u221d",
+    "prsim;": "\u227e",
+    "prurel;": "\u22b0",
+    "pscr;": "\U0001d4c5",
+    "psi;": "\u03c8",
+    "puncsp;": "\u2008",
+    "qfr;": "\U0001d52e",
+    "qint;": "\u2a0c",
+    "qopf;": "\U0001d562",
+    "qprime;": "\u2057",
+    "qscr;": "\U0001d4c6",
+    "quaternions;": "\u210d",
+    "quatint;": "\u2a16",
+    "quest;": "?",
+    "questeq;": "\u225f",
+    "quot": "\"",
+    "quot;": "\"",
+    "rAarr;": "\u21db",
+    "rArr;": "\u21d2",
+    "rAtail;": "\u291c",
+    "rBarr;": "\u290f",
+    "rHar;": "\u2964",
+    "race;": "\u223d\u0331",
+    "racute;": "\u0155",
+    "radic;": "\u221a",
+    "raemptyv;": "\u29b3",
+    "rang;": "\u27e9",
+    "rangd;": "\u2992",
+    "range;": "\u29a5",
+    "rangle;": "\u27e9",
+    "raquo": "\xbb",
+    "raquo;": "\xbb",
+    "rarr;": "\u2192",
+    "rarrap;": "\u2975",
+    "rarrb;": "\u21e5",
+    "rarrbfs;": "\u2920",
+    "rarrc;": "\u2933",
+    "rarrfs;": "\u291e",
+    "rarrhk;": "\u21aa",
+    "rarrlp;": "\u21ac",
+    "rarrpl;": "\u2945",
+    "rarrsim;": "\u2974",
+    "rarrtl;": "\u21a3",
+    "rarrw;": "\u219d",
+    "ratail;": "\u291a",
+    "ratio;": "\u2236",
+    "rationals;": "\u211a",
+    "rbarr;": "\u290d",
+    "rbbrk;": "\u2773",
+    "rbrace;": "}",
+    "rbrack;": "]",
+    "rbrke;": "\u298c",
+    "rbrksld;": "\u298e",
+    "rbrkslu;": "\u2990",
+    "rcaron;": "\u0159",
+    "rcedil;": "\u0157",
+    "rceil;": "\u2309",
+    "rcub;": "}",
+    "rcy;": "\u0440",
+    "rdca;": "\u2937",
+    "rdldhar;": "\u2969",
+    "rdquo;": "\u201d",
+    "rdquor;": "\u201d",
+    "rdsh;": "\u21b3",
+    "real;": "\u211c",
+    "realine;": "\u211b",
+    "realpart;": "\u211c",
+    "reals;": "\u211d",
+    "rect;": "\u25ad",
+    "reg": "\xae",
+    "reg;": "\xae",
+    "rfisht;": "\u297d",
+    "rfloor;": "\u230b",
+    "rfr;": "\U0001d52f",
+    "rhard;": "\u21c1",
+    "rharu;": "\u21c0",
+    "rharul;": "\u296c",
+    "rho;": "\u03c1",
+    "rhov;": "\u03f1",
+    "rightarrow;": "\u2192",
+    "rightarrowtail;": "\u21a3",
+    "rightharpoondown;": "\u21c1",
+    "rightharpoonup;": "\u21c0",
+    "rightleftarrows;": "\u21c4",
+    "rightleftharpoons;": "\u21cc",
+    "rightrightarrows;": "\u21c9",
+    "rightsquigarrow;": "\u219d",
+    "rightthreetimes;": "\u22cc",
+    "ring;": "\u02da",
+    "risingdotseq;": "\u2253",
+    "rlarr;": "\u21c4",
+    "rlhar;": "\u21cc",
+    "rlm;": "\u200f",
+    "rmoust;": "\u23b1",
+    "rmoustache;": "\u23b1",
+    "rnmid;": "\u2aee",
+    "roang;": "\u27ed",
+    "roarr;": "\u21fe",
+    "robrk;": "\u27e7",
+    "ropar;": "\u2986",
+    "ropf;": "\U0001d563",
+    "roplus;": "\u2a2e",
+    "rotimes;": "\u2a35",
+    "rpar;": ")",
+    "rpargt;": "\u2994",
+    "rppolint;": "\u2a12",
+    "rrarr;": "\u21c9",
+    "rsaquo;": "\u203a",
+    "rscr;": "\U0001d4c7",
+    "rsh;": "\u21b1",
+    "rsqb;": "]",
+    "rsquo;": "\u2019",
+    "rsquor;": "\u2019",
+    "rthree;": "\u22cc",
+    "rtimes;": "\u22ca",
+    "rtri;": "\u25b9",
+    "rtrie;": "\u22b5",
+    "rtrif;": "\u25b8",
+    "rtriltri;": "\u29ce",
+    "ruluhar;": "\u2968",
+    "rx;": "\u211e",
+    "sacute;": "\u015b",
+    "sbquo;": "\u201a",
+    "sc;": "\u227b",
+    "scE;": "\u2ab4",
+    "scap;": "\u2ab8",
+    "scaron;": "\u0161",
+    "sccue;": "\u227d",
+    "sce;": "\u2ab0",
+    "scedil;": "\u015f",
+    "scirc;": "\u015d",
+    "scnE;": "\u2ab6",
+    "scnap;": "\u2aba",
+    "scnsim;": "\u22e9",
+    "scpolint;": "\u2a13",
+    "scsim;": "\u227f",
+    "scy;": "\u0441",
+    "sdot;": "\u22c5",
+    "sdotb;": "\u22a1",
+    "sdote;": "\u2a66",
+    "seArr;": "\u21d8",
+    "searhk;": "\u2925",
+    "searr;": "\u2198",
+    "searrow;": "\u2198",
+    "sect": "\xa7",
+    "sect;": "\xa7",
+    "semi;": ";",
+    "seswar;": "\u2929",
+    "setminus;": "\u2216",
+    "setmn;": "\u2216",
+    "sext;": "\u2736",
+    "sfr;": "\U0001d530",
+    "sfrown;": "\u2322",
+    "sharp;": "\u266f",
+    "shchcy;": "\u0449",
+    "shcy;": "\u0448",
+    "shortmid;": "\u2223",
+    "shortparallel;": "\u2225",
+    "shy": "\xad",
+    "shy;": "\xad",
+    "sigma;": "\u03c3",
+    "sigmaf;": "\u03c2",
+    "sigmav;": "\u03c2",
+    "sim;": "\u223c",
+    "simdot;": "\u2a6a",
+    "sime;": "\u2243",
+    "simeq;": "\u2243",
+    "simg;": "\u2a9e",
+    "simgE;": "\u2aa0",
+    "siml;": "\u2a9d",
+    "simlE;": "\u2a9f",
+    "simne;": "\u2246",
+    "simplus;": "\u2a24",
+    "simrarr;": "\u2972",
+    "slarr;": "\u2190",
+    "smallsetminus;": "\u2216",
+    "smashp;": "\u2a33",
+    "smeparsl;": "\u29e4",
+    "smid;": "\u2223",
+    "smile;": "\u2323",
+    "smt;": "\u2aaa",
+    "smte;": "\u2aac",
+    "smtes;": "\u2aac\ufe00",
+    "softcy;": "\u044c",
+    "sol;": "/",
+    "solb;": "\u29c4",
+    "solbar;": "\u233f",
+    "sopf;": "\U0001d564",
+    "spades;": "\u2660",
+    "spadesuit;": "\u2660",
+    "spar;": "\u2225",
+    "sqcap;": "\u2293",
+    "sqcaps;": "\u2293\ufe00",
+    "sqcup;": "\u2294",
+    "sqcups;": "\u2294\ufe00",
+    "sqsub;": "\u228f",
+    "sqsube;": "\u2291",
+    "sqsubset;": "\u228f",
+    "sqsubseteq;": "\u2291",
+    "sqsup;": "\u2290",
+    "sqsupe;": "\u2292",
+    "sqsupset;": "\u2290",
+    "sqsupseteq;": "\u2292",
+    "squ;": "\u25a1",
+    "square;": "\u25a1",
+    "squarf;": "\u25aa",
+    "squf;": "\u25aa",
+    "srarr;": "\u2192",
+    "sscr;": "\U0001d4c8",
+    "ssetmn;": "\u2216",
+    "ssmile;": "\u2323",
+    "sstarf;": "\u22c6",
+    "star;": "\u2606",
+    "starf;": "\u2605",
+    "straightepsilon;": "\u03f5",
+    "straightphi;": "\u03d5",
+    "strns;": "\xaf",
+    "sub;": "\u2282",
+    "subE;": "\u2ac5",
+    "subdot;": "\u2abd",
+    "sube;": "\u2286",
+    "subedot;": "\u2ac3",
+    "submult;": "\u2ac1",
+    "subnE;": "\u2acb",
+    "subne;": "\u228a",
+    "subplus;": "\u2abf",
+    "subrarr;": "\u2979",
+    "subset;": "\u2282",
+    "subseteq;": "\u2286",
+    "subseteqq;": "\u2ac5",
+    "subsetneq;": "\u228a",
+    "subsetneqq;": "\u2acb",
+    "subsim;": "\u2ac7",
+    "subsub;": "\u2ad5",
+    "subsup;": "\u2ad3",
+    "succ;": "\u227b",
+    "succapprox;": "\u2ab8",
+    "succcurlyeq;": "\u227d",
+    "succeq;": "\u2ab0",
+    "succnapprox;": "\u2aba",
+    "succneqq;": "\u2ab6",
+    "succnsim;": "\u22e9",
+    "succsim;": "\u227f",
+    "sum;": "\u2211",
+    "sung;": "\u266a",
+    "sup1": "\xb9",
+    "sup1;": "\xb9",
+    "sup2": "\xb2",
+    "sup2;": "\xb2",
+    "sup3": "\xb3",
+    "sup3;": "\xb3",
+    "sup;": "\u2283",
+    "supE;": "\u2ac6",
+    "supdot;": "\u2abe",
+    "supdsub;": "\u2ad8",
+    "supe;": "\u2287",
+    "supedot;": "\u2ac4",
+    "suphsol;": "\u27c9",
+    "suphsub;": "\u2ad7",
+    "suplarr;": "\u297b",
+    "supmult;": "\u2ac2",
+    "supnE;": "\u2acc",
+    "supne;": "\u228b",
+    "supplus;": "\u2ac0",
+    "supset;": "\u2283",
+    "supseteq;": "\u2287",
+    "supseteqq;": "\u2ac6",
+    "supsetneq;": "\u228b",
+    "supsetneqq;": "\u2acc",
+    "supsim;": "\u2ac8",
+    "supsub;": "\u2ad4",
+    "supsup;": "\u2ad6",
+    "swArr;": "\u21d9",
+    "swarhk;": "\u2926",
+    "swarr;": "\u2199",
+    "swarrow;": "\u2199",
+    "swnwar;": "\u292a",
+    "szlig": "\xdf",
+    "szlig;": "\xdf",
+    "target;": "\u2316",
+    "tau;": "\u03c4",
+    "tbrk;": "\u23b4",
+    "tcaron;": "\u0165",
+    "tcedil;": "\u0163",
+    "tcy;": "\u0442",
+    "tdot;": "\u20db",
+    "telrec;": "\u2315",
+    "tfr;": "\U0001d531",
+    "there4;": "\u2234",
+    "therefore;": "\u2234",
+    "theta;": "\u03b8",
+    "thetasym;": "\u03d1",
+    "thetav;": "\u03d1",
+    "thickapprox;": "\u2248",
+    "thicksim;": "\u223c",
+    "thinsp;": "\u2009",
+    "thkap;": "\u2248",
+    "thksim;": "\u223c",
+    "thorn": "\xfe",
+    "thorn;": "\xfe",
+    "tilde;": "\u02dc",
+    "times": "\xd7",
+    "times;": "\xd7",
+    "timesb;": "\u22a0",
+    "timesbar;": "\u2a31",
+    "timesd;": "\u2a30",
+    "tint;": "\u222d",
+    "toea;": "\u2928",
+    "top;": "\u22a4",
+    "topbot;": "\u2336",
+    "topcir;": "\u2af1",
+    "topf;": "\U0001d565",
+    "topfork;": "\u2ada",
+    "tosa;": "\u2929",
+    "tprime;": "\u2034",
+    "trade;": "\u2122",
+    "triangle;": "\u25b5",
+    "triangledown;": "\u25bf",
+    "triangleleft;": "\u25c3",
+    "trianglelefteq;": "\u22b4",
+    "triangleq;": "\u225c",
+    "triangleright;": "\u25b9",
+    "trianglerighteq;": "\u22b5",
+    "tridot;": "\u25ec",
+    "trie;": "\u225c",
+    "triminus;": "\u2a3a",
+    "triplus;": "\u2a39",
+    "trisb;": "\u29cd",
+    "tritime;": "\u2a3b",
+    "trpezium;": "\u23e2",
+    "tscr;": "\U0001d4c9",
+    "tscy;": "\u0446",
+    "tshcy;": "\u045b",
+    "tstrok;": "\u0167",
+    "twixt;": "\u226c",
+    "twoheadleftarrow;": "\u219e",
+    "twoheadrightarrow;": "\u21a0",
+    "uArr;": "\u21d1",
+    "uHar;": "\u2963",
+    "uacute": "\xfa",
+    "uacute;": "\xfa",
+    "uarr;": "\u2191",
+    "ubrcy;": "\u045e",
+    "ubreve;": "\u016d",
+    "ucirc": "\xfb",
+    "ucirc;": "\xfb",
+    "ucy;": "\u0443",
+    "udarr;": "\u21c5",
+    "udblac;": "\u0171",
+    "udhar;": "\u296e",
+    "ufisht;": "\u297e",
+    "ufr;": "\U0001d532",
+    "ugrave": "\xf9",
+    "ugrave;": "\xf9",
+    "uharl;": "\u21bf",
+    "uharr;": "\u21be",
+    "uhblk;": "\u2580",
+    "ulcorn;": "\u231c",
+    "ulcorner;": "\u231c",
+    "ulcrop;": "\u230f",
+    "ultri;": "\u25f8",
+    "umacr;": "\u016b",
+    "uml": "\xa8",
+    "uml;": "\xa8",
+    "uogon;": "\u0173",
+    "uopf;": "\U0001d566",
+    "uparrow;": "\u2191",
+    "updownarrow;": "\u2195",
+    "upharpoonleft;": "\u21bf",
+    "upharpoonright;": "\u21be",
+    "uplus;": "\u228e",
+    "upsi;": "\u03c5",
+    "upsih;": "\u03d2",
+    "upsilon;": "\u03c5",
+    "upuparrows;": "\u21c8",
+    "urcorn;": "\u231d",
+    "urcorner;": "\u231d",
+    "urcrop;": "\u230e",
+    "uring;": "\u016f",
+    "urtri;": "\u25f9",
+    "uscr;": "\U0001d4ca",
+    "utdot;": "\u22f0",
+    "utilde;": "\u0169",
+    "utri;": "\u25b5",
+    "utrif;": "\u25b4",
+    "uuarr;": "\u21c8",
+    "uuml": "\xfc",
+    "uuml;": "\xfc",
+    "uwangle;": "\u29a7",
+    "vArr;": "\u21d5",
+    "vBar;": "\u2ae8",
+    "vBarv;": "\u2ae9",
+    "vDash;": "\u22a8",
+    "vangrt;": "\u299c",
+    "varepsilon;": "\u03f5",
+    "varkappa;": "\u03f0",
+    "varnothing;": "\u2205",
+    "varphi;": "\u03d5",
+    "varpi;": "\u03d6",
+    "varpropto;": "\u221d",
+    "varr;": "\u2195",
+    "varrho;": "\u03f1",
+    "varsigma;": "\u03c2",
+    "varsubsetneq;": "\u228a\ufe00",
+    "varsubsetneqq;": "\u2acb\ufe00",
+    "varsupsetneq;": "\u228b\ufe00",
+    "varsupsetneqq;": "\u2acc\ufe00",
+    "vartheta;": "\u03d1",
+    "vartriangleleft;": "\u22b2",
+    "vartriangleright;": "\u22b3",
+    "vcy;": "\u0432",
+    "vdash;": "\u22a2",
+    "vee;": "\u2228",
+    "veebar;": "\u22bb",
+    "veeeq;": "\u225a",
+    "vellip;": "\u22ee",
+    "verbar;": "|",
+    "vert;": "|",
+    "vfr;": "\U0001d533",
+    "vltri;": "\u22b2",
+    "vnsub;": "\u2282\u20d2",
+    "vnsup;": "\u2283\u20d2",
+    "vopf;": "\U0001d567",
+    "vprop;": "\u221d",
+    "vrtri;": "\u22b3",
+    "vscr;": "\U0001d4cb",
+    "vsubnE;": "\u2acb\ufe00",
+    "vsubne;": "\u228a\ufe00",
+    "vsupnE;": "\u2acc\ufe00",
+    "vsupne;": "\u228b\ufe00",
+    "vzigzag;": "\u299a",
+    "wcirc;": "\u0175",
+    "wedbar;": "\u2a5f",
+    "wedge;": "\u2227",
+    "wedgeq;": "\u2259",
+    "weierp;": "\u2118",
+    "wfr;": "\U0001d534",
+    "wopf;": "\U0001d568",
+    "wp;": "\u2118",
+    "wr;": "\u2240",
+    "wreath;": "\u2240",
+    "wscr;": "\U0001d4cc",
+    "xcap;": "\u22c2",
+    "xcirc;": "\u25ef",
+    "xcup;": "\u22c3",
+    "xdtri;": "\u25bd",
+    "xfr;": "\U0001d535",
+    "xhArr;": "\u27fa",
+    "xharr;": "\u27f7",
+    "xi;": "\u03be",
+    "xlArr;": "\u27f8",
+    "xlarr;": "\u27f5",
+    "xmap;": "\u27fc",
+    "xnis;": "\u22fb",
+    "xodot;": "\u2a00",
+    "xopf;": "\U0001d569",
+    "xoplus;": "\u2a01",
+    "xotime;": "\u2a02",
+    "xrArr;": "\u27f9",
+    "xrarr;": "\u27f6",
+    "xscr;": "\U0001d4cd",
+    "xsqcup;": "\u2a06",
+    "xuplus;": "\u2a04",
+    "xutri;": "\u25b3",
+    "xvee;": "\u22c1",
+    "xwedge;": "\u22c0",
+    "yacute": "\xfd",
+    "yacute;": "\xfd",
+    "yacy;": "\u044f",
+    "ycirc;": "\u0177",
+    "ycy;": "\u044b",
+    "yen": "\xa5",
+    "yen;": "\xa5",
+    "yfr;": "\U0001d536",
+    "yicy;": "\u0457",
+    "yopf;": "\U0001d56a",
+    "yscr;": "\U0001d4ce",
+    "yucy;": "\u044e",
+    "yuml": "\xff",
+    "yuml;": "\xff",
+    "zacute;": "\u017a",
+    "zcaron;": "\u017e",
+    "zcy;": "\u0437",
+    "zdot;": "\u017c",
+    "zeetrf;": "\u2128",
+    "zeta;": "\u03b6",
+    "zfr;": "\U0001d537",
+    "zhcy;": "\u0436",
+    "zigrarr;": "\u21dd",
+    "zopf;": "\U0001d56b",
+    "zscr;": "\U0001d4cf",
+    "zwj;": "\u200d",
+    "zwnj;": "\u200c",
+}
+
+replacementCharacters = {
+    0x0: "\uFFFD",
+    0x0d: "\u000D",
+    0x80: "\u20AC",
+    0x81: "\u0081",
+    0x82: "\u201A",
+    0x83: "\u0192",
+    0x84: "\u201E",
+    0x85: "\u2026",
+    0x86: "\u2020",
+    0x87: "\u2021",
+    0x88: "\u02C6",
+    0x89: "\u2030",
+    0x8A: "\u0160",
+    0x8B: "\u2039",
+    0x8C: "\u0152",
+    0x8D: "\u008D",
+    0x8E: "\u017D",
+    0x8F: "\u008F",
+    0x90: "\u0090",
+    0x91: "\u2018",
+    0x92: "\u2019",
+    0x93: "\u201C",
+    0x94: "\u201D",
+    0x95: "\u2022",
+    0x96: "\u2013",
+    0x97: "\u2014",
+    0x98: "\u02DC",
+    0x99: "\u2122",
+    0x9A: "\u0161",
+    0x9B: "\u203A",
+    0x9C: "\u0153",
+    0x9D: "\u009D",
+    0x9E: "\u017E",
+    0x9F: "\u0178",
+}
+
+tokenTypes = {
+    "Doctype": 0,
+    "Characters": 1,
+    "SpaceCharacters": 2,
+    "StartTag": 3,
+    "EndTag": 4,
+    "EmptyTag": 5,
+    "Comment": 6,
+    "ParseError": 7
+}
+
+tagTokenTypes = frozenset([tokenTypes["StartTag"], tokenTypes["EndTag"],
+                           tokenTypes["EmptyTag"]])
+
+
+prefixes = {v: k for k, v in namespaces.items()}
+prefixes["http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"] = "math"
+
+
+class DataLossWarning(UserWarning):
+    """Raised when the current tree is unable to represent the input data"""
+    pass
+
+
+class _ReparseException(Exception):
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/alphabeticalattributes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/alphabeticalattributes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ba926e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/alphabeticalattributes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from . import base
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+
+def _attr_key(attr):
+    """Return an appropriate key for an attribute for sorting
+
+    Attributes have a namespace that can be either ``None`` or a string. We
+    can't compare the two because they're different types, so we convert
+    ``None`` to an empty string first.
+
+    """
+    return (attr[0][0] or ''), attr[0][1]
+
+
+class Filter(base.Filter):
+    """Alphabetizes attributes for elements"""
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for token in base.Filter.__iter__(self):
+            if token["type"] in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag"):
+                attrs = OrderedDict()
+                for name, value in sorted(token["data"].items(),
+                                          key=_attr_key):
+                    attrs[name] = value
+                token["data"] = attrs
+            yield token
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7dbaed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+
+class Filter(object):
+    def __init__(self, source):
+        self.source = source
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.source)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self.source, name)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/inject_meta_charset.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/inject_meta_charset.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aefb5c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/inject_meta_charset.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from . import base
+
+
+class Filter(base.Filter):
+    """Injects ``<meta charset=ENCODING>`` tag into head of document"""
+    def __init__(self, source, encoding):
+        """Creates a Filter
+
+        :arg source: the source token stream
+
+        :arg encoding: the encoding to set
+
+        """
+        base.Filter.__init__(self, source)
+        self.encoding = encoding
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        state = "pre_head"
+        meta_found = (self.encoding is None)
+        pending = []
+
+        for token in base.Filter.__iter__(self):
+            type = token["type"]
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                if token["name"].lower() == "head":
+                    state = "in_head"
+
+            elif type == "EmptyTag":
+                if token["name"].lower() == "meta":
+                    # replace charset with actual encoding
+                    has_http_equiv_content_type = False
+                    for (namespace, name), value in token["data"].items():
+                        if namespace is not None:
+                            continue
+                        elif name.lower() == 'charset':
+                            token["data"][(namespace, name)] = self.encoding
+                            meta_found = True
+                            break
+                        elif name == 'http-equiv' and value.lower() == 'content-type':
+                            has_http_equiv_content_type = True
+                    else:
+                        if has_http_equiv_content_type and (None, "content") in token["data"]:
+                            token["data"][(None, "content")] = 'text/html; charset=%s' % self.encoding
+                            meta_found = True
+
+                elif token["name"].lower() == "head" and not meta_found:
+                    # insert meta into empty head
+                    yield {"type": "StartTag", "name": "head",
+                           "data": token["data"]}
+                    yield {"type": "EmptyTag", "name": "meta",
+                           "data": {(None, "charset"): self.encoding}}
+                    yield {"type": "EndTag", "name": "head"}
+                    meta_found = True
+                    continue
+
+            elif type == "EndTag":
+                if token["name"].lower() == "head" and pending:
+                    # insert meta into head (if necessary) and flush pending queue
+                    yield pending.pop(0)
+                    if not meta_found:
+                        yield {"type": "EmptyTag", "name": "meta",
+                               "data": {(None, "charset"): self.encoding}}
+                    while pending:
+                        yield pending.pop(0)
+                    meta_found = True
+                    state = "post_head"
+
+            if state == "in_head":
+                pending.append(token)
+            else:
+                yield token
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/lint.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/lint.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fcc07ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/lint.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from pip._vendor.six import text_type
+
+from . import base
+from ..constants import namespaces, voidElements
+
+from ..constants import spaceCharacters
+spaceCharacters = "".join(spaceCharacters)
+
+
+class Filter(base.Filter):
+    """Lints the token stream for errors
+
+    If it finds any errors, it'll raise an ``AssertionError``.
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self, source, require_matching_tags=True):
+        """Creates a Filter
+
+        :arg source: the source token stream
+
+        :arg require_matching_tags: whether or not to require matching tags
+
+        """
+        super(Filter, self).__init__(source)
+        self.require_matching_tags = require_matching_tags
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        open_elements = []
+        for token in base.Filter.__iter__(self):
+            type = token["type"]
+            if type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag"):
+                namespace = token["namespace"]
+                name = token["name"]
+                assert namespace is None or isinstance(namespace, text_type)
+                assert namespace != ""
+                assert isinstance(name, text_type)
+                assert name != ""
+                assert isinstance(token["data"], dict)
+                if (not namespace or namespace == namespaces["html"]) and name in voidElements:
+                    assert type == "EmptyTag"
+                else:
+                    assert type == "StartTag"
+                if type == "StartTag" and self.require_matching_tags:
+                    open_elements.append((namespace, name))
+                for (namespace, name), value in token["data"].items():
+                    assert namespace is None or isinstance(namespace, text_type)
+                    assert namespace != ""
+                    assert isinstance(name, text_type)
+                    assert name != ""
+                    assert isinstance(value, text_type)
+
+            elif type == "EndTag":
+                namespace = token["namespace"]
+                name = token["name"]
+                assert namespace is None or isinstance(namespace, text_type)
+                assert namespace != ""
+                assert isinstance(name, text_type)
+                assert name != ""
+                if (not namespace or namespace == namespaces["html"]) and name in voidElements:
+                    assert False, "Void element reported as EndTag token: %(tag)s" % {"tag": name}
+                elif self.require_matching_tags:
+                    start = open_elements.pop()
+                    assert start == (namespace, name)
+
+            elif type == "Comment":
+                data = token["data"]
+                assert isinstance(data, text_type)
+
+            elif type in ("Characters", "SpaceCharacters"):
+                data = token["data"]
+                assert isinstance(data, text_type)
+                assert data != ""
+                if type == "SpaceCharacters":
+                    assert data.strip(spaceCharacters) == ""
+
+            elif type == "Doctype":
+                name = token["name"]
+                assert name is None or isinstance(name, text_type)
+                assert token["publicId"] is None or isinstance(name, text_type)
+                assert token["systemId"] is None or isinstance(name, text_type)
+
+            elif type == "Entity":
+                assert isinstance(token["name"], text_type)
+
+            elif type == "SerializerError":
+                assert isinstance(token["data"], text_type)
+
+            else:
+                assert False, "Unknown token type: %(type)s" % {"type": type}
+
+            yield token
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/optionaltags.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/optionaltags.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a86501
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/optionaltags.py
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from . import base
+
+
+class Filter(base.Filter):
+    """Removes optional tags from the token stream"""
+    def slider(self):
+        previous1 = previous2 = None
+        for token in self.source:
+            if previous1 is not None:
+                yield previous2, previous1, token
+            previous2 = previous1
+            previous1 = token
+        if previous1 is not None:
+            yield previous2, previous1, None
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for previous, token, next in self.slider():
+            type = token["type"]
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                if (token["data"] or
+                        not self.is_optional_start(token["name"], previous, next)):
+                    yield token
+            elif type == "EndTag":
+                if not self.is_optional_end(token["name"], next):
+                    yield token
+            else:
+                yield token
+
+    def is_optional_start(self, tagname, previous, next):
+        type = next and next["type"] or None
+        if tagname in 'html':
+            # An html element's start tag may be omitted if the first thing
+            # inside the html element is not a space character or a comment.
+            return type not in ("Comment", "SpaceCharacters")
+        elif tagname == 'head':
+            # A head element's start tag may be omitted if the first thing
+            # inside the head element is an element.
+            # XXX: we also omit the start tag if the head element is empty
+            if type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag"):
+                return True
+            elif type == "EndTag":
+                return next["name"] == "head"
+        elif tagname == 'body':
+            # A body element's start tag may be omitted if the first thing
+            # inside the body element is not a space character or a comment,
+            # except if the first thing inside the body element is a script
+            # or style element and the node immediately preceding the body
+            # element is a head element whose end tag has been omitted.
+            if type in ("Comment", "SpaceCharacters"):
+                return False
+            elif type == "StartTag":
+                # XXX: we do not look at the preceding event, so we never omit
+                # the body element's start tag if it's followed by a script or
+                # a style element.
+                return next["name"] not in ('script', 'style')
+            else:
+                return True
+        elif tagname == 'colgroup':
+            # A colgroup element's start tag may be omitted if the first thing
+            # inside the colgroup element is a col element, and if the element
+            # is not immediately preceded by another colgroup element whose
+            # end tag has been omitted.
+            if type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag"):
+                # XXX: we do not look at the preceding event, so instead we never
+                # omit the colgroup element's end tag when it is immediately
+                # followed by another colgroup element. See is_optional_end.
+                return next["name"] == "col"
+            else:
+                return False
+        elif tagname == 'tbody':
+            # A tbody element's start tag may be omitted if the first thing
+            # inside the tbody element is a tr element, and if the element is
+            # not immediately preceded by a tbody, thead, or tfoot element
+            # whose end tag has been omitted.
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                # omit the thead and tfoot elements' end tag when they are
+                # immediately followed by a tbody element. See is_optional_end.
+                if previous and previous['type'] == 'EndTag' and \
+                        previous['name'] in ('tbody', 'thead', 'tfoot'):
+                    return False
+                return next["name"] == 'tr'
+            else:
+                return False
+        return False
+
+    def is_optional_end(self, tagname, next):
+        type = next and next["type"] or None
+        if tagname in ('html', 'head', 'body'):
+            # An html element's end tag may be omitted if the html element
+            # is not immediately followed by a space character or a comment.
+            return type not in ("Comment", "SpaceCharacters")
+        elif tagname in ('li', 'optgroup', 'tr'):
+            # A li element's end tag may be omitted if the li element is
+            # immediately followed by another li element or if there is
+            # no more content in the parent element.
+            # An optgroup element's end tag may be omitted if the optgroup
+            # element is immediately followed by another optgroup element,
+            # or if there is no more content in the parent element.
+            # A tr element's end tag may be omitted if the tr element is
+            # immediately followed by another tr element, or if there is
+            # no more content in the parent element.
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                return next["name"] == tagname
+            else:
+                return type == "EndTag" or type is None
+        elif tagname in ('dt', 'dd'):
+            # A dt element's end tag may be omitted if the dt element is
+            # immediately followed by another dt element or a dd element.
+            # A dd element's end tag may be omitted if the dd element is
+            # immediately followed by another dd element or a dt element,
+            # or if there is no more content in the parent element.
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                return next["name"] in ('dt', 'dd')
+            elif tagname == 'dd':
+                return type == "EndTag" or type is None
+            else:
+                return False
+        elif tagname == 'p':
+            # A p element's end tag may be omitted if the p element is
+            # immediately followed by an address, article, aside,
+            # blockquote, datagrid, dialog, dir, div, dl, fieldset,
+            # footer, form, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, header, hr, menu,
+            # nav, ol, p, pre, section, table, or ul, element, or if
+            # there is no more content in the parent element.
+            if type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag"):
+                return next["name"] in ('address', 'article', 'aside',
+                                        'blockquote', 'datagrid', 'dialog',
+                                        'dir', 'div', 'dl', 'fieldset', 'footer',
+                                        'form', 'h1', 'h2', 'h3', 'h4', 'h5', 'h6',
+                                        'header', 'hr', 'menu', 'nav', 'ol',
+                                        'p', 'pre', 'section', 'table', 'ul')
+            else:
+                return type == "EndTag" or type is None
+        elif tagname == 'option':
+            # An option element's end tag may be omitted if the option
+            # element is immediately followed by another option element,
+            # or if it is immediately followed by an <code>optgroup</code>
+            # element, or if there is no more content in the parent
+            # element.
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                return next["name"] in ('option', 'optgroup')
+            else:
+                return type == "EndTag" or type is None
+        elif tagname in ('rt', 'rp'):
+            # An rt element's end tag may be omitted if the rt element is
+            # immediately followed by an rt or rp element, or if there is
+            # no more content in the parent element.
+            # An rp element's end tag may be omitted if the rp element is
+            # immediately followed by an rt or rp element, or if there is
+            # no more content in the parent element.
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                return next["name"] in ('rt', 'rp')
+            else:
+                return type == "EndTag" or type is None
+        elif tagname == 'colgroup':
+            # A colgroup element's end tag may be omitted if the colgroup
+            # element is not immediately followed by a space character or
+            # a comment.
+            if type in ("Comment", "SpaceCharacters"):
+                return False
+            elif type == "StartTag":
+                # XXX: we also look for an immediately following colgroup
+                # element. See is_optional_start.
+                return next["name"] != 'colgroup'
+            else:
+                return True
+        elif tagname in ('thead', 'tbody'):
+            # A thead element's end tag may be omitted if the thead element
+            # is immediately followed by a tbody or tfoot element.
+            # A tbody element's end tag may be omitted if the tbody element
+            # is immediately followed by a tbody or tfoot element, or if
+            # there is no more content in the parent element.
+            # A tfoot element's end tag may be omitted if the tfoot element
+            # is immediately followed by a tbody element, or if there is no
+            # more content in the parent element.
+            # XXX: we never omit the end tag when the following element is
+            # a tbody. See is_optional_start.
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                return next["name"] in ['tbody', 'tfoot']
+            elif tagname == 'tbody':
+                return type == "EndTag" or type is None
+            else:
+                return False
+        elif tagname == 'tfoot':
+            # A tfoot element's end tag may be omitted if the tfoot element
+            # is immediately followed by a tbody element, or if there is no
+            # more content in the parent element.
+            # XXX: we never omit the end tag when the following element is
+            # a tbody. See is_optional_start.
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                return next["name"] == 'tbody'
+            else:
+                return type == "EndTag" or type is None
+        elif tagname in ('td', 'th'):
+            # A td element's end tag may be omitted if the td element is
+            # immediately followed by a td or th element, or if there is
+            # no more content in the parent element.
+            # A th element's end tag may be omitted if the th element is
+            # immediately followed by a td or th element, or if there is
+            # no more content in the parent element.
+            if type == "StartTag":
+                return next["name"] in ('td', 'th')
+            else:
+                return type == "EndTag" or type is None
+        return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/sanitizer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/sanitizer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa7431d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/sanitizer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,916 @@
+"""Deprecated from html5lib 1.1.
+
+See `here <https://github.com/html5lib/html5lib-python/issues/443>`_ for
+information about its deprecation; `Bleach <https://github.com/mozilla/bleach>`_
+is recommended as a replacement. Please let us know in the aforementioned issue
+if Bleach is unsuitable for your needs.
+
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+import re
+import warnings
+from xml.sax.saxutils import escape, unescape
+
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import urllib_parse as urlparse
+
+from . import base
+from ..constants import namespaces, prefixes
+
+__all__ = ["Filter"]
+
+
+_deprecation_msg = (
+    "html5lib's sanitizer is deprecated; see " +
+    "https://github.com/html5lib/html5lib-python/issues/443 and please let " +
+    "us know if Bleach is unsuitable for your needs"
+)
+
+warnings.warn(_deprecation_msg, DeprecationWarning)
+
+allowed_elements = frozenset((
+    (namespaces['html'], 'a'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'abbr'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'acronym'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'address'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'area'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'article'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'aside'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'audio'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'b'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'big'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'blockquote'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'br'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'button'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'canvas'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'caption'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'center'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'cite'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'code'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'col'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'colgroup'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'command'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'datagrid'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'datalist'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'dd'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'del'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'details'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'dfn'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'dialog'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'dir'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'div'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'dl'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'dt'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'em'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'event-source'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'fieldset'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'figcaption'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'figure'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'footer'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'font'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'form'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'header'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'h1'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'h2'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'h3'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'h4'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'h5'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'h6'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'hr'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'i'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'img'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'input'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'ins'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'keygen'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'kbd'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'label'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'legend'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'li'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'm'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'map'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'menu'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'meter'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'multicol'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'nav'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'nextid'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'ol'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'output'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'optgroup'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'option'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'p'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'pre'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'progress'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'q'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 's'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'samp'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'section'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'select'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'small'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'sound'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'source'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'spacer'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'span'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'strike'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'strong'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'sub'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'sup'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'table'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'tbody'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'td'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'textarea'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'time'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'tfoot'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'th'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'thead'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'tr'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'tt'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'u'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'ul'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'var'),
+    (namespaces['html'], 'video'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'maction'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'math'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'merror'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mfrac'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mi'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mmultiscripts'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mn'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mo'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mover'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mpadded'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mphantom'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mprescripts'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mroot'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mrow'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mspace'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'msqrt'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mstyle'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'msub'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'msubsup'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'msup'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mtable'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mtd'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mtext'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'mtr'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'munder'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'munderover'),
+    (namespaces['mathml'], 'none'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'a'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'animate'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'animateColor'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'animateMotion'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'animateTransform'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'clipPath'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'circle'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'defs'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'desc'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'ellipse'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'font-face'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'font-face-name'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'font-face-src'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'g'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'glyph'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'hkern'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'linearGradient'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'line'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'marker'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'metadata'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'missing-glyph'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'mpath'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'path'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'polygon'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'polyline'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'radialGradient'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'rect'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'set'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'stop'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'svg'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'switch'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'text'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'title'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'tspan'),
+    (namespaces['svg'], 'use'),
+))
+
+allowed_attributes = frozenset((
+    # HTML attributes
+    (None, 'abbr'),
+    (None, 'accept'),
+    (None, 'accept-charset'),
+    (None, 'accesskey'),
+    (None, 'action'),
+    (None, 'align'),
+    (None, 'alt'),
+    (None, 'autocomplete'),
+    (None, 'autofocus'),
+    (None, 'axis'),
+    (None, 'background'),
+    (None, 'balance'),
+    (None, 'bgcolor'),
+    (None, 'bgproperties'),
+    (None, 'border'),
+    (None, 'bordercolor'),
+    (None, 'bordercolordark'),
+    (None, 'bordercolorlight'),
+    (None, 'bottompadding'),
+    (None, 'cellpadding'),
+    (None, 'cellspacing'),
+    (None, 'ch'),
+    (None, 'challenge'),
+    (None, 'char'),
+    (None, 'charoff'),
+    (None, 'choff'),
+    (None, 'charset'),
+    (None, 'checked'),
+    (None, 'cite'),
+    (None, 'class'),
+    (None, 'clear'),
+    (None, 'color'),
+    (None, 'cols'),
+    (None, 'colspan'),
+    (None, 'compact'),
+    (None, 'contenteditable'),
+    (None, 'controls'),
+    (None, 'coords'),
+    (None, 'data'),
+    (None, 'datafld'),
+    (None, 'datapagesize'),
+    (None, 'datasrc'),
+    (None, 'datetime'),
+    (None, 'default'),
+    (None, 'delay'),
+    (None, 'dir'),
+    (None, 'disabled'),
+    (None, 'draggable'),
+    (None, 'dynsrc'),
+    (None, 'enctype'),
+    (None, 'end'),
+    (None, 'face'),
+    (None, 'for'),
+    (None, 'form'),
+    (None, 'frame'),
+    (None, 'galleryimg'),
+    (None, 'gutter'),
+    (None, 'headers'),
+    (None, 'height'),
+    (None, 'hidefocus'),
+    (None, 'hidden'),
+    (None, 'high'),
+    (None, 'href'),
+    (None, 'hreflang'),
+    (None, 'hspace'),
+    (None, 'icon'),
+    (None, 'id'),
+    (None, 'inputmode'),
+    (None, 'ismap'),
+    (None, 'keytype'),
+    (None, 'label'),
+    (None, 'leftspacing'),
+    (None, 'lang'),
+    (None, 'list'),
+    (None, 'longdesc'),
+    (None, 'loop'),
+    (None, 'loopcount'),
+    (None, 'loopend'),
+    (None, 'loopstart'),
+    (None, 'low'),
+    (None, 'lowsrc'),
+    (None, 'max'),
+    (None, 'maxlength'),
+    (None, 'media'),
+    (None, 'method'),
+    (None, 'min'),
+    (None, 'multiple'),
+    (None, 'name'),
+    (None, 'nohref'),
+    (None, 'noshade'),
+    (None, 'nowrap'),
+    (None, 'open'),
+    (None, 'optimum'),
+    (None, 'pattern'),
+    (None, 'ping'),
+    (None, 'point-size'),
+    (None, 'poster'),
+    (None, 'pqg'),
+    (None, 'preload'),
+    (None, 'prompt'),
+    (None, 'radiogroup'),
+    (None, 'readonly'),
+    (None, 'rel'),
+    (None, 'repeat-max'),
+    (None, 'repeat-min'),
+    (None, 'replace'),
+    (None, 'required'),
+    (None, 'rev'),
+    (None, 'rightspacing'),
+    (None, 'rows'),
+    (None, 'rowspan'),
+    (None, 'rules'),
+    (None, 'scope'),
+    (None, 'selected'),
+    (None, 'shape'),
+    (None, 'size'),
+    (None, 'span'),
+    (None, 'src'),
+    (None, 'start'),
+    (None, 'step'),
+    (None, 'style'),
+    (None, 'summary'),
+    (None, 'suppress'),
+    (None, 'tabindex'),
+    (None, 'target'),
+    (None, 'template'),
+    (None, 'title'),
+    (None, 'toppadding'),
+    (None, 'type'),
+    (None, 'unselectable'),
+    (None, 'usemap'),
+    (None, 'urn'),
+    (None, 'valign'),
+    (None, 'value'),
+    (None, 'variable'),
+    (None, 'volume'),
+    (None, 'vspace'),
+    (None, 'vrml'),
+    (None, 'width'),
+    (None, 'wrap'),
+    (namespaces['xml'], 'lang'),
+    # MathML attributes
+    (None, 'actiontype'),
+    (None, 'align'),
+    (None, 'columnalign'),
+    (None, 'columnalign'),
+    (None, 'columnalign'),
+    (None, 'columnlines'),
+    (None, 'columnspacing'),
+    (None, 'columnspan'),
+    (None, 'depth'),
+    (None, 'display'),
+    (None, 'displaystyle'),
+    (None, 'equalcolumns'),
+    (None, 'equalrows'),
+    (None, 'fence'),
+    (None, 'fontstyle'),
+    (None, 'fontweight'),
+    (None, 'frame'),
+    (None, 'height'),
+    (None, 'linethickness'),
+    (None, 'lspace'),
+    (None, 'mathbackground'),
+    (None, 'mathcolor'),
+    (None, 'mathvariant'),
+    (None, 'mathvariant'),
+    (None, 'maxsize'),
+    (None, 'minsize'),
+    (None, 'other'),
+    (None, 'rowalign'),
+    (None, 'rowalign'),
+    (None, 'rowalign'),
+    (None, 'rowlines'),
+    (None, 'rowspacing'),
+    (None, 'rowspan'),
+    (None, 'rspace'),
+    (None, 'scriptlevel'),
+    (None, 'selection'),
+    (None, 'separator'),
+    (None, 'stretchy'),
+    (None, 'width'),
+    (None, 'width'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'href'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'show'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'type'),
+    # SVG attributes
+    (None, 'accent-height'),
+    (None, 'accumulate'),
+    (None, 'additive'),
+    (None, 'alphabetic'),
+    (None, 'arabic-form'),
+    (None, 'ascent'),
+    (None, 'attributeName'),
+    (None, 'attributeType'),
+    (None, 'baseProfile'),
+    (None, 'bbox'),
+    (None, 'begin'),
+    (None, 'by'),
+    (None, 'calcMode'),
+    (None, 'cap-height'),
+    (None, 'class'),
+    (None, 'clip-path'),
+    (None, 'color'),
+    (None, 'color-rendering'),
+    (None, 'content'),
+    (None, 'cx'),
+    (None, 'cy'),
+    (None, 'd'),
+    (None, 'dx'),
+    (None, 'dy'),
+    (None, 'descent'),
+    (None, 'display'),
+    (None, 'dur'),
+    (None, 'end'),
+    (None, 'fill'),
+    (None, 'fill-opacity'),
+    (None, 'fill-rule'),
+    (None, 'font-family'),
+    (None, 'font-size'),
+    (None, 'font-stretch'),
+    (None, 'font-style'),
+    (None, 'font-variant'),
+    (None, 'font-weight'),
+    (None, 'from'),
+    (None, 'fx'),
+    (None, 'fy'),
+    (None, 'g1'),
+    (None, 'g2'),
+    (None, 'glyph-name'),
+    (None, 'gradientUnits'),
+    (None, 'hanging'),
+    (None, 'height'),
+    (None, 'horiz-adv-x'),
+    (None, 'horiz-origin-x'),
+    (None, 'id'),
+    (None, 'ideographic'),
+    (None, 'k'),
+    (None, 'keyPoints'),
+    (None, 'keySplines'),
+    (None, 'keyTimes'),
+    (None, 'lang'),
+    (None, 'marker-end'),
+    (None, 'marker-mid'),
+    (None, 'marker-start'),
+    (None, 'markerHeight'),
+    (None, 'markerUnits'),
+    (None, 'markerWidth'),
+    (None, 'mathematical'),
+    (None, 'max'),
+    (None, 'min'),
+    (None, 'name'),
+    (None, 'offset'),
+    (None, 'opacity'),
+    (None, 'orient'),
+    (None, 'origin'),
+    (None, 'overline-position'),
+    (None, 'overline-thickness'),
+    (None, 'panose-1'),
+    (None, 'path'),
+    (None, 'pathLength'),
+    (None, 'points'),
+    (None, 'preserveAspectRatio'),
+    (None, 'r'),
+    (None, 'refX'),
+    (None, 'refY'),
+    (None, 'repeatCount'),
+    (None, 'repeatDur'),
+    (None, 'requiredExtensions'),
+    (None, 'requiredFeatures'),
+    (None, 'restart'),
+    (None, 'rotate'),
+    (None, 'rx'),
+    (None, 'ry'),
+    (None, 'slope'),
+    (None, 'stemh'),
+    (None, 'stemv'),
+    (None, 'stop-color'),
+    (None, 'stop-opacity'),
+    (None, 'strikethrough-position'),
+    (None, 'strikethrough-thickness'),
+    (None, 'stroke'),
+    (None, 'stroke-dasharray'),
+    (None, 'stroke-dashoffset'),
+    (None, 'stroke-linecap'),
+    (None, 'stroke-linejoin'),
+    (None, 'stroke-miterlimit'),
+    (None, 'stroke-opacity'),
+    (None, 'stroke-width'),
+    (None, 'systemLanguage'),
+    (None, 'target'),
+    (None, 'text-anchor'),
+    (None, 'to'),
+    (None, 'transform'),
+    (None, 'type'),
+    (None, 'u1'),
+    (None, 'u2'),
+    (None, 'underline-position'),
+    (None, 'underline-thickness'),
+    (None, 'unicode'),
+    (None, 'unicode-range'),
+    (None, 'units-per-em'),
+    (None, 'values'),
+    (None, 'version'),
+    (None, 'viewBox'),
+    (None, 'visibility'),
+    (None, 'width'),
+    (None, 'widths'),
+    (None, 'x'),
+    (None, 'x-height'),
+    (None, 'x1'),
+    (None, 'x2'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'actuate'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'arcrole'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'href'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'role'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'show'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'title'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'type'),
+    (namespaces['xml'], 'base'),
+    (namespaces['xml'], 'lang'),
+    (namespaces['xml'], 'space'),
+    (None, 'y'),
+    (None, 'y1'),
+    (None, 'y2'),
+    (None, 'zoomAndPan'),
+))
+
+attr_val_is_uri = frozenset((
+    (None, 'href'),
+    (None, 'src'),
+    (None, 'cite'),
+    (None, 'action'),
+    (None, 'longdesc'),
+    (None, 'poster'),
+    (None, 'background'),
+    (None, 'datasrc'),
+    (None, 'dynsrc'),
+    (None, 'lowsrc'),
+    (None, 'ping'),
+    (namespaces['xlink'], 'href'),
+    (namespaces['xml'], 'base'),
+))
+
+svg_attr_val_allows_ref = frozenset((
+    (None, 'clip-path'),
+    (None, 'color-profile'),
+    (None, 'cursor'),
+    (None, 'fill'),
+    (None, 'filter'),
+    (None, 'marker'),
+    (None, 'marker-start'),
+    (None, 'marker-mid'),
+    (None, 'marker-end'),
+    (None, 'mask'),
+    (None, 'stroke'),
+))
+
+svg_allow_local_href = frozenset((
+    (None, 'altGlyph'),
+    (None, 'animate'),
+    (None, 'animateColor'),
+    (None, 'animateMotion'),
+    (None, 'animateTransform'),
+    (None, 'cursor'),
+    (None, 'feImage'),
+    (None, 'filter'),
+    (None, 'linearGradient'),
+    (None, 'pattern'),
+    (None, 'radialGradient'),
+    (None, 'textpath'),
+    (None, 'tref'),
+    (None, 'set'),
+    (None, 'use')
+))
+
+allowed_css_properties = frozenset((
+    'azimuth',
+    'background-color',
+    'border-bottom-color',
+    'border-collapse',
+    'border-color',
+    'border-left-color',
+    'border-right-color',
+    'border-top-color',
+    'clear',
+    'color',
+    'cursor',
+    'direction',
+    'display',
+    'elevation',
+    'float',
+    'font',
+    'font-family',
+    'font-size',
+    'font-style',
+    'font-variant',
+    'font-weight',
+    'height',
+    'letter-spacing',
+    'line-height',
+    'overflow',
+    'pause',
+    'pause-after',
+    'pause-before',
+    'pitch',
+    'pitch-range',
+    'richness',
+    'speak',
+    'speak-header',
+    'speak-numeral',
+    'speak-punctuation',
+    'speech-rate',
+    'stress',
+    'text-align',
+    'text-decoration',
+    'text-indent',
+    'unicode-bidi',
+    'vertical-align',
+    'voice-family',
+    'volume',
+    'white-space',
+    'width',
+))
+
+allowed_css_keywords = frozenset((
+    'auto',
+    'aqua',
+    'black',
+    'block',
+    'blue',
+    'bold',
+    'both',
+    'bottom',
+    'brown',
+    'center',
+    'collapse',
+    'dashed',
+    'dotted',
+    'fuchsia',
+    'gray',
+    'green',
+    '!important',
+    'italic',
+    'left',
+    'lime',
+    'maroon',
+    'medium',
+    'none',
+    'navy',
+    'normal',
+    'nowrap',
+    'olive',
+    'pointer',
+    'purple',
+    'red',
+    'right',
+    'solid',
+    'silver',
+    'teal',
+    'top',
+    'transparent',
+    'underline',
+    'white',
+    'yellow',
+))
+
+allowed_svg_properties = frozenset((
+    'fill',
+    'fill-opacity',
+    'fill-rule',
+    'stroke',
+    'stroke-width',
+    'stroke-linecap',
+    'stroke-linejoin',
+    'stroke-opacity',
+))
+
+allowed_protocols = frozenset((
+    'ed2k',
+    'ftp',
+    'http',
+    'https',
+    'irc',
+    'mailto',
+    'news',
+    'gopher',
+    'nntp',
+    'telnet',
+    'webcal',
+    'xmpp',
+    'callto',
+    'feed',
+    'urn',
+    'aim',
+    'rsync',
+    'tag',
+    'ssh',
+    'sftp',
+    'rtsp',
+    'afs',
+    'data',
+))
+
+allowed_content_types = frozenset((
+    'image/png',
+    'image/jpeg',
+    'image/gif',
+    'image/webp',
+    'image/bmp',
+    'text/plain',
+))
+
+
+data_content_type = re.compile(r'''
+                                ^
+                                # Match a content type <application>/<type>
+                                (?P<content_type>[-a-zA-Z0-9.]+/[-a-zA-Z0-9.]+)
+                                # Match any character set and encoding
+                                (?:(?:;charset=(?:[-a-zA-Z0-9]+)(?:;(?:base64))?)
+                                  |(?:;(?:base64))?(?:;charset=(?:[-a-zA-Z0-9]+))?)
+                                # Assume the rest is data
+                                ,.*
+                                $
+                                ''',
+                               re.VERBOSE)
+
+
+class Filter(base.Filter):
+    """Sanitizes token stream of XHTML+MathML+SVG and of inline style attributes"""
+    def __init__(self,
+                 source,
+                 allowed_elements=allowed_elements,
+                 allowed_attributes=allowed_attributes,
+                 allowed_css_properties=allowed_css_properties,
+                 allowed_css_keywords=allowed_css_keywords,
+                 allowed_svg_properties=allowed_svg_properties,
+                 allowed_protocols=allowed_protocols,
+                 allowed_content_types=allowed_content_types,
+                 attr_val_is_uri=attr_val_is_uri,
+                 svg_attr_val_allows_ref=svg_attr_val_allows_ref,
+                 svg_allow_local_href=svg_allow_local_href):
+        """Creates a Filter
+
+        :arg allowed_elements: set of elements to allow--everything else will
+            be escaped
+
+        :arg allowed_attributes: set of attributes to allow in
+            elements--everything else will be stripped
+
+        :arg allowed_css_properties: set of CSS properties to allow--everything
+            else will be stripped
+
+        :arg allowed_css_keywords: set of CSS keywords to allow--everything
+            else will be stripped
+
+        :arg allowed_svg_properties: set of SVG properties to allow--everything
+            else will be removed
+
+        :arg allowed_protocols: set of allowed protocols for URIs
+
+        :arg allowed_content_types: set of allowed content types for ``data`` URIs.
+
+        :arg attr_val_is_uri: set of attributes that have URI values--values
+            that have a scheme not listed in ``allowed_protocols`` are removed
+
+        :arg svg_attr_val_allows_ref: set of SVG attributes that can have
+            references
+
+        :arg svg_allow_local_href: set of SVG elements that can have local
+            hrefs--these are removed
+
+        """
+        super(Filter, self).__init__(source)
+
+        warnings.warn(_deprecation_msg, DeprecationWarning)
+
+        self.allowed_elements = allowed_elements
+        self.allowed_attributes = allowed_attributes
+        self.allowed_css_properties = allowed_css_properties
+        self.allowed_css_keywords = allowed_css_keywords
+        self.allowed_svg_properties = allowed_svg_properties
+        self.allowed_protocols = allowed_protocols
+        self.allowed_content_types = allowed_content_types
+        self.attr_val_is_uri = attr_val_is_uri
+        self.svg_attr_val_allows_ref = svg_attr_val_allows_ref
+        self.svg_allow_local_href = svg_allow_local_href
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for token in base.Filter.__iter__(self):
+            token = self.sanitize_token(token)
+            if token:
+                yield token
+
+    # Sanitize the +html+, escaping all elements not in ALLOWED_ELEMENTS, and
+    # stripping out all attributes not in ALLOWED_ATTRIBUTES. Style attributes
+    # are parsed, and a restricted set, specified by ALLOWED_CSS_PROPERTIES and
+    # ALLOWED_CSS_KEYWORDS, are allowed through. attributes in ATTR_VAL_IS_URI
+    # are scanned, and only URI schemes specified in ALLOWED_PROTOCOLS are
+    # allowed.
+    #
+    #   sanitize_html('<script> do_nasty_stuff() </script>')
+    #    => &lt;script> do_nasty_stuff() &lt;/script>
+    #   sanitize_html('<a href="javascript: sucker();">Click here for $100</a>')
+    #    => <a>Click here for $100</a>
+    def sanitize_token(self, token):
+
+        # accommodate filters which use token_type differently
+        token_type = token["type"]
+        if token_type in ("StartTag", "EndTag", "EmptyTag"):
+            name = token["name"]
+            namespace = token["namespace"]
+            if ((namespace, name) in self.allowed_elements or
+                (namespace is None and
+                 (namespaces["html"], name) in self.allowed_elements)):
+                return self.allowed_token(token)
+            else:
+                return self.disallowed_token(token)
+        elif token_type == "Comment":
+            pass
+        else:
+            return token
+
+    def allowed_token(self, token):
+        if "data" in token:
+            attrs = token["data"]
+            attr_names = set(attrs.keys())
+
+            # Remove forbidden attributes
+            for to_remove in (attr_names - self.allowed_attributes):
+                del token["data"][to_remove]
+                attr_names.remove(to_remove)
+
+            # Remove attributes with disallowed URL values
+            for attr in (attr_names & self.attr_val_is_uri):
+                assert attr in attrs
+                # I don't have a clue where this regexp comes from or why it matches those
+                # characters, nor why we call unescape. I just know it's always been here.
+                # Should you be worried by this comment in a sanitizer? Yes. On the other hand, all
+                # this will do is remove *more* than it otherwise would.
+                val_unescaped = re.sub("[`\x00-\x20\x7f-\xa0\\s]+", '',
+                                       unescape(attrs[attr])).lower()
+                # remove replacement characters from unescaped characters
+                val_unescaped = val_unescaped.replace("\ufffd", "")
+                try:
+                    uri = urlparse.urlparse(val_unescaped)
+                except ValueError:
+                    uri = None
+                    del attrs[attr]
+                if uri and uri.scheme:
+                    if uri.scheme not in self.allowed_protocols:
+                        del attrs[attr]
+                    if uri.scheme == 'data':
+                        m = data_content_type.match(uri.path)
+                        if not m:
+                            del attrs[attr]
+                        elif m.group('content_type') not in self.allowed_content_types:
+                            del attrs[attr]
+
+            for attr in self.svg_attr_val_allows_ref:
+                if attr in attrs:
+                    attrs[attr] = re.sub(r'url\s*\(\s*[^#\s][^)]+?\)',
+                                         ' ',
+                                         unescape(attrs[attr]))
+            if (token["name"] in self.svg_allow_local_href and
+                (namespaces['xlink'], 'href') in attrs and re.search(r'^\s*[^#\s].*',
+                                                                     attrs[(namespaces['xlink'], 'href')])):
+                del attrs[(namespaces['xlink'], 'href')]
+            if (None, 'style') in attrs:
+                attrs[(None, 'style')] = self.sanitize_css(attrs[(None, 'style')])
+            token["data"] = attrs
+        return token
+
+    def disallowed_token(self, token):
+        token_type = token["type"]
+        if token_type == "EndTag":
+            token["data"] = "</%s>" % token["name"]
+        elif token["data"]:
+            assert token_type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag")
+            attrs = []
+            for (ns, name), v in token["data"].items():
+                attrs.append(' %s="%s"' % (name if ns is None else "%s:%s" % (prefixes[ns], name), escape(v)))
+            token["data"] = "<%s%s>" % (token["name"], ''.join(attrs))
+        else:
+            token["data"] = "<%s>" % token["name"]
+        if token.get("selfClosing"):
+            token["data"] = token["data"][:-1] + "/>"
+
+        token["type"] = "Characters"
+
+        del token["name"]
+        return token
+
+    def sanitize_css(self, style):
+        # disallow urls
+        style = re.compile(r'url\s*\(\s*[^\s)]+?\s*\)\s*').sub(' ', style)
+
+        # gauntlet
+        if not re.match(r"""^([:,;#%.\sa-zA-Z0-9!]|\w-\w|'[\s\w]+'|"[\s\w]+"|\([\d,\s]+\))*$""", style):
+            return ''
+        if not re.match(r"^\s*([-\w]+\s*:[^:;]*(;\s*|$))*$", style):
+            return ''
+
+        clean = []
+        for prop, value in re.findall(r"([-\w]+)\s*:\s*([^:;]*)", style):
+            if not value:
+                continue
+            if prop.lower() in self.allowed_css_properties:
+                clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
+            elif prop.split('-')[0].lower() in ['background', 'border', 'margin',
+                                                'padding']:
+                for keyword in value.split():
+                    if keyword not in self.allowed_css_keywords and \
+                            not re.match(r"^(#[0-9a-fA-F]+|rgb\(\d+%?,\d*%?,?\d*%?\)?|\d{0,2}\.?\d{0,2}(cm|em|ex|in|mm|pc|pt|px|%|,|\))?)$", keyword):  # noqa
+                        break
+                else:
+                    clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
+            elif prop.lower() in self.allowed_svg_properties:
+                clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
+
+        return ' '.join(clean)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d12584
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+import re
+
+from . import base
+from ..constants import rcdataElements, spaceCharacters
+spaceCharacters = "".join(spaceCharacters)
+
+SPACES_REGEX = re.compile("[%s]+" % spaceCharacters)
+
+
+class Filter(base.Filter):
+    """Collapses whitespace except in pre, textarea, and script elements"""
+    spacePreserveElements = frozenset(["pre", "textarea"] + list(rcdataElements))
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        preserve = 0
+        for token in base.Filter.__iter__(self):
+            type = token["type"]
+            if type == "StartTag" \
+                    and (preserve or token["name"] in self.spacePreserveElements):
+                preserve += 1
+
+            elif type == "EndTag" and preserve:
+                preserve -= 1
+
+            elif not preserve and type == "SpaceCharacters" and token["data"]:
+                # Test on token["data"] above to not introduce spaces where there were not
+                token["data"] = " "
+
+            elif not preserve and type == "Characters":
+                token["data"] = collapse_spaces(token["data"])
+
+            yield token
+
+
+def collapse_spaces(text):
+    return SPACES_REGEX.sub(' ', text)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/html5parser.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/html5parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d06784f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/html5parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2795 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+from pip._vendor.six import with_metaclass, viewkeys
+
+import types
+
+from . import _inputstream
+from . import _tokenizer
+
+from . import treebuilders
+from .treebuilders.base import Marker
+
+from . import _utils
+from .constants import (
+    spaceCharacters, asciiUpper2Lower,
+    specialElements, headingElements, cdataElements, rcdataElements,
+    tokenTypes, tagTokenTypes,
+    namespaces,
+    htmlIntegrationPointElements, mathmlTextIntegrationPointElements,
+    adjustForeignAttributes as adjustForeignAttributesMap,
+    adjustMathMLAttributes, adjustSVGAttributes,
+    E,
+    _ReparseException
+)
+
+
+def parse(doc, treebuilder="etree", namespaceHTMLElements=True, **kwargs):
+    """Parse an HTML document as a string or file-like object into a tree
+
+    :arg doc: the document to parse as a string or file-like object
+
+    :arg treebuilder: the treebuilder to use when parsing
+
+    :arg namespaceHTMLElements: whether or not to namespace HTML elements
+
+    :returns: parsed tree
+
+    Example:
+
+    >>> from html5lib.html5parser import parse
+    >>> parse('<html><body><p>This is a doc</p></body></html>')
+    <Element u'{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}html' at 0x7feac4909db0>
+
+    """
+    tb = treebuilders.getTreeBuilder(treebuilder)
+    p = HTMLParser(tb, namespaceHTMLElements=namespaceHTMLElements)
+    return p.parse(doc, **kwargs)
+
+
+def parseFragment(doc, container="div", treebuilder="etree", namespaceHTMLElements=True, **kwargs):
+    """Parse an HTML fragment as a string or file-like object into a tree
+
+    :arg doc: the fragment to parse as a string or file-like object
+
+    :arg container: the container context to parse the fragment in
+
+    :arg treebuilder: the treebuilder to use when parsing
+
+    :arg namespaceHTMLElements: whether or not to namespace HTML elements
+
+    :returns: parsed tree
+
+    Example:
+
+    >>> from html5lib.html5libparser import parseFragment
+    >>> parseFragment('<b>this is a fragment</b>')
+    <Element u'DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT' at 0x7feac484b090>
+
+    """
+    tb = treebuilders.getTreeBuilder(treebuilder)
+    p = HTMLParser(tb, namespaceHTMLElements=namespaceHTMLElements)
+    return p.parseFragment(doc, container=container, **kwargs)
+
+
+def method_decorator_metaclass(function):
+    class Decorated(type):
+        def __new__(meta, classname, bases, classDict):
+            for attributeName, attribute in classDict.items():
+                if isinstance(attribute, types.FunctionType):
+                    attribute = function(attribute)
+
+                classDict[attributeName] = attribute
+            return type.__new__(meta, classname, bases, classDict)
+    return Decorated
+
+
+class HTMLParser(object):
+    """HTML parser
+
+    Generates a tree structure from a stream of (possibly malformed) HTML.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, tree=None, strict=False, namespaceHTMLElements=True, debug=False):
+        """
+        :arg tree: a treebuilder class controlling the type of tree that will be
+            returned. Built in treebuilders can be accessed through
+            html5lib.treebuilders.getTreeBuilder(treeType)
+
+        :arg strict: raise an exception when a parse error is encountered
+
+        :arg namespaceHTMLElements: whether or not to namespace HTML elements
+
+        :arg debug: whether or not to enable debug mode which logs things
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> from html5lib.html5parser import HTMLParser
+        >>> parser = HTMLParser()                     # generates parser with etree builder
+        >>> parser = HTMLParser('lxml', strict=True)  # generates parser with lxml builder which is strict
+
+        """
+
+        # Raise an exception on the first error encountered
+        self.strict = strict
+
+        if tree is None:
+            tree = treebuilders.getTreeBuilder("etree")
+        self.tree = tree(namespaceHTMLElements)
+        self.errors = []
+
+        self.phases = {name: cls(self, self.tree) for name, cls in
+                       getPhases(debug).items()}
+
+    def _parse(self, stream, innerHTML=False, container="div", scripting=False, **kwargs):
+
+        self.innerHTMLMode = innerHTML
+        self.container = container
+        self.scripting = scripting
+        self.tokenizer = _tokenizer.HTMLTokenizer(stream, parser=self, **kwargs)
+        self.reset()
+
+        try:
+            self.mainLoop()
+        except _ReparseException:
+            self.reset()
+            self.mainLoop()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self.tree.reset()
+        self.firstStartTag = False
+        self.errors = []
+        self.log = []  # only used with debug mode
+        # "quirks" / "limited quirks" / "no quirks"
+        self.compatMode = "no quirks"
+
+        if self.innerHTMLMode:
+            self.innerHTML = self.container.lower()
+
+            if self.innerHTML in cdataElements:
+                self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.rcdataState
+            elif self.innerHTML in rcdataElements:
+                self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.rawtextState
+            elif self.innerHTML == 'plaintext':
+                self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.plaintextState
+            else:
+                # state already is data state
+                # self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.dataState
+                pass
+            self.phase = self.phases["beforeHtml"]
+            self.phase.insertHtmlElement()
+            self.resetInsertionMode()
+        else:
+            self.innerHTML = False  # pylint:disable=redefined-variable-type
+            self.phase = self.phases["initial"]
+
+        self.lastPhase = None
+
+        self.beforeRCDataPhase = None
+
+        self.framesetOK = True
+
+    @property
+    def documentEncoding(self):
+        """Name of the character encoding that was used to decode the input stream, or
+        :obj:`None` if that is not determined yet
+
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, 'tokenizer'):
+            return None
+        return self.tokenizer.stream.charEncoding[0].name
+
+    def isHTMLIntegrationPoint(self, element):
+        if (element.name == "annotation-xml" and
+                element.namespace == namespaces["mathml"]):
+            return ("encoding" in element.attributes and
+                    element.attributes["encoding"].translate(
+                        asciiUpper2Lower) in
+                    ("text/html", "application/xhtml+xml"))
+        else:
+            return (element.namespace, element.name) in htmlIntegrationPointElements
+
+    def isMathMLTextIntegrationPoint(self, element):
+        return (element.namespace, element.name) in mathmlTextIntegrationPointElements
+
+    def mainLoop(self):
+        CharactersToken = tokenTypes["Characters"]
+        SpaceCharactersToken = tokenTypes["SpaceCharacters"]
+        StartTagToken = tokenTypes["StartTag"]
+        EndTagToken = tokenTypes["EndTag"]
+        CommentToken = tokenTypes["Comment"]
+        DoctypeToken = tokenTypes["Doctype"]
+        ParseErrorToken = tokenTypes["ParseError"]
+
+        for token in self.tokenizer:
+            prev_token = None
+            new_token = token
+            while new_token is not None:
+                prev_token = new_token
+                currentNode = self.tree.openElements[-1] if self.tree.openElements else None
+                currentNodeNamespace = currentNode.namespace if currentNode else None
+                currentNodeName = currentNode.name if currentNode else None
+
+                type = new_token["type"]
+
+                if type == ParseErrorToken:
+                    self.parseError(new_token["data"], new_token.get("datavars", {}))
+                    new_token = None
+                else:
+                    if (len(self.tree.openElements) == 0 or
+                        currentNodeNamespace == self.tree.defaultNamespace or
+                        (self.isMathMLTextIntegrationPoint(currentNode) and
+                         ((type == StartTagToken and
+                           token["name"] not in frozenset(["mglyph", "malignmark"])) or
+                          type in (CharactersToken, SpaceCharactersToken))) or
+                        (currentNodeNamespace == namespaces["mathml"] and
+                         currentNodeName == "annotation-xml" and
+                         type == StartTagToken and
+                         token["name"] == "svg") or
+                        (self.isHTMLIntegrationPoint(currentNode) and
+                         type in (StartTagToken, CharactersToken, SpaceCharactersToken))):
+                        phase = self.phase
+                    else:
+                        phase = self.phases["inForeignContent"]
+
+                    if type == CharactersToken:
+                        new_token = phase.processCharacters(new_token)
+                    elif type == SpaceCharactersToken:
+                        new_token = phase.processSpaceCharacters(new_token)
+                    elif type == StartTagToken:
+                        new_token = phase.processStartTag(new_token)
+                    elif type == EndTagToken:
+                        new_token = phase.processEndTag(new_token)
+                    elif type == CommentToken:
+                        new_token = phase.processComment(new_token)
+                    elif type == DoctypeToken:
+                        new_token = phase.processDoctype(new_token)
+
+            if (type == StartTagToken and prev_token["selfClosing"] and
+                    not prev_token["selfClosingAcknowledged"]):
+                self.parseError("non-void-element-with-trailing-solidus",
+                                {"name": prev_token["name"]})
+
+        # When the loop finishes it's EOF
+        reprocess = True
+        phases = []
+        while reprocess:
+            phases.append(self.phase)
+            reprocess = self.phase.processEOF()
+            if reprocess:
+                assert self.phase not in phases
+
+    def parse(self, stream, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Parse a HTML document into a well-formed tree
+
+        :arg stream: a file-like object or string containing the HTML to be parsed
+
+            The optional encoding parameter must be a string that indicates
+            the encoding.  If specified, that encoding will be used,
+            regardless of any BOM or later declaration (such as in a meta
+            element).
+
+        :arg scripting: treat noscript elements as if JavaScript was turned on
+
+        :returns: parsed tree
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> from html5lib.html5parser import HTMLParser
+        >>> parser = HTMLParser()
+        >>> parser.parse('<html><body><p>This is a doc</p></body></html>')
+        <Element u'{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}html' at 0x7feac4909db0>
+
+        """
+        self._parse(stream, False, None, *args, **kwargs)
+        return self.tree.getDocument()
+
+    def parseFragment(self, stream, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Parse a HTML fragment into a well-formed tree fragment
+
+        :arg container: name of the element we're setting the innerHTML
+            property if set to None, default to 'div'
+
+        :arg stream: a file-like object or string containing the HTML to be parsed
+
+            The optional encoding parameter must be a string that indicates
+            the encoding.  If specified, that encoding will be used,
+            regardless of any BOM or later declaration (such as in a meta
+            element)
+
+        :arg scripting: treat noscript elements as if JavaScript was turned on
+
+        :returns: parsed tree
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> from html5lib.html5libparser import HTMLParser
+        >>> parser = HTMLParser()
+        >>> parser.parseFragment('<b>this is a fragment</b>')
+        <Element u'DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT' at 0x7feac484b090>
+
+        """
+        self._parse(stream, True, *args, **kwargs)
+        return self.tree.getFragment()
+
+    def parseError(self, errorcode="XXX-undefined-error", datavars=None):
+        # XXX The idea is to make errorcode mandatory.
+        if datavars is None:
+            datavars = {}
+        self.errors.append((self.tokenizer.stream.position(), errorcode, datavars))
+        if self.strict:
+            raise ParseError(E[errorcode] % datavars)
+
+    def adjustMathMLAttributes(self, token):
+        adjust_attributes(token, adjustMathMLAttributes)
+
+    def adjustSVGAttributes(self, token):
+        adjust_attributes(token, adjustSVGAttributes)
+
+    def adjustForeignAttributes(self, token):
+        adjust_attributes(token, adjustForeignAttributesMap)
+
+    def reparseTokenNormal(self, token):
+        # pylint:disable=unused-argument
+        self.parser.phase()
+
+    def resetInsertionMode(self):
+        # The name of this method is mostly historical. (It's also used in the
+        # specification.)
+        last = False
+        newModes = {
+            "select": "inSelect",
+            "td": "inCell",
+            "th": "inCell",
+            "tr": "inRow",
+            "tbody": "inTableBody",
+            "thead": "inTableBody",
+            "tfoot": "inTableBody",
+            "caption": "inCaption",
+            "colgroup": "inColumnGroup",
+            "table": "inTable",
+            "head": "inBody",
+            "body": "inBody",
+            "frameset": "inFrameset",
+            "html": "beforeHead"
+        }
+        for node in self.tree.openElements[::-1]:
+            nodeName = node.name
+            new_phase = None
+            if node == self.tree.openElements[0]:
+                assert self.innerHTML
+                last = True
+                nodeName = self.innerHTML
+            # Check for conditions that should only happen in the innerHTML
+            # case
+            if nodeName in ("select", "colgroup", "head", "html"):
+                assert self.innerHTML
+
+            if not last and node.namespace != self.tree.defaultNamespace:
+                continue
+
+            if nodeName in newModes:
+                new_phase = self.phases[newModes[nodeName]]
+                break
+            elif last:
+                new_phase = self.phases["inBody"]
+                break
+
+        self.phase = new_phase
+
+    def parseRCDataRawtext(self, token, contentType):
+        # Generic RCDATA/RAWTEXT Parsing algorithm
+        assert contentType in ("RAWTEXT", "RCDATA")
+
+        self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        if contentType == "RAWTEXT":
+            self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.rawtextState
+        else:
+            self.tokenizer.state = self.tokenizer.rcdataState
+
+        self.originalPhase = self.phase
+
+        self.phase = self.phases["text"]
+
+
+@_utils.memoize
+def getPhases(debug):
+    def log(function):
+        """Logger that records which phase processes each token"""
+        type_names = {value: key for key, value in tokenTypes.items()}
+
+        def wrapped(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            if function.__name__.startswith("process") and len(args) > 0:
+                token = args[0]
+                info = {"type": type_names[token['type']]}
+                if token['type'] in tagTokenTypes:
+                    info["name"] = token['name']
+
+                self.parser.log.append((self.parser.tokenizer.state.__name__,
+                                        self.parser.phase.__class__.__name__,
+                                        self.__class__.__name__,
+                                        function.__name__,
+                                        info))
+                return function(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            else:
+                return function(self, *args, **kwargs)
+        return wrapped
+
+    def getMetaclass(use_metaclass, metaclass_func):
+        if use_metaclass:
+            return method_decorator_metaclass(metaclass_func)
+        else:
+            return type
+
+    # pylint:disable=unused-argument
+    class Phase(with_metaclass(getMetaclass(debug, log))):
+        """Base class for helper object that implements each phase of processing
+        """
+        __slots__ = ("parser", "tree", "__startTagCache", "__endTagCache")
+
+        def __init__(self, parser, tree):
+            self.parser = parser
+            self.tree = tree
+            self.__startTagCache = {}
+            self.__endTagCache = {}
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        def processComment(self, token):
+            # For most phases the following is correct. Where it's not it will be
+            # overridden.
+            self.tree.insertComment(token, self.tree.openElements[-1])
+
+        def processDoctype(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-doctype")
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertText(token["data"])
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertText(token["data"])
+
+        def processStartTag(self, token):
+            # Note the caching is done here rather than BoundMethodDispatcher as doing it there
+            # requires a circular reference to the Phase, and this ends up with a significant
+            # (CPython 2.7, 3.8) GC cost when parsing many short inputs
+            name = token["name"]
+            # In Py2, using `in` is quicker in general than try/except KeyError
+            # In Py3, `in` is quicker when there are few cache hits (typically short inputs)
+            if name in self.__startTagCache:
+                func = self.__startTagCache[name]
+            else:
+                func = self.__startTagCache[name] = self.startTagHandler[name]
+                # bound the cache size in case we get loads of unknown tags
+                while len(self.__startTagCache) > len(self.startTagHandler) * 1.1:
+                    # this makes the eviction policy random on Py < 3.7 and FIFO >= 3.7
+                    self.__startTagCache.pop(next(iter(self.__startTagCache)))
+            return func(token)
+
+        def startTagHtml(self, token):
+            if not self.parser.firstStartTag and token["name"] == "html":
+                self.parser.parseError("non-html-root")
+            # XXX Need a check here to see if the first start tag token emitted is
+            # this token... If it's not, invoke self.parser.parseError().
+            for attr, value in token["data"].items():
+                if attr not in self.tree.openElements[0].attributes:
+                    self.tree.openElements[0].attributes[attr] = value
+            self.parser.firstStartTag = False
+
+        def processEndTag(self, token):
+            # Note the caching is done here rather than BoundMethodDispatcher as doing it there
+            # requires a circular reference to the Phase, and this ends up with a significant
+            # (CPython 2.7, 3.8) GC cost when parsing many short inputs
+            name = token["name"]
+            # In Py2, using `in` is quicker in general than try/except KeyError
+            # In Py3, `in` is quicker when there are few cache hits (typically short inputs)
+            if name in self.__endTagCache:
+                func = self.__endTagCache[name]
+            else:
+                func = self.__endTagCache[name] = self.endTagHandler[name]
+                # bound the cache size in case we get loads of unknown tags
+                while len(self.__endTagCache) > len(self.endTagHandler) * 1.1:
+                    # this makes the eviction policy random on Py < 3.7 and FIFO >= 3.7
+                    self.__endTagCache.pop(next(iter(self.__endTagCache)))
+            return func(token)
+
+    class InitialPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            pass
+
+        def processComment(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertComment(token, self.tree.document)
+
+        def processDoctype(self, token):
+            name = token["name"]
+            publicId = token["publicId"]
+            systemId = token["systemId"]
+            correct = token["correct"]
+
+            if (name != "html" or publicId is not None or
+                    systemId is not None and systemId != "about:legacy-compat"):
+                self.parser.parseError("unknown-doctype")
+
+            if publicId is None:
+                publicId = ""
+
+            self.tree.insertDoctype(token)
+
+            if publicId != "":
+                publicId = publicId.translate(asciiUpper2Lower)
+
+            if (not correct or token["name"] != "html" or
+                    publicId.startswith(
+                        ("+//silmaril//dtd html pro v0r11 19970101//",
+                         "-//advasoft ltd//dtd html 3.0 aswedit + extensions//",
+                         "-//as//dtd html 3.0 aswedit + extensions//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 level 1//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 level 2//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 strict level 1//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 strict level 2//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0 strict//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 2.0//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 2.1e//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 3.0//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 3.2 final//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 3.2//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html 3//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html level 0//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html level 1//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html level 2//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html level 3//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html strict level 0//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html strict level 1//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html strict level 2//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html strict level 3//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html strict//",
+                         "-//ietf//dtd html//",
+                         "-//metrius//dtd metrius presentational//",
+                         "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 2.0 html strict//",
+                         "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 2.0 html//",
+                         "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 2.0 tables//",
+                         "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 3.0 html strict//",
+                         "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 3.0 html//",
+                         "-//microsoft//dtd internet explorer 3.0 tables//",
+                         "-//netscape comm. corp.//dtd html//",
+                         "-//netscape comm. corp.//dtd strict html//",
+                         "-//o'reilly and associates//dtd html 2.0//",
+                         "-//o'reilly and associates//dtd html extended 1.0//",
+                         "-//o'reilly and associates//dtd html extended relaxed 1.0//",
+                         "-//softquad software//dtd hotmetal pro 6.0::19990601::extensions to html 4.0//",
+                         "-//softquad//dtd hotmetal pro 4.0::19971010::extensions to html 4.0//",
+                         "-//spyglass//dtd html 2.0 extended//",
+                         "-//sq//dtd html 2.0 hotmetal + extensions//",
+                         "-//sun microsystems corp.//dtd hotjava html//",
+                         "-//sun microsystems corp.//dtd hotjava strict html//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html 3 1995-03-24//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html 3.2 draft//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html 3.2 final//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html 3.2//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html 3.2s draft//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 frameset//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html experimental 19960712//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html experimental 970421//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd w3 html//",
+                         "-//w3o//dtd w3 html 3.0//",
+                         "-//webtechs//dtd mozilla html 2.0//",
+                         "-//webtechs//dtd mozilla html//")) or
+                    publicId in ("-//w3o//dtd w3 html strict 3.0//en//",
+                                 "-/w3c/dtd html 4.0 transitional/en",
+                                 "html") or
+                    publicId.startswith(
+                        ("-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 frameset//",
+                         "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//")) and
+                    systemId is None or
+                    systemId and systemId.lower() == "http://www.ibm.com/data/dtd/v11/ibmxhtml1-transitional.dtd"):
+                self.parser.compatMode = "quirks"
+            elif (publicId.startswith(
+                    ("-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 frameset//",
+                     "-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 transitional//")) or
+                  publicId.startswith(
+                      ("-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 frameset//",
+                       "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//")) and
+                  systemId is not None):
+                self.parser.compatMode = "limited quirks"
+
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["beforeHtml"]
+
+        def anythingElse(self):
+            self.parser.compatMode = "quirks"
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["beforeHtml"]
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-doctype-but-got-chars")
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def processStartTag(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-doctype-but-got-start-tag",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def processEndTag(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-doctype-but-got-end-tag",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-doctype-but-got-eof")
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return True
+
+    class BeforeHtmlPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        # helper methods
+        def insertHtmlElement(self):
+            self.tree.insertRoot(impliedTagToken("html", "StartTag"))
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["beforeHead"]
+
+        # other
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.insertHtmlElement()
+            return True
+
+        def processComment(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertComment(token, self.tree.document)
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            pass
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.insertHtmlElement()
+            return token
+
+        def processStartTag(self, token):
+            if token["name"] == "html":
+                self.parser.firstStartTag = True
+            self.insertHtmlElement()
+            return token
+
+        def processEndTag(self, token):
+            if token["name"] not in ("head", "body", "html", "br"):
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-before-html",
+                                       {"name": token["name"]})
+            else:
+                self.insertHtmlElement()
+                return token
+
+    class BeforeHeadPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.startTagHead(impliedTagToken("head", "StartTag"))
+            return True
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            pass
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.startTagHead(impliedTagToken("head", "StartTag"))
+            return token
+
+        def startTagHtml(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagHead(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.tree.headPointer = self.tree.openElements[-1]
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inHead"]
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.startTagHead(impliedTagToken("head", "StartTag"))
+            return token
+
+        def endTagImplyHead(self, token):
+            self.startTagHead(impliedTagToken("head", "StartTag"))
+            return token
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("end-tag-after-implied-root",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", startTagHtml),
+            ("head", startTagHead)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            (("head", "body", "html", "br"), endTagImplyHead)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InHeadPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        # the real thing
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return True
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def startTagHtml(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagHead(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("two-heads-are-not-better-than-one")
+
+        def startTagBaseLinkCommand(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+
+        def startTagMeta(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+
+            attributes = token["data"]
+            if self.parser.tokenizer.stream.charEncoding[1] == "tentative":
+                if "charset" in attributes:
+                    self.parser.tokenizer.stream.changeEncoding(attributes["charset"])
+                elif ("content" in attributes and
+                      "http-equiv" in attributes and
+                      attributes["http-equiv"].lower() == "content-type"):
+                    # Encoding it as UTF-8 here is a hack, as really we should pass
+                    # the abstract Unicode string, and just use the
+                    # ContentAttrParser on that, but using UTF-8 allows all chars
+                    # to be encoded and as a ASCII-superset works.
+                    data = _inputstream.EncodingBytes(attributes["content"].encode("utf-8"))
+                    parser = _inputstream.ContentAttrParser(data)
+                    codec = parser.parse()
+                    self.parser.tokenizer.stream.changeEncoding(codec)
+
+        def startTagTitle(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseRCDataRawtext(token, "RCDATA")
+
+        def startTagNoFramesStyle(self, token):
+            # Need to decide whether to implement the scripting-disabled case
+            self.parser.parseRCDataRawtext(token, "RAWTEXT")
+
+        def startTagNoscript(self, token):
+            if self.parser.scripting:
+                self.parser.parseRCDataRawtext(token, "RAWTEXT")
+            else:
+                self.tree.insertElement(token)
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inHeadNoscript"]
+
+        def startTagScript(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.tokenizer.state = self.parser.tokenizer.scriptDataState
+            self.parser.originalPhase = self.parser.phase
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["text"]
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def endTagHead(self, token):
+            node = self.parser.tree.openElements.pop()
+            assert node.name == "head", "Expected head got %s" % node.name
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["afterHead"]
+
+        def endTagHtmlBodyBr(self, token):
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def anythingElse(self):
+            self.endTagHead(impliedTagToken("head"))
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", startTagHtml),
+            ("title", startTagTitle),
+            (("noframes", "style"), startTagNoFramesStyle),
+            ("noscript", startTagNoscript),
+            ("script", startTagScript),
+            (("base", "basefont", "bgsound", "command", "link"),
+             startTagBaseLinkCommand),
+            ("meta", startTagMeta),
+            ("head", startTagHead)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("head", endTagHead),
+            (("br", "html", "body"), endTagHtmlBodyBr)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InHeadNoscriptPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.parser.parseError("eof-in-head-noscript")
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return True
+
+        def processComment(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processComment(token)
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("char-in-head-noscript")
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processSpaceCharacters(token)
+
+        def startTagHtml(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagBaseLinkCommand(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagHeadNoscript(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-inhead-noscript-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def endTagNoscript(self, token):
+            node = self.parser.tree.openElements.pop()
+            assert node.name == "noscript", "Expected noscript got %s" % node.name
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inHead"]
+
+        def endTagBr(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-inhead-noscript-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def anythingElse(self):
+            # Caller must raise parse error first!
+            self.endTagNoscript(impliedTagToken("noscript"))
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", startTagHtml),
+            (("basefont", "bgsound", "link", "meta", "noframes", "style"), startTagBaseLinkCommand),
+            (("head", "noscript"), startTagHeadNoscript),
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("noscript", endTagNoscript),
+            ("br", endTagBr),
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class AfterHeadPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return True
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def startTagHtml(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagBody(self, token):
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+
+        def startTagFrameset(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inFrameset"]
+
+        def startTagFromHead(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-out-of-my-head",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.tree.openElements.append(self.tree.headPointer)
+            self.parser.phases["inHead"].processStartTag(token)
+            for node in self.tree.openElements[::-1]:
+                if node.name == "head":
+                    self.tree.openElements.remove(node)
+                    break
+
+        def startTagHead(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def endTagHtmlBodyBr(self, token):
+            self.anythingElse()
+            return token
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def anythingElse(self):
+            self.tree.insertElement(impliedTagToken("body", "StartTag"))
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+            self.parser.framesetOK = True
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", startTagHtml),
+            ("body", startTagBody),
+            ("frameset", startTagFrameset),
+            (("base", "basefont", "bgsound", "link", "meta", "noframes", "script",
+              "style", "title"),
+             startTagFromHead),
+            ("head", startTagHead)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([(("body", "html", "br"),
+                                                  endTagHtmlBodyBr)])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InBodyPhase(Phase):
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#parsing-main-inbody
+        # the really-really-really-very crazy mode
+        __slots__ = ("processSpaceCharacters",)
+
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            super(InBodyPhase, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            # Set this to the default handler
+            self.processSpaceCharacters = self.processSpaceCharactersNonPre
+
+        def isMatchingFormattingElement(self, node1, node2):
+            return (node1.name == node2.name and
+                    node1.namespace == node2.namespace and
+                    node1.attributes == node2.attributes)
+
+        # helper
+        def addFormattingElement(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            element = self.tree.openElements[-1]
+
+            matchingElements = []
+            for node in self.tree.activeFormattingElements[::-1]:
+                if node is Marker:
+                    break
+                elif self.isMatchingFormattingElement(node, element):
+                    matchingElements.append(node)
+
+            assert len(matchingElements) <= 3
+            if len(matchingElements) == 3:
+                self.tree.activeFormattingElements.remove(matchingElements[-1])
+            self.tree.activeFormattingElements.append(element)
+
+        # the real deal
+        def processEOF(self):
+            allowed_elements = frozenset(("dd", "dt", "li", "p", "tbody", "td",
+                                          "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr", "body",
+                                          "html"))
+            for node in self.tree.openElements[::-1]:
+                if node.name not in allowed_elements:
+                    self.parser.parseError("expected-closing-tag-but-got-eof")
+                    break
+            # Stop parsing
+
+        def processSpaceCharactersDropNewline(self, token):
+            # Sometimes (start of <pre>, <listing>, and <textarea> blocks) we
+            # want to drop leading newlines
+            data = token["data"]
+            self.processSpaceCharacters = self.processSpaceCharactersNonPre
+            if (data.startswith("\n") and
+                self.tree.openElements[-1].name in ("pre", "listing", "textarea") and
+                    not self.tree.openElements[-1].hasContent()):
+                data = data[1:]
+            if data:
+                self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+                self.tree.insertText(data)
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            if token["data"] == "\u0000":
+                # The tokenizer should always emit null on its own
+                return
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.tree.insertText(token["data"])
+            # This must be bad for performance
+            if (self.parser.framesetOK and
+                any([char not in spaceCharacters
+                     for char in token["data"]])):
+                self.parser.framesetOK = False
+
+        def processSpaceCharactersNonPre(self, token):
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.tree.insertText(token["data"])
+
+        def startTagProcessInHead(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagBody(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag", {"name": "body"})
+            if (len(self.tree.openElements) == 1 or
+                    self.tree.openElements[1].name != "body"):
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+            else:
+                self.parser.framesetOK = False
+                for attr, value in token["data"].items():
+                    if attr not in self.tree.openElements[1].attributes:
+                        self.tree.openElements[1].attributes[attr] = value
+
+        def startTagFrameset(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag", {"name": "frameset"})
+            if (len(self.tree.openElements) == 1 or self.tree.openElements[1].name != "body"):
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+            elif not self.parser.framesetOK:
+                pass
+            else:
+                if self.tree.openElements[1].parent:
+                    self.tree.openElements[1].parent.removeChild(self.tree.openElements[1])
+                while self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "html":
+                    self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.tree.insertElement(token)
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inFrameset"]
+
+        def startTagCloseP(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                self.endTagP(impliedTagToken("p"))
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        def startTagPreListing(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                self.endTagP(impliedTagToken("p"))
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+            self.processSpaceCharacters = self.processSpaceCharactersDropNewline
+
+        def startTagForm(self, token):
+            if self.tree.formPointer:
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag", {"name": "form"})
+            else:
+                if self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                    self.endTagP(impliedTagToken("p"))
+                self.tree.insertElement(token)
+                self.tree.formPointer = self.tree.openElements[-1]
+
+        def startTagListItem(self, token):
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+
+            stopNamesMap = {"li": ["li"],
+                            "dt": ["dt", "dd"],
+                            "dd": ["dt", "dd"]}
+            stopNames = stopNamesMap[token["name"]]
+            for node in reversed(self.tree.openElements):
+                if node.name in stopNames:
+                    self.parser.phase.processEndTag(
+                        impliedTagToken(node.name, "EndTag"))
+                    break
+                if (node.nameTuple in specialElements and
+                        node.name not in ("address", "div", "p")):
+                    break
+
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                self.parser.phase.processEndTag(
+                    impliedTagToken("p", "EndTag"))
+
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        def startTagPlaintext(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                self.endTagP(impliedTagToken("p"))
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.tokenizer.state = self.parser.tokenizer.plaintextState
+
+        def startTagHeading(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                self.endTagP(impliedTagToken("p"))
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name in headingElements:
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        def startTagA(self, token):
+            afeAElement = self.tree.elementInActiveFormattingElements("a")
+            if afeAElement:
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-implies-end-tag",
+                                       {"startName": "a", "endName": "a"})
+                self.endTagFormatting(impliedTagToken("a"))
+                if afeAElement in self.tree.openElements:
+                    self.tree.openElements.remove(afeAElement)
+                if afeAElement in self.tree.activeFormattingElements:
+                    self.tree.activeFormattingElements.remove(afeAElement)
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.addFormattingElement(token)
+
+        def startTagFormatting(self, token):
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.addFormattingElement(token)
+
+        def startTagNobr(self, token):
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("nobr"):
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-implies-end-tag",
+                                       {"startName": "nobr", "endName": "nobr"})
+                self.processEndTag(impliedTagToken("nobr"))
+                # XXX Need tests that trigger the following
+                self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.addFormattingElement(token)
+
+        def startTagButton(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("button"):
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-implies-end-tag",
+                                       {"startName": "button", "endName": "button"})
+                self.processEndTag(impliedTagToken("button"))
+                return token
+            else:
+                self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+                self.tree.insertElement(token)
+                self.parser.framesetOK = False
+
+        def startTagAppletMarqueeObject(self, token):
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.tree.activeFormattingElements.append(Marker)
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+
+        def startTagXmp(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                self.endTagP(impliedTagToken("p"))
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+            self.parser.parseRCDataRawtext(token, "RAWTEXT")
+
+        def startTagTable(self, token):
+            if self.parser.compatMode != "quirks":
+                if self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                    self.processEndTag(impliedTagToken("p"))
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inTable"]
+
+        def startTagVoidFormatting(self, token):
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+
+        def startTagInput(self, token):
+            framesetOK = self.parser.framesetOK
+            self.startTagVoidFormatting(token)
+            if ("type" in token["data"] and
+                    token["data"]["type"].translate(asciiUpper2Lower) == "hidden"):
+                # input type=hidden doesn't change framesetOK
+                self.parser.framesetOK = framesetOK
+
+        def startTagParamSource(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+
+        def startTagHr(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                self.endTagP(impliedTagToken("p"))
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+
+        def startTagImage(self, token):
+            # No really...
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-treated-as",
+                                   {"originalName": "image", "newName": "img"})
+            self.processStartTag(impliedTagToken("img", "StartTag",
+                                                 attributes=token["data"],
+                                                 selfClosing=token["selfClosing"]))
+
+        def startTagIsIndex(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("deprecated-tag", {"name": "isindex"})
+            if self.tree.formPointer:
+                return
+            form_attrs = {}
+            if "action" in token["data"]:
+                form_attrs["action"] = token["data"]["action"]
+            self.processStartTag(impliedTagToken("form", "StartTag",
+                                                 attributes=form_attrs))
+            self.processStartTag(impliedTagToken("hr", "StartTag"))
+            self.processStartTag(impliedTagToken("label", "StartTag"))
+            # XXX Localization ...
+            if "prompt" in token["data"]:
+                prompt = token["data"]["prompt"]
+            else:
+                prompt = "This is a searchable index. Enter search keywords: "
+            self.processCharacters(
+                {"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": prompt})
+            attributes = token["data"].copy()
+            if "action" in attributes:
+                del attributes["action"]
+            if "prompt" in attributes:
+                del attributes["prompt"]
+            attributes["name"] = "isindex"
+            self.processStartTag(impliedTagToken("input", "StartTag",
+                                                 attributes=attributes,
+                                                 selfClosing=token["selfClosing"]))
+            self.processEndTag(impliedTagToken("label"))
+            self.processStartTag(impliedTagToken("hr", "StartTag"))
+            self.processEndTag(impliedTagToken("form"))
+
+        def startTagTextarea(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.tokenizer.state = self.parser.tokenizer.rcdataState
+            self.processSpaceCharacters = self.processSpaceCharactersDropNewline
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+
+        def startTagIFrame(self, token):
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+            self.startTagRawtext(token)
+
+        def startTagNoscript(self, token):
+            if self.parser.scripting:
+                self.startTagRawtext(token)
+            else:
+                self.startTagOther(token)
+
+        def startTagRawtext(self, token):
+            """iframe, noembed noframes, noscript(if scripting enabled)"""
+            self.parser.parseRCDataRawtext(token, "RAWTEXT")
+
+        def startTagOpt(self, token):
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "option":
+                self.parser.phase.processEndTag(impliedTagToken("option"))
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.parser.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        def startTagSelect(self, token):
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.framesetOK = False
+            if self.parser.phase in (self.parser.phases["inTable"],
+                                     self.parser.phases["inCaption"],
+                                     self.parser.phases["inColumnGroup"],
+                                     self.parser.phases["inTableBody"],
+                                     self.parser.phases["inRow"],
+                                     self.parser.phases["inCell"]):
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inSelectInTable"]
+            else:
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inSelect"]
+
+        def startTagRpRt(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("ruby"):
+                self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags()
+                if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "ruby":
+                    self.parser.parseError()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        def startTagMath(self, token):
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.parser.adjustMathMLAttributes(token)
+            self.parser.adjustForeignAttributes(token)
+            token["namespace"] = namespaces["mathml"]
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            # Need to get the parse error right for the case where the token
+            # has a namespace not equal to the xmlns attribute
+            if token["selfClosing"]:
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+
+        def startTagSvg(self, token):
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.parser.adjustSVGAttributes(token)
+            self.parser.adjustForeignAttributes(token)
+            token["namespace"] = namespaces["svg"]
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            # Need to get the parse error right for the case where the token
+            # has a namespace not equal to the xmlns attribute
+            if token["selfClosing"]:
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+
+        def startTagMisplaced(self, token):
+            """ Elements that should be children of other elements that have a
+            different insertion mode; here they are ignored
+            "caption", "col", "colgroup", "frame", "frameset", "head",
+            "option", "optgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead",
+            "tr", "noscript"
+            """
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-ignored", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        def endTagP(self, token):
+            if not self.tree.elementInScope("p", variant="button"):
+                self.startTagCloseP(impliedTagToken("p", "StartTag"))
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": "p"})
+                self.endTagP(impliedTagToken("p", "EndTag"))
+            else:
+                self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags("p")
+                if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "p":
+                    self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": "p"})
+                node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                while node.name != "p":
+                    node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+
+        def endTagBody(self, token):
+            if not self.tree.elementInScope("body"):
+                self.parser.parseError()
+                return
+            elif self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "body":
+                for node in self.tree.openElements[2:]:
+                    if node.name not in frozenset(("dd", "dt", "li", "optgroup",
+                                                   "option", "p", "rp", "rt",
+                                                   "tbody", "td", "tfoot",
+                                                   "th", "thead", "tr", "body",
+                                                   "html")):
+                        # Not sure this is the correct name for the parse error
+                        self.parser.parseError(
+                            "expected-one-end-tag-but-got-another",
+                            {"gotName": "body", "expectedName": node.name})
+                        break
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["afterBody"]
+
+        def endTagHtml(self, token):
+            # We repeat the test for the body end tag token being ignored here
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("body"):
+                self.endTagBody(impliedTagToken("body"))
+                return token
+
+        def endTagBlock(self, token):
+            # Put us back in the right whitespace handling mode
+            if token["name"] == "pre":
+                self.processSpaceCharacters = self.processSpaceCharactersNonPre
+            inScope = self.tree.elementInScope(token["name"])
+            if inScope:
+                self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags()
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != token["name"]:
+                self.parser.parseError("end-tag-too-early", {"name": token["name"]})
+            if inScope:
+                node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                while node.name != token["name"]:
+                    node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+
+        def endTagForm(self, token):
+            node = self.tree.formPointer
+            self.tree.formPointer = None
+            if node is None or not self.tree.elementInScope(node):
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag",
+                                       {"name": "form"})
+            else:
+                self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags()
+                if self.tree.openElements[-1] != node:
+                    self.parser.parseError("end-tag-too-early-ignored",
+                                           {"name": "form"})
+                self.tree.openElements.remove(node)
+
+        def endTagListItem(self, token):
+            if token["name"] == "li":
+                variant = "list"
+            else:
+                variant = None
+            if not self.tree.elementInScope(token["name"], variant=variant):
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+            else:
+                self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags(exclude=token["name"])
+                if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != token["name"]:
+                    self.parser.parseError(
+                        "end-tag-too-early",
+                        {"name": token["name"]})
+                node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                while node.name != token["name"]:
+                    node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+
+        def endTagHeading(self, token):
+            for item in headingElements:
+                if self.tree.elementInScope(item):
+                    self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags()
+                    break
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != token["name"]:
+                self.parser.parseError("end-tag-too-early", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+            for item in headingElements:
+                if self.tree.elementInScope(item):
+                    item = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                    while item.name not in headingElements:
+                        item = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                    break
+
+        def endTagFormatting(self, token):
+            """The much-feared adoption agency algorithm"""
+            # http://svn.whatwg.org/webapps/complete.html#adoptionAgency revision 7867
+            # XXX Better parseError messages appreciated.
+
+            # Step 1
+            outerLoopCounter = 0
+
+            # Step 2
+            while outerLoopCounter < 8:
+
+                # Step 3
+                outerLoopCounter += 1
+
+                # Step 4:
+
+                # Let the formatting element be the last element in
+                # the list of active formatting elements that:
+                # - is between the end of the list and the last scope
+                # marker in the list, if any, or the start of the list
+                # otherwise, and
+                # - has the same tag name as the token.
+                formattingElement = self.tree.elementInActiveFormattingElements(
+                    token["name"])
+                if (not formattingElement or
+                    (formattingElement in self.tree.openElements and
+                     not self.tree.elementInScope(formattingElement.name))):
+                    # If there is no such node, then abort these steps
+                    # and instead act as described in the "any other
+                    # end tag" entry below.
+                    self.endTagOther(token)
+                    return
+
+                # Otherwise, if there is such a node, but that node is
+                # not in the stack of open elements, then this is a
+                # parse error; remove the element from the list, and
+                # abort these steps.
+                elif formattingElement not in self.tree.openElements:
+                    self.parser.parseError("adoption-agency-1.2", {"name": token["name"]})
+                    self.tree.activeFormattingElements.remove(formattingElement)
+                    return
+
+                # Otherwise, if there is such a node, and that node is
+                # also in the stack of open elements, but the element
+                # is not in scope, then this is a parse error; ignore
+                # the token, and abort these steps.
+                elif not self.tree.elementInScope(formattingElement.name):
+                    self.parser.parseError("adoption-agency-4.4", {"name": token["name"]})
+                    return
+
+                # Otherwise, there is a formatting element and that
+                # element is in the stack and is in scope. If the
+                # element is not the current node, this is a parse
+                # error. In any case, proceed with the algorithm as
+                # written in the following steps.
+                else:
+                    if formattingElement != self.tree.openElements[-1]:
+                        self.parser.parseError("adoption-agency-1.3", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+                # Step 5:
+
+                # Let the furthest block be the topmost node in the
+                # stack of open elements that is lower in the stack
+                # than the formatting element, and is an element in
+                # the special category. There might not be one.
+                afeIndex = self.tree.openElements.index(formattingElement)
+                furthestBlock = None
+                for element in self.tree.openElements[afeIndex:]:
+                    if element.nameTuple in specialElements:
+                        furthestBlock = element
+                        break
+
+                # Step 6:
+
+                # If there is no furthest block, then the UA must
+                # first pop all the nodes from the bottom of the stack
+                # of open elements, from the current node up to and
+                # including the formatting element, then remove the
+                # formatting element from the list of active
+                # formatting elements, and finally abort these steps.
+                if furthestBlock is None:
+                    element = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                    while element != formattingElement:
+                        element = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                    self.tree.activeFormattingElements.remove(element)
+                    return
+
+                # Step 7
+                commonAncestor = self.tree.openElements[afeIndex - 1]
+
+                # Step 8:
+                # The bookmark is supposed to help us identify where to reinsert
+                # nodes in step 15. We have to ensure that we reinsert nodes after
+                # the node before the active formatting element. Note the bookmark
+                # can move in step 9.7
+                bookmark = self.tree.activeFormattingElements.index(formattingElement)
+
+                # Step 9
+                lastNode = node = furthestBlock
+                innerLoopCounter = 0
+
+                index = self.tree.openElements.index(node)
+                while innerLoopCounter < 3:
+                    innerLoopCounter += 1
+                    # Node is element before node in open elements
+                    index -= 1
+                    node = self.tree.openElements[index]
+                    if node not in self.tree.activeFormattingElements:
+                        self.tree.openElements.remove(node)
+                        continue
+                    # Step 9.6
+                    if node == formattingElement:
+                        break
+                    # Step 9.7
+                    if lastNode == furthestBlock:
+                        bookmark = self.tree.activeFormattingElements.index(node) + 1
+                    # Step 9.8
+                    clone = node.cloneNode()
+                    # Replace node with clone
+                    self.tree.activeFormattingElements[
+                        self.tree.activeFormattingElements.index(node)] = clone
+                    self.tree.openElements[
+                        self.tree.openElements.index(node)] = clone
+                    node = clone
+                    # Step 9.9
+                    # Remove lastNode from its parents, if any
+                    if lastNode.parent:
+                        lastNode.parent.removeChild(lastNode)
+                    node.appendChild(lastNode)
+                    # Step 9.10
+                    lastNode = node
+
+                # Step 10
+                # Foster parent lastNode if commonAncestor is a
+                # table, tbody, tfoot, thead, or tr we need to foster
+                # parent the lastNode
+                if lastNode.parent:
+                    lastNode.parent.removeChild(lastNode)
+
+                if commonAncestor.name in frozenset(("table", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr")):
+                    parent, insertBefore = self.tree.getTableMisnestedNodePosition()
+                    parent.insertBefore(lastNode, insertBefore)
+                else:
+                    commonAncestor.appendChild(lastNode)
+
+                # Step 11
+                clone = formattingElement.cloneNode()
+
+                # Step 12
+                furthestBlock.reparentChildren(clone)
+
+                # Step 13
+                furthestBlock.appendChild(clone)
+
+                # Step 14
+                self.tree.activeFormattingElements.remove(formattingElement)
+                self.tree.activeFormattingElements.insert(bookmark, clone)
+
+                # Step 15
+                self.tree.openElements.remove(formattingElement)
+                self.tree.openElements.insert(
+                    self.tree.openElements.index(furthestBlock) + 1, clone)
+
+        def endTagAppletMarqueeObject(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope(token["name"]):
+                self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags()
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != token["name"]:
+                self.parser.parseError("end-tag-too-early", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+            if self.tree.elementInScope(token["name"]):
+                element = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                while element.name != token["name"]:
+                    element = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.tree.clearActiveFormattingElements()
+
+        def endTagBr(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-treated-as",
+                                   {"originalName": "br", "newName": "br element"})
+            self.tree.reconstructActiveFormattingElements()
+            self.tree.insertElement(impliedTagToken("br", "StartTag"))
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            for node in self.tree.openElements[::-1]:
+                if node.name == token["name"]:
+                    self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags(exclude=token["name"])
+                    if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != token["name"]:
+                        self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+                    while self.tree.openElements.pop() != node:
+                        pass
+                    break
+                else:
+                    if node.nameTuple in specialElements:
+                        self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+                        break
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            (("base", "basefont", "bgsound", "command", "link", "meta",
+              "script", "style", "title"),
+             startTagProcessInHead),
+            ("body", startTagBody),
+            ("frameset", startTagFrameset),
+            (("address", "article", "aside", "blockquote", "center", "details",
+              "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figcaption", "figure",
+              "footer", "header", "hgroup", "main", "menu", "nav", "ol", "p",
+              "section", "summary", "ul"),
+             startTagCloseP),
+            (headingElements, startTagHeading),
+            (("pre", "listing"), startTagPreListing),
+            ("form", startTagForm),
+            (("li", "dd", "dt"), startTagListItem),
+            ("plaintext", startTagPlaintext),
+            ("a", startTagA),
+            (("b", "big", "code", "em", "font", "i", "s", "small", "strike",
+              "strong", "tt", "u"), startTagFormatting),
+            ("nobr", startTagNobr),
+            ("button", startTagButton),
+            (("applet", "marquee", "object"), startTagAppletMarqueeObject),
+            ("xmp", startTagXmp),
+            ("table", startTagTable),
+            (("area", "br", "embed", "img", "keygen", "wbr"),
+             startTagVoidFormatting),
+            (("param", "source", "track"), startTagParamSource),
+            ("input", startTagInput),
+            ("hr", startTagHr),
+            ("image", startTagImage),
+            ("isindex", startTagIsIndex),
+            ("textarea", startTagTextarea),
+            ("iframe", startTagIFrame),
+            ("noscript", startTagNoscript),
+            (("noembed", "noframes"), startTagRawtext),
+            ("select", startTagSelect),
+            (("rp", "rt"), startTagRpRt),
+            (("option", "optgroup"), startTagOpt),
+            (("math"), startTagMath),
+            (("svg"), startTagSvg),
+            (("caption", "col", "colgroup", "frame", "head",
+              "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead",
+              "tr"), startTagMisplaced)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("body", endTagBody),
+            ("html", endTagHtml),
+            (("address", "article", "aside", "blockquote", "button", "center",
+              "details", "dialog", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figcaption", "figure",
+              "footer", "header", "hgroup", "listing", "main", "menu", "nav", "ol", "pre",
+              "section", "summary", "ul"), endTagBlock),
+            ("form", endTagForm),
+            ("p", endTagP),
+            (("dd", "dt", "li"), endTagListItem),
+            (headingElements, endTagHeading),
+            (("a", "b", "big", "code", "em", "font", "i", "nobr", "s", "small",
+              "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"), endTagFormatting),
+            (("applet", "marquee", "object"), endTagAppletMarqueeObject),
+            ("br", endTagBr),
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class TextPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertText(token["data"])
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-named-closing-tag-but-got-eof",
+                                   {"name": self.tree.openElements[-1].name})
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.originalPhase
+            return True
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            assert False, "Tried to process start tag %s in RCDATA/RAWTEXT mode" % token['name']
+
+        def endTagScript(self, token):
+            node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            assert node.name == "script"
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.originalPhase
+            # The rest of this method is all stuff that only happens if
+            # document.write works
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.originalPhase
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("script", endTagScript)])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InTablePhase(Phase):
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#in-table
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        # helper methods
+        def clearStackToTableContext(self):
+            # "clear the stack back to a table context"
+            while self.tree.openElements[-1].name not in ("table", "html"):
+                # self.parser.parseError("unexpected-implied-end-tag-in-table",
+                #  {"name":  self.tree.openElements[-1].name})
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            # When the current node is <html> it's an innerHTML case
+
+        # processing methods
+        def processEOF(self):
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "html":
+                self.parser.parseError("eof-in-table")
+            else:
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+            # Stop parsing
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            originalPhase = self.parser.phase
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inTableText"]
+            self.parser.phase.originalPhase = originalPhase
+            self.parser.phase.processSpaceCharacters(token)
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            originalPhase = self.parser.phase
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inTableText"]
+            self.parser.phase.originalPhase = originalPhase
+            self.parser.phase.processCharacters(token)
+
+        def insertText(self, token):
+            # If we get here there must be at least one non-whitespace character
+            # Do the table magic!
+            self.tree.insertFromTable = True
+            self.parser.phases["inBody"].processCharacters(token)
+            self.tree.insertFromTable = False
+
+        def startTagCaption(self, token):
+            self.clearStackToTableContext()
+            self.tree.activeFormattingElements.append(Marker)
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inCaption"]
+
+        def startTagColgroup(self, token):
+            self.clearStackToTableContext()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inColumnGroup"]
+
+        def startTagCol(self, token):
+            self.startTagColgroup(impliedTagToken("colgroup", "StartTag"))
+            return token
+
+        def startTagRowGroup(self, token):
+            self.clearStackToTableContext()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inTableBody"]
+
+        def startTagImplyTbody(self, token):
+            self.startTagRowGroup(impliedTagToken("tbody", "StartTag"))
+            return token
+
+        def startTagTable(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-implies-end-tag",
+                                   {"startName": "table", "endName": "table"})
+            self.parser.phase.processEndTag(impliedTagToken("table"))
+            if not self.parser.innerHTML:
+                return token
+
+        def startTagStyleScript(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagInput(self, token):
+            if ("type" in token["data"] and
+                    token["data"]["type"].translate(asciiUpper2Lower) == "hidden"):
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-hidden-input-in-table")
+                self.tree.insertElement(token)
+                # XXX associate with form
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            else:
+                self.startTagOther(token)
+
+        def startTagForm(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-form-in-table")
+            if self.tree.formPointer is None:
+                self.tree.insertElement(token)
+                self.tree.formPointer = self.tree.openElements[-1]
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-implies-table-voodoo", {"name": token["name"]})
+            # Do the table magic!
+            self.tree.insertFromTable = True
+            self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+            self.tree.insertFromTable = False
+
+        def endTagTable(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("table", variant="table"):
+                self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags()
+                if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "table":
+                    self.parser.parseError("end-tag-too-early-named",
+                                           {"gotName": "table",
+                                            "expectedName": self.tree.openElements[-1].name})
+                while self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "table":
+                    self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.parser.resetInsertionMode()
+            else:
+                # innerHTML case
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+                self.parser.parseError()
+
+        def endTagIgnore(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-implies-table-voodoo", {"name": token["name"]})
+            # Do the table magic!
+            self.tree.insertFromTable = True
+            self.parser.phases["inBody"].processEndTag(token)
+            self.tree.insertFromTable = False
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            ("caption", startTagCaption),
+            ("colgroup", startTagColgroup),
+            ("col", startTagCol),
+            (("tbody", "tfoot", "thead"), startTagRowGroup),
+            (("td", "th", "tr"), startTagImplyTbody),
+            ("table", startTagTable),
+            (("style", "script"), startTagStyleScript),
+            ("input", startTagInput),
+            ("form", startTagForm)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("table", endTagTable),
+            (("body", "caption", "col", "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td",
+              "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr"), endTagIgnore)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InTableTextPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = ("originalPhase", "characterTokens")
+
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            super(InTableTextPhase, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            self.originalPhase = None
+            self.characterTokens = []
+
+        def flushCharacters(self):
+            data = "".join([item["data"] for item in self.characterTokens])
+            if any([item not in spaceCharacters for item in data]):
+                token = {"type": tokenTypes["Characters"], "data": data}
+                self.parser.phases["inTable"].insertText(token)
+            elif data:
+                self.tree.insertText(data)
+            self.characterTokens = []
+
+        def processComment(self, token):
+            self.flushCharacters()
+            self.parser.phase = self.originalPhase
+            return token
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.flushCharacters()
+            self.parser.phase = self.originalPhase
+            return True
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            if token["data"] == "\u0000":
+                return
+            self.characterTokens.append(token)
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            # pretty sure we should never reach here
+            self.characterTokens.append(token)
+    #        assert False
+
+        def processStartTag(self, token):
+            self.flushCharacters()
+            self.parser.phase = self.originalPhase
+            return token
+
+        def processEndTag(self, token):
+            self.flushCharacters()
+            self.parser.phase = self.originalPhase
+            return token
+
+    class InCaptionPhase(Phase):
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#in-caption
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def ignoreEndTagCaption(self):
+            return not self.tree.elementInScope("caption", variant="table")
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.parser.phases["inBody"].processEOF()
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processCharacters(token)
+
+        def startTagTableElement(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError()
+            # XXX Have to duplicate logic here to find out if the tag is ignored
+            ignoreEndTag = self.ignoreEndTagCaption()
+            self.parser.phase.processEndTag(impliedTagToken("caption"))
+            if not ignoreEndTag:
+                return token
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def endTagCaption(self, token):
+            if not self.ignoreEndTagCaption():
+                # AT this code is quite similar to endTagTable in "InTable"
+                self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags()
+                if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "caption":
+                    self.parser.parseError("expected-one-end-tag-but-got-another",
+                                           {"gotName": "caption",
+                                            "expectedName": self.tree.openElements[-1].name})
+                while self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "caption":
+                    self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.tree.clearActiveFormattingElements()
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inTable"]
+            else:
+                # innerHTML case
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+                self.parser.parseError()
+
+        def endTagTable(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError()
+            ignoreEndTag = self.ignoreEndTagCaption()
+            self.parser.phase.processEndTag(impliedTagToken("caption"))
+            if not ignoreEndTag:
+                return token
+
+        def endTagIgnore(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processEndTag(token)
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            (("caption", "col", "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
+              "thead", "tr"), startTagTableElement)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("caption", endTagCaption),
+            ("table", endTagTable),
+            (("body", "col", "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
+              "thead", "tr"), endTagIgnore)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InColumnGroupPhase(Phase):
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#in-column
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def ignoreEndTagColgroup(self):
+            return self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "html"
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "html":
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+                return
+            else:
+                ignoreEndTag = self.ignoreEndTagColgroup()
+                self.endTagColgroup(impliedTagToken("colgroup"))
+                if not ignoreEndTag:
+                    return True
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            ignoreEndTag = self.ignoreEndTagColgroup()
+            self.endTagColgroup(impliedTagToken("colgroup"))
+            if not ignoreEndTag:
+                return token
+
+        def startTagCol(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            ignoreEndTag = self.ignoreEndTagColgroup()
+            self.endTagColgroup(impliedTagToken("colgroup"))
+            if not ignoreEndTag:
+                return token
+
+        def endTagColgroup(self, token):
+            if self.ignoreEndTagColgroup():
+                # innerHTML case
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+                self.parser.parseError()
+            else:
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inTable"]
+
+        def endTagCol(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("no-end-tag", {"name": "col"})
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            ignoreEndTag = self.ignoreEndTagColgroup()
+            self.endTagColgroup(impliedTagToken("colgroup"))
+            if not ignoreEndTag:
+                return token
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            ("col", startTagCol)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("colgroup", endTagColgroup),
+            ("col", endTagCol)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InTableBodyPhase(Phase):
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#in-table0
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        # helper methods
+        def clearStackToTableBodyContext(self):
+            while self.tree.openElements[-1].name not in ("tbody", "tfoot",
+                                                          "thead", "html"):
+                # self.parser.parseError("unexpected-implied-end-tag-in-table",
+                #  {"name": self.tree.openElements[-1].name})
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "html":
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+
+        # the rest
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.parser.phases["inTable"].processEOF()
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inTable"].processSpaceCharacters(token)
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inTable"].processCharacters(token)
+
+        def startTagTr(self, token):
+            self.clearStackToTableBodyContext()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inRow"]
+
+        def startTagTableCell(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-cell-in-table-body",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.startTagTr(impliedTagToken("tr", "StartTag"))
+            return token
+
+        def startTagTableOther(self, token):
+            # XXX AT Any ideas on how to share this with endTagTable?
+            if (self.tree.elementInScope("tbody", variant="table") or
+                self.tree.elementInScope("thead", variant="table") or
+                    self.tree.elementInScope("tfoot", variant="table")):
+                self.clearStackToTableBodyContext()
+                self.endTagTableRowGroup(
+                    impliedTagToken(self.tree.openElements[-1].name))
+                return token
+            else:
+                # innerHTML case
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+                self.parser.parseError()
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inTable"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def endTagTableRowGroup(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope(token["name"], variant="table"):
+                self.clearStackToTableBodyContext()
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inTable"]
+            else:
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-in-table-body",
+                                       {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagTable(self, token):
+            if (self.tree.elementInScope("tbody", variant="table") or
+                self.tree.elementInScope("thead", variant="table") or
+                    self.tree.elementInScope("tfoot", variant="table")):
+                self.clearStackToTableBodyContext()
+                self.endTagTableRowGroup(
+                    impliedTagToken(self.tree.openElements[-1].name))
+                return token
+            else:
+                # innerHTML case
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+                self.parser.parseError()
+
+        def endTagIgnore(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-in-table-body",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inTable"].processEndTag(token)
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            ("tr", startTagTr),
+            (("td", "th"), startTagTableCell),
+            (("caption", "col", "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead"),
+             startTagTableOther)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            (("tbody", "tfoot", "thead"), endTagTableRowGroup),
+            ("table", endTagTable),
+            (("body", "caption", "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th",
+              "tr"), endTagIgnore)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InRowPhase(Phase):
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#in-row
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        # helper methods (XXX unify this with other table helper methods)
+        def clearStackToTableRowContext(self):
+            while self.tree.openElements[-1].name not in ("tr", "html"):
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-implied-end-tag-in-table-row",
+                                       {"name": self.tree.openElements[-1].name})
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+
+        def ignoreEndTagTr(self):
+            return not self.tree.elementInScope("tr", variant="table")
+
+        # the rest
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.parser.phases["inTable"].processEOF()
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inTable"].processSpaceCharacters(token)
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inTable"].processCharacters(token)
+
+        def startTagTableCell(self, token):
+            self.clearStackToTableRowContext()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inCell"]
+            self.tree.activeFormattingElements.append(Marker)
+
+        def startTagTableOther(self, token):
+            ignoreEndTag = self.ignoreEndTagTr()
+            self.endTagTr(impliedTagToken("tr"))
+            # XXX how are we sure it's always ignored in the innerHTML case?
+            if not ignoreEndTag:
+                return token
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inTable"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def endTagTr(self, token):
+            if not self.ignoreEndTagTr():
+                self.clearStackToTableRowContext()
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inTableBody"]
+            else:
+                # innerHTML case
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+                self.parser.parseError()
+
+        def endTagTable(self, token):
+            ignoreEndTag = self.ignoreEndTagTr()
+            self.endTagTr(impliedTagToken("tr"))
+            # Reprocess the current tag if the tr end tag was not ignored
+            # XXX how are we sure it's always ignored in the innerHTML case?
+            if not ignoreEndTag:
+                return token
+
+        def endTagTableRowGroup(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope(token["name"], variant="table"):
+                self.endTagTr(impliedTagToken("tr"))
+                return token
+            else:
+                self.parser.parseError()
+
+        def endTagIgnore(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-in-table-row",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inTable"].processEndTag(token)
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            (("td", "th"), startTagTableCell),
+            (("caption", "col", "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead",
+              "tr"), startTagTableOther)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("tr", endTagTr),
+            ("table", endTagTable),
+            (("tbody", "tfoot", "thead"), endTagTableRowGroup),
+            (("body", "caption", "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th"),
+             endTagIgnore)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InCellPhase(Phase):
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#in-cell
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        # helper
+        def closeCell(self):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("td", variant="table"):
+                self.endTagTableCell(impliedTagToken("td"))
+            elif self.tree.elementInScope("th", variant="table"):
+                self.endTagTableCell(impliedTagToken("th"))
+
+        # the rest
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.parser.phases["inBody"].processEOF()
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processCharacters(token)
+
+        def startTagTableOther(self, token):
+            if (self.tree.elementInScope("td", variant="table") or
+                    self.tree.elementInScope("th", variant="table")):
+                self.closeCell()
+                return token
+            else:
+                # innerHTML case
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+                self.parser.parseError()
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def endTagTableCell(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope(token["name"], variant="table"):
+                self.tree.generateImpliedEndTags(token["name"])
+                if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != token["name"]:
+                    self.parser.parseError("unexpected-cell-end-tag",
+                                           {"name": token["name"]})
+                    while True:
+                        node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                        if node.name == token["name"]:
+                            break
+                else:
+                    self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.tree.clearActiveFormattingElements()
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inRow"]
+            else:
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagIgnore(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagImply(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope(token["name"], variant="table"):
+                self.closeCell()
+                return token
+            else:
+                # sometimes innerHTML case
+                self.parser.parseError()
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processEndTag(token)
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            (("caption", "col", "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
+              "thead", "tr"), startTagTableOther)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            (("td", "th"), endTagTableCell),
+            (("body", "caption", "col", "colgroup", "html"), endTagIgnore),
+            (("table", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr"), endTagImply)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InSelectPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#in-select
+        def processEOF(self):
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "html":
+                self.parser.parseError("eof-in-select")
+            else:
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            if token["data"] == "\u0000":
+                return
+            self.tree.insertText(token["data"])
+
+        def startTagOption(self, token):
+            # We need to imply </option> if <option> is the current node.
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "option":
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        def startTagOptgroup(self, token):
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "option":
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "optgroup":
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        def startTagSelect(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-select-in-select")
+            self.endTagSelect(impliedTagToken("select"))
+
+        def startTagInput(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-input-in-select")
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("select", variant="select"):
+                self.endTagSelect(impliedTagToken("select"))
+                return token
+            else:
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+
+        def startTagScript(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-in-select",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagOption(self, token):
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "option":
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            else:
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-in-select",
+                                       {"name": "option"})
+
+        def endTagOptgroup(self, token):
+            # </optgroup> implicitly closes <option>
+            if (self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "option" and
+                    self.tree.openElements[-2].name == "optgroup"):
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            # It also closes </optgroup>
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "optgroup":
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            # But nothing else
+            else:
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-in-select",
+                                       {"name": "optgroup"})
+
+        def endTagSelect(self, token):
+            if self.tree.elementInScope("select", variant="select"):
+                node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                while node.name != "select":
+                    node = self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                self.parser.resetInsertionMode()
+            else:
+                # innerHTML case
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+                self.parser.parseError()
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-in-select",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            ("option", startTagOption),
+            ("optgroup", startTagOptgroup),
+            ("select", startTagSelect),
+            (("input", "keygen", "textarea"), startTagInput),
+            ("script", startTagScript)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("option", endTagOption),
+            ("optgroup", endTagOptgroup),
+            ("select", endTagSelect)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InSelectInTablePhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            self.parser.phases["inSelect"].processEOF()
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inSelect"].processCharacters(token)
+
+        def startTagTable(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-table-element-start-tag-in-select-in-table", {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.endTagOther(impliedTagToken("select"))
+            return token
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inSelect"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def endTagTable(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-table-element-end-tag-in-select-in-table", {"name": token["name"]})
+            if self.tree.elementInScope(token["name"], variant="table"):
+                self.endTagOther(impliedTagToken("select"))
+                return token
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inSelect"].processEndTag(token)
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            (("caption", "table", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"),
+             startTagTable)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            (("caption", "table", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"),
+             endTagTable)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InForeignContentPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        breakoutElements = frozenset(["b", "big", "blockquote", "body", "br",
+                                      "center", "code", "dd", "div", "dl", "dt",
+                                      "em", "embed", "h1", "h2", "h3",
+                                      "h4", "h5", "h6", "head", "hr", "i", "img",
+                                      "li", "listing", "menu", "meta", "nobr",
+                                      "ol", "p", "pre", "ruby", "s", "small",
+                                      "span", "strong", "strike", "sub", "sup",
+                                      "table", "tt", "u", "ul", "var"])
+
+        def adjustSVGTagNames(self, token):
+            replacements = {"altglyph": "altGlyph",
+                            "altglyphdef": "altGlyphDef",
+                            "altglyphitem": "altGlyphItem",
+                            "animatecolor": "animateColor",
+                            "animatemotion": "animateMotion",
+                            "animatetransform": "animateTransform",
+                            "clippath": "clipPath",
+                            "feblend": "feBlend",
+                            "fecolormatrix": "feColorMatrix",
+                            "fecomponenttransfer": "feComponentTransfer",
+                            "fecomposite": "feComposite",
+                            "feconvolvematrix": "feConvolveMatrix",
+                            "fediffuselighting": "feDiffuseLighting",
+                            "fedisplacementmap": "feDisplacementMap",
+                            "fedistantlight": "feDistantLight",
+                            "feflood": "feFlood",
+                            "fefunca": "feFuncA",
+                            "fefuncb": "feFuncB",
+                            "fefuncg": "feFuncG",
+                            "fefuncr": "feFuncR",
+                            "fegaussianblur": "feGaussianBlur",
+                            "feimage": "feImage",
+                            "femerge": "feMerge",
+                            "femergenode": "feMergeNode",
+                            "femorphology": "feMorphology",
+                            "feoffset": "feOffset",
+                            "fepointlight": "fePointLight",
+                            "fespecularlighting": "feSpecularLighting",
+                            "fespotlight": "feSpotLight",
+                            "fetile": "feTile",
+                            "feturbulence": "feTurbulence",
+                            "foreignobject": "foreignObject",
+                            "glyphref": "glyphRef",
+                            "lineargradient": "linearGradient",
+                            "radialgradient": "radialGradient",
+                            "textpath": "textPath"}
+
+            if token["name"] in replacements:
+                token["name"] = replacements[token["name"]]
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            if token["data"] == "\u0000":
+                token["data"] = "\uFFFD"
+            elif (self.parser.framesetOK and
+                  any(char not in spaceCharacters for char in token["data"])):
+                self.parser.framesetOK = False
+            Phase.processCharacters(self, token)
+
+        def processStartTag(self, token):
+            currentNode = self.tree.openElements[-1]
+            if (token["name"] in self.breakoutElements or
+                (token["name"] == "font" and
+                 set(token["data"].keys()) & {"color", "face", "size"})):
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-html-element-in-foreign-content",
+                                       {"name": token["name"]})
+                while (self.tree.openElements[-1].namespace !=
+                       self.tree.defaultNamespace and
+                       not self.parser.isHTMLIntegrationPoint(self.tree.openElements[-1]) and
+                       not self.parser.isMathMLTextIntegrationPoint(self.tree.openElements[-1])):
+                    self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                return token
+
+            else:
+                if currentNode.namespace == namespaces["mathml"]:
+                    self.parser.adjustMathMLAttributes(token)
+                elif currentNode.namespace == namespaces["svg"]:
+                    self.adjustSVGTagNames(token)
+                    self.parser.adjustSVGAttributes(token)
+                self.parser.adjustForeignAttributes(token)
+                token["namespace"] = currentNode.namespace
+                self.tree.insertElement(token)
+                if token["selfClosing"]:
+                    self.tree.openElements.pop()
+                    token["selfClosingAcknowledged"] = True
+
+        def processEndTag(self, token):
+            nodeIndex = len(self.tree.openElements) - 1
+            node = self.tree.openElements[-1]
+            if node.name.translate(asciiUpper2Lower) != token["name"]:
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag", {"name": token["name"]})
+
+            while True:
+                if node.name.translate(asciiUpper2Lower) == token["name"]:
+                    # XXX this isn't in the spec but it seems necessary
+                    if self.parser.phase == self.parser.phases["inTableText"]:
+                        self.parser.phase.flushCharacters()
+                        self.parser.phase = self.parser.phase.originalPhase
+                    while self.tree.openElements.pop() != node:
+                        assert self.tree.openElements
+                    new_token = None
+                    break
+                nodeIndex -= 1
+
+                node = self.tree.openElements[nodeIndex]
+                if node.namespace != self.tree.defaultNamespace:
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    new_token = self.parser.phase.processEndTag(token)
+                    break
+            return new_token
+
+    class AfterBodyPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            # Stop parsing
+            pass
+
+        def processComment(self, token):
+            # This is needed because data is to be appended to the <html> element
+            # here and not to whatever is currently open.
+            self.tree.insertComment(token, self.tree.openElements[0])
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-char-after-body")
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+            return token
+
+        def startTagHtml(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-after-body",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+            return token
+
+        def endTagHtml(self, name):
+            if self.parser.innerHTML:
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-after-body-innerhtml")
+            else:
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["afterAfterBody"]
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-after-body",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+            return token
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", startTagHtml)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([("html", endTagHtml)])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class InFramesetPhase(Phase):
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#in-frameset
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "html":
+                self.parser.parseError("eof-in-frameset")
+            else:
+                assert self.parser.innerHTML
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-char-in-frameset")
+
+        def startTagFrameset(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+
+        def startTagFrame(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertElement(token)
+            self.tree.openElements.pop()
+
+        def startTagNoframes(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-in-frameset",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagFrameset(self, token):
+            if self.tree.openElements[-1].name == "html":
+                # innerHTML case
+                self.parser.parseError("unexpected-frameset-in-frameset-innerhtml")
+            else:
+                self.tree.openElements.pop()
+            if (not self.parser.innerHTML and
+                    self.tree.openElements[-1].name != "frameset"):
+                # If we're not in innerHTML mode and the current node is not a
+                # "frameset" element (anymore) then switch.
+                self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["afterFrameset"]
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-in-frameset",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            ("frameset", startTagFrameset),
+            ("frame", startTagFrame),
+            ("noframes", startTagNoframes)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("frameset", endTagFrameset)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class AfterFramesetPhase(Phase):
+        # http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#after3
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            # Stop parsing
+            pass
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-char-after-frameset")
+
+        def startTagNoframes(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-start-tag-after-frameset",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def endTagHtml(self, token):
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["afterAfterFrameset"]
+
+        def endTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("unexpected-end-tag-after-frameset",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", Phase.startTagHtml),
+            ("noframes", startTagNoframes)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+        endTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", endTagHtml)
+        ])
+        endTagHandler.default = endTagOther
+
+    class AfterAfterBodyPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            pass
+
+        def processComment(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertComment(token, self.tree.document)
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processSpaceCharacters(token)
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-eof-but-got-char")
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+            return token
+
+        def startTagHtml(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-eof-but-got-start-tag",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+            return token
+
+        def processEndTag(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-eof-but-got-end-tag",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+            self.parser.phase = self.parser.phases["inBody"]
+            return token
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", startTagHtml)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+    class AfterAfterFramesetPhase(Phase):
+        __slots__ = tuple()
+
+        def processEOF(self):
+            pass
+
+        def processComment(self, token):
+            self.tree.insertComment(token, self.tree.document)
+
+        def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processSpaceCharacters(token)
+
+        def processCharacters(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-eof-but-got-char")
+
+        def startTagHtml(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inBody"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagNoFrames(self, token):
+            return self.parser.phases["inHead"].processStartTag(token)
+
+        def startTagOther(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-eof-but-got-start-tag",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        def processEndTag(self, token):
+            self.parser.parseError("expected-eof-but-got-end-tag",
+                                   {"name": token["name"]})
+
+        startTagHandler = _utils.MethodDispatcher([
+            ("html", startTagHtml),
+            ("noframes", startTagNoFrames)
+        ])
+        startTagHandler.default = startTagOther
+
+    # pylint:enable=unused-argument
+
+    return {
+        "initial": InitialPhase,
+        "beforeHtml": BeforeHtmlPhase,
+        "beforeHead": BeforeHeadPhase,
+        "inHead": InHeadPhase,
+        "inHeadNoscript": InHeadNoscriptPhase,
+        "afterHead": AfterHeadPhase,
+        "inBody": InBodyPhase,
+        "text": TextPhase,
+        "inTable": InTablePhase,
+        "inTableText": InTableTextPhase,
+        "inCaption": InCaptionPhase,
+        "inColumnGroup": InColumnGroupPhase,
+        "inTableBody": InTableBodyPhase,
+        "inRow": InRowPhase,
+        "inCell": InCellPhase,
+        "inSelect": InSelectPhase,
+        "inSelectInTable": InSelectInTablePhase,
+        "inForeignContent": InForeignContentPhase,
+        "afterBody": AfterBodyPhase,
+        "inFrameset": InFramesetPhase,
+        "afterFrameset": AfterFramesetPhase,
+        "afterAfterBody": AfterAfterBodyPhase,
+        "afterAfterFrameset": AfterAfterFramesetPhase,
+        # XXX after after frameset
+    }
+
+
+def adjust_attributes(token, replacements):
+    needs_adjustment = viewkeys(token['data']) & viewkeys(replacements)
+    if needs_adjustment:
+        token['data'] = type(token['data'])((replacements.get(k, k), v)
+                                            for k, v in token['data'].items())
+
+
+def impliedTagToken(name, type="EndTag", attributes=None,
+                    selfClosing=False):
+    if attributes is None:
+        attributes = {}
+    return {"type": tokenTypes[type], "name": name, "data": attributes,
+            "selfClosing": selfClosing}
+
+
+class ParseError(Exception):
+    """Error in parsed document"""
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/serializer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/serializer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5669d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/serializer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+from pip._vendor.six import text_type
+
+import re
+
+from codecs import register_error, xmlcharrefreplace_errors
+
+from .constants import voidElements, booleanAttributes, spaceCharacters
+from .constants import rcdataElements, entities, xmlEntities
+from . import treewalkers, _utils
+from xml.sax.saxutils import escape
+
+_quoteAttributeSpecChars = "".join(spaceCharacters) + "\"'=<>`"
+_quoteAttributeSpec = re.compile("[" + _quoteAttributeSpecChars + "]")
+_quoteAttributeLegacy = re.compile("[" + _quoteAttributeSpecChars +
+                                   "\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\t\n"
+                                   "\x0b\x0c\r\x0e\x0f\x10\x11\x12\x13\x14\x15"
+                                   "\x16\x17\x18\x19\x1a\x1b\x1c\x1d\x1e\x1f"
+                                   "\x20\x2f\x60\xa0\u1680\u180e\u180f\u2000"
+                                   "\u2001\u2002\u2003\u2004\u2005\u2006\u2007"
+                                   "\u2008\u2009\u200a\u2028\u2029\u202f\u205f"
+                                   "\u3000]")
+
+
+_encode_entity_map = {}
+_is_ucs4 = len("\U0010FFFF") == 1
+for k, v in list(entities.items()):
+    # skip multi-character entities
+    if ((_is_ucs4 and len(v) > 1) or
+            (not _is_ucs4 and len(v) > 2)):
+        continue
+    if v != "&":
+        if len(v) == 2:
+            v = _utils.surrogatePairToCodepoint(v)
+        else:
+            v = ord(v)
+        if v not in _encode_entity_map or k.islower():
+            # prefer &lt; over &LT; and similarly for &amp;, &gt;, etc.
+            _encode_entity_map[v] = k
+
+
+def htmlentityreplace_errors(exc):
+    if isinstance(exc, (UnicodeEncodeError, UnicodeTranslateError)):
+        res = []
+        codepoints = []
+        skip = False
+        for i, c in enumerate(exc.object[exc.start:exc.end]):
+            if skip:
+                skip = False
+                continue
+            index = i + exc.start
+            if _utils.isSurrogatePair(exc.object[index:min([exc.end, index + 2])]):
+                codepoint = _utils.surrogatePairToCodepoint(exc.object[index:index + 2])
+                skip = True
+            else:
+                codepoint = ord(c)
+            codepoints.append(codepoint)
+        for cp in codepoints:
+            e = _encode_entity_map.get(cp)
+            if e:
+                res.append("&")
+                res.append(e)
+                if not e.endswith(";"):
+                    res.append(";")
+            else:
+                res.append("&#x%s;" % (hex(cp)[2:]))
+        return ("".join(res), exc.end)
+    else:
+        return xmlcharrefreplace_errors(exc)
+
+
+register_error("htmlentityreplace", htmlentityreplace_errors)
+
+
+def serialize(input, tree="etree", encoding=None, **serializer_opts):
+    """Serializes the input token stream using the specified treewalker
+
+    :arg input: the token stream to serialize
+
+    :arg tree: the treewalker to use
+
+    :arg encoding: the encoding to use
+
+    :arg serializer_opts: any options to pass to the
+        :py:class:`html5lib.serializer.HTMLSerializer` that gets created
+
+    :returns: the tree serialized as a string
+
+    Example:
+
+    >>> from html5lib.html5parser import parse
+    >>> from html5lib.serializer import serialize
+    >>> token_stream = parse('<html><body><p>Hi!</p></body></html>')
+    >>> serialize(token_stream, omit_optional_tags=False)
+    '<html><head></head><body><p>Hi!</p></body></html>'
+
+    """
+    # XXX: Should we cache this?
+    walker = treewalkers.getTreeWalker(tree)
+    s = HTMLSerializer(**serializer_opts)
+    return s.render(walker(input), encoding)
+
+
+class HTMLSerializer(object):
+
+    # attribute quoting options
+    quote_attr_values = "legacy"  # be secure by default
+    quote_char = '"'
+    use_best_quote_char = True
+
+    # tag syntax options
+    omit_optional_tags = True
+    minimize_boolean_attributes = True
+    use_trailing_solidus = False
+    space_before_trailing_solidus = True
+
+    # escaping options
+    escape_lt_in_attrs = False
+    escape_rcdata = False
+    resolve_entities = True
+
+    # miscellaneous options
+    alphabetical_attributes = False
+    inject_meta_charset = True
+    strip_whitespace = False
+    sanitize = False
+
+    options = ("quote_attr_values", "quote_char", "use_best_quote_char",
+               "omit_optional_tags", "minimize_boolean_attributes",
+               "use_trailing_solidus", "space_before_trailing_solidus",
+               "escape_lt_in_attrs", "escape_rcdata", "resolve_entities",
+               "alphabetical_attributes", "inject_meta_charset",
+               "strip_whitespace", "sanitize")
+
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        """Initialize HTMLSerializer
+
+        :arg inject_meta_charset: Whether or not to inject the meta charset.
+
+            Defaults to ``True``.
+
+        :arg quote_attr_values: Whether to quote attribute values that don't
+            require quoting per legacy browser behavior (``"legacy"``), when
+            required by the standard (``"spec"``), or always (``"always"``).
+
+            Defaults to ``"legacy"``.
+
+        :arg quote_char: Use given quote character for attribute quoting.
+
+            Defaults to ``"`` which will use double quotes unless attribute
+            value contains a double quote, in which case single quotes are
+            used.
+
+        :arg escape_lt_in_attrs: Whether or not to escape ``<`` in attribute
+            values.
+
+            Defaults to ``False``.
+
+        :arg escape_rcdata: Whether to escape characters that need to be
+            escaped within normal elements within rcdata elements such as
+            style.
+
+            Defaults to ``False``.
+
+        :arg resolve_entities: Whether to resolve named character entities that
+            appear in the source tree. The XML predefined entities &lt; &gt;
+            &amp; &quot; &apos; are unaffected by this setting.
+
+            Defaults to ``True``.
+
+        :arg strip_whitespace: Whether to remove semantically meaningless
+            whitespace. (This compresses all whitespace to a single space
+            except within ``pre``.)
+
+            Defaults to ``False``.
+
+        :arg minimize_boolean_attributes: Shortens boolean attributes to give
+            just the attribute value, for example::
+
+              <input disabled="disabled">
+
+            becomes::
+
+              <input disabled>
+
+            Defaults to ``True``.
+
+        :arg use_trailing_solidus: Includes a close-tag slash at the end of the
+            start tag of void elements (empty elements whose end tag is
+            forbidden). E.g. ``<hr/>``.
+
+            Defaults to ``False``.
+
+        :arg space_before_trailing_solidus: Places a space immediately before
+            the closing slash in a tag using a trailing solidus. E.g.
+            ``<hr />``. Requires ``use_trailing_solidus=True``.
+
+            Defaults to ``True``.
+
+        :arg sanitize: Strip all unsafe or unknown constructs from output.
+            See :py:class:`html5lib.filters.sanitizer.Filter`.
+
+            Defaults to ``False``.
+
+        :arg omit_optional_tags: Omit start/end tags that are optional.
+
+            Defaults to ``True``.
+
+        :arg alphabetical_attributes: Reorder attributes to be in alphabetical order.
+
+            Defaults to ``False``.
+
+        """
+        unexpected_args = frozenset(kwargs) - frozenset(self.options)
+        if len(unexpected_args) > 0:
+            raise TypeError("__init__() got an unexpected keyword argument '%s'" % next(iter(unexpected_args)))
+        if 'quote_char' in kwargs:
+            self.use_best_quote_char = False
+        for attr in self.options:
+            setattr(self, attr, kwargs.get(attr, getattr(self, attr)))
+        self.errors = []
+        self.strict = False
+
+    def encode(self, string):
+        assert(isinstance(string, text_type))
+        if self.encoding:
+            return string.encode(self.encoding, "htmlentityreplace")
+        else:
+            return string
+
+    def encodeStrict(self, string):
+        assert(isinstance(string, text_type))
+        if self.encoding:
+            return string.encode(self.encoding, "strict")
+        else:
+            return string
+
+    def serialize(self, treewalker, encoding=None):
+        # pylint:disable=too-many-nested-blocks
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        in_cdata = False
+        self.errors = []
+
+        if encoding and self.inject_meta_charset:
+            from .filters.inject_meta_charset import Filter
+            treewalker = Filter(treewalker, encoding)
+        # Alphabetical attributes is here under the assumption that none of
+        # the later filters add or change order of attributes; it needs to be
+        # before the sanitizer so escaped elements come out correctly
+        if self.alphabetical_attributes:
+            from .filters.alphabeticalattributes import Filter
+            treewalker = Filter(treewalker)
+        # WhitespaceFilter should be used before OptionalTagFilter
+        # for maximum efficiently of this latter filter
+        if self.strip_whitespace:
+            from .filters.whitespace import Filter
+            treewalker = Filter(treewalker)
+        if self.sanitize:
+            from .filters.sanitizer import Filter
+            treewalker = Filter(treewalker)
+        if self.omit_optional_tags:
+            from .filters.optionaltags import Filter
+            treewalker = Filter(treewalker)
+
+        for token in treewalker:
+            type = token["type"]
+            if type == "Doctype":
+                doctype = "<!DOCTYPE %s" % token["name"]
+
+                if token["publicId"]:
+                    doctype += ' PUBLIC "%s"' % token["publicId"]
+                elif token["systemId"]:
+                    doctype += " SYSTEM"
+                if token["systemId"]:
+                    if token["systemId"].find('"') >= 0:
+                        if token["systemId"].find("'") >= 0:
+                            self.serializeError("System identifier contains both single and double quote characters")
+                        quote_char = "'"
+                    else:
+                        quote_char = '"'
+                    doctype += " %s%s%s" % (quote_char, token["systemId"], quote_char)
+
+                doctype += ">"
+                yield self.encodeStrict(doctype)
+
+            elif type in ("Characters", "SpaceCharacters"):
+                if type == "SpaceCharacters" or in_cdata:
+                    if in_cdata and token["data"].find("</") >= 0:
+                        self.serializeError("Unexpected </ in CDATA")
+                    yield self.encode(token["data"])
+                else:
+                    yield self.encode(escape(token["data"]))
+
+            elif type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag"):
+                name = token["name"]
+                yield self.encodeStrict("<%s" % name)
+                if name in rcdataElements and not self.escape_rcdata:
+                    in_cdata = True
+                elif in_cdata:
+                    self.serializeError("Unexpected child element of a CDATA element")
+                for (_, attr_name), attr_value in token["data"].items():
+                    # TODO: Add namespace support here
+                    k = attr_name
+                    v = attr_value
+                    yield self.encodeStrict(' ')
+
+                    yield self.encodeStrict(k)
+                    if not self.minimize_boolean_attributes or \
+                        (k not in booleanAttributes.get(name, tuple()) and
+                         k not in booleanAttributes.get("", tuple())):
+                        yield self.encodeStrict("=")
+                        if self.quote_attr_values == "always" or len(v) == 0:
+                            quote_attr = True
+                        elif self.quote_attr_values == "spec":
+                            quote_attr = _quoteAttributeSpec.search(v) is not None
+                        elif self.quote_attr_values == "legacy":
+                            quote_attr = _quoteAttributeLegacy.search(v) is not None
+                        else:
+                            raise ValueError("quote_attr_values must be one of: "
+                                             "'always', 'spec', or 'legacy'")
+                        v = v.replace("&", "&amp;")
+                        if self.escape_lt_in_attrs:
+                            v = v.replace("<", "&lt;")
+                        if quote_attr:
+                            quote_char = self.quote_char
+                            if self.use_best_quote_char:
+                                if "'" in v and '"' not in v:
+                                    quote_char = '"'
+                                elif '"' in v and "'" not in v:
+                                    quote_char = "'"
+                            if quote_char == "'":
+                                v = v.replace("'", "&#39;")
+                            else:
+                                v = v.replace('"', "&quot;")
+                            yield self.encodeStrict(quote_char)
+                            yield self.encode(v)
+                            yield self.encodeStrict(quote_char)
+                        else:
+                            yield self.encode(v)
+                if name in voidElements and self.use_trailing_solidus:
+                    if self.space_before_trailing_solidus:
+                        yield self.encodeStrict(" /")
+                    else:
+                        yield self.encodeStrict("/")
+                yield self.encode(">")
+
+            elif type == "EndTag":
+                name = token["name"]
+                if name in rcdataElements:
+                    in_cdata = False
+                elif in_cdata:
+                    self.serializeError("Unexpected child element of a CDATA element")
+                yield self.encodeStrict("</%s>" % name)
+
+            elif type == "Comment":
+                data = token["data"]
+                if data.find("--") >= 0:
+                    self.serializeError("Comment contains --")
+                yield self.encodeStrict("<!--%s-->" % token["data"])
+
+            elif type == "Entity":
+                name = token["name"]
+                key = name + ";"
+                if key not in entities:
+                    self.serializeError("Entity %s not recognized" % name)
+                if self.resolve_entities and key not in xmlEntities:
+                    data = entities[key]
+                else:
+                    data = "&%s;" % name
+                yield self.encodeStrict(data)
+
+            else:
+                self.serializeError(token["data"])
+
+    def render(self, treewalker, encoding=None):
+        """Serializes the stream from the treewalker into a string
+
+        :arg treewalker: the treewalker to serialize
+
+        :arg encoding: the string encoding to use
+
+        :returns: the serialized tree
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> from html5lib import parse, getTreeWalker
+        >>> from html5lib.serializer import HTMLSerializer
+        >>> token_stream = parse('<html><body>Hi!</body></html>')
+        >>> walker = getTreeWalker('etree')
+        >>> serializer = HTMLSerializer(omit_optional_tags=False)
+        >>> serializer.render(walker(token_stream))
+        '<html><head></head><body>Hi!</body></html>'
+
+        """
+        if encoding:
+            return b"".join(list(self.serialize(treewalker, encoding)))
+        else:
+            return "".join(list(self.serialize(treewalker)))
+
+    def serializeError(self, data="XXX ERROR MESSAGE NEEDED"):
+        # XXX The idea is to make data mandatory.
+        self.errors.append(data)
+        if self.strict:
+            raise SerializeError
+
+
+class SerializeError(Exception):
+    """Error in serialized tree"""
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treeadapters/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treeadapters/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ef5959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treeadapters/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+"""Tree adapters let you convert from one tree structure to another
+
+Example:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+   from pip._vendor import html5lib
+   from pip._vendor.html5lib.treeadapters import genshi
+
+   doc = '<html><body>Hi!</body></html>'
+   treebuilder = html5lib.getTreeBuilder('etree')
+   parser = html5lib.HTMLParser(tree=treebuilder)
+   tree = parser.parse(doc)
+   TreeWalker = html5lib.getTreeWalker('etree')
+
+   genshi_tree = genshi.to_genshi(TreeWalker(tree))
+
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from . import sax
+
+__all__ = ["sax"]
+
+try:
+    from . import genshi  # noqa
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    __all__.append("genshi")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treeadapters/genshi.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treeadapters/genshi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61d5fb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treeadapters/genshi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from genshi.core import QName, Attrs
+from genshi.core import START, END, TEXT, COMMENT, DOCTYPE
+
+
+def to_genshi(walker):
+    """Convert a tree to a genshi tree
+
+    :arg walker: the treewalker to use to walk the tree to convert it
+
+    :returns: generator of genshi nodes
+
+    """
+    text = []
+    for token in walker:
+        type = token["type"]
+        if type in ("Characters", "SpaceCharacters"):
+            text.append(token["data"])
+        elif text:
+            yield TEXT, "".join(text), (None, -1, -1)
+            text = []
+
+        if type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag"):
+            if token["namespace"]:
+                name = "{%s}%s" % (token["namespace"], token["name"])
+            else:
+                name = token["name"]
+            attrs = Attrs([(QName("{%s}%s" % attr if attr[0] is not None else attr[1]), value)
+                           for attr, value in token["data"].items()])
+            yield (START, (QName(name), attrs), (None, -1, -1))
+            if type == "EmptyTag":
+                type = "EndTag"
+
+        if type == "EndTag":
+            if token["namespace"]:
+                name = "{%s}%s" % (token["namespace"], token["name"])
+            else:
+                name = token["name"]
+
+            yield END, QName(name), (None, -1, -1)
+
+        elif type == "Comment":
+            yield COMMENT, token["data"], (None, -1, -1)
+
+        elif type == "Doctype":
+            yield DOCTYPE, (token["name"], token["publicId"],
+                            token["systemId"]), (None, -1, -1)
+
+        else:
+            pass  # FIXME: What to do?
+
+    if text:
+        yield TEXT, "".join(text), (None, -1, -1)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treeadapters/sax.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treeadapters/sax.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4ccea5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treeadapters/sax.py
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from xml.sax.xmlreader import AttributesNSImpl
+
+from ..constants import adjustForeignAttributes, unadjustForeignAttributes
+
+prefix_mapping = {}
+for prefix, localName, namespace in adjustForeignAttributes.values():
+    if prefix is not None:
+        prefix_mapping[prefix] = namespace
+
+
+def to_sax(walker, handler):
+    """Call SAX-like content handler based on treewalker walker
+
+    :arg walker: the treewalker to use to walk the tree to convert it
+
+    :arg handler: SAX handler to use
+
+    """
+    handler.startDocument()
+    for prefix, namespace in prefix_mapping.items():
+        handler.startPrefixMapping(prefix, namespace)
+
+    for token in walker:
+        type = token["type"]
+        if type == "Doctype":
+            continue
+        elif type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag"):
+            attrs = AttributesNSImpl(token["data"],
+                                     unadjustForeignAttributes)
+            handler.startElementNS((token["namespace"], token["name"]),
+                                   token["name"],
+                                   attrs)
+            if type == "EmptyTag":
+                handler.endElementNS((token["namespace"], token["name"]),
+                                     token["name"])
+        elif type == "EndTag":
+            handler.endElementNS((token["namespace"], token["name"]),
+                                 token["name"])
+        elif type in ("Characters", "SpaceCharacters"):
+            handler.characters(token["data"])
+        elif type == "Comment":
+            pass
+        else:
+            assert False, "Unknown token type"
+
+    for prefix, namespace in prefix_mapping.items():
+        handler.endPrefixMapping(prefix)
+    handler.endDocument()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d44447e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+"""A collection of modules for building different kinds of trees from HTML
+documents.
+
+To create a treebuilder for a new type of tree, you need to do
+implement several things:
+
+1. A set of classes for various types of elements: Document, Doctype, Comment,
+   Element. These must implement the interface of ``base.treebuilders.Node``
+   (although comment nodes have a different signature for their constructor,
+   see ``treebuilders.etree.Comment``) Textual content may also be implemented
+   as another node type, or not, as your tree implementation requires.
+
+2. A treebuilder object (called ``TreeBuilder`` by convention) that inherits
+   from ``treebuilders.base.TreeBuilder``. This has 4 required attributes:
+
+   * ``documentClass`` - the class to use for the bottommost node of a document
+   * ``elementClass`` - the class to use for HTML Elements
+   * ``commentClass`` - the class to use for comments
+   * ``doctypeClass`` - the class to use for doctypes
+
+   It also has one required method:
+
+   * ``getDocument`` - Returns the root node of the complete document tree
+
+3. If you wish to run the unit tests, you must also create a ``testSerializer``
+   method on your treebuilder which accepts a node and returns a string
+   containing Node and its children serialized according to the format used in
+   the unittests
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from .._utils import default_etree
+
+treeBuilderCache = {}
+
+
+def getTreeBuilder(treeType, implementation=None, **kwargs):
+    """Get a TreeBuilder class for various types of trees with built-in support
+
+    :arg treeType: the name of the tree type required (case-insensitive). Supported
+        values are:
+
+        * "dom" - A generic builder for DOM implementations, defaulting to a
+          xml.dom.minidom based implementation.
+        * "etree" - A generic builder for tree implementations exposing an
+          ElementTree-like interface, defaulting to xml.etree.cElementTree if
+          available and xml.etree.ElementTree if not.
+        * "lxml" - A etree-based builder for lxml.etree, handling limitations
+          of lxml's implementation.
+
+    :arg implementation: (Currently applies to the "etree" and "dom" tree
+        types). A module implementing the tree type e.g. xml.etree.ElementTree
+        or xml.etree.cElementTree.
+
+    :arg kwargs: Any additional options to pass to the TreeBuilder when
+        creating it.
+
+    Example:
+
+    >>> from html5lib.treebuilders import getTreeBuilder
+    >>> builder = getTreeBuilder('etree')
+
+    """
+
+    treeType = treeType.lower()
+    if treeType not in treeBuilderCache:
+        if treeType == "dom":
+            from . import dom
+            # Come up with a sane default (pref. from the stdlib)
+            if implementation is None:
+                from xml.dom import minidom
+                implementation = minidom
+            # NEVER cache here, caching is done in the dom submodule
+            return dom.getDomModule(implementation, **kwargs).TreeBuilder
+        elif treeType == "lxml":
+            from . import etree_lxml
+            treeBuilderCache[treeType] = etree_lxml.TreeBuilder
+        elif treeType == "etree":
+            from . import etree
+            if implementation is None:
+                implementation = default_etree
+            # NEVER cache here, caching is done in the etree submodule
+            return etree.getETreeModule(implementation, **kwargs).TreeBuilder
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("""Unrecognised treebuilder "%s" """ % treeType)
+    return treeBuilderCache.get(treeType)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..965fce2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+from pip._vendor.six import text_type
+
+from ..constants import scopingElements, tableInsertModeElements, namespaces
+
+# The scope markers are inserted when entering object elements,
+# marquees, table cells, and table captions, and are used to prevent formatting
+# from "leaking" into tables, object elements, and marquees.
+Marker = None
+
+listElementsMap = {
+    None: (frozenset(scopingElements), False),
+    "button": (frozenset(scopingElements | {(namespaces["html"], "button")}), False),
+    "list": (frozenset(scopingElements | {(namespaces["html"], "ol"),
+                                          (namespaces["html"], "ul")}), False),
+    "table": (frozenset([(namespaces["html"], "html"),
+                         (namespaces["html"], "table")]), False),
+    "select": (frozenset([(namespaces["html"], "optgroup"),
+                          (namespaces["html"], "option")]), True)
+}
+
+
+class Node(object):
+    """Represents an item in the tree"""
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        """Creates a Node
+
+        :arg name: The tag name associated with the node
+
+        """
+        # The tag name associated with the node
+        self.name = name
+        # The parent of the current node (or None for the document node)
+        self.parent = None
+        # The value of the current node (applies to text nodes and comments)
+        self.value = None
+        # A dict holding name -> value pairs for attributes of the node
+        self.attributes = {}
+        # A list of child nodes of the current node. This must include all
+        # elements but not necessarily other node types.
+        self.childNodes = []
+        # A list of miscellaneous flags that can be set on the node.
+        self._flags = []
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        attributesStr = " ".join(["%s=\"%s\"" % (name, value)
+                                  for name, value in
+                                  self.attributes.items()])
+        if attributesStr:
+            return "<%s %s>" % (self.name, attributesStr)
+        else:
+            return "<%s>" % (self.name)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<%s>" % (self.name)
+
+    def appendChild(self, node):
+        """Insert node as a child of the current node
+
+        :arg node: the node to insert
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def insertText(self, data, insertBefore=None):
+        """Insert data as text in the current node, positioned before the
+        start of node insertBefore or to the end of the node's text.
+
+        :arg data: the data to insert
+
+        :arg insertBefore: True if you want to insert the text before the node
+            and False if you want to insert it after the node
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def insertBefore(self, node, refNode):
+        """Insert node as a child of the current node, before refNode in the
+        list of child nodes. Raises ValueError if refNode is not a child of
+        the current node
+
+        :arg node: the node to insert
+
+        :arg refNode: the child node to insert the node before
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def removeChild(self, node):
+        """Remove node from the children of the current node
+
+        :arg node: the child node to remove
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def reparentChildren(self, newParent):
+        """Move all the children of the current node to newParent.
+        This is needed so that trees that don't store text as nodes move the
+        text in the correct way
+
+        :arg newParent: the node to move all this node's children to
+
+        """
+        # XXX - should this method be made more general?
+        for child in self.childNodes:
+            newParent.appendChild(child)
+        self.childNodes = []
+
+    def cloneNode(self):
+        """Return a shallow copy of the current node i.e. a node with the same
+        name and attributes but with no parent or child nodes
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def hasContent(self):
+        """Return true if the node has children or text, false otherwise
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class ActiveFormattingElements(list):
+    def append(self, node):
+        equalCount = 0
+        if node != Marker:
+            for element in self[::-1]:
+                if element == Marker:
+                    break
+                if self.nodesEqual(element, node):
+                    equalCount += 1
+                if equalCount == 3:
+                    self.remove(element)
+                    break
+        list.append(self, node)
+
+    def nodesEqual(self, node1, node2):
+        if not node1.nameTuple == node2.nameTuple:
+            return False
+
+        if not node1.attributes == node2.attributes:
+            return False
+
+        return True
+
+
+class TreeBuilder(object):
+    """Base treebuilder implementation
+
+    * documentClass - the class to use for the bottommost node of a document
+    * elementClass - the class to use for HTML Elements
+    * commentClass - the class to use for comments
+    * doctypeClass - the class to use for doctypes
+
+    """
+    # pylint:disable=not-callable
+
+    # Document class
+    documentClass = None
+
+    # The class to use for creating a node
+    elementClass = None
+
+    # The class to use for creating comments
+    commentClass = None
+
+    # The class to use for creating doctypes
+    doctypeClass = None
+
+    # Fragment class
+    fragmentClass = None
+
+    def __init__(self, namespaceHTMLElements):
+        """Create a TreeBuilder
+
+        :arg namespaceHTMLElements: whether or not to namespace HTML elements
+
+        """
+        if namespaceHTMLElements:
+            self.defaultNamespace = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
+        else:
+            self.defaultNamespace = None
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self.openElements = []
+        self.activeFormattingElements = ActiveFormattingElements()
+
+        # XXX - rename these to headElement, formElement
+        self.headPointer = None
+        self.formPointer = None
+
+        self.insertFromTable = False
+
+        self.document = self.documentClass()
+
+    def elementInScope(self, target, variant=None):
+
+        # If we pass a node in we match that. if we pass a string
+        # match any node with that name
+        exactNode = hasattr(target, "nameTuple")
+        if not exactNode:
+            if isinstance(target, text_type):
+                target = (namespaces["html"], target)
+            assert isinstance(target, tuple)
+
+        listElements, invert = listElementsMap[variant]
+
+        for node in reversed(self.openElements):
+            if exactNode and node == target:
+                return True
+            elif not exactNode and node.nameTuple == target:
+                return True
+            elif (invert ^ (node.nameTuple in listElements)):
+                return False
+
+        assert False  # We should never reach this point
+
+    def reconstructActiveFormattingElements(self):
+        # Within this algorithm the order of steps described in the
+        # specification is not quite the same as the order of steps in the
+        # code. It should still do the same though.
+
+        # Step 1: stop the algorithm when there's nothing to do.
+        if not self.activeFormattingElements:
+            return
+
+        # Step 2 and step 3: we start with the last element. So i is -1.
+        i = len(self.activeFormattingElements) - 1
+        entry = self.activeFormattingElements[i]
+        if entry == Marker or entry in self.openElements:
+            return
+
+        # Step 6
+        while entry != Marker and entry not in self.openElements:
+            if i == 0:
+                # This will be reset to 0 below
+                i = -1
+                break
+            i -= 1
+            # Step 5: let entry be one earlier in the list.
+            entry = self.activeFormattingElements[i]
+
+        while True:
+            # Step 7
+            i += 1
+
+            # Step 8
+            entry = self.activeFormattingElements[i]
+            clone = entry.cloneNode()  # Mainly to get a new copy of the attributes
+
+            # Step 9
+            element = self.insertElement({"type": "StartTag",
+                                          "name": clone.name,
+                                          "namespace": clone.namespace,
+                                          "data": clone.attributes})
+
+            # Step 10
+            self.activeFormattingElements[i] = element
+
+            # Step 11
+            if element == self.activeFormattingElements[-1]:
+                break
+
+    def clearActiveFormattingElements(self):
+        entry = self.activeFormattingElements.pop()
+        while self.activeFormattingElements and entry != Marker:
+            entry = self.activeFormattingElements.pop()
+
+    def elementInActiveFormattingElements(self, name):
+        """Check if an element exists between the end of the active
+        formatting elements and the last marker. If it does, return it, else
+        return false"""
+
+        for item in self.activeFormattingElements[::-1]:
+            # Check for Marker first because if it's a Marker it doesn't have a
+            # name attribute.
+            if item == Marker:
+                break
+            elif item.name == name:
+                return item
+        return False
+
+    def insertRoot(self, token):
+        element = self.createElement(token)
+        self.openElements.append(element)
+        self.document.appendChild(element)
+
+    def insertDoctype(self, token):
+        name = token["name"]
+        publicId = token["publicId"]
+        systemId = token["systemId"]
+
+        doctype = self.doctypeClass(name, publicId, systemId)
+        self.document.appendChild(doctype)
+
+    def insertComment(self, token, parent=None):
+        if parent is None:
+            parent = self.openElements[-1]
+        parent.appendChild(self.commentClass(token["data"]))
+
+    def createElement(self, token):
+        """Create an element but don't insert it anywhere"""
+        name = token["name"]
+        namespace = token.get("namespace", self.defaultNamespace)
+        element = self.elementClass(name, namespace)
+        element.attributes = token["data"]
+        return element
+
+    def _getInsertFromTable(self):
+        return self._insertFromTable
+
+    def _setInsertFromTable(self, value):
+        """Switch the function used to insert an element from the
+        normal one to the misnested table one and back again"""
+        self._insertFromTable = value
+        if value:
+            self.insertElement = self.insertElementTable
+        else:
+            self.insertElement = self.insertElementNormal
+
+    insertFromTable = property(_getInsertFromTable, _setInsertFromTable)
+
+    def insertElementNormal(self, token):
+        name = token["name"]
+        assert isinstance(name, text_type), "Element %s not unicode" % name
+        namespace = token.get("namespace", self.defaultNamespace)
+        element = self.elementClass(name, namespace)
+        element.attributes = token["data"]
+        self.openElements[-1].appendChild(element)
+        self.openElements.append(element)
+        return element
+
+    def insertElementTable(self, token):
+        """Create an element and insert it into the tree"""
+        element = self.createElement(token)
+        if self.openElements[-1].name not in tableInsertModeElements:
+            return self.insertElementNormal(token)
+        else:
+            # We should be in the InTable mode. This means we want to do
+            # special magic element rearranging
+            parent, insertBefore = self.getTableMisnestedNodePosition()
+            if insertBefore is None:
+                parent.appendChild(element)
+            else:
+                parent.insertBefore(element, insertBefore)
+            self.openElements.append(element)
+        return element
+
+    def insertText(self, data, parent=None):
+        """Insert text data."""
+        if parent is None:
+            parent = self.openElements[-1]
+
+        if (not self.insertFromTable or (self.insertFromTable and
+                                         self.openElements[-1].name
+                                         not in tableInsertModeElements)):
+            parent.insertText(data)
+        else:
+            # We should be in the InTable mode. This means we want to do
+            # special magic element rearranging
+            parent, insertBefore = self.getTableMisnestedNodePosition()
+            parent.insertText(data, insertBefore)
+
+    def getTableMisnestedNodePosition(self):
+        """Get the foster parent element, and sibling to insert before
+        (or None) when inserting a misnested table node"""
+        # The foster parent element is the one which comes before the most
+        # recently opened table element
+        # XXX - this is really inelegant
+        lastTable = None
+        fosterParent = None
+        insertBefore = None
+        for elm in self.openElements[::-1]:
+            if elm.name == "table":
+                lastTable = elm
+                break
+        if lastTable:
+            # XXX - we should really check that this parent is actually a
+            # node here
+            if lastTable.parent:
+                fosterParent = lastTable.parent
+                insertBefore = lastTable
+            else:
+                fosterParent = self.openElements[
+                    self.openElements.index(lastTable) - 1]
+        else:
+            fosterParent = self.openElements[0]
+        return fosterParent, insertBefore
+
+    def generateImpliedEndTags(self, exclude=None):
+        name = self.openElements[-1].name
+        # XXX td, th and tr are not actually needed
+        if (name in frozenset(("dd", "dt", "li", "option", "optgroup", "p", "rp", "rt")) and
+                name != exclude):
+            self.openElements.pop()
+            # XXX This is not entirely what the specification says. We should
+            # investigate it more closely.
+            self.generateImpliedEndTags(exclude)
+
+    def getDocument(self):
+        """Return the final tree"""
+        return self.document
+
+    def getFragment(self):
+        """Return the final fragment"""
+        # assert self.innerHTML
+        fragment = self.fragmentClass()
+        self.openElements[0].reparentChildren(fragment)
+        return fragment
+
+    def testSerializer(self, node):
+        """Serialize the subtree of node in the format required by unit tests
+
+        :arg node: the node from which to start serializing
+
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/dom.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/dom.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8b5300
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/dom.py
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+
+try:
+    from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+except ImportError:  # Python 2.7
+    from collections import MutableMapping
+from xml.dom import minidom, Node
+import weakref
+
+from . import base
+from .. import constants
+from ..constants import namespaces
+from .._utils import moduleFactoryFactory
+
+
+def getDomBuilder(DomImplementation):
+    Dom = DomImplementation
+
+    class AttrList(MutableMapping):
+        def __init__(self, element):
+            self.element = element
+
+        def __iter__(self):
+            return iter(self.element.attributes.keys())
+
+        def __setitem__(self, name, value):
+            if isinstance(name, tuple):
+                raise NotImplementedError
+            else:
+                attr = self.element.ownerDocument.createAttribute(name)
+                attr.value = value
+                self.element.attributes[name] = attr
+
+        def __len__(self):
+            return len(self.element.attributes)
+
+        def items(self):
+            return list(self.element.attributes.items())
+
+        def values(self):
+            return list(self.element.attributes.values())
+
+        def __getitem__(self, name):
+            if isinstance(name, tuple):
+                raise NotImplementedError
+            else:
+                return self.element.attributes[name].value
+
+        def __delitem__(self, name):
+            if isinstance(name, tuple):
+                raise NotImplementedError
+            else:
+                del self.element.attributes[name]
+
+    class NodeBuilder(base.Node):
+        def __init__(self, element):
+            base.Node.__init__(self, element.nodeName)
+            self.element = element
+
+        namespace = property(lambda self: hasattr(self.element, "namespaceURI") and
+                             self.element.namespaceURI or None)
+
+        def appendChild(self, node):
+            node.parent = self
+            self.element.appendChild(node.element)
+
+        def insertText(self, data, insertBefore=None):
+            text = self.element.ownerDocument.createTextNode(data)
+            if insertBefore:
+                self.element.insertBefore(text, insertBefore.element)
+            else:
+                self.element.appendChild(text)
+
+        def insertBefore(self, node, refNode):
+            self.element.insertBefore(node.element, refNode.element)
+            node.parent = self
+
+        def removeChild(self, node):
+            if node.element.parentNode == self.element:
+                self.element.removeChild(node.element)
+            node.parent = None
+
+        def reparentChildren(self, newParent):
+            while self.element.hasChildNodes():
+                child = self.element.firstChild
+                self.element.removeChild(child)
+                newParent.element.appendChild(child)
+            self.childNodes = []
+
+        def getAttributes(self):
+            return AttrList(self.element)
+
+        def setAttributes(self, attributes):
+            if attributes:
+                for name, value in list(attributes.items()):
+                    if isinstance(name, tuple):
+                        if name[0] is not None:
+                            qualifiedName = (name[0] + ":" + name[1])
+                        else:
+                            qualifiedName = name[1]
+                        self.element.setAttributeNS(name[2], qualifiedName,
+                                                    value)
+                    else:
+                        self.element.setAttribute(
+                            name, value)
+        attributes = property(getAttributes, setAttributes)
+
+        def cloneNode(self):
+            return NodeBuilder(self.element.cloneNode(False))
+
+        def hasContent(self):
+            return self.element.hasChildNodes()
+
+        def getNameTuple(self):
+            if self.namespace is None:
+                return namespaces["html"], self.name
+            else:
+                return self.namespace, self.name
+
+        nameTuple = property(getNameTuple)
+
+    class TreeBuilder(base.TreeBuilder):  # pylint:disable=unused-variable
+        def documentClass(self):
+            self.dom = Dom.getDOMImplementation().createDocument(None, None, None)
+            return weakref.proxy(self)
+
+        def insertDoctype(self, token):
+            name = token["name"]
+            publicId = token["publicId"]
+            systemId = token["systemId"]
+
+            domimpl = Dom.getDOMImplementation()
+            doctype = domimpl.createDocumentType(name, publicId, systemId)
+            self.document.appendChild(NodeBuilder(doctype))
+            if Dom == minidom:
+                doctype.ownerDocument = self.dom
+
+        def elementClass(self, name, namespace=None):
+            if namespace is None and self.defaultNamespace is None:
+                node = self.dom.createElement(name)
+            else:
+                node = self.dom.createElementNS(namespace, name)
+
+            return NodeBuilder(node)
+
+        def commentClass(self, data):
+            return NodeBuilder(self.dom.createComment(data))
+
+        def fragmentClass(self):
+            return NodeBuilder(self.dom.createDocumentFragment())
+
+        def appendChild(self, node):
+            self.dom.appendChild(node.element)
+
+        def testSerializer(self, element):
+            return testSerializer(element)
+
+        def getDocument(self):
+            return self.dom
+
+        def getFragment(self):
+            return base.TreeBuilder.getFragment(self).element
+
+        def insertText(self, data, parent=None):
+            data = data
+            if parent != self:
+                base.TreeBuilder.insertText(self, data, parent)
+            else:
+                # HACK: allow text nodes as children of the document node
+                if hasattr(self.dom, '_child_node_types'):
+                    # pylint:disable=protected-access
+                    if Node.TEXT_NODE not in self.dom._child_node_types:
+                        self.dom._child_node_types = list(self.dom._child_node_types)
+                        self.dom._child_node_types.append(Node.TEXT_NODE)
+                self.dom.appendChild(self.dom.createTextNode(data))
+
+        implementation = DomImplementation
+        name = None
+
+    def testSerializer(element):
+        element.normalize()
+        rv = []
+
+        def serializeElement(element, indent=0):
+            if element.nodeType == Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
+                if element.name:
+                    if element.publicId or element.systemId:
+                        publicId = element.publicId or ""
+                        systemId = element.systemId or ""
+                        rv.append("""|%s<!DOCTYPE %s "%s" "%s">""" %
+                                  (' ' * indent, element.name, publicId, systemId))
+                    else:
+                        rv.append("|%s<!DOCTYPE %s>" % (' ' * indent, element.name))
+                else:
+                    rv.append("|%s<!DOCTYPE >" % (' ' * indent,))
+            elif element.nodeType == Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
+                rv.append("#document")
+            elif element.nodeType == Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
+                rv.append("#document-fragment")
+            elif element.nodeType == Node.COMMENT_NODE:
+                rv.append("|%s<!-- %s -->" % (' ' * indent, element.nodeValue))
+            elif element.nodeType == Node.TEXT_NODE:
+                rv.append("|%s\"%s\"" % (' ' * indent, element.nodeValue))
+            else:
+                if (hasattr(element, "namespaceURI") and
+                        element.namespaceURI is not None):
+                    name = "%s %s" % (constants.prefixes[element.namespaceURI],
+                                      element.nodeName)
+                else:
+                    name = element.nodeName
+                rv.append("|%s<%s>" % (' ' * indent, name))
+                if element.hasAttributes():
+                    attributes = []
+                    for i in range(len(element.attributes)):
+                        attr = element.attributes.item(i)
+                        name = attr.nodeName
+                        value = attr.value
+                        ns = attr.namespaceURI
+                        if ns:
+                            name = "%s %s" % (constants.prefixes[ns], attr.localName)
+                        else:
+                            name = attr.nodeName
+                        attributes.append((name, value))
+
+                    for name, value in sorted(attributes):
+                        rv.append('|%s%s="%s"' % (' ' * (indent + 2), name, value))
+            indent += 2
+            for child in element.childNodes:
+                serializeElement(child, indent)
+        serializeElement(element, 0)
+
+        return "\n".join(rv)
+
+    return locals()
+
+
+# The actual means to get a module!
+getDomModule = moduleFactoryFactory(getDomBuilder)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/etree.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/etree.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea92dc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/etree.py
@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+# pylint:disable=protected-access
+
+from pip._vendor.six import text_type
+
+import re
+
+from copy import copy
+
+from . import base
+from .. import _ihatexml
+from .. import constants
+from ..constants import namespaces
+from .._utils import moduleFactoryFactory
+
+tag_regexp = re.compile("{([^}]*)}(.*)")
+
+
+def getETreeBuilder(ElementTreeImplementation, fullTree=False):
+    ElementTree = ElementTreeImplementation
+    ElementTreeCommentType = ElementTree.Comment("asd").tag
+
+    class Element(base.Node):
+        def __init__(self, name, namespace=None):
+            self._name = name
+            self._namespace = namespace
+            self._element = ElementTree.Element(self._getETreeTag(name,
+                                                                  namespace))
+            if namespace is None:
+                self.nameTuple = namespaces["html"], self._name
+            else:
+                self.nameTuple = self._namespace, self._name
+            self.parent = None
+            self._childNodes = []
+            self._flags = []
+
+        def _getETreeTag(self, name, namespace):
+            if namespace is None:
+                etree_tag = name
+            else:
+                etree_tag = "{%s}%s" % (namespace, name)
+            return etree_tag
+
+        def _setName(self, name):
+            self._name = name
+            self._element.tag = self._getETreeTag(self._name, self._namespace)
+
+        def _getName(self):
+            return self._name
+
+        name = property(_getName, _setName)
+
+        def _setNamespace(self, namespace):
+            self._namespace = namespace
+            self._element.tag = self._getETreeTag(self._name, self._namespace)
+
+        def _getNamespace(self):
+            return self._namespace
+
+        namespace = property(_getNamespace, _setNamespace)
+
+        def _getAttributes(self):
+            return self._element.attrib
+
+        def _setAttributes(self, attributes):
+            el_attrib = self._element.attrib
+            el_attrib.clear()
+            if attributes:
+                # calling .items _always_ allocates, and the above truthy check is cheaper than the
+                # allocation on average
+                for key, value in attributes.items():
+                    if isinstance(key, tuple):
+                        name = "{%s}%s" % (key[2], key[1])
+                    else:
+                        name = key
+                    el_attrib[name] = value
+
+        attributes = property(_getAttributes, _setAttributes)
+
+        def _getChildNodes(self):
+            return self._childNodes
+
+        def _setChildNodes(self, value):
+            del self._element[:]
+            self._childNodes = []
+            for element in value:
+                self.insertChild(element)
+
+        childNodes = property(_getChildNodes, _setChildNodes)
+
+        def hasContent(self):
+            """Return true if the node has children or text"""
+            return bool(self._element.text or len(self._element))
+
+        def appendChild(self, node):
+            self._childNodes.append(node)
+            self._element.append(node._element)
+            node.parent = self
+
+        def insertBefore(self, node, refNode):
+            index = list(self._element).index(refNode._element)
+            self._element.insert(index, node._element)
+            node.parent = self
+
+        def removeChild(self, node):
+            self._childNodes.remove(node)
+            self._element.remove(node._element)
+            node.parent = None
+
+        def insertText(self, data, insertBefore=None):
+            if not(len(self._element)):
+                if not self._element.text:
+                    self._element.text = ""
+                self._element.text += data
+            elif insertBefore is None:
+                # Insert the text as the tail of the last child element
+                if not self._element[-1].tail:
+                    self._element[-1].tail = ""
+                self._element[-1].tail += data
+            else:
+                # Insert the text before the specified node
+                children = list(self._element)
+                index = children.index(insertBefore._element)
+                if index > 0:
+                    if not self._element[index - 1].tail:
+                        self._element[index - 1].tail = ""
+                    self._element[index - 1].tail += data
+                else:
+                    if not self._element.text:
+                        self._element.text = ""
+                    self._element.text += data
+
+        def cloneNode(self):
+            element = type(self)(self.name, self.namespace)
+            if self._element.attrib:
+                element._element.attrib = copy(self._element.attrib)
+            return element
+
+        def reparentChildren(self, newParent):
+            if newParent.childNodes:
+                newParent.childNodes[-1]._element.tail += self._element.text
+            else:
+                if not newParent._element.text:
+                    newParent._element.text = ""
+                if self._element.text is not None:
+                    newParent._element.text += self._element.text
+            self._element.text = ""
+            base.Node.reparentChildren(self, newParent)
+
+    class Comment(Element):
+        def __init__(self, data):
+            # Use the superclass constructor to set all properties on the
+            # wrapper element
+            self._element = ElementTree.Comment(data)
+            self.parent = None
+            self._childNodes = []
+            self._flags = []
+
+        def _getData(self):
+            return self._element.text
+
+        def _setData(self, value):
+            self._element.text = value
+
+        data = property(_getData, _setData)
+
+    class DocumentType(Element):
+        def __init__(self, name, publicId, systemId):
+            Element.__init__(self, "<!DOCTYPE>")
+            self._element.text = name
+            self.publicId = publicId
+            self.systemId = systemId
+
+        def _getPublicId(self):
+            return self._element.get("publicId", "")
+
+        def _setPublicId(self, value):
+            if value is not None:
+                self._element.set("publicId", value)
+
+        publicId = property(_getPublicId, _setPublicId)
+
+        def _getSystemId(self):
+            return self._element.get("systemId", "")
+
+        def _setSystemId(self, value):
+            if value is not None:
+                self._element.set("systemId", value)
+
+        systemId = property(_getSystemId, _setSystemId)
+
+    class Document(Element):
+        def __init__(self):
+            Element.__init__(self, "DOCUMENT_ROOT")
+
+    class DocumentFragment(Element):
+        def __init__(self):
+            Element.__init__(self, "DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT")
+
+    def testSerializer(element):
+        rv = []
+
+        def serializeElement(element, indent=0):
+            if not(hasattr(element, "tag")):
+                element = element.getroot()
+            if element.tag == "<!DOCTYPE>":
+                if element.get("publicId") or element.get("systemId"):
+                    publicId = element.get("publicId") or ""
+                    systemId = element.get("systemId") or ""
+                    rv.append("""<!DOCTYPE %s "%s" "%s">""" %
+                              (element.text, publicId, systemId))
+                else:
+                    rv.append("<!DOCTYPE %s>" % (element.text,))
+            elif element.tag == "DOCUMENT_ROOT":
+                rv.append("#document")
+                if element.text is not None:
+                    rv.append("|%s\"%s\"" % (' ' * (indent + 2), element.text))
+                if element.tail is not None:
+                    raise TypeError("Document node cannot have tail")
+                if hasattr(element, "attrib") and len(element.attrib):
+                    raise TypeError("Document node cannot have attributes")
+            elif element.tag == ElementTreeCommentType:
+                rv.append("|%s<!-- %s -->" % (' ' * indent, element.text))
+            else:
+                assert isinstance(element.tag, text_type), \
+                    "Expected unicode, got %s, %s" % (type(element.tag), element.tag)
+                nsmatch = tag_regexp.match(element.tag)
+
+                if nsmatch is None:
+                    name = element.tag
+                else:
+                    ns, name = nsmatch.groups()
+                    prefix = constants.prefixes[ns]
+                    name = "%s %s" % (prefix, name)
+                rv.append("|%s<%s>" % (' ' * indent, name))
+
+                if hasattr(element, "attrib"):
+                    attributes = []
+                    for name, value in element.attrib.items():
+                        nsmatch = tag_regexp.match(name)
+                        if nsmatch is not None:
+                            ns, name = nsmatch.groups()
+                            prefix = constants.prefixes[ns]
+                            attr_string = "%s %s" % (prefix, name)
+                        else:
+                            attr_string = name
+                        attributes.append((attr_string, value))
+
+                    for name, value in sorted(attributes):
+                        rv.append('|%s%s="%s"' % (' ' * (indent + 2), name, value))
+                if element.text:
+                    rv.append("|%s\"%s\"" % (' ' * (indent + 2), element.text))
+            indent += 2
+            for child in element:
+                serializeElement(child, indent)
+            if element.tail:
+                rv.append("|%s\"%s\"" % (' ' * (indent - 2), element.tail))
+        serializeElement(element, 0)
+
+        return "\n".join(rv)
+
+    def tostring(element):  # pylint:disable=unused-variable
+        """Serialize an element and its child nodes to a string"""
+        rv = []
+        filter = _ihatexml.InfosetFilter()
+
+        def serializeElement(element):
+            if isinstance(element, ElementTree.ElementTree):
+                element = element.getroot()
+
+            if element.tag == "<!DOCTYPE>":
+                if element.get("publicId") or element.get("systemId"):
+                    publicId = element.get("publicId") or ""
+                    systemId = element.get("systemId") or ""
+                    rv.append("""<!DOCTYPE %s PUBLIC "%s" "%s">""" %
+                              (element.text, publicId, systemId))
+                else:
+                    rv.append("<!DOCTYPE %s>" % (element.text,))
+            elif element.tag == "DOCUMENT_ROOT":
+                if element.text is not None:
+                    rv.append(element.text)
+                if element.tail is not None:
+                    raise TypeError("Document node cannot have tail")
+                if hasattr(element, "attrib") and len(element.attrib):
+                    raise TypeError("Document node cannot have attributes")
+
+                for child in element:
+                    serializeElement(child)
+
+            elif element.tag == ElementTreeCommentType:
+                rv.append("<!--%s-->" % (element.text,))
+            else:
+                # This is assumed to be an ordinary element
+                if not element.attrib:
+                    rv.append("<%s>" % (filter.fromXmlName(element.tag),))
+                else:
+                    attr = " ".join(["%s=\"%s\"" % (
+                        filter.fromXmlName(name), value)
+                        for name, value in element.attrib.items()])
+                    rv.append("<%s %s>" % (element.tag, attr))
+                if element.text:
+                    rv.append(element.text)
+
+                for child in element:
+                    serializeElement(child)
+
+                rv.append("</%s>" % (element.tag,))
+
+            if element.tail:
+                rv.append(element.tail)
+
+        serializeElement(element)
+
+        return "".join(rv)
+
+    class TreeBuilder(base.TreeBuilder):  # pylint:disable=unused-variable
+        documentClass = Document
+        doctypeClass = DocumentType
+        elementClass = Element
+        commentClass = Comment
+        fragmentClass = DocumentFragment
+        implementation = ElementTreeImplementation
+
+        def testSerializer(self, element):
+            return testSerializer(element)
+
+        def getDocument(self):
+            if fullTree:
+                return self.document._element
+            else:
+                if self.defaultNamespace is not None:
+                    return self.document._element.find(
+                        "{%s}html" % self.defaultNamespace)
+                else:
+                    return self.document._element.find("html")
+
+        def getFragment(self):
+            return base.TreeBuilder.getFragment(self)._element
+
+    return locals()
+
+
+getETreeModule = moduleFactoryFactory(getETreeBuilder)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/etree_lxml.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/etree_lxml.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f037759
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treebuilders/etree_lxml.py
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+"""Module for supporting the lxml.etree library. The idea here is to use as much
+of the native library as possible, without using fragile hacks like custom element
+names that break between releases. The downside of this is that we cannot represent
+all possible trees; specifically the following are known to cause problems:
+
+Text or comments as siblings of the root element
+Docypes with no name
+
+When any of these things occur, we emit a DataLossWarning
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+# pylint:disable=protected-access
+
+import warnings
+import re
+import sys
+
+try:
+    from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+except ImportError:
+    from collections import MutableMapping
+
+from . import base
+from ..constants import DataLossWarning
+from .. import constants
+from . import etree as etree_builders
+from .. import _ihatexml
+
+import lxml.etree as etree
+from pip._vendor.six import PY3, binary_type
+
+
+fullTree = True
+tag_regexp = re.compile("{([^}]*)}(.*)")
+
+comment_type = etree.Comment("asd").tag
+
+
+class DocumentType(object):
+    def __init__(self, name, publicId, systemId):
+        self.name = name
+        self.publicId = publicId
+        self.systemId = systemId
+
+
+class Document(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._elementTree = None
+        self._childNodes = []
+
+    def appendChild(self, element):
+        last = self._elementTree.getroot()
+        for last in self._elementTree.getroot().itersiblings():
+            pass
+
+        last.addnext(element._element)
+
+    def _getChildNodes(self):
+        return self._childNodes
+
+    childNodes = property(_getChildNodes)
+
+
+def testSerializer(element):
+    rv = []
+    infosetFilter = _ihatexml.InfosetFilter(preventDoubleDashComments=True)
+
+    def serializeElement(element, indent=0):
+        if not hasattr(element, "tag"):
+            if hasattr(element, "getroot"):
+                # Full tree case
+                rv.append("#document")
+                if element.docinfo.internalDTD:
+                    if not (element.docinfo.public_id or
+                            element.docinfo.system_url):
+                        dtd_str = "<!DOCTYPE %s>" % element.docinfo.root_name
+                    else:
+                        dtd_str = """<!DOCTYPE %s "%s" "%s">""" % (
+                            element.docinfo.root_name,
+                            element.docinfo.public_id,
+                            element.docinfo.system_url)
+                    rv.append("|%s%s" % (' ' * (indent + 2), dtd_str))
+                next_element = element.getroot()
+                while next_element.getprevious() is not None:
+                    next_element = next_element.getprevious()
+                while next_element is not None:
+                    serializeElement(next_element, indent + 2)
+                    next_element = next_element.getnext()
+            elif isinstance(element, str) or isinstance(element, bytes):
+                # Text in a fragment
+                assert isinstance(element, str) or sys.version_info[0] == 2
+                rv.append("|%s\"%s\"" % (' ' * indent, element))
+            else:
+                # Fragment case
+                rv.append("#document-fragment")
+                for next_element in element:
+                    serializeElement(next_element, indent + 2)
+        elif element.tag == comment_type:
+            rv.append("|%s<!-- %s -->" % (' ' * indent, element.text))
+            if hasattr(element, "tail") and element.tail:
+                rv.append("|%s\"%s\"" % (' ' * indent, element.tail))
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(element, etree._Element)
+            nsmatch = etree_builders.tag_regexp.match(element.tag)
+            if nsmatch is not None:
+                ns = nsmatch.group(1)
+                tag = nsmatch.group(2)
+                prefix = constants.prefixes[ns]
+                rv.append("|%s<%s %s>" % (' ' * indent, prefix,
+                                          infosetFilter.fromXmlName(tag)))
+            else:
+                rv.append("|%s<%s>" % (' ' * indent,
+                                       infosetFilter.fromXmlName(element.tag)))
+
+            if hasattr(element, "attrib"):
+                attributes = []
+                for name, value in element.attrib.items():
+                    nsmatch = tag_regexp.match(name)
+                    if nsmatch is not None:
+                        ns, name = nsmatch.groups()
+                        name = infosetFilter.fromXmlName(name)
+                        prefix = constants.prefixes[ns]
+                        attr_string = "%s %s" % (prefix, name)
+                    else:
+                        attr_string = infosetFilter.fromXmlName(name)
+                    attributes.append((attr_string, value))
+
+                for name, value in sorted(attributes):
+                    rv.append('|%s%s="%s"' % (' ' * (indent + 2), name, value))
+
+            if element.text:
+                rv.append("|%s\"%s\"" % (' ' * (indent + 2), element.text))
+            indent += 2
+            for child in element:
+                serializeElement(child, indent)
+            if hasattr(element, "tail") and element.tail:
+                rv.append("|%s\"%s\"" % (' ' * (indent - 2), element.tail))
+    serializeElement(element, 0)
+
+    return "\n".join(rv)
+
+
+def tostring(element):
+    """Serialize an element and its child nodes to a string"""
+    rv = []
+
+    def serializeElement(element):
+        if not hasattr(element, "tag"):
+            if element.docinfo.internalDTD:
+                if element.docinfo.doctype:
+                    dtd_str = element.docinfo.doctype
+                else:
+                    dtd_str = "<!DOCTYPE %s>" % element.docinfo.root_name
+                rv.append(dtd_str)
+            serializeElement(element.getroot())
+
+        elif element.tag == comment_type:
+            rv.append("<!--%s-->" % (element.text,))
+
+        else:
+            # This is assumed to be an ordinary element
+            if not element.attrib:
+                rv.append("<%s>" % (element.tag,))
+            else:
+                attr = " ".join(["%s=\"%s\"" % (name, value)
+                                 for name, value in element.attrib.items()])
+                rv.append("<%s %s>" % (element.tag, attr))
+            if element.text:
+                rv.append(element.text)
+
+            for child in element:
+                serializeElement(child)
+
+            rv.append("</%s>" % (element.tag,))
+
+        if hasattr(element, "tail") and element.tail:
+            rv.append(element.tail)
+
+    serializeElement(element)
+
+    return "".join(rv)
+
+
+class TreeBuilder(base.TreeBuilder):
+    documentClass = Document
+    doctypeClass = DocumentType
+    elementClass = None
+    commentClass = None
+    fragmentClass = Document
+    implementation = etree
+
+    def __init__(self, namespaceHTMLElements, fullTree=False):
+        builder = etree_builders.getETreeModule(etree, fullTree=fullTree)
+        infosetFilter = self.infosetFilter = _ihatexml.InfosetFilter(preventDoubleDashComments=True)
+        self.namespaceHTMLElements = namespaceHTMLElements
+
+        class Attributes(MutableMapping):
+            def __init__(self, element):
+                self._element = element
+
+            def _coerceKey(self, key):
+                if isinstance(key, tuple):
+                    name = "{%s}%s" % (key[2], infosetFilter.coerceAttribute(key[1]))
+                else:
+                    name = infosetFilter.coerceAttribute(key)
+                return name
+
+            def __getitem__(self, key):
+                value = self._element._element.attrib[self._coerceKey(key)]
+                if not PY3 and isinstance(value, binary_type):
+                    value = value.decode("ascii")
+                return value
+
+            def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+                self._element._element.attrib[self._coerceKey(key)] = value
+
+            def __delitem__(self, key):
+                del self._element._element.attrib[self._coerceKey(key)]
+
+            def __iter__(self):
+                return iter(self._element._element.attrib)
+
+            def __len__(self):
+                return len(self._element._element.attrib)
+
+            def clear(self):
+                return self._element._element.attrib.clear()
+
+        class Element(builder.Element):
+            def __init__(self, name, namespace):
+                name = infosetFilter.coerceElement(name)
+                builder.Element.__init__(self, name, namespace=namespace)
+                self._attributes = Attributes(self)
+
+            def _setName(self, name):
+                self._name = infosetFilter.coerceElement(name)
+                self._element.tag = self._getETreeTag(
+                    self._name, self._namespace)
+
+            def _getName(self):
+                return infosetFilter.fromXmlName(self._name)
+
+            name = property(_getName, _setName)
+
+            def _getAttributes(self):
+                return self._attributes
+
+            def _setAttributes(self, value):
+                attributes = self.attributes
+                attributes.clear()
+                attributes.update(value)
+
+            attributes = property(_getAttributes, _setAttributes)
+
+            def insertText(self, data, insertBefore=None):
+                data = infosetFilter.coerceCharacters(data)
+                builder.Element.insertText(self, data, insertBefore)
+
+            def cloneNode(self):
+                element = type(self)(self.name, self.namespace)
+                if self._element.attrib:
+                    element._element.attrib.update(self._element.attrib)
+                return element
+
+        class Comment(builder.Comment):
+            def __init__(self, data):
+                data = infosetFilter.coerceComment(data)
+                builder.Comment.__init__(self, data)
+
+            def _setData(self, data):
+                data = infosetFilter.coerceComment(data)
+                self._element.text = data
+
+            def _getData(self):
+                return self._element.text
+
+            data = property(_getData, _setData)
+
+        self.elementClass = Element
+        self.commentClass = Comment
+        # self.fragmentClass = builder.DocumentFragment
+        base.TreeBuilder.__init__(self, namespaceHTMLElements)
+
+    def reset(self):
+        base.TreeBuilder.reset(self)
+        self.insertComment = self.insertCommentInitial
+        self.initial_comments = []
+        self.doctype = None
+
+    def testSerializer(self, element):
+        return testSerializer(element)
+
+    def getDocument(self):
+        if fullTree:
+            return self.document._elementTree
+        else:
+            return self.document._elementTree.getroot()
+
+    def getFragment(self):
+        fragment = []
+        element = self.openElements[0]._element
+        if element.text:
+            fragment.append(element.text)
+        fragment.extend(list(element))
+        if element.tail:
+            fragment.append(element.tail)
+        return fragment
+
+    def insertDoctype(self, token):
+        name = token["name"]
+        publicId = token["publicId"]
+        systemId = token["systemId"]
+
+        if not name:
+            warnings.warn("lxml cannot represent empty doctype", DataLossWarning)
+            self.doctype = None
+        else:
+            coercedName = self.infosetFilter.coerceElement(name)
+            if coercedName != name:
+                warnings.warn("lxml cannot represent non-xml doctype", DataLossWarning)
+
+            doctype = self.doctypeClass(coercedName, publicId, systemId)
+            self.doctype = doctype
+
+    def insertCommentInitial(self, data, parent=None):
+        assert parent is None or parent is self.document
+        assert self.document._elementTree is None
+        self.initial_comments.append(data)
+
+    def insertCommentMain(self, data, parent=None):
+        if (parent == self.document and
+                self.document._elementTree.getroot()[-1].tag == comment_type):
+            warnings.warn("lxml cannot represent adjacent comments beyond the root elements", DataLossWarning)
+        super(TreeBuilder, self).insertComment(data, parent)
+
+    def insertRoot(self, token):
+        # Because of the way libxml2 works, it doesn't seem to be possible to
+        # alter information like the doctype after the tree has been parsed.
+        # Therefore we need to use the built-in parser to create our initial
+        # tree, after which we can add elements like normal
+        docStr = ""
+        if self.doctype:
+            assert self.doctype.name
+            docStr += "<!DOCTYPE %s" % self.doctype.name
+            if (self.doctype.publicId is not None or
+                    self.doctype.systemId is not None):
+                docStr += (' PUBLIC "%s" ' %
+                           (self.infosetFilter.coercePubid(self.doctype.publicId or "")))
+                if self.doctype.systemId:
+                    sysid = self.doctype.systemId
+                    if sysid.find("'") >= 0 and sysid.find('"') >= 0:
+                        warnings.warn("DOCTYPE system cannot contain single and double quotes", DataLossWarning)
+                        sysid = sysid.replace("'", 'U00027')
+                    if sysid.find("'") >= 0:
+                        docStr += '"%s"' % sysid
+                    else:
+                        docStr += "'%s'" % sysid
+                else:
+                    docStr += "''"
+            docStr += ">"
+            if self.doctype.name != token["name"]:
+                warnings.warn("lxml cannot represent doctype with a different name to the root element", DataLossWarning)
+        docStr += "<THIS_SHOULD_NEVER_APPEAR_PUBLICLY/>"
+        root = etree.fromstring(docStr)
+
+        # Append the initial comments:
+        for comment_token in self.initial_comments:
+            comment = self.commentClass(comment_token["data"])
+            root.addprevious(comment._element)
+
+        # Create the root document and add the ElementTree to it
+        self.document = self.documentClass()
+        self.document._elementTree = root.getroottree()
+
+        # Give the root element the right name
+        name = token["name"]
+        namespace = token.get("namespace", self.defaultNamespace)
+        if namespace is None:
+            etree_tag = name
+        else:
+            etree_tag = "{%s}%s" % (namespace, name)
+        root.tag = etree_tag
+
+        # Add the root element to the internal child/open data structures
+        root_element = self.elementClass(name, namespace)
+        root_element._element = root
+        self.document._childNodes.append(root_element)
+        self.openElements.append(root_element)
+
+        # Reset to the default insert comment function
+        self.insertComment = self.insertCommentMain
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2d3aac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+"""A collection of modules for iterating through different kinds of
+tree, generating tokens identical to those produced by the tokenizer
+module.
+
+To create a tree walker for a new type of tree, you need to
+implement a tree walker object (called TreeWalker by convention) that
+implements a 'serialize' method which takes a tree as sole argument and
+returns an iterator which generates tokens.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from .. import constants
+from .._utils import default_etree
+
+__all__ = ["getTreeWalker", "pprint"]
+
+treeWalkerCache = {}
+
+
+def getTreeWalker(treeType, implementation=None, **kwargs):
+    """Get a TreeWalker class for various types of tree with built-in support
+
+    :arg str treeType: the name of the tree type required (case-insensitive).
+        Supported values are:
+
+        * "dom": The xml.dom.minidom DOM implementation
+        * "etree": A generic walker for tree implementations exposing an
+          elementtree-like interface (known to work with ElementTree,
+          cElementTree and lxml.etree).
+        * "lxml": Optimized walker for lxml.etree
+        * "genshi": a Genshi stream
+
+    :arg implementation: A module implementing the tree type e.g.
+        xml.etree.ElementTree or cElementTree (Currently applies to the "etree"
+        tree type only).
+
+    :arg kwargs: keyword arguments passed to the etree walker--for other
+        walkers, this has no effect
+
+    :returns: a TreeWalker class
+
+    """
+
+    treeType = treeType.lower()
+    if treeType not in treeWalkerCache:
+        if treeType == "dom":
+            from . import dom
+            treeWalkerCache[treeType] = dom.TreeWalker
+        elif treeType == "genshi":
+            from . import genshi
+            treeWalkerCache[treeType] = genshi.TreeWalker
+        elif treeType == "lxml":
+            from . import etree_lxml
+            treeWalkerCache[treeType] = etree_lxml.TreeWalker
+        elif treeType == "etree":
+            from . import etree
+            if implementation is None:
+                implementation = default_etree
+            # XXX: NEVER cache here, caching is done in the etree submodule
+            return etree.getETreeModule(implementation, **kwargs).TreeWalker
+    return treeWalkerCache.get(treeType)
+
+
+def concatenateCharacterTokens(tokens):
+    pendingCharacters = []
+    for token in tokens:
+        type = token["type"]
+        if type in ("Characters", "SpaceCharacters"):
+            pendingCharacters.append(token["data"])
+        else:
+            if pendingCharacters:
+                yield {"type": "Characters", "data": "".join(pendingCharacters)}
+                pendingCharacters = []
+            yield token
+    if pendingCharacters:
+        yield {"type": "Characters", "data": "".join(pendingCharacters)}
+
+
+def pprint(walker):
+    """Pretty printer for tree walkers
+
+    Takes a TreeWalker instance and pretty prints the output of walking the tree.
+
+    :arg walker: a TreeWalker instance
+
+    """
+    output = []
+    indent = 0
+    for token in concatenateCharacterTokens(walker):
+        type = token["type"]
+        if type in ("StartTag", "EmptyTag"):
+            # tag name
+            if token["namespace"] and token["namespace"] != constants.namespaces["html"]:
+                if token["namespace"] in constants.prefixes:
+                    ns = constants.prefixes[token["namespace"]]
+                else:
+                    ns = token["namespace"]
+                name = "%s %s" % (ns, token["name"])
+            else:
+                name = token["name"]
+            output.append("%s<%s>" % (" " * indent, name))
+            indent += 2
+            # attributes (sorted for consistent ordering)
+            attrs = token["data"]
+            for (namespace, localname), value in sorted(attrs.items()):
+                if namespace:
+                    if namespace in constants.prefixes:
+                        ns = constants.prefixes[namespace]
+                    else:
+                        ns = namespace
+                    name = "%s %s" % (ns, localname)
+                else:
+                    name = localname
+                output.append("%s%s=\"%s\"" % (" " * indent, name, value))
+            # self-closing
+            if type == "EmptyTag":
+                indent -= 2
+
+        elif type == "EndTag":
+            indent -= 2
+
+        elif type == "Comment":
+            output.append("%s<!-- %s -->" % (" " * indent, token["data"]))
+
+        elif type == "Doctype":
+            if token["name"]:
+                if token["publicId"]:
+                    output.append("""%s<!DOCTYPE %s "%s" "%s">""" %
+                                  (" " * indent,
+                                   token["name"],
+                                   token["publicId"],
+                                   token["systemId"] if token["systemId"] else ""))
+                elif token["systemId"]:
+                    output.append("""%s<!DOCTYPE %s "" "%s">""" %
+                                  (" " * indent,
+                                   token["name"],
+                                   token["systemId"]))
+                else:
+                    output.append("%s<!DOCTYPE %s>" % (" " * indent,
+                                                       token["name"]))
+            else:
+                output.append("%s<!DOCTYPE >" % (" " * indent,))
+
+        elif type == "Characters":
+            output.append("%s\"%s\"" % (" " * indent, token["data"]))
+
+        elif type == "SpaceCharacters":
+            assert False, "concatenateCharacterTokens should have got rid of all Space tokens"
+
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unknown token type, %s" % type)
+
+    return "\n".join(output)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80c474c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from xml.dom import Node
+from ..constants import namespaces, voidElements, spaceCharacters
+
+__all__ = ["DOCUMENT", "DOCTYPE", "TEXT", "ELEMENT", "COMMENT", "ENTITY", "UNKNOWN",
+           "TreeWalker", "NonRecursiveTreeWalker"]
+
+DOCUMENT = Node.DOCUMENT_NODE
+DOCTYPE = Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE
+TEXT = Node.TEXT_NODE
+ELEMENT = Node.ELEMENT_NODE
+COMMENT = Node.COMMENT_NODE
+ENTITY = Node.ENTITY_NODE
+UNKNOWN = "<#UNKNOWN#>"
+
+spaceCharacters = "".join(spaceCharacters)
+
+
+class TreeWalker(object):
+    """Walks a tree yielding tokens
+
+    Tokens are dicts that all have a ``type`` field specifying the type of the
+    token.
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self, tree):
+        """Creates a TreeWalker
+
+        :arg tree: the tree to walk
+
+        """
+        self.tree = tree
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def error(self, msg):
+        """Generates an error token with the given message
+
+        :arg msg: the error message
+
+        :returns: SerializeError token
+
+        """
+        return {"type": "SerializeError", "data": msg}
+
+    def emptyTag(self, namespace, name, attrs, hasChildren=False):
+        """Generates an EmptyTag token
+
+        :arg namespace: the namespace of the token--can be ``None``
+
+        :arg name: the name of the element
+
+        :arg attrs: the attributes of the element as a dict
+
+        :arg hasChildren: whether or not to yield a SerializationError because
+            this tag shouldn't have children
+
+        :returns: EmptyTag token
+
+        """
+        yield {"type": "EmptyTag", "name": name,
+               "namespace": namespace,
+               "data": attrs}
+        if hasChildren:
+            yield self.error("Void element has children")
+
+    def startTag(self, namespace, name, attrs):
+        """Generates a StartTag token
+
+        :arg namespace: the namespace of the token--can be ``None``
+
+        :arg name: the name of the element
+
+        :arg attrs: the attributes of the element as a dict
+
+        :returns: StartTag token
+
+        """
+        return {"type": "StartTag",
+                "name": name,
+                "namespace": namespace,
+                "data": attrs}
+
+    def endTag(self, namespace, name):
+        """Generates an EndTag token
+
+        :arg namespace: the namespace of the token--can be ``None``
+
+        :arg name: the name of the element
+
+        :returns: EndTag token
+
+        """
+        return {"type": "EndTag",
+                "name": name,
+                "namespace": namespace}
+
+    def text(self, data):
+        """Generates SpaceCharacters and Characters tokens
+
+        Depending on what's in the data, this generates one or more
+        ``SpaceCharacters`` and ``Characters`` tokens.
+
+        For example:
+
+            >>> from html5lib.treewalkers.base import TreeWalker
+            >>> # Give it an empty tree just so it instantiates
+            >>> walker = TreeWalker([])
+            >>> list(walker.text(''))
+            []
+            >>> list(walker.text('  '))
+            [{u'data': '  ', u'type': u'SpaceCharacters'}]
+            >>> list(walker.text(' abc '))  # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+            [{u'data': ' ', u'type': u'SpaceCharacters'},
+            {u'data': u'abc', u'type': u'Characters'},
+            {u'data': u' ', u'type': u'SpaceCharacters'}]
+
+        :arg data: the text data
+
+        :returns: one or more ``SpaceCharacters`` and ``Characters`` tokens
+
+        """
+        data = data
+        middle = data.lstrip(spaceCharacters)
+        left = data[:len(data) - len(middle)]
+        if left:
+            yield {"type": "SpaceCharacters", "data": left}
+        data = middle
+        middle = data.rstrip(spaceCharacters)
+        right = data[len(middle):]
+        if middle:
+            yield {"type": "Characters", "data": middle}
+        if right:
+            yield {"type": "SpaceCharacters", "data": right}
+
+    def comment(self, data):
+        """Generates a Comment token
+
+        :arg data: the comment
+
+        :returns: Comment token
+
+        """
+        return {"type": "Comment", "data": data}
+
+    def doctype(self, name, publicId=None, systemId=None):
+        """Generates a Doctype token
+
+        :arg name:
+
+        :arg publicId:
+
+        :arg systemId:
+
+        :returns: the Doctype token
+
+        """
+        return {"type": "Doctype",
+                "name": name,
+                "publicId": publicId,
+                "systemId": systemId}
+
+    def entity(self, name):
+        """Generates an Entity token
+
+        :arg name: the entity name
+
+        :returns: an Entity token
+
+        """
+        return {"type": "Entity", "name": name}
+
+    def unknown(self, nodeType):
+        """Handles unknown node types"""
+        return self.error("Unknown node type: " + nodeType)
+
+
+class NonRecursiveTreeWalker(TreeWalker):
+    def getNodeDetails(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def getFirstChild(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def getNextSibling(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def getParentNode(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        currentNode = self.tree
+        while currentNode is not None:
+            details = self.getNodeDetails(currentNode)
+            type, details = details[0], details[1:]
+            hasChildren = False
+
+            if type == DOCTYPE:
+                yield self.doctype(*details)
+
+            elif type == TEXT:
+                for token in self.text(*details):
+                    yield token
+
+            elif type == ELEMENT:
+                namespace, name, attributes, hasChildren = details
+                if (not namespace or namespace == namespaces["html"]) and name in voidElements:
+                    for token in self.emptyTag(namespace, name, attributes,
+                                               hasChildren):
+                        yield token
+                    hasChildren = False
+                else:
+                    yield self.startTag(namespace, name, attributes)
+
+            elif type == COMMENT:
+                yield self.comment(details[0])
+
+            elif type == ENTITY:
+                yield self.entity(details[0])
+
+            elif type == DOCUMENT:
+                hasChildren = True
+
+            else:
+                yield self.unknown(details[0])
+
+            if hasChildren:
+                firstChild = self.getFirstChild(currentNode)
+            else:
+                firstChild = None
+
+            if firstChild is not None:
+                currentNode = firstChild
+            else:
+                while currentNode is not None:
+                    details = self.getNodeDetails(currentNode)
+                    type, details = details[0], details[1:]
+                    if type == ELEMENT:
+                        namespace, name, attributes, hasChildren = details
+                        if (namespace and namespace != namespaces["html"]) or name not in voidElements:
+                            yield self.endTag(namespace, name)
+                    if self.tree is currentNode:
+                        currentNode = None
+                        break
+                    nextSibling = self.getNextSibling(currentNode)
+                    if nextSibling is not None:
+                        currentNode = nextSibling
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        currentNode = self.getParentNode(currentNode)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/dom.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/dom.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0c89b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/dom.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from xml.dom import Node
+
+from . import base
+
+
+class TreeWalker(base.NonRecursiveTreeWalker):
+    def getNodeDetails(self, node):
+        if node.nodeType == Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
+            return base.DOCTYPE, node.name, node.publicId, node.systemId
+
+        elif node.nodeType in (Node.TEXT_NODE, Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE):
+            return base.TEXT, node.nodeValue
+
+        elif node.nodeType == Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
+            attrs = {}
+            for attr in list(node.attributes.keys()):
+                attr = node.getAttributeNode(attr)
+                if attr.namespaceURI:
+                    attrs[(attr.namespaceURI, attr.localName)] = attr.value
+                else:
+                    attrs[(None, attr.name)] = attr.value
+            return (base.ELEMENT, node.namespaceURI, node.nodeName,
+                    attrs, node.hasChildNodes())
+
+        elif node.nodeType == Node.COMMENT_NODE:
+            return base.COMMENT, node.nodeValue
+
+        elif node.nodeType in (Node.DOCUMENT_NODE, Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE):
+            return (base.DOCUMENT,)
+
+        else:
+            return base.UNKNOWN, node.nodeType
+
+    def getFirstChild(self, node):
+        return node.firstChild
+
+    def getNextSibling(self, node):
+        return node.nextSibling
+
+    def getParentNode(self, node):
+        return node.parentNode
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/etree.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/etree.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..837b27e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/etree.py
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+import re
+
+from pip._vendor.six import string_types
+
+from . import base
+from .._utils import moduleFactoryFactory
+
+tag_regexp = re.compile("{([^}]*)}(.*)")
+
+
+def getETreeBuilder(ElementTreeImplementation):
+    ElementTree = ElementTreeImplementation
+    ElementTreeCommentType = ElementTree.Comment("asd").tag
+
+    class TreeWalker(base.NonRecursiveTreeWalker):  # pylint:disable=unused-variable
+        """Given the particular ElementTree representation, this implementation,
+        to avoid using recursion, returns "nodes" as tuples with the following
+        content:
+
+        1. The current element
+
+        2. The index of the element relative to its parent
+
+        3. A stack of ancestor elements
+
+        4. A flag "text", "tail" or None to indicate if the current node is a
+           text node; either the text or tail of the current element (1)
+        """
+        def getNodeDetails(self, node):
+            if isinstance(node, tuple):  # It might be the root Element
+                elt, _, _, flag = node
+                if flag in ("text", "tail"):
+                    return base.TEXT, getattr(elt, flag)
+                else:
+                    node = elt
+
+            if not(hasattr(node, "tag")):
+                node = node.getroot()
+
+            if node.tag in ("DOCUMENT_ROOT", "DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT"):
+                return (base.DOCUMENT,)
+
+            elif node.tag == "<!DOCTYPE>":
+                return (base.DOCTYPE, node.text,
+                        node.get("publicId"), node.get("systemId"))
+
+            elif node.tag == ElementTreeCommentType:
+                return base.COMMENT, node.text
+
+            else:
+                assert isinstance(node.tag, string_types), type(node.tag)
+                # This is assumed to be an ordinary element
+                match = tag_regexp.match(node.tag)
+                if match:
+                    namespace, tag = match.groups()
+                else:
+                    namespace = None
+                    tag = node.tag
+                attrs = OrderedDict()
+                for name, value in list(node.attrib.items()):
+                    match = tag_regexp.match(name)
+                    if match:
+                        attrs[(match.group(1), match.group(2))] = value
+                    else:
+                        attrs[(None, name)] = value
+                return (base.ELEMENT, namespace, tag,
+                        attrs, len(node) or node.text)
+
+        def getFirstChild(self, node):
+            if isinstance(node, tuple):
+                element, key, parents, flag = node
+            else:
+                element, key, parents, flag = node, None, [], None
+
+            if flag in ("text", "tail"):
+                return None
+            else:
+                if element.text:
+                    return element, key, parents, "text"
+                elif len(element):
+                    parents.append(element)
+                    return element[0], 0, parents, None
+                else:
+                    return None
+
+        def getNextSibling(self, node):
+            if isinstance(node, tuple):
+                element, key, parents, flag = node
+            else:
+                return None
+
+            if flag == "text":
+                if len(element):
+                    parents.append(element)
+                    return element[0], 0, parents, None
+                else:
+                    return None
+            else:
+                if element.tail and flag != "tail":
+                    return element, key, parents, "tail"
+                elif key < len(parents[-1]) - 1:
+                    return parents[-1][key + 1], key + 1, parents, None
+                else:
+                    return None
+
+        def getParentNode(self, node):
+            if isinstance(node, tuple):
+                element, key, parents, flag = node
+            else:
+                return None
+
+            if flag == "text":
+                if not parents:
+                    return element
+                else:
+                    return element, key, parents, None
+            else:
+                parent = parents.pop()
+                if not parents:
+                    return parent
+                else:
+                    assert list(parents[-1]).count(parent) == 1
+                    return parent, list(parents[-1]).index(parent), parents, None
+
+    return locals()
+
+
+getETreeModule = moduleFactoryFactory(getETreeBuilder)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/etree_lxml.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/etree_lxml.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c56af39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/etree_lxml.py
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+from pip._vendor.six import text_type
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from lxml import etree
+from ..treebuilders.etree import tag_regexp
+
+from . import base
+
+from .. import _ihatexml
+
+
+def ensure_str(s):
+    if s is None:
+        return None
+    elif isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s
+    else:
+        return s.decode("ascii", "strict")
+
+
+class Root(object):
+    def __init__(self, et):
+        self.elementtree = et
+        self.children = []
+
+        try:
+            if et.docinfo.internalDTD:
+                self.children.append(Doctype(self,
+                                             ensure_str(et.docinfo.root_name),
+                                             ensure_str(et.docinfo.public_id),
+                                             ensure_str(et.docinfo.system_url)))
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+        try:
+            node = et.getroot()
+        except AttributeError:
+            node = et
+
+        while node.getprevious() is not None:
+            node = node.getprevious()
+        while node is not None:
+            self.children.append(node)
+            node = node.getnext()
+
+        self.text = None
+        self.tail = None
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return self.children[key]
+
+    def getnext(self):
+        return None
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return 1
+
+
+class Doctype(object):
+    def __init__(self, root_node, name, public_id, system_id):
+        self.root_node = root_node
+        self.name = name
+        self.public_id = public_id
+        self.system_id = system_id
+
+        self.text = None
+        self.tail = None
+
+    def getnext(self):
+        return self.root_node.children[1]
+
+
+class FragmentRoot(Root):
+    def __init__(self, children):
+        self.children = [FragmentWrapper(self, child) for child in children]
+        self.text = self.tail = None
+
+    def getnext(self):
+        return None
+
+
+class FragmentWrapper(object):
+    def __init__(self, fragment_root, obj):
+        self.root_node = fragment_root
+        self.obj = obj
+        if hasattr(self.obj, 'text'):
+            self.text = ensure_str(self.obj.text)
+        else:
+            self.text = None
+        if hasattr(self.obj, 'tail'):
+            self.tail = ensure_str(self.obj.tail)
+        else:
+            self.tail = None
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self.obj, name)
+
+    def getnext(self):
+        siblings = self.root_node.children
+        idx = siblings.index(self)
+        if idx < len(siblings) - 1:
+            return siblings[idx + 1]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return self.obj[key]
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self.obj)
+
+    def getparent(self):
+        return None
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.obj)
+
+    def __unicode__(self):
+        return str(self.obj)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.obj)
+
+
+class TreeWalker(base.NonRecursiveTreeWalker):
+    def __init__(self, tree):
+        # pylint:disable=redefined-variable-type
+        if isinstance(tree, list):
+            self.fragmentChildren = set(tree)
+            tree = FragmentRoot(tree)
+        else:
+            self.fragmentChildren = set()
+            tree = Root(tree)
+        base.NonRecursiveTreeWalker.__init__(self, tree)
+        self.filter = _ihatexml.InfosetFilter()
+
+    def getNodeDetails(self, node):
+        if isinstance(node, tuple):  # Text node
+            node, key = node
+            assert key in ("text", "tail"), "Text nodes are text or tail, found %s" % key
+            return base.TEXT, ensure_str(getattr(node, key))
+
+        elif isinstance(node, Root):
+            return (base.DOCUMENT,)
+
+        elif isinstance(node, Doctype):
+            return base.DOCTYPE, node.name, node.public_id, node.system_id
+
+        elif isinstance(node, FragmentWrapper) and not hasattr(node, "tag"):
+            return base.TEXT, ensure_str(node.obj)
+
+        elif node.tag == etree.Comment:
+            return base.COMMENT, ensure_str(node.text)
+
+        elif node.tag == etree.Entity:
+            return base.ENTITY, ensure_str(node.text)[1:-1]  # strip &;
+
+        else:
+            # This is assumed to be an ordinary element
+            match = tag_regexp.match(ensure_str(node.tag))
+            if match:
+                namespace, tag = match.groups()
+            else:
+                namespace = None
+                tag = ensure_str(node.tag)
+            attrs = OrderedDict()
+            for name, value in list(node.attrib.items()):
+                name = ensure_str(name)
+                value = ensure_str(value)
+                match = tag_regexp.match(name)
+                if match:
+                    attrs[(match.group(1), match.group(2))] = value
+                else:
+                    attrs[(None, name)] = value
+            return (base.ELEMENT, namespace, self.filter.fromXmlName(tag),
+                    attrs, len(node) > 0 or node.text)
+
+    def getFirstChild(self, node):
+        assert not isinstance(node, tuple), "Text nodes have no children"
+
+        assert len(node) or node.text, "Node has no children"
+        if node.text:
+            return (node, "text")
+        else:
+            return node[0]
+
+    def getNextSibling(self, node):
+        if isinstance(node, tuple):  # Text node
+            node, key = node
+            assert key in ("text", "tail"), "Text nodes are text or tail, found %s" % key
+            if key == "text":
+                # XXX: we cannot use a "bool(node) and node[0] or None" construct here
+                # because node[0] might evaluate to False if it has no child element
+                if len(node):
+                    return node[0]
+                else:
+                    return None
+            else:  # tail
+                return node.getnext()
+
+        return (node, "tail") if node.tail else node.getnext()
+
+    def getParentNode(self, node):
+        if isinstance(node, tuple):  # Text node
+            node, key = node
+            assert key in ("text", "tail"), "Text nodes are text or tail, found %s" % key
+            if key == "text":
+                return node
+            # else: fallback to "normal" processing
+        elif node in self.fragmentChildren:
+            return None
+
+        return node.getparent()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/genshi.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/genshi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7483be2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/html5lib/treewalkers/genshi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
+
+from genshi.core import QName
+from genshi.core import START, END, XML_NAMESPACE, DOCTYPE, TEXT
+from genshi.core import START_NS, END_NS, START_CDATA, END_CDATA, PI, COMMENT
+
+from . import base
+
+from ..constants import voidElements, namespaces
+
+
+class TreeWalker(base.TreeWalker):
+    def __iter__(self):
+        # Buffer the events so we can pass in the following one
+        previous = None
+        for event in self.tree:
+            if previous is not None:
+                for token in self.tokens(previous, event):
+                    yield token
+            previous = event
+
+        # Don't forget the final event!
+        if previous is not None:
+            for token in self.tokens(previous, None):
+                yield token
+
+    def tokens(self, event, next):
+        kind, data, _ = event
+        if kind == START:
+            tag, attribs = data
+            name = tag.localname
+            namespace = tag.namespace
+            converted_attribs = {}
+            for k, v in attribs:
+                if isinstance(k, QName):
+                    converted_attribs[(k.namespace, k.localname)] = v
+                else:
+                    converted_attribs[(None, k)] = v
+
+            if namespace == namespaces["html"] and name in voidElements:
+                for token in self.emptyTag(namespace, name, converted_attribs,
+                                           not next or next[0] != END or
+                                           next[1] != tag):
+                    yield token
+            else:
+                yield self.startTag(namespace, name, converted_attribs)
+
+        elif kind == END:
+            name = data.localname
+            namespace = data.namespace
+            if namespace != namespaces["html"] or name not in voidElements:
+                yield self.endTag(namespace, name)
+
+        elif kind == COMMENT:
+            yield self.comment(data)
+
+        elif kind == TEXT:
+            for token in self.text(data):
+                yield token
+
+        elif kind == DOCTYPE:
+            yield self.doctype(*data)
+
+        elif kind in (XML_NAMESPACE, DOCTYPE, START_NS, END_NS,
+                      START_CDATA, END_CDATA, PI):
+            pass
+
+        else:
+            yield self.unknown(kind)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a40eeaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+from .package_data import __version__
+from .core import (
+    IDNABidiError,
+    IDNAError,
+    InvalidCodepoint,
+    InvalidCodepointContext,
+    alabel,
+    check_bidi,
+    check_hyphen_ok,
+    check_initial_combiner,
+    check_label,
+    check_nfc,
+    decode,
+    encode,
+    ulabel,
+    uts46_remap,
+    valid_contextj,
+    valid_contexto,
+    valid_label_length,
+    valid_string_length,
+)
+from .intranges import intranges_contain
+
+__all__ = [
+    "IDNABidiError",
+    "IDNAError",
+    "InvalidCodepoint",
+    "InvalidCodepointContext",
+    "alabel",
+    "check_bidi",
+    "check_hyphen_ok",
+    "check_initial_combiner",
+    "check_label",
+    "check_nfc",
+    "decode",
+    "encode",
+    "intranges_contain",
+    "ulabel",
+    "uts46_remap",
+    "valid_contextj",
+    "valid_contexto",
+    "valid_label_length",
+    "valid_string_length",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/codec.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/codec.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ca9ba6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/codec.py
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+from .core import encode, decode, alabel, ulabel, IDNAError
+import codecs
+import re
+from typing import Tuple, Optional
+
+_unicode_dots_re = re.compile('[\u002e\u3002\uff0e\uff61]')
+
+class Codec(codecs.Codec):
+
+    def encode(self, data: str, errors: str = 'strict') -> Tuple[bytes, int]:
+        if errors != 'strict':
+            raise IDNAError('Unsupported error handling \"{}\"'.format(errors))
+
+        if not data:
+            return b"", 0
+
+        return encode(data), len(data)
+
+    def decode(self, data: bytes, errors: str = 'strict') -> Tuple[str, int]:
+        if errors != 'strict':
+            raise IDNAError('Unsupported error handling \"{}\"'.format(errors))
+
+        if not data:
+            return '', 0
+
+        return decode(data), len(data)
+
+class IncrementalEncoder(codecs.BufferedIncrementalEncoder):
+    def _buffer_encode(self, data: str, errors: str, final: bool) -> Tuple[str, int]:  # type: ignore
+        if errors != 'strict':
+            raise IDNAError('Unsupported error handling \"{}\"'.format(errors))
+
+        if not data:
+            return "", 0
+
+        labels = _unicode_dots_re.split(data)
+        trailing_dot = ''
+        if labels:
+            if not labels[-1]:
+                trailing_dot = '.'
+                del labels[-1]
+            elif not final:
+                # Keep potentially unfinished label until the next call
+                del labels[-1]
+                if labels:
+                    trailing_dot = '.'
+
+        result = []
+        size = 0
+        for label in labels:
+            result.append(alabel(label))
+            if size:
+                size += 1
+            size += len(label)
+
+        # Join with U+002E
+        result_str = '.'.join(result) + trailing_dot  # type: ignore
+        size += len(trailing_dot)
+        return result_str, size
+
+class IncrementalDecoder(codecs.BufferedIncrementalDecoder):
+    def _buffer_decode(self, data: str, errors: str, final: bool) -> Tuple[str, int]:  # type: ignore
+        if errors != 'strict':
+            raise IDNAError('Unsupported error handling \"{}\"'.format(errors))
+
+        if not data:
+            return ('', 0)
+
+        labels = _unicode_dots_re.split(data)
+        trailing_dot = ''
+        if labels:
+            if not labels[-1]:
+                trailing_dot = '.'
+                del labels[-1]
+            elif not final:
+                # Keep potentially unfinished label until the next call
+                del labels[-1]
+                if labels:
+                    trailing_dot = '.'
+
+        result = []
+        size = 0
+        for label in labels:
+            result.append(ulabel(label))
+            if size:
+                size += 1
+            size += len(label)
+
+        result_str = '.'.join(result) + trailing_dot
+        size += len(trailing_dot)
+        return (result_str, size)
+
+
+class StreamWriter(Codec, codecs.StreamWriter):
+    pass
+
+
+class StreamReader(Codec, codecs.StreamReader):
+    pass
+
+
+def getregentry() -> codecs.CodecInfo:
+    # Compatibility as a search_function for codecs.register()
+    return codecs.CodecInfo(
+        name='idna',
+        encode=Codec().encode,  # type: ignore
+        decode=Codec().decode,  # type: ignore
+        incrementalencoder=IncrementalEncoder,
+        incrementaldecoder=IncrementalDecoder,
+        streamwriter=StreamWriter,
+        streamreader=StreamReader,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..786e6bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from .core import *
+from .codec import *
+from typing import Any, Union
+
+def ToASCII(label: str) -> bytes:
+    return encode(label)
+
+def ToUnicode(label: Union[bytes, bytearray]) -> str:
+    return decode(label)
+
+def nameprep(s: Any) -> None:
+    raise NotImplementedError('IDNA 2008 does not utilise nameprep protocol')
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55ab967
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+from . import idnadata
+import bisect
+import unicodedata
+import re
+from typing import Union, Optional
+from .intranges import intranges_contain
+
+_virama_combining_class = 9
+_alabel_prefix = b'xn--'
+_unicode_dots_re = re.compile('[\u002e\u3002\uff0e\uff61]')
+
+class IDNAError(UnicodeError):
+    """ Base exception for all IDNA-encoding related problems """
+    pass
+
+
+class IDNABidiError(IDNAError):
+    """ Exception when bidirectional requirements are not satisfied """
+    pass
+
+
+class InvalidCodepoint(IDNAError):
+    """ Exception when a disallowed or unallocated codepoint is used """
+    pass
+
+
+class InvalidCodepointContext(IDNAError):
+    """ Exception when the codepoint is not valid in the context it is used """
+    pass
+
+
+def _combining_class(cp: int) -> int:
+    v = unicodedata.combining(chr(cp))
+    if v == 0:
+        if not unicodedata.name(chr(cp)):
+            raise ValueError('Unknown character in unicodedata')
+    return v
+
+def _is_script(cp: str, script: str) -> bool:
+    return intranges_contain(ord(cp), idnadata.scripts[script])
+
+def _punycode(s: str) -> bytes:
+    return s.encode('punycode')
+
+def _unot(s: int) -> str:
+    return 'U+{:04X}'.format(s)
+
+
+def valid_label_length(label: Union[bytes, str]) -> bool:
+    if len(label) > 63:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def valid_string_length(label: Union[bytes, str], trailing_dot: bool) -> bool:
+    if len(label) > (254 if trailing_dot else 253):
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def check_bidi(label: str, check_ltr: bool = False) -> bool:
+    # Bidi rules should only be applied if string contains RTL characters
+    bidi_label = False
+    for (idx, cp) in enumerate(label, 1):
+        direction = unicodedata.bidirectional(cp)
+        if direction == '':
+            # String likely comes from a newer version of Unicode
+            raise IDNABidiError('Unknown directionality in label {} at position {}'.format(repr(label), idx))
+        if direction in ['R', 'AL', 'AN']:
+            bidi_label = True
+    if not bidi_label and not check_ltr:
+        return True
+
+    # Bidi rule 1
+    direction = unicodedata.bidirectional(label[0])
+    if direction in ['R', 'AL']:
+        rtl = True
+    elif direction == 'L':
+        rtl = False
+    else:
+        raise IDNABidiError('First codepoint in label {} must be directionality L, R or AL'.format(repr(label)))
+
+    valid_ending = False
+    number_type = None  # type: Optional[str]
+    for (idx, cp) in enumerate(label, 1):
+        direction = unicodedata.bidirectional(cp)
+
+        if rtl:
+            # Bidi rule 2
+            if not direction in ['R', 'AL', 'AN', 'EN', 'ES', 'CS', 'ET', 'ON', 'BN', 'NSM']:
+                raise IDNABidiError('Invalid direction for codepoint at position {} in a right-to-left label'.format(idx))
+            # Bidi rule 3
+            if direction in ['R', 'AL', 'EN', 'AN']:
+                valid_ending = True
+            elif direction != 'NSM':
+                valid_ending = False
+            # Bidi rule 4
+            if direction in ['AN', 'EN']:
+                if not number_type:
+                    number_type = direction
+                else:
+                    if number_type != direction:
+                        raise IDNABidiError('Can not mix numeral types in a right-to-left label')
+        else:
+            # Bidi rule 5
+            if not direction in ['L', 'EN', 'ES', 'CS', 'ET', 'ON', 'BN', 'NSM']:
+                raise IDNABidiError('Invalid direction for codepoint at position {} in a left-to-right label'.format(idx))
+            # Bidi rule 6
+            if direction in ['L', 'EN']:
+                valid_ending = True
+            elif direction != 'NSM':
+                valid_ending = False
+
+    if not valid_ending:
+        raise IDNABidiError('Label ends with illegal codepoint directionality')
+
+    return True
+
+
+def check_initial_combiner(label: str) -> bool:
+    if unicodedata.category(label[0])[0] == 'M':
+        raise IDNAError('Label begins with an illegal combining character')
+    return True
+
+
+def check_hyphen_ok(label: str) -> bool:
+    if label[2:4] == '--':
+        raise IDNAError('Label has disallowed hyphens in 3rd and 4th position')
+    if label[0] == '-' or label[-1] == '-':
+        raise IDNAError('Label must not start or end with a hyphen')
+    return True
+
+
+def check_nfc(label: str) -> None:
+    if unicodedata.normalize('NFC', label) != label:
+        raise IDNAError('Label must be in Normalization Form C')
+
+
+def valid_contextj(label: str, pos: int) -> bool:
+    cp_value = ord(label[pos])
+
+    if cp_value == 0x200c:
+
+        if pos > 0:
+            if _combining_class(ord(label[pos - 1])) == _virama_combining_class:
+                return True
+
+        ok = False
+        for i in range(pos-1, -1, -1):
+            joining_type = idnadata.joining_types.get(ord(label[i]))
+            if joining_type == ord('T'):
+                continue
+            if joining_type in [ord('L'), ord('D')]:
+                ok = True
+                break
+
+        if not ok:
+            return False
+
+        ok = False
+        for i in range(pos+1, len(label)):
+            joining_type = idnadata.joining_types.get(ord(label[i]))
+            if joining_type == ord('T'):
+                continue
+            if joining_type in [ord('R'), ord('D')]:
+                ok = True
+                break
+        return ok
+
+    if cp_value == 0x200d:
+
+        if pos > 0:
+            if _combining_class(ord(label[pos - 1])) == _virama_combining_class:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    else:
+
+        return False
+
+
+def valid_contexto(label: str, pos: int, exception: bool = False) -> bool:
+    cp_value = ord(label[pos])
+
+    if cp_value == 0x00b7:
+        if 0 < pos < len(label)-1:
+            if ord(label[pos - 1]) == 0x006c and ord(label[pos + 1]) == 0x006c:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    elif cp_value == 0x0375:
+        if pos < len(label)-1 and len(label) > 1:
+            return _is_script(label[pos + 1], 'Greek')
+        return False
+
+    elif cp_value == 0x05f3 or cp_value == 0x05f4:
+        if pos > 0:
+            return _is_script(label[pos - 1], 'Hebrew')
+        return False
+
+    elif cp_value == 0x30fb:
+        for cp in label:
+            if cp == '\u30fb':
+                continue
+            if _is_script(cp, 'Hiragana') or _is_script(cp, 'Katakana') or _is_script(cp, 'Han'):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    elif 0x660 <= cp_value <= 0x669:
+        for cp in label:
+            if 0x6f0 <= ord(cp) <= 0x06f9:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    elif 0x6f0 <= cp_value <= 0x6f9:
+        for cp in label:
+            if 0x660 <= ord(cp) <= 0x0669:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def check_label(label: Union[str, bytes, bytearray]) -> None:
+    if isinstance(label, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        label = label.decode('utf-8')
+    if len(label) == 0:
+        raise IDNAError('Empty Label')
+
+    check_nfc(label)
+    check_hyphen_ok(label)
+    check_initial_combiner(label)
+
+    for (pos, cp) in enumerate(label):
+        cp_value = ord(cp)
+        if intranges_contain(cp_value, idnadata.codepoint_classes['PVALID']):
+            continue
+        elif intranges_contain(cp_value, idnadata.codepoint_classes['CONTEXTJ']):
+            try:
+                if not valid_contextj(label, pos):
+                    raise InvalidCodepointContext('Joiner {} not allowed at position {} in {}'.format(
+                        _unot(cp_value), pos+1, repr(label)))
+            except ValueError:
+                raise IDNAError('Unknown codepoint adjacent to joiner {} at position {} in {}'.format(
+                    _unot(cp_value), pos+1, repr(label)))
+        elif intranges_contain(cp_value, idnadata.codepoint_classes['CONTEXTO']):
+            if not valid_contexto(label, pos):
+                raise InvalidCodepointContext('Codepoint {} not allowed at position {} in {}'.format(_unot(cp_value), pos+1, repr(label)))
+        else:
+            raise InvalidCodepoint('Codepoint {} at position {} of {} not allowed'.format(_unot(cp_value), pos+1, repr(label)))
+
+    check_bidi(label)
+
+
+def alabel(label: str) -> bytes:
+    try:
+        label_bytes = label.encode('ascii')
+        ulabel(label_bytes)
+        if not valid_label_length(label_bytes):
+            raise IDNAError('Label too long')
+        return label_bytes
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        pass
+
+    if not label:
+        raise IDNAError('No Input')
+
+    label = str(label)
+    check_label(label)
+    label_bytes = _punycode(label)
+    label_bytes = _alabel_prefix + label_bytes
+
+    if not valid_label_length(label_bytes):
+        raise IDNAError('Label too long')
+
+    return label_bytes
+
+
+def ulabel(label: Union[str, bytes, bytearray]) -> str:
+    if not isinstance(label, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        try:
+            label_bytes = label.encode('ascii')
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            check_label(label)
+            return label
+    else:
+        label_bytes = label
+
+    label_bytes = label_bytes.lower()
+    if label_bytes.startswith(_alabel_prefix):
+        label_bytes = label_bytes[len(_alabel_prefix):]
+        if not label_bytes:
+            raise IDNAError('Malformed A-label, no Punycode eligible content found')
+        if label_bytes.decode('ascii')[-1] == '-':
+            raise IDNAError('A-label must not end with a hyphen')
+    else:
+        check_label(label_bytes)
+        return label_bytes.decode('ascii')
+
+    try:
+        label = label_bytes.decode('punycode')
+    except UnicodeError:
+        raise IDNAError('Invalid A-label')
+    check_label(label)
+    return label
+
+
+def uts46_remap(domain: str, std3_rules: bool = True, transitional: bool = False) -> str:
+    """Re-map the characters in the string according to UTS46 processing."""
+    from .uts46data import uts46data
+    output = ''
+
+    for pos, char in enumerate(domain):
+        code_point = ord(char)
+        try:
+            uts46row = uts46data[code_point if code_point < 256 else
+                bisect.bisect_left(uts46data, (code_point, 'Z')) - 1]
+            status = uts46row[1]
+            replacement = None  # type: Optional[str]
+            if len(uts46row) == 3:
+                replacement = uts46row[2]  # type: ignore
+            if (status == 'V' or
+                    (status == 'D' and not transitional) or
+                    (status == '3' and not std3_rules and replacement is None)):
+                output += char
+            elif replacement is not None and (status == 'M' or
+                    (status == '3' and not std3_rules) or
+                    (status == 'D' and transitional)):
+                output += replacement
+            elif status != 'I':
+                raise IndexError()
+        except IndexError:
+            raise InvalidCodepoint(
+                'Codepoint {} not allowed at position {} in {}'.format(
+                _unot(code_point), pos + 1, repr(domain)))
+
+    return unicodedata.normalize('NFC', output)
+
+
+def encode(s: Union[str, bytes, bytearray], strict: bool = False, uts46: bool = False, std3_rules: bool = False, transitional: bool = False) -> bytes:
+    if isinstance(s, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        s = s.decode('ascii')
+    if uts46:
+        s = uts46_remap(s, std3_rules, transitional)
+    trailing_dot = False
+    result = []
+    if strict:
+        labels = s.split('.')
+    else:
+        labels = _unicode_dots_re.split(s)
+    if not labels or labels == ['']:
+        raise IDNAError('Empty domain')
+    if labels[-1] == '':
+        del labels[-1]
+        trailing_dot = True
+    for label in labels:
+        s = alabel(label)
+        if s:
+            result.append(s)
+        else:
+            raise IDNAError('Empty label')
+    if trailing_dot:
+        result.append(b'')
+    s = b'.'.join(result)
+    if not valid_string_length(s, trailing_dot):
+        raise IDNAError('Domain too long')
+    return s
+
+
+def decode(s: Union[str, bytes, bytearray], strict: bool = False, uts46: bool = False, std3_rules: bool = False) -> str:
+    try:
+        if isinstance(s, (bytes, bytearray)):
+            s = s.decode('ascii')
+    except UnicodeDecodeError:
+        raise IDNAError('Invalid ASCII in A-label')
+    if uts46:
+        s = uts46_remap(s, std3_rules, False)
+    trailing_dot = False
+    result = []
+    if not strict:
+        labels = _unicode_dots_re.split(s)
+    else:
+        labels = s.split('.')
+    if not labels or labels == ['']:
+        raise IDNAError('Empty domain')
+    if not labels[-1]:
+        del labels[-1]
+        trailing_dot = True
+    for label in labels:
+        s = ulabel(label)
+        if s:
+            result.append(s)
+        else:
+            raise IDNAError('Empty label')
+    if trailing_dot:
+        result.append('')
+    return '.'.join(result)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/idnadata.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/idnadata.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b5805d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/idnadata.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2137 @@
+# This file is automatically generated by tools/idna-data
+
+__version__ = '14.0.0'
+scripts = {
+    'Greek': (
+        0x37000000374,
+        0x37500000378,
+        0x37a0000037e,
+        0x37f00000380,
+        0x38400000385,
+        0x38600000387,
+        0x3880000038b,
+        0x38c0000038d,
+        0x38e000003a2,
+        0x3a3000003e2,
+        0x3f000000400,
+        0x1d2600001d2b,
+        0x1d5d00001d62,
+        0x1d6600001d6b,
+        0x1dbf00001dc0,
+        0x1f0000001f16,
+        0x1f1800001f1e,
+        0x1f2000001f46,
+        0x1f4800001f4e,
+        0x1f5000001f58,
+        0x1f5900001f5a,
+        0x1f5b00001f5c,
+        0x1f5d00001f5e,
+        0x1f5f00001f7e,
+        0x1f8000001fb5,
+        0x1fb600001fc5,
+        0x1fc600001fd4,
+        0x1fd600001fdc,
+        0x1fdd00001ff0,
+        0x1ff200001ff5,
+        0x1ff600001fff,
+        0x212600002127,
+        0xab650000ab66,
+        0x101400001018f,
+        0x101a0000101a1,
+        0x1d2000001d246,
+    ),
+    'Han': (
+        0x2e8000002e9a,
+        0x2e9b00002ef4,
+        0x2f0000002fd6,
+        0x300500003006,
+        0x300700003008,
+        0x30210000302a,
+        0x30380000303c,
+        0x340000004dc0,
+        0x4e000000a000,
+        0xf9000000fa6e,
+        0xfa700000fada,
+        0x16fe200016fe4,
+        0x16ff000016ff2,
+        0x200000002a6e0,
+        0x2a7000002b739,
+        0x2b7400002b81e,
+        0x2b8200002cea2,
+        0x2ceb00002ebe1,
+        0x2f8000002fa1e,
+        0x300000003134b,
+    ),
+    'Hebrew': (
+        0x591000005c8,
+        0x5d0000005eb,
+        0x5ef000005f5,
+        0xfb1d0000fb37,
+        0xfb380000fb3d,
+        0xfb3e0000fb3f,
+        0xfb400000fb42,
+        0xfb430000fb45,
+        0xfb460000fb50,
+    ),
+    'Hiragana': (
+        0x304100003097,
+        0x309d000030a0,
+        0x1b0010001b120,
+        0x1b1500001b153,
+        0x1f2000001f201,
+    ),
+    'Katakana': (
+        0x30a1000030fb,
+        0x30fd00003100,
+        0x31f000003200,
+        0x32d0000032ff,
+        0x330000003358,
+        0xff660000ff70,
+        0xff710000ff9e,
+        0x1aff00001aff4,
+        0x1aff50001affc,
+        0x1affd0001afff,
+        0x1b0000001b001,
+        0x1b1200001b123,
+        0x1b1640001b168,
+    ),
+}
+joining_types = {
+    0x600: 85,
+    0x601: 85,
+    0x602: 85,
+    0x603: 85,
+    0x604: 85,
+    0x605: 85,
+    0x608: 85,
+    0x60b: 85,
+    0x620: 68,
+    0x621: 85,
+    0x622: 82,
+    0x623: 82,
+    0x624: 82,
+    0x625: 82,
+    0x626: 68,
+    0x627: 82,
+    0x628: 68,
+    0x629: 82,
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+    0x62c: 68,
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+    0x630: 82,
+    0x631: 82,
+    0x632: 82,
+    0x633: 68,
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+    0xa866: 68,
+    0xa867: 68,
+    0xa868: 68,
+    0xa869: 68,
+    0xa86a: 68,
+    0xa86b: 68,
+    0xa86c: 68,
+    0xa86d: 68,
+    0xa86e: 68,
+    0xa86f: 68,
+    0xa870: 68,
+    0xa871: 68,
+    0xa872: 76,
+    0xa873: 85,
+    0x10ac0: 68,
+    0x10ac1: 68,
+    0x10ac2: 68,
+    0x10ac3: 68,
+    0x10ac4: 68,
+    0x10ac5: 82,
+    0x10ac6: 85,
+    0x10ac7: 82,
+    0x10ac8: 85,
+    0x10ac9: 82,
+    0x10aca: 82,
+    0x10acb: 85,
+    0x10acc: 85,
+    0x10acd: 76,
+    0x10ace: 82,
+    0x10acf: 82,
+    0x10ad0: 82,
+    0x10ad1: 82,
+    0x10ad2: 82,
+    0x10ad3: 68,
+    0x10ad4: 68,
+    0x10ad5: 68,
+    0x10ad6: 68,
+    0x10ad7: 76,
+    0x10ad8: 68,
+    0x10ad9: 68,
+    0x10ada: 68,
+    0x10adb: 68,
+    0x10adc: 68,
+    0x10add: 82,
+    0x10ade: 68,
+    0x10adf: 68,
+    0x10ae0: 68,
+    0x10ae1: 82,
+    0x10ae2: 85,
+    0x10ae3: 85,
+    0x10ae4: 82,
+    0x10aeb: 68,
+    0x10aec: 68,
+    0x10aed: 68,
+    0x10aee: 68,
+    0x10aef: 82,
+    0x10b80: 68,
+    0x10b81: 82,
+    0x10b82: 68,
+    0x10b83: 82,
+    0x10b84: 82,
+    0x10b85: 82,
+    0x10b86: 68,
+    0x10b87: 68,
+    0x10b88: 68,
+    0x10b89: 82,
+    0x10b8a: 68,
+    0x10b8b: 68,
+    0x10b8c: 82,
+    0x10b8d: 68,
+    0x10b8e: 82,
+    0x10b8f: 82,
+    0x10b90: 68,
+    0x10b91: 82,
+    0x10ba9: 82,
+    0x10baa: 82,
+    0x10bab: 82,
+    0x10bac: 82,
+    0x10bad: 68,
+    0x10bae: 68,
+    0x10baf: 85,
+    0x10d00: 76,
+    0x10d01: 68,
+    0x10d02: 68,
+    0x10d03: 68,
+    0x10d04: 68,
+    0x10d05: 68,
+    0x10d06: 68,
+    0x10d07: 68,
+    0x10d08: 68,
+    0x10d09: 68,
+    0x10d0a: 68,
+    0x10d0b: 68,
+    0x10d0c: 68,
+    0x10d0d: 68,
+    0x10d0e: 68,
+    0x10d0f: 68,
+    0x10d10: 68,
+    0x10d11: 68,
+    0x10d12: 68,
+    0x10d13: 68,
+    0x10d14: 68,
+    0x10d15: 68,
+    0x10d16: 68,
+    0x10d17: 68,
+    0x10d18: 68,
+    0x10d19: 68,
+    0x10d1a: 68,
+    0x10d1b: 68,
+    0x10d1c: 68,
+    0x10d1d: 68,
+    0x10d1e: 68,
+    0x10d1f: 68,
+    0x10d20: 68,
+    0x10d21: 68,
+    0x10d22: 82,
+    0x10d23: 68,
+    0x10f30: 68,
+    0x10f31: 68,
+    0x10f32: 68,
+    0x10f33: 82,
+    0x10f34: 68,
+    0x10f35: 68,
+    0x10f36: 68,
+    0x10f37: 68,
+    0x10f38: 68,
+    0x10f39: 68,
+    0x10f3a: 68,
+    0x10f3b: 68,
+    0x10f3c: 68,
+    0x10f3d: 68,
+    0x10f3e: 68,
+    0x10f3f: 68,
+    0x10f40: 68,
+    0x10f41: 68,
+    0x10f42: 68,
+    0x10f43: 68,
+    0x10f44: 68,
+    0x10f45: 85,
+    0x10f51: 68,
+    0x10f52: 68,
+    0x10f53: 68,
+    0x10f54: 82,
+    0x10f70: 68,
+    0x10f71: 68,
+    0x10f72: 68,
+    0x10f73: 68,
+    0x10f74: 82,
+    0x10f75: 82,
+    0x10f76: 68,
+    0x10f77: 68,
+    0x10f78: 68,
+    0x10f79: 68,
+    0x10f7a: 68,
+    0x10f7b: 68,
+    0x10f7c: 68,
+    0x10f7d: 68,
+    0x10f7e: 68,
+    0x10f7f: 68,
+    0x10f80: 68,
+    0x10f81: 68,
+    0x10fb0: 68,
+    0x10fb1: 85,
+    0x10fb2: 68,
+    0x10fb3: 68,
+    0x10fb4: 82,
+    0x10fb5: 82,
+    0x10fb6: 82,
+    0x10fb7: 85,
+    0x10fb8: 68,
+    0x10fb9: 82,
+    0x10fba: 82,
+    0x10fbb: 68,
+    0x10fbc: 68,
+    0x10fbd: 82,
+    0x10fbe: 68,
+    0x10fbf: 68,
+    0x10fc0: 85,
+    0x10fc1: 68,
+    0x10fc2: 82,
+    0x10fc3: 82,
+    0x10fc4: 68,
+    0x10fc5: 85,
+    0x10fc6: 85,
+    0x10fc7: 85,
+    0x10fc8: 85,
+    0x10fc9: 82,
+    0x10fca: 68,
+    0x10fcb: 76,
+    0x110bd: 85,
+    0x110cd: 85,
+    0x1e900: 68,
+    0x1e901: 68,
+    0x1e902: 68,
+    0x1e903: 68,
+    0x1e904: 68,
+    0x1e905: 68,
+    0x1e906: 68,
+    0x1e907: 68,
+    0x1e908: 68,
+    0x1e909: 68,
+    0x1e90a: 68,
+    0x1e90b: 68,
+    0x1e90c: 68,
+    0x1e90d: 68,
+    0x1e90e: 68,
+    0x1e90f: 68,
+    0x1e910: 68,
+    0x1e911: 68,
+    0x1e912: 68,
+    0x1e913: 68,
+    0x1e914: 68,
+    0x1e915: 68,
+    0x1e916: 68,
+    0x1e917: 68,
+    0x1e918: 68,
+    0x1e919: 68,
+    0x1e91a: 68,
+    0x1e91b: 68,
+    0x1e91c: 68,
+    0x1e91d: 68,
+    0x1e91e: 68,
+    0x1e91f: 68,
+    0x1e920: 68,
+    0x1e921: 68,
+    0x1e922: 68,
+    0x1e923: 68,
+    0x1e924: 68,
+    0x1e925: 68,
+    0x1e926: 68,
+    0x1e927: 68,
+    0x1e928: 68,
+    0x1e929: 68,
+    0x1e92a: 68,
+    0x1e92b: 68,
+    0x1e92c: 68,
+    0x1e92d: 68,
+    0x1e92e: 68,
+    0x1e92f: 68,
+    0x1e930: 68,
+    0x1e931: 68,
+    0x1e932: 68,
+    0x1e933: 68,
+    0x1e934: 68,
+    0x1e935: 68,
+    0x1e936: 68,
+    0x1e937: 68,
+    0x1e938: 68,
+    0x1e939: 68,
+    0x1e93a: 68,
+    0x1e93b: 68,
+    0x1e93c: 68,
+    0x1e93d: 68,
+    0x1e93e: 68,
+    0x1e93f: 68,
+    0x1e940: 68,
+    0x1e941: 68,
+    0x1e942: 68,
+    0x1e943: 68,
+    0x1e94b: 84,
+}
+codepoint_classes = {
+    'PVALID': (
+        0x2d0000002e,
+        0x300000003a,
+        0x610000007b,
+        0xdf000000f7,
+        0xf800000100,
+        0x10100000102,
+        0x10300000104,
+        0x10500000106,
+        0x10700000108,
+        0x1090000010a,
+        0x10b0000010c,
+        0x10d0000010e,
+        0x10f00000110,
+        0x11100000112,
+        0x11300000114,
+        0x11500000116,
+        0x11700000118,
+        0x1190000011a,
+        0x11b0000011c,
+        0x11d0000011e,
+        0x11f00000120,
+        0x12100000122,
+        0x12300000124,
+        0x12500000126,
+        0x12700000128,
+        0x1290000012a,
+        0x12b0000012c,
+        0x12d0000012e,
+        0x12f00000130,
+        0x13100000132,
+        0x13500000136,
+        0x13700000139,
+        0x13a0000013b,
+        0x13c0000013d,
+        0x13e0000013f,
+        0x14200000143,
+        0x14400000145,
+        0x14600000147,
+        0x14800000149,
+        0x14b0000014c,
+        0x14d0000014e,
+        0x14f00000150,
+        0x15100000152,
+        0x15300000154,
+        0x15500000156,
+        0x15700000158,
+        0x1590000015a,
+        0x15b0000015c,
+        0x15d0000015e,
+        0x15f00000160,
+        0x16100000162,
+        0x16300000164,
+        0x16500000166,
+        0x16700000168,
+        0x1690000016a,
+        0x16b0000016c,
+        0x16d0000016e,
+        0x16f00000170,
+        0x17100000172,
+        0x17300000174,
+        0x17500000176,
+        0x17700000178,
+        0x17a0000017b,
+        0x17c0000017d,
+        0x17e0000017f,
+        0x18000000181,
+        0x18300000184,
+        0x18500000186,
+        0x18800000189,
+        0x18c0000018e,
+        0x19200000193,
+        0x19500000196,
+        0x1990000019c,
+        0x19e0000019f,
+        0x1a1000001a2,
+        0x1a3000001a4,
+        0x1a5000001a6,
+        0x1a8000001a9,
+        0x1aa000001ac,
+        0x1ad000001ae,
+        0x1b0000001b1,
+        0x1b4000001b5,
+        0x1b6000001b7,
+        0x1b9000001bc,
+        0x1bd000001c4,
+        0x1ce000001cf,
+        0x1d0000001d1,
+        0x1d2000001d3,
+        0x1d4000001d5,
+        0x1d6000001d7,
+        0x1d8000001d9,
+        0x1da000001db,
+        0x1dc000001de,
+        0x1df000001e0,
+        0x1e1000001e2,
+        0x1e3000001e4,
+        0x1e5000001e6,
+        0x1e7000001e8,
+        0x1e9000001ea,
+        0x1eb000001ec,
+        0x1ed000001ee,
+        0x1ef000001f1,
+        0x1f5000001f6,
+        0x1f9000001fa,
+        0x1fb000001fc,
+        0x1fd000001fe,
+        0x1ff00000200,
+        0x20100000202,
+        0x20300000204,
+        0x20500000206,
+        0x20700000208,
+        0x2090000020a,
+        0x20b0000020c,
+        0x20d0000020e,
+        0x20f00000210,
+        0x21100000212,
+        0x21300000214,
+        0x21500000216,
+        0x21700000218,
+        0x2190000021a,
+        0x21b0000021c,
+        0x21d0000021e,
+        0x21f00000220,
+        0x22100000222,
+        0x22300000224,
+        0x22500000226,
+        0x22700000228,
+        0x2290000022a,
+        0x22b0000022c,
+        0x22d0000022e,
+        0x22f00000230,
+        0x23100000232,
+        0x2330000023a,
+        0x23c0000023d,
+        0x23f00000241,
+        0x24200000243,
+        0x24700000248,
+        0x2490000024a,
+        0x24b0000024c,
+        0x24d0000024e,
+        0x24f000002b0,
+        0x2b9000002c2,
+        0x2c6000002d2,
+        0x2ec000002ed,
+        0x2ee000002ef,
+        0x30000000340,
+        0x34200000343,
+        0x3460000034f,
+        0x35000000370,
+        0x37100000372,
+        0x37300000374,
+        0x37700000378,
+        0x37b0000037e,
+        0x39000000391,
+        0x3ac000003cf,
+        0x3d7000003d8,
+        0x3d9000003da,
+        0x3db000003dc,
+        0x3dd000003de,
+        0x3df000003e0,
+        0x3e1000003e2,
+        0x3e3000003e4,
+        0x3e5000003e6,
+        0x3e7000003e8,
+        0x3e9000003ea,
+        0x3eb000003ec,
+        0x3ed000003ee,
+        0x3ef000003f0,
+        0x3f3000003f4,
+        0x3f8000003f9,
+        0x3fb000003fd,
+        0x43000000460,
+        0x46100000462,
+        0x46300000464,
+        0x46500000466,
+        0x46700000468,
+        0x4690000046a,
+        0x46b0000046c,
+        0x46d0000046e,
+        0x46f00000470,
+        0x47100000472,
+        0x47300000474,
+        0x47500000476,
+        0x47700000478,
+        0x4790000047a,
+        0x47b0000047c,
+        0x47d0000047e,
+        0x47f00000480,
+        0x48100000482,
+        0x48300000488,
+        0x48b0000048c,
+        0x48d0000048e,
+        0x48f00000490,
+        0x49100000492,
+        0x49300000494,
+        0x49500000496,
+        0x49700000498,
+        0x4990000049a,
+        0x49b0000049c,
+        0x49d0000049e,
+        0x49f000004a0,
+        0x4a1000004a2,
+        0x4a3000004a4,
+        0x4a5000004a6,
+        0x4a7000004a8,
+        0x4a9000004aa,
+        0x4ab000004ac,
+        0x4ad000004ae,
+        0x4af000004b0,
+        0x4b1000004b2,
+        0x4b3000004b4,
+        0x4b5000004b6,
+        0x4b7000004b8,
+        0x4b9000004ba,
+        0x4bb000004bc,
+        0x4bd000004be,
+        0x4bf000004c0,
+        0x4c2000004c3,
+        0x4c4000004c5,
+        0x4c6000004c7,
+        0x4c8000004c9,
+        0x4ca000004cb,
+        0x4cc000004cd,
+        0x4ce000004d0,
+        0x4d1000004d2,
+        0x4d3000004d4,
+        0x4d5000004d6,
+        0x4d7000004d8,
+        0x4d9000004da,
+        0x4db000004dc,
+        0x4dd000004de,
+        0x4df000004e0,
+        0x4e1000004e2,
+        0x4e3000004e4,
+        0x4e5000004e6,
+        0x4e7000004e8,
+        0x4e9000004ea,
+        0x4eb000004ec,
+        0x4ed000004ee,
+        0x4ef000004f0,
+        0x4f1000004f2,
+        0x4f3000004f4,
+        0x4f5000004f6,
+        0x4f7000004f8,
+        0x4f9000004fa,
+        0x4fb000004fc,
+        0x4fd000004fe,
+        0x4ff00000500,
+        0x50100000502,
+        0x50300000504,
+        0x50500000506,
+        0x50700000508,
+        0x5090000050a,
+        0x50b0000050c,
+        0x50d0000050e,
+        0x50f00000510,
+        0x51100000512,
+        0x51300000514,
+        0x51500000516,
+        0x51700000518,
+        0x5190000051a,
+        0x51b0000051c,
+        0x51d0000051e,
+        0x51f00000520,
+        0x52100000522,
+        0x52300000524,
+        0x52500000526,
+        0x52700000528,
+        0x5290000052a,
+        0x52b0000052c,
+        0x52d0000052e,
+        0x52f00000530,
+        0x5590000055a,
+        0x56000000587,
+        0x58800000589,
+        0x591000005be,
+        0x5bf000005c0,
+        0x5c1000005c3,
+        0x5c4000005c6,
+        0x5c7000005c8,
+        0x5d0000005eb,
+        0x5ef000005f3,
+        0x6100000061b,
+        0x62000000640,
+        0x64100000660,
+        0x66e00000675,
+        0x679000006d4,
+        0x6d5000006dd,
+        0x6df000006e9,
+        0x6ea000006f0,
+        0x6fa00000700,
+        0x7100000074b,
+        0x74d000007b2,
+        0x7c0000007f6,
+        0x7fd000007fe,
+        0x8000000082e,
+        0x8400000085c,
+        0x8600000086b,
+        0x87000000888,
+        0x8890000088f,
+        0x898000008e2,
+        0x8e300000958,
+        0x96000000964,
+        0x96600000970,
+        0x97100000984,
+        0x9850000098d,
+        0x98f00000991,
+        0x993000009a9,
+        0x9aa000009b1,
+        0x9b2000009b3,
+        0x9b6000009ba,
+        0x9bc000009c5,
+        0x9c7000009c9,
+        0x9cb000009cf,
+        0x9d7000009d8,
+        0x9e0000009e4,
+        0x9e6000009f2,
+        0x9fc000009fd,
+        0x9fe000009ff,
+        0xa0100000a04,
+        0xa0500000a0b,
+        0xa0f00000a11,
+        0xa1300000a29,
+        0xa2a00000a31,
+        0xa3200000a33,
+        0xa3500000a36,
+        0xa3800000a3a,
+        0xa3c00000a3d,
+        0xa3e00000a43,
+        0xa4700000a49,
+        0xa4b00000a4e,
+        0xa5100000a52,
+        0xa5c00000a5d,
+        0xa6600000a76,
+        0xa8100000a84,
+        0xa8500000a8e,
+        0xa8f00000a92,
+        0xa9300000aa9,
+        0xaaa00000ab1,
+        0xab200000ab4,
+        0xab500000aba,
+        0xabc00000ac6,
+        0xac700000aca,
+        0xacb00000ace,
+        0xad000000ad1,
+        0xae000000ae4,
+        0xae600000af0,
+        0xaf900000b00,
+        0xb0100000b04,
+        0xb0500000b0d,
+        0xb0f00000b11,
+        0xb1300000b29,
+        0xb2a00000b31,
+        0xb3200000b34,
+        0xb3500000b3a,
+        0xb3c00000b45,
+        0xb4700000b49,
+        0xb4b00000b4e,
+        0xb5500000b58,
+        0xb5f00000b64,
+        0xb6600000b70,
+        0xb7100000b72,
+        0xb8200000b84,
+        0xb8500000b8b,
+        0xb8e00000b91,
+        0xb9200000b96,
+        0xb9900000b9b,
+        0xb9c00000b9d,
+        0xb9e00000ba0,
+        0xba300000ba5,
+        0xba800000bab,
+        0xbae00000bba,
+        0xbbe00000bc3,
+        0xbc600000bc9,
+        0xbca00000bce,
+        0xbd000000bd1,
+        0xbd700000bd8,
+        0xbe600000bf0,
+        0xc0000000c0d,
+        0xc0e00000c11,
+        0xc1200000c29,
+        0xc2a00000c3a,
+        0xc3c00000c45,
+        0xc4600000c49,
+        0xc4a00000c4e,
+        0xc5500000c57,
+        0xc5800000c5b,
+        0xc5d00000c5e,
+        0xc6000000c64,
+        0xc6600000c70,
+        0xc8000000c84,
+        0xc8500000c8d,
+        0xc8e00000c91,
+        0xc9200000ca9,
+        0xcaa00000cb4,
+        0xcb500000cba,
+        0xcbc00000cc5,
+        0xcc600000cc9,
+        0xcca00000cce,
+        0xcd500000cd7,
+        0xcdd00000cdf,
+        0xce000000ce4,
+        0xce600000cf0,
+        0xcf100000cf3,
+        0xd0000000d0d,
+        0xd0e00000d11,
+        0xd1200000d45,
+        0xd4600000d49,
+        0xd4a00000d4f,
+        0xd5400000d58,
+        0xd5f00000d64,
+        0xd6600000d70,
+        0xd7a00000d80,
+        0xd8100000d84,
+        0xd8500000d97,
+        0xd9a00000db2,
+        0xdb300000dbc,
+        0xdbd00000dbe,
+        0xdc000000dc7,
+        0xdca00000dcb,
+        0xdcf00000dd5,
+        0xdd600000dd7,
+        0xdd800000de0,
+        0xde600000df0,
+        0xdf200000df4,
+        0xe0100000e33,
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/intranges.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/intranges.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a43b04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/intranges.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+"""
+Given a list of integers, made up of (hopefully) a small number of long runs
+of consecutive integers, compute a representation of the form
+((start1, end1), (start2, end2) ...). Then answer the question "was x present
+in the original list?" in time O(log(# runs)).
+"""
+
+import bisect
+from typing import List, Tuple
+
+def intranges_from_list(list_: List[int]) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+    """Represent a list of integers as a sequence of ranges:
+    ((start_0, end_0), (start_1, end_1), ...), such that the original
+    integers are exactly those x such that start_i <= x < end_i for some i.
+
+    Ranges are encoded as single integers (start << 32 | end), not as tuples.
+    """
+
+    sorted_list = sorted(list_)
+    ranges = []
+    last_write = -1
+    for i in range(len(sorted_list)):
+        if i+1 < len(sorted_list):
+            if sorted_list[i] == sorted_list[i+1]-1:
+                continue
+        current_range = sorted_list[last_write+1:i+1]
+        ranges.append(_encode_range(current_range[0], current_range[-1] + 1))
+        last_write = i
+
+    return tuple(ranges)
+
+def _encode_range(start: int, end: int) -> int:
+    return (start << 32) | end
+
+def _decode_range(r: int) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    return (r >> 32), (r & ((1 << 32) - 1))
+
+
+def intranges_contain(int_: int, ranges: Tuple[int, ...]) -> bool:
+    """Determine if `int_` falls into one of the ranges in `ranges`."""
+    tuple_ = _encode_range(int_, 0)
+    pos = bisect.bisect_left(ranges, tuple_)
+    # we could be immediately ahead of a tuple (start, end)
+    # with start < int_ <= end
+    if pos > 0:
+        left, right = _decode_range(ranges[pos-1])
+        if left <= int_ < right:
+            return True
+    # or we could be immediately behind a tuple (int_, end)
+    if pos < len(ranges):
+        left, _ = _decode_range(ranges[pos])
+        if left == int_:
+            return True
+    return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/package_data.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/package_data.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5ea87c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/package_data.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+__version__ = '3.3'
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/uts46data.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/uts46data.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f65705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/idna/uts46data.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8512 @@
+# This file is automatically generated by tools/idna-data
+# vim: set fileencoding=utf-8 :
+
+from typing import List, Tuple, Union
+
+
+"""IDNA Mapping Table from UTS46."""
+
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+    (0x2F992, 'M', '劳'),
+    (0x2F993, 'M', '花'),
+    (0x2F994, 'M', '芳'),
+    (0x2F995, 'M', '芽'),
+    (0x2F996, 'M', '苦'),
+    (0x2F997, 'M', '𦬼'),
+    (0x2F998, 'M', '若'),
+    (0x2F999, 'M', '茝'),
+    (0x2F99A, 'M', '荣'),
+    (0x2F99B, 'M', '莭'),
+    (0x2F99C, 'M', '茣'),
+    (0x2F99D, 'M', '莽'),
+    (0x2F99E, 'M', '菧'),
+    (0x2F99F, 'M', '著'),
+    (0x2F9A0, 'M', '荓'),
+    (0x2F9A1, 'M', '菊'),
+    (0x2F9A2, 'M', '菌'),
+    (0x2F9A3, 'M', '菜'),
+    (0x2F9A4, 'M', '𦰶'),
+    (0x2F9A5, 'M', '𦵫'),
+    (0x2F9A6, 'M', '𦳕'),
+    (0x2F9A7, 'M', '䔫'),
+    (0x2F9A8, 'M', '蓱'),
+    (0x2F9A9, 'M', '蓳'),
+    (0x2F9AA, 'M', '蔖'),
+    (0x2F9AB, 'M', '𧏊'),
+    (0x2F9AC, 'M', '蕤'),
+    (0x2F9AD, 'M', '𦼬'),
+    (0x2F9AE, 'M', '䕝'),
+    (0x2F9AF, 'M', '䕡'),
+    (0x2F9B0, 'M', '𦾱'),
+    (0x2F9B1, 'M', '𧃒'),
+    (0x2F9B2, 'M', '䕫'),
+    (0x2F9B3, 'M', '虐'),
+    (0x2F9B4, 'M', '虜'),
+    (0x2F9B5, 'M', '虧'),
+    (0x2F9B6, 'M', '虩'),
+    (0x2F9B7, 'M', '蚩'),
+    (0x2F9B8, 'M', '蚈'),
+    (0x2F9B9, 'M', '蜎'),
+    (0x2F9BA, 'M', '蛢'),
+    (0x2F9BB, 'M', '蝹'),
+    (0x2F9BC, 'M', '蜨'),
+    (0x2F9BD, 'M', '蝫'),
+    (0x2F9BE, 'M', '螆'),
+    (0x2F9BF, 'X'),
+    (0x2F9C0, 'M', '蟡'),
+    (0x2F9C1, 'M', '蠁'),
+    (0x2F9C2, 'M', '䗹'),
+    ]
+
+def _seg_80() -> List[Union[Tuple[int, str], Tuple[int, str, str]]]:
+    return [
+    (0x2F9C3, 'M', '衠'),
+    (0x2F9C4, 'M', '衣'),
+    (0x2F9C5, 'M', '𧙧'),
+    (0x2F9C6, 'M', '裗'),
+    (0x2F9C7, 'M', '裞'),
+    (0x2F9C8, 'M', '䘵'),
+    (0x2F9C9, 'M', '裺'),
+    (0x2F9CA, 'M', '㒻'),
+    (0x2F9CB, 'M', '𧢮'),
+    (0x2F9CC, 'M', '𧥦'),
+    (0x2F9CD, 'M', '䚾'),
+    (0x2F9CE, 'M', '䛇'),
+    (0x2F9CF, 'M', '誠'),
+    (0x2F9D0, 'M', '諭'),
+    (0x2F9D1, 'M', '變'),
+    (0x2F9D2, 'M', '豕'),
+    (0x2F9D3, 'M', '𧲨'),
+    (0x2F9D4, 'M', '貫'),
+    (0x2F9D5, 'M', '賁'),
+    (0x2F9D6, 'M', '贛'),
+    (0x2F9D7, 'M', '起'),
+    (0x2F9D8, 'M', '𧼯'),
+    (0x2F9D9, 'M', '𠠄'),
+    (0x2F9DA, 'M', '跋'),
+    (0x2F9DB, 'M', '趼'),
+    (0x2F9DC, 'M', '跰'),
+    (0x2F9DD, 'M', '𠣞'),
+    (0x2F9DE, 'M', '軔'),
+    (0x2F9DF, 'M', '輸'),
+    (0x2F9E0, 'M', '𨗒'),
+    (0x2F9E1, 'M', '𨗭'),
+    (0x2F9E2, 'M', '邔'),
+    (0x2F9E3, 'M', '郱'),
+    (0x2F9E4, 'M', '鄑'),
+    (0x2F9E5, 'M', '𨜮'),
+    (0x2F9E6, 'M', '鄛'),
+    (0x2F9E7, 'M', '鈸'),
+    (0x2F9E8, 'M', '鋗'),
+    (0x2F9E9, 'M', '鋘'),
+    (0x2F9EA, 'M', '鉼'),
+    (0x2F9EB, 'M', '鏹'),
+    (0x2F9EC, 'M', '鐕'),
+    (0x2F9ED, 'M', '𨯺'),
+    (0x2F9EE, 'M', '開'),
+    (0x2F9EF, 'M', '䦕'),
+    (0x2F9F0, 'M', '閷'),
+    (0x2F9F1, 'M', '𨵷'),
+    (0x2F9F2, 'M', '䧦'),
+    (0x2F9F3, 'M', '雃'),
+    (0x2F9F4, 'M', '嶲'),
+    (0x2F9F5, 'M', '霣'),
+    (0x2F9F6, 'M', '𩅅'),
+    (0x2F9F7, 'M', '𩈚'),
+    (0x2F9F8, 'M', '䩮'),
+    (0x2F9F9, 'M', '䩶'),
+    (0x2F9FA, 'M', '韠'),
+    (0x2F9FB, 'M', '𩐊'),
+    (0x2F9FC, 'M', '䪲'),
+    (0x2F9FD, 'M', '𩒖'),
+    (0x2F9FE, 'M', '頋'),
+    (0x2FA00, 'M', '頩'),
+    (0x2FA01, 'M', '𩖶'),
+    (0x2FA02, 'M', '飢'),
+    (0x2FA03, 'M', '䬳'),
+    (0x2FA04, 'M', '餩'),
+    (0x2FA05, 'M', '馧'),
+    (0x2FA06, 'M', '駂'),
+    (0x2FA07, 'M', '駾'),
+    (0x2FA08, 'M', '䯎'),
+    (0x2FA09, 'M', '𩬰'),
+    (0x2FA0A, 'M', '鬒'),
+    (0x2FA0B, 'M', '鱀'),
+    (0x2FA0C, 'M', '鳽'),
+    (0x2FA0D, 'M', '䳎'),
+    (0x2FA0E, 'M', '䳭'),
+    (0x2FA0F, 'M', '鵧'),
+    (0x2FA10, 'M', '𪃎'),
+    (0x2FA11, 'M', '䳸'),
+    (0x2FA12, 'M', '𪄅'),
+    (0x2FA13, 'M', '𪈎'),
+    (0x2FA14, 'M', '𪊑'),
+    (0x2FA15, 'M', '麻'),
+    (0x2FA16, 'M', '䵖'),
+    (0x2FA17, 'M', '黹'),
+    (0x2FA18, 'M', '黾'),
+    (0x2FA19, 'M', '鼅'),
+    (0x2FA1A, 'M', '鼏'),
+    (0x2FA1B, 'M', '鼖'),
+    (0x2FA1C, 'M', '鼻'),
+    (0x2FA1D, 'M', '𪘀'),
+    (0x2FA1E, 'X'),
+    (0x30000, 'V'),
+    (0x3134B, 'X'),
+    (0xE0100, 'I'),
+    (0xE01F0, 'X'),
+    ]
+
+uts46data = tuple(
+    _seg_0()
+    + _seg_1()
+    + _seg_2()
+    + _seg_3()
+    + _seg_4()
+    + _seg_5()
+    + _seg_6()
+    + _seg_7()
+    + _seg_8()
+    + _seg_9()
+    + _seg_10()
+    + _seg_11()
+    + _seg_12()
+    + _seg_13()
+    + _seg_14()
+    + _seg_15()
+    + _seg_16()
+    + _seg_17()
+    + _seg_18()
+    + _seg_19()
+    + _seg_20()
+    + _seg_21()
+    + _seg_22()
+    + _seg_23()
+    + _seg_24()
+    + _seg_25()
+    + _seg_26()
+    + _seg_27()
+    + _seg_28()
+    + _seg_29()
+    + _seg_30()
+    + _seg_31()
+    + _seg_32()
+    + _seg_33()
+    + _seg_34()
+    + _seg_35()
+    + _seg_36()
+    + _seg_37()
+    + _seg_38()
+    + _seg_39()
+    + _seg_40()
+    + _seg_41()
+    + _seg_42()
+    + _seg_43()
+    + _seg_44()
+    + _seg_45()
+    + _seg_46()
+    + _seg_47()
+    + _seg_48()
+    + _seg_49()
+    + _seg_50()
+    + _seg_51()
+    + _seg_52()
+    + _seg_53()
+    + _seg_54()
+    + _seg_55()
+    + _seg_56()
+    + _seg_57()
+    + _seg_58()
+    + _seg_59()
+    + _seg_60()
+    + _seg_61()
+    + _seg_62()
+    + _seg_63()
+    + _seg_64()
+    + _seg_65()
+    + _seg_66()
+    + _seg_67()
+    + _seg_68()
+    + _seg_69()
+    + _seg_70()
+    + _seg_71()
+    + _seg_72()
+    + _seg_73()
+    + _seg_74()
+    + _seg_75()
+    + _seg_76()
+    + _seg_77()
+    + _seg_78()
+    + _seg_79()
+    + _seg_80()
+)  # type: Tuple[Union[Tuple[int, str], Tuple[int, str, str]], ...]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6705e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+from ._version import version
+from .exceptions import *
+from .ext import ExtType, Timestamp
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+
+if os.environ.get("MSGPACK_PUREPYTHON") or sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+    from .fallback import Packer, unpackb, Unpacker
+else:
+    try:
+        from ._cmsgpack import Packer, unpackb, Unpacker
+    except ImportError:
+        from .fallback import Packer, unpackb, Unpacker
+
+
+def pack(o, stream, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Pack object `o` and write it to `stream`
+
+    See :class:`Packer` for options.
+    """
+    packer = Packer(**kwargs)
+    stream.write(packer.pack(o))
+
+
+def packb(o, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Pack object `o` and return packed bytes
+
+    See :class:`Packer` for options.
+    """
+    return Packer(**kwargs).pack(o)
+
+
+def unpack(stream, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Unpack an object from `stream`.
+
+    Raises `ExtraData` when `stream` contains extra bytes.
+    See :class:`Unpacker` for options.
+    """
+    data = stream.read()
+    return unpackb(data, **kwargs)
+
+
+# alias for compatibility to simplejson/marshal/pickle.
+load = unpack
+loads = unpackb
+
+dump = pack
+dumps = packb
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/_version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb878b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+version = (1, 0, 3)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6d2615
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+class UnpackException(Exception):
+    """Base class for some exceptions raised while unpacking.
+
+    NOTE: unpack may raise exception other than subclass of
+    UnpackException.  If you want to catch all error, catch
+    Exception instead.
+    """
+
+
+class BufferFull(UnpackException):
+    pass
+
+
+class OutOfData(UnpackException):
+    pass
+
+
+class FormatError(ValueError, UnpackException):
+    """Invalid msgpack format"""
+
+
+class StackError(ValueError, UnpackException):
+    """Too nested"""
+
+
+# Deprecated.  Use ValueError instead
+UnpackValueError = ValueError
+
+
+class ExtraData(UnpackValueError):
+    """ExtraData is raised when there is trailing data.
+
+    This exception is raised while only one-shot (not streaming)
+    unpack.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, unpacked, extra):
+        self.unpacked = unpacked
+        self.extra = extra
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "unpack(b) received extra data."
+
+
+# Deprecated.  Use Exception instead to catch all exception during packing.
+PackException = Exception
+PackValueError = ValueError
+PackOverflowError = OverflowError
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/ext.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/ext.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4eb9dd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/ext.py
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+from collections import namedtuple
+import datetime
+import sys
+import struct
+
+
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+
+if PY2:
+    int_types = (int, long)
+    _utc = None
+else:
+    int_types = int
+    try:
+        _utc = datetime.timezone.utc
+    except AttributeError:
+        _utc = datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(0))
+
+
+class ExtType(namedtuple("ExtType", "code data")):
+    """ExtType represents ext type in msgpack."""
+
+    def __new__(cls, code, data):
+        if not isinstance(code, int):
+            raise TypeError("code must be int")
+        if not isinstance(data, bytes):
+            raise TypeError("data must be bytes")
+        if not 0 <= code <= 127:
+            raise ValueError("code must be 0~127")
+        return super(ExtType, cls).__new__(cls, code, data)
+
+
+class Timestamp(object):
+    """Timestamp represents the Timestamp extension type in msgpack.
+
+    When built with Cython, msgpack uses C methods to pack and unpack `Timestamp`. When using pure-Python
+    msgpack, :func:`to_bytes` and :func:`from_bytes` are used to pack and unpack `Timestamp`.
+
+    This class is immutable: Do not override seconds and nanoseconds.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["seconds", "nanoseconds"]
+
+    def __init__(self, seconds, nanoseconds=0):
+        """Initialize a Timestamp object.
+
+        :param int seconds:
+            Number of seconds since the UNIX epoch (00:00:00 UTC Jan 1 1970, minus leap seconds).
+            May be negative.
+
+        :param int nanoseconds:
+            Number of nanoseconds to add to `seconds` to get fractional time.
+            Maximum is 999_999_999.  Default is 0.
+
+        Note: Negative times (before the UNIX epoch) are represented as negative seconds + positive ns.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(seconds, int_types):
+            raise TypeError("seconds must be an interger")
+        if not isinstance(nanoseconds, int_types):
+            raise TypeError("nanoseconds must be an integer")
+        if not (0 <= nanoseconds < 10 ** 9):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "nanoseconds must be a non-negative integer less than 999999999."
+            )
+        self.seconds = seconds
+        self.nanoseconds = nanoseconds
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """String representation of Timestamp."""
+        return "Timestamp(seconds={0}, nanoseconds={1})".format(
+            self.seconds, self.nanoseconds
+        )
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """Check for equality with another Timestamp object"""
+        if type(other) is self.__class__:
+            return (
+                self.seconds == other.seconds and self.nanoseconds == other.nanoseconds
+            )
+        return False
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        """not-equals method (see :func:`__eq__()`)"""
+        return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash((self.seconds, self.nanoseconds))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_bytes(b):
+        """Unpack bytes into a `Timestamp` object.
+
+        Used for pure-Python msgpack unpacking.
+
+        :param b: Payload from msgpack ext message with code -1
+        :type b: bytes
+
+        :returns: Timestamp object unpacked from msgpack ext payload
+        :rtype: Timestamp
+        """
+        if len(b) == 4:
+            seconds = struct.unpack("!L", b)[0]
+            nanoseconds = 0
+        elif len(b) == 8:
+            data64 = struct.unpack("!Q", b)[0]
+            seconds = data64 & 0x00000003FFFFFFFF
+            nanoseconds = data64 >> 34
+        elif len(b) == 12:
+            nanoseconds, seconds = struct.unpack("!Iq", b)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Timestamp type can only be created from 32, 64, or 96-bit byte objects"
+            )
+        return Timestamp(seconds, nanoseconds)
+
+    def to_bytes(self):
+        """Pack this Timestamp object into bytes.
+
+        Used for pure-Python msgpack packing.
+
+        :returns data: Payload for EXT message with code -1 (timestamp type)
+        :rtype: bytes
+        """
+        if (self.seconds >> 34) == 0:  # seconds is non-negative and fits in 34 bits
+            data64 = self.nanoseconds << 34 | self.seconds
+            if data64 & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000 == 0:
+                # nanoseconds is zero and seconds < 2**32, so timestamp 32
+                data = struct.pack("!L", data64)
+            else:
+                # timestamp 64
+                data = struct.pack("!Q", data64)
+        else:
+            # timestamp 96
+            data = struct.pack("!Iq", self.nanoseconds, self.seconds)
+        return data
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_unix(unix_sec):
+        """Create a Timestamp from posix timestamp in seconds.
+
+        :param unix_float: Posix timestamp in seconds.
+        :type unix_float: int or float.
+        """
+        seconds = int(unix_sec // 1)
+        nanoseconds = int((unix_sec % 1) * 10 ** 9)
+        return Timestamp(seconds, nanoseconds)
+
+    def to_unix(self):
+        """Get the timestamp as a floating-point value.
+
+        :returns: posix timestamp
+        :rtype: float
+        """
+        return self.seconds + self.nanoseconds / 1e9
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_unix_nano(unix_ns):
+        """Create a Timestamp from posix timestamp in nanoseconds.
+
+        :param int unix_ns: Posix timestamp in nanoseconds.
+        :rtype: Timestamp
+        """
+        return Timestamp(*divmod(unix_ns, 10 ** 9))
+
+    def to_unix_nano(self):
+        """Get the timestamp as a unixtime in nanoseconds.
+
+        :returns: posix timestamp in nanoseconds
+        :rtype: int
+        """
+        return self.seconds * 10 ** 9 + self.nanoseconds
+
+    def to_datetime(self):
+        """Get the timestamp as a UTC datetime.
+
+        Python 2 is not supported.
+
+        :rtype: datetime.
+        """
+        return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(0, _utc) + datetime.timedelta(
+            seconds=self.to_unix()
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_datetime(dt):
+        """Create a Timestamp from datetime with tzinfo.
+
+        Python 2 is not supported.
+
+        :rtype: Timestamp
+        """
+        return Timestamp.from_unix(dt.timestamp())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/fallback.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/fallback.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b27acb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/msgpack/fallback.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1012 @@
+"""Fallback pure Python implementation of msgpack"""
+from datetime import datetime as _DateTime
+import sys
+import struct
+
+
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+if PY2:
+    int_types = (int, long)
+
+    def dict_iteritems(d):
+        return d.iteritems()
+
+
+else:
+    int_types = int
+    unicode = str
+    xrange = range
+
+    def dict_iteritems(d):
+        return d.items()
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 5):
+    # Ugly hack...
+    RecursionError = RuntimeError
+
+    def _is_recursionerror(e):
+        return (
+            len(e.args) == 1
+            and isinstance(e.args[0], str)
+            and e.args[0].startswith("maximum recursion depth exceeded")
+        )
+
+
+else:
+
+    def _is_recursionerror(e):
+        return True
+
+
+if hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info"):
+    # StringIO is slow on PyPy, StringIO is faster.  However: PyPy's own
+    # StringBuilder is fastest.
+    from __pypy__ import newlist_hint
+
+    try:
+        from __pypy__.builders import BytesBuilder as StringBuilder
+    except ImportError:
+        from __pypy__.builders import StringBuilder
+    USING_STRINGBUILDER = True
+
+    class StringIO(object):
+        def __init__(self, s=b""):
+            if s:
+                self.builder = StringBuilder(len(s))
+                self.builder.append(s)
+            else:
+                self.builder = StringBuilder()
+
+        def write(self, s):
+            if isinstance(s, memoryview):
+                s = s.tobytes()
+            elif isinstance(s, bytearray):
+                s = bytes(s)
+            self.builder.append(s)
+
+        def getvalue(self):
+            return self.builder.build()
+
+
+else:
+    USING_STRINGBUILDER = False
+    from io import BytesIO as StringIO
+
+    newlist_hint = lambda size: []
+
+
+from .exceptions import BufferFull, OutOfData, ExtraData, FormatError, StackError
+
+from .ext import ExtType, Timestamp
+
+
+EX_SKIP = 0
+EX_CONSTRUCT = 1
+EX_READ_ARRAY_HEADER = 2
+EX_READ_MAP_HEADER = 3
+
+TYPE_IMMEDIATE = 0
+TYPE_ARRAY = 1
+TYPE_MAP = 2
+TYPE_RAW = 3
+TYPE_BIN = 4
+TYPE_EXT = 5
+
+DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT = 511
+
+
+def _check_type_strict(obj, t, type=type, tuple=tuple):
+    if type(t) is tuple:
+        return type(obj) in t
+    else:
+        return type(obj) is t
+
+
+def _get_data_from_buffer(obj):
+    view = memoryview(obj)
+    if view.itemsize != 1:
+        raise ValueError("cannot unpack from multi-byte object")
+    return view
+
+
+def unpackb(packed, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Unpack an object from `packed`.
+
+    Raises ``ExtraData`` when *packed* contains extra bytes.
+    Raises ``ValueError`` when *packed* is incomplete.
+    Raises ``FormatError`` when *packed* is not valid msgpack.
+    Raises ``StackError`` when *packed* contains too nested.
+    Other exceptions can be raised during unpacking.
+
+    See :class:`Unpacker` for options.
+    """
+    unpacker = Unpacker(None, max_buffer_size=len(packed), **kwargs)
+    unpacker.feed(packed)
+    try:
+        ret = unpacker._unpack()
+    except OutOfData:
+        raise ValueError("Unpack failed: incomplete input")
+    except RecursionError as e:
+        if _is_recursionerror(e):
+            raise StackError
+        raise
+    if unpacker._got_extradata():
+        raise ExtraData(ret, unpacker._get_extradata())
+    return ret
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (2, 7, 6):
+
+    def _unpack_from(f, b, o=0):
+        """Explicit type cast for legacy struct.unpack_from"""
+        return struct.unpack_from(f, bytes(b), o)
+
+
+else:
+    _unpack_from = struct.unpack_from
+
+_NO_FORMAT_USED = ""
+_MSGPACK_HEADERS = {
+    0xC4: (1, _NO_FORMAT_USED, TYPE_BIN),
+    0xC5: (2, ">H", TYPE_BIN),
+    0xC6: (4, ">I", TYPE_BIN),
+    0xC7: (2, "Bb", TYPE_EXT),
+    0xC8: (3, ">Hb", TYPE_EXT),
+    0xC9: (5, ">Ib", TYPE_EXT),
+    0xCA: (4, ">f"),
+    0xCB: (8, ">d"),
+    0xCC: (1, _NO_FORMAT_USED),
+    0xCD: (2, ">H"),
+    0xCE: (4, ">I"),
+    0xCF: (8, ">Q"),
+    0xD0: (1, "b"),
+    0xD1: (2, ">h"),
+    0xD2: (4, ">i"),
+    0xD3: (8, ">q"),
+    0xD4: (1, "b1s", TYPE_EXT),
+    0xD5: (2, "b2s", TYPE_EXT),
+    0xD6: (4, "b4s", TYPE_EXT),
+    0xD7: (8, "b8s", TYPE_EXT),
+    0xD8: (16, "b16s", TYPE_EXT),
+    0xD9: (1, _NO_FORMAT_USED, TYPE_RAW),
+    0xDA: (2, ">H", TYPE_RAW),
+    0xDB: (4, ">I", TYPE_RAW),
+    0xDC: (2, ">H", TYPE_ARRAY),
+    0xDD: (4, ">I", TYPE_ARRAY),
+    0xDE: (2, ">H", TYPE_MAP),
+    0xDF: (4, ">I", TYPE_MAP),
+}
+
+
+class Unpacker(object):
+    """Streaming unpacker.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+    :param file_like:
+        File-like object having `.read(n)` method.
+        If specified, unpacker reads serialized data from it and :meth:`feed()` is not usable.
+
+    :param int read_size:
+        Used as `file_like.read(read_size)`. (default: `min(16*1024, max_buffer_size)`)
+
+    :param bool use_list:
+        If true, unpack msgpack array to Python list.
+        Otherwise, unpack to Python tuple. (default: True)
+
+    :param bool raw:
+        If true, unpack msgpack raw to Python bytes.
+        Otherwise, unpack to Python str by decoding with UTF-8 encoding (default).
+
+    :param int timestamp:
+        Control how timestamp type is unpacked:
+
+            0 - Timestamp
+            1 - float  (Seconds from the EPOCH)
+            2 - int  (Nanoseconds from the EPOCH)
+            3 - datetime.datetime  (UTC).  Python 2 is not supported.
+
+    :param bool strict_map_key:
+        If true (default), only str or bytes are accepted for map (dict) keys.
+
+    :param callable object_hook:
+        When specified, it should be callable.
+        Unpacker calls it with a dict argument after unpacking msgpack map.
+        (See also simplejson)
+
+    :param callable object_pairs_hook:
+        When specified, it should be callable.
+        Unpacker calls it with a list of key-value pairs after unpacking msgpack map.
+        (See also simplejson)
+
+    :param str unicode_errors:
+        The error handler for decoding unicode. (default: 'strict')
+        This option should be used only when you have msgpack data which
+        contains invalid UTF-8 string.
+
+    :param int max_buffer_size:
+        Limits size of data waiting unpacked.  0 means 2**32-1.
+        The default value is 100*1024*1024 (100MiB).
+        Raises `BufferFull` exception when it is insufficient.
+        You should set this parameter when unpacking data from untrusted source.
+
+    :param int max_str_len:
+        Deprecated, use *max_buffer_size* instead.
+        Limits max length of str. (default: max_buffer_size)
+
+    :param int max_bin_len:
+        Deprecated, use *max_buffer_size* instead.
+        Limits max length of bin. (default: max_buffer_size)
+
+    :param int max_array_len:
+        Limits max length of array.
+        (default: max_buffer_size)
+
+    :param int max_map_len:
+        Limits max length of map.
+        (default: max_buffer_size//2)
+
+    :param int max_ext_len:
+        Deprecated, use *max_buffer_size* instead.
+        Limits max size of ext type.  (default: max_buffer_size)
+
+    Example of streaming deserialize from file-like object::
+
+        unpacker = Unpacker(file_like)
+        for o in unpacker:
+            process(o)
+
+    Example of streaming deserialize from socket::
+
+        unpacker = Unpacker()
+        while True:
+            buf = sock.recv(1024**2)
+            if not buf:
+                break
+            unpacker.feed(buf)
+            for o in unpacker:
+                process(o)
+
+    Raises ``ExtraData`` when *packed* contains extra bytes.
+    Raises ``OutOfData`` when *packed* is incomplete.
+    Raises ``FormatError`` when *packed* is not valid msgpack.
+    Raises ``StackError`` when *packed* contains too nested.
+    Other exceptions can be raised during unpacking.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        file_like=None,
+        read_size=0,
+        use_list=True,
+        raw=False,
+        timestamp=0,
+        strict_map_key=True,
+        object_hook=None,
+        object_pairs_hook=None,
+        list_hook=None,
+        unicode_errors=None,
+        max_buffer_size=100 * 1024 * 1024,
+        ext_hook=ExtType,
+        max_str_len=-1,
+        max_bin_len=-1,
+        max_array_len=-1,
+        max_map_len=-1,
+        max_ext_len=-1,
+    ):
+        if unicode_errors is None:
+            unicode_errors = "strict"
+
+        if file_like is None:
+            self._feeding = True
+        else:
+            if not callable(file_like.read):
+                raise TypeError("`file_like.read` must be callable")
+            self.file_like = file_like
+            self._feeding = False
+
+        #: array of bytes fed.
+        self._buffer = bytearray()
+        #: Which position we currently reads
+        self._buff_i = 0
+
+        # When Unpacker is used as an iterable, between the calls to next(),
+        # the buffer is not "consumed" completely, for efficiency sake.
+        # Instead, it is done sloppily.  To make sure we raise BufferFull at
+        # the correct moments, we have to keep track of how sloppy we were.
+        # Furthermore, when the buffer is incomplete (that is: in the case
+        # we raise an OutOfData) we need to rollback the buffer to the correct
+        # state, which _buf_checkpoint records.
+        self._buf_checkpoint = 0
+
+        if not max_buffer_size:
+            max_buffer_size = 2 ** 31 - 1
+        if max_str_len == -1:
+            max_str_len = max_buffer_size
+        if max_bin_len == -1:
+            max_bin_len = max_buffer_size
+        if max_array_len == -1:
+            max_array_len = max_buffer_size
+        if max_map_len == -1:
+            max_map_len = max_buffer_size // 2
+        if max_ext_len == -1:
+            max_ext_len = max_buffer_size
+
+        self._max_buffer_size = max_buffer_size
+        if read_size > self._max_buffer_size:
+            raise ValueError("read_size must be smaller than max_buffer_size")
+        self._read_size = read_size or min(self._max_buffer_size, 16 * 1024)
+        self._raw = bool(raw)
+        self._strict_map_key = bool(strict_map_key)
+        self._unicode_errors = unicode_errors
+        self._use_list = use_list
+        if not (0 <= timestamp <= 3):
+            raise ValueError("timestamp must be 0..3")
+        self._timestamp = timestamp
+        self._list_hook = list_hook
+        self._object_hook = object_hook
+        self._object_pairs_hook = object_pairs_hook
+        self._ext_hook = ext_hook
+        self._max_str_len = max_str_len
+        self._max_bin_len = max_bin_len
+        self._max_array_len = max_array_len
+        self._max_map_len = max_map_len
+        self._max_ext_len = max_ext_len
+        self._stream_offset = 0
+
+        if list_hook is not None and not callable(list_hook):
+            raise TypeError("`list_hook` is not callable")
+        if object_hook is not None and not callable(object_hook):
+            raise TypeError("`object_hook` is not callable")
+        if object_pairs_hook is not None and not callable(object_pairs_hook):
+            raise TypeError("`object_pairs_hook` is not callable")
+        if object_hook is not None and object_pairs_hook is not None:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "object_pairs_hook and object_hook are mutually " "exclusive"
+            )
+        if not callable(ext_hook):
+            raise TypeError("`ext_hook` is not callable")
+
+    def feed(self, next_bytes):
+        assert self._feeding
+        view = _get_data_from_buffer(next_bytes)
+        if len(self._buffer) - self._buff_i + len(view) > self._max_buffer_size:
+            raise BufferFull
+
+        # Strip buffer before checkpoint before reading file.
+        if self._buf_checkpoint > 0:
+            del self._buffer[: self._buf_checkpoint]
+            self._buff_i -= self._buf_checkpoint
+            self._buf_checkpoint = 0
+
+        # Use extend here: INPLACE_ADD += doesn't reliably typecast memoryview in jython
+        self._buffer.extend(view)
+
+    def _consume(self):
+        """Gets rid of the used parts of the buffer."""
+        self._stream_offset += self._buff_i - self._buf_checkpoint
+        self._buf_checkpoint = self._buff_i
+
+    def _got_extradata(self):
+        return self._buff_i < len(self._buffer)
+
+    def _get_extradata(self):
+        return self._buffer[self._buff_i :]
+
+    def read_bytes(self, n):
+        ret = self._read(n, raise_outofdata=False)
+        self._consume()
+        return ret
+
+    def _read(self, n, raise_outofdata=True):
+        # (int) -> bytearray
+        self._reserve(n, raise_outofdata=raise_outofdata)
+        i = self._buff_i
+        ret = self._buffer[i : i + n]
+        self._buff_i = i + len(ret)
+        return ret
+
+    def _reserve(self, n, raise_outofdata=True):
+        remain_bytes = len(self._buffer) - self._buff_i - n
+
+        # Fast path: buffer has n bytes already
+        if remain_bytes >= 0:
+            return
+
+        if self._feeding:
+            self._buff_i = self._buf_checkpoint
+            raise OutOfData
+
+        # Strip buffer before checkpoint before reading file.
+        if self._buf_checkpoint > 0:
+            del self._buffer[: self._buf_checkpoint]
+            self._buff_i -= self._buf_checkpoint
+            self._buf_checkpoint = 0
+
+        # Read from file
+        remain_bytes = -remain_bytes
+        while remain_bytes > 0:
+            to_read_bytes = max(self._read_size, remain_bytes)
+            read_data = self.file_like.read(to_read_bytes)
+            if not read_data:
+                break
+            assert isinstance(read_data, bytes)
+            self._buffer += read_data
+            remain_bytes -= len(read_data)
+
+        if len(self._buffer) < n + self._buff_i and raise_outofdata:
+            self._buff_i = 0  # rollback
+            raise OutOfData
+
+    def _read_header(self):
+        typ = TYPE_IMMEDIATE
+        n = 0
+        obj = None
+        self._reserve(1)
+        b = self._buffer[self._buff_i]
+        self._buff_i += 1
+        if b & 0b10000000 == 0:
+            obj = b
+        elif b & 0b11100000 == 0b11100000:
+            obj = -1 - (b ^ 0xFF)
+        elif b & 0b11100000 == 0b10100000:
+            n = b & 0b00011111
+            typ = TYPE_RAW
+            if n > self._max_str_len:
+                raise ValueError("%s exceeds max_str_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_str_len))
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif b & 0b11110000 == 0b10010000:
+            n = b & 0b00001111
+            typ = TYPE_ARRAY
+            if n > self._max_array_len:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "%s exceeds max_array_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_array_len)
+                )
+        elif b & 0b11110000 == 0b10000000:
+            n = b & 0b00001111
+            typ = TYPE_MAP
+            if n > self._max_map_len:
+                raise ValueError("%s exceeds max_map_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_map_len))
+        elif b == 0xC0:
+            obj = None
+        elif b == 0xC2:
+            obj = False
+        elif b == 0xC3:
+            obj = True
+        elif 0xC4 <= b <= 0xC6:
+            size, fmt, typ = _MSGPACK_HEADERS[b]
+            self._reserve(size)
+            if len(fmt) > 0:
+                n = _unpack_from(fmt, self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            else:
+                n = self._buffer[self._buff_i]
+            self._buff_i += size
+            if n > self._max_bin_len:
+                raise ValueError("%s exceeds max_bin_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_bin_len))
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif 0xC7 <= b <= 0xC9:
+            size, fmt, typ = _MSGPACK_HEADERS[b]
+            self._reserve(size)
+            L, n = _unpack_from(fmt, self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += size
+            if L > self._max_ext_len:
+                raise ValueError("%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (L, self._max_ext_len))
+            obj = self._read(L)
+        elif 0xCA <= b <= 0xD3:
+            size, fmt = _MSGPACK_HEADERS[b]
+            self._reserve(size)
+            if len(fmt) > 0:
+                obj = _unpack_from(fmt, self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            else:
+                obj = self._buffer[self._buff_i]
+            self._buff_i += size
+        elif 0xD4 <= b <= 0xD8:
+            size, fmt, typ = _MSGPACK_HEADERS[b]
+            if self._max_ext_len < size:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (size, self._max_ext_len)
+                )
+            self._reserve(size + 1)
+            n, obj = _unpack_from(fmt, self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += size + 1
+        elif 0xD9 <= b <= 0xDB:
+            size, fmt, typ = _MSGPACK_HEADERS[b]
+            self._reserve(size)
+            if len(fmt) > 0:
+                (n,) = _unpack_from(fmt, self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            else:
+                n = self._buffer[self._buff_i]
+            self._buff_i += size
+            if n > self._max_str_len:
+                raise ValueError("%s exceeds max_str_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_str_len))
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif 0xDC <= b <= 0xDD:
+            size, fmt, typ = _MSGPACK_HEADERS[b]
+            self._reserve(size)
+            (n,) = _unpack_from(fmt, self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += size
+            if n > self._max_array_len:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "%s exceeds max_array_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_array_len)
+                )
+        elif 0xDE <= b <= 0xDF:
+            size, fmt, typ = _MSGPACK_HEADERS[b]
+            self._reserve(size)
+            (n,) = _unpack_from(fmt, self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += size
+            if n > self._max_map_len:
+                raise ValueError("%s exceeds max_map_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_map_len))
+        else:
+            raise FormatError("Unknown header: 0x%x" % b)
+        return typ, n, obj
+
+    def _unpack(self, execute=EX_CONSTRUCT):
+        typ, n, obj = self._read_header()
+
+        if execute == EX_READ_ARRAY_HEADER:
+            if typ != TYPE_ARRAY:
+                raise ValueError("Expected array")
+            return n
+        if execute == EX_READ_MAP_HEADER:
+            if typ != TYPE_MAP:
+                raise ValueError("Expected map")
+            return n
+        # TODO should we eliminate the recursion?
+        if typ == TYPE_ARRAY:
+            if execute == EX_SKIP:
+                for i in xrange(n):
+                    # TODO check whether we need to call `list_hook`
+                    self._unpack(EX_SKIP)
+                return
+            ret = newlist_hint(n)
+            for i in xrange(n):
+                ret.append(self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT))
+            if self._list_hook is not None:
+                ret = self._list_hook(ret)
+            # TODO is the interaction between `list_hook` and `use_list` ok?
+            return ret if self._use_list else tuple(ret)
+        if typ == TYPE_MAP:
+            if execute == EX_SKIP:
+                for i in xrange(n):
+                    # TODO check whether we need to call hooks
+                    self._unpack(EX_SKIP)
+                    self._unpack(EX_SKIP)
+                return
+            if self._object_pairs_hook is not None:
+                ret = self._object_pairs_hook(
+                    (self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT), self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT))
+                    for _ in xrange(n)
+                )
+            else:
+                ret = {}
+                for _ in xrange(n):
+                    key = self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT)
+                    if self._strict_map_key and type(key) not in (unicode, bytes):
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            "%s is not allowed for map key" % str(type(key))
+                        )
+                    if not PY2 and type(key) is str:
+                        key = sys.intern(key)
+                    ret[key] = self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT)
+                if self._object_hook is not None:
+                    ret = self._object_hook(ret)
+            return ret
+        if execute == EX_SKIP:
+            return
+        if typ == TYPE_RAW:
+            if self._raw:
+                obj = bytes(obj)
+            else:
+                obj = obj.decode("utf_8", self._unicode_errors)
+            return obj
+        if typ == TYPE_BIN:
+            return bytes(obj)
+        if typ == TYPE_EXT:
+            if n == -1:  # timestamp
+                ts = Timestamp.from_bytes(bytes(obj))
+                if self._timestamp == 1:
+                    return ts.to_unix()
+                elif self._timestamp == 2:
+                    return ts.to_unix_nano()
+                elif self._timestamp == 3:
+                    return ts.to_datetime()
+                else:
+                    return ts
+            else:
+                return self._ext_hook(n, bytes(obj))
+        assert typ == TYPE_IMMEDIATE
+        return obj
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        try:
+            ret = self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT)
+            self._consume()
+            return ret
+        except OutOfData:
+            self._consume()
+            raise StopIteration
+        except RecursionError:
+            raise StackError
+
+    next = __next__
+
+    def skip(self):
+        self._unpack(EX_SKIP)
+        self._consume()
+
+    def unpack(self):
+        try:
+            ret = self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT)
+        except RecursionError:
+            raise StackError
+        self._consume()
+        return ret
+
+    def read_array_header(self):
+        ret = self._unpack(EX_READ_ARRAY_HEADER)
+        self._consume()
+        return ret
+
+    def read_map_header(self):
+        ret = self._unpack(EX_READ_MAP_HEADER)
+        self._consume()
+        return ret
+
+    def tell(self):
+        return self._stream_offset
+
+
+class Packer(object):
+    """
+    MessagePack Packer
+
+    Usage::
+
+        packer = Packer()
+        astream.write(packer.pack(a))
+        astream.write(packer.pack(b))
+
+    Packer's constructor has some keyword arguments:
+
+    :param callable default:
+        Convert user type to builtin type that Packer supports.
+        See also simplejson's document.
+
+    :param bool use_single_float:
+        Use single precision float type for float. (default: False)
+
+    :param bool autoreset:
+        Reset buffer after each pack and return its content as `bytes`. (default: True).
+        If set this to false, use `bytes()` to get content and `.reset()` to clear buffer.
+
+    :param bool use_bin_type:
+        Use bin type introduced in msgpack spec 2.0 for bytes.
+        It also enables str8 type for unicode. (default: True)
+
+    :param bool strict_types:
+        If set to true, types will be checked to be exact. Derived classes
+        from serializable types will not be serialized and will be
+        treated as unsupported type and forwarded to default.
+        Additionally tuples will not be serialized as lists.
+        This is useful when trying to implement accurate serialization
+        for python types.
+
+    :param bool datetime:
+        If set to true, datetime with tzinfo is packed into Timestamp type.
+        Note that the tzinfo is stripped in the timestamp.
+        You can get UTC datetime with `timestamp=3` option of the Unpacker.
+        (Python 2 is not supported).
+
+    :param str unicode_errors:
+        The error handler for encoding unicode. (default: 'strict')
+        DO NOT USE THIS!!  This option is kept for very specific usage.
+
+    Example of streaming deserialize from file-like object::
+
+        unpacker = Unpacker(file_like)
+        for o in unpacker:
+            process(o)
+
+    Example of streaming deserialize from socket::
+
+        unpacker = Unpacker()
+        while True:
+            buf = sock.recv(1024**2)
+            if not buf:
+                break
+            unpacker.feed(buf)
+            for o in unpacker:
+                process(o)
+
+    Raises ``ExtraData`` when *packed* contains extra bytes.
+    Raises ``OutOfData`` when *packed* is incomplete.
+    Raises ``FormatError`` when *packed* is not valid msgpack.
+    Raises ``StackError`` when *packed* contains too nested.
+    Other exceptions can be raised during unpacking.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        default=None,
+        use_single_float=False,
+        autoreset=True,
+        use_bin_type=True,
+        strict_types=False,
+        datetime=False,
+        unicode_errors=None,
+    ):
+        self._strict_types = strict_types
+        self._use_float = use_single_float
+        self._autoreset = autoreset
+        self._use_bin_type = use_bin_type
+        self._buffer = StringIO()
+        if PY2 and datetime:
+            raise ValueError("datetime is not supported in Python 2")
+        self._datetime = bool(datetime)
+        self._unicode_errors = unicode_errors or "strict"
+        if default is not None:
+            if not callable(default):
+                raise TypeError("default must be callable")
+        self._default = default
+
+    def _pack(
+        self,
+        obj,
+        nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT,
+        check=isinstance,
+        check_type_strict=_check_type_strict,
+    ):
+        default_used = False
+        if self._strict_types:
+            check = check_type_strict
+            list_types = list
+        else:
+            list_types = (list, tuple)
+        while True:
+            if nest_limit < 0:
+                raise ValueError("recursion limit exceeded")
+            if obj is None:
+                return self._buffer.write(b"\xc0")
+            if check(obj, bool):
+                if obj:
+                    return self._buffer.write(b"\xc3")
+                return self._buffer.write(b"\xc2")
+            if check(obj, int_types):
+                if 0 <= obj < 0x80:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack("B", obj))
+                if -0x20 <= obj < 0:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack("b", obj))
+                if 0x80 <= obj <= 0xFF:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack("BB", 0xCC, obj))
+                if -0x80 <= obj < 0:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bb", 0xD0, obj))
+                if 0xFF < obj <= 0xFFFF:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xCD, obj))
+                if -0x8000 <= obj < -0x80:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bh", 0xD1, obj))
+                if 0xFFFF < obj <= 0xFFFFFFFF:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xCE, obj))
+                if -0x80000000 <= obj < -0x8000:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bi", 0xD2, obj))
+                if 0xFFFFFFFF < obj <= 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BQ", 0xCF, obj))
+                if -0x8000000000000000 <= obj < -0x80000000:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bq", 0xD3, obj))
+                if not default_used and self._default is not None:
+                    obj = self._default(obj)
+                    default_used = True
+                    continue
+                raise OverflowError("Integer value out of range")
+            if check(obj, (bytes, bytearray)):
+                n = len(obj)
+                if n >= 2 ** 32:
+                    raise ValueError("%s is too large" % type(obj).__name__)
+                self._pack_bin_header(n)
+                return self._buffer.write(obj)
+            if check(obj, unicode):
+                obj = obj.encode("utf-8", self._unicode_errors)
+                n = len(obj)
+                if n >= 2 ** 32:
+                    raise ValueError("String is too large")
+                self._pack_raw_header(n)
+                return self._buffer.write(obj)
+            if check(obj, memoryview):
+                n = len(obj) * obj.itemsize
+                if n >= 2 ** 32:
+                    raise ValueError("Memoryview is too large")
+                self._pack_bin_header(n)
+                return self._buffer.write(obj)
+            if check(obj, float):
+                if self._use_float:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bf", 0xCA, obj))
+                return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bd", 0xCB, obj))
+            if check(obj, (ExtType, Timestamp)):
+                if check(obj, Timestamp):
+                    code = -1
+                    data = obj.to_bytes()
+                else:
+                    code = obj.code
+                    data = obj.data
+                assert isinstance(code, int)
+                assert isinstance(data, bytes)
+                L = len(data)
+                if L == 1:
+                    self._buffer.write(b"\xd4")
+                elif L == 2:
+                    self._buffer.write(b"\xd5")
+                elif L == 4:
+                    self._buffer.write(b"\xd6")
+                elif L == 8:
+                    self._buffer.write(b"\xd7")
+                elif L == 16:
+                    self._buffer.write(b"\xd8")
+                elif L <= 0xFF:
+                    self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BB", 0xC7, L))
+                elif L <= 0xFFFF:
+                    self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xC8, L))
+                else:
+                    self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xC9, L))
+                self._buffer.write(struct.pack("b", code))
+                self._buffer.write(data)
+                return
+            if check(obj, list_types):
+                n = len(obj)
+                self._pack_array_header(n)
+                for i in xrange(n):
+                    self._pack(obj[i], nest_limit - 1)
+                return
+            if check(obj, dict):
+                return self._pack_map_pairs(
+                    len(obj), dict_iteritems(obj), nest_limit - 1
+                )
+
+            if self._datetime and check(obj, _DateTime) and obj.tzinfo is not None:
+                obj = Timestamp.from_datetime(obj)
+                default_used = 1
+                continue
+
+            if not default_used and self._default is not None:
+                obj = self._default(obj)
+                default_used = 1
+                continue
+
+            if self._datetime and check(obj, _DateTime):
+                raise ValueError("Cannot serialize %r where tzinfo=None" % (obj,))
+
+            raise TypeError("Cannot serialize %r" % (obj,))
+
+    def pack(self, obj):
+        try:
+            self._pack(obj)
+        except:
+            self._buffer = StringIO()  # force reset
+            raise
+        if self._autoreset:
+            ret = self._buffer.getvalue()
+            self._buffer = StringIO()
+            return ret
+
+    def pack_map_pairs(self, pairs):
+        self._pack_map_pairs(len(pairs), pairs)
+        if self._autoreset:
+            ret = self._buffer.getvalue()
+            self._buffer = StringIO()
+            return ret
+
+    def pack_array_header(self, n):
+        if n >= 2 ** 32:
+            raise ValueError
+        self._pack_array_header(n)
+        if self._autoreset:
+            ret = self._buffer.getvalue()
+            self._buffer = StringIO()
+            return ret
+
+    def pack_map_header(self, n):
+        if n >= 2 ** 32:
+            raise ValueError
+        self._pack_map_header(n)
+        if self._autoreset:
+            ret = self._buffer.getvalue()
+            self._buffer = StringIO()
+            return ret
+
+    def pack_ext_type(self, typecode, data):
+        if not isinstance(typecode, int):
+            raise TypeError("typecode must have int type.")
+        if not 0 <= typecode <= 127:
+            raise ValueError("typecode should be 0-127")
+        if not isinstance(data, bytes):
+            raise TypeError("data must have bytes type")
+        L = len(data)
+        if L > 0xFFFFFFFF:
+            raise ValueError("Too large data")
+        if L == 1:
+            self._buffer.write(b"\xd4")
+        elif L == 2:
+            self._buffer.write(b"\xd5")
+        elif L == 4:
+            self._buffer.write(b"\xd6")
+        elif L == 8:
+            self._buffer.write(b"\xd7")
+        elif L == 16:
+            self._buffer.write(b"\xd8")
+        elif L <= 0xFF:
+            self._buffer.write(b"\xc7" + struct.pack("B", L))
+        elif L <= 0xFFFF:
+            self._buffer.write(b"\xc8" + struct.pack(">H", L))
+        else:
+            self._buffer.write(b"\xc9" + struct.pack(">I", L))
+        self._buffer.write(struct.pack("B", typecode))
+        self._buffer.write(data)
+
+    def _pack_array_header(self, n):
+        if n <= 0x0F:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack("B", 0x90 + n))
+        if n <= 0xFFFF:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xDC, n))
+        if n <= 0xFFFFFFFF:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xDD, n))
+        raise ValueError("Array is too large")
+
+    def _pack_map_header(self, n):
+        if n <= 0x0F:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack("B", 0x80 + n))
+        if n <= 0xFFFF:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xDE, n))
+        if n <= 0xFFFFFFFF:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xDF, n))
+        raise ValueError("Dict is too large")
+
+    def _pack_map_pairs(self, n, pairs, nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT):
+        self._pack_map_header(n)
+        for (k, v) in pairs:
+            self._pack(k, nest_limit - 1)
+            self._pack(v, nest_limit - 1)
+
+    def _pack_raw_header(self, n):
+        if n <= 0x1F:
+            self._buffer.write(struct.pack("B", 0xA0 + n))
+        elif self._use_bin_type and n <= 0xFF:
+            self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BB", 0xD9, n))
+        elif n <= 0xFFFF:
+            self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xDA, n))
+        elif n <= 0xFFFFFFFF:
+            self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xDB, n))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Raw is too large")
+
+    def _pack_bin_header(self, n):
+        if not self._use_bin_type:
+            return self._pack_raw_header(n)
+        elif n <= 0xFF:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BB", 0xC4, n))
+        elif n <= 0xFFFF:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xC5, n))
+        elif n <= 0xFFFFFFFF:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xC6, n))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Bin is too large")
+
+    def bytes(self):
+        """Return internal buffer contents as bytes object"""
+        return self._buffer.getvalue()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """Reset internal buffer.
+
+        This method is useful only when autoreset=False.
+        """
+        self._buffer = StringIO()
+
+    def getbuffer(self):
+        """Return view of internal buffer."""
+        if USING_STRINGBUILDER or PY2:
+            return memoryview(self.bytes())
+        else:
+            return self._buffer.getbuffer()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3551bc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__",
+    "__summary__",
+    "__uri__",
+    "__version__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__email__",
+    "__license__",
+    "__copyright__",
+]
+
+__title__ = "packaging"
+__summary__ = "Core utilities for Python packages"
+__uri__ = "https://github.com/pypa/packaging"
+
+__version__ = "21.3"
+
+__author__ = "Donald Stufft and individual contributors"
+__email__ = "donald@stufft.io"
+
+__license__ = "BSD-2-Clause or Apache-2.0"
+__copyright__ = "2014-2019 %s" % __author__
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c50c5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+from .__about__ import (
+    __author__,
+    __copyright__,
+    __email__,
+    __license__,
+    __summary__,
+    __title__,
+    __uri__,
+    __version__,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__",
+    "__summary__",
+    "__uri__",
+    "__version__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__email__",
+    "__license__",
+    "__copyright__",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/_manylinux.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/_manylinux.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c379aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/_manylinux.py
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+import collections
+import functools
+import os
+import re
+import struct
+import sys
+import warnings
+from typing import IO, Dict, Iterator, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple
+
+
+# Python does not provide platform information at sufficient granularity to
+# identify the architecture of the running executable in some cases, so we
+# determine it dynamically by reading the information from the running
+# process. This only applies on Linux, which uses the ELF format.
+class _ELFFileHeader:
+    # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format#File_header
+    class _InvalidELFFileHeader(ValueError):
+        """
+        An invalid ELF file header was found.
+        """
+
+    ELF_MAGIC_NUMBER = 0x7F454C46
+    ELFCLASS32 = 1
+    ELFCLASS64 = 2
+    ELFDATA2LSB = 1
+    ELFDATA2MSB = 2
+    EM_386 = 3
+    EM_S390 = 22
+    EM_ARM = 40
+    EM_X86_64 = 62
+    EF_ARM_ABIMASK = 0xFF000000
+    EF_ARM_ABI_VER5 = 0x05000000
+    EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD = 0x00000400
+
+    def __init__(self, file: IO[bytes]) -> None:
+        def unpack(fmt: str) -> int:
+            try:
+                data = file.read(struct.calcsize(fmt))
+                result: Tuple[int, ...] = struct.unpack(fmt, data)
+            except struct.error:
+                raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+            return result[0]
+
+        self.e_ident_magic = unpack(">I")
+        if self.e_ident_magic != self.ELF_MAGIC_NUMBER:
+            raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+        self.e_ident_class = unpack("B")
+        if self.e_ident_class not in {self.ELFCLASS32, self.ELFCLASS64}:
+            raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+        self.e_ident_data = unpack("B")
+        if self.e_ident_data not in {self.ELFDATA2LSB, self.ELFDATA2MSB}:
+            raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+        self.e_ident_version = unpack("B")
+        self.e_ident_osabi = unpack("B")
+        self.e_ident_abiversion = unpack("B")
+        self.e_ident_pad = file.read(7)
+        format_h = "<H" if self.e_ident_data == self.ELFDATA2LSB else ">H"
+        format_i = "<I" if self.e_ident_data == self.ELFDATA2LSB else ">I"
+        format_q = "<Q" if self.e_ident_data == self.ELFDATA2LSB else ">Q"
+        format_p = format_i if self.e_ident_class == self.ELFCLASS32 else format_q
+        self.e_type = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_machine = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_version = unpack(format_i)
+        self.e_entry = unpack(format_p)
+        self.e_phoff = unpack(format_p)
+        self.e_shoff = unpack(format_p)
+        self.e_flags = unpack(format_i)
+        self.e_ehsize = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_phentsize = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_phnum = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_shentsize = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_shnum = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_shstrndx = unpack(format_h)
+
+
+def _get_elf_header() -> Optional[_ELFFileHeader]:
+    try:
+        with open(sys.executable, "rb") as f:
+            elf_header = _ELFFileHeader(f)
+    except (OSError, TypeError, _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader):
+        return None
+    return elf_header
+
+
+def _is_linux_armhf() -> bool:
+    # hard-float ABI can be detected from the ELF header of the running
+    # process
+    # https://static.docs.arm.com/ihi0044/g/aaelf32.pdf
+    elf_header = _get_elf_header()
+    if elf_header is None:
+        return False
+    result = elf_header.e_ident_class == elf_header.ELFCLASS32
+    result &= elf_header.e_ident_data == elf_header.ELFDATA2LSB
+    result &= elf_header.e_machine == elf_header.EM_ARM
+    result &= (
+        elf_header.e_flags & elf_header.EF_ARM_ABIMASK
+    ) == elf_header.EF_ARM_ABI_VER5
+    result &= (
+        elf_header.e_flags & elf_header.EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD
+    ) == elf_header.EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD
+    return result
+
+
+def _is_linux_i686() -> bool:
+    elf_header = _get_elf_header()
+    if elf_header is None:
+        return False
+    result = elf_header.e_ident_class == elf_header.ELFCLASS32
+    result &= elf_header.e_ident_data == elf_header.ELFDATA2LSB
+    result &= elf_header.e_machine == elf_header.EM_386
+    return result
+
+
+def _have_compatible_abi(arch: str) -> bool:
+    if arch == "armv7l":
+        return _is_linux_armhf()
+    if arch == "i686":
+        return _is_linux_i686()
+    return arch in {"x86_64", "aarch64", "ppc64", "ppc64le", "s390x"}
+
+
+# If glibc ever changes its major version, we need to know what the last
+# minor version was, so we can build the complete list of all versions.
+# For now, guess what the highest minor version might be, assume it will
+# be 50 for testing. Once this actually happens, update the dictionary
+# with the actual value.
+_LAST_GLIBC_MINOR: Dict[int, int] = collections.defaultdict(lambda: 50)
+
+
+class _GLibCVersion(NamedTuple):
+    major: int
+    minor: int
+
+
+def _glibc_version_string_confstr() -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Primary implementation of glibc_version_string using os.confstr.
+    """
+    # os.confstr is quite a bit faster than ctypes.DLL. It's also less likely
+    # to be broken or missing. This strategy is used in the standard library
+    # platform module.
+    # https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/fcf1d003bf4f0100c/Lib/platform.py#L175-L183
+    try:
+        # os.confstr("CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION") returns a string like "glibc 2.17".
+        version_string = os.confstr("CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION")
+        assert version_string is not None
+        _, version = version_string.split()
+    except (AssertionError, AttributeError, OSError, ValueError):
+        # os.confstr() or CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION not available (or a bad value)...
+        return None
+    return version
+
+
+def _glibc_version_string_ctypes() -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Fallback implementation of glibc_version_string using ctypes.
+    """
+    try:
+        import ctypes
+    except ImportError:
+        return None
+
+    # ctypes.CDLL(None) internally calls dlopen(NULL), and as the dlopen
+    # manpage says, "If filename is NULL, then the returned handle is for the
+    # main program". This way we can let the linker do the work to figure out
+    # which libc our process is actually using.
+    #
+    # We must also handle the special case where the executable is not a
+    # dynamically linked executable. This can occur when using musl libc,
+    # for example. In this situation, dlopen() will error, leading to an
+    # OSError. Interestingly, at least in the case of musl, there is no
+    # errno set on the OSError. The single string argument used to construct
+    # OSError comes from libc itself and is therefore not portable to
+    # hard code here. In any case, failure to call dlopen() means we
+    # can proceed, so we bail on our attempt.
+    try:
+        process_namespace = ctypes.CDLL(None)
+    except OSError:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        gnu_get_libc_version = process_namespace.gnu_get_libc_version
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Symbol doesn't exist -> therefore, we are not linked to
+        # glibc.
+        return None
+
+    # Call gnu_get_libc_version, which returns a string like "2.5"
+    gnu_get_libc_version.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
+    version_str: str = gnu_get_libc_version()
+    # py2 / py3 compatibility:
+    if not isinstance(version_str, str):
+        version_str = version_str.decode("ascii")
+
+    return version_str
+
+
+def _glibc_version_string() -> Optional[str]:
+    """Returns glibc version string, or None if not using glibc."""
+    return _glibc_version_string_confstr() or _glibc_version_string_ctypes()
+
+
+def _parse_glibc_version(version_str: str) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    """Parse glibc version.
+
+    We use a regexp instead of str.split because we want to discard any
+    random junk that might come after the minor version -- this might happen
+    in patched/forked versions of glibc (e.g. Linaro's version of glibc
+    uses version strings like "2.20-2014.11"). See gh-3588.
+    """
+    m = re.match(r"(?P<major>[0-9]+)\.(?P<minor>[0-9]+)", version_str)
+    if not m:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Expected glibc version with 2 components major.minor,"
+            " got: %s" % version_str,
+            RuntimeWarning,
+        )
+        return -1, -1
+    return int(m.group("major")), int(m.group("minor"))
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache()
+def _get_glibc_version() -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    version_str = _glibc_version_string()
+    if version_str is None:
+        return (-1, -1)
+    return _parse_glibc_version(version_str)
+
+
+# From PEP 513, PEP 600
+def _is_compatible(name: str, arch: str, version: _GLibCVersion) -> bool:
+    sys_glibc = _get_glibc_version()
+    if sys_glibc < version:
+        return False
+    # Check for presence of _manylinux module.
+    try:
+        import _manylinux  # noqa
+    except ImportError:
+        return True
+    if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux_compatible"):
+        result = _manylinux.manylinux_compatible(version[0], version[1], arch)
+        if result is not None:
+            return bool(result)
+        return True
+    if version == _GLibCVersion(2, 5):
+        if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux1_compatible"):
+            return bool(_manylinux.manylinux1_compatible)
+    if version == _GLibCVersion(2, 12):
+        if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux2010_compatible"):
+            return bool(_manylinux.manylinux2010_compatible)
+    if version == _GLibCVersion(2, 17):
+        if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux2014_compatible"):
+            return bool(_manylinux.manylinux2014_compatible)
+    return True
+
+
+_LEGACY_MANYLINUX_MAP = {
+    # CentOS 7 w/ glibc 2.17 (PEP 599)
+    (2, 17): "manylinux2014",
+    # CentOS 6 w/ glibc 2.12 (PEP 571)
+    (2, 12): "manylinux2010",
+    # CentOS 5 w/ glibc 2.5 (PEP 513)
+    (2, 5): "manylinux1",
+}
+
+
+def platform_tags(linux: str, arch: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    if not _have_compatible_abi(arch):
+        return
+    # Oldest glibc to be supported regardless of architecture is (2, 17).
+    too_old_glibc2 = _GLibCVersion(2, 16)
+    if arch in {"x86_64", "i686"}:
+        # On x86/i686 also oldest glibc to be supported is (2, 5).
+        too_old_glibc2 = _GLibCVersion(2, 4)
+    current_glibc = _GLibCVersion(*_get_glibc_version())
+    glibc_max_list = [current_glibc]
+    # We can assume compatibility across glibc major versions.
+    # https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24636
+    #
+    # Build a list of maximum glibc versions so that we can
+    # output the canonical list of all glibc from current_glibc
+    # down to too_old_glibc2, including all intermediary versions.
+    for glibc_major in range(current_glibc.major - 1, 1, -1):
+        glibc_minor = _LAST_GLIBC_MINOR[glibc_major]
+        glibc_max_list.append(_GLibCVersion(glibc_major, glibc_minor))
+    for glibc_max in glibc_max_list:
+        if glibc_max.major == too_old_glibc2.major:
+            min_minor = too_old_glibc2.minor
+        else:
+            # For other glibc major versions oldest supported is (x, 0).
+            min_minor = -1
+        for glibc_minor in range(glibc_max.minor, min_minor, -1):
+            glibc_version = _GLibCVersion(glibc_max.major, glibc_minor)
+            tag = "manylinux_{}_{}".format(*glibc_version)
+            if _is_compatible(tag, arch, glibc_version):
+                yield linux.replace("linux", tag)
+            # Handle the legacy manylinux1, manylinux2010, manylinux2014 tags.
+            if glibc_version in _LEGACY_MANYLINUX_MAP:
+                legacy_tag = _LEGACY_MANYLINUX_MAP[glibc_version]
+                if _is_compatible(legacy_tag, arch, glibc_version):
+                    yield linux.replace("linux", legacy_tag)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/_musllinux.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/_musllinux.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ac3059
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/_musllinux.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+"""PEP 656 support.
+
+This module implements logic to detect if the currently running Python is
+linked against musl, and what musl version is used.
+"""
+
+import contextlib
+import functools
+import operator
+import os
+import re
+import struct
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from typing import IO, Iterator, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple
+
+
+def _read_unpacked(f: IO[bytes], fmt: str) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+    return struct.unpack(fmt, f.read(struct.calcsize(fmt)))
+
+
+def _parse_ld_musl_from_elf(f: IO[bytes]) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Detect musl libc location by parsing the Python executable.
+
+    Based on: https://gist.github.com/lyssdod/f51579ae8d93c8657a5564aefc2ffbca
+    ELF header: https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/elf/gabi4+/ch4.eheader.html
+    """
+    f.seek(0)
+    try:
+        ident = _read_unpacked(f, "16B")
+    except struct.error:
+        return None
+    if ident[:4] != tuple(b"\x7fELF"):  # Invalid magic, not ELF.
+        return None
+    f.seek(struct.calcsize("HHI"), 1)  # Skip file type, machine, and version.
+
+    try:
+        # e_fmt: Format for program header.
+        # p_fmt: Format for section header.
+        # p_idx: Indexes to find p_type, p_offset, and p_filesz.
+        e_fmt, p_fmt, p_idx = {
+            1: ("IIIIHHH", "IIIIIIII", (0, 1, 4)),  # 32-bit.
+            2: ("QQQIHHH", "IIQQQQQQ", (0, 2, 5)),  # 64-bit.
+        }[ident[4]]
+    except KeyError:
+        return None
+    else:
+        p_get = operator.itemgetter(*p_idx)
+
+    # Find the interpreter section and return its content.
+    try:
+        _, e_phoff, _, _, _, e_phentsize, e_phnum = _read_unpacked(f, e_fmt)
+    except struct.error:
+        return None
+    for i in range(e_phnum + 1):
+        f.seek(e_phoff + e_phentsize * i)
+        try:
+            p_type, p_offset, p_filesz = p_get(_read_unpacked(f, p_fmt))
+        except struct.error:
+            return None
+        if p_type != 3:  # Not PT_INTERP.
+            continue
+        f.seek(p_offset)
+        interpreter = os.fsdecode(f.read(p_filesz)).strip("\0")
+        if "musl" not in interpreter:
+            return None
+        return interpreter
+    return None
+
+
+class _MuslVersion(NamedTuple):
+    major: int
+    minor: int
+
+
+def _parse_musl_version(output: str) -> Optional[_MuslVersion]:
+    lines = [n for n in (n.strip() for n in output.splitlines()) if n]
+    if len(lines) < 2 or lines[0][:4] != "musl":
+        return None
+    m = re.match(r"Version (\d+)\.(\d+)", lines[1])
+    if not m:
+        return None
+    return _MuslVersion(major=int(m.group(1)), minor=int(m.group(2)))
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache()
+def _get_musl_version(executable: str) -> Optional[_MuslVersion]:
+    """Detect currently-running musl runtime version.
+
+    This is done by checking the specified executable's dynamic linking
+    information, and invoking the loader to parse its output for a version
+    string. If the loader is musl, the output would be something like::
+
+        musl libc (x86_64)
+        Version 1.2.2
+        Dynamic Program Loader
+    """
+    with contextlib.ExitStack() as stack:
+        try:
+            f = stack.enter_context(open(executable, "rb"))
+        except OSError:
+            return None
+        ld = _parse_ld_musl_from_elf(f)
+    if not ld:
+        return None
+    proc = subprocess.run([ld], stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
+    return _parse_musl_version(proc.stderr)
+
+
+def platform_tags(arch: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Generate musllinux tags compatible to the current platform.
+
+    :param arch: Should be the part of platform tag after the ``linux_``
+        prefix, e.g. ``x86_64``. The ``linux_`` prefix is assumed as a
+        prerequisite for the current platform to be musllinux-compatible.
+
+    :returns: An iterator of compatible musllinux tags.
+    """
+    sys_musl = _get_musl_version(sys.executable)
+    if sys_musl is None:  # Python not dynamically linked against musl.
+        return
+    for minor in range(sys_musl.minor, -1, -1):
+        yield f"musllinux_{sys_musl.major}_{minor}_{arch}"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import sysconfig
+
+    plat = sysconfig.get_platform()
+    assert plat.startswith("linux-"), "not linux"
+
+    print("plat:", plat)
+    print("musl:", _get_musl_version(sys.executable))
+    print("tags:", end=" ")
+    for t in platform_tags(re.sub(r"[.-]", "_", plat.split("-", 1)[-1])):
+        print(t, end="\n      ")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90a6465
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+
+class InfinityType:
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __le__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __neg__(self: object) -> "NegativeInfinityType":
+        return NegativeInfinity
+
+
+Infinity = InfinityType()
+
+
+class NegativeInfinityType:
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "-Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __le__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __neg__(self: object) -> InfinityType:
+        return Infinity
+
+
+NegativeInfinity = NegativeInfinityType()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/markers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..540e7a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import operator
+import os
+import platform
+import sys
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.pyparsing import (  # noqa: N817
+    Forward,
+    Group,
+    Literal as L,
+    ParseException,
+    ParseResults,
+    QuotedString,
+    ZeroOrMore,
+    stringEnd,
+    stringStart,
+)
+
+from .specifiers import InvalidSpecifier, Specifier
+
+__all__ = [
+    "InvalidMarker",
+    "UndefinedComparison",
+    "UndefinedEnvironmentName",
+    "Marker",
+    "default_environment",
+]
+
+Operator = Callable[[str, str], bool]
+
+
+class InvalidMarker(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid marker was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedComparison(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid operation was attempted on a value that doesn't support it.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedEnvironmentName(ValueError):
+    """
+    A name was attempted to be used that does not exist inside of the
+    environment.
+    """
+
+
+class Node:
+    def __init__(self, value: Any) -> None:
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.value)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__}('{self}')>"
+
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Variable(Node):
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+class Value(Node):
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        return f'"{self}"'
+
+
+class Op(Node):
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+VARIABLE = (
+    L("implementation_version")
+    | L("platform_python_implementation")
+    | L("implementation_name")
+    | L("python_full_version")
+    | L("platform_release")
+    | L("platform_version")
+    | L("platform_machine")
+    | L("platform_system")
+    | L("python_version")
+    | L("sys_platform")
+    | L("os_name")
+    | L("os.name")  # PEP-345
+    | L("sys.platform")  # PEP-345
+    | L("platform.version")  # PEP-345
+    | L("platform.machine")  # PEP-345
+    | L("platform.python_implementation")  # PEP-345
+    | L("python_implementation")  # undocumented setuptools legacy
+    | L("extra")  # PEP-508
+)
+ALIASES = {
+    "os.name": "os_name",
+    "sys.platform": "sys_platform",
+    "platform.version": "platform_version",
+    "platform.machine": "platform_machine",
+    "platform.python_implementation": "platform_python_implementation",
+    "python_implementation": "platform_python_implementation",
+}
+VARIABLE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Variable(ALIASES.get(t[0], t[0])))
+
+VERSION_CMP = (
+    L("===") | L("==") | L(">=") | L("<=") | L("!=") | L("~=") | L(">") | L("<")
+)
+
+MARKER_OP = VERSION_CMP | L("not in") | L("in")
+MARKER_OP.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Op(t[0]))
+
+MARKER_VALUE = QuotedString("'") | QuotedString('"')
+MARKER_VALUE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Value(t[0]))
+
+BOOLOP = L("and") | L("or")
+
+MARKER_VAR = VARIABLE | MARKER_VALUE
+
+MARKER_ITEM = Group(MARKER_VAR + MARKER_OP + MARKER_VAR)
+MARKER_ITEM.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: tuple(t[0]))
+
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+
+MARKER_EXPR = Forward()
+MARKER_ATOM = MARKER_ITEM | Group(LPAREN + MARKER_EXPR + RPAREN)
+MARKER_EXPR << MARKER_ATOM + ZeroOrMore(BOOLOP + MARKER_EXPR)
+
+MARKER = stringStart + MARKER_EXPR + stringEnd
+
+
+def _coerce_parse_result(results: Union[ParseResults, List[Any]]) -> List[Any]:
+    if isinstance(results, ParseResults):
+        return [_coerce_parse_result(i) for i in results]
+    else:
+        return results
+
+
+def _format_marker(
+    marker: Union[List[str], Tuple[Node, ...], str], first: Optional[bool] = True
+) -> str:
+
+    assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, str))
+
+    # Sometimes we have a structure like [[...]] which is a single item list
+    # where the single item is itself it's own list. In that case we want skip
+    # the rest of this function so that we don't get extraneous () on the
+    # outside.
+    if (
+        isinstance(marker, list)
+        and len(marker) == 1
+        and isinstance(marker[0], (list, tuple))
+    ):
+        return _format_marker(marker[0])
+
+    if isinstance(marker, list):
+        inner = (_format_marker(m, first=False) for m in marker)
+        if first:
+            return " ".join(inner)
+        else:
+            return "(" + " ".join(inner) + ")"
+    elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+        return " ".join([m.serialize() for m in marker])
+    else:
+        return marker
+
+
+_operators: Dict[str, Operator] = {
+    "in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs in rhs,
+    "not in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs not in rhs,
+    "<": operator.lt,
+    "<=": operator.le,
+    "==": operator.eq,
+    "!=": operator.ne,
+    ">=": operator.ge,
+    ">": operator.gt,
+}
+
+
+def _eval_op(lhs: str, op: Op, rhs: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        spec = Specifier("".join([op.serialize(), rhs]))
+    except InvalidSpecifier:
+        pass
+    else:
+        return spec.contains(lhs)
+
+    oper: Optional[Operator] = _operators.get(op.serialize())
+    if oper is None:
+        raise UndefinedComparison(f"Undefined {op!r} on {lhs!r} and {rhs!r}.")
+
+    return oper(lhs, rhs)
+
+
+class Undefined:
+    pass
+
+
+_undefined = Undefined()
+
+
+def _get_env(environment: Dict[str, str], name: str) -> str:
+    value: Union[str, Undefined] = environment.get(name, _undefined)
+
+    if isinstance(value, Undefined):
+        raise UndefinedEnvironmentName(
+            f"{name!r} does not exist in evaluation environment."
+        )
+
+    return value
+
+
+def _evaluate_markers(markers: List[Any], environment: Dict[str, str]) -> bool:
+    groups: List[List[bool]] = [[]]
+
+    for marker in markers:
+        assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, str))
+
+        if isinstance(marker, list):
+            groups[-1].append(_evaluate_markers(marker, environment))
+        elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+            lhs, op, rhs = marker
+
+            if isinstance(lhs, Variable):
+                lhs_value = _get_env(environment, lhs.value)
+                rhs_value = rhs.value
+            else:
+                lhs_value = lhs.value
+                rhs_value = _get_env(environment, rhs.value)
+
+            groups[-1].append(_eval_op(lhs_value, op, rhs_value))
+        else:
+            assert marker in ["and", "or"]
+            if marker == "or":
+                groups.append([])
+
+    return any(all(item) for item in groups)
+
+
+def format_full_version(info: "sys._version_info") -> str:
+    version = "{0.major}.{0.minor}.{0.micro}".format(info)
+    kind = info.releaselevel
+    if kind != "final":
+        version += kind[0] + str(info.serial)
+    return version
+
+
+def default_environment() -> Dict[str, str]:
+    iver = format_full_version(sys.implementation.version)
+    implementation_name = sys.implementation.name
+    return {
+        "implementation_name": implementation_name,
+        "implementation_version": iver,
+        "os_name": os.name,
+        "platform_machine": platform.machine(),
+        "platform_release": platform.release(),
+        "platform_system": platform.system(),
+        "platform_version": platform.version(),
+        "python_full_version": platform.python_version(),
+        "platform_python_implementation": platform.python_implementation(),
+        "python_version": ".".join(platform.python_version_tuple()[:2]),
+        "sys_platform": sys.platform,
+    }
+
+
+class Marker:
+    def __init__(self, marker: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            self._markers = _coerce_parse_result(MARKER.parseString(marker))
+        except ParseException as e:
+            raise InvalidMarker(
+                f"Invalid marker: {marker!r}, parse error at "
+                f"{marker[e.loc : e.loc + 8]!r}"
+            )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return _format_marker(self._markers)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Marker('{self}')>"
+
+    def evaluate(self, environment: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None) -> bool:
+        """Evaluate a marker.
+
+        Return the boolean from evaluating the given marker against the
+        environment. environment is an optional argument to override all or
+        part of the determined environment.
+
+        The environment is determined from the current Python process.
+        """
+        current_environment = default_environment()
+        if environment is not None:
+            current_environment.update(environment)
+
+        return _evaluate_markers(self._markers, current_environment)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1eab7dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import re
+import string
+import urllib.parse
+from typing import List, Optional as TOptional, Set
+
+from pip._vendor.pyparsing import (  # noqa
+    Combine,
+    Literal as L,
+    Optional,
+    ParseException,
+    Regex,
+    Word,
+    ZeroOrMore,
+    originalTextFor,
+    stringEnd,
+    stringStart,
+)
+
+from .markers import MARKER_EXPR, Marker
+from .specifiers import LegacySpecifier, Specifier, SpecifierSet
+
+
+class InvalidRequirement(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid requirement was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+ALPHANUM = Word(string.ascii_letters + string.digits)
+
+LBRACKET = L("[").suppress()
+RBRACKET = L("]").suppress()
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+COMMA = L(",").suppress()
+SEMICOLON = L(";").suppress()
+AT = L("@").suppress()
+
+PUNCTUATION = Word("-_.")
+IDENTIFIER_END = ALPHANUM | (ZeroOrMore(PUNCTUATION) + ALPHANUM)
+IDENTIFIER = Combine(ALPHANUM + ZeroOrMore(IDENTIFIER_END))
+
+NAME = IDENTIFIER("name")
+EXTRA = IDENTIFIER
+
+URI = Regex(r"[^ ]+")("url")
+URL = AT + URI
+
+EXTRAS_LIST = EXTRA + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + EXTRA)
+EXTRAS = (LBRACKET + Optional(EXTRAS_LIST) + RBRACKET)("extras")
+
+VERSION_PEP440 = Regex(Specifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+VERSION_LEGACY = Regex(LegacySpecifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+VERSION_ONE = VERSION_PEP440 ^ VERSION_LEGACY
+VERSION_MANY = Combine(
+    VERSION_ONE + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + VERSION_ONE), joinString=",", adjacent=False
+)("_raw_spec")
+_VERSION_SPEC = Optional((LPAREN + VERSION_MANY + RPAREN) | VERSION_MANY)
+_VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t._raw_spec or "")
+
+VERSION_SPEC = originalTextFor(_VERSION_SPEC)("specifier")
+VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t[1])
+
+MARKER_EXPR = originalTextFor(MARKER_EXPR())("marker")
+MARKER_EXPR.setParseAction(
+    lambda s, l, t: Marker(s[t._original_start : t._original_end])
+)
+MARKER_SEPARATOR = SEMICOLON
+MARKER = MARKER_SEPARATOR + MARKER_EXPR
+
+VERSION_AND_MARKER = VERSION_SPEC + Optional(MARKER)
+URL_AND_MARKER = URL + Optional(MARKER)
+
+NAMED_REQUIREMENT = NAME + Optional(EXTRAS) + (URL_AND_MARKER | VERSION_AND_MARKER)
+
+REQUIREMENT = stringStart + NAMED_REQUIREMENT + stringEnd
+# pyparsing isn't thread safe during initialization, so we do it eagerly, see
+# issue #104
+REQUIREMENT.parseString("x[]")
+
+
+class Requirement:
+    """Parse a requirement.
+
+    Parse a given requirement string into its parts, such as name, specifier,
+    URL, and extras. Raises InvalidRequirement on a badly-formed requirement
+    string.
+    """
+
+    # TODO: Can we test whether something is contained within a requirement?
+    #       If so how do we do that? Do we need to test against the _name_ of
+    #       the thing as well as the version? What about the markers?
+    # TODO: Can we normalize the name and extra name?
+
+    def __init__(self, requirement_string: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            req = REQUIREMENT.parseString(requirement_string)
+        except ParseException as e:
+            raise InvalidRequirement(
+                f'Parse error at "{ requirement_string[e.loc : e.loc + 8]!r}": {e.msg}'
+            )
+
+        self.name: str = req.name
+        if req.url:
+            parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(req.url)
+            if parsed_url.scheme == "file":
+                if urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed_url) != req.url:
+                    raise InvalidRequirement("Invalid URL given")
+            elif not (parsed_url.scheme and parsed_url.netloc) or (
+                not parsed_url.scheme and not parsed_url.netloc
+            ):
+                raise InvalidRequirement(f"Invalid URL: {req.url}")
+            self.url: TOptional[str] = req.url
+        else:
+            self.url = None
+        self.extras: Set[str] = set(req.extras.asList() if req.extras else [])
+        self.specifier: SpecifierSet = SpecifierSet(req.specifier)
+        self.marker: TOptional[Marker] = req.marker if req.marker else None
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        parts: List[str] = [self.name]
+
+        if self.extras:
+            formatted_extras = ",".join(sorted(self.extras))
+            parts.append(f"[{formatted_extras}]")
+
+        if self.specifier:
+            parts.append(str(self.specifier))
+
+        if self.url:
+            parts.append(f"@ {self.url}")
+            if self.marker:
+                parts.append(" ")
+
+        if self.marker:
+            parts.append(f"; {self.marker}")
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Requirement('{self}')>"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e218a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,802 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import abc
+import functools
+import itertools
+import re
+import warnings
+from typing import (
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from .utils import canonicalize_version
+from .version import LegacyVersion, Version, parse
+
+ParsedVersion = Union[Version, LegacyVersion]
+UnparsedVersion = Union[Version, LegacyVersion, str]
+VersionTypeVar = TypeVar("VersionTypeVar", bound=UnparsedVersion)
+CallableOperator = Callable[[ParsedVersion, str], bool]
+
+
+class InvalidSpecifier(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid specifier was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class BaseSpecifier(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Returns the str representation of this Specifier like object. This
+        should be representative of the Specifier itself.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Returns a hash value for this Specifier like object.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        """
+        Returns a boolean representing whether or not the two Specifier like
+        objects are equal.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractproperty
+    def prereleases(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        """
+        Returns whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        """
+        Sets whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def contains(self, item: str, prereleases: Optional[bool] = None) -> bool:
+        """
+        Determines if the given item is contained within this specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def filter(
+        self, iterable: Iterable[VersionTypeVar], prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[VersionTypeVar]:
+        """
+        Takes an iterable of items and filters them so that only items which
+        are contained within this specifier are allowed in it.
+        """
+
+
+class _IndividualSpecifier(BaseSpecifier):
+
+    _operators: Dict[str, str] = {}
+    _regex: Pattern[str]
+
+    def __init__(self, spec: str = "", prereleases: Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+        match = self._regex.search(spec)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidSpecifier(f"Invalid specifier: '{spec}'")
+
+        self._spec: Tuple[str, str] = (
+            match.group("operator").strip(),
+            match.group("version").strip(),
+        )
+
+        # Store whether or not this Specifier should accept prereleases
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        pre = (
+            f", prereleases={self.prereleases!r}"
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__}({str(self)!r}{pre})>"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "{}{}".format(*self._spec)
+
+    @property
+    def _canonical_spec(self) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+        return self._spec[0], canonicalize_version(self._spec[1])
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._canonical_spec)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            try:
+                other = self.__class__(str(other))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                return NotImplemented
+        elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._canonical_spec == other._canonical_spec
+
+    def _get_operator(self, op: str) -> CallableOperator:
+        operator_callable: CallableOperator = getattr(
+            self, f"_compare_{self._operators[op]}"
+        )
+        return operator_callable
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version: UnparsedVersion) -> ParsedVersion:
+        if not isinstance(version, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            version = parse(version)
+        return version
+
+    @property
+    def operator(self) -> str:
+        return self._spec[0]
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> str:
+        return self._spec[1]
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return self._prereleases
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item: str) -> bool:
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(
+        self, item: UnparsedVersion, prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+
+        # Determine if prereleases are to be allowed or not.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # Normalize item to a Version or LegacyVersion, this allows us to have
+        # a shortcut for ``"2.0" in Specifier(">=2")
+        normalized_item = self._coerce_version(item)
+
+        # Determine if we should be supporting prereleases in this specifier
+        # or not, if we do not support prereleases than we can short circuit
+        # logic if this version is a prereleases.
+        if normalized_item.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+            return False
+
+        # Actually do the comparison to determine if this item is contained
+        # within this Specifier or not.
+        operator_callable: CallableOperator = self._get_operator(self.operator)
+        return operator_callable(normalized_item, self.version)
+
+    def filter(
+        self, iterable: Iterable[VersionTypeVar], prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[VersionTypeVar]:
+
+        yielded = False
+        found_prereleases = []
+
+        kw = {"prereleases": prereleases if prereleases is not None else True}
+
+        # Attempt to iterate over all the values in the iterable and if any of
+        # them match, yield them.
+        for version in iterable:
+            parsed_version = self._coerce_version(version)
+
+            if self.contains(parsed_version, **kw):
+                # If our version is a prerelease, and we were not set to allow
+                # prereleases, then we'll store it for later in case nothing
+                # else matches this specifier.
+                if parsed_version.is_prerelease and not (
+                    prereleases or self.prereleases
+                ):
+                    found_prereleases.append(version)
+                # Either this is not a prerelease, or we should have been
+                # accepting prereleases from the beginning.
+                else:
+                    yielded = True
+                    yield version
+
+        # Now that we've iterated over everything, determine if we've yielded
+        # any values, and if we have not and we have any prereleases stored up
+        # then we will go ahead and yield the prereleases.
+        if not yielded and found_prereleases:
+            for version in found_prereleases:
+                yield version
+
+
+class LegacySpecifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = r"""
+        (?P<operator>(==|!=|<=|>=|<|>))
+        \s*
+        (?P<version>
+            [^,;\s)]* # Since this is a "legacy" specifier, and the version
+                      # string can be just about anything, we match everything
+                      # except for whitespace, a semi-colon for marker support,
+                      # a closing paren since versions can be enclosed in
+                      # them, and a comma since it's a version separator.
+        )
+        """
+
+    _regex = re.compile(r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, spec: str = "", prereleases: Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(spec, prereleases)
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Creating a LegacyVersion has been deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in the next major release",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version: UnparsedVersion) -> LegacyVersion:
+        if not isinstance(version, LegacyVersion):
+            version = LegacyVersion(str(version))
+        return version
+
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective == self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective != self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective <= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(
+        self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str
+    ) -> bool:
+        return prospective >= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective < self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective > self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+
+def _require_version_compare(
+    fn: Callable[["Specifier", ParsedVersion, str], bool]
+) -> Callable[["Specifier", ParsedVersion, str], bool]:
+    @functools.wraps(fn)
+    def wrapped(self: "Specifier", prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(prospective, Version):
+            return False
+        return fn(self, prospective, spec)
+
+    return wrapped
+
+
+class Specifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = r"""
+        (?P<operator>(~=|==|!=|<=|>=|<|>|===))
+        (?P<version>
+            (?:
+                # The identity operators allow for an escape hatch that will
+                # do an exact string match of the version you wish to install.
+                # This will not be parsed by PEP 440 and we cannot determine
+                # any semantic meaning from it. This operator is discouraged
+                # but included entirely as an escape hatch.
+                (?<====)  # Only match for the identity operator
+                \s*
+                [^\s]*    # We just match everything, except for whitespace
+                          # since we are only testing for strict identity.
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The (non)equality operators allow for wild card and local
+                # versions to be specified so we have to define these two
+                # operators separately to enable that.
+                (?<===|!=)            # Only match for equals and not equals
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+
+                # You cannot use a wild card and a dev or local version
+                # together so group them with a | and make them optional.
+                (?:
+                    (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?         # dev release
+                    (?:\+[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*)? # local
+                    |
+                    \.\*  # Wild card syntax of .*
+                )?
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The compatible operator requires at least two digits in the
+                # release segment.
+                (?<=~=)               # Only match for the compatible operator
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)+   # release  (We have a + instead of a *)
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # All other operators only allow a sub set of what the
+                # (non)equality operators do. Specifically they do not allow
+                # local versions to be specified nor do they allow the prefix
+                # matching wild cards.
+                (?<!==|!=|~=)         # We have special cases for these
+                                      # operators so we want to make sure they
+                                      # don't match here.
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+        )
+        """
+
+    _regex = re.compile(r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "~=": "compatible",
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+        "===": "arbitrary",
+    }
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_compatible(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+
+        # Compatible releases have an equivalent combination of >= and ==. That
+        # is that ~=2.2 is equivalent to >=2.2,==2.*. This allows us to
+        # implement this in terms of the other specifiers instead of
+        # implementing it ourselves. The only thing we need to do is construct
+        # the other specifiers.
+
+        # We want everything but the last item in the version, but we want to
+        # ignore suffix segments.
+        prefix = ".".join(
+            list(itertools.takewhile(_is_not_suffix, _version_split(spec)))[:-1]
+        )
+
+        # Add the prefix notation to the end of our string
+        prefix += ".*"
+
+        return self._get_operator(">=")(prospective, spec) and self._get_operator("==")(
+            prospective, prefix
+        )
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+
+        # We need special logic to handle prefix matching
+        if spec.endswith(".*"):
+            # In the case of prefix matching we want to ignore local segment.
+            prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+            # Split the spec out by dots, and pretend that there is an implicit
+            # dot in between a release segment and a pre-release segment.
+            split_spec = _version_split(spec[:-2])  # Remove the trailing .*
+
+            # Split the prospective version out by dots, and pretend that there
+            # is an implicit dot in between a release segment and a pre-release
+            # segment.
+            split_prospective = _version_split(str(prospective))
+
+            # Shorten the prospective version to be the same length as the spec
+            # so that we can determine if the specifier is a prefix of the
+            # prospective version or not.
+            shortened_prospective = split_prospective[: len(split_spec)]
+
+            # Pad out our two sides with zeros so that they both equal the same
+            # length.
+            padded_spec, padded_prospective = _pad_version(
+                split_spec, shortened_prospective
+            )
+
+            return padded_prospective == padded_spec
+        else:
+            # Convert our spec string into a Version
+            spec_version = Version(spec)
+
+            # If the specifier does not have a local segment, then we want to
+            # act as if the prospective version also does not have a local
+            # segment.
+            if not spec_version.local:
+                prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+
+            return prospective == spec_version
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return not self._compare_equal(prospective, spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+
+        # NB: Local version identifiers are NOT permitted in the version
+        # specifier, so local version labels can be universally removed from
+        # the prospective version.
+        return Version(prospective.public) <= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(
+        self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str
+    ) -> bool:
+
+        # NB: Local version identifiers are NOT permitted in the version
+        # specifier, so local version labels can be universally removed from
+        # the prospective version.
+        return Version(prospective.public) >= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec_str: str) -> bool:
+
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec_str)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is less than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective < spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a pre-release version, that we do not accept pre-release
+        # versions for the version mentioned in the specifier (e.g. <3.1 should
+        # not match 3.1.dev0, but should match 3.0.dev0).
+        if not spec.is_prerelease and prospective.is_prerelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # less than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the same
+        # version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec_str: str) -> bool:
+
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec_str)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is greater than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective > spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a post-release version, that we do not accept
+        # post-release versions for the version mentioned in the specifier
+        # (e.g. >3.1 should not match 3.0.post0, but should match 3.2.post0).
+        if not spec.is_postrelease and prospective.is_postrelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # Ensure that we do not allow a local version of the version mentioned
+        # in the specifier, which is technically greater than, to match.
+        if prospective.local is not None:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # greater than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the
+        # same version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    def _compare_arbitrary(self, prospective: Version, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return str(prospective).lower() == str(spec).lower()
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self) -> bool:
+
+        # If there is an explicit prereleases set for this, then we'll just
+        # blindly use that.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # Look at all of our specifiers and determine if they are inclusive
+        # operators, and if they are if they are including an explicit
+        # prerelease.
+        operator, version = self._spec
+        if operator in ["==", ">=", "<=", "~=", "==="]:
+            # The == specifier can include a trailing .*, if it does we
+            # want to remove before parsing.
+            if operator == "==" and version.endswith(".*"):
+                version = version[:-2]
+
+            # Parse the version, and if it is a pre-release than this
+            # specifier allows pre-releases.
+            if parse(version).is_prerelease:
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+
+_prefix_regex = re.compile(r"^([0-9]+)((?:a|b|c|rc)[0-9]+)$")
+
+
+def _version_split(version: str) -> List[str]:
+    result: List[str] = []
+    for item in version.split("."):
+        match = _prefix_regex.search(item)
+        if match:
+            result.extend(match.groups())
+        else:
+            result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+def _is_not_suffix(segment: str) -> bool:
+    return not any(
+        segment.startswith(prefix) for prefix in ("dev", "a", "b", "rc", "post")
+    )
+
+
+def _pad_version(left: List[str], right: List[str]) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str]]:
+    left_split, right_split = [], []
+
+    # Get the release segment of our versions
+    left_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), left)))
+    right_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), right)))
+
+    # Get the rest of our versions
+    left_split.append(left[len(left_split[0]) :])
+    right_split.append(right[len(right_split[0]) :])
+
+    # Insert our padding
+    left_split.insert(1, ["0"] * max(0, len(right_split[0]) - len(left_split[0])))
+    right_split.insert(1, ["0"] * max(0, len(left_split[0]) - len(right_split[0])))
+
+    return (list(itertools.chain(*left_split)), list(itertools.chain(*right_split)))
+
+
+class SpecifierSet(BaseSpecifier):
+    def __init__(
+        self, specifiers: str = "", prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> None:
+
+        # Split on , to break each individual specifier into it's own item, and
+        # strip each item to remove leading/trailing whitespace.
+        split_specifiers = [s.strip() for s in specifiers.split(",") if s.strip()]
+
+        # Parsed each individual specifier, attempting first to make it a
+        # Specifier and falling back to a LegacySpecifier.
+        parsed: Set[_IndividualSpecifier] = set()
+        for specifier in split_specifiers:
+            try:
+                parsed.add(Specifier(specifier))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                parsed.add(LegacySpecifier(specifier))
+
+        # Turn our parsed specifiers into a frozen set and save them for later.
+        self._specs = frozenset(parsed)
+
+        # Store our prereleases value so we can use it later to determine if
+        # we accept prereleases or not.
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        pre = (
+            f", prereleases={self.prereleases!r}"
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return f"<SpecifierSet({str(self)!r}{pre})>"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return ",".join(sorted(str(s) for s in self._specs))
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._specs)
+
+    def __and__(self, other: Union["SpecifierSet", str]) -> "SpecifierSet":
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            other = SpecifierSet(other)
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        specifier = SpecifierSet()
+        specifier._specs = frozenset(self._specs | other._specs)
+
+        if self._prereleases is None and other._prereleases is not None:
+            specifier._prereleases = other._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases is not None and other._prereleases is None:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases == other._prereleases:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Cannot combine SpecifierSets with True and False prerelease "
+                "overrides."
+            )
+
+        return specifier
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, (str, _IndividualSpecifier)):
+            other = SpecifierSet(str(other))
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._specs == other._specs
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._specs)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[_IndividualSpecifier]:
+        return iter(self._specs)
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+
+        # If we have been given an explicit prerelease modifier, then we'll
+        # pass that through here.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # If we don't have any specifiers, and we don't have a forced value,
+        # then we'll just return None since we don't know if this should have
+        # pre-releases or not.
+        if not self._specs:
+            return None
+
+        # Otherwise we'll see if any of the given specifiers accept
+        # prereleases, if any of them do we'll return True, otherwise False.
+        return any(s.prereleases for s in self._specs)
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item: UnparsedVersion) -> bool:
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(
+        self, item: UnparsedVersion, prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+
+        # Ensure that our item is a Version or LegacyVersion instance.
+        if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            item = parse(item)
+
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # We can determine if we're going to allow pre-releases by looking to
+        # see if any of the underlying items supports them. If none of them do
+        # and this item is a pre-release then we do not allow it and we can
+        # short circuit that here.
+        # Note: This means that 1.0.dev1 would not be contained in something
+        #       like >=1.0.devabc however it would be in >=1.0.debabc,>0.0.dev0
+        if not prereleases and item.is_prerelease:
+            return False
+
+        # We simply dispatch to the underlying specs here to make sure that the
+        # given version is contained within all of them.
+        # Note: This use of all() here means that an empty set of specifiers
+        #       will always return True, this is an explicit design decision.
+        return all(s.contains(item, prereleases=prereleases) for s in self._specs)
+
+    def filter(
+        self, iterable: Iterable[VersionTypeVar], prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[VersionTypeVar]:
+
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # If we have any specifiers, then we want to wrap our iterable in the
+        # filter method for each one, this will act as a logical AND amongst
+        # each specifier.
+        if self._specs:
+            for spec in self._specs:
+                iterable = spec.filter(iterable, prereleases=bool(prereleases))
+            return iterable
+        # If we do not have any specifiers, then we need to have a rough filter
+        # which will filter out any pre-releases, unless there are no final
+        # releases, and which will filter out LegacyVersion in general.
+        else:
+            filtered: List[VersionTypeVar] = []
+            found_prereleases: List[VersionTypeVar] = []
+
+            item: UnparsedVersion
+            parsed_version: Union[Version, LegacyVersion]
+
+            for item in iterable:
+                # Ensure that we some kind of Version class for this item.
+                if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+                    parsed_version = parse(item)
+                else:
+                    parsed_version = item
+
+                # Filter out any item which is parsed as a LegacyVersion
+                if isinstance(parsed_version, LegacyVersion):
+                    continue
+
+                # Store any item which is a pre-release for later unless we've
+                # already found a final version or we are accepting prereleases
+                if parsed_version.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+                    if not filtered:
+                        found_prereleases.append(item)
+                else:
+                    filtered.append(item)
+
+            # If we've found no items except for pre-releases, then we'll go
+            # ahead and use the pre-releases
+            if not filtered and found_prereleases and prereleases is None:
+                return found_prereleases
+
+            return filtered
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/tags.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/tags.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a3d25a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/tags.py
@@ -0,0 +1,487 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import logging
+import platform
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+from importlib.machinery import EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+from typing import (
+    Dict,
+    FrozenSet,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from . import _manylinux, _musllinux
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+PythonVersion = Sequence[int]
+MacVersion = Tuple[int, int]
+
+INTERPRETER_SHORT_NAMES: Dict[str, str] = {
+    "python": "py",  # Generic.
+    "cpython": "cp",
+    "pypy": "pp",
+    "ironpython": "ip",
+    "jython": "jy",
+}
+
+
+_32_BIT_INTERPRETER = sys.maxsize <= 2 ** 32
+
+
+class Tag:
+    """
+    A representation of the tag triple for a wheel.
+
+    Instances are considered immutable and thus are hashable. Equality checking
+    is also supported.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["_interpreter", "_abi", "_platform", "_hash"]
+
+    def __init__(self, interpreter: str, abi: str, platform: str) -> None:
+        self._interpreter = interpreter.lower()
+        self._abi = abi.lower()
+        self._platform = platform.lower()
+        # The __hash__ of every single element in a Set[Tag] will be evaluated each time
+        # that a set calls its `.disjoint()` method, which may be called hundreds of
+        # times when scanning a page of links for packages with tags matching that
+        # Set[Tag]. Pre-computing the value here produces significant speedups for
+        # downstream consumers.
+        self._hash = hash((self._interpreter, self._abi, self._platform))
+
+    @property
+    def interpreter(self) -> str:
+        return self._interpreter
+
+    @property
+    def abi(self) -> str:
+        return self._abi
+
+    @property
+    def platform(self) -> str:
+        return self._platform
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, Tag):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return (
+            (self._hash == other._hash)  # Short-circuit ASAP for perf reasons.
+            and (self._platform == other._platform)
+            and (self._abi == other._abi)
+            and (self._interpreter == other._interpreter)
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return self._hash
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self._interpreter}-{self._abi}-{self._platform}"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self} @ {id(self)}>"
+
+
+def parse_tag(tag: str) -> FrozenSet[Tag]:
+    """
+    Parses the provided tag (e.g. `py3-none-any`) into a frozenset of Tag instances.
+
+    Returning a set is required due to the possibility that the tag is a
+    compressed tag set.
+    """
+    tags = set()
+    interpreters, abis, platforms = tag.split("-")
+    for interpreter in interpreters.split("."):
+        for abi in abis.split("."):
+            for platform_ in platforms.split("."):
+                tags.add(Tag(interpreter, abi, platform_))
+    return frozenset(tags)
+
+
+def _get_config_var(name: str, warn: bool = False) -> Union[int, str, None]:
+    value = sysconfig.get_config_var(name)
+    if value is None and warn:
+        logger.debug(
+            "Config variable '%s' is unset, Python ABI tag may be incorrect", name
+        )
+    return value
+
+
+def _normalize_string(string: str) -> str:
+    return string.replace(".", "_").replace("-", "_")
+
+
+def _abi3_applies(python_version: PythonVersion) -> bool:
+    """
+    Determine if the Python version supports abi3.
+
+    PEP 384 was first implemented in Python 3.2.
+    """
+    return len(python_version) > 1 and tuple(python_version) >= (3, 2)
+
+
+def _cpython_abis(py_version: PythonVersion, warn: bool = False) -> List[str]:
+    py_version = tuple(py_version)  # To allow for version comparison.
+    abis = []
+    version = _version_nodot(py_version[:2])
+    debug = pymalloc = ucs4 = ""
+    with_debug = _get_config_var("Py_DEBUG", warn)
+    has_refcount = hasattr(sys, "gettotalrefcount")
+    # Windows doesn't set Py_DEBUG, so checking for support of debug-compiled
+    # extension modules is the best option.
+    # https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/3383#issuecomment-173267692
+    has_ext = "_d.pyd" in EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+    if with_debug or (with_debug is None and (has_refcount or has_ext)):
+        debug = "d"
+    if py_version < (3, 8):
+        with_pymalloc = _get_config_var("WITH_PYMALLOC", warn)
+        if with_pymalloc or with_pymalloc is None:
+            pymalloc = "m"
+        if py_version < (3, 3):
+            unicode_size = _get_config_var("Py_UNICODE_SIZE", warn)
+            if unicode_size == 4 or (
+                unicode_size is None and sys.maxunicode == 0x10FFFF
+            ):
+                ucs4 = "u"
+    elif debug:
+        # Debug builds can also load "normal" extension modules.
+        # We can also assume no UCS-4 or pymalloc requirement.
+        abis.append(f"cp{version}")
+    abis.insert(
+        0,
+        "cp{version}{debug}{pymalloc}{ucs4}".format(
+            version=version, debug=debug, pymalloc=pymalloc, ucs4=ucs4
+        ),
+    )
+    return abis
+
+
+def cpython_tags(
+    python_version: Optional[PythonVersion] = None,
+    abis: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    *,
+    warn: bool = False,
+) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Yields the tags for a CPython interpreter.
+
+    The tags consist of:
+    - cp<python_version>-<abi>-<platform>
+    - cp<python_version>-abi3-<platform>
+    - cp<python_version>-none-<platform>
+    - cp<less than python_version>-abi3-<platform>  # Older Python versions down to 3.2.
+
+    If python_version only specifies a major version then user-provided ABIs and
+    the 'none' ABItag will be used.
+
+    If 'abi3' or 'none' are specified in 'abis' then they will be yielded at
+    their normal position and not at the beginning.
+    """
+    if not python_version:
+        python_version = sys.version_info[:2]
+
+    interpreter = f"cp{_version_nodot(python_version[:2])}"
+
+    if abis is None:
+        if len(python_version) > 1:
+            abis = _cpython_abis(python_version, warn)
+        else:
+            abis = []
+    abis = list(abis)
+    # 'abi3' and 'none' are explicitly handled later.
+    for explicit_abi in ("abi3", "none"):
+        try:
+            abis.remove(explicit_abi)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+
+    platforms = list(platforms or platform_tags())
+    for abi in abis:
+        for platform_ in platforms:
+            yield Tag(interpreter, abi, platform_)
+    if _abi3_applies(python_version):
+        yield from (Tag(interpreter, "abi3", platform_) for platform_ in platforms)
+    yield from (Tag(interpreter, "none", platform_) for platform_ in platforms)
+
+    if _abi3_applies(python_version):
+        for minor_version in range(python_version[1] - 1, 1, -1):
+            for platform_ in platforms:
+                interpreter = "cp{version}".format(
+                    version=_version_nodot((python_version[0], minor_version))
+                )
+                yield Tag(interpreter, "abi3", platform_)
+
+
+def _generic_abi() -> Iterator[str]:
+    abi = sysconfig.get_config_var("SOABI")
+    if abi:
+        yield _normalize_string(abi)
+
+
+def generic_tags(
+    interpreter: Optional[str] = None,
+    abis: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    *,
+    warn: bool = False,
+) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Yields the tags for a generic interpreter.
+
+    The tags consist of:
+    - <interpreter>-<abi>-<platform>
+
+    The "none" ABI will be added if it was not explicitly provided.
+    """
+    if not interpreter:
+        interp_name = interpreter_name()
+        interp_version = interpreter_version(warn=warn)
+        interpreter = "".join([interp_name, interp_version])
+    if abis is None:
+        abis = _generic_abi()
+    platforms = list(platforms or platform_tags())
+    abis = list(abis)
+    if "none" not in abis:
+        abis.append("none")
+    for abi in abis:
+        for platform_ in platforms:
+            yield Tag(interpreter, abi, platform_)
+
+
+def _py_interpreter_range(py_version: PythonVersion) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Yields Python versions in descending order.
+
+    After the latest version, the major-only version will be yielded, and then
+    all previous versions of that major version.
+    """
+    if len(py_version) > 1:
+        yield f"py{_version_nodot(py_version[:2])}"
+    yield f"py{py_version[0]}"
+    if len(py_version) > 1:
+        for minor in range(py_version[1] - 1, -1, -1):
+            yield f"py{_version_nodot((py_version[0], minor))}"
+
+
+def compatible_tags(
+    python_version: Optional[PythonVersion] = None,
+    interpreter: Optional[str] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Yields the sequence of tags that are compatible with a specific version of Python.
+
+    The tags consist of:
+    - py*-none-<platform>
+    - <interpreter>-none-any  # ... if `interpreter` is provided.
+    - py*-none-any
+    """
+    if not python_version:
+        python_version = sys.version_info[:2]
+    platforms = list(platforms or platform_tags())
+    for version in _py_interpreter_range(python_version):
+        for platform_ in platforms:
+            yield Tag(version, "none", platform_)
+    if interpreter:
+        yield Tag(interpreter, "none", "any")
+    for version in _py_interpreter_range(python_version):
+        yield Tag(version, "none", "any")
+
+
+def _mac_arch(arch: str, is_32bit: bool = _32_BIT_INTERPRETER) -> str:
+    if not is_32bit:
+        return arch
+
+    if arch.startswith("ppc"):
+        return "ppc"
+
+    return "i386"
+
+
+def _mac_binary_formats(version: MacVersion, cpu_arch: str) -> List[str]:
+    formats = [cpu_arch]
+    if cpu_arch == "x86_64":
+        if version < (10, 4):
+            return []
+        formats.extend(["intel", "fat64", "fat32"])
+
+    elif cpu_arch == "i386":
+        if version < (10, 4):
+            return []
+        formats.extend(["intel", "fat32", "fat"])
+
+    elif cpu_arch == "ppc64":
+        # TODO: Need to care about 32-bit PPC for ppc64 through 10.2?
+        if version > (10, 5) or version < (10, 4):
+            return []
+        formats.append("fat64")
+
+    elif cpu_arch == "ppc":
+        if version > (10, 6):
+            return []
+        formats.extend(["fat32", "fat"])
+
+    if cpu_arch in {"arm64", "x86_64"}:
+        formats.append("universal2")
+
+    if cpu_arch in {"x86_64", "i386", "ppc64", "ppc", "intel"}:
+        formats.append("universal")
+
+    return formats
+
+
+def mac_platforms(
+    version: Optional[MacVersion] = None, arch: Optional[str] = None
+) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Yields the platform tags for a macOS system.
+
+    The `version` parameter is a two-item tuple specifying the macOS version to
+    generate platform tags for. The `arch` parameter is the CPU architecture to
+    generate platform tags for. Both parameters default to the appropriate value
+    for the current system.
+    """
+    version_str, _, cpu_arch = platform.mac_ver()
+    if version is None:
+        version = cast("MacVersion", tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2])))
+    else:
+        version = version
+    if arch is None:
+        arch = _mac_arch(cpu_arch)
+    else:
+        arch = arch
+
+    if (10, 0) <= version and version < (11, 0):
+        # Prior to Mac OS 11, each yearly release of Mac OS bumped the
+        # "minor" version number.  The major version was always 10.
+        for minor_version in range(version[1], -1, -1):
+            compat_version = 10, minor_version
+            binary_formats = _mac_binary_formats(compat_version, arch)
+            for binary_format in binary_formats:
+                yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                    major=10, minor=minor_version, binary_format=binary_format
+                )
+
+    if version >= (11, 0):
+        # Starting with Mac OS 11, each yearly release bumps the major version
+        # number.   The minor versions are now the midyear updates.
+        for major_version in range(version[0], 10, -1):
+            compat_version = major_version, 0
+            binary_formats = _mac_binary_formats(compat_version, arch)
+            for binary_format in binary_formats:
+                yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                    major=major_version, minor=0, binary_format=binary_format
+                )
+
+    if version >= (11, 0):
+        # Mac OS 11 on x86_64 is compatible with binaries from previous releases.
+        # Arm64 support was introduced in 11.0, so no Arm binaries from previous
+        # releases exist.
+        #
+        # However, the "universal2" binary format can have a
+        # macOS version earlier than 11.0 when the x86_64 part of the binary supports
+        # that version of macOS.
+        if arch == "x86_64":
+            for minor_version in range(16, 3, -1):
+                compat_version = 10, minor_version
+                binary_formats = _mac_binary_formats(compat_version, arch)
+                for binary_format in binary_formats:
+                    yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                        major=compat_version[0],
+                        minor=compat_version[1],
+                        binary_format=binary_format,
+                    )
+        else:
+            for minor_version in range(16, 3, -1):
+                compat_version = 10, minor_version
+                binary_format = "universal2"
+                yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                    major=compat_version[0],
+                    minor=compat_version[1],
+                    binary_format=binary_format,
+                )
+
+
+def _linux_platforms(is_32bit: bool = _32_BIT_INTERPRETER) -> Iterator[str]:
+    linux = _normalize_string(sysconfig.get_platform())
+    if is_32bit:
+        if linux == "linux_x86_64":
+            linux = "linux_i686"
+        elif linux == "linux_aarch64":
+            linux = "linux_armv7l"
+    _, arch = linux.split("_", 1)
+    yield from _manylinux.platform_tags(linux, arch)
+    yield from _musllinux.platform_tags(arch)
+    yield linux
+
+
+def _generic_platforms() -> Iterator[str]:
+    yield _normalize_string(sysconfig.get_platform())
+
+
+def platform_tags() -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Provides the platform tags for this installation.
+    """
+    if platform.system() == "Darwin":
+        return mac_platforms()
+    elif platform.system() == "Linux":
+        return _linux_platforms()
+    else:
+        return _generic_platforms()
+
+
+def interpreter_name() -> str:
+    """
+    Returns the name of the running interpreter.
+    """
+    name = sys.implementation.name
+    return INTERPRETER_SHORT_NAMES.get(name) or name
+
+
+def interpreter_version(*, warn: bool = False) -> str:
+    """
+    Returns the version of the running interpreter.
+    """
+    version = _get_config_var("py_version_nodot", warn=warn)
+    if version:
+        version = str(version)
+    else:
+        version = _version_nodot(sys.version_info[:2])
+    return version
+
+
+def _version_nodot(version: PythonVersion) -> str:
+    return "".join(map(str, version))
+
+
+def sys_tags(*, warn: bool = False) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Returns the sequence of tag triples for the running interpreter.
+
+    The order of the sequence corresponds to priority order for the
+    interpreter, from most to least important.
+    """
+
+    interp_name = interpreter_name()
+    if interp_name == "cp":
+        yield from cpython_tags(warn=warn)
+    else:
+        yield from generic_tags()
+
+    if interp_name == "pp":
+        yield from compatible_tags(interpreter="pp3")
+    else:
+        yield from compatible_tags()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bab11b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import re
+from typing import FrozenSet, NewType, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+from .tags import Tag, parse_tag
+from .version import InvalidVersion, Version
+
+BuildTag = Union[Tuple[()], Tuple[int, str]]
+NormalizedName = NewType("NormalizedName", str)
+
+
+class InvalidWheelFilename(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid wheel filename was found, users should refer to PEP 427.
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidSdistFilename(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid sdist filename was found, users should refer to the packaging user guide.
+    """
+
+
+_canonicalize_regex = re.compile(r"[-_.]+")
+# PEP 427: The build number must start with a digit.
+_build_tag_regex = re.compile(r"(\d+)(.*)")
+
+
+def canonicalize_name(name: str) -> NormalizedName:
+    # This is taken from PEP 503.
+    value = _canonicalize_regex.sub("-", name).lower()
+    return cast(NormalizedName, value)
+
+
+def canonicalize_version(version: Union[Version, str]) -> str:
+    """
+    This is very similar to Version.__str__, but has one subtle difference
+    with the way it handles the release segment.
+    """
+    if isinstance(version, str):
+        try:
+            parsed = Version(version)
+        except InvalidVersion:
+            # Legacy versions cannot be normalized
+            return version
+    else:
+        parsed = version
+
+    parts = []
+
+    # Epoch
+    if parsed.epoch != 0:
+        parts.append(f"{parsed.epoch}!")
+
+    # Release segment
+    # NB: This strips trailing '.0's to normalize
+    parts.append(re.sub(r"(\.0)+$", "", ".".join(str(x) for x in parsed.release)))
+
+    # Pre-release
+    if parsed.pre is not None:
+        parts.append("".join(str(x) for x in parsed.pre))
+
+    # Post-release
+    if parsed.post is not None:
+        parts.append(f".post{parsed.post}")
+
+    # Development release
+    if parsed.dev is not None:
+        parts.append(f".dev{parsed.dev}")
+
+    # Local version segment
+    if parsed.local is not None:
+        parts.append(f"+{parsed.local}")
+
+    return "".join(parts)
+
+
+def parse_wheel_filename(
+    filename: str,
+) -> Tuple[NormalizedName, Version, BuildTag, FrozenSet[Tag]]:
+    if not filename.endswith(".whl"):
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+            f"Invalid wheel filename (extension must be '.whl'): {filename}"
+        )
+
+    filename = filename[:-4]
+    dashes = filename.count("-")
+    if dashes not in (4, 5):
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+            f"Invalid wheel filename (wrong number of parts): {filename}"
+        )
+
+    parts = filename.split("-", dashes - 2)
+    name_part = parts[0]
+    # See PEP 427 for the rules on escaping the project name
+    if "__" in name_part or re.match(r"^[\w\d._]*$", name_part, re.UNICODE) is None:
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(f"Invalid project name: {filename}")
+    name = canonicalize_name(name_part)
+    version = Version(parts[1])
+    if dashes == 5:
+        build_part = parts[2]
+        build_match = _build_tag_regex.match(build_part)
+        if build_match is None:
+            raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+                f"Invalid build number: {build_part} in '{filename}'"
+            )
+        build = cast(BuildTag, (int(build_match.group(1)), build_match.group(2)))
+    else:
+        build = ()
+    tags = parse_tag(parts[-1])
+    return (name, version, build, tags)
+
+
+def parse_sdist_filename(filename: str) -> Tuple[NormalizedName, Version]:
+    if filename.endswith(".tar.gz"):
+        file_stem = filename[: -len(".tar.gz")]
+    elif filename.endswith(".zip"):
+        file_stem = filename[: -len(".zip")]
+    else:
+        raise InvalidSdistFilename(
+            f"Invalid sdist filename (extension must be '.tar.gz' or '.zip'):"
+            f" {filename}"
+        )
+
+    # We are requiring a PEP 440 version, which cannot contain dashes,
+    # so we split on the last dash.
+    name_part, sep, version_part = file_stem.rpartition("-")
+    if not sep:
+        raise InvalidSdistFilename(f"Invalid sdist filename: {filename}")
+
+    name = canonicalize_name(name_part)
+    version = Version(version_part)
+    return (name, version)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de9a09a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/packaging/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import collections
+import itertools
+import re
+import warnings
+from typing import Callable, Iterator, List, Optional, SupportsInt, Tuple, Union
+
+from ._structures import Infinity, InfinityType, NegativeInfinity, NegativeInfinityType
+
+__all__ = ["parse", "Version", "LegacyVersion", "InvalidVersion", "VERSION_PATTERN"]
+
+InfiniteTypes = Union[InfinityType, NegativeInfinityType]
+PrePostDevType = Union[InfiniteTypes, Tuple[str, int]]
+SubLocalType = Union[InfiniteTypes, int, str]
+LocalType = Union[
+    NegativeInfinityType,
+    Tuple[
+        Union[
+            SubLocalType,
+            Tuple[SubLocalType, str],
+            Tuple[NegativeInfinityType, SubLocalType],
+        ],
+        ...,
+    ],
+]
+CmpKey = Tuple[
+    int, Tuple[int, ...], PrePostDevType, PrePostDevType, PrePostDevType, LocalType
+]
+LegacyCmpKey = Tuple[int, Tuple[str, ...]]
+VersionComparisonMethod = Callable[
+    [Union[CmpKey, LegacyCmpKey], Union[CmpKey, LegacyCmpKey]], bool
+]
+
+_Version = collections.namedtuple(
+    "_Version", ["epoch", "release", "dev", "pre", "post", "local"]
+)
+
+
+def parse(version: str) -> Union["LegacyVersion", "Version"]:
+    """
+    Parse the given version string and return either a :class:`Version` object
+    or a :class:`LegacyVersion` object depending on if the given version is
+    a valid PEP 440 version or a legacy version.
+    """
+    try:
+        return Version(version)
+    except InvalidVersion:
+        return LegacyVersion(version)
+
+
+class InvalidVersion(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid version was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class _BaseVersion:
+    _key: Union[CmpKey, LegacyCmpKey]
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._key)
+
+    # Please keep the duplicated `isinstance` check
+    # in the six comparisons hereunder
+    # unless you find a way to avoid adding overhead function calls.
+    def __lt__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key < other._key
+
+    def __le__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key <= other._key
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key == other._key
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key >= other._key
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key > other._key
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key != other._key
+
+
+class LegacyVersion(_BaseVersion):
+    def __init__(self, version: str) -> None:
+        self._version = str(version)
+        self._key = _legacy_cmpkey(self._version)
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Creating a LegacyVersion has been deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in the next major release",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self._version
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<LegacyVersion('{self}')>"
+
+    @property
+    def public(self) -> str:
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self) -> str:
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def epoch(self) -> int:
+        return -1
+
+    @property
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def pre(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def post(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def dev(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def local(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_devrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+
+_legacy_version_component_re = re.compile(r"(\d+ | [a-z]+ | \.| -)", re.VERBOSE)
+
+_legacy_version_replacement_map = {
+    "pre": "c",
+    "preview": "c",
+    "-": "final-",
+    "rc": "c",
+    "dev": "@",
+}
+
+
+def _parse_version_parts(s: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    for part in _legacy_version_component_re.split(s):
+        part = _legacy_version_replacement_map.get(part, part)
+
+        if not part or part == ".":
+            continue
+
+        if part[:1] in "0123456789":
+            # pad for numeric comparison
+            yield part.zfill(8)
+        else:
+            yield "*" + part
+
+    # ensure that alpha/beta/candidate are before final
+    yield "*final"
+
+
+def _legacy_cmpkey(version: str) -> LegacyCmpKey:
+
+    # We hardcode an epoch of -1 here. A PEP 440 version can only have a epoch
+    # greater than or equal to 0. This will effectively put the LegacyVersion,
+    # which uses the defacto standard originally implemented by setuptools,
+    # as before all PEP 440 versions.
+    epoch = -1
+
+    # This scheme is taken from pkg_resources.parse_version setuptools prior to
+    # it's adoption of the packaging library.
+    parts: List[str] = []
+    for part in _parse_version_parts(version.lower()):
+        if part.startswith("*"):
+            # remove "-" before a prerelease tag
+            if part < "*final":
+                while parts and parts[-1] == "*final-":
+                    parts.pop()
+
+            # remove trailing zeros from each series of numeric parts
+            while parts and parts[-1] == "00000000":
+                parts.pop()
+
+        parts.append(part)
+
+    return epoch, tuple(parts)
+
+
+# Deliberately not anchored to the start and end of the string, to make it
+# easier for 3rd party code to reuse
+VERSION_PATTERN = r"""
+    v?
+    (?:
+        (?:(?P<epoch>[0-9]+)!)?                           # epoch
+        (?P<release>[0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*)                  # release segment
+        (?P<pre>                                          # pre-release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_l>(a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview))
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+        (?P<post>                                         # post release
+            (?:-(?P<post_n1>[0-9]+))
+            |
+            (?:
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_l>post|rev|r)
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_n2>[0-9]+)?
+            )
+        )?
+        (?P<dev>                                          # dev release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_l>dev)
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+    )
+    (?:\+(?P<local>[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*))?       # local version
+"""
+
+
+class Version(_BaseVersion):
+
+    _regex = re.compile(r"^\s*" + VERSION_PATTERN + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    def __init__(self, version: str) -> None:
+
+        # Validate the version and parse it into pieces
+        match = self._regex.search(version)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidVersion(f"Invalid version: '{version}'")
+
+        # Store the parsed out pieces of the version
+        self._version = _Version(
+            epoch=int(match.group("epoch")) if match.group("epoch") else 0,
+            release=tuple(int(i) for i in match.group("release").split(".")),
+            pre=_parse_letter_version(match.group("pre_l"), match.group("pre_n")),
+            post=_parse_letter_version(
+                match.group("post_l"), match.group("post_n1") or match.group("post_n2")
+            ),
+            dev=_parse_letter_version(match.group("dev_l"), match.group("dev_n")),
+            local=_parse_local_version(match.group("local")),
+        )
+
+        # Generate a key which will be used for sorting
+        self._key = _cmpkey(
+            self._version.epoch,
+            self._version.release,
+            self._version.pre,
+            self._version.post,
+            self._version.dev,
+            self._version.local,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Version('{self}')>"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append(f"{self.epoch}!")
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self.release))
+
+        # Pre-release
+        if self.pre is not None:
+            parts.append("".join(str(x) for x in self.pre))
+
+        # Post-release
+        if self.post is not None:
+            parts.append(f".post{self.post}")
+
+        # Development release
+        if self.dev is not None:
+            parts.append(f".dev{self.dev}")
+
+        # Local version segment
+        if self.local is not None:
+            parts.append(f"+{self.local}")
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def epoch(self) -> int:
+        _epoch: int = self._version.epoch
+        return _epoch
+
+    @property
+    def release(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+        _release: Tuple[int, ...] = self._version.release
+        return _release
+
+    @property
+    def pre(self) -> Optional[Tuple[str, int]]:
+        _pre: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = self._version.pre
+        return _pre
+
+    @property
+    def post(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        return self._version.post[1] if self._version.post else None
+
+    @property
+    def dev(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        return self._version.dev[1] if self._version.dev else None
+
+    @property
+    def local(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        if self._version.local:
+            return ".".join(str(x) for x in self._version.local)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def public(self) -> str:
+        return str(self).split("+", 1)[0]
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self) -> str:
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append(f"{self.epoch}!")
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self.release))
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self) -> bool:
+        return self.dev is not None or self.pre is not None
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return self.post is not None
+
+    @property
+    def is_devrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return self.dev is not None
+
+    @property
+    def major(self) -> int:
+        return self.release[0] if len(self.release) >= 1 else 0
+
+    @property
+    def minor(self) -> int:
+        return self.release[1] if len(self.release) >= 2 else 0
+
+    @property
+    def micro(self) -> int:
+        return self.release[2] if len(self.release) >= 3 else 0
+
+
+def _parse_letter_version(
+    letter: str, number: Union[str, bytes, SupportsInt]
+) -> Optional[Tuple[str, int]]:
+
+    if letter:
+        # We consider there to be an implicit 0 in a pre-release if there is
+        # not a numeral associated with it.
+        if number is None:
+            number = 0
+
+        # We normalize any letters to their lower case form
+        letter = letter.lower()
+
+        # We consider some words to be alternate spellings of other words and
+        # in those cases we want to normalize the spellings to our preferred
+        # spelling.
+        if letter == "alpha":
+            letter = "a"
+        elif letter == "beta":
+            letter = "b"
+        elif letter in ["c", "pre", "preview"]:
+            letter = "rc"
+        elif letter in ["rev", "r"]:
+            letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+    if not letter and number:
+        # We assume if we are given a number, but we are not given a letter
+        # then this is using the implicit post release syntax (e.g. 1.0-1)
+        letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+
+    return None
+
+
+_local_version_separators = re.compile(r"[\._-]")
+
+
+def _parse_local_version(local: str) -> Optional[LocalType]:
+    """
+    Takes a string like abc.1.twelve and turns it into ("abc", 1, "twelve").
+    """
+    if local is not None:
+        return tuple(
+            part.lower() if not part.isdigit() else int(part)
+            for part in _local_version_separators.split(local)
+        )
+    return None
+
+
+def _cmpkey(
+    epoch: int,
+    release: Tuple[int, ...],
+    pre: Optional[Tuple[str, int]],
+    post: Optional[Tuple[str, int]],
+    dev: Optional[Tuple[str, int]],
+    local: Optional[Tuple[SubLocalType]],
+) -> CmpKey:
+
+    # When we compare a release version, we want to compare it with all of the
+    # trailing zeros removed. So we'll use a reverse the list, drop all the now
+    # leading zeros until we come to something non zero, then take the rest
+    # re-reverse it back into the correct order and make it a tuple and use
+    # that for our sorting key.
+    _release = tuple(
+        reversed(list(itertools.dropwhile(lambda x: x == 0, reversed(release))))
+    )
+
+    # We need to "trick" the sorting algorithm to put 1.0.dev0 before 1.0a0.
+    # We'll do this by abusing the pre segment, but we _only_ want to do this
+    # if there is not a pre or a post segment. If we have one of those then
+    # the normal sorting rules will handle this case correctly.
+    if pre is None and post is None and dev is not None:
+        _pre: PrePostDevType = NegativeInfinity
+    # Versions without a pre-release (except as noted above) should sort after
+    # those with one.
+    elif pre is None:
+        _pre = Infinity
+    else:
+        _pre = pre
+
+    # Versions without a post segment should sort before those with one.
+    if post is None:
+        _post: PrePostDevType = NegativeInfinity
+
+    else:
+        _post = post
+
+    # Versions without a development segment should sort after those with one.
+    if dev is None:
+        _dev: PrePostDevType = Infinity
+
+    else:
+        _dev = dev
+
+    if local is None:
+        # Versions without a local segment should sort before those with one.
+        _local: LocalType = NegativeInfinity
+    else:
+        # Versions with a local segment need that segment parsed to implement
+        # the sorting rules in PEP440.
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort before numeric segments
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort lexicographically
+        # - Numeric segments sort numerically
+        # - Shorter versions sort before longer versions when the prefixes
+        #   match exactly
+        _local = tuple(
+            (i, "") if isinstance(i, int) else (NegativeInfinity, i) for i in local
+        )
+
+    return epoch, _release, _pre, _post, _dev, _local
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b6b885
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""Wrappers to build Python packages using PEP 517 hooks
+"""
+
+__version__ = '0.12.0'
+
+from .wrappers import *  # noqa: F401, F403
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/build.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/build.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc463b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/build.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+"""Build a project using PEP 517 hooks.
+"""
+import argparse
+import io
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+
+from .envbuild import BuildEnvironment
+from .wrappers import Pep517HookCaller
+from .dirtools import tempdir, mkdir_p
+from .compat import FileNotFoundError, toml_load
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def validate_system(system):
+    """
+    Ensure build system has the requisite fields.
+    """
+    required = {'requires', 'build-backend'}
+    if not (required <= set(system)):
+        message = "Missing required fields: {missing}".format(
+            missing=required-set(system),
+        )
+        raise ValueError(message)
+
+
+def load_system(source_dir):
+    """
+    Load the build system from a source dir (pyproject.toml).
+    """
+    pyproject = os.path.join(source_dir, 'pyproject.toml')
+    with io.open(pyproject, 'rb') as f:
+        pyproject_data = toml_load(f)
+    return pyproject_data['build-system']
+
+
+def compat_system(source_dir):
+    """
+    Given a source dir, attempt to get a build system backend
+    and requirements from pyproject.toml. Fallback to
+    setuptools but only if the file was not found or a build
+    system was not indicated.
+    """
+    try:
+        system = load_system(source_dir)
+    except (FileNotFoundError, KeyError):
+        system = {}
+    system.setdefault(
+        'build-backend',
+        'setuptools.build_meta:__legacy__',
+    )
+    system.setdefault('requires', ['setuptools', 'wheel'])
+    return system
+
+
+def _do_build(hooks, env, dist, dest):
+    get_requires_name = 'get_requires_for_build_{dist}'.format(**locals())
+    get_requires = getattr(hooks, get_requires_name)
+    reqs = get_requires({})
+    log.info('Got build requires: %s', reqs)
+
+    env.pip_install(reqs)
+    log.info('Installed dynamic build dependencies')
+
+    with tempdir() as td:
+        log.info('Trying to build %s in %s', dist, td)
+        build_name = 'build_{dist}'.format(**locals())
+        build = getattr(hooks, build_name)
+        filename = build(td, {})
+        source = os.path.join(td, filename)
+        shutil.move(source, os.path.join(dest, os.path.basename(filename)))
+
+
+def build(source_dir, dist, dest=None, system=None):
+    system = system or load_system(source_dir)
+    dest = os.path.join(source_dir, dest or 'dist')
+    mkdir_p(dest)
+
+    validate_system(system)
+    hooks = Pep517HookCaller(
+        source_dir, system['build-backend'], system.get('backend-path')
+    )
+
+    with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+        env.pip_install(system['requires'])
+        _do_build(hooks, env, dist, dest)
+
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+parser.add_argument(
+    'source_dir',
+    help="A directory containing pyproject.toml",
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    '--binary', '-b',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    '--source', '-s',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    '--out-dir', '-o',
+    help="Destination in which to save the builds relative to source dir",
+)
+
+
+def main(args):
+    log.warning('pep517.build is deprecated. '
+                'Consider switching to https://pypi.org/project/build/')
+
+    # determine which dists to build
+    dists = list(filter(None, (
+        'sdist' if args.source or not args.binary else None,
+        'wheel' if args.binary or not args.source else None,
+    )))
+
+    for dist in dists:
+        build(args.source_dir, dist, args.out_dir)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main(parser.parse_args())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/check.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/check.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf3c722
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/check.py
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+"""Check a project and backend by attempting to build using PEP 517 hooks.
+"""
+import argparse
+import io
+import logging
+import os
+from os.path import isfile, join as pjoin
+import shutil
+from subprocess import CalledProcessError
+import sys
+import tarfile
+from tempfile import mkdtemp
+import zipfile
+
+from .colorlog import enable_colourful_output
+from .compat import TOMLDecodeError, toml_load
+from .envbuild import BuildEnvironment
+from .wrappers import Pep517HookCaller
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def check_build_sdist(hooks, build_sys_requires):
+    with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+        try:
+            env.pip_install(build_sys_requires)
+            log.info('Installed static build dependencies')
+        except CalledProcessError:
+            log.error('Failed to install static build dependencies')
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            reqs = hooks.get_requires_for_build_sdist({})
+            log.info('Got build requires: %s', reqs)
+        except Exception:
+            log.error('Failure in get_requires_for_build_sdist', exc_info=True)
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            env.pip_install(reqs)
+            log.info('Installed dynamic build dependencies')
+        except CalledProcessError:
+            log.error('Failed to install dynamic build dependencies')
+            return False
+
+        td = mkdtemp()
+        log.info('Trying to build sdist in %s', td)
+        try:
+            try:
+                filename = hooks.build_sdist(td, {})
+                log.info('build_sdist returned %r', filename)
+            except Exception:
+                log.info('Failure in build_sdist', exc_info=True)
+                return False
+
+            if not filename.endswith('.tar.gz'):
+                log.error(
+                    "Filename %s doesn't have .tar.gz extension", filename)
+                return False
+
+            path = pjoin(td, filename)
+            if isfile(path):
+                log.info("Output file %s exists", path)
+            else:
+                log.error("Output file %s does not exist", path)
+                return False
+
+            if tarfile.is_tarfile(path):
+                log.info("Output file is a tar file")
+            else:
+                log.error("Output file is not a tar file")
+                return False
+
+        finally:
+            shutil.rmtree(td)
+
+        return True
+
+
+def check_build_wheel(hooks, build_sys_requires):
+    with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+        try:
+            env.pip_install(build_sys_requires)
+            log.info('Installed static build dependencies')
+        except CalledProcessError:
+            log.error('Failed to install static build dependencies')
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            reqs = hooks.get_requires_for_build_wheel({})
+            log.info('Got build requires: %s', reqs)
+        except Exception:
+            log.error('Failure in get_requires_for_build_sdist', exc_info=True)
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            env.pip_install(reqs)
+            log.info('Installed dynamic build dependencies')
+        except CalledProcessError:
+            log.error('Failed to install dynamic build dependencies')
+            return False
+
+        td = mkdtemp()
+        log.info('Trying to build wheel in %s', td)
+        try:
+            try:
+                filename = hooks.build_wheel(td, {})
+                log.info('build_wheel returned %r', filename)
+            except Exception:
+                log.info('Failure in build_wheel', exc_info=True)
+                return False
+
+            if not filename.endswith('.whl'):
+                log.error("Filename %s doesn't have .whl extension", filename)
+                return False
+
+            path = pjoin(td, filename)
+            if isfile(path):
+                log.info("Output file %s exists", path)
+            else:
+                log.error("Output file %s does not exist", path)
+                return False
+
+            if zipfile.is_zipfile(path):
+                log.info("Output file is a zip file")
+            else:
+                log.error("Output file is not a zip file")
+                return False
+
+        finally:
+            shutil.rmtree(td)
+
+        return True
+
+
+def check(source_dir):
+    pyproject = pjoin(source_dir, 'pyproject.toml')
+    if isfile(pyproject):
+        log.info('Found pyproject.toml')
+    else:
+        log.error('Missing pyproject.toml')
+        return False
+
+    try:
+        with io.open(pyproject, 'rb') as f:
+            pyproject_data = toml_load(f)
+        # Ensure the mandatory data can be loaded
+        buildsys = pyproject_data['build-system']
+        requires = buildsys['requires']
+        backend = buildsys['build-backend']
+        backend_path = buildsys.get('backend-path')
+        log.info('Loaded pyproject.toml')
+    except (TOMLDecodeError, KeyError):
+        log.error("Invalid pyproject.toml", exc_info=True)
+        return False
+
+    hooks = Pep517HookCaller(source_dir, backend, backend_path)
+
+    sdist_ok = check_build_sdist(hooks, requires)
+    wheel_ok = check_build_wheel(hooks, requires)
+
+    if not sdist_ok:
+        log.warning('Sdist checks failed; scroll up to see')
+    if not wheel_ok:
+        log.warning('Wheel checks failed')
+
+    return sdist_ok
+
+
+def main(argv=None):
+    log.warning('pep517.check is deprecated. '
+                'Consider switching to https://pypi.org/project/build/')
+
+    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    ap.add_argument(
+        'source_dir',
+        help="A directory containing pyproject.toml")
+    args = ap.parse_args(argv)
+
+    enable_colourful_output()
+
+    ok = check(args.source_dir)
+
+    if ok:
+        print(ansi('Checks passed', 'green'))
+    else:
+        print(ansi('Checks failed', 'red'))
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+ansi_codes = {
+    'reset': '\x1b[0m',
+    'bold': '\x1b[1m',
+    'red': '\x1b[31m',
+    'green': '\x1b[32m',
+}
+
+
+def ansi(s, attr):
+    if os.name != 'nt' and sys.stdout.isatty():
+        return ansi_codes[attr] + str(s) + ansi_codes['reset']
+    else:
+        return str(s)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/colorlog.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/colorlog.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69c8a59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/colorlog.py
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""Nicer log formatting with colours.
+
+Code copied from Tornado, Apache licensed.
+"""
+# Copyright 2012 Facebook
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+# a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+import logging
+import sys
+
+try:
+    import curses
+except ImportError:
+    curses = None
+
+
+def _stderr_supports_color():
+    color = False
+    if curses and hasattr(sys.stderr, 'isatty') and sys.stderr.isatty():
+        try:
+            curses.setupterm()
+            if curses.tigetnum("colors") > 0:
+                color = True
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    return color
+
+
+class LogFormatter(logging.Formatter):
+    """Log formatter with colour support
+    """
+    DEFAULT_COLORS = {
+        logging.INFO: 2,  # Green
+        logging.WARNING: 3,  # Yellow
+        logging.ERROR: 1,  # Red
+        logging.CRITICAL: 1,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, color=True, datefmt=None):
+        r"""
+        :arg bool color: Enables color support.
+        :arg string fmt: Log message format.
+        It will be applied to the attributes dict of log records. The
+        text between ``%(color)s`` and ``%(end_color)s`` will be colored
+        depending on the level if color support is on.
+        :arg dict colors: color mappings from logging level to terminal color
+        code
+        :arg string datefmt: Datetime format.
+        Used for formatting ``(asctime)`` placeholder in ``prefix_fmt``.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+        Added ``fmt`` and ``datefmt`` arguments.
+        """
+        logging.Formatter.__init__(self, datefmt=datefmt)
+        self._colors = {}
+        if color and _stderr_supports_color():
+            # The curses module has some str/bytes confusion in
+            # python3. Until version 3.2.3, most methods return
+            # bytes, but only accept strings. In addition, we want to
+            # output these strings with the logging module, which
+            # works with unicode strings. The explicit calls to
+            # unicode() below are harmless in python2 but will do the
+            # right conversion in python 3.
+            fg_color = (curses.tigetstr("setaf") or
+                        curses.tigetstr("setf") or "")
+            if (3, 0) < sys.version_info < (3, 2, 3):
+                fg_color = str(fg_color, "ascii")
+
+            for levelno, code in self.DEFAULT_COLORS.items():
+                self._colors[levelno] = str(
+                    curses.tparm(fg_color, code), "ascii")
+            self._normal = str(curses.tigetstr("sgr0"), "ascii")
+
+            scr = curses.initscr()
+            self.termwidth = scr.getmaxyx()[1]
+            curses.endwin()
+        else:
+            self._normal = ''
+            # Default width is usually 80, but too wide is
+            # worse than too narrow
+            self.termwidth = 70
+
+    def formatMessage(self, record):
+        mlen = len(record.message)
+        right_text = '{initial}-{name}'.format(initial=record.levelname[0],
+                                               name=record.name)
+        if mlen + len(right_text) < self.termwidth:
+            space = ' ' * (self.termwidth - (mlen + len(right_text)))
+        else:
+            space = '  '
+
+        if record.levelno in self._colors:
+            start_color = self._colors[record.levelno]
+            end_color = self._normal
+        else:
+            start_color = end_color = ''
+
+        return record.message + space + start_color + right_text + end_color
+
+
+def enable_colourful_output(level=logging.INFO):
+    handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+    handler.setFormatter(LogFormatter())
+    logging.root.addHandler(handler)
+    logging.root.setLevel(level)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..730ef5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+"""Python 2/3 compatibility"""
+import io
+import json
+import sys
+
+
+# Handle reading and writing JSON in UTF-8, on Python 3 and 2.
+
+if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+    # Python 3
+    def write_json(obj, path, **kwargs):
+        with open(path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            json.dump(obj, f, **kwargs)
+
+    def read_json(path):
+        with open(path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            return json.load(f)
+
+else:
+    # Python 2
+    def write_json(obj, path, **kwargs):
+        with open(path, 'wb') as f:
+            json.dump(obj, f, encoding='utf-8', **kwargs)
+
+    def read_json(path):
+        with open(path, 'rb') as f:
+            return json.load(f)
+
+
+# FileNotFoundError
+
+try:
+    FileNotFoundError = FileNotFoundError
+except NameError:
+    FileNotFoundError = IOError
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 6):
+    from toml import load as _toml_load  # noqa: F401
+
+    def toml_load(f):
+        w = io.TextIOWrapper(f, encoding="utf8", newline="")
+        try:
+            return _toml_load(w)
+        finally:
+            w.detach()
+
+    from toml import TomlDecodeError as TOMLDecodeError  # noqa: F401
+else:
+    from pip._vendor.tomli import load as toml_load  # noqa: F401
+    from pip._vendor.tomli import TOMLDecodeError  # noqa: F401
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/dirtools.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/dirtools.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58c6ca0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/dirtools.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import os
+import io
+import contextlib
+import tempfile
+import shutil
+import errno
+import zipfile
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def tempdir():
+    """Create a temporary directory in a context manager."""
+    td = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+    try:
+        yield td
+    finally:
+        shutil.rmtree(td)
+
+
+def mkdir_p(*args, **kwargs):
+    """Like `mkdir`, but does not raise an exception if the
+    directory already exists.
+    """
+    try:
+        return os.mkdir(*args, **kwargs)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        if exc.errno != errno.EEXIST:
+            raise
+
+
+def dir_to_zipfile(root):
+    """Construct an in-memory zip file for a directory."""
+    buffer = io.BytesIO()
+    zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(buffer, 'w')
+    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
+        for path in dirs:
+            fs_path = os.path.join(root, path)
+            rel_path = os.path.relpath(fs_path, root)
+            zip_file.writestr(rel_path + '/', '')
+        for path in files:
+            fs_path = os.path.join(root, path)
+            rel_path = os.path.relpath(fs_path, root)
+            zip_file.write(fs_path, rel_path)
+    return zip_file
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/envbuild.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/envbuild.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe8873c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/envbuild.py
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+"""Build wheels/sdists by installing build deps to a temporary environment.
+"""
+
+import io
+import os
+import logging
+import shutil
+from subprocess import check_call
+import sys
+from sysconfig import get_paths
+from tempfile import mkdtemp
+
+from .compat import toml_load
+from .wrappers import Pep517HookCaller, LoggerWrapper
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _load_pyproject(source_dir):
+    with io.open(
+            os.path.join(source_dir, 'pyproject.toml'),
+            'rb',
+            ) as f:
+        pyproject_data = toml_load(f)
+    buildsys = pyproject_data['build-system']
+    return (
+        buildsys['requires'],
+        buildsys['build-backend'],
+        buildsys.get('backend-path'),
+    )
+
+
+class BuildEnvironment(object):
+    """Context manager to install build deps in a simple temporary environment
+
+    Based on code I wrote for pip, which is MIT licensed.
+    """
+    # Copyright (c) 2008-2016 The pip developers (see AUTHORS.txt file)
+    #
+    # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+    # a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+    # "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+    # without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+    # distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+    # permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+    # the following conditions:
+    #
+    # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+    # included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+    #
+    # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+    # EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+    # MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+    # NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+    # LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+    # OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+    # WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+    path = None
+
+    def __init__(self, cleanup=True):
+        self._cleanup = cleanup
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.path = mkdtemp(prefix='pep517-build-env-')
+        log.info('Temporary build environment: %s', self.path)
+
+        self.save_path = os.environ.get('PATH', None)
+        self.save_pythonpath = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', None)
+
+        install_scheme = 'nt' if (os.name == 'nt') else 'posix_prefix'
+        install_dirs = get_paths(install_scheme, vars={
+            'base': self.path,
+            'platbase': self.path,
+        })
+
+        scripts = install_dirs['scripts']
+        if self.save_path:
+            os.environ['PATH'] = scripts + os.pathsep + self.save_path
+        else:
+            os.environ['PATH'] = scripts + os.pathsep + os.defpath
+
+        if install_dirs['purelib'] == install_dirs['platlib']:
+            lib_dirs = install_dirs['purelib']
+        else:
+            lib_dirs = install_dirs['purelib'] + os.pathsep + \
+                install_dirs['platlib']
+        if self.save_pythonpath:
+            os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = lib_dirs + os.pathsep + \
+                self.save_pythonpath
+        else:
+            os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = lib_dirs
+
+        return self
+
+    def pip_install(self, reqs):
+        """Install dependencies into this env by calling pip in a subprocess"""
+        if not reqs:
+            return
+        log.info('Calling pip to install %s', reqs)
+        cmd = [
+            sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install', '--ignore-installed',
+            '--prefix', self.path] + list(reqs)
+        check_call(
+            cmd,
+            stdout=LoggerWrapper(log, logging.INFO),
+            stderr=LoggerWrapper(log, logging.ERROR),
+        )
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        needs_cleanup = (
+            self._cleanup and
+            self.path is not None and
+            os.path.isdir(self.path)
+        )
+        if needs_cleanup:
+            shutil.rmtree(self.path)
+
+        if self.save_path is None:
+            os.environ.pop('PATH', None)
+        else:
+            os.environ['PATH'] = self.save_path
+
+        if self.save_pythonpath is None:
+            os.environ.pop('PYTHONPATH', None)
+        else:
+            os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = self.save_pythonpath
+
+
+def build_wheel(source_dir, wheel_dir, config_settings=None):
+    """Build a wheel from a source directory using PEP 517 hooks.
+
+    :param str source_dir: Source directory containing pyproject.toml
+    :param str wheel_dir: Target directory to create wheel in
+    :param dict config_settings: Options to pass to build backend
+
+    This is a blocking function which will run pip in a subprocess to install
+    build requirements.
+    """
+    if config_settings is None:
+        config_settings = {}
+    requires, backend, backend_path = _load_pyproject(source_dir)
+    hooks = Pep517HookCaller(source_dir, backend, backend_path)
+
+    with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+        env.pip_install(requires)
+        reqs = hooks.get_requires_for_build_wheel(config_settings)
+        env.pip_install(reqs)
+        return hooks.build_wheel(wheel_dir, config_settings)
+
+
+def build_sdist(source_dir, sdist_dir, config_settings=None):
+    """Build an sdist from a source directory using PEP 517 hooks.
+
+    :param str source_dir: Source directory containing pyproject.toml
+    :param str sdist_dir: Target directory to place sdist in
+    :param dict config_settings: Options to pass to build backend
+
+    This is a blocking function which will run pip in a subprocess to install
+    build requirements.
+    """
+    if config_settings is None:
+        config_settings = {}
+    requires, backend, backend_path = _load_pyproject(source_dir)
+    hooks = Pep517HookCaller(source_dir, backend, backend_path)
+
+    with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+        env.pip_install(requires)
+        reqs = hooks.get_requires_for_build_sdist(config_settings)
+        env.pip_install(reqs)
+        return hooks.build_sdist(sdist_dir, config_settings)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c932313
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+"""This is a subpackage because the directory is on sys.path for _in_process.py
+
+The subpackage should stay as empty as possible to avoid shadowing modules that
+the backend might import.
+"""
+from os.path import dirname, abspath, join as pjoin
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+try:
+    import importlib.resources as resources
+
+    def _in_proc_script_path():
+        return resources.path(__package__, '_in_process.py')
+except ImportError:
+    @contextmanager
+    def _in_proc_script_path():
+        yield pjoin(dirname(abspath(__file__)), '_in_process.py')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..954a4ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py
@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+"""This is invoked in a subprocess to call the build backend hooks.
+
+It expects:
+- Command line args: hook_name, control_dir
+- Environment variables:
+      PEP517_BUILD_BACKEND=entry.point:spec
+      PEP517_BACKEND_PATH=paths (separated with os.pathsep)
+- control_dir/input.json:
+  - {"kwargs": {...}}
+
+Results:
+- control_dir/output.json
+  - {"return_val": ...}
+"""
+from glob import glob
+from importlib import import_module
+import json
+import os
+import os.path
+from os.path import join as pjoin
+import re
+import shutil
+import sys
+import traceback
+
+# This file is run as a script, and `import compat` is not zip-safe, so we
+# include write_json() and read_json() from compat.py.
+#
+# Handle reading and writing JSON in UTF-8, on Python 3 and 2.
+
+if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+    # Python 3
+    def write_json(obj, path, **kwargs):
+        with open(path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            json.dump(obj, f, **kwargs)
+
+    def read_json(path):
+        with open(path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            return json.load(f)
+
+else:
+    # Python 2
+    def write_json(obj, path, **kwargs):
+        with open(path, 'wb') as f:
+            json.dump(obj, f, encoding='utf-8', **kwargs)
+
+    def read_json(path):
+        with open(path, 'rb') as f:
+            return json.load(f)
+
+
+class BackendUnavailable(Exception):
+    """Raised if we cannot import the backend"""
+    def __init__(self, traceback):
+        self.traceback = traceback
+
+
+class BackendInvalid(Exception):
+    """Raised if the backend is invalid"""
+    def __init__(self, message):
+        self.message = message
+
+
+class HookMissing(Exception):
+    """Raised if a hook is missing and we are not executing the fallback"""
+    def __init__(self, hook_name=None):
+        super(HookMissing, self).__init__(hook_name)
+        self.hook_name = hook_name
+
+
+def contained_in(filename, directory):
+    """Test if a file is located within the given directory."""
+    filename = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(filename))
+    directory = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(directory))
+    return os.path.commonprefix([filename, directory]) == directory
+
+
+def _build_backend():
+    """Find and load the build backend"""
+    # Add in-tree backend directories to the front of sys.path.
+    backend_path = os.environ.get('PEP517_BACKEND_PATH')
+    if backend_path:
+        extra_pathitems = backend_path.split(os.pathsep)
+        sys.path[:0] = extra_pathitems
+
+    ep = os.environ['PEP517_BUILD_BACKEND']
+    mod_path, _, obj_path = ep.partition(':')
+    try:
+        obj = import_module(mod_path)
+    except ImportError:
+        raise BackendUnavailable(traceback.format_exc())
+
+    if backend_path:
+        if not any(
+            contained_in(obj.__file__, path)
+            for path in extra_pathitems
+        ):
+            raise BackendInvalid("Backend was not loaded from backend-path")
+
+    if obj_path:
+        for path_part in obj_path.split('.'):
+            obj = getattr(obj, path_part)
+    return obj
+
+
+def _supported_features():
+    """Return the list of options features supported by the backend.
+
+    Returns a list of strings.
+    The only possible value is 'build_editable'.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    features = []
+    if hasattr(backend, "build_editable"):
+        features.append("build_editable")
+    return features
+
+
+def get_requires_for_build_wheel(config_settings):
+    """Invoke the optional get_requires_for_build_wheel hook
+
+    Returns [] if the hook is not defined.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        hook = backend.get_requires_for_build_wheel
+    except AttributeError:
+        return []
+    else:
+        return hook(config_settings)
+
+
+def get_requires_for_build_editable(config_settings):
+    """Invoke the optional get_requires_for_build_editable hook
+
+    Returns [] if the hook is not defined.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        hook = backend.get_requires_for_build_editable
+    except AttributeError:
+        return []
+    else:
+        return hook(config_settings)
+
+
+def prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel(
+        metadata_directory, config_settings, _allow_fallback):
+    """Invoke optional prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
+
+    Implements a fallback by building a wheel if the hook isn't defined,
+    unless _allow_fallback is False in which case HookMissing is raised.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        hook = backend.prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
+    except AttributeError:
+        if not _allow_fallback:
+            raise HookMissing()
+        whl_basename = backend.build_wheel(metadata_directory, config_settings)
+        return _get_wheel_metadata_from_wheel(whl_basename, metadata_directory,
+                                              config_settings)
+    else:
+        return hook(metadata_directory, config_settings)
+
+
+def prepare_metadata_for_build_editable(
+        metadata_directory, config_settings, _allow_fallback):
+    """Invoke optional prepare_metadata_for_build_editable
+
+    Implements a fallback by building an editable wheel if the hook isn't
+    defined, unless _allow_fallback is False in which case HookMissing is
+    raised.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        hook = backend.prepare_metadata_for_build_editable
+    except AttributeError:
+        if not _allow_fallback:
+            raise HookMissing()
+        try:
+            build_hook = backend.build_editable
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise HookMissing(hook_name='build_editable')
+        else:
+            whl_basename = build_hook(metadata_directory, config_settings)
+            return _get_wheel_metadata_from_wheel(whl_basename,
+                                                  metadata_directory,
+                                                  config_settings)
+    else:
+        return hook(metadata_directory, config_settings)
+
+
+WHEEL_BUILT_MARKER = 'PEP517_ALREADY_BUILT_WHEEL'
+
+
+def _dist_info_files(whl_zip):
+    """Identify the .dist-info folder inside a wheel ZipFile."""
+    res = []
+    for path in whl_zip.namelist():
+        m = re.match(r'[^/\\]+-[^/\\]+\.dist-info/', path)
+        if m:
+            res.append(path)
+    if res:
+        return res
+    raise Exception("No .dist-info folder found in wheel")
+
+
+def _get_wheel_metadata_from_wheel(
+        whl_basename, metadata_directory, config_settings):
+    """Extract the metadata from a wheel.
+
+    Fallback for when the build backend does not
+    define the 'get_wheel_metadata' hook.
+    """
+    from zipfile import ZipFile
+    with open(os.path.join(metadata_directory, WHEEL_BUILT_MARKER), 'wb'):
+        pass  # Touch marker file
+
+    whl_file = os.path.join(metadata_directory, whl_basename)
+    with ZipFile(whl_file) as zipf:
+        dist_info = _dist_info_files(zipf)
+        zipf.extractall(path=metadata_directory, members=dist_info)
+    return dist_info[0].split('/')[0]
+
+
+def _find_already_built_wheel(metadata_directory):
+    """Check for a wheel already built during the get_wheel_metadata hook.
+    """
+    if not metadata_directory:
+        return None
+    metadata_parent = os.path.dirname(metadata_directory)
+    if not os.path.isfile(pjoin(metadata_parent, WHEEL_BUILT_MARKER)):
+        return None
+
+    whl_files = glob(os.path.join(metadata_parent, '*.whl'))
+    if not whl_files:
+        print('Found wheel built marker, but no .whl files')
+        return None
+    if len(whl_files) > 1:
+        print('Found multiple .whl files; unspecified behaviour. '
+              'Will call build_wheel.')
+        return None
+
+    # Exactly one .whl file
+    return whl_files[0]
+
+
+def build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings, metadata_directory=None):
+    """Invoke the mandatory build_wheel hook.
+
+    If a wheel was already built in the
+    prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel fallback, this
+    will copy it rather than rebuilding the wheel.
+    """
+    prebuilt_whl = _find_already_built_wheel(metadata_directory)
+    if prebuilt_whl:
+        shutil.copy2(prebuilt_whl, wheel_directory)
+        return os.path.basename(prebuilt_whl)
+
+    return _build_backend().build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings,
+                                        metadata_directory)
+
+
+def build_editable(wheel_directory, config_settings, metadata_directory=None):
+    """Invoke the optional build_editable hook.
+
+    If a wheel was already built in the
+    prepare_metadata_for_build_editable fallback, this
+    will copy it rather than rebuilding the wheel.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        hook = backend.build_editable
+    except AttributeError:
+        raise HookMissing()
+    else:
+        prebuilt_whl = _find_already_built_wheel(metadata_directory)
+        if prebuilt_whl:
+            shutil.copy2(prebuilt_whl, wheel_directory)
+            return os.path.basename(prebuilt_whl)
+
+        return hook(wheel_directory, config_settings, metadata_directory)
+
+
+def get_requires_for_build_sdist(config_settings):
+    """Invoke the optional get_requires_for_build_wheel hook
+
+    Returns [] if the hook is not defined.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        hook = backend.get_requires_for_build_sdist
+    except AttributeError:
+        return []
+    else:
+        return hook(config_settings)
+
+
+class _DummyException(Exception):
+    """Nothing should ever raise this exception"""
+
+
+class GotUnsupportedOperation(Exception):
+    """For internal use when backend raises UnsupportedOperation"""
+    def __init__(self, traceback):
+        self.traceback = traceback
+
+
+def build_sdist(sdist_directory, config_settings):
+    """Invoke the mandatory build_sdist hook."""
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        return backend.build_sdist(sdist_directory, config_settings)
+    except getattr(backend, 'UnsupportedOperation', _DummyException):
+        raise GotUnsupportedOperation(traceback.format_exc())
+
+
+HOOK_NAMES = {
+    'get_requires_for_build_wheel',
+    'prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel',
+    'build_wheel',
+    'get_requires_for_build_editable',
+    'prepare_metadata_for_build_editable',
+    'build_editable',
+    'get_requires_for_build_sdist',
+    'build_sdist',
+    '_supported_features',
+}
+
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv) < 3:
+        sys.exit("Needs args: hook_name, control_dir")
+    hook_name = sys.argv[1]
+    control_dir = sys.argv[2]
+    if hook_name not in HOOK_NAMES:
+        sys.exit("Unknown hook: %s" % hook_name)
+    hook = globals()[hook_name]
+
+    hook_input = read_json(pjoin(control_dir, 'input.json'))
+
+    json_out = {'unsupported': False, 'return_val': None}
+    try:
+        json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
+    except BackendUnavailable as e:
+        json_out['no_backend'] = True
+        json_out['traceback'] = e.traceback
+    except BackendInvalid as e:
+        json_out['backend_invalid'] = True
+        json_out['backend_error'] = e.message
+    except GotUnsupportedOperation as e:
+        json_out['unsupported'] = True
+        json_out['traceback'] = e.traceback
+    except HookMissing as e:
+        json_out['hook_missing'] = True
+        json_out['missing_hook_name'] = e.hook_name or hook_name
+
+    write_json(json_out, pjoin(control_dir, 'output.json'), indent=2)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/meta.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/meta.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d525de5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/meta.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""Build metadata for a project using PEP 517 hooks.
+"""
+import argparse
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+import functools
+
+try:
+    import importlib.metadata as imp_meta
+except ImportError:
+    import importlib_metadata as imp_meta
+
+try:
+    from zipfile import Path
+except ImportError:
+    from zipp import Path
+
+from .envbuild import BuildEnvironment
+from .wrappers import Pep517HookCaller, quiet_subprocess_runner
+from .dirtools import tempdir, mkdir_p, dir_to_zipfile
+from .build import validate_system, load_system, compat_system
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _prep_meta(hooks, env, dest):
+    reqs = hooks.get_requires_for_build_wheel({})
+    log.info('Got build requires: %s', reqs)
+
+    env.pip_install(reqs)
+    log.info('Installed dynamic build dependencies')
+
+    with tempdir() as td:
+        log.info('Trying to build metadata in %s', td)
+        filename = hooks.prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel(td, {})
+        source = os.path.join(td, filename)
+        shutil.move(source, os.path.join(dest, os.path.basename(filename)))
+
+
+def build(source_dir='.', dest=None, system=None):
+    system = system or load_system(source_dir)
+    dest = os.path.join(source_dir, dest or 'dist')
+    mkdir_p(dest)
+    validate_system(system)
+    hooks = Pep517HookCaller(
+        source_dir, system['build-backend'], system.get('backend-path')
+    )
+
+    with hooks.subprocess_runner(quiet_subprocess_runner):
+        with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+            env.pip_install(system['requires'])
+            _prep_meta(hooks, env, dest)
+
+
+def build_as_zip(builder=build):
+    with tempdir() as out_dir:
+        builder(dest=out_dir)
+        return dir_to_zipfile(out_dir)
+
+
+def load(root):
+    """
+    Given a source directory (root) of a package,
+    return an importlib.metadata.Distribution object
+    with metadata build from that package.
+    """
+    root = os.path.expanduser(root)
+    system = compat_system(root)
+    builder = functools.partial(build, source_dir=root, system=system)
+    path = Path(build_as_zip(builder))
+    return imp_meta.PathDistribution(path)
+
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+parser.add_argument(
+    'source_dir',
+    help="A directory containing pyproject.toml",
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    '--out-dir', '-o',
+    help="Destination in which to save the builds relative to source dir",
+)
+
+
+def main():
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    build(args.source_dir, args.out_dir)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/wrappers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/wrappers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e031ed7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/wrappers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+import threading
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+import os
+from os.path import abspath, join as pjoin
+import shutil
+from subprocess import check_call, check_output, STDOUT
+import sys
+from tempfile import mkdtemp
+
+from . import compat
+from .in_process import _in_proc_script_path
+
+__all__ = [
+    'BackendUnavailable',
+    'BackendInvalid',
+    'HookMissing',
+    'UnsupportedOperation',
+    'default_subprocess_runner',
+    'quiet_subprocess_runner',
+    'Pep517HookCaller',
+]
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def tempdir():
+    td = mkdtemp()
+    try:
+        yield td
+    finally:
+        shutil.rmtree(td)
+
+
+class BackendUnavailable(Exception):
+    """Will be raised if the backend cannot be imported in the hook process."""
+    def __init__(self, traceback):
+        self.traceback = traceback
+
+
+class BackendInvalid(Exception):
+    """Will be raised if the backend is invalid."""
+    def __init__(self, backend_name, backend_path, message):
+        self.backend_name = backend_name
+        self.backend_path = backend_path
+        self.message = message
+
+
+class HookMissing(Exception):
+    """Will be raised on missing hooks."""
+    def __init__(self, hook_name):
+        super(HookMissing, self).__init__(hook_name)
+        self.hook_name = hook_name
+
+
+class UnsupportedOperation(Exception):
+    """May be raised by build_sdist if the backend indicates that it can't."""
+    def __init__(self, traceback):
+        self.traceback = traceback
+
+
+def default_subprocess_runner(cmd, cwd=None, extra_environ=None):
+    """The default method of calling the wrapper subprocess."""
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    if extra_environ:
+        env.update(extra_environ)
+
+    check_call(cmd, cwd=cwd, env=env)
+
+
+def quiet_subprocess_runner(cmd, cwd=None, extra_environ=None):
+    """A method of calling the wrapper subprocess while suppressing output."""
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    if extra_environ:
+        env.update(extra_environ)
+
+    check_output(cmd, cwd=cwd, env=env, stderr=STDOUT)
+
+
+def norm_and_check(source_tree, requested):
+    """Normalise and check a backend path.
+
+    Ensure that the requested backend path is specified as a relative path,
+    and resolves to a location under the given source tree.
+
+    Return an absolute version of the requested path.
+    """
+    if os.path.isabs(requested):
+        raise ValueError("paths must be relative")
+
+    abs_source = os.path.abspath(source_tree)
+    abs_requested = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(abs_source, requested))
+    # We have to use commonprefix for Python 2.7 compatibility. So we
+    # normalise case to avoid problems because commonprefix is a character
+    # based comparison :-(
+    norm_source = os.path.normcase(abs_source)
+    norm_requested = os.path.normcase(abs_requested)
+    if os.path.commonprefix([norm_source, norm_requested]) != norm_source:
+        raise ValueError("paths must be inside source tree")
+
+    return abs_requested
+
+
+class Pep517HookCaller(object):
+    """A wrapper around a source directory to be built with a PEP 517 backend.
+
+    :param source_dir: The path to the source directory, containing
+        pyproject.toml.
+    :param build_backend: The build backend spec, as per PEP 517, from
+        pyproject.toml.
+    :param backend_path: The backend path, as per PEP 517, from pyproject.toml.
+    :param runner: A callable that invokes the wrapper subprocess.
+    :param python_executable: The Python executable used to invoke the backend
+
+    The 'runner', if provided, must expect the following:
+
+    - cmd: a list of strings representing the command and arguments to
+      execute, as would be passed to e.g. 'subprocess.check_call'.
+    - cwd: a string representing the working directory that must be
+      used for the subprocess. Corresponds to the provided source_dir.
+    - extra_environ: a dict mapping environment variable names to values
+      which must be set for the subprocess execution.
+    """
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            source_dir,
+            build_backend,
+            backend_path=None,
+            runner=None,
+            python_executable=None,
+    ):
+        if runner is None:
+            runner = default_subprocess_runner
+
+        self.source_dir = abspath(source_dir)
+        self.build_backend = build_backend
+        if backend_path:
+            backend_path = [
+                norm_and_check(self.source_dir, p) for p in backend_path
+            ]
+        self.backend_path = backend_path
+        self._subprocess_runner = runner
+        if not python_executable:
+            python_executable = sys.executable
+        self.python_executable = python_executable
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def subprocess_runner(self, runner):
+        """A context manager for temporarily overriding the default subprocess
+        runner.
+        """
+        prev = self._subprocess_runner
+        self._subprocess_runner = runner
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            self._subprocess_runner = prev
+
+    def _supported_features(self):
+        """Return the list of optional features supported by the backend."""
+        return self._call_hook('_supported_features', {})
+
+    def get_requires_for_build_wheel(self, config_settings=None):
+        """Identify packages required for building a wheel
+
+        Returns a list of dependency specifications, e.g.::
+
+            ["wheel >= 0.25", "setuptools"]
+
+        This does not include requirements specified in pyproject.toml.
+        It returns the result of calling the equivalently named hook in a
+        subprocess.
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('get_requires_for_build_wheel', {
+            'config_settings': config_settings
+        })
+
+    def prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel(
+            self, metadata_directory, config_settings=None,
+            _allow_fallback=True):
+        """Prepare a ``*.dist-info`` folder with metadata for this project.
+
+        Returns the name of the newly created folder.
+
+        If the build backend defines a hook with this name, it will be called
+        in a subprocess. If not, the backend will be asked to build a wheel,
+        and the dist-info extracted from that (unless _allow_fallback is
+        False).
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel', {
+            'metadata_directory': abspath(metadata_directory),
+            'config_settings': config_settings,
+            '_allow_fallback': _allow_fallback,
+        })
+
+    def build_wheel(
+            self, wheel_directory, config_settings=None,
+            metadata_directory=None):
+        """Build a wheel from this project.
+
+        Returns the name of the newly created file.
+
+        In general, this will call the 'build_wheel' hook in the backend.
+        However, if that was previously called by
+        'prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel', and the same metadata_directory is
+        used, the previously built wheel will be copied to wheel_directory.
+        """
+        if metadata_directory is not None:
+            metadata_directory = abspath(metadata_directory)
+        return self._call_hook('build_wheel', {
+            'wheel_directory': abspath(wheel_directory),
+            'config_settings': config_settings,
+            'metadata_directory': metadata_directory,
+        })
+
+    def get_requires_for_build_editable(self, config_settings=None):
+        """Identify packages required for building an editable wheel
+
+        Returns a list of dependency specifications, e.g.::
+
+            ["wheel >= 0.25", "setuptools"]
+
+        This does not include requirements specified in pyproject.toml.
+        It returns the result of calling the equivalently named hook in a
+        subprocess.
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('get_requires_for_build_editable', {
+            'config_settings': config_settings
+        })
+
+    def prepare_metadata_for_build_editable(
+            self, metadata_directory, config_settings=None,
+            _allow_fallback=True):
+        """Prepare a ``*.dist-info`` folder with metadata for this project.
+
+        Returns the name of the newly created folder.
+
+        If the build backend defines a hook with this name, it will be called
+        in a subprocess. If not, the backend will be asked to build an editable
+        wheel, and the dist-info extracted from that (unless _allow_fallback is
+        False).
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('prepare_metadata_for_build_editable', {
+            'metadata_directory': abspath(metadata_directory),
+            'config_settings': config_settings,
+            '_allow_fallback': _allow_fallback,
+        })
+
+    def build_editable(
+            self, wheel_directory, config_settings=None,
+            metadata_directory=None):
+        """Build an editable wheel from this project.
+
+        Returns the name of the newly created file.
+
+        In general, this will call the 'build_editable' hook in the backend.
+        However, if that was previously called by
+        'prepare_metadata_for_build_editable', and the same metadata_directory
+        is used, the previously built wheel will be copied to wheel_directory.
+        """
+        if metadata_directory is not None:
+            metadata_directory = abspath(metadata_directory)
+        return self._call_hook('build_editable', {
+            'wheel_directory': abspath(wheel_directory),
+            'config_settings': config_settings,
+            'metadata_directory': metadata_directory,
+        })
+
+    def get_requires_for_build_sdist(self, config_settings=None):
+        """Identify packages required for building a wheel
+
+        Returns a list of dependency specifications, e.g.::
+
+            ["setuptools >= 26"]
+
+        This does not include requirements specified in pyproject.toml.
+        It returns the result of calling the equivalently named hook in a
+        subprocess.
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('get_requires_for_build_sdist', {
+            'config_settings': config_settings
+        })
+
+    def build_sdist(self, sdist_directory, config_settings=None):
+        """Build an sdist from this project.
+
+        Returns the name of the newly created file.
+
+        This calls the 'build_sdist' backend hook in a subprocess.
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('build_sdist', {
+            'sdist_directory': abspath(sdist_directory),
+            'config_settings': config_settings,
+        })
+
+    def _call_hook(self, hook_name, kwargs):
+        # On Python 2, pytoml returns Unicode values (which is correct) but the
+        # environment passed to check_call needs to contain string values. We
+        # convert here by encoding using ASCII (the backend can only contain
+        # letters, digits and _, . and : characters, and will be used as a
+        # Python identifier, so non-ASCII content is wrong on Python 2 in
+        # any case).
+        # For backend_path, we use sys.getfilesystemencoding.
+        if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+            build_backend = self.build_backend.encode('ASCII')
+        else:
+            build_backend = self.build_backend
+        extra_environ = {'PEP517_BUILD_BACKEND': build_backend}
+
+        if self.backend_path:
+            backend_path = os.pathsep.join(self.backend_path)
+            if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+                backend_path = backend_path.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+            extra_environ['PEP517_BACKEND_PATH'] = backend_path
+
+        with tempdir() as td:
+            hook_input = {'kwargs': kwargs}
+            compat.write_json(hook_input, pjoin(td, 'input.json'),
+                              indent=2)
+
+            # Run the hook in a subprocess
+            with _in_proc_script_path() as script:
+                python = self.python_executable
+                self._subprocess_runner(
+                    [python, abspath(str(script)), hook_name, td],
+                    cwd=self.source_dir,
+                    extra_environ=extra_environ
+                )
+
+            data = compat.read_json(pjoin(td, 'output.json'))
+            if data.get('unsupported'):
+                raise UnsupportedOperation(data.get('traceback', ''))
+            if data.get('no_backend'):
+                raise BackendUnavailable(data.get('traceback', ''))
+            if data.get('backend_invalid'):
+                raise BackendInvalid(
+                    backend_name=self.build_backend,
+                    backend_path=self.backend_path,
+                    message=data.get('backend_error', '')
+                )
+            if data.get('hook_missing'):
+                raise HookMissing(data.get('missing_hook_name') or hook_name)
+            return data['return_val']
+
+
+class LoggerWrapper(threading.Thread):
+    """
+    Read messages from a pipe and redirect them
+    to a logger (see python's logging module).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, logger, level):
+        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
+        self.daemon = True
+
+        self.logger = logger
+        self.level = level
+
+        # create the pipe and reader
+        self.fd_read, self.fd_write = os.pipe()
+        self.reader = os.fdopen(self.fd_read)
+
+        self.start()
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        return self.fd_write
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def remove_newline(msg):
+        return msg[:-1] if msg.endswith(os.linesep) else msg
+
+    def run(self):
+        for line in self.reader:
+            self._write(self.remove_newline(line))
+
+    def _write(self, message):
+        self.logger.log(self.level, message)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pkg_resources/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pkg_resources/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cd562c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pkg_resources/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3296 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+"""
+Package resource API
+--------------------
+
+A resource is a logical file contained within a package, or a logical
+subdirectory thereof.  The package resource API expects resource names
+to have their path parts separated with ``/``, *not* whatever the local
+path separator is.  Do not use os.path operations to manipulate resource
+names being passed into the API.
+
+The package resource API is designed to work with normal filesystem packages,
+.egg files, and unpacked .egg files.  It can also work in a limited way with
+.zip files and with custom PEP 302 loaders that support the ``get_data()``
+method.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import sys
+import os
+import io
+import time
+import re
+import types
+import zipfile
+import zipimport
+import warnings
+import stat
+import functools
+import pkgutil
+import operator
+import platform
+import collections
+import plistlib
+import email.parser
+import errno
+import tempfile
+import textwrap
+import itertools
+import inspect
+import ntpath
+import posixpath
+from pkgutil import get_importer
+
+try:
+    import _imp
+except ImportError:
+    # Python 3.2 compatibility
+    import imp as _imp
+
+try:
+    FileExistsError
+except NameError:
+    FileExistsError = OSError
+
+from pip._vendor import six
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import urllib, map, filter
+
+# capture these to bypass sandboxing
+from os import utime
+try:
+    from os import mkdir, rename, unlink
+    WRITE_SUPPORT = True
+except ImportError:
+    # no write support, probably under GAE
+    WRITE_SUPPORT = False
+
+from os import open as os_open
+from os.path import isdir, split
+
+try:
+    import importlib.machinery as importlib_machinery
+    # access attribute to force import under delayed import mechanisms.
+    importlib_machinery.__name__
+except ImportError:
+    importlib_machinery = None
+
+from . import py31compat
+from pip._vendor import platformdirs
+from pip._vendor import packaging
+__import__('pip._vendor.packaging.version')
+__import__('pip._vendor.packaging.specifiers')
+__import__('pip._vendor.packaging.requirements')
+__import__('pip._vendor.packaging.markers')
+
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+
+if (3, 0) < sys.version_info < (3, 5):
+    raise RuntimeError("Python 3.5 or later is required")
+
+if six.PY2:
+    # Those builtin exceptions are only defined in Python 3
+    PermissionError = None
+    NotADirectoryError = None
+
+# declare some globals that will be defined later to
+# satisfy the linters.
+require = None
+working_set = None
+add_activation_listener = None
+resources_stream = None
+cleanup_resources = None
+resource_dir = None
+resource_stream = None
+set_extraction_path = None
+resource_isdir = None
+resource_string = None
+iter_entry_points = None
+resource_listdir = None
+resource_filename = None
+resource_exists = None
+_distribution_finders = None
+_namespace_handlers = None
+_namespace_packages = None
+
+
+class PEP440Warning(RuntimeWarning):
+    """
+    Used when there is an issue with a version or specifier not complying with
+    PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+def parse_version(v):
+    try:
+        return packaging.version.Version(v)
+    except packaging.version.InvalidVersion:
+        return packaging.version.LegacyVersion(v)
+
+
+_state_vars = {}
+
+
+def _declare_state(vartype, **kw):
+    globals().update(kw)
+    _state_vars.update(dict.fromkeys(kw, vartype))
+
+
+def __getstate__():
+    state = {}
+    g = globals()
+    for k, v in _state_vars.items():
+        state[k] = g['_sget_' + v](g[k])
+    return state
+
+
+def __setstate__(state):
+    g = globals()
+    for k, v in state.items():
+        g['_sset_' + _state_vars[k]](k, g[k], v)
+    return state
+
+
+def _sget_dict(val):
+    return val.copy()
+
+
+def _sset_dict(key, ob, state):
+    ob.clear()
+    ob.update(state)
+
+
+def _sget_object(val):
+    return val.__getstate__()
+
+
+def _sset_object(key, ob, state):
+    ob.__setstate__(state)
+
+
+_sget_none = _sset_none = lambda *args: None
+
+
+def get_supported_platform():
+    """Return this platform's maximum compatible version.
+
+    distutils.util.get_platform() normally reports the minimum version
+    of Mac OS X that would be required to *use* extensions produced by
+    distutils.  But what we want when checking compatibility is to know the
+    version of Mac OS X that we are *running*.  To allow usage of packages that
+    explicitly require a newer version of Mac OS X, we must also know the
+    current version of the OS.
+
+    If this condition occurs for any other platform with a version in its
+    platform strings, this function should be extended accordingly.
+    """
+    plat = get_build_platform()
+    m = macosVersionString.match(plat)
+    if m is not None and sys.platform == "darwin":
+        try:
+            plat = 'macosx-%s-%s' % ('.'.join(_macosx_vers()[:2]), m.group(3))
+        except ValueError:
+            # not Mac OS X
+            pass
+    return plat
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    # Basic resource access and distribution/entry point discovery
+    'require', 'run_script', 'get_provider', 'get_distribution',
+    'load_entry_point', 'get_entry_map', 'get_entry_info',
+    'iter_entry_points',
+    'resource_string', 'resource_stream', 'resource_filename',
+    'resource_listdir', 'resource_exists', 'resource_isdir',
+
+    # Environmental control
+    'declare_namespace', 'working_set', 'add_activation_listener',
+    'find_distributions', 'set_extraction_path', 'cleanup_resources',
+    'get_default_cache',
+
+    # Primary implementation classes
+    'Environment', 'WorkingSet', 'ResourceManager',
+    'Distribution', 'Requirement', 'EntryPoint',
+
+    # Exceptions
+    'ResolutionError', 'VersionConflict', 'DistributionNotFound',
+    'UnknownExtra', 'ExtractionError',
+
+    # Warnings
+    'PEP440Warning',
+
+    # Parsing functions and string utilities
+    'parse_requirements', 'parse_version', 'safe_name', 'safe_version',
+    'get_platform', 'compatible_platforms', 'yield_lines', 'split_sections',
+    'safe_extra', 'to_filename', 'invalid_marker', 'evaluate_marker',
+
+    # filesystem utilities
+    'ensure_directory', 'normalize_path',
+
+    # Distribution "precedence" constants
+    'EGG_DIST', 'BINARY_DIST', 'SOURCE_DIST', 'CHECKOUT_DIST', 'DEVELOP_DIST',
+
+    # "Provider" interfaces, implementations, and registration/lookup APIs
+    'IMetadataProvider', 'IResourceProvider', 'FileMetadata',
+    'PathMetadata', 'EggMetadata', 'EmptyProvider', 'empty_provider',
+    'NullProvider', 'EggProvider', 'DefaultProvider', 'ZipProvider',
+    'register_finder', 'register_namespace_handler', 'register_loader_type',
+    'fixup_namespace_packages', 'get_importer',
+
+    # Warnings
+    'PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning',
+
+    # Deprecated/backward compatibility only
+    'run_main', 'AvailableDistributions',
+]
+
+
+class ResolutionError(Exception):
+    """Abstract base for dependency resolution errors"""
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + repr(self.args)
+
+
+class VersionConflict(ResolutionError):
+    """
+    An already-installed version conflicts with the requested version.
+
+    Should be initialized with the installed Distribution and the requested
+    Requirement.
+    """
+
+    _template = "{self.dist} is installed but {self.req} is required"
+
+    @property
+    def dist(self):
+        return self.args[0]
+
+    @property
+    def req(self):
+        return self.args[1]
+
+    def report(self):
+        return self._template.format(**locals())
+
+    def with_context(self, required_by):
+        """
+        If required_by is non-empty, return a version of self that is a
+        ContextualVersionConflict.
+        """
+        if not required_by:
+            return self
+        args = self.args + (required_by,)
+        return ContextualVersionConflict(*args)
+
+
+class ContextualVersionConflict(VersionConflict):
+    """
+    A VersionConflict that accepts a third parameter, the set of the
+    requirements that required the installed Distribution.
+    """
+
+    _template = VersionConflict._template + ' by {self.required_by}'
+
+    @property
+    def required_by(self):
+        return self.args[2]
+
+
+class DistributionNotFound(ResolutionError):
+    """A requested distribution was not found"""
+
+    _template = ("The '{self.req}' distribution was not found "
+                 "and is required by {self.requirers_str}")
+
+    @property
+    def req(self):
+        return self.args[0]
+
+    @property
+    def requirers(self):
+        return self.args[1]
+
+    @property
+    def requirers_str(self):
+        if not self.requirers:
+            return 'the application'
+        return ', '.join(self.requirers)
+
+    def report(self):
+        return self._template.format(**locals())
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.report()
+
+
+class UnknownExtra(ResolutionError):
+    """Distribution doesn't have an "extra feature" of the given name"""
+
+
+_provider_factories = {}
+
+PY_MAJOR = '{}.{}'.format(*sys.version_info)
+EGG_DIST = 3
+BINARY_DIST = 2
+SOURCE_DIST = 1
+CHECKOUT_DIST = 0
+DEVELOP_DIST = -1
+
+
+def register_loader_type(loader_type, provider_factory):
+    """Register `provider_factory` to make providers for `loader_type`
+
+    `loader_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 ``module.__loader__``,
+    and `provider_factory` is a function that, passed a *module* object,
+    returns an ``IResourceProvider`` for that module.
+    """
+    _provider_factories[loader_type] = provider_factory
+
+
+def get_provider(moduleOrReq):
+    """Return an IResourceProvider for the named module or requirement"""
+    if isinstance(moduleOrReq, Requirement):
+        return working_set.find(moduleOrReq) or require(str(moduleOrReq))[0]
+    try:
+        module = sys.modules[moduleOrReq]
+    except KeyError:
+        __import__(moduleOrReq)
+        module = sys.modules[moduleOrReq]
+    loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+    return _find_adapter(_provider_factories, loader)(module)
+
+
+def _macosx_vers(_cache=[]):
+    if not _cache:
+        version = platform.mac_ver()[0]
+        # fallback for MacPorts
+        if version == '':
+            plist = '/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist'
+            if os.path.exists(plist):
+                if hasattr(plistlib, 'readPlist'):
+                    plist_content = plistlib.readPlist(plist)
+                    if 'ProductVersion' in plist_content:
+                        version = plist_content['ProductVersion']
+
+        _cache.append(version.split('.'))
+    return _cache[0]
+
+
+def _macosx_arch(machine):
+    return {'PowerPC': 'ppc', 'Power_Macintosh': 'ppc'}.get(machine, machine)
+
+
+def get_build_platform():
+    """Return this platform's string for platform-specific distributions
+
+    XXX Currently this is the same as ``distutils.util.get_platform()``, but it
+    needs some hacks for Linux and Mac OS X.
+    """
+    from sysconfig import get_platform
+
+    plat = get_platform()
+    if sys.platform == "darwin" and not plat.startswith('macosx-'):
+        try:
+            version = _macosx_vers()
+            machine = os.uname()[4].replace(" ", "_")
+            return "macosx-%d.%d-%s" % (
+                int(version[0]), int(version[1]),
+                _macosx_arch(machine),
+            )
+        except ValueError:
+            # if someone is running a non-Mac darwin system, this will fall
+            # through to the default implementation
+            pass
+    return plat
+
+
+macosVersionString = re.compile(r"macosx-(\d+)\.(\d+)-(.*)")
+darwinVersionString = re.compile(r"darwin-(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)-(.*)")
+# XXX backward compat
+get_platform = get_build_platform
+
+
+def compatible_platforms(provided, required):
+    """Can code for the `provided` platform run on the `required` platform?
+
+    Returns true if either platform is ``None``, or the platforms are equal.
+
+    XXX Needs compatibility checks for Linux and other unixy OSes.
+    """
+    if provided is None or required is None or provided == required:
+        # easy case
+        return True
+
+    # Mac OS X special cases
+    reqMac = macosVersionString.match(required)
+    if reqMac:
+        provMac = macosVersionString.match(provided)
+
+        # is this a Mac package?
+        if not provMac:
+            # this is backwards compatibility for packages built before
+            # setuptools 0.6. All packages built after this point will
+            # use the new macosx designation.
+            provDarwin = darwinVersionString.match(provided)
+            if provDarwin:
+                dversion = int(provDarwin.group(1))
+                macosversion = "%s.%s" % (reqMac.group(1), reqMac.group(2))
+                if dversion == 7 and macosversion >= "10.3" or \
+                        dversion == 8 and macosversion >= "10.4":
+                    return True
+            # egg isn't macosx or legacy darwin
+            return False
+
+        # are they the same major version and machine type?
+        if provMac.group(1) != reqMac.group(1) or \
+                provMac.group(3) != reqMac.group(3):
+            return False
+
+        # is the required OS major update >= the provided one?
+        if int(provMac.group(2)) > int(reqMac.group(2)):
+            return False
+
+        return True
+
+    # XXX Linux and other platforms' special cases should go here
+    return False
+
+
+def run_script(dist_spec, script_name):
+    """Locate distribution `dist_spec` and run its `script_name` script"""
+    ns = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
+    name = ns['__name__']
+    ns.clear()
+    ns['__name__'] = name
+    require(dist_spec)[0].run_script(script_name, ns)
+
+
+# backward compatibility
+run_main = run_script
+
+
+def get_distribution(dist):
+    """Return a current distribution object for a Requirement or string"""
+    if isinstance(dist, six.string_types):
+        dist = Requirement.parse(dist)
+    if isinstance(dist, Requirement):
+        dist = get_provider(dist)
+    if not isinstance(dist, Distribution):
+        raise TypeError("Expected string, Requirement, or Distribution", dist)
+    return dist
+
+
+def load_entry_point(dist, group, name):
+    """Return `name` entry point of `group` for `dist` or raise ImportError"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
+
+
+def get_entry_map(dist, group=None):
+    """Return the entry point map for `group`, or the full entry map"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).get_entry_map(group)
+
+
+def get_entry_info(dist, group, name):
+    """Return the EntryPoint object for `group`+`name`, or ``None``"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).get_entry_info(group, name)
+
+
+class IMetadataProvider:
+    def has_metadata(name):
+        """Does the package's distribution contain the named metadata?"""
+
+    def get_metadata(name):
+        """The named metadata resource as a string"""
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(name):
+        """Yield named metadata resource as list of non-blank non-comment lines
+
+       Leading and trailing whitespace is stripped from each line, and lines
+       with ``#`` as the first non-blank character are omitted."""
+
+    def metadata_isdir(name):
+        """Is the named metadata a directory?  (like ``os.path.isdir()``)"""
+
+    def metadata_listdir(name):
+        """List of metadata names in the directory (like ``os.listdir()``)"""
+
+    def run_script(script_name, namespace):
+        """Execute the named script in the supplied namespace dictionary"""
+
+
+class IResourceProvider(IMetadataProvider):
+    """An object that provides access to package resources"""
+
+    def get_resource_filename(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a true filesystem path for `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def get_resource_stream(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a readable file-like object for `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def get_resource_string(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a string containing the contents of `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def has_resource(resource_name):
+        """Does the package contain the named resource?"""
+
+    def resource_isdir(resource_name):
+        """Is the named resource a directory?  (like ``os.path.isdir()``)"""
+
+    def resource_listdir(resource_name):
+        """List of resource names in the directory (like ``os.listdir()``)"""
+
+
+class WorkingSet:
+    """A collection of active distributions on sys.path (or a similar list)"""
+
+    def __init__(self, entries=None):
+        """Create working set from list of path entries (default=sys.path)"""
+        self.entries = []
+        self.entry_keys = {}
+        self.by_key = {}
+        self.callbacks = []
+
+        if entries is None:
+            entries = sys.path
+
+        for entry in entries:
+            self.add_entry(entry)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_master(cls):
+        """
+        Prepare the master working set.
+        """
+        ws = cls()
+        try:
+            from __main__ import __requires__
+        except ImportError:
+            # The main program does not list any requirements
+            return ws
+
+        # ensure the requirements are met
+        try:
+            ws.require(__requires__)
+        except VersionConflict:
+            return cls._build_from_requirements(__requires__)
+
+        return ws
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_from_requirements(cls, req_spec):
+        """
+        Build a working set from a requirement spec. Rewrites sys.path.
+        """
+        # try it without defaults already on sys.path
+        # by starting with an empty path
+        ws = cls([])
+        reqs = parse_requirements(req_spec)
+        dists = ws.resolve(reqs, Environment())
+        for dist in dists:
+            ws.add(dist)
+
+        # add any missing entries from sys.path
+        for entry in sys.path:
+            if entry not in ws.entries:
+                ws.add_entry(entry)
+
+        # then copy back to sys.path
+        sys.path[:] = ws.entries
+        return ws
+
+    def add_entry(self, entry):
+        """Add a path item to ``.entries``, finding any distributions on it
+
+        ``find_distributions(entry, True)`` is used to find distributions
+        corresponding to the path entry, and they are added.  `entry` is
+        always appended to ``.entries``, even if it is already present.
+        (This is because ``sys.path`` can contain the same value more than
+        once, and the ``.entries`` of the ``sys.path`` WorkingSet should always
+        equal ``sys.path``.)
+        """
+        self.entry_keys.setdefault(entry, [])
+        self.entries.append(entry)
+        for dist in find_distributions(entry, True):
+            self.add(dist, entry, False)
+
+    def __contains__(self, dist):
+        """True if `dist` is the active distribution for its project"""
+        return self.by_key.get(dist.key) == dist
+
+    def find(self, req):
+        """Find a distribution matching requirement `req`
+
+        If there is an active distribution for the requested project, this
+        returns it as long as it meets the version requirement specified by
+        `req`.  But, if there is an active distribution for the project and it
+        does *not* meet the `req` requirement, ``VersionConflict`` is raised.
+        If there is no active distribution for the requested project, ``None``
+        is returned.
+        """
+        dist = self.by_key.get(req.key)
+        if dist is not None and dist not in req:
+            # XXX add more info
+            raise VersionConflict(dist, req)
+        return dist
+
+    def iter_entry_points(self, group, name=None):
+        """Yield entry point objects from `group` matching `name`
+
+        If `name` is None, yields all entry points in `group` from all
+        distributions in the working set, otherwise only ones matching
+        both `group` and `name` are yielded (in distribution order).
+        """
+        return (
+            entry
+            for dist in self
+            for entry in dist.get_entry_map(group).values()
+            if name is None or name == entry.name
+        )
+
+    def run_script(self, requires, script_name):
+        """Locate distribution for `requires` and run `script_name` script"""
+        ns = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
+        name = ns['__name__']
+        ns.clear()
+        ns['__name__'] = name
+        self.require(requires)[0].run_script(script_name, ns)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield distributions for non-duplicate projects in the working set
+
+        The yield order is the order in which the items' path entries were
+        added to the working set.
+        """
+        seen = {}
+        for item in self.entries:
+            if item not in self.entry_keys:
+                # workaround a cache issue
+                continue
+
+            for key in self.entry_keys[item]:
+                if key not in seen:
+                    seen[key] = 1
+                    yield self.by_key[key]
+
+    def add(self, dist, entry=None, insert=True, replace=False):
+        """Add `dist` to working set, associated with `entry`
+
+        If `entry` is unspecified, it defaults to the ``.location`` of `dist`.
+        On exit from this routine, `entry` is added to the end of the working
+        set's ``.entries`` (if it wasn't already present).
+
+        `dist` is only added to the working set if it's for a project that
+        doesn't already have a distribution in the set, unless `replace=True`.
+        If it's added, any callbacks registered with the ``subscribe()`` method
+        will be called.
+        """
+        if insert:
+            dist.insert_on(self.entries, entry, replace=replace)
+
+        if entry is None:
+            entry = dist.location
+        keys = self.entry_keys.setdefault(entry, [])
+        keys2 = self.entry_keys.setdefault(dist.location, [])
+        if not replace and dist.key in self.by_key:
+            # ignore hidden distros
+            return
+
+        self.by_key[dist.key] = dist
+        if dist.key not in keys:
+            keys.append(dist.key)
+        if dist.key not in keys2:
+            keys2.append(dist.key)
+        self._added_new(dist)
+
+    def resolve(self, requirements, env=None, installer=None,
+                replace_conflicting=False, extras=None):
+        """List all distributions needed to (recursively) meet `requirements`
+
+        `requirements` must be a sequence of ``Requirement`` objects.  `env`,
+        if supplied, should be an ``Environment`` instance.  If
+        not supplied, it defaults to all distributions available within any
+        entry or distribution in the working set.  `installer`, if supplied,
+        will be invoked with each requirement that cannot be met by an
+        already-installed distribution; it should return a ``Distribution`` or
+        ``None``.
+
+        Unless `replace_conflicting=True`, raises a VersionConflict exception
+        if
+        any requirements are found on the path that have the correct name but
+        the wrong version.  Otherwise, if an `installer` is supplied it will be
+        invoked to obtain the correct version of the requirement and activate
+        it.
+
+        `extras` is a list of the extras to be used with these requirements.
+        This is important because extra requirements may look like `my_req;
+        extra = "my_extra"`, which would otherwise be interpreted as a purely
+        optional requirement.  Instead, we want to be able to assert that these
+        requirements are truly required.
+        """
+
+        # set up the stack
+        requirements = list(requirements)[::-1]
+        # set of processed requirements
+        processed = {}
+        # key -> dist
+        best = {}
+        to_activate = []
+
+        req_extras = _ReqExtras()
+
+        # Mapping of requirement to set of distributions that required it;
+        # useful for reporting info about conflicts.
+        required_by = collections.defaultdict(set)
+
+        while requirements:
+            # process dependencies breadth-first
+            req = requirements.pop(0)
+            if req in processed:
+                # Ignore cyclic or redundant dependencies
+                continue
+
+            if not req_extras.markers_pass(req, extras):
+                continue
+
+            dist = best.get(req.key)
+            if dist is None:
+                # Find the best distribution and add it to the map
+                dist = self.by_key.get(req.key)
+                if dist is None or (dist not in req and replace_conflicting):
+                    ws = self
+                    if env is None:
+                        if dist is None:
+                            env = Environment(self.entries)
+                        else:
+                            # Use an empty environment and workingset to avoid
+                            # any further conflicts with the conflicting
+                            # distribution
+                            env = Environment([])
+                            ws = WorkingSet([])
+                    dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(
+                        req, ws, installer,
+                        replace_conflicting=replace_conflicting
+                    )
+                    if dist is None:
+                        requirers = required_by.get(req, None)
+                        raise DistributionNotFound(req, requirers)
+                to_activate.append(dist)
+            if dist not in req:
+                # Oops, the "best" so far conflicts with a dependency
+                dependent_req = required_by[req]
+                raise VersionConflict(dist, req).with_context(dependent_req)
+
+            # push the new requirements onto the stack
+            new_requirements = dist.requires(req.extras)[::-1]
+            requirements.extend(new_requirements)
+
+            # Register the new requirements needed by req
+            for new_requirement in new_requirements:
+                required_by[new_requirement].add(req.project_name)
+                req_extras[new_requirement] = req.extras
+
+            processed[req] = True
+
+        # return list of distros to activate
+        return to_activate
+
+    def find_plugins(
+            self, plugin_env, full_env=None, installer=None, fallback=True):
+        """Find all activatable distributions in `plugin_env`
+
+        Example usage::
+
+            distributions, errors = working_set.find_plugins(
+                Environment(plugin_dirlist)
+            )
+            # add plugins+libs to sys.path
+            map(working_set.add, distributions)
+            # display errors
+            print('Could not load', errors)
+
+        The `plugin_env` should be an ``Environment`` instance that contains
+        only distributions that are in the project's "plugin directory" or
+        directories. The `full_env`, if supplied, should be an ``Environment``
+        contains all currently-available distributions.  If `full_env` is not
+        supplied, one is created automatically from the ``WorkingSet`` this
+        method is called on, which will typically mean that every directory on
+        ``sys.path`` will be scanned for distributions.
+
+        `installer` is a standard installer callback as used by the
+        ``resolve()`` method. The `fallback` flag indicates whether we should
+        attempt to resolve older versions of a plugin if the newest version
+        cannot be resolved.
+
+        This method returns a 2-tuple: (`distributions`, `error_info`), where
+        `distributions` is a list of the distributions found in `plugin_env`
+        that were loadable, along with any other distributions that are needed
+        to resolve their dependencies.  `error_info` is a dictionary mapping
+        unloadable plugin distributions to an exception instance describing the
+        error that occurred. Usually this will be a ``DistributionNotFound`` or
+        ``VersionConflict`` instance.
+        """
+
+        plugin_projects = list(plugin_env)
+        # scan project names in alphabetic order
+        plugin_projects.sort()
+
+        error_info = {}
+        distributions = {}
+
+        if full_env is None:
+            env = Environment(self.entries)
+            env += plugin_env
+        else:
+            env = full_env + plugin_env
+
+        shadow_set = self.__class__([])
+        # put all our entries in shadow_set
+        list(map(shadow_set.add, self))
+
+        for project_name in plugin_projects:
+
+            for dist in plugin_env[project_name]:
+
+                req = [dist.as_requirement()]
+
+                try:
+                    resolvees = shadow_set.resolve(req, env, installer)
+
+                except ResolutionError as v:
+                    # save error info
+                    error_info[dist] = v
+                    if fallback:
+                        # try the next older version of project
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        # give up on this project, keep going
+                        break
+
+                else:
+                    list(map(shadow_set.add, resolvees))
+                    distributions.update(dict.fromkeys(resolvees))
+
+                    # success, no need to try any more versions of this project
+                    break
+
+        distributions = list(distributions)
+        distributions.sort()
+
+        return distributions, error_info
+
+    def require(self, *requirements):
+        """Ensure that distributions matching `requirements` are activated
+
+        `requirements` must be a string or a (possibly-nested) sequence
+        thereof, specifying the distributions and versions required.  The
+        return value is a sequence of the distributions that needed to be
+        activated to fulfill the requirements; all relevant distributions are
+        included, even if they were already activated in this working set.
+        """
+        needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
+
+        for dist in needed:
+            self.add(dist)
+
+        return needed
+
+    def subscribe(self, callback, existing=True):
+        """Invoke `callback` for all distributions
+
+        If `existing=True` (default),
+        call on all existing ones, as well.
+        """
+        if callback in self.callbacks:
+            return
+        self.callbacks.append(callback)
+        if not existing:
+            return
+        for dist in self:
+            callback(dist)
+
+    def _added_new(self, dist):
+        for callback in self.callbacks:
+            callback(dist)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return (
+            self.entries[:], self.entry_keys.copy(), self.by_key.copy(),
+            self.callbacks[:]
+        )
+
+    def __setstate__(self, e_k_b_c):
+        entries, keys, by_key, callbacks = e_k_b_c
+        self.entries = entries[:]
+        self.entry_keys = keys.copy()
+        self.by_key = by_key.copy()
+        self.callbacks = callbacks[:]
+
+
+class _ReqExtras(dict):
+    """
+    Map each requirement to the extras that demanded it.
+    """
+
+    def markers_pass(self, req, extras=None):
+        """
+        Evaluate markers for req against each extra that
+        demanded it.
+
+        Return False if the req has a marker and fails
+        evaluation. Otherwise, return True.
+        """
+        extra_evals = (
+            req.marker.evaluate({'extra': extra})
+            for extra in self.get(req, ()) + (extras or (None,))
+        )
+        return not req.marker or any(extra_evals)
+
+
+class Environment:
+    """Searchable snapshot of distributions on a search path"""
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, search_path=None, platform=get_supported_platform(),
+            python=PY_MAJOR):
+        """Snapshot distributions available on a search path
+
+        Any distributions found on `search_path` are added to the environment.
+        `search_path` should be a sequence of ``sys.path`` items.  If not
+        supplied, ``sys.path`` is used.
+
+        `platform` is an optional string specifying the name of the platform
+        that platform-specific distributions must be compatible with.  If
+        unspecified, it defaults to the current platform.  `python` is an
+        optional string naming the desired version of Python (e.g. ``'3.6'``);
+        it defaults to the current version.
+
+        You may explicitly set `platform` (and/or `python`) to ``None`` if you
+        wish to map *all* distributions, not just those compatible with the
+        running platform or Python version.
+        """
+        self._distmap = {}
+        self.platform = platform
+        self.python = python
+        self.scan(search_path)
+
+    def can_add(self, dist):
+        """Is distribution `dist` acceptable for this environment?
+
+        The distribution must match the platform and python version
+        requirements specified when this environment was created, or False
+        is returned.
+        """
+        py_compat = (
+            self.python is None
+            or dist.py_version is None
+            or dist.py_version == self.python
+        )
+        return py_compat and compatible_platforms(dist.platform, self.platform)
+
+    def remove(self, dist):
+        """Remove `dist` from the environment"""
+        self._distmap[dist.key].remove(dist)
+
+    def scan(self, search_path=None):
+        """Scan `search_path` for distributions usable in this environment
+
+        Any distributions found are added to the environment.
+        `search_path` should be a sequence of ``sys.path`` items.  If not
+        supplied, ``sys.path`` is used.  Only distributions conforming to
+        the platform/python version defined at initialization are added.
+        """
+        if search_path is None:
+            search_path = sys.path
+
+        for item in search_path:
+            for dist in find_distributions(item):
+                self.add(dist)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, project_name):
+        """Return a newest-to-oldest list of distributions for `project_name`
+
+        Uses case-insensitive `project_name` comparison, assuming all the
+        project's distributions use their project's name converted to all
+        lowercase as their key.
+
+        """
+        distribution_key = project_name.lower()
+        return self._distmap.get(distribution_key, [])
+
+    def add(self, dist):
+        """Add `dist` if we ``can_add()`` it and it has not already been added
+        """
+        if self.can_add(dist) and dist.has_version():
+            dists = self._distmap.setdefault(dist.key, [])
+            if dist not in dists:
+                dists.append(dist)
+                dists.sort(key=operator.attrgetter('hashcmp'), reverse=True)
+
+    def best_match(
+            self, req, working_set, installer=None, replace_conflicting=False):
+        """Find distribution best matching `req` and usable on `working_set`
+
+        This calls the ``find(req)`` method of the `working_set` to see if a
+        suitable distribution is already active.  (This may raise
+        ``VersionConflict`` if an unsuitable version of the project is already
+        active in the specified `working_set`.)  If a suitable distribution
+        isn't active, this method returns the newest distribution in the
+        environment that meets the ``Requirement`` in `req`.  If no suitable
+        distribution is found, and `installer` is supplied, then the result of
+        calling the environment's ``obtain(req, installer)`` method will be
+        returned.
+        """
+        try:
+            dist = working_set.find(req)
+        except VersionConflict:
+            if not replace_conflicting:
+                raise
+            dist = None
+        if dist is not None:
+            return dist
+        for dist in self[req.key]:
+            if dist in req:
+                return dist
+        # try to download/install
+        return self.obtain(req, installer)
+
+    def obtain(self, requirement, installer=None):
+        """Obtain a distribution matching `requirement` (e.g. via download)
+
+        Obtain a distro that matches requirement (e.g. via download).  In the
+        base ``Environment`` class, this routine just returns
+        ``installer(requirement)``, unless `installer` is None, in which case
+        None is returned instead.  This method is a hook that allows subclasses
+        to attempt other ways of obtaining a distribution before falling back
+        to the `installer` argument."""
+        if installer is not None:
+            return installer(requirement)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield the unique project names of the available distributions"""
+        for key in self._distmap.keys():
+            if self[key]:
+                yield key
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        """In-place addition of a distribution or environment"""
+        if isinstance(other, Distribution):
+            self.add(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, Environment):
+            for project in other:
+                for dist in other[project]:
+                    self.add(dist)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Can't add %r to environment" % (other,))
+        return self
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        """Add an environment or distribution to an environment"""
+        new = self.__class__([], platform=None, python=None)
+        for env in self, other:
+            new += env
+        return new
+
+
+# XXX backward compatibility
+AvailableDistributions = Environment
+
+
+class ExtractionError(RuntimeError):
+    """An error occurred extracting a resource
+
+    The following attributes are available from instances of this exception:
+
+    manager
+        The resource manager that raised this exception
+
+    cache_path
+        The base directory for resource extraction
+
+    original_error
+        The exception instance that caused extraction to fail
+    """
+
+
+class ResourceManager:
+    """Manage resource extraction and packages"""
+    extraction_path = None
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.cached_files = {}
+
+    def resource_exists(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Does the named resource exist?"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).has_resource(resource_name)
+
+    def resource_isdir(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Is the named resource an existing directory?"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).resource_isdir(
+            resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_filename(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return a true filesystem path for specified resource"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_filename(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_stream(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return a readable file-like object for specified resource"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_stream(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_string(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return specified resource as a string"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_string(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_listdir(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """List the contents of the named resource directory"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).resource_listdir(
+            resource_name
+        )
+
+    def extraction_error(self):
+        """Give an error message for problems extracting file(s)"""
+
+        old_exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+        cache_path = self.extraction_path or get_default_cache()
+
+        tmpl = textwrap.dedent("""
+            Can't extract file(s) to egg cache
+
+            The following error occurred while trying to extract file(s)
+            to the Python egg cache:
+
+              {old_exc}
+
+            The Python egg cache directory is currently set to:
+
+              {cache_path}
+
+            Perhaps your account does not have write access to this directory?
+            You can change the cache directory by setting the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE
+            environment variable to point to an accessible directory.
+            """).lstrip()
+        err = ExtractionError(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+        err.manager = self
+        err.cache_path = cache_path
+        err.original_error = old_exc
+        raise err
+
+    def get_cache_path(self, archive_name, names=()):
+        """Return absolute location in cache for `archive_name` and `names`
+
+        The parent directory of the resulting path will be created if it does
+        not already exist.  `archive_name` should be the base filename of the
+        enclosing egg (which may not be the name of the enclosing zipfile!),
+        including its ".egg" extension.  `names`, if provided, should be a
+        sequence of path name parts "under" the egg's extraction location.
+
+        This method should only be called by resource providers that need to
+        obtain an extraction location, and only for names they intend to
+        extract, as it tracks the generated names for possible cleanup later.
+        """
+        extract_path = self.extraction_path or get_default_cache()
+        target_path = os.path.join(extract_path, archive_name + '-tmp', *names)
+        try:
+            _bypass_ensure_directory(target_path)
+        except Exception:
+            self.extraction_error()
+
+        self._warn_unsafe_extraction_path(extract_path)
+
+        self.cached_files[target_path] = 1
+        return target_path
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _warn_unsafe_extraction_path(path):
+        """
+        If the default extraction path is overridden and set to an insecure
+        location, such as /tmp, it opens up an opportunity for an attacker to
+        replace an extracted file with an unauthorized payload. Warn the user
+        if a known insecure location is used.
+
+        See Distribute #375 for more details.
+        """
+        if os.name == 'nt' and not path.startswith(os.environ['windir']):
+            # On Windows, permissions are generally restrictive by default
+            #  and temp directories are not writable by other users, so
+            #  bypass the warning.
+            return
+        mode = os.stat(path).st_mode
+        if mode & stat.S_IWOTH or mode & stat.S_IWGRP:
+            msg = (
+                "%s is writable by group/others and vulnerable to attack "
+                "when "
+                "used with get_resource_filename. Consider a more secure "
+                "location (set with .set_extraction_path or the "
+                "PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment variable)." % path
+            )
+            warnings.warn(msg, UserWarning)
+
+    def postprocess(self, tempname, filename):
+        """Perform any platform-specific postprocessing of `tempname`
+
+        This is where Mac header rewrites should be done; other platforms don't
+        have anything special they should do.
+
+        Resource providers should call this method ONLY after successfully
+        extracting a compressed resource.  They must NOT call it on resources
+        that are already in the filesystem.
+
+        `tempname` is the current (temporary) name of the file, and `filename`
+        is the name it will be renamed to by the caller after this routine
+        returns.
+        """
+
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            # Make the resource executable
+            mode = ((os.stat(tempname).st_mode) | 0o555) & 0o7777
+            os.chmod(tempname, mode)
+
+    def set_extraction_path(self, path):
+        """Set the base path where resources will be extracted to, if needed.
+
+        If you do not call this routine before any extractions take place, the
+        path defaults to the return value of ``get_default_cache()``.  (Which
+        is based on the ``PYTHON_EGG_CACHE`` environment variable, with various
+        platform-specific fallbacks.  See that routine's documentation for more
+        details.)
+
+        Resources are extracted to subdirectories of this path based upon
+        information given by the ``IResourceProvider``.  You may set this to a
+        temporary directory, but then you must call ``cleanup_resources()`` to
+        delete the extracted files when done.  There is no guarantee that
+        ``cleanup_resources()`` will be able to remove all extracted files.
+
+        (Note: you may not change the extraction path for a given resource
+        manager once resources have been extracted, unless you first call
+        ``cleanup_resources()``.)
+        """
+        if self.cached_files:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Can't change extraction path, files already extracted"
+            )
+
+        self.extraction_path = path
+
+    def cleanup_resources(self, force=False):
+        """
+        Delete all extracted resource files and directories, returning a list
+        of the file and directory names that could not be successfully removed.
+        This function does not have any concurrency protection, so it should
+        generally only be called when the extraction path is a temporary
+        directory exclusive to a single process.  This method is not
+        automatically called; you must call it explicitly or register it as an
+        ``atexit`` function if you wish to ensure cleanup of a temporary
+        directory used for extractions.
+        """
+        # XXX
+
+
+def get_default_cache():
+    """
+    Return the ``PYTHON_EGG_CACHE`` environment variable
+    or a platform-relevant user cache dir for an app
+    named "Python-Eggs".
+    """
+    return (
+        os.environ.get('PYTHON_EGG_CACHE')
+        or platformdirs.user_cache_dir(appname='Python-Eggs')
+    )
+
+
+def safe_name(name):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard distribution name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric/. characters are replaced with a single '-'.
+    """
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', name)
+
+
+def safe_version(version):
+    """
+    Convert an arbitrary string to a standard version string
+    """
+    try:
+        # normalize the version
+        return str(packaging.version.Version(version))
+    except packaging.version.InvalidVersion:
+        version = version.replace(' ', '.')
+        return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', version)
+
+
+def safe_extra(extra):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard 'extra' name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric characters are replaced with a single '_',
+    and the result is always lowercased.
+    """
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.-]+', '_', extra).lower()
+
+
+def to_filename(name):
+    """Convert a project or version name to its filename-escaped form
+
+    Any '-' characters are currently replaced with '_'.
+    """
+    return name.replace('-', '_')
+
+
+def invalid_marker(text):
+    """
+    Validate text as a PEP 508 environment marker; return an exception
+    if invalid or False otherwise.
+    """
+    try:
+        evaluate_marker(text)
+    except SyntaxError as e:
+        e.filename = None
+        e.lineno = None
+        return e
+    return False
+
+
+def evaluate_marker(text, extra=None):
+    """
+    Evaluate a PEP 508 environment marker.
+    Return a boolean indicating the marker result in this environment.
+    Raise SyntaxError if marker is invalid.
+
+    This implementation uses the 'pyparsing' module.
+    """
+    try:
+        marker = packaging.markers.Marker(text)
+        return marker.evaluate()
+    except packaging.markers.InvalidMarker as e:
+        raise SyntaxError(e)
+
+
+class NullProvider:
+    """Try to implement resources and metadata for arbitrary PEP 302 loaders"""
+
+    egg_name = None
+    egg_info = None
+    loader = None
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        self.loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+        self.module_path = os.path.dirname(getattr(module, '__file__', ''))
+
+    def get_resource_filename(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name)
+
+    def get_resource_stream(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return io.BytesIO(self.get_resource_string(manager, resource_name))
+
+    def get_resource_string(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return self._get(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def has_resource(self, resource_name):
+        return self._has(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def _get_metadata_path(self, name):
+        return self._fn(self.egg_info, name)
+
+    def has_metadata(self, name):
+        if not self.egg_info:
+            return self.egg_info
+
+        path = self._get_metadata_path(name)
+        return self._has(path)
+
+    def get_metadata(self, name):
+        if not self.egg_info:
+            return ""
+        path = self._get_metadata_path(name)
+        value = self._get(path)
+        if six.PY2:
+            return value
+        try:
+            return value.decode('utf-8')
+        except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+            # Include the path in the error message to simplify
+            # troubleshooting, and without changing the exception type.
+            exc.reason += ' in {} file at path: {}'.format(name, path)
+            raise
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(self, name):
+        return yield_lines(self.get_metadata(name))
+
+    def resource_isdir(self, resource_name):
+        return self._isdir(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def metadata_isdir(self, name):
+        return self.egg_info and self._isdir(self._fn(self.egg_info, name))
+
+    def resource_listdir(self, resource_name):
+        return self._listdir(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def metadata_listdir(self, name):
+        if self.egg_info:
+            return self._listdir(self._fn(self.egg_info, name))
+        return []
+
+    def run_script(self, script_name, namespace):
+        script = 'scripts/' + script_name
+        if not self.has_metadata(script):
+            raise ResolutionError(
+                "Script {script!r} not found in metadata at {self.egg_info!r}"
+                .format(**locals()),
+            )
+        script_text = self.get_metadata(script).replace('\r\n', '\n')
+        script_text = script_text.replace('\r', '\n')
+        script_filename = self._fn(self.egg_info, script)
+        namespace['__file__'] = script_filename
+        if os.path.exists(script_filename):
+            source = open(script_filename).read()
+            code = compile(source, script_filename, 'exec')
+            exec(code, namespace, namespace)
+        else:
+            from linecache import cache
+            cache[script_filename] = (
+                len(script_text), 0, script_text.split('\n'), script_filename
+            )
+            script_code = compile(script_text, script_filename, 'exec')
+            exec(script_code, namespace, namespace)
+
+    def _has(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _isdir(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _fn(self, base, resource_name):
+        self._validate_resource_path(resource_name)
+        if resource_name:
+            return os.path.join(base, *resource_name.split('/'))
+        return base
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _validate_resource_path(path):
+        """
+        Validate the resource paths according to the docs.
+        https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html#basic-resource-access
+
+        >>> warned = getfixture('recwarn')
+        >>> warnings.simplefilter('always')
+        >>> vrp = NullProvider._validate_resource_path
+        >>> vrp('foo/bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        False
+        >>> vrp('../foo/bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        True
+        >>> warned.clear()
+        >>> vrp('/foo/bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        True
+        >>> vrp('foo/../../bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        True
+        >>> warned.clear()
+        >>> vrp('foo/f../bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        False
+
+        Windows path separators are straight-up disallowed.
+        >>> vrp(r'\\foo/bar.txt')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: Use of .. or absolute path in a resource path \
+is not allowed.
+
+        >>> vrp(r'C:\\foo/bar.txt')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: Use of .. or absolute path in a resource path \
+is not allowed.
+
+        Blank values are allowed
+
+        >>> vrp('')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        False
+
+        Non-string values are not.
+
+        >>> vrp(None)
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        AttributeError: ...
+        """
+        invalid = (
+            os.path.pardir in path.split(posixpath.sep) or
+            posixpath.isabs(path) or
+            ntpath.isabs(path)
+        )
+        if not invalid:
+            return
+
+        msg = "Use of .. or absolute path in a resource path is not allowed."
+
+        # Aggressively disallow Windows absolute paths
+        if ntpath.isabs(path) and not posixpath.isabs(path):
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        # for compatibility, warn; in future
+        # raise ValueError(msg)
+        warnings.warn(
+            msg[:-1] + " and will raise exceptions in a future release.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=4,
+        )
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        if hasattr(self.loader, 'get_data'):
+            return self.loader.get_data(path)
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for loaders without 'get_data()'"
+        )
+
+
+register_loader_type(object, NullProvider)
+
+
+class EggProvider(NullProvider):
+    """Provider based on a virtual filesystem"""
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        NullProvider.__init__(self, module)
+        self._setup_prefix()
+
+    def _setup_prefix(self):
+        # we assume here that our metadata may be nested inside a "basket"
+        # of multiple eggs; that's why we use module_path instead of .archive
+        path = self.module_path
+        old = None
+        while path != old:
+            if _is_egg_path(path):
+                self.egg_name = os.path.basename(path)
+                self.egg_info = os.path.join(path, 'EGG-INFO')
+                self.egg_root = path
+                break
+            old = path
+            path, base = os.path.split(path)
+
+
+class DefaultProvider(EggProvider):
+    """Provides access to package resources in the filesystem"""
+
+    def _has(self, path):
+        return os.path.exists(path)
+
+    def _isdir(self, path):
+        return os.path.isdir(path)
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        return os.listdir(path)
+
+    def get_resource_stream(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return open(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name), 'rb')
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        with open(path, 'rb') as stream:
+            return stream.read()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _register(cls):
+        loader_names = 'SourceFileLoader', 'SourcelessFileLoader',
+        for name in loader_names:
+            loader_cls = getattr(importlib_machinery, name, type(None))
+            register_loader_type(loader_cls, cls)
+
+
+DefaultProvider._register()
+
+
+class EmptyProvider(NullProvider):
+    """Provider that returns nothing for all requests"""
+
+    module_path = None
+
+    _isdir = _has = lambda self, path: False
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        return ''
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        return []
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+
+empty_provider = EmptyProvider()
+
+
+class ZipManifests(dict):
+    """
+    zip manifest builder
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def build(cls, path):
+        """
+        Build a dictionary similar to the zipimport directory
+        caches, except instead of tuples, store ZipInfo objects.
+
+        Use a platform-specific path separator (os.sep) for the path keys
+        for compatibility with pypy on Windows.
+        """
+        with zipfile.ZipFile(path) as zfile:
+            items = (
+                (
+                    name.replace('/', os.sep),
+                    zfile.getinfo(name),
+                )
+                for name in zfile.namelist()
+            )
+            return dict(items)
+
+    load = build
+
+
+class MemoizedZipManifests(ZipManifests):
+    """
+    Memoized zipfile manifests.
+    """
+    manifest_mod = collections.namedtuple('manifest_mod', 'manifest mtime')
+
+    def load(self, path):
+        """
+        Load a manifest at path or return a suitable manifest already loaded.
+        """
+        path = os.path.normpath(path)
+        mtime = os.stat(path).st_mtime
+
+        if path not in self or self[path].mtime != mtime:
+            manifest = self.build(path)
+            self[path] = self.manifest_mod(manifest, mtime)
+
+        return self[path].manifest
+
+
+class ZipProvider(EggProvider):
+    """Resource support for zips and eggs"""
+
+    eagers = None
+    _zip_manifests = MemoizedZipManifests()
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        EggProvider.__init__(self, module)
+        self.zip_pre = self.loader.archive + os.sep
+
+    def _zipinfo_name(self, fspath):
+        # Convert a virtual filename (full path to file) into a zipfile subpath
+        # usable with the zipimport directory cache for our target archive
+        fspath = fspath.rstrip(os.sep)
+        if fspath == self.loader.archive:
+            return ''
+        if fspath.startswith(self.zip_pre):
+            return fspath[len(self.zip_pre):]
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "%s is not a subpath of %s" % (fspath, self.zip_pre)
+        )
+
+    def _parts(self, zip_path):
+        # Convert a zipfile subpath into an egg-relative path part list.
+        # pseudo-fs path
+        fspath = self.zip_pre + zip_path
+        if fspath.startswith(self.egg_root + os.sep):
+            return fspath[len(self.egg_root) + 1:].split(os.sep)
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "%s is not a subpath of %s" % (fspath, self.egg_root)
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def zipinfo(self):
+        return self._zip_manifests.load(self.loader.archive)
+
+    def get_resource_filename(self, manager, resource_name):
+        if not self.egg_name:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "resource_filename() only supported for .egg, not .zip"
+            )
+        # no need to lock for extraction, since we use temp names
+        zip_path = self._resource_to_zip(resource_name)
+        eagers = self._get_eager_resources()
+        if '/'.join(self._parts(zip_path)) in eagers:
+            for name in eagers:
+                self._extract_resource(manager, self._eager_to_zip(name))
+        return self._extract_resource(manager, zip_path)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_date_and_size(zip_stat):
+        size = zip_stat.file_size
+        # ymdhms+wday, yday, dst
+        date_time = zip_stat.date_time + (0, 0, -1)
+        # 1980 offset already done
+        timestamp = time.mktime(date_time)
+        return timestamp, size
+
+    def _extract_resource(self, manager, zip_path):
+
+        if zip_path in self._index():
+            for name in self._index()[zip_path]:
+                last = self._extract_resource(
+                    manager, os.path.join(zip_path, name)
+                )
+            # return the extracted directory name
+            return os.path.dirname(last)
+
+        timestamp, size = self._get_date_and_size(self.zipinfo[zip_path])
+
+        if not WRITE_SUPPORT:
+            raise IOError('"os.rename" and "os.unlink" are not supported '
+                          'on this platform')
+        try:
+
+            real_path = manager.get_cache_path(
+                self.egg_name, self._parts(zip_path)
+            )
+
+            if self._is_current(real_path, zip_path):
+                return real_path
+
+            outf, tmpnam = _mkstemp(
+                ".$extract",
+                dir=os.path.dirname(real_path),
+            )
+            os.write(outf, self.loader.get_data(zip_path))
+            os.close(outf)
+            utime(tmpnam, (timestamp, timestamp))
+            manager.postprocess(tmpnam, real_path)
+
+            try:
+                rename(tmpnam, real_path)
+
+            except os.error:
+                if os.path.isfile(real_path):
+                    if self._is_current(real_path, zip_path):
+                        # the file became current since it was checked above,
+                        #  so proceed.
+                        return real_path
+                    # Windows, del old file and retry
+                    elif os.name == 'nt':
+                        unlink(real_path)
+                        rename(tmpnam, real_path)
+                        return real_path
+                raise
+
+        except os.error:
+            # report a user-friendly error
+            manager.extraction_error()
+
+        return real_path
+
+    def _is_current(self, file_path, zip_path):
+        """
+        Return True if the file_path is current for this zip_path
+        """
+        timestamp, size = self._get_date_and_size(self.zipinfo[zip_path])
+        if not os.path.isfile(file_path):
+            return False
+        stat = os.stat(file_path)
+        if stat.st_size != size or stat.st_mtime != timestamp:
+            return False
+        # check that the contents match
+        zip_contents = self.loader.get_data(zip_path)
+        with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
+            file_contents = f.read()
+        return zip_contents == file_contents
+
+    def _get_eager_resources(self):
+        if self.eagers is None:
+            eagers = []
+            for name in ('native_libs.txt', 'eager_resources.txt'):
+                if self.has_metadata(name):
+                    eagers.extend(self.get_metadata_lines(name))
+            self.eagers = eagers
+        return self.eagers
+
+    def _index(self):
+        try:
+            return self._dirindex
+        except AttributeError:
+            ind = {}
+            for path in self.zipinfo:
+                parts = path.split(os.sep)
+                while parts:
+                    parent = os.sep.join(parts[:-1])
+                    if parent in ind:
+                        ind[parent].append(parts[-1])
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        ind[parent] = [parts.pop()]
+            self._dirindex = ind
+            return ind
+
+    def _has(self, fspath):
+        zip_path = self._zipinfo_name(fspath)
+        return zip_path in self.zipinfo or zip_path in self._index()
+
+    def _isdir(self, fspath):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(fspath) in self._index()
+
+    def _listdir(self, fspath):
+        return list(self._index().get(self._zipinfo_name(fspath), ()))
+
+    def _eager_to_zip(self, resource_name):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(self._fn(self.egg_root, resource_name))
+
+    def _resource_to_zip(self, resource_name):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+
+register_loader_type(zipimport.zipimporter, ZipProvider)
+
+
+class FileMetadata(EmptyProvider):
+    """Metadata handler for standalone PKG-INFO files
+
+    Usage::
+
+        metadata = FileMetadata("/path/to/PKG-INFO")
+
+    This provider rejects all data and metadata requests except for PKG-INFO,
+    which is treated as existing, and will be the contents of the file at
+    the provided location.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path):
+        self.path = path
+
+    def _get_metadata_path(self, name):
+        return self.path
+
+    def has_metadata(self, name):
+        return name == 'PKG-INFO' and os.path.isfile(self.path)
+
+    def get_metadata(self, name):
+        if name != 'PKG-INFO':
+            raise KeyError("No metadata except PKG-INFO is available")
+
+        with io.open(self.path, encoding='utf-8', errors="replace") as f:
+            metadata = f.read()
+        self._warn_on_replacement(metadata)
+        return metadata
+
+    def _warn_on_replacement(self, metadata):
+        # Python 2.7 compat for: replacement_char = '�'
+        replacement_char = b'\xef\xbf\xbd'.decode('utf-8')
+        if replacement_char in metadata:
+            tmpl = "{self.path} could not be properly decoded in UTF-8"
+            msg = tmpl.format(**locals())
+            warnings.warn(msg)
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(self, name):
+        return yield_lines(self.get_metadata(name))
+
+
+class PathMetadata(DefaultProvider):
+    """Metadata provider for egg directories
+
+    Usage::
+
+        # Development eggs:
+
+        egg_info = "/path/to/PackageName.egg-info"
+        base_dir = os.path.dirname(egg_info)
+        metadata = PathMetadata(base_dir, egg_info)
+        dist_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(egg_info))[0]
+        dist = Distribution(basedir, project_name=dist_name, metadata=metadata)
+
+        # Unpacked egg directories:
+
+        egg_path = "/path/to/PackageName-ver-pyver-etc.egg"
+        metadata = PathMetadata(egg_path, os.path.join(egg_path,'EGG-INFO'))
+        dist = Distribution.from_filename(egg_path, metadata=metadata)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path, egg_info):
+        self.module_path = path
+        self.egg_info = egg_info
+
+
+class EggMetadata(ZipProvider):
+    """Metadata provider for .egg files"""
+
+    def __init__(self, importer):
+        """Create a metadata provider from a zipimporter"""
+
+        self.zip_pre = importer.archive + os.sep
+        self.loader = importer
+        if importer.prefix:
+            self.module_path = os.path.join(importer.archive, importer.prefix)
+        else:
+            self.module_path = importer.archive
+        self._setup_prefix()
+
+
+_declare_state('dict', _distribution_finders={})
+
+
+def register_finder(importer_type, distribution_finder):
+    """Register `distribution_finder` to find distributions in sys.path items
+
+    `importer_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 "Importer" (sys.path item
+    handler), and `distribution_finder` is a callable that, passed a path
+    item and the importer instance, yields ``Distribution`` instances found on
+    that path item.  See ``pkg_resources.find_on_path`` for an example."""
+    _distribution_finders[importer_type] = distribution_finder
+
+
+def find_distributions(path_item, only=False):
+    """Yield distributions accessible via `path_item`"""
+    importer = get_importer(path_item)
+    finder = _find_adapter(_distribution_finders, importer)
+    return finder(importer, path_item, only)
+
+
+def find_eggs_in_zip(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    """
+    Find eggs in zip files; possibly multiple nested eggs.
+    """
+    if importer.archive.endswith('.whl'):
+        # wheels are not supported with this finder
+        # they don't have PKG-INFO metadata, and won't ever contain eggs
+        return
+    metadata = EggMetadata(importer)
+    if metadata.has_metadata('PKG-INFO'):
+        yield Distribution.from_filename(path_item, metadata=metadata)
+    if only:
+        # don't yield nested distros
+        return
+    for subitem in metadata.resource_listdir(''):
+        if _is_egg_path(subitem):
+            subpath = os.path.join(path_item, subitem)
+            dists = find_eggs_in_zip(zipimport.zipimporter(subpath), subpath)
+            for dist in dists:
+                yield dist
+        elif subitem.lower().endswith('.dist-info'):
+            subpath = os.path.join(path_item, subitem)
+            submeta = EggMetadata(zipimport.zipimporter(subpath))
+            submeta.egg_info = subpath
+            yield Distribution.from_location(path_item, subitem, submeta)
+
+
+register_finder(zipimport.zipimporter, find_eggs_in_zip)
+
+
+def find_nothing(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    return ()
+
+
+register_finder(object, find_nothing)
+
+
+def _by_version_descending(names):
+    """
+    Given a list of filenames, return them in descending order
+    by version number.
+
+    >>> names = 'bar', 'foo', 'Python-2.7.10.egg', 'Python-2.7.2.egg'
+    >>> _by_version_descending(names)
+    ['Python-2.7.10.egg', 'Python-2.7.2.egg', 'foo', 'bar']
+    >>> names = 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3.egg'
+    >>> _by_version_descending(names)
+    ['Setuptools-1.2.3.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg']
+    >>> names = 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3.post1.egg'
+    >>> _by_version_descending(names)
+    ['Setuptools-1.2.3.post1.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg']
+    """
+    def _by_version(name):
+        """
+        Parse each component of the filename
+        """
+        name, ext = os.path.splitext(name)
+        parts = itertools.chain(name.split('-'), [ext])
+        return [packaging.version.parse(part) for part in parts]
+
+    return sorted(names, key=_by_version, reverse=True)
+
+
+def find_on_path(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    """Yield distributions accessible on a sys.path directory"""
+    path_item = _normalize_cached(path_item)
+
+    if _is_unpacked_egg(path_item):
+        yield Distribution.from_filename(
+            path_item, metadata=PathMetadata(
+                path_item, os.path.join(path_item, 'EGG-INFO')
+            )
+        )
+        return
+
+    entries = safe_listdir(path_item)
+
+    # for performance, before sorting by version,
+    # screen entries for only those that will yield
+    # distributions
+    filtered = (
+        entry
+        for entry in entries
+        if dist_factory(path_item, entry, only)
+    )
+
+    # scan for .egg and .egg-info in directory
+    path_item_entries = _by_version_descending(filtered)
+    for entry in path_item_entries:
+        fullpath = os.path.join(path_item, entry)
+        factory = dist_factory(path_item, entry, only)
+        for dist in factory(fullpath):
+            yield dist
+
+
+def dist_factory(path_item, entry, only):
+    """
+    Return a dist_factory for a path_item and entry
+    """
+    lower = entry.lower()
+    is_meta = any(map(lower.endswith, ('.egg-info', '.dist-info')))
+    return (
+        distributions_from_metadata
+        if is_meta else
+        find_distributions
+        if not only and _is_egg_path(entry) else
+        resolve_egg_link
+        if not only and lower.endswith('.egg-link') else
+        NoDists()
+    )
+
+
+class NoDists:
+    """
+    >>> bool(NoDists())
+    False
+
+    >>> list(NoDists()('anything'))
+    []
+    """
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+    if six.PY2:
+        __nonzero__ = __bool__
+
+    def __call__(self, fullpath):
+        return iter(())
+
+
+def safe_listdir(path):
+    """
+    Attempt to list contents of path, but suppress some exceptions.
+    """
+    try:
+        return os.listdir(path)
+    except (PermissionError, NotADirectoryError):
+        pass
+    except OSError as e:
+        # Ignore the directory if does not exist, not a directory or
+        # permission denied
+        ignorable = (
+            e.errno in (errno.ENOTDIR, errno.EACCES, errno.ENOENT)
+            # Python 2 on Windows needs to be handled this way :(
+            or getattr(e, "winerror", None) == 267
+        )
+        if not ignorable:
+            raise
+    return ()
+
+
+def distributions_from_metadata(path):
+    root = os.path.dirname(path)
+    if os.path.isdir(path):
+        if len(os.listdir(path)) == 0:
+            # empty metadata dir; skip
+            return
+        metadata = PathMetadata(root, path)
+    else:
+        metadata = FileMetadata(path)
+    entry = os.path.basename(path)
+    yield Distribution.from_location(
+        root, entry, metadata, precedence=DEVELOP_DIST,
+    )
+
+
+def non_empty_lines(path):
+    """
+    Yield non-empty lines from file at path
+    """
+    with open(path) as f:
+        for line in f:
+            line = line.strip()
+            if line:
+                yield line
+
+
+def resolve_egg_link(path):
+    """
+    Given a path to an .egg-link, resolve distributions
+    present in the referenced path.
+    """
+    referenced_paths = non_empty_lines(path)
+    resolved_paths = (
+        os.path.join(os.path.dirname(path), ref)
+        for ref in referenced_paths
+    )
+    dist_groups = map(find_distributions, resolved_paths)
+    return next(dist_groups, ())
+
+
+register_finder(pkgutil.ImpImporter, find_on_path)
+
+if hasattr(importlib_machinery, 'FileFinder'):
+    register_finder(importlib_machinery.FileFinder, find_on_path)
+
+_declare_state('dict', _namespace_handlers={})
+_declare_state('dict', _namespace_packages={})
+
+
+def register_namespace_handler(importer_type, namespace_handler):
+    """Register `namespace_handler` to declare namespace packages
+
+    `importer_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 "Importer" (sys.path item
+    handler), and `namespace_handler` is a callable like this::
+
+        def namespace_handler(importer, path_entry, moduleName, module):
+            # return a path_entry to use for child packages
+
+    Namespace handlers are only called if the importer object has already
+    agreed that it can handle the relevant path item, and they should only
+    return a subpath if the module __path__ does not already contain an
+    equivalent subpath.  For an example namespace handler, see
+    ``pkg_resources.file_ns_handler``.
+    """
+    _namespace_handlers[importer_type] = namespace_handler
+
+
+def _handle_ns(packageName, path_item):
+    """Ensure that named package includes a subpath of path_item (if needed)"""
+
+    importer = get_importer(path_item)
+    if importer is None:
+        return None
+
+    # capture warnings due to #1111
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
+        loader = importer.find_module(packageName)
+
+    if loader is None:
+        return None
+    module = sys.modules.get(packageName)
+    if module is None:
+        module = sys.modules[packageName] = types.ModuleType(packageName)
+        module.__path__ = []
+        _set_parent_ns(packageName)
+    elif not hasattr(module, '__path__'):
+        raise TypeError("Not a package:", packageName)
+    handler = _find_adapter(_namespace_handlers, importer)
+    subpath = handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module)
+    if subpath is not None:
+        path = module.__path__
+        path.append(subpath)
+        loader.load_module(packageName)
+        _rebuild_mod_path(path, packageName, module)
+    return subpath
+
+
+def _rebuild_mod_path(orig_path, package_name, module):
+    """
+    Rebuild module.__path__ ensuring that all entries are ordered
+    corresponding to their sys.path order
+    """
+    sys_path = [_normalize_cached(p) for p in sys.path]
+
+    def safe_sys_path_index(entry):
+        """
+        Workaround for #520 and #513.
+        """
+        try:
+            return sys_path.index(entry)
+        except ValueError:
+            return float('inf')
+
+    def position_in_sys_path(path):
+        """
+        Return the ordinal of the path based on its position in sys.path
+        """
+        path_parts = path.split(os.sep)
+        module_parts = package_name.count('.') + 1
+        parts = path_parts[:-module_parts]
+        return safe_sys_path_index(_normalize_cached(os.sep.join(parts)))
+
+    new_path = sorted(orig_path, key=position_in_sys_path)
+    new_path = [_normalize_cached(p) for p in new_path]
+
+    if isinstance(module.__path__, list):
+        module.__path__[:] = new_path
+    else:
+        module.__path__ = new_path
+
+
+def declare_namespace(packageName):
+    """Declare that package 'packageName' is a namespace package"""
+
+    _imp.acquire_lock()
+    try:
+        if packageName in _namespace_packages:
+            return
+
+        path = sys.path
+        parent, _, _ = packageName.rpartition('.')
+
+        if parent:
+            declare_namespace(parent)
+            if parent not in _namespace_packages:
+                __import__(parent)
+            try:
+                path = sys.modules[parent].__path__
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise TypeError("Not a package:", parent)
+
+        # Track what packages are namespaces, so when new path items are added,
+        # they can be updated
+        _namespace_packages.setdefault(parent or None, []).append(packageName)
+        _namespace_packages.setdefault(packageName, [])
+
+        for path_item in path:
+            # Ensure all the parent's path items are reflected in the child,
+            # if they apply
+            _handle_ns(packageName, path_item)
+
+    finally:
+        _imp.release_lock()
+
+
+def fixup_namespace_packages(path_item, parent=None):
+    """Ensure that previously-declared namespace packages include path_item"""
+    _imp.acquire_lock()
+    try:
+        for package in _namespace_packages.get(parent, ()):
+            subpath = _handle_ns(package, path_item)
+            if subpath:
+                fixup_namespace_packages(subpath, package)
+    finally:
+        _imp.release_lock()
+
+
+def file_ns_handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module):
+    """Compute an ns-package subpath for a filesystem or zipfile importer"""
+
+    subpath = os.path.join(path_item, packageName.split('.')[-1])
+    normalized = _normalize_cached(subpath)
+    for item in module.__path__:
+        if _normalize_cached(item) == normalized:
+            break
+    else:
+        # Only return the path if it's not already there
+        return subpath
+
+
+register_namespace_handler(pkgutil.ImpImporter, file_ns_handler)
+register_namespace_handler(zipimport.zipimporter, file_ns_handler)
+
+if hasattr(importlib_machinery, 'FileFinder'):
+    register_namespace_handler(importlib_machinery.FileFinder, file_ns_handler)
+
+
+def null_ns_handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module):
+    return None
+
+
+register_namespace_handler(object, null_ns_handler)
+
+
+def normalize_path(filename):
+    """Normalize a file/dir name for comparison purposes"""
+    return os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(os.path.normpath(_cygwin_patch(filename))))
+
+
+def _cygwin_patch(filename):  # pragma: nocover
+    """
+    Contrary to POSIX 2008, on Cygwin, getcwd (3) contains
+    symlink components. Using
+    os.path.abspath() works around this limitation. A fix in os.getcwd()
+    would probably better, in Cygwin even more so, except
+    that this seems to be by design...
+    """
+    return os.path.abspath(filename) if sys.platform == 'cygwin' else filename
+
+
+def _normalize_cached(filename, _cache={}):
+    try:
+        return _cache[filename]
+    except KeyError:
+        _cache[filename] = result = normalize_path(filename)
+        return result
+
+
+def _is_egg_path(path):
+    """
+    Determine if given path appears to be an egg.
+    """
+    return path.lower().endswith('.egg')
+
+
+def _is_unpacked_egg(path):
+    """
+    Determine if given path appears to be an unpacked egg.
+    """
+    return (
+        _is_egg_path(path) and
+        os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, 'EGG-INFO', 'PKG-INFO'))
+    )
+
+
+def _set_parent_ns(packageName):
+    parts = packageName.split('.')
+    name = parts.pop()
+    if parts:
+        parent = '.'.join(parts)
+        setattr(sys.modules[parent], name, sys.modules[packageName])
+
+
+def yield_lines(strs):
+    """Yield non-empty/non-comment lines of a string or sequence"""
+    if isinstance(strs, six.string_types):
+        for s in strs.splitlines():
+            s = s.strip()
+            # skip blank lines/comments
+            if s and not s.startswith('#'):
+                yield s
+    else:
+        for ss in strs:
+            for s in yield_lines(ss):
+                yield s
+
+
+MODULE = re.compile(r"\w+(\.\w+)*$").match
+EGG_NAME = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    (?P<name>[^-]+) (
+        -(?P<ver>[^-]+) (
+            -py(?P<pyver>[^-]+) (
+                -(?P<plat>.+)
+            )?
+        )?
+    )?
+    """,
+    re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE,
+).match
+
+
+class EntryPoint:
+    """Object representing an advertised importable object"""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, module_name, attrs=(), extras=(), dist=None):
+        if not MODULE(module_name):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid module name", module_name)
+        self.name = name
+        self.module_name = module_name
+        self.attrs = tuple(attrs)
+        self.extras = tuple(extras)
+        self.dist = dist
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        s = "%s = %s" % (self.name, self.module_name)
+        if self.attrs:
+            s += ':' + '.'.join(self.attrs)
+        if self.extras:
+            s += ' [%s]' % ','.join(self.extras)
+        return s
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "EntryPoint.parse(%r)" % str(self)
+
+    def load(self, require=True, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Require packages for this EntryPoint, then resolve it.
+        """
+        if not require or args or kwargs:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Parameters to load are deprecated.  Call .resolve and "
+                ".require separately.",
+                PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+        if require:
+            self.require(*args, **kwargs)
+        return self.resolve()
+
+    def resolve(self):
+        """
+        Resolve the entry point from its module and attrs.
+        """
+        module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
+        try:
+            return functools.reduce(getattr, self.attrs, module)
+        except AttributeError as exc:
+            raise ImportError(str(exc))
+
+    def require(self, env=None, installer=None):
+        if self.extras and not self.dist:
+            raise UnknownExtra("Can't require() without a distribution", self)
+
+        # Get the requirements for this entry point with all its extras and
+        # then resolve them. We have to pass `extras` along when resolving so
+        # that the working set knows what extras we want. Otherwise, for
+        # dist-info distributions, the working set will assume that the
+        # requirements for that extra are purely optional and skip over them.
+        reqs = self.dist.requires(self.extras)
+        items = working_set.resolve(reqs, env, installer, extras=self.extras)
+        list(map(working_set.add, items))
+
+    pattern = re.compile(
+        r'\s*'
+        r'(?P<name>.+?)\s*'
+        r'=\s*'
+        r'(?P<module>[\w.]+)\s*'
+        r'(:\s*(?P<attr>[\w.]+))?\s*'
+        r'(?P<extras>\[.*\])?\s*$'
+    )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(cls, src, dist=None):
+        """Parse a single entry point from string `src`
+
+        Entry point syntax follows the form::
+
+            name = some.module:some.attr [extra1, extra2]
+
+        The entry name and module name are required, but the ``:attrs`` and
+        ``[extras]`` parts are optional
+        """
+        m = cls.pattern.match(src)
+        if not m:
+            msg = "EntryPoint must be in 'name=module:attrs [extras]' format"
+            raise ValueError(msg, src)
+        res = m.groupdict()
+        extras = cls._parse_extras(res['extras'])
+        attrs = res['attr'].split('.') if res['attr'] else ()
+        return cls(res['name'], res['module'], attrs, extras, dist)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_extras(cls, extras_spec):
+        if not extras_spec:
+            return ()
+        req = Requirement.parse('x' + extras_spec)
+        if req.specs:
+            raise ValueError()
+        return req.extras
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_group(cls, group, lines, dist=None):
+        """Parse an entry point group"""
+        if not MODULE(group):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid group name", group)
+        this = {}
+        for line in yield_lines(lines):
+            ep = cls.parse(line, dist)
+            if ep.name in this:
+                raise ValueError("Duplicate entry point", group, ep.name)
+            this[ep.name] = ep
+        return this
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_map(cls, data, dist=None):
+        """Parse a map of entry point groups"""
+        if isinstance(data, dict):
+            data = data.items()
+        else:
+            data = split_sections(data)
+        maps = {}
+        for group, lines in data:
+            if group is None:
+                if not lines:
+                    continue
+                raise ValueError("Entry points must be listed in groups")
+            group = group.strip()
+            if group in maps:
+                raise ValueError("Duplicate group name", group)
+            maps[group] = cls.parse_group(group, lines, dist)
+        return maps
+
+
+def _remove_md5_fragment(location):
+    if not location:
+        return ''
+    parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(location)
+    if parsed[-1].startswith('md5='):
+        return urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed[:-1] + ('',))
+    return location
+
+
+def _version_from_file(lines):
+    """
+    Given an iterable of lines from a Metadata file, return
+    the value of the Version field, if present, or None otherwise.
+    """
+    def is_version_line(line):
+        return line.lower().startswith('version:')
+    version_lines = filter(is_version_line, lines)
+    line = next(iter(version_lines), '')
+    _, _, value = line.partition(':')
+    return safe_version(value.strip()) or None
+
+
+class Distribution:
+    """Wrap an actual or potential sys.path entry w/metadata"""
+    PKG_INFO = 'PKG-INFO'
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, location=None, metadata=None, project_name=None,
+            version=None, py_version=PY_MAJOR, platform=None,
+            precedence=EGG_DIST):
+        self.project_name = safe_name(project_name or 'Unknown')
+        if version is not None:
+            self._version = safe_version(version)
+        self.py_version = py_version
+        self.platform = platform
+        self.location = location
+        self.precedence = precedence
+        self._provider = metadata or empty_provider
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_location(cls, location, basename, metadata=None, **kw):
+        project_name, version, py_version, platform = [None] * 4
+        basename, ext = os.path.splitext(basename)
+        if ext.lower() in _distributionImpl:
+            cls = _distributionImpl[ext.lower()]
+
+            match = EGG_NAME(basename)
+            if match:
+                project_name, version, py_version, platform = match.group(
+                    'name', 'ver', 'pyver', 'plat'
+                )
+        return cls(
+            location, metadata, project_name=project_name, version=version,
+            py_version=py_version, platform=platform, **kw
+        )._reload_version()
+
+    def _reload_version(self):
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def hashcmp(self):
+        return (
+            self.parsed_version,
+            self.precedence,
+            self.key,
+            _remove_md5_fragment(self.location),
+            self.py_version or '',
+            self.platform or '',
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.hashcmp)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp < other.hashcmp
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp <= other.hashcmp
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp > other.hashcmp
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp >= other.hashcmp
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            # It's not a Distribution, so they are not equal
+            return False
+        return self.hashcmp == other.hashcmp
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    # These properties have to be lazy so that we don't have to load any
+    # metadata until/unless it's actually needed.  (i.e., some distributions
+    # may not know their name or version without loading PKG-INFO)
+
+    @property
+    def key(self):
+        try:
+            return self._key
+        except AttributeError:
+            self._key = key = self.project_name.lower()
+            return key
+
+    @property
+    def parsed_version(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, "_parsed_version"):
+            self._parsed_version = parse_version(self.version)
+
+        return self._parsed_version
+
+    def _warn_legacy_version(self):
+        LV = packaging.version.LegacyVersion
+        is_legacy = isinstance(self._parsed_version, LV)
+        if not is_legacy:
+            return
+
+        # While an empty version is technically a legacy version and
+        # is not a valid PEP 440 version, it's also unlikely to
+        # actually come from someone and instead it is more likely that
+        # it comes from setuptools attempting to parse a filename and
+        # including it in the list. So for that we'll gate this warning
+        # on if the version is anything at all or not.
+        if not self.version:
+            return
+
+        tmpl = textwrap.dedent("""
+            '{project_name} ({version})' is being parsed as a legacy,
+            non PEP 440,
+            version. You may find odd behavior and sort order.
+            In particular it will be sorted as less than 0.0. It
+            is recommended to migrate to PEP 440 compatible
+            versions.
+            """).strip().replace('\n', ' ')
+
+        warnings.warn(tmpl.format(**vars(self)), PEP440Warning)
+
+    @property
+    def version(self):
+        try:
+            return self._version
+        except AttributeError:
+            version = self._get_version()
+            if version is None:
+                path = self._get_metadata_path_for_display(self.PKG_INFO)
+                msg = (
+                    "Missing 'Version:' header and/or {} file at path: {}"
+                ).format(self.PKG_INFO, path)
+                raise ValueError(msg, self)
+
+            return version
+
+    @property
+    def _dep_map(self):
+        """
+        A map of extra to its list of (direct) requirements
+        for this distribution, including the null extra.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.__dep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            self.__dep_map = self._filter_extras(self._build_dep_map())
+        return self.__dep_map
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _filter_extras(dm):
+        """
+        Given a mapping of extras to dependencies, strip off
+        environment markers and filter out any dependencies
+        not matching the markers.
+        """
+        for extra in list(filter(None, dm)):
+            new_extra = extra
+            reqs = dm.pop(extra)
+            new_extra, _, marker = extra.partition(':')
+            fails_marker = marker and (
+                invalid_marker(marker)
+                or not evaluate_marker(marker)
+            )
+            if fails_marker:
+                reqs = []
+            new_extra = safe_extra(new_extra) or None
+
+            dm.setdefault(new_extra, []).extend(reqs)
+        return dm
+
+    def _build_dep_map(self):
+        dm = {}
+        for name in 'requires.txt', 'depends.txt':
+            for extra, reqs in split_sections(self._get_metadata(name)):
+                dm.setdefault(extra, []).extend(parse_requirements(reqs))
+        return dm
+
+    def requires(self, extras=()):
+        """List of Requirements needed for this distro if `extras` are used"""
+        dm = self._dep_map
+        deps = []
+        deps.extend(dm.get(None, ()))
+        for ext in extras:
+            try:
+                deps.extend(dm[safe_extra(ext)])
+            except KeyError:
+                raise UnknownExtra(
+                    "%s has no such extra feature %r" % (self, ext)
+                )
+        return deps
+
+    def _get_metadata_path_for_display(self, name):
+        """
+        Return the path to the given metadata file, if available.
+        """
+        try:
+            # We need to access _get_metadata_path() on the provider object
+            # directly rather than through this class's __getattr__()
+            # since _get_metadata_path() is marked private.
+            path = self._provider._get_metadata_path(name)
+
+        # Handle exceptions e.g. in case the distribution's metadata
+        # provider doesn't support _get_metadata_path().
+        except Exception:
+            return '[could not detect]'
+
+        return path
+
+    def _get_metadata(self, name):
+        if self.has_metadata(name):
+            for line in self.get_metadata_lines(name):
+                yield line
+
+    def _get_version(self):
+        lines = self._get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO)
+        version = _version_from_file(lines)
+
+        return version
+
+    def activate(self, path=None, replace=False):
+        """Ensure distribution is importable on `path` (default=sys.path)"""
+        if path is None:
+            path = sys.path
+        self.insert_on(path, replace=replace)
+        if path is sys.path:
+            fixup_namespace_packages(self.location)
+            for pkg in self._get_metadata('namespace_packages.txt'):
+                if pkg in sys.modules:
+                    declare_namespace(pkg)
+
+    def egg_name(self):
+        """Return what this distribution's standard .egg filename should be"""
+        filename = "%s-%s-py%s" % (
+            to_filename(self.project_name), to_filename(self.version),
+            self.py_version or PY_MAJOR
+        )
+
+        if self.platform:
+            filename += '-' + self.platform
+        return filename
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.location:
+            return "%s (%s)" % (self, self.location)
+        else:
+            return str(self)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        try:
+            version = getattr(self, 'version', None)
+        except ValueError:
+            version = None
+        version = version or "[unknown version]"
+        return "%s %s" % (self.project_name, version)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        """Delegate all unrecognized public attributes to .metadata provider"""
+        if attr.startswith('_'):
+            raise AttributeError(attr)
+        return getattr(self._provider, attr)
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return list(
+            set(super(Distribution, self).__dir__())
+            | set(
+                attr for attr in self._provider.__dir__()
+                if not attr.startswith('_')
+            )
+        )
+
+    if not hasattr(object, '__dir__'):
+        # python 2.7 not supported
+        del __dir__
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_filename(cls, filename, metadata=None, **kw):
+        return cls.from_location(
+            _normalize_cached(filename), os.path.basename(filename), metadata,
+            **kw
+        )
+
+    def as_requirement(self):
+        """Return a ``Requirement`` that matches this distribution exactly"""
+        if isinstance(self.parsed_version, packaging.version.Version):
+            spec = "%s==%s" % (self.project_name, self.parsed_version)
+        else:
+            spec = "%s===%s" % (self.project_name, self.parsed_version)
+
+        return Requirement.parse(spec)
+
+    def load_entry_point(self, group, name):
+        """Return the `name` entry point of `group` or raise ImportError"""
+        ep = self.get_entry_info(group, name)
+        if ep is None:
+            raise ImportError("Entry point %r not found" % ((group, name),))
+        return ep.load()
+
+    def get_entry_map(self, group=None):
+        """Return the entry point map for `group`, or the full entry map"""
+        try:
+            ep_map = self._ep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            ep_map = self._ep_map = EntryPoint.parse_map(
+                self._get_metadata('entry_points.txt'), self
+            )
+        if group is not None:
+            return ep_map.get(group, {})
+        return ep_map
+
+    def get_entry_info(self, group, name):
+        """Return the EntryPoint object for `group`+`name`, or ``None``"""
+        return self.get_entry_map(group).get(name)
+
+    def insert_on(self, path, loc=None, replace=False):
+        """Ensure self.location is on path
+
+        If replace=False (default):
+            - If location is already in path anywhere, do nothing.
+            - Else:
+              - If it's an egg and its parent directory is on path,
+                insert just ahead of the parent.
+              - Else: add to the end of path.
+        If replace=True:
+            - If location is already on path anywhere (not eggs)
+              or higher priority than its parent (eggs)
+              do nothing.
+            - Else:
+              - If it's an egg and its parent directory is on path,
+                insert just ahead of the parent,
+                removing any lower-priority entries.
+              - Else: add it to the front of path.
+        """
+
+        loc = loc or self.location
+        if not loc:
+            return
+
+        nloc = _normalize_cached(loc)
+        bdir = os.path.dirname(nloc)
+        npath = [(p and _normalize_cached(p) or p) for p in path]
+
+        for p, item in enumerate(npath):
+            if item == nloc:
+                if replace:
+                    break
+                else:
+                    # don't modify path (even removing duplicates) if
+                    # found and not replace
+                    return
+            elif item == bdir and self.precedence == EGG_DIST:
+                # if it's an .egg, give it precedence over its directory
+                # UNLESS it's already been added to sys.path and replace=False
+                if (not replace) and nloc in npath[p:]:
+                    return
+                if path is sys.path:
+                    self.check_version_conflict()
+                path.insert(p, loc)
+                npath.insert(p, nloc)
+                break
+        else:
+            if path is sys.path:
+                self.check_version_conflict()
+            if replace:
+                path.insert(0, loc)
+            else:
+                path.append(loc)
+            return
+
+        # p is the spot where we found or inserted loc; now remove duplicates
+        while True:
+            try:
+                np = npath.index(nloc, p + 1)
+            except ValueError:
+                break
+            else:
+                del npath[np], path[np]
+                # ha!
+                p = np
+
+        return
+
+    def check_version_conflict(self):
+        if self.key == 'setuptools':
+            # ignore the inevitable setuptools self-conflicts  :(
+            return
+
+        nsp = dict.fromkeys(self._get_metadata('namespace_packages.txt'))
+        loc = normalize_path(self.location)
+        for modname in self._get_metadata('top_level.txt'):
+            if (modname not in sys.modules or modname in nsp
+                    or modname in _namespace_packages):
+                continue
+            if modname in ('pkg_resources', 'setuptools', 'site'):
+                continue
+            fn = getattr(sys.modules[modname], '__file__', None)
+            if fn and (normalize_path(fn).startswith(loc) or
+                       fn.startswith(self.location)):
+                continue
+            issue_warning(
+                "Module %s was already imported from %s, but %s is being added"
+                " to sys.path" % (modname, fn, self.location),
+            )
+
+    def has_version(self):
+        try:
+            self.version
+        except ValueError:
+            issue_warning("Unbuilt egg for " + repr(self))
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def clone(self, **kw):
+        """Copy this distribution, substituting in any changed keyword args"""
+        names = 'project_name version py_version platform location precedence'
+        for attr in names.split():
+            kw.setdefault(attr, getattr(self, attr, None))
+        kw.setdefault('metadata', self._provider)
+        return self.__class__(**kw)
+
+    @property
+    def extras(self):
+        return [dep for dep in self._dep_map if dep]
+
+
+class EggInfoDistribution(Distribution):
+    def _reload_version(self):
+        """
+        Packages installed by distutils (e.g. numpy or scipy),
+        which uses an old safe_version, and so
+        their version numbers can get mangled when
+        converted to filenames (e.g., 1.11.0.dev0+2329eae to
+        1.11.0.dev0_2329eae). These distributions will not be
+        parsed properly
+        downstream by Distribution and safe_version, so
+        take an extra step and try to get the version number from
+        the metadata file itself instead of the filename.
+        """
+        md_version = self._get_version()
+        if md_version:
+            self._version = md_version
+        return self
+
+
+class DistInfoDistribution(Distribution):
+    """
+    Wrap an actual or potential sys.path entry
+    w/metadata, .dist-info style.
+    """
+    PKG_INFO = 'METADATA'
+    EQEQ = re.compile(r"([\(,])\s*(\d.*?)\s*([,\)])")
+
+    @property
+    def _parsed_pkg_info(self):
+        """Parse and cache metadata"""
+        try:
+            return self._pkg_info
+        except AttributeError:
+            metadata = self.get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO)
+            self._pkg_info = email.parser.Parser().parsestr(metadata)
+            return self._pkg_info
+
+    @property
+    def _dep_map(self):
+        try:
+            return self.__dep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            self.__dep_map = self._compute_dependencies()
+            return self.__dep_map
+
+    def _compute_dependencies(self):
+        """Recompute this distribution's dependencies."""
+        dm = self.__dep_map = {None: []}
+
+        reqs = []
+        # Including any condition expressions
+        for req in self._parsed_pkg_info.get_all('Requires-Dist') or []:
+            reqs.extend(parse_requirements(req))
+
+        def reqs_for_extra(extra):
+            for req in reqs:
+                if not req.marker or req.marker.evaluate({'extra': extra}):
+                    yield req
+
+        common = frozenset(reqs_for_extra(None))
+        dm[None].extend(common)
+
+        for extra in self._parsed_pkg_info.get_all('Provides-Extra') or []:
+            s_extra = safe_extra(extra.strip())
+            dm[s_extra] = list(frozenset(reqs_for_extra(extra)) - common)
+
+        return dm
+
+
+_distributionImpl = {
+    '.egg': Distribution,
+    '.egg-info': EggInfoDistribution,
+    '.dist-info': DistInfoDistribution,
+}
+
+
+def issue_warning(*args, **kw):
+    level = 1
+    g = globals()
+    try:
+        # find the first stack frame that is *not* code in
+        # the pkg_resources module, to use for the warning
+        while sys._getframe(level).f_globals is g:
+            level += 1
+    except ValueError:
+        pass
+    warnings.warn(stacklevel=level + 1, *args, **kw)
+
+
+class RequirementParseError(ValueError):
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ' '.join(self.args)
+
+
+def parse_requirements(strs):
+    """Yield ``Requirement`` objects for each specification in `strs`
+
+    `strs` must be a string, or a (possibly-nested) iterable thereof.
+    """
+    # create a steppable iterator, so we can handle \-continuations
+    lines = iter(yield_lines(strs))
+
+    for line in lines:
+        # Drop comments -- a hash without a space may be in a URL.
+        if ' #' in line:
+            line = line[:line.find(' #')]
+        # If there is a line continuation, drop it, and append the next line.
+        if line.endswith('\\'):
+            line = line[:-2].strip()
+            try:
+                line += next(lines)
+            except StopIteration:
+                return
+        yield Requirement(line)
+
+
+class Requirement(packaging.requirements.Requirement):
+    def __init__(self, requirement_string):
+        """DO NOT CALL THIS UNDOCUMENTED METHOD; use Requirement.parse()!"""
+        try:
+            super(Requirement, self).__init__(requirement_string)
+        except packaging.requirements.InvalidRequirement as e:
+            raise RequirementParseError(str(e))
+        self.unsafe_name = self.name
+        project_name = safe_name(self.name)
+        self.project_name, self.key = project_name, project_name.lower()
+        self.specs = [
+            (spec.operator, spec.version) for spec in self.specifier]
+        self.extras = tuple(map(safe_extra, self.extras))
+        self.hashCmp = (
+            self.key,
+            self.url,
+            self.specifier,
+            frozenset(self.extras),
+            str(self.marker) if self.marker else None,
+        )
+        self.__hash = hash(self.hashCmp)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return (
+            isinstance(other, Requirement) and
+            self.hashCmp == other.hashCmp
+        )
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    def __contains__(self, item):
+        if isinstance(item, Distribution):
+            if item.key != self.key:
+                return False
+
+            item = item.version
+
+        # Allow prereleases always in order to match the previous behavior of
+        # this method. In the future this should be smarter and follow PEP 440
+        # more accurately.
+        return self.specifier.contains(item, prereleases=True)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return self.__hash
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "Requirement.parse(%r)" % str(self)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def parse(s):
+        req, = parse_requirements(s)
+        return req
+
+
+def _always_object(classes):
+    """
+    Ensure object appears in the mro even
+    for old-style classes.
+    """
+    if object not in classes:
+        return classes + (object,)
+    return classes
+
+
+def _find_adapter(registry, ob):
+    """Return an adapter factory for `ob` from `registry`"""
+    types = _always_object(inspect.getmro(getattr(ob, '__class__', type(ob))))
+    for t in types:
+        if t in registry:
+            return registry[t]
+
+
+def ensure_directory(path):
+    """Ensure that the parent directory of `path` exists"""
+    dirname = os.path.dirname(path)
+    py31compat.makedirs(dirname, exist_ok=True)
+
+
+def _bypass_ensure_directory(path):
+    """Sandbox-bypassing version of ensure_directory()"""
+    if not WRITE_SUPPORT:
+        raise IOError('"os.mkdir" not supported on this platform.')
+    dirname, filename = split(path)
+    if dirname and filename and not isdir(dirname):
+        _bypass_ensure_directory(dirname)
+        try:
+            mkdir(dirname, 0o755)
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+
+
+def split_sections(s):
+    """Split a string or iterable thereof into (section, content) pairs
+
+    Each ``section`` is a stripped version of the section header ("[section]")
+    and each ``content`` is a list of stripped lines excluding blank lines and
+    comment-only lines.  If there are any such lines before the first section
+    header, they're returned in a first ``section`` of ``None``.
+    """
+    section = None
+    content = []
+    for line in yield_lines(s):
+        if line.startswith("["):
+            if line.endswith("]"):
+                if section or content:
+                    yield section, content
+                section = line[1:-1].strip()
+                content = []
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("Invalid section heading", line)
+        else:
+            content.append(line)
+
+    # wrap up last segment
+    yield section, content
+
+
+def _mkstemp(*args, **kw):
+    old_open = os.open
+    try:
+        # temporarily bypass sandboxing
+        os.open = os_open
+        return tempfile.mkstemp(*args, **kw)
+    finally:
+        # and then put it back
+        os.open = old_open
+
+
+# Silence the PEP440Warning by default, so that end users don't get hit by it
+# randomly just because they use pkg_resources. We want to append the rule
+# because we want earlier uses of filterwarnings to take precedence over this
+# one.
+warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=PEP440Warning, append=True)
+
+
+# from jaraco.functools 1.3
+def _call_aside(f, *args, **kwargs):
+    f(*args, **kwargs)
+    return f
+
+
+@_call_aside
+def _initialize(g=globals()):
+    "Set up global resource manager (deliberately not state-saved)"
+    manager = ResourceManager()
+    g['_manager'] = manager
+    g.update(
+        (name, getattr(manager, name))
+        for name in dir(manager)
+        if not name.startswith('_')
+    )
+
+
+@_call_aside
+def _initialize_master_working_set():
+    """
+    Prepare the master working set and make the ``require()``
+    API available.
+
+    This function has explicit effects on the global state
+    of pkg_resources. It is intended to be invoked once at
+    the initialization of this module.
+
+    Invocation by other packages is unsupported and done
+    at their own risk.
+    """
+    working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
+    _declare_state('object', working_set=working_set)
+
+    require = working_set.require
+    iter_entry_points = working_set.iter_entry_points
+    add_activation_listener = working_set.subscribe
+    run_script = working_set.run_script
+    # backward compatibility
+    run_main = run_script
+    # Activate all distributions already on sys.path with replace=False and
+    # ensure that all distributions added to the working set in the future
+    # (e.g. by calling ``require()``) will get activated as well,
+    # with higher priority (replace=True).
+    tuple(
+        dist.activate(replace=False)
+        for dist in working_set
+    )
+    add_activation_listener(
+        lambda dist: dist.activate(replace=True),
+        existing=False,
+    )
+    working_set.entries = []
+    # match order
+    list(map(working_set.add_entry, sys.path))
+    globals().update(locals())
+
+class PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning(Warning):
+    """
+    Base class for warning about deprecations in ``pkg_resources``
+
+    This class is not derived from ``DeprecationWarning``, and as such is
+    visible by default.
+    """
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pkg_resources/py31compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pkg_resources/py31compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2d3007
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pkg_resources/py31compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import os
+import errno
+import sys
+
+from pip._vendor import six
+
+
+def _makedirs_31(path, exist_ok=False):
+    try:
+        os.makedirs(path)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        if not exist_ok or exc.errno != errno.EEXIST:
+            raise
+
+
+# rely on compatibility behavior until mode considerations
+#  and exists_ok considerations are disentangled.
+# See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/pull/1083#issuecomment-315168663
+needs_makedirs = (
+    six.PY2 or
+    (3, 4) <= sys.version_info < (3, 4, 1)
+)
+makedirs = _makedirs_31 if needs_makedirs else os.makedirs
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..089b515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+"""
+Utilities for determining application-specific dirs. See <https://github.com/platformdirs/platformdirs> for details and
+usage.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import importlib
+import os
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._vendor.typing_extensions import Literal  # pragma: no cover
+
+from .api import PlatformDirsABC
+from .version import __version__, __version_info__
+
+
+def _set_platform_dir_class() -> type[PlatformDirsABC]:
+    if os.getenv("ANDROID_DATA") == "/data" and os.getenv("ANDROID_ROOT") == "/system":
+        module, name = "pip._vendor.platformdirs.android", "Android"
+    elif sys.platform == "win32":
+        module, name = "pip._vendor.platformdirs.windows", "Windows"
+    elif sys.platform == "darwin":
+        module, name = "pip._vendor.platformdirs.macos", "MacOS"
+    else:
+        module, name = "pip._vendor.platformdirs.unix", "Unix"
+    result: type[PlatformDirsABC] = getattr(importlib.import_module(module), name)
+    return result
+
+
+PlatformDirs = _set_platform_dir_class()  #: Currently active platform
+AppDirs = PlatformDirs  #: Backwards compatibility with appdirs
+
+
+def user_data_dir(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    roaming: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param roaming: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :returns: data directory tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, roaming=roaming).user_data_dir
+
+
+def site_data_dir(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    multipath: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param multipath: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.multipath>`.
+    :returns: data directory shared by users
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, multipath=multipath).site_data_dir
+
+
+def user_config_dir(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    roaming: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param roaming: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :returns: config directory tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, roaming=roaming).user_config_dir
+
+
+def site_config_dir(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    multipath: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param multipath: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.multipath>`.
+    :returns: config directory shared by the users
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, multipath=multipath).site_config_dir
+
+
+def user_cache_dir(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    opinion: bool = True,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param opinion: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.opinion>`.
+    :returns: cache directory tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, opinion=opinion).user_cache_dir
+
+
+def user_state_dir(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    roaming: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param roaming: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :returns: state directory tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, roaming=roaming).user_state_dir
+
+
+def user_log_dir(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    opinion: bool = True,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param opinion: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.opinion>`.
+    :returns: log directory tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, opinion=opinion).user_log_dir
+
+
+def user_documents_dir() -> str:
+    """
+    :returns: documents directory tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs().user_documents_dir
+
+
+def user_runtime_dir(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    opinion: bool = True,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param opinion: See `opinion <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.opinion>`.
+    :returns: runtime directory tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, opinion=opinion).user_runtime_dir
+
+
+def user_data_path(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    roaming: bool = False,
+) -> Path:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param roaming: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :returns: data path tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, roaming=roaming).user_data_path
+
+
+def site_data_path(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    multipath: bool = False,
+) -> Path:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param multipath: See `multipath <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.multipath>`.
+    :returns: data path shared by users
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, multipath=multipath).site_data_path
+
+
+def user_config_path(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    roaming: bool = False,
+) -> Path:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param roaming: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :returns: config path tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, roaming=roaming).user_config_path
+
+
+def site_config_path(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    multipath: bool = False,
+) -> Path:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param multipath: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.multipath>`.
+    :returns: config path shared by the users
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, multipath=multipath).site_config_path
+
+
+def user_cache_path(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    opinion: bool = True,
+) -> Path:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param opinion: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.opinion>`.
+    :returns: cache path tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, opinion=opinion).user_cache_path
+
+
+def user_state_path(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    roaming: bool = False,
+) -> Path:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param roaming: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :returns: state path tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, roaming=roaming).user_state_path
+
+
+def user_log_path(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    opinion: bool = True,
+) -> Path:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param opinion: See `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.opinion>`.
+    :returns: log path tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, opinion=opinion).user_log_path
+
+
+def user_documents_path() -> Path:
+    """
+    :returns: documents path tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs().user_documents_path
+
+
+def user_runtime_path(
+    appname: str | None = None,
+    appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+    version: str | None = None,
+    opinion: bool = True,
+) -> Path:
+    """
+    :param appname: See `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`.
+    :param appauthor: See `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`.
+    :param version: See `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    :param opinion: See `opinion <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.opinion>`.
+    :returns: runtime path tied to the user
+    """
+    return PlatformDirs(appname=appname, appauthor=appauthor, version=version, opinion=opinion).user_runtime_path
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__version__",
+    "__version_info__",
+    "PlatformDirs",
+    "AppDirs",
+    "PlatformDirsABC",
+    "user_data_dir",
+    "user_config_dir",
+    "user_cache_dir",
+    "user_state_dir",
+    "user_log_dir",
+    "user_documents_dir",
+    "user_runtime_dir",
+    "site_data_dir",
+    "site_config_dir",
+    "user_data_path",
+    "user_config_path",
+    "user_cache_path",
+    "user_state_path",
+    "user_log_path",
+    "user_documents_path",
+    "user_runtime_path",
+    "site_data_path",
+    "site_config_path",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/__main__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c54bfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pip._vendor.platformdirs import PlatformDirs, __version__
+
+PROPS = (
+    "user_data_dir",
+    "user_config_dir",
+    "user_cache_dir",
+    "user_state_dir",
+    "user_log_dir",
+    "user_documents_dir",
+    "user_runtime_dir",
+    "site_data_dir",
+    "site_config_dir",
+)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    app_name = "MyApp"
+    app_author = "MyCompany"
+
+    print(f"-- platformdirs {__version__} --")
+
+    print("-- app dirs (with optional 'version')")
+    dirs = PlatformDirs(app_name, app_author, version="1.0")
+    for prop in PROPS:
+        print(f"{prop}: {getattr(dirs, prop)}")
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (without optional 'version')")
+    dirs = PlatformDirs(app_name, app_author)
+    for prop in PROPS:
+        print(f"{prop}: {getattr(dirs, prop)}")
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (without optional 'appauthor')")
+    dirs = PlatformDirs(app_name)
+    for prop in PROPS:
+        print(f"{prop}: {getattr(dirs, prop)}")
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (with disabled 'appauthor')")
+    dirs = PlatformDirs(app_name, appauthor=False)
+    for prop in PROPS:
+        print(f"{prop}: {getattr(dirs, prop)}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/android.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/android.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a684058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/android.py
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+from functools import lru_cache
+
+from .api import PlatformDirsABC
+
+
+class Android(PlatformDirsABC):
+    """
+    Follows the guidance `from here <https://android.stackexchange.com/a/216132>`_. Makes use of the
+    `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>` and
+    `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    """
+
+    @property
+    def user_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: data directory tied to the user, e.g. ``/data/user/<userid>/<packagename>/files/<AppName>``"""
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(_android_folder(), "files")
+
+    @property
+    def site_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: data directory shared by users, same as `user_data_dir`"""
+        return self.user_data_dir
+
+    @property
+    def user_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: config directory tied to the user, e.g. ``/data/user/<userid>/<packagename>/shared_prefs/<AppName>``
+        """
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(_android_folder(), "shared_prefs")
+
+    @property
+    def site_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: config directory shared by the users, same as `user_config_dir`"""
+        return self.user_config_dir
+
+    @property
+    def user_cache_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: cache directory tied to the user, e.g. e.g. ``/data/user/<userid>/<packagename>/cache/<AppName>``"""
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(_android_folder(), "cache")
+
+    @property
+    def user_state_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: state directory tied to the user, same as `user_data_dir`"""
+        return self.user_data_dir
+
+    @property
+    def user_log_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: log directory tied to the user, same as `user_cache_dir` if not opinionated else ``log`` in it,
+          e.g. ``/data/user/<userid>/<packagename>/cache/<AppName>/log``
+        """
+        path = self.user_cache_dir
+        if self.opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "log")
+        return path
+
+    @property
+    def user_documents_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: documents directory tied to the user e.g. ``/storage/emulated/0/Documents``
+        """
+        return _android_documents_folder()
+
+    @property
+    def user_runtime_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: runtime directory tied to the user, same as `user_cache_dir` if not opinionated else ``tmp`` in it,
+          e.g. ``/data/user/<userid>/<packagename>/cache/<AppName>/tmp``
+        """
+        path = self.user_cache_dir
+        if self.opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "tmp")
+        return path
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=1)
+def _android_folder() -> str:
+    """:return: base folder for the Android OS"""
+    try:
+        # First try to get path to android app via pyjnius
+        from jnius import autoclass
+
+        Context = autoclass("android.content.Context")  # noqa: N806
+        result: str = Context.getFilesDir().getParentFile().getAbsolutePath()
+    except Exception:
+        # if fails find an android folder looking path on the sys.path
+        pattern = re.compile(r"/data/(data|user/\d+)/(.+)/files")
+        for path in sys.path:
+            if pattern.match(path):
+                result = path.split("/files")[0]
+                break
+        else:
+            raise OSError("Cannot find path to android app folder")
+    return result
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=1)
+def _android_documents_folder() -> str:
+    """:return: documents folder for the Android OS"""
+    # Get directories with pyjnius
+    try:
+        from jnius import autoclass
+
+        Context = autoclass("android.content.Context")  # noqa: N806
+        Environment = autoclass("android.os.Environment")  # noqa: N806
+        documents_dir: str = Context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOCUMENTS).getAbsolutePath()
+    except Exception:
+        documents_dir = "/storage/emulated/0/Documents"
+
+    return documents_dir
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Android",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f6e2c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import sys
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from pathlib import Path
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):  # pragma: no branch
+    from typing import Literal  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+class PlatformDirsABC(ABC):
+    """
+    Abstract base class for platform directories.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        appname: str | None = None,
+        appauthor: str | None | Literal[False] = None,
+        version: str | None = None,
+        roaming: bool = False,
+        multipath: bool = False,
+        opinion: bool = True,
+    ):
+        """
+        Create a new platform directory.
+
+        :param appname: See `appname`.
+        :param appauthor: See `appauthor`.
+        :param version: See `version`.
+        :param roaming: See `roaming`.
+        :param multipath: See `multipath`.
+        :param opinion: See `opinion`.
+        """
+        self.appname = appname  #: The name of application.
+        self.appauthor = appauthor
+        """
+        The name of the app author or distributing body for this application. Typically, it is the owning company name.
+        Defaults to `appname`. You may pass ``False`` to disable it.
+        """
+        self.version = version
+        """
+        An optional version path element to append to the path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+        of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this would typically be ``<major>.<minor>``.
+        """
+        self.roaming = roaming
+        """
+        Whether to use the roaming appdata directory on Windows. That means that for users on a Windows network setup
+        for roaming profiles, this user data will be synced on login (see
+        `here <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>`_).
+        """
+        self.multipath = multipath
+        """
+        An optional parameter only applicable to Unix/Linux which indicates that the entire list of data dirs should be
+        returned. By default, the first item would only be returned.
+        """
+        self.opinion = opinion  #: A flag to indicating to use opinionated values.
+
+    def _append_app_name_and_version(self, *base: str) -> str:
+        params = list(base[1:])
+        if self.appname:
+            params.append(self.appname)
+            if self.version:
+                params.append(self.version)
+        return os.path.join(base[0], *params)
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def user_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: data directory tied to the user"""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def site_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: data directory shared by users"""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def user_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: config directory tied to the user"""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def site_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: config directory shared by the users"""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def user_cache_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: cache directory tied to the user"""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def user_state_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: state directory tied to the user"""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def user_log_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: log directory tied to the user"""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def user_documents_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: documents directory tied to the user"""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def user_runtime_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: runtime directory tied to the user"""
+
+    @property
+    def user_data_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: data path tied to the user"""
+        return Path(self.user_data_dir)
+
+    @property
+    def site_data_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: data path shared by users"""
+        return Path(self.site_data_dir)
+
+    @property
+    def user_config_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: config path tied to the user"""
+        return Path(self.user_config_dir)
+
+    @property
+    def site_config_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: config path shared by the users"""
+        return Path(self.site_config_dir)
+
+    @property
+    def user_cache_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: cache path tied to the user"""
+        return Path(self.user_cache_dir)
+
+    @property
+    def user_state_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: state path tied to the user"""
+        return Path(self.user_state_dir)
+
+    @property
+    def user_log_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: log path tied to the user"""
+        return Path(self.user_log_dir)
+
+    @property
+    def user_documents_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: documents path tied to the user"""
+        return Path(self.user_documents_dir)
+
+    @property
+    def user_runtime_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: runtime path tied to the user"""
+        return Path(self.user_runtime_dir)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/macos.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/macos.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a01337c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/macos.py
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+
+from .api import PlatformDirsABC
+
+
+class MacOS(PlatformDirsABC):
+    """
+    Platform directories for the macOS operating system. Follows the guidance from `Apple documentation
+    <https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/FileSystemProgrammingGuide/MacOSXDirectories/MacOSXDirectories.html>`_.
+    Makes use of the `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>` and
+    `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`.
+    """
+
+    @property
+    def user_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: data directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/Library/Application Support/$appname/$version``"""
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Application Support/"))
+
+    @property
+    def site_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: data directory shared by users, e.g. ``/Library/Application Support/$appname/$version``"""
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version("/Library/Application Support")
+
+    @property
+    def user_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: config directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/Library/Preferences/$appname/$version``"""
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Preferences/"))
+
+    @property
+    def site_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: config directory shared by the users, e.g. ``/Library/Preferences/$appname``"""
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version("/Library/Preferences")
+
+    @property
+    def user_cache_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: cache directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/Library/Caches/$appname/$version``"""
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Caches"))
+
+    @property
+    def user_state_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: state directory tied to the user, same as `user_data_dir`"""
+        return self.user_data_dir
+
+    @property
+    def user_log_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: log directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/Library/Logs/$appname/$version``"""
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Logs"))
+
+    @property
+    def user_documents_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: documents directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/Documents``"""
+        return os.path.expanduser("~/Documents")
+
+    @property
+    def user_runtime_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: runtime directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/$appname/$version``"""
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems"))
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "MacOS",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/unix.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/unix.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fbd4d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/unix.py
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import sys
+from configparser import ConfigParser
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from .api import PlatformDirsABC
+
+if sys.platform.startswith("linux"):  # pragma: no branch # no op check, only to please the type checker
+    from os import getuid
+else:
+
+    def getuid() -> int:
+        raise RuntimeError("should only be used on Linux")
+
+
+class Unix(PlatformDirsABC):
+    """
+    On Unix/Linux, we follow the
+    `XDG Basedir Spec <https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html>`_. The spec allows
+    overriding directories with environment variables. The examples show are the default values, alongside the name of
+    the environment variable that overrides them. Makes use of the
+    `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`,
+    `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`,
+    `multipath <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.multipath>`,
+    `opinion <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.opinion>`.
+    """
+
+    @property
+    def user_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: data directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/.local/share/$appname/$version`` or
+         ``$XDG_DATA_HOME/$appname/$version``
+        """
+        path = os.environ.get("XDG_DATA_HOME", "")
+        if not path.strip():
+            path = os.path.expanduser("~/.local/share")
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(path)
+
+    @property
+    def site_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: data directories shared by users (if `multipath <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.multipath>` is
+         enabled and ``XDG_DATA_DIR`` is set and a multi path the response is also a multi path separated by the OS
+         path separator), e.g. ``/usr/local/share/$appname/$version`` or ``/usr/share/$appname/$version``
+        """
+        # XDG default for $XDG_DATA_DIRS; only first, if multipath is False
+        path = os.environ.get("XDG_DATA_DIRS", "")
+        if not path.strip():
+            path = f"/usr/local/share{os.pathsep}/usr/share"
+        return self._with_multi_path(path)
+
+    def _with_multi_path(self, path: str) -> str:
+        path_list = path.split(os.pathsep)
+        if not self.multipath:
+            path_list = path_list[0:1]
+        path_list = [self._append_app_name_and_version(os.path.expanduser(p)) for p in path_list]
+        return os.pathsep.join(path_list)
+
+    @property
+    def user_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: config directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/.config/$appname/$version`` or
+         ``$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/$appname/$version``
+        """
+        path = os.environ.get("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", "")
+        if not path.strip():
+            path = os.path.expanduser("~/.config")
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(path)
+
+    @property
+    def site_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: config directories shared by users (if `multipath <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.multipath>`
+         is enabled and ``XDG_DATA_DIR`` is set and a multi path the response is also a multi path separated by the OS
+         path separator), e.g. ``/etc/xdg/$appname/$version``
+        """
+        # XDG default for $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS only first, if multipath is False
+        path = os.environ.get("XDG_CONFIG_DIRS", "")
+        if not path.strip():
+            path = "/etc/xdg"
+        return self._with_multi_path(path)
+
+    @property
+    def user_cache_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: cache directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/.cache/$appname/$version`` or
+         ``~/$XDG_CACHE_HOME/$appname/$version``
+        """
+        path = os.environ.get("XDG_CACHE_HOME", "")
+        if not path.strip():
+            path = os.path.expanduser("~/.cache")
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(path)
+
+    @property
+    def user_state_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: state directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/.local/state/$appname/$version`` or
+         ``$XDG_STATE_HOME/$appname/$version``
+        """
+        path = os.environ.get("XDG_STATE_HOME", "")
+        if not path.strip():
+            path = os.path.expanduser("~/.local/state")
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(path)
+
+    @property
+    def user_log_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: log directory tied to the user, same as `user_data_dir` if not opinionated else ``log`` in it
+        """
+        path = self.user_cache_dir
+        if self.opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "log")
+        return path
+
+    @property
+    def user_documents_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: documents directory tied to the user, e.g. ``~/Documents``
+        """
+        documents_dir = _get_user_dirs_folder("XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR")
+        if documents_dir is None:
+            documents_dir = os.environ.get("XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR", "").strip()
+            if not documents_dir:
+                documents_dir = os.path.expanduser("~/Documents")
+
+        return documents_dir
+
+    @property
+    def user_runtime_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: runtime directory tied to the user, e.g. ``/run/user/$(id -u)/$appname/$version`` or
+         ``$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/$appname/$version``
+        """
+        path = os.environ.get("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR", "")
+        if not path.strip():
+            path = f"/run/user/{getuid()}"
+        return self._append_app_name_and_version(path)
+
+    @property
+    def site_data_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: data path shared by users. Only return first item, even if ``multipath`` is set to ``True``"""
+        return self._first_item_as_path_if_multipath(self.site_data_dir)
+
+    @property
+    def site_config_path(self) -> Path:
+        """:return: config path shared by the users. Only return first item, even if ``multipath`` is set to ``True``"""
+        return self._first_item_as_path_if_multipath(self.site_config_dir)
+
+    def _first_item_as_path_if_multipath(self, directory: str) -> Path:
+        if self.multipath:
+            # If multipath is True, the first path is returned.
+            directory = directory.split(os.pathsep)[0]
+        return Path(directory)
+
+
+def _get_user_dirs_folder(key: str) -> str | None:
+    """Return directory from user-dirs.dirs config file. See https://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/xdg-user-dirs/"""
+    user_dirs_config_path = os.path.join(Unix().user_config_dir, "user-dirs.dirs")
+    if os.path.exists(user_dirs_config_path):
+        parser = ConfigParser()
+
+        with open(user_dirs_config_path) as stream:
+            # Add fake section header, so ConfigParser doesn't complain
+            parser.read_string(f"[top]\n{stream.read()}")
+
+        if key not in parser["top"]:
+            return None
+
+        path = parser["top"][key].strip('"')
+        # Handle relative home paths
+        path = path.replace("$HOME", os.path.expanduser("~"))
+        return path
+
+    return None
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Unix",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..175ded8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+""" Version information """
+
+__version__ = "2.4.1"
+__version_info__ = (2, 4, 1)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/windows.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/windows.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef972bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/platformdirs/windows.py
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ctypes
+import os
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import Callable
+
+from .api import PlatformDirsABC
+
+
+class Windows(PlatformDirsABC):
+    """`MSDN on where to store app data files
+    <http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;310294#XSLTH3194121123120121120120>`_.
+    Makes use of the
+    `appname <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appname>`,
+    `appauthor <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.appauthor>`,
+    `version <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.version>`,
+    `roaming <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.roaming>`,
+    `opinion <platformdirs.api.PlatformDirsABC.opinion>`."""
+
+    @property
+    def user_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: data directory tied to the user, e.g.
+         ``%USERPROFILE%\\AppData\\Local\\$appauthor\\$appname`` (not roaming) or
+         ``%USERPROFILE%\\AppData\\Roaming\\$appauthor\\$appname`` (roaming)
+        """
+        const = "CSIDL_APPDATA" if self.roaming else "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"
+        path = os.path.normpath(get_win_folder(const))
+        return self._append_parts(path)
+
+    def _append_parts(self, path: str, *, opinion_value: str | None = None) -> str:
+        params = []
+        if self.appname:
+            if self.appauthor is not False:
+                author = self.appauthor or self.appname
+                params.append(author)
+            params.append(self.appname)
+            if opinion_value is not None and self.opinion:
+                params.append(opinion_value)
+            if self.version:
+                params.append(self.version)
+        return os.path.join(path, *params)
+
+    @property
+    def site_data_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: data directory shared by users, e.g. ``C:\\ProgramData\\$appauthor\\$appname``"""
+        path = os.path.normpath(get_win_folder("CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA"))
+        return self._append_parts(path)
+
+    @property
+    def user_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: config directory tied to the user, same as `user_data_dir`"""
+        return self.user_data_dir
+
+    @property
+    def site_config_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: config directory shared by the users, same as `site_data_dir`"""
+        return self.site_data_dir
+
+    @property
+    def user_cache_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: cache directory tied to the user (if opinionated with ``Cache`` folder within ``$appname``) e.g.
+         ``%USERPROFILE%\\AppData\\Local\\$appauthor\\$appname\\Cache\\$version``
+        """
+        path = os.path.normpath(get_win_folder("CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"))
+        return self._append_parts(path, opinion_value="Cache")
+
+    @property
+    def user_state_dir(self) -> str:
+        """:return: state directory tied to the user, same as `user_data_dir`"""
+        return self.user_data_dir
+
+    @property
+    def user_log_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: log directory tied to the user, same as `user_data_dir` if not opinionated else ``Logs`` in it
+        """
+        path = self.user_data_dir
+        if self.opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "Logs")
+        return path
+
+    @property
+    def user_documents_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: documents directory tied to the user e.g. ``%USERPROFILE%\\Documents``
+        """
+        return os.path.normpath(get_win_folder("CSIDL_PERSONAL"))
+
+    @property
+    def user_runtime_dir(self) -> str:
+        """
+        :return: runtime directory tied to the user, e.g.
+         ``%USERPROFILE%\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\$appauthor\\$appname``
+        """
+        path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(get_win_folder("CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"), "Temp"))
+        return self._append_parts(path)
+
+
+def get_win_folder_from_env_vars(csidl_name: str) -> str:
+    """Get folder from environment variables."""
+    if csidl_name == "CSIDL_PERSONAL":  # does not have an environment name
+        return os.path.join(os.path.normpath(os.environ["USERPROFILE"]), "Documents")
+
+    env_var_name = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": "APPDATA",
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": "ALLUSERSPROFILE",
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": "LOCALAPPDATA",
+    }.get(csidl_name)
+    if env_var_name is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown CSIDL name: {csidl_name}")
+    result = os.environ.get(env_var_name)
+    if result is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unset environment variable: {env_var_name}")
+    return result
+
+
+def get_win_folder_from_registry(csidl_name: str) -> str:
+    """Get folder from the registry.
+
+    This is a fallback technique at best. I'm not sure if using the
+    registry for this guarantees us the correct answer for all CSIDL_*
+    names.
+    """
+    shell_folder_name = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": "AppData",
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": "Common AppData",
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": "Local AppData",
+        "CSIDL_PERSONAL": "Personal",
+    }.get(csidl_name)
+    if shell_folder_name is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown CSIDL name: {csidl_name}")
+
+    import winreg
+
+    key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, r"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders")
+    directory, _ = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, shell_folder_name)
+    return str(directory)
+
+
+def get_win_folder_via_ctypes(csidl_name: str) -> str:
+    """Get folder with ctypes."""
+    csidl_const = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": 26,
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": 35,
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": 28,
+        "CSIDL_PERSONAL": 5,
+    }.get(csidl_name)
+    if csidl_const is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown CSIDL name: {csidl_name}")
+
+    buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+    windll = getattr(ctypes, "windll")  # noqa: B009 # using getattr to avoid false positive with mypy type checker
+    windll.shell32.SHGetFolderPathW(None, csidl_const, None, 0, buf)
+
+    # Downgrade to short path name if it has highbit chars.
+    if any(ord(c) > 255 for c in buf):
+        buf2 = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+        if windll.kernel32.GetShortPathNameW(buf.value, buf2, 1024):
+            buf = buf2
+
+    return buf.value
+
+
+def _pick_get_win_folder() -> Callable[[str], str]:
+    if hasattr(ctypes, "windll"):
+        return get_win_folder_via_ctypes
+    try:
+        import winreg  # noqa: F401
+    except ImportError:
+        return get_win_folder_from_env_vars
+    else:
+        return get_win_folder_from_registry
+
+
+get_win_folder = lru_cache(maxsize=None)(_pick_get_win_folder())
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Windows",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b434b30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Georgios Verigakis <verigak@gmail.com>
+#
+# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+# OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+from __future__ import division, print_function
+
+from collections import deque
+from datetime import timedelta
+from math import ceil
+from sys import stderr
+try:
+    from time import monotonic
+except ImportError:
+    from time import time as monotonic
+
+
+__version__ = '1.6'
+
+HIDE_CURSOR = '\x1b[?25l'
+SHOW_CURSOR = '\x1b[?25h'
+
+
+class Infinite(object):
+    file = stderr
+    sma_window = 10         # Simple Moving Average window
+    check_tty = True
+    hide_cursor = True
+
+    def __init__(self, message='', **kwargs):
+        self.index = 0
+        self.start_ts = monotonic()
+        self.avg = 0
+        self._avg_update_ts = self.start_ts
+        self._ts = self.start_ts
+        self._xput = deque(maxlen=self.sma_window)
+        for key, val in kwargs.items():
+            setattr(self, key, val)
+
+        self._max_width = 0
+        self._hidden_cursor = False
+        self.message = message
+
+        if self.file and self.is_tty():
+            if self.hide_cursor:
+                print(HIDE_CURSOR, end='', file=self.file)
+                self._hidden_cursor = True
+        self.writeln('')
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        if self._hidden_cursor:
+            print(SHOW_CURSOR, end='', file=self.file)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        if key.startswith('_'):
+            return None
+        return getattr(self, key, None)
+
+    @property
+    def elapsed(self):
+        return int(monotonic() - self.start_ts)
+
+    @property
+    def elapsed_td(self):
+        return timedelta(seconds=self.elapsed)
+
+    def update_avg(self, n, dt):
+        if n > 0:
+            xput_len = len(self._xput)
+            self._xput.append(dt / n)
+            now = monotonic()
+            # update when we're still filling _xput, then after every second
+            if (xput_len < self.sma_window or
+                    now - self._avg_update_ts > 1):
+                self.avg = sum(self._xput) / len(self._xput)
+                self._avg_update_ts = now
+
+    def update(self):
+        pass
+
+    def start(self):
+        pass
+
+    def writeln(self, line):
+        if self.file and self.is_tty():
+            width = len(line)
+            if width < self._max_width:
+                # Add padding to cover previous contents
+                line += ' ' * (self._max_width - width)
+            else:
+                self._max_width = width
+            print('\r' + line, end='', file=self.file)
+            self.file.flush()
+
+    def finish(self):
+        if self.file and self.is_tty():
+            print(file=self.file)
+            if self._hidden_cursor:
+                print(SHOW_CURSOR, end='', file=self.file)
+                self._hidden_cursor = False
+
+    def is_tty(self):
+        try:
+            return self.file.isatty() if self.check_tty else True
+        except AttributeError:
+            msg = "%s has no attribute 'isatty'. Try setting check_tty=False." % self
+            raise AttributeError(msg)
+
+    def next(self, n=1):
+        now = monotonic()
+        dt = now - self._ts
+        self.update_avg(n, dt)
+        self._ts = now
+        self.index = self.index + n
+        self.update()
+
+    def iter(self, it):
+        self.iter_value = None
+        with self:
+            for x in it:
+                self.iter_value = x
+                yield x
+                self.next()
+        del self.iter_value
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.start()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        self.finish()
+
+
+class Progress(Infinite):
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(Progress, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.max = kwargs.get('max', 100)
+
+    @property
+    def eta(self):
+        return int(ceil(self.avg * self.remaining))
+
+    @property
+    def eta_td(self):
+        return timedelta(seconds=self.eta)
+
+    @property
+    def percent(self):
+        return self.progress * 100
+
+    @property
+    def progress(self):
+        if self.max == 0:
+            return 0
+        return min(1, self.index / self.max)
+
+    @property
+    def remaining(self):
+        return max(self.max - self.index, 0)
+
+    def start(self):
+        self.update()
+
+    def goto(self, index):
+        incr = index - self.index
+        self.next(incr)
+
+    def iter(self, it):
+        try:
+            self.max = len(it)
+        except TypeError:
+            pass
+
+        self.iter_value = None
+        with self:
+            for x in it:
+                self.iter_value = x
+                yield x
+                self.next()
+        del self.iter_value
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/bar.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/bar.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df4e8b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/bar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Georgios Verigakis <verigak@gmail.com>
+#
+# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+# OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import sys
+
+from . import Progress
+from .colors import color
+
+
+class Bar(Progress):
+    width = 32
+    suffix = '%(index)d/%(max)d'
+    bar_prefix = ' |'
+    bar_suffix = '| '
+    empty_fill = ' '
+    fill = '#'
+    color = None
+
+    def update(self):
+        filled_length = int(self.width * self.progress)
+        empty_length = self.width - filled_length
+
+        message = self.message % self
+        bar = color(self.fill * filled_length, fg=self.color)
+        empty = self.empty_fill * empty_length
+        suffix = self.suffix % self
+        line = ''.join([message, self.bar_prefix, bar, empty, self.bar_suffix,
+                        suffix])
+        self.writeln(line)
+
+
+class ChargingBar(Bar):
+    suffix = '%(percent)d%%'
+    bar_prefix = ' '
+    bar_suffix = ' '
+    empty_fill = '∙'
+    fill = '█'
+
+
+class FillingSquaresBar(ChargingBar):
+    empty_fill = '▢'
+    fill = '▣'
+
+
+class FillingCirclesBar(ChargingBar):
+    empty_fill = '◯'
+    fill = '◉'
+
+
+class IncrementalBar(Bar):
+    if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
+        phases = (u' ', u'▌', u'█')
+    else:
+        phases = (' ', '▏', '▎', '▍', '▌', '▋', '▊', '▉', '█')
+
+    def update(self):
+        nphases = len(self.phases)
+        filled_len = self.width * self.progress
+        nfull = int(filled_len)                      # Number of full chars
+        phase = int((filled_len - nfull) * nphases)  # Phase of last char
+        nempty = self.width - nfull                  # Number of empty chars
+
+        message = self.message % self
+        bar = color(self.phases[-1] * nfull, fg=self.color)
+        current = self.phases[phase] if phase > 0 else ''
+        empty = self.empty_fill * max(0, nempty - len(current))
+        suffix = self.suffix % self
+        line = ''.join([message, self.bar_prefix, bar, current, empty,
+                        self.bar_suffix, suffix])
+        self.writeln(line)
+
+
+class PixelBar(IncrementalBar):
+    phases = ('⡀', '⡄', '⡆', '⡇', '⣇', '⣧', '⣷', '⣿')
+
+
+class ShadyBar(IncrementalBar):
+    phases = (' ', '░', '▒', '▓', '█')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/colors.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/colors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e770f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/colors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2020 Georgios Verigakis <verigak@gmail.com>
+#
+# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+# OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+from functools import partial
+
+
+COLORS = ('black', 'red', 'green', 'yellow', 'blue', 'magenta', 'cyan',
+          'white')
+STYLES = ('bold', 'faint', 'italic', 'underline', 'blink', 'blink2',
+          'negative', 'concealed', 'crossed')
+
+
+def color(s, fg=None, bg=None, style=None):
+    sgr = []
+
+    if fg:
+        if fg in COLORS:
+            sgr.append(str(30 + COLORS.index(fg)))
+        elif isinstance(fg, int) and 0 <= fg <= 255:
+            sgr.append('38;5;%d' % int(fg))
+        else:
+            raise Exception('Invalid color "%s"' % fg)
+
+    if bg:
+        if bg in COLORS:
+            sgr.append(str(40 + COLORS.index(bg)))
+        elif isinstance(bg, int) and 0 <= bg <= 255:
+            sgr.append('48;5;%d' % bg)
+        else:
+            raise Exception('Invalid color "%s"' % bg)
+
+    if style:
+        for st in style.split('+'):
+            if st in STYLES:
+                sgr.append(str(1 + STYLES.index(st)))
+            else:
+                raise Exception('Invalid style "%s"' % st)
+
+    if sgr:
+        prefix = '\x1b[' + ';'.join(sgr) + 'm'
+        suffix = '\x1b[0m'
+        return prefix + s + suffix
+    else:
+        return s
+
+
+# Foreground shortcuts
+black = partial(color, fg='black')
+red = partial(color, fg='red')
+green = partial(color, fg='green')
+yellow = partial(color, fg='yellow')
+blue = partial(color, fg='blue')
+magenta = partial(color, fg='magenta')
+cyan = partial(color, fg='cyan')
+white = partial(color, fg='white')
+
+# Style shortcuts
+bold = partial(color, style='bold')
+faint = partial(color, style='faint')
+italic = partial(color, style='italic')
+underline = partial(color, style='underline')
+blink = partial(color, style='blink')
+blink2 = partial(color, style='blink2')
+negative = partial(color, style='negative')
+concealed = partial(color, style='concealed')
+crossed = partial(color, style='crossed')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/counter.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/counter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0fbe7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/counter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Georgios Verigakis <verigak@gmail.com>
+#
+# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+# OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+from . import Infinite, Progress
+
+
+class Counter(Infinite):
+    def update(self):
+        message = self.message % self
+        line = ''.join([message, str(self.index)])
+        self.writeln(line)
+
+
+class Countdown(Progress):
+    def update(self):
+        message = self.message % self
+        line = ''.join([message, str(self.remaining)])
+        self.writeln(line)
+
+
+class Stack(Progress):
+    phases = (' ', '▁', '▂', '▃', '▄', '▅', '▆', '▇', '█')
+
+    def update(self):
+        nphases = len(self.phases)
+        i = min(nphases - 1, int(self.progress * nphases))
+        message = self.message % self
+        line = ''.join([message, self.phases[i]])
+        self.writeln(line)
+
+
+class Pie(Stack):
+    phases = ('○', '◔', '◑', '◕', '●')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/spinner.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/spinner.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d593a20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/progress/spinner.py
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Georgios Verigakis <verigak@gmail.com>
+#
+# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+# OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+from . import Infinite
+
+
+class Spinner(Infinite):
+    phases = ('-', '\\', '|', '/')
+    hide_cursor = True
+
+    def update(self):
+        i = self.index % len(self.phases)
+        message = self.message % self
+        line = ''.join([message, self.phases[i]])
+        self.writeln(line)
+
+
+class PieSpinner(Spinner):
+    phases = ['◷', '◶', '◵', '◴']
+
+
+class MoonSpinner(Spinner):
+    phases = ['◑', '◒', '◐', '◓']
+
+
+class LineSpinner(Spinner):
+    phases = ['⎺', '⎻', '⎼', '⎽', '⎼', '⎻']
+
+
+class PixelSpinner(Spinner):
+    phases = ['⣾', '⣷', '⣯', '⣟', '⡿', '⢿', '⣻', '⣽']
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22c50b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+"""
+    Pygments
+    ~~~~~~~~
+
+    Pygments is a syntax highlighting package written in Python.
+
+    It is a generic syntax highlighter for general use in all kinds of software
+    such as forum systems, wikis or other applications that need to prettify
+    source code. Highlights are:
+
+    * a wide range of common languages and markup formats is supported
+    * special attention is paid to details, increasing quality by a fair amount
+    * support for new languages and formats are added easily
+    * a number of output formats, presently HTML, LaTeX, RTF, SVG, all image
+      formats that PIL supports, and ANSI sequences
+    * it is usable as a command-line tool and as a library
+    * ... and it highlights even Brainfuck!
+
+    The `Pygments master branch`_ is installable with ``easy_install Pygments==dev``.
+
+    .. _Pygments master branch:
+       https://github.com/pygments/pygments/archive/master.zip#egg=Pygments-dev
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+from io import StringIO, BytesIO
+
+__version__ = '2.11.2'
+__docformat__ = 'restructuredtext'
+
+__all__ = ['lex', 'format', 'highlight']
+
+
+def lex(code, lexer):
+    """
+    Lex ``code`` with ``lexer`` and return an iterable of tokens.
+    """
+    try:
+        return lexer.get_tokens(code)
+    except TypeError as err:
+        if (isinstance(err.args[0], str) and
+            ('unbound method get_tokens' in err.args[0] or
+             'missing 1 required positional argument' in err.args[0])):
+            raise TypeError('lex() argument must be a lexer instance, '
+                            'not a class')
+        raise
+
+
+def format(tokens, formatter, outfile=None):  # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
+    """
+    Format a tokenlist ``tokens`` with the formatter ``formatter``.
+
+    If ``outfile`` is given and a valid file object (an object
+    with a ``write`` method), the result will be written to it, otherwise
+    it is returned as a string.
+    """
+    try:
+        if not outfile:
+            realoutfile = getattr(formatter, 'encoding', None) and BytesIO() or StringIO()
+            formatter.format(tokens, realoutfile)
+            return realoutfile.getvalue()
+        else:
+            formatter.format(tokens, outfile)
+    except TypeError as err:
+        if (isinstance(err.args[0], str) and
+            ('unbound method format' in err.args[0] or
+             'missing 1 required positional argument' in err.args[0])):
+            raise TypeError('format() argument must be a formatter instance, '
+                            'not a class')
+        raise
+
+
+def highlight(code, lexer, formatter, outfile=None):
+    """
+    Lex ``code`` with ``lexer`` and format it with the formatter ``formatter``.
+
+    If ``outfile`` is given and a valid file object (an object
+    with a ``write`` method), the result will be written to it, otherwise
+    it is returned as a string.
+    """
+    return format(lex(code, lexer), formatter, outfile)
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/__main__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..010896b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+"""
+    pygments.__main__
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Main entry point for ``python -m pygments``.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import sys
+from pip._vendor.pygments.cmdline import main
+
+try:
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
+except KeyboardInterrupt:
+    sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/cmdline.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/cmdline.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..908064e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/cmdline.py
@@ -0,0 +1,663 @@
+"""
+    pygments.cmdline
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Command line interface.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import shutil
+import argparse
+from textwrap import dedent
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments import __version__, highlight
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import ClassNotFound, OptionError, docstring_headline, \
+    guess_decode, guess_decode_from_terminal, terminal_encoding, \
+    UnclosingTextIOWrapper
+from pip._vendor.pygments.lexers import get_all_lexers, get_lexer_by_name, guess_lexer, \
+    load_lexer_from_file, get_lexer_for_filename, find_lexer_class_for_filename
+from pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.special import TextLexer
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatters.latex import LatexEmbeddedLexer, LatexFormatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatters import get_all_formatters, get_formatter_by_name, \
+    load_formatter_from_file, get_formatter_for_filename, find_formatter_class
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatters.terminal import TerminalFormatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatters.terminal256 import Terminal256Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.filters import get_all_filters, find_filter_class
+from pip._vendor.pygments.styles import get_all_styles, get_style_by_name
+
+
+def _parse_options(o_strs):
+    opts = {}
+    if not o_strs:
+        return opts
+    for o_str in o_strs:
+        if not o_str.strip():
+            continue
+        o_args = o_str.split(',')
+        for o_arg in o_args:
+            o_arg = o_arg.strip()
+            try:
+                o_key, o_val = o_arg.split('=', 1)
+                o_key = o_key.strip()
+                o_val = o_val.strip()
+            except ValueError:
+                opts[o_arg] = True
+            else:
+                opts[o_key] = o_val
+    return opts
+
+
+def _parse_filters(f_strs):
+    filters = []
+    if not f_strs:
+        return filters
+    for f_str in f_strs:
+        if ':' in f_str:
+            fname, fopts = f_str.split(':', 1)
+            filters.append((fname, _parse_options([fopts])))
+        else:
+            filters.append((f_str, {}))
+    return filters
+
+
+def _print_help(what, name):
+    try:
+        if what == 'lexer':
+            cls = get_lexer_by_name(name)
+            print("Help on the %s lexer:" % cls.name)
+            print(dedent(cls.__doc__))
+        elif what == 'formatter':
+            cls = find_formatter_class(name)
+            print("Help on the %s formatter:" % cls.name)
+            print(dedent(cls.__doc__))
+        elif what == 'filter':
+            cls = find_filter_class(name)
+            print("Help on the %s filter:" % name)
+            print(dedent(cls.__doc__))
+        return 0
+    except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+        print("%s not found!" % what, file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+
+
+def _print_list(what):
+    if what == 'lexer':
+        print()
+        print("Lexers:")
+        print("~~~~~~~")
+
+        info = []
+        for fullname, names, exts, _ in get_all_lexers():
+            tup = (', '.join(names)+':', fullname,
+                   exts and '(filenames ' + ', '.join(exts) + ')' or '')
+            info.append(tup)
+        info.sort()
+        for i in info:
+            print(('* %s\n    %s %s') % i)
+
+    elif what == 'formatter':
+        print()
+        print("Formatters:")
+        print("~~~~~~~~~~~")
+
+        info = []
+        for cls in get_all_formatters():
+            doc = docstring_headline(cls)
+            tup = (', '.join(cls.aliases) + ':', doc, cls.filenames and
+                   '(filenames ' + ', '.join(cls.filenames) + ')' or '')
+            info.append(tup)
+        info.sort()
+        for i in info:
+            print(('* %s\n    %s %s') % i)
+
+    elif what == 'filter':
+        print()
+        print("Filters:")
+        print("~~~~~~~~")
+
+        for name in get_all_filters():
+            cls = find_filter_class(name)
+            print("* " + name + ':')
+            print("    %s" % docstring_headline(cls))
+
+    elif what == 'style':
+        print()
+        print("Styles:")
+        print("~~~~~~~")
+
+        for name in get_all_styles():
+            cls = get_style_by_name(name)
+            print("* " + name + ':')
+            print("    %s" % docstring_headline(cls))
+
+
+def _print_list_as_json(requested_items):
+    import json
+    result = {}
+    if 'lexer' in requested_items:
+        info = {}
+        for fullname, names, filenames, mimetypes in get_all_lexers():
+            info[fullname] = {
+                'aliases': names,
+                'filenames': filenames,
+                'mimetypes': mimetypes
+            }
+        result['lexers'] = info
+
+    if 'formatter' in requested_items:
+        info = {}
+        for cls in get_all_formatters():
+            doc = docstring_headline(cls)
+            info[cls.name] = {
+                'aliases': cls.aliases,
+                'filenames': cls.filenames,
+                'doc': doc
+            }
+        result['formatters'] = info
+
+    if 'filter' in requested_items:
+        info = {}
+        for name in get_all_filters():
+            cls = find_filter_class(name)
+            info[name] = {
+                'doc': docstring_headline(cls)
+            }
+        result['filters'] = info
+
+    if 'style' in requested_items:
+        info = {}
+        for name in get_all_styles():
+            cls = get_style_by_name(name)
+            info[name] = {
+                'doc': docstring_headline(cls)
+            }
+        result['styles'] = info
+
+    json.dump(result, sys.stdout)
+
+def main_inner(parser, argns):
+    if argns.help:
+        parser.print_help()
+        return 0
+
+    if argns.V:
+        print('Pygments version %s, (c) 2006-2021 by Georg Brandl, Matthäus '
+              'Chajdas and contributors.' % __version__)
+        return 0
+
+    def is_only_option(opt):
+        return not any(v for (k, v) in vars(argns).items() if k != opt)
+
+    # handle ``pygmentize -L``
+    if argns.L is not None:
+        arg_set = set()
+        for k, v in vars(argns).items():
+            if v:
+                arg_set.add(k)
+
+        arg_set.discard('L')
+        arg_set.discard('json')
+
+        if arg_set:
+            parser.print_help(sys.stderr)
+            return 2
+
+        # print version
+        if not argns.json:
+            main(['', '-V'])
+        allowed_types = {'lexer', 'formatter', 'filter', 'style'}
+        largs = [arg.rstrip('s') for arg in argns.L]
+        if any(arg not in allowed_types for arg in largs):
+            parser.print_help(sys.stderr)
+            return 0
+        if not largs:
+            largs = allowed_types
+        if not argns.json:
+            for arg in largs:
+                _print_list(arg)
+        else:
+            _print_list_as_json(largs)
+        return 0
+
+    # handle ``pygmentize -H``
+    if argns.H:
+        if not is_only_option('H'):
+            parser.print_help(sys.stderr)
+            return 2
+        what, name = argns.H
+        if what not in ('lexer', 'formatter', 'filter'):
+            parser.print_help(sys.stderr)
+            return 2
+        return _print_help(what, name)
+
+    # parse -O options
+    parsed_opts = _parse_options(argns.O or [])
+
+    # parse -P options
+    for p_opt in argns.P or []:
+        try:
+            name, value = p_opt.split('=', 1)
+        except ValueError:
+            parsed_opts[p_opt] = True
+        else:
+            parsed_opts[name] = value
+
+    # encodings
+    inencoding = parsed_opts.get('inencoding', parsed_opts.get('encoding'))
+    outencoding = parsed_opts.get('outencoding', parsed_opts.get('encoding'))
+
+    # handle ``pygmentize -N``
+    if argns.N:
+        lexer = find_lexer_class_for_filename(argns.N)
+        if lexer is None:
+            lexer = TextLexer
+
+        print(lexer.aliases[0])
+        return 0
+
+    # handle ``pygmentize -C``
+    if argns.C:
+        inp = sys.stdin.buffer.read()
+        try:
+            lexer = guess_lexer(inp, inencoding=inencoding)
+        except ClassNotFound:
+            lexer = TextLexer
+
+        print(lexer.aliases[0])
+        return 0
+
+    # handle ``pygmentize -S``
+    S_opt = argns.S
+    a_opt = argns.a
+    if S_opt is not None:
+        f_opt = argns.f
+        if not f_opt:
+            parser.print_help(sys.stderr)
+            return 2
+        if argns.l or argns.INPUTFILE:
+            parser.print_help(sys.stderr)
+            return 2
+
+        try:
+            parsed_opts['style'] = S_opt
+            fmter = get_formatter_by_name(f_opt, **parsed_opts)
+        except ClassNotFound as err:
+            print(err, file=sys.stderr)
+            return 1
+
+        print(fmter.get_style_defs(a_opt or ''))
+        return 0
+
+    # if no -S is given, -a is not allowed
+    if argns.a is not None:
+        parser.print_help(sys.stderr)
+        return 2
+
+    # parse -F options
+    F_opts = _parse_filters(argns.F or [])
+
+    # -x: allow custom (eXternal) lexers and formatters
+    allow_custom_lexer_formatter = bool(argns.x)
+
+    # select lexer
+    lexer = None
+
+    # given by name?
+    lexername = argns.l
+    if lexername:
+        # custom lexer, located relative to user's cwd
+        if allow_custom_lexer_formatter and '.py' in lexername:
+            try:
+                filename = None
+                name = None
+                if ':' in lexername:
+                    filename, name = lexername.rsplit(':', 1)
+
+                    if '.py' in name:
+                        # This can happen on Windows: If the lexername is
+                        # C:\lexer.py -- return to normal load path in that case
+                        name = None
+
+                if filename and name:
+                    lexer = load_lexer_from_file(filename, name,
+                                                 **parsed_opts)
+                else:
+                    lexer = load_lexer_from_file(lexername, **parsed_opts)
+            except ClassNotFound as err:
+                print('Error:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+                return 1
+        else:
+            try:
+                lexer = get_lexer_by_name(lexername, **parsed_opts)
+            except (OptionError, ClassNotFound) as err:
+                print('Error:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+                return 1
+
+    # read input code
+    code = None
+
+    if argns.INPUTFILE:
+        if argns.s:
+            print('Error: -s option not usable when input file specified',
+                  file=sys.stderr)
+            return 2
+
+        infn = argns.INPUTFILE
+        try:
+            with open(infn, 'rb') as infp:
+                code = infp.read()
+        except Exception as err:
+            print('Error: cannot read infile:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+            return 1
+        if not inencoding:
+            code, inencoding = guess_decode(code)
+
+        # do we have to guess the lexer?
+        if not lexer:
+            try:
+                lexer = get_lexer_for_filename(infn, code, **parsed_opts)
+            except ClassNotFound as err:
+                if argns.g:
+                    try:
+                        lexer = guess_lexer(code, **parsed_opts)
+                    except ClassNotFound:
+                        lexer = TextLexer(**parsed_opts)
+                else:
+                    print('Error:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+                    return 1
+            except OptionError as err:
+                print('Error:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+                return 1
+
+    elif not argns.s:  # treat stdin as full file (-s support is later)
+        # read code from terminal, always in binary mode since we want to
+        # decode ourselves and be tolerant with it
+        code = sys.stdin.buffer.read()  # use .buffer to get a binary stream
+        if not inencoding:
+            code, inencoding = guess_decode_from_terminal(code, sys.stdin)
+            # else the lexer will do the decoding
+        if not lexer:
+            try:
+                lexer = guess_lexer(code, **parsed_opts)
+            except ClassNotFound:
+                lexer = TextLexer(**parsed_opts)
+
+    else:  # -s option needs a lexer with -l
+        if not lexer:
+            print('Error: when using -s a lexer has to be selected with -l',
+                  file=sys.stderr)
+            return 2
+
+    # process filters
+    for fname, fopts in F_opts:
+        try:
+            lexer.add_filter(fname, **fopts)
+        except ClassNotFound as err:
+            print('Error:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+            return 1
+
+    # select formatter
+    outfn = argns.o
+    fmter = argns.f
+    if fmter:
+        # custom formatter, located relative to user's cwd
+        if allow_custom_lexer_formatter and '.py' in fmter:
+            try:
+                filename = None
+                name = None
+                if ':' in fmter:
+                    # Same logic as above for custom lexer
+                    filename, name = fmter.rsplit(':', 1)
+
+                    if '.py' in name:
+                        name = None
+
+                if filename and name:
+                    fmter = load_formatter_from_file(filename, name,
+                                                     **parsed_opts)
+                else:
+                    fmter = load_formatter_from_file(fmter, **parsed_opts)
+            except ClassNotFound as err:
+                print('Error:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+                return 1
+        else:
+            try:
+                fmter = get_formatter_by_name(fmter, **parsed_opts)
+            except (OptionError, ClassNotFound) as err:
+                print('Error:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+                return 1
+
+    if outfn:
+        if not fmter:
+            try:
+                fmter = get_formatter_for_filename(outfn, **parsed_opts)
+            except (OptionError, ClassNotFound) as err:
+                print('Error:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+                return 1
+        try:
+            outfile = open(outfn, 'wb')
+        except Exception as err:
+            print('Error: cannot open outfile:', err, file=sys.stderr)
+            return 1
+    else:
+        if not fmter:
+            if '256' in os.environ.get('TERM', ''):
+                fmter = Terminal256Formatter(**parsed_opts)
+            else:
+                fmter = TerminalFormatter(**parsed_opts)
+        outfile = sys.stdout.buffer
+
+    # determine output encoding if not explicitly selected
+    if not outencoding:
+        if outfn:
+            # output file? use lexer encoding for now (can still be None)
+            fmter.encoding = inencoding
+        else:
+            # else use terminal encoding
+            fmter.encoding = terminal_encoding(sys.stdout)
+
+    # provide coloring under Windows, if possible
+    if not outfn and sys.platform in ('win32', 'cygwin') and \
+       fmter.name in ('Terminal', 'Terminal256'):  # pragma: no cover
+        # unfortunately colorama doesn't support binary streams on Py3
+        outfile = UnclosingTextIOWrapper(outfile, encoding=fmter.encoding)
+        fmter.encoding = None
+        try:
+            import pip._vendor.colorama.initialise as colorama_initialise
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            outfile = colorama_initialise.wrap_stream(
+                outfile, convert=None, strip=None, autoreset=False, wrap=True)
+
+    # When using the LaTeX formatter and the option `escapeinside` is
+    # specified, we need a special lexer which collects escaped text
+    # before running the chosen language lexer.
+    escapeinside = parsed_opts.get('escapeinside', '')
+    if len(escapeinside) == 2 and isinstance(fmter, LatexFormatter):
+        left = escapeinside[0]
+        right = escapeinside[1]
+        lexer = LatexEmbeddedLexer(left, right, lexer)
+
+    # ... and do it!
+    if not argns.s:
+        # process whole input as per normal...
+        try:
+            highlight(code, lexer, fmter, outfile)
+        finally:
+            if outfn:
+                outfile.close()
+        return 0
+    else:
+        # line by line processing of stdin (eg: for 'tail -f')...
+        try:
+            while 1:
+                line = sys.stdin.buffer.readline()
+                if not line:
+                    break
+                if not inencoding:
+                    line = guess_decode_from_terminal(line, sys.stdin)[0]
+                highlight(line, lexer, fmter, outfile)
+                if hasattr(outfile, 'flush'):
+                    outfile.flush()
+            return 0
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:  # pragma: no cover
+            return 0
+        finally:
+            if outfn:
+                outfile.close()
+
+
+class HelpFormatter(argparse.HelpFormatter):
+    def __init__(self, prog, indent_increment=2, max_help_position=16, width=None):
+        if width is None:
+            try:
+                width = shutil.get_terminal_size().columns - 2
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        argparse.HelpFormatter.__init__(self, prog, indent_increment,
+                                        max_help_position, width)
+
+
+def main(args=sys.argv):
+    """
+    Main command line entry point.
+    """
+    desc = "Highlight an input file and write the result to an output file."
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=desc, add_help=False,
+                                     formatter_class=HelpFormatter)
+
+    operation = parser.add_argument_group('Main operation')
+    lexersel = operation.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
+    lexersel.add_argument(
+        '-l', metavar='LEXER',
+        help='Specify the lexer to use.  (Query names with -L.)  If not '
+        'given and -g is not present, the lexer is guessed from the filename.')
+    lexersel.add_argument(
+        '-g', action='store_true',
+        help='Guess the lexer from the file contents, or pass through '
+        'as plain text if nothing can be guessed.')
+    operation.add_argument(
+        '-F', metavar='FILTER[:options]', action='append',
+        help='Add a filter to the token stream.  (Query names with -L.) '
+        'Filter options are given after a colon if necessary.')
+    operation.add_argument(
+        '-f', metavar='FORMATTER',
+        help='Specify the formatter to use.  (Query names with -L.) '
+        'If not given, the formatter is guessed from the output filename, '
+        'and defaults to the terminal formatter if the output is to the '
+        'terminal or an unknown file extension.')
+    operation.add_argument(
+        '-O', metavar='OPTION=value[,OPTION=value,...]', action='append',
+        help='Give options to the lexer and formatter as a comma-separated '
+        'list of key-value pairs. '
+        'Example: `-O bg=light,python=cool`.')
+    operation.add_argument(
+        '-P', metavar='OPTION=value', action='append',
+        help='Give a single option to the lexer and formatter - with this '
+        'you can pass options whose value contains commas and equal signs. '
+        'Example: `-P "heading=Pygments, the Python highlighter"`.')
+    operation.add_argument(
+        '-o', metavar='OUTPUTFILE',
+        help='Where to write the output.  Defaults to standard output.')
+
+    operation.add_argument(
+        'INPUTFILE', nargs='?',
+        help='Where to read the input.  Defaults to standard input.')
+
+    flags = parser.add_argument_group('Operation flags')
+    flags.add_argument(
+        '-v', action='store_true',
+        help='Print a detailed traceback on unhandled exceptions, which '
+        'is useful for debugging and bug reports.')
+    flags.add_argument(
+        '-s', action='store_true',
+        help='Process lines one at a time until EOF, rather than waiting to '
+        'process the entire file.  This only works for stdin, only for lexers '
+        'with no line-spanning constructs, and is intended for streaming '
+        'input such as you get from `tail -f`. '
+        'Example usage: `tail -f sql.log | pygmentize -s -l sql`.')
+    flags.add_argument(
+        '-x', action='store_true',
+        help='Allow custom lexers and formatters to be loaded from a .py file '
+        'relative to the current working directory. For example, '
+        '`-l ./customlexer.py -x`. By default, this option expects a file '
+        'with a class named CustomLexer or CustomFormatter; you can also '
+        'specify your own class name with a colon (`-l ./lexer.py:MyLexer`). '
+        'Users should be very careful not to use this option with untrusted '
+        'files, because it will import and run them.')
+    flags.add_argument('--json', help='Output as JSON. This can '
+        'be only used in conjunction with -L.',
+        default=False,
+        action='store_true')
+
+    special_modes_group = parser.add_argument_group(
+        'Special modes - do not do any highlighting')
+    special_modes = special_modes_group.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
+    special_modes.add_argument(
+        '-S', metavar='STYLE -f formatter',
+        help='Print style definitions for STYLE for a formatter '
+        'given with -f. The argument given by -a is formatter '
+        'dependent.')
+    special_modes.add_argument(
+        '-L', nargs='*', metavar='WHAT',
+        help='List lexers, formatters, styles or filters -- '
+        'give additional arguments for the thing(s) you want to list '
+        '(e.g. "styles"), or omit them to list everything.')
+    special_modes.add_argument(
+        '-N', metavar='FILENAME',
+        help='Guess and print out a lexer name based solely on the given '
+        'filename. Does not take input or highlight anything. If no specific '
+        'lexer can be determined, "text" is printed.')
+    special_modes.add_argument(
+        '-C', action='store_true',
+        help='Like -N, but print out a lexer name based solely on '
+        'a given content from standard input.')
+    special_modes.add_argument(
+        '-H', action='store', nargs=2, metavar=('NAME', 'TYPE'),
+        help='Print detailed help for the object <name> of type <type>, '
+        'where <type> is one of "lexer", "formatter" or "filter".')
+    special_modes.add_argument(
+        '-V', action='store_true',
+        help='Print the package version.')
+    special_modes.add_argument(
+        '-h', '--help', action='store_true',
+        help='Print this help.')
+    special_modes_group.add_argument(
+        '-a', metavar='ARG',
+        help='Formatter-specific additional argument for the -S (print '
+        'style sheet) mode.')
+
+    argns = parser.parse_args(args[1:])
+
+    try:
+        return main_inner(parser, argns)
+    except Exception:
+        if argns.v:
+            print(file=sys.stderr)
+            print('*' * 65, file=sys.stderr)
+            print('An unhandled exception occurred while highlighting.',
+                  file=sys.stderr)
+            print('Please report the whole traceback to the issue tracker at',
+                  file=sys.stderr)
+            print('<https://github.com/pygments/pygments/issues>.',
+                  file=sys.stderr)
+            print('*' * 65, file=sys.stderr)
+            print(file=sys.stderr)
+            raise
+        import traceback
+        info = traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info())
+        msg = info[-1].strip()
+        if len(info) >= 3:
+            # extract relevant file and position info
+            msg += '\n   (f%s)' % info[-2].split('\n')[0].strip()[1:]
+        print(file=sys.stderr)
+        print('*** Error while highlighting:', file=sys.stderr)
+        print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
+        print('*** If this is a bug you want to report, please rerun with -v.',
+              file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/console.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/console.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8dd08ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/console.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""
+    pygments.console
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Format colored console output.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+esc = "\x1b["
+
+codes = {}
+codes[""] = ""
+codes["reset"] = esc + "39;49;00m"
+
+codes["bold"] = esc + "01m"
+codes["faint"] = esc + "02m"
+codes["standout"] = esc + "03m"
+codes["underline"] = esc + "04m"
+codes["blink"] = esc + "05m"
+codes["overline"] = esc + "06m"
+
+dark_colors = ["black", "red", "green", "yellow", "blue",
+               "magenta", "cyan", "gray"]
+light_colors = ["brightblack", "brightred", "brightgreen", "brightyellow", "brightblue",
+                "brightmagenta", "brightcyan", "white"]
+
+x = 30
+for d, l in zip(dark_colors, light_colors):
+    codes[d] = esc + "%im" % x
+    codes[l] = esc + "%im" % (60 + x)
+    x += 1
+
+del d, l, x
+
+codes["white"] = codes["bold"]
+
+
+def reset_color():
+    return codes["reset"]
+
+
+def colorize(color_key, text):
+    return codes[color_key] + text + codes["reset"]
+
+
+def ansiformat(attr, text):
+    """
+    Format ``text`` with a color and/or some attributes::
+
+        color       normal color
+        *color*     bold color
+        _color_     underlined color
+        +color+     blinking color
+    """
+    result = []
+    if attr[:1] == attr[-1:] == '+':
+        result.append(codes['blink'])
+        attr = attr[1:-1]
+    if attr[:1] == attr[-1:] == '*':
+        result.append(codes['bold'])
+        attr = attr[1:-1]
+    if attr[:1] == attr[-1:] == '_':
+        result.append(codes['underline'])
+        attr = attr[1:-1]
+    result.append(codes[attr])
+    result.append(text)
+    result.append(codes['reset'])
+    return ''.join(result)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/filter.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/filter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85b4829
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/filter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+"""
+    pygments.filter
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Module that implements the default filter.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+
+def apply_filters(stream, filters, lexer=None):
+    """
+    Use this method to apply an iterable of filters to
+    a stream. If lexer is given it's forwarded to the
+    filter, otherwise the filter receives `None`.
+    """
+    def _apply(filter_, stream):
+        yield from filter_.filter(lexer, stream)
+    for filter_ in filters:
+        stream = _apply(filter_, stream)
+    return stream
+
+
+def simplefilter(f):
+    """
+    Decorator that converts a function into a filter::
+
+        @simplefilter
+        def lowercase(self, lexer, stream, options):
+            for ttype, value in stream:
+                yield ttype, value.lower()
+    """
+    return type(f.__name__, (FunctionFilter,), {
+        '__module__': getattr(f, '__module__'),
+        '__doc__': f.__doc__,
+        'function': f,
+    })
+
+
+class Filter:
+    """
+    Default filter. Subclass this class or use the `simplefilter`
+    decorator to create own filters.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        self.options = options
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class FunctionFilter(Filter):
+    """
+    Abstract class used by `simplefilter` to create simple
+    function filters on the fly. The `simplefilter` decorator
+    automatically creates subclasses of this class for
+    functions passed to it.
+    """
+    function = None
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        if not hasattr(self, 'function'):
+            raise TypeError('%r used without bound function' %
+                            self.__class__.__name__)
+        Filter.__init__(self, **options)
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        # pylint: disable=not-callable
+        yield from self.function(lexer, stream, self.options)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/filters/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/filters/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d5a808
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/filters/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,937 @@
+"""
+    pygments.filters
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Module containing filter lookup functions and default
+    filters.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import re
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import String, Comment, Keyword, Name, Error, Whitespace, \
+    string_to_tokentype
+from pip._vendor.pygments.filter import Filter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_list_opt, get_int_opt, get_bool_opt, \
+    get_choice_opt, ClassNotFound, OptionError
+from pip._vendor.pygments.plugin import find_plugin_filters
+
+
+def find_filter_class(filtername):
+    """Lookup a filter by name. Return None if not found."""
+    if filtername in FILTERS:
+        return FILTERS[filtername]
+    for name, cls in find_plugin_filters():
+        if name == filtername:
+            return cls
+    return None
+
+
+def get_filter_by_name(filtername, **options):
+    """Return an instantiated filter.
+
+    Options are passed to the filter initializer if wanted.
+    Raise a ClassNotFound if not found.
+    """
+    cls = find_filter_class(filtername)
+    if cls:
+        return cls(**options)
+    else:
+        raise ClassNotFound('filter %r not found' % filtername)
+
+
+def get_all_filters():
+    """Return a generator of all filter names."""
+    yield from FILTERS
+    for name, _ in find_plugin_filters():
+        yield name
+
+
+def _replace_special(ttype, value, regex, specialttype,
+                     replacefunc=lambda x: x):
+    last = 0
+    for match in regex.finditer(value):
+        start, end = match.start(), match.end()
+        if start != last:
+            yield ttype, value[last:start]
+        yield specialttype, replacefunc(value[start:end])
+        last = end
+    if last != len(value):
+        yield ttype, value[last:]
+
+
+class CodeTagFilter(Filter):
+    """Highlight special code tags in comments and docstrings.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `codetags` : list of strings
+       A list of strings that are flagged as code tags.  The default is to
+       highlight ``XXX``, ``TODO``, ``BUG`` and ``NOTE``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Filter.__init__(self, **options)
+        tags = get_list_opt(options, 'codetags',
+                            ['XXX', 'TODO', 'BUG', 'NOTE'])
+        self.tag_re = re.compile(r'\b(%s)\b' % '|'.join([
+            re.escape(tag) for tag in tags if tag
+        ]))
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        regex = self.tag_re
+        for ttype, value in stream:
+            if ttype in String.Doc or \
+               ttype in Comment and \
+               ttype not in Comment.Preproc:
+                yield from _replace_special(ttype, value, regex, Comment.Special)
+            else:
+                yield ttype, value
+
+
+class SymbolFilter(Filter):
+    """Convert mathematical symbols such as \\<longrightarrow> in Isabelle
+    or \\longrightarrow in LaTeX into Unicode characters.
+
+    This is mostly useful for HTML or console output when you want to
+    approximate the source rendering you'd see in an IDE.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `lang` : string
+       The symbol language. Must be one of ``'isabelle'`` or
+       ``'latex'``.  The default is ``'isabelle'``.
+    """
+
+    latex_symbols = {
+        '\\alpha'                : '\U000003b1',
+        '\\beta'                 : '\U000003b2',
+        '\\gamma'                : '\U000003b3',
+        '\\delta'                : '\U000003b4',
+        '\\varepsilon'           : '\U000003b5',
+        '\\zeta'                 : '\U000003b6',
+        '\\eta'                  : '\U000003b7',
+        '\\vartheta'             : '\U000003b8',
+        '\\iota'                 : '\U000003b9',
+        '\\kappa'                : '\U000003ba',
+        '\\lambda'               : '\U000003bb',
+        '\\mu'                   : '\U000003bc',
+        '\\nu'                   : '\U000003bd',
+        '\\xi'                   : '\U000003be',
+        '\\pi'                   : '\U000003c0',
+        '\\varrho'               : '\U000003c1',
+        '\\sigma'                : '\U000003c3',
+        '\\tau'                  : '\U000003c4',
+        '\\upsilon'              : '\U000003c5',
+        '\\varphi'               : '\U000003c6',
+        '\\chi'                  : '\U000003c7',
+        '\\psi'                  : '\U000003c8',
+        '\\omega'                : '\U000003c9',
+        '\\Gamma'                : '\U00000393',
+        '\\Delta'                : '\U00000394',
+        '\\Theta'                : '\U00000398',
+        '\\Lambda'               : '\U0000039b',
+        '\\Xi'                   : '\U0000039e',
+        '\\Pi'                   : '\U000003a0',
+        '\\Sigma'                : '\U000003a3',
+        '\\Upsilon'              : '\U000003a5',
+        '\\Phi'                  : '\U000003a6',
+        '\\Psi'                  : '\U000003a8',
+        '\\Omega'                : '\U000003a9',
+        '\\leftarrow'            : '\U00002190',
+        '\\longleftarrow'        : '\U000027f5',
+        '\\rightarrow'           : '\U00002192',
+        '\\longrightarrow'       : '\U000027f6',
+        '\\Leftarrow'            : '\U000021d0',
+        '\\Longleftarrow'        : '\U000027f8',
+        '\\Rightarrow'           : '\U000021d2',
+        '\\Longrightarrow'       : '\U000027f9',
+        '\\leftrightarrow'       : '\U00002194',
+        '\\longleftrightarrow'   : '\U000027f7',
+        '\\Leftrightarrow'       : '\U000021d4',
+        '\\Longleftrightarrow'   : '\U000027fa',
+        '\\mapsto'               : '\U000021a6',
+        '\\longmapsto'           : '\U000027fc',
+        '\\relbar'               : '\U00002500',
+        '\\Relbar'               : '\U00002550',
+        '\\hookleftarrow'        : '\U000021a9',
+        '\\hookrightarrow'       : '\U000021aa',
+        '\\leftharpoondown'      : '\U000021bd',
+        '\\rightharpoondown'     : '\U000021c1',
+        '\\leftharpoonup'        : '\U000021bc',
+        '\\rightharpoonup'       : '\U000021c0',
+        '\\rightleftharpoons'    : '\U000021cc',
+        '\\leadsto'              : '\U0000219d',
+        '\\downharpoonleft'      : '\U000021c3',
+        '\\downharpoonright'     : '\U000021c2',
+        '\\upharpoonleft'        : '\U000021bf',
+        '\\upharpoonright'       : '\U000021be',
+        '\\restriction'          : '\U000021be',
+        '\\uparrow'              : '\U00002191',
+        '\\Uparrow'              : '\U000021d1',
+        '\\downarrow'            : '\U00002193',
+        '\\Downarrow'            : '\U000021d3',
+        '\\updownarrow'          : '\U00002195',
+        '\\Updownarrow'          : '\U000021d5',
+        '\\langle'               : '\U000027e8',
+        '\\rangle'               : '\U000027e9',
+        '\\lceil'                : '\U00002308',
+        '\\rceil'                : '\U00002309',
+        '\\lfloor'               : '\U0000230a',
+        '\\rfloor'               : '\U0000230b',
+        '\\flqq'                 : '\U000000ab',
+        '\\frqq'                 : '\U000000bb',
+        '\\bot'                  : '\U000022a5',
+        '\\top'                  : '\U000022a4',
+        '\\wedge'                : '\U00002227',
+        '\\bigwedge'             : '\U000022c0',
+        '\\vee'                  : '\U00002228',
+        '\\bigvee'               : '\U000022c1',
+        '\\forall'               : '\U00002200',
+        '\\exists'               : '\U00002203',
+        '\\nexists'              : '\U00002204',
+        '\\neg'                  : '\U000000ac',
+        '\\Box'                  : '\U000025a1',
+        '\\Diamond'              : '\U000025c7',
+        '\\vdash'                : '\U000022a2',
+        '\\models'               : '\U000022a8',
+        '\\dashv'                : '\U000022a3',
+        '\\surd'                 : '\U0000221a',
+        '\\le'                   : '\U00002264',
+        '\\ge'                   : '\U00002265',
+        '\\ll'                   : '\U0000226a',
+        '\\gg'                   : '\U0000226b',
+        '\\lesssim'              : '\U00002272',
+        '\\gtrsim'               : '\U00002273',
+        '\\lessapprox'           : '\U00002a85',
+        '\\gtrapprox'            : '\U00002a86',
+        '\\in'                   : '\U00002208',
+        '\\notin'                : '\U00002209',
+        '\\subset'               : '\U00002282',
+        '\\supset'               : '\U00002283',
+        '\\subseteq'             : '\U00002286',
+        '\\supseteq'             : '\U00002287',
+        '\\sqsubset'             : '\U0000228f',
+        '\\sqsupset'             : '\U00002290',
+        '\\sqsubseteq'           : '\U00002291',
+        '\\sqsupseteq'           : '\U00002292',
+        '\\cap'                  : '\U00002229',
+        '\\bigcap'               : '\U000022c2',
+        '\\cup'                  : '\U0000222a',
+        '\\bigcup'               : '\U000022c3',
+        '\\sqcup'                : '\U00002294',
+        '\\bigsqcup'             : '\U00002a06',
+        '\\sqcap'                : '\U00002293',
+        '\\Bigsqcap'             : '\U00002a05',
+        '\\setminus'             : '\U00002216',
+        '\\propto'               : '\U0000221d',
+        '\\uplus'                : '\U0000228e',
+        '\\bigplus'              : '\U00002a04',
+        '\\sim'                  : '\U0000223c',
+        '\\doteq'                : '\U00002250',
+        '\\simeq'                : '\U00002243',
+        '\\approx'               : '\U00002248',
+        '\\asymp'                : '\U0000224d',
+        '\\cong'                 : '\U00002245',
+        '\\equiv'                : '\U00002261',
+        '\\Join'                 : '\U000022c8',
+        '\\bowtie'               : '\U00002a1d',
+        '\\prec'                 : '\U0000227a',
+        '\\succ'                 : '\U0000227b',
+        '\\preceq'               : '\U0000227c',
+        '\\succeq'               : '\U0000227d',
+        '\\parallel'             : '\U00002225',
+        '\\mid'                  : '\U000000a6',
+        '\\pm'                   : '\U000000b1',
+        '\\mp'                   : '\U00002213',
+        '\\times'                : '\U000000d7',
+        '\\div'                  : '\U000000f7',
+        '\\cdot'                 : '\U000022c5',
+        '\\star'                 : '\U000022c6',
+        '\\circ'                 : '\U00002218',
+        '\\dagger'               : '\U00002020',
+        '\\ddagger'              : '\U00002021',
+        '\\lhd'                  : '\U000022b2',
+        '\\rhd'                  : '\U000022b3',
+        '\\unlhd'                : '\U000022b4',
+        '\\unrhd'                : '\U000022b5',
+        '\\triangleleft'         : '\U000025c3',
+        '\\triangleright'        : '\U000025b9',
+        '\\triangle'             : '\U000025b3',
+        '\\triangleq'            : '\U0000225c',
+        '\\oplus'                : '\U00002295',
+        '\\bigoplus'             : '\U00002a01',
+        '\\otimes'               : '\U00002297',
+        '\\bigotimes'            : '\U00002a02',
+        '\\odot'                 : '\U00002299',
+        '\\bigodot'              : '\U00002a00',
+        '\\ominus'               : '\U00002296',
+        '\\oslash'               : '\U00002298',
+        '\\dots'                 : '\U00002026',
+        '\\cdots'                : '\U000022ef',
+        '\\sum'                  : '\U00002211',
+        '\\prod'                 : '\U0000220f',
+        '\\coprod'               : '\U00002210',
+        '\\infty'                : '\U0000221e',
+        '\\int'                  : '\U0000222b',
+        '\\oint'                 : '\U0000222e',
+        '\\clubsuit'             : '\U00002663',
+        '\\diamondsuit'          : '\U00002662',
+        '\\heartsuit'            : '\U00002661',
+        '\\spadesuit'            : '\U00002660',
+        '\\aleph'                : '\U00002135',
+        '\\emptyset'             : '\U00002205',
+        '\\nabla'                : '\U00002207',
+        '\\partial'              : '\U00002202',
+        '\\flat'                 : '\U0000266d',
+        '\\natural'              : '\U0000266e',
+        '\\sharp'                : '\U0000266f',
+        '\\angle'                : '\U00002220',
+        '\\copyright'            : '\U000000a9',
+        '\\textregistered'       : '\U000000ae',
+        '\\textonequarter'       : '\U000000bc',
+        '\\textonehalf'          : '\U000000bd',
+        '\\textthreequarters'    : '\U000000be',
+        '\\textordfeminine'      : '\U000000aa',
+        '\\textordmasculine'     : '\U000000ba',
+        '\\euro'                 : '\U000020ac',
+        '\\pounds'               : '\U000000a3',
+        '\\yen'                  : '\U000000a5',
+        '\\textcent'             : '\U000000a2',
+        '\\textcurrency'         : '\U000000a4',
+        '\\textdegree'           : '\U000000b0',
+    }
+
+    isabelle_symbols = {
+        '\\<zero>'                 : '\U0001d7ec',
+        '\\<one>'                  : '\U0001d7ed',
+        '\\<two>'                  : '\U0001d7ee',
+        '\\<three>'                : '\U0001d7ef',
+        '\\<four>'                 : '\U0001d7f0',
+        '\\<five>'                 : '\U0001d7f1',
+        '\\<six>'                  : '\U0001d7f2',
+        '\\<seven>'                : '\U0001d7f3',
+        '\\<eight>'                : '\U0001d7f4',
+        '\\<nine>'                 : '\U0001d7f5',
+        '\\<A>'                    : '\U0001d49c',
+        '\\<B>'                    : '\U0000212c',
+        '\\<C>'                    : '\U0001d49e',
+        '\\<D>'                    : '\U0001d49f',
+        '\\<E>'                    : '\U00002130',
+        '\\<F>'                    : '\U00002131',
+        '\\<G>'                    : '\U0001d4a2',
+        '\\<H>'                    : '\U0000210b',
+        '\\<I>'                    : '\U00002110',
+        '\\<J>'                    : '\U0001d4a5',
+        '\\<K>'                    : '\U0001d4a6',
+        '\\<L>'                    : '\U00002112',
+        '\\<M>'                    : '\U00002133',
+        '\\<N>'                    : '\U0001d4a9',
+        '\\<O>'                    : '\U0001d4aa',
+        '\\<P>'                    : '\U0001d4ab',
+        '\\<Q>'                    : '\U0001d4ac',
+        '\\<R>'                    : '\U0000211b',
+        '\\<S>'                    : '\U0001d4ae',
+        '\\<T>'                    : '\U0001d4af',
+        '\\<U>'                    : '\U0001d4b0',
+        '\\<V>'                    : '\U0001d4b1',
+        '\\<W>'                    : '\U0001d4b2',
+        '\\<X>'                    : '\U0001d4b3',
+        '\\<Y>'                    : '\U0001d4b4',
+        '\\<Z>'                    : '\U0001d4b5',
+        '\\<a>'                    : '\U0001d5ba',
+        '\\<b>'                    : '\U0001d5bb',
+        '\\<c>'                    : '\U0001d5bc',
+        '\\<d>'                    : '\U0001d5bd',
+        '\\<e>'                    : '\U0001d5be',
+        '\\<f>'                    : '\U0001d5bf',
+        '\\<g>'                    : '\U0001d5c0',
+        '\\<h>'                    : '\U0001d5c1',
+        '\\<i>'                    : '\U0001d5c2',
+        '\\<j>'                    : '\U0001d5c3',
+        '\\<k>'                    : '\U0001d5c4',
+        '\\<l>'                    : '\U0001d5c5',
+        '\\<m>'                    : '\U0001d5c6',
+        '\\<n>'                    : '\U0001d5c7',
+        '\\<o>'                    : '\U0001d5c8',
+        '\\<p>'                    : '\U0001d5c9',
+        '\\<q>'                    : '\U0001d5ca',
+        '\\<r>'                    : '\U0001d5cb',
+        '\\<s>'                    : '\U0001d5cc',
+        '\\<t>'                    : '\U0001d5cd',
+        '\\<u>'                    : '\U0001d5ce',
+        '\\<v>'                    : '\U0001d5cf',
+        '\\<w>'                    : '\U0001d5d0',
+        '\\<x>'                    : '\U0001d5d1',
+        '\\<y>'                    : '\U0001d5d2',
+        '\\<z>'                    : '\U0001d5d3',
+        '\\<AA>'                   : '\U0001d504',
+        '\\<BB>'                   : '\U0001d505',
+        '\\<CC>'                   : '\U0000212d',
+        '\\<DD>'                   : '\U0001d507',
+        '\\<EE>'                   : '\U0001d508',
+        '\\<FF>'                   : '\U0001d509',
+        '\\<GG>'                   : '\U0001d50a',
+        '\\<HH>'                   : '\U0000210c',
+        '\\<II>'                   : '\U00002111',
+        '\\<JJ>'                   : '\U0001d50d',
+        '\\<KK>'                   : '\U0001d50e',
+        '\\<LL>'                   : '\U0001d50f',
+        '\\<MM>'                   : '\U0001d510',
+        '\\<NN>'                   : '\U0001d511',
+        '\\<OO>'                   : '\U0001d512',
+        '\\<PP>'                   : '\U0001d513',
+        '\\<QQ>'                   : '\U0001d514',
+        '\\<RR>'                   : '\U0000211c',
+        '\\<SS>'                   : '\U0001d516',
+        '\\<TT>'                   : '\U0001d517',
+        '\\<UU>'                   : '\U0001d518',
+        '\\<VV>'                   : '\U0001d519',
+        '\\<WW>'                   : '\U0001d51a',
+        '\\<XX>'                   : '\U0001d51b',
+        '\\<YY>'                   : '\U0001d51c',
+        '\\<ZZ>'                   : '\U00002128',
+        '\\<aa>'                   : '\U0001d51e',
+        '\\<bb>'                   : '\U0001d51f',
+        '\\<cc>'                   : '\U0001d520',
+        '\\<dd>'                   : '\U0001d521',
+        '\\<ee>'                   : '\U0001d522',
+        '\\<ff>'                   : '\U0001d523',
+        '\\<gg>'                   : '\U0001d524',
+        '\\<hh>'                   : '\U0001d525',
+        '\\<ii>'                   : '\U0001d526',
+        '\\<jj>'                   : '\U0001d527',
+        '\\<kk>'                   : '\U0001d528',
+        '\\<ll>'                   : '\U0001d529',
+        '\\<mm>'                   : '\U0001d52a',
+        '\\<nn>'                   : '\U0001d52b',
+        '\\<oo>'                   : '\U0001d52c',
+        '\\<pp>'                   : '\U0001d52d',
+        '\\<qq>'                   : '\U0001d52e',
+        '\\<rr>'                   : '\U0001d52f',
+        '\\<ss>'                   : '\U0001d530',
+        '\\<tt>'                   : '\U0001d531',
+        '\\<uu>'                   : '\U0001d532',
+        '\\<vv>'                   : '\U0001d533',
+        '\\<ww>'                   : '\U0001d534',
+        '\\<xx>'                   : '\U0001d535',
+        '\\<yy>'                   : '\U0001d536',
+        '\\<zz>'                   : '\U0001d537',
+        '\\<alpha>'                : '\U000003b1',
+        '\\<beta>'                 : '\U000003b2',
+        '\\<gamma>'                : '\U000003b3',
+        '\\<delta>'                : '\U000003b4',
+        '\\<epsilon>'              : '\U000003b5',
+        '\\<zeta>'                 : '\U000003b6',
+        '\\<eta>'                  : '\U000003b7',
+        '\\<theta>'                : '\U000003b8',
+        '\\<iota>'                 : '\U000003b9',
+        '\\<kappa>'                : '\U000003ba',
+        '\\<lambda>'               : '\U000003bb',
+        '\\<mu>'                   : '\U000003bc',
+        '\\<nu>'                   : '\U000003bd',
+        '\\<xi>'                   : '\U000003be',
+        '\\<pi>'                   : '\U000003c0',
+        '\\<rho>'                  : '\U000003c1',
+        '\\<sigma>'                : '\U000003c3',
+        '\\<tau>'                  : '\U000003c4',
+        '\\<upsilon>'              : '\U000003c5',
+        '\\<phi>'                  : '\U000003c6',
+        '\\<chi>'                  : '\U000003c7',
+        '\\<psi>'                  : '\U000003c8',
+        '\\<omega>'                : '\U000003c9',
+        '\\<Gamma>'                : '\U00000393',
+        '\\<Delta>'                : '\U00000394',
+        '\\<Theta>'                : '\U00000398',
+        '\\<Lambda>'               : '\U0000039b',
+        '\\<Xi>'                   : '\U0000039e',
+        '\\<Pi>'                   : '\U000003a0',
+        '\\<Sigma>'                : '\U000003a3',
+        '\\<Upsilon>'              : '\U000003a5',
+        '\\<Phi>'                  : '\U000003a6',
+        '\\<Psi>'                  : '\U000003a8',
+        '\\<Omega>'                : '\U000003a9',
+        '\\<bool>'                 : '\U0001d539',
+        '\\<complex>'              : '\U00002102',
+        '\\<nat>'                  : '\U00002115',
+        '\\<rat>'                  : '\U0000211a',
+        '\\<real>'                 : '\U0000211d',
+        '\\<int>'                  : '\U00002124',
+        '\\<leftarrow>'            : '\U00002190',
+        '\\<longleftarrow>'        : '\U000027f5',
+        '\\<rightarrow>'           : '\U00002192',
+        '\\<longrightarrow>'       : '\U000027f6',
+        '\\<Leftarrow>'            : '\U000021d0',
+        '\\<Longleftarrow>'        : '\U000027f8',
+        '\\<Rightarrow>'           : '\U000021d2',
+        '\\<Longrightarrow>'       : '\U000027f9',
+        '\\<leftrightarrow>'       : '\U00002194',
+        '\\<longleftrightarrow>'   : '\U000027f7',
+        '\\<Leftrightarrow>'       : '\U000021d4',
+        '\\<Longleftrightarrow>'   : '\U000027fa',
+        '\\<mapsto>'               : '\U000021a6',
+        '\\<longmapsto>'           : '\U000027fc',
+        '\\<midarrow>'             : '\U00002500',
+        '\\<Midarrow>'             : '\U00002550',
+        '\\<hookleftarrow>'        : '\U000021a9',
+        '\\<hookrightarrow>'       : '\U000021aa',
+        '\\<leftharpoondown>'      : '\U000021bd',
+        '\\<rightharpoondown>'     : '\U000021c1',
+        '\\<leftharpoonup>'        : '\U000021bc',
+        '\\<rightharpoonup>'       : '\U000021c0',
+        '\\<rightleftharpoons>'    : '\U000021cc',
+        '\\<leadsto>'              : '\U0000219d',
+        '\\<downharpoonleft>'      : '\U000021c3',
+        '\\<downharpoonright>'     : '\U000021c2',
+        '\\<upharpoonleft>'        : '\U000021bf',
+        '\\<upharpoonright>'       : '\U000021be',
+        '\\<restriction>'          : '\U000021be',
+        '\\<Colon>'                : '\U00002237',
+        '\\<up>'                   : '\U00002191',
+        '\\<Up>'                   : '\U000021d1',
+        '\\<down>'                 : '\U00002193',
+        '\\<Down>'                 : '\U000021d3',
+        '\\<updown>'               : '\U00002195',
+        '\\<Updown>'               : '\U000021d5',
+        '\\<langle>'               : '\U000027e8',
+        '\\<rangle>'               : '\U000027e9',
+        '\\<lceil>'                : '\U00002308',
+        '\\<rceil>'                : '\U00002309',
+        '\\<lfloor>'               : '\U0000230a',
+        '\\<rfloor>'               : '\U0000230b',
+        '\\<lparr>'                : '\U00002987',
+        '\\<rparr>'                : '\U00002988',
+        '\\<lbrakk>'               : '\U000027e6',
+        '\\<rbrakk>'               : '\U000027e7',
+        '\\<lbrace>'               : '\U00002983',
+        '\\<rbrace>'               : '\U00002984',
+        '\\<guillemotleft>'        : '\U000000ab',
+        '\\<guillemotright>'       : '\U000000bb',
+        '\\<bottom>'               : '\U000022a5',
+        '\\<top>'                  : '\U000022a4',
+        '\\<and>'                  : '\U00002227',
+        '\\<And>'                  : '\U000022c0',
+        '\\<or>'                   : '\U00002228',
+        '\\<Or>'                   : '\U000022c1',
+        '\\<forall>'               : '\U00002200',
+        '\\<exists>'               : '\U00002203',
+        '\\<nexists>'              : '\U00002204',
+        '\\<not>'                  : '\U000000ac',
+        '\\<box>'                  : '\U000025a1',
+        '\\<diamond>'              : '\U000025c7',
+        '\\<turnstile>'            : '\U000022a2',
+        '\\<Turnstile>'            : '\U000022a8',
+        '\\<tturnstile>'           : '\U000022a9',
+        '\\<TTurnstile>'           : '\U000022ab',
+        '\\<stileturn>'            : '\U000022a3',
+        '\\<surd>'                 : '\U0000221a',
+        '\\<le>'                   : '\U00002264',
+        '\\<ge>'                   : '\U00002265',
+        '\\<lless>'                : '\U0000226a',
+        '\\<ggreater>'             : '\U0000226b',
+        '\\<lesssim>'              : '\U00002272',
+        '\\<greatersim>'           : '\U00002273',
+        '\\<lessapprox>'           : '\U00002a85',
+        '\\<greaterapprox>'        : '\U00002a86',
+        '\\<in>'                   : '\U00002208',
+        '\\<notin>'                : '\U00002209',
+        '\\<subset>'               : '\U00002282',
+        '\\<supset>'               : '\U00002283',
+        '\\<subseteq>'             : '\U00002286',
+        '\\<supseteq>'             : '\U00002287',
+        '\\<sqsubset>'             : '\U0000228f',
+        '\\<sqsupset>'             : '\U00002290',
+        '\\<sqsubseteq>'           : '\U00002291',
+        '\\<sqsupseteq>'           : '\U00002292',
+        '\\<inter>'                : '\U00002229',
+        '\\<Inter>'                : '\U000022c2',
+        '\\<union>'                : '\U0000222a',
+        '\\<Union>'                : '\U000022c3',
+        '\\<squnion>'              : '\U00002294',
+        '\\<Squnion>'              : '\U00002a06',
+        '\\<sqinter>'              : '\U00002293',
+        '\\<Sqinter>'              : '\U00002a05',
+        '\\<setminus>'             : '\U00002216',
+        '\\<propto>'               : '\U0000221d',
+        '\\<uplus>'                : '\U0000228e',
+        '\\<Uplus>'                : '\U00002a04',
+        '\\<noteq>'                : '\U00002260',
+        '\\<sim>'                  : '\U0000223c',
+        '\\<doteq>'                : '\U00002250',
+        '\\<simeq>'                : '\U00002243',
+        '\\<approx>'               : '\U00002248',
+        '\\<asymp>'                : '\U0000224d',
+        '\\<cong>'                 : '\U00002245',
+        '\\<smile>'                : '\U00002323',
+        '\\<equiv>'                : '\U00002261',
+        '\\<frown>'                : '\U00002322',
+        '\\<Join>'                 : '\U000022c8',
+        '\\<bowtie>'               : '\U00002a1d',
+        '\\<prec>'                 : '\U0000227a',
+        '\\<succ>'                 : '\U0000227b',
+        '\\<preceq>'               : '\U0000227c',
+        '\\<succeq>'               : '\U0000227d',
+        '\\<parallel>'             : '\U00002225',
+        '\\<bar>'                  : '\U000000a6',
+        '\\<plusminus>'            : '\U000000b1',
+        '\\<minusplus>'            : '\U00002213',
+        '\\<times>'                : '\U000000d7',
+        '\\<div>'                  : '\U000000f7',
+        '\\<cdot>'                 : '\U000022c5',
+        '\\<star>'                 : '\U000022c6',
+        '\\<bullet>'               : '\U00002219',
+        '\\<circ>'                 : '\U00002218',
+        '\\<dagger>'               : '\U00002020',
+        '\\<ddagger>'              : '\U00002021',
+        '\\<lhd>'                  : '\U000022b2',
+        '\\<rhd>'                  : '\U000022b3',
+        '\\<unlhd>'                : '\U000022b4',
+        '\\<unrhd>'                : '\U000022b5',
+        '\\<triangleleft>'         : '\U000025c3',
+        '\\<triangleright>'        : '\U000025b9',
+        '\\<triangle>'             : '\U000025b3',
+        '\\<triangleq>'            : '\U0000225c',
+        '\\<oplus>'                : '\U00002295',
+        '\\<Oplus>'                : '\U00002a01',
+        '\\<otimes>'               : '\U00002297',
+        '\\<Otimes>'               : '\U00002a02',
+        '\\<odot>'                 : '\U00002299',
+        '\\<Odot>'                 : '\U00002a00',
+        '\\<ominus>'               : '\U00002296',
+        '\\<oslash>'               : '\U00002298',
+        '\\<dots>'                 : '\U00002026',
+        '\\<cdots>'                : '\U000022ef',
+        '\\<Sum>'                  : '\U00002211',
+        '\\<Prod>'                 : '\U0000220f',
+        '\\<Coprod>'               : '\U00002210',
+        '\\<infinity>'             : '\U0000221e',
+        '\\<integral>'             : '\U0000222b',
+        '\\<ointegral>'            : '\U0000222e',
+        '\\<clubsuit>'             : '\U00002663',
+        '\\<diamondsuit>'          : '\U00002662',
+        '\\<heartsuit>'            : '\U00002661',
+        '\\<spadesuit>'            : '\U00002660',
+        '\\<aleph>'                : '\U00002135',
+        '\\<emptyset>'             : '\U00002205',
+        '\\<nabla>'                : '\U00002207',
+        '\\<partial>'              : '\U00002202',
+        '\\<flat>'                 : '\U0000266d',
+        '\\<natural>'              : '\U0000266e',
+        '\\<sharp>'                : '\U0000266f',
+        '\\<angle>'                : '\U00002220',
+        '\\<copyright>'            : '\U000000a9',
+        '\\<registered>'           : '\U000000ae',
+        '\\<hyphen>'               : '\U000000ad',
+        '\\<inverse>'              : '\U000000af',
+        '\\<onequarter>'           : '\U000000bc',
+        '\\<onehalf>'              : '\U000000bd',
+        '\\<threequarters>'        : '\U000000be',
+        '\\<ordfeminine>'          : '\U000000aa',
+        '\\<ordmasculine>'         : '\U000000ba',
+        '\\<section>'              : '\U000000a7',
+        '\\<paragraph>'            : '\U000000b6',
+        '\\<exclamdown>'           : '\U000000a1',
+        '\\<questiondown>'         : '\U000000bf',
+        '\\<euro>'                 : '\U000020ac',
+        '\\<pounds>'               : '\U000000a3',
+        '\\<yen>'                  : '\U000000a5',
+        '\\<cent>'                 : '\U000000a2',
+        '\\<currency>'             : '\U000000a4',
+        '\\<degree>'               : '\U000000b0',
+        '\\<amalg>'                : '\U00002a3f',
+        '\\<mho>'                  : '\U00002127',
+        '\\<lozenge>'              : '\U000025ca',
+        '\\<wp>'                   : '\U00002118',
+        '\\<wrong>'                : '\U00002240',
+        '\\<struct>'               : '\U000022c4',
+        '\\<acute>'                : '\U000000b4',
+        '\\<index>'                : '\U00000131',
+        '\\<dieresis>'             : '\U000000a8',
+        '\\<cedilla>'              : '\U000000b8',
+        '\\<hungarumlaut>'         : '\U000002dd',
+        '\\<some>'                 : '\U000003f5',
+        '\\<newline>'              : '\U000023ce',
+        '\\<open>'                 : '\U00002039',
+        '\\<close>'                : '\U0000203a',
+        '\\<here>'                 : '\U00002302',
+        '\\<^sub>'                 : '\U000021e9',
+        '\\<^sup>'                 : '\U000021e7',
+        '\\<^bold>'                : '\U00002759',
+        '\\<^bsub>'                : '\U000021d8',
+        '\\<^esub>'                : '\U000021d9',
+        '\\<^bsup>'                : '\U000021d7',
+        '\\<^esup>'                : '\U000021d6',
+    }
+
+    lang_map = {'isabelle' : isabelle_symbols, 'latex' : latex_symbols}
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Filter.__init__(self, **options)
+        lang = get_choice_opt(options, 'lang',
+                              ['isabelle', 'latex'], 'isabelle')
+        self.symbols = self.lang_map[lang]
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        for ttype, value in stream:
+            if value in self.symbols:
+                yield ttype, self.symbols[value]
+            else:
+                yield ttype, value
+
+
+class KeywordCaseFilter(Filter):
+    """Convert keywords to lowercase or uppercase or capitalize them, which
+    means first letter uppercase, rest lowercase.
+
+    This can be useful e.g. if you highlight Pascal code and want to adapt the
+    code to your styleguide.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `case` : string
+       The casing to convert keywords to. Must be one of ``'lower'``,
+       ``'upper'`` or ``'capitalize'``.  The default is ``'lower'``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Filter.__init__(self, **options)
+        case = get_choice_opt(options, 'case',
+                              ['lower', 'upper', 'capitalize'], 'lower')
+        self.convert = getattr(str, case)
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        for ttype, value in stream:
+            if ttype in Keyword:
+                yield ttype, self.convert(value)
+            else:
+                yield ttype, value
+
+
+class NameHighlightFilter(Filter):
+    """Highlight a normal Name (and Name.*) token with a different token type.
+
+    Example::
+
+        filter = NameHighlightFilter(
+            names=['foo', 'bar', 'baz'],
+            tokentype=Name.Function,
+        )
+
+    This would highlight the names "foo", "bar" and "baz"
+    as functions. `Name.Function` is the default token type.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `names` : list of strings
+      A list of names that should be given the different token type.
+      There is no default.
+    `tokentype` : TokenType or string
+      A token type or a string containing a token type name that is
+      used for highlighting the strings in `names`.  The default is
+      `Name.Function`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Filter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.names = set(get_list_opt(options, 'names', []))
+        tokentype = options.get('tokentype')
+        if tokentype:
+            self.tokentype = string_to_tokentype(tokentype)
+        else:
+            self.tokentype = Name.Function
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        for ttype, value in stream:
+            if ttype in Name and value in self.names:
+                yield self.tokentype, value
+            else:
+                yield ttype, value
+
+
+class ErrorToken(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class RaiseOnErrorTokenFilter(Filter):
+    """Raise an exception when the lexer generates an error token.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `excclass` : Exception class
+      The exception class to raise.
+      The default is `pygments.filters.ErrorToken`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Filter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.exception = options.get('excclass', ErrorToken)
+        try:
+            # issubclass() will raise TypeError if first argument is not a class
+            if not issubclass(self.exception, Exception):
+                raise TypeError
+        except TypeError:
+            raise OptionError('excclass option is not an exception class')
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        for ttype, value in stream:
+            if ttype is Error:
+                raise self.exception(value)
+            yield ttype, value
+
+
+class VisibleWhitespaceFilter(Filter):
+    """Convert tabs, newlines and/or spaces to visible characters.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `spaces` : string or bool
+      If this is a one-character string, spaces will be replaces by this string.
+      If it is another true value, spaces will be replaced by ``·`` (unicode
+      MIDDLE DOT).  If it is a false value, spaces will not be replaced.  The
+      default is ``False``.
+    `tabs` : string or bool
+      The same as for `spaces`, but the default replacement character is ``»``
+      (unicode RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK).  The default value
+      is ``False``.  Note: this will not work if the `tabsize` option for the
+      lexer is nonzero, as tabs will already have been expanded then.
+    `tabsize` : int
+      If tabs are to be replaced by this filter (see the `tabs` option), this
+      is the total number of characters that a tab should be expanded to.
+      The default is ``8``.
+    `newlines` : string or bool
+      The same as for `spaces`, but the default replacement character is ``¶``
+      (unicode PILCROW SIGN).  The default value is ``False``.
+    `wstokentype` : bool
+      If true, give whitespace the special `Whitespace` token type.  This allows
+      styling the visible whitespace differently (e.g. greyed out), but it can
+      disrupt background colors.  The default is ``True``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Filter.__init__(self, **options)
+        for name, default in [('spaces',   '·'),
+                              ('tabs',     '»'),
+                              ('newlines', '¶')]:
+            opt = options.get(name, False)
+            if isinstance(opt, str) and len(opt) == 1:
+                setattr(self, name, opt)
+            else:
+                setattr(self, name, (opt and default or ''))
+        tabsize = get_int_opt(options, 'tabsize', 8)
+        if self.tabs:
+            self.tabs += ' ' * (tabsize - 1)
+        if self.newlines:
+            self.newlines += '\n'
+        self.wstt = get_bool_opt(options, 'wstokentype', True)
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        if self.wstt:
+            spaces = self.spaces or ' '
+            tabs = self.tabs or '\t'
+            newlines = self.newlines or '\n'
+            regex = re.compile(r'\s')
+
+            def replacefunc(wschar):
+                if wschar == ' ':
+                    return spaces
+                elif wschar == '\t':
+                    return tabs
+                elif wschar == '\n':
+                    return newlines
+                return wschar
+
+            for ttype, value in stream:
+                yield from _replace_special(ttype, value, regex, Whitespace,
+                                            replacefunc)
+        else:
+            spaces, tabs, newlines = self.spaces, self.tabs, self.newlines
+            # simpler processing
+            for ttype, value in stream:
+                if spaces:
+                    value = value.replace(' ', spaces)
+                if tabs:
+                    value = value.replace('\t', tabs)
+                if newlines:
+                    value = value.replace('\n', newlines)
+                yield ttype, value
+
+
+class GobbleFilter(Filter):
+    """Gobbles source code lines (eats initial characters).
+
+    This filter drops the first ``n`` characters off every line of code.  This
+    may be useful when the source code fed to the lexer is indented by a fixed
+    amount of space that isn't desired in the output.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `n` : int
+       The number of characters to gobble.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Filter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.n = get_int_opt(options, 'n', 0)
+
+    def gobble(self, value, left):
+        if left < len(value):
+            return value[left:], 0
+        else:
+            return '', left - len(value)
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        n = self.n
+        left = n  # How many characters left to gobble.
+        for ttype, value in stream:
+            # Remove ``left`` tokens from first line, ``n`` from all others.
+            parts = value.split('\n')
+            (parts[0], left) = self.gobble(parts[0], left)
+            for i in range(1, len(parts)):
+                (parts[i], left) = self.gobble(parts[i], n)
+            value = '\n'.join(parts)
+
+            if value != '':
+                yield ttype, value
+
+
+class TokenMergeFilter(Filter):
+    """Merges consecutive tokens with the same token type in the output
+    stream of a lexer.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.2
+    """
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Filter.__init__(self, **options)
+
+    def filter(self, lexer, stream):
+        current_type = None
+        current_value = None
+        for ttype, value in stream:
+            if ttype is current_type:
+                current_value += value
+            else:
+                if current_type is not None:
+                    yield current_type, current_value
+                current_type = ttype
+                current_value = value
+        if current_type is not None:
+            yield current_type, current_value
+
+
+FILTERS = {
+    'codetagify':     CodeTagFilter,
+    'keywordcase':    KeywordCaseFilter,
+    'highlight':      NameHighlightFilter,
+    'raiseonerror':   RaiseOnErrorTokenFilter,
+    'whitespace':     VisibleWhitespaceFilter,
+    'gobble':         GobbleFilter,
+    'tokenmerge':     TokenMergeFilter,
+    'symbols':        SymbolFilter,
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatter.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b585562
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatter
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Base formatter class.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import codecs
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_bool_opt
+from pip._vendor.pygments.styles import get_style_by_name
+
+__all__ = ['Formatter']
+
+
+def _lookup_style(style):
+    if isinstance(style, str):
+        return get_style_by_name(style)
+    return style
+
+
+class Formatter:
+    """
+    Converts a token stream to text.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    ``style``
+        The style to use, can be a string or a Style subclass
+        (default: "default"). Not used by e.g. the
+        TerminalFormatter.
+    ``full``
+        Tells the formatter to output a "full" document, i.e.
+        a complete self-contained document. This doesn't have
+        any effect for some formatters (default: false).
+    ``title``
+        If ``full`` is true, the title that should be used to
+        caption the document (default: '').
+    ``encoding``
+        If given, must be an encoding name. This will be used to
+        convert the Unicode token strings to byte strings in the
+        output. If it is "" or None, Unicode strings will be written
+        to the output file, which most file-like objects do not
+        support (default: None).
+    ``outencoding``
+        Overrides ``encoding`` if given.
+    """
+
+    #: Name of the formatter
+    name = None
+
+    #: Shortcuts for the formatter
+    aliases = []
+
+    #: fn match rules
+    filenames = []
+
+    #: If True, this formatter outputs Unicode strings when no encoding
+    #: option is given.
+    unicodeoutput = True
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        self.style = _lookup_style(options.get('style', 'default'))
+        self.full = get_bool_opt(options, 'full', False)
+        self.title = options.get('title', '')
+        self.encoding = options.get('encoding', None) or None
+        if self.encoding in ('guess', 'chardet'):
+            # can happen for e.g. pygmentize -O encoding=guess
+            self.encoding = 'utf-8'
+        self.encoding = options.get('outencoding') or self.encoding
+        self.options = options
+
+    def get_style_defs(self, arg=''):
+        """
+        Return the style definitions for the current style as a string.
+
+        ``arg`` is an additional argument whose meaning depends on the
+        formatter used. Note that ``arg`` can also be a list or tuple
+        for some formatters like the html formatter.
+        """
+        return ''
+
+    def format(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        """
+        Format ``tokensource``, an iterable of ``(tokentype, tokenstring)``
+        tuples and write it into ``outfile``.
+        """
+        if self.encoding:
+            # wrap the outfile in a StreamWriter
+            outfile = codecs.lookup(self.encoding)[3](outfile)
+        return self.format_unencoded(tokensource, outfile)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34f2bec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Pygments formatters.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import re
+import sys
+import types
+import fnmatch
+from os.path import basename
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatters._mapping import FORMATTERS
+from pip._vendor.pygments.plugin import find_plugin_formatters
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import ClassNotFound
+
+__all__ = ['get_formatter_by_name', 'get_formatter_for_filename',
+           'get_all_formatters', 'load_formatter_from_file'] + list(FORMATTERS)
+
+_formatter_cache = {}  # classes by name
+_pattern_cache = {}
+
+
+def _fn_matches(fn, glob):
+    """Return whether the supplied file name fn matches pattern filename."""
+    if glob not in _pattern_cache:
+        pattern = _pattern_cache[glob] = re.compile(fnmatch.translate(glob))
+        return pattern.match(fn)
+    return _pattern_cache[glob].match(fn)
+
+
+def _load_formatters(module_name):
+    """Load a formatter (and all others in the module too)."""
+    mod = __import__(module_name, None, None, ['__all__'])
+    for formatter_name in mod.__all__:
+        cls = getattr(mod, formatter_name)
+        _formatter_cache[cls.name] = cls
+
+
+def get_all_formatters():
+    """Return a generator for all formatter classes."""
+    # NB: this returns formatter classes, not info like get_all_lexers().
+    for info in FORMATTERS.values():
+        if info[1] not in _formatter_cache:
+            _load_formatters(info[0])
+        yield _formatter_cache[info[1]]
+    for _, formatter in find_plugin_formatters():
+        yield formatter
+
+
+def find_formatter_class(alias):
+    """Lookup a formatter by alias.
+
+    Returns None if not found.
+    """
+    for module_name, name, aliases, _, _ in FORMATTERS.values():
+        if alias in aliases:
+            if name not in _formatter_cache:
+                _load_formatters(module_name)
+            return _formatter_cache[name]
+    for _, cls in find_plugin_formatters():
+        if alias in cls.aliases:
+            return cls
+
+
+def get_formatter_by_name(_alias, **options):
+    """Lookup and instantiate a formatter by alias.
+
+    Raises ClassNotFound if not found.
+    """
+    cls = find_formatter_class(_alias)
+    if cls is None:
+        raise ClassNotFound("no formatter found for name %r" % _alias)
+    return cls(**options)
+
+
+def load_formatter_from_file(filename, formattername="CustomFormatter",
+                             **options):
+    """Load a formatter from a file.
+
+    This method expects a file located relative to the current working
+    directory, which contains a class named CustomFormatter. By default,
+    it expects the Formatter to be named CustomFormatter; you can specify
+    your own class name as the second argument to this function.
+
+    Users should be very careful with the input, because this method
+    is equivalent to running eval on the input file.
+
+    Raises ClassNotFound if there are any problems importing the Formatter.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.2
+    """
+    try:
+        # This empty dict will contain the namespace for the exec'd file
+        custom_namespace = {}
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            exec(f.read(), custom_namespace)
+        # Retrieve the class `formattername` from that namespace
+        if formattername not in custom_namespace:
+            raise ClassNotFound('no valid %s class found in %s' %
+                                (formattername, filename))
+        formatter_class = custom_namespace[formattername]
+        # And finally instantiate it with the options
+        return formatter_class(**options)
+    except OSError as err:
+        raise ClassNotFound('cannot read %s: %s' % (filename, err))
+    except ClassNotFound:
+        raise
+    except Exception as err:
+        raise ClassNotFound('error when loading custom formatter: %s' % err)
+
+
+def get_formatter_for_filename(fn, **options):
+    """Lookup and instantiate a formatter by filename pattern.
+
+    Raises ClassNotFound if not found.
+    """
+    fn = basename(fn)
+    for modname, name, _, filenames, _ in FORMATTERS.values():
+        for filename in filenames:
+            if _fn_matches(fn, filename):
+                if name not in _formatter_cache:
+                    _load_formatters(modname)
+                return _formatter_cache[name](**options)
+    for cls in find_plugin_formatters():
+        for filename in cls.filenames:
+            if _fn_matches(fn, filename):
+                return cls(**options)
+    raise ClassNotFound("no formatter found for file name %r" % fn)
+
+
+class _automodule(types.ModuleType):
+    """Automatically import formatters."""
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        info = FORMATTERS.get(name)
+        if info:
+            _load_formatters(info[0])
+            cls = _formatter_cache[info[1]]
+            setattr(self, name, cls)
+            return cls
+        raise AttributeError(name)
+
+
+oldmod = sys.modules[__name__]
+newmod = _automodule(__name__)
+newmod.__dict__.update(oldmod.__dict__)
+sys.modules[__name__] = newmod
+del newmod.newmod, newmod.oldmod, newmod.sys, newmod.types
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/_mapping.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/_mapping.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57445dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/_mapping.py
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters._mapping
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter mapping definitions. This file is generated by itself. Everytime
+    you change something on a builtin formatter definition, run this script from
+    the formatters folder to update it.
+
+    Do not alter the FORMATTERS dictionary by hand.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+FORMATTERS = {
+    'BBCodeFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.bbcode', 'BBCode', ('bbcode', 'bb'), (), 'Format tokens with BBcodes. These formatting codes are used by many bulletin boards, so you can highlight your sourcecode with pygments before posting it there.'),
+    'BmpImageFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.img', 'img_bmp', ('bmp', 'bitmap'), ('*.bmp',), 'Create a bitmap image from source code. This uses the Python Imaging Library to generate a pixmap from the source code.'),
+    'GifImageFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.img', 'img_gif', ('gif',), ('*.gif',), 'Create a GIF image from source code. This uses the Python Imaging Library to generate a pixmap from the source code.'),
+    'GroffFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.groff', 'groff', ('groff', 'troff', 'roff'), (), 'Format tokens with groff escapes to change their color and font style.'),
+    'HtmlFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.html', 'HTML', ('html',), ('*.html', '*.htm'), "Format tokens as HTML 4 ``<span>`` tags within a ``<pre>`` tag, wrapped in a ``<div>`` tag. The ``<div>``'s CSS class can be set by the `cssclass` option."),
+    'IRCFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.irc', 'IRC', ('irc', 'IRC'), (), 'Format tokens with IRC color sequences'),
+    'ImageFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.img', 'img', ('img', 'IMG', 'png'), ('*.png',), 'Create a PNG image from source code. This uses the Python Imaging Library to generate a pixmap from the source code.'),
+    'JpgImageFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.img', 'img_jpg', ('jpg', 'jpeg'), ('*.jpg',), 'Create a JPEG image from source code. This uses the Python Imaging Library to generate a pixmap from the source code.'),
+    'LatexFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.latex', 'LaTeX', ('latex', 'tex'), ('*.tex',), 'Format tokens as LaTeX code. This needs the `fancyvrb` and `color` standard packages.'),
+    'NullFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.other', 'Text only', ('text', 'null'), ('*.txt',), 'Output the text unchanged without any formatting.'),
+    'PangoMarkupFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.pangomarkup', 'Pango Markup', ('pango', 'pangomarkup'), (), 'Format tokens as Pango Markup code. It can then be rendered to an SVG.'),
+    'RawTokenFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.other', 'Raw tokens', ('raw', 'tokens'), ('*.raw',), 'Format tokens as a raw representation for storing token streams.'),
+    'RtfFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.rtf', 'RTF', ('rtf',), ('*.rtf',), 'Format tokens as RTF markup. This formatter automatically outputs full RTF documents with color information and other useful stuff. Perfect for Copy and Paste into Microsoft(R) Word(R) documents.'),
+    'SvgFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.svg', 'SVG', ('svg',), ('*.svg',), 'Format tokens as an SVG graphics file.  This formatter is still experimental. Each line of code is a ``<text>`` element with explicit ``x`` and ``y`` coordinates containing ``<tspan>`` elements with the individual token styles.'),
+    'Terminal256Formatter': ('pygments.formatters.terminal256', 'Terminal256', ('terminal256', 'console256', '256'), (), 'Format tokens with ANSI color sequences, for output in a 256-color terminal or console.  Like in `TerminalFormatter` color sequences are terminated at newlines, so that paging the output works correctly.'),
+    'TerminalFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.terminal', 'Terminal', ('terminal', 'console'), (), 'Format tokens with ANSI color sequences, for output in a text console. Color sequences are terminated at newlines, so that paging the output works correctly.'),
+    'TerminalTrueColorFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.terminal256', 'TerminalTrueColor', ('terminal16m', 'console16m', '16m'), (), 'Format tokens with ANSI color sequences, for output in a true-color terminal or console.  Like in `TerminalFormatter` color sequences are terminated at newlines, so that paging the output works correctly.'),
+    'TestcaseFormatter': ('pygments.formatters.other', 'Testcase', ('testcase',), (), 'Format tokens as appropriate for a new testcase.')
+}
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':  # pragma: no cover
+    import sys
+    import os
+
+    # lookup formatters
+    found_formatters = []
+    imports = []
+    sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..'))
+    from pip._vendor.pygments.util import docstring_headline
+
+    for root, dirs, files in os.walk('.'):
+        for filename in files:
+            if filename.endswith('.py') and not filename.startswith('_'):
+                module_name = 'pygments.formatters%s.%s' % (
+                    root[1:].replace('/', '.'), filename[:-3])
+                print(module_name)
+                module = __import__(module_name, None, None, [''])
+                for formatter_name in module.__all__:
+                    formatter = getattr(module, formatter_name)
+                    found_formatters.append(
+                        '%r: %r' % (formatter_name,
+                                    (module_name,
+                                     formatter.name,
+                                     tuple(formatter.aliases),
+                                     tuple(formatter.filenames),
+                                     docstring_headline(formatter))))
+    # sort them to make the diff minimal
+    found_formatters.sort()
+
+    # extract useful sourcecode from this file
+    with open(__file__) as fp:
+        content = fp.read()
+        # replace crnl to nl for Windows.
+        #
+        # Note that, originally, contributers should keep nl of master
+        # repository, for example by using some kind of automatic
+        # management EOL, like `EolExtension
+        #  <https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/EolExtension>`.
+        content = content.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+    header = content[:content.find('FORMATTERS = {')]
+    footer = content[content.find("if __name__ == '__main__':"):]
+
+    # write new file
+    with open(__file__, 'w') as fp:
+        fp.write(header)
+        fp.write('FORMATTERS = {\n    %s\n}\n\n' % ',\n    '.join(found_formatters))
+        fp.write(footer)
+
+    print ('=== %d formatters processed.' % len(found_formatters))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/bbcode.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/bbcode.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35a3732
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/bbcode.py
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.bbcode
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    BBcode formatter.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_bool_opt
+
+__all__ = ['BBCodeFormatter']
+
+
+class BBCodeFormatter(Formatter):
+    """
+    Format tokens with BBcodes. These formatting codes are used by many
+    bulletin boards, so you can highlight your sourcecode with pygments before
+    posting it there.
+
+    This formatter has no support for background colors and borders, as there
+    are no common BBcode tags for that.
+
+    Some board systems (e.g. phpBB) don't support colors in their [code] tag,
+    so you can't use the highlighting together with that tag.
+    Text in a [code] tag usually is shown with a monospace font (which this
+    formatter can do with the ``monofont`` option) and no spaces (which you
+    need for indentation) are removed.
+
+    Additional options accepted:
+
+    `style`
+        The style to use, can be a string or a Style subclass (default:
+        ``'default'``).
+
+    `codetag`
+        If set to true, put the output into ``[code]`` tags (default:
+        ``false``)
+
+    `monofont`
+        If set to true, add a tag to show the code with a monospace font
+        (default: ``false``).
+    """
+    name = 'BBCode'
+    aliases = ['bbcode', 'bb']
+    filenames = []
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self._code = get_bool_opt(options, 'codetag', False)
+        self._mono = get_bool_opt(options, 'monofont', False)
+
+        self.styles = {}
+        self._make_styles()
+
+    def _make_styles(self):
+        for ttype, ndef in self.style:
+            start = end = ''
+            if ndef['color']:
+                start += '[color=#%s]' % ndef['color']
+                end = '[/color]' + end
+            if ndef['bold']:
+                start += '[b]'
+                end = '[/b]' + end
+            if ndef['italic']:
+                start += '[i]'
+                end = '[/i]' + end
+            if ndef['underline']:
+                start += '[u]'
+                end = '[/u]' + end
+            # there are no common BBcodes for background-color and border
+
+            self.styles[ttype] = start, end
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        if self._code:
+            outfile.write('[code]')
+        if self._mono:
+            outfile.write('[font=monospace]')
+
+        lastval = ''
+        lasttype = None
+
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            while ttype not in self.styles:
+                ttype = ttype.parent
+            if ttype == lasttype:
+                lastval += value
+            else:
+                if lastval:
+                    start, end = self.styles[lasttype]
+                    outfile.write(''.join((start, lastval, end)))
+                lastval = value
+                lasttype = ttype
+
+        if lastval:
+            start, end = self.styles[lasttype]
+            outfile.write(''.join((start, lastval, end)))
+
+        if self._mono:
+            outfile.write('[/font]')
+        if self._code:
+            outfile.write('[/code]')
+        if self._code or self._mono:
+            outfile.write('\n')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/groff.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/groff.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da9d7fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/groff.py
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.groff
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter for groff output.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import math
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_bool_opt, get_int_opt
+
+__all__ = ['GroffFormatter']
+
+
+class GroffFormatter(Formatter):
+    """
+    Format tokens with groff escapes to change their color and font style.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.11
+
+    Additional options accepted:
+
+    `style`
+        The style to use, can be a string or a Style subclass (default:
+        ``'default'``).
+
+    `monospaced`
+        If set to true, monospace font will be used (default: ``true``).
+
+    `linenos`
+        If set to true, print the line numbers (default: ``false``).
+
+    `wrap`
+        Wrap lines to the specified number of characters. Disabled if set to 0
+        (default: ``0``).
+    """
+
+    name = 'groff'
+    aliases = ['groff','troff','roff']
+    filenames = []
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+
+        self.monospaced = get_bool_opt(options, 'monospaced', True)
+        self.linenos = get_bool_opt(options, 'linenos', False)
+        self._lineno = 0
+        self.wrap = get_int_opt(options, 'wrap', 0)
+        self._linelen = 0
+
+        self.styles = {}
+        self._make_styles()
+
+
+    def _make_styles(self):
+        regular = '\\f[CR]' if self.monospaced else '\\f[R]'
+        bold = '\\f[CB]' if self.monospaced else '\\f[B]'
+        italic = '\\f[CI]' if self.monospaced else '\\f[I]'
+
+        for ttype, ndef in self.style:
+            start = end = ''
+            if ndef['color']:
+                start += '\\m[%s]' % ndef['color']
+                end = '\\m[]' + end
+            if ndef['bold']:
+                start += bold
+                end = regular + end
+            if ndef['italic']:
+                start += italic
+                end = regular + end
+            if ndef['bgcolor']:
+                start += '\\M[%s]' % ndef['bgcolor']
+                end = '\\M[]' + end
+
+            self.styles[ttype] = start, end
+
+
+    def _define_colors(self, outfile):
+        colors = set()
+        for _, ndef in self.style:
+            if ndef['color'] is not None:
+                colors.add(ndef['color'])
+
+        for color in colors:
+            outfile.write('.defcolor ' + color + ' rgb #' + color + '\n')
+
+
+    def _write_lineno(self, outfile):
+        self._lineno += 1
+        outfile.write("%s% 4d " % (self._lineno != 1 and '\n' or '', self._lineno))
+
+
+    def _wrap_line(self, line):
+        length = len(line.rstrip('\n'))
+        space = '     ' if self.linenos else ''
+        newline = ''
+
+        if length > self.wrap:
+            for i in range(0, math.floor(length / self.wrap)):
+                chunk = line[i*self.wrap:i*self.wrap+self.wrap]
+                newline += (chunk + '\n' + space)
+            remainder = length % self.wrap
+            if remainder > 0:
+                newline += line[-remainder-1:]
+                self._linelen = remainder
+        elif self._linelen + length > self.wrap:
+            newline = ('\n' + space) + line
+            self._linelen = length
+        else:
+            newline = line
+            self._linelen += length
+
+        return newline
+
+
+    def _escape_chars(self, text):
+        text = text.replace('\\', '\\[u005C]'). \
+                    replace('.', '\\[char46]'). \
+                    replace('\'', '\\[u0027]'). \
+                    replace('`', '\\[u0060]'). \
+                    replace('~', '\\[u007E]')
+        copy = text
+
+        for char in copy:
+            if len(char) != len(char.encode()):
+                uni = char.encode('unicode_escape') \
+                    .decode()[1:] \
+                    .replace('x', 'u00') \
+                    .upper()
+                text = text.replace(char, '\\[u' + uni[1:] + ']')
+
+        return text
+
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        self._define_colors(outfile)
+
+        outfile.write('.nf\n\\f[CR]\n')
+
+        if self.linenos:
+            self._write_lineno(outfile)
+
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            start, end = self.styles[ttype]
+
+            for line in value.splitlines(True):
+                if self.wrap > 0:
+                    line = self._wrap_line(line)
+
+                if start and end:
+                    text = self._escape_chars(line.rstrip('\n'))
+                    if text != '':
+                        outfile.write(''.join((start, text, end)))
+                else:
+                    outfile.write(self._escape_chars(line.rstrip('\n')))
+
+                if line.endswith('\n'):
+                    if self.linenos:
+                        self._write_lineno(outfile)
+                        self._linelen = 0
+                    else:
+                        outfile.write('\n')
+                        self._linelen = 0
+
+        outfile.write('\n.fi')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/html.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/html.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47f5d9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/html.py
@@ -0,0 +1,983 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.html
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter for HTML output.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import functools
+import os
+import sys
+import os.path
+from io import StringIO
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Token, Text, STANDARD_TYPES
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_bool_opt, get_int_opt, get_list_opt
+
+try:
+    import ctags
+except ImportError:
+    ctags = None
+
+__all__ = ['HtmlFormatter']
+
+
+_escape_html_table = {
+    ord('&'): '&amp;',
+    ord('<'): '&lt;',
+    ord('>'): '&gt;',
+    ord('"'): '&quot;',
+    ord("'"): '&#39;',
+}
+
+
+def escape_html(text, table=_escape_html_table):
+    """Escape &, <, > as well as single and double quotes for HTML."""
+    return text.translate(table)
+
+
+def webify(color):
+    if color.startswith('calc') or color.startswith('var'):
+        return color
+    else:
+        return '#' + color
+
+
+def _get_ttype_class(ttype):
+    fname = STANDARD_TYPES.get(ttype)
+    if fname:
+        return fname
+    aname = ''
+    while fname is None:
+        aname = '-' + ttype[-1] + aname
+        ttype = ttype.parent
+        fname = STANDARD_TYPES.get(ttype)
+    return fname + aname
+
+
+CSSFILE_TEMPLATE = '''\
+/*
+generated by Pygments <https://pygments.org/>
+Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team.
+Licensed under the BSD license, see LICENSE for details.
+*/
+%(styledefs)s
+'''
+
+DOC_HEADER = '''\
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
+   "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
+<!--
+generated by Pygments <https://pygments.org/>
+Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team.
+Licensed under the BSD license, see LICENSE for details.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>%(title)s</title>
+  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=%(encoding)s">
+  <style type="text/css">
+''' + CSSFILE_TEMPLATE + '''
+  </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h2>%(title)s</h2>
+
+'''
+
+DOC_HEADER_EXTERNALCSS = '''\
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
+   "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
+
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>%(title)s</title>
+  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=%(encoding)s">
+  <link rel="stylesheet" href="%(cssfile)s" type="text/css">
+</head>
+<body>
+<h2>%(title)s</h2>
+
+'''
+
+DOC_FOOTER = '''\
+</body>
+</html>
+'''
+
+
+class HtmlFormatter(Formatter):
+    r"""
+    Format tokens as HTML 4 ``<span>`` tags within a ``<pre>`` tag, wrapped
+    in a ``<div>`` tag. The ``<div>``'s CSS class can be set by the `cssclass`
+    option.
+
+    If the `linenos` option is set to ``"table"``, the ``<pre>`` is
+    additionally wrapped inside a ``<table>`` which has one row and two
+    cells: one containing the line numbers and one containing the code.
+    Example:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: html
+
+        <div class="highlight" >
+        <table><tr>
+          <td class="linenos" title="click to toggle"
+            onclick="with (this.firstChild.style)
+                     { display = (display == '') ? 'none' : '' }">
+            <pre>1
+            2</pre>
+          </td>
+          <td class="code">
+            <pre><span class="Ke">def </span><span class="NaFu">foo</span>(bar):
+              <span class="Ke">pass</span>
+            </pre>
+          </td>
+        </tr></table></div>
+
+    (whitespace added to improve clarity).
+
+    Wrapping can be disabled using the `nowrap` option.
+
+    A list of lines can be specified using the `hl_lines` option to make these
+    lines highlighted (as of Pygments 0.11).
+
+    With the `full` option, a complete HTML 4 document is output, including
+    the style definitions inside a ``<style>`` tag, or in a separate file if
+    the `cssfile` option is given.
+
+    When `tagsfile` is set to the path of a ctags index file, it is used to
+    generate hyperlinks from names to their definition.  You must enable
+    `lineanchors` and run ctags with the `-n` option for this to work.  The
+    `python-ctags` module from PyPI must be installed to use this feature;
+    otherwise a `RuntimeError` will be raised.
+
+    The `get_style_defs(arg='')` method of a `HtmlFormatter` returns a string
+    containing CSS rules for the CSS classes used by the formatter. The
+    argument `arg` can be used to specify additional CSS selectors that
+    are prepended to the classes. A call `fmter.get_style_defs('td .code')`
+    would result in the following CSS classes:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: css
+
+        td .code .kw { font-weight: bold; color: #00FF00 }
+        td .code .cm { color: #999999 }
+        ...
+
+    If you have Pygments 0.6 or higher, you can also pass a list or tuple to the
+    `get_style_defs()` method to request multiple prefixes for the tokens:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: python
+
+        formatter.get_style_defs(['div.syntax pre', 'pre.syntax'])
+
+    The output would then look like this:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: css
+
+        div.syntax pre .kw,
+        pre.syntax .kw { font-weight: bold; color: #00FF00 }
+        div.syntax pre .cm,
+        pre.syntax .cm { color: #999999 }
+        ...
+
+    Additional options accepted:
+
+    `nowrap`
+        If set to ``True``, don't wrap the tokens at all, not even inside a ``<pre>``
+        tag. This disables most other options (default: ``False``).
+
+    `full`
+        Tells the formatter to output a "full" document, i.e. a complete
+        self-contained document (default: ``False``).
+
+    `title`
+        If `full` is true, the title that should be used to caption the
+        document (default: ``''``).
+
+    `style`
+        The style to use, can be a string or a Style subclass (default:
+        ``'default'``). This option has no effect if the `cssfile`
+        and `noclobber_cssfile` option are given and the file specified in
+        `cssfile` exists.
+
+    `noclasses`
+        If set to true, token ``<span>`` tags (as well as line number elements)
+        will not use CSS classes, but inline styles. This is not recommended
+        for larger pieces of code since it increases output size by quite a bit
+        (default: ``False``).
+
+    `classprefix`
+        Since the token types use relatively short class names, they may clash
+        with some of your own class names. In this case you can use the
+        `classprefix` option to give a string to prepend to all Pygments-generated
+        CSS class names for token types.
+        Note that this option also affects the output of `get_style_defs()`.
+
+    `cssclass`
+        CSS class for the wrapping ``<div>`` tag (default: ``'highlight'``).
+        If you set this option, the default selector for `get_style_defs()`
+        will be this class.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+           If you select the ``'table'`` line numbers, the wrapping table will
+           have a CSS class of this string plus ``'table'``, the default is
+           accordingly ``'highlighttable'``.
+
+    `cssstyles`
+        Inline CSS styles for the wrapping ``<div>`` tag (default: ``''``).
+
+    `prestyles`
+        Inline CSS styles for the ``<pre>`` tag (default: ``''``).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+
+    `cssfile`
+        If the `full` option is true and this option is given, it must be the
+        name of an external file. If the filename does not include an absolute
+        path, the file's path will be assumed to be relative to the main output
+        file's path, if the latter can be found. The stylesheet is then written
+        to this file instead of the HTML file.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+
+    `noclobber_cssfile`
+        If `cssfile` is given and the specified file exists, the css file will
+        not be overwritten. This allows the use of the `full` option in
+        combination with a user specified css file. Default is ``False``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.1
+
+    `linenos`
+        If set to ``'table'``, output line numbers as a table with two cells,
+        one containing the line numbers, the other the whole code.  This is
+        copy-and-paste-friendly, but may cause alignment problems with some
+        browsers or fonts.  If set to ``'inline'``, the line numbers will be
+        integrated in the ``<pre>`` tag that contains the code (that setting
+        is *new in Pygments 0.8*).
+
+        For compatibility with Pygments 0.7 and earlier, every true value
+        except ``'inline'`` means the same as ``'table'`` (in particular, that
+        means also ``True``).
+
+        The default value is ``False``, which means no line numbers at all.
+
+        **Note:** with the default ("table") line number mechanism, the line
+        numbers and code can have different line heights in Internet Explorer
+        unless you give the enclosing ``<pre>`` tags an explicit ``line-height``
+        CSS property (you get the default line spacing with ``line-height:
+        125%``).
+
+    `hl_lines`
+        Specify a list of lines to be highlighted. The line numbers are always
+        relative to the input (i.e. the first line is line 1) and are
+        independent of `linenostart`.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+
+    `linenostart`
+        The line number for the first line (default: ``1``).
+
+    `linenostep`
+        If set to a number n > 1, only every nth line number is printed.
+
+    `linenospecial`
+        If set to a number n > 0, every nth line number is given the CSS
+        class ``"special"`` (default: ``0``).
+
+    `nobackground`
+        If set to ``True``, the formatter won't output the background color
+        for the wrapping element (this automatically defaults to ``False``
+        when there is no wrapping element [eg: no argument for the
+        `get_syntax_defs` method given]) (default: ``False``).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+
+    `lineseparator`
+        This string is output between lines of code. It defaults to ``"\n"``,
+        which is enough to break a line inside ``<pre>`` tags, but you can
+        e.g. set it to ``"<br>"`` to get HTML line breaks.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+
+    `lineanchors`
+        If set to a nonempty string, e.g. ``foo``, the formatter will wrap each
+        output line in an anchor tag with an ``id`` (and `name`) of ``foo-linenumber``.
+        This allows easy linking to certain lines.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+
+    `linespans`
+        If set to a nonempty string, e.g. ``foo``, the formatter will wrap each
+        output line in a span tag with an ``id`` of ``foo-linenumber``.
+        This allows easy access to lines via javascript.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.6
+
+    `anchorlinenos`
+        If set to `True`, will wrap line numbers in <a> tags. Used in
+        combination with `linenos` and `lineanchors`.
+
+    `tagsfile`
+        If set to the path of a ctags file, wrap names in anchor tags that
+        link to their definitions. `lineanchors` should be used, and the
+        tags file should specify line numbers (see the `-n` option to ctags).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.6
+
+    `tagurlformat`
+        A string formatting pattern used to generate links to ctags definitions.
+        Available variables are `%(path)s`, `%(fname)s` and `%(fext)s`.
+        Defaults to an empty string, resulting in just `#prefix-number` links.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.6
+
+    `filename`
+        A string used to generate a filename when rendering ``<pre>`` blocks,
+        for example if displaying source code. If `linenos` is set to
+        ``'table'`` then the filename will be rendered in an initial row
+        containing a single `<th>` which spans both columns.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.1
+
+    `wrapcode`
+        Wrap the code inside ``<pre>`` blocks using ``<code>``, as recommended
+        by the HTML5 specification.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.4
+
+    `debug_token_types`
+        Add ``title`` attributes to all token ``<span>`` tags that show the
+        name of the token.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.10
+
+
+    **Subclassing the HTML formatter**
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+
+    The HTML formatter is now built in a way that allows easy subclassing, thus
+    customizing the output HTML code. The `format()` method calls
+    `self._format_lines()` which returns a generator that yields tuples of ``(1,
+    line)``, where the ``1`` indicates that the ``line`` is a line of the
+    formatted source code.
+
+    If the `nowrap` option is set, the generator is the iterated over and the
+    resulting HTML is output.
+
+    Otherwise, `format()` calls `self.wrap()`, which wraps the generator with
+    other generators. These may add some HTML code to the one generated by
+    `_format_lines()`, either by modifying the lines generated by the latter,
+    then yielding them again with ``(1, line)``, and/or by yielding other HTML
+    code before or after the lines, with ``(0, html)``. The distinction between
+    source lines and other code makes it possible to wrap the generator multiple
+    times.
+
+    The default `wrap()` implementation adds a ``<div>`` and a ``<pre>`` tag.
+
+    A custom `HtmlFormatter` subclass could look like this:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: python
+
+        class CodeHtmlFormatter(HtmlFormatter):
+
+            def wrap(self, source, outfile):
+                return self._wrap_code(source)
+
+            def _wrap_code(self, source):
+                yield 0, '<code>'
+                for i, t in source:
+                    if i == 1:
+                        # it's a line of formatted code
+                        t += '<br>'
+                    yield i, t
+                yield 0, '</code>'
+
+    This results in wrapping the formatted lines with a ``<code>`` tag, where the
+    source lines are broken using ``<br>`` tags.
+
+    After calling `wrap()`, the `format()` method also adds the "line numbers"
+    and/or "full document" wrappers if the respective options are set. Then, all
+    HTML yielded by the wrapped generator is output.
+    """
+
+    name = 'HTML'
+    aliases = ['html']
+    filenames = ['*.html', '*.htm']
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.title = self._decodeifneeded(self.title)
+        self.nowrap = get_bool_opt(options, 'nowrap', False)
+        self.noclasses = get_bool_opt(options, 'noclasses', False)
+        self.classprefix = options.get('classprefix', '')
+        self.cssclass = self._decodeifneeded(options.get('cssclass', 'highlight'))
+        self.cssstyles = self._decodeifneeded(options.get('cssstyles', ''))
+        self.prestyles = self._decodeifneeded(options.get('prestyles', ''))
+        self.cssfile = self._decodeifneeded(options.get('cssfile', ''))
+        self.noclobber_cssfile = get_bool_opt(options, 'noclobber_cssfile', False)
+        self.tagsfile = self._decodeifneeded(options.get('tagsfile', ''))
+        self.tagurlformat = self._decodeifneeded(options.get('tagurlformat', ''))
+        self.filename = self._decodeifneeded(options.get('filename', ''))
+        self.wrapcode = get_bool_opt(options, 'wrapcode', False)
+        self.span_element_openers = {}
+        self.debug_token_types = get_bool_opt(options, 'debug_token_types', False)
+
+        if self.tagsfile:
+            if not ctags:
+                raise RuntimeError('The "ctags" package must to be installed '
+                                   'to be able to use the "tagsfile" feature.')
+            self._ctags = ctags.CTags(self.tagsfile)
+
+        linenos = options.get('linenos', False)
+        if linenos == 'inline':
+            self.linenos = 2
+        elif linenos:
+            # compatibility with <= 0.7
+            self.linenos = 1
+        else:
+            self.linenos = 0
+        self.linenostart = abs(get_int_opt(options, 'linenostart', 1))
+        self.linenostep = abs(get_int_opt(options, 'linenostep', 1))
+        self.linenospecial = abs(get_int_opt(options, 'linenospecial', 0))
+        self.nobackground = get_bool_opt(options, 'nobackground', False)
+        self.lineseparator = options.get('lineseparator', '\n')
+        self.lineanchors = options.get('lineanchors', '')
+        self.linespans = options.get('linespans', '')
+        self.anchorlinenos = get_bool_opt(options, 'anchorlinenos', False)
+        self.hl_lines = set()
+        for lineno in get_list_opt(options, 'hl_lines', []):
+            try:
+                self.hl_lines.add(int(lineno))
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+        self._create_stylesheet()
+
+    def _get_css_class(self, ttype):
+        """Return the css class of this token type prefixed with
+        the classprefix option."""
+        ttypeclass = _get_ttype_class(ttype)
+        if ttypeclass:
+            return self.classprefix + ttypeclass
+        return ''
+
+    def _get_css_classes(self, ttype):
+        """Return the CSS classes of this token type prefixed with the classprefix option."""
+        cls = self._get_css_class(ttype)
+        while ttype not in STANDARD_TYPES:
+            ttype = ttype.parent
+            cls = self._get_css_class(ttype) + ' ' + cls
+        return cls or ''
+
+    def _get_css_inline_styles(self, ttype):
+        """Return the inline CSS styles for this token type."""
+        cclass = self.ttype2class.get(ttype)
+        while cclass is None:
+            ttype = ttype.parent
+            cclass = self.ttype2class.get(ttype)
+        return cclass or ''
+
+    def _create_stylesheet(self):
+        t2c = self.ttype2class = {Token: ''}
+        c2s = self.class2style = {}
+        for ttype, ndef in self.style:
+            name = self._get_css_class(ttype)
+            style = ''
+            if ndef['color']:
+                style += 'color: %s; ' % webify(ndef['color'])
+            if ndef['bold']:
+                style += 'font-weight: bold; '
+            if ndef['italic']:
+                style += 'font-style: italic; '
+            if ndef['underline']:
+                style += 'text-decoration: underline; '
+            if ndef['bgcolor']:
+                style += 'background-color: %s; ' % webify(ndef['bgcolor'])
+            if ndef['border']:
+                style += 'border: 1px solid %s; ' % webify(ndef['border'])
+            if style:
+                t2c[ttype] = name
+                # save len(ttype) to enable ordering the styles by
+                # hierarchy (necessary for CSS cascading rules!)
+                c2s[name] = (style[:-2], ttype, len(ttype))
+
+    def get_style_defs(self, arg=None):
+        """
+        Return CSS style definitions for the classes produced by the current
+        highlighting style. ``arg`` can be a string or list of selectors to
+        insert before the token type classes.
+        """
+        style_lines = []
+
+        style_lines.extend(self.get_linenos_style_defs())
+        style_lines.extend(self.get_background_style_defs(arg))
+        style_lines.extend(self.get_token_style_defs(arg))
+
+        return '\n'.join(style_lines)
+
+    def get_token_style_defs(self, arg=None):
+        prefix = self.get_css_prefix(arg)
+
+        styles = [
+            (level, ttype, cls, style)
+            for cls, (style, ttype, level) in self.class2style.items()
+            if cls and style
+        ]
+        styles.sort()
+
+        lines = [
+            '%s { %s } /* %s */' % (prefix(cls), style, repr(ttype)[6:])
+            for (level, ttype, cls, style) in styles
+        ]
+
+        return lines
+
+    def get_background_style_defs(self, arg=None):
+        prefix = self.get_css_prefix(arg)
+        bg_color = self.style.background_color
+        hl_color = self.style.highlight_color
+
+        lines = []
+
+        if arg and not self.nobackground and bg_color is not None:
+            text_style = ''
+            if Text in self.ttype2class:
+                text_style = ' ' + self.class2style[self.ttype2class[Text]][0]
+            lines.insert(
+                0, '%s{ background: %s;%s }' % (
+                    prefix(''), bg_color, text_style
+                )
+            )
+        if hl_color is not None:
+            lines.insert(
+                0, '%s { background-color: %s }' % (prefix('hll'), hl_color)
+            )
+
+        return lines
+
+    def get_linenos_style_defs(self):
+        lines = [
+            'pre { %s }' % self._pre_style,
+            'td.linenos .normal { %s }' % self._linenos_style,
+            'span.linenos { %s }' % self._linenos_style,
+            'td.linenos .special { %s }' % self._linenos_special_style,
+            'span.linenos.special { %s }' % self._linenos_special_style,
+        ]
+
+        return lines
+
+    def get_css_prefix(self, arg):
+        if arg is None:
+            arg = ('cssclass' in self.options and '.'+self.cssclass or '')
+        if isinstance(arg, str):
+            args = [arg]
+        else:
+            args = list(arg)
+
+        def prefix(cls):
+            if cls:
+                cls = '.' + cls
+            tmp = []
+            for arg in args:
+                tmp.append((arg and arg + ' ' or '') + cls)
+            return ', '.join(tmp)
+
+        return prefix
+
+    @property
+    def _pre_style(self):
+        return 'line-height: 125%;'
+
+    @property
+    def _linenos_style(self):
+        return 'color: %s; background-color: %s; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px;' % (
+            self.style.line_number_color,
+            self.style.line_number_background_color
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def _linenos_special_style(self):
+        return 'color: %s; background-color: %s; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px;' % (
+            self.style.line_number_special_color,
+            self.style.line_number_special_background_color
+        )
+
+    def _decodeifneeded(self, value):
+        if isinstance(value, bytes):
+            if self.encoding:
+                return value.decode(self.encoding)
+            return value.decode()
+        return value
+
+    def _wrap_full(self, inner, outfile):
+        if self.cssfile:
+            if os.path.isabs(self.cssfile):
+                # it's an absolute filename
+                cssfilename = self.cssfile
+            else:
+                try:
+                    filename = outfile.name
+                    if not filename or filename[0] == '<':
+                        # pseudo files, e.g. name == '<fdopen>'
+                        raise AttributeError
+                    cssfilename = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filename),
+                                               self.cssfile)
+                except AttributeError:
+                    print('Note: Cannot determine output file name, '
+                          'using current directory as base for the CSS file name',
+                          file=sys.stderr)
+                    cssfilename = self.cssfile
+            # write CSS file only if noclobber_cssfile isn't given as an option.
+            try:
+                if not os.path.exists(cssfilename) or not self.noclobber_cssfile:
+                    with open(cssfilename, "w") as cf:
+                        cf.write(CSSFILE_TEMPLATE %
+                                 {'styledefs': self.get_style_defs('body')})
+            except OSError as err:
+                err.strerror = 'Error writing CSS file: ' + err.strerror
+                raise
+
+            yield 0, (DOC_HEADER_EXTERNALCSS %
+                      dict(title=self.title,
+                           cssfile=self.cssfile,
+                           encoding=self.encoding))
+        else:
+            yield 0, (DOC_HEADER %
+                      dict(title=self.title,
+                           styledefs=self.get_style_defs('body'),
+                           encoding=self.encoding))
+
+        yield from inner
+        yield 0, DOC_FOOTER
+
+    def _wrap_tablelinenos(self, inner):
+        dummyoutfile = StringIO()
+        lncount = 0
+        for t, line in inner:
+            if t:
+                lncount += 1
+            dummyoutfile.write(line)
+
+        fl = self.linenostart
+        mw = len(str(lncount + fl - 1))
+        sp = self.linenospecial
+        st = self.linenostep
+        la = self.lineanchors
+        aln = self.anchorlinenos
+        nocls = self.noclasses
+
+        lines = []
+
+        for i in range(fl, fl+lncount):
+            print_line = i % st == 0
+            special_line = sp and i % sp == 0
+
+            if print_line:
+                line = '%*d' % (mw, i)
+                if aln:
+                    line = '<a href="#%s-%d">%s</a>' % (la, i, line)
+            else:
+                line = ' ' * mw
+
+            if nocls:
+                if special_line:
+                    style = ' style="%s"' % self._linenos_special_style
+                else:
+                    style = ' style="%s"' % self._linenos_style
+            else:
+                if special_line:
+                    style = ' class="special"'
+                else:
+                    style = ' class="normal"'
+
+            if style:
+                line = '<span%s>%s</span>' % (style, line)
+
+            lines.append(line)
+
+        ls = '\n'.join(lines)
+
+        # If a filename was specified, we can't put it into the code table as it
+        # would misalign the line numbers. Hence we emit a separate row for it.
+        filename_tr = ""
+        if self.filename:
+            filename_tr = (
+                '<tr><th colspan="2" class="filename"><div class="highlight">'
+                '<span class="filename">' + self.filename + '</span></div>'
+                '</th></tr>')
+
+        # in case you wonder about the seemingly redundant <div> here: since the
+        # content in the other cell also is wrapped in a div, some browsers in
+        # some configurations seem to mess up the formatting...
+        yield 0, (
+            '<table class="%stable">' % self.cssclass + filename_tr +
+            '<tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre>' +
+            ls + '</pre></div></td><td class="code">'
+        )
+        yield 0, dummyoutfile.getvalue()
+        yield 0, '</td></tr></table>'
+
+    def _wrap_inlinelinenos(self, inner):
+        # need a list of lines since we need the width of a single number :(
+        inner_lines = list(inner)
+        sp = self.linenospecial
+        st = self.linenostep
+        num = self.linenostart
+        mw = len(str(len(inner_lines) + num - 1))
+        la = self.lineanchors
+        aln = self.anchorlinenos
+        nocls = self.noclasses
+
+        for _, inner_line in inner_lines:
+            print_line = num % st == 0
+            special_line = sp and num % sp == 0
+
+            if print_line:
+                line = '%*d' % (mw, num)
+            else:
+                line = ' ' * mw
+
+            if nocls:
+                if special_line:
+                    style = ' style="%s"' % self._linenos_special_style
+                else:
+                    style = ' style="%s"' % self._linenos_style
+            else:
+                if special_line:
+                    style = ' class="linenos special"'
+                else:
+                    style = ' class="linenos"'
+
+            if style:
+                linenos = '<span%s>%s</span>' % (style, line)
+            else:
+                linenos = line
+
+            if aln:
+                yield 1, ('<a href="#%s-%d">%s</a>' % (la, num, linenos) +
+                          inner_line)
+            else:
+                yield 1, linenos + inner_line
+            num += 1
+
+    def _wrap_lineanchors(self, inner):
+        s = self.lineanchors
+        # subtract 1 since we have to increment i *before* yielding
+        i = self.linenostart - 1
+        for t, line in inner:
+            if t:
+                i += 1
+                href = "" if self.linenos else ' href="#%s-%d"' % (s, i)
+                yield 1, '<a id="%s-%d" name="%s-%d"%s></a>' % (s, i, s, i, href) + line
+            else:
+                yield 0, line
+
+    def _wrap_linespans(self, inner):
+        s = self.linespans
+        i = self.linenostart - 1
+        for t, line in inner:
+            if t:
+                i += 1
+                yield 1, '<span id="%s-%d">%s</span>' % (s, i, line)
+            else:
+                yield 0, line
+
+    def _wrap_div(self, inner):
+        style = []
+        if (self.noclasses and not self.nobackground and
+                self.style.background_color is not None):
+            style.append('background: %s' % (self.style.background_color,))
+        if self.cssstyles:
+            style.append(self.cssstyles)
+        style = '; '.join(style)
+
+        yield 0, ('<div' + (self.cssclass and ' class="%s"' % self.cssclass) +
+                  (style and (' style="%s"' % style)) + '>')
+        yield from inner
+        yield 0, '</div>\n'
+
+    def _wrap_pre(self, inner):
+        style = []
+        if self.prestyles:
+            style.append(self.prestyles)
+        if self.noclasses:
+            style.append(self._pre_style)
+        style = '; '.join(style)
+
+        if self.filename and self.linenos != 1:
+            yield 0, ('<span class="filename">' + self.filename + '</span>')
+
+        # the empty span here is to keep leading empty lines from being
+        # ignored by HTML parsers
+        yield 0, ('<pre' + (style and ' style="%s"' % style) + '><span></span>')
+        yield from inner
+        yield 0, '</pre>'
+
+    def _wrap_code(self, inner):
+        yield 0, '<code>'
+        yield from inner
+        yield 0, '</code>'
+
+    @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=100)
+    def _translate_parts(self, value):
+        """HTML-escape a value and split it by newlines."""
+        return value.translate(_escape_html_table).split('\n')
+
+    def _format_lines(self, tokensource):
+        """
+        Just format the tokens, without any wrapping tags.
+        Yield individual lines.
+        """
+        nocls = self.noclasses
+        lsep = self.lineseparator
+        tagsfile = self.tagsfile
+
+        lspan = ''
+        line = []
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            try:
+                cspan = self.span_element_openers[ttype]
+            except KeyError:
+                title = ' title="%s"' % '.'.join(ttype) if self.debug_token_types else ''
+                if nocls:
+                    css_style = self._get_css_inline_styles(ttype)
+                    if css_style:
+                        css_style = self.class2style[css_style][0]
+                        cspan = '<span style="%s"%s>' % (css_style, title)
+                    else:
+                        cspan = ''
+                else:
+                    css_class = self._get_css_classes(ttype)
+                    if css_class:
+                        cspan = '<span class="%s"%s>' % (css_class, title)
+                    else:
+                        cspan = ''
+                self.span_element_openers[ttype] = cspan
+
+            parts = self._translate_parts(value)
+
+            if tagsfile and ttype in Token.Name:
+                filename, linenumber = self._lookup_ctag(value)
+                if linenumber:
+                    base, filename = os.path.split(filename)
+                    if base:
+                        base += '/'
+                    filename, extension = os.path.splitext(filename)
+                    url = self.tagurlformat % {'path': base, 'fname': filename,
+                                               'fext': extension}
+                    parts[0] = "<a href=\"%s#%s-%d\">%s" % \
+                        (url, self.lineanchors, linenumber, parts[0])
+                    parts[-1] = parts[-1] + "</a>"
+
+            # for all but the last line
+            for part in parts[:-1]:
+                if line:
+                    if lspan != cspan:
+                        line.extend(((lspan and '</span>'), cspan, part,
+                                     (cspan and '</span>'), lsep))
+                    else:  # both are the same
+                        line.extend((part, (lspan and '</span>'), lsep))
+                    yield 1, ''.join(line)
+                    line = []
+                elif part:
+                    yield 1, ''.join((cspan, part, (cspan and '</span>'), lsep))
+                else:
+                    yield 1, lsep
+            # for the last line
+            if line and parts[-1]:
+                if lspan != cspan:
+                    line.extend(((lspan and '</span>'), cspan, parts[-1]))
+                    lspan = cspan
+                else:
+                    line.append(parts[-1])
+            elif parts[-1]:
+                line = [cspan, parts[-1]]
+                lspan = cspan
+            # else we neither have to open a new span nor set lspan
+
+        if line:
+            line.extend(((lspan and '</span>'), lsep))
+            yield 1, ''.join(line)
+
+    def _lookup_ctag(self, token):
+        entry = ctags.TagEntry()
+        if self._ctags.find(entry, token.encode(), 0):
+            return entry['file'], entry['lineNumber']
+        else:
+            return None, None
+
+    def _highlight_lines(self, tokensource):
+        """
+        Highlighted the lines specified in the `hl_lines` option by
+        post-processing the token stream coming from `_format_lines`.
+        """
+        hls = self.hl_lines
+
+        for i, (t, value) in enumerate(tokensource):
+            if t != 1:
+                yield t, value
+            if i + 1 in hls:  # i + 1 because Python indexes start at 0
+                if self.noclasses:
+                    style = ''
+                    if self.style.highlight_color is not None:
+                        style = (' style="background-color: %s"' %
+                                 (self.style.highlight_color,))
+                    yield 1, '<span%s>%s</span>' % (style, value)
+                else:
+                    yield 1, '<span class="hll">%s</span>' % value
+            else:
+                yield 1, value
+
+    def wrap(self, source, outfile):
+        """
+        Wrap the ``source``, which is a generator yielding
+        individual lines, in custom generators. See docstring
+        for `format`. Can be overridden.
+        """
+        if self.wrapcode:
+            return self._wrap_div(self._wrap_pre(self._wrap_code(source)))
+        else:
+            return self._wrap_div(self._wrap_pre(source))
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        """
+        The formatting process uses several nested generators; which of
+        them are used is determined by the user's options.
+
+        Each generator should take at least one argument, ``inner``,
+        and wrap the pieces of text generated by this.
+
+        Always yield 2-tuples: (code, text). If "code" is 1, the text
+        is part of the original tokensource being highlighted, if it's
+        0, the text is some piece of wrapping. This makes it possible to
+        use several different wrappers that process the original source
+        linewise, e.g. line number generators.
+        """
+        source = self._format_lines(tokensource)
+
+        # As a special case, we wrap line numbers before line highlighting
+        # so the line numbers get wrapped in the highlighting tag.
+        if not self.nowrap and self.linenos == 2:
+            source = self._wrap_inlinelinenos(source)
+
+        if self.hl_lines:
+            source = self._highlight_lines(source)
+
+        if not self.nowrap:
+            if self.lineanchors:
+                source = self._wrap_lineanchors(source)
+            if self.linespans:
+                source = self._wrap_linespans(source)
+            source = self.wrap(source, outfile)
+            if self.linenos == 1:
+                source = self._wrap_tablelinenos(source)
+            if self.full:
+                source = self._wrap_full(source, outfile)
+
+        for t, piece in source:
+            outfile.write(piece)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/img.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/img.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9785592
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/img.py
@@ -0,0 +1,641 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.img
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter for Pixmap output.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_bool_opt, get_int_opt, get_list_opt, \
+    get_choice_opt
+
+import subprocess
+
+# Import this carefully
+try:
+    from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
+    pil_available = True
+except ImportError:
+    pil_available = False
+
+try:
+    import _winreg
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        import winreg as _winreg
+    except ImportError:
+        _winreg = None
+
+__all__ = ['ImageFormatter', 'GifImageFormatter', 'JpgImageFormatter',
+           'BmpImageFormatter']
+
+
+# For some unknown reason every font calls it something different
+STYLES = {
+    'NORMAL':     ['', 'Roman', 'Book', 'Normal', 'Regular', 'Medium'],
+    'ITALIC':     ['Oblique', 'Italic'],
+    'BOLD':       ['Bold'],
+    'BOLDITALIC': ['Bold Oblique', 'Bold Italic'],
+}
+
+# A sane default for modern systems
+DEFAULT_FONT_NAME_NIX = 'DejaVu Sans Mono'
+DEFAULT_FONT_NAME_WIN = 'Courier New'
+DEFAULT_FONT_NAME_MAC = 'Menlo'
+
+
+class PilNotAvailable(ImportError):
+    """When Python imaging library is not available"""
+
+
+class FontNotFound(Exception):
+    """When there are no usable fonts specified"""
+
+
+class FontManager:
+    """
+    Manages a set of fonts: normal, italic, bold, etc...
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, font_name, font_size=14):
+        self.font_name = font_name
+        self.font_size = font_size
+        self.fonts = {}
+        self.encoding = None
+        if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
+            if not font_name:
+                self.font_name = DEFAULT_FONT_NAME_WIN
+            self._create_win()
+        elif sys.platform.startswith('darwin'):
+            if not font_name:
+                self.font_name = DEFAULT_FONT_NAME_MAC
+            self._create_mac()
+        else:
+            if not font_name:
+                self.font_name = DEFAULT_FONT_NAME_NIX
+            self._create_nix()
+
+    def _get_nix_font_path(self, name, style):
+        proc = subprocess.Popen(['fc-list', "%s:style=%s" % (name, style), 'file'],
+                                stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=None)
+        stdout, _ = proc.communicate()
+        if proc.returncode == 0:
+            lines = stdout.splitlines()
+            for line in lines:
+                if line.startswith(b'Fontconfig warning:'):
+                    continue
+                path = line.decode().strip().strip(':')
+                if path:
+                    return path
+            return None
+
+    def _create_nix(self):
+        for name in STYLES['NORMAL']:
+            path = self._get_nix_font_path(self.font_name, name)
+            if path is not None:
+                self.fonts['NORMAL'] = ImageFont.truetype(path, self.font_size)
+                break
+        else:
+            raise FontNotFound('No usable fonts named: "%s"' %
+                               self.font_name)
+        for style in ('ITALIC', 'BOLD', 'BOLDITALIC'):
+            for stylename in STYLES[style]:
+                path = self._get_nix_font_path(self.font_name, stylename)
+                if path is not None:
+                    self.fonts[style] = ImageFont.truetype(path, self.font_size)
+                    break
+            else:
+                if style == 'BOLDITALIC':
+                    self.fonts[style] = self.fonts['BOLD']
+                else:
+                    self.fonts[style] = self.fonts['NORMAL']
+
+    def _get_mac_font_path(self, font_map, name, style):
+        return font_map.get((name + ' ' + style).strip().lower())
+
+    def _create_mac(self):
+        font_map = {}
+        for font_dir in (os.path.join(os.getenv("HOME"), 'Library/Fonts/'),
+                         '/Library/Fonts/', '/System/Library/Fonts/'):
+            font_map.update(
+                (os.path.splitext(f)[0].lower(), os.path.join(font_dir, f))
+                for f in os.listdir(font_dir)
+                if f.lower().endswith(('ttf', 'ttc')))
+
+        for name in STYLES['NORMAL']:
+            path = self._get_mac_font_path(font_map, self.font_name, name)
+            if path is not None:
+                self.fonts['NORMAL'] = ImageFont.truetype(path, self.font_size)
+                break
+        else:
+            raise FontNotFound('No usable fonts named: "%s"' %
+                               self.font_name)
+        for style in ('ITALIC', 'BOLD', 'BOLDITALIC'):
+            for stylename in STYLES[style]:
+                path = self._get_mac_font_path(font_map, self.font_name, stylename)
+                if path is not None:
+                    self.fonts[style] = ImageFont.truetype(path, self.font_size)
+                    break
+            else:
+                if style == 'BOLDITALIC':
+                    self.fonts[style] = self.fonts['BOLD']
+                else:
+                    self.fonts[style] = self.fonts['NORMAL']
+
+    def _lookup_win(self, key, basename, styles, fail=False):
+        for suffix in ('', ' (TrueType)'):
+            for style in styles:
+                try:
+                    valname = '%s%s%s' % (basename, style and ' '+style, suffix)
+                    val, _ = _winreg.QueryValueEx(key, valname)
+                    return val
+                except OSError:
+                    continue
+        else:
+            if fail:
+                raise FontNotFound('Font %s (%s) not found in registry' %
+                                   (basename, styles[0]))
+            return None
+
+    def _create_win(self):
+        lookuperror = None
+        keynames = [ (_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, r'Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Fonts'),
+                     (_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, r'Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Fonts'),
+                     (_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, r'Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Fonts'),
+                     (_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, r'Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Fonts') ]
+        for keyname in keynames:
+            try:
+                key = _winreg.OpenKey(*keyname)
+                try:
+                    path = self._lookup_win(key, self.font_name, STYLES['NORMAL'], True)
+                    self.fonts['NORMAL'] = ImageFont.truetype(path, self.font_size)
+                    for style in ('ITALIC', 'BOLD', 'BOLDITALIC'):
+                        path = self._lookup_win(key, self.font_name, STYLES[style])
+                        if path:
+                            self.fonts[style] = ImageFont.truetype(path, self.font_size)
+                        else:
+                            if style == 'BOLDITALIC':
+                                self.fonts[style] = self.fonts['BOLD']
+                            else:
+                                self.fonts[style] = self.fonts['NORMAL']
+                    return
+                except FontNotFound as err:
+                    lookuperror = err
+                finally:
+                    _winreg.CloseKey(key)
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+        else:
+            # If we get here, we checked all registry keys and had no luck
+            # We can be in one of two situations now:
+            # * All key lookups failed. In this case lookuperror is None and we
+            #   will raise a generic error
+            # * At least one lookup failed with a FontNotFound error. In this
+            #   case, we will raise that as a more specific error
+            if lookuperror:
+                raise lookuperror
+            raise FontNotFound('Can\'t open Windows font registry key')
+
+    def get_char_size(self):
+        """
+        Get the character size.
+        """
+        return self.fonts['NORMAL'].getsize('M')
+
+    def get_text_size(self, text):
+        """
+        Get the text size(width, height).
+        """
+        return self.fonts['NORMAL'].getsize(text)
+
+    def get_font(self, bold, oblique):
+        """
+        Get the font based on bold and italic flags.
+        """
+        if bold and oblique:
+            return self.fonts['BOLDITALIC']
+        elif bold:
+            return self.fonts['BOLD']
+        elif oblique:
+            return self.fonts['ITALIC']
+        else:
+            return self.fonts['NORMAL']
+
+
+class ImageFormatter(Formatter):
+    """
+    Create a PNG image from source code. This uses the Python Imaging Library to
+    generate a pixmap from the source code.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+    Additional options accepted:
+
+    `image_format`
+        An image format to output to that is recognised by PIL, these include:
+
+        * "PNG" (default)
+        * "JPEG"
+        * "BMP"
+        * "GIF"
+
+    `line_pad`
+        The extra spacing (in pixels) between each line of text.
+
+        Default: 2
+
+    `font_name`
+        The font name to be used as the base font from which others, such as
+        bold and italic fonts will be generated.  This really should be a
+        monospace font to look sane.
+
+        Default: "Courier New" on Windows, "Menlo" on Mac OS, and
+                 "DejaVu Sans Mono" on \\*nix
+
+    `font_size`
+        The font size in points to be used.
+
+        Default: 14
+
+    `image_pad`
+        The padding, in pixels to be used at each edge of the resulting image.
+
+        Default: 10
+
+    `line_numbers`
+        Whether line numbers should be shown: True/False
+
+        Default: True
+
+    `line_number_start`
+        The line number of the first line.
+
+        Default: 1
+
+    `line_number_step`
+        The step used when printing line numbers.
+
+        Default: 1
+
+    `line_number_bg`
+        The background colour (in "#123456" format) of the line number bar, or
+        None to use the style background color.
+
+        Default: "#eed"
+
+    `line_number_fg`
+        The text color of the line numbers (in "#123456"-like format).
+
+        Default: "#886"
+
+    `line_number_chars`
+        The number of columns of line numbers allowable in the line number
+        margin.
+
+        Default: 2
+
+    `line_number_bold`
+        Whether line numbers will be bold: True/False
+
+        Default: False
+
+    `line_number_italic`
+        Whether line numbers will be italicized: True/False
+
+        Default: False
+
+    `line_number_separator`
+        Whether a line will be drawn between the line number area and the
+        source code area: True/False
+
+        Default: True
+
+    `line_number_pad`
+        The horizontal padding (in pixels) between the line number margin, and
+        the source code area.
+
+        Default: 6
+
+    `hl_lines`
+        Specify a list of lines to be highlighted.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.2
+
+        Default: empty list
+
+    `hl_color`
+        Specify the color for highlighting lines.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.2
+
+        Default: highlight color of the selected style
+    """
+
+    # Required by the pygments mapper
+    name = 'img'
+    aliases = ['img', 'IMG', 'png']
+    filenames = ['*.png']
+
+    unicodeoutput = False
+
+    default_image_format = 'png'
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        """
+        See the class docstring for explanation of options.
+        """
+        if not pil_available:
+            raise PilNotAvailable(
+                'Python Imaging Library is required for this formatter')
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.encoding = 'latin1'  # let pygments.format() do the right thing
+        # Read the style
+        self.styles = dict(self.style)
+        if self.style.background_color is None:
+            self.background_color = '#fff'
+        else:
+            self.background_color = self.style.background_color
+        # Image options
+        self.image_format = get_choice_opt(
+            options, 'image_format', ['png', 'jpeg', 'gif', 'bmp'],
+            self.default_image_format, normcase=True)
+        self.image_pad = get_int_opt(options, 'image_pad', 10)
+        self.line_pad = get_int_opt(options, 'line_pad', 2)
+        # The fonts
+        fontsize = get_int_opt(options, 'font_size', 14)
+        self.fonts = FontManager(options.get('font_name', ''), fontsize)
+        self.fontw, self.fonth = self.fonts.get_char_size()
+        # Line number options
+        self.line_number_fg = options.get('line_number_fg', '#886')
+        self.line_number_bg = options.get('line_number_bg', '#eed')
+        self.line_number_chars = get_int_opt(options,
+                                             'line_number_chars', 2)
+        self.line_number_bold = get_bool_opt(options,
+                                             'line_number_bold', False)
+        self.line_number_italic = get_bool_opt(options,
+                                               'line_number_italic', False)
+        self.line_number_pad = get_int_opt(options, 'line_number_pad', 6)
+        self.line_numbers = get_bool_opt(options, 'line_numbers', True)
+        self.line_number_separator = get_bool_opt(options,
+                                                  'line_number_separator', True)
+        self.line_number_step = get_int_opt(options, 'line_number_step', 1)
+        self.line_number_start = get_int_opt(options, 'line_number_start', 1)
+        if self.line_numbers:
+            self.line_number_width = (self.fontw * self.line_number_chars +
+                                      self.line_number_pad * 2)
+        else:
+            self.line_number_width = 0
+        self.hl_lines = []
+        hl_lines_str = get_list_opt(options, 'hl_lines', [])
+        for line in hl_lines_str:
+            try:
+                self.hl_lines.append(int(line))
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+        self.hl_color = options.get('hl_color',
+                                    self.style.highlight_color) or '#f90'
+        self.drawables = []
+
+    def get_style_defs(self, arg=''):
+        raise NotImplementedError('The -S option is meaningless for the image '
+                                  'formatter. Use -O style=<stylename> instead.')
+
+    def _get_line_height(self):
+        """
+        Get the height of a line.
+        """
+        return self.fonth + self.line_pad
+
+    def _get_line_y(self, lineno):
+        """
+        Get the Y coordinate of a line number.
+        """
+        return lineno * self._get_line_height() + self.image_pad
+
+    def _get_char_width(self):
+        """
+        Get the width of a character.
+        """
+        return self.fontw
+
+    def _get_char_x(self, linelength):
+        """
+        Get the X coordinate of a character position.
+        """
+        return linelength + self.image_pad + self.line_number_width
+
+    def _get_text_pos(self, linelength, lineno):
+        """
+        Get the actual position for a character and line position.
+        """
+        return self._get_char_x(linelength), self._get_line_y(lineno)
+
+    def _get_linenumber_pos(self, lineno):
+        """
+        Get the actual position for the start of a line number.
+        """
+        return (self.image_pad, self._get_line_y(lineno))
+
+    def _get_text_color(self, style):
+        """
+        Get the correct color for the token from the style.
+        """
+        if style['color'] is not None:
+            fill = '#' + style['color']
+        else:
+            fill = '#000'
+        return fill
+
+    def _get_text_bg_color(self, style):
+        """
+        Get the correct background color for the token from the style.
+        """
+        if style['bgcolor'] is not None:
+            bg_color = '#' + style['bgcolor']
+        else:
+            bg_color = None
+        return bg_color
+
+    def _get_style_font(self, style):
+        """
+        Get the correct font for the style.
+        """
+        return self.fonts.get_font(style['bold'], style['italic'])
+
+    def _get_image_size(self, maxlinelength, maxlineno):
+        """
+        Get the required image size.
+        """
+        return (self._get_char_x(maxlinelength) + self.image_pad,
+                self._get_line_y(maxlineno + 0) + self.image_pad)
+
+    def _draw_linenumber(self, posno, lineno):
+        """
+        Remember a line number drawable to paint later.
+        """
+        self._draw_text(
+            self._get_linenumber_pos(posno),
+            str(lineno).rjust(self.line_number_chars),
+            font=self.fonts.get_font(self.line_number_bold,
+                                     self.line_number_italic),
+            text_fg=self.line_number_fg,
+            text_bg=None,
+        )
+
+    def _draw_text(self, pos, text, font, text_fg, text_bg):
+        """
+        Remember a single drawable tuple to paint later.
+        """
+        self.drawables.append((pos, text, font, text_fg, text_bg))
+
+    def _create_drawables(self, tokensource):
+        """
+        Create drawables for the token content.
+        """
+        lineno = charno = maxcharno = 0
+        maxlinelength = linelength = 0
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            while ttype not in self.styles:
+                ttype = ttype.parent
+            style = self.styles[ttype]
+            # TODO: make sure tab expansion happens earlier in the chain.  It
+            # really ought to be done on the input, as to do it right here is
+            # quite complex.
+            value = value.expandtabs(4)
+            lines = value.splitlines(True)
+            # print lines
+            for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+                temp = line.rstrip('\n')
+                if temp:
+                    self._draw_text(
+                        self._get_text_pos(linelength, lineno),
+                        temp,
+                        font = self._get_style_font(style),
+                        text_fg = self._get_text_color(style),
+                        text_bg = self._get_text_bg_color(style),
+                    )
+                    temp_width, temp_hight = self.fonts.get_text_size(temp)
+                    linelength += temp_width
+                    maxlinelength = max(maxlinelength, linelength)
+                    charno += len(temp)
+                    maxcharno = max(maxcharno, charno)
+                if line.endswith('\n'):
+                    # add a line for each extra line in the value
+                    linelength = 0
+                    charno = 0
+                    lineno += 1
+        self.maxlinelength = maxlinelength
+        self.maxcharno = maxcharno
+        self.maxlineno = lineno
+
+    def _draw_line_numbers(self):
+        """
+        Create drawables for the line numbers.
+        """
+        if not self.line_numbers:
+            return
+        for p in range(self.maxlineno):
+            n = p + self.line_number_start
+            if (n % self.line_number_step) == 0:
+                self._draw_linenumber(p, n)
+
+    def _paint_line_number_bg(self, im):
+        """
+        Paint the line number background on the image.
+        """
+        if not self.line_numbers:
+            return
+        if self.line_number_fg is None:
+            return
+        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
+        recth = im.size[-1]
+        rectw = self.image_pad + self.line_number_width - self.line_number_pad
+        draw.rectangle([(0, 0), (rectw, recth)],
+                       fill=self.line_number_bg)
+        if self.line_number_separator:
+            draw.line([(rectw, 0), (rectw, recth)], fill=self.line_number_fg)
+        del draw
+
+    def format(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        """
+        Format ``tokensource``, an iterable of ``(tokentype, tokenstring)``
+        tuples and write it into ``outfile``.
+
+        This implementation calculates where it should draw each token on the
+        pixmap, then calculates the required pixmap size and draws the items.
+        """
+        self._create_drawables(tokensource)
+        self._draw_line_numbers()
+        im = Image.new(
+            'RGB',
+            self._get_image_size(self.maxlinelength, self.maxlineno),
+            self.background_color
+        )
+        self._paint_line_number_bg(im)
+        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
+        # Highlight
+        if self.hl_lines:
+            x = self.image_pad + self.line_number_width - self.line_number_pad + 1
+            recth = self._get_line_height()
+            rectw = im.size[0] - x
+            for linenumber in self.hl_lines:
+                y = self._get_line_y(linenumber - 1)
+                draw.rectangle([(x, y), (x + rectw, y + recth)],
+                               fill=self.hl_color)
+        for pos, value, font, text_fg, text_bg in self.drawables:
+            if text_bg:
+                text_size = draw.textsize(text=value, font=font)
+                draw.rectangle([pos[0], pos[1], pos[0] + text_size[0], pos[1] + text_size[1]], fill=text_bg)
+            draw.text(pos, value, font=font, fill=text_fg)
+        im.save(outfile, self.image_format.upper())
+
+
+# Add one formatter per format, so that the "-f gif" option gives the correct result
+# when used in pygmentize.
+
+class GifImageFormatter(ImageFormatter):
+    """
+    Create a GIF image from source code. This uses the Python Imaging Library to
+    generate a pixmap from the source code.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+    """
+
+    name = 'img_gif'
+    aliases = ['gif']
+    filenames = ['*.gif']
+    default_image_format = 'gif'
+
+
+class JpgImageFormatter(ImageFormatter):
+    """
+    Create a JPEG image from source code. This uses the Python Imaging Library to
+    generate a pixmap from the source code.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+    """
+
+    name = 'img_jpg'
+    aliases = ['jpg', 'jpeg']
+    filenames = ['*.jpg']
+    default_image_format = 'jpeg'
+
+
+class BmpImageFormatter(ImageFormatter):
+    """
+    Create a bitmap image from source code. This uses the Python Imaging Library to
+    generate a pixmap from the source code.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+    """
+
+    name = 'img_bmp'
+    aliases = ['bmp', 'bitmap']
+    filenames = ['*.bmp']
+    default_image_format = 'bmp'
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/irc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/irc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad986e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/irc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.irc
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter for IRC output
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Keyword, Name, Comment, String, Error, \
+    Number, Operator, Generic, Token, Whitespace
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_choice_opt
+
+
+__all__ = ['IRCFormatter']
+
+
+#: Map token types to a tuple of color values for light and dark
+#: backgrounds.
+IRC_COLORS = {
+    Token:              ('',            ''),
+
+    Whitespace:         ('gray',   'brightblack'),
+    Comment:            ('gray',   'brightblack'),
+    Comment.Preproc:    ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Keyword:            ('blue',    'brightblue'),
+    Keyword.Type:       ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Operator.Word:      ('magenta',      'brightcyan'),
+    Name.Builtin:       ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Name.Function:      ('green',   'brightgreen'),
+    Name.Namespace:     ('_cyan_',      '_brightcyan_'),
+    Name.Class:         ('_green_', '_brightgreen_'),
+    Name.Exception:     ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Name.Decorator:     ('brightblack',    'gray'),
+    Name.Variable:      ('red',     'brightred'),
+    Name.Constant:      ('red',     'brightred'),
+    Name.Attribute:     ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Name.Tag:           ('brightblue',        'brightblue'),
+    String:             ('yellow',       'yellow'),
+    Number:             ('blue',    'brightblue'),
+
+    Generic.Deleted:    ('brightred',        'brightred'),
+    Generic.Inserted:   ('green',  'brightgreen'),
+    Generic.Heading:    ('**',         '**'),
+    Generic.Subheading: ('*magenta*',   '*brightmagenta*'),
+    Generic.Error:      ('brightred',        'brightred'),
+
+    Error:              ('_brightred_',      '_brightred_'),
+}
+
+
+IRC_COLOR_MAP = {
+    'white': 0,
+    'black': 1,
+    'blue': 2,
+    'brightgreen': 3,
+    'brightred': 4,
+    'yellow': 5,
+    'magenta': 6,
+    'orange': 7,
+    'green': 7, #compat w/ ansi
+    'brightyellow': 8,
+    'lightgreen': 9,
+    'brightcyan': 9, # compat w/ ansi
+    'cyan': 10,
+    'lightblue': 11,
+    'red': 11, # compat w/ ansi
+    'brightblue': 12,
+    'brightmagenta': 13,
+    'brightblack': 14,
+    'gray': 15,
+}
+
+def ircformat(color, text):
+    if len(color) < 1:
+        return text
+    add = sub = ''
+    if '_' in color: # italic
+        add += '\x1D'
+        sub = '\x1D' + sub
+        color = color.strip('_')
+    if '*' in color: # bold
+        add += '\x02'
+        sub = '\x02' + sub
+        color = color.strip('*')
+    # underline (\x1F) not supported
+    # backgrounds (\x03FF,BB) not supported
+    if len(color) > 0: # actual color - may have issues with ircformat("red", "blah")+"10" type stuff
+        add += '\x03' + str(IRC_COLOR_MAP[color]).zfill(2)
+        sub = '\x03' + sub
+    return add + text + sub
+    return '<'+add+'>'+text+'</'+sub+'>'
+
+
+class IRCFormatter(Formatter):
+    r"""
+    Format tokens with IRC color sequences
+
+    The `get_style_defs()` method doesn't do anything special since there is
+    no support for common styles.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `bg`
+        Set to ``"light"`` or ``"dark"`` depending on the terminal's background
+        (default: ``"light"``).
+
+    `colorscheme`
+        A dictionary mapping token types to (lightbg, darkbg) color names or
+        ``None`` (default: ``None`` = use builtin colorscheme).
+
+    `linenos`
+        Set to ``True`` to have line numbers in the output as well
+        (default: ``False`` = no line numbers).
+    """
+    name = 'IRC'
+    aliases = ['irc', 'IRC']
+    filenames = []
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.darkbg = get_choice_opt(options, 'bg',
+                                     ['light', 'dark'], 'light') == 'dark'
+        self.colorscheme = options.get('colorscheme', None) or IRC_COLORS
+        self.linenos = options.get('linenos', False)
+        self._lineno = 0
+
+    def _write_lineno(self, outfile):
+        self._lineno += 1
+        outfile.write("\n%04d: " % self._lineno)
+
+    def _format_unencoded_with_lineno(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        self._write_lineno(outfile)
+
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            if value.endswith("\n"):
+                self._write_lineno(outfile)
+                value = value[:-1]
+            color = self.colorscheme.get(ttype)
+            while color is None:
+                ttype = ttype.parent
+                color = self.colorscheme.get(ttype)
+            if color:
+                color = color[self.darkbg]
+                spl = value.split('\n')
+                for line in spl[:-1]:
+                    self._write_lineno(outfile)
+                    if line:
+                        outfile.write(ircformat(color, line[:-1]))
+                if spl[-1]:
+                    outfile.write(ircformat(color, spl[-1]))
+            else:
+                outfile.write(value)
+
+        outfile.write("\n")
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        if self.linenos:
+            self._format_unencoded_with_lineno(tokensource, outfile)
+            return
+
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            color = self.colorscheme.get(ttype)
+            while color is None:
+                ttype = ttype[:-1]
+                color = self.colorscheme.get(ttype)
+            if color:
+                color = color[self.darkbg]
+                spl = value.split('\n')
+                for line in spl[:-1]:
+                    if line:
+                        outfile.write(ircformat(color, line))
+                    outfile.write('\n')
+                if spl[-1]:
+                    outfile.write(ircformat(color, spl[-1]))
+            else:
+                outfile.write(value)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/latex.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/latex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60e9892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/latex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.latex
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter for LaTeX fancyvrb output.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+from io import StringIO
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.lexer import Lexer, do_insertions
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Token, STANDARD_TYPES
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_bool_opt, get_int_opt
+
+
+__all__ = ['LatexFormatter']
+
+
+def escape_tex(text, commandprefix):
+    return text.replace('\\', '\x00'). \
+                replace('{', '\x01'). \
+                replace('}', '\x02'). \
+                replace('\x00', r'\%sZbs{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('\x01', r'\%sZob{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('\x02', r'\%sZcb{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('^', r'\%sZca{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('_', r'\%sZus{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('&', r'\%sZam{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('<', r'\%sZlt{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('>', r'\%sZgt{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('#', r'\%sZsh{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('%', r'\%sZpc{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('$', r'\%sZdl{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('-', r'\%sZhy{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace("'", r'\%sZsq{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('"', r'\%sZdq{}' % commandprefix). \
+                replace('~', r'\%sZti{}' % commandprefix)
+
+
+DOC_TEMPLATE = r'''
+\documentclass{%(docclass)s}
+\usepackage{fancyvrb}
+\usepackage{color}
+\usepackage[%(encoding)s]{inputenc}
+%(preamble)s
+
+%(styledefs)s
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\section*{%(title)s}
+
+%(code)s
+\end{document}
+'''
+
+## Small explanation of the mess below :)
+#
+# The previous version of the LaTeX formatter just assigned a command to
+# each token type defined in the current style.  That obviously is
+# problematic if the highlighted code is produced for a different style
+# than the style commands themselves.
+#
+# This version works much like the HTML formatter which assigns multiple
+# CSS classes to each <span> tag, from the most specific to the least
+# specific token type, thus falling back to the parent token type if one
+# is not defined.  Here, the classes are there too and use the same short
+# forms given in token.STANDARD_TYPES.
+#
+# Highlighted code now only uses one custom command, which by default is
+# \PY and selectable by the commandprefix option (and in addition the
+# escapes \PYZat, \PYZlb and \PYZrb which haven't been renamed for
+# backwards compatibility purposes).
+#
+# \PY has two arguments: the classes, separated by +, and the text to
+# render in that style.  The classes are resolved into the respective
+# style commands by magic, which serves to ignore unknown classes.
+#
+# The magic macros are:
+# * \PY@it, \PY@bf, etc. are unconditionally wrapped around the text
+#   to render in \PY@do.  Their definition determines the style.
+# * \PY@reset resets \PY@it etc. to do nothing.
+# * \PY@toks parses the list of classes, using magic inspired by the
+#   keyval package (but modified to use plusses instead of commas
+#   because fancyvrb redefines commas inside its environments).
+# * \PY@tok processes one class, calling the \PY@tok@classname command
+#   if it exists.
+# * \PY@tok@classname sets the \PY@it etc. to reflect the chosen style
+#   for its class.
+# * \PY resets the style, parses the classnames and then calls \PY@do.
+#
+# Tip: to read this code, print it out in substituted form using e.g.
+# >>> print STYLE_TEMPLATE % {'cp': 'PY'}
+
+STYLE_TEMPLATE = r'''
+\makeatletter
+\def\%(cp)s@reset{\let\%(cp)s@it=\relax \let\%(cp)s@bf=\relax%%
+    \let\%(cp)s@ul=\relax \let\%(cp)s@tc=\relax%%
+    \let\%(cp)s@bc=\relax \let\%(cp)s@ff=\relax}
+\def\%(cp)s@tok#1{\csname %(cp)s@tok@#1\endcsname}
+\def\%(cp)s@toks#1+{\ifx\relax#1\empty\else%%
+    \%(cp)s@tok{#1}\expandafter\%(cp)s@toks\fi}
+\def\%(cp)s@do#1{\%(cp)s@bc{\%(cp)s@tc{\%(cp)s@ul{%%
+    \%(cp)s@it{\%(cp)s@bf{\%(cp)s@ff{#1}}}}}}}
+\def\%(cp)s#1#2{\%(cp)s@reset\%(cp)s@toks#1+\relax+\%(cp)s@do{#2}}
+
+%(styles)s
+
+\def\%(cp)sZbs{\char`\\}
+\def\%(cp)sZus{\char`\_}
+\def\%(cp)sZob{\char`\{}
+\def\%(cp)sZcb{\char`\}}
+\def\%(cp)sZca{\char`\^}
+\def\%(cp)sZam{\char`\&}
+\def\%(cp)sZlt{\char`\<}
+\def\%(cp)sZgt{\char`\>}
+\def\%(cp)sZsh{\char`\#}
+\def\%(cp)sZpc{\char`\%%}
+\def\%(cp)sZdl{\char`\$}
+\def\%(cp)sZhy{\char`\-}
+\def\%(cp)sZsq{\char`\'}
+\def\%(cp)sZdq{\char`\"}
+\def\%(cp)sZti{\char`\~}
+%% for compatibility with earlier versions
+\def\%(cp)sZat{@}
+\def\%(cp)sZlb{[}
+\def\%(cp)sZrb{]}
+\makeatother
+'''
+
+
+def _get_ttype_name(ttype):
+    fname = STANDARD_TYPES.get(ttype)
+    if fname:
+        return fname
+    aname = ''
+    while fname is None:
+        aname = ttype[-1] + aname
+        ttype = ttype.parent
+        fname = STANDARD_TYPES.get(ttype)
+    return fname + aname
+
+
+class LatexFormatter(Formatter):
+    r"""
+    Format tokens as LaTeX code. This needs the `fancyvrb` and `color`
+    standard packages.
+
+    Without the `full` option, code is formatted as one ``Verbatim``
+    environment, like this:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: latex
+
+        \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+        \PY{k}{def }\PY{n+nf}{foo}(\PY{n}{bar}):
+            \PY{k}{pass}
+        \end{Verbatim}
+
+    The special command used here (``\PY``) and all the other macros it needs
+    are output by the `get_style_defs` method.
+
+    With the `full` option, a complete LaTeX document is output, including
+    the command definitions in the preamble.
+
+    The `get_style_defs()` method of a `LatexFormatter` returns a string
+    containing ``\def`` commands defining the macros needed inside the
+    ``Verbatim`` environments.
+
+    Additional options accepted:
+
+    `style`
+        The style to use, can be a string or a Style subclass (default:
+        ``'default'``).
+
+    `full`
+        Tells the formatter to output a "full" document, i.e. a complete
+        self-contained document (default: ``False``).
+
+    `title`
+        If `full` is true, the title that should be used to caption the
+        document (default: ``''``).
+
+    `docclass`
+        If the `full` option is enabled, this is the document class to use
+        (default: ``'article'``).
+
+    `preamble`
+        If the `full` option is enabled, this can be further preamble commands,
+        e.g. ``\usepackage`` (default: ``''``).
+
+    `linenos`
+        If set to ``True``, output line numbers (default: ``False``).
+
+    `linenostart`
+        The line number for the first line (default: ``1``).
+
+    `linenostep`
+        If set to a number n > 1, only every nth line number is printed.
+
+    `verboptions`
+        Additional options given to the Verbatim environment (see the *fancyvrb*
+        docs for possible values) (default: ``''``).
+
+    `commandprefix`
+        The LaTeX commands used to produce colored output are constructed
+        using this prefix and some letters (default: ``'PY'``).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.10
+           The default is now ``'PY'`` instead of ``'C'``.
+
+    `texcomments`
+        If set to ``True``, enables LaTeX comment lines.  That is, LaTex markup
+        in comment tokens is not escaped so that LaTeX can render it (default:
+        ``False``).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.2
+
+    `mathescape`
+        If set to ``True``, enables LaTeX math mode escape in comments. That
+        is, ``'$...$'`` inside a comment will trigger math mode (default:
+        ``False``).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.2
+
+    `escapeinside`
+        If set to a string of length 2, enables escaping to LaTeX. Text
+        delimited by these 2 characters is read as LaTeX code and
+        typeset accordingly. It has no effect in string literals. It has
+        no effect in comments if `texcomments` or `mathescape` is
+        set. (default: ``''``).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+    `envname`
+        Allows you to pick an alternative environment name replacing Verbatim.
+        The alternate environment still has to support Verbatim's option syntax.
+        (default: ``'Verbatim'``).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+    name = 'LaTeX'
+    aliases = ['latex', 'tex']
+    filenames = ['*.tex']
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.docclass = options.get('docclass', 'article')
+        self.preamble = options.get('preamble', '')
+        self.linenos = get_bool_opt(options, 'linenos', False)
+        self.linenostart = abs(get_int_opt(options, 'linenostart', 1))
+        self.linenostep = abs(get_int_opt(options, 'linenostep', 1))
+        self.verboptions = options.get('verboptions', '')
+        self.nobackground = get_bool_opt(options, 'nobackground', False)
+        self.commandprefix = options.get('commandprefix', 'PY')
+        self.texcomments = get_bool_opt(options, 'texcomments', False)
+        self.mathescape = get_bool_opt(options, 'mathescape', False)
+        self.escapeinside = options.get('escapeinside', '')
+        if len(self.escapeinside) == 2:
+            self.left = self.escapeinside[0]
+            self.right = self.escapeinside[1]
+        else:
+            self.escapeinside = ''
+        self.envname = options.get('envname', 'Verbatim')
+
+        self._create_stylesheet()
+
+    def _create_stylesheet(self):
+        t2n = self.ttype2name = {Token: ''}
+        c2d = self.cmd2def = {}
+        cp = self.commandprefix
+
+        def rgbcolor(col):
+            if col:
+                return ','.join(['%.2f' % (int(col[i] + col[i + 1], 16) / 255.0)
+                                 for i in (0, 2, 4)])
+            else:
+                return '1,1,1'
+
+        for ttype, ndef in self.style:
+            name = _get_ttype_name(ttype)
+            cmndef = ''
+            if ndef['bold']:
+                cmndef += r'\let\$$@bf=\textbf'
+            if ndef['italic']:
+                cmndef += r'\let\$$@it=\textit'
+            if ndef['underline']:
+                cmndef += r'\let\$$@ul=\underline'
+            if ndef['roman']:
+                cmndef += r'\let\$$@ff=\textrm'
+            if ndef['sans']:
+                cmndef += r'\let\$$@ff=\textsf'
+            if ndef['mono']:
+                cmndef += r'\let\$$@ff=\textsf'
+            if ndef['color']:
+                cmndef += (r'\def\$$@tc##1{\textcolor[rgb]{%s}{##1}}' %
+                           rgbcolor(ndef['color']))
+            if ndef['border']:
+                cmndef += (r'\def\$$@bc##1{{\setlength{\fboxsep}{\string -\fboxrule}'
+                           r'\fcolorbox[rgb]{%s}{%s}{\strut ##1}}}' %
+                           (rgbcolor(ndef['border']),
+                            rgbcolor(ndef['bgcolor'])))
+            elif ndef['bgcolor']:
+                cmndef += (r'\def\$$@bc##1{{\setlength{\fboxsep}{0pt}'
+                           r'\colorbox[rgb]{%s}{\strut ##1}}}' %
+                           rgbcolor(ndef['bgcolor']))
+            if cmndef == '':
+                continue
+            cmndef = cmndef.replace('$$', cp)
+            t2n[ttype] = name
+            c2d[name] = cmndef
+
+    def get_style_defs(self, arg=''):
+        """
+        Return the command sequences needed to define the commands
+        used to format text in the verbatim environment. ``arg`` is ignored.
+        """
+        cp = self.commandprefix
+        styles = []
+        for name, definition in self.cmd2def.items():
+            styles.append(r'\@namedef{%s@tok@%s}{%s}' % (cp, name, definition))
+        return STYLE_TEMPLATE % {'cp': self.commandprefix,
+                                 'styles': '\n'.join(styles)}
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        # TODO: add support for background colors
+        t2n = self.ttype2name
+        cp = self.commandprefix
+
+        if self.full:
+            realoutfile = outfile
+            outfile = StringIO()
+
+        outfile.write('\\begin{' + self.envname + '}[commandchars=\\\\\\{\\}')
+        if self.linenos:
+            start, step = self.linenostart, self.linenostep
+            outfile.write(',numbers=left' +
+                          (start and ',firstnumber=%d' % start or '') +
+                          (step and ',stepnumber=%d' % step or ''))
+        if self.mathescape or self.texcomments or self.escapeinside:
+            outfile.write(',codes={\\catcode`\\$=3\\catcode`\\^=7'
+                          '\\catcode`\\_=8\\relax}')
+        if self.verboptions:
+            outfile.write(',' + self.verboptions)
+        outfile.write(']\n')
+
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            if ttype in Token.Comment:
+                if self.texcomments:
+                    # Try to guess comment starting lexeme and escape it ...
+                    start = value[0:1]
+                    for i in range(1, len(value)):
+                        if start[0] != value[i]:
+                            break
+                        start += value[i]
+
+                    value = value[len(start):]
+                    start = escape_tex(start, cp)
+
+                    # ... but do not escape inside comment.
+                    value = start + value
+                elif self.mathescape:
+                    # Only escape parts not inside a math environment.
+                    parts = value.split('$')
+                    in_math = False
+                    for i, part in enumerate(parts):
+                        if not in_math:
+                            parts[i] = escape_tex(part, cp)
+                        in_math = not in_math
+                    value = '$'.join(parts)
+                elif self.escapeinside:
+                    text = value
+                    value = ''
+                    while text:
+                        a, sep1, text = text.partition(self.left)
+                        if sep1:
+                            b, sep2, text = text.partition(self.right)
+                            if sep2:
+                                value += escape_tex(a, cp) + b
+                            else:
+                                value += escape_tex(a + sep1 + b, cp)
+                        else:
+                            value += escape_tex(a, cp)
+                else:
+                    value = escape_tex(value, cp)
+            elif ttype not in Token.Escape:
+                value = escape_tex(value, cp)
+            styles = []
+            while ttype is not Token:
+                try:
+                    styles.append(t2n[ttype])
+                except KeyError:
+                    # not in current style
+                    styles.append(_get_ttype_name(ttype))
+                ttype = ttype.parent
+            styleval = '+'.join(reversed(styles))
+            if styleval:
+                spl = value.split('\n')
+                for line in spl[:-1]:
+                    if line:
+                        outfile.write("\\%s{%s}{%s}" % (cp, styleval, line))
+                    outfile.write('\n')
+                if spl[-1]:
+                    outfile.write("\\%s{%s}{%s}" % (cp, styleval, spl[-1]))
+            else:
+                outfile.write(value)
+
+        outfile.write('\\end{' + self.envname + '}\n')
+
+        if self.full:
+            encoding = self.encoding or 'utf8'
+            # map known existings encodings from LaTeX distribution
+            encoding = {
+                'utf_8': 'utf8',
+                'latin_1': 'latin1',
+                'iso_8859_1': 'latin1',
+            }.get(encoding.replace('-', '_'), encoding)
+            realoutfile.write(DOC_TEMPLATE %
+                dict(docclass  = self.docclass,
+                     preamble  = self.preamble,
+                     title     = self.title,
+                     encoding  = encoding,
+                     styledefs = self.get_style_defs(),
+                     code      = outfile.getvalue()))
+
+
+class LatexEmbeddedLexer(Lexer):
+    """
+    This lexer takes one lexer as argument, the lexer for the language
+    being formatted, and the left and right delimiters for escaped text.
+
+    First everything is scanned using the language lexer to obtain
+    strings and comments. All other consecutive tokens are merged and
+    the resulting text is scanned for escaped segments, which are given
+    the Token.Escape type. Finally text that is not escaped is scanned
+    again with the language lexer.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, left, right, lang, **options):
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+        self.lang = lang
+        Lexer.__init__(self, **options)
+
+    def get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text):
+        # find and remove all the escape tokens (replace with an empty string)
+        # this is very similar to DelegatingLexer.get_tokens_unprocessed.
+        buffered = ''
+        insertions = []
+        insertion_buf = []
+        for i, t, v in self._find_safe_escape_tokens(text):
+            if t is None:
+                if insertion_buf:
+                    insertions.append((len(buffered), insertion_buf))
+                    insertion_buf = []
+                buffered += v
+            else:
+                insertion_buf.append((i, t, v))
+        if insertion_buf:
+            insertions.append((len(buffered), insertion_buf))
+        return do_insertions(insertions,
+                             self.lang.get_tokens_unprocessed(buffered))
+
+    def _find_safe_escape_tokens(self, text):
+        """ find escape tokens that are not in strings or comments """
+        for i, t, v in self._filter_to(
+            self.lang.get_tokens_unprocessed(text),
+            lambda t: t in Token.Comment or t in Token.String
+        ):
+            if t is None:
+                for i2, t2, v2 in self._find_escape_tokens(v):
+                    yield i + i2, t2, v2
+            else:
+                yield i, None, v
+
+    def _filter_to(self, it, pred):
+        """ Keep only the tokens that match `pred`, merge the others together """
+        buf = ''
+        idx = 0
+        for i, t, v in it:
+            if pred(t):
+                if buf:
+                    yield idx, None, buf
+                    buf = ''
+                yield i, t, v
+            else:
+                if not buf:
+                    idx = i
+                buf += v
+        if buf:
+            yield idx, None, buf
+
+    def _find_escape_tokens(self, text):
+        """ Find escape tokens within text, give token=None otherwise """
+        index = 0
+        while text:
+            a, sep1, text = text.partition(self.left)
+            if a:
+                yield index, None, a
+                index += len(a)
+            if sep1:
+                b, sep2, text = text.partition(self.right)
+                if sep2:
+                    yield index + len(sep1), Token.Escape, b
+                    index += len(sep1) + len(b) + len(sep2)
+                else:
+                    yield index, Token.Error, sep1
+                    index += len(sep1)
+                    text = b
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/other.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/other.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fdf5e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/other.py
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.other
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Other formatters: NullFormatter, RawTokenFormatter.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_choice_opt
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Token
+from pip._vendor.pygments.console import colorize
+
+__all__ = ['NullFormatter', 'RawTokenFormatter', 'TestcaseFormatter']
+
+
+class NullFormatter(Formatter):
+    """
+    Output the text unchanged without any formatting.
+    """
+    name = 'Text only'
+    aliases = ['text', 'null']
+    filenames = ['*.txt']
+
+    def format(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        enc = self.encoding
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            if enc:
+                outfile.write(value.encode(enc))
+            else:
+                outfile.write(value)
+
+
+class RawTokenFormatter(Formatter):
+    r"""
+    Format tokens as a raw representation for storing token streams.
+
+    The format is ``tokentype<TAB>repr(tokenstring)\n``. The output can later
+    be converted to a token stream with the `RawTokenLexer`, described in the
+    :doc:`lexer list <lexers>`.
+
+    Only two options are accepted:
+
+    `compress`
+        If set to ``'gz'`` or ``'bz2'``, compress the output with the given
+        compression algorithm after encoding (default: ``''``).
+    `error_color`
+        If set to a color name, highlight error tokens using that color.  If
+        set but with no value, defaults to ``'red'``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+
+    """
+    name = 'Raw tokens'
+    aliases = ['raw', 'tokens']
+    filenames = ['*.raw']
+
+    unicodeoutput = False
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        # We ignore self.encoding if it is set, since it gets set for lexer
+        # and formatter if given with -Oencoding on the command line.
+        # The RawTokenFormatter outputs only ASCII. Override here.
+        self.encoding = 'ascii'  # let pygments.format() do the right thing
+        self.compress = get_choice_opt(options, 'compress',
+                                       ['', 'none', 'gz', 'bz2'], '')
+        self.error_color = options.get('error_color', None)
+        if self.error_color is True:
+            self.error_color = 'red'
+        if self.error_color is not None:
+            try:
+                colorize(self.error_color, '')
+            except KeyError:
+                raise ValueError("Invalid color %r specified" %
+                                 self.error_color)
+
+    def format(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        try:
+            outfile.write(b'')
+        except TypeError:
+            raise TypeError('The raw tokens formatter needs a binary '
+                            'output file')
+        if self.compress == 'gz':
+            import gzip
+            outfile = gzip.GzipFile('', 'wb', 9, outfile)
+
+            write = outfile.write
+            flush = outfile.close
+        elif self.compress == 'bz2':
+            import bz2
+            compressor = bz2.BZ2Compressor(9)
+
+            def write(text):
+                outfile.write(compressor.compress(text))
+
+            def flush():
+                outfile.write(compressor.flush())
+                outfile.flush()
+        else:
+            write = outfile.write
+            flush = outfile.flush
+
+        if self.error_color:
+            for ttype, value in tokensource:
+                line = b"%r\t%r\n" % (ttype, value)
+                if ttype is Token.Error:
+                    write(colorize(self.error_color, line))
+                else:
+                    write(line)
+        else:
+            for ttype, value in tokensource:
+                write(b"%r\t%r\n" % (ttype, value))
+        flush()
+
+
+TESTCASE_BEFORE = '''\
+    def testNeedsName(lexer):
+        fragment = %r
+        tokens = [
+'''
+TESTCASE_AFTER = '''\
+        ]
+        assert list(lexer.get_tokens(fragment)) == tokens
+'''
+
+
+class TestcaseFormatter(Formatter):
+    """
+    Format tokens as appropriate for a new testcase.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+    name = 'Testcase'
+    aliases = ['testcase']
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        if self.encoding is not None and self.encoding != 'utf-8':
+            raise ValueError("Only None and utf-8 are allowed encodings.")
+
+    def format(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        indentation = ' ' * 12
+        rawbuf = []
+        outbuf = []
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            rawbuf.append(value)
+            outbuf.append('%s(%s, %r),\n' % (indentation, ttype, value))
+
+        before = TESTCASE_BEFORE % (''.join(rawbuf),)
+        during = ''.join(outbuf)
+        after = TESTCASE_AFTER
+        if self.encoding is None:
+            outfile.write(before + during + after)
+        else:
+            outfile.write(before.encode('utf-8'))
+            outfile.write(during.encode('utf-8'))
+            outfile.write(after.encode('utf-8'))
+        outfile.flush()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/pangomarkup.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/pangomarkup.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0657a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/pangomarkup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.pangomarkup
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter for Pango markup output.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+
+
+__all__ = ['PangoMarkupFormatter']
+
+
+_escape_table = {
+    ord('&'): '&amp;',
+    ord('<'): '&lt;',
+}
+
+
+def escape_special_chars(text, table=_escape_table):
+    """Escape & and < for Pango Markup."""
+    return text.translate(table)
+
+
+class PangoMarkupFormatter(Formatter):
+    """
+    Format tokens as Pango Markup code. It can then be rendered to an SVG.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.9
+    """
+
+    name = 'Pango Markup'
+    aliases = ['pango', 'pangomarkup']
+    filenames = []
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+
+        self.styles = {}
+
+        for token, style in self.style:
+            start = ''
+            end = ''
+            if style['color']:
+                start += '<span fgcolor="#%s">' % style['color']
+                end = '</span>' + end
+            if style['bold']:
+                start += '<b>'
+                end = '</b>' + end
+            if style['italic']:
+                start += '<i>'
+                end = '</i>' + end
+            if style['underline']:
+                start += '<u>'
+                end = '</u>' + end
+            self.styles[token] = (start, end)
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        lastval = ''
+        lasttype = None
+
+        outfile.write('<tt>')
+
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            while ttype not in self.styles:
+                ttype = ttype.parent
+            if ttype == lasttype:
+                lastval += escape_special_chars(value)
+            else:
+                if lastval:
+                    stylebegin, styleend = self.styles[lasttype]
+                    outfile.write(stylebegin + lastval + styleend)
+                lastval = escape_special_chars(value)
+                lasttype = ttype
+
+        if lastval:
+            stylebegin, styleend = self.styles[lasttype]
+            outfile.write(stylebegin + lastval + styleend)
+
+        outfile.write('</tt>')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/rtf.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/rtf.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4b0aca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/rtf.py
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.rtf
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    A formatter that generates RTF files.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_int_opt, surrogatepair
+
+
+__all__ = ['RtfFormatter']
+
+
+class RtfFormatter(Formatter):
+    """
+    Format tokens as RTF markup. This formatter automatically outputs full RTF
+    documents with color information and other useful stuff. Perfect for Copy and
+    Paste into Microsoft(R) Word(R) documents.
+
+    Please note that ``encoding`` and ``outencoding`` options are ignored.
+    The RTF format is ASCII natively, but handles unicode characters correctly
+    thanks to escape sequences.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6
+
+    Additional options accepted:
+
+    `style`
+        The style to use, can be a string or a Style subclass (default:
+        ``'default'``).
+
+    `fontface`
+        The used font family, for example ``Bitstream Vera Sans``. Defaults to
+        some generic font which is supposed to have fixed width.
+
+    `fontsize`
+        Size of the font used. Size is specified in half points. The
+        default is 24 half-points, giving a size 12 font.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+    name = 'RTF'
+    aliases = ['rtf']
+    filenames = ['*.rtf']
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        r"""
+        Additional options accepted:
+
+        ``fontface``
+            Name of the font used. Could for example be ``'Courier New'``
+            to further specify the default which is ``'\fmodern'``. The RTF
+            specification claims that ``\fmodern`` are "Fixed-pitch serif
+            and sans serif fonts". Hope every RTF implementation thinks
+            the same about modern...
+
+        """
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.fontface = options.get('fontface') or ''
+        self.fontsize = get_int_opt(options, 'fontsize', 0)
+
+    def _escape(self, text):
+        return text.replace('\\', '\\\\') \
+                   .replace('{', '\\{') \
+                   .replace('}', '\\}')
+
+    def _escape_text(self, text):
+        # empty strings, should give a small performance improvement
+        if not text:
+            return ''
+
+        # escape text
+        text = self._escape(text)
+
+        buf = []
+        for c in text:
+            cn = ord(c)
+            if cn < (2**7):
+                # ASCII character
+                buf.append(str(c))
+            elif (2**7) <= cn < (2**16):
+                # single unicode escape sequence
+                buf.append('{\\u%d}' % cn)
+            elif (2**16) <= cn:
+                # RTF limits unicode to 16 bits.
+                # Force surrogate pairs
+                buf.append('{\\u%d}{\\u%d}' % surrogatepair(cn))
+
+        return ''.join(buf).replace('\n', '\\par\n')
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        # rtf 1.8 header
+        outfile.write('{\\rtf1\\ansi\\uc0\\deff0'
+                      '{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fmodern\\fprq1\\fcharset0%s;}}'
+                      '{\\colortbl;' % (self.fontface and
+                                        ' ' + self._escape(self.fontface) or
+                                        ''))
+
+        # convert colors and save them in a mapping to access them later.
+        color_mapping = {}
+        offset = 1
+        for _, style in self.style:
+            for color in style['color'], style['bgcolor'], style['border']:
+                if color and color not in color_mapping:
+                    color_mapping[color] = offset
+                    outfile.write('\\red%d\\green%d\\blue%d;' % (
+                        int(color[0:2], 16),
+                        int(color[2:4], 16),
+                        int(color[4:6], 16)
+                    ))
+                    offset += 1
+        outfile.write('}\\f0 ')
+        if self.fontsize:
+            outfile.write('\\fs%d' % self.fontsize)
+
+        # highlight stream
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            while not self.style.styles_token(ttype) and ttype.parent:
+                ttype = ttype.parent
+            style = self.style.style_for_token(ttype)
+            buf = []
+            if style['bgcolor']:
+                buf.append('\\cb%d' % color_mapping[style['bgcolor']])
+            if style['color']:
+                buf.append('\\cf%d' % color_mapping[style['color']])
+            if style['bold']:
+                buf.append('\\b')
+            if style['italic']:
+                buf.append('\\i')
+            if style['underline']:
+                buf.append('\\ul')
+            if style['border']:
+                buf.append('\\chbrdr\\chcfpat%d' %
+                           color_mapping[style['border']])
+            start = ''.join(buf)
+            if start:
+                outfile.write('{%s ' % start)
+            outfile.write(self._escape_text(value))
+            if start:
+                outfile.write('}')
+
+        outfile.write('}')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/svg.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/svg.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4de51f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/svg.py
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.svg
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter for SVG output.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Comment
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_bool_opt, get_int_opt
+
+__all__ = ['SvgFormatter']
+
+
+def escape_html(text):
+    """Escape &, <, > as well as single and double quotes for HTML."""
+    return text.replace('&', '&amp;').  \
+                replace('<', '&lt;').   \
+                replace('>', '&gt;').   \
+                replace('"', '&quot;'). \
+                replace("'", '&#39;')
+
+
+class2style = {}
+
+class SvgFormatter(Formatter):
+    """
+    Format tokens as an SVG graphics file.  This formatter is still experimental.
+    Each line of code is a ``<text>`` element with explicit ``x`` and ``y``
+    coordinates containing ``<tspan>`` elements with the individual token styles.
+
+    By default, this formatter outputs a full SVG document including doctype
+    declaration and the ``<svg>`` root element.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+
+    Additional options accepted:
+
+    `nowrap`
+        Don't wrap the SVG ``<text>`` elements in ``<svg><g>`` elements and
+        don't add a XML declaration and a doctype.  If true, the `fontfamily`
+        and `fontsize` options are ignored.  Defaults to ``False``.
+
+    `fontfamily`
+        The value to give the wrapping ``<g>`` element's ``font-family``
+        attribute, defaults to ``"monospace"``.
+
+    `fontsize`
+        The value to give the wrapping ``<g>`` element's ``font-size``
+        attribute, defaults to ``"14px"``.
+
+    `linenos`
+        If ``True``, add line numbers (default: ``False``).
+
+    `linenostart`
+        The line number for the first line (default: ``1``).
+
+    `linenostep`
+        If set to a number n > 1, only every nth line number is printed.
+        
+    `linenowidth`
+        Maximum width devoted to line numbers (default: ``3*ystep``, sufficient
+        for up to 4-digit line numbers. Increase width for longer code blocks).  
+        
+    `xoffset`
+        Starting offset in X direction, defaults to ``0``.
+
+    `yoffset`
+        Starting offset in Y direction, defaults to the font size if it is given
+        in pixels, or ``20`` else.  (This is necessary since text coordinates
+        refer to the text baseline, not the top edge.)
+
+    `ystep`
+        Offset to add to the Y coordinate for each subsequent line.  This should
+        roughly be the text size plus 5.  It defaults to that value if the text
+        size is given in pixels, or ``25`` else.
+
+    `spacehack`
+        Convert spaces in the source to ``&#160;``, which are non-breaking
+        spaces.  SVG provides the ``xml:space`` attribute to control how
+        whitespace inside tags is handled, in theory, the ``preserve`` value
+        could be used to keep all whitespace as-is.  However, many current SVG
+        viewers don't obey that rule, so this option is provided as a workaround
+        and defaults to ``True``.
+    """
+    name = 'SVG'
+    aliases = ['svg']
+    filenames = ['*.svg']
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.nowrap = get_bool_opt(options, 'nowrap', False)
+        self.fontfamily = options.get('fontfamily', 'monospace')
+        self.fontsize = options.get('fontsize', '14px')
+        self.xoffset = get_int_opt(options, 'xoffset', 0)
+        fs = self.fontsize.strip()
+        if fs.endswith('px'): fs = fs[:-2].strip()
+        try:
+            int_fs = int(fs)
+        except:
+            int_fs = 20
+        self.yoffset = get_int_opt(options, 'yoffset', int_fs)
+        self.ystep = get_int_opt(options, 'ystep', int_fs + 5)
+        self.spacehack = get_bool_opt(options, 'spacehack', True)
+        self.linenos = get_bool_opt(options,'linenos',False)
+        self.linenostart = get_int_opt(options,'linenostart',1)
+        self.linenostep = get_int_opt(options,'linenostep',1)
+        self.linenowidth = get_int_opt(options,'linenowidth', 3*self.ystep)
+        self._stylecache = {}
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        """
+        Format ``tokensource``, an iterable of ``(tokentype, tokenstring)``
+        tuples and write it into ``outfile``.
+
+        For our implementation we put all lines in their own 'line group'.
+        """
+        x = self.xoffset
+        y = self.yoffset
+        if not self.nowrap:
+            if self.encoding:
+                outfile.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="%s"?>\n' %
+                              self.encoding)
+            else:
+                outfile.write('<?xml version="1.0"?>\n')
+            outfile.write('<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.0//EN" '
+                          '"http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-SVG-20010904/DTD/'
+                          'svg10.dtd">\n')
+            outfile.write('<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">\n')
+            outfile.write('<g font-family="%s" font-size="%s">\n' %
+                          (self.fontfamily, self.fontsize))
+        
+        counter = self.linenostart 
+        counter_step = self.linenostep
+        counter_style = self._get_style(Comment)
+        line_x = x
+        
+        if self.linenos:
+            if counter % counter_step == 0:
+                outfile.write('<text x="%s" y="%s" %s text-anchor="end">%s</text>' %
+                    (x+self.linenowidth,y,counter_style,counter))
+            line_x += self.linenowidth + self.ystep
+            counter += 1
+
+        outfile.write('<text x="%s" y="%s" xml:space="preserve">' % (line_x, y))
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            style = self._get_style(ttype)
+            tspan = style and '<tspan' + style + '>' or ''
+            tspanend = tspan and '</tspan>' or ''
+            value = escape_html(value)
+            if self.spacehack:
+                value = value.expandtabs().replace(' ', '&#160;')
+            parts = value.split('\n')
+            for part in parts[:-1]:
+                outfile.write(tspan + part + tspanend)
+                y += self.ystep
+                outfile.write('</text>\n')
+                if self.linenos and counter % counter_step == 0:
+                    outfile.write('<text x="%s" y="%s" text-anchor="end" %s>%s</text>' %
+                        (x+self.linenowidth,y,counter_style,counter))
+                
+                counter += 1
+                outfile.write('<text x="%s" y="%s" ' 'xml:space="preserve">' % (line_x,y))
+            outfile.write(tspan + parts[-1] + tspanend)
+        outfile.write('</text>')
+
+        if not self.nowrap:
+            outfile.write('</g></svg>\n')
+
+    def _get_style(self, tokentype):
+        if tokentype in self._stylecache:
+            return self._stylecache[tokentype]
+        otokentype = tokentype
+        while not self.style.styles_token(tokentype):
+            tokentype = tokentype.parent
+        value = self.style.style_for_token(tokentype)
+        result = ''
+        if value['color']:
+            result = ' fill="#' + value['color'] + '"'
+        if value['bold']:
+            result += ' font-weight="bold"'
+        if value['italic']:
+            result += ' font-style="italic"'
+        self._stylecache[otokentype] = result
+        return result
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/terminal.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/terminal.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae66022
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/terminal.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.terminal
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter for terminal output with ANSI sequences.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Keyword, Name, Comment, String, Error, \
+    Number, Operator, Generic, Token, Whitespace
+from pip._vendor.pygments.console import ansiformat
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_choice_opt
+
+
+__all__ = ['TerminalFormatter']
+
+
+#: Map token types to a tuple of color values for light and dark
+#: backgrounds.
+TERMINAL_COLORS = {
+    Token:              ('',            ''),
+
+    Whitespace:         ('gray',   'brightblack'),
+    Comment:            ('gray',   'brightblack'),
+    Comment.Preproc:    ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Keyword:            ('blue',    'brightblue'),
+    Keyword.Type:       ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Operator.Word:      ('magenta',      'brightmagenta'),
+    Name.Builtin:       ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Name.Function:      ('green',   'brightgreen'),
+    Name.Namespace:     ('_cyan_',      '_brightcyan_'),
+    Name.Class:         ('_green_', '_brightgreen_'),
+    Name.Exception:     ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Name.Decorator:     ('brightblack',    'gray'),
+    Name.Variable:      ('red',     'brightred'),
+    Name.Constant:      ('red',     'brightred'),
+    Name.Attribute:     ('cyan',        'brightcyan'),
+    Name.Tag:           ('brightblue',        'brightblue'),
+    String:             ('yellow',       'yellow'),
+    Number:             ('blue',    'brightblue'),
+
+    Generic.Deleted:    ('brightred',        'brightred'),
+    Generic.Inserted:   ('green',  'brightgreen'),
+    Generic.Heading:    ('**',         '**'),
+    Generic.Subheading: ('*magenta*',   '*brightmagenta*'),
+    Generic.Prompt:     ('**',         '**'),
+    Generic.Error:      ('brightred',        'brightred'),
+
+    Error:              ('_brightred_',      '_brightred_'),
+}
+
+
+class TerminalFormatter(Formatter):
+    r"""
+    Format tokens with ANSI color sequences, for output in a text console.
+    Color sequences are terminated at newlines, so that paging the output
+    works correctly.
+
+    The `get_style_defs()` method doesn't do anything special since there is
+    no support for common styles.
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `bg`
+        Set to ``"light"`` or ``"dark"`` depending on the terminal's background
+        (default: ``"light"``).
+
+    `colorscheme`
+        A dictionary mapping token types to (lightbg, darkbg) color names or
+        ``None`` (default: ``None`` = use builtin colorscheme).
+
+    `linenos`
+        Set to ``True`` to have line numbers on the terminal output as well
+        (default: ``False`` = no line numbers).
+    """
+    name = 'Terminal'
+    aliases = ['terminal', 'console']
+    filenames = []
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.darkbg = get_choice_opt(options, 'bg',
+                                     ['light', 'dark'], 'light') == 'dark'
+        self.colorscheme = options.get('colorscheme', None) or TERMINAL_COLORS
+        self.linenos = options.get('linenos', False)
+        self._lineno = 0
+
+    def format(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        return Formatter.format(self, tokensource, outfile)
+
+    def _write_lineno(self, outfile):
+        self._lineno += 1
+        outfile.write("%s%04d: " % (self._lineno != 1 and '\n' or '', self._lineno))
+
+    def _get_color(self, ttype):
+        # self.colorscheme is a dict containing usually generic types, so we
+        # have to walk the tree of dots.  The base Token type must be a key,
+        # even if it's empty string, as in the default above.
+        colors = self.colorscheme.get(ttype)
+        while colors is None:
+            ttype = ttype.parent
+            colors = self.colorscheme.get(ttype)
+        return colors[self.darkbg]
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        if self.linenos:
+            self._write_lineno(outfile)
+
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            color = self._get_color(ttype)
+
+            for line in value.splitlines(True):
+                if color:
+                    outfile.write(ansiformat(color, line.rstrip('\n')))
+                else:
+                    outfile.write(line.rstrip('\n'))
+                if line.endswith('\n'):
+                    if self.linenos:
+                        self._write_lineno(outfile)
+                    else:
+                        outfile.write('\n')
+
+        if self.linenos:
+            outfile.write("\n")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/terminal256.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/terminal256.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5eab14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/formatters/terminal256.py
@@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
+"""
+    pygments.formatters.terminal256
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Formatter for 256-color terminal output with ANSI sequences.
+
+    RGB-to-XTERM color conversion routines adapted from xterm256-conv
+    tool (http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/data/xterm256-conv2.tar.bz2)
+    by Wolfgang Frisch.
+
+    Formatter version 1.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+# TODO:
+#  - Options to map style's bold/underline/italic/border attributes
+#    to some ANSI attrbutes (something like 'italic=underline')
+#  - An option to output "style RGB to xterm RGB/index" conversion table
+#  - An option to indicate that we are running in "reverse background"
+#    xterm. This means that default colors are white-on-black, not
+#    black-on-while, so colors like "white background" need to be converted
+#    to "white background, black foreground", etc...
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.formatter import Formatter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.console import codes
+from pip._vendor.pygments.style import ansicolors
+
+
+__all__ = ['Terminal256Formatter', 'TerminalTrueColorFormatter']
+
+
+class EscapeSequence:
+    def __init__(self, fg=None, bg=None, bold=False, underline=False, italic=False):
+        self.fg = fg
+        self.bg = bg
+        self.bold = bold
+        self.underline = underline
+        self.italic = italic
+
+    def escape(self, attrs):
+        if len(attrs):
+            return "\x1b[" + ";".join(attrs) + "m"
+        return ""
+
+    def color_string(self):
+        attrs = []
+        if self.fg is not None:
+            if self.fg in ansicolors:
+                esc = codes[self.fg.replace('ansi','')]
+                if ';01m' in esc:
+                    self.bold = True
+                # extract fg color code.
+                attrs.append(esc[2:4])
+            else:
+                attrs.extend(("38", "5", "%i" % self.fg))
+        if self.bg is not None:
+            if self.bg in ansicolors:
+                esc = codes[self.bg.replace('ansi','')]
+                # extract fg color code, add 10 for bg.
+                attrs.append(str(int(esc[2:4])+10))
+            else:
+                attrs.extend(("48", "5", "%i" % self.bg))
+        if self.bold:
+            attrs.append("01")
+        if self.underline:
+            attrs.append("04")
+        if self.italic:
+            attrs.append("03")
+        return self.escape(attrs)
+
+    def true_color_string(self):
+        attrs = []
+        if self.fg:
+            attrs.extend(("38", "2", str(self.fg[0]), str(self.fg[1]), str(self.fg[2])))
+        if self.bg:
+            attrs.extend(("48", "2", str(self.bg[0]), str(self.bg[1]), str(self.bg[2])))
+        if self.bold:
+            attrs.append("01")
+        if self.underline:
+            attrs.append("04")
+        if self.italic:
+            attrs.append("03")
+        return self.escape(attrs)
+
+    def reset_string(self):
+        attrs = []
+        if self.fg is not None:
+            attrs.append("39")
+        if self.bg is not None:
+            attrs.append("49")
+        if self.bold or self.underline or self.italic:
+            attrs.append("00")
+        return self.escape(attrs)
+
+
+class Terminal256Formatter(Formatter):
+    """
+    Format tokens with ANSI color sequences, for output in a 256-color
+    terminal or console.  Like in `TerminalFormatter` color sequences
+    are terminated at newlines, so that paging the output works correctly.
+
+    The formatter takes colors from a style defined by the `style` option
+    and converts them to nearest ANSI 256-color escape sequences. Bold and
+    underline attributes from the style are preserved (and displayed).
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.2
+       If the used style defines foreground colors in the form ``#ansi*``, then
+       `Terminal256Formatter` will map these to non extended foreground color.
+       See :ref:`AnsiTerminalStyle` for more information.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.4
+       The ANSI color names have been updated with names that are easier to
+       understand and align with colornames of other projects and terminals.
+       See :ref:`this table <new-ansi-color-names>` for more information.
+
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `style`
+        The style to use, can be a string or a Style subclass (default:
+        ``'default'``).
+
+    `linenos`
+        Set to ``True`` to have line numbers on the terminal output as well
+        (default: ``False`` = no line numbers).
+    """
+    name = 'Terminal256'
+    aliases = ['terminal256', 'console256', '256']
+    filenames = []
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        Formatter.__init__(self, **options)
+
+        self.xterm_colors = []
+        self.best_match = {}
+        self.style_string = {}
+
+        self.usebold = 'nobold' not in options
+        self.useunderline = 'nounderline' not in options
+        self.useitalic = 'noitalic' not in options
+
+        self._build_color_table()  # build an RGB-to-256 color conversion table
+        self._setup_styles()  # convert selected style's colors to term. colors
+
+        self.linenos = options.get('linenos', False)
+        self._lineno = 0
+
+    def _build_color_table(self):
+        # colors 0..15: 16 basic colors
+
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0x00, 0x00, 0x00))  # 0
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0xcd, 0x00, 0x00))  # 1
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0x00, 0xcd, 0x00))  # 2
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0xcd, 0xcd, 0x00))  # 3
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0x00, 0x00, 0xee))  # 4
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0xcd, 0x00, 0xcd))  # 5
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0x00, 0xcd, 0xcd))  # 6
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5))  # 7
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f))  # 8
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0xff, 0x00, 0x00))  # 9
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0x00, 0xff, 0x00))  # 10
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0xff, 0xff, 0x00))  # 11
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0x5c, 0x5c, 0xff))  # 12
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0xff, 0x00, 0xff))  # 13
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0x00, 0xff, 0xff))  # 14
+        self.xterm_colors.append((0xff, 0xff, 0xff))  # 15
+
+        # colors 16..232: the 6x6x6 color cube
+
+        valuerange = (0x00, 0x5f, 0x87, 0xaf, 0xd7, 0xff)
+
+        for i in range(217):
+            r = valuerange[(i // 36) % 6]
+            g = valuerange[(i // 6) % 6]
+            b = valuerange[i % 6]
+            self.xterm_colors.append((r, g, b))
+
+        # colors 233..253: grayscale
+
+        for i in range(1, 22):
+            v = 8 + i * 10
+            self.xterm_colors.append((v, v, v))
+
+    def _closest_color(self, r, g, b):
+        distance = 257*257*3  # "infinity" (>distance from #000000 to #ffffff)
+        match = 0
+
+        for i in range(0, 254):
+            values = self.xterm_colors[i]
+
+            rd = r - values[0]
+            gd = g - values[1]
+            bd = b - values[2]
+            d = rd*rd + gd*gd + bd*bd
+
+            if d < distance:
+                match = i
+                distance = d
+        return match
+
+    def _color_index(self, color):
+        index = self.best_match.get(color, None)
+        if color in ansicolors:
+            # strip the `ansi/#ansi` part and look up code
+            index = color
+            self.best_match[color] = index
+        if index is None:
+            try:
+                rgb = int(str(color), 16)
+            except ValueError:
+                rgb = 0
+
+            r = (rgb >> 16) & 0xff
+            g = (rgb >> 8) & 0xff
+            b = rgb & 0xff
+            index = self._closest_color(r, g, b)
+            self.best_match[color] = index
+        return index
+
+    def _setup_styles(self):
+        for ttype, ndef in self.style:
+            escape = EscapeSequence()
+            # get foreground from ansicolor if set
+            if ndef['ansicolor']:
+                escape.fg = self._color_index(ndef['ansicolor'])
+            elif ndef['color']:
+                escape.fg = self._color_index(ndef['color'])
+            if ndef['bgansicolor']:
+                escape.bg = self._color_index(ndef['bgansicolor'])
+            elif ndef['bgcolor']:
+                escape.bg = self._color_index(ndef['bgcolor'])
+            if self.usebold and ndef['bold']:
+                escape.bold = True
+            if self.useunderline and ndef['underline']:
+                escape.underline = True
+            if self.useitalic and ndef['italic']:
+                escape.italic = True
+            self.style_string[str(ttype)] = (escape.color_string(),
+                                             escape.reset_string())
+
+    def _write_lineno(self, outfile):
+        self._lineno += 1
+        outfile.write("%s%04d: " % (self._lineno != 1 and '\n' or '', self._lineno))
+
+    def format(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        return Formatter.format(self, tokensource, outfile)
+
+    def format_unencoded(self, tokensource, outfile):
+        if self.linenos:
+            self._write_lineno(outfile)
+
+        for ttype, value in tokensource:
+            not_found = True
+            while ttype and not_found:
+                try:
+                    # outfile.write( "<" + str(ttype) + ">" )
+                    on, off = self.style_string[str(ttype)]
+
+                    # Like TerminalFormatter, add "reset colors" escape sequence
+                    # on newline.
+                    spl = value.split('\n')
+                    for line in spl[:-1]:
+                        if line:
+                            outfile.write(on + line + off)
+                        if self.linenos:
+                            self._write_lineno(outfile)
+                        else:
+                            outfile.write('\n')
+
+                    if spl[-1]:
+                        outfile.write(on + spl[-1] + off)
+
+                    not_found = False
+                    # outfile.write( '#' + str(ttype) + '#' )
+
+                except KeyError:
+                    # ottype = ttype
+                    ttype = ttype.parent
+                    # outfile.write( '!' + str(ottype) + '->' + str(ttype) + '!' )
+
+            if not_found:
+                outfile.write(value)
+
+        if self.linenos:
+            outfile.write("\n")
+
+
+
+class TerminalTrueColorFormatter(Terminal256Formatter):
+    r"""
+    Format tokens with ANSI color sequences, for output in a true-color
+    terminal or console.  Like in `TerminalFormatter` color sequences
+    are terminated at newlines, so that paging the output works correctly.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.1
+
+    Options accepted:
+
+    `style`
+        The style to use, can be a string or a Style subclass (default:
+        ``'default'``).
+    """
+    name = 'TerminalTrueColor'
+    aliases = ['terminal16m', 'console16m', '16m']
+    filenames = []
+
+    def _build_color_table(self):
+        pass
+
+    def _color_tuple(self, color):
+        try:
+            rgb = int(str(color), 16)
+        except ValueError:
+            return None
+        r = (rgb >> 16) & 0xff
+        g = (rgb >> 8) & 0xff
+        b = rgb & 0xff
+        return (r, g, b)
+
+    def _setup_styles(self):
+        for ttype, ndef in self.style:
+            escape = EscapeSequence()
+            if ndef['color']:
+                escape.fg = self._color_tuple(ndef['color'])
+            if ndef['bgcolor']:
+                escape.bg = self._color_tuple(ndef['bgcolor'])
+            if self.usebold and ndef['bold']:
+                escape.bold = True
+            if self.useunderline and ndef['underline']:
+                escape.underline = True
+            if self.useitalic and ndef['italic']:
+                escape.italic = True
+            self.style_string[str(ttype)] = (escape.true_color_string(),
+                                             escape.reset_string())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6d4b23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,879 @@
+"""
+    pygments.lexer
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Base lexer classes.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import re
+import sys
+import time
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.filter import apply_filters, Filter
+from pip._vendor.pygments.filters import get_filter_by_name
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Error, Text, Other, _TokenType
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_bool_opt, get_int_opt, get_list_opt, \
+    make_analysator, Future, guess_decode
+from pip._vendor.pygments.regexopt import regex_opt
+
+__all__ = ['Lexer', 'RegexLexer', 'ExtendedRegexLexer', 'DelegatingLexer',
+           'LexerContext', 'include', 'inherit', 'bygroups', 'using', 'this',
+           'default', 'words']
+
+
+_encoding_map = [(b'\xef\xbb\xbf', 'utf-8'),
+                 (b'\xff\xfe\0\0', 'utf-32'),
+                 (b'\0\0\xfe\xff', 'utf-32be'),
+                 (b'\xff\xfe', 'utf-16'),
+                 (b'\xfe\xff', 'utf-16be')]
+
+_default_analyse = staticmethod(lambda x: 0.0)
+
+
+class LexerMeta(type):
+    """
+    This metaclass automagically converts ``analyse_text`` methods into
+    static methods which always return float values.
+    """
+
+    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, d):
+        if 'analyse_text' in d:
+            d['analyse_text'] = make_analysator(d['analyse_text'])
+        return type.__new__(mcs, name, bases, d)
+
+
+class Lexer(metaclass=LexerMeta):
+    """
+    Lexer for a specific language.
+
+    Basic options recognized:
+    ``stripnl``
+        Strip leading and trailing newlines from the input (default: True).
+    ``stripall``
+        Strip all leading and trailing whitespace from the input
+        (default: False).
+    ``ensurenl``
+        Make sure that the input ends with a newline (default: True).  This
+        is required for some lexers that consume input linewise.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.3
+
+    ``tabsize``
+        If given and greater than 0, expand tabs in the input (default: 0).
+    ``encoding``
+        If given, must be an encoding name. This encoding will be used to
+        convert the input string to Unicode, if it is not already a Unicode
+        string (default: ``'guess'``, which uses a simple UTF-8 / Locale /
+        Latin1 detection.  Can also be ``'chardet'`` to use the chardet
+        library, if it is installed.
+    ``inencoding``
+        Overrides the ``encoding`` if given.
+    """
+
+    #: Name of the lexer
+    name = None
+
+    #: Shortcuts for the lexer
+    aliases = []
+
+    #: File name globs
+    filenames = []
+
+    #: Secondary file name globs
+    alias_filenames = []
+
+    #: MIME types
+    mimetypes = []
+
+    #: Priority, should multiple lexers match and no content is provided
+    priority = 0
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        self.options = options
+        self.stripnl = get_bool_opt(options, 'stripnl', True)
+        self.stripall = get_bool_opt(options, 'stripall', False)
+        self.ensurenl = get_bool_opt(options, 'ensurenl', True)
+        self.tabsize = get_int_opt(options, 'tabsize', 0)
+        self.encoding = options.get('encoding', 'guess')
+        self.encoding = options.get('inencoding') or self.encoding
+        self.filters = []
+        for filter_ in get_list_opt(options, 'filters', ()):
+            self.add_filter(filter_)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.options:
+            return '<pygments.lexers.%s with %r>' % (self.__class__.__name__,
+                                                     self.options)
+        else:
+            return '<pygments.lexers.%s>' % self.__class__.__name__
+
+    def add_filter(self, filter_, **options):
+        """
+        Add a new stream filter to this lexer.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(filter_, Filter):
+            filter_ = get_filter_by_name(filter_, **options)
+        self.filters.append(filter_)
+
+    def analyse_text(text):
+        """
+        Has to return a float between ``0`` and ``1`` that indicates
+        if a lexer wants to highlight this text. Used by ``guess_lexer``.
+        If this method returns ``0`` it won't highlight it in any case, if
+        it returns ``1`` highlighting with this lexer is guaranteed.
+
+        The `LexerMeta` metaclass automatically wraps this function so
+        that it works like a static method (no ``self`` or ``cls``
+        parameter) and the return value is automatically converted to
+        `float`. If the return value is an object that is boolean `False`
+        it's the same as if the return values was ``0.0``.
+        """
+
+    def get_tokens(self, text, unfiltered=False):
+        """
+        Return an iterable of (tokentype, value) pairs generated from
+        `text`. If `unfiltered` is set to `True`, the filtering mechanism
+        is bypassed even if filters are defined.
+
+        Also preprocess the text, i.e. expand tabs and strip it if
+        wanted and applies registered filters.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(text, str):
+            if self.encoding == 'guess':
+                text, _ = guess_decode(text)
+            elif self.encoding == 'chardet':
+                try:
+                    from pip._vendor import chardet
+                except ImportError as e:
+                    raise ImportError('To enable chardet encoding guessing, '
+                                      'please install the chardet library '
+                                      'from http://chardet.feedparser.org/') from e
+                # check for BOM first
+                decoded = None
+                for bom, encoding in _encoding_map:
+                    if text.startswith(bom):
+                        decoded = text[len(bom):].decode(encoding, 'replace')
+                        break
+                # no BOM found, so use chardet
+                if decoded is None:
+                    enc = chardet.detect(text[:1024])  # Guess using first 1KB
+                    decoded = text.decode(enc.get('encoding') or 'utf-8',
+                                          'replace')
+                text = decoded
+            else:
+                text = text.decode(self.encoding)
+                if text.startswith('\ufeff'):
+                    text = text[len('\ufeff'):]
+        else:
+            if text.startswith('\ufeff'):
+                text = text[len('\ufeff'):]
+
+        # text now *is* a unicode string
+        text = text.replace('\r\n', '\n')
+        text = text.replace('\r', '\n')
+        if self.stripall:
+            text = text.strip()
+        elif self.stripnl:
+            text = text.strip('\n')
+        if self.tabsize > 0:
+            text = text.expandtabs(self.tabsize)
+        if self.ensurenl and not text.endswith('\n'):
+            text += '\n'
+
+        def streamer():
+            for _, t, v in self.get_tokens_unprocessed(text):
+                yield t, v
+        stream = streamer()
+        if not unfiltered:
+            stream = apply_filters(stream, self.filters, self)
+        return stream
+
+    def get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text):
+        """
+        Return an iterable of (index, tokentype, value) pairs where "index"
+        is the starting position of the token within the input text.
+
+        In subclasses, implement this method as a generator to
+        maximize effectiveness.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class DelegatingLexer(Lexer):
+    """
+    This lexer takes two lexer as arguments. A root lexer and
+    a language lexer. First everything is scanned using the language
+    lexer, afterwards all ``Other`` tokens are lexed using the root
+    lexer.
+
+    The lexers from the ``template`` lexer package use this base lexer.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, _root_lexer, _language_lexer, _needle=Other, **options):
+        self.root_lexer = _root_lexer(**options)
+        self.language_lexer = _language_lexer(**options)
+        self.needle = _needle
+        Lexer.__init__(self, **options)
+
+    def get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text):
+        buffered = ''
+        insertions = []
+        lng_buffer = []
+        for i, t, v in self.language_lexer.get_tokens_unprocessed(text):
+            if t is self.needle:
+                if lng_buffer:
+                    insertions.append((len(buffered), lng_buffer))
+                    lng_buffer = []
+                buffered += v
+            else:
+                lng_buffer.append((i, t, v))
+        if lng_buffer:
+            insertions.append((len(buffered), lng_buffer))
+        return do_insertions(insertions,
+                             self.root_lexer.get_tokens_unprocessed(buffered))
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# RegexLexer and ExtendedRegexLexer
+#
+
+
+class include(str):  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    """
+    Indicates that a state should include rules from another state.
+    """
+    pass
+
+
+class _inherit:
+    """
+    Indicates the a state should inherit from its superclass.
+    """
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'inherit'
+
+inherit = _inherit()  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+
+
+class combined(tuple):  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    """
+    Indicates a state combined from multiple states.
+    """
+
+    def __new__(cls, *args):
+        return tuple.__new__(cls, args)
+
+    def __init__(self, *args):
+        # tuple.__init__ doesn't do anything
+        pass
+
+
+class _PseudoMatch:
+    """
+    A pseudo match object constructed from a string.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, start, text):
+        self._text = text
+        self._start = start
+
+    def start(self, arg=None):
+        return self._start
+
+    def end(self, arg=None):
+        return self._start + len(self._text)
+
+    def group(self, arg=None):
+        if arg:
+            raise IndexError('No such group')
+        return self._text
+
+    def groups(self):
+        return (self._text,)
+
+    def groupdict(self):
+        return {}
+
+
+def bygroups(*args):
+    """
+    Callback that yields multiple actions for each group in the match.
+    """
+    def callback(lexer, match, ctx=None):
+        for i, action in enumerate(args):
+            if action is None:
+                continue
+            elif type(action) is _TokenType:
+                data = match.group(i + 1)
+                if data:
+                    yield match.start(i + 1), action, data
+            else:
+                data = match.group(i + 1)
+                if data is not None:
+                    if ctx:
+                        ctx.pos = match.start(i + 1)
+                    for item in action(lexer,
+                                       _PseudoMatch(match.start(i + 1), data), ctx):
+                        if item:
+                            yield item
+        if ctx:
+            ctx.pos = match.end()
+    return callback
+
+
+class _This:
+    """
+    Special singleton used for indicating the caller class.
+    Used by ``using``.
+    """
+
+this = _This()
+
+
+def using(_other, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Callback that processes the match with a different lexer.
+
+    The keyword arguments are forwarded to the lexer, except `state` which
+    is handled separately.
+
+    `state` specifies the state that the new lexer will start in, and can
+    be an enumerable such as ('root', 'inline', 'string') or a simple
+    string which is assumed to be on top of the root state.
+
+    Note: For that to work, `_other` must not be an `ExtendedRegexLexer`.
+    """
+    gt_kwargs = {}
+    if 'state' in kwargs:
+        s = kwargs.pop('state')
+        if isinstance(s, (list, tuple)):
+            gt_kwargs['stack'] = s
+        else:
+            gt_kwargs['stack'] = ('root', s)
+
+    if _other is this:
+        def callback(lexer, match, ctx=None):
+            # if keyword arguments are given the callback
+            # function has to create a new lexer instance
+            if kwargs:
+                # XXX: cache that somehow
+                kwargs.update(lexer.options)
+                lx = lexer.__class__(**kwargs)
+            else:
+                lx = lexer
+            s = match.start()
+            for i, t, v in lx.get_tokens_unprocessed(match.group(), **gt_kwargs):
+                yield i + s, t, v
+            if ctx:
+                ctx.pos = match.end()
+    else:
+        def callback(lexer, match, ctx=None):
+            # XXX: cache that somehow
+            kwargs.update(lexer.options)
+            lx = _other(**kwargs)
+
+            s = match.start()
+            for i, t, v in lx.get_tokens_unprocessed(match.group(), **gt_kwargs):
+                yield i + s, t, v
+            if ctx:
+                ctx.pos = match.end()
+    return callback
+
+
+class default:
+    """
+    Indicates a state or state action (e.g. #pop) to apply.
+    For example default('#pop') is equivalent to ('', Token, '#pop')
+    Note that state tuples may be used as well.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+    def __init__(self, state):
+        self.state = state
+
+
+class words(Future):
+    """
+    Indicates a list of literal words that is transformed into an optimized
+    regex that matches any of the words.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+    def __init__(self, words, prefix='', suffix=''):
+        self.words = words
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.suffix = suffix
+
+    def get(self):
+        return regex_opt(self.words, prefix=self.prefix, suffix=self.suffix)
+
+
+class RegexLexerMeta(LexerMeta):
+    """
+    Metaclass for RegexLexer, creates the self._tokens attribute from
+    self.tokens on the first instantiation.
+    """
+
+    def _process_regex(cls, regex, rflags, state):
+        """Preprocess the regular expression component of a token definition."""
+        if isinstance(regex, Future):
+            regex = regex.get()
+        return re.compile(regex, rflags).match
+
+    def _process_token(cls, token):
+        """Preprocess the token component of a token definition."""
+        assert type(token) is _TokenType or callable(token), \
+            'token type must be simple type or callable, not %r' % (token,)
+        return token
+
+    def _process_new_state(cls, new_state, unprocessed, processed):
+        """Preprocess the state transition action of a token definition."""
+        if isinstance(new_state, str):
+            # an existing state
+            if new_state == '#pop':
+                return -1
+            elif new_state in unprocessed:
+                return (new_state,)
+            elif new_state == '#push':
+                return new_state
+            elif new_state[:5] == '#pop:':
+                return -int(new_state[5:])
+            else:
+                assert False, 'unknown new state %r' % new_state
+        elif isinstance(new_state, combined):
+            # combine a new state from existing ones
+            tmp_state = '_tmp_%d' % cls._tmpname
+            cls._tmpname += 1
+            itokens = []
+            for istate in new_state:
+                assert istate != new_state, 'circular state ref %r' % istate
+                itokens.extend(cls._process_state(unprocessed,
+                                                  processed, istate))
+            processed[tmp_state] = itokens
+            return (tmp_state,)
+        elif isinstance(new_state, tuple):
+            # push more than one state
+            for istate in new_state:
+                assert (istate in unprocessed or
+                        istate in ('#pop', '#push')), \
+                    'unknown new state ' + istate
+            return new_state
+        else:
+            assert False, 'unknown new state def %r' % new_state
+
+    def _process_state(cls, unprocessed, processed, state):
+        """Preprocess a single state definition."""
+        assert type(state) is str, "wrong state name %r" % state
+        assert state[0] != '#', "invalid state name %r" % state
+        if state in processed:
+            return processed[state]
+        tokens = processed[state] = []
+        rflags = cls.flags
+        for tdef in unprocessed[state]:
+            if isinstance(tdef, include):
+                # it's a state reference
+                assert tdef != state, "circular state reference %r" % state
+                tokens.extend(cls._process_state(unprocessed, processed,
+                                                 str(tdef)))
+                continue
+            if isinstance(tdef, _inherit):
+                # should be processed already, but may not in the case of:
+                # 1. the state has no counterpart in any parent
+                # 2. the state includes more than one 'inherit'
+                continue
+            if isinstance(tdef, default):
+                new_state = cls._process_new_state(tdef.state, unprocessed, processed)
+                tokens.append((re.compile('').match, None, new_state))
+                continue
+
+            assert type(tdef) is tuple, "wrong rule def %r" % tdef
+
+            try:
+                rex = cls._process_regex(tdef[0], rflags, state)
+            except Exception as err:
+                raise ValueError("uncompilable regex %r in state %r of %r: %s" %
+                                 (tdef[0], state, cls, err)) from err
+
+            token = cls._process_token(tdef[1])
+
+            if len(tdef) == 2:
+                new_state = None
+            else:
+                new_state = cls._process_new_state(tdef[2],
+                                                   unprocessed, processed)
+
+            tokens.append((rex, token, new_state))
+        return tokens
+
+    def process_tokendef(cls, name, tokendefs=None):
+        """Preprocess a dictionary of token definitions."""
+        processed = cls._all_tokens[name] = {}
+        tokendefs = tokendefs or cls.tokens[name]
+        for state in list(tokendefs):
+            cls._process_state(tokendefs, processed, state)
+        return processed
+
+    def get_tokendefs(cls):
+        """
+        Merge tokens from superclasses in MRO order, returning a single tokendef
+        dictionary.
+
+        Any state that is not defined by a subclass will be inherited
+        automatically.  States that *are* defined by subclasses will, by
+        default, override that state in the superclass.  If a subclass wishes to
+        inherit definitions from a superclass, it can use the special value
+        "inherit", which will cause the superclass' state definition to be
+        included at that point in the state.
+        """
+        tokens = {}
+        inheritable = {}
+        for c in cls.__mro__:
+            toks = c.__dict__.get('tokens', {})
+
+            for state, items in toks.items():
+                curitems = tokens.get(state)
+                if curitems is None:
+                    # N.b. because this is assigned by reference, sufficiently
+                    # deep hierarchies are processed incrementally (e.g. for
+                    # A(B), B(C), C(RegexLexer), B will be premodified so X(B)
+                    # will not see any inherits in B).
+                    tokens[state] = items
+                    try:
+                        inherit_ndx = items.index(inherit)
+                    except ValueError:
+                        continue
+                    inheritable[state] = inherit_ndx
+                    continue
+
+                inherit_ndx = inheritable.pop(state, None)
+                if inherit_ndx is None:
+                    continue
+
+                # Replace the "inherit" value with the items
+                curitems[inherit_ndx:inherit_ndx+1] = items
+                try:
+                    # N.b. this is the index in items (that is, the superclass
+                    # copy), so offset required when storing below.
+                    new_inh_ndx = items.index(inherit)
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    inheritable[state] = inherit_ndx + new_inh_ndx
+
+        return tokens
+
+    def __call__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+        """Instantiate cls after preprocessing its token definitions."""
+        if '_tokens' not in cls.__dict__:
+            cls._all_tokens = {}
+            cls._tmpname = 0
+            if hasattr(cls, 'token_variants') and cls.token_variants:
+                # don't process yet
+                pass
+            else:
+                cls._tokens = cls.process_tokendef('', cls.get_tokendefs())
+
+        return type.__call__(cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+class RegexLexer(Lexer, metaclass=RegexLexerMeta):
+    """
+    Base for simple stateful regular expression-based lexers.
+    Simplifies the lexing process so that you need only
+    provide a list of states and regular expressions.
+    """
+
+    #: Flags for compiling the regular expressions.
+    #: Defaults to MULTILINE.
+    flags = re.MULTILINE
+
+    #: At all time there is a stack of states. Initially, the stack contains
+    #: a single state 'root'. The top of the stack is called "the current state".
+    #:
+    #: Dict of ``{'state': [(regex, tokentype, new_state), ...], ...}``
+    #:
+    #: ``new_state`` can be omitted to signify no state transition.
+    #: If ``new_state`` is a string, it is pushed on the stack. This ensure
+    #: the new current state is ``new_state``.
+    #: If ``new_state`` is a tuple of strings, all of those strings are pushed
+    #: on the stack and the current state will be the last element of the list.
+    #: ``new_state`` can also be ``combined('state1', 'state2', ...)``
+    #: to signify a new, anonymous state combined from the rules of two
+    #: or more existing ones.
+    #: Furthermore, it can be '#pop' to signify going back one step in
+    #: the state stack, or '#push' to push the current state on the stack
+    #: again. Note that if you push while in a combined state, the combined
+    #: state itself is pushed, and not only the state in which the rule is
+    #: defined.
+    #:
+    #: The tuple can also be replaced with ``include('state')``, in which
+    #: case the rules from the state named by the string are included in the
+    #: current one.
+    tokens = {}
+
+    def get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text, stack=('root',)):
+        """
+        Split ``text`` into (tokentype, text) pairs.
+
+        ``stack`` is the inital stack (default: ``['root']``)
+        """
+        pos = 0
+        tokendefs = self._tokens
+        statestack = list(stack)
+        statetokens = tokendefs[statestack[-1]]
+        while 1:
+            for rexmatch, action, new_state in statetokens:
+                m = rexmatch(text, pos)
+                if m:
+                    if action is not None:
+                        if type(action) is _TokenType:
+                            yield pos, action, m.group()
+                        else:
+                            yield from action(self, m)
+                    pos = m.end()
+                    if new_state is not None:
+                        # state transition
+                        if isinstance(new_state, tuple):
+                            for state in new_state:
+                                if state == '#pop':
+                                    if len(statestack) > 1:
+                                        statestack.pop()
+                                elif state == '#push':
+                                    statestack.append(statestack[-1])
+                                else:
+                                    statestack.append(state)
+                        elif isinstance(new_state, int):
+                            # pop, but keep at least one state on the stack
+                            # (random code leading to unexpected pops should
+                            # not allow exceptions)
+                            if abs(new_state) >= len(statestack):
+                                del statestack[1:]
+                            else:
+                                del statestack[new_state:]
+                        elif new_state == '#push':
+                            statestack.append(statestack[-1])
+                        else:
+                            assert False, "wrong state def: %r" % new_state
+                        statetokens = tokendefs[statestack[-1]]
+                    break
+            else:
+                # We are here only if all state tokens have been considered
+                # and there was not a match on any of them.
+                try:
+                    if text[pos] == '\n':
+                        # at EOL, reset state to "root"
+                        statestack = ['root']
+                        statetokens = tokendefs['root']
+                        yield pos, Text, '\n'
+                        pos += 1
+                        continue
+                    yield pos, Error, text[pos]
+                    pos += 1
+                except IndexError:
+                    break
+
+
+class LexerContext:
+    """
+    A helper object that holds lexer position data.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, text, pos, stack=None, end=None):
+        self.text = text
+        self.pos = pos
+        self.end = end or len(text)  # end=0 not supported ;-)
+        self.stack = stack or ['root']
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'LexerContext(%r, %r, %r)' % (
+            self.text, self.pos, self.stack)
+
+
+class ExtendedRegexLexer(RegexLexer):
+    """
+    A RegexLexer that uses a context object to store its state.
+    """
+
+    def get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text=None, context=None):
+        """
+        Split ``text`` into (tokentype, text) pairs.
+        If ``context`` is given, use this lexer context instead.
+        """
+        tokendefs = self._tokens
+        if not context:
+            ctx = LexerContext(text, 0)
+            statetokens = tokendefs['root']
+        else:
+            ctx = context
+            statetokens = tokendefs[ctx.stack[-1]]
+            text = ctx.text
+        while 1:
+            for rexmatch, action, new_state in statetokens:
+                m = rexmatch(text, ctx.pos, ctx.end)
+                if m:
+                    if action is not None:
+                        if type(action) is _TokenType:
+                            yield ctx.pos, action, m.group()
+                            ctx.pos = m.end()
+                        else:
+                            yield from action(self, m, ctx)
+                            if not new_state:
+                                # altered the state stack?
+                                statetokens = tokendefs[ctx.stack[-1]]
+                    # CAUTION: callback must set ctx.pos!
+                    if new_state is not None:
+                        # state transition
+                        if isinstance(new_state, tuple):
+                            for state in new_state:
+                                if state == '#pop':
+                                    if len(ctx.stack) > 1:
+                                        ctx.stack.pop()
+                                elif state == '#push':
+                                    ctx.stack.append(ctx.stack[-1])
+                                else:
+                                    ctx.stack.append(state)
+                        elif isinstance(new_state, int):
+                            # see RegexLexer for why this check is made
+                            if abs(new_state) >= len(ctx.stack):
+                                del ctx.state[1:]
+                            else:
+                                del ctx.stack[new_state:]
+                        elif new_state == '#push':
+                            ctx.stack.append(ctx.stack[-1])
+                        else:
+                            assert False, "wrong state def: %r" % new_state
+                        statetokens = tokendefs[ctx.stack[-1]]
+                    break
+            else:
+                try:
+                    if ctx.pos >= ctx.end:
+                        break
+                    if text[ctx.pos] == '\n':
+                        # at EOL, reset state to "root"
+                        ctx.stack = ['root']
+                        statetokens = tokendefs['root']
+                        yield ctx.pos, Text, '\n'
+                        ctx.pos += 1
+                        continue
+                    yield ctx.pos, Error, text[ctx.pos]
+                    ctx.pos += 1
+                except IndexError:
+                    break
+
+
+def do_insertions(insertions, tokens):
+    """
+    Helper for lexers which must combine the results of several
+    sublexers.
+
+    ``insertions`` is a list of ``(index, itokens)`` pairs.
+    Each ``itokens`` iterable should be inserted at position
+    ``index`` into the token stream given by the ``tokens``
+    argument.
+
+    The result is a combined token stream.
+
+    TODO: clean up the code here.
+    """
+    insertions = iter(insertions)
+    try:
+        index, itokens = next(insertions)
+    except StopIteration:
+        # no insertions
+        yield from tokens
+        return
+
+    realpos = None
+    insleft = True
+
+    # iterate over the token stream where we want to insert
+    # the tokens from the insertion list.
+    for i, t, v in tokens:
+        # first iteration. store the postition of first item
+        if realpos is None:
+            realpos = i
+        oldi = 0
+        while insleft and i + len(v) >= index:
+            tmpval = v[oldi:index - i]
+            if tmpval:
+                yield realpos, t, tmpval
+                realpos += len(tmpval)
+            for it_index, it_token, it_value in itokens:
+                yield realpos, it_token, it_value
+                realpos += len(it_value)
+            oldi = index - i
+            try:
+                index, itokens = next(insertions)
+            except StopIteration:
+                insleft = False
+                break  # not strictly necessary
+        if oldi < len(v):
+            yield realpos, t, v[oldi:]
+            realpos += len(v) - oldi
+
+    # leftover tokens
+    while insleft:
+        # no normal tokens, set realpos to zero
+        realpos = realpos or 0
+        for p, t, v in itokens:
+            yield realpos, t, v
+            realpos += len(v)
+        try:
+            index, itokens = next(insertions)
+        except StopIteration:
+            insleft = False
+            break  # not strictly necessary
+
+
+class ProfilingRegexLexerMeta(RegexLexerMeta):
+    """Metaclass for ProfilingRegexLexer, collects regex timing info."""
+
+    def _process_regex(cls, regex, rflags, state):
+        if isinstance(regex, words):
+            rex = regex_opt(regex.words, prefix=regex.prefix,
+                            suffix=regex.suffix)
+        else:
+            rex = regex
+        compiled = re.compile(rex, rflags)
+
+        def match_func(text, pos, endpos=sys.maxsize):
+            info = cls._prof_data[-1].setdefault((state, rex), [0, 0.0])
+            t0 = time.time()
+            res = compiled.match(text, pos, endpos)
+            t1 = time.time()
+            info[0] += 1
+            info[1] += t1 - t0
+            return res
+        return match_func
+
+
+class ProfilingRegexLexer(RegexLexer, metaclass=ProfilingRegexLexerMeta):
+    """Drop-in replacement for RegexLexer that does profiling of its regexes."""
+
+    _prof_data = []
+    _prof_sort_index = 4  # defaults to time per call
+
+    def get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text, stack=('root',)):
+        # this needs to be a stack, since using(this) will produce nested calls
+        self.__class__._prof_data.append({})
+        yield from RegexLexer.get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text, stack)
+        rawdata = self.__class__._prof_data.pop()
+        data = sorted(((s, repr(r).strip('u\'').replace('\\\\', '\\')[:65],
+                        n, 1000 * t, 1000 * t / n)
+                       for ((s, r), (n, t)) in rawdata.items()),
+                      key=lambda x: x[self._prof_sort_index],
+                      reverse=True)
+        sum_total = sum(x[3] for x in data)
+
+        print()
+        print('Profiling result for %s lexing %d chars in %.3f ms' %
+              (self.__class__.__name__, len(text), sum_total))
+        print('=' * 110)
+        print('%-20s %-64s ncalls  tottime  percall' % ('state', 'regex'))
+        print('-' * 110)
+        for d in data:
+            print('%-20s %-65s %5d %8.4f %8.4f' % d)
+        print('=' * 110)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexers/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexers/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6981b8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexers/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+"""
+    pygments.lexers
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Pygments lexers.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import re
+import sys
+import types
+import fnmatch
+from os.path import basename
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.lexers._mapping import LEXERS
+from pip._vendor.pygments.modeline import get_filetype_from_buffer
+from pip._vendor.pygments.plugin import find_plugin_lexers
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import ClassNotFound, guess_decode
+
+COMPAT = {
+    'Python3Lexer': 'PythonLexer',
+    'Python3TracebackLexer': 'PythonTracebackLexer',
+}
+
+__all__ = ['get_lexer_by_name', 'get_lexer_for_filename', 'find_lexer_class',
+           'guess_lexer', 'load_lexer_from_file'] + list(LEXERS) + list(COMPAT)
+
+_lexer_cache = {}
+_pattern_cache = {}
+
+
+def _fn_matches(fn, glob):
+    """Return whether the supplied file name fn matches pattern filename."""
+    if glob not in _pattern_cache:
+        pattern = _pattern_cache[glob] = re.compile(fnmatch.translate(glob))
+        return pattern.match(fn)
+    return _pattern_cache[glob].match(fn)
+
+
+def _load_lexers(module_name):
+    """Load a lexer (and all others in the module too)."""
+    mod = __import__(module_name, None, None, ['__all__'])
+    for lexer_name in mod.__all__:
+        cls = getattr(mod, lexer_name)
+        _lexer_cache[cls.name] = cls
+
+
+def get_all_lexers():
+    """Return a generator of tuples in the form ``(name, aliases,
+    filenames, mimetypes)`` of all know lexers.
+    """
+    for item in LEXERS.values():
+        yield item[1:]
+    for lexer in find_plugin_lexers():
+        yield lexer.name, lexer.aliases, lexer.filenames, lexer.mimetypes
+
+
+def find_lexer_class(name):
+    """Lookup a lexer class by name.
+
+    Return None if not found.
+    """
+    if name in _lexer_cache:
+        return _lexer_cache[name]
+    # lookup builtin lexers
+    for module_name, lname, aliases, _, _ in LEXERS.values():
+        if name == lname:
+            _load_lexers(module_name)
+            return _lexer_cache[name]
+    # continue with lexers from setuptools entrypoints
+    for cls in find_plugin_lexers():
+        if cls.name == name:
+            return cls
+
+
+def find_lexer_class_by_name(_alias):
+    """Lookup a lexer class by alias.
+
+    Like `get_lexer_by_name`, but does not instantiate the class.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.2
+    """
+    if not _alias:
+        raise ClassNotFound('no lexer for alias %r found' % _alias)
+    # lookup builtin lexers
+    for module_name, name, aliases, _, _ in LEXERS.values():
+        if _alias.lower() in aliases:
+            if name not in _lexer_cache:
+                _load_lexers(module_name)
+            return _lexer_cache[name]
+    # continue with lexers from setuptools entrypoints
+    for cls in find_plugin_lexers():
+        if _alias.lower() in cls.aliases:
+            return cls
+    raise ClassNotFound('no lexer for alias %r found' % _alias)
+
+
+def get_lexer_by_name(_alias, **options):
+    """Get a lexer by an alias.
+
+    Raises ClassNotFound if not found.
+    """
+    if not _alias:
+        raise ClassNotFound('no lexer for alias %r found' % _alias)
+
+    # lookup builtin lexers
+    for module_name, name, aliases, _, _ in LEXERS.values():
+        if _alias.lower() in aliases:
+            if name not in _lexer_cache:
+                _load_lexers(module_name)
+            return _lexer_cache[name](**options)
+    # continue with lexers from setuptools entrypoints
+    for cls in find_plugin_lexers():
+        if _alias.lower() in cls.aliases:
+            return cls(**options)
+    raise ClassNotFound('no lexer for alias %r found' % _alias)
+
+
+def load_lexer_from_file(filename, lexername="CustomLexer", **options):
+    """Load a lexer from a file.
+
+    This method expects a file located relative to the current working
+    directory, which contains a Lexer class. By default, it expects the
+    Lexer to be name CustomLexer; you can specify your own class name
+    as the second argument to this function.
+
+    Users should be very careful with the input, because this method
+    is equivalent to running eval on the input file.
+
+    Raises ClassNotFound if there are any problems importing the Lexer.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.2
+    """
+    try:
+        # This empty dict will contain the namespace for the exec'd file
+        custom_namespace = {}
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            exec(f.read(), custom_namespace)
+        # Retrieve the class `lexername` from that namespace
+        if lexername not in custom_namespace:
+            raise ClassNotFound('no valid %s class found in %s' %
+                                (lexername, filename))
+        lexer_class = custom_namespace[lexername]
+        # And finally instantiate it with the options
+        return lexer_class(**options)
+    except OSError as err:
+        raise ClassNotFound('cannot read %s: %s' % (filename, err))
+    except ClassNotFound:
+        raise
+    except Exception as err:
+        raise ClassNotFound('error when loading custom lexer: %s' % err)
+
+
+def find_lexer_class_for_filename(_fn, code=None):
+    """Get a lexer for a filename.
+
+    If multiple lexers match the filename pattern, use ``analyse_text()`` to
+    figure out which one is more appropriate.
+
+    Returns None if not found.
+    """
+    matches = []
+    fn = basename(_fn)
+    for modname, name, _, filenames, _ in LEXERS.values():
+        for filename in filenames:
+            if _fn_matches(fn, filename):
+                if name not in _lexer_cache:
+                    _load_lexers(modname)
+                matches.append((_lexer_cache[name], filename))
+    for cls in find_plugin_lexers():
+        for filename in cls.filenames:
+            if _fn_matches(fn, filename):
+                matches.append((cls, filename))
+
+    if isinstance(code, bytes):
+        # decode it, since all analyse_text functions expect unicode
+        code = guess_decode(code)
+
+    def get_rating(info):
+        cls, filename = info
+        # explicit patterns get a bonus
+        bonus = '*' not in filename and 0.5 or 0
+        # The class _always_ defines analyse_text because it's included in
+        # the Lexer class.  The default implementation returns None which
+        # gets turned into 0.0.  Run scripts/detect_missing_analyse_text.py
+        # to find lexers which need it overridden.
+        if code:
+            return cls.analyse_text(code) + bonus, cls.__name__
+        return cls.priority + bonus, cls.__name__
+
+    if matches:
+        matches.sort(key=get_rating)
+        # print "Possible lexers, after sort:", matches
+        return matches[-1][0]
+
+
+def get_lexer_for_filename(_fn, code=None, **options):
+    """Get a lexer for a filename.
+
+    If multiple lexers match the filename pattern, use ``analyse_text()`` to
+    figure out which one is more appropriate.
+
+    Raises ClassNotFound if not found.
+    """
+    res = find_lexer_class_for_filename(_fn, code)
+    if not res:
+        raise ClassNotFound('no lexer for filename %r found' % _fn)
+    return res(**options)
+
+
+def get_lexer_for_mimetype(_mime, **options):
+    """Get a lexer for a mimetype.
+
+    Raises ClassNotFound if not found.
+    """
+    for modname, name, _, _, mimetypes in LEXERS.values():
+        if _mime in mimetypes:
+            if name not in _lexer_cache:
+                _load_lexers(modname)
+            return _lexer_cache[name](**options)
+    for cls in find_plugin_lexers():
+        if _mime in cls.mimetypes:
+            return cls(**options)
+    raise ClassNotFound('no lexer for mimetype %r found' % _mime)
+
+
+def _iter_lexerclasses(plugins=True):
+    """Return an iterator over all lexer classes."""
+    for key in sorted(LEXERS):
+        module_name, name = LEXERS[key][:2]
+        if name not in _lexer_cache:
+            _load_lexers(module_name)
+        yield _lexer_cache[name]
+    if plugins:
+        yield from find_plugin_lexers()
+
+
+def guess_lexer_for_filename(_fn, _text, **options):
+    """
+    Lookup all lexers that handle those filenames primary (``filenames``)
+    or secondary (``alias_filenames``). Then run a text analysis for those
+    lexers and choose the best result.
+
+    usage::
+
+        >>> from pygments.lexers import guess_lexer_for_filename
+        >>> guess_lexer_for_filename('hello.html', '<%= @foo %>')
+        <pygments.lexers.templates.RhtmlLexer object at 0xb7d2f32c>
+        >>> guess_lexer_for_filename('hello.html', '<h1>{{ title|e }}</h1>')
+        <pygments.lexers.templates.HtmlDjangoLexer object at 0xb7d2f2ac>
+        >>> guess_lexer_for_filename('style.css', 'a { color: <?= $link ?> }')
+        <pygments.lexers.templates.CssPhpLexer object at 0xb7ba518c>
+    """
+    fn = basename(_fn)
+    primary = {}
+    matching_lexers = set()
+    for lexer in _iter_lexerclasses():
+        for filename in lexer.filenames:
+            if _fn_matches(fn, filename):
+                matching_lexers.add(lexer)
+                primary[lexer] = True
+        for filename in lexer.alias_filenames:
+            if _fn_matches(fn, filename):
+                matching_lexers.add(lexer)
+                primary[lexer] = False
+    if not matching_lexers:
+        raise ClassNotFound('no lexer for filename %r found' % fn)
+    if len(matching_lexers) == 1:
+        return matching_lexers.pop()(**options)
+    result = []
+    for lexer in matching_lexers:
+        rv = lexer.analyse_text(_text)
+        if rv == 1.0:
+            return lexer(**options)
+        result.append((rv, lexer))
+
+    def type_sort(t):
+        # sort by:
+        # - analyse score
+        # - is primary filename pattern?
+        # - priority
+        # - last resort: class name
+        return (t[0], primary[t[1]], t[1].priority, t[1].__name__)
+    result.sort(key=type_sort)
+
+    return result[-1][1](**options)
+
+
+def guess_lexer(_text, **options):
+    """Guess a lexer by strong distinctions in the text (eg, shebang)."""
+
+    if not isinstance(_text, str):
+        inencoding = options.get('inencoding', options.get('encoding'))
+        if inencoding:
+            _text = _text.decode(inencoding or 'utf8')
+        else:
+            _text, _ = guess_decode(_text)
+
+    # try to get a vim modeline first
+    ft = get_filetype_from_buffer(_text)
+
+    if ft is not None:
+        try:
+            return get_lexer_by_name(ft, **options)
+        except ClassNotFound:
+            pass
+
+    best_lexer = [0.0, None]
+    for lexer in _iter_lexerclasses():
+        rv = lexer.analyse_text(_text)
+        if rv == 1.0:
+            return lexer(**options)
+        if rv > best_lexer[0]:
+            best_lexer[:] = (rv, lexer)
+    if not best_lexer[0] or best_lexer[1] is None:
+        raise ClassNotFound('no lexer matching the text found')
+    return best_lexer[1](**options)
+
+
+class _automodule(types.ModuleType):
+    """Automatically import lexers."""
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        info = LEXERS.get(name)
+        if info:
+            _load_lexers(info[0])
+            cls = _lexer_cache[info[1]]
+            setattr(self, name, cls)
+            return cls
+        if name in COMPAT:
+            return getattr(self, COMPAT[name])
+        raise AttributeError(name)
+
+
+oldmod = sys.modules[__name__]
+newmod = _automodule(__name__)
+newmod.__dict__.update(oldmod.__dict__)
+sys.modules[__name__] = newmod
+del newmod.newmod, newmod.oldmod, newmod.sys, newmod.types
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexers/_mapping.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexers/_mapping.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c972e3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexers/_mapping.py
@@ -0,0 +1,580 @@
+"""
+    pygments.lexers._mapping
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Lexer mapping definitions. This file is generated by itself. Everytime
+    you change something on a builtin lexer definition, run this script from
+    the lexers folder to update it.
+
+    Do not alter the LEXERS dictionary by hand.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2014, 2016 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+LEXERS = {
+    'ABAPLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.business', 'ABAP', ('abap',), ('*.abap', '*.ABAP'), ('text/x-abap',)),
+    'AMDGPULexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.amdgpu', 'AMDGPU', ('amdgpu',), ('*.isa',), ()),
+    'APLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.apl', 'APL', ('apl',), ('*.apl', '*.aplf', '*.aplo', '*.apln', '*.aplc', '*.apli', '*.dyalog'), ()),
+    'AbnfLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.grammar_notation', 'ABNF', ('abnf',), ('*.abnf',), ('text/x-abnf',)),
+    'ActionScript3Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.actionscript', 'ActionScript 3', ('actionscript3', 'as3'), ('*.as',), ('application/x-actionscript3', 'text/x-actionscript3', 'text/actionscript3')),
+    'ActionScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.actionscript', 'ActionScript', ('actionscript', 'as'), ('*.as',), ('application/x-actionscript', 'text/x-actionscript', 'text/actionscript')),
+    'AdaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.pascal', 'Ada', ('ada', 'ada95', 'ada2005'), ('*.adb', '*.ads', '*.ada'), ('text/x-ada',)),
+    'AdlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.archetype', 'ADL', ('adl',), ('*.adl', '*.adls', '*.adlf', '*.adlx'), ()),
+    'AgdaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Agda', ('agda',), ('*.agda',), ('text/x-agda',)),
+    'AheuiLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.esoteric', 'Aheui', ('aheui',), ('*.aheui',), ()),
+    'AlloyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Alloy', ('alloy',), ('*.als',), ('text/x-alloy',)),
+    'AmbientTalkLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ambient', 'AmbientTalk', ('ambienttalk', 'ambienttalk/2', 'at'), ('*.at',), ('text/x-ambienttalk',)),
+    'AmplLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ampl', 'Ampl', ('ampl',), ('*.run',), ()),
+    'Angular2HtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML + Angular2', ('html+ng2',), ('*.ng2',), ()),
+    'Angular2Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Angular2', ('ng2',), (), ()),
+    'AntlrActionScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'ANTLR With ActionScript Target', ('antlr-actionscript', 'antlr-as'), ('*.G', '*.g'), ()),
+    'AntlrCSharpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'ANTLR With C# Target', ('antlr-csharp', 'antlr-c#'), ('*.G', '*.g'), ()),
+    'AntlrCppLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'ANTLR With CPP Target', ('antlr-cpp',), ('*.G', '*.g'), ()),
+    'AntlrJavaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'ANTLR With Java Target', ('antlr-java',), ('*.G', '*.g'), ()),
+    'AntlrLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'ANTLR', ('antlr',), (), ()),
+    'AntlrObjectiveCLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'ANTLR With ObjectiveC Target', ('antlr-objc',), ('*.G', '*.g'), ()),
+    'AntlrPerlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'ANTLR With Perl Target', ('antlr-perl',), ('*.G', '*.g'), ()),
+    'AntlrPythonLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'ANTLR With Python Target', ('antlr-python',), ('*.G', '*.g'), ()),
+    'AntlrRubyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'ANTLR With Ruby Target', ('antlr-ruby', 'antlr-rb'), ('*.G', '*.g'), ()),
+    'ApacheConfLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'ApacheConf', ('apacheconf', 'aconf', 'apache'), ('.htaccess', 'apache.conf', 'apache2.conf'), ('text/x-apacheconf',)),
+    'AppleScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'AppleScript', ('applescript',), ('*.applescript',), ()),
+    'ArduinoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'Arduino', ('arduino',), ('*.ino',), ('text/x-arduino',)),
+    'ArrowLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.arrow', 'Arrow', ('arrow',), ('*.arw',), ()),
+    'AscLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asc', 'ASCII armored', ('asc', 'pem'), ('*.asc', '*.pem', 'id_dsa', 'id_ecdsa', 'id_ecdsa_sk', 'id_ed25519', 'id_ed25519_sk', 'id_rsa'), ('application/pgp-keys', 'application/pgp-encrypted', 'application/pgp-signature')),
+    'AspectJLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'AspectJ', ('aspectj',), ('*.aj',), ('text/x-aspectj',)),
+    'AsymptoteLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.graphics', 'Asymptote', ('asymptote', 'asy'), ('*.asy',), ('text/x-asymptote',)),
+    'AugeasLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Augeas', ('augeas',), ('*.aug',), ()),
+    'AutoItLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.automation', 'AutoIt', ('autoit',), ('*.au3',), ('text/x-autoit',)),
+    'AutohotkeyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.automation', 'autohotkey', ('autohotkey', 'ahk'), ('*.ahk', '*.ahkl'), ('text/x-autohotkey',)),
+    'AwkLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.textedit', 'Awk', ('awk', 'gawk', 'mawk', 'nawk'), ('*.awk',), ('application/x-awk',)),
+    'BBCBasicLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.basic', 'BBC Basic', ('bbcbasic',), ('*.bbc',), ()),
+    'BBCodeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'BBCode', ('bbcode',), (), ('text/x-bbcode',)),
+    'BCLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.algebra', 'BC', ('bc',), ('*.bc',), ()),
+    'BSTLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.bibtex', 'BST', ('bst', 'bst-pybtex'), ('*.bst',), ()),
+    'BareLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.bare', 'BARE', ('bare',), ('*.bare',), ()),
+    'BaseMakefileLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.make', 'Base Makefile', ('basemake',), (), ()),
+    'BashLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'Bash', ('bash', 'sh', 'ksh', 'zsh', 'shell'), ('*.sh', '*.ksh', '*.bash', '*.ebuild', '*.eclass', '*.exheres-0', '*.exlib', '*.zsh', '.bashrc', 'bashrc', '.bash_*', 'bash_*', 'zshrc', '.zshrc', '.kshrc', 'kshrc', 'PKGBUILD'), ('application/x-sh', 'application/x-shellscript', 'text/x-shellscript')),
+    'BashSessionLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'Bash Session', ('console', 'shell-session'), ('*.sh-session', '*.shell-session'), ('application/x-shell-session', 'application/x-sh-session')),
+    'BatchLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'Batchfile', ('batch', 'bat', 'dosbatch', 'winbatch'), ('*.bat', '*.cmd'), ('application/x-dos-batch',)),
+    'BddLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.bdd', 'Bdd', ('bdd',), ('*.feature',), ('text/x-bdd',)),
+    'BefungeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.esoteric', 'Befunge', ('befunge',), ('*.befunge',), ('application/x-befunge',)),
+    'BibTeXLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.bibtex', 'BibTeX', ('bibtex', 'bib'), ('*.bib',), ('text/x-bibtex',)),
+    'BlitzBasicLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.basic', 'BlitzBasic', ('blitzbasic', 'b3d', 'bplus'), ('*.bb', '*.decls'), ('text/x-bb',)),
+    'BlitzMaxLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.basic', 'BlitzMax', ('blitzmax', 'bmax'), ('*.bmx',), ('text/x-bmx',)),
+    'BnfLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.grammar_notation', 'BNF', ('bnf',), ('*.bnf',), ('text/x-bnf',)),
+    'BoaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.boa', 'Boa', ('boa',), ('*.boa',), ()),
+    'BooLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dotnet', 'Boo', ('boo',), ('*.boo',), ('text/x-boo',)),
+    'BoogieLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.verification', 'Boogie', ('boogie',), ('*.bpl',), ()),
+    'BrainfuckLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.esoteric', 'Brainfuck', ('brainfuck', 'bf'), ('*.bf', '*.b'), ('application/x-brainfuck',)),
+    'BugsLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.modeling', 'BUGS', ('bugs', 'winbugs', 'openbugs'), ('*.bug',), ()),
+    'CAmkESLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.esoteric', 'CAmkES', ('camkes', 'idl4'), ('*.camkes', '*.idl4'), ()),
+    'CLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_cpp', 'C', ('c',), ('*.c', '*.h', '*.idc', '*.x[bp]m'), ('text/x-chdr', 'text/x-csrc', 'image/x-xbitmap', 'image/x-xpixmap')),
+    'CMakeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.make', 'CMake', ('cmake',), ('*.cmake', 'CMakeLists.txt'), ('text/x-cmake',)),
+    'CObjdumpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'c-objdump', ('c-objdump',), ('*.c-objdump',), ('text/x-c-objdump',)),
+    'CPSALexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'CPSA', ('cpsa',), ('*.cpsa',), ()),
+    'CSharpAspxLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dotnet', 'aspx-cs', ('aspx-cs',), ('*.aspx', '*.asax', '*.ascx', '*.ashx', '*.asmx', '*.axd'), ()),
+    'CSharpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dotnet', 'C#', ('csharp', 'c#', 'cs'), ('*.cs',), ('text/x-csharp',)),
+    'Ca65Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'ca65 assembler', ('ca65',), ('*.s',), ()),
+    'CadlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.archetype', 'cADL', ('cadl',), ('*.cadl',), ()),
+    'CapDLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.esoteric', 'CapDL', ('capdl',), ('*.cdl',), ()),
+    'CapnProtoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.capnproto', "Cap'n Proto", ('capnp',), ('*.capnp',), ()),
+    'CbmBasicV2Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.basic', 'CBM BASIC V2', ('cbmbas',), ('*.bas',), ()),
+    'CddlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.cddl', 'CDDL', ('cddl',), ('*.cddl',), ('text/x-cddl',)),
+    'CeylonLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Ceylon', ('ceylon',), ('*.ceylon',), ('text/x-ceylon',)),
+    'Cfengine3Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'CFEngine3', ('cfengine3', 'cf3'), ('*.cf',), ()),
+    'ChaiscriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'ChaiScript', ('chaiscript', 'chai'), ('*.chai',), ('text/x-chaiscript', 'application/x-chaiscript')),
+    'ChapelLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.chapel', 'Chapel', ('chapel', 'chpl'), ('*.chpl',), ()),
+    'CharmciLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'Charmci', ('charmci',), ('*.ci',), ()),
+    'CheetahHtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Cheetah', ('html+cheetah', 'html+spitfire', 'htmlcheetah'), (), ('text/html+cheetah', 'text/html+spitfire')),
+    'CheetahJavascriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'JavaScript+Cheetah', ('javascript+cheetah', 'js+cheetah', 'javascript+spitfire', 'js+spitfire'), (), ('application/x-javascript+cheetah', 'text/x-javascript+cheetah', 'text/javascript+cheetah', 'application/x-javascript+spitfire', 'text/x-javascript+spitfire', 'text/javascript+spitfire')),
+    'CheetahLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Cheetah', ('cheetah', 'spitfire'), ('*.tmpl', '*.spt'), ('application/x-cheetah', 'application/x-spitfire')),
+    'CheetahXmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+Cheetah', ('xml+cheetah', 'xml+spitfire'), (), ('application/xml+cheetah', 'application/xml+spitfire')),
+    'CirruLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.webmisc', 'Cirru', ('cirru',), ('*.cirru',), ('text/x-cirru',)),
+    'ClayLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'Clay', ('clay',), ('*.clay',), ('text/x-clay',)),
+    'CleanLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.clean', 'Clean', ('clean',), ('*.icl', '*.dcl'), ()),
+    'ClojureLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Clojure', ('clojure', 'clj'), ('*.clj',), ('text/x-clojure', 'application/x-clojure')),
+    'ClojureScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'ClojureScript', ('clojurescript', 'cljs'), ('*.cljs',), ('text/x-clojurescript', 'application/x-clojurescript')),
+    'CobolFreeformatLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.business', 'COBOLFree', ('cobolfree',), ('*.cbl', '*.CBL'), ()),
+    'CobolLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.business', 'COBOL', ('cobol',), ('*.cob', '*.COB', '*.cpy', '*.CPY'), ('text/x-cobol',)),
+    'CoffeeScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'CoffeeScript', ('coffeescript', 'coffee-script', 'coffee'), ('*.coffee',), ('text/coffeescript',)),
+    'ColdfusionCFCLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Coldfusion CFC', ('cfc',), ('*.cfc',), ()),
+    'ColdfusionHtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Coldfusion HTML', ('cfm',), ('*.cfm', '*.cfml'), ('application/x-coldfusion',)),
+    'ColdfusionLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'cfstatement', ('cfs',), (), ()),
+    'CommonLispLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'Common Lisp', ('common-lisp', 'cl', 'lisp'), ('*.cl', '*.lisp'), ('text/x-common-lisp',)),
+    'ComponentPascalLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.oberon', 'Component Pascal', ('componentpascal', 'cp'), ('*.cp', '*.cps'), ('text/x-component-pascal',)),
+    'CoqLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.theorem', 'Coq', ('coq',), ('*.v',), ('text/x-coq',)),
+    'CppLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_cpp', 'C++', ('cpp', 'c++'), ('*.cpp', '*.hpp', '*.c++', '*.h++', '*.cc', '*.hh', '*.cxx', '*.hxx', '*.C', '*.H', '*.cp', '*.CPP'), ('text/x-c++hdr', 'text/x-c++src')),
+    'CppObjdumpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'cpp-objdump', ('cpp-objdump', 'c++-objdumb', 'cxx-objdump'), ('*.cpp-objdump', '*.c++-objdump', '*.cxx-objdump'), ('text/x-cpp-objdump',)),
+    'CrmshLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Crmsh', ('crmsh', 'pcmk'), ('*.crmsh', '*.pcmk'), ()),
+    'CrocLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.d', 'Croc', ('croc',), ('*.croc',), ('text/x-crocsrc',)),
+    'CryptolLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Cryptol', ('cryptol', 'cry'), ('*.cry',), ('text/x-cryptol',)),
+    'CrystalLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.crystal', 'Crystal', ('cr', 'crystal'), ('*.cr',), ('text/x-crystal',)),
+    'CsoundDocumentLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.csound', 'Csound Document', ('csound-document', 'csound-csd'), ('*.csd',), ()),
+    'CsoundOrchestraLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.csound', 'Csound Orchestra', ('csound', 'csound-orc'), ('*.orc', '*.udo'), ()),
+    'CsoundScoreLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.csound', 'Csound Score', ('csound-score', 'csound-sco'), ('*.sco',), ()),
+    'CssDjangoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'CSS+Django/Jinja', ('css+django', 'css+jinja'), (), ('text/css+django', 'text/css+jinja')),
+    'CssErbLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'CSS+Ruby', ('css+ruby', 'css+erb'), (), ('text/css+ruby',)),
+    'CssGenshiLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'CSS+Genshi Text', ('css+genshitext', 'css+genshi'), (), ('text/css+genshi',)),
+    'CssLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.css', 'CSS', ('css',), ('*.css',), ('text/css',)),
+    'CssPhpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'CSS+PHP', ('css+php',), (), ('text/css+php',)),
+    'CssSmartyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'CSS+Smarty', ('css+smarty',), (), ('text/css+smarty',)),
+    'CudaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'CUDA', ('cuda', 'cu'), ('*.cu', '*.cuh'), ('text/x-cuda',)),
+    'CypherLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.graph', 'Cypher', ('cypher',), ('*.cyp', '*.cypher'), ()),
+    'CythonLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.python', 'Cython', ('cython', 'pyx', 'pyrex'), ('*.pyx', '*.pxd', '*.pxi'), ('text/x-cython', 'application/x-cython')),
+    'DLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.d', 'D', ('d',), ('*.d', '*.di'), ('text/x-dsrc',)),
+    'DObjdumpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'd-objdump', ('d-objdump',), ('*.d-objdump',), ('text/x-d-objdump',)),
+    'DarcsPatchLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.diff', 'Darcs Patch', ('dpatch',), ('*.dpatch', '*.darcspatch'), ()),
+    'DartLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'Dart', ('dart',), ('*.dart',), ('text/x-dart',)),
+    'Dasm16Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'DASM16', ('dasm16',), ('*.dasm16', '*.dasm'), ('text/x-dasm16',)),
+    'DebianControlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.installers', 'Debian Control file', ('debcontrol', 'control'), ('control',), ()),
+    'DelphiLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.pascal', 'Delphi', ('delphi', 'pas', 'pascal', 'objectpascal'), ('*.pas', '*.dpr'), ('text/x-pascal',)),
+    'DevicetreeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.devicetree', 'Devicetree', ('devicetree', 'dts'), ('*.dts', '*.dtsi'), ('text/x-c',)),
+    'DgLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.python', 'dg', ('dg',), ('*.dg',), ('text/x-dg',)),
+    'DiffLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.diff', 'Diff', ('diff', 'udiff'), ('*.diff', '*.patch'), ('text/x-diff', 'text/x-patch')),
+    'DjangoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Django/Jinja', ('django', 'jinja'), (), ('application/x-django-templating', 'application/x-jinja')),
+    'DockerLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Docker', ('docker', 'dockerfile'), ('Dockerfile', '*.docker'), ('text/x-dockerfile-config',)),
+    'DtdLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.html', 'DTD', ('dtd',), ('*.dtd',), ('application/xml-dtd',)),
+    'DuelLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.webmisc', 'Duel', ('duel', 'jbst', 'jsonml+bst'), ('*.duel', '*.jbst'), ('text/x-duel', 'text/x-jbst')),
+    'DylanConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dylan', 'Dylan session', ('dylan-console', 'dylan-repl'), ('*.dylan-console',), ('text/x-dylan-console',)),
+    'DylanLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dylan', 'Dylan', ('dylan',), ('*.dylan', '*.dyl', '*.intr'), ('text/x-dylan',)),
+    'DylanLidLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dylan', 'DylanLID', ('dylan-lid', 'lid'), ('*.lid', '*.hdp'), ('text/x-dylan-lid',)),
+    'ECLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ecl', 'ECL', ('ecl',), ('*.ecl',), ('application/x-ecl',)),
+    'ECLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'eC', ('ec',), ('*.ec', '*.eh'), ('text/x-echdr', 'text/x-ecsrc')),
+    'EarlGreyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'Earl Grey', ('earl-grey', 'earlgrey', 'eg'), ('*.eg',), ('text/x-earl-grey',)),
+    'EasytrieveLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'Easytrieve', ('easytrieve',), ('*.ezt', '*.mac'), ('text/x-easytrieve',)),
+    'EbnfLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'EBNF', ('ebnf',), ('*.ebnf',), ('text/x-ebnf',)),
+    'EiffelLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.eiffel', 'Eiffel', ('eiffel',), ('*.e',), ('text/x-eiffel',)),
+    'ElixirConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.erlang', 'Elixir iex session', ('iex',), (), ('text/x-elixir-shellsession',)),
+    'ElixirLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.erlang', 'Elixir', ('elixir', 'ex', 'exs'), ('*.ex', '*.eex', '*.exs', '*.leex'), ('text/x-elixir',)),
+    'ElmLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.elm', 'Elm', ('elm',), ('*.elm',), ('text/x-elm',)),
+    'ElpiLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.elpi', 'Elpi', ('elpi',), ('*.elpi',), ('text/x-elpi',)),
+    'EmacsLispLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'EmacsLisp', ('emacs-lisp', 'elisp', 'emacs'), ('*.el',), ('text/x-elisp', 'application/x-elisp')),
+    'EmailLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.email', 'E-mail', ('email', 'eml'), ('*.eml',), ('message/rfc822',)),
+    'ErbLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'ERB', ('erb',), (), ('application/x-ruby-templating',)),
+    'ErlangLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.erlang', 'Erlang', ('erlang',), ('*.erl', '*.hrl', '*.es', '*.escript'), ('text/x-erlang',)),
+    'ErlangShellLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.erlang', 'Erlang erl session', ('erl',), ('*.erl-sh',), ('text/x-erl-shellsession',)),
+    'EvoqueHtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Evoque', ('html+evoque',), ('*.html',), ('text/html+evoque',)),
+    'EvoqueLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Evoque', ('evoque',), ('*.evoque',), ('application/x-evoque',)),
+    'EvoqueXmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+Evoque', ('xml+evoque',), ('*.xml',), ('application/xml+evoque',)),
+    'ExeclineLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'execline', ('execline',), ('*.exec',), ()),
+    'EzhilLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ezhil', 'Ezhil', ('ezhil',), ('*.n',), ('text/x-ezhil',)),
+    'FSharpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dotnet', 'F#', ('fsharp', 'f#'), ('*.fs', '*.fsi'), ('text/x-fsharp',)),
+    'FStarLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ml', 'FStar', ('fstar',), ('*.fst', '*.fsti'), ('text/x-fstar',)),
+    'FactorLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.factor', 'Factor', ('factor',), ('*.factor',), ('text/x-factor',)),
+    'FancyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ruby', 'Fancy', ('fancy', 'fy'), ('*.fy', '*.fancypack'), ('text/x-fancysrc',)),
+    'FantomLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.fantom', 'Fantom', ('fan',), ('*.fan',), ('application/x-fantom',)),
+    'FelixLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.felix', 'Felix', ('felix', 'flx'), ('*.flx', '*.flxh'), ('text/x-felix',)),
+    'FennelLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'Fennel', ('fennel', 'fnl'), ('*.fnl',), ()),
+    'FishShellLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'Fish', ('fish', 'fishshell'), ('*.fish', '*.load'), ('application/x-fish',)),
+    'FlatlineLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Flatline', ('flatline',), (), ('text/x-flatline',)),
+    'FloScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.floscript', 'FloScript', ('floscript', 'flo'), ('*.flo',), ()),
+    'ForthLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.forth', 'Forth', ('forth',), ('*.frt', '*.fs'), ('application/x-forth',)),
+    'FortranFixedLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.fortran', 'FortranFixed', ('fortranfixed',), ('*.f', '*.F'), ()),
+    'FortranLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.fortran', 'Fortran', ('fortran', 'f90'), ('*.f03', '*.f90', '*.F03', '*.F90'), ('text/x-fortran',)),
+    'FoxProLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.foxpro', 'FoxPro', ('foxpro', 'vfp', 'clipper', 'xbase'), ('*.PRG', '*.prg'), ()),
+    'FreeFemLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.freefem', 'Freefem', ('freefem',), ('*.edp',), ('text/x-freefem',)),
+    'FutharkLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.futhark', 'Futhark', ('futhark',), ('*.fut',), ('text/x-futhark',)),
+    'GAPLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.algebra', 'GAP', ('gap',), ('*.g', '*.gd', '*.gi', '*.gap'), ()),
+    'GDScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.gdscript', 'GDScript', ('gdscript', 'gd'), ('*.gd',), ('text/x-gdscript', 'application/x-gdscript')),
+    'GLShaderLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.graphics', 'GLSL', ('glsl',), ('*.vert', '*.frag', '*.geo'), ('text/x-glslsrc',)),
+    'GSQLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.gsql', 'GSQL', ('gsql',), ('*.gsql',), ()),
+    'GasLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'GAS', ('gas', 'asm'), ('*.s', '*.S'), ('text/x-gas',)),
+    'GcodeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.gcodelexer', 'g-code', ('gcode',), ('*.gcode',), ()),
+    'GenshiLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Genshi', ('genshi', 'kid', 'xml+genshi', 'xml+kid'), ('*.kid',), ('application/x-genshi', 'application/x-kid')),
+    'GenshiTextLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Genshi Text', ('genshitext',), (), ('application/x-genshi-text', 'text/x-genshi')),
+    'GettextLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.textfmts', 'Gettext Catalog', ('pot', 'po'), ('*.pot', '*.po'), ('application/x-gettext', 'text/x-gettext', 'text/gettext')),
+    'GherkinLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.testing', 'Gherkin', ('gherkin', 'cucumber'), ('*.feature',), ('text/x-gherkin',)),
+    'GnuplotLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.graphics', 'Gnuplot', ('gnuplot',), ('*.plot', '*.plt'), ('text/x-gnuplot',)),
+    'GoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.go', 'Go', ('go', 'golang'), ('*.go',), ('text/x-gosrc',)),
+    'GoloLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Golo', ('golo',), ('*.golo',), ()),
+    'GoodDataCLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.business', 'GoodData-CL', ('gooddata-cl',), ('*.gdc',), ('text/x-gooddata-cl',)),
+    'GosuLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Gosu', ('gosu',), ('*.gs', '*.gsx', '*.gsp', '*.vark'), ('text/x-gosu',)),
+    'GosuTemplateLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Gosu Template', ('gst',), ('*.gst',), ('text/x-gosu-template',)),
+    'GraphvizLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.graphviz', 'Graphviz', ('graphviz', 'dot'), ('*.gv', '*.dot'), ('text/x-graphviz', 'text/vnd.graphviz')),
+    'GroffLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'Groff', ('groff', 'nroff', 'man'), ('*.[1-9]', '*.man', '*.1p', '*.3pm'), ('application/x-troff', 'text/troff')),
+    'GroovyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Groovy', ('groovy',), ('*.groovy', '*.gradle'), ('text/x-groovy',)),
+    'HLSLShaderLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.graphics', 'HLSL', ('hlsl',), ('*.hlsl', '*.hlsli'), ('text/x-hlsl',)),
+    'HamlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.html', 'Haml', ('haml',), ('*.haml',), ('text/x-haml',)),
+    'HandlebarsHtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Handlebars', ('html+handlebars',), ('*.handlebars', '*.hbs'), ('text/html+handlebars', 'text/x-handlebars-template')),
+    'HandlebarsLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Handlebars', ('handlebars',), (), ()),
+    'HaskellLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Haskell', ('haskell', 'hs'), ('*.hs',), ('text/x-haskell',)),
+    'HaxeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haxe', 'Haxe', ('haxe', 'hxsl', 'hx'), ('*.hx', '*.hxsl'), ('text/haxe', 'text/x-haxe', 'text/x-hx')),
+    'HexdumpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.hexdump', 'Hexdump', ('hexdump',), (), ()),
+    'HsailLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'HSAIL', ('hsail', 'hsa'), ('*.hsail',), ('text/x-hsail',)),
+    'HspecLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Hspec', ('hspec',), (), ()),
+    'HtmlDjangoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Django/Jinja', ('html+django', 'html+jinja', 'htmldjango'), (), ('text/html+django', 'text/html+jinja')),
+    'HtmlGenshiLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Genshi', ('html+genshi', 'html+kid'), (), ('text/html+genshi',)),
+    'HtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.html', 'HTML', ('html',), ('*.html', '*.htm', '*.xhtml', '*.xslt'), ('text/html', 'application/xhtml+xml')),
+    'HtmlPhpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+PHP', ('html+php',), ('*.phtml',), ('application/x-php', 'application/x-httpd-php', 'application/x-httpd-php3', 'application/x-httpd-php4', 'application/x-httpd-php5')),
+    'HtmlSmartyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Smarty', ('html+smarty',), (), ('text/html+smarty',)),
+    'HttpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.textfmts', 'HTTP', ('http',), (), ()),
+    'HxmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haxe', 'Hxml', ('haxeml', 'hxml'), ('*.hxml',), ()),
+    'HyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'Hy', ('hylang',), ('*.hy',), ('text/x-hy', 'application/x-hy')),
+    'HybrisLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'Hybris', ('hybris', 'hy'), ('*.hy', '*.hyb'), ('text/x-hybris', 'application/x-hybris')),
+    'IDLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.idl', 'IDL', ('idl',), ('*.pro',), ('text/idl',)),
+    'IconLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.unicon', 'Icon', ('icon',), ('*.icon', '*.ICON'), ()),
+    'IdrisLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Idris', ('idris', 'idr'), ('*.idr',), ('text/x-idris',)),
+    'IgorLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.igor', 'Igor', ('igor', 'igorpro'), ('*.ipf',), ('text/ipf',)),
+    'Inform6Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.int_fiction', 'Inform 6', ('inform6', 'i6'), ('*.inf',), ()),
+    'Inform6TemplateLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.int_fiction', 'Inform 6 template', ('i6t',), ('*.i6t',), ()),
+    'Inform7Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.int_fiction', 'Inform 7', ('inform7', 'i7'), ('*.ni', '*.i7x'), ()),
+    'IniLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'INI', ('ini', 'cfg', 'dosini'), ('*.ini', '*.cfg', '*.inf', '.editorconfig', '*.service', '*.socket', '*.device', '*.mount', '*.automount', '*.swap', '*.target', '*.path', '*.timer', '*.slice', '*.scope'), ('text/x-ini', 'text/inf')),
+    'IoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.iolang', 'Io', ('io',), ('*.io',), ('text/x-iosrc',)),
+    'IokeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Ioke', ('ioke', 'ik'), ('*.ik',), ('text/x-iokesrc',)),
+    'IrcLogsLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.textfmts', 'IRC logs', ('irc',), ('*.weechatlog',), ('text/x-irclog',)),
+    'IsabelleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.theorem', 'Isabelle', ('isabelle',), ('*.thy',), ('text/x-isabelle',)),
+    'JLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.j', 'J', ('j',), ('*.ijs',), ('text/x-j',)),
+    'JSLTLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jslt', 'JSLT', ('jslt',), ('*.jslt',), ('text/x-jslt',)),
+    'JagsLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.modeling', 'JAGS', ('jags',), ('*.jag', '*.bug'), ()),
+    'JasminLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Jasmin', ('jasmin', 'jasminxt'), ('*.j',), ()),
+    'JavaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Java', ('java',), ('*.java',), ('text/x-java',)),
+    'JavascriptDjangoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'JavaScript+Django/Jinja', ('javascript+django', 'js+django', 'javascript+jinja', 'js+jinja'), (), ('application/x-javascript+django', 'application/x-javascript+jinja', 'text/x-javascript+django', 'text/x-javascript+jinja', 'text/javascript+django', 'text/javascript+jinja')),
+    'JavascriptErbLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'JavaScript+Ruby', ('javascript+ruby', 'js+ruby', 'javascript+erb', 'js+erb'), (), ('application/x-javascript+ruby', 'text/x-javascript+ruby', 'text/javascript+ruby')),
+    'JavascriptGenshiLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'JavaScript+Genshi Text', ('js+genshitext', 'js+genshi', 'javascript+genshitext', 'javascript+genshi'), (), ('application/x-javascript+genshi', 'text/x-javascript+genshi', 'text/javascript+genshi')),
+    'JavascriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'JavaScript', ('javascript', 'js'), ('*.js', '*.jsm', '*.mjs', '*.cjs'), ('application/javascript', 'application/x-javascript', 'text/x-javascript', 'text/javascript')),
+    'JavascriptPhpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'JavaScript+PHP', ('javascript+php', 'js+php'), (), ('application/x-javascript+php', 'text/x-javascript+php', 'text/javascript+php')),
+    'JavascriptSmartyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'JavaScript+Smarty', ('javascript+smarty', 'js+smarty'), (), ('application/x-javascript+smarty', 'text/x-javascript+smarty', 'text/javascript+smarty')),
+    'JclLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'JCL', ('jcl',), ('*.jcl',), ('text/x-jcl',)),
+    'JsgfLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.grammar_notation', 'JSGF', ('jsgf',), ('*.jsgf',), ('application/jsgf', 'application/x-jsgf', 'text/jsgf')),
+    'JsonBareObjectLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.data', 'JSONBareObject', (), (), ()),
+    'JsonLdLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.data', 'JSON-LD', ('jsonld', 'json-ld'), ('*.jsonld',), ('application/ld+json',)),
+    'JsonLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.data', 'JSON', ('json', 'json-object'), ('*.json', 'Pipfile.lock'), ('application/json', 'application/json-object')),
+    'JspLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Java Server Page', ('jsp',), ('*.jsp',), ('application/x-jsp',)),
+    'JuliaConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.julia', 'Julia console', ('jlcon', 'julia-repl'), (), ()),
+    'JuliaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.julia', 'Julia', ('julia', 'jl'), ('*.jl',), ('text/x-julia', 'application/x-julia')),
+    'JuttleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'Juttle', ('juttle',), ('*.juttle',), ('application/juttle', 'application/x-juttle', 'text/x-juttle', 'text/juttle')),
+    'KalLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'Kal', ('kal',), ('*.kal',), ('text/kal', 'application/kal')),
+    'KconfigLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Kconfig', ('kconfig', 'menuconfig', 'linux-config', 'kernel-config'), ('Kconfig*', '*Config.in*', 'external.in*', 'standard-modules.in'), ('text/x-kconfig',)),
+    'KernelLogLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.textfmts', 'Kernel log', ('kmsg', 'dmesg'), ('*.kmsg', '*.dmesg'), ()),
+    'KokaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Koka', ('koka',), ('*.kk', '*.kki'), ('text/x-koka',)),
+    'KotlinLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Kotlin', ('kotlin',), ('*.kt', '*.kts'), ('text/x-kotlin',)),
+    'KuinLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.kuin', 'Kuin', ('kuin',), ('*.kn',), ()),
+    'LSLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'LSL', ('lsl',), ('*.lsl',), ('text/x-lsl',)),
+    'LassoCssLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'CSS+Lasso', ('css+lasso',), (), ('text/css+lasso',)),
+    'LassoHtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Lasso', ('html+lasso',), (), ('text/html+lasso', 'application/x-httpd-lasso', 'application/x-httpd-lasso[89]')),
+    'LassoJavascriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'JavaScript+Lasso', ('javascript+lasso', 'js+lasso'), (), ('application/x-javascript+lasso', 'text/x-javascript+lasso', 'text/javascript+lasso')),
+    'LassoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'Lasso', ('lasso', 'lassoscript'), ('*.lasso', '*.lasso[89]'), ('text/x-lasso',)),
+    'LassoXmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+Lasso', ('xml+lasso',), (), ('application/xml+lasso',)),
+    'LeanLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.theorem', 'Lean', ('lean',), ('*.lean',), ('text/x-lean',)),
+    'LessCssLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.css', 'LessCss', ('less',), ('*.less',), ('text/x-less-css',)),
+    'LighttpdConfLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Lighttpd configuration file', ('lighttpd', 'lighty'), ('lighttpd.conf',), ('text/x-lighttpd-conf',)),
+    'LilyPondLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lilypond', 'LilyPond', ('lilypond',), ('*.ly',), ()),
+    'LimboLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.inferno', 'Limbo', ('limbo',), ('*.b',), ('text/limbo',)),
+    'LiquidLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'liquid', ('liquid',), ('*.liquid',), ()),
+    'LiterateAgdaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Literate Agda', ('literate-agda', 'lagda'), ('*.lagda',), ('text/x-literate-agda',)),
+    'LiterateCryptolLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Literate Cryptol', ('literate-cryptol', 'lcryptol', 'lcry'), ('*.lcry',), ('text/x-literate-cryptol',)),
+    'LiterateHaskellLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Literate Haskell', ('literate-haskell', 'lhaskell', 'lhs'), ('*.lhs',), ('text/x-literate-haskell',)),
+    'LiterateIdrisLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.haskell', 'Literate Idris', ('literate-idris', 'lidris', 'lidr'), ('*.lidr',), ('text/x-literate-idris',)),
+    'LiveScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'LiveScript', ('livescript', 'live-script'), ('*.ls',), ('text/livescript',)),
+    'LlvmLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'LLVM', ('llvm',), ('*.ll',), ('text/x-llvm',)),
+    'LlvmMirBodyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'LLVM-MIR Body', ('llvm-mir-body',), (), ()),
+    'LlvmMirLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'LLVM-MIR', ('llvm-mir',), ('*.mir',), ()),
+    'LogosLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.objective', 'Logos', ('logos',), ('*.x', '*.xi', '*.xm', '*.xmi'), ('text/x-logos',)),
+    'LogtalkLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.prolog', 'Logtalk', ('logtalk',), ('*.lgt', '*.logtalk'), ('text/x-logtalk',)),
+    'LuaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'Lua', ('lua',), ('*.lua', '*.wlua'), ('text/x-lua', 'application/x-lua')),
+    'MIMELexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.mime', 'MIME', ('mime',), (), ('multipart/mixed', 'multipart/related', 'multipart/alternative')),
+    'MOOCodeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'MOOCode', ('moocode', 'moo'), ('*.moo',), ('text/x-moocode',)),
+    'MSDOSSessionLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'MSDOS Session', ('doscon',), (), ()),
+    'MakefileLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.make', 'Makefile', ('make', 'makefile', 'mf', 'bsdmake'), ('*.mak', '*.mk', 'Makefile', 'makefile', 'Makefile.*', 'GNUmakefile'), ('text/x-makefile',)),
+    'MakoCssLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'CSS+Mako', ('css+mako',), (), ('text/css+mako',)),
+    'MakoHtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Mako', ('html+mako',), (), ('text/html+mako',)),
+    'MakoJavascriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'JavaScript+Mako', ('javascript+mako', 'js+mako'), (), ('application/x-javascript+mako', 'text/x-javascript+mako', 'text/javascript+mako')),
+    'MakoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Mako', ('mako',), ('*.mao',), ('application/x-mako',)),
+    'MakoXmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+Mako', ('xml+mako',), (), ('application/xml+mako',)),
+    'MaqlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.business', 'MAQL', ('maql',), ('*.maql',), ('text/x-gooddata-maql', 'application/x-gooddata-maql')),
+    'MarkdownLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'Markdown', ('markdown', 'md'), ('*.md', '*.markdown'), ('text/x-markdown',)),
+    'MaskLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'Mask', ('mask',), ('*.mask',), ('text/x-mask',)),
+    'MasonLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Mason', ('mason',), ('*.m', '*.mhtml', '*.mc', '*.mi', 'autohandler', 'dhandler'), ('application/x-mason',)),
+    'MathematicaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.algebra', 'Mathematica', ('mathematica', 'mma', 'nb'), ('*.nb', '*.cdf', '*.nbp', '*.ma'), ('application/mathematica', 'application/vnd.wolfram.mathematica', 'application/vnd.wolfram.mathematica.package', 'application/vnd.wolfram.cdf')),
+    'MatlabLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.matlab', 'Matlab', ('matlab',), ('*.m',), ('text/matlab',)),
+    'MatlabSessionLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.matlab', 'Matlab session', ('matlabsession',), (), ()),
+    'MaximaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.maxima', 'Maxima', ('maxima', 'macsyma'), ('*.mac', '*.max'), ()),
+    'MesonLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.meson', 'Meson', ('meson', 'meson.build'), ('meson.build', 'meson_options.txt'), ('text/x-meson',)),
+    'MiniDLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.d', 'MiniD', ('minid',), (), ('text/x-minidsrc',)),
+    'MiniScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'MiniScript', ('miniscript', 'ms'), ('*.ms',), ('text/x-minicript', 'application/x-miniscript')),
+    'ModelicaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.modeling', 'Modelica', ('modelica',), ('*.mo',), ('text/x-modelica',)),
+    'Modula2Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.modula2', 'Modula-2', ('modula2', 'm2'), ('*.def', '*.mod'), ('text/x-modula2',)),
+    'MoinWikiLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'MoinMoin/Trac Wiki markup', ('trac-wiki', 'moin'), (), ('text/x-trac-wiki',)),
+    'MonkeyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.basic', 'Monkey', ('monkey',), ('*.monkey',), ('text/x-monkey',)),
+    'MonteLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.monte', 'Monte', ('monte',), ('*.mt',), ()),
+    'MoonScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'MoonScript', ('moonscript', 'moon'), ('*.moon',), ('text/x-moonscript', 'application/x-moonscript')),
+    'MoselLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.mosel', 'Mosel', ('mosel',), ('*.mos',), ()),
+    'MozPreprocCssLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'CSS+mozpreproc', ('css+mozpreproc',), ('*.css.in',), ()),
+    'MozPreprocHashLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'mozhashpreproc', ('mozhashpreproc',), (), ()),
+    'MozPreprocJavascriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'Javascript+mozpreproc', ('javascript+mozpreproc',), ('*.js.in',), ()),
+    'MozPreprocPercentLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'mozpercentpreproc', ('mozpercentpreproc',), (), ()),
+    'MozPreprocXulLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'XUL+mozpreproc', ('xul+mozpreproc',), ('*.xul.in',), ()),
+    'MqlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'MQL', ('mql', 'mq4', 'mq5', 'mql4', 'mql5'), ('*.mq4', '*.mq5', '*.mqh'), ('text/x-mql',)),
+    'MscgenLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Mscgen', ('mscgen', 'msc'), ('*.msc',), ()),
+    'MuPADLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.algebra', 'MuPAD', ('mupad',), ('*.mu',), ()),
+    'MxmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.actionscript', 'MXML', ('mxml',), ('*.mxml',), ()),
+    'MySqlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sql', 'MySQL', ('mysql',), (), ('text/x-mysql',)),
+    'MyghtyCssLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'CSS+Myghty', ('css+myghty',), (), ('text/css+myghty',)),
+    'MyghtyHtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Myghty', ('html+myghty',), (), ('text/html+myghty',)),
+    'MyghtyJavascriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'JavaScript+Myghty', ('javascript+myghty', 'js+myghty'), (), ('application/x-javascript+myghty', 'text/x-javascript+myghty', 'text/javascript+mygthy')),
+    'MyghtyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Myghty', ('myghty',), ('*.myt', 'autodelegate'), ('application/x-myghty',)),
+    'MyghtyXmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+Myghty', ('xml+myghty',), (), ('application/xml+myghty',)),
+    'NCLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ncl', 'NCL', ('ncl',), ('*.ncl',), ('text/ncl',)),
+    'NSISLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.installers', 'NSIS', ('nsis', 'nsi', 'nsh'), ('*.nsi', '*.nsh'), ('text/x-nsis',)),
+    'NasmLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'NASM', ('nasm',), ('*.asm', '*.ASM'), ('text/x-nasm',)),
+    'NasmObjdumpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'objdump-nasm', ('objdump-nasm',), ('*.objdump-intel',), ('text/x-nasm-objdump',)),
+    'NemerleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dotnet', 'Nemerle', ('nemerle',), ('*.n',), ('text/x-nemerle',)),
+    'NesCLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'nesC', ('nesc',), ('*.nc',), ('text/x-nescsrc',)),
+    'NestedTextLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'NestedText', ('nestedtext', 'nt'), ('*.nt',), ()),
+    'NewLispLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'NewLisp', ('newlisp',), ('*.lsp', '*.nl', '*.kif'), ('text/x-newlisp', 'application/x-newlisp')),
+    'NewspeakLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.smalltalk', 'Newspeak', ('newspeak',), ('*.ns2',), ('text/x-newspeak',)),
+    'NginxConfLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Nginx configuration file', ('nginx',), ('nginx.conf',), ('text/x-nginx-conf',)),
+    'NimrodLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.nimrod', 'Nimrod', ('nimrod', 'nim'), ('*.nim', '*.nimrod'), ('text/x-nim',)),
+    'NitLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.nit', 'Nit', ('nit',), ('*.nit',), ()),
+    'NixLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.nix', 'Nix', ('nixos', 'nix'), ('*.nix',), ('text/x-nix',)),
+    'NodeConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'Node.js REPL console session', ('nodejsrepl',), (), ('text/x-nodejsrepl',)),
+    'NotmuchLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.textfmts', 'Notmuch', ('notmuch',), (), ()),
+    'NuSMVLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.smv', 'NuSMV', ('nusmv',), ('*.smv',), ()),
+    'NumPyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.python', 'NumPy', ('numpy',), (), ()),
+    'ObjdumpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'objdump', ('objdump',), ('*.objdump',), ('text/x-objdump',)),
+    'ObjectiveCLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.objective', 'Objective-C', ('objective-c', 'objectivec', 'obj-c', 'objc'), ('*.m', '*.h'), ('text/x-objective-c',)),
+    'ObjectiveCppLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.objective', 'Objective-C++', ('objective-c++', 'objectivec++', 'obj-c++', 'objc++'), ('*.mm', '*.hh'), ('text/x-objective-c++',)),
+    'ObjectiveJLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'Objective-J', ('objective-j', 'objectivej', 'obj-j', 'objj'), ('*.j',), ('text/x-objective-j',)),
+    'OcamlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ml', 'OCaml', ('ocaml',), ('*.ml', '*.mli', '*.mll', '*.mly'), ('text/x-ocaml',)),
+    'OctaveLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.matlab', 'Octave', ('octave',), ('*.m',), ('text/octave',)),
+    'OdinLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.archetype', 'ODIN', ('odin',), ('*.odin',), ('text/odin',)),
+    'OmgIdlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'OMG Interface Definition Language', ('omg-idl',), ('*.idl', '*.pidl'), ()),
+    'OocLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ooc', 'Ooc', ('ooc',), ('*.ooc',), ('text/x-ooc',)),
+    'OpaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ml', 'Opa', ('opa',), ('*.opa',), ('text/x-opa',)),
+    'OpenEdgeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.business', 'OpenEdge ABL', ('openedge', 'abl', 'progress'), ('*.p', '*.cls'), ('text/x-openedge', 'application/x-openedge')),
+    'OutputLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.special', 'Text output', ('output',), (), ()),
+    'PacmanConfLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'PacmanConf', ('pacmanconf',), ('pacman.conf',), ()),
+    'PanLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Pan', ('pan',), ('*.pan',), ()),
+    'ParaSailLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parasail', 'ParaSail', ('parasail',), ('*.psi', '*.psl'), ('text/x-parasail',)),
+    'PawnLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.pawn', 'Pawn', ('pawn',), ('*.p', '*.pwn', '*.inc'), ('text/x-pawn',)),
+    'PegLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.grammar_notation', 'PEG', ('peg',), ('*.peg',), ('text/x-peg',)),
+    'Perl6Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.perl', 'Perl6', ('perl6', 'pl6', 'raku'), ('*.pl', '*.pm', '*.nqp', '*.p6', '*.6pl', '*.p6l', '*.pl6', '*.6pm', '*.p6m', '*.pm6', '*.t', '*.raku', '*.rakumod', '*.rakutest', '*.rakudoc'), ('text/x-perl6', 'application/x-perl6')),
+    'PerlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.perl', 'Perl', ('perl', 'pl'), ('*.pl', '*.pm', '*.t', '*.perl'), ('text/x-perl', 'application/x-perl')),
+    'PhpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.php', 'PHP', ('php', 'php3', 'php4', 'php5'), ('*.php', '*.php[345]', '*.inc'), ('text/x-php',)),
+    'PigLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Pig', ('pig',), ('*.pig',), ('text/x-pig',)),
+    'PikeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'Pike', ('pike',), ('*.pike', '*.pmod'), ('text/x-pike',)),
+    'PkgConfigLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'PkgConfig', ('pkgconfig',), ('*.pc',), ()),
+    'PlPgsqlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sql', 'PL/pgSQL', ('plpgsql',), (), ('text/x-plpgsql',)),
+    'PointlessLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.pointless', 'Pointless', ('pointless',), ('*.ptls',), ()),
+    'PonyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.pony', 'Pony', ('pony',), ('*.pony',), ()),
+    'PostScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.graphics', 'PostScript', ('postscript', 'postscr'), ('*.ps', '*.eps'), ('application/postscript',)),
+    'PostgresConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sql', 'PostgreSQL console (psql)', ('psql', 'postgresql-console', 'postgres-console'), (), ('text/x-postgresql-psql',)),
+    'PostgresLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sql', 'PostgreSQL SQL dialect', ('postgresql', 'postgres'), (), ('text/x-postgresql',)),
+    'PovrayLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.graphics', 'POVRay', ('pov',), ('*.pov', '*.inc'), ('text/x-povray',)),
+    'PowerShellLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'PowerShell', ('powershell', 'pwsh', 'posh', 'ps1', 'psm1'), ('*.ps1', '*.psm1'), ('text/x-powershell',)),
+    'PowerShellSessionLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'PowerShell Session', ('pwsh-session', 'ps1con'), (), ()),
+    'PraatLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.praat', 'Praat', ('praat',), ('*.praat', '*.proc', '*.psc'), ()),
+    'ProcfileLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.procfile', 'Procfile', ('procfile',), ('Procfile',), ()),
+    'PrologLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.prolog', 'Prolog', ('prolog',), ('*.ecl', '*.prolog', '*.pro', '*.pl'), ('text/x-prolog',)),
+    'PromQLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.promql', 'PromQL', ('promql',), ('*.promql',), ()),
+    'PropertiesLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Properties', ('properties', 'jproperties'), ('*.properties',), ('text/x-java-properties',)),
+    'ProtoBufLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Protocol Buffer', ('protobuf', 'proto'), ('*.proto',), ()),
+    'PsyshConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.php', 'PsySH console session for PHP', ('psysh',), (), ()),
+    'PugLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.html', 'Pug', ('pug', 'jade'), ('*.pug', '*.jade'), ('text/x-pug', 'text/x-jade')),
+    'PuppetLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Puppet', ('puppet',), ('*.pp',), ()),
+    'PyPyLogLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.console', 'PyPy Log', ('pypylog', 'pypy'), ('*.pypylog',), ('application/x-pypylog',)),
+    'Python2Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.python', 'Python 2.x', ('python2', 'py2'), (), ('text/x-python2', 'application/x-python2')),
+    'Python2TracebackLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.python', 'Python 2.x Traceback', ('py2tb',), ('*.py2tb',), ('text/x-python2-traceback',)),
+    'PythonConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.python', 'Python console session', ('pycon',), (), ('text/x-python-doctest',)),
+    'PythonLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.python', 'Python', ('python', 'py', 'sage', 'python3', 'py3'), ('*.py', '*.pyw', '*.jy', '*.sage', '*.sc', 'SConstruct', 'SConscript', '*.bzl', 'BUCK', 'BUILD', 'BUILD.bazel', 'WORKSPACE', '*.tac'), ('text/x-python', 'application/x-python', 'text/x-python3', 'application/x-python3')),
+    'PythonTracebackLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.python', 'Python Traceback', ('pytb', 'py3tb'), ('*.pytb', '*.py3tb'), ('text/x-python-traceback', 'text/x-python3-traceback')),
+    'QBasicLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.basic', 'QBasic', ('qbasic', 'basic'), ('*.BAS', '*.bas'), ('text/basic',)),
+    'QVToLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.qvt', 'QVTO', ('qvto', 'qvt'), ('*.qvto',), ()),
+    'QmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.webmisc', 'QML', ('qml', 'qbs'), ('*.qml', '*.qbs'), ('application/x-qml', 'application/x-qt.qbs+qml')),
+    'RConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.r', 'RConsole', ('rconsole', 'rout'), ('*.Rout',), ()),
+    'RNCCompactLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.rnc', 'Relax-NG Compact', ('rng-compact', 'rnc'), ('*.rnc',), ()),
+    'RPMSpecLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.installers', 'RPMSpec', ('spec',), ('*.spec',), ('text/x-rpm-spec',)),
+    'RacketLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'Racket', ('racket', 'rkt'), ('*.rkt', '*.rktd', '*.rktl'), ('text/x-racket', 'application/x-racket')),
+    'RagelCLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'Ragel in C Host', ('ragel-c',), ('*.rl',), ()),
+    'RagelCppLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'Ragel in CPP Host', ('ragel-cpp',), ('*.rl',), ()),
+    'RagelDLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'Ragel in D Host', ('ragel-d',), ('*.rl',), ()),
+    'RagelEmbeddedLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'Embedded Ragel', ('ragel-em',), ('*.rl',), ()),
+    'RagelJavaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'Ragel in Java Host', ('ragel-java',), ('*.rl',), ()),
+    'RagelLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'Ragel', ('ragel',), (), ()),
+    'RagelObjectiveCLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'Ragel in Objective C Host', ('ragel-objc',), ('*.rl',), ()),
+    'RagelRubyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'Ragel in Ruby Host', ('ragel-ruby', 'ragel-rb'), ('*.rl',), ()),
+    'RawTokenLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.special', 'Raw token data', (), (), ('application/x-pygments-tokens',)),
+    'RdLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.r', 'Rd', ('rd',), ('*.Rd',), ('text/x-r-doc',)),
+    'ReasonLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ml', 'ReasonML', ('reasonml', 'reason'), ('*.re', '*.rei'), ('text/x-reasonml',)),
+    'RebolLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.rebol', 'REBOL', ('rebol',), ('*.r', '*.r3', '*.reb'), ('text/x-rebol',)),
+    'RedLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.rebol', 'Red', ('red', 'red/system'), ('*.red', '*.reds'), ('text/x-red', 'text/x-red-system')),
+    'RedcodeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.esoteric', 'Redcode', ('redcode',), ('*.cw',), ()),
+    'RegeditLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'reg', ('registry',), ('*.reg',), ('text/x-windows-registry',)),
+    'ResourceLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.resource', 'ResourceBundle', ('resourcebundle', 'resource'), (), ()),
+    'RexxLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scripting', 'Rexx', ('rexx', 'arexx'), ('*.rexx', '*.rex', '*.rx', '*.arexx'), ('text/x-rexx',)),
+    'RhtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'RHTML', ('rhtml', 'html+erb', 'html+ruby'), ('*.rhtml',), ('text/html+ruby',)),
+    'RideLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ride', 'Ride', ('ride',), ('*.ride',), ('text/x-ride',)),
+    'RitaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.rita', 'Rita', ('rita',), ('*.rita',), ('text/rita',)),
+    'RoboconfGraphLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.roboconf', 'Roboconf Graph', ('roboconf-graph',), ('*.graph',), ()),
+    'RoboconfInstancesLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.roboconf', 'Roboconf Instances', ('roboconf-instances',), ('*.instances',), ()),
+    'RobotFrameworkLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.robotframework', 'RobotFramework', ('robotframework',), ('*.robot',), ('text/x-robotframework',)),
+    'RqlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sql', 'RQL', ('rql',), ('*.rql',), ('text/x-rql',)),
+    'RslLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'RSL', ('rsl',), ('*.rsl',), ('text/rsl',)),
+    'RstLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'reStructuredText', ('restructuredtext', 'rst', 'rest'), ('*.rst', '*.rest'), ('text/x-rst', 'text/prs.fallenstein.rst')),
+    'RtsLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.trafficscript', 'TrafficScript', ('trafficscript', 'rts'), ('*.rts',), ()),
+    'RubyConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ruby', 'Ruby irb session', ('rbcon', 'irb'), (), ('text/x-ruby-shellsession',)),
+    'RubyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ruby', 'Ruby', ('ruby', 'rb', 'duby'), ('*.rb', '*.rbw', 'Rakefile', '*.rake', '*.gemspec', '*.rbx', '*.duby', 'Gemfile', 'Vagrantfile'), ('text/x-ruby', 'application/x-ruby')),
+    'RustLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.rust', 'Rust', ('rust', 'rs'), ('*.rs', '*.rs.in'), ('text/rust', 'text/x-rust')),
+    'SASLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sas', 'SAS', ('sas',), ('*.SAS', '*.sas'), ('text/x-sas', 'text/sas', 'application/x-sas')),
+    'SLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.r', 'S', ('splus', 's', 'r'), ('*.S', '*.R', '.Rhistory', '.Rprofile', '.Renviron'), ('text/S-plus', 'text/S', 'text/x-r-source', 'text/x-r', 'text/x-R', 'text/x-r-history', 'text/x-r-profile')),
+    'SMLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.ml', 'Standard ML', ('sml',), ('*.sml', '*.sig', '*.fun'), ('text/x-standardml', 'application/x-standardml')),
+    'SarlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'SARL', ('sarl',), ('*.sarl',), ('text/x-sarl',)),
+    'SassLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.css', 'Sass', ('sass',), ('*.sass',), ('text/x-sass',)),
+    'SaviLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.savi', 'Savi', ('savi',), ('*.savi',), ()),
+    'ScalaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Scala', ('scala',), ('*.scala',), ('text/x-scala',)),
+    'ScamlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.html', 'Scaml', ('scaml',), ('*.scaml',), ('text/x-scaml',)),
+    'ScdocLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.scdoc', 'scdoc', ('scdoc', 'scd'), ('*.scd', '*.scdoc'), ()),
+    'SchemeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'Scheme', ('scheme', 'scm'), ('*.scm', '*.ss'), ('text/x-scheme', 'application/x-scheme')),
+    'ScilabLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.matlab', 'Scilab', ('scilab',), ('*.sci', '*.sce', '*.tst'), ('text/scilab',)),
+    'ScssLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.css', 'SCSS', ('scss',), ('*.scss',), ('text/x-scss',)),
+    'SedLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.textedit', 'Sed', ('sed', 'gsed', 'ssed'), ('*.sed', '*.[gs]sed'), ('text/x-sed',)),
+    'ShExCLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.rdf', 'ShExC', ('shexc', 'shex'), ('*.shex',), ('text/shex',)),
+    'ShenLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'Shen', ('shen',), ('*.shen',), ('text/x-shen', 'application/x-shen')),
+    'SieveLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sieve', 'Sieve', ('sieve',), ('*.siv', '*.sieve'), ()),
+    'SilverLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.verification', 'Silver', ('silver',), ('*.sil', '*.vpr'), ()),
+    'SingularityLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Singularity', ('singularity',), ('*.def', 'Singularity'), ()),
+    'SlashLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.slash', 'Slash', ('slash',), ('*.sla',), ()),
+    'SlimLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.webmisc', 'Slim', ('slim',), ('*.slim',), ('text/x-slim',)),
+    'SlurmBashLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'Slurm', ('slurm', 'sbatch'), ('*.sl',), ()),
+    'SmaliLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dalvik', 'Smali', ('smali',), ('*.smali',), ('text/smali',)),
+    'SmalltalkLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.smalltalk', 'Smalltalk', ('smalltalk', 'squeak', 'st'), ('*.st',), ('text/x-smalltalk',)),
+    'SmartGameFormatLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sgf', 'SmartGameFormat', ('sgf',), ('*.sgf',), ()),
+    'SmartyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Smarty', ('smarty',), ('*.tpl',), ('application/x-smarty',)),
+    'SmithyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.smithy', 'Smithy', ('smithy',), ('*.smithy',), ()),
+    'SnobolLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.snobol', 'Snobol', ('snobol',), ('*.snobol',), ('text/x-snobol',)),
+    'SnowballLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Snowball', ('snowball',), ('*.sbl',), ()),
+    'SolidityLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.solidity', 'Solidity', ('solidity',), ('*.sol',), ()),
+    'SophiaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sophia', 'Sophia', ('sophia',), ('*.aes',), ()),
+    'SourcePawnLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.pawn', 'SourcePawn', ('sp',), ('*.sp',), ('text/x-sourcepawn',)),
+    'SourcesListLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.installers', 'Debian Sourcelist', ('debsources', 'sourceslist', 'sources.list'), ('sources.list',), ()),
+    'SparqlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.rdf', 'SPARQL', ('sparql',), ('*.rq', '*.sparql'), ('application/sparql-query',)),
+    'SpiceLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.spice', 'Spice', ('spice', 'spicelang'), ('*.spice',), ('text/x-spice',)),
+    'SqlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sql', 'SQL', ('sql',), ('*.sql',), ('text/x-sql',)),
+    'SqliteConsoleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sql', 'sqlite3con', ('sqlite3',), ('*.sqlite3-console',), ('text/x-sqlite3-console',)),
+    'SquidConfLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'SquidConf', ('squidconf', 'squid.conf', 'squid'), ('squid.conf',), ('text/x-squidconf',)),
+    'SrcinfoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.srcinfo', 'Srcinfo', ('srcinfo',), ('.SRCINFO',), ()),
+    'SspLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Scalate Server Page', ('ssp',), ('*.ssp',), ('application/x-ssp',)),
+    'StanLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.modeling', 'Stan', ('stan',), ('*.stan',), ()),
+    'StataLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.stata', 'Stata', ('stata', 'do'), ('*.do', '*.ado'), ('text/x-stata', 'text/stata', 'application/x-stata')),
+    'SuperColliderLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.supercollider', 'SuperCollider', ('supercollider', 'sc'), ('*.sc', '*.scd'), ('application/supercollider', 'text/supercollider')),
+    'SwiftLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.objective', 'Swift', ('swift',), ('*.swift',), ('text/x-swift',)),
+    'SwigLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'SWIG', ('swig',), ('*.swg', '*.i'), ('text/swig',)),
+    'SystemVerilogLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.hdl', 'systemverilog', ('systemverilog', 'sv'), ('*.sv', '*.svh'), ('text/x-systemverilog',)),
+    'TAPLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.testing', 'TAP', ('tap',), ('*.tap',), ()),
+    'TNTLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.tnt', 'Typographic Number Theory', ('tnt',), ('*.tnt',), ()),
+    'TOMLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'TOML', ('toml',), ('*.toml', 'Pipfile', 'poetry.lock'), ()),
+    'Tads3Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.int_fiction', 'TADS 3', ('tads3',), ('*.t',), ()),
+    'TasmLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.asm', 'TASM', ('tasm',), ('*.asm', '*.ASM', '*.tasm'), ('text/x-tasm',)),
+    'TclLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.tcl', 'Tcl', ('tcl',), ('*.tcl', '*.rvt'), ('text/x-tcl', 'text/x-script.tcl', 'application/x-tcl')),
+    'TcshLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'Tcsh', ('tcsh', 'csh'), ('*.tcsh', '*.csh'), ('application/x-csh',)),
+    'TcshSessionLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.shell', 'Tcsh Session', ('tcshcon',), (), ()),
+    'TeaTemplateLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Tea', ('tea',), ('*.tea',), ('text/x-tea',)),
+    'TealLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.teal', 'teal', ('teal',), ('*.teal',), ()),
+    'TeraTermLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.teraterm', 'Tera Term macro', ('teratermmacro', 'teraterm', 'ttl'), ('*.ttl',), ('text/x-teratermmacro',)),
+    'TermcapLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Termcap', ('termcap',), ('termcap', 'termcap.src'), ()),
+    'TerminfoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Terminfo', ('terminfo',), ('terminfo', 'terminfo.src'), ()),
+    'TerraformLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.configs', 'Terraform', ('terraform', 'tf'), ('*.tf',), ('application/x-tf', 'application/x-terraform')),
+    'TexLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'TeX', ('tex', 'latex'), ('*.tex', '*.aux', '*.toc'), ('text/x-tex', 'text/x-latex')),
+    'TextLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.special', 'Text only', ('text',), ('*.txt',), ('text/plain',)),
+    'ThingsDBLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.thingsdb', 'ThingsDB', ('ti', 'thingsdb'), ('*.ti',), ()),
+    'ThriftLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Thrift', ('thrift',), ('*.thrift',), ('application/x-thrift',)),
+    'TiddlyWiki5Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.markup', 'tiddler', ('tid',), ('*.tid',), ('text/vnd.tiddlywiki',)),
+    'TodotxtLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.textfmts', 'Todotxt', ('todotxt',), ('todo.txt', '*.todotxt'), ('text/x-todo',)),
+    'TransactSqlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.sql', 'Transact-SQL', ('tsql', 't-sql'), ('*.sql',), ('text/x-tsql',)),
+    'TreetopLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.parsers', 'Treetop', ('treetop',), ('*.treetop', '*.tt'), ()),
+    'TurtleLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.rdf', 'Turtle', ('turtle',), ('*.ttl',), ('text/turtle', 'application/x-turtle')),
+    'TwigHtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Twig', ('html+twig',), ('*.twig',), ('text/html+twig',)),
+    'TwigLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Twig', ('twig',), (), ('application/x-twig',)),
+    'TypeScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.javascript', 'TypeScript', ('typescript', 'ts'), ('*.ts',), ('application/x-typescript', 'text/x-typescript')),
+    'TypoScriptCssDataLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.typoscript', 'TypoScriptCssData', ('typoscriptcssdata',), (), ()),
+    'TypoScriptHtmlDataLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.typoscript', 'TypoScriptHtmlData', ('typoscripthtmldata',), (), ()),
+    'TypoScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.typoscript', 'TypoScript', ('typoscript',), ('*.typoscript',), ('text/x-typoscript',)),
+    'UcodeLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.unicon', 'ucode', ('ucode',), ('*.u', '*.u1', '*.u2'), ()),
+    'UniconLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.unicon', 'Unicon', ('unicon',), ('*.icn',), ('text/unicon',)),
+    'UrbiscriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.urbi', 'UrbiScript', ('urbiscript',), ('*.u',), ('application/x-urbiscript',)),
+    'UsdLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.usd', 'USD', ('usd', 'usda'), ('*.usd', '*.usda'), ()),
+    'VBScriptLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.basic', 'VBScript', ('vbscript',), ('*.vbs', '*.VBS'), ()),
+    'VCLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.varnish', 'VCL', ('vcl',), ('*.vcl',), ('text/x-vclsrc',)),
+    'VCLSnippetLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.varnish', 'VCLSnippets', ('vclsnippets', 'vclsnippet'), (), ('text/x-vclsnippet',)),
+    'VCTreeStatusLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.console', 'VCTreeStatus', ('vctreestatus',), (), ()),
+    'VGLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'VGL', ('vgl',), ('*.rpf',), ()),
+    'ValaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.c_like', 'Vala', ('vala', 'vapi'), ('*.vala', '*.vapi'), ('text/x-vala',)),
+    'VbNetAspxLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dotnet', 'aspx-vb', ('aspx-vb',), ('*.aspx', '*.asax', '*.ascx', '*.ashx', '*.asmx', '*.axd'), ()),
+    'VbNetLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dotnet', 'VB.net', ('vb.net', 'vbnet'), ('*.vb', '*.bas'), ('text/x-vbnet', 'text/x-vba')),
+    'VelocityHtmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'HTML+Velocity', ('html+velocity',), (), ('text/html+velocity',)),
+    'VelocityLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'Velocity', ('velocity',), ('*.vm', '*.fhtml'), ()),
+    'VelocityXmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+Velocity', ('xml+velocity',), (), ('application/xml+velocity',)),
+    'VerilogLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.hdl', 'verilog', ('verilog', 'v'), ('*.v',), ('text/x-verilog',)),
+    'VhdlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.hdl', 'vhdl', ('vhdl',), ('*.vhdl', '*.vhd'), ('text/x-vhdl',)),
+    'VimLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.textedit', 'VimL', ('vim',), ('*.vim', '.vimrc', '.exrc', '.gvimrc', '_vimrc', '_exrc', '_gvimrc', 'vimrc', 'gvimrc'), ('text/x-vim',)),
+    'WDiffLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.diff', 'WDiff', ('wdiff',), ('*.wdiff',), ()),
+    'WatLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.webassembly', 'WebAssembly', ('wast', 'wat'), ('*.wat', '*.wast'), ()),
+    'WebIDLLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.webidl', 'Web IDL', ('webidl',), ('*.webidl',), ()),
+    'WhileyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.whiley', 'Whiley', ('whiley',), ('*.whiley',), ('text/x-whiley',)),
+    'X10Lexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.x10', 'X10', ('x10', 'xten'), ('*.x10',), ('text/x-x10',)),
+    'XQueryLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.webmisc', 'XQuery', ('xquery', 'xqy', 'xq', 'xql', 'xqm'), ('*.xqy', '*.xquery', '*.xq', '*.xql', '*.xqm'), ('text/xquery', 'application/xquery')),
+    'XmlDjangoLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+Django/Jinja', ('xml+django', 'xml+jinja'), (), ('application/xml+django', 'application/xml+jinja')),
+    'XmlErbLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+Ruby', ('xml+ruby', 'xml+erb'), (), ('application/xml+ruby',)),
+    'XmlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.html', 'XML', ('xml',), ('*.xml', '*.xsl', '*.rss', '*.xslt', '*.xsd', '*.wsdl', '*.wsf'), ('text/xml', 'application/xml', 'image/svg+xml', 'application/rss+xml', 'application/atom+xml')),
+    'XmlPhpLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+PHP', ('xml+php',), (), ('application/xml+php',)),
+    'XmlSmartyLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'XML+Smarty', ('xml+smarty',), (), ('application/xml+smarty',)),
+    'XorgLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.xorg', 'Xorg', ('xorg.conf',), ('xorg.conf',), ()),
+    'XsltLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.html', 'XSLT', ('xslt',), ('*.xsl', '*.xslt', '*.xpl'), ('application/xsl+xml', 'application/xslt+xml')),
+    'XtendLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.jvm', 'Xtend', ('xtend',), ('*.xtend',), ('text/x-xtend',)),
+    'XtlangLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.lisp', 'xtlang', ('extempore',), ('*.xtm',), ()),
+    'YamlJinjaLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.templates', 'YAML+Jinja', ('yaml+jinja', 'salt', 'sls'), ('*.sls',), ('text/x-yaml+jinja', 'text/x-sls')),
+    'YamlLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.data', 'YAML', ('yaml',), ('*.yaml', '*.yml'), ('text/x-yaml',)),
+    'YangLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.yang', 'YANG', ('yang',), ('*.yang',), ('application/yang',)),
+    'ZeekLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.dsls', 'Zeek', ('zeek', 'bro'), ('*.zeek', '*.bro'), ()),
+    'ZephirLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.php', 'Zephir', ('zephir',), ('*.zep',), ()),
+    'ZigLexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.zig', 'Zig', ('zig',), ('*.zig',), ('text/zig',)),
+    'apdlexer': ('pip._vendor.pygments.lexers.apdlexer', 'ANSYS parametric design language', ('ansys', 'apdl'), ('*.ans',), ()),
+}
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':  # pragma: no cover
+    import sys
+    import os
+
+    # lookup lexers
+    found_lexers = []
+    sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..'))
+    for root, dirs, files in os.walk('.'):
+        for filename in files:
+            if filename.endswith('.py') and not filename.startswith('_'):
+                module_name = 'pygments.lexers%s.%s' % (
+                    root[1:].replace('/', '.'), filename[:-3])
+                print(module_name)
+                module = __import__(module_name, None, None, [''])
+                for lexer_name in module.__all__:
+                    lexer = getattr(module, lexer_name)
+                    found_lexers.append(
+                        '%r: %r' % (lexer_name,
+                                    (module_name,
+                                     lexer.name,
+                                     tuple(lexer.aliases),
+                                     tuple(lexer.filenames),
+                                     tuple(lexer.mimetypes))))
+    # sort them to make the diff minimal
+    found_lexers.sort()
+
+    # extract useful sourcecode from this file
+    with open(__file__) as fp:
+        content = fp.read()
+        # replace crnl to nl for Windows.
+        #
+        # Note that, originally, contributers should keep nl of master
+        # repository, for example by using some kind of automatic
+        # management EOL, like `EolExtension
+        #  <https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/EolExtension>`.
+        content = content.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+    header = content[:content.find('LEXERS = {')]
+    footer = content[content.find("if __name__ == '__main__':"):]
+
+    # write new file
+    with open(__file__, 'w') as fp:
+        fp.write(header)
+        fp.write('LEXERS = {\n    %s,\n}\n\n' % ',\n    '.join(found_lexers))
+        fp.write(footer)
+
+    print ('=== %d lexers processed.' % len(found_lexers))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexers/python.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexers/python.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e7bab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/lexers/python.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1188 @@
+"""
+    pygments.lexers.python
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Lexers for Python and related languages.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import re
+import keyword
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.lexer import Lexer, RegexLexer, include, bygroups, using, \
+    default, words, combined, do_insertions, this
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import get_bool_opt, shebang_matches
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Text, Comment, Operator, Keyword, Name, String, \
+    Number, Punctuation, Generic, Other, Error
+from pip._vendor.pygments import unistring as uni
+
+__all__ = ['PythonLexer', 'PythonConsoleLexer', 'PythonTracebackLexer',
+           'Python2Lexer', 'Python2TracebackLexer',
+           'CythonLexer', 'DgLexer', 'NumPyLexer']
+
+line_re = re.compile('.*?\n')
+
+
+class PythonLexer(RegexLexer):
+    """
+    For `Python <http://www.python.org>`_ source code (version 3.x).
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.5
+       This is now the default ``PythonLexer``.  It is still available as the
+       alias ``Python3Lexer``.
+    """
+
+    name = 'Python'
+    aliases = ['python', 'py', 'sage', 'python3', 'py3']
+    filenames = [
+        '*.py',
+        '*.pyw',
+        # Jython
+        '*.jy',
+        # Sage
+        '*.sage',
+        # SCons
+        '*.sc',
+        'SConstruct',
+        'SConscript',
+        # Skylark/Starlark (used by Bazel, Buck, and Pants)
+        '*.bzl',
+        'BUCK',
+        'BUILD',
+        'BUILD.bazel',
+        'WORKSPACE',
+        # Twisted Application infrastructure
+        '*.tac',
+    ]
+    mimetypes = ['text/x-python', 'application/x-python',
+                 'text/x-python3', 'application/x-python3']
+
+    flags = re.MULTILINE | re.UNICODE
+
+    uni_name = "[%s][%s]*" % (uni.xid_start, uni.xid_continue)
+
+    def innerstring_rules(ttype):
+        return [
+            # the old style '%s' % (...) string formatting (still valid in Py3)
+            (r'%(\(\w+\))?[-#0 +]*([0-9]+|[*])?(\.([0-9]+|[*]))?'
+             '[hlL]?[E-GXc-giorsaux%]', String.Interpol),
+            # the new style '{}'.format(...) string formatting
+            (r'\{'
+             r'((\w+)((\.\w+)|(\[[^\]]+\]))*)?'  # field name
+             r'(\![sra])?'                       # conversion
+             r'(\:(.?[<>=\^])?[-+ ]?#?0?(\d+)?,?(\.\d+)?[E-GXb-gnosx%]?)?'
+             r'\}', String.Interpol),
+
+            # backslashes, quotes and formatting signs must be parsed one at a time
+            (r'[^\\\'"%{\n]+', ttype),
+            (r'[\'"\\]', ttype),
+            # unhandled string formatting sign
+            (r'%|(\{{1,2})', ttype)
+            # newlines are an error (use "nl" state)
+        ]
+
+    def fstring_rules(ttype):
+        return [
+            # Assuming that a '}' is the closing brace after format specifier.
+            # Sadly, this means that we won't detect syntax error. But it's
+            # more important to parse correct syntax correctly, than to
+            # highlight invalid syntax.
+            (r'\}', String.Interpol),
+            (r'\{', String.Interpol, 'expr-inside-fstring'),
+            # backslashes, quotes and formatting signs must be parsed one at a time
+            (r'[^\\\'"{}\n]+', ttype),
+            (r'[\'"\\]', ttype),
+            # newlines are an error (use "nl" state)
+        ]
+
+    tokens = {
+        'root': [
+            (r'\n', Text),
+            (r'^(\s*)([rRuUbB]{,2})("""(?:.|\n)*?""")',
+             bygroups(Text, String.Affix, String.Doc)),
+            (r"^(\s*)([rRuUbB]{,2})('''(?:.|\n)*?''')",
+             bygroups(Text, String.Affix, String.Doc)),
+            (r'\A#!.+$', Comment.Hashbang),
+            (r'#.*$', Comment.Single),
+            (r'\\\n', Text),
+            (r'\\', Text),
+            include('keywords'),
+            include('soft-keywords'),
+            (r'(def)((?:\s|\\\s)+)', bygroups(Keyword, Text), 'funcname'),
+            (r'(class)((?:\s|\\\s)+)', bygroups(Keyword, Text), 'classname'),
+            (r'(from)((?:\s|\\\s)+)', bygroups(Keyword.Namespace, Text),
+             'fromimport'),
+            (r'(import)((?:\s|\\\s)+)', bygroups(Keyword.Namespace, Text),
+             'import'),
+            include('expr'),
+        ],
+        'expr': [
+            # raw f-strings
+            ('(?i)(rf|fr)(""")',
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double),
+             combined('rfstringescape', 'tdqf')),
+            ("(?i)(rf|fr)(''')",
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single),
+             combined('rfstringescape', 'tsqf')),
+            ('(?i)(rf|fr)(")',
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double),
+             combined('rfstringescape', 'dqf')),
+            ("(?i)(rf|fr)(')",
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single),
+             combined('rfstringescape', 'sqf')),
+            # non-raw f-strings
+            ('([fF])(""")', bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double),
+             combined('fstringescape', 'tdqf')),
+            ("([fF])(''')", bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single),
+             combined('fstringescape', 'tsqf')),
+            ('([fF])(")', bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double),
+             combined('fstringescape', 'dqf')),
+            ("([fF])(')", bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single),
+             combined('fstringescape', 'sqf')),
+            # raw strings
+            ('(?i)(rb|br|r)(""")',
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double), 'tdqs'),
+            ("(?i)(rb|br|r)(''')",
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single), 'tsqs'),
+            ('(?i)(rb|br|r)(")',
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double), 'dqs'),
+            ("(?i)(rb|br|r)(')",
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single), 'sqs'),
+            # non-raw strings
+            ('([uUbB]?)(""")', bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double),
+             combined('stringescape', 'tdqs')),
+            ("([uUbB]?)(''')", bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single),
+             combined('stringescape', 'tsqs')),
+            ('([uUbB]?)(")', bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double),
+             combined('stringescape', 'dqs')),
+            ("([uUbB]?)(')", bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single),
+             combined('stringescape', 'sqs')),
+            (r'[^\S\n]+', Text),
+            include('numbers'),
+            (r'!=|==|<<|>>|:=|[-~+/*%=<>&^|.]', Operator),
+            (r'[]{}:(),;[]', Punctuation),
+            (r'(in|is|and|or|not)\b', Operator.Word),
+            include('expr-keywords'),
+            include('builtins'),
+            include('magicfuncs'),
+            include('magicvars'),
+            include('name'),
+        ],
+        'expr-inside-fstring': [
+            (r'[{([]', Punctuation, 'expr-inside-fstring-inner'),
+            # without format specifier
+            (r'(=\s*)?'         # debug (https://bugs.python.org/issue36817)
+             r'(\![sraf])?'     # conversion
+             r'\}', String.Interpol, '#pop'),
+            # with format specifier
+            # we'll catch the remaining '}' in the outer scope
+            (r'(=\s*)?'         # debug (https://bugs.python.org/issue36817)
+             r'(\![sraf])?'     # conversion
+             r':', String.Interpol, '#pop'),
+            (r'\s+', Text),  # allow new lines
+            include('expr'),
+        ],
+        'expr-inside-fstring-inner': [
+            (r'[{([]', Punctuation, 'expr-inside-fstring-inner'),
+            (r'[])}]', Punctuation, '#pop'),
+            (r'\s+', Text),  # allow new lines
+            include('expr'),
+        ],
+        'expr-keywords': [
+            # Based on https://docs.python.org/3/reference/expressions.html
+            (words((
+                'async for', 'await', 'else', 'for', 'if', 'lambda',
+                'yield', 'yield from'), suffix=r'\b'),
+             Keyword),
+            (words(('True', 'False', 'None'), suffix=r'\b'), Keyword.Constant),
+        ],
+        'keywords': [
+            (words((
+                'assert', 'async', 'await', 'break', 'continue', 'del', 'elif',
+                'else', 'except', 'finally', 'for', 'global', 'if', 'lambda',
+                'pass', 'raise', 'nonlocal', 'return', 'try', 'while', 'yield',
+                'yield from', 'as', 'with'), suffix=r'\b'),
+             Keyword),
+            (words(('True', 'False', 'None'), suffix=r'\b'), Keyword.Constant),
+        ],
+        'soft-keywords': [
+            # `match`, `case` and `_` soft keywords
+            (r'(^[ \t]*)'              # at beginning of line + possible indentation
+             r'(match|case)\b'         # a possible keyword
+             r'(?![ \t]*(?:'           # not followed by...
+             r'[:,;=^&|@~)\]}]|(?:' +  # characters and keywords that mean this isn't 
+             r'|'.join(keyword.kwlist) + r')\b))',                 # pattern matching
+             bygroups(Text, Keyword), 'soft-keywords-inner'),
+        ],
+        'soft-keywords-inner': [
+            # optional `_` keyword
+            (r'(\s+)([^\n_]*)(_\b)', bygroups(Text, using(this), Keyword)),
+            default('#pop')
+        ],
+        'builtins': [
+            (words((
+                '__import__', 'abs', 'all', 'any', 'bin', 'bool', 'bytearray',
+                'breakpoint', 'bytes', 'chr', 'classmethod', 'compile', 'complex',
+                'delattr', 'dict', 'dir', 'divmod', 'enumerate', 'eval', 'filter',
+                'float', 'format', 'frozenset', 'getattr', 'globals', 'hasattr',
+                'hash', 'hex', 'id', 'input', 'int', 'isinstance', 'issubclass',
+                'iter', 'len', 'list', 'locals', 'map', 'max', 'memoryview',
+                'min', 'next', 'object', 'oct', 'open', 'ord', 'pow', 'print',
+                'property', 'range', 'repr', 'reversed', 'round', 'set', 'setattr',
+                'slice', 'sorted', 'staticmethod', 'str', 'sum', 'super', 'tuple',
+                'type', 'vars', 'zip'), prefix=r'(?<!\.)', suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Builtin),
+            (r'(?<!\.)(self|Ellipsis|NotImplemented|cls)\b', Name.Builtin.Pseudo),
+            (words((
+                'ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError',
+                'BaseException', 'BufferError', 'BytesWarning', 'DeprecationWarning',
+                'EOFError', 'EnvironmentError', 'Exception', 'FloatingPointError',
+                'FutureWarning', 'GeneratorExit', 'IOError', 'ImportError',
+                'ImportWarning', 'IndentationError', 'IndexError', 'KeyError',
+                'KeyboardInterrupt', 'LookupError', 'MemoryError', 'NameError',
+                'NotImplementedError', 'OSError', 'OverflowError',
+                'PendingDeprecationWarning', 'ReferenceError', 'ResourceWarning',
+                'RuntimeError', 'RuntimeWarning', 'StopIteration',
+                'SyntaxError', 'SyntaxWarning', 'SystemError', 'SystemExit',
+                'TabError', 'TypeError', 'UnboundLocalError', 'UnicodeDecodeError',
+                'UnicodeEncodeError', 'UnicodeError', 'UnicodeTranslateError',
+                'UnicodeWarning', 'UserWarning', 'ValueError', 'VMSError',
+                'Warning', 'WindowsError', 'ZeroDivisionError',
+                # new builtin exceptions from PEP 3151
+                'BlockingIOError', 'ChildProcessError', 'ConnectionError',
+                'BrokenPipeError', 'ConnectionAbortedError', 'ConnectionRefusedError',
+                'ConnectionResetError', 'FileExistsError', 'FileNotFoundError',
+                'InterruptedError', 'IsADirectoryError', 'NotADirectoryError',
+                'PermissionError', 'ProcessLookupError', 'TimeoutError',
+                # others new in Python 3
+                'StopAsyncIteration', 'ModuleNotFoundError', 'RecursionError'),
+                prefix=r'(?<!\.)', suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Exception),
+        ],
+        'magicfuncs': [
+            (words((
+                '__abs__', '__add__', '__aenter__', '__aexit__', '__aiter__',
+                '__and__', '__anext__', '__await__', '__bool__', '__bytes__',
+                '__call__', '__complex__', '__contains__', '__del__', '__delattr__',
+                '__delete__', '__delitem__', '__dir__', '__divmod__', '__enter__',
+                '__eq__', '__exit__', '__float__', '__floordiv__', '__format__',
+                '__ge__', '__get__', '__getattr__', '__getattribute__',
+                '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__iadd__', '__iand__',
+                '__ifloordiv__', '__ilshift__', '__imatmul__', '__imod__',
+                '__imul__', '__index__', '__init__', '__instancecheck__',
+                '__int__', '__invert__', '__ior__', '__ipow__', '__irshift__',
+                '__isub__', '__iter__', '__itruediv__', '__ixor__', '__le__',
+                '__len__', '__length_hint__', '__lshift__', '__lt__', '__matmul__',
+                '__missing__', '__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__neg__',
+                '__new__', '__next__', '__or__', '__pos__', '__pow__',
+                '__prepare__', '__radd__', '__rand__', '__rdivmod__', '__repr__',
+                '__reversed__', '__rfloordiv__', '__rlshift__', '__rmatmul__',
+                '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__ror__', '__round__', '__rpow__',
+                '__rrshift__', '__rshift__', '__rsub__', '__rtruediv__',
+                '__rxor__', '__set__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__str__',
+                '__sub__', '__subclasscheck__', '__truediv__',
+                '__xor__'), suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Function.Magic),
+        ],
+        'magicvars': [
+            (words((
+                '__annotations__', '__bases__', '__class__', '__closure__',
+                '__code__', '__defaults__', '__dict__', '__doc__', '__file__',
+                '__func__', '__globals__', '__kwdefaults__', '__module__',
+                '__mro__', '__name__', '__objclass__', '__qualname__',
+                '__self__', '__slots__', '__weakref__'), suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Variable.Magic),
+        ],
+        'numbers': [
+            (r'(\d(?:_?\d)*\.(?:\d(?:_?\d)*)?|(?:\d(?:_?\d)*)?\.\d(?:_?\d)*)'
+             r'([eE][+-]?\d(?:_?\d)*)?', Number.Float),
+            (r'\d(?:_?\d)*[eE][+-]?\d(?:_?\d)*j?', Number.Float),
+            (r'0[oO](?:_?[0-7])+', Number.Oct),
+            (r'0[bB](?:_?[01])+', Number.Bin),
+            (r'0[xX](?:_?[a-fA-F0-9])+', Number.Hex),
+            (r'\d(?:_?\d)*', Number.Integer),
+        ],
+        'name': [
+            (r'@' + uni_name, Name.Decorator),
+            (r'@', Operator),  # new matrix multiplication operator
+            (uni_name, Name),
+        ],
+        'funcname': [
+            include('magicfuncs'),
+            (uni_name, Name.Function, '#pop'),
+            default('#pop'),
+        ],
+        'classname': [
+            (uni_name, Name.Class, '#pop'),
+        ],
+        'import': [
+            (r'(\s+)(as)(\s+)', bygroups(Text, Keyword, Text)),
+            (r'\.', Name.Namespace),
+            (uni_name, Name.Namespace),
+            (r'(\s*)(,)(\s*)', bygroups(Text, Operator, Text)),
+            default('#pop')  # all else: go back
+        ],
+        'fromimport': [
+            (r'(\s+)(import)\b', bygroups(Text, Keyword.Namespace), '#pop'),
+            (r'\.', Name.Namespace),
+            # if None occurs here, it's "raise x from None", since None can
+            # never be a module name
+            (r'None\b', Name.Builtin.Pseudo, '#pop'),
+            (uni_name, Name.Namespace),
+            default('#pop'),
+        ],
+        'rfstringescape': [
+            (r'\{\{', String.Escape),
+            (r'\}\}', String.Escape),
+        ],
+        'fstringescape': [
+            include('rfstringescape'),
+            include('stringescape'),
+        ],
+        'stringescape': [
+            (r'\\([\\abfnrtv"\']|\n|N\{.*?\}|u[a-fA-F0-9]{4}|'
+             r'U[a-fA-F0-9]{8}|x[a-fA-F0-9]{2}|[0-7]{1,3})', String.Escape)
+        ],
+        'fstrings-single': fstring_rules(String.Single),
+        'fstrings-double': fstring_rules(String.Double),
+        'strings-single': innerstring_rules(String.Single),
+        'strings-double': innerstring_rules(String.Double),
+        'dqf': [
+            (r'"', String.Double, '#pop'),
+            (r'\\\\|\\"|\\\n', String.Escape),  # included here for raw strings
+            include('fstrings-double')
+        ],
+        'sqf': [
+            (r"'", String.Single, '#pop'),
+            (r"\\\\|\\'|\\\n", String.Escape),  # included here for raw strings
+            include('fstrings-single')
+        ],
+        'dqs': [
+            (r'"', String.Double, '#pop'),
+            (r'\\\\|\\"|\\\n', String.Escape),  # included here for raw strings
+            include('strings-double')
+        ],
+        'sqs': [
+            (r"'", String.Single, '#pop'),
+            (r"\\\\|\\'|\\\n", String.Escape),  # included here for raw strings
+            include('strings-single')
+        ],
+        'tdqf': [
+            (r'"""', String.Double, '#pop'),
+            include('fstrings-double'),
+            (r'\n', String.Double)
+        ],
+        'tsqf': [
+            (r"'''", String.Single, '#pop'),
+            include('fstrings-single'),
+            (r'\n', String.Single)
+        ],
+        'tdqs': [
+            (r'"""', String.Double, '#pop'),
+            include('strings-double'),
+            (r'\n', String.Double)
+        ],
+        'tsqs': [
+            (r"'''", String.Single, '#pop'),
+            include('strings-single'),
+            (r'\n', String.Single)
+        ],
+    }
+
+    def analyse_text(text):
+        return shebang_matches(text, r'pythonw?(3(\.\d)?)?') or \
+            'import ' in text[:1000]
+
+
+Python3Lexer = PythonLexer
+
+
+class Python2Lexer(RegexLexer):
+    """
+    For `Python 2.x <http://www.python.org>`_ source code.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.5
+       This class has been renamed from ``PythonLexer``.  ``PythonLexer`` now
+       refers to the Python 3 variant.  File name patterns like ``*.py`` have
+       been moved to Python 3 as well.
+    """
+
+    name = 'Python 2.x'
+    aliases = ['python2', 'py2']
+    filenames = []  # now taken over by PythonLexer (3.x)
+    mimetypes = ['text/x-python2', 'application/x-python2']
+
+    def innerstring_rules(ttype):
+        return [
+            # the old style '%s' % (...) string formatting
+            (r'%(\(\w+\))?[-#0 +]*([0-9]+|[*])?(\.([0-9]+|[*]))?'
+             '[hlL]?[E-GXc-giorsux%]', String.Interpol),
+            # backslashes, quotes and formatting signs must be parsed one at a time
+            (r'[^\\\'"%\n]+', ttype),
+            (r'[\'"\\]', ttype),
+            # unhandled string formatting sign
+            (r'%', ttype),
+            # newlines are an error (use "nl" state)
+        ]
+
+    tokens = {
+        'root': [
+            (r'\n', Text),
+            (r'^(\s*)([rRuUbB]{,2})("""(?:.|\n)*?""")',
+             bygroups(Text, String.Affix, String.Doc)),
+            (r"^(\s*)([rRuUbB]{,2})('''(?:.|\n)*?''')",
+             bygroups(Text, String.Affix, String.Doc)),
+            (r'[^\S\n]+', Text),
+            (r'\A#!.+$', Comment.Hashbang),
+            (r'#.*$', Comment.Single),
+            (r'[]{}:(),;[]', Punctuation),
+            (r'\\\n', Text),
+            (r'\\', Text),
+            (r'(in|is|and|or|not)\b', Operator.Word),
+            (r'!=|==|<<|>>|[-~+/*%=<>&^|.]', Operator),
+            include('keywords'),
+            (r'(def)((?:\s|\\\s)+)', bygroups(Keyword, Text), 'funcname'),
+            (r'(class)((?:\s|\\\s)+)', bygroups(Keyword, Text), 'classname'),
+            (r'(from)((?:\s|\\\s)+)', bygroups(Keyword.Namespace, Text),
+             'fromimport'),
+            (r'(import)((?:\s|\\\s)+)', bygroups(Keyword.Namespace, Text),
+             'import'),
+            include('builtins'),
+            include('magicfuncs'),
+            include('magicvars'),
+            include('backtick'),
+            ('([rR]|[uUbB][rR]|[rR][uUbB])(""")',
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double), 'tdqs'),
+            ("([rR]|[uUbB][rR]|[rR][uUbB])(''')",
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single), 'tsqs'),
+            ('([rR]|[uUbB][rR]|[rR][uUbB])(")',
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double), 'dqs'),
+            ("([rR]|[uUbB][rR]|[rR][uUbB])(')",
+             bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single), 'sqs'),
+            ('([uUbB]?)(""")', bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double),
+             combined('stringescape', 'tdqs')),
+            ("([uUbB]?)(''')", bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single),
+             combined('stringescape', 'tsqs')),
+            ('([uUbB]?)(")', bygroups(String.Affix, String.Double),
+             combined('stringescape', 'dqs')),
+            ("([uUbB]?)(')", bygroups(String.Affix, String.Single),
+             combined('stringescape', 'sqs')),
+            include('name'),
+            include('numbers'),
+        ],
+        'keywords': [
+            (words((
+                'assert', 'break', 'continue', 'del', 'elif', 'else', 'except',
+                'exec', 'finally', 'for', 'global', 'if', 'lambda', 'pass',
+                'print', 'raise', 'return', 'try', 'while', 'yield',
+                'yield from', 'as', 'with'), suffix=r'\b'),
+             Keyword),
+        ],
+        'builtins': [
+            (words((
+                '__import__', 'abs', 'all', 'any', 'apply', 'basestring', 'bin',
+                'bool', 'buffer', 'bytearray', 'bytes', 'callable', 'chr', 'classmethod',
+                'cmp', 'coerce', 'compile', 'complex', 'delattr', 'dict', 'dir', 'divmod',
+                'enumerate', 'eval', 'execfile', 'exit', 'file', 'filter', 'float',
+                'frozenset', 'getattr', 'globals', 'hasattr', 'hash', 'hex', 'id',
+                'input', 'int', 'intern', 'isinstance', 'issubclass', 'iter', 'len',
+                'list', 'locals', 'long', 'map', 'max', 'min', 'next', 'object',
+                'oct', 'open', 'ord', 'pow', 'property', 'range', 'raw_input', 'reduce',
+                'reload', 'repr', 'reversed', 'round', 'set', 'setattr', 'slice',
+                'sorted', 'staticmethod', 'str', 'sum', 'super', 'tuple', 'type',
+                'unichr', 'unicode', 'vars', 'xrange', 'zip'),
+                prefix=r'(?<!\.)', suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Builtin),
+            (r'(?<!\.)(self|None|Ellipsis|NotImplemented|False|True|cls'
+             r')\b', Name.Builtin.Pseudo),
+            (words((
+                'ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError',
+                'BaseException', 'DeprecationWarning', 'EOFError', 'EnvironmentError',
+                'Exception', 'FloatingPointError', 'FutureWarning', 'GeneratorExit',
+                'IOError', 'ImportError', 'ImportWarning', 'IndentationError',
+                'IndexError', 'KeyError', 'KeyboardInterrupt', 'LookupError',
+                'MemoryError', 'NameError',
+                'NotImplementedError', 'OSError', 'OverflowError', 'OverflowWarning',
+                'PendingDeprecationWarning', 'ReferenceError',
+                'RuntimeError', 'RuntimeWarning', 'StandardError', 'StopIteration',
+                'SyntaxError', 'SyntaxWarning', 'SystemError', 'SystemExit',
+                'TabError', 'TypeError', 'UnboundLocalError', 'UnicodeDecodeError',
+                'UnicodeEncodeError', 'UnicodeError', 'UnicodeTranslateError',
+                'UnicodeWarning', 'UserWarning', 'ValueError', 'VMSError', 'Warning',
+                'WindowsError', 'ZeroDivisionError'), prefix=r'(?<!\.)', suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Exception),
+        ],
+        'magicfuncs': [
+            (words((
+                '__abs__', '__add__', '__and__', '__call__', '__cmp__', '__coerce__',
+                '__complex__', '__contains__', '__del__', '__delattr__', '__delete__',
+                '__delitem__', '__delslice__', '__div__', '__divmod__', '__enter__',
+                '__eq__', '__exit__', '__float__', '__floordiv__', '__ge__', '__get__',
+                '__getattr__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__getslice__', '__gt__',
+                '__hash__', '__hex__', '__iadd__', '__iand__', '__idiv__', '__ifloordiv__',
+                '__ilshift__', '__imod__', '__imul__', '__index__', '__init__',
+                '__instancecheck__', '__int__', '__invert__', '__iop__', '__ior__',
+                '__ipow__', '__irshift__', '__isub__', '__iter__', '__itruediv__',
+                '__ixor__', '__le__', '__len__', '__long__', '__lshift__', '__lt__',
+                '__missing__', '__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__neg__', '__new__',
+                '__nonzero__', '__oct__', '__op__', '__or__', '__pos__', '__pow__',
+                '__radd__', '__rand__', '__rcmp__', '__rdiv__', '__rdivmod__', '__repr__',
+                '__reversed__', '__rfloordiv__', '__rlshift__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__',
+                '__rop__', '__ror__', '__rpow__', '__rrshift__', '__rshift__', '__rsub__',
+                '__rtruediv__', '__rxor__', '__set__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__',
+                '__setslice__', '__str__', '__sub__', '__subclasscheck__', '__truediv__',
+                '__unicode__', '__xor__'), suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Function.Magic),
+        ],
+        'magicvars': [
+            (words((
+                '__bases__', '__class__', '__closure__', '__code__', '__defaults__',
+                '__dict__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__func__', '__globals__',
+                '__metaclass__', '__module__', '__mro__', '__name__', '__self__',
+                '__slots__', '__weakref__'),
+                suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Variable.Magic),
+        ],
+        'numbers': [
+            (r'(\d+\.\d*|\d*\.\d+)([eE][+-]?[0-9]+)?j?', Number.Float),
+            (r'\d+[eE][+-]?[0-9]+j?', Number.Float),
+            (r'0[0-7]+j?', Number.Oct),
+            (r'0[bB][01]+', Number.Bin),
+            (r'0[xX][a-fA-F0-9]+', Number.Hex),
+            (r'\d+L', Number.Integer.Long),
+            (r'\d+j?', Number.Integer)
+        ],
+        'backtick': [
+            ('`.*?`', String.Backtick),
+        ],
+        'name': [
+            (r'@[\w.]+', Name.Decorator),
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_]\w*', Name),
+        ],
+        'funcname': [
+            include('magicfuncs'),
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_]\w*', Name.Function, '#pop'),
+            default('#pop'),
+        ],
+        'classname': [
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_]\w*', Name.Class, '#pop')
+        ],
+        'import': [
+            (r'(?:[ \t]|\\\n)+', Text),
+            (r'as\b', Keyword.Namespace),
+            (r',', Operator),
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_][\w.]*', Name.Namespace),
+            default('#pop')  # all else: go back
+        ],
+        'fromimport': [
+            (r'(?:[ \t]|\\\n)+', Text),
+            (r'import\b', Keyword.Namespace, '#pop'),
+            # if None occurs here, it's "raise x from None", since None can
+            # never be a module name
+            (r'None\b', Name.Builtin.Pseudo, '#pop'),
+            # sadly, in "raise x from y" y will be highlighted as namespace too
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_.][\w.]*', Name.Namespace),
+            # anything else here also means "raise x from y" and is therefore
+            # not an error
+            default('#pop'),
+        ],
+        'stringescape': [
+            (r'\\([\\abfnrtv"\']|\n|N\{.*?\}|u[a-fA-F0-9]{4}|'
+             r'U[a-fA-F0-9]{8}|x[a-fA-F0-9]{2}|[0-7]{1,3})', String.Escape)
+        ],
+        'strings-single': innerstring_rules(String.Single),
+        'strings-double': innerstring_rules(String.Double),
+        'dqs': [
+            (r'"', String.Double, '#pop'),
+            (r'\\\\|\\"|\\\n', String.Escape),  # included here for raw strings
+            include('strings-double')
+        ],
+        'sqs': [
+            (r"'", String.Single, '#pop'),
+            (r"\\\\|\\'|\\\n", String.Escape),  # included here for raw strings
+            include('strings-single')
+        ],
+        'tdqs': [
+            (r'"""', String.Double, '#pop'),
+            include('strings-double'),
+            (r'\n', String.Double)
+        ],
+        'tsqs': [
+            (r"'''", String.Single, '#pop'),
+            include('strings-single'),
+            (r'\n', String.Single)
+        ],
+    }
+
+    def analyse_text(text):
+        return shebang_matches(text, r'pythonw?2(\.\d)?')
+
+
+class PythonConsoleLexer(Lexer):
+    """
+    For Python console output or doctests, such as:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: pycon
+
+        >>> a = 'foo'
+        >>> print a
+        foo
+        >>> 1 / 0
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+          File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
+        ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero
+
+    Additional options:
+
+    `python3`
+        Use Python 3 lexer for code.  Default is ``True``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.5
+           Now defaults to ``True``.
+    """
+    name = 'Python console session'
+    aliases = ['pycon']
+    mimetypes = ['text/x-python-doctest']
+
+    def __init__(self, **options):
+        self.python3 = get_bool_opt(options, 'python3', True)
+        Lexer.__init__(self, **options)
+
+    def get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text):
+        if self.python3:
+            pylexer = PythonLexer(**self.options)
+            tblexer = PythonTracebackLexer(**self.options)
+        else:
+            pylexer = Python2Lexer(**self.options)
+            tblexer = Python2TracebackLexer(**self.options)
+
+        curcode = ''
+        insertions = []
+        curtb = ''
+        tbindex = 0
+        tb = 0
+        for match in line_re.finditer(text):
+            line = match.group()
+            if line.startswith('>>> ') or line.startswith('... '):
+                tb = 0
+                insertions.append((len(curcode),
+                                   [(0, Generic.Prompt, line[:4])]))
+                curcode += line[4:]
+            elif line.rstrip() == '...' and not tb:
+                # only a new >>> prompt can end an exception block
+                # otherwise an ellipsis in place of the traceback frames
+                # will be mishandled
+                insertions.append((len(curcode),
+                                   [(0, Generic.Prompt, '...')]))
+                curcode += line[3:]
+            else:
+                if curcode:
+                    yield from do_insertions(
+                        insertions, pylexer.get_tokens_unprocessed(curcode))
+                    curcode = ''
+                    insertions = []
+                if (line.startswith('Traceback (most recent call last):') or
+                        re.match('  File "[^"]+", line \\d+\\n$', line)):
+                    tb = 1
+                    curtb = line
+                    tbindex = match.start()
+                elif line == 'KeyboardInterrupt\n':
+                    yield match.start(), Name.Class, line
+                elif tb:
+                    curtb += line
+                    if not (line.startswith(' ') or line.strip() == '...'):
+                        tb = 0
+                        for i, t, v in tblexer.get_tokens_unprocessed(curtb):
+                            yield tbindex+i, t, v
+                        curtb = ''
+                else:
+                    yield match.start(), Generic.Output, line
+        if curcode:
+            yield from do_insertions(insertions,
+                                     pylexer.get_tokens_unprocessed(curcode))
+        if curtb:
+            for i, t, v in tblexer.get_tokens_unprocessed(curtb):
+                yield tbindex+i, t, v
+
+
+class PythonTracebackLexer(RegexLexer):
+    """
+    For Python 3.x tracebacks, with support for chained exceptions.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.5
+       This is now the default ``PythonTracebackLexer``.  It is still available
+       as the alias ``Python3TracebackLexer``.
+    """
+
+    name = 'Python Traceback'
+    aliases = ['pytb', 'py3tb']
+    filenames = ['*.pytb', '*.py3tb']
+    mimetypes = ['text/x-python-traceback', 'text/x-python3-traceback']
+
+    tokens = {
+        'root': [
+            (r'\n', Text),
+            (r'^Traceback \(most recent call last\):\n', Generic.Traceback, 'intb'),
+            (r'^During handling of the above exception, another '
+             r'exception occurred:\n\n', Generic.Traceback),
+            (r'^The above exception was the direct cause of the '
+             r'following exception:\n\n', Generic.Traceback),
+            (r'^(?=  File "[^"]+", line \d+)', Generic.Traceback, 'intb'),
+            (r'^.*\n', Other),
+        ],
+        'intb': [
+            (r'^(  File )("[^"]+")(, line )(\d+)(, in )(.+)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, Name.Builtin, Text, Number, Text, Name, Text)),
+            (r'^(  File )("[^"]+")(, line )(\d+)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, Name.Builtin, Text, Number, Text)),
+            (r'^(    )(.+)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, using(PythonLexer), Text), 'markers'),
+            (r'^([ \t]*)(\.\.\.)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, Comment, Text)),  # for doctests...
+            (r'^([^:]+)(: )(.+)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Generic.Error, Text, Name, Text), '#pop'),
+            (r'^([a-zA-Z_][\w.]*)(:?\n)',
+             bygroups(Generic.Error, Text), '#pop')
+        ],
+        'markers': [
+            # Either `PEP 657 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0657/>`
+            # error locations in Python 3.11+, or single-caret markers
+            # for syntax errors before that.
+            (r'^( {4,})([~^]+)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, Punctuation.Marker, Text),
+             '#pop'),
+            default('#pop'),
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+Python3TracebackLexer = PythonTracebackLexer
+
+
+class Python2TracebackLexer(RegexLexer):
+    """
+    For Python tracebacks.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.5
+       This class has been renamed from ``PythonTracebackLexer``.
+       ``PythonTracebackLexer`` now refers to the Python 3 variant.
+    """
+
+    name = 'Python 2.x Traceback'
+    aliases = ['py2tb']
+    filenames = ['*.py2tb']
+    mimetypes = ['text/x-python2-traceback']
+
+    tokens = {
+        'root': [
+            # Cover both (most recent call last) and (innermost last)
+            # The optional ^C allows us to catch keyboard interrupt signals.
+            (r'^(\^C)?(Traceback.*\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, Generic.Traceback), 'intb'),
+            # SyntaxError starts with this.
+            (r'^(?=  File "[^"]+", line \d+)', Generic.Traceback, 'intb'),
+            (r'^.*\n', Other),
+        ],
+        'intb': [
+            (r'^(  File )("[^"]+")(, line )(\d+)(, in )(.+)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, Name.Builtin, Text, Number, Text, Name, Text)),
+            (r'^(  File )("[^"]+")(, line )(\d+)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, Name.Builtin, Text, Number, Text)),
+            (r'^(    )(.+)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, using(Python2Lexer), Text), 'marker'),
+            (r'^([ \t]*)(\.\.\.)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Text, Comment, Text)),  # for doctests...
+            (r'^([^:]+)(: )(.+)(\n)',
+             bygroups(Generic.Error, Text, Name, Text), '#pop'),
+            (r'^([a-zA-Z_]\w*)(:?\n)',
+             bygroups(Generic.Error, Text), '#pop')
+        ],
+        'marker': [
+            # For syntax errors.
+            (r'( {4,})(\^)', bygroups(Text, Punctuation.Marker), '#pop'),
+            default('#pop'),
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+class CythonLexer(RegexLexer):
+    """
+    For Pyrex and `Cython <http://cython.org>`_ source code.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.1
+    """
+
+    name = 'Cython'
+    aliases = ['cython', 'pyx', 'pyrex']
+    filenames = ['*.pyx', '*.pxd', '*.pxi']
+    mimetypes = ['text/x-cython', 'application/x-cython']
+
+    tokens = {
+        'root': [
+            (r'\n', Text),
+            (r'^(\s*)("""(?:.|\n)*?""")', bygroups(Text, String.Doc)),
+            (r"^(\s*)('''(?:.|\n)*?''')", bygroups(Text, String.Doc)),
+            (r'[^\S\n]+', Text),
+            (r'#.*$', Comment),
+            (r'[]{}:(),;[]', Punctuation),
+            (r'\\\n', Text),
+            (r'\\', Text),
+            (r'(in|is|and|or|not)\b', Operator.Word),
+            (r'(<)([a-zA-Z0-9.?]+)(>)',
+             bygroups(Punctuation, Keyword.Type, Punctuation)),
+            (r'!=|==|<<|>>|[-~+/*%=<>&^|.?]', Operator),
+            (r'(from)(\d+)(<=)(\s+)(<)(\d+)(:)',
+             bygroups(Keyword, Number.Integer, Operator, Name, Operator,
+                      Name, Punctuation)),
+            include('keywords'),
+            (r'(def|property)(\s+)', bygroups(Keyword, Text), 'funcname'),
+            (r'(cp?def)(\s+)', bygroups(Keyword, Text), 'cdef'),
+            # (should actually start a block with only cdefs)
+            (r'(cdef)(:)', bygroups(Keyword, Punctuation)),
+            (r'(class|struct)(\s+)', bygroups(Keyword, Text), 'classname'),
+            (r'(from)(\s+)', bygroups(Keyword, Text), 'fromimport'),
+            (r'(c?import)(\s+)', bygroups(Keyword, Text), 'import'),
+            include('builtins'),
+            include('backtick'),
+            ('(?:[rR]|[uU][rR]|[rR][uU])"""', String, 'tdqs'),
+            ("(?:[rR]|[uU][rR]|[rR][uU])'''", String, 'tsqs'),
+            ('(?:[rR]|[uU][rR]|[rR][uU])"', String, 'dqs'),
+            ("(?:[rR]|[uU][rR]|[rR][uU])'", String, 'sqs'),
+            ('[uU]?"""', String, combined('stringescape', 'tdqs')),
+            ("[uU]?'''", String, combined('stringescape', 'tsqs')),
+            ('[uU]?"', String, combined('stringescape', 'dqs')),
+            ("[uU]?'", String, combined('stringescape', 'sqs')),
+            include('name'),
+            include('numbers'),
+        ],
+        'keywords': [
+            (words((
+                'assert', 'async', 'await', 'break', 'by', 'continue', 'ctypedef', 'del', 'elif',
+                'else', 'except', 'except?', 'exec', 'finally', 'for', 'fused', 'gil',
+                'global', 'if', 'include', 'lambda', 'nogil', 'pass', 'print',
+                'raise', 'return', 'try', 'while', 'yield', 'as', 'with'), suffix=r'\b'),
+             Keyword),
+            (r'(DEF|IF|ELIF|ELSE)\b', Comment.Preproc),
+        ],
+        'builtins': [
+            (words((
+                '__import__', 'abs', 'all', 'any', 'apply', 'basestring', 'bin', 'bint',
+                'bool', 'buffer', 'bytearray', 'bytes', 'callable', 'chr',
+                'classmethod', 'cmp', 'coerce', 'compile', 'complex', 'delattr',
+                'dict', 'dir', 'divmod', 'enumerate', 'eval', 'execfile', 'exit',
+                'file', 'filter', 'float', 'frozenset', 'getattr', 'globals',
+                'hasattr', 'hash', 'hex', 'id', 'input', 'int', 'intern', 'isinstance',
+                'issubclass', 'iter', 'len', 'list', 'locals', 'long', 'map', 'max',
+                'min', 'next', 'object', 'oct', 'open', 'ord', 'pow', 'property', 'Py_ssize_t',
+                'range', 'raw_input', 'reduce', 'reload', 'repr', 'reversed',
+                'round', 'set', 'setattr', 'slice', 'sorted', 'staticmethod',
+                'str', 'sum', 'super', 'tuple', 'type', 'unichr', 'unicode', 'unsigned',
+                'vars', 'xrange', 'zip'), prefix=r'(?<!\.)', suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Builtin),
+            (r'(?<!\.)(self|None|Ellipsis|NotImplemented|False|True|NULL'
+             r')\b', Name.Builtin.Pseudo),
+            (words((
+                'ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError',
+                'BaseException', 'DeprecationWarning', 'EOFError', 'EnvironmentError',
+                'Exception', 'FloatingPointError', 'FutureWarning', 'GeneratorExit',
+                'IOError', 'ImportError', 'ImportWarning', 'IndentationError',
+                'IndexError', 'KeyError', 'KeyboardInterrupt', 'LookupError',
+                'MemoryError', 'NameError', 'NotImplemented', 'NotImplementedError',
+                'OSError', 'OverflowError', 'OverflowWarning',
+                'PendingDeprecationWarning', 'ReferenceError', 'RuntimeError',
+                'RuntimeWarning', 'StandardError', 'StopIteration', 'SyntaxError',
+                'SyntaxWarning', 'SystemError', 'SystemExit', 'TabError',
+                'TypeError', 'UnboundLocalError', 'UnicodeDecodeError',
+                'UnicodeEncodeError', 'UnicodeError', 'UnicodeTranslateError',
+                'UnicodeWarning', 'UserWarning', 'ValueError', 'Warning',
+                'ZeroDivisionError'), prefix=r'(?<!\.)', suffix=r'\b'),
+             Name.Exception),
+        ],
+        'numbers': [
+            (r'(\d+\.?\d*|\d*\.\d+)([eE][+-]?[0-9]+)?', Number.Float),
+            (r'0\d+', Number.Oct),
+            (r'0[xX][a-fA-F0-9]+', Number.Hex),
+            (r'\d+L', Number.Integer.Long),
+            (r'\d+', Number.Integer)
+        ],
+        'backtick': [
+            ('`.*?`', String.Backtick),
+        ],
+        'name': [
+            (r'@\w+', Name.Decorator),
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_]\w*', Name),
+        ],
+        'funcname': [
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_]\w*', Name.Function, '#pop')
+        ],
+        'cdef': [
+            (r'(public|readonly|extern|api|inline)\b', Keyword.Reserved),
+            (r'(struct|enum|union|class)\b', Keyword),
+            (r'([a-zA-Z_]\w*)(\s*)(?=[(:#=]|$)',
+             bygroups(Name.Function, Text), '#pop'),
+            (r'([a-zA-Z_]\w*)(\s*)(,)',
+             bygroups(Name.Function, Text, Punctuation)),
+            (r'from\b', Keyword, '#pop'),
+            (r'as\b', Keyword),
+            (r':', Punctuation, '#pop'),
+            (r'(?=["\'])', Text, '#pop'),
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_]\w*', Keyword.Type),
+            (r'.', Text),
+        ],
+        'classname': [
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_]\w*', Name.Class, '#pop')
+        ],
+        'import': [
+            (r'(\s+)(as)(\s+)', bygroups(Text, Keyword, Text)),
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_][\w.]*', Name.Namespace),
+            (r'(\s*)(,)(\s*)', bygroups(Text, Operator, Text)),
+            default('#pop')  # all else: go back
+        ],
+        'fromimport': [
+            (r'(\s+)(c?import)\b', bygroups(Text, Keyword), '#pop'),
+            (r'[a-zA-Z_.][\w.]*', Name.Namespace),
+            # ``cdef foo from "header"``, or ``for foo from 0 < i < 10``
+            default('#pop'),
+        ],
+        'stringescape': [
+            (r'\\([\\abfnrtv"\']|\n|N\{.*?\}|u[a-fA-F0-9]{4}|'
+             r'U[a-fA-F0-9]{8}|x[a-fA-F0-9]{2}|[0-7]{1,3})', String.Escape)
+        ],
+        'strings': [
+            (r'%(\([a-zA-Z0-9]+\))?[-#0 +]*([0-9]+|[*])?(\.([0-9]+|[*]))?'
+             '[hlL]?[E-GXc-giorsux%]', String.Interpol),
+            (r'[^\\\'"%\n]+', String),
+            # quotes, percents and backslashes must be parsed one at a time
+            (r'[\'"\\]', String),
+            # unhandled string formatting sign
+            (r'%', String)
+            # newlines are an error (use "nl" state)
+        ],
+        'nl': [
+            (r'\n', String)
+        ],
+        'dqs': [
+            (r'"', String, '#pop'),
+            (r'\\\\|\\"|\\\n', String.Escape),  # included here again for raw strings
+            include('strings')
+        ],
+        'sqs': [
+            (r"'", String, '#pop'),
+            (r"\\\\|\\'|\\\n", String.Escape),  # included here again for raw strings
+            include('strings')
+        ],
+        'tdqs': [
+            (r'"""', String, '#pop'),
+            include('strings'),
+            include('nl')
+        ],
+        'tsqs': [
+            (r"'''", String, '#pop'),
+            include('strings'),
+            include('nl')
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+class DgLexer(RegexLexer):
+    """
+    Lexer for `dg <http://pyos.github.com/dg>`_,
+    a functional and object-oriented programming language
+    running on the CPython 3 VM.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.6
+    """
+    name = 'dg'
+    aliases = ['dg']
+    filenames = ['*.dg']
+    mimetypes = ['text/x-dg']
+
+    tokens = {
+        'root': [
+            (r'\s+', Text),
+            (r'#.*?$', Comment.Single),
+
+            (r'(?i)0b[01]+', Number.Bin),
+            (r'(?i)0o[0-7]+', Number.Oct),
+            (r'(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+', Number.Hex),
+            (r'(?i)[+-]?[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(e[+-]?[0-9]+)?j?', Number.Float),
+            (r'(?i)[+-]?[0-9]+e[+-]?\d+j?', Number.Float),
+            (r'(?i)[+-]?[0-9]+j?', Number.Integer),
+
+            (r"(?i)(br|r?b?)'''", String, combined('stringescape', 'tsqs', 'string')),
+            (r'(?i)(br|r?b?)"""', String, combined('stringescape', 'tdqs', 'string')),
+            (r"(?i)(br|r?b?)'", String, combined('stringescape', 'sqs', 'string')),
+            (r'(?i)(br|r?b?)"', String, combined('stringescape', 'dqs', 'string')),
+
+            (r"`\w+'*`", Operator),
+            (r'\b(and|in|is|or|where)\b', Operator.Word),
+            (r'[!$%&*+\-./:<-@\\^|~;,]+', Operator),
+
+            (words((
+                'bool', 'bytearray', 'bytes', 'classmethod', 'complex', 'dict', 'dict\'',
+                'float', 'frozenset', 'int', 'list', 'list\'', 'memoryview', 'object',
+                'property', 'range', 'set', 'set\'', 'slice', 'staticmethod', 'str',
+                'super', 'tuple', 'tuple\'', 'type'),
+                   prefix=r'(?<!\.)', suffix=r'(?![\'\w])'),
+             Name.Builtin),
+            (words((
+                '__import__', 'abs', 'all', 'any', 'bin', 'bind', 'chr', 'cmp', 'compile',
+                'complex', 'delattr', 'dir', 'divmod', 'drop', 'dropwhile', 'enumerate',
+                'eval', 'exhaust', 'filter', 'flip', 'foldl1?', 'format', 'fst',
+                'getattr', 'globals', 'hasattr', 'hash', 'head', 'hex', 'id', 'init',
+                'input', 'isinstance', 'issubclass', 'iter', 'iterate', 'last', 'len',
+                'locals', 'map', 'max', 'min', 'next', 'oct', 'open', 'ord', 'pow',
+                'print', 'repr', 'reversed', 'round', 'setattr', 'scanl1?', 'snd',
+                'sorted', 'sum', 'tail', 'take', 'takewhile', 'vars', 'zip'),
+                   prefix=r'(?<!\.)', suffix=r'(?![\'\w])'),
+             Name.Builtin),
+            (r"(?<!\.)(self|Ellipsis|NotImplemented|None|True|False)(?!['\w])",
+             Name.Builtin.Pseudo),
+
+            (r"(?<!\.)[A-Z]\w*(Error|Exception|Warning)'*(?!['\w])",
+             Name.Exception),
+            (r"(?<!\.)(Exception|GeneratorExit|KeyboardInterrupt|StopIteration|"
+             r"SystemExit)(?!['\w])", Name.Exception),
+
+            (r"(?<![\w.])(except|finally|for|if|import|not|otherwise|raise|"
+             r"subclass|while|with|yield)(?!['\w])", Keyword.Reserved),
+
+            (r"[A-Z_]+'*(?!['\w])", Name),
+            (r"[A-Z]\w+'*(?!['\w])", Keyword.Type),
+            (r"\w+'*", Name),
+
+            (r'[()]', Punctuation),
+            (r'.', Error),
+        ],
+        'stringescape': [
+            (r'\\([\\abfnrtv"\']|\n|N\{.*?\}|u[a-fA-F0-9]{4}|'
+             r'U[a-fA-F0-9]{8}|x[a-fA-F0-9]{2}|[0-7]{1,3})', String.Escape)
+        ],
+        'string': [
+            (r'%(\(\w+\))?[-#0 +]*([0-9]+|[*])?(\.([0-9]+|[*]))?'
+             '[hlL]?[E-GXc-giorsux%]', String.Interpol),
+            (r'[^\\\'"%\n]+', String),
+            # quotes, percents and backslashes must be parsed one at a time
+            (r'[\'"\\]', String),
+            # unhandled string formatting sign
+            (r'%', String),
+            (r'\n', String)
+        ],
+        'dqs': [
+            (r'"', String, '#pop')
+        ],
+        'sqs': [
+            (r"'", String, '#pop')
+        ],
+        'tdqs': [
+            (r'"""', String, '#pop')
+        ],
+        'tsqs': [
+            (r"'''", String, '#pop')
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+class NumPyLexer(PythonLexer):
+    """
+    A Python lexer recognizing Numerical Python builtins.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.10
+    """
+
+    name = 'NumPy'
+    aliases = ['numpy']
+
+    # override the mimetypes to not inherit them from python
+    mimetypes = []
+    filenames = []
+
+    EXTRA_KEYWORDS = {
+        'abs', 'absolute', 'accumulate', 'add', 'alen', 'all', 'allclose',
+        'alltrue', 'alterdot', 'amax', 'amin', 'angle', 'any', 'append',
+        'apply_along_axis', 'apply_over_axes', 'arange', 'arccos', 'arccosh',
+        'arcsin', 'arcsinh', 'arctan', 'arctan2', 'arctanh', 'argmax', 'argmin',
+        'argsort', 'argwhere', 'around', 'array', 'array2string', 'array_equal',
+        'array_equiv', 'array_repr', 'array_split', 'array_str', 'arrayrange',
+        'asanyarray', 'asarray', 'asarray_chkfinite', 'ascontiguousarray',
+        'asfarray', 'asfortranarray', 'asmatrix', 'asscalar', 'astype',
+        'atleast_1d', 'atleast_2d', 'atleast_3d', 'average', 'bartlett',
+        'base_repr', 'beta', 'binary_repr', 'bincount', 'binomial',
+        'bitwise_and', 'bitwise_not', 'bitwise_or', 'bitwise_xor', 'blackman',
+        'bmat', 'broadcast', 'byte_bounds', 'bytes', 'byteswap', 'c_',
+        'can_cast', 'ceil', 'choose', 'clip', 'column_stack', 'common_type',
+        'compare_chararrays', 'compress', 'concatenate', 'conj', 'conjugate',
+        'convolve', 'copy', 'corrcoef', 'correlate', 'cos', 'cosh', 'cov',
+        'cross', 'cumprod', 'cumproduct', 'cumsum', 'delete', 'deprecate',
+        'diag', 'diagflat', 'diagonal', 'diff', 'digitize', 'disp', 'divide',
+        'dot', 'dsplit', 'dstack', 'dtype', 'dump', 'dumps', 'ediff1d', 'empty',
+        'empty_like', 'equal', 'exp', 'expand_dims', 'expm1', 'extract', 'eye',
+        'fabs', 'fastCopyAndTranspose', 'fft', 'fftfreq', 'fftshift', 'fill',
+        'finfo', 'fix', 'flat', 'flatnonzero', 'flatten', 'fliplr', 'flipud',
+        'floor', 'floor_divide', 'fmod', 'frexp', 'fromarrays', 'frombuffer',
+        'fromfile', 'fromfunction', 'fromiter', 'frompyfunc', 'fromstring',
+        'generic', 'get_array_wrap', 'get_include', 'get_numarray_include',
+        'get_numpy_include', 'get_printoptions', 'getbuffer', 'getbufsize',
+        'geterr', 'geterrcall', 'geterrobj', 'getfield', 'gradient', 'greater',
+        'greater_equal', 'gumbel', 'hamming', 'hanning', 'histogram',
+        'histogram2d', 'histogramdd', 'hsplit', 'hstack', 'hypot', 'i0',
+        'identity', 'ifft', 'imag', 'index_exp', 'indices', 'inf', 'info',
+        'inner', 'insert', 'int_asbuffer', 'interp', 'intersect1d',
+        'intersect1d_nu', 'inv', 'invert', 'iscomplex', 'iscomplexobj',
+        'isfinite', 'isfortran', 'isinf', 'isnan', 'isneginf', 'isposinf',
+        'isreal', 'isrealobj', 'isscalar', 'issctype', 'issubclass_',
+        'issubdtype', 'issubsctype', 'item', 'itemset', 'iterable', 'ix_',
+        'kaiser', 'kron', 'ldexp', 'left_shift', 'less', 'less_equal', 'lexsort',
+        'linspace', 'load', 'loads', 'loadtxt', 'log', 'log10', 'log1p', 'log2',
+        'logical_and', 'logical_not', 'logical_or', 'logical_xor', 'logspace',
+        'lstsq', 'mat', 'matrix', 'max', 'maximum', 'maximum_sctype',
+        'may_share_memory', 'mean', 'median', 'meshgrid', 'mgrid', 'min',
+        'minimum', 'mintypecode', 'mod', 'modf', 'msort', 'multiply', 'nan',
+        'nan_to_num', 'nanargmax', 'nanargmin', 'nanmax', 'nanmin', 'nansum',
+        'ndenumerate', 'ndim', 'ndindex', 'negative', 'newaxis', 'newbuffer',
+        'newbyteorder', 'nonzero', 'not_equal', 'obj2sctype', 'ogrid', 'ones',
+        'ones_like', 'outer', 'permutation', 'piecewise', 'pinv', 'pkgload',
+        'place', 'poisson', 'poly', 'poly1d', 'polyadd', 'polyder', 'polydiv',
+        'polyfit', 'polyint', 'polymul', 'polysub', 'polyval', 'power', 'prod',
+        'product', 'ptp', 'put', 'putmask', 'r_', 'randint', 'random_integers',
+        'random_sample', 'ranf', 'rank', 'ravel', 'real', 'real_if_close',
+        'recarray', 'reciprocal', 'reduce', 'remainder', 'repeat', 'require',
+        'reshape', 'resize', 'restoredot', 'right_shift', 'rint', 'roll',
+        'rollaxis', 'roots', 'rot90', 'round', 'round_', 'row_stack', 's_',
+        'sample', 'savetxt', 'sctype2char', 'searchsorted', 'seed', 'select',
+        'set_numeric_ops', 'set_printoptions', 'set_string_function',
+        'setbufsize', 'setdiff1d', 'seterr', 'seterrcall', 'seterrobj',
+        'setfield', 'setflags', 'setmember1d', 'setxor1d', 'shape',
+        'show_config', 'shuffle', 'sign', 'signbit', 'sin', 'sinc', 'sinh',
+        'size', 'slice', 'solve', 'sometrue', 'sort', 'sort_complex', 'source',
+        'split', 'sqrt', 'square', 'squeeze', 'standard_normal', 'std',
+        'subtract', 'sum', 'svd', 'swapaxes', 'take', 'tan', 'tanh', 'tensordot',
+        'test', 'tile', 'tofile', 'tolist', 'tostring', 'trace', 'transpose',
+        'trapz', 'tri', 'tril', 'trim_zeros', 'triu', 'true_divide', 'typeDict',
+        'typename', 'uniform', 'union1d', 'unique', 'unique1d', 'unravel_index',
+        'unwrap', 'vander', 'var', 'vdot', 'vectorize', 'view', 'vonmises',
+        'vsplit', 'vstack', 'weibull', 'where', 'who', 'zeros', 'zeros_like'
+    }
+
+    def get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text):
+        for index, token, value in \
+                PythonLexer.get_tokens_unprocessed(self, text):
+            if token is Name and value in self.EXTRA_KEYWORDS:
+                yield index, Keyword.Pseudo, value
+            else:
+                yield index, token, value
+
+    def analyse_text(text):
+        ltext = text[:1000]
+        return (shebang_matches(text, r'pythonw?(3(\.\d)?)?') or
+                'import ' in ltext) \
+            and ('import numpy' in ltext or 'from numpy import' in ltext)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/modeline.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/modeline.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..047d86d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/modeline.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""
+    pygments.modeline
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    A simple modeline parser (based on pymodeline).
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import re
+
+__all__ = ['get_filetype_from_buffer']
+
+
+modeline_re = re.compile(r'''
+    (?: vi | vim | ex ) (?: [<=>]? \d* )? :
+    .* (?: ft | filetype | syn | syntax ) = ( [^:\s]+ )
+''', re.VERBOSE)
+
+
+def get_filetype_from_line(l):
+    m = modeline_re.search(l)
+    if m:
+        return m.group(1)
+
+
+def get_filetype_from_buffer(buf, max_lines=5):
+    """
+    Scan the buffer for modelines and return filetype if one is found.
+    """
+    lines = buf.splitlines()
+    for l in lines[-1:-max_lines-1:-1]:
+        ret = get_filetype_from_line(l)
+        if ret:
+            return ret
+    for i in range(max_lines, -1, -1):
+        if i < len(lines):
+            ret = get_filetype_from_line(lines[i])
+            if ret:
+                return ret
+
+    return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/plugin.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/plugin.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..958ca21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/plugin.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+"""
+    pygments.plugin
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Pygments setuptools plugin interface. The methods defined
+    here also work if setuptools isn't installed but they just
+    return nothing.
+
+    lexer plugins::
+
+        [pygments.lexers]
+        yourlexer = yourmodule:YourLexer
+
+    formatter plugins::
+
+        [pygments.formatters]
+        yourformatter = yourformatter:YourFormatter
+        /.ext = yourformatter:YourFormatter
+
+    As you can see, you can define extensions for the formatter
+    with a leading slash.
+
+    syntax plugins::
+
+        [pygments.styles]
+        yourstyle = yourstyle:YourStyle
+
+    filter plugin::
+
+        [pygments.filter]
+        yourfilter = yourfilter:YourFilter
+
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+LEXER_ENTRY_POINT = 'pygments.lexers'
+FORMATTER_ENTRY_POINT = 'pygments.formatters'
+STYLE_ENTRY_POINT = 'pygments.styles'
+FILTER_ENTRY_POINT = 'pygments.filters'
+
+
+def iter_entry_points(group_name):
+    try:
+        from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
+    except (ImportError, OSError):
+        return []
+
+    return pkg_resources.iter_entry_points(group_name)
+
+
+def find_plugin_lexers():
+    for entrypoint in iter_entry_points(LEXER_ENTRY_POINT):
+        yield entrypoint.load()
+
+
+def find_plugin_formatters():
+    for entrypoint in iter_entry_points(FORMATTER_ENTRY_POINT):
+        yield entrypoint.name, entrypoint.load()
+
+
+def find_plugin_styles():
+    for entrypoint in iter_entry_points(STYLE_ENTRY_POINT):
+        yield entrypoint.name, entrypoint.load()
+
+
+def find_plugin_filters():
+    for entrypoint in iter_entry_points(FILTER_ENTRY_POINT):
+        yield entrypoint.name, entrypoint.load()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/regexopt.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/regexopt.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb2c8e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/regexopt.py
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+"""
+    pygments.regexopt
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    An algorithm that generates optimized regexes for matching long lists of
+    literal strings.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import re
+from re import escape
+from os.path import commonprefix
+from itertools import groupby
+from operator import itemgetter
+
+CS_ESCAPE = re.compile(r'[\[\^\\\-\]]')
+FIRST_ELEMENT = itemgetter(0)
+
+
+def make_charset(letters):
+    return '[' + CS_ESCAPE.sub(lambda m: '\\' + m.group(), ''.join(letters)) + ']'
+
+
+def regex_opt_inner(strings, open_paren):
+    """Return a regex that matches any string in the sorted list of strings."""
+    close_paren = open_paren and ')' or ''
+    # print strings, repr(open_paren)
+    if not strings:
+        # print '-> nothing left'
+        return ''
+    first = strings[0]
+    if len(strings) == 1:
+        # print '-> only 1 string'
+        return open_paren + escape(first) + close_paren
+    if not first:
+        # print '-> first string empty'
+        return open_paren + regex_opt_inner(strings[1:], '(?:') \
+            + '?' + close_paren
+    if len(first) == 1:
+        # multiple one-char strings? make a charset
+        oneletter = []
+        rest = []
+        for s in strings:
+            if len(s) == 1:
+                oneletter.append(s)
+            else:
+                rest.append(s)
+        if len(oneletter) > 1:  # do we have more than one oneletter string?
+            if rest:
+                # print '-> 1-character + rest'
+                return open_paren + regex_opt_inner(rest, '') + '|' \
+                    + make_charset(oneletter) + close_paren
+            # print '-> only 1-character'
+            return open_paren + make_charset(oneletter) + close_paren
+    prefix = commonprefix(strings)
+    if prefix:
+        plen = len(prefix)
+        # we have a prefix for all strings
+        # print '-> prefix:', prefix
+        return open_paren + escape(prefix) \
+            + regex_opt_inner([s[plen:] for s in strings], '(?:') \
+            + close_paren
+    # is there a suffix?
+    strings_rev = [s[::-1] for s in strings]
+    suffix = commonprefix(strings_rev)
+    if suffix:
+        slen = len(suffix)
+        # print '-> suffix:', suffix[::-1]
+        return open_paren \
+            + regex_opt_inner(sorted(s[:-slen] for s in strings), '(?:') \
+            + escape(suffix[::-1]) + close_paren
+    # recurse on common 1-string prefixes
+    # print '-> last resort'
+    return open_paren + \
+        '|'.join(regex_opt_inner(list(group[1]), '')
+                 for group in groupby(strings, lambda s: s[0] == first[0])) \
+        + close_paren
+
+
+def regex_opt(strings, prefix='', suffix=''):
+    """Return a compiled regex that matches any string in the given list.
+
+    The strings to match must be literal strings, not regexes.  They will be
+    regex-escaped.
+
+    *prefix* and *suffix* are pre- and appended to the final regex.
+    """
+    strings = sorted(strings)
+    return prefix + regex_opt_inner(strings, '(') + suffix
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/scanner.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/scanner.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f32a22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/scanner.py
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+"""
+    pygments.scanner
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    This library implements a regex based scanner. Some languages
+    like Pascal are easy to parse but have some keywords that
+    depend on the context. Because of this it's impossible to lex
+    that just by using a regular expression lexer like the
+    `RegexLexer`.
+
+    Have a look at the `DelphiLexer` to get an idea of how to use
+    this scanner.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+import re
+
+
+class EndOfText(RuntimeError):
+    """
+    Raise if end of text is reached and the user
+    tried to call a match function.
+    """
+
+
+class Scanner:
+    """
+    Simple scanner
+
+    All method patterns are regular expression strings (not
+    compiled expressions!)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, text, flags=0):
+        """
+        :param text:    The text which should be scanned
+        :param flags:   default regular expression flags
+        """
+        self.data = text
+        self.data_length = len(text)
+        self.start_pos = 0
+        self.pos = 0
+        self.flags = flags
+        self.last = None
+        self.match = None
+        self._re_cache = {}
+
+    def eos(self):
+        """`True` if the scanner reached the end of text."""
+        return self.pos >= self.data_length
+    eos = property(eos, eos.__doc__)
+
+    def check(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Apply `pattern` on the current position and return
+        the match object. (Doesn't touch pos). Use this for
+        lookahead.
+        """
+        if self.eos:
+            raise EndOfText()
+        if pattern not in self._re_cache:
+            self._re_cache[pattern] = re.compile(pattern, self.flags)
+        return self._re_cache[pattern].match(self.data, self.pos)
+
+    def test(self, pattern):
+        """Apply a pattern on the current position and check
+        if it patches. Doesn't touch pos.
+        """
+        return self.check(pattern) is not None
+
+    def scan(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Scan the text for the given pattern and update pos/match
+        and related fields. The return value is a boolen that
+        indicates if the pattern matched. The matched value is
+        stored on the instance as ``match``, the last value is
+        stored as ``last``. ``start_pos`` is the position of the
+        pointer before the pattern was matched, ``pos`` is the
+        end position.
+        """
+        if self.eos:
+            raise EndOfText()
+        if pattern not in self._re_cache:
+            self._re_cache[pattern] = re.compile(pattern, self.flags)
+        self.last = self.match
+        m = self._re_cache[pattern].match(self.data, self.pos)
+        if m is None:
+            return False
+        self.start_pos = m.start()
+        self.pos = m.end()
+        self.match = m.group()
+        return True
+
+    def get_char(self):
+        """Scan exactly one char."""
+        self.scan('.')
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<%s %d/%d>' % (
+            self.__class__.__name__,
+            self.pos,
+            self.data_length
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/sphinxext.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/sphinxext.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2412dee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/sphinxext.py
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+"""
+    pygments.sphinxext
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Sphinx extension to generate automatic documentation of lexers,
+    formatters and filters.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import sys
+
+from docutils import nodes
+from docutils.statemachine import ViewList
+from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive
+from sphinx.util.nodes import nested_parse_with_titles
+
+
+MODULEDOC = '''
+.. module:: %s
+
+%s
+%s
+'''
+
+LEXERDOC = '''
+.. class:: %s
+
+    :Short names: %s
+    :Filenames:   %s
+    :MIME types:  %s
+
+    %s
+
+'''
+
+FMTERDOC = '''
+.. class:: %s
+
+    :Short names: %s
+    :Filenames: %s
+
+    %s
+
+'''
+
+FILTERDOC = '''
+.. class:: %s
+
+    :Name: %s
+
+    %s
+
+'''
+
+
+class PygmentsDoc(Directive):
+    """
+    A directive to collect all lexers/formatters/filters and generate
+    autoclass directives for them.
+    """
+    has_content = False
+    required_arguments = 1
+    optional_arguments = 0
+    final_argument_whitespace = False
+    option_spec = {}
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.filenames = set()
+        if self.arguments[0] == 'lexers':
+            out = self.document_lexers()
+        elif self.arguments[0] == 'formatters':
+            out = self.document_formatters()
+        elif self.arguments[0] == 'filters':
+            out = self.document_filters()
+        else:
+            raise Exception('invalid argument for "pygmentsdoc" directive')
+        node = nodes.compound()
+        vl = ViewList(out.split('\n'), source='')
+        nested_parse_with_titles(self.state, vl, node)
+        for fn in self.filenames:
+            self.state.document.settings.record_dependencies.add(fn)
+        return node.children
+
+    def document_lexers(self):
+        from pip._vendor.pygments.lexers._mapping import LEXERS
+        out = []
+        modules = {}
+        moduledocstrings = {}
+        for classname, data in sorted(LEXERS.items(), key=lambda x: x[0]):
+            module = data[0]
+            mod = __import__(module, None, None, [classname])
+            self.filenames.add(mod.__file__)
+            cls = getattr(mod, classname)
+            if not cls.__doc__:
+                print("Warning: %s does not have a docstring." % classname)
+            docstring = cls.__doc__
+            if isinstance(docstring, bytes):
+                docstring = docstring.decode('utf8')
+            modules.setdefault(module, []).append((
+                classname,
+                ', '.join(data[2]) or 'None',
+                ', '.join(data[3]).replace('*', '\\*').replace('_', '\\') or 'None',
+                ', '.join(data[4]) or 'None',
+                docstring))
+            if module not in moduledocstrings:
+                moddoc = mod.__doc__
+                if isinstance(moddoc, bytes):
+                    moddoc = moddoc.decode('utf8')
+                moduledocstrings[module] = moddoc
+
+        for module, lexers in sorted(modules.items(), key=lambda x: x[0]):
+            if moduledocstrings[module] is None:
+                raise Exception("Missing docstring for %s" % (module,))
+            heading = moduledocstrings[module].splitlines()[4].strip().rstrip('.')
+            out.append(MODULEDOC % (module, heading, '-'*len(heading)))
+            for data in lexers:
+                out.append(LEXERDOC % data)
+
+        return ''.join(out)
+
+    def document_formatters(self):
+        from pip._vendor.pygments.formatters import FORMATTERS
+
+        out = []
+        for classname, data in sorted(FORMATTERS.items(), key=lambda x: x[0]):
+            module = data[0]
+            mod = __import__(module, None, None, [classname])
+            self.filenames.add(mod.__file__)
+            cls = getattr(mod, classname)
+            docstring = cls.__doc__
+            if isinstance(docstring, bytes):
+                docstring = docstring.decode('utf8')
+            heading = cls.__name__
+            out.append(FMTERDOC % (heading, ', '.join(data[2]) or 'None',
+                                   ', '.join(data[3]).replace('*', '\\*') or 'None',
+                                   docstring))
+        return ''.join(out)
+
+    def document_filters(self):
+        from pip._vendor.pygments.filters import FILTERS
+
+        out = []
+        for name, cls in FILTERS.items():
+            self.filenames.add(sys.modules[cls.__module__].__file__)
+            docstring = cls.__doc__
+            if isinstance(docstring, bytes):
+                docstring = docstring.decode('utf8')
+            out.append(FILTERDOC % (cls.__name__, name, docstring))
+        return ''.join(out)
+
+
+def setup(app):
+    app.add_directive('pygmentsdoc', PygmentsDoc)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/style.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/style.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b7469c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/style.py
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+"""
+    pygments.style
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Basic style object.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Token, STANDARD_TYPES
+
+# Default mapping of ansixxx to RGB colors.
+_ansimap = {
+    # dark
+    'ansiblack': '000000',
+    'ansired': '7f0000',
+    'ansigreen': '007f00',
+    'ansiyellow': '7f7fe0',
+    'ansiblue': '00007f',
+    'ansimagenta': '7f007f',
+    'ansicyan': '007f7f',
+    'ansigray': 'e5e5e5',
+    # normal
+    'ansibrightblack': '555555',
+    'ansibrightred': 'ff0000',
+    'ansibrightgreen': '00ff00',
+    'ansibrightyellow': 'ffff00',
+    'ansibrightblue': '0000ff',
+    'ansibrightmagenta': 'ff00ff',
+    'ansibrightcyan': '00ffff',
+    'ansiwhite': 'ffffff',
+}
+# mapping of deprecated #ansixxx colors to new color names
+_deprecated_ansicolors = {
+    # dark
+    '#ansiblack': 'ansiblack',
+    '#ansidarkred': 'ansired',
+    '#ansidarkgreen': 'ansigreen',
+    '#ansibrown': 'ansiyellow',
+    '#ansidarkblue': 'ansiblue',
+    '#ansipurple': 'ansimagenta',
+    '#ansiteal': 'ansicyan',
+    '#ansilightgray': 'ansigray',
+    # normal
+    '#ansidarkgray': 'ansibrightblack',
+    '#ansired': 'ansibrightred',
+    '#ansigreen': 'ansibrightgreen',
+    '#ansiyellow': 'ansibrightyellow',
+    '#ansiblue': 'ansibrightblue',
+    '#ansifuchsia': 'ansibrightmagenta',
+    '#ansiturquoise': 'ansibrightcyan',
+    '#ansiwhite': 'ansiwhite',
+}
+ansicolors = set(_ansimap)
+
+
+class StyleMeta(type):
+
+    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, dct):
+        obj = type.__new__(mcs, name, bases, dct)
+        for token in STANDARD_TYPES:
+            if token not in obj.styles:
+                obj.styles[token] = ''
+
+        def colorformat(text):
+            if text in ansicolors:
+                return text
+            if text[0:1] == '#':
+                col = text[1:]
+                if len(col) == 6:
+                    return col
+                elif len(col) == 3:
+                    return col[0] * 2 + col[1] * 2 + col[2] * 2
+            elif text == '':
+                return ''
+            elif text.startswith('var') or text.startswith('calc'):
+                return text
+            assert False, "wrong color format %r" % text
+
+        _styles = obj._styles = {}
+
+        for ttype in obj.styles:
+            for token in ttype.split():
+                if token in _styles:
+                    continue
+                ndef = _styles.get(token.parent, None)
+                styledefs = obj.styles.get(token, '').split()
+                if not ndef or token is None:
+                    ndef = ['', 0, 0, 0, '', '', 0, 0, 0]
+                elif 'noinherit' in styledefs and token is not Token:
+                    ndef = _styles[Token][:]
+                else:
+                    ndef = ndef[:]
+                _styles[token] = ndef
+                for styledef in obj.styles.get(token, '').split():
+                    if styledef == 'noinherit':
+                        pass
+                    elif styledef == 'bold':
+                        ndef[1] = 1
+                    elif styledef == 'nobold':
+                        ndef[1] = 0
+                    elif styledef == 'italic':
+                        ndef[2] = 1
+                    elif styledef == 'noitalic':
+                        ndef[2] = 0
+                    elif styledef == 'underline':
+                        ndef[3] = 1
+                    elif styledef == 'nounderline':
+                        ndef[3] = 0
+                    elif styledef[:3] == 'bg:':
+                        ndef[4] = colorformat(styledef[3:])
+                    elif styledef[:7] == 'border:':
+                        ndef[5] = colorformat(styledef[7:])
+                    elif styledef == 'roman':
+                        ndef[6] = 1
+                    elif styledef == 'sans':
+                        ndef[7] = 1
+                    elif styledef == 'mono':
+                        ndef[8] = 1
+                    else:
+                        ndef[0] = colorformat(styledef)
+
+        return obj
+
+    def style_for_token(cls, token):
+        t = cls._styles[token]
+        ansicolor = bgansicolor = None
+        color = t[0]
+        if color in _deprecated_ansicolors:
+            color = _deprecated_ansicolors[color]
+        if color in ansicolors:
+            ansicolor = color
+            color = _ansimap[color]
+        bgcolor = t[4]
+        if bgcolor in _deprecated_ansicolors:
+            bgcolor = _deprecated_ansicolors[bgcolor]
+        if bgcolor in ansicolors:
+            bgansicolor = bgcolor
+            bgcolor = _ansimap[bgcolor]
+
+        return {
+            'color':        color or None,
+            'bold':         bool(t[1]),
+            'italic':       bool(t[2]),
+            'underline':    bool(t[3]),
+            'bgcolor':      bgcolor or None,
+            'border':       t[5] or None,
+            'roman':        bool(t[6]) or None,
+            'sans':         bool(t[7]) or None,
+            'mono':         bool(t[8]) or None,
+            'ansicolor':    ansicolor,
+            'bgansicolor':  bgansicolor,
+        }
+
+    def list_styles(cls):
+        return list(cls)
+
+    def styles_token(cls, ttype):
+        return ttype in cls._styles
+
+    def __iter__(cls):
+        for token in cls._styles:
+            yield token, cls.style_for_token(token)
+
+    def __len__(cls):
+        return len(cls._styles)
+
+
+class Style(metaclass=StyleMeta):
+
+    #: overall background color (``None`` means transparent)
+    background_color = '#ffffff'
+
+    #: highlight background color
+    highlight_color = '#ffffcc'
+
+    #: line number font color
+    line_number_color = 'inherit'
+
+    #: line number background color
+    line_number_background_color = 'transparent'
+
+    #: special line number font color
+    line_number_special_color = '#000000'
+
+    #: special line number background color
+    line_number_special_background_color = '#ffffc0'
+
+    #: Style definitions for individual token types.
+    styles = {}
+
+    # Attribute for lexers defined within Pygments. If set
+    # to True, the style is not shown in the style gallery
+    # on the website. This is intended for language-specific
+    # styles.
+    web_style_gallery_exclude = False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/styles/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/styles/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e437d17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/styles/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+"""
+    pygments.styles
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Contains built-in styles.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.plugin import find_plugin_styles
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import ClassNotFound
+
+
+#: Maps style names to 'submodule::classname'.
+STYLE_MAP = {
+    'default':  'default::DefaultStyle',
+    'emacs':    'emacs::EmacsStyle',
+    'friendly': 'friendly::FriendlyStyle',
+    'friendly_grayscale': 'friendly_grayscale::FriendlyGrayscaleStyle',
+    'colorful': 'colorful::ColorfulStyle',
+    'autumn':   'autumn::AutumnStyle',
+    'murphy':   'murphy::MurphyStyle',
+    'manni':    'manni::ManniStyle',
+    'material': 'material::MaterialStyle',
+    'monokai':  'monokai::MonokaiStyle',
+    'perldoc':  'perldoc::PerldocStyle',
+    'pastie':   'pastie::PastieStyle',
+    'borland':  'borland::BorlandStyle',
+    'trac':     'trac::TracStyle',
+    'native':   'native::NativeStyle',
+    'fruity':   'fruity::FruityStyle',
+    'bw':       'bw::BlackWhiteStyle',
+    'vim':      'vim::VimStyle',
+    'vs':       'vs::VisualStudioStyle',
+    'tango':    'tango::TangoStyle',
+    'rrt':      'rrt::RrtStyle',
+    'xcode':    'xcode::XcodeStyle',
+    'igor':     'igor::IgorStyle',
+    'paraiso-light': 'paraiso_light::ParaisoLightStyle',
+    'paraiso-dark': 'paraiso_dark::ParaisoDarkStyle',
+    'lovelace': 'lovelace::LovelaceStyle',
+    'algol':    'algol::AlgolStyle',
+    'algol_nu': 'algol_nu::Algol_NuStyle',
+    'arduino':  'arduino::ArduinoStyle',
+    'rainbow_dash': 'rainbow_dash::RainbowDashStyle',
+    'abap':     'abap::AbapStyle',
+    'solarized-dark': 'solarized::SolarizedDarkStyle',
+    'solarized-light': 'solarized::SolarizedLightStyle',
+    'sas':         'sas::SasStyle',
+    'stata':       'stata_light::StataLightStyle',
+    'stata-light': 'stata_light::StataLightStyle',
+    'stata-dark':  'stata_dark::StataDarkStyle',
+    'inkpot':      'inkpot::InkPotStyle',
+    'zenburn': 'zenburn::ZenburnStyle',
+    'gruvbox-dark': 'gruvbox::GruvboxDarkStyle',
+    'gruvbox-light': 'gruvbox::GruvboxLightStyle',
+    'dracula': 'dracula::DraculaStyle',
+    'one-dark': 'onedark::OneDarkStyle',
+    'lilypond' : 'lilypond::LilyPondStyle',
+}
+
+
+def get_style_by_name(name):
+    if name in STYLE_MAP:
+        mod, cls = STYLE_MAP[name].split('::')
+        builtin = "yes"
+    else:
+        for found_name, style in find_plugin_styles():
+            if name == found_name:
+                return style
+        # perhaps it got dropped into our styles package
+        builtin = ""
+        mod = name
+        cls = name.title() + "Style"
+
+    try:
+        mod = __import__('pygments.styles.' + mod, None, None, [cls])
+    except ImportError:
+        raise ClassNotFound("Could not find style module %r" % mod +
+                         (builtin and ", though it should be builtin") + ".")
+    try:
+        return getattr(mod, cls)
+    except AttributeError:
+        raise ClassNotFound("Could not find style class %r in style module." % cls)
+
+
+def get_all_styles():
+    """Return a generator for all styles by name,
+    both builtin and plugin."""
+    yield from STYLE_MAP
+    for name, _ in find_plugin_styles():
+        yield name
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/token.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/token.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9013acb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/token.py
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+"""
+    pygments.token
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Basic token types and the standard tokens.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+
+class _TokenType(tuple):
+    parent = None
+
+    def split(self):
+        buf = []
+        node = self
+        while node is not None:
+            buf.append(node)
+            node = node.parent
+        buf.reverse()
+        return buf
+
+    def __init__(self, *args):
+        # no need to call super.__init__
+        self.subtypes = set()
+
+    def __contains__(self, val):
+        return self is val or (
+            type(val) is self.__class__ and
+            val[:len(self)] == self
+        )
+
+    def __getattr__(self, val):
+        if not val or not val[0].isupper():
+            return tuple.__getattribute__(self, val)
+        new = _TokenType(self + (val,))
+        setattr(self, val, new)
+        self.subtypes.add(new)
+        new.parent = self
+        return new
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'Token' + (self and '.' or '') + '.'.join(self)
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        # These instances are supposed to be singletons
+        return self
+
+    def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
+        # These instances are supposed to be singletons
+        return self
+
+
+Token = _TokenType()
+
+# Special token types
+Text = Token.Text
+Whitespace = Text.Whitespace
+Escape = Token.Escape
+Error = Token.Error
+# Text that doesn't belong to this lexer (e.g. HTML in PHP)
+Other = Token.Other
+
+# Common token types for source code
+Keyword = Token.Keyword
+Name = Token.Name
+Literal = Token.Literal
+String = Literal.String
+Number = Literal.Number
+Punctuation = Token.Punctuation
+Operator = Token.Operator
+Comment = Token.Comment
+
+# Generic types for non-source code
+Generic = Token.Generic
+
+# String and some others are not direct children of Token.
+# alias them:
+Token.Token = Token
+Token.String = String
+Token.Number = Number
+
+
+def is_token_subtype(ttype, other):
+    """
+    Return True if ``ttype`` is a subtype of ``other``.
+
+    exists for backwards compatibility. use ``ttype in other`` now.
+    """
+    return ttype in other
+
+
+def string_to_tokentype(s):
+    """
+    Convert a string into a token type::
+
+        >>> string_to_token('String.Double')
+        Token.Literal.String.Double
+        >>> string_to_token('Token.Literal.Number')
+        Token.Literal.Number
+        >>> string_to_token('')
+        Token
+
+    Tokens that are already tokens are returned unchanged:
+
+        >>> string_to_token(String)
+        Token.Literal.String
+    """
+    if isinstance(s, _TokenType):
+        return s
+    if not s:
+        return Token
+    node = Token
+    for item in s.split('.'):
+        node = getattr(node, item)
+    return node
+
+
+# Map standard token types to short names, used in CSS class naming.
+# If you add a new item, please be sure to run this file to perform
+# a consistency check for duplicate values.
+STANDARD_TYPES = {
+    Token:                         '',
+
+    Text:                          '',
+    Whitespace:                    'w',
+    Escape:                        'esc',
+    Error:                         'err',
+    Other:                         'x',
+
+    Keyword:                       'k',
+    Keyword.Constant:              'kc',
+    Keyword.Declaration:           'kd',
+    Keyword.Namespace:             'kn',
+    Keyword.Pseudo:                'kp',
+    Keyword.Reserved:              'kr',
+    Keyword.Type:                  'kt',
+
+    Name:                          'n',
+    Name.Attribute:                'na',
+    Name.Builtin:                  'nb',
+    Name.Builtin.Pseudo:           'bp',
+    Name.Class:                    'nc',
+    Name.Constant:                 'no',
+    Name.Decorator:                'nd',
+    Name.Entity:                   'ni',
+    Name.Exception:                'ne',
+    Name.Function:                 'nf',
+    Name.Function.Magic:           'fm',
+    Name.Property:                 'py',
+    Name.Label:                    'nl',
+    Name.Namespace:                'nn',
+    Name.Other:                    'nx',
+    Name.Tag:                      'nt',
+    Name.Variable:                 'nv',
+    Name.Variable.Class:           'vc',
+    Name.Variable.Global:          'vg',
+    Name.Variable.Instance:        'vi',
+    Name.Variable.Magic:           'vm',
+
+    Literal:                       'l',
+    Literal.Date:                  'ld',
+
+    String:                        's',
+    String.Affix:                  'sa',
+    String.Backtick:               'sb',
+    String.Char:                   'sc',
+    String.Delimiter:              'dl',
+    String.Doc:                    'sd',
+    String.Double:                 's2',
+    String.Escape:                 'se',
+    String.Heredoc:                'sh',
+    String.Interpol:               'si',
+    String.Other:                  'sx',
+    String.Regex:                  'sr',
+    String.Single:                 's1',
+    String.Symbol:                 'ss',
+
+    Number:                        'm',
+    Number.Bin:                    'mb',
+    Number.Float:                  'mf',
+    Number.Hex:                    'mh',
+    Number.Integer:                'mi',
+    Number.Integer.Long:           'il',
+    Number.Oct:                    'mo',
+
+    Operator:                      'o',
+    Operator.Word:                 'ow',
+
+    Punctuation:                   'p',
+
+    Comment:                       'c',
+    Comment.Hashbang:              'ch',
+    Comment.Multiline:             'cm',
+    Comment.Preproc:               'cp',
+    Comment.PreprocFile:           'cpf',
+    Comment.Single:                'c1',
+    Comment.Special:               'cs',
+
+    Generic:                       'g',
+    Generic.Deleted:               'gd',
+    Generic.Emph:                  'ge',
+    Generic.Error:                 'gr',
+    Generic.Heading:               'gh',
+    Generic.Inserted:              'gi',
+    Generic.Output:                'go',
+    Generic.Prompt:                'gp',
+    Generic.Strong:                'gs',
+    Generic.Subheading:            'gu',
+    Generic.Traceback:             'gt',
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/unistring.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/unistring.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2872985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/unistring.py
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+"""
+    pygments.unistring
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Strings of all Unicode characters of a certain category.
+    Used for matching in Unicode-aware languages. Run to regenerate.
+
+    Inspired by chartypes_create.py from the MoinMoin project.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+Cc = '\x00-\x1f\x7f-\x9f'
+
+Cf = '\xad\u0600-\u0605\u061c\u06dd\u070f\u08e2\u180e\u200b-\u200f\u202a-\u202e\u2060-\u2064\u2066-\u206f\ufeff\ufff9-\ufffb\U000110bd\U000110cd\U0001bca0-\U0001bca3\U0001d173-\U0001d17a\U000e0001\U000e0020-\U000e007f'
+
+Cn = '\u0378-\u0379\u0380-\u0383\u038b\u038d\u03a2\u0530\u0557-\u0558\u058b-\u058c\u0590\u05c8-\u05cf\u05eb-\u05ee\u05f5-\u05ff\u061d\u070e\u074b-\u074c\u07b2-\u07bf\u07fb-\u07fc\u082e-\u082f\u083f\u085c-\u085d\u085f\u086b-\u089f\u08b5\u08be-\u08d2\u0984\u098d-\u098e\u0991-\u0992\u09a9\u09b1\u09b3-\u09b5\u09ba-\u09bb\u09c5-\u09c6\u09c9-\u09ca\u09cf-\u09d6\u09d8-\u09db\u09de\u09e4-\u09e5\u09ff-\u0a00\u0a04\u0a0b-\u0a0e\u0a11-\u0a12\u0a29\u0a31\u0a34\u0a37\u0a3a-\u0a3b\u0a3d\u0a43-\u0a46\u0a49-\u0a4a\u0a4e-\u0a50\u0a52-\u0a58\u0a5d\u0a5f-\u0a65\u0a77-\u0a80\u0a84\u0a8e\u0a92\u0aa9\u0ab1\u0ab4\u0aba-\u0abb\u0ac6\u0aca\u0ace-\u0acf\u0ad1-\u0adf\u0ae4-\u0ae5\u0af2-\u0af8\u0b00\u0b04\u0b0d-\u0b0e\u0b11-\u0b12\u0b29\u0b31\u0b34\u0b3a-\u0b3b\u0b45-\u0b46\u0b49-\u0b4a\u0b4e-\u0b55\u0b58-\u0b5b\u0b5e\u0b64-\u0b65\u0b78-\u0b81\u0b84\u0b8b-\u0b8d\u0b91\u0b96-\u0b98\u0b9b\u0b9d\u0ba0-\u0ba2\u0ba5-\u0ba7\u0bab-\u0bad\u0bba-\u0bbd\u0bc3-\u0bc5\u0bc9\u0bce-\u0bcf\u0bd1-\u0bd6\u0bd8-\u0be5\u0bfb-\u0bff\u0c0d\u0c11\u0c29\u0c3a-\u0c3c\u0c45\u0c49\u0c4e-\u0c54\u0c57\u0c5b-\u0c5f\u0c64-\u0c65\u0c70-\u0c77\u0c8d\u0c91\u0ca9\u0cb4\u0cba-\u0cbb\u0cc5\u0cc9\u0cce-\u0cd4\u0cd7-\u0cdd\u0cdf\u0ce4-\u0ce5\u0cf0\u0cf3-\u0cff\u0d04\u0d0d\u0d11\u0d45\u0d49\u0d50-\u0d53\u0d64-\u0d65\u0d80-\u0d81\u0d84\u0d97-\u0d99\u0db2\u0dbc\u0dbe-\u0dbf\u0dc7-\u0dc9\u0dcb-\u0dce\u0dd5\u0dd7\u0de0-\u0de5\u0df0-\u0df1\u0df5-\u0e00\u0e3b-\u0e3e\u0e5c-\u0e80\u0e83\u0e85-\u0e86\u0e89\u0e8b-\u0e8c\u0e8e-\u0e93\u0e98\u0ea0\u0ea4\u0ea6\u0ea8-\u0ea9\u0eac\u0eba\u0ebe-\u0ebf\u0ec5\u0ec7\u0ece-\u0ecf\u0eda-\u0edb\u0ee0-\u0eff\u0f48\u0f6d-\u0f70\u0f98\u0fbd\u0fcd\u0fdb-\u0fff\u10c6\u10c8-\u10cc\u10ce-\u10cf\u1249\u124e-\u124f\u1257\u1259\u125e-\u125f\u1289\u128e-\u128f\u12b1\u12b6-\u12b7\u12bf\u12c1\u12c6-\u12c7\u12d7\u1311\u1316-\u1317\u135b-\u135c\u137d-\u137f\u139a-\u139f\u13f6-\u13f7\u13fe-\u13ff\u169d-\u169f\u16f9-\u16ff\u170d\u1715-\u171f\u1737-\u173f\u1754-\u175f\u176d\u1771\u1774-\u177f\u17de-\u17df\u17ea-\u17ef\u17fa-\u17ff\u180f\u181a-\u181f\u1879-\u187f\u18ab-\u18af\u18f6-\u18ff\u191f\u192c-\u192f\u193c-\u193f\u1941-\u1943\u196e-\u196f\u1975-\u197f\u19ac-\u19af\u19ca-\u19cf\u19db-\u19dd\u1a1c-\u1a1d\u1a5f\u1a7d-\u1a7e\u1a8a-\u1a8f\u1a9a-\u1a9f\u1aae-\u1aaf\u1abf-\u1aff\u1b4c-\u1b4f\u1b7d-\u1b7f\u1bf4-\u1bfb\u1c38-\u1c3a\u1c4a-\u1c4c\u1c89-\u1c8f\u1cbb-\u1cbc\u1cc8-\u1ccf\u1cfa-\u1cff\u1dfa\u1f16-\u1f17\u1f1e-\u1f1f\u1f46-\u1f47\u1f4e-\u1f4f\u1f58\u1f5a\u1f5c\u1f5e\u1f7e-\u1f7f\u1fb5\u1fc5\u1fd4-\u1fd5\u1fdc\u1ff0-\u1ff1\u1ff5\u1fff\u2065\u2072-\u2073\u208f\u209d-\u209f\u20c0-\u20cf\u20f1-\u20ff\u218c-\u218f\u2427-\u243f\u244b-\u245f\u2b74-\u2b75\u2b96-\u2b97\u2bc9\u2bff\u2c2f\u2c5f\u2cf4-\u2cf8\u2d26\u2d28-\u2d2c\u2d2e-\u2d2f\u2d68-\u2d6e\u2d71-\u2d7e\u2d97-\u2d9f\u2da7\u2daf\u2db7\u2dbf\u2dc7\u2dcf\u2dd7\u2ddf\u2e4f-\u2e7f\u2e9a\u2ef4-\u2eff\u2fd6-\u2fef\u2ffc-\u2fff\u3040\u3097-\u3098\u3100-\u3104\u3130\u318f\u31bb-\u31bf\u31e4-\u31ef\u321f\u32ff\u4db6-\u4dbf\u9ff0-\u9fff\ua48d-\ua48f\ua4c7-\ua4cf\ua62c-\ua63f\ua6f8-\ua6ff\ua7ba-\ua7f6\ua82c-\ua82f\ua83a-\ua83f\ua878-\ua87f\ua8c6-\ua8cd\ua8da-\ua8df\ua954-\ua95e\ua97d-\ua97f\ua9ce\ua9da-\ua9dd\ua9ff\uaa37-\uaa3f\uaa4e-\uaa4f\uaa5a-\uaa5b\uaac3-\uaada\uaaf7-\uab00\uab07-\uab08\uab0f-\uab10\uab17-\uab1f\uab27\uab2f\uab66-\uab6f\uabee-\uabef\uabfa-\uabff\ud7a4-\ud7af\ud7c7-\ud7ca\ud7fc-\ud7ff\ufa6e-\ufa6f\ufada-\ufaff\ufb07-\ufb12\ufb18-\ufb1c\ufb37\ufb3d\ufb3f\ufb42\ufb45\ufbc2-\ufbd2\ufd40-\ufd4f\ufd90-\ufd91\ufdc8-\ufdef\ufdfe-\ufdff\ufe1a-\ufe1f\ufe53\ufe67\ufe6c-\ufe6f\ufe75\ufefd-\ufefe\uff00\uffbf-\uffc1\uffc8-\uffc9\uffd0-\uffd1\uffd8-\uffd9\uffdd-\uffdf\uffe7\uffef-\ufff8\ufffe-\uffff\U0001000c\U00010027\U0001003b\U0001003e\U0001004e-\U0001004f\U0001005e-\U0001007f\U000100fb-\U000100ff\U00010103-\U00010106\U00010134-\U00010136\U0001018f\U0001019c-\U0001019f\U000101a1-\U000101cf\U000101fe-\U0001027f\U0001029d-\U0001029f\U000102d1-\U000102df\U000102fc-\U000102ff\U00010324-\U0001032c\U0001034b-\U0001034f\U0001037b-\U0001037f\U0001039e\U000103c4-\U000103c7\U000103d6-\U000103ff\U0001049e-\U0001049f\U000104aa-\U000104af\U000104d4-\U000104d7\U000104fc-\U000104ff\U00010528-\U0001052f\U00010564-\U0001056e\U00010570-\U000105ff\U00010737-\U0001073f\U00010756-\U0001075f\U00010768-\U000107ff\U00010806-\U00010807\U00010809\U00010836\U00010839-\U0001083b\U0001083d-\U0001083e\U00010856\U0001089f-\U000108a6\U000108b0-\U000108df\U000108f3\U000108f6-\U000108fa\U0001091c-\U0001091e\U0001093a-\U0001093e\U00010940-\U0001097f\U000109b8-\U000109bb\U000109d0-\U000109d1\U00010a04\U00010a07-\U00010a0b\U00010a14\U00010a18\U00010a36-\U00010a37\U00010a3b-\U00010a3e\U00010a49-\U00010a4f\U00010a59-\U00010a5f\U00010aa0-\U00010abf\U00010ae7-\U00010aea\U00010af7-\U00010aff\U00010b36-\U00010b38\U00010b56-\U00010b57\U00010b73-\U00010b77\U00010b92-\U00010b98\U00010b9d-\U00010ba8\U00010bb0-\U00010bff\U00010c49-\U00010c7f\U00010cb3-\U00010cbf\U00010cf3-\U00010cf9\U00010d28-\U00010d2f\U00010d3a-\U00010e5f\U00010e7f-\U00010eff\U00010f28-\U00010f2f\U00010f5a-\U00010fff\U0001104e-\U00011051\U00011070-\U0001107e\U000110c2-\U000110cc\U000110ce-\U000110cf\U000110e9-\U000110ef\U000110fa-\U000110ff\U00011135\U00011147-\U0001114f\U00011177-\U0001117f\U000111ce-\U000111cf\U000111e0\U000111f5-\U000111ff\U00011212\U0001123f-\U0001127f\U00011287\U00011289\U0001128e\U0001129e\U000112aa-\U000112af\U000112eb-\U000112ef\U000112fa-\U000112ff\U00011304\U0001130d-\U0001130e\U00011311-\U00011312\U00011329\U00011331\U00011334\U0001133a\U00011345-\U00011346\U00011349-\U0001134a\U0001134e-\U0001134f\U00011351-\U00011356\U00011358-\U0001135c\U00011364-\U00011365\U0001136d-\U0001136f\U00011375-\U000113ff\U0001145a\U0001145c\U0001145f-\U0001147f\U000114c8-\U000114cf\U000114da-\U0001157f\U000115b6-\U000115b7\U000115de-\U000115ff\U00011645-\U0001164f\U0001165a-\U0001165f\U0001166d-\U0001167f\U000116b8-\U000116bf\U000116ca-\U000116ff\U0001171b-\U0001171c\U0001172c-\U0001172f\U00011740-\U000117ff\U0001183c-\U0001189f\U000118f3-\U000118fe\U00011900-\U000119ff\U00011a48-\U00011a4f\U00011a84-\U00011a85\U00011aa3-\U00011abf\U00011af9-\U00011bff\U00011c09\U00011c37\U00011c46-\U00011c4f\U00011c6d-\U00011c6f\U00011c90-\U00011c91\U00011ca8\U00011cb7-\U00011cff\U00011d07\U00011d0a\U00011d37-\U00011d39\U00011d3b\U00011d3e\U00011d48-\U00011d4f\U00011d5a-\U00011d5f\U00011d66\U00011d69\U00011d8f\U00011d92\U00011d99-\U00011d9f\U00011daa-\U00011edf\U00011ef9-\U00011fff\U0001239a-\U000123ff\U0001246f\U00012475-\U0001247f\U00012544-\U00012fff\U0001342f-\U000143ff\U00014647-\U000167ff\U00016a39-\U00016a3f\U00016a5f\U00016a6a-\U00016a6d\U00016a70-\U00016acf\U00016aee-\U00016aef\U00016af6-\U00016aff\U00016b46-\U00016b4f\U00016b5a\U00016b62\U00016b78-\U00016b7c\U00016b90-\U00016e3f\U00016e9b-\U00016eff\U00016f45-\U00016f4f\U00016f7f-\U00016f8e\U00016fa0-\U00016fdf\U00016fe2-\U00016fff\U000187f2-\U000187ff\U00018af3-\U0001afff\U0001b11f-\U0001b16f\U0001b2fc-\U0001bbff\U0001bc6b-\U0001bc6f\U0001bc7d-\U0001bc7f\U0001bc89-\U0001bc8f\U0001bc9a-\U0001bc9b\U0001bca4-\U0001cfff\U0001d0f6-\U0001d0ff\U0001d127-\U0001d128\U0001d1e9-\U0001d1ff\U0001d246-\U0001d2df\U0001d2f4-\U0001d2ff\U0001d357-\U0001d35f\U0001d379-\U0001d3ff\U0001d455\U0001d49d\U0001d4a0-\U0001d4a1\U0001d4a3-\U0001d4a4\U0001d4a7-\U0001d4a8\U0001d4ad\U0001d4ba\U0001d4bc\U0001d4c4\U0001d506\U0001d50b-\U0001d50c\U0001d515\U0001d51d\U0001d53a\U0001d53f\U0001d545\U0001d547-\U0001d549\U0001d551\U0001d6a6-\U0001d6a7\U0001d7cc-\U0001d7cd\U0001da8c-\U0001da9a\U0001daa0\U0001dab0-\U0001dfff\U0001e007\U0001e019-\U0001e01a\U0001e022\U0001e025\U0001e02b-\U0001e7ff\U0001e8c5-\U0001e8c6\U0001e8d7-\U0001e8ff\U0001e94b-\U0001e94f\U0001e95a-\U0001e95d\U0001e960-\U0001ec70\U0001ecb5-\U0001edff\U0001ee04\U0001ee20\U0001ee23\U0001ee25-\U0001ee26\U0001ee28\U0001ee33\U0001ee38\U0001ee3a\U0001ee3c-\U0001ee41\U0001ee43-\U0001ee46\U0001ee48\U0001ee4a\U0001ee4c\U0001ee50\U0001ee53\U0001ee55-\U0001ee56\U0001ee58\U0001ee5a\U0001ee5c\U0001ee5e\U0001ee60\U0001ee63\U0001ee65-\U0001ee66\U0001ee6b\U0001ee73\U0001ee78\U0001ee7d\U0001ee7f\U0001ee8a\U0001ee9c-\U0001eea0\U0001eea4\U0001eeaa\U0001eebc-\U0001eeef\U0001eef2-\U0001efff\U0001f02c-\U0001f02f\U0001f094-\U0001f09f\U0001f0af-\U0001f0b0\U0001f0c0\U0001f0d0\U0001f0f6-\U0001f0ff\U0001f10d-\U0001f10f\U0001f16c-\U0001f16f\U0001f1ad-\U0001f1e5\U0001f203-\U0001f20f\U0001f23c-\U0001f23f\U0001f249-\U0001f24f\U0001f252-\U0001f25f\U0001f266-\U0001f2ff\U0001f6d5-\U0001f6df\U0001f6ed-\U0001f6ef\U0001f6fa-\U0001f6ff\U0001f774-\U0001f77f\U0001f7d9-\U0001f7ff\U0001f80c-\U0001f80f\U0001f848-\U0001f84f\U0001f85a-\U0001f85f\U0001f888-\U0001f88f\U0001f8ae-\U0001f8ff\U0001f90c-\U0001f90f\U0001f93f\U0001f971-\U0001f972\U0001f977-\U0001f979\U0001f97b\U0001f9a3-\U0001f9af\U0001f9ba-\U0001f9bf\U0001f9c3-\U0001f9cf\U0001fa00-\U0001fa5f\U0001fa6e-\U0001ffff\U0002a6d7-\U0002a6ff\U0002b735-\U0002b73f\U0002b81e-\U0002b81f\U0002cea2-\U0002ceaf\U0002ebe1-\U0002f7ff\U0002fa1e-\U000e0000\U000e0002-\U000e001f\U000e0080-\U000e00ff\U000e01f0-\U000effff\U000ffffe-\U000fffff\U0010fffe-\U0010ffff'
+
+Co = '\ue000-\uf8ff\U000f0000-\U000ffffd\U00100000-\U0010fffd'
+
+Cs = '\ud800-\udbff\\\udc00\udc01-\udfff'
+
+Ll = 'a-z\xb5\xdf-\xf6\xf8-\xff\u0101\u0103\u0105\u0107\u0109\u010b\u010d\u010f\u0111\u0113\u0115\u0117\u0119\u011b\u011d\u011f\u0121\u0123\u0125\u0127\u0129\u012b\u012d\u012f\u0131\u0133\u0135\u0137-\u0138\u013a\u013c\u013e\u0140\u0142\u0144\u0146\u0148-\u0149\u014b\u014d\u014f\u0151\u0153\u0155\u0157\u0159\u015b\u015d\u015f\u0161\u0163\u0165\u0167\u0169\u016b\u016d\u016f\u0171\u0173\u0175\u0177\u017a\u017c\u017e-\u0180\u0183\u0185\u0188\u018c-\u018d\u0192\u0195\u0199-\u019b\u019e\u01a1\u01a3\u01a5\u01a8\u01aa-\u01ab\u01ad\u01b0\u01b4\u01b6\u01b9-\u01ba\u01bd-\u01bf\u01c6\u01c9\u01cc\u01ce\u01d0\u01d2\u01d4\u01d6\u01d8\u01da\u01dc-\u01dd\u01df\u01e1\u01e3\u01e5\u01e7\u01e9\u01eb\u01ed\u01ef-\u01f0\u01f3\u01f5\u01f9\u01fb\u01fd\u01ff\u0201\u0203\u0205\u0207\u0209\u020b\u020d\u020f\u0211\u0213\u0215\u0217\u0219\u021b\u021d\u021f\u0221\u0223\u0225\u0227\u0229\u022b\u022d\u022f\u0231\u0233-\u0239\u023c\u023f-\u0240\u0242\u0247\u0249\u024b\u024d\u024f-\u0293\u0295-\u02af\u0371\u0373\u0377\u037b-\u037d\u0390\u03ac-\u03ce\u03d0-\u03d1\u03d5-\u03d7\u03d9\u03db\u03dd\u03df\u03e1\u03e3\u03e5\u03e7\u03e9\u03eb\u03ed\u03ef-\u03f3\u03f5\u03f8\u03fb-\u03fc\u0430-\u045f\u0461\u0463\u0465\u0467\u0469\u046b\u046d\u046f\u0471\u0473\u0475\u0477\u0479\u047b\u047d\u047f\u0481\u048b\u048d\u048f\u0491\u0493\u0495\u0497\u0499\u049b\u049d\u049f\u04a1\u04a3\u04a5\u04a7\u04a9\u04ab\u04ad\u04af\u04b1\u04b3\u04b5\u04b7\u04b9\u04bb\u04bd\u04bf\u04c2\u04c4\u04c6\u04c8\u04ca\u04cc\u04ce-\u04cf\u04d1\u04d3\u04d5\u04d7\u04d9\u04db\u04dd\u04df\u04e1\u04e3\u04e5\u04e7\u04e9\u04eb\u04ed\u04ef\u04f1\u04f3\u04f5\u04f7\u04f9\u04fb\u04fd\u04ff\u0501\u0503\u0505\u0507\u0509\u050b\u050d\u050f\u0511\u0513\u0515\u0517\u0519\u051b\u051d\u051f\u0521\u0523\u0525\u0527\u0529\u052b\u052d\u052f\u0560-\u0588\u10d0-\u10fa\u10fd-\u10ff\u13f8-\u13fd\u1c80-\u1c88\u1d00-\u1d2b\u1d6b-\u1d77\u1d79-\u1d9a\u1e01\u1e03\u1e05\u1e07\u1e09\u1e0b\u1e0d\u1e0f\u1e11\u1e13\u1e15\u1e17\u1e19\u1e1b\u1e1d\u1e1f\u1e21\u1e23\u1e25\u1e27\u1e29\u1e2b\u1e2d\u1e2f\u1e31\u1e33\u1e35\u1e37\u1e39\u1e3b\u1e3d\u1e3f\u1e41\u1e43\u1e45\u1e47\u1e49\u1e4b\u1e4d\u1e4f\u1e51\u1e53\u1e55\u1e57\u1e59\u1e5b\u1e5d\u1e5f\u1e61\u1e63\u1e65\u1e67\u1e69\u1e6b\u1e6d\u1e6f\u1e71\u1e73\u1e75\u1e77\u1e79\u1e7b\u1e7d\u1e7f\u1e81\u1e83\u1e85\u1e87\u1e89\u1e8b\u1e8d\u1e8f\u1e91\u1e93\u1e95-\u1e9d\u1e9f\u1ea1\u1ea3\u1ea5\u1ea7\u1ea9\u1eab\u1ead\u1eaf\u1eb1\u1eb3\u1eb5\u1eb7\u1eb9\u1ebb\u1ebd\u1ebf\u1ec1\u1ec3\u1ec5\u1ec7\u1ec9\u1ecb\u1ecd\u1ecf\u1ed1\u1ed3\u1ed5\u1ed7\u1ed9\u1edb\u1edd\u1edf\u1ee1\u1ee3\u1ee5\u1ee7\u1ee9\u1eeb\u1eed\u1eef\u1ef1\u1ef3\u1ef5\u1ef7\u1ef9\u1efb\u1efd\u1eff-\u1f07\u1f10-\u1f15\u1f20-\u1f27\u1f30-\u1f37\u1f40-\u1f45\u1f50-\u1f57\u1f60-\u1f67\u1f70-\u1f7d\u1f80-\u1f87\u1f90-\u1f97\u1fa0-\u1fa7\u1fb0-\u1fb4\u1fb6-\u1fb7\u1fbe\u1fc2-\u1fc4\u1fc6-\u1fc7\u1fd0-\u1fd3\u1fd6-\u1fd7\u1fe0-\u1fe7\u1ff2-\u1ff4\u1ff6-\u1ff7\u210a\u210e-\u210f\u2113\u212f\u2134\u2139\u213c-\u213d\u2146-\u2149\u214e\u2184\u2c30-\u2c5e\u2c61\u2c65-\u2c66\u2c68\u2c6a\u2c6c\u2c71\u2c73-\u2c74\u2c76-\u2c7b\u2c81\u2c83\u2c85\u2c87\u2c89\u2c8b\u2c8d\u2c8f\u2c91\u2c93\u2c95\u2c97\u2c99\u2c9b\u2c9d\u2c9f\u2ca1\u2ca3\u2ca5\u2ca7\u2ca9\u2cab\u2cad\u2caf\u2cb1\u2cb3\u2cb5\u2cb7\u2cb9\u2cbb\u2cbd\u2cbf\u2cc1\u2cc3\u2cc5\u2cc7\u2cc9\u2ccb\u2ccd\u2ccf\u2cd1\u2cd3\u2cd5\u2cd7\u2cd9\u2cdb\u2cdd\u2cdf\u2ce1\u2ce3-\u2ce4\u2cec\u2cee\u2cf3\u2d00-\u2d25\u2d27\u2d2d\ua641\ua643\ua645\ua647\ua649\ua64b\ua64d\ua64f\ua651\ua653\ua655\ua657\ua659\ua65b\ua65d\ua65f\ua661\ua663\ua665\ua667\ua669\ua66b\ua66d\ua681\ua683\ua685\ua687\ua689\ua68b\ua68d\ua68f\ua691\ua693\ua695\ua697\ua699\ua69b\ua723\ua725\ua727\ua729\ua72b\ua72d\ua72f-\ua731\ua733\ua735\ua737\ua739\ua73b\ua73d\ua73f\ua741\ua743\ua745\ua747\ua749\ua74b\ua74d\ua74f\ua751\ua753\ua755\ua757\ua759\ua75b\ua75d\ua75f\ua761\ua763\ua765\ua767\ua769\ua76b\ua76d\ua76f\ua771-\ua778\ua77a\ua77c\ua77f\ua781\ua783\ua785\ua787\ua78c\ua78e\ua791\ua793-\ua795\ua797\ua799\ua79b\ua79d\ua79f\ua7a1\ua7a3\ua7a5\ua7a7\ua7a9\ua7af\ua7b5\ua7b7\ua7b9\ua7fa\uab30-\uab5a\uab60-\uab65\uab70-\uabbf\ufb00-\ufb06\ufb13-\ufb17\uff41-\uff5a\U00010428-\U0001044f\U000104d8-\U000104fb\U00010cc0-\U00010cf2\U000118c0-\U000118df\U00016e60-\U00016e7f\U0001d41a-\U0001d433\U0001d44e-\U0001d454\U0001d456-\U0001d467\U0001d482-\U0001d49b\U0001d4b6-\U0001d4b9\U0001d4bb\U0001d4bd-\U0001d4c3\U0001d4c5-\U0001d4cf\U0001d4ea-\U0001d503\U0001d51e-\U0001d537\U0001d552-\U0001d56b\U0001d586-\U0001d59f\U0001d5ba-\U0001d5d3\U0001d5ee-\U0001d607\U0001d622-\U0001d63b\U0001d656-\U0001d66f\U0001d68a-\U0001d6a5\U0001d6c2-\U0001d6da\U0001d6dc-\U0001d6e1\U0001d6fc-\U0001d714\U0001d716-\U0001d71b\U0001d736-\U0001d74e\U0001d750-\U0001d755\U0001d770-\U0001d788\U0001d78a-\U0001d78f\U0001d7aa-\U0001d7c2\U0001d7c4-\U0001d7c9\U0001d7cb\U0001e922-\U0001e943'
+
+Lm = '\u02b0-\u02c1\u02c6-\u02d1\u02e0-\u02e4\u02ec\u02ee\u0374\u037a\u0559\u0640\u06e5-\u06e6\u07f4-\u07f5\u07fa\u081a\u0824\u0828\u0971\u0e46\u0ec6\u10fc\u17d7\u1843\u1aa7\u1c78-\u1c7d\u1d2c-\u1d6a\u1d78\u1d9b-\u1dbf\u2071\u207f\u2090-\u209c\u2c7c-\u2c7d\u2d6f\u2e2f\u3005\u3031-\u3035\u303b\u309d-\u309e\u30fc-\u30fe\ua015\ua4f8-\ua4fd\ua60c\ua67f\ua69c-\ua69d\ua717-\ua71f\ua770\ua788\ua7f8-\ua7f9\ua9cf\ua9e6\uaa70\uaadd\uaaf3-\uaaf4\uab5c-\uab5f\uff70\uff9e-\uff9f\U00016b40-\U00016b43\U00016f93-\U00016f9f\U00016fe0-\U00016fe1'
+
+Lo = '\xaa\xba\u01bb\u01c0-\u01c3\u0294\u05d0-\u05ea\u05ef-\u05f2\u0620-\u063f\u0641-\u064a\u066e-\u066f\u0671-\u06d3\u06d5\u06ee-\u06ef\u06fa-\u06fc\u06ff\u0710\u0712-\u072f\u074d-\u07a5\u07b1\u07ca-\u07ea\u0800-\u0815\u0840-\u0858\u0860-\u086a\u08a0-\u08b4\u08b6-\u08bd\u0904-\u0939\u093d\u0950\u0958-\u0961\u0972-\u0980\u0985-\u098c\u098f-\u0990\u0993-\u09a8\u09aa-\u09b0\u09b2\u09b6-\u09b9\u09bd\u09ce\u09dc-\u09dd\u09df-\u09e1\u09f0-\u09f1\u09fc\u0a05-\u0a0a\u0a0f-\u0a10\u0a13-\u0a28\u0a2a-\u0a30\u0a32-\u0a33\u0a35-\u0a36\u0a38-\u0a39\u0a59-\u0a5c\u0a5e\u0a72-\u0a74\u0a85-\u0a8d\u0a8f-\u0a91\u0a93-\u0aa8\u0aaa-\u0ab0\u0ab2-\u0ab3\u0ab5-\u0ab9\u0abd\u0ad0\u0ae0-\u0ae1\u0af9\u0b05-\u0b0c\u0b0f-\u0b10\u0b13-\u0b28\u0b2a-\u0b30\u0b32-\u0b33\u0b35-\u0b39\u0b3d\u0b5c-\u0b5d\u0b5f-\u0b61\u0b71\u0b83\u0b85-\u0b8a\u0b8e-\u0b90\u0b92-\u0b95\u0b99-\u0b9a\u0b9c\u0b9e-\u0b9f\u0ba3-\u0ba4\u0ba8-\u0baa\u0bae-\u0bb9\u0bd0\u0c05-\u0c0c\u0c0e-\u0c10\u0c12-\u0c28\u0c2a-\u0c39\u0c3d\u0c58-\u0c5a\u0c60-\u0c61\u0c80\u0c85-\u0c8c\u0c8e-\u0c90\u0c92-\u0ca8\u0caa-\u0cb3\u0cb5-\u0cb9\u0cbd\u0cde\u0ce0-\u0ce1\u0cf1-\u0cf2\u0d05-\u0d0c\u0d0e-\u0d10\u0d12-\u0d3a\u0d3d\u0d4e\u0d54-\u0d56\u0d5f-\u0d61\u0d7a-\u0d7f\u0d85-\u0d96\u0d9a-\u0db1\u0db3-\u0dbb\u0dbd\u0dc0-\u0dc6\u0e01-\u0e30\u0e32-\u0e33\u0e40-\u0e45\u0e81-\u0e82\u0e84\u0e87-\u0e88\u0e8a\u0e8d\u0e94-\u0e97\u0e99-\u0e9f\u0ea1-\u0ea3\u0ea5\u0ea7\u0eaa-\u0eab\u0ead-\u0eb0\u0eb2-\u0eb3\u0ebd\u0ec0-\u0ec4\u0edc-\u0edf\u0f00\u0f40-\u0f47\u0f49-\u0f6c\u0f88-\u0f8c\u1000-\u102a\u103f\u1050-\u1055\u105a-\u105d\u1061\u1065-\u1066\u106e-\u1070\u1075-\u1081\u108e\u1100-\u1248\u124a-\u124d\u1250-\u1256\u1258\u125a-\u125d\u1260-\u1288\u128a-\u128d\u1290-\u12b0\u12b2-\u12b5\u12b8-\u12be\u12c0\u12c2-\u12c5\u12c8-\u12d6\u12d8-\u1310\u1312-\u1315\u1318-\u135a\u1380-\u138f\u1401-\u166c\u166f-\u167f\u1681-\u169a\u16a0-\u16ea\u16f1-\u16f8\u1700-\u170c\u170e-\u1711\u1720-\u1731\u1740-\u1751\u1760-\u176c\u176e-\u1770\u1780-\u17b3\u17dc\u1820-\u1842\u1844-\u1878\u1880-\u1884\u1887-\u18a8\u18aa\u18b0-\u18f5\u1900-\u191e\u1950-\u196d\u1970-\u1974\u1980-\u19ab\u19b0-\u19c9\u1a00-\u1a16\u1a20-\u1a54\u1b05-\u1b33\u1b45-\u1b4b\u1b83-\u1ba0\u1bae-\u1baf\u1bba-\u1be5\u1c00-\u1c23\u1c4d-\u1c4f\u1c5a-\u1c77\u1ce9-\u1cec\u1cee-\u1cf1\u1cf5-\u1cf6\u2135-\u2138\u2d30-\u2d67\u2d80-\u2d96\u2da0-\u2da6\u2da8-\u2dae\u2db0-\u2db6\u2db8-\u2dbe\u2dc0-\u2dc6\u2dc8-\u2dce\u2dd0-\u2dd6\u2dd8-\u2dde\u3006\u303c\u3041-\u3096\u309f\u30a1-\u30fa\u30ff\u3105-\u312f\u3131-\u318e\u31a0-\u31ba\u31f0-\u31ff\u3400-\u4db5\u4e00-\u9fef\ua000-\ua014\ua016-\ua48c\ua4d0-\ua4f7\ua500-\ua60b\ua610-\ua61f\ua62a-\ua62b\ua66e\ua6a0-\ua6e5\ua78f\ua7f7\ua7fb-\ua801\ua803-\ua805\ua807-\ua80a\ua80c-\ua822\ua840-\ua873\ua882-\ua8b3\ua8f2-\ua8f7\ua8fb\ua8fd-\ua8fe\ua90a-\ua925\ua930-\ua946\ua960-\ua97c\ua984-\ua9b2\ua9e0-\ua9e4\ua9e7-\ua9ef\ua9fa-\ua9fe\uaa00-\uaa28\uaa40-\uaa42\uaa44-\uaa4b\uaa60-\uaa6f\uaa71-\uaa76\uaa7a\uaa7e-\uaaaf\uaab1\uaab5-\uaab6\uaab9-\uaabd\uaac0\uaac2\uaadb-\uaadc\uaae0-\uaaea\uaaf2\uab01-\uab06\uab09-\uab0e\uab11-\uab16\uab20-\uab26\uab28-\uab2e\uabc0-\uabe2\uac00-\ud7a3\ud7b0-\ud7c6\ud7cb-\ud7fb\uf900-\ufa6d\ufa70-\ufad9\ufb1d\ufb1f-\ufb28\ufb2a-\ufb36\ufb38-\ufb3c\ufb3e\ufb40-\ufb41\ufb43-\ufb44\ufb46-\ufbb1\ufbd3-\ufd3d\ufd50-\ufd8f\ufd92-\ufdc7\ufdf0-\ufdfb\ufe70-\ufe74\ufe76-\ufefc\uff66-\uff6f\uff71-\uff9d\uffa0-\uffbe\uffc2-\uffc7\uffca-\uffcf\uffd2-\uffd7\uffda-\uffdc\U00010000-\U0001000b\U0001000d-\U00010026\U00010028-\U0001003a\U0001003c-\U0001003d\U0001003f-\U0001004d\U00010050-\U0001005d\U00010080-\U000100fa\U00010280-\U0001029c\U000102a0-\U000102d0\U00010300-\U0001031f\U0001032d-\U00010340\U00010342-\U00010349\U00010350-\U00010375\U00010380-\U0001039d\U000103a0-\U000103c3\U000103c8-\U000103cf\U00010450-\U0001049d\U00010500-\U00010527\U00010530-\U00010563\U00010600-\U00010736\U00010740-\U00010755\U00010760-\U00010767\U00010800-\U00010805\U00010808\U0001080a-\U00010835\U00010837-\U00010838\U0001083c\U0001083f-\U00010855\U00010860-\U00010876\U00010880-\U0001089e\U000108e0-\U000108f2\U000108f4-\U000108f5\U00010900-\U00010915\U00010920-\U00010939\U00010980-\U000109b7\U000109be-\U000109bf\U00010a00\U00010a10-\U00010a13\U00010a15-\U00010a17\U00010a19-\U00010a35\U00010a60-\U00010a7c\U00010a80-\U00010a9c\U00010ac0-\U00010ac7\U00010ac9-\U00010ae4\U00010b00-\U00010b35\U00010b40-\U00010b55\U00010b60-\U00010b72\U00010b80-\U00010b91\U00010c00-\U00010c48\U00010d00-\U00010d23\U00010f00-\U00010f1c\U00010f27\U00010f30-\U00010f45\U00011003-\U00011037\U00011083-\U000110af\U000110d0-\U000110e8\U00011103-\U00011126\U00011144\U00011150-\U00011172\U00011176\U00011183-\U000111b2\U000111c1-\U000111c4\U000111da\U000111dc\U00011200-\U00011211\U00011213-\U0001122b\U00011280-\U00011286\U00011288\U0001128a-\U0001128d\U0001128f-\U0001129d\U0001129f-\U000112a8\U000112b0-\U000112de\U00011305-\U0001130c\U0001130f-\U00011310\U00011313-\U00011328\U0001132a-\U00011330\U00011332-\U00011333\U00011335-\U00011339\U0001133d\U00011350\U0001135d-\U00011361\U00011400-\U00011434\U00011447-\U0001144a\U00011480-\U000114af\U000114c4-\U000114c5\U000114c7\U00011580-\U000115ae\U000115d8-\U000115db\U00011600-\U0001162f\U00011644\U00011680-\U000116aa\U00011700-\U0001171a\U00011800-\U0001182b\U000118ff\U00011a00\U00011a0b-\U00011a32\U00011a3a\U00011a50\U00011a5c-\U00011a83\U00011a86-\U00011a89\U00011a9d\U00011ac0-\U00011af8\U00011c00-\U00011c08\U00011c0a-\U00011c2e\U00011c40\U00011c72-\U00011c8f\U00011d00-\U00011d06\U00011d08-\U00011d09\U00011d0b-\U00011d30\U00011d46\U00011d60-\U00011d65\U00011d67-\U00011d68\U00011d6a-\U00011d89\U00011d98\U00011ee0-\U00011ef2\U00012000-\U00012399\U00012480-\U00012543\U00013000-\U0001342e\U00014400-\U00014646\U00016800-\U00016a38\U00016a40-\U00016a5e\U00016ad0-\U00016aed\U00016b00-\U00016b2f\U00016b63-\U00016b77\U00016b7d-\U00016b8f\U00016f00-\U00016f44\U00016f50\U00017000-\U000187f1\U00018800-\U00018af2\U0001b000-\U0001b11e\U0001b170-\U0001b2fb\U0001bc00-\U0001bc6a\U0001bc70-\U0001bc7c\U0001bc80-\U0001bc88\U0001bc90-\U0001bc99\U0001e800-\U0001e8c4\U0001ee00-\U0001ee03\U0001ee05-\U0001ee1f\U0001ee21-\U0001ee22\U0001ee24\U0001ee27\U0001ee29-\U0001ee32\U0001ee34-\U0001ee37\U0001ee39\U0001ee3b\U0001ee42\U0001ee47\U0001ee49\U0001ee4b\U0001ee4d-\U0001ee4f\U0001ee51-\U0001ee52\U0001ee54\U0001ee57\U0001ee59\U0001ee5b\U0001ee5d\U0001ee5f\U0001ee61-\U0001ee62\U0001ee64\U0001ee67-\U0001ee6a\U0001ee6c-\U0001ee72\U0001ee74-\U0001ee77\U0001ee79-\U0001ee7c\U0001ee7e\U0001ee80-\U0001ee89\U0001ee8b-\U0001ee9b\U0001eea1-\U0001eea3\U0001eea5-\U0001eea9\U0001eeab-\U0001eebb\U00020000-\U0002a6d6\U0002a700-\U0002b734\U0002b740-\U0002b81d\U0002b820-\U0002cea1\U0002ceb0-\U0002ebe0\U0002f800-\U0002fa1d'
+
+Lt = '\u01c5\u01c8\u01cb\u01f2\u1f88-\u1f8f\u1f98-\u1f9f\u1fa8-\u1faf\u1fbc\u1fcc\u1ffc'
+
+Lu = 'A-Z\xc0-\xd6\xd8-\xde\u0100\u0102\u0104\u0106\u0108\u010a\u010c\u010e\u0110\u0112\u0114\u0116\u0118\u011a\u011c\u011e\u0120\u0122\u0124\u0126\u0128\u012a\u012c\u012e\u0130\u0132\u0134\u0136\u0139\u013b\u013d\u013f\u0141\u0143\u0145\u0147\u014a\u014c\u014e\u0150\u0152\u0154\u0156\u0158\u015a\u015c\u015e\u0160\u0162\u0164\u0166\u0168\u016a\u016c\u016e\u0170\u0172\u0174\u0176\u0178-\u0179\u017b\u017d\u0181-\u0182\u0184\u0186-\u0187\u0189-\u018b\u018e-\u0191\u0193-\u0194\u0196-\u0198\u019c-\u019d\u019f-\u01a0\u01a2\u01a4\u01a6-\u01a7\u01a9\u01ac\u01ae-\u01af\u01b1-\u01b3\u01b5\u01b7-\u01b8\u01bc\u01c4\u01c7\u01ca\u01cd\u01cf\u01d1\u01d3\u01d5\u01d7\u01d9\u01db\u01de\u01e0\u01e2\u01e4\u01e6\u01e8\u01ea\u01ec\u01ee\u01f1\u01f4\u01f6-\u01f8\u01fa\u01fc\u01fe\u0200\u0202\u0204\u0206\u0208\u020a\u020c\u020e\u0210\u0212\u0214\u0216\u0218\u021a\u021c\u021e\u0220\u0222\u0224\u0226\u0228\u022a\u022c\u022e\u0230\u0232\u023a-\u023b\u023d-\u023e\u0241\u0243-\u0246\u0248\u024a\u024c\u024e\u0370\u0372\u0376\u037f\u0386\u0388-\u038a\u038c\u038e-\u038f\u0391-\u03a1\u03a3-\u03ab\u03cf\u03d2-\u03d4\u03d8\u03da\u03dc\u03de\u03e0\u03e2\u03e4\u03e6\u03e8\u03ea\u03ec\u03ee\u03f4\u03f7\u03f9-\u03fa\u03fd-\u042f\u0460\u0462\u0464\u0466\u0468\u046a\u046c\u046e\u0470\u0472\u0474\u0476\u0478\u047a\u047c\u047e\u0480\u048a\u048c\u048e\u0490\u0492\u0494\u0496\u0498\u049a\u049c\u049e\u04a0\u04a2\u04a4\u04a6\u04a8\u04aa\u04ac\u04ae\u04b0\u04b2\u04b4\u04b6\u04b8\u04ba\u04bc\u04be\u04c0-\u04c1\u04c3\u04c5\u04c7\u04c9\u04cb\u04cd\u04d0\u04d2\u04d4\u04d6\u04d8\u04da\u04dc\u04de\u04e0\u04e2\u04e4\u04e6\u04e8\u04ea\u04ec\u04ee\u04f0\u04f2\u04f4\u04f6\u04f8\u04fa\u04fc\u04fe\u0500\u0502\u0504\u0506\u0508\u050a\u050c\u050e\u0510\u0512\u0514\u0516\u0518\u051a\u051c\u051e\u0520\u0522\u0524\u0526\u0528\u052a\u052c\u052e\u0531-\u0556\u10a0-\u10c5\u10c7\u10cd\u13a0-\u13f5\u1c90-\u1cba\u1cbd-\u1cbf\u1e00\u1e02\u1e04\u1e06\u1e08\u1e0a\u1e0c\u1e0e\u1e10\u1e12\u1e14\u1e16\u1e18\u1e1a\u1e1c\u1e1e\u1e20\u1e22\u1e24\u1e26\u1e28\u1e2a\u1e2c\u1e2e\u1e30\u1e32\u1e34\u1e36\u1e38\u1e3a\u1e3c\u1e3e\u1e40\u1e42\u1e44\u1e46\u1e48\u1e4a\u1e4c\u1e4e\u1e50\u1e52\u1e54\u1e56\u1e58\u1e5a\u1e5c\u1e5e\u1e60\u1e62\u1e64\u1e66\u1e68\u1e6a\u1e6c\u1e6e\u1e70\u1e72\u1e74\u1e76\u1e78\u1e7a\u1e7c\u1e7e\u1e80\u1e82\u1e84\u1e86\u1e88\u1e8a\u1e8c\u1e8e\u1e90\u1e92\u1e94\u1e9e\u1ea0\u1ea2\u1ea4\u1ea6\u1ea8\u1eaa\u1eac\u1eae\u1eb0\u1eb2\u1eb4\u1eb6\u1eb8\u1eba\u1ebc\u1ebe\u1ec0\u1ec2\u1ec4\u1ec6\u1ec8\u1eca\u1ecc\u1ece\u1ed0\u1ed2\u1ed4\u1ed6\u1ed8\u1eda\u1edc\u1ede\u1ee0\u1ee2\u1ee4\u1ee6\u1ee8\u1eea\u1eec\u1eee\u1ef0\u1ef2\u1ef4\u1ef6\u1ef8\u1efa\u1efc\u1efe\u1f08-\u1f0f\u1f18-\u1f1d\u1f28-\u1f2f\u1f38-\u1f3f\u1f48-\u1f4d\u1f59\u1f5b\u1f5d\u1f5f\u1f68-\u1f6f\u1fb8-\u1fbb\u1fc8-\u1fcb\u1fd8-\u1fdb\u1fe8-\u1fec\u1ff8-\u1ffb\u2102\u2107\u210b-\u210d\u2110-\u2112\u2115\u2119-\u211d\u2124\u2126\u2128\u212a-\u212d\u2130-\u2133\u213e-\u213f\u2145\u2183\u2c00-\u2c2e\u2c60\u2c62-\u2c64\u2c67\u2c69\u2c6b\u2c6d-\u2c70\u2c72\u2c75\u2c7e-\u2c80\u2c82\u2c84\u2c86\u2c88\u2c8a\u2c8c\u2c8e\u2c90\u2c92\u2c94\u2c96\u2c98\u2c9a\u2c9c\u2c9e\u2ca0\u2ca2\u2ca4\u2ca6\u2ca8\u2caa\u2cac\u2cae\u2cb0\u2cb2\u2cb4\u2cb6\u2cb8\u2cba\u2cbc\u2cbe\u2cc0\u2cc2\u2cc4\u2cc6\u2cc8\u2cca\u2ccc\u2cce\u2cd0\u2cd2\u2cd4\u2cd6\u2cd8\u2cda\u2cdc\u2cde\u2ce0\u2ce2\u2ceb\u2ced\u2cf2\ua640\ua642\ua644\ua646\ua648\ua64a\ua64c\ua64e\ua650\ua652\ua654\ua656\ua658\ua65a\ua65c\ua65e\ua660\ua662\ua664\ua666\ua668\ua66a\ua66c\ua680\ua682\ua684\ua686\ua688\ua68a\ua68c\ua68e\ua690\ua692\ua694\ua696\ua698\ua69a\ua722\ua724\ua726\ua728\ua72a\ua72c\ua72e\ua732\ua734\ua736\ua738\ua73a\ua73c\ua73e\ua740\ua742\ua744\ua746\ua748\ua74a\ua74c\ua74e\ua750\ua752\ua754\ua756\ua758\ua75a\ua75c\ua75e\ua760\ua762\ua764\ua766\ua768\ua76a\ua76c\ua76e\ua779\ua77b\ua77d-\ua77e\ua780\ua782\ua784\ua786\ua78b\ua78d\ua790\ua792\ua796\ua798\ua79a\ua79c\ua79e\ua7a0\ua7a2\ua7a4\ua7a6\ua7a8\ua7aa-\ua7ae\ua7b0-\ua7b4\ua7b6\ua7b8\uff21-\uff3a\U00010400-\U00010427\U000104b0-\U000104d3\U00010c80-\U00010cb2\U000118a0-\U000118bf\U00016e40-\U00016e5f\U0001d400-\U0001d419\U0001d434-\U0001d44d\U0001d468-\U0001d481\U0001d49c\U0001d49e-\U0001d49f\U0001d4a2\U0001d4a5-\U0001d4a6\U0001d4a9-\U0001d4ac\U0001d4ae-\U0001d4b5\U0001d4d0-\U0001d4e9\U0001d504-\U0001d505\U0001d507-\U0001d50a\U0001d50d-\U0001d514\U0001d516-\U0001d51c\U0001d538-\U0001d539\U0001d53b-\U0001d53e\U0001d540-\U0001d544\U0001d546\U0001d54a-\U0001d550\U0001d56c-\U0001d585\U0001d5a0-\U0001d5b9\U0001d5d4-\U0001d5ed\U0001d608-\U0001d621\U0001d63c-\U0001d655\U0001d670-\U0001d689\U0001d6a8-\U0001d6c0\U0001d6e2-\U0001d6fa\U0001d71c-\U0001d734\U0001d756-\U0001d76e\U0001d790-\U0001d7a8\U0001d7ca\U0001e900-\U0001e921'
+
+Mc = '\u0903\u093b\u093e-\u0940\u0949-\u094c\u094e-\u094f\u0982-\u0983\u09be-\u09c0\u09c7-\u09c8\u09cb-\u09cc\u09d7\u0a03\u0a3e-\u0a40\u0a83\u0abe-\u0ac0\u0ac9\u0acb-\u0acc\u0b02-\u0b03\u0b3e\u0b40\u0b47-\u0b48\u0b4b-\u0b4c\u0b57\u0bbe-\u0bbf\u0bc1-\u0bc2\u0bc6-\u0bc8\u0bca-\u0bcc\u0bd7\u0c01-\u0c03\u0c41-\u0c44\u0c82-\u0c83\u0cbe\u0cc0-\u0cc4\u0cc7-\u0cc8\u0cca-\u0ccb\u0cd5-\u0cd6\u0d02-\u0d03\u0d3e-\u0d40\u0d46-\u0d48\u0d4a-\u0d4c\u0d57\u0d82-\u0d83\u0dcf-\u0dd1\u0dd8-\u0ddf\u0df2-\u0df3\u0f3e-\u0f3f\u0f7f\u102b-\u102c\u1031\u1038\u103b-\u103c\u1056-\u1057\u1062-\u1064\u1067-\u106d\u1083-\u1084\u1087-\u108c\u108f\u109a-\u109c\u17b6\u17be-\u17c5\u17c7-\u17c8\u1923-\u1926\u1929-\u192b\u1930-\u1931\u1933-\u1938\u1a19-\u1a1a\u1a55\u1a57\u1a61\u1a63-\u1a64\u1a6d-\u1a72\u1b04\u1b35\u1b3b\u1b3d-\u1b41\u1b43-\u1b44\u1b82\u1ba1\u1ba6-\u1ba7\u1baa\u1be7\u1bea-\u1bec\u1bee\u1bf2-\u1bf3\u1c24-\u1c2b\u1c34-\u1c35\u1ce1\u1cf2-\u1cf3\u1cf7\u302e-\u302f\ua823-\ua824\ua827\ua880-\ua881\ua8b4-\ua8c3\ua952-\ua953\ua983\ua9b4-\ua9b5\ua9ba-\ua9bb\ua9bd-\ua9c0\uaa2f-\uaa30\uaa33-\uaa34\uaa4d\uaa7b\uaa7d\uaaeb\uaaee-\uaaef\uaaf5\uabe3-\uabe4\uabe6-\uabe7\uabe9-\uabea\uabec\U00011000\U00011002\U00011082\U000110b0-\U000110b2\U000110b7-\U000110b8\U0001112c\U00011145-\U00011146\U00011182\U000111b3-\U000111b5\U000111bf-\U000111c0\U0001122c-\U0001122e\U00011232-\U00011233\U00011235\U000112e0-\U000112e2\U00011302-\U00011303\U0001133e-\U0001133f\U00011341-\U00011344\U00011347-\U00011348\U0001134b-\U0001134d\U00011357\U00011362-\U00011363\U00011435-\U00011437\U00011440-\U00011441\U00011445\U000114b0-\U000114b2\U000114b9\U000114bb-\U000114be\U000114c1\U000115af-\U000115b1\U000115b8-\U000115bb\U000115be\U00011630-\U00011632\U0001163b-\U0001163c\U0001163e\U000116ac\U000116ae-\U000116af\U000116b6\U00011720-\U00011721\U00011726\U0001182c-\U0001182e\U00011838\U00011a39\U00011a57-\U00011a58\U00011a97\U00011c2f\U00011c3e\U00011ca9\U00011cb1\U00011cb4\U00011d8a-\U00011d8e\U00011d93-\U00011d94\U00011d96\U00011ef5-\U00011ef6\U00016f51-\U00016f7e\U0001d165-\U0001d166\U0001d16d-\U0001d172'
+
+Me = '\u0488-\u0489\u1abe\u20dd-\u20e0\u20e2-\u20e4\ua670-\ua672'
+
+Mn = '\u0300-\u036f\u0483-\u0487\u0591-\u05bd\u05bf\u05c1-\u05c2\u05c4-\u05c5\u05c7\u0610-\u061a\u064b-\u065f\u0670\u06d6-\u06dc\u06df-\u06e4\u06e7-\u06e8\u06ea-\u06ed\u0711\u0730-\u074a\u07a6-\u07b0\u07eb-\u07f3\u07fd\u0816-\u0819\u081b-\u0823\u0825-\u0827\u0829-\u082d\u0859-\u085b\u08d3-\u08e1\u08e3-\u0902\u093a\u093c\u0941-\u0948\u094d\u0951-\u0957\u0962-\u0963\u0981\u09bc\u09c1-\u09c4\u09cd\u09e2-\u09e3\u09fe\u0a01-\u0a02\u0a3c\u0a41-\u0a42\u0a47-\u0a48\u0a4b-\u0a4d\u0a51\u0a70-\u0a71\u0a75\u0a81-\u0a82\u0abc\u0ac1-\u0ac5\u0ac7-\u0ac8\u0acd\u0ae2-\u0ae3\u0afa-\u0aff\u0b01\u0b3c\u0b3f\u0b41-\u0b44\u0b4d\u0b56\u0b62-\u0b63\u0b82\u0bc0\u0bcd\u0c00\u0c04\u0c3e-\u0c40\u0c46-\u0c48\u0c4a-\u0c4d\u0c55-\u0c56\u0c62-\u0c63\u0c81\u0cbc\u0cbf\u0cc6\u0ccc-\u0ccd\u0ce2-\u0ce3\u0d00-\u0d01\u0d3b-\u0d3c\u0d41-\u0d44\u0d4d\u0d62-\u0d63\u0dca\u0dd2-\u0dd4\u0dd6\u0e31\u0e34-\u0e3a\u0e47-\u0e4e\u0eb1\u0eb4-\u0eb9\u0ebb-\u0ebc\u0ec8-\u0ecd\u0f18-\u0f19\u0f35\u0f37\u0f39\u0f71-\u0f7e\u0f80-\u0f84\u0f86-\u0f87\u0f8d-\u0f97\u0f99-\u0fbc\u0fc6\u102d-\u1030\u1032-\u1037\u1039-\u103a\u103d-\u103e\u1058-\u1059\u105e-\u1060\u1071-\u1074\u1082\u1085-\u1086\u108d\u109d\u135d-\u135f\u1712-\u1714\u1732-\u1734\u1752-\u1753\u1772-\u1773\u17b4-\u17b5\u17b7-\u17bd\u17c6\u17c9-\u17d3\u17dd\u180b-\u180d\u1885-\u1886\u18a9\u1920-\u1922\u1927-\u1928\u1932\u1939-\u193b\u1a17-\u1a18\u1a1b\u1a56\u1a58-\u1a5e\u1a60\u1a62\u1a65-\u1a6c\u1a73-\u1a7c\u1a7f\u1ab0-\u1abd\u1b00-\u1b03\u1b34\u1b36-\u1b3a\u1b3c\u1b42\u1b6b-\u1b73\u1b80-\u1b81\u1ba2-\u1ba5\u1ba8-\u1ba9\u1bab-\u1bad\u1be6\u1be8-\u1be9\u1bed\u1bef-\u1bf1\u1c2c-\u1c33\u1c36-\u1c37\u1cd0-\u1cd2\u1cd4-\u1ce0\u1ce2-\u1ce8\u1ced\u1cf4\u1cf8-\u1cf9\u1dc0-\u1df9\u1dfb-\u1dff\u20d0-\u20dc\u20e1\u20e5-\u20f0\u2cef-\u2cf1\u2d7f\u2de0-\u2dff\u302a-\u302d\u3099-\u309a\ua66f\ua674-\ua67d\ua69e-\ua69f\ua6f0-\ua6f1\ua802\ua806\ua80b\ua825-\ua826\ua8c4-\ua8c5\ua8e0-\ua8f1\ua8ff\ua926-\ua92d\ua947-\ua951\ua980-\ua982\ua9b3\ua9b6-\ua9b9\ua9bc\ua9e5\uaa29-\uaa2e\uaa31-\uaa32\uaa35-\uaa36\uaa43\uaa4c\uaa7c\uaab0\uaab2-\uaab4\uaab7-\uaab8\uaabe-\uaabf\uaac1\uaaec-\uaaed\uaaf6\uabe5\uabe8\uabed\ufb1e\ufe00-\ufe0f\ufe20-\ufe2f\U000101fd\U000102e0\U00010376-\U0001037a\U00010a01-\U00010a03\U00010a05-\U00010a06\U00010a0c-\U00010a0f\U00010a38-\U00010a3a\U00010a3f\U00010ae5-\U00010ae6\U00010d24-\U00010d27\U00010f46-\U00010f50\U00011001\U00011038-\U00011046\U0001107f-\U00011081\U000110b3-\U000110b6\U000110b9-\U000110ba\U00011100-\U00011102\U00011127-\U0001112b\U0001112d-\U00011134\U00011173\U00011180-\U00011181\U000111b6-\U000111be\U000111c9-\U000111cc\U0001122f-\U00011231\U00011234\U00011236-\U00011237\U0001123e\U000112df\U000112e3-\U000112ea\U00011300-\U00011301\U0001133b-\U0001133c\U00011340\U00011366-\U0001136c\U00011370-\U00011374\U00011438-\U0001143f\U00011442-\U00011444\U00011446\U0001145e\U000114b3-\U000114b8\U000114ba\U000114bf-\U000114c0\U000114c2-\U000114c3\U000115b2-\U000115b5\U000115bc-\U000115bd\U000115bf-\U000115c0\U000115dc-\U000115dd\U00011633-\U0001163a\U0001163d\U0001163f-\U00011640\U000116ab\U000116ad\U000116b0-\U000116b5\U000116b7\U0001171d-\U0001171f\U00011722-\U00011725\U00011727-\U0001172b\U0001182f-\U00011837\U00011839-\U0001183a\U00011a01-\U00011a0a\U00011a33-\U00011a38\U00011a3b-\U00011a3e\U00011a47\U00011a51-\U00011a56\U00011a59-\U00011a5b\U00011a8a-\U00011a96\U00011a98-\U00011a99\U00011c30-\U00011c36\U00011c38-\U00011c3d\U00011c3f\U00011c92-\U00011ca7\U00011caa-\U00011cb0\U00011cb2-\U00011cb3\U00011cb5-\U00011cb6\U00011d31-\U00011d36\U00011d3a\U00011d3c-\U00011d3d\U00011d3f-\U00011d45\U00011d47\U00011d90-\U00011d91\U00011d95\U00011d97\U00011ef3-\U00011ef4\U00016af0-\U00016af4\U00016b30-\U00016b36\U00016f8f-\U00016f92\U0001bc9d-\U0001bc9e\U0001d167-\U0001d169\U0001d17b-\U0001d182\U0001d185-\U0001d18b\U0001d1aa-\U0001d1ad\U0001d242-\U0001d244\U0001da00-\U0001da36\U0001da3b-\U0001da6c\U0001da75\U0001da84\U0001da9b-\U0001da9f\U0001daa1-\U0001daaf\U0001e000-\U0001e006\U0001e008-\U0001e018\U0001e01b-\U0001e021\U0001e023-\U0001e024\U0001e026-\U0001e02a\U0001e8d0-\U0001e8d6\U0001e944-\U0001e94a\U000e0100-\U000e01ef'
+
+Nd = '0-9\u0660-\u0669\u06f0-\u06f9\u07c0-\u07c9\u0966-\u096f\u09e6-\u09ef\u0a66-\u0a6f\u0ae6-\u0aef\u0b66-\u0b6f\u0be6-\u0bef\u0c66-\u0c6f\u0ce6-\u0cef\u0d66-\u0d6f\u0de6-\u0def\u0e50-\u0e59\u0ed0-\u0ed9\u0f20-\u0f29\u1040-\u1049\u1090-\u1099\u17e0-\u17e9\u1810-\u1819\u1946-\u194f\u19d0-\u19d9\u1a80-\u1a89\u1a90-\u1a99\u1b50-\u1b59\u1bb0-\u1bb9\u1c40-\u1c49\u1c50-\u1c59\ua620-\ua629\ua8d0-\ua8d9\ua900-\ua909\ua9d0-\ua9d9\ua9f0-\ua9f9\uaa50-\uaa59\uabf0-\uabf9\uff10-\uff19\U000104a0-\U000104a9\U00010d30-\U00010d39\U00011066-\U0001106f\U000110f0-\U000110f9\U00011136-\U0001113f\U000111d0-\U000111d9\U000112f0-\U000112f9\U00011450-\U00011459\U000114d0-\U000114d9\U00011650-\U00011659\U000116c0-\U000116c9\U00011730-\U00011739\U000118e0-\U000118e9\U00011c50-\U00011c59\U00011d50-\U00011d59\U00011da0-\U00011da9\U00016a60-\U00016a69\U00016b50-\U00016b59\U0001d7ce-\U0001d7ff\U0001e950-\U0001e959'
+
+Nl = '\u16ee-\u16f0\u2160-\u2182\u2185-\u2188\u3007\u3021-\u3029\u3038-\u303a\ua6e6-\ua6ef\U00010140-\U00010174\U00010341\U0001034a\U000103d1-\U000103d5\U00012400-\U0001246e'
+
+No = '\xb2-\xb3\xb9\xbc-\xbe\u09f4-\u09f9\u0b72-\u0b77\u0bf0-\u0bf2\u0c78-\u0c7e\u0d58-\u0d5e\u0d70-\u0d78\u0f2a-\u0f33\u1369-\u137c\u17f0-\u17f9\u19da\u2070\u2074-\u2079\u2080-\u2089\u2150-\u215f\u2189\u2460-\u249b\u24ea-\u24ff\u2776-\u2793\u2cfd\u3192-\u3195\u3220-\u3229\u3248-\u324f\u3251-\u325f\u3280-\u3289\u32b1-\u32bf\ua830-\ua835\U00010107-\U00010133\U00010175-\U00010178\U0001018a-\U0001018b\U000102e1-\U000102fb\U00010320-\U00010323\U00010858-\U0001085f\U00010879-\U0001087f\U000108a7-\U000108af\U000108fb-\U000108ff\U00010916-\U0001091b\U000109bc-\U000109bd\U000109c0-\U000109cf\U000109d2-\U000109ff\U00010a40-\U00010a48\U00010a7d-\U00010a7e\U00010a9d-\U00010a9f\U00010aeb-\U00010aef\U00010b58-\U00010b5f\U00010b78-\U00010b7f\U00010ba9-\U00010baf\U00010cfa-\U00010cff\U00010e60-\U00010e7e\U00010f1d-\U00010f26\U00010f51-\U00010f54\U00011052-\U00011065\U000111e1-\U000111f4\U0001173a-\U0001173b\U000118ea-\U000118f2\U00011c5a-\U00011c6c\U00016b5b-\U00016b61\U00016e80-\U00016e96\U0001d2e0-\U0001d2f3\U0001d360-\U0001d378\U0001e8c7-\U0001e8cf\U0001ec71-\U0001ecab\U0001ecad-\U0001ecaf\U0001ecb1-\U0001ecb4\U0001f100-\U0001f10c'
+
+Pc = '_\u203f-\u2040\u2054\ufe33-\ufe34\ufe4d-\ufe4f\uff3f'
+
+Pd = '\\-\u058a\u05be\u1400\u1806\u2010-\u2015\u2e17\u2e1a\u2e3a-\u2e3b\u2e40\u301c\u3030\u30a0\ufe31-\ufe32\ufe58\ufe63\uff0d'
+
+Pe = ')\\]}\u0f3b\u0f3d\u169c\u2046\u207e\u208e\u2309\u230b\u232a\u2769\u276b\u276d\u276f\u2771\u2773\u2775\u27c6\u27e7\u27e9\u27eb\u27ed\u27ef\u2984\u2986\u2988\u298a\u298c\u298e\u2990\u2992\u2994\u2996\u2998\u29d9\u29db\u29fd\u2e23\u2e25\u2e27\u2e29\u3009\u300b\u300d\u300f\u3011\u3015\u3017\u3019\u301b\u301e-\u301f\ufd3e\ufe18\ufe36\ufe38\ufe3a\ufe3c\ufe3e\ufe40\ufe42\ufe44\ufe48\ufe5a\ufe5c\ufe5e\uff09\uff3d\uff5d\uff60\uff63'
+
+Pf = '\xbb\u2019\u201d\u203a\u2e03\u2e05\u2e0a\u2e0d\u2e1d\u2e21'
+
+Pi = '\xab\u2018\u201b-\u201c\u201f\u2039\u2e02\u2e04\u2e09\u2e0c\u2e1c\u2e20'
+
+Po = "!-#%-'*,.-/:-;?-@\\\\\xa1\xa7\xb6-\xb7\xbf\u037e\u0387\u055a-\u055f\u0589\u05c0\u05c3\u05c6\u05f3-\u05f4\u0609-\u060a\u060c-\u060d\u061b\u061e-\u061f\u066a-\u066d\u06d4\u0700-\u070d\u07f7-\u07f9\u0830-\u083e\u085e\u0964-\u0965\u0970\u09fd\u0a76\u0af0\u0c84\u0df4\u0e4f\u0e5a-\u0e5b\u0f04-\u0f12\u0f14\u0f85\u0fd0-\u0fd4\u0fd9-\u0fda\u104a-\u104f\u10fb\u1360-\u1368\u166d-\u166e\u16eb-\u16ed\u1735-\u1736\u17d4-\u17d6\u17d8-\u17da\u1800-\u1805\u1807-\u180a\u1944-\u1945\u1a1e-\u1a1f\u1aa0-\u1aa6\u1aa8-\u1aad\u1b5a-\u1b60\u1bfc-\u1bff\u1c3b-\u1c3f\u1c7e-\u1c7f\u1cc0-\u1cc7\u1cd3\u2016-\u2017\u2020-\u2027\u2030-\u2038\u203b-\u203e\u2041-\u2043\u2047-\u2051\u2053\u2055-\u205e\u2cf9-\u2cfc\u2cfe-\u2cff\u2d70\u2e00-\u2e01\u2e06-\u2e08\u2e0b\u2e0e-\u2e16\u2e18-\u2e19\u2e1b\u2e1e-\u2e1f\u2e2a-\u2e2e\u2e30-\u2e39\u2e3c-\u2e3f\u2e41\u2e43-\u2e4e\u3001-\u3003\u303d\u30fb\ua4fe-\ua4ff\ua60d-\ua60f\ua673\ua67e\ua6f2-\ua6f7\ua874-\ua877\ua8ce-\ua8cf\ua8f8-\ua8fa\ua8fc\ua92e-\ua92f\ua95f\ua9c1-\ua9cd\ua9de-\ua9df\uaa5c-\uaa5f\uaade-\uaadf\uaaf0-\uaaf1\uabeb\ufe10-\ufe16\ufe19\ufe30\ufe45-\ufe46\ufe49-\ufe4c\ufe50-\ufe52\ufe54-\ufe57\ufe5f-\ufe61\ufe68\ufe6a-\ufe6b\uff01-\uff03\uff05-\uff07\uff0a\uff0c\uff0e-\uff0f\uff1a-\uff1b\uff1f-\uff20\uff3c\uff61\uff64-\uff65\U00010100-\U00010102\U0001039f\U000103d0\U0001056f\U00010857\U0001091f\U0001093f\U00010a50-\U00010a58\U00010a7f\U00010af0-\U00010af6\U00010b39-\U00010b3f\U00010b99-\U00010b9c\U00010f55-\U00010f59\U00011047-\U0001104d\U000110bb-\U000110bc\U000110be-\U000110c1\U00011140-\U00011143\U00011174-\U00011175\U000111c5-\U000111c8\U000111cd\U000111db\U000111dd-\U000111df\U00011238-\U0001123d\U000112a9\U0001144b-\U0001144f\U0001145b\U0001145d\U000114c6\U000115c1-\U000115d7\U00011641-\U00011643\U00011660-\U0001166c\U0001173c-\U0001173e\U0001183b\U00011a3f-\U00011a46\U00011a9a-\U00011a9c\U00011a9e-\U00011aa2\U00011c41-\U00011c45\U00011c70-\U00011c71\U00011ef7-\U00011ef8\U00012470-\U00012474\U00016a6e-\U00016a6f\U00016af5\U00016b37-\U00016b3b\U00016b44\U00016e97-\U00016e9a\U0001bc9f\U0001da87-\U0001da8b\U0001e95e-\U0001e95f"
+
+Ps = '(\\[{\u0f3a\u0f3c\u169b\u201a\u201e\u2045\u207d\u208d\u2308\u230a\u2329\u2768\u276a\u276c\u276e\u2770\u2772\u2774\u27c5\u27e6\u27e8\u27ea\u27ec\u27ee\u2983\u2985\u2987\u2989\u298b\u298d\u298f\u2991\u2993\u2995\u2997\u29d8\u29da\u29fc\u2e22\u2e24\u2e26\u2e28\u2e42\u3008\u300a\u300c\u300e\u3010\u3014\u3016\u3018\u301a\u301d\ufd3f\ufe17\ufe35\ufe37\ufe39\ufe3b\ufe3d\ufe3f\ufe41\ufe43\ufe47\ufe59\ufe5b\ufe5d\uff08\uff3b\uff5b\uff5f\uff62'
+
+Sc = '$\xa2-\xa5\u058f\u060b\u07fe-\u07ff\u09f2-\u09f3\u09fb\u0af1\u0bf9\u0e3f\u17db\u20a0-\u20bf\ua838\ufdfc\ufe69\uff04\uffe0-\uffe1\uffe5-\uffe6\U0001ecb0'
+
+Sk = '\\^`\xa8\xaf\xb4\xb8\u02c2-\u02c5\u02d2-\u02df\u02e5-\u02eb\u02ed\u02ef-\u02ff\u0375\u0384-\u0385\u1fbd\u1fbf-\u1fc1\u1fcd-\u1fcf\u1fdd-\u1fdf\u1fed-\u1fef\u1ffd-\u1ffe\u309b-\u309c\ua700-\ua716\ua720-\ua721\ua789-\ua78a\uab5b\ufbb2-\ufbc1\uff3e\uff40\uffe3\U0001f3fb-\U0001f3ff'
+
+Sm = '+<->|~\xac\xb1\xd7\xf7\u03f6\u0606-\u0608\u2044\u2052\u207a-\u207c\u208a-\u208c\u2118\u2140-\u2144\u214b\u2190-\u2194\u219a-\u219b\u21a0\u21a3\u21a6\u21ae\u21ce-\u21cf\u21d2\u21d4\u21f4-\u22ff\u2320-\u2321\u237c\u239b-\u23b3\u23dc-\u23e1\u25b7\u25c1\u25f8-\u25ff\u266f\u27c0-\u27c4\u27c7-\u27e5\u27f0-\u27ff\u2900-\u2982\u2999-\u29d7\u29dc-\u29fb\u29fe-\u2aff\u2b30-\u2b44\u2b47-\u2b4c\ufb29\ufe62\ufe64-\ufe66\uff0b\uff1c-\uff1e\uff5c\uff5e\uffe2\uffe9-\uffec\U0001d6c1\U0001d6db\U0001d6fb\U0001d715\U0001d735\U0001d74f\U0001d76f\U0001d789\U0001d7a9\U0001d7c3\U0001eef0-\U0001eef1'
+
+So = '\xa6\xa9\xae\xb0\u0482\u058d-\u058e\u060e-\u060f\u06de\u06e9\u06fd-\u06fe\u07f6\u09fa\u0b70\u0bf3-\u0bf8\u0bfa\u0c7f\u0d4f\u0d79\u0f01-\u0f03\u0f13\u0f15-\u0f17\u0f1a-\u0f1f\u0f34\u0f36\u0f38\u0fbe-\u0fc5\u0fc7-\u0fcc\u0fce-\u0fcf\u0fd5-\u0fd8\u109e-\u109f\u1390-\u1399\u1940\u19de-\u19ff\u1b61-\u1b6a\u1b74-\u1b7c\u2100-\u2101\u2103-\u2106\u2108-\u2109\u2114\u2116-\u2117\u211e-\u2123\u2125\u2127\u2129\u212e\u213a-\u213b\u214a\u214c-\u214d\u214f\u218a-\u218b\u2195-\u2199\u219c-\u219f\u21a1-\u21a2\u21a4-\u21a5\u21a7-\u21ad\u21af-\u21cd\u21d0-\u21d1\u21d3\u21d5-\u21f3\u2300-\u2307\u230c-\u231f\u2322-\u2328\u232b-\u237b\u237d-\u239a\u23b4-\u23db\u23e2-\u2426\u2440-\u244a\u249c-\u24e9\u2500-\u25b6\u25b8-\u25c0\u25c2-\u25f7\u2600-\u266e\u2670-\u2767\u2794-\u27bf\u2800-\u28ff\u2b00-\u2b2f\u2b45-\u2b46\u2b4d-\u2b73\u2b76-\u2b95\u2b98-\u2bc8\u2bca-\u2bfe\u2ce5-\u2cea\u2e80-\u2e99\u2e9b-\u2ef3\u2f00-\u2fd5\u2ff0-\u2ffb\u3004\u3012-\u3013\u3020\u3036-\u3037\u303e-\u303f\u3190-\u3191\u3196-\u319f\u31c0-\u31e3\u3200-\u321e\u322a-\u3247\u3250\u3260-\u327f\u328a-\u32b0\u32c0-\u32fe\u3300-\u33ff\u4dc0-\u4dff\ua490-\ua4c6\ua828-\ua82b\ua836-\ua837\ua839\uaa77-\uaa79\ufdfd\uffe4\uffe8\uffed-\uffee\ufffc-\ufffd\U00010137-\U0001013f\U00010179-\U00010189\U0001018c-\U0001018e\U00010190-\U0001019b\U000101a0\U000101d0-\U000101fc\U00010877-\U00010878\U00010ac8\U0001173f\U00016b3c-\U00016b3f\U00016b45\U0001bc9c\U0001d000-\U0001d0f5\U0001d100-\U0001d126\U0001d129-\U0001d164\U0001d16a-\U0001d16c\U0001d183-\U0001d184\U0001d18c-\U0001d1a9\U0001d1ae-\U0001d1e8\U0001d200-\U0001d241\U0001d245\U0001d300-\U0001d356\U0001d800-\U0001d9ff\U0001da37-\U0001da3a\U0001da6d-\U0001da74\U0001da76-\U0001da83\U0001da85-\U0001da86\U0001ecac\U0001f000-\U0001f02b\U0001f030-\U0001f093\U0001f0a0-\U0001f0ae\U0001f0b1-\U0001f0bf\U0001f0c1-\U0001f0cf\U0001f0d1-\U0001f0f5\U0001f110-\U0001f16b\U0001f170-\U0001f1ac\U0001f1e6-\U0001f202\U0001f210-\U0001f23b\U0001f240-\U0001f248\U0001f250-\U0001f251\U0001f260-\U0001f265\U0001f300-\U0001f3fa\U0001f400-\U0001f6d4\U0001f6e0-\U0001f6ec\U0001f6f0-\U0001f6f9\U0001f700-\U0001f773\U0001f780-\U0001f7d8\U0001f800-\U0001f80b\U0001f810-\U0001f847\U0001f850-\U0001f859\U0001f860-\U0001f887\U0001f890-\U0001f8ad\U0001f900-\U0001f90b\U0001f910-\U0001f93e\U0001f940-\U0001f970\U0001f973-\U0001f976\U0001f97a\U0001f97c-\U0001f9a2\U0001f9b0-\U0001f9b9\U0001f9c0-\U0001f9c2\U0001f9d0-\U0001f9ff\U0001fa60-\U0001fa6d'
+
+Zl = '\u2028'
+
+Zp = '\u2029'
+
+Zs = ' \xa0\u1680\u2000-\u200a\u202f\u205f\u3000'
+
+xid_continue = 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+
+xid_start = 'A-Z_a-z\xaa\xb5\xba\xc0-\xd6\xd8-\xf6\xf8-\u02c1\u02c6-\u02d1\u02e0-\u02e4\u02ec\u02ee\u0370-\u0374\u0376-\u0377\u037b-\u037d\u037f\u0386\u0388-\u038a\u038c\u038e-\u03a1\u03a3-\u03f5\u03f7-\u0481\u048a-\u052f\u0531-\u0556\u0559\u0560-\u0588\u05d0-\u05ea\u05ef-\u05f2\u0620-\u064a\u066e-\u066f\u0671-\u06d3\u06d5\u06e5-\u06e6\u06ee-\u06ef\u06fa-\u06fc\u06ff\u0710\u0712-\u072f\u074d-\u07a5\u07b1\u07ca-\u07ea\u07f4-\u07f5\u07fa\u0800-\u0815\u081a\u0824\u0828\u0840-\u0858\u0860-\u086a\u08a0-\u08b4\u08b6-\u08bd\u0904-\u0939\u093d\u0950\u0958-\u0961\u0971-\u0980\u0985-\u098c\u098f-\u0990\u0993-\u09a8\u09aa-\u09b0\u09b2\u09b6-\u09b9\u09bd\u09ce\u09dc-\u09dd\u09df-\u09e1\u09f0-\u09f1\u09fc\u0a05-\u0a0a\u0a0f-\u0a10\u0a13-\u0a28\u0a2a-\u0a30\u0a32-\u0a33\u0a35-\u0a36\u0a38-\u0a39\u0a59-\u0a5c\u0a5e\u0a72-\u0a74\u0a85-\u0a8d\u0a8f-\u0a91\u0a93-\u0aa8\u0aaa-\u0ab0\u0ab2-\u0ab3\u0ab5-\u0ab9\u0abd\u0ad0\u0ae0-\u0ae1\u0af9\u0b05-\u0b0c\u0b0f-\u0b10\u0b13-\u0b28\u0b2a-\u0b30\u0b32-\u0b33\u0b35-\u0b39\u0b3d\u0b5c-\u0b5d\u0b5f-\u0b61\u0b71\u0b83\u0b85-\u0b8a\u0b8e-\u0b90\u0b92-\u0b95\u0b99-\u0b9a\u0b9c\u0b9e-\u0b9f\u0ba3-\u0ba4\u0ba8-\u0baa\u0bae-\u0bb9\u0bd0\u0c05-\u0c0c\u0c0e-\u0c10\u0c12-\u0c28\u0c2a-\u0c39\u0c3d\u0c58-\u0c5a\u0c60-\u0c61\u0c80\u0c85-\u0c8c\u0c8e-\u0c90\u0c92-\u0ca8\u0caa-\u0cb3\u0cb5-\u0cb9\u0cbd\u0cde\u0ce0-\u0ce1\u0cf1-\u0cf2\u0d05-\u0d0c\u0d0e-\u0d10\u0d12-\u0d3a\u0d3d\u0d4e\u0d54-\u0d56\u0d5f-\u0d61\u0d7a-\u0d7f\u0d85-\u0d96\u0d9a-\u0db1\u0db3-\u0dbb\u0dbd\u0dc0-\u0dc6\u0e01-\u0e30\u0e32\u0e40-\u0e46\u0e81-\u0e82\u0e84\u0e87-\u0e88\u0e8a\u0e8d\u0e94-\u0e97\u0e99-\u0e9f\u0ea1-\u0ea3\u0ea5\u0ea7\u0eaa-\u0eab\u0ead-\u0eb0\u0eb2\u0ebd\u0ec0-\u0ec4\u0ec6\u0edc-\u0edf\u0f00\u0f40-\u0f47\u0f49-\u0f6c\u0f88-\u0f8c\u1000-\u102a\u103f\u1050-\u1055\u105a-\u105d\u1061\u1065-\u1066\u106e-\u1070\u1075-\u1081\u108e\u10a0-\u10c5\u10c7\u10cd\u10d0-\u10fa\u10fc-\u1248\u124a-\u124d\u1250-\u1256\u1258\u125a-\u125d\u1260-\u1288\u128a-\u128d\u1290-\u12b0\u12b2-\u12b5\u12b8-\u12be\u12c0\u12c2-\u12c5\u12c8-\u12d6\u12d8-\u1310\u1312-\u1315\u1318-\u135a\u1380-\u138f\u13a0-\u13f5\u13f8-\u13fd\u1401-\u166c\u166f-\u167f\u1681-\u169a\u16a0-\u16ea\u16ee-\u16f8\u1700-\u170c\u170e-\u1711\u1720-\u1731\u1740-\u1751\u1760-\u176c\u176e-\u1770\u1780-\u17b3\u17d7\u17dc\u1820-\u1878\u1880-\u18a8\u18aa\u18b0-\u18f5\u1900-\u191e\u1950-\u196d\u1970-\u1974\u1980-\u19ab\u19b0-\u19c9\u1a00-\u1a16\u1a20-\u1a54\u1aa7\u1b05-\u1b33\u1b45-\u1b4b\u1b83-\u1ba0\u1bae-\u1baf\u1bba-\u1be5\u1c00-\u1c23\u1c4d-\u1c4f\u1c5a-\u1c7d\u1c80-\u1c88\u1c90-\u1cba\u1cbd-\u1cbf\u1ce9-\u1cec\u1cee-\u1cf1\u1cf5-\u1cf6\u1d00-\u1dbf\u1e00-\u1f15\u1f18-\u1f1d\u1f20-\u1f45\u1f48-\u1f4d\u1f50-\u1f57\u1f59\u1f5b\u1f5d\u1f5f-\u1f7d\u1f80-\u1fb4\u1fb6-\u1fbc\u1fbe\u1fc2-\u1fc4\u1fc6-\u1fcc\u1fd0-\u1fd3\u1fd6-\u1fdb\u1fe0-\u1fec\u1ff2-\u1ff4\u1ff6-\u1ffc\u2071\u207f\u2090-\u209c\u2102\u2107\u210a-\u2113\u2115\u2118-\u211d\u2124\u2126\u2128\u212a-\u2139\u213c-\u213f\u2145-\u2149\u214e\u2160-\u2188\u2c00-\u2c2e\u2c30-\u2c5e\u2c60-\u2ce4\u2ceb-\u2cee\u2cf2-\u2cf3\u2d00-\u2d25\u2d27\u2d2d\u2d30-\u2d67\u2d6f\u2d80-\u2d96\u2da0-\u2da6\u2da8-\u2dae\u2db0-\u2db6\u2db8-\u2dbe\u2dc0-\u2dc6\u2dc8-\u2dce\u2dd0-\u2dd6\u2dd8-\u2dde\u3005-\u3007\u3021-\u3029\u3031-\u3035\u3038-\u303c\u3041-\u3096\u309d-\u309f\u30a1-\u30fa\u30fc-\u30ff\u3105-\u312f\u3131-\u318e\u31a0-\u31ba\u31f0-\u31ff\u3400-\u4db5\u4e00-\u9fef\ua000-\ua48c\ua4d0-\ua4fd\ua500-\ua60c\ua610-\ua61f\ua62a-\ua62b\ua640-\ua66e\ua67f-\ua69d\ua6a0-\ua6ef\ua717-\ua71f\ua722-\ua788\ua78b-\ua7b9\ua7f7-\ua801\ua803-\ua805\ua807-\ua80a\ua80c-\ua822\ua840-\ua873\ua882-\ua8b3\ua8f2-\ua8f7\ua8fb\ua8fd-\ua8fe\ua90a-\ua925\ua930-\ua946\ua960-\ua97c\ua984-\ua9b2\ua9cf\ua9e0-\ua9e4\ua9e6-\ua9ef\ua9fa-\ua9fe\uaa00-\uaa28\uaa40-\uaa42\uaa44-\uaa4b\uaa60-\uaa76\uaa7a\uaa7e-\uaaaf\uaab1\uaab5-\uaab6\uaab9-\uaabd\uaac0\uaac2\uaadb-\uaadd\uaae0-\uaaea\uaaf2-\uaaf4\uab01-\uab06\uab09-\uab0e\uab11-\uab16\uab20-\uab26\uab28-\uab2e\uab30-\uab5a\uab5c-\uab65\uab70-\uabe2\uac00-\ud7a3\ud7b0-\ud7c6\ud7cb-\ud7fb\uf900-\ufa6d\ufa70-\ufad9\ufb00-\ufb06\ufb13-\ufb17\ufb1d\ufb1f-\ufb28\ufb2a-\ufb36\ufb38-\ufb3c\ufb3e\ufb40-\ufb41\ufb43-\ufb44\ufb46-\ufbb1\ufbd3-\ufc5d\ufc64-\ufd3d\ufd50-\ufd8f\ufd92-\ufdc7\ufdf0-\ufdf9\ufe71\ufe73\ufe77\ufe79\ufe7b\ufe7d\ufe7f-\ufefc\uff21-\uff3a\uff41-\uff5a\uff66-\uff9d\uffa0-\uffbe\uffc2-\uffc7\uffca-\uffcf\uffd2-\uffd7\uffda-\uffdc\U00010000-\U0001000b\U0001000d-\U00010026\U00010028-\U0001003a\U0001003c-\U0001003d\U0001003f-\U0001004d\U00010050-\U0001005d\U00010080-\U000100fa\U00010140-\U00010174\U00010280-\U0001029c\U000102a0-\U000102d0\U00010300-\U0001031f\U0001032d-\U0001034a\U00010350-\U00010375\U00010380-\U0001039d\U000103a0-\U000103c3\U000103c8-\U000103cf\U000103d1-\U000103d5\U00010400-\U0001049d\U000104b0-\U000104d3\U000104d8-\U000104fb\U00010500-\U00010527\U00010530-\U00010563\U00010600-\U00010736\U00010740-\U00010755\U00010760-\U00010767\U00010800-\U00010805\U00010808\U0001080a-\U00010835\U00010837-\U00010838\U0001083c\U0001083f-\U00010855\U00010860-\U00010876\U00010880-\U0001089e\U000108e0-\U000108f2\U000108f4-\U000108f5\U00010900-\U00010915\U00010920-\U00010939\U00010980-\U000109b7\U000109be-\U000109bf\U00010a00\U00010a10-\U00010a13\U00010a15-\U00010a17\U00010a19-\U00010a35\U00010a60-\U00010a7c\U00010a80-\U00010a9c\U00010ac0-\U00010ac7\U00010ac9-\U00010ae4\U00010b00-\U00010b35\U00010b40-\U00010b55\U00010b60-\U00010b72\U00010b80-\U00010b91\U00010c00-\U00010c48\U00010c80-\U00010cb2\U00010cc0-\U00010cf2\U00010d00-\U00010d23\U00010f00-\U00010f1c\U00010f27\U00010f30-\U00010f45\U00011003-\U00011037\U00011083-\U000110af\U000110d0-\U000110e8\U00011103-\U00011126\U00011144\U00011150-\U00011172\U00011176\U00011183-\U000111b2\U000111c1-\U000111c4\U000111da\U000111dc\U00011200-\U00011211\U00011213-\U0001122b\U00011280-\U00011286\U00011288\U0001128a-\U0001128d\U0001128f-\U0001129d\U0001129f-\U000112a8\U000112b0-\U000112de\U00011305-\U0001130c\U0001130f-\U00011310\U00011313-\U00011328\U0001132a-\U00011330\U00011332-\U00011333\U00011335-\U00011339\U0001133d\U00011350\U0001135d-\U00011361\U00011400-\U00011434\U00011447-\U0001144a\U00011480-\U000114af\U000114c4-\U000114c5\U000114c7\U00011580-\U000115ae\U000115d8-\U000115db\U00011600-\U0001162f\U00011644\U00011680-\U000116aa\U00011700-\U0001171a\U00011800-\U0001182b\U000118a0-\U000118df\U000118ff\U00011a00\U00011a0b-\U00011a32\U00011a3a\U00011a50\U00011a5c-\U00011a83\U00011a86-\U00011a89\U00011a9d\U00011ac0-\U00011af8\U00011c00-\U00011c08\U00011c0a-\U00011c2e\U00011c40\U00011c72-\U00011c8f\U00011d00-\U00011d06\U00011d08-\U00011d09\U00011d0b-\U00011d30\U00011d46\U00011d60-\U00011d65\U00011d67-\U00011d68\U00011d6a-\U00011d89\U00011d98\U00011ee0-\U00011ef2\U00012000-\U00012399\U00012400-\U0001246e\U00012480-\U00012543\U00013000-\U0001342e\U00014400-\U00014646\U00016800-\U00016a38\U00016a40-\U00016a5e\U00016ad0-\U00016aed\U00016b00-\U00016b2f\U00016b40-\U00016b43\U00016b63-\U00016b77\U00016b7d-\U00016b8f\U00016e40-\U00016e7f\U00016f00-\U00016f44\U00016f50\U00016f93-\U00016f9f\U00016fe0-\U00016fe1\U00017000-\U000187f1\U00018800-\U00018af2\U0001b000-\U0001b11e\U0001b170-\U0001b2fb\U0001bc00-\U0001bc6a\U0001bc70-\U0001bc7c\U0001bc80-\U0001bc88\U0001bc90-\U0001bc99\U0001d400-\U0001d454\U0001d456-\U0001d49c\U0001d49e-\U0001d49f\U0001d4a2\U0001d4a5-\U0001d4a6\U0001d4a9-\U0001d4ac\U0001d4ae-\U0001d4b9\U0001d4bb\U0001d4bd-\U0001d4c3\U0001d4c5-\U0001d505\U0001d507-\U0001d50a\U0001d50d-\U0001d514\U0001d516-\U0001d51c\U0001d51e-\U0001d539\U0001d53b-\U0001d53e\U0001d540-\U0001d544\U0001d546\U0001d54a-\U0001d550\U0001d552-\U0001d6a5\U0001d6a8-\U0001d6c0\U0001d6c2-\U0001d6da\U0001d6dc-\U0001d6fa\U0001d6fc-\U0001d714\U0001d716-\U0001d734\U0001d736-\U0001d74e\U0001d750-\U0001d76e\U0001d770-\U0001d788\U0001d78a-\U0001d7a8\U0001d7aa-\U0001d7c2\U0001d7c4-\U0001d7cb\U0001e800-\U0001e8c4\U0001e900-\U0001e943\U0001ee00-\U0001ee03\U0001ee05-\U0001ee1f\U0001ee21-\U0001ee22\U0001ee24\U0001ee27\U0001ee29-\U0001ee32\U0001ee34-\U0001ee37\U0001ee39\U0001ee3b\U0001ee42\U0001ee47\U0001ee49\U0001ee4b\U0001ee4d-\U0001ee4f\U0001ee51-\U0001ee52\U0001ee54\U0001ee57\U0001ee59\U0001ee5b\U0001ee5d\U0001ee5f\U0001ee61-\U0001ee62\U0001ee64\U0001ee67-\U0001ee6a\U0001ee6c-\U0001ee72\U0001ee74-\U0001ee77\U0001ee79-\U0001ee7c\U0001ee7e\U0001ee80-\U0001ee89\U0001ee8b-\U0001ee9b\U0001eea1-\U0001eea3\U0001eea5-\U0001eea9\U0001eeab-\U0001eebb\U00020000-\U0002a6d6\U0002a700-\U0002b734\U0002b740-\U0002b81d\U0002b820-\U0002cea1\U0002ceb0-\U0002ebe0\U0002f800-\U0002fa1d'
+
+cats = ['Cc', 'Cf', 'Cn', 'Co', 'Cs', 'Ll', 'Lm', 'Lo', 'Lt', 'Lu', 'Mc', 'Me', 'Mn', 'Nd', 'Nl', 'No', 'Pc', 'Pd', 'Pe', 'Pf', 'Pi', 'Po', 'Ps', 'Sc', 'Sk', 'Sm', 'So', 'Zl', 'Zp', 'Zs']
+
+# Generated from unidata 11.0.0
+
+def combine(*args):
+    return ''.join(globals()[cat] for cat in args)
+
+
+def allexcept(*args):
+    newcats = cats[:]
+    for arg in args:
+        newcats.remove(arg)
+    return ''.join(globals()[cat] for cat in newcats)
+
+
+def _handle_runs(char_list):  # pragma: no cover
+    buf = []
+    for c in char_list:
+        if len(c) == 1:
+            if buf and buf[-1][1] == chr(ord(c)-1):
+                buf[-1] = (buf[-1][0], c)
+            else:
+                buf.append((c, c))
+        else:
+            buf.append((c, c))
+    for a, b in buf:
+        if a == b:
+            yield a
+        else:
+            yield '%s-%s' % (a, b)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':  # pragma: no cover
+    import unicodedata
+
+    categories = {'xid_start': [], 'xid_continue': []}
+
+    with open(__file__) as fp:
+        content = fp.read()
+
+    header = content[:content.find('Cc =')]
+    footer = content[content.find("def combine("):]
+
+    for code in range(0x110000):
+        c = chr(code)
+        cat = unicodedata.category(c)
+        if ord(c) == 0xdc00:
+            # Hack to avoid combining this combining with the preceeding high
+            # surrogate, 0xdbff, when doing a repr.
+            c = '\\' + c
+        elif ord(c) in (0x2d, 0x5b, 0x5c, 0x5d, 0x5e):
+            # Escape regex metachars.
+            c = '\\' + c
+        categories.setdefault(cat, []).append(c)
+        # XID_START and XID_CONTINUE are special categories used for matching
+        # identifiers in Python 3.
+        if c.isidentifier():
+            categories['xid_start'].append(c)
+        if ('a' + c).isidentifier():
+            categories['xid_continue'].append(c)
+
+    with open(__file__, 'w') as fp:
+        fp.write(header)
+
+        for cat in sorted(categories):
+            val = ''.join(_handle_runs(categories[cat]))
+            fp.write('%s = %a\n\n' % (cat, val))
+
+        cats = sorted(categories)
+        cats.remove('xid_start')
+        cats.remove('xid_continue')
+        fp.write('cats = %r\n\n' % cats)
+
+        fp.write('# Generated from unidata %s\n\n' % (unicodedata.unidata_version,))
+
+        fp.write(footer)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d6ddc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pygments/util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+"""
+    pygments.util
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Utility functions.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2006-2021 by the Pygments team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import re
+from io import TextIOWrapper
+
+
+split_path_re = re.compile(r'[/\\ ]')
+doctype_lookup_re = re.compile(r'''
+    <!DOCTYPE\s+(
+     [a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9]*
+     (?: \s+      # optional in HTML5
+     [a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9]*\s+
+     "[^"]*")?
+     )
+     [^>]*>
+''', re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE | re.VERBOSE)
+tag_re = re.compile(r'<(.+?)(\s.*?)?>.*?</.+?>',
+                    re.UNICODE | re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE)
+xml_decl_re = re.compile(r'\s*<\?xml[^>]*\?>', re.I)
+
+
+class ClassNotFound(ValueError):
+    """Raised if one of the lookup functions didn't find a matching class."""
+
+
+class OptionError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+def get_choice_opt(options, optname, allowed, default=None, normcase=False):
+    string = options.get(optname, default)
+    if normcase:
+        string = string.lower()
+    if string not in allowed:
+        raise OptionError('Value for option %s must be one of %s' %
+                          (optname, ', '.join(map(str, allowed))))
+    return string
+
+
+def get_bool_opt(options, optname, default=None):
+    string = options.get(optname, default)
+    if isinstance(string, bool):
+        return string
+    elif isinstance(string, int):
+        return bool(string)
+    elif not isinstance(string, str):
+        raise OptionError('Invalid type %r for option %s; use '
+                          '1/0, yes/no, true/false, on/off' % (
+                              string, optname))
+    elif string.lower() in ('1', 'yes', 'true', 'on'):
+        return True
+    elif string.lower() in ('0', 'no', 'false', 'off'):
+        return False
+    else:
+        raise OptionError('Invalid value %r for option %s; use '
+                          '1/0, yes/no, true/false, on/off' % (
+                              string, optname))
+
+
+def get_int_opt(options, optname, default=None):
+    string = options.get(optname, default)
+    try:
+        return int(string)
+    except TypeError:
+        raise OptionError('Invalid type %r for option %s; you '
+                          'must give an integer value' % (
+                              string, optname))
+    except ValueError:
+        raise OptionError('Invalid value %r for option %s; you '
+                          'must give an integer value' % (
+                              string, optname))
+
+
+def get_list_opt(options, optname, default=None):
+    val = options.get(optname, default)
+    if isinstance(val, str):
+        return val.split()
+    elif isinstance(val, (list, tuple)):
+        return list(val)
+    else:
+        raise OptionError('Invalid type %r for option %s; you '
+                          'must give a list value' % (
+                              val, optname))
+
+
+def docstring_headline(obj):
+    if not obj.__doc__:
+        return ''
+    res = []
+    for line in obj.__doc__.strip().splitlines():
+        if line.strip():
+            res.append(" " + line.strip())
+        else:
+            break
+    return ''.join(res).lstrip()
+
+
+def make_analysator(f):
+    """Return a static text analyser function that returns float values."""
+    def text_analyse(text):
+        try:
+            rv = f(text)
+        except Exception:
+            return 0.0
+        if not rv:
+            return 0.0
+        try:
+            return min(1.0, max(0.0, float(rv)))
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            return 0.0
+    text_analyse.__doc__ = f.__doc__
+    return staticmethod(text_analyse)
+
+
+def shebang_matches(text, regex):
+    r"""Check if the given regular expression matches the last part of the
+    shebang if one exists.
+
+        >>> from pygments.util import shebang_matches
+        >>> shebang_matches('#!/usr/bin/env python', r'python(2\.\d)?')
+        True
+        >>> shebang_matches('#!/usr/bin/python2.4', r'python(2\.\d)?')
+        True
+        >>> shebang_matches('#!/usr/bin/python-ruby', r'python(2\.\d)?')
+        False
+        >>> shebang_matches('#!/usr/bin/python/ruby', r'python(2\.\d)?')
+        False
+        >>> shebang_matches('#!/usr/bin/startsomethingwith python',
+        ...                 r'python(2\.\d)?')
+        True
+
+    It also checks for common windows executable file extensions::
+
+        >>> shebang_matches('#!C:\\Python2.4\\Python.exe', r'python(2\.\d)?')
+        True
+
+    Parameters (``'-f'`` or ``'--foo'`` are ignored so ``'perl'`` does
+    the same as ``'perl -e'``)
+
+    Note that this method automatically searches the whole string (eg:
+    the regular expression is wrapped in ``'^$'``)
+    """
+    index = text.find('\n')
+    if index >= 0:
+        first_line = text[:index].lower()
+    else:
+        first_line = text.lower()
+    if first_line.startswith('#!'):
+        try:
+            found = [x for x in split_path_re.split(first_line[2:].strip())
+                     if x and not x.startswith('-')][-1]
+        except IndexError:
+            return False
+        regex = re.compile(r'^%s(\.(exe|cmd|bat|bin))?$' % regex, re.IGNORECASE)
+        if regex.search(found) is not None:
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+def doctype_matches(text, regex):
+    """Check if the doctype matches a regular expression (if present).
+
+    Note that this method only checks the first part of a DOCTYPE.
+    eg: 'html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"'
+    """
+    m = doctype_lookup_re.search(text)
+    if m is None:
+        return False
+    doctype = m.group(1)
+    return re.compile(regex, re.I).match(doctype.strip()) is not None
+
+
+def html_doctype_matches(text):
+    """Check if the file looks like it has a html doctype."""
+    return doctype_matches(text, r'html')
+
+
+_looks_like_xml_cache = {}
+
+
+def looks_like_xml(text):
+    """Check if a doctype exists or if we have some tags."""
+    if xml_decl_re.match(text):
+        return True
+    key = hash(text)
+    try:
+        return _looks_like_xml_cache[key]
+    except KeyError:
+        m = doctype_lookup_re.search(text)
+        if m is not None:
+            return True
+        rv = tag_re.search(text[:1000]) is not None
+        _looks_like_xml_cache[key] = rv
+        return rv
+
+
+def surrogatepair(c):
+    """Given a unicode character code with length greater than 16 bits,
+    return the two 16 bit surrogate pair.
+    """
+    # From example D28 of:
+    # http://www.unicode.org/book/ch03.pdf
+    return (0xd7c0 + (c >> 10), (0xdc00 + (c & 0x3ff)))
+
+
+def format_lines(var_name, seq, raw=False, indent_level=0):
+    """Formats a sequence of strings for output."""
+    lines = []
+    base_indent = ' ' * indent_level * 4
+    inner_indent = ' ' * (indent_level + 1) * 4
+    lines.append(base_indent + var_name + ' = (')
+    if raw:
+        # These should be preformatted reprs of, say, tuples.
+        for i in seq:
+            lines.append(inner_indent + i + ',')
+    else:
+        for i in seq:
+            # Force use of single quotes
+            r = repr(i + '"')
+            lines.append(inner_indent + r[:-2] + r[-1] + ',')
+    lines.append(base_indent + ')')
+    return '\n'.join(lines)
+
+
+def duplicates_removed(it, already_seen=()):
+    """
+    Returns a list with duplicates removed from the iterable `it`.
+
+    Order is preserved.
+    """
+    lst = []
+    seen = set()
+    for i in it:
+        if i in seen or i in already_seen:
+            continue
+        lst.append(i)
+        seen.add(i)
+    return lst
+
+
+class Future:
+    """Generic class to defer some work.
+
+    Handled specially in RegexLexerMeta, to support regex string construction at
+    first use.
+    """
+    def get(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+def guess_decode(text):
+    """Decode *text* with guessed encoding.
+
+    First try UTF-8; this should fail for non-UTF-8 encodings.
+    Then try the preferred locale encoding.
+    Fall back to latin-1, which always works.
+    """
+    try:
+        text = text.decode('utf-8')
+        return text, 'utf-8'
+    except UnicodeDecodeError:
+        try:
+            import locale
+            prefencoding = locale.getpreferredencoding()
+            text = text.decode()
+            return text, prefencoding
+        except (UnicodeDecodeError, LookupError):
+            text = text.decode('latin1')
+            return text, 'latin1'
+
+
+def guess_decode_from_terminal(text, term):
+    """Decode *text* coming from terminal *term*.
+
+    First try the terminal encoding, if given.
+    Then try UTF-8.  Then try the preferred locale encoding.
+    Fall back to latin-1, which always works.
+    """
+    if getattr(term, 'encoding', None):
+        try:
+            text = text.decode(term.encoding)
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            return text, term.encoding
+    return guess_decode(text)
+
+
+def terminal_encoding(term):
+    """Return our best guess of encoding for the given *term*."""
+    if getattr(term, 'encoding', None):
+        return term.encoding
+    import locale
+    return locale.getpreferredencoding()
+
+
+class UnclosingTextIOWrapper(TextIOWrapper):
+    # Don't close underlying buffer on destruction.
+    def close(self):
+        self.flush()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbc6d8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+# module pyparsing.py
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2003-2021  Paul T. McGuire
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+# the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+# CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+# TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+# SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#
+
+__doc__ = """
+pyparsing module - Classes and methods to define and execute parsing grammars
+=============================================================================
+
+The pyparsing module is an alternative approach to creating and
+executing simple grammars, vs. the traditional lex/yacc approach, or the
+use of regular expressions.  With pyparsing, you don't need to learn
+a new syntax for defining grammars or matching expressions - the parsing
+module provides a library of classes that you use to construct the
+grammar directly in Python.
+
+Here is a program to parse "Hello, World!" (or any greeting of the form
+``"<salutation>, <addressee>!"``), built up using :class:`Word`,
+:class:`Literal`, and :class:`And` elements
+(the :meth:`'+'<ParserElement.__add__>` operators create :class:`And` expressions,
+and the strings are auto-converted to :class:`Literal` expressions)::
+
+    from pip._vendor.pyparsing import Word, alphas
+
+    # define grammar of a greeting
+    greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+
+    hello = "Hello, World!"
+    print(hello, "->", greet.parse_string(hello))
+
+The program outputs the following::
+
+    Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+
+The Python representation of the grammar is quite readable, owing to the
+self-explanatory class names, and the use of :class:`'+'<And>`,
+:class:`'|'<MatchFirst>`, :class:`'^'<Or>` and :class:`'&'<Each>` operators.
+
+The :class:`ParseResults` object returned from
+:class:`ParserElement.parseString` can be
+accessed as a nested list, a dictionary, or an object with named
+attributes.
+
+The pyparsing module handles some of the problems that are typically
+vexing when writing text parsers:
+
+  - extra or missing whitespace (the above program will also handle
+    "Hello,World!", "Hello  ,  World  !", etc.)
+  - quoted strings
+  - embedded comments
+
+
+Getting Started -
+-----------------
+Visit the classes :class:`ParserElement` and :class:`ParseResults` to
+see the base classes that most other pyparsing
+classes inherit from. Use the docstrings for examples of how to:
+
+ - construct literal match expressions from :class:`Literal` and
+   :class:`CaselessLiteral` classes
+ - construct character word-group expressions using the :class:`Word`
+   class
+ - see how to create repetitive expressions using :class:`ZeroOrMore`
+   and :class:`OneOrMore` classes
+ - use :class:`'+'<And>`, :class:`'|'<MatchFirst>`, :class:`'^'<Or>`,
+   and :class:`'&'<Each>` operators to combine simple expressions into
+   more complex ones
+ - associate names with your parsed results using
+   :class:`ParserElement.setResultsName`
+ - access the parsed data, which is returned as a :class:`ParseResults`
+   object
+ - find some helpful expression short-cuts like :class:`delimitedList`
+   and :class:`oneOf`
+ - find more useful common expressions in the :class:`pyparsing_common`
+   namespace class
+"""
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+
+class version_info(NamedTuple):
+    major: int
+    minor: int
+    micro: int
+    releaselevel: str
+    serial: int
+
+    @property
+    def __version__(self):
+        return "{}.{}.{}".format(self.major, self.minor, self.micro) + (
+            "{}{}{}".format(
+                "r" if self.releaselevel[0] == "c" else "",
+                self.releaselevel[0],
+                self.serial,
+            ),
+            "",
+        )[self.releaselevel == "final"]
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "{} {} / {}".format(__name__, self.__version__, __version_time__)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "{}.{}({})".format(
+            __name__,
+            type(self).__name__,
+            ", ".join("{}={!r}".format(*nv) for nv in zip(self._fields, self)),
+        )
+
+
+__version_info__ = version_info(3, 0, 7, "final", 0)
+__version_time__ = "15 Jan 2022 04:10 UTC"
+__version__ = __version_info__.__version__
+__versionTime__ = __version_time__
+__author__ = "Paul McGuire <ptmcg.gm+pyparsing@gmail.com>"
+
+from .util import *
+from .exceptions import *
+from .actions import *
+from .core import __diag__, __compat__
+from .results import *
+from .core import *
+from .core import _builtin_exprs as core_builtin_exprs
+from .helpers import *
+from .helpers import _builtin_exprs as helper_builtin_exprs
+
+from .unicode import unicode_set, UnicodeRangeList, pyparsing_unicode as unicode
+from .testing import pyparsing_test as testing
+from .common import (
+    pyparsing_common as common,
+    _builtin_exprs as common_builtin_exprs,
+)
+
+# define backward compat synonyms
+if "pyparsing_unicode" not in globals():
+    pyparsing_unicode = unicode
+if "pyparsing_common" not in globals():
+    pyparsing_common = common
+if "pyparsing_test" not in globals():
+    pyparsing_test = testing
+
+core_builtin_exprs += common_builtin_exprs + helper_builtin_exprs
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__version__",
+    "__version_time__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__compat__",
+    "__diag__",
+    "And",
+    "AtLineStart",
+    "AtStringStart",
+    "CaselessKeyword",
+    "CaselessLiteral",
+    "CharsNotIn",
+    "Combine",
+    "Dict",
+    "Each",
+    "Empty",
+    "FollowedBy",
+    "Forward",
+    "GoToColumn",
+    "Group",
+    "IndentedBlock",
+    "Keyword",
+    "LineEnd",
+    "LineStart",
+    "Literal",
+    "Located",
+    "PrecededBy",
+    "MatchFirst",
+    "NoMatch",
+    "NotAny",
+    "OneOrMore",
+    "OnlyOnce",
+    "OpAssoc",
+    "Opt",
+    "Optional",
+    "Or",
+    "ParseBaseException",
+    "ParseElementEnhance",
+    "ParseException",
+    "ParseExpression",
+    "ParseFatalException",
+    "ParseResults",
+    "ParseSyntaxException",
+    "ParserElement",
+    "PositionToken",
+    "QuotedString",
+    "RecursiveGrammarException",
+    "Regex",
+    "SkipTo",
+    "StringEnd",
+    "StringStart",
+    "Suppress",
+    "Token",
+    "TokenConverter",
+    "White",
+    "Word",
+    "WordEnd",
+    "WordStart",
+    "ZeroOrMore",
+    "Char",
+    "alphanums",
+    "alphas",
+    "alphas8bit",
+    "any_close_tag",
+    "any_open_tag",
+    "c_style_comment",
+    "col",
+    "common_html_entity",
+    "counted_array",
+    "cpp_style_comment",
+    "dbl_quoted_string",
+    "dbl_slash_comment",
+    "delimited_list",
+    "dict_of",
+    "empty",
+    "hexnums",
+    "html_comment",
+    "identchars",
+    "identbodychars",
+    "java_style_comment",
+    "line",
+    "line_end",
+    "line_start",
+    "lineno",
+    "make_html_tags",
+    "make_xml_tags",
+    "match_only_at_col",
+    "match_previous_expr",
+    "match_previous_literal",
+    "nested_expr",
+    "null_debug_action",
+    "nums",
+    "one_of",
+    "printables",
+    "punc8bit",
+    "python_style_comment",
+    "quoted_string",
+    "remove_quotes",
+    "replace_with",
+    "replace_html_entity",
+    "rest_of_line",
+    "sgl_quoted_string",
+    "srange",
+    "string_end",
+    "string_start",
+    "trace_parse_action",
+    "unicode_string",
+    "with_attribute",
+    "indentedBlock",
+    "original_text_for",
+    "ungroup",
+    "infix_notation",
+    "locatedExpr",
+    "with_class",
+    "CloseMatch",
+    "token_map",
+    "pyparsing_common",
+    "pyparsing_unicode",
+    "unicode_set",
+    "condition_as_parse_action",
+    "pyparsing_test",
+    # pre-PEP8 compatibility names
+    "__versionTime__",
+    "anyCloseTag",
+    "anyOpenTag",
+    "cStyleComment",
+    "commonHTMLEntity",
+    "countedArray",
+    "cppStyleComment",
+    "dblQuotedString",
+    "dblSlashComment",
+    "delimitedList",
+    "dictOf",
+    "htmlComment",
+    "javaStyleComment",
+    "lineEnd",
+    "lineStart",
+    "makeHTMLTags",
+    "makeXMLTags",
+    "matchOnlyAtCol",
+    "matchPreviousExpr",
+    "matchPreviousLiteral",
+    "nestedExpr",
+    "nullDebugAction",
+    "oneOf",
+    "opAssoc",
+    "pythonStyleComment",
+    "quotedString",
+    "removeQuotes",
+    "replaceHTMLEntity",
+    "replaceWith",
+    "restOfLine",
+    "sglQuotedString",
+    "stringEnd",
+    "stringStart",
+    "traceParseAction",
+    "unicodeString",
+    "withAttribute",
+    "indentedBlock",
+    "originalTextFor",
+    "infixNotation",
+    "locatedExpr",
+    "withClass",
+    "tokenMap",
+    "conditionAsParseAction",
+    "autoname_elements",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/actions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/actions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2bcc550
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/actions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+# actions.py
+
+from .exceptions import ParseException
+from .util import col
+
+
+class OnlyOnce:
+    """
+    Wrapper for parse actions, to ensure they are only called once.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, method_call):
+        from .core import _trim_arity
+
+        self.callable = _trim_arity(method_call)
+        self.called = False
+
+    def __call__(self, s, l, t):
+        if not self.called:
+            results = self.callable(s, l, t)
+            self.called = True
+            return results
+        raise ParseException(s, l, "OnlyOnce obj called multiple times w/out reset")
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """
+        Allow the associated parse action to be called once more.
+        """
+
+        self.called = False
+
+
+def match_only_at_col(n):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining parse actions that require matching at
+    a specific column in the input text.
+    """
+
+    def verify_col(strg, locn, toks):
+        if col(locn, strg) != n:
+            raise ParseException(strg, locn, "matched token not at column {}".format(n))
+
+    return verify_col
+
+
+def replace_with(repl_str):
+    """
+    Helper method for common parse actions that simply return
+    a literal value.  Especially useful when used with
+    :class:`transform_string<ParserElement.transform_string>` ().
+
+    Example::
+
+        num = Word(nums).set_parse_action(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+        na = one_of("N/A NA").set_parse_action(replace_with(math.nan))
+        term = na | num
+
+        OneOrMore(term).parse_string("324 234 N/A 234") # -> [324, 234, nan, 234]
+    """
+    return lambda s, l, t: [repl_str]
+
+
+def remove_quotes(s, l, t):
+    """
+    Helper parse action for removing quotation marks from parsed
+    quoted strings.
+
+    Example::
+
+        # by default, quotation marks are included in parsed results
+        quoted_string.parse_string("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'"]
+
+        # use remove_quotes to strip quotation marks from parsed results
+        quoted_string.set_parse_action(remove_quotes)
+        quoted_string.parse_string("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["Now is the Winter of our Discontent"]
+    """
+    return t[0][1:-1]
+
+
+def with_attribute(*args, **attr_dict):
+    """
+    Helper to create a validating parse action to be used with start
+    tags created with :class:`make_xml_tags` or
+    :class:`make_html_tags`. Use ``with_attribute`` to qualify
+    a starting tag with a required attribute value, to avoid false
+    matches on common tags such as ``<TD>`` or ``<DIV>``.
+
+    Call ``with_attribute`` with a series of attribute names and
+    values. Specify the list of filter attributes names and values as:
+
+    - keyword arguments, as in ``(align="right")``, or
+    - as an explicit dict with ``**`` operator, when an attribute
+      name is also a Python reserved word, as in ``**{"class":"Customer", "align":"right"}``
+    - a list of name-value tuples, as in ``(("ns1:class", "Customer"), ("ns2:align", "right"))``
+
+    For attribute names with a namespace prefix, you must use the second
+    form.  Attribute names are matched insensitive to upper/lower case.
+
+    If just testing for ``class`` (with or without a namespace), use
+    :class:`with_class`.
+
+    To verify that the attribute exists, but without specifying a value,
+    pass ``with_attribute.ANY_VALUE`` as the value.
+
+    Example::
+
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div type="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div type="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this has no type</div>
+            </div>
+
+        '''
+        div,div_end = make_html_tags("div")
+
+        # only match div tag having a type attribute with value "grid"
+        div_grid = div().set_parse_action(with_attribute(type="grid"))
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.search_string(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+
+        # construct a match with any div tag having a type attribute, regardless of the value
+        div_any_type = div().set_parse_action(with_attribute(type=with_attribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.search_string(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+
+    prints::
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    if args:
+        attrs = args[:]
+    else:
+        attrs = attr_dict.items()
+    attrs = [(k, v) for k, v in attrs]
+
+    def pa(s, l, tokens):
+        for attrName, attrValue in attrs:
+            if attrName not in tokens:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, "no matching attribute " + attrName)
+            if attrValue != with_attribute.ANY_VALUE and tokens[attrName] != attrValue:
+                raise ParseException(
+                    s,
+                    l,
+                    "attribute {!r} has value {!r}, must be {!r}".format(
+                        attrName, tokens[attrName], attrValue
+                    ),
+                )
+
+    return pa
+
+
+with_attribute.ANY_VALUE = object()
+
+
+def with_class(classname, namespace=""):
+    """
+    Simplified version of :class:`with_attribute` when
+    matching on a div class - made difficult because ``class`` is
+    a reserved word in Python.
+
+    Example::
+
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div class="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div class="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this &lt;div&gt; has no class</div>
+            </div>
+
+        '''
+        div,div_end = make_html_tags("div")
+        div_grid = div().set_parse_action(with_class("grid"))
+
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.search_string(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+
+        div_any_type = div().set_parse_action(with_class(withAttribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.search_string(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+
+    prints::
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    classattr = "{}:class".format(namespace) if namespace else "class"
+    return with_attribute(**{classattr: classname})
+
+
+# pre-PEP8 compatibility symbols
+replaceWith = replace_with
+removeQuotes = remove_quotes
+withAttribute = with_attribute
+withClass = with_class
+matchOnlyAtCol = match_only_at_col
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/common.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/common.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1859fb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/common.py
@@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
+# common.py
+from .core import *
+from .helpers import delimited_list, any_open_tag, any_close_tag
+from datetime import datetime
+
+
+# some other useful expressions - using lower-case class name since we are really using this as a namespace
+class pyparsing_common:
+    """Here are some common low-level expressions that may be useful in
+    jump-starting parser development:
+
+    - numeric forms (:class:`integers<integer>`, :class:`reals<real>`,
+      :class:`scientific notation<sci_real>`)
+    - common :class:`programming identifiers<identifier>`
+    - network addresses (:class:`MAC<mac_address>`,
+      :class:`IPv4<ipv4_address>`, :class:`IPv6<ipv6_address>`)
+    - ISO8601 :class:`dates<iso8601_date>` and
+      :class:`datetime<iso8601_datetime>`
+    - :class:`UUID<uuid>`
+    - :class:`comma-separated list<comma_separated_list>`
+    - :class:`url`
+
+    Parse actions:
+
+    - :class:`convertToInteger`
+    - :class:`convertToFloat`
+    - :class:`convertToDate`
+    - :class:`convertToDatetime`
+    - :class:`stripHTMLTags`
+    - :class:`upcaseTokens`
+    - :class:`downcaseTokens`
+
+    Example::
+
+        pyparsing_common.number.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fnumber.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as float
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.hex_integer.runTests('''
+            # hex numbers
+            100
+            FF
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fraction.runTests('''
+            # fractions
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.mixed_integer.runTests('''
+            # mixed fractions
+            1
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            1-3/4
+            ''')
+
+        import uuid
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.setParseAction(tokenMap(uuid.UUID))
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.runTests('''
+            # uuid
+            12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+            ''')
+
+    prints::
+
+        # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+        100
+        [100]
+
+        -100
+        [-100]
+
+        +100
+        [100]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # any int or real number, returned as float
+        100
+        [100.0]
+
+        -100
+        [-100.0]
+
+        +100
+        [100.0]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # hex numbers
+        100
+        [256]
+
+        FF
+        [255]
+
+        # fractions
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        # mixed fractions
+        1
+        [1]
+
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        1-3/4
+        [1.75]
+
+        # uuid
+        12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+        [UUID('12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678')]
+    """
+
+    convert_to_integer = token_map(int)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed integers to Python int
+    """
+
+    convert_to_float = token_map(float)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed numbers to Python float
+    """
+
+    integer = Word(nums).set_name("integer").set_parse_action(convert_to_integer)
+    """expression that parses an unsigned integer, returns an int"""
+
+    hex_integer = (
+        Word(hexnums).set_name("hex integer").set_parse_action(token_map(int, 16))
+    )
+    """expression that parses a hexadecimal integer, returns an int"""
+
+    signed_integer = (
+        Regex(r"[+-]?\d+")
+        .set_name("signed integer")
+        .set_parse_action(convert_to_integer)
+    )
+    """expression that parses an integer with optional leading sign, returns an int"""
+
+    fraction = (
+        signed_integer().set_parse_action(convert_to_float)
+        + "/"
+        + signed_integer().set_parse_action(convert_to_float)
+    ).set_name("fraction")
+    """fractional expression of an integer divided by an integer, returns a float"""
+    fraction.add_parse_action(lambda tt: tt[0] / tt[-1])
+
+    mixed_integer = (
+        fraction | signed_integer + Opt(Opt("-").suppress() + fraction)
+    ).set_name("fraction or mixed integer-fraction")
+    """mixed integer of the form 'integer - fraction', with optional leading integer, returns float"""
+    mixed_integer.add_parse_action(sum)
+
+    real = (
+        Regex(r"[+-]?(?:\d+\.\d*|\.\d+)")
+        .set_name("real number")
+        .set_parse_action(convert_to_float)
+    )
+    """expression that parses a floating point number and returns a float"""
+
+    sci_real = (
+        Regex(r"[+-]?(?:\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+)|(?:\d+\.\d*|\.\d+)(?:[eE][+-]?\d+)?)")
+        .set_name("real number with scientific notation")
+        .set_parse_action(convert_to_float)
+    )
+    """expression that parses a floating point number with optional
+    scientific notation and returns a float"""
+
+    # streamlining this expression makes the docs nicer-looking
+    number = (sci_real | real | signed_integer).setName("number").streamline()
+    """any numeric expression, returns the corresponding Python type"""
+
+    fnumber = (
+        Regex(r"[+-]?\d+\.?\d*([eE][+-]?\d+)?")
+        .set_name("fnumber")
+        .set_parse_action(convert_to_float)
+    )
+    """any int or real number, returned as float"""
+
+    identifier = Word(identchars, identbodychars).set_name("identifier")
+    """typical code identifier (leading alpha or '_', followed by 0 or more alphas, nums, or '_')"""
+
+    ipv4_address = Regex(
+        r"(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})){3}"
+    ).set_name("IPv4 address")
+    "IPv4 address (``0.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255``)"
+
+    _ipv6_part = Regex(r"[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}").set_name("hex_integer")
+    _full_ipv6_address = (_ipv6_part + (":" + _ipv6_part) * 7).set_name(
+        "full IPv6 address"
+    )
+    _short_ipv6_address = (
+        Opt(_ipv6_part + (":" + _ipv6_part) * (0, 6))
+        + "::"
+        + Opt(_ipv6_part + (":" + _ipv6_part) * (0, 6))
+    ).set_name("short IPv6 address")
+    _short_ipv6_address.add_condition(
+        lambda t: sum(1 for tt in t if pyparsing_common._ipv6_part.matches(tt)) < 8
+    )
+    _mixed_ipv6_address = ("::ffff:" + ipv4_address).set_name("mixed IPv6 address")
+    ipv6_address = Combine(
+        (_full_ipv6_address | _mixed_ipv6_address | _short_ipv6_address).set_name(
+            "IPv6 address"
+        )
+    ).set_name("IPv6 address")
+    "IPv6 address (long, short, or mixed form)"
+
+    mac_address = Regex(
+        r"[0-9a-fA-F]{2}([:.-])[0-9a-fA-F]{2}(?:\1[0-9a-fA-F]{2}){4}"
+    ).set_name("MAC address")
+    "MAC address xx:xx:xx:xx:xx (may also have '-' or '.' delimiters)"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convert_to_date(fmt: str = "%Y-%m-%d"):
+        """
+        Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed date string to Python datetime.date
+
+        Params -
+        - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default= ``"%Y-%m-%d"``)
+
+        Example::
+
+            date_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_date.copy()
+            date_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDate())
+            print(date_expr.parseString("1999-12-31"))
+
+        prints::
+
+            [datetime.date(1999, 12, 31)]
+        """
+
+        def cvt_fn(ss, ll, tt):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(tt[0], fmt).date()
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(ss, ll, str(ve))
+
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convert_to_datetime(fmt: str = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"):
+        """Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed
+        datetime string to Python datetime.datetime
+
+        Params -
+        - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default= ``"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"``)
+
+        Example::
+
+            dt_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_datetime.copy()
+            dt_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDatetime())
+            print(dt_expr.parseString("1999-12-31T23:59:59.999"))
+
+        prints::
+
+            [datetime.datetime(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999000)]
+        """
+
+        def cvt_fn(s, l, t):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(t[0], fmt)
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, str(ve))
+
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    iso8601_date = Regex(
+        r"(?P<year>\d{4})(?:-(?P<month>\d\d)(?:-(?P<day>\d\d))?)?"
+    ).set_name("ISO8601 date")
+    "ISO8601 date (``yyyy-mm-dd``)"
+
+    iso8601_datetime = Regex(
+        r"(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d)-(?P<day>\d\d)[T ](?P<hour>\d\d):(?P<minute>\d\d)(:(?P<second>\d\d(\.\d*)?)?)?(?P<tz>Z|[+-]\d\d:?\d\d)?"
+    ).set_name("ISO8601 datetime")
+    "ISO8601 datetime (``yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.s(Z|+-00:00)``) - trailing seconds, milliseconds, and timezone optional; accepts separating ``'T'`` or ``' '``"
+
+    uuid = Regex(r"[0-9a-fA-F]{8}(-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}){3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}").set_name("UUID")
+    "UUID (``xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx``)"
+
+    _html_stripper = any_open_tag.suppress() | any_close_tag.suppress()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def strip_html_tags(s: str, l: int, tokens: ParseResults):
+        """Parse action to remove HTML tags from web page HTML source
+
+        Example::
+
+            # strip HTML links from normal text
+            text = '<td>More info at the <a href="https://github.com/pyparsing/pyparsing/wiki">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+            td, td_end = makeHTMLTags("TD")
+            table_text = td + SkipTo(td_end).setParseAction(pyparsing_common.stripHTMLTags)("body") + td_end
+            print(table_text.parseString(text).body)
+
+        Prints::
+
+            More info at the pyparsing wiki page
+        """
+        return pyparsing_common._html_stripper.transform_string(tokens[0])
+
+    _commasepitem = (
+        Combine(
+            OneOrMore(
+                ~Literal(",")
+                + ~LineEnd()
+                + Word(printables, exclude_chars=",")
+                + Opt(White(" \t") + ~FollowedBy(LineEnd() | ","))
+            )
+        )
+        .streamline()
+        .set_name("commaItem")
+    )
+    comma_separated_list = delimited_list(
+        Opt(quoted_string.copy() | _commasepitem, default="")
+    ).set_name("comma separated list")
+    """Predefined expression of 1 or more printable words or quoted strings, separated by commas."""
+
+    upcase_tokens = staticmethod(token_map(lambda t: t.upper()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to upper case."""
+
+    downcase_tokens = staticmethod(token_map(lambda t: t.lower()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to lower case."""
+
+    # fmt: off
+    url = Regex(
+        # https://mathiasbynens.be/demo/url-regex
+        # https://gist.github.com/dperini/729294
+        r"^" +
+        # protocol identifier (optional)
+        # short syntax // still required
+        r"(?:(?:(?P<scheme>https?|ftp):)?\/\/)" +
+        # user:pass BasicAuth (optional)
+        r"(?:(?P<auth>\S+(?::\S*)?)@)?" +
+        r"(?P<host>" +
+        # IP address exclusion
+        # private & local networks
+        r"(?!(?:10|127)(?:\.\d{1,3}){3})" +
+        r"(?!(?:169\.254|192\.168)(?:\.\d{1,3}){2})" +
+        r"(?!172\.(?:1[6-9]|2\d|3[0-1])(?:\.\d{1,3}){2})" +
+        # IP address dotted notation octets
+        # excludes loopback network 0.0.0.0
+        # excludes reserved space >= 224.0.0.0
+        # excludes network & broadcast addresses
+        # (first & last IP address of each class)
+        r"(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[01]\d|22[0-3])" +
+        r"(?:\.(?:1?\d{1,2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])){2}" +
+        r"(?:\.(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[0-4]\d|25[0-4]))" +
+        r"|" +
+        # host & domain names, may end with dot
+        # can be replaced by a shortest alternative
+        # (?![-_])(?:[-\w\u00a1-\uffff]{0,63}[^-_]\.)+
+        r"(?:" +
+        r"(?:" +
+        r"[a-z0-9\u00a1-\uffff]" +
+        r"[a-z0-9\u00a1-\uffff_-]{0,62}" +
+        r")?" +
+        r"[a-z0-9\u00a1-\uffff]\." +
+        r")+" +
+        # TLD identifier name, may end with dot
+        r"(?:[a-z\u00a1-\uffff]{2,}\.?)" +
+        r")" +
+        # port number (optional)
+        r"(:(?P<port>\d{2,5}))?" +
+        # resource path (optional)
+        r"(?P<path>\/[^?# ]*)?" +
+        # query string (optional)
+        r"(\?(?P<query>[^#]*))?" +
+        # fragment (optional)
+        r"(#(?P<fragment>\S*))?" +
+        r"$"
+    ).set_name("url")
+    # fmt: on
+
+    # pre-PEP8 compatibility names
+    convertToInteger = convert_to_integer
+    convertToFloat = convert_to_float
+    convertToDate = convert_to_date
+    convertToDatetime = convert_to_datetime
+    stripHTMLTags = strip_html_tags
+    upcaseTokens = upcase_tokens
+    downcaseTokens = downcase_tokens
+
+
+_builtin_exprs = [
+    v for v in vars(pyparsing_common).values() if isinstance(v, ParserElement)
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6311815
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5789 @@
+#
+# core.py
+#
+import os
+from typing import (
+    Optional as OptionalType,
+    Iterable as IterableType,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Union,
+    Callable,
+    Any,
+    Generator,
+    Tuple,
+    List,
+    TextIO,
+    Set,
+    Dict as DictType,
+    Sequence,
+)
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from enum import Enum
+import string
+import copy
+import warnings
+import re
+import sre_constants
+import sys
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+import traceback
+import types
+from operator import itemgetter
+from functools import wraps
+from threading import RLock
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from .util import (
+    _FifoCache,
+    _UnboundedCache,
+    __config_flags,
+    _collapse_string_to_ranges,
+    _escape_regex_range_chars,
+    _bslash,
+    _flatten,
+    LRUMemo as _LRUMemo,
+    UnboundedMemo as _UnboundedMemo,
+)
+from .exceptions import *
+from .actions import *
+from .results import ParseResults, _ParseResultsWithOffset
+from .unicode import pyparsing_unicode
+
+_MAX_INT = sys.maxsize
+str_type: Tuple[type, ...] = (str, bytes)
+
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2003-2021  Paul T. McGuire
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+# the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+# CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+# TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+# SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#
+
+
+class __compat__(__config_flags):
+    """
+    A cross-version compatibility configuration for pyparsing features that will be
+    released in a future version. By setting values in this configuration to True,
+    those features can be enabled in prior versions for compatibility development
+    and testing.
+
+    - ``collect_all_And_tokens`` - flag to enable fix for Issue #63 that fixes erroneous grouping
+      of results names when an :class:`And` expression is nested within an :class:`Or` or :class:`MatchFirst`;
+      maintained for compatibility, but setting to ``False`` no longer restores pre-2.3.1
+      behavior
+    """
+
+    _type_desc = "compatibility"
+
+    collect_all_And_tokens = True
+
+    _all_names = [__ for __ in locals() if not __.startswith("_")]
+    _fixed_names = """
+        collect_all_And_tokens
+        """.split()
+
+
+class __diag__(__config_flags):
+    _type_desc = "diagnostic"
+
+    warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation = False
+    warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection = False
+    warn_name_set_on_empty_Forward = False
+    warn_on_parse_using_empty_Forward = False
+    warn_on_assignment_to_Forward = False
+    warn_on_multiple_string_args_to_oneof = False
+    warn_on_match_first_with_lshift_operator = False
+    enable_debug_on_named_expressions = False
+
+    _all_names = [__ for __ in locals() if not __.startswith("_")]
+    _warning_names = [name for name in _all_names if name.startswith("warn")]
+    _debug_names = [name for name in _all_names if name.startswith("enable_debug")]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def enable_all_warnings(cls) -> None:
+        for name in cls._warning_names:
+            cls.enable(name)
+
+
+class Diagnostics(Enum):
+    """
+    Diagnostic configuration (all default to disabled)
+    - ``warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation`` - flag to enable warnings when a results
+      name is defined on a :class:`MatchFirst` or :class:`Or` expression with one or more :class:`And` subexpressions
+    - ``warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection`` - flag to enable warnings when a results
+      name is defined on a containing expression with ungrouped subexpressions that also
+      have results names
+    - ``warn_name_set_on_empty_Forward`` - flag to enable warnings when a :class:`Forward` is defined
+      with a results name, but has no contents defined
+    - ``warn_on_parse_using_empty_Forward`` - flag to enable warnings when a :class:`Forward` is
+      defined in a grammar but has never had an expression attached to it
+    - ``warn_on_assignment_to_Forward`` - flag to enable warnings when a :class:`Forward` is defined
+      but is overwritten by assigning using ``'='`` instead of ``'<<='`` or ``'<<'``
+    - ``warn_on_multiple_string_args_to_oneof`` - flag to enable warnings when :class:`one_of` is
+      incorrectly called with multiple str arguments
+    - ``enable_debug_on_named_expressions`` - flag to auto-enable debug on all subsequent
+      calls to :class:`ParserElement.set_name`
+
+    Diagnostics are enabled/disabled by calling :class:`enable_diag` and :class:`disable_diag`.
+    All warnings can be enabled by calling :class:`enable_all_warnings`.
+    """
+
+    warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation = 0
+    warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection = 1
+    warn_name_set_on_empty_Forward = 2
+    warn_on_parse_using_empty_Forward = 3
+    warn_on_assignment_to_Forward = 4
+    warn_on_multiple_string_args_to_oneof = 5
+    warn_on_match_first_with_lshift_operator = 6
+    enable_debug_on_named_expressions = 7
+
+
+def enable_diag(diag_enum: Diagnostics) -> None:
+    """
+    Enable a global pyparsing diagnostic flag (see :class:`Diagnostics`).
+    """
+    __diag__.enable(diag_enum.name)
+
+
+def disable_diag(diag_enum: Diagnostics) -> None:
+    """
+    Disable a global pyparsing diagnostic flag (see :class:`Diagnostics`).
+    """
+    __diag__.disable(diag_enum.name)
+
+
+def enable_all_warnings() -> None:
+    """
+    Enable all global pyparsing diagnostic warnings (see :class:`Diagnostics`).
+    """
+    __diag__.enable_all_warnings()
+
+
+# hide abstract class
+del __config_flags
+
+
+def _should_enable_warnings(
+    cmd_line_warn_options: IterableType[str], warn_env_var: OptionalType[str]
+) -> bool:
+    enable = bool(warn_env_var)
+    for warn_opt in cmd_line_warn_options:
+        w_action, w_message, w_category, w_module, w_line = (warn_opt + "::::").split(
+            ":"
+        )[:5]
+        if not w_action.lower().startswith("i") and (
+            not (w_message or w_category or w_module) or w_module == "pyparsing"
+        ):
+            enable = True
+        elif w_action.lower().startswith("i") and w_module in ("pyparsing", ""):
+            enable = False
+    return enable
+
+
+if _should_enable_warnings(
+    sys.warnoptions, os.environ.get("PYPARSINGENABLEALLWARNINGS")
+):
+    enable_all_warnings()
+
+
+# build list of single arg builtins, that can be used as parse actions
+_single_arg_builtins = {
+    sum,
+    len,
+    sorted,
+    reversed,
+    list,
+    tuple,
+    set,
+    any,
+    all,
+    min,
+    max,
+}
+
+_generatorType = types.GeneratorType
+ParseAction = Union[
+    Callable[[], Any],
+    Callable[[ParseResults], Any],
+    Callable[[int, ParseResults], Any],
+    Callable[[str, int, ParseResults], Any],
+]
+ParseCondition = Union[
+    Callable[[], bool],
+    Callable[[ParseResults], bool],
+    Callable[[int, ParseResults], bool],
+    Callable[[str, int, ParseResults], bool],
+]
+ParseFailAction = Callable[[str, int, "ParserElement", Exception], None]
+DebugStartAction = Callable[[str, int, "ParserElement", bool], None]
+DebugSuccessAction = Callable[
+    [str, int, int, "ParserElement", ParseResults, bool], None
+]
+DebugExceptionAction = Callable[[str, int, "ParserElement", Exception, bool], None]
+
+
+alphas = string.ascii_uppercase + string.ascii_lowercase
+identchars = pyparsing_unicode.Latin1.identchars
+identbodychars = pyparsing_unicode.Latin1.identbodychars
+nums = "0123456789"
+hexnums = nums + "ABCDEFabcdef"
+alphanums = alphas + nums
+printables = "".join([c for c in string.printable if c not in string.whitespace])
+
+_trim_arity_call_line = None
+
+
+def _trim_arity(func, maxargs=2):
+    """decorator to trim function calls to match the arity of the target"""
+    global _trim_arity_call_line
+
+    if func in _single_arg_builtins:
+        return lambda s, l, t: func(t)
+
+    limit = 0
+    found_arity = False
+
+    def extract_tb(tb, limit=0):
+        frames = traceback.extract_tb(tb, limit=limit)
+        frame_summary = frames[-1]
+        return [frame_summary[:2]]
+
+    # synthesize what would be returned by traceback.extract_stack at the call to
+    # user's parse action 'func', so that we don't incur call penalty at parse time
+
+    LINE_DIFF = 11
+    # IF ANY CODE CHANGES, EVEN JUST COMMENTS OR BLANK LINES, BETWEEN THE NEXT LINE AND
+    # THE CALL TO FUNC INSIDE WRAPPER, LINE_DIFF MUST BE MODIFIED!!!!
+    _trim_arity_call_line = (
+        _trim_arity_call_line or traceback.extract_stack(limit=2)[-1]
+    )
+    pa_call_line_synth = (
+        _trim_arity_call_line[0],
+        _trim_arity_call_line[1] + LINE_DIFF,
+    )
+
+    def wrapper(*args):
+        nonlocal found_arity, limit
+        while 1:
+            try:
+                ret = func(*args[limit:])
+                found_arity = True
+                return ret
+            except TypeError as te:
+                # re-raise TypeErrors if they did not come from our arity testing
+                if found_arity:
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    tb = te.__traceback__
+                    trim_arity_type_error = (
+                        extract_tb(tb, limit=2)[-1][:2] == pa_call_line_synth
+                    )
+                    del tb
+
+                    if trim_arity_type_error:
+                        if limit <= maxargs:
+                            limit += 1
+                            continue
+
+                    raise
+
+    # copy func name to wrapper for sensible debug output
+    # (can't use functools.wraps, since that messes with function signature)
+    func_name = getattr(func, "__name__", getattr(func, "__class__").__name__)
+    wrapper.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def condition_as_parse_action(
+    fn: ParseCondition, message: str = None, fatal: bool = False
+) -> ParseAction:
+    """
+    Function to convert a simple predicate function that returns ``True`` or ``False``
+    into a parse action. Can be used in places when a parse action is required
+    and :class:`ParserElement.add_condition` cannot be used (such as when adding a condition
+    to an operator level in :class:`infix_notation`).
+
+    Optional keyword arguments:
+
+    - ``message`` - define a custom message to be used in the raised exception
+    - ``fatal`` - if True, will raise :class:`ParseFatalException` to stop parsing immediately;
+      otherwise will raise :class:`ParseException`
+
+    """
+    msg = message if message is not None else "failed user-defined condition"
+    exc_type = ParseFatalException if fatal else ParseException
+    fn = _trim_arity(fn)
+
+    @wraps(fn)
+    def pa(s, l, t):
+        if not bool(fn(s, l, t)):
+            raise exc_type(s, l, msg)
+
+    return pa
+
+
+def _default_start_debug_action(
+    instring: str, loc: int, expr: "ParserElement", cache_hit: bool = False
+):
+    cache_hit_str = "*" if cache_hit else ""
+    print(
+        (
+            "{}Match {} at loc {}({},{})\n  {}\n  {}^".format(
+                cache_hit_str,
+                expr,
+                loc,
+                lineno(loc, instring),
+                col(loc, instring),
+                line(loc, instring),
+                " " * (col(loc, instring) - 1),
+            )
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def _default_success_debug_action(
+    instring: str,
+    startloc: int,
+    endloc: int,
+    expr: "ParserElement",
+    toks: ParseResults,
+    cache_hit: bool = False,
+):
+    cache_hit_str = "*" if cache_hit else ""
+    print("{}Matched {} -> {}".format(cache_hit_str, expr, toks.as_list()))
+
+
+def _default_exception_debug_action(
+    instring: str,
+    loc: int,
+    expr: "ParserElement",
+    exc: Exception,
+    cache_hit: bool = False,
+):
+    cache_hit_str = "*" if cache_hit else ""
+    print(
+        "{}Match {} failed, {} raised: {}".format(
+            cache_hit_str, expr, type(exc).__name__, exc
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def null_debug_action(*args):
+    """'Do-nothing' debug action, to suppress debugging output during parsing."""
+
+
+class ParserElement(ABC):
+    """Abstract base level parser element class."""
+
+    DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS: str = " \n\t\r"
+    verbose_stacktrace: bool = False
+    _literalStringClass: OptionalType[type] = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def set_default_whitespace_chars(chars: str) -> None:
+        r"""
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+
+        Example::
+
+            # default whitespace chars are space, <TAB> and newline
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parse_string("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def', 'ghi', 'jkl']
+
+            # change to just treat newline as significant
+            ParserElement.set_default_whitespace_chars(" \t")
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parse_string("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def']
+        """
+        ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS = chars
+
+        # update whitespace all parse expressions defined in this module
+        for expr in _builtin_exprs:
+            if expr.copyDefaultWhiteChars:
+                expr.whiteChars = set(chars)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def inline_literals_using(cls: type) -> None:
+        """
+        Set class to be used for inclusion of string literals into a parser.
+
+        Example::
+
+            # default literal class used is Literal
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+
+            date_str.parse_string("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+
+
+            # change to Suppress
+            ParserElement.inline_literals_using(Suppress)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+
+            date_str.parse_string("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '12', '31']
+        """
+        ParserElement._literalStringClass = cls
+
+    class DebugActions(NamedTuple):
+        debug_try: OptionalType[DebugStartAction]
+        debug_match: OptionalType[DebugSuccessAction]
+        debug_fail: OptionalType[DebugExceptionAction]
+
+    def __init__(self, savelist: bool = False):
+        self.parseAction: List[ParseAction] = list()
+        self.failAction: OptionalType[ParseFailAction] = None
+        self.customName = None
+        self._defaultName = None
+        self.resultsName = None
+        self.saveAsList = savelist
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = set(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS)
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = True
+        # used when checking for left-recursion
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.keepTabs = False
+        self.ignoreExprs: List["ParserElement"] = list()
+        self.debug = False
+        self.streamlined = False
+        # optimize exception handling for subclasses that don't advance parse index
+        self.mayIndexError = True
+        self.errmsg = ""
+        # mark results names as modal (report only last) or cumulative (list all)
+        self.modalResults = True
+        # custom debug actions
+        self.debugActions = self.DebugActions(None, None, None)
+        self.re = None
+        # avoid redundant calls to preParse
+        self.callPreparse = True
+        self.callDuringTry = False
+        self.suppress_warnings_: List[Diagnostics] = []
+
+    def suppress_warning(self, warning_type: Diagnostics) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Suppress warnings emitted for a particular diagnostic on this expression.
+
+        Example::
+
+            base = pp.Forward()
+            base.suppress_warning(Diagnostics.warn_on_parse_using_empty_Forward)
+
+            # statement would normally raise a warning, but is now suppressed
+            print(base.parseString("x"))
+
+        """
+        self.suppress_warnings_.append(warning_type)
+        return self
+
+    def copy(self) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Make a copy of this :class:`ParserElement`.  Useful for defining
+        different parse actions for the same parsing pattern, using copies of
+        the original parse element.
+
+        Example::
+
+            integer = Word(nums).set_parse_action(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            integerK = integer.copy().add_parse_action(lambda toks: toks[0] * 1024) + Suppress("K")
+            integerM = integer.copy().add_parse_action(lambda toks: toks[0] * 1024 * 1024) + Suppress("M")
+
+            print(OneOrMore(integerK | integerM | integer).parse_string("5K 100 640K 256M"))
+
+        prints::
+
+            [5120, 100, 655360, 268435456]
+
+        Equivalent form of ``expr.copy()`` is just ``expr()``::
+
+            integerM = integer().add_parse_action(lambda toks: toks[0] * 1024 * 1024) + Suppress("M")
+        """
+        cpy = copy.copy(self)
+        cpy.parseAction = self.parseAction[:]
+        cpy.ignoreExprs = self.ignoreExprs[:]
+        if self.copyDefaultWhiteChars:
+            cpy.whiteChars = set(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS)
+        return cpy
+
+    def set_results_name(
+        self, name: str, list_all_matches: bool = False, *, listAllMatches: bool = False
+    ) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Define name for referencing matching tokens as a nested attribute
+        of the returned parse results.
+
+        Normally, results names are assigned as you would assign keys in a dict:
+        any existing value is overwritten by later values. If it is necessary to
+        keep all values captured for a particular results name, call ``set_results_name``
+        with ``list_all_matches`` = True.
+
+        NOTE: ``set_results_name`` returns a *copy* of the original :class:`ParserElement` object;
+        this is so that the client can define a basic element, such as an
+        integer, and reference it in multiple places with different names.
+
+        You can also set results names using the abbreviated syntax,
+        ``expr("name")`` in place of ``expr.set_results_name("name")``
+        - see :class:`__call__`. If ``list_all_matches`` is required, use
+        ``expr("name*")``.
+
+        Example::
+
+            date_str = (integer.set_results_name("year") + '/'
+                        + integer.set_results_name("month") + '/'
+                        + integer.set_results_name("day"))
+
+            # equivalent form:
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+        """
+        listAllMatches = listAllMatches or list_all_matches
+        return self._setResultsName(name, listAllMatches)
+
+    def _setResultsName(self, name, listAllMatches=False):
+        if name is None:
+            return self
+        newself = self.copy()
+        if name.endswith("*"):
+            name = name[:-1]
+            listAllMatches = True
+        newself.resultsName = name
+        newself.modalResults = not listAllMatches
+        return newself
+
+    def set_break(self, break_flag: bool = True) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Method to invoke the Python pdb debugger when this element is
+        about to be parsed. Set ``break_flag`` to ``True`` to enable, ``False`` to
+        disable.
+        """
+        if break_flag:
+            _parseMethod = self._parse
+
+            def breaker(instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True):
+                import pdb
+
+                # this call to pdb.set_trace() is intentional, not a checkin error
+                pdb.set_trace()
+                return _parseMethod(instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse)
+
+            breaker._originalParseMethod = _parseMethod
+            self._parse = breaker
+        else:
+            if hasattr(self._parse, "_originalParseMethod"):
+                self._parse = self._parse._originalParseMethod
+        return self
+
+    def set_parse_action(self, *fns: ParseAction, **kwargs) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Define one or more actions to perform when successfully matching parse element definition.
+
+        Parse actions can be called to perform data conversions, do extra validation,
+        update external data structures, or enhance or replace the parsed tokens.
+        Each parse action ``fn`` is a callable method with 0-3 arguments, called as
+        ``fn(s, loc, toks)`` , ``fn(loc, toks)`` , ``fn(toks)`` , or just ``fn()`` , where:
+
+        - s   = the original string being parsed (see note below)
+        - loc = the location of the matching substring
+        - toks = a list of the matched tokens, packaged as a :class:`ParseResults` object
+
+        The parsed tokens are passed to the parse action as ParseResults. They can be
+        modified in place using list-style append, extend, and pop operations to update
+        the parsed list elements; and with dictionary-style item set and del operations
+        to add, update, or remove any named results. If the tokens are modified in place,
+        it is not necessary to return them with a return statement.
+
+        Parse actions can also completely replace the given tokens, with another ``ParseResults``
+        object, or with some entirely different object (common for parse actions that perform data
+        conversions). A convenient way to build a new parse result is to define the values
+        using a dict, and then create the return value using :class:`ParseResults.from_dict`.
+
+        If None is passed as the ``fn`` parse action, all previously added parse actions for this
+        expression are cleared.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+
+        - call_during_try = (default= ``False``) indicate if parse action should be run during
+          lookaheads and alternate testing. For parse actions that have side effects, it is
+          important to only call the parse action once it is determined that it is being
+          called as part of a successful parse. For parse actions that perform additional
+          validation, then call_during_try should be passed as True, so that the validation
+          code is included in the preliminary "try" parses.
+
+        Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+        before starting the parsing process.  See :class:`parse_string` for more
+        information on parsing strings containing ``<TAB>`` s, and suggested
+        methods to maintain a consistent view of the parsed string, the parse
+        location, and line and column positions within the parsed string.
+
+        Example::
+
+            # parse dates in the form YYYY/MM/DD
+
+            # use parse action to convert toks from str to int at parse time
+            def convert_to_int(toks):
+                return int(toks[0])
+
+            # use a parse action to verify that the date is a valid date
+            def is_valid_date(instring, loc, toks):
+                from datetime import date
+                year, month, day = toks[::2]
+                try:
+                    date(year, month, day)
+                except ValueError:
+                    raise ParseException(instring, loc, "invalid date given")
+
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            # add parse actions
+            integer.set_parse_action(convert_to_int)
+            date_str.set_parse_action(is_valid_date)
+
+            # note that integer fields are now ints, not strings
+            date_str.run_tests('''
+                # successful parse - note that integer fields were converted to ints
+                1999/12/31
+
+                # fail - invalid date
+                1999/13/31
+                ''')
+        """
+        if list(fns) == [None]:
+            self.parseAction = []
+        else:
+            if not all(callable(fn) for fn in fns):
+                raise TypeError("parse actions must be callable")
+            self.parseAction = [_trim_arity(fn) for fn in fns]
+            self.callDuringTry = kwargs.get(
+                "call_during_try", kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+            )
+        return self
+
+    def add_parse_action(self, *fns: ParseAction, **kwargs) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Add one or more parse actions to expression's list of parse actions. See :class:`set_parse_action`.
+
+        See examples in :class:`copy`.
+        """
+        self.parseAction += [_trim_arity(fn) for fn in fns]
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get(
+            "call_during_try", kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        )
+        return self
+
+    def add_condition(self, *fns: ParseCondition, **kwargs) -> "ParserElement":
+        """Add a boolean predicate function to expression's list of parse actions. See
+        :class:`set_parse_action` for function call signatures. Unlike ``set_parse_action``,
+        functions passed to ``add_condition`` need to return boolean success/fail of the condition.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+
+        - message = define a custom message to be used in the raised exception
+        - fatal = if True, will raise ParseFatalException to stop parsing immediately; otherwise will raise
+          ParseException
+        - call_during_try = boolean to indicate if this method should be called during internal tryParse calls,
+          default=False
+
+        Example::
+
+            integer = Word(nums).set_parse_action(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            year_int = integer.copy()
+            year_int.add_condition(lambda toks: toks[0] >= 2000, message="Only support years 2000 and later")
+            date_str = year_int + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            result = date_str.parse_string("1999/12/31")  # -> Exception: Only support years 2000 and later (at char 0),
+                                                                         (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        for fn in fns:
+            self.parseAction.append(
+                condition_as_parse_action(
+                    fn, message=kwargs.get("message"), fatal=kwargs.get("fatal", False)
+                )
+            )
+
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get(
+            "call_during_try", kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        )
+        return self
+
+    def set_fail_action(self, fn: ParseFailAction) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Define action to perform if parsing fails at this expression.
+        Fail acton fn is a callable function that takes the arguments
+        ``fn(s, loc, expr, err)`` where:
+
+        - s = string being parsed
+        - loc = location where expression match was attempted and failed
+        - expr = the parse expression that failed
+        - err = the exception thrown
+
+        The function returns no value.  It may throw :class:`ParseFatalException`
+        if it is desired to stop parsing immediately."""
+        self.failAction = fn
+        return self
+
+    def _skipIgnorables(self, instring, loc):
+        exprsFound = True
+        while exprsFound:
+            exprsFound = False
+            for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+                try:
+                    while 1:
+                        loc, dummy = e._parse(instring, loc)
+                        exprsFound = True
+                except ParseException:
+                    pass
+        return loc
+
+    def preParse(self, instring, loc):
+        if self.ignoreExprs:
+            loc = self._skipIgnorables(instring, loc)
+
+        if self.skipWhitespace:
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            white_chars = self.whiteChars
+            while loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in white_chars:
+                loc += 1
+
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        return loc, []
+
+    def postParse(self, instring, loc, tokenlist):
+        return tokenlist
+
+    # @profile
+    def _parseNoCache(
+        self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True
+    ) -> Tuple[int, ParseResults]:
+        TRY, MATCH, FAIL = 0, 1, 2
+        debugging = self.debug  # and doActions)
+        len_instring = len(instring)
+
+        if debugging or self.failAction:
+            # print("Match {} at loc {}({}, {})".format(self, loc, lineno(loc, instring), col(loc, instring)))
+            try:
+                if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                    pre_loc = self.preParse(instring, loc)
+                else:
+                    pre_loc = loc
+                tokens_start = pre_loc
+                if self.debugActions.debug_try:
+                    self.debugActions.debug_try(instring, tokens_start, self, False)
+                if self.mayIndexError or pre_loc >= len_instring:
+                    try:
+                        loc, tokens = self.parseImpl(instring, pre_loc, doActions)
+                    except IndexError:
+                        raise ParseException(instring, len_instring, self.errmsg, self)
+                else:
+                    loc, tokens = self.parseImpl(instring, pre_loc, doActions)
+            except Exception as err:
+                # print("Exception raised:", err)
+                if self.debugActions.debug_fail:
+                    self.debugActions.debug_fail(
+                        instring, tokens_start, self, err, False
+                    )
+                if self.failAction:
+                    self.failAction(instring, tokens_start, self, err)
+                raise
+        else:
+            if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                pre_loc = self.preParse(instring, loc)
+            else:
+                pre_loc = loc
+            tokens_start = pre_loc
+            if self.mayIndexError or pre_loc >= len_instring:
+                try:
+                    loc, tokens = self.parseImpl(instring, pre_loc, doActions)
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseException(instring, len_instring, self.errmsg, self)
+            else:
+                loc, tokens = self.parseImpl(instring, pre_loc, doActions)
+
+        tokens = self.postParse(instring, loc, tokens)
+
+        ret_tokens = ParseResults(
+            tokens, self.resultsName, asList=self.saveAsList, modal=self.modalResults
+        )
+        if self.parseAction and (doActions or self.callDuringTry):
+            if debugging:
+                try:
+                    for fn in self.parseAction:
+                        try:
+                            tokens = fn(instring, tokens_start, ret_tokens)
+                        except IndexError as parse_action_exc:
+                            exc = ParseException("exception raised in parse action")
+                            raise exc from parse_action_exc
+
+                        if tokens is not None and tokens is not ret_tokens:
+                            ret_tokens = ParseResults(
+                                tokens,
+                                self.resultsName,
+                                asList=self.saveAsList
+                                and isinstance(tokens, (ParseResults, list)),
+                                modal=self.modalResults,
+                            )
+                except Exception as err:
+                    # print "Exception raised in user parse action:", err
+                    if self.debugActions.debug_fail:
+                        self.debugActions.debug_fail(
+                            instring, tokens_start, self, err, False
+                        )
+                    raise
+            else:
+                for fn in self.parseAction:
+                    try:
+                        tokens = fn(instring, tokens_start, ret_tokens)
+                    except IndexError as parse_action_exc:
+                        exc = ParseException("exception raised in parse action")
+                        raise exc from parse_action_exc
+
+                    if tokens is not None and tokens is not ret_tokens:
+                        ret_tokens = ParseResults(
+                            tokens,
+                            self.resultsName,
+                            asList=self.saveAsList
+                            and isinstance(tokens, (ParseResults, list)),
+                            modal=self.modalResults,
+                        )
+        if debugging:
+            # print("Matched", self, "->", ret_tokens.as_list())
+            if self.debugActions.debug_match:
+                self.debugActions.debug_match(
+                    instring, tokens_start, loc, self, ret_tokens, False
+                )
+
+        return loc, ret_tokens
+
+    def try_parse(self, instring: str, loc: int, raise_fatal: bool = False) -> int:
+        try:
+            return self._parse(instring, loc, doActions=False)[0]
+        except ParseFatalException:
+            if raise_fatal:
+                raise
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+    def can_parse_next(self, instring: str, loc: int) -> bool:
+        try:
+            self.try_parse(instring, loc)
+        except (ParseException, IndexError):
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    # cache for left-recursion in Forward references
+    recursion_lock = RLock()
+    recursion_memos: DictType[
+        Tuple[int, "Forward", bool], Tuple[int, Union[ParseResults, Exception]]
+    ] = {}
+
+    # argument cache for optimizing repeated calls when backtracking through recursive expressions
+    packrat_cache = (
+        {}
+    )  # this is set later by enabled_packrat(); this is here so that reset_cache() doesn't fail
+    packrat_cache_lock = RLock()
+    packrat_cache_stats = [0, 0]
+
+    # this method gets repeatedly called during backtracking with the same arguments -
+    # we can cache these arguments and save ourselves the trouble of re-parsing the contained expression
+    def _parseCache(
+        self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True
+    ) -> Tuple[int, ParseResults]:
+        HIT, MISS = 0, 1
+        TRY, MATCH, FAIL = 0, 1, 2
+        lookup = (self, instring, loc, callPreParse, doActions)
+        with ParserElement.packrat_cache_lock:
+            cache = ParserElement.packrat_cache
+            value = cache.get(lookup)
+            if value is cache.not_in_cache:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[MISS] += 1
+                try:
+                    value = self._parseNoCache(instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse)
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    # cache a copy of the exception, without the traceback
+                    cache.set(lookup, pe.__class__(*pe.args))
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    cache.set(lookup, (value[0], value[1].copy(), loc))
+                    return value
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[HIT] += 1
+                if self.debug and self.debugActions.debug_try:
+                    try:
+                        self.debugActions.debug_try(instring, loc, self, cache_hit=True)
+                    except TypeError:
+                        pass
+                if isinstance(value, Exception):
+                    if self.debug and self.debugActions.debug_fail:
+                        try:
+                            self.debugActions.debug_fail(
+                                instring, loc, self, value, cache_hit=True
+                            )
+                        except TypeError:
+                            pass
+                    raise value
+
+                loc_, result, endloc = value[0], value[1].copy(), value[2]
+                if self.debug and self.debugActions.debug_match:
+                    try:
+                        self.debugActions.debug_match(
+                            instring, loc_, endloc, self, result, cache_hit=True
+                        )
+                    except TypeError:
+                        pass
+
+                return loc_, result
+
+    _parse = _parseNoCache
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def reset_cache() -> None:
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache.clear()
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[:] = [0] * len(
+            ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats
+        )
+        ParserElement.recursion_memos.clear()
+
+    _packratEnabled = False
+    _left_recursion_enabled = False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def disable_memoization() -> None:
+        """
+        Disables active Packrat or Left Recursion parsing and their memoization
+
+        This method also works if neither Packrat nor Left Recursion are enabled.
+        This makes it safe to call before activating Packrat nor Left Recursion
+        to clear any previous settings.
+        """
+        ParserElement.reset_cache()
+        ParserElement._left_recursion_enabled = False
+        ParserElement._packratEnabled = False
+        ParserElement._parse = ParserElement._parseNoCache
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def enable_left_recursion(
+        cache_size_limit: OptionalType[int] = None, *, force=False
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Enables "bounded recursion" parsing, which allows for both direct and indirect
+        left-recursion. During parsing, left-recursive :class:`Forward` elements are
+        repeatedly matched with a fixed recursion depth that is gradually increased
+        until finding the longest match.
+
+        Example::
+
+            from pip._vendor import pyparsing as pp
+            pp.ParserElement.enable_left_recursion()
+
+            E = pp.Forward("E")
+            num = pp.Word(pp.nums)
+            # match `num`, or `num '+' num`, or `num '+' num '+' num`, ...
+            E <<= E + '+' - num | num
+
+            print(E.parse_string("1+2+3"))
+
+        Recursion search naturally memoizes matches of ``Forward`` elements and may
+        thus skip reevaluation of parse actions during backtracking. This may break
+        programs with parse actions which rely on strict ordering of side-effects.
+
+        Parameters:
+
+        - cache_size_limit - (default=``None``) - memoize at most this many
+          ``Forward`` elements during matching; if ``None`` (the default),
+          memoize all ``Forward`` elements.
+
+        Bounded Recursion parsing works similar but not identical to Packrat parsing,
+        thus the two cannot be used together. Use ``force=True`` to disable any
+        previous, conflicting settings.
+        """
+        if force:
+            ParserElement.disable_memoization()
+        elif ParserElement._packratEnabled:
+            raise RuntimeError("Packrat and Bounded Recursion are not compatible")
+        if cache_size_limit is None:
+            ParserElement.recursion_memos = _UnboundedMemo()
+        elif cache_size_limit > 0:
+            ParserElement.recursion_memos = _LRUMemo(capacity=cache_size_limit)
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Memo size of %s" % cache_size_limit)
+        ParserElement._left_recursion_enabled = True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def enable_packrat(cache_size_limit: int = 128, *, force: bool = False) -> None:
+        """
+        Enables "packrat" parsing, which adds memoizing to the parsing logic.
+        Repeated parse attempts at the same string location (which happens
+        often in many complex grammars) can immediately return a cached value,
+        instead of re-executing parsing/validating code.  Memoizing is done of
+        both valid results and parsing exceptions.
+
+        Parameters:
+
+        - cache_size_limit - (default= ``128``) - if an integer value is provided
+          will limit the size of the packrat cache; if None is passed, then
+          the cache size will be unbounded; if 0 is passed, the cache will
+          be effectively disabled.
+
+        This speedup may break existing programs that use parse actions that
+        have side-effects.  For this reason, packrat parsing is disabled when
+        you first import pyparsing.  To activate the packrat feature, your
+        program must call the class method :class:`ParserElement.enable_packrat`.
+        For best results, call ``enable_packrat()`` immediately after
+        importing pyparsing.
+
+        Example::
+
+            from pip._vendor import pyparsing
+            pyparsing.ParserElement.enable_packrat()
+
+        Packrat parsing works similar but not identical to Bounded Recursion parsing,
+        thus the two cannot be used together. Use ``force=True`` to disable any
+        previous, conflicting settings.
+        """
+        if force:
+            ParserElement.disable_memoization()
+        elif ParserElement._left_recursion_enabled:
+            raise RuntimeError("Packrat and Bounded Recursion are not compatible")
+        if not ParserElement._packratEnabled:
+            ParserElement._packratEnabled = True
+            if cache_size_limit is None:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = _UnboundedCache()
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = _FifoCache(cache_size_limit)
+            ParserElement._parse = ParserElement._parseCache
+
+    def parse_string(
+        self, instring: str, parse_all: bool = False, *, parseAll: bool = False
+    ) -> ParseResults:
+        """
+        Parse a string with respect to the parser definition. This function is intended as the primary interface to the
+        client code.
+
+        :param instring: The input string to be parsed.
+        :param parse_all: If set, the entire input string must match the grammar.
+        :param parseAll: retained for pre-PEP8 compatibility, will be removed in a future release.
+        :raises ParseException: Raised if ``parse_all`` is set and the input string does not match the whole grammar.
+        :returns: the parsed data as a :class:`ParseResults` object, which may be accessed as a `list`, a `dict`, or
+          an object with attributes if the given parser includes results names.
+
+        If the input string is required to match the entire grammar, ``parse_all`` flag must be set to ``True``. This
+        is also equivalent to ending the grammar with :class:`StringEnd`().
+
+        To report proper column numbers, ``parse_string`` operates on a copy of the input string where all tabs are
+        converted to spaces (8 spaces per tab, as per the default in ``string.expandtabs``). If the input string
+        contains tabs and the grammar uses parse actions that use the ``loc`` argument to index into the string
+        being parsed, one can ensure a consistent view of the input string by doing one of the following:
+
+        - calling ``parse_with_tabs`` on your grammar before calling ``parse_string`` (see :class:`parse_with_tabs`),
+        - define your parse action using the full ``(s,loc,toks)`` signature, and reference the input string using the
+          parse action's ``s`` argument, or
+        - explicitly expand the tabs in your input string before calling ``parse_string``.
+
+        Examples:
+
+        By default, partial matches are OK.
+
+        >>> res = Word('a').parse_string('aaaaabaaa')
+        >>> print(res)
+        ['aaaaa']
+
+        The parsing behavior varies by the inheriting class of this abstract class. Please refer to the children
+        directly to see more examples.
+
+        It raises an exception if parse_all flag is set and instring does not match the whole grammar.
+
+        >>> res = Word('a').parse_string('aaaaabaaa', parse_all=True)
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        pyparsing.ParseException: Expected end of text, found 'b'  (at char 5), (line:1, col:6)
+        """
+        parseAll = parse_all or parseAll
+
+        ParserElement.reset_cache()
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = instring.expandtabs()
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self._parse(instring, 0)
+            if parseAll:
+                loc = self.preParse(instring, loc)
+                se = Empty() + StringEnd()
+                se._parse(instring, loc)
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clearing out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc.with_traceback(None)
+        else:
+            return tokens
+
+    def scan_string(
+        self,
+        instring: str,
+        max_matches: int = _MAX_INT,
+        overlap: bool = False,
+        *,
+        debug: bool = False,
+        maxMatches: int = _MAX_INT,
+    ) -> Generator[Tuple[ParseResults, int, int], None, None]:
+        """
+        Scan the input string for expression matches.  Each match will return the
+        matching tokens, start location, and end location.  May be called with optional
+        ``max_matches`` argument, to clip scanning after 'n' matches are found.  If
+        ``overlap`` is specified, then overlapping matches will be reported.
+
+        Note that the start and end locations are reported relative to the string
+        being parsed.  See :class:`parse_string` for more information on parsing
+        strings with embedded tabs.
+
+        Example::
+
+            source = "sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987"
+            print(source)
+            for tokens, start, end in Word(alphas).scan_string(source):
+                print(' '*start + '^'*(end-start))
+                print(' '*start + tokens[0])
+
+        prints::
+
+            sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987
+            ^^^^^
+            sldjf
+                    ^^^^^^^
+                    lsdjjkf
+                              ^^^^^^
+                              sldkjf
+                                       ^^^^^^
+                                       lkjsfd
+        """
+        maxMatches = min(maxMatches, max_matches)
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = str(instring).expandtabs()
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        loc = 0
+        preparseFn = self.preParse
+        parseFn = self._parse
+        ParserElement.resetCache()
+        matches = 0
+        try:
+            while loc <= instrlen and matches < maxMatches:
+                try:
+                    preloc = preparseFn(instring, loc)
+                    nextLoc, tokens = parseFn(instring, preloc, callPreParse=False)
+                except ParseException:
+                    loc = preloc + 1
+                else:
+                    if nextLoc > loc:
+                        matches += 1
+                        if debug:
+                            print(
+                                {
+                                    "tokens": tokens.asList(),
+                                    "start": preloc,
+                                    "end": nextLoc,
+                                }
+                            )
+                        yield tokens, preloc, nextLoc
+                        if overlap:
+                            nextloc = preparseFn(instring, loc)
+                            if nextloc > loc:
+                                loc = nextLoc
+                            else:
+                                loc += 1
+                        else:
+                            loc = nextLoc
+                    else:
+                        loc = preloc + 1
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc.with_traceback(None)
+
+    def transform_string(self, instring: str, *, debug: bool = False) -> str:
+        """
+        Extension to :class:`scan_string`, to modify matching text with modified tokens that may
+        be returned from a parse action.  To use ``transform_string``, define a grammar and
+        attach a parse action to it that modifies the returned token list.
+        Invoking ``transform_string()`` on a target string will then scan for matches,
+        and replace the matched text patterns according to the logic in the parse
+        action.  ``transform_string()`` returns the resulting transformed string.
+
+        Example::
+
+            wd = Word(alphas)
+            wd.set_parse_action(lambda toks: toks[0].title())
+
+            print(wd.transform_string("now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york."))
+
+        prints::
+
+            Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York.
+        """
+        out: List[str] = []
+        lastE = 0
+        # force preservation of <TAB>s, to minimize unwanted transformation of string, and to
+        # keep string locs straight between transform_string and scan_string
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        try:
+            for t, s, e in self.scan_string(instring, debug=debug):
+                out.append(instring[lastE:s])
+                if t:
+                    if isinstance(t, ParseResults):
+                        out += t.as_list()
+                    elif isinstance(t, Iterable) and not isinstance(t, str_type):
+                        out.extend(t)
+                    else:
+                        out.append(t)
+                lastE = e
+            out.append(instring[lastE:])
+            out = [o for o in out if o]
+            return "".join([str(s) for s in _flatten(out)])
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc.with_traceback(None)
+
+    def search_string(
+        self,
+        instring: str,
+        max_matches: int = _MAX_INT,
+        *,
+        debug: bool = False,
+        maxMatches: int = _MAX_INT,
+    ) -> ParseResults:
+        """
+        Another extension to :class:`scan_string`, simplifying the access to the tokens found
+        to match the given parse expression.  May be called with optional
+        ``max_matches`` argument, to clip searching after 'n' matches are found.
+
+        Example::
+
+            # a capitalized word starts with an uppercase letter, followed by zero or more lowercase letters
+            cap_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+
+            print(cap_word.search_string("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity"))
+
+            # the sum() builtin can be used to merge results into a single ParseResults object
+            print(sum(cap_word.search_string("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity")))
+
+        prints::
+
+            [['More'], ['Iron'], ['Lead'], ['Gold'], ['I'], ['Electricity']]
+            ['More', 'Iron', 'Lead', 'Gold', 'I', 'Electricity']
+        """
+        maxMatches = min(maxMatches, max_matches)
+        try:
+            return ParseResults(
+                [t for t, s, e in self.scan_string(instring, maxMatches, debug=debug)]
+            )
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc.with_traceback(None)
+
+    def split(
+        self,
+        instring: str,
+        maxsplit: int = _MAX_INT,
+        include_separators: bool = False,
+        *,
+        includeSeparators=False,
+    ) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
+        """
+        Generator method to split a string using the given expression as a separator.
+        May be called with optional ``maxsplit`` argument, to limit the number of splits;
+        and the optional ``include_separators`` argument (default= ``False``), if the separating
+        matching text should be included in the split results.
+
+        Example::
+
+            punc = one_of(list(".,;:/-!?"))
+            print(list(punc.split("This, this?, this sentence, is badly punctuated!")))
+
+        prints::
+
+            ['This', ' this', '', ' this sentence', ' is badly punctuated', '']
+        """
+        includeSeparators = includeSeparators or include_separators
+        last = 0
+        for t, s, e in self.scan_string(instring, max_matches=maxsplit):
+            yield instring[last:s]
+            if includeSeparators:
+                yield t[0]
+            last = e
+        yield instring[last:]
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``+`` operator - returns :class:`And`. Adding strings to a :class:`ParserElement`
+        converts them to :class:`Literal`s by default.
+
+        Example::
+
+            greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+            hello = "Hello, World!"
+            print(hello, "->", greet.parse_string(hello))
+
+        prints::
+
+            Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+
+        ``...`` may be used as a parse expression as a short form of :class:`SkipTo`.
+
+            Literal('start') + ... + Literal('end')
+
+        is equivalent to:
+
+            Literal('start') + SkipTo('end')("_skipped*") + Literal('end')
+
+        Note that the skipped text is returned with '_skipped' as a results name,
+        and to support having multiple skips in the same parser, the value returned is
+        a list of all skipped text.
+        """
+        if other is Ellipsis:
+            return _PendingSkip(self)
+
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return And([self, other])
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``+`` operator when left operand is not a :class:`ParserElement`
+        """
+        if other is Ellipsis:
+            return SkipTo(self)("_skipped*") + self
+
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return other + self
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``-`` operator, returns :class:`And` with error stop
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return self + And._ErrorStop() + other
+
+    def __rsub__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``-`` operator when left operand is not a :class:`ParserElement`
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return other - self
+
+    def __mul__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``*`` operator, allows use of ``expr * 3`` in place of
+        ``expr + expr + expr``.  Expressions may also be multiplied by a 2-integer
+        tuple, similar to ``{min, max}`` multipliers in regular expressions.  Tuples
+        may also include ``None`` as in:
+        - ``expr*(n, None)`` or ``expr*(n, )`` is equivalent
+             to ``expr*n + ZeroOrMore(expr)``
+             (read as "at least n instances of ``expr``")
+        - ``expr*(None, n)`` is equivalent to ``expr*(0, n)``
+             (read as "0 to n instances of ``expr``")
+        - ``expr*(None, None)`` is equivalent to ``ZeroOrMore(expr)``
+        - ``expr*(1, None)`` is equivalent to ``OneOrMore(expr)``
+
+        Note that ``expr*(None, n)`` does not raise an exception if
+        more than n exprs exist in the input stream; that is,
+        ``expr*(None, n)`` does not enforce a maximum number of expr
+        occurrences.  If this behavior is desired, then write
+        ``expr*(None, n) + ~expr``
+        """
+        if other is Ellipsis:
+            other = (0, None)
+        elif isinstance(other, tuple) and other[:1] == (Ellipsis,):
+            other = ((0,) + other[1:] + (None,))[:2]
+
+        if isinstance(other, int):
+            minElements, optElements = other, 0
+        elif isinstance(other, tuple):
+            other = tuple(o if o is not Ellipsis else None for o in other)
+            other = (other + (None, None))[:2]
+            if other[0] is None:
+                other = (0, other[1])
+            if isinstance(other[0], int) and other[1] is None:
+                if other[0] == 0:
+                    return ZeroOrMore(self)
+                if other[0] == 1:
+                    return OneOrMore(self)
+                else:
+                    return self * other[0] + ZeroOrMore(self)
+            elif isinstance(other[0], int) and isinstance(other[1], int):
+                minElements, optElements = other
+                optElements -= minElements
+            else:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "cannot multiply ParserElement and ({}) objects".format(
+                        ",".join(type(item).__name__ for item in other)
+                    )
+                )
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "cannot multiply ParserElement and {} objects".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+
+        if minElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError("cannot multiply ParserElement by negative value")
+        if optElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "second tuple value must be greater or equal to first tuple value"
+            )
+        if minElements == optElements == 0:
+            return And([])
+
+        if optElements:
+
+            def makeOptionalList(n):
+                if n > 1:
+                    return Opt(self + makeOptionalList(n - 1))
+                else:
+                    return Opt(self)
+
+            if minElements:
+                if minElements == 1:
+                    ret = self + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+                else:
+                    ret = And([self] * minElements) + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+            else:
+                ret = makeOptionalList(optElements)
+        else:
+            if minElements == 1:
+                ret = self
+            else:
+                ret = And([self] * minElements)
+        return ret
+
+    def __rmul__(self, other):
+        return self.__mul__(other)
+
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``|`` operator - returns :class:`MatchFirst`
+        """
+        if other is Ellipsis:
+            return _PendingSkip(self, must_skip=True)
+
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return MatchFirst([self, other])
+
+    def __ror__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``|`` operator when left operand is not a :class:`ParserElement`
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return other | self
+
+    def __xor__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``^`` operator - returns :class:`Or`
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return Or([self, other])
+
+    def __rxor__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``^`` operator when left operand is not a :class:`ParserElement`
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return other ^ self
+
+    def __and__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``&`` operator - returns :class:`Each`
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return Each([self, other])
+
+    def __rand__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``&`` operator when left operand is not a :class:`ParserElement`
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        if not isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot combine element of type {} with ParserElement".format(
+                    type(other).__name__
+                )
+            )
+        return other & self
+
+    def __invert__(self):
+        """
+        Implementation of ``~`` operator - returns :class:`NotAny`
+        """
+        return NotAny(self)
+
+    # disable __iter__ to override legacy use of sequential access to __getitem__ to
+    # iterate over a sequence
+    __iter__ = None
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        """
+        use ``[]`` indexing notation as a short form for expression repetition:
+
+        - ``expr[n]`` is equivalent to ``expr*n``
+        - ``expr[m, n]`` is equivalent to ``expr*(m, n)``
+        - ``expr[n, ...]`` or ``expr[n,]`` is equivalent
+             to ``expr*n + ZeroOrMore(expr)``
+             (read as "at least n instances of ``expr``")
+        - ``expr[..., n]`` is equivalent to ``expr*(0, n)``
+             (read as "0 to n instances of ``expr``")
+        - ``expr[...]`` and ``expr[0, ...]`` are equivalent to ``ZeroOrMore(expr)``
+        - ``expr[1, ...]`` is equivalent to ``OneOrMore(expr)``
+
+        ``None`` may be used in place of ``...``.
+
+        Note that ``expr[..., n]`` and ``expr[m, n]``do not raise an exception
+        if more than ``n`` ``expr``s exist in the input stream.  If this behavior is
+        desired, then write ``expr[..., n] + ~expr``.
+        """
+
+        # convert single arg keys to tuples
+        try:
+            if isinstance(key, str_type):
+                key = (key,)
+            iter(key)
+        except TypeError:
+            key = (key, key)
+
+        if len(key) > 2:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "only 1 or 2 index arguments supported ({}{})".format(
+                    key[:5], "... [{}]".format(len(key)) if len(key) > 5 else ""
+                )
+            )
+
+        # clip to 2 elements
+        ret = self * tuple(key[:2])
+        return ret
+
+    def __call__(self, name: str = None):
+        """
+        Shortcut for :class:`set_results_name`, with ``list_all_matches=False``.
+
+        If ``name`` is given with a trailing ``'*'`` character, then ``list_all_matches`` will be
+        passed as ``True``.
+
+        If ``name` is omitted, same as calling :class:`copy`.
+
+        Example::
+
+            # these are equivalent
+            userdata = Word(alphas).set_results_name("name") + Word(nums + "-").set_results_name("socsecno")
+            userdata = Word(alphas)("name") + Word(nums + "-")("socsecno")
+        """
+        if name is not None:
+            return self._setResultsName(name)
+        else:
+            return self.copy()
+
+    def suppress(self) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Suppresses the output of this :class:`ParserElement`; useful to keep punctuation from
+        cluttering up returned output.
+        """
+        return Suppress(self)
+
+    def ignore_whitespace(self, recursive: bool = True) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Enables the skipping of whitespace before matching the characters in the
+        :class:`ParserElement`'s defined pattern.
+
+        :param recursive: If ``True`` (the default), also enable whitespace skipping in child elements (if any)
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        return self
+
+    def leave_whitespace(self, recursive: bool = True) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Disables the skipping of whitespace before matching the characters in the
+        :class:`ParserElement`'s defined pattern.  This is normally only used internally by
+        the pyparsing module, but may be needed in some whitespace-sensitive grammars.
+
+        :param recursive: If true (the default), also disable whitespace skipping in child elements (if any)
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def set_whitespace_chars(
+        self, chars: Union[Set[str], str], copy_defaults: bool = False
+    ) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = set(chars)
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = copy_defaults
+        return self
+
+    def parse_with_tabs(self) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Overrides default behavior to expand ``<TAB>`` s to spaces before parsing the input string.
+        Must be called before ``parse_string`` when the input grammar contains elements that
+        match ``<TAB>`` characters.
+        """
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        return self
+
+    def ignore(self, other: "ParserElement") -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Define expression to be ignored (e.g., comments) while doing pattern
+        matching; may be called repeatedly, to define multiple comment or other
+        ignorable patterns.
+
+        Example::
+
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            patt.parse_string('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd')
+            # -> ['ablaj']
+
+            patt.ignore(c_style_comment)
+            patt.parse_string('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd')
+            # -> ['ablaj', 'lskjd']
+        """
+        import typing
+
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = Suppress(other)
+
+        if isinstance(other, Suppress):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                self.ignoreExprs.append(other)
+        else:
+            self.ignoreExprs.append(Suppress(other.copy()))
+        return self
+
+    def set_debug_actions(
+        self,
+        start_action: DebugStartAction,
+        success_action: DebugSuccessAction,
+        exception_action: DebugExceptionAction,
+    ) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Customize display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching:
+
+        - ``start_action`` - method to be called when an expression is about to be parsed;
+          should have the signature ``fn(input_string: str, location: int, expression: ParserElement, cache_hit: bool)``
+
+        - ``success_action`` - method to be called when an expression has successfully parsed;
+          should have the signature ``fn(input_string: str, start_location: int, end_location: int, expression: ParserELement, parsed_tokens: ParseResults, cache_hit: bool)``
+
+        - ``exception_action`` - method to be called when expression fails to parse;
+          should have the signature ``fn(input_string: str, location: int, expression: ParserElement, exception: Exception, cache_hit: bool)``
+        """
+        self.debugActions = self.DebugActions(
+            start_action or _default_start_debug_action,
+            success_action or _default_success_debug_action,
+            exception_action or _default_exception_debug_action,
+        )
+        self.debug = True
+        return self
+
+    def set_debug(self, flag: bool = True) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Enable display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching.
+        Set ``flag`` to ``True`` to enable, ``False`` to disable.
+
+        Example::
+
+            wd = Word(alphas).set_name("alphaword")
+            integer = Word(nums).set_name("numword")
+            term = wd | integer
+
+            # turn on debugging for wd
+            wd.set_debug()
+
+            OneOrMore(term).parse_string("abc 123 xyz 890")
+
+        prints::
+
+            Match alphaword at loc 0(1,1)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['abc']
+            Match alphaword at loc 3(1,4)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+            Match alphaword at loc 7(1,8)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['xyz']
+            Match alphaword at loc 11(1,12)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 12), (line:1, col:13)
+            Match alphaword at loc 15(1,16)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 15), (line:1, col:16)
+
+        The output shown is that produced by the default debug actions - custom debug actions can be
+        specified using :class:`set_debug_actions`. Prior to attempting
+        to match the ``wd`` expression, the debugging message ``"Match <exprname> at loc <n>(<line>,<col>)"``
+        is shown. Then if the parse succeeds, a ``"Matched"`` message is shown, or an ``"Exception raised"``
+        message is shown. Also note the use of :class:`set_name` to assign a human-readable name to the expression,
+        which makes debugging and exception messages easier to understand - for instance, the default
+        name created for the :class:`Word` expression without calling ``set_name`` is ``"W:(A-Za-z)"``.
+        """
+        if flag:
+            self.set_debug_actions(
+                _default_start_debug_action,
+                _default_success_debug_action,
+                _default_exception_debug_action,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.debug = False
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def default_name(self) -> str:
+        if self._defaultName is None:
+            self._defaultName = self._generateDefaultName()
+        return self._defaultName
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        """
+        Child classes must define this method, which defines how the ``default_name`` is set.
+        """
+
+    def set_name(self, name: str) -> "ParserElement":
+        """
+        Define name for this expression, makes debugging and exception messages clearer.
+        Example::
+            Word(nums).parse_string("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected W:(0-9) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+            Word(nums).set_name("integer").parse_string("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        self.customName = name
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        if __diag__.enable_debug_on_named_expressions:
+            self.set_debug()
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        # This will use a user-defined name if available, but otherwise defaults back to the auto-generated name
+        return self.customName if self.customName is not None else self.default_name
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.name
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+    def streamline(self) -> "ParserElement":
+        self.streamlined = True
+        self._defaultName = None
+        return self
+
+    def recurse(self) -> Sequence["ParserElement"]:
+        return []
+
+    def _checkRecursion(self, parseElementList):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [self]
+        for e in self.recurse():
+            e._checkRecursion(subRecCheckList)
+
+    def validate(self, validateTrace=None) -> None:
+        """
+        Check defined expressions for valid structure, check for infinite recursive definitions.
+        """
+        self._checkRecursion([])
+
+    def parse_file(
+        self,
+        file_or_filename: Union[str, Path, TextIO],
+        encoding: str = "utf-8",
+        parse_all: bool = False,
+        *,
+        parseAll: bool = False,
+    ) -> ParseResults:
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on the given file or filename.
+        If a filename is specified (instead of a file object),
+        the entire file is opened, read, and closed before parsing.
+        """
+        parseAll = parseAll or parse_all
+        try:
+            file_contents = file_or_filename.read()
+        except AttributeError:
+            with open(file_or_filename, "r", encoding=encoding) as f:
+                file_contents = f.read()
+        try:
+            return self.parse_string(file_contents, parseAll)
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc.with_traceback(None)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if self is other:
+            return True
+        elif isinstance(other, str_type):
+            return self.matches(other, parse_all=True)
+        elif isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            return vars(self) == vars(other)
+        return False
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return id(self)
+
+    def matches(
+        self, test_string: str, parse_all: bool = True, *, parseAll: bool = True
+    ) -> bool:
+        """
+        Method for quick testing of a parser against a test string. Good for simple
+        inline microtests of sub expressions while building up larger parser.
+
+        Parameters:
+        - ``test_string`` - to test against this expression for a match
+        - ``parse_all`` - (default= ``True``) - flag to pass to :class:`parse_string` when running tests
+
+        Example::
+
+            expr = Word(nums)
+            assert expr.matches("100")
+        """
+        parseAll = parseAll and parse_all
+        try:
+            self.parse_string(str(test_string), parse_all=parseAll)
+            return True
+        except ParseBaseException:
+            return False
+
+    def run_tests(
+        self,
+        tests: Union[str, List[str]],
+        parse_all: bool = True,
+        comment: OptionalType[Union["ParserElement", str]] = "#",
+        full_dump: bool = True,
+        print_results: bool = True,
+        failure_tests: bool = False,
+        post_parse: Callable[[str, ParseResults], str] = None,
+        file: OptionalType[TextIO] = None,
+        with_line_numbers: bool = False,
+        *,
+        parseAll: bool = True,
+        fullDump: bool = True,
+        printResults: bool = True,
+        failureTests: bool = False,
+        postParse: Callable[[str, ParseResults], str] = None,
+    ) -> Tuple[bool, List[Tuple[str, Union[ParseResults, Exception]]]]:
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on a series of test strings, showing each
+        test, the parsed results or where the parse failed. Quick and easy way to
+        run a parse expression against a list of sample strings.
+
+        Parameters:
+        - ``tests`` - a list of separate test strings, or a multiline string of test strings
+        - ``parse_all`` - (default= ``True``) - flag to pass to :class:`parse_string` when running tests
+        - ``comment`` - (default= ``'#'``) - expression for indicating embedded comments in the test
+          string; pass None to disable comment filtering
+        - ``full_dump`` - (default= ``True``) - dump results as list followed by results names in nested outline;
+          if False, only dump nested list
+        - ``print_results`` - (default= ``True``) prints test output to stdout
+        - ``failure_tests`` - (default= ``False``) indicates if these tests are expected to fail parsing
+        - ``post_parse`` - (default= ``None``) optional callback for successful parse results; called as
+          `fn(test_string, parse_results)` and returns a string to be added to the test output
+        - ``file`` - (default= ``None``) optional file-like object to which test output will be written;
+          if None, will default to ``sys.stdout``
+        - ``with_line_numbers`` - default= ``False``) show test strings with line and column numbers
+
+        Returns: a (success, results) tuple, where success indicates that all tests succeeded
+        (or failed if ``failure_tests`` is True), and the results contain a list of lines of each
+        test's output
+
+        Example::
+
+            number_expr = pyparsing_common.number.copy()
+
+            result = number_expr.run_tests('''
+                # unsigned integer
+                100
+                # negative integer
+                -100
+                # float with scientific notation
+                6.02e23
+                # integer with scientific notation
+                1e-12
+                ''')
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+
+            result = number_expr.run_tests('''
+                # stray character
+                100Z
+                # missing leading digit before '.'
+                -.100
+                # too many '.'
+                3.14.159
+                ''', failure_tests=True)
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+
+        prints::
+
+            # unsigned integer
+            100
+            [100]
+
+            # negative integer
+            -100
+            [-100]
+
+            # float with scientific notation
+            6.02e23
+            [6.02e+23]
+
+            # integer with scientific notation
+            1e-12
+            [1e-12]
+
+            Success
+
+            # stray character
+            100Z
+               ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 3), (line:1, col:4)
+
+            # missing leading digit before '.'
+            -.100
+            ^
+            FAIL: Expected {real number with scientific notation | real number | signed integer} (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+            # too many '.'
+            3.14.159
+                ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+
+            Success
+
+        Each test string must be on a single line. If you want to test a string that spans multiple
+        lines, create a test like this::
+
+            expr.run_tests(r"this is a test\\n of strings that spans \\n 3 lines")
+
+        (Note that this is a raw string literal, you must include the leading ``'r'``.)
+        """
+        from .testing import pyparsing_test
+
+        parseAll = parseAll and parse_all
+        fullDump = fullDump and full_dump
+        printResults = printResults and print_results
+        failureTests = failureTests or failure_tests
+        postParse = postParse or post_parse
+        if isinstance(tests, str_type):
+            line_strip = type(tests).strip
+            tests = [line_strip(test_line) for test_line in tests.rstrip().splitlines()]
+        if isinstance(comment, str_type):
+            comment = Literal(comment)
+        if file is None:
+            file = sys.stdout
+        print_ = file.write
+
+        result: Union[ParseResults, Exception]
+        allResults = []
+        comments = []
+        success = True
+        NL = Literal(r"\n").add_parse_action(replace_with("\n")).ignore(quoted_string)
+        BOM = "\ufeff"
+        for t in tests:
+            if comment is not None and comment.matches(t, False) or comments and not t:
+                comments.append(
+                    pyparsing_test.with_line_numbers(t) if with_line_numbers else t
+                )
+                continue
+            if not t:
+                continue
+            out = [
+                "\n" + "\n".join(comments) if comments else "",
+                pyparsing_test.with_line_numbers(t) if with_line_numbers else t,
+            ]
+            comments = []
+            try:
+                # convert newline marks to actual newlines, and strip leading BOM if present
+                t = NL.transform_string(t.lstrip(BOM))
+                result = self.parse_string(t, parse_all=parseAll)
+            except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                fatal = "(FATAL)" if isinstance(pe, ParseFatalException) else ""
+                out.append(pe.explain())
+                out.append("FAIL: " + str(pe))
+                if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                    out.extend(traceback.format_tb(pe.__traceback__))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = pe
+            except Exception as exc:
+                out.append("FAIL-EXCEPTION: {}: {}".format(type(exc).__name__, exc))
+                if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                    out.extend(traceback.format_tb(exc.__traceback__))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = exc
+            else:
+                success = success and not failureTests
+                if postParse is not None:
+                    try:
+                        pp_value = postParse(t, result)
+                        if pp_value is not None:
+                            if isinstance(pp_value, ParseResults):
+                                out.append(pp_value.dump())
+                            else:
+                                out.append(str(pp_value))
+                        else:
+                            out.append(result.dump())
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        out.append(result.dump(full=fullDump))
+                        out.append(
+                            "{} failed: {}: {}".format(
+                                postParse.__name__, type(e).__name__, e
+                            )
+                        )
+                else:
+                    out.append(result.dump(full=fullDump))
+            out.append("")
+
+            if printResults:
+                print_("\n".join(out))
+
+            allResults.append((t, result))
+
+        return success, allResults
+
+    def create_diagram(
+        self,
+        output_html: Union[TextIO, Path, str],
+        vertical: int = 3,
+        show_results_names: bool = False,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Create a railroad diagram for the parser.
+
+        Parameters:
+        - output_html (str or file-like object) - output target for generated
+          diagram HTML
+        - vertical (int) - threshold for formatting multiple alternatives vertically
+          instead of horizontally (default=3)
+        - show_results_names - bool flag whether diagram should show annotations for
+          defined results names
+
+        Additional diagram-formatting keyword arguments can also be included;
+        see railroad.Diagram class.
+        """
+
+        try:
+            from .diagram import to_railroad, railroad_to_html
+        except ImportError as ie:
+            raise Exception(
+                "must ``pip install pyparsing[diagrams]`` to generate parser railroad diagrams"
+            ) from ie
+
+        self.streamline()
+
+        railroad = to_railroad(
+            self,
+            vertical=vertical,
+            show_results_names=show_results_names,
+            diagram_kwargs=kwargs,
+        )
+        if isinstance(output_html, (str, Path)):
+            with open(output_html, "w", encoding="utf-8") as diag_file:
+                diag_file.write(railroad_to_html(railroad))
+        else:
+            # we were passed a file-like object, just write to it
+            output_html.write(railroad_to_html(railroad))
+
+    setDefaultWhitespaceChars = set_default_whitespace_chars
+    inlineLiteralsUsing = inline_literals_using
+    setResultsName = set_results_name
+    setBreak = set_break
+    setParseAction = set_parse_action
+    addParseAction = add_parse_action
+    addCondition = add_condition
+    setFailAction = set_fail_action
+    tryParse = try_parse
+    canParseNext = can_parse_next
+    resetCache = reset_cache
+    enableLeftRecursion = enable_left_recursion
+    enablePackrat = enable_packrat
+    parseString = parse_string
+    scanString = scan_string
+    searchString = search_string
+    transformString = transform_string
+    setWhitespaceChars = set_whitespace_chars
+    parseWithTabs = parse_with_tabs
+    setDebugActions = set_debug_actions
+    setDebug = set_debug
+    defaultName = default_name
+    setName = set_name
+    parseFile = parse_file
+    runTests = run_tests
+    ignoreWhitespace = ignore_whitespace
+    leaveWhitespace = leave_whitespace
+
+
+class _PendingSkip(ParserElement):
+    # internal placeholder class to hold a place were '...' is added to a parser element,
+    # once another ParserElement is added, this placeholder will be replaced with a SkipTo
+    def __init__(self, expr: ParserElement, must_skip: bool = False):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.anchor = expr
+        self.must_skip = must_skip
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return str(self.anchor + Empty()).replace("Empty", "...")
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        skipper = SkipTo(other).set_name("...")("_skipped*")
+        if self.must_skip:
+
+            def must_skip(t):
+                if not t._skipped or t._skipped.as_list() == [""]:
+                    del t[0]
+                    t.pop("_skipped", None)
+
+            def show_skip(t):
+                if t._skipped.as_list()[-1:] == [""]:
+                    t.pop("_skipped")
+                    t["_skipped"] = "missing <" + repr(self.anchor) + ">"
+
+            return (
+                self.anchor + skipper().add_parse_action(must_skip)
+                | skipper().add_parse_action(show_skip)
+            ) + other
+
+        return self.anchor + skipper + other
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.defaultName
+
+    def parseImpl(self, *args):
+        raise Exception(
+            "use of `...` expression without following SkipTo target expression"
+        )
+
+
+class Token(ParserElement):
+    """Abstract :class:`ParserElement` subclass, for defining atomic
+    matching patterns.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(savelist=False)
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return type(self).__name__
+
+
+class Empty(Token):
+    """
+    An empty token, will always match.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+
+class NoMatch(Token):
+    """
+    A token that will never match.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.errmsg = "Unmatchable token"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Literal(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string.
+
+    Example::
+
+        Literal('blah').parse_string('blah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parse_string('blahfooblah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parse_string('bla')  # -> Exception: Expected "blah"
+
+    For case-insensitive matching, use :class:`CaselessLiteral`.
+
+    For keyword matching (force word break before and after the matched string),
+    use :class:`Keyword` or :class:`CaselessKeyword`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, match_string: str = "", *, matchString: str = ""):
+        super().__init__()
+        match_string = matchString or match_string
+        self.match = match_string
+        self.matchLen = len(match_string)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = match_string[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            raise ValueError("null string passed to Literal; use Empty() instead")
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+        # Performance tuning: modify __class__ to select
+        # a parseImpl optimized for single-character check
+        if self.matchLen == 1 and type(self) is Literal:
+            self.__class__ = _SingleCharLiteral
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return repr(self.match)
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar and instring.startswith(
+            self.match, loc
+        ):
+            return loc + self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class _SingleCharLiteral(Literal):
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar:
+            return loc + 1, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+ParserElement._literalStringClass = Literal
+
+
+class Keyword(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string as a keyword, that is,
+    it must be immediately followed by a non-keyword character.  Compare
+    with :class:`Literal`:
+
+    - ``Literal("if")`` will match the leading ``'if'`` in
+      ``'ifAndOnlyIf'``.
+    - ``Keyword("if")`` will not; it will only match the leading
+      ``'if'`` in ``'if x=1'``, or ``'if(y==2)'``
+
+    Accepts two optional constructor arguments in addition to the
+    keyword string:
+
+    - ``identChars`` is a string of characters that would be valid
+      identifier characters, defaulting to all alphanumerics + "_" and
+      "$"
+    - ``caseless`` allows case-insensitive matching, default is ``False``.
+
+    Example::
+
+        Keyword("start").parse_string("start")  # -> ['start']
+        Keyword("start").parse_string("starting")  # -> Exception
+
+    For case-insensitive matching, use :class:`CaselessKeyword`.
+    """
+
+    DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = alphanums + "_$"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        match_string: str = "",
+        ident_chars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        caseless: bool = False,
+        *,
+        matchString: str = "",
+        identChars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        identChars = identChars or ident_chars
+        if identChars is None:
+            identChars = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+        match_string = matchString or match_string
+        self.match = match_string
+        self.matchLen = len(match_string)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = match_string[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            raise ValueError("null string passed to Keyword; use Empty() instead")
+        self.errmsg = "Expected {} {}".format(type(self).__name__, self.name)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.caseless = caseless
+        if caseless:
+            self.caselessmatch = match_string.upper()
+            identChars = identChars.upper()
+        self.identChars = set(identChars)
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return repr(self.match)
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        errmsg = self.errmsg
+        errloc = loc
+        if self.caseless:
+            if instring[loc : loc + self.matchLen].upper() == self.caselessmatch:
+                if loc == 0 or instring[loc - 1].upper() not in self.identChars:
+                    if (
+                        loc >= len(instring) - self.matchLen
+                        or instring[loc + self.matchLen].upper() not in self.identChars
+                    ):
+                        return loc + self.matchLen, self.match
+                    else:
+                        # followed by keyword char
+                        errmsg += ", was immediately followed by keyword character"
+                        errloc = loc + self.matchLen
+                else:
+                    # preceded by keyword char
+                    errmsg += ", keyword was immediately preceded by keyword character"
+                    errloc = loc - 1
+            # else no match just raise plain exception
+
+        else:
+            if (
+                instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar
+                and self.matchLen == 1
+                or instring.startswith(self.match, loc)
+            ):
+                if loc == 0 or instring[loc - 1] not in self.identChars:
+                    if (
+                        loc >= len(instring) - self.matchLen
+                        or instring[loc + self.matchLen] not in self.identChars
+                    ):
+                        return loc + self.matchLen, self.match
+                    else:
+                        # followed by keyword char
+                        errmsg += (
+                            ", keyword was immediately followed by keyword character"
+                        )
+                        errloc = loc + self.matchLen
+                else:
+                    # preceded by keyword char
+                    errmsg += ", keyword was immediately preceded by keyword character"
+                    errloc = loc - 1
+            # else no match just raise plain exception
+
+        raise ParseException(instring, errloc, errmsg, self)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def set_default_keyword_chars(chars) -> None:
+        """
+        Overrides the default characters used by :class:`Keyword` expressions.
+        """
+        Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = chars
+
+    setDefaultKeywordChars = set_default_keyword_chars
+
+
+class CaselessLiteral(Literal):
+    """
+    Token to match a specified string, ignoring case of letters.
+    Note: the matched results will always be in the case of the given
+    match string, NOT the case of the input text.
+
+    Example::
+
+        OneOrMore(CaselessLiteral("CMD")).parse_string("cmd CMD Cmd10")
+        # -> ['CMD', 'CMD', 'CMD']
+
+    (Contrast with example for :class:`CaselessKeyword`.)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, match_string: str = "", *, matchString: str = ""):
+        match_string = matchString or match_string
+        super().__init__(match_string.upper())
+        # Preserve the defining literal.
+        self.returnString = match_string
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if instring[loc : loc + self.matchLen].upper() == self.match:
+            return loc + self.matchLen, self.returnString
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class CaselessKeyword(Keyword):
+    """
+    Caseless version of :class:`Keyword`.
+
+    Example::
+
+        OneOrMore(CaselessKeyword("CMD")).parse_string("cmd CMD Cmd10")
+        # -> ['CMD', 'CMD']
+
+    (Contrast with example for :class:`CaselessLiteral`.)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        match_string: str = "",
+        ident_chars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        *,
+        matchString: str = "",
+        identChars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+    ):
+        identChars = identChars or ident_chars
+        match_string = matchString or match_string
+        super().__init__(match_string, identChars, caseless=True)
+
+
+class CloseMatch(Token):
+    """A variation on :class:`Literal` which matches "close" matches,
+    that is, strings with at most 'n' mismatching characters.
+    :class:`CloseMatch` takes parameters:
+
+    - ``match_string`` - string to be matched
+    - ``caseless`` - a boolean indicating whether to ignore casing when comparing characters
+    - ``max_mismatches`` - (``default=1``) maximum number of
+      mismatches allowed to count as a match
+
+    The results from a successful parse will contain the matched text
+    from the input string and the following named results:
+
+    - ``mismatches`` - a list of the positions within the
+      match_string where mismatches were found
+    - ``original`` - the original match_string used to compare
+      against the input string
+
+    If ``mismatches`` is an empty list, then the match was an exact
+    match.
+
+    Example::
+
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA")
+        patt.parse_string("ATCATCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+        patt.parse_string("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> Exception: Expected 'ATCATCGAATGGA' (with up to 1 mismatches) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+        # exact match
+        patt.parse_string("ATCATCGAATGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAATGGA'], {'mismatches': [[]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+
+        # close match allowing up to 2 mismatches
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA", max_mismatches=2)
+        patt.parse_string("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCAXCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[4, 9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        match_string: str,
+        max_mismatches: int = None,
+        *,
+        maxMismatches: int = 1,
+        caseless=False,
+    ):
+        maxMismatches = max_mismatches if max_mismatches is not None else maxMismatches
+        super().__init__()
+        self.match_string = match_string
+        self.maxMismatches = maxMismatches
+        self.errmsg = "Expected {!r} (with up to {} mismatches)".format(
+            self.match_string, self.maxMismatches
+        )
+        self.caseless = caseless
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "{}:{!r}".format(type(self).__name__, self.match_string)
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        start = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        maxloc = start + len(self.match_string)
+
+        if maxloc <= instrlen:
+            match_string = self.match_string
+            match_stringloc = 0
+            mismatches = []
+            maxMismatches = self.maxMismatches
+
+            for match_stringloc, s_m in enumerate(
+                zip(instring[loc:maxloc], match_string)
+            ):
+                src, mat = s_m
+                if self.caseless:
+                    src, mat = src.lower(), mat.lower()
+
+                if src != mat:
+                    mismatches.append(match_stringloc)
+                    if len(mismatches) > maxMismatches:
+                        break
+            else:
+                loc = start + match_stringloc + 1
+                results = ParseResults([instring[start:loc]])
+                results["original"] = match_string
+                results["mismatches"] = mismatches
+                return loc, results
+
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Word(Token):
+    """Token for matching words composed of allowed character sets.
+    Parameters:
+    - ``init_chars`` - string of all characters that should be used to
+      match as a word; "ABC" will match "AAA", "ABAB", "CBAC", etc.;
+      if ``body_chars`` is also specified, then this is the string of
+      initial characters
+    - ``body_chars`` - string of characters that
+      can be used for matching after a matched initial character as
+      given in ``init_chars``; if omitted, same as the initial characters
+      (default=``None``)
+    - ``min`` - minimum number of characters to match (default=1)
+    - ``max`` - maximum number of characters to match (default=0)
+    - ``exact`` - exact number of characters to match (default=0)
+    - ``as_keyword`` - match as a keyword (default=``False``)
+    - ``exclude_chars`` - characters that might be
+      found in the input ``body_chars`` string but which should not be
+      accepted for matching ;useful to define a word of all
+      printables except for one or two characters, for instance
+      (default=``None``)
+
+    :class:`srange` is useful for defining custom character set strings
+    for defining :class:`Word` expressions, using range notation from
+    regular expression character sets.
+
+    A common mistake is to use :class:`Word` to match a specific literal
+    string, as in ``Word("Address")``. Remember that :class:`Word`
+    uses the string argument to define *sets* of matchable characters.
+    This expression would match "Add", "AAA", "dAred", or any other word
+    made up of the characters 'A', 'd', 'r', 'e', and 's'. To match an
+    exact literal string, use :class:`Literal` or :class:`Keyword`.
+
+    pyparsing includes helper strings for building Words:
+
+    - :class:`alphas`
+    - :class:`nums`
+    - :class:`alphanums`
+    - :class:`hexnums`
+    - :class:`alphas8bit` (alphabetic characters in ASCII range 128-255
+      - accented, tilded, umlauted, etc.)
+    - :class:`punc8bit` (non-alphabetic characters in ASCII range
+      128-255 - currency, symbols, superscripts, diacriticals, etc.)
+    - :class:`printables` (any non-whitespace character)
+
+    ``alphas``, ``nums``, and ``printables`` are also defined in several
+    Unicode sets - see :class:`pyparsing_unicode``.
+
+    Example::
+
+        # a word composed of digits
+        integer = Word(nums) # equivalent to Word("0123456789") or Word(srange("0-9"))
+
+        # a word with a leading capital, and zero or more lowercase
+        capital_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+
+        # hostnames are alphanumeric, with leading alpha, and '-'
+        hostname = Word(alphas, alphanums + '-')
+
+        # roman numeral (not a strict parser, accepts invalid mix of characters)
+        roman = Word("IVXLCDM")
+
+        # any string of non-whitespace characters, except for ','
+        csv_value = Word(printables, exclude_chars=",")
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        init_chars: str = "",
+        body_chars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        min: int = 1,
+        max: int = 0,
+        exact: int = 0,
+        as_keyword: bool = False,
+        exclude_chars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        *,
+        initChars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        bodyChars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        asKeyword: bool = False,
+        excludeChars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+    ):
+        initChars = initChars or init_chars
+        bodyChars = bodyChars or body_chars
+        asKeyword = asKeyword or as_keyword
+        excludeChars = excludeChars or exclude_chars
+        super().__init__()
+        if not initChars:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "invalid {}, initChars cannot be empty string".format(
+                    type(self).__name__
+                )
+            )
+
+        initChars = set(initChars)
+        self.initChars = initChars
+        if excludeChars:
+            excludeChars = set(excludeChars)
+            initChars -= excludeChars
+            if bodyChars:
+                bodyChars = set(bodyChars) - excludeChars
+        self.initCharsOrig = "".join(sorted(initChars))
+
+        if bodyChars:
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = "".join(sorted(bodyChars))
+            self.bodyChars = set(bodyChars)
+        else:
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = "".join(sorted(initChars))
+            self.bodyChars = set(initChars)
+
+        self.maxSpecified = max > 0
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use Opt(Word()) if zero-length word is permitted"
+            )
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.asKeyword = asKeyword
+
+        # see if we can make a regex for this Word
+        if " " not in self.initChars | self.bodyChars and (min == 1 and exact == 0):
+            if self.bodyChars == self.initChars:
+                if max == 0:
+                    repeat = "+"
+                elif max == 1:
+                    repeat = ""
+                else:
+                    repeat = "{{{},{}}}".format(
+                        self.minLen, "" if self.maxLen == _MAX_INT else self.maxLen
+                    )
+                self.reString = "[{}]{}".format(
+                    _collapse_string_to_ranges(self.initChars),
+                    repeat,
+                )
+            elif len(self.initChars) == 1:
+                if max == 0:
+                    repeat = "*"
+                else:
+                    repeat = "{{0,{}}}".format(max - 1)
+                self.reString = "{}[{}]{}".format(
+                    re.escape(self.initCharsOrig),
+                    _collapse_string_to_ranges(self.bodyChars),
+                    repeat,
+                )
+            else:
+                if max == 0:
+                    repeat = "*"
+                elif max == 2:
+                    repeat = ""
+                else:
+                    repeat = "{{0,{}}}".format(max - 1)
+                self.reString = "[{}][{}]{}".format(
+                    _collapse_string_to_ranges(self.initChars),
+                    _collapse_string_to_ranges(self.bodyChars),
+                    repeat,
+                )
+            if self.asKeyword:
+                self.reString = r"\b" + self.reString + r"\b"
+
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile(self.reString)
+            except sre_constants.error:
+                self.re = None
+            else:
+                self.re_match = self.re.match
+                self.__class__ = _WordRegex
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        def charsAsStr(s):
+            max_repr_len = 16
+            s = _collapse_string_to_ranges(s, re_escape=False)
+            if len(s) > max_repr_len:
+                return s[: max_repr_len - 3] + "..."
+            else:
+                return s
+
+        if self.initChars != self.bodyChars:
+            base = "W:({}, {})".format(
+                charsAsStr(self.initChars), charsAsStr(self.bodyChars)
+            )
+        else:
+            base = "W:({})".format(charsAsStr(self.initChars))
+
+        # add length specification
+        if self.minLen > 1 or self.maxLen != _MAX_INT:
+            if self.minLen == self.maxLen:
+                if self.minLen == 1:
+                    return base[2:]
+                else:
+                    return base + "{{{}}}".format(self.minLen)
+            elif self.maxLen == _MAX_INT:
+                return base + "{{{},...}}".format(self.minLen)
+            else:
+                return base + "{{{},{}}}".format(self.minLen, self.maxLen)
+        return base
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if instring[loc] not in self.initChars:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        bodychars = self.bodyChars
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min(maxloc, instrlen)
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            loc += 1
+
+        throwException = False
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            throwException = True
+        elif self.maxSpecified and loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            throwException = True
+        elif self.asKeyword:
+            if (
+                start > 0
+                and instring[start - 1] in bodychars
+                or loc < instrlen
+                and instring[loc] in bodychars
+            ):
+                throwException = True
+
+        if throwException:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+
+class _WordRegex(Word):
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        result = self.re_match(instring, loc)
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        return loc, result.group()
+
+
+class Char(_WordRegex):
+    """A short-cut class for defining :class:`Word` ``(characters, exact=1)``,
+    when defining a match of any single character in a string of
+    characters.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        charset: str,
+        as_keyword: bool = False,
+        exclude_chars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        *,
+        asKeyword: bool = False,
+        excludeChars: OptionalType[str] = None,
+    ):
+        asKeyword = asKeyword or as_keyword
+        excludeChars = excludeChars or exclude_chars
+        super().__init__(
+            charset, exact=1, asKeyword=asKeyword, excludeChars=excludeChars
+        )
+        self.reString = "[{}]".format(_collapse_string_to_ranges(self.initChars))
+        if asKeyword:
+            self.reString = r"\b{}\b".format(self.reString)
+        self.re = re.compile(self.reString)
+        self.re_match = self.re.match
+
+
+class Regex(Token):
+    r"""Token for matching strings that match a given regular
+    expression. Defined with string specifying the regular expression in
+    a form recognized by the stdlib Python  `re module <https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html>`_.
+    If the given regex contains named groups (defined using ``(?P<name>...)``),
+    these will be preserved as named :class:`ParseResults`.
+
+    If instead of the Python stdlib ``re`` module you wish to use a different RE module
+    (such as the ``regex`` module), you can do so by building your ``Regex`` object with
+    a compiled RE that was compiled using ``regex``.
+
+    Example::
+
+        realnum = Regex(r"[+-]?\d+\.\d*")
+        # ref: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/267399/how-do-you-match-only-valid-roman-numerals-with-a-regular-expression
+        roman = Regex(r"M{0,4}(CM|CD|D?{0,3})(XC|XL|L?X{0,3})(IX|IV|V?I{0,3})")
+
+        # named fields in a regex will be returned as named results
+        date = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d?)-(?P<day>\d\d?)')
+
+        # the Regex class will accept re's compiled using the regex module
+        import regex
+        parser = pp.Regex(regex.compile(r'[0-9]'))
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        pattern: Any,
+        flags: Union[re.RegexFlag, int] = 0,
+        as_group_list: bool = False,
+        as_match: bool = False,
+        *,
+        asGroupList: bool = False,
+        asMatch: bool = False,
+    ):
+        """The parameters ``pattern`` and ``flags`` are passed
+        to the ``re.compile()`` function as-is. See the Python
+        `re module <https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html>`_ module for an
+        explanation of the acceptable patterns and flags.
+        """
+        super().__init__()
+        asGroupList = asGroupList or as_group_list
+        asMatch = asMatch or as_match
+
+        if isinstance(pattern, str_type):
+            if not pattern:
+                raise ValueError("null string passed to Regex; use Empty() instead")
+
+            self.pattern = pattern
+            self.flags = flags
+
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+                self.reString = self.pattern
+            except sre_constants.error:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "invalid pattern ({!r}) passed to Regex".format(pattern)
+                )
+
+        elif hasattr(pattern, "pattern") and hasattr(pattern, "match"):
+            self.re = pattern
+            self.pattern = self.reString = pattern.pattern
+            self.flags = flags
+
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Regex may only be constructed with a string or a compiled RE object"
+            )
+
+        self.re_match = self.re.match
+
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = self.re_match("") is not None
+        self.asGroupList = asGroupList
+        self.asMatch = asMatch
+        if self.asGroupList:
+            self.parseImpl = self.parseImplAsGroupList
+        if self.asMatch:
+            self.parseImpl = self.parseImplAsMatch
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "Re:({})".format(repr(self.pattern).replace("\\\\", "\\"))
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        result = self.re_match(instring, loc)
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        ret = ParseResults(result.group())
+        d = result.groupdict()
+        if d:
+            for k, v in d.items():
+                ret[k] = v
+        return loc, ret
+
+    def parseImplAsGroupList(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        result = self.re_match(instring, loc)
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        ret = result.groups()
+        return loc, ret
+
+    def parseImplAsMatch(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        result = self.re_match(instring, loc)
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        ret = result
+        return loc, ret
+
+    def sub(self, repl: str) -> ParserElement:
+        r"""
+        Return :class:`Regex` with an attached parse action to transform the parsed
+        result as if called using `re.sub(expr, repl, string) <https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#re.sub>`_.
+
+        Example::
+
+            make_html = Regex(r"(\w+):(.*?):").sub(r"<\1>\2</\1>")
+            print(make_html.transform_string("h1:main title:"))
+            # prints "<h1>main title</h1>"
+        """
+        if self.asGroupList:
+            raise TypeError("cannot use sub() with Regex(asGroupList=True)")
+
+        if self.asMatch and callable(repl):
+            raise TypeError("cannot use sub() with a callable with Regex(asMatch=True)")
+
+        if self.asMatch:
+
+            def pa(tokens):
+                return tokens[0].expand(repl)
+
+        else:
+
+            def pa(tokens):
+                return self.re.sub(repl, tokens[0])
+
+        return self.add_parse_action(pa)
+
+
+class QuotedString(Token):
+    r"""
+    Token for matching strings that are delimited by quoting characters.
+
+    Defined with the following parameters:
+
+    - ``quote_char`` - string of one or more characters defining the
+      quote delimiting string
+    - ``esc_char`` - character to re_escape quotes, typically backslash
+      (default= ``None``)
+    - ``esc_quote`` - special quote sequence to re_escape an embedded quote
+      string (such as SQL's ``""`` to re_escape an embedded ``"``)
+      (default= ``None``)
+    - ``multiline`` - boolean indicating whether quotes can span
+      multiple lines (default= ``False``)
+    - ``unquote_results`` - boolean indicating whether the matched text
+      should be unquoted (default= ``True``)
+    - ``end_quote_char`` - string of one or more characters defining the
+      end of the quote delimited string (default= ``None``  => same as
+      quote_char)
+    - ``convert_whitespace_escapes`` - convert escaped whitespace
+      (``'\t'``, ``'\n'``, etc.) to actual whitespace
+      (default= ``True``)
+
+    Example::
+
+        qs = QuotedString('"')
+        print(qs.search_string('lsjdf "This is the quote" sldjf'))
+        complex_qs = QuotedString('{{', end_quote_char='}}')
+        print(complex_qs.search_string('lsjdf {{This is the "quote"}} sldjf'))
+        sql_qs = QuotedString('"', esc_quote='""')
+        print(sql_qs.search_string('lsjdf "This is the quote with ""embedded"" quotes" sldjf'))
+
+    prints::
+
+        [['This is the quote']]
+        [['This is the "quote"']]
+        [['This is the quote with "embedded" quotes']]
+    """
+    ws_map = ((r"\t", "\t"), (r"\n", "\n"), (r"\f", "\f"), (r"\r", "\r"))
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        quote_char: str = "",
+        esc_char: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        esc_quote: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        multiline: bool = False,
+        unquote_results: bool = True,
+        end_quote_char: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        convert_whitespace_escapes: bool = True,
+        *,
+        quoteChar: str = "",
+        escChar: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        escQuote: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        unquoteResults: bool = True,
+        endQuoteChar: OptionalType[str] = None,
+        convertWhitespaceEscapes: bool = True,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        escChar = escChar or esc_char
+        escQuote = escQuote or esc_quote
+        unquoteResults = unquoteResults and unquote_results
+        endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar or end_quote_char
+        convertWhitespaceEscapes = (
+            convertWhitespaceEscapes and convert_whitespace_escapes
+        )
+        quote_char = quoteChar or quote_char
+
+        # remove white space from quote chars - wont work anyway
+        quote_char = quote_char.strip()
+        if not quote_char:
+            raise ValueError("quote_char cannot be the empty string")
+
+        if endQuoteChar is None:
+            endQuoteChar = quote_char
+        else:
+            endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar.strip()
+            if not endQuoteChar:
+                raise ValueError("endQuoteChar cannot be the empty string")
+
+        self.quoteChar = quote_char
+        self.quoteCharLen = len(quote_char)
+        self.firstQuoteChar = quote_char[0]
+        self.endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar
+        self.endQuoteCharLen = len(endQuoteChar)
+        self.escChar = escChar
+        self.escQuote = escQuote
+        self.unquoteResults = unquoteResults
+        self.convertWhitespaceEscapes = convertWhitespaceEscapes
+
+        sep = ""
+        inner_pattern = ""
+
+        if escQuote:
+            inner_pattern += r"{}(?:{})".format(sep, re.escape(escQuote))
+            sep = "|"
+
+        if escChar:
+            inner_pattern += r"{}(?:{}.)".format(sep, re.escape(escChar))
+            sep = "|"
+            self.escCharReplacePattern = re.escape(self.escChar) + "(.)"
+
+        if len(self.endQuoteChar) > 1:
+            inner_pattern += (
+                "{}(?:".format(sep)
+                + "|".join(
+                    "(?:{}(?!{}))".format(
+                        re.escape(self.endQuoteChar[:i]),
+                        re.escape(self.endQuoteChar[i:]),
+                    )
+                    for i in range(len(self.endQuoteChar) - 1, 0, -1)
+                )
+                + ")"
+            )
+            sep = "|"
+
+        if multiline:
+            self.flags = re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL
+            inner_pattern += r"{}(?:[^{}{}])".format(
+                sep,
+                _escape_regex_range_chars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                (_escape_regex_range_chars(escChar) if escChar is not None else ""),
+            )
+        else:
+            self.flags = 0
+            inner_pattern += r"{}(?:[^{}\n\r{}])".format(
+                sep,
+                _escape_regex_range_chars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                (_escape_regex_range_chars(escChar) if escChar is not None else ""),
+            )
+
+        self.pattern = "".join(
+            [
+                re.escape(self.quoteChar),
+                "(?:",
+                inner_pattern,
+                ")*",
+                re.escape(self.endQuoteChar),
+            ]
+        )
+
+        try:
+            self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+            self.reString = self.pattern
+            self.re_match = self.re.match
+        except sre_constants.error:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "invalid pattern {!r} passed to Regex".format(self.pattern)
+            )
+
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        if self.quoteChar == self.endQuoteChar and isinstance(self.quoteChar, str_type):
+            return "string enclosed in {!r}".format(self.quoteChar)
+
+        return "quoted string, starting with {} ending with {}".format(
+            self.quoteChar, self.endQuoteChar
+        )
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        result = (
+            instring[loc] == self.firstQuoteChar
+            and self.re_match(instring, loc)
+            or None
+        )
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        ret = result.group()
+
+        if self.unquoteResults:
+
+            # strip off quotes
+            ret = ret[self.quoteCharLen : -self.endQuoteCharLen]
+
+            if isinstance(ret, str_type):
+                # replace escaped whitespace
+                if "\\" in ret and self.convertWhitespaceEscapes:
+                    for wslit, wschar in self.ws_map:
+                        ret = ret.replace(wslit, wschar)
+
+                # replace escaped characters
+                if self.escChar:
+                    ret = re.sub(self.escCharReplacePattern, r"\g<1>", ret)
+
+                # replace escaped quotes
+                if self.escQuote:
+                    ret = ret.replace(self.escQuote, self.endQuoteChar)
+
+        return loc, ret
+
+
+class CharsNotIn(Token):
+    """Token for matching words composed of characters *not* in a given
+    set (will include whitespace in matched characters if not listed in
+    the provided exclusion set - see example). Defined with string
+    containing all disallowed characters, and an optional minimum,
+    maximum, and/or exact length.  The default value for ``min`` is
+    1 (a minimum value < 1 is not valid); the default values for
+    ``max`` and ``exact`` are 0, meaning no maximum or exact
+    length restriction.
+
+    Example::
+
+        # define a comma-separated-value as anything that is not a ','
+        csv_value = CharsNotIn(',')
+        print(delimited_list(csv_value).parse_string("dkls,lsdkjf,s12 34,@!#,213"))
+
+    prints::
+
+        ['dkls', 'lsdkjf', 's12 34', '@!#', '213']
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        not_chars: str = "",
+        min: int = 1,
+        max: int = 0,
+        exact: int = 0,
+        *,
+        notChars: str = "",
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.notChars = not_chars or notChars
+        self.notCharsSet = set(self.notChars)
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use "
+                "Opt(CharsNotIn()) if zero-length char group is permitted"
+            )
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = self.minLen == 0
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        not_chars_str = _collapse_string_to_ranges(self.notChars)
+        if len(not_chars_str) > 16:
+            return "!W:({}...)".format(self.notChars[: 16 - 3])
+        else:
+            return "!W:({})".format(self.notChars)
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        notchars = self.notCharsSet
+        if instring[loc] in notchars:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        maxlen = min(start + self.maxLen, len(instring))
+        while loc < maxlen and instring[loc] not in notchars:
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+
+class White(Token):
+    """Special matching class for matching whitespace.  Normally,
+    whitespace is ignored by pyparsing grammars.  This class is included
+    when some whitespace structures are significant.  Define with
+    a string containing the whitespace characters to be matched; default
+    is ``" \\t\\r\\n"``.  Also takes optional ``min``,
+    ``max``, and ``exact`` arguments, as defined for the
+    :class:`Word` class.
+    """
+
+    whiteStrs = {
+        " ": "<SP>",
+        "\t": "<TAB>",
+        "\n": "<LF>",
+        "\r": "<CR>",
+        "\f": "<FF>",
+        "\u00A0": "<NBSP>",
+        "\u1680": "<OGHAM_SPACE_MARK>",
+        "\u180E": "<MONGOLIAN_VOWEL_SEPARATOR>",
+        "\u2000": "<EN_QUAD>",
+        "\u2001": "<EM_QUAD>",
+        "\u2002": "<EN_SPACE>",
+        "\u2003": "<EM_SPACE>",
+        "\u2004": "<THREE-PER-EM_SPACE>",
+        "\u2005": "<FOUR-PER-EM_SPACE>",
+        "\u2006": "<SIX-PER-EM_SPACE>",
+        "\u2007": "<FIGURE_SPACE>",
+        "\u2008": "<PUNCTUATION_SPACE>",
+        "\u2009": "<THIN_SPACE>",
+        "\u200A": "<HAIR_SPACE>",
+        "\u200B": "<ZERO_WIDTH_SPACE>",
+        "\u202F": "<NNBSP>",
+        "\u205F": "<MMSP>",
+        "\u3000": "<IDEOGRAPHIC_SPACE>",
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, ws: str = " \t\r\n", min: int = 1, max: int = 0, exact: int = 0):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.matchWhite = ws
+        self.set_whitespace_chars(
+            "".join(c for c in self.whiteStrs if c not in self.matchWhite),
+            copy_defaults=True,
+        )
+        # self.leave_whitespace()
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "".join(White.whiteStrs[c] for c in self.matchWhite)
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if instring[loc] not in self.matchWhite:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min(maxloc, len(instring))
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in self.matchWhite:
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+
+class PositionToken(Token):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+
+class GoToColumn(PositionToken):
+    """Token to advance to a specific column of input text; useful for
+    tabular report scraping.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, colno: int):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.col = colno
+
+    def preParse(self, instring, loc):
+        if col(loc, instring) != self.col:
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            if self.ignoreExprs:
+                loc = self._skipIgnorables(instring, loc)
+            while (
+                loc < instrlen
+                and instring[loc].isspace()
+                and col(loc, instring) != self.col
+            ):
+                loc += 1
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        thiscol = col(loc, instring)
+        if thiscol > self.col:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, "Text not in expected column", self)
+        newloc = loc + self.col - thiscol
+        ret = instring[loc:newloc]
+        return newloc, ret
+
+
+class LineStart(PositionToken):
+    r"""Matches if current position is at the beginning of a line within
+    the parse string
+
+    Example::
+
+        test = '''\
+        AAA this line
+        AAA and this line
+          AAA but not this one
+        B AAA and definitely not this one
+        '''
+
+        for t in (LineStart() + 'AAA' + restOfLine).search_string(test):
+            print(t)
+
+    prints::
+
+        ['AAA', ' this line']
+        ['AAA', ' and this line']
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.leave_whitespace()
+        self.orig_whiteChars = set() | self.whiteChars
+        self.whiteChars.discard("\n")
+        self.skipper = Empty().set_whitespace_chars(self.whiteChars)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of line"
+
+    def preParse(self, instring, loc):
+        if loc == 0:
+            return loc
+        else:
+            ret = self.skipper.preParse(instring, loc)
+            if "\n" in self.orig_whiteChars:
+                while instring[ret : ret + 1] == "\n":
+                    ret = self.skipper.preParse(instring, ret + 1)
+            return ret
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if col(loc, instring) == 1:
+            return loc, []
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class LineEnd(PositionToken):
+    """Matches if current position is at the end of a line within the
+    parse string
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.whiteChars.discard("\n")
+        self.set_whitespace_chars(self.whiteChars, copy_defaults=False)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of line"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if loc < len(instring):
+            if instring[loc] == "\n":
+                return loc + 1, "\n"
+            else:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc + 1, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class StringStart(PositionToken):
+    """Matches if current position is at the beginning of the parse
+    string
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of text"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if loc != 0:
+            # see if entire string up to here is just whitespace and ignoreables
+            if loc != self.preParse(instring, 0):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class StringEnd(PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the end of the parse string
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of text"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if loc < len(instring):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc + 1, []
+        elif loc > len(instring):
+            return loc, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class WordStart(PositionToken):
+    """Matches if the current position is at the beginning of a
+    :class:`Word`, and is not preceded by any character in a given
+    set of ``word_chars`` (default= ``printables``). To emulate the
+    ``\b`` behavior of regular expressions, use
+    ``WordStart(alphanums)``. ``WordStart`` will also match at
+    the beginning of the string being parsed, or at the beginning of
+    a line.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, word_chars: str = printables, *, wordChars: str = printables):
+        wordChars = word_chars if wordChars == printables else wordChars
+        super().__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the start of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if loc != 0:
+            if (
+                instring[loc - 1] in self.wordChars
+                or instring[loc] not in self.wordChars
+            ):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class WordEnd(PositionToken):
+    """Matches if the current position is at the end of a :class:`Word`,
+    and is not followed by any character in a given set of ``word_chars``
+    (default= ``printables``). To emulate the ``\b`` behavior of
+    regular expressions, use ``WordEnd(alphanums)``. ``WordEnd``
+    will also match at the end of the string being parsed, or at the end
+    of a line.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, word_chars: str = printables, *, wordChars: str = printables):
+        wordChars = word_chars if wordChars == printables else wordChars
+        super().__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the end of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        if instrlen > 0 and loc < instrlen:
+            if (
+                instring[loc] in self.wordChars
+                or instring[loc - 1] not in self.wordChars
+            ):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class ParseExpression(ParserElement):
+    """Abstract subclass of ParserElement, for combining and
+    post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, exprs: IterableType[ParserElement], savelist: bool = False):
+        super().__init__(savelist)
+        self.exprs: List[ParserElement]
+        if isinstance(exprs, _generatorType):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+
+        if isinstance(exprs, str_type):
+            self.exprs = [self._literalStringClass(exprs)]
+        elif isinstance(exprs, ParserElement):
+            self.exprs = [exprs]
+        elif isinstance(exprs, Iterable):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+            # if sequence of strings provided, wrap with Literal
+            if any(isinstance(expr, str_type) for expr in exprs):
+                exprs = (
+                    self._literalStringClass(e) if isinstance(e, str_type) else e
+                    for e in exprs
+                )
+            self.exprs = list(exprs)
+        else:
+            try:
+                self.exprs = list(exprs)
+            except TypeError:
+                self.exprs = [exprs]
+        self.callPreparse = False
+
+    def recurse(self) -> Sequence[ParserElement]:
+        return self.exprs[:]
+
+    def append(self, other) -> ParserElement:
+        self.exprs.append(other)
+        self._defaultName = None
+        return self
+
+    def leave_whitespace(self, recursive: bool = True) -> ParserElement:
+        """
+        Extends ``leave_whitespace`` defined in base class, and also invokes ``leave_whitespace`` on
+           all contained expressions.
+        """
+        super().leave_whitespace(recursive)
+
+        if recursive:
+            self.exprs = [e.copy() for e in self.exprs]
+            for e in self.exprs:
+                e.leave_whitespace(recursive)
+        return self
+
+    def ignore_whitespace(self, recursive: bool = True) -> ParserElement:
+        """
+        Extends ``ignore_whitespace`` defined in base class, and also invokes ``leave_whitespace`` on
+           all contained expressions.
+        """
+        super().ignore_whitespace(recursive)
+        if recursive:
+            self.exprs = [e.copy() for e in self.exprs]
+            for e in self.exprs:
+                e.ignore_whitespace(recursive)
+        return self
+
+    def ignore(self, other) -> ParserElement:
+        if isinstance(other, Suppress):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super().ignore(other)
+                for e in self.exprs:
+                    e.ignore(self.ignoreExprs[-1])
+        else:
+            super().ignore(other)
+            for e in self.exprs:
+                e.ignore(self.ignoreExprs[-1])
+        return self
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "{}:({})".format(self.__class__.__name__, str(self.exprs))
+
+    def streamline(self) -> ParserElement:
+        if self.streamlined:
+            return self
+
+        super().streamline()
+
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        # collapse nested :class:`And`'s of the form ``And(And(And(a, b), c), d)`` to ``And(a, b, c, d)``
+        # but only if there are no parse actions or resultsNames on the nested And's
+        # (likewise for :class:`Or`'s and :class:`MatchFirst`'s)
+        if len(self.exprs) == 2:
+            other = self.exprs[0]
+            if (
+                isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+                and not other.parseAction
+                and other.resultsName is None
+                and not other.debug
+            ):
+                self.exprs = other.exprs[:] + [self.exprs[1]]
+                self._defaultName = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError |= other.mayIndexError
+
+            other = self.exprs[-1]
+            if (
+                isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+                and not other.parseAction
+                and other.resultsName is None
+                and not other.debug
+            ):
+                self.exprs = self.exprs[:-1] + other.exprs[:]
+                self._defaultName = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError |= other.mayIndexError
+
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + str(self)
+
+        return self
+
+    def validate(self, validateTrace=None) -> None:
+        tmp = (validateTrace if validateTrace is not None else [])[:] + [self]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.validate(tmp)
+        self._checkRecursion([])
+
+    def copy(self) -> ParserElement:
+        ret = super().copy()
+        ret.exprs = [e.copy() for e in self.exprs]
+        return ret
+
+    def _setResultsName(self, name, listAllMatches=False):
+        if (
+            __diag__.warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection
+            and Diagnostics.warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection
+            not in self.suppress_warnings_
+        ):
+            for e in self.exprs:
+                if (
+                    isinstance(e, ParserElement)
+                    and e.resultsName
+                    and Diagnostics.warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection
+                    not in e.suppress_warnings_
+                ):
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        "{}: setting results name {!r} on {} expression "
+                        "collides with {!r} on contained expression".format(
+                            "warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection",
+                            name,
+                            type(self).__name__,
+                            e.resultsName,
+                        ),
+                        stacklevel=3,
+                    )
+
+        return super()._setResultsName(name, listAllMatches)
+
+    ignoreWhitespace = ignore_whitespace
+    leaveWhitespace = leave_whitespace
+
+
+class And(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires all given :class:`ParseExpression` s to be found in the given order.
+    Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+    May be constructed using the ``'+'`` operator.
+    May also be constructed using the ``'-'`` operator, which will
+    suppress backtracking.
+
+    Example::
+
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        name_expr = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+
+        expr = And([integer("id"), name_expr("name"), integer("age")])
+        # more easily written as:
+        expr = integer("id") + name_expr("name") + integer("age")
+    """
+
+    class _ErrorStop(Empty):
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            self.leave_whitespace()
+
+        def _generateDefaultName(self):
+            return "-"
+
+    def __init__(self, exprs_arg: IterableType[ParserElement], savelist: bool = True):
+        exprs: List[ParserElement] = list(exprs_arg)
+        if exprs and Ellipsis in exprs:
+            tmp = []
+            for i, expr in enumerate(exprs):
+                if expr is Ellipsis:
+                    if i < len(exprs) - 1:
+                        skipto_arg: ParserElement = (Empty() + exprs[i + 1]).exprs[-1]
+                        tmp.append(SkipTo(skipto_arg)("_skipped*"))
+                    else:
+                        raise Exception(
+                            "cannot construct And with sequence ending in ..."
+                        )
+                else:
+                    tmp.append(expr)
+            exprs[:] = tmp
+        super().__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+            if not isinstance(self.exprs[0], White):
+                self.set_whitespace_chars(
+                    self.exprs[0].whiteChars,
+                    copy_defaults=self.exprs[0].copyDefaultWhiteChars,
+                )
+                self.skipWhitespace = self.exprs[0].skipWhitespace
+            else:
+                self.skipWhitespace = False
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def streamline(self) -> ParserElement:
+        # collapse any _PendingSkip's
+        if self.exprs:
+            if any(
+                isinstance(e, ParseExpression)
+                and e.exprs
+                and isinstance(e.exprs[-1], _PendingSkip)
+                for e in self.exprs[:-1]
+            ):
+                for i, e in enumerate(self.exprs[:-1]):
+                    if e is None:
+                        continue
+                    if (
+                        isinstance(e, ParseExpression)
+                        and e.exprs
+                        and isinstance(e.exprs[-1], _PendingSkip)
+                    ):
+                        e.exprs[-1] = e.exprs[-1] + self.exprs[i + 1]
+                        self.exprs[i + 1] = None
+                self.exprs = [e for e in self.exprs if e is not None]
+
+        super().streamline()
+
+        # link any IndentedBlocks to the prior expression
+        for prev, cur in zip(self.exprs, self.exprs[1:]):
+            # traverse cur or any first embedded expr of cur looking for an IndentedBlock
+            # (but watch out for recursive grammar)
+            seen = set()
+            while cur:
+                if id(cur) in seen:
+                    break
+                seen.add(id(cur))
+                if isinstance(cur, IndentedBlock):
+                    prev.add_parse_action(
+                        lambda s, l, t, cur_=cur: setattr(cur_, "parent_anchor", col(l, s))
+                    )
+                    break
+                subs = cur.recurse()
+                cur = next(iter(subs), None)
+
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        return self
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        # pass False as callPreParse arg to _parse for first element, since we already
+        # pre-parsed the string as part of our And pre-parsing
+        loc, resultlist = self.exprs[0]._parse(
+            instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False
+        )
+        errorStop = False
+        for e in self.exprs[1:]:
+            # if isinstance(e, And._ErrorStop):
+            if type(e) is And._ErrorStop:
+                errorStop = True
+                continue
+            if errorStop:
+                try:
+                    loc, exprtokens = e._parse(instring, loc, doActions)
+                except ParseSyntaxException:
+                    raise
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    pe.__traceback__ = None
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException._from_exception(pe)
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException(
+                        instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self
+                    )
+            else:
+                loc, exprtokens = e._parse(instring, loc, doActions)
+            if exprtokens or exprtokens.haskeys():
+                resultlist += exprtokens
+        return loc, resultlist
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        return self.append(other)  # And([self, other])
+
+    def _checkRecursion(self, parseElementList):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [self]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e._checkRecursion(subRecCheckList)
+            if not e.mayReturnEmpty:
+                break
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        inner = " ".join(str(e) for e in self.exprs)
+        # strip off redundant inner {}'s
+        while len(inner) > 1 and inner[0 :: len(inner) - 1] == "{}":
+            inner = inner[1:-1]
+        return "{" + inner + "}"
+
+
+class Or(ParseExpression):
+    """Requires that at least one :class:`ParseExpression` is found. If
+    two expressions match, the expression that matches the longest
+    string will be used. May be constructed using the ``'^'``
+    operator.
+
+    Example::
+
+        # construct Or using '^' operator
+
+        number = Word(nums) ^ Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.search_string("123 3.1416 789"))
+
+    prints::
+
+        [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, exprs: IterableType[ParserElement], savelist: bool = False):
+        super().__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+            self.skipWhitespace = all(e.skipWhitespace for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def streamline(self) -> ParserElement:
+        super().streamline()
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+            self.saveAsList = any(e.saveAsList for e in self.exprs)
+            self.skipWhitespace = all(
+                e.skipWhitespace and not isinstance(e, White) for e in self.exprs
+            )
+        else:
+            self.saveAsList = False
+        return self
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+        matches = []
+        fatals = []
+        if all(e.callPreparse for e in self.exprs):
+            loc = self.preParse(instring, loc)
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                loc2 = e.try_parse(instring, loc, raise_fatal=True)
+            except ParseFatalException as pfe:
+                pfe.__traceback__ = None
+                pfe.parserElement = e
+                fatals.append(pfe)
+                maxException = None
+                maxExcLoc = -1
+            except ParseException as err:
+                if not fatals:
+                    err.__traceback__ = None
+                    if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                        maxException = err
+                        maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(
+                        instring, len(instring), e.errmsg, self
+                    )
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+            else:
+                # save match among all matches, to retry longest to shortest
+                matches.append((loc2, e))
+
+        if matches:
+            # re-evaluate all matches in descending order of length of match, in case attached actions
+            # might change whether or how much they match of the input.
+            matches.sort(key=itemgetter(0), reverse=True)
+
+            if not doActions:
+                # no further conditions or parse actions to change the selection of
+                # alternative, so the first match will be the best match
+                best_expr = matches[0][1]
+                return best_expr._parse(instring, loc, doActions)
+
+            longest = -1, None
+            for loc1, expr1 in matches:
+                if loc1 <= longest[0]:
+                    # already have a longer match than this one will deliver, we are done
+                    return longest
+
+                try:
+                    loc2, toks = expr1._parse(instring, loc, doActions)
+                except ParseException as err:
+                    err.__traceback__ = None
+                    if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                        maxException = err
+                        maxExcLoc = err.loc
+                else:
+                    if loc2 >= loc1:
+                        return loc2, toks
+                    # didn't match as much as before
+                    elif loc2 > longest[0]:
+                        longest = loc2, toks
+
+            if longest != (-1, None):
+                return longest
+
+        if fatals:
+            if len(fatals) > 1:
+                fatals.sort(key=lambda e: -e.loc)
+                if fatals[0].loc == fatals[1].loc:
+                    fatals.sort(key=lambda e: (-e.loc, -len(str(e.parserElement))))
+            max_fatal = fatals[0]
+            raise max_fatal
+
+        if maxException is not None:
+            maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+            raise maxException
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(
+                instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self
+            )
+
+    def __ixor__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        return self.append(other)  # Or([self, other])
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "{" + " ^ ".join(str(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+    def _setResultsName(self, name, listAllMatches=False):
+        if (
+            __diag__.warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation
+            and Diagnostics.warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation
+            not in self.suppress_warnings_
+        ):
+            if any(
+                isinstance(e, And)
+                and Diagnostics.warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation
+                not in e.suppress_warnings_
+                for e in self.exprs
+            ):
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "{}: setting results name {!r} on {} expression "
+                    "will return a list of all parsed tokens in an And alternative, "
+                    "in prior versions only the first token was returned; enclose "
+                    "contained argument in Group".format(
+                        "warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation",
+                        name,
+                        type(self).__name__,
+                    ),
+                    stacklevel=3,
+                )
+
+        return super()._setResultsName(name, listAllMatches)
+
+
+class MatchFirst(ParseExpression):
+    """Requires that at least one :class:`ParseExpression` is found. If
+    more than one expression matches, the first one listed is the one that will
+    match. May be constructed using the ``'|'`` operator.
+
+    Example::
+
+        # construct MatchFirst using '|' operator
+
+        # watch the order of expressions to match
+        number = Word(nums) | Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.search_string("123 3.1416 789")) #  Fail! -> [['123'], ['3'], ['1416'], ['789']]
+
+        # put more selective expression first
+        number = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)) | Word(nums)
+        print(number.search_string("123 3.1416 789")) #  Better -> [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, exprs: IterableType[ParserElement], savelist: bool = False):
+        super().__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+            self.skipWhitespace = all(e.skipWhitespace for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def streamline(self) -> ParserElement:
+        if self.streamlined:
+            return self
+
+        super().streamline()
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.saveAsList = any(e.saveAsList for e in self.exprs)
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+            self.skipWhitespace = all(
+                e.skipWhitespace and not isinstance(e, White) for e in self.exprs
+            )
+        else:
+            self.saveAsList = False
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        return self
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                return e._parse(
+                    instring,
+                    loc,
+                    doActions,
+                )
+            except ParseFatalException as pfe:
+                pfe.__traceback__ = None
+                pfe.parserElement = e
+                raise
+            except ParseException as err:
+                if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = err
+                    maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(
+                        instring, len(instring), e.errmsg, self
+                    )
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+
+        if maxException is not None:
+            maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+            raise maxException
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(
+                instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self
+            )
+
+    def __ior__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        return self.append(other)  # MatchFirst([self, other])
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "{" + " | ".join(str(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+    def _setResultsName(self, name, listAllMatches=False):
+        if (
+            __diag__.warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation
+            and Diagnostics.warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation
+            not in self.suppress_warnings_
+        ):
+            if any(
+                isinstance(e, And)
+                and Diagnostics.warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation
+                not in e.suppress_warnings_
+                for e in self.exprs
+            ):
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "{}: setting results name {!r} on {} expression "
+                    "will return a list of all parsed tokens in an And alternative, "
+                    "in prior versions only the first token was returned; enclose "
+                    "contained argument in Group".format(
+                        "warn_multiple_tokens_in_named_alternation",
+                        name,
+                        type(self).__name__,
+                    ),
+                    stacklevel=3,
+                )
+
+        return super()._setResultsName(name, listAllMatches)
+
+
+class Each(ParseExpression):
+    """Requires all given :class:`ParseExpression` s to be found, but in
+    any order. Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+
+    May be constructed using the ``'&'`` operator.
+
+    Example::
+
+        color = one_of("RED ORANGE YELLOW GREEN BLUE PURPLE BLACK WHITE BROWN")
+        shape_type = one_of("SQUARE CIRCLE TRIANGLE STAR HEXAGON OCTAGON")
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        shape_attr = "shape:" + shape_type("shape")
+        posn_attr = "posn:" + Group(integer("x") + ',' + integer("y"))("posn")
+        color_attr = "color:" + color("color")
+        size_attr = "size:" + integer("size")
+
+        # use Each (using operator '&') to accept attributes in any order
+        # (shape and posn are required, color and size are optional)
+        shape_spec = shape_attr & posn_attr & Opt(color_attr) & Opt(size_attr)
+
+        shape_spec.run_tests('''
+            shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+            shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+            color:GREEN size:20 shape:TRIANGLE posn:20,40
+            '''
+            )
+
+    prints::
+
+        shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+        ['shape:', 'SQUARE', 'color:', 'BLACK', 'posn:', ['100', ',', '120']]
+        - color: BLACK
+        - posn: ['100', ',', '120']
+          - x: 100
+          - y: 120
+        - shape: SQUARE
+
+
+        shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+        ['shape:', 'CIRCLE', 'size:', '50', 'color:', 'BLUE', 'posn:', ['50', ',', '80']]
+        - color: BLUE
+        - posn: ['50', ',', '80']
+          - x: 50
+          - y: 80
+        - shape: CIRCLE
+        - size: 50
+
+
+        color: GREEN size: 20 shape: TRIANGLE posn: 20,40
+        ['color:', 'GREEN', 'size:', '20', 'shape:', 'TRIANGLE', 'posn:', ['20', ',', '40']]
+        - color: GREEN
+        - posn: ['20', ',', '40']
+          - x: 20
+          - y: 40
+        - shape: TRIANGLE
+        - size: 20
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, exprs: IterableType[ParserElement], savelist: bool = True):
+        super().__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.initExprGroups = True
+        self.saveAsList = True
+
+    def streamline(self) -> ParserElement:
+        super().streamline()
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        return self
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if self.initExprGroups:
+            self.opt1map = dict(
+                (id(e.expr), e) for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e, Opt)
+            )
+            opt1 = [e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e, Opt)]
+            opt2 = [
+                e
+                for e in self.exprs
+                if e.mayReturnEmpty and not isinstance(e, (Opt, Regex, ZeroOrMore))
+            ]
+            self.optionals = opt1 + opt2
+            self.multioptionals = [
+                e.expr.set_results_name(e.resultsName, list_all_matches=True)
+                for e in self.exprs
+                if isinstance(e, _MultipleMatch)
+            ]
+            self.multirequired = [
+                e.expr.set_results_name(e.resultsName, list_all_matches=True)
+                for e in self.exprs
+                if isinstance(e, OneOrMore)
+            ]
+            self.required = [
+                e for e in self.exprs if not isinstance(e, (Opt, ZeroOrMore, OneOrMore))
+            ]
+            self.required += self.multirequired
+            self.initExprGroups = False
+
+        tmpLoc = loc
+        tmpReqd = self.required[:]
+        tmpOpt = self.optionals[:]
+        multis = self.multioptionals[:]
+        matchOrder = []
+
+        keepMatching = True
+        failed = []
+        fatals = []
+        while keepMatching:
+            tmpExprs = tmpReqd + tmpOpt + multis
+            failed.clear()
+            fatals.clear()
+            for e in tmpExprs:
+                try:
+                    tmpLoc = e.try_parse(instring, tmpLoc, raise_fatal=True)
+                except ParseFatalException as pfe:
+                    pfe.__traceback__ = None
+                    pfe.parserElement = e
+                    fatals.append(pfe)
+                    failed.append(e)
+                except ParseException:
+                    failed.append(e)
+                else:
+                    matchOrder.append(self.opt1map.get(id(e), e))
+                    if e in tmpReqd:
+                        tmpReqd.remove(e)
+                    elif e in tmpOpt:
+                        tmpOpt.remove(e)
+            if len(failed) == len(tmpExprs):
+                keepMatching = False
+
+        # look for any ParseFatalExceptions
+        if fatals:
+            if len(fatals) > 1:
+                fatals.sort(key=lambda e: -e.loc)
+                if fatals[0].loc == fatals[1].loc:
+                    fatals.sort(key=lambda e: (-e.loc, -len(str(e.parserElement))))
+            max_fatal = fatals[0]
+            raise max_fatal
+
+        if tmpReqd:
+            missing = ", ".join([str(e) for e in tmpReqd])
+            raise ParseException(
+                instring,
+                loc,
+                "Missing one or more required elements ({})".format(missing),
+            )
+
+        # add any unmatched Opts, in case they have default values defined
+        matchOrder += [e for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e, Opt) and e.expr in tmpOpt]
+
+        total_results = ParseResults([])
+        for e in matchOrder:
+            loc, results = e._parse(instring, loc, doActions)
+            total_results += results
+
+        return loc, total_results
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "{" + " & ".join(str(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+
+class ParseElementEnhance(ParserElement):
+    """Abstract subclass of :class:`ParserElement`, for combining and
+    post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expr: Union[ParserElement, str], savelist: bool = False):
+        super().__init__(savelist)
+        if isinstance(expr, str_type):
+            if issubclass(self._literalStringClass, Token):
+                expr = self._literalStringClass(expr)
+            elif issubclass(type(self), self._literalStringClass):
+                expr = Literal(expr)
+            else:
+                expr = self._literalStringClass(Literal(expr))
+        self.expr = expr
+        if expr is not None:
+            self.mayIndexError = expr.mayIndexError
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = expr.mayReturnEmpty
+            self.set_whitespace_chars(
+                expr.whiteChars, copy_defaults=expr.copyDefaultWhiteChars
+            )
+            self.skipWhitespace = expr.skipWhitespace
+            self.saveAsList = expr.saveAsList
+            self.callPreparse = expr.callPreparse
+            self.ignoreExprs.extend(expr.ignoreExprs)
+
+    def recurse(self) -> Sequence[ParserElement]:
+        return [self.expr] if self.expr is not None else []
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return self.expr._parse(instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False)
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, "No expression defined", self)
+
+    def leave_whitespace(self, recursive: bool = True) -> ParserElement:
+        super().leave_whitespace(recursive)
+
+        if recursive:
+            self.expr = self.expr.copy()
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.leave_whitespace(recursive)
+        return self
+
+    def ignore_whitespace(self, recursive: bool = True) -> ParserElement:
+        super().ignore_whitespace(recursive)
+
+        if recursive:
+            self.expr = self.expr.copy()
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.ignore_whitespace(recursive)
+        return self
+
+    def ignore(self, other) -> ParserElement:
+        if isinstance(other, Suppress):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super().ignore(other)
+                if self.expr is not None:
+                    self.expr.ignore(self.ignoreExprs[-1])
+        else:
+            super().ignore(other)
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.ignore(self.ignoreExprs[-1])
+        return self
+
+    def streamline(self) -> ParserElement:
+        super().streamline()
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def _checkRecursion(self, parseElementList):
+        if self in parseElementList:
+            raise RecursiveGrammarException(parseElementList + [self])
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [self]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr._checkRecursion(subRecCheckList)
+
+    def validate(self, validateTrace=None) -> None:
+        if validateTrace is None:
+            validateTrace = []
+        tmp = validateTrace[:] + [self]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self._checkRecursion([])
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "{}:({})".format(self.__class__.__name__, str(self.expr))
+
+    ignoreWhitespace = ignore_whitespace
+    leaveWhitespace = leave_whitespace
+
+
+class IndentedBlock(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Expression to match one or more expressions at a given indentation level.
+    Useful for parsing text where structure is implied by indentation (like Python source code).
+    """
+
+    class _Indent(Empty):
+        def __init__(self, ref_col: int):
+            super().__init__()
+            self.errmsg = "expected indent at column {}".format(ref_col)
+            self.add_condition(lambda s, l, t: col(l, s) == ref_col)
+
+    class _IndentGreater(Empty):
+        def __init__(self, ref_col: int):
+            super().__init__()
+            self.errmsg = "expected indent at column greater than {}".format(ref_col)
+            self.add_condition(lambda s, l, t: col(l, s) > ref_col)
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, expr: ParserElement, *, recursive: bool = False, grouped: bool = True
+    ):
+        super().__init__(expr, savelist=True)
+        # if recursive:
+        #     raise NotImplementedError("IndentedBlock with recursive is not implemented")
+        self._recursive = recursive
+        self._grouped = grouped
+        self.parent_anchor = 1
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        # advance parse position to non-whitespace by using an Empty()
+        # this should be the column to be used for all subsequent indented lines
+        anchor_loc = Empty().preParse(instring, loc)
+
+        # see if self.expr matches at the current location - if not it will raise an exception
+        # and no further work is necessary
+        self.expr.try_parse(instring, anchor_loc, doActions)
+
+        indent_col = col(anchor_loc, instring)
+        peer_detect_expr = self._Indent(indent_col)
+
+        inner_expr = Empty() + peer_detect_expr + self.expr
+        if self._recursive:
+            sub_indent = self._IndentGreater(indent_col)
+            nested_block = IndentedBlock(
+                self.expr, recursive=self._recursive, grouped=self._grouped
+            )
+            nested_block.set_debug(self.debug)
+            nested_block.parent_anchor = indent_col
+            inner_expr += Opt(sub_indent + nested_block)
+
+        inner_expr.set_name(f"inner {hex(id(inner_expr))[-4:].upper()}@{indent_col}")
+        block = OneOrMore(inner_expr)
+
+        trailing_undent = self._Indent(self.parent_anchor) | StringEnd()
+
+        if self._grouped:
+            wrapper = Group
+        else:
+            wrapper = lambda expr: expr
+        return (wrapper(block) + Optional(trailing_undent)).parseImpl(
+            instring, anchor_loc, doActions
+        )
+
+
+class AtStringStart(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """Matches if expression matches at the beginning of the parse
+    string::
+
+        AtStringStart(Word(nums)).parse_string("123")
+        # prints ["123"]
+
+        AtStringStart(Word(nums)).parse_string("    123")
+        # raises ParseException
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expr: Union[ParserElement, str]):
+        super().__init__(expr)
+        self.callPreparse = False
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if loc != 0:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, "not found at string start")
+        return super().parseImpl(instring, loc, doActions)
+
+
+class AtLineStart(ParseElementEnhance):
+    r"""Matches if an expression matches at the beginning of a line within
+    the parse string
+
+    Example::
+
+        test = '''\
+        AAA this line
+        AAA and this line
+          AAA but not this one
+        B AAA and definitely not this one
+        '''
+
+        for t in (AtLineStart('AAA') + restOfLine).search_string(test):
+            print(t)
+
+    prints::
+
+        ['AAA', ' this line']
+        ['AAA', ' and this line']
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expr: Union[ParserElement, str]):
+        super().__init__(expr)
+        self.callPreparse = False
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if col(loc, instring) != 1:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, "not found at line start")
+        return super().parseImpl(instring, loc, doActions)
+
+
+class FollowedBy(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """Lookahead matching of the given parse expression.
+    ``FollowedBy`` does *not* advance the parsing position within
+    the input string, it only verifies that the specified parse
+    expression matches at the current position.  ``FollowedBy``
+    always returns a null token list. If any results names are defined
+    in the lookahead expression, those *will* be returned for access by
+    name.
+
+    Example::
+
+        # use FollowedBy to match a label only if it is followed by a ':'
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stop_on=label).set_parse_action(' '.join))
+
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parse_string("shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: upper left").pprint()
+
+    prints::
+
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['color', 'BLACK'], ['posn', 'upper left']]
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expr: Union[ParserElement, str]):
+        super().__init__(expr)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        # by using self._expr.parse and deleting the contents of the returned ParseResults list
+        # we keep any named results that were defined in the FollowedBy expression
+        _, ret = self.expr._parse(instring, loc, doActions=doActions)
+        del ret[:]
+
+        return loc, ret
+
+
+class PrecededBy(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """Lookbehind matching of the given parse expression.
+    ``PrecededBy`` does not advance the parsing position within the
+    input string, it only verifies that the specified parse expression
+    matches prior to the current position.  ``PrecededBy`` always
+    returns a null token list, but if a results name is defined on the
+    given expression, it is returned.
+
+    Parameters:
+
+    - expr - expression that must match prior to the current parse
+      location
+    - retreat - (default= ``None``) - (int) maximum number of characters
+      to lookbehind prior to the current parse location
+
+    If the lookbehind expression is a string, :class:`Literal`,
+    :class:`Keyword`, or a :class:`Word` or :class:`CharsNotIn`
+    with a specified exact or maximum length, then the retreat
+    parameter is not required. Otherwise, retreat must be specified to
+    give a maximum number of characters to look back from
+    the current parse position for a lookbehind match.
+
+    Example::
+
+        # VB-style variable names with type prefixes
+        int_var = PrecededBy("#") + pyparsing_common.identifier
+        str_var = PrecededBy("$") + pyparsing_common.identifier
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, expr: Union[ParserElement, str], retreat: OptionalType[int] = None
+    ):
+        super().__init__(expr)
+        self.expr = self.expr().leave_whitespace()
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.exact = False
+        if isinstance(expr, str_type):
+            retreat = len(expr)
+            self.exact = True
+        elif isinstance(expr, (Literal, Keyword)):
+            retreat = expr.matchLen
+            self.exact = True
+        elif isinstance(expr, (Word, CharsNotIn)) and expr.maxLen != _MAX_INT:
+            retreat = expr.maxLen
+            self.exact = True
+        elif isinstance(expr, PositionToken):
+            retreat = 0
+            self.exact = True
+        self.retreat = retreat
+        self.errmsg = "not preceded by " + str(expr)
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.parseAction.append(lambda s, l, t: t.__delitem__(slice(None, None)))
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc=0, doActions=True):
+        if self.exact:
+            if loc < self.retreat:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg)
+            start = loc - self.retreat
+            _, ret = self.expr._parse(instring, start)
+        else:
+            # retreat specified a maximum lookbehind window, iterate
+            test_expr = self.expr + StringEnd()
+            instring_slice = instring[max(0, loc - self.retreat) : loc]
+            last_expr = ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg)
+            for offset in range(1, min(loc, self.retreat + 1) + 1):
+                try:
+                    # print('trying', offset, instring_slice, repr(instring_slice[loc - offset:]))
+                    _, ret = test_expr._parse(
+                        instring_slice, len(instring_slice) - offset
+                    )
+                except ParseBaseException as pbe:
+                    last_expr = pbe
+                else:
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise last_expr
+        return loc, ret
+
+
+class Located(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Decorates a returned token with its starting and ending
+    locations in the input string.
+
+    This helper adds the following results names:
+
+    - ``locn_start`` - location where matched expression begins
+    - ``locn_end`` - location where matched expression ends
+    - ``value`` - the actual parsed results
+
+    Be careful if the input text contains ``<TAB>`` characters, you
+    may want to call :class:`ParserElement.parse_with_tabs`
+
+    Example::
+
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        for match in Located(wd).search_string("ljsdf123lksdjjf123lkkjj1222"):
+            print(match)
+
+    prints::
+
+        [0, ['ljsdf'], 5]
+        [8, ['lksdjjf'], 15]
+        [18, ['lkkjj'], 23]
+
+    """
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        start = loc
+        loc, tokens = self.expr._parse(instring, start, doActions, callPreParse=False)
+        ret_tokens = ParseResults([start, tokens, loc])
+        ret_tokens["locn_start"] = start
+        ret_tokens["value"] = tokens
+        ret_tokens["locn_end"] = loc
+        if self.resultsName:
+            # must return as a list, so that the name will be attached to the complete group
+            return loc, [ret_tokens]
+        else:
+            return loc, ret_tokens
+
+
+class NotAny(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Lookahead to disallow matching with the given parse expression.
+    ``NotAny`` does *not* advance the parsing position within the
+    input string, it only verifies that the specified parse expression
+    does *not* match at the current position.  Also, ``NotAny`` does
+    *not* skip over leading whitespace. ``NotAny`` always returns
+    a null token list.  May be constructed using the ``'~'`` operator.
+
+    Example::
+
+        AND, OR, NOT = map(CaselessKeyword, "AND OR NOT".split())
+
+        # take care not to mistake keywords for identifiers
+        ident = ~(AND | OR | NOT) + Word(alphas)
+        boolean_term = Opt(NOT) + ident
+
+        # very crude boolean expression - to support parenthesis groups and
+        # operation hierarchy, use infix_notation
+        boolean_expr = boolean_term + ZeroOrMore((AND | OR) + boolean_term)
+
+        # integers that are followed by "." are actually floats
+        integer = Word(nums) + ~Char(".")
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expr: Union[ParserElement, str]):
+        super().__init__(expr)
+        # do NOT use self.leave_whitespace(), don't want to propagate to exprs
+        # self.leave_whitespace()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Found unwanted token, " + str(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if self.expr.can_parse_next(instring, loc):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "~{" + str(self.expr) + "}"
+
+
+class _MultipleMatch(ParseElementEnhance):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        expr: ParserElement,
+        stop_on: OptionalType[Union[ParserElement, str]] = None,
+        *,
+        stopOn: OptionalType[Union[ParserElement, str]] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(expr)
+        stopOn = stopOn or stop_on
+        self.saveAsList = True
+        ender = stopOn
+        if isinstance(ender, str_type):
+            ender = self._literalStringClass(ender)
+        self.stopOn(ender)
+
+    def stopOn(self, ender) -> ParserElement:
+        if isinstance(ender, str_type):
+            ender = self._literalStringClass(ender)
+        self.not_ender = ~ender if ender is not None else None
+        return self
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        self_expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_skip_ignorables = self._skipIgnorables
+        check_ender = self.not_ender is not None
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender = self.not_ender.tryParse
+
+        # must be at least one (but first see if we are the stopOn sentinel;
+        # if so, fail)
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+        loc, tokens = self_expr_parse(instring, loc, doActions)
+        try:
+            hasIgnoreExprs = not not self.ignoreExprs
+            while 1:
+                if check_ender:
+                    try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+                if hasIgnoreExprs:
+                    preloc = self_skip_ignorables(instring, loc)
+                else:
+                    preloc = loc
+                loc, tmptokens = self_expr_parse(instring, preloc, doActions)
+                if tmptokens or tmptokens.haskeys():
+                    tokens += tmptokens
+        except (ParseException, IndexError):
+            pass
+
+        return loc, tokens
+
+    def _setResultsName(self, name, listAllMatches=False):
+        if (
+            __diag__.warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection
+            and Diagnostics.warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection
+            not in self.suppress_warnings_
+        ):
+            for e in [self.expr] + self.expr.recurse():
+                if (
+                    isinstance(e, ParserElement)
+                    and e.resultsName
+                    and Diagnostics.warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection
+                    not in e.suppress_warnings_
+                ):
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        "{}: setting results name {!r} on {} expression "
+                        "collides with {!r} on contained expression".format(
+                            "warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection",
+                            name,
+                            type(self).__name__,
+                            e.resultsName,
+                        ),
+                        stacklevel=3,
+                    )
+
+        return super()._setResultsName(name, listAllMatches)
+
+
+class OneOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Repetition of one or more of the given expression.
+
+    Parameters:
+    - expr - expression that must match one or more times
+    - stop_on - (default= ``None``) - expression for a terminating sentinel
+         (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition
+         expression)
+
+    Example::
+
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word).set_parse_action(' '.join))
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: BLACK"
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parse_string(text).pprint()  # Fail! read 'color' as data instead of next label -> [['shape', 'SQUARE color']]
+
+        # use stop_on attribute for OneOrMore to avoid reading label string as part of the data
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stop_on=label).set_parse_action(' '.join))
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parse_string(text).pprint() # Better -> [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'BLACK']]
+
+        # could also be written as
+        (attr_expr * (1,)).parse_string(text).pprint()
+    """
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "{" + str(self.expr) + "}..."
+
+
+class ZeroOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Optional repetition of zero or more of the given expression.
+
+    Parameters:
+    - ``expr`` - expression that must match zero or more times
+    - ``stop_on`` - expression for a terminating sentinel
+      (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition
+      expression) - (default= ``None``)
+
+    Example: similar to :class:`OneOrMore`
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        expr: ParserElement,
+        stop_on: OptionalType[Union[ParserElement, str]] = None,
+        *,
+        stopOn: OptionalType[Union[ParserElement, str]] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(expr, stopOn=stopOn or stop_on)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        try:
+            return super().parseImpl(instring, loc, doActions)
+        except (ParseException, IndexError):
+            return loc, ParseResults([], name=self.resultsName)
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        return "[" + str(self.expr) + "]..."
+
+
+class _NullToken:
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ""
+
+
+class Opt(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Optional matching of the given expression.
+
+    Parameters:
+    - ``expr`` - expression that must match zero or more times
+    - ``default`` (optional) - value to be returned if the optional expression is not found.
+
+    Example::
+
+        # US postal code can be a 5-digit zip, plus optional 4-digit qualifier
+        zip = Combine(Word(nums, exact=5) + Opt('-' + Word(nums, exact=4)))
+        zip.run_tests('''
+            # traditional ZIP code
+            12345
+
+            # ZIP+4 form
+            12101-0001
+
+            # invalid ZIP
+            98765-
+            ''')
+
+    prints::
+
+        # traditional ZIP code
+        12345
+        ['12345']
+
+        # ZIP+4 form
+        12101-0001
+        ['12101-0001']
+
+        # invalid ZIP
+        98765-
+             ^
+        FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 5), (line:1, col:6)
+    """
+
+    __optionalNotMatched = _NullToken()
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, expr: Union[ParserElement, str], default: Any = __optionalNotMatched
+    ):
+        super().__init__(expr, savelist=False)
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.defaultValue = default
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        self_expr = self.expr
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self_expr._parse(instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False)
+        except (ParseException, IndexError):
+            default_value = self.defaultValue
+            if default_value is not self.__optionalNotMatched:
+                if self_expr.resultsName:
+                    tokens = ParseResults([default_value])
+                    tokens[self_expr.resultsName] = default_value
+                else:
+                    tokens = [default_value]
+            else:
+                tokens = []
+        return loc, tokens
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        inner = str(self.expr)
+        # strip off redundant inner {}'s
+        while len(inner) > 1 and inner[0 :: len(inner) - 1] == "{}":
+            inner = inner[1:-1]
+        return "[" + inner + "]"
+
+
+Optional = Opt
+
+
+class SkipTo(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Token for skipping over all undefined text until the matched
+    expression is found.
+
+    Parameters:
+    - ``expr`` - target expression marking the end of the data to be skipped
+    - ``include`` - if ``True``, the target expression is also parsed
+      (the skipped text and target expression are returned as a 2-element
+      list) (default= ``False``).
+    - ``ignore`` - (default= ``None``) used to define grammars (typically quoted strings and
+      comments) that might contain false matches to the target expression
+    - ``fail_on`` - (default= ``None``) define expressions that are not allowed to be
+      included in the skipped test; if found before the target expression is found,
+      the :class:`SkipTo` is not a match
+
+    Example::
+
+        report = '''
+            Outstanding Issues Report - 1 Jan 2000
+
+               # | Severity | Description                               |  Days Open
+            -----+----------+-------------------------------------------+-----------
+             101 | Critical | Intermittent system crash                 |          6
+              94 | Cosmetic | Spelling error on Login ('log|n')         |         14
+              79 | Minor    | System slow when running too many reports |         47
+            '''
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        SEP = Suppress('|')
+        # use SkipTo to simply match everything up until the next SEP
+        # - ignore quoted strings, so that a '|' character inside a quoted string does not match
+        # - parse action will call token.strip() for each matched token, i.e., the description body
+        string_data = SkipTo(SEP, ignore=quoted_string)
+        string_data.set_parse_action(token_map(str.strip))
+        ticket_expr = (integer("issue_num") + SEP
+                      + string_data("sev") + SEP
+                      + string_data("desc") + SEP
+                      + integer("days_open"))
+
+        for tkt in ticket_expr.search_string(report):
+            print tkt.dump()
+
+    prints::
+
+        ['101', 'Critical', 'Intermittent system crash', '6']
+        - days_open: 6
+        - desc: Intermittent system crash
+        - issue_num: 101
+        - sev: Critical
+        ['94', 'Cosmetic', "Spelling error on Login ('log|n')", '14']
+        - days_open: 14
+        - desc: Spelling error on Login ('log|n')
+        - issue_num: 94
+        - sev: Cosmetic
+        ['79', 'Minor', 'System slow when running too many reports', '47']
+        - days_open: 47
+        - desc: System slow when running too many reports
+        - issue_num: 79
+        - sev: Minor
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        other: Union[ParserElement, str],
+        include: bool = False,
+        ignore: bool = None,
+        fail_on: OptionalType[Union[ParserElement, str]] = None,
+        *,
+        failOn: Union[ParserElement, str] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(other)
+        failOn = failOn or fail_on
+        self.ignoreExpr = ignore
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.includeMatch = include
+        self.saveAsList = False
+        if isinstance(failOn, str_type):
+            self.failOn = self._literalStringClass(failOn)
+        else:
+            self.failOn = failOn
+        self.errmsg = "No match found for " + str(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        startloc = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        self_expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_failOn_canParseNext = (
+            self.failOn.canParseNext if self.failOn is not None else None
+        )
+        self_ignoreExpr_tryParse = (
+            self.ignoreExpr.tryParse if self.ignoreExpr is not None else None
+        )
+
+        tmploc = loc
+        while tmploc <= instrlen:
+            if self_failOn_canParseNext is not None:
+                # break if failOn expression matches
+                if self_failOn_canParseNext(instring, tmploc):
+                    break
+
+            if self_ignoreExpr_tryParse is not None:
+                # advance past ignore expressions
+                while 1:
+                    try:
+                        tmploc = self_ignoreExpr_tryParse(instring, tmploc)
+                    except ParseBaseException:
+                        break
+
+            try:
+                self_expr_parse(instring, tmploc, doActions=False, callPreParse=False)
+            except (ParseException, IndexError):
+                # no match, advance loc in string
+                tmploc += 1
+            else:
+                # matched skipto expr, done
+                break
+
+        else:
+            # ran off the end of the input string without matching skipto expr, fail
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        # build up return values
+        loc = tmploc
+        skiptext = instring[startloc:loc]
+        skipresult = ParseResults(skiptext)
+
+        if self.includeMatch:
+            loc, mat = self_expr_parse(instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False)
+            skipresult += mat
+
+        return loc, skipresult
+
+
+class Forward(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Forward declaration of an expression to be defined later -
+    used for recursive grammars, such as algebraic infix notation.
+    When the expression is known, it is assigned to the ``Forward``
+    variable using the ``'<<'`` operator.
+
+    Note: take care when assigning to ``Forward`` not to overlook
+    precedence of operators.
+
+    Specifically, ``'|'`` has a lower precedence than ``'<<'``, so that::
+
+        fwd_expr << a | b | c
+
+    will actually be evaluated as::
+
+        (fwd_expr << a) | b | c
+
+    thereby leaving b and c out as parseable alternatives.  It is recommended that you
+    explicitly group the values inserted into the ``Forward``::
+
+        fwd_expr << (a | b | c)
+
+    Converting to use the ``'<<='`` operator instead will avoid this problem.
+
+    See :class:`ParseResults.pprint` for an example of a recursive
+    parser created using ``Forward``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, other: OptionalType[Union[ParserElement, str]] = None):
+        self.caller_frame = traceback.extract_stack(limit=2)[0]
+        super().__init__(other, savelist=False)
+        self.lshift_line = None
+
+    def __lshift__(self, other):
+        if hasattr(self, "caller_frame"):
+            del self.caller_frame
+        if isinstance(other, str_type):
+            other = self._literalStringClass(other)
+        self.expr = other
+        self.mayIndexError = self.expr.mayIndexError
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = self.expr.mayReturnEmpty
+        self.set_whitespace_chars(
+            self.expr.whiteChars, copy_defaults=self.expr.copyDefaultWhiteChars
+        )
+        self.skipWhitespace = self.expr.skipWhitespace
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.ignoreExprs.extend(self.expr.ignoreExprs)
+        self.lshift_line = traceback.extract_stack(limit=2)[-2]
+        return self
+
+    def __ilshift__(self, other):
+        return self << other
+
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        caller_line = traceback.extract_stack(limit=2)[-2]
+        if (
+            __diag__.warn_on_match_first_with_lshift_operator
+            and caller_line == self.lshift_line
+            and Diagnostics.warn_on_match_first_with_lshift_operator
+            not in self.suppress_warnings_
+        ):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "using '<<' operator with '|' is probably an error, use '<<='",
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+        ret = super().__or__(other)
+        return ret
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        # see if we are getting dropped because of '=' reassignment of var instead of '<<=' or '<<'
+        if (
+            self.expr is None
+            and __diag__.warn_on_assignment_to_Forward
+            and Diagnostics.warn_on_assignment_to_Forward not in self.suppress_warnings_
+        ):
+            warnings.warn_explicit(
+                "Forward defined here but no expression attached later using '<<=' or '<<'",
+                UserWarning,
+                filename=self.caller_frame.filename,
+                lineno=self.caller_frame.lineno,
+            )
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+        if (
+            self.expr is None
+            and __diag__.warn_on_parse_using_empty_Forward
+            and Diagnostics.warn_on_parse_using_empty_Forward
+            not in self.suppress_warnings_
+        ):
+            # walk stack until parse_string, scan_string, search_string, or transform_string is found
+            parse_fns = [
+                "parse_string",
+                "scan_string",
+                "search_string",
+                "transform_string",
+            ]
+            tb = traceback.extract_stack(limit=200)
+            for i, frm in enumerate(reversed(tb), start=1):
+                if frm.name in parse_fns:
+                    stacklevel = i + 1
+                    break
+            else:
+                stacklevel = 2
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Forward expression was never assigned a value, will not parse any input",
+                stacklevel=stacklevel,
+            )
+        if not ParserElement._left_recursion_enabled:
+            return super().parseImpl(instring, loc, doActions)
+        # ## Bounded Recursion algorithm ##
+        # Recursion only needs to be processed at ``Forward`` elements, since they are
+        # the only ones that can actually refer to themselves. The general idea is
+        # to handle recursion stepwise: We start at no recursion, then recurse once,
+        # recurse twice, ..., until more recursion offers no benefit (we hit the bound).
+        #
+        # The "trick" here is that each ``Forward`` gets evaluated in two contexts
+        # - to *match* a specific recursion level, and
+        # - to *search* the bounded recursion level
+        # and the two run concurrently. The *search* must *match* each recursion level
+        # to find the best possible match. This is handled by a memo table, which
+        # provides the previous match to the next level match attempt.
+        #
+        # See also "Left Recursion in Parsing Expression Grammars", Medeiros et al.
+        #
+        # There is a complication since we not only *parse* but also *transform* via
+        # actions: We do not want to run the actions too often while expanding. Thus,
+        # we expand using `doActions=False` and only run `doActions=True` if the next
+        # recursion level is acceptable.
+        with ParserElement.recursion_lock:
+            memo = ParserElement.recursion_memos
+            try:
+                # we are parsing at a specific recursion expansion - use it as-is
+                prev_loc, prev_result = memo[loc, self, doActions]
+                if isinstance(prev_result, Exception):
+                    raise prev_result
+                return prev_loc, prev_result.copy()
+            except KeyError:
+                act_key = (loc, self, True)
+                peek_key = (loc, self, False)
+                # we are searching for the best recursion expansion - keep on improving
+                # both `doActions` cases must be tracked separately here!
+                prev_loc, prev_peek = memo[peek_key] = (
+                    loc - 1,
+                    ParseException(
+                        instring, loc, "Forward recursion without base case", self
+                    ),
+                )
+                if doActions:
+                    memo[act_key] = memo[peek_key]
+                while True:
+                    try:
+                        new_loc, new_peek = super().parseImpl(instring, loc, False)
+                    except ParseException:
+                        # we failed before getting any match – do not hide the error
+                        if isinstance(prev_peek, Exception):
+                            raise
+                        new_loc, new_peek = prev_loc, prev_peek
+                    # the match did not get better: we are done
+                    if new_loc <= prev_loc:
+                        if doActions:
+                            # replace the match for doActions=False as well,
+                            # in case the action did backtrack
+                            prev_loc, prev_result = memo[peek_key] = memo[act_key]
+                            del memo[peek_key], memo[act_key]
+                            return prev_loc, prev_result.copy()
+                        del memo[peek_key]
+                        return prev_loc, prev_peek.copy()
+                    # the match did get better: see if we can improve further
+                    else:
+                        if doActions:
+                            try:
+                                memo[act_key] = super().parseImpl(instring, loc, True)
+                            except ParseException as e:
+                                memo[peek_key] = memo[act_key] = (new_loc, e)
+                                raise
+                        prev_loc, prev_peek = memo[peek_key] = new_loc, new_peek
+
+    def leave_whitespace(self, recursive: bool = True) -> ParserElement:
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def ignore_whitespace(self, recursive: bool = True) -> ParserElement:
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        return self
+
+    def streamline(self) -> ParserElement:
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamlined = True
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def validate(self, validateTrace=None) -> None:
+        if validateTrace is None:
+            validateTrace = []
+
+        if self not in validateTrace:
+            tmp = validateTrace[:] + [self]
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self._checkRecursion([])
+
+    def _generateDefaultName(self):
+        # Avoid infinite recursion by setting a temporary _defaultName
+        self._defaultName = ": ..."
+
+        # Use the string representation of main expression.
+        retString = "..."
+        try:
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                retString = str(self.expr)[:1000]
+            else:
+                retString = "None"
+        finally:
+            return self.__class__.__name__ + ": " + retString
+
+    def copy(self) -> ParserElement:
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return super().copy()
+        else:
+            ret = Forward()
+            ret <<= self
+            return ret
+
+    def _setResultsName(self, name, list_all_matches=False):
+        if (
+            __diag__.warn_name_set_on_empty_Forward
+            and Diagnostics.warn_name_set_on_empty_Forward
+            not in self.suppress_warnings_
+        ):
+            if self.expr is None:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "{}: setting results name {!r} on {} expression "
+                    "that has no contained expression".format(
+                        "warn_name_set_on_empty_Forward", name, type(self).__name__
+                    ),
+                    stacklevel=3,
+                )
+
+        return super()._setResultsName(name, list_all_matches)
+
+    ignoreWhitespace = ignore_whitespace
+    leaveWhitespace = leave_whitespace
+
+
+class TokenConverter(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of :class:`ParseExpression`, for converting parsed results.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expr: Union[ParserElement, str], savelist=False):
+        super().__init__(expr)  # , savelist)
+        self.saveAsList = False
+
+
+class Combine(TokenConverter):
+    """Converter to concatenate all matching tokens to a single string.
+    By default, the matching patterns must also be contiguous in the
+    input string; this can be disabled by specifying
+    ``'adjacent=False'`` in the constructor.
+
+    Example::
+
+        real = Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)
+        print(real.parse_string('3.1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+        # will also erroneously match the following
+        print(real.parse_string('3. 1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+
+        real = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(real.parse_string('3.1416')) # -> ['3.1416']
+        # no match when there are internal spaces
+        print(real.parse_string('3. 1416')) # -> Exception: Expected W:(0123...)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        expr: ParserElement,
+        join_string: str = "",
+        adjacent: bool = True,
+        *,
+        joinString: OptionalType[str] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(expr)
+        joinString = joinString if joinString is not None else join_string
+        # suppress whitespace-stripping in contained parse expressions, but re-enable it on the Combine itself
+        if adjacent:
+            self.leave_whitespace()
+        self.adjacent = adjacent
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.joinString = joinString
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def ignore(self, other) -> ParserElement:
+        if self.adjacent:
+            ParserElement.ignore(self, other)
+        else:
+            super().ignore(other)
+        return self
+
+    def postParse(self, instring, loc, tokenlist):
+        retToks = tokenlist.copy()
+        del retToks[:]
+        retToks += ParseResults(
+            ["".join(tokenlist._asStringList(self.joinString))], modal=self.modalResults
+        )
+
+        if self.resultsName and retToks.haskeys():
+            return [retToks]
+        else:
+            return retToks
+
+
+class Group(TokenConverter):
+    """Converter to return the matched tokens as a list - useful for
+    returning tokens of :class:`ZeroOrMore` and :class:`OneOrMore` expressions.
+
+    The optional ``aslist`` argument when set to True will return the
+    parsed tokens as a Python list instead of a pyparsing ParseResults.
+
+    Example::
+
+        ident = Word(alphas)
+        num = Word(nums)
+        term = ident | num
+        func = ident + Opt(delimited_list(term))
+        print(func.parse_string("fn a, b, 100"))
+        # -> ['fn', 'a', 'b', '100']
+
+        func = ident + Group(Opt(delimited_list(term)))
+        print(func.parse_string("fn a, b, 100"))
+        # -> ['fn', ['a', 'b', '100']]
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expr: ParserElement, aslist: bool = False):
+        super().__init__(expr)
+        self.saveAsList = True
+        self._asPythonList = aslist
+
+    def postParse(self, instring, loc, tokenlist):
+        if self._asPythonList:
+            return ParseResults.List(
+                tokenlist.asList()
+                if isinstance(tokenlist, ParseResults)
+                else list(tokenlist)
+            )
+        else:
+            return [tokenlist]
+
+
+class Dict(TokenConverter):
+    """Converter to return a repetitive expression as a list, but also
+    as a dictionary. Each element can also be referenced using the first
+    token in the expression as its key. Useful for tabular report
+    scraping when the first column can be used as a item key.
+
+    The optional ``asdict`` argument when set to True will return the
+    parsed tokens as a Python dict instead of a pyparsing ParseResults.
+
+    Example::
+
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stop_on=label).set_parse_action(' '.join))
+
+        # print attributes as plain groups
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parse_string(text).dump())
+
+        # instead of OneOrMore(expr), parse using Dict(OneOrMore(Group(expr))) - Dict will auto-assign names
+        result = Dict(OneOrMore(Group(attr_expr))).parse_string(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+
+        # access named fields as dict entries, or output as dict
+        print(result['shape'])
+        print(result.as_dict())
+
+    prints::
+
+        ['shape', 'SQUARE', 'posn', 'upper left', 'color', 'light blue', 'texture', 'burlap']
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap', 'shape': 'SQUARE'}
+
+    See more examples at :class:`ParseResults` of accessing fields by results name.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expr: ParserElement, asdict: bool = False):
+        super().__init__(expr)
+        self.saveAsList = True
+        self._asPythonDict = asdict
+
+    def postParse(self, instring, loc, tokenlist):
+        for i, tok in enumerate(tokenlist):
+            if len(tok) == 0:
+                continue
+
+            ikey = tok[0]
+            if isinstance(ikey, int):
+                ikey = str(ikey).strip()
+
+            if len(tok) == 1:
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset("", i)
+
+            elif len(tok) == 2 and not isinstance(tok[1], ParseResults):
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(tok[1], i)
+
+            else:
+                try:
+                    dictvalue = tok.copy()  # ParseResults(i)
+                except Exception:
+                    exc = TypeError(
+                        "could not extract dict values from parsed results"
+                        " - Dict expression must contain Grouped expressions"
+                    )
+                    raise exc from None
+
+                del dictvalue[0]
+
+                if len(dictvalue) != 1 or (
+                    isinstance(dictvalue, ParseResults) and dictvalue.haskeys()
+                ):
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue, i)
+                else:
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue[0], i)
+
+        if self._asPythonDict:
+            return [tokenlist.as_dict()] if self.resultsName else tokenlist.as_dict()
+        else:
+            return [tokenlist] if self.resultsName else tokenlist
+
+
+class Suppress(TokenConverter):
+    """Converter for ignoring the results of a parsed expression.
+
+    Example::
+
+        source = "a, b, c,d"
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        wd_list1 = wd + ZeroOrMore(',' + wd)
+        print(wd_list1.parse_string(source))
+
+        # often, delimiters that are useful during parsing are just in the
+        # way afterward - use Suppress to keep them out of the parsed output
+        wd_list2 = wd + ZeroOrMore(Suppress(',') + wd)
+        print(wd_list2.parse_string(source))
+
+        # Skipped text (using '...') can be suppressed as well
+        source = "lead in START relevant text END trailing text"
+        start_marker = Keyword("START")
+        end_marker = Keyword("END")
+        find_body = Suppress(...) + start_marker + ... + end_marker
+        print(find_body.parse_string(source)
+
+    prints::
+
+        ['a', ',', 'b', ',', 'c', ',', 'd']
+        ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+        ['START', 'relevant text ', 'END']
+
+    (See also :class:`delimited_list`.)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, expr: Union[ParserElement, str], savelist: bool = False):
+        if expr is ...:
+            expr = _PendingSkip(NoMatch())
+        super().__init__(expr)
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(self.expr, _PendingSkip):
+            return Suppress(SkipTo(other)) + other
+        else:
+            return super().__add__(other)
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(self.expr, _PendingSkip):
+            return Suppress(SkipTo(other)) - other
+        else:
+            return super().__sub__(other)
+
+    def postParse(self, instring, loc, tokenlist):
+        return []
+
+    def suppress(self) -> ParserElement:
+        return self
+
+
+def trace_parse_action(f: ParseAction) -> ParseAction:
+    """Decorator for debugging parse actions.
+
+    When the parse action is called, this decorator will print
+    ``">> entering method-name(line:<current_source_line>, <parse_location>, <matched_tokens>)"``.
+    When the parse action completes, the decorator will print
+    ``"<<"`` followed by the returned value, or any exception that the parse action raised.
+
+    Example::
+
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+
+        @trace_parse_action
+        def remove_duplicate_chars(tokens):
+            return ''.join(sorted(set(''.join(tokens))))
+
+        wds = OneOrMore(wd).set_parse_action(remove_duplicate_chars)
+        print(wds.parse_string("slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf"))
+
+    prints::
+
+        >>entering remove_duplicate_chars(line: 'slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf', 0, (['slkdjs', 'sld', 'sldd', 'sdlf', 'sdljf'], {}))
+        <<leaving remove_duplicate_chars (ret: 'dfjkls')
+        ['dfjkls']
+    """
+    f = _trim_arity(f)
+
+    def z(*paArgs):
+        thisFunc = f.__name__
+        s, l, t = paArgs[-3:]
+        if len(paArgs) > 3:
+            thisFunc = paArgs[0].__class__.__name__ + "." + thisFunc
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            ">>entering {}(line: {!r}, {}, {!r})\n".format(thisFunc, line(l, s), l, t)
+        )
+        try:
+            ret = f(*paArgs)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            sys.stderr.write("<<leaving {} (exception: {})\n".format(thisFunc, exc))
+            raise
+        sys.stderr.write("<<leaving {} (ret: {!r})\n".format(thisFunc, ret))
+        return ret
+
+    z.__name__ = f.__name__
+    return z
+
+
+# convenience constants for positional expressions
+empty = Empty().set_name("empty")
+line_start = LineStart().set_name("line_start")
+line_end = LineEnd().set_name("line_end")
+string_start = StringStart().set_name("string_start")
+string_end = StringEnd().set_name("string_end")
+
+_escapedPunc = Word(_bslash, r"\[]-*.$+^?()~ ", exact=2).set_parse_action(
+    lambda s, l, t: t[0][1]
+)
+_escapedHexChar = Regex(r"\\0?[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+").set_parse_action(
+    lambda s, l, t: chr(int(t[0].lstrip(r"\0x"), 16))
+)
+_escapedOctChar = Regex(r"\\0[0-7]+").set_parse_action(
+    lambda s, l, t: chr(int(t[0][1:], 8))
+)
+_singleChar = (
+    _escapedPunc | _escapedHexChar | _escapedOctChar | CharsNotIn(r"\]", exact=1)
+)
+_charRange = Group(_singleChar + Suppress("-") + _singleChar)
+_reBracketExpr = (
+    Literal("[")
+    + Opt("^").set_results_name("negate")
+    + Group(OneOrMore(_charRange | _singleChar)).set_results_name("body")
+    + "]"
+)
+
+
+def srange(s: str) -> str:
+    r"""Helper to easily define string ranges for use in :class:`Word`
+    construction. Borrows syntax from regexp ``'[]'`` string range
+    definitions::
+
+        srange("[0-9]")   -> "0123456789"
+        srange("[a-z]")   -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+        srange("[a-z$_]") -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz$_"
+
+    The input string must be enclosed in []'s, and the returned string
+    is the expanded character set joined into a single string. The
+    values enclosed in the []'s may be:
+
+    - a single character
+    - an escaped character with a leading backslash (such as ``\-``
+      or ``\]``)
+    - an escaped hex character with a leading ``'\x'``
+      (``\x21``, which is a ``'!'`` character) (``\0x##``
+      is also supported for backwards compatibility)
+    - an escaped octal character with a leading ``'\0'``
+      (``\041``, which is a ``'!'`` character)
+    - a range of any of the above, separated by a dash (``'a-z'``,
+      etc.)
+    - any combination of the above (``'aeiouy'``,
+      ``'a-zA-Z0-9_$'``, etc.)
+    """
+    _expanded = (
+        lambda p: p
+        if not isinstance(p, ParseResults)
+        else "".join(chr(c) for c in range(ord(p[0]), ord(p[1]) + 1))
+    )
+    try:
+        return "".join(_expanded(part) for part in _reBracketExpr.parse_string(s).body)
+    except Exception:
+        return ""
+
+
+def token_map(func, *args) -> ParseAction:
+    """Helper to define a parse action by mapping a function to all
+    elements of a :class:`ParseResults` list. If any additional args are passed,
+    they are forwarded to the given function as additional arguments
+    after the token, as in
+    ``hex_integer = Word(hexnums).set_parse_action(token_map(int, 16))``,
+    which will convert the parsed data to an integer using base 16.
+
+    Example (compare the last to example in :class:`ParserElement.transform_string`::
+
+        hex_ints = OneOrMore(Word(hexnums)).set_parse_action(token_map(int, 16))
+        hex_ints.run_tests('''
+            00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+            ''')
+
+        upperword = Word(alphas).set_parse_action(token_map(str.upper))
+        OneOrMore(upperword).run_tests('''
+            my kingdom for a horse
+            ''')
+
+        wd = Word(alphas).set_parse_action(token_map(str.title))
+        OneOrMore(wd).set_parse_action(' '.join).run_tests('''
+            now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+            ''')
+
+    prints::
+
+        00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+        [0, 17, 34, 170, 255, 10, 13, 26]
+
+        my kingdom for a horse
+        ['MY', 'KINGDOM', 'FOR', 'A', 'HORSE']
+
+        now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+        ['Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York']
+    """
+
+    def pa(s, l, t):
+        return [func(tokn, *args) for tokn in t]
+
+    func_name = getattr(func, "__name__", getattr(func, "__class__").__name__)
+    pa.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return pa
+
+
+def autoname_elements() -> None:
+    """
+    Utility to simplify mass-naming of parser elements, for
+    generating railroad diagram with named subdiagrams.
+    """
+    for name, var in sys._getframe().f_back.f_locals.items():
+        if isinstance(var, ParserElement) and not var.customName:
+            var.set_name(name)
+
+
+dbl_quoted_string = Combine(
+    Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*') + '"'
+).set_name("string enclosed in double quotes")
+
+sgl_quoted_string = Combine(
+    Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*") + "'"
+).set_name("string enclosed in single quotes")
+
+quoted_string = Combine(
+    Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*') + '"'
+    | Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*") + "'"
+).set_name("quotedString using single or double quotes")
+
+unicode_string = Combine("u" + quoted_string.copy()).set_name("unicode string literal")
+
+
+alphas8bit = srange(r"[\0xc0-\0xd6\0xd8-\0xf6\0xf8-\0xff]")
+punc8bit = srange(r"[\0xa1-\0xbf\0xd7\0xf7]")
+
+# build list of built-in expressions, for future reference if a global default value
+# gets updated
+_builtin_exprs = [v for v in vars().values() if isinstance(v, ParserElement)]
+
+# backward compatibility names
+tokenMap = token_map
+conditionAsParseAction = condition_as_parse_action
+nullDebugAction = null_debug_action
+sglQuotedString = sgl_quoted_string
+dblQuotedString = dbl_quoted_string
+quotedString = quoted_string
+unicodeString = unicode_string
+lineStart = line_start
+lineEnd = line_end
+stringStart = string_start
+stringEnd = string_end
+traceParseAction = trace_parse_action
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/diagram/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/diagram/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..895b97b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/diagram/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,593 @@
+import railroad
+from pip._vendor import pyparsing
+from pip._vendor.pkg_resources import resource_filename
+from typing import (
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Generic,
+    TypeVar,
+    Dict,
+    Callable,
+    Set,
+    Iterable,
+)
+from jinja2 import Template
+from io import StringIO
+import inspect
+
+with open(resource_filename(__name__, "template.jinja2"), encoding="utf-8") as fp:
+    template = Template(fp.read())
+
+# Note: ideally this would be a dataclass, but we're supporting Python 3.5+ so we can't do this yet
+NamedDiagram = NamedTuple(
+    "NamedDiagram",
+    [("name", str), ("diagram", Optional[railroad.DiagramItem]), ("index", int)],
+)
+"""
+A simple structure for associating a name with a railroad diagram
+"""
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+class EachItem(railroad.Group):
+    """
+    Custom railroad item to compose a:
+    - Group containing a
+      - OneOrMore containing a
+        - Choice of the elements in the Each
+    with the group label indicating that all must be matched
+    """
+
+    all_label = "[ALL]"
+
+    def __init__(self, *items):
+        choice_item = railroad.Choice(len(items) - 1, *items)
+        one_or_more_item = railroad.OneOrMore(item=choice_item)
+        super().__init__(one_or_more_item, label=self.all_label)
+
+
+class AnnotatedItem(railroad.Group):
+    """
+    Simple subclass of Group that creates an annotation label
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, label: str, item):
+        super().__init__(item=item, label="[{}]".format(label))
+
+
+class EditablePartial(Generic[T]):
+    """
+    Acts like a functools.partial, but can be edited. In other words, it represents a type that hasn't yet been
+    constructed.
+    """
+
+    # We need this here because the railroad constructors actually transform the data, so can't be called until the
+    # entire tree is assembled
+
+    def __init__(self, func: Callable[..., T], args: list, kwargs: dict):
+        self.func = func
+        self.args = args
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_call(cls, func: Callable[..., T], *args, **kwargs) -> "EditablePartial[T]":
+        """
+        If you call this function in the same way that you would call the constructor, it will store the arguments
+        as you expect. For example EditablePartial.from_call(Fraction, 1, 3)() == Fraction(1, 3)
+        """
+        return EditablePartial(func=func, args=list(args), kwargs=kwargs)
+
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        return self.kwargs["name"]
+
+    def __call__(self) -> T:
+        """
+        Evaluate the partial and return the result
+        """
+        args = self.args.copy()
+        kwargs = self.kwargs.copy()
+
+        # This is a helpful hack to allow you to specify varargs parameters (e.g. *args) as keyword args (e.g.
+        # args=['list', 'of', 'things'])
+        arg_spec = inspect.getfullargspec(self.func)
+        if arg_spec.varargs in self.kwargs:
+            args += kwargs.pop(arg_spec.varargs)
+
+        return self.func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def railroad_to_html(diagrams: List[NamedDiagram], **kwargs) -> str:
+    """
+    Given a list of NamedDiagram, produce a single HTML string that visualises those diagrams
+    :params kwargs: kwargs to be passed in to the template
+    """
+    data = []
+    for diagram in diagrams:
+        io = StringIO()
+        diagram.diagram.writeSvg(io.write)
+        title = diagram.name
+        if diagram.index == 0:
+            title += " (root)"
+        data.append({"title": title, "text": "", "svg": io.getvalue()})
+
+    return template.render(diagrams=data, **kwargs)
+
+
+def resolve_partial(partial: "EditablePartial[T]") -> T:
+    """
+    Recursively resolves a collection of Partials into whatever type they are
+    """
+    if isinstance(partial, EditablePartial):
+        partial.args = resolve_partial(partial.args)
+        partial.kwargs = resolve_partial(partial.kwargs)
+        return partial()
+    elif isinstance(partial, list):
+        return [resolve_partial(x) for x in partial]
+    elif isinstance(partial, dict):
+        return {key: resolve_partial(x) for key, x in partial.items()}
+    else:
+        return partial
+
+
+def to_railroad(
+    element: pyparsing.ParserElement,
+    diagram_kwargs: Optional[dict] = None,
+    vertical: int = 3,
+    show_results_names: bool = False,
+) -> List[NamedDiagram]:
+    """
+    Convert a pyparsing element tree into a list of diagrams. This is the recommended entrypoint to diagram
+    creation if you want to access the Railroad tree before it is converted to HTML
+    :param element: base element of the parser being diagrammed
+    :param diagram_kwargs: kwargs to pass to the Diagram() constructor
+    :param vertical: (optional) - int - limit at which number of alternatives should be
+       shown vertically instead of horizontally
+    :param show_results_names - bool to indicate whether results name annotations should be
+       included in the diagram
+    """
+    # Convert the whole tree underneath the root
+    lookup = ConverterState(diagram_kwargs=diagram_kwargs or {})
+    _to_diagram_element(
+        element,
+        lookup=lookup,
+        parent=None,
+        vertical=vertical,
+        show_results_names=show_results_names,
+    )
+
+    root_id = id(element)
+    # Convert the root if it hasn't been already
+    if root_id in lookup:
+        if not element.customName:
+            lookup[root_id].name = ""
+        lookup[root_id].mark_for_extraction(root_id, lookup, force=True)
+
+    # Now that we're finished, we can convert from intermediate structures into Railroad elements
+    diags = list(lookup.diagrams.values())
+    if len(diags) > 1:
+        # collapse out duplicate diags with the same name
+        seen = set()
+        deduped_diags = []
+        for d in diags:
+            # don't extract SkipTo elements, they are uninformative as subdiagrams
+            if d.name == "...":
+                continue
+            if d.name is not None and d.name not in seen:
+                seen.add(d.name)
+                deduped_diags.append(d)
+        resolved = [resolve_partial(partial) for partial in deduped_diags]
+    else:
+        # special case - if just one diagram, always display it, even if
+        # it has no name
+        resolved = [resolve_partial(partial) for partial in diags]
+    return sorted(resolved, key=lambda diag: diag.index)
+
+
+def _should_vertical(
+    specification: int, exprs: Iterable[pyparsing.ParserElement]
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Returns true if we should return a vertical list of elements
+    """
+    if specification is None:
+        return False
+    else:
+        return len(_visible_exprs(exprs)) >= specification
+
+
+class ElementState:
+    """
+    State recorded for an individual pyparsing Element
+    """
+
+    # Note: this should be a dataclass, but we have to support Python 3.5
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        element: pyparsing.ParserElement,
+        converted: EditablePartial,
+        parent: EditablePartial,
+        number: int,
+        name: str = None,
+        parent_index: Optional[int] = None,
+    ):
+        #: The pyparsing element that this represents
+        self.element: pyparsing.ParserElement = element
+        #: The name of the element
+        self.name: str = name
+        #: The output Railroad element in an unconverted state
+        self.converted: EditablePartial = converted
+        #: The parent Railroad element, which we store so that we can extract this if it's duplicated
+        self.parent: EditablePartial = parent
+        #: The order in which we found this element, used for sorting diagrams if this is extracted into a diagram
+        self.number: int = number
+        #: The index of this inside its parent
+        self.parent_index: Optional[int] = parent_index
+        #: If true, we should extract this out into a subdiagram
+        self.extract: bool = False
+        #: If true, all of this element's children have been filled out
+        self.complete: bool = False
+
+    def mark_for_extraction(
+        self, el_id: int, state: "ConverterState", name: str = None, force: bool = False
+    ):
+        """
+        Called when this instance has been seen twice, and thus should eventually be extracted into a sub-diagram
+        :param el_id: id of the element
+        :param state: element/diagram state tracker
+        :param name: name to use for this element's text
+        :param force: If true, force extraction now, regardless of the state of this. Only useful for extracting the
+        root element when we know we're finished
+        """
+        self.extract = True
+
+        # Set the name
+        if not self.name:
+            if name:
+                # Allow forcing a custom name
+                self.name = name
+            elif self.element.customName:
+                self.name = self.element.customName
+            else:
+                self.name = ""
+
+        # Just because this is marked for extraction doesn't mean we can do it yet. We may have to wait for children
+        # to be added
+        # Also, if this is just a string literal etc, don't bother extracting it
+        if force or (self.complete and _worth_extracting(self.element)):
+            state.extract_into_diagram(el_id)
+
+
+class ConverterState:
+    """
+    Stores some state that persists between recursions into the element tree
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, diagram_kwargs: Optional[dict] = None):
+        #: A dictionary mapping ParserElements to state relating to them
+        self._element_diagram_states: Dict[int, ElementState] = {}
+        #: A dictionary mapping ParserElement IDs to subdiagrams generated from them
+        self.diagrams: Dict[int, EditablePartial[NamedDiagram]] = {}
+        #: The index of the next unnamed element
+        self.unnamed_index: int = 1
+        #: The index of the next element. This is used for sorting
+        self.index: int = 0
+        #: Shared kwargs that are used to customize the construction of diagrams
+        self.diagram_kwargs: dict = diagram_kwargs or {}
+        self.extracted_diagram_names: Set[str] = set()
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: int, value: ElementState):
+        self._element_diagram_states[key] = value
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> ElementState:
+        return self._element_diagram_states[key]
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key: int):
+        del self._element_diagram_states[key]
+
+    def __contains__(self, key: int):
+        return key in self._element_diagram_states
+
+    def generate_unnamed(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Generate a number used in the name of an otherwise unnamed diagram
+        """
+        self.unnamed_index += 1
+        return self.unnamed_index
+
+    def generate_index(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Generate a number used to index a diagram
+        """
+        self.index += 1
+        return self.index
+
+    def extract_into_diagram(self, el_id: int):
+        """
+        Used when we encounter the same token twice in the same tree. When this
+        happens, we replace all instances of that token with a terminal, and
+        create a new subdiagram for the token
+        """
+        position = self[el_id]
+
+        # Replace the original definition of this element with a regular block
+        if position.parent:
+            ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.NonTerminal, text=position.name)
+            if "item" in position.parent.kwargs:
+                position.parent.kwargs["item"] = ret
+            elif "items" in position.parent.kwargs:
+                position.parent.kwargs["items"][position.parent_index] = ret
+
+        # If the element we're extracting is a group, skip to its content but keep the title
+        if position.converted.func == railroad.Group:
+            content = position.converted.kwargs["item"]
+        else:
+            content = position.converted
+
+        self.diagrams[el_id] = EditablePartial.from_call(
+            NamedDiagram,
+            name=position.name,
+            diagram=EditablePartial.from_call(
+                railroad.Diagram, content, **self.diagram_kwargs
+            ),
+            index=position.number,
+        )
+
+        del self[el_id]
+
+
+def _worth_extracting(element: pyparsing.ParserElement) -> bool:
+    """
+    Returns true if this element is worth having its own sub-diagram. Simply, if any of its children
+    themselves have children, then its complex enough to extract
+    """
+    children = element.recurse()
+    return any(child.recurse() for child in children)
+
+
+def _apply_diagram_item_enhancements(fn):
+    """
+    decorator to ensure enhancements to a diagram item (such as results name annotations)
+    get applied on return from _to_diagram_element (we do this since there are several
+    returns in _to_diagram_element)
+    """
+
+    def _inner(
+        element: pyparsing.ParserElement,
+        parent: Optional[EditablePartial],
+        lookup: ConverterState = None,
+        vertical: int = None,
+        index: int = 0,
+        name_hint: str = None,
+        show_results_names: bool = False,
+    ) -> Optional[EditablePartial]:
+
+        ret = fn(
+            element,
+            parent,
+            lookup,
+            vertical,
+            index,
+            name_hint,
+            show_results_names,
+        )
+
+        # apply annotation for results name, if present
+        if show_results_names and ret is not None:
+            element_results_name = element.resultsName
+            if element_results_name:
+                # add "*" to indicate if this is a "list all results" name
+                element_results_name += "" if element.modalResults else "*"
+                ret = EditablePartial.from_call(
+                    railroad.Group, item=ret, label=element_results_name
+                )
+
+        return ret
+
+    return _inner
+
+
+def _visible_exprs(exprs: Iterable[pyparsing.ParserElement]):
+    non_diagramming_exprs = (
+        pyparsing.ParseElementEnhance,
+        pyparsing.PositionToken,
+        pyparsing.And._ErrorStop,
+    )
+    return [
+        e
+        for e in exprs
+        if not (e.customName or e.resultsName or isinstance(e, non_diagramming_exprs))
+    ]
+
+
+@_apply_diagram_item_enhancements
+def _to_diagram_element(
+    element: pyparsing.ParserElement,
+    parent: Optional[EditablePartial],
+    lookup: ConverterState = None,
+    vertical: int = None,
+    index: int = 0,
+    name_hint: str = None,
+    show_results_names: bool = False,
+) -> Optional[EditablePartial]:
+    """
+    Recursively converts a PyParsing Element to a railroad Element
+    :param lookup: The shared converter state that keeps track of useful things
+    :param index: The index of this element within the parent
+    :param parent: The parent of this element in the output tree
+    :param vertical: Controls at what point we make a list of elements vertical. If this is an integer (the default),
+    it sets the threshold of the number of items before we go vertical. If True, always go vertical, if False, never
+    do so
+    :param name_hint: If provided, this will override the generated name
+    :param show_results_names: bool flag indicating whether to add annotations for results names
+    :returns: The converted version of the input element, but as a Partial that hasn't yet been constructed
+    """
+    exprs = element.recurse()
+    name = name_hint or element.customName or element.__class__.__name__
+
+    # Python's id() is used to provide a unique identifier for elements
+    el_id = id(element)
+
+    element_results_name = element.resultsName
+
+    # Here we basically bypass processing certain wrapper elements if they contribute nothing to the diagram
+    if not element.customName:
+        if isinstance(
+            element,
+            (
+                pyparsing.TokenConverter,
+                # pyparsing.Forward,
+                pyparsing.Located,
+            ),
+        ):
+            # However, if this element has a useful custom name, and its child does not, we can pass it on to the child
+            if exprs:
+                if not exprs[0].customName:
+                    propagated_name = name
+                else:
+                    propagated_name = None
+
+                return _to_diagram_element(
+                    element.expr,
+                    parent=parent,
+                    lookup=lookup,
+                    vertical=vertical,
+                    index=index,
+                    name_hint=propagated_name,
+                    show_results_names=show_results_names,
+                )
+
+    # If the element isn't worth extracting, we always treat it as the first time we say it
+    if _worth_extracting(element):
+        if el_id in lookup:
+            # If we've seen this element exactly once before, we are only just now finding out that it's a duplicate,
+            # so we have to extract it into a new diagram.
+            looked_up = lookup[el_id]
+            looked_up.mark_for_extraction(el_id, lookup, name=name_hint)
+            ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.NonTerminal, text=looked_up.name)
+            return ret
+
+        elif el_id in lookup.diagrams:
+            # If we have seen the element at least twice before, and have already extracted it into a subdiagram, we
+            # just put in a marker element that refers to the sub-diagram
+            ret = EditablePartial.from_call(
+                railroad.NonTerminal, text=lookup.diagrams[el_id].kwargs["name"]
+            )
+            return ret
+
+    # Recursively convert child elements
+    # Here we find the most relevant Railroad element for matching pyparsing Element
+    # We use ``items=[]`` here to hold the place for where the child elements will go once created
+    if isinstance(element, pyparsing.And):
+        # detect And's created with ``expr*N`` notation - for these use a OneOrMore with a repeat
+        # (all will have the same name, and resultsName)
+        if not exprs:
+            return None
+        if len(set((e.name, e.resultsName) for e in exprs)) == 1:
+            ret = EditablePartial.from_call(
+                railroad.OneOrMore, item="", repeat=str(len(exprs))
+            )
+        elif _should_vertical(vertical, exprs):
+            ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.Stack, items=[])
+        else:
+            ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.Sequence, items=[])
+    elif isinstance(element, (pyparsing.Or, pyparsing.MatchFirst)):
+        if not exprs:
+            return None
+        if _should_vertical(vertical, exprs):
+            ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.Choice, 0, items=[])
+        else:
+            ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.HorizontalChoice, items=[])
+    elif isinstance(element, pyparsing.Each):
+        if not exprs:
+            return None
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(EachItem, items=[])
+    elif isinstance(element, pyparsing.NotAny):
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(AnnotatedItem, label="NOT", item="")
+    elif isinstance(element, pyparsing.FollowedBy):
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(AnnotatedItem, label="LOOKAHEAD", item="")
+    elif isinstance(element, pyparsing.PrecededBy):
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(AnnotatedItem, label="LOOKBEHIND", item="")
+    elif isinstance(element, pyparsing.Opt):
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.Optional, item="")
+    elif isinstance(element, pyparsing.OneOrMore):
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.OneOrMore, item="")
+    elif isinstance(element, pyparsing.ZeroOrMore):
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.ZeroOrMore, item="")
+    elif isinstance(element, pyparsing.Group):
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(
+            railroad.Group, item=None, label=element_results_name
+        )
+    elif isinstance(element, pyparsing.Empty) and not element.customName:
+        # Skip unnamed "Empty" elements
+        ret = None
+    elif len(exprs) > 1:
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.Sequence, items=[])
+    elif len(exprs) > 0 and not element_results_name:
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.Group, item="", label=name)
+    else:
+        terminal = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.Terminal, element.defaultName)
+        ret = terminal
+
+    if ret is None:
+        return
+
+    # Indicate this element's position in the tree so we can extract it if necessary
+    lookup[el_id] = ElementState(
+        element=element,
+        converted=ret,
+        parent=parent,
+        parent_index=index,
+        number=lookup.generate_index(),
+    )
+    if element.customName:
+        lookup[el_id].mark_for_extraction(el_id, lookup, element.customName)
+
+    i = 0
+    for expr in exprs:
+        # Add a placeholder index in case we have to extract the child before we even add it to the parent
+        if "items" in ret.kwargs:
+            ret.kwargs["items"].insert(i, None)
+
+        item = _to_diagram_element(
+            expr,
+            parent=ret,
+            lookup=lookup,
+            vertical=vertical,
+            index=i,
+            show_results_names=show_results_names,
+        )
+
+        # Some elements don't need to be shown in the diagram
+        if item is not None:
+            if "item" in ret.kwargs:
+                ret.kwargs["item"] = item
+            elif "items" in ret.kwargs:
+                # If we've already extracted the child, don't touch this index, since it's occupied by a nonterminal
+                ret.kwargs["items"][i] = item
+                i += 1
+        elif "items" in ret.kwargs:
+            # If we're supposed to skip this element, remove it from the parent
+            del ret.kwargs["items"][i]
+
+    # If all this items children are none, skip this item
+    if ret and (
+        ("items" in ret.kwargs and len(ret.kwargs["items"]) == 0)
+        or ("item" in ret.kwargs and ret.kwargs["item"] is None)
+    ):
+        ret = EditablePartial.from_call(railroad.Terminal, name)
+
+    # Mark this element as "complete", ie it has all of its children
+    if el_id in lookup:
+        lookup[el_id].complete = True
+
+    if el_id in lookup and lookup[el_id].extract and lookup[el_id].complete:
+        lookup.extract_into_diagram(el_id)
+        if ret is not None:
+            ret = EditablePartial.from_call(
+                railroad.NonTerminal, text=lookup.diagrams[el_id].kwargs["name"]
+            )
+
+    return ret
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e06513e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+# exceptions.py
+
+import re
+import sys
+from typing import Optional
+
+from .util import col, line, lineno, _collapse_string_to_ranges
+from .unicode import pyparsing_unicode as ppu
+
+
+class ExceptionWordUnicode(ppu.Latin1, ppu.LatinA, ppu.LatinB, ppu.Greek, ppu.Cyrillic):
+    pass
+
+
+_extract_alphanums = _collapse_string_to_ranges(ExceptionWordUnicode.alphanums)
+_exception_word_extractor = re.compile("([" + _extract_alphanums + "]{1,16})|.")
+
+
+class ParseBaseException(Exception):
+    """base exception class for all parsing runtime exceptions"""
+
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        pstr: str,
+        loc: int = 0,
+        msg: Optional[str] = None,
+        elem=None,
+    ):
+        self.loc = loc
+        if msg is None:
+            self.msg = pstr
+            self.pstr = ""
+        else:
+            self.msg = msg
+            self.pstr = pstr
+        self.parser_element = self.parserElement = elem
+        self.args = (pstr, loc, msg)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def explain_exception(exc, depth=16):
+        """
+        Method to take an exception and translate the Python internal traceback into a list
+        of the pyparsing expressions that caused the exception to be raised.
+
+        Parameters:
+
+        - exc - exception raised during parsing (need not be a ParseException, in support
+          of Python exceptions that might be raised in a parse action)
+        - depth (default=16) - number of levels back in the stack trace to list expression
+          and function names; if None, the full stack trace names will be listed; if 0, only
+          the failing input line, marker, and exception string will be shown
+
+        Returns a multi-line string listing the ParserElements and/or function names in the
+        exception's stack trace.
+        """
+        import inspect
+        from .core import ParserElement
+
+        if depth is None:
+            depth = sys.getrecursionlimit()
+        ret = []
+        if isinstance(exc, ParseBaseException):
+            ret.append(exc.line)
+            ret.append(" " * (exc.column - 1) + "^")
+        ret.append("{}: {}".format(type(exc).__name__, exc))
+
+        if depth > 0:
+            callers = inspect.getinnerframes(exc.__traceback__, context=depth)
+            seen = set()
+            for i, ff in enumerate(callers[-depth:]):
+                frm = ff[0]
+
+                f_self = frm.f_locals.get("self", None)
+                if isinstance(f_self, ParserElement):
+                    if frm.f_code.co_name not in ("parseImpl", "_parseNoCache"):
+                        continue
+                    if id(f_self) in seen:
+                        continue
+                    seen.add(id(f_self))
+
+                    self_type = type(f_self)
+                    ret.append(
+                        "{}.{} - {}".format(
+                            self_type.__module__, self_type.__name__, f_self
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                elif f_self is not None:
+                    self_type = type(f_self)
+                    ret.append("{}.{}".format(self_type.__module__, self_type.__name__))
+
+                else:
+                    code = frm.f_code
+                    if code.co_name in ("wrapper", "<module>"):
+                        continue
+
+                    ret.append("{}".format(code.co_name))
+
+                depth -= 1
+                if not depth:
+                    break
+
+        return "\n".join(ret)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_exception(cls, pe):
+        """
+        internal factory method to simplify creating one type of ParseException
+        from another - avoids having __init__ signature conflicts among subclasses
+        """
+        return cls(pe.pstr, pe.loc, pe.msg, pe.parserElement)
+
+    @property
+    def line(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the line of text where the exception occurred.
+        """
+        return line(self.loc, self.pstr)
+
+    @property
+    def lineno(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Return the 1-based line number of text where the exception occurred.
+        """
+        return lineno(self.loc, self.pstr)
+
+    @property
+    def col(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Return the 1-based column on the line of text where the exception occurred.
+        """
+        return col(self.loc, self.pstr)
+
+    @property
+    def column(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Return the 1-based column on the line of text where the exception occurred.
+        """
+        return col(self.loc, self.pstr)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self.pstr:
+            if self.loc >= len(self.pstr):
+                foundstr = ", found end of text"
+            else:
+                # pull out next word at error location
+                found_match = _exception_word_extractor.match(self.pstr, self.loc)
+                if found_match is not None:
+                    found = found_match.group(0)
+                else:
+                    found = self.pstr[self.loc : self.loc + 1]
+                foundstr = (", found %r" % found).replace(r"\\", "\\")
+        else:
+            foundstr = ""
+        return "{}{}  (at char {}), (line:{}, col:{})".format(
+            self.msg, foundstr, self.loc, self.lineno, self.column
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(self)
+
+    def mark_input_line(self, marker_string: str = None, *, markerString=">!<") -> str:
+        """
+        Extracts the exception line from the input string, and marks
+        the location of the exception with a special symbol.
+        """
+        markerString = marker_string if marker_string is not None else markerString
+        line_str = self.line
+        line_column = self.column - 1
+        if markerString:
+            line_str = "".join(
+                (line_str[:line_column], markerString, line_str[line_column:])
+            )
+        return line_str.strip()
+
+    def explain(self, depth=16) -> str:
+        """
+        Method to translate the Python internal traceback into a list
+        of the pyparsing expressions that caused the exception to be raised.
+
+        Parameters:
+
+        - depth (default=16) - number of levels back in the stack trace to list expression
+          and function names; if None, the full stack trace names will be listed; if 0, only
+          the failing input line, marker, and exception string will be shown
+
+        Returns a multi-line string listing the ParserElements and/or function names in the
+        exception's stack trace.
+
+        Example::
+
+            expr = pp.Word(pp.nums) * 3
+            try:
+                expr.parse_string("123 456 A789")
+            except pp.ParseException as pe:
+                print(pe.explain(depth=0))
+
+        prints::
+
+            123 456 A789
+                    ^
+            ParseException: Expected W:(0-9), found 'A'  (at char 8), (line:1, col:9)
+
+        Note: the diagnostic output will include string representations of the expressions
+        that failed to parse. These representations will be more helpful if you use `set_name` to
+        give identifiable names to your expressions. Otherwise they will use the default string
+        forms, which may be cryptic to read.
+
+        Note: pyparsing's default truncation of exception tracebacks may also truncate the
+        stack of expressions that are displayed in the ``explain`` output. To get the full listing
+        of parser expressions, you may have to set ``ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace = True``
+        """
+        return self.explain_exception(self, depth)
+
+    markInputline = mark_input_line
+
+
+class ParseException(ParseBaseException):
+    """
+    Exception thrown when a parse expression doesn't match the input string
+
+    Example::
+
+        try:
+            Word(nums).set_name("integer").parse_string("ABC")
+        except ParseException as pe:
+            print(pe)
+            print("column: {}".format(pe.column))
+
+    prints::
+
+       Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        column: 1
+
+    """
+
+
+class ParseFatalException(ParseBaseException):
+    """
+    User-throwable exception thrown when inconsistent parse content
+    is found; stops all parsing immediately
+    """
+
+
+class ParseSyntaxException(ParseFatalException):
+    """
+    Just like :class:`ParseFatalException`, but thrown internally
+    when an :class:`ErrorStop<And._ErrorStop>` ('-' operator) indicates
+    that parsing is to stop immediately because an unbacktrackable
+    syntax error has been found.
+    """
+
+
+class RecursiveGrammarException(Exception):
+    """
+    Exception thrown by :class:`ParserElement.validate` if the
+    grammar could be left-recursive; parser may need to enable
+    left recursion using :class:`ParserElement.enable_left_recursion<ParserElement.enable_left_recursion>`
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, parseElementList):
+        self.parseElementTrace = parseElementList
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "RecursiveGrammarException: {}".format(self.parseElementTrace)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/helpers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e7b3ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1069 @@
+# helpers.py
+import html.entities
+import re
+
+from . import __diag__
+from .core import *
+from .util import _bslash, _flatten, _escape_regex_range_chars
+
+
+#
+# global helpers
+#
+def delimited_list(
+    expr: Union[str, ParserElement],
+    delim: Union[str, ParserElement] = ",",
+    combine: bool = False,
+    min: OptionalType[int] = None,
+    max: OptionalType[int] = None,
+    *,
+    allow_trailing_delim: bool = False,
+) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper to define a delimited list of expressions - the delimiter
+    defaults to ','. By default, the list elements and delimiters can
+    have intervening whitespace, and comments, but this can be
+    overridden by passing ``combine=True`` in the constructor. If
+    ``combine`` is set to ``True``, the matching tokens are
+    returned as a single token string, with the delimiters included;
+    otherwise, the matching tokens are returned as a list of tokens,
+    with the delimiters suppressed.
+
+    If ``allow_trailing_delim`` is set to True, then the list may end with
+    a delimiter.
+
+    Example::
+
+        delimited_list(Word(alphas)).parse_string("aa,bb,cc") # -> ['aa', 'bb', 'cc']
+        delimited_list(Word(hexnums), delim=':', combine=True).parse_string("AA:BB:CC:DD:EE") # -> ['AA:BB:CC:DD:EE']
+    """
+    if isinstance(expr, str_type):
+        expr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(expr)
+
+    dlName = "{expr} [{delim} {expr}]...{end}".format(
+        expr=str(expr.copy().streamline()),
+        delim=str(delim),
+        end=" [{}]".format(str(delim)) if allow_trailing_delim else "",
+    )
+
+    if not combine:
+        delim = Suppress(delim)
+
+    if min is not None:
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError("min must be greater than 0")
+        min -= 1
+    if max is not None:
+        if min is not None and max <= min:
+            raise ValueError("max must be greater than, or equal to min")
+        max -= 1
+    delimited_list_expr = expr + (delim + expr)[min, max]
+
+    if allow_trailing_delim:
+        delimited_list_expr += Opt(delim)
+
+    if combine:
+        return Combine(delimited_list_expr).set_name(dlName)
+    else:
+        return delimited_list_expr.set_name(dlName)
+
+
+def counted_array(
+    expr: ParserElement,
+    int_expr: OptionalType[ParserElement] = None,
+    *,
+    intExpr: OptionalType[ParserElement] = None,
+) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper to define a counted list of expressions.
+
+    This helper defines a pattern of the form::
+
+        integer expr expr expr...
+
+    where the leading integer tells how many expr expressions follow.
+    The matched tokens returns the array of expr tokens as a list - the
+    leading count token is suppressed.
+
+    If ``int_expr`` is specified, it should be a pyparsing expression
+    that produces an integer value.
+
+    Example::
+
+        counted_array(Word(alphas)).parse_string('2 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+
+        # in this parser, the leading integer value is given in binary,
+        # '10' indicating that 2 values are in the array
+        binary_constant = Word('01').set_parse_action(lambda t: int(t[0], 2))
+        counted_array(Word(alphas), int_expr=binary_constant).parse_string('10 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+
+        # if other fields must be parsed after the count but before the
+        # list items, give the fields results names and they will
+        # be preserved in the returned ParseResults:
+        count_with_metadata = integer + Word(alphas)("type")
+        typed_array = counted_array(Word(alphanums), int_expr=count_with_metadata)("items")
+        result = typed_array.parse_string("3 bool True True False")
+        print(result.dump())
+
+        # prints
+        # ['True', 'True', 'False']
+        # - items: ['True', 'True', 'False']
+        # - type: 'bool'
+    """
+    intExpr = intExpr or int_expr
+    array_expr = Forward()
+
+    def count_field_parse_action(s, l, t):
+        nonlocal array_expr
+        n = t[0]
+        array_expr <<= (expr * n) if n else Empty()
+        # clear list contents, but keep any named results
+        del t[:]
+
+    if intExpr is None:
+        intExpr = Word(nums).set_parse_action(lambda t: int(t[0]))
+    else:
+        intExpr = intExpr.copy()
+    intExpr.set_name("arrayLen")
+    intExpr.add_parse_action(count_field_parse_action, call_during_try=True)
+    return (intExpr + array_expr).set_name("(len) " + str(expr) + "...")
+
+
+def match_previous_literal(expr: ParserElement) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks for
+    a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = match_previous_literal(first)
+        match_expr = first + ":" + second
+
+    will match ``"1:1"``, but not ``"1:2"``.  Because this
+    matches a previous literal, will also match the leading
+    ``"1:1"`` in ``"1:10"``. If this is not desired, use
+    :class:`match_previous_expr`. Do *not* use with packrat parsing
+    enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+
+    def copy_token_to_repeater(s, l, t):
+        if t:
+            if len(t) == 1:
+                rep << t[0]
+            else:
+                # flatten t tokens
+                tflat = _flatten(t.as_list())
+                rep << And(Literal(tt) for tt in tflat)
+        else:
+            rep << Empty()
+
+    expr.add_parse_action(copy_token_to_repeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.set_name("(prev) " + str(expr))
+    return rep
+
+
+def match_previous_expr(expr: ParserElement) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks for
+    a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = match_previous_expr(first)
+        match_expr = first + ":" + second
+
+    will match ``"1:1"``, but not ``"1:2"``.  Because this
+    matches by expressions, will *not* match the leading ``"1:1"``
+    in ``"1:10"``; the expressions are evaluated first, and then
+    compared, so ``"1"`` is compared with ``"10"``. Do *not* use
+    with packrat parsing enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+    e2 = expr.copy()
+    rep <<= e2
+
+    def copy_token_to_repeater(s, l, t):
+        matchTokens = _flatten(t.as_list())
+
+        def must_match_these_tokens(s, l, t):
+            theseTokens = _flatten(t.as_list())
+            if theseTokens != matchTokens:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, "Expected {}, found{}".format(matchTokens, theseTokens))
+
+        rep.set_parse_action(must_match_these_tokens, callDuringTry=True)
+
+    expr.add_parse_action(copy_token_to_repeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.set_name("(prev) " + str(expr))
+    return rep
+
+
+def one_of(
+    strs: Union[IterableType[str], str],
+    caseless: bool = False,
+    use_regex: bool = True,
+    as_keyword: bool = False,
+    *,
+    useRegex: bool = True,
+    asKeyword: bool = False,
+) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper to quickly define a set of alternative :class:`Literal` s,
+    and makes sure to do longest-first testing when there is a conflict,
+    regardless of the input order, but returns
+    a :class:`MatchFirst` for best performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+
+    - ``strs`` - a string of space-delimited literals, or a collection of
+      string literals
+    - ``caseless`` - treat all literals as caseless - (default= ``False``)
+    - ``use_regex`` - as an optimization, will
+      generate a :class:`Regex` object; otherwise, will generate
+      a :class:`MatchFirst` object (if ``caseless=True`` or ``asKeyword=True``, or if
+      creating a :class:`Regex` raises an exception) - (default= ``True``)
+    - ``as_keyword`` - enforce :class:`Keyword`-style matching on the
+      generated expressions - (default= ``False``)
+    - ``asKeyword`` and ``useRegex`` are retained for pre-PEP8 compatibility,
+      but will be removed in a future release
+
+    Example::
+
+        comp_oper = one_of("< = > <= >= !=")
+        var = Word(alphas)
+        number = Word(nums)
+        term = var | number
+        comparison_expr = term + comp_oper + term
+        print(comparison_expr.search_string("B = 12  AA=23 B<=AA AA>12"))
+
+    prints::
+
+        [['B', '=', '12'], ['AA', '=', '23'], ['B', '<=', 'AA'], ['AA', '>', '12']]
+    """
+    asKeyword = asKeyword or as_keyword
+    useRegex = useRegex and use_regex
+
+    if (
+        isinstance(caseless, str_type)
+        and __diag__.warn_on_multiple_string_args_to_oneof
+    ):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "More than one string argument passed to one_of, pass"
+            " choices as a list or space-delimited string",
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+    if caseless:
+        isequal = lambda a, b: a.upper() == b.upper()
+        masks = lambda a, b: b.upper().startswith(a.upper())
+        parseElementClass = CaselessKeyword if asKeyword else CaselessLiteral
+    else:
+        isequal = lambda a, b: a == b
+        masks = lambda a, b: b.startswith(a)
+        parseElementClass = Keyword if asKeyword else Literal
+
+    symbols: List[str] = []
+    if isinstance(strs, str_type):
+        symbols = strs.split()
+    elif isinstance(strs, Iterable):
+        symbols = list(strs)
+    else:
+        raise TypeError("Invalid argument to one_of, expected string or iterable")
+    if not symbols:
+        return NoMatch()
+
+    # reorder given symbols to take care to avoid masking longer choices with shorter ones
+    # (but only if the given symbols are not just single characters)
+    if any(len(sym) > 1 for sym in symbols):
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(symbols) - 1:
+            cur = symbols[i]
+            for j, other in enumerate(symbols[i + 1 :]):
+                if isequal(other, cur):
+                    del symbols[i + j + 1]
+                    break
+                elif masks(cur, other):
+                    del symbols[i + j + 1]
+                    symbols.insert(i, other)
+                    break
+            else:
+                i += 1
+
+    if useRegex:
+        re_flags: int = re.IGNORECASE if caseless else 0
+
+        try:
+            if all(len(sym) == 1 for sym in symbols):
+                # symbols are just single characters, create range regex pattern
+                patt = "[{}]".format(
+                    "".join(_escape_regex_range_chars(sym) for sym in symbols)
+                )
+            else:
+                patt = "|".join(re.escape(sym) for sym in symbols)
+
+            # wrap with \b word break markers if defining as keywords
+            if asKeyword:
+                patt = r"\b(?:{})\b".format(patt)
+
+            ret = Regex(patt, flags=re_flags).set_name(" | ".join(symbols))
+
+            if caseless:
+                # add parse action to return symbols as specified, not in random
+                # casing as found in input string
+                symbol_map = {sym.lower(): sym for sym in symbols}
+                ret.add_parse_action(lambda s, l, t: symbol_map[t[0].lower()])
+
+            return ret
+
+        except sre_constants.error:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Exception creating Regex for one_of, building MatchFirst", stacklevel=2
+            )
+
+    # last resort, just use MatchFirst
+    return MatchFirst(parseElementClass(sym) for sym in symbols).set_name(
+        " | ".join(symbols)
+    )
+
+
+def dict_of(key: ParserElement, value: ParserElement) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper to easily and clearly define a dictionary by specifying
+    the respective patterns for the key and value.  Takes care of
+    defining the :class:`Dict`, :class:`ZeroOrMore`, and
+    :class:`Group` tokens in the proper order.  The key pattern
+    can include delimiting markers or punctuation, as long as they are
+    suppressed, thereby leaving the significant key text.  The value
+    pattern can include named results, so that the :class:`Dict` results
+    can include named token fields.
+
+    Example::
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stop_on=label).set_parse_action(' '.join))
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parse_string(text).dump())
+
+        attr_label = label
+        attr_value = Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stop_on=label).set_parse_action(' '.join)
+
+        # similar to Dict, but simpler call format
+        result = dict_of(attr_label, attr_value).parse_string(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+        print(result['shape'])
+        print(result.shape)  # object attribute access works too
+        print(result.as_dict())
+
+    prints::
+
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'shape': 'SQUARE', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap'}
+    """
+    return Dict(OneOrMore(Group(key + value)))
+
+
+def original_text_for(
+    expr: ParserElement, as_string: bool = True, *, asString: bool = True
+) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper to return the original, untokenized text for a given
+    expression.  Useful to restore the parsed fields of an HTML start
+    tag into the raw tag text itself, or to revert separate tokens with
+    intervening whitespace back to the original matching input text. By
+    default, returns astring containing the original parsed text.
+
+    If the optional ``as_string`` argument is passed as
+    ``False``, then the return value is
+    a :class:`ParseResults` containing any results names that
+    were originally matched, and a single token containing the original
+    matched text from the input string.  So if the expression passed to
+    :class:`original_text_for` contains expressions with defined
+    results names, you must set ``as_string`` to ``False`` if you
+    want to preserve those results name values.
+
+    The ``asString`` pre-PEP8 argument is retained for compatibility,
+    but will be removed in a future release.
+
+    Example::
+
+        src = "this is test <b> bold <i>text</i> </b> normal text "
+        for tag in ("b", "i"):
+            opener, closer = make_html_tags(tag)
+            patt = original_text_for(opener + SkipTo(closer) + closer)
+            print(patt.search_string(src)[0])
+
+    prints::
+
+        ['<b> bold <i>text</i> </b>']
+        ['<i>text</i>']
+    """
+    asString = asString and as_string
+
+    locMarker = Empty().set_parse_action(lambda s, loc, t: loc)
+    endlocMarker = locMarker.copy()
+    endlocMarker.callPreparse = False
+    matchExpr = locMarker("_original_start") + expr + endlocMarker("_original_end")
+    if asString:
+        extractText = lambda s, l, t: s[t._original_start : t._original_end]
+    else:
+
+        def extractText(s, l, t):
+            t[:] = [s[t.pop("_original_start") : t.pop("_original_end")]]
+
+    matchExpr.set_parse_action(extractText)
+    matchExpr.ignoreExprs = expr.ignoreExprs
+    matchExpr.suppress_warning(Diagnostics.warn_ungrouped_named_tokens_in_collection)
+    return matchExpr
+
+
+def ungroup(expr: ParserElement) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper to undo pyparsing's default grouping of And expressions,
+    even if all but one are non-empty.
+    """
+    return TokenConverter(expr).add_parse_action(lambda t: t[0])
+
+
+def locatedExpr(expr: ParserElement) -> ParserElement:
+    """
+    (DEPRECATED - future code should use the Located class)
+    Helper to decorate a returned token with its starting and ending
+    locations in the input string.
+
+    This helper adds the following results names:
+
+    - ``locn_start`` - location where matched expression begins
+    - ``locn_end`` - location where matched expression ends
+    - ``value`` - the actual parsed results
+
+    Be careful if the input text contains ``<TAB>`` characters, you
+    may want to call :class:`ParserElement.parseWithTabs`
+
+    Example::
+
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        for match in locatedExpr(wd).searchString("ljsdf123lksdjjf123lkkjj1222"):
+            print(match)
+
+    prints::
+
+        [[0, 'ljsdf', 5]]
+        [[8, 'lksdjjf', 15]]
+        [[18, 'lkkjj', 23]]
+    """
+    locator = Empty().set_parse_action(lambda ss, ll, tt: ll)
+    return Group(
+        locator("locn_start")
+        + expr("value")
+        + locator.copy().leaveWhitespace()("locn_end")
+    )
+
+
+def nested_expr(
+    opener: Union[str, ParserElement] = "(",
+    closer: Union[str, ParserElement] = ")",
+    content: OptionalType[ParserElement] = None,
+    ignore_expr: ParserElement = quoted_string(),
+    *,
+    ignoreExpr: ParserElement = quoted_string(),
+) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper method for defining nested lists enclosed in opening and
+    closing delimiters (``"("`` and ``")"`` are the default).
+
+    Parameters:
+    - ``opener`` - opening character for a nested list
+      (default= ``"("``); can also be a pyparsing expression
+    - ``closer`` - closing character for a nested list
+      (default= ``")"``); can also be a pyparsing expression
+    - ``content`` - expression for items within the nested lists
+      (default= ``None``)
+    - ``ignore_expr`` - expression for ignoring opening and closing delimiters
+      (default= :class:`quoted_string`)
+    - ``ignoreExpr`` - this pre-PEP8 argument is retained for compatibility
+      but will be removed in a future release
+
+    If an expression is not provided for the content argument, the
+    nested expression will capture all whitespace-delimited content
+    between delimiters as a list of separate values.
+
+    Use the ``ignore_expr`` argument to define expressions that may
+    contain opening or closing characters that should not be treated as
+    opening or closing characters for nesting, such as quoted_string or
+    a comment expression.  Specify multiple expressions using an
+    :class:`Or` or :class:`MatchFirst`. The default is
+    :class:`quoted_string`, but if no expressions are to be ignored, then
+    pass ``None`` for this argument.
+
+    Example::
+
+        data_type = one_of("void int short long char float double")
+        decl_data_type = Combine(data_type + Opt(Word('*')))
+        ident = Word(alphas+'_', alphanums+'_')
+        number = pyparsing_common.number
+        arg = Group(decl_data_type + ident)
+        LPAR, RPAR = map(Suppress, "()")
+
+        code_body = nested_expr('{', '}', ignore_expr=(quoted_string | c_style_comment))
+
+        c_function = (decl_data_type("type")
+                      + ident("name")
+                      + LPAR + Opt(delimited_list(arg), [])("args") + RPAR
+                      + code_body("body"))
+        c_function.ignore(c_style_comment)
+
+        source_code = '''
+            int is_odd(int x) {
+                return (x%2);
+            }
+
+            int dec_to_hex(char hchar) {
+                if (hchar >= '0' && hchar <= '9') {
+                    return (ord(hchar)-ord('0'));
+                } else {
+                    return (10+ord(hchar)-ord('A'));
+                }
+            }
+        '''
+        for func in c_function.search_string(source_code):
+            print("%(name)s (%(type)s) args: %(args)s" % func)
+
+
+    prints::
+
+        is_odd (int) args: [['int', 'x']]
+        dec_to_hex (int) args: [['char', 'hchar']]
+    """
+    if ignoreExpr != ignore_expr:
+        ignoreExpr = ignore_expr if ignoreExpr == quoted_string() else ignoreExpr
+    if opener == closer:
+        raise ValueError("opening and closing strings cannot be the same")
+    if content is None:
+        if isinstance(opener, str_type) and isinstance(closer, str_type):
+            if len(opener) == 1 and len(closer) == 1:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = Combine(
+                        OneOrMore(
+                            ~ignoreExpr
+                            + CharsNotIn(
+                                opener + closer + ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,
+                                exact=1,
+                            )
+                        )
+                    ).set_parse_action(lambda t: t[0].strip())
+                else:
+                    content = empty.copy() + CharsNotIn(
+                        opener + closer + ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+                    ).set_parse_action(lambda t: t[0].strip())
+            else:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = Combine(
+                        OneOrMore(
+                            ~ignoreExpr
+                            + ~Literal(opener)
+                            + ~Literal(closer)
+                            + CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS, exact=1)
+                        )
+                    ).set_parse_action(lambda t: t[0].strip())
+                else:
+                    content = Combine(
+                        OneOrMore(
+                            ~Literal(opener)
+                            + ~Literal(closer)
+                            + CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS, exact=1)
+                        )
+                    ).set_parse_action(lambda t: t[0].strip())
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "opening and closing arguments must be strings if no content expression is given"
+            )
+    ret = Forward()
+    if ignoreExpr is not None:
+        ret <<= Group(
+            Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore(ignoreExpr | ret | content) + Suppress(closer)
+        )
+    else:
+        ret <<= Group(Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore(ret | content) + Suppress(closer))
+    ret.set_name("nested %s%s expression" % (opener, closer))
+    return ret
+
+
+def _makeTags(tagStr, xml, suppress_LT=Suppress("<"), suppress_GT=Suppress(">")):
+    """Internal helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions, given a tag name"""
+    if isinstance(tagStr, str_type):
+        resname = tagStr
+        tagStr = Keyword(tagStr, caseless=not xml)
+    else:
+        resname = tagStr.name
+
+    tagAttrName = Word(alphas, alphanums + "_-:")
+    if xml:
+        tagAttrValue = dbl_quoted_string.copy().set_parse_action(remove_quotes)
+        openTag = (
+            suppress_LT
+            + tagStr("tag")
+            + Dict(ZeroOrMore(Group(tagAttrName + Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue)))
+            + Opt("/", default=[False])("empty").set_parse_action(
+                lambda s, l, t: t[0] == "/"
+            )
+            + suppress_GT
+        )
+    else:
+        tagAttrValue = quoted_string.copy().set_parse_action(remove_quotes) | Word(
+            printables, exclude_chars=">"
+        )
+        openTag = (
+            suppress_LT
+            + tagStr("tag")
+            + Dict(
+                ZeroOrMore(
+                    Group(
+                        tagAttrName.set_parse_action(lambda t: t[0].lower())
+                        + Opt(Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue)
+                    )
+                )
+            )
+            + Opt("/", default=[False])("empty").set_parse_action(
+                lambda s, l, t: t[0] == "/"
+            )
+            + suppress_GT
+        )
+    closeTag = Combine(Literal("</") + tagStr + ">", adjacent=False)
+
+    openTag.set_name("<%s>" % resname)
+    # add start<tagname> results name in parse action now that ungrouped names are not reported at two levels
+    openTag.add_parse_action(
+        lambda t: t.__setitem__(
+            "start" + "".join(resname.replace(":", " ").title().split()), t.copy()
+        )
+    )
+    closeTag = closeTag(
+        "end" + "".join(resname.replace(":", " ").title().split())
+    ).set_name("</%s>" % resname)
+    openTag.tag = resname
+    closeTag.tag = resname
+    openTag.tag_body = SkipTo(closeTag())
+    return openTag, closeTag
+
+
+def make_html_tags(
+    tag_str: Union[str, ParserElement]
+) -> Tuple[ParserElement, ParserElement]:
+    """Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for HTML,
+    given a tag name. Matches tags in either upper or lower case,
+    attributes with namespaces and with quoted or unquoted values.
+
+    Example::
+
+        text = '<td>More info at the <a href="https://github.com/pyparsing/pyparsing/wiki">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+        # make_html_tags returns pyparsing expressions for the opening and
+        # closing tags as a 2-tuple
+        a, a_end = make_html_tags("A")
+        link_expr = a + SkipTo(a_end)("link_text") + a_end
+
+        for link in link_expr.search_string(text):
+            # attributes in the <A> tag (like "href" shown here) are
+            # also accessible as named results
+            print(link.link_text, '->', link.href)
+
+    prints::
+
+        pyparsing -> https://github.com/pyparsing/pyparsing/wiki
+    """
+    return _makeTags(tag_str, False)
+
+
+def make_xml_tags(
+    tag_str: Union[str, ParserElement]
+) -> Tuple[ParserElement, ParserElement]:
+    """Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for XML,
+    given a tag name. Matches tags only in the given upper/lower case.
+
+    Example: similar to :class:`make_html_tags`
+    """
+    return _makeTags(tag_str, True)
+
+
+any_open_tag, any_close_tag = make_html_tags(
+    Word(alphas, alphanums + "_:").set_name("any tag")
+)
+
+_htmlEntityMap = {k.rstrip(";"): v for k, v in html.entities.html5.items()}
+common_html_entity = Regex("&(?P<entity>" + "|".join(_htmlEntityMap) + ");").set_name(
+    "common HTML entity"
+)
+
+
+def replace_html_entity(t):
+    """Helper parser action to replace common HTML entities with their special characters"""
+    return _htmlEntityMap.get(t.entity)
+
+
+class OpAssoc(Enum):
+    LEFT = 1
+    RIGHT = 2
+
+
+InfixNotationOperatorArgType = Union[
+    ParserElement, str, Tuple[Union[ParserElement, str], Union[ParserElement, str]]
+]
+InfixNotationOperatorSpec = Union[
+    Tuple[
+        InfixNotationOperatorArgType,
+        int,
+        OpAssoc,
+        OptionalType[ParseAction],
+    ],
+    Tuple[
+        InfixNotationOperatorArgType,
+        int,
+        OpAssoc,
+    ],
+]
+
+
+def infix_notation(
+    base_expr: ParserElement,
+    op_list: List[InfixNotationOperatorSpec],
+    lpar: Union[str, ParserElement] = Suppress("("),
+    rpar: Union[str, ParserElement] = Suppress(")"),
+) -> ParserElement:
+    """Helper method for constructing grammars of expressions made up of
+    operators working in a precedence hierarchy.  Operators may be unary
+    or binary, left- or right-associative.  Parse actions can also be
+    attached to operator expressions. The generated parser will also
+    recognize the use of parentheses to override operator precedences
+    (see example below).
+
+    Note: if you define a deep operator list, you may see performance
+    issues when using infix_notation. See
+    :class:`ParserElement.enable_packrat` for a mechanism to potentially
+    improve your parser performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+    - ``base_expr`` - expression representing the most basic operand to
+      be used in the expression
+    - ``op_list`` - list of tuples, one for each operator precedence level
+      in the expression grammar; each tuple is of the form ``(op_expr,
+      num_operands, right_left_assoc, (optional)parse_action)``, where:
+
+      - ``op_expr`` is the pyparsing expression for the operator; may also
+        be a string, which will be converted to a Literal; if ``num_operands``
+        is 3, ``op_expr`` is a tuple of two expressions, for the two
+        operators separating the 3 terms
+      - ``num_operands`` is the number of terms for this operator (must be 1,
+        2, or 3)
+      - ``right_left_assoc`` is the indicator whether the operator is right
+        or left associative, using the pyparsing-defined constants
+        ``OpAssoc.RIGHT`` and ``OpAssoc.LEFT``.
+      - ``parse_action`` is the parse action to be associated with
+        expressions matching this operator expression (the parse action
+        tuple member may be omitted); if the parse action is passed
+        a tuple or list of functions, this is equivalent to calling
+        ``set_parse_action(*fn)``
+        (:class:`ParserElement.set_parse_action`)
+    - ``lpar`` - expression for matching left-parentheses
+      (default= ``Suppress('(')``)
+    - ``rpar`` - expression for matching right-parentheses
+      (default= ``Suppress(')')``)
+
+    Example::
+
+        # simple example of four-function arithmetic with ints and
+        # variable names
+        integer = pyparsing_common.signed_integer
+        varname = pyparsing_common.identifier
+
+        arith_expr = infix_notation(integer | varname,
+            [
+            ('-', 1, OpAssoc.RIGHT),
+            (one_of('* /'), 2, OpAssoc.LEFT),
+            (one_of('+ -'), 2, OpAssoc.LEFT),
+            ])
+
+        arith_expr.run_tests('''
+            5+3*6
+            (5+3)*6
+            -2--11
+            ''', full_dump=False)
+
+    prints::
+
+        5+3*6
+        [[5, '+', [3, '*', 6]]]
+
+        (5+3)*6
+        [[[5, '+', 3], '*', 6]]
+
+        -2--11
+        [[['-', 2], '-', ['-', 11]]]
+    """
+    # captive version of FollowedBy that does not do parse actions or capture results names
+    class _FB(FollowedBy):
+        def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True):
+            self.expr.try_parse(instring, loc)
+            return loc, []
+
+    _FB.__name__ = "FollowedBy>"
+
+    ret = Forward()
+    lpar = Suppress(lpar)
+    rpar = Suppress(rpar)
+    lastExpr = base_expr | (lpar + ret + rpar)
+    for i, operDef in enumerate(op_list):
+        opExpr, arity, rightLeftAssoc, pa = (operDef + (None,))[:4]
+        if isinstance(opExpr, str_type):
+            opExpr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(opExpr)
+        if arity == 3:
+            if not isinstance(opExpr, (tuple, list)) or len(opExpr) != 2:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "if numterms=3, opExpr must be a tuple or list of two expressions"
+                )
+            opExpr1, opExpr2 = opExpr
+            term_name = "{}{} term".format(opExpr1, opExpr2)
+        else:
+            term_name = "{} term".format(opExpr)
+
+        if not 1 <= arity <= 3:
+            raise ValueError("operator must be unary (1), binary (2), or ternary (3)")
+
+        if rightLeftAssoc not in (OpAssoc.LEFT, OpAssoc.RIGHT):
+            raise ValueError("operator must indicate right or left associativity")
+
+        thisExpr = Forward().set_name(term_name)
+        if rightLeftAssoc is OpAssoc.LEFT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                matchExpr = _FB(lastExpr + opExpr) + Group(lastExpr + opExpr[1, ...])
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = _FB(lastExpr + opExpr + lastExpr) + Group(
+                        lastExpr + (opExpr + lastExpr)[1, ...]
+                    )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = _FB(lastExpr + lastExpr) + Group(lastExpr[2, ...])
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = _FB(
+                    lastExpr + opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr
+                ) + Group(lastExpr + OneOrMore(opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr))
+        elif rightLeftAssoc is OpAssoc.RIGHT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                # try to avoid LR with this extra test
+                if not isinstance(opExpr, Opt):
+                    opExpr = Opt(opExpr)
+                matchExpr = _FB(opExpr.expr + thisExpr) + Group(opExpr + thisExpr)
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = _FB(lastExpr + opExpr + thisExpr) + Group(
+                        lastExpr + (opExpr + thisExpr)[1, ...]
+                    )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = _FB(lastExpr + thisExpr) + Group(
+                        lastExpr + thisExpr[1, ...]
+                    )
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = _FB(
+                    lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr
+                ) + Group(lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr)
+        if pa:
+            if isinstance(pa, (tuple, list)):
+                matchExpr.set_parse_action(*pa)
+            else:
+                matchExpr.set_parse_action(pa)
+        thisExpr <<= (matchExpr | lastExpr).setName(term_name)
+        lastExpr = thisExpr
+    ret <<= lastExpr
+    return ret
+
+
+def indentedBlock(blockStatementExpr, indentStack, indent=True, backup_stacks=[]):
+    """
+    (DEPRECATED - use IndentedBlock class instead)
+    Helper method for defining space-delimited indentation blocks,
+    such as those used to define block statements in Python source code.
+
+    Parameters:
+
+    - ``blockStatementExpr`` - expression defining syntax of statement that
+      is repeated within the indented block
+    - ``indentStack`` - list created by caller to manage indentation stack
+      (multiple ``statementWithIndentedBlock`` expressions within a single
+      grammar should share a common ``indentStack``)
+    - ``indent`` - boolean indicating whether block must be indented beyond
+      the current level; set to ``False`` for block of left-most statements
+      (default= ``True``)
+
+    A valid block must contain at least one ``blockStatement``.
+
+    (Note that indentedBlock uses internal parse actions which make it
+    incompatible with packrat parsing.)
+
+    Example::
+
+        data = '''
+        def A(z):
+          A1
+          B = 100
+          G = A2
+          A2
+          A3
+        B
+        def BB(a,b,c):
+          BB1
+          def BBA():
+            bba1
+            bba2
+            bba3
+        C
+        D
+        def spam(x,y):
+             def eggs(z):
+                 pass
+        '''
+
+
+        indentStack = [1]
+        stmt = Forward()
+
+        identifier = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+        funcDecl = ("def" + identifier + Group("(" + Opt(delimitedList(identifier)) + ")") + ":")
+        func_body = indentedBlock(stmt, indentStack)
+        funcDef = Group(funcDecl + func_body)
+
+        rvalue = Forward()
+        funcCall = Group(identifier + "(" + Opt(delimitedList(rvalue)) + ")")
+        rvalue << (funcCall | identifier | Word(nums))
+        assignment = Group(identifier + "=" + rvalue)
+        stmt << (funcDef | assignment | identifier)
+
+        module_body = OneOrMore(stmt)
+
+        parseTree = module_body.parseString(data)
+        parseTree.pprint()
+
+    prints::
+
+        [['def',
+          'A',
+          ['(', 'z', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['A1'], [['B', '=', '100']], [['G', '=', 'A2']], ['A2'], ['A3']]],
+         'B',
+         ['def',
+          'BB',
+          ['(', 'a', 'b', 'c', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['BB1'], [['def', 'BBA', ['(', ')'], ':', [['bba1'], ['bba2'], ['bba3']]]]]],
+         'C',
+         'D',
+         ['def',
+          'spam',
+          ['(', 'x', 'y', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [[['def', 'eggs', ['(', 'z', ')'], ':', [['pass']]]]]]]
+    """
+    backup_stacks.append(indentStack[:])
+
+    def reset_stack():
+        indentStack[:] = backup_stacks[-1]
+
+    def checkPeerIndent(s, l, t):
+        if l >= len(s):
+            return
+        curCol = col(l, s)
+        if curCol != indentStack[-1]:
+            if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, "illegal nesting")
+            raise ParseException(s, l, "not a peer entry")
+
+    def checkSubIndent(s, l, t):
+        curCol = col(l, s)
+        if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+            indentStack.append(curCol)
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(s, l, "not a subentry")
+
+    def checkUnindent(s, l, t):
+        if l >= len(s):
+            return
+        curCol = col(l, s)
+        if not (indentStack and curCol in indentStack):
+            raise ParseException(s, l, "not an unindent")
+        if curCol < indentStack[-1]:
+            indentStack.pop()
+
+    NL = OneOrMore(LineEnd().set_whitespace_chars("\t ").suppress())
+    INDENT = (Empty() + Empty().set_parse_action(checkSubIndent)).set_name("INDENT")
+    PEER = Empty().set_parse_action(checkPeerIndent).set_name("")
+    UNDENT = Empty().set_parse_action(checkUnindent).set_name("UNINDENT")
+    if indent:
+        smExpr = Group(
+            Opt(NL)
+            + INDENT
+            + OneOrMore(PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Opt(NL))
+            + UNDENT
+        )
+    else:
+        smExpr = Group(
+            Opt(NL)
+            + OneOrMore(PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Opt(NL))
+            + Opt(UNDENT)
+        )
+
+    # add a parse action to remove backup_stack from list of backups
+    smExpr.add_parse_action(
+        lambda: backup_stacks.pop(-1) and None if backup_stacks else None
+    )
+    smExpr.set_fail_action(lambda a, b, c, d: reset_stack())
+    blockStatementExpr.ignore(_bslash + LineEnd())
+    return smExpr.set_name("indented block")
+
+
+# it's easy to get these comment structures wrong - they're very common, so may as well make them available
+c_style_comment = Combine(Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + "*/").set_name(
+    "C style comment"
+)
+"Comment of the form ``/* ... */``"
+
+html_comment = Regex(r"<!--[\s\S]*?-->").set_name("HTML comment")
+"Comment of the form ``<!-- ... -->``"
+
+rest_of_line = Regex(r".*").leave_whitespace().set_name("rest of line")
+dbl_slash_comment = Regex(r"//(?:\\\n|[^\n])*").set_name("// comment")
+"Comment of the form ``// ... (to end of line)``"
+
+cpp_style_comment = Combine(
+    Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + "*/" | dbl_slash_comment
+).set_name("C++ style comment")
+"Comment of either form :class:`c_style_comment` or :class:`dbl_slash_comment`"
+
+java_style_comment = cpp_style_comment
+"Same as :class:`cpp_style_comment`"
+
+python_style_comment = Regex(r"#.*").set_name("Python style comment")
+"Comment of the form ``# ... (to end of line)``"
+
+
+# build list of built-in expressions, for future reference if a global default value
+# gets updated
+_builtin_exprs = [v for v in vars().values() if isinstance(v, ParserElement)]
+
+
+# pre-PEP8 compatible names
+delimitedList = delimited_list
+countedArray = counted_array
+matchPreviousLiteral = match_previous_literal
+matchPreviousExpr = match_previous_expr
+oneOf = one_of
+dictOf = dict_of
+originalTextFor = original_text_for
+nestedExpr = nested_expr
+makeHTMLTags = make_html_tags
+makeXMLTags = make_xml_tags
+anyOpenTag, anyCloseTag = any_open_tag, any_close_tag
+commonHTMLEntity = common_html_entity
+replaceHTMLEntity = replace_html_entity
+opAssoc = OpAssoc
+infixNotation = infix_notation
+cStyleComment = c_style_comment
+htmlComment = html_comment
+restOfLine = rest_of_line
+dblSlashComment = dbl_slash_comment
+cppStyleComment = cpp_style_comment
+javaStyleComment = java_style_comment
+pythonStyleComment = python_style_comment
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/results.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/results.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9676f45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/results.py
@@ -0,0 +1,760 @@
+# results.py
+from collections.abc import MutableMapping, Mapping, MutableSequence, Iterator
+import pprint
+from weakref import ref as wkref
+from typing import Tuple, Any
+
+str_type: Tuple[type, ...] = (str, bytes)
+_generator_type = type((_ for _ in ()))
+
+
+class _ParseResultsWithOffset:
+    __slots__ = ["tup"]
+
+    def __init__(self, p1, p2):
+        self.tup = (p1, p2)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, i):
+        return self.tup[i]
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return self.tup
+
+    def __setstate__(self, *args):
+        self.tup = args[0]
+
+
+class ParseResults:
+    """Structured parse results, to provide multiple means of access to
+    the parsed data:
+
+    - as a list (``len(results)``)
+    - by list index (``results[0], results[1]``, etc.)
+    - by attribute (``results.<results_name>`` - see :class:`ParserElement.set_results_name`)
+
+    Example::
+
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        date_str = (integer.set_results_name("year") + '/'
+                    + integer.set_results_name("month") + '/'
+                    + integer.set_results_name("day"))
+        # equivalent form:
+        # date_str = (integer("year") + '/'
+        #             + integer("month") + '/'
+        #             + integer("day"))
+
+        # parse_string returns a ParseResults object
+        result = date_str.parse_string("1999/12/31")
+
+        def test(s, fn=repr):
+            print("{} -> {}".format(s, fn(eval(s))))
+        test("list(result)")
+        test("result[0]")
+        test("result['month']")
+        test("result.day")
+        test("'month' in result")
+        test("'minutes' in result")
+        test("result.dump()", str)
+
+    prints::
+
+        list(result) -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        result[0] -> '1999'
+        result['month'] -> '12'
+        result.day -> '31'
+        'month' in result -> True
+        'minutes' in result -> False
+        result.dump() -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        - day: 31
+        - month: 12
+        - year: 1999
+    """
+
+    _null_values: Tuple[Any, ...] = (None, [], "", ())
+
+    __slots__ = [
+        "_name",
+        "_parent",
+        "_all_names",
+        "_modal",
+        "_toklist",
+        "_tokdict",
+        "__weakref__",
+    ]
+
+    class List(list):
+        """
+        Simple wrapper class to distinguish parsed list results that should be preserved
+        as actual Python lists, instead of being converted to :class:`ParseResults`:
+
+            LBRACK, RBRACK = map(pp.Suppress, "[]")
+            element = pp.Forward()
+            item = ppc.integer
+            element_list = LBRACK + pp.delimited_list(element) + RBRACK
+
+            # add parse actions to convert from ParseResults to actual Python collection types
+            def as_python_list(t):
+                return pp.ParseResults.List(t.as_list())
+            element_list.add_parse_action(as_python_list)
+
+            element <<= item | element_list
+
+            element.run_tests('''
+                100
+                [2,3,4]
+                [[2, 1],3,4]
+                [(2, 1),3,4]
+                (2,3,4)
+                ''', post_parse=lambda s, r: (r[0], type(r[0])))
+
+        prints:
+
+            100
+            (100, <class 'int'>)
+
+            [2,3,4]
+            ([2, 3, 4], <class 'list'>)
+
+            [[2, 1],3,4]
+            ([[2, 1], 3, 4], <class 'list'>)
+
+        (Used internally by :class:`Group` when `aslist=True`.)
+        """
+
+        def __new__(cls, contained=None):
+            if contained is None:
+                contained = []
+
+            if not isinstance(contained, list):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "{} may only be constructed with a list,"
+                    " not {}".format(cls.__name__, type(contained).__name__)
+                )
+
+            return list.__new__(cls)
+
+    def __new__(cls, toklist=None, name=None, **kwargs):
+        if isinstance(toklist, ParseResults):
+            return toklist
+        self = object.__new__(cls)
+        self._name = None
+        self._parent = None
+        self._all_names = set()
+
+        if toklist is None:
+            self._toklist = []
+        elif isinstance(toklist, (list, _generator_type)):
+            self._toklist = (
+                [toklist[:]]
+                if isinstance(toklist, ParseResults.List)
+                else list(toklist)
+            )
+        else:
+            self._toklist = [toklist]
+        self._tokdict = dict()
+        return self
+
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__(
+        self, toklist=None, name=None, asList=True, modal=True, isinstance=isinstance
+    ):
+        self._modal = modal
+        if name is not None and name != "":
+            if isinstance(name, int):
+                name = str(name)
+            if not modal:
+                self._all_names = {name}
+            self._name = name
+            if toklist not in self._null_values:
+                if isinstance(toklist, (str_type, type)):
+                    toklist = [toklist]
+                if asList:
+                    if isinstance(toklist, ParseResults):
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(
+                            ParseResults(toklist._toklist), 0
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(
+                            ParseResults(toklist[0]), 0
+                        )
+                    self[name]._name = name
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        self[name] = toklist[0]
+                    except (KeyError, TypeError, IndexError):
+                        if toklist is not self:
+                            self[name] = toklist
+                        else:
+                            self._name = name
+
+    def __getitem__(self, i):
+        if isinstance(i, (int, slice)):
+            return self._toklist[i]
+        else:
+            if i not in self._all_names:
+                return self._tokdict[i][-1][0]
+            else:
+                return ParseResults([v[0] for v in self._tokdict[i]])
+
+    def __setitem__(self, k, v, isinstance=isinstance):
+        if isinstance(v, _ParseResultsWithOffset):
+            self._tokdict[k] = self._tokdict.get(k, list()) + [v]
+            sub = v[0]
+        elif isinstance(k, (int, slice)):
+            self._toklist[k] = v
+            sub = v
+        else:
+            self._tokdict[k] = self._tokdict.get(k, list()) + [
+                _ParseResultsWithOffset(v, 0)
+            ]
+            sub = v
+        if isinstance(sub, ParseResults):
+            sub._parent = wkref(self)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, i):
+        if isinstance(i, (int, slice)):
+            mylen = len(self._toklist)
+            del self._toklist[i]
+
+            # convert int to slice
+            if isinstance(i, int):
+                if i < 0:
+                    i += mylen
+                i = slice(i, i + 1)
+            # get removed indices
+            removed = list(range(*i.indices(mylen)))
+            removed.reverse()
+            # fixup indices in token dictionary
+            for name, occurrences in self._tokdict.items():
+                for j in removed:
+                    for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                        occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(
+                            value, position - (position > j)
+                        )
+        else:
+            del self._tokdict[i]
+
+    def __contains__(self, k) -> bool:
+        return k in self._tokdict
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._toklist)
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return not not (self._toklist or self._tokdict)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator:
+        return iter(self._toklist)
+
+    def __reversed__(self) -> Iterator:
+        return iter(self._toklist[::-1])
+
+    def keys(self):
+        return iter(self._tokdict)
+
+    def values(self):
+        return (self[k] for k in self.keys())
+
+    def items(self):
+        return ((k, self[k]) for k in self.keys())
+
+    def haskeys(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Since ``keys()`` returns an iterator, this method is helpful in bypassing
+        code that looks for the existence of any defined results names."""
+        return bool(self._tokdict)
+
+    def pop(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Removes and returns item at specified index (default= ``last``).
+        Supports both ``list`` and ``dict`` semantics for ``pop()``. If
+        passed no argument or an integer argument, it will use ``list``
+        semantics and pop tokens from the list of parsed tokens. If passed
+        a non-integer argument (most likely a string), it will use ``dict``
+        semantics and pop the corresponding value from any defined results
+        names. A second default return value argument is supported, just as in
+        ``dict.pop()``.
+
+        Example::
+
+            numlist = Word(nums)[...]
+            print(numlist.parse_string("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+
+            def remove_first(tokens):
+                tokens.pop(0)
+            numlist.add_parse_action(remove_first)
+            print(numlist.parse_string("0 123 321")) # -> ['123', '321']
+
+            label = Word(alphas)
+            patt = label("LABEL") + OneOrMore(Word(nums))
+            print(patt.parse_string("AAB 123 321").dump())
+
+            # Use pop() in a parse action to remove named result (note that corresponding value is not
+            # removed from list form of results)
+            def remove_LABEL(tokens):
+                tokens.pop("LABEL")
+                return tokens
+            patt.add_parse_action(remove_LABEL)
+            print(patt.parse_string("AAB 123 321").dump())
+
+        prints::
+
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+            - LABEL: AAB
+
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+        """
+        if not args:
+            args = [-1]
+        for k, v in kwargs.items():
+            if k == "default":
+                args = (args[0], v)
+            else:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "pop() got an unexpected keyword argument {!r}".format(k)
+                )
+        if isinstance(args[0], int) or len(args) == 1 or args[0] in self:
+            index = args[0]
+            ret = self[index]
+            del self[index]
+            return ret
+        else:
+            defaultvalue = args[1]
+            return defaultvalue
+
+    def get(self, key, default_value=None):
+        """
+        Returns named result matching the given key, or if there is no
+        such name, then returns the given ``default_value`` or ``None`` if no
+        ``default_value`` is specified.
+
+        Similar to ``dict.get()``.
+
+        Example::
+
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+
+            result = date_str.parse_string("1999/12/31")
+            print(result.get("year")) # -> '1999'
+            print(result.get("hour", "not specified")) # -> 'not specified'
+            print(result.get("hour")) # -> None
+        """
+        if key in self:
+            return self[key]
+        else:
+            return default_value
+
+    def insert(self, index, ins_string):
+        """
+        Inserts new element at location index in the list of parsed tokens.
+
+        Similar to ``list.insert()``.
+
+        Example::
+
+            numlist = Word(nums)[...]
+            print(numlist.parse_string("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+
+            # use a parse action to insert the parse location in the front of the parsed results
+            def insert_locn(locn, tokens):
+                tokens.insert(0, locn)
+            numlist.add_parse_action(insert_locn)
+            print(numlist.parse_string("0 123 321")) # -> [0, '0', '123', '321']
+        """
+        self._toklist.insert(index, ins_string)
+        # fixup indices in token dictionary
+        for name, occurrences in self._tokdict.items():
+            for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(
+                    value, position + (position > index)
+                )
+
+    def append(self, item):
+        """
+        Add single element to end of ``ParseResults`` list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+
+            numlist = Word(nums)[...]
+            print(numlist.parse_string("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+
+            # use a parse action to compute the sum of the parsed integers, and add it to the end
+            def append_sum(tokens):
+                tokens.append(sum(map(int, tokens)))
+            numlist.add_parse_action(append_sum)
+            print(numlist.parse_string("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321', 444]
+        """
+        self._toklist.append(item)
+
+    def extend(self, itemseq):
+        """
+        Add sequence of elements to end of ``ParseResults`` list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+
+            # use a parse action to append the reverse of the matched strings, to make a palindrome
+            def make_palindrome(tokens):
+                tokens.extend(reversed([t[::-1] for t in tokens]))
+                return ''.join(tokens)
+            patt.add_parse_action(make_palindrome)
+            print(patt.parse_string("lskdj sdlkjf lksd")) # -> 'lskdjsdlkjflksddsklfjkldsjdksl'
+        """
+        if isinstance(itemseq, ParseResults):
+            self.__iadd__(itemseq)
+        else:
+            self._toklist.extend(itemseq)
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """
+        Clear all elements and results names.
+        """
+        del self._toklist[:]
+        self._tokdict.clear()
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        try:
+            return self[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            if name.startswith("__"):
+                raise AttributeError(name)
+            return ""
+
+    def __add__(self, other) -> "ParseResults":
+        ret = self.copy()
+        ret += other
+        return ret
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other) -> "ParseResults":
+        if other._tokdict:
+            offset = len(self._toklist)
+            addoffset = lambda a: offset if a < 0 else a + offset
+            otheritems = other._tokdict.items()
+            otherdictitems = [
+                (k, _ParseResultsWithOffset(v[0], addoffset(v[1])))
+                for k, vlist in otheritems
+                for v in vlist
+            ]
+            for k, v in otherdictitems:
+                self[k] = v
+                if isinstance(v[0], ParseResults):
+                    v[0]._parent = wkref(self)
+
+        self._toklist += other._toklist
+        self._all_names |= other._all_names
+        return self
+
+    def __radd__(self, other) -> "ParseResults":
+        if isinstance(other, int) and other == 0:
+            # useful for merging many ParseResults using sum() builtin
+            return self.copy()
+        else:
+            # this may raise a TypeError - so be it
+            return other + self
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "{}({!r}, {})".format(type(self).__name__, self._toklist, self.as_dict())
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            "["
+            + ", ".join(
+                [
+                    str(i) if isinstance(i, ParseResults) else repr(i)
+                    for i in self._toklist
+                ]
+            )
+            + "]"
+        )
+
+    def _asStringList(self, sep=""):
+        out = []
+        for item in self._toklist:
+            if out and sep:
+                out.append(sep)
+            if isinstance(item, ParseResults):
+                out += item._asStringList()
+            else:
+                out.append(str(item))
+        return out
+
+    def as_list(self) -> list:
+        """
+        Returns the parse results as a nested list of matching tokens, all converted to strings.
+
+        Example::
+
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            result = patt.parse_string("sldkj lsdkj sldkj")
+            # even though the result prints in string-like form, it is actually a pyparsing ParseResults
+            print(type(result), result) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+
+            # Use as_list() to create an actual list
+            result_list = result.as_list()
+            print(type(result_list), result_list) # -> <class 'list'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+        """
+        return [
+            res.as_list() if isinstance(res, ParseResults) else res
+            for res in self._toklist
+        ]
+
+    def as_dict(self) -> dict:
+        """
+        Returns the named parse results as a nested dictionary.
+
+        Example::
+
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+
+            result = date_str.parse_string('12/31/1999')
+            print(type(result), repr(result)) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> (['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999'], {'day': [('1999', 4)], 'year': [('12', 0)], 'month': [('31', 2)]})
+
+            result_dict = result.as_dict()
+            print(type(result_dict), repr(result_dict)) # -> <class 'dict'> {'day': '1999', 'year': '12', 'month': '31'}
+
+            # even though a ParseResults supports dict-like access, sometime you just need to have a dict
+            import json
+            print(json.dumps(result)) # -> Exception: TypeError: ... is not JSON serializable
+            print(json.dumps(result.as_dict())) # -> {"month": "31", "day": "1999", "year": "12"}
+        """
+
+        def to_item(obj):
+            if isinstance(obj, ParseResults):
+                return obj.as_dict() if obj.haskeys() else [to_item(v) for v in obj]
+            else:
+                return obj
+
+        return dict((k, to_item(v)) for k, v in self.items())
+
+    def copy(self) -> "ParseResults":
+        """
+        Returns a new copy of a :class:`ParseResults` object.
+        """
+        ret = ParseResults(self._toklist)
+        ret._tokdict = self._tokdict.copy()
+        ret._parent = self._parent
+        ret._all_names |= self._all_names
+        ret._name = self._name
+        return ret
+
+    def get_name(self):
+        r"""
+        Returns the results name for this token expression. Useful when several
+        different expressions might match at a particular location.
+
+        Example::
+
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            ssn_expr = Regex(r"\d\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d")
+            house_number_expr = Suppress('#') + Word(nums, alphanums)
+            user_data = (Group(house_number_expr)("house_number")
+                        | Group(ssn_expr)("ssn")
+                        | Group(integer)("age"))
+            user_info = OneOrMore(user_data)
+
+            result = user_info.parse_string("22 111-22-3333 #221B")
+            for item in result:
+                print(item.get_name(), ':', item[0])
+
+        prints::
+
+            age : 22
+            ssn : 111-22-3333
+            house_number : 221B
+        """
+        if self._name:
+            return self._name
+        elif self._parent:
+            par = self._parent()
+
+            def find_in_parent(sub):
+                return next(
+                    (
+                        k
+                        for k, vlist in par._tokdict.items()
+                        for v, loc in vlist
+                        if sub is v
+                    ),
+                    None,
+                )
+
+            return find_in_parent(self) if par else None
+        elif (
+            len(self) == 1
+            and len(self._tokdict) == 1
+            and next(iter(self._tokdict.values()))[0][1] in (0, -1)
+        ):
+            return next(iter(self._tokdict.keys()))
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def dump(self, indent="", full=True, include_list=True, _depth=0) -> str:
+        """
+        Diagnostic method for listing out the contents of
+        a :class:`ParseResults`. Accepts an optional ``indent`` argument so
+        that this string can be embedded in a nested display of other data.
+
+        Example::
+
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+
+            result = date_str.parse_string('12/31/1999')
+            print(result.dump())
+
+        prints::
+
+            ['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999']
+            - day: 1999
+            - month: 31
+            - year: 12
+        """
+        out = []
+        NL = "\n"
+        out.append(indent + str(self.as_list()) if include_list else "")
+
+        if full:
+            if self.haskeys():
+                items = sorted((str(k), v) for k, v in self.items())
+                for k, v in items:
+                    if out:
+                        out.append(NL)
+                    out.append("{}{}- {}: ".format(indent, ("  " * _depth), k))
+                    if isinstance(v, ParseResults):
+                        if v:
+                            out.append(
+                                v.dump(
+                                    indent=indent,
+                                    full=full,
+                                    include_list=include_list,
+                                    _depth=_depth + 1,
+                                )
+                            )
+                        else:
+                            out.append(str(v))
+                    else:
+                        out.append(repr(v))
+            if any(isinstance(vv, ParseResults) for vv in self):
+                v = self
+                for i, vv in enumerate(v):
+                    if isinstance(vv, ParseResults):
+                        out.append(
+                            "\n{}{}[{}]:\n{}{}{}".format(
+                                indent,
+                                ("  " * (_depth)),
+                                i,
+                                indent,
+                                ("  " * (_depth + 1)),
+                                vv.dump(
+                                    indent=indent,
+                                    full=full,
+                                    include_list=include_list,
+                                    _depth=_depth + 1,
+                                ),
+                            )
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        out.append(
+                            "\n%s%s[%d]:\n%s%s%s"
+                            % (
+                                indent,
+                                ("  " * (_depth)),
+                                i,
+                                indent,
+                                ("  " * (_depth + 1)),
+                                str(vv),
+                            )
+                        )
+
+        return "".join(out)
+
+    def pprint(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Pretty-printer for parsed results as a list, using the
+        `pprint <https://docs.python.org/3/library/pprint.html>`_ module.
+        Accepts additional positional or keyword args as defined for
+        `pprint.pprint <https://docs.python.org/3/library/pprint.html#pprint.pprint>`_ .
+
+        Example::
+
+            ident = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+            num = Word(nums)
+            func = Forward()
+            term = ident | num | Group('(' + func + ')')
+            func <<= ident + Group(Optional(delimited_list(term)))
+            result = func.parse_string("fna a,b,(fnb c,d,200),100")
+            result.pprint(width=40)
+
+        prints::
+
+            ['fna',
+             ['a',
+              'b',
+              ['(', 'fnb', ['c', 'd', '200'], ')'],
+              '100']]
+        """
+        pprint.pprint(self.as_list(), *args, **kwargs)
+
+    # add support for pickle protocol
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return (
+            self._toklist,
+            (
+                self._tokdict.copy(),
+                self._parent is not None and self._parent() or None,
+                self._all_names,
+                self._name,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        self._toklist, (self._tokdict, par, inAccumNames, self._name) = state
+        self._all_names = set(inAccumNames)
+        if par is not None:
+            self._parent = wkref(par)
+        else:
+            self._parent = None
+
+    def __getnewargs__(self):
+        return self._toklist, self._name
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return dir(type(self)) + list(self.keys())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, other, name=None) -> "ParseResults":
+        """
+        Helper classmethod to construct a ``ParseResults`` from a ``dict``, preserving the
+        name-value relations as results names. If an optional ``name`` argument is
+        given, a nested ``ParseResults`` will be returned.
+        """
+
+        def is_iterable(obj):
+            try:
+                iter(obj)
+            except Exception:
+                return False
+            else:
+                return not isinstance(obj, str_type)
+
+        ret = cls([])
+        for k, v in other.items():
+            if isinstance(v, Mapping):
+                ret += cls.from_dict(v, name=k)
+            else:
+                ret += cls([v], name=k, asList=is_iterable(v))
+        if name is not None:
+            ret = cls([ret], name=name)
+        return ret
+
+    asList = as_list
+    asDict = as_dict
+    getName = get_name
+
+
+MutableMapping.register(ParseResults)
+MutableSequence.register(ParseResults)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/testing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/testing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..991972f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/testing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+# testing.py
+
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from typing import Optional
+
+from .core import (
+    ParserElement,
+    ParseException,
+    Keyword,
+    __diag__,
+    __compat__,
+)
+
+
+class pyparsing_test:
+    """
+    namespace class for classes useful in writing unit tests
+    """
+
+    class reset_pyparsing_context:
+        """
+        Context manager to be used when writing unit tests that modify pyparsing config values:
+        - packrat parsing
+        - bounded recursion parsing
+        - default whitespace characters.
+        - default keyword characters
+        - literal string auto-conversion class
+        - __diag__ settings
+
+        Example::
+
+            with reset_pyparsing_context():
+                # test that literals used to construct a grammar are automatically suppressed
+                ParserElement.inlineLiteralsUsing(Suppress)
+
+                term = Word(alphas) | Word(nums)
+                group = Group('(' + term[...] + ')')
+
+                # assert that the '()' characters are not included in the parsed tokens
+                self.assertParseAndCheckList(group, "(abc 123 def)", ['abc', '123', 'def'])
+
+            # after exiting context manager, literals are converted to Literal expressions again
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self):
+            self._save_context = {}
+
+        def save(self):
+            self._save_context["default_whitespace"] = ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+            self._save_context["default_keyword_chars"] = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+
+            self._save_context[
+                "literal_string_class"
+            ] = ParserElement._literalStringClass
+
+            self._save_context["verbose_stacktrace"] = ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace
+
+            self._save_context["packrat_enabled"] = ParserElement._packratEnabled
+            if ParserElement._packratEnabled:
+                self._save_context[
+                    "packrat_cache_size"
+                ] = ParserElement.packrat_cache.size
+            else:
+                self._save_context["packrat_cache_size"] = None
+            self._save_context["packrat_parse"] = ParserElement._parse
+            self._save_context[
+                "recursion_enabled"
+            ] = ParserElement._left_recursion_enabled
+
+            self._save_context["__diag__"] = {
+                name: getattr(__diag__, name) for name in __diag__._all_names
+            }
+
+            self._save_context["__compat__"] = {
+                "collect_all_And_tokens": __compat__.collect_all_And_tokens
+            }
+
+            return self
+
+        def restore(self):
+            # reset pyparsing global state
+            if (
+                ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+                != self._save_context["default_whitespace"]
+            ):
+                ParserElement.set_default_whitespace_chars(
+                    self._save_context["default_whitespace"]
+                )
+
+            ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace = self._save_context["verbose_stacktrace"]
+
+            Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = self._save_context["default_keyword_chars"]
+            ParserElement.inlineLiteralsUsing(
+                self._save_context["literal_string_class"]
+            )
+
+            for name, value in self._save_context["__diag__"].items():
+                (__diag__.enable if value else __diag__.disable)(name)
+
+            ParserElement._packratEnabled = False
+            if self._save_context["packrat_enabled"]:
+                ParserElement.enable_packrat(self._save_context["packrat_cache_size"])
+            else:
+                ParserElement._parse = self._save_context["packrat_parse"]
+            ParserElement._left_recursion_enabled = self._save_context[
+                "recursion_enabled"
+            ]
+
+            __compat__.collect_all_And_tokens = self._save_context["__compat__"]
+
+            return self
+
+        def copy(self):
+            ret = type(self)()
+            ret._save_context.update(self._save_context)
+            return ret
+
+        def __enter__(self):
+            return self.save()
+
+        def __exit__(self, *args):
+            self.restore()
+
+    class TestParseResultsAsserts:
+        """
+        A mixin class to add parse results assertion methods to normal unittest.TestCase classes.
+        """
+
+        def assertParseResultsEquals(
+            self, result, expected_list=None, expected_dict=None, msg=None
+        ):
+            """
+            Unit test assertion to compare a :class:`ParseResults` object with an optional ``expected_list``,
+            and compare any defined results names with an optional ``expected_dict``.
+            """
+            if expected_list is not None:
+                self.assertEqual(expected_list, result.as_list(), msg=msg)
+            if expected_dict is not None:
+                self.assertEqual(expected_dict, result.as_dict(), msg=msg)
+
+        def assertParseAndCheckList(
+            self, expr, test_string, expected_list, msg=None, verbose=True
+        ):
+            """
+            Convenience wrapper assert to test a parser element and input string, and assert that
+            the resulting ``ParseResults.asList()`` is equal to the ``expected_list``.
+            """
+            result = expr.parse_string(test_string, parse_all=True)
+            if verbose:
+                print(result.dump())
+            else:
+                print(result.as_list())
+            self.assertParseResultsEquals(result, expected_list=expected_list, msg=msg)
+
+        def assertParseAndCheckDict(
+            self, expr, test_string, expected_dict, msg=None, verbose=True
+        ):
+            """
+            Convenience wrapper assert to test a parser element and input string, and assert that
+            the resulting ``ParseResults.asDict()`` is equal to the ``expected_dict``.
+            """
+            result = expr.parse_string(test_string, parseAll=True)
+            if verbose:
+                print(result.dump())
+            else:
+                print(result.as_list())
+            self.assertParseResultsEquals(result, expected_dict=expected_dict, msg=msg)
+
+        def assertRunTestResults(
+            self, run_tests_report, expected_parse_results=None, msg=None
+        ):
+            """
+            Unit test assertion to evaluate output of ``ParserElement.runTests()``. If a list of
+            list-dict tuples is given as the ``expected_parse_results`` argument, then these are zipped
+            with the report tuples returned by ``runTests`` and evaluated using ``assertParseResultsEquals``.
+            Finally, asserts that the overall ``runTests()`` success value is ``True``.
+
+            :param run_tests_report: tuple(bool, [tuple(str, ParseResults or Exception)]) returned from runTests
+            :param expected_parse_results (optional): [tuple(str, list, dict, Exception)]
+            """
+            run_test_success, run_test_results = run_tests_report
+
+            if expected_parse_results is not None:
+                merged = [
+                    (*rpt, expected)
+                    for rpt, expected in zip(run_test_results, expected_parse_results)
+                ]
+                for test_string, result, expected in merged:
+                    # expected should be a tuple containing a list and/or a dict or an exception,
+                    # and optional failure message string
+                    # an empty tuple will skip any result validation
+                    fail_msg = next(
+                        (exp for exp in expected if isinstance(exp, str)), None
+                    )
+                    expected_exception = next(
+                        (
+                            exp
+                            for exp in expected
+                            if isinstance(exp, type) and issubclass(exp, Exception)
+                        ),
+                        None,
+                    )
+                    if expected_exception is not None:
+                        with self.assertRaises(
+                            expected_exception=expected_exception, msg=fail_msg or msg
+                        ):
+                            if isinstance(result, Exception):
+                                raise result
+                    else:
+                        expected_list = next(
+                            (exp for exp in expected if isinstance(exp, list)), None
+                        )
+                        expected_dict = next(
+                            (exp for exp in expected if isinstance(exp, dict)), None
+                        )
+                        if (expected_list, expected_dict) != (None, None):
+                            self.assertParseResultsEquals(
+                                result,
+                                expected_list=expected_list,
+                                expected_dict=expected_dict,
+                                msg=fail_msg or msg,
+                            )
+                        else:
+                            # warning here maybe?
+                            print("no validation for {!r}".format(test_string))
+
+            # do this last, in case some specific test results can be reported instead
+            self.assertTrue(
+                run_test_success, msg=msg if msg is not None else "failed runTests"
+            )
+
+        @contextmanager
+        def assertRaisesParseException(self, exc_type=ParseException, msg=None):
+            with self.assertRaises(exc_type, msg=msg):
+                yield
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def with_line_numbers(
+        s: str,
+        start_line: Optional[int] = None,
+        end_line: Optional[int] = None,
+        expand_tabs: bool = True,
+        eol_mark: str = "|",
+        mark_spaces: Optional[str] = None,
+        mark_control: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Helpful method for debugging a parser - prints a string with line and column numbers.
+        (Line and column numbers are 1-based.)
+
+        :param s: tuple(bool, str - string to be printed with line and column numbers
+        :param start_line: int - (optional) starting line number in s to print (default=1)
+        :param end_line: int - (optional) ending line number in s to print (default=len(s))
+        :param expand_tabs: bool - (optional) expand tabs to spaces, to match the pyparsing default
+        :param eol_mark: str - (optional) string to mark the end of lines, helps visualize trailing spaces (default="|")
+        :param mark_spaces: str - (optional) special character to display in place of spaces
+        :param mark_control: str - (optional) convert non-printing control characters to a placeholding
+                                 character; valid values:
+                                 - "unicode" - replaces control chars with Unicode symbols, such as "␍" and "␊"
+                                 - any single character string - replace control characters with given string
+                                 - None (default) - string is displayed as-is
+
+        :return: str - input string with leading line numbers and column number headers
+        """
+        if expand_tabs:
+            s = s.expandtabs()
+        if mark_control is not None:
+            if mark_control == "unicode":
+                tbl = str.maketrans(
+                    {c: u for c, u in zip(range(0, 33), range(0x2400, 0x2433))}
+                    | {127: 0x2421}
+                )
+                eol_mark = ""
+            else:
+                tbl = str.maketrans(
+                    {c: mark_control for c in list(range(0, 32)) + [127]}
+                )
+            s = s.translate(tbl)
+        if mark_spaces is not None and mark_spaces != " ":
+            if mark_spaces == "unicode":
+                tbl = str.maketrans({9: 0x2409, 32: 0x2423})
+                s = s.translate(tbl)
+            else:
+                s = s.replace(" ", mark_spaces)
+        if start_line is None:
+            start_line = 1
+        if end_line is None:
+            end_line = len(s)
+        end_line = min(end_line, len(s))
+        start_line = min(max(1, start_line), end_line)
+
+        if mark_control != "unicode":
+            s_lines = s.splitlines()[start_line - 1 : end_line]
+        else:
+            s_lines = [line + "␊" for line in s.split("␊")[start_line - 1 : end_line]]
+        if not s_lines:
+            return ""
+
+        lineno_width = len(str(end_line))
+        max_line_len = max(len(line) for line in s_lines)
+        lead = " " * (lineno_width + 1)
+        if max_line_len >= 99:
+            header0 = (
+                lead
+                + "".join(
+                    "{}{}".format(" " * 99, (i + 1) % 100)
+                    for i in range(max(max_line_len // 100, 1))
+                )
+                + "\n"
+            )
+        else:
+            header0 = ""
+        header1 = (
+            header0
+            + lead
+            + "".join(
+                "         {}".format((i + 1) % 10)
+                for i in range(-(-max_line_len // 10))
+            )
+            + "\n"
+        )
+        header2 = lead + "1234567890" * (-(-max_line_len // 10)) + "\n"
+        return (
+            header1
+            + header2
+            + "\n".join(
+                "{:{}d}:{}{}".format(i, lineno_width, line, eol_mark)
+                for i, line in enumerate(s_lines, start=start_line)
+            )
+            + "\n"
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/unicode.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/unicode.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9226148
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/unicode.py
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+# unicode.py
+
+import sys
+from itertools import filterfalse
+from typing import List, Tuple, Union
+
+
+class _lazyclassproperty:
+    def __init__(self, fn):
+        self.fn = fn
+        self.__doc__ = fn.__doc__
+        self.__name__ = fn.__name__
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, cls):
+        if cls is None:
+            cls = type(obj)
+        if not hasattr(cls, "_intern") or any(
+            cls._intern is getattr(superclass, "_intern", [])
+            for superclass in cls.__mro__[1:]
+        ):
+            cls._intern = {}
+        attrname = self.fn.__name__
+        if attrname not in cls._intern:
+            cls._intern[attrname] = self.fn(cls)
+        return cls._intern[attrname]
+
+
+UnicodeRangeList = List[Union[Tuple[int, int], Tuple[int]]]
+
+
+class unicode_set:
+    """
+    A set of Unicode characters, for language-specific strings for
+    ``alphas``, ``nums``, ``alphanums``, and ``printables``.
+    A unicode_set is defined by a list of ranges in the Unicode character
+    set, in a class attribute ``_ranges``. Ranges can be specified using
+    2-tuples or a 1-tuple, such as::
+
+        _ranges = [
+            (0x0020, 0x007e),
+            (0x00a0, 0x00ff),
+            (0x0100,),
+            ]
+
+    Ranges are left- and right-inclusive. A 1-tuple of (x,) is treated as (x, x).
+
+    A unicode set can also be defined using multiple inheritance of other unicode sets::
+
+        class CJK(Chinese, Japanese, Korean):
+            pass
+    """
+
+    _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = []
+
+    @_lazyclassproperty
+    def _chars_for_ranges(cls):
+        ret = []
+        for cc in cls.__mro__:
+            if cc is unicode_set:
+                break
+            for rr in getattr(cc, "_ranges", ()):
+                ret.extend(range(rr[0], rr[-1] + 1))
+        return [chr(c) for c in sorted(set(ret))]
+
+    @_lazyclassproperty
+    def printables(cls):
+        "all non-whitespace characters in this range"
+        return "".join(filterfalse(str.isspace, cls._chars_for_ranges))
+
+    @_lazyclassproperty
+    def alphas(cls):
+        "all alphabetic characters in this range"
+        return "".join(filter(str.isalpha, cls._chars_for_ranges))
+
+    @_lazyclassproperty
+    def nums(cls):
+        "all numeric digit characters in this range"
+        return "".join(filter(str.isdigit, cls._chars_for_ranges))
+
+    @_lazyclassproperty
+    def alphanums(cls):
+        "all alphanumeric characters in this range"
+        return cls.alphas + cls.nums
+
+    @_lazyclassproperty
+    def identchars(cls):
+        "all characters in this range that are valid identifier characters, plus underscore '_'"
+        return "".join(
+            sorted(
+                set(
+                    "".join(filter(str.isidentifier, cls._chars_for_ranges))
+                    + "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzªµº"
+                    + "ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûüýþÿ"
+                    + "_"
+                )
+            )
+        )
+
+    @_lazyclassproperty
+    def identbodychars(cls):
+        """
+        all characters in this range that are valid identifier body characters,
+        plus the digits 0-9
+        """
+        return "".join(
+            sorted(
+                set(
+                    cls.identchars
+                    + "0123456789"
+                    + "".join(
+                        [c for c in cls._chars_for_ranges if ("_" + c).isidentifier()]
+                    )
+                )
+            )
+        )
+
+
+class pyparsing_unicode(unicode_set):
+    """
+    A namespace class for defining common language unicode_sets.
+    """
+
+    _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [(32, sys.maxunicode)]
+
+    class Latin1(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Latin-1 Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+            (0x0020, 0x007E),
+            (0x00A0, 0x00FF),
+        ]
+
+    class LatinA(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Latin-A Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+            (0x0100, 0x017F),
+        ]
+
+    class LatinB(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Latin-B Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+            (0x0180, 0x024F),
+        ]
+
+    class Greek(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Greek Unicode Character Ranges"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+            (0x0342, 0x0345),
+            (0x0370, 0x0377),
+            (0x037A, 0x037F),
+            (0x0384, 0x038A),
+            (0x038C,),
+            (0x038E, 0x03A1),
+            (0x03A3, 0x03E1),
+            (0x03F0, 0x03FF),
+            (0x1D26, 0x1D2A),
+            (0x1D5E,),
+            (0x1D60,),
+            (0x1D66, 0x1D6A),
+            (0x1F00, 0x1F15),
+            (0x1F18, 0x1F1D),
+            (0x1F20, 0x1F45),
+            (0x1F48, 0x1F4D),
+            (0x1F50, 0x1F57),
+            (0x1F59,),
+            (0x1F5B,),
+            (0x1F5D,),
+            (0x1F5F, 0x1F7D),
+            (0x1F80, 0x1FB4),
+            (0x1FB6, 0x1FC4),
+            (0x1FC6, 0x1FD3),
+            (0x1FD6, 0x1FDB),
+            (0x1FDD, 0x1FEF),
+            (0x1FF2, 0x1FF4),
+            (0x1FF6, 0x1FFE),
+            (0x2129,),
+            (0x2719, 0x271A),
+            (0xAB65,),
+            (0x10140, 0x1018D),
+            (0x101A0,),
+            (0x1D200, 0x1D245),
+            (0x1F7A1, 0x1F7A7),
+        ]
+
+    class Cyrillic(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Cyrillic Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+            (0x0400, 0x052F),
+            (0x1C80, 0x1C88),
+            (0x1D2B,),
+            (0x1D78,),
+            (0x2DE0, 0x2DFF),
+            (0xA640, 0xA672),
+            (0xA674, 0xA69F),
+            (0xFE2E, 0xFE2F),
+        ]
+
+    class Chinese(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Chinese Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+            (0x2E80, 0x2E99),
+            (0x2E9B, 0x2EF3),
+            (0x31C0, 0x31E3),
+            (0x3400, 0x4DB5),
+            (0x4E00, 0x9FEF),
+            (0xA700, 0xA707),
+            (0xF900, 0xFA6D),
+            (0xFA70, 0xFAD9),
+            (0x16FE2, 0x16FE3),
+            (0x1F210, 0x1F212),
+            (0x1F214, 0x1F23B),
+            (0x1F240, 0x1F248),
+            (0x20000, 0x2A6D6),
+            (0x2A700, 0x2B734),
+            (0x2B740, 0x2B81D),
+            (0x2B820, 0x2CEA1),
+            (0x2CEB0, 0x2EBE0),
+            (0x2F800, 0x2FA1D),
+        ]
+
+    class Japanese(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Japanese Unicode Character Range, combining Kanji, Hiragana, and Katakana ranges"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = []
+
+        class Kanji(unicode_set):
+            "Unicode set for Kanji Unicode Character Range"
+            _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+                (0x4E00, 0x9FBF),
+                (0x3000, 0x303F),
+            ]
+
+        class Hiragana(unicode_set):
+            "Unicode set for Hiragana Unicode Character Range"
+            _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+                (0x3041, 0x3096),
+                (0x3099, 0x30A0),
+                (0x30FC,),
+                (0xFF70,),
+                (0x1B001,),
+                (0x1B150, 0x1B152),
+                (0x1F200,),
+            ]
+
+        class Katakana(unicode_set):
+            "Unicode set for Katakana  Unicode Character Range"
+            _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+                (0x3099, 0x309C),
+                (0x30A0, 0x30FF),
+                (0x31F0, 0x31FF),
+                (0x32D0, 0x32FE),
+                (0xFF65, 0xFF9F),
+                (0x1B000,),
+                (0x1B164, 0x1B167),
+                (0x1F201, 0x1F202),
+                (0x1F213,),
+            ]
+
+    class Hangul(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Hangul (Korean) Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+            (0x1100, 0x11FF),
+            (0x302E, 0x302F),
+            (0x3131, 0x318E),
+            (0x3200, 0x321C),
+            (0x3260, 0x327B),
+            (0x327E,),
+            (0xA960, 0xA97C),
+            (0xAC00, 0xD7A3),
+            (0xD7B0, 0xD7C6),
+            (0xD7CB, 0xD7FB),
+            (0xFFA0, 0xFFBE),
+            (0xFFC2, 0xFFC7),
+            (0xFFCA, 0xFFCF),
+            (0xFFD2, 0xFFD7),
+            (0xFFDA, 0xFFDC),
+        ]
+
+    Korean = Hangul
+
+    class CJK(Chinese, Japanese, Hangul):
+        "Unicode set for combined Chinese, Japanese, and Korean (CJK) Unicode Character Range"
+        pass
+
+    class Thai(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Thai Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [(0x0E01, 0x0E3A), (0x0E3F, 0x0E5B)]
+
+    class Arabic(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Arabic Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+            (0x0600, 0x061B),
+            (0x061E, 0x06FF),
+            (0x0700, 0x077F),
+        ]
+
+    class Hebrew(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Hebrew Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [
+            (0x0591, 0x05C7),
+            (0x05D0, 0x05EA),
+            (0x05EF, 0x05F4),
+            (0xFB1D, 0xFB36),
+            (0xFB38, 0xFB3C),
+            (0xFB3E,),
+            (0xFB40, 0xFB41),
+            (0xFB43, 0xFB44),
+            (0xFB46, 0xFB4F),
+        ]
+
+    class Devanagari(unicode_set):
+        "Unicode set for Devanagari Unicode Character Range"
+        _ranges: UnicodeRangeList = [(0x0900, 0x097F), (0xA8E0, 0xA8FF)]
+
+
+pyparsing_unicode.Japanese._ranges = (
+    pyparsing_unicode.Japanese.Kanji._ranges
+    + pyparsing_unicode.Japanese.Hiragana._ranges
+    + pyparsing_unicode.Japanese.Katakana._ranges
+)
+
+# define ranges in language character sets
+pyparsing_unicode.العربية = pyparsing_unicode.Arabic
+pyparsing_unicode.中文 = pyparsing_unicode.Chinese
+pyparsing_unicode.кириллица = pyparsing_unicode.Cyrillic
+pyparsing_unicode.Ελληνικά = pyparsing_unicode.Greek
+pyparsing_unicode.עִברִית = pyparsing_unicode.Hebrew
+pyparsing_unicode.日本語 = pyparsing_unicode.Japanese
+pyparsing_unicode.Japanese.漢字 = pyparsing_unicode.Japanese.Kanji
+pyparsing_unicode.Japanese.カタカナ = pyparsing_unicode.Japanese.Katakana
+pyparsing_unicode.Japanese.ひらがな = pyparsing_unicode.Japanese.Hiragana
+pyparsing_unicode.한국어 = pyparsing_unicode.Korean
+pyparsing_unicode.ไทย = pyparsing_unicode.Thai
+pyparsing_unicode.देवनागरी = pyparsing_unicode.Devanagari
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34ce092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyparsing/util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+# util.py
+import warnings
+import types
+import collections
+import itertools
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import List, Union, Iterable
+
+_bslash = chr(92)
+
+
+class __config_flags:
+    """Internal class for defining compatibility and debugging flags"""
+
+    _all_names: List[str] = []
+    _fixed_names: List[str] = []
+    _type_desc = "configuration"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _set(cls, dname, value):
+        if dname in cls._fixed_names:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "{}.{} {} is {} and cannot be overridden".format(
+                    cls.__name__,
+                    dname,
+                    cls._type_desc,
+                    str(getattr(cls, dname)).upper(),
+                )
+            )
+            return
+        if dname in cls._all_names:
+            setattr(cls, dname, value)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("no such {} {!r}".format(cls._type_desc, dname))
+
+    enable = classmethod(lambda cls, name: cls._set(name, True))
+    disable = classmethod(lambda cls, name: cls._set(name, False))
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=128)
+def col(loc: int, strg: str) -> int:
+    """
+    Returns current column within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+    The first column is number 1.
+
+    Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+    before starting the parsing process.  See
+    :class:`ParserElement.parseString` for more
+    information on parsing strings containing ``<TAB>`` s, and suggested
+    methods to maintain a consistent view of the parsed string, the parse
+    location, and line and column positions within the parsed string.
+    """
+    s = strg
+    return 1 if 0 < loc < len(s) and s[loc - 1] == "\n" else loc - s.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=128)
+def lineno(loc: int, strg: str) -> int:
+    """Returns current line number within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+    The first line is number 1.
+
+    Note - the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+    before starting the parsing process.  See :class:`ParserElement.parseString`
+    for more information on parsing strings containing ``<TAB>`` s, and
+    suggested methods to maintain a consistent view of the parsed string, the
+    parse location, and line and column positions within the parsed string.
+    """
+    return strg.count("\n", 0, loc) + 1
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=128)
+def line(loc: int, strg: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Returns the line of text containing loc within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+    """
+    last_cr = strg.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+    next_cr = strg.find("\n", loc)
+    return strg[last_cr + 1 : next_cr] if next_cr >= 0 else strg[last_cr + 1 :]
+
+
+class _UnboundedCache:
+    def __init__(self):
+        cache = {}
+        cache_get = cache.get
+        self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+        def get(_, key):
+            return cache_get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+        def set_(_, key, value):
+            cache[key] = value
+
+        def clear(_):
+            cache.clear()
+
+        self.size = None
+        self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+        self.set = types.MethodType(set_, self)
+        self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+
+
+class _FifoCache:
+    def __init__(self, size):
+        self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+        cache = collections.OrderedDict()
+        cache_get = cache.get
+
+        def get(_, key):
+            return cache_get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+        def set_(_, key, value):
+            cache[key] = value
+            while len(cache) > size:
+                cache.popitem(last=False)
+
+        def clear(_):
+            cache.clear()
+
+        self.size = size
+        self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+        self.set = types.MethodType(set_, self)
+        self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+
+
+class LRUMemo:
+    """
+    A memoizing mapping that retains `capacity` deleted items
+
+    The memo tracks retained items by their access order; once `capacity` items
+    are retained, the least recently used item is discarded.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, capacity):
+        self._capacity = capacity
+        self._active = {}
+        self._memory = collections.OrderedDict()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        try:
+            return self._active[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            self._memory.move_to_end(key)
+            return self._memory[key]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        self._memory.pop(key, None)
+        self._active[key] = value
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        try:
+            value = self._active.pop(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            while len(self._memory) >= self._capacity:
+                self._memory.popitem(last=False)
+            self._memory[key] = value
+
+    def clear(self):
+        self._active.clear()
+        self._memory.clear()
+
+
+class UnboundedMemo(dict):
+    """
+    A memoizing mapping that retains all deleted items
+    """
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        pass
+
+
+def _escape_regex_range_chars(s: str) -> str:
+    # escape these chars: ^-[]
+    for c in r"\^-[]":
+        s = s.replace(c, _bslash + c)
+    s = s.replace("\n", r"\n")
+    s = s.replace("\t", r"\t")
+    return str(s)
+
+
+def _collapse_string_to_ranges(
+    s: Union[str, Iterable[str]], re_escape: bool = True
+) -> str:
+    def is_consecutive(c):
+        c_int = ord(c)
+        is_consecutive.prev, prev = c_int, is_consecutive.prev
+        if c_int - prev > 1:
+            is_consecutive.value = next(is_consecutive.counter)
+        return is_consecutive.value
+
+    is_consecutive.prev = 0
+    is_consecutive.counter = itertools.count()
+    is_consecutive.value = -1
+
+    def escape_re_range_char(c):
+        return "\\" + c if c in r"\^-][" else c
+
+    def no_escape_re_range_char(c):
+        return c
+
+    if not re_escape:
+        escape_re_range_char = no_escape_re_range_char
+
+    ret = []
+    s = "".join(sorted(set(s)))
+    if len(s) > 3:
+        for _, chars in itertools.groupby(s, key=is_consecutive):
+            first = last = next(chars)
+            last = collections.deque(
+                itertools.chain(iter([last]), chars), maxlen=1
+            ).pop()
+            if first == last:
+                ret.append(escape_re_range_char(first))
+            else:
+                sep = "" if ord(last) == ord(first) + 1 else "-"
+                ret.append(
+                    "{}{}{}".format(
+                        escape_re_range_char(first), sep, escape_re_range_char(last)
+                    )
+                )
+    else:
+        ret = [escape_re_range_char(c) for c in s]
+
+    return "".join(ret)
+
+
+def _flatten(ll: list) -> list:
+    ret = []
+    for i in ll:
+        if isinstance(i, list):
+            ret.extend(_flatten(i))
+        else:
+            ret.append(i)
+    return ret
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75a633b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+#   __
+#  /__)  _  _     _   _ _/   _
+# / (   (- (/ (/ (- _)  /  _)
+#          /
+
+"""
+Requests HTTP Library
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Requests is an HTTP library, written in Python, for human beings.
+Basic GET usage:
+
+   >>> import requests
+   >>> r = requests.get('https://www.python.org')
+   >>> r.status_code
+   200
+   >>> b'Python is a programming language' in r.content
+   True
+
+... or POST:
+
+   >>> payload = dict(key1='value1', key2='value2')
+   >>> r = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', data=payload)
+   >>> print(r.text)
+   {
+     ...
+     "form": {
+       "key1": "value1",
+       "key2": "value2"
+     },
+     ...
+   }
+
+The other HTTP methods are supported - see `requests.api`. Full documentation
+is at <https://requests.readthedocs.io>.
+
+:copyright: (c) 2017 by Kenneth Reitz.
+:license: Apache 2.0, see LICENSE for more details.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor import urllib3
+import warnings
+from .exceptions import RequestsDependencyWarning
+
+charset_normalizer_version = None
+
+try:
+    from pip._vendor.chardet import __version__ as chardet_version
+except ImportError:
+    chardet_version = None
+
+def check_compatibility(urllib3_version, chardet_version, charset_normalizer_version):
+    urllib3_version = urllib3_version.split('.')
+    assert urllib3_version != ['dev']  # Verify urllib3 isn't installed from git.
+
+    # Sometimes, urllib3 only reports its version as 16.1.
+    if len(urllib3_version) == 2:
+        urllib3_version.append('0')
+
+    # Check urllib3 for compatibility.
+    major, minor, patch = urllib3_version  # noqa: F811
+    major, minor, patch = int(major), int(minor), int(patch)
+    # urllib3 >= 1.21.1, <= 1.26
+    assert major == 1
+    assert minor >= 21
+    assert minor <= 26
+
+    # Check charset_normalizer for compatibility.
+    if chardet_version:
+        major, minor, patch = chardet_version.split('.')[:3]
+        major, minor, patch = int(major), int(minor), int(patch)
+        # chardet_version >= 3.0.2, < 5.0.0
+        assert (3, 0, 2) <= (major, minor, patch) < (5, 0, 0)
+    elif charset_normalizer_version:
+        major, minor, patch = charset_normalizer_version.split('.')[:3]
+        major, minor, patch = int(major), int(minor), int(patch)
+        # charset_normalizer >= 2.0.0 < 3.0.0
+        assert (2, 0, 0) <= (major, minor, patch) < (3, 0, 0)
+    else:
+        raise Exception("You need either charset_normalizer or chardet installed")
+
+def _check_cryptography(cryptography_version):
+    # cryptography < 1.3.4
+    try:
+        cryptography_version = list(map(int, cryptography_version.split('.')))
+    except ValueError:
+        return
+
+    if cryptography_version < [1, 3, 4]:
+        warning = 'Old version of cryptography ({}) may cause slowdown.'.format(cryptography_version)
+        warnings.warn(warning, RequestsDependencyWarning)
+
+# Check imported dependencies for compatibility.
+try:
+    check_compatibility(urllib3.__version__, chardet_version, charset_normalizer_version)
+except (AssertionError, ValueError):
+    warnings.warn("urllib3 ({}) or chardet ({})/charset_normalizer ({}) doesn't match a supported "
+                  "version!".format(urllib3.__version__, chardet_version, charset_normalizer_version),
+                  RequestsDependencyWarning)
+
+# Attempt to enable urllib3's fallback for SNI support
+# if the standard library doesn't support SNI or the
+# 'ssl' library isn't available.
+try:
+    # Note: This logic prevents upgrading cryptography on Windows, if imported
+    #       as part of pip.
+    from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+    if not WINDOWS:
+        raise ImportError("pip internals: don't import cryptography on Windows")
+    try:
+        import ssl
+    except ImportError:
+        ssl = None
+
+    if not getattr(ssl, "HAS_SNI", False):
+        from pip._vendor.urllib3.contrib import pyopenssl
+        pyopenssl.inject_into_urllib3()
+
+        # Check cryptography version
+        from cryptography import __version__ as cryptography_version
+        _check_cryptography(cryptography_version)
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+# urllib3's DependencyWarnings should be silenced.
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import DependencyWarning
+warnings.simplefilter('ignore', DependencyWarning)
+
+from .__version__ import __title__, __description__, __url__, __version__
+from .__version__ import __build__, __author__, __author_email__, __license__
+from .__version__ import __copyright__, __cake__
+
+from . import utils
+from . import packages
+from .models import Request, Response, PreparedRequest
+from .api import request, get, head, post, patch, put, delete, options
+from .sessions import session, Session
+from .status_codes import codes
+from .exceptions import (
+    RequestException, Timeout, URLRequired,
+    TooManyRedirects, HTTPError, ConnectionError,
+    FileModeWarning, ConnectTimeout, ReadTimeout, JSONDecodeError
+)
+
+# Set default logging handler to avoid "No handler found" warnings.
+import logging
+from logging import NullHandler
+
+logging.getLogger(__name__).addHandler(NullHandler())
+
+# FileModeWarnings go off per the default.
+warnings.simplefilter('default', FileModeWarning, append=True)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/__version__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/__version__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e973b03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/__version__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# .-. .-. .-. . . .-. .-. .-. .-.
+# |(  |-  |.| | | |-  `-.  |  `-.
+# ' ' `-' `-`.`-' `-' `-'  '  `-'
+
+__title__ = 'requests'
+__description__ = 'Python HTTP for Humans.'
+__url__ = 'https://requests.readthedocs.io'
+__version__ = '2.27.1'
+__build__ = 0x022701
+__author__ = 'Kenneth Reitz'
+__author_email__ = 'me@kennethreitz.org'
+__license__ = 'Apache 2.0'
+__copyright__ = 'Copyright 2022 Kenneth Reitz'
+__cake__ = u'\u2728 \U0001f370 \u2728'
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/_internal_utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/_internal_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..759d9a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/_internal_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests._internal_utils
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Provides utility functions that are consumed internally by Requests
+which depend on extremely few external helpers (such as compat)
+"""
+
+from .compat import is_py2, builtin_str, str
+
+
+def to_native_string(string, encoding='ascii'):
+    """Given a string object, regardless of type, returns a representation of
+    that string in the native string type, encoding and decoding where
+    necessary. This assumes ASCII unless told otherwise.
+    """
+    if isinstance(string, builtin_str):
+        out = string
+    else:
+        if is_py2:
+            out = string.encode(encoding)
+        else:
+            out = string.decode(encoding)
+
+    return out
+
+
+def unicode_is_ascii(u_string):
+    """Determine if unicode string only contains ASCII characters.
+
+    :param str u_string: unicode string to check. Must be unicode
+        and not Python 2 `str`.
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    assert isinstance(u_string, str)
+    try:
+        u_string.encode('ascii')
+        return True
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/adapters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/adapters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3dfa57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/adapters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,538 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.adapters
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module contains the transport adapters that Requests uses to define
+and maintain connections.
+"""
+
+import os.path
+import socket
+
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager, proxy_from_url
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.response import HTTPResponse
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import parse_url
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import Timeout as TimeoutSauce
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.util.retry import Retry
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import ClosedPoolError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import ConnectTimeoutError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as _HTTPError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import InvalidHeader as _InvalidHeader
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import MaxRetryError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import NewConnectionError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import ProxyError as _ProxyError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import ProtocolError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import ReadTimeoutError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import SSLError as _SSLError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import ResponseError
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import LocationValueError
+
+from .models import Response
+from .compat import urlparse, basestring
+from .utils import (DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH, extract_zipped_paths,
+                    get_encoding_from_headers, prepend_scheme_if_needed,
+                    get_auth_from_url, urldefragauth, select_proxy)
+from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+from .cookies import extract_cookies_to_jar
+from .exceptions import (ConnectionError, ConnectTimeout, ReadTimeout, SSLError,
+                         ProxyError, RetryError, InvalidSchema, InvalidProxyURL,
+                         InvalidURL, InvalidHeader)
+from .auth import _basic_auth_str
+
+try:
+    from pip._vendor.urllib3.contrib.socks import SOCKSProxyManager
+except ImportError:
+    def SOCKSProxyManager(*args, **kwargs):
+        raise InvalidSchema("Missing dependencies for SOCKS support.")
+
+DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK = False
+DEFAULT_POOLSIZE = 10
+DEFAULT_RETRIES = 0
+DEFAULT_POOL_TIMEOUT = None
+
+
+class BaseAdapter(object):
+    """The Base Transport Adapter"""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(BaseAdapter, self).__init__()
+
+    def send(self, request, stream=False, timeout=None, verify=True,
+             cert=None, proxies=None):
+        """Sends PreparedRequest object. Returns Response object.
+
+        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
+        :param stream: (optional) Whether to stream the request content.
+        :param timeout: (optional) How long to wait for the server to send
+            data before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout,
+            read timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
+        :type timeout: float or tuple
+        :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
+            the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
+            to a CA bundle to use
+        :param cert: (optional) Any user-provided SSL certificate to be trusted.
+        :param proxies: (optional) The proxies dictionary to apply to the request.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Cleans up adapter specific items."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
+    """The built-in HTTP Adapter for urllib3.
+
+    Provides a general-case interface for Requests sessions to contact HTTP and
+    HTTPS urls by implementing the Transport Adapter interface. This class will
+    usually be created by the :class:`Session <Session>` class under the
+    covers.
+
+    :param pool_connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache.
+    :param pool_maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool.
+    :param max_retries: The maximum number of retries each connection
+        should attempt. Note, this applies only to failed DNS lookups, socket
+        connections and connection timeouts, never to requests where data has
+        made it to the server. By default, Requests does not retry failed
+        connections. If you need granular control over the conditions under
+        which we retry a request, import urllib3's ``Retry`` class and pass
+        that instead.
+    :param pool_block: Whether the connection pool should block for connections.
+
+    Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> s = requests.Session()
+      >>> a = requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter(max_retries=3)
+      >>> s.mount('http://', a)
+    """
+    __attrs__ = ['max_retries', 'config', '_pool_connections', '_pool_maxsize',
+                 '_pool_block']
+
+    def __init__(self, pool_connections=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE,
+                 pool_maxsize=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE, max_retries=DEFAULT_RETRIES,
+                 pool_block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK):
+        if max_retries == DEFAULT_RETRIES:
+            self.max_retries = Retry(0, read=False)
+        else:
+            self.max_retries = Retry.from_int(max_retries)
+        self.config = {}
+        self.proxy_manager = {}
+
+        super(HTTPAdapter, self).__init__()
+
+        self._pool_connections = pool_connections
+        self._pool_maxsize = pool_maxsize
+        self._pool_block = pool_block
+
+        self.init_poolmanager(pool_connections, pool_maxsize, block=pool_block)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return {attr: getattr(self, attr, None) for attr in self.__attrs__}
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        # Can't handle by adding 'proxy_manager' to self.__attrs__ because
+        # self.poolmanager uses a lambda function, which isn't pickleable.
+        self.proxy_manager = {}
+        self.config = {}
+
+        for attr, value in state.items():
+            setattr(self, attr, value)
+
+        self.init_poolmanager(self._pool_connections, self._pool_maxsize,
+                              block=self._pool_block)
+
+    def init_poolmanager(self, connections, maxsize, block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK, **pool_kwargs):
+        """Initializes a urllib3 PoolManager.
+
+        This method should not be called from user code, and is only
+        exposed for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache.
+        :param maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool.
+        :param block: Block when no free connections are available.
+        :param pool_kwargs: Extra keyword arguments used to initialize the Pool Manager.
+        """
+        # save these values for pickling
+        self._pool_connections = connections
+        self._pool_maxsize = maxsize
+        self._pool_block = block
+
+        self.poolmanager = PoolManager(num_pools=connections, maxsize=maxsize,
+                                       block=block, strict=True, **pool_kwargs)
+
+    def proxy_manager_for(self, proxy, **proxy_kwargs):
+        """Return urllib3 ProxyManager for the given proxy.
+
+        This method should not be called from user code, and is only
+        exposed for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param proxy: The proxy to return a urllib3 ProxyManager for.
+        :param proxy_kwargs: Extra keyword arguments used to configure the Proxy Manager.
+        :returns: ProxyManager
+        :rtype: urllib3.ProxyManager
+        """
+        if proxy in self.proxy_manager:
+            manager = self.proxy_manager[proxy]
+        elif proxy.lower().startswith('socks'):
+            username, password = get_auth_from_url(proxy)
+            manager = self.proxy_manager[proxy] = SOCKSProxyManager(
+                proxy,
+                username=username,
+                password=password,
+                num_pools=self._pool_connections,
+                maxsize=self._pool_maxsize,
+                block=self._pool_block,
+                **proxy_kwargs
+            )
+        else:
+            proxy_headers = self.proxy_headers(proxy)
+            manager = self.proxy_manager[proxy] = proxy_from_url(
+                proxy,
+                proxy_headers=proxy_headers,
+                num_pools=self._pool_connections,
+                maxsize=self._pool_maxsize,
+                block=self._pool_block,
+                **proxy_kwargs)
+
+        return manager
+
+    def cert_verify(self, conn, url, verify, cert):
+        """Verify a SSL certificate. This method should not be called from user
+        code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param conn: The urllib3 connection object associated with the cert.
+        :param url: The requested URL.
+        :param verify: Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
+            the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
+            to a CA bundle to use
+        :param cert: The SSL certificate to verify.
+        """
+        if url.lower().startswith('https') and verify:
+
+            cert_loc = None
+
+            # Allow self-specified cert location.
+            if verify is not True:
+                cert_loc = verify
+
+            if not cert_loc:
+                cert_loc = extract_zipped_paths(DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH)
+
+            if not cert_loc or not os.path.exists(cert_loc):
+                raise IOError("Could not find a suitable TLS CA certificate bundle, "
+                              "invalid path: {}".format(cert_loc))
+
+            conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_REQUIRED'
+
+            if not os.path.isdir(cert_loc):
+                conn.ca_certs = cert_loc
+            else:
+                conn.ca_cert_dir = cert_loc
+        else:
+            conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_NONE'
+            conn.ca_certs = None
+            conn.ca_cert_dir = None
+
+        if cert:
+            if not isinstance(cert, basestring):
+                conn.cert_file = cert[0]
+                conn.key_file = cert[1]
+            else:
+                conn.cert_file = cert
+                conn.key_file = None
+            if conn.cert_file and not os.path.exists(conn.cert_file):
+                raise IOError("Could not find the TLS certificate file, "
+                              "invalid path: {}".format(conn.cert_file))
+            if conn.key_file and not os.path.exists(conn.key_file):
+                raise IOError("Could not find the TLS key file, "
+                              "invalid path: {}".format(conn.key_file))
+
+    def build_response(self, req, resp):
+        """Builds a :class:`Response <requests.Response>` object from a urllib3
+        response. This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed
+        for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`
+
+        :param req: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` used to generate the response.
+        :param resp: The urllib3 response object.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+        response = Response()
+
+        # Fallback to None if there's no status_code, for whatever reason.
+        response.status_code = getattr(resp, 'status', None)
+
+        # Make headers case-insensitive.
+        response.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(getattr(resp, 'headers', {}))
+
+        # Set encoding.
+        response.encoding = get_encoding_from_headers(response.headers)
+        response.raw = resp
+        response.reason = response.raw.reason
+
+        if isinstance(req.url, bytes):
+            response.url = req.url.decode('utf-8')
+        else:
+            response.url = req.url
+
+        # Add new cookies from the server.
+        extract_cookies_to_jar(response.cookies, req, resp)
+
+        # Give the Response some context.
+        response.request = req
+        response.connection = self
+
+        return response
+
+    def get_connection(self, url, proxies=None):
+        """Returns a urllib3 connection for the given URL. This should not be
+        called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param url: The URL to connect to.
+        :param proxies: (optional) A Requests-style dictionary of proxies used on this request.
+        :rtype: urllib3.ConnectionPool
+        """
+        proxy = select_proxy(url, proxies)
+
+        if proxy:
+            proxy = prepend_scheme_if_needed(proxy, 'http')
+            proxy_url = parse_url(proxy)
+            if not proxy_url.host:
+                raise InvalidProxyURL("Please check proxy URL. It is malformed"
+                                      " and could be missing the host.")
+            proxy_manager = self.proxy_manager_for(proxy)
+            conn = proxy_manager.connection_from_url(url)
+        else:
+            # Only scheme should be lower case
+            parsed = urlparse(url)
+            url = parsed.geturl()
+            conn = self.poolmanager.connection_from_url(url)
+
+        return conn
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Disposes of any internal state.
+
+        Currently, this closes the PoolManager and any active ProxyManager,
+        which closes any pooled connections.
+        """
+        self.poolmanager.clear()
+        for proxy in self.proxy_manager.values():
+            proxy.clear()
+
+    def request_url(self, request, proxies):
+        """Obtain the url to use when making the final request.
+
+        If the message is being sent through a HTTP proxy, the full URL has to
+        be used. Otherwise, we should only use the path portion of the URL.
+
+        This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
+        when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
+        :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes or schemes and hosts to proxy URLs.
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        proxy = select_proxy(request.url, proxies)
+        scheme = urlparse(request.url).scheme
+
+        is_proxied_http_request = (proxy and scheme != 'https')
+        using_socks_proxy = False
+        if proxy:
+            proxy_scheme = urlparse(proxy).scheme.lower()
+            using_socks_proxy = proxy_scheme.startswith('socks')
+
+        url = request.path_url
+        if is_proxied_http_request and not using_socks_proxy:
+            url = urldefragauth(request.url)
+
+        return url
+
+    def add_headers(self, request, **kwargs):
+        """Add any headers needed by the connection. As of v2.0 this does
+        nothing by default, but is left for overriding by users that subclass
+        the :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
+        when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` to add headers to.
+        :param kwargs: The keyword arguments from the call to send().
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def proxy_headers(self, proxy):
+        """Returns a dictionary of the headers to add to any request sent
+        through a proxy. This works with urllib3 magic to ensure that they are
+        correctly sent to the proxy, rather than in a tunnelled request if
+        CONNECT is being used.
+
+        This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
+        when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param proxy: The url of the proxy being used for this request.
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        headers = {}
+        username, password = get_auth_from_url(proxy)
+
+        if username:
+            headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(username,
+                                                             password)
+
+        return headers
+
+    def send(self, request, stream=False, timeout=None, verify=True, cert=None, proxies=None):
+        """Sends PreparedRequest object. Returns Response object.
+
+        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
+        :param stream: (optional) Whether to stream the request content.
+        :param timeout: (optional) How long to wait for the server to send
+            data before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout,
+            read timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
+        :type timeout: float or tuple or urllib3 Timeout object
+        :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether
+            we verify the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it
+            must be a path to a CA bundle to use
+        :param cert: (optional) Any user-provided SSL certificate to be trusted.
+        :param proxies: (optional) The proxies dictionary to apply to the request.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        try:
+            conn = self.get_connection(request.url, proxies)
+        except LocationValueError as e:
+            raise InvalidURL(e, request=request)
+
+        self.cert_verify(conn, request.url, verify, cert)
+        url = self.request_url(request, proxies)
+        self.add_headers(request, stream=stream, timeout=timeout, verify=verify, cert=cert, proxies=proxies)
+
+        chunked = not (request.body is None or 'Content-Length' in request.headers)
+
+        if isinstance(timeout, tuple):
+            try:
+                connect, read = timeout
+                timeout = TimeoutSauce(connect=connect, read=read)
+            except ValueError as e:
+                # this may raise a string formatting error.
+                err = ("Invalid timeout {}. Pass a (connect, read) "
+                       "timeout tuple, or a single float to set "
+                       "both timeouts to the same value".format(timeout))
+                raise ValueError(err)
+        elif isinstance(timeout, TimeoutSauce):
+            pass
+        else:
+            timeout = TimeoutSauce(connect=timeout, read=timeout)
+
+        try:
+            if not chunked:
+                resp = conn.urlopen(
+                    method=request.method,
+                    url=url,
+                    body=request.body,
+                    headers=request.headers,
+                    redirect=False,
+                    assert_same_host=False,
+                    preload_content=False,
+                    decode_content=False,
+                    retries=self.max_retries,
+                    timeout=timeout
+                )
+
+            # Send the request.
+            else:
+                if hasattr(conn, 'proxy_pool'):
+                    conn = conn.proxy_pool
+
+                low_conn = conn._get_conn(timeout=DEFAULT_POOL_TIMEOUT)
+
+                try:
+                    skip_host = 'Host' in request.headers
+                    low_conn.putrequest(request.method,
+                                        url,
+                                        skip_accept_encoding=True,
+                                        skip_host=skip_host)
+
+                    for header, value in request.headers.items():
+                        low_conn.putheader(header, value)
+
+                    low_conn.endheaders()
+
+                    for i in request.body:
+                        low_conn.send(hex(len(i))[2:].encode('utf-8'))
+                        low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
+                        low_conn.send(i)
+                        low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
+                    low_conn.send(b'0\r\n\r\n')
+
+                    # Receive the response from the server
+                    try:
+                        # For Python 2.7, use buffering of HTTP responses
+                        r = low_conn.getresponse(buffering=True)
+                    except TypeError:
+                        # For compatibility with Python 3.3+
+                        r = low_conn.getresponse()
+
+                    resp = HTTPResponse.from_httplib(
+                        r,
+                        pool=conn,
+                        connection=low_conn,
+                        preload_content=False,
+                        decode_content=False
+                    )
+                except:
+                    # If we hit any problems here, clean up the connection.
+                    # Then, reraise so that we can handle the actual exception.
+                    low_conn.close()
+                    raise
+
+        except (ProtocolError, socket.error) as err:
+            raise ConnectionError(err, request=request)
+
+        except MaxRetryError as e:
+            if isinstance(e.reason, ConnectTimeoutError):
+                # TODO: Remove this in 3.0.0: see #2811
+                if not isinstance(e.reason, NewConnectionError):
+                    raise ConnectTimeout(e, request=request)
+
+            if isinstance(e.reason, ResponseError):
+                raise RetryError(e, request=request)
+
+            if isinstance(e.reason, _ProxyError):
+                raise ProxyError(e, request=request)
+
+            if isinstance(e.reason, _SSLError):
+                # This branch is for urllib3 v1.22 and later.
+                raise SSLError(e, request=request)
+
+            raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
+
+        except ClosedPoolError as e:
+            raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
+
+        except _ProxyError as e:
+            raise ProxyError(e)
+
+        except (_SSLError, _HTTPError) as e:
+            if isinstance(e, _SSLError):
+                # This branch is for urllib3 versions earlier than v1.22
+                raise SSLError(e, request=request)
+            elif isinstance(e, ReadTimeoutError):
+                raise ReadTimeout(e, request=request)
+            elif isinstance(e, _InvalidHeader):
+                raise InvalidHeader(e, request=request)
+            else:
+                raise
+
+        return self.build_response(request, resp)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cba90e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.api
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module implements the Requests API.
+
+:copyright: (c) 2012 by Kenneth Reitz.
+:license: Apache2, see LICENSE for more details.
+"""
+
+from . import sessions
+
+
+def request(method, url, **kwargs):
+    """Constructs and sends a :class:`Request <Request>`.
+
+    :param method: method for the new :class:`Request` object: ``GET``, ``OPTIONS``, ``HEAD``, ``POST``, ``PUT``, ``PATCH``, or ``DELETE``.
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send
+        in the query string for the :class:`Request`.
+    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param json: (optional) A JSON serializable Python object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param headers: (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with the :class:`Request`.
+    :param cookies: (optional) Dict or CookieJar object to send with the :class:`Request`.
+    :param files: (optional) Dictionary of ``'name': file-like-objects`` (or ``{'name': file-tuple}``) for multipart encoding upload.
+        ``file-tuple`` can be a 2-tuple ``('filename', fileobj)``, 3-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type')``
+        or a 4-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type', custom_headers)``, where ``'content-type'`` is a string
+        defining the content type of the given file and ``custom_headers`` a dict-like object containing additional headers
+        to add for the file.
+    :param auth: (optional) Auth tuple to enable Basic/Digest/Custom HTTP Auth.
+    :param timeout: (optional) How many seconds to wait for the server to send data
+        before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout, read
+        timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
+    :type timeout: float or tuple
+    :param allow_redirects: (optional) Boolean. Enable/disable GET/OPTIONS/POST/PUT/PATCH/DELETE/HEAD redirection. Defaults to ``True``.
+    :type allow_redirects: bool
+    :param proxies: (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy.
+    :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
+            the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
+            to a CA bundle to use. Defaults to ``True``.
+    :param stream: (optional) if ``False``, the response content will be immediately downloaded.
+    :param cert: (optional) if String, path to ssl client cert file (.pem). If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+
+    Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> req = requests.request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')
+      >>> req
+      <Response [200]>
+    """
+
+    # By using the 'with' statement we are sure the session is closed, thus we
+    # avoid leaving sockets open which can trigger a ResourceWarning in some
+    # cases, and look like a memory leak in others.
+    with sessions.Session() as session:
+        return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
+
+
+def get(url, params=None, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a GET request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send
+        in the query string for the :class:`Request`.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
+
+
+def options(url, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends an OPTIONS request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('options', url, **kwargs)
+
+
+def head(url, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a HEAD request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes. If
+        `allow_redirects` is not provided, it will be set to `False` (as
+        opposed to the default :meth:`request` behavior).
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', False)
+    return request('head', url, **kwargs)
+
+
+def post(url, data=None, json=None, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a POST request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param json: (optional) json data to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('post', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
+
+
+def put(url, data=None, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a PUT request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param json: (optional) json data to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('put', url, data=data, **kwargs)
+
+
+def patch(url, data=None, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a PATCH request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param json: (optional) json data to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('patch', url, data=data, **kwargs)
+
+
+def delete(url, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a DELETE request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('delete', url, **kwargs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/auth.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/auth.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eeface3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.auth
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module contains the authentication handlers for Requests.
+"""
+
+import os
+import re
+import time
+import hashlib
+import threading
+import warnings
+
+from base64 import b64encode
+
+from .compat import urlparse, str, basestring
+from .cookies import extract_cookies_to_jar
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string
+from .utils import parse_dict_header
+
+CONTENT_TYPE_FORM_URLENCODED = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+CONTENT_TYPE_MULTI_PART = 'multipart/form-data'
+
+
+def _basic_auth_str(username, password):
+    """Returns a Basic Auth string."""
+
+    # "I want us to put a big-ol' comment on top of it that
+    # says that this behaviour is dumb but we need to preserve
+    # it because people are relying on it."
+    #    - Lukasa
+    #
+    # These are here solely to maintain backwards compatibility
+    # for things like ints. This will be removed in 3.0.0.
+    if not isinstance(username, basestring):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Non-string usernames will no longer be supported in Requests "
+            "3.0.0. Please convert the object you've passed in ({!r}) to "
+            "a string or bytes object in the near future to avoid "
+            "problems.".format(username),
+            category=DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        username = str(username)
+
+    if not isinstance(password, basestring):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Non-string passwords will no longer be supported in Requests "
+            "3.0.0. Please convert the object you've passed in ({!r}) to "
+            "a string or bytes object in the near future to avoid "
+            "problems.".format(type(password)),
+            category=DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        password = str(password)
+    # -- End Removal --
+
+    if isinstance(username, str):
+        username = username.encode('latin1')
+
+    if isinstance(password, str):
+        password = password.encode('latin1')
+
+    authstr = 'Basic ' + to_native_string(
+        b64encode(b':'.join((username, password))).strip()
+    )
+
+    return authstr
+
+
+class AuthBase(object):
+    """Base class that all auth implementations derive from"""
+
+    def __call__(self, r):
+        raise NotImplementedError('Auth hooks must be callable.')
+
+
+class HTTPBasicAuth(AuthBase):
+    """Attaches HTTP Basic Authentication to the given Request object."""
+
+    def __init__(self, username, password):
+        self.username = username
+        self.password = password
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return all([
+            self.username == getattr(other, 'username', None),
+            self.password == getattr(other, 'password', None)
+        ])
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    def __call__(self, r):
+        r.headers['Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(self.username, self.password)
+        return r
+
+
+class HTTPProxyAuth(HTTPBasicAuth):
+    """Attaches HTTP Proxy Authentication to a given Request object."""
+
+    def __call__(self, r):
+        r.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(self.username, self.password)
+        return r
+
+
+class HTTPDigestAuth(AuthBase):
+    """Attaches HTTP Digest Authentication to the given Request object."""
+
+    def __init__(self, username, password):
+        self.username = username
+        self.password = password
+        # Keep state in per-thread local storage
+        self._thread_local = threading.local()
+
+    def init_per_thread_state(self):
+        # Ensure state is initialized just once per-thread
+        if not hasattr(self._thread_local, 'init'):
+            self._thread_local.init = True
+            self._thread_local.last_nonce = ''
+            self._thread_local.nonce_count = 0
+            self._thread_local.chal = {}
+            self._thread_local.pos = None
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls = None
+
+    def build_digest_header(self, method, url):
+        """
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+
+        realm = self._thread_local.chal['realm']
+        nonce = self._thread_local.chal['nonce']
+        qop = self._thread_local.chal.get('qop')
+        algorithm = self._thread_local.chal.get('algorithm')
+        opaque = self._thread_local.chal.get('opaque')
+        hash_utf8 = None
+
+        if algorithm is None:
+            _algorithm = 'MD5'
+        else:
+            _algorithm = algorithm.upper()
+        # lambdas assume digest modules are imported at the top level
+        if _algorithm == 'MD5' or _algorithm == 'MD5-SESS':
+            def md5_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.md5(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = md5_utf8
+        elif _algorithm == 'SHA':
+            def sha_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.sha1(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = sha_utf8
+        elif _algorithm == 'SHA-256':
+            def sha256_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.sha256(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = sha256_utf8
+        elif _algorithm == 'SHA-512':
+            def sha512_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.sha512(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = sha512_utf8
+
+        KD = lambda s, d: hash_utf8("%s:%s" % (s, d))
+
+        if hash_utf8 is None:
+            return None
+
+        # XXX not implemented yet
+        entdig = None
+        p_parsed = urlparse(url)
+        #: path is request-uri defined in RFC 2616 which should not be empty
+        path = p_parsed.path or "/"
+        if p_parsed.query:
+            path += '?' + p_parsed.query
+
+        A1 = '%s:%s:%s' % (self.username, realm, self.password)
+        A2 = '%s:%s' % (method, path)
+
+        HA1 = hash_utf8(A1)
+        HA2 = hash_utf8(A2)
+
+        if nonce == self._thread_local.last_nonce:
+            self._thread_local.nonce_count += 1
+        else:
+            self._thread_local.nonce_count = 1
+        ncvalue = '%08x' % self._thread_local.nonce_count
+        s = str(self._thread_local.nonce_count).encode('utf-8')
+        s += nonce.encode('utf-8')
+        s += time.ctime().encode('utf-8')
+        s += os.urandom(8)
+
+        cnonce = (hashlib.sha1(s).hexdigest()[:16])
+        if _algorithm == 'MD5-SESS':
+            HA1 = hash_utf8('%s:%s:%s' % (HA1, nonce, cnonce))
+
+        if not qop:
+            respdig = KD(HA1, "%s:%s" % (nonce, HA2))
+        elif qop == 'auth' or 'auth' in qop.split(','):
+            noncebit = "%s:%s:%s:%s:%s" % (
+                nonce, ncvalue, cnonce, 'auth', HA2
+            )
+            respdig = KD(HA1, noncebit)
+        else:
+            # XXX handle auth-int.
+            return None
+
+        self._thread_local.last_nonce = nonce
+
+        # XXX should the partial digests be encoded too?
+        base = 'username="%s", realm="%s", nonce="%s", uri="%s", ' \
+               'response="%s"' % (self.username, realm, nonce, path, respdig)
+        if opaque:
+            base += ', opaque="%s"' % opaque
+        if algorithm:
+            base += ', algorithm="%s"' % algorithm
+        if entdig:
+            base += ', digest="%s"' % entdig
+        if qop:
+            base += ', qop="auth", nc=%s, cnonce="%s"' % (ncvalue, cnonce)
+
+        return 'Digest %s' % (base)
+
+    def handle_redirect(self, r, **kwargs):
+        """Reset num_401_calls counter on redirects."""
+        if r.is_redirect:
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+
+    def handle_401(self, r, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Takes the given response and tries digest-auth, if needed.
+
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        # If response is not 4xx, do not auth
+        # See https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/3772
+        if not 400 <= r.status_code < 500:
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+            return r
+
+        if self._thread_local.pos is not None:
+            # Rewind the file position indicator of the body to where
+            # it was to resend the request.
+            r.request.body.seek(self._thread_local.pos)
+        s_auth = r.headers.get('www-authenticate', '')
+
+        if 'digest' in s_auth.lower() and self._thread_local.num_401_calls < 2:
+
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls += 1
+            pat = re.compile(r'digest ', flags=re.IGNORECASE)
+            self._thread_local.chal = parse_dict_header(pat.sub('', s_auth, count=1))
+
+            # Consume content and release the original connection
+            # to allow our new request to reuse the same one.
+            r.content
+            r.close()
+            prep = r.request.copy()
+            extract_cookies_to_jar(prep._cookies, r.request, r.raw)
+            prep.prepare_cookies(prep._cookies)
+
+            prep.headers['Authorization'] = self.build_digest_header(
+                prep.method, prep.url)
+            _r = r.connection.send(prep, **kwargs)
+            _r.history.append(r)
+            _r.request = prep
+
+            return _r
+
+        self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+        return r
+
+    def __call__(self, r):
+        # Initialize per-thread state, if needed
+        self.init_per_thread_state()
+        # If we have a saved nonce, skip the 401
+        if self._thread_local.last_nonce:
+            r.headers['Authorization'] = self.build_digest_header(r.method, r.url)
+        try:
+            self._thread_local.pos = r.body.tell()
+        except AttributeError:
+            # In the case of HTTPDigestAuth being reused and the body of
+            # the previous request was a file-like object, pos has the
+            # file position of the previous body. Ensure it's set to
+            # None.
+            self._thread_local.pos = None
+        r.register_hook('response', self.handle_401)
+        r.register_hook('response', self.handle_redirect)
+        self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+
+        return r
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return all([
+            self.username == getattr(other, 'username', None),
+            self.password == getattr(other, 'password', None)
+        ])
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/certs.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/certs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06a594e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/certs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.certs
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module returns the preferred default CA certificate bundle. There is
+only one — the one from the certifi package.
+
+If you are packaging Requests, e.g., for a Linux distribution or a managed
+environment, you can change the definition of where() to return a separately
+packaged CA bundle.
+"""
+from pip._vendor.certifi import where
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print(where())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f98cc91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.compat
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module handles import compatibility issues between Python 2 and
+Python 3.
+"""
+
+from pip._vendor import chardet
+
+import sys
+
+# -------
+# Pythons
+# -------
+
+# Syntax sugar.
+_ver = sys.version_info
+
+#: Python 2.x?
+is_py2 = (_ver[0] == 2)
+
+#: Python 3.x?
+is_py3 = (_ver[0] == 3)
+
+# Note: We've patched out simplejson support in pip because it prevents
+#       upgrading simplejson on Windows.
+# try:
+#     import simplejson as json
+# except (ImportError, SyntaxError):
+#     # simplejson does not support Python 3.2, it throws a SyntaxError
+#     # because of u'...' Unicode literals.
+import json
+
+# ---------
+# Specifics
+# ---------
+
+if is_py2:
+    from urllib import (
+        quote, unquote, quote_plus, unquote_plus, urlencode, getproxies,
+        proxy_bypass, proxy_bypass_environment, getproxies_environment)
+    from urlparse import urlparse, urlunparse, urljoin, urlsplit, urldefrag
+    from urllib2 import parse_http_list
+    import cookielib
+    from Cookie import Morsel
+    from StringIO import StringIO
+    # Keep OrderedDict for backwards compatibility.
+    from collections import Callable, Mapping, MutableMapping, OrderedDict
+
+    builtin_str = str
+    bytes = str
+    str = unicode
+    basestring = basestring
+    numeric_types = (int, long, float)
+    integer_types = (int, long)
+    JSONDecodeError = ValueError
+
+elif is_py3:
+    from urllib.parse import urlparse, urlunparse, urljoin, urlsplit, urlencode, quote, unquote, quote_plus, unquote_plus, urldefrag
+    from urllib.request import parse_http_list, getproxies, proxy_bypass, proxy_bypass_environment, getproxies_environment
+    from http import cookiejar as cookielib
+    from http.cookies import Morsel
+    from io import StringIO
+    # Keep OrderedDict for backwards compatibility.
+    from collections import OrderedDict
+    from collections.abc import Callable, Mapping, MutableMapping
+    from json import JSONDecodeError
+
+    builtin_str = str
+    str = str
+    bytes = bytes
+    basestring = (str, bytes)
+    numeric_types = (int, float)
+    integer_types = (int,)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/cookies.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/cookies.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56fccd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/cookies.py
@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.cookies
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Compatibility code to be able to use `cookielib.CookieJar` with requests.
+
+requests.utils imports from here, so be careful with imports.
+"""
+
+import copy
+import time
+import calendar
+
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string
+from .compat import cookielib, urlparse, urlunparse, Morsel, MutableMapping
+
+try:
+    import threading
+except ImportError:
+    import dummy_threading as threading
+
+
+class MockRequest(object):
+    """Wraps a `requests.Request` to mimic a `urllib2.Request`.
+
+    The code in `cookielib.CookieJar` expects this interface in order to correctly
+    manage cookie policies, i.e., determine whether a cookie can be set, given the
+    domains of the request and the cookie.
+
+    The original request object is read-only. The client is responsible for collecting
+    the new headers via `get_new_headers()` and interpreting them appropriately. You
+    probably want `get_cookie_header`, defined below.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, request):
+        self._r = request
+        self._new_headers = {}
+        self.type = urlparse(self._r.url).scheme
+
+    def get_type(self):
+        return self.type
+
+    def get_host(self):
+        return urlparse(self._r.url).netloc
+
+    def get_origin_req_host(self):
+        return self.get_host()
+
+    def get_full_url(self):
+        # Only return the response's URL if the user hadn't set the Host
+        # header
+        if not self._r.headers.get('Host'):
+            return self._r.url
+        # If they did set it, retrieve it and reconstruct the expected domain
+        host = to_native_string(self._r.headers['Host'], encoding='utf-8')
+        parsed = urlparse(self._r.url)
+        # Reconstruct the URL as we expect it
+        return urlunparse([
+            parsed.scheme, host, parsed.path, parsed.params, parsed.query,
+            parsed.fragment
+        ])
+
+    def is_unverifiable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def has_header(self, name):
+        return name in self._r.headers or name in self._new_headers
+
+    def get_header(self, name, default=None):
+        return self._r.headers.get(name, self._new_headers.get(name, default))
+
+    def add_header(self, key, val):
+        """cookielib has no legitimate use for this method; add it back if you find one."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("Cookie headers should be added with add_unredirected_header()")
+
+    def add_unredirected_header(self, name, value):
+        self._new_headers[name] = value
+
+    def get_new_headers(self):
+        return self._new_headers
+
+    @property
+    def unverifiable(self):
+        return self.is_unverifiable()
+
+    @property
+    def origin_req_host(self):
+        return self.get_origin_req_host()
+
+    @property
+    def host(self):
+        return self.get_host()
+
+
+class MockResponse(object):
+    """Wraps a `httplib.HTTPMessage` to mimic a `urllib.addinfourl`.
+
+    ...what? Basically, expose the parsed HTTP headers from the server response
+    the way `cookielib` expects to see them.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, headers):
+        """Make a MockResponse for `cookielib` to read.
+
+        :param headers: a httplib.HTTPMessage or analogous carrying the headers
+        """
+        self._headers = headers
+
+    def info(self):
+        return self._headers
+
+    def getheaders(self, name):
+        self._headers.getheaders(name)
+
+
+def extract_cookies_to_jar(jar, request, response):
+    """Extract the cookies from the response into a CookieJar.
+
+    :param jar: cookielib.CookieJar (not necessarily a RequestsCookieJar)
+    :param request: our own requests.Request object
+    :param response: urllib3.HTTPResponse object
+    """
+    if not (hasattr(response, '_original_response') and
+            response._original_response):
+        return
+    # the _original_response field is the wrapped httplib.HTTPResponse object,
+    req = MockRequest(request)
+    # pull out the HTTPMessage with the headers and put it in the mock:
+    res = MockResponse(response._original_response.msg)
+    jar.extract_cookies(res, req)
+
+
+def get_cookie_header(jar, request):
+    """
+    Produce an appropriate Cookie header string to be sent with `request`, or None.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    r = MockRequest(request)
+    jar.add_cookie_header(r)
+    return r.get_new_headers().get('Cookie')
+
+
+def remove_cookie_by_name(cookiejar, name, domain=None, path=None):
+    """Unsets a cookie by name, by default over all domains and paths.
+
+    Wraps CookieJar.clear(), is O(n).
+    """
+    clearables = []
+    for cookie in cookiejar:
+        if cookie.name != name:
+            continue
+        if domain is not None and domain != cookie.domain:
+            continue
+        if path is not None and path != cookie.path:
+            continue
+        clearables.append((cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name))
+
+    for domain, path, name in clearables:
+        cookiejar.clear(domain, path, name)
+
+
+class CookieConflictError(RuntimeError):
+    """There are two cookies that meet the criteria specified in the cookie jar.
+    Use .get and .set and include domain and path args in order to be more specific.
+    """
+
+
+class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):
+    """Compatibility class; is a cookielib.CookieJar, but exposes a dict
+    interface.
+
+    This is the CookieJar we create by default for requests and sessions that
+    don't specify one, since some clients may expect response.cookies and
+    session.cookies to support dict operations.
+
+    Requests does not use the dict interface internally; it's just for
+    compatibility with external client code. All requests code should work
+    out of the box with externally provided instances of ``CookieJar``, e.g.
+    ``LWPCookieJar`` and ``FileCookieJar``.
+
+    Unlike a regular CookieJar, this class is pickleable.
+
+    .. warning:: dictionary operations that are normally O(1) may be O(n).
+    """
+
+    def get(self, name, default=None, domain=None, path=None):
+        """Dict-like get() that also supports optional domain and path args in
+        order to resolve naming collisions from using one cookie jar over
+        multiple domains.
+
+        .. warning:: operation is O(n), not O(1).
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._find_no_duplicates(name, domain, path)
+        except KeyError:
+            return default
+
+    def set(self, name, value, **kwargs):
+        """Dict-like set() that also supports optional domain and path args in
+        order to resolve naming collisions from using one cookie jar over
+        multiple domains.
+        """
+        # support client code that unsets cookies by assignment of a None value:
+        if value is None:
+            remove_cookie_by_name(self, name, domain=kwargs.get('domain'), path=kwargs.get('path'))
+            return
+
+        if isinstance(value, Morsel):
+            c = morsel_to_cookie(value)
+        else:
+            c = create_cookie(name, value, **kwargs)
+        self.set_cookie(c)
+        return c
+
+    def iterkeys(self):
+        """Dict-like iterkeys() that returns an iterator of names of cookies
+        from the jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: itervalues() and iteritems().
+        """
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            yield cookie.name
+
+    def keys(self):
+        """Dict-like keys() that returns a list of names of cookies from the
+        jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: values() and items().
+        """
+        return list(self.iterkeys())
+
+    def itervalues(self):
+        """Dict-like itervalues() that returns an iterator of values of cookies
+        from the jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: iterkeys() and iteritems().
+        """
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            yield cookie.value
+
+    def values(self):
+        """Dict-like values() that returns a list of values of cookies from the
+        jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: keys() and items().
+        """
+        return list(self.itervalues())
+
+    def iteritems(self):
+        """Dict-like iteritems() that returns an iterator of name-value tuples
+        from the jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: iterkeys() and itervalues().
+        """
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            yield cookie.name, cookie.value
+
+    def items(self):
+        """Dict-like items() that returns a list of name-value tuples from the
+        jar. Allows client-code to call ``dict(RequestsCookieJar)`` and get a
+        vanilla python dict of key value pairs.
+
+        .. seealso:: keys() and values().
+        """
+        return list(self.iteritems())
+
+    def list_domains(self):
+        """Utility method to list all the domains in the jar."""
+        domains = []
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.domain not in domains:
+                domains.append(cookie.domain)
+        return domains
+
+    def list_paths(self):
+        """Utility method to list all the paths in the jar."""
+        paths = []
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.path not in paths:
+                paths.append(cookie.path)
+        return paths
+
+    def multiple_domains(self):
+        """Returns True if there are multiple domains in the jar.
+        Returns False otherwise.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        domains = []
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.domain is not None and cookie.domain in domains:
+                return True
+            domains.append(cookie.domain)
+        return False  # there is only one domain in jar
+
+    def get_dict(self, domain=None, path=None):
+        """Takes as an argument an optional domain and path and returns a plain
+        old Python dict of name-value pairs of cookies that meet the
+        requirements.
+
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        dictionary = {}
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if (
+                (domain is None or cookie.domain == domain) and
+                (path is None or cookie.path == path)
+            ):
+                dictionary[cookie.name] = cookie.value
+        return dictionary
+
+    def __contains__(self, name):
+        try:
+            return super(RequestsCookieJar, self).__contains__(name)
+        except CookieConflictError:
+            return True
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name):
+        """Dict-like __getitem__() for compatibility with client code. Throws
+        exception if there are more than one cookie with name. In that case,
+        use the more explicit get() method instead.
+
+        .. warning:: operation is O(n), not O(1).
+        """
+        return self._find_no_duplicates(name)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, name, value):
+        """Dict-like __setitem__ for compatibility with client code. Throws
+        exception if there is already a cookie of that name in the jar. In that
+        case, use the more explicit set() method instead.
+        """
+        self.set(name, value)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, name):
+        """Deletes a cookie given a name. Wraps ``cookielib.CookieJar``'s
+        ``remove_cookie_by_name()``.
+        """
+        remove_cookie_by_name(self, name)
+
+    def set_cookie(self, cookie, *args, **kwargs):
+        if hasattr(cookie.value, 'startswith') and cookie.value.startswith('"') and cookie.value.endswith('"'):
+            cookie.value = cookie.value.replace('\\"', '')
+        return super(RequestsCookieJar, self).set_cookie(cookie, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def update(self, other):
+        """Updates this jar with cookies from another CookieJar or dict-like"""
+        if isinstance(other, cookielib.CookieJar):
+            for cookie in other:
+                self.set_cookie(copy.copy(cookie))
+        else:
+            super(RequestsCookieJar, self).update(other)
+
+    def _find(self, name, domain=None, path=None):
+        """Requests uses this method internally to get cookie values.
+
+        If there are conflicting cookies, _find arbitrarily chooses one.
+        See _find_no_duplicates if you want an exception thrown if there are
+        conflicting cookies.
+
+        :param name: a string containing name of cookie
+        :param domain: (optional) string containing domain of cookie
+        :param path: (optional) string containing path of cookie
+        :return: cookie.value
+        """
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.name == name:
+                if domain is None or cookie.domain == domain:
+                    if path is None or cookie.path == path:
+                        return cookie.value
+
+        raise KeyError('name=%r, domain=%r, path=%r' % (name, domain, path))
+
+    def _find_no_duplicates(self, name, domain=None, path=None):
+        """Both ``__get_item__`` and ``get`` call this function: it's never
+        used elsewhere in Requests.
+
+        :param name: a string containing name of cookie
+        :param domain: (optional) string containing domain of cookie
+        :param path: (optional) string containing path of cookie
+        :raises KeyError: if cookie is not found
+        :raises CookieConflictError: if there are multiple cookies
+            that match name and optionally domain and path
+        :return: cookie.value
+        """
+        toReturn = None
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.name == name:
+                if domain is None or cookie.domain == domain:
+                    if path is None or cookie.path == path:
+                        if toReturn is not None:  # if there are multiple cookies that meet passed in criteria
+                            raise CookieConflictError('There are multiple cookies with name, %r' % (name))
+                        toReturn = cookie.value  # we will eventually return this as long as no cookie conflict
+
+        if toReturn:
+            return toReturn
+        raise KeyError('name=%r, domain=%r, path=%r' % (name, domain, path))
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        """Unlike a normal CookieJar, this class is pickleable."""
+        state = self.__dict__.copy()
+        # remove the unpickleable RLock object
+        state.pop('_cookies_lock')
+        return state
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        """Unlike a normal CookieJar, this class is pickleable."""
+        self.__dict__.update(state)
+        if '_cookies_lock' not in self.__dict__:
+            self._cookies_lock = threading.RLock()
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Return a copy of this RequestsCookieJar."""
+        new_cj = RequestsCookieJar()
+        new_cj.set_policy(self.get_policy())
+        new_cj.update(self)
+        return new_cj
+
+    def get_policy(self):
+        """Return the CookiePolicy instance used."""
+        return self._policy
+
+
+def _copy_cookie_jar(jar):
+    if jar is None:
+        return None
+
+    if hasattr(jar, 'copy'):
+        # We're dealing with an instance of RequestsCookieJar
+        return jar.copy()
+    # We're dealing with a generic CookieJar instance
+    new_jar = copy.copy(jar)
+    new_jar.clear()
+    for cookie in jar:
+        new_jar.set_cookie(copy.copy(cookie))
+    return new_jar
+
+
+def create_cookie(name, value, **kwargs):
+    """Make a cookie from underspecified parameters.
+
+    By default, the pair of `name` and `value` will be set for the domain ''
+    and sent on every request (this is sometimes called a "supercookie").
+    """
+    result = {
+        'version': 0,
+        'name': name,
+        'value': value,
+        'port': None,
+        'domain': '',
+        'path': '/',
+        'secure': False,
+        'expires': None,
+        'discard': True,
+        'comment': None,
+        'comment_url': None,
+        'rest': {'HttpOnly': None},
+        'rfc2109': False,
+    }
+
+    badargs = set(kwargs) - set(result)
+    if badargs:
+        err = 'create_cookie() got unexpected keyword arguments: %s'
+        raise TypeError(err % list(badargs))
+
+    result.update(kwargs)
+    result['port_specified'] = bool(result['port'])
+    result['domain_specified'] = bool(result['domain'])
+    result['domain_initial_dot'] = result['domain'].startswith('.')
+    result['path_specified'] = bool(result['path'])
+
+    return cookielib.Cookie(**result)
+
+
+def morsel_to_cookie(morsel):
+    """Convert a Morsel object into a Cookie containing the one k/v pair."""
+
+    expires = None
+    if morsel['max-age']:
+        try:
+            expires = int(time.time() + int(morsel['max-age']))
+        except ValueError:
+            raise TypeError('max-age: %s must be integer' % morsel['max-age'])
+    elif morsel['expires']:
+        time_template = '%a, %d-%b-%Y %H:%M:%S GMT'
+        expires = calendar.timegm(
+            time.strptime(morsel['expires'], time_template)
+        )
+    return create_cookie(
+        comment=morsel['comment'],
+        comment_url=bool(morsel['comment']),
+        discard=False,
+        domain=morsel['domain'],
+        expires=expires,
+        name=morsel.key,
+        path=morsel['path'],
+        port=None,
+        rest={'HttpOnly': morsel['httponly']},
+        rfc2109=False,
+        secure=bool(morsel['secure']),
+        value=morsel.value,
+        version=morsel['version'] or 0,
+    )
+
+
+def cookiejar_from_dict(cookie_dict, cookiejar=None, overwrite=True):
+    """Returns a CookieJar from a key/value dictionary.
+
+    :param cookie_dict: Dict of key/values to insert into CookieJar.
+    :param cookiejar: (optional) A cookiejar to add the cookies to.
+    :param overwrite: (optional) If False, will not replace cookies
+        already in the jar with new ones.
+    :rtype: CookieJar
+    """
+    if cookiejar is None:
+        cookiejar = RequestsCookieJar()
+
+    if cookie_dict is not None:
+        names_from_jar = [cookie.name for cookie in cookiejar]
+        for name in cookie_dict:
+            if overwrite or (name not in names_from_jar):
+                cookiejar.set_cookie(create_cookie(name, cookie_dict[name]))
+
+    return cookiejar
+
+
+def merge_cookies(cookiejar, cookies):
+    """Add cookies to cookiejar and returns a merged CookieJar.
+
+    :param cookiejar: CookieJar object to add the cookies to.
+    :param cookies: Dictionary or CookieJar object to be added.
+    :rtype: CookieJar
+    """
+    if not isinstance(cookiejar, cookielib.CookieJar):
+        raise ValueError('You can only merge into CookieJar')
+
+    if isinstance(cookies, dict):
+        cookiejar = cookiejar_from_dict(
+            cookies, cookiejar=cookiejar, overwrite=False)
+    elif isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
+        try:
+            cookiejar.update(cookies)
+        except AttributeError:
+            for cookie_in_jar in cookies:
+                cookiejar.set_cookie(cookie_in_jar)
+
+    return cookiejar
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83b9232
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.exceptions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module contains the set of Requests' exceptions.
+"""
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as BaseHTTPError
+
+from .compat import JSONDecodeError as CompatJSONDecodeError
+
+
+class RequestException(IOError):
+    """There was an ambiguous exception that occurred while handling your
+    request.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Initialize RequestException with `request` and `response` objects."""
+        response = kwargs.pop('response', None)
+        self.response = response
+        self.request = kwargs.pop('request', None)
+        if (response is not None and not self.request and
+                hasattr(response, 'request')):
+            self.request = self.response.request
+        super(RequestException, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class InvalidJSONError(RequestException):
+    """A JSON error occurred."""
+
+
+class JSONDecodeError(InvalidJSONError, CompatJSONDecodeError):
+    """Couldn't decode the text into json"""
+
+
+class HTTPError(RequestException):
+    """An HTTP error occurred."""
+
+
+class ConnectionError(RequestException):
+    """A Connection error occurred."""
+
+
+class ProxyError(ConnectionError):
+    """A proxy error occurred."""
+
+
+class SSLError(ConnectionError):
+    """An SSL error occurred."""
+
+
+class Timeout(RequestException):
+    """The request timed out.
+
+    Catching this error will catch both
+    :exc:`~requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout` and
+    :exc:`~requests.exceptions.ReadTimeout` errors.
+    """
+
+
+class ConnectTimeout(ConnectionError, Timeout):
+    """The request timed out while trying to connect to the remote server.
+
+    Requests that produced this error are safe to retry.
+    """
+
+
+class ReadTimeout(Timeout):
+    """The server did not send any data in the allotted amount of time."""
+
+
+class URLRequired(RequestException):
+    """A valid URL is required to make a request."""
+
+
+class TooManyRedirects(RequestException):
+    """Too many redirects."""
+
+
+class MissingSchema(RequestException, ValueError):
+    """The URL scheme (e.g. http or https) is missing."""
+
+
+class InvalidSchema(RequestException, ValueError):
+    """The URL scheme provided is either invalid or unsupported."""
+
+
+class InvalidURL(RequestException, ValueError):
+    """The URL provided was somehow invalid."""
+
+
+class InvalidHeader(RequestException, ValueError):
+    """The header value provided was somehow invalid."""
+
+
+class InvalidProxyURL(InvalidURL):
+    """The proxy URL provided is invalid."""
+
+
+class ChunkedEncodingError(RequestException):
+    """The server declared chunked encoding but sent an invalid chunk."""
+
+
+class ContentDecodingError(RequestException, BaseHTTPError):
+    """Failed to decode response content."""
+
+
+class StreamConsumedError(RequestException, TypeError):
+    """The content for this response was already consumed."""
+
+
+class RetryError(RequestException):
+    """Custom retries logic failed"""
+
+
+class UnrewindableBodyError(RequestException):
+    """Requests encountered an error when trying to rewind a body."""
+
+# Warnings
+
+
+class RequestsWarning(Warning):
+    """Base warning for Requests."""
+
+
+class FileModeWarning(RequestsWarning, DeprecationWarning):
+    """A file was opened in text mode, but Requests determined its binary length."""
+
+
+class RequestsDependencyWarning(RequestsWarning):
+    """An imported dependency doesn't match the expected version range."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/help.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/help.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..745f0d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/help.py
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+"""Module containing bug report helper(s)."""
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import json
+import platform
+import sys
+import ssl
+
+from pip._vendor import idna
+from pip._vendor import urllib3
+
+from . import __version__ as requests_version
+
+charset_normalizer = None
+
+try:
+    from pip._vendor import chardet
+except ImportError:
+    chardet = None
+
+try:
+    from pip._vendor.urllib3.contrib import pyopenssl
+except ImportError:
+    pyopenssl = None
+    OpenSSL = None
+    cryptography = None
+else:
+    import OpenSSL
+    import cryptography
+
+
+def _implementation():
+    """Return a dict with the Python implementation and version.
+
+    Provide both the name and the version of the Python implementation
+    currently running. For example, on CPython 2.7.5 it will return
+    {'name': 'CPython', 'version': '2.7.5'}.
+
+    This function works best on CPython and PyPy: in particular, it probably
+    doesn't work for Jython or IronPython. Future investigation should be done
+    to work out the correct shape of the code for those platforms.
+    """
+    implementation = platform.python_implementation()
+
+    if implementation == 'CPython':
+        implementation_version = platform.python_version()
+    elif implementation == 'PyPy':
+        implementation_version = '%s.%s.%s' % (sys.pypy_version_info.major,
+                                               sys.pypy_version_info.minor,
+                                               sys.pypy_version_info.micro)
+        if sys.pypy_version_info.releaselevel != 'final':
+            implementation_version = ''.join([
+                implementation_version, sys.pypy_version_info.releaselevel
+            ])
+    elif implementation == 'Jython':
+        implementation_version = platform.python_version()  # Complete Guess
+    elif implementation == 'IronPython':
+        implementation_version = platform.python_version()  # Complete Guess
+    else:
+        implementation_version = 'Unknown'
+
+    return {'name': implementation, 'version': implementation_version}
+
+
+def info():
+    """Generate information for a bug report."""
+    try:
+        platform_info = {
+            'system': platform.system(),
+            'release': platform.release(),
+        }
+    except IOError:
+        platform_info = {
+            'system': 'Unknown',
+            'release': 'Unknown',
+        }
+
+    implementation_info = _implementation()
+    urllib3_info = {'version': urllib3.__version__}
+    charset_normalizer_info = {'version': None}
+    chardet_info = {'version': None}
+    if charset_normalizer:
+        charset_normalizer_info = {'version': charset_normalizer.__version__}
+    if chardet:
+        chardet_info = {'version': chardet.__version__}
+
+    pyopenssl_info = {
+        'version': None,
+        'openssl_version': '',
+    }
+    if OpenSSL:
+        pyopenssl_info = {
+            'version': OpenSSL.__version__,
+            'openssl_version': '%x' % OpenSSL.SSL.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER,
+        }
+    cryptography_info = {
+        'version': getattr(cryptography, '__version__', ''),
+    }
+    idna_info = {
+        'version': getattr(idna, '__version__', ''),
+    }
+
+    system_ssl = ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER
+    system_ssl_info = {
+        'version': '%x' % system_ssl if system_ssl is not None else ''
+    }
+
+    return {
+        'platform': platform_info,
+        'implementation': implementation_info,
+        'system_ssl': system_ssl_info,
+        'using_pyopenssl': pyopenssl is not None,
+        'using_charset_normalizer': chardet is None,
+        'pyOpenSSL': pyopenssl_info,
+        'urllib3': urllib3_info,
+        'chardet': chardet_info,
+        'charset_normalizer': charset_normalizer_info,
+        'cryptography': cryptography_info,
+        'idna': idna_info,
+        'requests': {
+            'version': requests_version,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def main():
+    """Pretty-print the bug information as JSON."""
+    print(json.dumps(info(), sort_keys=True, indent=2))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/hooks.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/hooks.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a51f21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/hooks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.hooks
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module provides the capabilities for the Requests hooks system.
+
+Available hooks:
+
+``response``:
+    The response generated from a Request.
+"""
+HOOKS = ['response']
+
+
+def default_hooks():
+    return {event: [] for event in HOOKS}
+
+# TODO: response is the only one
+
+
+def dispatch_hook(key, hooks, hook_data, **kwargs):
+    """Dispatches a hook dictionary on a given piece of data."""
+    hooks = hooks or {}
+    hooks = hooks.get(key)
+    if hooks:
+        if hasattr(hooks, '__call__'):
+            hooks = [hooks]
+        for hook in hooks:
+            _hook_data = hook(hook_data, **kwargs)
+            if _hook_data is not None:
+                hook_data = _hook_data
+    return hook_data
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/models.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f538c10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,973 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.models
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module contains the primary objects that power Requests.
+"""
+
+import datetime
+import sys
+
+# Import encoding now, to avoid implicit import later.
+# Implicit import within threads may cause LookupError when standard library is in a ZIP,
+# such as in Embedded Python. See https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/3578.
+import encodings.idna
+
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.fields import RequestField
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.filepost import encode_multipart_formdata
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import parse_url
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import (
+    DecodeError, ReadTimeoutError, ProtocolError, LocationParseError)
+
+from io import UnsupportedOperation
+from .hooks import default_hooks
+from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+
+from .auth import HTTPBasicAuth
+from .cookies import cookiejar_from_dict, get_cookie_header, _copy_cookie_jar
+from .exceptions import (
+    HTTPError, MissingSchema, InvalidURL, ChunkedEncodingError,
+    ContentDecodingError, ConnectionError, StreamConsumedError,
+    InvalidJSONError)
+from .exceptions import JSONDecodeError as RequestsJSONDecodeError
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string, unicode_is_ascii
+from .utils import (
+    guess_filename, get_auth_from_url, requote_uri,
+    stream_decode_response_unicode, to_key_val_list, parse_header_links,
+    iter_slices, guess_json_utf, super_len, check_header_validity)
+from .compat import (
+    Callable, Mapping,
+    cookielib, urlunparse, urlsplit, urlencode, str, bytes,
+    is_py2, chardet, builtin_str, basestring, JSONDecodeError)
+from .compat import json as complexjson
+from .status_codes import codes
+
+#: The set of HTTP status codes that indicate an automatically
+#: processable redirect.
+REDIRECT_STATI = (
+    codes.moved,               # 301
+    codes.found,               # 302
+    codes.other,               # 303
+    codes.temporary_redirect,  # 307
+    codes.permanent_redirect,  # 308
+)
+
+DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT = 30
+CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE = 10 * 1024
+ITER_CHUNK_SIZE = 512
+
+
+class RequestEncodingMixin(object):
+    @property
+    def path_url(self):
+        """Build the path URL to use."""
+
+        url = []
+
+        p = urlsplit(self.url)
+
+        path = p.path
+        if not path:
+            path = '/'
+
+        url.append(path)
+
+        query = p.query
+        if query:
+            url.append('?')
+            url.append(query)
+
+        return ''.join(url)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _encode_params(data):
+        """Encode parameters in a piece of data.
+
+        Will successfully encode parameters when passed as a dict or a list of
+        2-tuples. Order is retained if data is a list of 2-tuples but arbitrary
+        if parameters are supplied as a dict.
+        """
+
+        if isinstance(data, (str, bytes)):
+            return data
+        elif hasattr(data, 'read'):
+            return data
+        elif hasattr(data, '__iter__'):
+            result = []
+            for k, vs in to_key_val_list(data):
+                if isinstance(vs, basestring) or not hasattr(vs, '__iter__'):
+                    vs = [vs]
+                for v in vs:
+                    if v is not None:
+                        result.append(
+                            (k.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(k, str) else k,
+                             v.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(v, str) else v))
+            return urlencode(result, doseq=True)
+        else:
+            return data
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _encode_files(files, data):
+        """Build the body for a multipart/form-data request.
+
+        Will successfully encode files when passed as a dict or a list of
+        tuples. Order is retained if data is a list of tuples but arbitrary
+        if parameters are supplied as a dict.
+        The tuples may be 2-tuples (filename, fileobj), 3-tuples (filename, fileobj, contentype)
+        or 4-tuples (filename, fileobj, contentype, custom_headers).
+        """
+        if (not files):
+            raise ValueError("Files must be provided.")
+        elif isinstance(data, basestring):
+            raise ValueError("Data must not be a string.")
+
+        new_fields = []
+        fields = to_key_val_list(data or {})
+        files = to_key_val_list(files or {})
+
+        for field, val in fields:
+            if isinstance(val, basestring) or not hasattr(val, '__iter__'):
+                val = [val]
+            for v in val:
+                if v is not None:
+                    # Don't call str() on bytestrings: in Py3 it all goes wrong.
+                    if not isinstance(v, bytes):
+                        v = str(v)
+
+                    new_fields.append(
+                        (field.decode('utf-8') if isinstance(field, bytes) else field,
+                         v.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(v, str) else v))
+
+        for (k, v) in files:
+            # support for explicit filename
+            ft = None
+            fh = None
+            if isinstance(v, (tuple, list)):
+                if len(v) == 2:
+                    fn, fp = v
+                elif len(v) == 3:
+                    fn, fp, ft = v
+                else:
+                    fn, fp, ft, fh = v
+            else:
+                fn = guess_filename(v) or k
+                fp = v
+
+            if isinstance(fp, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+                fdata = fp
+            elif hasattr(fp, 'read'):
+                fdata = fp.read()
+            elif fp is None:
+                continue
+            else:
+                fdata = fp
+
+            rf = RequestField(name=k, data=fdata, filename=fn, headers=fh)
+            rf.make_multipart(content_type=ft)
+            new_fields.append(rf)
+
+        body, content_type = encode_multipart_formdata(new_fields)
+
+        return body, content_type
+
+
+class RequestHooksMixin(object):
+    def register_hook(self, event, hook):
+        """Properly register a hook."""
+
+        if event not in self.hooks:
+            raise ValueError('Unsupported event specified, with event name "%s"' % (event))
+
+        if isinstance(hook, Callable):
+            self.hooks[event].append(hook)
+        elif hasattr(hook, '__iter__'):
+            self.hooks[event].extend(h for h in hook if isinstance(h, Callable))
+
+    def deregister_hook(self, event, hook):
+        """Deregister a previously registered hook.
+        Returns True if the hook existed, False if not.
+        """
+
+        try:
+            self.hooks[event].remove(hook)
+            return True
+        except ValueError:
+            return False
+
+
+class Request(RequestHooksMixin):
+    """A user-created :class:`Request <Request>` object.
+
+    Used to prepare a :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>`, which is sent to the server.
+
+    :param method: HTTP method to use.
+    :param url: URL to send.
+    :param headers: dictionary of headers to send.
+    :param files: dictionary of {filename: fileobject} files to multipart upload.
+    :param data: the body to attach to the request. If a dictionary or
+        list of tuples ``[(key, value)]`` is provided, form-encoding will
+        take place.
+    :param json: json for the body to attach to the request (if files or data is not specified).
+    :param params: URL parameters to append to the URL. If a dictionary or
+        list of tuples ``[(key, value)]`` is provided, form-encoding will
+        take place.
+    :param auth: Auth handler or (user, pass) tuple.
+    :param cookies: dictionary or CookieJar of cookies to attach to this request.
+    :param hooks: dictionary of callback hooks, for internal usage.
+
+    Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> req = requests.Request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')
+      >>> req.prepare()
+      <PreparedRequest [GET]>
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+            method=None, url=None, headers=None, files=None, data=None,
+            params=None, auth=None, cookies=None, hooks=None, json=None):
+
+        # Default empty dicts for dict params.
+        data = [] if data is None else data
+        files = [] if files is None else files
+        headers = {} if headers is None else headers
+        params = {} if params is None else params
+        hooks = {} if hooks is None else hooks
+
+        self.hooks = default_hooks()
+        for (k, v) in list(hooks.items()):
+            self.register_hook(event=k, hook=v)
+
+        self.method = method
+        self.url = url
+        self.headers = headers
+        self.files = files
+        self.data = data
+        self.json = json
+        self.params = params
+        self.auth = auth
+        self.cookies = cookies
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<Request [%s]>' % (self.method)
+
+    def prepare(self):
+        """Constructs a :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` for transmission and returns it."""
+        p = PreparedRequest()
+        p.prepare(
+            method=self.method,
+            url=self.url,
+            headers=self.headers,
+            files=self.files,
+            data=self.data,
+            json=self.json,
+            params=self.params,
+            auth=self.auth,
+            cookies=self.cookies,
+            hooks=self.hooks,
+        )
+        return p
+
+
+class PreparedRequest(RequestEncodingMixin, RequestHooksMixin):
+    """The fully mutable :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` object,
+    containing the exact bytes that will be sent to the server.
+
+    Instances are generated from a :class:`Request <Request>` object, and
+    should not be instantiated manually; doing so may produce undesirable
+    effects.
+
+    Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> req = requests.Request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')
+      >>> r = req.prepare()
+      >>> r
+      <PreparedRequest [GET]>
+
+      >>> s = requests.Session()
+      >>> s.send(r)
+      <Response [200]>
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        #: HTTP verb to send to the server.
+        self.method = None
+        #: HTTP URL to send the request to.
+        self.url = None
+        #: dictionary of HTTP headers.
+        self.headers = None
+        # The `CookieJar` used to create the Cookie header will be stored here
+        # after prepare_cookies is called
+        self._cookies = None
+        #: request body to send to the server.
+        self.body = None
+        #: dictionary of callback hooks, for internal usage.
+        self.hooks = default_hooks()
+        #: integer denoting starting position of a readable file-like body.
+        self._body_position = None
+
+    def prepare(self,
+            method=None, url=None, headers=None, files=None, data=None,
+            params=None, auth=None, cookies=None, hooks=None, json=None):
+        """Prepares the entire request with the given parameters."""
+
+        self.prepare_method(method)
+        self.prepare_url(url, params)
+        self.prepare_headers(headers)
+        self.prepare_cookies(cookies)
+        self.prepare_body(data, files, json)
+        self.prepare_auth(auth, url)
+
+        # Note that prepare_auth must be last to enable authentication schemes
+        # such as OAuth to work on a fully prepared request.
+
+        # This MUST go after prepare_auth. Authenticators could add a hook
+        self.prepare_hooks(hooks)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<PreparedRequest [%s]>' % (self.method)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        p = PreparedRequest()
+        p.method = self.method
+        p.url = self.url
+        p.headers = self.headers.copy() if self.headers is not None else None
+        p._cookies = _copy_cookie_jar(self._cookies)
+        p.body = self.body
+        p.hooks = self.hooks
+        p._body_position = self._body_position
+        return p
+
+    def prepare_method(self, method):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP method."""
+        self.method = method
+        if self.method is not None:
+            self.method = to_native_string(self.method.upper())
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_idna_encoded_host(host):
+        from pip._vendor import idna
+
+        try:
+            host = idna.encode(host, uts46=True).decode('utf-8')
+        except idna.IDNAError:
+            raise UnicodeError
+        return host
+
+    def prepare_url(self, url, params):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP URL."""
+        #: Accept objects that have string representations.
+        #: We're unable to blindly call unicode/str functions
+        #: as this will include the bytestring indicator (b'')
+        #: on python 3.x.
+        #: https://github.com/psf/requests/pull/2238
+        if isinstance(url, bytes):
+            url = url.decode('utf8')
+        else:
+            url = unicode(url) if is_py2 else str(url)
+
+        # Remove leading whitespaces from url
+        url = url.lstrip()
+
+        # Don't do any URL preparation for non-HTTP schemes like `mailto`,
+        # `data` etc to work around exceptions from `url_parse`, which
+        # handles RFC 3986 only.
+        if ':' in url and not url.lower().startswith('http'):
+            self.url = url
+            return
+
+        # Support for unicode domain names and paths.
+        try:
+            scheme, auth, host, port, path, query, fragment = parse_url(url)
+        except LocationParseError as e:
+            raise InvalidURL(*e.args)
+
+        if not scheme:
+            error = ("Invalid URL {0!r}: No scheme supplied. Perhaps you meant http://{0}?")
+            error = error.format(to_native_string(url, 'utf8'))
+
+            raise MissingSchema(error)
+
+        if not host:
+            raise InvalidURL("Invalid URL %r: No host supplied" % url)
+
+        # In general, we want to try IDNA encoding the hostname if the string contains
+        # non-ASCII characters. This allows users to automatically get the correct IDNA
+        # behaviour. For strings containing only ASCII characters, we need to also verify
+        # it doesn't start with a wildcard (*), before allowing the unencoded hostname.
+        if not unicode_is_ascii(host):
+            try:
+                host = self._get_idna_encoded_host(host)
+            except UnicodeError:
+                raise InvalidURL('URL has an invalid label.')
+        elif host.startswith((u'*', u'.')):
+            raise InvalidURL('URL has an invalid label.')
+
+        # Carefully reconstruct the network location
+        netloc = auth or ''
+        if netloc:
+            netloc += '@'
+        netloc += host
+        if port:
+            netloc += ':' + str(port)
+
+        # Bare domains aren't valid URLs.
+        if not path:
+            path = '/'
+
+        if is_py2:
+            if isinstance(scheme, str):
+                scheme = scheme.encode('utf-8')
+            if isinstance(netloc, str):
+                netloc = netloc.encode('utf-8')
+            if isinstance(path, str):
+                path = path.encode('utf-8')
+            if isinstance(query, str):
+                query = query.encode('utf-8')
+            if isinstance(fragment, str):
+                fragment = fragment.encode('utf-8')
+
+        if isinstance(params, (str, bytes)):
+            params = to_native_string(params)
+
+        enc_params = self._encode_params(params)
+        if enc_params:
+            if query:
+                query = '%s&%s' % (query, enc_params)
+            else:
+                query = enc_params
+
+        url = requote_uri(urlunparse([scheme, netloc, path, None, query, fragment]))
+        self.url = url
+
+    def prepare_headers(self, headers):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP headers."""
+
+        self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
+        if headers:
+            for header in headers.items():
+                # Raise exception on invalid header value.
+                check_header_validity(header)
+                name, value = header
+                self.headers[to_native_string(name)] = value
+
+    def prepare_body(self, data, files, json=None):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP body data."""
+
+        # Check if file, fo, generator, iterator.
+        # If not, run through normal process.
+
+        # Nottin' on you.
+        body = None
+        content_type = None
+
+        if not data and json is not None:
+            # urllib3 requires a bytes-like body. Python 2's json.dumps
+            # provides this natively, but Python 3 gives a Unicode string.
+            content_type = 'application/json'
+
+            try:
+                body = complexjson.dumps(json, allow_nan=False)
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise InvalidJSONError(ve, request=self)
+
+            if not isinstance(body, bytes):
+                body = body.encode('utf-8')
+
+        is_stream = all([
+            hasattr(data, '__iter__'),
+            not isinstance(data, (basestring, list, tuple, Mapping))
+        ])
+
+        if is_stream:
+            try:
+                length = super_len(data)
+            except (TypeError, AttributeError, UnsupportedOperation):
+                length = None
+
+            body = data
+
+            if getattr(body, 'tell', None) is not None:
+                # Record the current file position before reading.
+                # This will allow us to rewind a file in the event
+                # of a redirect.
+                try:
+                    self._body_position = body.tell()
+                except (IOError, OSError):
+                    # This differentiates from None, allowing us to catch
+                    # a failed `tell()` later when trying to rewind the body
+                    self._body_position = object()
+
+            if files:
+                raise NotImplementedError('Streamed bodies and files are mutually exclusive.')
+
+            if length:
+                self.headers['Content-Length'] = builtin_str(length)
+            else:
+                self.headers['Transfer-Encoding'] = 'chunked'
+        else:
+            # Multi-part file uploads.
+            if files:
+                (body, content_type) = self._encode_files(files, data)
+            else:
+                if data:
+                    body = self._encode_params(data)
+                    if isinstance(data, basestring) or hasattr(data, 'read'):
+                        content_type = None
+                    else:
+                        content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+
+            self.prepare_content_length(body)
+
+            # Add content-type if it wasn't explicitly provided.
+            if content_type and ('content-type' not in self.headers):
+                self.headers['Content-Type'] = content_type
+
+        self.body = body
+
+    def prepare_content_length(self, body):
+        """Prepare Content-Length header based on request method and body"""
+        if body is not None:
+            length = super_len(body)
+            if length:
+                # If length exists, set it. Otherwise, we fallback
+                # to Transfer-Encoding: chunked.
+                self.headers['Content-Length'] = builtin_str(length)
+        elif self.method not in ('GET', 'HEAD') and self.headers.get('Content-Length') is None:
+            # Set Content-Length to 0 for methods that can have a body
+            # but don't provide one. (i.e. not GET or HEAD)
+            self.headers['Content-Length'] = '0'
+
+    def prepare_auth(self, auth, url=''):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP auth data."""
+
+        # If no Auth is explicitly provided, extract it from the URL first.
+        if auth is None:
+            url_auth = get_auth_from_url(self.url)
+            auth = url_auth if any(url_auth) else None
+
+        if auth:
+            if isinstance(auth, tuple) and len(auth) == 2:
+                # special-case basic HTTP auth
+                auth = HTTPBasicAuth(*auth)
+
+            # Allow auth to make its changes.
+            r = auth(self)
+
+            # Update self to reflect the auth changes.
+            self.__dict__.update(r.__dict__)
+
+            # Recompute Content-Length
+            self.prepare_content_length(self.body)
+
+    def prepare_cookies(self, cookies):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP cookie data.
+
+        This function eventually generates a ``Cookie`` header from the
+        given cookies using cookielib. Due to cookielib's design, the header
+        will not be regenerated if it already exists, meaning this function
+        can only be called once for the life of the
+        :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` object. Any subsequent calls
+        to ``prepare_cookies`` will have no actual effect, unless the "Cookie"
+        header is removed beforehand.
+        """
+        if isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
+            self._cookies = cookies
+        else:
+            self._cookies = cookiejar_from_dict(cookies)
+
+        cookie_header = get_cookie_header(self._cookies, self)
+        if cookie_header is not None:
+            self.headers['Cookie'] = cookie_header
+
+    def prepare_hooks(self, hooks):
+        """Prepares the given hooks."""
+        # hooks can be passed as None to the prepare method and to this
+        # method. To prevent iterating over None, simply use an empty list
+        # if hooks is False-y
+        hooks = hooks or []
+        for event in hooks:
+            self.register_hook(event, hooks[event])
+
+
+class Response(object):
+    """The :class:`Response <Response>` object, which contains a
+    server's response to an HTTP request.
+    """
+
+    __attrs__ = [
+        '_content', 'status_code', 'headers', 'url', 'history',
+        'encoding', 'reason', 'cookies', 'elapsed', 'request'
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._content = False
+        self._content_consumed = False
+        self._next = None
+
+        #: Integer Code of responded HTTP Status, e.g. 404 or 200.
+        self.status_code = None
+
+        #: Case-insensitive Dictionary of Response Headers.
+        #: For example, ``headers['content-encoding']`` will return the
+        #: value of a ``'Content-Encoding'`` response header.
+        self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
+
+        #: File-like object representation of response (for advanced usage).
+        #: Use of ``raw`` requires that ``stream=True`` be set on the request.
+        #: This requirement does not apply for use internally to Requests.
+        self.raw = None
+
+        #: Final URL location of Response.
+        self.url = None
+
+        #: Encoding to decode with when accessing r.text.
+        self.encoding = None
+
+        #: A list of :class:`Response <Response>` objects from
+        #: the history of the Request. Any redirect responses will end
+        #: up here. The list is sorted from the oldest to the most recent request.
+        self.history = []
+
+        #: Textual reason of responded HTTP Status, e.g. "Not Found" or "OK".
+        self.reason = None
+
+        #: A CookieJar of Cookies the server sent back.
+        self.cookies = cookiejar_from_dict({})
+
+        #: The amount of time elapsed between sending the request
+        #: and the arrival of the response (as a timedelta).
+        #: This property specifically measures the time taken between sending
+        #: the first byte of the request and finishing parsing the headers. It
+        #: is therefore unaffected by consuming the response content or the
+        #: value of the ``stream`` keyword argument.
+        self.elapsed = datetime.timedelta(0)
+
+        #: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` object to which this
+        #: is a response.
+        self.request = None
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args):
+        self.close()
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        # Consume everything; accessing the content attribute makes
+        # sure the content has been fully read.
+        if not self._content_consumed:
+            self.content
+
+        return {attr: getattr(self, attr, None) for attr in self.__attrs__}
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        for name, value in state.items():
+            setattr(self, name, value)
+
+        # pickled objects do not have .raw
+        setattr(self, '_content_consumed', True)
+        setattr(self, 'raw', None)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<Response [%s]>' % (self.status_code)
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        """Returns True if :attr:`status_code` is less than 400.
+
+        This attribute checks if the status code of the response is between
+        400 and 600 to see if there was a client error or a server error. If
+        the status code, is between 200 and 400, this will return True. This
+        is **not** a check to see if the response code is ``200 OK``.
+        """
+        return self.ok
+
+    def __nonzero__(self):
+        """Returns True if :attr:`status_code` is less than 400.
+
+        This attribute checks if the status code of the response is between
+        400 and 600 to see if there was a client error or a server error. If
+        the status code, is between 200 and 400, this will return True. This
+        is **not** a check to see if the response code is ``200 OK``.
+        """
+        return self.ok
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Allows you to use a response as an iterator."""
+        return self.iter_content(128)
+
+    @property
+    def ok(self):
+        """Returns True if :attr:`status_code` is less than 400, False if not.
+
+        This attribute checks if the status code of the response is between
+        400 and 600 to see if there was a client error or a server error. If
+        the status code is between 200 and 400, this will return True. This
+        is **not** a check to see if the response code is ``200 OK``.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.raise_for_status()
+        except HTTPError:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    @property
+    def is_redirect(self):
+        """True if this Response is a well-formed HTTP redirect that could have
+        been processed automatically (by :meth:`Session.resolve_redirects`).
+        """
+        return ('location' in self.headers and self.status_code in REDIRECT_STATI)
+
+    @property
+    def is_permanent_redirect(self):
+        """True if this Response one of the permanent versions of redirect."""
+        return ('location' in self.headers and self.status_code in (codes.moved_permanently, codes.permanent_redirect))
+
+    @property
+    def next(self):
+        """Returns a PreparedRequest for the next request in a redirect chain, if there is one."""
+        return self._next
+
+    @property
+    def apparent_encoding(self):
+        """The apparent encoding, provided by the charset_normalizer or chardet libraries."""
+        return chardet.detect(self.content)['encoding']
+
+    def iter_content(self, chunk_size=1, decode_unicode=False):
+        """Iterates over the response data.  When stream=True is set on the
+        request, this avoids reading the content at once into memory for
+        large responses.  The chunk size is the number of bytes it should
+        read into memory.  This is not necessarily the length of each item
+        returned as decoding can take place.
+
+        chunk_size must be of type int or None. A value of None will
+        function differently depending on the value of `stream`.
+        stream=True will read data as it arrives in whatever size the
+        chunks are received. If stream=False, data is returned as
+        a single chunk.
+
+        If decode_unicode is True, content will be decoded using the best
+        available encoding based on the response.
+        """
+
+        def generate():
+            # Special case for urllib3.
+            if hasattr(self.raw, 'stream'):
+                try:
+                    for chunk in self.raw.stream(chunk_size, decode_content=True):
+                        yield chunk
+                except ProtocolError as e:
+                    raise ChunkedEncodingError(e)
+                except DecodeError as e:
+                    raise ContentDecodingError(e)
+                except ReadTimeoutError as e:
+                    raise ConnectionError(e)
+            else:
+                # Standard file-like object.
+                while True:
+                    chunk = self.raw.read(chunk_size)
+                    if not chunk:
+                        break
+                    yield chunk
+
+            self._content_consumed = True
+
+        if self._content_consumed and isinstance(self._content, bool):
+            raise StreamConsumedError()
+        elif chunk_size is not None and not isinstance(chunk_size, int):
+            raise TypeError("chunk_size must be an int, it is instead a %s." % type(chunk_size))
+        # simulate reading small chunks of the content
+        reused_chunks = iter_slices(self._content, chunk_size)
+
+        stream_chunks = generate()
+
+        chunks = reused_chunks if self._content_consumed else stream_chunks
+
+        if decode_unicode:
+            chunks = stream_decode_response_unicode(chunks, self)
+
+        return chunks
+
+    def iter_lines(self, chunk_size=ITER_CHUNK_SIZE, decode_unicode=False, delimiter=None):
+        """Iterates over the response data, one line at a time.  When
+        stream=True is set on the request, this avoids reading the
+        content at once into memory for large responses.
+
+        .. note:: This method is not reentrant safe.
+        """
+
+        pending = None
+
+        for chunk in self.iter_content(chunk_size=chunk_size, decode_unicode=decode_unicode):
+
+            if pending is not None:
+                chunk = pending + chunk
+
+            if delimiter:
+                lines = chunk.split(delimiter)
+            else:
+                lines = chunk.splitlines()
+
+            if lines and lines[-1] and chunk and lines[-1][-1] == chunk[-1]:
+                pending = lines.pop()
+            else:
+                pending = None
+
+            for line in lines:
+                yield line
+
+        if pending is not None:
+            yield pending
+
+    @property
+    def content(self):
+        """Content of the response, in bytes."""
+
+        if self._content is False:
+            # Read the contents.
+            if self._content_consumed:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    'The content for this response was already consumed')
+
+            if self.status_code == 0 or self.raw is None:
+                self._content = None
+            else:
+                self._content = b''.join(self.iter_content(CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE)) or b''
+
+        self._content_consumed = True
+        # don't need to release the connection; that's been handled by urllib3
+        # since we exhausted the data.
+        return self._content
+
+    @property
+    def text(self):
+        """Content of the response, in unicode.
+
+        If Response.encoding is None, encoding will be guessed using
+        ``charset_normalizer`` or ``chardet``.
+
+        The encoding of the response content is determined based solely on HTTP
+        headers, following RFC 2616 to the letter. If you can take advantage of
+        non-HTTP knowledge to make a better guess at the encoding, you should
+        set ``r.encoding`` appropriately before accessing this property.
+        """
+
+        # Try charset from content-type
+        content = None
+        encoding = self.encoding
+
+        if not self.content:
+            return str('')
+
+        # Fallback to auto-detected encoding.
+        if self.encoding is None:
+            encoding = self.apparent_encoding
+
+        # Decode unicode from given encoding.
+        try:
+            content = str(self.content, encoding, errors='replace')
+        except (LookupError, TypeError):
+            # A LookupError is raised if the encoding was not found which could
+            # indicate a misspelling or similar mistake.
+            #
+            # A TypeError can be raised if encoding is None
+            #
+            # So we try blindly encoding.
+            content = str(self.content, errors='replace')
+
+        return content
+
+    def json(self, **kwargs):
+        r"""Returns the json-encoded content of a response, if any.
+
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``json.loads`` takes.
+        :raises requests.exceptions.JSONDecodeError: If the response body does not
+            contain valid json.
+        """
+
+        if not self.encoding and self.content and len(self.content) > 3:
+            # No encoding set. JSON RFC 4627 section 3 states we should expect
+            # UTF-8, -16 or -32. Detect which one to use; If the detection or
+            # decoding fails, fall back to `self.text` (using charset_normalizer to make
+            # a best guess).
+            encoding = guess_json_utf(self.content)
+            if encoding is not None:
+                try:
+                    return complexjson.loads(
+                        self.content.decode(encoding), **kwargs
+                    )
+                except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                    # Wrong UTF codec detected; usually because it's not UTF-8
+                    # but some other 8-bit codec.  This is an RFC violation,
+                    # and the server didn't bother to tell us what codec *was*
+                    # used.
+                    pass
+
+        try:
+            return complexjson.loads(self.text, **kwargs)
+        except JSONDecodeError as e:
+            # Catch JSON-related errors and raise as requests.JSONDecodeError
+            # This aliases json.JSONDecodeError and simplejson.JSONDecodeError
+            if is_py2: # e is a ValueError
+                raise RequestsJSONDecodeError(e.message)
+            else:
+                raise RequestsJSONDecodeError(e.msg, e.doc, e.pos)
+
+    @property
+    def links(self):
+        """Returns the parsed header links of the response, if any."""
+
+        header = self.headers.get('link')
+
+        # l = MultiDict()
+        l = {}
+
+        if header:
+            links = parse_header_links(header)
+
+            for link in links:
+                key = link.get('rel') or link.get('url')
+                l[key] = link
+
+        return l
+
+    def raise_for_status(self):
+        """Raises :class:`HTTPError`, if one occurred."""
+
+        http_error_msg = ''
+        if isinstance(self.reason, bytes):
+            # We attempt to decode utf-8 first because some servers
+            # choose to localize their reason strings. If the string
+            # isn't utf-8, we fall back to iso-8859-1 for all other
+            # encodings. (See PR #3538)
+            try:
+                reason = self.reason.decode('utf-8')
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                reason = self.reason.decode('iso-8859-1')
+        else:
+            reason = self.reason
+
+        if 400 <= self.status_code < 500:
+            http_error_msg = u'%s Client Error: %s for url: %s' % (self.status_code, reason, self.url)
+
+        elif 500 <= self.status_code < 600:
+            http_error_msg = u'%s Server Error: %s for url: %s' % (self.status_code, reason, self.url)
+
+        if http_error_msg:
+            raise HTTPError(http_error_msg, response=self)
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Releases the connection back to the pool. Once this method has been
+        called the underlying ``raw`` object must not be accessed again.
+
+        *Note: Should not normally need to be called explicitly.*
+        """
+        if not self._content_consumed:
+            self.raw.close()
+
+        release_conn = getattr(self.raw, 'release_conn', None)
+        if release_conn is not None:
+            release_conn()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9582fa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import sys
+
+# This code exists for backwards compatibility reasons.
+# I don't like it either. Just look the other way. :)
+
+for package in ('urllib3', 'idna', 'chardet'):
+    vendored_package = "pip._vendor." + package
+    locals()[package] = __import__(vendored_package)
+    # This traversal is apparently necessary such that the identities are
+    # preserved (requests.packages.urllib3.* is urllib3.*)
+    for mod in list(sys.modules):
+        if mod == vendored_package or mod.startswith(vendored_package + '.'):
+            unprefixed_mod = mod[len("pip._vendor."):]
+            sys.modules['pip._vendor.requests.packages.' + unprefixed_mod] = sys.modules[mod]
+
+# Kinda cool, though, right?
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/sessions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/sessions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f59cab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/sessions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,771 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.sessions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module provides a Session object to manage and persist settings across
+requests (cookies, auth, proxies).
+"""
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+from datetime import timedelta
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from .auth import _basic_auth_str
+from .compat import cookielib, is_py3, urljoin, urlparse, Mapping
+from .cookies import (
+    cookiejar_from_dict, extract_cookies_to_jar, RequestsCookieJar, merge_cookies)
+from .models import Request, PreparedRequest, DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT
+from .hooks import default_hooks, dispatch_hook
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string
+from .utils import to_key_val_list, default_headers, DEFAULT_PORTS
+from .exceptions import (
+    TooManyRedirects, InvalidSchema, ChunkedEncodingError, ContentDecodingError)
+
+from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+from .adapters import HTTPAdapter
+
+from .utils import (
+    requote_uri, get_environ_proxies, get_netrc_auth, should_bypass_proxies,
+    get_auth_from_url, rewind_body, resolve_proxies
+)
+
+from .status_codes import codes
+
+# formerly defined here, reexposed here for backward compatibility
+from .models import REDIRECT_STATI
+
+# Preferred clock, based on which one is more accurate on a given system.
+if sys.platform == 'win32':
+    try:  # Python 3.4+
+        preferred_clock = time.perf_counter
+    except AttributeError:  # Earlier than Python 3.
+        preferred_clock = time.clock
+else:
+    preferred_clock = time.time
+
+
+def merge_setting(request_setting, session_setting, dict_class=OrderedDict):
+    """Determines appropriate setting for a given request, taking into account
+    the explicit setting on that request, and the setting in the session. If a
+    setting is a dictionary, they will be merged together using `dict_class`
+    """
+
+    if session_setting is None:
+        return request_setting
+
+    if request_setting is None:
+        return session_setting
+
+    # Bypass if not a dictionary (e.g. verify)
+    if not (
+            isinstance(session_setting, Mapping) and
+            isinstance(request_setting, Mapping)
+    ):
+        return request_setting
+
+    merged_setting = dict_class(to_key_val_list(session_setting))
+    merged_setting.update(to_key_val_list(request_setting))
+
+    # Remove keys that are set to None. Extract keys first to avoid altering
+    # the dictionary during iteration.
+    none_keys = [k for (k, v) in merged_setting.items() if v is None]
+    for key in none_keys:
+        del merged_setting[key]
+
+    return merged_setting
+
+
+def merge_hooks(request_hooks, session_hooks, dict_class=OrderedDict):
+    """Properly merges both requests and session hooks.
+
+    This is necessary because when request_hooks == {'response': []}, the
+    merge breaks Session hooks entirely.
+    """
+    if session_hooks is None or session_hooks.get('response') == []:
+        return request_hooks
+
+    if request_hooks is None or request_hooks.get('response') == []:
+        return session_hooks
+
+    return merge_setting(request_hooks, session_hooks, dict_class)
+
+
+class SessionRedirectMixin(object):
+
+    def get_redirect_target(self, resp):
+        """Receives a Response. Returns a redirect URI or ``None``"""
+        # Due to the nature of how requests processes redirects this method will
+        # be called at least once upon the original response and at least twice
+        # on each subsequent redirect response (if any).
+        # If a custom mixin is used to handle this logic, it may be advantageous
+        # to cache the redirect location onto the response object as a private
+        # attribute.
+        if resp.is_redirect:
+            location = resp.headers['location']
+            # Currently the underlying http module on py3 decode headers
+            # in latin1, but empirical evidence suggests that latin1 is very
+            # rarely used with non-ASCII characters in HTTP headers.
+            # It is more likely to get UTF8 header rather than latin1.
+            # This causes incorrect handling of UTF8 encoded location headers.
+            # To solve this, we re-encode the location in latin1.
+            if is_py3:
+                location = location.encode('latin1')
+            return to_native_string(location, 'utf8')
+        return None
+
+    def should_strip_auth(self, old_url, new_url):
+        """Decide whether Authorization header should be removed when redirecting"""
+        old_parsed = urlparse(old_url)
+        new_parsed = urlparse(new_url)
+        if old_parsed.hostname != new_parsed.hostname:
+            return True
+        # Special case: allow http -> https redirect when using the standard
+        # ports. This isn't specified by RFC 7235, but is kept to avoid
+        # breaking backwards compatibility with older versions of requests
+        # that allowed any redirects on the same host.
+        if (old_parsed.scheme == 'http' and old_parsed.port in (80, None)
+                and new_parsed.scheme == 'https' and new_parsed.port in (443, None)):
+            return False
+
+        # Handle default port usage corresponding to scheme.
+        changed_port = old_parsed.port != new_parsed.port
+        changed_scheme = old_parsed.scheme != new_parsed.scheme
+        default_port = (DEFAULT_PORTS.get(old_parsed.scheme, None), None)
+        if (not changed_scheme and old_parsed.port in default_port
+                and new_parsed.port in default_port):
+            return False
+
+        # Standard case: root URI must match
+        return changed_port or changed_scheme
+
+    def resolve_redirects(self, resp, req, stream=False, timeout=None,
+                          verify=True, cert=None, proxies=None, yield_requests=False, **adapter_kwargs):
+        """Receives a Response. Returns a generator of Responses or Requests."""
+
+        hist = []  # keep track of history
+
+        url = self.get_redirect_target(resp)
+        previous_fragment = urlparse(req.url).fragment
+        while url:
+            prepared_request = req.copy()
+
+            # Update history and keep track of redirects.
+            # resp.history must ignore the original request in this loop
+            hist.append(resp)
+            resp.history = hist[1:]
+
+            try:
+                resp.content  # Consume socket so it can be released
+            except (ChunkedEncodingError, ContentDecodingError, RuntimeError):
+                resp.raw.read(decode_content=False)
+
+            if len(resp.history) >= self.max_redirects:
+                raise TooManyRedirects('Exceeded {} redirects.'.format(self.max_redirects), response=resp)
+
+            # Release the connection back into the pool.
+            resp.close()
+
+            # Handle redirection without scheme (see: RFC 1808 Section 4)
+            if url.startswith('//'):
+                parsed_rurl = urlparse(resp.url)
+                url = ':'.join([to_native_string(parsed_rurl.scheme), url])
+
+            # Normalize url case and attach previous fragment if needed (RFC 7231 7.1.2)
+            parsed = urlparse(url)
+            if parsed.fragment == '' and previous_fragment:
+                parsed = parsed._replace(fragment=previous_fragment)
+            elif parsed.fragment:
+                previous_fragment = parsed.fragment
+            url = parsed.geturl()
+
+            # Facilitate relative 'location' headers, as allowed by RFC 7231.
+            # (e.g. '/path/to/resource' instead of 'http://domain.tld/path/to/resource')
+            # Compliant with RFC3986, we percent encode the url.
+            if not parsed.netloc:
+                url = urljoin(resp.url, requote_uri(url))
+            else:
+                url = requote_uri(url)
+
+            prepared_request.url = to_native_string(url)
+
+            self.rebuild_method(prepared_request, resp)
+
+            # https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/1084
+            if resp.status_code not in (codes.temporary_redirect, codes.permanent_redirect):
+                # https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/3490
+                purged_headers = ('Content-Length', 'Content-Type', 'Transfer-Encoding')
+                for header in purged_headers:
+                    prepared_request.headers.pop(header, None)
+                prepared_request.body = None
+
+            headers = prepared_request.headers
+            headers.pop('Cookie', None)
+
+            # Extract any cookies sent on the response to the cookiejar
+            # in the new request. Because we've mutated our copied prepared
+            # request, use the old one that we haven't yet touched.
+            extract_cookies_to_jar(prepared_request._cookies, req, resp.raw)
+            merge_cookies(prepared_request._cookies, self.cookies)
+            prepared_request.prepare_cookies(prepared_request._cookies)
+
+            # Rebuild auth and proxy information.
+            proxies = self.rebuild_proxies(prepared_request, proxies)
+            self.rebuild_auth(prepared_request, resp)
+
+            # A failed tell() sets `_body_position` to `object()`. This non-None
+            # value ensures `rewindable` will be True, allowing us to raise an
+            # UnrewindableBodyError, instead of hanging the connection.
+            rewindable = (
+                prepared_request._body_position is not None and
+                ('Content-Length' in headers or 'Transfer-Encoding' in headers)
+            )
+
+            # Attempt to rewind consumed file-like object.
+            if rewindable:
+                rewind_body(prepared_request)
+
+            # Override the original request.
+            req = prepared_request
+
+            if yield_requests:
+                yield req
+            else:
+
+                resp = self.send(
+                    req,
+                    stream=stream,
+                    timeout=timeout,
+                    verify=verify,
+                    cert=cert,
+                    proxies=proxies,
+                    allow_redirects=False,
+                    **adapter_kwargs
+                )
+
+                extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, prepared_request, resp.raw)
+
+                # extract redirect url, if any, for the next loop
+                url = self.get_redirect_target(resp)
+                yield resp
+
+    def rebuild_auth(self, prepared_request, response):
+        """When being redirected we may want to strip authentication from the
+        request to avoid leaking credentials. This method intelligently removes
+        and reapplies authentication where possible to avoid credential loss.
+        """
+        headers = prepared_request.headers
+        url = prepared_request.url
+
+        if 'Authorization' in headers and self.should_strip_auth(response.request.url, url):
+            # If we get redirected to a new host, we should strip out any
+            # authentication headers.
+            del headers['Authorization']
+
+        # .netrc might have more auth for us on our new host.
+        new_auth = get_netrc_auth(url) if self.trust_env else None
+        if new_auth is not None:
+            prepared_request.prepare_auth(new_auth)
+
+    def rebuild_proxies(self, prepared_request, proxies):
+        """This method re-evaluates the proxy configuration by considering the
+        environment variables. If we are redirected to a URL covered by
+        NO_PROXY, we strip the proxy configuration. Otherwise, we set missing
+        proxy keys for this URL (in case they were stripped by a previous
+        redirect).
+
+        This method also replaces the Proxy-Authorization header where
+        necessary.
+
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        headers = prepared_request.headers
+        scheme = urlparse(prepared_request.url).scheme
+        new_proxies = resolve_proxies(prepared_request, proxies, self.trust_env)
+
+        if 'Proxy-Authorization' in headers:
+            del headers['Proxy-Authorization']
+
+        try:
+            username, password = get_auth_from_url(new_proxies[scheme])
+        except KeyError:
+            username, password = None, None
+
+        if username and password:
+            headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(username, password)
+
+        return new_proxies
+
+    def rebuild_method(self, prepared_request, response):
+        """When being redirected we may want to change the method of the request
+        based on certain specs or browser behavior.
+        """
+        method = prepared_request.method
+
+        # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.4.4
+        if response.status_code == codes.see_other and method != 'HEAD':
+            method = 'GET'
+
+        # Do what the browsers do, despite standards...
+        # First, turn 302s into GETs.
+        if response.status_code == codes.found and method != 'HEAD':
+            method = 'GET'
+
+        # Second, if a POST is responded to with a 301, turn it into a GET.
+        # This bizarre behaviour is explained in Issue 1704.
+        if response.status_code == codes.moved and method == 'POST':
+            method = 'GET'
+
+        prepared_request.method = method
+
+
+class Session(SessionRedirectMixin):
+    """A Requests session.
+
+    Provides cookie persistence, connection-pooling, and configuration.
+
+    Basic Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> s = requests.Session()
+      >>> s.get('https://httpbin.org/get')
+      <Response [200]>
+
+    Or as a context manager::
+
+      >>> with requests.Session() as s:
+      ...     s.get('https://httpbin.org/get')
+      <Response [200]>
+    """
+
+    __attrs__ = [
+        'headers', 'cookies', 'auth', 'proxies', 'hooks', 'params', 'verify',
+        'cert', 'adapters', 'stream', 'trust_env',
+        'max_redirects',
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self):
+
+        #: A case-insensitive dictionary of headers to be sent on each
+        #: :class:`Request <Request>` sent from this
+        #: :class:`Session <Session>`.
+        self.headers = default_headers()
+
+        #: Default Authentication tuple or object to attach to
+        #: :class:`Request <Request>`.
+        self.auth = None
+
+        #: Dictionary mapping protocol or protocol and host to the URL of the proxy
+        #: (e.g. {'http': 'foo.bar:3128', 'http://host.name': 'foo.bar:4012'}) to
+        #: be used on each :class:`Request <Request>`.
+        self.proxies = {}
+
+        #: Event-handling hooks.
+        self.hooks = default_hooks()
+
+        #: Dictionary of querystring data to attach to each
+        #: :class:`Request <Request>`. The dictionary values may be lists for
+        #: representing multivalued query parameters.
+        self.params = {}
+
+        #: Stream response content default.
+        self.stream = False
+
+        #: SSL Verification default.
+        #: Defaults to `True`, requiring requests to verify the TLS certificate at the
+        #: remote end.
+        #: If verify is set to `False`, requests will accept any TLS certificate
+        #: presented by the server, and will ignore hostname mismatches and/or
+        #: expired certificates, which will make your application vulnerable to
+        #: man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks.
+        #: Only set this to `False` for testing.
+        self.verify = True
+
+        #: SSL client certificate default, if String, path to ssl client
+        #: cert file (.pem). If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
+        self.cert = None
+
+        #: Maximum number of redirects allowed. If the request exceeds this
+        #: limit, a :class:`TooManyRedirects` exception is raised.
+        #: This defaults to requests.models.DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT, which is
+        #: 30.
+        self.max_redirects = DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT
+
+        #: Trust environment settings for proxy configuration, default
+        #: authentication and similar.
+        self.trust_env = True
+
+        #: A CookieJar containing all currently outstanding cookies set on this
+        #: session. By default it is a
+        #: :class:`RequestsCookieJar <requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar>`, but
+        #: may be any other ``cookielib.CookieJar`` compatible object.
+        self.cookies = cookiejar_from_dict({})
+
+        # Default connection adapters.
+        self.adapters = OrderedDict()
+        self.mount('https://', HTTPAdapter())
+        self.mount('http://', HTTPAdapter())
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args):
+        self.close()
+
+    def prepare_request(self, request):
+        """Constructs a :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` for
+        transmission and returns it. The :class:`PreparedRequest` has settings
+        merged from the :class:`Request <Request>` instance and those of the
+        :class:`Session`.
+
+        :param request: :class:`Request` instance to prepare with this
+            session's settings.
+        :rtype: requests.PreparedRequest
+        """
+        cookies = request.cookies or {}
+
+        # Bootstrap CookieJar.
+        if not isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
+            cookies = cookiejar_from_dict(cookies)
+
+        # Merge with session cookies
+        merged_cookies = merge_cookies(
+            merge_cookies(RequestsCookieJar(), self.cookies), cookies)
+
+        # Set environment's basic authentication if not explicitly set.
+        auth = request.auth
+        if self.trust_env and not auth and not self.auth:
+            auth = get_netrc_auth(request.url)
+
+        p = PreparedRequest()
+        p.prepare(
+            method=request.method.upper(),
+            url=request.url,
+            files=request.files,
+            data=request.data,
+            json=request.json,
+            headers=merge_setting(request.headers, self.headers, dict_class=CaseInsensitiveDict),
+            params=merge_setting(request.params, self.params),
+            auth=merge_setting(auth, self.auth),
+            cookies=merged_cookies,
+            hooks=merge_hooks(request.hooks, self.hooks),
+        )
+        return p
+
+    def request(self, method, url,
+            params=None, data=None, headers=None, cookies=None, files=None,
+            auth=None, timeout=None, allow_redirects=True, proxies=None,
+            hooks=None, stream=None, verify=None, cert=None, json=None):
+        """Constructs a :class:`Request <Request>`, prepares it and sends it.
+        Returns :class:`Response <Response>` object.
+
+        :param method: method for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param params: (optional) Dictionary or bytes to be sent in the query
+            string for the :class:`Request`.
+        :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+            object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param json: (optional) json to send in the body of the
+            :class:`Request`.
+        :param headers: (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with the
+            :class:`Request`.
+        :param cookies: (optional) Dict or CookieJar object to send with the
+            :class:`Request`.
+        :param files: (optional) Dictionary of ``'filename': file-like-objects``
+            for multipart encoding upload.
+        :param auth: (optional) Auth tuple or callable to enable
+            Basic/Digest/Custom HTTP Auth.
+        :param timeout: (optional) How long to wait for the server to send
+            data before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout,
+            read timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
+        :type timeout: float or tuple
+        :param allow_redirects: (optional) Set to True by default.
+        :type allow_redirects: bool
+        :param proxies: (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol or protocol and
+            hostname to the URL of the proxy.
+        :param stream: (optional) whether to immediately download the response
+            content. Defaults to ``False``.
+        :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
+            the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
+            to a CA bundle to use. Defaults to ``True``. When set to
+            ``False``, requests will accept any TLS certificate presented by
+            the server, and will ignore hostname mismatches and/or expired
+            certificates, which will make your application vulnerable to
+            man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks. Setting verify to ``False`` 
+            may be useful during local development or testing.
+        :param cert: (optional) if String, path to ssl client cert file (.pem).
+            If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+        # Create the Request.
+        req = Request(
+            method=method.upper(),
+            url=url,
+            headers=headers,
+            files=files,
+            data=data or {},
+            json=json,
+            params=params or {},
+            auth=auth,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            hooks=hooks,
+        )
+        prep = self.prepare_request(req)
+
+        proxies = proxies or {}
+
+        settings = self.merge_environment_settings(
+            prep.url, proxies, stream, verify, cert
+        )
+
+        # Send the request.
+        send_kwargs = {
+            'timeout': timeout,
+            'allow_redirects': allow_redirects,
+        }
+        send_kwargs.update(settings)
+        resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
+
+        return resp
+
+    def get(self, url, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a GET request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
+        return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
+
+    def options(self, url, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a OPTIONS request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
+        return self.request('OPTIONS', url, **kwargs)
+
+    def head(self, url, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a HEAD request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', False)
+        return self.request('HEAD', url, **kwargs)
+
+    def post(self, url, data=None, json=None, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a POST request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+            object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param json: (optional) json to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        return self.request('POST', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
+
+    def put(self, url, data=None, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a PUT request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+            object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        return self.request('PUT', url, data=data, **kwargs)
+
+    def patch(self, url, data=None, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a PATCH request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+            object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        return self.request('PATCH', url, data=data, **kwargs)
+
+    def delete(self, url, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a DELETE request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        return self.request('DELETE', url, **kwargs)
+
+    def send(self, request, **kwargs):
+        """Send a given PreparedRequest.
+
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+        # Set defaults that the hooks can utilize to ensure they always have
+        # the correct parameters to reproduce the previous request.
+        kwargs.setdefault('stream', self.stream)
+        kwargs.setdefault('verify', self.verify)
+        kwargs.setdefault('cert', self.cert)
+        if 'proxies' not in kwargs:
+            kwargs['proxies'] = resolve_proxies(
+                request, self.proxies, self.trust_env
+            )
+
+        # It's possible that users might accidentally send a Request object.
+        # Guard against that specific failure case.
+        if isinstance(request, Request):
+            raise ValueError('You can only send PreparedRequests.')
+
+        # Set up variables needed for resolve_redirects and dispatching of hooks
+        allow_redirects = kwargs.pop('allow_redirects', True)
+        stream = kwargs.get('stream')
+        hooks = request.hooks
+
+        # Get the appropriate adapter to use
+        adapter = self.get_adapter(url=request.url)
+
+        # Start time (approximately) of the request
+        start = preferred_clock()
+
+        # Send the request
+        r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
+
+        # Total elapsed time of the request (approximately)
+        elapsed = preferred_clock() - start
+        r.elapsed = timedelta(seconds=elapsed)
+
+        # Response manipulation hooks
+        r = dispatch_hook('response', hooks, r, **kwargs)
+
+        # Persist cookies
+        if r.history:
+
+            # If the hooks create history then we want those cookies too
+            for resp in r.history:
+                extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, resp.request, resp.raw)
+
+        extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, request, r.raw)
+
+        # Resolve redirects if allowed.
+        if allow_redirects:
+            # Redirect resolving generator.
+            gen = self.resolve_redirects(r, request, **kwargs)
+            history = [resp for resp in gen]
+        else:
+            history = []
+
+        # Shuffle things around if there's history.
+        if history:
+            # Insert the first (original) request at the start
+            history.insert(0, r)
+            # Get the last request made
+            r = history.pop()
+            r.history = history
+
+        # If redirects aren't being followed, store the response on the Request for Response.next().
+        if not allow_redirects:
+            try:
+                r._next = next(self.resolve_redirects(r, request, yield_requests=True, **kwargs))
+            except StopIteration:
+                pass
+
+        if not stream:
+            r.content
+
+        return r
+
+    def merge_environment_settings(self, url, proxies, stream, verify, cert):
+        """
+        Check the environment and merge it with some settings.
+
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        # Gather clues from the surrounding environment.
+        if self.trust_env:
+            # Set environment's proxies.
+            no_proxy = proxies.get('no_proxy') if proxies is not None else None
+            env_proxies = get_environ_proxies(url, no_proxy=no_proxy)
+            for (k, v) in env_proxies.items():
+                proxies.setdefault(k, v)
+
+            # Look for requests environment configuration and be compatible
+            # with cURL.
+            if verify is True or verify is None:
+                verify = (os.environ.get('REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE') or
+                          os.environ.get('CURL_CA_BUNDLE'))
+
+        # Merge all the kwargs.
+        proxies = merge_setting(proxies, self.proxies)
+        stream = merge_setting(stream, self.stream)
+        verify = merge_setting(verify, self.verify)
+        cert = merge_setting(cert, self.cert)
+
+        return {'verify': verify, 'proxies': proxies, 'stream': stream,
+                'cert': cert}
+
+    def get_adapter(self, url):
+        """
+        Returns the appropriate connection adapter for the given URL.
+
+        :rtype: requests.adapters.BaseAdapter
+        """
+        for (prefix, adapter) in self.adapters.items():
+
+            if url.lower().startswith(prefix.lower()):
+                return adapter
+
+        # Nothing matches :-/
+        raise InvalidSchema("No connection adapters were found for {!r}".format(url))
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Closes all adapters and as such the session"""
+        for v in self.adapters.values():
+            v.close()
+
+    def mount(self, prefix, adapter):
+        """Registers a connection adapter to a prefix.
+
+        Adapters are sorted in descending order by prefix length.
+        """
+        self.adapters[prefix] = adapter
+        keys_to_move = [k for k in self.adapters if len(k) < len(prefix)]
+
+        for key in keys_to_move:
+            self.adapters[key] = self.adapters.pop(key)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        state = {attr: getattr(self, attr, None) for attr in self.__attrs__}
+        return state
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        for attr, value in state.items():
+            setattr(self, attr, value)
+
+
+def session():
+    """
+    Returns a :class:`Session` for context-management.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 1.0.0
+
+        This method has been deprecated since version 1.0.0 and is only kept for
+        backwards compatibility. New code should use :class:`~requests.sessions.Session`
+        to create a session. This may be removed at a future date.
+
+    :rtype: Session
+    """
+    return Session()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/status_codes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/status_codes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d80a7cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/status_codes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+r"""
+The ``codes`` object defines a mapping from common names for HTTP statuses
+to their numerical codes, accessible either as attributes or as dictionary
+items.
+
+Example::
+
+    >>> import requests
+    >>> requests.codes['temporary_redirect']
+    307
+    >>> requests.codes.teapot
+    418
+    >>> requests.codes['\o/']
+    200
+
+Some codes have multiple names, and both upper- and lower-case versions of
+the names are allowed. For example, ``codes.ok``, ``codes.OK``, and
+``codes.okay`` all correspond to the HTTP status code 200.
+"""
+
+from .structures import LookupDict
+
+_codes = {
+
+    # Informational.
+    100: ('continue',),
+    101: ('switching_protocols',),
+    102: ('processing',),
+    103: ('checkpoint',),
+    122: ('uri_too_long', 'request_uri_too_long'),
+    200: ('ok', 'okay', 'all_ok', 'all_okay', 'all_good', '\\o/', '✓'),
+    201: ('created',),
+    202: ('accepted',),
+    203: ('non_authoritative_info', 'non_authoritative_information'),
+    204: ('no_content',),
+    205: ('reset_content', 'reset'),
+    206: ('partial_content', 'partial'),
+    207: ('multi_status', 'multiple_status', 'multi_stati', 'multiple_stati'),
+    208: ('already_reported',),
+    226: ('im_used',),
+
+    # Redirection.
+    300: ('multiple_choices',),
+    301: ('moved_permanently', 'moved', '\\o-'),
+    302: ('found',),
+    303: ('see_other', 'other'),
+    304: ('not_modified',),
+    305: ('use_proxy',),
+    306: ('switch_proxy',),
+    307: ('temporary_redirect', 'temporary_moved', 'temporary'),
+    308: ('permanent_redirect',
+          'resume_incomplete', 'resume',),  # These 2 to be removed in 3.0
+
+    # Client Error.
+    400: ('bad_request', 'bad'),
+    401: ('unauthorized',),
+    402: ('payment_required', 'payment'),
+    403: ('forbidden',),
+    404: ('not_found', '-o-'),
+    405: ('method_not_allowed', 'not_allowed'),
+    406: ('not_acceptable',),
+    407: ('proxy_authentication_required', 'proxy_auth', 'proxy_authentication'),
+    408: ('request_timeout', 'timeout'),
+    409: ('conflict',),
+    410: ('gone',),
+    411: ('length_required',),
+    412: ('precondition_failed', 'precondition'),
+    413: ('request_entity_too_large',),
+    414: ('request_uri_too_large',),
+    415: ('unsupported_media_type', 'unsupported_media', 'media_type'),
+    416: ('requested_range_not_satisfiable', 'requested_range', 'range_not_satisfiable'),
+    417: ('expectation_failed',),
+    418: ('im_a_teapot', 'teapot', 'i_am_a_teapot'),
+    421: ('misdirected_request',),
+    422: ('unprocessable_entity', 'unprocessable'),
+    423: ('locked',),
+    424: ('failed_dependency', 'dependency'),
+    425: ('unordered_collection', 'unordered'),
+    426: ('upgrade_required', 'upgrade'),
+    428: ('precondition_required', 'precondition'),
+    429: ('too_many_requests', 'too_many'),
+    431: ('header_fields_too_large', 'fields_too_large'),
+    444: ('no_response', 'none'),
+    449: ('retry_with', 'retry'),
+    450: ('blocked_by_windows_parental_controls', 'parental_controls'),
+    451: ('unavailable_for_legal_reasons', 'legal_reasons'),
+    499: ('client_closed_request',),
+
+    # Server Error.
+    500: ('internal_server_error', 'server_error', '/o\\', '✗'),
+    501: ('not_implemented',),
+    502: ('bad_gateway',),
+    503: ('service_unavailable', 'unavailable'),
+    504: ('gateway_timeout',),
+    505: ('http_version_not_supported', 'http_version'),
+    506: ('variant_also_negotiates',),
+    507: ('insufficient_storage',),
+    509: ('bandwidth_limit_exceeded', 'bandwidth'),
+    510: ('not_extended',),
+    511: ('network_authentication_required', 'network_auth', 'network_authentication'),
+}
+
+codes = LookupDict(name='status_codes')
+
+def _init():
+    for code, titles in _codes.items():
+        for title in titles:
+            setattr(codes, title, code)
+            if not title.startswith(('\\', '/')):
+                setattr(codes, title.upper(), code)
+
+    def doc(code):
+        names = ', '.join('``%s``' % n for n in _codes[code])
+        return '* %d: %s' % (code, names)
+
+    global __doc__
+    __doc__ = (__doc__ + '\n' +
+               '\n'.join(doc(code) for code in sorted(_codes))
+               if __doc__ is not None else None)
+
+_init()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/structures.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/structures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ee0ba7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/structures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.structures
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Data structures that power Requests.
+"""
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from .compat import Mapping, MutableMapping
+
+
+class CaseInsensitiveDict(MutableMapping):
+    """A case-insensitive ``dict``-like object.
+
+    Implements all methods and operations of
+    ``MutableMapping`` as well as dict's ``copy``. Also
+    provides ``lower_items``.
+
+    All keys are expected to be strings. The structure remembers the
+    case of the last key to be set, and ``iter(instance)``,
+    ``keys()``, ``items()``, ``iterkeys()``, and ``iteritems()``
+    will contain case-sensitive keys. However, querying and contains
+    testing is case insensitive::
+
+        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict()
+        cid['Accept'] = 'application/json'
+        cid['aCCEPT'] == 'application/json'  # True
+        list(cid) == ['Accept']  # True
+
+    For example, ``headers['content-encoding']`` will return the
+    value of a ``'Content-Encoding'`` response header, regardless
+    of how the header name was originally stored.
+
+    If the constructor, ``.update``, or equality comparison
+    operations are given keys that have equal ``.lower()``s, the
+    behavior is undefined.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, data=None, **kwargs):
+        self._store = OrderedDict()
+        if data is None:
+            data = {}
+        self.update(data, **kwargs)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        # Use the lowercased key for lookups, but store the actual
+        # key alongside the value.
+        self._store[key.lower()] = (key, value)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return self._store[key.lower()][1]
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        del self._store[key.lower()]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return (casedkey for casedkey, mappedvalue in self._store.values())
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._store)
+
+    def lower_items(self):
+        """Like iteritems(), but with all lowercase keys."""
+        return (
+            (lowerkey, keyval[1])
+            for (lowerkey, keyval)
+            in self._store.items()
+        )
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, Mapping):
+            other = CaseInsensitiveDict(other)
+        else:
+            return NotImplemented
+        # Compare insensitively
+        return dict(self.lower_items()) == dict(other.lower_items())
+
+    # Copy is required
+    def copy(self):
+        return CaseInsensitiveDict(self._store.values())
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(dict(self.items()))
+
+
+class LookupDict(dict):
+    """Dictionary lookup object."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name=None):
+        self.name = name
+        super(LookupDict, self).__init__()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<lookup \'%s\'>' % (self.name)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        # We allow fall-through here, so values default to None
+
+        return self.__dict__.get(key, None)
+
+    def get(self, key, default=None):
+        return self.__dict__.get(key, default)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e5857a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1060 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.utils
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module provides utility functions that are used within Requests
+that are also useful for external consumption.
+"""
+
+import codecs
+import contextlib
+import io
+import os
+import re
+import socket
+import struct
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import warnings
+import zipfile
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import make_headers
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import parse_url
+
+from .__version__ import __version__
+from . import certs
+# to_native_string is unused here, but imported here for backwards compatibility
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string
+from .compat import parse_http_list as _parse_list_header
+from .compat import (
+    quote, urlparse, bytes, str, unquote, getproxies,
+    proxy_bypass, urlunparse, basestring, integer_types, is_py3,
+    proxy_bypass_environment, getproxies_environment, Mapping)
+from .cookies import cookiejar_from_dict
+from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+from .exceptions import (
+    InvalidURL, InvalidHeader, FileModeWarning, UnrewindableBodyError)
+
+NETRC_FILES = ('.netrc', '_netrc')
+
+DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH = certs.where()
+
+DEFAULT_PORTS = {'http': 80, 'https': 443}
+
+# Ensure that ', ' is used to preserve previous delimiter behavior.
+DEFAULT_ACCEPT_ENCODING = ", ".join(
+    re.split(r",\s*", make_headers(accept_encoding=True)["accept-encoding"])
+)
+
+
+if sys.platform == 'win32':
+    # provide a proxy_bypass version on Windows without DNS lookups
+
+    def proxy_bypass_registry(host):
+        try:
+            if is_py3:
+                import winreg
+            else:
+                import _winreg as winreg
+        except ImportError:
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            internetSettings = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+                r'Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings')
+            # ProxyEnable could be REG_SZ or REG_DWORD, normalizing it
+            proxyEnable = int(winreg.QueryValueEx(internetSettings,
+                                              'ProxyEnable')[0])
+            # ProxyOverride is almost always a string
+            proxyOverride = winreg.QueryValueEx(internetSettings,
+                                                'ProxyOverride')[0]
+        except OSError:
+            return False
+        if not proxyEnable or not proxyOverride:
+            return False
+
+        # make a check value list from the registry entry: replace the
+        # '<local>' string by the localhost entry and the corresponding
+        # canonical entry.
+        proxyOverride = proxyOverride.split(';')
+        # now check if we match one of the registry values.
+        for test in proxyOverride:
+            if test == '<local>':
+                if '.' not in host:
+                    return True
+            test = test.replace(".", r"\.")     # mask dots
+            test = test.replace("*", r".*")     # change glob sequence
+            test = test.replace("?", r".")      # change glob char
+            if re.match(test, host, re.I):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def proxy_bypass(host):  # noqa
+        """Return True, if the host should be bypassed.
+
+        Checks proxy settings gathered from the environment, if specified,
+        or the registry.
+        """
+        if getproxies_environment():
+            return proxy_bypass_environment(host)
+        else:
+            return proxy_bypass_registry(host)
+
+
+def dict_to_sequence(d):
+    """Returns an internal sequence dictionary update."""
+
+    if hasattr(d, 'items'):
+        d = d.items()
+
+    return d
+
+
+def super_len(o):
+    total_length = None
+    current_position = 0
+
+    if hasattr(o, '__len__'):
+        total_length = len(o)
+
+    elif hasattr(o, 'len'):
+        total_length = o.len
+
+    elif hasattr(o, 'fileno'):
+        try:
+            fileno = o.fileno()
+        except (io.UnsupportedOperation, AttributeError):
+            # AttributeError is a surprising exception, seeing as how we've just checked
+            # that `hasattr(o, 'fileno')`.  It happens for objects obtained via
+            # `Tarfile.extractfile()`, per issue 5229.
+            pass
+        else:
+            total_length = os.fstat(fileno).st_size
+
+            # Having used fstat to determine the file length, we need to
+            # confirm that this file was opened up in binary mode.
+            if 'b' not in o.mode:
+                warnings.warn((
+                    "Requests has determined the content-length for this "
+                    "request using the binary size of the file: however, the "
+                    "file has been opened in text mode (i.e. without the 'b' "
+                    "flag in the mode). This may lead to an incorrect "
+                    "content-length. In Requests 3.0, support will be removed "
+                    "for files in text mode."),
+                    FileModeWarning
+                )
+
+    if hasattr(o, 'tell'):
+        try:
+            current_position = o.tell()
+        except (OSError, IOError):
+            # This can happen in some weird situations, such as when the file
+            # is actually a special file descriptor like stdin. In this
+            # instance, we don't know what the length is, so set it to zero and
+            # let requests chunk it instead.
+            if total_length is not None:
+                current_position = total_length
+        else:
+            if hasattr(o, 'seek') and total_length is None:
+                # StringIO and BytesIO have seek but no usable fileno
+                try:
+                    # seek to end of file
+                    o.seek(0, 2)
+                    total_length = o.tell()
+
+                    # seek back to current position to support
+                    # partially read file-like objects
+                    o.seek(current_position or 0)
+                except (OSError, IOError):
+                    total_length = 0
+
+    if total_length is None:
+        total_length = 0
+
+    return max(0, total_length - current_position)
+
+
+def get_netrc_auth(url, raise_errors=False):
+    """Returns the Requests tuple auth for a given url from netrc."""
+
+    netrc_file = os.environ.get('NETRC')
+    if netrc_file is not None:
+        netrc_locations = (netrc_file,)
+    else:
+        netrc_locations = ('~/{}'.format(f) for f in NETRC_FILES)
+
+    try:
+        from netrc import netrc, NetrcParseError
+
+        netrc_path = None
+
+        for f in netrc_locations:
+            try:
+                loc = os.path.expanduser(f)
+            except KeyError:
+                # os.path.expanduser can fail when $HOME is undefined and
+                # getpwuid fails. See https://bugs.python.org/issue20164 &
+                # https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/1846
+                return
+
+            if os.path.exists(loc):
+                netrc_path = loc
+                break
+
+        # Abort early if there isn't one.
+        if netrc_path is None:
+            return
+
+        ri = urlparse(url)
+
+        # Strip port numbers from netloc. This weird `if...encode`` dance is
+        # used for Python 3.2, which doesn't support unicode literals.
+        splitstr = b':'
+        if isinstance(url, str):
+            splitstr = splitstr.decode('ascii')
+        host = ri.netloc.split(splitstr)[0]
+
+        try:
+            _netrc = netrc(netrc_path).authenticators(host)
+            if _netrc:
+                # Return with login / password
+                login_i = (0 if _netrc[0] else 1)
+                return (_netrc[login_i], _netrc[2])
+        except (NetrcParseError, IOError):
+            # If there was a parsing error or a permissions issue reading the file,
+            # we'll just skip netrc auth unless explicitly asked to raise errors.
+            if raise_errors:
+                raise
+
+    # App Engine hackiness.
+    except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+        pass
+
+
+def guess_filename(obj):
+    """Tries to guess the filename of the given object."""
+    name = getattr(obj, 'name', None)
+    if (name and isinstance(name, basestring) and name[0] != '<' and
+            name[-1] != '>'):
+        return os.path.basename(name)
+
+
+def extract_zipped_paths(path):
+    """Replace nonexistent paths that look like they refer to a member of a zip
+    archive with the location of an extracted copy of the target, or else
+    just return the provided path unchanged.
+    """
+    if os.path.exists(path):
+        # this is already a valid path, no need to do anything further
+        return path
+
+    # find the first valid part of the provided path and treat that as a zip archive
+    # assume the rest of the path is the name of a member in the archive
+    archive, member = os.path.split(path)
+    while archive and not os.path.exists(archive):
+        archive, prefix = os.path.split(archive)
+        if not prefix:
+            # If we don't check for an empty prefix after the split (in other words, archive remains unchanged after the split),
+            # we _can_ end up in an infinite loop on a rare corner case affecting a small number of users
+            break
+        member = '/'.join([prefix, member])
+
+    if not zipfile.is_zipfile(archive):
+        return path
+
+    zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(archive)
+    if member not in zip_file.namelist():
+        return path
+
+    # we have a valid zip archive and a valid member of that archive
+    tmp = tempfile.gettempdir()
+    extracted_path = os.path.join(tmp, member.split('/')[-1])
+    if not os.path.exists(extracted_path):
+        # use read + write to avoid the creating nested folders, we only want the file, avoids mkdir racing condition
+        with atomic_open(extracted_path) as file_handler:
+            file_handler.write(zip_file.read(member))
+    return extracted_path
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def atomic_open(filename):
+    """Write a file to the disk in an atomic fashion"""
+    replacer = os.rename if sys.version_info[0] == 2 else os.replace
+    tmp_descriptor, tmp_name = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=os.path.dirname(filename))
+    try:
+        with os.fdopen(tmp_descriptor, 'wb') as tmp_handler:
+            yield tmp_handler
+        replacer(tmp_name, filename)
+    except BaseException:
+        os.remove(tmp_name)
+        raise
+
+
+def from_key_val_list(value):
+    """Take an object and test to see if it can be represented as a
+    dictionary. Unless it can not be represented as such, return an
+    OrderedDict, e.g.,
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> from_key_val_list([('key', 'val')])
+        OrderedDict([('key', 'val')])
+        >>> from_key_val_list('string')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples
+        >>> from_key_val_list({'key': 'val'})
+        OrderedDict([('key', 'val')])
+
+    :rtype: OrderedDict
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+
+    if isinstance(value, (str, bytes, bool, int)):
+        raise ValueError('cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples')
+
+    return OrderedDict(value)
+
+
+def to_key_val_list(value):
+    """Take an object and test to see if it can be represented as a
+    dictionary. If it can be, return a list of tuples, e.g.,
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> to_key_val_list([('key', 'val')])
+        [('key', 'val')]
+        >>> to_key_val_list({'key': 'val'})
+        [('key', 'val')]
+        >>> to_key_val_list('string')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples
+
+    :rtype: list
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+
+    if isinstance(value, (str, bytes, bool, int)):
+        raise ValueError('cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples')
+
+    if isinstance(value, Mapping):
+        value = value.items()
+
+    return list(value)
+
+
+# From mitsuhiko/werkzeug (used with permission).
+def parse_list_header(value):
+    """Parse lists as described by RFC 2068 Section 2.
+
+    In particular, parse comma-separated lists where the elements of
+    the list may include quoted-strings.  A quoted-string could
+    contain a comma.  A non-quoted string could have quotes in the
+    middle.  Quotes are removed automatically after parsing.
+
+    It basically works like :func:`parse_set_header` just that items
+    may appear multiple times and case sensitivity is preserved.
+
+    The return value is a standard :class:`list`:
+
+    >>> parse_list_header('token, "quoted value"')
+    ['token', 'quoted value']
+
+    To create a header from the :class:`list` again, use the
+    :func:`dump_header` function.
+
+    :param value: a string with a list header.
+    :return: :class:`list`
+    :rtype: list
+    """
+    result = []
+    for item in _parse_list_header(value):
+        if item[:1] == item[-1:] == '"':
+            item = unquote_header_value(item[1:-1])
+        result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+# From mitsuhiko/werkzeug (used with permission).
+def parse_dict_header(value):
+    """Parse lists of key, value pairs as described by RFC 2068 Section 2 and
+    convert them into a python dict:
+
+    >>> d = parse_dict_header('foo="is a fish", bar="as well"')
+    >>> type(d) is dict
+    True
+    >>> sorted(d.items())
+    [('bar', 'as well'), ('foo', 'is a fish')]
+
+    If there is no value for a key it will be `None`:
+
+    >>> parse_dict_header('key_without_value')
+    {'key_without_value': None}
+
+    To create a header from the :class:`dict` again, use the
+    :func:`dump_header` function.
+
+    :param value: a string with a dict header.
+    :return: :class:`dict`
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    result = {}
+    for item in _parse_list_header(value):
+        if '=' not in item:
+            result[item] = None
+            continue
+        name, value = item.split('=', 1)
+        if value[:1] == value[-1:] == '"':
+            value = unquote_header_value(value[1:-1])
+        result[name] = value
+    return result
+
+
+# From mitsuhiko/werkzeug (used with permission).
+def unquote_header_value(value, is_filename=False):
+    r"""Unquotes a header value.  (Reversal of :func:`quote_header_value`).
+    This does not use the real unquoting but what browsers are actually
+    using for quoting.
+
+    :param value: the header value to unquote.
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    if value and value[0] == value[-1] == '"':
+        # this is not the real unquoting, but fixing this so that the
+        # RFC is met will result in bugs with internet explorer and
+        # probably some other browsers as well.  IE for example is
+        # uploading files with "C:\foo\bar.txt" as filename
+        value = value[1:-1]
+
+        # if this is a filename and the starting characters look like
+        # a UNC path, then just return the value without quotes.  Using the
+        # replace sequence below on a UNC path has the effect of turning
+        # the leading double slash into a single slash and then
+        # _fix_ie_filename() doesn't work correctly.  See #458.
+        if not is_filename or value[:2] != '\\\\':
+            return value.replace('\\\\', '\\').replace('\\"', '"')
+    return value
+
+
+def dict_from_cookiejar(cj):
+    """Returns a key/value dictionary from a CookieJar.
+
+    :param cj: CookieJar object to extract cookies from.
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+
+    cookie_dict = {}
+
+    for cookie in cj:
+        cookie_dict[cookie.name] = cookie.value
+
+    return cookie_dict
+
+
+def add_dict_to_cookiejar(cj, cookie_dict):
+    """Returns a CookieJar from a key/value dictionary.
+
+    :param cj: CookieJar to insert cookies into.
+    :param cookie_dict: Dict of key/values to insert into CookieJar.
+    :rtype: CookieJar
+    """
+
+    return cookiejar_from_dict(cookie_dict, cj)
+
+
+def get_encodings_from_content(content):
+    """Returns encodings from given content string.
+
+    :param content: bytestring to extract encodings from.
+    """
+    warnings.warn((
+        'In requests 3.0, get_encodings_from_content will be removed. For '
+        'more information, please see the discussion on issue #2266. (This'
+        ' warning should only appear once.)'),
+        DeprecationWarning)
+
+    charset_re = re.compile(r'<meta.*?charset=["\']*(.+?)["\'>]', flags=re.I)
+    pragma_re = re.compile(r'<meta.*?content=["\']*;?charset=(.+?)["\'>]', flags=re.I)
+    xml_re = re.compile(r'^<\?xml.*?encoding=["\']*(.+?)["\'>]')
+
+    return (charset_re.findall(content) +
+            pragma_re.findall(content) +
+            xml_re.findall(content))
+
+
+def _parse_content_type_header(header):
+    """Returns content type and parameters from given header
+
+    :param header: string
+    :return: tuple containing content type and dictionary of
+         parameters
+    """
+
+    tokens = header.split(';')
+    content_type, params = tokens[0].strip(), tokens[1:]
+    params_dict = {}
+    items_to_strip = "\"' "
+
+    for param in params:
+        param = param.strip()
+        if param:
+            key, value = param, True
+            index_of_equals = param.find("=")
+            if index_of_equals != -1:
+                key = param[:index_of_equals].strip(items_to_strip)
+                value = param[index_of_equals + 1:].strip(items_to_strip)
+            params_dict[key.lower()] = value
+    return content_type, params_dict
+
+
+def get_encoding_from_headers(headers):
+    """Returns encodings from given HTTP Header Dict.
+
+    :param headers: dictionary to extract encoding from.
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+
+    content_type = headers.get('content-type')
+
+    if not content_type:
+        return None
+
+    content_type, params = _parse_content_type_header(content_type)
+
+    if 'charset' in params:
+        return params['charset'].strip("'\"")
+
+    if 'text' in content_type:
+        return 'ISO-8859-1'
+
+    if 'application/json' in content_type:
+        # Assume UTF-8 based on RFC 4627: https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4627.txt since the charset was unset
+        return 'utf-8'
+
+
+def stream_decode_response_unicode(iterator, r):
+    """Stream decodes a iterator."""
+
+    if r.encoding is None:
+        for item in iterator:
+            yield item
+        return
+
+    decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(r.encoding)(errors='replace')
+    for chunk in iterator:
+        rv = decoder.decode(chunk)
+        if rv:
+            yield rv
+    rv = decoder.decode(b'', final=True)
+    if rv:
+        yield rv
+
+
+def iter_slices(string, slice_length):
+    """Iterate over slices of a string."""
+    pos = 0
+    if slice_length is None or slice_length <= 0:
+        slice_length = len(string)
+    while pos < len(string):
+        yield string[pos:pos + slice_length]
+        pos += slice_length
+
+
+def get_unicode_from_response(r):
+    """Returns the requested content back in unicode.
+
+    :param r: Response object to get unicode content from.
+
+    Tried:
+
+    1. charset from content-type
+    2. fall back and replace all unicode characters
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    warnings.warn((
+        'In requests 3.0, get_unicode_from_response will be removed. For '
+        'more information, please see the discussion on issue #2266. (This'
+        ' warning should only appear once.)'),
+        DeprecationWarning)
+
+    tried_encodings = []
+
+    # Try charset from content-type
+    encoding = get_encoding_from_headers(r.headers)
+
+    if encoding:
+        try:
+            return str(r.content, encoding)
+        except UnicodeError:
+            tried_encodings.append(encoding)
+
+    # Fall back:
+    try:
+        return str(r.content, encoding, errors='replace')
+    except TypeError:
+        return r.content
+
+
+# The unreserved URI characters (RFC 3986)
+UNRESERVED_SET = frozenset(
+    "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" + "0123456789-._~")
+
+
+def unquote_unreserved(uri):
+    """Un-escape any percent-escape sequences in a URI that are unreserved
+    characters. This leaves all reserved, illegal and non-ASCII bytes encoded.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    parts = uri.split('%')
+    for i in range(1, len(parts)):
+        h = parts[i][0:2]
+        if len(h) == 2 and h.isalnum():
+            try:
+                c = chr(int(h, 16))
+            except ValueError:
+                raise InvalidURL("Invalid percent-escape sequence: '%s'" % h)
+
+            if c in UNRESERVED_SET:
+                parts[i] = c + parts[i][2:]
+            else:
+                parts[i] = '%' + parts[i]
+        else:
+            parts[i] = '%' + parts[i]
+    return ''.join(parts)
+
+
+def requote_uri(uri):
+    """Re-quote the given URI.
+
+    This function passes the given URI through an unquote/quote cycle to
+    ensure that it is fully and consistently quoted.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    safe_with_percent = "!#$%&'()*+,/:;=?@[]~"
+    safe_without_percent = "!#$&'()*+,/:;=?@[]~"
+    try:
+        # Unquote only the unreserved characters
+        # Then quote only illegal characters (do not quote reserved,
+        # unreserved, or '%')
+        return quote(unquote_unreserved(uri), safe=safe_with_percent)
+    except InvalidURL:
+        # We couldn't unquote the given URI, so let's try quoting it, but
+        # there may be unquoted '%'s in the URI. We need to make sure they're
+        # properly quoted so they do not cause issues elsewhere.
+        return quote(uri, safe=safe_without_percent)
+
+
+def address_in_network(ip, net):
+    """This function allows you to check if an IP belongs to a network subnet
+
+    Example: returns True if ip = 192.168.1.1 and net = 192.168.1.0/24
+             returns False if ip = 192.168.1.1 and net = 192.168.100.0/24
+
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    ipaddr = struct.unpack('=L', socket.inet_aton(ip))[0]
+    netaddr, bits = net.split('/')
+    netmask = struct.unpack('=L', socket.inet_aton(dotted_netmask(int(bits))))[0]
+    network = struct.unpack('=L', socket.inet_aton(netaddr))[0] & netmask
+    return (ipaddr & netmask) == (network & netmask)
+
+
+def dotted_netmask(mask):
+    """Converts mask from /xx format to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
+
+    Example: if mask is 24 function returns 255.255.255.0
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    bits = 0xffffffff ^ (1 << 32 - mask) - 1
+    return socket.inet_ntoa(struct.pack('>I', bits))
+
+
+def is_ipv4_address(string_ip):
+    """
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    try:
+        socket.inet_aton(string_ip)
+    except socket.error:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def is_valid_cidr(string_network):
+    """
+    Very simple check of the cidr format in no_proxy variable.
+
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    if string_network.count('/') == 1:
+        try:
+            mask = int(string_network.split('/')[1])
+        except ValueError:
+            return False
+
+        if mask < 1 or mask > 32:
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            socket.inet_aton(string_network.split('/')[0])
+        except socket.error:
+            return False
+    else:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def set_environ(env_name, value):
+    """Set the environment variable 'env_name' to 'value'
+
+    Save previous value, yield, and then restore the previous value stored in
+    the environment variable 'env_name'.
+
+    If 'value' is None, do nothing"""
+    value_changed = value is not None
+    if value_changed:
+        old_value = os.environ.get(env_name)
+        os.environ[env_name] = value
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        if value_changed:
+            if old_value is None:
+                del os.environ[env_name]
+            else:
+                os.environ[env_name] = old_value
+
+
+def should_bypass_proxies(url, no_proxy):
+    """
+    Returns whether we should bypass proxies or not.
+
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    # Prioritize lowercase environment variables over uppercase
+    # to keep a consistent behaviour with other http projects (curl, wget).
+    get_proxy = lambda k: os.environ.get(k) or os.environ.get(k.upper())
+
+    # First check whether no_proxy is defined. If it is, check that the URL
+    # we're getting isn't in the no_proxy list.
+    no_proxy_arg = no_proxy
+    if no_proxy is None:
+        no_proxy = get_proxy('no_proxy')
+    parsed = urlparse(url)
+
+    if parsed.hostname is None:
+        # URLs don't always have hostnames, e.g. file:/// urls.
+        return True
+
+    if no_proxy:
+        # We need to check whether we match here. We need to see if we match
+        # the end of the hostname, both with and without the port.
+        no_proxy = (
+            host for host in no_proxy.replace(' ', '').split(',') if host
+        )
+
+        if is_ipv4_address(parsed.hostname):
+            for proxy_ip in no_proxy:
+                if is_valid_cidr(proxy_ip):
+                    if address_in_network(parsed.hostname, proxy_ip):
+                        return True
+                elif parsed.hostname == proxy_ip:
+                    # If no_proxy ip was defined in plain IP notation instead of cidr notation &
+                    # matches the IP of the index
+                    return True
+        else:
+            host_with_port = parsed.hostname
+            if parsed.port:
+                host_with_port += ':{}'.format(parsed.port)
+
+            for host in no_proxy:
+                if parsed.hostname.endswith(host) or host_with_port.endswith(host):
+                    # The URL does match something in no_proxy, so we don't want
+                    # to apply the proxies on this URL.
+                    return True
+
+    with set_environ('no_proxy', no_proxy_arg):
+        # parsed.hostname can be `None` in cases such as a file URI.
+        try:
+            bypass = proxy_bypass(parsed.hostname)
+        except (TypeError, socket.gaierror):
+            bypass = False
+
+    if bypass:
+        return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def get_environ_proxies(url, no_proxy=None):
+    """
+    Return a dict of environment proxies.
+
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    if should_bypass_proxies(url, no_proxy=no_proxy):
+        return {}
+    else:
+        return getproxies()
+
+
+def select_proxy(url, proxies):
+    """Select a proxy for the url, if applicable.
+
+    :param url: The url being for the request
+    :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes or schemes and hosts to proxy URLs
+    """
+    proxies = proxies or {}
+    urlparts = urlparse(url)
+    if urlparts.hostname is None:
+        return proxies.get(urlparts.scheme, proxies.get('all'))
+
+    proxy_keys = [
+        urlparts.scheme + '://' + urlparts.hostname,
+        urlparts.scheme,
+        'all://' + urlparts.hostname,
+        'all',
+    ]
+    proxy = None
+    for proxy_key in proxy_keys:
+        if proxy_key in proxies:
+            proxy = proxies[proxy_key]
+            break
+
+    return proxy
+
+
+def resolve_proxies(request, proxies, trust_env=True):
+    """This method takes proxy information from a request and configuration
+    input to resolve a mapping of target proxies. This will consider settings
+    such a NO_PROXY to strip proxy configurations.
+
+    :param request: Request or PreparedRequest
+    :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes or schemes and hosts to proxy URLs
+    :param trust_env: Boolean declaring whether to trust environment configs
+
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    proxies = proxies if proxies is not None else {}
+    url = request.url
+    scheme = urlparse(url).scheme
+    no_proxy = proxies.get('no_proxy')
+    new_proxies = proxies.copy()
+
+    if trust_env and not should_bypass_proxies(url, no_proxy=no_proxy):
+        environ_proxies = get_environ_proxies(url, no_proxy=no_proxy)
+
+        proxy = environ_proxies.get(scheme, environ_proxies.get('all'))
+
+        if proxy:
+            new_proxies.setdefault(scheme, proxy)
+    return new_proxies
+
+
+def default_user_agent(name="python-requests"):
+    """
+    Return a string representing the default user agent.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    return '%s/%s' % (name, __version__)
+
+
+def default_headers():
+    """
+    :rtype: requests.structures.CaseInsensitiveDict
+    """
+    return CaseInsensitiveDict({
+        'User-Agent': default_user_agent(),
+        'Accept-Encoding': DEFAULT_ACCEPT_ENCODING,
+        'Accept': '*/*',
+        'Connection': 'keep-alive',
+    })
+
+
+def parse_header_links(value):
+    """Return a list of parsed link headers proxies.
+
+    i.e. Link: <http:/.../front.jpeg>; rel=front; type="image/jpeg",<http://.../back.jpeg>; rel=back;type="image/jpeg"
+
+    :rtype: list
+    """
+
+    links = []
+
+    replace_chars = ' \'"'
+
+    value = value.strip(replace_chars)
+    if not value:
+        return links
+
+    for val in re.split(', *<', value):
+        try:
+            url, params = val.split(';', 1)
+        except ValueError:
+            url, params = val, ''
+
+        link = {'url': url.strip('<> \'"')}
+
+        for param in params.split(';'):
+            try:
+                key, value = param.split('=')
+            except ValueError:
+                break
+
+            link[key.strip(replace_chars)] = value.strip(replace_chars)
+
+        links.append(link)
+
+    return links
+
+
+# Null bytes; no need to recreate these on each call to guess_json_utf
+_null = '\x00'.encode('ascii')  # encoding to ASCII for Python 3
+_null2 = _null * 2
+_null3 = _null * 3
+
+
+def guess_json_utf(data):
+    """
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    # JSON always starts with two ASCII characters, so detection is as
+    # easy as counting the nulls and from their location and count
+    # determine the encoding. Also detect a BOM, if present.
+    sample = data[:4]
+    if sample in (codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE, codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE):
+        return 'utf-32'     # BOM included
+    if sample[:3] == codecs.BOM_UTF8:
+        return 'utf-8-sig'  # BOM included, MS style (discouraged)
+    if sample[:2] in (codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE, codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE):
+        return 'utf-16'     # BOM included
+    nullcount = sample.count(_null)
+    if nullcount == 0:
+        return 'utf-8'
+    if nullcount == 2:
+        if sample[::2] == _null2:   # 1st and 3rd are null
+            return 'utf-16-be'
+        if sample[1::2] == _null2:  # 2nd and 4th are null
+            return 'utf-16-le'
+        # Did not detect 2 valid UTF-16 ascii-range characters
+    if nullcount == 3:
+        if sample[:3] == _null3:
+            return 'utf-32-be'
+        if sample[1:] == _null3:
+            return 'utf-32-le'
+        # Did not detect a valid UTF-32 ascii-range character
+    return None
+
+
+def prepend_scheme_if_needed(url, new_scheme):
+    """Given a URL that may or may not have a scheme, prepend the given scheme.
+    Does not replace a present scheme with the one provided as an argument.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    parsed = parse_url(url)
+    scheme, auth, host, port, path, query, fragment = parsed
+
+    # A defect in urlparse determines that there isn't a netloc present in some
+    # urls. We previously assumed parsing was overly cautious, and swapped the
+    # netloc and path. Due to a lack of tests on the original defect, this is
+    # maintained with parse_url for backwards compatibility.
+    netloc = parsed.netloc
+    if not netloc:
+        netloc, path = path, netloc
+
+    if auth:
+        # parse_url doesn't provide the netloc with auth
+        # so we'll add it ourselves.
+        netloc = '@'.join([auth, netloc])
+    if scheme is None:
+        scheme = new_scheme
+    if path is None:
+        path = ''
+
+    return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path, '', query, fragment))
+
+
+def get_auth_from_url(url):
+    """Given a url with authentication components, extract them into a tuple of
+    username,password.
+
+    :rtype: (str,str)
+    """
+    parsed = urlparse(url)
+
+    try:
+        auth = (unquote(parsed.username), unquote(parsed.password))
+    except (AttributeError, TypeError):
+        auth = ('', '')
+
+    return auth
+
+
+# Moved outside of function to avoid recompile every call
+_CLEAN_HEADER_REGEX_BYTE = re.compile(b'^\\S[^\\r\\n]*$|^$')
+_CLEAN_HEADER_REGEX_STR = re.compile(r'^\S[^\r\n]*$|^$')
+
+
+def check_header_validity(header):
+    """Verifies that header value is a string which doesn't contain
+    leading whitespace or return characters. This prevents unintended
+    header injection.
+
+    :param header: tuple, in the format (name, value).
+    """
+    name, value = header
+
+    if isinstance(value, bytes):
+        pat = _CLEAN_HEADER_REGEX_BYTE
+    else:
+        pat = _CLEAN_HEADER_REGEX_STR
+    try:
+        if not pat.match(value):
+            raise InvalidHeader("Invalid return character or leading space in header: %s" % name)
+    except TypeError:
+        raise InvalidHeader("Value for header {%s: %s} must be of type str or "
+                            "bytes, not %s" % (name, value, type(value)))
+
+
+def urldefragauth(url):
+    """
+    Given a url remove the fragment and the authentication part.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment = urlparse(url)
+
+    # see func:`prepend_scheme_if_needed`
+    if not netloc:
+        netloc, path = path, netloc
+
+    netloc = netloc.rsplit('@', 1)[-1]
+
+    return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path, params, query, ''))
+
+
+def rewind_body(prepared_request):
+    """Move file pointer back to its recorded starting position
+    so it can be read again on redirect.
+    """
+    body_seek = getattr(prepared_request.body, 'seek', None)
+    if body_seek is not None and isinstance(prepared_request._body_position, integer_types):
+        try:
+            body_seek(prepared_request._body_position)
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            raise UnrewindableBodyError("An error occurred when rewinding request "
+                                        "body for redirect.")
+    else:
+        raise UnrewindableBodyError("Unable to rewind request body for redirect.")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce05fd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+__all__ = [
+    "__version__",
+    "AbstractProvider",
+    "AbstractResolver",
+    "BaseReporter",
+    "InconsistentCandidate",
+    "Resolver",
+    "RequirementsConflicted",
+    "ResolutionError",
+    "ResolutionImpossible",
+    "ResolutionTooDeep",
+]
+
+__version__ = "0.8.1"
+
+
+from .providers import AbstractProvider, AbstractResolver
+from .reporters import BaseReporter
+from .resolvers import (
+    InconsistentCandidate,
+    RequirementsConflicted,
+    ResolutionError,
+    ResolutionImpossible,
+    ResolutionTooDeep,
+    Resolver,
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/compat/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/compat/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/compat/collections_abc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/compat/collections_abc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1becc50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/compat/collections_abc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+__all__ = ["Mapping", "Sequence"]
+
+try:
+    from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
+except ImportError:
+    from collections import Mapping, Sequence
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/providers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/providers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d0a9c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/providers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+class AbstractProvider(object):
+    """Delegate class to provide requirement interface for the resolver."""
+
+    def identify(self, requirement_or_candidate):
+        """Given a requirement, return an identifier for it.
+
+        This is used to identify a requirement, e.g. whether two requirements
+        should have their specifier parts merged.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_preference(
+        self,
+        identifier,
+        resolutions,
+        candidates,
+        information,
+        backtrack_causes,
+    ):
+        """Produce a sort key for given requirement based on preference.
+
+        The preference is defined as "I think this requirement should be
+        resolved first". The lower the return value is, the more preferred
+        this group of arguments is.
+
+        :param identifier: An identifier as returned by ``identify()``. This
+            identifies the dependency matches of which should be returned.
+        :param resolutions: Mapping of candidates currently pinned by the
+            resolver. Each key is an identifier, and the value a candidate.
+            The candidate may conflict with requirements from ``information``.
+        :param candidates: Mapping of each dependency's possible candidates.
+            Each value is an iterator of candidates.
+        :param information: Mapping of requirement information of each package.
+            Each value is an iterator of *requirement information*.
+        :param backtrack_causes: Sequence of requirement information that were
+            the requirements that caused the resolver to most recently backtrack.
+
+        A *requirement information* instance is a named tuple with two members:
+
+        * ``requirement`` specifies a requirement contributing to the current
+          list of candidates.
+        * ``parent`` specifies the candidate that provides (dependend on) the
+          requirement, or ``None`` to indicate a root requirement.
+
+        The preference could depend on a various of issues, including (not
+        necessarily in this order):
+
+        * Is this package pinned in the current resolution result?
+        * How relaxed is the requirement? Stricter ones should probably be
+          worked on first? (I don't know, actually.)
+        * How many possibilities are there to satisfy this requirement? Those
+          with few left should likely be worked on first, I guess?
+        * Are there any known conflicts for this requirement? We should
+          probably work on those with the most known conflicts.
+
+        A sortable value should be returned (this will be used as the ``key``
+        parameter of the built-in sorting function). The smaller the value is,
+        the more preferred this requirement is (i.e. the sorting function
+        is called with ``reverse=False``).
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def find_matches(self, identifier, requirements, incompatibilities):
+        """Find all possible candidates that satisfy given constraints.
+
+        :param identifier: An identifier as returned by ``identify()``. This
+            identifies the dependency matches of which should be returned.
+        :param requirements: A mapping of requirements that all returned
+            candidates must satisfy. Each key is an identifier, and the value
+            an iterator of requirements for that dependency.
+        :param incompatibilities: A mapping of known incompatibilities of
+            each dependency. Each key is an identifier, and the value an
+            iterator of incompatibilities known to the resolver. All
+            incompatibilities *must* be excluded from the return value.
+
+        This should try to get candidates based on the requirements' types.
+        For VCS, local, and archive requirements, the one-and-only match is
+        returned, and for a "named" requirement, the index(es) should be
+        consulted to find concrete candidates for this requirement.
+
+        The return value should produce candidates ordered by preference; the
+        most preferred candidate should come first. The return type may be one
+        of the following:
+
+        * A callable that returns an iterator that yields candidates.
+        * An collection of candidates.
+        * An iterable of candidates. This will be consumed immediately into a
+          list of candidates.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def is_satisfied_by(self, requirement, candidate):
+        """Whether the given requirement can be satisfied by a candidate.
+
+        The candidate is guarenteed to have been generated from the
+        requirement.
+
+        A boolean should be returned to indicate whether ``candidate`` is a
+        viable solution to the requirement.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_dependencies(self, candidate):
+        """Get dependencies of a candidate.
+
+        This should return a collection of requirements that `candidate`
+        specifies as its dependencies.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class AbstractResolver(object):
+    """The thing that performs the actual resolution work."""
+
+    base_exception = Exception
+
+    def __init__(self, provider, reporter):
+        self.provider = provider
+        self.reporter = reporter
+
+    def resolve(self, requirements, **kwargs):
+        """Take a collection of constraints, spit out the resolution result.
+
+        This returns a representation of the final resolution state, with one
+        guarenteed attribute ``mapping`` that contains resolved candidates as
+        values. The keys are their respective identifiers.
+
+        :param requirements: A collection of constraints.
+        :param kwargs: Additional keyword arguments that subclasses may accept.
+
+        :raises: ``self.base_exception`` or its subclass.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/reporters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/reporters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6695480
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/reporters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+class BaseReporter(object):
+    """Delegate class to provider progress reporting for the resolver."""
+
+    def starting(self):
+        """Called before the resolution actually starts."""
+
+    def starting_round(self, index):
+        """Called before each round of resolution starts.
+
+        The index is zero-based.
+        """
+
+    def ending_round(self, index, state):
+        """Called before each round of resolution ends.
+
+        This is NOT called if the resolution ends at this round. Use `ending`
+        if you want to report finalization. The index is zero-based.
+        """
+
+    def ending(self, state):
+        """Called before the resolution ends successfully."""
+
+    def adding_requirement(self, requirement, parent):
+        """Called when adding a new requirement into the resolve criteria.
+
+        :param requirement: The additional requirement to be applied to filter
+            the available candidaites.
+        :param parent: The candidate that requires ``requirement`` as a
+            dependency, or None if ``requirement`` is one of the root
+            requirements passed in from ``Resolver.resolve()``.
+        """
+
+    def resolving_conflicts(self, causes):
+        """Called when starting to attempt requirement conflict resolution.
+
+        :param causes: The information on the collision that caused the backtracking.
+        """
+
+    def backtracking(self, candidate):
+        """Called when rejecting a candidate during backtracking."""
+
+    def pinning(self, candidate):
+        """Called when adding a candidate to the potential solution."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..787681b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+import collections
+import operator
+
+from .providers import AbstractResolver
+from .structs import DirectedGraph, IteratorMapping, build_iter_view
+
+RequirementInformation = collections.namedtuple(
+    "RequirementInformation", ["requirement", "parent"]
+)
+
+
+class ResolverException(Exception):
+    """A base class for all exceptions raised by this module.
+
+    Exceptions derived by this class should all be handled in this module. Any
+    bubbling pass the resolver should be treated as a bug.
+    """
+
+
+class RequirementsConflicted(ResolverException):
+    def __init__(self, criterion):
+        super(RequirementsConflicted, self).__init__(criterion)
+        self.criterion = criterion
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "Requirements conflict: {}".format(
+            ", ".join(repr(r) for r in self.criterion.iter_requirement()),
+        )
+
+
+class InconsistentCandidate(ResolverException):
+    def __init__(self, candidate, criterion):
+        super(InconsistentCandidate, self).__init__(candidate, criterion)
+        self.candidate = candidate
+        self.criterion = criterion
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "Provided candidate {!r} does not satisfy {}".format(
+            self.candidate,
+            ", ".join(repr(r) for r in self.criterion.iter_requirement()),
+        )
+
+
+class Criterion(object):
+    """Representation of possible resolution results of a package.
+
+    This holds three attributes:
+
+    * `information` is a collection of `RequirementInformation` pairs.
+      Each pair is a requirement contributing to this criterion, and the
+      candidate that provides the requirement.
+    * `incompatibilities` is a collection of all known not-to-work candidates
+      to exclude from consideration.
+    * `candidates` is a collection containing all possible candidates deducted
+      from the union of contributing requirements and known incompatibilities.
+      It should never be empty, except when the criterion is an attribute of a
+      raised `RequirementsConflicted` (in which case it is always empty).
+
+    .. note::
+        This class is intended to be externally immutable. **Do not** mutate
+        any of its attribute containers.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, candidates, information, incompatibilities):
+        self.candidates = candidates
+        self.information = information
+        self.incompatibilities = incompatibilities
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        requirements = ", ".join(
+            "({!r}, via={!r})".format(req, parent)
+            for req, parent in self.information
+        )
+        return "Criterion({})".format(requirements)
+
+    def iter_requirement(self):
+        return (i.requirement for i in self.information)
+
+    def iter_parent(self):
+        return (i.parent for i in self.information)
+
+
+class ResolutionError(ResolverException):
+    pass
+
+
+class ResolutionImpossible(ResolutionError):
+    def __init__(self, causes):
+        super(ResolutionImpossible, self).__init__(causes)
+        # causes is a list of RequirementInformation objects
+        self.causes = causes
+
+
+class ResolutionTooDeep(ResolutionError):
+    def __init__(self, round_count):
+        super(ResolutionTooDeep, self).__init__(round_count)
+        self.round_count = round_count
+
+
+# Resolution state in a round.
+State = collections.namedtuple("State", "mapping criteria backtrack_causes")
+
+
+class Resolution(object):
+    """Stateful resolution object.
+
+    This is designed as a one-off object that holds information to kick start
+    the resolution process, and holds the results afterwards.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, provider, reporter):
+        self._p = provider
+        self._r = reporter
+        self._states = []
+
+    @property
+    def state(self):
+        try:
+            return self._states[-1]
+        except IndexError:
+            raise AttributeError("state")
+
+    def _push_new_state(self):
+        """Push a new state into history.
+
+        This new state will be used to hold resolution results of the next
+        coming round.
+        """
+        base = self._states[-1]
+        state = State(
+            mapping=base.mapping.copy(),
+            criteria=base.criteria.copy(),
+            backtrack_causes=base.backtrack_causes[:],
+        )
+        self._states.append(state)
+
+    def _add_to_criteria(self, criteria, requirement, parent):
+        self._r.adding_requirement(requirement=requirement, parent=parent)
+
+        identifier = self._p.identify(requirement_or_candidate=requirement)
+        criterion = criteria.get(identifier)
+        if criterion:
+            incompatibilities = list(criterion.incompatibilities)
+        else:
+            incompatibilities = []
+
+        matches = self._p.find_matches(
+            identifier=identifier,
+            requirements=IteratorMapping(
+                criteria,
+                operator.methodcaller("iter_requirement"),
+                {identifier: [requirement]},
+            ),
+            incompatibilities=IteratorMapping(
+                criteria,
+                operator.attrgetter("incompatibilities"),
+                {identifier: incompatibilities},
+            ),
+        )
+
+        if criterion:
+            information = list(criterion.information)
+            information.append(RequirementInformation(requirement, parent))
+        else:
+            information = [RequirementInformation(requirement, parent)]
+
+        criterion = Criterion(
+            candidates=build_iter_view(matches),
+            information=information,
+            incompatibilities=incompatibilities,
+        )
+        if not criterion.candidates:
+            raise RequirementsConflicted(criterion)
+        criteria[identifier] = criterion
+
+    def _get_preference(self, name):
+        return self._p.get_preference(
+            identifier=name,
+            resolutions=self.state.mapping,
+            candidates=IteratorMapping(
+                self.state.criteria,
+                operator.attrgetter("candidates"),
+            ),
+            information=IteratorMapping(
+                self.state.criteria,
+                operator.attrgetter("information"),
+            ),
+            backtrack_causes=self.state.backtrack_causes,
+        )
+
+    def _is_current_pin_satisfying(self, name, criterion):
+        try:
+            current_pin = self.state.mapping[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            return False
+        return all(
+            self._p.is_satisfied_by(requirement=r, candidate=current_pin)
+            for r in criterion.iter_requirement()
+        )
+
+    def _get_updated_criteria(self, candidate):
+        criteria = self.state.criteria.copy()
+        for requirement in self._p.get_dependencies(candidate=candidate):
+            self._add_to_criteria(criteria, requirement, parent=candidate)
+        return criteria
+
+    def _attempt_to_pin_criterion(self, name):
+        criterion = self.state.criteria[name]
+
+        causes = []
+        for candidate in criterion.candidates:
+            try:
+                criteria = self._get_updated_criteria(candidate)
+            except RequirementsConflicted as e:
+                causes.append(e.criterion)
+                continue
+
+            # Check the newly-pinned candidate actually works. This should
+            # always pass under normal circumstances, but in the case of a
+            # faulty provider, we will raise an error to notify the implementer
+            # to fix find_matches() and/or is_satisfied_by().
+            satisfied = all(
+                self._p.is_satisfied_by(requirement=r, candidate=candidate)
+                for r in criterion.iter_requirement()
+            )
+            if not satisfied:
+                raise InconsistentCandidate(candidate, criterion)
+
+            self._r.pinning(candidate=candidate)
+            self.state.criteria.update(criteria)
+
+            # Put newly-pinned candidate at the end. This is essential because
+            # backtracking looks at this mapping to get the last pin.
+            self.state.mapping.pop(name, None)
+            self.state.mapping[name] = candidate
+
+            return []
+
+        # All candidates tried, nothing works. This criterion is a dead
+        # end, signal for backtracking.
+        return causes
+
+    def _backtrack(self):
+        """Perform backtracking.
+
+        When we enter here, the stack is like this::
+
+            [ state Z ]
+            [ state Y ]
+            [ state X ]
+            .... earlier states are irrelevant.
+
+        1. No pins worked for Z, so it does not have a pin.
+        2. We want to reset state Y to unpinned, and pin another candidate.
+        3. State X holds what state Y was before the pin, but does not
+           have the incompatibility information gathered in state Y.
+
+        Each iteration of the loop will:
+
+        1.  Discard Z.
+        2.  Discard Y but remember its incompatibility information gathered
+            previously, and the failure we're dealing with right now.
+        3.  Push a new state Y' based on X, and apply the incompatibility
+            information from Y to Y'.
+        4a. If this causes Y' to conflict, we need to backtrack again. Make Y'
+            the new Z and go back to step 2.
+        4b. If the incompatibilities apply cleanly, end backtracking.
+        """
+        while len(self._states) >= 3:
+            # Remove the state that triggered backtracking.
+            del self._states[-1]
+
+            # Retrieve the last candidate pin and known incompatibilities.
+            broken_state = self._states.pop()
+            name, candidate = broken_state.mapping.popitem()
+            incompatibilities_from_broken = [
+                (k, list(v.incompatibilities))
+                for k, v in broken_state.criteria.items()
+            ]
+
+            # Also mark the newly known incompatibility.
+            incompatibilities_from_broken.append((name, [candidate]))
+
+            self._r.backtracking(candidate=candidate)
+
+            # Create a new state from the last known-to-work one, and apply
+            # the previously gathered incompatibility information.
+            def _patch_criteria():
+                for k, incompatibilities in incompatibilities_from_broken:
+                    if not incompatibilities:
+                        continue
+                    try:
+                        criterion = self.state.criteria[k]
+                    except KeyError:
+                        continue
+                    matches = self._p.find_matches(
+                        identifier=k,
+                        requirements=IteratorMapping(
+                            self.state.criteria,
+                            operator.methodcaller("iter_requirement"),
+                        ),
+                        incompatibilities=IteratorMapping(
+                            self.state.criteria,
+                            operator.attrgetter("incompatibilities"),
+                            {k: incompatibilities},
+                        ),
+                    )
+                    candidates = build_iter_view(matches)
+                    if not candidates:
+                        return False
+                    incompatibilities.extend(criterion.incompatibilities)
+                    self.state.criteria[k] = Criterion(
+                        candidates=candidates,
+                        information=list(criterion.information),
+                        incompatibilities=incompatibilities,
+                    )
+                return True
+
+            self._push_new_state()
+            success = _patch_criteria()
+
+            # It works! Let's work on this new state.
+            if success:
+                return True
+
+            # State does not work after applying known incompatibilities.
+            # Try the still previous state.
+
+        # No way to backtrack anymore.
+        return False
+
+    def resolve(self, requirements, max_rounds):
+        if self._states:
+            raise RuntimeError("already resolved")
+
+        self._r.starting()
+
+        # Initialize the root state.
+        self._states = [
+            State(
+                mapping=collections.OrderedDict(),
+                criteria={},
+                backtrack_causes=[],
+            )
+        ]
+        for r in requirements:
+            try:
+                self._add_to_criteria(self.state.criteria, r, parent=None)
+            except RequirementsConflicted as e:
+                raise ResolutionImpossible(e.criterion.information)
+
+        # The root state is saved as a sentinel so the first ever pin can have
+        # something to backtrack to if it fails. The root state is basically
+        # pinning the virtual "root" package in the graph.
+        self._push_new_state()
+
+        for round_index in range(max_rounds):
+            self._r.starting_round(index=round_index)
+
+            unsatisfied_names = [
+                key
+                for key, criterion in self.state.criteria.items()
+                if not self._is_current_pin_satisfying(key, criterion)
+            ]
+
+            # All criteria are accounted for. Nothing more to pin, we are done!
+            if not unsatisfied_names:
+                self._r.ending(state=self.state)
+                return self.state
+
+            # Choose the most preferred unpinned criterion to try.
+            name = min(unsatisfied_names, key=self._get_preference)
+            failure_causes = self._attempt_to_pin_criterion(name)
+
+            if failure_causes:
+                causes = [i for c in failure_causes for i in c.information]
+                # Backtrack if pinning fails. The backtrack process puts us in
+                # an unpinned state, so we can work on it in the next round.
+                self._r.resolving_conflicts(causes=causes)
+                success = self._backtrack()
+                self.state.backtrack_causes[:] = causes
+
+                # Dead ends everywhere. Give up.
+                if not success:
+                    raise ResolutionImpossible(self.state.backtrack_causes)
+            else:
+                # Pinning was successful. Push a new state to do another pin.
+                self._push_new_state()
+
+            self._r.ending_round(index=round_index, state=self.state)
+
+        raise ResolutionTooDeep(max_rounds)
+
+
+def _has_route_to_root(criteria, key, all_keys, connected):
+    if key in connected:
+        return True
+    if key not in criteria:
+        return False
+    for p in criteria[key].iter_parent():
+        try:
+            pkey = all_keys[id(p)]
+        except KeyError:
+            continue
+        if pkey in connected:
+            connected.add(key)
+            return True
+        if _has_route_to_root(criteria, pkey, all_keys, connected):
+            connected.add(key)
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+Result = collections.namedtuple("Result", "mapping graph criteria")
+
+
+def _build_result(state):
+    mapping = state.mapping
+    all_keys = {id(v): k for k, v in mapping.items()}
+    all_keys[id(None)] = None
+
+    graph = DirectedGraph()
+    graph.add(None)  # Sentinel as root dependencies' parent.
+
+    connected = {None}
+    for key, criterion in state.criteria.items():
+        if not _has_route_to_root(state.criteria, key, all_keys, connected):
+            continue
+        if key not in graph:
+            graph.add(key)
+        for p in criterion.iter_parent():
+            try:
+                pkey = all_keys[id(p)]
+            except KeyError:
+                continue
+            if pkey not in graph:
+                graph.add(pkey)
+            graph.connect(pkey, key)
+
+    return Result(
+        mapping={k: v for k, v in mapping.items() if k in connected},
+        graph=graph,
+        criteria=state.criteria,
+    )
+
+
+class Resolver(AbstractResolver):
+    """The thing that performs the actual resolution work."""
+
+    base_exception = ResolverException
+
+    def resolve(self, requirements, max_rounds=100):
+        """Take a collection of constraints, spit out the resolution result.
+
+        The return value is a representation to the final resolution result. It
+        is a tuple subclass with three public members:
+
+        * `mapping`: A dict of resolved candidates. Each key is an identifier
+            of a requirement (as returned by the provider's `identify` method),
+            and the value is the resolved candidate.
+        * `graph`: A `DirectedGraph` instance representing the dependency tree.
+            The vertices are keys of `mapping`, and each edge represents *why*
+            a particular package is included. A special vertex `None` is
+            included to represent parents of user-supplied requirements.
+        * `criteria`: A dict of "criteria" that hold detailed information on
+            how edges in the graph are derived. Each key is an identifier of a
+            requirement, and the value is a `Criterion` instance.
+
+        The following exceptions may be raised if a resolution cannot be found:
+
+        * `ResolutionImpossible`: A resolution cannot be found for the given
+            combination of requirements. The `causes` attribute of the
+            exception is a list of (requirement, parent), giving the
+            requirements that could not be satisfied.
+        * `ResolutionTooDeep`: The dependency tree is too deeply nested and
+            the resolver gave up. This is usually caused by a circular
+            dependency, but you can try to resolve this by increasing the
+            `max_rounds` argument.
+        """
+        resolution = Resolution(self.provider, self.reporter)
+        state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds)
+        return _build_result(state)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/structs.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/structs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93d1568
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/structs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+import itertools
+
+from .compat import collections_abc
+
+
+class DirectedGraph(object):
+    """A graph structure with directed edges."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._vertices = set()
+        self._forwards = {}  # <key> -> Set[<key>]
+        self._backwards = {}  # <key> -> Set[<key>]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._vertices)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._vertices)
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return key in self._vertices
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Return a shallow copy of this graph."""
+        other = DirectedGraph()
+        other._vertices = set(self._vertices)
+        other._forwards = {k: set(v) for k, v in self._forwards.items()}
+        other._backwards = {k: set(v) for k, v in self._backwards.items()}
+        return other
+
+    def add(self, key):
+        """Add a new vertex to the graph."""
+        if key in self._vertices:
+            raise ValueError("vertex exists")
+        self._vertices.add(key)
+        self._forwards[key] = set()
+        self._backwards[key] = set()
+
+    def remove(self, key):
+        """Remove a vertex from the graph, disconnecting all edges from/to it."""
+        self._vertices.remove(key)
+        for f in self._forwards.pop(key):
+            self._backwards[f].remove(key)
+        for t in self._backwards.pop(key):
+            self._forwards[t].remove(key)
+
+    def connected(self, f, t):
+        return f in self._backwards[t] and t in self._forwards[f]
+
+    def connect(self, f, t):
+        """Connect two existing vertices.
+
+        Nothing happens if the vertices are already connected.
+        """
+        if t not in self._vertices:
+            raise KeyError(t)
+        self._forwards[f].add(t)
+        self._backwards[t].add(f)
+
+    def iter_edges(self):
+        for f, children in self._forwards.items():
+            for t in children:
+                yield f, t
+
+    def iter_children(self, key):
+        return iter(self._forwards[key])
+
+    def iter_parents(self, key):
+        return iter(self._backwards[key])
+
+
+class IteratorMapping(collections_abc.Mapping):
+    def __init__(self, mapping, accessor, appends=None):
+        self._mapping = mapping
+        self._accessor = accessor
+        self._appends = appends or {}
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "IteratorMapping({!r}, {!r}, {!r})".format(
+            self._mapping,
+            self._accessor,
+            self._appends,
+        )
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self._mapping or self._appends)
+
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__  # XXX: Python 2.
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return key in self._mapping or key in self._appends
+
+    def __getitem__(self, k):
+        try:
+            v = self._mapping[k]
+        except KeyError:
+            return iter(self._appends[k])
+        return itertools.chain(self._accessor(v), self._appends.get(k, ()))
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        more = (k for k in self._appends if k not in self._mapping)
+        return itertools.chain(self._mapping, more)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        more = sum(1 for k in self._appends if k not in self._mapping)
+        return len(self._mapping) + more
+
+
+class _FactoryIterableView(object):
+    """Wrap an iterator factory returned by `find_matches()`.
+
+    Calling `iter()` on this class would invoke the underlying iterator
+    factory, making it a "collection with ordering" that can be iterated
+    through multiple times, but lacks random access methods presented in
+    built-in Python sequence types.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, factory):
+        self._factory = factory
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "{}({})".format(type(self).__name__, list(self._factory()))
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        try:
+            next(self._factory())
+        except StopIteration:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__  # XXX: Python 2.
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self._factory()
+
+
+class _SequenceIterableView(object):
+    """Wrap an iterable returned by find_matches().
+
+    This is essentially just a proxy to the underlying sequence that provides
+    the same interface as `_FactoryIterableView`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, sequence):
+        self._sequence = sequence
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "{}({})".format(type(self).__name__, self._sequence)
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self._sequence)
+
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__  # XXX: Python 2.
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._sequence)
+
+
+def build_iter_view(matches):
+    """Build an iterable view from the value returned by `find_matches()`."""
+    if callable(matches):
+        return _FactoryIterableView(matches)
+    if not isinstance(matches, collections_abc.Sequence):
+        matches = list(matches)
+    return _SequenceIterableView(matches)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50f3815
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+"""Rich text and beautiful formatting in the terminal."""
+
+import os
+from typing import Callable, IO, TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional
+
+from ._extension import load_ipython_extension
+
+__all__ = ["get_console", "reconfigure", "print", "inspect"]
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console
+
+# Global console used by alternative print
+_console: Optional["Console"] = None
+
+_IMPORT_CWD = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())
+
+
+def get_console() -> "Console":
+    """Get a global :class:`~rich.console.Console` instance. This function is used when Rich requires a Console,
+    and hasn't been explicitly given one.
+
+    Returns:
+        Console: A console instance.
+    """
+    global _console
+    if _console is None:
+        from .console import Console
+
+        _console = Console()
+
+    return _console
+
+
+def reconfigure(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+    """Reconfigures the global console by replacing it with another.
+
+    Args:
+        console (Console): Replacement console instance.
+    """
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+
+    new_console = Console(*args, **kwargs)
+    _console = get_console()
+    _console.__dict__ = new_console.__dict__
+
+
+def print(
+    *objects: Any,
+    sep: str = " ",
+    end: str = "\n",
+    file: Optional[IO[str]] = None,
+    flush: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    r"""Print object(s) supplied via positional arguments.
+    This function has an identical signature to the built-in print.
+    For more advanced features, see the :class:`~rich.console.Console` class.
+
+    Args:
+        sep (str, optional): Separator between printed objects. Defaults to " ".
+        end (str, optional): Character to write at end of output. Defaults to "\\n".
+        file (IO[str], optional): File to write to, or None for stdout. Defaults to None.
+        flush (bool, optional): Has no effect as Rich always flushes output. Defaults to False.
+
+    """
+    from .console import Console
+
+    write_console = get_console() if file is None else Console(file=file)
+    return write_console.print(*objects, sep=sep, end=end)
+
+
+def print_json(
+    json: Optional[str] = None,
+    *,
+    data: Any = None,
+    indent: int = 2,
+    highlight: bool = True,
+    skip_keys: bool = False,
+    ensure_ascii: bool = True,
+    check_circular: bool = True,
+    allow_nan: bool = True,
+    default: Optional[Callable[[Any], Any]] = None,
+    sort_keys: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """Pretty prints JSON. Output will be valid JSON.
+
+    Args:
+        json (str): A string containing JSON.
+        data (Any): If json is not supplied, then encode this data.
+        indent (int, optional): Number of spaces to indent. Defaults to 2.
+        highlight (bool, optional): Enable highlighting of output: Defaults to True.
+        skip_keys (bool, optional): Skip keys not of a basic type. Defaults to False.
+        ensure_ascii (bool, optional): Escape all non-ascii characters. Defaults to False.
+        check_circular (bool, optional): Check for circular references. Defaults to True.
+        allow_nan (bool, optional): Allow NaN and Infinity values. Defaults to True.
+        default (Callable, optional): A callable that converts values that can not be encoded
+            in to something that can be JSON encoded. Defaults to None.
+        sort_keys (bool, optional): Sort dictionary keys. Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    get_console().print_json(
+        json,
+        data=data,
+        indent=indent,
+        highlight=highlight,
+        skip_keys=skip_keys,
+        ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
+        check_circular=check_circular,
+        allow_nan=allow_nan,
+        default=default,
+        sort_keys=sort_keys,
+    )
+
+
+def inspect(
+    obj: Any,
+    *,
+    console: Optional["Console"] = None,
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    help: bool = False,
+    methods: bool = False,
+    docs: bool = True,
+    private: bool = False,
+    dunder: bool = False,
+    sort: bool = True,
+    all: bool = False,
+    value: bool = True,
+) -> None:
+    """Inspect any Python object.
+
+    * inspect(<OBJECT>) to see summarized info.
+    * inspect(<OBJECT>, methods=True) to see methods.
+    * inspect(<OBJECT>, help=True) to see full (non-abbreviated) help.
+    * inspect(<OBJECT>, private=True) to see private attributes (single underscore).
+    * inspect(<OBJECT>, dunder=True) to see attributes beginning with double underscore.
+    * inspect(<OBJECT>, all=True) to see all attributes.
+
+    Args:
+        obj (Any): An object to inspect.
+        title (str, optional): Title to display over inspect result, or None use type. Defaults to None.
+        help (bool, optional): Show full help text rather than just first paragraph. Defaults to False.
+        methods (bool, optional): Enable inspection of callables. Defaults to False.
+        docs (bool, optional): Also render doc strings. Defaults to True.
+        private (bool, optional): Show private attributes (beginning with underscore). Defaults to False.
+        dunder (bool, optional): Show attributes starting with double underscore. Defaults to False.
+        sort (bool, optional): Sort attributes alphabetically. Defaults to True.
+        all (bool, optional): Show all attributes. Defaults to False.
+        value (bool, optional): Pretty print value. Defaults to True.
+    """
+    _console = console or get_console()
+    from pip._vendor.rich._inspect import Inspect
+
+    # Special case for inspect(inspect)
+    is_inspect = obj is inspect
+
+    _inspect = Inspect(
+        obj,
+        title=title,
+        help=is_inspect or help,
+        methods=is_inspect or methods,
+        docs=is_inspect or docs,
+        private=private,
+        dunder=dunder,
+        sort=sort,
+        all=all,
+        value=value,
+    )
+    _console.print(_inspect)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    print("Hello, **World**")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/__main__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8692d37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+import colorsys
+import io
+from time import process_time
+
+from pip._vendor.rich import box
+from pip._vendor.rich.color import Color
+from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console, ConsoleOptions, Group, RenderableType, RenderResult
+from pip._vendor.rich.markdown import Markdown
+from pip._vendor.rich.measure import Measurement
+from pip._vendor.rich.pretty import Pretty
+from pip._vendor.rich.segment import Segment
+from pip._vendor.rich.style import Style
+from pip._vendor.rich.syntax import Syntax
+from pip._vendor.rich.table import Table
+from pip._vendor.rich.text import Text
+
+
+class ColorBox:
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        for y in range(0, 5):
+            for x in range(options.max_width):
+                h = x / options.max_width
+                l = 0.1 + ((y / 5) * 0.7)
+                r1, g1, b1 = colorsys.hls_to_rgb(h, l, 1.0)
+                r2, g2, b2 = colorsys.hls_to_rgb(h, l + 0.7 / 10, 1.0)
+                bgcolor = Color.from_rgb(r1 * 255, g1 * 255, b1 * 255)
+                color = Color.from_rgb(r2 * 255, g2 * 255, b2 * 255)
+                yield Segment("▄", Style(color=color, bgcolor=bgcolor))
+            yield Segment.line()
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        return Measurement(1, options.max_width)
+
+
+def make_test_card() -> Table:
+    """Get a renderable that demonstrates a number of features."""
+    table = Table.grid(padding=1, pad_edge=True)
+    table.title = "Rich features"
+    table.add_column("Feature", no_wrap=True, justify="center", style="bold red")
+    table.add_column("Demonstration")
+
+    color_table = Table(
+        box=None,
+        expand=False,
+        show_header=False,
+        show_edge=False,
+        pad_edge=False,
+    )
+    color_table.add_row(
+        # "[bold yellow]256[/] colors or [bold green]16.7 million[/] colors [blue](if supported by your terminal)[/].",
+        (
+            "✓ [bold green]4-bit color[/]\n"
+            "✓ [bold blue]8-bit color[/]\n"
+            "✓ [bold magenta]Truecolor (16.7 million)[/]\n"
+            "✓ [bold yellow]Dumb terminals[/]\n"
+            "✓ [bold cyan]Automatic color conversion"
+        ),
+        ColorBox(),
+    )
+
+    table.add_row("Colors", color_table)
+
+    table.add_row(
+        "Styles",
+        "All ansi styles: [bold]bold[/], [dim]dim[/], [italic]italic[/italic], [underline]underline[/], [strike]strikethrough[/], [reverse]reverse[/], and even [blink]blink[/].",
+    )
+
+    lorem = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque in metus sed sapien ultricies pretium a at justo. Maecenas luctus velit et auctor maximus."
+    lorem_table = Table.grid(padding=1, collapse_padding=True)
+    lorem_table.pad_edge = False
+    lorem_table.add_row(
+        Text(lorem, justify="left", style="green"),
+        Text(lorem, justify="center", style="yellow"),
+        Text(lorem, justify="right", style="blue"),
+        Text(lorem, justify="full", style="red"),
+    )
+    table.add_row(
+        "Text",
+        Group(
+            Text.from_markup(
+                """Word wrap text. Justify [green]left[/], [yellow]center[/], [blue]right[/] or [red]full[/].\n"""
+            ),
+            lorem_table,
+        ),
+    )
+
+    def comparison(renderable1: RenderableType, renderable2: RenderableType) -> Table:
+        table = Table(show_header=False, pad_edge=False, box=None, expand=True)
+        table.add_column("1", ratio=1)
+        table.add_column("2", ratio=1)
+        table.add_row(renderable1, renderable2)
+        return table
+
+    table.add_row(
+        "Asian\nlanguage\nsupport",
+        ":flag_for_china:  该库支持中文，日文和韩文文本！\n:flag_for_japan:  ライブラリは中国語、日本語、韓国語のテキストをサポートしています\n:flag_for_south_korea:  이 라이브러리는 중국어, 일본어 및 한국어 텍스트를 지원합니다",
+    )
+
+    markup_example = (
+        "[bold magenta]Rich[/] supports a simple [i]bbcode[/i]-like [b]markup[/b] for [yellow]color[/], [underline]style[/], and emoji! "
+        ":+1: :apple: :ant: :bear: :baguette_bread: :bus: "
+    )
+    table.add_row("Markup", markup_example)
+
+    example_table = Table(
+        show_edge=False,
+        show_header=True,
+        expand=False,
+        row_styles=["none", "dim"],
+        box=box.SIMPLE,
+    )
+    example_table.add_column("[green]Date", style="green", no_wrap=True)
+    example_table.add_column("[blue]Title", style="blue")
+    example_table.add_column(
+        "[cyan]Production Budget",
+        style="cyan",
+        justify="right",
+        no_wrap=True,
+    )
+    example_table.add_column(
+        "[magenta]Box Office",
+        style="magenta",
+        justify="right",
+        no_wrap=True,
+    )
+    example_table.add_row(
+        "Dec 20, 2019",
+        "Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker",
+        "$275,000,000",
+        "$375,126,118",
+    )
+    example_table.add_row(
+        "May 25, 2018",
+        "[b]Solo[/]: A Star Wars Story",
+        "$275,000,000",
+        "$393,151,347",
+    )
+    example_table.add_row(
+        "Dec 15, 2017",
+        "Star Wars Ep. VIII: The Last Jedi",
+        "$262,000,000",
+        "[bold]$1,332,539,889[/bold]",
+    )
+    example_table.add_row(
+        "May 19, 1999",
+        "Star Wars Ep. [b]I[/b]: [i]The phantom Menace",
+        "$115,000,000",
+        "$1,027,044,677",
+    )
+
+    table.add_row("Tables", example_table)
+
+    code = '''\
+def iter_last(values: Iterable[T]) -> Iterable[Tuple[bool, T]]:
+    """Iterate and generate a tuple with a flag for last value."""
+    iter_values = iter(values)
+    try:
+        previous_value = next(iter_values)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return
+    for value in iter_values:
+        yield False, previous_value
+        previous_value = value
+    yield True, previous_value'''
+
+    pretty_data = {
+        "foo": [
+            3.1427,
+            (
+                "Paul Atreides",
+                "Vladimir Harkonnen",
+                "Thufir Hawat",
+            ),
+        ],
+        "atomic": (False, True, None),
+    }
+    table.add_row(
+        "Syntax\nhighlighting\n&\npretty\nprinting",
+        comparison(
+            Syntax(code, "python3", line_numbers=True, indent_guides=True),
+            Pretty(pretty_data, indent_guides=True),
+        ),
+    )
+
+    markdown_example = """\
+# Markdown
+
+Supports much of the *markdown* __syntax__!
+
+- Headers
+- Basic formatting: **bold**, *italic*, `code`
+- Block quotes
+- Lists, and more...
+    """
+    table.add_row(
+        "Markdown", comparison("[cyan]" + markdown_example, Markdown(markdown_example))
+    )
+
+    table.add_row(
+        "+more!",
+        """Progress bars, columns, styled logging handler, tracebacks, etc...""",
+    )
+    return table
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    console = Console(
+        file=io.StringIO(),
+        force_terminal=True,
+    )
+    test_card = make_test_card()
+
+    # Print once to warm cache
+    start = process_time()
+    console.print(test_card)
+    pre_cache_taken = round((process_time() - start) * 1000.0, 1)
+
+    console.file = io.StringIO()
+
+    start = process_time()
+    console.print(test_card)
+    taken = round((process_time() - start) * 1000.0, 1)
+
+    text = console.file.getvalue()
+    # https://bugs.python.org/issue37871
+    for line in text.splitlines(True):
+        print(line, end="")
+
+    print(f"rendered in {pre_cache_taken}ms (cold cache)")
+    print(f"rendered in {taken}ms (warm cache)")
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich.panel import Panel
+
+    console = Console()
+
+    sponsor_message = Table.grid(padding=1)
+    sponsor_message.add_column(style="green", justify="right")
+    sponsor_message.add_column(no_wrap=True)
+
+    sponsor_message.add_row(
+        "Buy devs a :coffee:",
+        "[u blue link=https://ko-fi.com/textualize]https://ko-fi.com/textualize",
+    )
+    sponsor_message.add_row(
+        "Twitter",
+        "[u blue link=https://twitter.com/willmcgugan]https://twitter.com/willmcgugan",
+    )
+    sponsor_message.add_row(
+        "Blog", "[u blue link=https://www.willmcgugan.com]https://www.willmcgugan.com"
+    )
+
+    intro_message = Text.from_markup(
+        """\
+We hope you enjoy using Rich!
+
+Rich is maintained with :heart: by [link=https://www.textualize.io]Textualize.io[/]
+
+- Will McGugan"""
+    )
+
+    message = Table.grid(padding=2)
+    message.add_column()
+    message.add_column(no_wrap=True)
+    message.add_row(intro_message, sponsor_message)
+
+    console.print(
+        Panel.fit(
+            message,
+            box=box.ROUNDED,
+            padding=(1, 2),
+            title="[b red]Thanks for trying out Rich!",
+            border_style="bright_blue",
+        ),
+        justify="center",
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_cell_widths.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_cell_widths.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36286df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_cell_widths.py
@@ -0,0 +1,451 @@
+# Auto generated by make_terminal_widths.py
+
+CELL_WIDTHS = [
+    (0, 0, 0),
+    (1, 31, -1),
+    (127, 159, -1),
+    (768, 879, 0),
+    (1155, 1161, 0),
+    (1425, 1469, 0),
+    (1471, 1471, 0),
+    (1473, 1474, 0),
+    (1476, 1477, 0),
+    (1479, 1479, 0),
+    (1552, 1562, 0),
+    (1611, 1631, 0),
+    (1648, 1648, 0),
+    (1750, 1756, 0),
+    (1759, 1764, 0),
+    (1767, 1768, 0),
+    (1770, 1773, 0),
+    (1809, 1809, 0),
+    (1840, 1866, 0),
+    (1958, 1968, 0),
+    (2027, 2035, 0),
+    (2045, 2045, 0),
+    (2070, 2073, 0),
+    (2075, 2083, 0),
+    (2085, 2087, 0),
+    (2089, 2093, 0),
+    (2137, 2139, 0),
+    (2259, 2273, 0),
+    (2275, 2306, 0),
+    (2362, 2362, 0),
+    (2364, 2364, 0),
+    (2369, 2376, 0),
+    (2381, 2381, 0),
+    (2385, 2391, 0),
+    (2402, 2403, 0),
+    (2433, 2433, 0),
+    (2492, 2492, 0),
+    (2497, 2500, 0),
+    (2509, 2509, 0),
+    (2530, 2531, 0),
+    (2558, 2558, 0),
+    (2561, 2562, 0),
+    (2620, 2620, 0),
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+    (2641, 2641, 0),
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+    (2786, 2787, 0),
+    (2810, 2815, 0),
+    (2817, 2817, 0),
+    (2876, 2876, 0),
+    (2879, 2879, 0),
+    (2881, 2884, 0),
+    (2893, 2893, 0),
+    (2901, 2902, 0),
+    (2914, 2915, 0),
+    (2946, 2946, 0),
+    (3008, 3008, 0),
+    (3021, 3021, 0),
+    (3072, 3072, 0),
+    (3076, 3076, 0),
+    (3134, 3136, 0),
+    (3142, 3144, 0),
+    (3146, 3149, 0),
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+    (196608, 262141, 2),
+    (917760, 917999, 0),
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_emoji_codes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_emoji_codes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f2877b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_emoji_codes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3610 @@
+EMOJI = {
+    "1st_place_medal": "🥇",
+    "2nd_place_medal": "🥈",
+    "3rd_place_medal": "🥉",
+    "ab_button_(blood_type)": "🆎",
+    "atm_sign": "🏧",
+    "a_button_(blood_type)": "🅰",
+    "afghanistan": "🇦🇫",
+    "albania": "🇦🇱",
+    "algeria": "🇩🇿",
+    "american_samoa": "🇦🇸",
+    "andorra": "🇦🇩",
+    "angola": "🇦🇴",
+    "anguilla": "🇦🇮",
+    "antarctica": "🇦🇶",
+    "antigua_&_barbuda": "🇦🇬",
+    "aquarius": "♒",
+    "argentina": "🇦🇷",
+    "aries": "♈",
+    "armenia": "🇦🇲",
+    "aruba": "🇦🇼",
+    "ascension_island": "🇦🇨",
+    "australia": "🇦🇺",
+    "austria": "🇦🇹",
+    "azerbaijan": "🇦🇿",
+    "back_arrow": "🔙",
+    "b_button_(blood_type)": "🅱",
+    "bahamas": "🇧🇸",
+    "bahrain": "🇧🇭",
+    "bangladesh": "🇧🇩",
+    "barbados": "🇧🇧",
+    "belarus": "🇧🇾",
+    "belgium": "🇧🇪",
+    "belize": "🇧🇿",
+    "benin": "🇧🇯",
+    "bermuda": "🇧🇲",
+    "bhutan": "🇧🇹",
+    "bolivia": "🇧🇴",
+    "bosnia_&_herzegovina": "🇧🇦",
+    "botswana": "🇧🇼",
+    "bouvet_island": "🇧🇻",
+    "brazil": "🇧🇷",
+    "british_indian_ocean_territory": "🇮🇴",
+    "british_virgin_islands": "🇻🇬",
+    "brunei": "🇧🇳",
+    "bulgaria": "🇧🇬",
+    "burkina_faso": "🇧🇫",
+    "burundi": "🇧🇮",
+    "cl_button": "🆑",
+    "cool_button": "🆒",
+    "cambodia": "🇰🇭",
+    "cameroon": "🇨🇲",
+    "canada": "🇨🇦",
+    "canary_islands": "🇮🇨",
+    "cancer": "♋",
+    "cape_verde": "🇨🇻",
+    "capricorn": "♑",
+    "caribbean_netherlands": "🇧🇶",
+    "cayman_islands": "🇰🇾",
+    "central_african_republic": "🇨🇫",
+    "ceuta_&_melilla": "🇪🇦",
+    "chad": "🇹🇩",
+    "chile": "🇨🇱",
+    "china": "🇨🇳",
+    "christmas_island": "🇨🇽",
+    "christmas_tree": "🎄",
+    "clipperton_island": "🇨🇵",
+    "cocos_(keeling)_islands": "🇨🇨",
+    "colombia": "🇨🇴",
+    "comoros": "🇰🇲",
+    "congo_-_brazzaville": "🇨🇬",
+    "congo_-_kinshasa": "🇨🇩",
+    "cook_islands": "🇨🇰",
+    "costa_rica": "🇨🇷",
+    "croatia": "🇭🇷",
+    "cuba": "🇨🇺",
+    "curaçao": "🇨🇼",
+    "cyprus": "🇨🇾",
+    "czechia": "🇨🇿",
+    "côte_d’ivoire": "🇨🇮",
+    "denmark": "🇩🇰",
+    "diego_garcia": "🇩🇬",
+    "djibouti": "🇩🇯",
+    "dominica": "🇩🇲",
+    "dominican_republic": "🇩🇴",
+    "end_arrow": "🔚",
+    "ecuador": "🇪🇨",
+    "egypt": "🇪🇬",
+    "el_salvador": "🇸🇻",
+    "england": "🏴\U000e0067\U000e0062\U000e0065\U000e006e\U000e0067\U000e007f",
+    "equatorial_guinea": "🇬🇶",
+    "eritrea": "🇪🇷",
+    "estonia": "🇪🇪",
+    "ethiopia": "🇪🇹",
+    "european_union": "🇪🇺",
+    "free_button": "🆓",
+    "falkland_islands": "🇫🇰",
+    "faroe_islands": "🇫🇴",
+    "fiji": "🇫🇯",
+    "finland": "🇫🇮",
+    "france": "🇫🇷",
+    "french_guiana": "🇬🇫",
+    "french_polynesia": "🇵🇫",
+    "french_southern_territories": "🇹🇫",
+    "gabon": "🇬🇦",
+    "gambia": "🇬🇲",
+    "gemini": "♊",
+    "georgia": "🇬🇪",
+    "germany": "🇩🇪",
+    "ghana": "🇬🇭",
+    "gibraltar": "🇬🇮",
+    "greece": "🇬🇷",
+    "greenland": "🇬🇱",
+    "grenada": "🇬🇩",
+    "guadeloupe": "🇬🇵",
+    "guam": "🇬🇺",
+    "guatemala": "🇬🇹",
+    "guernsey": "🇬🇬",
+    "guinea": "🇬🇳",
+    "guinea-bissau": "🇬🇼",
+    "guyana": "🇬🇾",
+    "haiti": "🇭🇹",
+    "heard_&_mcdonald_islands": "🇭🇲",
+    "honduras": "🇭🇳",
+    "hong_kong_sar_china": "🇭🇰",
+    "hungary": "🇭🇺",
+    "id_button": "🆔",
+    "iceland": "🇮🇸",
+    "india": "🇮🇳",
+    "indonesia": "🇮🇩",
+    "iran": "🇮🇷",
+    "iraq": "🇮🇶",
+    "ireland": "🇮🇪",
+    "isle_of_man": "🇮🇲",
+    "israel": "🇮🇱",
+    "italy": "🇮🇹",
+    "jamaica": "🇯🇲",
+    "japan": "🗾",
+    "japanese_acceptable_button": "🉑",
+    "japanese_application_button": "🈸",
+    "japanese_bargain_button": "🉐",
+    "japanese_castle": "🏯",
+    "japanese_congratulations_button": "㊗",
+    "japanese_discount_button": "🈹",
+    "japanese_dolls": "🎎",
+    "japanese_free_of_charge_button": "🈚",
+    "japanese_here_button": "🈁",
+    "japanese_monthly_amount_button": "🈷",
+    "japanese_no_vacancy_button": "🈵",
+    "japanese_not_free_of_charge_button": "🈶",
+    "japanese_open_for_business_button": "🈺",
+    "japanese_passing_grade_button": "🈴",
+    "japanese_post_office": "🏣",
+    "japanese_prohibited_button": "🈲",
+    "japanese_reserved_button": "🈯",
+    "japanese_secret_button": "㊙",
+    "japanese_service_charge_button": "🈂",
+    "japanese_symbol_for_beginner": "🔰",
+    "japanese_vacancy_button": "🈳",
+    "jersey": "🇯🇪",
+    "jordan": "🇯🇴",
+    "kazakhstan": "🇰🇿",
+    "kenya": "🇰🇪",
+    "kiribati": "🇰🇮",
+    "kosovo": "🇽🇰",
+    "kuwait": "🇰🇼",
+    "kyrgyzstan": "🇰🇬",
+    "laos": "🇱🇦",
+    "latvia": "🇱🇻",
+    "lebanon": "🇱🇧",
+    "leo": "♌",
+    "lesotho": "🇱🇸",
+    "liberia": "🇱🇷",
+    "libra": "♎",
+    "libya": "🇱🇾",
+    "liechtenstein": "🇱🇮",
+    "lithuania": "🇱🇹",
+    "luxembourg": "🇱🇺",
+    "macau_sar_china": "🇲🇴",
+    "macedonia": "🇲🇰",
+    "madagascar": "🇲🇬",
+    "malawi": "🇲🇼",
+    "malaysia": "🇲🇾",
+    "maldives": "🇲🇻",
+    "mali": "🇲🇱",
+    "malta": "🇲🇹",
+    "marshall_islands": "🇲🇭",
+    "martinique": "🇲🇶",
+    "mauritania": "🇲🇷",
+    "mauritius": "🇲🇺",
+    "mayotte": "🇾🇹",
+    "mexico": "🇲🇽",
+    "micronesia": "🇫🇲",
+    "moldova": "🇲🇩",
+    "monaco": "🇲🇨",
+    "mongolia": "🇲🇳",
+    "montenegro": "🇲🇪",
+    "montserrat": "🇲🇸",
+    "morocco": "🇲🇦",
+    "mozambique": "🇲🇿",
+    "mrs._claus": "🤶",
+    "mrs._claus_dark_skin_tone": "🤶🏿",
+    "mrs._claus_light_skin_tone": "🤶🏻",
+    "mrs._claus_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤶🏾",
+    "mrs._claus_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤶🏼",
+    "mrs._claus_medium_skin_tone": "🤶🏽",
+    "myanmar_(burma)": "🇲🇲",
+    "new_button": "🆕",
+    "ng_button": "🆖",
+    "namibia": "🇳🇦",
+    "nauru": "🇳🇷",
+    "nepal": "🇳🇵",
+    "netherlands": "🇳🇱",
+    "new_caledonia": "🇳🇨",
+    "new_zealand": "🇳🇿",
+    "nicaragua": "🇳🇮",
+    "niger": "🇳🇪",
+    "nigeria": "🇳🇬",
+    "niue": "🇳🇺",
+    "norfolk_island": "🇳🇫",
+    "north_korea": "🇰🇵",
+    "northern_mariana_islands": "🇲🇵",
+    "norway": "🇳🇴",
+    "ok_button": "🆗",
+    "ok_hand": "👌",
+    "ok_hand_dark_skin_tone": "👌🏿",
+    "ok_hand_light_skin_tone": "👌🏻",
+    "ok_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👌🏾",
+    "ok_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "👌🏼",
+    "ok_hand_medium_skin_tone": "👌🏽",
+    "on!_arrow": "🔛",
+    "o_button_(blood_type)": "🅾",
+    "oman": "🇴🇲",
+    "ophiuchus": "⛎",
+    "p_button": "🅿",
+    "pakistan": "🇵🇰",
+    "palau": "🇵🇼",
+    "palestinian_territories": "🇵🇸",
+    "panama": "🇵🇦",
+    "papua_new_guinea": "🇵🇬",
+    "paraguay": "🇵🇾",
+    "peru": "🇵🇪",
+    "philippines": "🇵🇭",
+    "pisces": "♓",
+    "pitcairn_islands": "🇵🇳",
+    "poland": "🇵🇱",
+    "portugal": "🇵🇹",
+    "puerto_rico": "🇵🇷",
+    "qatar": "🇶🇦",
+    "romania": "🇷🇴",
+    "russia": "🇷🇺",
+    "rwanda": "🇷🇼",
+    "réunion": "🇷🇪",
+    "soon_arrow": "🔜",
+    "sos_button": "🆘",
+    "sagittarius": "♐",
+    "samoa": "🇼🇸",
+    "san_marino": "🇸🇲",
+    "santa_claus": "🎅",
+    "santa_claus_dark_skin_tone": "🎅🏿",
+    "santa_claus_light_skin_tone": "🎅🏻",
+    "santa_claus_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🎅🏾",
+    "santa_claus_medium-light_skin_tone": "🎅🏼",
+    "santa_claus_medium_skin_tone": "🎅🏽",
+    "saudi_arabia": "🇸🇦",
+    "scorpio": "♏",
+    "scotland": "🏴\U000e0067\U000e0062\U000e0073\U000e0063\U000e0074\U000e007f",
+    "senegal": "🇸🇳",
+    "serbia": "🇷🇸",
+    "seychelles": "🇸🇨",
+    "sierra_leone": "🇸🇱",
+    "singapore": "🇸🇬",
+    "sint_maarten": "🇸🇽",
+    "slovakia": "🇸🇰",
+    "slovenia": "🇸🇮",
+    "solomon_islands": "🇸🇧",
+    "somalia": "🇸🇴",
+    "south_africa": "🇿🇦",
+    "south_georgia_&_south_sandwich_islands": "🇬🇸",
+    "south_korea": "🇰🇷",
+    "south_sudan": "🇸🇸",
+    "spain": "🇪🇸",
+    "sri_lanka": "🇱🇰",
+    "st._barthélemy": "🇧🇱",
+    "st._helena": "🇸🇭",
+    "st._kitts_&_nevis": "🇰🇳",
+    "st._lucia": "🇱🇨",
+    "st._martin": "🇲🇫",
+    "st._pierre_&_miquelon": "🇵🇲",
+    "st._vincent_&_grenadines": "🇻🇨",
+    "statue_of_liberty": "🗽",
+    "sudan": "🇸🇩",
+    "suriname": "🇸🇷",
+    "svalbard_&_jan_mayen": "🇸🇯",
+    "swaziland": "🇸🇿",
+    "sweden": "🇸🇪",
+    "switzerland": "🇨🇭",
+    "syria": "🇸🇾",
+    "são_tomé_&_príncipe": "🇸🇹",
+    "t-rex": "🦖",
+    "top_arrow": "🔝",
+    "taiwan": "🇹🇼",
+    "tajikistan": "🇹🇯",
+    "tanzania": "🇹🇿",
+    "taurus": "♉",
+    "thailand": "🇹🇭",
+    "timor-leste": "🇹🇱",
+    "togo": "🇹🇬",
+    "tokelau": "🇹🇰",
+    "tokyo_tower": "🗼",
+    "tonga": "🇹🇴",
+    "trinidad_&_tobago": "🇹🇹",
+    "tristan_da_cunha": "🇹🇦",
+    "tunisia": "🇹🇳",
+    "turkey": "🦃",
+    "turkmenistan": "🇹🇲",
+    "turks_&_caicos_islands": "🇹🇨",
+    "tuvalu": "🇹🇻",
+    "u.s._outlying_islands": "🇺🇲",
+    "u.s._virgin_islands": "🇻🇮",
+    "up!_button": "🆙",
+    "uganda": "🇺🇬",
+    "ukraine": "🇺🇦",
+    "united_arab_emirates": "🇦🇪",
+    "united_kingdom": "🇬🇧",
+    "united_nations": "🇺🇳",
+    "united_states": "🇺🇸",
+    "uruguay": "🇺🇾",
+    "uzbekistan": "🇺🇿",
+    "vs_button": "🆚",
+    "vanuatu": "🇻🇺",
+    "vatican_city": "🇻🇦",
+    "venezuela": "🇻🇪",
+    "vietnam": "🇻🇳",
+    "virgo": "♍",
+    "wales": "🏴\U000e0067\U000e0062\U000e0077\U000e006c\U000e0073\U000e007f",
+    "wallis_&_futuna": "🇼🇫",
+    "western_sahara": "🇪🇭",
+    "yemen": "🇾🇪",
+    "zambia": "🇿🇲",
+    "zimbabwe": "🇿🇼",
+    "abacus": "🧮",
+    "adhesive_bandage": "🩹",
+    "admission_tickets": "🎟",
+    "adult": "🧑",
+    "adult_dark_skin_tone": "🧑🏿",
+    "adult_light_skin_tone": "🧑🏻",
+    "adult_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧑🏾",
+    "adult_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧑🏼",
+    "adult_medium_skin_tone": "🧑🏽",
+    "aerial_tramway": "🚡",
+    "airplane": "✈",
+    "airplane_arrival": "🛬",
+    "airplane_departure": "🛫",
+    "alarm_clock": "⏰",
+    "alembic": "⚗",
+    "alien": "👽",
+    "alien_monster": "👾",
+    "ambulance": "🚑",
+    "american_football": "🏈",
+    "amphora": "🏺",
+    "anchor": "⚓",
+    "anger_symbol": "💢",
+    "angry_face": "😠",
+    "angry_face_with_horns": "👿",
+    "anguished_face": "😧",
+    "ant": "🐜",
+    "antenna_bars": "📶",
+    "anxious_face_with_sweat": "😰",
+    "articulated_lorry": "🚛",
+    "artist_palette": "🎨",
+    "astonished_face": "😲",
+    "atom_symbol": "⚛",
+    "auto_rickshaw": "🛺",
+    "automobile": "🚗",
+    "avocado": "🥑",
+    "axe": "🪓",
+    "baby": "👶",
+    "baby_angel": "👼",
+    "baby_angel_dark_skin_tone": "👼🏿",
+    "baby_angel_light_skin_tone": "👼🏻",
+    "baby_angel_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👼🏾",
+    "baby_angel_medium-light_skin_tone": "👼🏼",
+    "baby_angel_medium_skin_tone": "👼🏽",
+    "baby_bottle": "🍼",
+    "baby_chick": "🐤",
+    "baby_dark_skin_tone": "👶🏿",
+    "baby_light_skin_tone": "👶🏻",
+    "baby_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👶🏾",
+    "baby_medium-light_skin_tone": "👶🏼",
+    "baby_medium_skin_tone": "👶🏽",
+    "baby_symbol": "🚼",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_down": "👇",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_down_dark_skin_tone": "👇🏿",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_down_light_skin_tone": "👇🏻",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_down_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👇🏾",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_down_medium-light_skin_tone": "👇🏼",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_down_medium_skin_tone": "👇🏽",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_left": "👈",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_left_dark_skin_tone": "👈🏿",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_left_light_skin_tone": "👈🏻",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_left_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👈🏾",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_left_medium-light_skin_tone": "👈🏼",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_left_medium_skin_tone": "👈🏽",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_right": "👉",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_right_dark_skin_tone": "👉🏿",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_right_light_skin_tone": "👉🏻",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_right_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👉🏾",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_right_medium-light_skin_tone": "👉🏼",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_right_medium_skin_tone": "👉🏽",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_up": "👆",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_up_dark_skin_tone": "👆🏿",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_up_light_skin_tone": "👆🏻",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_up_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👆🏾",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_up_medium-light_skin_tone": "👆🏼",
+    "backhand_index_pointing_up_medium_skin_tone": "👆🏽",
+    "bacon": "🥓",
+    "badger": "🦡",
+    "badminton": "🏸",
+    "bagel": "🥯",
+    "baggage_claim": "🛄",
+    "baguette_bread": "🥖",
+    "balance_scale": "⚖",
+    "bald": "🦲",
+    "bald_man": "👨\u200d🦲",
+    "bald_woman": "👩\u200d🦲",
+    "ballet_shoes": "🩰",
+    "balloon": "🎈",
+    "ballot_box_with_ballot": "🗳",
+    "ballot_box_with_check": "☑",
+    "banana": "🍌",
+    "banjo": "🪕",
+    "bank": "🏦",
+    "bar_chart": "📊",
+    "barber_pole": "💈",
+    "baseball": "⚾",
+    "basket": "🧺",
+    "basketball": "🏀",
+    "bat": "🦇",
+    "bathtub": "🛁",
+    "battery": "🔋",
+    "beach_with_umbrella": "🏖",
+    "beaming_face_with_smiling_eyes": "😁",
+    "bear_face": "🐻",
+    "bearded_person": "🧔",
+    "bearded_person_dark_skin_tone": "🧔🏿",
+    "bearded_person_light_skin_tone": "🧔🏻",
+    "bearded_person_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧔🏾",
+    "bearded_person_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧔🏼",
+    "bearded_person_medium_skin_tone": "🧔🏽",
+    "beating_heart": "💓",
+    "bed": "🛏",
+    "beer_mug": "🍺",
+    "bell": "🔔",
+    "bell_with_slash": "🔕",
+    "bellhop_bell": "🛎",
+    "bento_box": "🍱",
+    "beverage_box": "🧃",
+    "bicycle": "🚲",
+    "bikini": "👙",
+    "billed_cap": "🧢",
+    "biohazard": "☣",
+    "bird": "🐦",
+    "birthday_cake": "🎂",
+    "black_circle": "⚫",
+    "black_flag": "🏴",
+    "black_heart": "🖤",
+    "black_large_square": "⬛",
+    "black_medium-small_square": "◾",
+    "black_medium_square": "◼",
+    "black_nib": "✒",
+    "black_small_square": "▪",
+    "black_square_button": "🔲",
+    "blond-haired_man": "👱\u200d♂️",
+    "blond-haired_man_dark_skin_tone": "👱🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "blond-haired_man_light_skin_tone": "👱🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "blond-haired_man_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👱🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "blond-haired_man_medium-light_skin_tone": "👱🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "blond-haired_man_medium_skin_tone": "👱🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "blond-haired_person": "👱",
+    "blond-haired_person_dark_skin_tone": "👱🏿",
+    "blond-haired_person_light_skin_tone": "👱🏻",
+    "blond-haired_person_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👱🏾",
+    "blond-haired_person_medium-light_skin_tone": "👱🏼",
+    "blond-haired_person_medium_skin_tone": "👱🏽",
+    "blond-haired_woman": "👱\u200d♀️",
+    "blond-haired_woman_dark_skin_tone": "👱🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "blond-haired_woman_light_skin_tone": "👱🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "blond-haired_woman_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👱🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "blond-haired_woman_medium-light_skin_tone": "👱🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "blond-haired_woman_medium_skin_tone": "👱🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "blossom": "🌼",
+    "blowfish": "🐡",
+    "blue_book": "📘",
+    "blue_circle": "🔵",
+    "blue_heart": "💙",
+    "blue_square": "🟦",
+    "boar": "🐗",
+    "bomb": "💣",
+    "bone": "🦴",
+    "bookmark": "🔖",
+    "bookmark_tabs": "📑",
+    "books": "📚",
+    "bottle_with_popping_cork": "🍾",
+    "bouquet": "💐",
+    "bow_and_arrow": "🏹",
+    "bowl_with_spoon": "🥣",
+    "bowling": "🎳",
+    "boxing_glove": "🥊",
+    "boy": "👦",
+    "boy_dark_skin_tone": "👦🏿",
+    "boy_light_skin_tone": "👦🏻",
+    "boy_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👦🏾",
+    "boy_medium-light_skin_tone": "👦🏼",
+    "boy_medium_skin_tone": "👦🏽",
+    "brain": "🧠",
+    "bread": "🍞",
+    "breast-feeding": "🤱",
+    "breast-feeding_dark_skin_tone": "🤱🏿",
+    "breast-feeding_light_skin_tone": "🤱🏻",
+    "breast-feeding_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤱🏾",
+    "breast-feeding_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤱🏼",
+    "breast-feeding_medium_skin_tone": "🤱🏽",
+    "brick": "🧱",
+    "bride_with_veil": "👰",
+    "bride_with_veil_dark_skin_tone": "👰🏿",
+    "bride_with_veil_light_skin_tone": "👰🏻",
+    "bride_with_veil_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👰🏾",
+    "bride_with_veil_medium-light_skin_tone": "👰🏼",
+    "bride_with_veil_medium_skin_tone": "👰🏽",
+    "bridge_at_night": "🌉",
+    "briefcase": "💼",
+    "briefs": "🩲",
+    "bright_button": "🔆",
+    "broccoli": "🥦",
+    "broken_heart": "💔",
+    "broom": "🧹",
+    "brown_circle": "🟤",
+    "brown_heart": "🤎",
+    "brown_square": "🟫",
+    "bug": "🐛",
+    "building_construction": "🏗",
+    "bullet_train": "🚅",
+    "burrito": "🌯",
+    "bus": "🚌",
+    "bus_stop": "🚏",
+    "bust_in_silhouette": "👤",
+    "busts_in_silhouette": "👥",
+    "butter": "🧈",
+    "butterfly": "🦋",
+    "cactus": "🌵",
+    "calendar": "📆",
+    "call_me_hand": "🤙",
+    "call_me_hand_dark_skin_tone": "🤙🏿",
+    "call_me_hand_light_skin_tone": "🤙🏻",
+    "call_me_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤙🏾",
+    "call_me_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤙🏼",
+    "call_me_hand_medium_skin_tone": "🤙🏽",
+    "camel": "🐫",
+    "camera": "📷",
+    "camera_with_flash": "📸",
+    "camping": "🏕",
+    "candle": "🕯",
+    "candy": "🍬",
+    "canned_food": "🥫",
+    "canoe": "🛶",
+    "card_file_box": "🗃",
+    "card_index": "📇",
+    "card_index_dividers": "🗂",
+    "carousel_horse": "🎠",
+    "carp_streamer": "🎏",
+    "carrot": "🥕",
+    "castle": "🏰",
+    "cat": "🐱",
+    "cat_face": "🐱",
+    "cat_face_with_tears_of_joy": "😹",
+    "cat_face_with_wry_smile": "😼",
+    "chains": "⛓",
+    "chair": "🪑",
+    "chart_decreasing": "📉",
+    "chart_increasing": "📈",
+    "chart_increasing_with_yen": "💹",
+    "cheese_wedge": "🧀",
+    "chequered_flag": "🏁",
+    "cherries": "🍒",
+    "cherry_blossom": "🌸",
+    "chess_pawn": "♟",
+    "chestnut": "🌰",
+    "chicken": "🐔",
+    "child": "🧒",
+    "child_dark_skin_tone": "🧒🏿",
+    "child_light_skin_tone": "🧒🏻",
+    "child_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧒🏾",
+    "child_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧒🏼",
+    "child_medium_skin_tone": "🧒🏽",
+    "children_crossing": "🚸",
+    "chipmunk": "🐿",
+    "chocolate_bar": "🍫",
+    "chopsticks": "🥢",
+    "church": "⛪",
+    "cigarette": "🚬",
+    "cinema": "🎦",
+    "circled_m": "Ⓜ",
+    "circus_tent": "🎪",
+    "cityscape": "🏙",
+    "cityscape_at_dusk": "🌆",
+    "clamp": "🗜",
+    "clapper_board": "🎬",
+    "clapping_hands": "👏",
+    "clapping_hands_dark_skin_tone": "👏🏿",
+    "clapping_hands_light_skin_tone": "👏🏻",
+    "clapping_hands_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👏🏾",
+    "clapping_hands_medium-light_skin_tone": "👏🏼",
+    "clapping_hands_medium_skin_tone": "👏🏽",
+    "classical_building": "🏛",
+    "clinking_beer_mugs": "🍻",
+    "clinking_glasses": "🥂",
+    "clipboard": "📋",
+    "clockwise_vertical_arrows": "🔃",
+    "closed_book": "📕",
+    "closed_mailbox_with_lowered_flag": "📪",
+    "closed_mailbox_with_raised_flag": "📫",
+    "closed_umbrella": "🌂",
+    "cloud": "☁",
+    "cloud_with_lightning": "🌩",
+    "cloud_with_lightning_and_rain": "⛈",
+    "cloud_with_rain": "🌧",
+    "cloud_with_snow": "🌨",
+    "clown_face": "🤡",
+    "club_suit": "♣",
+    "clutch_bag": "👝",
+    "coat": "🧥",
+    "cocktail_glass": "🍸",
+    "coconut": "🥥",
+    "coffin": "⚰",
+    "cold_face": "🥶",
+    "collision": "💥",
+    "comet": "☄",
+    "compass": "🧭",
+    "computer_disk": "💽",
+    "computer_mouse": "🖱",
+    "confetti_ball": "🎊",
+    "confounded_face": "😖",
+    "confused_face": "😕",
+    "construction": "🚧",
+    "construction_worker": "👷",
+    "construction_worker_dark_skin_tone": "👷🏿",
+    "construction_worker_light_skin_tone": "👷🏻",
+    "construction_worker_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👷🏾",
+    "construction_worker_medium-light_skin_tone": "👷🏼",
+    "construction_worker_medium_skin_tone": "👷🏽",
+    "control_knobs": "🎛",
+    "convenience_store": "🏪",
+    "cooked_rice": "🍚",
+    "cookie": "🍪",
+    "cooking": "🍳",
+    "copyright": "©",
+    "couch_and_lamp": "🛋",
+    "counterclockwise_arrows_button": "🔄",
+    "couple_with_heart": "💑",
+    "couple_with_heart_man_man": "👨\u200d❤️\u200d👨",
+    "couple_with_heart_woman_man": "👩\u200d❤️\u200d👨",
+    "couple_with_heart_woman_woman": "👩\u200d❤️\u200d👩",
+    "cow": "🐮",
+    "cow_face": "🐮",
+    "cowboy_hat_face": "🤠",
+    "crab": "🦀",
+    "crayon": "🖍",
+    "credit_card": "💳",
+    "crescent_moon": "🌙",
+    "cricket": "🦗",
+    "cricket_game": "🏏",
+    "crocodile": "🐊",
+    "croissant": "🥐",
+    "cross_mark": "❌",
+    "cross_mark_button": "❎",
+    "crossed_fingers": "🤞",
+    "crossed_fingers_dark_skin_tone": "🤞🏿",
+    "crossed_fingers_light_skin_tone": "🤞🏻",
+    "crossed_fingers_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤞🏾",
+    "crossed_fingers_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤞🏼",
+    "crossed_fingers_medium_skin_tone": "🤞🏽",
+    "crossed_flags": "🎌",
+    "crossed_swords": "⚔",
+    "crown": "👑",
+    "crying_cat_face": "😿",
+    "crying_face": "😢",
+    "crystal_ball": "🔮",
+    "cucumber": "🥒",
+    "cupcake": "🧁",
+    "cup_with_straw": "🥤",
+    "curling_stone": "🥌",
+    "curly_hair": "🦱",
+    "curly-haired_man": "👨\u200d🦱",
+    "curly-haired_woman": "👩\u200d🦱",
+    "curly_loop": "➰",
+    "currency_exchange": "💱",
+    "curry_rice": "🍛",
+    "custard": "🍮",
+    "customs": "🛃",
+    "cut_of_meat": "🥩",
+    "cyclone": "🌀",
+    "dagger": "🗡",
+    "dango": "🍡",
+    "dashing_away": "💨",
+    "deaf_person": "🧏",
+    "deciduous_tree": "🌳",
+    "deer": "🦌",
+    "delivery_truck": "🚚",
+    "department_store": "🏬",
+    "derelict_house": "🏚",
+    "desert": "🏜",
+    "desert_island": "🏝",
+    "desktop_computer": "🖥",
+    "detective": "🕵",
+    "detective_dark_skin_tone": "🕵🏿",
+    "detective_light_skin_tone": "🕵🏻",
+    "detective_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🕵🏾",
+    "detective_medium-light_skin_tone": "🕵🏼",
+    "detective_medium_skin_tone": "🕵🏽",
+    "diamond_suit": "♦",
+    "diamond_with_a_dot": "💠",
+    "dim_button": "🔅",
+    "direct_hit": "🎯",
+    "disappointed_face": "😞",
+    "diving_mask": "🤿",
+    "diya_lamp": "🪔",
+    "dizzy": "💫",
+    "dizzy_face": "😵",
+    "dna": "🧬",
+    "dog": "🐶",
+    "dog_face": "🐶",
+    "dollar_banknote": "💵",
+    "dolphin": "🐬",
+    "door": "🚪",
+    "dotted_six-pointed_star": "🔯",
+    "double_curly_loop": "➿",
+    "double_exclamation_mark": "‼",
+    "doughnut": "🍩",
+    "dove": "🕊",
+    "down-left_arrow": "↙",
+    "down-right_arrow": "↘",
+    "down_arrow": "⬇",
+    "downcast_face_with_sweat": "😓",
+    "downwards_button": "🔽",
+    "dragon": "🐉",
+    "dragon_face": "🐲",
+    "dress": "👗",
+    "drooling_face": "🤤",
+    "drop_of_blood": "🩸",
+    "droplet": "💧",
+    "drum": "🥁",
+    "duck": "🦆",
+    "dumpling": "🥟",
+    "dvd": "📀",
+    "e-mail": "📧",
+    "eagle": "🦅",
+    "ear": "👂",
+    "ear_dark_skin_tone": "👂🏿",
+    "ear_light_skin_tone": "👂🏻",
+    "ear_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👂🏾",
+    "ear_medium-light_skin_tone": "👂🏼",
+    "ear_medium_skin_tone": "👂🏽",
+    "ear_of_corn": "🌽",
+    "ear_with_hearing_aid": "🦻",
+    "egg": "🍳",
+    "eggplant": "🍆",
+    "eight-pointed_star": "✴",
+    "eight-spoked_asterisk": "✳",
+    "eight-thirty": "🕣",
+    "eight_o’clock": "🕗",
+    "eject_button": "⏏",
+    "electric_plug": "🔌",
+    "elephant": "🐘",
+    "eleven-thirty": "🕦",
+    "eleven_o’clock": "🕚",
+    "elf": "🧝",
+    "elf_dark_skin_tone": "🧝🏿",
+    "elf_light_skin_tone": "🧝🏻",
+    "elf_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧝🏾",
+    "elf_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧝🏼",
+    "elf_medium_skin_tone": "🧝🏽",
+    "envelope": "✉",
+    "envelope_with_arrow": "📩",
+    "euro_banknote": "💶",
+    "evergreen_tree": "🌲",
+    "ewe": "🐑",
+    "exclamation_mark": "❗",
+    "exclamation_question_mark": "⁉",
+    "exploding_head": "🤯",
+    "expressionless_face": "😑",
+    "eye": "👁",
+    "eye_in_speech_bubble": "👁️\u200d🗨️",
+    "eyes": "👀",
+    "face_blowing_a_kiss": "😘",
+    "face_savoring_food": "😋",
+    "face_screaming_in_fear": "😱",
+    "face_vomiting": "🤮",
+    "face_with_hand_over_mouth": "🤭",
+    "face_with_head-bandage": "🤕",
+    "face_with_medical_mask": "😷",
+    "face_with_monocle": "🧐",
+    "face_with_open_mouth": "😮",
+    "face_with_raised_eyebrow": "🤨",
+    "face_with_rolling_eyes": "🙄",
+    "face_with_steam_from_nose": "😤",
+    "face_with_symbols_on_mouth": "🤬",
+    "face_with_tears_of_joy": "😂",
+    "face_with_thermometer": "🤒",
+    "face_with_tongue": "😛",
+    "face_without_mouth": "😶",
+    "factory": "🏭",
+    "fairy": "🧚",
+    "fairy_dark_skin_tone": "🧚🏿",
+    "fairy_light_skin_tone": "🧚🏻",
+    "fairy_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧚🏾",
+    "fairy_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧚🏼",
+    "fairy_medium_skin_tone": "🧚🏽",
+    "falafel": "🧆",
+    "fallen_leaf": "🍂",
+    "family": "👪",
+    "family_man_boy": "👨\u200d👦",
+    "family_man_boy_boy": "👨\u200d👦\u200d👦",
+    "family_man_girl": "👨\u200d👧",
+    "family_man_girl_boy": "👨\u200d👧\u200d👦",
+    "family_man_girl_girl": "👨\u200d👧\u200d👧",
+    "family_man_man_boy": "👨\u200d👨\u200d👦",
+    "family_man_man_boy_boy": "👨\u200d👨\u200d👦\u200d👦",
+    "family_man_man_girl": "👨\u200d👨\u200d👧",
+    "family_man_man_girl_boy": "👨\u200d👨\u200d👧\u200d👦",
+    "family_man_man_girl_girl": "👨\u200d👨\u200d👧\u200d👧",
+    "family_man_woman_boy": "👨\u200d👩\u200d👦",
+    "family_man_woman_boy_boy": "👨\u200d👩\u200d👦\u200d👦",
+    "family_man_woman_girl": "👨\u200d👩\u200d👧",
+    "family_man_woman_girl_boy": "👨\u200d👩\u200d👧\u200d👦",
+    "family_man_woman_girl_girl": "👨\u200d👩\u200d👧\u200d👧",
+    "family_woman_boy": "👩\u200d👦",
+    "family_woman_boy_boy": "👩\u200d👦\u200d👦",
+    "family_woman_girl": "👩\u200d👧",
+    "family_woman_girl_boy": "👩\u200d👧\u200d👦",
+    "family_woman_girl_girl": "👩\u200d👧\u200d👧",
+    "family_woman_woman_boy": "👩\u200d👩\u200d👦",
+    "family_woman_woman_boy_boy": "👩\u200d👩\u200d👦\u200d👦",
+    "family_woman_woman_girl": "👩\u200d👩\u200d👧",
+    "family_woman_woman_girl_boy": "👩\u200d👩\u200d👧\u200d👦",
+    "family_woman_woman_girl_girl": "👩\u200d👩\u200d👧\u200d👧",
+    "fast-forward_button": "⏩",
+    "fast_down_button": "⏬",
+    "fast_reverse_button": "⏪",
+    "fast_up_button": "⏫",
+    "fax_machine": "📠",
+    "fearful_face": "😨",
+    "female_sign": "♀",
+    "ferris_wheel": "🎡",
+    "ferry": "⛴",
+    "field_hockey": "🏑",
+    "file_cabinet": "🗄",
+    "file_folder": "📁",
+    "film_frames": "🎞",
+    "film_projector": "📽",
+    "fire": "🔥",
+    "fire_extinguisher": "🧯",
+    "firecracker": "🧨",
+    "fire_engine": "🚒",
+    "fireworks": "🎆",
+    "first_quarter_moon": "🌓",
+    "first_quarter_moon_face": "🌛",
+    "fish": "🐟",
+    "fish_cake_with_swirl": "🍥",
+    "fishing_pole": "🎣",
+    "five-thirty": "🕠",
+    "five_o’clock": "🕔",
+    "flag_in_hole": "⛳",
+    "flamingo": "🦩",
+    "flashlight": "🔦",
+    "flat_shoe": "🥿",
+    "fleur-de-lis": "⚜",
+    "flexed_biceps": "💪",
+    "flexed_biceps_dark_skin_tone": "💪🏿",
+    "flexed_biceps_light_skin_tone": "💪🏻",
+    "flexed_biceps_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💪🏾",
+    "flexed_biceps_medium-light_skin_tone": "💪🏼",
+    "flexed_biceps_medium_skin_tone": "💪🏽",
+    "floppy_disk": "💾",
+    "flower_playing_cards": "🎴",
+    "flushed_face": "😳",
+    "flying_disc": "🥏",
+    "flying_saucer": "🛸",
+    "fog": "🌫",
+    "foggy": "🌁",
+    "folded_hands": "🙏",
+    "folded_hands_dark_skin_tone": "🙏🏿",
+    "folded_hands_light_skin_tone": "🙏🏻",
+    "folded_hands_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙏🏾",
+    "folded_hands_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙏🏼",
+    "folded_hands_medium_skin_tone": "🙏🏽",
+    "foot": "🦶",
+    "footprints": "👣",
+    "fork_and_knife": "🍴",
+    "fork_and_knife_with_plate": "🍽",
+    "fortune_cookie": "🥠",
+    "fountain": "⛲",
+    "fountain_pen": "🖋",
+    "four-thirty": "🕟",
+    "four_leaf_clover": "🍀",
+    "four_o’clock": "🕓",
+    "fox_face": "🦊",
+    "framed_picture": "🖼",
+    "french_fries": "🍟",
+    "fried_shrimp": "🍤",
+    "frog_face": "🐸",
+    "front-facing_baby_chick": "🐥",
+    "frowning_face": "☹",
+    "frowning_face_with_open_mouth": "😦",
+    "fuel_pump": "⛽",
+    "full_moon": "🌕",
+    "full_moon_face": "🌝",
+    "funeral_urn": "⚱",
+    "game_die": "🎲",
+    "garlic": "🧄",
+    "gear": "⚙",
+    "gem_stone": "💎",
+    "genie": "🧞",
+    "ghost": "👻",
+    "giraffe": "🦒",
+    "girl": "👧",
+    "girl_dark_skin_tone": "👧🏿",
+    "girl_light_skin_tone": "👧🏻",
+    "girl_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👧🏾",
+    "girl_medium-light_skin_tone": "👧🏼",
+    "girl_medium_skin_tone": "👧🏽",
+    "glass_of_milk": "🥛",
+    "glasses": "👓",
+    "globe_showing_americas": "🌎",
+    "globe_showing_asia-australia": "🌏",
+    "globe_showing_europe-africa": "🌍",
+    "globe_with_meridians": "🌐",
+    "gloves": "🧤",
+    "glowing_star": "🌟",
+    "goal_net": "🥅",
+    "goat": "🐐",
+    "goblin": "👺",
+    "goggles": "🥽",
+    "gorilla": "🦍",
+    "graduation_cap": "🎓",
+    "grapes": "🍇",
+    "green_apple": "🍏",
+    "green_book": "📗",
+    "green_circle": "🟢",
+    "green_heart": "💚",
+    "green_salad": "🥗",
+    "green_square": "🟩",
+    "grimacing_face": "😬",
+    "grinning_cat_face": "😺",
+    "grinning_cat_face_with_smiling_eyes": "😸",
+    "grinning_face": "😀",
+    "grinning_face_with_big_eyes": "😃",
+    "grinning_face_with_smiling_eyes": "😄",
+    "grinning_face_with_sweat": "😅",
+    "grinning_squinting_face": "😆",
+    "growing_heart": "💗",
+    "guard": "💂",
+    "guard_dark_skin_tone": "💂🏿",
+    "guard_light_skin_tone": "💂🏻",
+    "guard_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💂🏾",
+    "guard_medium-light_skin_tone": "💂🏼",
+    "guard_medium_skin_tone": "💂🏽",
+    "guide_dog": "🦮",
+    "guitar": "🎸",
+    "hamburger": "🍔",
+    "hammer": "🔨",
+    "hammer_and_pick": "⚒",
+    "hammer_and_wrench": "🛠",
+    "hamster_face": "🐹",
+    "hand_with_fingers_splayed": "🖐",
+    "hand_with_fingers_splayed_dark_skin_tone": "🖐🏿",
+    "hand_with_fingers_splayed_light_skin_tone": "🖐🏻",
+    "hand_with_fingers_splayed_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🖐🏾",
+    "hand_with_fingers_splayed_medium-light_skin_tone": "🖐🏼",
+    "hand_with_fingers_splayed_medium_skin_tone": "🖐🏽",
+    "handbag": "👜",
+    "handshake": "🤝",
+    "hatching_chick": "🐣",
+    "headphone": "🎧",
+    "hear-no-evil_monkey": "🙉",
+    "heart_decoration": "💟",
+    "heart_suit": "♥",
+    "heart_with_arrow": "💘",
+    "heart_with_ribbon": "💝",
+    "heavy_check_mark": "✔",
+    "heavy_division_sign": "➗",
+    "heavy_dollar_sign": "💲",
+    "heavy_heart_exclamation": "❣",
+    "heavy_large_circle": "⭕",
+    "heavy_minus_sign": "➖",
+    "heavy_multiplication_x": "✖",
+    "heavy_plus_sign": "➕",
+    "hedgehog": "🦔",
+    "helicopter": "🚁",
+    "herb": "🌿",
+    "hibiscus": "🌺",
+    "high-heeled_shoe": "👠",
+    "high-speed_train": "🚄",
+    "high_voltage": "⚡",
+    "hiking_boot": "🥾",
+    "hindu_temple": "🛕",
+    "hippopotamus": "🦛",
+    "hole": "🕳",
+    "honey_pot": "🍯",
+    "honeybee": "🐝",
+    "horizontal_traffic_light": "🚥",
+    "horse": "🐴",
+    "horse_face": "🐴",
+    "horse_racing": "🏇",
+    "horse_racing_dark_skin_tone": "🏇🏿",
+    "horse_racing_light_skin_tone": "🏇🏻",
+    "horse_racing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏇🏾",
+    "horse_racing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏇🏼",
+    "horse_racing_medium_skin_tone": "🏇🏽",
+    "hospital": "🏥",
+    "hot_beverage": "☕",
+    "hot_dog": "🌭",
+    "hot_face": "🥵",
+    "hot_pepper": "🌶",
+    "hot_springs": "♨",
+    "hotel": "🏨",
+    "hourglass_done": "⌛",
+    "hourglass_not_done": "⏳",
+    "house": "🏠",
+    "house_with_garden": "🏡",
+    "houses": "🏘",
+    "hugging_face": "🤗",
+    "hundred_points": "💯",
+    "hushed_face": "😯",
+    "ice": "🧊",
+    "ice_cream": "🍨",
+    "ice_hockey": "🏒",
+    "ice_skate": "⛸",
+    "inbox_tray": "📥",
+    "incoming_envelope": "📨",
+    "index_pointing_up": "☝",
+    "index_pointing_up_dark_skin_tone": "☝🏿",
+    "index_pointing_up_light_skin_tone": "☝🏻",
+    "index_pointing_up_medium-dark_skin_tone": "☝🏾",
+    "index_pointing_up_medium-light_skin_tone": "☝🏼",
+    "index_pointing_up_medium_skin_tone": "☝🏽",
+    "infinity": "♾",
+    "information": "ℹ",
+    "input_latin_letters": "🔤",
+    "input_latin_lowercase": "🔡",
+    "input_latin_uppercase": "🔠",
+    "input_numbers": "🔢",
+    "input_symbols": "🔣",
+    "jack-o-lantern": "🎃",
+    "jeans": "👖",
+    "jigsaw": "🧩",
+    "joker": "🃏",
+    "joystick": "🕹",
+    "kaaba": "🕋",
+    "kangaroo": "🦘",
+    "key": "🔑",
+    "keyboard": "⌨",
+    "keycap_#": "#️⃣",
+    "keycap_*": "*️⃣",
+    "keycap_0": "0️⃣",
+    "keycap_1": "1️⃣",
+    "keycap_10": "🔟",
+    "keycap_2": "2️⃣",
+    "keycap_3": "3️⃣",
+    "keycap_4": "4️⃣",
+    "keycap_5": "5️⃣",
+    "keycap_6": "6️⃣",
+    "keycap_7": "7️⃣",
+    "keycap_8": "8️⃣",
+    "keycap_9": "9️⃣",
+    "kick_scooter": "🛴",
+    "kimono": "👘",
+    "kiss": "💋",
+    "kiss_man_man": "👨\u200d❤️\u200d💋\u200d👨",
+    "kiss_mark": "💋",
+    "kiss_woman_man": "👩\u200d❤️\u200d💋\u200d👨",
+    "kiss_woman_woman": "👩\u200d❤️\u200d💋\u200d👩",
+    "kissing_cat_face": "😽",
+    "kissing_face": "😗",
+    "kissing_face_with_closed_eyes": "😚",
+    "kissing_face_with_smiling_eyes": "😙",
+    "kitchen_knife": "🔪",
+    "kite": "🪁",
+    "kiwi_fruit": "🥝",
+    "koala": "🐨",
+    "lab_coat": "🥼",
+    "label": "🏷",
+    "lacrosse": "🥍",
+    "lady_beetle": "🐞",
+    "laptop_computer": "💻",
+    "large_blue_diamond": "🔷",
+    "large_orange_diamond": "🔶",
+    "last_quarter_moon": "🌗",
+    "last_quarter_moon_face": "🌜",
+    "last_track_button": "⏮",
+    "latin_cross": "✝",
+    "leaf_fluttering_in_wind": "🍃",
+    "leafy_green": "🥬",
+    "ledger": "📒",
+    "left-facing_fist": "🤛",
+    "left-facing_fist_dark_skin_tone": "🤛🏿",
+    "left-facing_fist_light_skin_tone": "🤛🏻",
+    "left-facing_fist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤛🏾",
+    "left-facing_fist_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤛🏼",
+    "left-facing_fist_medium_skin_tone": "🤛🏽",
+    "left-right_arrow": "↔",
+    "left_arrow": "⬅",
+    "left_arrow_curving_right": "↪",
+    "left_luggage": "🛅",
+    "left_speech_bubble": "🗨",
+    "leg": "🦵",
+    "lemon": "🍋",
+    "leopard": "🐆",
+    "level_slider": "🎚",
+    "light_bulb": "💡",
+    "light_rail": "🚈",
+    "link": "🔗",
+    "linked_paperclips": "🖇",
+    "lion_face": "🦁",
+    "lipstick": "💄",
+    "litter_in_bin_sign": "🚮",
+    "lizard": "🦎",
+    "llama": "🦙",
+    "lobster": "🦞",
+    "locked": "🔒",
+    "locked_with_key": "🔐",
+    "locked_with_pen": "🔏",
+    "locomotive": "🚂",
+    "lollipop": "🍭",
+    "lotion_bottle": "🧴",
+    "loudly_crying_face": "😭",
+    "loudspeaker": "📢",
+    "love-you_gesture": "🤟",
+    "love-you_gesture_dark_skin_tone": "🤟🏿",
+    "love-you_gesture_light_skin_tone": "🤟🏻",
+    "love-you_gesture_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤟🏾",
+    "love-you_gesture_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤟🏼",
+    "love-you_gesture_medium_skin_tone": "🤟🏽",
+    "love_hotel": "🏩",
+    "love_letter": "💌",
+    "luggage": "🧳",
+    "lying_face": "🤥",
+    "mage": "🧙",
+    "mage_dark_skin_tone": "🧙🏿",
+    "mage_light_skin_tone": "🧙🏻",
+    "mage_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧙🏾",
+    "mage_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧙🏼",
+    "mage_medium_skin_tone": "🧙🏽",
+    "magnet": "🧲",
+    "magnifying_glass_tilted_left": "🔍",
+    "magnifying_glass_tilted_right": "🔎",
+    "mahjong_red_dragon": "🀄",
+    "male_sign": "♂",
+    "man": "👨",
+    "man_and_woman_holding_hands": "👫",
+    "man_artist": "👨\u200d🎨",
+    "man_artist_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🎨",
+    "man_artist_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🎨",
+    "man_artist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🎨",
+    "man_artist_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🎨",
+    "man_artist_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🎨",
+    "man_astronaut": "👨\u200d🚀",
+    "man_astronaut_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🚀",
+    "man_astronaut_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🚀",
+    "man_astronaut_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🚀",
+    "man_astronaut_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🚀",
+    "man_astronaut_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🚀",
+    "man_biking": "🚴\u200d♂️",
+    "man_biking_dark_skin_tone": "🚴🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_biking_light_skin_tone": "🚴🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_biking_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚴🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_biking_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚴🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_biking_medium_skin_tone": "🚴🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bouncing_ball": "⛹️\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bouncing_ball_dark_skin_tone": "⛹🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bouncing_ball_light_skin_tone": "⛹🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bouncing_ball_medium-dark_skin_tone": "⛹🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bouncing_ball_medium-light_skin_tone": "⛹🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bouncing_ball_medium_skin_tone": "⛹🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bowing": "🙇\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bowing_dark_skin_tone": "🙇🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bowing_light_skin_tone": "🙇🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bowing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙇🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bowing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙇🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_bowing_medium_skin_tone": "🙇🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_cartwheeling": "🤸\u200d♂️",
+    "man_cartwheeling_dark_skin_tone": "🤸🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_cartwheeling_light_skin_tone": "🤸🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_cartwheeling_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤸🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_cartwheeling_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤸🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_cartwheeling_medium_skin_tone": "🤸🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_climbing": "🧗\u200d♂️",
+    "man_climbing_dark_skin_tone": "🧗🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_climbing_light_skin_tone": "🧗🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_climbing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧗🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_climbing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧗🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_climbing_medium_skin_tone": "🧗🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_construction_worker": "👷\u200d♂️",
+    "man_construction_worker_dark_skin_tone": "👷🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_construction_worker_light_skin_tone": "👷🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_construction_worker_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👷🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_construction_worker_medium-light_skin_tone": "👷🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_construction_worker_medium_skin_tone": "👷🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_cook": "👨\u200d🍳",
+    "man_cook_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🍳",
+    "man_cook_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🍳",
+    "man_cook_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🍳",
+    "man_cook_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🍳",
+    "man_cook_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🍳",
+    "man_dancing": "🕺",
+    "man_dancing_dark_skin_tone": "🕺🏿",
+    "man_dancing_light_skin_tone": "🕺🏻",
+    "man_dancing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🕺🏾",
+    "man_dancing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🕺🏼",
+    "man_dancing_medium_skin_tone": "🕺🏽",
+    "man_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿",
+    "man_detective": "🕵️\u200d♂️",
+    "man_detective_dark_skin_tone": "🕵🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_detective_light_skin_tone": "🕵🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_detective_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🕵🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_detective_medium-light_skin_tone": "🕵🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_detective_medium_skin_tone": "🕵🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_elf": "🧝\u200d♂️",
+    "man_elf_dark_skin_tone": "🧝🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_elf_light_skin_tone": "🧝🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_elf_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧝🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_elf_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧝🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_elf_medium_skin_tone": "🧝🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_facepalming": "🤦\u200d♂️",
+    "man_facepalming_dark_skin_tone": "🤦🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_facepalming_light_skin_tone": "🤦🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_facepalming_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤦🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_facepalming_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤦🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_facepalming_medium_skin_tone": "🤦🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_factory_worker": "👨\u200d🏭",
+    "man_factory_worker_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🏭",
+    "man_factory_worker_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🏭",
+    "man_factory_worker_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🏭",
+    "man_factory_worker_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🏭",
+    "man_factory_worker_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🏭",
+    "man_fairy": "🧚\u200d♂️",
+    "man_fairy_dark_skin_tone": "🧚🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_fairy_light_skin_tone": "🧚🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_fairy_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧚🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_fairy_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧚🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_fairy_medium_skin_tone": "🧚🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_farmer": "👨\u200d🌾",
+    "man_farmer_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🌾",
+    "man_farmer_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🌾",
+    "man_farmer_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🌾",
+    "man_farmer_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🌾",
+    "man_farmer_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🌾",
+    "man_firefighter": "👨\u200d🚒",
+    "man_firefighter_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🚒",
+    "man_firefighter_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🚒",
+    "man_firefighter_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🚒",
+    "man_firefighter_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🚒",
+    "man_firefighter_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🚒",
+    "man_frowning": "🙍\u200d♂️",
+    "man_frowning_dark_skin_tone": "🙍🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_frowning_light_skin_tone": "🙍🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_frowning_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙍🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_frowning_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙍🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_frowning_medium_skin_tone": "🙍🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_genie": "🧞\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_no": "🙅\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_no_dark_skin_tone": "🙅🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_no_light_skin_tone": "🙅🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_no_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙅🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_no_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙅🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_no_medium_skin_tone": "🙅🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_ok": "🙆\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_ok_dark_skin_tone": "🙆🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_ok_light_skin_tone": "🙆🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_ok_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙆🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_ok_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙆🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_gesturing_ok_medium_skin_tone": "🙆🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_haircut": "💇\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_haircut_dark_skin_tone": "💇🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_haircut_light_skin_tone": "💇🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_haircut_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💇🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_haircut_medium-light_skin_tone": "💇🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_haircut_medium_skin_tone": "💇🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_massage": "💆\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_massage_dark_skin_tone": "💆🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_massage_light_skin_tone": "💆🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_massage_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💆🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_massage_medium-light_skin_tone": "💆🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_getting_massage_medium_skin_tone": "💆🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_golfing": "🏌️\u200d♂️",
+    "man_golfing_dark_skin_tone": "🏌🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_golfing_light_skin_tone": "🏌🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_golfing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏌🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_golfing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏌🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_golfing_medium_skin_tone": "🏌🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_guard": "💂\u200d♂️",
+    "man_guard_dark_skin_tone": "💂🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_guard_light_skin_tone": "💂🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_guard_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💂🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_guard_medium-light_skin_tone": "💂🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_guard_medium_skin_tone": "💂🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_health_worker": "👨\u200d⚕️",
+    "man_health_worker_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d⚕️",
+    "man_health_worker_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d⚕️",
+    "man_health_worker_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d⚕️",
+    "man_health_worker_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d⚕️",
+    "man_health_worker_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d⚕️",
+    "man_in_lotus_position": "🧘\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_lotus_position_dark_skin_tone": "🧘🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_lotus_position_light_skin_tone": "🧘🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_lotus_position_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧘🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_lotus_position_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧘🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_lotus_position_medium_skin_tone": "🧘🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_manual_wheelchair": "👨\u200d🦽",
+    "man_in_motorized_wheelchair": "👨\u200d🦼",
+    "man_in_steamy_room": "🧖\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_steamy_room_dark_skin_tone": "🧖🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_steamy_room_light_skin_tone": "🧖🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_steamy_room_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧖🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_steamy_room_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧖🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_steamy_room_medium_skin_tone": "🧖🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_in_suit_levitating": "🕴",
+    "man_in_suit_levitating_dark_skin_tone": "🕴🏿",
+    "man_in_suit_levitating_light_skin_tone": "🕴🏻",
+    "man_in_suit_levitating_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🕴🏾",
+    "man_in_suit_levitating_medium-light_skin_tone": "🕴🏼",
+    "man_in_suit_levitating_medium_skin_tone": "🕴🏽",
+    "man_in_tuxedo": "🤵",
+    "man_in_tuxedo_dark_skin_tone": "🤵🏿",
+    "man_in_tuxedo_light_skin_tone": "🤵🏻",
+    "man_in_tuxedo_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤵🏾",
+    "man_in_tuxedo_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤵🏼",
+    "man_in_tuxedo_medium_skin_tone": "🤵🏽",
+    "man_judge": "👨\u200d⚖️",
+    "man_judge_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d⚖️",
+    "man_judge_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d⚖️",
+    "man_judge_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d⚖️",
+    "man_judge_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d⚖️",
+    "man_judge_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d⚖️",
+    "man_juggling": "🤹\u200d♂️",
+    "man_juggling_dark_skin_tone": "🤹🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_juggling_light_skin_tone": "🤹🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_juggling_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤹🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_juggling_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤹🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_juggling_medium_skin_tone": "🤹🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_lifting_weights": "🏋️\u200d♂️",
+    "man_lifting_weights_dark_skin_tone": "🏋🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_lifting_weights_light_skin_tone": "🏋🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_lifting_weights_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏋🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_lifting_weights_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏋🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_lifting_weights_medium_skin_tone": "🏋🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻",
+    "man_mage": "🧙\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mage_dark_skin_tone": "🧙🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mage_light_skin_tone": "🧙🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mage_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧙🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mage_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧙🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mage_medium_skin_tone": "🧙🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mechanic": "👨\u200d🔧",
+    "man_mechanic_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🔧",
+    "man_mechanic_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🔧",
+    "man_mechanic_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🔧",
+    "man_mechanic_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🔧",
+    "man_mechanic_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🔧",
+    "man_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾",
+    "man_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼",
+    "man_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽",
+    "man_mountain_biking": "🚵\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mountain_biking_dark_skin_tone": "🚵🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mountain_biking_light_skin_tone": "🚵🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mountain_biking_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚵🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mountain_biking_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚵🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_mountain_biking_medium_skin_tone": "🚵🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_office_worker": "👨\u200d💼",
+    "man_office_worker_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d💼",
+    "man_office_worker_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d💼",
+    "man_office_worker_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d💼",
+    "man_office_worker_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d💼",
+    "man_office_worker_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d💼",
+    "man_pilot": "👨\u200d✈️",
+    "man_pilot_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d✈️",
+    "man_pilot_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d✈️",
+    "man_pilot_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d✈️",
+    "man_pilot_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d✈️",
+    "man_pilot_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d✈️",
+    "man_playing_handball": "🤾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_handball_dark_skin_tone": "🤾🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_handball_light_skin_tone": "🤾🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_handball_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤾🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_handball_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤾🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_handball_medium_skin_tone": "🤾🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_water_polo": "🤽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_water_polo_dark_skin_tone": "🤽🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_water_polo_light_skin_tone": "🤽🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_water_polo_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤽🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_water_polo_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤽🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_playing_water_polo_medium_skin_tone": "🤽🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_police_officer": "👮\u200d♂️",
+    "man_police_officer_dark_skin_tone": "👮🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_police_officer_light_skin_tone": "👮🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_police_officer_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👮🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_police_officer_medium-light_skin_tone": "👮🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_police_officer_medium_skin_tone": "👮🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_pouting": "🙎\u200d♂️",
+    "man_pouting_dark_skin_tone": "🙎🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_pouting_light_skin_tone": "🙎🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_pouting_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙎🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_pouting_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙎🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_pouting_medium_skin_tone": "🙎🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_raising_hand": "🙋\u200d♂️",
+    "man_raising_hand_dark_skin_tone": "🙋🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_raising_hand_light_skin_tone": "🙋🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_raising_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙋🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_raising_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙋🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_raising_hand_medium_skin_tone": "🙋🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_rowing_boat": "🚣\u200d♂️",
+    "man_rowing_boat_dark_skin_tone": "🚣🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_rowing_boat_light_skin_tone": "🚣🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_rowing_boat_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚣🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_rowing_boat_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚣🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_rowing_boat_medium_skin_tone": "🚣🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_running": "🏃\u200d♂️",
+    "man_running_dark_skin_tone": "🏃🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_running_light_skin_tone": "🏃🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_running_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏃🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_running_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏃🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_running_medium_skin_tone": "🏃🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_scientist": "👨\u200d🔬",
+    "man_scientist_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🔬",
+    "man_scientist_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🔬",
+    "man_scientist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🔬",
+    "man_scientist_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🔬",
+    "man_scientist_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🔬",
+    "man_shrugging": "🤷\u200d♂️",
+    "man_shrugging_dark_skin_tone": "🤷🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_shrugging_light_skin_tone": "🤷🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_shrugging_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤷🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_shrugging_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤷🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_shrugging_medium_skin_tone": "🤷🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_singer": "👨\u200d🎤",
+    "man_singer_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🎤",
+    "man_singer_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🎤",
+    "man_singer_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🎤",
+    "man_singer_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🎤",
+    "man_singer_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🎤",
+    "man_student": "👨\u200d🎓",
+    "man_student_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🎓",
+    "man_student_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🎓",
+    "man_student_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🎓",
+    "man_student_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🎓",
+    "man_student_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🎓",
+    "man_surfing": "🏄\u200d♂️",
+    "man_surfing_dark_skin_tone": "🏄🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_surfing_light_skin_tone": "🏄🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_surfing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏄🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_surfing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏄🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_surfing_medium_skin_tone": "🏄🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_swimming": "🏊\u200d♂️",
+    "man_swimming_dark_skin_tone": "🏊🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_swimming_light_skin_tone": "🏊🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_swimming_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏊🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_swimming_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏊🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_swimming_medium_skin_tone": "🏊🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_teacher": "👨\u200d🏫",
+    "man_teacher_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d🏫",
+    "man_teacher_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d🏫",
+    "man_teacher_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d🏫",
+    "man_teacher_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d🏫",
+    "man_teacher_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d🏫",
+    "man_technologist": "👨\u200d💻",
+    "man_technologist_dark_skin_tone": "👨🏿\u200d💻",
+    "man_technologist_light_skin_tone": "👨🏻\u200d💻",
+    "man_technologist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👨🏾\u200d💻",
+    "man_technologist_medium-light_skin_tone": "👨🏼\u200d💻",
+    "man_technologist_medium_skin_tone": "👨🏽\u200d💻",
+    "man_tipping_hand": "💁\u200d♂️",
+    "man_tipping_hand_dark_skin_tone": "💁🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_tipping_hand_light_skin_tone": "💁🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_tipping_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💁🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_tipping_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "💁🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_tipping_hand_medium_skin_tone": "💁🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_vampire": "🧛\u200d♂️",
+    "man_vampire_dark_skin_tone": "🧛🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_vampire_light_skin_tone": "🧛🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_vampire_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧛🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_vampire_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧛🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_vampire_medium_skin_tone": "🧛🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_walking": "🚶\u200d♂️",
+    "man_walking_dark_skin_tone": "🚶🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_walking_light_skin_tone": "🚶🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_walking_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚶🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_walking_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚶🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_walking_medium_skin_tone": "🚶🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_wearing_turban": "👳\u200d♂️",
+    "man_wearing_turban_dark_skin_tone": "👳🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "man_wearing_turban_light_skin_tone": "👳🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "man_wearing_turban_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👳🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "man_wearing_turban_medium-light_skin_tone": "👳🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "man_wearing_turban_medium_skin_tone": "👳🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "man_with_probing_cane": "👨\u200d🦯",
+    "man_with_chinese_cap": "👲",
+    "man_with_chinese_cap_dark_skin_tone": "👲🏿",
+    "man_with_chinese_cap_light_skin_tone": "👲🏻",
+    "man_with_chinese_cap_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👲🏾",
+    "man_with_chinese_cap_medium-light_skin_tone": "👲🏼",
+    "man_with_chinese_cap_medium_skin_tone": "👲🏽",
+    "man_zombie": "🧟\u200d♂️",
+    "mango": "🥭",
+    "mantelpiece_clock": "🕰",
+    "manual_wheelchair": "🦽",
+    "man’s_shoe": "👞",
+    "map_of_japan": "🗾",
+    "maple_leaf": "🍁",
+    "martial_arts_uniform": "🥋",
+    "mate": "🧉",
+    "meat_on_bone": "🍖",
+    "mechanical_arm": "🦾",
+    "mechanical_leg": "🦿",
+    "medical_symbol": "⚕",
+    "megaphone": "📣",
+    "melon": "🍈",
+    "memo": "📝",
+    "men_with_bunny_ears": "👯\u200d♂️",
+    "men_wrestling": "🤼\u200d♂️",
+    "menorah": "🕎",
+    "men’s_room": "🚹",
+    "mermaid": "🧜\u200d♀️",
+    "mermaid_dark_skin_tone": "🧜🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "mermaid_light_skin_tone": "🧜🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "mermaid_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧜🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "mermaid_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧜🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "mermaid_medium_skin_tone": "🧜🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "merman": "🧜\u200d♂️",
+    "merman_dark_skin_tone": "🧜🏿\u200d♂️",
+    "merman_light_skin_tone": "🧜🏻\u200d♂️",
+    "merman_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧜🏾\u200d♂️",
+    "merman_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧜🏼\u200d♂️",
+    "merman_medium_skin_tone": "🧜🏽\u200d♂️",
+    "merperson": "🧜",
+    "merperson_dark_skin_tone": "🧜🏿",
+    "merperson_light_skin_tone": "🧜🏻",
+    "merperson_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧜🏾",
+    "merperson_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧜🏼",
+    "merperson_medium_skin_tone": "🧜🏽",
+    "metro": "🚇",
+    "microbe": "🦠",
+    "microphone": "🎤",
+    "microscope": "🔬",
+    "middle_finger": "🖕",
+    "middle_finger_dark_skin_tone": "🖕🏿",
+    "middle_finger_light_skin_tone": "🖕🏻",
+    "middle_finger_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🖕🏾",
+    "middle_finger_medium-light_skin_tone": "🖕🏼",
+    "middle_finger_medium_skin_tone": "🖕🏽",
+    "military_medal": "🎖",
+    "milky_way": "🌌",
+    "minibus": "🚐",
+    "moai": "🗿",
+    "mobile_phone": "📱",
+    "mobile_phone_off": "📴",
+    "mobile_phone_with_arrow": "📲",
+    "money-mouth_face": "🤑",
+    "money_bag": "💰",
+    "money_with_wings": "💸",
+    "monkey": "🐒",
+    "monkey_face": "🐵",
+    "monorail": "🚝",
+    "moon_cake": "🥮",
+    "moon_viewing_ceremony": "🎑",
+    "mosque": "🕌",
+    "mosquito": "🦟",
+    "motor_boat": "🛥",
+    "motor_scooter": "🛵",
+    "motorcycle": "🏍",
+    "motorized_wheelchair": "🦼",
+    "motorway": "🛣",
+    "mount_fuji": "🗻",
+    "mountain": "⛰",
+    "mountain_cableway": "🚠",
+    "mountain_railway": "🚞",
+    "mouse": "🐭",
+    "mouse_face": "🐭",
+    "mouth": "👄",
+    "movie_camera": "🎥",
+    "mushroom": "🍄",
+    "musical_keyboard": "🎹",
+    "musical_note": "🎵",
+    "musical_notes": "🎶",
+    "musical_score": "🎼",
+    "muted_speaker": "🔇",
+    "nail_polish": "💅",
+    "nail_polish_dark_skin_tone": "💅🏿",
+    "nail_polish_light_skin_tone": "💅🏻",
+    "nail_polish_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💅🏾",
+    "nail_polish_medium-light_skin_tone": "💅🏼",
+    "nail_polish_medium_skin_tone": "💅🏽",
+    "name_badge": "📛",
+    "national_park": "🏞",
+    "nauseated_face": "🤢",
+    "nazar_amulet": "🧿",
+    "necktie": "👔",
+    "nerd_face": "🤓",
+    "neutral_face": "😐",
+    "new_moon": "🌑",
+    "new_moon_face": "🌚",
+    "newspaper": "📰",
+    "next_track_button": "⏭",
+    "night_with_stars": "🌃",
+    "nine-thirty": "🕤",
+    "nine_o’clock": "🕘",
+    "no_bicycles": "🚳",
+    "no_entry": "⛔",
+    "no_littering": "🚯",
+    "no_mobile_phones": "📵",
+    "no_one_under_eighteen": "🔞",
+    "no_pedestrians": "🚷",
+    "no_smoking": "🚭",
+    "non-potable_water": "🚱",
+    "nose": "👃",
+    "nose_dark_skin_tone": "👃🏿",
+    "nose_light_skin_tone": "👃🏻",
+    "nose_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👃🏾",
+    "nose_medium-light_skin_tone": "👃🏼",
+    "nose_medium_skin_tone": "👃🏽",
+    "notebook": "📓",
+    "notebook_with_decorative_cover": "📔",
+    "nut_and_bolt": "🔩",
+    "octopus": "🐙",
+    "oden": "🍢",
+    "office_building": "🏢",
+    "ogre": "👹",
+    "oil_drum": "🛢",
+    "old_key": "🗝",
+    "old_man": "👴",
+    "old_man_dark_skin_tone": "👴🏿",
+    "old_man_light_skin_tone": "👴🏻",
+    "old_man_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👴🏾",
+    "old_man_medium-light_skin_tone": "👴🏼",
+    "old_man_medium_skin_tone": "👴🏽",
+    "old_woman": "👵",
+    "old_woman_dark_skin_tone": "👵🏿",
+    "old_woman_light_skin_tone": "👵🏻",
+    "old_woman_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👵🏾",
+    "old_woman_medium-light_skin_tone": "👵🏼",
+    "old_woman_medium_skin_tone": "👵🏽",
+    "older_adult": "🧓",
+    "older_adult_dark_skin_tone": "🧓🏿",
+    "older_adult_light_skin_tone": "🧓🏻",
+    "older_adult_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧓🏾",
+    "older_adult_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧓🏼",
+    "older_adult_medium_skin_tone": "🧓🏽",
+    "om": "🕉",
+    "oncoming_automobile": "🚘",
+    "oncoming_bus": "🚍",
+    "oncoming_fist": "👊",
+    "oncoming_fist_dark_skin_tone": "👊🏿",
+    "oncoming_fist_light_skin_tone": "👊🏻",
+    "oncoming_fist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👊🏾",
+    "oncoming_fist_medium-light_skin_tone": "👊🏼",
+    "oncoming_fist_medium_skin_tone": "👊🏽",
+    "oncoming_police_car": "🚔",
+    "oncoming_taxi": "🚖",
+    "one-piece_swimsuit": "🩱",
+    "one-thirty": "🕜",
+    "one_o’clock": "🕐",
+    "onion": "🧅",
+    "open_book": "📖",
+    "open_file_folder": "📂",
+    "open_hands": "👐",
+    "open_hands_dark_skin_tone": "👐🏿",
+    "open_hands_light_skin_tone": "👐🏻",
+    "open_hands_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👐🏾",
+    "open_hands_medium-light_skin_tone": "👐🏼",
+    "open_hands_medium_skin_tone": "👐🏽",
+    "open_mailbox_with_lowered_flag": "📭",
+    "open_mailbox_with_raised_flag": "📬",
+    "optical_disk": "💿",
+    "orange_book": "📙",
+    "orange_circle": "🟠",
+    "orange_heart": "🧡",
+    "orange_square": "🟧",
+    "orangutan": "🦧",
+    "orthodox_cross": "☦",
+    "otter": "🦦",
+    "outbox_tray": "📤",
+    "owl": "🦉",
+    "ox": "🐂",
+    "oyster": "🦪",
+    "package": "📦",
+    "page_facing_up": "📄",
+    "page_with_curl": "📃",
+    "pager": "📟",
+    "paintbrush": "🖌",
+    "palm_tree": "🌴",
+    "palms_up_together": "🤲",
+    "palms_up_together_dark_skin_tone": "🤲🏿",
+    "palms_up_together_light_skin_tone": "🤲🏻",
+    "palms_up_together_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤲🏾",
+    "palms_up_together_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤲🏼",
+    "palms_up_together_medium_skin_tone": "🤲🏽",
+    "pancakes": "🥞",
+    "panda_face": "🐼",
+    "paperclip": "📎",
+    "parrot": "🦜",
+    "part_alternation_mark": "〽",
+    "party_popper": "🎉",
+    "partying_face": "🥳",
+    "passenger_ship": "🛳",
+    "passport_control": "🛂",
+    "pause_button": "⏸",
+    "paw_prints": "🐾",
+    "peace_symbol": "☮",
+    "peach": "🍑",
+    "peacock": "🦚",
+    "peanuts": "🥜",
+    "pear": "🍐",
+    "pen": "🖊",
+    "pencil": "📝",
+    "penguin": "🐧",
+    "pensive_face": "😔",
+    "people_holding_hands": "🧑\u200d🤝\u200d🧑",
+    "people_with_bunny_ears": "👯",
+    "people_wrestling": "🤼",
+    "performing_arts": "🎭",
+    "persevering_face": "😣",
+    "person_biking": "🚴",
+    "person_biking_dark_skin_tone": "🚴🏿",
+    "person_biking_light_skin_tone": "🚴🏻",
+    "person_biking_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚴🏾",
+    "person_biking_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚴🏼",
+    "person_biking_medium_skin_tone": "🚴🏽",
+    "person_bouncing_ball": "⛹",
+    "person_bouncing_ball_dark_skin_tone": "⛹🏿",
+    "person_bouncing_ball_light_skin_tone": "⛹🏻",
+    "person_bouncing_ball_medium-dark_skin_tone": "⛹🏾",
+    "person_bouncing_ball_medium-light_skin_tone": "⛹🏼",
+    "person_bouncing_ball_medium_skin_tone": "⛹🏽",
+    "person_bowing": "🙇",
+    "person_bowing_dark_skin_tone": "🙇🏿",
+    "person_bowing_light_skin_tone": "🙇🏻",
+    "person_bowing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙇🏾",
+    "person_bowing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙇🏼",
+    "person_bowing_medium_skin_tone": "🙇🏽",
+    "person_cartwheeling": "🤸",
+    "person_cartwheeling_dark_skin_tone": "🤸🏿",
+    "person_cartwheeling_light_skin_tone": "🤸🏻",
+    "person_cartwheeling_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤸🏾",
+    "person_cartwheeling_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤸🏼",
+    "person_cartwheeling_medium_skin_tone": "🤸🏽",
+    "person_climbing": "🧗",
+    "person_climbing_dark_skin_tone": "🧗🏿",
+    "person_climbing_light_skin_tone": "🧗🏻",
+    "person_climbing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧗🏾",
+    "person_climbing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧗🏼",
+    "person_climbing_medium_skin_tone": "🧗🏽",
+    "person_facepalming": "🤦",
+    "person_facepalming_dark_skin_tone": "🤦🏿",
+    "person_facepalming_light_skin_tone": "🤦🏻",
+    "person_facepalming_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤦🏾",
+    "person_facepalming_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤦🏼",
+    "person_facepalming_medium_skin_tone": "🤦🏽",
+    "person_fencing": "🤺",
+    "person_frowning": "🙍",
+    "person_frowning_dark_skin_tone": "🙍🏿",
+    "person_frowning_light_skin_tone": "🙍🏻",
+    "person_frowning_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙍🏾",
+    "person_frowning_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙍🏼",
+    "person_frowning_medium_skin_tone": "🙍🏽",
+    "person_gesturing_no": "🙅",
+    "person_gesturing_no_dark_skin_tone": "🙅🏿",
+    "person_gesturing_no_light_skin_tone": "🙅🏻",
+    "person_gesturing_no_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙅🏾",
+    "person_gesturing_no_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙅🏼",
+    "person_gesturing_no_medium_skin_tone": "🙅🏽",
+    "person_gesturing_ok": "🙆",
+    "person_gesturing_ok_dark_skin_tone": "🙆🏿",
+    "person_gesturing_ok_light_skin_tone": "🙆🏻",
+    "person_gesturing_ok_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙆🏾",
+    "person_gesturing_ok_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙆🏼",
+    "person_gesturing_ok_medium_skin_tone": "🙆🏽",
+    "person_getting_haircut": "💇",
+    "person_getting_haircut_dark_skin_tone": "💇🏿",
+    "person_getting_haircut_light_skin_tone": "💇🏻",
+    "person_getting_haircut_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💇🏾",
+    "person_getting_haircut_medium-light_skin_tone": "💇🏼",
+    "person_getting_haircut_medium_skin_tone": "💇🏽",
+    "person_getting_massage": "💆",
+    "person_getting_massage_dark_skin_tone": "💆🏿",
+    "person_getting_massage_light_skin_tone": "💆🏻",
+    "person_getting_massage_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💆🏾",
+    "person_getting_massage_medium-light_skin_tone": "💆🏼",
+    "person_getting_massage_medium_skin_tone": "💆🏽",
+    "person_golfing": "🏌",
+    "person_golfing_dark_skin_tone": "🏌🏿",
+    "person_golfing_light_skin_tone": "🏌🏻",
+    "person_golfing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏌🏾",
+    "person_golfing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏌🏼",
+    "person_golfing_medium_skin_tone": "🏌🏽",
+    "person_in_bed": "🛌",
+    "person_in_bed_dark_skin_tone": "🛌🏿",
+    "person_in_bed_light_skin_tone": "🛌🏻",
+    "person_in_bed_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🛌🏾",
+    "person_in_bed_medium-light_skin_tone": "🛌🏼",
+    "person_in_bed_medium_skin_tone": "🛌🏽",
+    "person_in_lotus_position": "🧘",
+    "person_in_lotus_position_dark_skin_tone": "🧘🏿",
+    "person_in_lotus_position_light_skin_tone": "🧘🏻",
+    "person_in_lotus_position_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧘🏾",
+    "person_in_lotus_position_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧘🏼",
+    "person_in_lotus_position_medium_skin_tone": "🧘🏽",
+    "person_in_steamy_room": "🧖",
+    "person_in_steamy_room_dark_skin_tone": "🧖🏿",
+    "person_in_steamy_room_light_skin_tone": "🧖🏻",
+    "person_in_steamy_room_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧖🏾",
+    "person_in_steamy_room_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧖🏼",
+    "person_in_steamy_room_medium_skin_tone": "🧖🏽",
+    "person_juggling": "🤹",
+    "person_juggling_dark_skin_tone": "🤹🏿",
+    "person_juggling_light_skin_tone": "🤹🏻",
+    "person_juggling_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤹🏾",
+    "person_juggling_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤹🏼",
+    "person_juggling_medium_skin_tone": "🤹🏽",
+    "person_kneeling": "🧎",
+    "person_lifting_weights": "🏋",
+    "person_lifting_weights_dark_skin_tone": "🏋🏿",
+    "person_lifting_weights_light_skin_tone": "🏋🏻",
+    "person_lifting_weights_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏋🏾",
+    "person_lifting_weights_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏋🏼",
+    "person_lifting_weights_medium_skin_tone": "🏋🏽",
+    "person_mountain_biking": "🚵",
+    "person_mountain_biking_dark_skin_tone": "🚵🏿",
+    "person_mountain_biking_light_skin_tone": "🚵🏻",
+    "person_mountain_biking_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚵🏾",
+    "person_mountain_biking_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚵🏼",
+    "person_mountain_biking_medium_skin_tone": "🚵🏽",
+    "person_playing_handball": "🤾",
+    "person_playing_handball_dark_skin_tone": "🤾🏿",
+    "person_playing_handball_light_skin_tone": "🤾🏻",
+    "person_playing_handball_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤾🏾",
+    "person_playing_handball_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤾🏼",
+    "person_playing_handball_medium_skin_tone": "🤾🏽",
+    "person_playing_water_polo": "🤽",
+    "person_playing_water_polo_dark_skin_tone": "🤽🏿",
+    "person_playing_water_polo_light_skin_tone": "🤽🏻",
+    "person_playing_water_polo_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤽🏾",
+    "person_playing_water_polo_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤽🏼",
+    "person_playing_water_polo_medium_skin_tone": "🤽🏽",
+    "person_pouting": "🙎",
+    "person_pouting_dark_skin_tone": "🙎🏿",
+    "person_pouting_light_skin_tone": "🙎🏻",
+    "person_pouting_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙎🏾",
+    "person_pouting_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙎🏼",
+    "person_pouting_medium_skin_tone": "🙎🏽",
+    "person_raising_hand": "🙋",
+    "person_raising_hand_dark_skin_tone": "🙋🏿",
+    "person_raising_hand_light_skin_tone": "🙋🏻",
+    "person_raising_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙋🏾",
+    "person_raising_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙋🏼",
+    "person_raising_hand_medium_skin_tone": "🙋🏽",
+    "person_rowing_boat": "🚣",
+    "person_rowing_boat_dark_skin_tone": "🚣🏿",
+    "person_rowing_boat_light_skin_tone": "🚣🏻",
+    "person_rowing_boat_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚣🏾",
+    "person_rowing_boat_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚣🏼",
+    "person_rowing_boat_medium_skin_tone": "🚣🏽",
+    "person_running": "🏃",
+    "person_running_dark_skin_tone": "🏃🏿",
+    "person_running_light_skin_tone": "🏃🏻",
+    "person_running_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏃🏾",
+    "person_running_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏃🏼",
+    "person_running_medium_skin_tone": "🏃🏽",
+    "person_shrugging": "🤷",
+    "person_shrugging_dark_skin_tone": "🤷🏿",
+    "person_shrugging_light_skin_tone": "🤷🏻",
+    "person_shrugging_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤷🏾",
+    "person_shrugging_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤷🏼",
+    "person_shrugging_medium_skin_tone": "🤷🏽",
+    "person_standing": "🧍",
+    "person_surfing": "🏄",
+    "person_surfing_dark_skin_tone": "🏄🏿",
+    "person_surfing_light_skin_tone": "🏄🏻",
+    "person_surfing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏄🏾",
+    "person_surfing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏄🏼",
+    "person_surfing_medium_skin_tone": "🏄🏽",
+    "person_swimming": "🏊",
+    "person_swimming_dark_skin_tone": "🏊🏿",
+    "person_swimming_light_skin_tone": "🏊🏻",
+    "person_swimming_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏊🏾",
+    "person_swimming_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏊🏼",
+    "person_swimming_medium_skin_tone": "🏊🏽",
+    "person_taking_bath": "🛀",
+    "person_taking_bath_dark_skin_tone": "🛀🏿",
+    "person_taking_bath_light_skin_tone": "🛀🏻",
+    "person_taking_bath_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🛀🏾",
+    "person_taking_bath_medium-light_skin_tone": "🛀🏼",
+    "person_taking_bath_medium_skin_tone": "🛀🏽",
+    "person_tipping_hand": "💁",
+    "person_tipping_hand_dark_skin_tone": "💁🏿",
+    "person_tipping_hand_light_skin_tone": "💁🏻",
+    "person_tipping_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💁🏾",
+    "person_tipping_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "💁🏼",
+    "person_tipping_hand_medium_skin_tone": "💁🏽",
+    "person_walking": "🚶",
+    "person_walking_dark_skin_tone": "🚶🏿",
+    "person_walking_light_skin_tone": "🚶🏻",
+    "person_walking_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚶🏾",
+    "person_walking_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚶🏼",
+    "person_walking_medium_skin_tone": "🚶🏽",
+    "person_wearing_turban": "👳",
+    "person_wearing_turban_dark_skin_tone": "👳🏿",
+    "person_wearing_turban_light_skin_tone": "👳🏻",
+    "person_wearing_turban_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👳🏾",
+    "person_wearing_turban_medium-light_skin_tone": "👳🏼",
+    "person_wearing_turban_medium_skin_tone": "👳🏽",
+    "petri_dish": "🧫",
+    "pick": "⛏",
+    "pie": "🥧",
+    "pig": "🐷",
+    "pig_face": "🐷",
+    "pig_nose": "🐽",
+    "pile_of_poo": "💩",
+    "pill": "💊",
+    "pinching_hand": "🤏",
+    "pine_decoration": "🎍",
+    "pineapple": "🍍",
+    "ping_pong": "🏓",
+    "pirate_flag": "🏴\u200d☠️",
+    "pistol": "🔫",
+    "pizza": "🍕",
+    "place_of_worship": "🛐",
+    "play_button": "▶",
+    "play_or_pause_button": "⏯",
+    "pleading_face": "🥺",
+    "police_car": "🚓",
+    "police_car_light": "🚨",
+    "police_officer": "👮",
+    "police_officer_dark_skin_tone": "👮🏿",
+    "police_officer_light_skin_tone": "👮🏻",
+    "police_officer_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👮🏾",
+    "police_officer_medium-light_skin_tone": "👮🏼",
+    "police_officer_medium_skin_tone": "👮🏽",
+    "poodle": "🐩",
+    "pool_8_ball": "🎱",
+    "popcorn": "🍿",
+    "post_office": "🏣",
+    "postal_horn": "📯",
+    "postbox": "📮",
+    "pot_of_food": "🍲",
+    "potable_water": "🚰",
+    "potato": "🥔",
+    "poultry_leg": "🍗",
+    "pound_banknote": "💷",
+    "pouting_cat_face": "😾",
+    "pouting_face": "😡",
+    "prayer_beads": "📿",
+    "pregnant_woman": "🤰",
+    "pregnant_woman_dark_skin_tone": "🤰🏿",
+    "pregnant_woman_light_skin_tone": "🤰🏻",
+    "pregnant_woman_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤰🏾",
+    "pregnant_woman_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤰🏼",
+    "pregnant_woman_medium_skin_tone": "🤰🏽",
+    "pretzel": "🥨",
+    "probing_cane": "🦯",
+    "prince": "🤴",
+    "prince_dark_skin_tone": "🤴🏿",
+    "prince_light_skin_tone": "🤴🏻",
+    "prince_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤴🏾",
+    "prince_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤴🏼",
+    "prince_medium_skin_tone": "🤴🏽",
+    "princess": "👸",
+    "princess_dark_skin_tone": "👸🏿",
+    "princess_light_skin_tone": "👸🏻",
+    "princess_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👸🏾",
+    "princess_medium-light_skin_tone": "👸🏼",
+    "princess_medium_skin_tone": "👸🏽",
+    "printer": "🖨",
+    "prohibited": "🚫",
+    "purple_circle": "🟣",
+    "purple_heart": "💜",
+    "purple_square": "🟪",
+    "purse": "👛",
+    "pushpin": "📌",
+    "question_mark": "❓",
+    "rabbit": "🐰",
+    "rabbit_face": "🐰",
+    "raccoon": "🦝",
+    "racing_car": "🏎",
+    "radio": "📻",
+    "radio_button": "🔘",
+    "radioactive": "☢",
+    "railway_car": "🚃",
+    "railway_track": "🛤",
+    "rainbow": "🌈",
+    "rainbow_flag": "🏳️\u200d🌈",
+    "raised_back_of_hand": "🤚",
+    "raised_back_of_hand_dark_skin_tone": "🤚🏿",
+    "raised_back_of_hand_light_skin_tone": "🤚🏻",
+    "raised_back_of_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤚🏾",
+    "raised_back_of_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤚🏼",
+    "raised_back_of_hand_medium_skin_tone": "🤚🏽",
+    "raised_fist": "✊",
+    "raised_fist_dark_skin_tone": "✊🏿",
+    "raised_fist_light_skin_tone": "✊🏻",
+    "raised_fist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "✊🏾",
+    "raised_fist_medium-light_skin_tone": "✊🏼",
+    "raised_fist_medium_skin_tone": "✊🏽",
+    "raised_hand": "✋",
+    "raised_hand_dark_skin_tone": "✋🏿",
+    "raised_hand_light_skin_tone": "✋🏻",
+    "raised_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "✋🏾",
+    "raised_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "✋🏼",
+    "raised_hand_medium_skin_tone": "✋🏽",
+    "raising_hands": "🙌",
+    "raising_hands_dark_skin_tone": "🙌🏿",
+    "raising_hands_light_skin_tone": "🙌🏻",
+    "raising_hands_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙌🏾",
+    "raising_hands_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙌🏼",
+    "raising_hands_medium_skin_tone": "🙌🏽",
+    "ram": "🐏",
+    "rat": "🐀",
+    "razor": "🪒",
+    "ringed_planet": "🪐",
+    "receipt": "🧾",
+    "record_button": "⏺",
+    "recycling_symbol": "♻",
+    "red_apple": "🍎",
+    "red_circle": "🔴",
+    "red_envelope": "🧧",
+    "red_hair": "🦰",
+    "red-haired_man": "👨\u200d🦰",
+    "red-haired_woman": "👩\u200d🦰",
+    "red_heart": "❤",
+    "red_paper_lantern": "🏮",
+    "red_square": "🟥",
+    "red_triangle_pointed_down": "🔻",
+    "red_triangle_pointed_up": "🔺",
+    "registered": "®",
+    "relieved_face": "😌",
+    "reminder_ribbon": "🎗",
+    "repeat_button": "🔁",
+    "repeat_single_button": "🔂",
+    "rescue_worker’s_helmet": "⛑",
+    "restroom": "🚻",
+    "reverse_button": "◀",
+    "revolving_hearts": "💞",
+    "rhinoceros": "🦏",
+    "ribbon": "🎀",
+    "rice_ball": "🍙",
+    "rice_cracker": "🍘",
+    "right-facing_fist": "🤜",
+    "right-facing_fist_dark_skin_tone": "🤜🏿",
+    "right-facing_fist_light_skin_tone": "🤜🏻",
+    "right-facing_fist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤜🏾",
+    "right-facing_fist_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤜🏼",
+    "right-facing_fist_medium_skin_tone": "🤜🏽",
+    "right_anger_bubble": "🗯",
+    "right_arrow": "➡",
+    "right_arrow_curving_down": "⤵",
+    "right_arrow_curving_left": "↩",
+    "right_arrow_curving_up": "⤴",
+    "ring": "💍",
+    "roasted_sweet_potato": "🍠",
+    "robot_face": "🤖",
+    "rocket": "🚀",
+    "roll_of_paper": "🧻",
+    "rolled-up_newspaper": "🗞",
+    "roller_coaster": "🎢",
+    "rolling_on_the_floor_laughing": "🤣",
+    "rooster": "🐓",
+    "rose": "🌹",
+    "rosette": "🏵",
+    "round_pushpin": "📍",
+    "rugby_football": "🏉",
+    "running_shirt": "🎽",
+    "running_shoe": "👟",
+    "sad_but_relieved_face": "😥",
+    "safety_pin": "🧷",
+    "safety_vest": "🦺",
+    "salt": "🧂",
+    "sailboat": "⛵",
+    "sake": "🍶",
+    "sandwich": "🥪",
+    "sari": "🥻",
+    "satellite": "📡",
+    "satellite_antenna": "📡",
+    "sauropod": "🦕",
+    "saxophone": "🎷",
+    "scarf": "🧣",
+    "school": "🏫",
+    "school_backpack": "🎒",
+    "scissors": "✂",
+    "scorpion": "🦂",
+    "scroll": "📜",
+    "seat": "💺",
+    "see-no-evil_monkey": "🙈",
+    "seedling": "🌱",
+    "selfie": "🤳",
+    "selfie_dark_skin_tone": "🤳🏿",
+    "selfie_light_skin_tone": "🤳🏻",
+    "selfie_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤳🏾",
+    "selfie_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤳🏼",
+    "selfie_medium_skin_tone": "🤳🏽",
+    "service_dog": "🐕\u200d🦺",
+    "seven-thirty": "🕢",
+    "seven_o’clock": "🕖",
+    "shallow_pan_of_food": "🥘",
+    "shamrock": "☘",
+    "shark": "🦈",
+    "shaved_ice": "🍧",
+    "sheaf_of_rice": "🌾",
+    "shield": "🛡",
+    "shinto_shrine": "⛩",
+    "ship": "🚢",
+    "shooting_star": "🌠",
+    "shopping_bags": "🛍",
+    "shopping_cart": "🛒",
+    "shortcake": "🍰",
+    "shorts": "🩳",
+    "shower": "🚿",
+    "shrimp": "🦐",
+    "shuffle_tracks_button": "🔀",
+    "shushing_face": "🤫",
+    "sign_of_the_horns": "🤘",
+    "sign_of_the_horns_dark_skin_tone": "🤘🏿",
+    "sign_of_the_horns_light_skin_tone": "🤘🏻",
+    "sign_of_the_horns_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤘🏾",
+    "sign_of_the_horns_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤘🏼",
+    "sign_of_the_horns_medium_skin_tone": "🤘🏽",
+    "six-thirty": "🕡",
+    "six_o’clock": "🕕",
+    "skateboard": "🛹",
+    "skier": "⛷",
+    "skis": "🎿",
+    "skull": "💀",
+    "skull_and_crossbones": "☠",
+    "skunk": "🦨",
+    "sled": "🛷",
+    "sleeping_face": "😴",
+    "sleepy_face": "😪",
+    "slightly_frowning_face": "🙁",
+    "slightly_smiling_face": "🙂",
+    "slot_machine": "🎰",
+    "sloth": "🦥",
+    "small_airplane": "🛩",
+    "small_blue_diamond": "🔹",
+    "small_orange_diamond": "🔸",
+    "smiling_cat_face_with_heart-eyes": "😻",
+    "smiling_face": "☺",
+    "smiling_face_with_halo": "😇",
+    "smiling_face_with_3_hearts": "🥰",
+    "smiling_face_with_heart-eyes": "😍",
+    "smiling_face_with_horns": "😈",
+    "smiling_face_with_smiling_eyes": "😊",
+    "smiling_face_with_sunglasses": "😎",
+    "smirking_face": "😏",
+    "snail": "🐌",
+    "snake": "🐍",
+    "sneezing_face": "🤧",
+    "snow-capped_mountain": "🏔",
+    "snowboarder": "🏂",
+    "snowboarder_dark_skin_tone": "🏂🏿",
+    "snowboarder_light_skin_tone": "🏂🏻",
+    "snowboarder_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏂🏾",
+    "snowboarder_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏂🏼",
+    "snowboarder_medium_skin_tone": "🏂🏽",
+    "snowflake": "❄",
+    "snowman": "☃",
+    "snowman_without_snow": "⛄",
+    "soap": "🧼",
+    "soccer_ball": "⚽",
+    "socks": "🧦",
+    "softball": "🥎",
+    "soft_ice_cream": "🍦",
+    "spade_suit": "♠",
+    "spaghetti": "🍝",
+    "sparkle": "❇",
+    "sparkler": "🎇",
+    "sparkles": "✨",
+    "sparkling_heart": "💖",
+    "speak-no-evil_monkey": "🙊",
+    "speaker_high_volume": "🔊",
+    "speaker_low_volume": "🔈",
+    "speaker_medium_volume": "🔉",
+    "speaking_head": "🗣",
+    "speech_balloon": "💬",
+    "speedboat": "🚤",
+    "spider": "🕷",
+    "spider_web": "🕸",
+    "spiral_calendar": "🗓",
+    "spiral_notepad": "🗒",
+    "spiral_shell": "🐚",
+    "spoon": "🥄",
+    "sponge": "🧽",
+    "sport_utility_vehicle": "🚙",
+    "sports_medal": "🏅",
+    "spouting_whale": "🐳",
+    "squid": "🦑",
+    "squinting_face_with_tongue": "😝",
+    "stadium": "🏟",
+    "star-struck": "🤩",
+    "star_and_crescent": "☪",
+    "star_of_david": "✡",
+    "station": "🚉",
+    "steaming_bowl": "🍜",
+    "stethoscope": "🩺",
+    "stop_button": "⏹",
+    "stop_sign": "🛑",
+    "stopwatch": "⏱",
+    "straight_ruler": "📏",
+    "strawberry": "🍓",
+    "studio_microphone": "🎙",
+    "stuffed_flatbread": "🥙",
+    "sun": "☀",
+    "sun_behind_cloud": "⛅",
+    "sun_behind_large_cloud": "🌥",
+    "sun_behind_rain_cloud": "🌦",
+    "sun_behind_small_cloud": "🌤",
+    "sun_with_face": "🌞",
+    "sunflower": "🌻",
+    "sunglasses": "😎",
+    "sunrise": "🌅",
+    "sunrise_over_mountains": "🌄",
+    "sunset": "🌇",
+    "superhero": "🦸",
+    "supervillain": "🦹",
+    "sushi": "🍣",
+    "suspension_railway": "🚟",
+    "swan": "🦢",
+    "sweat_droplets": "💦",
+    "synagogue": "🕍",
+    "syringe": "💉",
+    "t-shirt": "👕",
+    "taco": "🌮",
+    "takeout_box": "🥡",
+    "tanabata_tree": "🎋",
+    "tangerine": "🍊",
+    "taxi": "🚕",
+    "teacup_without_handle": "🍵",
+    "tear-off_calendar": "📆",
+    "teddy_bear": "🧸",
+    "telephone": "☎",
+    "telephone_receiver": "📞",
+    "telescope": "🔭",
+    "television": "📺",
+    "ten-thirty": "🕥",
+    "ten_o’clock": "🕙",
+    "tennis": "🎾",
+    "tent": "⛺",
+    "test_tube": "🧪",
+    "thermometer": "🌡",
+    "thinking_face": "🤔",
+    "thought_balloon": "💭",
+    "thread": "🧵",
+    "three-thirty": "🕞",
+    "three_o’clock": "🕒",
+    "thumbs_down": "👎",
+    "thumbs_down_dark_skin_tone": "👎🏿",
+    "thumbs_down_light_skin_tone": "👎🏻",
+    "thumbs_down_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👎🏾",
+    "thumbs_down_medium-light_skin_tone": "👎🏼",
+    "thumbs_down_medium_skin_tone": "👎🏽",
+    "thumbs_up": "👍",
+    "thumbs_up_dark_skin_tone": "👍🏿",
+    "thumbs_up_light_skin_tone": "👍🏻",
+    "thumbs_up_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👍🏾",
+    "thumbs_up_medium-light_skin_tone": "👍🏼",
+    "thumbs_up_medium_skin_tone": "👍🏽",
+    "ticket": "🎫",
+    "tiger": "🐯",
+    "tiger_face": "🐯",
+    "timer_clock": "⏲",
+    "tired_face": "😫",
+    "toolbox": "🧰",
+    "toilet": "🚽",
+    "tomato": "🍅",
+    "tongue": "👅",
+    "tooth": "🦷",
+    "top_hat": "🎩",
+    "tornado": "🌪",
+    "trackball": "🖲",
+    "tractor": "🚜",
+    "trade_mark": "™",
+    "train": "🚋",
+    "tram": "🚊",
+    "tram_car": "🚋",
+    "triangular_flag": "🚩",
+    "triangular_ruler": "📐",
+    "trident_emblem": "🔱",
+    "trolleybus": "🚎",
+    "trophy": "🏆",
+    "tropical_drink": "🍹",
+    "tropical_fish": "🐠",
+    "trumpet": "🎺",
+    "tulip": "🌷",
+    "tumbler_glass": "🥃",
+    "turtle": "🐢",
+    "twelve-thirty": "🕧",
+    "twelve_o’clock": "🕛",
+    "two-hump_camel": "🐫",
+    "two-thirty": "🕝",
+    "two_hearts": "💕",
+    "two_men_holding_hands": "👬",
+    "two_o’clock": "🕑",
+    "two_women_holding_hands": "👭",
+    "umbrella": "☂",
+    "umbrella_on_ground": "⛱",
+    "umbrella_with_rain_drops": "☔",
+    "unamused_face": "😒",
+    "unicorn_face": "🦄",
+    "unlocked": "🔓",
+    "up-down_arrow": "↕",
+    "up-left_arrow": "↖",
+    "up-right_arrow": "↗",
+    "up_arrow": "⬆",
+    "upside-down_face": "🙃",
+    "upwards_button": "🔼",
+    "vampire": "🧛",
+    "vampire_dark_skin_tone": "🧛🏿",
+    "vampire_light_skin_tone": "🧛🏻",
+    "vampire_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧛🏾",
+    "vampire_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧛🏼",
+    "vampire_medium_skin_tone": "🧛🏽",
+    "vertical_traffic_light": "🚦",
+    "vibration_mode": "📳",
+    "victory_hand": "✌",
+    "victory_hand_dark_skin_tone": "✌🏿",
+    "victory_hand_light_skin_tone": "✌🏻",
+    "victory_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "✌🏾",
+    "victory_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "✌🏼",
+    "victory_hand_medium_skin_tone": "✌🏽",
+    "video_camera": "📹",
+    "video_game": "🎮",
+    "videocassette": "📼",
+    "violin": "🎻",
+    "volcano": "🌋",
+    "volleyball": "🏐",
+    "vulcan_salute": "🖖",
+    "vulcan_salute_dark_skin_tone": "🖖🏿",
+    "vulcan_salute_light_skin_tone": "🖖🏻",
+    "vulcan_salute_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🖖🏾",
+    "vulcan_salute_medium-light_skin_tone": "🖖🏼",
+    "vulcan_salute_medium_skin_tone": "🖖🏽",
+    "waffle": "🧇",
+    "waning_crescent_moon": "🌘",
+    "waning_gibbous_moon": "🌖",
+    "warning": "⚠",
+    "wastebasket": "🗑",
+    "watch": "⌚",
+    "water_buffalo": "🐃",
+    "water_closet": "🚾",
+    "water_wave": "🌊",
+    "watermelon": "🍉",
+    "waving_hand": "👋",
+    "waving_hand_dark_skin_tone": "👋🏿",
+    "waving_hand_light_skin_tone": "👋🏻",
+    "waving_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👋🏾",
+    "waving_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "👋🏼",
+    "waving_hand_medium_skin_tone": "👋🏽",
+    "wavy_dash": "〰",
+    "waxing_crescent_moon": "🌒",
+    "waxing_gibbous_moon": "🌔",
+    "weary_cat_face": "🙀",
+    "weary_face": "😩",
+    "wedding": "💒",
+    "whale": "🐳",
+    "wheel_of_dharma": "☸",
+    "wheelchair_symbol": "♿",
+    "white_circle": "⚪",
+    "white_exclamation_mark": "❕",
+    "white_flag": "🏳",
+    "white_flower": "💮",
+    "white_hair": "🦳",
+    "white-haired_man": "👨\u200d🦳",
+    "white-haired_woman": "👩\u200d🦳",
+    "white_heart": "🤍",
+    "white_heavy_check_mark": "✅",
+    "white_large_square": "⬜",
+    "white_medium-small_square": "◽",
+    "white_medium_square": "◻",
+    "white_medium_star": "⭐",
+    "white_question_mark": "❔",
+    "white_small_square": "▫",
+    "white_square_button": "🔳",
+    "wilted_flower": "🥀",
+    "wind_chime": "🎐",
+    "wind_face": "🌬",
+    "wine_glass": "🍷",
+    "winking_face": "😉",
+    "winking_face_with_tongue": "😜",
+    "wolf_face": "🐺",
+    "woman": "👩",
+    "woman_artist": "👩\u200d🎨",
+    "woman_artist_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🎨",
+    "woman_artist_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🎨",
+    "woman_artist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🎨",
+    "woman_artist_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🎨",
+    "woman_artist_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🎨",
+    "woman_astronaut": "👩\u200d🚀",
+    "woman_astronaut_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🚀",
+    "woman_astronaut_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🚀",
+    "woman_astronaut_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🚀",
+    "woman_astronaut_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🚀",
+    "woman_astronaut_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🚀",
+    "woman_biking": "🚴\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_biking_dark_skin_tone": "🚴🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_biking_light_skin_tone": "🚴🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_biking_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚴🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_biking_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚴🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_biking_medium_skin_tone": "🚴🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bouncing_ball": "⛹️\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bouncing_ball_dark_skin_tone": "⛹🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bouncing_ball_light_skin_tone": "⛹🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bouncing_ball_medium-dark_skin_tone": "⛹🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bouncing_ball_medium-light_skin_tone": "⛹🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bouncing_ball_medium_skin_tone": "⛹🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bowing": "🙇\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bowing_dark_skin_tone": "🙇🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bowing_light_skin_tone": "🙇🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bowing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙇🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bowing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙇🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_bowing_medium_skin_tone": "🙇🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_cartwheeling": "🤸\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_cartwheeling_dark_skin_tone": "🤸🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_cartwheeling_light_skin_tone": "🤸🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_cartwheeling_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤸🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_cartwheeling_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤸🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_cartwheeling_medium_skin_tone": "🤸🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_climbing": "🧗\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_climbing_dark_skin_tone": "🧗🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_climbing_light_skin_tone": "🧗🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_climbing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧗🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_climbing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧗🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_climbing_medium_skin_tone": "🧗🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_construction_worker": "👷\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_construction_worker_dark_skin_tone": "👷🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_construction_worker_light_skin_tone": "👷🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_construction_worker_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👷🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_construction_worker_medium-light_skin_tone": "👷🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_construction_worker_medium_skin_tone": "👷🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_cook": "👩\u200d🍳",
+    "woman_cook_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🍳",
+    "woman_cook_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🍳",
+    "woman_cook_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🍳",
+    "woman_cook_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🍳",
+    "woman_cook_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🍳",
+    "woman_dancing": "💃",
+    "woman_dancing_dark_skin_tone": "💃🏿",
+    "woman_dancing_light_skin_tone": "💃🏻",
+    "woman_dancing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💃🏾",
+    "woman_dancing_medium-light_skin_tone": "💃🏼",
+    "woman_dancing_medium_skin_tone": "💃🏽",
+    "woman_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿",
+    "woman_detective": "🕵️\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_detective_dark_skin_tone": "🕵🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_detective_light_skin_tone": "🕵🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_detective_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🕵🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_detective_medium-light_skin_tone": "🕵🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_detective_medium_skin_tone": "🕵🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_elf": "🧝\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_elf_dark_skin_tone": "🧝🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_elf_light_skin_tone": "🧝🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_elf_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧝🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_elf_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧝🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_elf_medium_skin_tone": "🧝🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_facepalming": "🤦\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_facepalming_dark_skin_tone": "🤦🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_facepalming_light_skin_tone": "🤦🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_facepalming_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤦🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_facepalming_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤦🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_facepalming_medium_skin_tone": "🤦🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_factory_worker": "👩\u200d🏭",
+    "woman_factory_worker_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🏭",
+    "woman_factory_worker_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🏭",
+    "woman_factory_worker_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🏭",
+    "woman_factory_worker_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🏭",
+    "woman_factory_worker_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🏭",
+    "woman_fairy": "🧚\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_fairy_dark_skin_tone": "🧚🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_fairy_light_skin_tone": "🧚🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_fairy_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧚🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_fairy_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧚🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_fairy_medium_skin_tone": "🧚🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_farmer": "👩\u200d🌾",
+    "woman_farmer_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🌾",
+    "woman_farmer_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🌾",
+    "woman_farmer_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🌾",
+    "woman_farmer_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🌾",
+    "woman_farmer_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🌾",
+    "woman_firefighter": "👩\u200d🚒",
+    "woman_firefighter_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🚒",
+    "woman_firefighter_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🚒",
+    "woman_firefighter_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🚒",
+    "woman_firefighter_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🚒",
+    "woman_firefighter_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🚒",
+    "woman_frowning": "🙍\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_frowning_dark_skin_tone": "🙍🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_frowning_light_skin_tone": "🙍🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_frowning_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙍🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_frowning_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙍🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_frowning_medium_skin_tone": "🙍🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_genie": "🧞\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_no": "🙅\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_no_dark_skin_tone": "🙅🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_no_light_skin_tone": "🙅🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_no_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙅🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_no_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙅🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_no_medium_skin_tone": "🙅🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_ok": "🙆\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_ok_dark_skin_tone": "🙆🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_ok_light_skin_tone": "🙆🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_ok_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙆🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_ok_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙆🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_gesturing_ok_medium_skin_tone": "🙆🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_haircut": "💇\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_haircut_dark_skin_tone": "💇🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_haircut_light_skin_tone": "💇🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_haircut_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💇🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_haircut_medium-light_skin_tone": "💇🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_haircut_medium_skin_tone": "💇🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_massage": "💆\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_massage_dark_skin_tone": "💆🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_massage_light_skin_tone": "💆🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_massage_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💆🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_massage_medium-light_skin_tone": "💆🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_getting_massage_medium_skin_tone": "💆🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_golfing": "🏌️\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_golfing_dark_skin_tone": "🏌🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_golfing_light_skin_tone": "🏌🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_golfing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏌🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_golfing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏌🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_golfing_medium_skin_tone": "🏌🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_guard": "💂\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_guard_dark_skin_tone": "💂🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_guard_light_skin_tone": "💂🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_guard_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💂🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_guard_medium-light_skin_tone": "💂🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_guard_medium_skin_tone": "💂🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_health_worker": "👩\u200d⚕️",
+    "woman_health_worker_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d⚕️",
+    "woman_health_worker_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d⚕️",
+    "woman_health_worker_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d⚕️",
+    "woman_health_worker_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d⚕️",
+    "woman_health_worker_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d⚕️",
+    "woman_in_lotus_position": "🧘\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_lotus_position_dark_skin_tone": "🧘🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_lotus_position_light_skin_tone": "🧘🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_lotus_position_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧘🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_lotus_position_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧘🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_lotus_position_medium_skin_tone": "🧘🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_manual_wheelchair": "👩\u200d🦽",
+    "woman_in_motorized_wheelchair": "👩\u200d🦼",
+    "woman_in_steamy_room": "🧖\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_steamy_room_dark_skin_tone": "🧖🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_steamy_room_light_skin_tone": "🧖🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_steamy_room_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧖🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_steamy_room_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧖🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_in_steamy_room_medium_skin_tone": "🧖🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_judge": "👩\u200d⚖️",
+    "woman_judge_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d⚖️",
+    "woman_judge_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d⚖️",
+    "woman_judge_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d⚖️",
+    "woman_judge_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d⚖️",
+    "woman_judge_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d⚖️",
+    "woman_juggling": "🤹\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_juggling_dark_skin_tone": "🤹🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_juggling_light_skin_tone": "🤹🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_juggling_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤹🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_juggling_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤹🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_juggling_medium_skin_tone": "🤹🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_lifting_weights": "🏋️\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_lifting_weights_dark_skin_tone": "🏋🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_lifting_weights_light_skin_tone": "🏋🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_lifting_weights_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏋🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_lifting_weights_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏋🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_lifting_weights_medium_skin_tone": "🏋🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻",
+    "woman_mage": "🧙\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mage_dark_skin_tone": "🧙🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mage_light_skin_tone": "🧙🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mage_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧙🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mage_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧙🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mage_medium_skin_tone": "🧙🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mechanic": "👩\u200d🔧",
+    "woman_mechanic_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🔧",
+    "woman_mechanic_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🔧",
+    "woman_mechanic_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🔧",
+    "woman_mechanic_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🔧",
+    "woman_mechanic_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🔧",
+    "woman_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾",
+    "woman_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼",
+    "woman_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽",
+    "woman_mountain_biking": "🚵\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mountain_biking_dark_skin_tone": "🚵🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mountain_biking_light_skin_tone": "🚵🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mountain_biking_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚵🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mountain_biking_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚵🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_mountain_biking_medium_skin_tone": "🚵🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_office_worker": "👩\u200d💼",
+    "woman_office_worker_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d💼",
+    "woman_office_worker_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d💼",
+    "woman_office_worker_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d💼",
+    "woman_office_worker_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d💼",
+    "woman_office_worker_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d💼",
+    "woman_pilot": "👩\u200d✈️",
+    "woman_pilot_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d✈️",
+    "woman_pilot_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d✈️",
+    "woman_pilot_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d✈️",
+    "woman_pilot_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d✈️",
+    "woman_pilot_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d✈️",
+    "woman_playing_handball": "🤾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_handball_dark_skin_tone": "🤾🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_handball_light_skin_tone": "🤾🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_handball_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤾🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_handball_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤾🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_handball_medium_skin_tone": "🤾🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_water_polo": "🤽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_water_polo_dark_skin_tone": "🤽🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_water_polo_light_skin_tone": "🤽🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_water_polo_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤽🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_water_polo_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤽🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_playing_water_polo_medium_skin_tone": "🤽🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_police_officer": "👮\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_police_officer_dark_skin_tone": "👮🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_police_officer_light_skin_tone": "👮🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_police_officer_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👮🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_police_officer_medium-light_skin_tone": "👮🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_police_officer_medium_skin_tone": "👮🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_pouting": "🙎\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_pouting_dark_skin_tone": "🙎🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_pouting_light_skin_tone": "🙎🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_pouting_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙎🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_pouting_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙎🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_pouting_medium_skin_tone": "🙎🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_raising_hand": "🙋\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_raising_hand_dark_skin_tone": "🙋🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_raising_hand_light_skin_tone": "🙋🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_raising_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🙋🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_raising_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "🙋🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_raising_hand_medium_skin_tone": "🙋🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_rowing_boat": "🚣\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_rowing_boat_dark_skin_tone": "🚣🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_rowing_boat_light_skin_tone": "🚣🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_rowing_boat_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚣🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_rowing_boat_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚣🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_rowing_boat_medium_skin_tone": "🚣🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_running": "🏃\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_running_dark_skin_tone": "🏃🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_running_light_skin_tone": "🏃🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_running_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏃🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_running_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏃🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_running_medium_skin_tone": "🏃🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_scientist": "👩\u200d🔬",
+    "woman_scientist_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🔬",
+    "woman_scientist_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🔬",
+    "woman_scientist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🔬",
+    "woman_scientist_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🔬",
+    "woman_scientist_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🔬",
+    "woman_shrugging": "🤷\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_shrugging_dark_skin_tone": "🤷🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_shrugging_light_skin_tone": "🤷🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_shrugging_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🤷🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_shrugging_medium-light_skin_tone": "🤷🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_shrugging_medium_skin_tone": "🤷🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_singer": "👩\u200d🎤",
+    "woman_singer_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🎤",
+    "woman_singer_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🎤",
+    "woman_singer_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🎤",
+    "woman_singer_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🎤",
+    "woman_singer_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🎤",
+    "woman_student": "👩\u200d🎓",
+    "woman_student_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🎓",
+    "woman_student_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🎓",
+    "woman_student_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🎓",
+    "woman_student_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🎓",
+    "woman_student_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🎓",
+    "woman_surfing": "🏄\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_surfing_dark_skin_tone": "🏄🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_surfing_light_skin_tone": "🏄🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_surfing_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏄🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_surfing_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏄🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_surfing_medium_skin_tone": "🏄🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_swimming": "🏊\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_swimming_dark_skin_tone": "🏊🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_swimming_light_skin_tone": "🏊🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_swimming_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🏊🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_swimming_medium-light_skin_tone": "🏊🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_swimming_medium_skin_tone": "🏊🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_teacher": "👩\u200d🏫",
+    "woman_teacher_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d🏫",
+    "woman_teacher_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d🏫",
+    "woman_teacher_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d🏫",
+    "woman_teacher_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d🏫",
+    "woman_teacher_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d🏫",
+    "woman_technologist": "👩\u200d💻",
+    "woman_technologist_dark_skin_tone": "👩🏿\u200d💻",
+    "woman_technologist_light_skin_tone": "👩🏻\u200d💻",
+    "woman_technologist_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👩🏾\u200d💻",
+    "woman_technologist_medium-light_skin_tone": "👩🏼\u200d💻",
+    "woman_technologist_medium_skin_tone": "👩🏽\u200d💻",
+    "woman_tipping_hand": "💁\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_tipping_hand_dark_skin_tone": "💁🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_tipping_hand_light_skin_tone": "💁🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_tipping_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "💁🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_tipping_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "💁🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_tipping_hand_medium_skin_tone": "💁🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_vampire": "🧛\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_vampire_dark_skin_tone": "🧛🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_vampire_light_skin_tone": "🧛🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_vampire_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧛🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_vampire_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧛🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_vampire_medium_skin_tone": "🧛🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_walking": "🚶\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_walking_dark_skin_tone": "🚶🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_walking_light_skin_tone": "🚶🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_walking_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🚶🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_walking_medium-light_skin_tone": "🚶🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_walking_medium_skin_tone": "🚶🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_wearing_turban": "👳\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_wearing_turban_dark_skin_tone": "👳🏿\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_wearing_turban_light_skin_tone": "👳🏻\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_wearing_turban_medium-dark_skin_tone": "👳🏾\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_wearing_turban_medium-light_skin_tone": "👳🏼\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_wearing_turban_medium_skin_tone": "👳🏽\u200d♀️",
+    "woman_with_headscarf": "🧕",
+    "woman_with_headscarf_dark_skin_tone": "🧕🏿",
+    "woman_with_headscarf_light_skin_tone": "🧕🏻",
+    "woman_with_headscarf_medium-dark_skin_tone": "🧕🏾",
+    "woman_with_headscarf_medium-light_skin_tone": "🧕🏼",
+    "woman_with_headscarf_medium_skin_tone": "🧕🏽",
+    "woman_with_probing_cane": "👩\u200d🦯",
+    "woman_zombie": "🧟\u200d♀️",
+    "woman’s_boot": "👢",
+    "woman’s_clothes": "👚",
+    "woman’s_hat": "👒",
+    "woman’s_sandal": "👡",
+    "women_with_bunny_ears": "👯\u200d♀️",
+    "women_wrestling": "🤼\u200d♀️",
+    "women’s_room": "🚺",
+    "woozy_face": "🥴",
+    "world_map": "🗺",
+    "worried_face": "😟",
+    "wrapped_gift": "🎁",
+    "wrench": "🔧",
+    "writing_hand": "✍",
+    "writing_hand_dark_skin_tone": "✍🏿",
+    "writing_hand_light_skin_tone": "✍🏻",
+    "writing_hand_medium-dark_skin_tone": "✍🏾",
+    "writing_hand_medium-light_skin_tone": "✍🏼",
+    "writing_hand_medium_skin_tone": "✍🏽",
+    "yarn": "🧶",
+    "yawning_face": "🥱",
+    "yellow_circle": "🟡",
+    "yellow_heart": "💛",
+    "yellow_square": "🟨",
+    "yen_banknote": "💴",
+    "yo-yo": "🪀",
+    "yin_yang": "☯",
+    "zany_face": "🤪",
+    "zebra": "🦓",
+    "zipper-mouth_face": "🤐",
+    "zombie": "🧟",
+    "zzz": "💤",
+    "åland_islands": "🇦🇽",
+    "keycap_asterisk": "*⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_eight": "8⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_five": "5⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_four": "4⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_nine": "9⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_one": "1⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_seven": "7⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_six": "6⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_three": "3⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_two": "2⃣",
+    "keycap_digit_zero": "0⃣",
+    "keycap_number_sign": "#⃣",
+    "light_skin_tone": "🏻",
+    "medium_light_skin_tone": "🏼",
+    "medium_skin_tone": "🏽",
+    "medium_dark_skin_tone": "🏾",
+    "dark_skin_tone": "🏿",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_a": "🇦",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_b": "🇧",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_c": "🇨",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_d": "🇩",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_e": "🇪",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_f": "🇫",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_g": "🇬",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_h": "🇭",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_i": "🇮",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_j": "🇯",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_k": "🇰",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_l": "🇱",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_m": "🇲",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_n": "🇳",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_o": "🇴",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_p": "🇵",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_q": "🇶",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_r": "🇷",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_s": "🇸",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_t": "🇹",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_u": "🇺",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_v": "🇻",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_w": "🇼",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_x": "🇽",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_y": "🇾",
+    "regional_indicator_symbol_letter_z": "🇿",
+    "airplane_arriving": "🛬",
+    "space_invader": "👾",
+    "football": "🏈",
+    "anger": "💢",
+    "angry": "😠",
+    "anguished": "😧",
+    "signal_strength": "📶",
+    "arrows_counterclockwise": "🔄",
+    "arrow_heading_down": "⤵",
+    "arrow_heading_up": "⤴",
+    "art": "🎨",
+    "astonished": "😲",
+    "athletic_shoe": "👟",
+    "atm": "🏧",
+    "car": "🚗",
+    "red_car": "🚗",
+    "angel": "👼",
+    "back": "🔙",
+    "badminton_racquet_and_shuttlecock": "🏸",
+    "dollar": "💵",
+    "euro": "💶",
+    "pound": "💷",
+    "yen": "💴",
+    "barber": "💈",
+    "bath": "🛀",
+    "bear": "🐻",
+    "heartbeat": "💓",
+    "beer": "🍺",
+    "no_bell": "🔕",
+    "bento": "🍱",
+    "bike": "🚲",
+    "bicyclist": "🚴",
+    "8ball": "🎱",
+    "biohazard_sign": "☣",
+    "birthday": "🎂",
+    "black_circle_for_record": "⏺",
+    "clubs": "♣",
+    "diamonds": "♦",
+    "arrow_double_down": "⏬",
+    "hearts": "♥",
+    "rewind": "⏪",
+    "black_left__pointing_double_triangle_with_vertical_bar": "⏮",
+    "arrow_backward": "◀",
+    "black_medium_small_square": "◾",
+    "question": "❓",
+    "fast_forward": "⏩",
+    "black_right__pointing_double_triangle_with_vertical_bar": "⏭",
+    "arrow_forward": "▶",
+    "black_right__pointing_triangle_with_double_vertical_bar": "⏯",
+    "arrow_right": "➡",
+    "spades": "♠",
+    "black_square_for_stop": "⏹",
+    "sunny": "☀",
+    "phone": "☎",
+    "recycle": "♻",
+    "arrow_double_up": "⏫",
+    "busstop": "🚏",
+    "date": "📅",
+    "flags": "🎏",
+    "cat2": "🐈",
+    "joy_cat": "😹",
+    "smirk_cat": "😼",
+    "chart_with_downwards_trend": "📉",
+    "chart_with_upwards_trend": "📈",
+    "chart": "💹",
+    "mega": "📣",
+    "checkered_flag": "🏁",
+    "accept": "🉑",
+    "ideograph_advantage": "🉐",
+    "congratulations": "㊗",
+    "secret": "㊙",
+    "m": "Ⓜ",
+    "city_sunset": "🌆",
+    "clapper": "🎬",
+    "clap": "👏",
+    "beers": "🍻",
+    "clock830": "🕣",
+    "clock8": "🕗",
+    "clock1130": "🕦",
+    "clock11": "🕚",
+    "clock530": "🕠",
+    "clock5": "🕔",
+    "clock430": "🕟",
+    "clock4": "🕓",
+    "clock930": "🕤",
+    "clock9": "🕘",
+    "clock130": "🕜",
+    "clock1": "🕐",
+    "clock730": "🕢",
+    "clock7": "🕖",
+    "clock630": "🕡",
+    "clock6": "🕕",
+    "clock1030": "🕥",
+    "clock10": "🕙",
+    "clock330": "🕞",
+    "clock3": "🕒",
+    "clock1230": "🕧",
+    "clock12": "🕛",
+    "clock230": "🕝",
+    "clock2": "🕑",
+    "arrows_clockwise": "🔃",
+    "repeat": "🔁",
+    "repeat_one": "🔂",
+    "closed_lock_with_key": "🔐",
+    "mailbox_closed": "📪",
+    "mailbox": "📫",
+    "cloud_with_tornado": "🌪",
+    "cocktail": "🍸",
+    "boom": "💥",
+    "compression": "🗜",
+    "confounded": "😖",
+    "confused": "😕",
+    "rice": "🍚",
+    "cow2": "🐄",
+    "cricket_bat_and_ball": "🏏",
+    "x": "❌",
+    "cry": "😢",
+    "curry": "🍛",
+    "dagger_knife": "🗡",
+    "dancer": "💃",
+    "dark_sunglasses": "🕶",
+    "dash": "💨",
+    "truck": "🚚",
+    "derelict_house_building": "🏚",
+    "diamond_shape_with_a_dot_inside": "💠",
+    "dart": "🎯",
+    "disappointed_relieved": "😥",
+    "disappointed": "😞",
+    "do_not_litter": "🚯",
+    "dog2": "🐕",
+    "flipper": "🐬",
+    "loop": "➿",
+    "bangbang": "‼",
+    "double_vertical_bar": "⏸",
+    "dove_of_peace": "🕊",
+    "small_red_triangle_down": "🔻",
+    "arrow_down_small": "🔽",
+    "arrow_down": "⬇",
+    "dromedary_camel": "🐪",
+    "e__mail": "📧",
+    "corn": "🌽",
+    "ear_of_rice": "🌾",
+    "earth_americas": "🌎",
+    "earth_asia": "🌏",
+    "earth_africa": "🌍",
+    "eight_pointed_black_star": "✴",
+    "eight_spoked_asterisk": "✳",
+    "eject_symbol": "⏏",
+    "bulb": "💡",
+    "emoji_modifier_fitzpatrick_type__1__2": "🏻",
+    "emoji_modifier_fitzpatrick_type__3": "🏼",
+    "emoji_modifier_fitzpatrick_type__4": "🏽",
+    "emoji_modifier_fitzpatrick_type__5": "🏾",
+    "emoji_modifier_fitzpatrick_type__6": "🏿",
+    "end": "🔚",
+    "email": "✉",
+    "european_castle": "🏰",
+    "european_post_office": "🏤",
+    "interrobang": "⁉",
+    "expressionless": "😑",
+    "eyeglasses": "👓",
+    "massage": "💆",
+    "yum": "😋",
+    "scream": "😱",
+    "kissing_heart": "😘",
+    "sweat": "😓",
+    "face_with_head__bandage": "🤕",
+    "triumph": "😤",
+    "mask": "😷",
+    "no_good": "🙅",
+    "ok_woman": "🙆",
+    "open_mouth": "😮",
+    "cold_sweat": "😰",
+    "stuck_out_tongue": "😛",
+    "stuck_out_tongue_closed_eyes": "😝",
+    "stuck_out_tongue_winking_eye": "😜",
+    "joy": "😂",
+    "no_mouth": "😶",
+    "santa": "🎅",
+    "fax": "📠",
+    "fearful": "😨",
+    "field_hockey_stick_and_ball": "🏑",
+    "first_quarter_moon_with_face": "🌛",
+    "fish_cake": "🍥",
+    "fishing_pole_and_fish": "🎣",
+    "facepunch": "👊",
+    "punch": "👊",
+    "flag_for_afghanistan": "🇦🇫",
+    "flag_for_albania": "🇦🇱",
+    "flag_for_algeria": "🇩🇿",
+    "flag_for_american_samoa": "🇦🇸",
+    "flag_for_andorra": "🇦🇩",
+    "flag_for_angola": "🇦🇴",
+    "flag_for_anguilla": "🇦🇮",
+    "flag_for_antarctica": "🇦🇶",
+    "flag_for_antigua_&_barbuda": "🇦🇬",
+    "flag_for_argentina": "🇦🇷",
+    "flag_for_armenia": "🇦🇲",
+    "flag_for_aruba": "🇦🇼",
+    "flag_for_ascension_island": "🇦🇨",
+    "flag_for_australia": "🇦🇺",
+    "flag_for_austria": "🇦🇹",
+    "flag_for_azerbaijan": "🇦🇿",
+    "flag_for_bahamas": "🇧🇸",
+    "flag_for_bahrain": "🇧🇭",
+    "flag_for_bangladesh": "🇧🇩",
+    "flag_for_barbados": "🇧🇧",
+    "flag_for_belarus": "🇧🇾",
+    "flag_for_belgium": "🇧🇪",
+    "flag_for_belize": "🇧🇿",
+    "flag_for_benin": "🇧🇯",
+    "flag_for_bermuda": "🇧🇲",
+    "flag_for_bhutan": "🇧🇹",
+    "flag_for_bolivia": "🇧🇴",
+    "flag_for_bosnia_&_herzegovina": "🇧🇦",
+    "flag_for_botswana": "🇧🇼",
+    "flag_for_bouvet_island": "🇧🇻",
+    "flag_for_brazil": "🇧🇷",
+    "flag_for_british_indian_ocean_territory": "🇮🇴",
+    "flag_for_british_virgin_islands": "🇻🇬",
+    "flag_for_brunei": "🇧🇳",
+    "flag_for_bulgaria": "🇧🇬",
+    "flag_for_burkina_faso": "🇧🇫",
+    "flag_for_burundi": "🇧🇮",
+    "flag_for_cambodia": "🇰🇭",
+    "flag_for_cameroon": "🇨🇲",
+    "flag_for_canada": "🇨🇦",
+    "flag_for_canary_islands": "🇮🇨",
+    "flag_for_cape_verde": "🇨🇻",
+    "flag_for_caribbean_netherlands": "🇧🇶",
+    "flag_for_cayman_islands": "🇰🇾",
+    "flag_for_central_african_republic": "🇨🇫",
+    "flag_for_ceuta_&_melilla": "🇪🇦",
+    "flag_for_chad": "🇹🇩",
+    "flag_for_chile": "🇨🇱",
+    "flag_for_china": "🇨🇳",
+    "flag_for_christmas_island": "🇨🇽",
+    "flag_for_clipperton_island": "🇨🇵",
+    "flag_for_cocos__islands": "🇨🇨",
+    "flag_for_colombia": "🇨🇴",
+    "flag_for_comoros": "🇰🇲",
+    "flag_for_congo____brazzaville": "🇨🇬",
+    "flag_for_congo____kinshasa": "🇨🇩",
+    "flag_for_cook_islands": "🇨🇰",
+    "flag_for_costa_rica": "🇨🇷",
+    "flag_for_croatia": "🇭🇷",
+    "flag_for_cuba": "🇨🇺",
+    "flag_for_curaçao": "🇨🇼",
+    "flag_for_cyprus": "🇨🇾",
+    "flag_for_czech_republic": "🇨🇿",
+    "flag_for_côte_d’ivoire": "🇨🇮",
+    "flag_for_denmark": "🇩🇰",
+    "flag_for_diego_garcia": "🇩🇬",
+    "flag_for_djibouti": "🇩🇯",
+    "flag_for_dominica": "🇩🇲",
+    "flag_for_dominican_republic": "🇩🇴",
+    "flag_for_ecuador": "🇪🇨",
+    "flag_for_egypt": "🇪🇬",
+    "flag_for_el_salvador": "🇸🇻",
+    "flag_for_equatorial_guinea": "🇬🇶",
+    "flag_for_eritrea": "🇪🇷",
+    "flag_for_estonia": "🇪🇪",
+    "flag_for_ethiopia": "🇪🇹",
+    "flag_for_european_union": "🇪🇺",
+    "flag_for_falkland_islands": "🇫🇰",
+    "flag_for_faroe_islands": "🇫🇴",
+    "flag_for_fiji": "🇫🇯",
+    "flag_for_finland": "🇫🇮",
+    "flag_for_france": "🇫🇷",
+    "flag_for_french_guiana": "🇬🇫",
+    "flag_for_french_polynesia": "🇵🇫",
+    "flag_for_french_southern_territories": "🇹🇫",
+    "flag_for_gabon": "🇬🇦",
+    "flag_for_gambia": "🇬🇲",
+    "flag_for_georgia": "🇬🇪",
+    "flag_for_germany": "🇩🇪",
+    "flag_for_ghana": "🇬🇭",
+    "flag_for_gibraltar": "🇬🇮",
+    "flag_for_greece": "🇬🇷",
+    "flag_for_greenland": "🇬🇱",
+    "flag_for_grenada": "🇬🇩",
+    "flag_for_guadeloupe": "🇬🇵",
+    "flag_for_guam": "🇬🇺",
+    "flag_for_guatemala": "🇬🇹",
+    "flag_for_guernsey": "🇬🇬",
+    "flag_for_guinea": "🇬🇳",
+    "flag_for_guinea__bissau": "🇬🇼",
+    "flag_for_guyana": "🇬🇾",
+    "flag_for_haiti": "🇭🇹",
+    "flag_for_heard_&_mcdonald_islands": "🇭🇲",
+    "flag_for_honduras": "🇭🇳",
+    "flag_for_hong_kong": "🇭🇰",
+    "flag_for_hungary": "🇭🇺",
+    "flag_for_iceland": "🇮🇸",
+    "flag_for_india": "🇮🇳",
+    "flag_for_indonesia": "🇮🇩",
+    "flag_for_iran": "🇮🇷",
+    "flag_for_iraq": "🇮🇶",
+    "flag_for_ireland": "🇮🇪",
+    "flag_for_isle_of_man": "🇮🇲",
+    "flag_for_israel": "🇮🇱",
+    "flag_for_italy": "🇮🇹",
+    "flag_for_jamaica": "🇯🇲",
+    "flag_for_japan": "🇯🇵",
+    "flag_for_jersey": "🇯🇪",
+    "flag_for_jordan": "🇯🇴",
+    "flag_for_kazakhstan": "🇰🇿",
+    "flag_for_kenya": "🇰🇪",
+    "flag_for_kiribati": "🇰🇮",
+    "flag_for_kosovo": "🇽🇰",
+    "flag_for_kuwait": "🇰🇼",
+    "flag_for_kyrgyzstan": "🇰🇬",
+    "flag_for_laos": "🇱🇦",
+    "flag_for_latvia": "🇱🇻",
+    "flag_for_lebanon": "🇱🇧",
+    "flag_for_lesotho": "🇱🇸",
+    "flag_for_liberia": "🇱🇷",
+    "flag_for_libya": "🇱🇾",
+    "flag_for_liechtenstein": "🇱🇮",
+    "flag_for_lithuania": "🇱🇹",
+    "flag_for_luxembourg": "🇱🇺",
+    "flag_for_macau": "🇲🇴",
+    "flag_for_macedonia": "🇲🇰",
+    "flag_for_madagascar": "🇲🇬",
+    "flag_for_malawi": "🇲🇼",
+    "flag_for_malaysia": "🇲🇾",
+    "flag_for_maldives": "🇲🇻",
+    "flag_for_mali": "🇲🇱",
+    "flag_for_malta": "🇲🇹",
+    "flag_for_marshall_islands": "🇲🇭",
+    "flag_for_martinique": "🇲🇶",
+    "flag_for_mauritania": "🇲🇷",
+    "flag_for_mauritius": "🇲🇺",
+    "flag_for_mayotte": "🇾🇹",
+    "flag_for_mexico": "🇲🇽",
+    "flag_for_micronesia": "🇫🇲",
+    "flag_for_moldova": "🇲🇩",
+    "flag_for_monaco": "🇲🇨",
+    "flag_for_mongolia": "🇲🇳",
+    "flag_for_montenegro": "🇲🇪",
+    "flag_for_montserrat": "🇲🇸",
+    "flag_for_morocco": "🇲🇦",
+    "flag_for_mozambique": "🇲🇿",
+    "flag_for_myanmar": "🇲🇲",
+    "flag_for_namibia": "🇳🇦",
+    "flag_for_nauru": "🇳🇷",
+    "flag_for_nepal": "🇳🇵",
+    "flag_for_netherlands": "🇳🇱",
+    "flag_for_new_caledonia": "🇳🇨",
+    "flag_for_new_zealand": "🇳🇿",
+    "flag_for_nicaragua": "🇳🇮",
+    "flag_for_niger": "🇳🇪",
+    "flag_for_nigeria": "🇳🇬",
+    "flag_for_niue": "🇳🇺",
+    "flag_for_norfolk_island": "🇳🇫",
+    "flag_for_north_korea": "🇰🇵",
+    "flag_for_northern_mariana_islands": "🇲🇵",
+    "flag_for_norway": "🇳🇴",
+    "flag_for_oman": "🇴🇲",
+    "flag_for_pakistan": "🇵🇰",
+    "flag_for_palau": "🇵🇼",
+    "flag_for_palestinian_territories": "🇵🇸",
+    "flag_for_panama": "🇵🇦",
+    "flag_for_papua_new_guinea": "🇵🇬",
+    "flag_for_paraguay": "🇵🇾",
+    "flag_for_peru": "🇵🇪",
+    "flag_for_philippines": "🇵🇭",
+    "flag_for_pitcairn_islands": "🇵🇳",
+    "flag_for_poland": "🇵🇱",
+    "flag_for_portugal": "🇵🇹",
+    "flag_for_puerto_rico": "🇵🇷",
+    "flag_for_qatar": "🇶🇦",
+    "flag_for_romania": "🇷🇴",
+    "flag_for_russia": "🇷🇺",
+    "flag_for_rwanda": "🇷🇼",
+    "flag_for_réunion": "🇷🇪",
+    "flag_for_samoa": "🇼🇸",
+    "flag_for_san_marino": "🇸🇲",
+    "flag_for_saudi_arabia": "🇸🇦",
+    "flag_for_senegal": "🇸🇳",
+    "flag_for_serbia": "🇷🇸",
+    "flag_for_seychelles": "🇸🇨",
+    "flag_for_sierra_leone": "🇸🇱",
+    "flag_for_singapore": "🇸🇬",
+    "flag_for_sint_maarten": "🇸🇽",
+    "flag_for_slovakia": "🇸🇰",
+    "flag_for_slovenia": "🇸🇮",
+    "flag_for_solomon_islands": "🇸🇧",
+    "flag_for_somalia": "🇸🇴",
+    "flag_for_south_africa": "🇿🇦",
+    "flag_for_south_georgia_&_south_sandwich_islands": "🇬🇸",
+    "flag_for_south_korea": "🇰🇷",
+    "flag_for_south_sudan": "🇸🇸",
+    "flag_for_spain": "🇪🇸",
+    "flag_for_sri_lanka": "🇱🇰",
+    "flag_for_st._barthélemy": "🇧🇱",
+    "flag_for_st._helena": "🇸🇭",
+    "flag_for_st._kitts_&_nevis": "🇰🇳",
+    "flag_for_st._lucia": "🇱🇨",
+    "flag_for_st._martin": "🇲🇫",
+    "flag_for_st._pierre_&_miquelon": "🇵🇲",
+    "flag_for_st._vincent_&_grenadines": "🇻🇨",
+    "flag_for_sudan": "🇸🇩",
+    "flag_for_suriname": "🇸🇷",
+    "flag_for_svalbard_&_jan_mayen": "🇸🇯",
+    "flag_for_swaziland": "🇸🇿",
+    "flag_for_sweden": "🇸🇪",
+    "flag_for_switzerland": "🇨🇭",
+    "flag_for_syria": "🇸🇾",
+    "flag_for_são_tomé_&_príncipe": "🇸🇹",
+    "flag_for_taiwan": "🇹🇼",
+    "flag_for_tajikistan": "🇹🇯",
+    "flag_for_tanzania": "🇹🇿",
+    "flag_for_thailand": "🇹🇭",
+    "flag_for_timor__leste": "🇹🇱",
+    "flag_for_togo": "🇹🇬",
+    "flag_for_tokelau": "🇹🇰",
+    "flag_for_tonga": "🇹🇴",
+    "flag_for_trinidad_&_tobago": "🇹🇹",
+    "flag_for_tristan_da_cunha": "🇹🇦",
+    "flag_for_tunisia": "🇹🇳",
+    "flag_for_turkey": "🇹🇷",
+    "flag_for_turkmenistan": "🇹🇲",
+    "flag_for_turks_&_caicos_islands": "🇹🇨",
+    "flag_for_tuvalu": "🇹🇻",
+    "flag_for_u.s._outlying_islands": "🇺🇲",
+    "flag_for_u.s._virgin_islands": "🇻🇮",
+    "flag_for_uganda": "🇺🇬",
+    "flag_for_ukraine": "🇺🇦",
+    "flag_for_united_arab_emirates": "🇦🇪",
+    "flag_for_united_kingdom": "🇬🇧",
+    "flag_for_united_states": "🇺🇸",
+    "flag_for_uruguay": "🇺🇾",
+    "flag_for_uzbekistan": "🇺🇿",
+    "flag_for_vanuatu": "🇻🇺",
+    "flag_for_vatican_city": "🇻🇦",
+    "flag_for_venezuela": "🇻🇪",
+    "flag_for_vietnam": "🇻🇳",
+    "flag_for_wallis_&_futuna": "🇼🇫",
+    "flag_for_western_sahara": "🇪🇭",
+    "flag_for_yemen": "🇾🇪",
+    "flag_for_zambia": "🇿🇲",
+    "flag_for_zimbabwe": "🇿🇼",
+    "flag_for_åland_islands": "🇦🇽",
+    "golf": "⛳",
+    "fleur__de__lis": "⚜",
+    "muscle": "💪",
+    "flushed": "😳",
+    "frame_with_picture": "🖼",
+    "fries": "🍟",
+    "frog": "🐸",
+    "hatched_chick": "🐥",
+    "frowning": "😦",
+    "fuelpump": "⛽",
+    "full_moon_with_face": "🌝",
+    "gem": "💎",
+    "star2": "🌟",
+    "golfer": "🏌",
+    "mortar_board": "🎓",
+    "grimacing": "😬",
+    "smile_cat": "😸",
+    "grinning": "😀",
+    "grin": "😁",
+    "heartpulse": "💗",
+    "guardsman": "💂",
+    "haircut": "💇",
+    "hamster": "🐹",
+    "raising_hand": "🙋",
+    "headphones": "🎧",
+    "hear_no_evil": "🙉",
+    "cupid": "💘",
+    "gift_heart": "💝",
+    "heart": "❤",
+    "exclamation": "❗",
+    "heavy_exclamation_mark": "❗",
+    "heavy_heart_exclamation_mark_ornament": "❣",
+    "o": "⭕",
+    "helm_symbol": "⎈",
+    "helmet_with_white_cross": "⛑",
+    "high_heel": "👠",
+    "bullettrain_side": "🚄",
+    "bullettrain_front": "🚅",
+    "high_brightness": "🔆",
+    "zap": "⚡",
+    "hocho": "🔪",
+    "knife": "🔪",
+    "bee": "🐝",
+    "traffic_light": "🚥",
+    "racehorse": "🐎",
+    "coffee": "☕",
+    "hotsprings": "♨",
+    "hourglass": "⌛",
+    "hourglass_flowing_sand": "⏳",
+    "house_buildings": "🏘",
+    "100": "💯",
+    "hushed": "😯",
+    "ice_hockey_stick_and_puck": "🏒",
+    "imp": "👿",
+    "information_desk_person": "💁",
+    "information_source": "ℹ",
+    "capital_abcd": "🔠",
+    "abc": "🔤",
+    "abcd": "🔡",
+    "1234": "🔢",
+    "symbols": "🔣",
+    "izakaya_lantern": "🏮",
+    "lantern": "🏮",
+    "jack_o_lantern": "🎃",
+    "dolls": "🎎",
+    "japanese_goblin": "👺",
+    "japanese_ogre": "👹",
+    "beginner": "🔰",
+    "zero": "0️⃣",
+    "one": "1️⃣",
+    "ten": "🔟",
+    "two": "2️⃣",
+    "three": "3️⃣",
+    "four": "4️⃣",
+    "five": "5️⃣",
+    "six": "6️⃣",
+    "seven": "7️⃣",
+    "eight": "8️⃣",
+    "nine": "9️⃣",
+    "couplekiss": "💏",
+    "kissing_cat": "😽",
+    "kissing": "😗",
+    "kissing_closed_eyes": "😚",
+    "kissing_smiling_eyes": "😙",
+    "beetle": "🐞",
+    "large_blue_circle": "🔵",
+    "last_quarter_moon_with_face": "🌜",
+    "leaves": "🍃",
+    "mag": "🔍",
+    "left_right_arrow": "↔",
+    "leftwards_arrow_with_hook": "↩",
+    "arrow_left": "⬅",
+    "lock": "🔒",
+    "lock_with_ink_pen": "🔏",
+    "sob": "😭",
+    "low_brightness": "🔅",
+    "lower_left_ballpoint_pen": "🖊",
+    "lower_left_crayon": "🖍",
+    "lower_left_fountain_pen": "🖋",
+    "lower_left_paintbrush": "🖌",
+    "mahjong": "🀄",
+    "couple": "👫",
+    "man_in_business_suit_levitating": "🕴",
+    "man_with_gua_pi_mao": "👲",
+    "man_with_turban": "👳",
+    "mans_shoe": "👞",
+    "shoe": "👞",
+    "menorah_with_nine_branches": "🕎",
+    "mens": "🚹",
+    "minidisc": "💽",
+    "iphone": "📱",
+    "calling": "📲",
+    "money__mouth_face": "🤑",
+    "moneybag": "💰",
+    "rice_scene": "🎑",
+    "mountain_bicyclist": "🚵",
+    "mouse2": "🐁",
+    "lips": "👄",
+    "moyai": "🗿",
+    "notes": "🎶",
+    "nail_care": "💅",
+    "ab": "🆎",
+    "negative_squared_cross_mark": "❎",
+    "a": "🅰",
+    "b": "🅱",
+    "o2": "🅾",
+    "parking": "🅿",
+    "new_moon_with_face": "🌚",
+    "no_entry_sign": "🚫",
+    "underage": "🔞",
+    "non__potable_water": "🚱",
+    "arrow_upper_right": "↗",
+    "arrow_upper_left": "↖",
+    "office": "🏢",
+    "older_man": "👴",
+    "older_woman": "👵",
+    "om_symbol": "🕉",
+    "on": "🔛",
+    "book": "📖",
+    "unlock": "🔓",
+    "mailbox_with_no_mail": "📭",
+    "mailbox_with_mail": "📬",
+    "cd": "💿",
+    "tada": "🎉",
+    "feet": "🐾",
+    "walking": "🚶",
+    "pencil2": "✏",
+    "pensive": "😔",
+    "persevere": "😣",
+    "bow": "🙇",
+    "raised_hands": "🙌",
+    "person_with_ball": "⛹",
+    "person_with_blond_hair": "👱",
+    "pray": "🙏",
+    "person_with_pouting_face": "🙎",
+    "computer": "💻",
+    "pig2": "🐖",
+    "hankey": "💩",
+    "poop": "💩",
+    "shit": "💩",
+    "bamboo": "🎍",
+    "gun": "🔫",
+    "black_joker": "🃏",
+    "rotating_light": "🚨",
+    "cop": "👮",
+    "stew": "🍲",
+    "pouch": "👝",
+    "pouting_cat": "😾",
+    "rage": "😡",
+    "put_litter_in_its_place": "🚮",
+    "rabbit2": "🐇",
+    "racing_motorcycle": "🏍",
+    "radioactive_sign": "☢",
+    "fist": "✊",
+    "hand": "✋",
+    "raised_hand_with_fingers_splayed": "🖐",
+    "raised_hand_with_part_between_middle_and_ring_fingers": "🖖",
+    "blue_car": "🚙",
+    "apple": "🍎",
+    "relieved": "😌",
+    "reversed_hand_with_middle_finger_extended": "🖕",
+    "mag_right": "🔎",
+    "arrow_right_hook": "↪",
+    "sweet_potato": "🍠",
+    "robot": "🤖",
+    "rolled__up_newspaper": "🗞",
+    "rowboat": "🚣",
+    "runner": "🏃",
+    "running": "🏃",
+    "running_shirt_with_sash": "🎽",
+    "boat": "⛵",
+    "scales": "⚖",
+    "school_satchel": "🎒",
+    "scorpius": "♏",
+    "see_no_evil": "🙈",
+    "sheep": "🐑",
+    "stars": "🌠",
+    "cake": "🍰",
+    "six_pointed_star": "🔯",
+    "ski": "🎿",
+    "sleeping_accommodation": "🛌",
+    "sleeping": "😴",
+    "sleepy": "😪",
+    "sleuth_or_spy": "🕵",
+    "heart_eyes_cat": "😻",
+    "smiley_cat": "😺",
+    "innocent": "😇",
+    "heart_eyes": "😍",
+    "smiling_imp": "😈",
+    "smiley": "😃",
+    "sweat_smile": "😅",
+    "smile": "😄",
+    "laughing": "😆",
+    "satisfied": "😆",
+    "blush": "😊",
+    "smirk": "😏",
+    "smoking": "🚬",
+    "snow_capped_mountain": "🏔",
+    "soccer": "⚽",
+    "icecream": "🍦",
+    "soon": "🔜",
+    "arrow_lower_right": "↘",
+    "arrow_lower_left": "↙",
+    "speak_no_evil": "🙊",
+    "speaker": "🔈",
+    "mute": "🔇",
+    "sound": "🔉",
+    "loud_sound": "🔊",
+    "speaking_head_in_silhouette": "🗣",
+    "spiral_calendar_pad": "🗓",
+    "spiral_note_pad": "🗒",
+    "shell": "🐚",
+    "sweat_drops": "💦",
+    "u5272": "🈹",
+    "u5408": "🈴",
+    "u55b6": "🈺",
+    "u6307": "🈯",
+    "u6708": "🈷",
+    "u6709": "🈶",
+    "u6e80": "🈵",
+    "u7121": "🈚",
+    "u7533": "🈸",
+    "u7981": "🈲",
+    "u7a7a": "🈳",
+    "cl": "🆑",
+    "cool": "🆒",
+    "free": "🆓",
+    "id": "🆔",
+    "koko": "🈁",
+    "sa": "🈂",
+    "new": "🆕",
+    "ng": "🆖",
+    "ok": "🆗",
+    "sos": "🆘",
+    "up": "🆙",
+    "vs": "🆚",
+    "steam_locomotive": "🚂",
+    "ramen": "🍜",
+    "partly_sunny": "⛅",
+    "city_sunrise": "🌇",
+    "surfer": "🏄",
+    "swimmer": "🏊",
+    "shirt": "👕",
+    "tshirt": "👕",
+    "table_tennis_paddle_and_ball": "🏓",
+    "tea": "🍵",
+    "tv": "📺",
+    "three_button_mouse": "🖱",
+    "+1": "👍",
+    "thumbsup": "👍",
+    "__1": "👎",
+    "-1": "👎",
+    "thumbsdown": "👎",
+    "thunder_cloud_and_rain": "⛈",
+    "tiger2": "🐅",
+    "tophat": "🎩",
+    "top": "🔝",
+    "tm": "™",
+    "train2": "🚆",
+    "triangular_flag_on_post": "🚩",
+    "trident": "🔱",
+    "twisted_rightwards_arrows": "🔀",
+    "unamused": "😒",
+    "small_red_triangle": "🔺",
+    "arrow_up_small": "🔼",
+    "arrow_up_down": "↕",
+    "upside__down_face": "🙃",
+    "arrow_up": "⬆",
+    "v": "✌",
+    "vhs": "📼",
+    "wc": "🚾",
+    "ocean": "🌊",
+    "waving_black_flag": "🏴",
+    "wave": "👋",
+    "waving_white_flag": "🏳",
+    "moon": "🌔",
+    "scream_cat": "🙀",
+    "weary": "😩",
+    "weight_lifter": "🏋",
+    "whale2": "🐋",
+    "wheelchair": "♿",
+    "point_down": "👇",
+    "grey_exclamation": "❕",
+    "white_frowning_face": "☹",
+    "white_check_mark": "✅",
+    "point_left": "👈",
+    "white_medium_small_square": "◽",
+    "star": "⭐",
+    "grey_question": "❔",
+    "point_right": "👉",
+    "relaxed": "☺",
+    "white_sun_behind_cloud": "🌥",
+    "white_sun_behind_cloud_with_rain": "🌦",
+    "white_sun_with_small_cloud": "🌤",
+    "point_up_2": "👆",
+    "point_up": "☝",
+    "wind_blowing_face": "🌬",
+    "wink": "😉",
+    "wolf": "🐺",
+    "dancers": "👯",
+    "boot": "👢",
+    "womans_clothes": "👚",
+    "womans_hat": "👒",
+    "sandal": "👡",
+    "womens": "🚺",
+    "worried": "😟",
+    "gift": "🎁",
+    "zipper__mouth_face": "🤐",
+    "regional_indicator_a": "🇦",
+    "regional_indicator_b": "🇧",
+    "regional_indicator_c": "🇨",
+    "regional_indicator_d": "🇩",
+    "regional_indicator_e": "🇪",
+    "regional_indicator_f": "🇫",
+    "regional_indicator_g": "🇬",
+    "regional_indicator_h": "🇭",
+    "regional_indicator_i": "🇮",
+    "regional_indicator_j": "🇯",
+    "regional_indicator_k": "🇰",
+    "regional_indicator_l": "🇱",
+    "regional_indicator_m": "🇲",
+    "regional_indicator_n": "🇳",
+    "regional_indicator_o": "🇴",
+    "regional_indicator_p": "🇵",
+    "regional_indicator_q": "🇶",
+    "regional_indicator_r": "🇷",
+    "regional_indicator_s": "🇸",
+    "regional_indicator_t": "🇹",
+    "regional_indicator_u": "🇺",
+    "regional_indicator_v": "🇻",
+    "regional_indicator_w": "🇼",
+    "regional_indicator_x": "🇽",
+    "regional_indicator_y": "🇾",
+    "regional_indicator_z": "🇿",
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_emoji_replace.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_emoji_replace.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb2cafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_emoji_replace.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+from typing import Callable, Match, Optional
+import re
+
+from ._emoji_codes import EMOJI
+
+
+_ReStringMatch = Match[str]  # regex match object
+_ReSubCallable = Callable[[_ReStringMatch], str]  # Callable invoked by re.sub
+_EmojiSubMethod = Callable[[_ReSubCallable, str], str]  # Sub method of a compiled re
+
+
+def _emoji_replace(
+    text: str,
+    default_variant: Optional[str] = None,
+    _emoji_sub: _EmojiSubMethod = re.compile(r"(:(\S*?)(?:(?:\-)(emoji|text))?:)").sub,
+) -> str:
+    """Replace emoji code in text."""
+    get_emoji = EMOJI.__getitem__
+    variants = {"text": "\uFE0E", "emoji": "\uFE0F"}
+    get_variant = variants.get
+    default_variant_code = variants.get(default_variant, "") if default_variant else ""
+
+    def do_replace(match: Match[str]) -> str:
+        emoji_code, emoji_name, variant = match.groups()
+        try:
+            return get_emoji(emoji_name.lower()) + get_variant(
+                variant, default_variant_code
+            )
+        except KeyError:
+            return emoji_code
+
+    return _emoji_sub(do_replace, text)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_extension.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_extension.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cbd6da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_extension.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from typing import Any
+
+
+def load_ipython_extension(ip: Any) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+    # prevent circular import
+    from pip._vendor.rich.pretty import install
+    from pip._vendor.rich.traceback import install as tr_install
+
+    install()
+    tr_install()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_inspect.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_inspect.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..262695b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_inspect.py
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from inspect import cleandoc, getdoc, getfile, isclass, ismodule, signature
+from typing import Any, Iterable, Optional, Tuple
+
+from .console import RenderableType, Group
+from .highlighter import ReprHighlighter
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .panel import Panel
+from .pretty import Pretty
+from .table import Table
+from .text import Text, TextType
+
+
+def _first_paragraph(doc: str) -> str:
+    """Get the first paragraph from a docstring."""
+    paragraph, _, _ = doc.partition("\n\n")
+    return paragraph
+
+
+def _reformat_doc(doc: str) -> str:
+    """Reformat docstring."""
+    doc = cleandoc(doc).strip()
+    return doc
+
+
+class Inspect(JupyterMixin):
+    """A renderable to inspect any Python Object.
+
+    Args:
+        obj (Any): An object to inspect.
+        title (str, optional): Title to display over inspect result, or None use type. Defaults to None.
+        help (bool, optional): Show full help text rather than just first paragraph. Defaults to False.
+        methods (bool, optional): Enable inspection of callables. Defaults to False.
+        docs (bool, optional): Also render doc strings. Defaults to True.
+        private (bool, optional): Show private attributes (beginning with underscore). Defaults to False.
+        dunder (bool, optional): Show attributes starting with double underscore. Defaults to False.
+        sort (bool, optional): Sort attributes alphabetically. Defaults to True.
+        all (bool, optional): Show all attributes. Defaults to False.
+        value (bool, optional): Pretty print value of object. Defaults to True.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        obj: Any,
+        *,
+        title: Optional[TextType] = None,
+        help: bool = False,
+        methods: bool = False,
+        docs: bool = True,
+        private: bool = False,
+        dunder: bool = False,
+        sort: bool = True,
+        all: bool = True,
+        value: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.highlighter = ReprHighlighter()
+        self.obj = obj
+        self.title = title or self._make_title(obj)
+        if all:
+            methods = private = dunder = True
+        self.help = help
+        self.methods = methods
+        self.docs = docs or help
+        self.private = private or dunder
+        self.dunder = dunder
+        self.sort = sort
+        self.value = value
+
+    def _make_title(self, obj: Any) -> Text:
+        """Make a default title."""
+        title_str = (
+            str(obj)
+            if (isclass(obj) or callable(obj) or ismodule(obj))
+            else str(type(obj))
+        )
+        title_text = self.highlighter(title_str)
+        return title_text
+
+    def __rich__(self) -> Panel:
+        return Panel.fit(
+            Group(*self._render()),
+            title=self.title,
+            border_style="scope.border",
+            padding=(0, 1),
+        )
+
+    def _get_signature(self, name: str, obj: Any) -> Optional[Text]:
+        """Get a signature for a callable."""
+        try:
+            _signature = str(signature(obj)) + ":"
+        except ValueError:
+            _signature = "(...)"
+        except TypeError:
+            return None
+
+        source_filename: Optional[str] = None
+        try:
+            source_filename = getfile(obj)
+        except TypeError:
+            pass
+
+        callable_name = Text(name, style="inspect.callable")
+        if source_filename:
+            callable_name.stylize(f"link file://{source_filename}")
+        signature_text = self.highlighter(_signature)
+
+        qualname = name or getattr(obj, "__qualname__", name)
+        qual_signature = Text.assemble(
+            ("def ", "inspect.def"), (qualname, "inspect.callable"), signature_text
+        )
+
+        return qual_signature
+
+    def _render(self) -> Iterable[RenderableType]:
+        """Render object."""
+
+        def sort_items(item: Tuple[str, Any]) -> Tuple[bool, str]:
+            key, (_error, value) = item
+            return (callable(value), key.strip("_").lower())
+
+        def safe_getattr(attr_name: str) -> Tuple[Any, Any]:
+            """Get attribute or any exception."""
+            try:
+                return (None, getattr(obj, attr_name))
+            except Exception as error:
+                return (error, None)
+
+        obj = self.obj
+        keys = dir(obj)
+        total_items = len(keys)
+        if not self.dunder:
+            keys = [key for key in keys if not key.startswith("__")]
+        if not self.private:
+            keys = [key for key in keys if not key.startswith("_")]
+        not_shown_count = total_items - len(keys)
+        items = [(key, safe_getattr(key)) for key in keys]
+        if self.sort:
+            items.sort(key=sort_items)
+
+        items_table = Table.grid(padding=(0, 1), expand=False)
+        items_table.add_column(justify="right")
+        add_row = items_table.add_row
+        highlighter = self.highlighter
+
+        if callable(obj):
+            signature = self._get_signature("", obj)
+            if signature is not None:
+                yield signature
+                yield ""
+
+        if self.docs:
+            _doc = getdoc(obj)
+            if _doc is not None:
+                if not self.help:
+                    _doc = _first_paragraph(_doc)
+                doc_text = Text(_reformat_doc(_doc), style="inspect.help")
+                doc_text = highlighter(doc_text)
+                yield doc_text
+                yield ""
+
+        if self.value and not (isclass(obj) or callable(obj) or ismodule(obj)):
+            yield Panel(
+                Pretty(obj, indent_guides=True, max_length=10, max_string=60),
+                border_style="inspect.value.border",
+            )
+            yield ""
+
+        for key, (error, value) in items:
+            key_text = Text.assemble(
+                (
+                    key,
+                    "inspect.attr.dunder" if key.startswith("__") else "inspect.attr",
+                ),
+                (" =", "inspect.equals"),
+            )
+            if error is not None:
+                warning = key_text.copy()
+                warning.stylize("inspect.error")
+                add_row(warning, highlighter(repr(error)))
+                continue
+
+            if callable(value):
+                if not self.methods:
+                    continue
+
+                _signature_text = self._get_signature(key, value)
+                if _signature_text is None:
+                    add_row(key_text, Pretty(value, highlighter=highlighter))
+                else:
+                    if self.docs:
+                        docs = getdoc(value)
+                        if docs is not None:
+                            _doc = _reformat_doc(str(docs))
+                            if not self.help:
+                                _doc = _first_paragraph(_doc)
+                            _signature_text.append("\n" if "\n" in _doc else " ")
+                            doc = highlighter(_doc)
+                            doc.stylize("inspect.doc")
+                            _signature_text.append(doc)
+
+                    add_row(key_text, _signature_text)
+            else:
+                add_row(key_text, Pretty(value, highlighter=highlighter))
+        if items_table.row_count:
+            yield items_table
+        else:
+            yield Text.from_markup(
+                f"[b cyan]{not_shown_count}[/][i] attribute(s) not shown.[/i] Run [b][magenta]inspect[/]([not b]inspect[/])[/b] for options."
+            )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_log_render.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_log_render.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc16c84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_log_render.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Iterable, List, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING, Union, Callable
+
+
+from .text import Text, TextType
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleRenderable, RenderableType
+    from .table import Table
+
+FormatTimeCallable = Callable[[datetime], Text]
+
+
+class LogRender:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        show_time: bool = True,
+        show_level: bool = False,
+        show_path: bool = True,
+        time_format: Union[str, FormatTimeCallable] = "[%x %X]",
+        omit_repeated_times: bool = True,
+        level_width: Optional[int] = 8,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.show_time = show_time
+        self.show_level = show_level
+        self.show_path = show_path
+        self.time_format = time_format
+        self.omit_repeated_times = omit_repeated_times
+        self.level_width = level_width
+        self._last_time: Optional[Text] = None
+
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        console: "Console",
+        renderables: Iterable["ConsoleRenderable"],
+        log_time: Optional[datetime] = None,
+        time_format: Optional[Union[str, FormatTimeCallable]] = None,
+        level: TextType = "",
+        path: Optional[str] = None,
+        line_no: Optional[int] = None,
+        link_path: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> "Table":
+        from .containers import Renderables
+        from .table import Table
+
+        output = Table.grid(padding=(0, 1))
+        output.expand = True
+        if self.show_time:
+            output.add_column(style="log.time")
+        if self.show_level:
+            output.add_column(style="log.level", width=self.level_width)
+        output.add_column(ratio=1, style="log.message", overflow="fold")
+        if self.show_path and path:
+            output.add_column(style="log.path")
+        row: List["RenderableType"] = []
+        if self.show_time:
+            log_time = log_time or console.get_datetime()
+            time_format = time_format or self.time_format
+            if callable(time_format):
+                log_time_display = time_format(log_time)
+            else:
+                log_time_display = Text(log_time.strftime(time_format))
+            if log_time_display == self._last_time and self.omit_repeated_times:
+                row.append(Text(" " * len(log_time_display)))
+            else:
+                row.append(log_time_display)
+                self._last_time = log_time_display
+        if self.show_level:
+            row.append(level)
+
+        row.append(Renderables(renderables))
+        if self.show_path and path:
+            path_text = Text()
+            path_text.append(
+                path, style=f"link file://{link_path}" if link_path else ""
+            )
+            if line_no:
+                path_text.append(":")
+                path_text.append(
+                    f"{line_no}",
+                    style=f"link file://{link_path}#{line_no}" if link_path else "",
+                )
+            row.append(path_text)
+
+        output.add_row(*row)
+        return output
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+
+    c = Console()
+    c.print("[on blue]Hello", justify="right")
+    c.log("[on blue]hello", justify="right")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_loop.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_loop.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01c6caf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_loop.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+from typing import Iterable, Tuple, TypeVar
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+def loop_first(values: Iterable[T]) -> Iterable[Tuple[bool, T]]:
+    """Iterate and generate a tuple with a flag for first value."""
+    iter_values = iter(values)
+    try:
+        value = next(iter_values)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return
+    yield True, value
+    for value in iter_values:
+        yield False, value
+
+
+def loop_last(values: Iterable[T]) -> Iterable[Tuple[bool, T]]:
+    """Iterate and generate a tuple with a flag for last value."""
+    iter_values = iter(values)
+    try:
+        previous_value = next(iter_values)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return
+    for value in iter_values:
+        yield False, previous_value
+        previous_value = value
+    yield True, previous_value
+
+
+def loop_first_last(values: Iterable[T]) -> Iterable[Tuple[bool, bool, T]]:
+    """Iterate and generate a tuple with a flag for first and last value."""
+    iter_values = iter(values)
+    try:
+        previous_value = next(iter_values)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return
+    first = True
+    for value in iter_values:
+        yield first, False, previous_value
+        first = False
+        previous_value = value
+    yield first, True, previous_value
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_lru_cache.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_lru_cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7bf2ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_lru_cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from typing import Dict, Generic, TypeVar
+
+
+CacheKey = TypeVar("CacheKey")
+CacheValue = TypeVar("CacheValue")
+
+
+class LRUCache(Generic[CacheKey, CacheValue], OrderedDict):  # type: ignore # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/6904
+    """
+    A dictionary-like container that stores a given maximum items.
+
+    If an additional item is added when the LRUCache is full, the least
+    recently used key is discarded to make room for the new item.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, cache_size: int) -> None:
+        self.cache_size = cache_size
+        super(LRUCache, self).__init__()
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: CacheKey, value: CacheValue) -> None:
+        """Store a new views, potentially discarding an old value."""
+        if key not in self:
+            if len(self) >= self.cache_size:
+                self.popitem(last=False)
+        OrderedDict.__setitem__(self, key, value)
+
+    def __getitem__(self: Dict[CacheKey, CacheValue], key: CacheKey) -> CacheValue:
+        """Gets the item, but also makes it most recent."""
+        value: CacheValue = OrderedDict.__getitem__(self, key)
+        OrderedDict.__delitem__(self, key)
+        OrderedDict.__setitem__(self, key, value)
+        return value
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_palettes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_palettes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c748d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_palettes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+from .palette import Palette
+
+
+# Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code (Windows 10 column)
+WINDOWS_PALETTE = Palette(
+    [
+        (12, 12, 12),
+        (197, 15, 31),
+        (19, 161, 14),
+        (193, 156, 0),
+        (0, 55, 218),
+        (136, 23, 152),
+        (58, 150, 221),
+        (204, 204, 204),
+        (118, 118, 118),
+        (231, 72, 86),
+        (22, 198, 12),
+        (249, 241, 165),
+        (59, 120, 255),
+        (180, 0, 158),
+        (97, 214, 214),
+        (242, 242, 242),
+    ]
+)
+
+# # The standard ansi colors (including bright variants)
+STANDARD_PALETTE = Palette(
+    [
+        (0, 0, 0),
+        (170, 0, 0),
+        (0, 170, 0),
+        (170, 85, 0),
+        (0, 0, 170),
+        (170, 0, 170),
+        (0, 170, 170),
+        (170, 170, 170),
+        (85, 85, 85),
+        (255, 85, 85),
+        (85, 255, 85),
+        (255, 255, 85),
+        (85, 85, 255),
+        (255, 85, 255),
+        (85, 255, 255),
+        (255, 255, 255),
+    ]
+)
+
+
+# The 256 color palette
+EIGHT_BIT_PALETTE = Palette(
+    [
+        (0, 0, 0),
+        (128, 0, 0),
+        (0, 128, 0),
+        (128, 128, 0),
+        (0, 0, 128),
+        (128, 0, 128),
+        (0, 128, 128),
+        (192, 192, 192),
+        (128, 128, 128),
+        (255, 0, 0),
+        (0, 255, 0),
+        (255, 255, 0),
+        (0, 0, 255),
+        (255, 0, 255),
+        (0, 255, 255),
+        (255, 255, 255),
+        (0, 0, 0),
+        (0, 0, 95),
+        (0, 0, 135),
+        (0, 0, 175),
+        (0, 0, 215),
+        (0, 0, 255),
+        (0, 95, 0),
+        (0, 95, 95),
+        (0, 95, 135),
+        (0, 95, 175),
+        (0, 95, 215),
+        (0, 95, 255),
+        (0, 135, 0),
+        (0, 135, 95),
+        (0, 135, 135),
+        (0, 135, 175),
+        (0, 135, 215),
+        (0, 135, 255),
+        (0, 175, 0),
+        (0, 175, 95),
+        (0, 175, 135),
+        (0, 175, 175),
+        (0, 175, 215),
+        (0, 175, 255),
+        (0, 215, 0),
+        (0, 215, 95),
+        (0, 215, 135),
+        (0, 215, 175),
+        (0, 215, 215),
+        (0, 215, 255),
+        (0, 255, 0),
+        (0, 255, 95),
+        (0, 255, 135),
+        (0, 255, 175),
+        (0, 255, 215),
+        (0, 255, 255),
+        (95, 0, 0),
+        (95, 0, 95),
+        (95, 0, 135),
+        (95, 0, 175),
+        (95, 0, 215),
+        (95, 0, 255),
+        (95, 95, 0),
+        (95, 95, 95),
+        (95, 95, 135),
+        (95, 95, 175),
+        (95, 95, 215),
+        (95, 95, 255),
+        (95, 135, 0),
+        (95, 135, 95),
+        (95, 135, 135),
+        (95, 135, 175),
+        (95, 135, 215),
+        (95, 135, 255),
+        (95, 175, 0),
+        (95, 175, 95),
+        (95, 175, 135),
+        (95, 175, 175),
+        (95, 175, 215),
+        (95, 175, 255),
+        (95, 215, 0),
+        (95, 215, 95),
+        (95, 215, 135),
+        (95, 215, 175),
+        (95, 215, 215),
+        (95, 215, 255),
+        (95, 255, 0),
+        (95, 255, 95),
+        (95, 255, 135),
+        (95, 255, 175),
+        (95, 255, 215),
+        (95, 255, 255),
+        (135, 0, 0),
+        (135, 0, 95),
+        (135, 0, 135),
+        (135, 0, 175),
+        (135, 0, 215),
+        (135, 0, 255),
+        (135, 95, 0),
+        (135, 95, 95),
+        (135, 95, 135),
+        (135, 95, 175),
+        (135, 95, 215),
+        (135, 95, 255),
+        (135, 135, 0),
+        (135, 135, 95),
+        (135, 135, 135),
+        (135, 135, 175),
+        (135, 135, 215),
+        (135, 135, 255),
+        (135, 175, 0),
+        (135, 175, 95),
+        (135, 175, 135),
+        (135, 175, 175),
+        (135, 175, 215),
+        (135, 175, 255),
+        (135, 215, 0),
+        (135, 215, 95),
+        (135, 215, 135),
+        (135, 215, 175),
+        (135, 215, 215),
+        (135, 215, 255),
+        (135, 255, 0),
+        (135, 255, 95),
+        (135, 255, 135),
+        (135, 255, 175),
+        (135, 255, 215),
+        (135, 255, 255),
+        (175, 0, 0),
+        (175, 0, 95),
+        (175, 0, 135),
+        (175, 0, 175),
+        (175, 0, 215),
+        (175, 0, 255),
+        (175, 95, 0),
+        (175, 95, 95),
+        (175, 95, 135),
+        (175, 95, 175),
+        (175, 95, 215),
+        (175, 95, 255),
+        (175, 135, 0),
+        (175, 135, 95),
+        (175, 135, 135),
+        (175, 135, 175),
+        (175, 135, 215),
+        (175, 135, 255),
+        (175, 175, 0),
+        (175, 175, 95),
+        (175, 175, 135),
+        (175, 175, 175),
+        (175, 175, 215),
+        (175, 175, 255),
+        (175, 215, 0),
+        (175, 215, 95),
+        (175, 215, 135),
+        (175, 215, 175),
+        (175, 215, 215),
+        (175, 215, 255),
+        (175, 255, 0),
+        (175, 255, 95),
+        (175, 255, 135),
+        (175, 255, 175),
+        (175, 255, 215),
+        (175, 255, 255),
+        (215, 0, 0),
+        (215, 0, 95),
+        (215, 0, 135),
+        (215, 0, 175),
+        (215, 0, 215),
+        (215, 0, 255),
+        (215, 95, 0),
+        (215, 95, 95),
+        (215, 95, 135),
+        (215, 95, 175),
+        (215, 95, 215),
+        (215, 95, 255),
+        (215, 135, 0),
+        (215, 135, 95),
+        (215, 135, 135),
+        (215, 135, 175),
+        (215, 135, 215),
+        (215, 135, 255),
+        (215, 175, 0),
+        (215, 175, 95),
+        (215, 175, 135),
+        (215, 175, 175),
+        (215, 175, 215),
+        (215, 175, 255),
+        (215, 215, 0),
+        (215, 215, 95),
+        (215, 215, 135),
+        (215, 215, 175),
+        (215, 215, 215),
+        (215, 215, 255),
+        (215, 255, 0),
+        (215, 255, 95),
+        (215, 255, 135),
+        (215, 255, 175),
+        (215, 255, 215),
+        (215, 255, 255),
+        (255, 0, 0),
+        (255, 0, 95),
+        (255, 0, 135),
+        (255, 0, 175),
+        (255, 0, 215),
+        (255, 0, 255),
+        (255, 95, 0),
+        (255, 95, 95),
+        (255, 95, 135),
+        (255, 95, 175),
+        (255, 95, 215),
+        (255, 95, 255),
+        (255, 135, 0),
+        (255, 135, 95),
+        (255, 135, 135),
+        (255, 135, 175),
+        (255, 135, 215),
+        (255, 135, 255),
+        (255, 175, 0),
+        (255, 175, 95),
+        (255, 175, 135),
+        (255, 175, 175),
+        (255, 175, 215),
+        (255, 175, 255),
+        (255, 215, 0),
+        (255, 215, 95),
+        (255, 215, 135),
+        (255, 215, 175),
+        (255, 215, 215),
+        (255, 215, 255),
+        (255, 255, 0),
+        (255, 255, 95),
+        (255, 255, 135),
+        (255, 255, 175),
+        (255, 255, 215),
+        (255, 255, 255),
+        (8, 8, 8),
+        (18, 18, 18),
+        (28, 28, 28),
+        (38, 38, 38),
+        (48, 48, 48),
+        (58, 58, 58),
+        (68, 68, 68),
+        (78, 78, 78),
+        (88, 88, 88),
+        (98, 98, 98),
+        (108, 108, 108),
+        (118, 118, 118),
+        (128, 128, 128),
+        (138, 138, 138),
+        (148, 148, 148),
+        (158, 158, 158),
+        (168, 168, 168),
+        (178, 178, 178),
+        (188, 188, 188),
+        (198, 198, 198),
+        (208, 208, 208),
+        (218, 218, 218),
+        (228, 228, 228),
+        (238, 238, 238),
+    ]
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_pick.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_pick.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f6d8b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_pick.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+
+def pick_bool(*values: Optional[bool]) -> bool:
+    """Pick the first non-none bool or return the last value.
+
+    Args:
+        *values (bool): Any number of boolean or None values.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: First non-none boolean.
+    """
+    assert values, "1 or more values required"
+    for value in values:
+        if value is not None:
+            return value
+    return bool(value)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_ratio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_ratio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8a3a67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_ratio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+import sys
+from fractions import Fraction
+from math import ceil
+from typing import cast, List, Optional, Sequence
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Protocol
+else:
+    from pip._vendor.typing_extensions import Protocol  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+class Edge(Protocol):
+    """Any object that defines an edge (such as Layout)."""
+
+    size: Optional[int] = None
+    ratio: int = 1
+    minimum_size: int = 1
+
+
+def ratio_resolve(total: int, edges: Sequence[Edge]) -> List[int]:
+    """Divide total space to satisfy size, ratio, and minimum_size, constraints.
+
+    The returned list of integers should add up to total in most cases, unless it is
+    impossible to satisfy all the constraints. For instance, if there are two edges
+    with a minimum size of 20 each and `total` is 30 then the returned list will be
+    greater than total. In practice, this would mean that a Layout object would
+    clip the rows that would overflow the screen height.
+
+    Args:
+        total (int): Total number of characters.
+        edges (List[Edge]): Edges within total space.
+
+    Returns:
+        List[int]: Number of characters for each edge.
+    """
+    # Size of edge or None for yet to be determined
+    sizes = [(edge.size or None) for edge in edges]
+
+    _Fraction = Fraction
+
+    # While any edges haven't been calculated
+    while None in sizes:
+        # Get flexible edges and index to map these back on to sizes list
+        flexible_edges = [
+            (index, edge)
+            for index, (size, edge) in enumerate(zip(sizes, edges))
+            if size is None
+        ]
+        # Remaining space in total
+        remaining = total - sum(size or 0 for size in sizes)
+        if remaining <= 0:
+            # No room for flexible edges
+            return [
+                ((edge.minimum_size or 1) if size is None else size)
+                for size, edge in zip(sizes, edges)
+            ]
+        # Calculate number of characters in a ratio portion
+        portion = _Fraction(
+            remaining, sum((edge.ratio or 1) for _, edge in flexible_edges)
+        )
+
+        # If any edges will be less than their minimum, replace size with the minimum
+        for index, edge in flexible_edges:
+            if portion * edge.ratio <= edge.minimum_size:
+                sizes[index] = edge.minimum_size
+                # New fixed size will invalidate calculations, so we need to repeat the process
+                break
+        else:
+            # Distribute flexible space and compensate for rounding error
+            # Since edge sizes can only be integers we need to add the remainder
+            # to the following line
+            remainder = _Fraction(0)
+            for index, edge in flexible_edges:
+                size, remainder = divmod(portion * edge.ratio + remainder, 1)
+                sizes[index] = size
+            break
+    # Sizes now contains integers only
+    return cast(List[int], sizes)
+
+
+def ratio_reduce(
+    total: int, ratios: List[int], maximums: List[int], values: List[int]
+) -> List[int]:
+    """Divide an integer total in to parts based on ratios.
+
+    Args:
+        total (int): The total to divide.
+        ratios (List[int]): A list of integer ratios.
+        maximums (List[int]): List of maximums values for each slot.
+        values (List[int]): List of values
+
+    Returns:
+        List[int]: A list of integers guaranteed to sum to total.
+    """
+    ratios = [ratio if _max else 0 for ratio, _max in zip(ratios, maximums)]
+    total_ratio = sum(ratios)
+    if not total_ratio:
+        return values[:]
+    total_remaining = total
+    result: List[int] = []
+    append = result.append
+    for ratio, maximum, value in zip(ratios, maximums, values):
+        if ratio and total_ratio > 0:
+            distributed = min(maximum, round(ratio * total_remaining / total_ratio))
+            append(value - distributed)
+            total_remaining -= distributed
+            total_ratio -= ratio
+        else:
+            append(value)
+    return result
+
+
+def ratio_distribute(
+    total: int, ratios: List[int], minimums: Optional[List[int]] = None
+) -> List[int]:
+    """Distribute an integer total in to parts based on ratios.
+
+    Args:
+        total (int): The total to divide.
+        ratios (List[int]): A list of integer ratios.
+        minimums (List[int]): List of minimum values for each slot.
+
+    Returns:
+        List[int]: A list of integers guaranteed to sum to total.
+    """
+    if minimums:
+        ratios = [ratio if _min else 0 for ratio, _min in zip(ratios, minimums)]
+    total_ratio = sum(ratios)
+    assert total_ratio > 0, "Sum of ratios must be > 0"
+
+    total_remaining = total
+    distributed_total: List[int] = []
+    append = distributed_total.append
+    if minimums is None:
+        _minimums = [0] * len(ratios)
+    else:
+        _minimums = minimums
+    for ratio, minimum in zip(ratios, _minimums):
+        if total_ratio > 0:
+            distributed = max(minimum, ceil(ratio * total_remaining / total_ratio))
+        else:
+            distributed = total_remaining
+        append(distributed)
+        total_ratio -= ratio
+        total_remaining -= distributed
+    return distributed_total
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+    @dataclass
+    class E:
+
+        size: Optional[int] = None
+        ratio: int = 1
+        minimum_size: int = 1
+
+    resolved = ratio_resolve(110, [E(None, 1, 1), E(None, 1, 1), E(None, 1, 1)])
+    print(sum(resolved))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_spinners.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_spinners.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc1db07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_spinners.py
@@ -0,0 +1,848 @@
+"""
+Spinners are from:
+* cli-spinners:
+    MIT License
+    Copyright (c) Sindre Sorhus <sindresorhus@gmail.com> (sindresorhus.com)
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+    of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+    in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+    use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+    the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+    subject to the following conditions:
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+    in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
+    INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+    PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE
+    FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+    ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
+    IN THE SOFTWARE.
+"""
+
+SPINNERS = {
+    "dots": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": ["⠋", "⠙", "⠹", "⠸", "⠼", "⠴", "⠦", "⠧", "⠇", "⠏"],
+    },
+    "dots2": {"interval": 80, "frames": ["⣾", "⣽", "⣻", "⢿", "⡿", "⣟", "⣯", "⣷"]},
+    "dots3": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": ["⠋", "⠙", "⠚", "⠞", "⠖", "⠦", "⠴", "⠲", "⠳", "⠓"],
+    },
+    "dots4": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "⠄",
+            "⠆",
+            "⠇",
+            "⠋",
+            "⠙",
+            "⠸",
+            "⠰",
+            "⠠",
+            "⠰",
+            "⠸",
+            "⠙",
+            "⠋",
+            "⠇",
+            "⠆",
+        ],
+    },
+    "dots5": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "⠋",
+            "⠙",
+            "⠚",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠂",
+            "⠂",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠲",
+            "⠴",
+            "⠦",
+            "⠖",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠐",
+            "⠐",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠓",
+            "⠋",
+        ],
+    },
+    "dots6": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "⠁",
+            "⠉",
+            "⠙",
+            "⠚",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠂",
+            "⠂",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠲",
+            "⠴",
+            "⠤",
+            "⠄",
+            "⠄",
+            "⠤",
+            "⠴",
+            "⠲",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠂",
+            "⠂",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠚",
+            "⠙",
+            "⠉",
+            "⠁",
+        ],
+    },
+    "dots7": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "⠈",
+            "⠉",
+            "⠋",
+            "⠓",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠐",
+            "⠐",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠖",
+            "⠦",
+            "⠤",
+            "⠠",
+            "⠠",
+            "⠤",
+            "⠦",
+            "⠖",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠐",
+            "⠐",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠓",
+            "⠋",
+            "⠉",
+            "⠈",
+        ],
+    },
+    "dots8": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "⠁",
+            "⠁",
+            "⠉",
+            "⠙",
+            "⠚",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠂",
+            "⠂",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠲",
+            "⠴",
+            "⠤",
+            "⠄",
+            "⠄",
+            "⠤",
+            "⠠",
+            "⠠",
+            "⠤",
+            "⠦",
+            "⠖",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠐",
+            "⠐",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠓",
+            "⠋",
+            "⠉",
+            "⠈",
+            "⠈",
+        ],
+    },
+    "dots9": {"interval": 80, "frames": ["⢹", "⢺", "⢼", "⣸", "⣇", "⡧", "⡗", "⡏"]},
+    "dots10": {"interval": 80, "frames": ["⢄", "⢂", "⢁", "⡁", "⡈", "⡐", "⡠"]},
+    "dots11": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["⠁", "⠂", "⠄", "⡀", "⢀", "⠠", "⠐", "⠈"]},
+    "dots12": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "⢀⠀",
+            "⡀⠀",
+            "⠄⠀",
+            "⢂⠀",
+            "⡂⠀",
+            "⠅⠀",
+            "⢃⠀",
+            "⡃⠀",
+            "⠍⠀",
+            "⢋⠀",
+            "⡋⠀",
+            "⠍⠁",
+            "⢋⠁",
+            "⡋⠁",
+            "⠍⠉",
+            "⠋⠉",
+            "⠋⠉",
+            "⠉⠙",
+            "⠉⠙",
+            "⠉⠩",
+            "⠈⢙",
+            "⠈⡙",
+            "⢈⠩",
+            "⡀⢙",
+            "⠄⡙",
+            "⢂⠩",
+            "⡂⢘",
+            "⠅⡘",
+            "⢃⠨",
+            "⡃⢐",
+            "⠍⡐",
+            "⢋⠠",
+            "⡋⢀",
+            "⠍⡁",
+            "⢋⠁",
+            "⡋⠁",
+            "⠍⠉",
+            "⠋⠉",
+            "⠋⠉",
+            "⠉⠙",
+            "⠉⠙",
+            "⠉⠩",
+            "⠈⢙",
+            "⠈⡙",
+            "⠈⠩",
+            "⠀⢙",
+            "⠀⡙",
+            "⠀⠩",
+            "⠀⢘",
+            "⠀⡘",
+            "⠀⠨",
+            "⠀⢐",
+            "⠀⡐",
+            "⠀⠠",
+            "⠀⢀",
+            "⠀⡀",
+        ],
+    },
+    "dots8Bit": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "⠀",
+            "⠁",
+            "⠂",
+            "⠃",
+            "⠄",
+            "⠅",
+            "⠆",
+            "⠇",
+            "⡀",
+            "⡁",
+            "⡂",
+            "⡃",
+            "⡄",
+            "⡅",
+            "⡆",
+            "⡇",
+            "⠈",
+            "⠉",
+            "⠊",
+            "⠋",
+            "⠌",
+            "⠍",
+            "⠎",
+            "⠏",
+            "⡈",
+            "⡉",
+            "⡊",
+            "⡋",
+            "⡌",
+            "⡍",
+            "⡎",
+            "⡏",
+            "⠐",
+            "⠑",
+            "⠒",
+            "⠓",
+            "⠔",
+            "⠕",
+            "⠖",
+            "⠗",
+            "⡐",
+            "⡑",
+            "⡒",
+            "⡓",
+            "⡔",
+            "⡕",
+            "⡖",
+            "⡗",
+            "⠘",
+            "⠙",
+            "⠚",
+            "⠛",
+            "⠜",
+            "⠝",
+            "⠞",
+            "⠟",
+            "⡘",
+            "⡙",
+            "⡚",
+            "⡛",
+            "⡜",
+            "⡝",
+            "⡞",
+            "⡟",
+            "⠠",
+            "⠡",
+            "⠢",
+            "⠣",
+            "⠤",
+            "⠥",
+            "⠦",
+            "⠧",
+            "⡠",
+            "⡡",
+            "⡢",
+            "⡣",
+            "⡤",
+            "⡥",
+            "⡦",
+            "⡧",
+            "⠨",
+            "⠩",
+            "⠪",
+            "⠫",
+            "⠬",
+            "⠭",
+            "⠮",
+            "⠯",
+            "⡨",
+            "⡩",
+            "⡪",
+            "⡫",
+            "⡬",
+            "⡭",
+            "⡮",
+            "⡯",
+            "⠰",
+            "⠱",
+            "⠲",
+            "⠳",
+            "⠴",
+            "⠵",
+            "⠶",
+            "⠷",
+            "⡰",
+            "⡱",
+            "⡲",
+            "⡳",
+            "⡴",
+            "⡵",
+            "⡶",
+            "⡷",
+            "⠸",
+            "⠹",
+            "⠺",
+            "⠻",
+            "⠼",
+            "⠽",
+            "⠾",
+            "⠿",
+            "⡸",
+            "⡹",
+            "⡺",
+            "⡻",
+            "⡼",
+            "⡽",
+            "⡾",
+            "⡿",
+            "⢀",
+            "⢁",
+            "⢂",
+            "⢃",
+            "⢄",
+            "⢅",
+            "⢆",
+            "⢇",
+            "⣀",
+            "⣁",
+            "⣂",
+            "⣃",
+            "⣄",
+            "⣅",
+            "⣆",
+            "⣇",
+            "⢈",
+            "⢉",
+            "⢊",
+            "⢋",
+            "⢌",
+            "⢍",
+            "⢎",
+            "⢏",
+            "⣈",
+            "⣉",
+            "⣊",
+            "⣋",
+            "⣌",
+            "⣍",
+            "⣎",
+            "⣏",
+            "⢐",
+            "⢑",
+            "⢒",
+            "⢓",
+            "⢔",
+            "⢕",
+            "⢖",
+            "⢗",
+            "⣐",
+            "⣑",
+            "⣒",
+            "⣓",
+            "⣔",
+            "⣕",
+            "⣖",
+            "⣗",
+            "⢘",
+            "⢙",
+            "⢚",
+            "⢛",
+            "⢜",
+            "⢝",
+            "⢞",
+            "⢟",
+            "⣘",
+            "⣙",
+            "⣚",
+            "⣛",
+            "⣜",
+            "⣝",
+            "⣞",
+            "⣟",
+            "⢠",
+            "⢡",
+            "⢢",
+            "⢣",
+            "⢤",
+            "⢥",
+            "⢦",
+            "⢧",
+            "⣠",
+            "⣡",
+            "⣢",
+            "⣣",
+            "⣤",
+            "⣥",
+            "⣦",
+            "⣧",
+            "⢨",
+            "⢩",
+            "⢪",
+            "⢫",
+            "⢬",
+            "⢭",
+            "⢮",
+            "⢯",
+            "⣨",
+            "⣩",
+            "⣪",
+            "⣫",
+            "⣬",
+            "⣭",
+            "⣮",
+            "⣯",
+            "⢰",
+            "⢱",
+            "⢲",
+            "⢳",
+            "⢴",
+            "⢵",
+            "⢶",
+            "⢷",
+            "⣰",
+            "⣱",
+            "⣲",
+            "⣳",
+            "⣴",
+            "⣵",
+            "⣶",
+            "⣷",
+            "⢸",
+            "⢹",
+            "⢺",
+            "⢻",
+            "⢼",
+            "⢽",
+            "⢾",
+            "⢿",
+            "⣸",
+            "⣹",
+            "⣺",
+            "⣻",
+            "⣼",
+            "⣽",
+            "⣾",
+            "⣿",
+        ],
+    },
+    "line": {"interval": 130, "frames": ["-", "\\", "|", "/"]},
+    "line2": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["⠂", "-", "–", "—", "–", "-"]},
+    "pipe": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["┤", "┘", "┴", "└", "├", "┌", "┬", "┐"]},
+    "simpleDots": {"interval": 400, "frames": [".  ", ".. ", "...", "   "]},
+    "simpleDotsScrolling": {
+        "interval": 200,
+        "frames": [".  ", ".. ", "...", " ..", "  .", "   "],
+    },
+    "star": {"interval": 70, "frames": ["✶", "✸", "✹", "✺", "✹", "✷"]},
+    "star2": {"interval": 80, "frames": ["+", "x", "*"]},
+    "flip": {
+        "interval": 70,
+        "frames": ["_", "_", "_", "-", "`", "`", "'", "´", "-", "_", "_", "_"],
+    },
+    "hamburger": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["☱", "☲", "☴"]},
+    "growVertical": {
+        "interval": 120,
+        "frames": ["▁", "▃", "▄", "▅", "▆", "▇", "▆", "▅", "▄", "▃"],
+    },
+    "growHorizontal": {
+        "interval": 120,
+        "frames": ["▏", "▎", "▍", "▌", "▋", "▊", "▉", "▊", "▋", "▌", "▍", "▎"],
+    },
+    "balloon": {"interval": 140, "frames": [" ", ".", "o", "O", "@", "*", " "]},
+    "balloon2": {"interval": 120, "frames": [".", "o", "O", "°", "O", "o", "."]},
+    "noise": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["▓", "▒", "░"]},
+    "bounce": {"interval": 120, "frames": ["⠁", "⠂", "⠄", "⠂"]},
+    "boxBounce": {"interval": 120, "frames": ["▖", "▘", "▝", "▗"]},
+    "boxBounce2": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["▌", "▀", "▐", "▄"]},
+    "triangle": {"interval": 50, "frames": ["◢", "◣", "◤", "◥"]},
+    "arc": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["◜", "◠", "◝", "◞", "◡", "◟"]},
+    "circle": {"interval": 120, "frames": ["◡", "⊙", "◠"]},
+    "squareCorners": {"interval": 180, "frames": ["◰", "◳", "◲", "◱"]},
+    "circleQuarters": {"interval": 120, "frames": ["◴", "◷", "◶", "◵"]},
+    "circleHalves": {"interval": 50, "frames": ["◐", "◓", "◑", "◒"]},
+    "squish": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["╫", "╪"]},
+    "toggle": {"interval": 250, "frames": ["⊶", "⊷"]},
+    "toggle2": {"interval": 80, "frames": ["▫", "▪"]},
+    "toggle3": {"interval": 120, "frames": ["□", "■"]},
+    "toggle4": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["■", "□", "▪", "▫"]},
+    "toggle5": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["▮", "▯"]},
+    "toggle6": {"interval": 300, "frames": ["ဝ", "၀"]},
+    "toggle7": {"interval": 80, "frames": ["⦾", "⦿"]},
+    "toggle8": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["◍", "◌"]},
+    "toggle9": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["◉", "◎"]},
+    "toggle10": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["㊂", "㊀", "㊁"]},
+    "toggle11": {"interval": 50, "frames": ["⧇", "⧆"]},
+    "toggle12": {"interval": 120, "frames": ["☗", "☖"]},
+    "toggle13": {"interval": 80, "frames": ["=", "*", "-"]},
+    "arrow": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["←", "↖", "↑", "↗", "→", "↘", "↓", "↙"]},
+    "arrow2": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": ["⬆️ ", "↗️ ", "➡️ ", "↘️ ", "⬇️ ", "↙️ ", "⬅️ ", "↖️ "],
+    },
+    "arrow3": {
+        "interval": 120,
+        "frames": ["▹▹▹▹▹", "▸▹▹▹▹", "▹▸▹▹▹", "▹▹▸▹▹", "▹▹▹▸▹", "▹▹▹▹▸"],
+    },
+    "bouncingBar": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "[    ]",
+            "[=   ]",
+            "[==  ]",
+            "[=== ]",
+            "[ ===]",
+            "[  ==]",
+            "[   =]",
+            "[    ]",
+            "[   =]",
+            "[  ==]",
+            "[ ===]",
+            "[====]",
+            "[=== ]",
+            "[==  ]",
+            "[=   ]",
+        ],
+    },
+    "bouncingBall": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "( ●    )",
+            "(  ●   )",
+            "(   ●  )",
+            "(    ● )",
+            "(     ●)",
+            "(    ● )",
+            "(   ●  )",
+            "(  ●   )",
+            "( ●    )",
+            "(●     )",
+        ],
+    },
+    "smiley": {"interval": 200, "frames": ["😄 ", "😝 "]},
+    "monkey": {"interval": 300, "frames": ["🙈 ", "🙈 ", "🙉 ", "🙊 "]},
+    "hearts": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["💛 ", "💙 ", "💜 ", "💚 ", "❤️ "]},
+    "clock": {
+        "interval": 100,
+        "frames": [
+            "🕛 ",
+            "🕐 ",
+            "🕑 ",
+            "🕒 ",
+            "🕓 ",
+            "🕔 ",
+            "🕕 ",
+            "🕖 ",
+            "🕗 ",
+            "🕘 ",
+            "🕙 ",
+            "🕚 ",
+        ],
+    },
+    "earth": {"interval": 180, "frames": ["🌍 ", "🌎 ", "🌏 "]},
+    "material": {
+        "interval": 17,
+        "frames": [
+            "█▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "██▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "███▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "██████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "██████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "███████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "█████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "█████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "██████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "███████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "█████████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "██████████████▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "██████████████▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁██████████████▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁██████████████▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁██████████████▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁██████████████▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁██████████████▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁█████████████▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁██████████████▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁██████████████▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁██████████████▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁██████████████▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁██████████████▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁██████████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁██████████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁████████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁████████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁██████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁██████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁████████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁██████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████",
+            "█▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁████",
+            "██▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███",
+            "██▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███",
+            "███▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███",
+            "████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁██",
+            "█████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█",
+            "█████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█",
+            "██████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█",
+            "████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "█████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "█████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "█████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "█████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "███████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "████████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "████████████▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "██████████████▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "██████████████▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁██████████████▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁██████████████▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁█████████████▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁████████████▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁████████████▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁███████████▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████████▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████████▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████████▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████████▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████████▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁████████▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁████████▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███████▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███████▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁████",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁███",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁██",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁██",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁██",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁█",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+            "▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁",
+        ],
+    },
+    "moon": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": ["🌑 ", "🌒 ", "🌓 ", "🌔 ", "🌕 ", "🌖 ", "🌗 ", "🌘 "],
+    },
+    "runner": {"interval": 140, "frames": ["🚶 ", "🏃 "]},
+    "pong": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "▐⠂       ▌",
+            "▐⠈       ▌",
+            "▐ ⠂      ▌",
+            "▐ ⠠      ▌",
+            "▐  ⡀     ▌",
+            "▐  ⠠     ▌",
+            "▐   ⠂    ▌",
+            "▐   ⠈    ▌",
+            "▐    ⠂   ▌",
+            "▐    ⠠   ▌",
+            "▐     ⡀  ▌",
+            "▐     ⠠  ▌",
+            "▐      ⠂ ▌",
+            "▐      ⠈ ▌",
+            "▐       ⠂▌",
+            "▐       ⠠▌",
+            "▐       ⡀▌",
+            "▐      ⠠ ▌",
+            "▐      ⠂ ▌",
+            "▐     ⠈  ▌",
+            "▐     ⠂  ▌",
+            "▐    ⠠   ▌",
+            "▐    ⡀   ▌",
+            "▐   ⠠    ▌",
+            "▐   ⠂    ▌",
+            "▐  ⠈     ▌",
+            "▐  ⠂     ▌",
+            "▐ ⠠      ▌",
+            "▐ ⡀      ▌",
+            "▐⠠       ▌",
+        ],
+    },
+    "shark": {
+        "interval": 120,
+        "frames": [
+            "▐|\\____________▌",
+            "▐_|\\___________▌",
+            "▐__|\\__________▌",
+            "▐___|\\_________▌",
+            "▐____|\\________▌",
+            "▐_____|\\_______▌",
+            "▐______|\\______▌",
+            "▐_______|\\_____▌",
+            "▐________|\\____▌",
+            "▐_________|\\___▌",
+            "▐__________|\\__▌",
+            "▐___________|\\_▌",
+            "▐____________|\\▌",
+            "▐____________/|▌",
+            "▐___________/|_▌",
+            "▐__________/|__▌",
+            "▐_________/|___▌",
+            "▐________/|____▌",
+            "▐_______/|_____▌",
+            "▐______/|______▌",
+            "▐_____/|_______▌",
+            "▐____/|________▌",
+            "▐___/|_________▌",
+            "▐__/|__________▌",
+            "▐_/|___________▌",
+            "▐/|____________▌",
+        ],
+    },
+    "dqpb": {"interval": 100, "frames": ["d", "q", "p", "b"]},
+    "weather": {
+        "interval": 100,
+        "frames": [
+            "☀️ ",
+            "☀️ ",
+            "☀️ ",
+            "🌤 ",
+            "⛅️ ",
+            "🌥 ",
+            "☁️ ",
+            "🌧 ",
+            "🌨 ",
+            "🌧 ",
+            "🌨 ",
+            "🌧 ",
+            "🌨 ",
+            "⛈ ",
+            "🌨 ",
+            "🌧 ",
+            "🌨 ",
+            "☁️ ",
+            "🌥 ",
+            "⛅️ ",
+            "🌤 ",
+            "☀️ ",
+            "☀️ ",
+        ],
+    },
+    "christmas": {"interval": 400, "frames": ["🌲", "🎄"]},
+    "grenade": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "،   ",
+            "′   ",
+            " ´ ",
+            " ‾ ",
+            "  ⸌",
+            "  ⸊",
+            "  |",
+            "  ⁎",
+            "  ⁕",
+            " ෴ ",
+            "  ⁓",
+            "   ",
+            "   ",
+            "   ",
+        ],
+    },
+    "point": {"interval": 125, "frames": ["∙∙∙", "●∙∙", "∙●∙", "∙∙●", "∙∙∙"]},
+    "layer": {"interval": 150, "frames": ["-", "=", "≡"]},
+    "betaWave": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "ρββββββ",
+            "βρβββββ",
+            "ββρββββ",
+            "βββρβββ",
+            "ββββρββ",
+            "βββββρβ",
+            "ββββββρ",
+        ],
+    },
+    "aesthetic": {
+        "interval": 80,
+        "frames": [
+            "▰▱▱▱▱▱▱",
+            "▰▰▱▱▱▱▱",
+            "▰▰▰▱▱▱▱",
+            "▰▰▰▰▱▱▱",
+            "▰▰▰▰▰▱▱",
+            "▰▰▰▰▰▰▱",
+            "▰▰▰▰▰▰▰",
+            "▰▱▱▱▱▱▱",
+        ],
+    },
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_stack.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_stack.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..194564e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_stack.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from typing import List, TypeVar
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+class Stack(List[T]):
+    """A small shim over builtin list."""
+
+    @property
+    def top(self) -> T:
+        """Get top of stack."""
+        return self[-1]
+
+    def push(self, item: T) -> None:
+        """Push an item on to the stack (append in stack nomenclature)."""
+        self.append(item)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_timer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_timer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2ca6be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_timer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+"""
+Timer context manager, only used in debug.
+
+"""
+
+from time import time
+
+import contextlib
+from typing import Generator
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def timer(subject: str = "time") -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+    """print the elapsed time. (only used in debugging)"""
+    start = time()
+    yield
+    elapsed = time() - start
+    elapsed_ms = elapsed * 1000
+    print(f"{subject} elapsed {elapsed_ms:.1f}ms")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_windows.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_windows.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca3a680
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_windows.py
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import sys
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass
+class WindowsConsoleFeatures:
+    """Windows features available."""
+
+    vt: bool = False
+    """The console supports VT codes."""
+    truecolor: bool = False
+    """The console supports truecolor."""
+
+
+try:
+    import ctypes
+    from ctypes import LibraryLoader, wintypes
+
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        windll = LibraryLoader(ctypes.WinDLL)
+    else:
+        windll = None
+        raise ImportError("Not windows")
+except (AttributeError, ImportError, ValueError):
+
+    # Fallback if we can't load the Windows DLL
+    def get_windows_console_features() -> WindowsConsoleFeatures:
+        features = WindowsConsoleFeatures()
+        return features
+
+else:
+
+    STDOUT = -11
+    ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING = 4
+    _GetConsoleMode = windll.kernel32.GetConsoleMode
+    _GetConsoleMode.argtypes = [wintypes.HANDLE, wintypes.LPDWORD]
+    _GetConsoleMode.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _GetStdHandle = windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle
+    _GetStdHandle.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.DWORD,
+    ]
+    _GetStdHandle.restype = wintypes.HANDLE
+
+    def get_windows_console_features() -> WindowsConsoleFeatures:
+        """Get windows console features.
+
+        Returns:
+            WindowsConsoleFeatures: An instance of WindowsConsoleFeatures.
+        """
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(STDOUT)
+        console_mode = wintypes.DWORD()
+        result = _GetConsoleMode(handle, console_mode)
+        vt = bool(result and console_mode.value & ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING)
+        truecolor = False
+        if vt:
+            win_version = sys.getwindowsversion()
+            truecolor = win_version.major > 10 or (
+                win_version.major == 10 and win_version.build >= 15063
+            )
+        features = WindowsConsoleFeatures(vt=vt, truecolor=truecolor)
+        return features
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import platform
+
+    features = get_windows_console_features()
+    from pip._vendor.rich import print
+
+    print(f'platform="{platform.system()}"')
+    print(repr(features))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_wrap.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_wrap.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b537757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/_wrap.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import re
+from typing import Iterable, List, Tuple
+
+from .cells import cell_len, chop_cells
+from ._loop import loop_last
+
+re_word = re.compile(r"\s*\S+\s*")
+
+
+def words(text: str) -> Iterable[Tuple[int, int, str]]:
+    position = 0
+    word_match = re_word.match(text, position)
+    while word_match is not None:
+        start, end = word_match.span()
+        word = word_match.group(0)
+        yield start, end, word
+        word_match = re_word.match(text, end)
+
+
+def divide_line(text: str, width: int, fold: bool = True) -> List[int]:
+    divides: List[int] = []
+    append = divides.append
+    line_position = 0
+    _cell_len = cell_len
+    for start, _end, word in words(text):
+        word_length = _cell_len(word.rstrip())
+        if line_position + word_length > width:
+            if word_length > width:
+                if fold:
+                    for last, line in loop_last(
+                        chop_cells(word, width, position=line_position)
+                    ):
+                        if last:
+                            line_position = _cell_len(line)
+                        else:
+                            start += len(line)
+                            append(start)
+                else:
+                    if start:
+                        append(start)
+                    line_position = _cell_len(word)
+            elif line_position and start:
+                append(start)
+                line_position = _cell_len(word)
+        else:
+            line_position += _cell_len(word)
+    return divides
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from .console import Console
+
+    console = Console(width=10)
+    console.print("12345 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwyxzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 12345")
+    print(chop_cells("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", 10, position=2))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/abc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/abc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6e498e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/abc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+from abc import ABC
+
+
+class RichRenderable(ABC):
+    """An abstract base class for Rich renderables.
+
+    Note that there is no need to extend this class, the intended use is to check if an
+    object supports the Rich renderable protocol. For example::
+
+        if isinstance(my_object, RichRenderable):
+            console.print(my_object)
+
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __subclasshook__(cls, other: type) -> bool:
+        """Check if this class supports the rich render protocol."""
+        return hasattr(other, "__rich_console__") or hasattr(other, "__rich__")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich.text import Text
+
+    t = Text()
+    print(isinstance(Text, RichRenderable))
+    print(isinstance(t, RichRenderable))
+
+    class Foo:
+        pass
+
+    f = Foo()
+    print(isinstance(f, RichRenderable))
+    print(isinstance("", RichRenderable))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/align.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/align.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4344ae1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/align.py
@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+import sys
+from itertools import chain
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Iterable, Optional
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Literal
+else:
+    from pip._vendor.typing_extensions import Literal  # pragma: no cover
+
+from .constrain import Constrain
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import StyleType
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderableType, RenderResult
+
+AlignMethod = Literal["left", "center", "right"]
+VerticalAlignMethod = Literal["top", "middle", "bottom"]
+AlignValues = AlignMethod  # TODO: deprecate AlignValues
+
+
+class Align(JupyterMixin):
+    """Align a renderable by adding spaces if necessary.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType): A console renderable.
+        align (AlignMethod): One of "left", "center", or "right""
+        style (StyleType, optional): An optional style to apply to the background.
+        vertical (Optional[VerticalAlginMethod], optional): Optional vertical align, one of "top", "middle", or "bottom". Defaults to None.
+        pad (bool, optional): Pad the right with spaces. Defaults to True.
+        width (int, optional): Restrict contents to given width, or None to use default width. Defaults to None.
+        height (int, optional): Set height of align renderable, or None to fit to contents. Defaults to None.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: if ``align`` is not one of the expected values.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        renderable: "RenderableType",
+        align: AlignMethod = "left",
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        *,
+        vertical: Optional[VerticalAlignMethod] = None,
+        pad: bool = True,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        height: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if align not in ("left", "center", "right"):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f'invalid value for align, expected "left", "center", or "right" (not {align!r})'
+            )
+        if vertical is not None and vertical not in ("top", "middle", "bottom"):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f'invalid value for vertical, expected "top", "middle", or "bottom" (not {vertical!r})'
+            )
+        self.renderable = renderable
+        self.align = align
+        self.style = style
+        self.vertical = vertical
+        self.pad = pad
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Align({self.renderable!r}, {self.align!r})"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def left(
+        cls,
+        renderable: "RenderableType",
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        *,
+        vertical: Optional[VerticalAlignMethod] = None,
+        pad: bool = True,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        height: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> "Align":
+        """Align a renderable to the left."""
+        return cls(
+            renderable,
+            "left",
+            style=style,
+            vertical=vertical,
+            pad=pad,
+            width=width,
+            height=height,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def center(
+        cls,
+        renderable: "RenderableType",
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        *,
+        vertical: Optional[VerticalAlignMethod] = None,
+        pad: bool = True,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        height: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> "Align":
+        """Align a renderable to the center."""
+        return cls(
+            renderable,
+            "center",
+            style=style,
+            vertical=vertical,
+            pad=pad,
+            width=width,
+            height=height,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def right(
+        cls,
+        renderable: "RenderableType",
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        *,
+        vertical: Optional[VerticalAlignMethod] = None,
+        pad: bool = True,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        height: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> "Align":
+        """Align a renderable to the right."""
+        return cls(
+            renderable,
+            "right",
+            style=style,
+            vertical=vertical,
+            pad=pad,
+            width=width,
+            height=height,
+        )
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        align = self.align
+        width = console.measure(self.renderable, options=options).maximum
+        rendered = console.render(
+            Constrain(
+                self.renderable, width if self.width is None else min(width, self.width)
+            ),
+            options.update(height=None),
+        )
+        lines = list(Segment.split_lines(rendered))
+        width, height = Segment.get_shape(lines)
+        lines = Segment.set_shape(lines, width, height)
+        new_line = Segment.line()
+        excess_space = options.max_width - width
+        style = console.get_style(self.style) if self.style is not None else None
+
+        def generate_segments() -> Iterable[Segment]:
+            if excess_space <= 0:
+                # Exact fit
+                for line in lines:
+                    yield from line
+                    yield new_line
+
+            elif align == "left":
+                # Pad on the right
+                pad = Segment(" " * excess_space, style) if self.pad else None
+                for line in lines:
+                    yield from line
+                    if pad:
+                        yield pad
+                    yield new_line
+
+            elif align == "center":
+                # Pad left and right
+                left = excess_space // 2
+                pad = Segment(" " * left, style)
+                pad_right = (
+                    Segment(" " * (excess_space - left), style) if self.pad else None
+                )
+                for line in lines:
+                    if left:
+                        yield pad
+                    yield from line
+                    if pad_right:
+                        yield pad_right
+                    yield new_line
+
+            elif align == "right":
+                # Padding on left
+                pad = Segment(" " * excess_space, style)
+                for line in lines:
+                    yield pad
+                    yield from line
+                    yield new_line
+
+        blank_line = (
+            Segment(f"{' ' * (self.width or options.max_width)}\n", style)
+            if self.pad
+            else Segment("\n")
+        )
+
+        def blank_lines(count: int) -> Iterable[Segment]:
+            if count > 0:
+                for _ in range(count):
+                    yield blank_line
+
+        vertical_height = self.height or options.height
+        iter_segments: Iterable[Segment]
+        if self.vertical and vertical_height is not None:
+            if self.vertical == "top":
+                bottom_space = vertical_height - height
+                iter_segments = chain(generate_segments(), blank_lines(bottom_space))
+            elif self.vertical == "middle":
+                top_space = (vertical_height - height) // 2
+                bottom_space = vertical_height - top_space - height
+                iter_segments = chain(
+                    blank_lines(top_space),
+                    generate_segments(),
+                    blank_lines(bottom_space),
+                )
+            else:  #  self.vertical == "bottom":
+                top_space = vertical_height - height
+                iter_segments = chain(blank_lines(top_space), generate_segments())
+        else:
+            iter_segments = generate_segments()
+        if self.style:
+            style = console.get_style(self.style)
+            iter_segments = Segment.apply_style(iter_segments, style)
+        yield from iter_segments
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        measurement = Measurement.get(console, options, self.renderable)
+        return measurement
+
+
+class VerticalCenter(JupyterMixin):
+    """Vertically aligns a renderable.
+
+    Warn:
+        This class is deprecated and may be removed in a future version. Use Align class with
+        `vertical="middle"`.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType): A renderable object.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        renderable: "RenderableType",
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.renderable = renderable
+        self.style = style
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"VerticalCenter({self.renderable!r})"
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        style = console.get_style(self.style) if self.style is not None else None
+        lines = console.render_lines(
+            self.renderable, options.update(height=None), pad=False
+        )
+        width, _height = Segment.get_shape(lines)
+        new_line = Segment.line()
+        height = options.height or options.size.height
+        top_space = (height - len(lines)) // 2
+        bottom_space = height - top_space - len(lines)
+        blank_line = Segment(f"{' ' * width}", style)
+
+        def blank_lines(count: int) -> Iterable[Segment]:
+            for _ in range(count):
+                yield blank_line
+                yield new_line
+
+        if top_space > 0:
+            yield from blank_lines(top_space)
+        for line in lines:
+            yield from line
+            yield new_line
+        if bottom_space > 0:
+            yield from blank_lines(bottom_space)
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        measurement = Measurement.get(console, options, self.renderable)
+        return measurement
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console, Group
+    from pip._vendor.rich.highlighter import ReprHighlighter
+    from pip._vendor.rich.panel import Panel
+
+    highlighter = ReprHighlighter()
+    console = Console()
+
+    panel = Panel(
+        Group(
+            Align.left(highlighter("align='left'")),
+            Align.center(highlighter("align='center'")),
+            Align.right(highlighter("align='right'")),
+        ),
+        width=60,
+        style="on dark_blue",
+        title="Algin",
+    )
+
+    console.print(
+        Align.center(panel, vertical="middle", style="on red", height=console.height)
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/ansi.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/ansi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92e4772
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/ansi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+from contextlib import suppress
+import re
+from typing import Iterable, NamedTuple
+
+from .color import Color
+from .style import Style
+from .text import Text
+
+re_ansi = re.compile(r"(?:\x1b\[(.*?)m)|(?:\x1b\](.*?)\x1b\\)")
+re_csi = re.compile(r"\x1B(?:[@-Z\\-_]|\[[0-?]*[ -/]*[@-~])")
+
+
+class _AnsiToken(NamedTuple):
+    """Result of ansi tokenized string."""
+
+    plain: str = ""
+    sgr: str = ""
+    osc: str = ""
+
+
+def _ansi_tokenize(ansi_text: str) -> Iterable[_AnsiToken]:
+    """Tokenize a string in to plain text and ANSI codes.
+
+    Args:
+        ansi_text (str): A String containing ANSI codes.
+
+    Yields:
+        AnsiToken: A named tuple of (plain, sgr, osc)
+    """
+
+    def remove_csi(ansi_text: str) -> str:
+        """Remove unknown CSI sequences."""
+        return re_csi.sub("", ansi_text)
+
+    position = 0
+    for match in re_ansi.finditer(ansi_text):
+        start, end = match.span(0)
+        sgr, osc = match.groups()
+        if start > position:
+            yield _AnsiToken(remove_csi(ansi_text[position:start]))
+        yield _AnsiToken("", sgr, osc)
+        position = end
+    if position < len(ansi_text):
+        yield _AnsiToken(remove_csi(ansi_text[position:]))
+
+
+SGR_STYLE_MAP = {
+    1: "bold",
+    2: "dim",
+    3: "italic",
+    4: "underline",
+    5: "blink",
+    6: "blink2",
+    7: "reverse",
+    8: "conceal",
+    9: "strike",
+    21: "underline2",
+    22: "not dim not bold",
+    23: "not italic",
+    24: "not underline",
+    25: "not blink",
+    26: "not blink2",
+    27: "not reverse",
+    28: "not conceal",
+    29: "not strike",
+    30: "color(0)",
+    31: "color(1)",
+    32: "color(2)",
+    33: "color(3)",
+    34: "color(4)",
+    35: "color(5)",
+    36: "color(6)",
+    37: "color(7)",
+    39: "default",
+    40: "on color(0)",
+    41: "on color(1)",
+    42: "on color(2)",
+    43: "on color(3)",
+    44: "on color(4)",
+    45: "on color(5)",
+    46: "on color(6)",
+    47: "on color(7)",
+    49: "on default",
+    51: "frame",
+    52: "encircle",
+    53: "overline",
+    54: "not frame not encircle",
+    55: "not overline",
+    90: "color(8)",
+    91: "color(9)",
+    92: "color(10)",
+    93: "color(11)",
+    94: "color(12)",
+    95: "color(13)",
+    96: "color(14)",
+    97: "color(15)",
+    100: "on color(8)",
+    101: "on color(9)",
+    102: "on color(10)",
+    103: "on color(11)",
+    104: "on color(12)",
+    105: "on color(13)",
+    106: "on color(14)",
+    107: "on color(15)",
+}
+
+
+class AnsiDecoder:
+    """Translate ANSI code in to styled Text."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.style = Style.null()
+
+    def decode(self, terminal_text: str) -> Iterable[Text]:
+        """Decode ANSI codes in an interable of lines.
+
+        Args:
+            lines (Iterable[str]): An iterable of lines of terminal output.
+
+        Yields:
+            Text: Marked up Text.
+        """
+        for line in terminal_text.splitlines():
+            yield self.decode_line(line)
+
+    def decode_line(self, line: str) -> Text:
+        """Decode a line containing ansi codes.
+
+        Args:
+            line (str): A line of terminal output.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: A Text instance marked up according to ansi codes.
+        """
+        from_ansi = Color.from_ansi
+        from_rgb = Color.from_rgb
+        _Style = Style
+        text = Text()
+        append = text.append
+        line = line.rsplit("\r", 1)[-1]
+        for token in _ansi_tokenize(line):
+            plain_text, sgr, osc = token
+            if plain_text:
+                append(plain_text, self.style or None)
+            elif osc:
+                if osc.startswith("8;"):
+                    _params, semicolon, link = osc[2:].partition(";")
+                    if semicolon:
+                        self.style = self.style.update_link(link or None)
+            elif sgr:
+                # Translate in to semi-colon separated codes
+                # Ignore invalid codes, because we want to be lenient
+                codes = [
+                    min(255, int(_code)) for _code in sgr.split(";") if _code.isdigit()
+                ]
+                iter_codes = iter(codes)
+                for code in iter_codes:
+                    if code == 0:
+                        # reset
+                        self.style = _Style.null()
+                    elif code in SGR_STYLE_MAP:
+                        # styles
+                        self.style += _Style.parse(SGR_STYLE_MAP[code])
+                    elif code == 38:
+                        #  Foreground
+                        with suppress(StopIteration):
+                            color_type = next(iter_codes)
+                            if color_type == 5:
+                                self.style += _Style.from_color(
+                                    from_ansi(next(iter_codes))
+                                )
+                            elif color_type == 2:
+                                self.style += _Style.from_color(
+                                    from_rgb(
+                                        next(iter_codes),
+                                        next(iter_codes),
+                                        next(iter_codes),
+                                    )
+                                )
+                    elif code == 48:
+                        # Background
+                        with suppress(StopIteration):
+                            color_type = next(iter_codes)
+                            if color_type == 5:
+                                self.style += _Style.from_color(
+                                    None, from_ansi(next(iter_codes))
+                                )
+                            elif color_type == 2:
+                                self.style += _Style.from_color(
+                                    None,
+                                    from_rgb(
+                                        next(iter_codes),
+                                        next(iter_codes),
+                                        next(iter_codes),
+                                    ),
+                                )
+
+        return text
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import pty
+    import io
+    import os
+    import sys
+
+    decoder = AnsiDecoder()
+
+    stdout = io.BytesIO()
+
+    def read(fd: int) -> bytes:
+        data = os.read(fd, 1024)
+        stdout.write(data)
+        return data
+
+    pty.spawn(sys.argv[1:], read)
+
+    from .console import Console
+
+    console = Console(record=True)
+
+    stdout_result = stdout.getvalue().decode("utf-8")
+    print(stdout_result)
+
+    for line in decoder.decode(stdout_result):
+        console.print(line)
+
+    console.save_html("stdout.html")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/bar.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/bar.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed86a55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/bar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from typing import Optional, Union
+
+from .color import Color
+from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import Style
+
+# There are left-aligned characters for 1/8 to 7/8, but
+# the right-aligned characters exist only for 1/8 and 4/8.
+BEGIN_BLOCK_ELEMENTS = ["█", "█", "█", "▐", "▐", "▐", "▕", "▕"]
+END_BLOCK_ELEMENTS = [" ", "▏", "▎", "▍", "▌", "▋", "▊", "▉"]
+FULL_BLOCK = "█"
+
+
+class Bar(JupyterMixin):
+    """Renders a solid block bar.
+
+    Args:
+        size (float): Value for the end of the bar.
+        begin (float): Begin point (between 0 and size, inclusive).
+        end (float): End point (between 0 and size, inclusive).
+        width (int, optional): Width of the bar, or ``None`` for maximum width. Defaults to None.
+        color (Union[Color, str], optional): Color of the bar. Defaults to "default".
+        bgcolor (Union[Color, str], optional): Color of bar background. Defaults to "default".
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        size: float,
+        begin: float,
+        end: float,
+        *,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        color: Union[Color, str] = "default",
+        bgcolor: Union[Color, str] = "default",
+    ):
+        self.size = size
+        self.begin = max(begin, 0)
+        self.end = min(end, size)
+        self.width = width
+        self.style = Style(color=color, bgcolor=bgcolor)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Bar({self.size}, {self.begin}, {self.end})"
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+
+        width = min(
+            self.width if self.width is not None else options.max_width,
+            options.max_width,
+        )
+
+        if self.begin >= self.end:
+            yield Segment(" " * width, self.style)
+            yield Segment.line()
+            return
+
+        prefix_complete_eights = int(width * 8 * self.begin / self.size)
+        prefix_bar_count = prefix_complete_eights // 8
+        prefix_eights_count = prefix_complete_eights % 8
+
+        body_complete_eights = int(width * 8 * self.end / self.size)
+        body_bar_count = body_complete_eights // 8
+        body_eights_count = body_complete_eights % 8
+
+        # When start and end fall into the same cell, we ideally should render
+        # a symbol that's "center-aligned", but there is no good symbol in Unicode.
+        # In this case, we fall back to right-aligned block symbol for simplicity.
+
+        prefix = " " * prefix_bar_count
+        if prefix_eights_count:
+            prefix += BEGIN_BLOCK_ELEMENTS[prefix_eights_count]
+
+        body = FULL_BLOCK * body_bar_count
+        if body_eights_count:
+            body += END_BLOCK_ELEMENTS[body_eights_count]
+
+        suffix = " " * (width - len(body))
+
+        yield Segment(prefix + body[len(prefix) :] + suffix, self.style)
+        yield Segment.line()
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        return (
+            Measurement(self.width, self.width)
+            if self.width is not None
+            else Measurement(4, options.max_width)
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/box.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/box.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aec2926
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/box.py
@@ -0,0 +1,483 @@
+import sys
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Iterable, List
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Literal
+else:
+    from pip._vendor.typing_extensions import Literal  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+from ._loop import loop_last
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import ConsoleOptions
+
+
+class Box:
+    """Defines characters to render boxes.
+
+    ┌─┬┐ top
+    │ ││ head
+    ├─┼┤ head_row
+    │ ││ mid
+    ├─┼┤ row
+    ├─┼┤ foot_row
+    │ ││ foot
+    └─┴┘ bottom
+
+    Args:
+        box (str): Characters making up box.
+        ascii (bool, optional): True if this box uses ascii characters only. Default is False.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, box: str, *, ascii: bool = False) -> None:
+        self._box = box
+        self.ascii = ascii
+        line1, line2, line3, line4, line5, line6, line7, line8 = box.splitlines()
+        # top
+        self.top_left, self.top, self.top_divider, self.top_right = iter(line1)
+        # head
+        self.head_left, _, self.head_vertical, self.head_right = iter(line2)
+        # head_row
+        (
+            self.head_row_left,
+            self.head_row_horizontal,
+            self.head_row_cross,
+            self.head_row_right,
+        ) = iter(line3)
+
+        # mid
+        self.mid_left, _, self.mid_vertical, self.mid_right = iter(line4)
+        # row
+        self.row_left, self.row_horizontal, self.row_cross, self.row_right = iter(line5)
+        # foot_row
+        (
+            self.foot_row_left,
+            self.foot_row_horizontal,
+            self.foot_row_cross,
+            self.foot_row_right,
+        ) = iter(line6)
+        # foot
+        self.foot_left, _, self.foot_vertical, self.foot_right = iter(line7)
+        # bottom
+        self.bottom_left, self.bottom, self.bottom_divider, self.bottom_right = iter(
+            line8
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "Box(...)"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self._box
+
+    def substitute(self, options: "ConsoleOptions", safe: bool = True) -> "Box":
+        """Substitute this box for another if it won't render due to platform issues.
+
+        Args:
+            options (ConsoleOptions): Console options used in rendering.
+            safe (bool, optional): Substitute this for another Box if there are known problems
+                displaying on the platform (currently only relevant on Windows). Default is True.
+
+        Returns:
+            Box: A different Box or the same Box.
+        """
+        box = self
+        if options.legacy_windows and safe:
+            box = LEGACY_WINDOWS_SUBSTITUTIONS.get(box, box)
+        if options.ascii_only and not box.ascii:
+            box = ASCII
+        return box
+
+    def get_top(self, widths: Iterable[int]) -> str:
+        """Get the top of a simple box.
+
+        Args:
+            widths (List[int]): Widths of columns.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A string of box characters.
+        """
+
+        parts: List[str] = []
+        append = parts.append
+        append(self.top_left)
+        for last, width in loop_last(widths):
+            append(self.top * width)
+            if not last:
+                append(self.top_divider)
+        append(self.top_right)
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    def get_row(
+        self,
+        widths: Iterable[int],
+        level: Literal["head", "row", "foot", "mid"] = "row",
+        edge: bool = True,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Get the top of a simple box.
+
+        Args:
+            width (List[int]): Widths of columns.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A string of box characters.
+        """
+        if level == "head":
+            left = self.head_row_left
+            horizontal = self.head_row_horizontal
+            cross = self.head_row_cross
+            right = self.head_row_right
+        elif level == "row":
+            left = self.row_left
+            horizontal = self.row_horizontal
+            cross = self.row_cross
+            right = self.row_right
+        elif level == "mid":
+            left = self.mid_left
+            horizontal = " "
+            cross = self.mid_vertical
+            right = self.mid_right
+        elif level == "foot":
+            left = self.foot_row_left
+            horizontal = self.foot_row_horizontal
+            cross = self.foot_row_cross
+            right = self.foot_row_right
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("level must be 'head', 'row' or 'foot'")
+
+        parts: List[str] = []
+        append = parts.append
+        if edge:
+            append(left)
+        for last, width in loop_last(widths):
+            append(horizontal * width)
+            if not last:
+                append(cross)
+        if edge:
+            append(right)
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    def get_bottom(self, widths: Iterable[int]) -> str:
+        """Get the bottom of a simple box.
+
+        Args:
+            widths (List[int]): Widths of columns.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A string of box characters.
+        """
+
+        parts: List[str] = []
+        append = parts.append
+        append(self.bottom_left)
+        for last, width in loop_last(widths):
+            append(self.bottom * width)
+            if not last:
+                append(self.bottom_divider)
+        append(self.bottom_right)
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+
+ASCII: Box = Box(
+    """\
++--+
+| ||
+|-+|
+| ||
+|-+|
+|-+|
+| ||
++--+
+""",
+    ascii=True,
+)
+
+ASCII2: Box = Box(
+    """\
++-++
+| ||
++-++
+| ||
++-++
++-++
+| ||
++-++
+""",
+    ascii=True,
+)
+
+ASCII_DOUBLE_HEAD: Box = Box(
+    """\
++-++
+| ||
++=++
+| ||
++-++
++-++
+| ||
++-++
+""",
+    ascii=True,
+)
+
+SQUARE: Box = Box(
+    """\
+┌─┬┐
+│ ││
+├─┼┤
+│ ││
+├─┼┤
+├─┼┤
+│ ││
+└─┴┘
+"""
+)
+
+SQUARE_DOUBLE_HEAD: Box = Box(
+    """\
+┌─┬┐
+│ ││
+╞═╪╡
+│ ││
+├─┼┤
+├─┼┤
+│ ││
+└─┴┘
+"""
+)
+
+MINIMAL: Box = Box(
+    """\
+  ╷ 
+  │ 
+╶─┼╴
+  │ 
+╶─┼╴
+╶─┼╴
+  │ 
+  ╵ 
+"""
+)
+
+
+MINIMAL_HEAVY_HEAD: Box = Box(
+    """\
+  ╷ 
+  │ 
+╺━┿╸
+  │ 
+╶─┼╴
+╶─┼╴
+  │ 
+  ╵ 
+"""
+)
+
+MINIMAL_DOUBLE_HEAD: Box = Box(
+    """\
+  ╷ 
+  │ 
+ ═╪ 
+  │ 
+ ─┼ 
+ ─┼ 
+  │ 
+  ╵ 
+"""
+)
+
+
+SIMPLE: Box = Box(
+    """\
+    
+    
+ ── 
+    
+    
+ ── 
+    
+    
+"""
+)
+
+SIMPLE_HEAD: Box = Box(
+    """\
+    
+    
+ ── 
+    
+    
+    
+    
+    
+"""
+)
+
+
+SIMPLE_HEAVY: Box = Box(
+    """\
+    
+    
+ ━━ 
+    
+    
+ ━━ 
+    
+    
+"""
+)
+
+
+HORIZONTALS: Box = Box(
+    """\
+ ── 
+    
+ ── 
+    
+ ── 
+ ── 
+    
+ ── 
+"""
+)
+
+ROUNDED: Box = Box(
+    """\
+╭─┬╮
+│ ││
+├─┼┤
+│ ││
+├─┼┤
+├─┼┤
+│ ││
+╰─┴╯
+"""
+)
+
+HEAVY: Box = Box(
+    """\
+┏━┳┓
+┃ ┃┃
+┣━╋┫
+┃ ┃┃
+┣━╋┫
+┣━╋┫
+┃ ┃┃
+┗━┻┛
+"""
+)
+
+HEAVY_EDGE: Box = Box(
+    """\
+┏━┯┓
+┃ │┃
+┠─┼┨
+┃ │┃
+┠─┼┨
+┠─┼┨
+┃ │┃
+┗━┷┛
+"""
+)
+
+HEAVY_HEAD: Box = Box(
+    """\
+┏━┳┓
+┃ ┃┃
+┡━╇┩
+│ ││
+├─┼┤
+├─┼┤
+│ ││
+└─┴┘
+"""
+)
+
+DOUBLE: Box = Box(
+    """\
+╔═╦╗
+║ ║║
+╠═╬╣
+║ ║║
+╠═╬╣
+╠═╬╣
+║ ║║
+╚═╩╝
+"""
+)
+
+DOUBLE_EDGE: Box = Box(
+    """\
+╔═╤╗
+║ │║
+╟─┼╢
+║ │║
+╟─┼╢
+╟─┼╢
+║ │║
+╚═╧╝
+"""
+)
+
+# Map Boxes that don't render with raster fonts on to equivalent that do
+LEGACY_WINDOWS_SUBSTITUTIONS = {
+    ROUNDED: SQUARE,
+    MINIMAL_HEAVY_HEAD: MINIMAL,
+    SIMPLE_HEAVY: SIMPLE,
+    HEAVY: SQUARE,
+    HEAVY_EDGE: SQUARE,
+    HEAVY_HEAD: SQUARE,
+}
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich.columns import Columns
+    from pip._vendor.rich.panel import Panel
+
+    from . import box as box
+    from .console import Console
+    from .table import Table
+    from .text import Text
+
+    console = Console(record=True)
+
+    BOXES = [
+        "ASCII",
+        "ASCII2",
+        "ASCII_DOUBLE_HEAD",
+        "SQUARE",
+        "SQUARE_DOUBLE_HEAD",
+        "MINIMAL",
+        "MINIMAL_HEAVY_HEAD",
+        "MINIMAL_DOUBLE_HEAD",
+        "SIMPLE",
+        "SIMPLE_HEAD",
+        "SIMPLE_HEAVY",
+        "HORIZONTALS",
+        "ROUNDED",
+        "HEAVY",
+        "HEAVY_EDGE",
+        "HEAVY_HEAD",
+        "DOUBLE",
+        "DOUBLE_EDGE",
+    ]
+
+    console.print(Panel("[bold green]Box Constants", style="green"), justify="center")
+    console.print()
+
+    columns = Columns(expand=True, padding=2)
+    for box_name in sorted(BOXES):
+        table = Table(
+            show_footer=True, style="dim", border_style="not dim", expand=True
+        )
+        table.add_column("Header 1", "Footer 1")
+        table.add_column("Header 2", "Footer 2")
+        table.add_row("Cell", "Cell")
+        table.add_row("Cell", "Cell")
+        table.box = getattr(box, box_name)
+        table.title = Text(f"box.{box_name}", style="magenta")
+        columns.add_renderable(table)
+    console.print(columns)
+
+    # console.save_html("box.html", inline_styles=True)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/cells.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/cells.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e824ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/cells.py
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+from functools import lru_cache
+import re
+from typing import Dict, List
+
+from ._cell_widths import CELL_WIDTHS
+from ._lru_cache import LRUCache
+
+# Regex to match sequence of the most common character ranges
+_is_single_cell_widths = re.compile("^[\u0020-\u006f\u00a0\u02ff\u0370-\u0482]*$").match
+
+
+def cell_len(text: str, _cache: Dict[str, int] = LRUCache(1024 * 4)) -> int:
+    """Get the number of cells required to display text.
+
+    Args:
+        text (str): Text to display.
+
+    Returns:
+        int: Get the number of cells required to display text.
+    """
+
+    if _is_single_cell_widths(text):
+        return len(text)
+    else:
+        cached_result = _cache.get(text, None)
+        if cached_result is not None:
+            return cached_result
+        _get_size = get_character_cell_size
+        total_size = sum(_get_size(character) for character in text)
+        if len(text) <= 64:
+            _cache[text] = total_size
+    return total_size
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=4096)
+def get_character_cell_size(character: str) -> int:
+    """Get the cell size of a character.
+
+    Args:
+        character (str): A single character.
+
+    Returns:
+        int: Number of cells (0, 1 or 2) occupied by that character.
+    """
+    if _is_single_cell_widths(character):
+        return 1
+
+    return _get_codepoint_cell_size(ord(character))
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=4096)
+def _get_codepoint_cell_size(codepoint: int) -> int:
+    """Get the cell size of a character.
+
+    Args:
+        character (str): A single character.
+
+    Returns:
+        int: Number of cells (0, 1 or 2) occupied by that character.
+    """
+
+    _table = CELL_WIDTHS
+    lower_bound = 0
+    upper_bound = len(_table) - 1
+    index = (lower_bound + upper_bound) // 2
+    while True:
+        start, end, width = _table[index]
+        if codepoint < start:
+            upper_bound = index - 1
+        elif codepoint > end:
+            lower_bound = index + 1
+        else:
+            return 0 if width == -1 else width
+        if upper_bound < lower_bound:
+            break
+        index = (lower_bound + upper_bound) // 2
+    return 1
+
+
+def set_cell_size(text: str, total: int) -> str:
+    """Set the length of a string to fit within given number of cells."""
+
+    if _is_single_cell_widths(text):
+        size = len(text)
+        if size < total:
+            return text + " " * (total - size)
+        return text[:total]
+
+    if not total:
+        return ""
+    cell_size = cell_len(text)
+    if cell_size == total:
+        return text
+    if cell_size < total:
+        return text + " " * (total - cell_size)
+
+    start = 0
+    end = len(text)
+
+    # Binary search until we find the right size
+    while True:
+        pos = (start + end) // 2
+        before = text[: pos + 1]
+        before_len = cell_len(before)
+        if before_len == total + 1 and cell_len(before[-1]) == 2:
+            return before[:-1] + " "
+        if before_len == total:
+            return before
+        if before_len > total:
+            end = pos
+        else:
+            start = pos
+
+
+# TODO: This is inefficient
+# TODO: This might not work with CWJ type characters
+def chop_cells(text: str, max_size: int, position: int = 0) -> List[str]:
+    """Break text in to equal (cell) length strings."""
+    _get_character_cell_size = get_character_cell_size
+    characters = [
+        (character, _get_character_cell_size(character)) for character in text
+    ][::-1]
+    total_size = position
+    lines: List[List[str]] = [[]]
+    append = lines[-1].append
+
+    pop = characters.pop
+    while characters:
+        character, size = pop()
+        if total_size + size > max_size:
+            lines.append([character])
+            append = lines[-1].append
+            total_size = size
+        else:
+            total_size += size
+            append(character)
+    return ["".join(line) for line in lines]
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    print(get_character_cell_size("😽"))
+    for line in chop_cells("""这是对亚洲语言支持的测试。面对模棱两可的想法，拒绝猜测的诱惑。""", 8):
+        print(line)
+    for n in range(80, 1, -1):
+        print(set_cell_size("""这是对亚洲语言支持的测试。面对模棱两可的想法，拒绝猜测的诱惑。""", n) + "|")
+        print("x" * n)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/color.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/color.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0fa026
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/color.py
@@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
+import platform
+import re
+from colorsys import rgb_to_hls
+from enum import IntEnum
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple
+
+from ._palettes import EIGHT_BIT_PALETTE, STANDARD_PALETTE, WINDOWS_PALETTE
+from .color_triplet import ColorTriplet
+from .repr import rich_repr, Result
+from .terminal_theme import DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
+    from .terminal_theme import TerminalTheme
+    from .text import Text
+
+
+WINDOWS = platform.system() == "Windows"
+
+
+class ColorSystem(IntEnum):
+    """One of the 3 color system supported by terminals."""
+
+    STANDARD = 1
+    EIGHT_BIT = 2
+    TRUECOLOR = 3
+    WINDOWS = 4
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"ColorSystem.{self.name}"
+
+
+class ColorType(IntEnum):
+    """Type of color stored in Color class."""
+
+    DEFAULT = 0
+    STANDARD = 1
+    EIGHT_BIT = 2
+    TRUECOLOR = 3
+    WINDOWS = 4
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"ColorType.{self.name}"
+
+
+ANSI_COLOR_NAMES = {
+    "black": 0,
+    "red": 1,
+    "green": 2,
+    "yellow": 3,
+    "blue": 4,
+    "magenta": 5,
+    "cyan": 6,
+    "white": 7,
+    "bright_black": 8,
+    "bright_red": 9,
+    "bright_green": 10,
+    "bright_yellow": 11,
+    "bright_blue": 12,
+    "bright_magenta": 13,
+    "bright_cyan": 14,
+    "bright_white": 15,
+    "grey0": 16,
+    "navy_blue": 17,
+    "dark_blue": 18,
+    "blue3": 20,
+    "blue1": 21,
+    "dark_green": 22,
+    "deep_sky_blue4": 25,
+    "dodger_blue3": 26,
+    "dodger_blue2": 27,
+    "green4": 28,
+    "spring_green4": 29,
+    "turquoise4": 30,
+    "deep_sky_blue3": 32,
+    "dodger_blue1": 33,
+    "green3": 40,
+    "spring_green3": 41,
+    "dark_cyan": 36,
+    "light_sea_green": 37,
+    "deep_sky_blue2": 38,
+    "deep_sky_blue1": 39,
+    "spring_green2": 47,
+    "cyan3": 43,
+    "dark_turquoise": 44,
+    "turquoise2": 45,
+    "green1": 46,
+    "spring_green1": 48,
+    "medium_spring_green": 49,
+    "cyan2": 50,
+    "cyan1": 51,
+    "dark_red": 88,
+    "deep_pink4": 125,
+    "purple4": 55,
+    "purple3": 56,
+    "blue_violet": 57,
+    "orange4": 94,
+    "grey37": 59,
+    "medium_purple4": 60,
+    "slate_blue3": 62,
+    "royal_blue1": 63,
+    "chartreuse4": 64,
+    "dark_sea_green4": 71,
+    "pale_turquoise4": 66,
+    "steel_blue": 67,
+    "steel_blue3": 68,
+    "cornflower_blue": 69,
+    "chartreuse3": 76,
+    "cadet_blue": 73,
+    "sky_blue3": 74,
+    "steel_blue1": 81,
+    "pale_green3": 114,
+    "sea_green3": 78,
+    "aquamarine3": 79,
+    "medium_turquoise": 80,
+    "chartreuse2": 112,
+    "sea_green2": 83,
+    "sea_green1": 85,
+    "aquamarine1": 122,
+    "dark_slate_gray2": 87,
+    "dark_magenta": 91,
+    "dark_violet": 128,
+    "purple": 129,
+    "light_pink4": 95,
+    "plum4": 96,
+    "medium_purple3": 98,
+    "slate_blue1": 99,
+    "yellow4": 106,
+    "wheat4": 101,
+    "grey53": 102,
+    "light_slate_grey": 103,
+    "medium_purple": 104,
+    "light_slate_blue": 105,
+    "dark_olive_green3": 149,
+    "dark_sea_green": 108,
+    "light_sky_blue3": 110,
+    "sky_blue2": 111,
+    "dark_sea_green3": 150,
+    "dark_slate_gray3": 116,
+    "sky_blue1": 117,
+    "chartreuse1": 118,
+    "light_green": 120,
+    "pale_green1": 156,
+    "dark_slate_gray1": 123,
+    "red3": 160,
+    "medium_violet_red": 126,
+    "magenta3": 164,
+    "dark_orange3": 166,
+    "indian_red": 167,
+    "hot_pink3": 168,
+    "medium_orchid3": 133,
+    "medium_orchid": 134,
+    "medium_purple2": 140,
+    "dark_goldenrod": 136,
+    "light_salmon3": 173,
+    "rosy_brown": 138,
+    "grey63": 139,
+    "medium_purple1": 141,
+    "gold3": 178,
+    "dark_khaki": 143,
+    "navajo_white3": 144,
+    "grey69": 145,
+    "light_steel_blue3": 146,
+    "light_steel_blue": 147,
+    "yellow3": 184,
+    "dark_sea_green2": 157,
+    "light_cyan3": 152,
+    "light_sky_blue1": 153,
+    "green_yellow": 154,
+    "dark_olive_green2": 155,
+    "dark_sea_green1": 193,
+    "pale_turquoise1": 159,
+    "deep_pink3": 162,
+    "magenta2": 200,
+    "hot_pink2": 169,
+    "orchid": 170,
+    "medium_orchid1": 207,
+    "orange3": 172,
+    "light_pink3": 174,
+    "pink3": 175,
+    "plum3": 176,
+    "violet": 177,
+    "light_goldenrod3": 179,
+    "tan": 180,
+    "misty_rose3": 181,
+    "thistle3": 182,
+    "plum2": 183,
+    "khaki3": 185,
+    "light_goldenrod2": 222,
+    "light_yellow3": 187,
+    "grey84": 188,
+    "light_steel_blue1": 189,
+    "yellow2": 190,
+    "dark_olive_green1": 192,
+    "honeydew2": 194,
+    "light_cyan1": 195,
+    "red1": 196,
+    "deep_pink2": 197,
+    "deep_pink1": 199,
+    "magenta1": 201,
+    "orange_red1": 202,
+    "indian_red1": 204,
+    "hot_pink": 206,
+    "dark_orange": 208,
+    "salmon1": 209,
+    "light_coral": 210,
+    "pale_violet_red1": 211,
+    "orchid2": 212,
+    "orchid1": 213,
+    "orange1": 214,
+    "sandy_brown": 215,
+    "light_salmon1": 216,
+    "light_pink1": 217,
+    "pink1": 218,
+    "plum1": 219,
+    "gold1": 220,
+    "navajo_white1": 223,
+    "misty_rose1": 224,
+    "thistle1": 225,
+    "yellow1": 226,
+    "light_goldenrod1": 227,
+    "khaki1": 228,
+    "wheat1": 229,
+    "cornsilk1": 230,
+    "grey100": 231,
+    "grey3": 232,
+    "grey7": 233,
+    "grey11": 234,
+    "grey15": 235,
+    "grey19": 236,
+    "grey23": 237,
+    "grey27": 238,
+    "grey30": 239,
+    "grey35": 240,
+    "grey39": 241,
+    "grey42": 242,
+    "grey46": 243,
+    "grey50": 244,
+    "grey54": 245,
+    "grey58": 246,
+    "grey62": 247,
+    "grey66": 248,
+    "grey70": 249,
+    "grey74": 250,
+    "grey78": 251,
+    "grey82": 252,
+    "grey85": 253,
+    "grey89": 254,
+    "grey93": 255,
+}
+
+
+class ColorParseError(Exception):
+    """The color could not be parsed."""
+
+
+RE_COLOR = re.compile(
+    r"""^
+\#([0-9a-f]{6})$|
+color\(([0-9]{1,3})\)$|
+rgb\(([\d\s,]+)\)$
+""",
+    re.VERBOSE,
+)
+
+
+@rich_repr
+class Color(NamedTuple):
+    """Terminal color definition."""
+
+    name: str
+    """The name of the color (typically the input to Color.parse)."""
+    type: ColorType
+    """The type of the color."""
+    number: Optional[int] = None
+    """The color number, if a standard color, or None."""
+    triplet: Optional[ColorTriplet] = None
+    """A triplet of color components, if an RGB color."""
+
+    def __rich__(self) -> "Text":
+        """Dispays the actual color if Rich printed."""
+        from .text import Text
+        from .style import Style
+
+        return Text.assemble(
+            f"<color {self.name!r} ({self.type.name.lower()})",
+            ("⬤", Style(color=self)),
+            " >",
+        )
+
+    def __rich_repr__(self) -> Result:
+        yield self.name
+        yield self.type
+        yield "number", self.number, None
+        yield "triplet", self.triplet, None
+
+    @property
+    def system(self) -> ColorSystem:
+        """Get the native color system for this color."""
+        if self.type == ColorType.DEFAULT:
+            return ColorSystem.STANDARD
+        return ColorSystem(int(self.type))
+
+    @property
+    def is_system_defined(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the color is ultimately defined by the system."""
+        return self.system not in (ColorSystem.EIGHT_BIT, ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR)
+
+    @property
+    def is_default(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the color is a default color."""
+        return self.type == ColorType.DEFAULT
+
+    def get_truecolor(
+        self, theme: Optional["TerminalTheme"] = None, foreground: bool = True
+    ) -> ColorTriplet:
+        """Get an equivalent color triplet for this color.
+
+        Args:
+            theme (TerminalTheme, optional): Optional terminal theme, or None to use default. Defaults to None.
+            foreground (bool, optional): True for a foreground color, or False for background. Defaults to True.
+
+        Returns:
+            ColorTriplet: A color triplet containing RGB components.
+        """
+
+        if theme is None:
+            theme = DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME
+        if self.type == ColorType.TRUECOLOR:
+            assert self.triplet is not None
+            return self.triplet
+        elif self.type == ColorType.EIGHT_BIT:
+            assert self.number is not None
+            return EIGHT_BIT_PALETTE[self.number]
+        elif self.type == ColorType.STANDARD:
+            assert self.number is not None
+            return theme.ansi_colors[self.number]
+        elif self.type == ColorType.WINDOWS:
+            assert self.number is not None
+            return WINDOWS_PALETTE[self.number]
+        else:  # self.type == ColorType.DEFAULT:
+            assert self.number is None
+            return theme.foreground_color if foreground else theme.background_color
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_ansi(cls, number: int) -> "Color":
+        """Create a Color number from it's 8-bit ansi number.
+
+        Args:
+            number (int): A number between 0-255 inclusive.
+
+        Returns:
+            Color: A new Color instance.
+        """
+        return cls(
+            name=f"color({number})",
+            type=(ColorType.STANDARD if number < 16 else ColorType.EIGHT_BIT),
+            number=number,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_triplet(cls, triplet: "ColorTriplet") -> "Color":
+        """Create a truecolor RGB color from a triplet of values.
+
+        Args:
+            triplet (ColorTriplet): A color triplet containing red, green and blue components.
+
+        Returns:
+            Color: A new color object.
+        """
+        return cls(name=triplet.hex, type=ColorType.TRUECOLOR, triplet=triplet)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_rgb(cls, red: float, green: float, blue: float) -> "Color":
+        """Create a truecolor from three color components in the range(0->255).
+
+        Args:
+            red (float): Red component in range 0-255.
+            green (float): Green component in range 0-255.
+            blue (float): Blue component in range 0-255.
+
+        Returns:
+            Color: A new color object.
+        """
+        return cls.from_triplet(ColorTriplet(int(red), int(green), int(blue)))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def default(cls) -> "Color":
+        """Get a Color instance representing the default color.
+
+        Returns:
+            Color: Default color.
+        """
+        return cls(name="default", type=ColorType.DEFAULT)
+
+    @classmethod
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=1024)
+    def parse(cls, color: str) -> "Color":
+        """Parse a color definition."""
+        original_color = color
+        color = color.lower().strip()
+
+        if color == "default":
+            return cls(color, type=ColorType.DEFAULT)
+
+        color_number = ANSI_COLOR_NAMES.get(color)
+        if color_number is not None:
+            return cls(
+                color,
+                type=(ColorType.STANDARD if color_number < 16 else ColorType.EIGHT_BIT),
+                number=color_number,
+            )
+
+        color_match = RE_COLOR.match(color)
+        if color_match is None:
+            raise ColorParseError(f"{original_color!r} is not a valid color")
+
+        color_24, color_8, color_rgb = color_match.groups()
+        if color_24:
+            triplet = ColorTriplet(
+                int(color_24[0:2], 16), int(color_24[2:4], 16), int(color_24[4:6], 16)
+            )
+            return cls(color, ColorType.TRUECOLOR, triplet=triplet)
+
+        elif color_8:
+            number = int(color_8)
+            if number > 255:
+                raise ColorParseError(f"color number must be <= 255 in {color!r}")
+            return cls(
+                color,
+                type=(ColorType.STANDARD if number < 16 else ColorType.EIGHT_BIT),
+                number=number,
+            )
+
+        else:  #  color_rgb:
+            components = color_rgb.split(",")
+            if len(components) != 3:
+                raise ColorParseError(
+                    f"expected three components in {original_color!r}"
+                )
+            red, green, blue = components
+            triplet = ColorTriplet(int(red), int(green), int(blue))
+            if not all(component <= 255 for component in triplet):
+                raise ColorParseError(
+                    f"color components must be <= 255 in {original_color!r}"
+                )
+            return cls(color, ColorType.TRUECOLOR, triplet=triplet)
+
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=1024)
+    def get_ansi_codes(self, foreground: bool = True) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
+        """Get the ANSI escape codes for this color."""
+        _type = self.type
+        if _type == ColorType.DEFAULT:
+            return ("39" if foreground else "49",)
+
+        elif _type == ColorType.WINDOWS:
+            number = self.number
+            assert number is not None
+            fore, back = (30, 40) if number < 8 else (82, 92)
+            return (str(fore + number if foreground else back + number),)
+
+        elif _type == ColorType.STANDARD:
+            number = self.number
+            assert number is not None
+            fore, back = (30, 40) if number < 8 else (82, 92)
+            return (str(fore + number if foreground else back + number),)
+
+        elif _type == ColorType.EIGHT_BIT:
+            assert self.number is not None
+            return ("38" if foreground else "48", "5", str(self.number))
+
+        else:  # self.standard == ColorStandard.TRUECOLOR:
+            assert self.triplet is not None
+            red, green, blue = self.triplet
+            return ("38" if foreground else "48", "2", str(red), str(green), str(blue))
+
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=1024)
+    def downgrade(self, system: ColorSystem) -> "Color":
+        """Downgrade a color system to a system with fewer colors."""
+
+        if self.type in [ColorType.DEFAULT, system]:
+            return self
+        # Convert to 8-bit color from truecolor color
+        if system == ColorSystem.EIGHT_BIT and self.system == ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR:
+            assert self.triplet is not None
+            red, green, blue = self.triplet.normalized
+            _h, l, s = rgb_to_hls(red, green, blue)
+            # If saturation is under 10% assume it is grayscale
+            if s < 0.1:
+                gray = round(l * 25.0)
+                if gray == 0:
+                    color_number = 16
+                elif gray == 25:
+                    color_number = 231
+                else:
+                    color_number = 231 + gray
+                return Color(self.name, ColorType.EIGHT_BIT, number=color_number)
+
+            color_number = (
+                16 + 36 * round(red * 5.0) + 6 * round(green * 5.0) + round(blue * 5.0)
+            )
+            return Color(self.name, ColorType.EIGHT_BIT, number=color_number)
+
+        # Convert to standard from truecolor or 8-bit
+        elif system == ColorSystem.STANDARD:
+            if self.system == ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR:
+                assert self.triplet is not None
+                triplet = self.triplet
+            else:  # self.system == ColorSystem.EIGHT_BIT
+                assert self.number is not None
+                triplet = ColorTriplet(*EIGHT_BIT_PALETTE[self.number])
+
+            color_number = STANDARD_PALETTE.match(triplet)
+            return Color(self.name, ColorType.STANDARD, number=color_number)
+
+        elif system == ColorSystem.WINDOWS:
+            if self.system == ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR:
+                assert self.triplet is not None
+                triplet = self.triplet
+            else:  # self.system == ColorSystem.EIGHT_BIT
+                assert self.number is not None
+                if self.number < 16:
+                    return Color(self.name, ColorType.WINDOWS, number=self.number)
+                triplet = ColorTriplet(*EIGHT_BIT_PALETTE[self.number])
+
+            color_number = WINDOWS_PALETTE.match(triplet)
+            return Color(self.name, ColorType.WINDOWS, number=color_number)
+
+        return self
+
+
+def parse_rgb_hex(hex_color: str) -> ColorTriplet:
+    """Parse six hex characters in to RGB triplet."""
+    assert len(hex_color) == 6, "must be 6 characters"
+    color = ColorTriplet(
+        int(hex_color[0:2], 16), int(hex_color[2:4], 16), int(hex_color[4:6], 16)
+    )
+    return color
+
+
+def blend_rgb(
+    color1: ColorTriplet, color2: ColorTriplet, cross_fade: float = 0.5
+) -> ColorTriplet:
+    """Blend one RGB color in to another."""
+    r1, g1, b1 = color1
+    r2, g2, b2 = color2
+    new_color = ColorTriplet(
+        int(r1 + (r2 - r1) * cross_fade),
+        int(g1 + (g2 - g1) * cross_fade),
+        int(b1 + (b2 - b1) * cross_fade),
+    )
+    return new_color
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    from .console import Console
+    from .table import Table
+    from .text import Text
+
+    console = Console()
+
+    table = Table(show_footer=False, show_edge=True)
+    table.add_column("Color", width=10, overflow="ellipsis")
+    table.add_column("Number", justify="right", style="yellow")
+    table.add_column("Name", style="green")
+    table.add_column("Hex", style="blue")
+    table.add_column("RGB", style="magenta")
+
+    colors = sorted((v, k) for k, v in ANSI_COLOR_NAMES.items())
+    for color_number, name in colors:
+        color_cell = Text(" " * 10, style=f"on {name}")
+        if color_number < 16:
+            table.add_row(color_cell, f"{color_number}", Text(f'"{name}"'))
+        else:
+            color = EIGHT_BIT_PALETTE[color_number]  # type: ignore
+            table.add_row(
+                color_cell, str(color_number), Text(f'"{name}"'), color.hex, color.rgb
+            )
+
+    console.print(table)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/color_triplet.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/color_triplet.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02cab32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/color_triplet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from typing import NamedTuple, Tuple
+
+
+class ColorTriplet(NamedTuple):
+    """The red, green, and blue components of a color."""
+
+    red: int
+    """Red component in 0 to 255 range."""
+    green: int
+    """Green component in 0 to 255 range."""
+    blue: int
+    """Blue component in 0 to 255 range."""
+
+    @property
+    def hex(self) -> str:
+        """get the color triplet in CSS style."""
+        red, green, blue = self
+        return f"#{red:02x}{green:02x}{blue:02x}"
+
+    @property
+    def rgb(self) -> str:
+        """The color in RGB format.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: An rgb color, e.g. ``"rgb(100,23,255)"``.
+        """
+        red, green, blue = self
+        return f"rgb({red},{green},{blue})"
+
+    @property
+    def normalized(self) -> Tuple[float, float, float]:
+        """Convert components into floats between 0 and 1.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[float, float, float]: A tuple of three normalized colour components.
+        """
+        red, green, blue = self
+        return red / 255.0, green / 255.0, blue / 255.0
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/columns.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/columns.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..669a3a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/columns.py
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+from itertools import chain
+from operator import itemgetter
+from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from .align import Align, AlignMethod
+from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderableType, RenderResult
+from .constrain import Constrain
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .padding import Padding, PaddingDimensions
+from .table import Table
+from .text import TextType
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+
+
+class Columns(JupyterMixin):
+    """Display renderables in neat columns.
+
+    Args:
+        renderables (Iterable[RenderableType]): Any number of Rich renderables (including str).
+        width (int, optional): The desired width of the columns, or None to auto detect. Defaults to None.
+        padding (PaddingDimensions, optional): Optional padding around cells. Defaults to (0, 1).
+        expand (bool, optional): Expand columns to full width. Defaults to False.
+        equal (bool, optional): Arrange in to equal sized columns. Defaults to False.
+        column_first (bool, optional): Align items from top to bottom (rather than left to right). Defaults to False.
+        right_to_left (bool, optional): Start column from right hand side. Defaults to False.
+        align (str, optional): Align value ("left", "right", or "center") or None for default. Defaults to None.
+        title (TextType, optional): Optional title for Columns.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        renderables: Optional[Iterable[RenderableType]] = None,
+        padding: PaddingDimensions = (0, 1),
+        *,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        expand: bool = False,
+        equal: bool = False,
+        column_first: bool = False,
+        right_to_left: bool = False,
+        align: Optional[AlignMethod] = None,
+        title: Optional[TextType] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.renderables = list(renderables or [])
+        self.width = width
+        self.padding = padding
+        self.expand = expand
+        self.equal = equal
+        self.column_first = column_first
+        self.right_to_left = right_to_left
+        self.align: Optional[AlignMethod] = align
+        self.title = title
+
+    def add_renderable(self, renderable: RenderableType) -> None:
+        """Add a renderable to the columns.
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType): Any renderable object.
+        """
+        self.renderables.append(renderable)
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        render_str = console.render_str
+        renderables = [
+            render_str(renderable) if isinstance(renderable, str) else renderable
+            for renderable in self.renderables
+        ]
+        if not renderables:
+            return
+        _top, right, _bottom, left = Padding.unpack(self.padding)
+        width_padding = max(left, right)
+        max_width = options.max_width
+        widths: Dict[int, int] = defaultdict(int)
+        column_count = len(renderables)
+
+        get_measurement = Measurement.get
+        renderable_widths = [
+            get_measurement(console, options, renderable).maximum
+            for renderable in renderables
+        ]
+        if self.equal:
+            renderable_widths = [max(renderable_widths)] * len(renderable_widths)
+
+        def iter_renderables(
+            column_count: int,
+        ) -> Iterable[Tuple[int, Optional[RenderableType]]]:
+            item_count = len(renderables)
+            if self.column_first:
+                width_renderables = list(zip(renderable_widths, renderables))
+
+                column_lengths: List[int] = [item_count // column_count] * column_count
+                for col_no in range(item_count % column_count):
+                    column_lengths[col_no] += 1
+
+                row_count = (item_count + column_count - 1) // column_count
+                cells = [[-1] * column_count for _ in range(row_count)]
+                row = col = 0
+                for index in range(item_count):
+                    cells[row][col] = index
+                    column_lengths[col] -= 1
+                    if column_lengths[col]:
+                        row += 1
+                    else:
+                        col += 1
+                        row = 0
+                for index in chain.from_iterable(cells):
+                    if index == -1:
+                        break
+                    yield width_renderables[index]
+            else:
+                yield from zip(renderable_widths, renderables)
+            # Pad odd elements with spaces
+            if item_count % column_count:
+                for _ in range(column_count - (item_count % column_count)):
+                    yield 0, None
+
+        table = Table.grid(padding=self.padding, collapse_padding=True, pad_edge=False)
+        table.expand = self.expand
+        table.title = self.title
+
+        if self.width is not None:
+            column_count = (max_width) // (self.width + width_padding)
+            for _ in range(column_count):
+                table.add_column(width=self.width)
+        else:
+            while column_count > 1:
+                widths.clear()
+                column_no = 0
+                for renderable_width, _ in iter_renderables(column_count):
+                    widths[column_no] = max(widths[column_no], renderable_width)
+                    total_width = sum(widths.values()) + width_padding * (
+                        len(widths) - 1
+                    )
+                    if total_width > max_width:
+                        column_count = len(widths) - 1
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        column_no = (column_no + 1) % column_count
+                else:
+                    break
+
+        get_renderable = itemgetter(1)
+        _renderables = [
+            get_renderable(_renderable)
+            for _renderable in iter_renderables(column_count)
+        ]
+        if self.equal:
+            _renderables = [
+                None
+                if renderable is None
+                else Constrain(renderable, renderable_widths[0])
+                for renderable in _renderables
+            ]
+        if self.align:
+            align = self.align
+            _Align = Align
+            _renderables = [
+                None if renderable is None else _Align(renderable, align)
+                for renderable in _renderables
+            ]
+
+        right_to_left = self.right_to_left
+        add_row = table.add_row
+        for start in range(0, len(_renderables), column_count):
+            row = _renderables[start : start + column_count]
+            if right_to_left:
+                row = row[::-1]
+            add_row(*row)
+        yield table
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import os
+
+    console = Console()
+
+    files = [f"{i} {s}" for i, s in enumerate(sorted(os.listdir()))]
+    columns = Columns(files, padding=(0, 1), expand=False, equal=False)
+    console.print(columns)
+    console.rule()
+    columns.column_first = True
+    console.print(columns)
+    columns.right_to_left = True
+    console.rule()
+    console.print(columns)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/console.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/console.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27e7227
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/console.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2211 @@
+import inspect
+import os
+import platform
+import sys
+import threading
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import datetime
+from functools import wraps
+from getpass import getpass
+from html import escape
+from inspect import isclass
+from itertools import islice
+from threading import RLock
+from time import monotonic
+from types import FrameType, ModuleType, TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    IO,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Optional,
+    TextIO,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Literal, Protocol, runtime_checkable
+else:
+    from pip._vendor.typing_extensions import (
+        Literal,
+        Protocol,
+        runtime_checkable,
+    )  # pragma: no cover
+
+from . import errors, themes
+from ._emoji_replace import _emoji_replace
+from ._log_render import FormatTimeCallable, LogRender
+from .align import Align, AlignMethod
+from .color import ColorSystem
+from .control import Control
+from .emoji import EmojiVariant
+from .highlighter import NullHighlighter, ReprHighlighter
+from .markup import render as render_markup
+from .measure import Measurement, measure_renderables
+from .pager import Pager, SystemPager
+from .pretty import Pretty, is_expandable
+from .protocol import rich_cast
+from .region import Region
+from .scope import render_scope
+from .screen import Screen
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import Style, StyleType
+from .styled import Styled
+from .terminal_theme import DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME, TerminalTheme
+from .text import Text, TextType
+from .theme import Theme, ThemeStack
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ._windows import WindowsConsoleFeatures
+    from .live import Live
+    from .status import Status
+
+WINDOWS = platform.system() == "Windows"
+
+HighlighterType = Callable[[Union[str, "Text"]], "Text"]
+JustifyMethod = Literal["default", "left", "center", "right", "full"]
+OverflowMethod = Literal["fold", "crop", "ellipsis", "ignore"]
+
+
+class NoChange:
+    pass
+
+
+NO_CHANGE = NoChange()
+
+
+CONSOLE_HTML_FORMAT = """\
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<head>
+<meta charset="UTF-8">
+<style>
+{stylesheet}
+body {{
+    color: {foreground};
+    background-color: {background};
+}}
+</style>
+</head>
+<html>
+<body>
+    <code>
+        <pre style="font-family:Menlo,'DejaVu Sans Mono',consolas,'Courier New',monospace">{code}</pre>
+    </code>
+</body>
+</html>
+"""
+
+_TERM_COLORS = {"256color": ColorSystem.EIGHT_BIT, "16color": ColorSystem.STANDARD}
+
+
+class ConsoleDimensions(NamedTuple):
+    """Size of the terminal."""
+
+    width: int
+    """The width of the console in 'cells'."""
+    height: int
+    """The height of the console in lines."""
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ConsoleOptions:
+    """Options for __rich_console__ method."""
+
+    size: ConsoleDimensions
+    """Size of console."""
+    legacy_windows: bool
+    """legacy_windows: flag for legacy windows."""
+    min_width: int
+    """Minimum width of renderable."""
+    max_width: int
+    """Maximum width of renderable."""
+    is_terminal: bool
+    """True if the target is a terminal, otherwise False."""
+    encoding: str
+    """Encoding of terminal."""
+    max_height: int
+    """Height of container (starts as terminal)"""
+    justify: Optional[JustifyMethod] = None
+    """Justify value override for renderable."""
+    overflow: Optional[OverflowMethod] = None
+    """Overflow value override for renderable."""
+    no_wrap: Optional[bool] = False
+    """Disable wrapping for text."""
+    highlight: Optional[bool] = None
+    """Highlight override for render_str."""
+    markup: Optional[bool] = None
+    """Enable markup when rendering strings."""
+    height: Optional[int] = None
+
+    @property
+    def ascii_only(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if renderables should use ascii only."""
+        return not self.encoding.startswith("utf")
+
+    def copy(self) -> "ConsoleOptions":
+        """Return a copy of the options.
+
+        Returns:
+            ConsoleOptions: a copy of self.
+        """
+        options: ConsoleOptions = ConsoleOptions.__new__(ConsoleOptions)
+        options.__dict__ = self.__dict__.copy()
+        return options
+
+    def update(
+        self,
+        *,
+        width: Union[int, NoChange] = NO_CHANGE,
+        min_width: Union[int, NoChange] = NO_CHANGE,
+        max_width: Union[int, NoChange] = NO_CHANGE,
+        justify: Union[Optional[JustifyMethod], NoChange] = NO_CHANGE,
+        overflow: Union[Optional[OverflowMethod], NoChange] = NO_CHANGE,
+        no_wrap: Union[Optional[bool], NoChange] = NO_CHANGE,
+        highlight: Union[Optional[bool], NoChange] = NO_CHANGE,
+        markup: Union[Optional[bool], NoChange] = NO_CHANGE,
+        height: Union[Optional[int], NoChange] = NO_CHANGE,
+    ) -> "ConsoleOptions":
+        """Update values, return a copy."""
+        options = self.copy()
+        if not isinstance(width, NoChange):
+            options.min_width = options.max_width = max(0, width)
+        if not isinstance(min_width, NoChange):
+            options.min_width = min_width
+        if not isinstance(max_width, NoChange):
+            options.max_width = max_width
+        if not isinstance(justify, NoChange):
+            options.justify = justify
+        if not isinstance(overflow, NoChange):
+            options.overflow = overflow
+        if not isinstance(no_wrap, NoChange):
+            options.no_wrap = no_wrap
+        if not isinstance(highlight, NoChange):
+            options.highlight = highlight
+        if not isinstance(markup, NoChange):
+            options.markup = markup
+        if not isinstance(height, NoChange):
+            if height is not None:
+                options.max_height = height
+            options.height = None if height is None else max(0, height)
+        return options
+
+    def update_width(self, width: int) -> "ConsoleOptions":
+        """Update just the width, return a copy.
+
+        Args:
+            width (int): New width (sets both min_width and max_width)
+
+        Returns:
+            ~ConsoleOptions: New console options instance.
+        """
+        options = self.copy()
+        options.min_width = options.max_width = max(0, width)
+        return options
+
+    def update_height(self, height: int) -> "ConsoleOptions":
+        """Update the height, and return a copy.
+
+        Args:
+            height (int): New height
+
+        Returns:
+            ~ConsoleOptions: New Console options instance.
+        """
+        options = self.copy()
+        options.max_height = options.height = height
+        return options
+
+    def update_dimensions(self, width: int, height: int) -> "ConsoleOptions":
+        """Update the width and height, and return a copy.
+
+        Args:
+            width (int): New width (sets both min_width and max_width).
+            height (int): New height.
+
+        Returns:
+            ~ConsoleOptions: New console options instance.
+        """
+        options = self.copy()
+        options.min_width = options.max_width = max(0, width)
+        options.height = options.max_height = height
+        return options
+
+
+@runtime_checkable
+class RichCast(Protocol):
+    """An object that may be 'cast' to a console renderable."""
+
+    def __rich__(self) -> Union["ConsoleRenderable", str]:  # pragma: no cover
+        ...
+
+
+@runtime_checkable
+class ConsoleRenderable(Protocol):
+    """An object that supports the console protocol."""
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":  # pragma: no cover
+        ...
+
+
+# A type that may be rendered by Console.
+RenderableType = Union[ConsoleRenderable, RichCast, str]
+
+
+# The result of calling a __rich_console__ method.
+RenderResult = Iterable[Union[RenderableType, Segment]]
+
+
+_null_highlighter = NullHighlighter()
+
+
+class CaptureError(Exception):
+    """An error in the Capture context manager."""
+
+
+class NewLine:
+    """A renderable to generate new line(s)"""
+
+    def __init__(self, count: int = 1) -> None:
+        self.count = count
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> Iterable[Segment]:
+        yield Segment("\n" * self.count)
+
+
+class ScreenUpdate:
+    """Render a list of lines at a given offset."""
+
+    def __init__(self, lines: List[List[Segment]], x: int, y: int) -> None:
+        self._lines = lines
+        self.x = x
+        self.y = y
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        x = self.x
+        move_to = Control.move_to
+        for offset, line in enumerate(self._lines, self.y):
+            yield move_to(x, offset)
+            yield from line
+
+
+class Capture:
+    """Context manager to capture the result of printing to the console.
+    See :meth:`~rich.console.Console.capture` for how to use.
+
+    Args:
+        console (Console): A console instance to capture output.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, console: "Console") -> None:
+        self._console = console
+        self._result: Optional[str] = None
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "Capture":
+        self._console.begin_capture()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        self._result = self._console.end_capture()
+
+    def get(self) -> str:
+        """Get the result of the capture."""
+        if self._result is None:
+            raise CaptureError(
+                "Capture result is not available until context manager exits."
+            )
+        return self._result
+
+
+class ThemeContext:
+    """A context manager to use a temporary theme. See :meth:`~rich.console.Console.use_theme` for usage."""
+
+    def __init__(self, console: "Console", theme: Theme, inherit: bool = True) -> None:
+        self.console = console
+        self.theme = theme
+        self.inherit = inherit
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "ThemeContext":
+        self.console.push_theme(self.theme)
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.console.pop_theme()
+
+
+class PagerContext:
+    """A context manager that 'pages' content. See :meth:`~rich.console.Console.pager` for usage."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        console: "Console",
+        pager: Optional[Pager] = None,
+        styles: bool = False,
+        links: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._console = console
+        self.pager = SystemPager() if pager is None else pager
+        self.styles = styles
+        self.links = links
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "PagerContext":
+        self._console._enter_buffer()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        if exc_type is None:
+            with self._console._lock:
+                buffer: List[Segment] = self._console._buffer[:]
+                del self._console._buffer[:]
+                segments: Iterable[Segment] = buffer
+                if not self.styles:
+                    segments = Segment.strip_styles(segments)
+                elif not self.links:
+                    segments = Segment.strip_links(segments)
+                content = self._console._render_buffer(segments)
+            self.pager.show(content)
+        self._console._exit_buffer()
+
+
+class ScreenContext:
+    """A context manager that enables an alternative screen. See :meth:`~rich.console.Console.screen` for usage."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, console: "Console", hide_cursor: bool, style: StyleType = ""
+    ) -> None:
+        self.console = console
+        self.hide_cursor = hide_cursor
+        self.screen = Screen(style=style)
+        self._changed = False
+
+    def update(
+        self, *renderables: RenderableType, style: Optional[StyleType] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Update the screen.
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType, optional): Optional renderable to replace current renderable,
+                or None for no change. Defaults to None.
+            style: (Style, optional): Replacement style, or None for no change. Defaults to None.
+        """
+        if renderables:
+            self.screen.renderable = (
+                Group(*renderables) if len(renderables) > 1 else renderables[0]
+            )
+        if style is not None:
+            self.screen.style = style
+        self.console.print(self.screen, end="")
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "ScreenContext":
+        self._changed = self.console.set_alt_screen(True)
+        if self._changed and self.hide_cursor:
+            self.console.show_cursor(False)
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        if self._changed:
+            self.console.set_alt_screen(False)
+            if self.hide_cursor:
+                self.console.show_cursor(True)
+
+
+class Group:
+    """Takes a group of renderables and returns a renderable object that renders the group.
+
+    Args:
+        renderables (Iterable[RenderableType]): An iterable of renderable objects.
+        fit (bool, optional): Fit dimension of group to contents, or fill available space. Defaults to True.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *renderables: "RenderableType", fit: bool = True) -> None:
+        self._renderables = renderables
+        self.fit = fit
+        self._render: Optional[List[RenderableType]] = None
+
+    @property
+    def renderables(self) -> List["RenderableType"]:
+        if self._render is None:
+            self._render = list(self._renderables)
+        return self._render
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        if self.fit:
+            return measure_renderables(console, options, self.renderables)
+        else:
+            return Measurement(options.max_width, options.max_width)
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        yield from self.renderables
+
+
+def group(fit: bool = True) -> Callable[..., Callable[..., Group]]:
+    """A decorator that turns an iterable of renderables in to a group.
+
+    Args:
+        fit (bool, optional): Fit dimension of group to contents, or fill available space. Defaults to True.
+    """
+
+    def decorator(
+        method: Callable[..., Iterable[RenderableType]]
+    ) -> Callable[..., Group]:
+        """Convert a method that returns an iterable of renderables in to a Group."""
+
+        @wraps(method)
+        def _replace(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Group:
+            renderables = method(*args, **kwargs)
+            return Group(*renderables, fit=fit)
+
+        return _replace
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def _is_jupyter() -> bool:  # pragma: no cover
+    """Check if we're running in a Jupyter notebook."""
+    try:
+        get_ipython  # type: ignore
+    except NameError:
+        return False
+    ipython = get_ipython()  # type: ignore
+    shell = ipython.__class__.__name__
+    if "google.colab" in str(ipython.__class__) or shell == "ZMQInteractiveShell":
+        return True  # Jupyter notebook or qtconsole
+    elif shell == "TerminalInteractiveShell":
+        return False  # Terminal running IPython
+    else:
+        return False  # Other type (?)
+
+
+COLOR_SYSTEMS = {
+    "standard": ColorSystem.STANDARD,
+    "256": ColorSystem.EIGHT_BIT,
+    "truecolor": ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR,
+    "windows": ColorSystem.WINDOWS,
+}
+
+
+_COLOR_SYSTEMS_NAMES = {system: name for name, system in COLOR_SYSTEMS.items()}
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ConsoleThreadLocals(threading.local):
+    """Thread local values for Console context."""
+
+    theme_stack: ThemeStack
+    buffer: List[Segment] = field(default_factory=list)
+    buffer_index: int = 0
+
+
+class RenderHook(ABC):
+    """Provides hooks in to the render process."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def process_renderables(
+        self, renderables: List[ConsoleRenderable]
+    ) -> List[ConsoleRenderable]:
+        """Called with a list of objects to render.
+
+        This method can return a new list of renderables, or modify and return the same list.
+
+        Args:
+            renderables (List[ConsoleRenderable]): A number of renderable objects.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[ConsoleRenderable]: A replacement list of renderables.
+        """
+
+
+_windows_console_features: Optional["WindowsConsoleFeatures"] = None
+
+
+def get_windows_console_features() -> "WindowsConsoleFeatures":  # pragma: no cover
+    global _windows_console_features
+    if _windows_console_features is not None:
+        return _windows_console_features
+    from ._windows import get_windows_console_features
+
+    _windows_console_features = get_windows_console_features()
+    return _windows_console_features
+
+
+def detect_legacy_windows() -> bool:
+    """Detect legacy Windows."""
+    return WINDOWS and not get_windows_console_features().vt
+
+
+if detect_legacy_windows():  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.colorama import init
+
+    init(strip=False)
+
+
+class Console:
+    """A high level console interface.
+
+    Args:
+        color_system (str, optional): The color system supported by your terminal,
+            either ``"standard"``, ``"256"`` or ``"truecolor"``. Leave as ``"auto"`` to autodetect.
+        force_terminal (Optional[bool], optional): Enable/disable terminal control codes, or None to auto-detect terminal. Defaults to None.
+        force_jupyter (Optional[bool], optional): Enable/disable Jupyter rendering, or None to auto-detect Jupyter. Defaults to None.
+        force_interactive (Optional[bool], optional): Enable/disable interactive mode, or None to auto detect. Defaults to None.
+        soft_wrap (Optional[bool], optional): Set soft wrap default on print method. Defaults to False.
+        theme (Theme, optional): An optional style theme object, or ``None`` for default theme.
+        stderr (bool, optional): Use stderr rather than stdout if ``file`` is not specified. Defaults to False.
+        file (IO, optional): A file object where the console should write to. Defaults to stdout.
+        quiet (bool, Optional): Boolean to suppress all output. Defaults to False.
+        width (int, optional): The width of the terminal. Leave as default to auto-detect width.
+        height (int, optional): The height of the terminal. Leave as default to auto-detect height.
+        style (StyleType, optional): Style to apply to all output, or None for no style. Defaults to None.
+        no_color (Optional[bool], optional): Enabled no color mode, or None to auto detect. Defaults to None.
+        tab_size (int, optional): Number of spaces used to replace a tab character. Defaults to 8.
+        record (bool, optional): Boolean to enable recording of terminal output,
+            required to call :meth:`export_html` and :meth:`export_text`. Defaults to False.
+        markup (bool, optional): Boolean to enable :ref:`console_markup`. Defaults to True.
+        emoji (bool, optional): Enable emoji code. Defaults to True.
+        emoji_variant (str, optional): Optional emoji variant, either "text" or "emoji". Defaults to None.
+        highlight (bool, optional): Enable automatic highlighting. Defaults to True.
+        log_time (bool, optional): Boolean to enable logging of time by :meth:`log` methods. Defaults to True.
+        log_path (bool, optional): Boolean to enable the logging of the caller by :meth:`log`. Defaults to True.
+        log_time_format (Union[str, TimeFormatterCallable], optional): If ``log_time`` is enabled, either string for strftime or callable that formats the time. Defaults to "[%X] ".
+        highlighter (HighlighterType, optional): Default highlighter.
+        legacy_windows (bool, optional): Enable legacy Windows mode, or ``None`` to auto detect. Defaults to ``None``.
+        safe_box (bool, optional): Restrict box options that don't render on legacy Windows.
+        get_datetime (Callable[[], datetime], optional): Callable that gets the current time as a datetime.datetime object (used by Console.log),
+            or None for datetime.now.
+        get_time (Callable[[], time], optional): Callable that gets the current time in seconds, default uses time.monotonic.
+    """
+
+    _environ: Mapping[str, str] = os.environ
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        color_system: Optional[
+            Literal["auto", "standard", "256", "truecolor", "windows"]
+        ] = "auto",
+        force_terminal: Optional[bool] = None,
+        force_jupyter: Optional[bool] = None,
+        force_interactive: Optional[bool] = None,
+        soft_wrap: bool = False,
+        theme: Optional[Theme] = None,
+        stderr: bool = False,
+        file: Optional[IO[str]] = None,
+        quiet: bool = False,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        height: Optional[int] = None,
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        no_color: Optional[bool] = None,
+        tab_size: int = 8,
+        record: bool = False,
+        markup: bool = True,
+        emoji: bool = True,
+        emoji_variant: Optional[EmojiVariant] = None,
+        highlight: bool = True,
+        log_time: bool = True,
+        log_path: bool = True,
+        log_time_format: Union[str, FormatTimeCallable] = "[%X]",
+        highlighter: Optional["HighlighterType"] = ReprHighlighter(),
+        legacy_windows: Optional[bool] = None,
+        safe_box: bool = True,
+        get_datetime: Optional[Callable[[], datetime]] = None,
+        get_time: Optional[Callable[[], float]] = None,
+        _environ: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    ):
+        # Copy of os.environ allows us to replace it for testing
+        if _environ is not None:
+            self._environ = _environ
+
+        self.is_jupyter = _is_jupyter() if force_jupyter is None else force_jupyter
+        if self.is_jupyter:
+            width = width or 93
+            height = height or 100
+
+        self.soft_wrap = soft_wrap
+        self._width = width
+        self._height = height
+        self.tab_size = tab_size
+        self.record = record
+        self._markup = markup
+        self._emoji = emoji
+        self._emoji_variant: Optional[EmojiVariant] = emoji_variant
+        self._highlight = highlight
+        self.legacy_windows: bool = (
+            (detect_legacy_windows() and not self.is_jupyter)
+            if legacy_windows is None
+            else legacy_windows
+        )
+        if width is None:
+            columns = self._environ.get("COLUMNS")
+            if columns is not None and columns.isdigit():
+                width = int(columns) - self.legacy_windows
+        if height is None:
+            lines = self._environ.get("LINES")
+            if lines is not None and lines.isdigit():
+                height = int(lines)
+
+        self.soft_wrap = soft_wrap
+        self._width = width
+        self._height = height
+
+        self._color_system: Optional[ColorSystem]
+        self._force_terminal = force_terminal
+        self._file = file
+        self.quiet = quiet
+        self.stderr = stderr
+
+        if color_system is None:
+            self._color_system = None
+        elif color_system == "auto":
+            self._color_system = self._detect_color_system()
+        else:
+            self._color_system = COLOR_SYSTEMS[color_system]
+
+        self._lock = threading.RLock()
+        self._log_render = LogRender(
+            show_time=log_time,
+            show_path=log_path,
+            time_format=log_time_format,
+        )
+        self.highlighter: HighlighterType = highlighter or _null_highlighter
+        self.safe_box = safe_box
+        self.get_datetime = get_datetime or datetime.now
+        self.get_time = get_time or monotonic
+        self.style = style
+        self.no_color = (
+            no_color if no_color is not None else "NO_COLOR" in self._environ
+        )
+        self.is_interactive = (
+            (self.is_terminal and not self.is_dumb_terminal)
+            if force_interactive is None
+            else force_interactive
+        )
+
+        self._record_buffer_lock = threading.RLock()
+        self._thread_locals = ConsoleThreadLocals(
+            theme_stack=ThemeStack(themes.DEFAULT if theme is None else theme)
+        )
+        self._record_buffer: List[Segment] = []
+        self._render_hooks: List[RenderHook] = []
+        self._live: Optional["Live"] = None
+        self._is_alt_screen = False
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<console width={self.width} {str(self._color_system)}>"
+
+    @property
+    def file(self) -> IO[str]:
+        """Get the file object to write to."""
+        file = self._file or (sys.stderr if self.stderr else sys.stdout)
+        file = getattr(file, "rich_proxied_file", file)
+        return file
+
+    @file.setter
+    def file(self, new_file: IO[str]) -> None:
+        """Set a new file object."""
+        self._file = new_file
+
+    @property
+    def _buffer(self) -> List[Segment]:
+        """Get a thread local buffer."""
+        return self._thread_locals.buffer
+
+    @property
+    def _buffer_index(self) -> int:
+        """Get a thread local buffer."""
+        return self._thread_locals.buffer_index
+
+    @_buffer_index.setter
+    def _buffer_index(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self._thread_locals.buffer_index = value
+
+    @property
+    def _theme_stack(self) -> ThemeStack:
+        """Get the thread local theme stack."""
+        return self._thread_locals.theme_stack
+
+    def _detect_color_system(self) -> Optional[ColorSystem]:
+        """Detect color system from env vars."""
+        if self.is_jupyter:
+            return ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR
+        if not self.is_terminal or self.is_dumb_terminal:
+            return None
+        if WINDOWS:  # pragma: no cover
+            if self.legacy_windows:  # pragma: no cover
+                return ColorSystem.WINDOWS
+            windows_console_features = get_windows_console_features()
+            return (
+                ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR
+                if windows_console_features.truecolor
+                else ColorSystem.EIGHT_BIT
+            )
+        else:
+            color_term = self._environ.get("COLORTERM", "").strip().lower()
+            if color_term in ("truecolor", "24bit"):
+                return ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR
+            term = self._environ.get("TERM", "").strip().lower()
+            _term_name, _hyphen, colors = term.rpartition("-")
+            color_system = _TERM_COLORS.get(colors, ColorSystem.STANDARD)
+            return color_system
+
+    def _enter_buffer(self) -> None:
+        """Enter in to a buffer context, and buffer all output."""
+        self._buffer_index += 1
+
+    def _exit_buffer(self) -> None:
+        """Leave buffer context, and render content if required."""
+        self._buffer_index -= 1
+        self._check_buffer()
+
+    def set_live(self, live: "Live") -> None:
+        """Set Live instance. Used by Live context manager.
+
+        Args:
+            live (Live): Live instance using this Console.
+
+        Raises:
+            errors.LiveError: If this Console has a Live context currently active.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            if self._live is not None:
+                raise errors.LiveError("Only one live display may be active at once")
+            self._live = live
+
+    def clear_live(self) -> None:
+        """Clear the Live instance."""
+        with self._lock:
+            self._live = None
+
+    def push_render_hook(self, hook: RenderHook) -> None:
+        """Add a new render hook to the stack.
+
+        Args:
+            hook (RenderHook): Render hook instance.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            self._render_hooks.append(hook)
+
+    def pop_render_hook(self) -> None:
+        """Pop the last renderhook from the stack."""
+        with self._lock:
+            self._render_hooks.pop()
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "Console":
+        """Own context manager to enter buffer context."""
+        self._enter_buffer()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Any, exc_value: Any, traceback: Any) -> None:
+        """Exit buffer context."""
+        self._exit_buffer()
+
+    def begin_capture(self) -> None:
+        """Begin capturing console output. Call :meth:`end_capture` to exit capture mode and return output."""
+        self._enter_buffer()
+
+    def end_capture(self) -> str:
+        """End capture mode and return captured string.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: Console output.
+        """
+        render_result = self._render_buffer(self._buffer)
+        del self._buffer[:]
+        self._exit_buffer()
+        return render_result
+
+    def push_theme(self, theme: Theme, *, inherit: bool = True) -> None:
+        """Push a new theme on to the top of the stack, replacing the styles from the previous theme.
+        Generally speaking, you should call :meth:`~rich.console.Console.use_theme` to get a context manager, rather
+        than calling this method directly.
+
+        Args:
+            theme (Theme): A theme instance.
+            inherit (bool, optional): Inherit existing styles. Defaults to True.
+        """
+        self._theme_stack.push_theme(theme, inherit=inherit)
+
+    def pop_theme(self) -> None:
+        """Remove theme from top of stack, restoring previous theme."""
+        self._theme_stack.pop_theme()
+
+    def use_theme(self, theme: Theme, *, inherit: bool = True) -> ThemeContext:
+        """Use a different theme for the duration of the context manager.
+
+        Args:
+            theme (Theme): Theme instance to user.
+            inherit (bool, optional): Inherit existing console styles. Defaults to True.
+
+        Returns:
+            ThemeContext: [description]
+        """
+        return ThemeContext(self, theme, inherit)
+
+    @property
+    def color_system(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Get color system string.
+
+        Returns:
+            Optional[str]: "standard", "256" or "truecolor".
+        """
+
+        if self._color_system is not None:
+            return _COLOR_SYSTEMS_NAMES[self._color_system]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def encoding(self) -> str:
+        """Get the encoding of the console file, e.g. ``"utf-8"``.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A standard encoding string.
+        """
+        return (getattr(self.file, "encoding", "utf-8") or "utf-8").lower()
+
+    @property
+    def is_terminal(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the console is writing to a terminal.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the console writing to a device capable of
+            understanding terminal codes, otherwise False.
+        """
+        if self._force_terminal is not None:
+            return self._force_terminal
+        isatty: Optional[Callable[[], bool]] = getattr(self.file, "isatty", None)
+        try:
+            return False if isatty is None else isatty()
+        except ValueError:
+            # in some situation (at the end of a pytest run for example) isatty() can raise
+            # ValueError: I/O operation on closed file
+            # return False because we aren't in a terminal anymore
+            return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_dumb_terminal(self) -> bool:
+        """Detect dumb terminal.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if writing to a dumb terminal, otherwise False.
+
+        """
+        _term = self._environ.get("TERM", "")
+        is_dumb = _term.lower() in ("dumb", "unknown")
+        return self.is_terminal and is_dumb
+
+    @property
+    def options(self) -> ConsoleOptions:
+        """Get default console options."""
+        return ConsoleOptions(
+            max_height=self.size.height,
+            size=self.size,
+            legacy_windows=self.legacy_windows,
+            min_width=1,
+            max_width=self.width,
+            encoding=self.encoding,
+            is_terminal=self.is_terminal,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def size(self) -> ConsoleDimensions:
+        """Get the size of the console.
+
+        Returns:
+            ConsoleDimensions: A named tuple containing the dimensions.
+        """
+
+        if self._width is not None and self._height is not None:
+            return ConsoleDimensions(self._width - self.legacy_windows, self._height)
+
+        if self.is_dumb_terminal:
+            return ConsoleDimensions(80, 25)
+
+        width: Optional[int] = None
+        height: Optional[int] = None
+
+        if WINDOWS:  # pragma: no cover
+            try:
+                width, height = os.get_terminal_size()
+            except OSError:  # Probably not a terminal
+                pass
+        else:
+            try:
+                width, height = os.get_terminal_size(sys.__stdin__.fileno())
+            except (AttributeError, ValueError, OSError):
+                try:
+                    width, height = os.get_terminal_size(sys.__stdout__.fileno())
+                except (AttributeError, ValueError, OSError):
+                    pass
+
+        columns = self._environ.get("COLUMNS")
+        if columns is not None and columns.isdigit():
+            width = int(columns)
+        lines = self._environ.get("LINES")
+        if lines is not None and lines.isdigit():
+            height = int(lines)
+
+        # get_terminal_size can report 0, 0 if run from pseudo-terminal
+        width = width or 80
+        height = height or 25
+        return ConsoleDimensions(
+            width - self.legacy_windows if self._width is None else self._width,
+            height if self._height is None else self._height,
+        )
+
+    @size.setter
+    def size(self, new_size: Tuple[int, int]) -> None:
+        """Set a new size for the terminal.
+
+        Args:
+            new_size (Tuple[int, int]): New width and height.
+        """
+        width, height = new_size
+        self._width = width
+        self._height = height
+
+    @property
+    def width(self) -> int:
+        """Get the width of the console.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: The width (in characters) of the console.
+        """
+        return self.size.width
+
+    @width.setter
+    def width(self, width: int) -> None:
+        """Set width.
+
+        Args:
+            width (int): New width.
+        """
+        self._width = width
+
+    @property
+    def height(self) -> int:
+        """Get the height of the console.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: The height (in lines) of the console.
+        """
+        return self.size.height
+
+    @height.setter
+    def height(self, height: int) -> None:
+        """Set height.
+
+        Args:
+            height (int): new height.
+        """
+        self._height = height
+
+    def bell(self) -> None:
+        """Play a 'bell' sound (if supported by the terminal)."""
+        self.control(Control.bell())
+
+    def capture(self) -> Capture:
+        """A context manager to *capture* the result of print() or log() in a string,
+        rather than writing it to the console.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from rich.console import Console
+            >>> console = Console()
+            >>> with console.capture() as capture:
+            ...     console.print("[bold magenta]Hello World[/]")
+            >>> print(capture.get())
+
+        Returns:
+            Capture: Context manager with disables writing to the terminal.
+        """
+        capture = Capture(self)
+        return capture
+
+    def pager(
+        self, pager: Optional[Pager] = None, styles: bool = False, links: bool = False
+    ) -> PagerContext:
+        """A context manager to display anything printed within a "pager". The pager application
+        is defined by the system and will typically support at least pressing a key to scroll.
+
+        Args:
+            pager (Pager, optional): A pager object, or None to use :class:`~rich.pager.SystemPager`. Defaults to None.
+            styles (bool, optional): Show styles in pager. Defaults to False.
+            links (bool, optional): Show links in pager. Defaults to False.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from rich.console import Console
+            >>> from rich.__main__ import make_test_card
+            >>> console = Console()
+            >>> with console.pager():
+                    console.print(make_test_card())
+
+        Returns:
+            PagerContext: A context manager.
+        """
+        return PagerContext(self, pager=pager, styles=styles, links=links)
+
+    def line(self, count: int = 1) -> None:
+        """Write new line(s).
+
+        Args:
+            count (int, optional): Number of new lines. Defaults to 1.
+        """
+
+        assert count >= 0, "count must be >= 0"
+        self.print(NewLine(count))
+
+    def clear(self, home: bool = True) -> None:
+        """Clear the screen.
+
+        Args:
+            home (bool, optional): Also move the cursor to 'home' position. Defaults to True.
+        """
+        if home:
+            self.control(Control.clear(), Control.home())
+        else:
+            self.control(Control.clear())
+
+    def status(
+        self,
+        status: RenderableType,
+        *,
+        spinner: str = "dots",
+        spinner_style: str = "status.spinner",
+        speed: float = 1.0,
+        refresh_per_second: float = 12.5,
+    ) -> "Status":
+        """Display a status and spinner.
+
+        Args:
+            status (RenderableType): A status renderable (str or Text typically).
+            spinner (str, optional): Name of spinner animation (see python -m rich.spinner). Defaults to "dots".
+            spinner_style (StyleType, optional): Style of spinner. Defaults to "status.spinner".
+            speed (float, optional): Speed factor for spinner animation. Defaults to 1.0.
+            refresh_per_second (float, optional): Number of refreshes per second. Defaults to 12.5.
+
+        Returns:
+            Status: A Status object that may be used as a context manager.
+        """
+        from .status import Status
+
+        status_renderable = Status(
+            status,
+            console=self,
+            spinner=spinner,
+            spinner_style=spinner_style,
+            speed=speed,
+            refresh_per_second=refresh_per_second,
+        )
+        return status_renderable
+
+    def show_cursor(self, show: bool = True) -> bool:
+        """Show or hide the cursor.
+
+        Args:
+            show (bool, optional): Set visibility of the cursor.
+        """
+        if self.is_terminal and not self.legacy_windows:
+            self.control(Control.show_cursor(show))
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def set_alt_screen(self, enable: bool = True) -> bool:
+        """Enables alternative screen mode.
+
+        Note, if you enable this mode, you should ensure that is disabled before
+        the application exits. See :meth:`~rich.Console.screen` for a context manager
+        that handles this for you.
+
+        Args:
+            enable (bool, optional): Enable (True) or disable (False) alternate screen. Defaults to True.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the control codes were written.
+
+        """
+        changed = False
+        if self.is_terminal and not self.legacy_windows:
+            self.control(Control.alt_screen(enable))
+            changed = True
+            self._is_alt_screen = enable
+        return changed
+
+    @property
+    def is_alt_screen(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the alt screen was enabled.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the alt screen was enabled, otherwise False.
+        """
+        return self._is_alt_screen
+
+    def screen(
+        self, hide_cursor: bool = True, style: Optional[StyleType] = None
+    ) -> "ScreenContext":
+        """Context manager to enable and disable 'alternative screen' mode.
+
+        Args:
+            hide_cursor (bool, optional): Also hide the cursor. Defaults to False.
+            style (Style, optional): Optional style for screen. Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            ~ScreenContext: Context which enables alternate screen on enter, and disables it on exit.
+        """
+        return ScreenContext(self, hide_cursor=hide_cursor, style=style or "")
+
+    def measure(
+        self, renderable: RenderableType, *, options: Optional[ConsoleOptions] = None
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        """Measure a renderable. Returns a :class:`~rich.measure.Measurement` object which contains
+        information regarding the number of characters required to print the renderable.
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType): Any renderable or string.
+            options (Optional[ConsoleOptions], optional): Options to use when measuring, or None
+                to use default options. Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Measurement: A measurement of the renderable.
+        """
+        measurement = Measurement.get(self, options or self.options, renderable)
+        return measurement
+
+    def render(
+        self, renderable: RenderableType, options: Optional[ConsoleOptions] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[Segment]:
+        """Render an object in to an iterable of `Segment` instances.
+
+        This method contains the logic for rendering objects with the console protocol.
+        You are unlikely to need to use it directly, unless you are extending the library.
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType): An object supporting the console protocol, or
+                an object that may be converted to a string.
+            options (ConsoleOptions, optional): An options object, or None to use self.options. Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Iterable[Segment]: An iterable of segments that may be rendered.
+        """
+
+        _options = options or self.options
+        if _options.max_width < 1:
+            # No space to render anything. This prevents potential recursion errors.
+            return
+        render_iterable: RenderResult
+
+        renderable = rich_cast(renderable)
+        if hasattr(renderable, "__rich_console__") and not isclass(renderable):
+            render_iterable = renderable.__rich_console__(self, _options)  # type: ignore
+        elif isinstance(renderable, str):
+            text_renderable = self.render_str(
+                renderable, highlight=_options.highlight, markup=_options.markup
+            )
+            render_iterable = text_renderable.__rich_console__(self, _options)
+        else:
+            raise errors.NotRenderableError(
+                f"Unable to render {renderable!r}; "
+                "A str, Segment or object with __rich_console__ method is required"
+            )
+
+        try:
+            iter_render = iter(render_iterable)
+        except TypeError:
+            raise errors.NotRenderableError(
+                f"object {render_iterable!r} is not renderable"
+            )
+        _Segment = Segment
+        for render_output in iter_render:
+            if isinstance(render_output, _Segment):
+                yield render_output
+            else:
+                yield from self.render(render_output, _options)
+
+    def render_lines(
+        self,
+        renderable: RenderableType,
+        options: Optional[ConsoleOptions] = None,
+        *,
+        style: Optional[Style] = None,
+        pad: bool = True,
+        new_lines: bool = False,
+    ) -> List[List[Segment]]:
+        """Render objects in to a list of lines.
+
+        The output of render_lines is useful when further formatting of rendered console text
+        is required, such as the Panel class which draws a border around any renderable object.
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType): Any object renderable in the console.
+            options (Optional[ConsoleOptions], optional): Console options, or None to use self.options. Default to ``None``.
+            style (Style, optional): Optional style to apply to renderables. Defaults to ``None``.
+            pad (bool, optional): Pad lines shorter than render width. Defaults to ``True``.
+            new_lines (bool, optional): Include "\n" characters at end of lines.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[List[Segment]]: A list of lines, where a line is a list of Segment objects.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            render_options = options or self.options
+            _rendered = self.render(renderable, render_options)
+            if style:
+                _rendered = Segment.apply_style(_rendered, style)
+            lines = list(
+                islice(
+                    Segment.split_and_crop_lines(
+                        _rendered,
+                        render_options.max_width,
+                        include_new_lines=new_lines,
+                        pad=pad,
+                    ),
+                    None,
+                    render_options.height,
+                )
+            )
+            if render_options.height is not None:
+                extra_lines = render_options.height - len(lines)
+                if extra_lines > 0:
+                    pad_line = [
+                        [Segment(" " * render_options.max_width, style), Segment("\n")]
+                        if new_lines
+                        else [Segment(" " * render_options.max_width, style)]
+                    ]
+                    lines.extend(pad_line * extra_lines)
+
+            return lines
+
+    def render_str(
+        self,
+        text: str,
+        *,
+        style: Union[str, Style] = "",
+        justify: Optional[JustifyMethod] = None,
+        overflow: Optional[OverflowMethod] = None,
+        emoji: Optional[bool] = None,
+        markup: Optional[bool] = None,
+        highlight: Optional[bool] = None,
+        highlighter: Optional[HighlighterType] = None,
+    ) -> "Text":
+        """Convert a string to a Text instance. This is is called automatically if
+        you print or log a string.
+
+        Args:
+            text (str): Text to render.
+            style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style to apply to rendered text.
+            justify (str, optional): Justify method: "default", "left", "center", "full", or "right". Defaults to ``None``.
+            overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", or "ellipsis". Defaults to ``None``.
+            emoji (Optional[bool], optional): Enable emoji, or ``None`` to use Console default.
+            markup (Optional[bool], optional): Enable markup, or ``None`` to use Console default.
+            highlight (Optional[bool], optional): Enable highlighting, or ``None`` to use Console default.
+            highlighter (HighlighterType, optional): Optional highlighter to apply.
+        Returns:
+            ConsoleRenderable: Renderable object.
+
+        """
+        emoji_enabled = emoji or (emoji is None and self._emoji)
+        markup_enabled = markup or (markup is None and self._markup)
+        highlight_enabled = highlight or (highlight is None and self._highlight)
+
+        if markup_enabled:
+            rich_text = render_markup(
+                text,
+                style=style,
+                emoji=emoji_enabled,
+                emoji_variant=self._emoji_variant,
+            )
+            rich_text.justify = justify
+            rich_text.overflow = overflow
+        else:
+            rich_text = Text(
+                _emoji_replace(text, default_variant=self._emoji_variant)
+                if emoji_enabled
+                else text,
+                justify=justify,
+                overflow=overflow,
+                style=style,
+            )
+
+        _highlighter = (highlighter or self.highlighter) if highlight_enabled else None
+        if _highlighter is not None:
+            highlight_text = _highlighter(str(rich_text))
+            highlight_text.copy_styles(rich_text)
+            return highlight_text
+
+        return rich_text
+
+    def get_style(
+        self, name: Union[str, Style], *, default: Optional[Union[Style, str]] = None
+    ) -> Style:
+        """Get a Style instance by it's theme name or parse a definition.
+
+        Args:
+            name (str): The name of a style or a style definition.
+
+        Returns:
+            Style: A Style object.
+
+        Raises:
+            MissingStyle: If no style could be parsed from name.
+
+        """
+        if isinstance(name, Style):
+            return name
+
+        try:
+            style = self._theme_stack.get(name)
+            if style is None:
+                style = Style.parse(name)
+            return style.copy() if style.link else style
+        except errors.StyleSyntaxError as error:
+            if default is not None:
+                return self.get_style(default)
+            raise errors.MissingStyle(
+                f"Failed to get style {name!r}; {error}"
+            ) from None
+
+    def _collect_renderables(
+        self,
+        objects: Iterable[Any],
+        sep: str,
+        end: str,
+        *,
+        justify: Optional[JustifyMethod] = None,
+        emoji: Optional[bool] = None,
+        markup: Optional[bool] = None,
+        highlight: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> List[ConsoleRenderable]:
+        """Combine a number of renderables and text into one renderable.
+
+        Args:
+            objects (Iterable[Any]): Anything that Rich can render.
+            sep (str): String to write between print data.
+            end (str): String to write at end of print data.
+            justify (str, optional): One of "left", "right", "center", or "full". Defaults to ``None``.
+            emoji (Optional[bool], optional): Enable emoji code, or ``None`` to use console default.
+            markup (Optional[bool], optional): Enable markup, or ``None`` to use console default.
+            highlight (Optional[bool], optional): Enable automatic highlighting, or ``None`` to use console default.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[ConsoleRenderable]: A list of things to render.
+        """
+        renderables: List[ConsoleRenderable] = []
+        _append = renderables.append
+        text: List[Text] = []
+        append_text = text.append
+
+        append = _append
+        if justify in ("left", "center", "right"):
+
+            def align_append(renderable: RenderableType) -> None:
+                _append(Align(renderable, cast(AlignMethod, justify)))
+
+            append = align_append
+
+        _highlighter: HighlighterType = _null_highlighter
+        if highlight or (highlight is None and self._highlight):
+            _highlighter = self.highlighter
+
+        def check_text() -> None:
+            if text:
+                sep_text = Text(sep, justify=justify, end=end)
+                append(sep_text.join(text))
+                del text[:]
+
+        for renderable in objects:
+            renderable = rich_cast(renderable)
+            if isinstance(renderable, str):
+                append_text(
+                    self.render_str(
+                        renderable, emoji=emoji, markup=markup, highlighter=_highlighter
+                    )
+                )
+            elif isinstance(renderable, Text):
+                append_text(renderable)
+            elif isinstance(renderable, ConsoleRenderable):
+                check_text()
+                append(renderable)
+            elif is_expandable(renderable):
+                check_text()
+                append(Pretty(renderable, highlighter=_highlighter))
+            else:
+                append_text(_highlighter(str(renderable)))
+
+        check_text()
+
+        if self.style is not None:
+            style = self.get_style(self.style)
+            renderables = [Styled(renderable, style) for renderable in renderables]
+
+        return renderables
+
+    def rule(
+        self,
+        title: TextType = "",
+        *,
+        characters: str = "─",
+        style: Union[str, Style] = "rule.line",
+        align: AlignMethod = "center",
+    ) -> None:
+        """Draw a line with optional centered title.
+
+        Args:
+            title (str, optional): Text to render over the rule. Defaults to "".
+            characters (str, optional): Character(s) to form the line. Defaults to "─".
+            style (str, optional): Style of line. Defaults to "rule.line".
+            align (str, optional): How to align the title, one of "left", "center", or "right". Defaults to "center".
+        """
+        from .rule import Rule
+
+        rule = Rule(title=title, characters=characters, style=style, align=align)
+        self.print(rule)
+
+    def control(self, *control: Control) -> None:
+        """Insert non-printing control codes.
+
+        Args:
+            control_codes (str): Control codes, such as those that may move the cursor.
+        """
+        if not self.is_dumb_terminal:
+            with self:
+                self._buffer.extend(_control.segment for _control in control)
+
+    def out(
+        self,
+        *objects: Any,
+        sep: str = " ",
+        end: str = "\n",
+        style: Optional[Union[str, Style]] = None,
+        highlight: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Output to the terminal. This is a low-level way of writing to the terminal which unlike
+        :meth:`~rich.console.Console.print` won't pretty print, wrap text, or apply markup, but will
+        optionally apply highlighting and a basic style.
+
+        Args:
+            sep (str, optional): String to write between print data. Defaults to " ".
+            end (str, optional): String to write at end of print data. Defaults to "\\\\n".
+            style (Union[str, Style], optional): A style to apply to output. Defaults to None.
+            highlight (Optional[bool], optional): Enable automatic highlighting, or ``None`` to use
+                console default. Defaults to ``None``.
+        """
+        raw_output: str = sep.join(str(_object) for _object in objects)
+        self.print(
+            raw_output,
+            style=style,
+            highlight=highlight,
+            emoji=False,
+            markup=False,
+            no_wrap=True,
+            overflow="ignore",
+            crop=False,
+            end=end,
+        )
+
+    def print(
+        self,
+        *objects: Any,
+        sep: str = " ",
+        end: str = "\n",
+        style: Optional[Union[str, Style]] = None,
+        justify: Optional[JustifyMethod] = None,
+        overflow: Optional[OverflowMethod] = None,
+        no_wrap: Optional[bool] = None,
+        emoji: Optional[bool] = None,
+        markup: Optional[bool] = None,
+        highlight: Optional[bool] = None,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        height: Optional[int] = None,
+        crop: bool = True,
+        soft_wrap: Optional[bool] = None,
+        new_line_start: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Print to the console.
+
+        Args:
+            objects (positional args): Objects to log to the terminal.
+            sep (str, optional): String to write between print data. Defaults to " ".
+            end (str, optional): String to write at end of print data. Defaults to "\\\\n".
+            style (Union[str, Style], optional): A style to apply to output. Defaults to None.
+            justify (str, optional): Justify method: "default", "left", "right", "center", or "full". Defaults to ``None``.
+            overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "ignore", "crop", "fold", or "ellipsis". Defaults to None.
+            no_wrap (Optional[bool], optional): Disable word wrapping. Defaults to None.
+            emoji (Optional[bool], optional): Enable emoji code, or ``None`` to use console default. Defaults to ``None``.
+            markup (Optional[bool], optional): Enable markup, or ``None`` to use console default. Defaults to ``None``.
+            highlight (Optional[bool], optional): Enable automatic highlighting, or ``None`` to use console default. Defaults to ``None``.
+            width (Optional[int], optional): Width of output, or ``None`` to auto-detect. Defaults to ``None``.
+            crop (Optional[bool], optional): Crop output to width of terminal. Defaults to True.
+            soft_wrap (bool, optional): Enable soft wrap mode which disables word wrapping and cropping of text or ``None`` for
+                Console default. Defaults to ``None``.
+            new_line_start (bool, False): Insert a new line at the start if the output contains more than one line. Defaults to ``False``.
+        """
+        if not objects:
+            objects = (NewLine(),)
+
+        if soft_wrap is None:
+            soft_wrap = self.soft_wrap
+        if soft_wrap:
+            if no_wrap is None:
+                no_wrap = True
+            if overflow is None:
+                overflow = "ignore"
+            crop = False
+        render_hooks = self._render_hooks[:]
+        with self:
+            renderables = self._collect_renderables(
+                objects,
+                sep,
+                end,
+                justify=justify,
+                emoji=emoji,
+                markup=markup,
+                highlight=highlight,
+            )
+            for hook in render_hooks:
+                renderables = hook.process_renderables(renderables)
+            render_options = self.options.update(
+                justify=justify,
+                overflow=overflow,
+                width=min(width, self.width) if width is not None else NO_CHANGE,
+                height=height,
+                no_wrap=no_wrap,
+                markup=markup,
+                highlight=highlight,
+            )
+
+            new_segments: List[Segment] = []
+            extend = new_segments.extend
+            render = self.render
+            if style is None:
+                for renderable in renderables:
+                    extend(render(renderable, render_options))
+            else:
+                for renderable in renderables:
+                    extend(
+                        Segment.apply_style(
+                            render(renderable, render_options), self.get_style(style)
+                        )
+                    )
+            if new_line_start:
+                if (
+                    len("".join(segment.text for segment in new_segments).splitlines())
+                    > 1
+                ):
+                    new_segments.insert(0, Segment.line())
+            if crop:
+                buffer_extend = self._buffer.extend
+                for line in Segment.split_and_crop_lines(
+                    new_segments, self.width, pad=False
+                ):
+                    buffer_extend(line)
+            else:
+                self._buffer.extend(new_segments)
+
+    def print_json(
+        self,
+        json: Optional[str] = None,
+        *,
+        data: Any = None,
+        indent: Union[None, int, str] = 2,
+        highlight: bool = True,
+        skip_keys: bool = False,
+        ensure_ascii: bool = True,
+        check_circular: bool = True,
+        allow_nan: bool = True,
+        default: Optional[Callable[[Any], Any]] = None,
+        sort_keys: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Pretty prints JSON. Output will be valid JSON.
+
+        Args:
+            json (Optional[str]): A string containing JSON.
+            data (Any): If json is not supplied, then encode this data.
+            indent (Union[None, int, str], optional): Number of spaces to indent. Defaults to 2.
+            highlight (bool, optional): Enable highlighting of output: Defaults to True.
+            skip_keys (bool, optional): Skip keys not of a basic type. Defaults to False.
+            ensure_ascii (bool, optional): Escape all non-ascii characters. Defaults to False.
+            check_circular (bool, optional): Check for circular references. Defaults to True.
+            allow_nan (bool, optional): Allow NaN and Infinity values. Defaults to True.
+            default (Callable, optional): A callable that converts values that can not be encoded
+                in to something that can be JSON encoded. Defaults to None.
+            sort_keys (bool, optional): Sort dictionary keys. Defaults to False.
+        """
+        from pip._vendor.rich.json import JSON
+
+        if json is None:
+            json_renderable = JSON.from_data(
+                data,
+                indent=indent,
+                highlight=highlight,
+                skip_keys=skip_keys,
+                ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
+                check_circular=check_circular,
+                allow_nan=allow_nan,
+                default=default,
+                sort_keys=sort_keys,
+            )
+        else:
+            if not isinstance(json, str):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    f"json must be str. Did you mean print_json(data={json!r}) ?"
+                )
+            json_renderable = JSON(
+                json,
+                indent=indent,
+                highlight=highlight,
+                skip_keys=skip_keys,
+                ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
+                check_circular=check_circular,
+                allow_nan=allow_nan,
+                default=default,
+                sort_keys=sort_keys,
+            )
+        self.print(json_renderable, soft_wrap=True)
+
+    def update_screen(
+        self,
+        renderable: RenderableType,
+        *,
+        region: Optional[Region] = None,
+        options: Optional[ConsoleOptions] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Update the screen at a given offset.
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType): A Rich renderable.
+            region (Region, optional): Region of screen to update, or None for entire screen. Defaults to None.
+            x (int, optional): x offset. Defaults to 0.
+            y (int, optional): y offset. Defaults to 0.
+
+        Raises:
+            errors.NoAltScreen: If the Console isn't in alt screen mode.
+
+        """
+        if not self.is_alt_screen:
+            raise errors.NoAltScreen("Alt screen must be enabled to call update_screen")
+        render_options = options or self.options
+        if region is None:
+            x = y = 0
+            render_options = render_options.update_dimensions(
+                render_options.max_width, render_options.height or self.height
+            )
+        else:
+            x, y, width, height = region
+            render_options = render_options.update_dimensions(width, height)
+
+        lines = self.render_lines(renderable, options=render_options)
+        self.update_screen_lines(lines, x, y)
+
+    def update_screen_lines(
+        self, lines: List[List[Segment]], x: int = 0, y: int = 0
+    ) -> None:
+        """Update lines of the screen at a given offset.
+
+        Args:
+            lines (List[List[Segment]]): Rendered lines (as produced by :meth:`~rich.Console.render_lines`).
+            x (int, optional): x offset (column no). Defaults to 0.
+            y (int, optional): y offset (column no). Defaults to 0.
+
+        Raises:
+            errors.NoAltScreen: If the Console isn't in alt screen mode.
+        """
+        if not self.is_alt_screen:
+            raise errors.NoAltScreen("Alt screen must be enabled to call update_screen")
+        screen_update = ScreenUpdate(lines, x, y)
+        segments = self.render(screen_update)
+        self._buffer.extend(segments)
+        self._check_buffer()
+
+    def print_exception(
+        self,
+        *,
+        width: Optional[int] = 100,
+        extra_lines: int = 3,
+        theme: Optional[str] = None,
+        word_wrap: bool = False,
+        show_locals: bool = False,
+        suppress: Iterable[Union[str, ModuleType]] = (),
+        max_frames: int = 100,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Prints a rich render of the last exception and traceback.
+
+        Args:
+            width (Optional[int], optional): Number of characters used to render code. Defaults to 88.
+            extra_lines (int, optional): Additional lines of code to render. Defaults to 3.
+            theme (str, optional): Override pygments theme used in traceback
+            word_wrap (bool, optional): Enable word wrapping of long lines. Defaults to False.
+            show_locals (bool, optional): Enable display of local variables. Defaults to False.
+            suppress (Iterable[Union[str, ModuleType]]): Optional sequence of modules or paths to exclude from traceback.
+            max_frames (int): Maximum number of frames to show in a traceback, 0 for no maximum. Defaults to 100.
+        """
+        from .traceback import Traceback
+
+        traceback = Traceback(
+            width=width,
+            extra_lines=extra_lines,
+            theme=theme,
+            word_wrap=word_wrap,
+            show_locals=show_locals,
+            suppress=suppress,
+            max_frames=max_frames,
+        )
+        self.print(traceback)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _caller_frame_info(
+        offset: int,
+        currentframe: Callable[[], Optional[FrameType]] = inspect.currentframe,
+    ) -> Tuple[str, int, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get caller frame information.
+
+        Args:
+            offset (int): the caller offset within the current frame stack.
+            currentframe (Callable[[], Optional[FrameType]], optional): the callable to use to
+                retrieve the current frame. Defaults to ``inspect.currentframe``.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[str, int, Dict[str, Any]]: A tuple containing the filename, the line number and
+                the dictionary of local variables associated with the caller frame.
+
+        Raises:
+            RuntimeError: If the stack offset is invalid.
+        """
+        # Ignore the frame of this local helper
+        offset += 1
+
+        frame = currentframe()
+        if frame is not None:
+            # Use the faster currentframe where implemented
+            while offset and frame:
+                frame = frame.f_back
+                offset -= 1
+            assert frame is not None
+            return frame.f_code.co_filename, frame.f_lineno, frame.f_locals
+        else:
+            # Fallback to the slower stack
+            frame_info = inspect.stack()[offset]
+            return frame_info.filename, frame_info.lineno, frame_info.frame.f_locals
+
+    def log(
+        self,
+        *objects: Any,
+        sep: str = " ",
+        end: str = "\n",
+        style: Optional[Union[str, Style]] = None,
+        justify: Optional[JustifyMethod] = None,
+        emoji: Optional[bool] = None,
+        markup: Optional[bool] = None,
+        highlight: Optional[bool] = None,
+        log_locals: bool = False,
+        _stack_offset: int = 1,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Log rich content to the terminal.
+
+        Args:
+            objects (positional args): Objects to log to the terminal.
+            sep (str, optional): String to write between print data. Defaults to " ".
+            end (str, optional): String to write at end of print data. Defaults to "\\\\n".
+            style (Union[str, Style], optional): A style to apply to output. Defaults to None.
+            justify (str, optional): One of "left", "right", "center", or "full". Defaults to ``None``.
+            overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", or "ellipsis". Defaults to None.
+            emoji (Optional[bool], optional): Enable emoji code, or ``None`` to use console default. Defaults to None.
+            markup (Optional[bool], optional): Enable markup, or ``None`` to use console default. Defaults to None.
+            highlight (Optional[bool], optional): Enable automatic highlighting, or ``None`` to use console default. Defaults to None.
+            log_locals (bool, optional): Boolean to enable logging of locals where ``log()``
+                was called. Defaults to False.
+            _stack_offset (int, optional): Offset of caller from end of call stack. Defaults to 1.
+        """
+        if not objects:
+            objects = (NewLine(),)
+
+        render_hooks = self._render_hooks[:]
+
+        with self:
+            renderables = self._collect_renderables(
+                objects,
+                sep,
+                end,
+                justify=justify,
+                emoji=emoji,
+                markup=markup,
+                highlight=highlight,
+            )
+            if style is not None:
+                renderables = [Styled(renderable, style) for renderable in renderables]
+
+            filename, line_no, locals = self._caller_frame_info(_stack_offset)
+            link_path = None if filename.startswith("<") else os.path.abspath(filename)
+            path = filename.rpartition(os.sep)[-1]
+            if log_locals:
+                locals_map = {
+                    key: value
+                    for key, value in locals.items()
+                    if not key.startswith("__")
+                }
+                renderables.append(render_scope(locals_map, title="[i]locals"))
+
+            renderables = [
+                self._log_render(
+                    self,
+                    renderables,
+                    log_time=self.get_datetime(),
+                    path=path,
+                    line_no=line_no,
+                    link_path=link_path,
+                )
+            ]
+            for hook in render_hooks:
+                renderables = hook.process_renderables(renderables)
+            new_segments: List[Segment] = []
+            extend = new_segments.extend
+            render = self.render
+            render_options = self.options
+            for renderable in renderables:
+                extend(render(renderable, render_options))
+            buffer_extend = self._buffer.extend
+            for line in Segment.split_and_crop_lines(
+                new_segments, self.width, pad=False
+            ):
+                buffer_extend(line)
+
+    def _check_buffer(self) -> None:
+        """Check if the buffer may be rendered."""
+        if self.quiet:
+            del self._buffer[:]
+            return
+        with self._lock:
+            if self._buffer_index == 0:
+                if self.is_jupyter:  # pragma: no cover
+                    from .jupyter import display
+
+                    display(self._buffer, self._render_buffer(self._buffer[:]))
+                    del self._buffer[:]
+                else:
+                    text = self._render_buffer(self._buffer[:])
+                    del self._buffer[:]
+                    if text:
+                        try:
+                            if WINDOWS:  # pragma: no cover
+                                # https://bugs.python.org/issue37871
+                                write = self.file.write
+                                for line in text.splitlines(True):
+                                    write(line)
+                            else:
+                                self.file.write(text)
+                            self.file.flush()
+                        except UnicodeEncodeError as error:
+                            error.reason = f"{error.reason}\n*** You may need to add PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8 to your environment ***"
+                            raise
+
+    def _render_buffer(self, buffer: Iterable[Segment]) -> str:
+        """Render buffered output, and clear buffer."""
+        output: List[str] = []
+        append = output.append
+        color_system = self._color_system
+        legacy_windows = self.legacy_windows
+        if self.record:
+            with self._record_buffer_lock:
+                self._record_buffer.extend(buffer)
+        not_terminal = not self.is_terminal
+        if self.no_color and color_system:
+            buffer = Segment.remove_color(buffer)
+        for text, style, control in buffer:
+            if style:
+                append(
+                    style.render(
+                        text,
+                        color_system=color_system,
+                        legacy_windows=legacy_windows,
+                    )
+                )
+            elif not (not_terminal and control):
+                append(text)
+
+        rendered = "".join(output)
+        return rendered
+
+    def input(
+        self,
+        prompt: TextType = "",
+        *,
+        markup: bool = True,
+        emoji: bool = True,
+        password: bool = False,
+        stream: Optional[TextIO] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Displays a prompt and waits for input from the user. The prompt may contain color / style.
+
+        It works in the same way as Python's builtin :func:`input` function and provides elaborate line editing and history features if Python's builtin :mod:`readline` module is previously loaded.
+
+        Args:
+            prompt (Union[str, Text]): Text to render in the prompt.
+            markup (bool, optional): Enable console markup (requires a str prompt). Defaults to True.
+            emoji (bool, optional): Enable emoji (requires a str prompt). Defaults to True.
+            password: (bool, optional): Hide typed text. Defaults to False.
+            stream: (TextIO, optional): Optional file to read input from (rather than stdin). Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: Text read from stdin.
+        """
+        prompt_str = ""
+        if prompt:
+            with self.capture() as capture:
+                self.print(prompt, markup=markup, emoji=emoji, end="")
+            prompt_str = capture.get()
+        if self.legacy_windows:
+            # Legacy windows doesn't like ANSI codes in getpass or input (colorama bug)?
+            self.file.write(prompt_str)
+            prompt_str = ""
+        if password:
+            result = getpass(prompt_str, stream=stream)
+        else:
+            if stream:
+                self.file.write(prompt_str)
+                result = stream.readline()
+            else:
+                result = input(prompt_str)
+        return result
+
+    def export_text(self, *, clear: bool = True, styles: bool = False) -> str:
+        """Generate text from console contents (requires record=True argument in constructor).
+
+        Args:
+            clear (bool, optional): Clear record buffer after exporting. Defaults to ``True``.
+            styles (bool, optional): If ``True``, ansi escape codes will be included. ``False`` for plain text.
+                Defaults to ``False``.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: String containing console contents.
+
+        """
+        assert (
+            self.record
+        ), "To export console contents set record=True in the constructor or instance"
+
+        with self._record_buffer_lock:
+            if styles:
+                text = "".join(
+                    (style.render(text) if style else text)
+                    for text, style, _ in self._record_buffer
+                )
+            else:
+                text = "".join(
+                    segment.text
+                    for segment in self._record_buffer
+                    if not segment.control
+                )
+            if clear:
+                del self._record_buffer[:]
+        return text
+
+    def save_text(self, path: str, *, clear: bool = True, styles: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Generate text from console and save to a given location (requires record=True argument in constructor).
+
+        Args:
+            path (str): Path to write text files.
+            clear (bool, optional): Clear record buffer after exporting. Defaults to ``True``.
+            styles (bool, optional): If ``True``, ansi style codes will be included. ``False`` for plain text.
+                Defaults to ``False``.
+
+        """
+        text = self.export_text(clear=clear, styles=styles)
+        with open(path, "wt", encoding="utf-8") as write_file:
+            write_file.write(text)
+
+    def export_html(
+        self,
+        *,
+        theme: Optional[TerminalTheme] = None,
+        clear: bool = True,
+        code_format: Optional[str] = None,
+        inline_styles: bool = False,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Generate HTML from console contents (requires record=True argument in constructor).
+
+        Args:
+            theme (TerminalTheme, optional): TerminalTheme object containing console colors.
+            clear (bool, optional): Clear record buffer after exporting. Defaults to ``True``.
+            code_format (str, optional): Format string to render HTML, should contain {foreground}
+                {background} and {code}.
+            inline_styles (bool, optional): If ``True`` styles will be inlined in to spans, which makes files
+                larger but easier to cut and paste markup. If ``False``, styles will be embedded in a style tag.
+                Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: String containing console contents as HTML.
+        """
+        assert (
+            self.record
+        ), "To export console contents set record=True in the constructor or instance"
+        fragments: List[str] = []
+        append = fragments.append
+        _theme = theme or DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME
+        stylesheet = ""
+
+        render_code_format = CONSOLE_HTML_FORMAT if code_format is None else code_format
+
+        with self._record_buffer_lock:
+            if inline_styles:
+                for text, style, _ in Segment.filter_control(
+                    Segment.simplify(self._record_buffer)
+                ):
+                    text = escape(text)
+                    if style:
+                        rule = style.get_html_style(_theme)
+                        if style.link:
+                            text = f'<a href="{style.link}">{text}</a>'
+                        text = f'<span style="{rule}">{text}</span>' if rule else text
+                    append(text)
+            else:
+                styles: Dict[str, int] = {}
+                for text, style, _ in Segment.filter_control(
+                    Segment.simplify(self._record_buffer)
+                ):
+                    text = escape(text)
+                    if style:
+                        rule = style.get_html_style(_theme)
+                        style_number = styles.setdefault(rule, len(styles) + 1)
+                        if style.link:
+                            text = f'<a class="r{style_number}" href="{style.link}">{text}</a>'
+                        else:
+                            text = f'<span class="r{style_number}">{text}</span>'
+                    append(text)
+                stylesheet_rules: List[str] = []
+                stylesheet_append = stylesheet_rules.append
+                for style_rule, style_number in styles.items():
+                    if style_rule:
+                        stylesheet_append(f".r{style_number} {{{style_rule}}}")
+                stylesheet = "\n".join(stylesheet_rules)
+
+            rendered_code = render_code_format.format(
+                code="".join(fragments),
+                stylesheet=stylesheet,
+                foreground=_theme.foreground_color.hex,
+                background=_theme.background_color.hex,
+            )
+            if clear:
+                del self._record_buffer[:]
+        return rendered_code
+
+    def save_html(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        *,
+        theme: Optional[TerminalTheme] = None,
+        clear: bool = True,
+        code_format: str = CONSOLE_HTML_FORMAT,
+        inline_styles: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Generate HTML from console contents and write to a file (requires record=True argument in constructor).
+
+        Args:
+            path (str): Path to write html file.
+            theme (TerminalTheme, optional): TerminalTheme object containing console colors.
+            clear (bool, optional): Clear record buffer after exporting. Defaults to ``True``.
+            code_format (str, optional): Format string to render HTML, should contain {foreground}
+                {background} and {code}.
+            inline_styles (bool, optional): If ``True`` styles will be inlined in to spans, which makes files
+                larger but easier to cut and paste markup. If ``False``, styles will be embedded in a style tag.
+                Defaults to False.
+
+        """
+        html = self.export_html(
+            theme=theme,
+            clear=clear,
+            code_format=code_format,
+            inline_styles=inline_styles,
+        )
+        with open(path, "wt", encoding="utf-8") as write_file:
+            write_file.write(html)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    console = Console()
+
+    console.log(
+        "JSONRPC [i]request[/i]",
+        5,
+        1.3,
+        True,
+        False,
+        None,
+        {
+            "jsonrpc": "2.0",
+            "method": "subtract",
+            "params": {"minuend": 42, "subtrahend": 23},
+            "id": 3,
+        },
+    )
+
+    console.log("Hello, World!", "{'a': 1}", repr(console))
+
+    console.print(
+        {
+            "name": None,
+            "empty": [],
+            "quiz": {
+                "sport": {
+                    "answered": True,
+                    "q1": {
+                        "question": "Which one is correct team name in NBA?",
+                        "options": [
+                            "New York Bulls",
+                            "Los Angeles Kings",
+                            "Golden State Warriors",
+                            "Huston Rocket",
+                        ],
+                        "answer": "Huston Rocket",
+                    },
+                },
+                "maths": {
+                    "answered": False,
+                    "q1": {
+                        "question": "5 + 7 = ?",
+                        "options": [10, 11, 12, 13],
+                        "answer": 12,
+                    },
+                    "q2": {
+                        "question": "12 - 8 = ?",
+                        "options": [1, 2, 3, 4],
+                        "answer": 4,
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        }
+    )
+    console.log("foo")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/constrain.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/constrain.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65fdf56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/constrain.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderableType, RenderResult
+
+
+class Constrain(JupyterMixin):
+    """Constrain the width of a renderable to a given number of characters.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType): A renderable object.
+        width (int, optional): The maximum width (in characters) to render. Defaults to 80.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, renderable: "RenderableType", width: Optional[int] = 80) -> None:
+        self.renderable = renderable
+        self.width = width
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        if self.width is None:
+            yield self.renderable
+        else:
+            child_options = options.update_width(min(self.width, options.max_width))
+            yield from console.render(self.renderable, child_options)
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        if self.width is not None:
+            options = options.update_width(self.width)
+        measurement = Measurement.get(console, options, self.renderable)
+        return measurement
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/containers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/containers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e29cf36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/containers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+from itertools import zip_longest
+from typing import (
+    Iterator,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Union,
+    overload,
+    TypeVar,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import (
+        Console,
+        ConsoleOptions,
+        JustifyMethod,
+        OverflowMethod,
+        RenderResult,
+        RenderableType,
+    )
+    from .text import Text
+
+from .cells import cell_len
+from .measure import Measurement
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+class Renderables:
+    """A list subclass which renders its contents to the console."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, renderables: Optional[Iterable["RenderableType"]] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        self._renderables: List["RenderableType"] = (
+            list(renderables) if renderables is not None else []
+        )
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        """Console render method to insert line-breaks."""
+        yield from self._renderables
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        dimensions = [
+            Measurement.get(console, options, renderable)
+            for renderable in self._renderables
+        ]
+        if not dimensions:
+            return Measurement(1, 1)
+        _min = max(dimension.minimum for dimension in dimensions)
+        _max = max(dimension.maximum for dimension in dimensions)
+        return Measurement(_min, _max)
+
+    def append(self, renderable: "RenderableType") -> None:
+        self._renderables.append(renderable)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterable["RenderableType"]:
+        return iter(self._renderables)
+
+
+class Lines:
+    """A list subclass which can render to the console."""
+
+    def __init__(self, lines: Iterable["Text"] = ()) -> None:
+        self._lines: List["Text"] = list(lines)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Lines({self._lines!r})"
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator["Text"]:
+        return iter(self._lines)
+
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: int) -> "Text":
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: slice) -> List["Text"]:
+        ...
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index: Union[slice, int]) -> Union["Text", List["Text"]]:
+        return self._lines[index]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, index: int, value: "Text") -> "Lines":
+        self._lines[index] = value
+        return self
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return self._lines.__len__()
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        """Console render method to insert line-breaks."""
+        yield from self._lines
+
+    def append(self, line: "Text") -> None:
+        self._lines.append(line)
+
+    def extend(self, lines: Iterable["Text"]) -> None:
+        self._lines.extend(lines)
+
+    def pop(self, index: int = -1) -> "Text":
+        return self._lines.pop(index)
+
+    def justify(
+        self,
+        console: "Console",
+        width: int,
+        justify: "JustifyMethod" = "left",
+        overflow: "OverflowMethod" = "fold",
+    ) -> None:
+        """Justify and overflow text to a given width.
+
+        Args:
+            console (Console): Console instance.
+            width (int): Number of characters per line.
+            justify (str, optional): Default justify method for text: "left", "center", "full" or "right". Defaults to "left".
+            overflow (str, optional): Default overflow for text: "crop", "fold", or "ellipsis". Defaults to "fold".
+
+        """
+        from .text import Text
+
+        if justify == "left":
+            for line in self._lines:
+                line.truncate(width, overflow=overflow, pad=True)
+        elif justify == "center":
+            for line in self._lines:
+                line.rstrip()
+                line.truncate(width, overflow=overflow)
+                line.pad_left((width - cell_len(line.plain)) // 2)
+                line.pad_right(width - cell_len(line.plain))
+        elif justify == "right":
+            for line in self._lines:
+                line.rstrip()
+                line.truncate(width, overflow=overflow)
+                line.pad_left(width - cell_len(line.plain))
+        elif justify == "full":
+            for line_index, line in enumerate(self._lines):
+                if line_index == len(self._lines) - 1:
+                    break
+                words = line.split(" ")
+                words_size = sum(cell_len(word.plain) for word in words)
+                num_spaces = len(words) - 1
+                spaces = [1 for _ in range(num_spaces)]
+                index = 0
+                if spaces:
+                    while words_size + num_spaces < width:
+                        spaces[len(spaces) - index - 1] += 1
+                        num_spaces += 1
+                        index = (index + 1) % len(spaces)
+                tokens: List[Text] = []
+                for index, (word, next_word) in enumerate(
+                    zip_longest(words, words[1:])
+                ):
+                    tokens.append(word)
+                    if index < len(spaces):
+                        style = word.get_style_at_offset(console, -1)
+                        next_style = next_word.get_style_at_offset(console, 0)
+                        space_style = style if style == next_style else line.style
+                        tokens.append(Text(" " * spaces[index], style=space_style))
+                self[line_index] = Text("").join(tokens)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/control.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/control.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c98d0d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/control.py
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, TYPE_CHECKING, Union
+
+from .segment import ControlCode, ControlType, Segment
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult
+
+STRIP_CONTROL_CODES = [
+    8,  # Backspace
+    11,  # Vertical tab
+    12,  # Form feed
+    13,  # Carriage return
+]
+_CONTROL_TRANSLATE = {_codepoint: None for _codepoint in STRIP_CONTROL_CODES}
+
+
+CONTROL_CODES_FORMAT: Dict[int, Callable[..., str]] = {
+    ControlType.BELL: lambda: "\x07",
+    ControlType.CARRIAGE_RETURN: lambda: "\r",
+    ControlType.HOME: lambda: "\x1b[H",
+    ControlType.CLEAR: lambda: "\x1b[2J",
+    ControlType.ENABLE_ALT_SCREEN: lambda: "\x1b[?1049h",
+    ControlType.DISABLE_ALT_SCREEN: lambda: "\x1b[?1049l",
+    ControlType.SHOW_CURSOR: lambda: "\x1b[?25h",
+    ControlType.HIDE_CURSOR: lambda: "\x1b[?25l",
+    ControlType.CURSOR_UP: lambda param: f"\x1b[{param}A",
+    ControlType.CURSOR_DOWN: lambda param: f"\x1b[{param}B",
+    ControlType.CURSOR_FORWARD: lambda param: f"\x1b[{param}C",
+    ControlType.CURSOR_BACKWARD: lambda param: f"\x1b[{param}D",
+    ControlType.CURSOR_MOVE_TO_COLUMN: lambda param: f"\x1b[{param+1}G",
+    ControlType.ERASE_IN_LINE: lambda param: f"\x1b[{param}K",
+    ControlType.CURSOR_MOVE_TO: lambda x, y: f"\x1b[{y+1};{x+1}H",
+}
+
+
+class Control:
+    """A renderable that inserts a control code (non printable but may move cursor).
+
+    Args:
+        *codes (str): Positional arguments are either a :class:`~rich.segment.ControlType` enum or a
+            tuple of ControlType and an integer parameter
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["segment"]
+
+    def __init__(self, *codes: Union[ControlType, ControlCode]) -> None:
+        control_codes: List[ControlCode] = [
+            (code,) if isinstance(code, ControlType) else code for code in codes
+        ]
+        _format_map = CONTROL_CODES_FORMAT
+        rendered_codes = "".join(
+            _format_map[code](*parameters) for code, *parameters in control_codes
+        )
+        self.segment = Segment(rendered_codes, None, control_codes)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def bell(cls) -> "Control":
+        """Ring the 'bell'."""
+        return cls(ControlType.BELL)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def home(cls) -> "Control":
+        """Move cursor to 'home' position."""
+        return cls(ControlType.HOME)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def move(cls, x: int = 0, y: int = 0) -> "Control":
+        """Move cursor relative to current position.
+
+        Args:
+            x (int): X offset.
+            y (int): Y offset.
+
+        Returns:
+            ~Control: Control object.
+
+        """
+
+        def get_codes() -> Iterable[ControlCode]:
+            control = ControlType
+            if x:
+                yield (
+                    control.CURSOR_FORWARD if x > 0 else control.CURSOR_BACKWARD,
+                    abs(x),
+                )
+            if y:
+                yield (
+                    control.CURSOR_DOWN if y > 0 else control.CURSOR_UP,
+                    abs(y),
+                )
+
+        control = cls(*get_codes())
+        return control
+
+    @classmethod
+    def move_to_column(cls, x: int, y: int = 0) -> "Control":
+        """Move to the given column, optionally add offset to row.
+
+        Returns:
+            x (int): absolute x (column)
+            y (int): optional y offset (row)
+
+        Returns:
+            ~Control: Control object.
+        """
+
+        return (
+            cls(
+                (ControlType.CURSOR_MOVE_TO_COLUMN, x),
+                (
+                    ControlType.CURSOR_DOWN if y > 0 else ControlType.CURSOR_UP,
+                    abs(y),
+                ),
+            )
+            if y
+            else cls((ControlType.CURSOR_MOVE_TO_COLUMN, x))
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def move_to(cls, x: int, y: int) -> "Control":
+        """Move cursor to absolute position.
+
+        Args:
+            x (int): x offset (column)
+            y (int): y offset (row)
+
+        Returns:
+            ~Control: Control object.
+        """
+        return cls((ControlType.CURSOR_MOVE_TO, x, y))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def clear(cls) -> "Control":
+        """Clear the screen."""
+        return cls(ControlType.CLEAR)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def show_cursor(cls, show: bool) -> "Control":
+        """Show or hide the cursor."""
+        return cls(ControlType.SHOW_CURSOR if show else ControlType.HIDE_CURSOR)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def alt_screen(cls, enable: bool) -> "Control":
+        """Enable or disable alt screen."""
+        if enable:
+            return cls(ControlType.ENABLE_ALT_SCREEN, ControlType.HOME)
+        else:
+            return cls(ControlType.DISABLE_ALT_SCREEN)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.segment.text
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        if self.segment.text:
+            yield self.segment
+
+
+def strip_control_codes(
+    text: str, _translate_table: Dict[int, None] = _CONTROL_TRANSLATE
+) -> str:
+    """Remove control codes from text.
+
+    Args:
+        text (str): A string possibly contain control codes.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: String with control codes removed.
+    """
+    return text.translate(_translate_table)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    print(strip_control_codes("hello\rWorld"))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/default_styles.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/default_styles.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91ab232
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/default_styles.py
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+from typing import Dict
+
+from .style import Style
+
+
+DEFAULT_STYLES: Dict[str, Style] = {
+    "none": Style.null(),
+    "reset": Style(
+        color="default",
+        bgcolor="default",
+        dim=False,
+        bold=False,
+        italic=False,
+        underline=False,
+        blink=False,
+        blink2=False,
+        reverse=False,
+        conceal=False,
+        strike=False,
+    ),
+    "dim": Style(dim=True),
+    "bright": Style(dim=False),
+    "bold": Style(bold=True),
+    "strong": Style(bold=True),
+    "code": Style(reverse=True, bold=True),
+    "italic": Style(italic=True),
+    "emphasize": Style(italic=True),
+    "underline": Style(underline=True),
+    "blink": Style(blink=True),
+    "blink2": Style(blink2=True),
+    "reverse": Style(reverse=True),
+    "strike": Style(strike=True),
+    "black": Style(color="black"),
+    "red": Style(color="red"),
+    "green": Style(color="green"),
+    "yellow": Style(color="yellow"),
+    "magenta": Style(color="magenta"),
+    "cyan": Style(color="cyan"),
+    "white": Style(color="white"),
+    "inspect.attr": Style(color="yellow", italic=True),
+    "inspect.attr.dunder": Style(color="yellow", italic=True, dim=True),
+    "inspect.callable": Style(bold=True, color="red"),
+    "inspect.def": Style(italic=True, color="bright_cyan"),
+    "inspect.error": Style(bold=True, color="red"),
+    "inspect.equals": Style(),
+    "inspect.help": Style(color="cyan"),
+    "inspect.doc": Style(dim=True),
+    "inspect.value.border": Style(color="green"),
+    "live.ellipsis": Style(bold=True, color="red"),
+    "layout.tree.row": Style(dim=False, color="red"),
+    "layout.tree.column": Style(dim=False, color="blue"),
+    "logging.keyword": Style(bold=True, color="yellow"),
+    "logging.level.notset": Style(dim=True),
+    "logging.level.debug": Style(color="green"),
+    "logging.level.info": Style(color="blue"),
+    "logging.level.warning": Style(color="red"),
+    "logging.level.error": Style(color="red", bold=True),
+    "logging.level.critical": Style(color="red", bold=True, reverse=True),
+    "log.level": Style.null(),
+    "log.time": Style(color="cyan", dim=True),
+    "log.message": Style.null(),
+    "log.path": Style(dim=True),
+    "repr.ellipsis": Style(color="yellow"),
+    "repr.indent": Style(color="green", dim=True),
+    "repr.error": Style(color="red", bold=True),
+    "repr.str": Style(color="green", italic=False, bold=False),
+    "repr.brace": Style(bold=True),
+    "repr.comma": Style(bold=True),
+    "repr.ipv4": Style(bold=True, color="bright_green"),
+    "repr.ipv6": Style(bold=True, color="bright_green"),
+    "repr.eui48": Style(bold=True, color="bright_green"),
+    "repr.eui64": Style(bold=True, color="bright_green"),
+    "repr.tag_start": Style(bold=True),
+    "repr.tag_name": Style(color="bright_magenta", bold=True),
+    "repr.tag_contents": Style(color="default"),
+    "repr.tag_end": Style(bold=True),
+    "repr.attrib_name": Style(color="yellow", italic=False),
+    "repr.attrib_equal": Style(bold=True),
+    "repr.attrib_value": Style(color="magenta", italic=False),
+    "repr.number": Style(color="cyan", bold=True, italic=False),
+    "repr.bool_true": Style(color="bright_green", italic=True),
+    "repr.bool_false": Style(color="bright_red", italic=True),
+    "repr.none": Style(color="magenta", italic=True),
+    "repr.url": Style(underline=True, color="bright_blue", italic=False, bold=False),
+    "repr.uuid": Style(color="bright_yellow", bold=False),
+    "repr.call": Style(color="magenta", bold=True),
+    "repr.path": Style(color="magenta"),
+    "repr.filename": Style(color="bright_magenta"),
+    "rule.line": Style(color="bright_green"),
+    "rule.text": Style.null(),
+    "json.brace": Style(bold=True),
+    "json.bool_true": Style(color="bright_green", italic=True),
+    "json.bool_false": Style(color="bright_red", italic=True),
+    "json.null": Style(color="magenta", italic=True),
+    "json.number": Style(color="cyan", bold=True, italic=False),
+    "json.str": Style(color="green", italic=False, bold=False),
+    "json.key": Style(color="blue", bold=True),
+    "prompt": Style.null(),
+    "prompt.choices": Style(color="magenta", bold=True),
+    "prompt.default": Style(color="cyan", bold=True),
+    "prompt.invalid": Style(color="red"),
+    "prompt.invalid.choice": Style(color="red"),
+    "pretty": Style.null(),
+    "scope.border": Style(color="blue"),
+    "scope.key": Style(color="yellow", italic=True),
+    "scope.key.special": Style(color="yellow", italic=True, dim=True),
+    "scope.equals": Style(color="red"),
+    "table.header": Style(bold=True),
+    "table.footer": Style(bold=True),
+    "table.cell": Style.null(),
+    "table.title": Style(italic=True),
+    "table.caption": Style(italic=True, dim=True),
+    "traceback.error": Style(color="red", italic=True),
+    "traceback.border.syntax_error": Style(color="bright_red"),
+    "traceback.border": Style(color="red"),
+    "traceback.text": Style.null(),
+    "traceback.title": Style(color="red", bold=True),
+    "traceback.exc_type": Style(color="bright_red", bold=True),
+    "traceback.exc_value": Style.null(),
+    "traceback.offset": Style(color="bright_red", bold=True),
+    "bar.back": Style(color="grey23"),
+    "bar.complete": Style(color="rgb(249,38,114)"),
+    "bar.finished": Style(color="rgb(114,156,31)"),
+    "bar.pulse": Style(color="rgb(249,38,114)"),
+    "progress.description": Style.null(),
+    "progress.filesize": Style(color="green"),
+    "progress.filesize.total": Style(color="green"),
+    "progress.download": Style(color="green"),
+    "progress.elapsed": Style(color="yellow"),
+    "progress.percentage": Style(color="magenta"),
+    "progress.remaining": Style(color="cyan"),
+    "progress.data.speed": Style(color="red"),
+    "progress.spinner": Style(color="green"),
+    "status.spinner": Style(color="green"),
+    "tree": Style(),
+    "tree.line": Style(),
+    "markdown.paragraph": Style(),
+    "markdown.text": Style(),
+    "markdown.emph": Style(italic=True),
+    "markdown.strong": Style(bold=True),
+    "markdown.code": Style(bgcolor="black", color="bright_white"),
+    "markdown.code_block": Style(dim=True, color="cyan", bgcolor="black"),
+    "markdown.block_quote": Style(color="magenta"),
+    "markdown.list": Style(color="cyan"),
+    "markdown.item": Style(),
+    "markdown.item.bullet": Style(color="yellow", bold=True),
+    "markdown.item.number": Style(color="yellow", bold=True),
+    "markdown.hr": Style(color="yellow"),
+    "markdown.h1.border": Style(),
+    "markdown.h1": Style(bold=True),
+    "markdown.h2": Style(bold=True, underline=True),
+    "markdown.h3": Style(bold=True),
+    "markdown.h4": Style(bold=True, dim=True),
+    "markdown.h5": Style(underline=True),
+    "markdown.h6": Style(italic=True),
+    "markdown.h7": Style(italic=True, dim=True),
+    "markdown.link": Style(color="bright_blue"),
+    "markdown.link_url": Style(color="blue"),
+}
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import argparse
+    import io
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+    from pip._vendor.rich.table import Table
+    from pip._vendor.rich.text import Text
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument("--html", action="store_true", help="Export as HTML table")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    html: bool = args.html
+    console = Console(record=True, width=70, file=io.StringIO()) if html else Console()
+
+    table = Table("Name", "Styling")
+
+    for style_name, style in DEFAULT_STYLES.items():
+        table.add_row(Text(style_name, style=style), str(style))
+
+    console.print(table)
+    if html:
+        print(console.export_html(inline_styles=True))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/diagnose.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/diagnose.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38728da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/diagnose.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+    from pip._vendor.rich import inspect
+
+    console = Console()
+    inspect(console)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/emoji.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/emoji.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..791f046
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/emoji.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+import sys
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Union
+
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import Style
+from ._emoji_codes import EMOJI
+from ._emoji_replace import _emoji_replace
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Literal
+else:
+    from pip._vendor.typing_extensions import Literal  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult
+
+
+EmojiVariant = Literal["emoji", "text"]
+
+
+class NoEmoji(Exception):
+    """No emoji by that name."""
+
+
+class Emoji(JupyterMixin):
+    __slots__ = ["name", "style", "_char", "variant"]
+
+    VARIANTS = {"text": "\uFE0E", "emoji": "\uFE0F"}
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        style: Union[str, Style] = "none",
+        variant: Optional[EmojiVariant] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """A single emoji character.
+
+        Args:
+            name (str): Name of emoji.
+            style (Union[str, Style], optional): Optional style. Defaults to None.
+
+        Raises:
+            NoEmoji: If the emoji doesn't exist.
+        """
+        self.name = name
+        self.style = style
+        self.variant = variant
+        try:
+            self._char = EMOJI[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise NoEmoji(f"No emoji called {name!r}")
+        if variant is not None:
+            self._char += self.VARIANTS.get(variant, "")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def replace(cls, text: str) -> str:
+        """Replace emoji markup with corresponding unicode characters.
+
+        Args:
+            text (str): A string with emojis codes, e.g. "Hello :smiley:!"
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A string with emoji codes replaces with actual emoji.
+        """
+        return _emoji_replace(text)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<emoji {self.name!r}>"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self._char
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        yield Segment(self._char, console.get_style(self.style))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import sys
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich.columns import Columns
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+
+    console = Console(record=True)
+
+    columns = Columns(
+        (f":{name}: {name}" for name in sorted(EMOJI.keys()) if "\u200D" not in name),
+        column_first=True,
+    )
+
+    console.print(columns)
+    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+        console.save_html(sys.argv[1])
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/errors.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/errors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0bcbe53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/errors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+class ConsoleError(Exception):
+    """An error in console operation."""
+
+
+class StyleError(Exception):
+    """An error in styles."""
+
+
+class StyleSyntaxError(ConsoleError):
+    """Style was badly formatted."""
+
+
+class MissingStyle(StyleError):
+    """No such style."""
+
+
+class StyleStackError(ConsoleError):
+    """Style stack is invalid."""
+
+
+class NotRenderableError(ConsoleError):
+    """Object is not renderable."""
+
+
+class MarkupError(ConsoleError):
+    """Markup was badly formatted."""
+
+
+class LiveError(ConsoleError):
+    """Error related to Live display."""
+
+
+class NoAltScreen(ConsoleError):
+    """Alt screen mode was required."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/file_proxy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/file_proxy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ec593a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/file_proxy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import io
+from typing import List, Any, IO, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .ansi import AnsiDecoder
+from .text import Text
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console
+
+
+class FileProxy(io.TextIOBase):
+    """Wraps a file (e.g. sys.stdout) and redirects writes to a console."""
+
+    def __init__(self, console: "Console", file: IO[str]) -> None:
+        self.__console = console
+        self.__file = file
+        self.__buffer: List[str] = []
+        self.__ansi_decoder = AnsiDecoder()
+
+    @property
+    def rich_proxied_file(self) -> IO[str]:
+        """Get proxied file."""
+        return self.__file
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Any:
+        return getattr(self.__file, name)
+
+    def write(self, text: str) -> int:
+        if not isinstance(text, str):
+            raise TypeError(f"write() argument must be str, not {type(text).__name__}")
+        buffer = self.__buffer
+        lines: List[str] = []
+        while text:
+            line, new_line, text = text.partition("\n")
+            if new_line:
+                lines.append("".join(buffer) + line)
+                del buffer[:]
+            else:
+                buffer.append(line)
+                break
+        if lines:
+            console = self.__console
+            with console:
+                output = Text("\n").join(
+                    self.__ansi_decoder.decode_line(line) for line in lines
+                )
+                console.print(output)
+        return len(text)
+
+    def flush(self) -> None:
+        buffer = self.__buffer
+        if buffer:
+            self.__console.print("".join(buffer))
+            del buffer[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/filesize.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/filesize.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3a0996
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/filesize.py
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+"""Functions for reporting filesizes. Borrowed from https://github.com/PyFilesystem/pyfilesystem2
+
+The functions declared in this module should cover the different
+usecases needed to generate a string representation of a file size
+using several different units. Since there are many standards regarding
+file size units, three different functions have been implemented.
+
+See Also:
+    * `Wikipedia: Binary prefix <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_prefix>`_
+
+"""
+
+__all__ = ["decimal"]
+
+from typing import Iterable, List, Tuple, Optional
+
+
+def _to_str(
+    size: int,
+    suffixes: Iterable[str],
+    base: int,
+    *,
+    precision: Optional[int] = 1,
+    separator: Optional[str] = " ",
+) -> str:
+    if size == 1:
+        return "1 byte"
+    elif size < base:
+        return "{:,} bytes".format(size)
+
+    for i, suffix in enumerate(suffixes, 2):  # noqa: B007
+        unit = base ** i
+        if size < unit:
+            break
+    return "{:,.{precision}f}{separator}{}".format(
+        (base * size / unit),
+        suffix,
+        precision=precision,
+        separator=separator,
+    )
+
+
+def pick_unit_and_suffix(size: int, suffixes: List[str], base: int) -> Tuple[int, str]:
+    """Pick a suffix and base for the given size."""
+    for i, suffix in enumerate(suffixes):
+        unit = base ** i
+        if size < unit * base:
+            break
+    return unit, suffix
+
+
+def decimal(
+    size: int,
+    *,
+    precision: Optional[int] = 1,
+    separator: Optional[str] = " ",
+) -> str:
+    """Convert a filesize in to a string (powers of 1000, SI prefixes).
+
+    In this convention, ``1000 B = 1 kB``.
+
+    This is typically the format used to advertise the storage
+    capacity of USB flash drives and the like (*256 MB* meaning
+    actually a storage capacity of more than *256 000 000 B*),
+    or used by **Mac OS X** since v10.6 to report file sizes.
+
+    Arguments:
+        int (size): A file size.
+        int (precision): The number of decimal places to include (default = 1).
+        str (separator): The string to separate the value from the units (default = " ").
+
+    Returns:
+        `str`: A string containing a abbreviated file size and units.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> filesize.decimal(30000)
+        '30.0 kB'
+        >>> filesize.decimal(30000, precision=2, separator="")
+        '30.00kB'
+
+    """
+    return _to_str(
+        size,
+        ("kB", "MB", "GB", "TB", "PB", "EB", "ZB", "YB"),
+        1000,
+        precision=precision,
+        separator=separator,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/highlighter.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/highlighter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8afdd01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/highlighter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from typing import List, Union
+
+from .text import Text
+
+
+def _combine_regex(*regexes: str) -> str:
+    """Combine a number of regexes in to a single regex.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: New regex with all regexes ORed together.
+    """
+    return "|".join(regexes)
+
+
+class Highlighter(ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for highlighters."""
+
+    def __call__(self, text: Union[str, Text]) -> Text:
+        """Highlight a str or Text instance.
+
+        Args:
+            text (Union[str, ~Text]): Text to highlight.
+
+        Raises:
+            TypeError: If not called with text or str.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: A test instance with highlighting applied.
+        """
+        if isinstance(text, str):
+            highlight_text = Text(text)
+        elif isinstance(text, Text):
+            highlight_text = text.copy()
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f"str or Text instance required, not {text!r}")
+        self.highlight(highlight_text)
+        return highlight_text
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def highlight(self, text: Text) -> None:
+        """Apply highlighting in place to text.
+
+        Args:
+            text (~Text): A text object highlight.
+        """
+
+
+class NullHighlighter(Highlighter):
+    """A highlighter object that doesn't highlight.
+
+    May be used to disable highlighting entirely.
+
+    """
+
+    def highlight(self, text: Text) -> None:
+        """Nothing to do"""
+
+
+class RegexHighlighter(Highlighter):
+    """Applies highlighting from a list of regular expressions."""
+
+    highlights: List[str] = []
+    base_style: str = ""
+
+    def highlight(self, text: Text) -> None:
+        """Highlight :class:`rich.text.Text` using regular expressions.
+
+        Args:
+            text (~Text): Text to highlighted.
+
+        """
+
+        highlight_regex = text.highlight_regex
+        for re_highlight in self.highlights:
+            highlight_regex(re_highlight, style_prefix=self.base_style)
+
+
+class ReprHighlighter(RegexHighlighter):
+    """Highlights the text typically produced from ``__repr__`` methods."""
+
+    base_style = "repr."
+    highlights = [
+        r"(?P<tag_start>\<)(?P<tag_name>[\w\-\.\:]*)(?P<tag_contents>[\w\W]*?)(?P<tag_end>\>)",
+        r"(?P<attrib_name>[\w_]{1,50})=(?P<attrib_value>\"?[\w_]+\"?)?",
+        r"(?P<brace>[\{\[\(\)\]\}])",
+        _combine_regex(
+            r"(?P<ipv4>[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3})",
+            r"(?P<ipv6>([A-Fa-f0-9]{1,4}::?){1,7}[A-Fa-f0-9]{1,4})",
+            r"(?P<eui64>(?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,2}-){7}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,2}|(?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,2}:){7}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,2}|(?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}\.){3}[0-9A-Fa-f]{4})",
+            r"(?P<eui48>(?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,2}-){5}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,2}|(?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,2}:){5}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,2}|(?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}\.){2}[0-9A-Fa-f]{4})",
+            r"(?P<call>[\w\.]*?)\(",
+            r"\b(?P<bool_true>True)\b|\b(?P<bool_false>False)\b|\b(?P<none>None)\b",
+            r"(?P<ellipsis>\.\.\.)",
+            r"(?P<number>(?<!\w)\-?[0-9]+\.?[0-9]*(e[\-\+]?\d+?)?\b|0x[0-9a-fA-F]*)",
+            r"(?P<path>\B(\/[\w\.\-\_\+]+)*\/)(?P<filename>[\w\.\-\_\+]*)?",
+            r"(?<![\\\w])(?P<str>b?\'\'\'.*?(?<!\\)\'\'\'|b?\'.*?(?<!\\)\'|b?\"\"\".*?(?<!\\)\"\"\"|b?\".*?(?<!\\)\")",
+            r"(?P<uuid>[a-fA-F0-9]{8}\-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}\-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}\-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}\-[a-fA-F0-9]{12})",
+            r"(?P<url>(file|https|http|ws|wss):\/\/[0-9a-zA-Z\$\-\_\+\!`\(\)\,\.\?\/\;\:\&\=\%\#]*)",
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+class JSONHighlighter(RegexHighlighter):
+    """Highlights JSON"""
+
+    base_style = "json."
+    highlights = [
+        _combine_regex(
+            r"(?P<brace>[\{\[\(\)\]\}])",
+            r"\b(?P<bool_true>true)\b|\b(?P<bool_false>false)\b|\b(?P<null>null)\b",
+            r"(?P<number>(?<!\w)\-?[0-9]+\.?[0-9]*(e[\-\+]?\d+?)?\b|0x[0-9a-fA-F]*)",
+            r"(?<![\\\w])(?P<str>b?\".*?(?<!\\)\")",
+        ),
+        r"(?<![\\\w])(?P<key>b?\".*?(?<!\\)\")\:",
+    ]
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from .console import Console
+
+    console = Console()
+    console.print("[bold green]hello world![/bold green]")
+    console.print("'[bold green]hello world![/bold green]'")
+
+    console.print(" /foo")
+    console.print("/foo/")
+    console.print("/foo/bar")
+    console.print("foo/bar/baz")
+
+    console.print("/foo/bar/baz?foo=bar+egg&egg=baz")
+    console.print("/foo/bar/baz/")
+    console.print("/foo/bar/baz/egg")
+    console.print("/foo/bar/baz/egg.py")
+    console.print("/foo/bar/baz/egg.py word")
+    console.print(" /foo/bar/baz/egg.py word")
+    console.print("foo /foo/bar/baz/egg.py word")
+    console.print("foo /foo/bar/ba._++z/egg+.py word")
+    console.print("https://example.org?foo=bar#header")
+
+    console.print(1234567.34)
+    console.print(1 / 2)
+    console.print(-1 / 123123123123)
+
+    console.print(
+        "127.0.1.1 bar 192.168.1.4 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 foo"
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/json.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/json.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2358387
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/json.py
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+from json import loads, dumps
+from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Union
+
+from .text import Text
+from .highlighter import JSONHighlighter, NullHighlighter
+
+
+class JSON:
+    """A renderable which pretty prints JSON.
+
+    Args:
+        json (str): JSON encoded data.
+        indent (Union[None, int, str], optional): Number of characters to indent by. Defaults to 2.
+        highlight (bool, optional): Enable highlighting. Defaults to True.
+        skip_keys (bool, optional): Skip keys not of a basic type. Defaults to False.
+        ensure_ascii (bool, optional): Escape all non-ascii characters. Defaults to False.
+        check_circular (bool, optional): Check for circular references. Defaults to True.
+        allow_nan (bool, optional): Allow NaN and Infinity values. Defaults to True.
+        default (Callable, optional): A callable that converts values that can not be encoded
+            in to something that can be JSON encoded. Defaults to None.
+        sort_keys (bool, optional): Sort dictionary keys. Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        json: str,
+        indent: Union[None, int, str] = 2,
+        highlight: bool = True,
+        skip_keys: bool = False,
+        ensure_ascii: bool = True,
+        check_circular: bool = True,
+        allow_nan: bool = True,
+        default: Optional[Callable[[Any], Any]] = None,
+        sort_keys: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        data = loads(json)
+        json = dumps(
+            data,
+            indent=indent,
+            skipkeys=skip_keys,
+            ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
+            check_circular=check_circular,
+            allow_nan=allow_nan,
+            default=default,
+            sort_keys=sort_keys,
+        )
+        highlighter = JSONHighlighter() if highlight else NullHighlighter()
+        self.text = highlighter(json)
+        self.text.no_wrap = True
+        self.text.overflow = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_data(
+        cls,
+        data: Any,
+        indent: Union[None, int, str] = 2,
+        highlight: bool = True,
+        skip_keys: bool = False,
+        ensure_ascii: bool = True,
+        check_circular: bool = True,
+        allow_nan: bool = True,
+        default: Optional[Callable[[Any], Any]] = None,
+        sort_keys: bool = False,
+    ) -> "JSON":
+        """Encodes a JSON object from arbitrary data.
+
+        Args:
+            data (Any): An object that may be encoded in to JSON
+            indent (Union[None, int, str], optional): Number of characters to indent by. Defaults to 2.
+            highlight (bool, optional): Enable highlighting. Defaults to True.
+            default (Callable, optional): Optional callable which will be called for objects that cannot be serialized. Defaults to None.
+            skip_keys (bool, optional): Skip keys not of a basic type. Defaults to False.
+            ensure_ascii (bool, optional): Escape all non-ascii characters. Defaults to False.
+            check_circular (bool, optional): Check for circular references. Defaults to True.
+            allow_nan (bool, optional): Allow NaN and Infinity values. Defaults to True.
+            default (Callable, optional): A callable that converts values that can not be encoded
+                in to something that can be JSON encoded. Defaults to None.
+            sort_keys (bool, optional): Sort dictionary keys. Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            JSON: New JSON object from the given data.
+        """
+        json_instance: "JSON" = cls.__new__(cls)
+        json = dumps(
+            data,
+            indent=indent,
+            skipkeys=skip_keys,
+            ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
+            check_circular=check_circular,
+            allow_nan=allow_nan,
+            default=default,
+            sort_keys=sort_keys,
+        )
+        highlighter = JSONHighlighter() if highlight else NullHighlighter()
+        json_instance.text = highlighter(json)
+        json_instance.text.no_wrap = True
+        json_instance.text.overflow = None
+        return json_instance
+
+    def __rich__(self) -> Text:
+        return self.text
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    import argparse
+    import sys
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Pretty print json")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "path",
+        metavar="PATH",
+        help="path to file, or - for stdin",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-i",
+        "--indent",
+        metavar="SPACES",
+        type=int,
+        help="Number of spaces in an indent",
+        default=2,
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+
+    console = Console()
+    error_console = Console(stderr=True)
+
+    try:
+        if args.path == "-":
+            json_data = sys.stdin.read()
+        else:
+            with open(args.path, "rt") as json_file:
+                json_data = json_file.read()
+    except Exception as error:
+        error_console.print(f"Unable to read {args.path!r}; {error}")
+        sys.exit(-1)
+
+    console.print(JSON(json_data, indent=args.indent), soft_wrap=True)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/jupyter.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/jupyter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bedf5cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/jupyter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List
+
+from . import get_console
+from .segment import Segment
+from .terminal_theme import DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME
+
+JUPYTER_HTML_FORMAT = """\
+<pre style="white-space:pre;overflow-x:auto;line-height:normal;font-family:Menlo,'DejaVu Sans Mono',consolas,'Courier New',monospace">{code}</pre>
+"""
+
+
+class JupyterRenderable:
+    """A shim to write html to Jupyter notebook."""
+
+    def __init__(self, html: str, text: str) -> None:
+        self.html = html
+        self.text = text
+
+    def _repr_mimebundle_(
+        self, include: Iterable[str], exclude: Iterable[str], **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        data = {"text/plain": self.text, "text/html": self.html}
+        if include:
+            data = {k: v for (k, v) in data.items() if k in include}
+        if exclude:
+            data = {k: v for (k, v) in data.items() if k not in exclude}
+        return data
+
+
+class JupyterMixin:
+    """Add to an Rich renderable to make it render in Jupyter notebook."""
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _repr_mimebundle_(
+        self, include: Iterable[str], exclude: Iterable[str], **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        console = get_console()
+        segments = list(console.render(self, console.options))  # type: ignore
+        html = _render_segments(segments)
+        text = console._render_buffer(segments)
+        data = {"text/plain": text, "text/html": html}
+        if include:
+            data = {k: v for (k, v) in data.items() if k in include}
+        if exclude:
+            data = {k: v for (k, v) in data.items() if k not in exclude}
+        return data
+
+
+def _render_segments(segments: Iterable[Segment]) -> str:
+    def escape(text: str) -> str:
+        """Escape html."""
+        return text.replace("&", "&amp;").replace("<", "&lt;").replace(">", "&gt;")
+
+    fragments: List[str] = []
+    append_fragment = fragments.append
+    theme = DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME
+    for text, style, control in Segment.simplify(segments):
+        if control:
+            continue
+        text = escape(text)
+        if style:
+            rule = style.get_html_style(theme)
+            text = f'<span style="{rule}">{text}</span>' if rule else text
+            if style.link:
+                text = f'<a href="{style.link}">{text}</a>'
+        append_fragment(text)
+
+    code = "".join(fragments)
+    html = JUPYTER_HTML_FORMAT.format(code=code)
+
+    return html
+
+
+def display(segments: Iterable[Segment], text: str) -> None:
+    """Render segments to Jupyter."""
+    html = _render_segments(segments)
+    jupyter_renderable = JupyterRenderable(html, text)
+    try:
+        from IPython.display import display as ipython_display
+
+        ipython_display(jupyter_renderable)
+    except ModuleNotFoundError:
+        # Handle the case where the Console has force_jupyter=True,
+        # but IPython is not installed.
+        pass
+
+
+def print(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+    """Proxy for Console print."""
+    console = get_console()
+    return console.print(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/layout.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/layout.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22a4c54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/layout.py
@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from itertools import islice
+from operator import itemgetter
+from threading import RLock
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from ._ratio import ratio_resolve
+from .align import Align
+from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderableType, RenderResult
+from .highlighter import ReprHighlighter
+from .panel import Panel
+from .pretty import Pretty
+from .repr import rich_repr, Result
+from .region import Region
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import StyleType
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._vendor.rich.tree import Tree
+
+
+class LayoutRender(NamedTuple):
+    """An individual layout render."""
+
+    region: Region
+    render: List[List[Segment]]
+
+
+RegionMap = Dict["Layout", Region]
+RenderMap = Dict["Layout", LayoutRender]
+
+
+class LayoutError(Exception):
+    """Layout related error."""
+
+
+class NoSplitter(LayoutError):
+    """Requested splitter does not exist."""
+
+
+class _Placeholder:
+    """An internal renderable used as a Layout placeholder."""
+
+    highlighter = ReprHighlighter()
+
+    def __init__(self, layout: "Layout", style: StyleType = "") -> None:
+        self.layout = layout
+        self.style = style
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        width = options.max_width
+        height = options.height or options.size.height
+        layout = self.layout
+        title = (
+            f"{layout.name!r} ({width} x {height})"
+            if layout.name
+            else f"({width} x {height})"
+        )
+        yield Panel(
+            Align.center(Pretty(layout), vertical="middle"),
+            style=self.style,
+            title=self.highlighter(title),
+            border_style="blue",
+        )
+
+
+class Splitter(ABC):
+    """Base class for a splitter."""
+
+    name: str = ""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_tree_icon(self) -> str:
+        """Get the icon (emoji) used in layout.tree"""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def divide(
+        self, children: Sequence["Layout"], region: Region
+    ) -> Iterable[Tuple["Layout", Region]]:
+        """Divide a region amongst several child layouts.
+
+        Args:
+            children (Sequence(Layout)): A number of child layouts.
+            region (Region): A rectangular region to divide.
+        """
+
+
+class RowSplitter(Splitter):
+    """Split a layout region in to rows."""
+
+    name = "row"
+
+    def get_tree_icon(self) -> str:
+        return "[layout.tree.row]⬌"
+
+    def divide(
+        self, children: Sequence["Layout"], region: Region
+    ) -> Iterable[Tuple["Layout", Region]]:
+        x, y, width, height = region
+        render_widths = ratio_resolve(width, children)
+        offset = 0
+        _Region = Region
+        for child, child_width in zip(children, render_widths):
+            yield child, _Region(x + offset, y, child_width, height)
+            offset += child_width
+
+
+class ColumnSplitter(Splitter):
+    """Split a layout region in to columns."""
+
+    name = "column"
+
+    def get_tree_icon(self) -> str:
+        return "[layout.tree.column]⬍"
+
+    def divide(
+        self, children: Sequence["Layout"], region: Region
+    ) -> Iterable[Tuple["Layout", Region]]:
+        x, y, width, height = region
+        render_heights = ratio_resolve(height, children)
+        offset = 0
+        _Region = Region
+        for child, child_height in zip(children, render_heights):
+            yield child, _Region(x, y + offset, width, child_height)
+            offset += child_height
+
+
+@rich_repr
+class Layout:
+    """A renderable to divide a fixed height in to rows or columns.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType, optional): Renderable content, or None for placeholder. Defaults to None.
+        name (str, optional): Optional identifier for Layout. Defaults to None.
+        size (int, optional): Optional fixed size of layout. Defaults to None.
+        minimum_size (int, optional): Minimum size of layout. Defaults to 1.
+        ratio (int, optional): Optional ratio for flexible layout. Defaults to 1.
+        visible (bool, optional): Visibility of layout. Defaults to True.
+    """
+
+    splitters = {"row": RowSplitter, "column": ColumnSplitter}
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        renderable: Optional[RenderableType] = None,
+        *,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        size: Optional[int] = None,
+        minimum_size: int = 1,
+        ratio: int = 1,
+        visible: bool = True,
+        height: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._renderable = renderable or _Placeholder(self)
+        self.size = size
+        self.minimum_size = minimum_size
+        self.ratio = ratio
+        self.name = name
+        self.visible = visible
+        self.height = height
+        self.splitter: Splitter = self.splitters["column"]()
+        self._children: List[Layout] = []
+        self._render_map: RenderMap = {}
+        self._lock = RLock()
+
+    def __rich_repr__(self) -> Result:
+        yield "name", self.name, None
+        yield "size", self.size, None
+        yield "minimum_size", self.minimum_size, 1
+        yield "ratio", self.ratio, 1
+
+    @property
+    def renderable(self) -> RenderableType:
+        """Layout renderable."""
+        return self if self._children else self._renderable
+
+    @property
+    def children(self) -> List["Layout"]:
+        """Gets (visible) layout children."""
+        return [child for child in self._children if child.visible]
+
+    @property
+    def map(self) -> RenderMap:
+        """Get a map of the last render."""
+        return self._render_map
+
+    def get(self, name: str) -> Optional["Layout"]:
+        """Get a named layout, or None if it doesn't exist.
+
+        Args:
+            name (str): Name of layout.
+
+        Returns:
+            Optional[Layout]: Layout instance or None if no layout was found.
+        """
+        if self.name == name:
+            return self
+        else:
+            for child in self._children:
+                named_layout = child.get(name)
+                if named_layout is not None:
+                    return named_layout
+        return None
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name: str) -> "Layout":
+        layout = self.get(name)
+        if layout is None:
+            raise KeyError(f"No layout with name {name!r}")
+        return layout
+
+    @property
+    def tree(self) -> "Tree":
+        """Get a tree renderable to show layout structure."""
+        from pip._vendor.rich.styled import Styled
+        from pip._vendor.rich.table import Table
+        from pip._vendor.rich.tree import Tree
+
+        def summary(layout: "Layout") -> Table:
+
+            icon = layout.splitter.get_tree_icon()
+
+            table = Table.grid(padding=(0, 1, 0, 0))
+
+            text: RenderableType = (
+                Pretty(layout) if layout.visible else Styled(Pretty(layout), "dim")
+            )
+            table.add_row(icon, text)
+            _summary = table
+            return _summary
+
+        layout = self
+        tree = Tree(
+            summary(layout),
+            guide_style=f"layout.tree.{layout.splitter.name}",
+            highlight=True,
+        )
+
+        def recurse(tree: "Tree", layout: "Layout") -> None:
+            for child in layout._children:
+                recurse(
+                    tree.add(
+                        summary(child),
+                        guide_style=f"layout.tree.{child.splitter.name}",
+                    ),
+                    child,
+                )
+
+        recurse(tree, self)
+        return tree
+
+    def split(
+        self,
+        *layouts: Union["Layout", RenderableType],
+        splitter: Union[Splitter, str] = "column",
+    ) -> None:
+        """Split the layout in to multiple sub-layouts.
+
+        Args:
+            *layouts (Layout): Positional arguments should be (sub) Layout instances.
+            splitter (Union[Splitter, str]): Splitter instance or name of splitter.
+        """
+        _layouts = [
+            layout if isinstance(layout, Layout) else Layout(layout)
+            for layout in layouts
+        ]
+        try:
+            self.splitter = (
+                splitter
+                if isinstance(splitter, Splitter)
+                else self.splitters[splitter]()
+            )
+        except KeyError:
+            raise NoSplitter(f"No splitter called {splitter!r}")
+        self._children[:] = _layouts
+
+    def add_split(self, *layouts: Union["Layout", RenderableType]) -> None:
+        """Add a new layout(s) to existing split.
+
+        Args:
+            *layouts (Union[Layout, RenderableType]): Positional arguments should be renderables or (sub) Layout instances.
+
+        """
+        _layouts = (
+            layout if isinstance(layout, Layout) else Layout(layout)
+            for layout in layouts
+        )
+        self._children.extend(_layouts)
+
+    def split_row(self, *layouts: Union["Layout", RenderableType]) -> None:
+        """Split the layout in tow a row (Layouts side by side).
+
+        Args:
+            *layouts (Layout): Positional arguments should be (sub) Layout instances.
+        """
+        self.split(*layouts, splitter="row")
+
+    def split_column(self, *layouts: Union["Layout", RenderableType]) -> None:
+        """Split the layout in to a column (layouts stacked on top of each other).
+
+        Args:
+            *layouts (Layout): Positional arguments should be (sub) Layout instances.
+        """
+        self.split(*layouts, splitter="column")
+
+    def unsplit(self) -> None:
+        """Reset splits to initial state."""
+        del self._children[:]
+
+    def update(self, renderable: RenderableType) -> None:
+        """Update renderable.
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType): New renderable object.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            self._renderable = renderable
+
+    def refresh_screen(self, console: "Console", layout_name: str) -> None:
+        """Refresh a sub-layout.
+
+        Args:
+            console (Console): Console instance where Layout is to be rendered.
+            layout_name (str): Name of layout.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            layout = self[layout_name]
+            region, _lines = self._render_map[layout]
+            (x, y, width, height) = region
+            lines = console.render_lines(
+                layout, console.options.update_dimensions(width, height)
+            )
+            self._render_map[layout] = LayoutRender(region, lines)
+            console.update_screen_lines(lines, x, y)
+
+    def _make_region_map(self, width: int, height: int) -> RegionMap:
+        """Create a dict that maps layout on to Region."""
+        stack: List[Tuple[Layout, Region]] = [(self, Region(0, 0, width, height))]
+        push = stack.append
+        pop = stack.pop
+        layout_regions: List[Tuple[Layout, Region]] = []
+        append_layout_region = layout_regions.append
+        while stack:
+            append_layout_region(pop())
+            layout, region = layout_regions[-1]
+            children = layout.children
+            if children:
+                for child_and_region in layout.splitter.divide(children, region):
+                    push(child_and_region)
+
+        region_map = {
+            layout: region
+            for layout, region in sorted(layout_regions, key=itemgetter(1))
+        }
+        return region_map
+
+    def render(self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions) -> RenderMap:
+        """Render the sub_layouts.
+
+        Args:
+            console (Console): Console instance.
+            options (ConsoleOptions): Console options.
+
+        Returns:
+            RenderMap: A dict that maps Layout on to a tuple of Region, lines
+        """
+        render_width = options.max_width
+        render_height = options.height or console.height
+        region_map = self._make_region_map(render_width, render_height)
+        layout_regions = [
+            (layout, region)
+            for layout, region in region_map.items()
+            if not layout.children
+        ]
+        render_map: Dict["Layout", "LayoutRender"] = {}
+        render_lines = console.render_lines
+        update_dimensions = options.update_dimensions
+
+        for layout, region in layout_regions:
+            lines = render_lines(
+                layout.renderable, update_dimensions(region.width, region.height)
+            )
+            render_map[layout] = LayoutRender(region, lines)
+        return render_map
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        with self._lock:
+            width = options.max_width or console.width
+            height = options.height or console.height
+            render_map = self.render(console, options.update_dimensions(width, height))
+            self._render_map = render_map
+            layout_lines: List[List[Segment]] = [[] for _ in range(height)]
+            _islice = islice
+            for (region, lines) in render_map.values():
+                _x, y, _layout_width, layout_height = region
+                for row, line in zip(
+                    _islice(layout_lines, y, y + layout_height), lines
+                ):
+                    row.extend(line)
+
+            new_line = Segment.line()
+            for layout_row in layout_lines:
+                yield from layout_row
+                yield new_line
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+
+    console = Console()
+    layout = Layout()
+
+    layout.split_column(
+        Layout(name="header", size=3),
+        Layout(ratio=1, name="main"),
+        Layout(size=10, name="footer"),
+    )
+
+    layout["main"].split_row(Layout(name="side"), Layout(name="body", ratio=2))
+
+    layout["body"].split_row(Layout(name="content", ratio=2), Layout(name="s2"))
+
+    layout["s2"].split_column(
+        Layout(name="top"), Layout(name="middle"), Layout(name="bottom")
+    )
+
+    layout["side"].split_column(Layout(layout.tree, name="left1"), Layout(name="left2"))
+
+    layout["content"].update("foo")
+
+    console.print(layout)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/live.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/live.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6db5b60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/live.py
@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
+import sys
+from threading import Event, RLock, Thread
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import IO, Any, Callable, List, Optional, TextIO, Type, cast
+
+from . import get_console
+from .console import Console, ConsoleRenderable, RenderableType, RenderHook
+from .control import Control
+from .file_proxy import FileProxy
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .live_render import LiveRender, VerticalOverflowMethod
+from .screen import Screen
+from .text import Text
+
+
+class _RefreshThread(Thread):
+    """A thread that calls refresh() at regular intervals."""
+
+    def __init__(self, live: "Live", refresh_per_second: float) -> None:
+        self.live = live
+        self.refresh_per_second = refresh_per_second
+        self.done = Event()
+        super().__init__(daemon=True)
+
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        self.done.set()
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        while not self.done.wait(1 / self.refresh_per_second):
+            with self.live._lock:
+                if not self.done.is_set():
+                    self.live.refresh()
+
+
+class Live(JupyterMixin, RenderHook):
+    """Renders an auto-updating live display of any given renderable.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType, optional): The renderable to live display. Defaults to displaying nothing.
+        console (Console, optional): Optional Console instance. Default will an internal Console instance writing to stdout.
+        screen (bool, optional): Enable alternate screen mode. Defaults to False.
+        auto_refresh (bool, optional): Enable auto refresh. If disabled, you will need to call `refresh()` or `update()` with refresh flag. Defaults to True
+        refresh_per_second (float, optional): Number of times per second to refresh the live display. Defaults to 4.
+        transient (bool, optional): Clear the renderable on exit (has no effect when screen=True). Defaults to False.
+        redirect_stdout (bool, optional): Enable redirection of stdout, so ``print`` may be used. Defaults to True.
+        redirect_stderr (bool, optional): Enable redirection of stderr. Defaults to True.
+        vertical_overflow (VerticalOverflowMethod, optional): How to handle renderable when it is too tall for the console. Defaults to "ellipsis".
+        get_renderable (Callable[[], RenderableType], optional): Optional callable to get renderable. Defaults to None.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        renderable: Optional[RenderableType] = None,
+        *,
+        console: Optional[Console] = None,
+        screen: bool = False,
+        auto_refresh: bool = True,
+        refresh_per_second: float = 4,
+        transient: bool = False,
+        redirect_stdout: bool = True,
+        redirect_stderr: bool = True,
+        vertical_overflow: VerticalOverflowMethod = "ellipsis",
+        get_renderable: Optional[Callable[[], RenderableType]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert refresh_per_second > 0, "refresh_per_second must be > 0"
+        self._renderable = renderable
+        self.console = console if console is not None else get_console()
+        self._screen = screen
+        self._alt_screen = False
+
+        self._redirect_stdout = redirect_stdout
+        self._redirect_stderr = redirect_stderr
+        self._restore_stdout: Optional[IO[str]] = None
+        self._restore_stderr: Optional[IO[str]] = None
+
+        self._lock = RLock()
+        self.ipy_widget: Optional[Any] = None
+        self.auto_refresh = auto_refresh
+        self._started: bool = False
+        self.transient = True if screen else transient
+
+        self._refresh_thread: Optional[_RefreshThread] = None
+        self.refresh_per_second = refresh_per_second
+
+        self.vertical_overflow = vertical_overflow
+        self._get_renderable = get_renderable
+        self._live_render = LiveRender(
+            self.get_renderable(), vertical_overflow=vertical_overflow
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def is_started(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if live display has been started."""
+        return self._started
+
+    def get_renderable(self) -> RenderableType:
+        renderable = (
+            self._get_renderable()
+            if self._get_renderable is not None
+            else self._renderable
+        )
+        return renderable or ""
+
+    def start(self, refresh: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Start live rendering display.
+
+        Args:
+            refresh (bool, optional): Also refresh. Defaults to False.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            if self._started:
+                return
+            self.console.set_live(self)
+            self._started = True
+            if self._screen:
+                self._alt_screen = self.console.set_alt_screen(True)
+            self.console.show_cursor(False)
+            self._enable_redirect_io()
+            self.console.push_render_hook(self)
+            if refresh:
+                self.refresh()
+            if self.auto_refresh:
+                self._refresh_thread = _RefreshThread(self, self.refresh_per_second)
+                self._refresh_thread.start()
+
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        """Stop live rendering display."""
+        with self._lock:
+            if not self._started:
+                return
+            self.console.clear_live()
+            self._started = False
+
+            if self.auto_refresh and self._refresh_thread is not None:
+                self._refresh_thread.stop()
+                self._refresh_thread = None
+            # allow it to fully render on the last even if overflow
+            self.vertical_overflow = "visible"
+            with self.console:
+                try:
+                    if not self._alt_screen and not self.console.is_jupyter:
+                        self.refresh()
+                finally:
+                    self._disable_redirect_io()
+                    self.console.pop_render_hook()
+                    if not self._alt_screen and self.console.is_terminal:
+                        self.console.line()
+                    self.console.show_cursor(True)
+                    if self._alt_screen:
+                        self.console.set_alt_screen(False)
+
+                    if self.transient and not self._alt_screen:
+                        self.console.control(self._live_render.restore_cursor())
+                    if self.ipy_widget is not None and self.transient:
+                        self.ipy_widget.close()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "Live":
+        self.start(refresh=self._renderable is not None)
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.stop()
+
+    def _enable_redirect_io(self) -> None:
+        """Enable redirecting of stdout / stderr."""
+        if self.console.is_terminal or self.console.is_jupyter:
+            if self._redirect_stdout and not isinstance(sys.stdout, FileProxy):
+                self._restore_stdout = sys.stdout
+                sys.stdout = cast("TextIO", FileProxy(self.console, sys.stdout))
+            if self._redirect_stderr and not isinstance(sys.stderr, FileProxy):
+                self._restore_stderr = sys.stderr
+                sys.stderr = cast("TextIO", FileProxy(self.console, sys.stderr))
+
+    def _disable_redirect_io(self) -> None:
+        """Disable redirecting of stdout / stderr."""
+        if self._restore_stdout:
+            sys.stdout = cast("TextIO", self._restore_stdout)
+            self._restore_stdout = None
+        if self._restore_stderr:
+            sys.stderr = cast("TextIO", self._restore_stderr)
+            self._restore_stderr = None
+
+    @property
+    def renderable(self) -> RenderableType:
+        """Get the renderable that is being displayed
+
+        Returns:
+            RenderableType: Displayed renderable.
+        """
+        renderable = self.get_renderable()
+        return Screen(renderable) if self._alt_screen else renderable
+
+    def update(self, renderable: RenderableType, *, refresh: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Update the renderable that is being displayed
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType): New renderable to use.
+            refresh (bool, optional): Refresh the display. Defaults to False.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            self._renderable = renderable
+            if refresh:
+                self.refresh()
+
+    def refresh(self) -> None:
+        """Update the display of the Live Render."""
+        with self._lock:
+            self._live_render.set_renderable(self.renderable)
+            if self.console.is_jupyter:  # pragma: no cover
+                try:
+                    from IPython.display import display
+                    from ipywidgets import Output
+                except ImportError:
+                    import warnings
+
+                    warnings.warn('install "ipywidgets" for Jupyter support')
+                else:
+                    if self.ipy_widget is None:
+                        self.ipy_widget = Output()
+                        display(self.ipy_widget)
+
+                    with self.ipy_widget:
+                        self.ipy_widget.clear_output(wait=True)
+                        self.console.print(self._live_render.renderable)
+            elif self.console.is_terminal and not self.console.is_dumb_terminal:
+                with self.console:
+                    self.console.print(Control())
+            elif (
+                not self._started and not self.transient
+            ):  # if it is finished allow files or dumb-terminals to see final result
+                with self.console:
+                    self.console.print(Control())
+
+    def process_renderables(
+        self, renderables: List[ConsoleRenderable]
+    ) -> List[ConsoleRenderable]:
+        """Process renderables to restore cursor and display progress."""
+        self._live_render.vertical_overflow = self.vertical_overflow
+        if self.console.is_interactive:
+            # lock needs acquiring as user can modify live_render renderable at any time unlike in Progress.
+            with self._lock:
+                reset = (
+                    Control.home()
+                    if self._alt_screen
+                    else self._live_render.position_cursor()
+                )
+                renderables = [reset, *renderables, self._live_render]
+        elif (
+            not self._started and not self.transient
+        ):  # if it is finished render the final output for files or dumb_terminals
+            renderables = [*renderables, self._live_render]
+
+        return renderables
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import random
+    import time
+    from itertools import cycle
+    from typing import Dict, List, Tuple
+
+    from .align import Align
+    from .console import Console
+    from .live import Live as Live
+    from .panel import Panel
+    from .rule import Rule
+    from .syntax import Syntax
+    from .table import Table
+
+    console = Console()
+
+    syntax = Syntax(
+        '''def loop_last(values: Iterable[T]) -> Iterable[Tuple[bool, T]]:
+    """Iterate and generate a tuple with a flag for last value."""
+    iter_values = iter(values)
+    try:
+        previous_value = next(iter_values)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return
+    for value in iter_values:
+        yield False, previous_value
+        previous_value = value
+    yield True, previous_value''',
+        "python",
+        line_numbers=True,
+    )
+
+    table = Table("foo", "bar", "baz")
+    table.add_row("1", "2", "3")
+
+    progress_renderables = [
+        "You can make the terminal shorter and taller to see the live table hide"
+        "Text may be printed while the progress bars are rendering.",
+        Panel("In fact, [i]any[/i] renderable will work"),
+        "Such as [magenta]tables[/]...",
+        table,
+        "Pretty printed structures...",
+        {"type": "example", "text": "Pretty printed"},
+        "Syntax...",
+        syntax,
+        Rule("Give it a try!"),
+    ]
+
+    examples = cycle(progress_renderables)
+
+    exchanges = [
+        "SGD",
+        "MYR",
+        "EUR",
+        "USD",
+        "AUD",
+        "JPY",
+        "CNH",
+        "HKD",
+        "CAD",
+        "INR",
+        "DKK",
+        "GBP",
+        "RUB",
+        "NZD",
+        "MXN",
+        "IDR",
+        "TWD",
+        "THB",
+        "VND",
+    ]
+    with Live(console=console) as live_table:
+        exchange_rate_dict: Dict[Tuple[str, str], float] = {}
+
+        for index in range(100):
+            select_exchange = exchanges[index % len(exchanges)]
+
+            for exchange in exchanges:
+                if exchange == select_exchange:
+                    continue
+                time.sleep(0.4)
+                if random.randint(0, 10) < 1:
+                    console.log(next(examples))
+                exchange_rate_dict[(select_exchange, exchange)] = 200 / (
+                    (random.random() * 320) + 1
+                )
+                if len(exchange_rate_dict) > len(exchanges) - 1:
+                    exchange_rate_dict.pop(list(exchange_rate_dict.keys())[0])
+                table = Table(title="Exchange Rates")
+
+                table.add_column("Source Currency")
+                table.add_column("Destination Currency")
+                table.add_column("Exchange Rate")
+
+                for ((source, dest), exchange_rate) in exchange_rate_dict.items():
+                    table.add_row(
+                        source,
+                        dest,
+                        Text(
+                            f"{exchange_rate:.4f}",
+                            style="red" if exchange_rate < 1.0 else "green",
+                        ),
+                    )
+
+                live_table.update(Align.center(table))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/live_render.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/live_render.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b90fbf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/live_render.py
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+import sys
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Literal
+else:
+    from pip._vendor.typing_extensions import Literal  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+from ._loop import loop_last
+from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderableType, RenderResult
+from .control import Control
+from .segment import ControlType, Segment
+from .style import StyleType
+from .text import Text
+
+VerticalOverflowMethod = Literal["crop", "ellipsis", "visible"]
+
+
+class LiveRender:
+    """Creates a renderable that may be updated.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType): Any renderable object.
+        style (StyleType, optional): An optional style to apply to the renderable. Defaults to "".
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        renderable: RenderableType,
+        style: StyleType = "",
+        vertical_overflow: VerticalOverflowMethod = "ellipsis",
+    ) -> None:
+        self.renderable = renderable
+        self.style = style
+        self.vertical_overflow = vertical_overflow
+        self._shape: Optional[Tuple[int, int]] = None
+
+    def set_renderable(self, renderable: RenderableType) -> None:
+        """Set a new renderable.
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType): Any renderable object, including str.
+        """
+        self.renderable = renderable
+
+    def position_cursor(self) -> Control:
+        """Get control codes to move cursor to beginning of live render.
+
+        Returns:
+            Control: A control instance that may be printed.
+        """
+        if self._shape is not None:
+            _, height = self._shape
+            return Control(
+                ControlType.CARRIAGE_RETURN,
+                (ControlType.ERASE_IN_LINE, 2),
+                *(
+                    (
+                        (ControlType.CURSOR_UP, 1),
+                        (ControlType.ERASE_IN_LINE, 2),
+                    )
+                    * (height - 1)
+                )
+            )
+        return Control()
+
+    def restore_cursor(self) -> Control:
+        """Get control codes to clear the render and restore the cursor to its previous position.
+
+        Returns:
+            Control: A Control instance that may be printed.
+        """
+        if self._shape is not None:
+            _, height = self._shape
+            return Control(
+                ControlType.CARRIAGE_RETURN,
+                *((ControlType.CURSOR_UP, 1), (ControlType.ERASE_IN_LINE, 2)) * height
+            )
+        return Control()
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+
+        renderable = self.renderable
+        style = console.get_style(self.style)
+        lines = console.render_lines(renderable, options, style=style, pad=False)
+        shape = Segment.get_shape(lines)
+
+        _, height = shape
+        if height > options.size.height:
+            if self.vertical_overflow == "crop":
+                lines = lines[: options.size.height]
+                shape = Segment.get_shape(lines)
+            elif self.vertical_overflow == "ellipsis":
+                lines = lines[: (options.size.height - 1)]
+                overflow_text = Text(
+                    "...",
+                    overflow="crop",
+                    justify="center",
+                    end="",
+                    style="live.ellipsis",
+                )
+                lines.append(list(console.render(overflow_text)))
+                shape = Segment.get_shape(lines)
+        self._shape = shape
+
+        new_line = Segment.line()
+        for last, line in loop_last(lines):
+            yield from line
+            if not last:
+                yield new_line
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/logging.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/logging.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..002f1f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/logging.py
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+import logging
+from datetime import datetime
+from logging import Handler, LogRecord
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import ClassVar, List, Optional, Type, Union
+
+from . import get_console
+from ._log_render import LogRender, FormatTimeCallable
+from .console import Console, ConsoleRenderable
+from .highlighter import Highlighter, ReprHighlighter
+from .text import Text
+from .traceback import Traceback
+
+
+class RichHandler(Handler):
+    """A logging handler that renders output with Rich. The time / level / message and file are displayed in columns.
+    The level is color coded, and the message is syntax highlighted.
+
+    Note:
+        Be careful when enabling console markup in log messages if you have configured logging for libraries not
+        under your control. If a dependency writes messages containing square brackets, it may not produce the intended output.
+
+    Args:
+        level (Union[int, str], optional): Log level. Defaults to logging.NOTSET.
+        console (:class:`~rich.console.Console`, optional): Optional console instance to write logs.
+            Default will use a global console instance writing to stdout.
+        show_time (bool, optional): Show a column for the time. Defaults to True.
+        omit_repeated_times (bool, optional): Omit repetition of the same time. Defaults to True.
+        show_level (bool, optional): Show a column for the level. Defaults to True.
+        show_path (bool, optional): Show the path to the original log call. Defaults to True.
+        enable_link_path (bool, optional): Enable terminal link of path column to file. Defaults to True.
+        highlighter (Highlighter, optional): Highlighter to style log messages, or None to use ReprHighlighter. Defaults to None.
+        markup (bool, optional): Enable console markup in log messages. Defaults to False.
+        rich_tracebacks (bool, optional): Enable rich tracebacks with syntax highlighting and formatting. Defaults to False.
+        tracebacks_width (Optional[int], optional): Number of characters used to render tracebacks, or None for full width. Defaults to None.
+        tracebacks_extra_lines (int, optional): Additional lines of code to render tracebacks, or None for full width. Defaults to None.
+        tracebacks_theme (str, optional): Override pygments theme used in traceback.
+        tracebacks_word_wrap (bool, optional): Enable word wrapping of long tracebacks lines. Defaults to True.
+        tracebacks_show_locals (bool, optional): Enable display of locals in tracebacks. Defaults to False.
+        locals_max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+            Defaults to 10.
+        locals_max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to 80.
+        log_time_format (Union[str, TimeFormatterCallable], optional): If ``log_time`` is enabled, either string for strftime or callable that formats the time. Defaults to "[%x %X] ".
+    """
+
+    KEYWORDS: ClassVar[Optional[List[str]]] = [
+        "GET",
+        "POST",
+        "HEAD",
+        "PUT",
+        "DELETE",
+        "OPTIONS",
+        "TRACE",
+        "PATCH",
+    ]
+    HIGHLIGHTER_CLASS: ClassVar[Type[Highlighter]] = ReprHighlighter
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        level: Union[int, str] = logging.NOTSET,
+        console: Optional[Console] = None,
+        *,
+        show_time: bool = True,
+        omit_repeated_times: bool = True,
+        show_level: bool = True,
+        show_path: bool = True,
+        enable_link_path: bool = True,
+        highlighter: Optional[Highlighter] = None,
+        markup: bool = False,
+        rich_tracebacks: bool = False,
+        tracebacks_width: Optional[int] = None,
+        tracebacks_extra_lines: int = 3,
+        tracebacks_theme: Optional[str] = None,
+        tracebacks_word_wrap: bool = True,
+        tracebacks_show_locals: bool = False,
+        locals_max_length: int = 10,
+        locals_max_string: int = 80,
+        log_time_format: Union[str, FormatTimeCallable] = "[%x %X]",
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(level=level)
+        self.console = console or get_console()
+        self.highlighter = highlighter or self.HIGHLIGHTER_CLASS()
+        self._log_render = LogRender(
+            show_time=show_time,
+            show_level=show_level,
+            show_path=show_path,
+            time_format=log_time_format,
+            omit_repeated_times=omit_repeated_times,
+            level_width=None,
+        )
+        self.enable_link_path = enable_link_path
+        self.markup = markup
+        self.rich_tracebacks = rich_tracebacks
+        self.tracebacks_width = tracebacks_width
+        self.tracebacks_extra_lines = tracebacks_extra_lines
+        self.tracebacks_theme = tracebacks_theme
+        self.tracebacks_word_wrap = tracebacks_word_wrap
+        self.tracebacks_show_locals = tracebacks_show_locals
+        self.locals_max_length = locals_max_length
+        self.locals_max_string = locals_max_string
+
+    def get_level_text(self, record: LogRecord) -> Text:
+        """Get the level name from the record.
+
+        Args:
+            record (LogRecord): LogRecord instance.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: A tuple of the style and level name.
+        """
+        level_name = record.levelname
+        level_text = Text.styled(
+            level_name.ljust(8), f"logging.level.{level_name.lower()}"
+        )
+        return level_text
+
+    def emit(self, record: LogRecord) -> None:
+        """Invoked by logging."""
+        message = self.format(record)
+        traceback = None
+        if (
+            self.rich_tracebacks
+            and record.exc_info
+            and record.exc_info != (None, None, None)
+        ):
+            exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = record.exc_info
+            assert exc_type is not None
+            assert exc_value is not None
+            traceback = Traceback.from_exception(
+                exc_type,
+                exc_value,
+                exc_traceback,
+                width=self.tracebacks_width,
+                extra_lines=self.tracebacks_extra_lines,
+                theme=self.tracebacks_theme,
+                word_wrap=self.tracebacks_word_wrap,
+                show_locals=self.tracebacks_show_locals,
+                locals_max_length=self.locals_max_length,
+                locals_max_string=self.locals_max_string,
+            )
+            message = record.getMessage()
+            if self.formatter:
+                record.message = record.getMessage()
+                formatter = self.formatter
+                if hasattr(formatter, "usesTime") and formatter.usesTime():
+                    record.asctime = formatter.formatTime(record, formatter.datefmt)
+                message = formatter.formatMessage(record)
+
+        message_renderable = self.render_message(record, message)
+        log_renderable = self.render(
+            record=record, traceback=traceback, message_renderable=message_renderable
+        )
+        try:
+            self.console.print(log_renderable)
+        except Exception:
+            self.handleError(record)
+
+    def render_message(self, record: LogRecord, message: str) -> "ConsoleRenderable":
+        """Render message text in to Text.
+
+        record (LogRecord): logging Record.
+        message (str): String containing log message.
+
+        Returns:
+            ConsoleRenderable: Renderable to display log message.
+        """
+        use_markup = getattr(record, "markup", self.markup)
+        message_text = Text.from_markup(message) if use_markup else Text(message)
+
+        highlighter = getattr(record, "highlighter", self.highlighter)
+        if highlighter:
+            message_text = highlighter(message_text)
+
+        if self.KEYWORDS:
+            message_text.highlight_words(self.KEYWORDS, "logging.keyword")
+        return message_text
+
+    def render(
+        self,
+        *,
+        record: LogRecord,
+        traceback: Optional[Traceback],
+        message_renderable: "ConsoleRenderable",
+    ) -> "ConsoleRenderable":
+        """Render log for display.
+
+        Args:
+            record (LogRecord): logging Record.
+            traceback (Optional[Traceback]): Traceback instance or None for no Traceback.
+            message_renderable (ConsoleRenderable): Renderable (typically Text) containing log message contents.
+
+        Returns:
+            ConsoleRenderable: Renderable to display log.
+        """
+        path = Path(record.pathname).name
+        level = self.get_level_text(record)
+        time_format = None if self.formatter is None else self.formatter.datefmt
+        log_time = datetime.fromtimestamp(record.created)
+
+        log_renderable = self._log_render(
+            self.console,
+            [message_renderable] if not traceback else [message_renderable, traceback],
+            log_time=log_time,
+            time_format=time_format,
+            level=level,
+            path=path,
+            line_no=record.lineno,
+            link_path=record.pathname if self.enable_link_path else None,
+        )
+        return log_renderable
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from time import sleep
+
+    FORMAT = "%(message)s"
+    # FORMAT = "%(asctime)-15s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level="NOTSET",
+        format=FORMAT,
+        datefmt="[%X]",
+        handlers=[RichHandler(rich_tracebacks=True, tracebacks_show_locals=True)],
+    )
+    log = logging.getLogger("rich")
+
+    log.info("Server starting...")
+    log.info("Listening on http://127.0.0.1:8080")
+    sleep(1)
+
+    log.info("GET /index.html 200 1298")
+    log.info("GET /imgs/backgrounds/back1.jpg 200 54386")
+    log.info("GET /css/styles.css 200 54386")
+    log.warning("GET /favicon.ico 404 242")
+    sleep(1)
+
+    log.debug(
+        "JSONRPC request\n--> %r\n<-- %r",
+        {
+            "version": "1.1",
+            "method": "confirmFruitPurchase",
+            "params": [["apple", "orange", "mangoes", "pomelo"], 1.123],
+            "id": "194521489",
+        },
+        {"version": "1.1", "result": True, "error": None, "id": "194521489"},
+    )
+    log.debug(
+        "Loading configuration file /adasd/asdasd/qeqwe/qwrqwrqwr/sdgsdgsdg/werwerwer/dfgerert/ertertert/ertetert/werwerwer"
+    )
+    log.error("Unable to find 'pomelo' in database!")
+    log.info("POST /jsonrpc/ 200 65532")
+    log.info("POST /admin/ 401 42234")
+    log.warning("password was rejected for admin site.")
+
+    def divide() -> None:
+        number = 1
+        divisor = 0
+        foos = ["foo"] * 100
+        log.debug("in divide")
+        try:
+            number / divisor
+        except:
+            log.exception("An error of some kind occurred!")
+
+    divide()
+    sleep(1)
+    log.critical("Out of memory!")
+    log.info("Server exited with code=-1")
+    log.info("[bold]EXITING...[/bold]", extra=dict(markup=True))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/markup.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/markup.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6195402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/markup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+from ast import literal_eval
+from operator import attrgetter
+import re
+from typing import Callable, Iterable, List, Match, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from .errors import MarkupError
+from .style import Style
+from .text import Span, Text
+from .emoji import EmojiVariant
+from ._emoji_replace import _emoji_replace
+
+
+RE_TAGS = re.compile(
+    r"""((\\*)\[([a-z#\/@].*?)\])""",
+    re.VERBOSE,
+)
+
+RE_HANDLER = re.compile(r"^([\w\.]*?)(\(.*?\))?$")
+
+
+class Tag(NamedTuple):
+    """A tag in console markup."""
+
+    name: str
+    """The tag name. e.g. 'bold'."""
+    parameters: Optional[str]
+    """Any additional parameters after the name."""
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            self.name if self.parameters is None else f"{self.name} {self.parameters}"
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def markup(self) -> str:
+        """Get the string representation of this tag."""
+        return (
+            f"[{self.name}]"
+            if self.parameters is None
+            else f"[{self.name}={self.parameters}]"
+        )
+
+
+_ReStringMatch = Match[str]  # regex match object
+_ReSubCallable = Callable[[_ReStringMatch], str]  # Callable invoked by re.sub
+_EscapeSubMethod = Callable[[_ReSubCallable, str], str]  # Sub method of a compiled re
+
+
+def escape(
+    markup: str, _escape: _EscapeSubMethod = re.compile(r"(\\*)(\[[a-z#\/@].*?\])").sub
+) -> str:
+    """Escapes text so that it won't be interpreted as markup.
+
+    Args:
+        markup (str): Content to be inserted in to markup.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: Markup with square brackets escaped.
+    """
+
+    def escape_backslashes(match: Match[str]) -> str:
+        """Called by re.sub replace matches."""
+        backslashes, text = match.groups()
+        return f"{backslashes}{backslashes}\\{text}"
+
+    markup = _escape(escape_backslashes, markup)
+    return markup
+
+
+def _parse(markup: str) -> Iterable[Tuple[int, Optional[str], Optional[Tag]]]:
+    """Parse markup in to an iterable of tuples of (position, text, tag).
+
+    Args:
+        markup (str): A string containing console markup
+
+    """
+    position = 0
+    _divmod = divmod
+    _Tag = Tag
+    for match in RE_TAGS.finditer(markup):
+        full_text, escapes, tag_text = match.groups()
+        start, end = match.span()
+        if start > position:
+            yield start, markup[position:start], None
+        if escapes:
+            backslashes, escaped = _divmod(len(escapes), 2)
+            if backslashes:
+                # Literal backslashes
+                yield start, "\\" * backslashes, None
+                start += backslashes * 2
+            if escaped:
+                # Escape of tag
+                yield start, full_text[len(escapes) :], None
+                position = end
+                continue
+        text, equals, parameters = tag_text.partition("=")
+        yield start, None, _Tag(text, parameters if equals else None)
+        position = end
+    if position < len(markup):
+        yield position, markup[position:], None
+
+
+def render(
+    markup: str,
+    style: Union[str, Style] = "",
+    emoji: bool = True,
+    emoji_variant: Optional[EmojiVariant] = None,
+) -> Text:
+    """Render console markup in to a Text instance.
+
+    Args:
+        markup (str): A string containing console markup.
+        emoji (bool, optional): Also render emoji code. Defaults to True.
+
+    Raises:
+        MarkupError: If there is a syntax error in the markup.
+
+    Returns:
+        Text: A test instance.
+    """
+    emoji_replace = _emoji_replace
+    if "[" not in markup:
+        return Text(
+            emoji_replace(markup, default_variant=emoji_variant) if emoji else markup,
+            style=style,
+        )
+    text = Text(style=style)
+    append = text.append
+    normalize = Style.normalize
+
+    style_stack: List[Tuple[int, Tag]] = []
+    pop = style_stack.pop
+
+    spans: List[Span] = []
+    append_span = spans.append
+
+    _Span = Span
+    _Tag = Tag
+
+    def pop_style(style_name: str) -> Tuple[int, Tag]:
+        """Pop tag matching given style name."""
+        for index, (_, tag) in enumerate(reversed(style_stack), 1):
+            if tag.name == style_name:
+                return pop(-index)
+        raise KeyError(style_name)
+
+    for position, plain_text, tag in _parse(markup):
+        if plain_text is not None:
+            append(emoji_replace(plain_text) if emoji else plain_text)
+        elif tag is not None:
+            if tag.name.startswith("/"):  # Closing tag
+                style_name = tag.name[1:].strip()
+
+                if style_name:  # explicit close
+                    style_name = normalize(style_name)
+                    try:
+                        start, open_tag = pop_style(style_name)
+                    except KeyError:
+                        raise MarkupError(
+                            f"closing tag '{tag.markup}' at position {position} doesn't match any open tag"
+                        ) from None
+                else:  # implicit close
+                    try:
+                        start, open_tag = pop()
+                    except IndexError:
+                        raise MarkupError(
+                            f"closing tag '[/]' at position {position} has nothing to close"
+                        ) from None
+
+                if open_tag.name.startswith("@"):
+                    if open_tag.parameters:
+                        handler_name = ""
+                        parameters = open_tag.parameters.strip()
+                        handler_match = RE_HANDLER.match(parameters)
+                        if handler_match is not None:
+                            handler_name, match_parameters = handler_match.groups()
+                            parameters = (
+                                "()" if match_parameters is None else match_parameters
+                            )
+
+                        try:
+                            meta_params = literal_eval(parameters)
+                        except SyntaxError as error:
+                            raise MarkupError(
+                                f"error parsing {parameters!r} in {open_tag.parameters!r}; {error.msg}"
+                            )
+                        except Exception as error:
+                            raise MarkupError(
+                                f"error parsing {open_tag.parameters!r}; {error}"
+                            ) from None
+
+                        if handler_name:
+                            meta_params = (
+                                handler_name,
+                                meta_params
+                                if isinstance(meta_params, tuple)
+                                else (meta_params,),
+                            )
+
+                    else:
+                        meta_params = ()
+
+                    append_span(
+                        _Span(
+                            start, len(text), Style(meta={open_tag.name: meta_params})
+                        )
+                    )
+                else:
+                    append_span(_Span(start, len(text), str(open_tag)))
+
+            else:  # Opening tag
+                normalized_tag = _Tag(normalize(tag.name), tag.parameters)
+                style_stack.append((len(text), normalized_tag))
+
+    text_length = len(text)
+    while style_stack:
+        start, tag = style_stack.pop()
+        style = str(tag)
+        if style:
+            append_span(_Span(start, text_length, style))
+
+    text.spans = sorted(spans[::-1], key=attrgetter("start"))
+    return text
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    MARKUP = [
+        "[red]Hello World[/red]",
+        "[magenta]Hello [b]World[/b]",
+        "[bold]Bold[italic] bold and italic [/bold]italic[/italic]",
+        "Click [link=https://www.willmcgugan.com]here[/link] to visit my Blog",
+        ":warning-emoji: [bold red blink] DANGER![/]",
+    ]
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich.table import Table
+    from pip._vendor.rich import print
+
+    grid = Table("Markup", "Result", padding=(0, 1))
+
+    for markup in MARKUP:
+        grid.add_row(Text(markup), markup)
+
+    print(grid)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/measure.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/measure.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aea238d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/measure.py
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from operator import itemgetter
+from typing import Callable, Iterable, NamedTuple, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from . import errors
+from .protocol import is_renderable, rich_cast
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderableType
+
+
+class Measurement(NamedTuple):
+    """Stores the minimum and maximum widths (in characters) required to render an object."""
+
+    minimum: int
+    """Minimum number of cells required to render."""
+    maximum: int
+    """Maximum number of cells required to render."""
+
+    @property
+    def span(self) -> int:
+        """Get difference between maximum and minimum."""
+        return self.maximum - self.minimum
+
+    def normalize(self) -> "Measurement":
+        """Get measurement that ensures that minimum <= maximum and minimum >= 0
+
+        Returns:
+            Measurement: A normalized measurement.
+        """
+        minimum, maximum = self
+        minimum = min(max(0, minimum), maximum)
+        return Measurement(max(0, minimum), max(0, max(minimum, maximum)))
+
+    def with_maximum(self, width: int) -> "Measurement":
+        """Get a RenderableWith where the widths are <= width.
+
+        Args:
+            width (int): Maximum desired width.
+
+        Returns:
+            Measurement: New Measurement object.
+        """
+        minimum, maximum = self
+        return Measurement(min(minimum, width), min(maximum, width))
+
+    def with_minimum(self, width: int) -> "Measurement":
+        """Get a RenderableWith where the widths are >= width.
+
+        Args:
+            width (int): Minimum desired width.
+
+        Returns:
+            Measurement: New Measurement object.
+        """
+        minimum, maximum = self
+        width = max(0, width)
+        return Measurement(max(minimum, width), max(maximum, width))
+
+    def clamp(
+        self, min_width: Optional[int] = None, max_width: Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        """Clamp a measurement within the specified range.
+
+        Args:
+            min_width (int): Minimum desired width, or ``None`` for no minimum. Defaults to None.
+            max_width (int): Maximum desired width, or ``None`` for no maximum. Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Measurement: New Measurement object.
+        """
+        measurement = self
+        if min_width is not None:
+            measurement = measurement.with_minimum(min_width)
+        if max_width is not None:
+            measurement = measurement.with_maximum(max_width)
+        return measurement
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get(
+        cls, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions", renderable: "RenderableType"
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        """Get a measurement for a renderable.
+
+        Args:
+            console (~rich.console.Console): Console instance.
+            options (~rich.console.ConsoleOptions): Console options.
+            renderable (RenderableType): An object that may be rendered with Rich.
+
+        Raises:
+            errors.NotRenderableError: If the object is not renderable.
+
+        Returns:
+            Measurement: Measurement object containing range of character widths required to render the object.
+        """
+        _max_width = options.max_width
+        if _max_width < 1:
+            return Measurement(0, 0)
+        if isinstance(renderable, str):
+            renderable = console.render_str(renderable, markup=options.markup)
+        renderable = rich_cast(renderable)
+        if is_renderable(renderable):
+            get_console_width: Optional[
+                Callable[["Console", "ConsoleOptions"], "Measurement"]
+            ] = getattr(renderable, "__rich_measure__", None)
+            if get_console_width is not None:
+                render_width = (
+                    get_console_width(console, options)
+                    .normalize()
+                    .with_maximum(_max_width)
+                )
+                if render_width.maximum < 1:
+                    return Measurement(0, 0)
+                return render_width.normalize()
+            else:
+                return Measurement(0, _max_width)
+        else:
+            raise errors.NotRenderableError(
+                f"Unable to get render width for {renderable!r}; "
+                "a str, Segment, or object with __rich_console__ method is required"
+            )
+
+
+def measure_renderables(
+    console: "Console",
+    options: "ConsoleOptions",
+    renderables: Iterable["RenderableType"],
+) -> "Measurement":
+    """Get a measurement that would fit a number of renderables.
+
+    Args:
+        console (~rich.console.Console): Console instance.
+        options (~rich.console.ConsoleOptions): Console options.
+        renderables (Iterable[RenderableType]): One or more renderable objects.
+
+    Returns:
+        Measurement: Measurement object containing range of character widths required to
+            contain all given renderables.
+    """
+    if not renderables:
+        return Measurement(0, 0)
+    get_measurement = Measurement.get
+    measurements = [
+        get_measurement(console, options, renderable) for renderable in renderables
+    ]
+    measured_width = Measurement(
+        max(measurements, key=itemgetter(0)).minimum,
+        max(measurements, key=itemgetter(1)).maximum,
+    )
+    return measured_width
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/padding.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/padding.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b2204f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/padding.py
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+from typing import cast, List, Optional, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING, Union
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import (
+        Console,
+        ConsoleOptions,
+        RenderableType,
+        RenderResult,
+    )
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .style import Style
+from .segment import Segment
+
+
+PaddingDimensions = Union[int, Tuple[int], Tuple[int, int], Tuple[int, int, int, int]]
+
+
+class Padding(JupyterMixin):
+    """Draw space around content.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> print(Padding("Hello", (2, 4), style="on blue"))
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType): String or other renderable.
+        pad (Union[int, Tuple[int]]): Padding for top, right, bottom, and left borders.
+            May be specified with 1, 2, or 4 integers (CSS style).
+        style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style for padding characters. Defaults to "none".
+        expand (bool, optional): Expand padding to fit available width. Defaults to True.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        renderable: "RenderableType",
+        pad: "PaddingDimensions" = (0, 0, 0, 0),
+        *,
+        style: Union[str, Style] = "none",
+        expand: bool = True,
+    ):
+        self.renderable = renderable
+        self.top, self.right, self.bottom, self.left = self.unpack(pad)
+        self.style = style
+        self.expand = expand
+
+    @classmethod
+    def indent(cls, renderable: "RenderableType", level: int) -> "Padding":
+        """Make padding instance to render an indent.
+
+        Args:
+            renderable (RenderableType): String or other renderable.
+            level (int): Number of characters to indent.
+
+        Returns:
+            Padding: A Padding instance.
+        """
+
+        return Padding(renderable, pad=(0, 0, 0, level), expand=False)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def unpack(pad: "PaddingDimensions") -> Tuple[int, int, int, int]:
+        """Unpack padding specified in CSS style."""
+        if isinstance(pad, int):
+            return (pad, pad, pad, pad)
+        if len(pad) == 1:
+            _pad = pad[0]
+            return (_pad, _pad, _pad, _pad)
+        if len(pad) == 2:
+            pad_top, pad_right = cast(Tuple[int, int], pad)
+            return (pad_top, pad_right, pad_top, pad_right)
+        if len(pad) == 4:
+            top, right, bottom, left = cast(Tuple[int, int, int, int], pad)
+            return (top, right, bottom, left)
+        raise ValueError(f"1, 2 or 4 integers required for padding; {len(pad)} given")
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Padding({self.renderable!r}, ({self.top},{self.right},{self.bottom},{self.left}))"
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        style = console.get_style(self.style)
+        if self.expand:
+            width = options.max_width
+        else:
+            width = min(
+                Measurement.get(console, options, self.renderable).maximum
+                + self.left
+                + self.right,
+                options.max_width,
+            )
+        render_options = options.update_width(width - self.left - self.right)
+        if render_options.height is not None:
+            render_options = render_options.update_height(
+                height=render_options.height - self.top - self.bottom
+            )
+        lines = console.render_lines(
+            self.renderable, render_options, style=style, pad=True
+        )
+        _Segment = Segment
+
+        left = _Segment(" " * self.left, style) if self.left else None
+        right = (
+            [_Segment(f'{" " * self.right}', style), _Segment.line()]
+            if self.right
+            else [_Segment.line()]
+        )
+        blank_line: Optional[List[Segment]] = None
+        if self.top:
+            blank_line = [_Segment(f'{" " * width}\n', style)]
+            yield from blank_line * self.top
+        if left:
+            for line in lines:
+                yield left
+                yield from line
+                yield from right
+        else:
+            for line in lines:
+                yield from line
+                yield from right
+        if self.bottom:
+            blank_line = blank_line or [_Segment(f'{" " * width}\n', style)]
+            yield from blank_line * self.bottom
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        max_width = options.max_width
+        extra_width = self.left + self.right
+        if max_width - extra_width < 1:
+            return Measurement(max_width, max_width)
+        measure_min, measure_max = Measurement.get(console, options, self.renderable)
+        measurement = Measurement(measure_min + extra_width, measure_max + extra_width)
+        measurement = measurement.with_maximum(max_width)
+        return measurement
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  #  pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich import print
+
+    print(Padding("Hello, World", (2, 4), style="on blue"))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/pager.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/pager.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbfb973
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/pager.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+
+class Pager(ABC):
+    """Base class for a pager."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def show(self, content: str) -> None:
+        """Show content in pager.
+
+        Args:
+            content (str): Content to be displayed.
+        """
+
+
+class SystemPager(Pager):
+    """Uses the pager installed on the system."""
+
+    def _pager(self, content: str) -> Any:  #  pragma: no cover
+        return __import__("pydoc").pager(content)
+
+    def show(self, content: str) -> None:
+        """Use the same pager used by pydoc."""
+        self._pager(content)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from .__main__ import make_test_card
+    from .console import Console
+
+    console = Console()
+    with console.pager(styles=True):
+        console.print(make_test_card())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/palette.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/palette.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa0c4dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/palette.py
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+from math import sqrt
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import Sequence, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .color_triplet import ColorTriplet
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._vendor.rich.table import Table
+
+
+class Palette:
+    """A palette of available colors."""
+
+    def __init__(self, colors: Sequence[Tuple[int, int, int]]):
+        self._colors = colors
+
+    def __getitem__(self, number: int) -> ColorTriplet:
+        return ColorTriplet(*self._colors[number])
+
+    def __rich__(self) -> "Table":
+        from pip._vendor.rich.color import Color
+        from pip._vendor.rich.style import Style
+        from pip._vendor.rich.text import Text
+        from pip._vendor.rich.table import Table
+
+        table = Table(
+            "index",
+            "RGB",
+            "Color",
+            title="Palette",
+            caption=f"{len(self._colors)} colors",
+            highlight=True,
+            caption_justify="right",
+        )
+        for index, color in enumerate(self._colors):
+            table.add_row(
+                str(index),
+                repr(color),
+                Text(" " * 16, style=Style(bgcolor=Color.from_rgb(*color))),
+            )
+        return table
+
+    # This is somewhat inefficient and needs caching
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=1024)
+    def match(self, color: Tuple[int, int, int]) -> int:
+        """Find a color from a palette that most closely matches a given color.
+
+        Args:
+            color (Tuple[int, int, int]): RGB components in range 0 > 255.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: Index of closes matching color.
+        """
+        red1, green1, blue1 = color
+        _sqrt = sqrt
+        get_color = self._colors.__getitem__
+
+        def get_color_distance(index: int) -> float:
+            """Get the distance to a color."""
+            red2, green2, blue2 = get_color(index)
+            red_mean = (red1 + red2) // 2
+            red = red1 - red2
+            green = green1 - green2
+            blue = blue1 - blue2
+            return _sqrt(
+                (((512 + red_mean) * red * red) >> 8)
+                + 4 * green * green
+                + (((767 - red_mean) * blue * blue) >> 8)
+            )
+
+        min_index = min(range(len(self._colors)), key=get_color_distance)
+        return min_index
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import colorsys
+    from typing import Iterable
+    from pip._vendor.rich.color import Color
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console, ConsoleOptions
+    from pip._vendor.rich.segment import Segment
+    from pip._vendor.rich.style import Style
+
+    class ColorBox:
+        def __rich_console__(
+            self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+        ) -> Iterable[Segment]:
+            height = console.size.height - 3
+            for y in range(0, height):
+                for x in range(options.max_width):
+                    h = x / options.max_width
+                    l = y / (height + 1)
+                    r1, g1, b1 = colorsys.hls_to_rgb(h, l, 1.0)
+                    r2, g2, b2 = colorsys.hls_to_rgb(h, l + (1 / height / 2), 1.0)
+                    bgcolor = Color.from_rgb(r1 * 255, g1 * 255, b1 * 255)
+                    color = Color.from_rgb(r2 * 255, g2 * 255, b2 * 255)
+                    yield Segment("▄", Style(color=color, bgcolor=bgcolor))
+                yield Segment.line()
+
+    console = Console()
+    console.print(ColorBox())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/panel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/panel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..151fe5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/panel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .box import Box, ROUNDED
+
+from .align import AlignMethod
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement, measure_renderables
+from .padding import Padding, PaddingDimensions
+from .style import StyleType
+from .text import Text, TextType
+from .segment import Segment
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderableType, RenderResult
+
+
+class Panel(JupyterMixin):
+    """A console renderable that draws a border around its contents.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> console.print(Panel("Hello, World!"))
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType): A console renderable object.
+        box (Box, optional): A Box instance that defines the look of the border (see :ref:`appendix_box`.
+            Defaults to box.ROUNDED.
+        safe_box (bool, optional): Disable box characters that don't display on windows legacy terminal with *raster* fonts. Defaults to True.
+        expand (bool, optional): If True the panel will stretch to fill the console
+            width, otherwise it will be sized to fit the contents. Defaults to True.
+        style (str, optional): The style of the panel (border and contents). Defaults to "none".
+        border_style (str, optional): The style of the border. Defaults to "none".
+        width (Optional[int], optional): Optional width of panel. Defaults to None to auto-detect.
+        height (Optional[int], optional): Optional height of panel. Defaults to None to auto-detect.
+        padding (Optional[PaddingDimensions]): Optional padding around renderable. Defaults to 0.
+        highlight (bool, optional): Enable automatic highlighting of panel title (if str). Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        renderable: "RenderableType",
+        box: Box = ROUNDED,
+        *,
+        title: Optional[TextType] = None,
+        title_align: AlignMethod = "center",
+        subtitle: Optional[TextType] = None,
+        subtitle_align: AlignMethod = "center",
+        safe_box: Optional[bool] = None,
+        expand: bool = True,
+        style: StyleType = "none",
+        border_style: StyleType = "none",
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        height: Optional[int] = None,
+        padding: PaddingDimensions = (0, 1),
+        highlight: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.renderable = renderable
+        self.box = box
+        self.title = title
+        self.title_align: AlignMethod = title_align
+        self.subtitle = subtitle
+        self.subtitle_align = subtitle_align
+        self.safe_box = safe_box
+        self.expand = expand
+        self.style = style
+        self.border_style = border_style
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+        self.padding = padding
+        self.highlight = highlight
+
+    @classmethod
+    def fit(
+        cls,
+        renderable: "RenderableType",
+        box: Box = ROUNDED,
+        *,
+        title: Optional[TextType] = None,
+        title_align: AlignMethod = "center",
+        subtitle: Optional[TextType] = None,
+        subtitle_align: AlignMethod = "center",
+        safe_box: Optional[bool] = None,
+        style: StyleType = "none",
+        border_style: StyleType = "none",
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        padding: PaddingDimensions = (0, 1),
+    ) -> "Panel":
+        """An alternative constructor that sets expand=False."""
+        return cls(
+            renderable,
+            box,
+            title=title,
+            title_align=title_align,
+            subtitle=subtitle,
+            subtitle_align=subtitle_align,
+            safe_box=safe_box,
+            style=style,
+            border_style=border_style,
+            width=width,
+            padding=padding,
+            expand=False,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def _title(self) -> Optional[Text]:
+        if self.title:
+            title_text = (
+                Text.from_markup(self.title)
+                if isinstance(self.title, str)
+                else self.title.copy()
+            )
+            title_text.end = ""
+            title_text.plain = title_text.plain.replace("\n", " ")
+            title_text.no_wrap = True
+            title_text.expand_tabs()
+            title_text.pad(1)
+            return title_text
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def _subtitle(self) -> Optional[Text]:
+        if self.subtitle:
+            subtitle_text = (
+                Text.from_markup(self.subtitle)
+                if isinstance(self.subtitle, str)
+                else self.subtitle.copy()
+            )
+            subtitle_text.end = ""
+            subtitle_text.plain = subtitle_text.plain.replace("\n", " ")
+            subtitle_text.no_wrap = True
+            subtitle_text.expand_tabs()
+            subtitle_text.pad(1)
+            return subtitle_text
+        return None
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        _padding = Padding.unpack(self.padding)
+        renderable = (
+            Padding(self.renderable, _padding) if any(_padding) else self.renderable
+        )
+        style = console.get_style(self.style)
+        border_style = style + console.get_style(self.border_style)
+        width = (
+            options.max_width
+            if self.width is None
+            else min(options.max_width, self.width)
+        )
+
+        safe_box: bool = console.safe_box if self.safe_box is None else self.safe_box
+        box = self.box.substitute(options, safe=safe_box)
+
+        title_text = self._title
+        if title_text is not None:
+            title_text.style = border_style
+
+        child_width = (
+            width - 2
+            if self.expand
+            else console.measure(
+                renderable, options=options.update_width(width - 2)
+            ).maximum
+        )
+        child_height = self.height or options.height or None
+        if child_height:
+            child_height -= 2
+        if title_text is not None:
+            child_width = min(
+                options.max_width - 2, max(child_width, title_text.cell_len + 2)
+            )
+
+        width = child_width + 2
+        child_options = options.update(
+            width=child_width, height=child_height, highlight=self.highlight
+        )
+        lines = console.render_lines(renderable, child_options, style=style)
+
+        line_start = Segment(box.mid_left, border_style)
+        line_end = Segment(f"{box.mid_right}", border_style)
+        new_line = Segment.line()
+        if title_text is None or width <= 4:
+            yield Segment(box.get_top([width - 2]), border_style)
+        else:
+            title_text.align(self.title_align, width - 4, character=box.top)
+            yield Segment(box.top_left + box.top, border_style)
+            yield from console.render(title_text)
+            yield Segment(box.top + box.top_right, border_style)
+
+        yield new_line
+        for line in lines:
+            yield line_start
+            yield from line
+            yield line_end
+            yield new_line
+
+        subtitle_text = self._subtitle
+        if subtitle_text is not None:
+            subtitle_text.style = border_style
+
+        if subtitle_text is None or width <= 4:
+            yield Segment(box.get_bottom([width - 2]), border_style)
+        else:
+            subtitle_text.align(self.subtitle_align, width - 4, character=box.bottom)
+            yield Segment(box.bottom_left + box.bottom, border_style)
+            yield from console.render(subtitle_text)
+            yield Segment(box.bottom + box.bottom_right, border_style)
+
+        yield new_line
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        _title = self._title
+        _, right, _, left = Padding.unpack(self.padding)
+        padding = left + right
+        renderables = [self.renderable, _title] if _title else [self.renderable]
+
+        if self.width is None:
+            width = (
+                measure_renderables(
+                    console,
+                    options.update_width(options.max_width - padding - 2),
+                    renderables,
+                ).maximum
+                + padding
+                + 2
+            )
+        else:
+            width = self.width
+        return Measurement(width, width)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from .console import Console
+
+    c = Console()
+
+    from .padding import Padding
+    from .box import ROUNDED, DOUBLE
+
+    p = Panel(
+        "Hello, World!",
+        title="rich.Panel",
+        style="white on blue",
+        box=DOUBLE,
+        padding=1,
+    )
+
+    c.print()
+    c.print(p)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/pretty.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/pretty.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..606ee33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/pretty.py
@@ -0,0 +1,903 @@
+import builtins
+import dataclasses
+import inspect
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+from array import array
+from collections import Counter, UserDict, UserList, defaultdict, deque
+from dataclasses import dataclass, fields, is_dataclass
+from inspect import isclass
+from itertools import islice
+from types import MappingProxyType
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    DefaultDict,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from pip._vendor.rich.repr import RichReprResult
+
+try:
+    import attr as _attr_module
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    _attr_module = None  # type: ignore
+
+
+from . import get_console
+from ._loop import loop_last
+from ._pick import pick_bool
+from .abc import RichRenderable
+from .cells import cell_len
+from .highlighter import ReprHighlighter
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin, JupyterRenderable
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .text import Text
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import (
+        Console,
+        ConsoleOptions,
+        HighlighterType,
+        JustifyMethod,
+        OverflowMethod,
+        RenderResult,
+    )
+
+
+def _is_attr_object(obj: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if an object was created with attrs module."""
+    return _attr_module is not None and _attr_module.has(type(obj))
+
+
+def _get_attr_fields(obj: Any) -> Iterable["_attr_module.Attribute[Any]"]:
+    """Get fields for an attrs object."""
+    return _attr_module.fields(type(obj)) if _attr_module is not None else []
+
+
+def _is_dataclass_repr(obj: object) -> bool:
+    """Check if an instance of a dataclass contains the default repr.
+
+    Args:
+        obj (object): A dataclass instance.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the default repr is used, False if there is a custom repr.
+    """
+    # Digging in to a lot of internals here
+    # Catching all exceptions in case something is missing on a non CPython implementation
+    try:
+        return obj.__repr__.__code__.co_filename == dataclasses.__file__
+    except Exception:  # pragma: no coverage
+        return False
+
+
+def _ipy_display_hook(
+    value: Any,
+    console: Optional["Console"] = None,
+    overflow: "OverflowMethod" = "ignore",
+    crop: bool = False,
+    indent_guides: bool = False,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
+    expand_all: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    from .console import ConsoleRenderable  # needed here to prevent circular import
+
+    # always skip rich generated jupyter renderables or None values
+    if isinstance(value, JupyterRenderable) or value is None:
+        return
+
+    console = console or get_console()
+    if console.is_jupyter:
+        # Delegate rendering to IPython if the object (and IPython) supports it
+        #  https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config/integrating.html#rich-display
+        ipython_repr_methods = [
+            "_repr_html_",
+            "_repr_markdown_",
+            "_repr_json_",
+            "_repr_latex_",
+            "_repr_jpeg_",
+            "_repr_png_",
+            "_repr_svg_",
+            "_repr_mimebundle_",
+        ]
+        for repr_method in ipython_repr_methods:
+            method = getattr(value, repr_method, None)
+            if inspect.ismethod(method):
+                # Calling the method ourselves isn't ideal. The interface for the `_repr_*_` methods
+                #  specifies that if they return None, then they should not be rendered
+                #  by the notebook.
+                try:
+                    repr_result = method()
+                except Exception:
+                    continue  # If the method raises, treat it as if it doesn't exist, try any others
+                if repr_result is not None:
+                    return  # Delegate rendering to IPython
+
+    # certain renderables should start on a new line
+    if isinstance(value, ConsoleRenderable):
+        console.line()
+
+    console.print(
+        value
+        if isinstance(value, RichRenderable)
+        else Pretty(
+            value,
+            overflow=overflow,
+            indent_guides=indent_guides,
+            max_length=max_length,
+            max_string=max_string,
+            expand_all=expand_all,
+            margin=12,
+        ),
+        crop=crop,
+        new_line_start=True,
+    )
+
+
+def install(
+    console: Optional["Console"] = None,
+    overflow: "OverflowMethod" = "ignore",
+    crop: bool = False,
+    indent_guides: bool = False,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
+    expand_all: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """Install automatic pretty printing in the Python REPL.
+
+    Args:
+        console (Console, optional): Console instance or ``None`` to use global console. Defaults to None.
+        overflow (Optional[OverflowMethod], optional): Overflow method. Defaults to "ignore".
+        crop (Optional[bool], optional): Enable cropping of long lines. Defaults to False.
+        indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indentation guides. Defaults to False.
+        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+            Defaults to None.
+        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to None.
+        expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all containers. Defaults to False.
+        max_frames (int): Maximum number of frames to show in a traceback, 0 for no maximum. Defaults to 100.
+    """
+    from pip._vendor.rich import get_console
+
+    console = console or get_console()
+    assert console is not None
+
+    def display_hook(value: Any) -> None:
+        """Replacement sys.displayhook which prettifies objects with Rich."""
+        if value is not None:
+            assert console is not None
+            builtins._ = None  # type: ignore
+            console.print(
+                value
+                if isinstance(value, RichRenderable)
+                else Pretty(
+                    value,
+                    overflow=overflow,
+                    indent_guides=indent_guides,
+                    max_length=max_length,
+                    max_string=max_string,
+                    expand_all=expand_all,
+                ),
+                crop=crop,
+            )
+            builtins._ = value  # type: ignore
+
+    try:  # pragma: no cover
+        ip = get_ipython()  # type: ignore
+        from IPython.core.formatters import BaseFormatter
+
+        class RichFormatter(BaseFormatter):  # type: ignore
+            pprint: bool = True
+
+            def __call__(self, value: Any) -> Any:
+                if self.pprint:
+                    return _ipy_display_hook(
+                        value,
+                        console=get_console(),
+                        overflow=overflow,
+                        indent_guides=indent_guides,
+                        max_length=max_length,
+                        max_string=max_string,
+                        expand_all=expand_all,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    return repr(value)
+
+        # replace plain text formatter with rich formatter
+        rich_formatter = RichFormatter()
+        ip.display_formatter.formatters["text/plain"] = rich_formatter
+    except Exception:
+        sys.displayhook = display_hook
+
+
+class Pretty(JupyterMixin):
+    """A rich renderable that pretty prints an object.
+
+    Args:
+        _object (Any): An object to pretty print.
+        highlighter (HighlighterType, optional): Highlighter object to apply to result, or None for ReprHighlighter. Defaults to None.
+        indent_size (int, optional): Number of spaces in indent. Defaults to 4.
+        justify (JustifyMethod, optional): Justify method, or None for default. Defaults to None.
+        overflow (OverflowMethod, optional): Overflow method, or None for default. Defaults to None.
+        no_wrap (Optional[bool], optional): Disable word wrapping. Defaults to False.
+        indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indentation guides. Defaults to False.
+        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+            Defaults to None.
+        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to None.
+        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum depth of nested data structures, or None for no maximum. Defaults to None.
+        expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all containers. Defaults to False.
+        margin (int, optional): Subtrace a margin from width to force containers to expand earlier. Defaults to 0.
+        insert_line (bool, optional): Insert a new line if the output has multiple new lines. Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        _object: Any,
+        highlighter: Optional["HighlighterType"] = None,
+        *,
+        indent_size: int = 4,
+        justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = None,
+        overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = None,
+        no_wrap: Optional[bool] = False,
+        indent_guides: bool = False,
+        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_string: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
+        expand_all: bool = False,
+        margin: int = 0,
+        insert_line: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._object = _object
+        self.highlighter = highlighter or ReprHighlighter()
+        self.indent_size = indent_size
+        self.justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = justify
+        self.overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = overflow
+        self.no_wrap = no_wrap
+        self.indent_guides = indent_guides
+        self.max_length = max_length
+        self.max_string = max_string
+        self.max_depth = max_depth
+        self.expand_all = expand_all
+        self.margin = margin
+        self.insert_line = insert_line
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        pretty_str = pretty_repr(
+            self._object,
+            max_width=options.max_width - self.margin,
+            indent_size=self.indent_size,
+            max_length=self.max_length,
+            max_string=self.max_string,
+            max_depth=self.max_depth,
+            expand_all=self.expand_all,
+        )
+        pretty_text = Text(
+            pretty_str,
+            justify=self.justify or options.justify,
+            overflow=self.overflow or options.overflow,
+            no_wrap=pick_bool(self.no_wrap, options.no_wrap),
+            style="pretty",
+        )
+        pretty_text = (
+            self.highlighter(pretty_text)
+            if pretty_text
+            else Text(
+                f"{type(self._object)}.__repr__ returned empty string",
+                style="dim italic",
+            )
+        )
+        if self.indent_guides and not options.ascii_only:
+            pretty_text = pretty_text.with_indent_guides(
+                self.indent_size, style="repr.indent"
+            )
+        if self.insert_line and "\n" in pretty_text:
+            yield ""
+        yield pretty_text
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        pretty_str = pretty_repr(
+            self._object,
+            max_width=options.max_width,
+            indent_size=self.indent_size,
+            max_length=self.max_length,
+            max_string=self.max_string,
+        )
+        text_width = (
+            max(cell_len(line) for line in pretty_str.splitlines()) if pretty_str else 0
+        )
+        return Measurement(text_width, text_width)
+
+
+def _get_braces_for_defaultdict(_object: DefaultDict[Any, Any]) -> Tuple[str, str, str]:
+    return (
+        f"defaultdict({_object.default_factory!r}, {{",
+        "})",
+        f"defaultdict({_object.default_factory!r}, {{}})",
+    )
+
+
+def _get_braces_for_array(_object: "array[Any]") -> Tuple[str, str, str]:
+    return (f"array({_object.typecode!r}, [", "])", "array({_object.typecode!r})")
+
+
+_BRACES: Dict[type, Callable[[Any], Tuple[str, str, str]]] = {
+    os._Environ: lambda _object: ("environ({", "})", "environ({})"),
+    array: _get_braces_for_array,
+    defaultdict: _get_braces_for_defaultdict,
+    Counter: lambda _object: ("Counter({", "})", "Counter()"),
+    deque: lambda _object: ("deque([", "])", "deque()"),
+    dict: lambda _object: ("{", "}", "{}"),
+    UserDict: lambda _object: ("{", "}", "{}"),
+    frozenset: lambda _object: ("frozenset({", "})", "frozenset()"),
+    list: lambda _object: ("[", "]", "[]"),
+    UserList: lambda _object: ("[", "]", "[]"),
+    set: lambda _object: ("{", "}", "set()"),
+    tuple: lambda _object: ("(", ")", "()"),
+    MappingProxyType: lambda _object: ("mappingproxy({", "})", "mappingproxy({})"),
+}
+_CONTAINERS = tuple(_BRACES.keys())
+_MAPPING_CONTAINERS = (dict, os._Environ, MappingProxyType, UserDict)
+
+
+def is_expandable(obj: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if an object may be expanded by pretty print."""
+    return (
+        isinstance(obj, _CONTAINERS)
+        or (is_dataclass(obj))
+        or (hasattr(obj, "__rich_repr__"))
+        or _is_attr_object(obj)
+    ) and not isclass(obj)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Node:
+    """A node in a repr tree. May be atomic or a container."""
+
+    key_repr: str = ""
+    value_repr: str = ""
+    open_brace: str = ""
+    close_brace: str = ""
+    empty: str = ""
+    last: bool = False
+    is_tuple: bool = False
+    children: Optional[List["Node"]] = None
+    key_separator = ": "
+    separator: str = ", "
+
+    def iter_tokens(self) -> Iterable[str]:
+        """Generate tokens for this node."""
+        if self.key_repr:
+            yield self.key_repr
+            yield self.key_separator
+        if self.value_repr:
+            yield self.value_repr
+        elif self.children is not None:
+            if self.children:
+                yield self.open_brace
+                if self.is_tuple and len(self.children) == 1:
+                    yield from self.children[0].iter_tokens()
+                    yield ","
+                else:
+                    for child in self.children:
+                        yield from child.iter_tokens()
+                        if not child.last:
+                            yield self.separator
+                yield self.close_brace
+            else:
+                yield self.empty
+
+    def check_length(self, start_length: int, max_length: int) -> bool:
+        """Check the length fits within a limit.
+
+        Args:
+            start_length (int): Starting length of the line (indent, prefix, suffix).
+            max_length (int): Maximum length.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the node can be rendered within max length, otherwise False.
+        """
+        total_length = start_length
+        for token in self.iter_tokens():
+            total_length += cell_len(token)
+            if total_length > max_length:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        repr_text = "".join(self.iter_tokens())
+        return repr_text
+
+    def render(
+        self, max_width: int = 80, indent_size: int = 4, expand_all: bool = False
+    ) -> str:
+        """Render the node to a pretty repr.
+
+        Args:
+            max_width (int, optional): Maximum width of the repr. Defaults to 80.
+            indent_size (int, optional): Size of indents. Defaults to 4.
+            expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all levels. Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A repr string of the original object.
+        """
+        lines = [_Line(node=self, is_root=True)]
+        line_no = 0
+        while line_no < len(lines):
+            line = lines[line_no]
+            if line.expandable and not line.expanded:
+                if expand_all or not line.check_length(max_width):
+                    lines[line_no : line_no + 1] = line.expand(indent_size)
+            line_no += 1
+
+        repr_str = "\n".join(str(line) for line in lines)
+        return repr_str
+
+
+@dataclass
+class _Line:
+    """A line in repr output."""
+
+    parent: Optional["_Line"] = None
+    is_root: bool = False
+    node: Optional[Node] = None
+    text: str = ""
+    suffix: str = ""
+    whitespace: str = ""
+    expanded: bool = False
+    last: bool = False
+
+    @property
+    def expandable(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the line may be expanded."""
+        return bool(self.node is not None and self.node.children)
+
+    def check_length(self, max_length: int) -> bool:
+        """Check this line fits within a given number of cells."""
+        start_length = (
+            len(self.whitespace) + cell_len(self.text) + cell_len(self.suffix)
+        )
+        assert self.node is not None
+        return self.node.check_length(start_length, max_length)
+
+    def expand(self, indent_size: int) -> Iterable["_Line"]:
+        """Expand this line by adding children on their own line."""
+        node = self.node
+        assert node is not None
+        whitespace = self.whitespace
+        assert node.children
+        if node.key_repr:
+            new_line = yield _Line(
+                text=f"{node.key_repr}{node.key_separator}{node.open_brace}",
+                whitespace=whitespace,
+            )
+        else:
+            new_line = yield _Line(text=node.open_brace, whitespace=whitespace)
+        child_whitespace = self.whitespace + " " * indent_size
+        tuple_of_one = node.is_tuple and len(node.children) == 1
+        for last, child in loop_last(node.children):
+            separator = "," if tuple_of_one else node.separator
+            line = _Line(
+                parent=new_line,
+                node=child,
+                whitespace=child_whitespace,
+                suffix=separator,
+                last=last and not tuple_of_one,
+            )
+            yield line
+
+        yield _Line(
+            text=node.close_brace,
+            whitespace=whitespace,
+            suffix=self.suffix,
+            last=self.last,
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self.last:
+            return f"{self.whitespace}{self.text}{self.node or ''}"
+        else:
+            return (
+                f"{self.whitespace}{self.text}{self.node or ''}{self.suffix.rstrip()}"
+            )
+
+
+def traverse(
+    _object: Any,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
+) -> Node:
+    """Traverse object and generate a tree.
+
+    Args:
+        _object (Any): Object to be traversed.
+        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+            Defaults to None.
+        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable truncating.
+            Defaults to None.
+        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum depth of data structures, or None for no maximum.
+            Defaults to None.
+
+    Returns:
+        Node: The root of a tree structure which can be used to render a pretty repr.
+    """
+
+    def to_repr(obj: Any) -> str:
+        """Get repr string for an object, but catch errors."""
+        if (
+            max_string is not None
+            and isinstance(obj, (bytes, str))
+            and len(obj) > max_string
+        ):
+            truncated = len(obj) - max_string
+            obj_repr = f"{obj[:max_string]!r}+{truncated}"
+        else:
+            try:
+                obj_repr = repr(obj)
+            except Exception as error:
+                obj_repr = f"<repr-error {str(error)!r}>"
+        return obj_repr
+
+    visited_ids: Set[int] = set()
+    push_visited = visited_ids.add
+    pop_visited = visited_ids.remove
+
+    def _traverse(obj: Any, root: bool = False, depth: int = 0) -> Node:
+        """Walk the object depth first."""
+
+        obj_type = type(obj)
+        py_version = (sys.version_info.major, sys.version_info.minor)
+        children: List[Node]
+        reached_max_depth = max_depth is not None and depth >= max_depth
+
+        def iter_rich_args(rich_args: Any) -> Iterable[Union[Any, Tuple[str, Any]]]:
+            for arg in rich_args:
+                if isinstance(arg, tuple):
+                    if len(arg) == 3:
+                        key, child, default = arg
+                        if default == child:
+                            continue
+                        yield key, child
+                    elif len(arg) == 2:
+                        key, child = arg
+                        yield key, child
+                    elif len(arg) == 1:
+                        yield arg[0]
+                else:
+                    yield arg
+
+        try:
+            fake_attributes = hasattr(
+                obj, "awehoi234_wdfjwljet234_234wdfoijsdfmmnxpi492"
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            fake_attributes = False
+
+        rich_repr_result: Optional[RichReprResult] = None
+        if not fake_attributes:
+            try:
+                if hasattr(obj, "__rich_repr__") and not isclass(obj):
+                    rich_repr_result = obj.__rich_repr__()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        if rich_repr_result is not None:
+            angular = getattr(obj.__rich_repr__, "angular", False)
+            args = list(iter_rich_args(rich_repr_result))
+            class_name = obj.__class__.__name__
+
+            if args:
+                children = []
+                append = children.append
+
+                if reached_max_depth:
+                    node = Node(value_repr=f"...")
+                else:
+                    if angular:
+                        node = Node(
+                            open_brace=f"<{class_name} ",
+                            close_brace=">",
+                            children=children,
+                            last=root,
+                            separator=" ",
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        node = Node(
+                            open_brace=f"{class_name}(",
+                            close_brace=")",
+                            children=children,
+                            last=root,
+                        )
+                    for last, arg in loop_last(args):
+                        if isinstance(arg, tuple):
+                            key, child = arg
+                            child_node = _traverse(child, depth=depth + 1)
+                            child_node.last = last
+                            child_node.key_repr = key
+                            child_node.key_separator = "="
+                            append(child_node)
+                        else:
+                            child_node = _traverse(arg, depth=depth + 1)
+                            child_node.last = last
+                            append(child_node)
+            else:
+                node = Node(
+                    value_repr=f"<{class_name}>" if angular else f"{class_name}()",
+                    children=[],
+                    last=root,
+                )
+        elif _is_attr_object(obj) and not fake_attributes:
+            children = []
+            append = children.append
+
+            attr_fields = _get_attr_fields(obj)
+            if attr_fields:
+                if reached_max_depth:
+                    node = Node(value_repr=f"...")
+                else:
+                    node = Node(
+                        open_brace=f"{obj.__class__.__name__}(",
+                        close_brace=")",
+                        children=children,
+                        last=root,
+                    )
+
+                    def iter_attrs() -> Iterable[
+                        Tuple[str, Any, Optional[Callable[[Any], str]]]
+                    ]:
+                        """Iterate over attr fields and values."""
+                        for attr in attr_fields:
+                            if attr.repr:
+                                try:
+                                    value = getattr(obj, attr.name)
+                                except Exception as error:
+                                    # Can happen, albeit rarely
+                                    yield (attr.name, error, None)
+                                else:
+                                    yield (
+                                        attr.name,
+                                        value,
+                                        attr.repr if callable(attr.repr) else None,
+                                    )
+
+                    for last, (name, value, repr_callable) in loop_last(iter_attrs()):
+                        if repr_callable:
+                            child_node = Node(value_repr=str(repr_callable(value)))
+                        else:
+                            child_node = _traverse(value, depth=depth + 1)
+                        child_node.last = last
+                        child_node.key_repr = name
+                        child_node.key_separator = "="
+                        append(child_node)
+            else:
+                node = Node(
+                    value_repr=f"{obj.__class__.__name__}()", children=[], last=root
+                )
+
+        elif (
+            is_dataclass(obj)
+            and not isinstance(obj, type)
+            and not fake_attributes
+            and (_is_dataclass_repr(obj) or py_version == (3, 6))
+        ):
+            obj_id = id(obj)
+            if obj_id in visited_ids:
+                # Recursion detected
+                return Node(value_repr="...")
+            push_visited(obj_id)
+
+            children = []
+            append = children.append
+            if reached_max_depth:
+                node = Node(value_repr=f"...")
+            else:
+                node = Node(
+                    open_brace=f"{obj.__class__.__name__}(",
+                    close_brace=")",
+                    children=children,
+                    last=root,
+                )
+
+                for last, field in loop_last(
+                    field for field in fields(obj) if field.repr
+                ):
+                    child_node = _traverse(getattr(obj, field.name), depth=depth + 1)
+                    child_node.key_repr = field.name
+                    child_node.last = last
+                    child_node.key_separator = "="
+                    append(child_node)
+
+                pop_visited(obj_id)
+
+        elif isinstance(obj, _CONTAINERS):
+            for container_type in _CONTAINERS:
+                if isinstance(obj, container_type):
+                    obj_type = container_type
+                    break
+
+            obj_id = id(obj)
+            if obj_id in visited_ids:
+                # Recursion detected
+                return Node(value_repr="...")
+            push_visited(obj_id)
+
+            open_brace, close_brace, empty = _BRACES[obj_type](obj)
+
+            if reached_max_depth:
+                node = Node(value_repr=f"...", last=root)
+            elif obj_type.__repr__ != type(obj).__repr__:
+                node = Node(value_repr=to_repr(obj), last=root)
+            elif obj:
+                children = []
+                node = Node(
+                    open_brace=open_brace,
+                    close_brace=close_brace,
+                    children=children,
+                    last=root,
+                )
+                append = children.append
+                num_items = len(obj)
+                last_item_index = num_items - 1
+
+                if isinstance(obj, _MAPPING_CONTAINERS):
+                    iter_items = iter(obj.items())
+                    if max_length is not None:
+                        iter_items = islice(iter_items, max_length)
+                    for index, (key, child) in enumerate(iter_items):
+                        child_node = _traverse(child, depth=depth + 1)
+                        child_node.key_repr = to_repr(key)
+                        child_node.last = index == last_item_index
+                        append(child_node)
+                else:
+                    iter_values = iter(obj)
+                    if max_length is not None:
+                        iter_values = islice(iter_values, max_length)
+                    for index, child in enumerate(iter_values):
+                        child_node = _traverse(child, depth=depth + 1)
+                        child_node.last = index == last_item_index
+                        append(child_node)
+                if max_length is not None and num_items > max_length:
+                    append(Node(value_repr=f"... +{num_items-max_length}", last=True))
+            else:
+                node = Node(empty=empty, children=[], last=root)
+
+            pop_visited(obj_id)
+        else:
+            node = Node(value_repr=to_repr(obj), last=root)
+        node.is_tuple = isinstance(obj, tuple)
+        return node
+
+    node = _traverse(_object, root=True)
+    return node
+
+
+def pretty_repr(
+    _object: Any,
+    *,
+    max_width: int = 80,
+    indent_size: int = 4,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
+    expand_all: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """Prettify repr string by expanding on to new lines to fit within a given width.
+
+    Args:
+        _object (Any): Object to repr.
+        max_width (int, optional): Desired maximum width of repr string. Defaults to 80.
+        indent_size (int, optional): Number of spaces to indent. Defaults to 4.
+        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+            Defaults to None.
+        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable truncating.
+            Defaults to None.
+        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum depth of nested data structure, or None for no depth.
+            Defaults to None.
+        expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all containers regardless of available width. Defaults to False.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: A possibly multi-line representation of the object.
+    """
+
+    if isinstance(_object, Node):
+        node = _object
+    else:
+        node = traverse(
+            _object, max_length=max_length, max_string=max_string, max_depth=max_depth
+        )
+    repr_str = node.render(
+        max_width=max_width, indent_size=indent_size, expand_all=expand_all
+    )
+    return repr_str
+
+
+def pprint(
+    _object: Any,
+    *,
+    console: Optional["Console"] = None,
+    indent_guides: bool = True,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
+    expand_all: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """A convenience function for pretty printing.
+
+    Args:
+        _object (Any): Object to pretty print.
+        console (Console, optional): Console instance, or None to use default. Defaults to None.
+        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+            Defaults to None.
+        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of strings before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to None.
+        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum depth for nested data structures, or None for unlimited depth. Defaults to None.
+        indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indentation guides. Defaults to True.
+        expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all containers. Defaults to False.
+    """
+    _console = get_console() if console is None else console
+    _console.print(
+        Pretty(
+            _object,
+            max_length=max_length,
+            max_string=max_string,
+            max_depth=max_depth,
+            indent_guides=indent_guides,
+            expand_all=expand_all,
+            overflow="ignore",
+        ),
+        soft_wrap=True,
+    )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    class BrokenRepr:
+        def __repr__(self) -> str:
+            1 / 0
+            return "this will fail"
+
+    d = defaultdict(int)
+    d["foo"] = 5
+    data = {
+        "foo": [
+            1,
+            "Hello World!",
+            100.123,
+            323.232,
+            432324.0,
+            {5, 6, 7, (1, 2, 3, 4), 8},
+        ],
+        "bar": frozenset({1, 2, 3}),
+        "defaultdict": defaultdict(
+            list, {"crumble": ["apple", "rhubarb", "butter", "sugar", "flour"]}
+        ),
+        "counter": Counter(
+            [
+                "apple",
+                "orange",
+                "pear",
+                "kumquat",
+                "kumquat",
+                "durian" * 100,
+            ]
+        ),
+        "atomic": (False, True, None),
+        "Broken": BrokenRepr(),
+    }
+    data["foo"].append(data)  # type: ignore
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich import print
+
+    print(Pretty(data, indent_guides=True, max_string=20))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/progress.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/progress.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f670db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/progress.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1036 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from collections import deque
+from collections.abc import Sized
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import timedelta
+from math import ceil
+from threading import Event, RLock, Thread
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Deque,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    NamedTuple,
+    NewType,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from . import filesize, get_console
+from .console import Console, JustifyMethod, RenderableType, Group
+from .highlighter import Highlighter
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .live import Live
+from .progress_bar import ProgressBar
+from .spinner import Spinner
+from .style import StyleType
+from .table import Column, Table
+from .text import Text, TextType
+
+TaskID = NewType("TaskID", int)
+
+ProgressType = TypeVar("ProgressType")
+
+GetTimeCallable = Callable[[], float]
+
+
+class _TrackThread(Thread):
+    """A thread to periodically update progress."""
+
+    def __init__(self, progress: "Progress", task_id: "TaskID", update_period: float):
+        self.progress = progress
+        self.task_id = task_id
+        self.update_period = update_period
+        self.done = Event()
+
+        self.completed = 0
+        super().__init__()
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        task_id = self.task_id
+        advance = self.progress.advance
+        update_period = self.update_period
+        last_completed = 0
+        wait = self.done.wait
+        while not wait(update_period):
+            completed = self.completed
+            if last_completed != completed:
+                advance(task_id, completed - last_completed)
+                last_completed = completed
+
+        self.progress.update(self.task_id, completed=self.completed, refresh=True)
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "_TrackThread":
+        self.start()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.done.set()
+        self.join()
+
+
+def track(
+    sequence: Union[Sequence[ProgressType], Iterable[ProgressType]],
+    description: str = "Working...",
+    total: Optional[float] = None,
+    auto_refresh: bool = True,
+    console: Optional[Console] = None,
+    transient: bool = False,
+    get_time: Optional[Callable[[], float]] = None,
+    refresh_per_second: float = 10,
+    style: StyleType = "bar.back",
+    complete_style: StyleType = "bar.complete",
+    finished_style: StyleType = "bar.finished",
+    pulse_style: StyleType = "bar.pulse",
+    update_period: float = 0.1,
+    disable: bool = False,
+) -> Iterable[ProgressType]:
+    """Track progress by iterating over a sequence.
+
+    Args:
+        sequence (Iterable[ProgressType]): A sequence (must support "len") you wish to iterate over.
+        description (str, optional): Description of task show next to progress bar. Defaults to "Working".
+        total: (float, optional): Total number of steps. Default is len(sequence).
+        auto_refresh (bool, optional): Automatic refresh, disable to force a refresh after each iteration. Default is True.
+        transient: (bool, optional): Clear the progress on exit. Defaults to False.
+        console (Console, optional): Console to write to. Default creates internal Console instance.
+        refresh_per_second (float): Number of times per second to refresh the progress information. Defaults to 10.
+        style (StyleType, optional): Style for the bar background. Defaults to "bar.back".
+        complete_style (StyleType, optional): Style for the completed bar. Defaults to "bar.complete".
+        finished_style (StyleType, optional): Style for a finished bar. Defaults to "bar.done".
+        pulse_style (StyleType, optional): Style for pulsing bars. Defaults to "bar.pulse".
+        update_period (float, optional): Minimum time (in seconds) between calls to update(). Defaults to 0.1.
+        disable (bool, optional): Disable display of progress.
+    Returns:
+        Iterable[ProgressType]: An iterable of the values in the sequence.
+
+    """
+
+    columns: List["ProgressColumn"] = (
+        [TextColumn("[progress.description]{task.description}")] if description else []
+    )
+    columns.extend(
+        (
+            BarColumn(
+                style=style,
+                complete_style=complete_style,
+                finished_style=finished_style,
+                pulse_style=pulse_style,
+            ),
+            TextColumn("[progress.percentage]{task.percentage:>3.0f}%"),
+            TimeRemainingColumn(),
+        )
+    )
+    progress = Progress(
+        *columns,
+        auto_refresh=auto_refresh,
+        console=console,
+        transient=transient,
+        get_time=get_time,
+        refresh_per_second=refresh_per_second or 10,
+        disable=disable,
+    )
+
+    with progress:
+        yield from progress.track(
+            sequence, total=total, description=description, update_period=update_period
+        )
+
+
+class ProgressColumn(ABC):
+    """Base class for a widget to use in progress display."""
+
+    max_refresh: Optional[float] = None
+
+    def __init__(self, table_column: Optional[Column] = None) -> None:
+        self._table_column = table_column
+        self._renderable_cache: Dict[TaskID, Tuple[float, RenderableType]] = {}
+        self._update_time: Optional[float] = None
+
+    def get_table_column(self) -> Column:
+        """Get a table column, used to build tasks table."""
+        return self._table_column or Column()
+
+    def __call__(self, task: "Task") -> RenderableType:
+        """Called by the Progress object to return a renderable for the given task.
+
+        Args:
+            task (Task): An object containing information regarding the task.
+
+        Returns:
+            RenderableType: Anything renderable (including str).
+        """
+        current_time = task.get_time()
+        if self.max_refresh is not None and not task.completed:
+            try:
+                timestamp, renderable = self._renderable_cache[task.id]
+            except KeyError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                if timestamp + self.max_refresh > current_time:
+                    return renderable
+
+        renderable = self.render(task)
+        self._renderable_cache[task.id] = (current_time, renderable)
+        return renderable
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> RenderableType:
+        """Should return a renderable object."""
+
+
+class RenderableColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """A column to insert an arbitrary column.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType, optional): Any renderable. Defaults to empty string.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, renderable: RenderableType = "", *, table_column: Optional[Column] = None
+    ):
+        self.renderable = renderable
+        super().__init__(table_column=table_column)
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> RenderableType:
+        return self.renderable
+
+
+class SpinnerColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """A column with a 'spinner' animation.
+
+    Args:
+        spinner_name (str, optional): Name of spinner animation. Defaults to "dots".
+        style (StyleType, optional): Style of spinner. Defaults to "progress.spinner".
+        speed (float, optional): Speed factor of spinner. Defaults to 1.0.
+        finished_text (TextType, optional): Text used when task is finished. Defaults to " ".
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        spinner_name: str = "dots",
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = "progress.spinner",
+        speed: float = 1.0,
+        finished_text: TextType = " ",
+        table_column: Optional[Column] = None,
+    ):
+        self.spinner = Spinner(spinner_name, style=style, speed=speed)
+        self.finished_text = (
+            Text.from_markup(finished_text)
+            if isinstance(finished_text, str)
+            else finished_text
+        )
+        super().__init__(table_column=table_column)
+
+    def set_spinner(
+        self,
+        spinner_name: str,
+        spinner_style: Optional[StyleType] = "progress.spinner",
+        speed: float = 1.0,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Set a new spinner.
+
+        Args:
+            spinner_name (str): Spinner name, see python -m rich.spinner.
+            spinner_style (Optional[StyleType], optional): Spinner style. Defaults to "progress.spinner".
+            speed (float, optional): Speed factor of spinner. Defaults to 1.0.
+        """
+        self.spinner = Spinner(spinner_name, style=spinner_style, speed=speed)
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> RenderableType:
+        text = (
+            self.finished_text
+            if task.finished
+            else self.spinner.render(task.get_time())
+        )
+        return text
+
+
+class TextColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """A column containing text."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        text_format: str,
+        style: StyleType = "none",
+        justify: JustifyMethod = "left",
+        markup: bool = True,
+        highlighter: Optional[Highlighter] = None,
+        table_column: Optional[Column] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.text_format = text_format
+        self.justify: JustifyMethod = justify
+        self.style = style
+        self.markup = markup
+        self.highlighter = highlighter
+        super().__init__(table_column=table_column or Column(no_wrap=True))
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> Text:
+        _text = self.text_format.format(task=task)
+        if self.markup:
+            text = Text.from_markup(_text, style=self.style, justify=self.justify)
+        else:
+            text = Text(_text, style=self.style, justify=self.justify)
+        if self.highlighter:
+            self.highlighter.highlight(text)
+        return text
+
+
+class BarColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """Renders a visual progress bar.
+
+    Args:
+        bar_width (Optional[int], optional): Width of bar or None for full width. Defaults to 40.
+        style (StyleType, optional): Style for the bar background. Defaults to "bar.back".
+        complete_style (StyleType, optional): Style for the completed bar. Defaults to "bar.complete".
+        finished_style (StyleType, optional): Style for a finished bar. Defaults to "bar.done".
+        pulse_style (StyleType, optional): Style for pulsing bars. Defaults to "bar.pulse".
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        bar_width: Optional[int] = 40,
+        style: StyleType = "bar.back",
+        complete_style: StyleType = "bar.complete",
+        finished_style: StyleType = "bar.finished",
+        pulse_style: StyleType = "bar.pulse",
+        table_column: Optional[Column] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.bar_width = bar_width
+        self.style = style
+        self.complete_style = complete_style
+        self.finished_style = finished_style
+        self.pulse_style = pulse_style
+        super().__init__(table_column=table_column)
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> ProgressBar:
+        """Gets a progress bar widget for a task."""
+        return ProgressBar(
+            total=max(0, task.total),
+            completed=max(0, task.completed),
+            width=None if self.bar_width is None else max(1, self.bar_width),
+            pulse=not task.started,
+            animation_time=task.get_time(),
+            style=self.style,
+            complete_style=self.complete_style,
+            finished_style=self.finished_style,
+            pulse_style=self.pulse_style,
+        )
+
+
+class TimeElapsedColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """Renders time elapsed."""
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> Text:
+        """Show time remaining."""
+        elapsed = task.finished_time if task.finished else task.elapsed
+        if elapsed is None:
+            return Text("-:--:--", style="progress.elapsed")
+        delta = timedelta(seconds=int(elapsed))
+        return Text(str(delta), style="progress.elapsed")
+
+
+class TimeRemainingColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """Renders estimated time remaining."""
+
+    # Only refresh twice a second to prevent jitter
+    max_refresh = 0.5
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> Text:
+        """Show time remaining."""
+        remaining = task.time_remaining
+        if remaining is None:
+            return Text("-:--:--", style="progress.remaining")
+        remaining_delta = timedelta(seconds=int(remaining))
+        return Text(str(remaining_delta), style="progress.remaining")
+
+
+class FileSizeColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """Renders completed filesize."""
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> Text:
+        """Show data completed."""
+        data_size = filesize.decimal(int(task.completed))
+        return Text(data_size, style="progress.filesize")
+
+
+class TotalFileSizeColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """Renders total filesize."""
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> Text:
+        """Show data completed."""
+        data_size = filesize.decimal(int(task.total))
+        return Text(data_size, style="progress.filesize.total")
+
+
+class DownloadColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """Renders file size downloaded and total, e.g. '0.5/2.3 GB'.
+
+    Args:
+        binary_units (bool, optional): Use binary units, KiB, MiB etc. Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, binary_units: bool = False, table_column: Optional[Column] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        self.binary_units = binary_units
+        super().__init__(table_column=table_column)
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> Text:
+        """Calculate common unit for completed and total."""
+        completed = int(task.completed)
+        total = int(task.total)
+        if self.binary_units:
+            unit, suffix = filesize.pick_unit_and_suffix(
+                total,
+                ["bytes", "KiB", "MiB", "GiB", "TiB", "PiB", "EiB", "ZiB", "YiB"],
+                1024,
+            )
+        else:
+            unit, suffix = filesize.pick_unit_and_suffix(
+                total, ["bytes", "KB", "MB", "GB", "TB", "PB", "EB", "ZB", "YB"], 1000
+            )
+        completed_ratio = completed / unit
+        total_ratio = total / unit
+        precision = 0 if unit == 1 else 1
+        completed_str = f"{completed_ratio:,.{precision}f}"
+        total_str = f"{total_ratio:,.{precision}f}"
+        download_status = f"{completed_str}/{total_str} {suffix}"
+        download_text = Text(download_status, style="progress.download")
+        return download_text
+
+
+class TransferSpeedColumn(ProgressColumn):
+    """Renders human readable transfer speed."""
+
+    def render(self, task: "Task") -> Text:
+        """Show data transfer speed."""
+        speed = task.finished_speed or task.speed
+        if speed is None:
+            return Text("?", style="progress.data.speed")
+        data_speed = filesize.decimal(int(speed))
+        return Text(f"{data_speed}/s", style="progress.data.speed")
+
+
+class ProgressSample(NamedTuple):
+    """Sample of progress for a given time."""
+
+    timestamp: float
+    """Timestamp of sample."""
+    completed: float
+    """Number of steps completed."""
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Task:
+    """Information regarding a progress task.
+
+    This object should be considered read-only outside of the :class:`~Progress` class.
+
+    """
+
+    id: TaskID
+    """Task ID associated with this task (used in Progress methods)."""
+
+    description: str
+    """str: Description of the task."""
+
+    total: float
+    """str: Total number of steps in this task."""
+
+    completed: float
+    """float: Number of steps completed"""
+
+    _get_time: GetTimeCallable
+    """Callable to get the current time."""
+
+    finished_time: Optional[float] = None
+    """float: Time task was finished."""
+
+    visible: bool = True
+    """bool: Indicates if this task is visible in the progress display."""
+
+    fields: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    """dict: Arbitrary fields passed in via Progress.update."""
+
+    start_time: Optional[float] = field(default=None, init=False, repr=False)
+    """Optional[float]: Time this task was started, or None if not started."""
+
+    stop_time: Optional[float] = field(default=None, init=False, repr=False)
+    """Optional[float]: Time this task was stopped, or None if not stopped."""
+
+    finished_speed: Optional[float] = None
+    """Optional[float]: The last speed for a finished task."""
+
+    _progress: Deque[ProgressSample] = field(
+        default_factory=deque, init=False, repr=False
+    )
+
+    _lock: RLock = field(repr=False, default_factory=RLock)
+    """Thread lock."""
+
+    def get_time(self) -> float:
+        """float: Get the current time, in seconds."""
+        return self._get_time()
+
+    @property
+    def started(self) -> bool:
+        """bool: Check if the task as started."""
+        return self.start_time is not None
+
+    @property
+    def remaining(self) -> float:
+        """float: Get the number of steps remaining."""
+        return self.total - self.completed
+
+    @property
+    def elapsed(self) -> Optional[float]:
+        """Optional[float]: Time elapsed since task was started, or ``None`` if the task hasn't started."""
+        if self.start_time is None:
+            return None
+        if self.stop_time is not None:
+            return self.stop_time - self.start_time
+        return self.get_time() - self.start_time
+
+    @property
+    def finished(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the task has finished."""
+        return self.finished_time is not None
+
+    @property
+    def percentage(self) -> float:
+        """float: Get progress of task as a percentage."""
+        if not self.total:
+            return 0.0
+        completed = (self.completed / self.total) * 100.0
+        completed = min(100.0, max(0.0, completed))
+        return completed
+
+    @property
+    def speed(self) -> Optional[float]:
+        """Optional[float]: Get the estimated speed in steps per second."""
+        if self.start_time is None:
+            return None
+        with self._lock:
+            progress = self._progress
+            if not progress:
+                return None
+            total_time = progress[-1].timestamp - progress[0].timestamp
+            if total_time == 0:
+                return None
+            iter_progress = iter(progress)
+            next(iter_progress)
+            total_completed = sum(sample.completed for sample in iter_progress)
+            speed = total_completed / total_time
+            return speed
+
+    @property
+    def time_remaining(self) -> Optional[float]:
+        """Optional[float]: Get estimated time to completion, or ``None`` if no data."""
+        if self.finished:
+            return 0.0
+        speed = self.speed
+        if not speed:
+            return None
+        estimate = ceil(self.remaining / speed)
+        return estimate
+
+    def _reset(self) -> None:
+        """Reset progress."""
+        self._progress.clear()
+        self.finished_time = None
+        self.finished_speed = None
+
+
+class Progress(JupyterMixin):
+    """Renders an auto-updating progress bar(s).
+
+    Args:
+        console (Console, optional): Optional Console instance. Default will an internal Console instance writing to stdout.
+        auto_refresh (bool, optional): Enable auto refresh. If disabled, you will need to call `refresh()`.
+        refresh_per_second (Optional[float], optional): Number of times per second to refresh the progress information or None to use default (10). Defaults to None.
+        speed_estimate_period: (float, optional): Period (in seconds) used to calculate the speed estimate. Defaults to 30.
+        transient: (bool, optional): Clear the progress on exit. Defaults to False.
+        redirect_stdout: (bool, optional): Enable redirection of stdout, so ``print`` may be used. Defaults to True.
+        redirect_stderr: (bool, optional): Enable redirection of stderr. Defaults to True.
+        get_time: (Callable, optional): A callable that gets the current time, or None to use Console.get_time. Defaults to None.
+        disable (bool, optional): Disable progress display. Defaults to False
+        expand (bool, optional): Expand tasks table to fit width. Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *columns: Union[str, ProgressColumn],
+        console: Optional[Console] = None,
+        auto_refresh: bool = True,
+        refresh_per_second: float = 10,
+        speed_estimate_period: float = 30.0,
+        transient: bool = False,
+        redirect_stdout: bool = True,
+        redirect_stderr: bool = True,
+        get_time: Optional[GetTimeCallable] = None,
+        disable: bool = False,
+        expand: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert (
+            refresh_per_second is None or refresh_per_second > 0
+        ), "refresh_per_second must be > 0"
+        self._lock = RLock()
+        self.columns = columns or (
+            TextColumn("[progress.description]{task.description}"),
+            BarColumn(),
+            TextColumn("[progress.percentage]{task.percentage:>3.0f}%"),
+            TimeRemainingColumn(),
+        )
+        self.speed_estimate_period = speed_estimate_period
+
+        self.disable = disable
+        self.expand = expand
+        self._tasks: Dict[TaskID, Task] = {}
+        self._task_index: TaskID = TaskID(0)
+        self.live = Live(
+            console=console or get_console(),
+            auto_refresh=auto_refresh,
+            refresh_per_second=refresh_per_second,
+            transient=transient,
+            redirect_stdout=redirect_stdout,
+            redirect_stderr=redirect_stderr,
+            get_renderable=self.get_renderable,
+        )
+        self.get_time = get_time or self.console.get_time
+        self.print = self.console.print
+        self.log = self.console.log
+
+    @property
+    def console(self) -> Console:
+        return self.live.console
+
+    @property
+    def tasks(self) -> List[Task]:
+        """Get a list of Task instances."""
+        with self._lock:
+            return list(self._tasks.values())
+
+    @property
+    def task_ids(self) -> List[TaskID]:
+        """A list of task IDs."""
+        with self._lock:
+            return list(self._tasks.keys())
+
+    @property
+    def finished(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if all tasks have been completed."""
+        with self._lock:
+            if not self._tasks:
+                return True
+            return all(task.finished for task in self._tasks.values())
+
+    def start(self) -> None:
+        """Start the progress display."""
+        if not self.disable:
+            self.live.start(refresh=True)
+
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        """Stop the progress display."""
+        self.live.stop()
+        if not self.console.is_interactive:
+            self.console.print()
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "Progress":
+        self.start()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.stop()
+
+    def track(
+        self,
+        sequence: Union[Iterable[ProgressType], Sequence[ProgressType]],
+        total: Optional[float] = None,
+        task_id: Optional[TaskID] = None,
+        description: str = "Working...",
+        update_period: float = 0.1,
+    ) -> Iterable[ProgressType]:
+        """Track progress by iterating over a sequence.
+
+        Args:
+            sequence (Sequence[ProgressType]): A sequence of values you want to iterate over and track progress.
+            total: (float, optional): Total number of steps. Default is len(sequence).
+            task_id: (TaskID): Task to track. Default is new task.
+            description: (str, optional): Description of task, if new task is created.
+            update_period (float, optional): Minimum time (in seconds) between calls to update(). Defaults to 0.1.
+
+        Returns:
+            Iterable[ProgressType]: An iterable of values taken from the provided sequence.
+        """
+
+        if total is None:
+            if isinstance(sequence, Sized):
+                task_total = float(len(sequence))
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"unable to get size of {sequence!r}, please specify 'total'"
+                )
+        else:
+            task_total = total
+
+        if task_id is None:
+            task_id = self.add_task(description, total=task_total)
+        else:
+            self.update(task_id, total=task_total)
+
+        if self.live.auto_refresh:
+            with _TrackThread(self, task_id, update_period) as track_thread:
+                for value in sequence:
+                    yield value
+                    track_thread.completed += 1
+        else:
+            advance = self.advance
+            refresh = self.refresh
+            for value in sequence:
+                yield value
+                advance(task_id, 1)
+                refresh()
+
+    def start_task(self, task_id: TaskID) -> None:
+        """Start a task.
+
+        Starts a task (used when calculating elapsed time). You may need to call this manually,
+        if you called ``add_task`` with ``start=False``.
+
+        Args:
+            task_id (TaskID): ID of task.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            task = self._tasks[task_id]
+            if task.start_time is None:
+                task.start_time = self.get_time()
+
+    def stop_task(self, task_id: TaskID) -> None:
+        """Stop a task.
+
+        This will freeze the elapsed time on the task.
+
+        Args:
+            task_id (TaskID): ID of task.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            task = self._tasks[task_id]
+            current_time = self.get_time()
+            if task.start_time is None:
+                task.start_time = current_time
+            task.stop_time = current_time
+
+    def update(
+        self,
+        task_id: TaskID,
+        *,
+        total: Optional[float] = None,
+        completed: Optional[float] = None,
+        advance: Optional[float] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        visible: Optional[bool] = None,
+        refresh: bool = False,
+        **fields: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Update information associated with a task.
+
+        Args:
+            task_id (TaskID): Task id (returned by add_task).
+            total (float, optional): Updates task.total if not None.
+            completed (float, optional): Updates task.completed if not None.
+            advance (float, optional): Add a value to task.completed if not None.
+            description (str, optional): Change task description if not None.
+            visible (bool, optional): Set visible flag if not None.
+            refresh (bool): Force a refresh of progress information. Default is False.
+            **fields (Any): Additional data fields required for rendering.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            task = self._tasks[task_id]
+            completed_start = task.completed
+
+            if total is not None and total != task.total:
+                task.total = total
+                task._reset()
+            if advance is not None:
+                task.completed += advance
+            if completed is not None:
+                task.completed = completed
+            if description is not None:
+                task.description = description
+            if visible is not None:
+                task.visible = visible
+            task.fields.update(fields)
+            update_completed = task.completed - completed_start
+
+            current_time = self.get_time()
+            old_sample_time = current_time - self.speed_estimate_period
+            _progress = task._progress
+
+            popleft = _progress.popleft
+            while _progress and _progress[0].timestamp < old_sample_time:
+                popleft()
+            while len(_progress) > 1000:
+                popleft()
+            if update_completed > 0:
+                _progress.append(ProgressSample(current_time, update_completed))
+            if task.completed >= task.total and task.finished_time is None:
+                task.finished_time = task.elapsed
+
+        if refresh:
+            self.refresh()
+
+    def reset(
+        self,
+        task_id: TaskID,
+        *,
+        start: bool = True,
+        total: Optional[float] = None,
+        completed: int = 0,
+        visible: Optional[bool] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        **fields: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Reset a task so completed is 0 and the clock is reset.
+
+        Args:
+            task_id (TaskID): ID of task.
+            start (bool, optional): Start the task after reset. Defaults to True.
+            total (float, optional): New total steps in task, or None to use current total. Defaults to None.
+            completed (int, optional): Number of steps completed. Defaults to 0.
+            **fields (str): Additional data fields required for rendering.
+        """
+        current_time = self.get_time()
+        with self._lock:
+            task = self._tasks[task_id]
+            task._reset()
+            task.start_time = current_time if start else None
+            if total is not None:
+                task.total = total
+            task.completed = completed
+            if visible is not None:
+                task.visible = visible
+            if fields:
+                task.fields = fields
+            if description is not None:
+                task.description = description
+            task.finished_time = None
+        self.refresh()
+
+    def advance(self, task_id: TaskID, advance: float = 1) -> None:
+        """Advance task by a number of steps.
+
+        Args:
+            task_id (TaskID): ID of task.
+            advance (float): Number of steps to advance. Default is 1.
+        """
+        current_time = self.get_time()
+        with self._lock:
+            task = self._tasks[task_id]
+            completed_start = task.completed
+            task.completed += advance
+            update_completed = task.completed - completed_start
+            old_sample_time = current_time - self.speed_estimate_period
+            _progress = task._progress
+
+            popleft = _progress.popleft
+            while _progress and _progress[0].timestamp < old_sample_time:
+                popleft()
+            while len(_progress) > 1000:
+                popleft()
+            _progress.append(ProgressSample(current_time, update_completed))
+            if task.completed >= task.total and task.finished_time is None:
+                task.finished_time = task.elapsed
+                task.finished_speed = task.speed
+
+    def refresh(self) -> None:
+        """Refresh (render) the progress information."""
+        if not self.disable and self.live.is_started:
+            self.live.refresh()
+
+    def get_renderable(self) -> RenderableType:
+        """Get a renderable for the progress display."""
+        renderable = Group(*self.get_renderables())
+        return renderable
+
+    def get_renderables(self) -> Iterable[RenderableType]:
+        """Get a number of renderables for the progress display."""
+        table = self.make_tasks_table(self.tasks)
+        yield table
+
+    def make_tasks_table(self, tasks: Iterable[Task]) -> Table:
+        """Get a table to render the Progress display.
+
+        Args:
+            tasks (Iterable[Task]): An iterable of Task instances, one per row of the table.
+
+        Returns:
+            Table: A table instance.
+        """
+        table_columns = (
+            (
+                Column(no_wrap=True)
+                if isinstance(_column, str)
+                else _column.get_table_column().copy()
+            )
+            for _column in self.columns
+        )
+        table = Table.grid(*table_columns, padding=(0, 1), expand=self.expand)
+
+        for task in tasks:
+            if task.visible:
+                table.add_row(
+                    *(
+                        (
+                            column.format(task=task)
+                            if isinstance(column, str)
+                            else column(task)
+                        )
+                        for column in self.columns
+                    )
+                )
+        return table
+
+    def __rich__(self) -> RenderableType:
+        """Makes the Progress class itself renderable."""
+        with self._lock:
+            return self.get_renderable()
+
+    def add_task(
+        self,
+        description: str,
+        start: bool = True,
+        total: float = 100.0,
+        completed: int = 0,
+        visible: bool = True,
+        **fields: Any,
+    ) -> TaskID:
+        """Add a new 'task' to the Progress display.
+
+        Args:
+            description (str): A description of the task.
+            start (bool, optional): Start the task immediately (to calculate elapsed time). If set to False,
+                you will need to call `start` manually. Defaults to True.
+            total (float, optional): Number of total steps in the progress if know. Defaults to 100.
+            completed (int, optional): Number of steps completed so far.. Defaults to 0.
+            visible (bool, optional): Enable display of the task. Defaults to True.
+            **fields (str): Additional data fields required for rendering.
+
+        Returns:
+            TaskID: An ID you can use when calling `update`.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            task = Task(
+                self._task_index,
+                description,
+                total,
+                completed,
+                visible=visible,
+                fields=fields,
+                _get_time=self.get_time,
+                _lock=self._lock,
+            )
+            self._tasks[self._task_index] = task
+            if start:
+                self.start_task(self._task_index)
+            new_task_index = self._task_index
+            self._task_index = TaskID(int(self._task_index) + 1)
+        self.refresh()
+        return new_task_index
+
+    def remove_task(self, task_id: TaskID) -> None:
+        """Delete a task if it exists.
+
+        Args:
+            task_id (TaskID): A task ID.
+
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            del self._tasks[task_id]
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no coverage
+
+    import random
+    import time
+
+    from .panel import Panel
+    from .rule import Rule
+    from .syntax import Syntax
+    from .table import Table
+
+    syntax = Syntax(
+        '''def loop_last(values: Iterable[T]) -> Iterable[Tuple[bool, T]]:
+    """Iterate and generate a tuple with a flag for last value."""
+    iter_values = iter(values)
+    try:
+        previous_value = next(iter_values)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return
+    for value in iter_values:
+        yield False, previous_value
+        previous_value = value
+    yield True, previous_value''',
+        "python",
+        line_numbers=True,
+    )
+
+    table = Table("foo", "bar", "baz")
+    table.add_row("1", "2", "3")
+
+    progress_renderables = [
+        "Text may be printed while the progress bars are rendering.",
+        Panel("In fact, [i]any[/i] renderable will work"),
+        "Such as [magenta]tables[/]...",
+        table,
+        "Pretty printed structures...",
+        {"type": "example", "text": "Pretty printed"},
+        "Syntax...",
+        syntax,
+        Rule("Give it a try!"),
+    ]
+
+    from itertools import cycle
+
+    examples = cycle(progress_renderables)
+
+    console = Console(record=True)
+
+    with Progress(
+        SpinnerColumn(),
+        TextColumn("[progress.description]{task.description}"),
+        BarColumn(),
+        TextColumn("[progress.percentage]{task.percentage:>3.0f}%"),
+        TimeRemainingColumn(),
+        TimeElapsedColumn(),
+        console=console,
+        transient=True,
+    ) as progress:
+
+        task1 = progress.add_task("[red]Downloading", total=1000)
+        task2 = progress.add_task("[green]Processing", total=1000)
+        task3 = progress.add_task("[yellow]Thinking", total=1000, start=False)
+
+        while not progress.finished:
+            progress.update(task1, advance=0.5)
+            progress.update(task2, advance=0.3)
+            time.sleep(0.01)
+            if random.randint(0, 100) < 1:
+                progress.log(next(examples))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/progress_bar.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/progress_bar.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1797b5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/progress_bar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+import math
+from functools import lru_cache
+from time import monotonic
+from typing import Iterable, List, Optional
+
+from .color import Color, blend_rgb
+from .color_triplet import ColorTriplet
+from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import Style, StyleType
+
+# Number of characters before 'pulse' animation repeats
+PULSE_SIZE = 20
+
+
+class ProgressBar(JupyterMixin):
+    """Renders a (progress) bar. Used by rich.progress.
+
+    Args:
+        total (float, optional): Number of steps in the bar. Defaults to 100.
+        completed (float, optional): Number of steps completed. Defaults to 0.
+        width (int, optional): Width of the bar, or ``None`` for maximum width. Defaults to None.
+        pulse (bool, optional): Enable pulse effect. Defaults to False.
+        style (StyleType, optional): Style for the bar background. Defaults to "bar.back".
+        complete_style (StyleType, optional): Style for the completed bar. Defaults to "bar.complete".
+        finished_style (StyleType, optional): Style for a finished bar. Defaults to "bar.done".
+        pulse_style (StyleType, optional): Style for pulsing bars. Defaults to "bar.pulse".
+        animation_time (Optional[float], optional): Time in seconds to use for animation, or None to use system time.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        total: float = 100.0,
+        completed: float = 0,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        pulse: bool = False,
+        style: StyleType = "bar.back",
+        complete_style: StyleType = "bar.complete",
+        finished_style: StyleType = "bar.finished",
+        pulse_style: StyleType = "bar.pulse",
+        animation_time: Optional[float] = None,
+    ):
+        self.total = total
+        self.completed = completed
+        self.width = width
+        self.pulse = pulse
+        self.style = style
+        self.complete_style = complete_style
+        self.finished_style = finished_style
+        self.pulse_style = pulse_style
+        self.animation_time = animation_time
+
+        self._pulse_segments: Optional[List[Segment]] = None
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Bar {self.completed!r} of {self.total!r}>"
+
+    @property
+    def percentage_completed(self) -> float:
+        """Calculate percentage complete."""
+        completed = (self.completed / self.total) * 100.0
+        completed = min(100, max(0.0, completed))
+        return completed
+
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=16)
+    def _get_pulse_segments(
+        self,
+        fore_style: Style,
+        back_style: Style,
+        color_system: str,
+        no_color: bool,
+        ascii: bool = False,
+    ) -> List[Segment]:
+        """Get a list of segments to render a pulse animation.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[Segment]: A list of segments, one segment per character.
+        """
+        bar = "-" if ascii else "━"
+        segments: List[Segment] = []
+        if color_system not in ("standard", "eight_bit", "truecolor") or no_color:
+            segments += [Segment(bar, fore_style)] * (PULSE_SIZE // 2)
+            segments += [Segment(" " if no_color else bar, back_style)] * (
+                PULSE_SIZE - (PULSE_SIZE // 2)
+            )
+            return segments
+
+        append = segments.append
+        fore_color = (
+            fore_style.color.get_truecolor()
+            if fore_style.color
+            else ColorTriplet(255, 0, 255)
+        )
+        back_color = (
+            back_style.color.get_truecolor()
+            if back_style.color
+            else ColorTriplet(0, 0, 0)
+        )
+        cos = math.cos
+        pi = math.pi
+        _Segment = Segment
+        _Style = Style
+        from_triplet = Color.from_triplet
+
+        for index in range(PULSE_SIZE):
+            position = index / PULSE_SIZE
+            fade = 0.5 + cos((position * pi * 2)) / 2.0
+            color = blend_rgb(fore_color, back_color, cross_fade=fade)
+            append(_Segment(bar, _Style(color=from_triplet(color))))
+        return segments
+
+    def update(self, completed: float, total: Optional[float] = None) -> None:
+        """Update progress with new values.
+
+        Args:
+            completed (float): Number of steps completed.
+            total (float, optional): Total number of steps, or ``None`` to not change. Defaults to None.
+        """
+        self.completed = completed
+        self.total = total if total is not None else self.total
+
+    def _render_pulse(
+        self, console: Console, width: int, ascii: bool = False
+    ) -> Iterable[Segment]:
+        """Renders the pulse animation.
+
+        Args:
+            console (Console): Console instance.
+            width (int): Width in characters of pulse animation.
+
+        Returns:
+            RenderResult: [description]
+
+        Yields:
+            Iterator[Segment]: Segments to render pulse
+        """
+        fore_style = console.get_style(self.pulse_style, default="white")
+        back_style = console.get_style(self.style, default="black")
+
+        pulse_segments = self._get_pulse_segments(
+            fore_style, back_style, console.color_system, console.no_color, ascii=ascii
+        )
+        segment_count = len(pulse_segments)
+        current_time = (
+            monotonic() if self.animation_time is None else self.animation_time
+        )
+        segments = pulse_segments * (int(width / segment_count) + 2)
+        offset = int(-current_time * 15) % segment_count
+        segments = segments[offset : offset + width]
+        yield from segments
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+
+        width = min(self.width or options.max_width, options.max_width)
+        ascii = options.legacy_windows or options.ascii_only
+        if self.pulse:
+            yield from self._render_pulse(console, width, ascii=ascii)
+            return
+
+        completed = min(self.total, max(0, self.completed))
+
+        bar = "-" if ascii else "━"
+        half_bar_right = " " if ascii else "╸"
+        half_bar_left = " " if ascii else "╺"
+        complete_halves = (
+            int(width * 2 * completed / self.total) if self.total else width * 2
+        )
+        bar_count = complete_halves // 2
+        half_bar_count = complete_halves % 2
+        style = console.get_style(self.style)
+        complete_style = console.get_style(
+            self.complete_style if self.completed < self.total else self.finished_style
+        )
+        _Segment = Segment
+        if bar_count:
+            yield _Segment(bar * bar_count, complete_style)
+        if half_bar_count:
+            yield _Segment(half_bar_right * half_bar_count, complete_style)
+
+        if not console.no_color:
+            remaining_bars = width - bar_count - half_bar_count
+            if remaining_bars and console.color_system is not None:
+                if not half_bar_count and bar_count:
+                    yield _Segment(half_bar_left, style)
+                    remaining_bars -= 1
+                if remaining_bars:
+                    yield _Segment(bar * remaining_bars, style)
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        return (
+            Measurement(self.width, self.width)
+            if self.width is not None
+            else Measurement(4, options.max_width)
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    console = Console()
+    bar = ProgressBar(width=50, total=100)
+
+    import time
+
+    console.show_cursor(False)
+    for n in range(0, 101, 1):
+        bar.update(n)
+        console.print(bar)
+        console.file.write("\r")
+        time.sleep(0.05)
+    console.show_cursor(True)
+    console.print()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/prompt.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/prompt.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2cea2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/prompt.py
@@ -0,0 +1,376 @@
+from typing import Any, Generic, List, Optional, TextIO, TypeVar, Union, overload
+
+from . import get_console
+from .console import Console
+from .text import Text, TextType
+
+PromptType = TypeVar("PromptType")
+DefaultType = TypeVar("DefaultType")
+
+
+class PromptError(Exception):
+    """Exception base class for prompt related errors."""
+
+
+class InvalidResponse(PromptError):
+    """Exception to indicate a response was invalid. Raise this within process_response() to indicate an error
+    and provide an error message.
+
+    Args:
+        message (Union[str, Text]): Error message.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message: TextType) -> None:
+        self.message = message
+
+    def __rich__(self) -> TextType:
+        return self.message
+
+
+class PromptBase(Generic[PromptType]):
+    """Ask the user for input until a valid response is received. This is the base class, see one of
+    the concrete classes for examples.
+
+    Args:
+        prompt (TextType, optional): Prompt text. Defaults to "".
+        console (Console, optional): A Console instance or None to use global console. Defaults to None.
+        password (bool, optional): Enable password input. Defaults to False.
+        choices (List[str], optional): A list of valid choices. Defaults to None.
+        show_default (bool, optional): Show default in prompt. Defaults to True.
+        show_choices (bool, optional): Show choices in prompt. Defaults to True.
+    """
+
+    response_type: type = str
+
+    validate_error_message = "[prompt.invalid]Please enter a valid value"
+    illegal_choice_message = (
+        "[prompt.invalid.choice]Please select one of the available options"
+    )
+    prompt_suffix = ": "
+
+    choices: Optional[List[str]] = None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        prompt: TextType = "",
+        *,
+        console: Optional[Console] = None,
+        password: bool = False,
+        choices: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        show_default: bool = True,
+        show_choices: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.console = console or get_console()
+        self.prompt = (
+            Text.from_markup(prompt, style="prompt")
+            if isinstance(prompt, str)
+            else prompt
+        )
+        self.password = password
+        if choices is not None:
+            self.choices = choices
+        self.show_default = show_default
+        self.show_choices = show_choices
+
+    @classmethod
+    @overload
+    def ask(
+        cls,
+        prompt: TextType = "",
+        *,
+        console: Optional[Console] = None,
+        password: bool = False,
+        choices: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        show_default: bool = True,
+        show_choices: bool = True,
+        default: DefaultType,
+        stream: Optional[TextIO] = None,
+    ) -> Union[DefaultType, PromptType]:
+        ...
+
+    @classmethod
+    @overload
+    def ask(
+        cls,
+        prompt: TextType = "",
+        *,
+        console: Optional[Console] = None,
+        password: bool = False,
+        choices: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        show_default: bool = True,
+        show_choices: bool = True,
+        stream: Optional[TextIO] = None,
+    ) -> PromptType:
+        ...
+
+    @classmethod
+    def ask(
+        cls,
+        prompt: TextType = "",
+        *,
+        console: Optional[Console] = None,
+        password: bool = False,
+        choices: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        show_default: bool = True,
+        show_choices: bool = True,
+        default: Any = ...,
+        stream: Optional[TextIO] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        """Shortcut to construct and run a prompt loop and return the result.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> filename = Prompt.ask("Enter a filename")
+
+        Args:
+            prompt (TextType, optional): Prompt text. Defaults to "".
+            console (Console, optional): A Console instance or None to use global console. Defaults to None.
+            password (bool, optional): Enable password input. Defaults to False.
+            choices (List[str], optional): A list of valid choices. Defaults to None.
+            show_default (bool, optional): Show default in prompt. Defaults to True.
+            show_choices (bool, optional): Show choices in prompt. Defaults to True.
+            stream (TextIO, optional): Optional text file open for reading to get input. Defaults to None.
+        """
+        _prompt = cls(
+            prompt,
+            console=console,
+            password=password,
+            choices=choices,
+            show_default=show_default,
+            show_choices=show_choices,
+        )
+        return _prompt(default=default, stream=stream)
+
+    def render_default(self, default: DefaultType) -> Text:
+        """Turn the supplied default in to a Text instance.
+
+        Args:
+            default (DefaultType): Default value.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: Text containing rendering of default value.
+        """
+        return Text(f"({default})", "prompt.default")
+
+    def make_prompt(self, default: DefaultType) -> Text:
+        """Make prompt text.
+
+        Args:
+            default (DefaultType): Default value.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: Text to display in prompt.
+        """
+        prompt = self.prompt.copy()
+        prompt.end = ""
+
+        if self.show_choices and self.choices:
+            _choices = "/".join(self.choices)
+            choices = f"[{_choices}]"
+            prompt.append(" ")
+            prompt.append(choices, "prompt.choices")
+
+        if (
+            default != ...
+            and self.show_default
+            and isinstance(default, (str, self.response_type))
+        ):
+            prompt.append(" ")
+            _default = self.render_default(default)
+            prompt.append(_default)
+
+        prompt.append(self.prompt_suffix)
+
+        return prompt
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_input(
+        cls,
+        console: Console,
+        prompt: TextType,
+        password: bool,
+        stream: Optional[TextIO] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Get input from user.
+
+        Args:
+            console (Console): Console instance.
+            prompt (TextType): Prompt text.
+            password (bool): Enable password entry.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: String from user.
+        """
+        return console.input(prompt, password=password, stream=stream)
+
+    def check_choice(self, value: str) -> bool:
+        """Check value is in the list of valid choices.
+
+        Args:
+            value (str): Value entered by user.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if choice was valid, otherwise False.
+        """
+        assert self.choices is not None
+        return value.strip() in self.choices
+
+    def process_response(self, value: str) -> PromptType:
+        """Process response from user, convert to prompt type.
+
+        Args:
+            value (str): String typed by user.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidResponse: If ``value`` is invalid.
+
+        Returns:
+            PromptType: The value to be returned from ask method.
+        """
+        value = value.strip()
+        try:
+            return_value = self.response_type(value)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise InvalidResponse(self.validate_error_message)
+
+        if self.choices is not None and not self.check_choice(value):
+            raise InvalidResponse(self.illegal_choice_message)
+
+        return return_value  # type: ignore
+
+    def on_validate_error(self, value: str, error: InvalidResponse) -> None:
+        """Called to handle validation error.
+
+        Args:
+            value (str): String entered by user.
+            error (InvalidResponse): Exception instance the initiated the error.
+        """
+        self.console.print(error)
+
+    def pre_prompt(self) -> None:
+        """Hook to display something before the prompt."""
+
+    @overload
+    def __call__(self, *, stream: Optional[TextIO] = None) -> PromptType:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def __call__(
+        self, *, default: DefaultType, stream: Optional[TextIO] = None
+    ) -> Union[PromptType, DefaultType]:
+        ...
+
+    def __call__(self, *, default: Any = ..., stream: Optional[TextIO] = None) -> Any:
+        """Run the prompt loop.
+
+        Args:
+            default (Any, optional): Optional default value.
+
+        Returns:
+            PromptType: Processed value.
+        """
+        while True:
+            self.pre_prompt()
+            prompt = self.make_prompt(default)
+            value = self.get_input(self.console, prompt, self.password, stream=stream)
+            if value == "" and default != ...:
+                return default
+            try:
+                return_value = self.process_response(value)
+            except InvalidResponse as error:
+                self.on_validate_error(value, error)
+                continue
+            else:
+                return return_value
+
+
+class Prompt(PromptBase[str]):
+    """A prompt that returns a str.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> name = Prompt.ask("Enter your name")
+
+
+    """
+
+    response_type = str
+
+
+class IntPrompt(PromptBase[int]):
+    """A prompt that returns an integer.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> burrito_count = IntPrompt.ask("How many burritos do you want to order")
+
+    """
+
+    response_type = int
+    validate_error_message = "[prompt.invalid]Please enter a valid integer number"
+
+
+class FloatPrompt(PromptBase[int]):
+    """A prompt that returns a float.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> temperature = FloatPrompt.ask("Enter desired temperature")
+
+    """
+
+    response_type = float
+    validate_error_message = "[prompt.invalid]Please enter a number"
+
+
+class Confirm(PromptBase[bool]):
+    """A yes / no confirmation prompt.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> if Confirm.ask("Continue"):
+                run_job()
+
+    """
+
+    response_type = bool
+    validate_error_message = "[prompt.invalid]Please enter Y or N"
+    choices: List[str] = ["y", "n"]
+
+    def render_default(self, default: DefaultType) -> Text:
+        """Render the default as (y) or (n) rather than True/False."""
+        yes, no = self.choices
+        return Text(f"({yes})" if default else f"({no})", style="prompt.default")
+
+    def process_response(self, value: str) -> bool:
+        """Convert choices to a bool."""
+        value = value.strip().lower()
+        if value not in self.choices:
+            raise InvalidResponse(self.validate_error_message)
+        return value == self.choices[0]
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich import print
+
+    if Confirm.ask("Run [i]prompt[/i] tests?", default=True):
+        while True:
+            result = IntPrompt.ask(
+                ":rocket: Enter a number between [b]1[/b] and [b]10[/b]", default=5
+            )
+            if result >= 1 and result <= 10:
+                break
+            print(":pile_of_poo: [prompt.invalid]Number must be between 1 and 10")
+        print(f"number={result}")
+
+        while True:
+            password = Prompt.ask(
+                "Please enter a password [cyan](must be at least 5 characters)",
+                password=True,
+            )
+            if len(password) >= 5:
+                break
+            print("[prompt.invalid]password too short")
+        print(f"password={password!r}")
+
+        fruit = Prompt.ask("Enter a fruit", choices=["apple", "orange", "pear"])
+        print(f"fruit={fruit!r}")
+
+    else:
+        print("[b]OK :loudly_crying_face:")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/protocol.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/protocol.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6248052
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/protocol.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from typing import Any, Callable, cast, Set, TYPE_CHECKING
+from inspect import isclass
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import RenderableType
+
+_GIBBERISH = """aihwerij235234ljsdnp34ksodfipwoe234234jlskjdf"""
+
+
+def is_renderable(check_object: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if an object may be rendered by Rich."""
+    return (
+        isinstance(check_object, str)
+        or hasattr(check_object, "__rich__")
+        or hasattr(check_object, "__rich_console__")
+    )
+
+
+def rich_cast(renderable: object) -> "RenderableType":
+    """Cast an object to a renderable by calling __rich__ if present.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (object): A potentially renderable object
+
+    Returns:
+        object: The result of recursively calling __rich__.
+    """
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import RenderableType
+
+    rich_visited_set: Set[type] = set()  # Prevent potential infinite loop
+    while hasattr(renderable, "__rich__") and not isclass(renderable):
+        # Detect object which claim to have all the attributes
+        if hasattr(renderable, _GIBBERISH):
+            return repr(renderable)
+        cast_method = getattr(renderable, "__rich__")
+        renderable = cast_method()
+        renderable_type = type(renderable)
+        if renderable_type in rich_visited_set:
+            break
+        rich_visited_set.add(renderable_type)
+
+    return cast(RenderableType, renderable)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/region.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/region.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75b3631
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/region.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+
+class Region(NamedTuple):
+    """Defines a rectangular region of the screen."""
+
+    x: int
+    y: int
+    width: int
+    height: int
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/repr.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/repr.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17147fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/repr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+from functools import partial
+import inspect
+
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    overload,
+    Union,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+)
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+Result = Iterable[Union[Any, Tuple[Any], Tuple[str, Any], Tuple[str, Any, Any]]]
+RichReprResult = Result
+
+
+class ReprError(Exception):
+    """An error occurred when attempting to build a repr."""
+
+
+@overload
+def auto(cls: Optional[T]) -> T:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def auto(*, angular: bool = False) -> Callable[[T], T]:
+    ...
+
+
+def auto(
+    cls: Optional[T] = None, *, angular: Optional[bool] = None
+) -> Union[T, Callable[[T], T]]:
+    """Class decorator to create __repr__ from __rich_repr__"""
+
+    def do_replace(cls: Type[T], angular: Optional[bool] = None) -> Type[T]:
+        def auto_repr(self: Type[T]) -> str:
+            """Create repr string from __rich_repr__"""
+            repr_str: List[str] = []
+            append = repr_str.append
+
+            angular = getattr(self.__rich_repr__, "angular", False)  # type: ignore
+            for arg in self.__rich_repr__():  # type: ignore
+                if isinstance(arg, tuple):
+                    if len(arg) == 1:
+                        append(repr(arg[0]))
+                    else:
+                        key, value, *default = arg
+                        if key is None:
+                            append(repr(value))
+                        else:
+                            if len(default) and default[0] == value:
+                                continue
+                            append(f"{key}={value!r}")
+                else:
+                    append(repr(arg))
+            if angular:
+                return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} {' '.join(repr_str)}>"
+            else:
+                return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({', '.join(repr_str)})"
+
+        def auto_rich_repr(self: Type[T]) -> Result:
+            """Auto generate __rich_rep__ from signature of __init__"""
+            try:
+                signature = inspect.signature(self.__init__)  ## type: ignore
+                for name, param in signature.parameters.items():
+                    if param.kind == param.POSITIONAL_ONLY:
+                        yield getattr(self, name)
+                    elif param.kind in (
+                        param.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD,
+                        param.KEYWORD_ONLY,
+                    ):
+                        if param.default == param.empty:
+                            yield getattr(self, param.name)
+                        else:
+                            yield param.name, getattr(self, param.name), param.default
+            except Exception as error:
+                raise ReprError(
+                    f"Failed to auto generate __rich_repr__; {error}"
+                ) from None
+
+        if not hasattr(cls, "__rich_repr__"):
+            auto_rich_repr.__doc__ = "Build a rich repr"
+            cls.__rich_repr__ = auto_rich_repr  # type: ignore
+
+        auto_repr.__doc__ = "Return repr(self)"
+        cls.__repr__ = auto_repr  # type: ignore
+        if angular is not None:
+            cls.__rich_repr__.angular = angular  # type: ignore
+        return cls
+
+    if cls is None:
+        return partial(do_replace, angular=angular)  # type: ignore
+    else:
+        return do_replace(cls, angular=angular)  # type: ignore
+
+
+@overload
+def rich_repr(cls: Optional[T]) -> T:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def rich_repr(*, angular: bool = False) -> Callable[[T], T]:
+    ...
+
+
+def rich_repr(
+    cls: Optional[T] = None, *, angular: bool = False
+) -> Union[T, Callable[[T], T]]:
+    if cls is None:
+        return auto(angular=angular)
+    else:
+        return auto(cls)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    @auto
+    class Foo:
+        def __rich_repr__(self) -> Result:
+            yield "foo"
+            yield "bar", {"shopping": ["eggs", "ham", "pineapple"]}
+            yield "buy", "hand sanitizer"
+
+    foo = Foo()
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+
+    console = Console()
+
+    console.rule("Standard repr")
+    console.print(foo)
+
+    console.print(foo, width=60)
+    console.print(foo, width=30)
+
+    console.rule("Angular repr")
+    Foo.__rich_repr__.angular = True  # type: ignore
+
+    console.print(foo)
+
+    console.print(foo, width=60)
+    console.print(foo, width=30)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/rule.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/rule.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce4754f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/rule.py
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+from typing import Union
+
+from .align import AlignMethod
+from .cells import cell_len, set_cell_size
+from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .style import Style
+from .text import Text
+
+
+class Rule(JupyterMixin):
+    """A console renderable to draw a horizontal rule (line).
+
+    Args:
+        title (Union[str, Text], optional): Text to render in the rule. Defaults to "".
+        characters (str, optional): Character(s) used to draw the line. Defaults to "─".
+        style (StyleType, optional): Style of Rule. Defaults to "rule.line".
+        end (str, optional): Character at end of Rule. defaults to "\\\\n"
+        align (str, optional): How to align the title, one of "left", "center", or "right". Defaults to "center".
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        title: Union[str, Text] = "",
+        *,
+        characters: str = "─",
+        style: Union[str, Style] = "rule.line",
+        end: str = "\n",
+        align: AlignMethod = "center",
+    ) -> None:
+        if cell_len(characters) < 1:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "'characters' argument must have a cell width of at least 1"
+            )
+        if align not in ("left", "center", "right"):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f'invalid value for align, expected "left", "center", "right" (not {align!r})'
+            )
+        self.title = title
+        self.characters = characters
+        self.style = style
+        self.end = end
+        self.align = align
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Rule({self.title!r}, {self.characters!r})"
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        width = options.max_width
+
+        # Python3.6 doesn't have an isascii method on str
+        isascii = getattr(str, "isascii", None) or (
+            lambda s: all(ord(c) < 128 for c in s)
+        )
+        characters = (
+            "-"
+            if (options.ascii_only and not isascii(self.characters))
+            else self.characters
+        )
+
+        chars_len = cell_len(characters)
+        if not self.title:
+            rule_text = Text(characters * ((width // chars_len) + 1), self.style)
+            rule_text.truncate(width)
+            rule_text.plain = set_cell_size(rule_text.plain, width)
+            yield rule_text
+            return
+
+        if isinstance(self.title, Text):
+            title_text = self.title
+        else:
+            title_text = console.render_str(self.title, style="rule.text")
+
+        title_text.plain = title_text.plain.replace("\n", " ")
+        title_text.expand_tabs()
+        rule_text = Text(end=self.end)
+
+        if self.align == "center":
+            title_text.truncate(width - 4, overflow="ellipsis")
+            side_width = (width - cell_len(title_text.plain)) // 2
+            left = Text(characters * (side_width // chars_len + 1))
+            left.truncate(side_width - 1)
+            right_length = width - cell_len(left.plain) - cell_len(title_text.plain)
+            right = Text(characters * (side_width // chars_len + 1))
+            right.truncate(right_length)
+            rule_text.append(left.plain + " ", self.style)
+            rule_text.append(title_text)
+            rule_text.append(" " + right.plain, self.style)
+        elif self.align == "left":
+            title_text.truncate(width - 2, overflow="ellipsis")
+            rule_text.append(title_text)
+            rule_text.append(" ")
+            rule_text.append(characters * (width - rule_text.cell_len), self.style)
+        elif self.align == "right":
+            title_text.truncate(width - 2, overflow="ellipsis")
+            rule_text.append(characters * (width - title_text.cell_len - 1), self.style)
+            rule_text.append(" ")
+            rule_text.append(title_text)
+
+        rule_text.plain = set_cell_size(rule_text.plain, width)
+        yield rule_text
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+    import sys
+
+    try:
+        text = sys.argv[1]
+    except IndexError:
+        text = "Hello, World"
+    console = Console()
+    console.print(Rule(title=text))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/scope.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/scope.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6822b8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/scope.py
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, Tuple
+
+from .highlighter import ReprHighlighter
+from .panel import Panel
+from .pretty import Pretty
+from .table import Table
+from .text import Text, TextType
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import ConsoleRenderable
+
+
+def render_scope(
+    scope: "Mapping[str, Any]",
+    *,
+    title: Optional[TextType] = None,
+    sort_keys: bool = True,
+    indent_guides: bool = False,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
+) -> "ConsoleRenderable":
+    """Render python variables in a given scope.
+
+    Args:
+        scope (Mapping): A mapping containing variable names and values.
+        title (str, optional): Optional title. Defaults to None.
+        sort_keys (bool, optional): Enable sorting of items. Defaults to True.
+        indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indentaton guides. Defaults to False.
+        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+            Defaults to None.
+        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to None.
+
+    Returns:
+        ConsoleRenderable: A renderable object.
+    """
+    highlighter = ReprHighlighter()
+    items_table = Table.grid(padding=(0, 1), expand=False)
+    items_table.add_column(justify="right")
+
+    def sort_items(item: Tuple[str, Any]) -> Tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Sort special variables first, then alphabetically."""
+        key, _ = item
+        return (not key.startswith("__"), key.lower())
+
+    items = sorted(scope.items(), key=sort_items) if sort_keys else scope.items()
+    for key, value in items:
+        key_text = Text.assemble(
+            (key, "scope.key.special" if key.startswith("__") else "scope.key"),
+            (" =", "scope.equals"),
+        )
+        items_table.add_row(
+            key_text,
+            Pretty(
+                value,
+                highlighter=highlighter,
+                indent_guides=indent_guides,
+                max_length=max_length,
+                max_string=max_string,
+            ),
+        )
+    return Panel.fit(
+        items_table,
+        title=title,
+        border_style="scope.border",
+        padding=(0, 1),
+    )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich import print
+
+    print()
+
+    def test(foo: float, bar: float) -> None:
+        list_of_things = [1, 2, 3, None, 4, True, False, "Hello World"]
+        dict_of_things = {
+            "version": "1.1",
+            "method": "confirmFruitPurchase",
+            "params": [["apple", "orange", "mangoes", "pomelo"], 1.123],
+            "id": "194521489",
+        }
+        print(render_scope(locals(), title="[i]locals", sort_keys=False))
+
+    test(20.3423, 3.1427)
+    print()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/screen.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/screen.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f416e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/screen.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import StyleType
+from ._loop import loop_last
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import (
+        Console,
+        ConsoleOptions,
+        RenderResult,
+        RenderableType,
+        Group,
+    )
+
+
+class Screen:
+    """A renderable that fills the terminal screen and crops excess.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType): Child renderable.
+        style (StyleType, optional): Optional background style. Defaults to None.
+    """
+
+    renderable: "RenderableType"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *renderables: "RenderableType",
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        application_mode: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        from pip._vendor.rich.console import Group
+
+        self.renderable = Group(*renderables)
+        self.style = style
+        self.application_mode = application_mode
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        width, height = options.size
+        style = console.get_style(self.style) if self.style else None
+        render_options = options.update(width=width, height=height)
+        lines = console.render_lines(
+            self.renderable or "", render_options, style=style, pad=True
+        )
+        lines = Segment.set_shape(lines, width, height, style=style)
+        new_line = Segment("\n\r") if self.application_mode else Segment.line()
+        for last, line in loop_last(lines):
+            yield from line
+            if not last:
+                yield new_line
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/segment.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/segment.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94ca730
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/segment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,720 @@
+from enum import IntEnum
+from functools import lru_cache
+from itertools import filterfalse
+from logging import getLogger
+from operator import attrgetter
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from .cells import (
+    _is_single_cell_widths,
+    cell_len,
+    get_character_cell_size,
+    set_cell_size,
+)
+from .repr import Result, rich_repr
+from .style import Style
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult
+
+log = getLogger("rich")
+
+
+class ControlType(IntEnum):
+    """Non-printable control codes which typically translate to ANSI codes."""
+
+    BELL = 1
+    CARRIAGE_RETURN = 2
+    HOME = 3
+    CLEAR = 4
+    SHOW_CURSOR = 5
+    HIDE_CURSOR = 6
+    ENABLE_ALT_SCREEN = 7
+    DISABLE_ALT_SCREEN = 8
+    CURSOR_UP = 9
+    CURSOR_DOWN = 10
+    CURSOR_FORWARD = 11
+    CURSOR_BACKWARD = 12
+    CURSOR_MOVE_TO_COLUMN = 13
+    CURSOR_MOVE_TO = 14
+    ERASE_IN_LINE = 15
+
+
+ControlCode = Union[
+    Tuple[ControlType], Tuple[ControlType, int], Tuple[ControlType, int, int]
+]
+
+
+@rich_repr()
+class Segment(NamedTuple):
+    """A piece of text with associated style. Segments are produced by the Console render process and
+    are ultimately converted in to strings to be written to the terminal.
+
+    Args:
+        text (str): A piece of text.
+        style (:class:`~rich.style.Style`, optional): An optional style to apply to the text.
+        control (Tuple[ControlCode..], optional): Optional sequence of control codes.
+    """
+
+    text: str = ""
+    """Raw text."""
+    style: Optional[Style] = None
+    """An optional style."""
+    control: Optional[Sequence[ControlCode]] = None
+    """Optional sequence of control codes."""
+
+    def __rich_repr__(self) -> Result:
+        yield self.text
+        if self.control is None:
+            if self.style is not None:
+                yield self.style
+        else:
+            yield self.style
+            yield self.control
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the segment contains text."""
+        return bool(self.text)
+
+    @property
+    def cell_length(self) -> int:
+        """Get cell length of segment."""
+        return 0 if self.control else cell_len(self.text)
+
+    @property
+    def is_control(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the segment contains control codes."""
+        return self.control is not None
+
+    @classmethod
+    @lru_cache(1024 * 16)
+    def _split_cells(cls, segment: "Segment", cut: int) -> Tuple["Segment", "Segment"]:  # type: ignore
+
+        text, style, control = segment
+        _Segment = Segment
+
+        cell_length = segment.cell_length
+        if cut >= cell_length:
+            return segment, _Segment("", style, control)
+
+        cell_size = get_character_cell_size
+
+        pos = int((cut / cell_length) * len(text))
+
+        before = text[:pos]
+        cell_pos = cell_len(before)
+        if cell_pos == cut:
+            return (
+                _Segment(before, style, control),
+                _Segment(text[pos:], style, control),
+            )
+        while pos < len(text):
+            char = text[pos]
+            pos += 1
+            cell_pos += cell_size(char)
+            before = text[:pos]
+            if cell_pos == cut:
+                return (
+                    _Segment(before, style, control),
+                    _Segment(text[pos:], style, control),
+                )
+            if cell_pos > cut:
+                return (
+                    _Segment(before[: pos - 1] + " ", style, control),
+                    _Segment(" " + text[pos:], style, control),
+                )
+
+    def split_cells(self, cut: int) -> Tuple["Segment", "Segment"]:
+        """Split segment in to two segments at the specified column.
+
+        If the cut point falls in the middle of a 2-cell wide character then it is replaced
+        by two spaces, to preserve the display width of the parent segment.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[Segment, Segment]: Two segments.
+        """
+        text, style, control = self
+
+        if _is_single_cell_widths(text):
+            # Fast path with all 1 cell characters
+            if cut >= len(text):
+                return self, Segment("", style, control)
+            return (
+                Segment(text[:cut], style, control),
+                Segment(text[cut:], style, control),
+            )
+
+        return self._split_cells(self, cut)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def line(cls) -> "Segment":
+        """Make a new line segment."""
+        return cls("\n")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def apply_style(
+        cls,
+        segments: Iterable["Segment"],
+        style: Optional[Style] = None,
+        post_style: Optional[Style] = None,
+    ) -> Iterable["Segment"]:
+        """Apply style(s) to an iterable of segments.
+
+        Returns an iterable of segments where the style is replaced by ``style + segment.style + post_style``.
+
+        Args:
+            segments (Iterable[Segment]): Segments to process.
+            style (Style, optional): Base style. Defaults to None.
+            post_style (Style, optional): Style to apply on top of segment style. Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Iterable[Segments]: A new iterable of segments (possibly the same iterable).
+        """
+        result_segments = segments
+        if style:
+            apply = style.__add__
+            result_segments = (
+                cls(text, None if control else apply(_style), control)
+                for text, _style, control in result_segments
+            )
+        if post_style:
+            result_segments = (
+                cls(
+                    text,
+                    (
+                        None
+                        if control
+                        else (_style + post_style if _style else post_style)
+                    ),
+                    control,
+                )
+                for text, _style, control in result_segments
+            )
+        return result_segments
+
+    @classmethod
+    def filter_control(
+        cls, segments: Iterable["Segment"], is_control: bool = False
+    ) -> Iterable["Segment"]:
+        """Filter segments by ``is_control`` attribute.
+
+        Args:
+            segments (Iterable[Segment]): An iterable of Segment instances.
+            is_control (bool, optional): is_control flag to match in search.
+
+        Returns:
+            Iterable[Segment]: And iterable of Segment instances.
+
+        """
+        if is_control:
+            return filter(attrgetter("control"), segments)
+        else:
+            return filterfalse(attrgetter("control"), segments)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def split_lines(cls, segments: Iterable["Segment"]) -> Iterable[List["Segment"]]:
+        """Split a sequence of segments in to a list of lines.
+
+        Args:
+            segments (Iterable[Segment]): Segments potentially containing line feeds.
+
+        Yields:
+            Iterable[List[Segment]]: Iterable of segment lists, one per line.
+        """
+        line: List[Segment] = []
+        append = line.append
+
+        for segment in segments:
+            if "\n" in segment.text and not segment.control:
+                text, style, _ = segment
+                while text:
+                    _text, new_line, text = text.partition("\n")
+                    if _text:
+                        append(cls(_text, style))
+                    if new_line:
+                        yield line
+                        line = []
+                        append = line.append
+            else:
+                append(segment)
+        if line:
+            yield line
+
+    @classmethod
+    def split_and_crop_lines(
+        cls,
+        segments: Iterable["Segment"],
+        length: int,
+        style: Optional[Style] = None,
+        pad: bool = True,
+        include_new_lines: bool = True,
+    ) -> Iterable[List["Segment"]]:
+        """Split segments in to lines, and crop lines greater than a given length.
+
+        Args:
+            segments (Iterable[Segment]): An iterable of segments, probably
+                generated from console.render.
+            length (int): Desired line length.
+            style (Style, optional): Style to use for any padding.
+            pad (bool): Enable padding of lines that are less than `length`.
+
+        Returns:
+            Iterable[List[Segment]]: An iterable of lines of segments.
+        """
+        line: List[Segment] = []
+        append = line.append
+
+        adjust_line_length = cls.adjust_line_length
+        new_line_segment = cls("\n")
+
+        for segment in segments:
+            if "\n" in segment.text and not segment.control:
+                text, style, _ = segment
+                while text:
+                    _text, new_line, text = text.partition("\n")
+                    if _text:
+                        append(cls(_text, style))
+                    if new_line:
+                        cropped_line = adjust_line_length(
+                            line, length, style=style, pad=pad
+                        )
+                        if include_new_lines:
+                            cropped_line.append(new_line_segment)
+                        yield cropped_line
+                        del line[:]
+            else:
+                append(segment)
+        if line:
+            yield adjust_line_length(line, length, style=style, pad=pad)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def adjust_line_length(
+        cls,
+        line: List["Segment"],
+        length: int,
+        style: Optional[Style] = None,
+        pad: bool = True,
+    ) -> List["Segment"]:
+        """Adjust a line to a given width (cropping or padding as required).
+
+        Args:
+            segments (Iterable[Segment]): A list of segments in a single line.
+            length (int): The desired width of the line.
+            style (Style, optional): The style of padding if used (space on the end). Defaults to None.
+            pad (bool, optional): Pad lines with spaces if they are shorter than `length`. Defaults to True.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[Segment]: A line of segments with the desired length.
+        """
+        line_length = sum(segment.cell_length for segment in line)
+        new_line: List[Segment]
+
+        if line_length < length:
+            if pad:
+                new_line = line + [cls(" " * (length - line_length), style)]
+            else:
+                new_line = line[:]
+        elif line_length > length:
+            new_line = []
+            append = new_line.append
+            line_length = 0
+            for segment in line:
+                segment_length = segment.cell_length
+                if line_length + segment_length < length or segment.control:
+                    append(segment)
+                    line_length += segment_length
+                else:
+                    text, segment_style, _ = segment
+                    text = set_cell_size(text, length - line_length)
+                    append(cls(text, segment_style))
+                    break
+        else:
+            new_line = line[:]
+        return new_line
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_line_length(cls, line: List["Segment"]) -> int:
+        """Get the length of list of segments.
+
+        Args:
+            line (List[Segment]): A line encoded as a list of Segments (assumes no '\\\\n' characters),
+
+        Returns:
+            int: The length of the line.
+        """
+        _cell_len = cell_len
+        return sum(_cell_len(segment.text) for segment in line)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_shape(cls, lines: List[List["Segment"]]) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+        """Get the shape (enclosing rectangle) of a list of lines.
+
+        Args:
+            lines (List[List[Segment]]): A list of lines (no '\\\\n' characters).
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[int, int]: Width and height in characters.
+        """
+        get_line_length = cls.get_line_length
+        max_width = max(get_line_length(line) for line in lines) if lines else 0
+        return (max_width, len(lines))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def set_shape(
+        cls,
+        lines: List[List["Segment"]],
+        width: int,
+        height: Optional[int] = None,
+        style: Optional[Style] = None,
+        new_lines: bool = False,
+    ) -> List[List["Segment"]]:
+        """Set the shape of a list of lines (enclosing rectangle).
+
+        Args:
+            lines (List[List[Segment]]): A list of lines.
+            width (int): Desired width.
+            height (int, optional): Desired height or None for no change.
+            style (Style, optional): Style of any padding added.
+            new_lines (bool, optional): Padded lines should include "\n". Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[List[Segment]]: New list of lines.
+        """
+        _height = height or len(lines)
+
+        blank = (
+            [cls(" " * width + "\n", style)] if new_lines else [cls(" " * width, style)]
+        )
+
+        adjust_line_length = cls.adjust_line_length
+        shaped_lines = lines[:_height]
+        shaped_lines[:] = [
+            adjust_line_length(line, width, style=style) for line in lines
+        ]
+        if len(shaped_lines) < _height:
+            shaped_lines.extend([blank] * (_height - len(shaped_lines)))
+        return shaped_lines
+
+    @classmethod
+    def align_top(
+        cls: Type["Segment"],
+        lines: List[List["Segment"]],
+        width: int,
+        height: int,
+        style: Style,
+        new_lines: bool = False,
+    ) -> List[List["Segment"]]:
+        """Aligns lines to top (adds extra lines to bottom as required).
+
+        Args:
+            lines (List[List[Segment]]): A list of lines.
+            width (int): Desired width.
+            height (int, optional): Desired height or None for no change.
+            style (Style): Style of any padding added.
+            new_lines (bool, optional): Padded lines should include "\n". Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[List[Segment]]: New list of lines.
+        """
+        extra_lines = height - len(lines)
+        if not extra_lines:
+            return lines[:]
+        lines = lines[:height]
+        blank = cls(" " * width + "\n", style) if new_lines else cls(" " * width, style)
+        lines = lines + [[blank]] * extra_lines
+        return lines
+
+    @classmethod
+    def align_bottom(
+        cls: Type["Segment"],
+        lines: List[List["Segment"]],
+        width: int,
+        height: int,
+        style: Style,
+        new_lines: bool = False,
+    ) -> List[List["Segment"]]:
+        """Aligns render to bottom (adds extra lines above as required).
+
+        Args:
+            lines (List[List[Segment]]): A list of lines.
+            width (int): Desired width.
+            height (int, optional): Desired height or None for no change.
+            style (Style): Style of any padding added. Defaults to None.
+            new_lines (bool, optional): Padded lines should include "\n". Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[List[Segment]]: New list of lines.
+        """
+        extra_lines = height - len(lines)
+        if not extra_lines:
+            return lines[:]
+        lines = lines[:height]
+        blank = cls(" " * width + "\n", style) if new_lines else cls(" " * width, style)
+        lines = [[blank]] * extra_lines + lines
+        return lines
+
+    @classmethod
+    def align_middle(
+        cls: Type["Segment"],
+        lines: List[List["Segment"]],
+        width: int,
+        height: int,
+        style: Style,
+        new_lines: bool = False,
+    ) -> List[List["Segment"]]:
+        """Aligns lines to middle (adds extra lines to above and below as required).
+
+        Args:
+            lines (List[List[Segment]]): A list of lines.
+            width (int): Desired width.
+            height (int, optional): Desired height or None for no change.
+            style (Style): Style of any padding added.
+            new_lines (bool, optional): Padded lines should include "\n". Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[List[Segment]]: New list of lines.
+        """
+        extra_lines = height - len(lines)
+        if not extra_lines:
+            return lines[:]
+        lines = lines[:height]
+        blank = cls(" " * width + "\n", style) if new_lines else cls(" " * width, style)
+        top_lines = extra_lines // 2
+        bottom_lines = extra_lines - top_lines
+        lines = [[blank]] * top_lines + lines + [[blank]] * bottom_lines
+        return lines
+
+    @classmethod
+    def simplify(cls, segments: Iterable["Segment"]) -> Iterable["Segment"]:
+        """Simplify an iterable of segments by combining contiguous segments with the same style.
+
+        Args:
+            segments (Iterable[Segment]): An iterable of segments.
+
+        Returns:
+            Iterable[Segment]: A possibly smaller iterable of segments that will render the same way.
+        """
+        iter_segments = iter(segments)
+        try:
+            last_segment = next(iter_segments)
+        except StopIteration:
+            return
+
+        _Segment = Segment
+        for segment in iter_segments:
+            if last_segment.style == segment.style and not segment.control:
+                last_segment = _Segment(
+                    last_segment.text + segment.text, last_segment.style
+                )
+            else:
+                yield last_segment
+                last_segment = segment
+        yield last_segment
+
+    @classmethod
+    def strip_links(cls, segments: Iterable["Segment"]) -> Iterable["Segment"]:
+        """Remove all links from an iterable of styles.
+
+        Args:
+            segments (Iterable[Segment]): An iterable segments.
+
+        Yields:
+            Segment: Segments with link removed.
+        """
+        for segment in segments:
+            if segment.control or segment.style is None:
+                yield segment
+            else:
+                text, style, _control = segment
+                yield cls(text, style.update_link(None) if style else None)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def strip_styles(cls, segments: Iterable["Segment"]) -> Iterable["Segment"]:
+        """Remove all styles from an iterable of segments.
+
+        Args:
+            segments (Iterable[Segment]): An iterable segments.
+
+        Yields:
+            Segment: Segments with styles replace with None
+        """
+        for text, _style, control in segments:
+            yield cls(text, None, control)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def remove_color(cls, segments: Iterable["Segment"]) -> Iterable["Segment"]:
+        """Remove all color from an iterable of segments.
+
+        Args:
+            segments (Iterable[Segment]): An iterable segments.
+
+        Yields:
+            Segment: Segments with colorless style.
+        """
+
+        cache: Dict[Style, Style] = {}
+        for text, style, control in segments:
+            if style:
+                colorless_style = cache.get(style)
+                if colorless_style is None:
+                    colorless_style = style.without_color
+                    cache[style] = colorless_style
+                yield cls(text, colorless_style, control)
+            else:
+                yield cls(text, None, control)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def divide(
+        cls, segments: Iterable["Segment"], cuts: Iterable[int]
+    ) -> Iterable[List["Segment"]]:
+        """Divides an iterable of segments in to portions.
+
+        Args:
+            cuts (Iterable[int]): Cell positions where to divide.
+
+        Yields:
+            [Iterable[List[Segment]]]: An iterable of Segments in List.
+        """
+        split_segments: List["Segment"] = []
+        add_segment = split_segments.append
+
+        iter_cuts = iter(cuts)
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                cut = next(iter_cuts)
+            except StopIteration:
+                return []
+            if cut != 0:
+                break
+            yield []
+        pos = 0
+
+        for segment in segments:
+            while segment.text:
+                end_pos = pos + segment.cell_length
+                if end_pos < cut:
+                    add_segment(segment)
+                    pos = end_pos
+                    break
+
+                try:
+                    if end_pos == cut:
+                        add_segment(segment)
+                        yield split_segments[:]
+                        del split_segments[:]
+                        pos = end_pos
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        before, segment = segment.split_cells(cut - pos)
+                        add_segment(before)
+                        yield split_segments[:]
+                        del split_segments[:]
+                        pos = cut
+                finally:
+                    try:
+                        cut = next(iter_cuts)
+                    except StopIteration:
+                        if split_segments:
+                            yield split_segments[:]
+                        return
+        yield split_segments[:]
+
+
+class Segments:
+    """A simple renderable to render an iterable of segments. This class may be useful if
+    you want to print segments outside of a __rich_console__ method.
+
+    Args:
+        segments (Iterable[Segment]): An iterable of segments.
+        new_lines (bool, optional): Add new lines between segments. Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, segments: Iterable[Segment], new_lines: bool = False) -> None:
+        self.segments = list(segments)
+        self.new_lines = new_lines
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        if self.new_lines:
+            line = Segment.line()
+            for segment in self.segments:
+                yield segment
+                yield line
+        else:
+            yield from self.segments
+
+
+class SegmentLines:
+    def __init__(self, lines: Iterable[List[Segment]], new_lines: bool = False) -> None:
+        """A simple renderable containing a number of lines of segments. May be used as an intermediate
+        in rendering process.
+
+        Args:
+            lines (Iterable[List[Segment]]): Lists of segments forming lines.
+            new_lines (bool, optional): Insert new lines after each line. Defaults to False.
+        """
+        self.lines = list(lines)
+        self.new_lines = new_lines
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        if self.new_lines:
+            new_line = Segment.line()
+            for line in self.lines:
+                yield from line
+                yield new_line
+        else:
+            for line in self.lines:
+                yield from line
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+        from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+        from pip._vendor.rich.syntax import Syntax
+        from pip._vendor.rich.text import Text
+
+        code = """from rich.console import Console
+    console = Console()
+    text = Text.from_markup("Hello, [bold magenta]World[/]!")
+    console.print(text)"""
+
+        text = Text.from_markup("Hello, [bold magenta]World[/]!")
+
+        console = Console()
+
+        console.rule("rich.Segment")
+        console.print(
+            "A Segment is the last step in the Rich render process before generating text with ANSI codes."
+        )
+        console.print("\nConsider the following code:\n")
+        console.print(Syntax(code, "python", line_numbers=True))
+        console.print()
+        console.print(
+            "When you call [b]print()[/b], Rich [i]renders[/i] the object in to the the following:\n"
+        )
+        fragments = list(console.render(text))
+        console.print(fragments)
+        console.print()
+        console.print(
+            "The Segments are then processed to produce the following output:\n"
+        )
+        console.print(text)
+        console.print(
+            "\nYou will only need to know this if you are implementing your own Rich renderables."
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/spinner.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/spinner.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b13b1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/spinner.py
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+from typing import cast, List, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from ._spinners import SPINNERS
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .table import Table
+from .text import Text
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult, RenderableType
+    from .style import StyleType
+
+
+class Spinner:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        text: "RenderableType" = "",
+        *,
+        style: Optional["StyleType"] = None,
+        speed: float = 1.0,
+    ) -> None:
+        """A spinner animation.
+
+        Args:
+            name (str): Name of spinner (run python -m rich.spinner).
+            text (RenderableType, optional): A renderable to display at the right of the spinner (str or Text typically). Defaults to "".
+            style (StyleType, optional): Style for spinner animation. Defaults to None.
+            speed (float, optional): Speed factor for animation. Defaults to 1.0.
+
+        Raises:
+            KeyError: If name isn't one of the supported spinner animations.
+        """
+        try:
+            spinner = SPINNERS[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise KeyError(f"no spinner called {name!r}")
+        self.text = Text.from_markup(text) if isinstance(text, str) else text
+        self.frames = cast(List[str], spinner["frames"])[:]
+        self.interval = cast(float, spinner["interval"])
+        self.start_time: Optional[float] = None
+        self.style = style
+        self.speed = speed
+        self.frame_no_offset: float = 0.0
+        self._update_speed = 0.0
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        yield self.render(console.get_time())
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        text = self.render(0)
+        return Measurement.get(console, options, text)
+
+    def render(self, time: float) -> "RenderableType":
+        """Render the spinner for a given time.
+
+        Args:
+            time (float): Time in seconds.
+
+        Returns:
+            RenderableType: A renderable containing animation frame.
+        """
+        if self.start_time is None:
+            self.start_time = time
+
+        frame_no = ((time - self.start_time) * self.speed) / (
+            self.interval / 1000.0
+        ) + self.frame_no_offset
+        frame = Text(
+            self.frames[int(frame_no) % len(self.frames)], style=self.style or ""
+        )
+
+        if self._update_speed:
+            self.frame_no_offset = frame_no
+            self.start_time = time
+            self.speed = self._update_speed
+            self._update_speed = 0.0
+
+        if not self.text:
+            return frame
+        elif isinstance(self.text, (str, Text)):
+            return Text.assemble(frame, " ", self.text)
+        else:
+            table = Table.grid(padding=1)
+            table.add_row(frame, self.text)
+            return table
+
+    def update(
+        self,
+        *,
+        text: "RenderableType" = "",
+        style: Optional["StyleType"] = None,
+        speed: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Updates attributes of a spinner after it has been started.
+
+        Args:
+            text (RenderableType, optional): A renderable to display at the right of the spinner (str or Text typically). Defaults to "".
+            style (StyleType, optional): Style for spinner animation. Defaults to None.
+            speed (float, optional): Speed factor for animation. Defaults to None.
+        """
+        if text:
+            self.text = Text.from_markup(text) if isinstance(text, str) else text
+        if style:
+            self.style = style
+        if speed:
+            self._update_speed = speed
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from time import sleep
+
+    from .columns import Columns
+    from .panel import Panel
+    from .live import Live
+
+    all_spinners = Columns(
+        [
+            Spinner(spinner_name, text=Text(repr(spinner_name), style="green"))
+            for spinner_name in sorted(SPINNERS.keys())
+        ],
+        column_first=True,
+        expand=True,
+    )
+
+    with Live(
+        Panel(all_spinners, title="Spinners", border_style="blue"),
+        refresh_per_second=20,
+    ) as live:
+        while True:
+            sleep(0.1)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/status.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/status.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09eff40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/status.py
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Optional, Type
+
+from .console import Console, RenderableType
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .live import Live
+from .spinner import Spinner
+from .style import StyleType
+
+
+class Status(JupyterMixin):
+    """Displays a status indicator with a 'spinner' animation.
+
+    Args:
+        status (RenderableType): A status renderable (str or Text typically).
+        console (Console, optional): Console instance to use, or None for global console. Defaults to None.
+        spinner (str, optional): Name of spinner animation (see python -m rich.spinner). Defaults to "dots".
+        spinner_style (StyleType, optional): Style of spinner. Defaults to "status.spinner".
+        speed (float, optional): Speed factor for spinner animation. Defaults to 1.0.
+        refresh_per_second (float, optional): Number of refreshes per second. Defaults to 12.5.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        status: RenderableType,
+        *,
+        console: Optional[Console] = None,
+        spinner: str = "dots",
+        spinner_style: StyleType = "status.spinner",
+        speed: float = 1.0,
+        refresh_per_second: float = 12.5,
+    ):
+        self.status = status
+        self.spinner_style = spinner_style
+        self.speed = speed
+        self._spinner = Spinner(spinner, text=status, style=spinner_style, speed=speed)
+        self._live = Live(
+            self.renderable,
+            console=console,
+            refresh_per_second=refresh_per_second,
+            transient=True,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def renderable(self) -> Spinner:
+        return self._spinner
+
+    @property
+    def console(self) -> "Console":
+        """Get the Console used by the Status objects."""
+        return self._live.console
+
+    def update(
+        self,
+        status: Optional[RenderableType] = None,
+        *,
+        spinner: Optional[str] = None,
+        spinner_style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        speed: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Update status.
+
+        Args:
+            status (Optional[RenderableType], optional): New status renderable or None for no change. Defaults to None.
+            spinner (Optional[str], optional): New spinner or None for no change. Defaults to None.
+            spinner_style (Optional[StyleType], optional): New spinner style or None for no change. Defaults to None.
+            speed (Optional[float], optional): Speed factor for spinner animation or None for no change. Defaults to None.
+        """
+        if status is not None:
+            self.status = status
+        if spinner_style is not None:
+            self.spinner_style = spinner_style
+        if speed is not None:
+            self.speed = speed
+        if spinner is not None:
+            self._spinner = Spinner(
+                spinner, text=self.status, style=self.spinner_style, speed=self.speed
+            )
+            self._live.update(self.renderable, refresh=True)
+        else:
+            self._spinner.update(
+                text=self.status, style=self.spinner_style, speed=self.speed
+            )
+
+    def start(self) -> None:
+        """Start the status animation."""
+        self._live.start()
+
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        """Stop the spinner animation."""
+        self._live.stop()
+
+    def __rich__(self) -> RenderableType:
+        return self.renderable
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "Status":
+        self.start()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.stop()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    from time import sleep
+
+    from .console import Console
+
+    console = Console()
+    with console.status("[magenta]Covid detector booting up") as status:
+        sleep(3)
+        console.log("Importing advanced AI")
+        sleep(3)
+        console.log("Advanced Covid AI Ready")
+        sleep(3)
+        status.update(status="[bold blue] Scanning for Covid", spinner="earth")
+        sleep(3)
+        console.log("Found 10,000,000,000 copies of Covid32.exe")
+        sleep(3)
+        status.update(
+            status="[bold red]Moving Covid32.exe to Trash",
+            spinner="bouncingBall",
+            spinner_style="yellow",
+        )
+        sleep(5)
+    console.print("[bold green]Covid deleted successfully")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/style.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/style.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0787c33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/style.py
@@ -0,0 +1,785 @@
+import sys
+from functools import lru_cache
+from marshal import loads, dumps
+from random import randint
+from typing import Any, cast, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Type, Union
+
+from . import errors
+from .color import Color, ColorParseError, ColorSystem, blend_rgb
+from .repr import rich_repr, Result
+from .terminal_theme import DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME, TerminalTheme
+
+
+# Style instances and style definitions are often interchangeable
+StyleType = Union[str, "Style"]
+
+
+class _Bit:
+    """A descriptor to get/set a style attribute bit."""
+
+    __slots__ = ["bit"]
+
+    def __init__(self, bit_no: int) -> None:
+        self.bit = 1 << bit_no
+
+    def __get__(self, obj: "Style", objtype: Type["Style"]) -> Optional[bool]:
+        if obj._set_attributes & self.bit:
+            return obj._attributes & self.bit != 0
+        return None
+
+
+@rich_repr
+class Style:
+    """A terminal style.
+
+    A terminal style consists of a color (`color`), a background color (`bgcolor`), and a number of attributes, such
+    as bold, italic etc. The attributes have 3 states: they can either be on
+    (``True``), off (``False``), or not set (``None``).
+
+    Args:
+        color (Union[Color, str], optional): Color of terminal text. Defaults to None.
+        bgcolor (Union[Color, str], optional): Color of terminal background. Defaults to None.
+        bold (bool, optional): Enable bold text. Defaults to None.
+        dim (bool, optional): Enable dim text. Defaults to None.
+        italic (bool, optional): Enable italic text. Defaults to None.
+        underline (bool, optional): Enable underlined text. Defaults to None.
+        blink (bool, optional): Enabled blinking text. Defaults to None.
+        blink2 (bool, optional): Enable fast blinking text. Defaults to None.
+        reverse (bool, optional): Enabled reverse text. Defaults to None.
+        conceal (bool, optional): Enable concealed text. Defaults to None.
+        strike (bool, optional): Enable strikethrough text. Defaults to None.
+        underline2 (bool, optional): Enable doubly underlined text. Defaults to None.
+        frame (bool, optional): Enable framed text. Defaults to None.
+        encircle (bool, optional): Enable encircled text. Defaults to None.
+        overline (bool, optional): Enable overlined text. Defaults to None.
+        link (str, link): Link URL. Defaults to None.
+
+    """
+
+    _color: Optional[Color]
+    _bgcolor: Optional[Color]
+    _attributes: int
+    _set_attributes: int
+    _hash: int
+    _null: bool
+    _meta: Optional[bytes]
+
+    __slots__ = [
+        "_color",
+        "_bgcolor",
+        "_attributes",
+        "_set_attributes",
+        "_link",
+        "_link_id",
+        "_ansi",
+        "_style_definition",
+        "_hash",
+        "_null",
+        "_meta",
+    ]
+
+    # maps bits on to SGR parameter
+    _style_map = {
+        0: "1",
+        1: "2",
+        2: "3",
+        3: "4",
+        4: "5",
+        5: "6",
+        6: "7",
+        7: "8",
+        8: "9",
+        9: "21",
+        10: "51",
+        11: "52",
+        12: "53",
+    }
+
+    STYLE_ATTRIBUTES = {
+        "dim": "dim",
+        "d": "dim",
+        "bold": "bold",
+        "b": "bold",
+        "italic": "italic",
+        "i": "italic",
+        "underline": "underline",
+        "u": "underline",
+        "blink": "blink",
+        "blink2": "blink2",
+        "reverse": "reverse",
+        "r": "reverse",
+        "conceal": "conceal",
+        "c": "conceal",
+        "strike": "strike",
+        "s": "strike",
+        "underline2": "underline2",
+        "uu": "underline2",
+        "frame": "frame",
+        "encircle": "encircle",
+        "overline": "overline",
+        "o": "overline",
+    }
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        color: Optional[Union[Color, str]] = None,
+        bgcolor: Optional[Union[Color, str]] = None,
+        bold: Optional[bool] = None,
+        dim: Optional[bool] = None,
+        italic: Optional[bool] = None,
+        underline: Optional[bool] = None,
+        blink: Optional[bool] = None,
+        blink2: Optional[bool] = None,
+        reverse: Optional[bool] = None,
+        conceal: Optional[bool] = None,
+        strike: Optional[bool] = None,
+        underline2: Optional[bool] = None,
+        frame: Optional[bool] = None,
+        encircle: Optional[bool] = None,
+        overline: Optional[bool] = None,
+        link: Optional[str] = None,
+        meta: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ):
+        self._ansi: Optional[str] = None
+        self._style_definition: Optional[str] = None
+
+        def _make_color(color: Union[Color, str]) -> Color:
+            return color if isinstance(color, Color) else Color.parse(color)
+
+        self._color = None if color is None else _make_color(color)
+        self._bgcolor = None if bgcolor is None else _make_color(bgcolor)
+        self._set_attributes = sum(
+            (
+                bold is not None,
+                dim is not None and 2,
+                italic is not None and 4,
+                underline is not None and 8,
+                blink is not None and 16,
+                blink2 is not None and 32,
+                reverse is not None and 64,
+                conceal is not None and 128,
+                strike is not None and 256,
+                underline2 is not None and 512,
+                frame is not None and 1024,
+                encircle is not None and 2048,
+                overline is not None and 4096,
+            )
+        )
+        self._attributes = (
+            sum(
+                (
+                    bold and 1 or 0,
+                    dim and 2 or 0,
+                    italic and 4 or 0,
+                    underline and 8 or 0,
+                    blink and 16 or 0,
+                    blink2 and 32 or 0,
+                    reverse and 64 or 0,
+                    conceal and 128 or 0,
+                    strike and 256 or 0,
+                    underline2 and 512 or 0,
+                    frame and 1024 or 0,
+                    encircle and 2048 or 0,
+                    overline and 4096 or 0,
+                )
+            )
+            if self._set_attributes
+            else 0
+        )
+
+        self._link = link
+        self._link_id = f"{randint(0, 999999)}" if link else ""
+        self._meta = None if meta is None else dumps(meta)
+        self._hash = hash(
+            (
+                self._color,
+                self._bgcolor,
+                self._attributes,
+                self._set_attributes,
+                link,
+                self._meta,
+            )
+        )
+        self._null = not (self._set_attributes or color or bgcolor or link or meta)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def null(cls) -> "Style":
+        """Create an 'null' style, equivalent to Style(), but more performant."""
+        return NULL_STYLE
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_color(
+        cls, color: Optional[Color] = None, bgcolor: Optional[Color] = None
+    ) -> "Style":
+        """Create a new style with colors and no attributes.
+
+        Returns:
+            color (Optional[Color]): A (foreground) color, or None for no color. Defaults to None.
+            bgcolor (Optional[Color]): A (background) color, or None for no color. Defaults to None.
+        """
+        style: Style = cls.__new__(Style)
+        style._ansi = None
+        style._style_definition = None
+        style._color = color
+        style._bgcolor = bgcolor
+        style._set_attributes = 0
+        style._attributes = 0
+        style._link = None
+        style._link_id = ""
+        style._meta = None
+        style._hash = hash(
+            (
+                color,
+                bgcolor,
+                None,
+                None,
+                None,
+                None,
+            )
+        )
+        style._null = not (color or bgcolor)
+        return style
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_meta(cls, meta: Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) -> "Style":
+        """Create a new style with meta data.
+
+        Returns:
+            meta (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]): A dictionary of meta data. Defaults to None.
+        """
+        style: Style = cls.__new__(Style)
+        style._ansi = None
+        style._style_definition = None
+        style._color = None
+        style._bgcolor = None
+        style._set_attributes = 0
+        style._attributes = 0
+        style._link = None
+        style._link_id = ""
+        style._meta = dumps(meta)
+        style._hash = hash(
+            (
+                None,
+                None,
+                None,
+                None,
+                None,
+                style._meta,
+            )
+        )
+        style._null = not (meta)
+        return style
+
+    @classmethod
+    def on(cls, meta: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None, **handlers: Any) -> "Style":
+        """Create a blank style with meta information.
+
+        Example:
+            style = Style.on(click=self.on_click)
+
+        Args:
+            meta (Optiona[Dict[str, Any]], optional): An optional dict of meta information.
+            **handlers (Any): Keyword arguments are translated in to handlers.
+
+        Returns:
+            Style: A Style with meta information attached.
+        """
+        meta = {} if meta is None else meta
+        meta.update({f"@{key}": value for key, value in handlers.items()})
+        return cls.from_meta(meta)
+
+    bold = _Bit(0)
+    dim = _Bit(1)
+    italic = _Bit(2)
+    underline = _Bit(3)
+    blink = _Bit(4)
+    blink2 = _Bit(5)
+    reverse = _Bit(6)
+    conceal = _Bit(7)
+    strike = _Bit(8)
+    underline2 = _Bit(9)
+    frame = _Bit(10)
+    encircle = _Bit(11)
+    overline = _Bit(12)
+
+    @property
+    def link_id(self) -> str:
+        """Get a link id, used in ansi code for links."""
+        return self._link_id
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """Re-generate style definition from attributes."""
+        if self._style_definition is None:
+            attributes: List[str] = []
+            append = attributes.append
+            bits = self._set_attributes
+            if bits & 0b0000000001111:
+                if bits & 1:
+                    append("bold" if self.bold else "not bold")
+                if bits & (1 << 1):
+                    append("dim" if self.dim else "not dim")
+                if bits & (1 << 2):
+                    append("italic" if self.italic else "not italic")
+                if bits & (1 << 3):
+                    append("underline" if self.underline else "not underline")
+            if bits & 0b0000111110000:
+                if bits & (1 << 4):
+                    append("blink" if self.blink else "not blink")
+                if bits & (1 << 5):
+                    append("blink2" if self.blink2 else "not blink2")
+                if bits & (1 << 6):
+                    append("reverse" if self.reverse else "not reverse")
+                if bits & (1 << 7):
+                    append("conceal" if self.conceal else "not conceal")
+                if bits & (1 << 8):
+                    append("strike" if self.strike else "not strike")
+            if bits & 0b1111000000000:
+                if bits & (1 << 9):
+                    append("underline2" if self.underline2 else "not underline2")
+                if bits & (1 << 10):
+                    append("frame" if self.frame else "not frame")
+                if bits & (1 << 11):
+                    append("encircle" if self.encircle else "not encircle")
+                if bits & (1 << 12):
+                    append("overline" if self.overline else "not overline")
+            if self._color is not None:
+                append(self._color.name)
+            if self._bgcolor is not None:
+                append("on")
+                append(self._bgcolor.name)
+            if self._link:
+                append("link")
+                append(self._link)
+            self._style_definition = " ".join(attributes) or "none"
+        return self._style_definition
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        """A Style is false if it has no attributes, colors, or links."""
+        return not self._null
+
+    def _make_ansi_codes(self, color_system: ColorSystem) -> str:
+        """Generate ANSI codes for this style.
+
+        Args:
+            color_system (ColorSystem): Color system.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: String containing codes.
+        """
+        if self._ansi is None:
+            sgr: List[str] = []
+            append = sgr.append
+            _style_map = self._style_map
+            attributes = self._attributes & self._set_attributes
+            if attributes:
+                if attributes & 1:
+                    append(_style_map[0])
+                if attributes & 2:
+                    append(_style_map[1])
+                if attributes & 4:
+                    append(_style_map[2])
+                if attributes & 8:
+                    append(_style_map[3])
+                if attributes & 0b0000111110000:
+                    for bit in range(4, 9):
+                        if attributes & (1 << bit):
+                            append(_style_map[bit])
+                if attributes & 0b1111000000000:
+                    for bit in range(9, 13):
+                        if attributes & (1 << bit):
+                            append(_style_map[bit])
+            if self._color is not None:
+                sgr.extend(self._color.downgrade(color_system).get_ansi_codes())
+            if self._bgcolor is not None:
+                sgr.extend(
+                    self._bgcolor.downgrade(color_system).get_ansi_codes(
+                        foreground=False
+                    )
+                )
+            self._ansi = ";".join(sgr)
+        return self._ansi
+
+    @classmethod
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=1024)
+    def normalize(cls, style: str) -> str:
+        """Normalize a style definition so that styles with the same effect have the same string
+        representation.
+
+        Args:
+            style (str): A style definition.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: Normal form of style definition.
+        """
+        try:
+            return str(cls.parse(style))
+        except errors.StyleSyntaxError:
+            return style.strip().lower()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pick_first(cls, *values: Optional[StyleType]) -> StyleType:
+        """Pick first non-None style."""
+        for value in values:
+            if value is not None:
+                return value
+        raise ValueError("expected at least one non-None style")
+
+    def __rich_repr__(self) -> Result:
+        yield "color", self.color, None
+        yield "bgcolor", self.bgcolor, None
+        yield "bold", self.bold, None,
+        yield "dim", self.dim, None,
+        yield "italic", self.italic, None
+        yield "underline", self.underline, None,
+        yield "blink", self.blink, None
+        yield "blink2", self.blink2, None
+        yield "reverse", self.reverse, None
+        yield "conceal", self.conceal, None
+        yield "strike", self.strike, None
+        yield "underline2", self.underline2, None
+        yield "frame", self.frame, None
+        yield "encircle", self.encircle, None
+        yield "link", self.link, None
+        if self._meta:
+            yield "meta", self.meta
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, Style):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return (
+            self._color == other._color
+            and self._bgcolor == other._bgcolor
+            and self._set_attributes == other._set_attributes
+            and self._attributes == other._attributes
+            and self._link == other._link
+            and self._meta == other._meta
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return self._hash
+
+    @property
+    def color(self) -> Optional[Color]:
+        """The foreground color or None if it is not set."""
+        return self._color
+
+    @property
+    def bgcolor(self) -> Optional[Color]:
+        """The background color or None if it is not set."""
+        return self._bgcolor
+
+    @property
+    def link(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Link text, if set."""
+        return self._link
+
+    @property
+    def transparent_background(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the style specified a transparent background."""
+        return self.bgcolor is None or self.bgcolor.is_default
+
+    @property
+    def background_style(self) -> "Style":
+        """A Style with background only."""
+        return Style(bgcolor=self.bgcolor)
+
+    @property
+    def meta(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get meta information (can not be changed after construction)."""
+        return {} if self._meta is None else cast(Dict[str, Any], loads(self._meta))
+
+    @property
+    def without_color(self) -> "Style":
+        """Get a copy of the style with color removed."""
+        if self._null:
+            return NULL_STYLE
+        style: Style = self.__new__(Style)
+        style._ansi = None
+        style._style_definition = None
+        style._color = None
+        style._bgcolor = None
+        style._attributes = self._attributes
+        style._set_attributes = self._set_attributes
+        style._link = self._link
+        style._link_id = f"{randint(0, 999999)}" if self._link else ""
+        style._hash = self._hash
+        style._null = False
+        style._meta = None
+        return style
+
+    @classmethod
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=4096)
+    def parse(cls, style_definition: str) -> "Style":
+        """Parse a style definition.
+
+        Args:
+            style_definition (str): A string containing a style.
+
+        Raises:
+            errors.StyleSyntaxError: If the style definition syntax is invalid.
+
+        Returns:
+            `Style`: A Style instance.
+        """
+        if style_definition.strip() == "none" or not style_definition:
+            return cls.null()
+
+        STYLE_ATTRIBUTES = cls.STYLE_ATTRIBUTES
+        color: Optional[str] = None
+        bgcolor: Optional[str] = None
+        attributes: Dict[str, Optional[Any]] = {}
+        link: Optional[str] = None
+
+        words = iter(style_definition.split())
+        for original_word in words:
+            word = original_word.lower()
+            if word == "on":
+                word = next(words, "")
+                if not word:
+                    raise errors.StyleSyntaxError("color expected after 'on'")
+                try:
+                    Color.parse(word) is None
+                except ColorParseError as error:
+                    raise errors.StyleSyntaxError(
+                        f"unable to parse {word!r} as background color; {error}"
+                    ) from None
+                bgcolor = word
+
+            elif word == "not":
+                word = next(words, "")
+                attribute = STYLE_ATTRIBUTES.get(word)
+                if attribute is None:
+                    raise errors.StyleSyntaxError(
+                        f"expected style attribute after 'not', found {word!r}"
+                    )
+                attributes[attribute] = False
+
+            elif word == "link":
+                word = next(words, "")
+                if not word:
+                    raise errors.StyleSyntaxError("URL expected after 'link'")
+                link = word
+
+            elif word in STYLE_ATTRIBUTES:
+                attributes[STYLE_ATTRIBUTES[word]] = True
+
+            else:
+                try:
+                    Color.parse(word)
+                except ColorParseError as error:
+                    raise errors.StyleSyntaxError(
+                        f"unable to parse {word!r} as color; {error}"
+                    ) from None
+                color = word
+        style = Style(color=color, bgcolor=bgcolor, link=link, **attributes)
+        return style
+
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=1024)
+    def get_html_style(self, theme: Optional[TerminalTheme] = None) -> str:
+        """Get a CSS style rule."""
+        theme = theme or DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME
+        css: List[str] = []
+        append = css.append
+
+        color = self.color
+        bgcolor = self.bgcolor
+        if self.reverse:
+            color, bgcolor = bgcolor, color
+        if self.dim:
+            foreground_color = (
+                theme.foreground_color if color is None else color.get_truecolor(theme)
+            )
+            color = Color.from_triplet(
+                blend_rgb(foreground_color, theme.background_color, 0.5)
+            )
+        if color is not None:
+            theme_color = color.get_truecolor(theme)
+            append(f"color: {theme_color.hex}")
+            append(f"text-decoration-color: {theme_color.hex}")
+        if bgcolor is not None:
+            theme_color = bgcolor.get_truecolor(theme, foreground=False)
+            append(f"background-color: {theme_color.hex}")
+        if self.bold:
+            append("font-weight: bold")
+        if self.italic:
+            append("font-style: italic")
+        if self.underline:
+            append("text-decoration: underline")
+        if self.strike:
+            append("text-decoration: line-through")
+        if self.overline:
+            append("text-decoration: overline")
+        return "; ".join(css)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def combine(cls, styles: Iterable["Style"]) -> "Style":
+        """Combine styles and get result.
+
+        Args:
+            styles (Iterable[Style]): Styles to combine.
+
+        Returns:
+            Style: A new style instance.
+        """
+        iter_styles = iter(styles)
+        return sum(iter_styles, next(iter_styles))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def chain(cls, *styles: "Style") -> "Style":
+        """Combine styles from positional argument in to a single style.
+
+        Args:
+            *styles (Iterable[Style]): Styles to combine.
+
+        Returns:
+            Style: A new style instance.
+        """
+        iter_styles = iter(styles)
+        return sum(iter_styles, next(iter_styles))
+
+    def copy(self) -> "Style":
+        """Get a copy of this style.
+
+        Returns:
+            Style: A new Style instance with identical attributes.
+        """
+        if self._null:
+            return NULL_STYLE
+        style: Style = self.__new__(Style)
+        style._ansi = self._ansi
+        style._style_definition = self._style_definition
+        style._color = self._color
+        style._bgcolor = self._bgcolor
+        style._attributes = self._attributes
+        style._set_attributes = self._set_attributes
+        style._link = self._link
+        style._link_id = f"{randint(0, 999999)}" if self._link else ""
+        style._hash = self._hash
+        style._null = False
+        style._meta = self._meta
+        return style
+
+    def update_link(self, link: Optional[str] = None) -> "Style":
+        """Get a copy with a different value for link.
+
+        Args:
+            link (str, optional): New value for link. Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Style: A new Style instance.
+        """
+        style: Style = self.__new__(Style)
+        style._ansi = self._ansi
+        style._style_definition = self._style_definition
+        style._color = self._color
+        style._bgcolor = self._bgcolor
+        style._attributes = self._attributes
+        style._set_attributes = self._set_attributes
+        style._link = link
+        style._link_id = f"{randint(0, 999999)}" if link else ""
+        style._hash = self._hash
+        style._null = False
+        style._meta = self._meta
+        return style
+
+    def render(
+        self,
+        text: str = "",
+        *,
+        color_system: Optional[ColorSystem] = ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR,
+        legacy_windows: bool = False,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Render the ANSI codes for the style.
+
+        Args:
+            text (str, optional): A string to style. Defaults to "".
+            color_system (Optional[ColorSystem], optional): Color system to render to. Defaults to ColorSystem.TRUECOLOR.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A string containing ANSI style codes.
+        """
+        if not text or color_system is None:
+            return text
+        attrs = self._make_ansi_codes(color_system)
+        rendered = f"\x1b[{attrs}m{text}\x1b[0m" if attrs else text
+        if self._link and not legacy_windows:
+            rendered = (
+                f"\x1b]8;id={self._link_id};{self._link}\x1b\\{rendered}\x1b]8;;\x1b\\"
+            )
+        return rendered
+
+    def test(self, text: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """Write text with style directly to terminal.
+
+        This method is for testing purposes only.
+
+        Args:
+            text (Optional[str], optional): Text to style or None for style name.
+
+        """
+        text = text or str(self)
+        sys.stdout.write(f"{self.render(text)}\n")
+
+    def __add__(self, style: Optional["Style"]) -> "Style":
+        if not (isinstance(style, Style) or style is None):
+            return NotImplemented
+        if style is None or style._null:
+            return self
+        if self._null:
+            return style
+        new_style: Style = self.__new__(Style)
+        new_style._ansi = None
+        new_style._style_definition = None
+        new_style._color = style._color or self._color
+        new_style._bgcolor = style._bgcolor or self._bgcolor
+        new_style._attributes = (self._attributes & ~style._set_attributes) | (
+            style._attributes & style._set_attributes
+        )
+        new_style._set_attributes = self._set_attributes | style._set_attributes
+        new_style._link = style._link or self._link
+        new_style._link_id = style._link_id or self._link_id
+        new_style._hash = style._hash
+        new_style._null = self._null or style._null
+        if self._meta and style._meta:
+            new_style._meta = dumps({**self.meta, **style.meta})
+        else:
+            new_style._meta = self._meta or style._meta
+        return new_style
+
+
+NULL_STYLE = Style()
+
+
+class StyleStack:
+    """A stack of styles."""
+
+    __slots__ = ["_stack"]
+
+    def __init__(self, default_style: "Style") -> None:
+        self._stack: List[Style] = [default_style]
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<stylestack {self._stack!r}>"
+
+    @property
+    def current(self) -> Style:
+        """Get the Style at the top of the stack."""
+        return self._stack[-1]
+
+    def push(self, style: Style) -> None:
+        """Push a new style on to the stack.
+
+        Args:
+            style (Style): New style to combine with current style.
+        """
+        self._stack.append(self._stack[-1] + style)
+
+    def pop(self) -> Style:
+        """Pop last style and discard.
+
+        Returns:
+            Style: New current style (also available as stack.current)
+        """
+        self._stack.pop()
+        return self._stack[-1]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/styled.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/styled.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91cd0db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/styled.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import StyleType
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult, RenderableType
+
+
+class Styled:
+    """Apply a style to a renderable.
+
+    Args:
+        renderable (RenderableType): Any renderable.
+        style (StyleType): A style to apply across the entire renderable.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, renderable: "RenderableType", style: "StyleType") -> None:
+        self.renderable = renderable
+        self.style = style
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        style = console.get_style(self.style)
+        rendered_segments = console.render(self.renderable, options)
+        segments = Segment.apply_style(rendered_segments, style)
+        return segments
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        return Measurement.get(console, options, self.renderable)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich import print
+    from pip._vendor.rich.panel import Panel
+
+    panel = Styled(Panel("hello"), "on blue")
+    print(panel)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/syntax.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/syntax.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58cc103
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/syntax.py
@@ -0,0 +1,735 @@
+import os.path
+import platform
+from pip._vendor.rich.containers import Lines
+import textwrap
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Type, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.lexer import Lexer
+from pip._vendor.pygments.lexers import get_lexer_by_name, guess_lexer_for_filename
+from pip._vendor.pygments.style import Style as PygmentsStyle
+from pip._vendor.pygments.styles import get_style_by_name
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import (
+    Comment,
+    Error,
+    Generic,
+    Keyword,
+    Name,
+    Number,
+    Operator,
+    String,
+    Token,
+    Whitespace,
+)
+from pip._vendor.pygments.util import ClassNotFound
+
+from ._loop import loop_first
+from .color import Color, blend_rgb
+from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, JustifyMethod, RenderResult
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import Style
+from .text import Text
+
+TokenType = Tuple[str, ...]
+
+WINDOWS = platform.system() == "Windows"
+DEFAULT_THEME = "monokai"
+
+# The following styles are based on https://github.com/pygments/pygments/blob/master/pygments/formatters/terminal.py
+# A few modifications were made
+
+ANSI_LIGHT: Dict[TokenType, Style] = {
+    Token: Style(),
+    Whitespace: Style(color="white"),
+    Comment: Style(dim=True),
+    Comment.Preproc: Style(color="cyan"),
+    Keyword: Style(color="blue"),
+    Keyword.Type: Style(color="cyan"),
+    Operator.Word: Style(color="magenta"),
+    Name.Builtin: Style(color="cyan"),
+    Name.Function: Style(color="green"),
+    Name.Namespace: Style(color="cyan", underline=True),
+    Name.Class: Style(color="green", underline=True),
+    Name.Exception: Style(color="cyan"),
+    Name.Decorator: Style(color="magenta", bold=True),
+    Name.Variable: Style(color="red"),
+    Name.Constant: Style(color="red"),
+    Name.Attribute: Style(color="cyan"),
+    Name.Tag: Style(color="bright_blue"),
+    String: Style(color="yellow"),
+    Number: Style(color="blue"),
+    Generic.Deleted: Style(color="bright_red"),
+    Generic.Inserted: Style(color="green"),
+    Generic.Heading: Style(bold=True),
+    Generic.Subheading: Style(color="magenta", bold=True),
+    Generic.Prompt: Style(bold=True),
+    Generic.Error: Style(color="bright_red"),
+    Error: Style(color="red", underline=True),
+}
+
+ANSI_DARK: Dict[TokenType, Style] = {
+    Token: Style(),
+    Whitespace: Style(color="bright_black"),
+    Comment: Style(dim=True),
+    Comment.Preproc: Style(color="bright_cyan"),
+    Keyword: Style(color="bright_blue"),
+    Keyword.Type: Style(color="bright_cyan"),
+    Operator.Word: Style(color="bright_magenta"),
+    Name.Builtin: Style(color="bright_cyan"),
+    Name.Function: Style(color="bright_green"),
+    Name.Namespace: Style(color="bright_cyan", underline=True),
+    Name.Class: Style(color="bright_green", underline=True),
+    Name.Exception: Style(color="bright_cyan"),
+    Name.Decorator: Style(color="bright_magenta", bold=True),
+    Name.Variable: Style(color="bright_red"),
+    Name.Constant: Style(color="bright_red"),
+    Name.Attribute: Style(color="bright_cyan"),
+    Name.Tag: Style(color="bright_blue"),
+    String: Style(color="yellow"),
+    Number: Style(color="bright_blue"),
+    Generic.Deleted: Style(color="bright_red"),
+    Generic.Inserted: Style(color="bright_green"),
+    Generic.Heading: Style(bold=True),
+    Generic.Subheading: Style(color="bright_magenta", bold=True),
+    Generic.Prompt: Style(bold=True),
+    Generic.Error: Style(color="bright_red"),
+    Error: Style(color="red", underline=True),
+}
+
+RICH_SYNTAX_THEMES = {"ansi_light": ANSI_LIGHT, "ansi_dark": ANSI_DARK}
+
+
+class SyntaxTheme(ABC):
+    """Base class for a syntax theme."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_style_for_token(self, token_type: TokenType) -> Style:
+        """Get a style for a given Pygments token."""
+        raise NotImplementedError  # pragma: no cover
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_background_style(self) -> Style:
+        """Get the background color."""
+        raise NotImplementedError  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+class PygmentsSyntaxTheme(SyntaxTheme):
+    """Syntax theme that delegates to Pygments theme."""
+
+    def __init__(self, theme: Union[str, Type[PygmentsStyle]]) -> None:
+        self._style_cache: Dict[TokenType, Style] = {}
+        if isinstance(theme, str):
+            try:
+                self._pygments_style_class = get_style_by_name(theme)
+            except ClassNotFound:
+                self._pygments_style_class = get_style_by_name("default")
+        else:
+            self._pygments_style_class = theme
+
+        self._background_color = self._pygments_style_class.background_color
+        self._background_style = Style(bgcolor=self._background_color)
+
+    def get_style_for_token(self, token_type: TokenType) -> Style:
+        """Get a style from a Pygments class."""
+        try:
+            return self._style_cache[token_type]
+        except KeyError:
+            try:
+                pygments_style = self._pygments_style_class.style_for_token(token_type)
+            except KeyError:
+                style = Style.null()
+            else:
+                color = pygments_style["color"]
+                bgcolor = pygments_style["bgcolor"]
+                style = Style(
+                    color="#" + color if color else "#000000",
+                    bgcolor="#" + bgcolor if bgcolor else self._background_color,
+                    bold=pygments_style["bold"],
+                    italic=pygments_style["italic"],
+                    underline=pygments_style["underline"],
+                )
+            self._style_cache[token_type] = style
+        return style
+
+    def get_background_style(self) -> Style:
+        return self._background_style
+
+
+class ANSISyntaxTheme(SyntaxTheme):
+    """Syntax theme to use standard colors."""
+
+    def __init__(self, style_map: Dict[TokenType, Style]) -> None:
+        self.style_map = style_map
+        self._missing_style = Style.null()
+        self._background_style = Style.null()
+        self._style_cache: Dict[TokenType, Style] = {}
+
+    def get_style_for_token(self, token_type: TokenType) -> Style:
+        """Look up style in the style map."""
+        try:
+            return self._style_cache[token_type]
+        except KeyError:
+            # Styles form a hierarchy
+            # We need to go from most to least specific
+            # e.g. ("foo", "bar", "baz") to ("foo", "bar")  to ("foo",)
+            get_style = self.style_map.get
+            token = tuple(token_type)
+            style = self._missing_style
+            while token:
+                _style = get_style(token)
+                if _style is not None:
+                    style = _style
+                    break
+                token = token[:-1]
+            self._style_cache[token_type] = style
+            return style
+
+    def get_background_style(self) -> Style:
+        return self._background_style
+
+
+class Syntax(JupyterMixin):
+    """Construct a Syntax object to render syntax highlighted code.
+
+    Args:
+        code (str): Code to highlight.
+        lexer (Lexer | str): Lexer to use (see https://pygments.org/docs/lexers/)
+        theme (str, optional): Color theme, aka Pygments style (see https://pygments.org/docs/styles/#getting-a-list-of-available-styles). Defaults to "monokai".
+        dedent (bool, optional): Enable stripping of initial whitespace. Defaults to False.
+        line_numbers (bool, optional): Enable rendering of line numbers. Defaults to False.
+        start_line (int, optional): Starting number for line numbers. Defaults to 1.
+        line_range (Tuple[int, int], optional): If given should be a tuple of the start and end line to render.
+        highlight_lines (Set[int]): A set of line numbers to highlight.
+        code_width: Width of code to render (not including line numbers), or ``None`` to use all available width.
+        tab_size (int, optional): Size of tabs. Defaults to 4.
+        word_wrap (bool, optional): Enable word wrapping.
+        background_color (str, optional): Optional background color, or None to use theme color. Defaults to None.
+        indent_guides (bool, optional): Show indent guides. Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    _pygments_style_class: Type[PygmentsStyle]
+    _theme: SyntaxTheme
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_theme(cls, name: Union[str, SyntaxTheme]) -> SyntaxTheme:
+        """Get a syntax theme instance."""
+        if isinstance(name, SyntaxTheme):
+            return name
+        theme: SyntaxTheme
+        if name in RICH_SYNTAX_THEMES:
+            theme = ANSISyntaxTheme(RICH_SYNTAX_THEMES[name])
+        else:
+            theme = PygmentsSyntaxTheme(name)
+        return theme
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        code: str,
+        lexer: Union[Lexer, str],
+        *,
+        theme: Union[str, SyntaxTheme] = DEFAULT_THEME,
+        dedent: bool = False,
+        line_numbers: bool = False,
+        start_line: int = 1,
+        line_range: Optional[Tuple[int, int]] = None,
+        highlight_lines: Optional[Set[int]] = None,
+        code_width: Optional[int] = None,
+        tab_size: int = 4,
+        word_wrap: bool = False,
+        background_color: Optional[str] = None,
+        indent_guides: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.code = code
+        self._lexer = lexer
+        self.dedent = dedent
+        self.line_numbers = line_numbers
+        self.start_line = start_line
+        self.line_range = line_range
+        self.highlight_lines = highlight_lines or set()
+        self.code_width = code_width
+        self.tab_size = tab_size
+        self.word_wrap = word_wrap
+        self.background_color = background_color
+        self.background_style = (
+            Style(bgcolor=background_color) if background_color else Style()
+        )
+        self.indent_guides = indent_guides
+
+        self._theme = self.get_theme(theme)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_path(
+        cls,
+        path: str,
+        encoding: str = "utf-8",
+        theme: Union[str, SyntaxTheme] = DEFAULT_THEME,
+        dedent: bool = False,
+        line_numbers: bool = False,
+        line_range: Optional[Tuple[int, int]] = None,
+        start_line: int = 1,
+        highlight_lines: Optional[Set[int]] = None,
+        code_width: Optional[int] = None,
+        tab_size: int = 4,
+        word_wrap: bool = False,
+        background_color: Optional[str] = None,
+        indent_guides: bool = False,
+    ) -> "Syntax":
+        """Construct a Syntax object from a file.
+
+        Args:
+            path (str): Path to file to highlight.
+            encoding (str): Encoding of file.
+            theme (str, optional): Color theme, aka Pygments style (see https://pygments.org/docs/styles/#getting-a-list-of-available-styles). Defaults to "emacs".
+            dedent (bool, optional): Enable stripping of initial whitespace. Defaults to True.
+            line_numbers (bool, optional): Enable rendering of line numbers. Defaults to False.
+            start_line (int, optional): Starting number for line numbers. Defaults to 1.
+            line_range (Tuple[int, int], optional): If given should be a tuple of the start and end line to render.
+            highlight_lines (Set[int]): A set of line numbers to highlight.
+            code_width: Width of code to render (not including line numbers), or ``None`` to use all available width.
+            tab_size (int, optional): Size of tabs. Defaults to 4.
+            word_wrap (bool, optional): Enable word wrapping of code.
+            background_color (str, optional): Optional background color, or None to use theme color. Defaults to None.
+            indent_guides (bool, optional): Show indent guides. Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            [Syntax]: A Syntax object that may be printed to the console
+        """
+        with open(path, "rt", encoding=encoding) as code_file:
+            code = code_file.read()
+
+        lexer = None
+        lexer_name = "default"
+        try:
+            _, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
+            if ext:
+                extension = ext.lstrip(".").lower()
+                lexer = get_lexer_by_name(extension)
+                lexer_name = lexer.name
+        except ClassNotFound:
+            pass
+
+        if lexer is None:
+            try:
+                lexer_name = guess_lexer_for_filename(path, code).name
+            except ClassNotFound:
+                pass
+
+        return cls(
+            code,
+            lexer_name,
+            theme=theme,
+            dedent=dedent,
+            line_numbers=line_numbers,
+            line_range=line_range,
+            start_line=start_line,
+            highlight_lines=highlight_lines,
+            code_width=code_width,
+            tab_size=tab_size,
+            word_wrap=word_wrap,
+            background_color=background_color,
+            indent_guides=indent_guides,
+        )
+
+    def _get_base_style(self) -> Style:
+        """Get the base style."""
+        default_style = self._theme.get_background_style() + self.background_style
+        return default_style
+
+    def _get_token_color(self, token_type: TokenType) -> Optional[Color]:
+        """Get a color (if any) for the given token.
+
+        Args:
+            token_type (TokenType): A token type tuple from Pygments.
+
+        Returns:
+            Optional[Color]: Color from theme, or None for no color.
+        """
+        style = self._theme.get_style_for_token(token_type)
+        return style.color
+
+    @property
+    def lexer(self) -> Optional[Lexer]:
+        """The lexer for this syntax, or None if no lexer was found.
+
+        Tries to find the lexer by name if a string was passed to the constructor.
+        """
+
+        if isinstance(self._lexer, Lexer):
+            return self._lexer
+        try:
+            return get_lexer_by_name(
+                self._lexer,
+                stripnl=False,
+                ensurenl=True,
+                tabsize=self.tab_size,
+            )
+        except ClassNotFound:
+            return None
+
+    def highlight(
+        self, code: str, line_range: Optional[Tuple[int, int]] = None
+    ) -> Text:
+        """Highlight code and return a Text instance.
+
+        Args:
+            code (str): Code to highlight.
+            line_range(Tuple[int, int], optional): Optional line range to highlight.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: A text instance containing highlighted syntax.
+        """
+
+        base_style = self._get_base_style()
+        justify: JustifyMethod = (
+            "default" if base_style.transparent_background else "left"
+        )
+
+        text = Text(
+            justify=justify,
+            style=base_style,
+            tab_size=self.tab_size,
+            no_wrap=not self.word_wrap,
+        )
+        _get_theme_style = self._theme.get_style_for_token
+
+        lexer = self.lexer
+
+        if lexer is None:
+            text.append(code)
+        else:
+            if line_range:
+                # More complicated path to only stylize a portion of the code
+                # This speeds up further operations as there are less spans to process
+                line_start, line_end = line_range
+
+                def line_tokenize() -> Iterable[Tuple[Any, str]]:
+                    """Split tokens to one per line."""
+                    assert lexer
+
+                    for token_type, token in lexer.get_tokens(code):
+                        while token:
+                            line_token, new_line, token = token.partition("\n")
+                            yield token_type, line_token + new_line
+
+                def tokens_to_spans() -> Iterable[Tuple[str, Optional[Style]]]:
+                    """Convert tokens to spans."""
+                    tokens = iter(line_tokenize())
+                    line_no = 0
+                    _line_start = line_start - 1
+
+                    # Skip over tokens until line start
+                    while line_no < _line_start:
+                        _token_type, token = next(tokens)
+                        yield (token, None)
+                        if token.endswith("\n"):
+                            line_no += 1
+                    # Generate spans until line end
+                    for token_type, token in tokens:
+                        yield (token, _get_theme_style(token_type))
+                        if token.endswith("\n"):
+                            line_no += 1
+                            if line_no >= line_end:
+                                break
+
+                text.append_tokens(tokens_to_spans())
+
+            else:
+                text.append_tokens(
+                    (token, _get_theme_style(token_type))
+                    for token_type, token in lexer.get_tokens(code)
+                )
+            if self.background_color is not None:
+                text.stylize(f"on {self.background_color}")
+        return text
+
+    def _get_line_numbers_color(self, blend: float = 0.3) -> Color:
+        background_style = self._theme.get_background_style() + self.background_style
+        background_color = background_style.bgcolor
+        if background_color is None or background_color.is_system_defined:
+            return Color.default()
+        foreground_color = self._get_token_color(Token.Text)
+        if foreground_color is None or foreground_color.is_system_defined:
+            return foreground_color or Color.default()
+        new_color = blend_rgb(
+            background_color.get_truecolor(),
+            foreground_color.get_truecolor(),
+            cross_fade=blend,
+        )
+        return Color.from_triplet(new_color)
+
+    @property
+    def _numbers_column_width(self) -> int:
+        """Get the number of characters used to render the numbers column."""
+        column_width = 0
+        if self.line_numbers:
+            column_width = len(str(self.start_line + self.code.count("\n"))) + 2
+        return column_width
+
+    def _get_number_styles(self, console: Console) -> Tuple[Style, Style, Style]:
+        """Get background, number, and highlight styles for line numbers."""
+        background_style = self._get_base_style()
+        if background_style.transparent_background:
+            return Style.null(), Style(dim=True), Style.null()
+        if console.color_system in ("256", "truecolor"):
+            number_style = Style.chain(
+                background_style,
+                self._theme.get_style_for_token(Token.Text),
+                Style(color=self._get_line_numbers_color()),
+                self.background_style,
+            )
+            highlight_number_style = Style.chain(
+                background_style,
+                self._theme.get_style_for_token(Token.Text),
+                Style(bold=True, color=self._get_line_numbers_color(0.9)),
+                self.background_style,
+            )
+        else:
+            number_style = background_style + Style(dim=True)
+            highlight_number_style = background_style + Style(dim=False)
+        return background_style, number_style, highlight_number_style
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        if self.code_width is not None:
+            width = self.code_width + self._numbers_column_width
+            return Measurement(self._numbers_column_width, width)
+        return Measurement(self._numbers_column_width, options.max_width)
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+
+        transparent_background = self._get_base_style().transparent_background
+        code_width = (
+            (
+                (options.max_width - self._numbers_column_width - 1)
+                if self.line_numbers
+                else options.max_width
+            )
+            if self.code_width is None
+            else self.code_width
+        )
+
+        line_offset = 0
+        if self.line_range:
+            start_line, end_line = self.line_range
+            line_offset = max(0, start_line - 1)
+
+        ends_on_nl = self.code.endswith("\n")
+        code = self.code if ends_on_nl else self.code + "\n"
+        code = textwrap.dedent(code) if self.dedent else code
+        code = code.expandtabs(self.tab_size)
+        text = self.highlight(code, self.line_range)
+
+        (
+            background_style,
+            number_style,
+            highlight_number_style,
+        ) = self._get_number_styles(console)
+
+        if not self.line_numbers and not self.word_wrap and not self.line_range:
+            if not ends_on_nl:
+                text.remove_suffix("\n")
+            # Simple case of just rendering text
+            style = (
+                self._get_base_style()
+                + self._theme.get_style_for_token(Comment)
+                + Style(dim=True)
+                + self.background_style
+            )
+            if self.indent_guides and not options.ascii_only:
+                text = text.with_indent_guides(self.tab_size, style=style)
+                text.overflow = "crop"
+            if style.transparent_background:
+                yield from console.render(
+                    text, options=options.update(width=code_width)
+                )
+            else:
+                syntax_lines = console.render_lines(
+                    text,
+                    options.update(width=code_width, height=None),
+                    style=self.background_style,
+                    pad=True,
+                    new_lines=True,
+                )
+                for syntax_line in syntax_lines:
+                    yield from syntax_line
+            return
+
+        lines: Union[List[Text], Lines] = text.split("\n", allow_blank=ends_on_nl)
+        if self.line_range:
+            lines = lines[line_offset:end_line]
+
+        if self.indent_guides and not options.ascii_only:
+            style = (
+                self._get_base_style()
+                + self._theme.get_style_for_token(Comment)
+                + Style(dim=True)
+                + self.background_style
+            )
+            lines = (
+                Text("\n")
+                .join(lines)
+                .with_indent_guides(self.tab_size, style=style)
+                .split("\n", allow_blank=True)
+            )
+
+        numbers_column_width = self._numbers_column_width
+        render_options = options.update(width=code_width)
+
+        highlight_line = self.highlight_lines.__contains__
+        _Segment = Segment
+        padding = _Segment(" " * numbers_column_width + " ", background_style)
+        new_line = _Segment("\n")
+
+        line_pointer = "> " if options.legacy_windows else "❱ "
+
+        for line_no, line in enumerate(lines, self.start_line + line_offset):
+            if self.word_wrap:
+                wrapped_lines = console.render_lines(
+                    line,
+                    render_options.update(height=None),
+                    style=background_style,
+                    pad=not transparent_background,
+                )
+
+            else:
+                segments = list(line.render(console, end=""))
+                if options.no_wrap:
+                    wrapped_lines = [segments]
+                else:
+                    wrapped_lines = [
+                        _Segment.adjust_line_length(
+                            segments,
+                            render_options.max_width,
+                            style=background_style,
+                            pad=not transparent_background,
+                        )
+                    ]
+            if self.line_numbers:
+                for first, wrapped_line in loop_first(wrapped_lines):
+                    if first:
+                        line_column = str(line_no).rjust(numbers_column_width - 2) + " "
+                        if highlight_line(line_no):
+                            yield _Segment(line_pointer, Style(color="red"))
+                            yield _Segment(line_column, highlight_number_style)
+                        else:
+                            yield _Segment("  ", highlight_number_style)
+                            yield _Segment(line_column, number_style)
+                    else:
+                        yield padding
+                    yield from wrapped_line
+                    yield new_line
+            else:
+                for wrapped_line in wrapped_lines:
+                    yield from wrapped_line
+                    yield new_line
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    import argparse
+    import sys
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Render syntax to the console with Rich"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "path",
+        metavar="PATH",
+        help="path to file, or - for stdin",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-c",
+        "--force-color",
+        dest="force_color",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=None,
+        help="force color for non-terminals",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-i",
+        "--indent-guides",
+        dest="indent_guides",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="display indent guides",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-l",
+        "--line-numbers",
+        dest="line_numbers",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="render line numbers",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-w",
+        "--width",
+        type=int,
+        dest="width",
+        default=None,
+        help="width of output (default will auto-detect)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-r",
+        "--wrap",
+        dest="word_wrap",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="word wrap long lines",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-s",
+        "--soft-wrap",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="soft_wrap",
+        default=False,
+        help="enable soft wrapping mode",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-t", "--theme", dest="theme", default="monokai", help="pygments theme"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-b",
+        "--background-color",
+        dest="background_color",
+        default=None,
+        help="Override background color",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-x",
+        "--lexer",
+        default="default",
+        dest="lexer_name",
+        help="Lexer name",
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+
+    console = Console(force_terminal=args.force_color, width=args.width)
+
+    if args.path == "-":
+        code = sys.stdin.read()
+        syntax = Syntax(
+            code=code,
+            lexer=args.lexer_name,
+            line_numbers=args.line_numbers,
+            word_wrap=args.word_wrap,
+            theme=args.theme,
+            background_color=args.background_color,
+            indent_guides=args.indent_guides,
+        )
+    else:
+        syntax = Syntax.from_path(
+            args.path,
+            line_numbers=args.line_numbers,
+            word_wrap=args.word_wrap,
+            theme=args.theme,
+            background_color=args.background_color,
+            indent_guides=args.indent_guides,
+        )
+    console.print(syntax, soft_wrap=args.soft_wrap)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/table.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/table.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da43860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/table.py
@@ -0,0 +1,968 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field, replace
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from . import box, errors
+from ._loop import loop_first_last, loop_last
+from ._pick import pick_bool
+from ._ratio import ratio_distribute, ratio_reduce
+from .align import VerticalAlignMethod
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .padding import Padding, PaddingDimensions
+from .protocol import is_renderable
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import Style, StyleType
+from .text import Text, TextType
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .console import (
+        Console,
+        ConsoleOptions,
+        JustifyMethod,
+        OverflowMethod,
+        RenderableType,
+        RenderResult,
+    )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Column:
+    """Defines a column in a table."""
+
+    header: "RenderableType" = ""
+    """RenderableType: Renderable for the header (typically a string)"""
+
+    footer: "RenderableType" = ""
+    """RenderableType: Renderable for the footer (typically a string)"""
+
+    header_style: StyleType = ""
+    """StyleType: The style of the header."""
+
+    footer_style: StyleType = ""
+    """StyleType: The style of the footer."""
+
+    style: StyleType = ""
+    """StyleType: The style of the column."""
+
+    justify: "JustifyMethod" = "left"
+    """str: How to justify text within the column ("left", "center", "right", or "full")"""
+
+    vertical: "VerticalAlignMethod" = "top"
+    """str: How to vertically align content ("top", "middle", or "bottom")"""
+
+    overflow: "OverflowMethod" = "ellipsis"
+    """str: Overflow method."""
+
+    width: Optional[int] = None
+    """Optional[int]: Width of the column, or ``None`` (default) to auto calculate width."""
+
+    min_width: Optional[int] = None
+    """Optional[int]: Minimum width of column, or ``None`` for no minimum. Defaults to None."""
+
+    max_width: Optional[int] = None
+    """Optional[int]: Maximum width of column, or ``None`` for no maximum. Defaults to None."""
+
+    ratio: Optional[int] = None
+    """Optional[int]: Ratio to use when calculating column width, or ``None`` (default) to adapt to column contents."""
+
+    no_wrap: bool = False
+    """bool: Prevent wrapping of text within the column. Defaults to ``False``."""
+
+    _index: int = 0
+    """Index of column."""
+
+    _cells: List["RenderableType"] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+    def copy(self) -> "Column":
+        """Return a copy of this Column."""
+        return replace(self, _cells=[])
+
+    @property
+    def cells(self) -> Iterable["RenderableType"]:
+        """Get all cells in the column, not including header."""
+        yield from self._cells
+
+    @property
+    def flexible(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if this column is flexible."""
+        return self.ratio is not None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Row:
+    """Information regarding a row."""
+
+    style: Optional[StyleType] = None
+    """Style to apply to row."""
+
+    end_section: bool = False
+    """Indicated end of section, which will force a line beneath the row."""
+
+
+class _Cell(NamedTuple):
+    """A single cell in a table."""
+
+    style: StyleType
+    """Style to apply to cell."""
+    renderable: "RenderableType"
+    """Cell renderable."""
+    vertical: VerticalAlignMethod
+    """Cell vertical alignment."""
+
+
+class Table(JupyterMixin):
+    """A console renderable to draw a table.
+
+    Args:
+        *headers (Union[Column, str]): Column headers, either as a string, or :class:`~rich.table.Column` instance.
+        title (Union[str, Text], optional): The title of the table rendered at the top. Defaults to None.
+        caption (Union[str, Text], optional): The table caption rendered below. Defaults to None.
+        width (int, optional): The width in characters of the table, or ``None`` to automatically fit. Defaults to None.
+        min_width (Optional[int], optional): The minimum width of the table, or ``None`` for no minimum. Defaults to None.
+        box (box.Box, optional): One of the constants in box.py used to draw the edges (see :ref:`appendix_box`), or ``None`` for no box lines. Defaults to box.HEAVY_HEAD.
+        safe_box (Optional[bool], optional): Disable box characters that don't display on windows legacy terminal with *raster* fonts. Defaults to True.
+        padding (PaddingDimensions, optional): Padding for cells (top, right, bottom, left). Defaults to (0, 1).
+        collapse_padding (bool, optional): Enable collapsing of padding around cells. Defaults to False.
+        pad_edge (bool, optional): Enable padding of edge cells. Defaults to True.
+        expand (bool, optional): Expand the table to fit the available space if ``True``, otherwise the table width will be auto-calculated. Defaults to False.
+        show_header (bool, optional): Show a header row. Defaults to True.
+        show_footer (bool, optional): Show a footer row. Defaults to False.
+        show_edge (bool, optional): Draw a box around the outside of the table. Defaults to True.
+        show_lines (bool, optional): Draw lines between every row. Defaults to False.
+        leading (bool, optional): Number of blank lines between rows (precludes ``show_lines``). Defaults to 0.
+        style (Union[str, Style], optional): Default style for the table. Defaults to "none".
+        row_styles (List[Union, str], optional): Optional list of row styles, if more than one style is given then the styles will alternate. Defaults to None.
+        header_style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style of the header. Defaults to "table.header".
+        footer_style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style of the footer. Defaults to "table.footer".
+        border_style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style of the border. Defaults to None.
+        title_style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style of the title. Defaults to None.
+        caption_style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style of the caption. Defaults to None.
+        title_justify (str, optional): Justify method for title. Defaults to "center".
+        caption_justify (str, optional): Justify method for caption. Defaults to "center".
+        highlight (bool, optional): Highlight cell contents (if str). Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    columns: List[Column]
+    rows: List[Row]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *headers: Union[Column, str],
+        title: Optional[TextType] = None,
+        caption: Optional[TextType] = None,
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        min_width: Optional[int] = None,
+        box: Optional[box.Box] = box.HEAVY_HEAD,
+        safe_box: Optional[bool] = None,
+        padding: PaddingDimensions = (0, 1),
+        collapse_padding: bool = False,
+        pad_edge: bool = True,
+        expand: bool = False,
+        show_header: bool = True,
+        show_footer: bool = False,
+        show_edge: bool = True,
+        show_lines: bool = False,
+        leading: int = 0,
+        style: StyleType = "none",
+        row_styles: Optional[Iterable[StyleType]] = None,
+        header_style: Optional[StyleType] = "table.header",
+        footer_style: Optional[StyleType] = "table.footer",
+        border_style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        title_style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        caption_style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        title_justify: "JustifyMethod" = "center",
+        caption_justify: "JustifyMethod" = "center",
+        highlight: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+
+        self.columns: List[Column] = []
+        self.rows: List[Row] = []
+        self.title = title
+        self.caption = caption
+        self.width = width
+        self.min_width = min_width
+        self.box = box
+        self.safe_box = safe_box
+        self._padding = Padding.unpack(padding)
+        self.pad_edge = pad_edge
+        self._expand = expand
+        self.show_header = show_header
+        self.show_footer = show_footer
+        self.show_edge = show_edge
+        self.show_lines = show_lines
+        self.leading = leading
+        self.collapse_padding = collapse_padding
+        self.style = style
+        self.header_style = header_style or ""
+        self.footer_style = footer_style or ""
+        self.border_style = border_style
+        self.title_style = title_style
+        self.caption_style = caption_style
+        self.title_justify: "JustifyMethod" = title_justify
+        self.caption_justify: "JustifyMethod" = caption_justify
+        self.highlight = highlight
+        self.row_styles: Sequence[StyleType] = list(row_styles or [])
+        append_column = self.columns.append
+        for header in headers:
+            if isinstance(header, str):
+                self.add_column(header=header)
+            else:
+                header._index = len(self.columns)
+                append_column(header)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def grid(
+        cls,
+        *headers: Union[Column, str],
+        padding: PaddingDimensions = 0,
+        collapse_padding: bool = True,
+        pad_edge: bool = False,
+        expand: bool = False,
+    ) -> "Table":
+        """Get a table with no lines, headers, or footer.
+
+        Args:
+            *headers (Union[Column, str]): Column headers, either as a string, or :class:`~rich.table.Column` instance.
+            padding (PaddingDimensions, optional): Get padding around cells. Defaults to 0.
+            collapse_padding (bool, optional): Enable collapsing of padding around cells. Defaults to True.
+            pad_edge (bool, optional): Enable padding around edges of table. Defaults to False.
+            expand (bool, optional): Expand the table to fit the available space if ``True``, otherwise the table width will be auto-calculated. Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            Table: A table instance.
+        """
+        return cls(
+            *headers,
+            box=None,
+            padding=padding,
+            collapse_padding=collapse_padding,
+            show_header=False,
+            show_footer=False,
+            show_edge=False,
+            pad_edge=pad_edge,
+            expand=expand,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def expand(self) -> bool:
+        """Setting a non-None self.width implies expand."""
+        return self._expand or self.width is not None
+
+    @expand.setter
+    def expand(self, expand: bool) -> None:
+        """Set expand."""
+        self._expand = expand
+
+    @property
+    def _extra_width(self) -> int:
+        """Get extra width to add to cell content."""
+        width = 0
+        if self.box and self.show_edge:
+            width += 2
+        if self.box:
+            width += len(self.columns) - 1
+        return width
+
+    @property
+    def row_count(self) -> int:
+        """Get the current number of rows."""
+        return len(self.rows)
+
+    def get_row_style(self, console: "Console", index: int) -> StyleType:
+        """Get the current row style."""
+        style = Style.null()
+        if self.row_styles:
+            style += console.get_style(self.row_styles[index % len(self.row_styles)])
+        row_style = self.rows[index].style
+        if row_style is not None:
+            style += console.get_style(row_style)
+        return style
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        max_width = options.max_width
+        if self.width is not None:
+            max_width = self.width
+        if max_width < 0:
+            return Measurement(0, 0)
+
+        extra_width = self._extra_width
+        max_width = sum(
+            self._calculate_column_widths(
+                console, options.update_width(max_width - extra_width)
+            )
+        )
+        _measure_column = self._measure_column
+
+        measurements = [
+            _measure_column(console, options.update_width(max_width), column)
+            for column in self.columns
+        ]
+        minimum_width = (
+            sum(measurement.minimum for measurement in measurements) + extra_width
+        )
+        maximum_width = (
+            sum(measurement.maximum for measurement in measurements) + extra_width
+            if (self.width is None)
+            else self.width
+        )
+        measurement = Measurement(minimum_width, maximum_width)
+        measurement = measurement.clamp(self.min_width)
+        return measurement
+
+    @property
+    def padding(self) -> Tuple[int, int, int, int]:
+        """Get cell padding."""
+        return self._padding
+
+    @padding.setter
+    def padding(self, padding: PaddingDimensions) -> "Table":
+        """Set cell padding."""
+        self._padding = Padding.unpack(padding)
+        return self
+
+    def add_column(
+        self,
+        header: "RenderableType" = "",
+        footer: "RenderableType" = "",
+        *,
+        header_style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        footer_style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        justify: "JustifyMethod" = "left",
+        vertical: "VerticalAlignMethod" = "top",
+        overflow: "OverflowMethod" = "ellipsis",
+        width: Optional[int] = None,
+        min_width: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_width: Optional[int] = None,
+        ratio: Optional[int] = None,
+        no_wrap: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Add a column to the table.
+
+        Args:
+            header (RenderableType, optional): Text or renderable for the header.
+                Defaults to "".
+            footer (RenderableType, optional): Text or renderable for the footer.
+                Defaults to "".
+            header_style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style for the header, or None for default. Defaults to None.
+            footer_style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style for the footer, or None for default. Defaults to None.
+            style (Union[str, Style], optional): Style for the column cells, or None for default. Defaults to None.
+            justify (JustifyMethod, optional): Alignment for cells. Defaults to "left".
+            vertical (VerticalAlignMethod, optional): Vertical alignment, one of "top", "middle", or "bottom". Defaults to "top".
+            overflow (OverflowMethod): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", "ellipsis". Defaults to "ellipsis".
+            width (int, optional): Desired width of column in characters, or None to fit to contents. Defaults to None.
+            min_width (Optional[int], optional): Minimum width of column, or ``None`` for no minimum. Defaults to None.
+            max_width (Optional[int], optional): Maximum width of column, or ``None`` for no maximum. Defaults to None.
+            ratio (int, optional): Flexible ratio for the column (requires ``Table.expand`` or ``Table.width``). Defaults to None.
+            no_wrap (bool, optional): Set to ``True`` to disable wrapping of this column.
+        """
+
+        column = Column(
+            _index=len(self.columns),
+            header=header,
+            footer=footer,
+            header_style=header_style or "",
+            footer_style=footer_style or "",
+            style=style or "",
+            justify=justify,
+            vertical=vertical,
+            overflow=overflow,
+            width=width,
+            min_width=min_width,
+            max_width=max_width,
+            ratio=ratio,
+            no_wrap=no_wrap,
+        )
+        self.columns.append(column)
+
+    def add_row(
+        self,
+        *renderables: Optional["RenderableType"],
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        end_section: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Add a row of renderables.
+
+        Args:
+            *renderables (None or renderable): Each cell in a row must be a renderable object (including str),
+                or ``None`` for a blank cell.
+            style (StyleType, optional): An optional style to apply to the entire row. Defaults to None.
+            end_section (bool, optional): End a section and draw a line. Defaults to False.
+
+        Raises:
+            errors.NotRenderableError: If you add something that can't be rendered.
+        """
+
+        def add_cell(column: Column, renderable: "RenderableType") -> None:
+            column._cells.append(renderable)
+
+        cell_renderables: List[Optional["RenderableType"]] = list(renderables)
+
+        columns = self.columns
+        if len(cell_renderables) < len(columns):
+            cell_renderables = [
+                *cell_renderables,
+                *[None] * (len(columns) - len(cell_renderables)),
+            ]
+        for index, renderable in enumerate(cell_renderables):
+            if index == len(columns):
+                column = Column(_index=index)
+                for _ in self.rows:
+                    add_cell(column, Text(""))
+                self.columns.append(column)
+            else:
+                column = columns[index]
+            if renderable is None:
+                add_cell(column, "")
+            elif is_renderable(renderable):
+                add_cell(column, renderable)
+            else:
+                raise errors.NotRenderableError(
+                    f"unable to render {type(renderable).__name__}; a string or other renderable object is required"
+                )
+        self.rows.append(Row(style=style, end_section=end_section))
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+
+        if not self.columns:
+            yield Segment("\n")
+            return
+
+        max_width = options.max_width
+        if self.width is not None:
+            max_width = self.width
+
+        extra_width = self._extra_width
+        widths = self._calculate_column_widths(
+            console, options.update_width(max_width - extra_width)
+        )
+        table_width = sum(widths) + extra_width
+
+        render_options = options.update(
+            width=table_width, highlight=self.highlight, height=None
+        )
+
+        def render_annotation(
+            text: TextType, style: StyleType, justify: "JustifyMethod" = "center"
+        ) -> "RenderResult":
+            render_text = (
+                console.render_str(text, style=style, highlight=False)
+                if isinstance(text, str)
+                else text
+            )
+            return console.render(
+                render_text, options=render_options.update(justify=justify)
+            )
+
+        if self.title:
+            yield from render_annotation(
+                self.title,
+                style=Style.pick_first(self.title_style, "table.title"),
+                justify=self.title_justify,
+            )
+        yield from self._render(console, render_options, widths)
+        if self.caption:
+            yield from render_annotation(
+                self.caption,
+                style=Style.pick_first(self.caption_style, "table.caption"),
+                justify=self.caption_justify,
+            )
+
+    def _calculate_column_widths(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> List[int]:
+        """Calculate the widths of each column, including padding, not including borders."""
+        max_width = options.max_width
+        columns = self.columns
+        width_ranges = [
+            self._measure_column(console, options, column) for column in columns
+        ]
+        widths = [_range.maximum or 1 for _range in width_ranges]
+        get_padding_width = self._get_padding_width
+        extra_width = self._extra_width
+        if self.expand:
+            ratios = [col.ratio or 0 for col in columns if col.flexible]
+            if any(ratios):
+                fixed_widths = [
+                    0 if column.flexible else _range.maximum
+                    for _range, column in zip(width_ranges, columns)
+                ]
+                flex_minimum = [
+                    (column.width or 1) + get_padding_width(column._index)
+                    for column in columns
+                    if column.flexible
+                ]
+                flexible_width = max_width - sum(fixed_widths)
+                flex_widths = ratio_distribute(flexible_width, ratios, flex_minimum)
+                iter_flex_widths = iter(flex_widths)
+                for index, column in enumerate(columns):
+                    if column.flexible:
+                        widths[index] = fixed_widths[index] + next(iter_flex_widths)
+        table_width = sum(widths)
+
+        if table_width > max_width:
+            widths = self._collapse_widths(
+                widths,
+                [(column.width is None and not column.no_wrap) for column in columns],
+                max_width,
+            )
+            table_width = sum(widths)
+            # last resort, reduce columns evenly
+            if table_width > max_width:
+                excess_width = table_width - max_width
+                widths = ratio_reduce(excess_width, [1] * len(widths), widths, widths)
+                table_width = sum(widths)
+
+            width_ranges = [
+                self._measure_column(console, options.update_width(width), column)
+                for width, column in zip(widths, columns)
+            ]
+            widths = [_range.maximum or 0 for _range in width_ranges]
+
+        if (table_width < max_width and self.expand) or (
+            self.min_width is not None and table_width < (self.min_width - extra_width)
+        ):
+            _max_width = (
+                max_width
+                if self.min_width is None
+                else min(self.min_width - extra_width, max_width)
+            )
+            pad_widths = ratio_distribute(_max_width - table_width, widths)
+            widths = [_width + pad for _width, pad in zip(widths, pad_widths)]
+
+        return widths
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _collapse_widths(
+        cls, widths: List[int], wrapable: List[bool], max_width: int
+    ) -> List[int]:
+        """Reduce widths so that the total is under max_width.
+
+        Args:
+            widths (List[int]): List of widths.
+            wrapable (List[bool]): List of booleans that indicate if a column may shrink.
+            max_width (int): Maximum width to reduce to.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[int]: A new list of widths.
+        """
+        total_width = sum(widths)
+        excess_width = total_width - max_width
+        if any(wrapable):
+            while total_width and excess_width > 0:
+                max_column = max(
+                    width for width, allow_wrap in zip(widths, wrapable) if allow_wrap
+                )
+                second_max_column = max(
+                    width if allow_wrap and width != max_column else 0
+                    for width, allow_wrap in zip(widths, wrapable)
+                )
+                column_difference = max_column - second_max_column
+                ratios = [
+                    (1 if (width == max_column and allow_wrap) else 0)
+                    for width, allow_wrap in zip(widths, wrapable)
+                ]
+                if not any(ratios) or not column_difference:
+                    break
+                max_reduce = [min(excess_width, column_difference)] * len(widths)
+                widths = ratio_reduce(excess_width, ratios, max_reduce, widths)
+
+                total_width = sum(widths)
+                excess_width = total_width - max_width
+        return widths
+
+    def _get_cells(
+        self, console: "Console", column_index: int, column: Column
+    ) -> Iterable[_Cell]:
+        """Get all the cells with padding and optional header."""
+
+        collapse_padding = self.collapse_padding
+        pad_edge = self.pad_edge
+        padding = self.padding
+        any_padding = any(padding)
+
+        first_column = column_index == 0
+        last_column = column_index == len(self.columns) - 1
+
+        _padding_cache: Dict[Tuple[bool, bool], Tuple[int, int, int, int]] = {}
+
+        def get_padding(first_row: bool, last_row: bool) -> Tuple[int, int, int, int]:
+            cached = _padding_cache.get((first_row, last_row))
+            if cached:
+                return cached
+            top, right, bottom, left = padding
+
+            if collapse_padding:
+                if not first_column:
+                    left = max(0, left - right)
+                if not last_row:
+                    bottom = max(0, top - bottom)
+
+            if not pad_edge:
+                if first_column:
+                    left = 0
+                if last_column:
+                    right = 0
+                if first_row:
+                    top = 0
+                if last_row:
+                    bottom = 0
+            _padding = (top, right, bottom, left)
+            _padding_cache[(first_row, last_row)] = _padding
+            return _padding
+
+        raw_cells: List[Tuple[StyleType, "RenderableType"]] = []
+        _append = raw_cells.append
+        get_style = console.get_style
+        if self.show_header:
+            header_style = get_style(self.header_style or "") + get_style(
+                column.header_style
+            )
+            _append((header_style, column.header))
+        cell_style = get_style(column.style or "")
+        for cell in column.cells:
+            _append((cell_style, cell))
+        if self.show_footer:
+            footer_style = get_style(self.footer_style or "") + get_style(
+                column.footer_style
+            )
+            _append((footer_style, column.footer))
+
+        if any_padding:
+            _Padding = Padding
+            for first, last, (style, renderable) in loop_first_last(raw_cells):
+                yield _Cell(
+                    style,
+                    _Padding(renderable, get_padding(first, last)),
+                    getattr(renderable, "vertical", None) or column.vertical,
+                )
+        else:
+            for (style, renderable) in raw_cells:
+                yield _Cell(
+                    style,
+                    renderable,
+                    getattr(renderable, "vertical", None) or column.vertical,
+                )
+
+    def _get_padding_width(self, column_index: int) -> int:
+        """Get extra width from padding."""
+        _, pad_right, _, pad_left = self.padding
+        if self.collapse_padding:
+            if column_index > 0:
+                pad_left = max(0, pad_left - pad_right)
+        return pad_left + pad_right
+
+    def _measure_column(
+        self,
+        console: "Console",
+        options: "ConsoleOptions",
+        column: Column,
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        """Get the minimum and maximum width of the column."""
+
+        max_width = options.max_width
+        if max_width < 1:
+            return Measurement(0, 0)
+
+        padding_width = self._get_padding_width(column._index)
+
+        if column.width is not None:
+            # Fixed width column
+            return Measurement(
+                column.width + padding_width, column.width + padding_width
+            ).with_maximum(max_width)
+        # Flexible column, we need to measure contents
+        min_widths: List[int] = []
+        max_widths: List[int] = []
+        append_min = min_widths.append
+        append_max = max_widths.append
+        get_render_width = Measurement.get
+        for cell in self._get_cells(console, column._index, column):
+            _min, _max = get_render_width(console, options, cell.renderable)
+            append_min(_min)
+            append_max(_max)
+
+        measurement = Measurement(
+            max(min_widths) if min_widths else 1,
+            max(max_widths) if max_widths else max_width,
+        ).with_maximum(max_width)
+        measurement = measurement.clamp(
+            None if column.min_width is None else column.min_width + padding_width,
+            None if column.max_width is None else column.max_width + padding_width,
+        )
+        return measurement
+
+    def _render(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions", widths: List[int]
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+        table_style = console.get_style(self.style or "")
+
+        border_style = table_style + console.get_style(self.border_style or "")
+        _column_cells = (
+            self._get_cells(console, column_index, column)
+            for column_index, column in enumerate(self.columns)
+        )
+        row_cells: List[Tuple[_Cell, ...]] = list(zip(*_column_cells))
+        _box = (
+            self.box.substitute(
+                options, safe=pick_bool(self.safe_box, console.safe_box)
+            )
+            if self.box
+            else None
+        )
+
+        # _box = self.box
+        new_line = Segment.line()
+
+        columns = self.columns
+        show_header = self.show_header
+        show_footer = self.show_footer
+        show_edge = self.show_edge
+        show_lines = self.show_lines
+        leading = self.leading
+
+        _Segment = Segment
+        if _box:
+            box_segments = [
+                (
+                    _Segment(_box.head_left, border_style),
+                    _Segment(_box.head_right, border_style),
+                    _Segment(_box.head_vertical, border_style),
+                ),
+                (
+                    _Segment(_box.foot_left, border_style),
+                    _Segment(_box.foot_right, border_style),
+                    _Segment(_box.foot_vertical, border_style),
+                ),
+                (
+                    _Segment(_box.mid_left, border_style),
+                    _Segment(_box.mid_right, border_style),
+                    _Segment(_box.mid_vertical, border_style),
+                ),
+            ]
+            if show_edge:
+                yield _Segment(_box.get_top(widths), border_style)
+                yield new_line
+        else:
+            box_segments = []
+
+        get_row_style = self.get_row_style
+        get_style = console.get_style
+
+        for index, (first, last, row_cell) in enumerate(loop_first_last(row_cells)):
+            header_row = first and show_header
+            footer_row = last and show_footer
+            row = (
+                self.rows[index - show_header]
+                if (not header_row and not footer_row)
+                else None
+            )
+            max_height = 1
+            cells: List[List[List[Segment]]] = []
+            if header_row or footer_row:
+                row_style = Style.null()
+            else:
+                row_style = get_style(
+                    get_row_style(console, index - 1 if show_header else index)
+                )
+            for width, cell, column in zip(widths, row_cell, columns):
+                render_options = options.update(
+                    width=width,
+                    justify=column.justify,
+                    no_wrap=column.no_wrap,
+                    overflow=column.overflow,
+                    height=None,
+                )
+                lines = console.render_lines(
+                    cell.renderable,
+                    render_options,
+                    style=get_style(cell.style) + row_style,
+                )
+                max_height = max(max_height, len(lines))
+                cells.append(lines)
+
+            row_height = max(len(cell) for cell in cells)
+
+            def align_cell(
+                cell: List[List[Segment]],
+                vertical: "VerticalAlignMethod",
+                width: int,
+                style: Style,
+            ) -> List[List[Segment]]:
+                if header_row:
+                    vertical = "bottom"
+                elif footer_row:
+                    vertical = "top"
+
+                if vertical == "top":
+                    return _Segment.align_top(cell, width, row_height, style)
+                elif vertical == "middle":
+                    return _Segment.align_middle(cell, width, row_height, style)
+                return _Segment.align_bottom(cell, width, row_height, style)
+
+            cells[:] = [
+                _Segment.set_shape(
+                    align_cell(
+                        cell,
+                        _cell.vertical,
+                        width,
+                        get_style(_cell.style) + row_style,
+                    ),
+                    width,
+                    max_height,
+                )
+                for width, _cell, cell, column in zip(widths, row_cell, cells, columns)
+            ]
+
+            if _box:
+                if last and show_footer:
+                    yield _Segment(
+                        _box.get_row(widths, "foot", edge=show_edge), border_style
+                    )
+                    yield new_line
+                left, right, _divider = box_segments[0 if first else (2 if last else 1)]
+
+                # If the column divider is whitespace also style it with the row background
+                divider = (
+                    _divider
+                    if _divider.text.strip()
+                    else _Segment(
+                        _divider.text, row_style.background_style + _divider.style
+                    )
+                )
+                for line_no in range(max_height):
+                    if show_edge:
+                        yield left
+                    for last_cell, rendered_cell in loop_last(cells):
+                        yield from rendered_cell[line_no]
+                        if not last_cell:
+                            yield divider
+                    if show_edge:
+                        yield right
+                    yield new_line
+            else:
+                for line_no in range(max_height):
+                    for rendered_cell in cells:
+                        yield from rendered_cell[line_no]
+                    yield new_line
+            if _box and first and show_header:
+                yield _Segment(
+                    _box.get_row(widths, "head", edge=show_edge), border_style
+                )
+                yield new_line
+            end_section = row and row.end_section
+            if _box and (show_lines or leading or end_section):
+                if (
+                    not last
+                    and not (show_footer and index >= len(row_cells) - 2)
+                    and not (show_header and header_row)
+                ):
+                    if leading:
+                        yield _Segment(
+                            _box.get_row(widths, "mid", edge=show_edge) * leading,
+                            border_style,
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        yield _Segment(
+                            _box.get_row(widths, "row", edge=show_edge), border_style
+                        )
+                    yield new_line
+
+        if _box and show_edge:
+            yield _Segment(_box.get_bottom(widths), border_style)
+            yield new_line
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+    from pip._vendor.rich.highlighter import ReprHighlighter
+    from pip._vendor.rich.table import Table as Table
+
+    from ._timer import timer
+
+    with timer("Table render"):
+        table = Table(
+            title="Star Wars Movies",
+            caption="Rich example table",
+            caption_justify="right",
+        )
+
+        table.add_column(
+            "Released", header_style="bright_cyan", style="cyan", no_wrap=True
+        )
+        table.add_column("Title", style="magenta")
+        table.add_column("Box Office", justify="right", style="green")
+
+        table.add_row(
+            "Dec 20, 2019",
+            "Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker",
+            "$952,110,690",
+        )
+        table.add_row("May 25, 2018", "Solo: A Star Wars Story", "$393,151,347")
+        table.add_row(
+            "Dec 15, 2017",
+            "Star Wars Ep. V111: The Last Jedi",
+            "$1,332,539,889",
+            style="on black",
+            end_section=True,
+        )
+        table.add_row(
+            "Dec 16, 2016",
+            "Rogue One: A Star Wars Story",
+            "$1,332,439,889",
+        )
+
+        def header(text: str) -> None:
+            console.print()
+            console.rule(highlight(text))
+            console.print()
+
+        console = Console()
+        highlight = ReprHighlighter()
+        header("Example Table")
+        console.print(table, justify="center")
+
+        table.expand = True
+        header("expand=True")
+        console.print(table)
+
+        table.width = 50
+        header("width=50")
+
+        console.print(table, justify="center")
+
+        table.width = None
+        table.expand = False
+        table.row_styles = ["dim", "none"]
+        header("row_styles=['dim', 'none']")
+
+        console.print(table, justify="center")
+
+        table.width = None
+        table.expand = False
+        table.row_styles = ["dim", "none"]
+        table.leading = 1
+        header("leading=1, row_styles=['dim', 'none']")
+        console.print(table, justify="center")
+
+        table.width = None
+        table.expand = False
+        table.row_styles = ["dim", "none"]
+        table.show_lines = True
+        table.leading = 0
+        header("show_lines=True, row_styles=['dim', 'none']")
+        console.print(table, justify="center")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/tabulate.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/tabulate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6889f2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/tabulate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+from typing import Any, Optional
+import warnings
+
+from pip._vendor.rich.console import JustifyMethod
+
+from . import box
+from .highlighter import ReprHighlighter
+from .pretty import Pretty
+from .table import Table
+
+
+def tabulate_mapping(
+    mapping: "Mapping[Any, Any]",
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    caption: Optional[str] = None,
+    title_justify: Optional[JustifyMethod] = None,
+    caption_justify: Optional[JustifyMethod] = None,
+) -> Table:
+    """Generate a simple table from a mapping.
+
+    Args:
+        mapping (Mapping): A mapping object (e.g. a dict);
+        title (str, optional): Optional title to be displayed over the table.
+        caption (str, optional): Optional caption to be displayed below the table.
+        title_justify (str, optional): Justify method for title. Defaults to None.
+        caption_justify (str, optional): Justify method for caption. Defaults to None.
+
+    Returns:
+        Table: A table instance which may be rendered by the Console.
+    """
+    warnings.warn("tabulate_mapping will be deprecated in Rich v11", DeprecationWarning)
+    table = Table(
+        show_header=False,
+        title=title,
+        caption=caption,
+        box=box.ROUNDED,
+        border_style="blue",
+    )
+    table.title = title
+    table.caption = caption
+    if title_justify is not None:
+        table.title_justify = title_justify
+    if caption_justify is not None:
+        table.caption_justify = caption_justify
+    highlighter = ReprHighlighter()
+    for key, value in mapping.items():
+        table.add_row(
+            Pretty(key, highlighter=highlighter), Pretty(value, highlighter=highlighter)
+        )
+    return table
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/terminal_theme.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/terminal_theme.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..801ac0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/terminal_theme.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from .color_triplet import ColorTriplet
+from .palette import Palette
+
+_ColorTuple = Tuple[int, int, int]
+
+
+class TerminalTheme:
+    """A color theme used when exporting console content.
+
+    Args:
+        background (Tuple[int, int, int]): The background color.
+        foreground (Tuple[int, int, int]): The foreground (text) color.
+        normal (List[Tuple[int, int, int]]): A list of 8 normal intensity colors.
+        bright (List[Tuple[int, int, int]], optional): A list of 8 bright colors, or None
+            to repeat normal intensity. Defaults to None.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        background: _ColorTuple,
+        foreground: _ColorTuple,
+        normal: List[_ColorTuple],
+        bright: Optional[List[_ColorTuple]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.background_color = ColorTriplet(*background)
+        self.foreground_color = ColorTriplet(*foreground)
+        self.ansi_colors = Palette(normal + (bright or normal))
+
+
+DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME = TerminalTheme(
+    (255, 255, 255),
+    (0, 0, 0),
+    [
+        (0, 0, 0),
+        (128, 0, 0),
+        (0, 128, 0),
+        (128, 128, 0),
+        (0, 0, 128),
+        (128, 0, 128),
+        (0, 128, 128),
+        (192, 192, 192),
+    ],
+    [
+        (128, 128, 128),
+        (255, 0, 0),
+        (0, 255, 0),
+        (255, 255, 0),
+        (0, 0, 255),
+        (255, 0, 255),
+        (0, 255, 255),
+        (255, 255, 255),
+    ],
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/text.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/text.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea12c09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/text.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1282 @@
+import re
+from functools import partial, reduce
+from math import gcd
+from operator import itemgetter
+from pip._vendor.rich.emoji import EmojiVariant
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from ._loop import loop_last
+from ._pick import pick_bool
+from ._wrap import divide_line
+from .align import AlignMethod
+from .cells import cell_len, set_cell_size
+from .containers import Lines
+from .control import strip_control_codes
+from .emoji import EmojiVariant
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import Style, StyleType
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
+    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, JustifyMethod, OverflowMethod
+
+DEFAULT_JUSTIFY: "JustifyMethod" = "default"
+DEFAULT_OVERFLOW: "OverflowMethod" = "fold"
+
+
+_re_whitespace = re.compile(r"\s+$")
+
+TextType = Union[str, "Text"]
+
+GetStyleCallable = Callable[[str], Optional[StyleType]]
+
+
+class Span(NamedTuple):
+    """A marked up region in some text."""
+
+    start: int
+    """Span start index."""
+    end: int
+    """Span end index."""
+    style: Union[str, Style]
+    """Style associated with the span."""
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"Span({self.start}, {self.end}, {self.style!r})"
+            if (isinstance(self.style, Style) and self.style._meta)
+            else f"Span({self.start}, {self.end}, {repr(self.style)})"
+        )
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return self.end > self.start
+
+    def split(self, offset: int) -> Tuple["Span", Optional["Span"]]:
+        """Split a span in to 2 from a given offset."""
+
+        if offset < self.start:
+            return self, None
+        if offset >= self.end:
+            return self, None
+
+        start, end, style = self
+        span1 = Span(start, min(end, offset), style)
+        span2 = Span(span1.end, end, style)
+        return span1, span2
+
+    def move(self, offset: int) -> "Span":
+        """Move start and end by a given offset.
+
+        Args:
+            offset (int): Number of characters to add to start and end.
+
+        Returns:
+            TextSpan: A new TextSpan with adjusted position.
+        """
+        start, end, style = self
+        return Span(start + offset, end + offset, style)
+
+    def right_crop(self, offset: int) -> "Span":
+        """Crop the span at the given offset.
+
+        Args:
+            offset (int): A value between start and end.
+
+        Returns:
+            Span: A new (possibly smaller) span.
+        """
+        start, end, style = self
+        if offset >= end:
+            return self
+        return Span(start, min(offset, end), style)
+
+
+class Text(JupyterMixin):
+    """Text with color / style.
+
+    Args:
+        text (str, optional): Default unstyled text. Defaults to "".
+        style (Union[str, Style], optional): Base style for text. Defaults to "".
+        justify (str, optional): Justify method: "left", "center", "full", "right". Defaults to None.
+        overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", "ellipsis". Defaults to None.
+        no_wrap (bool, optional): Disable text wrapping, or None for default. Defaults to None.
+        end (str, optional): Character to end text with. Defaults to "\\\\n".
+        tab_size (int): Number of spaces per tab, or ``None`` to use ``console.tab_size``. Defaults to 8.
+        spans (List[Span], optional). A list of predefined style spans. Defaults to None.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = [
+        "_text",
+        "style",
+        "justify",
+        "overflow",
+        "no_wrap",
+        "end",
+        "tab_size",
+        "_spans",
+        "_length",
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        text: str = "",
+        style: Union[str, Style] = "",
+        *,
+        justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = None,
+        overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = None,
+        no_wrap: Optional[bool] = None,
+        end: str = "\n",
+        tab_size: Optional[int] = 8,
+        spans: Optional[List[Span]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._text = [strip_control_codes(text)]
+        self.style = style
+        self.justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = justify
+        self.overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = overflow
+        self.no_wrap = no_wrap
+        self.end = end
+        self.tab_size = tab_size
+        self._spans: List[Span] = spans or []
+        self._length: int = len(text)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return self._length
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self._length)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.plain
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<text {self.plain!r} {self._spans!r}>"
+
+    def __add__(self, other: Any) -> "Text":
+        if isinstance(other, (str, Text)):
+            result = self.copy()
+            result.append(other)
+            return result
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, Text):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self.plain == other.plain and self._spans == other._spans
+
+    def __contains__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            return other in self.plain
+        elif isinstance(other, Text):
+            return other.plain in self.plain
+        return False
+
+    def __getitem__(self, slice: Union[int, slice]) -> "Text":
+        def get_text_at(offset: int) -> "Text":
+            _Span = Span
+            text = Text(
+                self.plain[offset],
+                spans=[
+                    _Span(0, 1, style)
+                    for start, end, style in self._spans
+                    if end > offset >= start
+                ],
+                end="",
+            )
+            return text
+
+        if isinstance(slice, int):
+            return get_text_at(slice)
+        else:
+            start, stop, step = slice.indices(len(self.plain))
+            if step == 1:
+                lines = self.divide([start, stop])
+                return lines[1]
+            else:
+                # This would be a bit of work to implement efficiently
+                # For now, its not required
+                raise TypeError("slices with step!=1 are not supported")
+
+    @property
+    def cell_len(self) -> int:
+        """Get the number of cells required to render this text."""
+        return cell_len(self.plain)
+
+    @property
+    def markup(self) -> str:
+        """Get console markup to render this Text.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A string potentially creating markup tags.
+        """
+        from .markup import escape
+
+        output: List[str] = []
+
+        plain = self.plain
+        markup_spans = [
+            (0, False, self.style),
+            *((span.start, False, span.style) for span in self._spans),
+            *((span.end, True, span.style) for span in self._spans),
+            (len(plain), True, self.style),
+        ]
+        markup_spans.sort(key=itemgetter(0, 1))
+        position = 0
+        append = output.append
+        for offset, closing, style in markup_spans:
+            if offset > position:
+                append(escape(plain[position:offset]))
+                position = offset
+            if style:
+                append(f"[/{style}]" if closing else f"[{style}]")
+        markup = "".join(output)
+        return markup
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_markup(
+        cls,
+        text: str,
+        *,
+        style: Union[str, Style] = "",
+        emoji: bool = True,
+        emoji_variant: Optional[EmojiVariant] = None,
+        justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = None,
+        overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = None,
+    ) -> "Text":
+        """Create Text instance from markup.
+
+        Args:
+            text (str): A string containing console markup.
+            emoji (bool, optional): Also render emoji code. Defaults to True.
+            justify (str, optional): Justify method: "left", "center", "full", "right". Defaults to None.
+            overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", "ellipsis". Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: A Text instance with markup rendered.
+        """
+        from .markup import render
+
+        rendered_text = render(text, style, emoji=emoji, emoji_variant=emoji_variant)
+        rendered_text.justify = justify
+        rendered_text.overflow = overflow
+        return rendered_text
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_ansi(
+        cls,
+        text: str,
+        *,
+        style: Union[str, Style] = "",
+        justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = None,
+        overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = None,
+        no_wrap: Optional[bool] = None,
+        end: str = "\n",
+        tab_size: Optional[int] = 8,
+    ) -> "Text":
+        """Create a Text object from a string containing ANSI escape codes.
+
+        Args:
+            text (str): A string containing escape codes.
+            style (Union[str, Style], optional): Base style for text. Defaults to "".
+            justify (str, optional): Justify method: "left", "center", "full", "right". Defaults to None.
+            overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", "ellipsis". Defaults to None.
+            no_wrap (bool, optional): Disable text wrapping, or None for default. Defaults to None.
+            end (str, optional): Character to end text with. Defaults to "\\\\n".
+            tab_size (int): Number of spaces per tab, or ``None`` to use ``console.tab_size``. Defaults to 8.
+        """
+        from .ansi import AnsiDecoder
+
+        joiner = Text(
+            "\n",
+            justify=justify,
+            overflow=overflow,
+            no_wrap=no_wrap,
+            end=end,
+            tab_size=tab_size,
+            style=style,
+        )
+        decoder = AnsiDecoder()
+        result = joiner.join(line for line in decoder.decode(text))
+        return result
+
+    @classmethod
+    def styled(
+        cls,
+        text: str,
+        style: StyleType = "",
+        *,
+        justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = None,
+        overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = None,
+    ) -> "Text":
+        """Construct a Text instance with a pre-applied styled. A style applied in this way won't be used
+        to pad the text when it is justified.
+
+        Args:
+            text (str): A string containing console markup.
+            style (Union[str, Style]): Style to apply to the text. Defaults to "".
+            justify (str, optional): Justify method: "left", "center", "full", "right". Defaults to None.
+            overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", "ellipsis". Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: A text instance with a style applied to the entire string.
+        """
+        styled_text = cls(text, justify=justify, overflow=overflow)
+        styled_text.stylize(style)
+        return styled_text
+
+    @classmethod
+    def assemble(
+        cls,
+        *parts: Union[str, "Text", Tuple[str, StyleType]],
+        style: Union[str, Style] = "",
+        justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = None,
+        overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = None,
+        no_wrap: Optional[bool] = None,
+        end: str = "\n",
+        tab_size: int = 8,
+        meta: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "Text":
+        """Construct a text instance by combining a sequence of strings with optional styles.
+        The positional arguments should be either strings, or a tuple of string + style.
+
+        Args:
+            style (Union[str, Style], optional): Base style for text. Defaults to "".
+            justify (str, optional): Justify method: "left", "center", "full", "right". Defaults to None.
+            overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", "ellipsis". Defaults to None.
+            end (str, optional): Character to end text with. Defaults to "\\\\n".
+            tab_size (int): Number of spaces per tab, or ``None`` to use ``console.tab_size``. Defaults to 8.
+            meta (Dict[str, Any], optional). Meta data to apply to text, or None for no meta data. Default to None
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: A new text instance.
+        """
+        text = cls(
+            style=style,
+            justify=justify,
+            overflow=overflow,
+            no_wrap=no_wrap,
+            end=end,
+            tab_size=tab_size,
+        )
+        append = text.append
+        _Text = Text
+        for part in parts:
+            if isinstance(part, (_Text, str)):
+                append(part)
+            else:
+                append(*part)
+        if meta:
+            text.apply_meta(meta)
+        return text
+
+    @property
+    def plain(self) -> str:
+        """Get the text as a single string."""
+        if len(self._text) != 1:
+            self._text[:] = ["".join(self._text)]
+        return self._text[0]
+
+    @plain.setter
+    def plain(self, new_text: str) -> None:
+        """Set the text to a new value."""
+        if new_text != self.plain:
+            self._text[:] = [new_text]
+            old_length = self._length
+            self._length = len(new_text)
+            if old_length > self._length:
+                self._trim_spans()
+
+    @property
+    def spans(self) -> List[Span]:
+        """Get a reference to the internal list of spans."""
+        return self._spans
+
+    @spans.setter
+    def spans(self, spans: List[Span]) -> None:
+        """Set spans."""
+        self._spans = spans[:]
+
+    def blank_copy(self, plain: str = "") -> "Text":
+        """Return a new Text instance with copied meta data (but not the string or spans)."""
+        copy_self = Text(
+            plain,
+            style=self.style,
+            justify=self.justify,
+            overflow=self.overflow,
+            no_wrap=self.no_wrap,
+            end=self.end,
+            tab_size=self.tab_size,
+        )
+        return copy_self
+
+    def copy(self) -> "Text":
+        """Return a copy of this instance."""
+        copy_self = Text(
+            self.plain,
+            style=self.style,
+            justify=self.justify,
+            overflow=self.overflow,
+            no_wrap=self.no_wrap,
+            end=self.end,
+            tab_size=self.tab_size,
+        )
+        copy_self._spans[:] = self._spans
+        return copy_self
+
+    def stylize(
+        self,
+        style: Union[str, Style],
+        start: int = 0,
+        end: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Apply a style to the text, or a portion of the text.
+
+        Args:
+            style (Union[str, Style]): Style instance or style definition to apply.
+            start (int): Start offset (negative indexing is supported). Defaults to 0.
+            end (Optional[int], optional): End offset (negative indexing is supported), or None for end of text. Defaults to None.
+
+        """
+        if style:
+            length = len(self)
+            if start < 0:
+                start = length + start
+            if end is None:
+                end = length
+            if end < 0:
+                end = length + end
+            if start >= length or end <= start:
+                # Span not in text or not valid
+                return
+            self._spans.append(Span(start, min(length, end), style))
+
+    def apply_meta(
+        self, meta: Dict[str, Any], start: int = 0, end: Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Apply meta data to the text, or a portion of the text.
+
+        Args:
+            meta (Dict[str, Any]): A dict of meta information.
+            start (int): Start offset (negative indexing is supported). Defaults to 0.
+            end (Optional[int], optional): End offset (negative indexing is supported), or None for end of text. Defaults to None.
+
+        """
+        style = Style.from_meta(meta)
+        self.stylize(style, start=start, end=end)
+
+    def on(self, meta: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None, **handlers: Any) -> "Text":
+        """Apply event handlers (used by Textual project).
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from rich.text import Text
+            >>> text = Text("hello world")
+            >>> text.on(click="view.toggle('world')")
+
+        Args:
+            meta (Dict[str, Any]): Mapping of meta information.
+            **handlers: Keyword args are prefixed with "@" to defined handlers.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: Self is returned to method may be chained.
+        """
+        meta = {} if meta is None else meta
+        meta.update({f"@{key}": value for key, value in handlers.items()})
+        self.stylize(Style.from_meta(meta))
+        return self
+
+    def remove_suffix(self, suffix: str) -> None:
+        """Remove a suffix if it exists.
+
+        Args:
+            suffix (str): Suffix to remove.
+        """
+        if self.plain.endswith(suffix):
+            self.right_crop(len(suffix))
+
+    def get_style_at_offset(self, console: "Console", offset: int) -> Style:
+        """Get the style of a character at give offset.
+
+        Args:
+            console (~Console): Console where text will be rendered.
+            offset (int): Offset in to text (negative indexing supported)
+
+        Returns:
+            Style: A Style instance.
+        """
+        # TODO: This is a little inefficient, it is only used by full justify
+        if offset < 0:
+            offset = len(self) + offset
+        get_style = console.get_style
+        style = get_style(self.style).copy()
+        for start, end, span_style in self._spans:
+            if end > offset >= start:
+                style += get_style(span_style, default="")
+        return style
+
+    def highlight_regex(
+        self,
+        re_highlight: str,
+        style: Optional[Union[GetStyleCallable, StyleType]] = None,
+        *,
+        style_prefix: str = "",
+    ) -> int:
+        """Highlight text with a regular expression, where group names are
+        translated to styles.
+
+        Args:
+            re_highlight (str): A regular expression.
+            style (Union[GetStyleCallable, StyleType]): Optional style to apply to whole match, or a callable
+                which accepts the matched text and returns a style. Defaults to None.
+            style_prefix (str, optional): Optional prefix to add to style group names.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: Number of regex matches
+        """
+        count = 0
+        append_span = self._spans.append
+        _Span = Span
+        plain = self.plain
+        for match in re.finditer(re_highlight, plain):
+            get_span = match.span
+            if style:
+                start, end = get_span()
+                match_style = style(plain[start:end]) if callable(style) else style
+                if match_style is not None and end > start:
+                    append_span(_Span(start, end, match_style))
+
+            count += 1
+            for name in match.groupdict().keys():
+                start, end = get_span(name)
+                if start != -1 and end > start:
+                    append_span(_Span(start, end, f"{style_prefix}{name}"))
+        return count
+
+    def highlight_words(
+        self,
+        words: Iterable[str],
+        style: Union[str, Style],
+        *,
+        case_sensitive: bool = True,
+    ) -> int:
+        """Highlight words with a style.
+
+        Args:
+            words (Iterable[str]): Worlds to highlight.
+            style (Union[str, Style]): Style to apply.
+            case_sensitive (bool, optional): Enable case sensitive matchings. Defaults to True.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: Number of words highlighted.
+        """
+        re_words = "|".join(re.escape(word) for word in words)
+        add_span = self._spans.append
+        count = 0
+        _Span = Span
+        for match in re.finditer(
+            re_words, self.plain, flags=0 if case_sensitive else re.IGNORECASE
+        ):
+            start, end = match.span(0)
+            add_span(_Span(start, end, style))
+            count += 1
+        return count
+
+    def rstrip(self) -> None:
+        """Strip whitespace from end of text."""
+        self.plain = self.plain.rstrip()
+
+    def rstrip_end(self, size: int) -> None:
+        """Remove whitespace beyond a certain width at the end of the text.
+
+        Args:
+            size (int): The desired size of the text.
+        """
+        text_length = len(self)
+        if text_length > size:
+            excess = text_length - size
+            whitespace_match = _re_whitespace.search(self.plain)
+            if whitespace_match is not None:
+                whitespace_count = len(whitespace_match.group(0))
+                self.right_crop(min(whitespace_count, excess))
+
+    def set_length(self, new_length: int) -> None:
+        """Set new length of the text, clipping or padding is required."""
+        length = len(self)
+        if length != new_length:
+            if length < new_length:
+                self.pad_right(new_length - length)
+            else:
+                self.right_crop(length - new_length)
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> Iterable[Segment]:
+        tab_size: int = console.tab_size or self.tab_size or 8
+        justify = self.justify or options.justify or DEFAULT_JUSTIFY
+
+        overflow = self.overflow or options.overflow or DEFAULT_OVERFLOW
+
+        lines = self.wrap(
+            console,
+            options.max_width,
+            justify=justify,
+            overflow=overflow,
+            tab_size=tab_size or 8,
+            no_wrap=pick_bool(self.no_wrap, options.no_wrap, False),
+        )
+        all_lines = Text("\n").join(lines)
+        yield from all_lines.render(console, end=self.end)
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> Measurement:
+        text = self.plain
+        lines = text.splitlines()
+        max_text_width = max(cell_len(line) for line in lines) if lines else 0
+        words = text.split()
+        min_text_width = (
+            max(cell_len(word) for word in words) if words else max_text_width
+        )
+        return Measurement(min_text_width, max_text_width)
+
+    def render(self, console: "Console", end: str = "") -> Iterable["Segment"]:
+        """Render the text as Segments.
+
+        Args:
+            console (Console): Console instance.
+            end (Optional[str], optional): Optional end character.
+
+        Returns:
+            Iterable[Segment]: Result of render that may be written to the console.
+        """
+        _Segment = Segment
+        text = self.plain
+        if not self._spans:
+            yield Segment(text)
+            if end:
+                yield _Segment(end)
+            return
+        get_style = partial(console.get_style, default=Style.null())
+
+        enumerated_spans = list(enumerate(self._spans, 1))
+        style_map = {index: get_style(span.style) for index, span in enumerated_spans}
+        style_map[0] = get_style(self.style)
+
+        spans = [
+            (0, False, 0),
+            *((span.start, False, index) for index, span in enumerated_spans),
+            *((span.end, True, index) for index, span in enumerated_spans),
+            (len(text), True, 0),
+        ]
+        spans.sort(key=itemgetter(0, 1))
+
+        stack: List[int] = []
+        stack_append = stack.append
+        stack_pop = stack.remove
+
+        style_cache: Dict[Tuple[Style, ...], Style] = {}
+        style_cache_get = style_cache.get
+        combine = Style.combine
+
+        def get_current_style() -> Style:
+            """Construct current style from stack."""
+            styles = tuple(style_map[_style_id] for _style_id in sorted(stack))
+            cached_style = style_cache_get(styles)
+            if cached_style is not None:
+                return cached_style
+            current_style = combine(styles)
+            style_cache[styles] = current_style
+            return current_style
+
+        for (offset, leaving, style_id), (next_offset, _, _) in zip(spans, spans[1:]):
+            if leaving:
+                stack_pop(style_id)
+            else:
+                stack_append(style_id)
+            if next_offset > offset:
+                yield _Segment(text[offset:next_offset], get_current_style())
+        if end:
+            yield _Segment(end)
+
+    def join(self, lines: Iterable["Text"]) -> "Text":
+        """Join text together with this instance as the separator.
+
+        Args:
+            lines (Iterable[Text]): An iterable of Text instances to join.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: A new text instance containing join text.
+        """
+
+        new_text = self.blank_copy()
+
+        def iter_text() -> Iterable["Text"]:
+            if self.plain:
+                for last, line in loop_last(lines):
+                    yield line
+                    if not last:
+                        yield self
+            else:
+                yield from lines
+
+        extend_text = new_text._text.extend
+        append_span = new_text._spans.append
+        extend_spans = new_text._spans.extend
+        offset = 0
+        _Span = Span
+
+        for text in iter_text():
+            extend_text(text._text)
+            if text.style:
+                append_span(_Span(offset, offset + len(text), text.style))
+            extend_spans(
+                _Span(offset + start, offset + end, style)
+                for start, end, style in text._spans
+            )
+            offset += len(text)
+        new_text._length = offset
+        return new_text
+
+    def expand_tabs(self, tab_size: Optional[int] = None) -> None:
+        """Converts tabs to spaces.
+
+        Args:
+            tab_size (int, optional): Size of tabs. Defaults to 8.
+
+        """
+        if "\t" not in self.plain:
+            return
+        pos = 0
+        if tab_size is None:
+            tab_size = self.tab_size
+        assert tab_size is not None
+        result = self.blank_copy()
+        append = result.append
+
+        _style = self.style
+        for line in self.split("\n", include_separator=True):
+            parts = line.split("\t", include_separator=True)
+            for part in parts:
+                if part.plain.endswith("\t"):
+                    part._text = [part.plain[:-1] + " "]
+                    append(part)
+                    pos += len(part)
+                    spaces = tab_size - ((pos - 1) % tab_size) - 1
+                    if spaces:
+                        append(" " * spaces, _style)
+                        pos += spaces
+                else:
+                    append(part)
+        self._text = [result.plain]
+        self._length = len(self.plain)
+        self._spans[:] = result._spans
+
+    def truncate(
+        self,
+        max_width: int,
+        *,
+        overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = None,
+        pad: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Truncate text if it is longer that a given width.
+
+        Args:
+            max_width (int): Maximum number of characters in text.
+            overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", or "ellipsis". Defaults to None, to use self.overflow.
+            pad (bool, optional): Pad with spaces if the length is less than max_width. Defaults to False.
+        """
+        _overflow = overflow or self.overflow or DEFAULT_OVERFLOW
+        if _overflow != "ignore":
+            length = cell_len(self.plain)
+            if length > max_width:
+                if _overflow == "ellipsis":
+                    self.plain = set_cell_size(self.plain, max_width - 1) + "…"
+                else:
+                    self.plain = set_cell_size(self.plain, max_width)
+            if pad and length < max_width:
+                spaces = max_width - length
+                self._text = [f"{self.plain}{' ' * spaces}"]
+                self._length = len(self.plain)
+
+    def _trim_spans(self) -> None:
+        """Remove or modify any spans that are over the end of the text."""
+        max_offset = len(self.plain)
+        _Span = Span
+        self._spans[:] = [
+            (
+                span
+                if span.end < max_offset
+                else _Span(span.start, min(max_offset, span.end), span.style)
+            )
+            for span in self._spans
+            if span.start < max_offset
+        ]
+
+    def pad(self, count: int, character: str = " ") -> None:
+        """Pad left and right with a given number of characters.
+
+        Args:
+            count (int): Width of padding.
+        """
+        assert len(character) == 1, "Character must be a string of length 1"
+        if count:
+            pad_characters = character * count
+            self.plain = f"{pad_characters}{self.plain}{pad_characters}"
+            _Span = Span
+            self._spans[:] = [
+                _Span(start + count, end + count, style)
+                for start, end, style in self._spans
+            ]
+
+    def pad_left(self, count: int, character: str = " ") -> None:
+        """Pad the left with a given character.
+
+        Args:
+            count (int): Number of characters to pad.
+            character (str, optional): Character to pad with. Defaults to " ".
+        """
+        assert len(character) == 1, "Character must be a string of length 1"
+        if count:
+            self.plain = f"{character * count}{self.plain}"
+            _Span = Span
+            self._spans[:] = [
+                _Span(start + count, end + count, style)
+                for start, end, style in self._spans
+            ]
+
+    def pad_right(self, count: int, character: str = " ") -> None:
+        """Pad the right with a given character.
+
+        Args:
+            count (int): Number of characters to pad.
+            character (str, optional): Character to pad with. Defaults to " ".
+        """
+        assert len(character) == 1, "Character must be a string of length 1"
+        if count:
+            self.plain = f"{self.plain}{character * count}"
+
+    def align(self, align: AlignMethod, width: int, character: str = " ") -> None:
+        """Align text to a given width.
+
+        Args:
+            align (AlignMethod): One of "left", "center", or "right".
+            width (int): Desired width.
+            character (str, optional): Character to pad with. Defaults to " ".
+        """
+        self.truncate(width)
+        excess_space = width - cell_len(self.plain)
+        if excess_space:
+            if align == "left":
+                self.pad_right(excess_space, character)
+            elif align == "center":
+                left = excess_space // 2
+                self.pad_left(left, character)
+                self.pad_right(excess_space - left, character)
+            else:
+                self.pad_left(excess_space, character)
+
+    def append(
+        self, text: Union["Text", str], style: Optional[Union[str, "Style"]] = None
+    ) -> "Text":
+        """Add text with an optional style.
+
+        Args:
+            text (Union[Text, str]): A str or Text to append.
+            style (str, optional): A style name. Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: Returns self for chaining.
+        """
+
+        if not isinstance(text, (str, Text)):
+            raise TypeError("Only str or Text can be appended to Text")
+
+        if len(text):
+            if isinstance(text, str):
+                text = strip_control_codes(text)
+                self._text.append(text)
+                offset = len(self)
+                text_length = len(text)
+                if style is not None:
+                    self._spans.append(Span(offset, offset + text_length, style))
+                self._length += text_length
+            elif isinstance(text, Text):
+                _Span = Span
+                if style is not None:
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "style must not be set when appending Text instance"
+                    )
+                text_length = self._length
+                if text.style is not None:
+                    self._spans.append(
+                        _Span(text_length, text_length + len(text), text.style)
+                    )
+                self._text.append(text.plain)
+                self._spans.extend(
+                    _Span(start + text_length, end + text_length, style)
+                    for start, end, style in text._spans
+                )
+                self._length += len(text)
+        return self
+
+    def append_text(self, text: "Text") -> "Text":
+        """Append another Text instance. This method is more performant that Text.append, but
+        only works for Text.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: Returns self for chaining.
+        """
+        _Span = Span
+        text_length = self._length
+        if text.style is not None:
+            self._spans.append(_Span(text_length, text_length + len(text), text.style))
+        self._text.append(text.plain)
+        self._spans.extend(
+            _Span(start + text_length, end + text_length, style)
+            for start, end, style in text._spans
+        )
+        self._length += len(text)
+        return self
+
+    def append_tokens(
+        self, tokens: Iterable[Tuple[str, Optional[StyleType]]]
+    ) -> "Text":
+        """Append iterable of str and style. Style may be a Style instance or a str style definition.
+
+        Args:
+            pairs (Iterable[Tuple[str, Optional[StyleType]]]): An iterable of tuples containing str content and style.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: Returns self for chaining.
+        """
+        append_text = self._text.append
+        append_span = self._spans.append
+        _Span = Span
+        offset = len(self)
+        for content, style in tokens:
+            append_text(content)
+            if style is not None:
+                append_span(_Span(offset, offset + len(content), style))
+            offset += len(content)
+        self._length = offset
+        return self
+
+    def copy_styles(self, text: "Text") -> None:
+        """Copy styles from another Text instance.
+
+        Args:
+            text (Text): A Text instance to copy styles from, must be the same length.
+        """
+        self._spans.extend(text._spans)
+
+    def split(
+        self,
+        separator: str = "\n",
+        *,
+        include_separator: bool = False,
+        allow_blank: bool = False,
+    ) -> Lines:
+        """Split rich text in to lines, preserving styles.
+
+        Args:
+            separator (str, optional): String to split on. Defaults to "\\\\n".
+            include_separator (bool, optional): Include the separator in the lines. Defaults to False.
+            allow_blank (bool, optional): Return a blank line if the text ends with a separator. Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[RichText]: A list of rich text, one per line of the original.
+        """
+        assert separator, "separator must not be empty"
+
+        text = self.plain
+        if separator not in text:
+            return Lines([self.copy()])
+
+        if include_separator:
+            lines = self.divide(
+                match.end() for match in re.finditer(re.escape(separator), text)
+            )
+        else:
+
+            def flatten_spans() -> Iterable[int]:
+                for match in re.finditer(re.escape(separator), text):
+                    start, end = match.span()
+                    yield start
+                    yield end
+
+            lines = Lines(
+                line for line in self.divide(flatten_spans()) if line.plain != separator
+            )
+
+        if not allow_blank and text.endswith(separator):
+            lines.pop()
+
+        return lines
+
+    def divide(self, offsets: Iterable[int]) -> Lines:
+        """Divide text in to a number of lines at given offsets.
+
+        Args:
+            offsets (Iterable[int]): Offsets used to divide text.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lines: New RichText instances between offsets.
+        """
+        _offsets = list(offsets)
+
+        if not _offsets:
+            return Lines([self.copy()])
+
+        text = self.plain
+        text_length = len(text)
+        divide_offsets = [0, *_offsets, text_length]
+        line_ranges = list(zip(divide_offsets, divide_offsets[1:]))
+
+        style = self.style
+        justify = self.justify
+        overflow = self.overflow
+        _Text = Text
+        new_lines = Lines(
+            _Text(
+                text[start:end],
+                style=style,
+                justify=justify,
+                overflow=overflow,
+            )
+            for start, end in line_ranges
+        )
+        if not self._spans:
+            return new_lines
+
+        _line_appends = [line._spans.append for line in new_lines._lines]
+        line_count = len(line_ranges)
+        _Span = Span
+
+        for span_start, span_end, style in self._spans:
+
+            lower_bound = 0
+            upper_bound = line_count
+            start_line_no = (lower_bound + upper_bound) // 2
+
+            while True:
+                line_start, line_end = line_ranges[start_line_no]
+                if span_start < line_start:
+                    upper_bound = start_line_no - 1
+                elif span_start > line_end:
+                    lower_bound = start_line_no + 1
+                else:
+                    break
+                start_line_no = (lower_bound + upper_bound) // 2
+
+            if span_end < line_end:
+                end_line_no = start_line_no
+            else:
+                end_line_no = lower_bound = start_line_no
+                upper_bound = line_count
+
+                while True:
+                    line_start, line_end = line_ranges[end_line_no]
+                    if span_end < line_start:
+                        upper_bound = end_line_no - 1
+                    elif span_end > line_end:
+                        lower_bound = end_line_no + 1
+                    else:
+                        break
+                    end_line_no = (lower_bound + upper_bound) // 2
+
+            for line_no in range(start_line_no, end_line_no + 1):
+                line_start, line_end = line_ranges[line_no]
+                new_start = max(0, span_start - line_start)
+                new_end = min(span_end - line_start, line_end - line_start)
+                if new_end > new_start:
+                    _line_appends[line_no](_Span(new_start, new_end, style))
+
+        return new_lines
+
+    def right_crop(self, amount: int = 1) -> None:
+        """Remove a number of characters from the end of the text."""
+        max_offset = len(self.plain) - amount
+        _Span = Span
+        self._spans[:] = [
+            (
+                span
+                if span.end < max_offset
+                else _Span(span.start, min(max_offset, span.end), span.style)
+            )
+            for span in self._spans
+            if span.start < max_offset
+        ]
+        self._text = [self.plain[:-amount]]
+        self._length -= amount
+
+    def wrap(
+        self,
+        console: "Console",
+        width: int,
+        *,
+        justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = None,
+        overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = None,
+        tab_size: int = 8,
+        no_wrap: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> Lines:
+        """Word wrap the text.
+
+        Args:
+            console (Console): Console instance.
+            width (int): Number of characters per line.
+            emoji (bool, optional): Also render emoji code. Defaults to True.
+            justify (str, optional): Justify method: "default", "left", "center", "full", "right". Defaults to "default".
+            overflow (str, optional): Overflow method: "crop", "fold", or "ellipsis". Defaults to None.
+            tab_size (int, optional): Default tab size. Defaults to 8.
+            no_wrap (bool, optional): Disable wrapping, Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lines: Number of lines.
+        """
+        wrap_justify = justify or self.justify or DEFAULT_JUSTIFY
+        wrap_overflow = overflow or self.overflow or DEFAULT_OVERFLOW
+
+        no_wrap = pick_bool(no_wrap, self.no_wrap, False) or overflow == "ignore"
+
+        lines = Lines()
+        for line in self.split(allow_blank=True):
+            if "\t" in line:
+                line.expand_tabs(tab_size)
+            if no_wrap:
+                new_lines = Lines([line])
+            else:
+                offsets = divide_line(str(line), width, fold=wrap_overflow == "fold")
+                new_lines = line.divide(offsets)
+            for line in new_lines:
+                line.rstrip_end(width)
+            if wrap_justify:
+                new_lines.justify(
+                    console, width, justify=wrap_justify, overflow=wrap_overflow
+                )
+            for line in new_lines:
+                line.truncate(width, overflow=wrap_overflow)
+            lines.extend(new_lines)
+        return lines
+
+    def fit(self, width: int) -> Lines:
+        """Fit the text in to given width by chopping in to lines.
+
+        Args:
+            width (int): Maximum characters in a line.
+
+        Returns:
+            Lines: List of lines.
+        """
+        lines: Lines = Lines()
+        append = lines.append
+        for line in self.split():
+            line.set_length(width)
+            append(line)
+        return lines
+
+    def detect_indentation(self) -> int:
+        """Auto-detect indentation of code.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: Number of spaces used to indent code.
+        """
+
+        _indentations = {
+            len(match.group(1))
+            for match in re.finditer(r"^( *)(.*)$", self.plain, flags=re.MULTILINE)
+        }
+
+        try:
+            indentation = (
+                reduce(gcd, [indent for indent in _indentations if not indent % 2]) or 1
+            )
+        except TypeError:
+            indentation = 1
+
+        return indentation
+
+    def with_indent_guides(
+        self,
+        indent_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        *,
+        character: str = "│",
+        style: StyleType = "dim green",
+    ) -> "Text":
+        """Adds indent guide lines to text.
+
+        Args:
+            indent_size (Optional[int]): Size of indentation, or None to auto detect. Defaults to None.
+            character (str, optional): Character to use for indentation. Defaults to "│".
+            style (Union[Style, str], optional): Style of indent guides.
+
+        Returns:
+            Text: New text with indentation guides.
+        """
+
+        _indent_size = self.detect_indentation() if indent_size is None else indent_size
+
+        text = self.copy()
+        text.expand_tabs()
+        indent_line = f"{character}{' ' * (_indent_size - 1)}"
+
+        re_indent = re.compile(r"^( *)(.*)$")
+        new_lines: List[Text] = []
+        add_line = new_lines.append
+        blank_lines = 0
+        for line in text.split(allow_blank=True):
+            match = re_indent.match(line.plain)
+            if not match or not match.group(2):
+                blank_lines += 1
+                continue
+            indent = match.group(1)
+            full_indents, remaining_space = divmod(len(indent), _indent_size)
+            new_indent = f"{indent_line * full_indents}{' ' * remaining_space}"
+            line.plain = new_indent + line.plain[len(new_indent) :]
+            line.stylize(style, 0, len(new_indent))
+            if blank_lines:
+                new_lines.extend([Text(new_indent, style=style)] * blank_lines)
+                blank_lines = 0
+            add_line(line)
+        if blank_lines:
+            new_lines.extend([Text("", style=style)] * blank_lines)
+
+        new_text = text.blank_copy("\n").join(new_lines)
+        return new_text
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console
+
+    text = Text(
+        """\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.\n"""
+    )
+    text.highlight_words(["Lorem"], "bold")
+    text.highlight_words(["ipsum"], "italic")
+
+    console = Console()
+
+    console.rule("justify='left'")
+    console.print(text, style="red")
+    console.print()
+
+    console.rule("justify='center'")
+    console.print(text, style="green", justify="center")
+    console.print()
+
+    console.rule("justify='right'")
+    console.print(text, style="blue", justify="right")
+    console.print()
+
+    console.rule("justify='full'")
+    console.print(text, style="magenta", justify="full")
+    console.print()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/theme.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/theme.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfb3c7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/theme.py
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import configparser
+from typing import Dict, List, IO, Mapping, Optional
+
+from .default_styles import DEFAULT_STYLES
+from .style import Style, StyleType
+
+
+class Theme:
+    """A container for style information, used by :class:`~rich.console.Console`.
+
+    Args:
+        styles (Dict[str, Style], optional): A mapping of style names on to styles. Defaults to None for a theme with no styles.
+        inherit (bool, optional): Inherit default styles. Defaults to True.
+    """
+
+    styles: Dict[str, Style]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, styles: Optional[Mapping[str, StyleType]] = None, inherit: bool = True
+    ):
+        self.styles = DEFAULT_STYLES.copy() if inherit else {}
+        if styles is not None:
+            self.styles.update(
+                {
+                    name: style if isinstance(style, Style) else Style.parse(style)
+                    for name, style in styles.items()
+                }
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def config(self) -> str:
+        """Get contents of a config file for this theme."""
+        config = "[styles]\n" + "\n".join(
+            f"{name} = {style}" for name, style in sorted(self.styles.items())
+        )
+        return config
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_file(
+        cls, config_file: IO[str], source: Optional[str] = None, inherit: bool = True
+    ) -> "Theme":
+        """Load a theme from a text mode file.
+
+        Args:
+            config_file (IO[str]): An open conf file.
+            source (str, optional): The filename of the open file. Defaults to None.
+            inherit (bool, optional): Inherit default styles. Defaults to True.
+
+        Returns:
+            Theme: A New theme instance.
+        """
+        config = configparser.ConfigParser()
+        config.read_file(config_file, source=source)
+        styles = {name: Style.parse(value) for name, value in config.items("styles")}
+        theme = Theme(styles, inherit=inherit)
+        return theme
+
+    @classmethod
+    def read(cls, path: str, inherit: bool = True) -> "Theme":
+        """Read a theme from a path.
+
+        Args:
+            path (str): Path to a config file readable by Python configparser module.
+            inherit (bool, optional): Inherit default styles. Defaults to True.
+
+        Returns:
+            Theme: A new theme instance.
+        """
+        with open(path, "rt") as config_file:
+            return cls.from_file(config_file, source=path, inherit=inherit)
+
+
+class ThemeStackError(Exception):
+    """Base exception for errors related to the theme stack."""
+
+
+class ThemeStack:
+    """A stack of themes.
+
+    Args:
+        theme (Theme): A theme instance
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, theme: Theme) -> None:
+        self._entries: List[Dict[str, Style]] = [theme.styles]
+        self.get = self._entries[-1].get
+
+    def push_theme(self, theme: Theme, inherit: bool = True) -> None:
+        """Push a theme on the top of the stack.
+
+        Args:
+            theme (Theme): A Theme instance.
+            inherit (boolean, optional): Inherit styles from current top of stack.
+        """
+        styles: Dict[str, Style]
+        styles = (
+            {**self._entries[-1], **theme.styles} if inherit else theme.styles.copy()
+        )
+        self._entries.append(styles)
+        self.get = self._entries[-1].get
+
+    def pop_theme(self) -> None:
+        """Pop (and discard) the top-most theme."""
+        if len(self._entries) == 1:
+            raise ThemeStackError("Unable to pop base theme")
+        self._entries.pop()
+        self.get = self._entries[-1].get
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    theme = Theme()
+    print(theme.config)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/themes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/themes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf6db10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/themes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from .default_styles import DEFAULT_STYLES
+from .theme import Theme
+
+
+DEFAULT = Theme(DEFAULT_STYLES)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/traceback.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/traceback.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66a39eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/traceback.py
@@ -0,0 +1,678 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import os
+import platform
+import sys
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from traceback import walk_tb
+from types import ModuleType, TracebackType
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Sequence, Type, Union
+
+from pip._vendor.pygments.lexers import guess_lexer_for_filename
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Comment, Keyword, Name, Number, Operator, String
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Text as TextToken
+from pip._vendor.pygments.token import Token
+
+from . import pretty
+from ._loop import loop_first, loop_last
+from .columns import Columns
+from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, ConsoleRenderable, RenderResult, group
+from .constrain import Constrain
+from .highlighter import RegexHighlighter, ReprHighlighter
+from .panel import Panel
+from .scope import render_scope
+from .style import Style
+from .syntax import Syntax
+from .text import Text
+from .theme import Theme
+
+WINDOWS = platform.system() == "Windows"
+
+LOCALS_MAX_LENGTH = 10
+LOCALS_MAX_STRING = 80
+
+
+def install(
+    *,
+    console: Optional[Console] = None,
+    width: Optional[int] = 100,
+    extra_lines: int = 3,
+    theme: Optional[str] = None,
+    word_wrap: bool = False,
+    show_locals: bool = False,
+    indent_guides: bool = True,
+    suppress: Iterable[Union[str, ModuleType]] = (),
+    max_frames: int = 100,
+) -> Callable[[Type[BaseException], BaseException, Optional[TracebackType]], Any]:
+    """Install a rich traceback handler.
+
+    Once installed, any tracebacks will be printed with syntax highlighting and rich formatting.
+
+
+    Args:
+        console (Optional[Console], optional): Console to write exception to. Default uses internal Console instance.
+        width (Optional[int], optional): Width (in characters) of traceback. Defaults to 100.
+        extra_lines (int, optional): Extra lines of code. Defaults to 3.
+        theme (Optional[str], optional): Pygments theme to use in traceback. Defaults to ``None`` which will pick
+            a theme appropriate for the platform.
+        word_wrap (bool, optional): Enable word wrapping of long lines. Defaults to False.
+        show_locals (bool, optional): Enable display of local variables. Defaults to False.
+        indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indent guides in code and locals. Defaults to True.
+        suppress (Sequence[Union[str, ModuleType]]): Optional sequence of modules or paths to exclude from traceback.
+
+    Returns:
+        Callable: The previous exception handler that was replaced.
+
+    """
+    traceback_console = Console(file=sys.stderr) if console is None else console
+
+    def excepthook(
+        type_: Type[BaseException],
+        value: BaseException,
+        traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        traceback_console.print(
+            Traceback.from_exception(
+                type_,
+                value,
+                traceback,
+                width=width,
+                extra_lines=extra_lines,
+                theme=theme,
+                word_wrap=word_wrap,
+                show_locals=show_locals,
+                indent_guides=indent_guides,
+                suppress=suppress,
+                max_frames=max_frames,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def ipy_excepthook_closure(ip: Any) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        tb_data = {}  # store information about showtraceback call
+        default_showtraceback = ip.showtraceback  # keep reference of default traceback
+
+        def ipy_show_traceback(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+            """wrap the default ip.showtraceback to store info for ip._showtraceback"""
+            nonlocal tb_data
+            tb_data = kwargs
+            default_showtraceback(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        def ipy_display_traceback(
+            *args: Any, is_syntax: bool = False, **kwargs: Any
+        ) -> None:
+            """Internally called traceback from ip._showtraceback"""
+            nonlocal tb_data
+            exc_tuple = ip._get_exc_info()
+
+            # do not display trace on syntax error
+            tb: Optional[TracebackType] = None if is_syntax else exc_tuple[2]
+
+            # determine correct tb_offset
+            compiled = tb_data.get("running_compiled_code", False)
+            tb_offset = tb_data.get("tb_offset", 1 if compiled else 0)
+            # remove ipython internal frames from trace with tb_offset
+            for _ in range(tb_offset):
+                if tb is None:
+                    break
+                tb = tb.tb_next
+
+            excepthook(exc_tuple[0], exc_tuple[1], tb)
+            tb_data = {}  # clear data upon usage
+
+        # replace _showtraceback instead of showtraceback to allow ipython features such as debugging to work
+        # this is also what the ipython docs recommends to modify when subclassing InteractiveShell
+        ip._showtraceback = ipy_display_traceback
+        # add wrapper to capture tb_data
+        ip.showtraceback = ipy_show_traceback
+        ip.showsyntaxerror = lambda *args, **kwargs: ipy_display_traceback(
+            *args, is_syntax=True, **kwargs
+        )
+
+    try:  # pragma: no cover
+        # if within ipython, use customized traceback
+        ip = get_ipython()  # type: ignore
+        ipy_excepthook_closure(ip)
+        return sys.excepthook
+    except Exception:
+        # otherwise use default system hook
+        old_excepthook = sys.excepthook
+        sys.excepthook = excepthook
+        return old_excepthook
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Frame:
+    filename: str
+    lineno: int
+    name: str
+    line: str = ""
+    locals: Optional[Dict[str, pretty.Node]] = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class _SyntaxError:
+    offset: int
+    filename: str
+    line: str
+    lineno: int
+    msg: str
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Stack:
+    exc_type: str
+    exc_value: str
+    syntax_error: Optional[_SyntaxError] = None
+    is_cause: bool = False
+    frames: List[Frame] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Trace:
+    stacks: List[Stack]
+
+
+class PathHighlighter(RegexHighlighter):
+    highlights = [r"(?P<dim>.*/)(?P<bold>.+)"]
+
+
+class Traceback:
+    """A Console renderable that renders a traceback.
+
+    Args:
+        trace (Trace, optional): A `Trace` object produced from `extract`. Defaults to None, which uses
+            the last exception.
+        width (Optional[int], optional): Number of characters used to traceback. Defaults to 100.
+        extra_lines (int, optional): Additional lines of code to render. Defaults to 3.
+        theme (str, optional): Override pygments theme used in traceback.
+        word_wrap (bool, optional): Enable word wrapping of long lines. Defaults to False.
+        show_locals (bool, optional): Enable display of local variables. Defaults to False.
+        indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indent guides in code and locals. Defaults to True.
+        locals_max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+            Defaults to 10.
+        locals_max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to 80.
+        suppress (Sequence[Union[str, ModuleType]]): Optional sequence of modules or paths to exclude from traceback.
+        max_frames (int): Maximum number of frames to show in a traceback, 0 for no maximum. Defaults to 100.
+
+    """
+
+    LEXERS = {
+        "": "text",
+        ".py": "python",
+        ".pxd": "cython",
+        ".pyx": "cython",
+        ".pxi": "pyrex",
+    }
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        trace: Optional[Trace] = None,
+        width: Optional[int] = 100,
+        extra_lines: int = 3,
+        theme: Optional[str] = None,
+        word_wrap: bool = False,
+        show_locals: bool = False,
+        indent_guides: bool = True,
+        locals_max_length: int = LOCALS_MAX_LENGTH,
+        locals_max_string: int = LOCALS_MAX_STRING,
+        suppress: Iterable[Union[str, ModuleType]] = (),
+        max_frames: int = 100,
+    ):
+        if trace is None:
+            exc_type, exc_value, traceback = sys.exc_info()
+            if exc_type is None or exc_value is None or traceback is None:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Value for 'trace' required if not called in except: block"
+                )
+            trace = self.extract(
+                exc_type, exc_value, traceback, show_locals=show_locals
+            )
+        self.trace = trace
+        self.width = width
+        self.extra_lines = extra_lines
+        self.theme = Syntax.get_theme(theme or "ansi_dark")
+        self.word_wrap = word_wrap
+        self.show_locals = show_locals
+        self.indent_guides = indent_guides
+        self.locals_max_length = locals_max_length
+        self.locals_max_string = locals_max_string
+
+        self.suppress: Sequence[str] = []
+        for suppress_entity in suppress:
+            if not isinstance(suppress_entity, str):
+                assert (
+                    suppress_entity.__file__ is not None
+                ), f"{suppress_entity!r} must be a module with '__file__' attribute"
+                path = os.path.dirname(suppress_entity.__file__)
+            else:
+                path = suppress_entity
+            path = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(path))
+            self.suppress.append(path)
+        self.max_frames = max(4, max_frames) if max_frames > 0 else 0
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_exception(
+        cls,
+        exc_type: Type[Any],
+        exc_value: BaseException,
+        traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
+        width: Optional[int] = 100,
+        extra_lines: int = 3,
+        theme: Optional[str] = None,
+        word_wrap: bool = False,
+        show_locals: bool = False,
+        indent_guides: bool = True,
+        locals_max_length: int = LOCALS_MAX_LENGTH,
+        locals_max_string: int = LOCALS_MAX_STRING,
+        suppress: Iterable[Union[str, ModuleType]] = (),
+        max_frames: int = 100,
+    ) -> "Traceback":
+        """Create a traceback from exception info
+
+        Args:
+            exc_type (Type[BaseException]): Exception type.
+            exc_value (BaseException): Exception value.
+            traceback (TracebackType): Python Traceback object.
+            width (Optional[int], optional): Number of characters used to traceback. Defaults to 100.
+            extra_lines (int, optional): Additional lines of code to render. Defaults to 3.
+            theme (str, optional): Override pygments theme used in traceback.
+            word_wrap (bool, optional): Enable word wrapping of long lines. Defaults to False.
+            show_locals (bool, optional): Enable display of local variables. Defaults to False.
+            indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indent guides in code and locals. Defaults to True.
+            locals_max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+                Defaults to 10.
+            locals_max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to 80.
+            suppress (Iterable[Union[str, ModuleType]]): Optional sequence of modules or paths to exclude from traceback.
+            max_frames (int): Maximum number of frames to show in a traceback, 0 for no maximum. Defaults to 100.
+
+        Returns:
+            Traceback: A Traceback instance that may be printed.
+        """
+        rich_traceback = cls.extract(
+            exc_type, exc_value, traceback, show_locals=show_locals
+        )
+        return cls(
+            rich_traceback,
+            width=width,
+            extra_lines=extra_lines,
+            theme=theme,
+            word_wrap=word_wrap,
+            show_locals=show_locals,
+            indent_guides=indent_guides,
+            locals_max_length=locals_max_length,
+            locals_max_string=locals_max_string,
+            suppress=suppress,
+            max_frames=max_frames,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def extract(
+        cls,
+        exc_type: Type[BaseException],
+        exc_value: BaseException,
+        traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
+        show_locals: bool = False,
+        locals_max_length: int = LOCALS_MAX_LENGTH,
+        locals_max_string: int = LOCALS_MAX_STRING,
+    ) -> Trace:
+        """Extract traceback information.
+
+        Args:
+            exc_type (Type[BaseException]): Exception type.
+            exc_value (BaseException): Exception value.
+            traceback (TracebackType): Python Traceback object.
+            show_locals (bool, optional): Enable display of local variables. Defaults to False.
+            locals_max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
+                Defaults to 10.
+            locals_max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to 80.
+
+        Returns:
+            Trace: A Trace instance which you can use to construct a `Traceback`.
+        """
+
+        stacks: List[Stack] = []
+        is_cause = False
+
+        from pip._vendor.rich import _IMPORT_CWD
+
+        def safe_str(_object: Any) -> str:
+            """Don't allow exceptions from __str__ to propegate."""
+            try:
+                return str(_object)
+            except Exception:
+                return "<exception str() failed>"
+
+        while True:
+            stack = Stack(
+                exc_type=safe_str(exc_type.__name__),
+                exc_value=safe_str(exc_value),
+                is_cause=is_cause,
+            )
+
+            if isinstance(exc_value, SyntaxError):
+                stack.syntax_error = _SyntaxError(
+                    offset=exc_value.offset or 0,
+                    filename=exc_value.filename or "?",
+                    lineno=exc_value.lineno or 0,
+                    line=exc_value.text or "",
+                    msg=exc_value.msg,
+                )
+
+            stacks.append(stack)
+            append = stack.frames.append
+
+            for frame_summary, line_no in walk_tb(traceback):
+                filename = frame_summary.f_code.co_filename
+                if filename and not filename.startswith("<"):
+                    if not os.path.isabs(filename):
+                        filename = os.path.join(_IMPORT_CWD, filename)
+                frame = Frame(
+                    filename=filename or "?",
+                    lineno=line_no,
+                    name=frame_summary.f_code.co_name,
+                    locals={
+                        key: pretty.traverse(
+                            value,
+                            max_length=locals_max_length,
+                            max_string=locals_max_string,
+                        )
+                        for key, value in frame_summary.f_locals.items()
+                    }
+                    if show_locals
+                    else None,
+                )
+                append(frame)
+                if "_rich_traceback_guard" in frame_summary.f_locals:
+                    del stack.frames[:]
+
+            cause = getattr(exc_value, "__cause__", None)
+            if cause and cause.__traceback__:
+                exc_type = cause.__class__
+                exc_value = cause
+                traceback = cause.__traceback__
+                if traceback:
+                    is_cause = True
+                    continue
+
+            cause = exc_value.__context__
+            if (
+                cause
+                and cause.__traceback__
+                and not getattr(exc_value, "__suppress_context__", False)
+            ):
+                exc_type = cause.__class__
+                exc_value = cause
+                traceback = cause.__traceback__
+                if traceback:
+                    is_cause = False
+                    continue
+            # No cover, code is reached but coverage doesn't recognize it.
+            break  # pragma: no cover
+
+        trace = Trace(stacks=stacks)
+        return trace
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: Console, options: ConsoleOptions
+    ) -> RenderResult:
+        theme = self.theme
+        background_style = theme.get_background_style()
+        token_style = theme.get_style_for_token
+
+        traceback_theme = Theme(
+            {
+                "pretty": token_style(TextToken),
+                "pygments.text": token_style(Token),
+                "pygments.string": token_style(String),
+                "pygments.function": token_style(Name.Function),
+                "pygments.number": token_style(Number),
+                "repr.indent": token_style(Comment) + Style(dim=True),
+                "repr.str": token_style(String),
+                "repr.brace": token_style(TextToken) + Style(bold=True),
+                "repr.number": token_style(Number),
+                "repr.bool_true": token_style(Keyword.Constant),
+                "repr.bool_false": token_style(Keyword.Constant),
+                "repr.none": token_style(Keyword.Constant),
+                "scope.border": token_style(String.Delimiter),
+                "scope.equals": token_style(Operator),
+                "scope.key": token_style(Name),
+                "scope.key.special": token_style(Name.Constant) + Style(dim=True),
+            },
+            inherit=False,
+        )
+
+        highlighter = ReprHighlighter()
+        for last, stack in loop_last(reversed(self.trace.stacks)):
+            if stack.frames:
+                stack_renderable: ConsoleRenderable = Panel(
+                    self._render_stack(stack),
+                    title="[traceback.title]Traceback [dim](most recent call last)",
+                    style=background_style,
+                    border_style="traceback.border",
+                    expand=True,
+                    padding=(0, 1),
+                )
+                stack_renderable = Constrain(stack_renderable, self.width)
+                with console.use_theme(traceback_theme):
+                    yield stack_renderable
+            if stack.syntax_error is not None:
+                with console.use_theme(traceback_theme):
+                    yield Constrain(
+                        Panel(
+                            self._render_syntax_error(stack.syntax_error),
+                            style=background_style,
+                            border_style="traceback.border.syntax_error",
+                            expand=True,
+                            padding=(0, 1),
+                            width=self.width,
+                        ),
+                        self.width,
+                    )
+                yield Text.assemble(
+                    (f"{stack.exc_type}: ", "traceback.exc_type"),
+                    highlighter(stack.syntax_error.msg),
+                )
+            elif stack.exc_value:
+                yield Text.assemble(
+                    (f"{stack.exc_type}: ", "traceback.exc_type"),
+                    highlighter(stack.exc_value),
+                )
+            else:
+                yield Text.assemble((f"{stack.exc_type}", "traceback.exc_type"))
+
+            if not last:
+                if stack.is_cause:
+                    yield Text.from_markup(
+                        "\n[i]The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:\n",
+                    )
+                else:
+                    yield Text.from_markup(
+                        "\n[i]During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:\n",
+                    )
+
+    @group()
+    def _render_syntax_error(self, syntax_error: _SyntaxError) -> RenderResult:
+        highlighter = ReprHighlighter()
+        path_highlighter = PathHighlighter()
+        if syntax_error.filename != "<stdin>":
+            text = Text.assemble(
+                (f" {syntax_error.filename}", "pygments.string"),
+                (":", "pygments.text"),
+                (str(syntax_error.lineno), "pygments.number"),
+                style="pygments.text",
+            )
+            yield path_highlighter(text)
+        syntax_error_text = highlighter(syntax_error.line.rstrip())
+        syntax_error_text.no_wrap = True
+        offset = min(syntax_error.offset - 1, len(syntax_error_text))
+        syntax_error_text.stylize("bold underline", offset, offset)
+        syntax_error_text += Text.from_markup(
+            "\n" + " " * offset + "[traceback.offset]▲[/]",
+            style="pygments.text",
+        )
+        yield syntax_error_text
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _guess_lexer(cls, filename: str, code: str) -> str:
+        ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[-1]
+        if not ext:
+            # No extension, look at first line to see if it is a hashbang
+            # Note, this is an educated guess and not a guarantee
+            # If it fails, the only downside is that the code is highlighted strangely
+            new_line_index = code.index("\n")
+            first_line = code[:new_line_index] if new_line_index != -1 else code
+            if first_line.startswith("#!") and "python" in first_line.lower():
+                return "python"
+        lexer_name = (
+            cls.LEXERS.get(ext) or guess_lexer_for_filename(filename, code).name
+        )
+        return lexer_name
+
+    @group()
+    def _render_stack(self, stack: Stack) -> RenderResult:
+        path_highlighter = PathHighlighter()
+        theme = self.theme
+        code_cache: Dict[str, str] = {}
+
+        def read_code(filename: str) -> str:
+            """Read files, and cache results on filename.
+
+            Args:
+                filename (str): Filename to read
+
+            Returns:
+                str: Contents of file
+            """
+            code = code_cache.get(filename)
+            if code is None:
+                with open(
+                    filename, "rt", encoding="utf-8", errors="replace"
+                ) as code_file:
+                    code = code_file.read()
+                code_cache[filename] = code
+            return code
+
+        def render_locals(frame: Frame) -> Iterable[ConsoleRenderable]:
+            if frame.locals:
+                yield render_scope(
+                    frame.locals,
+                    title="locals",
+                    indent_guides=self.indent_guides,
+                    max_length=self.locals_max_length,
+                    max_string=self.locals_max_string,
+                )
+
+        exclude_frames: Optional[range] = None
+        if self.max_frames != 0:
+            exclude_frames = range(
+                self.max_frames // 2,
+                len(stack.frames) - self.max_frames // 2,
+            )
+
+        excluded = False
+        for frame_index, frame in enumerate(stack.frames):
+
+            if exclude_frames and frame_index in exclude_frames:
+                excluded = True
+                continue
+
+            if excluded:
+                assert exclude_frames is not None
+                yield Text(
+                    f"\n... {len(exclude_frames)} frames hidden ...",
+                    justify="center",
+                    style="traceback.error",
+                )
+                excluded = False
+
+            first = frame_index == 1
+            frame_filename = frame.filename
+            suppressed = any(frame_filename.startswith(path) for path in self.suppress)
+
+            text = Text.assemble(
+                path_highlighter(Text(frame.filename, style="pygments.string")),
+                (":", "pygments.text"),
+                (str(frame.lineno), "pygments.number"),
+                " in ",
+                (frame.name, "pygments.function"),
+                style="pygments.text",
+            )
+            if not frame.filename.startswith("<") and not first:
+                yield ""
+            yield text
+            if frame.filename.startswith("<"):
+                yield from render_locals(frame)
+                continue
+            if not suppressed:
+                try:
+                    code = read_code(frame.filename)
+                    lexer_name = self._guess_lexer(frame.filename, code)
+                    syntax = Syntax(
+                        code,
+                        lexer_name,
+                        theme=theme,
+                        line_numbers=True,
+                        line_range=(
+                            frame.lineno - self.extra_lines,
+                            frame.lineno + self.extra_lines,
+                        ),
+                        highlight_lines={frame.lineno},
+                        word_wrap=self.word_wrap,
+                        code_width=88,
+                        indent_guides=self.indent_guides,
+                        dedent=False,
+                    )
+                    yield ""
+                except Exception as error:
+                    yield Text.assemble(
+                        (f"\n{error}", "traceback.error"),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    yield (
+                        Columns(
+                            [
+                                syntax,
+                                *render_locals(frame),
+                            ],
+                            padding=1,
+                        )
+                        if frame.locals
+                        else syntax
+                    )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    from .console import Console
+
+    console = Console()
+    import sys
+
+    def bar(a: Any) -> None:  # 这是对亚洲语言支持的测试。面对模棱两可的想法，拒绝猜测的诱惑
+        one = 1
+        print(one / a)
+
+    def foo(a: Any) -> None:
+        _rich_traceback_guard = True
+        zed = {
+            "characters": {
+                "Paul Atreides",
+                "Vladimir Harkonnen",
+                "Thufir Hawat",
+                "Duncan Idaho",
+            },
+            "atomic_types": (None, False, True),
+        }
+        bar(a)
+
+    def error() -> None:
+
+        try:
+            try:
+                foo(0)
+            except:
+                slfkjsldkfj  # type: ignore
+        except:
+            console.print_exception(show_locals=True)
+
+    error()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/tree.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/tree.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5ec27d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/tree.py
@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+from typing import Iterator, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from ._loop import loop_first, loop_last
+from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderableType, RenderResult
+from .jupyter import JupyterMixin
+from .measure import Measurement
+from .segment import Segment
+from .style import Style, StyleStack, StyleType
+from .styled import Styled
+
+
+class Tree(JupyterMixin):
+    """A renderable for a tree structure.
+
+    Args:
+        label (RenderableType): The renderable or str for the tree label.
+        style (StyleType, optional): Style of this tree. Defaults to "tree".
+        guide_style (StyleType, optional): Style of the guide lines. Defaults to "tree.line".
+        expanded (bool, optional): Also display children. Defaults to True.
+        highlight (bool, optional): Highlight renderable (if str). Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        label: RenderableType,
+        *,
+        style: StyleType = "tree",
+        guide_style: StyleType = "tree.line",
+        expanded: bool = True,
+        highlight: bool = False,
+        hide_root: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.label = label
+        self.style = style
+        self.guide_style = guide_style
+        self.children: List[Tree] = []
+        self.expanded = expanded
+        self.highlight = highlight
+        self.hide_root = hide_root
+
+    def add(
+        self,
+        label: RenderableType,
+        *,
+        style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        guide_style: Optional[StyleType] = None,
+        expanded: bool = True,
+        highlight: bool = False,
+    ) -> "Tree":
+        """Add a child tree.
+
+        Args:
+            label (RenderableType): The renderable or str for the tree label.
+            style (StyleType, optional): Style of this tree. Defaults to "tree".
+            guide_style (StyleType, optional): Style of the guide lines. Defaults to "tree.line".
+            expanded (bool, optional): Also display children. Defaults to True.
+            highlight (Optional[bool], optional): Highlight renderable (if str). Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tree: A new child Tree, which may be further modified.
+        """
+        node = Tree(
+            label,
+            style=self.style if style is None else style,
+            guide_style=self.guide_style if guide_style is None else guide_style,
+            expanded=expanded,
+            highlight=self.highlight if highlight is None else highlight,
+        )
+        self.children.append(node)
+        return node
+
+    def __rich_console__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "RenderResult":
+
+        stack: List[Iterator[Tuple[bool, Tree]]] = []
+        pop = stack.pop
+        push = stack.append
+        new_line = Segment.line()
+
+        get_style = console.get_style
+        null_style = Style.null()
+        guide_style = get_style(self.guide_style, default="") or null_style
+        SPACE, CONTINUE, FORK, END = range(4)
+
+        ASCII_GUIDES = ("    ", "|   ", "+-- ", "`-- ")
+        TREE_GUIDES = [
+            ("    ", "│   ", "├── ", "└── "),
+            ("    ", "┃   ", "┣━━ ", "┗━━ "),
+            ("    ", "║   ", "╠══ ", "╚══ "),
+        ]
+        _Segment = Segment
+
+        def make_guide(index: int, style: Style) -> Segment:
+            """Make a Segment for a level of the guide lines."""
+            if options.ascii_only:
+                line = ASCII_GUIDES[index]
+            else:
+                guide = 1 if style.bold else (2 if style.underline2 else 0)
+                line = TREE_GUIDES[0 if options.legacy_windows else guide][index]
+            return _Segment(line, style)
+
+        levels: List[Segment] = [make_guide(CONTINUE, guide_style)]
+        push(iter(loop_last([self])))
+
+        guide_style_stack = StyleStack(get_style(self.guide_style))
+        style_stack = StyleStack(get_style(self.style))
+        remove_guide_styles = Style(bold=False, underline2=False)
+
+        depth = 0
+
+        while stack:
+            stack_node = pop()
+            try:
+                last, node = next(stack_node)
+            except StopIteration:
+                levels.pop()
+                if levels:
+                    guide_style = levels[-1].style or null_style
+                    levels[-1] = make_guide(FORK, guide_style)
+                    guide_style_stack.pop()
+                    style_stack.pop()
+                continue
+            push(stack_node)
+            if last:
+                levels[-1] = make_guide(END, levels[-1].style or null_style)
+
+            guide_style = guide_style_stack.current + get_style(node.guide_style)
+            style = style_stack.current + get_style(node.style)
+            prefix = levels[(2 if self.hide_root else 1) :]
+            renderable_lines = console.render_lines(
+                Styled(node.label, style),
+                options.update(
+                    width=options.max_width
+                    - sum(level.cell_length for level in prefix),
+                    highlight=self.highlight,
+                    height=None,
+                ),
+            )
+
+            if not (depth == 0 and self.hide_root):
+                for first, line in loop_first(renderable_lines):
+                    if prefix:
+                        yield from _Segment.apply_style(
+                            prefix,
+                            style.background_style,
+                            post_style=remove_guide_styles,
+                        )
+                    yield from line
+                    yield new_line
+                    if first and prefix:
+                        prefix[-1] = make_guide(
+                            SPACE if last else CONTINUE, prefix[-1].style or null_style
+                        )
+
+            if node.expanded and node.children:
+                levels[-1] = make_guide(
+                    SPACE if last else CONTINUE, levels[-1].style or null_style
+                )
+                levels.append(
+                    make_guide(END if len(node.children) == 1 else FORK, guide_style)
+                )
+                style_stack.push(get_style(node.style))
+                guide_style_stack.push(get_style(node.guide_style))
+                push(iter(loop_last(node.children)))
+                depth += 1
+
+    def __rich_measure__(
+        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
+    ) -> "Measurement":
+        stack: List[Iterator[Tree]] = [iter([self])]
+        pop = stack.pop
+        push = stack.append
+        minimum = 0
+        maximum = 0
+        measure = Measurement.get
+        level = 0
+        while stack:
+            iter_tree = pop()
+            try:
+                tree = next(iter_tree)
+            except StopIteration:
+                level -= 1
+                continue
+            push(iter_tree)
+            min_measure, max_measure = measure(console, options, tree.label)
+            indent = level * 4
+            minimum = max(min_measure + indent, minimum)
+            maximum = max(max_measure + indent, maximum)
+            if tree.expanded and tree.children:
+                push(iter(tree.children))
+                level += 1
+        return Measurement(minimum, maximum)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+
+    from pip._vendor.rich.console import Group
+    from pip._vendor.rich.markdown import Markdown
+    from pip._vendor.rich.panel import Panel
+    from pip._vendor.rich.syntax import Syntax
+    from pip._vendor.rich.table import Table
+
+    table = Table(row_styles=["", "dim"])
+
+    table.add_column("Released", style="cyan", no_wrap=True)
+    table.add_column("Title", style="magenta")
+    table.add_column("Box Office", justify="right", style="green")
+
+    table.add_row("Dec 20, 2019", "Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker", "$952,110,690")
+    table.add_row("May 25, 2018", "Solo: A Star Wars Story", "$393,151,347")
+    table.add_row("Dec 15, 2017", "Star Wars Ep. V111: The Last Jedi", "$1,332,539,889")
+    table.add_row("Dec 16, 2016", "Rogue One: A Star Wars Story", "$1,332,439,889")
+
+    code = """\
+class Segment(NamedTuple):
+    text: str = ""    
+    style: Optional[Style] = None    
+    is_control: bool = False    
+"""
+    syntax = Syntax(code, "python", theme="monokai", line_numbers=True)
+
+    markdown = Markdown(
+        """\
+### example.md
+> Hello, World!
+> 
+> Markdown _all_ the things
+"""
+    )
+
+    root = Tree("🌲 [b green]Rich Tree", highlight=True, hide_root=True)
+
+    node = root.add(":file_folder: Renderables", guide_style="red")
+    simple_node = node.add(":file_folder: [bold yellow]Atomic", guide_style="uu green")
+    simple_node.add(Group("📄 Syntax", syntax))
+    simple_node.add(Group("📄 Markdown", Panel(markdown, border_style="green")))
+
+    containers_node = node.add(
+        ":file_folder: [bold magenta]Containers", guide_style="bold magenta"
+    )
+    containers_node.expanded = True
+    panel = Panel.fit("Just a panel", border_style="red")
+    containers_node.add(Group("📄 Panels", panel))
+
+    containers_node.add(Group("📄 [b magenta]Table", table))
+
+    console = Console()
+    console.print(root)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/six.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/six.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e15675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/six.py
@@ -0,0 +1,998 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2010-2020 Benjamin Peterson
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+"""Utilities for writing code that runs on Python 2 and 3"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import functools
+import itertools
+import operator
+import sys
+import types
+
+__author__ = "Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>"
+__version__ = "1.16.0"
+
+
+# Useful for very coarse version differentiation.
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+PY34 = sys.version_info[0:2] >= (3, 4)
+
+if PY3:
+    string_types = str,
+    integer_types = int,
+    class_types = type,
+    text_type = str
+    binary_type = bytes
+
+    MAXSIZE = sys.maxsize
+else:
+    string_types = basestring,
+    integer_types = (int, long)
+    class_types = (type, types.ClassType)
+    text_type = unicode
+    binary_type = str
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("java"):
+        # Jython always uses 32 bits.
+        MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+    else:
+        # It's possible to have sizeof(long) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t).
+        class X(object):
+
+            def __len__(self):
+                return 1 << 31
+        try:
+            len(X())
+        except OverflowError:
+            # 32-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+        else:
+            # 64-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 63) - 1)
+        del X
+
+if PY34:
+    from importlib.util import spec_from_loader
+else:
+    spec_from_loader = None
+
+
+def _add_doc(func, doc):
+    """Add documentation to a function."""
+    func.__doc__ = doc
+
+
+def _import_module(name):
+    """Import module, returning the module after the last dot."""
+    __import__(name)
+    return sys.modules[name]
+
+
+class _LazyDescr(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, tp):
+        result = self._resolve()
+        setattr(obj, self.name, result)  # Invokes __set__.
+        try:
+            # This is a bit ugly, but it avoids running this again by
+            # removing this descriptor.
+            delattr(obj.__class__, self.name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        return result
+
+
+class MovedModule(_LazyDescr):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, old, new=None):
+        super(MovedModule, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new is None:
+                new = name
+            self.mod = new
+        else:
+            self.mod = old
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        return _import_module(self.mod)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        _module = self._resolve()
+        value = getattr(_module, attr)
+        setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return value
+
+
+class _LazyModule(types.ModuleType):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        super(_LazyModule, self).__init__(name)
+        self.__doc__ = self.__class__.__doc__
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        attrs = ["__doc__", "__name__"]
+        attrs += [attr.name for attr in self._moved_attributes]
+        return attrs
+
+    # Subclasses should override this
+    _moved_attributes = []
+
+
+class MovedAttribute(_LazyDescr):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, old_mod, new_mod, old_attr=None, new_attr=None):
+        super(MovedAttribute, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new_mod is None:
+                new_mod = name
+            self.mod = new_mod
+            if new_attr is None:
+                if old_attr is None:
+                    new_attr = name
+                else:
+                    new_attr = old_attr
+            self.attr = new_attr
+        else:
+            self.mod = old_mod
+            if old_attr is None:
+                old_attr = name
+            self.attr = old_attr
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        module = _import_module(self.mod)
+        return getattr(module, self.attr)
+
+
+class _SixMetaPathImporter(object):
+
+    """
+    A meta path importer to import six.moves and its submodules.
+
+    This class implements a PEP302 finder and loader. It should be compatible
+    with Python 2.5 and all existing versions of Python3
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, six_module_name):
+        self.name = six_module_name
+        self.known_modules = {}
+
+    def _add_module(self, mod, *fullnames):
+        for fullname in fullnames:
+            self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname] = mod
+
+    def _get_module(self, fullname):
+        return self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname]
+
+    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
+        if fullname in self.known_modules:
+            return self
+        return None
+
+    def find_spec(self, fullname, path, target=None):
+        if fullname in self.known_modules:
+            return spec_from_loader(fullname, self)
+        return None
+
+    def __get_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            return self.known_modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ImportError("This loader does not know module " + fullname)
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            # in case of a reload
+            return sys.modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        mod = self.__get_module(fullname)
+        if isinstance(mod, MovedModule):
+            mod = mod._resolve()
+        else:
+            mod.__loader__ = self
+        sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+        return mod
+
+    def is_package(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Return true, if the named module is a package.
+
+        We need this method to get correct spec objects with
+        Python 3.4 (see PEP451)
+        """
+        return hasattr(self.__get_module(fullname), "__path__")
+
+    def get_code(self, fullname):
+        """Return None
+
+        Required, if is_package is implemented"""
+        self.__get_module(fullname)  # eventually raises ImportError
+        return None
+    get_source = get_code  # same as get_code
+
+    def create_module(self, spec):
+        return self.load_module(spec.name)
+
+    def exec_module(self, module):
+        pass
+
+_importer = _SixMetaPathImporter(__name__)
+
+
+class _MovedItems(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects"""
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+
+
+_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("cStringIO", "cStringIO", "io", "StringIO"),
+    MovedAttribute("filter", "itertools", "builtins", "ifilter", "filter"),
+    MovedAttribute("filterfalse", "itertools", "itertools", "ifilterfalse", "filterfalse"),
+    MovedAttribute("input", "__builtin__", "builtins", "raw_input", "input"),
+    MovedAttribute("intern", "__builtin__", "sys"),
+    MovedAttribute("map", "itertools", "builtins", "imap", "map"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwd", "os", "os", "getcwdu", "getcwd"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwdb", "os", "os", "getcwd", "getcwdb"),
+    MovedAttribute("getoutput", "commands", "subprocess"),
+    MovedAttribute("range", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("reload_module", "__builtin__", "importlib" if PY34 else "imp", "reload"),
+    MovedAttribute("reduce", "__builtin__", "functools"),
+    MovedAttribute("shlex_quote", "pipes", "shlex", "quote"),
+    MovedAttribute("StringIO", "StringIO", "io"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserDict", "UserDict", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserList", "UserList", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserString", "UserString", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("xrange", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip", "itertools", "builtins", "izip", "zip"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip_longest", "itertools", "itertools", "izip_longest", "zip_longest"),
+    MovedModule("builtins", "__builtin__"),
+    MovedModule("configparser", "ConfigParser"),
+    MovedModule("collections_abc", "collections", "collections.abc" if sys.version_info >= (3, 3) else "collections"),
+    MovedModule("copyreg", "copy_reg"),
+    MovedModule("dbm_gnu", "gdbm", "dbm.gnu"),
+    MovedModule("dbm_ndbm", "dbm", "dbm.ndbm"),
+    MovedModule("_dummy_thread", "dummy_thread", "_dummy_thread" if sys.version_info < (3, 9) else "_thread"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookiejar", "cookielib", "http.cookiejar"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookies", "Cookie", "http.cookies"),
+    MovedModule("html_entities", "htmlentitydefs", "html.entities"),
+    MovedModule("html_parser", "HTMLParser", "html.parser"),
+    MovedModule("http_client", "httplib", "http.client"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_base", "email.MIMEBase", "email.mime.base"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_image", "email.MIMEImage", "email.mime.image"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_multipart", "email.MIMEMultipart", "email.mime.multipart"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_nonmultipart", "email.MIMENonMultipart", "email.mime.nonmultipart"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_text", "email.MIMEText", "email.mime.text"),
+    MovedModule("BaseHTTPServer", "BaseHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("CGIHTTPServer", "CGIHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("SimpleHTTPServer", "SimpleHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("cPickle", "cPickle", "pickle"),
+    MovedModule("queue", "Queue"),
+    MovedModule("reprlib", "repr"),
+    MovedModule("socketserver", "SocketServer"),
+    MovedModule("_thread", "thread", "_thread"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter", "Tkinter"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dialog", "Dialog", "tkinter.dialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_filedialog", "FileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_scrolledtext", "ScrolledText", "tkinter.scrolledtext"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_simpledialog", "SimpleDialog", "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tix", "Tix", "tkinter.tix"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_ttk", "ttk", "tkinter.ttk"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_constants", "Tkconstants", "tkinter.constants"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dnd", "Tkdnd", "tkinter.dnd"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_colorchooser", "tkColorChooser",
+                "tkinter.colorchooser"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_commondialog", "tkCommonDialog",
+                "tkinter.commondialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tkfiledialog", "tkFileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_font", "tkFont", "tkinter.font"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_messagebox", "tkMessageBox", "tkinter.messagebox"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tksimpledialog", "tkSimpleDialog",
+                "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_parse", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_error", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_error", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedModule("urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_robotparser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_client", "xmlrpclib", "xmlrpc.client"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_server", "SimpleXMLRPCServer", "xmlrpc.server"),
+]
+# Add windows specific modules.
+if sys.platform == "win32":
+    _moved_attributes += [
+        MovedModule("winreg", "_winreg"),
+    ]
+
+for attr in _moved_attributes:
+    setattr(_MovedItems, attr.name, attr)
+    if isinstance(attr, MovedModule):
+        _importer._add_module(attr, "moves." + attr.name)
+del attr
+
+_MovedItems._moved_attributes = _moved_attributes
+
+moves = _MovedItems(__name__ + ".moves")
+_importer._add_module(moves, "moves")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_parse"""
+
+
+_urllib_parse_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("ParseResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("SplitResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qs", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qsl", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urldefrag", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urljoin", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote_to_bytes", "urllib", "urllib.parse", "unquote", "unquote_to_bytes"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlencode", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splitquery", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splittag", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splituser", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splitvalue", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_fragment", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_netloc", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_params", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_query", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_relative", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_parse_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_parse._moved_attributes = _urllib_parse_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(__name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse"),
+                      "moves.urllib_parse", "moves.urllib.parse")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_error(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_error"""
+
+
+_urllib_error_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("URLError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("ContentTooShortError", "urllib", "urllib.error"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_error_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_error, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_error._moved_attributes = _urllib_error_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_error(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.error"),
+                      "moves.urllib_error", "moves.urllib.error")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_request(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_request"""
+
+
+_urllib_request_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("urlopen", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("install_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("build_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("pathname2url", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("url2pathname", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("getproxies", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("Request", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("OpenerDirector", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDefaultErrorHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPRedirectHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPCookieProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("BaseHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgr", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPSHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FileHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("CacheFTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("UnknownHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPErrorProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlretrieve", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlcleanup", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("URLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FancyURLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("proxy_bypass", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_http_list", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_keqv_list", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_request_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_request, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_request._moved_attributes = _urllib_request_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_request(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.request"),
+                      "moves.urllib_request", "moves.urllib.request")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_response(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_response"""
+
+
+_urllib_response_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("addbase", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addclosehook", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfo", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfourl", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_response_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_response, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_response._moved_attributes = _urllib_response_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_response(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.response"),
+                      "moves.urllib_response", "moves.urllib.response")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_robotparser"""
+
+
+_urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("RobotFileParser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser._moved_attributes = _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.robotparser"),
+                      "moves.urllib_robotparser", "moves.urllib.robotparser")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib(types.ModuleType):
+
+    """Create a six.moves.urllib namespace that resembles the Python 3 namespace"""
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+    parse = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_parse")
+    error = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_error")
+    request = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_request")
+    response = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_response")
+    robotparser = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_robotparser")
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return ['parse', 'error', 'request', 'response', 'robotparser']
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib(__name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+                      "moves.urllib")
+
+
+def add_move(move):
+    """Add an item to six.moves."""
+    setattr(_MovedItems, move.name, move)
+
+
+def remove_move(name):
+    """Remove item from six.moves."""
+    try:
+        delattr(_MovedItems, name)
+    except AttributeError:
+        try:
+            del moves.__dict__[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError("no such move, %r" % (name,))
+
+
+if PY3:
+    _meth_func = "__func__"
+    _meth_self = "__self__"
+
+    _func_closure = "__closure__"
+    _func_code = "__code__"
+    _func_defaults = "__defaults__"
+    _func_globals = "__globals__"
+else:
+    _meth_func = "im_func"
+    _meth_self = "im_self"
+
+    _func_closure = "func_closure"
+    _func_code = "func_code"
+    _func_defaults = "func_defaults"
+    _func_globals = "func_globals"
+
+
+try:
+    advance_iterator = next
+except NameError:
+    def advance_iterator(it):
+        return it.next()
+next = advance_iterator
+
+
+try:
+    callable = callable
+except NameError:
+    def callable(obj):
+        return any("__call__" in klass.__dict__ for klass in type(obj).__mro__)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound
+
+    create_bound_method = types.MethodType
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return func
+
+    Iterator = object
+else:
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound.im_func
+
+    def create_bound_method(func, obj):
+        return types.MethodType(func, obj, obj.__class__)
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return types.MethodType(func, None, cls)
+
+    class Iterator(object):
+
+        def next(self):
+            return type(self).__next__(self)
+
+    callable = callable
+_add_doc(get_unbound_function,
+         """Get the function out of a possibly unbound function""")
+
+
+get_method_function = operator.attrgetter(_meth_func)
+get_method_self = operator.attrgetter(_meth_self)
+get_function_closure = operator.attrgetter(_func_closure)
+get_function_code = operator.attrgetter(_func_code)
+get_function_defaults = operator.attrgetter(_func_defaults)
+get_function_globals = operator.attrgetter(_func_globals)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.keys(**kw))
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.values(**kw))
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.items(**kw))
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.lists(**kw))
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("keys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("values")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("items")
+else:
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterkeys(**kw)
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return d.itervalues(**kw)
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return d.iteritems(**kw)
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterlists(**kw)
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("viewkeys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("viewvalues")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("viewitems")
+
+_add_doc(iterkeys, "Return an iterator over the keys of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(itervalues, "Return an iterator over the values of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iteritems,
+         "Return an iterator over the (key, value) pairs of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iterlists,
+         "Return an iterator over the (key, [values]) pairs of a dictionary.")
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def b(s):
+        return s.encode("latin-1")
+
+    def u(s):
+        return s
+    unichr = chr
+    import struct
+    int2byte = struct.Struct(">B").pack
+    del struct
+    byte2int = operator.itemgetter(0)
+    indexbytes = operator.getitem
+    iterbytes = iter
+    import io
+    StringIO = io.StringIO
+    BytesIO = io.BytesIO
+    del io
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertCountEqual"
+    if sys.version_info[1] <= 1:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+        _assertNotRegex = "assertNotRegexpMatches"
+    else:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegex"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegex"
+        _assertNotRegex = "assertNotRegex"
+else:
+    def b(s):
+        return s
+    # Workaround for standalone backslash
+
+    def u(s):
+        return unicode(s.replace(r'\\', r'\\\\'), "unicode_escape")
+    unichr = unichr
+    int2byte = chr
+
+    def byte2int(bs):
+        return ord(bs[0])
+
+    def indexbytes(buf, i):
+        return ord(buf[i])
+    iterbytes = functools.partial(itertools.imap, ord)
+    import StringIO
+    StringIO = BytesIO = StringIO.StringIO
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertItemsEqual"
+    _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+    _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+    _assertNotRegex = "assertNotRegexpMatches"
+_add_doc(b, """Byte literal""")
+_add_doc(u, """Text literal""")
+
+
+def assertCountEqual(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertCountEqual)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRaisesRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRaisesRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertNotRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertNotRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    exec_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "exec")
+
+    def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+        try:
+            if value is None:
+                value = tp()
+            if value.__traceback__ is not tb:
+                raise value.with_traceback(tb)
+            raise value
+        finally:
+            value = None
+            tb = None
+
+else:
+    def exec_(_code_, _globs_=None, _locs_=None):
+        """Execute code in a namespace."""
+        if _globs_ is None:
+            frame = sys._getframe(1)
+            _globs_ = frame.f_globals
+            if _locs_ is None:
+                _locs_ = frame.f_locals
+            del frame
+        elif _locs_ is None:
+            _locs_ = _globs_
+        exec("""exec _code_ in _globs_, _locs_""")
+
+    exec_("""def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+    try:
+        raise tp, value, tb
+    finally:
+        tb = None
+""")
+
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] > (3,):
+    exec_("""def raise_from(value, from_value):
+    try:
+        raise value from from_value
+    finally:
+        value = None
+""")
+else:
+    def raise_from(value, from_value):
+        raise value
+
+
+print_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "print", None)
+if print_ is None:
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        """The new-style print function for Python 2.4 and 2.5."""
+        fp = kwargs.pop("file", sys.stdout)
+        if fp is None:
+            return
+
+        def write(data):
+            if not isinstance(data, basestring):
+                data = str(data)
+            # If the file has an encoding, encode unicode with it.
+            if (isinstance(fp, file) and
+                    isinstance(data, unicode) and
+                    fp.encoding is not None):
+                errors = getattr(fp, "errors", None)
+                if errors is None:
+                    errors = "strict"
+                data = data.encode(fp.encoding, errors)
+            fp.write(data)
+        want_unicode = False
+        sep = kwargs.pop("sep", None)
+        if sep is not None:
+            if isinstance(sep, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(sep, str):
+                raise TypeError("sep must be None or a string")
+        end = kwargs.pop("end", None)
+        if end is not None:
+            if isinstance(end, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(end, str):
+                raise TypeError("end must be None or a string")
+        if kwargs:
+            raise TypeError("invalid keyword arguments to print()")
+        if not want_unicode:
+            for arg in args:
+                if isinstance(arg, unicode):
+                    want_unicode = True
+                    break
+        if want_unicode:
+            newline = unicode("\n")
+            space = unicode(" ")
+        else:
+            newline = "\n"
+            space = " "
+        if sep is None:
+            sep = space
+        if end is None:
+            end = newline
+        for i, arg in enumerate(args):
+            if i:
+                write(sep)
+            write(arg)
+        write(end)
+if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 3):
+    _print = print_
+
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        fp = kwargs.get("file", sys.stdout)
+        flush = kwargs.pop("flush", False)
+        _print(*args, **kwargs)
+        if flush and fp is not None:
+            fp.flush()
+
+_add_doc(reraise, """Reraise an exception.""")
+
+if sys.version_info[0:2] < (3, 4):
+    # This does exactly the same what the :func:`py3:functools.update_wrapper`
+    # function does on Python versions after 3.2. It sets the ``__wrapped__``
+    # attribute on ``wrapper`` object and it doesn't raise an error if any of
+    # the attributes mentioned in ``assigned`` and ``updated`` are missing on
+    # ``wrapped`` object.
+    def _update_wrapper(wrapper, wrapped,
+                        assigned=functools.WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS,
+                        updated=functools.WRAPPER_UPDATES):
+        for attr in assigned:
+            try:
+                value = getattr(wrapped, attr)
+            except AttributeError:
+                continue
+            else:
+                setattr(wrapper, attr, value)
+        for attr in updated:
+            getattr(wrapper, attr).update(getattr(wrapped, attr, {}))
+        wrapper.__wrapped__ = wrapped
+        return wrapper
+    _update_wrapper.__doc__ = functools.update_wrapper.__doc__
+
+    def wraps(wrapped, assigned=functools.WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS,
+              updated=functools.WRAPPER_UPDATES):
+        return functools.partial(_update_wrapper, wrapped=wrapped,
+                                 assigned=assigned, updated=updated)
+    wraps.__doc__ = functools.wraps.__doc__
+
+else:
+    wraps = functools.wraps
+
+
+def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):
+    """Create a base class with a metaclass."""
+    # This requires a bit of explanation: the basic idea is to make a dummy
+    # metaclass for one level of class instantiation that replaces itself with
+    # the actual metaclass.
+    class metaclass(type):
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, this_bases, d):
+            if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+                # This version introduced PEP 560 that requires a bit
+                # of extra care (we mimic what is done by __build_class__).
+                resolved_bases = types.resolve_bases(bases)
+                if resolved_bases is not bases:
+                    d['__orig_bases__'] = bases
+            else:
+                resolved_bases = bases
+            return meta(name, resolved_bases, d)
+
+        @classmethod
+        def __prepare__(cls, name, this_bases):
+            return meta.__prepare__(name, bases)
+    return type.__new__(metaclass, 'temporary_class', (), {})
+
+
+def add_metaclass(metaclass):
+    """Class decorator for creating a class with a metaclass."""
+    def wrapper(cls):
+        orig_vars = cls.__dict__.copy()
+        slots = orig_vars.get('__slots__')
+        if slots is not None:
+            if isinstance(slots, str):
+                slots = [slots]
+            for slots_var in slots:
+                orig_vars.pop(slots_var)
+        orig_vars.pop('__dict__', None)
+        orig_vars.pop('__weakref__', None)
+        if hasattr(cls, '__qualname__'):
+            orig_vars['__qualname__'] = cls.__qualname__
+        return metaclass(cls.__name__, cls.__bases__, orig_vars)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def ensure_binary(s, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'):
+    """Coerce **s** to six.binary_type.
+
+    For Python 2:
+      - `unicode` -> encoded to `str`
+      - `str` -> `str`
+
+    For Python 3:
+      - `str` -> encoded to `bytes`
+      - `bytes` -> `bytes`
+    """
+    if isinstance(s, binary_type):
+        return s
+    if isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s.encode(encoding, errors)
+    raise TypeError("not expecting type '%s'" % type(s))
+
+
+def ensure_str(s, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'):
+    """Coerce *s* to `str`.
+
+    For Python 2:
+      - `unicode` -> encoded to `str`
+      - `str` -> `str`
+
+    For Python 3:
+      - `str` -> `str`
+      - `bytes` -> decoded to `str`
+    """
+    # Optimization: Fast return for the common case.
+    if type(s) is str:
+        return s
+    if PY2 and isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s.encode(encoding, errors)
+    elif PY3 and isinstance(s, binary_type):
+        return s.decode(encoding, errors)
+    elif not isinstance(s, (text_type, binary_type)):
+        raise TypeError("not expecting type '%s'" % type(s))
+    return s
+
+
+def ensure_text(s, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'):
+    """Coerce *s* to six.text_type.
+
+    For Python 2:
+      - `unicode` -> `unicode`
+      - `str` -> `unicode`
+
+    For Python 3:
+      - `str` -> `str`
+      - `bytes` -> decoded to `str`
+    """
+    if isinstance(s, binary_type):
+        return s.decode(encoding, errors)
+    elif isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s
+    else:
+        raise TypeError("not expecting type '%s'" % type(s))
+
+
+def python_2_unicode_compatible(klass):
+    """
+    A class decorator that defines __unicode__ and __str__ methods under Python 2.
+    Under Python 3 it does nothing.
+
+    To support Python 2 and 3 with a single code base, define a __str__ method
+    returning text and apply this decorator to the class.
+    """
+    if PY2:
+        if '__str__' not in klass.__dict__:
+            raise ValueError("@python_2_unicode_compatible cannot be applied "
+                             "to %s because it doesn't define __str__()." %
+                             klass.__name__)
+        klass.__unicode__ = klass.__str__
+        klass.__str__ = lambda self: self.__unicode__().encode('utf-8')
+    return klass
+
+
+# Complete the moves implementation.
+# This code is at the end of this module to speed up module loading.
+# Turn this module into a package.
+__path__ = []  # required for PEP 302 and PEP 451
+__package__ = __name__  # see PEP 366 @ReservedAssignment
+if globals().get("__spec__") is not None:
+    __spec__.submodule_search_locations = []  # PEP 451 @UndefinedVariable
+# Remove other six meta path importers, since they cause problems. This can
+# happen if six is removed from sys.modules and then reloaded. (Setuptools does
+# this for some reason.)
+if sys.meta_path:
+    for i, importer in enumerate(sys.meta_path):
+        # Here's some real nastiness: Another "instance" of the six module might
+        # be floating around. Therefore, we can't use isinstance() to check for
+        # the six meta path importer, since the other six instance will have
+        # inserted an importer with different class.
+        if (type(importer).__name__ == "_SixMetaPathImporter" and
+                importer.name == __name__):
+            del sys.meta_path[i]
+            break
+    del i, importer
+# Finally, add the importer to the meta path import hook.
+sys.meta_path.append(_importer)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..086ad46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,517 @@
+# Copyright 2016-2018 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2017 Elisey Zanko
+# Copyright 2016 Étienne Bersac
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import functools
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from concurrent import futures
+from inspect import iscoroutinefunction
+
+# Import all built-in retry strategies for easier usage.
+from .retry import retry_base  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_all  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_always  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_any  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_if_exception  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_if_exception_type  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_if_not_exception_type  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_if_not_result  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_if_result  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_never  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_unless_exception_type  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_if_exception_message  # noqa
+from .retry import retry_if_not_exception_message  # noqa
+
+# Import all nap strategies for easier usage.
+from .nap import sleep  # noqa
+from .nap import sleep_using_event  # noqa
+
+# Import all built-in stop strategies for easier usage.
+from .stop import stop_after_attempt  # noqa
+from .stop import stop_after_delay  # noqa
+from .stop import stop_all  # noqa
+from .stop import stop_any  # noqa
+from .stop import stop_never  # noqa
+from .stop import stop_when_event_set  # noqa
+
+# Import all built-in wait strategies for easier usage.
+from .wait import wait_chain  # noqa
+from .wait import wait_combine  # noqa
+from .wait import wait_exponential  # noqa
+from .wait import wait_fixed  # noqa
+from .wait import wait_incrementing  # noqa
+from .wait import wait_none  # noqa
+from .wait import wait_random  # noqa
+from .wait import wait_random_exponential  # noqa
+from .wait import wait_random_exponential as wait_full_jitter  # noqa
+
+# Import all built-in before strategies for easier usage.
+from .before import before_log  # noqa
+from .before import before_nothing  # noqa
+
+# Import all built-in after strategies for easier usage.
+from .after import after_log  # noqa
+from .after import after_nothing  # noqa
+
+# Import all built-in after strategies for easier usage.
+from .before_sleep import before_sleep_log  # noqa
+from .before_sleep import before_sleep_nothing  # noqa
+
+# Replace a conditional import with a hard-coded None so that pip does
+# not attempt to use tornado even if it is present in the environment.
+# If tornado is non-None, tenacity will attempt to execute some code
+# that is sensitive to the version of tornado, which could break pip
+# if an old version is found.
+tornado = None  # type: ignore
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import types
+
+    from .wait import wait_base
+    from .stop import stop_base
+
+
+WrappedFn = t.TypeVar("WrappedFn", bound=t.Callable)
+_RetValT = t.TypeVar("_RetValT")
+
+
+@t.overload
+def retry(fn: WrappedFn) -> WrappedFn:
+    pass
+
+
+@t.overload
+def retry(*dargs: t.Any, **dkw: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[WrappedFn], WrappedFn]:  # noqa
+    pass
+
+
+def retry(*dargs: t.Any, **dkw: t.Any) -> t.Union[WrappedFn, t.Callable[[WrappedFn], WrappedFn]]:  # noqa
+    """Wrap a function with a new `Retrying` object.
+
+    :param dargs: positional arguments passed to Retrying object
+    :param dkw: keyword arguments passed to the Retrying object
+    """
+    # support both @retry and @retry() as valid syntax
+    if len(dargs) == 1 and callable(dargs[0]):
+        return retry()(dargs[0])
+    else:
+
+        def wrap(f: WrappedFn) -> WrappedFn:
+            if isinstance(f, retry_base):
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f"Got retry_base instance ({f.__class__.__name__}) as callable argument, "
+                    f"this will probably hang indefinitely (did you mean retry={f.__class__.__name__}(...)?)"
+                )
+            if iscoroutinefunction(f):
+                r: "BaseRetrying" = AsyncRetrying(*dargs, **dkw)
+            elif tornado and hasattr(tornado.gen, "is_coroutine_function") and tornado.gen.is_coroutine_function(f):
+                r = TornadoRetrying(*dargs, **dkw)
+            else:
+                r = Retrying(*dargs, **dkw)
+
+            return r.wraps(f)
+
+        return wrap
+
+
+class TryAgain(Exception):
+    """Always retry the executed function when raised."""
+
+
+NO_RESULT = object()
+
+
+class DoAttempt:
+    pass
+
+
+class DoSleep(float):
+    pass
+
+
+class BaseAction:
+    """Base class for representing actions to take by retry object.
+
+    Concrete implementations must define:
+    - __init__: to initialize all necessary fields
+    - REPR_FIELDS: class variable specifying attributes to include in repr(self)
+    - NAME: for identification in retry object methods and callbacks
+    """
+
+    REPR_FIELDS: t.Sequence[str] = ()
+    NAME: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        state_str = ", ".join(f"{field}={getattr(self, field)!r}" for field in self.REPR_FIELDS)
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({state_str})"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return repr(self)
+
+
+class RetryAction(BaseAction):
+    REPR_FIELDS = ("sleep",)
+    NAME = "retry"
+
+    def __init__(self, sleep: t.SupportsFloat) -> None:
+        self.sleep = float(sleep)
+
+
+_unset = object()
+
+
+def _first_set(first: t.Union[t.Any, object], second: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+    return second if first is _unset else first
+
+
+class RetryError(Exception):
+    """Encapsulates the last attempt instance right before giving up."""
+
+    def __init__(self, last_attempt: "Future") -> None:
+        self.last_attempt = last_attempt
+        super().__init__(last_attempt)
+
+    def reraise(self) -> "t.NoReturn":
+        if self.last_attempt.failed:
+            raise self.last_attempt.result()
+        raise self
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}[{self.last_attempt}]"
+
+
+class AttemptManager:
+    """Manage attempt context."""
+
+    def __init__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState"):
+        self.retry_state = retry_state
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: t.Optional[t.Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_value: t.Optional[BaseException],
+        traceback: t.Optional["types.TracebackType"],
+    ) -> t.Optional[bool]:
+        if isinstance(exc_value, BaseException):
+            self.retry_state.set_exception((exc_type, exc_value, traceback))
+            return True  # Swallow exception.
+        else:
+            # We don't have the result, actually.
+            self.retry_state.set_result(None)
+            return None
+
+
+class BaseRetrying(ABC):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        sleep: t.Callable[[t.Union[int, float]], None] = sleep,
+        stop: "stop_base" = stop_never,
+        wait: "wait_base" = wait_none(),
+        retry: retry_base = retry_if_exception_type(),
+        before: t.Callable[["RetryCallState"], None] = before_nothing,
+        after: t.Callable[["RetryCallState"], None] = after_nothing,
+        before_sleep: t.Optional[t.Callable[["RetryCallState"], None]] = None,
+        reraise: bool = False,
+        retry_error_cls: t.Type[RetryError] = RetryError,
+        retry_error_callback: t.Optional[t.Callable[["RetryCallState"], t.Any]] = None,
+    ):
+        self.sleep = sleep
+        self.stop = stop
+        self.wait = wait
+        self.retry = retry
+        self.before = before
+        self.after = after
+        self.before_sleep = before_sleep
+        self.reraise = reraise
+        self._local = threading.local()
+        self.retry_error_cls = retry_error_cls
+        self.retry_error_callback = retry_error_callback
+
+    def copy(
+        self,
+        sleep: t.Union[t.Callable[[t.Union[int, float]], None], object] = _unset,
+        stop: t.Union["stop_base", object] = _unset,
+        wait: t.Union["wait_base", object] = _unset,
+        retry: t.Union[retry_base, object] = _unset,
+        before: t.Union[t.Callable[["RetryCallState"], None], object] = _unset,
+        after: t.Union[t.Callable[["RetryCallState"], None], object] = _unset,
+        before_sleep: t.Union[t.Optional[t.Callable[["RetryCallState"], None]], object] = _unset,
+        reraise: t.Union[bool, object] = _unset,
+        retry_error_cls: t.Union[t.Type[RetryError], object] = _unset,
+        retry_error_callback: t.Union[t.Optional[t.Callable[["RetryCallState"], t.Any]], object] = _unset,
+    ) -> "BaseRetrying":
+        """Copy this object with some parameters changed if needed."""
+        return self.__class__(
+            sleep=_first_set(sleep, self.sleep),
+            stop=_first_set(stop, self.stop),
+            wait=_first_set(wait, self.wait),
+            retry=_first_set(retry, self.retry),
+            before=_first_set(before, self.before),
+            after=_first_set(after, self.after),
+            before_sleep=_first_set(before_sleep, self.before_sleep),
+            reraise=_first_set(reraise, self.reraise),
+            retry_error_cls=_first_set(retry_error_cls, self.retry_error_cls),
+            retry_error_callback=_first_set(retry_error_callback, self.retry_error_callback),
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"<{self.__class__.__name__} object at 0x{id(self):x} ("
+            f"stop={self.stop}, "
+            f"wait={self.wait}, "
+            f"sleep={self.sleep}, "
+            f"retry={self.retry}, "
+            f"before={self.before}, "
+            f"after={self.after})>"
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def statistics(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Return a dictionary of runtime statistics.
+
+        This dictionary will be empty when the controller has never been
+        ran. When it is running or has ran previously it should have (but
+        may not) have useful and/or informational keys and values when
+        running is underway and/or completed.
+
+        .. warning:: The keys in this dictionary **should** be some what
+                     stable (not changing), but there existence **may**
+                     change between major releases as new statistics are
+                     gathered or removed so before accessing keys ensure that
+                     they actually exist and handle when they do not.
+
+        .. note:: The values in this dictionary are local to the thread
+                  running call (so if multiple threads share the same retrying
+                  object - either directly or indirectly) they will each have
+                  there own view of statistics they have collected (in the
+                  future we may provide a way to aggregate the various
+                  statistics from each thread).
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._local.statistics
+        except AttributeError:
+            self._local.statistics = {}
+            return self._local.statistics
+
+    def wraps(self, f: WrappedFn) -> WrappedFn:
+        """Wrap a function for retrying.
+
+        :param f: A function to wraps for retrying.
+        """
+
+        @functools.wraps(f)
+        def wrapped_f(*args: t.Any, **kw: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+            return self(f, *args, **kw)
+
+        def retry_with(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> WrappedFn:
+            return self.copy(*args, **kwargs).wraps(f)
+
+        wrapped_f.retry = self
+        wrapped_f.retry_with = retry_with
+
+        return wrapped_f
+
+    def begin(self) -> None:
+        self.statistics.clear()
+        self.statistics["start_time"] = time.monotonic()
+        self.statistics["attempt_number"] = 1
+        self.statistics["idle_for"] = 0
+
+    def iter(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> t.Union[DoAttempt, DoSleep, t.Any]:  # noqa
+        fut = retry_state.outcome
+        if fut is None:
+            if self.before is not None:
+                self.before(retry_state)
+            return DoAttempt()
+
+        is_explicit_retry = retry_state.outcome.failed and isinstance(retry_state.outcome.exception(), TryAgain)
+        if not (is_explicit_retry or self.retry(retry_state=retry_state)):
+            return fut.result()
+
+        if self.after is not None:
+            self.after(retry_state)
+
+        self.statistics["delay_since_first_attempt"] = retry_state.seconds_since_start
+        if self.stop(retry_state=retry_state):
+            if self.retry_error_callback:
+                return self.retry_error_callback(retry_state)
+            retry_exc = self.retry_error_cls(fut)
+            if self.reraise:
+                raise retry_exc.reraise()
+            raise retry_exc from fut.exception()
+
+        if self.wait:
+            sleep = self.wait(retry_state=retry_state)
+        else:
+            sleep = 0.0
+        retry_state.next_action = RetryAction(sleep)
+        retry_state.idle_for += sleep
+        self.statistics["idle_for"] += sleep
+        self.statistics["attempt_number"] += 1
+
+        if self.before_sleep is not None:
+            self.before_sleep(retry_state)
+
+        return DoSleep(sleep)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Generator[AttemptManager, None, None]:
+        self.begin()
+
+        retry_state = RetryCallState(self, fn=None, args=(), kwargs={})
+        while True:
+            do = self.iter(retry_state=retry_state)
+            if isinstance(do, DoAttempt):
+                yield AttemptManager(retry_state=retry_state)
+            elif isinstance(do, DoSleep):
+                retry_state.prepare_for_next_attempt()
+                self.sleep(do)
+            else:
+                break
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __call__(self, fn: t.Callable[..., _RetValT], *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> _RetValT:
+        pass
+
+
+class Retrying(BaseRetrying):
+    """Retrying controller."""
+
+    def __call__(self, fn: t.Callable[..., _RetValT], *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> _RetValT:
+        self.begin()
+
+        retry_state = RetryCallState(retry_object=self, fn=fn, args=args, kwargs=kwargs)
+        while True:
+            do = self.iter(retry_state=retry_state)
+            if isinstance(do, DoAttempt):
+                try:
+                    result = fn(*args, **kwargs)
+                except BaseException:  # noqa: B902
+                    retry_state.set_exception(sys.exc_info())
+                else:
+                    retry_state.set_result(result)
+            elif isinstance(do, DoSleep):
+                retry_state.prepare_for_next_attempt()
+                self.sleep(do)
+            else:
+                return do
+
+
+class Future(futures.Future):
+    """Encapsulates a (future or past) attempted call to a target function."""
+
+    def __init__(self, attempt_number: int) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.attempt_number = attempt_number
+
+    @property
+    def failed(self) -> bool:
+        """Return whether a exception is being held in this future."""
+        return self.exception() is not None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def construct(cls, attempt_number: int, value: t.Any, has_exception: bool) -> "Future":
+        """Construct a new Future object."""
+        fut = cls(attempt_number)
+        if has_exception:
+            fut.set_exception(value)
+        else:
+            fut.set_result(value)
+        return fut
+
+
+class RetryCallState:
+    """State related to a single call wrapped with Retrying."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        retry_object: BaseRetrying,
+        fn: t.Optional[WrappedFn],
+        args: t.Any,
+        kwargs: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        #: Retry call start timestamp
+        self.start_time = time.monotonic()
+        #: Retry manager object
+        self.retry_object = retry_object
+        #: Function wrapped by this retry call
+        self.fn = fn
+        #: Arguments of the function wrapped by this retry call
+        self.args = args
+        #: Keyword arguments of the function wrapped by this retry call
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
+
+        #: The number of the current attempt
+        self.attempt_number: int = 1
+        #: Last outcome (result or exception) produced by the function
+        self.outcome: t.Optional[Future] = None
+        #: Timestamp of the last outcome
+        self.outcome_timestamp: t.Optional[float] = None
+        #: Time spent sleeping in retries
+        self.idle_for: float = 0.0
+        #: Next action as decided by the retry manager
+        self.next_action: t.Optional[RetryAction] = None
+
+    @property
+    def seconds_since_start(self) -> t.Optional[float]:
+        if self.outcome_timestamp is None:
+            return None
+        return self.outcome_timestamp - self.start_time
+
+    def prepare_for_next_attempt(self) -> None:
+        self.outcome = None
+        self.outcome_timestamp = None
+        self.attempt_number += 1
+        self.next_action = None
+
+    def set_result(self, val: t.Any) -> None:
+        ts = time.monotonic()
+        fut = Future(self.attempt_number)
+        fut.set_result(val)
+        self.outcome, self.outcome_timestamp = fut, ts
+
+    def set_exception(self, exc_info: t.Tuple[t.Type[BaseException], BaseException, "types.TracebackType"]) -> None:
+        ts = time.monotonic()
+        fut = Future(self.attempt_number)
+        fut.set_exception(exc_info[1])
+        self.outcome, self.outcome_timestamp = fut, ts
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.outcome is None:
+            result = "none yet"
+        elif self.outcome.failed:
+            exception = self.outcome.exception()
+            result = f"failed ({exception.__class__.__name__} {exception})"
+        else:
+            result = f"returned {self.outcome.result()}"
+
+        slept = float(round(self.idle_for, 2))
+        clsname = self.__class__.__name__
+        return f"<{clsname} {id(self)}: attempt #{self.attempt_number}; slept for {slept}; last result: {result}>"
+
+
+from pip._vendor.tenacity._asyncio import AsyncRetrying  # noqa:E402,I100
+
+if tornado:
+    from pip._vendor.tenacity.tornadoweb import TornadoRetrying
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/_asyncio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/_asyncio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f32b5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/_asyncio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# Copyright 2016 Étienne Bersac
+# Copyright 2016 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import functools
+import sys
+import typing
+from asyncio import sleep
+
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import AttemptManager
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import BaseRetrying
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import DoAttempt
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import DoSleep
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import RetryCallState
+
+WrappedFn = typing.TypeVar("WrappedFn", bound=typing.Callable)
+_RetValT = typing.TypeVar("_RetValT")
+
+
+class AsyncRetrying(BaseRetrying):
+    def __init__(self, sleep: typing.Callable[[float], typing.Awaitable] = sleep, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+        self.sleep = sleep
+
+    async def __call__(  # type: ignore  # Change signature from supertype
+        self,
+        fn: typing.Callable[..., typing.Awaitable[_RetValT]],
+        *args: typing.Any,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> _RetValT:
+        self.begin()
+
+        retry_state = RetryCallState(retry_object=self, fn=fn, args=args, kwargs=kwargs)
+        while True:
+            do = self.iter(retry_state=retry_state)
+            if isinstance(do, DoAttempt):
+                try:
+                    result = await fn(*args, **kwargs)
+                except BaseException:  # noqa: B902
+                    retry_state.set_exception(sys.exc_info())
+                else:
+                    retry_state.set_result(result)
+            elif isinstance(do, DoSleep):
+                retry_state.prepare_for_next_attempt()
+                await self.sleep(do)
+            else:
+                return do
+
+    def __aiter__(self) -> "AsyncRetrying":
+        self.begin()
+        self._retry_state = RetryCallState(self, fn=None, args=(), kwargs={})
+        return self
+
+    async def __anext__(self) -> typing.Union[AttemptManager, typing.Any]:
+        while True:
+            do = self.iter(retry_state=self._retry_state)
+            if do is None:
+                raise StopAsyncIteration
+            elif isinstance(do, DoAttempt):
+                return AttemptManager(retry_state=self._retry_state)
+            elif isinstance(do, DoSleep):
+                self._retry_state.prepare_for_next_attempt()
+                await self.sleep(do)
+            else:
+                return do
+
+    def wraps(self, fn: WrappedFn) -> WrappedFn:
+        fn = super().wraps(fn)
+        # Ensure wrapper is recognized as a coroutine function.
+
+        @functools.wraps(fn)
+        async def async_wrapped(*args: typing.Any, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> typing.Any:
+            return await fn(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        # Preserve attributes
+        async_wrapped.retry = fn.retry
+        async_wrapped.retry_with = fn.retry_with
+
+        return async_wrapped
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/_utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5c4c9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Copyright 2016 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import sys
+import typing
+
+
+# sys.maxsize:
+# An integer giving the maximum value a variable of type Py_ssize_t can take.
+MAX_WAIT = sys.maxsize / 2
+
+
+def find_ordinal(pos_num: int) -> str:
+    # See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_numerals#Ordinal_numbers
+    if pos_num == 0:
+        return "th"
+    elif pos_num == 1:
+        return "st"
+    elif pos_num == 2:
+        return "nd"
+    elif pos_num == 3:
+        return "rd"
+    elif 4 <= pos_num <= 20:
+        return "th"
+    else:
+        return find_ordinal(pos_num % 10)
+
+
+def to_ordinal(pos_num: int) -> str:
+    return f"{pos_num}{find_ordinal(pos_num)}"
+
+
+def get_callback_name(cb: typing.Callable[..., typing.Any]) -> str:
+    """Get a callback fully-qualified name.
+
+    If no name can be produced ``repr(cb)`` is called and returned.
+    """
+    segments = []
+    try:
+        segments.append(cb.__qualname__)
+    except AttributeError:
+        try:
+            segments.append(cb.__name__)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+    if not segments:
+        return repr(cb)
+    else:
+        try:
+            # When running under sphinx it appears this can be none?
+            if cb.__module__:
+                segments.insert(0, cb.__module__)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        return ".".join(segments)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/after.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/after.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c056700
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/after.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Copyright 2016 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import typing
+
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import _utils
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import logging
+
+    from pip._vendor.tenacity import RetryCallState
+
+
+def after_nothing(retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> None:
+    """After call strategy that does nothing."""
+
+
+def after_log(
+    logger: "logging.Logger",
+    log_level: int,
+    sec_format: str = "%0.3f",
+) -> typing.Callable[["RetryCallState"], None]:
+    """After call strategy that logs to some logger the finished attempt."""
+
+    def log_it(retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> None:
+        logger.log(
+            log_level,
+            f"Finished call to '{_utils.get_callback_name(retry_state.fn)}' "
+            f"after {sec_format % retry_state.seconds_since_start}(s), "
+            f"this was the {_utils.to_ordinal(retry_state.attempt_number)} time calling it.",
+        )
+
+    return log_it
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/before.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/before.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a72c2c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/before.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# Copyright 2016 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import typing
+
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import _utils
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import logging
+
+    from pip._vendor.tenacity import RetryCallState
+
+
+def before_nothing(retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> None:
+    """Before call strategy that does nothing."""
+
+
+def before_log(logger: "logging.Logger", log_level: int) -> typing.Callable[["RetryCallState"], None]:
+    """Before call strategy that logs to some logger the attempt."""
+
+    def log_it(retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> None:
+        logger.log(
+            log_level,
+            f"Starting call to '{_utils.get_callback_name(retry_state.fn)}', "
+            f"this is the {_utils.to_ordinal(retry_state.attempt_number)} time calling it.",
+        )
+
+    return log_it
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/before_sleep.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/before_sleep.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b35564f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/before_sleep.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# Copyright 2016 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import typing
+
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import _utils
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import logging
+
+    from pip._vendor.tenacity import RetryCallState
+
+
+def before_sleep_nothing(retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> None:
+    """Before call strategy that does nothing."""
+
+
+def before_sleep_log(
+    logger: "logging.Logger",
+    log_level: int,
+    exc_info: bool = False,
+) -> typing.Callable[["RetryCallState"], None]:
+    """Before call strategy that logs to some logger the attempt."""
+
+    def log_it(retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> None:
+        if retry_state.outcome.failed:
+            ex = retry_state.outcome.exception()
+            verb, value = "raised", f"{ex.__class__.__name__}: {ex}"
+
+            if exc_info:
+                local_exc_info = retry_state.outcome.exception()
+            else:
+                local_exc_info = False
+        else:
+            verb, value = "returned", retry_state.outcome.result()
+            local_exc_info = False  # exc_info does not apply when no exception
+
+        logger.log(
+            log_level,
+            f"Retrying {_utils.get_callback_name(retry_state.fn)} "
+            f"in {retry_state.next_action.sleep} seconds as it {verb} {value}.",
+            exc_info=local_exc_info,
+        )
+
+    return log_it
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/nap.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/nap.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72aa5bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/nap.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Copyright 2016 Étienne Bersac
+# Copyright 2016 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import time
+import typing
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import threading
+
+
+def sleep(seconds: float) -> None:
+    """
+    Sleep strategy that delays execution for a given number of seconds.
+
+    This is the default strategy, and may be mocked out for unit testing.
+    """
+    time.sleep(seconds)
+
+
+class sleep_using_event:
+    """Sleep strategy that waits on an event to be set."""
+
+    def __init__(self, event: "threading.Event") -> None:
+        self.event = event
+
+    def __call__(self, timeout: typing.Optional[float]) -> None:
+        # NOTE(harlowja): this may *not* actually wait for timeout
+        # seconds if the event is set (ie this may eject out early).
+        self.event.wait(timeout=timeout)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/retry.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/retry.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d727e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/retry.py
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+# Copyright 2016–2021 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import abc
+import re
+import typing
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._vendor.tenacity import RetryCallState
+
+
+class retry_base(abc.ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for retry strategies."""
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        pass
+
+    def __and__(self, other: "retry_base") -> "retry_all":
+        return retry_all(self, other)
+
+    def __or__(self, other: "retry_base") -> "retry_any":
+        return retry_any(self, other)
+
+
+class _retry_never(retry_base):
+    """Retry strategy that never rejects any result."""
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return False
+
+
+retry_never = _retry_never()
+
+
+class _retry_always(retry_base):
+    """Retry strategy that always rejects any result."""
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return True
+
+
+retry_always = _retry_always()
+
+
+class retry_if_exception(retry_base):
+    """Retry strategy that retries if an exception verifies a predicate."""
+
+    def __init__(self, predicate: typing.Callable[[BaseException], bool]) -> None:
+        self.predicate = predicate
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        if retry_state.outcome.failed:
+            return self.predicate(retry_state.outcome.exception())
+        else:
+            return False
+
+
+class retry_if_exception_type(retry_if_exception):
+    """Retries if an exception has been raised of one or more types."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        exception_types: typing.Union[
+            typing.Type[BaseException],
+            typing.Tuple[typing.Type[BaseException], ...],
+        ] = Exception,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.exception_types = exception_types
+        super().__init__(lambda e: isinstance(e, exception_types))
+
+
+class retry_if_not_exception_type(retry_if_exception):
+    """Retries except an exception has been raised of one or more types."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        exception_types: typing.Union[
+            typing.Type[BaseException],
+            typing.Tuple[typing.Type[BaseException], ...],
+        ] = Exception,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.exception_types = exception_types
+        super().__init__(lambda e: not isinstance(e, exception_types))
+
+
+class retry_unless_exception_type(retry_if_exception):
+    """Retries until an exception is raised of one or more types."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        exception_types: typing.Union[
+            typing.Type[BaseException],
+            typing.Tuple[typing.Type[BaseException], ...],
+        ] = Exception,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.exception_types = exception_types
+        super().__init__(lambda e: not isinstance(e, exception_types))
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        # always retry if no exception was raised
+        if not retry_state.outcome.failed:
+            return True
+        return self.predicate(retry_state.outcome.exception())
+
+
+class retry_if_result(retry_base):
+    """Retries if the result verifies a predicate."""
+
+    def __init__(self, predicate: typing.Callable[[typing.Any], bool]) -> None:
+        self.predicate = predicate
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        if not retry_state.outcome.failed:
+            return self.predicate(retry_state.outcome.result())
+        else:
+            return False
+
+
+class retry_if_not_result(retry_base):
+    """Retries if the result refutes a predicate."""
+
+    def __init__(self, predicate: typing.Callable[[typing.Any], bool]) -> None:
+        self.predicate = predicate
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        if not retry_state.outcome.failed:
+            return not self.predicate(retry_state.outcome.result())
+        else:
+            return False
+
+
+class retry_if_exception_message(retry_if_exception):
+    """Retries if an exception message equals or matches."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+        match: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if message and match:
+            raise TypeError(f"{self.__class__.__name__}() takes either 'message' or 'match', not both")
+
+        # set predicate
+        if message:
+
+            def message_fnc(exception: BaseException) -> bool:
+                return message == str(exception)
+
+            predicate = message_fnc
+        elif match:
+            prog = re.compile(match)
+
+            def match_fnc(exception: BaseException) -> bool:
+                return bool(prog.match(str(exception)))
+
+            predicate = match_fnc
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f"{self.__class__.__name__}() missing 1 required argument 'message' or 'match'")
+
+        super().__init__(predicate)
+
+
+class retry_if_not_exception_message(retry_if_exception_message):
+    """Retries until an exception message equals or matches."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+        match: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message, match)
+        # invert predicate
+        if_predicate = self.predicate
+        self.predicate = lambda *args_, **kwargs_: not if_predicate(*args_, **kwargs_)
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        if not retry_state.outcome.failed:
+            return True
+        return self.predicate(retry_state.outcome.exception())
+
+
+class retry_any(retry_base):
+    """Retries if any of the retries condition is valid."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *retries: retry_base) -> None:
+        self.retries = retries
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return any(r(retry_state) for r in self.retries)
+
+
+class retry_all(retry_base):
+    """Retries if all the retries condition are valid."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *retries: retry_base) -> None:
+        self.retries = retries
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return all(r(retry_state) for r in self.retries)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/stop.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/stop.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..faaae9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/stop.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+# Copyright 2016–2021 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+import abc
+import typing
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import threading
+
+    from pip._vendor.tenacity import RetryCallState
+
+
+class stop_base(abc.ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for stop strategies."""
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        pass
+
+    def __and__(self, other: "stop_base") -> "stop_all":
+        return stop_all(self, other)
+
+    def __or__(self, other: "stop_base") -> "stop_any":
+        return stop_any(self, other)
+
+
+class stop_any(stop_base):
+    """Stop if any of the stop condition is valid."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *stops: stop_base) -> None:
+        self.stops = stops
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return any(x(retry_state) for x in self.stops)
+
+
+class stop_all(stop_base):
+    """Stop if all the stop conditions are valid."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *stops: stop_base) -> None:
+        self.stops = stops
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return all(x(retry_state) for x in self.stops)
+
+
+class _stop_never(stop_base):
+    """Never stop."""
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return False
+
+
+stop_never = _stop_never()
+
+
+class stop_when_event_set(stop_base):
+    """Stop when the given event is set."""
+
+    def __init__(self, event: "threading.Event") -> None:
+        self.event = event
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return self.event.is_set()
+
+
+class stop_after_attempt(stop_base):
+    """Stop when the previous attempt >= max_attempt."""
+
+    def __init__(self, max_attempt_number: int) -> None:
+        self.max_attempt_number = max_attempt_number
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return retry_state.attempt_number >= self.max_attempt_number
+
+
+class stop_after_delay(stop_base):
+    """Stop when the time from the first attempt >= limit."""
+
+    def __init__(self, max_delay: float) -> None:
+        self.max_delay = max_delay
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> bool:
+        return retry_state.seconds_since_start >= self.max_delay
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/tornadoweb.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/tornadoweb.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f7731a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/tornadoweb.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# Copyright 2017 Elisey Zanko
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import sys
+import typing
+
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import BaseRetrying
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import DoAttempt
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import DoSleep
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import RetryCallState
+
+from tornado import gen
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from tornado.concurrent import Future
+
+_RetValT = typing.TypeVar("_RetValT")
+
+
+class TornadoRetrying(BaseRetrying):
+    def __init__(self, sleep: "typing.Callable[[float], Future[None]]" = gen.sleep, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+        self.sleep = sleep
+
+    @gen.coroutine
+    def __call__(  # type: ignore  # Change signature from supertype
+        self,
+        fn: "typing.Callable[..., typing.Union[typing.Generator[typing.Any, typing.Any, _RetValT], Future[_RetValT]]]",
+        *args: typing.Any,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> "typing.Generator[typing.Any, typing.Any, _RetValT]":
+        self.begin()
+
+        retry_state = RetryCallState(retry_object=self, fn=fn, args=args, kwargs=kwargs)
+        while True:
+            do = self.iter(retry_state=retry_state)
+            if isinstance(do, DoAttempt):
+                try:
+                    result = yield fn(*args, **kwargs)
+                except BaseException:  # noqa: B902
+                    retry_state.set_exception(sys.exc_info())
+                else:
+                    retry_state.set_result(result)
+            elif isinstance(do, DoSleep):
+                retry_state.prepare_for_next_attempt()
+                yield self.sleep(do)
+            else:
+                raise gen.Return(do)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/wait.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/wait.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ed97a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tenacity/wait.py
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+# Copyright 2016–2021 Julien Danjou
+# Copyright 2016 Joshua Harlow
+# Copyright 2013-2014 Ray Holder
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import abc
+import random
+import typing
+
+from pip._vendor.tenacity import _utils
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pip._vendor.tenacity import RetryCallState
+
+
+class wait_base(abc.ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for wait strategies."""
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> float:
+        pass
+
+    def __add__(self, other: "wait_base") -> "wait_combine":
+        return wait_combine(self, other)
+
+    def __radd__(self, other: "wait_base") -> typing.Union["wait_combine", "wait_base"]:
+        # make it possible to use multiple waits with the built-in sum function
+        if other == 0:
+            return self
+        return self.__add__(other)
+
+
+class wait_fixed(wait_base):
+    """Wait strategy that waits a fixed amount of time between each retry."""
+
+    def __init__(self, wait: float) -> None:
+        self.wait_fixed = wait
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> float:
+        return self.wait_fixed
+
+
+class wait_none(wait_fixed):
+    """Wait strategy that doesn't wait at all before retrying."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__(0)
+
+
+class wait_random(wait_base):
+    """Wait strategy that waits a random amount of time between min/max."""
+
+    def __init__(self, min: typing.Union[int, float] = 0, max: typing.Union[int, float] = 1) -> None:  # noqa
+        self.wait_random_min = min
+        self.wait_random_max = max
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> float:
+        return self.wait_random_min + (random.random() * (self.wait_random_max - self.wait_random_min))
+
+
+class wait_combine(wait_base):
+    """Combine several waiting strategies."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *strategies: wait_base) -> None:
+        self.wait_funcs = strategies
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> float:
+        return sum(x(retry_state=retry_state) for x in self.wait_funcs)
+
+
+class wait_chain(wait_base):
+    """Chain two or more waiting strategies.
+
+    If all strategies are exhausted, the very last strategy is used
+    thereafter.
+
+    For example::
+
+        @retry(wait=wait_chain(*[wait_fixed(1) for i in range(3)] +
+                               [wait_fixed(2) for j in range(5)] +
+                               [wait_fixed(5) for k in range(4)))
+        def wait_chained():
+            print("Wait 1s for 3 attempts, 2s for 5 attempts and 5s
+                   thereafter.")
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *strategies: wait_base) -> None:
+        self.strategies = strategies
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> float:
+        wait_func_no = min(max(retry_state.attempt_number, 1), len(self.strategies))
+        wait_func = self.strategies[wait_func_no - 1]
+        return wait_func(retry_state=retry_state)
+
+
+class wait_incrementing(wait_base):
+    """Wait an incremental amount of time after each attempt.
+
+    Starting at a starting value and incrementing by a value for each attempt
+    (and restricting the upper limit to some maximum value).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        start: typing.Union[int, float] = 0,
+        increment: typing.Union[int, float] = 100,
+        max: typing.Union[int, float] = _utils.MAX_WAIT,  # noqa
+    ) -> None:
+        self.start = start
+        self.increment = increment
+        self.max = max
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> float:
+        result = self.start + (self.increment * (retry_state.attempt_number - 1))
+        return max(0, min(result, self.max))
+
+
+class wait_exponential(wait_base):
+    """Wait strategy that applies exponential backoff.
+
+    It allows for a customized multiplier and an ability to restrict the
+    upper and lower limits to some maximum and minimum value.
+
+    The intervals are fixed (i.e. there is no jitter), so this strategy is
+    suitable for balancing retries against latency when a required resource is
+    unavailable for an unknown duration, but *not* suitable for resolving
+    contention between multiple processes for a shared resource. Use
+    wait_random_exponential for the latter case.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        multiplier: typing.Union[int, float] = 1,
+        max: typing.Union[int, float] = _utils.MAX_WAIT,  # noqa
+        exp_base: typing.Union[int, float] = 2,
+        min: typing.Union[int, float] = 0,  # noqa
+    ) -> None:
+        self.multiplier = multiplier
+        self.min = min
+        self.max = max
+        self.exp_base = exp_base
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> float:
+        try:
+            exp = self.exp_base ** (retry_state.attempt_number - 1)
+            result = self.multiplier * exp
+        except OverflowError:
+            return self.max
+        return max(max(0, self.min), min(result, self.max))
+
+
+class wait_random_exponential(wait_exponential):
+    """Random wait with exponentially widening window.
+
+    An exponential backoff strategy used to mediate contention between multiple
+    uncoordinated processes for a shared resource in distributed systems. This
+    is the sense in which "exponential backoff" is meant in e.g. Ethernet
+    networking, and corresponds to the "Full Jitter" algorithm described in
+    this blog post:
+
+    https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/architecture/exponential-backoff-and-jitter/
+
+    Each retry occurs at a random time in a geometrically expanding interval.
+    It allows for a custom multiplier and an ability to restrict the upper
+    limit of the random interval to some maximum value.
+
+    Example::
+
+        wait_random_exponential(multiplier=0.5,  # initial window 0.5s
+                                max=60)          # max 60s timeout
+
+    When waiting for an unavailable resource to become available again, as
+    opposed to trying to resolve contention for a shared resource, the
+    wait_exponential strategy (which uses a fixed interval) may be preferable.
+
+    """
+
+    def __call__(self, retry_state: "RetryCallState") -> float:
+        high = super().__call__(retry_state=retry_state)
+        return random.uniform(0, high)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tomli/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tomli/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cd8e07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tomli/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""A lil' TOML parser."""
+
+__all__ = ("loads", "load", "TOMLDecodeError")
+__version__ = "1.0.3"  # DO NOT EDIT THIS LINE MANUALLY. LET bump2version UTILITY DO IT
+
+from pip._vendor.tomli._parser import TOMLDecodeError, load, loads
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tomli/_parser.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tomli/_parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..730a746
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tomli/_parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,703 @@
+import string
+from types import MappingProxyType
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    FrozenSet,
+    Iterable,
+    Optional,
+    TextIO,
+    Tuple,
+)
+
+from pip._vendor.tomli._re import (
+    RE_BIN,
+    RE_DATETIME,
+    RE_HEX,
+    RE_LOCALTIME,
+    RE_NUMBER,
+    RE_OCT,
+    match_to_datetime,
+    match_to_localtime,
+    match_to_number,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from re import Pattern
+
+
+ASCII_CTRL = frozenset(chr(i) for i in range(32)) | frozenset(chr(127))
+
+# Neither of these sets include quotation mark or backslash. They are
+# currently handled as separate cases in the parser functions.
+ILLEGAL_BASIC_STR_CHARS = ASCII_CTRL - frozenset("\t")
+ILLEGAL_MULTILINE_BASIC_STR_CHARS = ASCII_CTRL - frozenset("\t\n\r")
+
+ILLEGAL_LITERAL_STR_CHARS = ILLEGAL_BASIC_STR_CHARS
+ILLEGAL_MULTILINE_LITERAL_STR_CHARS = ASCII_CTRL - frozenset("\t\n")
+
+ILLEGAL_COMMENT_CHARS = ILLEGAL_BASIC_STR_CHARS
+
+TOML_WS = frozenset(" \t")
+TOML_WS_AND_NEWLINE = TOML_WS | frozenset("\n")
+BARE_KEY_CHARS = frozenset(string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "-_")
+KEY_INITIAL_CHARS = BARE_KEY_CHARS | frozenset("\"'")
+
+BASIC_STR_ESCAPE_REPLACEMENTS = MappingProxyType(
+    {
+        "\\b": "\u0008",  # backspace
+        "\\t": "\u0009",  # tab
+        "\\n": "\u000A",  # linefeed
+        "\\f": "\u000C",  # form feed
+        "\\r": "\u000D",  # carriage return
+        '\\"': "\u0022",  # quote
+        "\\\\": "\u005C",  # backslash
+    }
+)
+
+# Type annotations
+ParseFloat = Callable[[str], Any]
+Key = Tuple[str, ...]
+Pos = int
+
+
+class TOMLDecodeError(ValueError):
+    """An error raised if a document is not valid TOML."""
+
+
+def load(fp: TextIO, *, parse_float: ParseFloat = float) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Parse TOML from a file object."""
+    s = fp.read()
+    return loads(s, parse_float=parse_float)
+
+
+def loads(s: str, *, parse_float: ParseFloat = float) -> Dict[str, Any]:  # noqa: C901
+    """Parse TOML from a string."""
+
+    # The spec allows converting "\r\n" to "\n", even in string
+    # literals. Let's do so to simplify parsing.
+    src = s.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+    pos = 0
+    state = State()
+
+    # Parse one statement at a time
+    # (typically means one line in TOML source)
+    while True:
+        # 1. Skip line leading whitespace
+        pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+
+        # 2. Parse rules. Expect one of the following:
+        #    - end of file
+        #    - end of line
+        #    - comment
+        #    - key/value pair
+        #    - append dict to list (and move to its namespace)
+        #    - create dict (and move to its namespace)
+        # Skip trailing whitespace when applicable.
+        try:
+            char = src[pos]
+        except IndexError:
+            break
+        if char == "\n":
+            pos += 1
+            continue
+        if char in KEY_INITIAL_CHARS:
+            pos = key_value_rule(src, pos, state, parse_float)
+            pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+        elif char == "[":
+            try:
+                second_char: Optional[str] = src[pos + 1]
+            except IndexError:
+                second_char = None
+            if second_char == "[":
+                pos = create_list_rule(src, pos, state)
+            else:
+                pos = create_dict_rule(src, pos, state)
+            pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+        elif char != "#":
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Invalid statement")
+
+        # 3. Skip comment
+        pos = skip_comment(src, pos)
+
+        # 4. Expect end of line or end of file
+        try:
+            char = src[pos]
+        except IndexError:
+            break
+        if char != "\n":
+            raise suffixed_err(
+                src, pos, "Expected newline or end of document after a statement"
+            )
+        pos += 1
+
+    return state.out.dict
+
+
+class State:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        # Mutable, read-only
+        self.out = NestedDict()
+        self.flags = Flags()
+
+        # Immutable, read and write
+        self.header_namespace: Key = ()
+
+
+class Flags:
+    """Flags that map to parsed keys/namespaces."""
+
+    # Marks an immutable namespace (inline array or inline table).
+    FROZEN = 0
+    # Marks a nest that has been explicitly created and can no longer
+    # be opened using the "[table]" syntax.
+    EXPLICIT_NEST = 1
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._flags: Dict[str, dict] = {}
+
+    def unset_all(self, key: Key) -> None:
+        cont = self._flags
+        for k in key[:-1]:
+            if k not in cont:
+                return
+            cont = cont[k]["nested"]
+        cont.pop(key[-1], None)
+
+    def set_for_relative_key(self, head_key: Key, rel_key: Key, flag: int) -> None:
+        cont = self._flags
+        for k in head_key:
+            if k not in cont:
+                cont[k] = {"flags": set(), "recursive_flags": set(), "nested": {}}
+            cont = cont[k]["nested"]
+        for k in rel_key:
+            if k in cont:
+                cont[k]["flags"].add(flag)
+            else:
+                cont[k] = {"flags": {flag}, "recursive_flags": set(), "nested": {}}
+            cont = cont[k]["nested"]
+
+    def set(self, key: Key, flag: int, *, recursive: bool) -> None:  # noqa: A003
+        cont = self._flags
+        key_parent, key_stem = key[:-1], key[-1]
+        for k in key_parent:
+            if k not in cont:
+                cont[k] = {"flags": set(), "recursive_flags": set(), "nested": {}}
+            cont = cont[k]["nested"]
+        if key_stem not in cont:
+            cont[key_stem] = {"flags": set(), "recursive_flags": set(), "nested": {}}
+        cont[key_stem]["recursive_flags" if recursive else "flags"].add(flag)
+
+    def is_(self, key: Key, flag: int) -> bool:
+        if not key:
+            return False  # document root has no flags
+        cont = self._flags
+        for k in key[:-1]:
+            if k not in cont:
+                return False
+            inner_cont = cont[k]
+            if flag in inner_cont["recursive_flags"]:
+                return True
+            cont = inner_cont["nested"]
+        key_stem = key[-1]
+        if key_stem in cont:
+            cont = cont[key_stem]
+            return flag in cont["flags"] or flag in cont["recursive_flags"]
+        return False
+
+
+class NestedDict:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        # The parsed content of the TOML document
+        self.dict: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+
+    def get_or_create_nest(
+        self,
+        key: Key,
+        *,
+        access_lists: bool = True,
+    ) -> dict:
+        cont: Any = self.dict
+        for k in key:
+            if k not in cont:
+                cont[k] = {}
+            cont = cont[k]
+            if access_lists and isinstance(cont, list):
+                cont = cont[-1]
+            if not isinstance(cont, dict):
+                raise KeyError("There is no nest behind this key")
+        return cont
+
+    def append_nest_to_list(self, key: Key) -> None:
+        cont = self.get_or_create_nest(key[:-1])
+        last_key = key[-1]
+        if last_key in cont:
+            list_ = cont[last_key]
+            if not isinstance(list_, list):
+                raise KeyError("An object other than list found behind this key")
+            list_.append({})
+        else:
+            cont[last_key] = [{}]
+
+
+def skip_chars(src: str, pos: Pos, chars: Iterable[str]) -> Pos:
+    try:
+        while src[pos] in chars:
+            pos += 1
+    except IndexError:
+        pass
+    return pos
+
+
+def skip_until(
+    src: str,
+    pos: Pos,
+    expect: str,
+    *,
+    error_on: FrozenSet[str],
+    error_on_eof: bool,
+) -> Pos:
+    try:
+        new_pos = src.index(expect, pos)
+    except ValueError:
+        new_pos = len(src)
+        if error_on_eof:
+            raise suffixed_err(src, new_pos, f'Expected "{expect!r}"')
+
+    bad_chars = error_on.intersection(src[pos:new_pos])
+    if bad_chars:
+        bad_char = next(iter(bad_chars))
+        bad_pos = src.index(bad_char, pos)
+        raise suffixed_err(src, bad_pos, f'Found invalid character "{bad_char!r}"')
+    return new_pos
+
+
+def skip_comment(src: str, pos: Pos) -> Pos:
+    try:
+        char: Optional[str] = src[pos]
+    except IndexError:
+        char = None
+    if char == "#":
+        return skip_until(
+            src, pos + 1, "\n", error_on=ILLEGAL_COMMENT_CHARS, error_on_eof=False
+        )
+    return pos
+
+
+def skip_comments_and_array_ws(src: str, pos: Pos) -> Pos:
+    while True:
+        pos_before_skip = pos
+        pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS_AND_NEWLINE)
+        pos = skip_comment(src, pos)
+        if pos == pos_before_skip:
+            return pos
+
+
+def create_dict_rule(src: str, pos: Pos, state: State) -> Pos:
+    pos += 1  # Skip "["
+    pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+    pos, key = parse_key(src, pos)
+
+    if state.flags.is_(key, Flags.EXPLICIT_NEST) or state.flags.is_(key, Flags.FROZEN):
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, f"Can not declare {key} twice")
+    state.flags.set(key, Flags.EXPLICIT_NEST, recursive=False)
+    try:
+        state.out.get_or_create_nest(key)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Can not overwrite a value")
+    state.header_namespace = key
+
+    if src[pos : pos + 1] != "]":
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, 'Expected "]" at the end of a table declaration')
+    return pos + 1
+
+
+def create_list_rule(src: str, pos: Pos, state: State) -> Pos:
+    pos += 2  # Skip "[["
+    pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+    pos, key = parse_key(src, pos)
+
+    if state.flags.is_(key, Flags.FROZEN):
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, f"Can not mutate immutable namespace {key}")
+    # Free the namespace now that it points to another empty list item...
+    state.flags.unset_all(key)
+    # ...but this key precisely is still prohibited from table declaration
+    state.flags.set(key, Flags.EXPLICIT_NEST, recursive=False)
+    try:
+        state.out.append_nest_to_list(key)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Can not overwrite a value")
+    state.header_namespace = key
+
+    end_marker = src[pos : pos + 2]
+    if end_marker != "]]":
+        raise suffixed_err(
+            src,
+            pos,
+            f'Found "{end_marker!r}" at the end of an array declaration.'
+            ' Expected "]]"',
+        )
+    return pos + 2
+
+
+def key_value_rule(src: str, pos: Pos, state: State, parse_float: ParseFloat) -> Pos:
+    pos, key, value = parse_key_value_pair(src, pos, parse_float)
+    key_parent, key_stem = key[:-1], key[-1]
+    abs_key_parent = state.header_namespace + key_parent
+
+    if state.flags.is_(abs_key_parent, Flags.FROZEN):
+        raise suffixed_err(
+            src, pos, f"Can not mutate immutable namespace {abs_key_parent}"
+        )
+    # Containers in the relative path can't be opened with the table syntax after this
+    state.flags.set_for_relative_key(state.header_namespace, key, Flags.EXPLICIT_NEST)
+    try:
+        nest = state.out.get_or_create_nest(abs_key_parent)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Can not overwrite a value")
+    if key_stem in nest:
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Can not overwrite a value")
+    # Mark inline table and array namespaces recursively immutable
+    if isinstance(value, (dict, list)):
+        abs_key = state.header_namespace + key
+        state.flags.set(abs_key, Flags.FROZEN, recursive=True)
+    nest[key_stem] = value
+    return pos
+
+
+def parse_key_value_pair(
+    src: str, pos: Pos, parse_float: ParseFloat
+) -> Tuple[Pos, Key, Any]:
+    pos, key = parse_key(src, pos)
+    try:
+        char: Optional[str] = src[pos]
+    except IndexError:
+        char = None
+    if char != "=":
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, 'Expected "=" after a key in a key/value pair')
+    pos += 1
+    pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+    pos, value = parse_value(src, pos, parse_float)
+    return pos, key, value
+
+
+def parse_key(src: str, pos: Pos) -> Tuple[Pos, Key]:
+    pos, key_part = parse_key_part(src, pos)
+    key = [key_part]
+    pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+    while True:
+        try:
+            char: Optional[str] = src[pos]
+        except IndexError:
+            char = None
+        if char != ".":
+            return pos, tuple(key)
+        pos += 1
+        pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+        pos, key_part = parse_key_part(src, pos)
+        key.append(key_part)
+        pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+
+
+def parse_key_part(src: str, pos: Pos) -> Tuple[Pos, str]:
+    try:
+        char: Optional[str] = src[pos]
+    except IndexError:
+        char = None
+    if char in BARE_KEY_CHARS:
+        start_pos = pos
+        pos = skip_chars(src, pos, BARE_KEY_CHARS)
+        return pos, src[start_pos:pos]
+    if char == "'":
+        return parse_literal_str(src, pos)
+    if char == '"':
+        return parse_one_line_basic_str(src, pos)
+    raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Invalid initial character for a key part")
+
+
+def parse_one_line_basic_str(src: str, pos: Pos) -> Tuple[Pos, str]:
+    pos += 1
+    return parse_basic_str(src, pos, multiline=False)
+
+
+def parse_array(src: str, pos: Pos, parse_float: ParseFloat) -> Tuple[Pos, list]:
+    pos += 1
+    array: list = []
+
+    pos = skip_comments_and_array_ws(src, pos)
+    if src[pos : pos + 1] == "]":
+        return pos + 1, array
+    while True:
+        pos, val = parse_value(src, pos, parse_float)
+        array.append(val)
+        pos = skip_comments_and_array_ws(src, pos)
+
+        c = src[pos : pos + 1]
+        if c == "]":
+            return pos + 1, array
+        if c != ",":
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Unclosed array")
+        pos += 1
+
+        pos = skip_comments_and_array_ws(src, pos)
+        if src[pos : pos + 1] == "]":
+            return pos + 1, array
+
+
+def parse_inline_table(src: str, pos: Pos, parse_float: ParseFloat) -> Tuple[Pos, dict]:
+    pos += 1
+    nested_dict = NestedDict()
+    flags = Flags()
+
+    pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+    if src[pos : pos + 1] == "}":
+        return pos + 1, nested_dict.dict
+    while True:
+        pos, key, value = parse_key_value_pair(src, pos, parse_float)
+        key_parent, key_stem = key[:-1], key[-1]
+        if flags.is_(key, Flags.FROZEN):
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, f"Can not mutate immutable namespace {key}")
+        try:
+            nest = nested_dict.get_or_create_nest(key_parent, access_lists=False)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Can not overwrite a value")
+        if key_stem in nest:
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, f'Duplicate inline table key "{key_stem}"')
+        nest[key_stem] = value
+        pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+        c = src[pos : pos + 1]
+        if c == "}":
+            return pos + 1, nested_dict.dict
+        if c != ",":
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Unclosed inline table")
+        if isinstance(value, (dict, list)):
+            flags.set(key, Flags.FROZEN, recursive=True)
+        pos += 1
+        pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+
+
+def parse_basic_str_escape(
+    src: str, pos: Pos, *, multiline: bool = False
+) -> Tuple[Pos, str]:
+    escape_id = src[pos : pos + 2]
+    pos += 2
+    if multiline and escape_id in {"\\ ", "\\\t", "\\\n"}:
+        # Skip whitespace until next non-whitespace character or end of
+        # the doc. Error if non-whitespace is found before newline.
+        if escape_id != "\\\n":
+            pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS)
+            char = src[pos : pos + 1]
+            if not char:
+                return pos, ""
+            if char != "\n":
+                raise suffixed_err(src, pos, 'Unescaped "\\" in a string')
+            pos += 1
+        pos = skip_chars(src, pos, TOML_WS_AND_NEWLINE)
+        return pos, ""
+    if escape_id == "\\u":
+        return parse_hex_char(src, pos, 4)
+    if escape_id == "\\U":
+        return parse_hex_char(src, pos, 8)
+    try:
+        return pos, BASIC_STR_ESCAPE_REPLACEMENTS[escape_id]
+    except KeyError:
+        if len(escape_id) != 2:
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Unterminated string")
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, 'Unescaped "\\" in a string')
+
+
+def parse_basic_str_escape_multiline(src: str, pos: Pos) -> Tuple[Pos, str]:
+    return parse_basic_str_escape(src, pos, multiline=True)
+
+
+def parse_hex_char(src: str, pos: Pos, hex_len: int) -> Tuple[Pos, str]:
+    hex_str = src[pos : pos + hex_len]
+    if len(hex_str) != hex_len or any(c not in string.hexdigits for c in hex_str):
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Invalid hex value")
+    pos += hex_len
+    hex_int = int(hex_str, 16)
+    if not is_unicode_scalar_value(hex_int):
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Escaped character is not a Unicode scalar value")
+    return pos, chr(hex_int)
+
+
+def parse_literal_str(src: str, pos: Pos) -> Tuple[Pos, str]:
+    pos += 1  # Skip starting apostrophe
+    start_pos = pos
+    pos = skip_until(
+        src, pos, "'", error_on=ILLEGAL_LITERAL_STR_CHARS, error_on_eof=True
+    )
+    return pos + 1, src[start_pos:pos]  # Skip ending apostrophe
+
+
+def parse_multiline_str(src: str, pos: Pos, *, literal: bool) -> Tuple[Pos, str]:
+    pos += 3
+    if src[pos : pos + 1] == "\n":
+        pos += 1
+
+    if literal:
+        delim = "'"
+        end_pos = skip_until(
+            src,
+            pos,
+            "'''",
+            error_on=ILLEGAL_MULTILINE_LITERAL_STR_CHARS,
+            error_on_eof=True,
+        )
+        result = src[pos:end_pos]
+        pos = end_pos + 3
+    else:
+        delim = '"'
+        pos, result = parse_basic_str(src, pos, multiline=True)
+
+    # Add at maximum two extra apostrophes/quotes if the end sequence
+    # is 4 or 5 chars long instead of just 3.
+    if src[pos : pos + 1] != delim:
+        return pos, result
+    pos += 1
+    if src[pos : pos + 1] != delim:
+        return pos, result + delim
+    pos += 1
+    return pos, result + (delim * 2)
+
+
+def parse_basic_str(src: str, pos: Pos, *, multiline: bool) -> Tuple[Pos, str]:
+    if multiline:
+        error_on = ILLEGAL_MULTILINE_BASIC_STR_CHARS
+        parse_escapes = parse_basic_str_escape_multiline
+    else:
+        error_on = ILLEGAL_BASIC_STR_CHARS
+        parse_escapes = parse_basic_str_escape
+    result = ""
+    start_pos = pos
+    while True:
+        try:
+            char = src[pos]
+        except IndexError:
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Unterminated string")
+        if char == '"':
+            if not multiline:
+                return pos + 1, result + src[start_pos:pos]
+            if src[pos + 1 : pos + 3] == '""':
+                return pos + 3, result + src[start_pos:pos]
+            pos += 1
+            continue
+        if char == "\\":
+            result += src[start_pos:pos]
+            pos, parsed_escape = parse_escapes(src, pos)
+            result += parsed_escape
+            start_pos = pos
+            continue
+        if char in error_on:
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, f'Illegal character "{char!r}"')
+        pos += 1
+
+
+def parse_regex(src: str, pos: Pos, regex: "Pattern") -> Tuple[Pos, str]:
+    match = regex.match(src, pos)
+    if not match:
+        raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Unexpected sequence")
+    return match.end(), match.group()
+
+
+def parse_value(  # noqa: C901
+    src: str, pos: Pos, parse_float: ParseFloat
+) -> Tuple[Pos, Any]:
+    try:
+        char: Optional[str] = src[pos]
+    except IndexError:
+        char = None
+
+    # Basic strings
+    if char == '"':
+        if src[pos + 1 : pos + 3] == '""':
+            return parse_multiline_str(src, pos, literal=False)
+        return parse_one_line_basic_str(src, pos)
+
+    # Literal strings
+    if char == "'":
+        if src[pos + 1 : pos + 3] == "''":
+            return parse_multiline_str(src, pos, literal=True)
+        return parse_literal_str(src, pos)
+
+    # Booleans
+    if char == "t":
+        if src[pos + 1 : pos + 4] == "rue":
+            return pos + 4, True
+    if char == "f":
+        if src[pos + 1 : pos + 5] == "alse":
+            return pos + 5, False
+
+    # Dates and times
+    datetime_match = RE_DATETIME.match(src, pos)
+    if datetime_match:
+        try:
+            datetime_obj = match_to_datetime(datetime_match)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Invalid date or datetime")
+        return datetime_match.end(), datetime_obj
+    localtime_match = RE_LOCALTIME.match(src, pos)
+    if localtime_match:
+        return localtime_match.end(), match_to_localtime(localtime_match)
+
+    # Non-decimal integers
+    if char == "0":
+        second_char = src[pos + 1 : pos + 2]
+        if second_char == "x":
+            pos, hex_str = parse_regex(src, pos + 2, RE_HEX)
+            return pos, int(hex_str, 16)
+        if second_char == "o":
+            pos, oct_str = parse_regex(src, pos + 2, RE_OCT)
+            return pos, int(oct_str, 8)
+        if second_char == "b":
+            pos, bin_str = parse_regex(src, pos + 2, RE_BIN)
+            return pos, int(bin_str, 2)
+
+    # Decimal integers and "normal" floats.
+    # The regex will greedily match any type starting with a decimal
+    # char, so needs to be located after handling of non-decimal ints,
+    # and dates and times.
+    number_match = RE_NUMBER.match(src, pos)
+    if number_match:
+        return number_match.end(), match_to_number(number_match, parse_float)
+
+    # Arrays
+    if char == "[":
+        return parse_array(src, pos, parse_float)
+
+    # Inline tables
+    if char == "{":
+        return parse_inline_table(src, pos, parse_float)
+
+    # Special floats
+    first_three = src[pos : pos + 3]
+    if first_three in {"inf", "nan"}:
+        return pos + 3, parse_float(first_three)
+    first_four = src[pos : pos + 4]
+    if first_four in {"-inf", "+inf", "-nan", "+nan"}:
+        return pos + 4, parse_float(first_four)
+
+    raise suffixed_err(src, pos, "Invalid value")
+
+
+def suffixed_err(src: str, pos: Pos, msg: str) -> TOMLDecodeError:
+    """Return a `TOMLDecodeError` where error message is suffixed with
+    coordinates in source."""
+
+    def coord_repr(src: str, pos: Pos) -> str:
+        if pos >= len(src):
+            return "end of document"
+        line = src.count("\n", 0, pos) + 1
+        if line == 1:
+            column = pos + 1
+        else:
+            column = pos - src.rindex("\n", 0, pos)
+        return f"line {line}, column {column}"
+
+    return TOMLDecodeError(f"{msg} (at {coord_repr(src, pos)})")
+
+
+def is_unicode_scalar_value(codepoint: int) -> bool:
+    return (0 <= codepoint <= 55295) or (57344 <= codepoint <= 1114111)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tomli/_re.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tomli/_re.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3883fdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/tomli/_re.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+from datetime import date, datetime, time, timedelta, timezone, tzinfo
+import re
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, Union
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from re import Match
+
+    from pip._vendor.tomli._parser import ParseFloat
+
+# E.g.
+# - 00:32:00.999999
+# - 00:32:00
+_TIME_RE_STR = r"([01][0-9]|2[0-3]):([0-5][0-9]):([0-5][0-9])(\.[0-9]+)?"
+
+RE_HEX = re.compile(r"[0-9A-Fa-f](?:_?[0-9A-Fa-f])*")
+RE_BIN = re.compile(r"[01](?:_?[01])*")
+RE_OCT = re.compile(r"[0-7](?:_?[0-7])*")
+RE_NUMBER = re.compile(
+    r"[+-]?(?:0|[1-9](?:_?[0-9])*)"  # integer
+    + r"(?:\.[0-9](?:_?[0-9])*)?"  # optional fractional part
+    + r"(?:[eE][+-]?[0-9](?:_?[0-9])*)?"  # optional exponent part
+)
+RE_LOCALTIME = re.compile(_TIME_RE_STR)
+RE_DATETIME = re.compile(
+    r"([0-9]{4})-(0[1-9]|1[0-2])-(0[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-9]|3[01])"  # date, e.g. 1988-10-27
+    + r"(?:"
+    + r"[T ]"
+    + _TIME_RE_STR
+    + r"(?:(Z)|([+-])([01][0-9]|2[0-3]):([0-5][0-9]))?"  # time offset
+    + r")?"
+)
+
+
+def match_to_datetime(match: "Match") -> Union[datetime, date]:
+    """Convert a `RE_DATETIME` match to `datetime.datetime` or `datetime.date`.
+
+    Raises ValueError if the match does not correspond to a valid date
+    or datetime.
+    """
+    (
+        year_str,
+        month_str,
+        day_str,
+        hour_str,
+        minute_str,
+        sec_str,
+        micros_str,
+        zulu_time,
+        offset_dir_str,
+        offset_hour_str,
+        offset_minute_str,
+    ) = match.groups()
+    year, month, day = int(year_str), int(month_str), int(day_str)
+    if hour_str is None:
+        return date(year, month, day)
+    hour, minute, sec = int(hour_str), int(minute_str), int(sec_str)
+    micros = int(micros_str[1:].ljust(6, "0")[:6]) if micros_str else 0
+    if offset_dir_str:
+        offset_dir = 1 if offset_dir_str == "+" else -1
+        tz: Optional[tzinfo] = timezone(
+            timedelta(
+                hours=offset_dir * int(offset_hour_str),
+                minutes=offset_dir * int(offset_minute_str),
+            )
+        )
+    elif zulu_time:
+        tz = timezone.utc
+    else:  # local date-time
+        tz = None
+    return datetime(year, month, day, hour, minute, sec, micros, tzinfo=tz)
+
+
+def match_to_localtime(match: "Match") -> time:
+    hour_str, minute_str, sec_str, micros_str = match.groups()
+    micros = int(micros_str[1:].ljust(6, "0")[:6]) if micros_str else 0
+    return time(int(hour_str), int(minute_str), int(sec_str), micros)
+
+
+def match_to_number(match: "Match", parse_float: "ParseFloat") -> Any:
+    match_str = match.group()
+    if "." in match_str or "e" in match_str or "E" in match_str:
+        return parse_float(match_str)
+    return int(match_str)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/typing_extensions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/typing_extensions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f1c7aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/typing_extensions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2296 @@
+import abc
+import collections
+import collections.abc
+import operator
+import sys
+import typing
+
+# After PEP 560, internal typing API was substantially reworked.
+# This is especially important for Protocol class which uses internal APIs
+# quite extensively.
+PEP_560 = sys.version_info[:3] >= (3, 7, 0)
+
+if PEP_560:
+    GenericMeta = type
+else:
+    # 3.6
+    from typing import GenericMeta, _type_vars  # noqa
+
+# The two functions below are copies of typing internal helpers.
+# They are needed by _ProtocolMeta
+
+
+def _no_slots_copy(dct):
+    dict_copy = dict(dct)
+    if '__slots__' in dict_copy:
+        for slot in dict_copy['__slots__']:
+            dict_copy.pop(slot, None)
+    return dict_copy
+
+
+def _check_generic(cls, parameters):
+    if not cls.__parameters__:
+        raise TypeError(f"{cls} is not a generic class")
+    alen = len(parameters)
+    elen = len(cls.__parameters__)
+    if alen != elen:
+        raise TypeError(f"Too {'many' if alen > elen else 'few'} arguments for {cls};"
+                        f" actual {alen}, expected {elen}")
+
+
+# Please keep __all__ alphabetized within each category.
+__all__ = [
+    # Super-special typing primitives.
+    'ClassVar',
+    'Concatenate',
+    'Final',
+    'ParamSpec',
+    'Self',
+    'Type',
+
+    # ABCs (from collections.abc).
+    'Awaitable',
+    'AsyncIterator',
+    'AsyncIterable',
+    'Coroutine',
+    'AsyncGenerator',
+    'AsyncContextManager',
+    'ChainMap',
+
+    # Concrete collection types.
+    'ContextManager',
+    'Counter',
+    'Deque',
+    'DefaultDict',
+    'OrderedDict',
+    'TypedDict',
+
+    # Structural checks, a.k.a. protocols.
+    'SupportsIndex',
+
+    # One-off things.
+    'Annotated',
+    'final',
+    'IntVar',
+    'Literal',
+    'NewType',
+    'overload',
+    'Protocol',
+    'runtime',
+    'runtime_checkable',
+    'Text',
+    'TypeAlias',
+    'TypeGuard',
+    'TYPE_CHECKING',
+]
+
+if PEP_560:
+    __all__.extend(["get_args", "get_origin", "get_type_hints"])
+
+# 3.6.2+
+if hasattr(typing, 'NoReturn'):
+    NoReturn = typing.NoReturn
+# 3.6.0-3.6.1
+else:
+    class _NoReturn(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """Special type indicating functions that never return.
+        Example::
+
+          from typing import NoReturn
+
+          def stop() -> NoReturn:
+              raise Exception('no way')
+
+        This type is invalid in other positions, e.g., ``List[NoReturn]``
+        will fail in static type checkers.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+    NoReturn = _NoReturn(_root=True)
+
+# Some unconstrained type variables.  These are used by the container types.
+# (These are not for export.)
+T = typing.TypeVar('T')  # Any type.
+KT = typing.TypeVar('KT')  # Key type.
+VT = typing.TypeVar('VT')  # Value type.
+T_co = typing.TypeVar('T_co', covariant=True)  # Any type covariant containers.
+T_contra = typing.TypeVar('T_contra', contravariant=True)  # Ditto contravariant.
+
+ClassVar = typing.ClassVar
+
+# On older versions of typing there is an internal class named "Final".
+# 3.8+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Final') and sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    Final = typing.Final
+# 3.7
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _FinalForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
+                                      f'{self._name} accepts only single type')
+            return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+    Final = _FinalForm('Final',
+                       doc="""A special typing construct to indicate that a name
+                       cannot be re-assigned or overridden in a subclass.
+                       For example:
+
+                           MAX_SIZE: Final = 9000
+                           MAX_SIZE += 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+                           class Connection:
+                               TIMEOUT: Final[int] = 10
+                           class FastConnector(Connection):
+                               TIMEOUT = 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+                       There is no runtime checking of these properties.""")
+# 3.6
+else:
+    class _Final(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """A special typing construct to indicate that a name
+        cannot be re-assigned or overridden in a subclass.
+        For example:
+
+            MAX_SIZE: Final = 9000
+            MAX_SIZE += 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+            class Connection:
+                TIMEOUT: Final[int] = 10
+            class FastConnector(Connection):
+                TIMEOUT = 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+        There is no runtime checking of these properties.
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__type__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tp=None, **kwds):
+            self.__type__ = tp
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is None:
+                return cls(typing._type_check(item,
+                           f'{cls.__name__[1:]} accepts only single type.'),
+                           _root=True)
+            raise TypeError(f'{cls.__name__[1:]} cannot be further subscripted')
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(new_tp, _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += f'[{typing._type_repr(self.__type__)}]'
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _Final):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    Final = _Final(_root=True)
+
+
+# 3.8+
+if hasattr(typing, 'final'):
+    final = typing.final
+# 3.6-3.7
+else:
+    def final(f):
+        """This decorator can be used to indicate to type checkers that
+        the decorated method cannot be overridden, and decorated class
+        cannot be subclassed. For example:
+
+            class Base:
+                @final
+                def done(self) -> None:
+                    ...
+            class Sub(Base):
+                def done(self) -> None:  # Error reported by type checker
+                    ...
+            @final
+            class Leaf:
+                ...
+            class Other(Leaf):  # Error reported by type checker
+                ...
+
+        There is no runtime checking of these properties.
+        """
+        return f
+
+
+def IntVar(name):
+    return typing.TypeVar(name)
+
+
+# 3.8+:
+if hasattr(typing, 'Literal'):
+    Literal = typing.Literal
+# 3.7:
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _LiteralForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return typing._GenericAlias(self, parameters)
+
+    Literal = _LiteralForm('Literal',
+                           doc="""A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers
+                           that the corresponding value has a value literally equivalent
+                           to the provided parameter. For example:
+
+                               var: Literal[4] = 4
+
+                           The type checker understands that 'var' is literally equal to
+                           the value 4 and no other value.
+
+                           Literal[...] cannot be subclassed. There is no runtime
+                           checking verifying that the parameter is actually a value
+                           instead of a type.""")
+# 3.6:
+else:
+    class _Literal(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers that the
+        corresponding value has a value literally equivalent to the
+        provided parameter. For example:
+
+            var: Literal[4] = 4
+
+        The type checker understands that 'var' is literally equal to the
+        value 4 and no other value.
+
+        Literal[...] cannot be subclassed. There is no runtime checking
+        verifying that the parameter is actually a value instead of a type.
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__values__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, values=None, **kwds):
+            self.__values__ = values
+
+        def __getitem__(self, values):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__values__ is None:
+                if not isinstance(values, tuple):
+                    values = (values,)
+                return cls(values, _root=True)
+            raise TypeError(f'{cls.__name__[1:]} cannot be further subscripted')
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            return self
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                r += f'[{", ".join(map(typing._type_repr, self.__values__))}]'
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__values__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _Literal):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                return self.__values__ == other.__values__
+            return self is other
+
+    Literal = _Literal(_root=True)
+
+
+_overload_dummy = typing._overload_dummy  # noqa
+overload = typing.overload
+
+
+# This is not a real generic class.  Don't use outside annotations.
+Type = typing.Type
+
+# Various ABCs mimicking those in collections.abc.
+# A few are simply re-exported for completeness.
+
+
+class _ExtensionsGenericMeta(GenericMeta):
+    def __subclasscheck__(self, subclass):
+        """This mimics a more modern GenericMeta.__subclasscheck__() logic
+        (that does not have problems with recursion) to work around interactions
+        between collections, typing, and typing_extensions on older
+        versions of Python, see https://github.com/python/typing/issues/501.
+        """
+        if self.__origin__ is not None:
+            if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] not in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                raise TypeError("Parameterized generics cannot be used with class "
+                                "or instance checks")
+            return False
+        if not self.__extra__:
+            return super().__subclasscheck__(subclass)
+        res = self.__extra__.__subclasshook__(subclass)
+        if res is not NotImplemented:
+            return res
+        if self.__extra__ in subclass.__mro__:
+            return True
+        for scls in self.__extra__.__subclasses__():
+            if isinstance(scls, GenericMeta):
+                continue
+            if issubclass(subclass, scls):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+Awaitable = typing.Awaitable
+Coroutine = typing.Coroutine
+AsyncIterable = typing.AsyncIterable
+AsyncIterator = typing.AsyncIterator
+
+# 3.6.1+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Deque'):
+    Deque = typing.Deque
+# 3.6.0
+else:
+    class Deque(collections.deque, typing.MutableSequence[T],
+                metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                extra=collections.deque):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is Deque:
+                return collections.deque(*args, **kwds)
+            return typing._generic_new(collections.deque, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+ContextManager = typing.ContextManager
+# 3.6.2+
+if hasattr(typing, 'AsyncContextManager'):
+    AsyncContextManager = typing.AsyncContextManager
+# 3.6.0-3.6.1
+else:
+    from _collections_abc import _check_methods as _check_methods_in_mro  # noqa
+
+    class AsyncContextManager(typing.Generic[T_co]):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        async def __aenter__(self):
+            return self
+
+        @abc.abstractmethod
+        async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+            return None
+
+        @classmethod
+        def __subclasshook__(cls, C):
+            if cls is AsyncContextManager:
+                return _check_methods_in_mro(C, "__aenter__", "__aexit__")
+            return NotImplemented
+
+DefaultDict = typing.DefaultDict
+
+# 3.7.2+
+if hasattr(typing, 'OrderedDict'):
+    OrderedDict = typing.OrderedDict
+# 3.7.0-3.7.2
+elif (3, 7, 0) <= sys.version_info[:3] < (3, 7, 2):
+    OrderedDict = typing._alias(collections.OrderedDict, (KT, VT))
+# 3.6
+else:
+    class OrderedDict(collections.OrderedDict, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                      metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                      extra=collections.OrderedDict):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is OrderedDict:
+                return collections.OrderedDict(*args, **kwds)
+            return typing._generic_new(collections.OrderedDict, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+# 3.6.2+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Counter'):
+    Counter = typing.Counter
+# 3.6.0-3.6.1
+else:
+    class Counter(collections.Counter,
+                  typing.Dict[T, int],
+                  metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta, extra=collections.Counter):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is Counter:
+                return collections.Counter(*args, **kwds)
+            return typing._generic_new(collections.Counter, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+# 3.6.1+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ChainMap'):
+    ChainMap = typing.ChainMap
+elif hasattr(collections, 'ChainMap'):
+    class ChainMap(collections.ChainMap, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                   metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                   extra=collections.ChainMap):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is ChainMap:
+                return collections.ChainMap(*args, **kwds)
+            return typing._generic_new(collections.ChainMap, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+# 3.6.1+
+if hasattr(typing, 'AsyncGenerator'):
+    AsyncGenerator = typing.AsyncGenerator
+# 3.6.0
+else:
+    class AsyncGenerator(AsyncIterator[T_co], typing.Generic[T_co, T_contra],
+                         metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                         extra=collections.abc.AsyncGenerator):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+NewType = typing.NewType
+Text = typing.Text
+TYPE_CHECKING = typing.TYPE_CHECKING
+
+
+def _gorg(cls):
+    """This function exists for compatibility with old typing versions."""
+    assert isinstance(cls, GenericMeta)
+    if hasattr(cls, '_gorg'):
+        return cls._gorg
+    while cls.__origin__ is not None:
+        cls = cls.__origin__
+    return cls
+
+
+_PROTO_WHITELIST = ['Callable', 'Awaitable',
+                    'Iterable', 'Iterator', 'AsyncIterable', 'AsyncIterator',
+                    'Hashable', 'Sized', 'Container', 'Collection', 'Reversible',
+                    'ContextManager', 'AsyncContextManager']
+
+
+def _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
+    attrs = set()
+    for base in cls.__mro__[:-1]:  # without object
+        if base.__name__ in ('Protocol', 'Generic'):
+            continue
+        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
+        for attr in list(base.__dict__.keys()) + list(annotations.keys()):
+            if (not attr.startswith('_abc_') and attr not in (
+                    '__abstractmethods__', '__annotations__', '__weakref__',
+                    '_is_protocol', '_is_runtime_protocol', '__dict__',
+                    '__args__', '__slots__',
+                    '__next_in_mro__', '__parameters__', '__origin__',
+                    '__orig_bases__', '__extra__', '__tree_hash__',
+                    '__doc__', '__subclasshook__', '__init__', '__new__',
+                    '__module__', '_MutableMapping__marker', '_gorg')):
+                attrs.add(attr)
+    return attrs
+
+
+def _is_callable_members_only(cls):
+    return all(callable(getattr(cls, attr, None)) for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls))
+
+
+# 3.8+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Protocol'):
+    Protocol = typing.Protocol
+# 3.7
+elif PEP_560:
+    from typing import _collect_type_vars  # noqa
+
+    def _no_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if type(self)._is_protocol:
+            raise TypeError('Protocols cannot be instantiated')
+
+    class _ProtocolMeta(abc.ABCMeta):
+        # This metaclass is a bit unfortunate and exists only because of the lack
+        # of __instancehook__.
+        def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
+            # We need this method for situations where attributes are
+            # assigned in __init__.
+            if ((not getattr(cls, '_is_protocol', False) or
+                 _is_callable_members_only(cls)) and
+                    issubclass(instance.__class__, cls)):
+                return True
+            if cls._is_protocol:
+                if all(hasattr(instance, attr) and
+                       (not callable(getattr(cls, attr, None)) or
+                        getattr(instance, attr) is not None)
+                       for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls)):
+                    return True
+            return super().__instancecheck__(instance)
+
+    class Protocol(metaclass=_ProtocolMeta):
+        # There is quite a lot of overlapping code with typing.Generic.
+        # Unfortunately it is hard to avoid this while these live in two different
+        # modules. The duplicated code will be removed when Protocol is moved to typing.
+        """Base class for protocol classes. Protocol classes are defined as::
+
+            class Proto(Protocol):
+                def meth(self) -> int:
+                    ...
+
+        Such classes are primarily used with static type checkers that recognize
+        structural subtyping (static duck-typing), for example::
+
+            class C:
+                def meth(self) -> int:
+                    return 0
+
+            def func(x: Proto) -> int:
+                return x.meth()
+
+            func(C())  # Passes static type check
+
+        See PEP 544 for details. Protocol classes decorated with
+        @typing_extensions.runtime act as simple-minded runtime protocol that checks
+        only the presence of given attributes, ignoring their type signatures.
+
+        Protocol classes can be generic, they are defined as::
+
+            class GenProto(Protocol[T]):
+                def meth(self) -> T:
+                    ...
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+        _is_protocol = True
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls is Protocol:
+                raise TypeError("Type Protocol cannot be instantiated; "
+                                "it can only be used as a base class")
+            return super().__new__(cls)
+
+        @typing._tp_cache
+        def __class_getitem__(cls, params):
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple):
+                params = (params,)
+            if not params and cls is not typing.Tuple:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    f"Parameter list to {cls.__qualname__}[...] cannot be empty")
+            msg = "Parameters to generic types must be types."
+            params = tuple(typing._type_check(p, msg) for p in params)  # noqa
+            if cls is Protocol:
+                # Generic can only be subscripted with unique type variables.
+                if not all(isinstance(p, typing.TypeVar) for p in params):
+                    i = 0
+                    while isinstance(params[i], typing.TypeVar):
+                        i += 1
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Parameters to Protocol[...] must all be type variables."
+                        f" Parameter {i + 1} is {params[i]}")
+                if len(set(params)) != len(params):
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Parameters to Protocol[...] must all be unique")
+            else:
+                # Subscripting a regular Generic subclass.
+                _check_generic(cls, params)
+            return typing._GenericAlias(cls, params)
+
+        def __init_subclass__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            tvars = []
+            if '__orig_bases__' in cls.__dict__:
+                error = typing.Generic in cls.__orig_bases__
+            else:
+                error = typing.Generic in cls.__bases__
+            if error:
+                raise TypeError("Cannot inherit from plain Generic")
+            if '__orig_bases__' in cls.__dict__:
+                tvars = _collect_type_vars(cls.__orig_bases__)
+                # Look for Generic[T1, ..., Tn] or Protocol[T1, ..., Tn].
+                # If found, tvars must be a subset of it.
+                # If not found, tvars is it.
+                # Also check for and reject plain Generic,
+                # and reject multiple Generic[...] and/or Protocol[...].
+                gvars = None
+                for base in cls.__orig_bases__:
+                    if (isinstance(base, typing._GenericAlias) and
+                            base.__origin__ in (typing.Generic, Protocol)):
+                        # for error messages
+                        the_base = base.__origin__.__name__
+                        if gvars is not None:
+                            raise TypeError(
+                                "Cannot inherit from Generic[...]"
+                                " and/or Protocol[...] multiple types.")
+                        gvars = base.__parameters__
+                if gvars is None:
+                    gvars = tvars
+                else:
+                    tvarset = set(tvars)
+                    gvarset = set(gvars)
+                    if not tvarset <= gvarset:
+                        s_vars = ', '.join(str(t) for t in tvars if t not in gvarset)
+                        s_args = ', '.join(str(g) for g in gvars)
+                        raise TypeError(f"Some type variables ({s_vars}) are"
+                                        f" not listed in {the_base}[{s_args}]")
+                    tvars = gvars
+            cls.__parameters__ = tuple(tvars)
+
+            # Determine if this is a protocol or a concrete subclass.
+            if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                cls._is_protocol = any(b is Protocol for b in cls.__bases__)
+
+            # Set (or override) the protocol subclass hook.
+            def _proto_hook(other):
+                if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                    return NotImplemented
+                if not getattr(cls, '_is_runtime_protocol', False):
+                    if sys._getframe(2).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                    raise TypeError("Instance and class checks can only be used with"
+                                    " @runtime protocols")
+                if not _is_callable_members_only(cls):
+                    if sys._getframe(2).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                    raise TypeError("Protocols with non-method members"
+                                    " don't support issubclass()")
+                if not isinstance(other, type):
+                    # Same error as for issubclass(1, int)
+                    raise TypeError('issubclass() arg 1 must be a class')
+                for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
+                    for base in other.__mro__:
+                        if attr in base.__dict__:
+                            if base.__dict__[attr] is None:
+                                return NotImplemented
+                            break
+                        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
+                        if (isinstance(annotations, typing.Mapping) and
+                                attr in annotations and
+                                isinstance(other, _ProtocolMeta) and
+                                other._is_protocol):
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                return True
+            if '__subclasshook__' not in cls.__dict__:
+                cls.__subclasshook__ = _proto_hook
+
+            # We have nothing more to do for non-protocols.
+            if not cls._is_protocol:
+                return
+
+            # Check consistency of bases.
+            for base in cls.__bases__:
+                if not (base in (object, typing.Generic) or
+                        base.__module__ == 'collections.abc' and
+                        base.__name__ in _PROTO_WHITELIST or
+                        isinstance(base, _ProtocolMeta) and base._is_protocol):
+                    raise TypeError('Protocols can only inherit from other'
+                                    f' protocols, got {repr(base)}')
+            cls.__init__ = _no_init
+# 3.6
+else:
+    from typing import _next_in_mro, _type_check  # noqa
+
+    def _no_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if type(self)._is_protocol:
+            raise TypeError('Protocols cannot be instantiated')
+
+    class _ProtocolMeta(GenericMeta):
+        """Internal metaclass for Protocol.
+
+        This exists so Protocol classes can be generic without deriving
+        from Generic.
+        """
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace,
+                    tvars=None, args=None, origin=None, extra=None, orig_bases=None):
+            # This is just a version copied from GenericMeta.__new__ that
+            # includes "Protocol" special treatment. (Comments removed for brevity.)
+            assert extra is None  # Protocols should not have extra
+            if tvars is not None:
+                assert origin is not None
+                assert all(isinstance(t, typing.TypeVar) for t in tvars), tvars
+            else:
+                tvars = _type_vars(bases)
+                gvars = None
+                for base in bases:
+                    if base is typing.Generic:
+                        raise TypeError("Cannot inherit from plain Generic")
+                    if (isinstance(base, GenericMeta) and
+                            base.__origin__ in (typing.Generic, Protocol)):
+                        if gvars is not None:
+                            raise TypeError(
+                                "Cannot inherit from Generic[...] or"
+                                " Protocol[...] multiple times.")
+                        gvars = base.__parameters__
+                if gvars is None:
+                    gvars = tvars
+                else:
+                    tvarset = set(tvars)
+                    gvarset = set(gvars)
+                    if not tvarset <= gvarset:
+                        s_vars = ", ".join(str(t) for t in tvars if t not in gvarset)
+                        s_args = ", ".join(str(g) for g in gvars)
+                        cls_name = "Generic" if any(b.__origin__ is typing.Generic
+                                                    for b in bases) else "Protocol"
+                        raise TypeError(f"Some type variables ({s_vars}) are"
+                                        f" not listed in {cls_name}[{s_args}]")
+                    tvars = gvars
+
+            initial_bases = bases
+            if (extra is not None and type(extra) is abc.ABCMeta and
+                    extra not in bases):
+                bases = (extra,) + bases
+            bases = tuple(_gorg(b) if isinstance(b, GenericMeta) else b
+                          for b in bases)
+            if any(isinstance(b, GenericMeta) and b is not typing.Generic for b in bases):
+                bases = tuple(b for b in bases if b is not typing.Generic)
+            namespace.update({'__origin__': origin, '__extra__': extra})
+            self = super(GenericMeta, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace,
+                                                   _root=True)
+            super(GenericMeta, self).__setattr__('_gorg',
+                                                 self if not origin else
+                                                 _gorg(origin))
+            self.__parameters__ = tvars
+            self.__args__ = tuple(... if a is typing._TypingEllipsis else
+                                  () if a is typing._TypingEmpty else
+                                  a for a in args) if args else None
+            self.__next_in_mro__ = _next_in_mro(self)
+            if orig_bases is None:
+                self.__orig_bases__ = initial_bases
+            elif origin is not None:
+                self._abc_registry = origin._abc_registry
+                self._abc_cache = origin._abc_cache
+            if hasattr(self, '_subs_tree'):
+                self.__tree_hash__ = (hash(self._subs_tree()) if origin else
+                                      super(GenericMeta, self).__hash__())
+            return self
+
+        def __init__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                cls._is_protocol = any(b is Protocol or
+                                       isinstance(b, _ProtocolMeta) and
+                                       b.__origin__ is Protocol
+                                       for b in cls.__bases__)
+            if cls._is_protocol:
+                for base in cls.__mro__[1:]:
+                    if not (base in (object, typing.Generic) or
+                            base.__module__ == 'collections.abc' and
+                            base.__name__ in _PROTO_WHITELIST or
+                            isinstance(base, typing.TypingMeta) and base._is_protocol or
+                            isinstance(base, GenericMeta) and
+                            base.__origin__ is typing.Generic):
+                        raise TypeError(f'Protocols can only inherit from other'
+                                        f' protocols, got {repr(base)}')
+
+                cls.__init__ = _no_init
+
+            def _proto_hook(other):
+                if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                    return NotImplemented
+                if not isinstance(other, type):
+                    # Same error as for issubclass(1, int)
+                    raise TypeError('issubclass() arg 1 must be a class')
+                for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
+                    for base in other.__mro__:
+                        if attr in base.__dict__:
+                            if base.__dict__[attr] is None:
+                                return NotImplemented
+                            break
+                        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
+                        if (isinstance(annotations, typing.Mapping) and
+                                attr in annotations and
+                                isinstance(other, _ProtocolMeta) and
+                                other._is_protocol):
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                return True
+            if '__subclasshook__' not in cls.__dict__:
+                cls.__subclasshook__ = _proto_hook
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, instance):
+            # We need this method for situations where attributes are
+            # assigned in __init__.
+            if ((not getattr(self, '_is_protocol', False) or
+                    _is_callable_members_only(self)) and
+                    issubclass(instance.__class__, self)):
+                return True
+            if self._is_protocol:
+                if all(hasattr(instance, attr) and
+                        (not callable(getattr(self, attr, None)) or
+                         getattr(instance, attr) is not None)
+                        for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(self)):
+                    return True
+            return super(GenericMeta, self).__instancecheck__(instance)
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            if self.__origin__ is not None:
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] not in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                    raise TypeError("Parameterized generics cannot be used with class "
+                                    "or instance checks")
+                return False
+            if (self.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None) and
+                    not self.__dict__.get('_is_runtime_protocol', None)):
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc',
+                                                              'functools',
+                                                              'typing']:
+                    return False
+                raise TypeError("Instance and class checks can only be used with"
+                                " @runtime protocols")
+            if (self.__dict__.get('_is_runtime_protocol', None) and
+                    not _is_callable_members_only(self)):
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc',
+                                                              'functools',
+                                                              'typing']:
+                    return super(GenericMeta, self).__subclasscheck__(cls)
+                raise TypeError("Protocols with non-method members"
+                                " don't support issubclass()")
+            return super(GenericMeta, self).__subclasscheck__(cls)
+
+        @typing._tp_cache
+        def __getitem__(self, params):
+            # We also need to copy this from GenericMeta.__getitem__ to get
+            # special treatment of "Protocol". (Comments removed for brevity.)
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple):
+                params = (params,)
+            if not params and _gorg(self) is not typing.Tuple:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    f"Parameter list to {self.__qualname__}[...] cannot be empty")
+            msg = "Parameters to generic types must be types."
+            params = tuple(_type_check(p, msg) for p in params)
+            if self in (typing.Generic, Protocol):
+                if not all(isinstance(p, typing.TypeVar) for p in params):
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        f"Parameters to {repr(self)}[...] must all be type variables")
+                if len(set(params)) != len(params):
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        f"Parameters to {repr(self)}[...] must all be unique")
+                tvars = params
+                args = params
+            elif self in (typing.Tuple, typing.Callable):
+                tvars = _type_vars(params)
+                args = params
+            elif self.__origin__ in (typing.Generic, Protocol):
+                raise TypeError(f"Cannot subscript already-subscripted {repr(self)}")
+            else:
+                _check_generic(self, params)
+                tvars = _type_vars(params)
+                args = params
+
+            prepend = (self,) if self.__origin__ is None else ()
+            return self.__class__(self.__name__,
+                                  prepend + self.__bases__,
+                                  _no_slots_copy(self.__dict__),
+                                  tvars=tvars,
+                                  args=args,
+                                  origin=self,
+                                  extra=self.__extra__,
+                                  orig_bases=self.__orig_bases__)
+
+    class Protocol(metaclass=_ProtocolMeta):
+        """Base class for protocol classes. Protocol classes are defined as::
+
+          class Proto(Protocol):
+              def meth(self) -> int:
+                  ...
+
+        Such classes are primarily used with static type checkers that recognize
+        structural subtyping (static duck-typing), for example::
+
+          class C:
+              def meth(self) -> int:
+                  return 0
+
+          def func(x: Proto) -> int:
+              return x.meth()
+
+          func(C())  # Passes static type check
+
+        See PEP 544 for details. Protocol classes decorated with
+        @typing_extensions.runtime act as simple-minded runtime protocol that checks
+        only the presence of given attributes, ignoring their type signatures.
+
+        Protocol classes can be generic, they are defined as::
+
+          class GenProto(Protocol[T]):
+              def meth(self) -> T:
+                  ...
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+        _is_protocol = True
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _gorg(cls) is Protocol:
+                raise TypeError("Type Protocol cannot be instantiated; "
+                                "it can be used only as a base class")
+            return typing._generic_new(cls.__next_in_mro__, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+# 3.8+
+if hasattr(typing, 'runtime_checkable'):
+    runtime_checkable = typing.runtime_checkable
+# 3.6-3.7
+else:
+    def runtime_checkable(cls):
+        """Mark a protocol class as a runtime protocol, so that it
+        can be used with isinstance() and issubclass(). Raise TypeError
+        if applied to a non-protocol class.
+
+        This allows a simple-minded structural check very similar to the
+        one-offs in collections.abc such as Hashable.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(cls, _ProtocolMeta) or not cls._is_protocol:
+            raise TypeError('@runtime_checkable can be only applied to protocol classes,'
+                            f' got {cls!r}')
+        cls._is_runtime_protocol = True
+        return cls
+
+
+# Exists for backwards compatibility.
+runtime = runtime_checkable
+
+
+# 3.8+
+if hasattr(typing, 'SupportsIndex'):
+    SupportsIndex = typing.SupportsIndex
+# 3.6-3.7
+else:
+    @runtime_checkable
+    class SupportsIndex(Protocol):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        @abc.abstractmethod
+        def __index__(self) -> int:
+            pass
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 9, 2):
+    # The standard library TypedDict in Python 3.8 does not store runtime information
+    # about which (if any) keys are optional.  See https://bugs.python.org/issue38834
+    # The standard library TypedDict in Python 3.9.0/1 does not honour the "total"
+    # keyword with old-style TypedDict().  See https://bugs.python.org/issue42059
+    TypedDict = typing.TypedDict
+else:
+    def _check_fails(cls, other):
+        try:
+            if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] not in ['abc',
+                                                              'functools',
+                                                              'typing']:
+                # Typed dicts are only for static structural subtyping.
+                raise TypeError('TypedDict does not support instance and class checks')
+        except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+            pass
+        return False
+
+    def _dict_new(*args, **kwargs):
+        if not args:
+            raise TypeError('TypedDict.__new__(): not enough arguments')
+        _, args = args[0], args[1:]  # allow the "cls" keyword be passed
+        return dict(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    _dict_new.__text_signature__ = '($cls, _typename, _fields=None, /, **kwargs)'
+
+    def _typeddict_new(*args, total=True, **kwargs):
+        if not args:
+            raise TypeError('TypedDict.__new__(): not enough arguments')
+        _, args = args[0], args[1:]  # allow the "cls" keyword be passed
+        if args:
+            typename, args = args[0], args[1:]  # allow the "_typename" keyword be passed
+        elif '_typename' in kwargs:
+            typename = kwargs.pop('_typename')
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn("Passing '_typename' as keyword argument is deprecated",
+                          DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("TypedDict.__new__() missing 1 required positional "
+                            "argument: '_typename'")
+        if args:
+            try:
+                fields, = args  # allow the "_fields" keyword be passed
+            except ValueError:
+                raise TypeError('TypedDict.__new__() takes from 2 to 3 '
+                                f'positional arguments but {len(args) + 2} '
+                                'were given')
+        elif '_fields' in kwargs and len(kwargs) == 1:
+            fields = kwargs.pop('_fields')
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn("Passing '_fields' as keyword argument is deprecated",
+                          DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        else:
+            fields = None
+
+        if fields is None:
+            fields = kwargs
+        elif kwargs:
+            raise TypeError("TypedDict takes either a dict or keyword arguments,"
+                            " but not both")
+
+        ns = {'__annotations__': dict(fields)}
+        try:
+            # Setting correct module is necessary to make typed dict classes pickleable.
+            ns['__module__'] = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get('__name__', '__main__')
+        except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+            pass
+
+        return _TypedDictMeta(typename, (), ns, total=total)
+
+    _typeddict_new.__text_signature__ = ('($cls, _typename, _fields=None,'
+                                         ' /, *, total=True, **kwargs)')
+
+    class _TypedDictMeta(type):
+        def __init__(cls, name, bases, ns, total=True):
+            super().__init__(name, bases, ns)
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, ns, total=True):
+            # Create new typed dict class object.
+            # This method is called directly when TypedDict is subclassed,
+            # or via _typeddict_new when TypedDict is instantiated. This way
+            # TypedDict supports all three syntaxes described in its docstring.
+            # Subclasses and instances of TypedDict return actual dictionaries
+            # via _dict_new.
+            ns['__new__'] = _typeddict_new if name == 'TypedDict' else _dict_new
+            tp_dict = super().__new__(cls, name, (dict,), ns)
+
+            annotations = {}
+            own_annotations = ns.get('__annotations__', {})
+            own_annotation_keys = set(own_annotations.keys())
+            msg = "TypedDict('Name', {f0: t0, f1: t1, ...}); each t must be a type"
+            own_annotations = {
+                n: typing._type_check(tp, msg) for n, tp in own_annotations.items()
+            }
+            required_keys = set()
+            optional_keys = set()
+
+            for base in bases:
+                annotations.update(base.__dict__.get('__annotations__', {}))
+                required_keys.update(base.__dict__.get('__required_keys__', ()))
+                optional_keys.update(base.__dict__.get('__optional_keys__', ()))
+
+            annotations.update(own_annotations)
+            if total:
+                required_keys.update(own_annotation_keys)
+            else:
+                optional_keys.update(own_annotation_keys)
+
+            tp_dict.__annotations__ = annotations
+            tp_dict.__required_keys__ = frozenset(required_keys)
+            tp_dict.__optional_keys__ = frozenset(optional_keys)
+            if not hasattr(tp_dict, '__total__'):
+                tp_dict.__total__ = total
+            return tp_dict
+
+        __instancecheck__ = __subclasscheck__ = _check_fails
+
+    TypedDict = _TypedDictMeta('TypedDict', (dict,), {})
+    TypedDict.__module__ = __name__
+    TypedDict.__doc__ = \
+        """A simple typed name space. At runtime it is equivalent to a plain dict.
+
+        TypedDict creates a dictionary type that expects all of its
+        instances to have a certain set of keys, with each key
+        associated with a value of a consistent type. This expectation
+        is not checked at runtime but is only enforced by type checkers.
+        Usage::
+
+            class Point2D(TypedDict):
+                x: int
+                y: int
+                label: str
+
+            a: Point2D = {'x': 1, 'y': 2, 'label': 'good'}  # OK
+            b: Point2D = {'z': 3, 'label': 'bad'}           # Fails type check
+
+            assert Point2D(x=1, y=2, label='first') == dict(x=1, y=2, label='first')
+
+        The type info can be accessed via the Point2D.__annotations__ dict, and
+        the Point2D.__required_keys__ and Point2D.__optional_keys__ frozensets.
+        TypedDict supports two additional equivalent forms::
+
+            Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', x=int, y=int, label=str)
+            Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', {'x': int, 'y': int, 'label': str})
+
+        The class syntax is only supported in Python 3.6+, while two other
+        syntax forms work for Python 2.7 and 3.2+
+        """
+
+
+# Python 3.9+ has PEP 593 (Annotated and modified get_type_hints)
+if hasattr(typing, 'Annotated'):
+    Annotated = typing.Annotated
+    get_type_hints = typing.get_type_hints
+    # Not exported and not a public API, but needed for get_origin() and get_args()
+    # to work.
+    _AnnotatedAlias = typing._AnnotatedAlias
+# 3.7-3.8
+elif PEP_560:
+    class _AnnotatedAlias(typing._GenericAlias, _root=True):
+        """Runtime representation of an annotated type.
+
+        At its core 'Annotated[t, dec1, dec2, ...]' is an alias for the type 't'
+        with extra annotations. The alias behaves like a normal typing alias,
+        instantiating is the same as instantiating the underlying type, binding
+        it to types is also the same.
+        """
+        def __init__(self, origin, metadata):
+            if isinstance(origin, _AnnotatedAlias):
+                metadata = origin.__metadata__ + metadata
+                origin = origin.__origin__
+            super().__init__(origin, origin)
+            self.__metadata__ = metadata
+
+        def copy_with(self, params):
+            assert len(params) == 1
+            new_type = params[0]
+            return _AnnotatedAlias(new_type, self.__metadata__)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return (f"typing_extensions.Annotated[{typing._type_repr(self.__origin__)}, "
+                    f"{', '.join(repr(a) for a in self.__metadata__)}]")
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            return operator.getitem, (
+                Annotated, (self.__origin__,) + self.__metadata__
+            )
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _AnnotatedAlias):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__origin__ != other.__origin__:
+                return False
+            return self.__metadata__ == other.__metadata__
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((self.__origin__, self.__metadata__))
+
+    class Annotated:
+        """Add context specific metadata to a type.
+
+        Example: Annotated[int, runtime_check.Unsigned] indicates to the
+        hypothetical runtime_check module that this type is an unsigned int.
+        Every other consumer of this type can ignore this metadata and treat
+        this type as int.
+
+        The first argument to Annotated must be a valid type (and will be in
+        the __origin__ field), the remaining arguments are kept as a tuple in
+        the __extra__ field.
+
+        Details:
+
+        - It's an error to call `Annotated` with less than two arguments.
+        - Nested Annotated are flattened::
+
+            Annotated[Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2], Ann3] == Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2, Ann3]
+
+        - Instantiating an annotated type is equivalent to instantiating the
+        underlying type::
+
+            Annotated[C, Ann1](5) == C(5)
+
+        - Annotated can be used as a generic type alias::
+
+            Optimized = Annotated[T, runtime.Optimize()]
+            Optimized[int] == Annotated[int, runtime.Optimize()]
+
+            OptimizedList = Annotated[List[T], runtime.Optimize()]
+            OptimizedList[int] == Annotated[List[int], runtime.Optimize()]
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError("Type Annotated cannot be instantiated.")
+
+        @typing._tp_cache
+        def __class_getitem__(cls, params):
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple) or len(params) < 2:
+                raise TypeError("Annotated[...] should be used "
+                                "with at least two arguments (a type and an "
+                                "annotation).")
+            msg = "Annotated[t, ...]: t must be a type."
+            origin = typing._type_check(params[0], msg)
+            metadata = tuple(params[1:])
+            return _AnnotatedAlias(origin, metadata)
+
+        def __init_subclass__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"Cannot subclass {cls.__module__}.Annotated"
+            )
+
+    def _strip_annotations(t):
+        """Strips the annotations from a given type.
+        """
+        if isinstance(t, _AnnotatedAlias):
+            return _strip_annotations(t.__origin__)
+        if isinstance(t, typing._GenericAlias):
+            stripped_args = tuple(_strip_annotations(a) for a in t.__args__)
+            if stripped_args == t.__args__:
+                return t
+            res = t.copy_with(stripped_args)
+            res._special = t._special
+            return res
+        return t
+
+    def get_type_hints(obj, globalns=None, localns=None, include_extras=False):
+        """Return type hints for an object.
+
+        This is often the same as obj.__annotations__, but it handles
+        forward references encoded as string literals, adds Optional[t] if a
+        default value equal to None is set and recursively replaces all
+        'Annotated[T, ...]' with 'T' (unless 'include_extras=True').
+
+        The argument may be a module, class, method, or function. The annotations
+        are returned as a dictionary. For classes, annotations include also
+        inherited members.
+
+        TypeError is raised if the argument is not of a type that can contain
+        annotations, and an empty dictionary is returned if no annotations are
+        present.
+
+        BEWARE -- the behavior of globalns and localns is counterintuitive
+        (unless you are familiar with how eval() and exec() work).  The
+        search order is locals first, then globals.
+
+        - If no dict arguments are passed, an attempt is made to use the
+          globals from obj (or the respective module's globals for classes),
+          and these are also used as the locals.  If the object does not appear
+          to have globals, an empty dictionary is used.
+
+        - If one dict argument is passed, it is used for both globals and
+          locals.
+
+        - If two dict arguments are passed, they specify globals and
+          locals, respectively.
+        """
+        hint = typing.get_type_hints(obj, globalns=globalns, localns=localns)
+        if include_extras:
+            return hint
+        return {k: _strip_annotations(t) for k, t in hint.items()}
+# 3.6
+else:
+
+    def _is_dunder(name):
+        """Returns True if name is a __dunder_variable_name__."""
+        return len(name) > 4 and name.startswith('__') and name.endswith('__')
+
+    # Prior to Python 3.7 types did not have `copy_with`. A lot of the equality
+    # checks, argument expansion etc. are done on the _subs_tre. As a result we
+    # can't provide a get_type_hints function that strips out annotations.
+
+    class AnnotatedMeta(typing.GenericMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Annotated"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, **kwargs):
+            if any(b is not object for b in bases):
+                raise TypeError("Cannot subclass " + str(Annotated))
+            return super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, **kwargs)
+
+        @property
+        def __metadata__(self):
+            return self._subs_tree()[2]
+
+        def _tree_repr(self, tree):
+            cls, origin, metadata = tree
+            if not isinstance(origin, tuple):
+                tp_repr = typing._type_repr(origin)
+            else:
+                tp_repr = origin[0]._tree_repr(origin)
+            metadata_reprs = ", ".join(repr(arg) for arg in metadata)
+            return f'{cls}[{tp_repr}, {metadata_reprs}]'
+
+        def _subs_tree(self, tvars=None, args=None):  # noqa
+            if self is Annotated:
+                return Annotated
+            res = super()._subs_tree(tvars=tvars, args=args)
+            # Flatten nested Annotated
+            if isinstance(res[1], tuple) and res[1][0] is Annotated:
+                sub_tp = res[1][1]
+                sub_annot = res[1][2]
+                return (Annotated, sub_tp, sub_annot + res[2])
+            return res
+
+        def _get_cons(self):
+            """Return the class used to create instance of this type."""
+            if self.__origin__ is None:
+                raise TypeError("Cannot get the underlying type of a "
+                                "non-specialized Annotated type.")
+            tree = self._subs_tree()
+            while isinstance(tree, tuple) and tree[0] is Annotated:
+                tree = tree[1]
+            if isinstance(tree, tuple):
+                return tree[0]
+            else:
+                return tree
+
+        @typing._tp_cache
+        def __getitem__(self, params):
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple):
+                params = (params,)
+            if self.__origin__ is not None:  # specializing an instantiated type
+                return super().__getitem__(params)
+            elif not isinstance(params, tuple) or len(params) < 2:
+                raise TypeError("Annotated[...] should be instantiated "
+                                "with at least two arguments (a type and an "
+                                "annotation).")
+            else:
+                msg = "Annotated[t, ...]: t must be a type."
+                tp = typing._type_check(params[0], msg)
+                metadata = tuple(params[1:])
+            return self.__class__(
+                self.__name__,
+                self.__bases__,
+                _no_slots_copy(self.__dict__),
+                tvars=_type_vars((tp,)),
+                # Metadata is a tuple so it won't be touched by _replace_args et al.
+                args=(tp, metadata),
+                origin=self,
+            )
+
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            cons = self._get_cons()
+            result = cons(*args, **kwargs)
+            try:
+                result.__orig_class__ = self
+            except AttributeError:
+                pass
+            return result
+
+        def __getattr__(self, attr):
+            # For simplicity we just don't relay all dunder names
+            if self.__origin__ is not None and not _is_dunder(attr):
+                return getattr(self._get_cons(), attr)
+            raise AttributeError(attr)
+
+        def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
+            if _is_dunder(attr) or attr.startswith('_abc_'):
+                super().__setattr__(attr, value)
+            elif self.__origin__ is None:
+                raise AttributeError(attr)
+            else:
+                setattr(self._get_cons(), attr, value)
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Annotated cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Annotated cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+    class Annotated(metaclass=AnnotatedMeta):
+        """Add context specific metadata to a type.
+
+        Example: Annotated[int, runtime_check.Unsigned] indicates to the
+        hypothetical runtime_check module that this type is an unsigned int.
+        Every other consumer of this type can ignore this metadata and treat
+        this type as int.
+
+        The first argument to Annotated must be a valid type, the remaining
+        arguments are kept as a tuple in the __metadata__ field.
+
+        Details:
+
+        - It's an error to call `Annotated` with less than two arguments.
+        - Nested Annotated are flattened::
+
+            Annotated[Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2], Ann3] == Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2, Ann3]
+
+        - Instantiating an annotated type is equivalent to instantiating the
+        underlying type::
+
+            Annotated[C, Ann1](5) == C(5)
+
+        - Annotated can be used as a generic type alias::
+
+            Optimized = Annotated[T, runtime.Optimize()]
+            Optimized[int] == Annotated[int, runtime.Optimize()]
+
+            OptimizedList = Annotated[List[T], runtime.Optimize()]
+            OptimizedList[int] == Annotated[List[int], runtime.Optimize()]
+        """
+
+# Python 3.8 has get_origin() and get_args() but those implementations aren't
+# Annotated-aware, so we can't use those. Python 3.9's versions don't support
+# ParamSpecArgs and ParamSpecKwargs, so only Python 3.10's versions will do.
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
+    get_origin = typing.get_origin
+    get_args = typing.get_args
+# 3.7-3.9
+elif PEP_560:
+    try:
+        # 3.9+
+        from typing import _BaseGenericAlias
+    except ImportError:
+        _BaseGenericAlias = typing._GenericAlias
+    try:
+        # 3.9+
+        from typing import GenericAlias
+    except ImportError:
+        GenericAlias = typing._GenericAlias
+
+    def get_origin(tp):
+        """Get the unsubscripted version of a type.
+
+        This supports generic types, Callable, Tuple, Union, Literal, Final, ClassVar
+        and Annotated. Return None for unsupported types. Examples::
+
+            get_origin(Literal[42]) is Literal
+            get_origin(int) is None
+            get_origin(ClassVar[int]) is ClassVar
+            get_origin(Generic) is Generic
+            get_origin(Generic[T]) is Generic
+            get_origin(Union[T, int]) is Union
+            get_origin(List[Tuple[T, T]][int]) == list
+            get_origin(P.args) is P
+        """
+        if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
+            return Annotated
+        if isinstance(tp, (typing._GenericAlias, GenericAlias, _BaseGenericAlias,
+                           ParamSpecArgs, ParamSpecKwargs)):
+            return tp.__origin__
+        if tp is typing.Generic:
+            return typing.Generic
+        return None
+
+    def get_args(tp):
+        """Get type arguments with all substitutions performed.
+
+        For unions, basic simplifications used by Union constructor are performed.
+        Examples::
+            get_args(Dict[str, int]) == (str, int)
+            get_args(int) == ()
+            get_args(Union[int, Union[T, int], str][int]) == (int, str)
+            get_args(Union[int, Tuple[T, int]][str]) == (int, Tuple[str, int])
+            get_args(Callable[[], T][int]) == ([], int)
+        """
+        if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
+            return (tp.__origin__,) + tp.__metadata__
+        if isinstance(tp, (typing._GenericAlias, GenericAlias)):
+            if getattr(tp, "_special", False):
+                return ()
+            res = tp.__args__
+            if get_origin(tp) is collections.abc.Callable and res[0] is not Ellipsis:
+                res = (list(res[:-1]), res[-1])
+            return res
+        return ()
+
+
+# 3.10+
+if hasattr(typing, 'TypeAlias'):
+    TypeAlias = typing.TypeAlias
+# 3.9
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    class _TypeAliasForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    @_TypeAliasForm
+    def TypeAlias(self, parameters):
+        """Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+        checkers.
+
+        For example::
+
+            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example above.
+        """
+        raise TypeError(f"{self} is not subscriptable")
+# 3.7-3.8
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _TypeAliasForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    TypeAlias = _TypeAliasForm('TypeAlias',
+                               doc="""Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+                               be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+                               checkers.
+
+                               For example::
+
+                                   Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+                               It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example
+                               above.""")
+# 3.6
+else:
+    class _TypeAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for TypeAlias"""
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.TypeAlias'
+
+    class _TypeAliasBase(typing._FinalTypingBase, metaclass=_TypeAliasMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+        checkers.
+
+        For example::
+
+            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example above.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.TypeAlias'
+
+    TypeAlias = _TypeAliasBase(_root=True)
+
+
+# Python 3.10+ has PEP 612
+if hasattr(typing, 'ParamSpecArgs'):
+    ParamSpecArgs = typing.ParamSpecArgs
+    ParamSpecKwargs = typing.ParamSpecKwargs
+# 3.6-3.9
+else:
+    class _Immutable:
+        """Mixin to indicate that object should not be copied."""
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __copy__(self):
+            return self
+
+        def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
+            return self
+
+    class ParamSpecArgs(_Immutable):
+        """The args for a ParamSpec object.
+
+        Given a ParamSpec object P, P.args is an instance of ParamSpecArgs.
+
+        ParamSpecArgs objects have a reference back to their ParamSpec:
+
+        P.args.__origin__ is P
+
+        This type is meant for runtime introspection and has no special meaning to
+        static type checkers.
+        """
+        def __init__(self, origin):
+            self.__origin__ = origin
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return f"{self.__origin__.__name__}.args"
+
+    class ParamSpecKwargs(_Immutable):
+        """The kwargs for a ParamSpec object.
+
+        Given a ParamSpec object P, P.kwargs is an instance of ParamSpecKwargs.
+
+        ParamSpecKwargs objects have a reference back to their ParamSpec:
+
+        P.kwargs.__origin__ is P
+
+        This type is meant for runtime introspection and has no special meaning to
+        static type checkers.
+        """
+        def __init__(self, origin):
+            self.__origin__ = origin
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return f"{self.__origin__.__name__}.kwargs"
+
+# 3.10+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ParamSpec'):
+    ParamSpec = typing.ParamSpec
+# 3.6-3.9
+else:
+
+    # Inherits from list as a workaround for Callable checks in Python < 3.9.2.
+    class ParamSpec(list):
+        """Parameter specification variable.
+
+        Usage::
+
+           P = ParamSpec('P')
+
+        Parameter specification variables exist primarily for the benefit of static
+        type checkers.  They are used to forward the parameter types of one
+        callable to another callable, a pattern commonly found in higher order
+        functions and decorators.  They are only valid when used in ``Concatenate``,
+        or s the first argument to ``Callable``. In Python 3.10 and higher,
+        they are also supported in user-defined Generics at runtime.
+        See class Generic for more information on generic types.  An
+        example for annotating a decorator::
+
+           T = TypeVar('T')
+           P = ParamSpec('P')
+
+           def add_logging(f: Callable[P, T]) -> Callable[P, T]:
+               '''A type-safe decorator to add logging to a function.'''
+               def inner(*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> T:
+                   logging.info(f'{f.__name__} was called')
+                   return f(*args, **kwargs)
+               return inner
+
+           @add_logging
+           def add_two(x: float, y: float) -> float:
+               '''Add two numbers together.'''
+               return x + y
+
+        Parameter specification variables defined with covariant=True or
+        contravariant=True can be used to declare covariant or contravariant
+        generic types.  These keyword arguments are valid, but their actual semantics
+        are yet to be decided.  See PEP 612 for details.
+
+        Parameter specification variables can be introspected. e.g.:
+
+           P.__name__ == 'T'
+           P.__bound__ == None
+           P.__covariant__ == False
+           P.__contravariant__ == False
+
+        Note that only parameter specification variables defined in global scope can
+        be pickled.
+        """
+
+        # Trick Generic __parameters__.
+        __class__ = typing.TypeVar
+
+        @property
+        def args(self):
+            return ParamSpecArgs(self)
+
+        @property
+        def kwargs(self):
+            return ParamSpecKwargs(self)
+
+        def __init__(self, name, *, bound=None, covariant=False, contravariant=False):
+            super().__init__([self])
+            self.__name__ = name
+            self.__covariant__ = bool(covariant)
+            self.__contravariant__ = bool(contravariant)
+            if bound:
+                self.__bound__ = typing._type_check(bound, 'Bound must be a type.')
+            else:
+                self.__bound__ = None
+
+            # for pickling:
+            try:
+                def_mod = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get('__name__', '__main__')
+            except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+                def_mod = None
+            if def_mod != 'typing_extensions':
+                self.__module__ = def_mod
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            if self.__covariant__:
+                prefix = '+'
+            elif self.__contravariant__:
+                prefix = '-'
+            else:
+                prefix = '~'
+            return prefix + self.__name__
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return object.__hash__(self)
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            return self is other
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            return self.__name__
+
+        # Hack to get typing._type_check to pass.
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+
+        if not PEP_560:
+            # Only needed in 3.6.
+            def _get_type_vars(self, tvars):
+                if self not in tvars:
+                    tvars.append(self)
+
+
+# 3.6-3.9
+if not hasattr(typing, 'Concatenate'):
+    # Inherits from list as a workaround for Callable checks in Python < 3.9.2.
+    class _ConcatenateGenericAlias(list):
+
+        # Trick Generic into looking into this for __parameters__.
+        if PEP_560:
+            __class__ = typing._GenericAlias
+        else:
+            __class__ = typing._TypingBase
+
+        # Flag in 3.8.
+        _special = False
+        # Attribute in 3.6 and earlier.
+        _gorg = typing.Generic
+
+        def __init__(self, origin, args):
+            super().__init__(args)
+            self.__origin__ = origin
+            self.__args__ = args
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            _type_repr = typing._type_repr
+            return (f'{_type_repr(self.__origin__)}'
+                    f'[{", ".join(_type_repr(arg) for arg in self.__args__)}]')
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((self.__origin__, self.__args__))
+
+        # Hack to get typing._type_check to pass in Generic.
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+
+        @property
+        def __parameters__(self):
+            return tuple(
+                tp for tp in self.__args__ if isinstance(tp, (typing.TypeVar, ParamSpec))
+            )
+
+        if not PEP_560:
+            # Only required in 3.6.
+            def _get_type_vars(self, tvars):
+                if self.__origin__ and self.__parameters__:
+                    typing._get_type_vars(self.__parameters__, tvars)
+
+
+# 3.6-3.9
+@typing._tp_cache
+def _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters):
+    if parameters == ():
+        raise TypeError("Cannot take a Concatenate of no types.")
+    if not isinstance(parameters, tuple):
+        parameters = (parameters,)
+    if not isinstance(parameters[-1], ParamSpec):
+        raise TypeError("The last parameter to Concatenate should be a "
+                        "ParamSpec variable.")
+    msg = "Concatenate[arg, ...]: each arg must be a type."
+    parameters = tuple(typing._type_check(p, msg) for p in parameters)
+    return _ConcatenateGenericAlias(self, parameters)
+
+
+# 3.10+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Concatenate'):
+    Concatenate = typing.Concatenate
+    _ConcatenateGenericAlias = typing._ConcatenateGenericAlias # noqa
+# 3.9
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    @_TypeAliasForm
+    def Concatenate(self, parameters):
+        """Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """
+        return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+# 3.7-8
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _ConcatenateForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+    Concatenate = _ConcatenateForm(
+        'Concatenate',
+        doc="""Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """)
+# 3.6
+else:
+    class _ConcatenateAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Concatenate."""
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.Concatenate'
+
+    class _ConcatenateAliasBase(typing._FinalTypingBase,
+                                metaclass=_ConcatenateAliasMeta,
+                                _root=True):
+        """Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Concatenate cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Concatenate cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.Concatenate'
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+    Concatenate = _ConcatenateAliasBase(_root=True)
+
+# 3.10+
+if hasattr(typing, 'TypeGuard'):
+    TypeGuard = typing.TypeGuard
+# 3.9
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    class _TypeGuardForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    @_TypeGuardForm
+    def TypeGuard(self, parameters):
+        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """
+        item = typing._type_check(parameters, f'{self} accepts only single type.')
+        return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+# 3.7-3.8
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _TypeGuardForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
+                                      f'{self._name} accepts only a single type')
+            return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+    TypeGuard = _TypeGuardForm(
+        'TypeGuard',
+        doc="""Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """)
+# 3.6
+else:
+    class _TypeGuard(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__type__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tp=None, **kwds):
+            self.__type__ = tp
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is None:
+                return cls(typing._type_check(item,
+                           f'{cls.__name__[1:]} accepts only a single type.'),
+                           _root=True)
+            raise TypeError(f'{cls.__name__[1:]} cannot be further subscripted')
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(new_tp, _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += f'[{typing._type_repr(self.__type__)}]'
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _TypeGuard):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    TypeGuard = _TypeGuard(_root=True)
+
+if hasattr(typing, "Self"):
+    Self = typing.Self
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    # Vendored from cpython typing._SpecialFrom
+    class _SpecialForm(typing._Final, _root=True):
+        __slots__ = ('_name', '__doc__', '_getitem')
+
+        def __init__(self, getitem):
+            self._getitem = getitem
+            self._name = getitem.__name__
+            self.__doc__ = getitem.__doc__
+
+        def __getattr__(self, item):
+            if item in {'__name__', '__qualname__'}:
+                return self._name
+
+            raise AttributeError(item)
+
+        def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
+            raise TypeError(f"Cannot subclass {self!r}")
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return f'typing_extensions.{self._name}'
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            return self._name
+
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwds):
+            raise TypeError(f"Cannot instantiate {self!r}")
+
+        def __or__(self, other):
+            return typing.Union[self, other]
+
+        def __ror__(self, other):
+            return typing.Union[other, self]
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError(f"{self} cannot be used with isinstance()")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError(f"{self} cannot be used with issubclass()")
+
+        @typing._tp_cache
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return self._getitem(self, parameters)
+
+    @_SpecialForm
+    def Self(self, params):
+        """Used to spell the type of "self" in classes.
+
+        Example::
+
+          from typing import Self
+
+          class ReturnsSelf:
+              def parse(self, data: bytes) -> Self:
+                  ...
+                  return self
+
+        """
+
+        raise TypeError(f"{self} is not subscriptable")
+else:
+    class _Self(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """Used to spell the type of "self" in classes.
+
+        Example::
+
+          from typing import Self
+
+          class ReturnsSelf:
+              def parse(self, data: bytes) -> Self:
+                  ...
+                  return self
+
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError(f"{self} cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError(f"{self} cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+    Self = _Self(_root=True)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Required'):
+    Required = typing.Required
+    NotRequired = typing.NotRequired
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    class _ExtensionsSpecialForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    @_ExtensionsSpecialForm
+    def Required(self, parameters):
+        """A special typing construct to mark a key of a total=False TypedDict
+        as required. For example:
+
+            class Movie(TypedDict, total=False):
+                title: Required[str]
+                year: int
+
+            m = Movie(
+                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
+                year=1999,
+            )
+
+        There is no runtime checking that a required key is actually provided
+        when instantiating a related TypedDict.
+        """
+        item = typing._type_check(parameters, f'{self._name} accepts only single type')
+        return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+    @_ExtensionsSpecialForm
+    def NotRequired(self, parameters):
+        """A special typing construct to mark a key of a TypedDict as
+        potentially missing. For example:
+
+            class Movie(TypedDict):
+                title: str
+                year: NotRequired[int]
+
+            m = Movie(
+                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
+                year=1999,
+            )
+        """
+        item = typing._type_check(parameters, f'{self._name} accepts only single type')
+        return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _RequiredForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
+                                      '{} accepts only single type'.format(self._name))
+            return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+    Required = _RequiredForm(
+        'Required',
+        doc="""A special typing construct to mark a key of a total=False TypedDict
+        as required. For example:
+
+            class Movie(TypedDict, total=False):
+                title: Required[str]
+                year: int
+
+            m = Movie(
+                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
+                year=1999,
+            )
+
+        There is no runtime checking that a required key is actually provided
+        when instantiating a related TypedDict.
+        """)
+    NotRequired = _RequiredForm(
+        'NotRequired',
+        doc="""A special typing construct to mark a key of a TypedDict as
+        potentially missing. For example:
+
+            class Movie(TypedDict):
+                title: str
+                year: NotRequired[int]
+
+            m = Movie(
+                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
+                year=1999,
+            )
+        """)
+else:
+    # NOTE: Modeled after _Final's implementation when _FinalTypingBase available
+    class _MaybeRequired(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        __slots__ = ('__type__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tp=None, **kwds):
+            self.__type__ = tp
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is None:
+                return cls(typing._type_check(item,
+                           '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:])),
+                           _root=True)
+            raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                            .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(new_tp, _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, type(self)):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    class _Required(_MaybeRequired, _root=True):
+        """A special typing construct to mark a key of a total=False TypedDict
+        as required. For example:
+
+            class Movie(TypedDict, total=False):
+                title: Required[str]
+                year: int
+
+            m = Movie(
+                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
+                year=1999,
+            )
+
+        There is no runtime checking that a required key is actually provided
+        when instantiating a related TypedDict.
+        """
+
+    class _NotRequired(_MaybeRequired, _root=True):
+        """A special typing construct to mark a key of a TypedDict as
+        potentially missing. For example:
+
+            class Movie(TypedDict):
+                title: str
+                year: NotRequired[int]
+
+            m = Movie(
+                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
+                year=1999,
+            )
+        """
+
+    Required = _Required(_root=True)
+    NotRequired = _NotRequired(_root=True)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe86b59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+"""
+Python HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post support, user friendly, and more
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+# Set default logging handler to avoid "No handler found" warnings.
+import logging
+import warnings
+from logging import NullHandler
+
+from . import exceptions
+from ._version import __version__
+from .connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool, connection_from_url
+from .filepost import encode_multipart_formdata
+from .poolmanager import PoolManager, ProxyManager, proxy_from_url
+from .response import HTTPResponse
+from .util.request import make_headers
+from .util.retry import Retry
+from .util.timeout import Timeout
+from .util.url import get_host
+
+__author__ = "Andrey Petrov (andrey.petrov@shazow.net)"
+__license__ = "MIT"
+__version__ = __version__
+
+__all__ = (
+    "HTTPConnectionPool",
+    "HTTPSConnectionPool",
+    "PoolManager",
+    "ProxyManager",
+    "HTTPResponse",
+    "Retry",
+    "Timeout",
+    "add_stderr_logger",
+    "connection_from_url",
+    "disable_warnings",
+    "encode_multipart_formdata",
+    "get_host",
+    "make_headers",
+    "proxy_from_url",
+)
+
+logging.getLogger(__name__).addHandler(NullHandler())
+
+
+def add_stderr_logger(level=logging.DEBUG):
+    """
+    Helper for quickly adding a StreamHandler to the logger. Useful for
+    debugging.
+
+    Returns the handler after adding it.
+    """
+    # This method needs to be in this __init__.py to get the __name__ correct
+    # even if urllib3 is vendored within another package.
+    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+    handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+    handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s"))
+    logger.addHandler(handler)
+    logger.setLevel(level)
+    logger.debug("Added a stderr logging handler to logger: %s", __name__)
+    return handler
+
+
+# ... Clean up.
+del NullHandler
+
+
+# All warning filters *must* be appended unless you're really certain that they
+# shouldn't be: otherwise, it's very hard for users to use most Python
+# mechanisms to silence them.
+# SecurityWarning's always go off by default.
+warnings.simplefilter("always", exceptions.SecurityWarning, append=True)
+# SubjectAltNameWarning's should go off once per host
+warnings.simplefilter("default", exceptions.SubjectAltNameWarning, append=True)
+# InsecurePlatformWarning's don't vary between requests, so we keep it default.
+warnings.simplefilter("default", exceptions.InsecurePlatformWarning, append=True)
+# SNIMissingWarnings should go off only once.
+warnings.simplefilter("default", exceptions.SNIMissingWarning, append=True)
+
+
+def disable_warnings(category=exceptions.HTTPWarning):
+    """
+    Helper for quickly disabling all urllib3 warnings.
+    """
+    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", category)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/_collections.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/_collections.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da9857e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/_collections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+try:
+    from collections.abc import Mapping, MutableMapping
+except ImportError:
+    from collections import Mapping, MutableMapping
+try:
+    from threading import RLock
+except ImportError:  # Platform-specific: No threads available
+
+    class RLock:
+        def __enter__(self):
+            pass
+
+        def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+            pass
+
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from .exceptions import InvalidHeader
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six import iterkeys, itervalues
+
+__all__ = ["RecentlyUsedContainer", "HTTPHeaderDict"]
+
+
+_Null = object()
+
+
+class RecentlyUsedContainer(MutableMapping):
+    """
+    Provides a thread-safe dict-like container which maintains up to
+    ``maxsize`` keys while throwing away the least-recently-used keys beyond
+    ``maxsize``.
+
+    :param maxsize:
+        Maximum number of recent elements to retain.
+
+    :param dispose_func:
+        Every time an item is evicted from the container,
+        ``dispose_func(value)`` is called.  Callback which will get called
+    """
+
+    ContainerCls = OrderedDict
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize=10, dispose_func=None):
+        self._maxsize = maxsize
+        self.dispose_func = dispose_func
+
+        self._container = self.ContainerCls()
+        self.lock = RLock()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        # Re-insert the item, moving it to the end of the eviction line.
+        with self.lock:
+            item = self._container.pop(key)
+            self._container[key] = item
+            return item
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        evicted_value = _Null
+        with self.lock:
+            # Possibly evict the existing value of 'key'
+            evicted_value = self._container.get(key, _Null)
+            self._container[key] = value
+
+            # If we didn't evict an existing value, we might have to evict the
+            # least recently used item from the beginning of the container.
+            if len(self._container) > self._maxsize:
+                _key, evicted_value = self._container.popitem(last=False)
+
+        if self.dispose_func and evicted_value is not _Null:
+            self.dispose_func(evicted_value)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        with self.lock:
+            value = self._container.pop(key)
+
+        if self.dispose_func:
+            self.dispose_func(value)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        with self.lock:
+            return len(self._container)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Iteration over this class is unlikely to be threadsafe."
+        )
+
+    def clear(self):
+        with self.lock:
+            # Copy pointers to all values, then wipe the mapping
+            values = list(itervalues(self._container))
+            self._container.clear()
+
+        if self.dispose_func:
+            for value in values:
+                self.dispose_func(value)
+
+    def keys(self):
+        with self.lock:
+            return list(iterkeys(self._container))
+
+
+class HTTPHeaderDict(MutableMapping):
+    """
+    :param headers:
+        An iterable of field-value pairs. Must not contain multiple field names
+        when compared case-insensitively.
+
+    :param kwargs:
+        Additional field-value pairs to pass in to ``dict.update``.
+
+    A ``dict`` like container for storing HTTP Headers.
+
+    Field names are stored and compared case-insensitively in compliance with
+    RFC 7230. Iteration provides the first case-sensitive key seen for each
+    case-insensitive pair.
+
+    Using ``__setitem__`` syntax overwrites fields that compare equal
+    case-insensitively in order to maintain ``dict``'s api. For fields that
+    compare equal, instead create a new ``HTTPHeaderDict`` and use ``.add``
+    in a loop.
+
+    If multiple fields that are equal case-insensitively are passed to the
+    constructor or ``.update``, the behavior is undefined and some will be
+    lost.
+
+    >>> headers = HTTPHeaderDict()
+    >>> headers.add('Set-Cookie', 'foo=bar')
+    >>> headers.add('set-cookie', 'baz=quxx')
+    >>> headers['content-length'] = '7'
+    >>> headers['SET-cookie']
+    'foo=bar, baz=quxx'
+    >>> headers['Content-Length']
+    '7'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, headers=None, **kwargs):
+        super(HTTPHeaderDict, self).__init__()
+        self._container = OrderedDict()
+        if headers is not None:
+            if isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict):
+                self._copy_from(headers)
+            else:
+                self.extend(headers)
+        if kwargs:
+            self.extend(kwargs)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, val):
+        self._container[key.lower()] = [key, val]
+        return self._container[key.lower()]
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        val = self._container[key.lower()]
+        return ", ".join(val[1:])
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        del self._container[key.lower()]
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return key.lower() in self._container
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, Mapping) and not hasattr(other, "keys"):
+            return False
+        if not isinstance(other, type(self)):
+            other = type(self)(other)
+        return dict((k.lower(), v) for k, v in self.itermerged()) == dict(
+            (k.lower(), v) for k, v in other.itermerged()
+        )
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+    if six.PY2:  # Python 2
+        iterkeys = MutableMapping.iterkeys
+        itervalues = MutableMapping.itervalues
+
+    __marker = object()
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._container)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        # Only provide the originally cased names
+        for vals in self._container.values():
+            yield vals[0]
+
+    def pop(self, key, default=__marker):
+        """D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.
+        If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised.
+        """
+        # Using the MutableMapping function directly fails due to the private marker.
+        # Using ordinary dict.pop would expose the internal structures.
+        # So let's reinvent the wheel.
+        try:
+            value = self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            if default is self.__marker:
+                raise
+            return default
+        else:
+            del self[key]
+            return value
+
+    def discard(self, key):
+        try:
+            del self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+
+    def add(self, key, val):
+        """Adds a (name, value) pair, doesn't overwrite the value if it already
+        exists.
+
+        >>> headers = HTTPHeaderDict(foo='bar')
+        >>> headers.add('Foo', 'baz')
+        >>> headers['foo']
+        'bar, baz'
+        """
+        key_lower = key.lower()
+        new_vals = [key, val]
+        # Keep the common case aka no item present as fast as possible
+        vals = self._container.setdefault(key_lower, new_vals)
+        if new_vals is not vals:
+            vals.append(val)
+
+    def extend(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Generic import function for any type of header-like object.
+        Adapted version of MutableMapping.update in order to insert items
+        with self.add instead of self.__setitem__
+        """
+        if len(args) > 1:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "extend() takes at most 1 positional "
+                "arguments ({0} given)".format(len(args))
+            )
+        other = args[0] if len(args) >= 1 else ()
+
+        if isinstance(other, HTTPHeaderDict):
+            for key, val in other.iteritems():
+                self.add(key, val)
+        elif isinstance(other, Mapping):
+            for key in other:
+                self.add(key, other[key])
+        elif hasattr(other, "keys"):
+            for key in other.keys():
+                self.add(key, other[key])
+        else:
+            for key, value in other:
+                self.add(key, value)
+
+        for key, value in kwargs.items():
+            self.add(key, value)
+
+    def getlist(self, key, default=__marker):
+        """Returns a list of all the values for the named field. Returns an
+        empty list if the key doesn't exist."""
+        try:
+            vals = self._container[key.lower()]
+        except KeyError:
+            if default is self.__marker:
+                return []
+            return default
+        else:
+            return vals[1:]
+
+    # Backwards compatibility for httplib
+    getheaders = getlist
+    getallmatchingheaders = getlist
+    iget = getlist
+
+    # Backwards compatibility for http.cookiejar
+    get_all = getlist
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s(%s)" % (type(self).__name__, dict(self.itermerged()))
+
+    def _copy_from(self, other):
+        for key in other:
+            val = other.getlist(key)
+            if isinstance(val, list):
+                # Don't need to convert tuples
+                val = list(val)
+            self._container[key.lower()] = [key] + val
+
+    def copy(self):
+        clone = type(self)()
+        clone._copy_from(self)
+        return clone
+
+    def iteritems(self):
+        """Iterate over all header lines, including duplicate ones."""
+        for key in self:
+            vals = self._container[key.lower()]
+            for val in vals[1:]:
+                yield vals[0], val
+
+    def itermerged(self):
+        """Iterate over all headers, merging duplicate ones together."""
+        for key in self:
+            val = self._container[key.lower()]
+            yield val[0], ", ".join(val[1:])
+
+    def items(self):
+        return list(self.iteritems())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_httplib(cls, message):  # Python 2
+        """Read headers from a Python 2 httplib message object."""
+        # python2.7 does not expose a proper API for exporting multiheaders
+        # efficiently. This function re-reads raw lines from the message
+        # object and extracts the multiheaders properly.
+        obs_fold_continued_leaders = (" ", "\t")
+        headers = []
+
+        for line in message.headers:
+            if line.startswith(obs_fold_continued_leaders):
+                if not headers:
+                    # We received a header line that starts with OWS as described
+                    # in RFC-7230 S3.2.4. This indicates a multiline header, but
+                    # there exists no previous header to which we can attach it.
+                    raise InvalidHeader(
+                        "Header continuation with no previous header: %s" % line
+                    )
+                else:
+                    key, value = headers[-1]
+                    headers[-1] = (key, value + " " + line.strip())
+                    continue
+
+            key, value = line.split(":", 1)
+            headers.append((key, value.strip()))
+
+        return cls(headers)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/_version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa8979d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# This file is protected via CODEOWNERS
+__version__ = "1.26.8"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/connection.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d92ac6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,569 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import datetime
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import socket
+import warnings
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six.moves.http_client import HTTPConnection as _HTTPConnection
+from .packages.six.moves.http_client import HTTPException  # noqa: F401
+from .util.proxy import create_proxy_ssl_context
+
+try:  # Compiled with SSL?
+    import ssl
+
+    BaseSSLError = ssl.SSLError
+except (ImportError, AttributeError):  # Platform-specific: No SSL.
+    ssl = None
+
+    class BaseSSLError(BaseException):
+        pass
+
+
+try:
+    # Python 3: not a no-op, we're adding this to the namespace so it can be imported.
+    ConnectionError = ConnectionError
+except NameError:
+    # Python 2
+    class ConnectionError(Exception):
+        pass
+
+
+try:  # Python 3:
+    # Not a no-op, we're adding this to the namespace so it can be imported.
+    BrokenPipeError = BrokenPipeError
+except NameError:  # Python 2:
+
+    class BrokenPipeError(Exception):
+        pass
+
+
+from ._collections import HTTPHeaderDict  # noqa (historical, removed in v2)
+from ._version import __version__
+from .exceptions import (
+    ConnectTimeoutError,
+    NewConnectionError,
+    SubjectAltNameWarning,
+    SystemTimeWarning,
+)
+from .util import SKIP_HEADER, SKIPPABLE_HEADERS, connection
+from .util.ssl_ import (
+    assert_fingerprint,
+    create_urllib3_context,
+    is_ipaddress,
+    resolve_cert_reqs,
+    resolve_ssl_version,
+    ssl_wrap_socket,
+)
+from .util.ssl_match_hostname import CertificateError, match_hostname
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+port_by_scheme = {"http": 80, "https": 443}
+
+# When it comes time to update this value as a part of regular maintenance
+# (ie test_recent_date is failing) update it to ~6 months before the current date.
+RECENT_DATE = datetime.date(2020, 7, 1)
+
+_CONTAINS_CONTROL_CHAR_RE = re.compile(r"[^-!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9a-zA-Z]")
+
+
+class HTTPConnection(_HTTPConnection, object):
+    """
+    Based on :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection` but provides an extra constructor
+    backwards-compatibility layer between older and newer Pythons.
+
+    Additional keyword parameters are used to configure attributes of the connection.
+    Accepted parameters include:
+
+    - ``strict``: See the documentation on :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.HTTPConnectionPool`
+    - ``source_address``: Set the source address for the current connection.
+    - ``socket_options``: Set specific options on the underlying socket. If not specified, then
+      defaults are loaded from ``HTTPConnection.default_socket_options`` which includes disabling
+      Nagle's algorithm (sets TCP_NODELAY to 1) unless the connection is behind a proxy.
+
+      For example, if you wish to enable TCP Keep Alive in addition to the defaults,
+      you might pass:
+
+      .. code-block:: python
+
+         HTTPConnection.default_socket_options + [
+             (socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1),
+         ]
+
+      Or you may want to disable the defaults by passing an empty list (e.g., ``[]``).
+    """
+
+    default_port = port_by_scheme["http"]
+
+    #: Disable Nagle's algorithm by default.
+    #: ``[(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)]``
+    default_socket_options = [(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)]
+
+    #: Whether this connection verifies the host's certificate.
+    is_verified = False
+
+    #: Whether this proxy connection (if used) verifies the proxy host's
+    #: certificate.
+    proxy_is_verified = None
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        if not six.PY2:
+            kw.pop("strict", None)
+
+        # Pre-set source_address.
+        self.source_address = kw.get("source_address")
+
+        #: The socket options provided by the user. If no options are
+        #: provided, we use the default options.
+        self.socket_options = kw.pop("socket_options", self.default_socket_options)
+
+        # Proxy options provided by the user.
+        self.proxy = kw.pop("proxy", None)
+        self.proxy_config = kw.pop("proxy_config", None)
+
+        _HTTPConnection.__init__(self, *args, **kw)
+
+    @property
+    def host(self):
+        """
+        Getter method to remove any trailing dots that indicate the hostname is an FQDN.
+
+        In general, SSL certificates don't include the trailing dot indicating a
+        fully-qualified domain name, and thus, they don't validate properly when
+        checked against a domain name that includes the dot. In addition, some
+        servers may not expect to receive the trailing dot when provided.
+
+        However, the hostname with trailing dot is critical to DNS resolution; doing a
+        lookup with the trailing dot will properly only resolve the appropriate FQDN,
+        whereas a lookup without a trailing dot will search the system's search domain
+        list. Thus, it's important to keep the original host around for use only in
+        those cases where it's appropriate (i.e., when doing DNS lookup to establish the
+        actual TCP connection across which we're going to send HTTP requests).
+        """
+        return self._dns_host.rstrip(".")
+
+    @host.setter
+    def host(self, value):
+        """
+        Setter for the `host` property.
+
+        We assume that only urllib3 uses the _dns_host attribute; httplib itself
+        only uses `host`, and it seems reasonable that other libraries follow suit.
+        """
+        self._dns_host = value
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        """Establish a socket connection and set nodelay settings on it.
+
+        :return: New socket connection.
+        """
+        extra_kw = {}
+        if self.source_address:
+            extra_kw["source_address"] = self.source_address
+
+        if self.socket_options:
+            extra_kw["socket_options"] = self.socket_options
+
+        try:
+            conn = connection.create_connection(
+                (self._dns_host, self.port), self.timeout, **extra_kw
+            )
+
+        except SocketTimeout:
+            raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                self,
+                "Connection to %s timed out. (connect timeout=%s)"
+                % (self.host, self.timeout),
+            )
+
+        except SocketError as e:
+            raise NewConnectionError(
+                self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e
+            )
+
+        return conn
+
+    def _is_using_tunnel(self):
+        # Google App Engine's httplib does not define _tunnel_host
+        return getattr(self, "_tunnel_host", None)
+
+    def _prepare_conn(self, conn):
+        self.sock = conn
+        if self._is_using_tunnel():
+            # TODO: Fix tunnel so it doesn't depend on self.sock state.
+            self._tunnel()
+            # Mark this connection as not reusable
+            self.auto_open = 0
+
+    def connect(self):
+        conn = self._new_conn()
+        self._prepare_conn(conn)
+
+    def putrequest(self, method, url, *args, **kwargs):
+        """ """
+        # Empty docstring because the indentation of CPython's implementation
+        # is broken but we don't want this method in our documentation.
+        match = _CONTAINS_CONTROL_CHAR_RE.search(method)
+        if match:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Method cannot contain non-token characters %r (found at least %r)"
+                % (method, match.group())
+            )
+
+        return _HTTPConnection.putrequest(self, method, url, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def putheader(self, header, *values):
+        """ """
+        if not any(isinstance(v, str) and v == SKIP_HEADER for v in values):
+            _HTTPConnection.putheader(self, header, *values)
+        elif six.ensure_str(header.lower()) not in SKIPPABLE_HEADERS:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "urllib3.util.SKIP_HEADER only supports '%s'"
+                % ("', '".join(map(str.title, sorted(SKIPPABLE_HEADERS))),)
+            )
+
+    def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers=None):
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = {}
+        else:
+            # Avoid modifying the headers passed into .request()
+            headers = headers.copy()
+        if "user-agent" not in (six.ensure_str(k.lower()) for k in headers):
+            headers["User-Agent"] = _get_default_user_agent()
+        super(HTTPConnection, self).request(method, url, body=body, headers=headers)
+
+    def request_chunked(self, method, url, body=None, headers=None):
+        """
+        Alternative to the common request method, which sends the
+        body with chunked encoding and not as one block
+        """
+        headers = headers or {}
+        header_keys = set([six.ensure_str(k.lower()) for k in headers])
+        skip_accept_encoding = "accept-encoding" in header_keys
+        skip_host = "host" in header_keys
+        self.putrequest(
+            method, url, skip_accept_encoding=skip_accept_encoding, skip_host=skip_host
+        )
+        if "user-agent" not in header_keys:
+            self.putheader("User-Agent", _get_default_user_agent())
+        for header, value in headers.items():
+            self.putheader(header, value)
+        if "transfer-encoding" not in header_keys:
+            self.putheader("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")
+        self.endheaders()
+
+        if body is not None:
+            stringish_types = six.string_types + (bytes,)
+            if isinstance(body, stringish_types):
+                body = (body,)
+            for chunk in body:
+                if not chunk:
+                    continue
+                if not isinstance(chunk, bytes):
+                    chunk = chunk.encode("utf8")
+                len_str = hex(len(chunk))[2:]
+                to_send = bytearray(len_str.encode())
+                to_send += b"\r\n"
+                to_send += chunk
+                to_send += b"\r\n"
+                self.send(to_send)
+
+        # After the if clause, to always have a closed body
+        self.send(b"0\r\n\r\n")
+
+
+class HTTPSConnection(HTTPConnection):
+    """
+    Many of the parameters to this constructor are passed to the underlying SSL
+    socket by means of :py:func:`urllib3.util.ssl_wrap_socket`.
+    """
+
+    default_port = port_by_scheme["https"]
+
+    cert_reqs = None
+    ca_certs = None
+    ca_cert_dir = None
+    ca_cert_data = None
+    ssl_version = None
+    assert_fingerprint = None
+    tls_in_tls_required = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host,
+        port=None,
+        key_file=None,
+        cert_file=None,
+        key_password=None,
+        strict=None,
+        timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        ssl_context=None,
+        server_hostname=None,
+        **kw
+    ):
+
+        HTTPConnection.__init__(self, host, port, strict=strict, timeout=timeout, **kw)
+
+        self.key_file = key_file
+        self.cert_file = cert_file
+        self.key_password = key_password
+        self.ssl_context = ssl_context
+        self.server_hostname = server_hostname
+
+        # Required property for Google AppEngine 1.9.0 which otherwise causes
+        # HTTPS requests to go out as HTTP. (See Issue #356)
+        self._protocol = "https"
+
+    def set_cert(
+        self,
+        key_file=None,
+        cert_file=None,
+        cert_reqs=None,
+        key_password=None,
+        ca_certs=None,
+        assert_hostname=None,
+        assert_fingerprint=None,
+        ca_cert_dir=None,
+        ca_cert_data=None,
+    ):
+        """
+        This method should only be called once, before the connection is used.
+        """
+        # If cert_reqs is not provided we'll assume CERT_REQUIRED unless we also
+        # have an SSLContext object in which case we'll use its verify_mode.
+        if cert_reqs is None:
+            if self.ssl_context is not None:
+                cert_reqs = self.ssl_context.verify_mode
+            else:
+                cert_reqs = resolve_cert_reqs(None)
+
+        self.key_file = key_file
+        self.cert_file = cert_file
+        self.cert_reqs = cert_reqs
+        self.key_password = key_password
+        self.assert_hostname = assert_hostname
+        self.assert_fingerprint = assert_fingerprint
+        self.ca_certs = ca_certs and os.path.expanduser(ca_certs)
+        self.ca_cert_dir = ca_cert_dir and os.path.expanduser(ca_cert_dir)
+        self.ca_cert_data = ca_cert_data
+
+    def connect(self):
+        # Add certificate verification
+        conn = self._new_conn()
+        hostname = self.host
+        tls_in_tls = False
+
+        if self._is_using_tunnel():
+            if self.tls_in_tls_required:
+                conn = self._connect_tls_proxy(hostname, conn)
+                tls_in_tls = True
+
+            self.sock = conn
+
+            # Calls self._set_hostport(), so self.host is
+            # self._tunnel_host below.
+            self._tunnel()
+            # Mark this connection as not reusable
+            self.auto_open = 0
+
+            # Override the host with the one we're requesting data from.
+            hostname = self._tunnel_host
+
+        server_hostname = hostname
+        if self.server_hostname is not None:
+            server_hostname = self.server_hostname
+
+        is_time_off = datetime.date.today() < RECENT_DATE
+        if is_time_off:
+            warnings.warn(
+                (
+                    "System time is way off (before {0}). This will probably "
+                    "lead to SSL verification errors"
+                ).format(RECENT_DATE),
+                SystemTimeWarning,
+            )
+
+        # Wrap socket using verification with the root certs in
+        # trusted_root_certs
+        default_ssl_context = False
+        if self.ssl_context is None:
+            default_ssl_context = True
+            self.ssl_context = create_urllib3_context(
+                ssl_version=resolve_ssl_version(self.ssl_version),
+                cert_reqs=resolve_cert_reqs(self.cert_reqs),
+            )
+
+        context = self.ssl_context
+        context.verify_mode = resolve_cert_reqs(self.cert_reqs)
+
+        # Try to load OS default certs if none are given.
+        # Works well on Windows (requires Python3.4+)
+        if (
+            not self.ca_certs
+            and not self.ca_cert_dir
+            and not self.ca_cert_data
+            and default_ssl_context
+            and hasattr(context, "load_default_certs")
+        ):
+            context.load_default_certs()
+
+        self.sock = ssl_wrap_socket(
+            sock=conn,
+            keyfile=self.key_file,
+            certfile=self.cert_file,
+            key_password=self.key_password,
+            ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+            ca_cert_dir=self.ca_cert_dir,
+            ca_cert_data=self.ca_cert_data,
+            server_hostname=server_hostname,
+            ssl_context=context,
+            tls_in_tls=tls_in_tls,
+        )
+
+        # If we're using all defaults and the connection
+        # is TLSv1 or TLSv1.1 we throw a DeprecationWarning
+        # for the host.
+        if (
+            default_ssl_context
+            and self.ssl_version is None
+            and hasattr(self.sock, "version")
+            and self.sock.version() in {"TLSv1", "TLSv1.1"}
+        ):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Negotiating TLSv1/TLSv1.1 by default is deprecated "
+                "and will be disabled in urllib3 v2.0.0. Connecting to "
+                "'%s' with '%s' can be enabled by explicitly opting-in "
+                "with 'ssl_version'" % (self.host, self.sock.version()),
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+
+        if self.assert_fingerprint:
+            assert_fingerprint(
+                self.sock.getpeercert(binary_form=True), self.assert_fingerprint
+            )
+        elif (
+            context.verify_mode != ssl.CERT_NONE
+            and not getattr(context, "check_hostname", False)
+            and self.assert_hostname is not False
+        ):
+            # While urllib3 attempts to always turn off hostname matching from
+            # the TLS library, this cannot always be done. So we check whether
+            # the TLS Library still thinks it's matching hostnames.
+            cert = self.sock.getpeercert()
+            if not cert.get("subjectAltName", ()):
+                warnings.warn(
+                    (
+                        "Certificate for {0} has no `subjectAltName`, falling back to check for a "
+                        "`commonName` for now. This feature is being removed by major browsers and "
+                        "deprecated by RFC 2818. (See https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/497 "
+                        "for details.)".format(hostname)
+                    ),
+                    SubjectAltNameWarning,
+                )
+            _match_hostname(cert, self.assert_hostname or server_hostname)
+
+        self.is_verified = (
+            context.verify_mode == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+            or self.assert_fingerprint is not None
+        )
+
+    def _connect_tls_proxy(self, hostname, conn):
+        """
+        Establish a TLS connection to the proxy using the provided SSL context.
+        """
+        proxy_config = self.proxy_config
+        ssl_context = proxy_config.ssl_context
+        if ssl_context:
+            # If the user provided a proxy context, we assume CA and client
+            # certificates have already been set
+            return ssl_wrap_socket(
+                sock=conn,
+                server_hostname=hostname,
+                ssl_context=ssl_context,
+            )
+
+        ssl_context = create_proxy_ssl_context(
+            self.ssl_version,
+            self.cert_reqs,
+            self.ca_certs,
+            self.ca_cert_dir,
+            self.ca_cert_data,
+        )
+
+        # If no cert was provided, use only the default options for server
+        # certificate validation
+        socket = ssl_wrap_socket(
+            sock=conn,
+            ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+            ca_cert_dir=self.ca_cert_dir,
+            ca_cert_data=self.ca_cert_data,
+            server_hostname=hostname,
+            ssl_context=ssl_context,
+        )
+
+        if ssl_context.verify_mode != ssl.CERT_NONE and not getattr(
+            ssl_context, "check_hostname", False
+        ):
+            # While urllib3 attempts to always turn off hostname matching from
+            # the TLS library, this cannot always be done. So we check whether
+            # the TLS Library still thinks it's matching hostnames.
+            cert = socket.getpeercert()
+            if not cert.get("subjectAltName", ()):
+                warnings.warn(
+                    (
+                        "Certificate for {0} has no `subjectAltName`, falling back to check for a "
+                        "`commonName` for now. This feature is being removed by major browsers and "
+                        "deprecated by RFC 2818. (See https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/497 "
+                        "for details.)".format(hostname)
+                    ),
+                    SubjectAltNameWarning,
+                )
+            _match_hostname(cert, hostname)
+
+        self.proxy_is_verified = ssl_context.verify_mode == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+        return socket
+
+
+def _match_hostname(cert, asserted_hostname):
+    # Our upstream implementation of ssl.match_hostname()
+    # only applies this normalization to IP addresses so it doesn't
+    # match DNS SANs so we do the same thing!
+    stripped_hostname = asserted_hostname.strip("u[]")
+    if is_ipaddress(stripped_hostname):
+        asserted_hostname = stripped_hostname
+
+    try:
+        match_hostname(cert, asserted_hostname)
+    except CertificateError as e:
+        log.warning(
+            "Certificate did not match expected hostname: %s. Certificate: %s",
+            asserted_hostname,
+            cert,
+        )
+        # Add cert to exception and reraise so client code can inspect
+        # the cert when catching the exception, if they want to
+        e._peer_cert = cert
+        raise
+
+
+def _get_default_user_agent():
+    return "python-urllib3/%s" % __version__
+
+
+class DummyConnection(object):
+    """Used to detect a failed ConnectionCls import."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+if not ssl:
+    HTTPSConnection = DummyConnection  # noqa: F811
+
+
+VerifiedHTTPSConnection = HTTPSConnection
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/connectionpool.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/connectionpool.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15bffcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/connectionpool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1108 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import errno
+import logging
+import re
+import socket
+import sys
+import warnings
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+from .connection import (
+    BaseSSLError,
+    BrokenPipeError,
+    DummyConnection,
+    HTTPConnection,
+    HTTPException,
+    HTTPSConnection,
+    VerifiedHTTPSConnection,
+    port_by_scheme,
+)
+from .exceptions import (
+    ClosedPoolError,
+    EmptyPoolError,
+    HeaderParsingError,
+    HostChangedError,
+    InsecureRequestWarning,
+    LocationValueError,
+    MaxRetryError,
+    NewConnectionError,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ProxyError,
+    ReadTimeoutError,
+    SSLError,
+    TimeoutError,
+)
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six.moves import queue
+from .request import RequestMethods
+from .response import HTTPResponse
+from .util.connection import is_connection_dropped
+from .util.proxy import connection_requires_http_tunnel
+from .util.queue import LifoQueue
+from .util.request import set_file_position
+from .util.response import assert_header_parsing
+from .util.retry import Retry
+from .util.ssl_match_hostname import CertificateError
+from .util.timeout import Timeout
+from .util.url import Url, _encode_target
+from .util.url import _normalize_host as normalize_host
+from .util.url import get_host, parse_url
+
+xrange = six.moves.xrange
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_Default = object()
+
+
+# Pool objects
+class ConnectionPool(object):
+    """
+    Base class for all connection pools, such as
+    :class:`.HTTPConnectionPool` and :class:`.HTTPSConnectionPool`.
+
+    .. note::
+       ConnectionPool.urlopen() does not normalize or percent-encode target URIs
+       which is useful if your target server doesn't support percent-encoded
+       target URIs.
+    """
+
+    scheme = None
+    QueueCls = LifoQueue
+
+    def __init__(self, host, port=None):
+        if not host:
+            raise LocationValueError("No host specified.")
+
+        self.host = _normalize_host(host, scheme=self.scheme)
+        self._proxy_host = host.lower()
+        self.port = port
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "%s(host=%r, port=%r)" % (type(self).__name__, self.host, self.port)
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        self.close()
+        # Return False to re-raise any potential exceptions
+        return False
+
+    def close(self):
+        """
+        Close all pooled connections and disable the pool.
+        """
+        pass
+
+
+# This is taken from http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/7aaba721ebc0/Lib/socket.py#l252
+_blocking_errnos = {errno.EAGAIN, errno.EWOULDBLOCK}
+
+
+class HTTPConnectionPool(ConnectionPool, RequestMethods):
+    """
+    Thread-safe connection pool for one host.
+
+    :param host:
+        Host used for this HTTP Connection (e.g. "localhost"), passed into
+        :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection`.
+
+    :param port:
+        Port used for this HTTP Connection (None is equivalent to 80), passed
+        into :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection`.
+
+    :param strict:
+        Causes BadStatusLine to be raised if the status line can't be parsed
+        as a valid HTTP/1.0 or 1.1 status line, passed into
+        :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection`.
+
+        .. note::
+           Only works in Python 2. This parameter is ignored in Python 3.
+
+    :param timeout:
+        Socket timeout in seconds for each individual connection. This can
+        be a float or integer, which sets the timeout for the HTTP request,
+        or an instance of :class:`urllib3.util.Timeout` which gives you more
+        fine-grained control over request timeouts. After the constructor has
+        been parsed, this is always a `urllib3.util.Timeout` object.
+
+    :param maxsize:
+        Number of connections to save that can be reused. More than 1 is useful
+        in multithreaded situations. If ``block`` is set to False, more
+        connections will be created but they will not be saved once they've
+        been used.
+
+    :param block:
+        If set to True, no more than ``maxsize`` connections will be used at
+        a time. When no free connections are available, the call will block
+        until a connection has been released. This is a useful side effect for
+        particular multithreaded situations where one does not want to use more
+        than maxsize connections per host to prevent flooding.
+
+    :param headers:
+        Headers to include with all requests, unless other headers are given
+        explicitly.
+
+    :param retries:
+        Retry configuration to use by default with requests in this pool.
+
+    :param _proxy:
+        Parsed proxy URL, should not be used directly, instead, see
+        :class:`urllib3.ProxyManager`
+
+    :param _proxy_headers:
+        A dictionary with proxy headers, should not be used directly,
+        instead, see :class:`urllib3.ProxyManager`
+
+    :param \\**conn_kw:
+        Additional parameters are used to create fresh :class:`urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection`,
+        :class:`urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection` instances.
+    """
+
+    scheme = "http"
+    ConnectionCls = HTTPConnection
+    ResponseCls = HTTPResponse
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host,
+        port=None,
+        strict=False,
+        timeout=Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        maxsize=1,
+        block=False,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        _proxy=None,
+        _proxy_headers=None,
+        _proxy_config=None,
+        **conn_kw
+    ):
+        ConnectionPool.__init__(self, host, port)
+        RequestMethods.__init__(self, headers)
+
+        self.strict = strict
+
+        if not isinstance(timeout, Timeout):
+            timeout = Timeout.from_float(timeout)
+
+        if retries is None:
+            retries = Retry.DEFAULT
+
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.retries = retries
+
+        self.pool = self.QueueCls(maxsize)
+        self.block = block
+
+        self.proxy = _proxy
+        self.proxy_headers = _proxy_headers or {}
+        self.proxy_config = _proxy_config
+
+        # Fill the queue up so that doing get() on it will block properly
+        for _ in xrange(maxsize):
+            self.pool.put(None)
+
+        # These are mostly for testing and debugging purposes.
+        self.num_connections = 0
+        self.num_requests = 0
+        self.conn_kw = conn_kw
+
+        if self.proxy:
+            # Enable Nagle's algorithm for proxies, to avoid packet fragmentation.
+            # We cannot know if the user has added default socket options, so we cannot replace the
+            # list.
+            self.conn_kw.setdefault("socket_options", [])
+
+            self.conn_kw["proxy"] = self.proxy
+            self.conn_kw["proxy_config"] = self.proxy_config
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        """
+        Return a fresh :class:`HTTPConnection`.
+        """
+        self.num_connections += 1
+        log.debug(
+            "Starting new HTTP connection (%d): %s:%s",
+            self.num_connections,
+            self.host,
+            self.port or "80",
+        )
+
+        conn = self.ConnectionCls(
+            host=self.host,
+            port=self.port,
+            timeout=self.timeout.connect_timeout,
+            strict=self.strict,
+            **self.conn_kw
+        )
+        return conn
+
+    def _get_conn(self, timeout=None):
+        """
+        Get a connection. Will return a pooled connection if one is available.
+
+        If no connections are available and :prop:`.block` is ``False``, then a
+        fresh connection is returned.
+
+        :param timeout:
+            Seconds to wait before giving up and raising
+            :class:`urllib3.exceptions.EmptyPoolError` if the pool is empty and
+            :prop:`.block` is ``True``.
+        """
+        conn = None
+        try:
+            conn = self.pool.get(block=self.block, timeout=timeout)
+
+        except AttributeError:  # self.pool is None
+            raise ClosedPoolError(self, "Pool is closed.")
+
+        except queue.Empty:
+            if self.block:
+                raise EmptyPoolError(
+                    self,
+                    "Pool reached maximum size and no more connections are allowed.",
+                )
+            pass  # Oh well, we'll create a new connection then
+
+        # If this is a persistent connection, check if it got disconnected
+        if conn and is_connection_dropped(conn):
+            log.debug("Resetting dropped connection: %s", self.host)
+            conn.close()
+            if getattr(conn, "auto_open", 1) == 0:
+                # This is a proxied connection that has been mutated by
+                # http.client._tunnel() and cannot be reused (since it would
+                # attempt to bypass the proxy)
+                conn = None
+
+        return conn or self._new_conn()
+
+    def _put_conn(self, conn):
+        """
+        Put a connection back into the pool.
+
+        :param conn:
+            Connection object for the current host and port as returned by
+            :meth:`._new_conn` or :meth:`._get_conn`.
+
+        If the pool is already full, the connection is closed and discarded
+        because we exceeded maxsize. If connections are discarded frequently,
+        then maxsize should be increased.
+
+        If the pool is closed, then the connection will be closed and discarded.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.pool.put(conn, block=False)
+            return  # Everything is dandy, done.
+        except AttributeError:
+            # self.pool is None.
+            pass
+        except queue.Full:
+            # This should never happen if self.block == True
+            log.warning(
+                "Connection pool is full, discarding connection: %s. Connection pool size: %s",
+                self.host,
+                self.pool.qsize(),
+            )
+        # Connection never got put back into the pool, close it.
+        if conn:
+            conn.close()
+
+    def _validate_conn(self, conn):
+        """
+        Called right before a request is made, after the socket is created.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def _prepare_proxy(self, conn):
+        # Nothing to do for HTTP connections.
+        pass
+
+    def _get_timeout(self, timeout):
+        """Helper that always returns a :class:`urllib3.util.Timeout`"""
+        if timeout is _Default:
+            return self.timeout.clone()
+
+        if isinstance(timeout, Timeout):
+            return timeout.clone()
+        else:
+            # User passed us an int/float. This is for backwards compatibility,
+            # can be removed later
+            return Timeout.from_float(timeout)
+
+    def _raise_timeout(self, err, url, timeout_value):
+        """Is the error actually a timeout? Will raise a ReadTimeout or pass"""
+
+        if isinstance(err, SocketTimeout):
+            raise ReadTimeoutError(
+                self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % timeout_value
+            )
+
+        # See the above comment about EAGAIN in Python 3. In Python 2 we have
+        # to specifically catch it and throw the timeout error
+        if hasattr(err, "errno") and err.errno in _blocking_errnos:
+            raise ReadTimeoutError(
+                self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % timeout_value
+            )
+
+        # Catch possible read timeouts thrown as SSL errors. If not the
+        # case, rethrow the original. We need to do this because of:
+        # http://bugs.python.org/issue10272
+        if "timed out" in str(err) or "did not complete (read)" in str(
+            err
+        ):  # Python < 2.7.4
+            raise ReadTimeoutError(
+                self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % timeout_value
+            )
+
+    def _make_request(
+        self, conn, method, url, timeout=_Default, chunked=False, **httplib_request_kw
+    ):
+        """
+        Perform a request on a given urllib connection object taken from our
+        pool.
+
+        :param conn:
+            a connection from one of our connection pools
+
+        :param timeout:
+            Socket timeout in seconds for the request. This can be a
+            float or integer, which will set the same timeout value for
+            the socket connect and the socket read, or an instance of
+            :class:`urllib3.util.Timeout`, which gives you more fine-grained
+            control over your timeouts.
+        """
+        self.num_requests += 1
+
+        timeout_obj = self._get_timeout(timeout)
+        timeout_obj.start_connect()
+        conn.timeout = timeout_obj.connect_timeout
+
+        # Trigger any extra validation we need to do.
+        try:
+            self._validate_conn(conn)
+        except (SocketTimeout, BaseSSLError) as e:
+            # Py2 raises this as a BaseSSLError, Py3 raises it as socket timeout.
+            self._raise_timeout(err=e, url=url, timeout_value=conn.timeout)
+            raise
+
+        # conn.request() calls http.client.*.request, not the method in
+        # urllib3.request. It also calls makefile (recv) on the socket.
+        try:
+            if chunked:
+                conn.request_chunked(method, url, **httplib_request_kw)
+            else:
+                conn.request(method, url, **httplib_request_kw)
+
+        # We are swallowing BrokenPipeError (errno.EPIPE) since the server is
+        # legitimately able to close the connection after sending a valid response.
+        # With this behaviour, the received response is still readable.
+        except BrokenPipeError:
+            # Python 3
+            pass
+        except IOError as e:
+            # Python 2 and macOS/Linux
+            # EPIPE and ESHUTDOWN are BrokenPipeError on Python 2, and EPROTOTYPE is needed on macOS
+            # https://erickt.github.io/blog/2014/11/19/adventures-in-debugging-a-potential-osx-kernel-bug/
+            if e.errno not in {
+                errno.EPIPE,
+                errno.ESHUTDOWN,
+                errno.EPROTOTYPE,
+            }:
+                raise
+
+        # Reset the timeout for the recv() on the socket
+        read_timeout = timeout_obj.read_timeout
+
+        # App Engine doesn't have a sock attr
+        if getattr(conn, "sock", None):
+            # In Python 3 socket.py will catch EAGAIN and return None when you
+            # try and read into the file pointer created by http.client, which
+            # instead raises a BadStatusLine exception. Instead of catching
+            # the exception and assuming all BadStatusLine exceptions are read
+            # timeouts, check for a zero timeout before making the request.
+            if read_timeout == 0:
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(
+                    self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % read_timeout
+                )
+            if read_timeout is Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+                conn.sock.settimeout(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
+            else:  # None or a value
+                conn.sock.settimeout(read_timeout)
+
+        # Receive the response from the server
+        try:
+            try:
+                # Python 2.7, use buffering of HTTP responses
+                httplib_response = conn.getresponse(buffering=True)
+            except TypeError:
+                # Python 3
+                try:
+                    httplib_response = conn.getresponse()
+                except BaseException as e:
+                    # Remove the TypeError from the exception chain in
+                    # Python 3 (including for exceptions like SystemExit).
+                    # Otherwise it looks like a bug in the code.
+                    six.raise_from(e, None)
+        except (SocketTimeout, BaseSSLError, SocketError) as e:
+            self._raise_timeout(err=e, url=url, timeout_value=read_timeout)
+            raise
+
+        # AppEngine doesn't have a version attr.
+        http_version = getattr(conn, "_http_vsn_str", "HTTP/?")
+        log.debug(
+            '%s://%s:%s "%s %s %s" %s %s',
+            self.scheme,
+            self.host,
+            self.port,
+            method,
+            url,
+            http_version,
+            httplib_response.status,
+            httplib_response.length,
+        )
+
+        try:
+            assert_header_parsing(httplib_response.msg)
+        except (HeaderParsingError, TypeError) as hpe:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+            log.warning(
+                "Failed to parse headers (url=%s): %s",
+                self._absolute_url(url),
+                hpe,
+                exc_info=True,
+            )
+
+        return httplib_response
+
+    def _absolute_url(self, path):
+        return Url(scheme=self.scheme, host=self.host, port=self.port, path=path).url
+
+    def close(self):
+        """
+        Close all pooled connections and disable the pool.
+        """
+        if self.pool is None:
+            return
+        # Disable access to the pool
+        old_pool, self.pool = self.pool, None
+
+        try:
+            while True:
+                conn = old_pool.get(block=False)
+                if conn:
+                    conn.close()
+
+        except queue.Empty:
+            pass  # Done.
+
+    def is_same_host(self, url):
+        """
+        Check if the given ``url`` is a member of the same host as this
+        connection pool.
+        """
+        if url.startswith("/"):
+            return True
+
+        # TODO: Add optional support for socket.gethostbyname checking.
+        scheme, host, port = get_host(url)
+        if host is not None:
+            host = _normalize_host(host, scheme=scheme)
+
+        # Use explicit default port for comparison when none is given
+        if self.port and not port:
+            port = port_by_scheme.get(scheme)
+        elif not self.port and port == port_by_scheme.get(scheme):
+            port = None
+
+        return (scheme, host, port) == (self.scheme, self.host, self.port)
+
+    def urlopen(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        body=None,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        redirect=True,
+        assert_same_host=True,
+        timeout=_Default,
+        pool_timeout=None,
+        release_conn=None,
+        chunked=False,
+        body_pos=None,
+        **response_kw
+    ):
+        """
+        Get a connection from the pool and perform an HTTP request. This is the
+        lowest level call for making a request, so you'll need to specify all
+        the raw details.
+
+        .. note::
+
+           More commonly, it's appropriate to use a convenience method provided
+           by :class:`.RequestMethods`, such as :meth:`request`.
+
+        .. note::
+
+           `release_conn` will only behave as expected if
+           `preload_content=False` because we want to make
+           `preload_content=False` the default behaviour someday soon without
+           breaking backwards compatibility.
+
+        :param method:
+            HTTP request method (such as GET, POST, PUT, etc.)
+
+        :param url:
+            The URL to perform the request on.
+
+        :param body:
+            Data to send in the request body, either :class:`str`, :class:`bytes`,
+            an iterable of :class:`str`/:class:`bytes`, or a file-like object.
+
+        :param headers:
+            Dictionary of custom headers to send, such as User-Agent,
+            If-None-Match, etc. If None, pool headers are used. If provided,
+            these headers completely replace any pool-specific headers.
+
+        :param retries:
+            Configure the number of retries to allow before raising a
+            :class:`~urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError` exception.
+
+            Pass ``None`` to retry until you receive a response. Pass a
+            :class:`~urllib3.util.retry.Retry` object for fine-grained control
+            over different types of retries.
+            Pass an integer number to retry connection errors that many times,
+            but no other types of errors. Pass zero to never retry.
+
+            If ``False``, then retries are disabled and any exception is raised
+            immediately. Also, instead of raising a MaxRetryError on redirects,
+            the redirect response will be returned.
+
+        :type retries: :class:`~urllib3.util.retry.Retry`, False, or an int.
+
+        :param redirect:
+            If True, automatically handle redirects (status codes 301, 302,
+            303, 307, 308). Each redirect counts as a retry. Disabling retries
+            will disable redirect, too.
+
+        :param assert_same_host:
+            If ``True``, will make sure that the host of the pool requests is
+            consistent else will raise HostChangedError. When ``False``, you can
+            use the pool on an HTTP proxy and request foreign hosts.
+
+        :param timeout:
+            If specified, overrides the default timeout for this one
+            request. It may be a float (in seconds) or an instance of
+            :class:`urllib3.util.Timeout`.
+
+        :param pool_timeout:
+            If set and the pool is set to block=True, then this method will
+            block for ``pool_timeout`` seconds and raise EmptyPoolError if no
+            connection is available within the time period.
+
+        :param release_conn:
+            If False, then the urlopen call will not release the connection
+            back into the pool once a response is received (but will release if
+            you read the entire contents of the response such as when
+            `preload_content=True`). This is useful if you're not preloading
+            the response's content immediately. You will need to call
+            ``r.release_conn()`` on the response ``r`` to return the connection
+            back into the pool. If None, it takes the value of
+            ``response_kw.get('preload_content', True)``.
+
+        :param chunked:
+            If True, urllib3 will send the body using chunked transfer
+            encoding. Otherwise, urllib3 will send the body using the standard
+            content-length form. Defaults to False.
+
+        :param int body_pos:
+            Position to seek to in file-like body in the event of a retry or
+            redirect. Typically this won't need to be set because urllib3 will
+            auto-populate the value when needed.
+
+        :param \\**response_kw:
+            Additional parameters are passed to
+            :meth:`urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.from_httplib`
+        """
+
+        parsed_url = parse_url(url)
+        destination_scheme = parsed_url.scheme
+
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = self.headers
+
+        if not isinstance(retries, Retry):
+            retries = Retry.from_int(retries, redirect=redirect, default=self.retries)
+
+        if release_conn is None:
+            release_conn = response_kw.get("preload_content", True)
+
+        # Check host
+        if assert_same_host and not self.is_same_host(url):
+            raise HostChangedError(self, url, retries)
+
+        # Ensure that the URL we're connecting to is properly encoded
+        if url.startswith("/"):
+            url = six.ensure_str(_encode_target(url))
+        else:
+            url = six.ensure_str(parsed_url.url)
+
+        conn = None
+
+        # Track whether `conn` needs to be released before
+        # returning/raising/recursing. Update this variable if necessary, and
+        # leave `release_conn` constant throughout the function. That way, if
+        # the function recurses, the original value of `release_conn` will be
+        # passed down into the recursive call, and its value will be respected.
+        #
+        # See issue #651 [1] for details.
+        #
+        # [1] <https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/651>
+        release_this_conn = release_conn
+
+        http_tunnel_required = connection_requires_http_tunnel(
+            self.proxy, self.proxy_config, destination_scheme
+        )
+
+        # Merge the proxy headers. Only done when not using HTTP CONNECT. We
+        # have to copy the headers dict so we can safely change it without those
+        # changes being reflected in anyone else's copy.
+        if not http_tunnel_required:
+            headers = headers.copy()
+            headers.update(self.proxy_headers)
+
+        # Must keep the exception bound to a separate variable or else Python 3
+        # complains about UnboundLocalError.
+        err = None
+
+        # Keep track of whether we cleanly exited the except block. This
+        # ensures we do proper cleanup in finally.
+        clean_exit = False
+
+        # Rewind body position, if needed. Record current position
+        # for future rewinds in the event of a redirect/retry.
+        body_pos = set_file_position(body, body_pos)
+
+        try:
+            # Request a connection from the queue.
+            timeout_obj = self._get_timeout(timeout)
+            conn = self._get_conn(timeout=pool_timeout)
+
+            conn.timeout = timeout_obj.connect_timeout
+
+            is_new_proxy_conn = self.proxy is not None and not getattr(
+                conn, "sock", None
+            )
+            if is_new_proxy_conn and http_tunnel_required:
+                self._prepare_proxy(conn)
+
+            # Make the request on the httplib connection object.
+            httplib_response = self._make_request(
+                conn,
+                method,
+                url,
+                timeout=timeout_obj,
+                body=body,
+                headers=headers,
+                chunked=chunked,
+            )
+
+            # If we're going to release the connection in ``finally:``, then
+            # the response doesn't need to know about the connection. Otherwise
+            # it will also try to release it and we'll have a double-release
+            # mess.
+            response_conn = conn if not release_conn else None
+
+            # Pass method to Response for length checking
+            response_kw["request_method"] = method
+
+            # Import httplib's response into our own wrapper object
+            response = self.ResponseCls.from_httplib(
+                httplib_response,
+                pool=self,
+                connection=response_conn,
+                retries=retries,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+            # Everything went great!
+            clean_exit = True
+
+        except EmptyPoolError:
+            # Didn't get a connection from the pool, no need to clean up
+            clean_exit = True
+            release_this_conn = False
+            raise
+
+        except (
+            TimeoutError,
+            HTTPException,
+            SocketError,
+            ProtocolError,
+            BaseSSLError,
+            SSLError,
+            CertificateError,
+        ) as e:
+            # Discard the connection for these exceptions. It will be
+            # replaced during the next _get_conn() call.
+            clean_exit = False
+
+            def _is_ssl_error_message_from_http_proxy(ssl_error):
+                # We're trying to detect the message 'WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER' but
+                # SSLErrors are kinda all over the place when it comes to the message,
+                # so we try to cover our bases here!
+                message = " ".join(re.split("[^a-z]", str(ssl_error).lower()))
+                return (
+                    "wrong version number" in message or "unknown protocol" in message
+                )
+
+            # Try to detect a common user error with proxies which is to
+            # set an HTTP proxy to be HTTPS when it should be 'http://'
+            # (ie {'http': 'http://proxy', 'https': 'https://proxy'})
+            # Instead we add a nice error message and point to a URL.
+            if (
+                isinstance(e, BaseSSLError)
+                and self.proxy
+                and _is_ssl_error_message_from_http_proxy(e)
+            ):
+                e = ProxyError(
+                    "Your proxy appears to only use HTTP and not HTTPS, "
+                    "try changing your proxy URL to be HTTP. See: "
+                    "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+                    "#https-proxy-error-http-proxy",
+                    SSLError(e),
+                )
+            elif isinstance(e, (BaseSSLError, CertificateError)):
+                e = SSLError(e)
+            elif isinstance(e, (SocketError, NewConnectionError)) and self.proxy:
+                e = ProxyError("Cannot connect to proxy.", e)
+            elif isinstance(e, (SocketError, HTTPException)):
+                e = ProtocolError("Connection aborted.", e)
+
+            retries = retries.increment(
+                method, url, error=e, _pool=self, _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2]
+            )
+            retries.sleep()
+
+            # Keep track of the error for the retry warning.
+            err = e
+
+        finally:
+            if not clean_exit:
+                # We hit some kind of exception, handled or otherwise. We need
+                # to throw the connection away unless explicitly told not to.
+                # Close the connection, set the variable to None, and make sure
+                # we put the None back in the pool to avoid leaking it.
+                conn = conn and conn.close()
+                release_this_conn = True
+
+            if release_this_conn:
+                # Put the connection back to be reused. If the connection is
+                # expired then it will be None, which will get replaced with a
+                # fresh connection during _get_conn.
+                self._put_conn(conn)
+
+        if not conn:
+            # Try again
+            log.warning(
+                "Retrying (%r) after connection broken by '%r': %s", retries, err, url
+            )
+            return self.urlopen(
+                method,
+                url,
+                body,
+                headers,
+                retries,
+                redirect,
+                assert_same_host,
+                timeout=timeout,
+                pool_timeout=pool_timeout,
+                release_conn=release_conn,
+                chunked=chunked,
+                body_pos=body_pos,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+        # Handle redirect?
+        redirect_location = redirect and response.get_redirect_location()
+        if redirect_location:
+            if response.status == 303:
+                method = "GET"
+
+            try:
+                retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=response, _pool=self)
+            except MaxRetryError:
+                if retries.raise_on_redirect:
+                    response.drain_conn()
+                    raise
+                return response
+
+            response.drain_conn()
+            retries.sleep_for_retry(response)
+            log.debug("Redirecting %s -> %s", url, redirect_location)
+            return self.urlopen(
+                method,
+                redirect_location,
+                body,
+                headers,
+                retries=retries,
+                redirect=redirect,
+                assert_same_host=assert_same_host,
+                timeout=timeout,
+                pool_timeout=pool_timeout,
+                release_conn=release_conn,
+                chunked=chunked,
+                body_pos=body_pos,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+        # Check if we should retry the HTTP response.
+        has_retry_after = bool(response.getheader("Retry-After"))
+        if retries.is_retry(method, response.status, has_retry_after):
+            try:
+                retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=response, _pool=self)
+            except MaxRetryError:
+                if retries.raise_on_status:
+                    response.drain_conn()
+                    raise
+                return response
+
+            response.drain_conn()
+            retries.sleep(response)
+            log.debug("Retry: %s", url)
+            return self.urlopen(
+                method,
+                url,
+                body,
+                headers,
+                retries=retries,
+                redirect=redirect,
+                assert_same_host=assert_same_host,
+                timeout=timeout,
+                pool_timeout=pool_timeout,
+                release_conn=release_conn,
+                chunked=chunked,
+                body_pos=body_pos,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+        return response
+
+
+class HTTPSConnectionPool(HTTPConnectionPool):
+    """
+    Same as :class:`.HTTPConnectionPool`, but HTTPS.
+
+    :class:`.HTTPSConnection` uses one of ``assert_fingerprint``,
+    ``assert_hostname`` and ``host`` in this order to verify connections.
+    If ``assert_hostname`` is False, no verification is done.
+
+    The ``key_file``, ``cert_file``, ``cert_reqs``, ``ca_certs``,
+    ``ca_cert_dir``, ``ssl_version``, ``key_password`` are only used if :mod:`ssl`
+    is available and are fed into :meth:`urllib3.util.ssl_wrap_socket` to upgrade
+    the connection socket into an SSL socket.
+    """
+
+    scheme = "https"
+    ConnectionCls = HTTPSConnection
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host,
+        port=None,
+        strict=False,
+        timeout=Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        maxsize=1,
+        block=False,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        _proxy=None,
+        _proxy_headers=None,
+        key_file=None,
+        cert_file=None,
+        cert_reqs=None,
+        key_password=None,
+        ca_certs=None,
+        ssl_version=None,
+        assert_hostname=None,
+        assert_fingerprint=None,
+        ca_cert_dir=None,
+        **conn_kw
+    ):
+
+        HTTPConnectionPool.__init__(
+            self,
+            host,
+            port,
+            strict,
+            timeout,
+            maxsize,
+            block,
+            headers,
+            retries,
+            _proxy,
+            _proxy_headers,
+            **conn_kw
+        )
+
+        self.key_file = key_file
+        self.cert_file = cert_file
+        self.cert_reqs = cert_reqs
+        self.key_password = key_password
+        self.ca_certs = ca_certs
+        self.ca_cert_dir = ca_cert_dir
+        self.ssl_version = ssl_version
+        self.assert_hostname = assert_hostname
+        self.assert_fingerprint = assert_fingerprint
+
+    def _prepare_conn(self, conn):
+        """
+        Prepare the ``connection`` for :meth:`urllib3.util.ssl_wrap_socket`
+        and establish the tunnel if proxy is used.
+        """
+
+        if isinstance(conn, VerifiedHTTPSConnection):
+            conn.set_cert(
+                key_file=self.key_file,
+                key_password=self.key_password,
+                cert_file=self.cert_file,
+                cert_reqs=self.cert_reqs,
+                ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+                ca_cert_dir=self.ca_cert_dir,
+                assert_hostname=self.assert_hostname,
+                assert_fingerprint=self.assert_fingerprint,
+            )
+            conn.ssl_version = self.ssl_version
+        return conn
+
+    def _prepare_proxy(self, conn):
+        """
+        Establishes a tunnel connection through HTTP CONNECT.
+
+        Tunnel connection is established early because otherwise httplib would
+        improperly set Host: header to proxy's IP:port.
+        """
+
+        conn.set_tunnel(self._proxy_host, self.port, self.proxy_headers)
+
+        if self.proxy.scheme == "https":
+            conn.tls_in_tls_required = True
+
+        conn.connect()
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        """
+        Return a fresh :class:`http.client.HTTPSConnection`.
+        """
+        self.num_connections += 1
+        log.debug(
+            "Starting new HTTPS connection (%d): %s:%s",
+            self.num_connections,
+            self.host,
+            self.port or "443",
+        )
+
+        if not self.ConnectionCls or self.ConnectionCls is DummyConnection:
+            raise SSLError(
+                "Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available."
+            )
+
+        actual_host = self.host
+        actual_port = self.port
+        if self.proxy is not None:
+            actual_host = self.proxy.host
+            actual_port = self.proxy.port
+
+        conn = self.ConnectionCls(
+            host=actual_host,
+            port=actual_port,
+            timeout=self.timeout.connect_timeout,
+            strict=self.strict,
+            cert_file=self.cert_file,
+            key_file=self.key_file,
+            key_password=self.key_password,
+            **self.conn_kw
+        )
+
+        return self._prepare_conn(conn)
+
+    def _validate_conn(self, conn):
+        """
+        Called right before a request is made, after the socket is created.
+        """
+        super(HTTPSConnectionPool, self)._validate_conn(conn)
+
+        # Force connect early to allow us to validate the connection.
+        if not getattr(conn, "sock", None):  # AppEngine might not have  `.sock`
+            conn.connect()
+
+        if not conn.is_verified:
+            warnings.warn(
+                (
+                    "Unverified HTTPS request is being made to host '%s'. "
+                    "Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: "
+                    "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+                    "#ssl-warnings" % conn.host
+                ),
+                InsecureRequestWarning,
+            )
+
+        if getattr(conn, "proxy_is_verified", None) is False:
+            warnings.warn(
+                (
+                    "Unverified HTTPS connection done to an HTTPS proxy. "
+                    "Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: "
+                    "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+                    "#ssl-warnings"
+                ),
+                InsecureRequestWarning,
+            )
+
+
+def connection_from_url(url, **kw):
+    """
+    Given a url, return an :class:`.ConnectionPool` instance of its host.
+
+    This is a shortcut for not having to parse out the scheme, host, and port
+    of the url before creating an :class:`.ConnectionPool` instance.
+
+    :param url:
+        Absolute URL string that must include the scheme. Port is optional.
+
+    :param \\**kw:
+        Passes additional parameters to the constructor of the appropriate
+        :class:`.ConnectionPool`. Useful for specifying things like
+        timeout, maxsize, headers, etc.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> conn = connection_from_url('http://google.com/')
+        >>> r = conn.request('GET', '/')
+    """
+    scheme, host, port = get_host(url)
+    port = port or port_by_scheme.get(scheme, 80)
+    if scheme == "https":
+        return HTTPSConnectionPool(host, port=port, **kw)
+    else:
+        return HTTPConnectionPool(host, port=port, **kw)
+
+
+def _normalize_host(host, scheme):
+    """
+    Normalize hosts for comparisons and use with sockets.
+    """
+
+    host = normalize_host(host, scheme)
+
+    # httplib doesn't like it when we include brackets in IPv6 addresses
+    # Specifically, if we include brackets but also pass the port then
+    # httplib crazily doubles up the square brackets on the Host header.
+    # Instead, we need to make sure we never pass ``None`` as the port.
+    # However, for backward compatibility reasons we can't actually
+    # *assert* that.  See http://bugs.python.org/issue28539
+    if host.startswith("[") and host.endswith("]"):
+        host = host[1:-1]
+    return host
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_appengine_environ.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_appengine_environ.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8765b90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_appengine_environ.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""
+This module provides means to detect the App Engine environment.
+"""
+
+import os
+
+
+def is_appengine():
+    return is_local_appengine() or is_prod_appengine()
+
+
+def is_appengine_sandbox():
+    """Reports if the app is running in the first generation sandbox.
+
+    The second generation runtimes are technically still in a sandbox, but it
+    is much less restrictive, so generally you shouldn't need to check for it.
+    see https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/standard/runtimes
+    """
+    return is_appengine() and os.environ["APPENGINE_RUNTIME"] == "python27"
+
+
+def is_local_appengine():
+    return "APPENGINE_RUNTIME" in os.environ and os.environ.get(
+        "SERVER_SOFTWARE", ""
+    ).startswith("Development/")
+
+
+def is_prod_appengine():
+    return "APPENGINE_RUNTIME" in os.environ and os.environ.get(
+        "SERVER_SOFTWARE", ""
+    ).startswith("Google App Engine/")
+
+
+def is_prod_appengine_mvms():
+    """Deprecated."""
+    return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/bindings.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/bindings.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..264d564
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/bindings.py
@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+"""
+This module uses ctypes to bind a whole bunch of functions and constants from
+SecureTransport. The goal here is to provide the low-level API to
+SecureTransport. These are essentially the C-level functions and constants, and
+they're pretty gross to work with.
+
+This code is a bastardised version of the code found in Will Bond's oscrypto
+library. An enormous debt is owed to him for blazing this trail for us. For
+that reason, this code should be considered to be covered both by urllib3's
+license and by oscrypto's:
+
+    Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Will Bond <will@wbond.net>
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+    copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+    to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+    the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+    and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+    Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+    all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+    AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+    FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+    DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import platform
+from ctypes import (
+    CDLL,
+    CFUNCTYPE,
+    POINTER,
+    c_bool,
+    c_byte,
+    c_char_p,
+    c_int32,
+    c_long,
+    c_size_t,
+    c_uint32,
+    c_ulong,
+    c_void_p,
+)
+from ctypes.util import find_library
+
+from ...packages.six import raise_from
+
+if platform.system() != "Darwin":
+    raise ImportError("Only macOS is supported")
+
+version = platform.mac_ver()[0]
+version_info = tuple(map(int, version.split(".")))
+if version_info < (10, 8):
+    raise OSError(
+        "Only OS X 10.8 and newer are supported, not %s.%s"
+        % (version_info[0], version_info[1])
+    )
+
+
+def load_cdll(name, macos10_16_path):
+    """Loads a CDLL by name, falling back to known path on 10.16+"""
+    try:
+        # Big Sur is technically 11 but we use 10.16 due to the Big Sur
+        # beta being labeled as 10.16.
+        if version_info >= (10, 16):
+            path = macos10_16_path
+        else:
+            path = find_library(name)
+        if not path:
+            raise OSError  # Caught and reraised as 'ImportError'
+        return CDLL(path, use_errno=True)
+    except OSError:
+        raise_from(ImportError("The library %s failed to load" % name), None)
+
+
+Security = load_cdll(
+    "Security", "/System/Library/Frameworks/Security.framework/Security"
+)
+CoreFoundation = load_cdll(
+    "CoreFoundation",
+    "/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation",
+)
+
+
+Boolean = c_bool
+CFIndex = c_long
+CFStringEncoding = c_uint32
+CFData = c_void_p
+CFString = c_void_p
+CFArray = c_void_p
+CFMutableArray = c_void_p
+CFDictionary = c_void_p
+CFError = c_void_p
+CFType = c_void_p
+CFTypeID = c_ulong
+
+CFTypeRef = POINTER(CFType)
+CFAllocatorRef = c_void_p
+
+OSStatus = c_int32
+
+CFDataRef = POINTER(CFData)
+CFStringRef = POINTER(CFString)
+CFArrayRef = POINTER(CFArray)
+CFMutableArrayRef = POINTER(CFMutableArray)
+CFDictionaryRef = POINTER(CFDictionary)
+CFArrayCallBacks = c_void_p
+CFDictionaryKeyCallBacks = c_void_p
+CFDictionaryValueCallBacks = c_void_p
+
+SecCertificateRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SecExternalFormat = c_uint32
+SecExternalItemType = c_uint32
+SecIdentityRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SecItemImportExportFlags = c_uint32
+SecItemImportExportKeyParameters = c_void_p
+SecKeychainRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SSLProtocol = c_uint32
+SSLCipherSuite = c_uint32
+SSLContextRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SecTrustRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SSLConnectionRef = c_uint32
+SecTrustResultType = c_uint32
+SecTrustOptionFlags = c_uint32
+SSLProtocolSide = c_uint32
+SSLConnectionType = c_uint32
+SSLSessionOption = c_uint32
+
+
+try:
+    Security.SecItemImport.argtypes = [
+        CFDataRef,
+        CFStringRef,
+        POINTER(SecExternalFormat),
+        POINTER(SecExternalItemType),
+        SecItemImportExportFlags,
+        POINTER(SecItemImportExportKeyParameters),
+        SecKeychainRef,
+        POINTER(CFArrayRef),
+    ]
+    Security.SecItemImport.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecCertificateGetTypeID.argtypes = []
+    Security.SecCertificateGetTypeID.restype = CFTypeID
+
+    Security.SecIdentityGetTypeID.argtypes = []
+    Security.SecIdentityGetTypeID.restype = CFTypeID
+
+    Security.SecKeyGetTypeID.argtypes = []
+    Security.SecKeyGetTypeID.restype = CFTypeID
+
+    Security.SecCertificateCreateWithData.argtypes = [CFAllocatorRef, CFDataRef]
+    Security.SecCertificateCreateWithData.restype = SecCertificateRef
+
+    Security.SecCertificateCopyData.argtypes = [SecCertificateRef]
+    Security.SecCertificateCopyData.restype = CFDataRef
+
+    Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString.argtypes = [OSStatus, c_void_p]
+    Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString.restype = CFStringRef
+
+    Security.SecIdentityCreateWithCertificate.argtypes = [
+        CFTypeRef,
+        SecCertificateRef,
+        POINTER(SecIdentityRef),
+    ]
+    Security.SecIdentityCreateWithCertificate.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecKeychainCreate.argtypes = [
+        c_char_p,
+        c_uint32,
+        c_void_p,
+        Boolean,
+        c_void_p,
+        POINTER(SecKeychainRef),
+    ]
+    Security.SecKeychainCreate.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecKeychainDelete.argtypes = [SecKeychainRef]
+    Security.SecKeychainDelete.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecPKCS12Import.argtypes = [
+        CFDataRef,
+        CFDictionaryRef,
+        POINTER(CFArrayRef),
+    ]
+    Security.SecPKCS12Import.restype = OSStatus
+
+    SSLReadFunc = CFUNCTYPE(OSStatus, SSLConnectionRef, c_void_p, POINTER(c_size_t))
+    SSLWriteFunc = CFUNCTYPE(
+        OSStatus, SSLConnectionRef, POINTER(c_byte), POINTER(c_size_t)
+    )
+
+    Security.SSLSetIOFuncs.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLReadFunc, SSLWriteFunc]
+    Security.SSLSetIOFuncs.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetPeerID.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, c_char_p, c_size_t]
+    Security.SSLSetPeerID.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetCertificate.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, CFArrayRef]
+    Security.SSLSetCertificate.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetCertificateAuthorities.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, CFTypeRef, Boolean]
+    Security.SSLSetCertificateAuthorities.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetConnection.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLConnectionRef]
+    Security.SSLSetConnection.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetPeerDomainName.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, c_char_p, c_size_t]
+    Security.SSLSetPeerDomainName.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLHandshake.argtypes = [SSLContextRef]
+    Security.SSLHandshake.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLRead.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, c_char_p, c_size_t, POINTER(c_size_t)]
+    Security.SSLRead.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLWrite.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, c_char_p, c_size_t, POINTER(c_size_t)]
+    Security.SSLWrite.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLClose.argtypes = [SSLContextRef]
+    Security.SSLClose.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetNumberSupportedCiphers.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, POINTER(c_size_t)]
+    Security.SSLGetNumberSupportedCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetSupportedCiphers.argtypes = [
+        SSLContextRef,
+        POINTER(SSLCipherSuite),
+        POINTER(c_size_t),
+    ]
+    Security.SSLGetSupportedCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetEnabledCiphers.argtypes = [
+        SSLContextRef,
+        POINTER(SSLCipherSuite),
+        c_size_t,
+    ]
+    Security.SSLSetEnabledCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetNumberEnabledCiphers.argtype = [SSLContextRef, POINTER(c_size_t)]
+    Security.SSLGetNumberEnabledCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetEnabledCiphers.argtypes = [
+        SSLContextRef,
+        POINTER(SSLCipherSuite),
+        POINTER(c_size_t),
+    ]
+    Security.SSLGetEnabledCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetNegotiatedCipher.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, POINTER(SSLCipherSuite)]
+    Security.SSLGetNegotiatedCipher.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetNegotiatedProtocolVersion.argtypes = [
+        SSLContextRef,
+        POINTER(SSLProtocol),
+    ]
+    Security.SSLGetNegotiatedProtocolVersion.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLCopyPeerTrust.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, POINTER(SecTrustRef)]
+    Security.SSLCopyPeerTrust.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificates.argtypes = [SecTrustRef, CFArrayRef]
+    Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificates.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificatesOnly.argstypes = [SecTrustRef, Boolean]
+    Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificatesOnly.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecTrustEvaluate.argtypes = [SecTrustRef, POINTER(SecTrustResultType)]
+    Security.SecTrustEvaluate.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecTrustGetCertificateCount.argtypes = [SecTrustRef]
+    Security.SecTrustGetCertificateCount.restype = CFIndex
+
+    Security.SecTrustGetCertificateAtIndex.argtypes = [SecTrustRef, CFIndex]
+    Security.SecTrustGetCertificateAtIndex.restype = SecCertificateRef
+
+    Security.SSLCreateContext.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        SSLProtocolSide,
+        SSLConnectionType,
+    ]
+    Security.SSLCreateContext.restype = SSLContextRef
+
+    Security.SSLSetSessionOption.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLSessionOption, Boolean]
+    Security.SSLSetSessionOption.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMin.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLProtocol]
+    Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMin.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMax.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLProtocol]
+    Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMax.restype = OSStatus
+
+    try:
+        Security.SSLSetALPNProtocols.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, CFArrayRef]
+        Security.SSLSetALPNProtocols.restype = OSStatus
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Supported only in 10.12+
+        pass
+
+    Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString.argtypes = [OSStatus, c_void_p]
+    Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString.restype = CFStringRef
+
+    Security.SSLReadFunc = SSLReadFunc
+    Security.SSLWriteFunc = SSLWriteFunc
+    Security.SSLContextRef = SSLContextRef
+    Security.SSLProtocol = SSLProtocol
+    Security.SSLCipherSuite = SSLCipherSuite
+    Security.SecIdentityRef = SecIdentityRef
+    Security.SecKeychainRef = SecKeychainRef
+    Security.SecTrustRef = SecTrustRef
+    Security.SecTrustResultType = SecTrustResultType
+    Security.SecExternalFormat = SecExternalFormat
+    Security.OSStatus = OSStatus
+
+    Security.kSecImportExportPassphrase = CFStringRef.in_dll(
+        Security, "kSecImportExportPassphrase"
+    )
+    Security.kSecImportItemIdentity = CFStringRef.in_dll(
+        Security, "kSecImportItemIdentity"
+    )
+
+    # CoreFoundation time!
+    CoreFoundation.CFRetain.argtypes = [CFTypeRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFRetain.restype = CFTypeRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFRelease.argtypes = [CFTypeRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFRelease.restype = None
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFGetTypeID.argtypes = [CFTypeRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFGetTypeID.restype = CFTypeID
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringCreateWithCString.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        c_char_p,
+        CFStringEncoding,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringCreateWithCString.restype = CFStringRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCStringPtr.argtypes = [CFStringRef, CFStringEncoding]
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCStringPtr.restype = c_char_p
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCString.argtypes = [
+        CFStringRef,
+        c_char_p,
+        CFIndex,
+        CFStringEncoding,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCString.restype = c_bool
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataCreate.argtypes = [CFAllocatorRef, c_char_p, CFIndex]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataCreate.restype = CFDataRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataGetLength.argtypes = [CFDataRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataGetLength.restype = CFIndex
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataGetBytePtr.argtypes = [CFDataRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataGetBytePtr.restype = c_void_p
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryCreate.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        POINTER(CFTypeRef),
+        POINTER(CFTypeRef),
+        CFIndex,
+        CFDictionaryKeyCallBacks,
+        CFDictionaryValueCallBacks,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryCreate.restype = CFDictionaryRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryGetValue.argtypes = [CFDictionaryRef, CFTypeRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryGetValue.restype = CFTypeRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreate.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        POINTER(CFTypeRef),
+        CFIndex,
+        CFArrayCallBacks,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreate.restype = CFArrayRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        CFIndex,
+        CFArrayCallBacks,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable.restype = CFMutableArrayRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue.argtypes = [CFMutableArrayRef, c_void_p]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue.restype = None
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetCount.argtypes = [CFArrayRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetCount.restype = CFIndex
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetValueAtIndex.argtypes = [CFArrayRef, CFIndex]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetValueAtIndex.restype = c_void_p
+
+    CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault = CFAllocatorRef.in_dll(
+        CoreFoundation, "kCFAllocatorDefault"
+    )
+    CoreFoundation.kCFTypeArrayCallBacks = c_void_p.in_dll(
+        CoreFoundation, "kCFTypeArrayCallBacks"
+    )
+    CoreFoundation.kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks = c_void_p.in_dll(
+        CoreFoundation, "kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks"
+    )
+    CoreFoundation.kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks = c_void_p.in_dll(
+        CoreFoundation, "kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks"
+    )
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFTypeRef = CFTypeRef
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayRef = CFArrayRef
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringRef = CFStringRef
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryRef = CFDictionaryRef
+
+except (AttributeError):
+    raise ImportError("Error initializing ctypes")
+
+
+class CFConst(object):
+    """
+    A class object that acts as essentially a namespace for CoreFoundation
+    constants.
+    """
+
+    kCFStringEncodingUTF8 = CFStringEncoding(0x08000100)
+
+
+class SecurityConst(object):
+    """
+    A class object that acts as essentially a namespace for Security constants.
+    """
+
+    kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnServerAuth = 0
+
+    kSSLProtocol2 = 1
+    kSSLProtocol3 = 2
+    kTLSProtocol1 = 4
+    kTLSProtocol11 = 7
+    kTLSProtocol12 = 8
+    # SecureTransport does not support TLS 1.3 even if there's a constant for it
+    kTLSProtocol13 = 10
+    kTLSProtocolMaxSupported = 999
+
+    kSSLClientSide = 1
+    kSSLStreamType = 0
+
+    kSecFormatPEMSequence = 10
+
+    kSecTrustResultInvalid = 0
+    kSecTrustResultProceed = 1
+    # This gap is present on purpose: this was kSecTrustResultConfirm, which
+    # is deprecated.
+    kSecTrustResultDeny = 3
+    kSecTrustResultUnspecified = 4
+    kSecTrustResultRecoverableTrustFailure = 5
+    kSecTrustResultFatalTrustFailure = 6
+    kSecTrustResultOtherError = 7
+
+    errSSLProtocol = -9800
+    errSSLWouldBlock = -9803
+    errSSLClosedGraceful = -9805
+    errSSLClosedNoNotify = -9816
+    errSSLClosedAbort = -9806
+
+    errSSLXCertChainInvalid = -9807
+    errSSLCrypto = -9809
+    errSSLInternal = -9810
+    errSSLCertExpired = -9814
+    errSSLCertNotYetValid = -9815
+    errSSLUnknownRootCert = -9812
+    errSSLNoRootCert = -9813
+    errSSLHostNameMismatch = -9843
+    errSSLPeerHandshakeFail = -9824
+    errSSLPeerUserCancelled = -9839
+    errSSLWeakPeerEphemeralDHKey = -9850
+    errSSLServerAuthCompleted = -9841
+    errSSLRecordOverflow = -9847
+
+    errSecVerifyFailed = -67808
+    errSecNoTrustSettings = -25263
+    errSecItemNotFound = -25300
+    errSecInvalidTrustSettings = -25262
+
+    # Cipher suites. We only pick the ones our default cipher string allows.
+    # Source: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/security/1550981-ssl_cipher_suite_values
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0xC02C
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0xC030
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0xC02B
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0xC02F
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 = 0xCCA9
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 = 0xCCA8
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0x009F
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0x009E
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 = 0xC024
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 = 0xC028
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA = 0xC00A
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA = 0xC014
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256 = 0x006B
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA = 0x0039
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 0xC023
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 0xC027
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA = 0xC009
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA = 0xC013
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 0x0067
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA = 0x0033
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0x009D
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0x009C
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256 = 0x003D
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 0x003C
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA = 0x0035
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA = 0x002F
+    TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0x1301
+    TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0x1302
+    TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256 = 0x1305
+    TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256 = 0x1304
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/low_level.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/low_level.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa0b245
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/low_level.py
@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+"""
+Low-level helpers for the SecureTransport bindings.
+
+These are Python functions that are not directly related to the high-level APIs
+but are necessary to get them to work. They include a whole bunch of low-level
+CoreFoundation messing about and memory management. The concerns in this module
+are almost entirely about trying to avoid memory leaks and providing
+appropriate and useful assistance to the higher-level code.
+"""
+import base64
+import ctypes
+import itertools
+import os
+import re
+import ssl
+import struct
+import tempfile
+
+from .bindings import CFConst, CoreFoundation, Security
+
+# This regular expression is used to grab PEM data out of a PEM bundle.
+_PEM_CERTS_RE = re.compile(
+    b"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n(.*?)\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----", re.DOTALL
+)
+
+
+def _cf_data_from_bytes(bytestring):
+    """
+    Given a bytestring, create a CFData object from it. This CFData object must
+    be CFReleased by the caller.
+    """
+    return CoreFoundation.CFDataCreate(
+        CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault, bytestring, len(bytestring)
+    )
+
+
+def _cf_dictionary_from_tuples(tuples):
+    """
+    Given a list of Python tuples, create an associated CFDictionary.
+    """
+    dictionary_size = len(tuples)
+
+    # We need to get the dictionary keys and values out in the same order.
+    keys = (t[0] for t in tuples)
+    values = (t[1] for t in tuples)
+    cf_keys = (CoreFoundation.CFTypeRef * dictionary_size)(*keys)
+    cf_values = (CoreFoundation.CFTypeRef * dictionary_size)(*values)
+
+    return CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryCreate(
+        CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+        cf_keys,
+        cf_values,
+        dictionary_size,
+        CoreFoundation.kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks,
+        CoreFoundation.kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks,
+    )
+
+
+def _cfstr(py_bstr):
+    """
+    Given a Python binary data, create a CFString.
+    The string must be CFReleased by the caller.
+    """
+    c_str = ctypes.c_char_p(py_bstr)
+    cf_str = CoreFoundation.CFStringCreateWithCString(
+        CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+        c_str,
+        CFConst.kCFStringEncodingUTF8,
+    )
+    return cf_str
+
+
+def _create_cfstring_array(lst):
+    """
+    Given a list of Python binary data, create an associated CFMutableArray.
+    The array must be CFReleased by the caller.
+
+    Raises an ssl.SSLError on failure.
+    """
+    cf_arr = None
+    try:
+        cf_arr = CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable(
+            CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            0,
+            ctypes.byref(CoreFoundation.kCFTypeArrayCallBacks),
+        )
+        if not cf_arr:
+            raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate memory!")
+        for item in lst:
+            cf_str = _cfstr(item)
+            if not cf_str:
+                raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate memory!")
+            try:
+                CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue(cf_arr, cf_str)
+            finally:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cf_str)
+    except BaseException as e:
+        if cf_arr:
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cf_arr)
+        raise ssl.SSLError("Unable to allocate array: %s" % (e,))
+    return cf_arr
+
+
+def _cf_string_to_unicode(value):
+    """
+    Creates a Unicode string from a CFString object. Used entirely for error
+    reporting.
+
+    Yes, it annoys me quite a lot that this function is this complex.
+    """
+    value_as_void_p = ctypes.cast(value, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_void_p))
+
+    string = CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCStringPtr(
+        value_as_void_p, CFConst.kCFStringEncodingUTF8
+    )
+    if string is None:
+        buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(1024)
+        result = CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCString(
+            value_as_void_p, buffer, 1024, CFConst.kCFStringEncodingUTF8
+        )
+        if not result:
+            raise OSError("Error copying C string from CFStringRef")
+        string = buffer.value
+    if string is not None:
+        string = string.decode("utf-8")
+    return string
+
+
+def _assert_no_error(error, exception_class=None):
+    """
+    Checks the return code and throws an exception if there is an error to
+    report
+    """
+    if error == 0:
+        return
+
+    cf_error_string = Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString(error, None)
+    output = _cf_string_to_unicode(cf_error_string)
+    CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cf_error_string)
+
+    if output is None or output == u"":
+        output = u"OSStatus %s" % error
+
+    if exception_class is None:
+        exception_class = ssl.SSLError
+
+    raise exception_class(output)
+
+
+def _cert_array_from_pem(pem_bundle):
+    """
+    Given a bundle of certs in PEM format, turns them into a CFArray of certs
+    that can be used to validate a cert chain.
+    """
+    # Normalize the PEM bundle's line endings.
+    pem_bundle = pem_bundle.replace(b"\r\n", b"\n")
+
+    der_certs = [
+        base64.b64decode(match.group(1)) for match in _PEM_CERTS_RE.finditer(pem_bundle)
+    ]
+    if not der_certs:
+        raise ssl.SSLError("No root certificates specified")
+
+    cert_array = CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable(
+        CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+        0,
+        ctypes.byref(CoreFoundation.kCFTypeArrayCallBacks),
+    )
+    if not cert_array:
+        raise ssl.SSLError("Unable to allocate memory!")
+
+    try:
+        for der_bytes in der_certs:
+            certdata = _cf_data_from_bytes(der_bytes)
+            if not certdata:
+                raise ssl.SSLError("Unable to allocate memory!")
+            cert = Security.SecCertificateCreateWithData(
+                CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault, certdata
+            )
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(certdata)
+            if not cert:
+                raise ssl.SSLError("Unable to build cert object!")
+
+            CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue(cert_array, cert)
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cert)
+    except Exception:
+        # We need to free the array before the exception bubbles further.
+        # We only want to do that if an error occurs: otherwise, the caller
+        # should free.
+        CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cert_array)
+        raise
+
+    return cert_array
+
+
+def _is_cert(item):
+    """
+    Returns True if a given CFTypeRef is a certificate.
+    """
+    expected = Security.SecCertificateGetTypeID()
+    return CoreFoundation.CFGetTypeID(item) == expected
+
+
+def _is_identity(item):
+    """
+    Returns True if a given CFTypeRef is an identity.
+    """
+    expected = Security.SecIdentityGetTypeID()
+    return CoreFoundation.CFGetTypeID(item) == expected
+
+
+def _temporary_keychain():
+    """
+    This function creates a temporary Mac keychain that we can use to work with
+    credentials. This keychain uses a one-time password and a temporary file to
+    store the data. We expect to have one keychain per socket. The returned
+    SecKeychainRef must be freed by the caller, including calling
+    SecKeychainDelete.
+
+    Returns a tuple of the SecKeychainRef and the path to the temporary
+    directory that contains it.
+    """
+    # Unfortunately, SecKeychainCreate requires a path to a keychain. This
+    # means we cannot use mkstemp to use a generic temporary file. Instead,
+    # we're going to create a temporary directory and a filename to use there.
+    # This filename will be 8 random bytes expanded into base64. We also need
+    # some random bytes to password-protect the keychain we're creating, so we
+    # ask for 40 random bytes.
+    random_bytes = os.urandom(40)
+    filename = base64.b16encode(random_bytes[:8]).decode("utf-8")
+    password = base64.b16encode(random_bytes[8:])  # Must be valid UTF-8
+    tempdirectory = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+
+    keychain_path = os.path.join(tempdirectory, filename).encode("utf-8")
+
+    # We now want to create the keychain itself.
+    keychain = Security.SecKeychainRef()
+    status = Security.SecKeychainCreate(
+        keychain_path, len(password), password, False, None, ctypes.byref(keychain)
+    )
+    _assert_no_error(status)
+
+    # Having created the keychain, we want to pass it off to the caller.
+    return keychain, tempdirectory
+
+
+def _load_items_from_file(keychain, path):
+    """
+    Given a single file, loads all the trust objects from it into arrays and
+    the keychain.
+    Returns a tuple of lists: the first list is a list of identities, the
+    second a list of certs.
+    """
+    certificates = []
+    identities = []
+    result_array = None
+
+    with open(path, "rb") as f:
+        raw_filedata = f.read()
+
+    try:
+        filedata = CoreFoundation.CFDataCreate(
+            CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault, raw_filedata, len(raw_filedata)
+        )
+        result_array = CoreFoundation.CFArrayRef()
+        result = Security.SecItemImport(
+            filedata,  # cert data
+            None,  # Filename, leaving it out for now
+            None,  # What the type of the file is, we don't care
+            None,  # what's in the file, we don't care
+            0,  # import flags
+            None,  # key params, can include passphrase in the future
+            keychain,  # The keychain to insert into
+            ctypes.byref(result_array),  # Results
+        )
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # A CFArray is not very useful to us as an intermediary
+        # representation, so we are going to extract the objects we want
+        # and then free the array. We don't need to keep hold of keys: the
+        # keychain already has them!
+        result_count = CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetCount(result_array)
+        for index in range(result_count):
+            item = CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(result_array, index)
+            item = ctypes.cast(item, CoreFoundation.CFTypeRef)
+
+            if _is_cert(item):
+                CoreFoundation.CFRetain(item)
+                certificates.append(item)
+            elif _is_identity(item):
+                CoreFoundation.CFRetain(item)
+                identities.append(item)
+    finally:
+        if result_array:
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(result_array)
+
+        CoreFoundation.CFRelease(filedata)
+
+    return (identities, certificates)
+
+
+def _load_client_cert_chain(keychain, *paths):
+    """
+    Load certificates and maybe keys from a number of files. Has the end goal
+    of returning a CFArray containing one SecIdentityRef, and then zero or more
+    SecCertificateRef objects, suitable for use as a client certificate trust
+    chain.
+    """
+    # Ok, the strategy.
+    #
+    # This relies on knowing that macOS will not give you a SecIdentityRef
+    # unless you have imported a key into a keychain. This is a somewhat
+    # artificial limitation of macOS (for example, it doesn't necessarily
+    # affect iOS), but there is nothing inside Security.framework that lets you
+    # get a SecIdentityRef without having a key in a keychain.
+    #
+    # So the policy here is we take all the files and iterate them in order.
+    # Each one will use SecItemImport to have one or more objects loaded from
+    # it. We will also point at a keychain that macOS can use to work with the
+    # private key.
+    #
+    # Once we have all the objects, we'll check what we actually have. If we
+    # already have a SecIdentityRef in hand, fab: we'll use that. Otherwise,
+    # we'll take the first certificate (which we assume to be our leaf) and
+    # ask the keychain to give us a SecIdentityRef with that cert's associated
+    # key.
+    #
+    # We'll then return a CFArray containing the trust chain: one
+    # SecIdentityRef and then zero-or-more SecCertificateRef objects. The
+    # responsibility for freeing this CFArray will be with the caller. This
+    # CFArray must remain alive for the entire connection, so in practice it
+    # will be stored with a single SSLSocket, along with the reference to the
+    # keychain.
+    certificates = []
+    identities = []
+
+    # Filter out bad paths.
+    paths = (path for path in paths if path)
+
+    try:
+        for file_path in paths:
+            new_identities, new_certs = _load_items_from_file(keychain, file_path)
+            identities.extend(new_identities)
+            certificates.extend(new_certs)
+
+        # Ok, we have everything. The question is: do we have an identity? If
+        # not, we want to grab one from the first cert we have.
+        if not identities:
+            new_identity = Security.SecIdentityRef()
+            status = Security.SecIdentityCreateWithCertificate(
+                keychain, certificates[0], ctypes.byref(new_identity)
+            )
+            _assert_no_error(status)
+            identities.append(new_identity)
+
+            # We now want to release the original certificate, as we no longer
+            # need it.
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(certificates.pop(0))
+
+        # We now need to build a new CFArray that holds the trust chain.
+        trust_chain = CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable(
+            CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            0,
+            ctypes.byref(CoreFoundation.kCFTypeArrayCallBacks),
+        )
+        for item in itertools.chain(identities, certificates):
+            # ArrayAppendValue does a CFRetain on the item. That's fine,
+            # because the finally block will release our other refs to them.
+            CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue(trust_chain, item)
+
+        return trust_chain
+    finally:
+        for obj in itertools.chain(identities, certificates):
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(obj)
+
+
+TLS_PROTOCOL_VERSIONS = {
+    "SSLv2": (0, 2),
+    "SSLv3": (3, 0),
+    "TLSv1": (3, 1),
+    "TLSv1.1": (3, 2),
+    "TLSv1.2": (3, 3),
+}
+
+
+def _build_tls_unknown_ca_alert(version):
+    """
+    Builds a TLS alert record for an unknown CA.
+    """
+    ver_maj, ver_min = TLS_PROTOCOL_VERSIONS[version]
+    severity_fatal = 0x02
+    description_unknown_ca = 0x30
+    msg = struct.pack(">BB", severity_fatal, description_unknown_ca)
+    msg_len = len(msg)
+    record_type_alert = 0x15
+    record = struct.pack(">BBBH", record_type_alert, ver_maj, ver_min, msg_len) + msg
+    return record
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/appengine.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/appengine.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6685386
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/appengine.py
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+"""
+This module provides a pool manager that uses Google App Engine's
+`URLFetch Service <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/urlfetch>`_.
+
+Example usage::
+
+    from pip._vendor.urllib3 import PoolManager
+    from pip._vendor.urllib3.contrib.appengine import AppEngineManager, is_appengine_sandbox
+
+    if is_appengine_sandbox():
+        # AppEngineManager uses AppEngine's URLFetch API behind the scenes
+        http = AppEngineManager()
+    else:
+        # PoolManager uses a socket-level API behind the scenes
+        http = PoolManager()
+
+    r = http.request('GET', 'https://google.com/')
+
+There are `limitations <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/\
+urlfetch/#Python_Quotas_and_limits>`_ to the URLFetch service and it may not be
+the best choice for your application. There are three options for using
+urllib3 on Google App Engine:
+
+1. You can use :class:`AppEngineManager` with URLFetch. URLFetch is
+   cost-effective in many circumstances as long as your usage is within the
+   limitations.
+2. You can use a normal :class:`~urllib3.PoolManager` by enabling sockets.
+   Sockets also have `limitations and restrictions
+   <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/sockets/\
+   #limitations-and-restrictions>`_ and have a lower free quota than URLFetch.
+   To use sockets, be sure to specify the following in your ``app.yaml``::
+
+        env_variables:
+            GAE_USE_SOCKETS_HTTPLIB : 'true'
+
+3. If you are using `App Engine Flexible
+<https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/flexible/>`_, you can use the standard
+:class:`PoolManager` without any configuration or special environment variables.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import io
+import logging
+import warnings
+
+from ..exceptions import (
+    HTTPError,
+    HTTPWarning,
+    MaxRetryError,
+    ProtocolError,
+    SSLError,
+    TimeoutError,
+)
+from ..packages.six.moves.urllib.parse import urljoin
+from ..request import RequestMethods
+from ..response import HTTPResponse
+from ..util.retry import Retry
+from ..util.timeout import Timeout
+from . import _appengine_environ
+
+try:
+    from google.appengine.api import urlfetch
+except ImportError:
+    urlfetch = None
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class AppEnginePlatformWarning(HTTPWarning):
+    pass
+
+
+class AppEnginePlatformError(HTTPError):
+    pass
+
+
+class AppEngineManager(RequestMethods):
+    """
+    Connection manager for Google App Engine sandbox applications.
+
+    This manager uses the URLFetch service directly instead of using the
+    emulated httplib, and is subject to URLFetch limitations as described in
+    the App Engine documentation `here
+    <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/urlfetch>`_.
+
+    Notably it will raise an :class:`AppEnginePlatformError` if:
+        * URLFetch is not available.
+        * If you attempt to use this on App Engine Flexible, as full socket
+          support is available.
+        * If a request size is more than 10 megabytes.
+        * If a response size is more than 32 megabytes.
+        * If you use an unsupported request method such as OPTIONS.
+
+    Beyond those cases, it will raise normal urllib3 errors.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        validate_certificate=True,
+        urlfetch_retries=True,
+    ):
+        if not urlfetch:
+            raise AppEnginePlatformError(
+                "URLFetch is not available in this environment."
+            )
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "urllib3 is using URLFetch on Google App Engine sandbox instead "
+            "of sockets. To use sockets directly instead of URLFetch see "
+            "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/reference/urllib3.contrib.html.",
+            AppEnginePlatformWarning,
+        )
+
+        RequestMethods.__init__(self, headers)
+        self.validate_certificate = validate_certificate
+        self.urlfetch_retries = urlfetch_retries
+
+        self.retries = retries or Retry.DEFAULT
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        # Return False to re-raise any potential exceptions
+        return False
+
+    def urlopen(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        body=None,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        redirect=True,
+        timeout=Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        **response_kw
+    ):
+
+        retries = self._get_retries(retries, redirect)
+
+        try:
+            follow_redirects = redirect and retries.redirect != 0 and retries.total
+            response = urlfetch.fetch(
+                url,
+                payload=body,
+                method=method,
+                headers=headers or {},
+                allow_truncated=False,
+                follow_redirects=self.urlfetch_retries and follow_redirects,
+                deadline=self._get_absolute_timeout(timeout),
+                validate_certificate=self.validate_certificate,
+            )
+        except urlfetch.DeadlineExceededError as e:
+            raise TimeoutError(self, e)
+
+        except urlfetch.InvalidURLError as e:
+            if "too large" in str(e):
+                raise AppEnginePlatformError(
+                    "URLFetch request too large, URLFetch only "
+                    "supports requests up to 10mb in size.",
+                    e,
+                )
+            raise ProtocolError(e)
+
+        except urlfetch.DownloadError as e:
+            if "Too many redirects" in str(e):
+                raise MaxRetryError(self, url, reason=e)
+            raise ProtocolError(e)
+
+        except urlfetch.ResponseTooLargeError as e:
+            raise AppEnginePlatformError(
+                "URLFetch response too large, URLFetch only supports"
+                "responses up to 32mb in size.",
+                e,
+            )
+
+        except urlfetch.SSLCertificateError as e:
+            raise SSLError(e)
+
+        except urlfetch.InvalidMethodError as e:
+            raise AppEnginePlatformError(
+                "URLFetch does not support method: %s" % method, e
+            )
+
+        http_response = self._urlfetch_response_to_http_response(
+            response, retries=retries, **response_kw
+        )
+
+        # Handle redirect?
+        redirect_location = redirect and http_response.get_redirect_location()
+        if redirect_location:
+            # Check for redirect response
+            if self.urlfetch_retries and retries.raise_on_redirect:
+                raise MaxRetryError(self, url, "too many redirects")
+            else:
+                if http_response.status == 303:
+                    method = "GET"
+
+                try:
+                    retries = retries.increment(
+                        method, url, response=http_response, _pool=self
+                    )
+                except MaxRetryError:
+                    if retries.raise_on_redirect:
+                        raise MaxRetryError(self, url, "too many redirects")
+                    return http_response
+
+                retries.sleep_for_retry(http_response)
+                log.debug("Redirecting %s -> %s", url, redirect_location)
+                redirect_url = urljoin(url, redirect_location)
+                return self.urlopen(
+                    method,
+                    redirect_url,
+                    body,
+                    headers,
+                    retries=retries,
+                    redirect=redirect,
+                    timeout=timeout,
+                    **response_kw
+                )
+
+        # Check if we should retry the HTTP response.
+        has_retry_after = bool(http_response.getheader("Retry-After"))
+        if retries.is_retry(method, http_response.status, has_retry_after):
+            retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=http_response, _pool=self)
+            log.debug("Retry: %s", url)
+            retries.sleep(http_response)
+            return self.urlopen(
+                method,
+                url,
+                body=body,
+                headers=headers,
+                retries=retries,
+                redirect=redirect,
+                timeout=timeout,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+        return http_response
+
+    def _urlfetch_response_to_http_response(self, urlfetch_resp, **response_kw):
+
+        if is_prod_appengine():
+            # Production GAE handles deflate encoding automatically, but does
+            # not remove the encoding header.
+            content_encoding = urlfetch_resp.headers.get("content-encoding")
+
+            if content_encoding == "deflate":
+                del urlfetch_resp.headers["content-encoding"]
+
+        transfer_encoding = urlfetch_resp.headers.get("transfer-encoding")
+        # We have a full response's content,
+        # so let's make sure we don't report ourselves as chunked data.
+        if transfer_encoding == "chunked":
+            encodings = transfer_encoding.split(",")
+            encodings.remove("chunked")
+            urlfetch_resp.headers["transfer-encoding"] = ",".join(encodings)
+
+        original_response = HTTPResponse(
+            # In order for decoding to work, we must present the content as
+            # a file-like object.
+            body=io.BytesIO(urlfetch_resp.content),
+            msg=urlfetch_resp.header_msg,
+            headers=urlfetch_resp.headers,
+            status=urlfetch_resp.status_code,
+            **response_kw
+        )
+
+        return HTTPResponse(
+            body=io.BytesIO(urlfetch_resp.content),
+            headers=urlfetch_resp.headers,
+            status=urlfetch_resp.status_code,
+            original_response=original_response,
+            **response_kw
+        )
+
+    def _get_absolute_timeout(self, timeout):
+        if timeout is Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+            return None  # Defer to URLFetch's default.
+        if isinstance(timeout, Timeout):
+            if timeout._read is not None or timeout._connect is not None:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "URLFetch does not support granular timeout settings, "
+                    "reverting to total or default URLFetch timeout.",
+                    AppEnginePlatformWarning,
+                )
+            return timeout.total
+        return timeout
+
+    def _get_retries(self, retries, redirect):
+        if not isinstance(retries, Retry):
+            retries = Retry.from_int(retries, redirect=redirect, default=self.retries)
+
+        if retries.connect or retries.read or retries.redirect:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "URLFetch only supports total retries and does not "
+                "recognize connect, read, or redirect retry parameters.",
+                AppEnginePlatformWarning,
+            )
+
+        return retries
+
+
+# Alias methods from _appengine_environ to maintain public API interface.
+
+is_appengine = _appengine_environ.is_appengine
+is_appengine_sandbox = _appengine_environ.is_appengine_sandbox
+is_local_appengine = _appengine_environ.is_local_appengine
+is_prod_appengine = _appengine_environ.is_prod_appengine
+is_prod_appengine_mvms = _appengine_environ.is_prod_appengine_mvms
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/ntlmpool.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/ntlmpool.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41a8fd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/ntlmpool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+"""
+NTLM authenticating pool, contributed by erikcederstran
+
+Issue #10, see: http://code.google.com/p/urllib3/issues/detail?id=10
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import warnings
+from logging import getLogger
+
+from ntlm import ntlm
+
+from .. import HTTPSConnectionPool
+from ..packages.six.moves.http_client import HTTPSConnection
+
+warnings.warn(
+    "The 'urllib3.contrib.ntlmpool' module is deprecated and will be removed "
+    "in urllib3 v2.0 release, urllib3 is not able to support it properly due "
+    "to reasons listed in issue: https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/2282. "
+    "If you are a user of this module please comment in the mentioned issue.",
+    DeprecationWarning,
+)
+
+log = getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class NTLMConnectionPool(HTTPSConnectionPool):
+    """
+    Implements an NTLM authentication version of an urllib3 connection pool
+    """
+
+    scheme = "https"
+
+    def __init__(self, user, pw, authurl, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        authurl is a random URL on the server that is protected by NTLM.
+        user is the Windows user, probably in the DOMAIN\\username format.
+        pw is the password for the user.
+        """
+        super(NTLMConnectionPool, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.authurl = authurl
+        self.rawuser = user
+        user_parts = user.split("\\", 1)
+        self.domain = user_parts[0].upper()
+        self.user = user_parts[1]
+        self.pw = pw
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        # Performs the NTLM handshake that secures the connection. The socket
+        # must be kept open while requests are performed.
+        self.num_connections += 1
+        log.debug(
+            "Starting NTLM HTTPS connection no. %d: https://%s%s",
+            self.num_connections,
+            self.host,
+            self.authurl,
+        )
+
+        headers = {"Connection": "Keep-Alive"}
+        req_header = "Authorization"
+        resp_header = "www-authenticate"
+
+        conn = HTTPSConnection(host=self.host, port=self.port)
+
+        # Send negotiation message
+        headers[req_header] = "NTLM %s" % ntlm.create_NTLM_NEGOTIATE_MESSAGE(
+            self.rawuser
+        )
+        log.debug("Request headers: %s", headers)
+        conn.request("GET", self.authurl, None, headers)
+        res = conn.getresponse()
+        reshdr = dict(res.getheaders())
+        log.debug("Response status: %s %s", res.status, res.reason)
+        log.debug("Response headers: %s", reshdr)
+        log.debug("Response data: %s [...]", res.read(100))
+
+        # Remove the reference to the socket, so that it can not be closed by
+        # the response object (we want to keep the socket open)
+        res.fp = None
+
+        # Server should respond with a challenge message
+        auth_header_values = reshdr[resp_header].split(", ")
+        auth_header_value = None
+        for s in auth_header_values:
+            if s[:5] == "NTLM ":
+                auth_header_value = s[5:]
+        if auth_header_value is None:
+            raise Exception(
+                "Unexpected %s response header: %s" % (resp_header, reshdr[resp_header])
+            )
+
+        # Send authentication message
+        ServerChallenge, NegotiateFlags = ntlm.parse_NTLM_CHALLENGE_MESSAGE(
+            auth_header_value
+        )
+        auth_msg = ntlm.create_NTLM_AUTHENTICATE_MESSAGE(
+            ServerChallenge, self.user, self.domain, self.pw, NegotiateFlags
+        )
+        headers[req_header] = "NTLM %s" % auth_msg
+        log.debug("Request headers: %s", headers)
+        conn.request("GET", self.authurl, None, headers)
+        res = conn.getresponse()
+        log.debug("Response status: %s %s", res.status, res.reason)
+        log.debug("Response headers: %s", dict(res.getheaders()))
+        log.debug("Response data: %s [...]", res.read()[:100])
+        if res.status != 200:
+            if res.status == 401:
+                raise Exception("Server rejected request: wrong username or password")
+            raise Exception("Wrong server response: %s %s" % (res.status, res.reason))
+
+        res.fp = None
+        log.debug("Connection established")
+        return conn
+
+    def urlopen(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        body=None,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=3,
+        redirect=True,
+        assert_same_host=True,
+    ):
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = {}
+        headers["Connection"] = "Keep-Alive"
+        return super(NTLMConnectionPool, self).urlopen(
+            method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/pyopenssl.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/pyopenssl.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3130f51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/pyopenssl.py
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+"""
+TLS with SNI_-support for Python 2. Follow these instructions if you would
+like to verify TLS certificates in Python 2. Note, the default libraries do
+*not* do certificate checking; you need to do additional work to validate
+certificates yourself.
+
+This needs the following packages installed:
+
+* `pyOpenSSL`_ (tested with 16.0.0)
+* `cryptography`_ (minimum 1.3.4, from pyopenssl)
+* `idna`_ (minimum 2.0, from cryptography)
+
+However, pyopenssl depends on cryptography, which depends on idna, so while we
+use all three directly here we end up having relatively few packages required.
+
+You can install them with the following command:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ python -m pip install pyopenssl cryptography idna
+
+To activate certificate checking, call
+:func:`~urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl.inject_into_urllib3` from your Python code
+before you begin making HTTP requests. This can be done in a ``sitecustomize``
+module, or at any other time before your application begins using ``urllib3``,
+like this:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    try:
+        import pip._vendor.urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl as pyopenssl
+        pyopenssl.inject_into_urllib3()
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+Now you can use :mod:`urllib3` as you normally would, and it will support SNI
+when the required modules are installed.
+
+Activating this module also has the positive side effect of disabling SSL/TLS
+compression in Python 2 (see `CRIME attack`_).
+
+.. _sni: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication
+.. _crime attack: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRIME_(security_exploit)
+.. _pyopenssl: https://www.pyopenssl.org
+.. _cryptography: https://cryptography.io
+.. _idna: https://github.com/kjd/idna
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import OpenSSL.SSL
+from cryptography import x509
+from cryptography.hazmat.backends.openssl import backend as openssl_backend
+from cryptography.hazmat.backends.openssl.x509 import _Certificate
+
+try:
+    from cryptography.x509 import UnsupportedExtension
+except ImportError:
+    # UnsupportedExtension is gone in cryptography >= 2.1.0
+    class UnsupportedExtension(Exception):
+        pass
+
+
+from io import BytesIO
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout
+
+try:  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+    from socket import _fileobject
+except ImportError:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+    _fileobject = None
+    from ..packages.backports.makefile import backport_makefile
+
+import logging
+import ssl
+import sys
+
+from .. import util
+from ..packages import six
+from ..util.ssl_ import PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
+
+__all__ = ["inject_into_urllib3", "extract_from_urllib3"]
+
+# SNI always works.
+HAS_SNI = True
+
+# Map from urllib3 to PyOpenSSL compatible parameter-values.
+_openssl_versions = {
+    util.PROTOCOL_TLS: OpenSSL.SSL.SSLv23_METHOD,
+    PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT: OpenSSL.SSL.SSLv23_METHOD,
+    ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1: OpenSSL.SSL.TLSv1_METHOD,
+}
+
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_SSLv3") and hasattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "SSLv3_METHOD"):
+    _openssl_versions[ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv3] = OpenSSL.SSL.SSLv3_METHOD
+
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1") and hasattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "TLSv1_1_METHOD"):
+    _openssl_versions[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1] = OpenSSL.SSL.TLSv1_1_METHOD
+
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2") and hasattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "TLSv1_2_METHOD"):
+    _openssl_versions[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2] = OpenSSL.SSL.TLSv1_2_METHOD
+
+
+_stdlib_to_openssl_verify = {
+    ssl.CERT_NONE: OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_NONE,
+    ssl.CERT_OPTIONAL: OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_PEER,
+    ssl.CERT_REQUIRED: OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_PEER
+    + OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT,
+}
+_openssl_to_stdlib_verify = dict((v, k) for k, v in _stdlib_to_openssl_verify.items())
+
+# OpenSSL will only write 16K at a time
+SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE = 16384
+
+orig_util_HAS_SNI = util.HAS_SNI
+orig_util_SSLContext = util.ssl_.SSLContext
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def inject_into_urllib3():
+    "Monkey-patch urllib3 with PyOpenSSL-backed SSL-support."
+
+    _validate_dependencies_met()
+
+    util.SSLContext = PyOpenSSLContext
+    util.ssl_.SSLContext = PyOpenSSLContext
+    util.HAS_SNI = HAS_SNI
+    util.ssl_.HAS_SNI = HAS_SNI
+    util.IS_PYOPENSSL = True
+    util.ssl_.IS_PYOPENSSL = True
+
+
+def extract_from_urllib3():
+    "Undo monkey-patching by :func:`inject_into_urllib3`."
+
+    util.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
+    util.ssl_.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
+    util.HAS_SNI = orig_util_HAS_SNI
+    util.ssl_.HAS_SNI = orig_util_HAS_SNI
+    util.IS_PYOPENSSL = False
+    util.ssl_.IS_PYOPENSSL = False
+
+
+def _validate_dependencies_met():
+    """
+    Verifies that PyOpenSSL's package-level dependencies have been met.
+    Throws `ImportError` if they are not met.
+    """
+    # Method added in `cryptography==1.1`; not available in older versions
+    from cryptography.x509.extensions import Extensions
+
+    if getattr(Extensions, "get_extension_for_class", None) is None:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "'cryptography' module missing required functionality.  "
+            "Try upgrading to v1.3.4 or newer."
+        )
+
+    # pyOpenSSL 0.14 and above use cryptography for OpenSSL bindings. The _x509
+    # attribute is only present on those versions.
+    from OpenSSL.crypto import X509
+
+    x509 = X509()
+    if getattr(x509, "_x509", None) is None:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "'pyOpenSSL' module missing required functionality. "
+            "Try upgrading to v0.14 or newer."
+        )
+
+
+def _dnsname_to_stdlib(name):
+    """
+    Converts a dNSName SubjectAlternativeName field to the form used by the
+    standard library on the given Python version.
+
+    Cryptography produces a dNSName as a unicode string that was idna-decoded
+    from ASCII bytes. We need to idna-encode that string to get it back, and
+    then on Python 3 we also need to convert to unicode via UTF-8 (the stdlib
+    uses PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize on it, which decodes via UTF-8).
+
+    If the name cannot be idna-encoded then we return None signalling that
+    the name given should be skipped.
+    """
+
+    def idna_encode(name):
+        """
+        Borrowed wholesale from the Python Cryptography Project. It turns out
+        that we can't just safely call `idna.encode`: it can explode for
+        wildcard names. This avoids that problem.
+        """
+        from pip._vendor import idna
+
+        try:
+            for prefix in [u"*.", u"."]:
+                if name.startswith(prefix):
+                    name = name[len(prefix) :]
+                    return prefix.encode("ascii") + idna.encode(name)
+            return idna.encode(name)
+        except idna.core.IDNAError:
+            return None
+
+    # Don't send IPv6 addresses through the IDNA encoder.
+    if ":" in name:
+        return name
+
+    name = idna_encode(name)
+    if name is None:
+        return None
+    elif sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
+        name = name.decode("utf-8")
+    return name
+
+
+def get_subj_alt_name(peer_cert):
+    """
+    Given an PyOpenSSL certificate, provides all the subject alternative names.
+    """
+    # Pass the cert to cryptography, which has much better APIs for this.
+    if hasattr(peer_cert, "to_cryptography"):
+        cert = peer_cert.to_cryptography()
+    else:
+        # This is technically using private APIs, but should work across all
+        # relevant versions before PyOpenSSL got a proper API for this.
+        cert = _Certificate(openssl_backend, peer_cert._x509)
+
+    # We want to find the SAN extension. Ask Cryptography to locate it (it's
+    # faster than looping in Python)
+    try:
+        ext = cert.extensions.get_extension_for_class(x509.SubjectAlternativeName).value
+    except x509.ExtensionNotFound:
+        # No such extension, return the empty list.
+        return []
+    except (
+        x509.DuplicateExtension,
+        UnsupportedExtension,
+        x509.UnsupportedGeneralNameType,
+        UnicodeError,
+    ) as e:
+        # A problem has been found with the quality of the certificate. Assume
+        # no SAN field is present.
+        log.warning(
+            "A problem was encountered with the certificate that prevented "
+            "urllib3 from finding the SubjectAlternativeName field. This can "
+            "affect certificate validation. The error was %s",
+            e,
+        )
+        return []
+
+    # We want to return dNSName and iPAddress fields. We need to cast the IPs
+    # back to strings because the match_hostname function wants them as
+    # strings.
+    # Sadly the DNS names need to be idna encoded and then, on Python 3, UTF-8
+    # decoded. This is pretty frustrating, but that's what the standard library
+    # does with certificates, and so we need to attempt to do the same.
+    # We also want to skip over names which cannot be idna encoded.
+    names = [
+        ("DNS", name)
+        for name in map(_dnsname_to_stdlib, ext.get_values_for_type(x509.DNSName))
+        if name is not None
+    ]
+    names.extend(
+        ("IP Address", str(name)) for name in ext.get_values_for_type(x509.IPAddress)
+    )
+
+    return names
+
+
+class WrappedSocket(object):
+    """API-compatibility wrapper for Python OpenSSL's Connection-class.
+
+    Note: _makefile_refs, _drop() and _reuse() are needed for the garbage
+    collector of pypy.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, connection, socket, suppress_ragged_eofs=True):
+        self.connection = connection
+        self.socket = socket
+        self.suppress_ragged_eofs = suppress_ragged_eofs
+        self._makefile_refs = 0
+        self._closed = False
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        return self.socket.fileno()
+
+    # Copy-pasted from Python 3.5 source code
+    def _decref_socketios(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs > 0:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+        if self._closed:
+            self.close()
+
+    def recv(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            data = self.connection.recv(*args, **kwargs)
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.SysCallError as e:
+            if self.suppress_ragged_eofs and e.args == (-1, "Unexpected EOF"):
+                return b""
+            else:
+                raise SocketError(str(e))
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.ZeroReturnError:
+            if self.connection.get_shutdown() == OpenSSL.SSL.RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN:
+                return b""
+            else:
+                raise
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.WantReadError:
+            if not util.wait_for_read(self.socket, self.socket.gettimeout()):
+                raise timeout("The read operation timed out")
+            else:
+                return self.recv(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        # TLS 1.3 post-handshake authentication
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("read error: %r" % e)
+        else:
+            return data
+
+    def recv_into(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return self.connection.recv_into(*args, **kwargs)
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.SysCallError as e:
+            if self.suppress_ragged_eofs and e.args == (-1, "Unexpected EOF"):
+                return 0
+            else:
+                raise SocketError(str(e))
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.ZeroReturnError:
+            if self.connection.get_shutdown() == OpenSSL.SSL.RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN:
+                return 0
+            else:
+                raise
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.WantReadError:
+            if not util.wait_for_read(self.socket, self.socket.gettimeout()):
+                raise timeout("The read operation timed out")
+            else:
+                return self.recv_into(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        # TLS 1.3 post-handshake authentication
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("read error: %r" % e)
+
+    def settimeout(self, timeout):
+        return self.socket.settimeout(timeout)
+
+    def _send_until_done(self, data):
+        while True:
+            try:
+                return self.connection.send(data)
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.WantWriteError:
+                if not util.wait_for_write(self.socket, self.socket.gettimeout()):
+                    raise timeout()
+                continue
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.SysCallError as e:
+                raise SocketError(str(e))
+
+    def sendall(self, data):
+        total_sent = 0
+        while total_sent < len(data):
+            sent = self._send_until_done(
+                data[total_sent : total_sent + SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE]
+            )
+            total_sent += sent
+
+    def shutdown(self):
+        # FIXME rethrow compatible exceptions should we ever use this
+        self.connection.shutdown()
+
+    def close(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs < 1:
+            try:
+                self._closed = True
+                return self.connection.close()
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.Error:
+                return
+        else:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+
+    def getpeercert(self, binary_form=False):
+        x509 = self.connection.get_peer_certificate()
+
+        if not x509:
+            return x509
+
+        if binary_form:
+            return OpenSSL.crypto.dump_certificate(OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_ASN1, x509)
+
+        return {
+            "subject": ((("commonName", x509.get_subject().CN),),),
+            "subjectAltName": get_subj_alt_name(x509),
+        }
+
+    def version(self):
+        return self.connection.get_protocol_version_name()
+
+    def _reuse(self):
+        self._makefile_refs += 1
+
+    def _drop(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs < 1:
+            self.close()
+        else:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+
+
+if _fileobject:  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+
+    def makefile(self, mode, bufsize=-1):
+        self._makefile_refs += 1
+        return _fileobject(self, mode, bufsize, close=True)
+
+
+else:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+    makefile = backport_makefile
+
+WrappedSocket.makefile = makefile
+
+
+class PyOpenSSLContext(object):
+    """
+    I am a wrapper class for the PyOpenSSL ``Context`` object. I am responsible
+    for translating the interface of the standard library ``SSLContext`` object
+    to calls into PyOpenSSL.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, protocol):
+        self.protocol = _openssl_versions[protocol]
+        self._ctx = OpenSSL.SSL.Context(self.protocol)
+        self._options = 0
+        self.check_hostname = False
+
+    @property
+    def options(self):
+        return self._options
+
+    @options.setter
+    def options(self, value):
+        self._options = value
+        self._ctx.set_options(value)
+
+    @property
+    def verify_mode(self):
+        return _openssl_to_stdlib_verify[self._ctx.get_verify_mode()]
+
+    @verify_mode.setter
+    def verify_mode(self, value):
+        self._ctx.set_verify(_stdlib_to_openssl_verify[value], _verify_callback)
+
+    def set_default_verify_paths(self):
+        self._ctx.set_default_verify_paths()
+
+    def set_ciphers(self, ciphers):
+        if isinstance(ciphers, six.text_type):
+            ciphers = ciphers.encode("utf-8")
+        self._ctx.set_cipher_list(ciphers)
+
+    def load_verify_locations(self, cafile=None, capath=None, cadata=None):
+        if cafile is not None:
+            cafile = cafile.encode("utf-8")
+        if capath is not None:
+            capath = capath.encode("utf-8")
+        try:
+            self._ctx.load_verify_locations(cafile, capath)
+            if cadata is not None:
+                self._ctx.load_verify_locations(BytesIO(cadata))
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("unable to load trusted certificates: %r" % e)
+
+    def load_cert_chain(self, certfile, keyfile=None, password=None):
+        self._ctx.use_certificate_chain_file(certfile)
+        if password is not None:
+            if not isinstance(password, six.binary_type):
+                password = password.encode("utf-8")
+            self._ctx.set_passwd_cb(lambda *_: password)
+        self._ctx.use_privatekey_file(keyfile or certfile)
+
+    def set_alpn_protocols(self, protocols):
+        protocols = [six.ensure_binary(p) for p in protocols]
+        return self._ctx.set_alpn_protos(protocols)
+
+    def wrap_socket(
+        self,
+        sock,
+        server_side=False,
+        do_handshake_on_connect=True,
+        suppress_ragged_eofs=True,
+        server_hostname=None,
+    ):
+        cnx = OpenSSL.SSL.Connection(self._ctx, sock)
+
+        if isinstance(server_hostname, six.text_type):  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+            server_hostname = server_hostname.encode("utf-8")
+
+        if server_hostname is not None:
+            cnx.set_tlsext_host_name(server_hostname)
+
+        cnx.set_connect_state()
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                cnx.do_handshake()
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.WantReadError:
+                if not util.wait_for_read(sock, sock.gettimeout()):
+                    raise timeout("select timed out")
+                continue
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
+                raise ssl.SSLError("bad handshake: %r" % e)
+            break
+
+        return WrappedSocket(cnx, sock)
+
+
+def _verify_callback(cnx, x509, err_no, err_depth, return_code):
+    return err_no == 0
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/securetransport.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/securetransport.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4ca80b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/securetransport.py
@@ -0,0 +1,922 @@
+"""
+SecureTranport support for urllib3 via ctypes.
+
+This makes platform-native TLS available to urllib3 users on macOS without the
+use of a compiler. This is an important feature because the Python Package
+Index is moving to become a TLSv1.2-or-higher server, and the default OpenSSL
+that ships with macOS is not capable of doing TLSv1.2. The only way to resolve
+this is to give macOS users an alternative solution to the problem, and that
+solution is to use SecureTransport.
+
+We use ctypes here because this solution must not require a compiler. That's
+because pip is not allowed to require a compiler either.
+
+This is not intended to be a seriously long-term solution to this problem.
+The hope is that PEP 543 will eventually solve this issue for us, at which
+point we can retire this contrib module. But in the short term, we need to
+solve the impending tire fire that is Python on Mac without this kind of
+contrib module. So...here we are.
+
+To use this module, simply import and inject it::
+
+    import pip._vendor.urllib3.contrib.securetransport as securetransport
+    securetransport.inject_into_urllib3()
+
+Happy TLSing!
+
+This code is a bastardised version of the code found in Will Bond's oscrypto
+library. An enormous debt is owed to him for blazing this trail for us. For
+that reason, this code should be considered to be covered both by urllib3's
+license and by oscrypto's:
+
+.. code-block::
+
+    Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Will Bond <will@wbond.net>
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+    copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+    to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+    the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+    and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+    Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+    all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+    AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+    FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+    DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import contextlib
+import ctypes
+import errno
+import os.path
+import shutil
+import socket
+import ssl
+import struct
+import threading
+import weakref
+
+from pip._vendor import six
+
+from .. import util
+from ..util.ssl_ import PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
+from ._securetransport.bindings import CoreFoundation, Security, SecurityConst
+from ._securetransport.low_level import (
+    _assert_no_error,
+    _build_tls_unknown_ca_alert,
+    _cert_array_from_pem,
+    _create_cfstring_array,
+    _load_client_cert_chain,
+    _temporary_keychain,
+)
+
+try:  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+    from socket import _fileobject
+except ImportError:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+    _fileobject = None
+    from ..packages.backports.makefile import backport_makefile
+
+__all__ = ["inject_into_urllib3", "extract_from_urllib3"]
+
+# SNI always works
+HAS_SNI = True
+
+orig_util_HAS_SNI = util.HAS_SNI
+orig_util_SSLContext = util.ssl_.SSLContext
+
+# This dictionary is used by the read callback to obtain a handle to the
+# calling wrapped socket. This is a pretty silly approach, but for now it'll
+# do. I feel like I should be able to smuggle a handle to the wrapped socket
+# directly in the SSLConnectionRef, but for now this approach will work I
+# guess.
+#
+# We need to lock around this structure for inserts, but we don't do it for
+# reads/writes in the callbacks. The reasoning here goes as follows:
+#
+#    1. It is not possible to call into the callbacks before the dictionary is
+#       populated, so once in the callback the id must be in the dictionary.
+#    2. The callbacks don't mutate the dictionary, they only read from it, and
+#       so cannot conflict with any of the insertions.
+#
+# This is good: if we had to lock in the callbacks we'd drastically slow down
+# the performance of this code.
+_connection_refs = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
+_connection_ref_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+# Limit writes to 16kB. This is OpenSSL's limit, but we'll cargo-cult it over
+# for no better reason than we need *a* limit, and this one is right there.
+SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE = 16384
+
+# This is our equivalent of util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS, but expanded out to
+# individual cipher suites. We need to do this because this is how
+# SecureTransport wants them.
+CIPHER_SUITES = [
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+]
+
+# Basically this is simple: for PROTOCOL_SSLv23 we turn it into a low of
+# TLSv1 and a high of TLSv1.2. For everything else, we pin to that version.
+# TLSv1 to 1.2 are supported on macOS 10.8+
+_protocol_to_min_max = {
+    util.PROTOCOL_TLS: (SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1, SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12),
+    PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT: (SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1, SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12),
+}
+
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_SSLv2"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv2] = (
+        SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol2,
+        SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol2,
+    )
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_SSLv3"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv3] = (
+        SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol3,
+        SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol3,
+    )
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1] = (
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1,
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1,
+    )
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1] = (
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol11,
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol11,
+    )
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2] = (
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12,
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12,
+    )
+
+
+def inject_into_urllib3():
+    """
+    Monkey-patch urllib3 with SecureTransport-backed SSL-support.
+    """
+    util.SSLContext = SecureTransportContext
+    util.ssl_.SSLContext = SecureTransportContext
+    util.HAS_SNI = HAS_SNI
+    util.ssl_.HAS_SNI = HAS_SNI
+    util.IS_SECURETRANSPORT = True
+    util.ssl_.IS_SECURETRANSPORT = True
+
+
+def extract_from_urllib3():
+    """
+    Undo monkey-patching by :func:`inject_into_urllib3`.
+    """
+    util.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
+    util.ssl_.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
+    util.HAS_SNI = orig_util_HAS_SNI
+    util.ssl_.HAS_SNI = orig_util_HAS_SNI
+    util.IS_SECURETRANSPORT = False
+    util.ssl_.IS_SECURETRANSPORT = False
+
+
+def _read_callback(connection_id, data_buffer, data_length_pointer):
+    """
+    SecureTransport read callback. This is called by ST to request that data
+    be returned from the socket.
+    """
+    wrapped_socket = None
+    try:
+        wrapped_socket = _connection_refs.get(connection_id)
+        if wrapped_socket is None:
+            return SecurityConst.errSSLInternal
+        base_socket = wrapped_socket.socket
+
+        requested_length = data_length_pointer[0]
+
+        timeout = wrapped_socket.gettimeout()
+        error = None
+        read_count = 0
+
+        try:
+            while read_count < requested_length:
+                if timeout is None or timeout >= 0:
+                    if not util.wait_for_read(base_socket, timeout):
+                        raise socket.error(errno.EAGAIN, "timed out")
+
+                remaining = requested_length - read_count
+                buffer = (ctypes.c_char * remaining).from_address(
+                    data_buffer + read_count
+                )
+                chunk_size = base_socket.recv_into(buffer, remaining)
+                read_count += chunk_size
+                if not chunk_size:
+                    if not read_count:
+                        return SecurityConst.errSSLClosedGraceful
+                    break
+        except (socket.error) as e:
+            error = e.errno
+
+            if error is not None and error != errno.EAGAIN:
+                data_length_pointer[0] = read_count
+                if error == errno.ECONNRESET or error == errno.EPIPE:
+                    return SecurityConst.errSSLClosedAbort
+                raise
+
+        data_length_pointer[0] = read_count
+
+        if read_count != requested_length:
+            return SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock
+
+        return 0
+    except Exception as e:
+        if wrapped_socket is not None:
+            wrapped_socket._exception = e
+        return SecurityConst.errSSLInternal
+
+
+def _write_callback(connection_id, data_buffer, data_length_pointer):
+    """
+    SecureTransport write callback. This is called by ST to request that data
+    actually be sent on the network.
+    """
+    wrapped_socket = None
+    try:
+        wrapped_socket = _connection_refs.get(connection_id)
+        if wrapped_socket is None:
+            return SecurityConst.errSSLInternal
+        base_socket = wrapped_socket.socket
+
+        bytes_to_write = data_length_pointer[0]
+        data = ctypes.string_at(data_buffer, bytes_to_write)
+
+        timeout = wrapped_socket.gettimeout()
+        error = None
+        sent = 0
+
+        try:
+            while sent < bytes_to_write:
+                if timeout is None or timeout >= 0:
+                    if not util.wait_for_write(base_socket, timeout):
+                        raise socket.error(errno.EAGAIN, "timed out")
+                chunk_sent = base_socket.send(data)
+                sent += chunk_sent
+
+                # This has some needless copying here, but I'm not sure there's
+                # much value in optimising this data path.
+                data = data[chunk_sent:]
+        except (socket.error) as e:
+            error = e.errno
+
+            if error is not None and error != errno.EAGAIN:
+                data_length_pointer[0] = sent
+                if error == errno.ECONNRESET or error == errno.EPIPE:
+                    return SecurityConst.errSSLClosedAbort
+                raise
+
+        data_length_pointer[0] = sent
+
+        if sent != bytes_to_write:
+            return SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock
+
+        return 0
+    except Exception as e:
+        if wrapped_socket is not None:
+            wrapped_socket._exception = e
+        return SecurityConst.errSSLInternal
+
+
+# We need to keep these two objects references alive: if they get GC'd while
+# in use then SecureTransport could attempt to call a function that is in freed
+# memory. That would be...uh...bad. Yeah, that's the word. Bad.
+_read_callback_pointer = Security.SSLReadFunc(_read_callback)
+_write_callback_pointer = Security.SSLWriteFunc(_write_callback)
+
+
+class WrappedSocket(object):
+    """
+    API-compatibility wrapper for Python's OpenSSL wrapped socket object.
+
+    Note: _makefile_refs, _drop(), and _reuse() are needed for the garbage
+    collector of PyPy.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, socket):
+        self.socket = socket
+        self.context = None
+        self._makefile_refs = 0
+        self._closed = False
+        self._exception = None
+        self._keychain = None
+        self._keychain_dir = None
+        self._client_cert_chain = None
+
+        # We save off the previously-configured timeout and then set it to
+        # zero. This is done because we use select and friends to handle the
+        # timeouts, but if we leave the timeout set on the lower socket then
+        # Python will "kindly" call select on that socket again for us. Avoid
+        # that by forcing the timeout to zero.
+        self._timeout = self.socket.gettimeout()
+        self.socket.settimeout(0)
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _raise_on_error(self):
+        """
+        A context manager that can be used to wrap calls that do I/O from
+        SecureTransport. If any of the I/O callbacks hit an exception, this
+        context manager will correctly propagate the exception after the fact.
+        This avoids silently swallowing those exceptions.
+
+        It also correctly forces the socket closed.
+        """
+        self._exception = None
+
+        # We explicitly don't catch around this yield because in the unlikely
+        # event that an exception was hit in the block we don't want to swallow
+        # it.
+        yield
+        if self._exception is not None:
+            exception, self._exception = self._exception, None
+            self.close()
+            raise exception
+
+    def _set_ciphers(self):
+        """
+        Sets up the allowed ciphers. By default this matches the set in
+        util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS, at least as supported by macOS. This is done
+        custom and doesn't allow changing at this time, mostly because parsing
+        OpenSSL cipher strings is going to be a freaking nightmare.
+        """
+        ciphers = (Security.SSLCipherSuite * len(CIPHER_SUITES))(*CIPHER_SUITES)
+        result = Security.SSLSetEnabledCiphers(
+            self.context, ciphers, len(CIPHER_SUITES)
+        )
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+    def _set_alpn_protocols(self, protocols):
+        """
+        Sets up the ALPN protocols on the context.
+        """
+        if not protocols:
+            return
+        protocols_arr = _create_cfstring_array(protocols)
+        try:
+            result = Security.SSLSetALPNProtocols(self.context, protocols_arr)
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+        finally:
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(protocols_arr)
+
+    def _custom_validate(self, verify, trust_bundle):
+        """
+        Called when we have set custom validation. We do this in two cases:
+        first, when cert validation is entirely disabled; and second, when
+        using a custom trust DB.
+        Raises an SSLError if the connection is not trusted.
+        """
+        # If we disabled cert validation, just say: cool.
+        if not verify:
+            return
+
+        successes = (
+            SecurityConst.kSecTrustResultUnspecified,
+            SecurityConst.kSecTrustResultProceed,
+        )
+        try:
+            trust_result = self._evaluate_trust(trust_bundle)
+            if trust_result in successes:
+                return
+            reason = "error code: %d" % (trust_result,)
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Do not trust on error
+            reason = "exception: %r" % (e,)
+
+        # SecureTransport does not send an alert nor shuts down the connection.
+        rec = _build_tls_unknown_ca_alert(self.version())
+        self.socket.sendall(rec)
+        # close the connection immediately
+        # l_onoff = 1, activate linger
+        # l_linger = 0, linger for 0 seoncds
+        opts = struct.pack("ii", 1, 0)
+        self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_LINGER, opts)
+        self.close()
+        raise ssl.SSLError("certificate verify failed, %s" % reason)
+
+    def _evaluate_trust(self, trust_bundle):
+        # We want data in memory, so load it up.
+        if os.path.isfile(trust_bundle):
+            with open(trust_bundle, "rb") as f:
+                trust_bundle = f.read()
+
+        cert_array = None
+        trust = Security.SecTrustRef()
+
+        try:
+            # Get a CFArray that contains the certs we want.
+            cert_array = _cert_array_from_pem(trust_bundle)
+
+            # Ok, now the hard part. We want to get the SecTrustRef that ST has
+            # created for this connection, shove our CAs into it, tell ST to
+            # ignore everything else it knows, and then ask if it can build a
+            # chain. This is a buuuunch of code.
+            result = Security.SSLCopyPeerTrust(self.context, ctypes.byref(trust))
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+            if not trust:
+                raise ssl.SSLError("Failed to copy trust reference")
+
+            result = Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificates(trust, cert_array)
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+            result = Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificatesOnly(trust, True)
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+            trust_result = Security.SecTrustResultType()
+            result = Security.SecTrustEvaluate(trust, ctypes.byref(trust_result))
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+        finally:
+            if trust:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(trust)
+
+            if cert_array is not None:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cert_array)
+
+        return trust_result.value
+
+    def handshake(
+        self,
+        server_hostname,
+        verify,
+        trust_bundle,
+        min_version,
+        max_version,
+        client_cert,
+        client_key,
+        client_key_passphrase,
+        alpn_protocols,
+    ):
+        """
+        Actually performs the TLS handshake. This is run automatically by
+        wrapped socket, and shouldn't be needed in user code.
+        """
+        # First, we do the initial bits of connection setup. We need to create
+        # a context, set its I/O funcs, and set the connection reference.
+        self.context = Security.SSLCreateContext(
+            None, SecurityConst.kSSLClientSide, SecurityConst.kSSLStreamType
+        )
+        result = Security.SSLSetIOFuncs(
+            self.context, _read_callback_pointer, _write_callback_pointer
+        )
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # Here we need to compute the handle to use. We do this by taking the
+        # id of self modulo 2**31 - 1. If this is already in the dictionary, we
+        # just keep incrementing by one until we find a free space.
+        with _connection_ref_lock:
+            handle = id(self) % 2147483647
+            while handle in _connection_refs:
+                handle = (handle + 1) % 2147483647
+            _connection_refs[handle] = self
+
+        result = Security.SSLSetConnection(self.context, handle)
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # If we have a server hostname, we should set that too.
+        if server_hostname:
+            if not isinstance(server_hostname, bytes):
+                server_hostname = server_hostname.encode("utf-8")
+
+            result = Security.SSLSetPeerDomainName(
+                self.context, server_hostname, len(server_hostname)
+            )
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # Setup the ciphers.
+        self._set_ciphers()
+
+        # Setup the ALPN protocols.
+        self._set_alpn_protocols(alpn_protocols)
+
+        # Set the minimum and maximum TLS versions.
+        result = Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMin(self.context, min_version)
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        result = Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMax(self.context, max_version)
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # If there's a trust DB, we need to use it. We do that by telling
+        # SecureTransport to break on server auth. We also do that if we don't
+        # want to validate the certs at all: we just won't actually do any
+        # authing in that case.
+        if not verify or trust_bundle is not None:
+            result = Security.SSLSetSessionOption(
+                self.context, SecurityConst.kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnServerAuth, True
+            )
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # If there's a client cert, we need to use it.
+        if client_cert:
+            self._keychain, self._keychain_dir = _temporary_keychain()
+            self._client_cert_chain = _load_client_cert_chain(
+                self._keychain, client_cert, client_key
+            )
+            result = Security.SSLSetCertificate(self.context, self._client_cert_chain)
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        while True:
+            with self._raise_on_error():
+                result = Security.SSLHandshake(self.context)
+
+                if result == SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock:
+                    raise socket.timeout("handshake timed out")
+                elif result == SecurityConst.errSSLServerAuthCompleted:
+                    self._custom_validate(verify, trust_bundle)
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    _assert_no_error(result)
+                    break
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        return self.socket.fileno()
+
+    # Copy-pasted from Python 3.5 source code
+    def _decref_socketios(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs > 0:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+        if self._closed:
+            self.close()
+
+    def recv(self, bufsiz):
+        buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(bufsiz)
+        bytes_read = self.recv_into(buffer, bufsiz)
+        data = buffer[:bytes_read]
+        return data
+
+    def recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None):
+        # Read short on EOF.
+        if self._closed:
+            return 0
+
+        if nbytes is None:
+            nbytes = len(buffer)
+
+        buffer = (ctypes.c_char * nbytes).from_buffer(buffer)
+        processed_bytes = ctypes.c_size_t(0)
+
+        with self._raise_on_error():
+            result = Security.SSLRead(
+                self.context, buffer, nbytes, ctypes.byref(processed_bytes)
+            )
+
+        # There are some result codes that we want to treat as "not always
+        # errors". Specifically, those are errSSLWouldBlock,
+        # errSSLClosedGraceful, and errSSLClosedNoNotify.
+        if result == SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock:
+            # If we didn't process any bytes, then this was just a time out.
+            # However, we can get errSSLWouldBlock in situations when we *did*
+            # read some data, and in those cases we should just read "short"
+            # and return.
+            if processed_bytes.value == 0:
+                # Timed out, no data read.
+                raise socket.timeout("recv timed out")
+        elif result in (
+            SecurityConst.errSSLClosedGraceful,
+            SecurityConst.errSSLClosedNoNotify,
+        ):
+            # The remote peer has closed this connection. We should do so as
+            # well. Note that we don't actually return here because in
+            # principle this could actually be fired along with return data.
+            # It's unlikely though.
+            self.close()
+        else:
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # Ok, we read and probably succeeded. We should return whatever data
+        # was actually read.
+        return processed_bytes.value
+
+    def settimeout(self, timeout):
+        self._timeout = timeout
+
+    def gettimeout(self):
+        return self._timeout
+
+    def send(self, data):
+        processed_bytes = ctypes.c_size_t(0)
+
+        with self._raise_on_error():
+            result = Security.SSLWrite(
+                self.context, data, len(data), ctypes.byref(processed_bytes)
+            )
+
+        if result == SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock and processed_bytes.value == 0:
+            # Timed out
+            raise socket.timeout("send timed out")
+        else:
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # We sent, and probably succeeded. Tell them how much we sent.
+        return processed_bytes.value
+
+    def sendall(self, data):
+        total_sent = 0
+        while total_sent < len(data):
+            sent = self.send(data[total_sent : total_sent + SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE])
+            total_sent += sent
+
+    def shutdown(self):
+        with self._raise_on_error():
+            Security.SSLClose(self.context)
+
+    def close(self):
+        # TODO: should I do clean shutdown here? Do I have to?
+        if self._makefile_refs < 1:
+            self._closed = True
+            if self.context:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(self.context)
+                self.context = None
+            if self._client_cert_chain:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(self._client_cert_chain)
+                self._client_cert_chain = None
+            if self._keychain:
+                Security.SecKeychainDelete(self._keychain)
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(self._keychain)
+                shutil.rmtree(self._keychain_dir)
+                self._keychain = self._keychain_dir = None
+            return self.socket.close()
+        else:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+
+    def getpeercert(self, binary_form=False):
+        # Urgh, annoying.
+        #
+        # Here's how we do this:
+        #
+        # 1. Call SSLCopyPeerTrust to get hold of the trust object for this
+        #    connection.
+        # 2. Call SecTrustGetCertificateAtIndex for index 0 to get the leaf.
+        # 3. To get the CN, call SecCertificateCopyCommonName and process that
+        #    string so that it's of the appropriate type.
+        # 4. To get the SAN, we need to do something a bit more complex:
+        #    a. Call SecCertificateCopyValues to get the data, requesting
+        #       kSecOIDSubjectAltName.
+        #    b. Mess about with this dictionary to try to get the SANs out.
+        #
+        # This is gross. Really gross. It's going to be a few hundred LoC extra
+        # just to repeat something that SecureTransport can *already do*. So my
+        # operating assumption at this time is that what we want to do is
+        # instead to just flag to urllib3 that it shouldn't do its own hostname
+        # validation when using SecureTransport.
+        if not binary_form:
+            raise ValueError("SecureTransport only supports dumping binary certs")
+        trust = Security.SecTrustRef()
+        certdata = None
+        der_bytes = None
+
+        try:
+            # Grab the trust store.
+            result = Security.SSLCopyPeerTrust(self.context, ctypes.byref(trust))
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+            if not trust:
+                # Probably we haven't done the handshake yet. No biggie.
+                return None
+
+            cert_count = Security.SecTrustGetCertificateCount(trust)
+            if not cert_count:
+                # Also a case that might happen if we haven't handshaked.
+                # Handshook? Handshaken?
+                return None
+
+            leaf = Security.SecTrustGetCertificateAtIndex(trust, 0)
+            assert leaf
+
+            # Ok, now we want the DER bytes.
+            certdata = Security.SecCertificateCopyData(leaf)
+            assert certdata
+
+            data_length = CoreFoundation.CFDataGetLength(certdata)
+            data_buffer = CoreFoundation.CFDataGetBytePtr(certdata)
+            der_bytes = ctypes.string_at(data_buffer, data_length)
+        finally:
+            if certdata:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(certdata)
+            if trust:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(trust)
+
+        return der_bytes
+
+    def version(self):
+        protocol = Security.SSLProtocol()
+        result = Security.SSLGetNegotiatedProtocolVersion(
+            self.context, ctypes.byref(protocol)
+        )
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+        if protocol.value == SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol13:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("SecureTransport does not support TLS 1.3")
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12:
+            return "TLSv1.2"
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol11:
+            return "TLSv1.1"
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1:
+            return "TLSv1"
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol3:
+            return "SSLv3"
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol2:
+            return "SSLv2"
+        else:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("Unknown TLS version: %r" % protocol)
+
+    def _reuse(self):
+        self._makefile_refs += 1
+
+    def _drop(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs < 1:
+            self.close()
+        else:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+
+
+if _fileobject:  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+
+    def makefile(self, mode, bufsize=-1):
+        self._makefile_refs += 1
+        return _fileobject(self, mode, bufsize, close=True)
+
+
+else:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+
+    def makefile(self, mode="r", buffering=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        # We disable buffering with SecureTransport because it conflicts with
+        # the buffering that ST does internally (see issue #1153 for more).
+        buffering = 0
+        return backport_makefile(self, mode, buffering, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+WrappedSocket.makefile = makefile
+
+
+class SecureTransportContext(object):
+    """
+    I am a wrapper class for the SecureTransport library, to translate the
+    interface of the standard library ``SSLContext`` object to calls into
+    SecureTransport.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, protocol):
+        self._min_version, self._max_version = _protocol_to_min_max[protocol]
+        self._options = 0
+        self._verify = False
+        self._trust_bundle = None
+        self._client_cert = None
+        self._client_key = None
+        self._client_key_passphrase = None
+        self._alpn_protocols = None
+
+    @property
+    def check_hostname(self):
+        """
+        SecureTransport cannot have its hostname checking disabled. For more,
+        see the comment on getpeercert() in this file.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    @check_hostname.setter
+    def check_hostname(self, value):
+        """
+        SecureTransport cannot have its hostname checking disabled. For more,
+        see the comment on getpeercert() in this file.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    def options(self):
+        # TODO: Well, crap.
+        #
+        # So this is the bit of the code that is the most likely to cause us
+        # trouble. Essentially we need to enumerate all of the SSL options that
+        # users might want to use and try to see if we can sensibly translate
+        # them, or whether we should just ignore them.
+        return self._options
+
+    @options.setter
+    def options(self, value):
+        # TODO: Update in line with above.
+        self._options = value
+
+    @property
+    def verify_mode(self):
+        return ssl.CERT_REQUIRED if self._verify else ssl.CERT_NONE
+
+    @verify_mode.setter
+    def verify_mode(self, value):
+        self._verify = True if value == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED else False
+
+    def set_default_verify_paths(self):
+        # So, this has to do something a bit weird. Specifically, what it does
+        # is nothing.
+        #
+        # This means that, if we had previously had load_verify_locations
+        # called, this does not undo that. We need to do that because it turns
+        # out that the rest of the urllib3 code will attempt to load the
+        # default verify paths if it hasn't been told about any paths, even if
+        # the context itself was sometime earlier. We resolve that by just
+        # ignoring it.
+        pass
+
+    def load_default_certs(self):
+        return self.set_default_verify_paths()
+
+    def set_ciphers(self, ciphers):
+        # For now, we just require the default cipher string.
+        if ciphers != util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS:
+            raise ValueError("SecureTransport doesn't support custom cipher strings")
+
+    def load_verify_locations(self, cafile=None, capath=None, cadata=None):
+        # OK, we only really support cadata and cafile.
+        if capath is not None:
+            raise ValueError("SecureTransport does not support cert directories")
+
+        # Raise if cafile does not exist.
+        if cafile is not None:
+            with open(cafile):
+                pass
+
+        self._trust_bundle = cafile or cadata
+
+    def load_cert_chain(self, certfile, keyfile=None, password=None):
+        self._client_cert = certfile
+        self._client_key = keyfile
+        self._client_cert_passphrase = password
+
+    def set_alpn_protocols(self, protocols):
+        """
+        Sets the ALPN protocols that will later be set on the context.
+
+        Raises a NotImplementedError if ALPN is not supported.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(Security, "SSLSetALPNProtocols"):
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "SecureTransport supports ALPN only in macOS 10.12+"
+            )
+        self._alpn_protocols = [six.ensure_binary(p) for p in protocols]
+
+    def wrap_socket(
+        self,
+        sock,
+        server_side=False,
+        do_handshake_on_connect=True,
+        suppress_ragged_eofs=True,
+        server_hostname=None,
+    ):
+        # So, what do we do here? Firstly, we assert some properties. This is a
+        # stripped down shim, so there is some functionality we don't support.
+        # See PEP 543 for the real deal.
+        assert not server_side
+        assert do_handshake_on_connect
+        assert suppress_ragged_eofs
+
+        # Ok, we're good to go. Now we want to create the wrapped socket object
+        # and store it in the appropriate place.
+        wrapped_socket = WrappedSocket(sock)
+
+        # Now we can handshake
+        wrapped_socket.handshake(
+            server_hostname,
+            self._verify,
+            self._trust_bundle,
+            self._min_version,
+            self._max_version,
+            self._client_cert,
+            self._client_key,
+            self._client_key_passphrase,
+            self._alpn_protocols,
+        )
+        return wrapped_socket
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/socks.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/socks.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c326e80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/contrib/socks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+This module contains provisional support for SOCKS proxies from within
+urllib3. This module supports SOCKS4, SOCKS4A (an extension of SOCKS4), and
+SOCKS5. To enable its functionality, either install PySocks or install this
+module with the ``socks`` extra.
+
+The SOCKS implementation supports the full range of urllib3 features. It also
+supports the following SOCKS features:
+
+- SOCKS4A (``proxy_url='socks4a://...``)
+- SOCKS4 (``proxy_url='socks4://...``)
+- SOCKS5 with remote DNS (``proxy_url='socks5h://...``)
+- SOCKS5 with local DNS (``proxy_url='socks5://...``)
+- Usernames and passwords for the SOCKS proxy
+
+.. note::
+   It is recommended to use ``socks5h://`` or ``socks4a://`` schemes in
+   your ``proxy_url`` to ensure that DNS resolution is done from the remote
+   server instead of client-side when connecting to a domain name.
+
+SOCKS4 supports IPv4 and domain names with the SOCKS4A extension. SOCKS5
+supports IPv4, IPv6, and domain names.
+
+When connecting to a SOCKS4 proxy the ``username`` portion of the ``proxy_url``
+will be sent as the ``userid`` section of the SOCKS request:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    proxy_url="socks4a://<userid>@proxy-host"
+
+When connecting to a SOCKS5 proxy the ``username`` and ``password`` portion
+of the ``proxy_url`` will be sent as the username/password to authenticate
+with the proxy:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    proxy_url="socks5h://<username>:<password>@proxy-host"
+
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+try:
+    import socks
+except ImportError:
+    import warnings
+
+    from ..exceptions import DependencyWarning
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        (
+            "SOCKS support in urllib3 requires the installation of optional "
+            "dependencies: specifically, PySocks.  For more information, see "
+            "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/contrib.html#socks-proxies"
+        ),
+        DependencyWarning,
+    )
+    raise
+
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+from ..connection import HTTPConnection, HTTPSConnection
+from ..connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool
+from ..exceptions import ConnectTimeoutError, NewConnectionError
+from ..poolmanager import PoolManager
+from ..util.url import parse_url
+
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    ssl = None
+
+
+class SOCKSConnection(HTTPConnection):
+    """
+    A plain-text HTTP connection that connects via a SOCKS proxy.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._socks_options = kwargs.pop("_socks_options")
+        super(SOCKSConnection, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        """
+        Establish a new connection via the SOCKS proxy.
+        """
+        extra_kw = {}
+        if self.source_address:
+            extra_kw["source_address"] = self.source_address
+
+        if self.socket_options:
+            extra_kw["socket_options"] = self.socket_options
+
+        try:
+            conn = socks.create_connection(
+                (self.host, self.port),
+                proxy_type=self._socks_options["socks_version"],
+                proxy_addr=self._socks_options["proxy_host"],
+                proxy_port=self._socks_options["proxy_port"],
+                proxy_username=self._socks_options["username"],
+                proxy_password=self._socks_options["password"],
+                proxy_rdns=self._socks_options["rdns"],
+                timeout=self.timeout,
+                **extra_kw
+            )
+
+        except SocketTimeout:
+            raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                self,
+                "Connection to %s timed out. (connect timeout=%s)"
+                % (self.host, self.timeout),
+            )
+
+        except socks.ProxyError as e:
+            # This is fragile as hell, but it seems to be the only way to raise
+            # useful errors here.
+            if e.socket_err:
+                error = e.socket_err
+                if isinstance(error, SocketTimeout):
+                    raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                        self,
+                        "Connection to %s timed out. (connect timeout=%s)"
+                        % (self.host, self.timeout),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    raise NewConnectionError(
+                        self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % error
+                    )
+            else:
+                raise NewConnectionError(
+                    self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e
+                )
+
+        except SocketError as e:  # Defensive: PySocks should catch all these.
+            raise NewConnectionError(
+                self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e
+            )
+
+        return conn
+
+
+# We don't need to duplicate the Verified/Unverified distinction from
+# urllib3/connection.py here because the HTTPSConnection will already have been
+# correctly set to either the Verified or Unverified form by that module. This
+# means the SOCKSHTTPSConnection will automatically be the correct type.
+class SOCKSHTTPSConnection(SOCKSConnection, HTTPSConnection):
+    pass
+
+
+class SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool(HTTPConnectionPool):
+    ConnectionCls = SOCKSConnection
+
+
+class SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool(HTTPSConnectionPool):
+    ConnectionCls = SOCKSHTTPSConnection
+
+
+class SOCKSProxyManager(PoolManager):
+    """
+    A version of the urllib3 ProxyManager that routes connections via the
+    defined SOCKS proxy.
+    """
+
+    pool_classes_by_scheme = {
+        "http": SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool,
+        "https": SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        proxy_url,
+        username=None,
+        password=None,
+        num_pools=10,
+        headers=None,
+        **connection_pool_kw
+    ):
+        parsed = parse_url(proxy_url)
+
+        if username is None and password is None and parsed.auth is not None:
+            split = parsed.auth.split(":")
+            if len(split) == 2:
+                username, password = split
+        if parsed.scheme == "socks5":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5
+            rdns = False
+        elif parsed.scheme == "socks5h":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5
+            rdns = True
+        elif parsed.scheme == "socks4":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS4
+            rdns = False
+        elif parsed.scheme == "socks4a":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS4
+            rdns = True
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unable to determine SOCKS version from %s" % proxy_url)
+
+        self.proxy_url = proxy_url
+
+        socks_options = {
+            "socks_version": socks_version,
+            "proxy_host": parsed.host,
+            "proxy_port": parsed.port,
+            "username": username,
+            "password": password,
+            "rdns": rdns,
+        }
+        connection_pool_kw["_socks_options"] = socks_options
+
+        super(SOCKSProxyManager, self).__init__(
+            num_pools, headers, **connection_pool_kw
+        )
+
+        self.pool_classes_by_scheme = SOCKSProxyManager.pool_classes_by_scheme
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cba6f3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from .packages.six.moves.http_client import IncompleteRead as httplib_IncompleteRead
+
+# Base Exceptions
+
+
+class HTTPError(Exception):
+    """Base exception used by this module."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class HTTPWarning(Warning):
+    """Base warning used by this module."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class PoolError(HTTPError):
+    """Base exception for errors caused within a pool."""
+
+    def __init__(self, pool, message):
+        self.pool = pool
+        HTTPError.__init__(self, "%s: %s" % (pool, message))
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # For pickling purposes.
+        return self.__class__, (None, None)
+
+
+class RequestError(PoolError):
+    """Base exception for PoolErrors that have associated URLs."""
+
+    def __init__(self, pool, url, message):
+        self.url = url
+        PoolError.__init__(self, pool, message)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # For pickling purposes.
+        return self.__class__, (None, self.url, None)
+
+
+class SSLError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when SSL certificate fails in an HTTPS connection."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ProxyError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when the connection to a proxy fails."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message, error, *args):
+        super(ProxyError, self).__init__(message, error, *args)
+        self.original_error = error
+
+
+class DecodeError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when automatic decoding based on Content-Type fails."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ProtocolError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when something unexpected happens mid-request/response."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+#: Renamed to ProtocolError but aliased for backwards compatibility.
+ConnectionError = ProtocolError
+
+
+# Leaf Exceptions
+
+
+class MaxRetryError(RequestError):
+    """Raised when the maximum number of retries is exceeded.
+
+    :param pool: The connection pool
+    :type pool: :class:`~urllib3.connectionpool.HTTPConnectionPool`
+    :param string url: The requested Url
+    :param exceptions.Exception reason: The underlying error
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, pool, url, reason=None):
+        self.reason = reason
+
+        message = "Max retries exceeded with url: %s (Caused by %r)" % (url, reason)
+
+        RequestError.__init__(self, pool, url, message)
+
+
+class HostChangedError(RequestError):
+    """Raised when an existing pool gets a request for a foreign host."""
+
+    def __init__(self, pool, url, retries=3):
+        message = "Tried to open a foreign host with url: %s" % url
+        RequestError.__init__(self, pool, url, message)
+        self.retries = retries
+
+
+class TimeoutStateError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when passing an invalid state to a timeout"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class TimeoutError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when a socket timeout error occurs.
+
+    Catching this error will catch both :exc:`ReadTimeoutErrors
+    <ReadTimeoutError>` and :exc:`ConnectTimeoutErrors <ConnectTimeoutError>`.
+    """
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ReadTimeoutError(TimeoutError, RequestError):
+    """Raised when a socket timeout occurs while receiving data from a server"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+# This timeout error does not have a URL attached and needs to inherit from the
+# base HTTPError
+class ConnectTimeoutError(TimeoutError):
+    """Raised when a socket timeout occurs while connecting to a server"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class NewConnectionError(ConnectTimeoutError, PoolError):
+    """Raised when we fail to establish a new connection. Usually ECONNREFUSED."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class EmptyPoolError(PoolError):
+    """Raised when a pool runs out of connections and no more are allowed."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ClosedPoolError(PoolError):
+    """Raised when a request enters a pool after the pool has been closed."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class LocationValueError(ValueError, HTTPError):
+    """Raised when there is something wrong with a given URL input."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class LocationParseError(LocationValueError):
+    """Raised when get_host or similar fails to parse the URL input."""
+
+    def __init__(self, location):
+        message = "Failed to parse: %s" % location
+        HTTPError.__init__(self, message)
+
+        self.location = location
+
+
+class URLSchemeUnknown(LocationValueError):
+    """Raised when a URL input has an unsupported scheme."""
+
+    def __init__(self, scheme):
+        message = "Not supported URL scheme %s" % scheme
+        super(URLSchemeUnknown, self).__init__(message)
+
+        self.scheme = scheme
+
+
+class ResponseError(HTTPError):
+    """Used as a container for an error reason supplied in a MaxRetryError."""
+
+    GENERIC_ERROR = "too many error responses"
+    SPECIFIC_ERROR = "too many {status_code} error responses"
+
+
+class SecurityWarning(HTTPWarning):
+    """Warned when performing security reducing actions"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class SubjectAltNameWarning(SecurityWarning):
+    """Warned when connecting to a host with a certificate missing a SAN."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class InsecureRequestWarning(SecurityWarning):
+    """Warned when making an unverified HTTPS request."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class SystemTimeWarning(SecurityWarning):
+    """Warned when system time is suspected to be wrong"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class InsecurePlatformWarning(SecurityWarning):
+    """Warned when certain TLS/SSL configuration is not available on a platform."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class SNIMissingWarning(HTTPWarning):
+    """Warned when making a HTTPS request without SNI available."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class DependencyWarning(HTTPWarning):
+    """
+    Warned when an attempt is made to import a module with missing optional
+    dependencies.
+    """
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ResponseNotChunked(ProtocolError, ValueError):
+    """Response needs to be chunked in order to read it as chunks."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class BodyNotHttplibCompatible(HTTPError):
+    """
+    Body should be :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` like
+    (have an fp attribute which returns raw chunks) for read_chunked().
+    """
+
+    pass
+
+
+class IncompleteRead(HTTPError, httplib_IncompleteRead):
+    """
+    Response length doesn't match expected Content-Length
+
+    Subclass of :class:`http.client.IncompleteRead` to allow int value
+    for ``partial`` to avoid creating large objects on streamed reads.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, partial, expected):
+        super(IncompleteRead, self).__init__(partial, expected)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "IncompleteRead(%i bytes read, %i more expected)" % (
+            self.partial,
+            self.expected,
+        )
+
+
+class InvalidChunkLength(HTTPError, httplib_IncompleteRead):
+    """Invalid chunk length in a chunked response."""
+
+    def __init__(self, response, length):
+        super(InvalidChunkLength, self).__init__(
+            response.tell(), response.length_remaining
+        )
+        self.response = response
+        self.length = length
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "InvalidChunkLength(got length %r, %i bytes read)" % (
+            self.length,
+            self.partial,
+        )
+
+
+class InvalidHeader(HTTPError):
+    """The header provided was somehow invalid."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ProxySchemeUnknown(AssertionError, URLSchemeUnknown):
+    """ProxyManager does not support the supplied scheme"""
+
+    # TODO(t-8ch): Stop inheriting from AssertionError in v2.0.
+
+    def __init__(self, scheme):
+        # 'localhost' is here because our URL parser parses
+        # localhost:8080 -> scheme=localhost, remove if we fix this.
+        if scheme == "localhost":
+            scheme = None
+        if scheme is None:
+            message = "Proxy URL had no scheme, should start with http:// or https://"
+        else:
+            message = (
+                "Proxy URL had unsupported scheme %s, should use http:// or https://"
+                % scheme
+            )
+        super(ProxySchemeUnknown, self).__init__(message)
+
+
+class ProxySchemeUnsupported(ValueError):
+    """Fetching HTTPS resources through HTTPS proxies is unsupported"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class HeaderParsingError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised by assert_header_parsing, but we convert it to a log.warning statement."""
+
+    def __init__(self, defects, unparsed_data):
+        message = "%s, unparsed data: %r" % (defects or "Unknown", unparsed_data)
+        super(HeaderParsingError, self).__init__(message)
+
+
+class UnrewindableBodyError(HTTPError):
+    """urllib3 encountered an error when trying to rewind a body"""
+
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/fields.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/fields.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d630f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/fields.py
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import email.utils
+import mimetypes
+import re
+
+from .packages import six
+
+
+def guess_content_type(filename, default="application/octet-stream"):
+    """
+    Guess the "Content-Type" of a file.
+
+    :param filename:
+        The filename to guess the "Content-Type" of using :mod:`mimetypes`.
+    :param default:
+        If no "Content-Type" can be guessed, default to `default`.
+    """
+    if filename:
+        return mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or default
+    return default
+
+
+def format_header_param_rfc2231(name, value):
+    """
+    Helper function to format and quote a single header parameter using the
+    strategy defined in RFC 2231.
+
+    Particularly useful for header parameters which might contain
+    non-ASCII values, like file names. This follows
+    `RFC 2388 Section 4.4 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2388#section-4.4>`_.
+
+    :param name:
+        The name of the parameter, a string expected to be ASCII only.
+    :param value:
+        The value of the parameter, provided as ``bytes`` or `str``.
+    :ret:
+        An RFC-2231-formatted unicode string.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, six.binary_type):
+        value = value.decode("utf-8")
+
+    if not any(ch in value for ch in '"\\\r\n'):
+        result = u'%s="%s"' % (name, value)
+        try:
+            result.encode("ascii")
+        except (UnicodeEncodeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+            pass
+        else:
+            return result
+
+    if six.PY2:  # Python 2:
+        value = value.encode("utf-8")
+
+    # encode_rfc2231 accepts an encoded string and returns an ascii-encoded
+    # string in Python 2 but accepts and returns unicode strings in Python 3
+    value = email.utils.encode_rfc2231(value, "utf-8")
+    value = "%s*=%s" % (name, value)
+
+    if six.PY2:  # Python 2:
+        value = value.decode("utf-8")
+
+    return value
+
+
+_HTML5_REPLACEMENTS = {
+    u"\u0022": u"%22",
+    # Replace "\" with "\\".
+    u"\u005C": u"\u005C\u005C",
+}
+
+# All control characters from 0x00 to 0x1F *except* 0x1B.
+_HTML5_REPLACEMENTS.update(
+    {
+        six.unichr(cc): u"%{:02X}".format(cc)
+        for cc in range(0x00, 0x1F + 1)
+        if cc not in (0x1B,)
+    }
+)
+
+
+def _replace_multiple(value, needles_and_replacements):
+    def replacer(match):
+        return needles_and_replacements[match.group(0)]
+
+    pattern = re.compile(
+        r"|".join([re.escape(needle) for needle in needles_and_replacements.keys()])
+    )
+
+    result = pattern.sub(replacer, value)
+
+    return result
+
+
+def format_header_param_html5(name, value):
+    """
+    Helper function to format and quote a single header parameter using the
+    HTML5 strategy.
+
+    Particularly useful for header parameters which might contain
+    non-ASCII values, like file names. This follows the `HTML5 Working Draft
+    Section 4.10.22.7`_ and matches the behavior of curl and modern browsers.
+
+    .. _HTML5 Working Draft Section 4.10.22.7:
+        https://w3c.github.io/html/sec-forms.html#multipart-form-data
+
+    :param name:
+        The name of the parameter, a string expected to be ASCII only.
+    :param value:
+        The value of the parameter, provided as ``bytes`` or `str``.
+    :ret:
+        A unicode string, stripped of troublesome characters.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, six.binary_type):
+        value = value.decode("utf-8")
+
+    value = _replace_multiple(value, _HTML5_REPLACEMENTS)
+
+    return u'%s="%s"' % (name, value)
+
+
+# For backwards-compatibility.
+format_header_param = format_header_param_html5
+
+
+class RequestField(object):
+    """
+    A data container for request body parameters.
+
+    :param name:
+        The name of this request field. Must be unicode.
+    :param data:
+        The data/value body.
+    :param filename:
+        An optional filename of the request field. Must be unicode.
+    :param headers:
+        An optional dict-like object of headers to initially use for the field.
+    :param header_formatter:
+        An optional callable that is used to encode and format the headers. By
+        default, this is :func:`format_header_param_html5`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name,
+        data,
+        filename=None,
+        headers=None,
+        header_formatter=format_header_param_html5,
+    ):
+        self._name = name
+        self._filename = filename
+        self.data = data
+        self.headers = {}
+        if headers:
+            self.headers = dict(headers)
+        self.header_formatter = header_formatter
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_tuples(cls, fieldname, value, header_formatter=format_header_param_html5):
+        """
+        A :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` factory from old-style tuple parameters.
+
+        Supports constructing :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` from
+        parameter of key/value strings AND key/filetuple. A filetuple is a
+        (filename, data, MIME type) tuple where the MIME type is optional.
+        For example::
+
+            'foo': 'bar',
+            'fakefile': ('foofile.txt', 'contents of foofile'),
+            'realfile': ('barfile.txt', open('realfile').read()),
+            'typedfile': ('bazfile.bin', open('bazfile').read(), 'image/jpeg'),
+            'nonamefile': 'contents of nonamefile field',
+
+        Field names and filenames must be unicode.
+        """
+        if isinstance(value, tuple):
+            if len(value) == 3:
+                filename, data, content_type = value
+            else:
+                filename, data = value
+                content_type = guess_content_type(filename)
+        else:
+            filename = None
+            content_type = None
+            data = value
+
+        request_param = cls(
+            fieldname, data, filename=filename, header_formatter=header_formatter
+        )
+        request_param.make_multipart(content_type=content_type)
+
+        return request_param
+
+    def _render_part(self, name, value):
+        """
+        Overridable helper function to format a single header parameter. By
+        default, this calls ``self.header_formatter``.
+
+        :param name:
+            The name of the parameter, a string expected to be ASCII only.
+        :param value:
+            The value of the parameter, provided as a unicode string.
+        """
+
+        return self.header_formatter(name, value)
+
+    def _render_parts(self, header_parts):
+        """
+        Helper function to format and quote a single header.
+
+        Useful for single headers that are composed of multiple items. E.g.,
+        'Content-Disposition' fields.
+
+        :param header_parts:
+            A sequence of (k, v) tuples or a :class:`dict` of (k, v) to format
+            as `k1="v1"; k2="v2"; ...`.
+        """
+        parts = []
+        iterable = header_parts
+        if isinstance(header_parts, dict):
+            iterable = header_parts.items()
+
+        for name, value in iterable:
+            if value is not None:
+                parts.append(self._render_part(name, value))
+
+        return u"; ".join(parts)
+
+    def render_headers(self):
+        """
+        Renders the headers for this request field.
+        """
+        lines = []
+
+        sort_keys = ["Content-Disposition", "Content-Type", "Content-Location"]
+        for sort_key in sort_keys:
+            if self.headers.get(sort_key, False):
+                lines.append(u"%s: %s" % (sort_key, self.headers[sort_key]))
+
+        for header_name, header_value in self.headers.items():
+            if header_name not in sort_keys:
+                if header_value:
+                    lines.append(u"%s: %s" % (header_name, header_value))
+
+        lines.append(u"\r\n")
+        return u"\r\n".join(lines)
+
+    def make_multipart(
+        self, content_disposition=None, content_type=None, content_location=None
+    ):
+        """
+        Makes this request field into a multipart request field.
+
+        This method overrides "Content-Disposition", "Content-Type" and
+        "Content-Location" headers to the request parameter.
+
+        :param content_type:
+            The 'Content-Type' of the request body.
+        :param content_location:
+            The 'Content-Location' of the request body.
+
+        """
+        self.headers["Content-Disposition"] = content_disposition or u"form-data"
+        self.headers["Content-Disposition"] += u"; ".join(
+            [
+                u"",
+                self._render_parts(
+                    ((u"name", self._name), (u"filename", self._filename))
+                ),
+            ]
+        )
+        self.headers["Content-Type"] = content_type
+        self.headers["Content-Location"] = content_location
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/filepost.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/filepost.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36c9252
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/filepost.py
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import binascii
+import codecs
+import os
+from io import BytesIO
+
+from .fields import RequestField
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six import b
+
+writer = codecs.lookup("utf-8")[3]
+
+
+def choose_boundary():
+    """
+    Our embarrassingly-simple replacement for mimetools.choose_boundary.
+    """
+    boundary = binascii.hexlify(os.urandom(16))
+    if not six.PY2:
+        boundary = boundary.decode("ascii")
+    return boundary
+
+
+def iter_field_objects(fields):
+    """
+    Iterate over fields.
+
+    Supports list of (k, v) tuples and dicts, and lists of
+    :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField`.
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(fields, dict):
+        i = six.iteritems(fields)
+    else:
+        i = iter(fields)
+
+    for field in i:
+        if isinstance(field, RequestField):
+            yield field
+        else:
+            yield RequestField.from_tuples(*field)
+
+
+def iter_fields(fields):
+    """
+    .. deprecated:: 1.6
+
+    Iterate over fields.
+
+    The addition of :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` makes this function
+    obsolete. Instead, use :func:`iter_field_objects`, which returns
+    :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` objects.
+
+    Supports list of (k, v) tuples and dicts.
+    """
+    if isinstance(fields, dict):
+        return ((k, v) for k, v in six.iteritems(fields))
+
+    return ((k, v) for k, v in fields)
+
+
+def encode_multipart_formdata(fields, boundary=None):
+    """
+    Encode a dictionary of ``fields`` using the multipart/form-data MIME format.
+
+    :param fields:
+        Dictionary of fields or list of (key, :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField`).
+
+    :param boundary:
+        If not specified, then a random boundary will be generated using
+        :func:`urllib3.filepost.choose_boundary`.
+    """
+    body = BytesIO()
+    if boundary is None:
+        boundary = choose_boundary()
+
+    for field in iter_field_objects(fields):
+        body.write(b("--%s\r\n" % (boundary)))
+
+        writer(body).write(field.render_headers())
+        data = field.data
+
+        if isinstance(data, int):
+            data = str(data)  # Backwards compatibility
+
+        if isinstance(data, six.text_type):
+            writer(body).write(data)
+        else:
+            body.write(data)
+
+        body.write(b"\r\n")
+
+    body.write(b("--%s--\r\n" % (boundary)))
+
+    content_type = str("multipart/form-data; boundary=%s" % boundary)
+
+    return body.getvalue(), content_type
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/backports/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/backports/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/backports/makefile.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/backports/makefile.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8fb215
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/backports/makefile.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+backports.makefile
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Backports the Python 3 ``socket.makefile`` method for use with anything that
+wants to create a "fake" socket object.
+"""
+import io
+from socket import SocketIO
+
+
+def backport_makefile(
+    self, mode="r", buffering=None, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None
+):
+    """
+    Backport of ``socket.makefile`` from Python 3.5.
+    """
+    if not set(mode) <= {"r", "w", "b"}:
+        raise ValueError("invalid mode %r (only r, w, b allowed)" % (mode,))
+    writing = "w" in mode
+    reading = "r" in mode or not writing
+    assert reading or writing
+    binary = "b" in mode
+    rawmode = ""
+    if reading:
+        rawmode += "r"
+    if writing:
+        rawmode += "w"
+    raw = SocketIO(self, rawmode)
+    self._makefile_refs += 1
+    if buffering is None:
+        buffering = -1
+    if buffering < 0:
+        buffering = io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE
+    if buffering == 0:
+        if not binary:
+            raise ValueError("unbuffered streams must be binary")
+        return raw
+    if reading and writing:
+        buffer = io.BufferedRWPair(raw, raw, buffering)
+    elif reading:
+        buffer = io.BufferedReader(raw, buffering)
+    else:
+        assert writing
+        buffer = io.BufferedWriter(raw, buffering)
+    if binary:
+        return buffer
+    text = io.TextIOWrapper(buffer, encoding, errors, newline)
+    text.mode = mode
+    return text
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/six.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/six.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba50acb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/six.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1077 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2010-2020 Benjamin Peterson
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+"""Utilities for writing code that runs on Python 2 and 3"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import functools
+import itertools
+import operator
+import sys
+import types
+
+__author__ = "Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>"
+__version__ = "1.16.0"
+
+
+# Useful for very coarse version differentiation.
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+PY34 = sys.version_info[0:2] >= (3, 4)
+
+if PY3:
+    string_types = (str,)
+    integer_types = (int,)
+    class_types = (type,)
+    text_type = str
+    binary_type = bytes
+
+    MAXSIZE = sys.maxsize
+else:
+    string_types = (basestring,)
+    integer_types = (int, long)
+    class_types = (type, types.ClassType)
+    text_type = unicode
+    binary_type = str
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("java"):
+        # Jython always uses 32 bits.
+        MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+    else:
+        # It's possible to have sizeof(long) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t).
+        class X(object):
+            def __len__(self):
+                return 1 << 31
+
+        try:
+            len(X())
+        except OverflowError:
+            # 32-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+        else:
+            # 64-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 63) - 1)
+        del X
+
+if PY34:
+    from importlib.util import spec_from_loader
+else:
+    spec_from_loader = None
+
+
+def _add_doc(func, doc):
+    """Add documentation to a function."""
+    func.__doc__ = doc
+
+
+def _import_module(name):
+    """Import module, returning the module after the last dot."""
+    __import__(name)
+    return sys.modules[name]
+
+
+class _LazyDescr(object):
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, tp):
+        result = self._resolve()
+        setattr(obj, self.name, result)  # Invokes __set__.
+        try:
+            # This is a bit ugly, but it avoids running this again by
+            # removing this descriptor.
+            delattr(obj.__class__, self.name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        return result
+
+
+class MovedModule(_LazyDescr):
+    def __init__(self, name, old, new=None):
+        super(MovedModule, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new is None:
+                new = name
+            self.mod = new
+        else:
+            self.mod = old
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        return _import_module(self.mod)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        _module = self._resolve()
+        value = getattr(_module, attr)
+        setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return value
+
+
+class _LazyModule(types.ModuleType):
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        super(_LazyModule, self).__init__(name)
+        self.__doc__ = self.__class__.__doc__
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        attrs = ["__doc__", "__name__"]
+        attrs += [attr.name for attr in self._moved_attributes]
+        return attrs
+
+    # Subclasses should override this
+    _moved_attributes = []
+
+
+class MovedAttribute(_LazyDescr):
+    def __init__(self, name, old_mod, new_mod, old_attr=None, new_attr=None):
+        super(MovedAttribute, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new_mod is None:
+                new_mod = name
+            self.mod = new_mod
+            if new_attr is None:
+                if old_attr is None:
+                    new_attr = name
+                else:
+                    new_attr = old_attr
+            self.attr = new_attr
+        else:
+            self.mod = old_mod
+            if old_attr is None:
+                old_attr = name
+            self.attr = old_attr
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        module = _import_module(self.mod)
+        return getattr(module, self.attr)
+
+
+class _SixMetaPathImporter(object):
+
+    """
+    A meta path importer to import six.moves and its submodules.
+
+    This class implements a PEP302 finder and loader. It should be compatible
+    with Python 2.5 and all existing versions of Python3
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, six_module_name):
+        self.name = six_module_name
+        self.known_modules = {}
+
+    def _add_module(self, mod, *fullnames):
+        for fullname in fullnames:
+            self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname] = mod
+
+    def _get_module(self, fullname):
+        return self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname]
+
+    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
+        if fullname in self.known_modules:
+            return self
+        return None
+
+    def find_spec(self, fullname, path, target=None):
+        if fullname in self.known_modules:
+            return spec_from_loader(fullname, self)
+        return None
+
+    def __get_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            return self.known_modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ImportError("This loader does not know module " + fullname)
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            # in case of a reload
+            return sys.modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        mod = self.__get_module(fullname)
+        if isinstance(mod, MovedModule):
+            mod = mod._resolve()
+        else:
+            mod.__loader__ = self
+        sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+        return mod
+
+    def is_package(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Return true, if the named module is a package.
+
+        We need this method to get correct spec objects with
+        Python 3.4 (see PEP451)
+        """
+        return hasattr(self.__get_module(fullname), "__path__")
+
+    def get_code(self, fullname):
+        """Return None
+
+        Required, if is_package is implemented"""
+        self.__get_module(fullname)  # eventually raises ImportError
+        return None
+
+    get_source = get_code  # same as get_code
+
+    def create_module(self, spec):
+        return self.load_module(spec.name)
+
+    def exec_module(self, module):
+        pass
+
+
+_importer = _SixMetaPathImporter(__name__)
+
+
+class _MovedItems(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects"""
+
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+
+
+_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("cStringIO", "cStringIO", "io", "StringIO"),
+    MovedAttribute("filter", "itertools", "builtins", "ifilter", "filter"),
+    MovedAttribute(
+        "filterfalse", "itertools", "itertools", "ifilterfalse", "filterfalse"
+    ),
+    MovedAttribute("input", "__builtin__", "builtins", "raw_input", "input"),
+    MovedAttribute("intern", "__builtin__", "sys"),
+    MovedAttribute("map", "itertools", "builtins", "imap", "map"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwd", "os", "os", "getcwdu", "getcwd"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwdb", "os", "os", "getcwd", "getcwdb"),
+    MovedAttribute("getoutput", "commands", "subprocess"),
+    MovedAttribute("range", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute(
+        "reload_module", "__builtin__", "importlib" if PY34 else "imp", "reload"
+    ),
+    MovedAttribute("reduce", "__builtin__", "functools"),
+    MovedAttribute("shlex_quote", "pipes", "shlex", "quote"),
+    MovedAttribute("StringIO", "StringIO", "io"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserDict", "UserDict", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserList", "UserList", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserString", "UserString", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("xrange", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip", "itertools", "builtins", "izip", "zip"),
+    MovedAttribute(
+        "zip_longest", "itertools", "itertools", "izip_longest", "zip_longest"
+    ),
+    MovedModule("builtins", "__builtin__"),
+    MovedModule("configparser", "ConfigParser"),
+    MovedModule(
+        "collections_abc",
+        "collections",
+        "collections.abc" if sys.version_info >= (3, 3) else "collections",
+    ),
+    MovedModule("copyreg", "copy_reg"),
+    MovedModule("dbm_gnu", "gdbm", "dbm.gnu"),
+    MovedModule("dbm_ndbm", "dbm", "dbm.ndbm"),
+    MovedModule(
+        "_dummy_thread",
+        "dummy_thread",
+        "_dummy_thread" if sys.version_info < (3, 9) else "_thread",
+    ),
+    MovedModule("http_cookiejar", "cookielib", "http.cookiejar"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookies", "Cookie", "http.cookies"),
+    MovedModule("html_entities", "htmlentitydefs", "html.entities"),
+    MovedModule("html_parser", "HTMLParser", "html.parser"),
+    MovedModule("http_client", "httplib", "http.client"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_base", "email.MIMEBase", "email.mime.base"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_image", "email.MIMEImage", "email.mime.image"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_multipart", "email.MIMEMultipart", "email.mime.multipart"),
+    MovedModule(
+        "email_mime_nonmultipart", "email.MIMENonMultipart", "email.mime.nonmultipart"
+    ),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_text", "email.MIMEText", "email.mime.text"),
+    MovedModule("BaseHTTPServer", "BaseHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("CGIHTTPServer", "CGIHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("SimpleHTTPServer", "SimpleHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("cPickle", "cPickle", "pickle"),
+    MovedModule("queue", "Queue"),
+    MovedModule("reprlib", "repr"),
+    MovedModule("socketserver", "SocketServer"),
+    MovedModule("_thread", "thread", "_thread"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter", "Tkinter"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dialog", "Dialog", "tkinter.dialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_filedialog", "FileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_scrolledtext", "ScrolledText", "tkinter.scrolledtext"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_simpledialog", "SimpleDialog", "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tix", "Tix", "tkinter.tix"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_ttk", "ttk", "tkinter.ttk"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_constants", "Tkconstants", "tkinter.constants"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dnd", "Tkdnd", "tkinter.dnd"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_colorchooser", "tkColorChooser", "tkinter.colorchooser"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_commondialog", "tkCommonDialog", "tkinter.commondialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tkfiledialog", "tkFileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_font", "tkFont", "tkinter.font"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_messagebox", "tkMessageBox", "tkinter.messagebox"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tksimpledialog", "tkSimpleDialog", "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_parse", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_error", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_error", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedModule("urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_robotparser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_client", "xmlrpclib", "xmlrpc.client"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_server", "SimpleXMLRPCServer", "xmlrpc.server"),
+]
+# Add windows specific modules.
+if sys.platform == "win32":
+    _moved_attributes += [
+        MovedModule("winreg", "_winreg"),
+    ]
+
+for attr in _moved_attributes:
+    setattr(_MovedItems, attr.name, attr)
+    if isinstance(attr, MovedModule):
+        _importer._add_module(attr, "moves." + attr.name)
+del attr
+
+_MovedItems._moved_attributes = _moved_attributes
+
+moves = _MovedItems(__name__ + ".moves")
+_importer._add_module(moves, "moves")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_parse"""
+
+
+_urllib_parse_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("ParseResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("SplitResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qs", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qsl", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urldefrag", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urljoin", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute(
+        "unquote_to_bytes", "urllib", "urllib.parse", "unquote", "unquote_to_bytes"
+    ),
+    MovedAttribute("urlencode", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splitquery", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splittag", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splituser", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splitvalue", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_fragment", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_netloc", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_params", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_query", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_relative", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_parse_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_parse._moved_attributes = _urllib_parse_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(__name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse"),
+    "moves.urllib_parse",
+    "moves.urllib.parse",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_error(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_error"""
+
+
+_urllib_error_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("URLError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("ContentTooShortError", "urllib", "urllib.error"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_error_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_error, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_error._moved_attributes = _urllib_error_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_error(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.error"),
+    "moves.urllib_error",
+    "moves.urllib.error",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_request(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_request"""
+
+
+_urllib_request_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("urlopen", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("install_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("build_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("pathname2url", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("url2pathname", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("getproxies", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("Request", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("OpenerDirector", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDefaultErrorHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPRedirectHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPCookieProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("BaseHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgr", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPSHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FileHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("CacheFTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("UnknownHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPErrorProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlretrieve", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlcleanup", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("URLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FancyURLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("proxy_bypass", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_http_list", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_keqv_list", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_request_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_request, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_request._moved_attributes = _urllib_request_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_request(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.request"),
+    "moves.urllib_request",
+    "moves.urllib.request",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_response(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_response"""
+
+
+_urllib_response_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("addbase", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addclosehook", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfo", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfourl", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_response_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_response, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_response._moved_attributes = _urllib_response_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_response(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.response"),
+    "moves.urllib_response",
+    "moves.urllib.response",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_robotparser"""
+
+
+_urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("RobotFileParser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser._moved_attributes = (
+    _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes
+)
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.robotparser"),
+    "moves.urllib_robotparser",
+    "moves.urllib.robotparser",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib(types.ModuleType):
+
+    """Create a six.moves.urllib namespace that resembles the Python 3 namespace"""
+
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+    parse = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_parse")
+    error = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_error")
+    request = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_request")
+    response = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_response")
+    robotparser = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_robotparser")
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return ["parse", "error", "request", "response", "robotparser"]
+
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib(__name__ + ".moves.urllib"), "moves.urllib"
+)
+
+
+def add_move(move):
+    """Add an item to six.moves."""
+    setattr(_MovedItems, move.name, move)
+
+
+def remove_move(name):
+    """Remove item from six.moves."""
+    try:
+        delattr(_MovedItems, name)
+    except AttributeError:
+        try:
+            del moves.__dict__[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError("no such move, %r" % (name,))
+
+
+if PY3:
+    _meth_func = "__func__"
+    _meth_self = "__self__"
+
+    _func_closure = "__closure__"
+    _func_code = "__code__"
+    _func_defaults = "__defaults__"
+    _func_globals = "__globals__"
+else:
+    _meth_func = "im_func"
+    _meth_self = "im_self"
+
+    _func_closure = "func_closure"
+    _func_code = "func_code"
+    _func_defaults = "func_defaults"
+    _func_globals = "func_globals"
+
+
+try:
+    advance_iterator = next
+except NameError:
+
+    def advance_iterator(it):
+        return it.next()
+
+
+next = advance_iterator
+
+
+try:
+    callable = callable
+except NameError:
+
+    def callable(obj):
+        return any("__call__" in klass.__dict__ for klass in type(obj).__mro__)
+
+
+if PY3:
+
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound
+
+    create_bound_method = types.MethodType
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return func
+
+    Iterator = object
+else:
+
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound.im_func
+
+    def create_bound_method(func, obj):
+        return types.MethodType(func, obj, obj.__class__)
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return types.MethodType(func, None, cls)
+
+    class Iterator(object):
+        def next(self):
+            return type(self).__next__(self)
+
+    callable = callable
+_add_doc(
+    get_unbound_function, """Get the function out of a possibly unbound function"""
+)
+
+
+get_method_function = operator.attrgetter(_meth_func)
+get_method_self = operator.attrgetter(_meth_self)
+get_function_closure = operator.attrgetter(_func_closure)
+get_function_code = operator.attrgetter(_func_code)
+get_function_defaults = operator.attrgetter(_func_defaults)
+get_function_globals = operator.attrgetter(_func_globals)
+
+
+if PY3:
+
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.keys(**kw))
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.values(**kw))
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.items(**kw))
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.lists(**kw))
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("keys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("values")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("items")
+else:
+
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterkeys(**kw)
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return d.itervalues(**kw)
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return d.iteritems(**kw)
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterlists(**kw)
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("viewkeys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("viewvalues")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("viewitems")
+
+_add_doc(iterkeys, "Return an iterator over the keys of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(itervalues, "Return an iterator over the values of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iteritems, "Return an iterator over the (key, value) pairs of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(
+    iterlists, "Return an iterator over the (key, [values]) pairs of a dictionary."
+)
+
+
+if PY3:
+
+    def b(s):
+        return s.encode("latin-1")
+
+    def u(s):
+        return s
+
+    unichr = chr
+    import struct
+
+    int2byte = struct.Struct(">B").pack
+    del struct
+    byte2int = operator.itemgetter(0)
+    indexbytes = operator.getitem
+    iterbytes = iter
+    import io
+
+    StringIO = io.StringIO
+    BytesIO = io.BytesIO
+    del io
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertCountEqual"
+    if sys.version_info[1] <= 1:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+        _assertNotRegex = "assertNotRegexpMatches"
+    else:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegex"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegex"
+        _assertNotRegex = "assertNotRegex"
+else:
+
+    def b(s):
+        return s
+
+    # Workaround for standalone backslash
+
+    def u(s):
+        return unicode(s.replace(r"\\", r"\\\\"), "unicode_escape")
+
+    unichr = unichr
+    int2byte = chr
+
+    def byte2int(bs):
+        return ord(bs[0])
+
+    def indexbytes(buf, i):
+        return ord(buf[i])
+
+    iterbytes = functools.partial(itertools.imap, ord)
+    import StringIO
+
+    StringIO = BytesIO = StringIO.StringIO
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertItemsEqual"
+    _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+    _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+    _assertNotRegex = "assertNotRegexpMatches"
+_add_doc(b, """Byte literal""")
+_add_doc(u, """Text literal""")
+
+
+def assertCountEqual(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertCountEqual)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRaisesRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRaisesRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertNotRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertNotRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    exec_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "exec")
+
+    def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+        try:
+            if value is None:
+                value = tp()
+            if value.__traceback__ is not tb:
+                raise value.with_traceback(tb)
+            raise value
+        finally:
+            value = None
+            tb = None
+
+
+else:
+
+    def exec_(_code_, _globs_=None, _locs_=None):
+        """Execute code in a namespace."""
+        if _globs_ is None:
+            frame = sys._getframe(1)
+            _globs_ = frame.f_globals
+            if _locs_ is None:
+                _locs_ = frame.f_locals
+            del frame
+        elif _locs_ is None:
+            _locs_ = _globs_
+        exec ("""exec _code_ in _globs_, _locs_""")
+
+    exec_(
+        """def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+    try:
+        raise tp, value, tb
+    finally:
+        tb = None
+"""
+    )
+
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] > (3,):
+    exec_(
+        """def raise_from(value, from_value):
+    try:
+        raise value from from_value
+    finally:
+        value = None
+"""
+    )
+else:
+
+    def raise_from(value, from_value):
+        raise value
+
+
+print_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "print", None)
+if print_ is None:
+
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        """The new-style print function for Python 2.4 and 2.5."""
+        fp = kwargs.pop("file", sys.stdout)
+        if fp is None:
+            return
+
+        def write(data):
+            if not isinstance(data, basestring):
+                data = str(data)
+            # If the file has an encoding, encode unicode with it.
+            if (
+                isinstance(fp, file)
+                and isinstance(data, unicode)
+                and fp.encoding is not None
+            ):
+                errors = getattr(fp, "errors", None)
+                if errors is None:
+                    errors = "strict"
+                data = data.encode(fp.encoding, errors)
+            fp.write(data)
+
+        want_unicode = False
+        sep = kwargs.pop("sep", None)
+        if sep is not None:
+            if isinstance(sep, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(sep, str):
+                raise TypeError("sep must be None or a string")
+        end = kwargs.pop("end", None)
+        if end is not None:
+            if isinstance(end, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(end, str):
+                raise TypeError("end must be None or a string")
+        if kwargs:
+            raise TypeError("invalid keyword arguments to print()")
+        if not want_unicode:
+            for arg in args:
+                if isinstance(arg, unicode):
+                    want_unicode = True
+                    break
+        if want_unicode:
+            newline = unicode("\n")
+            space = unicode(" ")
+        else:
+            newline = "\n"
+            space = " "
+        if sep is None:
+            sep = space
+        if end is None:
+            end = newline
+        for i, arg in enumerate(args):
+            if i:
+                write(sep)
+            write(arg)
+        write(end)
+
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 3):
+    _print = print_
+
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        fp = kwargs.get("file", sys.stdout)
+        flush = kwargs.pop("flush", False)
+        _print(*args, **kwargs)
+        if flush and fp is not None:
+            fp.flush()
+
+
+_add_doc(reraise, """Reraise an exception.""")
+
+if sys.version_info[0:2] < (3, 4):
+    # This does exactly the same what the :func:`py3:functools.update_wrapper`
+    # function does on Python versions after 3.2. It sets the ``__wrapped__``
+    # attribute on ``wrapper`` object and it doesn't raise an error if any of
+    # the attributes mentioned in ``assigned`` and ``updated`` are missing on
+    # ``wrapped`` object.
+    def _update_wrapper(
+        wrapper,
+        wrapped,
+        assigned=functools.WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS,
+        updated=functools.WRAPPER_UPDATES,
+    ):
+        for attr in assigned:
+            try:
+                value = getattr(wrapped, attr)
+            except AttributeError:
+                continue
+            else:
+                setattr(wrapper, attr, value)
+        for attr in updated:
+            getattr(wrapper, attr).update(getattr(wrapped, attr, {}))
+        wrapper.__wrapped__ = wrapped
+        return wrapper
+
+    _update_wrapper.__doc__ = functools.update_wrapper.__doc__
+
+    def wraps(
+        wrapped,
+        assigned=functools.WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS,
+        updated=functools.WRAPPER_UPDATES,
+    ):
+        return functools.partial(
+            _update_wrapper, wrapped=wrapped, assigned=assigned, updated=updated
+        )
+
+    wraps.__doc__ = functools.wraps.__doc__
+
+else:
+    wraps = functools.wraps
+
+
+def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):
+    """Create a base class with a metaclass."""
+    # This requires a bit of explanation: the basic idea is to make a dummy
+    # metaclass for one level of class instantiation that replaces itself with
+    # the actual metaclass.
+    class metaclass(type):
+        def __new__(cls, name, this_bases, d):
+            if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+                # This version introduced PEP 560 that requires a bit
+                # of extra care (we mimic what is done by __build_class__).
+                resolved_bases = types.resolve_bases(bases)
+                if resolved_bases is not bases:
+                    d["__orig_bases__"] = bases
+            else:
+                resolved_bases = bases
+            return meta(name, resolved_bases, d)
+
+        @classmethod
+        def __prepare__(cls, name, this_bases):
+            return meta.__prepare__(name, bases)
+
+    return type.__new__(metaclass, "temporary_class", (), {})
+
+
+def add_metaclass(metaclass):
+    """Class decorator for creating a class with a metaclass."""
+
+    def wrapper(cls):
+        orig_vars = cls.__dict__.copy()
+        slots = orig_vars.get("__slots__")
+        if slots is not None:
+            if isinstance(slots, str):
+                slots = [slots]
+            for slots_var in slots:
+                orig_vars.pop(slots_var)
+        orig_vars.pop("__dict__", None)
+        orig_vars.pop("__weakref__", None)
+        if hasattr(cls, "__qualname__"):
+            orig_vars["__qualname__"] = cls.__qualname__
+        return metaclass(cls.__name__, cls.__bases__, orig_vars)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def ensure_binary(s, encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"):
+    """Coerce **s** to six.binary_type.
+
+    For Python 2:
+      - `unicode` -> encoded to `str`
+      - `str` -> `str`
+
+    For Python 3:
+      - `str` -> encoded to `bytes`
+      - `bytes` -> `bytes`
+    """
+    if isinstance(s, binary_type):
+        return s
+    if isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s.encode(encoding, errors)
+    raise TypeError("not expecting type '%s'" % type(s))
+
+
+def ensure_str(s, encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"):
+    """Coerce *s* to `str`.
+
+    For Python 2:
+      - `unicode` -> encoded to `str`
+      - `str` -> `str`
+
+    For Python 3:
+      - `str` -> `str`
+      - `bytes` -> decoded to `str`
+    """
+    # Optimization: Fast return for the common case.
+    if type(s) is str:
+        return s
+    if PY2 and isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s.encode(encoding, errors)
+    elif PY3 and isinstance(s, binary_type):
+        return s.decode(encoding, errors)
+    elif not isinstance(s, (text_type, binary_type)):
+        raise TypeError("not expecting type '%s'" % type(s))
+    return s
+
+
+def ensure_text(s, encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"):
+    """Coerce *s* to six.text_type.
+
+    For Python 2:
+      - `unicode` -> `unicode`
+      - `str` -> `unicode`
+
+    For Python 3:
+      - `str` -> `str`
+      - `bytes` -> decoded to `str`
+    """
+    if isinstance(s, binary_type):
+        return s.decode(encoding, errors)
+    elif isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s
+    else:
+        raise TypeError("not expecting type '%s'" % type(s))
+
+
+def python_2_unicode_compatible(klass):
+    """
+    A class decorator that defines __unicode__ and __str__ methods under Python 2.
+    Under Python 3 it does nothing.
+
+    To support Python 2 and 3 with a single code base, define a __str__ method
+    returning text and apply this decorator to the class.
+    """
+    if PY2:
+        if "__str__" not in klass.__dict__:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "@python_2_unicode_compatible cannot be applied "
+                "to %s because it doesn't define __str__()." % klass.__name__
+            )
+        klass.__unicode__ = klass.__str__
+        klass.__str__ = lambda self: self.__unicode__().encode("utf-8")
+    return klass
+
+
+# Complete the moves implementation.
+# This code is at the end of this module to speed up module loading.
+# Turn this module into a package.
+__path__ = []  # required for PEP 302 and PEP 451
+__package__ = __name__  # see PEP 366 @ReservedAssignment
+if globals().get("__spec__") is not None:
+    __spec__.submodule_search_locations = []  # PEP 451 @UndefinedVariable
+# Remove other six meta path importers, since they cause problems. This can
+# happen if six is removed from sys.modules and then reloaded. (Setuptools does
+# this for some reason.)
+if sys.meta_path:
+    for i, importer in enumerate(sys.meta_path):
+        # Here's some real nastiness: Another "instance" of the six module might
+        # be floating around. Therefore, we can't use isinstance() to check for
+        # the six meta path importer, since the other six instance will have
+        # inserted an importer with different class.
+        if (
+            type(importer).__name__ == "_SixMetaPathImporter"
+            and importer.name == __name__
+        ):
+            del sys.meta_path[i]
+            break
+    del i, importer
+# Finally, add the importer to the meta path import hook.
+sys.meta_path.append(_importer)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/poolmanager.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/poolmanager.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a31a28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/poolmanager.py
@@ -0,0 +1,536 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import collections
+import functools
+import logging
+
+from ._collections import RecentlyUsedContainer
+from .connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool, port_by_scheme
+from .exceptions import (
+    LocationValueError,
+    MaxRetryError,
+    ProxySchemeUnknown,
+    ProxySchemeUnsupported,
+    URLSchemeUnknown,
+)
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six.moves.urllib.parse import urljoin
+from .request import RequestMethods
+from .util.proxy import connection_requires_http_tunnel
+from .util.retry import Retry
+from .util.url import parse_url
+
+__all__ = ["PoolManager", "ProxyManager", "proxy_from_url"]
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+SSL_KEYWORDS = (
+    "key_file",
+    "cert_file",
+    "cert_reqs",
+    "ca_certs",
+    "ssl_version",
+    "ca_cert_dir",
+    "ssl_context",
+    "key_password",
+)
+
+# All known keyword arguments that could be provided to the pool manager, its
+# pools, or the underlying connections. This is used to construct a pool key.
+_key_fields = (
+    "key_scheme",  # str
+    "key_host",  # str
+    "key_port",  # int
+    "key_timeout",  # int or float or Timeout
+    "key_retries",  # int or Retry
+    "key_strict",  # bool
+    "key_block",  # bool
+    "key_source_address",  # str
+    "key_key_file",  # str
+    "key_key_password",  # str
+    "key_cert_file",  # str
+    "key_cert_reqs",  # str
+    "key_ca_certs",  # str
+    "key_ssl_version",  # str
+    "key_ca_cert_dir",  # str
+    "key_ssl_context",  # instance of ssl.SSLContext or urllib3.util.ssl_.SSLContext
+    "key_maxsize",  # int
+    "key_headers",  # dict
+    "key__proxy",  # parsed proxy url
+    "key__proxy_headers",  # dict
+    "key__proxy_config",  # class
+    "key_socket_options",  # list of (level (int), optname (int), value (int or str)) tuples
+    "key__socks_options",  # dict
+    "key_assert_hostname",  # bool or string
+    "key_assert_fingerprint",  # str
+    "key_server_hostname",  # str
+)
+
+#: The namedtuple class used to construct keys for the connection pool.
+#: All custom key schemes should include the fields in this key at a minimum.
+PoolKey = collections.namedtuple("PoolKey", _key_fields)
+
+_proxy_config_fields = ("ssl_context", "use_forwarding_for_https")
+ProxyConfig = collections.namedtuple("ProxyConfig", _proxy_config_fields)
+
+
+def _default_key_normalizer(key_class, request_context):
+    """
+    Create a pool key out of a request context dictionary.
+
+    According to RFC 3986, both the scheme and host are case-insensitive.
+    Therefore, this function normalizes both before constructing the pool
+    key for an HTTPS request. If you wish to change this behaviour, provide
+    alternate callables to ``key_fn_by_scheme``.
+
+    :param key_class:
+        The class to use when constructing the key. This should be a namedtuple
+        with the ``scheme`` and ``host`` keys at a minimum.
+    :type  key_class: namedtuple
+    :param request_context:
+        A dictionary-like object that contain the context for a request.
+    :type  request_context: dict
+
+    :return: A namedtuple that can be used as a connection pool key.
+    :rtype:  PoolKey
+    """
+    # Since we mutate the dictionary, make a copy first
+    context = request_context.copy()
+    context["scheme"] = context["scheme"].lower()
+    context["host"] = context["host"].lower()
+
+    # These are both dictionaries and need to be transformed into frozensets
+    for key in ("headers", "_proxy_headers", "_socks_options"):
+        if key in context and context[key] is not None:
+            context[key] = frozenset(context[key].items())
+
+    # The socket_options key may be a list and needs to be transformed into a
+    # tuple.
+    socket_opts = context.get("socket_options")
+    if socket_opts is not None:
+        context["socket_options"] = tuple(socket_opts)
+
+    # Map the kwargs to the names in the namedtuple - this is necessary since
+    # namedtuples can't have fields starting with '_'.
+    for key in list(context.keys()):
+        context["key_" + key] = context.pop(key)
+
+    # Default to ``None`` for keys missing from the context
+    for field in key_class._fields:
+        if field not in context:
+            context[field] = None
+
+    return key_class(**context)
+
+
+#: A dictionary that maps a scheme to a callable that creates a pool key.
+#: This can be used to alter the way pool keys are constructed, if desired.
+#: Each PoolManager makes a copy of this dictionary so they can be configured
+#: globally here, or individually on the instance.
+key_fn_by_scheme = {
+    "http": functools.partial(_default_key_normalizer, PoolKey),
+    "https": functools.partial(_default_key_normalizer, PoolKey),
+}
+
+pool_classes_by_scheme = {"http": HTTPConnectionPool, "https": HTTPSConnectionPool}
+
+
+class PoolManager(RequestMethods):
+    """
+    Allows for arbitrary requests while transparently keeping track of
+    necessary connection pools for you.
+
+    :param num_pools:
+        Number of connection pools to cache before discarding the least
+        recently used pool.
+
+    :param headers:
+        Headers to include with all requests, unless other headers are given
+        explicitly.
+
+    :param \\**connection_pool_kw:
+        Additional parameters are used to create fresh
+        :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` instances.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> manager = PoolManager(num_pools=2)
+        >>> r = manager.request('GET', 'http://google.com/')
+        >>> r = manager.request('GET', 'http://google.com/mail')
+        >>> r = manager.request('GET', 'http://yahoo.com/')
+        >>> len(manager.pools)
+        2
+
+    """
+
+    proxy = None
+    proxy_config = None
+
+    def __init__(self, num_pools=10, headers=None, **connection_pool_kw):
+        RequestMethods.__init__(self, headers)
+        self.connection_pool_kw = connection_pool_kw
+        self.pools = RecentlyUsedContainer(num_pools, dispose_func=lambda p: p.close())
+
+        # Locally set the pool classes and keys so other PoolManagers can
+        # override them.
+        self.pool_classes_by_scheme = pool_classes_by_scheme
+        self.key_fn_by_scheme = key_fn_by_scheme.copy()
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        self.clear()
+        # Return False to re-raise any potential exceptions
+        return False
+
+    def _new_pool(self, scheme, host, port, request_context=None):
+        """
+        Create a new :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on host, port, scheme, and
+        any additional pool keyword arguments.
+
+        If ``request_context`` is provided, it is provided as keyword arguments
+        to the pool class used. This method is used to actually create the
+        connection pools handed out by :meth:`connection_from_url` and
+        companion methods. It is intended to be overridden for customization.
+        """
+        pool_cls = self.pool_classes_by_scheme[scheme]
+        if request_context is None:
+            request_context = self.connection_pool_kw.copy()
+
+        # Although the context has everything necessary to create the pool,
+        # this function has historically only used the scheme, host, and port
+        # in the positional args. When an API change is acceptable these can
+        # be removed.
+        for key in ("scheme", "host", "port"):
+            request_context.pop(key, None)
+
+        if scheme == "http":
+            for kw in SSL_KEYWORDS:
+                request_context.pop(kw, None)
+
+        return pool_cls(host, port, **request_context)
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """
+        Empty our store of pools and direct them all to close.
+
+        This will not affect in-flight connections, but they will not be
+        re-used after completion.
+        """
+        self.pools.clear()
+
+    def connection_from_host(self, host, port=None, scheme="http", pool_kwargs=None):
+        """
+        Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the host, port, and scheme.
+
+        If ``port`` isn't given, it will be derived from the ``scheme`` using
+        ``urllib3.connectionpool.port_by_scheme``. If ``pool_kwargs`` is
+        provided, it is merged with the instance's ``connection_pool_kw``
+        variable and used to create the new connection pool, if one is
+        needed.
+        """
+
+        if not host:
+            raise LocationValueError("No host specified.")
+
+        request_context = self._merge_pool_kwargs(pool_kwargs)
+        request_context["scheme"] = scheme or "http"
+        if not port:
+            port = port_by_scheme.get(request_context["scheme"].lower(), 80)
+        request_context["port"] = port
+        request_context["host"] = host
+
+        return self.connection_from_context(request_context)
+
+    def connection_from_context(self, request_context):
+        """
+        Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the request context.
+
+        ``request_context`` must at least contain the ``scheme`` key and its
+        value must be a key in ``key_fn_by_scheme`` instance variable.
+        """
+        scheme = request_context["scheme"].lower()
+        pool_key_constructor = self.key_fn_by_scheme.get(scheme)
+        if not pool_key_constructor:
+            raise URLSchemeUnknown(scheme)
+        pool_key = pool_key_constructor(request_context)
+
+        return self.connection_from_pool_key(pool_key, request_context=request_context)
+
+    def connection_from_pool_key(self, pool_key, request_context=None):
+        """
+        Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the provided pool key.
+
+        ``pool_key`` should be a namedtuple that only contains immutable
+        objects. At a minimum it must have the ``scheme``, ``host``, and
+        ``port`` fields.
+        """
+        with self.pools.lock:
+            # If the scheme, host, or port doesn't match existing open
+            # connections, open a new ConnectionPool.
+            pool = self.pools.get(pool_key)
+            if pool:
+                return pool
+
+            # Make a fresh ConnectionPool of the desired type
+            scheme = request_context["scheme"]
+            host = request_context["host"]
+            port = request_context["port"]
+            pool = self._new_pool(scheme, host, port, request_context=request_context)
+            self.pools[pool_key] = pool
+
+        return pool
+
+    def connection_from_url(self, url, pool_kwargs=None):
+        """
+        Similar to :func:`urllib3.connectionpool.connection_from_url`.
+
+        If ``pool_kwargs`` is not provided and a new pool needs to be
+        constructed, ``self.connection_pool_kw`` is used to initialize
+        the :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool`. If ``pool_kwargs``
+        is provided, it is used instead. Note that if a new pool does not
+        need to be created for the request, the provided ``pool_kwargs`` are
+        not used.
+        """
+        u = parse_url(url)
+        return self.connection_from_host(
+            u.host, port=u.port, scheme=u.scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
+        )
+
+    def _merge_pool_kwargs(self, override):
+        """
+        Merge a dictionary of override values for self.connection_pool_kw.
+
+        This does not modify self.connection_pool_kw and returns a new dict.
+        Any keys in the override dictionary with a value of ``None`` are
+        removed from the merged dictionary.
+        """
+        base_pool_kwargs = self.connection_pool_kw.copy()
+        if override:
+            for key, value in override.items():
+                if value is None:
+                    try:
+                        del base_pool_kwargs[key]
+                    except KeyError:
+                        pass
+                else:
+                    base_pool_kwargs[key] = value
+        return base_pool_kwargs
+
+    def _proxy_requires_url_absolute_form(self, parsed_url):
+        """
+        Indicates if the proxy requires the complete destination URL in the
+        request.  Normally this is only needed when not using an HTTP CONNECT
+        tunnel.
+        """
+        if self.proxy is None:
+            return False
+
+        return not connection_requires_http_tunnel(
+            self.proxy, self.proxy_config, parsed_url.scheme
+        )
+
+    def _validate_proxy_scheme_url_selection(self, url_scheme):
+        """
+        Validates that were not attempting to do TLS in TLS connections on
+        Python2 or with unsupported SSL implementations.
+        """
+        if self.proxy is None or url_scheme != "https":
+            return
+
+        if self.proxy.scheme != "https":
+            return
+
+        if six.PY2 and not self.proxy_config.use_forwarding_for_https:
+            raise ProxySchemeUnsupported(
+                "Contacting HTTPS destinations through HTTPS proxies "
+                "'via CONNECT tunnels' is not supported in Python 2"
+            )
+
+    def urlopen(self, method, url, redirect=True, **kw):
+        """
+        Same as :meth:`urllib3.HTTPConnectionPool.urlopen`
+        with custom cross-host redirect logic and only sends the request-uri
+        portion of the ``url``.
+
+        The given ``url`` parameter must be absolute, such that an appropriate
+        :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` can be chosen for it.
+        """
+        u = parse_url(url)
+        self._validate_proxy_scheme_url_selection(u.scheme)
+
+        conn = self.connection_from_host(u.host, port=u.port, scheme=u.scheme)
+
+        kw["assert_same_host"] = False
+        kw["redirect"] = False
+
+        if "headers" not in kw:
+            kw["headers"] = self.headers.copy()
+
+        if self._proxy_requires_url_absolute_form(u):
+            response = conn.urlopen(method, url, **kw)
+        else:
+            response = conn.urlopen(method, u.request_uri, **kw)
+
+        redirect_location = redirect and response.get_redirect_location()
+        if not redirect_location:
+            return response
+
+        # Support relative URLs for redirecting.
+        redirect_location = urljoin(url, redirect_location)
+
+        # RFC 7231, Section 6.4.4
+        if response.status == 303:
+            method = "GET"
+
+        retries = kw.get("retries")
+        if not isinstance(retries, Retry):
+            retries = Retry.from_int(retries, redirect=redirect)
+
+        # Strip headers marked as unsafe to forward to the redirected location.
+        # Check remove_headers_on_redirect to avoid a potential network call within
+        # conn.is_same_host() which may use socket.gethostbyname() in the future.
+        if retries.remove_headers_on_redirect and not conn.is_same_host(
+            redirect_location
+        ):
+            headers = list(six.iterkeys(kw["headers"]))
+            for header in headers:
+                if header.lower() in retries.remove_headers_on_redirect:
+                    kw["headers"].pop(header, None)
+
+        try:
+            retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=response, _pool=conn)
+        except MaxRetryError:
+            if retries.raise_on_redirect:
+                response.drain_conn()
+                raise
+            return response
+
+        kw["retries"] = retries
+        kw["redirect"] = redirect
+
+        log.info("Redirecting %s -> %s", url, redirect_location)
+
+        response.drain_conn()
+        return self.urlopen(method, redirect_location, **kw)
+
+
+class ProxyManager(PoolManager):
+    """
+    Behaves just like :class:`PoolManager`, but sends all requests through
+    the defined proxy, using the CONNECT method for HTTPS URLs.
+
+    :param proxy_url:
+        The URL of the proxy to be used.
+
+    :param proxy_headers:
+        A dictionary containing headers that will be sent to the proxy. In case
+        of HTTP they are being sent with each request, while in the
+        HTTPS/CONNECT case they are sent only once. Could be used for proxy
+        authentication.
+
+    :param proxy_ssl_context:
+        The proxy SSL context is used to establish the TLS connection to the
+        proxy when using HTTPS proxies.
+
+    :param use_forwarding_for_https:
+        (Defaults to False) If set to True will forward requests to the HTTPS
+        proxy to be made on behalf of the client instead of creating a TLS
+        tunnel via the CONNECT method. **Enabling this flag means that request
+        and response headers and content will be visible from the HTTPS proxy**
+        whereas tunneling keeps request and response headers and content
+        private.  IP address, target hostname, SNI, and port are always visible
+        to an HTTPS proxy even when this flag is disabled.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> proxy = urllib3.ProxyManager('http://localhost:3128/')
+        >>> r1 = proxy.request('GET', 'http://google.com/')
+        >>> r2 = proxy.request('GET', 'http://httpbin.org/')
+        >>> len(proxy.pools)
+        1
+        >>> r3 = proxy.request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/')
+        >>> r4 = proxy.request('GET', 'https://twitter.com/')
+        >>> len(proxy.pools)
+        3
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        proxy_url,
+        num_pools=10,
+        headers=None,
+        proxy_headers=None,
+        proxy_ssl_context=None,
+        use_forwarding_for_https=False,
+        **connection_pool_kw
+    ):
+
+        if isinstance(proxy_url, HTTPConnectionPool):
+            proxy_url = "%s://%s:%i" % (
+                proxy_url.scheme,
+                proxy_url.host,
+                proxy_url.port,
+            )
+        proxy = parse_url(proxy_url)
+
+        if proxy.scheme not in ("http", "https"):
+            raise ProxySchemeUnknown(proxy.scheme)
+
+        if not proxy.port:
+            port = port_by_scheme.get(proxy.scheme, 80)
+            proxy = proxy._replace(port=port)
+
+        self.proxy = proxy
+        self.proxy_headers = proxy_headers or {}
+        self.proxy_ssl_context = proxy_ssl_context
+        self.proxy_config = ProxyConfig(proxy_ssl_context, use_forwarding_for_https)
+
+        connection_pool_kw["_proxy"] = self.proxy
+        connection_pool_kw["_proxy_headers"] = self.proxy_headers
+        connection_pool_kw["_proxy_config"] = self.proxy_config
+
+        super(ProxyManager, self).__init__(num_pools, headers, **connection_pool_kw)
+
+    def connection_from_host(self, host, port=None, scheme="http", pool_kwargs=None):
+        if scheme == "https":
+            return super(ProxyManager, self).connection_from_host(
+                host, port, scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
+            )
+
+        return super(ProxyManager, self).connection_from_host(
+            self.proxy.host, self.proxy.port, self.proxy.scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
+        )
+
+    def _set_proxy_headers(self, url, headers=None):
+        """
+        Sets headers needed by proxies: specifically, the Accept and Host
+        headers. Only sets headers not provided by the user.
+        """
+        headers_ = {"Accept": "*/*"}
+
+        netloc = parse_url(url).netloc
+        if netloc:
+            headers_["Host"] = netloc
+
+        if headers:
+            headers_.update(headers)
+        return headers_
+
+    def urlopen(self, method, url, redirect=True, **kw):
+        "Same as HTTP(S)ConnectionPool.urlopen, ``url`` must be absolute."
+        u = parse_url(url)
+        if not connection_requires_http_tunnel(self.proxy, self.proxy_config, u.scheme):
+            # For connections using HTTP CONNECT, httplib sets the necessary
+            # headers on the CONNECT to the proxy. If we're not using CONNECT,
+            # we'll definitely need to set 'Host' at the very least.
+            headers = kw.get("headers", self.headers)
+            kw["headers"] = self._set_proxy_headers(url, headers)
+
+        return super(ProxyManager, self).urlopen(method, url, redirect=redirect, **kw)
+
+
+def proxy_from_url(url, **kw):
+    return ProxyManager(proxy_url=url, **kw)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/request.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..398386a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from .filepost import encode_multipart_formdata
+from .packages.six.moves.urllib.parse import urlencode
+
+__all__ = ["RequestMethods"]
+
+
+class RequestMethods(object):
+    """
+    Convenience mixin for classes who implement a :meth:`urlopen` method, such
+    as :class:`urllib3.HTTPConnectionPool` and
+    :class:`urllib3.PoolManager`.
+
+    Provides behavior for making common types of HTTP request methods and
+    decides which type of request field encoding to use.
+
+    Specifically,
+
+    :meth:`.request_encode_url` is for sending requests whose fields are
+    encoded in the URL (such as GET, HEAD, DELETE).
+
+    :meth:`.request_encode_body` is for sending requests whose fields are
+    encoded in the *body* of the request using multipart or www-form-urlencoded
+    (such as for POST, PUT, PATCH).
+
+    :meth:`.request` is for making any kind of request, it will look up the
+    appropriate encoding format and use one of the above two methods to make
+    the request.
+
+    Initializer parameters:
+
+    :param headers:
+        Headers to include with all requests, unless other headers are given
+        explicitly.
+    """
+
+    _encode_url_methods = {"DELETE", "GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS"}
+
+    def __init__(self, headers=None):
+        self.headers = headers or {}
+
+    def urlopen(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        body=None,
+        headers=None,
+        encode_multipart=True,
+        multipart_boundary=None,
+        **kw
+    ):  # Abstract
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Classes extending RequestMethods must implement "
+            "their own ``urlopen`` method."
+        )
+
+    def request(self, method, url, fields=None, headers=None, **urlopen_kw):
+        """
+        Make a request using :meth:`urlopen` with the appropriate encoding of
+        ``fields`` based on the ``method`` used.
+
+        This is a convenience method that requires the least amount of manual
+        effort. It can be used in most situations, while still having the
+        option to drop down to more specific methods when necessary, such as
+        :meth:`request_encode_url`, :meth:`request_encode_body`,
+        or even the lowest level :meth:`urlopen`.
+        """
+        method = method.upper()
+
+        urlopen_kw["request_url"] = url
+
+        if method in self._encode_url_methods:
+            return self.request_encode_url(
+                method, url, fields=fields, headers=headers, **urlopen_kw
+            )
+        else:
+            return self.request_encode_body(
+                method, url, fields=fields, headers=headers, **urlopen_kw
+            )
+
+    def request_encode_url(self, method, url, fields=None, headers=None, **urlopen_kw):
+        """
+        Make a request using :meth:`urlopen` with the ``fields`` encoded in
+        the url. This is useful for request methods like GET, HEAD, DELETE, etc.
+        """
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = self.headers
+
+        extra_kw = {"headers": headers}
+        extra_kw.update(urlopen_kw)
+
+        if fields:
+            url += "?" + urlencode(fields)
+
+        return self.urlopen(method, url, **extra_kw)
+
+    def request_encode_body(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        fields=None,
+        headers=None,
+        encode_multipart=True,
+        multipart_boundary=None,
+        **urlopen_kw
+    ):
+        """
+        Make a request using :meth:`urlopen` with the ``fields`` encoded in
+        the body. This is useful for request methods like POST, PUT, PATCH, etc.
+
+        When ``encode_multipart=True`` (default), then
+        :func:`urllib3.encode_multipart_formdata` is used to encode
+        the payload with the appropriate content type. Otherwise
+        :func:`urllib.parse.urlencode` is used with the
+        'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' content type.
+
+        Multipart encoding must be used when posting files, and it's reasonably
+        safe to use it in other times too. However, it may break request
+        signing, such as with OAuth.
+
+        Supports an optional ``fields`` parameter of key/value strings AND
+        key/filetuple. A filetuple is a (filename, data, MIME type) tuple where
+        the MIME type is optional. For example::
+
+            fields = {
+                'foo': 'bar',
+                'fakefile': ('foofile.txt', 'contents of foofile'),
+                'realfile': ('barfile.txt', open('realfile').read()),
+                'typedfile': ('bazfile.bin', open('bazfile').read(),
+                              'image/jpeg'),
+                'nonamefile': 'contents of nonamefile field',
+            }
+
+        When uploading a file, providing a filename (the first parameter of the
+        tuple) is optional but recommended to best mimic behavior of browsers.
+
+        Note that if ``headers`` are supplied, the 'Content-Type' header will
+        be overwritten because it depends on the dynamic random boundary string
+        which is used to compose the body of the request. The random boundary
+        string can be explicitly set with the ``multipart_boundary`` parameter.
+        """
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = self.headers
+
+        extra_kw = {"headers": {}}
+
+        if fields:
+            if "body" in urlopen_kw:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "request got values for both 'fields' and 'body', can only specify one."
+                )
+
+            if encode_multipart:
+                body, content_type = encode_multipart_formdata(
+                    fields, boundary=multipart_boundary
+                )
+            else:
+                body, content_type = (
+                    urlencode(fields),
+                    "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+                )
+
+            extra_kw["body"] = body
+            extra_kw["headers"] = {"Content-Type": content_type}
+
+        extra_kw["headers"].update(headers)
+        extra_kw.update(urlopen_kw)
+
+        return self.urlopen(method, url, **extra_kw)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38693f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py
@@ -0,0 +1,821 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import io
+import logging
+import zlib
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+try:
+    import brotli
+except ImportError:
+    brotli = None
+
+from ._collections import HTTPHeaderDict
+from .connection import BaseSSLError, HTTPException
+from .exceptions import (
+    BodyNotHttplibCompatible,
+    DecodeError,
+    HTTPError,
+    IncompleteRead,
+    InvalidChunkLength,
+    InvalidHeader,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ReadTimeoutError,
+    ResponseNotChunked,
+    SSLError,
+)
+from .packages import six
+from .util.response import is_fp_closed, is_response_to_head
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class DeflateDecoder(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._first_try = True
+        self._data = b""
+        self._obj = zlib.decompressobj()
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self._obj, name)
+
+    def decompress(self, data):
+        if not data:
+            return data
+
+        if not self._first_try:
+            return self._obj.decompress(data)
+
+        self._data += data
+        try:
+            decompressed = self._obj.decompress(data)
+            if decompressed:
+                self._first_try = False
+                self._data = None
+            return decompressed
+        except zlib.error:
+            self._first_try = False
+            self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(-zlib.MAX_WBITS)
+            try:
+                return self.decompress(self._data)
+            finally:
+                self._data = None
+
+
+class GzipDecoderState(object):
+
+    FIRST_MEMBER = 0
+    OTHER_MEMBERS = 1
+    SWALLOW_DATA = 2
+
+
+class GzipDecoder(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS)
+        self._state = GzipDecoderState.FIRST_MEMBER
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self._obj, name)
+
+    def decompress(self, data):
+        ret = bytearray()
+        if self._state == GzipDecoderState.SWALLOW_DATA or not data:
+            return bytes(ret)
+        while True:
+            try:
+                ret += self._obj.decompress(data)
+            except zlib.error:
+                previous_state = self._state
+                # Ignore data after the first error
+                self._state = GzipDecoderState.SWALLOW_DATA
+                if previous_state == GzipDecoderState.OTHER_MEMBERS:
+                    # Allow trailing garbage acceptable in other gzip clients
+                    return bytes(ret)
+                raise
+            data = self._obj.unused_data
+            if not data:
+                return bytes(ret)
+            self._state = GzipDecoderState.OTHER_MEMBERS
+            self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS)
+
+
+if brotli is not None:
+
+    class BrotliDecoder(object):
+        # Supports both 'brotlipy' and 'Brotli' packages
+        # since they share an import name. The top branches
+        # are for 'brotlipy' and bottom branches for 'Brotli'
+        def __init__(self):
+            self._obj = brotli.Decompressor()
+            if hasattr(self._obj, "decompress"):
+                self.decompress = self._obj.decompress
+            else:
+                self.decompress = self._obj.process
+
+        def flush(self):
+            if hasattr(self._obj, "flush"):
+                return self._obj.flush()
+            return b""
+
+
+class MultiDecoder(object):
+    """
+    From RFC7231:
+        If one or more encodings have been applied to a representation, the
+        sender that applied the encodings MUST generate a Content-Encoding
+        header field that lists the content codings in the order in which
+        they were applied.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, modes):
+        self._decoders = [_get_decoder(m.strip()) for m in modes.split(",")]
+
+    def flush(self):
+        return self._decoders[0].flush()
+
+    def decompress(self, data):
+        for d in reversed(self._decoders):
+            data = d.decompress(data)
+        return data
+
+
+def _get_decoder(mode):
+    if "," in mode:
+        return MultiDecoder(mode)
+
+    if mode == "gzip":
+        return GzipDecoder()
+
+    if brotli is not None and mode == "br":
+        return BrotliDecoder()
+
+    return DeflateDecoder()
+
+
+class HTTPResponse(io.IOBase):
+    """
+    HTTP Response container.
+
+    Backwards-compatible with :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` but the response ``body`` is
+    loaded and decoded on-demand when the ``data`` property is accessed.  This
+    class is also compatible with the Python standard library's :mod:`io`
+    module, and can hence be treated as a readable object in the context of that
+    framework.
+
+    Extra parameters for behaviour not present in :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse`:
+
+    :param preload_content:
+        If True, the response's body will be preloaded during construction.
+
+    :param decode_content:
+        If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
+        'content-encoding' header.
+
+    :param original_response:
+        When this HTTPResponse wrapper is generated from an :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse`
+        object, it's convenient to include the original for debug purposes. It's
+        otherwise unused.
+
+    :param retries:
+        The retries contains the last :class:`~urllib3.util.retry.Retry` that
+        was used during the request.
+
+    :param enforce_content_length:
+        Enforce content length checking. Body returned by server must match
+        value of Content-Length header, if present. Otherwise, raise error.
+    """
+
+    CONTENT_DECODERS = ["gzip", "deflate"]
+    if brotli is not None:
+        CONTENT_DECODERS += ["br"]
+    REDIRECT_STATUSES = [301, 302, 303, 307, 308]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        body="",
+        headers=None,
+        status=0,
+        version=0,
+        reason=None,
+        strict=0,
+        preload_content=True,
+        decode_content=True,
+        original_response=None,
+        pool=None,
+        connection=None,
+        msg=None,
+        retries=None,
+        enforce_content_length=False,
+        request_method=None,
+        request_url=None,
+        auto_close=True,
+    ):
+
+        if isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict):
+            self.headers = headers
+        else:
+            self.headers = HTTPHeaderDict(headers)
+        self.status = status
+        self.version = version
+        self.reason = reason
+        self.strict = strict
+        self.decode_content = decode_content
+        self.retries = retries
+        self.enforce_content_length = enforce_content_length
+        self.auto_close = auto_close
+
+        self._decoder = None
+        self._body = None
+        self._fp = None
+        self._original_response = original_response
+        self._fp_bytes_read = 0
+        self.msg = msg
+        self._request_url = request_url
+
+        if body and isinstance(body, (six.string_types, bytes)):
+            self._body = body
+
+        self._pool = pool
+        self._connection = connection
+
+        if hasattr(body, "read"):
+            self._fp = body
+
+        # Are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding?
+        self.chunked = False
+        self.chunk_left = None
+        tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding", "").lower()
+        # Don't incur the penalty of creating a list and then discarding it
+        encodings = (enc.strip() for enc in tr_enc.split(","))
+        if "chunked" in encodings:
+            self.chunked = True
+
+        # Determine length of response
+        self.length_remaining = self._init_length(request_method)
+
+        # If requested, preload the body.
+        if preload_content and not self._body:
+            self._body = self.read(decode_content=decode_content)
+
+    def get_redirect_location(self):
+        """
+        Should we redirect and where to?
+
+        :returns: Truthy redirect location string if we got a redirect status
+            code and valid location. ``None`` if redirect status and no
+            location. ``False`` if not a redirect status code.
+        """
+        if self.status in self.REDIRECT_STATUSES:
+            return self.headers.get("location")
+
+        return False
+
+    def release_conn(self):
+        if not self._pool or not self._connection:
+            return
+
+        self._pool._put_conn(self._connection)
+        self._connection = None
+
+    def drain_conn(self):
+        """
+        Read and discard any remaining HTTP response data in the response connection.
+
+        Unread data in the HTTPResponse connection blocks the connection from being released back to the pool.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.read()
+        except (HTTPError, SocketError, BaseSSLError, HTTPException):
+            pass
+
+    @property
+    def data(self):
+        # For backwards-compat with earlier urllib3 0.4 and earlier.
+        if self._body:
+            return self._body
+
+        if self._fp:
+            return self.read(cache_content=True)
+
+    @property
+    def connection(self):
+        return self._connection
+
+    def isclosed(self):
+        return is_fp_closed(self._fp)
+
+    def tell(self):
+        """
+        Obtain the number of bytes pulled over the wire so far. May differ from
+        the amount of content returned by :meth:``urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.read``
+        if bytes are encoded on the wire (e.g, compressed).
+        """
+        return self._fp_bytes_read
+
+    def _init_length(self, request_method):
+        """
+        Set initial length value for Response content if available.
+        """
+        length = self.headers.get("content-length")
+
+        if length is not None:
+            if self.chunked:
+                # This Response will fail with an IncompleteRead if it can't be
+                # received as chunked. This method falls back to attempt reading
+                # the response before raising an exception.
+                log.warning(
+                    "Received response with both Content-Length and "
+                    "Transfer-Encoding set. This is expressly forbidden "
+                    "by RFC 7230 sec 3.3.2. Ignoring Content-Length and "
+                    "attempting to process response as Transfer-Encoding: "
+                    "chunked."
+                )
+                return None
+
+            try:
+                # RFC 7230 section 3.3.2 specifies multiple content lengths can
+                # be sent in a single Content-Length header
+                # (e.g. Content-Length: 42, 42). This line ensures the values
+                # are all valid ints and that as long as the `set` length is 1,
+                # all values are the same. Otherwise, the header is invalid.
+                lengths = set([int(val) for val in length.split(",")])
+                if len(lengths) > 1:
+                    raise InvalidHeader(
+                        "Content-Length contained multiple "
+                        "unmatching values (%s)" % length
+                    )
+                length = lengths.pop()
+            except ValueError:
+                length = None
+            else:
+                if length < 0:
+                    length = None
+
+        # Convert status to int for comparison
+        # In some cases, httplib returns a status of "_UNKNOWN"
+        try:
+            status = int(self.status)
+        except ValueError:
+            status = 0
+
+        # Check for responses that shouldn't include a body
+        if status in (204, 304) or 100 <= status < 200 or request_method == "HEAD":
+            length = 0
+
+        return length
+
+    def _init_decoder(self):
+        """
+        Set-up the _decoder attribute if necessary.
+        """
+        # Note: content-encoding value should be case-insensitive, per RFC 7230
+        # Section 3.2
+        content_encoding = self.headers.get("content-encoding", "").lower()
+        if self._decoder is None:
+            if content_encoding in self.CONTENT_DECODERS:
+                self._decoder = _get_decoder(content_encoding)
+            elif "," in content_encoding:
+                encodings = [
+                    e.strip()
+                    for e in content_encoding.split(",")
+                    if e.strip() in self.CONTENT_DECODERS
+                ]
+                if len(encodings):
+                    self._decoder = _get_decoder(content_encoding)
+
+    DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES = (IOError, zlib.error)
+    if brotli is not None:
+        DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES += (brotli.error,)
+
+    def _decode(self, data, decode_content, flush_decoder):
+        """
+        Decode the data passed in and potentially flush the decoder.
+        """
+        if not decode_content:
+            return data
+
+        try:
+            if self._decoder:
+                data = self._decoder.decompress(data)
+        except self.DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES as e:
+            content_encoding = self.headers.get("content-encoding", "").lower()
+            raise DecodeError(
+                "Received response with content-encoding: %s, but "
+                "failed to decode it." % content_encoding,
+                e,
+            )
+        if flush_decoder:
+            data += self._flush_decoder()
+
+        return data
+
+    def _flush_decoder(self):
+        """
+        Flushes the decoder. Should only be called if the decoder is actually
+        being used.
+        """
+        if self._decoder:
+            buf = self._decoder.decompress(b"")
+            return buf + self._decoder.flush()
+
+        return b""
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def _error_catcher(self):
+        """
+        Catch low-level python exceptions, instead re-raising urllib3
+        variants, so that low-level exceptions are not leaked in the
+        high-level api.
+
+        On exit, release the connection back to the pool.
+        """
+        clean_exit = False
+
+        try:
+            try:
+                yield
+
+            except SocketTimeout:
+                # FIXME: Ideally we'd like to include the url in the ReadTimeoutError but
+                # there is yet no clean way to get at it from this context.
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
+
+            except BaseSSLError as e:
+                # FIXME: Is there a better way to differentiate between SSLErrors?
+                if "read operation timed out" not in str(e):
+                    # SSL errors related to framing/MAC get wrapped and reraised here
+                    raise SSLError(e)
+
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
+
+            except (HTTPException, SocketError) as e:
+                # This includes IncompleteRead.
+                raise ProtocolError("Connection broken: %r" % e, e)
+
+            # If no exception is thrown, we should avoid cleaning up
+            # unnecessarily.
+            clean_exit = True
+        finally:
+            # If we didn't terminate cleanly, we need to throw away our
+            # connection.
+            if not clean_exit:
+                # The response may not be closed but we're not going to use it
+                # anymore so close it now to ensure that the connection is
+                # released back to the pool.
+                if self._original_response:
+                    self._original_response.close()
+
+                # Closing the response may not actually be sufficient to close
+                # everything, so if we have a hold of the connection close that
+                # too.
+                if self._connection:
+                    self._connection.close()
+
+            # If we hold the original response but it's closed now, we should
+            # return the connection back to the pool.
+            if self._original_response and self._original_response.isclosed():
+                self.release_conn()
+
+    def read(self, amt=None, decode_content=None, cache_content=False):
+        """
+        Similar to :meth:`http.client.HTTPResponse.read`, but with two additional
+        parameters: ``decode_content`` and ``cache_content``.
+
+        :param amt:
+            How much of the content to read. If specified, caching is skipped
+            because it doesn't make sense to cache partial content as the full
+            response.
+
+        :param decode_content:
+            If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
+            'content-encoding' header.
+
+        :param cache_content:
+            If True, will save the returned data such that the same result is
+            returned despite of the state of the underlying file object. This
+            is useful if you want the ``.data`` property to continue working
+            after having ``.read()`` the file object. (Overridden if ``amt`` is
+            set.)
+        """
+        self._init_decoder()
+        if decode_content is None:
+            decode_content = self.decode_content
+
+        if self._fp is None:
+            return
+
+        flush_decoder = False
+        fp_closed = getattr(self._fp, "closed", False)
+
+        with self._error_catcher():
+            if amt is None:
+                # cStringIO doesn't like amt=None
+                data = self._fp.read() if not fp_closed else b""
+                flush_decoder = True
+            else:
+                cache_content = False
+                data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
+                if (
+                    amt != 0 and not data
+                ):  # Platform-specific: Buggy versions of Python.
+                    # Close the connection when no data is returned
+                    #
+                    # This is redundant to what httplib/http.client _should_
+                    # already do.  However, versions of python released before
+                    # December 15, 2012 (http://bugs.python.org/issue16298) do
+                    # not properly close the connection in all cases. There is
+                    # no harm in redundantly calling close.
+                    self._fp.close()
+                    flush_decoder = True
+                    if self.enforce_content_length and self.length_remaining not in (
+                        0,
+                        None,
+                    ):
+                        # This is an edge case that httplib failed to cover due
+                        # to concerns of backward compatibility. We're
+                        # addressing it here to make sure IncompleteRead is
+                        # raised during streaming, so all calls with incorrect
+                        # Content-Length are caught.
+                        raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
+
+        if data:
+            self._fp_bytes_read += len(data)
+            if self.length_remaining is not None:
+                self.length_remaining -= len(data)
+
+            data = self._decode(data, decode_content, flush_decoder)
+
+            if cache_content:
+                self._body = data
+
+        return data
+
+    def stream(self, amt=2 ** 16, decode_content=None):
+        """
+        A generator wrapper for the read() method. A call will block until
+        ``amt`` bytes have been read from the connection or until the
+        connection is closed.
+
+        :param amt:
+            How much of the content to read. The generator will return up to
+            much data per iteration, but may return less. This is particularly
+            likely when using compressed data. However, the empty string will
+            never be returned.
+
+        :param decode_content:
+            If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
+            'content-encoding' header.
+        """
+        if self.chunked and self.supports_chunked_reads():
+            for line in self.read_chunked(amt, decode_content=decode_content):
+                yield line
+        else:
+            while not is_fp_closed(self._fp):
+                data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
+
+                if data:
+                    yield data
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_httplib(ResponseCls, r, **response_kw):
+        """
+        Given an :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` instance ``r``, return a
+        corresponding :class:`urllib3.response.HTTPResponse` object.
+
+        Remaining parameters are passed to the HTTPResponse constructor, along
+        with ``original_response=r``.
+        """
+        headers = r.msg
+
+        if not isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict):
+            if six.PY2:
+                # Python 2.7
+                headers = HTTPHeaderDict.from_httplib(headers)
+            else:
+                headers = HTTPHeaderDict(headers.items())
+
+        # HTTPResponse objects in Python 3 don't have a .strict attribute
+        strict = getattr(r, "strict", 0)
+        resp = ResponseCls(
+            body=r,
+            headers=headers,
+            status=r.status,
+            version=r.version,
+            reason=r.reason,
+            strict=strict,
+            original_response=r,
+            **response_kw
+        )
+        return resp
+
+    # Backwards-compatibility methods for http.client.HTTPResponse
+    def getheaders(self):
+        return self.headers
+
+    def getheader(self, name, default=None):
+        return self.headers.get(name, default)
+
+    # Backwards compatibility for http.cookiejar
+    def info(self):
+        return self.headers
+
+    # Overrides from io.IOBase
+    def close(self):
+        if not self.closed:
+            self._fp.close()
+
+        if self._connection:
+            self._connection.close()
+
+        if not self.auto_close:
+            io.IOBase.close(self)
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self):
+        if not self.auto_close:
+            return io.IOBase.closed.__get__(self)
+        elif self._fp is None:
+            return True
+        elif hasattr(self._fp, "isclosed"):
+            return self._fp.isclosed()
+        elif hasattr(self._fp, "closed"):
+            return self._fp.closed
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        if self._fp is None:
+            raise IOError("HTTPResponse has no file to get a fileno from")
+        elif hasattr(self._fp, "fileno"):
+            return self._fp.fileno()
+        else:
+            raise IOError(
+                "The file-like object this HTTPResponse is wrapped "
+                "around has no file descriptor"
+            )
+
+    def flush(self):
+        if (
+            self._fp is not None
+            and hasattr(self._fp, "flush")
+            and not getattr(self._fp, "closed", False)
+        ):
+            return self._fp.flush()
+
+    def readable(self):
+        # This method is required for `io` module compatibility.
+        return True
+
+    def readinto(self, b):
+        # This method is required for `io` module compatibility.
+        temp = self.read(len(b))
+        if len(temp) == 0:
+            return 0
+        else:
+            b[: len(temp)] = temp
+            return len(temp)
+
+    def supports_chunked_reads(self):
+        """
+        Checks if the underlying file-like object looks like a
+        :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` object. We do this by testing for
+        the fp attribute. If it is present we assume it returns raw chunks as
+        processed by read_chunked().
+        """
+        return hasattr(self._fp, "fp")
+
+    def _update_chunk_length(self):
+        # First, we'll figure out length of a chunk and then
+        # we'll try to read it from socket.
+        if self.chunk_left is not None:
+            return
+        line = self._fp.fp.readline()
+        line = line.split(b";", 1)[0]
+        try:
+            self.chunk_left = int(line, 16)
+        except ValueError:
+            # Invalid chunked protocol response, abort.
+            self.close()
+            raise InvalidChunkLength(self, line)
+
+    def _handle_chunk(self, amt):
+        returned_chunk = None
+        if amt is None:
+            chunk = self._fp._safe_read(self.chunk_left)
+            returned_chunk = chunk
+            self._fp._safe_read(2)  # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk.
+            self.chunk_left = None
+        elif amt < self.chunk_left:
+            value = self._fp._safe_read(amt)
+            self.chunk_left = self.chunk_left - amt
+            returned_chunk = value
+        elif amt == self.chunk_left:
+            value = self._fp._safe_read(amt)
+            self._fp._safe_read(2)  # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk.
+            self.chunk_left = None
+            returned_chunk = value
+        else:  # amt > self.chunk_left
+            returned_chunk = self._fp._safe_read(self.chunk_left)
+            self._fp._safe_read(2)  # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk.
+            self.chunk_left = None
+        return returned_chunk
+
+    def read_chunked(self, amt=None, decode_content=None):
+        """
+        Similar to :meth:`HTTPResponse.read`, but with an additional
+        parameter: ``decode_content``.
+
+        :param amt:
+            How much of the content to read. If specified, caching is skipped
+            because it doesn't make sense to cache partial content as the full
+            response.
+
+        :param decode_content:
+            If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
+            'content-encoding' header.
+        """
+        self._init_decoder()
+        # FIXME: Rewrite this method and make it a class with a better structured logic.
+        if not self.chunked:
+            raise ResponseNotChunked(
+                "Response is not chunked. "
+                "Header 'transfer-encoding: chunked' is missing."
+            )
+        if not self.supports_chunked_reads():
+            raise BodyNotHttplibCompatible(
+                "Body should be http.client.HTTPResponse like. "
+                "It should have have an fp attribute which returns raw chunks."
+            )
+
+        with self._error_catcher():
+            # Don't bother reading the body of a HEAD request.
+            if self._original_response and is_response_to_head(self._original_response):
+                self._original_response.close()
+                return
+
+            # If a response is already read and closed
+            # then return immediately.
+            if self._fp.fp is None:
+                return
+
+            while True:
+                self._update_chunk_length()
+                if self.chunk_left == 0:
+                    break
+                chunk = self._handle_chunk(amt)
+                decoded = self._decode(
+                    chunk, decode_content=decode_content, flush_decoder=False
+                )
+                if decoded:
+                    yield decoded
+
+            if decode_content:
+                # On CPython and PyPy, we should never need to flush the
+                # decoder. However, on Jython we *might* need to, so
+                # lets defensively do it anyway.
+                decoded = self._flush_decoder()
+                if decoded:  # Platform-specific: Jython.
+                    yield decoded
+
+            # Chunk content ends with \r\n: discard it.
+            while True:
+                line = self._fp.fp.readline()
+                if not line:
+                    # Some sites may not end with '\r\n'.
+                    break
+                if line == b"\r\n":
+                    break
+
+            # We read everything; close the "file".
+            if self._original_response:
+                self._original_response.close()
+
+    def geturl(self):
+        """
+        Returns the URL that was the source of this response.
+        If the request that generated this response redirected, this method
+        will return the final redirect location.
+        """
+        if self.retries is not None and len(self.retries.history):
+            return self.retries.history[-1].redirect_location
+        else:
+            return self._request_url
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        buffer = []
+        for chunk in self.stream(decode_content=True):
+            if b"\n" in chunk:
+                chunk = chunk.split(b"\n")
+                yield b"".join(buffer) + chunk[0] + b"\n"
+                for x in chunk[1:-1]:
+                    yield x + b"\n"
+                if chunk[-1]:
+                    buffer = [chunk[-1]]
+                else:
+                    buffer = []
+            else:
+                buffer.append(chunk)
+        if buffer:
+            yield b"".join(buffer)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4547fc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+# For backwards compatibility, provide imports that used to be here.
+from .connection import is_connection_dropped
+from .request import SKIP_HEADER, SKIPPABLE_HEADERS, make_headers
+from .response import is_fp_closed
+from .retry import Retry
+from .ssl_ import (
+    ALPN_PROTOCOLS,
+    HAS_SNI,
+    IS_PYOPENSSL,
+    IS_SECURETRANSPORT,
+    PROTOCOL_TLS,
+    SSLContext,
+    assert_fingerprint,
+    resolve_cert_reqs,
+    resolve_ssl_version,
+    ssl_wrap_socket,
+)
+from .timeout import Timeout, current_time
+from .url import Url, get_host, parse_url, split_first
+from .wait import wait_for_read, wait_for_write
+
+__all__ = (
+    "HAS_SNI",
+    "IS_PYOPENSSL",
+    "IS_SECURETRANSPORT",
+    "SSLContext",
+    "PROTOCOL_TLS",
+    "ALPN_PROTOCOLS",
+    "Retry",
+    "Timeout",
+    "Url",
+    "assert_fingerprint",
+    "current_time",
+    "is_connection_dropped",
+    "is_fp_closed",
+    "get_host",
+    "parse_url",
+    "make_headers",
+    "resolve_cert_reqs",
+    "resolve_ssl_version",
+    "split_first",
+    "ssl_wrap_socket",
+    "wait_for_read",
+    "wait_for_write",
+    "SKIP_HEADER",
+    "SKIPPABLE_HEADERS",
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/connection.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6af1138
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import socket
+
+from ..contrib import _appengine_environ
+from ..exceptions import LocationParseError
+from ..packages import six
+from .wait import NoWayToWaitForSocketError, wait_for_read
+
+
+def is_connection_dropped(conn):  # Platform-specific
+    """
+    Returns True if the connection is dropped and should be closed.
+
+    :param conn:
+        :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection` object.
+
+    Note: For platforms like AppEngine, this will always return ``False`` to
+    let the platform handle connection recycling transparently for us.
+    """
+    sock = getattr(conn, "sock", False)
+    if sock is False:  # Platform-specific: AppEngine
+        return False
+    if sock is None:  # Connection already closed (such as by httplib).
+        return True
+    try:
+        # Returns True if readable, which here means it's been dropped
+        return wait_for_read(sock, timeout=0.0)
+    except NoWayToWaitForSocketError:  # Platform-specific: AppEngine
+        return False
+
+
+# This function is copied from socket.py in the Python 2.7 standard
+# library test suite. Added to its signature is only `socket_options`.
+# One additional modification is that we avoid binding to IPv6 servers
+# discovered in DNS if the system doesn't have IPv6 functionality.
+def create_connection(
+    address,
+    timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+    source_address=None,
+    socket_options=None,
+):
+    """Connect to *address* and return the socket object.
+
+    Convenience function.  Connect to *address* (a 2-tuple ``(host,
+    port)``) and return the socket object.  Passing the optional
+    *timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket instance
+    before attempting to connect.  If no *timeout* is supplied, the
+    global default timeout setting returned by :func:`socket.getdefaulttimeout`
+    is used.  If *source_address* is set it must be a tuple of (host, port)
+    for the socket to bind as a source address before making the connection.
+    An host of '' or port 0 tells the OS to use the default.
+    """
+
+    host, port = address
+    if host.startswith("["):
+        host = host.strip("[]")
+    err = None
+
+    # Using the value from allowed_gai_family() in the context of getaddrinfo lets
+    # us select whether to work with IPv4 DNS records, IPv6 records, or both.
+    # The original create_connection function always returns all records.
+    family = allowed_gai_family()
+
+    try:
+        host.encode("idna")
+    except UnicodeError:
+        return six.raise_from(
+            LocationParseError(u"'%s', label empty or too long" % host), None
+        )
+
+    for res in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, family, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
+        af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
+        sock = None
+        try:
+            sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
+
+            # If provided, set socket level options before connecting.
+            _set_socket_options(sock, socket_options)
+
+            if timeout is not socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+                sock.settimeout(timeout)
+            if source_address:
+                sock.bind(source_address)
+            sock.connect(sa)
+            return sock
+
+        except socket.error as e:
+            err = e
+            if sock is not None:
+                sock.close()
+                sock = None
+
+    if err is not None:
+        raise err
+
+    raise socket.error("getaddrinfo returns an empty list")
+
+
+def _set_socket_options(sock, options):
+    if options is None:
+        return
+
+    for opt in options:
+        sock.setsockopt(*opt)
+
+
+def allowed_gai_family():
+    """This function is designed to work in the context of
+    getaddrinfo, where family=socket.AF_UNSPEC is the default and
+    will perform a DNS search for both IPv6 and IPv4 records."""
+
+    family = socket.AF_INET
+    if HAS_IPV6:
+        family = socket.AF_UNSPEC
+    return family
+
+
+def _has_ipv6(host):
+    """Returns True if the system can bind an IPv6 address."""
+    sock = None
+    has_ipv6 = False
+
+    # App Engine doesn't support IPV6 sockets and actually has a quota on the
+    # number of sockets that can be used, so just early out here instead of
+    # creating a socket needlessly.
+    # See https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/1446
+    if _appengine_environ.is_appengine_sandbox():
+        return False
+
+    if socket.has_ipv6:
+        # has_ipv6 returns true if cPython was compiled with IPv6 support.
+        # It does not tell us if the system has IPv6 support enabled. To
+        # determine that we must bind to an IPv6 address.
+        # https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/pull/611
+        # https://bugs.python.org/issue658327
+        try:
+            sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET6)
+            sock.bind((host, 0))
+            has_ipv6 = True
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    if sock:
+        sock.close()
+    return has_ipv6
+
+
+HAS_IPV6 = _has_ipv6("::1")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/proxy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/proxy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2199cc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/proxy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+from .ssl_ import create_urllib3_context, resolve_cert_reqs, resolve_ssl_version
+
+
+def connection_requires_http_tunnel(
+    proxy_url=None, proxy_config=None, destination_scheme=None
+):
+    """
+    Returns True if the connection requires an HTTP CONNECT through the proxy.
+
+    :param URL proxy_url:
+        URL of the proxy.
+    :param ProxyConfig proxy_config:
+        Proxy configuration from poolmanager.py
+    :param str destination_scheme:
+        The scheme of the destination. (i.e https, http, etc)
+    """
+    # If we're not using a proxy, no way to use a tunnel.
+    if proxy_url is None:
+        return False
+
+    # HTTP destinations never require tunneling, we always forward.
+    if destination_scheme == "http":
+        return False
+
+    # Support for forwarding with HTTPS proxies and HTTPS destinations.
+    if (
+        proxy_url.scheme == "https"
+        and proxy_config
+        and proxy_config.use_forwarding_for_https
+    ):
+        return False
+
+    # Otherwise always use a tunnel.
+    return True
+
+
+def create_proxy_ssl_context(
+    ssl_version, cert_reqs, ca_certs=None, ca_cert_dir=None, ca_cert_data=None
+):
+    """
+    Generates a default proxy ssl context if one hasn't been provided by the
+    user.
+    """
+    ssl_context = create_urllib3_context(
+        ssl_version=resolve_ssl_version(ssl_version),
+        cert_reqs=resolve_cert_reqs(cert_reqs),
+    )
+
+    if (
+        not ca_certs
+        and not ca_cert_dir
+        and not ca_cert_data
+        and hasattr(ssl_context, "load_default_certs")
+    ):
+        ssl_context.load_default_certs()
+
+    return ssl_context
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/queue.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/queue.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4178410
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/queue.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import collections
+
+from ..packages import six
+from ..packages.six.moves import queue
+
+if six.PY2:
+    # Queue is imported for side effects on MS Windows. See issue #229.
+    import Queue as _unused_module_Queue  # noqa: F401
+
+
+class LifoQueue(queue.Queue):
+    def _init(self, _):
+        self.queue = collections.deque()
+
+    def _qsize(self, len=len):
+        return len(self.queue)
+
+    def _put(self, item):
+        self.queue.append(item)
+
+    def _get(self):
+        return self.queue.pop()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/request.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2510338
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from base64 import b64encode
+
+from ..exceptions import UnrewindableBodyError
+from ..packages.six import b, integer_types
+
+# Pass as a value within ``headers`` to skip
+# emitting some HTTP headers that are added automatically.
+# The only headers that are supported are ``Accept-Encoding``,
+# ``Host``, and ``User-Agent``.
+SKIP_HEADER = "@@@SKIP_HEADER@@@"
+SKIPPABLE_HEADERS = frozenset(["accept-encoding", "host", "user-agent"])
+
+ACCEPT_ENCODING = "gzip,deflate"
+try:
+    import brotli as _unused_module_brotli  # noqa: F401
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    ACCEPT_ENCODING += ",br"
+
+_FAILEDTELL = object()
+
+
+def make_headers(
+    keep_alive=None,
+    accept_encoding=None,
+    user_agent=None,
+    basic_auth=None,
+    proxy_basic_auth=None,
+    disable_cache=None,
+):
+    """
+    Shortcuts for generating request headers.
+
+    :param keep_alive:
+        If ``True``, adds 'connection: keep-alive' header.
+
+    :param accept_encoding:
+        Can be a boolean, list, or string.
+        ``True`` translates to 'gzip,deflate'.
+        List will get joined by comma.
+        String will be used as provided.
+
+    :param user_agent:
+        String representing the user-agent you want, such as
+        "python-urllib3/0.6"
+
+    :param basic_auth:
+        Colon-separated username:password string for 'authorization: basic ...'
+        auth header.
+
+    :param proxy_basic_auth:
+        Colon-separated username:password string for 'proxy-authorization: basic ...'
+        auth header.
+
+    :param disable_cache:
+        If ``True``, adds 'cache-control: no-cache' header.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> make_headers(keep_alive=True, user_agent="Batman/1.0")
+        {'connection': 'keep-alive', 'user-agent': 'Batman/1.0'}
+        >>> make_headers(accept_encoding=True)
+        {'accept-encoding': 'gzip,deflate'}
+    """
+    headers = {}
+    if accept_encoding:
+        if isinstance(accept_encoding, str):
+            pass
+        elif isinstance(accept_encoding, list):
+            accept_encoding = ",".join(accept_encoding)
+        else:
+            accept_encoding = ACCEPT_ENCODING
+        headers["accept-encoding"] = accept_encoding
+
+    if user_agent:
+        headers["user-agent"] = user_agent
+
+    if keep_alive:
+        headers["connection"] = "keep-alive"
+
+    if basic_auth:
+        headers["authorization"] = "Basic " + b64encode(b(basic_auth)).decode("utf-8")
+
+    if proxy_basic_auth:
+        headers["proxy-authorization"] = "Basic " + b64encode(
+            b(proxy_basic_auth)
+        ).decode("utf-8")
+
+    if disable_cache:
+        headers["cache-control"] = "no-cache"
+
+    return headers
+
+
+def set_file_position(body, pos):
+    """
+    If a position is provided, move file to that point.
+    Otherwise, we'll attempt to record a position for future use.
+    """
+    if pos is not None:
+        rewind_body(body, pos)
+    elif getattr(body, "tell", None) is not None:
+        try:
+            pos = body.tell()
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            # This differentiates from None, allowing us to catch
+            # a failed `tell()` later when trying to rewind the body.
+            pos = _FAILEDTELL
+
+    return pos
+
+
+def rewind_body(body, body_pos):
+    """
+    Attempt to rewind body to a certain position.
+    Primarily used for request redirects and retries.
+
+    :param body:
+        File-like object that supports seek.
+
+    :param int pos:
+        Position to seek to in file.
+    """
+    body_seek = getattr(body, "seek", None)
+    if body_seek is not None and isinstance(body_pos, integer_types):
+        try:
+            body_seek(body_pos)
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            raise UnrewindableBodyError(
+                "An error occurred when rewinding request body for redirect/retry."
+            )
+    elif body_pos is _FAILEDTELL:
+        raise UnrewindableBodyError(
+            "Unable to record file position for rewinding "
+            "request body during a redirect/retry."
+        )
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "body_pos must be of type integer, instead it was %s." % type(body_pos)
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/response.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/response.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ea609c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/response.py
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from email.errors import MultipartInvariantViolationDefect, StartBoundaryNotFoundDefect
+
+from ..exceptions import HeaderParsingError
+from ..packages.six.moves import http_client as httplib
+
+
+def is_fp_closed(obj):
+    """
+    Checks whether a given file-like object is closed.
+
+    :param obj:
+        The file-like object to check.
+    """
+
+    try:
+        # Check `isclosed()` first, in case Python3 doesn't set `closed`.
+        # GH Issue #928
+        return obj.isclosed()
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        # Check via the official file-like-object way.
+        return obj.closed
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        # Check if the object is a container for another file-like object that
+        # gets released on exhaustion (e.g. HTTPResponse).
+        return obj.fp is None
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+
+    raise ValueError("Unable to determine whether fp is closed.")
+
+
+def assert_header_parsing(headers):
+    """
+    Asserts whether all headers have been successfully parsed.
+    Extracts encountered errors from the result of parsing headers.
+
+    Only works on Python 3.
+
+    :param http.client.HTTPMessage headers: Headers to verify.
+
+    :raises urllib3.exceptions.HeaderParsingError:
+        If parsing errors are found.
+    """
+
+    # This will fail silently if we pass in the wrong kind of parameter.
+    # To make debugging easier add an explicit check.
+    if not isinstance(headers, httplib.HTTPMessage):
+        raise TypeError("expected httplib.Message, got {0}.".format(type(headers)))
+
+    defects = getattr(headers, "defects", None)
+    get_payload = getattr(headers, "get_payload", None)
+
+    unparsed_data = None
+    if get_payload:
+        # get_payload is actually email.message.Message.get_payload;
+        # we're only interested in the result if it's not a multipart message
+        if not headers.is_multipart():
+            payload = get_payload()
+
+            if isinstance(payload, (bytes, str)):
+                unparsed_data = payload
+    if defects:
+        # httplib is assuming a response body is available
+        # when parsing headers even when httplib only sends
+        # header data to parse_headers() This results in
+        # defects on multipart responses in particular.
+        # See: https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/800
+
+        # So we ignore the following defects:
+        # - StartBoundaryNotFoundDefect:
+        #     The claimed start boundary was never found.
+        # - MultipartInvariantViolationDefect:
+        #     A message claimed to be a multipart but no subparts were found.
+        defects = [
+            defect
+            for defect in defects
+            if not isinstance(
+                defect, (StartBoundaryNotFoundDefect, MultipartInvariantViolationDefect)
+            )
+        ]
+
+    if defects or unparsed_data:
+        raise HeaderParsingError(defects=defects, unparsed_data=unparsed_data)
+
+
+def is_response_to_head(response):
+    """
+    Checks whether the request of a response has been a HEAD-request.
+    Handles the quirks of AppEngine.
+
+    :param http.client.HTTPResponse response:
+        Response to check if the originating request
+        used 'HEAD' as a method.
+    """
+    # FIXME: Can we do this somehow without accessing private httplib _method?
+    method = response._method
+    if isinstance(method, int):  # Platform-specific: Appengine
+        return method == 3
+    return method.upper() == "HEAD"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/retry.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/retry.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3398323
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/retry.py
@@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import email
+import logging
+import re
+import time
+import warnings
+from collections import namedtuple
+from itertools import takewhile
+
+from ..exceptions import (
+    ConnectTimeoutError,
+    InvalidHeader,
+    MaxRetryError,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ProxyError,
+    ReadTimeoutError,
+    ResponseError,
+)
+from ..packages import six
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# Data structure for representing the metadata of requests that result in a retry.
+RequestHistory = namedtuple(
+    "RequestHistory", ["method", "url", "error", "status", "redirect_location"]
+)
+
+
+# TODO: In v2 we can remove this sentinel and metaclass with deprecated options.
+_Default = object()
+
+
+class _RetryMeta(type):
+    @property
+    def DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST(cls):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return cls.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS
+
+    @DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST.setter
+    def DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST(cls, value):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        cls.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS = value
+
+    @property
+    def DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST(cls):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return cls.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT
+
+    @DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST.setter
+    def DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST(cls, value):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        cls.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT = value
+
+    @property
+    def BACKOFF_MAX(cls):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.BACKOFF_MAX' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return cls.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX
+
+    @BACKOFF_MAX.setter
+    def BACKOFF_MAX(cls, value):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.BACKOFF_MAX' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        cls.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX = value
+
+
+@six.add_metaclass(_RetryMeta)
+class Retry(object):
+    """Retry configuration.
+
+    Each retry attempt will create a new Retry object with updated values, so
+    they can be safely reused.
+
+    Retries can be defined as a default for a pool::
+
+        retries = Retry(connect=5, read=2, redirect=5)
+        http = PoolManager(retries=retries)
+        response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/')
+
+    Or per-request (which overrides the default for the pool)::
+
+        response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/', retries=Retry(10))
+
+    Retries can be disabled by passing ``False``::
+
+        response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/', retries=False)
+
+    Errors will be wrapped in :class:`~urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError` unless
+    retries are disabled, in which case the causing exception will be raised.
+
+    :param int total:
+        Total number of retries to allow. Takes precedence over other counts.
+
+        Set to ``None`` to remove this constraint and fall back on other
+        counts.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry.
+
+        Set to ``False`` to disable and imply ``raise_on_redirect=False``.
+
+    :param int connect:
+        How many connection-related errors to retry on.
+
+        These are errors raised before the request is sent to the remote server,
+        which we assume has not triggered the server to process the request.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+    :param int read:
+        How many times to retry on read errors.
+
+        These errors are raised after the request was sent to the server, so the
+        request may have side-effects.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+    :param int redirect:
+        How many redirects to perform. Limit this to avoid infinite redirect
+        loops.
+
+        A redirect is a HTTP response with a status code 301, 302, 303, 307 or
+        308.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+        Set to ``False`` to disable and imply ``raise_on_redirect=False``.
+
+    :param int status:
+        How many times to retry on bad status codes.
+
+        These are retries made on responses, where status code matches
+        ``status_forcelist``.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+    :param int other:
+        How many times to retry on other errors.
+
+        Other errors are errors that are not connect, read, redirect or status errors.
+        These errors might be raised after the request was sent to the server, so the
+        request might have side-effects.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+        If ``total`` is not set, it's a good idea to set this to 0 to account
+        for unexpected edge cases and avoid infinite retry loops.
+
+    :param iterable allowed_methods:
+        Set of uppercased HTTP method verbs that we should retry on.
+
+        By default, we only retry on methods which are considered to be
+        idempotent (multiple requests with the same parameters end with the
+        same state). See :attr:`Retry.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS`.
+
+        Set to a ``False`` value to retry on any verb.
+
+        .. warning::
+
+            Previously this parameter was named ``method_whitelist``, that
+            usage is deprecated in v1.26.0 and will be removed in v2.0.
+
+    :param iterable status_forcelist:
+        A set of integer HTTP status codes that we should force a retry on.
+        A retry is initiated if the request method is in ``allowed_methods``
+        and the response status code is in ``status_forcelist``.
+
+        By default, this is disabled with ``None``.
+
+    :param float backoff_factor:
+        A backoff factor to apply between attempts after the second try
+        (most errors are resolved immediately by a second try without a
+        delay). urllib3 will sleep for::
+
+            {backoff factor} * (2 ** ({number of total retries} - 1))
+
+        seconds. If the backoff_factor is 0.1, then :func:`.sleep` will sleep
+        for [0.0s, 0.2s, 0.4s, ...] between retries. It will never be longer
+        than :attr:`Retry.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX`.
+
+        By default, backoff is disabled (set to 0).
+
+    :param bool raise_on_redirect: Whether, if the number of redirects is
+        exhausted, to raise a MaxRetryError, or to return a response with a
+        response code in the 3xx range.
+
+    :param bool raise_on_status: Similar meaning to ``raise_on_redirect``:
+        whether we should raise an exception, or return a response,
+        if status falls in ``status_forcelist`` range and retries have
+        been exhausted.
+
+    :param tuple history: The history of the request encountered during
+        each call to :meth:`~Retry.increment`. The list is in the order
+        the requests occurred. Each list item is of class :class:`RequestHistory`.
+
+    :param bool respect_retry_after_header:
+        Whether to respect Retry-After header on status codes defined as
+        :attr:`Retry.RETRY_AFTER_STATUS_CODES` or not.
+
+    :param iterable remove_headers_on_redirect:
+        Sequence of headers to remove from the request when a response
+        indicating a redirect is returned before firing off the redirected
+        request.
+    """
+
+    #: Default methods to be used for ``allowed_methods``
+    DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS = frozenset(
+        ["HEAD", "GET", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS", "TRACE"]
+    )
+
+    #: Default status codes to be used for ``status_forcelist``
+    RETRY_AFTER_STATUS_CODES = frozenset([413, 429, 503])
+
+    #: Default headers to be used for ``remove_headers_on_redirect``
+    DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT = frozenset(["Authorization"])
+
+    #: Maximum backoff time.
+    DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX = 120
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        total=10,
+        connect=None,
+        read=None,
+        redirect=None,
+        status=None,
+        other=None,
+        allowed_methods=_Default,
+        status_forcelist=None,
+        backoff_factor=0,
+        raise_on_redirect=True,
+        raise_on_status=True,
+        history=None,
+        respect_retry_after_header=True,
+        remove_headers_on_redirect=_Default,
+        # TODO: Deprecated, remove in v2.0
+        method_whitelist=_Default,
+    ):
+
+        if method_whitelist is not _Default:
+            if allowed_methods is not _Default:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Using both 'allowed_methods' and "
+                    "'method_whitelist' together is not allowed. "
+                    "Instead only use 'allowed_methods'"
+                )
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Using 'method_whitelist' with Retry is deprecated and "
+                "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'allowed_methods' instead",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            allowed_methods = method_whitelist
+        if allowed_methods is _Default:
+            allowed_methods = self.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS
+        if remove_headers_on_redirect is _Default:
+            remove_headers_on_redirect = self.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT
+
+        self.total = total
+        self.connect = connect
+        self.read = read
+        self.status = status
+        self.other = other
+
+        if redirect is False or total is False:
+            redirect = 0
+            raise_on_redirect = False
+
+        self.redirect = redirect
+        self.status_forcelist = status_forcelist or set()
+        self.allowed_methods = allowed_methods
+        self.backoff_factor = backoff_factor
+        self.raise_on_redirect = raise_on_redirect
+        self.raise_on_status = raise_on_status
+        self.history = history or tuple()
+        self.respect_retry_after_header = respect_retry_after_header
+        self.remove_headers_on_redirect = frozenset(
+            [h.lower() for h in remove_headers_on_redirect]
+        )
+
+    def new(self, **kw):
+        params = dict(
+            total=self.total,
+            connect=self.connect,
+            read=self.read,
+            redirect=self.redirect,
+            status=self.status,
+            other=self.other,
+            status_forcelist=self.status_forcelist,
+            backoff_factor=self.backoff_factor,
+            raise_on_redirect=self.raise_on_redirect,
+            raise_on_status=self.raise_on_status,
+            history=self.history,
+            remove_headers_on_redirect=self.remove_headers_on_redirect,
+            respect_retry_after_header=self.respect_retry_after_header,
+        )
+
+        # TODO: If already given in **kw we use what's given to us
+        # If not given we need to figure out what to pass. We decide
+        # based on whether our class has the 'method_whitelist' property
+        # and if so we pass the deprecated 'method_whitelist' otherwise
+        # we use 'allowed_methods'. Remove in v2.0
+        if "method_whitelist" not in kw and "allowed_methods" not in kw:
+            if "method_whitelist" in self.__dict__:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "Using 'method_whitelist' with Retry is deprecated and "
+                    "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'allowed_methods' instead",
+                    DeprecationWarning,
+                )
+                params["method_whitelist"] = self.allowed_methods
+            else:
+                params["allowed_methods"] = self.allowed_methods
+
+        params.update(kw)
+        return type(self)(**params)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_int(cls, retries, redirect=True, default=None):
+        """Backwards-compatibility for the old retries format."""
+        if retries is None:
+            retries = default if default is not None else cls.DEFAULT
+
+        if isinstance(retries, Retry):
+            return retries
+
+        redirect = bool(redirect) and None
+        new_retries = cls(retries, redirect=redirect)
+        log.debug("Converted retries value: %r -> %r", retries, new_retries)
+        return new_retries
+
+    def get_backoff_time(self):
+        """Formula for computing the current backoff
+
+        :rtype: float
+        """
+        # We want to consider only the last consecutive errors sequence (Ignore redirects).
+        consecutive_errors_len = len(
+            list(
+                takewhile(lambda x: x.redirect_location is None, reversed(self.history))
+            )
+        )
+        if consecutive_errors_len <= 1:
+            return 0
+
+        backoff_value = self.backoff_factor * (2 ** (consecutive_errors_len - 1))
+        return min(self.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX, backoff_value)
+
+    def parse_retry_after(self, retry_after):
+        # Whitespace: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2.4
+        if re.match(r"^\s*[0-9]+\s*$", retry_after):
+            seconds = int(retry_after)
+        else:
+            retry_date_tuple = email.utils.parsedate_tz(retry_after)
+            if retry_date_tuple is None:
+                raise InvalidHeader("Invalid Retry-After header: %s" % retry_after)
+            if retry_date_tuple[9] is None:  # Python 2
+                # Assume UTC if no timezone was specified
+                # On Python2.7, parsedate_tz returns None for a timezone offset
+                # instead of 0 if no timezone is given, where mktime_tz treats
+                # a None timezone offset as local time.
+                retry_date_tuple = retry_date_tuple[:9] + (0,) + retry_date_tuple[10:]
+
+            retry_date = email.utils.mktime_tz(retry_date_tuple)
+            seconds = retry_date - time.time()
+
+        if seconds < 0:
+            seconds = 0
+
+        return seconds
+
+    def get_retry_after(self, response):
+        """Get the value of Retry-After in seconds."""
+
+        retry_after = response.getheader("Retry-After")
+
+        if retry_after is None:
+            return None
+
+        return self.parse_retry_after(retry_after)
+
+    def sleep_for_retry(self, response=None):
+        retry_after = self.get_retry_after(response)
+        if retry_after:
+            time.sleep(retry_after)
+            return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def _sleep_backoff(self):
+        backoff = self.get_backoff_time()
+        if backoff <= 0:
+            return
+        time.sleep(backoff)
+
+    def sleep(self, response=None):
+        """Sleep between retry attempts.
+
+        This method will respect a server's ``Retry-After`` response header
+        and sleep the duration of the time requested. If that is not present, it
+        will use an exponential backoff. By default, the backoff factor is 0 and
+        this method will return immediately.
+        """
+
+        if self.respect_retry_after_header and response:
+            slept = self.sleep_for_retry(response)
+            if slept:
+                return
+
+        self._sleep_backoff()
+
+    def _is_connection_error(self, err):
+        """Errors when we're fairly sure that the server did not receive the
+        request, so it should be safe to retry.
+        """
+        if isinstance(err, ProxyError):
+            err = err.original_error
+        return isinstance(err, ConnectTimeoutError)
+
+    def _is_read_error(self, err):
+        """Errors that occur after the request has been started, so we should
+        assume that the server began processing it.
+        """
+        return isinstance(err, (ReadTimeoutError, ProtocolError))
+
+    def _is_method_retryable(self, method):
+        """Checks if a given HTTP method should be retried upon, depending if
+        it is included in the allowed_methods
+        """
+        # TODO: For now favor if the Retry implementation sets its own method_whitelist
+        # property outside of our constructor to avoid breaking custom implementations.
+        if "method_whitelist" in self.__dict__:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Using 'method_whitelist' with Retry is deprecated and "
+                "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'allowed_methods' instead",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            allowed_methods = self.method_whitelist
+        else:
+            allowed_methods = self.allowed_methods
+
+        if allowed_methods and method.upper() not in allowed_methods:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def is_retry(self, method, status_code, has_retry_after=False):
+        """Is this method/status code retryable? (Based on allowlists and control
+        variables such as the number of total retries to allow, whether to
+        respect the Retry-After header, whether this header is present, and
+        whether the returned status code is on the list of status codes to
+        be retried upon on the presence of the aforementioned header)
+        """
+        if not self._is_method_retryable(method):
+            return False
+
+        if self.status_forcelist and status_code in self.status_forcelist:
+            return True
+
+        return (
+            self.total
+            and self.respect_retry_after_header
+            and has_retry_after
+            and (status_code in self.RETRY_AFTER_STATUS_CODES)
+        )
+
+    def is_exhausted(self):
+        """Are we out of retries?"""
+        retry_counts = (
+            self.total,
+            self.connect,
+            self.read,
+            self.redirect,
+            self.status,
+            self.other,
+        )
+        retry_counts = list(filter(None, retry_counts))
+        if not retry_counts:
+            return False
+
+        return min(retry_counts) < 0
+
+    def increment(
+        self,
+        method=None,
+        url=None,
+        response=None,
+        error=None,
+        _pool=None,
+        _stacktrace=None,
+    ):
+        """Return a new Retry object with incremented retry counters.
+
+        :param response: A response object, or None, if the server did not
+            return a response.
+        :type response: :class:`~urllib3.response.HTTPResponse`
+        :param Exception error: An error encountered during the request, or
+            None if the response was received successfully.
+
+        :return: A new ``Retry`` object.
+        """
+        if self.total is False and error:
+            # Disabled, indicate to re-raise the error.
+            raise six.reraise(type(error), error, _stacktrace)
+
+        total = self.total
+        if total is not None:
+            total -= 1
+
+        connect = self.connect
+        read = self.read
+        redirect = self.redirect
+        status_count = self.status
+        other = self.other
+        cause = "unknown"
+        status = None
+        redirect_location = None
+
+        if error and self._is_connection_error(error):
+            # Connect retry?
+            if connect is False:
+                raise six.reraise(type(error), error, _stacktrace)
+            elif connect is not None:
+                connect -= 1
+
+        elif error and self._is_read_error(error):
+            # Read retry?
+            if read is False or not self._is_method_retryable(method):
+                raise six.reraise(type(error), error, _stacktrace)
+            elif read is not None:
+                read -= 1
+
+        elif error:
+            # Other retry?
+            if other is not None:
+                other -= 1
+
+        elif response and response.get_redirect_location():
+            # Redirect retry?
+            if redirect is not None:
+                redirect -= 1
+            cause = "too many redirects"
+            redirect_location = response.get_redirect_location()
+            status = response.status
+
+        else:
+            # Incrementing because of a server error like a 500 in
+            # status_forcelist and the given method is in the allowed_methods
+            cause = ResponseError.GENERIC_ERROR
+            if response and response.status:
+                if status_count is not None:
+                    status_count -= 1
+                cause = ResponseError.SPECIFIC_ERROR.format(status_code=response.status)
+                status = response.status
+
+        history = self.history + (
+            RequestHistory(method, url, error, status, redirect_location),
+        )
+
+        new_retry = self.new(
+            total=total,
+            connect=connect,
+            read=read,
+            redirect=redirect,
+            status=status_count,
+            other=other,
+            history=history,
+        )
+
+        if new_retry.is_exhausted():
+            raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
+
+        log.debug("Incremented Retry for (url='%s'): %r", url, new_retry)
+
+        return new_retry
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return (
+            "{cls.__name__}(total={self.total}, connect={self.connect}, "
+            "read={self.read}, redirect={self.redirect}, status={self.status})"
+        ).format(cls=type(self), self=self)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, item):
+        if item == "method_whitelist":
+            # TODO: Remove this deprecated alias in v2.0
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Using 'method_whitelist' with Retry is deprecated and "
+                "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'allowed_methods' instead",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            return self.allowed_methods
+        try:
+            return getattr(super(Retry, self), item)
+        except AttributeError:
+            return getattr(Retry, item)
+
+
+# For backwards compatibility (equivalent to pre-v1.9):
+Retry.DEFAULT = Retry(3)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssl_.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssl_.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b45d39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssl_.py
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import hmac
+import os
+import sys
+import warnings
+from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify
+from hashlib import md5, sha1, sha256
+
+from ..exceptions import (
+    InsecurePlatformWarning,
+    ProxySchemeUnsupported,
+    SNIMissingWarning,
+    SSLError,
+)
+from ..packages import six
+from .url import BRACELESS_IPV6_ADDRZ_RE, IPV4_RE
+
+SSLContext = None
+SSLTransport = None
+HAS_SNI = False
+IS_PYOPENSSL = False
+IS_SECURETRANSPORT = False
+ALPN_PROTOCOLS = ["http/1.1"]
+
+# Maps the length of a digest to a possible hash function producing this digest
+HASHFUNC_MAP = {32: md5, 40: sha1, 64: sha256}
+
+
+def _const_compare_digest_backport(a, b):
+    """
+    Compare two digests of equal length in constant time.
+
+    The digests must be of type str/bytes.
+    Returns True if the digests match, and False otherwise.
+    """
+    result = abs(len(a) - len(b))
+    for left, right in zip(bytearray(a), bytearray(b)):
+        result |= left ^ right
+    return result == 0
+
+
+_const_compare_digest = getattr(hmac, "compare_digest", _const_compare_digest_backport)
+
+try:  # Test for SSL features
+    import ssl
+    from ssl import CERT_REQUIRED, wrap_socket
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+try:
+    from ssl import HAS_SNI  # Has SNI?
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+try:
+    from .ssltransport import SSLTransport
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+
+try:  # Platform-specific: Python 3.6
+    from ssl import PROTOCOL_TLS
+
+    PROTOCOL_SSLv23 = PROTOCOL_TLS
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from ssl import PROTOCOL_SSLv23 as PROTOCOL_TLS
+
+        PROTOCOL_SSLv23 = PROTOCOL_TLS
+    except ImportError:
+        PROTOCOL_SSLv23 = PROTOCOL_TLS = 2
+
+try:
+    from ssl import PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
+except ImportError:
+    PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT = PROTOCOL_TLS
+
+
+try:
+    from ssl import OP_NO_COMPRESSION, OP_NO_SSLv2, OP_NO_SSLv3
+except ImportError:
+    OP_NO_SSLv2, OP_NO_SSLv3 = 0x1000000, 0x2000000
+    OP_NO_COMPRESSION = 0x20000
+
+
+try:  # OP_NO_TICKET was added in Python 3.6
+    from ssl import OP_NO_TICKET
+except ImportError:
+    OP_NO_TICKET = 0x4000
+
+
+# A secure default.
+# Sources for more information on TLS ciphers:
+#
+# - https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Server_Side_TLS
+# - https://www.ssllabs.com/projects/best-practices/index.html
+# - https://hynek.me/articles/hardening-your-web-servers-ssl-ciphers/
+#
+# The general intent is:
+# - prefer cipher suites that offer perfect forward secrecy (DHE/ECDHE),
+# - prefer ECDHE over DHE for better performance,
+# - prefer any AES-GCM and ChaCha20 over any AES-CBC for better performance and
+#   security,
+# - prefer AES-GCM over ChaCha20 because hardware-accelerated AES is common,
+# - disable NULL authentication, MD5 MACs, DSS, and other
+#   insecure ciphers for security reasons.
+# - NOTE: TLS 1.3 cipher suites are managed through a different interface
+#   not exposed by CPython (yet!) and are enabled by default if they're available.
+DEFAULT_CIPHERS = ":".join(
+    [
+        "ECDHE+AESGCM",
+        "ECDHE+CHACHA20",
+        "DHE+AESGCM",
+        "DHE+CHACHA20",
+        "ECDH+AESGCM",
+        "DH+AESGCM",
+        "ECDH+AES",
+        "DH+AES",
+        "RSA+AESGCM",
+        "RSA+AES",
+        "!aNULL",
+        "!eNULL",
+        "!MD5",
+        "!DSS",
+    ]
+)
+
+try:
+    from ssl import SSLContext  # Modern SSL?
+except ImportError:
+
+    class SSLContext(object):  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+        def __init__(self, protocol_version):
+            self.protocol = protocol_version
+            # Use default values from a real SSLContext
+            self.check_hostname = False
+            self.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
+            self.ca_certs = None
+            self.options = 0
+            self.certfile = None
+            self.keyfile = None
+            self.ciphers = None
+
+        def load_cert_chain(self, certfile, keyfile):
+            self.certfile = certfile
+            self.keyfile = keyfile
+
+        def load_verify_locations(self, cafile=None, capath=None, cadata=None):
+            self.ca_certs = cafile
+
+            if capath is not None:
+                raise SSLError("CA directories not supported in older Pythons")
+
+            if cadata is not None:
+                raise SSLError("CA data not supported in older Pythons")
+
+        def set_ciphers(self, cipher_suite):
+            self.ciphers = cipher_suite
+
+        def wrap_socket(self, socket, server_hostname=None, server_side=False):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents "
+                "urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause "
+                "certain SSL connections to fail. You can upgrade to a newer "
+                "version of Python to solve this. For more information, see "
+                "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+                "#ssl-warnings",
+                InsecurePlatformWarning,
+            )
+            kwargs = {
+                "keyfile": self.keyfile,
+                "certfile": self.certfile,
+                "ca_certs": self.ca_certs,
+                "cert_reqs": self.verify_mode,
+                "ssl_version": self.protocol,
+                "server_side": server_side,
+            }
+            return wrap_socket(socket, ciphers=self.ciphers, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assert_fingerprint(cert, fingerprint):
+    """
+    Checks if given fingerprint matches the supplied certificate.
+
+    :param cert:
+        Certificate as bytes object.
+    :param fingerprint:
+        Fingerprint as string of hexdigits, can be interspersed by colons.
+    """
+
+    fingerprint = fingerprint.replace(":", "").lower()
+    digest_length = len(fingerprint)
+    hashfunc = HASHFUNC_MAP.get(digest_length)
+    if not hashfunc:
+        raise SSLError("Fingerprint of invalid length: {0}".format(fingerprint))
+
+    # We need encode() here for py32; works on py2 and p33.
+    fingerprint_bytes = unhexlify(fingerprint.encode())
+
+    cert_digest = hashfunc(cert).digest()
+
+    if not _const_compare_digest(cert_digest, fingerprint_bytes):
+        raise SSLError(
+            'Fingerprints did not match. Expected "{0}", got "{1}".'.format(
+                fingerprint, hexlify(cert_digest)
+            )
+        )
+
+
+def resolve_cert_reqs(candidate):
+    """
+    Resolves the argument to a numeric constant, which can be passed to
+    the wrap_socket function/method from the ssl module.
+    Defaults to :data:`ssl.CERT_REQUIRED`.
+    If given a string it is assumed to be the name of the constant in the
+    :mod:`ssl` module or its abbreviation.
+    (So you can specify `REQUIRED` instead of `CERT_REQUIRED`.
+    If it's neither `None` nor a string we assume it is already the numeric
+    constant which can directly be passed to wrap_socket.
+    """
+    if candidate is None:
+        return CERT_REQUIRED
+
+    if isinstance(candidate, str):
+        res = getattr(ssl, candidate, None)
+        if res is None:
+            res = getattr(ssl, "CERT_" + candidate)
+        return res
+
+    return candidate
+
+
+def resolve_ssl_version(candidate):
+    """
+    like resolve_cert_reqs
+    """
+    if candidate is None:
+        return PROTOCOL_TLS
+
+    if isinstance(candidate, str):
+        res = getattr(ssl, candidate, None)
+        if res is None:
+            res = getattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_" + candidate)
+        return res
+
+    return candidate
+
+
+def create_urllib3_context(
+    ssl_version=None, cert_reqs=None, options=None, ciphers=None
+):
+    """All arguments have the same meaning as ``ssl_wrap_socket``.
+
+    By default, this function does a lot of the same work that
+    ``ssl.create_default_context`` does on Python 3.4+. It:
+
+    - Disables SSLv2, SSLv3, and compression
+    - Sets a restricted set of server ciphers
+
+    If you wish to enable SSLv3, you can do::
+
+        from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import ssl_
+        context = ssl_.create_urllib3_context()
+        context.options &= ~ssl_.OP_NO_SSLv3
+
+    You can do the same to enable compression (substituting ``COMPRESSION``
+    for ``SSLv3`` in the last line above).
+
+    :param ssl_version:
+        The desired protocol version to use. This will default to
+        PROTOCOL_SSLv23 which will negotiate the highest protocol that both
+        the server and your installation of OpenSSL support.
+    :param cert_reqs:
+        Whether to require the certificate verification. This defaults to
+        ``ssl.CERT_REQUIRED``.
+    :param options:
+        Specific OpenSSL options. These default to ``ssl.OP_NO_SSLv2``,
+        ``ssl.OP_NO_SSLv3``, ``ssl.OP_NO_COMPRESSION``, and ``ssl.OP_NO_TICKET``.
+    :param ciphers:
+        Which cipher suites to allow the server to select.
+    :returns:
+        Constructed SSLContext object with specified options
+    :rtype: SSLContext
+    """
+    # PROTOCOL_TLS is deprecated in Python 3.10
+    if not ssl_version or ssl_version == PROTOCOL_TLS:
+        ssl_version = PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
+
+    context = SSLContext(ssl_version)
+
+    context.set_ciphers(ciphers or DEFAULT_CIPHERS)
+
+    # Setting the default here, as we may have no ssl module on import
+    cert_reqs = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED if cert_reqs is None else cert_reqs
+
+    if options is None:
+        options = 0
+        # SSLv2 is easily broken and is considered harmful and dangerous
+        options |= OP_NO_SSLv2
+        # SSLv3 has several problems and is now dangerous
+        options |= OP_NO_SSLv3
+        # Disable compression to prevent CRIME attacks for OpenSSL 1.0+
+        # (issue #309)
+        options |= OP_NO_COMPRESSION
+        # TLSv1.2 only. Unless set explicitly, do not request tickets.
+        # This may save some bandwidth on wire, and although the ticket is encrypted,
+        # there is a risk associated with it being on wire,
+        # if the server is not rotating its ticketing keys properly.
+        options |= OP_NO_TICKET
+
+    context.options |= options
+
+    # Enable post-handshake authentication for TLS 1.3, see GH #1634. PHA is
+    # necessary for conditional client cert authentication with TLS 1.3.
+    # The attribute is None for OpenSSL <= 1.1.0 or does not exist in older
+    # versions of Python.  We only enable on Python 3.7.4+ or if certificate
+    # verification is enabled to work around Python issue #37428
+    # See: https://bugs.python.org/issue37428
+    if (cert_reqs == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED or sys.version_info >= (3, 7, 4)) and getattr(
+        context, "post_handshake_auth", None
+    ) is not None:
+        context.post_handshake_auth = True
+
+    def disable_check_hostname():
+        if (
+            getattr(context, "check_hostname", None) is not None
+        ):  # Platform-specific: Python 3.2
+            # We do our own verification, including fingerprints and alternative
+            # hostnames. So disable it here
+            context.check_hostname = False
+
+    # The order of the below lines setting verify_mode and check_hostname
+    # matter due to safe-guards SSLContext has to prevent an SSLContext with
+    # check_hostname=True, verify_mode=NONE/OPTIONAL. This is made even more
+    # complex because we don't know whether PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT will be used
+    # or not so we don't know the initial state of the freshly created SSLContext.
+    if cert_reqs == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED:
+        context.verify_mode = cert_reqs
+        disable_check_hostname()
+    else:
+        disable_check_hostname()
+        context.verify_mode = cert_reqs
+
+    # Enable logging of TLS session keys via defacto standard environment variable
+    # 'SSLKEYLOGFILE', if the feature is available (Python 3.8+). Skip empty values.
+    if hasattr(context, "keylog_filename"):
+        sslkeylogfile = os.environ.get("SSLKEYLOGFILE")
+        if sslkeylogfile:
+            context.keylog_filename = sslkeylogfile
+
+    return context
+
+
+def ssl_wrap_socket(
+    sock,
+    keyfile=None,
+    certfile=None,
+    cert_reqs=None,
+    ca_certs=None,
+    server_hostname=None,
+    ssl_version=None,
+    ciphers=None,
+    ssl_context=None,
+    ca_cert_dir=None,
+    key_password=None,
+    ca_cert_data=None,
+    tls_in_tls=False,
+):
+    """
+    All arguments except for server_hostname, ssl_context, and ca_cert_dir have
+    the same meaning as they do when using :func:`ssl.wrap_socket`.
+
+    :param server_hostname:
+        When SNI is supported, the expected hostname of the certificate
+    :param ssl_context:
+        A pre-made :class:`SSLContext` object. If none is provided, one will
+        be created using :func:`create_urllib3_context`.
+    :param ciphers:
+        A string of ciphers we wish the client to support.
+    :param ca_cert_dir:
+        A directory containing CA certificates in multiple separate files, as
+        supported by OpenSSL's -CApath flag or the capath argument to
+        SSLContext.load_verify_locations().
+    :param key_password:
+        Optional password if the keyfile is encrypted.
+    :param ca_cert_data:
+        Optional string containing CA certificates in PEM format suitable for
+        passing as the cadata parameter to SSLContext.load_verify_locations()
+    :param tls_in_tls:
+        Use SSLTransport to wrap the existing socket.
+    """
+    context = ssl_context
+    if context is None:
+        # Note: This branch of code and all the variables in it are no longer
+        # used by urllib3 itself. We should consider deprecating and removing
+        # this code.
+        context = create_urllib3_context(ssl_version, cert_reqs, ciphers=ciphers)
+
+    if ca_certs or ca_cert_dir or ca_cert_data:
+        try:
+            context.load_verify_locations(ca_certs, ca_cert_dir, ca_cert_data)
+        except (IOError, OSError) as e:
+            raise SSLError(e)
+
+    elif ssl_context is None and hasattr(context, "load_default_certs"):
+        # try to load OS default certs; works well on Windows (require Python3.4+)
+        context.load_default_certs()
+
+    # Attempt to detect if we get the goofy behavior of the
+    # keyfile being encrypted and OpenSSL asking for the
+    # passphrase via the terminal and instead error out.
+    if keyfile and key_password is None and _is_key_file_encrypted(keyfile):
+        raise SSLError("Client private key is encrypted, password is required")
+
+    if certfile:
+        if key_password is None:
+            context.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile)
+        else:
+            context.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile, key_password)
+
+    try:
+        if hasattr(context, "set_alpn_protocols"):
+            context.set_alpn_protocols(ALPN_PROTOCOLS)
+    except NotImplementedError:  # Defensive: in CI, we always have set_alpn_protocols
+        pass
+
+    # If we detect server_hostname is an IP address then the SNI
+    # extension should not be used according to RFC3546 Section 3.1
+    use_sni_hostname = server_hostname and not is_ipaddress(server_hostname)
+    # SecureTransport uses server_hostname in certificate verification.
+    send_sni = (use_sni_hostname and HAS_SNI) or (
+        IS_SECURETRANSPORT and server_hostname
+    )
+    # Do not warn the user if server_hostname is an invalid SNI hostname.
+    if not HAS_SNI and use_sni_hostname:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "An HTTPS request has been made, but the SNI (Server Name "
+            "Indication) extension to TLS is not available on this platform. "
+            "This may cause the server to present an incorrect TLS "
+            "certificate, which can cause validation failures. You can upgrade to "
+            "a newer version of Python to solve this. For more information, see "
+            "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+            "#ssl-warnings",
+            SNIMissingWarning,
+        )
+
+    if send_sni:
+        ssl_sock = _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(
+            sock, context, tls_in_tls, server_hostname=server_hostname
+        )
+    else:
+        ssl_sock = _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(sock, context, tls_in_tls)
+    return ssl_sock
+
+
+def is_ipaddress(hostname):
+    """Detects whether the hostname given is an IPv4 or IPv6 address.
+    Also detects IPv6 addresses with Zone IDs.
+
+    :param str hostname: Hostname to examine.
+    :return: True if the hostname is an IP address, False otherwise.
+    """
+    if not six.PY2 and isinstance(hostname, bytes):
+        # IDN A-label bytes are ASCII compatible.
+        hostname = hostname.decode("ascii")
+    return bool(IPV4_RE.match(hostname) or BRACELESS_IPV6_ADDRZ_RE.match(hostname))
+
+
+def _is_key_file_encrypted(key_file):
+    """Detects if a key file is encrypted or not."""
+    with open(key_file, "r") as f:
+        for line in f:
+            # Look for Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED
+            if "ENCRYPTED" in line:
+                return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(sock, ssl_context, tls_in_tls, server_hostname=None):
+    if tls_in_tls:
+        if not SSLTransport:
+            # Import error, ssl is not available.
+            raise ProxySchemeUnsupported(
+                "TLS in TLS requires support for the 'ssl' module"
+            )
+
+        SSLTransport._validate_ssl_context_for_tls_in_tls(ssl_context)
+        return SSLTransport(sock, ssl_context, server_hostname)
+
+    if server_hostname:
+        return ssl_context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
+    else:
+        return ssl_context.wrap_socket(sock)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssl_match_hostname.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssl_match_hostname.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4b4a56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssl_match_hostname.py
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+"""The match_hostname() function from Python 3.3.3, essential when using SSL."""
+
+# Note: This file is under the PSF license as the code comes from the python
+# stdlib.   http://docs.python.org/3/license.html
+
+import re
+import sys
+
+# ipaddress has been backported to 2.6+ in pypi.  If it is installed on the
+# system, use it to handle IPAddress ServerAltnames (this was added in
+# python-3.5) otherwise only do DNS matching.  This allows
+# util.ssl_match_hostname to continue to be used in Python 2.7.
+try:
+    import ipaddress
+except ImportError:
+    ipaddress = None
+
+__version__ = "3.5.0.1"
+
+
+class CertificateError(ValueError):
+    pass
+
+
+def _dnsname_match(dn, hostname, max_wildcards=1):
+    """Matching according to RFC 6125, section 6.4.3
+
+    http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6125#section-6.4.3
+    """
+    pats = []
+    if not dn:
+        return False
+
+    # Ported from python3-syntax:
+    # leftmost, *remainder = dn.split(r'.')
+    parts = dn.split(r".")
+    leftmost = parts[0]
+    remainder = parts[1:]
+
+    wildcards = leftmost.count("*")
+    if wildcards > max_wildcards:
+        # Issue #17980: avoid denials of service by refusing more
+        # than one wildcard per fragment.  A survey of established
+        # policy among SSL implementations showed it to be a
+        # reasonable choice.
+        raise CertificateError(
+            "too many wildcards in certificate DNS name: " + repr(dn)
+        )
+
+    # speed up common case w/o wildcards
+    if not wildcards:
+        return dn.lower() == hostname.lower()
+
+    # RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 1.
+    # The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier in which
+    # the wildcard character comprises a label other than the left-most label.
+    if leftmost == "*":
+        # When '*' is a fragment by itself, it matches a non-empty dotless
+        # fragment.
+        pats.append("[^.]+")
+    elif leftmost.startswith("xn--") or hostname.startswith("xn--"):
+        # RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 3.
+        # The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier
+        # where the wildcard character is embedded within an A-label or
+        # U-label of an internationalized domain name.
+        pats.append(re.escape(leftmost))
+    else:
+        # Otherwise, '*' matches any dotless string, e.g. www*
+        pats.append(re.escape(leftmost).replace(r"\*", "[^.]*"))
+
+    # add the remaining fragments, ignore any wildcards
+    for frag in remainder:
+        pats.append(re.escape(frag))
+
+    pat = re.compile(r"\A" + r"\.".join(pats) + r"\Z", re.IGNORECASE)
+    return pat.match(hostname)
+
+
+def _to_unicode(obj):
+    if isinstance(obj, str) and sys.version_info < (3,):
+        # ignored flake8 # F821 to support python 2.7 function
+        obj = unicode(obj, encoding="ascii", errors="strict")  # noqa: F821
+    return obj
+
+
+def _ipaddress_match(ipname, host_ip):
+    """Exact matching of IP addresses.
+
+    RFC 6125 explicitly doesn't define an algorithm for this
+    (section 1.7.2 - "Out of Scope").
+    """
+    # OpenSSL may add a trailing newline to a subjectAltName's IP address
+    # Divergence from upstream: ipaddress can't handle byte str
+    ip = ipaddress.ip_address(_to_unicode(ipname).rstrip())
+    return ip == host_ip
+
+
+def match_hostname(cert, hostname):
+    """Verify that *cert* (in decoded format as returned by
+    SSLSocket.getpeercert()) matches the *hostname*.  RFC 2818 and RFC 6125
+    rules are followed, but IP addresses are not accepted for *hostname*.
+
+    CertificateError is raised on failure. On success, the function
+    returns nothing.
+    """
+    if not cert:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "empty or no certificate, match_hostname needs a "
+            "SSL socket or SSL context with either "
+            "CERT_OPTIONAL or CERT_REQUIRED"
+        )
+    try:
+        # Divergence from upstream: ipaddress can't handle byte str
+        host_ip = ipaddress.ip_address(_to_unicode(hostname))
+    except ValueError:
+        # Not an IP address (common case)
+        host_ip = None
+    except UnicodeError:
+        # Divergence from upstream: Have to deal with ipaddress not taking
+        # byte strings.  addresses should be all ascii, so we consider it not
+        # an ipaddress in this case
+        host_ip = None
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Divergence from upstream: Make ipaddress library optional
+        if ipaddress is None:
+            host_ip = None
+        else:
+            raise
+    dnsnames = []
+    san = cert.get("subjectAltName", ())
+    for key, value in san:
+        if key == "DNS":
+            if host_ip is None and _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
+                return
+            dnsnames.append(value)
+        elif key == "IP Address":
+            if host_ip is not None and _ipaddress_match(value, host_ip):
+                return
+            dnsnames.append(value)
+    if not dnsnames:
+        # The subject is only checked when there is no dNSName entry
+        # in subjectAltName
+        for sub in cert.get("subject", ()):
+            for key, value in sub:
+                # XXX according to RFC 2818, the most specific Common Name
+                # must be used.
+                if key == "commonName":
+                    if _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
+                        return
+                    dnsnames.append(value)
+    if len(dnsnames) > 1:
+        raise CertificateError(
+            "hostname %r "
+            "doesn't match either of %s" % (hostname, ", ".join(map(repr, dnsnames)))
+        )
+    elif len(dnsnames) == 1:
+        raise CertificateError("hostname %r doesn't match %r" % (hostname, dnsnames[0]))
+    else:
+        raise CertificateError(
+            "no appropriate commonName or subjectAltName fields were found"
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssltransport.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssltransport.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a7105d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/ssltransport.py
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+import io
+import socket
+import ssl
+
+from ..exceptions import ProxySchemeUnsupported
+from ..packages import six
+
+SSL_BLOCKSIZE = 16384
+
+
+class SSLTransport:
+    """
+    The SSLTransport wraps an existing socket and establishes an SSL connection.
+
+    Contrary to Python's implementation of SSLSocket, it allows you to chain
+    multiple TLS connections together. It's particularly useful if you need to
+    implement TLS within TLS.
+
+    The class supports most of the socket API operations.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _validate_ssl_context_for_tls_in_tls(ssl_context):
+        """
+        Raises a ProxySchemeUnsupported if the provided ssl_context can't be used
+        for TLS in TLS.
+
+        The only requirement is that the ssl_context provides the 'wrap_bio'
+        methods.
+        """
+
+        if not hasattr(ssl_context, "wrap_bio"):
+            if six.PY2:
+                raise ProxySchemeUnsupported(
+                    "TLS in TLS requires SSLContext.wrap_bio() which isn't "
+                    "supported on Python 2"
+                )
+            else:
+                raise ProxySchemeUnsupported(
+                    "TLS in TLS requires SSLContext.wrap_bio() which isn't "
+                    "available on non-native SSLContext"
+                )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, socket, ssl_context, server_hostname=None, suppress_ragged_eofs=True
+    ):
+        """
+        Create an SSLTransport around socket using the provided ssl_context.
+        """
+        self.incoming = ssl.MemoryBIO()
+        self.outgoing = ssl.MemoryBIO()
+
+        self.suppress_ragged_eofs = suppress_ragged_eofs
+        self.socket = socket
+
+        self.sslobj = ssl_context.wrap_bio(
+            self.incoming, self.outgoing, server_hostname=server_hostname
+        )
+
+        # Perform initial handshake.
+        self._ssl_io_loop(self.sslobj.do_handshake)
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *_):
+        self.close()
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        return self.socket.fileno()
+
+    def read(self, len=1024, buffer=None):
+        return self._wrap_ssl_read(len, buffer)
+
+    def recv(self, len=1024, flags=0):
+        if flags != 0:
+            raise ValueError("non-zero flags not allowed in calls to recv")
+        return self._wrap_ssl_read(len)
+
+    def recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None, flags=0):
+        if flags != 0:
+            raise ValueError("non-zero flags not allowed in calls to recv_into")
+        if buffer and (nbytes is None):
+            nbytes = len(buffer)
+        elif nbytes is None:
+            nbytes = 1024
+        return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
+
+    def sendall(self, data, flags=0):
+        if flags != 0:
+            raise ValueError("non-zero flags not allowed in calls to sendall")
+        count = 0
+        with memoryview(data) as view, view.cast("B") as byte_view:
+            amount = len(byte_view)
+            while count < amount:
+                v = self.send(byte_view[count:])
+                count += v
+
+    def send(self, data, flags=0):
+        if flags != 0:
+            raise ValueError("non-zero flags not allowed in calls to send")
+        response = self._ssl_io_loop(self.sslobj.write, data)
+        return response
+
+    def makefile(
+        self, mode="r", buffering=None, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None
+    ):
+        """
+        Python's httpclient uses makefile and buffered io when reading HTTP
+        messages and we need to support it.
+
+        This is unfortunately a copy and paste of socket.py makefile with small
+        changes to point to the socket directly.
+        """
+        if not set(mode) <= {"r", "w", "b"}:
+            raise ValueError("invalid mode %r (only r, w, b allowed)" % (mode,))
+
+        writing = "w" in mode
+        reading = "r" in mode or not writing
+        assert reading or writing
+        binary = "b" in mode
+        rawmode = ""
+        if reading:
+            rawmode += "r"
+        if writing:
+            rawmode += "w"
+        raw = socket.SocketIO(self, rawmode)
+        self.socket._io_refs += 1
+        if buffering is None:
+            buffering = -1
+        if buffering < 0:
+            buffering = io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE
+        if buffering == 0:
+            if not binary:
+                raise ValueError("unbuffered streams must be binary")
+            return raw
+        if reading and writing:
+            buffer = io.BufferedRWPair(raw, raw, buffering)
+        elif reading:
+            buffer = io.BufferedReader(raw, buffering)
+        else:
+            assert writing
+            buffer = io.BufferedWriter(raw, buffering)
+        if binary:
+            return buffer
+        text = io.TextIOWrapper(buffer, encoding, errors, newline)
+        text.mode = mode
+        return text
+
+    def unwrap(self):
+        self._ssl_io_loop(self.sslobj.unwrap)
+
+    def close(self):
+        self.socket.close()
+
+    def getpeercert(self, binary_form=False):
+        return self.sslobj.getpeercert(binary_form)
+
+    def version(self):
+        return self.sslobj.version()
+
+    def cipher(self):
+        return self.sslobj.cipher()
+
+    def selected_alpn_protocol(self):
+        return self.sslobj.selected_alpn_protocol()
+
+    def selected_npn_protocol(self):
+        return self.sslobj.selected_npn_protocol()
+
+    def shared_ciphers(self):
+        return self.sslobj.shared_ciphers()
+
+    def compression(self):
+        return self.sslobj.compression()
+
+    def settimeout(self, value):
+        self.socket.settimeout(value)
+
+    def gettimeout(self):
+        return self.socket.gettimeout()
+
+    def _decref_socketios(self):
+        self.socket._decref_socketios()
+
+    def _wrap_ssl_read(self, len, buffer=None):
+        try:
+            return self._ssl_io_loop(self.sslobj.read, len, buffer)
+        except ssl.SSLError as e:
+            if e.errno == ssl.SSL_ERROR_EOF and self.suppress_ragged_eofs:
+                return 0  # eof, return 0.
+            else:
+                raise
+
+    def _ssl_io_loop(self, func, *args):
+        """Performs an I/O loop between incoming/outgoing and the socket."""
+        should_loop = True
+        ret = None
+
+        while should_loop:
+            errno = None
+            try:
+                ret = func(*args)
+            except ssl.SSLError as e:
+                if e.errno not in (ssl.SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ, ssl.SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE):
+                    # WANT_READ, and WANT_WRITE are expected, others are not.
+                    raise e
+                errno = e.errno
+
+            buf = self.outgoing.read()
+            self.socket.sendall(buf)
+
+            if errno is None:
+                should_loop = False
+            elif errno == ssl.SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
+                buf = self.socket.recv(SSL_BLOCKSIZE)
+                if buf:
+                    self.incoming.write(buf)
+                else:
+                    self.incoming.write_eof()
+        return ret
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/timeout.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/timeout.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff69593
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/timeout.py
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import time
+
+# The default socket timeout, used by httplib to indicate that no timeout was
+# specified by the user
+from socket import _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+
+from ..exceptions import TimeoutStateError
+
+# A sentinel value to indicate that no timeout was specified by the user in
+# urllib3
+_Default = object()
+
+
+# Use time.monotonic if available.
+current_time = getattr(time, "monotonic", time.time)
+
+
+class Timeout(object):
+    """Timeout configuration.
+
+    Timeouts can be defined as a default for a pool:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+       timeout = Timeout(connect=2.0, read=7.0)
+       http = PoolManager(timeout=timeout)
+       response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/')
+
+    Or per-request (which overrides the default for the pool):
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+       response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/', timeout=Timeout(10))
+
+    Timeouts can be disabled by setting all the parameters to ``None``:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+       no_timeout = Timeout(connect=None, read=None)
+       response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/, timeout=no_timeout)
+
+
+    :param total:
+        This combines the connect and read timeouts into one; the read timeout
+        will be set to the time leftover from the connect attempt. In the
+        event that both a connect timeout and a total are specified, or a read
+        timeout and a total are specified, the shorter timeout will be applied.
+
+        Defaults to None.
+
+    :type total: int, float, or None
+
+    :param connect:
+        The maximum amount of time (in seconds) to wait for a connection
+        attempt to a server to succeed. Omitting the parameter will default the
+        connect timeout to the system default, probably `the global default
+        timeout in socket.py
+        <http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/603b4d593758/Lib/socket.py#l535>`_.
+        None will set an infinite timeout for connection attempts.
+
+    :type connect: int, float, or None
+
+    :param read:
+        The maximum amount of time (in seconds) to wait between consecutive
+        read operations for a response from the server. Omitting the parameter
+        will default the read timeout to the system default, probably `the
+        global default timeout in socket.py
+        <http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/603b4d593758/Lib/socket.py#l535>`_.
+        None will set an infinite timeout.
+
+    :type read: int, float, or None
+
+    .. note::
+
+        Many factors can affect the total amount of time for urllib3 to return
+        an HTTP response.
+
+        For example, Python's DNS resolver does not obey the timeout specified
+        on the socket. Other factors that can affect total request time include
+        high CPU load, high swap, the program running at a low priority level,
+        or other behaviors.
+
+        In addition, the read and total timeouts only measure the time between
+        read operations on the socket connecting the client and the server,
+        not the total amount of time for the request to return a complete
+        response. For most requests, the timeout is raised because the server
+        has not sent the first byte in the specified time. This is not always
+        the case; if a server streams one byte every fifteen seconds, a timeout
+        of 20 seconds will not trigger, even though the request will take
+        several minutes to complete.
+
+        If your goal is to cut off any request after a set amount of wall clock
+        time, consider having a second "watcher" thread to cut off a slow
+        request.
+    """
+
+    #: A sentinel object representing the default timeout value
+    DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+
+    def __init__(self, total=None, connect=_Default, read=_Default):
+        self._connect = self._validate_timeout(connect, "connect")
+        self._read = self._validate_timeout(read, "read")
+        self.total = self._validate_timeout(total, "total")
+        self._start_connect = None
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s(connect=%r, read=%r, total=%r)" % (
+            type(self).__name__,
+            self._connect,
+            self._read,
+            self.total,
+        )
+
+    # __str__ provided for backwards compatibility
+    __str__ = __repr__
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _validate_timeout(cls, value, name):
+        """Check that a timeout attribute is valid.
+
+        :param value: The timeout value to validate
+        :param name: The name of the timeout attribute to validate. This is
+            used to specify in error messages.
+        :return: The validated and casted version of the given value.
+        :raises ValueError: If it is a numeric value less than or equal to
+            zero, or the type is not an integer, float, or None.
+        """
+        if value is _Default:
+            return cls.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+
+        if value is None or value is cls.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+            return value
+
+        if isinstance(value, bool):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Timeout cannot be a boolean value. It must "
+                "be an int, float or None."
+            )
+        try:
+            float(value)
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Timeout value %s was %s, but it must be an "
+                "int, float or None." % (name, value)
+            )
+
+        try:
+            if value <= 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Attempted to set %s timeout to %s, but the "
+                    "timeout cannot be set to a value less "
+                    "than or equal to 0." % (name, value)
+                )
+        except TypeError:
+            # Python 3
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Timeout value %s was %s, but it must be an "
+                "int, float or None." % (name, value)
+            )
+
+        return value
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_float(cls, timeout):
+        """Create a new Timeout from a legacy timeout value.
+
+        The timeout value used by httplib.py sets the same timeout on the
+        connect(), and recv() socket requests. This creates a :class:`Timeout`
+        object that sets the individual timeouts to the ``timeout`` value
+        passed to this function.
+
+        :param timeout: The legacy timeout value.
+        :type timeout: integer, float, sentinel default object, or None
+        :return: Timeout object
+        :rtype: :class:`Timeout`
+        """
+        return Timeout(read=timeout, connect=timeout)
+
+    def clone(self):
+        """Create a copy of the timeout object
+
+        Timeout properties are stored per-pool but each request needs a fresh
+        Timeout object to ensure each one has its own start/stop configured.
+
+        :return: a copy of the timeout object
+        :rtype: :class:`Timeout`
+        """
+        # We can't use copy.deepcopy because that will also create a new object
+        # for _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, which socket.py uses as a sentinel to
+        # detect the user default.
+        return Timeout(connect=self._connect, read=self._read, total=self.total)
+
+    def start_connect(self):
+        """Start the timeout clock, used during a connect() attempt
+
+        :raises urllib3.exceptions.TimeoutStateError: if you attempt
+            to start a timer that has been started already.
+        """
+        if self._start_connect is not None:
+            raise TimeoutStateError("Timeout timer has already been started.")
+        self._start_connect = current_time()
+        return self._start_connect
+
+    def get_connect_duration(self):
+        """Gets the time elapsed since the call to :meth:`start_connect`.
+
+        :return: Elapsed time in seconds.
+        :rtype: float
+        :raises urllib3.exceptions.TimeoutStateError: if you attempt
+            to get duration for a timer that hasn't been started.
+        """
+        if self._start_connect is None:
+            raise TimeoutStateError(
+                "Can't get connect duration for timer that has not started."
+            )
+        return current_time() - self._start_connect
+
+    @property
+    def connect_timeout(self):
+        """Get the value to use when setting a connection timeout.
+
+        This will be a positive float or integer, the value None
+        (never timeout), or the default system timeout.
+
+        :return: Connect timeout.
+        :rtype: int, float, :attr:`Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT` or None
+        """
+        if self.total is None:
+            return self._connect
+
+        if self._connect is None or self._connect is self.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+            return self.total
+
+        return min(self._connect, self.total)
+
+    @property
+    def read_timeout(self):
+        """Get the value for the read timeout.
+
+        This assumes some time has elapsed in the connection timeout and
+        computes the read timeout appropriately.
+
+        If self.total is set, the read timeout is dependent on the amount of
+        time taken by the connect timeout. If the connection time has not been
+        established, a :exc:`~urllib3.exceptions.TimeoutStateError` will be
+        raised.
+
+        :return: Value to use for the read timeout.
+        :rtype: int, float, :attr:`Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT` or None
+        :raises urllib3.exceptions.TimeoutStateError: If :meth:`start_connect`
+            has not yet been called on this object.
+        """
+        if (
+            self.total is not None
+            and self.total is not self.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+            and self._read is not None
+            and self._read is not self.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+        ):
+            # In case the connect timeout has not yet been established.
+            if self._start_connect is None:
+                return self._read
+            return max(0, min(self.total - self.get_connect_duration(), self._read))
+        elif self.total is not None and self.total is not self.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+            return max(0, self.total - self.get_connect_duration())
+        else:
+            return self._read
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/url.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/url.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3651c43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/url.py
@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import re
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from ..exceptions import LocationParseError
+from ..packages import six
+
+url_attrs = ["scheme", "auth", "host", "port", "path", "query", "fragment"]
+
+# We only want to normalize urls with an HTTP(S) scheme.
+# urllib3 infers URLs without a scheme (None) to be http.
+NORMALIZABLE_SCHEMES = ("http", "https", None)
+
+# Almost all of these patterns were derived from the
+# 'rfc3986' module: https://github.com/python-hyper/rfc3986
+PERCENT_RE = re.compile(r"%[a-fA-F0-9]{2}")
+SCHEME_RE = re.compile(r"^(?:[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+-]*:|/)")
+URI_RE = re.compile(
+    r"^(?:([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]*):)?"
+    r"(?://([^\\/?#]*))?"
+    r"([^?#]*)"
+    r"(?:\?([^#]*))?"
+    r"(?:#(.*))?$",
+    re.UNICODE | re.DOTALL,
+)
+
+IPV4_PAT = r"(?:[0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}"
+HEX_PAT = "[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}"
+LS32_PAT = "(?:{hex}:{hex}|{ipv4})".format(hex=HEX_PAT, ipv4=IPV4_PAT)
+_subs = {"hex": HEX_PAT, "ls32": LS32_PAT}
+_variations = [
+    #                            6( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(?:%(hex)s:){6}%(ls32)s",
+    #                       "::" 5( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "::(?:%(hex)s:){5}%(ls32)s",
+    # [               h16 ] "::" 4( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(?:%(hex)s)?::(?:%(hex)s:){4}%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *1( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 3( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:)?%(hex)s)?::(?:%(hex)s:){3}%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *2( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 2( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,2}%(hex)s)?::(?:%(hex)s:){2}%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *3( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"    h16 ":"   ls32
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,3}%(hex)s)?::%(hex)s:%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *4( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"              ls32
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,4}%(hex)s)?::%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *5( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"              h16
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,5}%(hex)s)?::%(hex)s",
+    # [ *6( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,6}%(hex)s)?::",
+]
+
+UNRESERVED_PAT = r"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789._!\-~"
+IPV6_PAT = "(?:" + "|".join([x % _subs for x in _variations]) + ")"
+ZONE_ID_PAT = "(?:%25|%)(?:[" + UNRESERVED_PAT + "]|%[a-fA-F0-9]{2})+"
+IPV6_ADDRZ_PAT = r"\[" + IPV6_PAT + r"(?:" + ZONE_ID_PAT + r")?\]"
+REG_NAME_PAT = r"(?:[^\[\]%:/?#]|%[a-fA-F0-9]{2})*"
+TARGET_RE = re.compile(r"^(/[^?#]*)(?:\?([^#]*))?(?:#.*)?$")
+
+IPV4_RE = re.compile("^" + IPV4_PAT + "$")
+IPV6_RE = re.compile("^" + IPV6_PAT + "$")
+IPV6_ADDRZ_RE = re.compile("^" + IPV6_ADDRZ_PAT + "$")
+BRACELESS_IPV6_ADDRZ_RE = re.compile("^" + IPV6_ADDRZ_PAT[2:-2] + "$")
+ZONE_ID_RE = re.compile("(" + ZONE_ID_PAT + r")\]$")
+
+_HOST_PORT_PAT = ("^(%s|%s|%s)(?::([0-9]{0,5}))?$") % (
+    REG_NAME_PAT,
+    IPV4_PAT,
+    IPV6_ADDRZ_PAT,
+)
+_HOST_PORT_RE = re.compile(_HOST_PORT_PAT, re.UNICODE | re.DOTALL)
+
+UNRESERVED_CHARS = set(
+    "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789._-~"
+)
+SUB_DELIM_CHARS = set("!$&'()*+,;=")
+USERINFO_CHARS = UNRESERVED_CHARS | SUB_DELIM_CHARS | {":"}
+PATH_CHARS = USERINFO_CHARS | {"@", "/"}
+QUERY_CHARS = FRAGMENT_CHARS = PATH_CHARS | {"?"}
+
+
+class Url(namedtuple("Url", url_attrs)):
+    """
+    Data structure for representing an HTTP URL. Used as a return value for
+    :func:`parse_url`. Both the scheme and host are normalized as they are
+    both case-insensitive according to RFC 3986.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        scheme=None,
+        auth=None,
+        host=None,
+        port=None,
+        path=None,
+        query=None,
+        fragment=None,
+    ):
+        if path and not path.startswith("/"):
+            path = "/" + path
+        if scheme is not None:
+            scheme = scheme.lower()
+        return super(Url, cls).__new__(
+            cls, scheme, auth, host, port, path, query, fragment
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def hostname(self):
+        """For backwards-compatibility with urlparse. We're nice like that."""
+        return self.host
+
+    @property
+    def request_uri(self):
+        """Absolute path including the query string."""
+        uri = self.path or "/"
+
+        if self.query is not None:
+            uri += "?" + self.query
+
+        return uri
+
+    @property
+    def netloc(self):
+        """Network location including host and port"""
+        if self.port:
+            return "%s:%d" % (self.host, self.port)
+        return self.host
+
+    @property
+    def url(self):
+        """
+        Convert self into a url
+
+        This function should more or less round-trip with :func:`.parse_url`. The
+        returned url may not be exactly the same as the url inputted to
+        :func:`.parse_url`, but it should be equivalent by the RFC (e.g., urls
+        with a blank port will have : removed).
+
+        Example: ::
+
+            >>> U = parse_url('http://google.com/mail/')
+            >>> U.url
+            'http://google.com/mail/'
+            >>> Url('http', 'username:password', 'host.com', 80,
+            ... '/path', 'query', 'fragment').url
+            'http://username:password@host.com:80/path?query#fragment'
+        """
+        scheme, auth, host, port, path, query, fragment = self
+        url = u""
+
+        # We use "is not None" we want things to happen with empty strings (or 0 port)
+        if scheme is not None:
+            url += scheme + u"://"
+        if auth is not None:
+            url += auth + u"@"
+        if host is not None:
+            url += host
+        if port is not None:
+            url += u":" + str(port)
+        if path is not None:
+            url += path
+        if query is not None:
+            url += u"?" + query
+        if fragment is not None:
+            url += u"#" + fragment
+
+        return url
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.url
+
+
+def split_first(s, delims):
+    """
+    .. deprecated:: 1.25
+
+    Given a string and an iterable of delimiters, split on the first found
+    delimiter. Return two split parts and the matched delimiter.
+
+    If not found, then the first part is the full input string.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> split_first('foo/bar?baz', '?/=')
+        ('foo', 'bar?baz', '/')
+        >>> split_first('foo/bar?baz', '123')
+        ('foo/bar?baz', '', None)
+
+    Scales linearly with number of delims. Not ideal for large number of delims.
+    """
+    min_idx = None
+    min_delim = None
+    for d in delims:
+        idx = s.find(d)
+        if idx < 0:
+            continue
+
+        if min_idx is None or idx < min_idx:
+            min_idx = idx
+            min_delim = d
+
+    if min_idx is None or min_idx < 0:
+        return s, "", None
+
+    return s[:min_idx], s[min_idx + 1 :], min_delim
+
+
+def _encode_invalid_chars(component, allowed_chars, encoding="utf-8"):
+    """Percent-encodes a URI component without reapplying
+    onto an already percent-encoded component.
+    """
+    if component is None:
+        return component
+
+    component = six.ensure_text(component)
+
+    # Normalize existing percent-encoded bytes.
+    # Try to see if the component we're encoding is already percent-encoded
+    # so we can skip all '%' characters but still encode all others.
+    component, percent_encodings = PERCENT_RE.subn(
+        lambda match: match.group(0).upper(), component
+    )
+
+    uri_bytes = component.encode("utf-8", "surrogatepass")
+    is_percent_encoded = percent_encodings == uri_bytes.count(b"%")
+    encoded_component = bytearray()
+
+    for i in range(0, len(uri_bytes)):
+        # Will return a single character bytestring on both Python 2 & 3
+        byte = uri_bytes[i : i + 1]
+        byte_ord = ord(byte)
+        if (is_percent_encoded and byte == b"%") or (
+            byte_ord < 128 and byte.decode() in allowed_chars
+        ):
+            encoded_component += byte
+            continue
+        encoded_component.extend(b"%" + (hex(byte_ord)[2:].encode().zfill(2).upper()))
+
+    return encoded_component.decode(encoding)
+
+
+def _remove_path_dot_segments(path):
+    # See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.2.4 for pseudo-code
+    segments = path.split("/")  # Turn the path into a list of segments
+    output = []  # Initialize the variable to use to store output
+
+    for segment in segments:
+        # '.' is the current directory, so ignore it, it is superfluous
+        if segment == ".":
+            continue
+        # Anything other than '..', should be appended to the output
+        elif segment != "..":
+            output.append(segment)
+        # In this case segment == '..', if we can, we should pop the last
+        # element
+        elif output:
+            output.pop()
+
+    # If the path starts with '/' and the output is empty or the first string
+    # is non-empty
+    if path.startswith("/") and (not output or output[0]):
+        output.insert(0, "")
+
+    # If the path starts with '/.' or '/..' ensure we add one more empty
+    # string to add a trailing '/'
+    if path.endswith(("/.", "/..")):
+        output.append("")
+
+    return "/".join(output)
+
+
+def _normalize_host(host, scheme):
+    if host:
+        if isinstance(host, six.binary_type):
+            host = six.ensure_str(host)
+
+        if scheme in NORMALIZABLE_SCHEMES:
+            is_ipv6 = IPV6_ADDRZ_RE.match(host)
+            if is_ipv6:
+                match = ZONE_ID_RE.search(host)
+                if match:
+                    start, end = match.span(1)
+                    zone_id = host[start:end]
+
+                    if zone_id.startswith("%25") and zone_id != "%25":
+                        zone_id = zone_id[3:]
+                    else:
+                        zone_id = zone_id[1:]
+                    zone_id = "%" + _encode_invalid_chars(zone_id, UNRESERVED_CHARS)
+                    return host[:start].lower() + zone_id + host[end:]
+                else:
+                    return host.lower()
+            elif not IPV4_RE.match(host):
+                return six.ensure_str(
+                    b".".join([_idna_encode(label) for label in host.split(".")])
+                )
+    return host
+
+
+def _idna_encode(name):
+    if name and any([ord(x) > 128 for x in name]):
+        try:
+            from pip._vendor import idna
+        except ImportError:
+            six.raise_from(
+                LocationParseError("Unable to parse URL without the 'idna' module"),
+                None,
+            )
+        try:
+            return idna.encode(name.lower(), strict=True, std3_rules=True)
+        except idna.IDNAError:
+            six.raise_from(
+                LocationParseError(u"Name '%s' is not a valid IDNA label" % name), None
+            )
+    return name.lower().encode("ascii")
+
+
+def _encode_target(target):
+    """Percent-encodes a request target so that there are no invalid characters"""
+    path, query = TARGET_RE.match(target).groups()
+    target = _encode_invalid_chars(path, PATH_CHARS)
+    query = _encode_invalid_chars(query, QUERY_CHARS)
+    if query is not None:
+        target += "?" + query
+    return target
+
+
+def parse_url(url):
+    """
+    Given a url, return a parsed :class:`.Url` namedtuple. Best-effort is
+    performed to parse incomplete urls. Fields not provided will be None.
+    This parser is RFC 3986 compliant.
+
+    The parser logic and helper functions are based heavily on
+    work done in the ``rfc3986`` module.
+
+    :param str url: URL to parse into a :class:`.Url` namedtuple.
+
+    Partly backwards-compatible with :mod:`urlparse`.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> parse_url('http://google.com/mail/')
+        Url(scheme='http', host='google.com', port=None, path='/mail/', ...)
+        >>> parse_url('google.com:80')
+        Url(scheme=None, host='google.com', port=80, path=None, ...)
+        >>> parse_url('/foo?bar')
+        Url(scheme=None, host=None, port=None, path='/foo', query='bar', ...)
+    """
+    if not url:
+        # Empty
+        return Url()
+
+    source_url = url
+    if not SCHEME_RE.search(url):
+        url = "//" + url
+
+    try:
+        scheme, authority, path, query, fragment = URI_RE.match(url).groups()
+        normalize_uri = scheme is None or scheme.lower() in NORMALIZABLE_SCHEMES
+
+        if scheme:
+            scheme = scheme.lower()
+
+        if authority:
+            auth, _, host_port = authority.rpartition("@")
+            auth = auth or None
+            host, port = _HOST_PORT_RE.match(host_port).groups()
+            if auth and normalize_uri:
+                auth = _encode_invalid_chars(auth, USERINFO_CHARS)
+            if port == "":
+                port = None
+        else:
+            auth, host, port = None, None, None
+
+        if port is not None:
+            port = int(port)
+            if not (0 <= port <= 65535):
+                raise LocationParseError(url)
+
+        host = _normalize_host(host, scheme)
+
+        if normalize_uri and path:
+            path = _remove_path_dot_segments(path)
+            path = _encode_invalid_chars(path, PATH_CHARS)
+        if normalize_uri and query:
+            query = _encode_invalid_chars(query, QUERY_CHARS)
+        if normalize_uri and fragment:
+            fragment = _encode_invalid_chars(fragment, FRAGMENT_CHARS)
+
+    except (ValueError, AttributeError):
+        return six.raise_from(LocationParseError(source_url), None)
+
+    # For the sake of backwards compatibility we put empty
+    # string values for path if there are any defined values
+    # beyond the path in the URL.
+    # TODO: Remove this when we break backwards compatibility.
+    if not path:
+        if query is not None or fragment is not None:
+            path = ""
+        else:
+            path = None
+
+    # Ensure that each part of the URL is a `str` for
+    # backwards compatibility.
+    if isinstance(url, six.text_type):
+        ensure_func = six.ensure_text
+    else:
+        ensure_func = six.ensure_str
+
+    def ensure_type(x):
+        return x if x is None else ensure_func(x)
+
+    return Url(
+        scheme=ensure_type(scheme),
+        auth=ensure_type(auth),
+        host=ensure_type(host),
+        port=port,
+        path=ensure_type(path),
+        query=ensure_type(query),
+        fragment=ensure_type(fragment),
+    )
+
+
+def get_host(url):
+    """
+    Deprecated. Use :func:`parse_url` instead.
+    """
+    p = parse_url(url)
+    return p.scheme or "http", p.hostname, p.port
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/wait.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/wait.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c280646
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/util/wait.py
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+import errno
+import select
+import sys
+from functools import partial
+
+try:
+    from time import monotonic
+except ImportError:
+    from time import time as monotonic
+
+__all__ = ["NoWayToWaitForSocketError", "wait_for_read", "wait_for_write"]
+
+
+class NoWayToWaitForSocketError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+# How should we wait on sockets?
+#
+# There are two types of APIs you can use for waiting on sockets: the fancy
+# modern stateful APIs like epoll/kqueue, and the older stateless APIs like
+# select/poll. The stateful APIs are more efficient when you have a lots of
+# sockets to keep track of, because you can set them up once and then use them
+# lots of times. But we only ever want to wait on a single socket at a time
+# and don't want to keep track of state, so the stateless APIs are actually
+# more efficient. So we want to use select() or poll().
+#
+# Now, how do we choose between select() and poll()? On traditional Unixes,
+# select() has a strange calling convention that makes it slow, or fail
+# altogether, for high-numbered file descriptors. The point of poll() is to fix
+# that, so on Unixes, we prefer poll().
+#
+# On Windows, there is no poll() (or at least Python doesn't provide a wrapper
+# for it), but that's OK, because on Windows, select() doesn't have this
+# strange calling convention; plain select() works fine.
+#
+# So: on Windows we use select(), and everywhere else we use poll(). We also
+# fall back to select() in case poll() is somehow broken or missing.
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 5):
+    # Modern Python, that retries syscalls by default
+    def _retry_on_intr(fn, timeout):
+        return fn(timeout)
+
+
+else:
+    # Old and broken Pythons.
+    def _retry_on_intr(fn, timeout):
+        if timeout is None:
+            deadline = float("inf")
+        else:
+            deadline = monotonic() + timeout
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                return fn(timeout)
+            # OSError for 3 <= pyver < 3.5, select.error for pyver <= 2.7
+            except (OSError, select.error) as e:
+                # 'e.args[0]' incantation works for both OSError and select.error
+                if e.args[0] != errno.EINTR:
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    timeout = deadline - monotonic()
+                    if timeout < 0:
+                        timeout = 0
+                    if timeout == float("inf"):
+                        timeout = None
+                    continue
+
+
+def select_wait_for_socket(sock, read=False, write=False, timeout=None):
+    if not read and not write:
+        raise RuntimeError("must specify at least one of read=True, write=True")
+    rcheck = []
+    wcheck = []
+    if read:
+        rcheck.append(sock)
+    if write:
+        wcheck.append(sock)
+    # When doing a non-blocking connect, most systems signal success by
+    # marking the socket writable. Windows, though, signals success by marked
+    # it as "exceptional". We paper over the difference by checking the write
+    # sockets for both conditions. (The stdlib selectors module does the same
+    # thing.)
+    fn = partial(select.select, rcheck, wcheck, wcheck)
+    rready, wready, xready = _retry_on_intr(fn, timeout)
+    return bool(rready or wready or xready)
+
+
+def poll_wait_for_socket(sock, read=False, write=False, timeout=None):
+    if not read and not write:
+        raise RuntimeError("must specify at least one of read=True, write=True")
+    mask = 0
+    if read:
+        mask |= select.POLLIN
+    if write:
+        mask |= select.POLLOUT
+    poll_obj = select.poll()
+    poll_obj.register(sock, mask)
+
+    # For some reason, poll() takes timeout in milliseconds
+    def do_poll(t):
+        if t is not None:
+            t *= 1000
+        return poll_obj.poll(t)
+
+    return bool(_retry_on_intr(do_poll, timeout))
+
+
+def null_wait_for_socket(*args, **kwargs):
+    raise NoWayToWaitForSocketError("no select-equivalent available")
+
+
+def _have_working_poll():
+    # Apparently some systems have a select.poll that fails as soon as you try
+    # to use it, either due to strange configuration or broken monkeypatching
+    # from libraries like eventlet/greenlet.
+    try:
+        poll_obj = select.poll()
+        _retry_on_intr(poll_obj.poll, 0)
+    except (AttributeError, OSError):
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
+
+
+def wait_for_socket(*args, **kwargs):
+    # We delay choosing which implementation to use until the first time we're
+    # called. We could do it at import time, but then we might make the wrong
+    # decision if someone goes wild with monkeypatching select.poll after
+    # we're imported.
+    global wait_for_socket
+    if _have_working_poll():
+        wait_for_socket = poll_wait_for_socket
+    elif hasattr(select, "select"):
+        wait_for_socket = select_wait_for_socket
+    else:  # Platform-specific: Appengine.
+        wait_for_socket = null_wait_for_socket
+    return wait_for_socket(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def wait_for_read(sock, timeout=None):
+    """Waits for reading to be available on a given socket.
+    Returns True if the socket is readable, or False if the timeout expired.
+    """
+    return wait_for_socket(sock, read=True, timeout=timeout)
+
+
+def wait_for_write(sock, timeout=None):
+    """Waits for writing to be available on a given socket.
+    Returns True if the socket is readable, or False if the timeout expired.
+    """
+    return wait_for_socket(sock, write=True, timeout=timeout)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/vendor.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/vendor.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c93c0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/vendor.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+CacheControl==0.12.10  # Make sure to update the license in pyproject.toml for this.
+colorama==0.4.4
+distlib==0.3.3
+distro==1.6.0
+html5lib==1.1
+msgpack==1.0.3
+packaging==21.3
+pep517==0.12.0
+platformdirs==2.4.1
+progress==1.6
+pyparsing==3.0.7
+requests==2.27.1
+    certifi==2021.10.08
+    chardet==4.0.0
+    idna==3.3
+    urllib3==1.26.8
+rich==11.0.0
+    pygments==2.11.2
+    typing_extensions==4.0.1
+resolvelib==0.8.1
+setuptools==44.0.0
+six==1.16.0
+tenacity==8.0.1
+tomli==1.0.3
+webencodings==0.5.1
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d21d697
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+"""
+
+    webencodings
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    This is a Python implementation of the `WHATWG Encoding standard
+    <http://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/>`. See README for details.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2012 by Simon Sapin
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import codecs
+
+from .labels import LABELS
+
+
+VERSION = '0.5.1'
+
+
+# Some names in Encoding are not valid Python aliases. Remap these.
+PYTHON_NAMES = {
+    'iso-8859-8-i': 'iso-8859-8',
+    'x-mac-cyrillic': 'mac-cyrillic',
+    'macintosh': 'mac-roman',
+    'windows-874': 'cp874'}
+
+CACHE = {}
+
+
+def ascii_lower(string):
+    r"""Transform (only) ASCII letters to lower case: A-Z is mapped to a-z.
+
+    :param string: An Unicode string.
+    :returns: A new Unicode string.
+
+    This is used for `ASCII case-insensitive
+    <http://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-case-insensitive>`_
+    matching of encoding labels.
+    The same matching is also used, among other things,
+    for `CSS keywords <http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values/#keywords>`_.
+
+    This is different from the :meth:`~py:str.lower` method of Unicode strings
+    which also affect non-ASCII characters,
+    sometimes mapping them into the ASCII range:
+
+        >>> keyword = u'Bac\N{KELVIN SIGN}ground'
+        >>> assert keyword.lower() == u'background'
+        >>> assert ascii_lower(keyword) != keyword.lower()
+        >>> assert ascii_lower(keyword) == u'bac\N{KELVIN SIGN}ground'
+
+    """
+    # This turns out to be faster than unicode.translate()
+    return string.encode('utf8').lower().decode('utf8')
+
+
+def lookup(label):
+    """
+    Look for an encoding by its label.
+    This is the spec’s `get an encoding
+    <http://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-encoding-get>`_ algorithm.
+    Supported labels are listed there.
+
+    :param label: A string.
+    :returns:
+        An :class:`Encoding` object, or :obj:`None` for an unknown label.
+
+    """
+    # Only strip ASCII whitespace: U+0009, U+000A, U+000C, U+000D, and U+0020.
+    label = ascii_lower(label.strip('\t\n\f\r '))
+    name = LABELS.get(label)
+    if name is None:
+        return None
+    encoding = CACHE.get(name)
+    if encoding is None:
+        if name == 'x-user-defined':
+            from .x_user_defined import codec_info
+        else:
+            python_name = PYTHON_NAMES.get(name, name)
+            # Any python_name value that gets to here should be valid.
+            codec_info = codecs.lookup(python_name)
+        encoding = Encoding(name, codec_info)
+        CACHE[name] = encoding
+    return encoding
+
+
+def _get_encoding(encoding_or_label):
+    """
+    Accept either an encoding object or label.
+
+    :param encoding: An :class:`Encoding` object or a label string.
+    :returns: An :class:`Encoding` object.
+    :raises: :exc:`~exceptions.LookupError` for an unknown label.
+
+    """
+    if hasattr(encoding_or_label, 'codec_info'):
+        return encoding_or_label
+
+    encoding = lookup(encoding_or_label)
+    if encoding is None:
+        raise LookupError('Unknown encoding label: %r' % encoding_or_label)
+    return encoding
+
+
+class Encoding(object):
+    """Reresents a character encoding such as UTF-8,
+    that can be used for decoding or encoding.
+
+    .. attribute:: name
+
+        Canonical name of the encoding
+
+    .. attribute:: codec_info
+
+        The actual implementation of the encoding,
+        a stdlib :class:`~codecs.CodecInfo` object.
+        See :func:`codecs.register`.
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self, name, codec_info):
+        self.name = name
+        self.codec_info = codec_info
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<Encoding %s>' % self.name
+
+
+#: The UTF-8 encoding. Should be used for new content and formats.
+UTF8 = lookup('utf-8')
+
+_UTF16LE = lookup('utf-16le')
+_UTF16BE = lookup('utf-16be')
+
+
+def decode(input, fallback_encoding, errors='replace'):
+    """
+    Decode a single string.
+
+    :param input: A byte string
+    :param fallback_encoding:
+        An :class:`Encoding` object or a label string.
+        The encoding to use if :obj:`input` does note have a BOM.
+    :param errors: Type of error handling. See :func:`codecs.register`.
+    :raises: :exc:`~exceptions.LookupError` for an unknown encoding label.
+    :return:
+        A ``(output, encoding)`` tuple of an Unicode string
+        and an :obj:`Encoding`.
+
+    """
+    # Fail early if `encoding` is an invalid label.
+    fallback_encoding = _get_encoding(fallback_encoding)
+    bom_encoding, input = _detect_bom(input)
+    encoding = bom_encoding or fallback_encoding
+    return encoding.codec_info.decode(input, errors)[0], encoding
+
+
+def _detect_bom(input):
+    """Return (bom_encoding, input), with any BOM removed from the input."""
+    if input.startswith(b'\xFF\xFE'):
+        return _UTF16LE, input[2:]
+    if input.startswith(b'\xFE\xFF'):
+        return _UTF16BE, input[2:]
+    if input.startswith(b'\xEF\xBB\xBF'):
+        return UTF8, input[3:]
+    return None, input
+
+
+def encode(input, encoding=UTF8, errors='strict'):
+    """
+    Encode a single string.
+
+    :param input: An Unicode string.
+    :param encoding: An :class:`Encoding` object or a label string.
+    :param errors: Type of error handling. See :func:`codecs.register`.
+    :raises: :exc:`~exceptions.LookupError` for an unknown encoding label.
+    :return: A byte string.
+
+    """
+    return _get_encoding(encoding).codec_info.encode(input, errors)[0]
+
+
+def iter_decode(input, fallback_encoding, errors='replace'):
+    """
+    "Pull"-based decoder.
+
+    :param input:
+        An iterable of byte strings.
+
+        The input is first consumed just enough to determine the encoding
+        based on the precense of a BOM,
+        then consumed on demand when the return value is.
+    :param fallback_encoding:
+        An :class:`Encoding` object or a label string.
+        The encoding to use if :obj:`input` does note have a BOM.
+    :param errors: Type of error handling. See :func:`codecs.register`.
+    :raises: :exc:`~exceptions.LookupError` for an unknown encoding label.
+    :returns:
+        An ``(output, encoding)`` tuple.
+        :obj:`output` is an iterable of Unicode strings,
+        :obj:`encoding` is the :obj:`Encoding` that is being used.
+
+    """
+
+    decoder = IncrementalDecoder(fallback_encoding, errors)
+    generator = _iter_decode_generator(input, decoder)
+    encoding = next(generator)
+    return generator, encoding
+
+
+def _iter_decode_generator(input, decoder):
+    """Return a generator that first yields the :obj:`Encoding`,
+    then yields output chukns as Unicode strings.
+
+    """
+    decode = decoder.decode
+    input = iter(input)
+    for chunck in input:
+        output = decode(chunck)
+        if output:
+            assert decoder.encoding is not None
+            yield decoder.encoding
+            yield output
+            break
+    else:
+        # Input exhausted without determining the encoding
+        output = decode(b'', final=True)
+        assert decoder.encoding is not None
+        yield decoder.encoding
+        if output:
+            yield output
+        return
+
+    for chunck in input:
+        output = decode(chunck)
+        if output:
+            yield output
+    output = decode(b'', final=True)
+    if output:
+        yield output
+
+
+def iter_encode(input, encoding=UTF8, errors='strict'):
+    """
+    “Pull”-based encoder.
+
+    :param input: An iterable of Unicode strings.
+    :param encoding: An :class:`Encoding` object or a label string.
+    :param errors: Type of error handling. See :func:`codecs.register`.
+    :raises: :exc:`~exceptions.LookupError` for an unknown encoding label.
+    :returns: An iterable of byte strings.
+
+    """
+    # Fail early if `encoding` is an invalid label.
+    encode = IncrementalEncoder(encoding, errors).encode
+    return _iter_encode_generator(input, encode)
+
+
+def _iter_encode_generator(input, encode):
+    for chunck in input:
+        output = encode(chunck)
+        if output:
+            yield output
+    output = encode('', final=True)
+    if output:
+        yield output
+
+
+class IncrementalDecoder(object):
+    """
+    “Push”-based decoder.
+
+    :param fallback_encoding:
+        An :class:`Encoding` object or a label string.
+        The encoding to use if :obj:`input` does note have a BOM.
+    :param errors: Type of error handling. See :func:`codecs.register`.
+    :raises: :exc:`~exceptions.LookupError` for an unknown encoding label.
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self, fallback_encoding, errors='replace'):
+        # Fail early if `encoding` is an invalid label.
+        self._fallback_encoding = _get_encoding(fallback_encoding)
+        self._errors = errors
+        self._buffer = b''
+        self._decoder = None
+        #: The actual :class:`Encoding` that is being used,
+        #: or :obj:`None` if that is not determined yet.
+        #: (Ie. if there is not enough input yet to determine
+        #: if there is a BOM.)
+        self.encoding = None  # Not known yet.
+
+    def decode(self, input, final=False):
+        """Decode one chunk of the input.
+
+        :param input: A byte string.
+        :param final:
+            Indicate that no more input is available.
+            Must be :obj:`True` if this is the last call.
+        :returns: An Unicode string.
+
+        """
+        decoder = self._decoder
+        if decoder is not None:
+            return decoder(input, final)
+
+        input = self._buffer + input
+        encoding, input = _detect_bom(input)
+        if encoding is None:
+            if len(input) < 3 and not final:  # Not enough data yet.
+                self._buffer = input
+                return ''
+            else:  # No BOM
+                encoding = self._fallback_encoding
+        decoder = encoding.codec_info.incrementaldecoder(self._errors).decode
+        self._decoder = decoder
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        return decoder(input, final)
+
+
+class IncrementalEncoder(object):
+    """
+    “Push”-based encoder.
+
+    :param encoding: An :class:`Encoding` object or a label string.
+    :param errors: Type of error handling. See :func:`codecs.register`.
+    :raises: :exc:`~exceptions.LookupError` for an unknown encoding label.
+
+    .. method:: encode(input, final=False)
+
+        :param input: An Unicode string.
+        :param final:
+            Indicate that no more input is available.
+            Must be :obj:`True` if this is the last call.
+        :returns: A byte string.
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self, encoding=UTF8, errors='strict'):
+        encoding = _get_encoding(encoding)
+        self.encode = encoding.codec_info.incrementalencoder(errors).encode
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/labels.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/labels.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29cbf91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/labels.py
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+"""
+
+    webencodings.labels
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Map encoding labels to their name.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2012 by Simon Sapin
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+
+"""
+
+# XXX Do not edit!
+# This file is automatically generated by mklabels.py
+
+LABELS = {
+    'unicode-1-1-utf-8':   'utf-8',
+    'utf-8':               'utf-8',
+    'utf8':                'utf-8',
+    '866':                 'ibm866',
+    'cp866':               'ibm866',
+    'csibm866':            'ibm866',
+    'ibm866':              'ibm866',
+    'csisolatin2':         'iso-8859-2',
+    'iso-8859-2':          'iso-8859-2',
+    'iso-ir-101':          'iso-8859-2',
+    'iso8859-2':           'iso-8859-2',
+    'iso88592':            'iso-8859-2',
+    'iso_8859-2':          'iso-8859-2',
+    'iso_8859-2:1987':     'iso-8859-2',
+    'l2':                  'iso-8859-2',
+    'latin2':              'iso-8859-2',
+    'csisolatin3':         'iso-8859-3',
+    'iso-8859-3':          'iso-8859-3',
+    'iso-ir-109':          'iso-8859-3',
+    'iso8859-3':           'iso-8859-3',
+    'iso88593':            'iso-8859-3',
+    'iso_8859-3':          'iso-8859-3',
+    'iso_8859-3:1988':     'iso-8859-3',
+    'l3':                  'iso-8859-3',
+    'latin3':              'iso-8859-3',
+    'csisolatin4':         'iso-8859-4',
+    'iso-8859-4':          'iso-8859-4',
+    'iso-ir-110':          'iso-8859-4',
+    'iso8859-4':           'iso-8859-4',
+    'iso88594':            'iso-8859-4',
+    'iso_8859-4':          'iso-8859-4',
+    'iso_8859-4:1988':     'iso-8859-4',
+    'l4':                  'iso-8859-4',
+    'latin4':              'iso-8859-4',
+    'csisolatincyrillic':  'iso-8859-5',
+    'cyrillic':            'iso-8859-5',
+    'iso-8859-5':          'iso-8859-5',
+    'iso-ir-144':          'iso-8859-5',
+    'iso8859-5':           'iso-8859-5',
+    'iso88595':            'iso-8859-5',
+    'iso_8859-5':          'iso-8859-5',
+    'iso_8859-5:1988':     'iso-8859-5',
+    'arabic':              'iso-8859-6',
+    'asmo-708':            'iso-8859-6',
+    'csiso88596e':         'iso-8859-6',
+    'csiso88596i':         'iso-8859-6',
+    'csisolatinarabic':    'iso-8859-6',
+    'ecma-114':            'iso-8859-6',
+    'iso-8859-6':          'iso-8859-6',
+    'iso-8859-6-e':        'iso-8859-6',
+    'iso-8859-6-i':        'iso-8859-6',
+    'iso-ir-127':          'iso-8859-6',
+    'iso8859-6':           'iso-8859-6',
+    'iso88596':            'iso-8859-6',
+    'iso_8859-6':          'iso-8859-6',
+    'iso_8859-6:1987':     'iso-8859-6',
+    'csisolatingreek':     'iso-8859-7',
+    'ecma-118':            'iso-8859-7',
+    'elot_928':            'iso-8859-7',
+    'greek':               'iso-8859-7',
+    'greek8':              'iso-8859-7',
+    'iso-8859-7':          'iso-8859-7',
+    'iso-ir-126':          'iso-8859-7',
+    'iso8859-7':           'iso-8859-7',
+    'iso88597':            'iso-8859-7',
+    'iso_8859-7':          'iso-8859-7',
+    'iso_8859-7:1987':     'iso-8859-7',
+    'sun_eu_greek':        'iso-8859-7',
+    'csiso88598e':         'iso-8859-8',
+    'csisolatinhebrew':    'iso-8859-8',
+    'hebrew':              'iso-8859-8',
+    'iso-8859-8':          'iso-8859-8',
+    'iso-8859-8-e':        'iso-8859-8',
+    'iso-ir-138':          'iso-8859-8',
+    'iso8859-8':           'iso-8859-8',
+    'iso88598':            'iso-8859-8',
+    'iso_8859-8':          'iso-8859-8',
+    'iso_8859-8:1988':     'iso-8859-8',
+    'visual':              'iso-8859-8',
+    'csiso88598i':         'iso-8859-8-i',
+    'iso-8859-8-i':        'iso-8859-8-i',
+    'logical':             'iso-8859-8-i',
+    'csisolatin6':         'iso-8859-10',
+    'iso-8859-10':         'iso-8859-10',
+    'iso-ir-157':          'iso-8859-10',
+    'iso8859-10':          'iso-8859-10',
+    'iso885910':           'iso-8859-10',
+    'l6':                  'iso-8859-10',
+    'latin6':              'iso-8859-10',
+    'iso-8859-13':         'iso-8859-13',
+    'iso8859-13':          'iso-8859-13',
+    'iso885913':           'iso-8859-13',
+    'iso-8859-14':         'iso-8859-14',
+    'iso8859-14':          'iso-8859-14',
+    'iso885914':           'iso-8859-14',
+    'csisolatin9':         'iso-8859-15',
+    'iso-8859-15':         'iso-8859-15',
+    'iso8859-15':          'iso-8859-15',
+    'iso885915':           'iso-8859-15',
+    'iso_8859-15':         'iso-8859-15',
+    'l9':                  'iso-8859-15',
+    'iso-8859-16':         'iso-8859-16',
+    'cskoi8r':             'koi8-r',
+    'koi':                 'koi8-r',
+    'koi8':                'koi8-r',
+    'koi8-r':              'koi8-r',
+    'koi8_r':              'koi8-r',
+    'koi8-u':              'koi8-u',
+    'csmacintosh':         'macintosh',
+    'mac':                 'macintosh',
+    'macintosh':           'macintosh',
+    'x-mac-roman':         'macintosh',
+    'dos-874':             'windows-874',
+    'iso-8859-11':         'windows-874',
+    'iso8859-11':          'windows-874',
+    'iso885911':           'windows-874',
+    'tis-620':             'windows-874',
+    'windows-874':         'windows-874',
+    'cp1250':              'windows-1250',
+    'windows-1250':        'windows-1250',
+    'x-cp1250':            'windows-1250',
+    'cp1251':              'windows-1251',
+    'windows-1251':        'windows-1251',
+    'x-cp1251':            'windows-1251',
+    'ansi_x3.4-1968':      'windows-1252',
+    'ascii':               'windows-1252',
+    'cp1252':              'windows-1252',
+    'cp819':               'windows-1252',
+    'csisolatin1':         'windows-1252',
+    'ibm819':              'windows-1252',
+    'iso-8859-1':          'windows-1252',
+    'iso-ir-100':          'windows-1252',
+    'iso8859-1':           'windows-1252',
+    'iso88591':            'windows-1252',
+    'iso_8859-1':          'windows-1252',
+    'iso_8859-1:1987':     'windows-1252',
+    'l1':                  'windows-1252',
+    'latin1':              'windows-1252',
+    'us-ascii':            'windows-1252',
+    'windows-1252':        'windows-1252',
+    'x-cp1252':            'windows-1252',
+    'cp1253':              'windows-1253',
+    'windows-1253':        'windows-1253',
+    'x-cp1253':            'windows-1253',
+    'cp1254':              'windows-1254',
+    'csisolatin5':         'windows-1254',
+    'iso-8859-9':          'windows-1254',
+    'iso-ir-148':          'windows-1254',
+    'iso8859-9':           'windows-1254',
+    'iso88599':            'windows-1254',
+    'iso_8859-9':          'windows-1254',
+    'iso_8859-9:1989':     'windows-1254',
+    'l5':                  'windows-1254',
+    'latin5':              'windows-1254',
+    'windows-1254':        'windows-1254',
+    'x-cp1254':            'windows-1254',
+    'cp1255':              'windows-1255',
+    'windows-1255':        'windows-1255',
+    'x-cp1255':            'windows-1255',
+    'cp1256':              'windows-1256',
+    'windows-1256':        'windows-1256',
+    'x-cp1256':            'windows-1256',
+    'cp1257':              'windows-1257',
+    'windows-1257':        'windows-1257',
+    'x-cp1257':            'windows-1257',
+    'cp1258':              'windows-1258',
+    'windows-1258':        'windows-1258',
+    'x-cp1258':            'windows-1258',
+    'x-mac-cyrillic':      'x-mac-cyrillic',
+    'x-mac-ukrainian':     'x-mac-cyrillic',
+    'chinese':             'gbk',
+    'csgb2312':            'gbk',
+    'csiso58gb231280':     'gbk',
+    'gb2312':              'gbk',
+    'gb_2312':             'gbk',
+    'gb_2312-80':          'gbk',
+    'gbk':                 'gbk',
+    'iso-ir-58':           'gbk',
+    'x-gbk':               'gbk',
+    'gb18030':             'gb18030',
+    'hz-gb-2312':          'hz-gb-2312',
+    'big5':                'big5',
+    'big5-hkscs':          'big5',
+    'cn-big5':             'big5',
+    'csbig5':              'big5',
+    'x-x-big5':            'big5',
+    'cseucpkdfmtjapanese': 'euc-jp',
+    'euc-jp':              'euc-jp',
+    'x-euc-jp':            'euc-jp',
+    'csiso2022jp':         'iso-2022-jp',
+    'iso-2022-jp':         'iso-2022-jp',
+    'csshiftjis':          'shift_jis',
+    'ms_kanji':            'shift_jis',
+    'shift-jis':           'shift_jis',
+    'shift_jis':           'shift_jis',
+    'sjis':                'shift_jis',
+    'windows-31j':         'shift_jis',
+    'x-sjis':              'shift_jis',
+    'cseuckr':             'euc-kr',
+    'csksc56011987':       'euc-kr',
+    'euc-kr':              'euc-kr',
+    'iso-ir-149':          'euc-kr',
+    'korean':              'euc-kr',
+    'ks_c_5601-1987':      'euc-kr',
+    'ks_c_5601-1989':      'euc-kr',
+    'ksc5601':             'euc-kr',
+    'ksc_5601':            'euc-kr',
+    'windows-949':         'euc-kr',
+    'csiso2022kr':         'iso-2022-kr',
+    'iso-2022-kr':         'iso-2022-kr',
+    'utf-16be':            'utf-16be',
+    'utf-16':              'utf-16le',
+    'utf-16le':            'utf-16le',
+    'x-user-defined':      'x-user-defined',
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/mklabels.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/mklabels.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..295dc92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/mklabels.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+"""
+
+    webencodings.mklabels
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Regenarate the webencodings.labels module.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2012 by Simon Sapin
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+
+"""
+
+import json
+try:
+    from urllib import urlopen
+except ImportError:
+    from urllib.request import urlopen
+
+
+def assert_lower(string):
+    assert string == string.lower()
+    return string
+
+
+def generate(url):
+    parts = ['''\
+"""
+
+    webencodings.labels
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Map encoding labels to their name.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2012 by Simon Sapin
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+
+"""
+
+# XXX Do not edit!
+# This file is automatically generated by mklabels.py
+
+LABELS = {
+''']
+    labels = [
+        (repr(assert_lower(label)).lstrip('u'),
+         repr(encoding['name']).lstrip('u'))
+        for category in json.loads(urlopen(url).read().decode('ascii'))
+        for encoding in category['encodings']
+        for label in encoding['labels']]
+    max_len = max(len(label) for label, name in labels)
+    parts.extend(
+        '    %s:%s %s,\n' % (label, ' ' * (max_len - len(label)), name)
+        for label, name in labels)
+    parts.append('}')
+    return ''.join(parts)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print(generate('http://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/encodings.json'))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/tests.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/tests.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e12c10d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/tests.py
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+"""
+
+    webencodings.tests
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    A basic test suite for Encoding.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2012 by Simon Sapin
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+from . import (lookup, LABELS, decode, encode, iter_decode, iter_encode,
+               IncrementalDecoder, IncrementalEncoder, UTF8)
+
+
+def assert_raises(exception, function, *args, **kwargs):
+    try:
+        function(*args, **kwargs)
+    except exception:
+        return
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        raise AssertionError('Did not raise %s.' % exception)
+
+
+def test_labels():
+    assert lookup('utf-8').name == 'utf-8'
+    assert lookup('Utf-8').name == 'utf-8'
+    assert lookup('UTF-8').name == 'utf-8'
+    assert lookup('utf8').name == 'utf-8'
+    assert lookup('utf8').name == 'utf-8'
+    assert lookup('utf8 ').name == 'utf-8'
+    assert lookup(' \r\nutf8\t').name == 'utf-8'
+    assert lookup('u8') is None  # Python label.
+    assert lookup('utf-8 ') is None  # Non-ASCII white space.
+
+    assert lookup('US-ASCII').name == 'windows-1252'
+    assert lookup('iso-8859-1').name == 'windows-1252'
+    assert lookup('latin1').name == 'windows-1252'
+    assert lookup('LATIN1').name == 'windows-1252'
+    assert lookup('latin-1') is None
+    assert lookup('LATİN1') is None  # ASCII-only case insensitivity.
+
+
+def test_all_labels():
+    for label in LABELS:
+        assert decode(b'', label) == ('', lookup(label))
+        assert encode('', label) == b''
+        for repeat in [0, 1, 12]:
+            output, _ = iter_decode([b''] * repeat, label)
+            assert list(output) == []
+            assert list(iter_encode([''] * repeat, label)) == []
+        decoder = IncrementalDecoder(label)
+        assert decoder.decode(b'') == ''
+        assert decoder.decode(b'', final=True) == ''
+        encoder = IncrementalEncoder(label)
+        assert encoder.encode('') == b''
+        assert encoder.encode('', final=True) == b''
+    # All encoding names are valid labels too:
+    for name in set(LABELS.values()):
+        assert lookup(name).name == name
+
+
+def test_invalid_label():
+    assert_raises(LookupError, decode, b'\xEF\xBB\xBF\xc3\xa9', 'invalid')
+    assert_raises(LookupError, encode, 'é', 'invalid')
+    assert_raises(LookupError, iter_decode, [], 'invalid')
+    assert_raises(LookupError, iter_encode, [], 'invalid')
+    assert_raises(LookupError, IncrementalDecoder, 'invalid')
+    assert_raises(LookupError, IncrementalEncoder, 'invalid')
+
+
+def test_decode():
+    assert decode(b'\x80', 'latin1') == ('€', lookup('latin1'))
+    assert decode(b'\x80', lookup('latin1')) == ('€', lookup('latin1'))
+    assert decode(b'\xc3\xa9', 'utf8') == ('é', lookup('utf8'))
+    assert decode(b'\xc3\xa9', UTF8) == ('é', lookup('utf8'))
+    assert decode(b'\xc3\xa9', 'ascii') == ('é', lookup('ascii'))
+    assert decode(b'\xEF\xBB\xBF\xc3\xa9', 'ascii') == ('é', lookup('utf8'))  # UTF-8 with BOM
+
+    assert decode(b'\xFE\xFF\x00\xe9', 'ascii') == ('é', lookup('utf-16be'))  # UTF-16-BE with BOM
+    assert decode(b'\xFF\xFE\xe9\x00', 'ascii') == ('é', lookup('utf-16le'))  # UTF-16-LE with BOM
+    assert decode(b'\xFE\xFF\xe9\x00', 'ascii') == ('\ue900', lookup('utf-16be'))
+    assert decode(b'\xFF\xFE\x00\xe9', 'ascii') == ('\ue900', lookup('utf-16le'))
+
+    assert decode(b'\x00\xe9', 'UTF-16BE') == ('é', lookup('utf-16be'))
+    assert decode(b'\xe9\x00', 'UTF-16LE') == ('é', lookup('utf-16le'))
+    assert decode(b'\xe9\x00', 'UTF-16') == ('é', lookup('utf-16le'))
+
+    assert decode(b'\xe9\x00', 'UTF-16BE') == ('\ue900', lookup('utf-16be'))
+    assert decode(b'\x00\xe9', 'UTF-16LE') == ('\ue900', lookup('utf-16le'))
+    assert decode(b'\x00\xe9', 'UTF-16') == ('\ue900', lookup('utf-16le'))
+
+
+def test_encode():
+    assert encode('é', 'latin1') == b'\xe9'
+    assert encode('é', 'utf8') == b'\xc3\xa9'
+    assert encode('é', 'utf8') == b'\xc3\xa9'
+    assert encode('é', 'utf-16') == b'\xe9\x00'
+    assert encode('é', 'utf-16le') == b'\xe9\x00'
+    assert encode('é', 'utf-16be') == b'\x00\xe9'
+
+
+def test_iter_decode():
+    def iter_decode_to_string(input, fallback_encoding):
+        output, _encoding = iter_decode(input, fallback_encoding)
+        return ''.join(output)
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([], 'latin1') == ''
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b''], 'latin1') == ''
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'\xe9'], 'latin1') == 'é'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'hello'], 'latin1') == 'hello'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'he', b'llo'], 'latin1') == 'hello'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'hell', b'o'], 'latin1') == 'hello'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'\xc3\xa9'], 'latin1') == 'é'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'\xEF\xBB\xBF\xc3\xa9'], 'latin1') == 'é'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([
+        b'\xEF\xBB\xBF', b'\xc3', b'\xa9'], 'latin1') == 'é'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([
+        b'\xEF\xBB\xBF', b'a', b'\xc3'], 'latin1') == 'a\uFFFD'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([
+        b'', b'\xEF', b'', b'', b'\xBB\xBF\xc3', b'\xa9'], 'latin1') == 'é'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'\xEF\xBB\xBF'], 'latin1') == ''
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'\xEF\xBB'], 'latin1') == 'ï»'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'\xFE\xFF\x00\xe9'], 'latin1') == 'é'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([b'\xFF\xFE\xe9\x00'], 'latin1') == 'é'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([
+        b'', b'\xFF', b'', b'', b'\xFE\xe9', b'\x00'], 'latin1') == 'é'
+    assert iter_decode_to_string([
+        b'', b'h\xe9', b'llo'], 'x-user-defined') == 'h\uF7E9llo'
+
+
+def test_iter_encode():
+    assert b''.join(iter_encode([], 'latin1')) == b''
+    assert b''.join(iter_encode([''], 'latin1')) == b''
+    assert b''.join(iter_encode(['é'], 'latin1')) == b'\xe9'
+    assert b''.join(iter_encode(['', 'é', '', ''], 'latin1')) == b'\xe9'
+    assert b''.join(iter_encode(['', 'é', '', ''], 'utf-16')) == b'\xe9\x00'
+    assert b''.join(iter_encode(['', 'é', '', ''], 'utf-16le')) == b'\xe9\x00'
+    assert b''.join(iter_encode(['', 'é', '', ''], 'utf-16be')) == b'\x00\xe9'
+    assert b''.join(iter_encode([
+        '', 'h\uF7E9', '', 'llo'], 'x-user-defined')) == b'h\xe9llo'
+
+
+def test_x_user_defined():
+    encoded = b'2,\x0c\x0b\x1aO\xd9#\xcb\x0f\xc9\xbbt\xcf\xa8\xca'
+    decoded = '2,\x0c\x0b\x1aO\uf7d9#\uf7cb\x0f\uf7c9\uf7bbt\uf7cf\uf7a8\uf7ca'
+    encoded = b'aa'
+    decoded = 'aa'
+    assert decode(encoded, 'x-user-defined') == (decoded, lookup('x-user-defined'))
+    assert encode(decoded, 'x-user-defined') == encoded
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/x_user_defined.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/x_user_defined.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d16e326
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/webencodings/x_user_defined.py
@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+"""
+
+    webencodings.x_user_defined
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    An implementation of the x-user-defined encoding.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2012 by Simon Sapin
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import codecs
+
+
+### Codec APIs
+
+class Codec(codecs.Codec):
+
+    def encode(self, input, errors='strict'):
+        return codecs.charmap_encode(input, errors, encoding_table)
+
+    def decode(self, input, errors='strict'):
+        return codecs.charmap_decode(input, errors, decoding_table)
+
+
+class IncrementalEncoder(codecs.IncrementalEncoder):
+    def encode(self, input, final=False):
+        return codecs.charmap_encode(input, self.errors, encoding_table)[0]
+
+
+class IncrementalDecoder(codecs.IncrementalDecoder):
+    def decode(self, input, final=False):
+        return codecs.charmap_decode(input, self.errors, decoding_table)[0]
+
+
+class StreamWriter(Codec, codecs.StreamWriter):
+    pass
+
+
+class StreamReader(Codec, codecs.StreamReader):
+    pass
+
+
+### encodings module API
+
+codec_info = codecs.CodecInfo(
+    name='x-user-defined',
+    encode=Codec().encode,
+    decode=Codec().decode,
+    incrementalencoder=IncrementalEncoder,
+    incrementaldecoder=IncrementalDecoder,
+    streamreader=StreamReader,
+    streamwriter=StreamWriter,
+)
+
+
+### Decoding Table
+
+# Python 3:
+# for c in range(256): print('    %r' % chr(c if c < 128 else c + 0xF700))
+decoding_table = (
+    '\x00'
+    '\x01'
+    '\x02'
+    '\x03'
+    '\x04'
+    '\x05'
+    '\x06'
+    '\x07'
+    '\x08'
+    '\t'
+    '\n'
+    '\x0b'
+    '\x0c'
+    '\r'
+    '\x0e'
+    '\x0f'
+    '\x10'
+    '\x11'
+    '\x12'
+    '\x13'
+    '\x14'
+    '\x15'
+    '\x16'
+    '\x17'
+    '\x18'
+    '\x19'
+    '\x1a'
+    '\x1b'
+    '\x1c'
+    '\x1d'
+    '\x1e'
+    '\x1f'
+    ' '
+    '!'
+    '"'
+    '#'
+    '$'
+    '%'
+    '&'
+    "'"
+    '('
+    ')'
+    '*'
+    '+'
+    ','
+    '-'
+    '.'
+    '/'
+    '0'
+    '1'
+    '2'
+    '3'
+    '4'
+    '5'
+    '6'
+    '7'
+    '8'
+    '9'
+    ':'
+    ';'
+    '<'
+    '='
+    '>'
+    '?'
+    '@'
+    'A'
+    'B'
+    'C'
+    'D'
+    'E'
+    'F'
+    'G'
+    'H'
+    'I'
+    'J'
+    'K'
+    'L'
+    'M'
+    'N'
+    'O'
+    'P'
+    'Q'
+    'R'
+    'S'
+    'T'
+    'U'
+    'V'
+    'W'
+    'X'
+    'Y'
+    'Z'
+    '['
+    '\\'
+    ']'
+    '^'
+    '_'
+    '`'
+    'a'
+    'b'
+    'c'
+    'd'
+    'e'
+    'f'
+    'g'
+    'h'
+    'i'
+    'j'
+    'k'
+    'l'
+    'm'
+    'n'
+    'o'
+    'p'
+    'q'
+    'r'
+    's'
+    't'
+    'u'
+    'v'
+    'w'
+    'x'
+    'y'
+    'z'
+    '{'
+    '|'
+    '}'
+    '~'
+    '\x7f'
+    '\uf780'
+    '\uf781'
+    '\uf782'
+    '\uf783'
+    '\uf784'
+    '\uf785'
+    '\uf786'
+    '\uf787'
+    '\uf788'
+    '\uf789'
+    '\uf78a'
+    '\uf78b'
+    '\uf78c'
+    '\uf78d'
+    '\uf78e'
+    '\uf78f'
+    '\uf790'
+    '\uf791'
+    '\uf792'
+    '\uf793'
+    '\uf794'
+    '\uf795'
+    '\uf796'
+    '\uf797'
+    '\uf798'
+    '\uf799'
+    '\uf79a'
+    '\uf79b'
+    '\uf79c'
+    '\uf79d'
+    '\uf79e'
+    '\uf79f'
+    '\uf7a0'
+    '\uf7a1'
+    '\uf7a2'
+    '\uf7a3'
+    '\uf7a4'
+    '\uf7a5'
+    '\uf7a6'
+    '\uf7a7'
+    '\uf7a8'
+    '\uf7a9'
+    '\uf7aa'
+    '\uf7ab'
+    '\uf7ac'
+    '\uf7ad'
+    '\uf7ae'
+    '\uf7af'
+    '\uf7b0'
+    '\uf7b1'
+    '\uf7b2'
+    '\uf7b3'
+    '\uf7b4'
+    '\uf7b5'
+    '\uf7b6'
+    '\uf7b7'
+    '\uf7b8'
+    '\uf7b9'
+    '\uf7ba'
+    '\uf7bb'
+    '\uf7bc'
+    '\uf7bd'
+    '\uf7be'
+    '\uf7bf'
+    '\uf7c0'
+    '\uf7c1'
+    '\uf7c2'
+    '\uf7c3'
+    '\uf7c4'
+    '\uf7c5'
+    '\uf7c6'
+    '\uf7c7'
+    '\uf7c8'
+    '\uf7c9'
+    '\uf7ca'
+    '\uf7cb'
+    '\uf7cc'
+    '\uf7cd'
+    '\uf7ce'
+    '\uf7cf'
+    '\uf7d0'
+    '\uf7d1'
+    '\uf7d2'
+    '\uf7d3'
+    '\uf7d4'
+    '\uf7d5'
+    '\uf7d6'
+    '\uf7d7'
+    '\uf7d8'
+    '\uf7d9'
+    '\uf7da'
+    '\uf7db'
+    '\uf7dc'
+    '\uf7dd'
+    '\uf7de'
+    '\uf7df'
+    '\uf7e0'
+    '\uf7e1'
+    '\uf7e2'
+    '\uf7e3'
+    '\uf7e4'
+    '\uf7e5'
+    '\uf7e6'
+    '\uf7e7'
+    '\uf7e8'
+    '\uf7e9'
+    '\uf7ea'
+    '\uf7eb'
+    '\uf7ec'
+    '\uf7ed'
+    '\uf7ee'
+    '\uf7ef'
+    '\uf7f0'
+    '\uf7f1'
+    '\uf7f2'
+    '\uf7f3'
+    '\uf7f4'
+    '\uf7f5'
+    '\uf7f6'
+    '\uf7f7'
+    '\uf7f8'
+    '\uf7f9'
+    '\uf7fa'
+    '\uf7fb'
+    '\uf7fc'
+    '\uf7fd'
+    '\uf7fe'
+    '\uf7ff'
+)
+
+### Encoding table
+encoding_table = codecs.charmap_build(decoding_table)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..493b53e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/py.typed
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pip is a command line program. While it is implemented in Python, and so is
+available for import, you must not use pip's internal APIs in this way. Typing
+information is provided as a convenience only and is not a guarantee. Expect
+unannounced changes to the API and types in releases.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f98516d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3303 @@
+"""
+Package resource API
+--------------------
+
+A resource is a logical file contained within a package, or a logical
+subdirectory thereof.  The package resource API expects resource names
+to have their path parts separated with ``/``, *not* whatever the local
+path separator is.  Do not use os.path operations to manipulate resource
+names being passed into the API.
+
+The package resource API is designed to work with normal filesystem packages,
+.egg files, and unpacked .egg files.  It can also work in a limited way with
+.zip files and with custom PEP 302 loaders that support the ``get_data()``
+method.
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+import io
+import time
+import re
+import types
+import zipfile
+import zipimport
+import warnings
+import stat
+import functools
+import pkgutil
+import operator
+import platform
+import collections
+import plistlib
+import email.parser
+import errno
+import tempfile
+import textwrap
+import itertools
+import inspect
+import ntpath
+import posixpath
+import importlib
+from pkgutil import get_importer
+
+try:
+    import _imp
+except ImportError:
+    # Python 3.2 compatibility
+    import imp as _imp
+
+try:
+    FileExistsError
+except NameError:
+    FileExistsError = OSError
+
+# capture these to bypass sandboxing
+from os import utime
+try:
+    from os import mkdir, rename, unlink
+    WRITE_SUPPORT = True
+except ImportError:
+    # no write support, probably under GAE
+    WRITE_SUPPORT = False
+
+from os import open as os_open
+from os.path import isdir, split
+
+try:
+    import importlib.machinery as importlib_machinery
+    # access attribute to force import under delayed import mechanisms.
+    importlib_machinery.__name__
+except ImportError:
+    importlib_machinery = None
+
+from pkg_resources.extern import appdirs
+from pkg_resources.extern import packaging
+__import__('pkg_resources.extern.packaging.version')
+__import__('pkg_resources.extern.packaging.specifiers')
+__import__('pkg_resources.extern.packaging.requirements')
+__import__('pkg_resources.extern.packaging.markers')
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 5):
+    raise RuntimeError("Python 3.5 or later is required")
+
+# declare some globals that will be defined later to
+# satisfy the linters.
+require = None
+working_set = None
+add_activation_listener = None
+resources_stream = None
+cleanup_resources = None
+resource_dir = None
+resource_stream = None
+set_extraction_path = None
+resource_isdir = None
+resource_string = None
+iter_entry_points = None
+resource_listdir = None
+resource_filename = None
+resource_exists = None
+_distribution_finders = None
+_namespace_handlers = None
+_namespace_packages = None
+
+
+class PEP440Warning(RuntimeWarning):
+    """
+    Used when there is an issue with a version or specifier not complying with
+    PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+def parse_version(v):
+    try:
+        return packaging.version.Version(v)
+    except packaging.version.InvalidVersion:
+        warnings.warn(
+            f"{v} is an invalid version and will not be supported in "
+            "a future release",
+            PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return packaging.version.LegacyVersion(v)
+
+
+_state_vars = {}
+
+
+def _declare_state(vartype, **kw):
+    globals().update(kw)
+    _state_vars.update(dict.fromkeys(kw, vartype))
+
+
+def __getstate__():
+    state = {}
+    g = globals()
+    for k, v in _state_vars.items():
+        state[k] = g['_sget_' + v](g[k])
+    return state
+
+
+def __setstate__(state):
+    g = globals()
+    for k, v in state.items():
+        g['_sset_' + _state_vars[k]](k, g[k], v)
+    return state
+
+
+def _sget_dict(val):
+    return val.copy()
+
+
+def _sset_dict(key, ob, state):
+    ob.clear()
+    ob.update(state)
+
+
+def _sget_object(val):
+    return val.__getstate__()
+
+
+def _sset_object(key, ob, state):
+    ob.__setstate__(state)
+
+
+_sget_none = _sset_none = lambda *args: None
+
+
+def get_supported_platform():
+    """Return this platform's maximum compatible version.
+
+    distutils.util.get_platform() normally reports the minimum version
+    of macOS that would be required to *use* extensions produced by
+    distutils.  But what we want when checking compatibility is to know the
+    version of macOS that we are *running*.  To allow usage of packages that
+    explicitly require a newer version of macOS, we must also know the
+    current version of the OS.
+
+    If this condition occurs for any other platform with a version in its
+    platform strings, this function should be extended accordingly.
+    """
+    plat = get_build_platform()
+    m = macosVersionString.match(plat)
+    if m is not None and sys.platform == "darwin":
+        try:
+            plat = 'macosx-%s-%s' % ('.'.join(_macos_vers()[:2]), m.group(3))
+        except ValueError:
+            # not macOS
+            pass
+    return plat
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    # Basic resource access and distribution/entry point discovery
+    'require', 'run_script', 'get_provider', 'get_distribution',
+    'load_entry_point', 'get_entry_map', 'get_entry_info',
+    'iter_entry_points',
+    'resource_string', 'resource_stream', 'resource_filename',
+    'resource_listdir', 'resource_exists', 'resource_isdir',
+
+    # Environmental control
+    'declare_namespace', 'working_set', 'add_activation_listener',
+    'find_distributions', 'set_extraction_path', 'cleanup_resources',
+    'get_default_cache',
+
+    # Primary implementation classes
+    'Environment', 'WorkingSet', 'ResourceManager',
+    'Distribution', 'Requirement', 'EntryPoint',
+
+    # Exceptions
+    'ResolutionError', 'VersionConflict', 'DistributionNotFound',
+    'UnknownExtra', 'ExtractionError',
+
+    # Warnings
+    'PEP440Warning',
+
+    # Parsing functions and string utilities
+    'parse_requirements', 'parse_version', 'safe_name', 'safe_version',
+    'get_platform', 'compatible_platforms', 'yield_lines', 'split_sections',
+    'safe_extra', 'to_filename', 'invalid_marker', 'evaluate_marker',
+
+    # filesystem utilities
+    'ensure_directory', 'normalize_path',
+
+    # Distribution "precedence" constants
+    'EGG_DIST', 'BINARY_DIST', 'SOURCE_DIST', 'CHECKOUT_DIST', 'DEVELOP_DIST',
+
+    # "Provider" interfaces, implementations, and registration/lookup APIs
+    'IMetadataProvider', 'IResourceProvider', 'FileMetadata',
+    'PathMetadata', 'EggMetadata', 'EmptyProvider', 'empty_provider',
+    'NullProvider', 'EggProvider', 'DefaultProvider', 'ZipProvider',
+    'register_finder', 'register_namespace_handler', 'register_loader_type',
+    'fixup_namespace_packages', 'get_importer',
+
+    # Warnings
+    'PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning',
+
+    # Deprecated/backward compatibility only
+    'run_main', 'AvailableDistributions',
+]
+
+
+class ResolutionError(Exception):
+    """Abstract base for dependency resolution errors"""
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + repr(self.args)
+
+
+class VersionConflict(ResolutionError):
+    """
+    An already-installed version conflicts with the requested version.
+
+    Should be initialized with the installed Distribution and the requested
+    Requirement.
+    """
+
+    _template = "{self.dist} is installed but {self.req} is required"
+
+    @property
+    def dist(self):
+        return self.args[0]
+
+    @property
+    def req(self):
+        return self.args[1]
+
+    def report(self):
+        return self._template.format(**locals())
+
+    def with_context(self, required_by):
+        """
+        If required_by is non-empty, return a version of self that is a
+        ContextualVersionConflict.
+        """
+        if not required_by:
+            return self
+        args = self.args + (required_by,)
+        return ContextualVersionConflict(*args)
+
+
+class ContextualVersionConflict(VersionConflict):
+    """
+    A VersionConflict that accepts a third parameter, the set of the
+    requirements that required the installed Distribution.
+    """
+
+    _template = VersionConflict._template + ' by {self.required_by}'
+
+    @property
+    def required_by(self):
+        return self.args[2]
+
+
+class DistributionNotFound(ResolutionError):
+    """A requested distribution was not found"""
+
+    _template = ("The '{self.req}' distribution was not found "
+                 "and is required by {self.requirers_str}")
+
+    @property
+    def req(self):
+        return self.args[0]
+
+    @property
+    def requirers(self):
+        return self.args[1]
+
+    @property
+    def requirers_str(self):
+        if not self.requirers:
+            return 'the application'
+        return ', '.join(self.requirers)
+
+    def report(self):
+        return self._template.format(**locals())
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.report()
+
+
+class UnknownExtra(ResolutionError):
+    """Distribution doesn't have an "extra feature" of the given name"""
+
+
+_provider_factories = {}
+
+PY_MAJOR = '{}.{}'.format(*sys.version_info)
+EGG_DIST = 3
+BINARY_DIST = 2
+SOURCE_DIST = 1
+CHECKOUT_DIST = 0
+DEVELOP_DIST = -1
+
+
+def register_loader_type(loader_type, provider_factory):
+    """Register `provider_factory` to make providers for `loader_type`
+
+    `loader_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 ``module.__loader__``,
+    and `provider_factory` is a function that, passed a *module* object,
+    returns an ``IResourceProvider`` for that module.
+    """
+    _provider_factories[loader_type] = provider_factory
+
+
+def get_provider(moduleOrReq):
+    """Return an IResourceProvider for the named module or requirement"""
+    if isinstance(moduleOrReq, Requirement):
+        return working_set.find(moduleOrReq) or require(str(moduleOrReq))[0]
+    try:
+        module = sys.modules[moduleOrReq]
+    except KeyError:
+        __import__(moduleOrReq)
+        module = sys.modules[moduleOrReq]
+    loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+    return _find_adapter(_provider_factories, loader)(module)
+
+
+def _macos_vers(_cache=[]):
+    if not _cache:
+        version = platform.mac_ver()[0]
+        # fallback for MacPorts
+        if version == '':
+            plist = '/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist'
+            if os.path.exists(plist):
+                if hasattr(plistlib, 'readPlist'):
+                    plist_content = plistlib.readPlist(plist)
+                    if 'ProductVersion' in plist_content:
+                        version = plist_content['ProductVersion']
+
+        _cache.append(version.split('.'))
+    return _cache[0]
+
+
+def _macos_arch(machine):
+    return {'PowerPC': 'ppc', 'Power_Macintosh': 'ppc'}.get(machine, machine)
+
+
+def get_build_platform():
+    """Return this platform's string for platform-specific distributions
+
+    XXX Currently this is the same as ``distutils.util.get_platform()``, but it
+    needs some hacks for Linux and macOS.
+    """
+    from sysconfig import get_platform
+
+    plat = get_platform()
+    if sys.platform == "darwin" and not plat.startswith('macosx-'):
+        try:
+            version = _macos_vers()
+            machine = os.uname()[4].replace(" ", "_")
+            return "macosx-%d.%d-%s" % (
+                int(version[0]), int(version[1]),
+                _macos_arch(machine),
+            )
+        except ValueError:
+            # if someone is running a non-Mac darwin system, this will fall
+            # through to the default implementation
+            pass
+    return plat
+
+
+macosVersionString = re.compile(r"macosx-(\d+)\.(\d+)-(.*)")
+darwinVersionString = re.compile(r"darwin-(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)-(.*)")
+# XXX backward compat
+get_platform = get_build_platform
+
+
+def compatible_platforms(provided, required):
+    """Can code for the `provided` platform run on the `required` platform?
+
+    Returns true if either platform is ``None``, or the platforms are equal.
+
+    XXX Needs compatibility checks for Linux and other unixy OSes.
+    """
+    if provided is None or required is None or provided == required:
+        # easy case
+        return True
+
+    # macOS special cases
+    reqMac = macosVersionString.match(required)
+    if reqMac:
+        provMac = macosVersionString.match(provided)
+
+        # is this a Mac package?
+        if not provMac:
+            # this is backwards compatibility for packages built before
+            # setuptools 0.6. All packages built after this point will
+            # use the new macOS designation.
+            provDarwin = darwinVersionString.match(provided)
+            if provDarwin:
+                dversion = int(provDarwin.group(1))
+                macosversion = "%s.%s" % (reqMac.group(1), reqMac.group(2))
+                if dversion == 7 and macosversion >= "10.3" or \
+                        dversion == 8 and macosversion >= "10.4":
+                    return True
+            # egg isn't macOS or legacy darwin
+            return False
+
+        # are they the same major version and machine type?
+        if provMac.group(1) != reqMac.group(1) or \
+                provMac.group(3) != reqMac.group(3):
+            return False
+
+        # is the required OS major update >= the provided one?
+        if int(provMac.group(2)) > int(reqMac.group(2)):
+            return False
+
+        return True
+
+    # XXX Linux and other platforms' special cases should go here
+    return False
+
+
+def run_script(dist_spec, script_name):
+    """Locate distribution `dist_spec` and run its `script_name` script"""
+    ns = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
+    name = ns['__name__']
+    ns.clear()
+    ns['__name__'] = name
+    require(dist_spec)[0].run_script(script_name, ns)
+
+
+# backward compatibility
+run_main = run_script
+
+
+def get_distribution(dist):
+    """Return a current distribution object for a Requirement or string"""
+    if isinstance(dist, str):
+        dist = Requirement.parse(dist)
+    if isinstance(dist, Requirement):
+        dist = get_provider(dist)
+    if not isinstance(dist, Distribution):
+        raise TypeError("Expected string, Requirement, or Distribution", dist)
+    return dist
+
+
+def load_entry_point(dist, group, name):
+    """Return `name` entry point of `group` for `dist` or raise ImportError"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
+
+
+def get_entry_map(dist, group=None):
+    """Return the entry point map for `group`, or the full entry map"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).get_entry_map(group)
+
+
+def get_entry_info(dist, group, name):
+    """Return the EntryPoint object for `group`+`name`, or ``None``"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).get_entry_info(group, name)
+
+
+class IMetadataProvider:
+    def has_metadata(name):
+        """Does the package's distribution contain the named metadata?"""
+
+    def get_metadata(name):
+        """The named metadata resource as a string"""
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(name):
+        """Yield named metadata resource as list of non-blank non-comment lines
+
+       Leading and trailing whitespace is stripped from each line, and lines
+       with ``#`` as the first non-blank character are omitted."""
+
+    def metadata_isdir(name):
+        """Is the named metadata a directory?  (like ``os.path.isdir()``)"""
+
+    def metadata_listdir(name):
+        """List of metadata names in the directory (like ``os.listdir()``)"""
+
+    def run_script(script_name, namespace):
+        """Execute the named script in the supplied namespace dictionary"""
+
+
+class IResourceProvider(IMetadataProvider):
+    """An object that provides access to package resources"""
+
+    def get_resource_filename(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a true filesystem path for `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def get_resource_stream(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a readable file-like object for `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def get_resource_string(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a string containing the contents of `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def has_resource(resource_name):
+        """Does the package contain the named resource?"""
+
+    def resource_isdir(resource_name):
+        """Is the named resource a directory?  (like ``os.path.isdir()``)"""
+
+    def resource_listdir(resource_name):
+        """List of resource names in the directory (like ``os.listdir()``)"""
+
+
+class WorkingSet:
+    """A collection of active distributions on sys.path (or a similar list)"""
+
+    def __init__(self, entries=None):
+        """Create working set from list of path entries (default=sys.path)"""
+        self.entries = []
+        self.entry_keys = {}
+        self.by_key = {}
+        self.callbacks = []
+
+        if entries is None:
+            entries = sys.path
+
+        for entry in entries:
+            self.add_entry(entry)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_master(cls):
+        """
+        Prepare the master working set.
+        """
+        ws = cls()
+        try:
+            from __main__ import __requires__
+        except ImportError:
+            # The main program does not list any requirements
+            return ws
+
+        # ensure the requirements are met
+        try:
+            ws.require(__requires__)
+        except VersionConflict:
+            return cls._build_from_requirements(__requires__)
+
+        return ws
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_from_requirements(cls, req_spec):
+        """
+        Build a working set from a requirement spec. Rewrites sys.path.
+        """
+        # try it without defaults already on sys.path
+        # by starting with an empty path
+        ws = cls([])
+        reqs = parse_requirements(req_spec)
+        dists = ws.resolve(reqs, Environment())
+        for dist in dists:
+            ws.add(dist)
+
+        # add any missing entries from sys.path
+        for entry in sys.path:
+            if entry not in ws.entries:
+                ws.add_entry(entry)
+
+        # then copy back to sys.path
+        sys.path[:] = ws.entries
+        return ws
+
+    def add_entry(self, entry):
+        """Add a path item to ``.entries``, finding any distributions on it
+
+        ``find_distributions(entry, True)`` is used to find distributions
+        corresponding to the path entry, and they are added.  `entry` is
+        always appended to ``.entries``, even if it is already present.
+        (This is because ``sys.path`` can contain the same value more than
+        once, and the ``.entries`` of the ``sys.path`` WorkingSet should always
+        equal ``sys.path``.)
+        """
+        self.entry_keys.setdefault(entry, [])
+        self.entries.append(entry)
+        for dist in find_distributions(entry, True):
+            self.add(dist, entry, False)
+
+    def __contains__(self, dist):
+        """True if `dist` is the active distribution for its project"""
+        return self.by_key.get(dist.key) == dist
+
+    def find(self, req):
+        """Find a distribution matching requirement `req`
+
+        If there is an active distribution for the requested project, this
+        returns it as long as it meets the version requirement specified by
+        `req`.  But, if there is an active distribution for the project and it
+        does *not* meet the `req` requirement, ``VersionConflict`` is raised.
+        If there is no active distribution for the requested project, ``None``
+        is returned.
+        """
+        dist = self.by_key.get(req.key)
+        if dist is not None and dist not in req:
+            # XXX add more info
+            raise VersionConflict(dist, req)
+        return dist
+
+    def iter_entry_points(self, group, name=None):
+        """Yield entry point objects from `group` matching `name`
+
+        If `name` is None, yields all entry points in `group` from all
+        distributions in the working set, otherwise only ones matching
+        both `group` and `name` are yielded (in distribution order).
+        """
+        return (
+            entry
+            for dist in self
+            for entry in dist.get_entry_map(group).values()
+            if name is None or name == entry.name
+        )
+
+    def run_script(self, requires, script_name):
+        """Locate distribution for `requires` and run `script_name` script"""
+        ns = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
+        name = ns['__name__']
+        ns.clear()
+        ns['__name__'] = name
+        self.require(requires)[0].run_script(script_name, ns)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield distributions for non-duplicate projects in the working set
+
+        The yield order is the order in which the items' path entries were
+        added to the working set.
+        """
+        seen = {}
+        for item in self.entries:
+            if item not in self.entry_keys:
+                # workaround a cache issue
+                continue
+
+            for key in self.entry_keys[item]:
+                if key not in seen:
+                    seen[key] = 1
+                    yield self.by_key[key]
+
+    def add(self, dist, entry=None, insert=True, replace=False):
+        """Add `dist` to working set, associated with `entry`
+
+        If `entry` is unspecified, it defaults to the ``.location`` of `dist`.
+        On exit from this routine, `entry` is added to the end of the working
+        set's ``.entries`` (if it wasn't already present).
+
+        `dist` is only added to the working set if it's for a project that
+        doesn't already have a distribution in the set, unless `replace=True`.
+        If it's added, any callbacks registered with the ``subscribe()`` method
+        will be called.
+        """
+        if insert:
+            dist.insert_on(self.entries, entry, replace=replace)
+
+        if entry is None:
+            entry = dist.location
+        keys = self.entry_keys.setdefault(entry, [])
+        keys2 = self.entry_keys.setdefault(dist.location, [])
+        if not replace and dist.key in self.by_key:
+            # ignore hidden distros
+            return
+
+        self.by_key[dist.key] = dist
+        if dist.key not in keys:
+            keys.append(dist.key)
+        if dist.key not in keys2:
+            keys2.append(dist.key)
+        self._added_new(dist)
+
+    # FIXME: 'WorkingSet.resolve' is too complex (11)
+    def resolve(self, requirements, env=None, installer=None,  # noqa: C901
+                replace_conflicting=False, extras=None):
+        """List all distributions needed to (recursively) meet `requirements`
+
+        `requirements` must be a sequence of ``Requirement`` objects.  `env`,
+        if supplied, should be an ``Environment`` instance.  If
+        not supplied, it defaults to all distributions available within any
+        entry or distribution in the working set.  `installer`, if supplied,
+        will be invoked with each requirement that cannot be met by an
+        already-installed distribution; it should return a ``Distribution`` or
+        ``None``.
+
+        Unless `replace_conflicting=True`, raises a VersionConflict exception
+        if
+        any requirements are found on the path that have the correct name but
+        the wrong version.  Otherwise, if an `installer` is supplied it will be
+        invoked to obtain the correct version of the requirement and activate
+        it.
+
+        `extras` is a list of the extras to be used with these requirements.
+        This is important because extra requirements may look like `my_req;
+        extra = "my_extra"`, which would otherwise be interpreted as a purely
+        optional requirement.  Instead, we want to be able to assert that these
+        requirements are truly required.
+        """
+
+        # set up the stack
+        requirements = list(requirements)[::-1]
+        # set of processed requirements
+        processed = {}
+        # key -> dist
+        best = {}
+        to_activate = []
+
+        req_extras = _ReqExtras()
+
+        # Mapping of requirement to set of distributions that required it;
+        # useful for reporting info about conflicts.
+        required_by = collections.defaultdict(set)
+
+        while requirements:
+            # process dependencies breadth-first
+            req = requirements.pop(0)
+            if req in processed:
+                # Ignore cyclic or redundant dependencies
+                continue
+
+            if not req_extras.markers_pass(req, extras):
+                continue
+
+            dist = best.get(req.key)
+            if dist is None:
+                # Find the best distribution and add it to the map
+                dist = self.by_key.get(req.key)
+                if dist is None or (dist not in req and replace_conflicting):
+                    ws = self
+                    if env is None:
+                        if dist is None:
+                            env = Environment(self.entries)
+                        else:
+                            # Use an empty environment and workingset to avoid
+                            # any further conflicts with the conflicting
+                            # distribution
+                            env = Environment([])
+                            ws = WorkingSet([])
+                    dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(
+                        req, ws, installer,
+                        replace_conflicting=replace_conflicting
+                    )
+                    if dist is None:
+                        requirers = required_by.get(req, None)
+                        raise DistributionNotFound(req, requirers)
+                to_activate.append(dist)
+            if dist not in req:
+                # Oops, the "best" so far conflicts with a dependency
+                dependent_req = required_by[req]
+                raise VersionConflict(dist, req).with_context(dependent_req)
+
+            # push the new requirements onto the stack
+            new_requirements = dist.requires(req.extras)[::-1]
+            requirements.extend(new_requirements)
+
+            # Register the new requirements needed by req
+            for new_requirement in new_requirements:
+                required_by[new_requirement].add(req.project_name)
+                req_extras[new_requirement] = req.extras
+
+            processed[req] = True
+
+        # return list of distros to activate
+        return to_activate
+
+    def find_plugins(
+            self, plugin_env, full_env=None, installer=None, fallback=True):
+        """Find all activatable distributions in `plugin_env`
+
+        Example usage::
+
+            distributions, errors = working_set.find_plugins(
+                Environment(plugin_dirlist)
+            )
+            # add plugins+libs to sys.path
+            map(working_set.add, distributions)
+            # display errors
+            print('Could not load', errors)
+
+        The `plugin_env` should be an ``Environment`` instance that contains
+        only distributions that are in the project's "plugin directory" or
+        directories. The `full_env`, if supplied, should be an ``Environment``
+        contains all currently-available distributions.  If `full_env` is not
+        supplied, one is created automatically from the ``WorkingSet`` this
+        method is called on, which will typically mean that every directory on
+        ``sys.path`` will be scanned for distributions.
+
+        `installer` is a standard installer callback as used by the
+        ``resolve()`` method. The `fallback` flag indicates whether we should
+        attempt to resolve older versions of a plugin if the newest version
+        cannot be resolved.
+
+        This method returns a 2-tuple: (`distributions`, `error_info`), where
+        `distributions` is a list of the distributions found in `plugin_env`
+        that were loadable, along with any other distributions that are needed
+        to resolve their dependencies.  `error_info` is a dictionary mapping
+        unloadable plugin distributions to an exception instance describing the
+        error that occurred. Usually this will be a ``DistributionNotFound`` or
+        ``VersionConflict`` instance.
+        """
+
+        plugin_projects = list(plugin_env)
+        # scan project names in alphabetic order
+        plugin_projects.sort()
+
+        error_info = {}
+        distributions = {}
+
+        if full_env is None:
+            env = Environment(self.entries)
+            env += plugin_env
+        else:
+            env = full_env + plugin_env
+
+        shadow_set = self.__class__([])
+        # put all our entries in shadow_set
+        list(map(shadow_set.add, self))
+
+        for project_name in plugin_projects:
+
+            for dist in plugin_env[project_name]:
+
+                req = [dist.as_requirement()]
+
+                try:
+                    resolvees = shadow_set.resolve(req, env, installer)
+
+                except ResolutionError as v:
+                    # save error info
+                    error_info[dist] = v
+                    if fallback:
+                        # try the next older version of project
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        # give up on this project, keep going
+                        break
+
+                else:
+                    list(map(shadow_set.add, resolvees))
+                    distributions.update(dict.fromkeys(resolvees))
+
+                    # success, no need to try any more versions of this project
+                    break
+
+        distributions = list(distributions)
+        distributions.sort()
+
+        return distributions, error_info
+
+    def require(self, *requirements):
+        """Ensure that distributions matching `requirements` are activated
+
+        `requirements` must be a string or a (possibly-nested) sequence
+        thereof, specifying the distributions and versions required.  The
+        return value is a sequence of the distributions that needed to be
+        activated to fulfill the requirements; all relevant distributions are
+        included, even if they were already activated in this working set.
+        """
+        needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
+
+        for dist in needed:
+            self.add(dist)
+
+        return needed
+
+    def subscribe(self, callback, existing=True):
+        """Invoke `callback` for all distributions
+
+        If `existing=True` (default),
+        call on all existing ones, as well.
+        """
+        if callback in self.callbacks:
+            return
+        self.callbacks.append(callback)
+        if not existing:
+            return
+        for dist in self:
+            callback(dist)
+
+    def _added_new(self, dist):
+        for callback in self.callbacks:
+            callback(dist)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return (
+            self.entries[:], self.entry_keys.copy(), self.by_key.copy(),
+            self.callbacks[:]
+        )
+
+    def __setstate__(self, e_k_b_c):
+        entries, keys, by_key, callbacks = e_k_b_c
+        self.entries = entries[:]
+        self.entry_keys = keys.copy()
+        self.by_key = by_key.copy()
+        self.callbacks = callbacks[:]
+
+
+class _ReqExtras(dict):
+    """
+    Map each requirement to the extras that demanded it.
+    """
+
+    def markers_pass(self, req, extras=None):
+        """
+        Evaluate markers for req against each extra that
+        demanded it.
+
+        Return False if the req has a marker and fails
+        evaluation. Otherwise, return True.
+        """
+        extra_evals = (
+            req.marker.evaluate({'extra': extra})
+            for extra in self.get(req, ()) + (extras or (None,))
+        )
+        return not req.marker or any(extra_evals)
+
+
+class Environment:
+    """Searchable snapshot of distributions on a search path"""
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, search_path=None, platform=get_supported_platform(),
+            python=PY_MAJOR):
+        """Snapshot distributions available on a search path
+
+        Any distributions found on `search_path` are added to the environment.
+        `search_path` should be a sequence of ``sys.path`` items.  If not
+        supplied, ``sys.path`` is used.
+
+        `platform` is an optional string specifying the name of the platform
+        that platform-specific distributions must be compatible with.  If
+        unspecified, it defaults to the current platform.  `python` is an
+        optional string naming the desired version of Python (e.g. ``'3.6'``);
+        it defaults to the current version.
+
+        You may explicitly set `platform` (and/or `python`) to ``None`` if you
+        wish to map *all* distributions, not just those compatible with the
+        running platform or Python version.
+        """
+        self._distmap = {}
+        self.platform = platform
+        self.python = python
+        self.scan(search_path)
+
+    def can_add(self, dist):
+        """Is distribution `dist` acceptable for this environment?
+
+        The distribution must match the platform and python version
+        requirements specified when this environment was created, or False
+        is returned.
+        """
+        py_compat = (
+            self.python is None
+            or dist.py_version is None
+            or dist.py_version == self.python
+        )
+        return py_compat and compatible_platforms(dist.platform, self.platform)
+
+    def remove(self, dist):
+        """Remove `dist` from the environment"""
+        self._distmap[dist.key].remove(dist)
+
+    def scan(self, search_path=None):
+        """Scan `search_path` for distributions usable in this environment
+
+        Any distributions found are added to the environment.
+        `search_path` should be a sequence of ``sys.path`` items.  If not
+        supplied, ``sys.path`` is used.  Only distributions conforming to
+        the platform/python version defined at initialization are added.
+        """
+        if search_path is None:
+            search_path = sys.path
+
+        for item in search_path:
+            for dist in find_distributions(item):
+                self.add(dist)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, project_name):
+        """Return a newest-to-oldest list of distributions for `project_name`
+
+        Uses case-insensitive `project_name` comparison, assuming all the
+        project's distributions use their project's name converted to all
+        lowercase as their key.
+
+        """
+        distribution_key = project_name.lower()
+        return self._distmap.get(distribution_key, [])
+
+    def add(self, dist):
+        """Add `dist` if we ``can_add()`` it and it has not already been added
+        """
+        if self.can_add(dist) and dist.has_version():
+            dists = self._distmap.setdefault(dist.key, [])
+            if dist not in dists:
+                dists.append(dist)
+                dists.sort(key=operator.attrgetter('hashcmp'), reverse=True)
+
+    def best_match(
+            self, req, working_set, installer=None, replace_conflicting=False):
+        """Find distribution best matching `req` and usable on `working_set`
+
+        This calls the ``find(req)`` method of the `working_set` to see if a
+        suitable distribution is already active.  (This may raise
+        ``VersionConflict`` if an unsuitable version of the project is already
+        active in the specified `working_set`.)  If a suitable distribution
+        isn't active, this method returns the newest distribution in the
+        environment that meets the ``Requirement`` in `req`.  If no suitable
+        distribution is found, and `installer` is supplied, then the result of
+        calling the environment's ``obtain(req, installer)`` method will be
+        returned.
+        """
+        try:
+            dist = working_set.find(req)
+        except VersionConflict:
+            if not replace_conflicting:
+                raise
+            dist = None
+        if dist is not None:
+            return dist
+        for dist in self[req.key]:
+            if dist in req:
+                return dist
+        # try to download/install
+        return self.obtain(req, installer)
+
+    def obtain(self, requirement, installer=None):
+        """Obtain a distribution matching `requirement` (e.g. via download)
+
+        Obtain a distro that matches requirement (e.g. via download).  In the
+        base ``Environment`` class, this routine just returns
+        ``installer(requirement)``, unless `installer` is None, in which case
+        None is returned instead.  This method is a hook that allows subclasses
+        to attempt other ways of obtaining a distribution before falling back
+        to the `installer` argument."""
+        if installer is not None:
+            return installer(requirement)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield the unique project names of the available distributions"""
+        for key in self._distmap.keys():
+            if self[key]:
+                yield key
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        """In-place addition of a distribution or environment"""
+        if isinstance(other, Distribution):
+            self.add(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, Environment):
+            for project in other:
+                for dist in other[project]:
+                    self.add(dist)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Can't add %r to environment" % (other,))
+        return self
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        """Add an environment or distribution to an environment"""
+        new = self.__class__([], platform=None, python=None)
+        for env in self, other:
+            new += env
+        return new
+
+
+# XXX backward compatibility
+AvailableDistributions = Environment
+
+
+class ExtractionError(RuntimeError):
+    """An error occurred extracting a resource
+
+    The following attributes are available from instances of this exception:
+
+    manager
+        The resource manager that raised this exception
+
+    cache_path
+        The base directory for resource extraction
+
+    original_error
+        The exception instance that caused extraction to fail
+    """
+
+
+class ResourceManager:
+    """Manage resource extraction and packages"""
+    extraction_path = None
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.cached_files = {}
+
+    def resource_exists(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Does the named resource exist?"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).has_resource(resource_name)
+
+    def resource_isdir(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Is the named resource an existing directory?"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).resource_isdir(
+            resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_filename(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return a true filesystem path for specified resource"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_filename(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_stream(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return a readable file-like object for specified resource"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_stream(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_string(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return specified resource as a string"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_string(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_listdir(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """List the contents of the named resource directory"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).resource_listdir(
+            resource_name
+        )
+
+    def extraction_error(self):
+        """Give an error message for problems extracting file(s)"""
+
+        old_exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+        cache_path = self.extraction_path or get_default_cache()
+
+        tmpl = textwrap.dedent("""
+            Can't extract file(s) to egg cache
+
+            The following error occurred while trying to extract file(s)
+            to the Python egg cache:
+
+              {old_exc}
+
+            The Python egg cache directory is currently set to:
+
+              {cache_path}
+
+            Perhaps your account does not have write access to this directory?
+            You can change the cache directory by setting the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE
+            environment variable to point to an accessible directory.
+            """).lstrip()
+        err = ExtractionError(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+        err.manager = self
+        err.cache_path = cache_path
+        err.original_error = old_exc
+        raise err
+
+    def get_cache_path(self, archive_name, names=()):
+        """Return absolute location in cache for `archive_name` and `names`
+
+        The parent directory of the resulting path will be created if it does
+        not already exist.  `archive_name` should be the base filename of the
+        enclosing egg (which may not be the name of the enclosing zipfile!),
+        including its ".egg" extension.  `names`, if provided, should be a
+        sequence of path name parts "under" the egg's extraction location.
+
+        This method should only be called by resource providers that need to
+        obtain an extraction location, and only for names they intend to
+        extract, as it tracks the generated names for possible cleanup later.
+        """
+        extract_path = self.extraction_path or get_default_cache()
+        target_path = os.path.join(extract_path, archive_name + '-tmp', *names)
+        try:
+            _bypass_ensure_directory(target_path)
+        except Exception:
+            self.extraction_error()
+
+        self._warn_unsafe_extraction_path(extract_path)
+
+        self.cached_files[target_path] = 1
+        return target_path
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _warn_unsafe_extraction_path(path):
+        """
+        If the default extraction path is overridden and set to an insecure
+        location, such as /tmp, it opens up an opportunity for an attacker to
+        replace an extracted file with an unauthorized payload. Warn the user
+        if a known insecure location is used.
+
+        See Distribute #375 for more details.
+        """
+        if os.name == 'nt' and not path.startswith(os.environ['windir']):
+            # On Windows, permissions are generally restrictive by default
+            #  and temp directories are not writable by other users, so
+            #  bypass the warning.
+            return
+        mode = os.stat(path).st_mode
+        if mode & stat.S_IWOTH or mode & stat.S_IWGRP:
+            msg = (
+                "Extraction path is writable by group/others "
+                "and vulnerable to attack when "
+                "used with get_resource_filename ({path}). "
+                "Consider a more secure "
+                "location (set with .set_extraction_path or the "
+                "PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment variable)."
+            ).format(**locals())
+            warnings.warn(msg, UserWarning)
+
+    def postprocess(self, tempname, filename):
+        """Perform any platform-specific postprocessing of `tempname`
+
+        This is where Mac header rewrites should be done; other platforms don't
+        have anything special they should do.
+
+        Resource providers should call this method ONLY after successfully
+        extracting a compressed resource.  They must NOT call it on resources
+        that are already in the filesystem.
+
+        `tempname` is the current (temporary) name of the file, and `filename`
+        is the name it will be renamed to by the caller after this routine
+        returns.
+        """
+
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            # Make the resource executable
+            mode = ((os.stat(tempname).st_mode) | 0o555) & 0o7777
+            os.chmod(tempname, mode)
+
+    def set_extraction_path(self, path):
+        """Set the base path where resources will be extracted to, if needed.
+
+        If you do not call this routine before any extractions take place, the
+        path defaults to the return value of ``get_default_cache()``.  (Which
+        is based on the ``PYTHON_EGG_CACHE`` environment variable, with various
+        platform-specific fallbacks.  See that routine's documentation for more
+        details.)
+
+        Resources are extracted to subdirectories of this path based upon
+        information given by the ``IResourceProvider``.  You may set this to a
+        temporary directory, but then you must call ``cleanup_resources()`` to
+        delete the extracted files when done.  There is no guarantee that
+        ``cleanup_resources()`` will be able to remove all extracted files.
+
+        (Note: you may not change the extraction path for a given resource
+        manager once resources have been extracted, unless you first call
+        ``cleanup_resources()``.)
+        """
+        if self.cached_files:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Can't change extraction path, files already extracted"
+            )
+
+        self.extraction_path = path
+
+    def cleanup_resources(self, force=False):
+        """
+        Delete all extracted resource files and directories, returning a list
+        of the file and directory names that could not be successfully removed.
+        This function does not have any concurrency protection, so it should
+        generally only be called when the extraction path is a temporary
+        directory exclusive to a single process.  This method is not
+        automatically called; you must call it explicitly or register it as an
+        ``atexit`` function if you wish to ensure cleanup of a temporary
+        directory used for extractions.
+        """
+        # XXX
+
+
+def get_default_cache():
+    """
+    Return the ``PYTHON_EGG_CACHE`` environment variable
+    or a platform-relevant user cache dir for an app
+    named "Python-Eggs".
+    """
+    return (
+        os.environ.get('PYTHON_EGG_CACHE')
+        or appdirs.user_cache_dir(appname='Python-Eggs')
+    )
+
+
+def safe_name(name):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard distribution name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric/. characters are replaced with a single '-'.
+    """
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', name)
+
+
+def safe_version(version):
+    """
+    Convert an arbitrary string to a standard version string
+    """
+    try:
+        # normalize the version
+        return str(packaging.version.Version(version))
+    except packaging.version.InvalidVersion:
+        version = version.replace(' ', '.')
+        return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', version)
+
+
+def safe_extra(extra):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard 'extra' name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric characters are replaced with a single '_',
+    and the result is always lowercased.
+    """
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.-]+', '_', extra).lower()
+
+
+def to_filename(name):
+    """Convert a project or version name to its filename-escaped form
+
+    Any '-' characters are currently replaced with '_'.
+    """
+    return name.replace('-', '_')
+
+
+def invalid_marker(text):
+    """
+    Validate text as a PEP 508 environment marker; return an exception
+    if invalid or False otherwise.
+    """
+    try:
+        evaluate_marker(text)
+    except SyntaxError as e:
+        e.filename = None
+        e.lineno = None
+        return e
+    return False
+
+
+def evaluate_marker(text, extra=None):
+    """
+    Evaluate a PEP 508 environment marker.
+    Return a boolean indicating the marker result in this environment.
+    Raise SyntaxError if marker is invalid.
+
+    This implementation uses the 'pyparsing' module.
+    """
+    try:
+        marker = packaging.markers.Marker(text)
+        return marker.evaluate()
+    except packaging.markers.InvalidMarker as e:
+        raise SyntaxError(e) from e
+
+
+class NullProvider:
+    """Try to implement resources and metadata for arbitrary PEP 302 loaders"""
+
+    egg_name = None
+    egg_info = None
+    loader = None
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        self.loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+        self.module_path = os.path.dirname(getattr(module, '__file__', ''))
+
+    def get_resource_filename(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name)
+
+    def get_resource_stream(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return io.BytesIO(self.get_resource_string(manager, resource_name))
+
+    def get_resource_string(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return self._get(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def has_resource(self, resource_name):
+        return self._has(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def _get_metadata_path(self, name):
+        return self._fn(self.egg_info, name)
+
+    def has_metadata(self, name):
+        if not self.egg_info:
+            return self.egg_info
+
+        path = self._get_metadata_path(name)
+        return self._has(path)
+
+    def get_metadata(self, name):
+        if not self.egg_info:
+            return ""
+        path = self._get_metadata_path(name)
+        value = self._get(path)
+        try:
+            return value.decode('utf-8')
+        except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+            # Include the path in the error message to simplify
+            # troubleshooting, and without changing the exception type.
+            exc.reason += ' in {} file at path: {}'.format(name, path)
+            raise
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(self, name):
+        return yield_lines(self.get_metadata(name))
+
+    def resource_isdir(self, resource_name):
+        return self._isdir(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def metadata_isdir(self, name):
+        return self.egg_info and self._isdir(self._fn(self.egg_info, name))
+
+    def resource_listdir(self, resource_name):
+        return self._listdir(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def metadata_listdir(self, name):
+        if self.egg_info:
+            return self._listdir(self._fn(self.egg_info, name))
+        return []
+
+    def run_script(self, script_name, namespace):
+        script = 'scripts/' + script_name
+        if not self.has_metadata(script):
+            raise ResolutionError(
+                "Script {script!r} not found in metadata at {self.egg_info!r}"
+                .format(**locals()),
+            )
+        script_text = self.get_metadata(script).replace('\r\n', '\n')
+        script_text = script_text.replace('\r', '\n')
+        script_filename = self._fn(self.egg_info, script)
+        namespace['__file__'] = script_filename
+        if os.path.exists(script_filename):
+            with open(script_filename) as fid:
+                source = fid.read()
+            code = compile(source, script_filename, 'exec')
+            exec(code, namespace, namespace)
+        else:
+            from linecache import cache
+            cache[script_filename] = (
+                len(script_text), 0, script_text.split('\n'), script_filename
+            )
+            script_code = compile(script_text, script_filename, 'exec')
+            exec(script_code, namespace, namespace)
+
+    def _has(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _isdir(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _fn(self, base, resource_name):
+        self._validate_resource_path(resource_name)
+        if resource_name:
+            return os.path.join(base, *resource_name.split('/'))
+        return base
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _validate_resource_path(path):
+        """
+        Validate the resource paths according to the docs.
+        https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html#basic-resource-access
+
+        >>> warned = getfixture('recwarn')
+        >>> warnings.simplefilter('always')
+        >>> vrp = NullProvider._validate_resource_path
+        >>> vrp('foo/bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        False
+        >>> vrp('../foo/bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        True
+        >>> warned.clear()
+        >>> vrp('/foo/bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        True
+        >>> vrp('foo/../../bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        True
+        >>> warned.clear()
+        >>> vrp('foo/f../bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        False
+
+        Windows path separators are straight-up disallowed.
+        >>> vrp(r'\\foo/bar.txt')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: Use of .. or absolute path in a resource path \
+is not allowed.
+
+        >>> vrp(r'C:\\foo/bar.txt')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: Use of .. or absolute path in a resource path \
+is not allowed.
+
+        Blank values are allowed
+
+        >>> vrp('')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        False
+
+        Non-string values are not.
+
+        >>> vrp(None)
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        AttributeError: ...
+        """
+        invalid = (
+            os.path.pardir in path.split(posixpath.sep) or
+            posixpath.isabs(path) or
+            ntpath.isabs(path)
+        )
+        if not invalid:
+            return
+
+        msg = "Use of .. or absolute path in a resource path is not allowed."
+
+        # Aggressively disallow Windows absolute paths
+        if ntpath.isabs(path) and not posixpath.isabs(path):
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        # for compatibility, warn; in future
+        # raise ValueError(msg)
+        warnings.warn(
+            msg[:-1] + " and will raise exceptions in a future release.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=4,
+        )
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        if hasattr(self.loader, 'get_data'):
+            return self.loader.get_data(path)
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for loaders without 'get_data()'"
+        )
+
+
+register_loader_type(object, NullProvider)
+
+
+def _parents(path):
+    """
+    yield all parents of path including path
+    """
+    last = None
+    while path != last:
+        yield path
+        last = path
+        path, _ = os.path.split(path)
+
+
+class EggProvider(NullProvider):
+    """Provider based on a virtual filesystem"""
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        NullProvider.__init__(self, module)
+        self._setup_prefix()
+
+    def _setup_prefix(self):
+        # Assume that metadata may be nested inside a "basket"
+        # of multiple eggs and use module_path instead of .archive.
+        eggs = filter(_is_egg_path, _parents(self.module_path))
+        egg = next(eggs, None)
+        egg and self._set_egg(egg)
+
+    def _set_egg(self, path):
+        self.egg_name = os.path.basename(path)
+        self.egg_info = os.path.join(path, 'EGG-INFO')
+        self.egg_root = path
+
+
+class DefaultProvider(EggProvider):
+    """Provides access to package resources in the filesystem"""
+
+    def _has(self, path):
+        return os.path.exists(path)
+
+    def _isdir(self, path):
+        return os.path.isdir(path)
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        return os.listdir(path)
+
+    def get_resource_stream(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return open(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name), 'rb')
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        with open(path, 'rb') as stream:
+            return stream.read()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _register(cls):
+        loader_names = 'SourceFileLoader', 'SourcelessFileLoader',
+        for name in loader_names:
+            loader_cls = getattr(importlib_machinery, name, type(None))
+            register_loader_type(loader_cls, cls)
+
+
+DefaultProvider._register()
+
+
+class EmptyProvider(NullProvider):
+    """Provider that returns nothing for all requests"""
+
+    module_path = None
+
+    _isdir = _has = lambda self, path: False
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        return ''
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        return []
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+
+empty_provider = EmptyProvider()
+
+
+class ZipManifests(dict):
+    """
+    zip manifest builder
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def build(cls, path):
+        """
+        Build a dictionary similar to the zipimport directory
+        caches, except instead of tuples, store ZipInfo objects.
+
+        Use a platform-specific path separator (os.sep) for the path keys
+        for compatibility with pypy on Windows.
+        """
+        with zipfile.ZipFile(path) as zfile:
+            items = (
+                (
+                    name.replace('/', os.sep),
+                    zfile.getinfo(name),
+                )
+                for name in zfile.namelist()
+            )
+            return dict(items)
+
+    load = build
+
+
+class MemoizedZipManifests(ZipManifests):
+    """
+    Memoized zipfile manifests.
+    """
+    manifest_mod = collections.namedtuple('manifest_mod', 'manifest mtime')
+
+    def load(self, path):
+        """
+        Load a manifest at path or return a suitable manifest already loaded.
+        """
+        path = os.path.normpath(path)
+        mtime = os.stat(path).st_mtime
+
+        if path not in self or self[path].mtime != mtime:
+            manifest = self.build(path)
+            self[path] = self.manifest_mod(manifest, mtime)
+
+        return self[path].manifest
+
+
+class ZipProvider(EggProvider):
+    """Resource support for zips and eggs"""
+
+    eagers = None
+    _zip_manifests = MemoizedZipManifests()
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        EggProvider.__init__(self, module)
+        self.zip_pre = self.loader.archive + os.sep
+
+    def _zipinfo_name(self, fspath):
+        # Convert a virtual filename (full path to file) into a zipfile subpath
+        # usable with the zipimport directory cache for our target archive
+        fspath = fspath.rstrip(os.sep)
+        if fspath == self.loader.archive:
+            return ''
+        if fspath.startswith(self.zip_pre):
+            return fspath[len(self.zip_pre):]
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "%s is not a subpath of %s" % (fspath, self.zip_pre)
+        )
+
+    def _parts(self, zip_path):
+        # Convert a zipfile subpath into an egg-relative path part list.
+        # pseudo-fs path
+        fspath = self.zip_pre + zip_path
+        if fspath.startswith(self.egg_root + os.sep):
+            return fspath[len(self.egg_root) + 1:].split(os.sep)
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "%s is not a subpath of %s" % (fspath, self.egg_root)
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def zipinfo(self):
+        return self._zip_manifests.load(self.loader.archive)
+
+    def get_resource_filename(self, manager, resource_name):
+        if not self.egg_name:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "resource_filename() only supported for .egg, not .zip"
+            )
+        # no need to lock for extraction, since we use temp names
+        zip_path = self._resource_to_zip(resource_name)
+        eagers = self._get_eager_resources()
+        if '/'.join(self._parts(zip_path)) in eagers:
+            for name in eagers:
+                self._extract_resource(manager, self._eager_to_zip(name))
+        return self._extract_resource(manager, zip_path)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_date_and_size(zip_stat):
+        size = zip_stat.file_size
+        # ymdhms+wday, yday, dst
+        date_time = zip_stat.date_time + (0, 0, -1)
+        # 1980 offset already done
+        timestamp = time.mktime(date_time)
+        return timestamp, size
+
+    # FIXME: 'ZipProvider._extract_resource' is too complex (12)
+    def _extract_resource(self, manager, zip_path):  # noqa: C901
+
+        if zip_path in self._index():
+            for name in self._index()[zip_path]:
+                last = self._extract_resource(
+                    manager, os.path.join(zip_path, name)
+                )
+            # return the extracted directory name
+            return os.path.dirname(last)
+
+        timestamp, size = self._get_date_and_size(self.zipinfo[zip_path])
+
+        if not WRITE_SUPPORT:
+            raise IOError('"os.rename" and "os.unlink" are not supported '
+                          'on this platform')
+        try:
+
+            real_path = manager.get_cache_path(
+                self.egg_name, self._parts(zip_path)
+            )
+
+            if self._is_current(real_path, zip_path):
+                return real_path
+
+            outf, tmpnam = _mkstemp(
+                ".$extract",
+                dir=os.path.dirname(real_path),
+            )
+            os.write(outf, self.loader.get_data(zip_path))
+            os.close(outf)
+            utime(tmpnam, (timestamp, timestamp))
+            manager.postprocess(tmpnam, real_path)
+
+            try:
+                rename(tmpnam, real_path)
+
+            except os.error:
+                if os.path.isfile(real_path):
+                    if self._is_current(real_path, zip_path):
+                        # the file became current since it was checked above,
+                        #  so proceed.
+                        return real_path
+                    # Windows, del old file and retry
+                    elif os.name == 'nt':
+                        unlink(real_path)
+                        rename(tmpnam, real_path)
+                        return real_path
+                raise
+
+        except os.error:
+            # report a user-friendly error
+            manager.extraction_error()
+
+        return real_path
+
+    def _is_current(self, file_path, zip_path):
+        """
+        Return True if the file_path is current for this zip_path
+        """
+        timestamp, size = self._get_date_and_size(self.zipinfo[zip_path])
+        if not os.path.isfile(file_path):
+            return False
+        stat = os.stat(file_path)
+        if stat.st_size != size or stat.st_mtime != timestamp:
+            return False
+        # check that the contents match
+        zip_contents = self.loader.get_data(zip_path)
+        with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
+            file_contents = f.read()
+        return zip_contents == file_contents
+
+    def _get_eager_resources(self):
+        if self.eagers is None:
+            eagers = []
+            for name in ('native_libs.txt', 'eager_resources.txt'):
+                if self.has_metadata(name):
+                    eagers.extend(self.get_metadata_lines(name))
+            self.eagers = eagers
+        return self.eagers
+
+    def _index(self):
+        try:
+            return self._dirindex
+        except AttributeError:
+            ind = {}
+            for path in self.zipinfo:
+                parts = path.split(os.sep)
+                while parts:
+                    parent = os.sep.join(parts[:-1])
+                    if parent in ind:
+                        ind[parent].append(parts[-1])
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        ind[parent] = [parts.pop()]
+            self._dirindex = ind
+            return ind
+
+    def _has(self, fspath):
+        zip_path = self._zipinfo_name(fspath)
+        return zip_path in self.zipinfo or zip_path in self._index()
+
+    def _isdir(self, fspath):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(fspath) in self._index()
+
+    def _listdir(self, fspath):
+        return list(self._index().get(self._zipinfo_name(fspath), ()))
+
+    def _eager_to_zip(self, resource_name):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(self._fn(self.egg_root, resource_name))
+
+    def _resource_to_zip(self, resource_name):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+
+register_loader_type(zipimport.zipimporter, ZipProvider)
+
+
+class FileMetadata(EmptyProvider):
+    """Metadata handler for standalone PKG-INFO files
+
+    Usage::
+
+        metadata = FileMetadata("/path/to/PKG-INFO")
+
+    This provider rejects all data and metadata requests except for PKG-INFO,
+    which is treated as existing, and will be the contents of the file at
+    the provided location.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path):
+        self.path = path
+
+    def _get_metadata_path(self, name):
+        return self.path
+
+    def has_metadata(self, name):
+        return name == 'PKG-INFO' and os.path.isfile(self.path)
+
+    def get_metadata(self, name):
+        if name != 'PKG-INFO':
+            raise KeyError("No metadata except PKG-INFO is available")
+
+        with io.open(self.path, encoding='utf-8', errors="replace") as f:
+            metadata = f.read()
+        self._warn_on_replacement(metadata)
+        return metadata
+
+    def _warn_on_replacement(self, metadata):
+        replacement_char = '�'
+        if replacement_char in metadata:
+            tmpl = "{self.path} could not be properly decoded in UTF-8"
+            msg = tmpl.format(**locals())
+            warnings.warn(msg)
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(self, name):
+        return yield_lines(self.get_metadata(name))
+
+
+class PathMetadata(DefaultProvider):
+    """Metadata provider for egg directories
+
+    Usage::
+
+        # Development eggs:
+
+        egg_info = "/path/to/PackageName.egg-info"
+        base_dir = os.path.dirname(egg_info)
+        metadata = PathMetadata(base_dir, egg_info)
+        dist_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(egg_info))[0]
+        dist = Distribution(basedir, project_name=dist_name, metadata=metadata)
+
+        # Unpacked egg directories:
+
+        egg_path = "/path/to/PackageName-ver-pyver-etc.egg"
+        metadata = PathMetadata(egg_path, os.path.join(egg_path,'EGG-INFO'))
+        dist = Distribution.from_filename(egg_path, metadata=metadata)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path, egg_info):
+        self.module_path = path
+        self.egg_info = egg_info
+
+
+class EggMetadata(ZipProvider):
+    """Metadata provider for .egg files"""
+
+    def __init__(self, importer):
+        """Create a metadata provider from a zipimporter"""
+
+        self.zip_pre = importer.archive + os.sep
+        self.loader = importer
+        if importer.prefix:
+            self.module_path = os.path.join(importer.archive, importer.prefix)
+        else:
+            self.module_path = importer.archive
+        self._setup_prefix()
+
+
+_declare_state('dict', _distribution_finders={})
+
+
+def register_finder(importer_type, distribution_finder):
+    """Register `distribution_finder` to find distributions in sys.path items
+
+    `importer_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 "Importer" (sys.path item
+    handler), and `distribution_finder` is a callable that, passed a path
+    item and the importer instance, yields ``Distribution`` instances found on
+    that path item.  See ``pkg_resources.find_on_path`` for an example."""
+    _distribution_finders[importer_type] = distribution_finder
+
+
+def find_distributions(path_item, only=False):
+    """Yield distributions accessible via `path_item`"""
+    importer = get_importer(path_item)
+    finder = _find_adapter(_distribution_finders, importer)
+    return finder(importer, path_item, only)
+
+
+def find_eggs_in_zip(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    """
+    Find eggs in zip files; possibly multiple nested eggs.
+    """
+    if importer.archive.endswith('.whl'):
+        # wheels are not supported with this finder
+        # they don't have PKG-INFO metadata, and won't ever contain eggs
+        return
+    metadata = EggMetadata(importer)
+    if metadata.has_metadata('PKG-INFO'):
+        yield Distribution.from_filename(path_item, metadata=metadata)
+    if only:
+        # don't yield nested distros
+        return
+    for subitem in metadata.resource_listdir(''):
+        if _is_egg_path(subitem):
+            subpath = os.path.join(path_item, subitem)
+            dists = find_eggs_in_zip(zipimport.zipimporter(subpath), subpath)
+            for dist in dists:
+                yield dist
+        elif subitem.lower().endswith(('.dist-info', '.egg-info')):
+            subpath = os.path.join(path_item, subitem)
+            submeta = EggMetadata(zipimport.zipimporter(subpath))
+            submeta.egg_info = subpath
+            yield Distribution.from_location(path_item, subitem, submeta)
+
+
+register_finder(zipimport.zipimporter, find_eggs_in_zip)
+
+
+def find_nothing(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    return ()
+
+
+register_finder(object, find_nothing)
+
+
+def _by_version_descending(names):
+    """
+    Given a list of filenames, return them in descending order
+    by version number.
+
+    >>> names = 'bar', 'foo', 'Python-2.7.10.egg', 'Python-2.7.2.egg'
+    >>> _by_version_descending(names)
+    ['Python-2.7.10.egg', 'Python-2.7.2.egg', 'bar', 'foo']
+    >>> names = 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3.egg'
+    >>> _by_version_descending(names)
+    ['Setuptools-1.2.3.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg']
+    >>> names = 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3.post1.egg'
+    >>> _by_version_descending(names)
+    ['Setuptools-1.2.3.post1.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg']
+    """
+    def try_parse(name):
+        """
+        Attempt to parse as a version or return a null version.
+        """
+        try:
+            return packaging.version.Version(name)
+        except Exception:
+            return packaging.version.Version('0')
+
+    def _by_version(name):
+        """
+        Parse each component of the filename
+        """
+        name, ext = os.path.splitext(name)
+        parts = itertools.chain(name.split('-'), [ext])
+        return [try_parse(part) for part in parts]
+
+    return sorted(names, key=_by_version, reverse=True)
+
+
+def find_on_path(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    """Yield distributions accessible on a sys.path directory"""
+    path_item = _normalize_cached(path_item)
+
+    if _is_unpacked_egg(path_item):
+        yield Distribution.from_filename(
+            path_item, metadata=PathMetadata(
+                path_item, os.path.join(path_item, 'EGG-INFO')
+            )
+        )
+        return
+
+    entries = (
+        os.path.join(path_item, child)
+        for child in safe_listdir(path_item)
+    )
+
+    # for performance, before sorting by version,
+    # screen entries for only those that will yield
+    # distributions
+    filtered = (
+        entry
+        for entry in entries
+        if dist_factory(path_item, entry, only)
+    )
+
+    # scan for .egg and .egg-info in directory
+    path_item_entries = _by_version_descending(filtered)
+    for entry in path_item_entries:
+        fullpath = os.path.join(path_item, entry)
+        factory = dist_factory(path_item, entry, only)
+        for dist in factory(fullpath):
+            yield dist
+
+
+def dist_factory(path_item, entry, only):
+    """Return a dist_factory for the given entry."""
+    lower = entry.lower()
+    is_egg_info = lower.endswith('.egg-info')
+    is_dist_info = (
+        lower.endswith('.dist-info') and
+        os.path.isdir(os.path.join(path_item, entry))
+    )
+    is_meta = is_egg_info or is_dist_info
+    return (
+        distributions_from_metadata
+        if is_meta else
+        find_distributions
+        if not only and _is_egg_path(entry) else
+        resolve_egg_link
+        if not only and lower.endswith('.egg-link') else
+        NoDists()
+    )
+
+
+class NoDists:
+    """
+    >>> bool(NoDists())
+    False
+
+    >>> list(NoDists()('anything'))
+    []
+    """
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+
+    def __call__(self, fullpath):
+        return iter(())
+
+
+def safe_listdir(path):
+    """
+    Attempt to list contents of path, but suppress some exceptions.
+    """
+    try:
+        return os.listdir(path)
+    except (PermissionError, NotADirectoryError):
+        pass
+    except OSError as e:
+        # Ignore the directory if does not exist, not a directory or
+        # permission denied
+        if e.errno not in (errno.ENOTDIR, errno.EACCES, errno.ENOENT):
+            raise
+    return ()
+
+
+def distributions_from_metadata(path):
+    root = os.path.dirname(path)
+    if os.path.isdir(path):
+        if len(os.listdir(path)) == 0:
+            # empty metadata dir; skip
+            return
+        metadata = PathMetadata(root, path)
+    else:
+        metadata = FileMetadata(path)
+    entry = os.path.basename(path)
+    yield Distribution.from_location(
+        root, entry, metadata, precedence=DEVELOP_DIST,
+    )
+
+
+def non_empty_lines(path):
+    """
+    Yield non-empty lines from file at path
+    """
+    with open(path) as f:
+        for line in f:
+            line = line.strip()
+            if line:
+                yield line
+
+
+def resolve_egg_link(path):
+    """
+    Given a path to an .egg-link, resolve distributions
+    present in the referenced path.
+    """
+    referenced_paths = non_empty_lines(path)
+    resolved_paths = (
+        os.path.join(os.path.dirname(path), ref)
+        for ref in referenced_paths
+    )
+    dist_groups = map(find_distributions, resolved_paths)
+    return next(dist_groups, ())
+
+
+register_finder(pkgutil.ImpImporter, find_on_path)
+
+if hasattr(importlib_machinery, 'FileFinder'):
+    register_finder(importlib_machinery.FileFinder, find_on_path)
+
+_declare_state('dict', _namespace_handlers={})
+_declare_state('dict', _namespace_packages={})
+
+
+def register_namespace_handler(importer_type, namespace_handler):
+    """Register `namespace_handler` to declare namespace packages
+
+    `importer_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 "Importer" (sys.path item
+    handler), and `namespace_handler` is a callable like this::
+
+        def namespace_handler(importer, path_entry, moduleName, module):
+            # return a path_entry to use for child packages
+
+    Namespace handlers are only called if the importer object has already
+    agreed that it can handle the relevant path item, and they should only
+    return a subpath if the module __path__ does not already contain an
+    equivalent subpath.  For an example namespace handler, see
+    ``pkg_resources.file_ns_handler``.
+    """
+    _namespace_handlers[importer_type] = namespace_handler
+
+
+def _handle_ns(packageName, path_item):
+    """Ensure that named package includes a subpath of path_item (if needed)"""
+
+    importer = get_importer(path_item)
+    if importer is None:
+        return None
+
+    # use find_spec (PEP 451) and fall-back to find_module (PEP 302)
+    try:
+        loader = importer.find_spec(packageName).loader
+    except AttributeError:
+        # capture warnings due to #1111
+        with warnings.catch_warnings():
+            warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
+            loader = importer.find_module(packageName)
+
+    if loader is None:
+        return None
+    module = sys.modules.get(packageName)
+    if module is None:
+        module = sys.modules[packageName] = types.ModuleType(packageName)
+        module.__path__ = []
+        _set_parent_ns(packageName)
+    elif not hasattr(module, '__path__'):
+        raise TypeError("Not a package:", packageName)
+    handler = _find_adapter(_namespace_handlers, importer)
+    subpath = handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module)
+    if subpath is not None:
+        path = module.__path__
+        path.append(subpath)
+        importlib.import_module(packageName)
+        _rebuild_mod_path(path, packageName, module)
+    return subpath
+
+
+def _rebuild_mod_path(orig_path, package_name, module):
+    """
+    Rebuild module.__path__ ensuring that all entries are ordered
+    corresponding to their sys.path order
+    """
+    sys_path = [_normalize_cached(p) for p in sys.path]
+
+    def safe_sys_path_index(entry):
+        """
+        Workaround for #520 and #513.
+        """
+        try:
+            return sys_path.index(entry)
+        except ValueError:
+            return float('inf')
+
+    def position_in_sys_path(path):
+        """
+        Return the ordinal of the path based on its position in sys.path
+        """
+        path_parts = path.split(os.sep)
+        module_parts = package_name.count('.') + 1
+        parts = path_parts[:-module_parts]
+        return safe_sys_path_index(_normalize_cached(os.sep.join(parts)))
+
+    new_path = sorted(orig_path, key=position_in_sys_path)
+    new_path = [_normalize_cached(p) for p in new_path]
+
+    if isinstance(module.__path__, list):
+        module.__path__[:] = new_path
+    else:
+        module.__path__ = new_path
+
+
+def declare_namespace(packageName):
+    """Declare that package 'packageName' is a namespace package"""
+
+    _imp.acquire_lock()
+    try:
+        if packageName in _namespace_packages:
+            return
+
+        path = sys.path
+        parent, _, _ = packageName.rpartition('.')
+
+        if parent:
+            declare_namespace(parent)
+            if parent not in _namespace_packages:
+                __import__(parent)
+            try:
+                path = sys.modules[parent].__path__
+            except AttributeError as e:
+                raise TypeError("Not a package:", parent) from e
+
+        # Track what packages are namespaces, so when new path items are added,
+        # they can be updated
+        _namespace_packages.setdefault(parent or None, []).append(packageName)
+        _namespace_packages.setdefault(packageName, [])
+
+        for path_item in path:
+            # Ensure all the parent's path items are reflected in the child,
+            # if they apply
+            _handle_ns(packageName, path_item)
+
+    finally:
+        _imp.release_lock()
+
+
+def fixup_namespace_packages(path_item, parent=None):
+    """Ensure that previously-declared namespace packages include path_item"""
+    _imp.acquire_lock()
+    try:
+        for package in _namespace_packages.get(parent, ()):
+            subpath = _handle_ns(package, path_item)
+            if subpath:
+                fixup_namespace_packages(subpath, package)
+    finally:
+        _imp.release_lock()
+
+
+def file_ns_handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module):
+    """Compute an ns-package subpath for a filesystem or zipfile importer"""
+
+    subpath = os.path.join(path_item, packageName.split('.')[-1])
+    normalized = _normalize_cached(subpath)
+    for item in module.__path__:
+        if _normalize_cached(item) == normalized:
+            break
+    else:
+        # Only return the path if it's not already there
+        return subpath
+
+
+register_namespace_handler(pkgutil.ImpImporter, file_ns_handler)
+register_namespace_handler(zipimport.zipimporter, file_ns_handler)
+
+if hasattr(importlib_machinery, 'FileFinder'):
+    register_namespace_handler(importlib_machinery.FileFinder, file_ns_handler)
+
+
+def null_ns_handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module):
+    return None
+
+
+register_namespace_handler(object, null_ns_handler)
+
+
+def normalize_path(filename):
+    """Normalize a file/dir name for comparison purposes"""
+    return os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(os.path.normpath(
+        _cygwin_patch(filename))))
+
+
+def _cygwin_patch(filename):  # pragma: nocover
+    """
+    Contrary to POSIX 2008, on Cygwin, getcwd (3) contains
+    symlink components. Using
+    os.path.abspath() works around this limitation. A fix in os.getcwd()
+    would probably better, in Cygwin even more so, except
+    that this seems to be by design...
+    """
+    return os.path.abspath(filename) if sys.platform == 'cygwin' else filename
+
+
+def _normalize_cached(filename, _cache={}):
+    try:
+        return _cache[filename]
+    except KeyError:
+        _cache[filename] = result = normalize_path(filename)
+        return result
+
+
+def _is_egg_path(path):
+    """
+    Determine if given path appears to be an egg.
+    """
+    return _is_zip_egg(path) or _is_unpacked_egg(path)
+
+
+def _is_zip_egg(path):
+    return (
+        path.lower().endswith('.egg') and
+        os.path.isfile(path) and
+        zipfile.is_zipfile(path)
+    )
+
+
+def _is_unpacked_egg(path):
+    """
+    Determine if given path appears to be an unpacked egg.
+    """
+    return (
+        path.lower().endswith('.egg') and
+        os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, 'EGG-INFO', 'PKG-INFO'))
+    )
+
+
+def _set_parent_ns(packageName):
+    parts = packageName.split('.')
+    name = parts.pop()
+    if parts:
+        parent = '.'.join(parts)
+        setattr(sys.modules[parent], name, sys.modules[packageName])
+
+
+def _nonblank(str):
+    return str and not str.startswith('#')
+
+
+@functools.singledispatch
+def yield_lines(iterable):
+    """Yield valid lines of a string or iterable"""
+    return itertools.chain.from_iterable(map(yield_lines, iterable))
+
+
+@yield_lines.register(str)
+def _(text):
+    return filter(_nonblank, map(str.strip, text.splitlines()))
+
+
+MODULE = re.compile(r"\w+(\.\w+)*$").match
+EGG_NAME = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    (?P<name>[^-]+) (
+        -(?P<ver>[^-]+) (
+            -py(?P<pyver>[^-]+) (
+                -(?P<plat>.+)
+            )?
+        )?
+    )?
+    """,
+    re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE,
+).match
+
+
+class EntryPoint:
+    """Object representing an advertised importable object"""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, module_name, attrs=(), extras=(), dist=None):
+        if not MODULE(module_name):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid module name", module_name)
+        self.name = name
+        self.module_name = module_name
+        self.attrs = tuple(attrs)
+        self.extras = tuple(extras)
+        self.dist = dist
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        s = "%s = %s" % (self.name, self.module_name)
+        if self.attrs:
+            s += ':' + '.'.join(self.attrs)
+        if self.extras:
+            s += ' [%s]' % ','.join(self.extras)
+        return s
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "EntryPoint.parse(%r)" % str(self)
+
+    def load(self, require=True, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Require packages for this EntryPoint, then resolve it.
+        """
+        if not require or args or kwargs:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Parameters to load are deprecated.  Call .resolve and "
+                ".require separately.",
+                PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+        if require:
+            self.require(*args, **kwargs)
+        return self.resolve()
+
+    def resolve(self):
+        """
+        Resolve the entry point from its module and attrs.
+        """
+        module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
+        try:
+            return functools.reduce(getattr, self.attrs, module)
+        except AttributeError as exc:
+            raise ImportError(str(exc)) from exc
+
+    def require(self, env=None, installer=None):
+        if self.extras and not self.dist:
+            raise UnknownExtra("Can't require() without a distribution", self)
+
+        # Get the requirements for this entry point with all its extras and
+        # then resolve them. We have to pass `extras` along when resolving so
+        # that the working set knows what extras we want. Otherwise, for
+        # dist-info distributions, the working set will assume that the
+        # requirements for that extra are purely optional and skip over them.
+        reqs = self.dist.requires(self.extras)
+        items = working_set.resolve(reqs, env, installer, extras=self.extras)
+        list(map(working_set.add, items))
+
+    pattern = re.compile(
+        r'\s*'
+        r'(?P<name>.+?)\s*'
+        r'=\s*'
+        r'(?P<module>[\w.]+)\s*'
+        r'(:\s*(?P<attr>[\w.]+))?\s*'
+        r'(?P<extras>\[.*\])?\s*$'
+    )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(cls, src, dist=None):
+        """Parse a single entry point from string `src`
+
+        Entry point syntax follows the form::
+
+            name = some.module:some.attr [extra1, extra2]
+
+        The entry name and module name are required, but the ``:attrs`` and
+        ``[extras]`` parts are optional
+        """
+        m = cls.pattern.match(src)
+        if not m:
+            msg = "EntryPoint must be in 'name=module:attrs [extras]' format"
+            raise ValueError(msg, src)
+        res = m.groupdict()
+        extras = cls._parse_extras(res['extras'])
+        attrs = res['attr'].split('.') if res['attr'] else ()
+        return cls(res['name'], res['module'], attrs, extras, dist)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_extras(cls, extras_spec):
+        if not extras_spec:
+            return ()
+        req = Requirement.parse('x' + extras_spec)
+        if req.specs:
+            raise ValueError()
+        return req.extras
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_group(cls, group, lines, dist=None):
+        """Parse an entry point group"""
+        if not MODULE(group):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid group name", group)
+        this = {}
+        for line in yield_lines(lines):
+            ep = cls.parse(line, dist)
+            if ep.name in this:
+                raise ValueError("Duplicate entry point", group, ep.name)
+            this[ep.name] = ep
+        return this
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_map(cls, data, dist=None):
+        """Parse a map of entry point groups"""
+        if isinstance(data, dict):
+            data = data.items()
+        else:
+            data = split_sections(data)
+        maps = {}
+        for group, lines in data:
+            if group is None:
+                if not lines:
+                    continue
+                raise ValueError("Entry points must be listed in groups")
+            group = group.strip()
+            if group in maps:
+                raise ValueError("Duplicate group name", group)
+            maps[group] = cls.parse_group(group, lines, dist)
+        return maps
+
+
+def _version_from_file(lines):
+    """
+    Given an iterable of lines from a Metadata file, return
+    the value of the Version field, if present, or None otherwise.
+    """
+    def is_version_line(line):
+        return line.lower().startswith('version:')
+    version_lines = filter(is_version_line, lines)
+    line = next(iter(version_lines), '')
+    _, _, value = line.partition(':')
+    return safe_version(value.strip()) or None
+
+
+class Distribution:
+    """Wrap an actual or potential sys.path entry w/metadata"""
+    PKG_INFO = 'PKG-INFO'
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, location=None, metadata=None, project_name=None,
+            version=None, py_version=PY_MAJOR, platform=None,
+            precedence=EGG_DIST):
+        self.project_name = safe_name(project_name or 'Unknown')
+        if version is not None:
+            self._version = safe_version(version)
+        self.py_version = py_version
+        self.platform = platform
+        self.location = location
+        self.precedence = precedence
+        self._provider = metadata or empty_provider
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_location(cls, location, basename, metadata=None, **kw):
+        project_name, version, py_version, platform = [None] * 4
+        basename, ext = os.path.splitext(basename)
+        if ext.lower() in _distributionImpl:
+            cls = _distributionImpl[ext.lower()]
+
+            match = EGG_NAME(basename)
+            if match:
+                project_name, version, py_version, platform = match.group(
+                    'name', 'ver', 'pyver', 'plat'
+                )
+        return cls(
+            location, metadata, project_name=project_name, version=version,
+            py_version=py_version, platform=platform, **kw
+        )._reload_version()
+
+    def _reload_version(self):
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def hashcmp(self):
+        return (
+            self.parsed_version,
+            self.precedence,
+            self.key,
+            self.location,
+            self.py_version or '',
+            self.platform or '',
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.hashcmp)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp < other.hashcmp
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp <= other.hashcmp
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp > other.hashcmp
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp >= other.hashcmp
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            # It's not a Distribution, so they are not equal
+            return False
+        return self.hashcmp == other.hashcmp
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    # These properties have to be lazy so that we don't have to load any
+    # metadata until/unless it's actually needed.  (i.e., some distributions
+    # may not know their name or version without loading PKG-INFO)
+
+    @property
+    def key(self):
+        try:
+            return self._key
+        except AttributeError:
+            self._key = key = self.project_name.lower()
+            return key
+
+    @property
+    def parsed_version(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, "_parsed_version"):
+            self._parsed_version = parse_version(self.version)
+
+        return self._parsed_version
+
+    def _warn_legacy_version(self):
+        LV = packaging.version.LegacyVersion
+        is_legacy = isinstance(self._parsed_version, LV)
+        if not is_legacy:
+            return
+
+        # While an empty version is technically a legacy version and
+        # is not a valid PEP 440 version, it's also unlikely to
+        # actually come from someone and instead it is more likely that
+        # it comes from setuptools attempting to parse a filename and
+        # including it in the list. So for that we'll gate this warning
+        # on if the version is anything at all or not.
+        if not self.version:
+            return
+
+        tmpl = textwrap.dedent("""
+            '{project_name} ({version})' is being parsed as a legacy,
+            non PEP 440,
+            version. You may find odd behavior and sort order.
+            In particular it will be sorted as less than 0.0. It
+            is recommended to migrate to PEP 440 compatible
+            versions.
+            """).strip().replace('\n', ' ')
+
+        warnings.warn(tmpl.format(**vars(self)), PEP440Warning)
+
+    @property
+    def version(self):
+        try:
+            return self._version
+        except AttributeError as e:
+            version = self._get_version()
+            if version is None:
+                path = self._get_metadata_path_for_display(self.PKG_INFO)
+                msg = (
+                    "Missing 'Version:' header and/or {} file at path: {}"
+                ).format(self.PKG_INFO, path)
+                raise ValueError(msg, self) from e
+
+            return version
+
+    @property
+    def _dep_map(self):
+        """
+        A map of extra to its list of (direct) requirements
+        for this distribution, including the null extra.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.__dep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            self.__dep_map = self._filter_extras(self._build_dep_map())
+        return self.__dep_map
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _filter_extras(dm):
+        """
+        Given a mapping of extras to dependencies, strip off
+        environment markers and filter out any dependencies
+        not matching the markers.
+        """
+        for extra in list(filter(None, dm)):
+            new_extra = extra
+            reqs = dm.pop(extra)
+            new_extra, _, marker = extra.partition(':')
+            fails_marker = marker and (
+                invalid_marker(marker)
+                or not evaluate_marker(marker)
+            )
+            if fails_marker:
+                reqs = []
+            new_extra = safe_extra(new_extra) or None
+
+            dm.setdefault(new_extra, []).extend(reqs)
+        return dm
+
+    def _build_dep_map(self):
+        dm = {}
+        for name in 'requires.txt', 'depends.txt':
+            for extra, reqs in split_sections(self._get_metadata(name)):
+                dm.setdefault(extra, []).extend(parse_requirements(reqs))
+        return dm
+
+    def requires(self, extras=()):
+        """List of Requirements needed for this distro if `extras` are used"""
+        dm = self._dep_map
+        deps = []
+        deps.extend(dm.get(None, ()))
+        for ext in extras:
+            try:
+                deps.extend(dm[safe_extra(ext)])
+            except KeyError as e:
+                raise UnknownExtra(
+                    "%s has no such extra feature %r" % (self, ext)
+                ) from e
+        return deps
+
+    def _get_metadata_path_for_display(self, name):
+        """
+        Return the path to the given metadata file, if available.
+        """
+        try:
+            # We need to access _get_metadata_path() on the provider object
+            # directly rather than through this class's __getattr__()
+            # since _get_metadata_path() is marked private.
+            path = self._provider._get_metadata_path(name)
+
+        # Handle exceptions e.g. in case the distribution's metadata
+        # provider doesn't support _get_metadata_path().
+        except Exception:
+            return '[could not detect]'
+
+        return path
+
+    def _get_metadata(self, name):
+        if self.has_metadata(name):
+            for line in self.get_metadata_lines(name):
+                yield line
+
+    def _get_version(self):
+        lines = self._get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO)
+        version = _version_from_file(lines)
+
+        return version
+
+    def activate(self, path=None, replace=False):
+        """Ensure distribution is importable on `path` (default=sys.path)"""
+        if path is None:
+            path = sys.path
+        self.insert_on(path, replace=replace)
+        if path is sys.path:
+            fixup_namespace_packages(self.location)
+            for pkg in self._get_metadata('namespace_packages.txt'):
+                if pkg in sys.modules:
+                    declare_namespace(pkg)
+
+    def egg_name(self):
+        """Return what this distribution's standard .egg filename should be"""
+        filename = "%s-%s-py%s" % (
+            to_filename(self.project_name), to_filename(self.version),
+            self.py_version or PY_MAJOR
+        )
+
+        if self.platform:
+            filename += '-' + self.platform
+        return filename
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.location:
+            return "%s (%s)" % (self, self.location)
+        else:
+            return str(self)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        try:
+            version = getattr(self, 'version', None)
+        except ValueError:
+            version = None
+        version = version or "[unknown version]"
+        return "%s %s" % (self.project_name, version)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        """Delegate all unrecognized public attributes to .metadata provider"""
+        if attr.startswith('_'):
+            raise AttributeError(attr)
+        return getattr(self._provider, attr)
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return list(
+            set(super(Distribution, self).__dir__())
+            | set(
+                attr for attr in self._provider.__dir__()
+                if not attr.startswith('_')
+            )
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_filename(cls, filename, metadata=None, **kw):
+        return cls.from_location(
+            _normalize_cached(filename), os.path.basename(filename), metadata,
+            **kw
+        )
+
+    def as_requirement(self):
+        """Return a ``Requirement`` that matches this distribution exactly"""
+        if isinstance(self.parsed_version, packaging.version.Version):
+            spec = "%s==%s" % (self.project_name, self.parsed_version)
+        else:
+            spec = "%s===%s" % (self.project_name, self.parsed_version)
+
+        return Requirement.parse(spec)
+
+    def load_entry_point(self, group, name):
+        """Return the `name` entry point of `group` or raise ImportError"""
+        ep = self.get_entry_info(group, name)
+        if ep is None:
+            raise ImportError("Entry point %r not found" % ((group, name),))
+        return ep.load()
+
+    def get_entry_map(self, group=None):
+        """Return the entry point map for `group`, or the full entry map"""
+        try:
+            ep_map = self._ep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            ep_map = self._ep_map = EntryPoint.parse_map(
+                self._get_metadata('entry_points.txt'), self
+            )
+        if group is not None:
+            return ep_map.get(group, {})
+        return ep_map
+
+    def get_entry_info(self, group, name):
+        """Return the EntryPoint object for `group`+`name`, or ``None``"""
+        return self.get_entry_map(group).get(name)
+
+    # FIXME: 'Distribution.insert_on' is too complex (13)
+    def insert_on(self, path, loc=None, replace=False):  # noqa: C901
+        """Ensure self.location is on path
+
+        If replace=False (default):
+            - If location is already in path anywhere, do nothing.
+            - Else:
+              - If it's an egg and its parent directory is on path,
+                insert just ahead of the parent.
+              - Else: add to the end of path.
+        If replace=True:
+            - If location is already on path anywhere (not eggs)
+              or higher priority than its parent (eggs)
+              do nothing.
+            - Else:
+              - If it's an egg and its parent directory is on path,
+                insert just ahead of the parent,
+                removing any lower-priority entries.
+              - Else: add it to the front of path.
+        """
+
+        loc = loc or self.location
+        if not loc:
+            return
+
+        nloc = _normalize_cached(loc)
+        bdir = os.path.dirname(nloc)
+        npath = [(p and _normalize_cached(p) or p) for p in path]
+
+        for p, item in enumerate(npath):
+            if item == nloc:
+                if replace:
+                    break
+                else:
+                    # don't modify path (even removing duplicates) if
+                    # found and not replace
+                    return
+            elif item == bdir and self.precedence == EGG_DIST:
+                # if it's an .egg, give it precedence over its directory
+                # UNLESS it's already been added to sys.path and replace=False
+                if (not replace) and nloc in npath[p:]:
+                    return
+                if path is sys.path:
+                    self.check_version_conflict()
+                path.insert(p, loc)
+                npath.insert(p, nloc)
+                break
+        else:
+            if path is sys.path:
+                self.check_version_conflict()
+            if replace:
+                path.insert(0, loc)
+            else:
+                path.append(loc)
+            return
+
+        # p is the spot where we found or inserted loc; now remove duplicates
+        while True:
+            try:
+                np = npath.index(nloc, p + 1)
+            except ValueError:
+                break
+            else:
+                del npath[np], path[np]
+                # ha!
+                p = np
+
+        return
+
+    def check_version_conflict(self):
+        if self.key == 'setuptools':
+            # ignore the inevitable setuptools self-conflicts  :(
+            return
+
+        nsp = dict.fromkeys(self._get_metadata('namespace_packages.txt'))
+        loc = normalize_path(self.location)
+        for modname in self._get_metadata('top_level.txt'):
+            if (modname not in sys.modules or modname in nsp
+                    or modname in _namespace_packages):
+                continue
+            if modname in ('pkg_resources', 'setuptools', 'site'):
+                continue
+            fn = getattr(sys.modules[modname], '__file__', None)
+            if fn and (normalize_path(fn).startswith(loc) or
+                       fn.startswith(self.location)):
+                continue
+            issue_warning(
+                "Module %s was already imported from %s, but %s is being added"
+                " to sys.path" % (modname, fn, self.location),
+            )
+
+    def has_version(self):
+        try:
+            self.version
+        except ValueError:
+            issue_warning("Unbuilt egg for " + repr(self))
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def clone(self, **kw):
+        """Copy this distribution, substituting in any changed keyword args"""
+        names = 'project_name version py_version platform location precedence'
+        for attr in names.split():
+            kw.setdefault(attr, getattr(self, attr, None))
+        kw.setdefault('metadata', self._provider)
+        return self.__class__(**kw)
+
+    @property
+    def extras(self):
+        return [dep for dep in self._dep_map if dep]
+
+
+class EggInfoDistribution(Distribution):
+    def _reload_version(self):
+        """
+        Packages installed by distutils (e.g. numpy or scipy),
+        which uses an old safe_version, and so
+        their version numbers can get mangled when
+        converted to filenames (e.g., 1.11.0.dev0+2329eae to
+        1.11.0.dev0_2329eae). These distributions will not be
+        parsed properly
+        downstream by Distribution and safe_version, so
+        take an extra step and try to get the version number from
+        the metadata file itself instead of the filename.
+        """
+        md_version = self._get_version()
+        if md_version:
+            self._version = md_version
+        return self
+
+
+class DistInfoDistribution(Distribution):
+    """
+    Wrap an actual or potential sys.path entry
+    w/metadata, .dist-info style.
+    """
+    PKG_INFO = 'METADATA'
+    EQEQ = re.compile(r"([\(,])\s*(\d.*?)\s*([,\)])")
+
+    @property
+    def _parsed_pkg_info(self):
+        """Parse and cache metadata"""
+        try:
+            return self._pkg_info
+        except AttributeError:
+            metadata = self.get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO)
+            self._pkg_info = email.parser.Parser().parsestr(metadata)
+            return self._pkg_info
+
+    @property
+    def _dep_map(self):
+        try:
+            return self.__dep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            self.__dep_map = self._compute_dependencies()
+            return self.__dep_map
+
+    def _compute_dependencies(self):
+        """Recompute this distribution's dependencies."""
+        dm = self.__dep_map = {None: []}
+
+        reqs = []
+        # Including any condition expressions
+        for req in self._parsed_pkg_info.get_all('Requires-Dist') or []:
+            reqs.extend(parse_requirements(req))
+
+        def reqs_for_extra(extra):
+            for req in reqs:
+                if not req.marker or req.marker.evaluate({'extra': extra}):
+                    yield req
+
+        common = types.MappingProxyType(dict.fromkeys(reqs_for_extra(None)))
+        dm[None].extend(common)
+
+        for extra in self._parsed_pkg_info.get_all('Provides-Extra') or []:
+            s_extra = safe_extra(extra.strip())
+            dm[s_extra] = [r for r in reqs_for_extra(extra) if r not in common]
+
+        return dm
+
+
+_distributionImpl = {
+    '.egg': Distribution,
+    '.egg-info': EggInfoDistribution,
+    '.dist-info': DistInfoDistribution,
+}
+
+
+def issue_warning(*args, **kw):
+    level = 1
+    g = globals()
+    try:
+        # find the first stack frame that is *not* code in
+        # the pkg_resources module, to use for the warning
+        while sys._getframe(level).f_globals is g:
+            level += 1
+    except ValueError:
+        pass
+    warnings.warn(stacklevel=level + 1, *args, **kw)
+
+
+def parse_requirements(strs):
+    """Yield ``Requirement`` objects for each specification in `strs`
+
+    `strs` must be a string, or a (possibly-nested) iterable thereof.
+    """
+    # create a steppable iterator, so we can handle \-continuations
+    lines = iter(yield_lines(strs))
+
+    for line in lines:
+        # Drop comments -- a hash without a space may be in a URL.
+        if ' #' in line:
+            line = line[:line.find(' #')]
+        # If there is a line continuation, drop it, and append the next line.
+        if line.endswith('\\'):
+            line = line[:-2].strip()
+            try:
+                line += next(lines)
+            except StopIteration:
+                return
+        yield Requirement(line)
+
+
+class RequirementParseError(packaging.requirements.InvalidRequirement):
+    "Compatibility wrapper for InvalidRequirement"
+
+
+class Requirement(packaging.requirements.Requirement):
+    def __init__(self, requirement_string):
+        """DO NOT CALL THIS UNDOCUMENTED METHOD; use Requirement.parse()!"""
+        super(Requirement, self).__init__(requirement_string)
+        self.unsafe_name = self.name
+        project_name = safe_name(self.name)
+        self.project_name, self.key = project_name, project_name.lower()
+        self.specs = [
+            (spec.operator, spec.version) for spec in self.specifier]
+        self.extras = tuple(map(safe_extra, self.extras))
+        self.hashCmp = (
+            self.key,
+            self.url,
+            self.specifier,
+            frozenset(self.extras),
+            str(self.marker) if self.marker else None,
+        )
+        self.__hash = hash(self.hashCmp)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return (
+            isinstance(other, Requirement) and
+            self.hashCmp == other.hashCmp
+        )
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    def __contains__(self, item):
+        if isinstance(item, Distribution):
+            if item.key != self.key:
+                return False
+
+            item = item.version
+
+        # Allow prereleases always in order to match the previous behavior of
+        # this method. In the future this should be smarter and follow PEP 440
+        # more accurately.
+        return self.specifier.contains(item, prereleases=True)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return self.__hash
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "Requirement.parse(%r)" % str(self)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def parse(s):
+        req, = parse_requirements(s)
+        return req
+
+
+def _always_object(classes):
+    """
+    Ensure object appears in the mro even
+    for old-style classes.
+    """
+    if object not in classes:
+        return classes + (object,)
+    return classes
+
+
+def _find_adapter(registry, ob):
+    """Return an adapter factory for `ob` from `registry`"""
+    types = _always_object(inspect.getmro(getattr(ob, '__class__', type(ob))))
+    for t in types:
+        if t in registry:
+            return registry[t]
+
+
+def ensure_directory(path):
+    """Ensure that the parent directory of `path` exists"""
+    dirname = os.path.dirname(path)
+    os.makedirs(dirname, exist_ok=True)
+
+
+def _bypass_ensure_directory(path):
+    """Sandbox-bypassing version of ensure_directory()"""
+    if not WRITE_SUPPORT:
+        raise IOError('"os.mkdir" not supported on this platform.')
+    dirname, filename = split(path)
+    if dirname and filename and not isdir(dirname):
+        _bypass_ensure_directory(dirname)
+        try:
+            mkdir(dirname, 0o755)
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+
+
+def split_sections(s):
+    """Split a string or iterable thereof into (section, content) pairs
+
+    Each ``section`` is a stripped version of the section header ("[section]")
+    and each ``content`` is a list of stripped lines excluding blank lines and
+    comment-only lines.  If there are any such lines before the first section
+    header, they're returned in a first ``section`` of ``None``.
+    """
+    section = None
+    content = []
+    for line in yield_lines(s):
+        if line.startswith("["):
+            if line.endswith("]"):
+                if section or content:
+                    yield section, content
+                section = line[1:-1].strip()
+                content = []
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("Invalid section heading", line)
+        else:
+            content.append(line)
+
+    # wrap up last segment
+    yield section, content
+
+
+def _mkstemp(*args, **kw):
+    old_open = os.open
+    try:
+        # temporarily bypass sandboxing
+        os.open = os_open
+        return tempfile.mkstemp(*args, **kw)
+    finally:
+        # and then put it back
+        os.open = old_open
+
+
+# Silence the PEP440Warning by default, so that end users don't get hit by it
+# randomly just because they use pkg_resources. We want to append the rule
+# because we want earlier uses of filterwarnings to take precedence over this
+# one.
+warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=PEP440Warning, append=True)
+
+
+# from jaraco.functools 1.3
+def _call_aside(f, *args, **kwargs):
+    f(*args, **kwargs)
+    return f
+
+
+@_call_aside
+def _initialize(g=globals()):
+    "Set up global resource manager (deliberately not state-saved)"
+    manager = ResourceManager()
+    g['_manager'] = manager
+    g.update(
+        (name, getattr(manager, name))
+        for name in dir(manager)
+        if not name.startswith('_')
+    )
+
+
+class PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning(Warning):
+    """
+    Base class for warning about deprecations in ``pkg_resources``
+
+    This class is not derived from ``DeprecationWarning``, and as such is
+    visible by default.
+    """
+
+
+@_call_aside
+def _initialize_master_working_set():
+    """
+    Prepare the master working set and make the ``require()``
+    API available.
+
+    This function has explicit effects on the global state
+    of pkg_resources. It is intended to be invoked once at
+    the initialization of this module.
+
+    Invocation by other packages is unsupported and done
+    at their own risk.
+    """
+    working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
+    _declare_state('object', working_set=working_set)
+
+    require = working_set.require
+    iter_entry_points = working_set.iter_entry_points
+    add_activation_listener = working_set.subscribe
+    run_script = working_set.run_script
+    # backward compatibility
+    run_main = run_script
+    # Activate all distributions already on sys.path with replace=False and
+    # ensure that all distributions added to the working set in the future
+    # (e.g. by calling ``require()``) will get activated as well,
+    # with higher priority (replace=True).
+    tuple(
+        dist.activate(replace=False)
+        for dist in working_set
+    )
+    add_activation_listener(
+        lambda dist: dist.activate(replace=True),
+        existing=False,
+    )
+    working_set.entries = []
+    # match order
+    list(map(working_set.add_entry, sys.path))
+    globals().update(locals())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/appdirs.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/appdirs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae67001
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/appdirs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,608 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2005-2010 ActiveState Software Inc.
+# Copyright (c) 2013 Eddy Petrișor
+
+"""Utilities for determining application-specific dirs.
+
+See <http://github.com/ActiveState/appdirs> for details and usage.
+"""
+# Dev Notes:
+# - MSDN on where to store app data files:
+#   http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;310294#XSLTH3194121123120121120120
+# - Mac OS X: http://developer.apple.com/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPFileSystem/index.html
+# - XDG spec for Un*x: http://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html
+
+__version_info__ = (1, 4, 3)
+__version__ = '.'.join(map(str, __version_info__))
+
+
+import sys
+import os
+
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+
+if PY3:
+    unicode = str
+
+if sys.platform.startswith('java'):
+    import platform
+    os_name = platform.java_ver()[3][0]
+    if os_name.startswith('Windows'): # "Windows XP", "Windows 7", etc.
+        system = 'win32'
+    elif os_name.startswith('Mac'): # "Mac OS X", etc.
+        system = 'darwin'
+    else: # "Linux", "SunOS", "FreeBSD", etc.
+        # Setting this to "linux2" is not ideal, but only Windows or Mac
+        # are actually checked for and the rest of the module expects
+        # *sys.platform* style strings.
+        system = 'linux2'
+else:
+    system = sys.platform
+
+
+
+def user_data_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, roaming=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default False) can be set True to use the Windows
+            roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a Windows
+            network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user data directories are:
+        Mac OS X:               ~/Library/Application Support/<AppName>
+        Unix:                   ~/.local/share/<AppName>    # or in $XDG_DATA_HOME, if defined
+        Win XP (not roaming):   C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Win XP (roaming):       C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Win 7  (not roaming):   C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Win 7  (roaming):       C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Roaming\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+
+    For Unix, we follow the XDG spec and support $XDG_DATA_HOME.
+    That means, by default "~/.local/share/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if system == "win32":
+        if appauthor is None:
+            appauthor = appname
+        const = roaming and "CSIDL_APPDATA" or "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder(const))
+        if appname:
+            if appauthor is not False:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appauthor, appname)
+            else:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    elif system == 'darwin':
+        path = os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Application Support/')
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_DATA_HOME', os.path.expanduser("~/.local/share"))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def site_data_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, multipath=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-shared data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "multipath" is an optional parameter only applicable to *nix
+            which indicates that the entire list of data dirs should be
+            returned. By default, the first item from XDG_DATA_DIRS is
+            returned, or '/usr/local/share/<AppName>',
+            if XDG_DATA_DIRS is not set
+
+    Typical site data directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   /Library/Application Support/<AppName>
+        Unix:       /usr/local/share/<AppName> or /usr/share/<AppName>
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Vista:      (Fail! "C:\ProgramData" is a hidden *system* directory on Vista.)
+        Win 7:      C:\ProgramData\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>   # Hidden, but writeable on Win 7.
+
+    For Unix, this is using the $XDG_DATA_DIRS[0] default.
+
+    WARNING: Do not use this on Windows. See the Vista-Fail note above for why.
+    """
+    if system == "win32":
+        if appauthor is None:
+            appauthor = appname
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder("CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA"))
+        if appname:
+            if appauthor is not False:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appauthor, appname)
+            else:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    elif system == 'darwin':
+        path = os.path.expanduser('/Library/Application Support')
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:
+        # XDG default for $XDG_DATA_DIRS
+        # only first, if multipath is False
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_DATA_DIRS',
+                         os.pathsep.join(['/usr/local/share', '/usr/share']))
+        pathlist = [os.path.expanduser(x.rstrip(os.sep)) for x in path.split(os.pathsep)]
+        if appname:
+            if version:
+                appname = os.path.join(appname, version)
+            pathlist = [os.sep.join([x, appname]) for x in pathlist]
+
+        if multipath:
+            path = os.pathsep.join(pathlist)
+        else:
+            path = pathlist[0]
+        return path
+
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def user_config_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, roaming=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific config dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default False) can be set True to use the Windows
+            roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a Windows
+            network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user config directories are:
+        Mac OS X:               same as user_data_dir
+        Unix:                   ~/.config/<AppName>     # or in $XDG_CONFIG_HOME, if defined
+        Win *:                  same as user_data_dir
+
+    For Unix, we follow the XDG spec and support $XDG_CONFIG_HOME.
+    That means, by default "~/.config/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if system in ["win32", "darwin"]:
+        path = user_data_dir(appname, appauthor, None, roaming)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME', os.path.expanduser("~/.config"))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def site_config_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, multipath=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-shared data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "multipath" is an optional parameter only applicable to *nix
+            which indicates that the entire list of config dirs should be
+            returned. By default, the first item from XDG_CONFIG_DIRS is
+            returned, or '/etc/xdg/<AppName>', if XDG_CONFIG_DIRS is not set
+
+    Typical site config directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   same as site_data_dir
+        Unix:       /etc/xdg/<AppName> or $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS[i]/<AppName> for each value in
+                    $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
+        Win *:      same as site_data_dir
+        Vista:      (Fail! "C:\ProgramData" is a hidden *system* directory on Vista.)
+
+    For Unix, this is using the $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS[0] default, if multipath=False
+
+    WARNING: Do not use this on Windows. See the Vista-Fail note above for why.
+    """
+    if system in ["win32", "darwin"]:
+        path = site_data_dir(appname, appauthor)
+        if appname and version:
+            path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    else:
+        # XDG default for $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
+        # only first, if multipath is False
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_DIRS', '/etc/xdg')
+        pathlist = [os.path.expanduser(x.rstrip(os.sep)) for x in path.split(os.pathsep)]
+        if appname:
+            if version:
+                appname = os.path.join(appname, version)
+            pathlist = [os.sep.join([x, appname]) for x in pathlist]
+
+        if multipath:
+            path = os.pathsep.join(pathlist)
+        else:
+            path = pathlist[0]
+    return path
+
+
+def user_cache_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, opinion=True):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific cache dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "opinion" (boolean) can be False to disable the appending of
+            "Cache" to the base app data dir for Windows. See
+            discussion below.
+
+    Typical user cache directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   ~/Library/Caches/<AppName>
+        Unix:       ~/.cache/<AppName> (XDG default)
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Cache
+        Vista:      C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Cache
+
+    On Windows the only suggestion in the MSDN docs is that local settings go in
+    the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` directory. This is identical to the non-roaming
+    app data dir (the default returned by `user_data_dir` above). Apps typically
+    put cache data somewhere *under* the given dir here. Some examples:
+        ...\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\<ProfileName>\Cache
+        ...\Acme\SuperApp\Cache\1.0
+    OPINION: This function appends "Cache" to the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` value.
+    This can be disabled with the `opinion=False` option.
+    """
+    if system == "win32":
+        if appauthor is None:
+            appauthor = appname
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder("CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"))
+        if appname:
+            if appauthor is not False:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appauthor, appname)
+            else:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+            if opinion:
+                path = os.path.join(path, "Cache")
+    elif system == 'darwin':
+        path = os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Caches')
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_CACHE_HOME', os.path.expanduser('~/.cache'))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def user_state_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, roaming=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific state dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default False) can be set True to use the Windows
+            roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a Windows
+            network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user state directories are:
+        Mac OS X:  same as user_data_dir
+        Unix:      ~/.local/state/<AppName>   # or in $XDG_STATE_HOME, if defined
+        Win *:     same as user_data_dir
+
+    For Unix, we follow this Debian proposal <https://wiki.debian.org/XDGBaseDirectorySpecification#state>
+    to extend the XDG spec and support $XDG_STATE_HOME.
+
+    That means, by default "~/.local/state/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if system in ["win32", "darwin"]:
+        path = user_data_dir(appname, appauthor, None, roaming)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_STATE_HOME', os.path.expanduser("~/.local/state"))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def user_log_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, opinion=True):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific log dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "opinion" (boolean) can be False to disable the appending of
+            "Logs" to the base app data dir for Windows, and "log" to the
+            base cache dir for Unix. See discussion below.
+
+    Typical user log directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   ~/Library/Logs/<AppName>
+        Unix:       ~/.cache/<AppName>/log  # or under $XDG_CACHE_HOME if defined
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Logs
+        Vista:      C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Logs
+
+    On Windows the only suggestion in the MSDN docs is that local settings
+    go in the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` directory. (Note: I'm interested in
+    examples of what some windows apps use for a logs dir.)
+
+    OPINION: This function appends "Logs" to the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA`
+    value for Windows and appends "log" to the user cache dir for Unix.
+    This can be disabled with the `opinion=False` option.
+    """
+    if system == "darwin":
+        path = os.path.join(
+            os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Logs'),
+            appname)
+    elif system == "win32":
+        path = user_data_dir(appname, appauthor, version)
+        version = False
+        if opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "Logs")
+    else:
+        path = user_cache_dir(appname, appauthor, version)
+        version = False
+        if opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "log")
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+class AppDirs(object):
+    """Convenience wrapper for getting application dirs."""
+    def __init__(self, appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None,
+            roaming=False, multipath=False):
+        self.appname = appname
+        self.appauthor = appauthor
+        self.version = version
+        self.roaming = roaming
+        self.multipath = multipath
+
+    @property
+    def user_data_dir(self):
+        return user_data_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                             version=self.version, roaming=self.roaming)
+
+    @property
+    def site_data_dir(self):
+        return site_data_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                             version=self.version, multipath=self.multipath)
+
+    @property
+    def user_config_dir(self):
+        return user_config_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                               version=self.version, roaming=self.roaming)
+
+    @property
+    def site_config_dir(self):
+        return site_config_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                             version=self.version, multipath=self.multipath)
+
+    @property
+    def user_cache_dir(self):
+        return user_cache_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                              version=self.version)
+
+    @property
+    def user_state_dir(self):
+        return user_state_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                              version=self.version)
+
+    @property
+    def user_log_dir(self):
+        return user_log_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                            version=self.version)
+
+
+#---- internal support stuff
+
+def _get_win_folder_from_registry(csidl_name):
+    """This is a fallback technique at best. I'm not sure if using the
+    registry for this guarantees us the correct answer for all CSIDL_*
+    names.
+    """
+    if PY3:
+      import winreg as _winreg
+    else:
+      import _winreg
+
+    shell_folder_name = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": "AppData",
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": "Common AppData",
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": "Local AppData",
+    }[csidl_name]
+
+    key = _winreg.OpenKey(
+        _winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+        r"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders"
+    )
+    dir, type = _winreg.QueryValueEx(key, shell_folder_name)
+    return dir
+
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_pywin32(csidl_name):
+    from win32com.shell import shellcon, shell
+    dir = shell.SHGetFolderPath(0, getattr(shellcon, csidl_name), 0, 0)
+    # Try to make this a unicode path because SHGetFolderPath does
+    # not return unicode strings when there is unicode data in the
+    # path.
+    try:
+        dir = unicode(dir)
+
+        # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+        # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+        has_high_char = False
+        for c in dir:
+            if ord(c) > 255:
+                has_high_char = True
+                break
+        if has_high_char:
+            try:
+                import win32api
+                dir = win32api.GetShortPathName(dir)
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+    except UnicodeError:
+        pass
+    return dir
+
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_ctypes(csidl_name):
+    import ctypes
+
+    csidl_const = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": 26,
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": 35,
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": 28,
+    }[csidl_name]
+
+    buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+    ctypes.windll.shell32.SHGetFolderPathW(None, csidl_const, None, 0, buf)
+
+    # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+    # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+    has_high_char = False
+    for c in buf:
+        if ord(c) > 255:
+            has_high_char = True
+            break
+    if has_high_char:
+        buf2 = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+        if ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetShortPathNameW(buf.value, buf2, 1024):
+            buf = buf2
+
+    return buf.value
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_jna(csidl_name):
+    import array
+    from com.sun import jna
+    from com.sun.jna.platform import win32
+
+    buf_size = win32.WinDef.MAX_PATH * 2
+    buf = array.zeros('c', buf_size)
+    shell = win32.Shell32.INSTANCE
+    shell.SHGetFolderPath(None, getattr(win32.ShlObj, csidl_name), None, win32.ShlObj.SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT, buf)
+    dir = jna.Native.toString(buf.tostring()).rstrip("\0")
+
+    # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+    # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+    has_high_char = False
+    for c in dir:
+        if ord(c) > 255:
+            has_high_char = True
+            break
+    if has_high_char:
+        buf = array.zeros('c', buf_size)
+        kernel = win32.Kernel32.INSTANCE
+        if kernel.GetShortPathName(dir, buf, buf_size):
+            dir = jna.Native.toString(buf.tostring()).rstrip("\0")
+
+    return dir
+
+if system == "win32":
+    try:
+        import win32com.shell
+        _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_pywin32
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            from ctypes import windll
+            _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_ctypes
+        except ImportError:
+            try:
+                import com.sun.jna
+                _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_jna
+            except ImportError:
+                _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_from_registry
+
+
+#---- self test code
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    appname = "MyApp"
+    appauthor = "MyCompany"
+
+    props = ("user_data_dir",
+             "user_config_dir",
+             "user_cache_dir",
+             "user_state_dir",
+             "user_log_dir",
+             "site_data_dir",
+             "site_config_dir")
+
+    print("-- app dirs %s --" % __version__)
+
+    print("-- app dirs (with optional 'version')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname, appauthor, version="1.0")
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (without optional 'version')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname, appauthor)
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (without optional 'appauthor')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname)
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (with disabled 'appauthor')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname, appauthor=False)
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c359122
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__",
+    "__summary__",
+    "__uri__",
+    "__version__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__email__",
+    "__license__",
+    "__copyright__",
+]
+
+__title__ = "packaging"
+__summary__ = "Core utilities for Python packages"
+__uri__ = "https://github.com/pypa/packaging"
+
+__version__ = "21.2"
+
+__author__ = "Donald Stufft and individual contributors"
+__email__ = "donald@stufft.io"
+
+__license__ = "BSD-2-Clause or Apache-2.0"
+__copyright__ = "2014-2019 %s" % __author__
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c50c5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+from .__about__ import (
+    __author__,
+    __copyright__,
+    __email__,
+    __license__,
+    __summary__,
+    __title__,
+    __uri__,
+    __version__,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__",
+    "__summary__",
+    "__uri__",
+    "__version__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__email__",
+    "__license__",
+    "__copyright__",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_manylinux.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_manylinux.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c379aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_manylinux.py
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+import collections
+import functools
+import os
+import re
+import struct
+import sys
+import warnings
+from typing import IO, Dict, Iterator, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple
+
+
+# Python does not provide platform information at sufficient granularity to
+# identify the architecture of the running executable in some cases, so we
+# determine it dynamically by reading the information from the running
+# process. This only applies on Linux, which uses the ELF format.
+class _ELFFileHeader:
+    # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format#File_header
+    class _InvalidELFFileHeader(ValueError):
+        """
+        An invalid ELF file header was found.
+        """
+
+    ELF_MAGIC_NUMBER = 0x7F454C46
+    ELFCLASS32 = 1
+    ELFCLASS64 = 2
+    ELFDATA2LSB = 1
+    ELFDATA2MSB = 2
+    EM_386 = 3
+    EM_S390 = 22
+    EM_ARM = 40
+    EM_X86_64 = 62
+    EF_ARM_ABIMASK = 0xFF000000
+    EF_ARM_ABI_VER5 = 0x05000000
+    EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD = 0x00000400
+
+    def __init__(self, file: IO[bytes]) -> None:
+        def unpack(fmt: str) -> int:
+            try:
+                data = file.read(struct.calcsize(fmt))
+                result: Tuple[int, ...] = struct.unpack(fmt, data)
+            except struct.error:
+                raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+            return result[0]
+
+        self.e_ident_magic = unpack(">I")
+        if self.e_ident_magic != self.ELF_MAGIC_NUMBER:
+            raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+        self.e_ident_class = unpack("B")
+        if self.e_ident_class not in {self.ELFCLASS32, self.ELFCLASS64}:
+            raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+        self.e_ident_data = unpack("B")
+        if self.e_ident_data not in {self.ELFDATA2LSB, self.ELFDATA2MSB}:
+            raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+        self.e_ident_version = unpack("B")
+        self.e_ident_osabi = unpack("B")
+        self.e_ident_abiversion = unpack("B")
+        self.e_ident_pad = file.read(7)
+        format_h = "<H" if self.e_ident_data == self.ELFDATA2LSB else ">H"
+        format_i = "<I" if self.e_ident_data == self.ELFDATA2LSB else ">I"
+        format_q = "<Q" if self.e_ident_data == self.ELFDATA2LSB else ">Q"
+        format_p = format_i if self.e_ident_class == self.ELFCLASS32 else format_q
+        self.e_type = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_machine = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_version = unpack(format_i)
+        self.e_entry = unpack(format_p)
+        self.e_phoff = unpack(format_p)
+        self.e_shoff = unpack(format_p)
+        self.e_flags = unpack(format_i)
+        self.e_ehsize = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_phentsize = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_phnum = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_shentsize = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_shnum = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_shstrndx = unpack(format_h)
+
+
+def _get_elf_header() -> Optional[_ELFFileHeader]:
+    try:
+        with open(sys.executable, "rb") as f:
+            elf_header = _ELFFileHeader(f)
+    except (OSError, TypeError, _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader):
+        return None
+    return elf_header
+
+
+def _is_linux_armhf() -> bool:
+    # hard-float ABI can be detected from the ELF header of the running
+    # process
+    # https://static.docs.arm.com/ihi0044/g/aaelf32.pdf
+    elf_header = _get_elf_header()
+    if elf_header is None:
+        return False
+    result = elf_header.e_ident_class == elf_header.ELFCLASS32
+    result &= elf_header.e_ident_data == elf_header.ELFDATA2LSB
+    result &= elf_header.e_machine == elf_header.EM_ARM
+    result &= (
+        elf_header.e_flags & elf_header.EF_ARM_ABIMASK
+    ) == elf_header.EF_ARM_ABI_VER5
+    result &= (
+        elf_header.e_flags & elf_header.EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD
+    ) == elf_header.EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD
+    return result
+
+
+def _is_linux_i686() -> bool:
+    elf_header = _get_elf_header()
+    if elf_header is None:
+        return False
+    result = elf_header.e_ident_class == elf_header.ELFCLASS32
+    result &= elf_header.e_ident_data == elf_header.ELFDATA2LSB
+    result &= elf_header.e_machine == elf_header.EM_386
+    return result
+
+
+def _have_compatible_abi(arch: str) -> bool:
+    if arch == "armv7l":
+        return _is_linux_armhf()
+    if arch == "i686":
+        return _is_linux_i686()
+    return arch in {"x86_64", "aarch64", "ppc64", "ppc64le", "s390x"}
+
+
+# If glibc ever changes its major version, we need to know what the last
+# minor version was, so we can build the complete list of all versions.
+# For now, guess what the highest minor version might be, assume it will
+# be 50 for testing. Once this actually happens, update the dictionary
+# with the actual value.
+_LAST_GLIBC_MINOR: Dict[int, int] = collections.defaultdict(lambda: 50)
+
+
+class _GLibCVersion(NamedTuple):
+    major: int
+    minor: int
+
+
+def _glibc_version_string_confstr() -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Primary implementation of glibc_version_string using os.confstr.
+    """
+    # os.confstr is quite a bit faster than ctypes.DLL. It's also less likely
+    # to be broken or missing. This strategy is used in the standard library
+    # platform module.
+    # https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/fcf1d003bf4f0100c/Lib/platform.py#L175-L183
+    try:
+        # os.confstr("CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION") returns a string like "glibc 2.17".
+        version_string = os.confstr("CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION")
+        assert version_string is not None
+        _, version = version_string.split()
+    except (AssertionError, AttributeError, OSError, ValueError):
+        # os.confstr() or CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION not available (or a bad value)...
+        return None
+    return version
+
+
+def _glibc_version_string_ctypes() -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Fallback implementation of glibc_version_string using ctypes.
+    """
+    try:
+        import ctypes
+    except ImportError:
+        return None
+
+    # ctypes.CDLL(None) internally calls dlopen(NULL), and as the dlopen
+    # manpage says, "If filename is NULL, then the returned handle is for the
+    # main program". This way we can let the linker do the work to figure out
+    # which libc our process is actually using.
+    #
+    # We must also handle the special case where the executable is not a
+    # dynamically linked executable. This can occur when using musl libc,
+    # for example. In this situation, dlopen() will error, leading to an
+    # OSError. Interestingly, at least in the case of musl, there is no
+    # errno set on the OSError. The single string argument used to construct
+    # OSError comes from libc itself and is therefore not portable to
+    # hard code here. In any case, failure to call dlopen() means we
+    # can proceed, so we bail on our attempt.
+    try:
+        process_namespace = ctypes.CDLL(None)
+    except OSError:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        gnu_get_libc_version = process_namespace.gnu_get_libc_version
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Symbol doesn't exist -> therefore, we are not linked to
+        # glibc.
+        return None
+
+    # Call gnu_get_libc_version, which returns a string like "2.5"
+    gnu_get_libc_version.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
+    version_str: str = gnu_get_libc_version()
+    # py2 / py3 compatibility:
+    if not isinstance(version_str, str):
+        version_str = version_str.decode("ascii")
+
+    return version_str
+
+
+def _glibc_version_string() -> Optional[str]:
+    """Returns glibc version string, or None if not using glibc."""
+    return _glibc_version_string_confstr() or _glibc_version_string_ctypes()
+
+
+def _parse_glibc_version(version_str: str) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    """Parse glibc version.
+
+    We use a regexp instead of str.split because we want to discard any
+    random junk that might come after the minor version -- this might happen
+    in patched/forked versions of glibc (e.g. Linaro's version of glibc
+    uses version strings like "2.20-2014.11"). See gh-3588.
+    """
+    m = re.match(r"(?P<major>[0-9]+)\.(?P<minor>[0-9]+)", version_str)
+    if not m:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Expected glibc version with 2 components major.minor,"
+            " got: %s" % version_str,
+            RuntimeWarning,
+        )
+        return -1, -1
+    return int(m.group("major")), int(m.group("minor"))
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache()
+def _get_glibc_version() -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    version_str = _glibc_version_string()
+    if version_str is None:
+        return (-1, -1)
+    return _parse_glibc_version(version_str)
+
+
+# From PEP 513, PEP 600
+def _is_compatible(name: str, arch: str, version: _GLibCVersion) -> bool:
+    sys_glibc = _get_glibc_version()
+    if sys_glibc < version:
+        return False
+    # Check for presence of _manylinux module.
+    try:
+        import _manylinux  # noqa
+    except ImportError:
+        return True
+    if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux_compatible"):
+        result = _manylinux.manylinux_compatible(version[0], version[1], arch)
+        if result is not None:
+            return bool(result)
+        return True
+    if version == _GLibCVersion(2, 5):
+        if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux1_compatible"):
+            return bool(_manylinux.manylinux1_compatible)
+    if version == _GLibCVersion(2, 12):
+        if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux2010_compatible"):
+            return bool(_manylinux.manylinux2010_compatible)
+    if version == _GLibCVersion(2, 17):
+        if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux2014_compatible"):
+            return bool(_manylinux.manylinux2014_compatible)
+    return True
+
+
+_LEGACY_MANYLINUX_MAP = {
+    # CentOS 7 w/ glibc 2.17 (PEP 599)
+    (2, 17): "manylinux2014",
+    # CentOS 6 w/ glibc 2.12 (PEP 571)
+    (2, 12): "manylinux2010",
+    # CentOS 5 w/ glibc 2.5 (PEP 513)
+    (2, 5): "manylinux1",
+}
+
+
+def platform_tags(linux: str, arch: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    if not _have_compatible_abi(arch):
+        return
+    # Oldest glibc to be supported regardless of architecture is (2, 17).
+    too_old_glibc2 = _GLibCVersion(2, 16)
+    if arch in {"x86_64", "i686"}:
+        # On x86/i686 also oldest glibc to be supported is (2, 5).
+        too_old_glibc2 = _GLibCVersion(2, 4)
+    current_glibc = _GLibCVersion(*_get_glibc_version())
+    glibc_max_list = [current_glibc]
+    # We can assume compatibility across glibc major versions.
+    # https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24636
+    #
+    # Build a list of maximum glibc versions so that we can
+    # output the canonical list of all glibc from current_glibc
+    # down to too_old_glibc2, including all intermediary versions.
+    for glibc_major in range(current_glibc.major - 1, 1, -1):
+        glibc_minor = _LAST_GLIBC_MINOR[glibc_major]
+        glibc_max_list.append(_GLibCVersion(glibc_major, glibc_minor))
+    for glibc_max in glibc_max_list:
+        if glibc_max.major == too_old_glibc2.major:
+            min_minor = too_old_glibc2.minor
+        else:
+            # For other glibc major versions oldest supported is (x, 0).
+            min_minor = -1
+        for glibc_minor in range(glibc_max.minor, min_minor, -1):
+            glibc_version = _GLibCVersion(glibc_max.major, glibc_minor)
+            tag = "manylinux_{}_{}".format(*glibc_version)
+            if _is_compatible(tag, arch, glibc_version):
+                yield linux.replace("linux", tag)
+            # Handle the legacy manylinux1, manylinux2010, manylinux2014 tags.
+            if glibc_version in _LEGACY_MANYLINUX_MAP:
+                legacy_tag = _LEGACY_MANYLINUX_MAP[glibc_version]
+                if _is_compatible(legacy_tag, arch, glibc_version):
+                    yield linux.replace("linux", legacy_tag)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_musllinux.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_musllinux.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85450fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_musllinux.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+"""PEP 656 support.
+
+This module implements logic to detect if the currently running Python is
+linked against musl, and what musl version is used.
+"""
+
+import contextlib
+import functools
+import operator
+import os
+import re
+import struct
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from typing import IO, Iterator, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple
+
+
+def _read_unpacked(f: IO[bytes], fmt: str) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+    return struct.unpack(fmt, f.read(struct.calcsize(fmt)))
+
+
+def _parse_ld_musl_from_elf(f: IO[bytes]) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Detect musl libc location by parsing the Python executable.
+
+    Based on: https://gist.github.com/lyssdod/f51579ae8d93c8657a5564aefc2ffbca
+    ELF header: https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/elf/gabi4+/ch4.eheader.html
+    """
+    f.seek(0)
+    try:
+        ident = _read_unpacked(f, "16B")
+    except struct.error:
+        return None
+    if ident[:4] != tuple(b"\x7fELF"):  # Invalid magic, not ELF.
+        return None
+    f.seek(struct.calcsize("HHI"), 1)  # Skip file type, machine, and version.
+
+    try:
+        # e_fmt: Format for program header.
+        # p_fmt: Format for section header.
+        # p_idx: Indexes to find p_type, p_offset, and p_filesz.
+        e_fmt, p_fmt, p_idx = {
+            1: ("IIIIHHH", "IIIIIIII", (0, 1, 4)),  # 32-bit.
+            2: ("QQQIHHH", "IIQQQQQQ", (0, 2, 5)),  # 64-bit.
+        }[ident[4]]
+    except KeyError:
+        return None
+    else:
+        p_get = operator.itemgetter(*p_idx)
+
+    # Find the interpreter section and return its content.
+    try:
+        _, e_phoff, _, _, _, e_phentsize, e_phnum = _read_unpacked(f, e_fmt)
+    except struct.error:
+        return None
+    for i in range(e_phnum + 1):
+        f.seek(e_phoff + e_phentsize * i)
+        try:
+            p_type, p_offset, p_filesz = p_get(_read_unpacked(f, p_fmt))
+        except struct.error:
+            return None
+        if p_type != 3:  # Not PT_INTERP.
+            continue
+        f.seek(p_offset)
+        interpreter = os.fsdecode(f.read(p_filesz)).strip("\0")
+        if "musl" not in interpreter:
+            return None
+        return interpreter
+    return None
+
+
+class _MuslVersion(NamedTuple):
+    major: int
+    minor: int
+
+
+def _parse_musl_version(output: str) -> Optional[_MuslVersion]:
+    lines = [n for n in (n.strip() for n in output.splitlines()) if n]
+    if len(lines) < 2 or lines[0][:4] != "musl":
+        return None
+    m = re.match(r"Version (\d+)\.(\d+)", lines[1])
+    if not m:
+        return None
+    return _MuslVersion(major=int(m.group(1)), minor=int(m.group(2)))
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache()
+def _get_musl_version(executable: str) -> Optional[_MuslVersion]:
+    """Detect currently-running musl runtime version.
+
+    This is done by checking the specified executable's dynamic linking
+    information, and invoking the loader to parse its output for a version
+    string. If the loader is musl, the output would be something like::
+
+        musl libc (x86_64)
+        Version 1.2.2
+        Dynamic Program Loader
+    """
+    with contextlib.ExitStack() as stack:
+        try:
+            f = stack.enter_context(open(executable, "rb"))
+        except IOError:
+            return None
+        ld = _parse_ld_musl_from_elf(f)
+    if not ld:
+        return None
+    proc = subprocess.run([ld], stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
+    return _parse_musl_version(proc.stderr)
+
+
+def platform_tags(arch: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Generate musllinux tags compatible to the current platform.
+
+    :param arch: Should be the part of platform tag after the ``linux_``
+        prefix, e.g. ``x86_64``. The ``linux_`` prefix is assumed as a
+        prerequisite for the current platform to be musllinux-compatible.
+
+    :returns: An iterator of compatible musllinux tags.
+    """
+    sys_musl = _get_musl_version(sys.executable)
+    if sys_musl is None:  # Python not dynamically linked against musl.
+        return
+    for minor in range(sys_musl.minor, -1, -1):
+        yield f"musllinux_{sys_musl.major}_{minor}_{arch}"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import sysconfig
+
+    plat = sysconfig.get_platform()
+    assert plat.startswith("linux-"), "not linux"
+
+    print("plat:", plat)
+    print("musl:", _get_musl_version(sys.executable))
+    print("tags:", end=" ")
+    for t in platform_tags(re.sub(r"[.-]", "_", plat.split("-", 1)[-1])):
+        print(t, end="\n      ")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9515497
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+
+class InfinityType:
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __le__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return not isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __neg__(self: object) -> "NegativeInfinityType":
+        return NegativeInfinity
+
+
+Infinity = InfinityType()
+
+
+class NegativeInfinityType:
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "-Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __le__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return not isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __neg__(self: object) -> InfinityType:
+        return Infinity
+
+
+NegativeInfinity = NegativeInfinityType()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/markers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18769b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import operator
+import os
+import platform
+import sys
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from pkg_resources.extern.pyparsing import (  # noqa: N817
+    Forward,
+    Group,
+    Literal as L,
+    ParseException,
+    ParseResults,
+    QuotedString,
+    ZeroOrMore,
+    stringEnd,
+    stringStart,
+)
+
+from .specifiers import InvalidSpecifier, Specifier
+
+__all__ = [
+    "InvalidMarker",
+    "UndefinedComparison",
+    "UndefinedEnvironmentName",
+    "Marker",
+    "default_environment",
+]
+
+Operator = Callable[[str, str], bool]
+
+
+class InvalidMarker(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid marker was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedComparison(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid operation was attempted on a value that doesn't support it.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedEnvironmentName(ValueError):
+    """
+    A name was attempted to be used that does not exist inside of the
+    environment.
+    """
+
+
+class Node:
+    def __init__(self, value: Any) -> None:
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.value)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__}('{self}')>"
+
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Variable(Node):
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+class Value(Node):
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        return f'"{self}"'
+
+
+class Op(Node):
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+VARIABLE = (
+    L("implementation_version")
+    | L("platform_python_implementation")
+    | L("implementation_name")
+    | L("python_full_version")
+    | L("platform_release")
+    | L("platform_version")
+    | L("platform_machine")
+    | L("platform_system")
+    | L("python_version")
+    | L("sys_platform")
+    | L("os_name")
+    | L("os.name")  # PEP-345
+    | L("sys.platform")  # PEP-345
+    | L("platform.version")  # PEP-345
+    | L("platform.machine")  # PEP-345
+    | L("platform.python_implementation")  # PEP-345
+    | L("python_implementation")  # undocumented setuptools legacy
+    | L("extra")  # PEP-508
+)
+ALIASES = {
+    "os.name": "os_name",
+    "sys.platform": "sys_platform",
+    "platform.version": "platform_version",
+    "platform.machine": "platform_machine",
+    "platform.python_implementation": "platform_python_implementation",
+    "python_implementation": "platform_python_implementation",
+}
+VARIABLE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Variable(ALIASES.get(t[0], t[0])))
+
+VERSION_CMP = (
+    L("===") | L("==") | L(">=") | L("<=") | L("!=") | L("~=") | L(">") | L("<")
+)
+
+MARKER_OP = VERSION_CMP | L("not in") | L("in")
+MARKER_OP.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Op(t[0]))
+
+MARKER_VALUE = QuotedString("'") | QuotedString('"')
+MARKER_VALUE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Value(t[0]))
+
+BOOLOP = L("and") | L("or")
+
+MARKER_VAR = VARIABLE | MARKER_VALUE
+
+MARKER_ITEM = Group(MARKER_VAR + MARKER_OP + MARKER_VAR)
+MARKER_ITEM.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: tuple(t[0]))
+
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+
+MARKER_EXPR = Forward()
+MARKER_ATOM = MARKER_ITEM | Group(LPAREN + MARKER_EXPR + RPAREN)
+MARKER_EXPR << MARKER_ATOM + ZeroOrMore(BOOLOP + MARKER_EXPR)
+
+MARKER = stringStart + MARKER_EXPR + stringEnd
+
+
+def _coerce_parse_result(results: Union[ParseResults, List[Any]]) -> List[Any]:
+    if isinstance(results, ParseResults):
+        return [_coerce_parse_result(i) for i in results]
+    else:
+        return results
+
+
+def _format_marker(
+    marker: Union[List[str], Tuple[Node, ...], str], first: Optional[bool] = True
+) -> str:
+
+    assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, str))
+
+    # Sometimes we have a structure like [[...]] which is a single item list
+    # where the single item is itself it's own list. In that case we want skip
+    # the rest of this function so that we don't get extraneous () on the
+    # outside.
+    if (
+        isinstance(marker, list)
+        and len(marker) == 1
+        and isinstance(marker[0], (list, tuple))
+    ):
+        return _format_marker(marker[0])
+
+    if isinstance(marker, list):
+        inner = (_format_marker(m, first=False) for m in marker)
+        if first:
+            return " ".join(inner)
+        else:
+            return "(" + " ".join(inner) + ")"
+    elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+        return " ".join([m.serialize() for m in marker])
+    else:
+        return marker
+
+
+_operators: Dict[str, Operator] = {
+    "in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs in rhs,
+    "not in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs not in rhs,
+    "<": operator.lt,
+    "<=": operator.le,
+    "==": operator.eq,
+    "!=": operator.ne,
+    ">=": operator.ge,
+    ">": operator.gt,
+}
+
+
+def _eval_op(lhs: str, op: Op, rhs: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        spec = Specifier("".join([op.serialize(), rhs]))
+    except InvalidSpecifier:
+        pass
+    else:
+        return spec.contains(lhs)
+
+    oper: Optional[Operator] = _operators.get(op.serialize())
+    if oper is None:
+        raise UndefinedComparison(f"Undefined {op!r} on {lhs!r} and {rhs!r}.")
+
+    return oper(lhs, rhs)
+
+
+class Undefined:
+    pass
+
+
+_undefined = Undefined()
+
+
+def _get_env(environment: Dict[str, str], name: str) -> str:
+    value: Union[str, Undefined] = environment.get(name, _undefined)
+
+    if isinstance(value, Undefined):
+        raise UndefinedEnvironmentName(
+            f"{name!r} does not exist in evaluation environment."
+        )
+
+    return value
+
+
+def _evaluate_markers(markers: List[Any], environment: Dict[str, str]) -> bool:
+    groups: List[List[bool]] = [[]]
+
+    for marker in markers:
+        assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, str))
+
+        if isinstance(marker, list):
+            groups[-1].append(_evaluate_markers(marker, environment))
+        elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+            lhs, op, rhs = marker
+
+            if isinstance(lhs, Variable):
+                lhs_value = _get_env(environment, lhs.value)
+                rhs_value = rhs.value
+            else:
+                lhs_value = lhs.value
+                rhs_value = _get_env(environment, rhs.value)
+
+            groups[-1].append(_eval_op(lhs_value, op, rhs_value))
+        else:
+            assert marker in ["and", "or"]
+            if marker == "or":
+                groups.append([])
+
+    return any(all(item) for item in groups)
+
+
+def format_full_version(info: "sys._version_info") -> str:
+    version = "{0.major}.{0.minor}.{0.micro}".format(info)
+    kind = info.releaselevel
+    if kind != "final":
+        version += kind[0] + str(info.serial)
+    return version
+
+
+def default_environment() -> Dict[str, str]:
+    iver = format_full_version(sys.implementation.version)
+    implementation_name = sys.implementation.name
+    return {
+        "implementation_name": implementation_name,
+        "implementation_version": iver,
+        "os_name": os.name,
+        "platform_machine": platform.machine(),
+        "platform_release": platform.release(),
+        "platform_system": platform.system(),
+        "platform_version": platform.version(),
+        "python_full_version": platform.python_version(),
+        "platform_python_implementation": platform.python_implementation(),
+        "python_version": ".".join(platform.python_version_tuple()[:2]),
+        "sys_platform": sys.platform,
+    }
+
+
+class Marker:
+    def __init__(self, marker: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            self._markers = _coerce_parse_result(MARKER.parseString(marker))
+        except ParseException as e:
+            raise InvalidMarker(
+                f"Invalid marker: {marker!r}, parse error at "
+                f"{marker[e.loc : e.loc + 8]!r}"
+            )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return _format_marker(self._markers)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Marker('{self}')>"
+
+    def evaluate(self, environment: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None) -> bool:
+        """Evaluate a marker.
+
+        Return the boolean from evaluating the given marker against the
+        environment. environment is an optional argument to override all or
+        part of the determined environment.
+
+        The environment is determined from the current Python process.
+        """
+        current_environment = default_environment()
+        if environment is not None:
+            current_environment.update(environment)
+
+        return _evaluate_markers(self._markers, current_environment)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6af14ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import re
+import string
+import urllib.parse
+from typing import List, Optional as TOptional, Set
+
+from pkg_resources.extern.pyparsing import (  # noqa
+    Combine,
+    Literal as L,
+    Optional,
+    ParseException,
+    Regex,
+    Word,
+    ZeroOrMore,
+    originalTextFor,
+    stringEnd,
+    stringStart,
+)
+
+from .markers import MARKER_EXPR, Marker
+from .specifiers import LegacySpecifier, Specifier, SpecifierSet
+
+
+class InvalidRequirement(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid requirement was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+ALPHANUM = Word(string.ascii_letters + string.digits)
+
+LBRACKET = L("[").suppress()
+RBRACKET = L("]").suppress()
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+COMMA = L(",").suppress()
+SEMICOLON = L(";").suppress()
+AT = L("@").suppress()
+
+PUNCTUATION = Word("-_.")
+IDENTIFIER_END = ALPHANUM | (ZeroOrMore(PUNCTUATION) + ALPHANUM)
+IDENTIFIER = Combine(ALPHANUM + ZeroOrMore(IDENTIFIER_END))
+
+NAME = IDENTIFIER("name")
+EXTRA = IDENTIFIER
+
+URI = Regex(r"[^ ]+")("url")
+URL = AT + URI
+
+EXTRAS_LIST = EXTRA + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + EXTRA)
+EXTRAS = (LBRACKET + Optional(EXTRAS_LIST) + RBRACKET)("extras")
+
+VERSION_PEP440 = Regex(Specifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+VERSION_LEGACY = Regex(LegacySpecifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+VERSION_ONE = VERSION_PEP440 ^ VERSION_LEGACY
+VERSION_MANY = Combine(
+    VERSION_ONE + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + VERSION_ONE), joinString=",", adjacent=False
+)("_raw_spec")
+_VERSION_SPEC = Optional((LPAREN + VERSION_MANY + RPAREN) | VERSION_MANY)
+_VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t._raw_spec or "")
+
+VERSION_SPEC = originalTextFor(_VERSION_SPEC)("specifier")
+VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t[1])
+
+MARKER_EXPR = originalTextFor(MARKER_EXPR())("marker")
+MARKER_EXPR.setParseAction(
+    lambda s, l, t: Marker(s[t._original_start : t._original_end])
+)
+MARKER_SEPARATOR = SEMICOLON
+MARKER = MARKER_SEPARATOR + MARKER_EXPR
+
+VERSION_AND_MARKER = VERSION_SPEC + Optional(MARKER)
+URL_AND_MARKER = URL + Optional(MARKER)
+
+NAMED_REQUIREMENT = NAME + Optional(EXTRAS) + (URL_AND_MARKER | VERSION_AND_MARKER)
+
+REQUIREMENT = stringStart + NAMED_REQUIREMENT + stringEnd
+# pkg_resources.extern.pyparsing isn't thread safe during initialization, so we do it eagerly, see
+# issue #104
+REQUIREMENT.parseString("x[]")
+
+
+class Requirement:
+    """Parse a requirement.
+
+    Parse a given requirement string into its parts, such as name, specifier,
+    URL, and extras. Raises InvalidRequirement on a badly-formed requirement
+    string.
+    """
+
+    # TODO: Can we test whether something is contained within a requirement?
+    #       If so how do we do that? Do we need to test against the _name_ of
+    #       the thing as well as the version? What about the markers?
+    # TODO: Can we normalize the name and extra name?
+
+    def __init__(self, requirement_string: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            req = REQUIREMENT.parseString(requirement_string)
+        except ParseException as e:
+            raise InvalidRequirement(
+                f'Parse error at "{ requirement_string[e.loc : e.loc + 8]!r}": {e.msg}'
+            )
+
+        self.name: str = req.name
+        if req.url:
+            parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(req.url)
+            if parsed_url.scheme == "file":
+                if urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed_url) != req.url:
+                    raise InvalidRequirement("Invalid URL given")
+            elif not (parsed_url.scheme and parsed_url.netloc) or (
+                not parsed_url.scheme and not parsed_url.netloc
+            ):
+                raise InvalidRequirement(f"Invalid URL: {req.url}")
+            self.url: TOptional[str] = req.url
+        else:
+            self.url = None
+        self.extras: Set[str] = set(req.extras.asList() if req.extras else [])
+        self.specifier: SpecifierSet = SpecifierSet(req.specifier)
+        self.marker: TOptional[Marker] = req.marker if req.marker else None
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        parts: List[str] = [self.name]
+
+        if self.extras:
+            formatted_extras = ",".join(sorted(self.extras))
+            parts.append(f"[{formatted_extras}]")
+
+        if self.specifier:
+            parts.append(str(self.specifier))
+
+        if self.url:
+            parts.append(f"@ {self.url}")
+            if self.marker:
+                parts.append(" ")
+
+        if self.marker:
+            parts.append(f"; {self.marker}")
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Requirement('{self}')>"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce66bd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,828 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import abc
+import functools
+import itertools
+import re
+import warnings
+from typing import (
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from .utils import canonicalize_version
+from .version import LegacyVersion, Version, parse
+
+ParsedVersion = Union[Version, LegacyVersion]
+UnparsedVersion = Union[Version, LegacyVersion, str]
+VersionTypeVar = TypeVar("VersionTypeVar", bound=UnparsedVersion)
+CallableOperator = Callable[[ParsedVersion, str], bool]
+
+
+class InvalidSpecifier(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid specifier was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class BaseSpecifier(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Returns the str representation of this Specifier like object. This
+        should be representative of the Specifier itself.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Returns a hash value for this Specifier like object.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        """
+        Returns a boolean representing whether or not the two Specifier like
+        objects are equal.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        """
+        Returns a boolean representing whether or not the two Specifier like
+        objects are not equal.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractproperty
+    def prereleases(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        """
+        Returns whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        """
+        Sets whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def contains(self, item: str, prereleases: Optional[bool] = None) -> bool:
+        """
+        Determines if the given item is contained within this specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def filter(
+        self, iterable: Iterable[VersionTypeVar], prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[VersionTypeVar]:
+        """
+        Takes an iterable of items and filters them so that only items which
+        are contained within this specifier are allowed in it.
+        """
+
+
+class _IndividualSpecifier(BaseSpecifier):
+
+    _operators: Dict[str, str] = {}
+    _regex: Pattern[str]
+
+    def __init__(self, spec: str = "", prereleases: Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+        match = self._regex.search(spec)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidSpecifier(f"Invalid specifier: '{spec}'")
+
+        self._spec: Tuple[str, str] = (
+            match.group("operator").strip(),
+            match.group("version").strip(),
+        )
+
+        # Store whether or not this Specifier should accept prereleases
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        pre = (
+            f", prereleases={self.prereleases!r}"
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return "<{}({!r}{})>".format(self.__class__.__name__, str(self), pre)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "{}{}".format(*self._spec)
+
+    @property
+    def _canonical_spec(self) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+        return self._spec[0], canonicalize_version(self._spec[1])
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._canonical_spec)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            try:
+                other = self.__class__(str(other))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                return NotImplemented
+        elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._canonical_spec == other._canonical_spec
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            try:
+                other = self.__class__(str(other))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                return NotImplemented
+        elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._spec != other._spec
+
+    def _get_operator(self, op: str) -> CallableOperator:
+        operator_callable: CallableOperator = getattr(
+            self, f"_compare_{self._operators[op]}"
+        )
+        return operator_callable
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version: UnparsedVersion) -> ParsedVersion:
+        if not isinstance(version, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            version = parse(version)
+        return version
+
+    @property
+    def operator(self) -> str:
+        return self._spec[0]
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> str:
+        return self._spec[1]
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return self._prereleases
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item: str) -> bool:
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(
+        self, item: UnparsedVersion, prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+
+        # Determine if prereleases are to be allowed or not.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # Normalize item to a Version or LegacyVersion, this allows us to have
+        # a shortcut for ``"2.0" in Specifier(">=2")
+        normalized_item = self._coerce_version(item)
+
+        # Determine if we should be supporting prereleases in this specifier
+        # or not, if we do not support prereleases than we can short circuit
+        # logic if this version is a prereleases.
+        if normalized_item.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+            return False
+
+        # Actually do the comparison to determine if this item is contained
+        # within this Specifier or not.
+        operator_callable: CallableOperator = self._get_operator(self.operator)
+        return operator_callable(normalized_item, self.version)
+
+    def filter(
+        self, iterable: Iterable[VersionTypeVar], prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[VersionTypeVar]:
+
+        yielded = False
+        found_prereleases = []
+
+        kw = {"prereleases": prereleases if prereleases is not None else True}
+
+        # Attempt to iterate over all the values in the iterable and if any of
+        # them match, yield them.
+        for version in iterable:
+            parsed_version = self._coerce_version(version)
+
+            if self.contains(parsed_version, **kw):
+                # If our version is a prerelease, and we were not set to allow
+                # prereleases, then we'll store it for later in case nothing
+                # else matches this specifier.
+                if parsed_version.is_prerelease and not (
+                    prereleases or self.prereleases
+                ):
+                    found_prereleases.append(version)
+                # Either this is not a prerelease, or we should have been
+                # accepting prereleases from the beginning.
+                else:
+                    yielded = True
+                    yield version
+
+        # Now that we've iterated over everything, determine if we've yielded
+        # any values, and if we have not and we have any prereleases stored up
+        # then we will go ahead and yield the prereleases.
+        if not yielded and found_prereleases:
+            for version in found_prereleases:
+                yield version
+
+
+class LegacySpecifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = r"""
+        (?P<operator>(==|!=|<=|>=|<|>))
+        \s*
+        (?P<version>
+            [^,;\s)]* # Since this is a "legacy" specifier, and the version
+                      # string can be just about anything, we match everything
+                      # except for whitespace, a semi-colon for marker support,
+                      # a closing paren since versions can be enclosed in
+                      # them, and a comma since it's a version separator.
+        )
+        """
+
+    _regex = re.compile(r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, spec: str = "", prereleases: Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(spec, prereleases)
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Creating a LegacyVersion has been deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in the next major release",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version: UnparsedVersion) -> LegacyVersion:
+        if not isinstance(version, LegacyVersion):
+            version = LegacyVersion(str(version))
+        return version
+
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective == self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective != self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective <= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(
+        self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str
+    ) -> bool:
+        return prospective >= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective < self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective > self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+
+def _require_version_compare(
+    fn: Callable[["Specifier", ParsedVersion, str], bool]
+) -> Callable[["Specifier", ParsedVersion, str], bool]:
+    @functools.wraps(fn)
+    def wrapped(self: "Specifier", prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(prospective, Version):
+            return False
+        return fn(self, prospective, spec)
+
+    return wrapped
+
+
+class Specifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = r"""
+        (?P<operator>(~=|==|!=|<=|>=|<|>|===))
+        (?P<version>
+            (?:
+                # The identity operators allow for an escape hatch that will
+                # do an exact string match of the version you wish to install.
+                # This will not be parsed by PEP 440 and we cannot determine
+                # any semantic meaning from it. This operator is discouraged
+                # but included entirely as an escape hatch.
+                (?<====)  # Only match for the identity operator
+                \s*
+                [^\s]*    # We just match everything, except for whitespace
+                          # since we are only testing for strict identity.
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The (non)equality operators allow for wild card and local
+                # versions to be specified so we have to define these two
+                # operators separately to enable that.
+                (?<===|!=)            # Only match for equals and not equals
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+
+                # You cannot use a wild card and a dev or local version
+                # together so group them with a | and make them optional.
+                (?:
+                    (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?         # dev release
+                    (?:\+[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*)? # local
+                    |
+                    \.\*  # Wild card syntax of .*
+                )?
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The compatible operator requires at least two digits in the
+                # release segment.
+                (?<=~=)               # Only match for the compatible operator
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)+   # release  (We have a + instead of a *)
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # All other operators only allow a sub set of what the
+                # (non)equality operators do. Specifically they do not allow
+                # local versions to be specified nor do they allow the prefix
+                # matching wild cards.
+                (?<!==|!=|~=)         # We have special cases for these
+                                      # operators so we want to make sure they
+                                      # don't match here.
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+        )
+        """
+
+    _regex = re.compile(r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "~=": "compatible",
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+        "===": "arbitrary",
+    }
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_compatible(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+
+        # Compatible releases have an equivalent combination of >= and ==. That
+        # is that ~=2.2 is equivalent to >=2.2,==2.*. This allows us to
+        # implement this in terms of the other specifiers instead of
+        # implementing it ourselves. The only thing we need to do is construct
+        # the other specifiers.
+
+        # We want everything but the last item in the version, but we want to
+        # ignore suffix segments.
+        prefix = ".".join(
+            list(itertools.takewhile(_is_not_suffix, _version_split(spec)))[:-1]
+        )
+
+        # Add the prefix notation to the end of our string
+        prefix += ".*"
+
+        return self._get_operator(">=")(prospective, spec) and self._get_operator("==")(
+            prospective, prefix
+        )
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+
+        # We need special logic to handle prefix matching
+        if spec.endswith(".*"):
+            # In the case of prefix matching we want to ignore local segment.
+            prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+            # Split the spec out by dots, and pretend that there is an implicit
+            # dot in between a release segment and a pre-release segment.
+            split_spec = _version_split(spec[:-2])  # Remove the trailing .*
+
+            # Split the prospective version out by dots, and pretend that there
+            # is an implicit dot in between a release segment and a pre-release
+            # segment.
+            split_prospective = _version_split(str(prospective))
+
+            # Shorten the prospective version to be the same length as the spec
+            # so that we can determine if the specifier is a prefix of the
+            # prospective version or not.
+            shortened_prospective = split_prospective[: len(split_spec)]
+
+            # Pad out our two sides with zeros so that they both equal the same
+            # length.
+            padded_spec, padded_prospective = _pad_version(
+                split_spec, shortened_prospective
+            )
+
+            return padded_prospective == padded_spec
+        else:
+            # Convert our spec string into a Version
+            spec_version = Version(spec)
+
+            # If the specifier does not have a local segment, then we want to
+            # act as if the prospective version also does not have a local
+            # segment.
+            if not spec_version.local:
+                prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+
+            return prospective == spec_version
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return not self._compare_equal(prospective, spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+
+        # NB: Local version identifiers are NOT permitted in the version
+        # specifier, so local version labels can be universally removed from
+        # the prospective version.
+        return Version(prospective.public) <= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(
+        self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str
+    ) -> bool:
+
+        # NB: Local version identifiers are NOT permitted in the version
+        # specifier, so local version labels can be universally removed from
+        # the prospective version.
+        return Version(prospective.public) >= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec_str: str) -> bool:
+
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec_str)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is less than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective < spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a pre-release version, that we do not accept pre-release
+        # versions for the version mentioned in the specifier (e.g. <3.1 should
+        # not match 3.1.dev0, but should match 3.0.dev0).
+        if not spec.is_prerelease and prospective.is_prerelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # less than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the same
+        # version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec_str: str) -> bool:
+
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec_str)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is greater than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective > spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a post-release version, that we do not accept
+        # post-release versions for the version mentioned in the specifier
+        # (e.g. >3.1 should not match 3.0.post0, but should match 3.2.post0).
+        if not spec.is_postrelease and prospective.is_postrelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # Ensure that we do not allow a local version of the version mentioned
+        # in the specifier, which is technically greater than, to match.
+        if prospective.local is not None:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # greater than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the
+        # same version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    def _compare_arbitrary(self, prospective: Version, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return str(prospective).lower() == str(spec).lower()
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self) -> bool:
+
+        # If there is an explicit prereleases set for this, then we'll just
+        # blindly use that.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # Look at all of our specifiers and determine if they are inclusive
+        # operators, and if they are if they are including an explicit
+        # prerelease.
+        operator, version = self._spec
+        if operator in ["==", ">=", "<=", "~=", "==="]:
+            # The == specifier can include a trailing .*, if it does we
+            # want to remove before parsing.
+            if operator == "==" and version.endswith(".*"):
+                version = version[:-2]
+
+            # Parse the version, and if it is a pre-release than this
+            # specifier allows pre-releases.
+            if parse(version).is_prerelease:
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+
+_prefix_regex = re.compile(r"^([0-9]+)((?:a|b|c|rc)[0-9]+)$")
+
+
+def _version_split(version: str) -> List[str]:
+    result: List[str] = []
+    for item in version.split("."):
+        match = _prefix_regex.search(item)
+        if match:
+            result.extend(match.groups())
+        else:
+            result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+def _is_not_suffix(segment: str) -> bool:
+    return not any(
+        segment.startswith(prefix) for prefix in ("dev", "a", "b", "rc", "post")
+    )
+
+
+def _pad_version(left: List[str], right: List[str]) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str]]:
+    left_split, right_split = [], []
+
+    # Get the release segment of our versions
+    left_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), left)))
+    right_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), right)))
+
+    # Get the rest of our versions
+    left_split.append(left[len(left_split[0]) :])
+    right_split.append(right[len(right_split[0]) :])
+
+    # Insert our padding
+    left_split.insert(1, ["0"] * max(0, len(right_split[0]) - len(left_split[0])))
+    right_split.insert(1, ["0"] * max(0, len(left_split[0]) - len(right_split[0])))
+
+    return (list(itertools.chain(*left_split)), list(itertools.chain(*right_split)))
+
+
+class SpecifierSet(BaseSpecifier):
+    def __init__(
+        self, specifiers: str = "", prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> None:
+
+        # Split on , to break each individual specifier into it's own item, and
+        # strip each item to remove leading/trailing whitespace.
+        split_specifiers = [s.strip() for s in specifiers.split(",") if s.strip()]
+
+        # Parsed each individual specifier, attempting first to make it a
+        # Specifier and falling back to a LegacySpecifier.
+        parsed: Set[_IndividualSpecifier] = set()
+        for specifier in split_specifiers:
+            try:
+                parsed.add(Specifier(specifier))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                parsed.add(LegacySpecifier(specifier))
+
+        # Turn our parsed specifiers into a frozen set and save them for later.
+        self._specs = frozenset(parsed)
+
+        # Store our prereleases value so we can use it later to determine if
+        # we accept prereleases or not.
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        pre = (
+            f", prereleases={self.prereleases!r}"
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return "<SpecifierSet({!r}{})>".format(str(self), pre)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return ",".join(sorted(str(s) for s in self._specs))
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._specs)
+
+    def __and__(self, other: Union["SpecifierSet", str]) -> "SpecifierSet":
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            other = SpecifierSet(other)
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        specifier = SpecifierSet()
+        specifier._specs = frozenset(self._specs | other._specs)
+
+        if self._prereleases is None and other._prereleases is not None:
+            specifier._prereleases = other._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases is not None and other._prereleases is None:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases == other._prereleases:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Cannot combine SpecifierSets with True and False prerelease "
+                "overrides."
+            )
+
+        return specifier
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, (str, _IndividualSpecifier)):
+            other = SpecifierSet(str(other))
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._specs == other._specs
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, (str, _IndividualSpecifier)):
+            other = SpecifierSet(str(other))
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._specs != other._specs
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._specs)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[_IndividualSpecifier]:
+        return iter(self._specs)
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+
+        # If we have been given an explicit prerelease modifier, then we'll
+        # pass that through here.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # If we don't have any specifiers, and we don't have a forced value,
+        # then we'll just return None since we don't know if this should have
+        # pre-releases or not.
+        if not self._specs:
+            return None
+
+        # Otherwise we'll see if any of the given specifiers accept
+        # prereleases, if any of them do we'll return True, otherwise False.
+        return any(s.prereleases for s in self._specs)
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item: UnparsedVersion) -> bool:
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(
+        self, item: UnparsedVersion, prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+
+        # Ensure that our item is a Version or LegacyVersion instance.
+        if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            item = parse(item)
+
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # We can determine if we're going to allow pre-releases by looking to
+        # see if any of the underlying items supports them. If none of them do
+        # and this item is a pre-release then we do not allow it and we can
+        # short circuit that here.
+        # Note: This means that 1.0.dev1 would not be contained in something
+        #       like >=1.0.devabc however it would be in >=1.0.debabc,>0.0.dev0
+        if not prereleases and item.is_prerelease:
+            return False
+
+        # We simply dispatch to the underlying specs here to make sure that the
+        # given version is contained within all of them.
+        # Note: This use of all() here means that an empty set of specifiers
+        #       will always return True, this is an explicit design decision.
+        return all(s.contains(item, prereleases=prereleases) for s in self._specs)
+
+    def filter(
+        self, iterable: Iterable[VersionTypeVar], prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[VersionTypeVar]:
+
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # If we have any specifiers, then we want to wrap our iterable in the
+        # filter method for each one, this will act as a logical AND amongst
+        # each specifier.
+        if self._specs:
+            for spec in self._specs:
+                iterable = spec.filter(iterable, prereleases=bool(prereleases))
+            return iterable
+        # If we do not have any specifiers, then we need to have a rough filter
+        # which will filter out any pre-releases, unless there are no final
+        # releases, and which will filter out LegacyVersion in general.
+        else:
+            filtered: List[VersionTypeVar] = []
+            found_prereleases: List[VersionTypeVar] = []
+
+            item: UnparsedVersion
+            parsed_version: Union[Version, LegacyVersion]
+
+            for item in iterable:
+                # Ensure that we some kind of Version class for this item.
+                if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+                    parsed_version = parse(item)
+                else:
+                    parsed_version = item
+
+                # Filter out any item which is parsed as a LegacyVersion
+                if isinstance(parsed_version, LegacyVersion):
+                    continue
+
+                # Store any item which is a pre-release for later unless we've
+                # already found a final version or we are accepting prereleases
+                if parsed_version.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+                    if not filtered:
+                        found_prereleases.append(item)
+                else:
+                    filtered.append(item)
+
+            # If we've found no items except for pre-releases, then we'll go
+            # ahead and use the pre-releases
+            if not filtered and found_prereleases and prereleases is None:
+                return found_prereleases
+
+            return filtered
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/tags.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/tags.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e65890a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/tags.py
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import logging
+import platform
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+from importlib.machinery import EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+from typing import (
+    Dict,
+    FrozenSet,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from . import _manylinux, _musllinux
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+PythonVersion = Sequence[int]
+MacVersion = Tuple[int, int]
+
+INTERPRETER_SHORT_NAMES: Dict[str, str] = {
+    "python": "py",  # Generic.
+    "cpython": "cp",
+    "pypy": "pp",
+    "ironpython": "ip",
+    "jython": "jy",
+}
+
+
+_32_BIT_INTERPRETER = sys.maxsize <= 2 ** 32
+
+
+class Tag:
+    """
+    A representation of the tag triple for a wheel.
+
+    Instances are considered immutable and thus are hashable. Equality checking
+    is also supported.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["_interpreter", "_abi", "_platform", "_hash"]
+
+    def __init__(self, interpreter: str, abi: str, platform: str) -> None:
+        self._interpreter = interpreter.lower()
+        self._abi = abi.lower()
+        self._platform = platform.lower()
+        # The __hash__ of every single element in a Set[Tag] will be evaluated each time
+        # that a set calls its `.disjoint()` method, which may be called hundreds of
+        # times when scanning a page of links for packages with tags matching that
+        # Set[Tag]. Pre-computing the value here produces significant speedups for
+        # downstream consumers.
+        self._hash = hash((self._interpreter, self._abi, self._platform))
+
+    @property
+    def interpreter(self) -> str:
+        return self._interpreter
+
+    @property
+    def abi(self) -> str:
+        return self._abi
+
+    @property
+    def platform(self) -> str:
+        return self._platform
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, Tag):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return (
+            (self._hash == other._hash)  # Short-circuit ASAP for perf reasons.
+            and (self._platform == other._platform)
+            and (self._abi == other._abi)
+            and (self._interpreter == other._interpreter)
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return self._hash
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self._interpreter}-{self._abi}-{self._platform}"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<{self} @ {self_id}>".format(self=self, self_id=id(self))
+
+
+def parse_tag(tag: str) -> FrozenSet[Tag]:
+    """
+    Parses the provided tag (e.g. `py3-none-any`) into a frozenset of Tag instances.
+
+    Returning a set is required due to the possibility that the tag is a
+    compressed tag set.
+    """
+    tags = set()
+    interpreters, abis, platforms = tag.split("-")
+    for interpreter in interpreters.split("."):
+        for abi in abis.split("."):
+            for platform_ in platforms.split("."):
+                tags.add(Tag(interpreter, abi, platform_))
+    return frozenset(tags)
+
+
+def _get_config_var(name: str, warn: bool = False) -> Union[int, str, None]:
+    value = sysconfig.get_config_var(name)
+    if value is None and warn:
+        logger.debug(
+            "Config variable '%s' is unset, Python ABI tag may be incorrect", name
+        )
+    return value
+
+
+def _normalize_string(string: str) -> str:
+    return string.replace(".", "_").replace("-", "_")
+
+
+def _abi3_applies(python_version: PythonVersion) -> bool:
+    """
+    Determine if the Python version supports abi3.
+
+    PEP 384 was first implemented in Python 3.2.
+    """
+    return len(python_version) > 1 and tuple(python_version) >= (3, 2)
+
+
+def _cpython_abis(py_version: PythonVersion, warn: bool = False) -> List[str]:
+    py_version = tuple(py_version)  # To allow for version comparison.
+    abis = []
+    version = _version_nodot(py_version[:2])
+    debug = pymalloc = ucs4 = ""
+    with_debug = _get_config_var("Py_DEBUG", warn)
+    has_refcount = hasattr(sys, "gettotalrefcount")
+    # Windows doesn't set Py_DEBUG, so checking for support of debug-compiled
+    # extension modules is the best option.
+    # https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/3383#issuecomment-173267692
+    has_ext = "_d.pyd" in EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+    if with_debug or (with_debug is None and (has_refcount or has_ext)):
+        debug = "d"
+    if py_version < (3, 8):
+        with_pymalloc = _get_config_var("WITH_PYMALLOC", warn)
+        if with_pymalloc or with_pymalloc is None:
+            pymalloc = "m"
+        if py_version < (3, 3):
+            unicode_size = _get_config_var("Py_UNICODE_SIZE", warn)
+            if unicode_size == 4 or (
+                unicode_size is None and sys.maxunicode == 0x10FFFF
+            ):
+                ucs4 = "u"
+    elif debug:
+        # Debug builds can also load "normal" extension modules.
+        # We can also assume no UCS-4 or pymalloc requirement.
+        abis.append(f"cp{version}")
+    abis.insert(
+        0,
+        "cp{version}{debug}{pymalloc}{ucs4}".format(
+            version=version, debug=debug, pymalloc=pymalloc, ucs4=ucs4
+        ),
+    )
+    return abis
+
+
+def cpython_tags(
+    python_version: Optional[PythonVersion] = None,
+    abis: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    *,
+    warn: bool = False,
+) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Yields the tags for a CPython interpreter.
+
+    The tags consist of:
+    - cp<python_version>-<abi>-<platform>
+    - cp<python_version>-abi3-<platform>
+    - cp<python_version>-none-<platform>
+    - cp<less than python_version>-abi3-<platform>  # Older Python versions down to 3.2.
+
+    If python_version only specifies a major version then user-provided ABIs and
+    the 'none' ABItag will be used.
+
+    If 'abi3' or 'none' are specified in 'abis' then they will be yielded at
+    their normal position and not at the beginning.
+    """
+    if not python_version:
+        python_version = sys.version_info[:2]
+
+    interpreter = "cp{}".format(_version_nodot(python_version[:2]))
+
+    if abis is None:
+        if len(python_version) > 1:
+            abis = _cpython_abis(python_version, warn)
+        else:
+            abis = []
+    abis = list(abis)
+    # 'abi3' and 'none' are explicitly handled later.
+    for explicit_abi in ("abi3", "none"):
+        try:
+            abis.remove(explicit_abi)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+
+    platforms = list(platforms or platform_tags())
+    for abi in abis:
+        for platform_ in platforms:
+            yield Tag(interpreter, abi, platform_)
+    if _abi3_applies(python_version):
+        yield from (Tag(interpreter, "abi3", platform_) for platform_ in platforms)
+    yield from (Tag(interpreter, "none", platform_) for platform_ in platforms)
+
+    if _abi3_applies(python_version):
+        for minor_version in range(python_version[1] - 1, 1, -1):
+            for platform_ in platforms:
+                interpreter = "cp{version}".format(
+                    version=_version_nodot((python_version[0], minor_version))
+                )
+                yield Tag(interpreter, "abi3", platform_)
+
+
+def _generic_abi() -> Iterator[str]:
+    abi = sysconfig.get_config_var("SOABI")
+    if abi:
+        yield _normalize_string(abi)
+
+
+def generic_tags(
+    interpreter: Optional[str] = None,
+    abis: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    *,
+    warn: bool = False,
+) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Yields the tags for a generic interpreter.
+
+    The tags consist of:
+    - <interpreter>-<abi>-<platform>
+
+    The "none" ABI will be added if it was not explicitly provided.
+    """
+    if not interpreter:
+        interp_name = interpreter_name()
+        interp_version = interpreter_version(warn=warn)
+        interpreter = "".join([interp_name, interp_version])
+    if abis is None:
+        abis = _generic_abi()
+    platforms = list(platforms or platform_tags())
+    abis = list(abis)
+    if "none" not in abis:
+        abis.append("none")
+    for abi in abis:
+        for platform_ in platforms:
+            yield Tag(interpreter, abi, platform_)
+
+
+def _py_interpreter_range(py_version: PythonVersion) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Yields Python versions in descending order.
+
+    After the latest version, the major-only version will be yielded, and then
+    all previous versions of that major version.
+    """
+    if len(py_version) > 1:
+        yield "py{version}".format(version=_version_nodot(py_version[:2]))
+    yield "py{major}".format(major=py_version[0])
+    if len(py_version) > 1:
+        for minor in range(py_version[1] - 1, -1, -1):
+            yield "py{version}".format(version=_version_nodot((py_version[0], minor)))
+
+
+def compatible_tags(
+    python_version: Optional[PythonVersion] = None,
+    interpreter: Optional[str] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Yields the sequence of tags that are compatible with a specific version of Python.
+
+    The tags consist of:
+    - py*-none-<platform>
+    - <interpreter>-none-any  # ... if `interpreter` is provided.
+    - py*-none-any
+    """
+    if not python_version:
+        python_version = sys.version_info[:2]
+    platforms = list(platforms or platform_tags())
+    for version in _py_interpreter_range(python_version):
+        for platform_ in platforms:
+            yield Tag(version, "none", platform_)
+    if interpreter:
+        yield Tag(interpreter, "none", "any")
+    for version in _py_interpreter_range(python_version):
+        yield Tag(version, "none", "any")
+
+
+def _mac_arch(arch: str, is_32bit: bool = _32_BIT_INTERPRETER) -> str:
+    if not is_32bit:
+        return arch
+
+    if arch.startswith("ppc"):
+        return "ppc"
+
+    return "i386"
+
+
+def _mac_binary_formats(version: MacVersion, cpu_arch: str) -> List[str]:
+    formats = [cpu_arch]
+    if cpu_arch == "x86_64":
+        if version < (10, 4):
+            return []
+        formats.extend(["intel", "fat64", "fat32"])
+
+    elif cpu_arch == "i386":
+        if version < (10, 4):
+            return []
+        formats.extend(["intel", "fat32", "fat"])
+
+    elif cpu_arch == "ppc64":
+        # TODO: Need to care about 32-bit PPC for ppc64 through 10.2?
+        if version > (10, 5) or version < (10, 4):
+            return []
+        formats.append("fat64")
+
+    elif cpu_arch == "ppc":
+        if version > (10, 6):
+            return []
+        formats.extend(["fat32", "fat"])
+
+    if cpu_arch in {"arm64", "x86_64"}:
+        formats.append("universal2")
+
+    if cpu_arch in {"x86_64", "i386", "ppc64", "ppc", "intel"}:
+        formats.append("universal")
+
+    return formats
+
+
+def mac_platforms(
+    version: Optional[MacVersion] = None, arch: Optional[str] = None
+) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Yields the platform tags for a macOS system.
+
+    The `version` parameter is a two-item tuple specifying the macOS version to
+    generate platform tags for. The `arch` parameter is the CPU architecture to
+    generate platform tags for. Both parameters default to the appropriate value
+    for the current system.
+    """
+    version_str, _, cpu_arch = platform.mac_ver()
+    if version is None:
+        version = cast("MacVersion", tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2])))
+    else:
+        version = version
+    if arch is None:
+        arch = _mac_arch(cpu_arch)
+    else:
+        arch = arch
+
+    if (10, 0) <= version and version < (11, 0):
+        # Prior to Mac OS 11, each yearly release of Mac OS bumped the
+        # "minor" version number.  The major version was always 10.
+        for minor_version in range(version[1], -1, -1):
+            compat_version = 10, minor_version
+            binary_formats = _mac_binary_formats(compat_version, arch)
+            for binary_format in binary_formats:
+                yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                    major=10, minor=minor_version, binary_format=binary_format
+                )
+
+    if version >= (11, 0):
+        # Starting with Mac OS 11, each yearly release bumps the major version
+        # number.   The minor versions are now the midyear updates.
+        for major_version in range(version[0], 10, -1):
+            compat_version = major_version, 0
+            binary_formats = _mac_binary_formats(compat_version, arch)
+            for binary_format in binary_formats:
+                yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                    major=major_version, minor=0, binary_format=binary_format
+                )
+
+    if version >= (11, 0):
+        # Mac OS 11 on x86_64 is compatible with binaries from previous releases.
+        # Arm64 support was introduced in 11.0, so no Arm binaries from previous
+        # releases exist.
+        #
+        # However, the "universal2" binary format can have a
+        # macOS version earlier than 11.0 when the x86_64 part of the binary supports
+        # that version of macOS.
+        if arch == "x86_64":
+            for minor_version in range(16, 3, -1):
+                compat_version = 10, minor_version
+                binary_formats = _mac_binary_formats(compat_version, arch)
+                for binary_format in binary_formats:
+                    yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                        major=compat_version[0],
+                        minor=compat_version[1],
+                        binary_format=binary_format,
+                    )
+        else:
+            for minor_version in range(16, 3, -1):
+                compat_version = 10, minor_version
+                binary_format = "universal2"
+                yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                    major=compat_version[0],
+                    minor=compat_version[1],
+                    binary_format=binary_format,
+                )
+
+
+def _linux_platforms(is_32bit: bool = _32_BIT_INTERPRETER) -> Iterator[str]:
+    linux = _normalize_string(sysconfig.get_platform())
+    if is_32bit:
+        if linux == "linux_x86_64":
+            linux = "linux_i686"
+        elif linux == "linux_aarch64":
+            linux = "linux_armv7l"
+    _, arch = linux.split("_", 1)
+    yield from _manylinux.platform_tags(linux, arch)
+    yield from _musllinux.platform_tags(arch)
+    yield linux
+
+
+def _generic_platforms() -> Iterator[str]:
+    yield _normalize_string(sysconfig.get_platform())
+
+
+def platform_tags() -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Provides the platform tags for this installation.
+    """
+    if platform.system() == "Darwin":
+        return mac_platforms()
+    elif platform.system() == "Linux":
+        return _linux_platforms()
+    else:
+        return _generic_platforms()
+
+
+def interpreter_name() -> str:
+    """
+    Returns the name of the running interpreter.
+    """
+    name = sys.implementation.name
+    return INTERPRETER_SHORT_NAMES.get(name) or name
+
+
+def interpreter_version(*, warn: bool = False) -> str:
+    """
+    Returns the version of the running interpreter.
+    """
+    version = _get_config_var("py_version_nodot", warn=warn)
+    if version:
+        version = str(version)
+    else:
+        version = _version_nodot(sys.version_info[:2])
+    return version
+
+
+def _version_nodot(version: PythonVersion) -> str:
+    return "".join(map(str, version))
+
+
+def sys_tags(*, warn: bool = False) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Returns the sequence of tag triples for the running interpreter.
+
+    The order of the sequence corresponds to priority order for the
+    interpreter, from most to least important.
+    """
+
+    interp_name = interpreter_name()
+    if interp_name == "cp":
+        yield from cpython_tags(warn=warn)
+    else:
+        yield from generic_tags()
+
+    yield from compatible_tags()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bab11b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import re
+from typing import FrozenSet, NewType, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+from .tags import Tag, parse_tag
+from .version import InvalidVersion, Version
+
+BuildTag = Union[Tuple[()], Tuple[int, str]]
+NormalizedName = NewType("NormalizedName", str)
+
+
+class InvalidWheelFilename(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid wheel filename was found, users should refer to PEP 427.
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidSdistFilename(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid sdist filename was found, users should refer to the packaging user guide.
+    """
+
+
+_canonicalize_regex = re.compile(r"[-_.]+")
+# PEP 427: The build number must start with a digit.
+_build_tag_regex = re.compile(r"(\d+)(.*)")
+
+
+def canonicalize_name(name: str) -> NormalizedName:
+    # This is taken from PEP 503.
+    value = _canonicalize_regex.sub("-", name).lower()
+    return cast(NormalizedName, value)
+
+
+def canonicalize_version(version: Union[Version, str]) -> str:
+    """
+    This is very similar to Version.__str__, but has one subtle difference
+    with the way it handles the release segment.
+    """
+    if isinstance(version, str):
+        try:
+            parsed = Version(version)
+        except InvalidVersion:
+            # Legacy versions cannot be normalized
+            return version
+    else:
+        parsed = version
+
+    parts = []
+
+    # Epoch
+    if parsed.epoch != 0:
+        parts.append(f"{parsed.epoch}!")
+
+    # Release segment
+    # NB: This strips trailing '.0's to normalize
+    parts.append(re.sub(r"(\.0)+$", "", ".".join(str(x) for x in parsed.release)))
+
+    # Pre-release
+    if parsed.pre is not None:
+        parts.append("".join(str(x) for x in parsed.pre))
+
+    # Post-release
+    if parsed.post is not None:
+        parts.append(f".post{parsed.post}")
+
+    # Development release
+    if parsed.dev is not None:
+        parts.append(f".dev{parsed.dev}")
+
+    # Local version segment
+    if parsed.local is not None:
+        parts.append(f"+{parsed.local}")
+
+    return "".join(parts)
+
+
+def parse_wheel_filename(
+    filename: str,
+) -> Tuple[NormalizedName, Version, BuildTag, FrozenSet[Tag]]:
+    if not filename.endswith(".whl"):
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+            f"Invalid wheel filename (extension must be '.whl'): {filename}"
+        )
+
+    filename = filename[:-4]
+    dashes = filename.count("-")
+    if dashes not in (4, 5):
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+            f"Invalid wheel filename (wrong number of parts): {filename}"
+        )
+
+    parts = filename.split("-", dashes - 2)
+    name_part = parts[0]
+    # See PEP 427 for the rules on escaping the project name
+    if "__" in name_part or re.match(r"^[\w\d._]*$", name_part, re.UNICODE) is None:
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(f"Invalid project name: {filename}")
+    name = canonicalize_name(name_part)
+    version = Version(parts[1])
+    if dashes == 5:
+        build_part = parts[2]
+        build_match = _build_tag_regex.match(build_part)
+        if build_match is None:
+            raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+                f"Invalid build number: {build_part} in '{filename}'"
+            )
+        build = cast(BuildTag, (int(build_match.group(1)), build_match.group(2)))
+    else:
+        build = ()
+    tags = parse_tag(parts[-1])
+    return (name, version, build, tags)
+
+
+def parse_sdist_filename(filename: str) -> Tuple[NormalizedName, Version]:
+    if filename.endswith(".tar.gz"):
+        file_stem = filename[: -len(".tar.gz")]
+    elif filename.endswith(".zip"):
+        file_stem = filename[: -len(".zip")]
+    else:
+        raise InvalidSdistFilename(
+            f"Invalid sdist filename (extension must be '.tar.gz' or '.zip'):"
+            f" {filename}"
+        )
+
+    # We are requiring a PEP 440 version, which cannot contain dashes,
+    # so we split on the last dash.
+    name_part, sep, version_part = file_stem.rpartition("-")
+    if not sep:
+        raise InvalidSdistFilename(f"Invalid sdist filename: {filename}")
+
+    name = canonicalize_name(name_part)
+    version = Version(version_part)
+    return (name, version)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de9a09a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import collections
+import itertools
+import re
+import warnings
+from typing import Callable, Iterator, List, Optional, SupportsInt, Tuple, Union
+
+from ._structures import Infinity, InfinityType, NegativeInfinity, NegativeInfinityType
+
+__all__ = ["parse", "Version", "LegacyVersion", "InvalidVersion", "VERSION_PATTERN"]
+
+InfiniteTypes = Union[InfinityType, NegativeInfinityType]
+PrePostDevType = Union[InfiniteTypes, Tuple[str, int]]
+SubLocalType = Union[InfiniteTypes, int, str]
+LocalType = Union[
+    NegativeInfinityType,
+    Tuple[
+        Union[
+            SubLocalType,
+            Tuple[SubLocalType, str],
+            Tuple[NegativeInfinityType, SubLocalType],
+        ],
+        ...,
+    ],
+]
+CmpKey = Tuple[
+    int, Tuple[int, ...], PrePostDevType, PrePostDevType, PrePostDevType, LocalType
+]
+LegacyCmpKey = Tuple[int, Tuple[str, ...]]
+VersionComparisonMethod = Callable[
+    [Union[CmpKey, LegacyCmpKey], Union[CmpKey, LegacyCmpKey]], bool
+]
+
+_Version = collections.namedtuple(
+    "_Version", ["epoch", "release", "dev", "pre", "post", "local"]
+)
+
+
+def parse(version: str) -> Union["LegacyVersion", "Version"]:
+    """
+    Parse the given version string and return either a :class:`Version` object
+    or a :class:`LegacyVersion` object depending on if the given version is
+    a valid PEP 440 version or a legacy version.
+    """
+    try:
+        return Version(version)
+    except InvalidVersion:
+        return LegacyVersion(version)
+
+
+class InvalidVersion(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid version was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class _BaseVersion:
+    _key: Union[CmpKey, LegacyCmpKey]
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._key)
+
+    # Please keep the duplicated `isinstance` check
+    # in the six comparisons hereunder
+    # unless you find a way to avoid adding overhead function calls.
+    def __lt__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key < other._key
+
+    def __le__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key <= other._key
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key == other._key
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key >= other._key
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key > other._key
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key != other._key
+
+
+class LegacyVersion(_BaseVersion):
+    def __init__(self, version: str) -> None:
+        self._version = str(version)
+        self._key = _legacy_cmpkey(self._version)
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Creating a LegacyVersion has been deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in the next major release",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self._version
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<LegacyVersion('{self}')>"
+
+    @property
+    def public(self) -> str:
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self) -> str:
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def epoch(self) -> int:
+        return -1
+
+    @property
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def pre(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def post(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def dev(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def local(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_devrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+
+_legacy_version_component_re = re.compile(r"(\d+ | [a-z]+ | \.| -)", re.VERBOSE)
+
+_legacy_version_replacement_map = {
+    "pre": "c",
+    "preview": "c",
+    "-": "final-",
+    "rc": "c",
+    "dev": "@",
+}
+
+
+def _parse_version_parts(s: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    for part in _legacy_version_component_re.split(s):
+        part = _legacy_version_replacement_map.get(part, part)
+
+        if not part or part == ".":
+            continue
+
+        if part[:1] in "0123456789":
+            # pad for numeric comparison
+            yield part.zfill(8)
+        else:
+            yield "*" + part
+
+    # ensure that alpha/beta/candidate are before final
+    yield "*final"
+
+
+def _legacy_cmpkey(version: str) -> LegacyCmpKey:
+
+    # We hardcode an epoch of -1 here. A PEP 440 version can only have a epoch
+    # greater than or equal to 0. This will effectively put the LegacyVersion,
+    # which uses the defacto standard originally implemented by setuptools,
+    # as before all PEP 440 versions.
+    epoch = -1
+
+    # This scheme is taken from pkg_resources.parse_version setuptools prior to
+    # it's adoption of the packaging library.
+    parts: List[str] = []
+    for part in _parse_version_parts(version.lower()):
+        if part.startswith("*"):
+            # remove "-" before a prerelease tag
+            if part < "*final":
+                while parts and parts[-1] == "*final-":
+                    parts.pop()
+
+            # remove trailing zeros from each series of numeric parts
+            while parts and parts[-1] == "00000000":
+                parts.pop()
+
+        parts.append(part)
+
+    return epoch, tuple(parts)
+
+
+# Deliberately not anchored to the start and end of the string, to make it
+# easier for 3rd party code to reuse
+VERSION_PATTERN = r"""
+    v?
+    (?:
+        (?:(?P<epoch>[0-9]+)!)?                           # epoch
+        (?P<release>[0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*)                  # release segment
+        (?P<pre>                                          # pre-release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_l>(a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview))
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+        (?P<post>                                         # post release
+            (?:-(?P<post_n1>[0-9]+))
+            |
+            (?:
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_l>post|rev|r)
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_n2>[0-9]+)?
+            )
+        )?
+        (?P<dev>                                          # dev release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_l>dev)
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+    )
+    (?:\+(?P<local>[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*))?       # local version
+"""
+
+
+class Version(_BaseVersion):
+
+    _regex = re.compile(r"^\s*" + VERSION_PATTERN + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    def __init__(self, version: str) -> None:
+
+        # Validate the version and parse it into pieces
+        match = self._regex.search(version)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidVersion(f"Invalid version: '{version}'")
+
+        # Store the parsed out pieces of the version
+        self._version = _Version(
+            epoch=int(match.group("epoch")) if match.group("epoch") else 0,
+            release=tuple(int(i) for i in match.group("release").split(".")),
+            pre=_parse_letter_version(match.group("pre_l"), match.group("pre_n")),
+            post=_parse_letter_version(
+                match.group("post_l"), match.group("post_n1") or match.group("post_n2")
+            ),
+            dev=_parse_letter_version(match.group("dev_l"), match.group("dev_n")),
+            local=_parse_local_version(match.group("local")),
+        )
+
+        # Generate a key which will be used for sorting
+        self._key = _cmpkey(
+            self._version.epoch,
+            self._version.release,
+            self._version.pre,
+            self._version.post,
+            self._version.dev,
+            self._version.local,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Version('{self}')>"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append(f"{self.epoch}!")
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self.release))
+
+        # Pre-release
+        if self.pre is not None:
+            parts.append("".join(str(x) for x in self.pre))
+
+        # Post-release
+        if self.post is not None:
+            parts.append(f".post{self.post}")
+
+        # Development release
+        if self.dev is not None:
+            parts.append(f".dev{self.dev}")
+
+        # Local version segment
+        if self.local is not None:
+            parts.append(f"+{self.local}")
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def epoch(self) -> int:
+        _epoch: int = self._version.epoch
+        return _epoch
+
+    @property
+    def release(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+        _release: Tuple[int, ...] = self._version.release
+        return _release
+
+    @property
+    def pre(self) -> Optional[Tuple[str, int]]:
+        _pre: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = self._version.pre
+        return _pre
+
+    @property
+    def post(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        return self._version.post[1] if self._version.post else None
+
+    @property
+    def dev(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        return self._version.dev[1] if self._version.dev else None
+
+    @property
+    def local(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        if self._version.local:
+            return ".".join(str(x) for x in self._version.local)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def public(self) -> str:
+        return str(self).split("+", 1)[0]
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self) -> str:
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append(f"{self.epoch}!")
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self.release))
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self) -> bool:
+        return self.dev is not None or self.pre is not None
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return self.post is not None
+
+    @property
+    def is_devrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return self.dev is not None
+
+    @property
+    def major(self) -> int:
+        return self.release[0] if len(self.release) >= 1 else 0
+
+    @property
+    def minor(self) -> int:
+        return self.release[1] if len(self.release) >= 2 else 0
+
+    @property
+    def micro(self) -> int:
+        return self.release[2] if len(self.release) >= 3 else 0
+
+
+def _parse_letter_version(
+    letter: str, number: Union[str, bytes, SupportsInt]
+) -> Optional[Tuple[str, int]]:
+
+    if letter:
+        # We consider there to be an implicit 0 in a pre-release if there is
+        # not a numeral associated with it.
+        if number is None:
+            number = 0
+
+        # We normalize any letters to their lower case form
+        letter = letter.lower()
+
+        # We consider some words to be alternate spellings of other words and
+        # in those cases we want to normalize the spellings to our preferred
+        # spelling.
+        if letter == "alpha":
+            letter = "a"
+        elif letter == "beta":
+            letter = "b"
+        elif letter in ["c", "pre", "preview"]:
+            letter = "rc"
+        elif letter in ["rev", "r"]:
+            letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+    if not letter and number:
+        # We assume if we are given a number, but we are not given a letter
+        # then this is using the implicit post release syntax (e.g. 1.0-1)
+        letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+
+    return None
+
+
+_local_version_separators = re.compile(r"[\._-]")
+
+
+def _parse_local_version(local: str) -> Optional[LocalType]:
+    """
+    Takes a string like abc.1.twelve and turns it into ("abc", 1, "twelve").
+    """
+    if local is not None:
+        return tuple(
+            part.lower() if not part.isdigit() else int(part)
+            for part in _local_version_separators.split(local)
+        )
+    return None
+
+
+def _cmpkey(
+    epoch: int,
+    release: Tuple[int, ...],
+    pre: Optional[Tuple[str, int]],
+    post: Optional[Tuple[str, int]],
+    dev: Optional[Tuple[str, int]],
+    local: Optional[Tuple[SubLocalType]],
+) -> CmpKey:
+
+    # When we compare a release version, we want to compare it with all of the
+    # trailing zeros removed. So we'll use a reverse the list, drop all the now
+    # leading zeros until we come to something non zero, then take the rest
+    # re-reverse it back into the correct order and make it a tuple and use
+    # that for our sorting key.
+    _release = tuple(
+        reversed(list(itertools.dropwhile(lambda x: x == 0, reversed(release))))
+    )
+
+    # We need to "trick" the sorting algorithm to put 1.0.dev0 before 1.0a0.
+    # We'll do this by abusing the pre segment, but we _only_ want to do this
+    # if there is not a pre or a post segment. If we have one of those then
+    # the normal sorting rules will handle this case correctly.
+    if pre is None and post is None and dev is not None:
+        _pre: PrePostDevType = NegativeInfinity
+    # Versions without a pre-release (except as noted above) should sort after
+    # those with one.
+    elif pre is None:
+        _pre = Infinity
+    else:
+        _pre = pre
+
+    # Versions without a post segment should sort before those with one.
+    if post is None:
+        _post: PrePostDevType = NegativeInfinity
+
+    else:
+        _post = post
+
+    # Versions without a development segment should sort after those with one.
+    if dev is None:
+        _dev: PrePostDevType = Infinity
+
+    else:
+        _dev = dev
+
+    if local is None:
+        # Versions without a local segment should sort before those with one.
+        _local: LocalType = NegativeInfinity
+    else:
+        # Versions with a local segment need that segment parsed to implement
+        # the sorting rules in PEP440.
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort before numeric segments
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort lexicographically
+        # - Numeric segments sort numerically
+        # - Shorter versions sort before longer versions when the prefixes
+        #   match exactly
+        _local = tuple(
+            (i, "") if isinstance(i, int) else (NegativeInfinity, i) for i in local
+        )
+
+    return epoch, _release, _pre, _post, _dev, _local
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/pyparsing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/pyparsing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf75e1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/pyparsing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5742 @@
+# module pyparsing.py
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2003-2018  Paul T. McGuire
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+# the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+# CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+# TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+# SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#
+
+__doc__ = \
+"""
+pyparsing module - Classes and methods to define and execute parsing grammars
+=============================================================================
+
+The pyparsing module is an alternative approach to creating and executing simple grammars,
+vs. the traditional lex/yacc approach, or the use of regular expressions.  With pyparsing, you
+don't need to learn a new syntax for defining grammars or matching expressions - the parsing module
+provides a library of classes that you use to construct the grammar directly in Python.
+
+Here is a program to parse "Hello, World!" (or any greeting of the form 
+C{"<salutation>, <addressee>!"}), built up using L{Word}, L{Literal}, and L{And} elements 
+(L{'+'<ParserElement.__add__>} operator gives L{And} expressions, strings are auto-converted to
+L{Literal} expressions)::
+
+    from pyparsing import Word, alphas
+
+    # define grammar of a greeting
+    greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+
+    hello = "Hello, World!"
+    print (hello, "->", greet.parseString(hello))
+
+The program outputs the following::
+
+    Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+
+The Python representation of the grammar is quite readable, owing to the self-explanatory
+class names, and the use of '+', '|' and '^' operators.
+
+The L{ParseResults} object returned from L{ParserElement.parseString<ParserElement.parseString>} can be accessed as a nested list, a dictionary, or an
+object with named attributes.
+
+The pyparsing module handles some of the problems that are typically vexing when writing text parsers:
+ - extra or missing whitespace (the above program will also handle "Hello,World!", "Hello  ,  World  !", etc.)
+ - quoted strings
+ - embedded comments
+
+
+Getting Started -
+-----------------
+Visit the classes L{ParserElement} and L{ParseResults} to see the base classes that most other pyparsing
+classes inherit from. Use the docstrings for examples of how to:
+ - construct literal match expressions from L{Literal} and L{CaselessLiteral} classes
+ - construct character word-group expressions using the L{Word} class
+ - see how to create repetitive expressions using L{ZeroOrMore} and L{OneOrMore} classes
+ - use L{'+'<And>}, L{'|'<MatchFirst>}, L{'^'<Or>}, and L{'&'<Each>} operators to combine simple expressions into more complex ones
+ - associate names with your parsed results using L{ParserElement.setResultsName}
+ - find some helpful expression short-cuts like L{delimitedList} and L{oneOf}
+ - find more useful common expressions in the L{pyparsing_common} namespace class
+"""
+
+__version__ = "2.2.1"
+__versionTime__ = "18 Sep 2018 00:49 UTC"
+__author__ = "Paul McGuire <ptmcg@users.sourceforge.net>"
+
+import string
+from weakref import ref as wkref
+import copy
+import sys
+import warnings
+import re
+import sre_constants
+import collections
+import pprint
+import traceback
+import types
+from datetime import datetime
+
+try:
+    from _thread import RLock
+except ImportError:
+    from threading import RLock
+
+try:
+    # Python 3
+    from collections.abc import Iterable
+    from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+except ImportError:
+    # Python 2.7
+    from collections import Iterable
+    from collections import MutableMapping
+
+try:
+    from collections import OrderedDict as _OrderedDict
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from ordereddict import OrderedDict as _OrderedDict
+    except ImportError:
+        _OrderedDict = None
+
+#~ sys.stderr.write( "testing pyparsing module, version %s, %s\n" % (__version__,__versionTime__ ) )
+
+__all__ = [
+'And', 'CaselessKeyword', 'CaselessLiteral', 'CharsNotIn', 'Combine', 'Dict', 'Each', 'Empty',
+'FollowedBy', 'Forward', 'GoToColumn', 'Group', 'Keyword', 'LineEnd', 'LineStart', 'Literal',
+'MatchFirst', 'NoMatch', 'NotAny', 'OneOrMore', 'OnlyOnce', 'Optional', 'Or',
+'ParseBaseException', 'ParseElementEnhance', 'ParseException', 'ParseExpression', 'ParseFatalException',
+'ParseResults', 'ParseSyntaxException', 'ParserElement', 'QuotedString', 'RecursiveGrammarException',
+'Regex', 'SkipTo', 'StringEnd', 'StringStart', 'Suppress', 'Token', 'TokenConverter', 
+'White', 'Word', 'WordEnd', 'WordStart', 'ZeroOrMore',
+'alphanums', 'alphas', 'alphas8bit', 'anyCloseTag', 'anyOpenTag', 'cStyleComment', 'col',
+'commaSeparatedList', 'commonHTMLEntity', 'countedArray', 'cppStyleComment', 'dblQuotedString',
+'dblSlashComment', 'delimitedList', 'dictOf', 'downcaseTokens', 'empty', 'hexnums',
+'htmlComment', 'javaStyleComment', 'line', 'lineEnd', 'lineStart', 'lineno',
+'makeHTMLTags', 'makeXMLTags', 'matchOnlyAtCol', 'matchPreviousExpr', 'matchPreviousLiteral',
+'nestedExpr', 'nullDebugAction', 'nums', 'oneOf', 'opAssoc', 'operatorPrecedence', 'printables',
+'punc8bit', 'pythonStyleComment', 'quotedString', 'removeQuotes', 'replaceHTMLEntity', 
+'replaceWith', 'restOfLine', 'sglQuotedString', 'srange', 'stringEnd',
+'stringStart', 'traceParseAction', 'unicodeString', 'upcaseTokens', 'withAttribute',
+'indentedBlock', 'originalTextFor', 'ungroup', 'infixNotation','locatedExpr', 'withClass',
+'CloseMatch', 'tokenMap', 'pyparsing_common',
+]
+
+system_version = tuple(sys.version_info)[:3]
+PY_3 = system_version[0] == 3
+if PY_3:
+    _MAX_INT = sys.maxsize
+    basestring = str
+    unichr = chr
+    _ustr = str
+
+    # build list of single arg builtins, that can be used as parse actions
+    singleArgBuiltins = [sum, len, sorted, reversed, list, tuple, set, any, all, min, max]
+
+else:
+    _MAX_INT = sys.maxint
+    range = xrange
+
+    def _ustr(obj):
+        """Drop-in replacement for str(obj) that tries to be Unicode friendly. It first tries
+           str(obj). If that fails with a UnicodeEncodeError, then it tries unicode(obj). It
+           then < returns the unicode object | encodes it with the default encoding | ... >.
+        """
+        if isinstance(obj,unicode):
+            return obj
+
+        try:
+            # If this works, then _ustr(obj) has the same behaviour as str(obj), so
+            # it won't break any existing code.
+            return str(obj)
+
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            # Else encode it
+            ret = unicode(obj).encode(sys.getdefaultencoding(), 'xmlcharrefreplace')
+            xmlcharref = Regex(r'&#\d+;')
+            xmlcharref.setParseAction(lambda t: '\\u' + hex(int(t[0][2:-1]))[2:])
+            return xmlcharref.transformString(ret)
+
+    # build list of single arg builtins, tolerant of Python version, that can be used as parse actions
+    singleArgBuiltins = []
+    import __builtin__
+    for fname in "sum len sorted reversed list tuple set any all min max".split():
+        try:
+            singleArgBuiltins.append(getattr(__builtin__,fname))
+        except AttributeError:
+            continue
+            
+_generatorType = type((y for y in range(1)))
+ 
+def _xml_escape(data):
+    """Escape &, <, >, ", ', etc. in a string of data."""
+
+    # ampersand must be replaced first
+    from_symbols = '&><"\''
+    to_symbols = ('&'+s+';' for s in "amp gt lt quot apos".split())
+    for from_,to_ in zip(from_symbols, to_symbols):
+        data = data.replace(from_, to_)
+    return data
+
+class _Constants(object):
+    pass
+
+alphas     = string.ascii_uppercase + string.ascii_lowercase
+nums       = "0123456789"
+hexnums    = nums + "ABCDEFabcdef"
+alphanums  = alphas + nums
+_bslash    = chr(92)
+printables = "".join(c for c in string.printable if c not in string.whitespace)
+
+class ParseBaseException(Exception):
+    """base exception class for all parsing runtime exceptions"""
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__( self, pstr, loc=0, msg=None, elem=None ):
+        self.loc = loc
+        if msg is None:
+            self.msg = pstr
+            self.pstr = ""
+        else:
+            self.msg = msg
+            self.pstr = pstr
+        self.parserElement = elem
+        self.args = (pstr, loc, msg)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_exception(cls, pe):
+        """
+        internal factory method to simplify creating one type of ParseException 
+        from another - avoids having __init__ signature conflicts among subclasses
+        """
+        return cls(pe.pstr, pe.loc, pe.msg, pe.parserElement)
+
+    def __getattr__( self, aname ):
+        """supported attributes by name are:
+            - lineno - returns the line number of the exception text
+            - col - returns the column number of the exception text
+            - line - returns the line containing the exception text
+        """
+        if( aname == "lineno" ):
+            return lineno( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        elif( aname in ("col", "column") ):
+            return col( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        elif( aname == "line" ):
+            return line( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        else:
+            raise AttributeError(aname)
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "%s (at char %d), (line:%d, col:%d)" % \
+                ( self.msg, self.loc, self.lineno, self.column )
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return _ustr(self)
+    def markInputline( self, markerString = ">!<" ):
+        """Extracts the exception line from the input string, and marks
+           the location of the exception with a special symbol.
+        """
+        line_str = self.line
+        line_column = self.column - 1
+        if markerString:
+            line_str = "".join((line_str[:line_column],
+                                markerString, line_str[line_column:]))
+        return line_str.strip()
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return "lineno col line".split() + dir(type(self))
+
+class ParseException(ParseBaseException):
+    """
+    Exception thrown when parse expressions don't match class;
+    supported attributes by name are:
+     - lineno - returns the line number of the exception text
+     - col - returns the column number of the exception text
+     - line - returns the line containing the exception text
+        
+    Example::
+        try:
+            Word(nums).setName("integer").parseString("ABC")
+        except ParseException as pe:
+            print(pe)
+            print("column: {}".format(pe.col))
+            
+    prints::
+       Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        column: 1
+    """
+    pass
+
+class ParseFatalException(ParseBaseException):
+    """user-throwable exception thrown when inconsistent parse content
+       is found; stops all parsing immediately"""
+    pass
+
+class ParseSyntaxException(ParseFatalException):
+    """just like L{ParseFatalException}, but thrown internally when an
+       L{ErrorStop<And._ErrorStop>} ('-' operator) indicates that parsing is to stop 
+       immediately because an unbacktrackable syntax error has been found"""
+    pass
+
+#~ class ReparseException(ParseBaseException):
+    #~ """Experimental class - parse actions can raise this exception to cause
+       #~ pyparsing to reparse the input string:
+        #~ - with a modified input string, and/or
+        #~ - with a modified start location
+       #~ Set the values of the ReparseException in the constructor, and raise the
+       #~ exception in a parse action to cause pyparsing to use the new string/location.
+       #~ Setting the values as None causes no change to be made.
+       #~ """
+    #~ def __init_( self, newstring, restartLoc ):
+        #~ self.newParseText = newstring
+        #~ self.reparseLoc = restartLoc
+
+class RecursiveGrammarException(Exception):
+    """exception thrown by L{ParserElement.validate} if the grammar could be improperly recursive"""
+    def __init__( self, parseElementList ):
+        self.parseElementTrace = parseElementList
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "RecursiveGrammarException: %s" % self.parseElementTrace
+
+class _ParseResultsWithOffset(object):
+    def __init__(self,p1,p2):
+        self.tup = (p1,p2)
+    def __getitem__(self,i):
+        return self.tup[i]
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return repr(self.tup[0])
+    def setOffset(self,i):
+        self.tup = (self.tup[0],i)
+
+class ParseResults(object):
+    """
+    Structured parse results, to provide multiple means of access to the parsed data:
+       - as a list (C{len(results)})
+       - by list index (C{results[0], results[1]}, etc.)
+       - by attribute (C{results.<resultsName>} - see L{ParserElement.setResultsName})
+
+    Example::
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        date_str = (integer.setResultsName("year") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("month") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("day"))
+        # equivalent form:
+        # date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+
+        # parseString returns a ParseResults object
+        result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")
+
+        def test(s, fn=repr):
+            print("%s -> %s" % (s, fn(eval(s))))
+        test("list(result)")
+        test("result[0]")
+        test("result['month']")
+        test("result.day")
+        test("'month' in result")
+        test("'minutes' in result")
+        test("result.dump()", str)
+    prints::
+        list(result) -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        result[0] -> '1999'
+        result['month'] -> '12'
+        result.day -> '31'
+        'month' in result -> True
+        'minutes' in result -> False
+        result.dump() -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        - day: 31
+        - month: 12
+        - year: 1999
+    """
+    def __new__(cls, toklist=None, name=None, asList=True, modal=True ):
+        if isinstance(toklist, cls):
+            return toklist
+        retobj = object.__new__(cls)
+        retobj.__doinit = True
+        return retobj
+
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__( self, toklist=None, name=None, asList=True, modal=True, isinstance=isinstance ):
+        if self.__doinit:
+            self.__doinit = False
+            self.__name = None
+            self.__parent = None
+            self.__accumNames = {}
+            self.__asList = asList
+            self.__modal = modal
+            if toklist is None:
+                toklist = []
+            if isinstance(toklist, list):
+                self.__toklist = toklist[:]
+            elif isinstance(toklist, _generatorType):
+                self.__toklist = list(toklist)
+            else:
+                self.__toklist = [toklist]
+            self.__tokdict = dict()
+
+        if name is not None and name:
+            if not modal:
+                self.__accumNames[name] = 0
+            if isinstance(name,int):
+                name = _ustr(name) # will always return a str, but use _ustr for consistency
+            self.__name = name
+            if not (isinstance(toklist, (type(None), basestring, list)) and toklist in (None,'',[])):
+                if isinstance(toklist,basestring):
+                    toklist = [ toklist ]
+                if asList:
+                    if isinstance(toklist,ParseResults):
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(toklist.copy(),0)
+                    else:
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(ParseResults(toklist[0]),0)
+                    self[name].__name = name
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        self[name] = toklist[0]
+                    except (KeyError,TypeError,IndexError):
+                        self[name] = toklist
+
+    def __getitem__( self, i ):
+        if isinstance( i, (int,slice) ):
+            return self.__toklist[i]
+        else:
+            if i not in self.__accumNames:
+                return self.__tokdict[i][-1][0]
+            else:
+                return ParseResults([ v[0] for v in self.__tokdict[i] ])
+
+    def __setitem__( self, k, v, isinstance=isinstance ):
+        if isinstance(v,_ParseResultsWithOffset):
+            self.__tokdict[k] = self.__tokdict.get(k,list()) + [v]
+            sub = v[0]
+        elif isinstance(k,(int,slice)):
+            self.__toklist[k] = v
+            sub = v
+        else:
+            self.__tokdict[k] = self.__tokdict.get(k,list()) + [_ParseResultsWithOffset(v,0)]
+            sub = v
+        if isinstance(sub,ParseResults):
+            sub.__parent = wkref(self)
+
+    def __delitem__( self, i ):
+        if isinstance(i,(int,slice)):
+            mylen = len( self.__toklist )
+            del self.__toklist[i]
+
+            # convert int to slice
+            if isinstance(i, int):
+                if i < 0:
+                    i += mylen
+                i = slice(i, i+1)
+            # get removed indices
+            removed = list(range(*i.indices(mylen)))
+            removed.reverse()
+            # fixup indices in token dictionary
+            for name,occurrences in self.__tokdict.items():
+                for j in removed:
+                    for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                        occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(value, position - (position > j))
+        else:
+            del self.__tokdict[i]
+
+    def __contains__( self, k ):
+        return k in self.__tokdict
+
+    def __len__( self ): return len( self.__toklist )
+    def __bool__(self): return ( not not self.__toklist )
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+    def __iter__( self ): return iter( self.__toklist )
+    def __reversed__( self ): return iter( self.__toklist[::-1] )
+    def _iterkeys( self ):
+        if hasattr(self.__tokdict, "iterkeys"):
+            return self.__tokdict.iterkeys()
+        else:
+            return iter(self.__tokdict)
+
+    def _itervalues( self ):
+        return (self[k] for k in self._iterkeys())
+            
+    def _iteritems( self ):
+        return ((k, self[k]) for k in self._iterkeys())
+
+    if PY_3:
+        keys = _iterkeys       
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result keys (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+        values = _itervalues
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result values (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+        items = _iteritems
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result key-value tuples (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+    else:
+        iterkeys = _iterkeys
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result keys (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        itervalues = _itervalues
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result values (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        iteritems = _iteritems
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result key-value tuples (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        def keys( self ):
+            """Returns all named result keys (as a list in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.iterkeys())
+
+        def values( self ):
+            """Returns all named result values (as a list in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.itervalues())
+                
+        def items( self ):
+            """Returns all named result key-values (as a list of tuples in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.iteritems())
+
+    def haskeys( self ):
+        """Since keys() returns an iterator, this method is helpful in bypassing
+           code that looks for the existence of any defined results names."""
+        return bool(self.__tokdict)
+        
+    def pop( self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Removes and returns item at specified index (default=C{last}).
+        Supports both C{list} and C{dict} semantics for C{pop()}. If passed no
+        argument or an integer argument, it will use C{list} semantics
+        and pop tokens from the list of parsed tokens. If passed a 
+        non-integer argument (most likely a string), it will use C{dict}
+        semantics and pop the corresponding value from any defined 
+        results names. A second default return value argument is 
+        supported, just as in C{dict.pop()}.
+
+        Example::
+            def remove_first(tokens):
+                tokens.pop(0)
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(remove_first).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['123', '321']
+
+            label = Word(alphas)
+            patt = label("LABEL") + OneOrMore(Word(nums))
+            print(patt.parseString("AAB 123 321").dump())
+
+            # Use pop() in a parse action to remove named result (note that corresponding value is not
+            # removed from list form of results)
+            def remove_LABEL(tokens):
+                tokens.pop("LABEL")
+                return tokens
+            patt.addParseAction(remove_LABEL)
+            print(patt.parseString("AAB 123 321").dump())
+        prints::
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+            - LABEL: AAB
+
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+        """
+        if not args:
+            args = [-1]
+        for k,v in kwargs.items():
+            if k == 'default':
+                args = (args[0], v)
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("pop() got an unexpected keyword argument '%s'" % k)
+        if (isinstance(args[0], int) or 
+                        len(args) == 1 or 
+                        args[0] in self):
+            index = args[0]
+            ret = self[index]
+            del self[index]
+            return ret
+        else:
+            defaultvalue = args[1]
+            return defaultvalue
+
+    def get(self, key, defaultValue=None):
+        """
+        Returns named result matching the given key, or if there is no
+        such name, then returns the given C{defaultValue} or C{None} if no
+        C{defaultValue} is specified.
+
+        Similar to C{dict.get()}.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")
+            print(result.get("year")) # -> '1999'
+            print(result.get("hour", "not specified")) # -> 'not specified'
+            print(result.get("hour")) # -> None
+        """
+        if key in self:
+            return self[key]
+        else:
+            return defaultValue
+
+    def insert( self, index, insStr ):
+        """
+        Inserts new element at location index in the list of parsed tokens.
+        
+        Similar to C{list.insert()}.
+
+        Example::
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+
+            # use a parse action to insert the parse location in the front of the parsed results
+            def insert_locn(locn, tokens):
+                tokens.insert(0, locn)
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(insert_locn).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> [0, '0', '123', '321']
+        """
+        self.__toklist.insert(index, insStr)
+        # fixup indices in token dictionary
+        for name,occurrences in self.__tokdict.items():
+            for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(value, position + (position > index))
+
+    def append( self, item ):
+        """
+        Add single element to end of ParseResults list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+            
+            # use a parse action to compute the sum of the parsed integers, and add it to the end
+            def append_sum(tokens):
+                tokens.append(sum(map(int, tokens)))
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(append_sum).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321', 444]
+        """
+        self.__toklist.append(item)
+
+    def extend( self, itemseq ):
+        """
+        Add sequence of elements to end of ParseResults list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            
+            # use a parse action to append the reverse of the matched strings, to make a palindrome
+            def make_palindrome(tokens):
+                tokens.extend(reversed([t[::-1] for t in tokens]))
+                return ''.join(tokens)
+            print(patt.addParseAction(make_palindrome).parseString("lskdj sdlkjf lksd")) # -> 'lskdjsdlkjflksddsklfjkldsjdksl'
+        """
+        if isinstance(itemseq, ParseResults):
+            self += itemseq
+        else:
+            self.__toklist.extend(itemseq)
+
+    def clear( self ):
+        """
+        Clear all elements and results names.
+        """
+        del self.__toklist[:]
+        self.__tokdict.clear()
+
+    def __getattr__( self, name ):
+        try:
+            return self[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            return ""
+            
+        if name in self.__tokdict:
+            if name not in self.__accumNames:
+                return self.__tokdict[name][-1][0]
+            else:
+                return ParseResults([ v[0] for v in self.__tokdict[name] ])
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+    def __add__( self, other ):
+        ret = self.copy()
+        ret += other
+        return ret
+
+    def __iadd__( self, other ):
+        if other.__tokdict:
+            offset = len(self.__toklist)
+            addoffset = lambda a: offset if a<0 else a+offset
+            otheritems = other.__tokdict.items()
+            otherdictitems = [(k, _ParseResultsWithOffset(v[0],addoffset(v[1])) )
+                                for (k,vlist) in otheritems for v in vlist]
+            for k,v in otherdictitems:
+                self[k] = v
+                if isinstance(v[0],ParseResults):
+                    v[0].__parent = wkref(self)
+            
+        self.__toklist += other.__toklist
+        self.__accumNames.update( other.__accumNames )
+        return self
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other,int) and other == 0:
+            # useful for merging many ParseResults using sum() builtin
+            return self.copy()
+        else:
+            # this may raise a TypeError - so be it
+            return other + self
+        
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return "(%s, %s)" % ( repr( self.__toklist ), repr( self.__tokdict ) )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return '[' + ', '.join(_ustr(i) if isinstance(i, ParseResults) else repr(i) for i in self.__toklist) + ']'
+
+    def _asStringList( self, sep='' ):
+        out = []
+        for item in self.__toklist:
+            if out and sep:
+                out.append(sep)
+            if isinstance( item, ParseResults ):
+                out += item._asStringList()
+            else:
+                out.append( _ustr(item) )
+        return out
+
+    def asList( self ):
+        """
+        Returns the parse results as a nested list of matching tokens, all converted to strings.
+
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            result = patt.parseString("sldkj lsdkj sldkj")
+            # even though the result prints in string-like form, it is actually a pyparsing ParseResults
+            print(type(result), result) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+            
+            # Use asList() to create an actual list
+            result_list = result.asList()
+            print(type(result_list), result_list) # -> <class 'list'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+        """
+        return [res.asList() if isinstance(res,ParseResults) else res for res in self.__toklist]
+
+    def asDict( self ):
+        """
+        Returns the named parse results as a nested dictionary.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+            
+            result = date_str.parseString('12/31/1999')
+            print(type(result), repr(result)) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> (['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999'], {'day': [('1999', 4)], 'year': [('12', 0)], 'month': [('31', 2)]})
+            
+            result_dict = result.asDict()
+            print(type(result_dict), repr(result_dict)) # -> <class 'dict'> {'day': '1999', 'year': '12', 'month': '31'}
+
+            # even though a ParseResults supports dict-like access, sometime you just need to have a dict
+            import json
+            print(json.dumps(result)) # -> Exception: TypeError: ... is not JSON serializable
+            print(json.dumps(result.asDict())) # -> {"month": "31", "day": "1999", "year": "12"}
+        """
+        if PY_3:
+            item_fn = self.items
+        else:
+            item_fn = self.iteritems
+            
+        def toItem(obj):
+            if isinstance(obj, ParseResults):
+                if obj.haskeys():
+                    return obj.asDict()
+                else:
+                    return [toItem(v) for v in obj]
+            else:
+                return obj
+                
+        return dict((k,toItem(v)) for k,v in item_fn())
+
+    def copy( self ):
+        """
+        Returns a new copy of a C{ParseResults} object.
+        """
+        ret = ParseResults( self.__toklist )
+        ret.__tokdict = self.__tokdict.copy()
+        ret.__parent = self.__parent
+        ret.__accumNames.update( self.__accumNames )
+        ret.__name = self.__name
+        return ret
+
+    def asXML( self, doctag=None, namedItemsOnly=False, indent="", formatted=True ):
+        """
+        (Deprecated) Returns the parse results as XML. Tags are created for tokens and lists that have defined results names.
+        """
+        nl = "\n"
+        out = []
+        namedItems = dict((v[1],k) for (k,vlist) in self.__tokdict.items()
+                                                            for v in vlist)
+        nextLevelIndent = indent + "  "
+
+        # collapse out indents if formatting is not desired
+        if not formatted:
+            indent = ""
+            nextLevelIndent = ""
+            nl = ""
+
+        selfTag = None
+        if doctag is not None:
+            selfTag = doctag
+        else:
+            if self.__name:
+                selfTag = self.__name
+
+        if not selfTag:
+            if namedItemsOnly:
+                return ""
+            else:
+                selfTag = "ITEM"
+
+        out += [ nl, indent, "<", selfTag, ">" ]
+
+        for i,res in enumerate(self.__toklist):
+            if isinstance(res,ParseResults):
+                if i in namedItems:
+                    out += [ res.asXML(namedItems[i],
+                                        namedItemsOnly and doctag is None,
+                                        nextLevelIndent,
+                                        formatted)]
+                else:
+                    out += [ res.asXML(None,
+                                        namedItemsOnly and doctag is None,
+                                        nextLevelIndent,
+                                        formatted)]
+            else:
+                # individual token, see if there is a name for it
+                resTag = None
+                if i in namedItems:
+                    resTag = namedItems[i]
+                if not resTag:
+                    if namedItemsOnly:
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        resTag = "ITEM"
+                xmlBodyText = _xml_escape(_ustr(res))
+                out += [ nl, nextLevelIndent, "<", resTag, ">",
+                                                xmlBodyText,
+                                                "</", resTag, ">" ]
+
+        out += [ nl, indent, "</", selfTag, ">" ]
+        return "".join(out)
+
+    def __lookup(self,sub):
+        for k,vlist in self.__tokdict.items():
+            for v,loc in vlist:
+                if sub is v:
+                    return k
+        return None
+
+    def getName(self):
+        r"""
+        Returns the results name for this token expression. Useful when several 
+        different expressions might match at a particular location.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            ssn_expr = Regex(r"\d\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d")
+            house_number_expr = Suppress('#') + Word(nums, alphanums)
+            user_data = (Group(house_number_expr)("house_number") 
+                        | Group(ssn_expr)("ssn")
+                        | Group(integer)("age"))
+            user_info = OneOrMore(user_data)
+            
+            result = user_info.parseString("22 111-22-3333 #221B")
+            for item in result:
+                print(item.getName(), ':', item[0])
+        prints::
+            age : 22
+            ssn : 111-22-3333
+            house_number : 221B
+        """
+        if self.__name:
+            return self.__name
+        elif self.__parent:
+            par = self.__parent()
+            if par:
+                return par.__lookup(self)
+            else:
+                return None
+        elif (len(self) == 1 and
+               len(self.__tokdict) == 1 and
+               next(iter(self.__tokdict.values()))[0][1] in (0,-1)):
+            return next(iter(self.__tokdict.keys()))
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def dump(self, indent='', depth=0, full=True):
+        """
+        Diagnostic method for listing out the contents of a C{ParseResults}.
+        Accepts an optional C{indent} argument so that this string can be embedded
+        in a nested display of other data.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+            
+            result = date_str.parseString('12/31/1999')
+            print(result.dump())
+        prints::
+            ['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999']
+            - day: 1999
+            - month: 31
+            - year: 12
+        """
+        out = []
+        NL = '\n'
+        out.append( indent+_ustr(self.asList()) )
+        if full:
+            if self.haskeys():
+                items = sorted((str(k), v) for k,v in self.items())
+                for k,v in items:
+                    if out:
+                        out.append(NL)
+                    out.append( "%s%s- %s: " % (indent,('  '*depth), k) )
+                    if isinstance(v,ParseResults):
+                        if v:
+                            out.append( v.dump(indent,depth+1) )
+                        else:
+                            out.append(_ustr(v))
+                    else:
+                        out.append(repr(v))
+            elif any(isinstance(vv,ParseResults) for vv in self):
+                v = self
+                for i,vv in enumerate(v):
+                    if isinstance(vv,ParseResults):
+                        out.append("\n%s%s[%d]:\n%s%s%s" % (indent,('  '*(depth)),i,indent,('  '*(depth+1)),vv.dump(indent,depth+1) ))
+                    else:
+                        out.append("\n%s%s[%d]:\n%s%s%s" % (indent,('  '*(depth)),i,indent,('  '*(depth+1)),_ustr(vv)))
+            
+        return "".join(out)
+
+    def pprint(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Pretty-printer for parsed results as a list, using the C{pprint} module.
+        Accepts additional positional or keyword args as defined for the 
+        C{pprint.pprint} method. (U{http://docs.python.org/3/library/pprint.html#pprint.pprint})
+
+        Example::
+            ident = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+            num = Word(nums)
+            func = Forward()
+            term = ident | num | Group('(' + func + ')')
+            func <<= ident + Group(Optional(delimitedList(term)))
+            result = func.parseString("fna a,b,(fnb c,d,200),100")
+            result.pprint(width=40)
+        prints::
+            ['fna',
+             ['a',
+              'b',
+              ['(', 'fnb', ['c', 'd', '200'], ')'],
+              '100']]
+        """
+        pprint.pprint(self.asList(), *args, **kwargs)
+
+    # add support for pickle protocol
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return ( self.__toklist,
+                 ( self.__tokdict.copy(),
+                   self.__parent is not None and self.__parent() or None,
+                   self.__accumNames,
+                   self.__name ) )
+
+    def __setstate__(self,state):
+        self.__toklist = state[0]
+        (self.__tokdict,
+         par,
+         inAccumNames,
+         self.__name) = state[1]
+        self.__accumNames = {}
+        self.__accumNames.update(inAccumNames)
+        if par is not None:
+            self.__parent = wkref(par)
+        else:
+            self.__parent = None
+
+    def __getnewargs__(self):
+        return self.__toklist, self.__name, self.__asList, self.__modal
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return (dir(type(self)) + list(self.keys()))
+
+MutableMapping.register(ParseResults)
+
+def col (loc,strg):
+    """Returns current column within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+   The first column is number 1.
+
+   Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+   before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{ParserElement.parseString}<ParserElement.parseString>} for more information
+   on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+   consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+   positions within the parsed string.
+   """
+    s = strg
+    return 1 if 0<loc<len(s) and s[loc-1] == '\n' else loc - s.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+
+def lineno(loc,strg):
+    """Returns current line number within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+   The first line is number 1.
+
+   Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+   before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{ParserElement.parseString}<ParserElement.parseString>} for more information
+   on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+   consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+   positions within the parsed string.
+   """
+    return strg.count("\n",0,loc) + 1
+
+def line( loc, strg ):
+    """Returns the line of text containing loc within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+       """
+    lastCR = strg.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+    nextCR = strg.find("\n", loc)
+    if nextCR >= 0:
+        return strg[lastCR+1:nextCR]
+    else:
+        return strg[lastCR+1:]
+
+def _defaultStartDebugAction( instring, loc, expr ):
+    print (("Match " + _ustr(expr) + " at loc " + _ustr(loc) + "(%d,%d)" % ( lineno(loc,instring), col(loc,instring) )))
+
+def _defaultSuccessDebugAction( instring, startloc, endloc, expr, toks ):
+    print ("Matched " + _ustr(expr) + " -> " + str(toks.asList()))
+
+def _defaultExceptionDebugAction( instring, loc, expr, exc ):
+    print ("Exception raised:" + _ustr(exc))
+
+def nullDebugAction(*args):
+    """'Do-nothing' debug action, to suppress debugging output during parsing."""
+    pass
+
+# Only works on Python 3.x - nonlocal is toxic to Python 2 installs
+#~ 'decorator to trim function calls to match the arity of the target'
+#~ def _trim_arity(func, maxargs=3):
+    #~ if func in singleArgBuiltins:
+        #~ return lambda s,l,t: func(t)
+    #~ limit = 0
+    #~ foundArity = False
+    #~ def wrapper(*args):
+        #~ nonlocal limit,foundArity
+        #~ while 1:
+            #~ try:
+                #~ ret = func(*args[limit:])
+                #~ foundArity = True
+                #~ return ret
+            #~ except TypeError:
+                #~ if limit == maxargs or foundArity:
+                    #~ raise
+                #~ limit += 1
+                #~ continue
+    #~ return wrapper
+
+# this version is Python 2.x-3.x cross-compatible
+'decorator to trim function calls to match the arity of the target'
+def _trim_arity(func, maxargs=2):
+    if func in singleArgBuiltins:
+        return lambda s,l,t: func(t)
+    limit = [0]
+    foundArity = [False]
+    
+    # traceback return data structure changed in Py3.5 - normalize back to plain tuples
+    if system_version[:2] >= (3,5):
+        def extract_stack(limit=0):
+            # special handling for Python 3.5.0 - extra deep call stack by 1
+            offset = -3 if system_version == (3,5,0) else -2
+            frame_summary = traceback.extract_stack(limit=-offset+limit-1)[offset]
+            return [frame_summary[:2]]
+        def extract_tb(tb, limit=0):
+            frames = traceback.extract_tb(tb, limit=limit)
+            frame_summary = frames[-1]
+            return [frame_summary[:2]]
+    else:
+        extract_stack = traceback.extract_stack
+        extract_tb = traceback.extract_tb
+    
+    # synthesize what would be returned by traceback.extract_stack at the call to 
+    # user's parse action 'func', so that we don't incur call penalty at parse time
+    
+    LINE_DIFF = 6
+    # IF ANY CODE CHANGES, EVEN JUST COMMENTS OR BLANK LINES, BETWEEN THE NEXT LINE AND 
+    # THE CALL TO FUNC INSIDE WRAPPER, LINE_DIFF MUST BE MODIFIED!!!!
+    this_line = extract_stack(limit=2)[-1]
+    pa_call_line_synth = (this_line[0], this_line[1]+LINE_DIFF)
+
+    def wrapper(*args):
+        while 1:
+            try:
+                ret = func(*args[limit[0]:])
+                foundArity[0] = True
+                return ret
+            except TypeError:
+                # re-raise TypeErrors if they did not come from our arity testing
+                if foundArity[0]:
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        tb = sys.exc_info()[-1]
+                        if not extract_tb(tb, limit=2)[-1][:2] == pa_call_line_synth:
+                            raise
+                    finally:
+                        del tb
+
+                if limit[0] <= maxargs:
+                    limit[0] += 1
+                    continue
+                raise
+
+    # copy func name to wrapper for sensible debug output
+    func_name = "<parse action>"
+    try:
+        func_name = getattr(func, '__name__', 
+                            getattr(func, '__class__').__name__)
+    except Exception:
+        func_name = str(func)
+    wrapper.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return wrapper
+
+class ParserElement(object):
+    """Abstract base level parser element class."""
+    DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS = " \n\t\r"
+    verbose_stacktrace = False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def setDefaultWhitespaceChars( chars ):
+        r"""
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+
+        Example::
+            # default whitespace chars are space, <TAB> and newline
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parseString("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def', 'ghi', 'jkl']
+            
+            # change to just treat newline as significant
+            ParserElement.setDefaultWhitespaceChars(" \t")
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parseString("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def']
+        """
+        ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS = chars
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def inlineLiteralsUsing(cls):
+        """
+        Set class to be used for inclusion of string literals into a parser.
+        
+        Example::
+            # default literal class used is Literal
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+
+
+            # change to Suppress
+            ParserElement.inlineLiteralsUsing(Suppress)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '12', '31']
+        """
+        ParserElement._literalStringClass = cls
+
+    def __init__( self, savelist=False ):
+        self.parseAction = list()
+        self.failAction = None
+        #~ self.name = "<unknown>"  # don't define self.name, let subclasses try/except upcall
+        self.strRepr = None
+        self.resultsName = None
+        self.saveAsList = savelist
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = True
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False # used when checking for left-recursion
+        self.keepTabs = False
+        self.ignoreExprs = list()
+        self.debug = False
+        self.streamlined = False
+        self.mayIndexError = True # used to optimize exception handling for subclasses that don't advance parse index
+        self.errmsg = ""
+        self.modalResults = True # used to mark results names as modal (report only last) or cumulative (list all)
+        self.debugActions = ( None, None, None ) #custom debug actions
+        self.re = None
+        self.callPreparse = True # used to avoid redundant calls to preParse
+        self.callDuringTry = False
+
+    def copy( self ):
+        """
+        Make a copy of this C{ParserElement}.  Useful for defining different parse actions
+        for the same parsing pattern, using copies of the original parse element.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            integerK = integer.copy().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024) + Suppress("K")
+            integerM = integer.copy().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024*1024) + Suppress("M")
+            
+            print(OneOrMore(integerK | integerM | integer).parseString("5K 100 640K 256M"))
+        prints::
+            [5120, 100, 655360, 268435456]
+        Equivalent form of C{expr.copy()} is just C{expr()}::
+            integerM = integer().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024*1024) + Suppress("M")
+        """
+        cpy = copy.copy( self )
+        cpy.parseAction = self.parseAction[:]
+        cpy.ignoreExprs = self.ignoreExprs[:]
+        if self.copyDefaultWhiteChars:
+            cpy.whiteChars = ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+        return cpy
+
+    def setName( self, name ):
+        """
+        Define name for this expression, makes debugging and exception messages clearer.
+        
+        Example::
+            Word(nums).parseString("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected W:(0123...) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+            Word(nums).setName("integer").parseString("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        self.name = name
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        if hasattr(self,"exception"):
+            self.exception.msg = self.errmsg
+        return self
+
+    def setResultsName( self, name, listAllMatches=False ):
+        """
+        Define name for referencing matching tokens as a nested attribute
+        of the returned parse results.
+        NOTE: this returns a *copy* of the original C{ParserElement} object;
+        this is so that the client can define a basic element, such as an
+        integer, and reference it in multiple places with different names.
+
+        You can also set results names using the abbreviated syntax,
+        C{expr("name")} in place of C{expr.setResultsName("name")} - 
+        see L{I{__call__}<__call__>}.
+
+        Example::
+            date_str = (integer.setResultsName("year") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("month") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("day"))
+
+            # equivalent form:
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+        """
+        newself = self.copy()
+        if name.endswith("*"):
+            name = name[:-1]
+            listAllMatches=True
+        newself.resultsName = name
+        newself.modalResults = not listAllMatches
+        return newself
+
+    def setBreak(self,breakFlag = True):
+        """Method to invoke the Python pdb debugger when this element is
+           about to be parsed. Set C{breakFlag} to True to enable, False to
+           disable.
+        """
+        if breakFlag:
+            _parseMethod = self._parse
+            def breaker(instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True):
+                import pdb
+                pdb.set_trace()
+                return _parseMethod( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse )
+            breaker._originalParseMethod = _parseMethod
+            self._parse = breaker
+        else:
+            if hasattr(self._parse,"_originalParseMethod"):
+                self._parse = self._parse._originalParseMethod
+        return self
+
+    def setParseAction( self, *fns, **kwargs ):
+        """
+        Define one or more actions to perform when successfully matching parse element definition.
+        Parse action fn is a callable method with 0-3 arguments, called as C{fn(s,loc,toks)},
+        C{fn(loc,toks)}, C{fn(toks)}, or just C{fn()}, where:
+         - s   = the original string being parsed (see note below)
+         - loc = the location of the matching substring
+         - toks = a list of the matched tokens, packaged as a C{L{ParseResults}} object
+        If the functions in fns modify the tokens, they can return them as the return
+        value from fn, and the modified list of tokens will replace the original.
+        Otherwise, fn does not need to return any value.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+         - callDuringTry = (default=C{False}) indicate if parse action should be run during lookaheads and alternate testing
+
+        Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+        before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{parseString}<parseString>} for more information
+        on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+        consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+        positions within the parsed string.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+
+            # use parse action to convert to ints at parse time
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            date_str = integer + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            # note that integer fields are now ints, not strings
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> [1999, '/', 12, '/', 31]
+        """
+        self.parseAction = list(map(_trim_arity, list(fns)))
+        self.callDuringTry = kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def addParseAction( self, *fns, **kwargs ):
+        """
+        Add one or more parse actions to expression's list of parse actions. See L{I{setParseAction}<setParseAction>}.
+        
+        See examples in L{I{copy}<copy>}.
+        """
+        self.parseAction += list(map(_trim_arity, list(fns)))
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def addCondition(self, *fns, **kwargs):
+        """Add a boolean predicate function to expression's list of parse actions. See 
+        L{I{setParseAction}<setParseAction>} for function call signatures. Unlike C{setParseAction}, 
+        functions passed to C{addCondition} need to return boolean success/fail of the condition.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+         - message = define a custom message to be used in the raised exception
+         - fatal   = if True, will raise ParseFatalException to stop parsing immediately; otherwise will raise ParseException
+         
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            year_int = integer.copy()
+            year_int.addCondition(lambda toks: toks[0] >= 2000, message="Only support years 2000 and later")
+            date_str = year_int + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> Exception: Only support years 2000 and later (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        msg = kwargs.get("message", "failed user-defined condition")
+        exc_type = ParseFatalException if kwargs.get("fatal", False) else ParseException
+        for fn in fns:
+            def pa(s,l,t):
+                if not bool(_trim_arity(fn)(s,l,t)):
+                    raise exc_type(s,l,msg)
+            self.parseAction.append(pa)
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def setFailAction( self, fn ):
+        """Define action to perform if parsing fails at this expression.
+           Fail acton fn is a callable function that takes the arguments
+           C{fn(s,loc,expr,err)} where:
+            - s = string being parsed
+            - loc = location where expression match was attempted and failed
+            - expr = the parse expression that failed
+            - err = the exception thrown
+           The function returns no value.  It may throw C{L{ParseFatalException}}
+           if it is desired to stop parsing immediately."""
+        self.failAction = fn
+        return self
+
+    def _skipIgnorables( self, instring, loc ):
+        exprsFound = True
+        while exprsFound:
+            exprsFound = False
+            for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+                try:
+                    while 1:
+                        loc,dummy = e._parse( instring, loc )
+                        exprsFound = True
+                except ParseException:
+                    pass
+        return loc
+
+    def preParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        if self.ignoreExprs:
+            loc = self._skipIgnorables( instring, loc )
+
+        if self.skipWhitespace:
+            wt = self.whiteChars
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            while loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in wt:
+                loc += 1
+
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        return loc, []
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return tokenlist
+
+    #~ @profile
+    def _parseNoCache( self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True ):
+        debugging = ( self.debug ) #and doActions )
+
+        if debugging or self.failAction:
+            #~ print ("Match",self,"at loc",loc,"(%d,%d)" % ( lineno(loc,instring), col(loc,instring) ))
+            if (self.debugActions[0] ):
+                self.debugActions[0]( instring, loc, self )
+            if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                preloc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+            else:
+                preloc = loc
+            tokensStart = preloc
+            try:
+                try:
+                    loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseException( instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self )
+            except ParseBaseException as err:
+                #~ print ("Exception raised:", err)
+                if self.debugActions[2]:
+                    self.debugActions[2]( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                if self.failAction:
+                    self.failAction( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                raise
+        else:
+            if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                preloc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+            else:
+                preloc = loc
+            tokensStart = preloc
+            if self.mayIndexError or preloc >= len(instring):
+                try:
+                    loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseException( instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self )
+            else:
+                loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+
+        tokens = self.postParse( instring, loc, tokens )
+
+        retTokens = ParseResults( tokens, self.resultsName, asList=self.saveAsList, modal=self.modalResults )
+        if self.parseAction and (doActions or self.callDuringTry):
+            if debugging:
+                try:
+                    for fn in self.parseAction:
+                        tokens = fn( instring, tokensStart, retTokens )
+                        if tokens is not None:
+                            retTokens = ParseResults( tokens,
+                                                      self.resultsName,
+                                                      asList=self.saveAsList and isinstance(tokens,(ParseResults,list)),
+                                                      modal=self.modalResults )
+                except ParseBaseException as err:
+                    #~ print "Exception raised in user parse action:", err
+                    if (self.debugActions[2] ):
+                        self.debugActions[2]( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                    raise
+            else:
+                for fn in self.parseAction:
+                    tokens = fn( instring, tokensStart, retTokens )
+                    if tokens is not None:
+                        retTokens = ParseResults( tokens,
+                                                  self.resultsName,
+                                                  asList=self.saveAsList and isinstance(tokens,(ParseResults,list)),
+                                                  modal=self.modalResults )
+        if debugging:
+            #~ print ("Matched",self,"->",retTokens.asList())
+            if (self.debugActions[1] ):
+                self.debugActions[1]( instring, tokensStart, loc, self, retTokens )
+
+        return loc, retTokens
+
+    def tryParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        try:
+            return self._parse( instring, loc, doActions=False )[0]
+        except ParseFatalException:
+            raise ParseException( instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+    
+    def canParseNext(self, instring, loc):
+        try:
+            self.tryParse(instring, loc)
+        except (ParseException, IndexError):
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    class _UnboundedCache(object):
+        def __init__(self):
+            cache = {}
+            self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+            def get(self, key):
+                return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+            def set(self, key, value):
+                cache[key] = value
+
+            def clear(self):
+                cache.clear()
+                
+            def cache_len(self):
+                return len(cache)
+
+            self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+            self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+            self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+            self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    if _OrderedDict is not None:
+        class _FifoCache(object):
+            def __init__(self, size):
+                self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+                cache = _OrderedDict()
+
+                def get(self, key):
+                    return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+                def set(self, key, value):
+                    cache[key] = value
+                    while len(cache) > size:
+                        try:
+                            cache.popitem(False)
+                        except KeyError:
+                            pass
+
+                def clear(self):
+                    cache.clear()
+
+                def cache_len(self):
+                    return len(cache)
+
+                self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+                self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+                self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+                self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    else:
+        class _FifoCache(object):
+            def __init__(self, size):
+                self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+                cache = {}
+                key_fifo = collections.deque([], size)
+
+                def get(self, key):
+                    return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+                def set(self, key, value):
+                    cache[key] = value
+                    while len(key_fifo) > size:
+                        cache.pop(key_fifo.popleft(), None)
+                    key_fifo.append(key)
+
+                def clear(self):
+                    cache.clear()
+                    key_fifo.clear()
+
+                def cache_len(self):
+                    return len(cache)
+
+                self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+                self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+                self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+                self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    # argument cache for optimizing repeated calls when backtracking through recursive expressions
+    packrat_cache = {} # this is set later by enabledPackrat(); this is here so that resetCache() doesn't fail
+    packrat_cache_lock = RLock()
+    packrat_cache_stats = [0, 0]
+
+    # this method gets repeatedly called during backtracking with the same arguments -
+    # we can cache these arguments and save ourselves the trouble of re-parsing the contained expression
+    def _parseCache( self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True ):
+        HIT, MISS = 0, 1
+        lookup = (self, instring, loc, callPreParse, doActions)
+        with ParserElement.packrat_cache_lock:
+            cache = ParserElement.packrat_cache
+            value = cache.get(lookup)
+            if value is cache.not_in_cache:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[MISS] += 1
+                try:
+                    value = self._parseNoCache(instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse)
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    # cache a copy of the exception, without the traceback
+                    cache.set(lookup, pe.__class__(*pe.args))
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    cache.set(lookup, (value[0], value[1].copy()))
+                    return value
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[HIT] += 1
+                if isinstance(value, Exception):
+                    raise value
+                return (value[0], value[1].copy())
+
+    _parse = _parseNoCache
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def resetCache():
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache.clear()
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[:] = [0] * len(ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats)
+
+    _packratEnabled = False
+    @staticmethod
+    def enablePackrat(cache_size_limit=128):
+        """Enables "packrat" parsing, which adds memoizing to the parsing logic.
+           Repeated parse attempts at the same string location (which happens
+           often in many complex grammars) can immediately return a cached value,
+           instead of re-executing parsing/validating code.  Memoizing is done of
+           both valid results and parsing exceptions.
+           
+           Parameters:
+            - cache_size_limit - (default=C{128}) - if an integer value is provided
+              will limit the size of the packrat cache; if None is passed, then
+              the cache size will be unbounded; if 0 is passed, the cache will
+              be effectively disabled.
+            
+           This speedup may break existing programs that use parse actions that
+           have side-effects.  For this reason, packrat parsing is disabled when
+           you first import pyparsing.  To activate the packrat feature, your
+           program must call the class method C{ParserElement.enablePackrat()}.  If
+           your program uses C{psyco} to "compile as you go", you must call
+           C{enablePackrat} before calling C{psyco.full()}.  If you do not do this,
+           Python will crash.  For best results, call C{enablePackrat()} immediately
+           after importing pyparsing.
+           
+           Example::
+               import pyparsing
+               pyparsing.ParserElement.enablePackrat()
+        """
+        if not ParserElement._packratEnabled:
+            ParserElement._packratEnabled = True
+            if cache_size_limit is None:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = ParserElement._UnboundedCache()
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = ParserElement._FifoCache(cache_size_limit)
+            ParserElement._parse = ParserElement._parseCache
+
+    def parseString( self, instring, parseAll=False ):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression with the given string.
+        This is the main interface to the client code, once the complete
+        expression has been built.
+
+        If you want the grammar to require that the entire input string be
+        successfully parsed, then set C{parseAll} to True (equivalent to ending
+        the grammar with C{L{StringEnd()}}).
+
+        Note: C{parseString} implicitly calls C{expandtabs()} on the input string,
+        in order to report proper column numbers in parse actions.
+        If the input string contains tabs and
+        the grammar uses parse actions that use the C{loc} argument to index into the
+        string being parsed, you can ensure you have a consistent view of the input
+        string by:
+         - calling C{parseWithTabs} on your grammar before calling C{parseString}
+           (see L{I{parseWithTabs}<parseWithTabs>})
+         - define your parse action using the full C{(s,loc,toks)} signature, and
+           reference the input string using the parse action's C{s} argument
+         - explictly expand the tabs in your input string before calling
+           C{parseString}
+        
+        Example::
+            Word('a').parseString('aaaaabaaa')  # -> ['aaaaa']
+            Word('a').parseString('aaaaabaaa', parseAll=True)  # -> Exception: Expected end of text
+        """
+        ParserElement.resetCache()
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+            #~ self.saveAsList = True
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = instring.expandtabs()
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self._parse( instring, 0 )
+            if parseAll:
+                loc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+                se = Empty() + StringEnd()
+                se._parse( instring, loc )
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+        else:
+            return tokens
+
+    def scanString( self, instring, maxMatches=_MAX_INT, overlap=False ):
+        """
+        Scan the input string for expression matches.  Each match will return the
+        matching tokens, start location, and end location.  May be called with optional
+        C{maxMatches} argument, to clip scanning after 'n' matches are found.  If
+        C{overlap} is specified, then overlapping matches will be reported.
+
+        Note that the start and end locations are reported relative to the string
+        being parsed.  See L{I{parseString}<parseString>} for more information on parsing
+        strings with embedded tabs.
+
+        Example::
+            source = "sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987"
+            print(source)
+            for tokens,start,end in Word(alphas).scanString(source):
+                print(' '*start + '^'*(end-start))
+                print(' '*start + tokens[0])
+        
+        prints::
+        
+            sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987
+            ^^^^^
+            sldjf
+                    ^^^^^^^
+                    lsdjjkf
+                              ^^^^^^
+                              sldkjf
+                                       ^^^^^^
+                                       lkjsfd
+        """
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = _ustr(instring).expandtabs()
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        loc = 0
+        preparseFn = self.preParse
+        parseFn = self._parse
+        ParserElement.resetCache()
+        matches = 0
+        try:
+            while loc <= instrlen and matches < maxMatches:
+                try:
+                    preloc = preparseFn( instring, loc )
+                    nextLoc,tokens = parseFn( instring, preloc, callPreParse=False )
+                except ParseException:
+                    loc = preloc+1
+                else:
+                    if nextLoc > loc:
+                        matches += 1
+                        yield tokens, preloc, nextLoc
+                        if overlap:
+                            nextloc = preparseFn( instring, loc )
+                            if nextloc > loc:
+                                loc = nextLoc
+                            else:
+                                loc += 1
+                        else:
+                            loc = nextLoc
+                    else:
+                        loc = preloc+1
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def transformString( self, instring ):
+        """
+        Extension to C{L{scanString}}, to modify matching text with modified tokens that may
+        be returned from a parse action.  To use C{transformString}, define a grammar and
+        attach a parse action to it that modifies the returned token list.
+        Invoking C{transformString()} on a target string will then scan for matches,
+        and replace the matched text patterns according to the logic in the parse
+        action.  C{transformString()} returns the resulting transformed string.
+        
+        Example::
+            wd = Word(alphas)
+            wd.setParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0].title())
+            
+            print(wd.transformString("now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york."))
+        Prints::
+            Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York.
+        """
+        out = []
+        lastE = 0
+        # force preservation of <TAB>s, to minimize unwanted transformation of string, and to
+        # keep string locs straight between transformString and scanString
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        try:
+            for t,s,e in self.scanString( instring ):
+                out.append( instring[lastE:s] )
+                if t:
+                    if isinstance(t,ParseResults):
+                        out += t.asList()
+                    elif isinstance(t,list):
+                        out += t
+                    else:
+                        out.append(t)
+                lastE = e
+            out.append(instring[lastE:])
+            out = [o for o in out if o]
+            return "".join(map(_ustr,_flatten(out)))
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def searchString( self, instring, maxMatches=_MAX_INT ):
+        """
+        Another extension to C{L{scanString}}, simplifying the access to the tokens found
+        to match the given parse expression.  May be called with optional
+        C{maxMatches} argument, to clip searching after 'n' matches are found.
+        
+        Example::
+            # a capitalized word starts with an uppercase letter, followed by zero or more lowercase letters
+            cap_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+            
+            print(cap_word.searchString("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity"))
+
+            # the sum() builtin can be used to merge results into a single ParseResults object
+            print(sum(cap_word.searchString("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity")))
+        prints::
+            [['More'], ['Iron'], ['Lead'], ['Gold'], ['I'], ['Electricity']]
+            ['More', 'Iron', 'Lead', 'Gold', 'I', 'Electricity']
+        """
+        try:
+            return ParseResults([ t for t,s,e in self.scanString( instring, maxMatches ) ])
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def split(self, instring, maxsplit=_MAX_INT, includeSeparators=False):
+        """
+        Generator method to split a string using the given expression as a separator.
+        May be called with optional C{maxsplit} argument, to limit the number of splits;
+        and the optional C{includeSeparators} argument (default=C{False}), if the separating
+        matching text should be included in the split results.
+        
+        Example::        
+            punc = oneOf(list(".,;:/-!?"))
+            print(list(punc.split("This, this?, this sentence, is badly punctuated!")))
+        prints::
+            ['This', ' this', '', ' this sentence', ' is badly punctuated', '']
+        """
+        splits = 0
+        last = 0
+        for t,s,e in self.scanString(instring, maxMatches=maxsplit):
+            yield instring[last:s]
+            if includeSeparators:
+                yield t[0]
+            last = e
+        yield instring[last:]
+
+    def __add__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of + operator - returns C{L{And}}. Adding strings to a ParserElement
+        converts them to L{Literal}s by default.
+        
+        Example::
+            greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+            hello = "Hello, World!"
+            print (hello, "->", greet.parseString(hello))
+        Prints::
+            Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return And( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __radd__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of + operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other + self
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of - operator, returns C{L{And}} with error stop
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return self + And._ErrorStop() + other
+
+    def __rsub__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of - operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other - self
+
+    def __mul__(self,other):
+        """
+        Implementation of * operator, allows use of C{expr * 3} in place of
+        C{expr + expr + expr}.  Expressions may also me multiplied by a 2-integer
+        tuple, similar to C{{min,max}} multipliers in regular expressions.  Tuples
+        may also include C{None} as in:
+         - C{expr*(n,None)} or C{expr*(n,)} is equivalent
+              to C{expr*n + L{ZeroOrMore}(expr)}
+              (read as "at least n instances of C{expr}")
+         - C{expr*(None,n)} is equivalent to C{expr*(0,n)}
+              (read as "0 to n instances of C{expr}")
+         - C{expr*(None,None)} is equivalent to C{L{ZeroOrMore}(expr)}
+         - C{expr*(1,None)} is equivalent to C{L{OneOrMore}(expr)}
+
+        Note that C{expr*(None,n)} does not raise an exception if
+        more than n exprs exist in the input stream; that is,
+        C{expr*(None,n)} does not enforce a maximum number of expr
+        occurrences.  If this behavior is desired, then write
+        C{expr*(None,n) + ~expr}
+        """
+        if isinstance(other,int):
+            minElements, optElements = other,0
+        elif isinstance(other,tuple):
+            other = (other + (None, None))[:2]
+            if other[0] is None:
+                other = (0, other[1])
+            if isinstance(other[0],int) and other[1] is None:
+                if other[0] == 0:
+                    return ZeroOrMore(self)
+                if other[0] == 1:
+                    return OneOrMore(self)
+                else:
+                    return self*other[0] + ZeroOrMore(self)
+            elif isinstance(other[0],int) and isinstance(other[1],int):
+                minElements, optElements = other
+                optElements -= minElements
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("cannot multiply 'ParserElement' and ('%s','%s') objects", type(other[0]),type(other[1]))
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("cannot multiply 'ParserElement' and '%s' objects", type(other))
+
+        if minElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError("cannot multiply ParserElement by negative value")
+        if optElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError("second tuple value must be greater or equal to first tuple value")
+        if minElements == optElements == 0:
+            raise ValueError("cannot multiply ParserElement by 0 or (0,0)")
+
+        if (optElements):
+            def makeOptionalList(n):
+                if n>1:
+                    return Optional(self + makeOptionalList(n-1))
+                else:
+                    return Optional(self)
+            if minElements:
+                if minElements == 1:
+                    ret = self + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+                else:
+                    ret = And([self]*minElements) + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+            else:
+                ret = makeOptionalList(optElements)
+        else:
+            if minElements == 1:
+                ret = self
+            else:
+                ret = And([self]*minElements)
+        return ret
+
+    def __rmul__(self, other):
+        return self.__mul__(other)
+
+    def __or__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of | operator - returns C{L{MatchFirst}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return MatchFirst( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __ror__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of | operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other | self
+
+    def __xor__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ^ operator - returns C{L{Or}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return Or( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __rxor__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ^ operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other ^ self
+
+    def __and__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of & operator - returns C{L{Each}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return Each( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __rand__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of & operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other & self
+
+    def __invert__( self ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ~ operator - returns C{L{NotAny}}
+        """
+        return NotAny( self )
+
+    def __call__(self, name=None):
+        """
+        Shortcut for C{L{setResultsName}}, with C{listAllMatches=False}.
+        
+        If C{name} is given with a trailing C{'*'} character, then C{listAllMatches} will be
+        passed as C{True}.
+           
+        If C{name} is omitted, same as calling C{L{copy}}.
+
+        Example::
+            # these are equivalent
+            userdata = Word(alphas).setResultsName("name") + Word(nums+"-").setResultsName("socsecno")
+            userdata = Word(alphas)("name") + Word(nums+"-")("socsecno")             
+        """
+        if name is not None:
+            return self.setResultsName(name)
+        else:
+            return self.copy()
+
+    def suppress( self ):
+        """
+        Suppresses the output of this C{ParserElement}; useful to keep punctuation from
+        cluttering up returned output.
+        """
+        return Suppress( self )
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        """
+        Disables the skipping of whitespace before matching the characters in the
+        C{ParserElement}'s defined pattern.  This is normally only used internally by
+        the pyparsing module, but may be needed in some whitespace-sensitive grammars.
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def setWhitespaceChars( self, chars ):
+        """
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = chars
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = False
+        return self
+
+    def parseWithTabs( self ):
+        """
+        Overrides default behavior to expand C{<TAB>}s to spaces before parsing the input string.
+        Must be called before C{parseString} when the input grammar contains elements that
+        match C{<TAB>} characters.
+        """
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        """
+        Define expression to be ignored (e.g., comments) while doing pattern
+        matching; may be called repeatedly, to define multiple comment or other
+        ignorable patterns.
+        
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            patt.parseString('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd') # -> ['ablaj']
+            
+            patt.ignore(cStyleComment)
+            patt.parseString('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd') # -> ['ablaj', 'lskjd']
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, basestring):
+            other = Suppress(other)
+
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                self.ignoreExprs.append(other)
+        else:
+            self.ignoreExprs.append( Suppress( other.copy() ) )
+        return self
+
+    def setDebugActions( self, startAction, successAction, exceptionAction ):
+        """
+        Enable display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching.
+        """
+        self.debugActions = (startAction or _defaultStartDebugAction,
+                             successAction or _defaultSuccessDebugAction,
+                             exceptionAction or _defaultExceptionDebugAction)
+        self.debug = True
+        return self
+
+    def setDebug( self, flag=True ):
+        """
+        Enable display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching.
+        Set C{flag} to True to enable, False to disable.
+
+        Example::
+            wd = Word(alphas).setName("alphaword")
+            integer = Word(nums).setName("numword")
+            term = wd | integer
+            
+            # turn on debugging for wd
+            wd.setDebug()
+
+            OneOrMore(term).parseString("abc 123 xyz 890")
+        
+        prints::
+            Match alphaword at loc 0(1,1)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['abc']
+            Match alphaword at loc 3(1,4)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+            Match alphaword at loc 7(1,8)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['xyz']
+            Match alphaword at loc 11(1,12)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 12), (line:1, col:13)
+            Match alphaword at loc 15(1,16)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 15), (line:1, col:16)
+
+        The output shown is that produced by the default debug actions - custom debug actions can be
+        specified using L{setDebugActions}. Prior to attempting
+        to match the C{wd} expression, the debugging message C{"Match <exprname> at loc <n>(<line>,<col>)"}
+        is shown. Then if the parse succeeds, a C{"Matched"} message is shown, or an C{"Exception raised"}
+        message is shown. Also note the use of L{setName} to assign a human-readable name to the expression,
+        which makes debugging and exception messages easier to understand - for instance, the default
+        name created for the C{Word} expression without calling C{setName} is C{"W:(ABCD...)"}.
+        """
+        if flag:
+            self.setDebugActions( _defaultStartDebugAction, _defaultSuccessDebugAction, _defaultExceptionDebugAction )
+        else:
+            self.debug = False
+        return self
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return self.name
+
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return _ustr(self)
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        self.streamlined = True
+        self.strRepr = None
+        return self
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        pass
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        """
+        Check defined expressions for valid structure, check for infinite recursive definitions.
+        """
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+
+    def parseFile( self, file_or_filename, parseAll=False ):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on the given file or filename.
+        If a filename is specified (instead of a file object),
+        the entire file is opened, read, and closed before parsing.
+        """
+        try:
+            file_contents = file_or_filename.read()
+        except AttributeError:
+            with open(file_or_filename, "r") as f:
+                file_contents = f.read()
+        try:
+            return self.parseString(file_contents, parseAll)
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def __eq__(self,other):
+        if isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            return self is other or vars(self) == vars(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, basestring):
+            return self.matches(other)
+        else:
+            return super(ParserElement,self)==other
+
+    def __ne__(self,other):
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(id(self))
+
+    def __req__(self,other):
+        return self == other
+
+    def __rne__(self,other):
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    def matches(self, testString, parseAll=True):
+        """
+        Method for quick testing of a parser against a test string. Good for simple 
+        inline microtests of sub expressions while building up larger parser.
+           
+        Parameters:
+         - testString - to test against this expression for a match
+         - parseAll - (default=C{True}) - flag to pass to C{L{parseString}} when running tests
+            
+        Example::
+            expr = Word(nums)
+            assert expr.matches("100")
+        """
+        try:
+            self.parseString(_ustr(testString), parseAll=parseAll)
+            return True
+        except ParseBaseException:
+            return False
+                
+    def runTests(self, tests, parseAll=True, comment='#', fullDump=True, printResults=True, failureTests=False):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on a series of test strings, showing each
+        test, the parsed results or where the parse failed. Quick and easy way to
+        run a parse expression against a list of sample strings.
+           
+        Parameters:
+         - tests - a list of separate test strings, or a multiline string of test strings
+         - parseAll - (default=C{True}) - flag to pass to C{L{parseString}} when running tests           
+         - comment - (default=C{'#'}) - expression for indicating embedded comments in the test 
+              string; pass None to disable comment filtering
+         - fullDump - (default=C{True}) - dump results as list followed by results names in nested outline;
+              if False, only dump nested list
+         - printResults - (default=C{True}) prints test output to stdout
+         - failureTests - (default=C{False}) indicates if these tests are expected to fail parsing
+
+        Returns: a (success, results) tuple, where success indicates that all tests succeeded
+        (or failed if C{failureTests} is True), and the results contain a list of lines of each 
+        test's output
+        
+        Example::
+            number_expr = pyparsing_common.number.copy()
+
+            result = number_expr.runTests('''
+                # unsigned integer
+                100
+                # negative integer
+                -100
+                # float with scientific notation
+                6.02e23
+                # integer with scientific notation
+                1e-12
+                ''')
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+
+            result = number_expr.runTests('''
+                # stray character
+                100Z
+                # missing leading digit before '.'
+                -.100
+                # too many '.'
+                3.14.159
+                ''', failureTests=True)
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+        prints::
+            # unsigned integer
+            100
+            [100]
+
+            # negative integer
+            -100
+            [-100]
+
+            # float with scientific notation
+            6.02e23
+            [6.02e+23]
+
+            # integer with scientific notation
+            1e-12
+            [1e-12]
+
+            Success
+            
+            # stray character
+            100Z
+               ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 3), (line:1, col:4)
+
+            # missing leading digit before '.'
+            -.100
+            ^
+            FAIL: Expected {real number with scientific notation | real number | signed integer} (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+            # too many '.'
+            3.14.159
+                ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+
+            Success
+
+        Each test string must be on a single line. If you want to test a string that spans multiple
+        lines, create a test like this::
+
+            expr.runTest(r"this is a test\\n of strings that spans \\n 3 lines")
+        
+        (Note that this is a raw string literal, you must include the leading 'r'.)
+        """
+        if isinstance(tests, basestring):
+            tests = list(map(str.strip, tests.rstrip().splitlines()))
+        if isinstance(comment, basestring):
+            comment = Literal(comment)
+        allResults = []
+        comments = []
+        success = True
+        for t in tests:
+            if comment is not None and comment.matches(t, False) or comments and not t:
+                comments.append(t)
+                continue
+            if not t:
+                continue
+            out = ['\n'.join(comments), t]
+            comments = []
+            try:
+                t = t.replace(r'\n','\n')
+                result = self.parseString(t, parseAll=parseAll)
+                out.append(result.dump(full=fullDump))
+                success = success and not failureTests
+            except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                fatal = "(FATAL)" if isinstance(pe, ParseFatalException) else ""
+                if '\n' in t:
+                    out.append(line(pe.loc, t))
+                    out.append(' '*(col(pe.loc,t)-1) + '^' + fatal)
+                else:
+                    out.append(' '*pe.loc + '^' + fatal)
+                out.append("FAIL: " + str(pe))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = pe
+            except Exception as exc:
+                out.append("FAIL-EXCEPTION: " + str(exc))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = exc
+
+            if printResults:
+                if fullDump:
+                    out.append('')
+                print('\n'.join(out))
+
+            allResults.append((t, result))
+        
+        return success, allResults
+
+        
+class Token(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract C{ParserElement} subclass, for defining atomic matching patterns.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(Token,self).__init__( savelist=False )
+
+
+class Empty(Token):
+    """
+    An empty token, will always match.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(Empty,self).__init__()
+        self.name = "Empty"
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+
+class NoMatch(Token):
+    """
+    A token that will never match.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(NoMatch,self).__init__()
+        self.name = "NoMatch"
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.errmsg = "Unmatchable token"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Literal(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string.
+    
+    Example::
+        Literal('blah').parseString('blah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parseString('blahfooblah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parseString('bla')  # -> Exception: Expected "blah"
+    
+    For case-insensitive matching, use L{CaselessLiteral}.
+    
+    For keyword matching (force word break before and after the matched string),
+    use L{Keyword} or L{CaselessKeyword}.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString ):
+        super(Literal,self).__init__()
+        self.match = matchString
+        self.matchLen = len(matchString)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = matchString[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            warnings.warn("null string passed to Literal; use Empty() instead",
+                            SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            self.__class__ = Empty
+        self.name = '"%s"' % _ustr(self.match)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+    # Performance tuning: this routine gets called a *lot*
+    # if this is a single character match string  and the first character matches,
+    # short-circuit as quickly as possible, and avoid calling startswith
+    #~ @profile
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if (instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar and
+            (self.matchLen==1 or instring.startswith(self.match,loc)) ):
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+_L = Literal
+ParserElement._literalStringClass = Literal
+
+class Keyword(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string as a keyword, that is, it must be
+    immediately followed by a non-keyword character.  Compare with C{L{Literal}}:
+     - C{Literal("if")} will match the leading C{'if'} in C{'ifAndOnlyIf'}.
+     - C{Keyword("if")} will not; it will only match the leading C{'if'} in C{'if x=1'}, or C{'if(y==2)'}
+    Accepts two optional constructor arguments in addition to the keyword string:
+     - C{identChars} is a string of characters that would be valid identifier characters,
+          defaulting to all alphanumerics + "_" and "$"
+     - C{caseless} allows case-insensitive matching, default is C{False}.
+       
+    Example::
+        Keyword("start").parseString("start")  # -> ['start']
+        Keyword("start").parseString("starting")  # -> Exception
+
+    For case-insensitive matching, use L{CaselessKeyword}.
+    """
+    DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = alphanums+"_$"
+
+    def __init__( self, matchString, identChars=None, caseless=False ):
+        super(Keyword,self).__init__()
+        if identChars is None:
+            identChars = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+        self.match = matchString
+        self.matchLen = len(matchString)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = matchString[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            warnings.warn("null string passed to Keyword; use Empty() instead",
+                            SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        self.name = '"%s"' % self.match
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.caseless = caseless
+        if caseless:
+            self.caselessmatch = matchString.upper()
+            identChars = identChars.upper()
+        self.identChars = set(identChars)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.caseless:
+            if ( (instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.caselessmatch) and
+                 (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen].upper() not in self.identChars) and
+                 (loc == 0 or instring[loc-1].upper() not in self.identChars) ):
+                return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        else:
+            if (instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar and
+                (self.matchLen==1 or instring.startswith(self.match,loc)) and
+                (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen] not in self.identChars) and
+                (loc == 0 or instring[loc-1] not in self.identChars) ):
+                return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        c = super(Keyword,self).copy()
+        c.identChars = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+        return c
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def setDefaultKeywordChars( chars ):
+        """Overrides the default Keyword chars
+        """
+        Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = chars
+
+class CaselessLiteral(Literal):
+    """
+    Token to match a specified string, ignoring case of letters.
+    Note: the matched results will always be in the case of the given
+    match string, NOT the case of the input text.
+
+    Example::
+        OneOrMore(CaselessLiteral("CMD")).parseString("cmd CMD Cmd10") # -> ['CMD', 'CMD', 'CMD']
+        
+    (Contrast with example for L{CaselessKeyword}.)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString ):
+        super(CaselessLiteral,self).__init__( matchString.upper() )
+        # Preserve the defining literal.
+        self.returnString = matchString
+        self.name = "'%s'" % self.returnString
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.match:
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.returnString
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class CaselessKeyword(Keyword):
+    """
+    Caseless version of L{Keyword}.
+
+    Example::
+        OneOrMore(CaselessKeyword("CMD")).parseString("cmd CMD Cmd10") # -> ['CMD', 'CMD']
+        
+    (Contrast with example for L{CaselessLiteral}.)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString, identChars=None ):
+        super(CaselessKeyword,self).__init__( matchString, identChars, caseless=True )
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if ( (instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.caselessmatch) and
+             (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen].upper() not in self.identChars) ):
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class CloseMatch(Token):
+    """
+    A variation on L{Literal} which matches "close" matches, that is, 
+    strings with at most 'n' mismatching characters. C{CloseMatch} takes parameters:
+     - C{match_string} - string to be matched
+     - C{maxMismatches} - (C{default=1}) maximum number of mismatches allowed to count as a match
+    
+    The results from a successful parse will contain the matched text from the input string and the following named results:
+     - C{mismatches} - a list of the positions within the match_string where mismatches were found
+     - C{original} - the original match_string used to compare against the input string
+    
+    If C{mismatches} is an empty list, then the match was an exact match.
+    
+    Example::
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA")
+        patt.parseString("ATCATCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+        patt.parseString("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> Exception: Expected 'ATCATCGAATGGA' (with up to 1 mismatches) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+        # exact match
+        patt.parseString("ATCATCGAATGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAATGGA'], {'mismatches': [[]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+
+        # close match allowing up to 2 mismatches
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA", maxMismatches=2)
+        patt.parseString("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCAXCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[4, 9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+    """
+    def __init__(self, match_string, maxMismatches=1):
+        super(CloseMatch,self).__init__()
+        self.name = match_string
+        self.match_string = match_string
+        self.maxMismatches = maxMismatches
+        self.errmsg = "Expected %r (with up to %d mismatches)" % (self.match_string, self.maxMismatches)
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        start = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        maxloc = start + len(self.match_string)
+
+        if maxloc <= instrlen:
+            match_string = self.match_string
+            match_stringloc = 0
+            mismatches = []
+            maxMismatches = self.maxMismatches
+
+            for match_stringloc,s_m in enumerate(zip(instring[loc:maxloc], self.match_string)):
+                src,mat = s_m
+                if src != mat:
+                    mismatches.append(match_stringloc)
+                    if len(mismatches) > maxMismatches:
+                        break
+            else:
+                loc = match_stringloc + 1
+                results = ParseResults([instring[start:loc]])
+                results['original'] = self.match_string
+                results['mismatches'] = mismatches
+                return loc, results
+
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Word(Token):
+    """
+    Token for matching words composed of allowed character sets.
+    Defined with string containing all allowed initial characters,
+    an optional string containing allowed body characters (if omitted,
+    defaults to the initial character set), and an optional minimum,
+    maximum, and/or exact length.  The default value for C{min} is 1 (a
+    minimum value < 1 is not valid); the default values for C{max} and C{exact}
+    are 0, meaning no maximum or exact length restriction. An optional
+    C{excludeChars} parameter can list characters that might be found in 
+    the input C{bodyChars} string; useful to define a word of all printables
+    except for one or two characters, for instance.
+    
+    L{srange} is useful for defining custom character set strings for defining 
+    C{Word} expressions, using range notation from regular expression character sets.
+    
+    A common mistake is to use C{Word} to match a specific literal string, as in 
+    C{Word("Address")}. Remember that C{Word} uses the string argument to define
+    I{sets} of matchable characters. This expression would match "Add", "AAA",
+    "dAred", or any other word made up of the characters 'A', 'd', 'r', 'e', and 's'.
+    To match an exact literal string, use L{Literal} or L{Keyword}.
+
+    pyparsing includes helper strings for building Words:
+     - L{alphas}
+     - L{nums}
+     - L{alphanums}
+     - L{hexnums}
+     - L{alphas8bit} (alphabetic characters in ASCII range 128-255 - accented, tilded, umlauted, etc.)
+     - L{punc8bit} (non-alphabetic characters in ASCII range 128-255 - currency, symbols, superscripts, diacriticals, etc.)
+     - L{printables} (any non-whitespace character)
+
+    Example::
+        # a word composed of digits
+        integer = Word(nums) # equivalent to Word("0123456789") or Word(srange("0-9"))
+        
+        # a word with a leading capital, and zero or more lowercase
+        capital_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+
+        # hostnames are alphanumeric, with leading alpha, and '-'
+        hostname = Word(alphas, alphanums+'-')
+        
+        # roman numeral (not a strict parser, accepts invalid mix of characters)
+        roman = Word("IVXLCDM")
+        
+        # any string of non-whitespace characters, except for ','
+        csv_value = Word(printables, excludeChars=",")
+    """
+    def __init__( self, initChars, bodyChars=None, min=1, max=0, exact=0, asKeyword=False, excludeChars=None ):
+        super(Word,self).__init__()
+        if excludeChars:
+            initChars = ''.join(c for c in initChars if c not in excludeChars)
+            if bodyChars:
+                bodyChars = ''.join(c for c in bodyChars if c not in excludeChars)
+        self.initCharsOrig = initChars
+        self.initChars = set(initChars)
+        if bodyChars :
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = bodyChars
+            self.bodyChars = set(bodyChars)
+        else:
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = initChars
+            self.bodyChars = set(initChars)
+
+        self.maxSpecified = max > 0
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError("cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use Optional(Word()) if zero-length word is permitted")
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.asKeyword = asKeyword
+
+        if ' ' not in self.initCharsOrig+self.bodyCharsOrig and (min==1 and max==0 and exact==0):
+            if self.bodyCharsOrig == self.initCharsOrig:
+                self.reString = "[%s]+" % _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.initCharsOrig)
+            elif len(self.initCharsOrig) == 1:
+                self.reString = "%s[%s]*" % \
+                                      (re.escape(self.initCharsOrig),
+                                      _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.bodyCharsOrig),)
+            else:
+                self.reString = "[%s][%s]*" % \
+                                      (_escapeRegexRangeChars(self.initCharsOrig),
+                                      _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.bodyCharsOrig),)
+            if self.asKeyword:
+                self.reString = r"\b"+self.reString+r"\b"
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile( self.reString )
+            except Exception:
+                self.re = None
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.re:
+            result = self.re.match(instring,loc)
+            if not result:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+            loc = result.end()
+            return loc, result.group()
+
+        if not(instring[ loc ] in self.initChars):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        bodychars = self.bodyChars
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min( maxloc, instrlen )
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            loc += 1
+
+        throwException = False
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            throwException = True
+        if self.maxSpecified and loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            throwException = True
+        if self.asKeyword:
+            if (start>0 and instring[start-1] in bodychars) or (loc<instrlen and instring[loc] in bodychars):
+                throwException = True
+
+        if throwException:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(Word,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+
+            def charsAsStr(s):
+                if len(s)>4:
+                    return s[:4]+"..."
+                else:
+                    return s
+
+            if ( self.initCharsOrig != self.bodyCharsOrig ):
+                self.strRepr = "W:(%s,%s)" % ( charsAsStr(self.initCharsOrig), charsAsStr(self.bodyCharsOrig) )
+            else:
+                self.strRepr = "W:(%s)" % charsAsStr(self.initCharsOrig)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class Regex(Token):
+    r"""
+    Token for matching strings that match a given regular expression.
+    Defined with string specifying the regular expression in a form recognized by the inbuilt Python re module.
+    If the given regex contains named groups (defined using C{(?P<name>...)}), these will be preserved as 
+    named parse results.
+
+    Example::
+        realnum = Regex(r"[+-]?\d+\.\d*")
+        date = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d?)-(?P<day>\d\d?)')
+        # ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/267399/how-do-you-match-only-valid-roman-numerals-with-a-regular-expression
+        roman = Regex(r"M{0,4}(CM|CD|D?C{0,3})(XC|XL|L?X{0,3})(IX|IV|V?I{0,3})")
+    """
+    compiledREtype = type(re.compile("[A-Z]"))
+    def __init__( self, pattern, flags=0):
+        """The parameters C{pattern} and C{flags} are passed to the C{re.compile()} function as-is. See the Python C{re} module for an explanation of the acceptable patterns and flags."""
+        super(Regex,self).__init__()
+
+        if isinstance(pattern, basestring):
+            if not pattern:
+                warnings.warn("null string passed to Regex; use Empty() instead",
+                        SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+            self.pattern = pattern
+            self.flags = flags
+
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+                self.reString = self.pattern
+            except sre_constants.error:
+                warnings.warn("invalid pattern (%s) passed to Regex" % pattern,
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+                raise
+
+        elif isinstance(pattern, Regex.compiledREtype):
+            self.re = pattern
+            self.pattern = \
+            self.reString = str(pattern)
+            self.flags = flags
+            
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Regex may only be constructed with a string or a compiled RE object")
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        result = self.re.match(instring,loc)
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        d = result.groupdict()
+        ret = ParseResults(result.group())
+        if d:
+            for k in d:
+                ret[k] = d[k]
+        return loc,ret
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(Regex,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "Re:(%s)" % repr(self.pattern)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class QuotedString(Token):
+    r"""
+    Token for matching strings that are delimited by quoting characters.
+    
+    Defined with the following parameters:
+        - quoteChar - string of one or more characters defining the quote delimiting string
+        - escChar - character to escape quotes, typically backslash (default=C{None})
+        - escQuote - special quote sequence to escape an embedded quote string (such as SQL's "" to escape an embedded ") (default=C{None})
+        - multiline - boolean indicating whether quotes can span multiple lines (default=C{False})
+        - unquoteResults - boolean indicating whether the matched text should be unquoted (default=C{True})
+        - endQuoteChar - string of one or more characters defining the end of the quote delimited string (default=C{None} => same as quoteChar)
+        - convertWhitespaceEscapes - convert escaped whitespace (C{'\t'}, C{'\n'}, etc.) to actual whitespace (default=C{True})
+
+    Example::
+        qs = QuotedString('"')
+        print(qs.searchString('lsjdf "This is the quote" sldjf'))
+        complex_qs = QuotedString('{{', endQuoteChar='}}')
+        print(complex_qs.searchString('lsjdf {{This is the "quote"}} sldjf'))
+        sql_qs = QuotedString('"', escQuote='""')
+        print(sql_qs.searchString('lsjdf "This is the quote with ""embedded"" quotes" sldjf'))
+    prints::
+        [['This is the quote']]
+        [['This is the "quote"']]
+        [['This is the quote with "embedded" quotes']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, quoteChar, escChar=None, escQuote=None, multiline=False, unquoteResults=True, endQuoteChar=None, convertWhitespaceEscapes=True):
+        super(QuotedString,self).__init__()
+
+        # remove white space from quote chars - wont work anyway
+        quoteChar = quoteChar.strip()
+        if not quoteChar:
+            warnings.warn("quoteChar cannot be the empty string",SyntaxWarning,stacklevel=2)
+            raise SyntaxError()
+
+        if endQuoteChar is None:
+            endQuoteChar = quoteChar
+        else:
+            endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar.strip()
+            if not endQuoteChar:
+                warnings.warn("endQuoteChar cannot be the empty string",SyntaxWarning,stacklevel=2)
+                raise SyntaxError()
+
+        self.quoteChar = quoteChar
+        self.quoteCharLen = len(quoteChar)
+        self.firstQuoteChar = quoteChar[0]
+        self.endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar
+        self.endQuoteCharLen = len(endQuoteChar)
+        self.escChar = escChar
+        self.escQuote = escQuote
+        self.unquoteResults = unquoteResults
+        self.convertWhitespaceEscapes = convertWhitespaceEscapes
+
+        if multiline:
+            self.flags = re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL
+            self.pattern = r'%s(?:[^%s%s]' % \
+                ( re.escape(self.quoteChar),
+                  _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                  (escChar is not None and _escapeRegexRangeChars(escChar) or '') )
+        else:
+            self.flags = 0
+            self.pattern = r'%s(?:[^%s\n\r%s]' % \
+                ( re.escape(self.quoteChar),
+                  _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                  (escChar is not None and _escapeRegexRangeChars(escChar) or '') )
+        if len(self.endQuoteChar) > 1:
+            self.pattern += (
+                '|(?:' + ')|(?:'.join("%s[^%s]" % (re.escape(self.endQuoteChar[:i]),
+                                               _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[i]))
+                                    for i in range(len(self.endQuoteChar)-1,0,-1)) + ')'
+                )
+        if escQuote:
+            self.pattern += (r'|(?:%s)' % re.escape(escQuote))
+        if escChar:
+            self.pattern += (r'|(?:%s.)' % re.escape(escChar))
+            self.escCharReplacePattern = re.escape(self.escChar)+"(.)"
+        self.pattern += (r')*%s' % re.escape(self.endQuoteChar))
+
+        try:
+            self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+            self.reString = self.pattern
+        except sre_constants.error:
+            warnings.warn("invalid pattern (%s) passed to Regex" % self.pattern,
+                SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            raise
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        result = instring[loc] == self.firstQuoteChar and self.re.match(instring,loc) or None
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        ret = result.group()
+
+        if self.unquoteResults:
+
+            # strip off quotes
+            ret = ret[self.quoteCharLen:-self.endQuoteCharLen]
+
+            if isinstance(ret,basestring):
+                # replace escaped whitespace
+                if '\\' in ret and self.convertWhitespaceEscapes:
+                    ws_map = {
+                        r'\t' : '\t',
+                        r'\n' : '\n',
+                        r'\f' : '\f',
+                        r'\r' : '\r',
+                    }
+                    for wslit,wschar in ws_map.items():
+                        ret = ret.replace(wslit, wschar)
+
+                # replace escaped characters
+                if self.escChar:
+                    ret = re.sub(self.escCharReplacePattern, r"\g<1>", ret)
+
+                # replace escaped quotes
+                if self.escQuote:
+                    ret = ret.replace(self.escQuote, self.endQuoteChar)
+
+        return loc, ret
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(QuotedString,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "quoted string, starting with %s ending with %s" % (self.quoteChar, self.endQuoteChar)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class CharsNotIn(Token):
+    """
+    Token for matching words composed of characters I{not} in a given set (will
+    include whitespace in matched characters if not listed in the provided exclusion set - see example).
+    Defined with string containing all disallowed characters, and an optional
+    minimum, maximum, and/or exact length.  The default value for C{min} is 1 (a
+    minimum value < 1 is not valid); the default values for C{max} and C{exact}
+    are 0, meaning no maximum or exact length restriction.
+
+    Example::
+        # define a comma-separated-value as anything that is not a ','
+        csv_value = CharsNotIn(',')
+        print(delimitedList(csv_value).parseString("dkls,lsdkjf,s12 34,@!#,213"))
+    prints::
+        ['dkls', 'lsdkjf', 's12 34', '@!#', '213']
+    """
+    def __init__( self, notChars, min=1, max=0, exact=0 ):
+        super(CharsNotIn,self).__init__()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.notChars = notChars
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError("cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use Optional(CharsNotIn()) if zero-length char group is permitted")
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = ( self.minLen == 0 )
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if instring[loc] in self.notChars:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        notchars = self.notChars
+        maxlen = min( start+self.maxLen, len(instring) )
+        while loc < maxlen and \
+              (instring[loc] not in notchars):
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(CharsNotIn, self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            if len(self.notChars) > 4:
+                self.strRepr = "!W:(%s...)" % self.notChars[:4]
+            else:
+                self.strRepr = "!W:(%s)" % self.notChars
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class White(Token):
+    """
+    Special matching class for matching whitespace.  Normally, whitespace is ignored
+    by pyparsing grammars.  This class is included when some whitespace structures
+    are significant.  Define with a string containing the whitespace characters to be
+    matched; default is C{" \\t\\r\\n"}.  Also takes optional C{min}, C{max}, and C{exact} arguments,
+    as defined for the C{L{Word}} class.
+    """
+    whiteStrs = {
+        " " : "<SPC>",
+        "\t": "<TAB>",
+        "\n": "<LF>",
+        "\r": "<CR>",
+        "\f": "<FF>",
+        }
+    def __init__(self, ws=" \t\r\n", min=1, max=0, exact=0):
+        super(White,self).__init__()
+        self.matchWhite = ws
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( "".join(c for c in self.whiteChars if c not in self.matchWhite) )
+        #~ self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.name = ("".join(White.whiteStrs[c] for c in self.matchWhite))
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if not(instring[ loc ] in self.matchWhite):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min( maxloc, len(instring) )
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in self.matchWhite:
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+
+class _PositionToken(Token):
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(_PositionToken,self).__init__()
+        self.name=self.__class__.__name__
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+class GoToColumn(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Token to advance to a specific column of input text; useful for tabular report scraping.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, colno ):
+        super(GoToColumn,self).__init__()
+        self.col = colno
+
+    def preParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        if col(loc,instring) != self.col:
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            if self.ignoreExprs:
+                loc = self._skipIgnorables( instring, loc )
+            while loc < instrlen and instring[loc].isspace() and col( loc, instring ) != self.col :
+                loc += 1
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        thiscol = col( loc, instring )
+        if thiscol > self.col:
+            raise ParseException( instring, loc, "Text not in expected column", self )
+        newloc = loc + self.col - thiscol
+        ret = instring[ loc: newloc ]
+        return newloc, ret
+
+
+class LineStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the beginning of a line within the parse string
+    
+    Example::
+    
+        test = '''\
+        AAA this line
+        AAA and this line
+          AAA but not this one
+        B AAA and definitely not this one
+        '''
+
+        for t in (LineStart() + 'AAA' + restOfLine).searchString(test):
+            print(t)
+    
+    Prints::
+        ['AAA', ' this line']
+        ['AAA', ' and this line']    
+
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(LineStart,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of line"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if col(loc, instring) == 1:
+            return loc, []
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class LineEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the end of a line within the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(LineEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS.replace("\n","") )
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of line"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc<len(instring):
+            if instring[loc] == "\n":
+                return loc+1, "\n"
+            else:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc+1, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class StringStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the beginning of the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(StringStart,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of text"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc != 0:
+            # see if entire string up to here is just whitespace and ignoreables
+            if loc != self.preParse( instring, 0 ):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+class StringEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the end of the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(StringEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of text"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc < len(instring):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc+1, []
+        elif loc > len(instring):
+            return loc, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class WordStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if the current position is at the beginning of a Word, and
+    is not preceded by any character in a given set of C{wordChars}
+    (default=C{printables}). To emulate the C{\b} behavior of regular expressions,
+    use C{WordStart(alphanums)}. C{WordStart} will also match at the beginning of
+    the string being parsed, or at the beginning of a line.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, wordChars = printables):
+        super(WordStart,self).__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the start of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc != 0:
+            if (instring[loc-1] in self.wordChars or
+                instring[loc] not in self.wordChars):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+class WordEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if the current position is at the end of a Word, and
+    is not followed by any character in a given set of C{wordChars}
+    (default=C{printables}). To emulate the C{\b} behavior of regular expressions,
+    use C{WordEnd(alphanums)}. C{WordEnd} will also match at the end of
+    the string being parsed, or at the end of a line.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, wordChars = printables):
+        super(WordEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the end of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        if instrlen>0 and loc<instrlen:
+            if (instring[loc] in self.wordChars or
+                instring[loc-1] not in self.wordChars):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class ParseExpression(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of ParserElement, for combining and post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(ParseExpression,self).__init__(savelist)
+        if isinstance( exprs, _generatorType ):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+
+        if isinstance( exprs, basestring ):
+            self.exprs = [ ParserElement._literalStringClass( exprs ) ]
+        elif isinstance( exprs, Iterable ):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+            # if sequence of strings provided, wrap with Literal
+            if all(isinstance(expr, basestring) for expr in exprs):
+                exprs = map(ParserElement._literalStringClass, exprs)
+            self.exprs = list(exprs)
+        else:
+            try:
+                self.exprs = list( exprs )
+            except TypeError:
+                self.exprs = [ exprs ]
+        self.callPreparse = False
+
+    def __getitem__( self, i ):
+        return self.exprs[i]
+
+    def append( self, other ):
+        self.exprs.append( other )
+        self.strRepr = None
+        return self
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        """Extends C{leaveWhitespace} defined in base class, and also invokes C{leaveWhitespace} on
+           all contained expressions."""
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.exprs = [ e.copy() for e in self.exprs ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.leaveWhitespace()
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super( ParseExpression, self).ignore( other )
+                for e in self.exprs:
+                    e.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        else:
+            super( ParseExpression, self).ignore( other )
+            for e in self.exprs:
+                e.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        return self
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(ParseExpression,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "%s:(%s)" % ( self.__class__.__name__, _ustr(self.exprs) )
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        super(ParseExpression,self).streamline()
+
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        # collapse nested And's of the form And( And( And( a,b), c), d) to And( a,b,c,d )
+        # but only if there are no parse actions or resultsNames on the nested And's
+        # (likewise for Or's and MatchFirst's)
+        if ( len(self.exprs) == 2 ):
+            other = self.exprs[0]
+            if ( isinstance( other, self.__class__ ) and
+                  not(other.parseAction) and
+                  other.resultsName is None and
+                  not other.debug ):
+                self.exprs = other.exprs[:] + [ self.exprs[1] ]
+                self.strRepr = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError  |= other.mayIndexError
+
+            other = self.exprs[-1]
+            if ( isinstance( other, self.__class__ ) and
+                  not(other.parseAction) and
+                  other.resultsName is None and
+                  not other.debug ):
+                self.exprs = self.exprs[:-1] + other.exprs[:]
+                self.strRepr = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError  |= other.mayIndexError
+
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + _ustr(self)
+        
+        return self
+
+    def setResultsName( self, name, listAllMatches=False ):
+        ret = super(ParseExpression,self).setResultsName(name,listAllMatches)
+        return ret
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+        
+    def copy(self):
+        ret = super(ParseExpression,self).copy()
+        ret.exprs = [e.copy() for e in self.exprs]
+        return ret
+
+class And(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires all given C{ParseExpression}s to be found in the given order.
+    Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+    May be constructed using the C{'+'} operator.
+    May also be constructed using the C{'-'} operator, which will suppress backtracking.
+
+    Example::
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        name_expr = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+
+        expr = And([integer("id"),name_expr("name"),integer("age")])
+        # more easily written as:
+        expr = integer("id") + name_expr("name") + integer("age")
+    """
+
+    class _ErrorStop(Empty):
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            super(And._ErrorStop,self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            self.name = '-'
+            self.leaveWhitespace()
+
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = True ):
+        super(And,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( self.exprs[0].whiteChars )
+        self.skipWhitespace = self.exprs[0].skipWhitespace
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        # pass False as last arg to _parse for first element, since we already
+        # pre-parsed the string as part of our And pre-parsing
+        loc, resultlist = self.exprs[0]._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        errorStop = False
+        for e in self.exprs[1:]:
+            if isinstance(e, And._ErrorStop):
+                errorStop = True
+                continue
+            if errorStop:
+                try:
+                    loc, exprtokens = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                except ParseSyntaxException:
+                    raise
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    pe.__traceback__ = None
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException._from_exception(pe)
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException(instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self)
+            else:
+                loc, exprtokens = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+            if exprtokens or exprtokens.haskeys():
+                resultlist += exprtokens
+        return loc, resultlist
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #And( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+            if not e.mayReturnEmpty:
+                break
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class Or(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires that at least one C{ParseExpression} is found.
+    If two expressions match, the expression that matches the longest string will be used.
+    May be constructed using the C{'^'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        # construct Or using '^' operator
+        
+        number = Word(nums) ^ Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789"))
+    prints::
+        [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(Or,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+        matches = []
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                loc2 = e.tryParse( instring, loc )
+            except ParseException as err:
+                err.__traceback__ = None
+                if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = err
+                    maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(instring,len(instring),e.errmsg,self)
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+            else:
+                # save match among all matches, to retry longest to shortest
+                matches.append((loc2, e))
+
+        if matches:
+            matches.sort(key=lambda x: -x[0])
+            for _,e in matches:
+                try:
+                    return e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                except ParseException as err:
+                    err.__traceback__ = None
+                    if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                        maxException = err
+                        maxExcLoc = err.loc
+
+        if maxException is not None:
+            maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+            raise maxException
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self)
+
+
+    def __ixor__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #Or( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " ^ ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class MatchFirst(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires that at least one C{ParseExpression} is found.
+    If two expressions match, the first one listed is the one that will match.
+    May be constructed using the C{'|'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        # construct MatchFirst using '|' operator
+        
+        # watch the order of expressions to match
+        number = Word(nums) | Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789")) #  Fail! -> [['123'], ['3'], ['1416'], ['789']]
+
+        # put more selective expression first
+        number = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)) | Word(nums)
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789")) #  Better -> [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(MatchFirst,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                ret = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                return ret
+            except ParseException as err:
+                if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = err
+                    maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(instring,len(instring),e.errmsg,self)
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+
+        # only got here if no expression matched, raise exception for match that made it the furthest
+        else:
+            if maxException is not None:
+                maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+                raise maxException
+            else:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self)
+
+    def __ior__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #MatchFirst( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " | ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class Each(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires all given C{ParseExpression}s to be found, but in any order.
+    Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+    May be constructed using the C{'&'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        color = oneOf("RED ORANGE YELLOW GREEN BLUE PURPLE BLACK WHITE BROWN")
+        shape_type = oneOf("SQUARE CIRCLE TRIANGLE STAR HEXAGON OCTAGON")
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        shape_attr = "shape:" + shape_type("shape")
+        posn_attr = "posn:" + Group(integer("x") + ',' + integer("y"))("posn")
+        color_attr = "color:" + color("color")
+        size_attr = "size:" + integer("size")
+
+        # use Each (using operator '&') to accept attributes in any order 
+        # (shape and posn are required, color and size are optional)
+        shape_spec = shape_attr & posn_attr & Optional(color_attr) & Optional(size_attr)
+
+        shape_spec.runTests('''
+            shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+            shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+            color:GREEN size:20 shape:TRIANGLE posn:20,40
+            '''
+            )
+    prints::
+        shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+        ['shape:', 'SQUARE', 'color:', 'BLACK', 'posn:', ['100', ',', '120']]
+        - color: BLACK
+        - posn: ['100', ',', '120']
+          - x: 100
+          - y: 120
+        - shape: SQUARE
+
+
+        shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+        ['shape:', 'CIRCLE', 'size:', '50', 'color:', 'BLUE', 'posn:', ['50', ',', '80']]
+        - color: BLUE
+        - posn: ['50', ',', '80']
+          - x: 50
+          - y: 80
+        - shape: CIRCLE
+        - size: 50
+
+
+        color: GREEN size: 20 shape: TRIANGLE posn: 20,40
+        ['color:', 'GREEN', 'size:', '20', 'shape:', 'TRIANGLE', 'posn:', ['20', ',', '40']]
+        - color: GREEN
+        - posn: ['20', ',', '40']
+          - x: 20
+          - y: 40
+        - shape: TRIANGLE
+        - size: 20
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = True ):
+        super(Each,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.initExprGroups = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.initExprGroups:
+            self.opt1map = dict((id(e.expr),e) for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional))
+            opt1 = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional) ]
+            opt2 = [ e for e in self.exprs if e.mayReturnEmpty and not isinstance(e,Optional)]
+            self.optionals = opt1 + opt2
+            self.multioptionals = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,ZeroOrMore) ]
+            self.multirequired = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,OneOrMore) ]
+            self.required = [ e for e in self.exprs if not isinstance(e,(Optional,ZeroOrMore,OneOrMore)) ]
+            self.required += self.multirequired
+            self.initExprGroups = False
+        tmpLoc = loc
+        tmpReqd = self.required[:]
+        tmpOpt  = self.optionals[:]
+        matchOrder = []
+
+        keepMatching = True
+        while keepMatching:
+            tmpExprs = tmpReqd + tmpOpt + self.multioptionals + self.multirequired
+            failed = []
+            for e in tmpExprs:
+                try:
+                    tmpLoc = e.tryParse( instring, tmpLoc )
+                except ParseException:
+                    failed.append(e)
+                else:
+                    matchOrder.append(self.opt1map.get(id(e),e))
+                    if e in tmpReqd:
+                        tmpReqd.remove(e)
+                    elif e in tmpOpt:
+                        tmpOpt.remove(e)
+            if len(failed) == len(tmpExprs):
+                keepMatching = False
+
+        if tmpReqd:
+            missing = ", ".join(_ustr(e) for e in tmpReqd)
+            raise ParseException(instring,loc,"Missing one or more required elements (%s)" % missing )
+
+        # add any unmatched Optionals, in case they have default values defined
+        matchOrder += [e for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional) and e.expr in tmpOpt]
+
+        resultlist = []
+        for e in matchOrder:
+            loc,results = e._parse(instring,loc,doActions)
+            resultlist.append(results)
+
+        finalResults = sum(resultlist, ParseResults([]))
+        return loc, finalResults
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " & ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class ParseElementEnhance(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of C{ParserElement}, for combining and post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, savelist=False ):
+        super(ParseElementEnhance,self).__init__(savelist)
+        if isinstance( expr, basestring ):
+            if issubclass(ParserElement._literalStringClass, Token):
+                expr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(expr)
+            else:
+                expr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(Literal(expr))
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.strRepr = None
+        if expr is not None:
+            self.mayIndexError = expr.mayIndexError
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = expr.mayReturnEmpty
+            self.setWhitespaceChars( expr.whiteChars )
+            self.skipWhitespace = expr.skipWhitespace
+            self.saveAsList = expr.saveAsList
+            self.callPreparse = expr.callPreparse
+            self.ignoreExprs.extend(expr.ignoreExprs)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return self.expr._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        else:
+            raise ParseException("",loc,self.errmsg,self)
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.expr = self.expr.copy()
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.leaveWhitespace()
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super( ParseElementEnhance, self).ignore( other )
+                if self.expr is not None:
+                    self.expr.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        else:
+            super( ParseElementEnhance, self).ignore( other )
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        return self
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        super(ParseElementEnhance,self).streamline()
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        if self in parseElementList:
+            raise RecursiveGrammarException( parseElementList+[self] )
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(ParseElementEnhance,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None and self.expr is not None:
+            self.strRepr = "%s:(%s)" % ( self.__class__.__name__, _ustr(self.expr) )
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class FollowedBy(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Lookahead matching of the given parse expression.  C{FollowedBy}
+    does I{not} advance the parsing position within the input string, it only
+    verifies that the specified parse expression matches at the current
+    position.  C{FollowedBy} always returns a null token list.
+
+    Example::
+        # use FollowedBy to match a label only if it is followed by a ':'
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString("shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: upper left").pprint()
+    prints::
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['color', 'BLACK'], ['posn', 'upper left']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(FollowedBy,self).__init__(expr)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        self.expr.tryParse( instring, loc )
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class NotAny(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Lookahead to disallow matching with the given parse expression.  C{NotAny}
+    does I{not} advance the parsing position within the input string, it only
+    verifies that the specified parse expression does I{not} match at the current
+    position.  Also, C{NotAny} does I{not} skip over leading whitespace. C{NotAny}
+    always returns a null token list.  May be constructed using the '~' operator.
+
+    Example::
+        
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(NotAny,self).__init__(expr)
+        #~ self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False  # do NOT use self.leaveWhitespace(), don't want to propagate to exprs
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Found unwanted token, "+_ustr(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.expr.canParseNext(instring, loc):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "~{" + _ustr(self.expr) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class _MultipleMatch(ParseElementEnhance):
+    def __init__( self, expr, stopOn=None):
+        super(_MultipleMatch, self).__init__(expr)
+        self.saveAsList = True
+        ender = stopOn
+        if isinstance(ender, basestring):
+            ender = ParserElement._literalStringClass(ender)
+        self.not_ender = ~ender if ender is not None else None
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        self_expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_skip_ignorables = self._skipIgnorables
+        check_ender = self.not_ender is not None
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender = self.not_ender.tryParse
+        
+        # must be at least one (but first see if we are the stopOn sentinel;
+        # if so, fail)
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+        loc, tokens = self_expr_parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        try:
+            hasIgnoreExprs = (not not self.ignoreExprs)
+            while 1:
+                if check_ender:
+                    try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+                if hasIgnoreExprs:
+                    preloc = self_skip_ignorables( instring, loc )
+                else:
+                    preloc = loc
+                loc, tmptokens = self_expr_parse( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                if tmptokens or tmptokens.haskeys():
+                    tokens += tmptokens
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            pass
+
+        return loc, tokens
+        
+class OneOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Repetition of one or more of the given expression.
+    
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match one or more times
+     - stopOn - (default=C{None}) - expression for a terminating sentinel
+          (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition 
+          expression)          
+
+    Example::
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word).setParseAction(' '.join))
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: BLACK"
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).pprint()  # Fail! read 'color' as data instead of next label -> [['shape', 'SQUARE color']]
+
+        # use stopOn attribute for OneOrMore to avoid reading label string as part of the data
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).pprint() # Better -> [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'BLACK']]
+        
+        # could also be written as
+        (attr_expr * (1,)).parseString(text).pprint()
+    """
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + _ustr(self.expr) + "}..."
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class ZeroOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Optional repetition of zero or more of the given expression.
+    
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match zero or more times
+     - stopOn - (default=C{None}) - expression for a terminating sentinel
+          (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition 
+          expression)          
+
+    Example: similar to L{OneOrMore}
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, stopOn=None):
+        super(ZeroOrMore,self).__init__(expr, stopOn=stopOn)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        try:
+            return super(ZeroOrMore, self).parseImpl(instring, loc, doActions)
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            return loc, []
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "[" + _ustr(self.expr) + "]..."
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class _NullToken(object):
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ""
+
+_optionalNotMatched = _NullToken()
+class Optional(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Optional matching of the given expression.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match zero or more times
+     - default (optional) - value to be returned if the optional expression is not found.
+
+    Example::
+        # US postal code can be a 5-digit zip, plus optional 4-digit qualifier
+        zip = Combine(Word(nums, exact=5) + Optional('-' + Word(nums, exact=4)))
+        zip.runTests('''
+            # traditional ZIP code
+            12345
+            
+            # ZIP+4 form
+            12101-0001
+            
+            # invalid ZIP
+            98765-
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        # traditional ZIP code
+        12345
+        ['12345']
+
+        # ZIP+4 form
+        12101-0001
+        ['12101-0001']
+
+        # invalid ZIP
+        98765-
+             ^
+        FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 5), (line:1, col:6)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, default=_optionalNotMatched ):
+        super(Optional,self).__init__( expr, savelist=False )
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.defaultValue = default
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self.expr._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            if self.defaultValue is not _optionalNotMatched:
+                if self.expr.resultsName:
+                    tokens = ParseResults([ self.defaultValue ])
+                    tokens[self.expr.resultsName] = self.defaultValue
+                else:
+                    tokens = [ self.defaultValue ]
+            else:
+                tokens = []
+        return loc, tokens
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "[" + _ustr(self.expr) + "]"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class SkipTo(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Token for skipping over all undefined text until the matched expression is found.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - target expression marking the end of the data to be skipped
+     - include - (default=C{False}) if True, the target expression is also parsed 
+          (the skipped text and target expression are returned as a 2-element list).
+     - ignore - (default=C{None}) used to define grammars (typically quoted strings and 
+          comments) that might contain false matches to the target expression
+     - failOn - (default=C{None}) define expressions that are not allowed to be 
+          included in the skipped test; if found before the target expression is found, 
+          the SkipTo is not a match
+
+    Example::
+        report = '''
+            Outstanding Issues Report - 1 Jan 2000
+
+               # | Severity | Description                               |  Days Open
+            -----+----------+-------------------------------------------+-----------
+             101 | Critical | Intermittent system crash                 |          6
+              94 | Cosmetic | Spelling error on Login ('log|n')         |         14
+              79 | Minor    | System slow when running too many reports |         47
+            '''
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        SEP = Suppress('|')
+        # use SkipTo to simply match everything up until the next SEP
+        # - ignore quoted strings, so that a '|' character inside a quoted string does not match
+        # - parse action will call token.strip() for each matched token, i.e., the description body
+        string_data = SkipTo(SEP, ignore=quotedString)
+        string_data.setParseAction(tokenMap(str.strip))
+        ticket_expr = (integer("issue_num") + SEP 
+                      + string_data("sev") + SEP 
+                      + string_data("desc") + SEP 
+                      + integer("days_open"))
+        
+        for tkt in ticket_expr.searchString(report):
+            print tkt.dump()
+    prints::
+        ['101', 'Critical', 'Intermittent system crash', '6']
+        - days_open: 6
+        - desc: Intermittent system crash
+        - issue_num: 101
+        - sev: Critical
+        ['94', 'Cosmetic', "Spelling error on Login ('log|n')", '14']
+        - days_open: 14
+        - desc: Spelling error on Login ('log|n')
+        - issue_num: 94
+        - sev: Cosmetic
+        ['79', 'Minor', 'System slow when running too many reports', '47']
+        - days_open: 47
+        - desc: System slow when running too many reports
+        - issue_num: 79
+        - sev: Minor
+    """
+    def __init__( self, other, include=False, ignore=None, failOn=None ):
+        super( SkipTo, self ).__init__( other )
+        self.ignoreExpr = ignore
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.includeMatch = include
+        self.asList = False
+        if isinstance(failOn, basestring):
+            self.failOn = ParserElement._literalStringClass(failOn)
+        else:
+            self.failOn = failOn
+        self.errmsg = "No match found for "+_ustr(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        startloc = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        expr = self.expr
+        expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_failOn_canParseNext = self.failOn.canParseNext if self.failOn is not None else None
+        self_ignoreExpr_tryParse = self.ignoreExpr.tryParse if self.ignoreExpr is not None else None
+        
+        tmploc = loc
+        while tmploc <= instrlen:
+            if self_failOn_canParseNext is not None:
+                # break if failOn expression matches
+                if self_failOn_canParseNext(instring, tmploc):
+                    break
+                    
+            if self_ignoreExpr_tryParse is not None:
+                # advance past ignore expressions
+                while 1:
+                    try:
+                        tmploc = self_ignoreExpr_tryParse(instring, tmploc)
+                    except ParseBaseException:
+                        break
+            
+            try:
+                expr_parse(instring, tmploc, doActions=False, callPreParse=False)
+            except (ParseException, IndexError):
+                # no match, advance loc in string
+                tmploc += 1
+            else:
+                # matched skipto expr, done
+                break
+
+        else:
+            # ran off the end of the input string without matching skipto expr, fail
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        # build up return values
+        loc = tmploc
+        skiptext = instring[startloc:loc]
+        skipresult = ParseResults(skiptext)
+        
+        if self.includeMatch:
+            loc, mat = expr_parse(instring,loc,doActions,callPreParse=False)
+            skipresult += mat
+
+        return loc, skipresult
+
+class Forward(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Forward declaration of an expression to be defined later -
+    used for recursive grammars, such as algebraic infix notation.
+    When the expression is known, it is assigned to the C{Forward} variable using the '<<' operator.
+
+    Note: take care when assigning to C{Forward} not to overlook precedence of operators.
+    Specifically, '|' has a lower precedence than '<<', so that::
+        fwdExpr << a | b | c
+    will actually be evaluated as::
+        (fwdExpr << a) | b | c
+    thereby leaving b and c out as parseable alternatives.  It is recommended that you
+    explicitly group the values inserted into the C{Forward}::
+        fwdExpr << (a | b | c)
+    Converting to use the '<<=' operator instead will avoid this problem.
+
+    See L{ParseResults.pprint} for an example of a recursive parser created using
+    C{Forward}.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, other=None ):
+        super(Forward,self).__init__( other, savelist=False )
+
+    def __lshift__( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass(other)
+        self.expr = other
+        self.strRepr = None
+        self.mayIndexError = self.expr.mayIndexError
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = self.expr.mayReturnEmpty
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( self.expr.whiteChars )
+        self.skipWhitespace = self.expr.skipWhitespace
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.ignoreExprs.extend(self.expr.ignoreExprs)
+        return self
+        
+    def __ilshift__(self, other):
+        return self << other
+    
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamlined = True
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        if self not in validateTrace:
+            tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion([])
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + ": ..."
+
+        # stubbed out for now - creates awful memory and perf issues
+        self._revertClass = self.__class__
+        self.__class__ = _ForwardNoRecurse
+        try:
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                retString = _ustr(self.expr)
+            else:
+                retString = "None"
+        finally:
+            self.__class__ = self._revertClass
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + ": " + retString
+
+    def copy(self):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return super(Forward,self).copy()
+        else:
+            ret = Forward()
+            ret <<= self
+            return ret
+
+class _ForwardNoRecurse(Forward):
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "..."
+
+class TokenConverter(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of C{ParseExpression}, for converting parsed results.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, savelist=False ):
+        super(TokenConverter,self).__init__( expr )#, savelist )
+        self.saveAsList = False
+
+class Combine(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to concatenate all matching tokens to a single string.
+    By default, the matching patterns must also be contiguous in the input string;
+    this can be disabled by specifying C{'adjacent=False'} in the constructor.
+
+    Example::
+        real = Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)
+        print(real.parseString('3.1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+        # will also erroneously match the following
+        print(real.parseString('3. 1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+
+        real = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(real.parseString('3.1416')) # -> ['3.1416']
+        # no match when there are internal spaces
+        print(real.parseString('3. 1416')) # -> Exception: Expected W:(0123...)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, joinString="", adjacent=True ):
+        super(Combine,self).__init__( expr )
+        # suppress whitespace-stripping in contained parse expressions, but re-enable it on the Combine itself
+        if adjacent:
+            self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.adjacent = adjacent
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.joinString = joinString
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if self.adjacent:
+            ParserElement.ignore(self, other)
+        else:
+            super( Combine, self).ignore( other )
+        return self
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        retToks = tokenlist.copy()
+        del retToks[:]
+        retToks += ParseResults([ "".join(tokenlist._asStringList(self.joinString)) ], modal=self.modalResults)
+
+        if self.resultsName and retToks.haskeys():
+            return [ retToks ]
+        else:
+            return retToks
+
+class Group(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to return the matched tokens as a list - useful for returning tokens of C{L{ZeroOrMore}} and C{L{OneOrMore}} expressions.
+
+    Example::
+        ident = Word(alphas)
+        num = Word(nums)
+        term = ident | num
+        func = ident + Optional(delimitedList(term))
+        print(func.parseString("fn a,b,100"))  # -> ['fn', 'a', 'b', '100']
+
+        func = ident + Group(Optional(delimitedList(term)))
+        print(func.parseString("fn a,b,100"))  # -> ['fn', ['a', 'b', '100']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(Group,self).__init__( expr )
+        self.saveAsList = True
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return [ tokenlist ]
+
+class Dict(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to return a repetitive expression as a list, but also as a dictionary.
+    Each element can also be referenced using the first token in the expression as its key.
+    Useful for tabular report scraping when the first column can be used as a item key.
+
+    Example::
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word).setParseAction(' '.join))
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        
+        # print attributes as plain groups
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).dump())
+        
+        # instead of OneOrMore(expr), parse using Dict(OneOrMore(Group(expr))) - Dict will auto-assign names
+        result = Dict(OneOrMore(Group(attr_expr))).parseString(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+        
+        # access named fields as dict entries, or output as dict
+        print(result['shape'])        
+        print(result.asDict())
+    prints::
+        ['shape', 'SQUARE', 'posn', 'upper left', 'color', 'light blue', 'texture', 'burlap']
+
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap', 'shape': 'SQUARE'}
+    See more examples at L{ParseResults} of accessing fields by results name.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(Dict,self).__init__( expr )
+        self.saveAsList = True
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        for i,tok in enumerate(tokenlist):
+            if len(tok) == 0:
+                continue
+            ikey = tok[0]
+            if isinstance(ikey,int):
+                ikey = _ustr(tok[0]).strip()
+            if len(tok)==1:
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset("",i)
+            elif len(tok)==2 and not isinstance(tok[1],ParseResults):
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(tok[1],i)
+            else:
+                dictvalue = tok.copy() #ParseResults(i)
+                del dictvalue[0]
+                if len(dictvalue)!= 1 or (isinstance(dictvalue,ParseResults) and dictvalue.haskeys()):
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue,i)
+                else:
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue[0],i)
+
+        if self.resultsName:
+            return [ tokenlist ]
+        else:
+            return tokenlist
+
+
+class Suppress(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter for ignoring the results of a parsed expression.
+
+    Example::
+        source = "a, b, c,d"
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        wd_list1 = wd + ZeroOrMore(',' + wd)
+        print(wd_list1.parseString(source))
+
+        # often, delimiters that are useful during parsing are just in the
+        # way afterward - use Suppress to keep them out of the parsed output
+        wd_list2 = wd + ZeroOrMore(Suppress(',') + wd)
+        print(wd_list2.parseString(source))
+    prints::
+        ['a', ',', 'b', ',', 'c', ',', 'd']
+        ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+    (See also L{delimitedList}.)
+    """
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return []
+
+    def suppress( self ):
+        return self
+
+
+class OnlyOnce(object):
+    """
+    Wrapper for parse actions, to ensure they are only called once.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, methodCall):
+        self.callable = _trim_arity(methodCall)
+        self.called = False
+    def __call__(self,s,l,t):
+        if not self.called:
+            results = self.callable(s,l,t)
+            self.called = True
+            return results
+        raise ParseException(s,l,"")
+    def reset(self):
+        self.called = False
+
+def traceParseAction(f):
+    """
+    Decorator for debugging parse actions. 
+    
+    When the parse action is called, this decorator will print C{">> entering I{method-name}(line:I{current_source_line}, I{parse_location}, I{matched_tokens})".}
+    When the parse action completes, the decorator will print C{"<<"} followed by the returned value, or any exception that the parse action raised.
+
+    Example::
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+
+        @traceParseAction
+        def remove_duplicate_chars(tokens):
+            return ''.join(sorted(set(''.join(tokens))))
+
+        wds = OneOrMore(wd).setParseAction(remove_duplicate_chars)
+        print(wds.parseString("slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf"))
+    prints::
+        >>entering remove_duplicate_chars(line: 'slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf', 0, (['slkdjs', 'sld', 'sldd', 'sdlf', 'sdljf'], {}))
+        <<leaving remove_duplicate_chars (ret: 'dfjkls')
+        ['dfjkls']
+    """
+    f = _trim_arity(f)
+    def z(*paArgs):
+        thisFunc = f.__name__
+        s,l,t = paArgs[-3:]
+        if len(paArgs)>3:
+            thisFunc = paArgs[0].__class__.__name__ + '.' + thisFunc
+        sys.stderr.write( ">>entering %s(line: '%s', %d, %r)\n" % (thisFunc,line(l,s),l,t) )
+        try:
+            ret = f(*paArgs)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            sys.stderr.write( "<<leaving %s (exception: %s)\n" % (thisFunc,exc) )
+            raise
+        sys.stderr.write( "<<leaving %s (ret: %r)\n" % (thisFunc,ret) )
+        return ret
+    try:
+        z.__name__ = f.__name__
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+    return z
+
+#
+# global helpers
+#
+def delimitedList( expr, delim=",", combine=False ):
+    """
+    Helper to define a delimited list of expressions - the delimiter defaults to ','.
+    By default, the list elements and delimiters can have intervening whitespace, and
+    comments, but this can be overridden by passing C{combine=True} in the constructor.
+    If C{combine} is set to C{True}, the matching tokens are returned as a single token
+    string, with the delimiters included; otherwise, the matching tokens are returned
+    as a list of tokens, with the delimiters suppressed.
+
+    Example::
+        delimitedList(Word(alphas)).parseString("aa,bb,cc") # -> ['aa', 'bb', 'cc']
+        delimitedList(Word(hexnums), delim=':', combine=True).parseString("AA:BB:CC:DD:EE") # -> ['AA:BB:CC:DD:EE']
+    """
+    dlName = _ustr(expr)+" ["+_ustr(delim)+" "+_ustr(expr)+"]..."
+    if combine:
+        return Combine( expr + ZeroOrMore( delim + expr ) ).setName(dlName)
+    else:
+        return ( expr + ZeroOrMore( Suppress( delim ) + expr ) ).setName(dlName)
+
+def countedArray( expr, intExpr=None ):
+    """
+    Helper to define a counted list of expressions.
+    This helper defines a pattern of the form::
+        integer expr expr expr...
+    where the leading integer tells how many expr expressions follow.
+    The matched tokens returns the array of expr tokens as a list - the leading count token is suppressed.
+    
+    If C{intExpr} is specified, it should be a pyparsing expression that produces an integer value.
+
+    Example::
+        countedArray(Word(alphas)).parseString('2 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+
+        # in this parser, the leading integer value is given in binary,
+        # '10' indicating that 2 values are in the array
+        binaryConstant = Word('01').setParseAction(lambda t: int(t[0], 2))
+        countedArray(Word(alphas), intExpr=binaryConstant).parseString('10 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+    """
+    arrayExpr = Forward()
+    def countFieldParseAction(s,l,t):
+        n = t[0]
+        arrayExpr << (n and Group(And([expr]*n)) or Group(empty))
+        return []
+    if intExpr is None:
+        intExpr = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda t:int(t[0]))
+    else:
+        intExpr = intExpr.copy()
+    intExpr.setName("arrayLen")
+    intExpr.addParseAction(countFieldParseAction, callDuringTry=True)
+    return ( intExpr + arrayExpr ).setName('(len) ' + _ustr(expr) + '...')
+
+def _flatten(L):
+    ret = []
+    for i in L:
+        if isinstance(i,list):
+            ret.extend(_flatten(i))
+        else:
+            ret.append(i)
+    return ret
+
+def matchPreviousLiteral(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks
+    for a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = matchPreviousLiteral(first)
+        matchExpr = first + ":" + second
+    will match C{"1:1"}, but not C{"1:2"}.  Because this matches a
+    previous literal, will also match the leading C{"1:1"} in C{"1:10"}.
+    If this is not desired, use C{matchPreviousExpr}.
+    Do I{not} use with packrat parsing enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+    def copyTokenToRepeater(s,l,t):
+        if t:
+            if len(t) == 1:
+                rep << t[0]
+            else:
+                # flatten t tokens
+                tflat = _flatten(t.asList())
+                rep << And(Literal(tt) for tt in tflat)
+        else:
+            rep << Empty()
+    expr.addParseAction(copyTokenToRepeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.setName('(prev) ' + _ustr(expr))
+    return rep
+
+def matchPreviousExpr(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks
+    for a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = matchPreviousExpr(first)
+        matchExpr = first + ":" + second
+    will match C{"1:1"}, but not C{"1:2"}.  Because this matches by
+    expressions, will I{not} match the leading C{"1:1"} in C{"1:10"};
+    the expressions are evaluated first, and then compared, so
+    C{"1"} is compared with C{"10"}.
+    Do I{not} use with packrat parsing enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+    e2 = expr.copy()
+    rep <<= e2
+    def copyTokenToRepeater(s,l,t):
+        matchTokens = _flatten(t.asList())
+        def mustMatchTheseTokens(s,l,t):
+            theseTokens = _flatten(t.asList())
+            if  theseTokens != matchTokens:
+                raise ParseException("",0,"")
+        rep.setParseAction( mustMatchTheseTokens, callDuringTry=True )
+    expr.addParseAction(copyTokenToRepeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.setName('(prev) ' + _ustr(expr))
+    return rep
+
+def _escapeRegexRangeChars(s):
+    #~  escape these chars: ^-]
+    for c in r"\^-]":
+        s = s.replace(c,_bslash+c)
+    s = s.replace("\n",r"\n")
+    s = s.replace("\t",r"\t")
+    return _ustr(s)
+
+def oneOf( strs, caseless=False, useRegex=True ):
+    """
+    Helper to quickly define a set of alternative Literals, and makes sure to do
+    longest-first testing when there is a conflict, regardless of the input order,
+    but returns a C{L{MatchFirst}} for best performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - strs - a string of space-delimited literals, or a collection of string literals
+     - caseless - (default=C{False}) - treat all literals as caseless
+     - useRegex - (default=C{True}) - as an optimization, will generate a Regex
+          object; otherwise, will generate a C{MatchFirst} object (if C{caseless=True}, or
+          if creating a C{Regex} raises an exception)
+
+    Example::
+        comp_oper = oneOf("< = > <= >= !=")
+        var = Word(alphas)
+        number = Word(nums)
+        term = var | number
+        comparison_expr = term + comp_oper + term
+        print(comparison_expr.searchString("B = 12  AA=23 B<=AA AA>12"))
+    prints::
+        [['B', '=', '12'], ['AA', '=', '23'], ['B', '<=', 'AA'], ['AA', '>', '12']]
+    """
+    if caseless:
+        isequal = ( lambda a,b: a.upper() == b.upper() )
+        masks = ( lambda a,b: b.upper().startswith(a.upper()) )
+        parseElementClass = CaselessLiteral
+    else:
+        isequal = ( lambda a,b: a == b )
+        masks = ( lambda a,b: b.startswith(a) )
+        parseElementClass = Literal
+
+    symbols = []
+    if isinstance(strs,basestring):
+        symbols = strs.split()
+    elif isinstance(strs, Iterable):
+        symbols = list(strs)
+    else:
+        warnings.warn("Invalid argument to oneOf, expected string or iterable",
+                SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+    if not symbols:
+        return NoMatch()
+
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(symbols)-1:
+        cur = symbols[i]
+        for j,other in enumerate(symbols[i+1:]):
+            if ( isequal(other, cur) ):
+                del symbols[i+j+1]
+                break
+            elif ( masks(cur, other) ):
+                del symbols[i+j+1]
+                symbols.insert(i,other)
+                cur = other
+                break
+        else:
+            i += 1
+
+    if not caseless and useRegex:
+        #~ print (strs,"->", "|".join( [ _escapeRegexChars(sym) for sym in symbols] ))
+        try:
+            if len(symbols)==len("".join(symbols)):
+                return Regex( "[%s]" % "".join(_escapeRegexRangeChars(sym) for sym in symbols) ).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+            else:
+                return Regex( "|".join(re.escape(sym) for sym in symbols) ).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+        except Exception:
+            warnings.warn("Exception creating Regex for oneOf, building MatchFirst",
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+
+    # last resort, just use MatchFirst
+    return MatchFirst(parseElementClass(sym) for sym in symbols).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+
+def dictOf( key, value ):
+    """
+    Helper to easily and clearly define a dictionary by specifying the respective patterns
+    for the key and value.  Takes care of defining the C{L{Dict}}, C{L{ZeroOrMore}}, and C{L{Group}} tokens
+    in the proper order.  The key pattern can include delimiting markers or punctuation,
+    as long as they are suppressed, thereby leaving the significant key text.  The value
+    pattern can include named results, so that the C{Dict} results can include named token
+    fields.
+
+    Example::
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).dump())
+        
+        attr_label = label
+        attr_value = Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join)
+
+        # similar to Dict, but simpler call format
+        result = dictOf(attr_label, attr_value).parseString(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+        print(result['shape'])
+        print(result.shape)  # object attribute access works too
+        print(result.asDict())
+    prints::
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'shape': 'SQUARE', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap'}
+    """
+    return Dict( ZeroOrMore( Group ( key + value ) ) )
+
+def originalTextFor(expr, asString=True):
+    """
+    Helper to return the original, untokenized text for a given expression.  Useful to
+    restore the parsed fields of an HTML start tag into the raw tag text itself, or to
+    revert separate tokens with intervening whitespace back to the original matching
+    input text. By default, returns astring containing the original parsed text.  
+       
+    If the optional C{asString} argument is passed as C{False}, then the return value is a 
+    C{L{ParseResults}} containing any results names that were originally matched, and a 
+    single token containing the original matched text from the input string.  So if 
+    the expression passed to C{L{originalTextFor}} contains expressions with defined
+    results names, you must set C{asString} to C{False} if you want to preserve those
+    results name values.
+
+    Example::
+        src = "this is test <b> bold <i>text</i> </b> normal text "
+        for tag in ("b","i"):
+            opener,closer = makeHTMLTags(tag)
+            patt = originalTextFor(opener + SkipTo(closer) + closer)
+            print(patt.searchString(src)[0])
+    prints::
+        ['<b> bold <i>text</i> </b>']
+        ['<i>text</i>']
+    """
+    locMarker = Empty().setParseAction(lambda s,loc,t: loc)
+    endlocMarker = locMarker.copy()
+    endlocMarker.callPreparse = False
+    matchExpr = locMarker("_original_start") + expr + endlocMarker("_original_end")
+    if asString:
+        extractText = lambda s,l,t: s[t._original_start:t._original_end]
+    else:
+        def extractText(s,l,t):
+            t[:] = [s[t.pop('_original_start'):t.pop('_original_end')]]
+    matchExpr.setParseAction(extractText)
+    matchExpr.ignoreExprs = expr.ignoreExprs
+    return matchExpr
+
+def ungroup(expr): 
+    """
+    Helper to undo pyparsing's default grouping of And expressions, even
+    if all but one are non-empty.
+    """
+    return TokenConverter(expr).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0])
+
+def locatedExpr(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to decorate a returned token with its starting and ending locations in the input string.
+    This helper adds the following results names:
+     - locn_start = location where matched expression begins
+     - locn_end = location where matched expression ends
+     - value = the actual parsed results
+
+    Be careful if the input text contains C{<TAB>} characters, you may want to call
+    C{L{ParserElement.parseWithTabs}}
+
+    Example::
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        for match in locatedExpr(wd).searchString("ljsdf123lksdjjf123lkkjj1222"):
+            print(match)
+    prints::
+        [[0, 'ljsdf', 5]]
+        [[8, 'lksdjjf', 15]]
+        [[18, 'lkkjj', 23]]
+    """
+    locator = Empty().setParseAction(lambda s,l,t: l)
+    return Group(locator("locn_start") + expr("value") + locator.copy().leaveWhitespace()("locn_end"))
+
+
+# convenience constants for positional expressions
+empty       = Empty().setName("empty")
+lineStart   = LineStart().setName("lineStart")
+lineEnd     = LineEnd().setName("lineEnd")
+stringStart = StringStart().setName("stringStart")
+stringEnd   = StringEnd().setName("stringEnd")
+
+_escapedPunc = Word( _bslash, r"\[]-*.$+^?()~ ", exact=2 ).setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0][1])
+_escapedHexChar = Regex(r"\\0?[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:unichr(int(t[0].lstrip(r'\0x'),16)))
+_escapedOctChar = Regex(r"\\0[0-7]+").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:unichr(int(t[0][1:],8)))
+_singleChar = _escapedPunc | _escapedHexChar | _escapedOctChar | CharsNotIn(r'\]', exact=1)
+_charRange = Group(_singleChar + Suppress("-") + _singleChar)
+_reBracketExpr = Literal("[") + Optional("^").setResultsName("negate") + Group( OneOrMore( _charRange | _singleChar ) ).setResultsName("body") + "]"
+
+def srange(s):
+    r"""
+    Helper to easily define string ranges for use in Word construction.  Borrows
+    syntax from regexp '[]' string range definitions::
+        srange("[0-9]")   -> "0123456789"
+        srange("[a-z]")   -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+        srange("[a-z$_]") -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz$_"
+    The input string must be enclosed in []'s, and the returned string is the expanded
+    character set joined into a single string.
+    The values enclosed in the []'s may be:
+     - a single character
+     - an escaped character with a leading backslash (such as C{\-} or C{\]})
+     - an escaped hex character with a leading C{'\x'} (C{\x21}, which is a C{'!'} character) 
+         (C{\0x##} is also supported for backwards compatibility) 
+     - an escaped octal character with a leading C{'\0'} (C{\041}, which is a C{'!'} character)
+     - a range of any of the above, separated by a dash (C{'a-z'}, etc.)
+     - any combination of the above (C{'aeiouy'}, C{'a-zA-Z0-9_$'}, etc.)
+    """
+    _expanded = lambda p: p if not isinstance(p,ParseResults) else ''.join(unichr(c) for c in range(ord(p[0]),ord(p[1])+1))
+    try:
+        return "".join(_expanded(part) for part in _reBracketExpr.parseString(s).body)
+    except Exception:
+        return ""
+
+def matchOnlyAtCol(n):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining parse actions that require matching at a specific
+    column in the input text.
+    """
+    def verifyCol(strg,locn,toks):
+        if col(locn,strg) != n:
+            raise ParseException(strg,locn,"matched token not at column %d" % n)
+    return verifyCol
+
+def replaceWith(replStr):
+    """
+    Helper method for common parse actions that simply return a literal value.  Especially
+    useful when used with C{L{transformString<ParserElement.transformString>}()}.
+
+    Example::
+        num = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+        na = oneOf("N/A NA").setParseAction(replaceWith(math.nan))
+        term = na | num
+        
+        OneOrMore(term).parseString("324 234 N/A 234") # -> [324, 234, nan, 234]
+    """
+    return lambda s,l,t: [replStr]
+
+def removeQuotes(s,l,t):
+    """
+    Helper parse action for removing quotation marks from parsed quoted strings.
+
+    Example::
+        # by default, quotation marks are included in parsed results
+        quotedString.parseString("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'"]
+
+        # use removeQuotes to strip quotation marks from parsed results
+        quotedString.setParseAction(removeQuotes)
+        quotedString.parseString("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["Now is the Winter of our Discontent"]
+    """
+    return t[0][1:-1]
+
+def tokenMap(func, *args):
+    """
+    Helper to define a parse action by mapping a function to all elements of a ParseResults list.If any additional 
+    args are passed, they are forwarded to the given function as additional arguments after
+    the token, as in C{hex_integer = Word(hexnums).setParseAction(tokenMap(int, 16))}, which will convert the
+    parsed data to an integer using base 16.
+
+    Example (compare the last to example in L{ParserElement.transformString}::
+        hex_ints = OneOrMore(Word(hexnums)).setParseAction(tokenMap(int, 16))
+        hex_ints.runTests('''
+            00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+            ''')
+        
+        upperword = Word(alphas).setParseAction(tokenMap(str.upper))
+        OneOrMore(upperword).runTests('''
+            my kingdom for a horse
+            ''')
+
+        wd = Word(alphas).setParseAction(tokenMap(str.title))
+        OneOrMore(wd).setParseAction(' '.join).runTests('''
+            now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+        [0, 17, 34, 170, 255, 10, 13, 26]
+
+        my kingdom for a horse
+        ['MY', 'KINGDOM', 'FOR', 'A', 'HORSE']
+
+        now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+        ['Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York']
+    """
+    def pa(s,l,t):
+        return [func(tokn, *args) for tokn in t]
+
+    try:
+        func_name = getattr(func, '__name__', 
+                            getattr(func, '__class__').__name__)
+    except Exception:
+        func_name = str(func)
+    pa.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return pa
+
+upcaseTokens = tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).upper())
+"""(Deprecated) Helper parse action to convert tokens to upper case. Deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.upcaseTokens}"""
+
+downcaseTokens = tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).lower())
+"""(Deprecated) Helper parse action to convert tokens to lower case. Deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.downcaseTokens}"""
+    
+def _makeTags(tagStr, xml):
+    """Internal helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions, given a tag name"""
+    if isinstance(tagStr,basestring):
+        resname = tagStr
+        tagStr = Keyword(tagStr, caseless=not xml)
+    else:
+        resname = tagStr.name
+
+    tagAttrName = Word(alphas,alphanums+"_-:")
+    if (xml):
+        tagAttrValue = dblQuotedString.copy().setParseAction( removeQuotes )
+        openTag = Suppress("<") + tagStr("tag") + \
+                Dict(ZeroOrMore(Group( tagAttrName + Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue ))) + \
+                Optional("/",default=[False]).setResultsName("empty").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0]=='/') + Suppress(">")
+    else:
+        printablesLessRAbrack = "".join(c for c in printables if c not in ">")
+        tagAttrValue = quotedString.copy().setParseAction( removeQuotes ) | Word(printablesLessRAbrack)
+        openTag = Suppress("<") + tagStr("tag") + \
+                Dict(ZeroOrMore(Group( tagAttrName.setParseAction(downcaseTokens) + \
+                Optional( Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue ) ))) + \
+                Optional("/",default=[False]).setResultsName("empty").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0]=='/') + Suppress(">")
+    closeTag = Combine(_L("</") + tagStr + ">")
+
+    openTag = openTag.setResultsName("start"+"".join(resname.replace(":"," ").title().split())).setName("<%s>" % resname)
+    closeTag = closeTag.setResultsName("end"+"".join(resname.replace(":"," ").title().split())).setName("</%s>" % resname)
+    openTag.tag = resname
+    closeTag.tag = resname
+    return openTag, closeTag
+
+def makeHTMLTags(tagStr):
+    """
+    Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for HTML, given a tag name. Matches
+    tags in either upper or lower case, attributes with namespaces and with quoted or unquoted values.
+
+    Example::
+        text = '<td>More info at the <a href="http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+        # makeHTMLTags returns pyparsing expressions for the opening and closing tags as a 2-tuple
+        a,a_end = makeHTMLTags("A")
+        link_expr = a + SkipTo(a_end)("link_text") + a_end
+        
+        for link in link_expr.searchString(text):
+            # attributes in the <A> tag (like "href" shown here) are also accessible as named results
+            print(link.link_text, '->', link.href)
+    prints::
+        pyparsing -> http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com
+    """
+    return _makeTags( tagStr, False )
+
+def makeXMLTags(tagStr):
+    """
+    Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for XML, given a tag name. Matches
+    tags only in the given upper/lower case.
+
+    Example: similar to L{makeHTMLTags}
+    """
+    return _makeTags( tagStr, True )
+
+def withAttribute(*args,**attrDict):
+    """
+    Helper to create a validating parse action to be used with start tags created
+    with C{L{makeXMLTags}} or C{L{makeHTMLTags}}. Use C{withAttribute} to qualify a starting tag
+    with a required attribute value, to avoid false matches on common tags such as
+    C{<TD>} or C{<DIV>}.
+
+    Call C{withAttribute} with a series of attribute names and values. Specify the list
+    of filter attributes names and values as:
+     - keyword arguments, as in C{(align="right")}, or
+     - as an explicit dict with C{**} operator, when an attribute name is also a Python
+          reserved word, as in C{**{"class":"Customer", "align":"right"}}
+     - a list of name-value tuples, as in ( ("ns1:class", "Customer"), ("ns2:align","right") )
+    For attribute names with a namespace prefix, you must use the second form.  Attribute
+    names are matched insensitive to upper/lower case.
+       
+    If just testing for C{class} (with or without a namespace), use C{L{withClass}}.
+
+    To verify that the attribute exists, but without specifying a value, pass
+    C{withAttribute.ANY_VALUE} as the value.
+
+    Example::
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div type="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div type="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this has no type</div>
+            </div>
+                
+        '''
+        div,div_end = makeHTMLTags("div")
+
+        # only match div tag having a type attribute with value "grid"
+        div_grid = div().setParseAction(withAttribute(type="grid"))
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+        
+        # construct a match with any div tag having a type attribute, regardless of the value
+        div_any_type = div().setParseAction(withAttribute(type=withAttribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+    prints::
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    if args:
+        attrs = args[:]
+    else:
+        attrs = attrDict.items()
+    attrs = [(k,v) for k,v in attrs]
+    def pa(s,l,tokens):
+        for attrName,attrValue in attrs:
+            if attrName not in tokens:
+                raise ParseException(s,l,"no matching attribute " + attrName)
+            if attrValue != withAttribute.ANY_VALUE and tokens[attrName] != attrValue:
+                raise ParseException(s,l,"attribute '%s' has value '%s', must be '%s'" %
+                                            (attrName, tokens[attrName], attrValue))
+    return pa
+withAttribute.ANY_VALUE = object()
+
+def withClass(classname, namespace=''):
+    """
+    Simplified version of C{L{withAttribute}} when matching on a div class - made
+    difficult because C{class} is a reserved word in Python.
+
+    Example::
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div class="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div class="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this &lt;div&gt; has no class</div>
+            </div>
+                
+        '''
+        div,div_end = makeHTMLTags("div")
+        div_grid = div().setParseAction(withClass("grid"))
+        
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+        
+        div_any_type = div().setParseAction(withClass(withAttribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+    prints::
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    classattr = "%s:class" % namespace if namespace else "class"
+    return withAttribute(**{classattr : classname})        
+
+opAssoc = _Constants()
+opAssoc.LEFT = object()
+opAssoc.RIGHT = object()
+
+def infixNotation( baseExpr, opList, lpar=Suppress('('), rpar=Suppress(')') ):
+    """
+    Helper method for constructing grammars of expressions made up of
+    operators working in a precedence hierarchy.  Operators may be unary or
+    binary, left- or right-associative.  Parse actions can also be attached
+    to operator expressions. The generated parser will also recognize the use 
+    of parentheses to override operator precedences (see example below).
+    
+    Note: if you define a deep operator list, you may see performance issues
+    when using infixNotation. See L{ParserElement.enablePackrat} for a
+    mechanism to potentially improve your parser performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - baseExpr - expression representing the most basic element for the nested
+     - opList - list of tuples, one for each operator precedence level in the
+      expression grammar; each tuple is of the form
+      (opExpr, numTerms, rightLeftAssoc, parseAction), where:
+       - opExpr is the pyparsing expression for the operator;
+          may also be a string, which will be converted to a Literal;
+          if numTerms is 3, opExpr is a tuple of two expressions, for the
+          two operators separating the 3 terms
+       - numTerms is the number of terms for this operator (must
+          be 1, 2, or 3)
+       - rightLeftAssoc is the indicator whether the operator is
+          right or left associative, using the pyparsing-defined
+          constants C{opAssoc.RIGHT} and C{opAssoc.LEFT}.
+       - parseAction is the parse action to be associated with
+          expressions matching this operator expression (the
+          parse action tuple member may be omitted); if the parse action
+          is passed a tuple or list of functions, this is equivalent to
+          calling C{setParseAction(*fn)} (L{ParserElement.setParseAction})
+     - lpar - expression for matching left-parentheses (default=C{Suppress('(')})
+     - rpar - expression for matching right-parentheses (default=C{Suppress(')')})
+
+    Example::
+        # simple example of four-function arithmetic with ints and variable names
+        integer = pyparsing_common.signed_integer
+        varname = pyparsing_common.identifier 
+        
+        arith_expr = infixNotation(integer | varname,
+            [
+            ('-', 1, opAssoc.RIGHT),
+            (oneOf('* /'), 2, opAssoc.LEFT),
+            (oneOf('+ -'), 2, opAssoc.LEFT),
+            ])
+        
+        arith_expr.runTests('''
+            5+3*6
+            (5+3)*6
+            -2--11
+            ''', fullDump=False)
+    prints::
+        5+3*6
+        [[5, '+', [3, '*', 6]]]
+
+        (5+3)*6
+        [[[5, '+', 3], '*', 6]]
+
+        -2--11
+        [[['-', 2], '-', ['-', 11]]]
+    """
+    ret = Forward()
+    lastExpr = baseExpr | ( lpar + ret + rpar )
+    for i,operDef in enumerate(opList):
+        opExpr,arity,rightLeftAssoc,pa = (operDef + (None,))[:4]
+        termName = "%s term" % opExpr if arity < 3 else "%s%s term" % opExpr
+        if arity == 3:
+            if opExpr is None or len(opExpr) != 2:
+                raise ValueError("if numterms=3, opExpr must be a tuple or list of two expressions")
+            opExpr1, opExpr2 = opExpr
+        thisExpr = Forward().setName(termName)
+        if rightLeftAssoc == opAssoc.LEFT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr ) )
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr + lastExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr + lastExpr ) )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr+lastExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore(lastExpr) )
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr) + \
+                            Group( lastExpr + opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("operator must be unary (1), binary (2), or ternary (3)")
+        elif rightLeftAssoc == opAssoc.RIGHT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                # try to avoid LR with this extra test
+                if not isinstance(opExpr, Optional):
+                    opExpr = Optional(opExpr)
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(opExpr.expr + thisExpr) + Group( opExpr + thisExpr )
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr + thisExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr + thisExpr ) )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + thisExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( thisExpr ) )
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr) + \
+                            Group( lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("operator must be unary (1), binary (2), or ternary (3)")
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("operator must indicate right or left associativity")
+        if pa:
+            if isinstance(pa, (tuple, list)):
+                matchExpr.setParseAction(*pa)
+            else:
+                matchExpr.setParseAction(pa)
+        thisExpr <<= ( matchExpr.setName(termName) | lastExpr )
+        lastExpr = thisExpr
+    ret <<= lastExpr
+    return ret
+
+operatorPrecedence = infixNotation
+"""(Deprecated) Former name of C{L{infixNotation}}, will be dropped in a future release."""
+
+dblQuotedString = Combine(Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*')+'"').setName("string enclosed in double quotes")
+sglQuotedString = Combine(Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*")+"'").setName("string enclosed in single quotes")
+quotedString = Combine(Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*')+'"'|
+                       Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*")+"'").setName("quotedString using single or double quotes")
+unicodeString = Combine(_L('u') + quotedString.copy()).setName("unicode string literal")
+
+def nestedExpr(opener="(", closer=")", content=None, ignoreExpr=quotedString.copy()):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining nested lists enclosed in opening and closing
+    delimiters ("(" and ")" are the default).
+
+    Parameters:
+     - opener - opening character for a nested list (default=C{"("}); can also be a pyparsing expression
+     - closer - closing character for a nested list (default=C{")"}); can also be a pyparsing expression
+     - content - expression for items within the nested lists (default=C{None})
+     - ignoreExpr - expression for ignoring opening and closing delimiters (default=C{quotedString})
+
+    If an expression is not provided for the content argument, the nested
+    expression will capture all whitespace-delimited content between delimiters
+    as a list of separate values.
+
+    Use the C{ignoreExpr} argument to define expressions that may contain
+    opening or closing characters that should not be treated as opening
+    or closing characters for nesting, such as quotedString or a comment
+    expression.  Specify multiple expressions using an C{L{Or}} or C{L{MatchFirst}}.
+    The default is L{quotedString}, but if no expressions are to be ignored,
+    then pass C{None} for this argument.
+
+    Example::
+        data_type = oneOf("void int short long char float double")
+        decl_data_type = Combine(data_type + Optional(Word('*')))
+        ident = Word(alphas+'_', alphanums+'_')
+        number = pyparsing_common.number
+        arg = Group(decl_data_type + ident)
+        LPAR,RPAR = map(Suppress, "()")
+
+        code_body = nestedExpr('{', '}', ignoreExpr=(quotedString | cStyleComment))
+
+        c_function = (decl_data_type("type") 
+                      + ident("name")
+                      + LPAR + Optional(delimitedList(arg), [])("args") + RPAR 
+                      + code_body("body"))
+        c_function.ignore(cStyleComment)
+        
+        source_code = '''
+            int is_odd(int x) { 
+                return (x%2); 
+            }
+                
+            int dec_to_hex(char hchar) { 
+                if (hchar >= '0' && hchar <= '9') { 
+                    return (ord(hchar)-ord('0')); 
+                } else { 
+                    return (10+ord(hchar)-ord('A'));
+                } 
+            }
+        '''
+        for func in c_function.searchString(source_code):
+            print("%(name)s (%(type)s) args: %(args)s" % func)
+
+    prints::
+        is_odd (int) args: [['int', 'x']]
+        dec_to_hex (int) args: [['char', 'hchar']]
+    """
+    if opener == closer:
+        raise ValueError("opening and closing strings cannot be the same")
+    if content is None:
+        if isinstance(opener,basestring) and isinstance(closer,basestring):
+            if len(opener) == 1 and len(closer)==1:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~ignoreExpr +
+                                    CharsNotIn(opener+closer+ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+                else:
+                    content = (empty.copy()+CharsNotIn(opener+closer+ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+            else:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~ignoreExpr + 
+                                    ~Literal(opener) + ~Literal(closer) +
+                                    CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+                else:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~Literal(opener) + ~Literal(closer) +
+                                    CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("opening and closing arguments must be strings if no content expression is given")
+    ret = Forward()
+    if ignoreExpr is not None:
+        ret <<= Group( Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore( ignoreExpr | ret | content ) + Suppress(closer) )
+    else:
+        ret <<= Group( Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore( ret | content )  + Suppress(closer) )
+    ret.setName('nested %s%s expression' % (opener,closer))
+    return ret
+
+def indentedBlock(blockStatementExpr, indentStack, indent=True):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining space-delimited indentation blocks, such as
+    those used to define block statements in Python source code.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - blockStatementExpr - expression defining syntax of statement that
+            is repeated within the indented block
+     - indentStack - list created by caller to manage indentation stack
+            (multiple statementWithIndentedBlock expressions within a single grammar
+            should share a common indentStack)
+     - indent - boolean indicating whether block must be indented beyond the
+            the current level; set to False for block of left-most statements
+            (default=C{True})
+
+    A valid block must contain at least one C{blockStatement}.
+
+    Example::
+        data = '''
+        def A(z):
+          A1
+          B = 100
+          G = A2
+          A2
+          A3
+        B
+        def BB(a,b,c):
+          BB1
+          def BBA():
+            bba1
+            bba2
+            bba3
+        C
+        D
+        def spam(x,y):
+             def eggs(z):
+                 pass
+        '''
+
+
+        indentStack = [1]
+        stmt = Forward()
+
+        identifier = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+        funcDecl = ("def" + identifier + Group( "(" + Optional( delimitedList(identifier) ) + ")" ) + ":")
+        func_body = indentedBlock(stmt, indentStack)
+        funcDef = Group( funcDecl + func_body )
+
+        rvalue = Forward()
+        funcCall = Group(identifier + "(" + Optional(delimitedList(rvalue)) + ")")
+        rvalue << (funcCall | identifier | Word(nums))
+        assignment = Group(identifier + "=" + rvalue)
+        stmt << ( funcDef | assignment | identifier )
+
+        module_body = OneOrMore(stmt)
+
+        parseTree = module_body.parseString(data)
+        parseTree.pprint()
+    prints::
+        [['def',
+          'A',
+          ['(', 'z', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['A1'], [['B', '=', '100']], [['G', '=', 'A2']], ['A2'], ['A3']]],
+         'B',
+         ['def',
+          'BB',
+          ['(', 'a', 'b', 'c', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['BB1'], [['def', 'BBA', ['(', ')'], ':', [['bba1'], ['bba2'], ['bba3']]]]]],
+         'C',
+         'D',
+         ['def',
+          'spam',
+          ['(', 'x', 'y', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [[['def', 'eggs', ['(', 'z', ')'], ':', [['pass']]]]]]] 
+    """
+    def checkPeerIndent(s,l,t):
+        if l >= len(s): return
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if curCol != indentStack[-1]:
+            if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+                raise ParseFatalException(s,l,"illegal nesting")
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not a peer entry")
+
+    def checkSubIndent(s,l,t):
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+            indentStack.append( curCol )
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not a subentry")
+
+    def checkUnindent(s,l,t):
+        if l >= len(s): return
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if not(indentStack and curCol < indentStack[-1] and curCol <= indentStack[-2]):
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not an unindent")
+        indentStack.pop()
+
+    NL = OneOrMore(LineEnd().setWhitespaceChars("\t ").suppress())
+    INDENT = (Empty() + Empty().setParseAction(checkSubIndent)).setName('INDENT')
+    PEER   = Empty().setParseAction(checkPeerIndent).setName('')
+    UNDENT = Empty().setParseAction(checkUnindent).setName('UNINDENT')
+    if indent:
+        smExpr = Group( Optional(NL) +
+            #~ FollowedBy(blockStatementExpr) +
+            INDENT + (OneOrMore( PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Optional(NL) )) + UNDENT)
+    else:
+        smExpr = Group( Optional(NL) +
+            (OneOrMore( PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Optional(NL) )) )
+    blockStatementExpr.ignore(_bslash + LineEnd())
+    return smExpr.setName('indented block')
+
+alphas8bit = srange(r"[\0xc0-\0xd6\0xd8-\0xf6\0xf8-\0xff]")
+punc8bit = srange(r"[\0xa1-\0xbf\0xd7\0xf7]")
+
+anyOpenTag,anyCloseTag = makeHTMLTags(Word(alphas,alphanums+"_:").setName('any tag'))
+_htmlEntityMap = dict(zip("gt lt amp nbsp quot apos".split(),'><& "\''))
+commonHTMLEntity = Regex('&(?P<entity>' + '|'.join(_htmlEntityMap.keys()) +");").setName("common HTML entity")
+def replaceHTMLEntity(t):
+    """Helper parser action to replace common HTML entities with their special characters"""
+    return _htmlEntityMap.get(t.entity)
+
+# it's easy to get these comment structures wrong - they're very common, so may as well make them available
+cStyleComment = Combine(Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + '*/').setName("C style comment")
+"Comment of the form C{/* ... */}"
+
+htmlComment = Regex(r"<!--[\s\S]*?-->").setName("HTML comment")
+"Comment of the form C{<!-- ... -->}"
+
+restOfLine = Regex(r".*").leaveWhitespace().setName("rest of line")
+dblSlashComment = Regex(r"//(?:\\\n|[^\n])*").setName("// comment")
+"Comment of the form C{// ... (to end of line)}"
+
+cppStyleComment = Combine(Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + '*/'| dblSlashComment).setName("C++ style comment")
+"Comment of either form C{L{cStyleComment}} or C{L{dblSlashComment}}"
+
+javaStyleComment = cppStyleComment
+"Same as C{L{cppStyleComment}}"
+
+pythonStyleComment = Regex(r"#.*").setName("Python style comment")
+"Comment of the form C{# ... (to end of line)}"
+
+_commasepitem = Combine(OneOrMore(Word(printables, excludeChars=',') +
+                                  Optional( Word(" \t") +
+                                            ~Literal(",") + ~LineEnd() ) ) ).streamline().setName("commaItem")
+commaSeparatedList = delimitedList( Optional( quotedString.copy() | _commasepitem, default="") ).setName("commaSeparatedList")
+"""(Deprecated) Predefined expression of 1 or more printable words or quoted strings, separated by commas.
+   This expression is deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.comma_separated_list}."""
+
+# some other useful expressions - using lower-case class name since we are really using this as a namespace
+class pyparsing_common:
+    """
+    Here are some common low-level expressions that may be useful in jump-starting parser development:
+     - numeric forms (L{integers<integer>}, L{reals<real>}, L{scientific notation<sci_real>})
+     - common L{programming identifiers<identifier>}
+     - network addresses (L{MAC<mac_address>}, L{IPv4<ipv4_address>}, L{IPv6<ipv6_address>})
+     - ISO8601 L{dates<iso8601_date>} and L{datetime<iso8601_datetime>}
+     - L{UUID<uuid>}
+     - L{comma-separated list<comma_separated_list>}
+    Parse actions:
+     - C{L{convertToInteger}}
+     - C{L{convertToFloat}}
+     - C{L{convertToDate}}
+     - C{L{convertToDatetime}}
+     - C{L{stripHTMLTags}}
+     - C{L{upcaseTokens}}
+     - C{L{downcaseTokens}}
+
+    Example::
+        pyparsing_common.number.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fnumber.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as float
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.hex_integer.runTests('''
+            # hex numbers
+            100
+            FF
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fraction.runTests('''
+            # fractions
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.mixed_integer.runTests('''
+            # mixed fractions
+            1
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            1-3/4
+            ''')
+
+        import uuid
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.setParseAction(tokenMap(uuid.UUID))
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.runTests('''
+            # uuid
+            12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+        100
+        [100]
+
+        -100
+        [-100]
+
+        +100
+        [100]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # any int or real number, returned as float
+        100
+        [100.0]
+
+        -100
+        [-100.0]
+
+        +100
+        [100.0]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # hex numbers
+        100
+        [256]
+
+        FF
+        [255]
+
+        # fractions
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        # mixed fractions
+        1
+        [1]
+
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        1-3/4
+        [1.75]
+
+        # uuid
+        12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+        [UUID('12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678')]
+    """
+
+    convertToInteger = tokenMap(int)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed integers to Python int
+    """
+
+    convertToFloat = tokenMap(float)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed numbers to Python float
+    """
+
+    integer = Word(nums).setName("integer").setParseAction(convertToInteger)
+    """expression that parses an unsigned integer, returns an int"""
+
+    hex_integer = Word(hexnums).setName("hex integer").setParseAction(tokenMap(int,16))
+    """expression that parses a hexadecimal integer, returns an int"""
+
+    signed_integer = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+').setName("signed integer").setParseAction(convertToInteger)
+    """expression that parses an integer with optional leading sign, returns an int"""
+
+    fraction = (signed_integer().setParseAction(convertToFloat) + '/' + signed_integer().setParseAction(convertToFloat)).setName("fraction")
+    """fractional expression of an integer divided by an integer, returns a float"""
+    fraction.addParseAction(lambda t: t[0]/t[-1])
+
+    mixed_integer = (fraction | signed_integer + Optional(Optional('-').suppress() + fraction)).setName("fraction or mixed integer-fraction")
+    """mixed integer of the form 'integer - fraction', with optional leading integer, returns float"""
+    mixed_integer.addParseAction(sum)
+
+    real = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+\.\d*').setName("real number").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """expression that parses a floating point number and returns a float"""
+
+    sci_real = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+([eE][+-]?\d+|\.\d*([eE][+-]?\d+)?)').setName("real number with scientific notation").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """expression that parses a floating point number with optional scientific notation and returns a float"""
+
+    # streamlining this expression makes the docs nicer-looking
+    number = (sci_real | real | signed_integer).streamline()
+    """any numeric expression, returns the corresponding Python type"""
+
+    fnumber = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+\.?\d*([eE][+-]?\d+)?').setName("fnumber").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """any int or real number, returned as float"""
+    
+    identifier = Word(alphas+'_', alphanums+'_').setName("identifier")
+    """typical code identifier (leading alpha or '_', followed by 0 or more alphas, nums, or '_')"""
+    
+    ipv4_address = Regex(r'(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})){3}').setName("IPv4 address")
+    "IPv4 address (C{0.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255})"
+
+    _ipv6_part = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}').setName("hex_integer")
+    _full_ipv6_address = (_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*7).setName("full IPv6 address")
+    _short_ipv6_address = (Optional(_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*(0,6)) + "::" + Optional(_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*(0,6))).setName("short IPv6 address")
+    _short_ipv6_address.addCondition(lambda t: sum(1 for tt in t if pyparsing_common._ipv6_part.matches(tt)) < 8)
+    _mixed_ipv6_address = ("::ffff:" + ipv4_address).setName("mixed IPv6 address")
+    ipv6_address = Combine((_full_ipv6_address | _mixed_ipv6_address | _short_ipv6_address).setName("IPv6 address")).setName("IPv6 address")
+    "IPv6 address (long, short, or mixed form)"
+    
+    mac_address = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{2}([:.-])[0-9a-fA-F]{2}(?:\1[0-9a-fA-F]{2}){4}').setName("MAC address")
+    "MAC address xx:xx:xx:xx:xx (may also have '-' or '.' delimiters)"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convertToDate(fmt="%Y-%m-%d"):
+        """
+        Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed date string to Python datetime.date
+
+        Params -
+         - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default=C{"%Y-%m-%d"})
+
+        Example::
+            date_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_date.copy()
+            date_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDate())
+            print(date_expr.parseString("1999-12-31"))
+        prints::
+            [datetime.date(1999, 12, 31)]
+        """
+        def cvt_fn(s,l,t):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(t[0], fmt).date()
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, str(ve))
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convertToDatetime(fmt="%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"):
+        """
+        Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed datetime string to Python datetime.datetime
+
+        Params -
+         - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default=C{"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"})
+
+        Example::
+            dt_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_datetime.copy()
+            dt_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDatetime())
+            print(dt_expr.parseString("1999-12-31T23:59:59.999"))
+        prints::
+            [datetime.datetime(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999000)]
+        """
+        def cvt_fn(s,l,t):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(t[0], fmt)
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, str(ve))
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    iso8601_date = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})(?:-(?P<month>\d\d)(?:-(?P<day>\d\d))?)?').setName("ISO8601 date")
+    "ISO8601 date (C{yyyy-mm-dd})"
+
+    iso8601_datetime = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d)-(?P<day>\d\d)[T ](?P<hour>\d\d):(?P<minute>\d\d)(:(?P<second>\d\d(\.\d*)?)?)?(?P<tz>Z|[+-]\d\d:?\d\d)?').setName("ISO8601 datetime")
+    "ISO8601 datetime (C{yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.s(Z|+-00:00)}) - trailing seconds, milliseconds, and timezone optional; accepts separating C{'T'} or C{' '}"
+
+    uuid = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{8}(-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}){3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}').setName("UUID")
+    "UUID (C{xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx})"
+
+    _html_stripper = anyOpenTag.suppress() | anyCloseTag.suppress()
+    @staticmethod
+    def stripHTMLTags(s, l, tokens):
+        """
+        Parse action to remove HTML tags from web page HTML source
+
+        Example::
+            # strip HTML links from normal text 
+            text = '<td>More info at the <a href="http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+            td,td_end = makeHTMLTags("TD")
+            table_text = td + SkipTo(td_end).setParseAction(pyparsing_common.stripHTMLTags)("body") + td_end
+            
+            print(table_text.parseString(text).body) # -> 'More info at the pyparsing wiki page'
+        """
+        return pyparsing_common._html_stripper.transformString(tokens[0])
+
+    _commasepitem = Combine(OneOrMore(~Literal(",") + ~LineEnd() + Word(printables, excludeChars=',') 
+                                        + Optional( White(" \t") ) ) ).streamline().setName("commaItem")
+    comma_separated_list = delimitedList( Optional( quotedString.copy() | _commasepitem, default="") ).setName("comma separated list")
+    """Predefined expression of 1 or more printable words or quoted strings, separated by commas."""
+
+    upcaseTokens = staticmethod(tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).upper()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to upper case."""
+
+    downcaseTokens = staticmethod(tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).lower()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to lower case."""
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    selectToken    = CaselessLiteral("select")
+    fromToken      = CaselessLiteral("from")
+
+    ident          = Word(alphas, alphanums + "_$")
+
+    columnName     = delimitedList(ident, ".", combine=True).setParseAction(upcaseTokens)
+    columnNameList = Group(delimitedList(columnName)).setName("columns")
+    columnSpec     = ('*' | columnNameList)
+
+    tableName      = delimitedList(ident, ".", combine=True).setParseAction(upcaseTokens)
+    tableNameList  = Group(delimitedList(tableName)).setName("tables")
+    
+    simpleSQL      = selectToken("command") + columnSpec("columns") + fromToken + tableNameList("tables")
+
+    # demo runTests method, including embedded comments in test string
+    simpleSQL.runTests("""
+        # '*' as column list and dotted table name
+        select * from SYS.XYZZY
+
+        # caseless match on "SELECT", and casts back to "select"
+        SELECT * from XYZZY, ABC
+
+        # list of column names, and mixed case SELECT keyword
+        Select AA,BB,CC from Sys.dual
+
+        # multiple tables
+        Select A, B, C from Sys.dual, Table2
+
+        # invalid SELECT keyword - should fail
+        Xelect A, B, C from Sys.dual
+
+        # incomplete command - should fail
+        Select
+
+        # invalid column name - should fail
+        Select ^^^ frox Sys.dual
+
+        """)
+
+    pyparsing_common.number.runTests("""
+        100
+        -100
+        +100
+        3.14159
+        6.02e23
+        1e-12
+        """)
+
+    # any int or real number, returned as float
+    pyparsing_common.fnumber.runTests("""
+        100
+        -100
+        +100
+        3.14159
+        6.02e23
+        1e-12
+        """)
+
+    pyparsing_common.hex_integer.runTests("""
+        100
+        FF
+        """)
+
+    import uuid
+    pyparsing_common.uuid.setParseAction(tokenMap(uuid.UUID))
+    pyparsing_common.uuid.runTests("""
+        12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+        """)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/extern/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/extern/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fed5929
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/extern/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+import importlib.util
+import sys
+
+
+class VendorImporter:
+    """
+    A PEP 302 meta path importer for finding optionally-vendored
+    or otherwise naturally-installed packages from root_name.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, root_name, vendored_names=(), vendor_pkg=None):
+        self.root_name = root_name
+        self.vendored_names = set(vendored_names)
+        self.vendor_pkg = vendor_pkg or root_name.replace('extern', '_vendor')
+
+    @property
+    def search_path(self):
+        """
+        Search first the vendor package then as a natural package.
+        """
+        yield self.vendor_pkg + '.'
+        yield ''
+
+    def _module_matches_namespace(self, fullname):
+        """Figure out if the target module is vendored."""
+        root, base, target = fullname.partition(self.root_name + '.')
+        return not root and any(map(target.startswith, self.vendored_names))
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Iterate over the search path to locate and load fullname.
+        """
+        root, base, target = fullname.partition(self.root_name + '.')
+        for prefix in self.search_path:
+            try:
+                extant = prefix + target
+                __import__(extant)
+                mod = sys.modules[extant]
+                sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+                return mod
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+        else:
+            raise ImportError(
+                "The '{target}' package is required; "
+                "normally this is bundled with this package so if you get "
+                "this warning, consult the packager of your "
+                "distribution.".format(**locals())
+            )
+
+    def create_module(self, spec):
+        return self.load_module(spec.name)
+
+    def exec_module(self, module):
+        pass
+
+    def find_spec(self, fullname, path=None, target=None):
+        """Return a module spec for vendored names."""
+        return (
+            importlib.util.spec_from_loader(fullname, self)
+            if self._module_matches_namespace(fullname) else None
+        )
+
+    def install(self):
+        """
+        Install this importer into sys.meta_path if not already present.
+        """
+        if self not in sys.meta_path:
+            sys.meta_path.append(self)
+
+
+names = 'packaging', 'pyparsing', 'appdirs'
+VendorImporter(__name__, names).install()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/tests/data/my-test-package-source/setup.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/tests/data/my-test-package-source/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe80d28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pkg_resources/tests/data/my-test-package-source/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import setuptools
+setuptools.setup(
+    name="my-test-package",
+    version="1.0",
+    zip_safe=True,
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pvectorc.cpython-39-darwin.so b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pvectorc.cpython-39-darwin.so
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bc94c66
Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pvectorc.cpython-39-darwin.so differ
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea215f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+pycparser -- A C parser in Python
+
+Copyright (c) 2008-2020, Eli Bendersky
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
+are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this 
+  list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, 
+  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation 
+  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+* Neither the name of Eli Bendersky nor the names of its contributors may 
+  be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without 
+  specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND 
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE 
+LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 
+CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 
+GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 
+HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 
+LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT 
+OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d0fbd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: pycparser
+Version: 2.21
+Summary: C parser in Python
+Home-page: https://github.com/eliben/pycparser
+Author: Eli Bendersky
+Author-email: eliben@gmail.com
+Maintainer: Eli Bendersky
+License: BSD
+Platform: Cross Platform
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Requires-Python: >=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*
+
+
+pycparser is a complete parser of the C language, written in
+pure Python using the PLY parsing library.
+It parses C code into an AST and can serve as a front-end for
+C compilers or analysis tools.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e230498
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+pycparser-2.21.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+pycparser-2.21.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=Pn3yW437ZYyakVAZMNTZQ7BQh6g0fH4rQyVhavU1BHs,1536
+pycparser-2.21.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=GvTEQA9yKj0nvP4mknfoGpMvjaJXCQjQANcQHrRrAxc,1108
+pycparser-2.21.dist-info/RECORD,,
+pycparser-2.21.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=kGT74LWyRUZrL4VgLh6_g12IeVl_9u9ZVhadrgXZUEY,110
+pycparser-2.21.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=c-lPcS74L_8KoH7IE6PQF5ofyirRQNV4VhkbSFIPeWM,10
+pycparser/__init__.py,sha256=WUEp5D0fuHBH9Q8c1fYvR2eKWfj-CNghLf2MMlQLI1I,2815
+pycparser/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/_ast_gen.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/_build_tables.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/ast_transforms.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/c_ast.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/c_generator.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/c_lexer.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/c_parser.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/lextab.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/plyparser.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/__pycache__/yacctab.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/_ast_gen.py,sha256=0JRVnDW-Jw-3IjVlo8je9rbAcp6Ko7toHAnB5zi7h0Q,10555
+pycparser/_build_tables.py,sha256=oZCd3Plhq-vkV-QuEsaahcf-jUI6-HgKsrAL9gvFzuU,1039
+pycparser/_c_ast.cfg,sha256=ld5ezE9yzIJFIVAUfw7ezJSlMi4nXKNCzfmqjOyQTNo,4255
+pycparser/ast_transforms.py,sha256=GTMYlUgWmXd5wJVyovXY1qzzAqjxzCpVVg0664dKGBs,5691
+pycparser/c_ast.py,sha256=HWeOrfYdCY0u5XaYhE1i60uVyE3yMWdcxzECUX-DqJw,31445
+pycparser/c_generator.py,sha256=yi6Mcqxv88J5ue8k5-mVGxh3iJ37iD4QyF-sWcGjC-8,17772
+pycparser/c_lexer.py,sha256=xCpjIb6vOUebBJpdifidb08y7XgAsO3T1gNGXJT93-w,17167
+pycparser/c_parser.py,sha256=_8y3i52bL6SUK21KmEEl0qzHxe-0eZRzjZGkWg8gQ4A,73680
+pycparser/lextab.py,sha256=fIxBAHYRC418oKF52M7xb8_KMj3K-tHx0TzZiKwxjPM,8504
+pycparser/ply/__init__.py,sha256=q4s86QwRsYRa20L9ueSxfh-hPihpftBjDOvYa2_SS2Y,102
+pycparser/ply/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/ply/__pycache__/cpp.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/ply/__pycache__/ctokens.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/ply/__pycache__/lex.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/ply/__pycache__/yacc.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/ply/__pycache__/ygen.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pycparser/ply/cpp.py,sha256=UtC3ylTWp5_1MKA-PLCuwKQR8zSOnlGuGGIdzj8xS98,33282
+pycparser/ply/ctokens.py,sha256=MKksnN40TehPhgVfxCJhjj_BjL943apreABKYz-bl0Y,3177
+pycparser/ply/lex.py,sha256=7Qol57x702HZwjA3ZLp-84CUEWq1EehW-N67Wzghi-M,42918
+pycparser/ply/yacc.py,sha256=eatSDkRLgRr6X3-hoDk_SQQv065R0BdL2K7fQ54CgVM,137323
+pycparser/ply/ygen.py,sha256=2JYNeYtrPz1JzLSLO3d4GsS8zJU8jY_I_CR1VI9gWrA,2251
+pycparser/plyparser.py,sha256=8tLOoEytcapvWrr1JfCf7Dog-wulBtS1YrDs8S7JfMo,4875
+pycparser/yacctab.py,sha256=j_fVNIyDWDRVk7eWMqQtlBw2AwUSV5JTrtT58l7zis0,205652
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef99c6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.34.2)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc1c9e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser-2.21.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pycparser
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d82eb2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+# pycparser: __init__.py
+#
+# This package file exports some convenience functions for
+# interacting with pycparser
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+__all__ = ['c_lexer', 'c_parser', 'c_ast']
+__version__ = '2.21'
+
+import io
+from subprocess import check_output
+from .c_parser import CParser
+
+
+def preprocess_file(filename, cpp_path='cpp', cpp_args=''):
+    """ Preprocess a file using cpp.
+
+        filename:
+            Name of the file you want to preprocess.
+
+        cpp_path:
+        cpp_args:
+            Refer to the documentation of parse_file for the meaning of these
+            arguments.
+
+        When successful, returns the preprocessed file's contents.
+        Errors from cpp will be printed out.
+    """
+    path_list = [cpp_path]
+    if isinstance(cpp_args, list):
+        path_list += cpp_args
+    elif cpp_args != '':
+        path_list += [cpp_args]
+    path_list += [filename]
+
+    try:
+        # Note the use of universal_newlines to treat all newlines
+        # as \n for Python's purpose
+        text = check_output(path_list, universal_newlines=True)
+    except OSError as e:
+        raise RuntimeError("Unable to invoke 'cpp'.  " +
+            'Make sure its path was passed correctly\n' +
+            ('Original error: %s' % e))
+
+    return text
+
+
+def parse_file(filename, use_cpp=False, cpp_path='cpp', cpp_args='',
+               parser=None):
+    """ Parse a C file using pycparser.
+
+        filename:
+            Name of the file you want to parse.
+
+        use_cpp:
+            Set to True if you want to execute the C pre-processor
+            on the file prior to parsing it.
+
+        cpp_path:
+            If use_cpp is True, this is the path to 'cpp' on your
+            system. If no path is provided, it attempts to just
+            execute 'cpp', so it must be in your PATH.
+
+        cpp_args:
+            If use_cpp is True, set this to the command line arguments strings
+            to cpp. Be careful with quotes - it's best to pass a raw string
+            (r'') here. For example:
+            r'-I../utils/fake_libc_include'
+            If several arguments are required, pass a list of strings.
+
+        parser:
+            Optional parser object to be used instead of the default CParser
+
+        When successful, an AST is returned. ParseError can be
+        thrown if the file doesn't parse successfully.
+
+        Errors from cpp will be printed out.
+    """
+    if use_cpp:
+        text = preprocess_file(filename, cpp_path, cpp_args)
+    else:
+        with io.open(filename) as f:
+            text = f.read()
+
+    if parser is None:
+        parser = CParser()
+    return parser.parse(text, filename)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/_ast_gen.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/_ast_gen.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f7d330
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/_ast_gen.py
@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+# _ast_gen.py
+#
+# Generates the AST Node classes from a specification given in
+# a configuration file
+#
+# The design of this module was inspired by astgen.py from the
+# Python 2.5 code-base.
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+from string import Template
+
+
+class ASTCodeGenerator(object):
+    def __init__(self, cfg_filename='_c_ast.cfg'):
+        """ Initialize the code generator from a configuration
+            file.
+        """
+        self.cfg_filename = cfg_filename
+        self.node_cfg = [NodeCfg(name, contents)
+            for (name, contents) in self.parse_cfgfile(cfg_filename)]
+
+    def generate(self, file=None):
+        """ Generates the code into file, an open file buffer.
+        """
+        src = Template(_PROLOGUE_COMMENT).substitute(
+            cfg_filename=self.cfg_filename)
+
+        src += _PROLOGUE_CODE
+        for node_cfg in self.node_cfg:
+            src += node_cfg.generate_source() + '\n\n'
+
+        file.write(src)
+
+    def parse_cfgfile(self, filename):
+        """ Parse the configuration file and yield pairs of
+            (name, contents) for each node.
+        """
+        with open(filename, "r") as f:
+            for line in f:
+                line = line.strip()
+                if not line or line.startswith('#'):
+                    continue
+                colon_i = line.find(':')
+                lbracket_i = line.find('[')
+                rbracket_i = line.find(']')
+                if colon_i < 1 or lbracket_i <= colon_i or rbracket_i <= lbracket_i:
+                    raise RuntimeError("Invalid line in %s:\n%s\n" % (filename, line))
+
+                name = line[:colon_i]
+                val = line[lbracket_i + 1:rbracket_i]
+                vallist = [v.strip() for v in val.split(',')] if val else []
+                yield name, vallist
+
+
+class NodeCfg(object):
+    """ Node configuration.
+
+        name: node name
+        contents: a list of contents - attributes and child nodes
+        See comment at the top of the configuration file for details.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name, contents):
+        self.name = name
+        self.all_entries = []
+        self.attr = []
+        self.child = []
+        self.seq_child = []
+
+        for entry in contents:
+            clean_entry = entry.rstrip('*')
+            self.all_entries.append(clean_entry)
+
+            if entry.endswith('**'):
+                self.seq_child.append(clean_entry)
+            elif entry.endswith('*'):
+                self.child.append(clean_entry)
+            else:
+                self.attr.append(entry)
+
+    def generate_source(self):
+        src = self._gen_init()
+        src += '\n' + self._gen_children()
+        src += '\n' + self._gen_iter()
+        src += '\n' + self._gen_attr_names()
+        return src
+
+    def _gen_init(self):
+        src = "class %s(Node):\n" % self.name
+
+        if self.all_entries:
+            args = ', '.join(self.all_entries)
+            slots = ', '.join("'{0}'".format(e) for e in self.all_entries)
+            slots += ", 'coord', '__weakref__'"
+            arglist = '(self, %s, coord=None)' % args
+        else:
+            slots = "'coord', '__weakref__'"
+            arglist = '(self, coord=None)'
+
+        src += "    __slots__ = (%s)\n" % slots
+        src += "    def __init__%s:\n" % arglist
+
+        for name in self.all_entries + ['coord']:
+            src += "        self.%s = %s\n" % (name, name)
+
+        return src
+
+    def _gen_children(self):
+        src = '    def children(self):\n'
+
+        if self.all_entries:
+            src += '        nodelist = []\n'
+
+            for child in self.child:
+                src += (
+                    '        if self.%(child)s is not None:' +
+                    ' nodelist.append(("%(child)s", self.%(child)s))\n') % (
+                        dict(child=child))
+
+            for seq_child in self.seq_child:
+                src += (
+                    '        for i, child in enumerate(self.%(child)s or []):\n'
+                    '            nodelist.append(("%(child)s[%%d]" %% i, child))\n') % (
+                        dict(child=seq_child))
+
+            src += '        return tuple(nodelist)\n'
+        else:
+            src += '        return ()\n'
+
+        return src
+
+    def _gen_iter(self):
+        src = '    def __iter__(self):\n'
+
+        if self.all_entries:
+            for child in self.child:
+                src += (
+                    '        if self.%(child)s is not None:\n' +
+                    '            yield self.%(child)s\n') % (dict(child=child))
+
+            for seq_child in self.seq_child:
+                src += (
+                    '        for child in (self.%(child)s or []):\n'
+                    '            yield child\n') % (dict(child=seq_child))
+
+            if not (self.child or self.seq_child):
+                # Empty generator
+                src += (
+                    '        return\n' +
+                    '        yield\n')
+        else:
+            # Empty generator
+            src += (
+                '        return\n' +
+                '        yield\n')
+
+        return src
+
+    def _gen_attr_names(self):
+        src = "    attr_names = (" + ''.join("%r, " % nm for nm in self.attr) + ')'
+        return src
+
+
+_PROLOGUE_COMMENT = \
+r'''#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+# ** ATTENTION **
+# This code was automatically generated from the file:
+# $cfg_filename
+#
+# Do not modify it directly. Modify the configuration file and
+# run the generator again.
+# ** ** *** ** **
+#
+# pycparser: c_ast.py
+#
+# AST Node classes.
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+'''
+
+_PROLOGUE_CODE = r'''
+import sys
+
+def _repr(obj):
+    """
+    Get the representation of an object, with dedicated pprint-like format for lists.
+    """
+    if isinstance(obj, list):
+        return '[' + (',\n '.join((_repr(e).replace('\n', '\n ') for e in obj))) + '\n]'
+    else:
+        return repr(obj)
+
+class Node(object):
+    __slots__ = ()
+    """ Abstract base class for AST nodes.
+    """
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """ Generates a python representation of the current node
+        """
+        result = self.__class__.__name__ + '('
+
+        indent = ''
+        separator = ''
+        for name in self.__slots__[:-2]:
+            result += separator
+            result += indent
+            result += name + '=' + (_repr(getattr(self, name)).replace('\n', '\n  ' + (' ' * (len(name) + len(self.__class__.__name__)))))
+
+            separator = ','
+            indent = '\n ' + (' ' * len(self.__class__.__name__))
+
+        result += indent + ')'
+
+        return result
+
+    def children(self):
+        """ A sequence of all children that are Nodes
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def show(self, buf=sys.stdout, offset=0, attrnames=False, nodenames=False, showcoord=False, _my_node_name=None):
+        """ Pretty print the Node and all its attributes and
+            children (recursively) to a buffer.
+
+            buf:
+                Open IO buffer into which the Node is printed.
+
+            offset:
+                Initial offset (amount of leading spaces)
+
+            attrnames:
+                True if you want to see the attribute names in
+                name=value pairs. False to only see the values.
+
+            nodenames:
+                True if you want to see the actual node names
+                within their parents.
+
+            showcoord:
+                Do you want the coordinates of each Node to be
+                displayed.
+        """
+        lead = ' ' * offset
+        if nodenames and _my_node_name is not None:
+            buf.write(lead + self.__class__.__name__+ ' <' + _my_node_name + '>: ')
+        else:
+            buf.write(lead + self.__class__.__name__+ ': ')
+
+        if self.attr_names:
+            if attrnames:
+                nvlist = [(n, getattr(self,n)) for n in self.attr_names]
+                attrstr = ', '.join('%s=%s' % nv for nv in nvlist)
+            else:
+                vlist = [getattr(self, n) for n in self.attr_names]
+                attrstr = ', '.join('%s' % v for v in vlist)
+            buf.write(attrstr)
+
+        if showcoord:
+            buf.write(' (at %s)' % self.coord)
+        buf.write('\n')
+
+        for (child_name, child) in self.children():
+            child.show(
+                buf,
+                offset=offset + 2,
+                attrnames=attrnames,
+                nodenames=nodenames,
+                showcoord=showcoord,
+                _my_node_name=child_name)
+
+
+class NodeVisitor(object):
+    """ A base NodeVisitor class for visiting c_ast nodes.
+        Subclass it and define your own visit_XXX methods, where
+        XXX is the class name you want to visit with these
+        methods.
+
+        For example:
+
+        class ConstantVisitor(NodeVisitor):
+            def __init__(self):
+                self.values = []
+
+            def visit_Constant(self, node):
+                self.values.append(node.value)
+
+        Creates a list of values of all the constant nodes
+        encountered below the given node. To use it:
+
+        cv = ConstantVisitor()
+        cv.visit(node)
+
+        Notes:
+
+        *   generic_visit() will be called for AST nodes for which
+            no visit_XXX method was defined.
+        *   The children of nodes for which a visit_XXX was
+            defined will not be visited - if you need this, call
+            generic_visit() on the node.
+            You can use:
+                NodeVisitor.generic_visit(self, node)
+        *   Modeled after Python's own AST visiting facilities
+            (the ast module of Python 3.0)
+    """
+
+    _method_cache = None
+
+    def visit(self, node):
+        """ Visit a node.
+        """
+
+        if self._method_cache is None:
+            self._method_cache = {}
+
+        visitor = self._method_cache.get(node.__class__.__name__, None)
+        if visitor is None:
+            method = 'visit_' + node.__class__.__name__
+            visitor = getattr(self, method, self.generic_visit)
+            self._method_cache[node.__class__.__name__] = visitor
+
+        return visitor(node)
+
+    def generic_visit(self, node):
+        """ Called if no explicit visitor function exists for a
+            node. Implements preorder visiting of the node.
+        """
+        for c in node:
+            self.visit(c)
+
+'''
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/_build_tables.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/_build_tables.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..958381a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/_build_tables.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+# pycparser: _build_tables.py
+#
+# A dummy for generating the lexing/parsing tables and and
+# compiling them into .pyc for faster execution in optimized mode.
+# Also generates AST code from the configuration file.
+# Should be called from the pycparser directory.
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Insert '.' and '..' as first entries to the search path for modules.
+# Restricted environments like embeddable python do not include the
+# current working directory on startup.
+import sys
+sys.path[0:0] = ['.', '..']
+
+# Generate c_ast.py
+from _ast_gen import ASTCodeGenerator
+ast_gen = ASTCodeGenerator('_c_ast.cfg')
+ast_gen.generate(open('c_ast.py', 'w'))
+
+from pycparser import c_parser
+
+# Generates the tables
+#
+c_parser.CParser(
+    lex_optimize=True,
+    yacc_debug=False,
+    yacc_optimize=True)
+
+# Load to compile into .pyc
+#
+import lextab
+import yacctab
+import c_ast
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/_c_ast.cfg b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/_c_ast.cfg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0626533
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/_c_ast.cfg
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+# pycparser: _c_ast.cfg
+#
+# Defines the AST Node classes used in pycparser.
+#
+# Each entry is a Node sub-class name, listing the attributes
+# and child nodes of the class:
+#   <name>*     - a child node
+#   <name>**    - a sequence of child nodes
+#   <name>      - an attribute
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# ArrayDecl is a nested declaration of an array with the given type.
+# dim: the dimension (for example, constant 42)
+# dim_quals: list of dimension qualifiers, to support C99's allowing 'const'
+#            and 'static' within the array dimension in function declarations.
+ArrayDecl: [type*, dim*, dim_quals]
+
+ArrayRef: [name*, subscript*]
+
+# op: =, +=, /= etc.
+#
+Assignment: [op, lvalue*, rvalue*]
+
+Alignas: [alignment*]
+
+BinaryOp: [op, left*, right*]
+
+Break: []
+
+Case: [expr*, stmts**]
+
+Cast: [to_type*, expr*]
+
+# Compound statement in C99 is a list of block items (declarations or
+# statements).
+#
+Compound: [block_items**]
+
+# Compound literal (anonymous aggregate) for C99.
+# (type-name) {initializer_list}
+# type: the typename
+# init: InitList for the initializer list
+#
+CompoundLiteral: [type*, init*]
+
+# type: int, char, float, string, etc.
+#
+Constant: [type, value]
+
+Continue: []
+
+# name: the variable being declared
+# quals: list of qualifiers (const, volatile)
+# funcspec: list function specifiers (i.e. inline in C99)
+# storage: list of storage specifiers (extern, register, etc.)
+# type: declaration type (probably nested with all the modifiers)
+# init: initialization value, or None
+# bitsize: bit field size, or None
+#
+Decl: [name, quals, align, storage, funcspec, type*, init*, bitsize*]
+
+DeclList: [decls**]
+
+Default: [stmts**]
+
+DoWhile: [cond*, stmt*]
+
+# Represents the ellipsis (...) parameter in a function
+# declaration
+#
+EllipsisParam: []
+
+# An empty statement (a semicolon ';' on its own)
+#
+EmptyStatement: []
+
+# Enumeration type specifier
+# name: an optional ID
+# values: an EnumeratorList
+#
+Enum: [name, values*]
+
+# A name/value pair for enumeration values
+#
+Enumerator: [name, value*]
+
+# A list of enumerators
+#
+EnumeratorList: [enumerators**]
+
+# A list of expressions separated by the comma operator.
+#
+ExprList: [exprs**]
+
+# This is the top of the AST, representing a single C file (a
+# translation unit in K&R jargon). It contains a list of
+# "external-declaration"s, which is either declarations (Decl),
+# Typedef or function definitions (FuncDef).
+#
+FileAST: [ext**]
+
+# for (init; cond; next) stmt
+#
+For: [init*, cond*, next*, stmt*]
+
+# name: Id
+# args: ExprList
+#
+FuncCall: [name*, args*]
+
+# type <decl>(args)
+#
+FuncDecl: [args*, type*]
+
+# Function definition: a declarator for the function name and
+# a body, which is a compound statement.
+# There's an optional list of parameter declarations for old
+# K&R-style definitions
+#
+FuncDef: [decl*, param_decls**, body*]
+
+Goto: [name]
+
+ID: [name]
+
+# Holder for types that are a simple identifier (e.g. the built
+# ins void, char etc. and typedef-defined types)
+#
+IdentifierType: [names]
+
+If: [cond*, iftrue*, iffalse*]
+
+# An initialization list used for compound literals.
+#
+InitList: [exprs**]
+
+Label: [name, stmt*]
+
+# A named initializer for C99.
+# The name of a NamedInitializer is a sequence of Nodes, because
+# names can be hierarchical and contain constant expressions.
+#
+NamedInitializer: [name**, expr*]
+
+# a list of comma separated function parameter declarations
+#
+ParamList: [params**]
+
+PtrDecl: [quals, type*]
+
+Return: [expr*]
+
+StaticAssert: [cond*, message*]
+
+# name: struct tag name
+# decls: declaration of members
+#
+Struct: [name, decls**]
+
+# type: . or ->
+# name.field or name->field
+#
+StructRef: [name*, type, field*]
+
+Switch: [cond*, stmt*]
+
+# cond ? iftrue : iffalse
+#
+TernaryOp: [cond*, iftrue*, iffalse*]
+
+# A base type declaration
+#
+TypeDecl: [declname, quals, align, type*]
+
+# A typedef declaration.
+# Very similar to Decl, but without some attributes
+#
+Typedef: [name, quals, storage, type*]
+
+Typename: [name, quals, align, type*]
+
+UnaryOp: [op, expr*]
+
+# name: union tag name
+# decls: declaration of members
+#
+Union: [name, decls**]
+
+While: [cond*, stmt*]
+
+Pragma: [string]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ast_transforms.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ast_transforms.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..367dcf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ast_transforms.py
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# pycparser: ast_transforms.py
+#
+# Some utilities used by the parser to create a friendlier AST.
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+from . import c_ast
+
+
+def fix_switch_cases(switch_node):
+    """ The 'case' statements in a 'switch' come out of parsing with one
+        child node, so subsequent statements are just tucked to the parent
+        Compound. Additionally, consecutive (fall-through) case statements
+        come out messy. This is a peculiarity of the C grammar. The following:
+
+            switch (myvar) {
+                case 10:
+                    k = 10;
+                    p = k + 1;
+                    return 10;
+                case 20:
+                case 30:
+                    return 20;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+
+        Creates this tree (pseudo-dump):
+
+            Switch
+                ID: myvar
+                Compound:
+                    Case 10:
+                        k = 10
+                    p = k + 1
+                    return 10
+                    Case 20:
+                        Case 30:
+                            return 20
+                    Default:
+                        break
+
+        The goal of this transform is to fix this mess, turning it into the
+        following:
+
+            Switch
+                ID: myvar
+                Compound:
+                    Case 10:
+                        k = 10
+                        p = k + 1
+                        return 10
+                    Case 20:
+                    Case 30:
+                        return 20
+                    Default:
+                        break
+
+        A fixed AST node is returned. The argument may be modified.
+    """
+    assert isinstance(switch_node, c_ast.Switch)
+    if not isinstance(switch_node.stmt, c_ast.Compound):
+        return switch_node
+
+    # The new Compound child for the Switch, which will collect children in the
+    # correct order
+    new_compound = c_ast.Compound([], switch_node.stmt.coord)
+
+    # The last Case/Default node
+    last_case = None
+
+    # Goes over the children of the Compound below the Switch, adding them
+    # either directly below new_compound or below the last Case as appropriate
+    # (for `switch(cond) {}`, block_items would have been None)
+    for child in (switch_node.stmt.block_items or []):
+        if isinstance(child, (c_ast.Case, c_ast.Default)):
+            # If it's a Case/Default:
+            # 1. Add it to the Compound and mark as "last case"
+            # 2. If its immediate child is also a Case or Default, promote it
+            #    to a sibling.
+            new_compound.block_items.append(child)
+            _extract_nested_case(child, new_compound.block_items)
+            last_case = new_compound.block_items[-1]
+        else:
+            # Other statements are added as children to the last case, if it
+            # exists.
+            if last_case is None:
+                new_compound.block_items.append(child)
+            else:
+                last_case.stmts.append(child)
+
+    switch_node.stmt = new_compound
+    return switch_node
+
+
+def _extract_nested_case(case_node, stmts_list):
+    """ Recursively extract consecutive Case statements that are made nested
+        by the parser and add them to the stmts_list.
+    """
+    if isinstance(case_node.stmts[0], (c_ast.Case, c_ast.Default)):
+        stmts_list.append(case_node.stmts.pop())
+        _extract_nested_case(stmts_list[-1], stmts_list)
+
+
+def fix_atomic_specifiers(decl):
+    """ Atomic specifiers like _Atomic(type) are unusually structured,
+        conferring a qualifier upon the contained type.
+
+        This function fixes a decl with atomic specifiers to have a sane AST
+        structure, by removing spurious Typename->TypeDecl pairs and attaching
+        the _Atomic qualifier in the right place.
+    """
+    # There can be multiple levels of _Atomic in a decl; fix them until a
+    # fixed point is reached.
+    while True:
+        decl, found = _fix_atomic_specifiers_once(decl)
+        if not found:
+            break
+
+    # Make sure to add an _Atomic qual on the topmost decl if needed. Also
+    # restore the declname on the innermost TypeDecl (it gets placed in the
+    # wrong place during construction).
+    typ = decl
+    while not isinstance(typ, c_ast.TypeDecl):
+        try:
+            typ = typ.type
+        except AttributeError:
+            return decl
+    if '_Atomic' in typ.quals and '_Atomic' not in decl.quals:
+        decl.quals.append('_Atomic')
+    if typ.declname is None:
+        typ.declname = decl.name
+
+    return decl
+
+
+def _fix_atomic_specifiers_once(decl):
+    """ Performs one 'fix' round of atomic specifiers.
+        Returns (modified_decl, found) where found is True iff a fix was made.
+    """
+    parent = decl
+    grandparent = None
+    node = decl.type
+    while node is not None:
+        if isinstance(node, c_ast.Typename) and '_Atomic' in node.quals:
+            break
+        try:
+            grandparent = parent
+            parent = node
+            node = node.type
+        except AttributeError:
+            # If we've reached a node without a `type` field, it means we won't
+            # find what we're looking for at this point; give up the search
+            # and return the original decl unmodified.
+            return decl, False
+
+    assert isinstance(parent, c_ast.TypeDecl)
+    grandparent.type = node.type
+    if '_Atomic' not in node.type.quals:
+        node.type.quals.append('_Atomic')
+    return decl, True
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_ast.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_ast.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6575a2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_ast.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1125 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+# ** ATTENTION **
+# This code was automatically generated from the file:
+# _c_ast.cfg
+#
+# Do not modify it directly. Modify the configuration file and
+# run the generator again.
+# ** ** *** ** **
+#
+# pycparser: c_ast.py
+#
+# AST Node classes.
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+import sys
+
+def _repr(obj):
+    """
+    Get the representation of an object, with dedicated pprint-like format for lists.
+    """
+    if isinstance(obj, list):
+        return '[' + (',\n '.join((_repr(e).replace('\n', '\n ') for e in obj))) + '\n]'
+    else:
+        return repr(obj)
+
+class Node(object):
+    __slots__ = ()
+    """ Abstract base class for AST nodes.
+    """
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """ Generates a python representation of the current node
+        """
+        result = self.__class__.__name__ + '('
+
+        indent = ''
+        separator = ''
+        for name in self.__slots__[:-2]:
+            result += separator
+            result += indent
+            result += name + '=' + (_repr(getattr(self, name)).replace('\n', '\n  ' + (' ' * (len(name) + len(self.__class__.__name__)))))
+
+            separator = ','
+            indent = '\n ' + (' ' * len(self.__class__.__name__))
+
+        result += indent + ')'
+
+        return result
+
+    def children(self):
+        """ A sequence of all children that are Nodes
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def show(self, buf=sys.stdout, offset=0, attrnames=False, nodenames=False, showcoord=False, _my_node_name=None):
+        """ Pretty print the Node and all its attributes and
+            children (recursively) to a buffer.
+
+            buf:
+                Open IO buffer into which the Node is printed.
+
+            offset:
+                Initial offset (amount of leading spaces)
+
+            attrnames:
+                True if you want to see the attribute names in
+                name=value pairs. False to only see the values.
+
+            nodenames:
+                True if you want to see the actual node names
+                within their parents.
+
+            showcoord:
+                Do you want the coordinates of each Node to be
+                displayed.
+        """
+        lead = ' ' * offset
+        if nodenames and _my_node_name is not None:
+            buf.write(lead + self.__class__.__name__+ ' <' + _my_node_name + '>: ')
+        else:
+            buf.write(lead + self.__class__.__name__+ ': ')
+
+        if self.attr_names:
+            if attrnames:
+                nvlist = [(n, getattr(self,n)) for n in self.attr_names]
+                attrstr = ', '.join('%s=%s' % nv for nv in nvlist)
+            else:
+                vlist = [getattr(self, n) for n in self.attr_names]
+                attrstr = ', '.join('%s' % v for v in vlist)
+            buf.write(attrstr)
+
+        if showcoord:
+            buf.write(' (at %s)' % self.coord)
+        buf.write('\n')
+
+        for (child_name, child) in self.children():
+            child.show(
+                buf,
+                offset=offset + 2,
+                attrnames=attrnames,
+                nodenames=nodenames,
+                showcoord=showcoord,
+                _my_node_name=child_name)
+
+
+class NodeVisitor(object):
+    """ A base NodeVisitor class for visiting c_ast nodes.
+        Subclass it and define your own visit_XXX methods, where
+        XXX is the class name you want to visit with these
+        methods.
+
+        For example:
+
+        class ConstantVisitor(NodeVisitor):
+            def __init__(self):
+                self.values = []
+
+            def visit_Constant(self, node):
+                self.values.append(node.value)
+
+        Creates a list of values of all the constant nodes
+        encountered below the given node. To use it:
+
+        cv = ConstantVisitor()
+        cv.visit(node)
+
+        Notes:
+
+        *   generic_visit() will be called for AST nodes for which
+            no visit_XXX method was defined.
+        *   The children of nodes for which a visit_XXX was
+            defined will not be visited - if you need this, call
+            generic_visit() on the node.
+            You can use:
+                NodeVisitor.generic_visit(self, node)
+        *   Modeled after Python's own AST visiting facilities
+            (the ast module of Python 3.0)
+    """
+
+    _method_cache = None
+
+    def visit(self, node):
+        """ Visit a node.
+        """
+
+        if self._method_cache is None:
+            self._method_cache = {}
+
+        visitor = self._method_cache.get(node.__class__.__name__, None)
+        if visitor is None:
+            method = 'visit_' + node.__class__.__name__
+            visitor = getattr(self, method, self.generic_visit)
+            self._method_cache[node.__class__.__name__] = visitor
+
+        return visitor(node)
+
+    def generic_visit(self, node):
+        """ Called if no explicit visitor function exists for a
+            node. Implements preorder visiting of the node.
+        """
+        for c in node:
+            self.visit(c)
+
+class ArrayDecl(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('type', 'dim', 'dim_quals', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, type, dim, dim_quals, coord=None):
+        self.type = type
+        self.dim = dim
+        self.dim_quals = dim_quals
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.type is not None: nodelist.append(("type", self.type))
+        if self.dim is not None: nodelist.append(("dim", self.dim))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.type is not None:
+            yield self.type
+        if self.dim is not None:
+            yield self.dim
+
+    attr_names = ('dim_quals', )
+
+class ArrayRef(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'subscript', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, subscript, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.subscript = subscript
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.name is not None: nodelist.append(("name", self.name))
+        if self.subscript is not None: nodelist.append(("subscript", self.subscript))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.name is not None:
+            yield self.name
+        if self.subscript is not None:
+            yield self.subscript
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Assignment(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('op', 'lvalue', 'rvalue', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, op, lvalue, rvalue, coord=None):
+        self.op = op
+        self.lvalue = lvalue
+        self.rvalue = rvalue
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.lvalue is not None: nodelist.append(("lvalue", self.lvalue))
+        if self.rvalue is not None: nodelist.append(("rvalue", self.rvalue))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.lvalue is not None:
+            yield self.lvalue
+        if self.rvalue is not None:
+            yield self.rvalue
+
+    attr_names = ('op', )
+
+class Alignas(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('alignment', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, alignment, coord=None):
+        self.alignment = alignment
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.alignment is not None: nodelist.append(("alignment", self.alignment))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.alignment is not None:
+            yield self.alignment
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class BinaryOp(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('op', 'left', 'right', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, op, left, right, coord=None):
+        self.op = op
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.left is not None: nodelist.append(("left", self.left))
+        if self.right is not None: nodelist.append(("right", self.right))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.left is not None:
+            yield self.left
+        if self.right is not None:
+            yield self.right
+
+    attr_names = ('op', )
+
+class Break(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, coord=None):
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        return ()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return
+        yield
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Case(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('expr', 'stmts', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, expr, stmts, coord=None):
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.stmts = stmts
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.expr is not None: nodelist.append(("expr", self.expr))
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.stmts or []):
+            nodelist.append(("stmts[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            yield self.expr
+        for child in (self.stmts or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Cast(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('to_type', 'expr', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, to_type, expr, coord=None):
+        self.to_type = to_type
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.to_type is not None: nodelist.append(("to_type", self.to_type))
+        if self.expr is not None: nodelist.append(("expr", self.expr))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.to_type is not None:
+            yield self.to_type
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            yield self.expr
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Compound(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('block_items', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, block_items, coord=None):
+        self.block_items = block_items
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.block_items or []):
+            nodelist.append(("block_items[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.block_items or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class CompoundLiteral(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('type', 'init', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, type, init, coord=None):
+        self.type = type
+        self.init = init
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.type is not None: nodelist.append(("type", self.type))
+        if self.init is not None: nodelist.append(("init", self.init))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.type is not None:
+            yield self.type
+        if self.init is not None:
+            yield self.init
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Constant(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('type', 'value', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, type, value, coord=None):
+        self.type = type
+        self.value = value
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return
+        yield
+
+    attr_names = ('type', 'value', )
+
+class Continue(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, coord=None):
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        return ()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return
+        yield
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Decl(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'quals', 'align', 'storage', 'funcspec', 'type', 'init', 'bitsize', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, quals, align, storage, funcspec, type, init, bitsize, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.quals = quals
+        self.align = align
+        self.storage = storage
+        self.funcspec = funcspec
+        self.type = type
+        self.init = init
+        self.bitsize = bitsize
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.type is not None: nodelist.append(("type", self.type))
+        if self.init is not None: nodelist.append(("init", self.init))
+        if self.bitsize is not None: nodelist.append(("bitsize", self.bitsize))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.type is not None:
+            yield self.type
+        if self.init is not None:
+            yield self.init
+        if self.bitsize is not None:
+            yield self.bitsize
+
+    attr_names = ('name', 'quals', 'align', 'storage', 'funcspec', )
+
+class DeclList(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('decls', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, decls, coord=None):
+        self.decls = decls
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.decls or []):
+            nodelist.append(("decls[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.decls or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Default(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('stmts', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, stmts, coord=None):
+        self.stmts = stmts
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.stmts or []):
+            nodelist.append(("stmts[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.stmts or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class DoWhile(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('cond', 'stmt', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, cond, stmt, coord=None):
+        self.cond = cond
+        self.stmt = stmt
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.cond is not None: nodelist.append(("cond", self.cond))
+        if self.stmt is not None: nodelist.append(("stmt", self.stmt))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.cond is not None:
+            yield self.cond
+        if self.stmt is not None:
+            yield self.stmt
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class EllipsisParam(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, coord=None):
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        return ()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return
+        yield
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class EmptyStatement(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, coord=None):
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        return ()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return
+        yield
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Enum(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'values', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, values, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.values = values
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.values is not None: nodelist.append(("values", self.values))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.values is not None:
+            yield self.values
+
+    attr_names = ('name', )
+
+class Enumerator(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'value', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, value, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.value = value
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.value is not None: nodelist.append(("value", self.value))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.value is not None:
+            yield self.value
+
+    attr_names = ('name', )
+
+class EnumeratorList(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('enumerators', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, enumerators, coord=None):
+        self.enumerators = enumerators
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.enumerators or []):
+            nodelist.append(("enumerators[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.enumerators or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class ExprList(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('exprs', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, exprs, coord=None):
+        self.exprs = exprs
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.exprs or []):
+            nodelist.append(("exprs[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.exprs or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class FileAST(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('ext', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, ext, coord=None):
+        self.ext = ext
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.ext or []):
+            nodelist.append(("ext[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.ext or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class For(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('init', 'cond', 'next', 'stmt', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, init, cond, next, stmt, coord=None):
+        self.init = init
+        self.cond = cond
+        self.next = next
+        self.stmt = stmt
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.init is not None: nodelist.append(("init", self.init))
+        if self.cond is not None: nodelist.append(("cond", self.cond))
+        if self.next is not None: nodelist.append(("next", self.next))
+        if self.stmt is not None: nodelist.append(("stmt", self.stmt))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.init is not None:
+            yield self.init
+        if self.cond is not None:
+            yield self.cond
+        if self.next is not None:
+            yield self.next
+        if self.stmt is not None:
+            yield self.stmt
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class FuncCall(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'args', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, args, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.args = args
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.name is not None: nodelist.append(("name", self.name))
+        if self.args is not None: nodelist.append(("args", self.args))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.name is not None:
+            yield self.name
+        if self.args is not None:
+            yield self.args
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class FuncDecl(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('args', 'type', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, args, type, coord=None):
+        self.args = args
+        self.type = type
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.args is not None: nodelist.append(("args", self.args))
+        if self.type is not None: nodelist.append(("type", self.type))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.args is not None:
+            yield self.args
+        if self.type is not None:
+            yield self.type
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class FuncDef(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('decl', 'param_decls', 'body', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, decl, param_decls, body, coord=None):
+        self.decl = decl
+        self.param_decls = param_decls
+        self.body = body
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.decl is not None: nodelist.append(("decl", self.decl))
+        if self.body is not None: nodelist.append(("body", self.body))
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.param_decls or []):
+            nodelist.append(("param_decls[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.decl is not None:
+            yield self.decl
+        if self.body is not None:
+            yield self.body
+        for child in (self.param_decls or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Goto(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return
+        yield
+
+    attr_names = ('name', )
+
+class ID(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return
+        yield
+
+    attr_names = ('name', )
+
+class IdentifierType(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('names', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, names, coord=None):
+        self.names = names
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return
+        yield
+
+    attr_names = ('names', )
+
+class If(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('cond', 'iftrue', 'iffalse', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, cond, iftrue, iffalse, coord=None):
+        self.cond = cond
+        self.iftrue = iftrue
+        self.iffalse = iffalse
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.cond is not None: nodelist.append(("cond", self.cond))
+        if self.iftrue is not None: nodelist.append(("iftrue", self.iftrue))
+        if self.iffalse is not None: nodelist.append(("iffalse", self.iffalse))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.cond is not None:
+            yield self.cond
+        if self.iftrue is not None:
+            yield self.iftrue
+        if self.iffalse is not None:
+            yield self.iffalse
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class InitList(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('exprs', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, exprs, coord=None):
+        self.exprs = exprs
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.exprs or []):
+            nodelist.append(("exprs[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.exprs or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Label(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'stmt', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, stmt, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.stmt = stmt
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.stmt is not None: nodelist.append(("stmt", self.stmt))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.stmt is not None:
+            yield self.stmt
+
+    attr_names = ('name', )
+
+class NamedInitializer(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'expr', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, expr, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.expr is not None: nodelist.append(("expr", self.expr))
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.name or []):
+            nodelist.append(("name[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            yield self.expr
+        for child in (self.name or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class ParamList(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('params', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, params, coord=None):
+        self.params = params
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.params or []):
+            nodelist.append(("params[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.params or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class PtrDecl(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('quals', 'type', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, quals, type, coord=None):
+        self.quals = quals
+        self.type = type
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.type is not None: nodelist.append(("type", self.type))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.type is not None:
+            yield self.type
+
+    attr_names = ('quals', )
+
+class Return(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('expr', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, expr, coord=None):
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.expr is not None: nodelist.append(("expr", self.expr))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            yield self.expr
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class StaticAssert(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('cond', 'message', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, cond, message, coord=None):
+        self.cond = cond
+        self.message = message
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.cond is not None: nodelist.append(("cond", self.cond))
+        if self.message is not None: nodelist.append(("message", self.message))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.cond is not None:
+            yield self.cond
+        if self.message is not None:
+            yield self.message
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Struct(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'decls', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, decls, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.decls = decls
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.decls or []):
+            nodelist.append(("decls[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.decls or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ('name', )
+
+class StructRef(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'type', 'field', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, type, field, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.type = type
+        self.field = field
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.name is not None: nodelist.append(("name", self.name))
+        if self.field is not None: nodelist.append(("field", self.field))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.name is not None:
+            yield self.name
+        if self.field is not None:
+            yield self.field
+
+    attr_names = ('type', )
+
+class Switch(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('cond', 'stmt', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, cond, stmt, coord=None):
+        self.cond = cond
+        self.stmt = stmt
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.cond is not None: nodelist.append(("cond", self.cond))
+        if self.stmt is not None: nodelist.append(("stmt", self.stmt))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.cond is not None:
+            yield self.cond
+        if self.stmt is not None:
+            yield self.stmt
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class TernaryOp(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('cond', 'iftrue', 'iffalse', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, cond, iftrue, iffalse, coord=None):
+        self.cond = cond
+        self.iftrue = iftrue
+        self.iffalse = iffalse
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.cond is not None: nodelist.append(("cond", self.cond))
+        if self.iftrue is not None: nodelist.append(("iftrue", self.iftrue))
+        if self.iffalse is not None: nodelist.append(("iffalse", self.iffalse))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.cond is not None:
+            yield self.cond
+        if self.iftrue is not None:
+            yield self.iftrue
+        if self.iffalse is not None:
+            yield self.iffalse
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class TypeDecl(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('declname', 'quals', 'align', 'type', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, declname, quals, align, type, coord=None):
+        self.declname = declname
+        self.quals = quals
+        self.align = align
+        self.type = type
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.type is not None: nodelist.append(("type", self.type))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.type is not None:
+            yield self.type
+
+    attr_names = ('declname', 'quals', 'align', )
+
+class Typedef(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'quals', 'storage', 'type', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, quals, storage, type, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.quals = quals
+        self.storage = storage
+        self.type = type
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.type is not None: nodelist.append(("type", self.type))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.type is not None:
+            yield self.type
+
+    attr_names = ('name', 'quals', 'storage', )
+
+class Typename(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'quals', 'align', 'type', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, quals, align, type, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.quals = quals
+        self.align = align
+        self.type = type
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.type is not None: nodelist.append(("type", self.type))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.type is not None:
+            yield self.type
+
+    attr_names = ('name', 'quals', 'align', )
+
+class UnaryOp(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('op', 'expr', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, op, expr, coord=None):
+        self.op = op
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.expr is not None: nodelist.append(("expr", self.expr))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            yield self.expr
+
+    attr_names = ('op', )
+
+class Union(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'decls', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, name, decls, coord=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.decls = decls
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(self.decls or []):
+            nodelist.append(("decls[%d]" % i, child))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for child in (self.decls or []):
+            yield child
+
+    attr_names = ('name', )
+
+class While(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('cond', 'stmt', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, cond, stmt, coord=None):
+        self.cond = cond
+        self.stmt = stmt
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        if self.cond is not None: nodelist.append(("cond", self.cond))
+        if self.stmt is not None: nodelist.append(("stmt", self.stmt))
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.cond is not None:
+            yield self.cond
+        if self.stmt is not None:
+            yield self.stmt
+
+    attr_names = ()
+
+class Pragma(Node):
+    __slots__ = ('string', 'coord', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, string, coord=None):
+        self.string = string
+        self.coord = coord
+
+    def children(self):
+        nodelist = []
+        return tuple(nodelist)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return
+        yield
+
+    attr_names = ('string', )
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_generator.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_generator.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1057b2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_generator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,502 @@
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# pycparser: c_generator.py
+#
+# C code generator from pycparser AST nodes.
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from . import c_ast
+
+
+class CGenerator(object):
+    """ Uses the same visitor pattern as c_ast.NodeVisitor, but modified to
+        return a value from each visit method, using string accumulation in
+        generic_visit.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, reduce_parentheses=False):
+        """ Constructs C-code generator
+
+            reduce_parentheses:
+                if True, eliminates needless parentheses on binary operators
+        """
+        # Statements start with indentation of self.indent_level spaces, using
+        # the _make_indent method.
+        self.indent_level = 0
+        self.reduce_parentheses = reduce_parentheses
+
+    def _make_indent(self):
+        return ' ' * self.indent_level
+
+    def visit(self, node):
+        method = 'visit_' + node.__class__.__name__
+        return getattr(self, method, self.generic_visit)(node)
+
+    def generic_visit(self, node):
+        if node is None:
+            return ''
+        else:
+            return ''.join(self.visit(c) for c_name, c in node.children())
+
+    def visit_Constant(self, n):
+        return n.value
+
+    def visit_ID(self, n):
+        return n.name
+
+    def visit_Pragma(self, n):
+        ret = '#pragma'
+        if n.string:
+            ret += ' ' + n.string
+        return ret
+
+    def visit_ArrayRef(self, n):
+        arrref = self._parenthesize_unless_simple(n.name)
+        return arrref + '[' + self.visit(n.subscript) + ']'
+
+    def visit_StructRef(self, n):
+        sref = self._parenthesize_unless_simple(n.name)
+        return sref + n.type + self.visit(n.field)
+
+    def visit_FuncCall(self, n):
+        fref = self._parenthesize_unless_simple(n.name)
+        return fref + '(' + self.visit(n.args) + ')'
+
+    def visit_UnaryOp(self, n):
+        if n.op == 'sizeof':
+            # Always parenthesize the argument of sizeof since it can be
+            # a name.
+            return 'sizeof(%s)' % self.visit(n.expr)
+        else:
+            operand = self._parenthesize_unless_simple(n.expr)
+            if n.op == 'p++':
+                return '%s++' % operand
+            elif n.op == 'p--':
+                return '%s--' % operand
+            else:
+                return '%s%s' % (n.op, operand)
+
+    # Precedence map of binary operators:
+    precedence_map = {
+        # Should be in sync with c_parser.CParser.precedence
+        # Higher numbers are stronger binding
+        '||': 0,  # weakest binding
+        '&&': 1,
+        '|': 2,
+        '^': 3,
+        '&': 4,
+        '==': 5, '!=': 5,
+        '>': 6, '>=': 6, '<': 6, '<=': 6,
+        '>>': 7, '<<': 7,
+        '+': 8, '-': 8,
+        '*': 9, '/': 9, '%': 9  # strongest binding
+    }
+
+    def visit_BinaryOp(self, n):
+        # Note: all binary operators are left-to-right associative
+        #
+        # If `n.left.op` has a stronger or equally binding precedence in
+        # comparison to `n.op`, no parenthesis are needed for the left:
+        # e.g., `(a*b) + c` is equivalent to `a*b + c`, as well as
+        #       `(a+b) - c` is equivalent to `a+b - c` (same precedence).
+        # If the left operator is weaker binding than the current, then
+        # parentheses are necessary:
+        # e.g., `(a+b) * c` is NOT equivalent to `a+b * c`.
+        lval_str = self._parenthesize_if(
+            n.left,
+            lambda d: not (self._is_simple_node(d) or
+                      self.reduce_parentheses and isinstance(d, c_ast.BinaryOp) and
+                      self.precedence_map[d.op] >= self.precedence_map[n.op]))
+        # If `n.right.op` has a stronger -but not equal- binding precedence,
+        # parenthesis can be omitted on the right:
+        # e.g., `a + (b*c)` is equivalent to `a + b*c`.
+        # If the right operator is weaker or equally binding, then parentheses
+        # are necessary:
+        # e.g., `a * (b+c)` is NOT equivalent to `a * b+c` and
+        #       `a - (b+c)` is NOT equivalent to `a - b+c` (same precedence).
+        rval_str = self._parenthesize_if(
+            n.right,
+            lambda d: not (self._is_simple_node(d) or
+                      self.reduce_parentheses and isinstance(d, c_ast.BinaryOp) and
+                      self.precedence_map[d.op] > self.precedence_map[n.op]))
+        return '%s %s %s' % (lval_str, n.op, rval_str)
+
+    def visit_Assignment(self, n):
+        rval_str = self._parenthesize_if(
+                            n.rvalue,
+                            lambda n: isinstance(n, c_ast.Assignment))
+        return '%s %s %s' % (self.visit(n.lvalue), n.op, rval_str)
+
+    def visit_IdentifierType(self, n):
+        return ' '.join(n.names)
+
+    def _visit_expr(self, n):
+        if isinstance(n, c_ast.InitList):
+            return '{' + self.visit(n) + '}'
+        elif isinstance(n, c_ast.ExprList):
+            return '(' + self.visit(n) + ')'
+        else:
+            return self.visit(n)
+
+    def visit_Decl(self, n, no_type=False):
+        # no_type is used when a Decl is part of a DeclList, where the type is
+        # explicitly only for the first declaration in a list.
+        #
+        s = n.name if no_type else self._generate_decl(n)
+        if n.bitsize: s += ' : ' + self.visit(n.bitsize)
+        if n.init:
+            s += ' = ' + self._visit_expr(n.init)
+        return s
+
+    def visit_DeclList(self, n):
+        s = self.visit(n.decls[0])
+        if len(n.decls) > 1:
+            s += ', ' + ', '.join(self.visit_Decl(decl, no_type=True)
+                                    for decl in n.decls[1:])
+        return s
+
+    def visit_Typedef(self, n):
+        s = ''
+        if n.storage: s += ' '.join(n.storage) + ' '
+        s += self._generate_type(n.type)
+        return s
+
+    def visit_Cast(self, n):
+        s = '(' + self._generate_type(n.to_type, emit_declname=False) + ')'
+        return s + ' ' + self._parenthesize_unless_simple(n.expr)
+
+    def visit_ExprList(self, n):
+        visited_subexprs = []
+        for expr in n.exprs:
+            visited_subexprs.append(self._visit_expr(expr))
+        return ', '.join(visited_subexprs)
+
+    def visit_InitList(self, n):
+        visited_subexprs = []
+        for expr in n.exprs:
+            visited_subexprs.append(self._visit_expr(expr))
+        return ', '.join(visited_subexprs)
+
+    def visit_Enum(self, n):
+        return self._generate_struct_union_enum(n, name='enum')
+
+    def visit_Alignas(self, n):
+        return '_Alignas({})'.format(self.visit(n.alignment))
+
+    def visit_Enumerator(self, n):
+        if not n.value:
+            return '{indent}{name},\n'.format(
+                indent=self._make_indent(),
+                name=n.name,
+            )
+        else:
+            return '{indent}{name} = {value},\n'.format(
+                indent=self._make_indent(),
+                name=n.name,
+                value=self.visit(n.value),
+            )
+
+    def visit_FuncDef(self, n):
+        decl = self.visit(n.decl)
+        self.indent_level = 0
+        body = self.visit(n.body)
+        if n.param_decls:
+            knrdecls = ';\n'.join(self.visit(p) for p in n.param_decls)
+            return decl + '\n' + knrdecls + ';\n' + body + '\n'
+        else:
+            return decl + '\n' + body + '\n'
+
+    def visit_FileAST(self, n):
+        s = ''
+        for ext in n.ext:
+            if isinstance(ext, c_ast.FuncDef):
+                s += self.visit(ext)
+            elif isinstance(ext, c_ast.Pragma):
+                s += self.visit(ext) + '\n'
+            else:
+                s += self.visit(ext) + ';\n'
+        return s
+
+    def visit_Compound(self, n):
+        s = self._make_indent() + '{\n'
+        self.indent_level += 2
+        if n.block_items:
+            s += ''.join(self._generate_stmt(stmt) for stmt in n.block_items)
+        self.indent_level -= 2
+        s += self._make_indent() + '}\n'
+        return s
+
+    def visit_CompoundLiteral(self, n):
+        return '(' + self.visit(n.type) + '){' + self.visit(n.init) + '}'
+
+
+    def visit_EmptyStatement(self, n):
+        return ';'
+
+    def visit_ParamList(self, n):
+        return ', '.join(self.visit(param) for param in n.params)
+
+    def visit_Return(self, n):
+        s = 'return'
+        if n.expr: s += ' ' + self.visit(n.expr)
+        return s + ';'
+
+    def visit_Break(self, n):
+        return 'break;'
+
+    def visit_Continue(self, n):
+        return 'continue;'
+
+    def visit_TernaryOp(self, n):
+        s  = '(' + self._visit_expr(n.cond) + ') ? '
+        s += '(' + self._visit_expr(n.iftrue) + ') : '
+        s += '(' + self._visit_expr(n.iffalse) + ')'
+        return s
+
+    def visit_If(self, n):
+        s = 'if ('
+        if n.cond: s += self.visit(n.cond)
+        s += ')\n'
+        s += self._generate_stmt(n.iftrue, add_indent=True)
+        if n.iffalse:
+            s += self._make_indent() + 'else\n'
+            s += self._generate_stmt(n.iffalse, add_indent=True)
+        return s
+
+    def visit_For(self, n):
+        s = 'for ('
+        if n.init: s += self.visit(n.init)
+        s += ';'
+        if n.cond: s += ' ' + self.visit(n.cond)
+        s += ';'
+        if n.next: s += ' ' + self.visit(n.next)
+        s += ')\n'
+        s += self._generate_stmt(n.stmt, add_indent=True)
+        return s
+
+    def visit_While(self, n):
+        s = 'while ('
+        if n.cond: s += self.visit(n.cond)
+        s += ')\n'
+        s += self._generate_stmt(n.stmt, add_indent=True)
+        return s
+
+    def visit_DoWhile(self, n):
+        s = 'do\n'
+        s += self._generate_stmt(n.stmt, add_indent=True)
+        s += self._make_indent() + 'while ('
+        if n.cond: s += self.visit(n.cond)
+        s += ');'
+        return s
+
+    def visit_StaticAssert(self, n):
+        s = '_Static_assert('
+        s += self.visit(n.cond)
+        if n.message:
+            s += ','
+            s += self.visit(n.message)
+        s += ')'
+        return s
+
+    def visit_Switch(self, n):
+        s = 'switch (' + self.visit(n.cond) + ')\n'
+        s += self._generate_stmt(n.stmt, add_indent=True)
+        return s
+
+    def visit_Case(self, n):
+        s = 'case ' + self.visit(n.expr) + ':\n'
+        for stmt in n.stmts:
+            s += self._generate_stmt(stmt, add_indent=True)
+        return s
+
+    def visit_Default(self, n):
+        s = 'default:\n'
+        for stmt in n.stmts:
+            s += self._generate_stmt(stmt, add_indent=True)
+        return s
+
+    def visit_Label(self, n):
+        return n.name + ':\n' + self._generate_stmt(n.stmt)
+
+    def visit_Goto(self, n):
+        return 'goto ' + n.name + ';'
+
+    def visit_EllipsisParam(self, n):
+        return '...'
+
+    def visit_Struct(self, n):
+        return self._generate_struct_union_enum(n, 'struct')
+
+    def visit_Typename(self, n):
+        return self._generate_type(n.type)
+
+    def visit_Union(self, n):
+        return self._generate_struct_union_enum(n, 'union')
+
+    def visit_NamedInitializer(self, n):
+        s = ''
+        for name in n.name:
+            if isinstance(name, c_ast.ID):
+                s += '.' + name.name
+            else:
+                s += '[' + self.visit(name) + ']'
+        s += ' = ' + self._visit_expr(n.expr)
+        return s
+
+    def visit_FuncDecl(self, n):
+        return self._generate_type(n)
+
+    def visit_ArrayDecl(self, n):
+        return self._generate_type(n, emit_declname=False)
+
+    def visit_TypeDecl(self, n):
+        return self._generate_type(n, emit_declname=False)
+
+    def visit_PtrDecl(self, n):
+        return self._generate_type(n, emit_declname=False)
+
+    def _generate_struct_union_enum(self, n, name):
+        """ Generates code for structs, unions, and enums. name should be
+            'struct', 'union', or 'enum'.
+        """
+        if name in ('struct', 'union'):
+            members = n.decls
+            body_function = self._generate_struct_union_body
+        else:
+            assert name == 'enum'
+            members = None if n.values is None else n.values.enumerators
+            body_function = self._generate_enum_body
+        s = name + ' ' + (n.name or '')
+        if members is not None:
+            # None means no members
+            # Empty sequence means an empty list of members
+            s += '\n'
+            s += self._make_indent()
+            self.indent_level += 2
+            s += '{\n'
+            s += body_function(members)
+            self.indent_level -= 2
+            s += self._make_indent() + '}'
+        return s
+
+    def _generate_struct_union_body(self, members):
+        return ''.join(self._generate_stmt(decl) for decl in members)
+
+    def _generate_enum_body(self, members):
+        # `[:-2] + '\n'` removes the final `,` from the enumerator list
+        return ''.join(self.visit(value) for value in members)[:-2] + '\n'
+
+    def _generate_stmt(self, n, add_indent=False):
+        """ Generation from a statement node. This method exists as a wrapper
+            for individual visit_* methods to handle different treatment of
+            some statements in this context.
+        """
+        typ = type(n)
+        if add_indent: self.indent_level += 2
+        indent = self._make_indent()
+        if add_indent: self.indent_level -= 2
+
+        if typ in (
+                c_ast.Decl, c_ast.Assignment, c_ast.Cast, c_ast.UnaryOp,
+                c_ast.BinaryOp, c_ast.TernaryOp, c_ast.FuncCall, c_ast.ArrayRef,
+                c_ast.StructRef, c_ast.Constant, c_ast.ID, c_ast.Typedef,
+                c_ast.ExprList):
+            # These can also appear in an expression context so no semicolon
+            # is added to them automatically
+            #
+            return indent + self.visit(n) + ';\n'
+        elif typ in (c_ast.Compound,):
+            # No extra indentation required before the opening brace of a
+            # compound - because it consists of multiple lines it has to
+            # compute its own indentation.
+            #
+            return self.visit(n)
+        elif typ in (c_ast.If,):
+            return indent + self.visit(n)
+        else:
+            return indent + self.visit(n) + '\n'
+
+    def _generate_decl(self, n):
+        """ Generation from a Decl node.
+        """
+        s = ''
+        if n.funcspec: s = ' '.join(n.funcspec) + ' '
+        if n.storage: s += ' '.join(n.storage) + ' '
+        if n.align: s += self.visit(n.align[0]) + ' '
+        s += self._generate_type(n.type)
+        return s
+
+    def _generate_type(self, n, modifiers=[], emit_declname = True):
+        """ Recursive generation from a type node. n is the type node.
+            modifiers collects the PtrDecl, ArrayDecl and FuncDecl modifiers
+            encountered on the way down to a TypeDecl, to allow proper
+            generation from it.
+        """
+        typ = type(n)
+        #~ print(n, modifiers)
+
+        if typ == c_ast.TypeDecl:
+            s = ''
+            if n.quals: s += ' '.join(n.quals) + ' '
+            s += self.visit(n.type)
+
+            nstr = n.declname if n.declname and emit_declname else ''
+            # Resolve modifiers.
+            # Wrap in parens to distinguish pointer to array and pointer to
+            # function syntax.
+            #
+            for i, modifier in enumerate(modifiers):
+                if isinstance(modifier, c_ast.ArrayDecl):
+                    if (i != 0 and
+                        isinstance(modifiers[i - 1], c_ast.PtrDecl)):
+                            nstr = '(' + nstr + ')'
+                    nstr += '['
+                    if modifier.dim_quals:
+                        nstr += ' '.join(modifier.dim_quals) + ' '
+                    nstr += self.visit(modifier.dim) + ']'
+                elif isinstance(modifier, c_ast.FuncDecl):
+                    if (i != 0 and
+                        isinstance(modifiers[i - 1], c_ast.PtrDecl)):
+                            nstr = '(' + nstr + ')'
+                    nstr += '(' + self.visit(modifier.args) + ')'
+                elif isinstance(modifier, c_ast.PtrDecl):
+                    if modifier.quals:
+                        nstr = '* %s%s' % (' '.join(modifier.quals),
+                                           ' ' + nstr if nstr else '')
+                    else:
+                        nstr = '*' + nstr
+            if nstr: s += ' ' + nstr
+            return s
+        elif typ == c_ast.Decl:
+            return self._generate_decl(n.type)
+        elif typ == c_ast.Typename:
+            return self._generate_type(n.type, emit_declname = emit_declname)
+        elif typ == c_ast.IdentifierType:
+            return ' '.join(n.names) + ' '
+        elif typ in (c_ast.ArrayDecl, c_ast.PtrDecl, c_ast.FuncDecl):
+            return self._generate_type(n.type, modifiers + [n],
+                                       emit_declname = emit_declname)
+        else:
+            return self.visit(n)
+
+    def _parenthesize_if(self, n, condition):
+        """ Visits 'n' and returns its string representation, parenthesized
+            if the condition function applied to the node returns True.
+        """
+        s = self._visit_expr(n)
+        if condition(n):
+            return '(' + s + ')'
+        else:
+            return s
+
+    def _parenthesize_unless_simple(self, n):
+        """ Common use case for _parenthesize_if
+        """
+        return self._parenthesize_if(n, lambda d: not self._is_simple_node(d))
+
+    def _is_simple_node(self, n):
+        """ Returns True for nodes that are "simple" - i.e. nodes that always
+            have higher precedence than operators.
+        """
+        return isinstance(n, (c_ast.Constant, c_ast.ID, c_ast.ArrayRef,
+                              c_ast.StructRef, c_ast.FuncCall))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_lexer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_lexer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d68d8eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_lexer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,554 @@
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# pycparser: c_lexer.py
+#
+# CLexer class: lexer for the C language
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import re
+
+from .ply import lex
+from .ply.lex import TOKEN
+
+
+class CLexer(object):
+    """ A lexer for the C language. After building it, set the
+        input text with input(), and call token() to get new
+        tokens.
+
+        The public attribute filename can be set to an initial
+        filename, but the lexer will update it upon #line
+        directives.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, error_func, on_lbrace_func, on_rbrace_func,
+                 type_lookup_func):
+        """ Create a new Lexer.
+
+            error_func:
+                An error function. Will be called with an error
+                message, line and column as arguments, in case of
+                an error during lexing.
+
+            on_lbrace_func, on_rbrace_func:
+                Called when an LBRACE or RBRACE is encountered
+                (likely to push/pop type_lookup_func's scope)
+
+            type_lookup_func:
+                A type lookup function. Given a string, it must
+                return True IFF this string is a name of a type
+                that was defined with a typedef earlier.
+        """
+        self.error_func = error_func
+        self.on_lbrace_func = on_lbrace_func
+        self.on_rbrace_func = on_rbrace_func
+        self.type_lookup_func = type_lookup_func
+        self.filename = ''
+
+        # Keeps track of the last token returned from self.token()
+        self.last_token = None
+
+        # Allow either "# line" or "# <num>" to support GCC's
+        # cpp output
+        #
+        self.line_pattern = re.compile(r'([ \t]*line\W)|([ \t]*\d+)')
+        self.pragma_pattern = re.compile(r'[ \t]*pragma\W')
+
+    def build(self, **kwargs):
+        """ Builds the lexer from the specification. Must be
+            called after the lexer object is created.
+
+            This method exists separately, because the PLY
+            manual warns against calling lex.lex inside
+            __init__
+        """
+        self.lexer = lex.lex(object=self, **kwargs)
+
+    def reset_lineno(self):
+        """ Resets the internal line number counter of the lexer.
+        """
+        self.lexer.lineno = 1
+
+    def input(self, text):
+        self.lexer.input(text)
+
+    def token(self):
+        self.last_token = self.lexer.token()
+        return self.last_token
+
+    def find_tok_column(self, token):
+        """ Find the column of the token in its line.
+        """
+        last_cr = self.lexer.lexdata.rfind('\n', 0, token.lexpos)
+        return token.lexpos - last_cr
+
+    ######################--   PRIVATE   --######################
+
+    ##
+    ## Internal auxiliary methods
+    ##
+    def _error(self, msg, token):
+        location = self._make_tok_location(token)
+        self.error_func(msg, location[0], location[1])
+        self.lexer.skip(1)
+
+    def _make_tok_location(self, token):
+        return (token.lineno, self.find_tok_column(token))
+
+    ##
+    ## Reserved keywords
+    ##
+    keywords = (
+        'AUTO', 'BREAK', 'CASE', 'CHAR', 'CONST',
+        'CONTINUE', 'DEFAULT', 'DO', 'DOUBLE', 'ELSE', 'ENUM', 'EXTERN',
+        'FLOAT', 'FOR', 'GOTO', 'IF', 'INLINE', 'INT', 'LONG',
+        'REGISTER', 'OFFSETOF',
+        'RESTRICT', 'RETURN', 'SHORT', 'SIGNED', 'SIZEOF', 'STATIC', 'STRUCT',
+        'SWITCH', 'TYPEDEF', 'UNION', 'UNSIGNED', 'VOID',
+        'VOLATILE', 'WHILE', '__INT128',
+    )
+
+    keywords_new = (
+        '_BOOL', '_COMPLEX',
+        '_NORETURN', '_THREAD_LOCAL', '_STATIC_ASSERT',
+        '_ATOMIC', '_ALIGNOF', '_ALIGNAS',
+        )
+
+    keyword_map = {}
+
+    for keyword in keywords:
+        keyword_map[keyword.lower()] = keyword
+
+    for keyword in keywords_new:
+        keyword_map[keyword[:2].upper() + keyword[2:].lower()] = keyword
+
+    ##
+    ## All the tokens recognized by the lexer
+    ##
+    tokens = keywords + keywords_new + (
+        # Identifiers
+        'ID',
+
+        # Type identifiers (identifiers previously defined as
+        # types with typedef)
+        'TYPEID',
+
+        # constants
+        'INT_CONST_DEC', 'INT_CONST_OCT', 'INT_CONST_HEX', 'INT_CONST_BIN', 'INT_CONST_CHAR',
+        'FLOAT_CONST', 'HEX_FLOAT_CONST',
+        'CHAR_CONST',
+        'WCHAR_CONST',
+        'U8CHAR_CONST',
+        'U16CHAR_CONST',
+        'U32CHAR_CONST',
+
+        # String literals
+        'STRING_LITERAL',
+        'WSTRING_LITERAL',
+        'U8STRING_LITERAL',
+        'U16STRING_LITERAL',
+        'U32STRING_LITERAL',
+
+        # Operators
+        'PLUS', 'MINUS', 'TIMES', 'DIVIDE', 'MOD',
+        'OR', 'AND', 'NOT', 'XOR', 'LSHIFT', 'RSHIFT',
+        'LOR', 'LAND', 'LNOT',
+        'LT', 'LE', 'GT', 'GE', 'EQ', 'NE',
+
+        # Assignment
+        'EQUALS', 'TIMESEQUAL', 'DIVEQUAL', 'MODEQUAL',
+        'PLUSEQUAL', 'MINUSEQUAL',
+        'LSHIFTEQUAL','RSHIFTEQUAL', 'ANDEQUAL', 'XOREQUAL',
+        'OREQUAL',
+
+        # Increment/decrement
+        'PLUSPLUS', 'MINUSMINUS',
+
+        # Structure dereference (->)
+        'ARROW',
+
+        # Conditional operator (?)
+        'CONDOP',
+
+        # Delimiters
+        'LPAREN', 'RPAREN',         # ( )
+        'LBRACKET', 'RBRACKET',     # [ ]
+        'LBRACE', 'RBRACE',         # { }
+        'COMMA', 'PERIOD',          # . ,
+        'SEMI', 'COLON',            # ; :
+
+        # Ellipsis (...)
+        'ELLIPSIS',
+
+        # pre-processor
+        'PPHASH',       # '#'
+        'PPPRAGMA',     # 'pragma'
+        'PPPRAGMASTR',
+    )
+
+    ##
+    ## Regexes for use in tokens
+    ##
+    ##
+
+    # valid C identifiers (K&R2: A.2.3), plus '$' (supported by some compilers)
+    identifier = r'[a-zA-Z_$][0-9a-zA-Z_$]*'
+
+    hex_prefix = '0[xX]'
+    hex_digits = '[0-9a-fA-F]+'
+    bin_prefix = '0[bB]'
+    bin_digits = '[01]+'
+
+    # integer constants (K&R2: A.2.5.1)
+    integer_suffix_opt = r'(([uU]ll)|([uU]LL)|(ll[uU]?)|(LL[uU]?)|([uU][lL])|([lL][uU]?)|[uU])?'
+    decimal_constant = '(0'+integer_suffix_opt+')|([1-9][0-9]*'+integer_suffix_opt+')'
+    octal_constant = '0[0-7]*'+integer_suffix_opt
+    hex_constant = hex_prefix+hex_digits+integer_suffix_opt
+    bin_constant = bin_prefix+bin_digits+integer_suffix_opt
+
+    bad_octal_constant = '0[0-7]*[89]'
+
+    # character constants (K&R2: A.2.5.2)
+    # Note: a-zA-Z and '.-~^_!=&;,' are allowed as escape chars to support #line
+    # directives with Windows paths as filenames (..\..\dir\file)
+    # For the same reason, decimal_escape allows all digit sequences. We want to
+    # parse all correct code, even if it means to sometimes parse incorrect
+    # code.
+    #
+    # The original regexes were taken verbatim from the C syntax definition,
+    # and were later modified to avoid worst-case exponential running time.
+    #
+    #   simple_escape = r"""([a-zA-Z._~!=&\^\-\\?'"])"""
+    #   decimal_escape = r"""(\d+)"""
+    #   hex_escape = r"""(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)"""
+    #   bad_escape = r"""([\\][^a-zA-Z._~^!=&\^\-\\?'"x0-7])"""
+    #
+    # The following modifications were made to avoid the ambiguity that allowed backtracking:
+    # (https://github.com/eliben/pycparser/issues/61)
+    #
+    # - \x was removed from simple_escape, unless it was not followed by a hex digit, to avoid ambiguity with hex_escape.
+    # - hex_escape allows one or more hex characters, but requires that the next character(if any) is not hex
+    # - decimal_escape allows one or more decimal characters, but requires that the next character(if any) is not a decimal
+    # - bad_escape does not allow any decimals (8-9), to avoid conflicting with the permissive decimal_escape.
+    #
+    # Without this change, python's `re` module would recursively try parsing each ambiguous escape sequence in multiple ways.
+    # e.g. `\123` could be parsed as `\1`+`23`, `\12`+`3`, and `\123`.
+
+    simple_escape = r"""([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\^\-\\?'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))"""
+    decimal_escape = r"""(\d+)(?!\d)"""
+    hex_escape = r"""(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F])"""
+    bad_escape = r"""([\\][^a-zA-Z._~^!=&\^\-\\?'"x0-9])"""
+
+    escape_sequence = r"""(\\("""+simple_escape+'|'+decimal_escape+'|'+hex_escape+'))'
+
+    # This complicated regex with lookahead might be slow for strings, so because all of the valid escapes (including \x) allowed
+    # 0 or more non-escaped characters after the first character, simple_escape+decimal_escape+hex_escape got simplified to
+
+    escape_sequence_start_in_string = r"""(\\[0-9a-zA-Z._~!=&\^\-\\?'"])"""
+
+    cconst_char = r"""([^'\\\n]|"""+escape_sequence+')'
+    char_const = "'"+cconst_char+"'"
+    wchar_const = 'L'+char_const
+    u8char_const = 'u8'+char_const
+    u16char_const = 'u'+char_const
+    u32char_const = 'U'+char_const
+    multicharacter_constant = "'"+cconst_char+"{2,4}'"
+    unmatched_quote = "('"+cconst_char+"*\\n)|('"+cconst_char+"*$)"
+    bad_char_const = r"""('"""+cconst_char+"""[^'\n]+')|('')|('"""+bad_escape+r"""[^'\n]*')"""
+
+    # string literals (K&R2: A.2.6)
+    string_char = r"""([^"\\\n]|"""+escape_sequence_start_in_string+')'
+    string_literal = '"'+string_char+'*"'
+    wstring_literal = 'L'+string_literal
+    u8string_literal = 'u8'+string_literal
+    u16string_literal = 'u'+string_literal
+    u32string_literal = 'U'+string_literal
+    bad_string_literal = '"'+string_char+'*'+bad_escape+string_char+'*"'
+
+    # floating constants (K&R2: A.2.5.3)
+    exponent_part = r"""([eE][-+]?[0-9]+)"""
+    fractional_constant = r"""([0-9]*\.[0-9]+)|([0-9]+\.)"""
+    floating_constant = '(((('+fractional_constant+')'+exponent_part+'?)|([0-9]+'+exponent_part+'))[FfLl]?)'
+    binary_exponent_part = r'''([pP][+-]?[0-9]+)'''
+    hex_fractional_constant = '((('+hex_digits+r""")?\."""+hex_digits+')|('+hex_digits+r"""\.))"""
+    hex_floating_constant = '('+hex_prefix+'('+hex_digits+'|'+hex_fractional_constant+')'+binary_exponent_part+'[FfLl]?)'
+
+    ##
+    ## Lexer states: used for preprocessor \n-terminated directives
+    ##
+    states = (
+        # ppline: preprocessor line directives
+        #
+        ('ppline', 'exclusive'),
+
+        # pppragma: pragma
+        #
+        ('pppragma', 'exclusive'),
+    )
+
+    def t_PPHASH(self, t):
+        r'[ \t]*\#'
+        if self.line_pattern.match(t.lexer.lexdata, pos=t.lexer.lexpos):
+            t.lexer.begin('ppline')
+            self.pp_line = self.pp_filename = None
+        elif self.pragma_pattern.match(t.lexer.lexdata, pos=t.lexer.lexpos):
+            t.lexer.begin('pppragma')
+        else:
+            t.type = 'PPHASH'
+            return t
+
+    ##
+    ## Rules for the ppline state
+    ##
+    @TOKEN(string_literal)
+    def t_ppline_FILENAME(self, t):
+        if self.pp_line is None:
+            self._error('filename before line number in #line', t)
+        else:
+            self.pp_filename = t.value.lstrip('"').rstrip('"')
+
+    @TOKEN(decimal_constant)
+    def t_ppline_LINE_NUMBER(self, t):
+        if self.pp_line is None:
+            self.pp_line = t.value
+        else:
+            # Ignore: GCC's cpp sometimes inserts a numeric flag
+            # after the file name
+            pass
+
+    def t_ppline_NEWLINE(self, t):
+        r'\n'
+        if self.pp_line is None:
+            self._error('line number missing in #line', t)
+        else:
+            self.lexer.lineno = int(self.pp_line)
+
+            if self.pp_filename is not None:
+                self.filename = self.pp_filename
+
+        t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+    def t_ppline_PPLINE(self, t):
+        r'line'
+        pass
+
+    t_ppline_ignore = ' \t'
+
+    def t_ppline_error(self, t):
+        self._error('invalid #line directive', t)
+
+    ##
+    ## Rules for the pppragma state
+    ##
+    def t_pppragma_NEWLINE(self, t):
+        r'\n'
+        t.lexer.lineno += 1
+        t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+    def t_pppragma_PPPRAGMA(self, t):
+        r'pragma'
+        return t
+
+    t_pppragma_ignore = ' \t'
+
+    def t_pppragma_STR(self, t):
+        '.+'
+        t.type = 'PPPRAGMASTR'
+        return t
+
+    def t_pppragma_error(self, t):
+        self._error('invalid #pragma directive', t)
+
+    ##
+    ## Rules for the normal state
+    ##
+    t_ignore = ' \t'
+
+    # Newlines
+    def t_NEWLINE(self, t):
+        r'\n+'
+        t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+
+    # Operators
+    t_PLUS              = r'\+'
+    t_MINUS             = r'-'
+    t_TIMES             = r'\*'
+    t_DIVIDE            = r'/'
+    t_MOD               = r'%'
+    t_OR                = r'\|'
+    t_AND               = r'&'
+    t_NOT               = r'~'
+    t_XOR               = r'\^'
+    t_LSHIFT            = r'<<'
+    t_RSHIFT            = r'>>'
+    t_LOR               = r'\|\|'
+    t_LAND              = r'&&'
+    t_LNOT              = r'!'
+    t_LT                = r'<'
+    t_GT                = r'>'
+    t_LE                = r'<='
+    t_GE                = r'>='
+    t_EQ                = r'=='
+    t_NE                = r'!='
+
+    # Assignment operators
+    t_EQUALS            = r'='
+    t_TIMESEQUAL        = r'\*='
+    t_DIVEQUAL          = r'/='
+    t_MODEQUAL          = r'%='
+    t_PLUSEQUAL         = r'\+='
+    t_MINUSEQUAL        = r'-='
+    t_LSHIFTEQUAL       = r'<<='
+    t_RSHIFTEQUAL       = r'>>='
+    t_ANDEQUAL          = r'&='
+    t_OREQUAL           = r'\|='
+    t_XOREQUAL          = r'\^='
+
+    # Increment/decrement
+    t_PLUSPLUS          = r'\+\+'
+    t_MINUSMINUS        = r'--'
+
+    # ->
+    t_ARROW             = r'->'
+
+    # ?
+    t_CONDOP            = r'\?'
+
+    # Delimiters
+    t_LPAREN            = r'\('
+    t_RPAREN            = r'\)'
+    t_LBRACKET          = r'\['
+    t_RBRACKET          = r'\]'
+    t_COMMA             = r','
+    t_PERIOD            = r'\.'
+    t_SEMI              = r';'
+    t_COLON             = r':'
+    t_ELLIPSIS          = r'\.\.\.'
+
+    # Scope delimiters
+    # To see why on_lbrace_func is needed, consider:
+    #   typedef char TT;
+    #   void foo(int TT) { TT = 10; }
+    #   TT x = 5;
+    # Outside the function, TT is a typedef, but inside (starting and ending
+    # with the braces) it's a parameter.  The trouble begins with yacc's
+    # lookahead token.  If we open a new scope in brace_open, then TT has
+    # already been read and incorrectly interpreted as TYPEID.  So, we need
+    # to open and close scopes from within the lexer.
+    # Similar for the TT immediately outside the end of the function.
+    #
+    @TOKEN(r'\{')
+    def t_LBRACE(self, t):
+        self.on_lbrace_func()
+        return t
+    @TOKEN(r'\}')
+    def t_RBRACE(self, t):
+        self.on_rbrace_func()
+        return t
+
+    t_STRING_LITERAL = string_literal
+
+    # The following floating and integer constants are defined as
+    # functions to impose a strict order (otherwise, decimal
+    # is placed before the others because its regex is longer,
+    # and this is bad)
+    #
+    @TOKEN(floating_constant)
+    def t_FLOAT_CONST(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(hex_floating_constant)
+    def t_HEX_FLOAT_CONST(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(hex_constant)
+    def t_INT_CONST_HEX(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(bin_constant)
+    def t_INT_CONST_BIN(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(bad_octal_constant)
+    def t_BAD_CONST_OCT(self, t):
+        msg = "Invalid octal constant"
+        self._error(msg, t)
+
+    @TOKEN(octal_constant)
+    def t_INT_CONST_OCT(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(decimal_constant)
+    def t_INT_CONST_DEC(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    # Must come before bad_char_const, to prevent it from
+    # catching valid char constants as invalid
+    #
+    @TOKEN(multicharacter_constant)
+    def t_INT_CONST_CHAR(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(char_const)
+    def t_CHAR_CONST(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(wchar_const)
+    def t_WCHAR_CONST(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(u8char_const)
+    def t_U8CHAR_CONST(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(u16char_const)
+    def t_U16CHAR_CONST(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(u32char_const)
+    def t_U32CHAR_CONST(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(unmatched_quote)
+    def t_UNMATCHED_QUOTE(self, t):
+        msg = "Unmatched '"
+        self._error(msg, t)
+
+    @TOKEN(bad_char_const)
+    def t_BAD_CHAR_CONST(self, t):
+        msg = "Invalid char constant %s" % t.value
+        self._error(msg, t)
+
+    @TOKEN(wstring_literal)
+    def t_WSTRING_LITERAL(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(u8string_literal)
+    def t_U8STRING_LITERAL(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(u16string_literal)
+    def t_U16STRING_LITERAL(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    @TOKEN(u32string_literal)
+    def t_U32STRING_LITERAL(self, t):
+        return t
+
+    # unmatched string literals are caught by the preprocessor
+
+    @TOKEN(bad_string_literal)
+    def t_BAD_STRING_LITERAL(self, t):
+        msg = "String contains invalid escape code"
+        self._error(msg, t)
+
+    @TOKEN(identifier)
+    def t_ID(self, t):
+        t.type = self.keyword_map.get(t.value, "ID")
+        if t.type == 'ID' and self.type_lookup_func(t.value):
+            t.type = "TYPEID"
+        return t
+
+    def t_error(self, t):
+        msg = 'Illegal character %s' % repr(t.value[0])
+        self._error(msg, t)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_parser.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..640a759
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/c_parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1936 @@
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# pycparser: c_parser.py
+#
+# CParser class: Parser and AST builder for the C language
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from .ply import yacc
+
+from . import c_ast
+from .c_lexer import CLexer
+from .plyparser import PLYParser, ParseError, parameterized, template
+from .ast_transforms import fix_switch_cases, fix_atomic_specifiers
+
+
+@template
+class CParser(PLYParser):
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            lex_optimize=True,
+            lexer=CLexer,
+            lextab='pycparser.lextab',
+            yacc_optimize=True,
+            yacctab='pycparser.yacctab',
+            yacc_debug=False,
+            taboutputdir=''):
+        """ Create a new CParser.
+
+            Some arguments for controlling the debug/optimization
+            level of the parser are provided. The defaults are
+            tuned for release/performance mode.
+            The simple rules for using them are:
+            *) When tweaking CParser/CLexer, set these to False
+            *) When releasing a stable parser, set to True
+
+            lex_optimize:
+                Set to False when you're modifying the lexer.
+                Otherwise, changes in the lexer won't be used, if
+                some lextab.py file exists.
+                When releasing with a stable lexer, set to True
+                to save the re-generation of the lexer table on
+                each run.
+
+            lexer:
+                Set this parameter to define the lexer to use if
+                you're not using the default CLexer.
+
+            lextab:
+                Points to the lex table that's used for optimized
+                mode. Only if you're modifying the lexer and want
+                some tests to avoid re-generating the table, make
+                this point to a local lex table file (that's been
+                earlier generated with lex_optimize=True)
+
+            yacc_optimize:
+                Set to False when you're modifying the parser.
+                Otherwise, changes in the parser won't be used, if
+                some parsetab.py file exists.
+                When releasing with a stable parser, set to True
+                to save the re-generation of the parser table on
+                each run.
+
+            yacctab:
+                Points to the yacc table that's used for optimized
+                mode. Only if you're modifying the parser, make
+                this point to a local yacc table file
+
+            yacc_debug:
+                Generate a parser.out file that explains how yacc
+                built the parsing table from the grammar.
+
+            taboutputdir:
+                Set this parameter to control the location of generated
+                lextab and yacctab files.
+        """
+        self.clex = lexer(
+            error_func=self._lex_error_func,
+            on_lbrace_func=self._lex_on_lbrace_func,
+            on_rbrace_func=self._lex_on_rbrace_func,
+            type_lookup_func=self._lex_type_lookup_func)
+
+        self.clex.build(
+            optimize=lex_optimize,
+            lextab=lextab,
+            outputdir=taboutputdir)
+        self.tokens = self.clex.tokens
+
+        rules_with_opt = [
+            'abstract_declarator',
+            'assignment_expression',
+            'declaration_list',
+            'declaration_specifiers_no_type',
+            'designation',
+            'expression',
+            'identifier_list',
+            'init_declarator_list',
+            'id_init_declarator_list',
+            'initializer_list',
+            'parameter_type_list',
+            'block_item_list',
+            'type_qualifier_list',
+            'struct_declarator_list'
+        ]
+
+        for rule in rules_with_opt:
+            self._create_opt_rule(rule)
+
+        self.cparser = yacc.yacc(
+            module=self,
+            start='translation_unit_or_empty',
+            debug=yacc_debug,
+            optimize=yacc_optimize,
+            tabmodule=yacctab,
+            outputdir=taboutputdir)
+
+        # Stack of scopes for keeping track of symbols. _scope_stack[-1] is
+        # the current (topmost) scope. Each scope is a dictionary that
+        # specifies whether a name is a type. If _scope_stack[n][name] is
+        # True, 'name' is currently a type in the scope. If it's False,
+        # 'name' is used in the scope but not as a type (for instance, if we
+        # saw: int name;
+        # If 'name' is not a key in _scope_stack[n] then 'name' was not defined
+        # in this scope at all.
+        self._scope_stack = [dict()]
+
+        # Keeps track of the last token given to yacc (the lookahead token)
+        self._last_yielded_token = None
+
+    def parse(self, text, filename='', debug=False):
+        """ Parses C code and returns an AST.
+
+            text:
+                A string containing the C source code
+
+            filename:
+                Name of the file being parsed (for meaningful
+                error messages)
+
+            debug:
+                Debug flag to YACC
+        """
+        self.clex.filename = filename
+        self.clex.reset_lineno()
+        self._scope_stack = [dict()]
+        self._last_yielded_token = None
+        return self.cparser.parse(
+                input=text,
+                lexer=self.clex,
+                debug=debug)
+
+    ######################--   PRIVATE   --######################
+
+    def _push_scope(self):
+        self._scope_stack.append(dict())
+
+    def _pop_scope(self):
+        assert len(self._scope_stack) > 1
+        self._scope_stack.pop()
+
+    def _add_typedef_name(self, name, coord):
+        """ Add a new typedef name (ie a TYPEID) to the current scope
+        """
+        if not self._scope_stack[-1].get(name, True):
+            self._parse_error(
+                "Typedef %r previously declared as non-typedef "
+                "in this scope" % name, coord)
+        self._scope_stack[-1][name] = True
+
+    def _add_identifier(self, name, coord):
+        """ Add a new object, function, or enum member name (ie an ID) to the
+            current scope
+        """
+        if self._scope_stack[-1].get(name, False):
+            self._parse_error(
+                "Non-typedef %r previously declared as typedef "
+                "in this scope" % name, coord)
+        self._scope_stack[-1][name] = False
+
+    def _is_type_in_scope(self, name):
+        """ Is *name* a typedef-name in the current scope?
+        """
+        for scope in reversed(self._scope_stack):
+            # If name is an identifier in this scope it shadows typedefs in
+            # higher scopes.
+            in_scope = scope.get(name)
+            if in_scope is not None: return in_scope
+        return False
+
+    def _lex_error_func(self, msg, line, column):
+        self._parse_error(msg, self._coord(line, column))
+
+    def _lex_on_lbrace_func(self):
+        self._push_scope()
+
+    def _lex_on_rbrace_func(self):
+        self._pop_scope()
+
+    def _lex_type_lookup_func(self, name):
+        """ Looks up types that were previously defined with
+            typedef.
+            Passed to the lexer for recognizing identifiers that
+            are types.
+        """
+        is_type = self._is_type_in_scope(name)
+        return is_type
+
+    def _get_yacc_lookahead_token(self):
+        """ We need access to yacc's lookahead token in certain cases.
+            This is the last token yacc requested from the lexer, so we
+            ask the lexer.
+        """
+        return self.clex.last_token
+
+    # To understand what's going on here, read sections A.8.5 and
+    # A.8.6 of K&R2 very carefully.
+    #
+    # A C type consists of a basic type declaration, with a list
+    # of modifiers. For example:
+    #
+    # int *c[5];
+    #
+    # The basic declaration here is 'int c', and the pointer and
+    # the array are the modifiers.
+    #
+    # Basic declarations are represented by TypeDecl (from module c_ast) and the
+    # modifiers are FuncDecl, PtrDecl and ArrayDecl.
+    #
+    # The standard states that whenever a new modifier is parsed, it should be
+    # added to the end of the list of modifiers. For example:
+    #
+    # K&R2 A.8.6.2: Array Declarators
+    #
+    # In a declaration T D where D has the form
+    #   D1 [constant-expression-opt]
+    # and the type of the identifier in the declaration T D1 is
+    # "type-modifier T", the type of the
+    # identifier of D is "type-modifier array of T"
+    #
+    # This is what this method does. The declarator it receives
+    # can be a list of declarators ending with TypeDecl. It
+    # tacks the modifier to the end of this list, just before
+    # the TypeDecl.
+    #
+    # Additionally, the modifier may be a list itself. This is
+    # useful for pointers, that can come as a chain from the rule
+    # p_pointer. In this case, the whole modifier list is spliced
+    # into the new location.
+    def _type_modify_decl(self, decl, modifier):
+        """ Tacks a type modifier on a declarator, and returns
+            the modified declarator.
+
+            Note: the declarator and modifier may be modified
+        """
+        #~ print '****'
+        #~ decl.show(offset=3)
+        #~ modifier.show(offset=3)
+        #~ print '****'
+
+        modifier_head = modifier
+        modifier_tail = modifier
+
+        # The modifier may be a nested list. Reach its tail.
+        while modifier_tail.type:
+            modifier_tail = modifier_tail.type
+
+        # If the decl is a basic type, just tack the modifier onto it.
+        if isinstance(decl, c_ast.TypeDecl):
+            modifier_tail.type = decl
+            return modifier
+        else:
+            # Otherwise, the decl is a list of modifiers. Reach
+            # its tail and splice the modifier onto the tail,
+            # pointing to the underlying basic type.
+            decl_tail = decl
+
+            while not isinstance(decl_tail.type, c_ast.TypeDecl):
+                decl_tail = decl_tail.type
+
+            modifier_tail.type = decl_tail.type
+            decl_tail.type = modifier_head
+            return decl
+
+    # Due to the order in which declarators are constructed,
+    # they have to be fixed in order to look like a normal AST.
+    #
+    # When a declaration arrives from syntax construction, it has
+    # these problems:
+    # * The innermost TypeDecl has no type (because the basic
+    #   type is only known at the uppermost declaration level)
+    # * The declaration has no variable name, since that is saved
+    #   in the innermost TypeDecl
+    # * The typename of the declaration is a list of type
+    #   specifiers, and not a node. Here, basic identifier types
+    #   should be separated from more complex types like enums
+    #   and structs.
+    #
+    # This method fixes these problems.
+    def _fix_decl_name_type(self, decl, typename):
+        """ Fixes a declaration. Modifies decl.
+        """
+        # Reach the underlying basic type
+        #
+        type = decl
+        while not isinstance(type, c_ast.TypeDecl):
+            type = type.type
+
+        decl.name = type.declname
+        type.quals = decl.quals[:]
+
+        # The typename is a list of types. If any type in this
+        # list isn't an IdentifierType, it must be the only
+        # type in the list (it's illegal to declare "int enum ..")
+        # If all the types are basic, they're collected in the
+        # IdentifierType holder.
+        for tn in typename:
+            if not isinstance(tn, c_ast.IdentifierType):
+                if len(typename) > 1:
+                    self._parse_error(
+                        "Invalid multiple types specified", tn.coord)
+                else:
+                    type.type = tn
+                    return decl
+
+        if not typename:
+            # Functions default to returning int
+            #
+            if not isinstance(decl.type, c_ast.FuncDecl):
+                self._parse_error(
+                        "Missing type in declaration", decl.coord)
+            type.type = c_ast.IdentifierType(
+                    ['int'],
+                    coord=decl.coord)
+        else:
+            # At this point, we know that typename is a list of IdentifierType
+            # nodes. Concatenate all the names into a single list.
+            #
+            type.type = c_ast.IdentifierType(
+                [name for id in typename for name in id.names],
+                coord=typename[0].coord)
+        return decl
+
+    def _add_declaration_specifier(self, declspec, newspec, kind, append=False):
+        """ Declaration specifiers are represented by a dictionary
+            with the entries:
+            * qual: a list of type qualifiers
+            * storage: a list of storage type qualifiers
+            * type: a list of type specifiers
+            * function: a list of function specifiers
+            * alignment: a list of alignment specifiers
+
+            This method is given a declaration specifier, and a
+            new specifier of a given kind.
+            If `append` is True, the new specifier is added to the end of
+            the specifiers list, otherwise it's added at the beginning.
+            Returns the declaration specifier, with the new
+            specifier incorporated.
+        """
+        spec = declspec or dict(qual=[], storage=[], type=[], function=[], alignment=[])
+
+        if append:
+            spec[kind].append(newspec)
+        else:
+            spec[kind].insert(0, newspec)
+
+        return spec
+
+    def _build_declarations(self, spec, decls, typedef_namespace=False):
+        """ Builds a list of declarations all sharing the given specifiers.
+            If typedef_namespace is true, each declared name is added
+            to the "typedef namespace", which also includes objects,
+            functions, and enum constants.
+        """
+        is_typedef = 'typedef' in spec['storage']
+        declarations = []
+
+        # Bit-fields are allowed to be unnamed.
+        if decls[0].get('bitsize') is not None:
+            pass
+
+        # When redeclaring typedef names as identifiers in inner scopes, a
+        # problem can occur where the identifier gets grouped into
+        # spec['type'], leaving decl as None.  This can only occur for the
+        # first declarator.
+        elif decls[0]['decl'] is None:
+            if len(spec['type']) < 2 or len(spec['type'][-1].names) != 1 or \
+                    not self._is_type_in_scope(spec['type'][-1].names[0]):
+                coord = '?'
+                for t in spec['type']:
+                    if hasattr(t, 'coord'):
+                        coord = t.coord
+                        break
+                self._parse_error('Invalid declaration', coord)
+
+            # Make this look as if it came from "direct_declarator:ID"
+            decls[0]['decl'] = c_ast.TypeDecl(
+                declname=spec['type'][-1].names[0],
+                type=None,
+                quals=None,
+                align=spec['alignment'],
+                coord=spec['type'][-1].coord)
+            # Remove the "new" type's name from the end of spec['type']
+            del spec['type'][-1]
+
+        # A similar problem can occur where the declaration ends up looking
+        # like an abstract declarator.  Give it a name if this is the case.
+        elif not isinstance(decls[0]['decl'], (
+                c_ast.Enum, c_ast.Struct, c_ast.Union, c_ast.IdentifierType)):
+            decls_0_tail = decls[0]['decl']
+            while not isinstance(decls_0_tail, c_ast.TypeDecl):
+                decls_0_tail = decls_0_tail.type
+            if decls_0_tail.declname is None:
+                decls_0_tail.declname = spec['type'][-1].names[0]
+                del spec['type'][-1]
+
+        for decl in decls:
+            assert decl['decl'] is not None
+            if is_typedef:
+                declaration = c_ast.Typedef(
+                    name=None,
+                    quals=spec['qual'],
+                    storage=spec['storage'],
+                    type=decl['decl'],
+                    coord=decl['decl'].coord)
+            else:
+                declaration = c_ast.Decl(
+                    name=None,
+                    quals=spec['qual'],
+                    align=spec['alignment'],
+                    storage=spec['storage'],
+                    funcspec=spec['function'],
+                    type=decl['decl'],
+                    init=decl.get('init'),
+                    bitsize=decl.get('bitsize'),
+                    coord=decl['decl'].coord)
+
+            if isinstance(declaration.type, (
+                    c_ast.Enum, c_ast.Struct, c_ast.Union,
+                    c_ast.IdentifierType)):
+                fixed_decl = declaration
+            else:
+                fixed_decl = self._fix_decl_name_type(declaration, spec['type'])
+
+            # Add the type name defined by typedef to a
+            # symbol table (for usage in the lexer)
+            if typedef_namespace:
+                if is_typedef:
+                    self._add_typedef_name(fixed_decl.name, fixed_decl.coord)
+                else:
+                    self._add_identifier(fixed_decl.name, fixed_decl.coord)
+
+            fixed_decl = fix_atomic_specifiers(fixed_decl)
+            declarations.append(fixed_decl)
+
+        return declarations
+
+    def _build_function_definition(self, spec, decl, param_decls, body):
+        """ Builds a function definition.
+        """
+        if 'typedef' in spec['storage']:
+            self._parse_error("Invalid typedef", decl.coord)
+
+        declaration = self._build_declarations(
+            spec=spec,
+            decls=[dict(decl=decl, init=None)],
+            typedef_namespace=True)[0]
+
+        return c_ast.FuncDef(
+            decl=declaration,
+            param_decls=param_decls,
+            body=body,
+            coord=decl.coord)
+
+    def _select_struct_union_class(self, token):
+        """ Given a token (either STRUCT or UNION), selects the
+            appropriate AST class.
+        """
+        if token == 'struct':
+            return c_ast.Struct
+        else:
+            return c_ast.Union
+
+    ##
+    ## Precedence and associativity of operators
+    ##
+    # If this changes, c_generator.CGenerator.precedence_map needs to change as
+    # well
+    precedence = (
+        ('left', 'LOR'),
+        ('left', 'LAND'),
+        ('left', 'OR'),
+        ('left', 'XOR'),
+        ('left', 'AND'),
+        ('left', 'EQ', 'NE'),
+        ('left', 'GT', 'GE', 'LT', 'LE'),
+        ('left', 'RSHIFT', 'LSHIFT'),
+        ('left', 'PLUS', 'MINUS'),
+        ('left', 'TIMES', 'DIVIDE', 'MOD')
+    )
+
+    ##
+    ## Grammar productions
+    ## Implementation of the BNF defined in K&R2 A.13
+    ##
+
+    # Wrapper around a translation unit, to allow for empty input.
+    # Not strictly part of the C99 Grammar, but useful in practice.
+    def p_translation_unit_or_empty(self, p):
+        """ translation_unit_or_empty   : translation_unit
+                                        | empty
+        """
+        if p[1] is None:
+            p[0] = c_ast.FileAST([])
+        else:
+            p[0] = c_ast.FileAST(p[1])
+
+    def p_translation_unit_1(self, p):
+        """ translation_unit    : external_declaration
+        """
+        # Note: external_declaration is already a list
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_translation_unit_2(self, p):
+        """ translation_unit    : translation_unit external_declaration
+        """
+        p[1].extend(p[2])
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    # Declarations always come as lists (because they can be
+    # several in one line), so we wrap the function definition
+    # into a list as well, to make the return value of
+    # external_declaration homogeneous.
+    def p_external_declaration_1(self, p):
+        """ external_declaration    : function_definition
+        """
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+    def p_external_declaration_2(self, p):
+        """ external_declaration    : declaration
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_external_declaration_3(self, p):
+        """ external_declaration    : pp_directive
+                                    | pppragma_directive
+        """
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+    def p_external_declaration_4(self, p):
+        """ external_declaration    : SEMI
+        """
+        p[0] = []
+
+    def p_external_declaration_5(self, p):
+        """ external_declaration    : static_assert
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_static_assert_declaration(self, p):
+        """ static_assert           : _STATIC_ASSERT LPAREN constant_expression COMMA unified_string_literal RPAREN
+                                    | _STATIC_ASSERT LPAREN constant_expression RPAREN
+        """
+        if len(p) == 5:
+            p[0] = [c_ast.StaticAssert(p[3], None, self._token_coord(p, 1))]
+        else:
+            p[0] = [c_ast.StaticAssert(p[3], p[5], self._token_coord(p, 1))]
+
+    def p_pp_directive(self, p):
+        """ pp_directive  : PPHASH
+        """
+        self._parse_error('Directives not supported yet',
+                          self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_pppragma_directive(self, p):
+        """ pppragma_directive      : PPPRAGMA
+                                    | PPPRAGMA PPPRAGMASTR
+        """
+        if len(p) == 3:
+            p[0] = c_ast.Pragma(p[2], self._token_coord(p, 2))
+        else:
+            p[0] = c_ast.Pragma("", self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    # In function definitions, the declarator can be followed by
+    # a declaration list, for old "K&R style" function definitios.
+    def p_function_definition_1(self, p):
+        """ function_definition : id_declarator declaration_list_opt compound_statement
+        """
+        # no declaration specifiers - 'int' becomes the default type
+        spec = dict(
+            qual=[],
+            alignment=[],
+            storage=[],
+            type=[c_ast.IdentifierType(['int'],
+                                       coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))],
+            function=[])
+
+        p[0] = self._build_function_definition(
+            spec=spec,
+            decl=p[1],
+            param_decls=p[2],
+            body=p[3])
+
+    def p_function_definition_2(self, p):
+        """ function_definition : declaration_specifiers id_declarator declaration_list_opt compound_statement
+        """
+        spec = p[1]
+
+        p[0] = self._build_function_definition(
+            spec=spec,
+            decl=p[2],
+            param_decls=p[3],
+            body=p[4])
+
+    # Note, according to C18 A.2.2 6.7.10 static_assert-declaration _Static_assert
+    # is a declaration, not a statement. We additionally recognise it as a statement
+    # to fix parsing of _Static_assert inside the functions.
+    #
+    def p_statement(self, p):
+        """ statement   : labeled_statement
+                        | expression_statement
+                        | compound_statement
+                        | selection_statement
+                        | iteration_statement
+                        | jump_statement
+                        | pppragma_directive
+                        | static_assert
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    # A pragma is generally considered a decorator rather than an actual
+    # statement. Still, for the purposes of analyzing an abstract syntax tree of
+    # C code, pragma's should not be ignored and were previously treated as a
+    # statement. This presents a problem for constructs that take a statement
+    # such as labeled_statements, selection_statements, and
+    # iteration_statements, causing a misleading structure in the AST. For
+    # example, consider the following C code.
+    #
+    #   for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+    #       #pragma omp critical
+    #       sum += 1;
+    #
+    # This code will compile and execute "sum += 1;" as the body of the for
+    # loop. Previous implementations of PyCParser would render the AST for this
+    # block of code as follows:
+    #
+    #   For:
+    #     DeclList:
+    #       Decl: i, [], [], []
+    #         TypeDecl: i, []
+    #           IdentifierType: ['int']
+    #         Constant: int, 0
+    #     BinaryOp: <
+    #       ID: i
+    #       Constant: int, 3
+    #     UnaryOp: p++
+    #       ID: i
+    #     Pragma: omp critical
+    #   Assignment: +=
+    #     ID: sum
+    #     Constant: int, 1
+    #
+    # This AST misleadingly takes the Pragma as the body of the loop and the
+    # assignment then becomes a sibling of the loop.
+    #
+    # To solve edge cases like these, the pragmacomp_or_statement rule groups
+    # a pragma and its following statement (which would otherwise be orphaned)
+    # using a compound block, effectively turning the above code into:
+    #
+    #   for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+    #       #pragma omp critical
+    #       sum += 1;
+    #   }
+    def p_pragmacomp_or_statement(self, p):
+        """ pragmacomp_or_statement     : pppragma_directive statement
+                                        | statement
+        """
+        if isinstance(p[1], c_ast.Pragma) and len(p) == 3:
+            p[0] = c_ast.Compound(
+                block_items=[p[1], p[2]],
+                coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))
+        else:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    # In C, declarations can come several in a line:
+    #   int x, *px, romulo = 5;
+    #
+    # However, for the AST, we will split them to separate Decl
+    # nodes.
+    #
+    # This rule splits its declarations and always returns a list
+    # of Decl nodes, even if it's one element long.
+    #
+    def p_decl_body(self, p):
+        """ decl_body : declaration_specifiers init_declarator_list_opt
+                      | declaration_specifiers_no_type id_init_declarator_list_opt
+        """
+        spec = p[1]
+
+        # p[2] (init_declarator_list_opt) is either a list or None
+        #
+        if p[2] is None:
+            # By the standard, you must have at least one declarator unless
+            # declaring a structure tag, a union tag, or the members of an
+            # enumeration.
+            #
+            ty = spec['type']
+            s_u_or_e = (c_ast.Struct, c_ast.Union, c_ast.Enum)
+            if len(ty) == 1 and isinstance(ty[0], s_u_or_e):
+                decls = [c_ast.Decl(
+                    name=None,
+                    quals=spec['qual'],
+                    align=spec['alignment'],
+                    storage=spec['storage'],
+                    funcspec=spec['function'],
+                    type=ty[0],
+                    init=None,
+                    bitsize=None,
+                    coord=ty[0].coord)]
+
+            # However, this case can also occur on redeclared identifiers in
+            # an inner scope.  The trouble is that the redeclared type's name
+            # gets grouped into declaration_specifiers; _build_declarations
+            # compensates for this.
+            #
+            else:
+                decls = self._build_declarations(
+                    spec=spec,
+                    decls=[dict(decl=None, init=None)],
+                    typedef_namespace=True)
+
+        else:
+            decls = self._build_declarations(
+                spec=spec,
+                decls=p[2],
+                typedef_namespace=True)
+
+        p[0] = decls
+
+    # The declaration has been split to a decl_body sub-rule and
+    # SEMI, because having them in a single rule created a problem
+    # for defining typedefs.
+    #
+    # If a typedef line was directly followed by a line using the
+    # type defined with the typedef, the type would not be
+    # recognized. This is because to reduce the declaration rule,
+    # the parser's lookahead asked for the token after SEMI, which
+    # was the type from the next line, and the lexer had no chance
+    # to see the updated type symbol table.
+    #
+    # Splitting solves this problem, because after seeing SEMI,
+    # the parser reduces decl_body, which actually adds the new
+    # type into the table to be seen by the lexer before the next
+    # line is reached.
+    def p_declaration(self, p):
+        """ declaration : decl_body SEMI
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    # Since each declaration is a list of declarations, this
+    # rule will combine all the declarations and return a single
+    # list
+    #
+    def p_declaration_list(self, p):
+        """ declaration_list    : declaration
+                                | declaration_list declaration
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1] if len(p) == 2 else p[1] + p[2]
+
+    # To know when declaration-specifiers end and declarators begin,
+    # we require declaration-specifiers to have at least one
+    # type-specifier, and disallow typedef-names after we've seen any
+    # type-specifier. These are both required by the spec.
+    #
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_1(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers_no_type  : type_qualifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[2], p[1], 'qual')
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_2(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers_no_type  : storage_class_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[2], p[1], 'storage')
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_3(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers_no_type  : function_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[2], p[1], 'function')
+
+    # Without this, `typedef _Atomic(T) U` will parse incorrectly because the
+    # _Atomic qualifier will match, instead of the specifier.
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_4(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers_no_type  : atomic_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[2], p[1], 'type')
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_5(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers_no_type  : alignment_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[2], p[1], 'alignment')
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_1(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers type_qualifier
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[1], p[2], 'qual', append=True)
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_2(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers storage_class_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[1], p[2], 'storage', append=True)
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_3(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers function_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[1], p[2], 'function', append=True)
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_4(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers type_specifier_no_typeid
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[1], p[2], 'type', append=True)
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_5(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers  : type_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(None, p[1], 'type')
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_6(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers_no_type type_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[1], p[2], 'type', append=True)
+
+    def p_declaration_specifiers_7(self, p):
+        """ declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers alignment_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[1], p[2], 'alignment', append=True)
+
+    def p_storage_class_specifier(self, p):
+        """ storage_class_specifier : AUTO
+                                    | REGISTER
+                                    | STATIC
+                                    | EXTERN
+                                    | TYPEDEF
+                                    | _THREAD_LOCAL
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_function_specifier(self, p):
+        """ function_specifier  : INLINE
+                                | _NORETURN
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_type_specifier_no_typeid(self, p):
+        """ type_specifier_no_typeid  : VOID
+                                      | _BOOL
+                                      | CHAR
+                                      | SHORT
+                                      | INT
+                                      | LONG
+                                      | FLOAT
+                                      | DOUBLE
+                                      | _COMPLEX
+                                      | SIGNED
+                                      | UNSIGNED
+                                      | __INT128
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.IdentifierType([p[1]], coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_type_specifier(self, p):
+        """ type_specifier  : typedef_name
+                            | enum_specifier
+                            | struct_or_union_specifier
+                            | type_specifier_no_typeid
+                            | atomic_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    # See section 6.7.2.4 of the C11 standard.
+    def p_atomic_specifier(self, p):
+        """ atomic_specifier  : _ATOMIC LPAREN type_name RPAREN
+        """
+        typ = p[3]
+        typ.quals.append('_Atomic')
+        p[0] = typ
+
+    def p_type_qualifier(self, p):
+        """ type_qualifier  : CONST
+                            | RESTRICT
+                            | VOLATILE
+                            | _ATOMIC
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_init_declarator_list(self, p):
+        """ init_declarator_list    : init_declarator
+                                    | init_declarator_list COMMA init_declarator
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1] + [p[3]] if len(p) == 4 else [p[1]]
+
+    # Returns a {decl=<declarator> : init=<initializer>} dictionary
+    # If there's no initializer, uses None
+    #
+    def p_init_declarator(self, p):
+        """ init_declarator : declarator
+                            | declarator EQUALS initializer
+        """
+        p[0] = dict(decl=p[1], init=(p[3] if len(p) > 2 else None))
+
+    def p_id_init_declarator_list(self, p):
+        """ id_init_declarator_list    : id_init_declarator
+                                       | id_init_declarator_list COMMA init_declarator
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1] + [p[3]] if len(p) == 4 else [p[1]]
+
+    def p_id_init_declarator(self, p):
+        """ id_init_declarator : id_declarator
+                               | id_declarator EQUALS initializer
+        """
+        p[0] = dict(decl=p[1], init=(p[3] if len(p) > 2 else None))
+
+    # Require at least one type specifier in a specifier-qualifier-list
+    #
+    def p_specifier_qualifier_list_1(self, p):
+        """ specifier_qualifier_list    : specifier_qualifier_list type_specifier_no_typeid
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[1], p[2], 'type', append=True)
+
+    def p_specifier_qualifier_list_2(self, p):
+        """ specifier_qualifier_list    : specifier_qualifier_list type_qualifier
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[1], p[2], 'qual', append=True)
+
+    def p_specifier_qualifier_list_3(self, p):
+        """ specifier_qualifier_list  : type_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(None, p[1], 'type')
+
+    def p_specifier_qualifier_list_4(self, p):
+        """ specifier_qualifier_list  : type_qualifier_list type_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = dict(qual=p[1], alignment=[], storage=[], type=[p[2]], function=[])
+
+    def p_specifier_qualifier_list_5(self, p):
+        """ specifier_qualifier_list  : alignment_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = dict(qual=[], alignment=[p[1]], storage=[], type=[], function=[])
+
+    def p_specifier_qualifier_list_6(self, p):
+        """ specifier_qualifier_list  : specifier_qualifier_list alignment_specifier
+        """
+        p[0] = self._add_declaration_specifier(p[1], p[2], 'alignment')
+
+    # TYPEID is allowed here (and in other struct/enum related tag names), because
+    # struct/enum tags reside in their own namespace and can be named the same as types
+    #
+    def p_struct_or_union_specifier_1(self, p):
+        """ struct_or_union_specifier   : struct_or_union ID
+                                        | struct_or_union TYPEID
+        """
+        klass = self._select_struct_union_class(p[1])
+        # None means no list of members
+        p[0] = klass(
+            name=p[2],
+            decls=None,
+            coord=self._token_coord(p, 2))
+
+    def p_struct_or_union_specifier_2(self, p):
+        """ struct_or_union_specifier : struct_or_union brace_open struct_declaration_list brace_close
+                                      | struct_or_union brace_open brace_close
+        """
+        klass = self._select_struct_union_class(p[1])
+        if len(p) == 4:
+            # Empty sequence means an empty list of members
+            p[0] = klass(
+                name=None,
+                decls=[],
+                coord=self._token_coord(p, 2))
+        else:
+            p[0] = klass(
+                name=None,
+                decls=p[3],
+                coord=self._token_coord(p, 2))
+
+
+    def p_struct_or_union_specifier_3(self, p):
+        """ struct_or_union_specifier   : struct_or_union ID brace_open struct_declaration_list brace_close
+                                        | struct_or_union ID brace_open brace_close
+                                        | struct_or_union TYPEID brace_open struct_declaration_list brace_close
+                                        | struct_or_union TYPEID brace_open brace_close
+        """
+        klass = self._select_struct_union_class(p[1])
+        if len(p) == 5:
+            # Empty sequence means an empty list of members
+            p[0] = klass(
+                name=p[2],
+                decls=[],
+                coord=self._token_coord(p, 2))
+        else:
+            p[0] = klass(
+                name=p[2],
+                decls=p[4],
+                coord=self._token_coord(p, 2))
+
+    def p_struct_or_union(self, p):
+        """ struct_or_union : STRUCT
+                            | UNION
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    # Combine all declarations into a single list
+    #
+    def p_struct_declaration_list(self, p):
+        """ struct_declaration_list     : struct_declaration
+                                        | struct_declaration_list struct_declaration
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2:
+            p[0] = p[1] or []
+        else:
+            p[0] = p[1] + (p[2] or [])
+
+    def p_struct_declaration_1(self, p):
+        """ struct_declaration : specifier_qualifier_list struct_declarator_list_opt SEMI
+        """
+        spec = p[1]
+        assert 'typedef' not in spec['storage']
+
+        if p[2] is not None:
+            decls = self._build_declarations(
+                spec=spec,
+                decls=p[2])
+
+        elif len(spec['type']) == 1:
+            # Anonymous struct/union, gcc extension, C1x feature.
+            # Although the standard only allows structs/unions here, I see no
+            # reason to disallow other types since some compilers have typedefs
+            # here, and pycparser isn't about rejecting all invalid code.
+            #
+            node = spec['type'][0]
+            if isinstance(node, c_ast.Node):
+                decl_type = node
+            else:
+                decl_type = c_ast.IdentifierType(node)
+
+            decls = self._build_declarations(
+                spec=spec,
+                decls=[dict(decl=decl_type)])
+
+        else:
+            # Structure/union members can have the same names as typedefs.
+            # The trouble is that the member's name gets grouped into
+            # specifier_qualifier_list; _build_declarations compensates.
+            #
+            decls = self._build_declarations(
+                spec=spec,
+                decls=[dict(decl=None, init=None)])
+
+        p[0] = decls
+
+    def p_struct_declaration_2(self, p):
+        """ struct_declaration : SEMI
+        """
+        p[0] = None
+
+    def p_struct_declaration_3(self, p):
+        """ struct_declaration : pppragma_directive
+        """
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+    def p_struct_declarator_list(self, p):
+        """ struct_declarator_list  : struct_declarator
+                                    | struct_declarator_list COMMA struct_declarator
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1] + [p[3]] if len(p) == 4 else [p[1]]
+
+    # struct_declarator passes up a dict with the keys: decl (for
+    # the underlying declarator) and bitsize (for the bitsize)
+    #
+    def p_struct_declarator_1(self, p):
+        """ struct_declarator : declarator
+        """
+        p[0] = {'decl': p[1], 'bitsize': None}
+
+    def p_struct_declarator_2(self, p):
+        """ struct_declarator   : declarator COLON constant_expression
+                                | COLON constant_expression
+        """
+        if len(p) > 3:
+            p[0] = {'decl': p[1], 'bitsize': p[3]}
+        else:
+            p[0] = {'decl': c_ast.TypeDecl(None, None, None, None), 'bitsize': p[2]}
+
+    def p_enum_specifier_1(self, p):
+        """ enum_specifier  : ENUM ID
+                            | ENUM TYPEID
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Enum(p[2], None, self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_enum_specifier_2(self, p):
+        """ enum_specifier  : ENUM brace_open enumerator_list brace_close
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Enum(None, p[3], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_enum_specifier_3(self, p):
+        """ enum_specifier  : ENUM ID brace_open enumerator_list brace_close
+                            | ENUM TYPEID brace_open enumerator_list brace_close
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Enum(p[2], p[4], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_enumerator_list(self, p):
+        """ enumerator_list : enumerator
+                            | enumerator_list COMMA
+                            | enumerator_list COMMA enumerator
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2:
+            p[0] = c_ast.EnumeratorList([p[1]], p[1].coord)
+        elif len(p) == 3:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+        else:
+            p[1].enumerators.append(p[3])
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_alignment_specifier(self, p):
+        """ alignment_specifier  : _ALIGNAS LPAREN type_name RPAREN
+                                 | _ALIGNAS LPAREN constant_expression RPAREN
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Alignas(p[3], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_enumerator(self, p):
+        """ enumerator  : ID
+                        | ID EQUALS constant_expression
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2:
+            enumerator = c_ast.Enumerator(
+                        p[1], None,
+                        self._token_coord(p, 1))
+        else:
+            enumerator = c_ast.Enumerator(
+                        p[1], p[3],
+                        self._token_coord(p, 1))
+        self._add_identifier(enumerator.name, enumerator.coord)
+
+        p[0] = enumerator
+
+    def p_declarator(self, p):
+        """ declarator  : id_declarator
+                        | typeid_declarator
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    @parameterized(('id', 'ID'), ('typeid', 'TYPEID'), ('typeid_noparen', 'TYPEID'))
+    def p_xxx_declarator_1(self, p):
+        """ xxx_declarator  : direct_xxx_declarator
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    @parameterized(('id', 'ID'), ('typeid', 'TYPEID'), ('typeid_noparen', 'TYPEID'))
+    def p_xxx_declarator_2(self, p):
+        """ xxx_declarator  : pointer direct_xxx_declarator
+        """
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(p[2], p[1])
+
+    @parameterized(('id', 'ID'), ('typeid', 'TYPEID'), ('typeid_noparen', 'TYPEID'))
+    def p_direct_xxx_declarator_1(self, p):
+        """ direct_xxx_declarator   : yyy
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.TypeDecl(
+            declname=p[1],
+            type=None,
+            quals=None,
+            align=None,
+            coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    @parameterized(('id', 'ID'), ('typeid', 'TYPEID'))
+    def p_direct_xxx_declarator_2(self, p):
+        """ direct_xxx_declarator   : LPAREN xxx_declarator RPAREN
+        """
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    @parameterized(('id', 'ID'), ('typeid', 'TYPEID'), ('typeid_noparen', 'TYPEID'))
+    def p_direct_xxx_declarator_3(self, p):
+        """ direct_xxx_declarator   : direct_xxx_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET
+        """
+        quals = (p[3] if len(p) > 5 else []) or []
+        # Accept dimension qualifiers
+        # Per C99 6.7.5.3 p7
+        arr = c_ast.ArrayDecl(
+            type=None,
+            dim=p[4] if len(p) > 5 else p[3],
+            dim_quals=quals,
+            coord=p[1].coord)
+
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(decl=p[1], modifier=arr)
+
+    @parameterized(('id', 'ID'), ('typeid', 'TYPEID'), ('typeid_noparen', 'TYPEID'))
+    def p_direct_xxx_declarator_4(self, p):
+        """ direct_xxx_declarator   : direct_xxx_declarator LBRACKET STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression RBRACKET
+                                    | direct_xxx_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression RBRACKET
+        """
+        # Using slice notation for PLY objects doesn't work in Python 3 for the
+        # version of PLY embedded with pycparser; see PLY Google Code issue 30.
+        # Work around that here by listing the two elements separately.
+        listed_quals = [item if isinstance(item, list) else [item]
+            for item in [p[3],p[4]]]
+        dim_quals = [qual for sublist in listed_quals for qual in sublist
+            if qual is not None]
+        arr = c_ast.ArrayDecl(
+            type=None,
+            dim=p[5],
+            dim_quals=dim_quals,
+            coord=p[1].coord)
+
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(decl=p[1], modifier=arr)
+
+    # Special for VLAs
+    #
+    @parameterized(('id', 'ID'), ('typeid', 'TYPEID'), ('typeid_noparen', 'TYPEID'))
+    def p_direct_xxx_declarator_5(self, p):
+        """ direct_xxx_declarator   : direct_xxx_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt TIMES RBRACKET
+        """
+        arr = c_ast.ArrayDecl(
+            type=None,
+            dim=c_ast.ID(p[4], self._token_coord(p, 4)),
+            dim_quals=p[3] if p[3] is not None else [],
+            coord=p[1].coord)
+
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(decl=p[1], modifier=arr)
+
+    @parameterized(('id', 'ID'), ('typeid', 'TYPEID'), ('typeid_noparen', 'TYPEID'))
+    def p_direct_xxx_declarator_6(self, p):
+        """ direct_xxx_declarator   : direct_xxx_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list RPAREN
+                                    | direct_xxx_declarator LPAREN identifier_list_opt RPAREN
+        """
+        func = c_ast.FuncDecl(
+            args=p[3],
+            type=None,
+            coord=p[1].coord)
+
+        # To see why _get_yacc_lookahead_token is needed, consider:
+        #   typedef char TT;
+        #   void foo(int TT) { TT = 10; }
+        # Outside the function, TT is a typedef, but inside (starting and
+        # ending with the braces) it's a parameter.  The trouble begins with
+        # yacc's lookahead token.  We don't know if we're declaring or
+        # defining a function until we see LBRACE, but if we wait for yacc to
+        # trigger a rule on that token, then TT will have already been read
+        # and incorrectly interpreted as TYPEID.  We need to add the
+        # parameters to the scope the moment the lexer sees LBRACE.
+        #
+        if self._get_yacc_lookahead_token().type == "LBRACE":
+            if func.args is not None:
+                for param in func.args.params:
+                    if isinstance(param, c_ast.EllipsisParam): break
+                    self._add_identifier(param.name, param.coord)
+
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(decl=p[1], modifier=func)
+
+    def p_pointer(self, p):
+        """ pointer : TIMES type_qualifier_list_opt
+                    | TIMES type_qualifier_list_opt pointer
+        """
+        coord = self._token_coord(p, 1)
+        # Pointer decls nest from inside out. This is important when different
+        # levels have different qualifiers. For example:
+        #
+        #  char * const * p;
+        #
+        # Means "pointer to const pointer to char"
+        #
+        # While:
+        #
+        #  char ** const p;
+        #
+        # Means "const pointer to pointer to char"
+        #
+        # So when we construct PtrDecl nestings, the leftmost pointer goes in
+        # as the most nested type.
+        nested_type = c_ast.PtrDecl(quals=p[2] or [], type=None, coord=coord)
+        if len(p) > 3:
+            tail_type = p[3]
+            while tail_type.type is not None:
+                tail_type = tail_type.type
+            tail_type.type = nested_type
+            p[0] = p[3]
+        else:
+            p[0] = nested_type
+
+    def p_type_qualifier_list(self, p):
+        """ type_qualifier_list : type_qualifier
+                                | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
+        """
+        p[0] = [p[1]] if len(p) == 2 else p[1] + [p[2]]
+
+    def p_parameter_type_list(self, p):
+        """ parameter_type_list : parameter_list
+                                | parameter_list COMMA ELLIPSIS
+        """
+        if len(p) > 2:
+            p[1].params.append(c_ast.EllipsisParam(self._token_coord(p, 3)))
+
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_parameter_list(self, p):
+        """ parameter_list  : parameter_declaration
+                            | parameter_list COMMA parameter_declaration
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2: # single parameter
+            p[0] = c_ast.ParamList([p[1]], p[1].coord)
+        else:
+            p[1].params.append(p[3])
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    # From ISO/IEC 9899:TC2, 6.7.5.3.11:
+    # "If, in a parameter declaration, an identifier can be treated either
+    #  as a typedef name or as a parameter name, it shall be taken as a
+    #  typedef name."
+    #
+    # Inside a parameter declaration, once we've reduced declaration specifiers,
+    # if we shift in an LPAREN and see a TYPEID, it could be either an abstract
+    # declarator or a declarator nested inside parens. This rule tells us to
+    # always treat it as an abstract declarator. Therefore, we only accept
+    # `id_declarator`s and `typeid_noparen_declarator`s.
+    def p_parameter_declaration_1(self, p):
+        """ parameter_declaration   : declaration_specifiers id_declarator
+                                    | declaration_specifiers typeid_noparen_declarator
+        """
+        spec = p[1]
+        if not spec['type']:
+            spec['type'] = [c_ast.IdentifierType(['int'],
+                coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))]
+        p[0] = self._build_declarations(
+            spec=spec,
+            decls=[dict(decl=p[2])])[0]
+
+    def p_parameter_declaration_2(self, p):
+        """ parameter_declaration   : declaration_specifiers abstract_declarator_opt
+        """
+        spec = p[1]
+        if not spec['type']:
+            spec['type'] = [c_ast.IdentifierType(['int'],
+                coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))]
+
+        # Parameters can have the same names as typedefs.  The trouble is that
+        # the parameter's name gets grouped into declaration_specifiers, making
+        # it look like an old-style declaration; compensate.
+        #
+        if len(spec['type']) > 1 and len(spec['type'][-1].names) == 1 and \
+                self._is_type_in_scope(spec['type'][-1].names[0]):
+            decl = self._build_declarations(
+                    spec=spec,
+                    decls=[dict(decl=p[2], init=None)])[0]
+
+        # This truly is an old-style parameter declaration
+        #
+        else:
+            decl = c_ast.Typename(
+                name='',
+                quals=spec['qual'],
+                align=None,
+                type=p[2] or c_ast.TypeDecl(None, None, None, None),
+                coord=self._token_coord(p, 2))
+            typename = spec['type']
+            decl = self._fix_decl_name_type(decl, typename)
+
+        p[0] = decl
+
+    def p_identifier_list(self, p):
+        """ identifier_list : identifier
+                            | identifier_list COMMA identifier
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2: # single parameter
+            p[0] = c_ast.ParamList([p[1]], p[1].coord)
+        else:
+            p[1].params.append(p[3])
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_initializer_1(self, p):
+        """ initializer : assignment_expression
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_initializer_2(self, p):
+        """ initializer : brace_open initializer_list_opt brace_close
+                        | brace_open initializer_list COMMA brace_close
+        """
+        if p[2] is None:
+            p[0] = c_ast.InitList([], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+        else:
+            p[0] = p[2]
+
+    def p_initializer_list(self, p):
+        """ initializer_list    : designation_opt initializer
+                                | initializer_list COMMA designation_opt initializer
+        """
+        if len(p) == 3: # single initializer
+            init = p[2] if p[1] is None else c_ast.NamedInitializer(p[1], p[2])
+            p[0] = c_ast.InitList([init], p[2].coord)
+        else:
+            init = p[4] if p[3] is None else c_ast.NamedInitializer(p[3], p[4])
+            p[1].exprs.append(init)
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_designation(self, p):
+        """ designation : designator_list EQUALS
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    # Designators are represented as a list of nodes, in the order in which
+    # they're written in the code.
+    #
+    def p_designator_list(self, p):
+        """ designator_list : designator
+                            | designator_list designator
+        """
+        p[0] = [p[1]] if len(p) == 2 else p[1] + [p[2]]
+
+    def p_designator(self, p):
+        """ designator  : LBRACKET constant_expression RBRACKET
+                        | PERIOD identifier
+        """
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    def p_type_name(self, p):
+        """ type_name   : specifier_qualifier_list abstract_declarator_opt
+        """
+        typename = c_ast.Typename(
+            name='',
+            quals=p[1]['qual'][:],
+            align=None,
+            type=p[2] or c_ast.TypeDecl(None, None, None, None),
+            coord=self._token_coord(p, 2))
+
+        p[0] = self._fix_decl_name_type(typename, p[1]['type'])
+
+    def p_abstract_declarator_1(self, p):
+        """ abstract_declarator     : pointer
+        """
+        dummytype = c_ast.TypeDecl(None, None, None, None)
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(
+            decl=dummytype,
+            modifier=p[1])
+
+    def p_abstract_declarator_2(self, p):
+        """ abstract_declarator     : pointer direct_abstract_declarator
+        """
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(p[2], p[1])
+
+    def p_abstract_declarator_3(self, p):
+        """ abstract_declarator     : direct_abstract_declarator
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    # Creating and using direct_abstract_declarator_opt here
+    # instead of listing both direct_abstract_declarator and the
+    # lack of it in the beginning of _1 and _2 caused two
+    # shift/reduce errors.
+    #
+    def p_direct_abstract_declarator_1(self, p):
+        """ direct_abstract_declarator  : LPAREN abstract_declarator RPAREN """
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    def p_direct_abstract_declarator_2(self, p):
+        """ direct_abstract_declarator  : direct_abstract_declarator LBRACKET assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET
+        """
+        arr = c_ast.ArrayDecl(
+            type=None,
+            dim=p[3],
+            dim_quals=[],
+            coord=p[1].coord)
+
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(decl=p[1], modifier=arr)
+
+    def p_direct_abstract_declarator_3(self, p):
+        """ direct_abstract_declarator  : LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET
+        """
+        quals = (p[2] if len(p) > 4 else []) or []
+        p[0] = c_ast.ArrayDecl(
+            type=c_ast.TypeDecl(None, None, None, None),
+            dim=p[3] if len(p) > 4 else p[2],
+            dim_quals=quals,
+            coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_direct_abstract_declarator_4(self, p):
+        """ direct_abstract_declarator  : direct_abstract_declarator LBRACKET TIMES RBRACKET
+        """
+        arr = c_ast.ArrayDecl(
+            type=None,
+            dim=c_ast.ID(p[3], self._token_coord(p, 3)),
+            dim_quals=[],
+            coord=p[1].coord)
+
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(decl=p[1], modifier=arr)
+
+    def p_direct_abstract_declarator_5(self, p):
+        """ direct_abstract_declarator  : LBRACKET TIMES RBRACKET
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.ArrayDecl(
+            type=c_ast.TypeDecl(None, None, None, None),
+            dim=c_ast.ID(p[3], self._token_coord(p, 3)),
+            dim_quals=[],
+            coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_direct_abstract_declarator_6(self, p):
+        """ direct_abstract_declarator  : direct_abstract_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list_opt RPAREN
+        """
+        func = c_ast.FuncDecl(
+            args=p[3],
+            type=None,
+            coord=p[1].coord)
+
+        p[0] = self._type_modify_decl(decl=p[1], modifier=func)
+
+    def p_direct_abstract_declarator_7(self, p):
+        """ direct_abstract_declarator  : LPAREN parameter_type_list_opt RPAREN
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.FuncDecl(
+            args=p[2],
+            type=c_ast.TypeDecl(None, None, None, None),
+            coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    # declaration is a list, statement isn't. To make it consistent, block_item
+    # will always be a list
+    #
+    def p_block_item(self, p):
+        """ block_item  : declaration
+                        | statement
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1] if isinstance(p[1], list) else [p[1]]
+
+    # Since we made block_item a list, this just combines lists
+    #
+    def p_block_item_list(self, p):
+        """ block_item_list : block_item
+                            | block_item_list block_item
+        """
+        # Empty block items (plain ';') produce [None], so ignore them
+        p[0] = p[1] if (len(p) == 2 or p[2] == [None]) else p[1] + p[2]
+
+    def p_compound_statement_1(self, p):
+        """ compound_statement : brace_open block_item_list_opt brace_close """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Compound(
+            block_items=p[2],
+            coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_labeled_statement_1(self, p):
+        """ labeled_statement : ID COLON pragmacomp_or_statement """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Label(p[1], p[3], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_labeled_statement_2(self, p):
+        """ labeled_statement : CASE constant_expression COLON pragmacomp_or_statement """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Case(p[2], [p[4]], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_labeled_statement_3(self, p):
+        """ labeled_statement : DEFAULT COLON pragmacomp_or_statement """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Default([p[3]], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_selection_statement_1(self, p):
+        """ selection_statement : IF LPAREN expression RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement """
+        p[0] = c_ast.If(p[3], p[5], None, self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_selection_statement_2(self, p):
+        """ selection_statement : IF LPAREN expression RPAREN statement ELSE pragmacomp_or_statement """
+        p[0] = c_ast.If(p[3], p[5], p[7], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_selection_statement_3(self, p):
+        """ selection_statement : SWITCH LPAREN expression RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement """
+        p[0] = fix_switch_cases(
+                c_ast.Switch(p[3], p[5], self._token_coord(p, 1)))
+
+    def p_iteration_statement_1(self, p):
+        """ iteration_statement : WHILE LPAREN expression RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement """
+        p[0] = c_ast.While(p[3], p[5], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_iteration_statement_2(self, p):
+        """ iteration_statement : DO pragmacomp_or_statement WHILE LPAREN expression RPAREN SEMI """
+        p[0] = c_ast.DoWhile(p[5], p[2], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_iteration_statement_3(self, p):
+        """ iteration_statement : FOR LPAREN expression_opt SEMI expression_opt SEMI expression_opt RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement """
+        p[0] = c_ast.For(p[3], p[5], p[7], p[9], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_iteration_statement_4(self, p):
+        """ iteration_statement : FOR LPAREN declaration expression_opt SEMI expression_opt RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement """
+        p[0] = c_ast.For(c_ast.DeclList(p[3], self._token_coord(p, 1)),
+                         p[4], p[6], p[8], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_jump_statement_1(self, p):
+        """ jump_statement  : GOTO ID SEMI """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Goto(p[2], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_jump_statement_2(self, p):
+        """ jump_statement  : BREAK SEMI """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Break(self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_jump_statement_3(self, p):
+        """ jump_statement  : CONTINUE SEMI """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Continue(self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_jump_statement_4(self, p):
+        """ jump_statement  : RETURN expression SEMI
+                            | RETURN SEMI
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Return(p[2] if len(p) == 4 else None, self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_expression_statement(self, p):
+        """ expression_statement : expression_opt SEMI """
+        if p[1] is None:
+            p[0] = c_ast.EmptyStatement(self._token_coord(p, 2))
+        else:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_expression(self, p):
+        """ expression  : assignment_expression
+                        | expression COMMA assignment_expression
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+        else:
+            if not isinstance(p[1], c_ast.ExprList):
+                p[1] = c_ast.ExprList([p[1]], p[1].coord)
+
+            p[1].exprs.append(p[3])
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_parenthesized_compound_expression(self, p):
+        """ assignment_expression : LPAREN compound_statement RPAREN """
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    def p_typedef_name(self, p):
+        """ typedef_name : TYPEID """
+        p[0] = c_ast.IdentifierType([p[1]], coord=self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_assignment_expression(self, p):
+        """ assignment_expression   : conditional_expression
+                                    | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+        else:
+            p[0] = c_ast.Assignment(p[2], p[1], p[3], p[1].coord)
+
+    # K&R2 defines these as many separate rules, to encode
+    # precedence and associativity. Why work hard ? I'll just use
+    # the built in precedence/associativity specification feature
+    # of PLY. (see precedence declaration above)
+    #
+    def p_assignment_operator(self, p):
+        """ assignment_operator : EQUALS
+                                | XOREQUAL
+                                | TIMESEQUAL
+                                | DIVEQUAL
+                                | MODEQUAL
+                                | PLUSEQUAL
+                                | MINUSEQUAL
+                                | LSHIFTEQUAL
+                                | RSHIFTEQUAL
+                                | ANDEQUAL
+                                | OREQUAL
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_constant_expression(self, p):
+        """ constant_expression : conditional_expression """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_conditional_expression(self, p):
+        """ conditional_expression  : binary_expression
+                                    | binary_expression CONDOP expression COLON conditional_expression
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+        else:
+            p[0] = c_ast.TernaryOp(p[1], p[3], p[5], p[1].coord)
+
+    def p_binary_expression(self, p):
+        """ binary_expression   : cast_expression
+                                | binary_expression TIMES binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression DIVIDE binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression MOD binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression PLUS binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression MINUS binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression RSHIFT binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression LSHIFT binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression LT binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression LE binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression GE binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression GT binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression EQ binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression NE binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression AND binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression OR binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression XOR binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression LAND binary_expression
+                                | binary_expression LOR binary_expression
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+        else:
+            p[0] = c_ast.BinaryOp(p[2], p[1], p[3], p[1].coord)
+
+    def p_cast_expression_1(self, p):
+        """ cast_expression : unary_expression """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_cast_expression_2(self, p):
+        """ cast_expression : LPAREN type_name RPAREN cast_expression """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Cast(p[2], p[4], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_unary_expression_1(self, p):
+        """ unary_expression    : postfix_expression """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_unary_expression_2(self, p):
+        """ unary_expression    : PLUSPLUS unary_expression
+                                | MINUSMINUS unary_expression
+                                | unary_operator cast_expression
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.UnaryOp(p[1], p[2], p[2].coord)
+
+    def p_unary_expression_3(self, p):
+        """ unary_expression    : SIZEOF unary_expression
+                                | SIZEOF LPAREN type_name RPAREN
+                                | _ALIGNOF LPAREN type_name RPAREN
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.UnaryOp(
+            p[1],
+            p[2] if len(p) == 3 else p[3],
+            self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_unary_operator(self, p):
+        """ unary_operator  : AND
+                            | TIMES
+                            | PLUS
+                            | MINUS
+                            | NOT
+                            | LNOT
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_postfix_expression_1(self, p):
+        """ postfix_expression  : primary_expression """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_postfix_expression_2(self, p):
+        """ postfix_expression  : postfix_expression LBRACKET expression RBRACKET """
+        p[0] = c_ast.ArrayRef(p[1], p[3], p[1].coord)
+
+    def p_postfix_expression_3(self, p):
+        """ postfix_expression  : postfix_expression LPAREN argument_expression_list RPAREN
+                                | postfix_expression LPAREN RPAREN
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.FuncCall(p[1], p[3] if len(p) == 5 else None, p[1].coord)
+
+    def p_postfix_expression_4(self, p):
+        """ postfix_expression  : postfix_expression PERIOD ID
+                                | postfix_expression PERIOD TYPEID
+                                | postfix_expression ARROW ID
+                                | postfix_expression ARROW TYPEID
+        """
+        field = c_ast.ID(p[3], self._token_coord(p, 3))
+        p[0] = c_ast.StructRef(p[1], p[2], field, p[1].coord)
+
+    def p_postfix_expression_5(self, p):
+        """ postfix_expression  : postfix_expression PLUSPLUS
+                                | postfix_expression MINUSMINUS
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.UnaryOp('p' + p[2], p[1], p[1].coord)
+
+    def p_postfix_expression_6(self, p):
+        """ postfix_expression  : LPAREN type_name RPAREN brace_open initializer_list brace_close
+                                | LPAREN type_name RPAREN brace_open initializer_list COMMA brace_close
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.CompoundLiteral(p[2], p[5])
+
+    def p_primary_expression_1(self, p):
+        """ primary_expression  : identifier """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_primary_expression_2(self, p):
+        """ primary_expression  : constant """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_primary_expression_3(self, p):
+        """ primary_expression  : unified_string_literal
+                                | unified_wstring_literal
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_primary_expression_4(self, p):
+        """ primary_expression  : LPAREN expression RPAREN """
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    def p_primary_expression_5(self, p):
+        """ primary_expression  : OFFSETOF LPAREN type_name COMMA offsetof_member_designator RPAREN
+        """
+        coord = self._token_coord(p, 1)
+        p[0] = c_ast.FuncCall(c_ast.ID(p[1], coord),
+                              c_ast.ExprList([p[3], p[5]], coord),
+                              coord)
+
+    def p_offsetof_member_designator(self, p):
+        """ offsetof_member_designator : identifier
+                                         | offsetof_member_designator PERIOD identifier
+                                         | offsetof_member_designator LBRACKET expression RBRACKET
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+        elif len(p) == 4:
+            p[0] = c_ast.StructRef(p[1], p[2], p[3], p[1].coord)
+        elif len(p) == 5:
+            p[0] = c_ast.ArrayRef(p[1], p[3], p[1].coord)
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Unexpected parsing state. len(p): %u" % len(p))
+
+    def p_argument_expression_list(self, p):
+        """ argument_expression_list    : assignment_expression
+                                        | argument_expression_list COMMA assignment_expression
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2: # single expr
+            p[0] = c_ast.ExprList([p[1]], p[1].coord)
+        else:
+            p[1].exprs.append(p[3])
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_identifier(self, p):
+        """ identifier  : ID """
+        p[0] = c_ast.ID(p[1], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_constant_1(self, p):
+        """ constant    : INT_CONST_DEC
+                        | INT_CONST_OCT
+                        | INT_CONST_HEX
+                        | INT_CONST_BIN
+                        | INT_CONST_CHAR
+        """
+        uCount = 0
+        lCount = 0
+        for x in p[1][-3:]:
+            if x in ('l', 'L'):
+                lCount += 1
+            elif x in ('u', 'U'):
+                uCount += 1
+        t = ''
+        if uCount > 1:
+             raise ValueError('Constant cannot have more than one u/U suffix.')
+        elif lCount > 2:
+             raise ValueError('Constant cannot have more than two l/L suffix.')
+        prefix = 'unsigned ' * uCount + 'long ' * lCount
+        p[0] = c_ast.Constant(
+            prefix + 'int', p[1], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_constant_2(self, p):
+        """ constant    : FLOAT_CONST
+                        | HEX_FLOAT_CONST
+        """
+        if 'x' in p[1].lower():
+            t = 'float'
+        else:
+            if p[1][-1] in ('f', 'F'):
+                t = 'float'
+            elif p[1][-1] in ('l', 'L'):
+                t = 'long double'
+            else:
+                t = 'double'
+
+        p[0] = c_ast.Constant(
+            t, p[1], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    def p_constant_3(self, p):
+        """ constant    : CHAR_CONST
+                        | WCHAR_CONST
+                        | U8CHAR_CONST
+                        | U16CHAR_CONST
+                        | U32CHAR_CONST
+        """
+        p[0] = c_ast.Constant(
+            'char', p[1], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+
+    # The "unified" string and wstring literal rules are for supporting
+    # concatenation of adjacent string literals.
+    # I.e. "hello " "world" is seen by the C compiler as a single string literal
+    # with the value "hello world"
+    #
+    def p_unified_string_literal(self, p):
+        """ unified_string_literal  : STRING_LITERAL
+                                    | unified_string_literal STRING_LITERAL
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2: # single literal
+            p[0] = c_ast.Constant(
+                'string', p[1], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+        else:
+            p[1].value = p[1].value[:-1] + p[2][1:]
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_unified_wstring_literal(self, p):
+        """ unified_wstring_literal : WSTRING_LITERAL
+                                    | U8STRING_LITERAL
+                                    | U16STRING_LITERAL
+                                    | U32STRING_LITERAL
+                                    | unified_wstring_literal WSTRING_LITERAL
+                                    | unified_wstring_literal U8STRING_LITERAL
+                                    | unified_wstring_literal U16STRING_LITERAL
+                                    | unified_wstring_literal U32STRING_LITERAL
+        """
+        if len(p) == 2: # single literal
+            p[0] = c_ast.Constant(
+                'string', p[1], self._token_coord(p, 1))
+        else:
+            p[1].value = p[1].value.rstrip()[:-1] + p[2][2:]
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_brace_open(self, p):
+        """ brace_open  :   LBRACE
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+        p.set_lineno(0, p.lineno(1))
+
+    def p_brace_close(self, p):
+        """ brace_close :   RBRACE
+        """
+        p[0] = p[1]
+        p.set_lineno(0, p.lineno(1))
+
+    def p_empty(self, p):
+        'empty : '
+        p[0] = None
+
+    def p_error(self, p):
+        # If error recovery is added here in the future, make sure
+        # _get_yacc_lookahead_token still works!
+        #
+        if p:
+            self._parse_error(
+                'before: %s' % p.value,
+                self._coord(lineno=p.lineno,
+                            column=self.clex.find_tok_column(p)))
+        else:
+            self._parse_error('At end of input', self.clex.filename)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/lextab.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/lextab.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..444b465
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/lextab.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# lextab.py. This file automatically created by PLY (version 3.10). Don't edit!
+_tabversion   = '3.10'
+_lextokens    = set(('INT_CONST_CHAR', 'VOID', 'LBRACKET', 'WCHAR_CONST', 'FLOAT_CONST', 'MINUS', 'RPAREN', 'STRUCT', 'LONG', 'PLUS', 'ELLIPSIS', 'U32STRING_LITERAL', 'GT', 'GOTO', 'ENUM', 'PERIOD', 'GE', 'INT_CONST_DEC', 'ARROW', '_STATIC_ASSERT', '__INT128', 'HEX_FLOAT_CONST', 'DOUBLE', 'MINUSEQUAL', 'INT_CONST_OCT', 'TIMESEQUAL', 'OR', 'SHORT', 'RETURN', 'RSHIFTEQUAL', '_ALIGNAS', 'RESTRICT', 'STATIC', 'SIZEOF', 'UNSIGNED', 'PLUSPLUS', 'COLON', 'WSTRING_LITERAL', 'DIVIDE', 'FOR', 'UNION', 'EQUALS', 'ELSE', 'ANDEQUAL', 'EQ', 'AND', 'TYPEID', 'LBRACE', 'PPHASH', 'INT', 'SIGNED', 'CONTINUE', 'NOT', 'OREQUAL', 'MOD', 'RSHIFT', 'DEFAULT', '_NORETURN', 'CHAR', 'WHILE', 'DIVEQUAL', '_ALIGNOF', 'EXTERN', 'LNOT', 'CASE', 'LAND', 'REGISTER', 'MODEQUAL', 'NE', 'SWITCH', 'INT_CONST_HEX', '_COMPLEX', 'PPPRAGMASTR', 'PLUSEQUAL', 'U32CHAR_CONST', 'CONDOP', 'U8STRING_LITERAL', 'BREAK', 'VOLATILE', 'PPPRAGMA', 'INLINE', 'INT_CONST_BIN', 'DO', 'U8CHAR_CONST', 'CONST', 'U16STRING_LITERAL', 'LOR', 'CHAR_CONST', 'LSHIFT', 'RBRACE', '_BOOL', 'LE', 'SEMI', '_THREAD_LOCAL', 'LT', 'COMMA', 'U16CHAR_CONST', 'OFFSETOF', '_ATOMIC', 'TYPEDEF', 'XOR', 'AUTO', 'TIMES', 'LPAREN', 'MINUSMINUS', 'ID', 'IF', 'STRING_LITERAL', 'FLOAT', 'XOREQUAL', 'LSHIFTEQUAL', 'RBRACKET'))
+_lexreflags   = 64
+_lexliterals  = ''
+_lexstateinfo = {'ppline': 'exclusive', 'pppragma': 'exclusive', 'INITIAL': 'inclusive'}
+_lexstatere   = {'ppline': [('(?P<t_ppline_FILENAME>"([^"\\\\\\n]|(\\\\[0-9a-zA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]))*")|(?P<t_ppline_LINE_NUMBER>(0(([uU]ll)|([uU]LL)|(ll[uU]?)|(LL[uU]?)|([uU][lL])|([lL][uU]?)|[uU])?)|([1-9][0-9]*(([uU]ll)|([uU]LL)|(ll[uU]?)|(LL[uU]?)|([uU][lL])|([lL][uU]?)|[uU])?))|(?P<t_ppline_NEWLINE>\\n)|(?P<t_ppline_PPLINE>line)', [None, ('t_ppline_FILENAME', 'FILENAME'), None, None, ('t_ppline_LINE_NUMBER', 'LINE_NUMBER'), None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_ppline_NEWLINE', 'NEWLINE'), ('t_ppline_PPLINE', 'PPLINE')])], 'pppragma': [('(?P<t_pppragma_NEWLINE>\\n)|(?P<t_pppragma_PPPRAGMA>pragma)|(?P<t_pppragma_STR>.+)', [None, ('t_pppragma_NEWLINE', 'NEWLINE'), ('t_pppragma_PPPRAGMA', 'PPPRAGMA'), ('t_pppragma_STR', 'STR')])], 'INITIAL': [('(?P<t_PPHASH>[ \\t]*\\#)|(?P<t_NEWLINE>\\n+)|(?P<t_LBRACE>\\{)|(?P<t_RBRACE>\\})|(?P<t_FLOAT_CONST>((((([0-9]*\\.[0-9]+)|([0-9]+\\.))([eE][-+]?[0-9]+)?)|([0-9]+([eE][-+]?[0-9]+)))[FfLl]?))|(?P<t_HEX_FLOAT_CONST>(0[xX]([0-9a-fA-F]+|((([0-9a-fA-F]+)?\\.[0-9a-fA-F]+)|([0-9a-fA-F]+\\.)))([pP][+-]?[0-9]+)[FfLl]?))|(?P<t_INT_CONST_HEX>0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+(([uU]ll)|([uU]LL)|(ll[uU]?)|(LL[uU]?)|([uU][lL])|([lL][uU]?)|[uU])?)|(?P<t_INT_CONST_BIN>0[bB][01]+(([uU]ll)|([uU]LL)|(ll[uU]?)|(LL[uU]?)|([uU][lL])|([lL][uU]?)|[uU])?)', [None, ('t_PPHASH', 'PPHASH'), ('t_NEWLINE', 'NEWLINE'), ('t_LBRACE', 'LBRACE'), ('t_RBRACE', 'RBRACE'), ('t_FLOAT_CONST', 'FLOAT_CONST'), None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_HEX_FLOAT_CONST', 'HEX_FLOAT_CONST'), None, None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_INT_CONST_HEX', 'INT_CONST_HEX'), None, None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_INT_CONST_BIN', 'INT_CONST_BIN')]), ('(?P<t_BAD_CONST_OCT>0[0-7]*[89])|(?P<t_INT_CONST_OCT>0[0-7]*(([uU]ll)|([uU]LL)|(ll[uU]?)|(LL[uU]?)|([uU][lL])|([lL][uU]?)|[uU])?)|(?P<t_INT_CONST_DEC>(0(([uU]ll)|([uU]LL)|(ll[uU]?)|(LL[uU]?)|([uU][lL])|([lL][uU]?)|[uU])?)|([1-9][0-9]*(([uU]ll)|([uU]LL)|(ll[uU]?)|(LL[uU]?)|([uU][lL])|([lL][uU]?)|[uU])?))|(?P<t_INT_CONST_CHAR>\'([^\'\\\\\\n]|(\\\\(([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))|(\\d+)(?!\\d)|(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F])))){2,4}\')|(?P<t_CHAR_CONST>\'([^\'\\\\\\n]|(\\\\(([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))|(\\d+)(?!\\d)|(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F]))))\')|(?P<t_WCHAR_CONST>L\'([^\'\\\\\\n]|(\\\\(([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))|(\\d+)(?!\\d)|(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F]))))\')|(?P<t_U8CHAR_CONST>u8\'([^\'\\\\\\n]|(\\\\(([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))|(\\d+)(?!\\d)|(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F]))))\')|(?P<t_U16CHAR_CONST>u\'([^\'\\\\\\n]|(\\\\(([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))|(\\d+)(?!\\d)|(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F]))))\')|(?P<t_U32CHAR_CONST>U\'([^\'\\\\\\n]|(\\\\(([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))|(\\d+)(?!\\d)|(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F]))))\')', [None, ('t_BAD_CONST_OCT', 'BAD_CONST_OCT'), ('t_INT_CONST_OCT', 'INT_CONST_OCT'), None, None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_INT_CONST_DEC', 'INT_CONST_DEC'), None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_INT_CONST_CHAR', 'INT_CONST_CHAR'), None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_CHAR_CONST', 'CHAR_CONST'), None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_WCHAR_CONST', 'WCHAR_CONST'), None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_U8CHAR_CONST', 'U8CHAR_CONST'), None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_U16CHAR_CONST', 'U16CHAR_CONST'), None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_U32CHAR_CONST', 'U32CHAR_CONST')]), ('(?P<t_UNMATCHED_QUOTE>(\'([^\'\\\\\\n]|(\\\\(([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))|(\\d+)(?!\\d)|(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F]))))*\\n)|(\'([^\'\\\\\\n]|(\\\\(([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))|(\\d+)(?!\\d)|(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F]))))*$))|(?P<t_BAD_CHAR_CONST>(\'([^\'\\\\\\n]|(\\\\(([a-wyzA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]|x(?![0-9a-fA-F]))|(\\d+)(?!\\d)|(x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(?![0-9a-fA-F]))))[^\'\n]+\')|(\'\')|(\'([\\\\][^a-zA-Z._~^!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"x0-9])[^\'\\n]*\'))|(?P<t_WSTRING_LITERAL>L"([^"\\\\\\n]|(\\\\[0-9a-zA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]))*")|(?P<t_U8STRING_LITERAL>u8"([^"\\\\\\n]|(\\\\[0-9a-zA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]))*")|(?P<t_U16STRING_LITERAL>u"([^"\\\\\\n]|(\\\\[0-9a-zA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]))*")|(?P<t_U32STRING_LITERAL>U"([^"\\\\\\n]|(\\\\[0-9a-zA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]))*")|(?P<t_BAD_STRING_LITERAL>"([^"\\\\\\n]|(\\\\[0-9a-zA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]))*([\\\\][^a-zA-Z._~^!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"x0-9])([^"\\\\\\n]|(\\\\[0-9a-zA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]))*")|(?P<t_ID>[a-zA-Z_$][0-9a-zA-Z_$]*)|(?P<t_STRING_LITERAL>"([^"\\\\\\n]|(\\\\[0-9a-zA-Z._~!=&\\^\\-\\\\?\'"]))*")|(?P<t_ELLIPSIS>\\.\\.\\.)|(?P<t_PLUSPLUS>\\+\\+)|(?P<t_LOR>\\|\\|)|(?P<t_XOREQUAL>\\^=)|(?P<t_OREQUAL>\\|=)|(?P<t_LSHIFTEQUAL><<=)|(?P<t_RSHIFTEQUAL>>>=)|(?P<t_PLUSEQUAL>\\+=)|(?P<t_TIMESEQUAL>\\*=)', [None, ('t_UNMATCHED_QUOTE', 'UNMATCHED_QUOTE'), None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_BAD_CHAR_CONST', 'BAD_CHAR_CONST'), None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, ('t_WSTRING_LITERAL', 'WSTRING_LITERAL'), None, None, ('t_U8STRING_LITERAL', 'U8STRING_LITERAL'), None, None, ('t_U16STRING_LITERAL', 'U16STRING_LITERAL'), None, None, ('t_U32STRING_LITERAL', 'U32STRING_LITERAL'), None, None, ('t_BAD_STRING_LITERAL', 'BAD_STRING_LITERAL'), None, None, None, None, None, ('t_ID', 'ID'), (None, 'STRING_LITERAL'), None, None, (None, 'ELLIPSIS'), (None, 'PLUSPLUS'), (None, 'LOR'), (None, 'XOREQUAL'), (None, 'OREQUAL'), (None, 'LSHIFTEQUAL'), (None, 'RSHIFTEQUAL'), (None, 'PLUSEQUAL'), (None, 'TIMESEQUAL')]), ('(?P<t_PLUS>\\+)|(?P<t_MODEQUAL>%=)|(?P<t_DIVEQUAL>/=)|(?P<t_RBRACKET>\\])|(?P<t_CONDOP>\\?)|(?P<t_XOR>\\^)|(?P<t_LSHIFT><<)|(?P<t_LE><=)|(?P<t_LPAREN>\\()|(?P<t_ARROW>->)|(?P<t_EQ>==)|(?P<t_NE>!=)|(?P<t_MINUSMINUS>--)|(?P<t_OR>\\|)|(?P<t_TIMES>\\*)|(?P<t_LBRACKET>\\[)|(?P<t_GE>>=)|(?P<t_RPAREN>\\))|(?P<t_LAND>&&)|(?P<t_RSHIFT>>>)|(?P<t_MINUSEQUAL>-=)|(?P<t_PERIOD>\\.)|(?P<t_ANDEQUAL>&=)|(?P<t_EQUALS>=)|(?P<t_LT><)|(?P<t_COMMA>,)|(?P<t_DIVIDE>/)|(?P<t_AND>&)|(?P<t_MOD>%)|(?P<t_SEMI>;)|(?P<t_MINUS>-)|(?P<t_GT>>)|(?P<t_COLON>:)|(?P<t_NOT>~)|(?P<t_LNOT>!)', [None, (None, 'PLUS'), (None, 'MODEQUAL'), (None, 'DIVEQUAL'), (None, 'RBRACKET'), (None, 'CONDOP'), (None, 'XOR'), (None, 'LSHIFT'), (None, 'LE'), (None, 'LPAREN'), (None, 'ARROW'), (None, 'EQ'), (None, 'NE'), (None, 'MINUSMINUS'), (None, 'OR'), (None, 'TIMES'), (None, 'LBRACKET'), (None, 'GE'), (None, 'RPAREN'), (None, 'LAND'), (None, 'RSHIFT'), (None, 'MINUSEQUAL'), (None, 'PERIOD'), (None, 'ANDEQUAL'), (None, 'EQUALS'), (None, 'LT'), (None, 'COMMA'), (None, 'DIVIDE'), (None, 'AND'), (None, 'MOD'), (None, 'SEMI'), (None, 'MINUS'), (None, 'GT'), (None, 'COLON'), (None, 'NOT'), (None, 'LNOT')])]}
+_lexstateignore = {'ppline': ' \t', 'pppragma': ' \t', 'INITIAL': ' \t'}
+_lexstateerrorf = {'ppline': 't_ppline_error', 'pppragma': 't_pppragma_error', 'INITIAL': 't_error'}
+_lexstateeoff = {}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e53cdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# PLY package
+# Author: David Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+
+__version__ = '3.9'
+__all__ = ['lex','yacc']
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/cpp.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/cpp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86273ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/cpp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,905 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# cpp.py
+#
+# Author:  David Beazley (http://www.dabeaz.com)
+# Copyright (C) 2017
+# All rights reserved
+#
+# This module implements an ANSI-C style lexical preprocessor for PLY.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+
+# Some Python 3 compatibility shims
+if sys.version_info.major < 3:
+    STRING_TYPES = (str, unicode)
+else:
+    STRING_TYPES = str
+    xrange = range
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Default preprocessor lexer definitions.   These tokens are enough to get
+# a basic preprocessor working.   Other modules may import these if they want
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+tokens = (
+   'CPP_ID','CPP_INTEGER', 'CPP_FLOAT', 'CPP_STRING', 'CPP_CHAR', 'CPP_WS', 'CPP_COMMENT1', 'CPP_COMMENT2', 'CPP_POUND','CPP_DPOUND'
+)
+
+literals = "+-*/%|&~^<>=!?()[]{}.,;:\\\'\""
+
+# Whitespace
+def t_CPP_WS(t):
+    r'\s+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    return t
+
+t_CPP_POUND = r'\#'
+t_CPP_DPOUND = r'\#\#'
+
+# Identifier
+t_CPP_ID = r'[A-Za-z_][\w_]*'
+
+# Integer literal
+def CPP_INTEGER(t):
+    r'(((((0x)|(0X))[0-9a-fA-F]+)|(\d+))([uU][lL]|[lL][uU]|[uU]|[lL])?)'
+    return t
+
+t_CPP_INTEGER = CPP_INTEGER
+
+# Floating literal
+t_CPP_FLOAT = r'((\d+)(\.\d+)(e(\+|-)?(\d+))? | (\d+)e(\+|-)?(\d+))([lL]|[fF])?'
+
+# String literal
+def t_CPP_STRING(t):
+    r'\"([^\\\n]|(\\(.|\n)))*?\"'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    return t
+
+# Character constant 'c' or L'c'
+def t_CPP_CHAR(t):
+    r'(L)?\'([^\\\n]|(\\(.|\n)))*?\''
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    return t
+
+# Comment
+def t_CPP_COMMENT1(t):
+    r'(/\*(.|\n)*?\*/)'
+    ncr = t.value.count("\n")
+    t.lexer.lineno += ncr
+    # replace with one space or a number of '\n'
+    t.type = 'CPP_WS'; t.value = '\n' * ncr if ncr else ' '
+    return t
+
+# Line comment
+def t_CPP_COMMENT2(t):
+    r'(//.*?(\n|$))'
+    # replace with '/n'
+    t.type = 'CPP_WS'; t.value = '\n'
+    return t
+
+def t_error(t):
+    t.type = t.value[0]
+    t.value = t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    return t
+
+import re
+import copy
+import time
+import os.path
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# trigraph()
+#
+# Given an input string, this function replaces all trigraph sequences.
+# The following mapping is used:
+#
+#     ??=    #
+#     ??/    \
+#     ??'    ^
+#     ??(    [
+#     ??)    ]
+#     ??!    |
+#     ??<    {
+#     ??>    }
+#     ??-    ~
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_trigraph_pat = re.compile(r'''\?\?[=/\'\(\)\!<>\-]''')
+_trigraph_rep = {
+    '=':'#',
+    '/':'\\',
+    "'":'^',
+    '(':'[',
+    ')':']',
+    '!':'|',
+    '<':'{',
+    '>':'}',
+    '-':'~'
+}
+
+def trigraph(input):
+    return _trigraph_pat.sub(lambda g: _trigraph_rep[g.group()[-1]],input)
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Macro object
+#
+# This object holds information about preprocessor macros
+#
+#    .name      - Macro name (string)
+#    .value     - Macro value (a list of tokens)
+#    .arglist   - List of argument names
+#    .variadic  - Boolean indicating whether or not variadic macro
+#    .vararg    - Name of the variadic parameter
+#
+# When a macro is created, the macro replacement token sequence is
+# pre-scanned and used to create patch lists that are later used
+# during macro expansion
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Macro(object):
+    def __init__(self,name,value,arglist=None,variadic=False):
+        self.name = name
+        self.value = value
+        self.arglist = arglist
+        self.variadic = variadic
+        if variadic:
+            self.vararg = arglist[-1]
+        self.source = None
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Preprocessor object
+#
+# Object representing a preprocessor.  Contains macro definitions,
+# include directories, and other information
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Preprocessor(object):
+    def __init__(self,lexer=None):
+        if lexer is None:
+            lexer = lex.lexer
+        self.lexer = lexer
+        self.macros = { }
+        self.path = []
+        self.temp_path = []
+
+        # Probe the lexer for selected tokens
+        self.lexprobe()
+
+        tm = time.localtime()
+        self.define("__DATE__ \"%s\"" % time.strftime("%b %d %Y",tm))
+        self.define("__TIME__ \"%s\"" % time.strftime("%H:%M:%S",tm))
+        self.parser = None
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # tokenize()
+    #
+    # Utility function. Given a string of text, tokenize into a list of tokens
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def tokenize(self,text):
+        tokens = []
+        self.lexer.input(text)
+        while True:
+            tok = self.lexer.token()
+            if not tok: break
+            tokens.append(tok)
+        return tokens
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # error()
+    #
+    # Report a preprocessor error/warning of some kind
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def error(self,file,line,msg):
+        print("%s:%d %s" % (file,line,msg))
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # lexprobe()
+    #
+    # This method probes the preprocessor lexer object to discover
+    # the token types of symbols that are important to the preprocessor.
+    # If this works right, the preprocessor will simply "work"
+    # with any suitable lexer regardless of how tokens have been named.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def lexprobe(self):
+
+        # Determine the token type for identifiers
+        self.lexer.input("identifier")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or tok.value != "identifier":
+            print("Couldn't determine identifier type")
+        else:
+            self.t_ID = tok.type
+
+        # Determine the token type for integers
+        self.lexer.input("12345")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or int(tok.value) != 12345:
+            print("Couldn't determine integer type")
+        else:
+            self.t_INTEGER = tok.type
+            self.t_INTEGER_TYPE = type(tok.value)
+
+        # Determine the token type for strings enclosed in double quotes
+        self.lexer.input("\"filename\"")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or tok.value != "\"filename\"":
+            print("Couldn't determine string type")
+        else:
+            self.t_STRING = tok.type
+
+        # Determine the token type for whitespace--if any
+        self.lexer.input("  ")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or tok.value != "  ":
+            self.t_SPACE = None
+        else:
+            self.t_SPACE = tok.type
+
+        # Determine the token type for newlines
+        self.lexer.input("\n")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or tok.value != "\n":
+            self.t_NEWLINE = None
+            print("Couldn't determine token for newlines")
+        else:
+            self.t_NEWLINE = tok.type
+
+        self.t_WS = (self.t_SPACE, self.t_NEWLINE)
+
+        # Check for other characters used by the preprocessor
+        chars = [ '<','>','#','##','\\','(',')',',','.']
+        for c in chars:
+            self.lexer.input(c)
+            tok = self.lexer.token()
+            if not tok or tok.value != c:
+                print("Unable to lex '%s' required for preprocessor" % c)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # add_path()
+    #
+    # Adds a search path to the preprocessor.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def add_path(self,path):
+        self.path.append(path)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # group_lines()
+    #
+    # Given an input string, this function splits it into lines.  Trailing whitespace
+    # is removed.   Any line ending with \ is grouped with the next line.  This
+    # function forms the lowest level of the preprocessor---grouping into text into
+    # a line-by-line format.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def group_lines(self,input):
+        lex = self.lexer.clone()
+        lines = [x.rstrip() for x in input.splitlines()]
+        for i in xrange(len(lines)):
+            j = i+1
+            while lines[i].endswith('\\') and (j < len(lines)):
+                lines[i] = lines[i][:-1]+lines[j]
+                lines[j] = ""
+                j += 1
+
+        input = "\n".join(lines)
+        lex.input(input)
+        lex.lineno = 1
+
+        current_line = []
+        while True:
+            tok = lex.token()
+            if not tok:
+                break
+            current_line.append(tok)
+            if tok.type in self.t_WS and '\n' in tok.value:
+                yield current_line
+                current_line = []
+
+        if current_line:
+            yield current_line
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # tokenstrip()
+    #
+    # Remove leading/trailing whitespace tokens from a token list
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def tokenstrip(self,tokens):
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(tokens) and tokens[i].type in self.t_WS:
+            i += 1
+        del tokens[:i]
+        i = len(tokens)-1
+        while i >= 0 and tokens[i].type in self.t_WS:
+            i -= 1
+        del tokens[i+1:]
+        return tokens
+
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # collect_args()
+    #
+    # Collects comma separated arguments from a list of tokens.   The arguments
+    # must be enclosed in parenthesis.  Returns a tuple (tokencount,args,positions)
+    # where tokencount is the number of tokens consumed, args is a list of arguments,
+    # and positions is a list of integers containing the starting index of each
+    # argument.  Each argument is represented by a list of tokens.
+    #
+    # When collecting arguments, leading and trailing whitespace is removed
+    # from each argument.
+    #
+    # This function properly handles nested parenthesis and commas---these do not
+    # define new arguments.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def collect_args(self,tokenlist):
+        args = []
+        positions = []
+        current_arg = []
+        nesting = 1
+        tokenlen = len(tokenlist)
+
+        # Search for the opening '('.
+        i = 0
+        while (i < tokenlen) and (tokenlist[i].type in self.t_WS):
+            i += 1
+
+        if (i < tokenlen) and (tokenlist[i].value == '('):
+            positions.append(i+1)
+        else:
+            self.error(self.source,tokenlist[0].lineno,"Missing '(' in macro arguments")
+            return 0, [], []
+
+        i += 1
+
+        while i < tokenlen:
+            t = tokenlist[i]
+            if t.value == '(':
+                current_arg.append(t)
+                nesting += 1
+            elif t.value == ')':
+                nesting -= 1
+                if nesting == 0:
+                    if current_arg:
+                        args.append(self.tokenstrip(current_arg))
+                        positions.append(i)
+                    return i+1,args,positions
+                current_arg.append(t)
+            elif t.value == ',' and nesting == 1:
+                args.append(self.tokenstrip(current_arg))
+                positions.append(i+1)
+                current_arg = []
+            else:
+                current_arg.append(t)
+            i += 1
+
+        # Missing end argument
+        self.error(self.source,tokenlist[-1].lineno,"Missing ')' in macro arguments")
+        return 0, [],[]
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # macro_prescan()
+    #
+    # Examine the macro value (token sequence) and identify patch points
+    # This is used to speed up macro expansion later on---we'll know
+    # right away where to apply patches to the value to form the expansion
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def macro_prescan(self,macro):
+        macro.patch     = []             # Standard macro arguments
+        macro.str_patch = []             # String conversion expansion
+        macro.var_comma_patch = []       # Variadic macro comma patch
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(macro.value):
+            if macro.value[i].type == self.t_ID and macro.value[i].value in macro.arglist:
+                argnum = macro.arglist.index(macro.value[i].value)
+                # Conversion of argument to a string
+                if i > 0 and macro.value[i-1].value == '#':
+                    macro.value[i] = copy.copy(macro.value[i])
+                    macro.value[i].type = self.t_STRING
+                    del macro.value[i-1]
+                    macro.str_patch.append((argnum,i-1))
+                    continue
+                # Concatenation
+                elif (i > 0 and macro.value[i-1].value == '##'):
+                    macro.patch.append(('c',argnum,i-1))
+                    del macro.value[i-1]
+                    continue
+                elif ((i+1) < len(macro.value) and macro.value[i+1].value == '##'):
+                    macro.patch.append(('c',argnum,i))
+                    i += 1
+                    continue
+                # Standard expansion
+                else:
+                    macro.patch.append(('e',argnum,i))
+            elif macro.value[i].value == '##':
+                if macro.variadic and (i > 0) and (macro.value[i-1].value == ',') and \
+                        ((i+1) < len(macro.value)) and (macro.value[i+1].type == self.t_ID) and \
+                        (macro.value[i+1].value == macro.vararg):
+                    macro.var_comma_patch.append(i-1)
+            i += 1
+        macro.patch.sort(key=lambda x: x[2],reverse=True)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # macro_expand_args()
+    #
+    # Given a Macro and list of arguments (each a token list), this method
+    # returns an expanded version of a macro.  The return value is a token sequence
+    # representing the replacement macro tokens
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def macro_expand_args(self,macro,args):
+        # Make a copy of the macro token sequence
+        rep = [copy.copy(_x) for _x in macro.value]
+
+        # Make string expansion patches.  These do not alter the length of the replacement sequence
+
+        str_expansion = {}
+        for argnum, i in macro.str_patch:
+            if argnum not in str_expansion:
+                str_expansion[argnum] = ('"%s"' % "".join([x.value for x in args[argnum]])).replace("\\","\\\\")
+            rep[i] = copy.copy(rep[i])
+            rep[i].value = str_expansion[argnum]
+
+        # Make the variadic macro comma patch.  If the variadic macro argument is empty, we get rid
+        comma_patch = False
+        if macro.variadic and not args[-1]:
+            for i in macro.var_comma_patch:
+                rep[i] = None
+                comma_patch = True
+
+        # Make all other patches.   The order of these matters.  It is assumed that the patch list
+        # has been sorted in reverse order of patch location since replacements will cause the
+        # size of the replacement sequence to expand from the patch point.
+
+        expanded = { }
+        for ptype, argnum, i in macro.patch:
+            # Concatenation.   Argument is left unexpanded
+            if ptype == 'c':
+                rep[i:i+1] = args[argnum]
+            # Normal expansion.  Argument is macro expanded first
+            elif ptype == 'e':
+                if argnum not in expanded:
+                    expanded[argnum] = self.expand_macros(args[argnum])
+                rep[i:i+1] = expanded[argnum]
+
+        # Get rid of removed comma if necessary
+        if comma_patch:
+            rep = [_i for _i in rep if _i]
+
+        return rep
+
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # expand_macros()
+    #
+    # Given a list of tokens, this function performs macro expansion.
+    # The expanded argument is a dictionary that contains macros already
+    # expanded.  This is used to prevent infinite recursion.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def expand_macros(self,tokens,expanded=None):
+        if expanded is None:
+            expanded = {}
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(tokens):
+            t = tokens[i]
+            if t.type == self.t_ID:
+                if t.value in self.macros and t.value not in expanded:
+                    # Yes, we found a macro match
+                    expanded[t.value] = True
+
+                    m = self.macros[t.value]
+                    if not m.arglist:
+                        # A simple macro
+                        ex = self.expand_macros([copy.copy(_x) for _x in m.value],expanded)
+                        for e in ex:
+                            e.lineno = t.lineno
+                        tokens[i:i+1] = ex
+                        i += len(ex)
+                    else:
+                        # A macro with arguments
+                        j = i + 1
+                        while j < len(tokens) and tokens[j].type in self.t_WS:
+                            j += 1
+                        if tokens[j].value == '(':
+                            tokcount,args,positions = self.collect_args(tokens[j:])
+                            if not m.variadic and len(args) !=  len(m.arglist):
+                                self.error(self.source,t.lineno,"Macro %s requires %d arguments" % (t.value,len(m.arglist)))
+                                i = j + tokcount
+                            elif m.variadic and len(args) < len(m.arglist)-1:
+                                if len(m.arglist) > 2:
+                                    self.error(self.source,t.lineno,"Macro %s must have at least %d arguments" % (t.value, len(m.arglist)-1))
+                                else:
+                                    self.error(self.source,t.lineno,"Macro %s must have at least %d argument" % (t.value, len(m.arglist)-1))
+                                i = j + tokcount
+                            else:
+                                if m.variadic:
+                                    if len(args) == len(m.arglist)-1:
+                                        args.append([])
+                                    else:
+                                        args[len(m.arglist)-1] = tokens[j+positions[len(m.arglist)-1]:j+tokcount-1]
+                                        del args[len(m.arglist):]
+
+                                # Get macro replacement text
+                                rep = self.macro_expand_args(m,args)
+                                rep = self.expand_macros(rep,expanded)
+                                for r in rep:
+                                    r.lineno = t.lineno
+                                tokens[i:j+tokcount] = rep
+                                i += len(rep)
+                    del expanded[t.value]
+                    continue
+                elif t.value == '__LINE__':
+                    t.type = self.t_INTEGER
+                    t.value = self.t_INTEGER_TYPE(t.lineno)
+
+            i += 1
+        return tokens
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # evalexpr()
+    #
+    # Evaluate an expression token sequence for the purposes of evaluating
+    # integral expressions.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def evalexpr(self,tokens):
+        # tokens = tokenize(line)
+        # Search for defined macros
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(tokens):
+            if tokens[i].type == self.t_ID and tokens[i].value == 'defined':
+                j = i + 1
+                needparen = False
+                result = "0L"
+                while j < len(tokens):
+                    if tokens[j].type in self.t_WS:
+                        j += 1
+                        continue
+                    elif tokens[j].type == self.t_ID:
+                        if tokens[j].value in self.macros:
+                            result = "1L"
+                        else:
+                            result = "0L"
+                        if not needparen: break
+                    elif tokens[j].value == '(':
+                        needparen = True
+                    elif tokens[j].value == ')':
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        self.error(self.source,tokens[i].lineno,"Malformed defined()")
+                    j += 1
+                tokens[i].type = self.t_INTEGER
+                tokens[i].value = self.t_INTEGER_TYPE(result)
+                del tokens[i+1:j+1]
+            i += 1
+        tokens = self.expand_macros(tokens)
+        for i,t in enumerate(tokens):
+            if t.type == self.t_ID:
+                tokens[i] = copy.copy(t)
+                tokens[i].type = self.t_INTEGER
+                tokens[i].value = self.t_INTEGER_TYPE("0L")
+            elif t.type == self.t_INTEGER:
+                tokens[i] = copy.copy(t)
+                # Strip off any trailing suffixes
+                tokens[i].value = str(tokens[i].value)
+                while tokens[i].value[-1] not in "0123456789abcdefABCDEF":
+                    tokens[i].value = tokens[i].value[:-1]
+
+        expr = "".join([str(x.value) for x in tokens])
+        expr = expr.replace("&&"," and ")
+        expr = expr.replace("||"," or ")
+        expr = expr.replace("!"," not ")
+        try:
+            result = eval(expr)
+        except Exception:
+            self.error(self.source,tokens[0].lineno,"Couldn't evaluate expression")
+            result = 0
+        return result
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # parsegen()
+    #
+    # Parse an input string/
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def parsegen(self,input,source=None):
+
+        # Replace trigraph sequences
+        t = trigraph(input)
+        lines = self.group_lines(t)
+
+        if not source:
+            source = ""
+
+        self.define("__FILE__ \"%s\"" % source)
+
+        self.source = source
+        chunk = []
+        enable = True
+        iftrigger = False
+        ifstack = []
+
+        for x in lines:
+            for i,tok in enumerate(x):
+                if tok.type not in self.t_WS: break
+            if tok.value == '#':
+                # Preprocessor directive
+
+                # insert necessary whitespace instead of eaten tokens
+                for tok in x:
+                    if tok.type in self.t_WS and '\n' in tok.value:
+                        chunk.append(tok)
+
+                dirtokens = self.tokenstrip(x[i+1:])
+                if dirtokens:
+                    name = dirtokens[0].value
+                    args = self.tokenstrip(dirtokens[1:])
+                else:
+                    name = ""
+                    args = []
+
+                if name == 'define':
+                    if enable:
+                        for tok in self.expand_macros(chunk):
+                            yield tok
+                        chunk = []
+                        self.define(args)
+                elif name == 'include':
+                    if enable:
+                        for tok in self.expand_macros(chunk):
+                            yield tok
+                        chunk = []
+                        oldfile = self.macros['__FILE__']
+                        for tok in self.include(args):
+                            yield tok
+                        self.macros['__FILE__'] = oldfile
+                        self.source = source
+                elif name == 'undef':
+                    if enable:
+                        for tok in self.expand_macros(chunk):
+                            yield tok
+                        chunk = []
+                        self.undef(args)
+                elif name == 'ifdef':
+                    ifstack.append((enable,iftrigger))
+                    if enable:
+                        if not args[0].value in self.macros:
+                            enable = False
+                            iftrigger = False
+                        else:
+                            iftrigger = True
+                elif name == 'ifndef':
+                    ifstack.append((enable,iftrigger))
+                    if enable:
+                        if args[0].value in self.macros:
+                            enable = False
+                            iftrigger = False
+                        else:
+                            iftrigger = True
+                elif name == 'if':
+                    ifstack.append((enable,iftrigger))
+                    if enable:
+                        result = self.evalexpr(args)
+                        if not result:
+                            enable = False
+                            iftrigger = False
+                        else:
+                            iftrigger = True
+                elif name == 'elif':
+                    if ifstack:
+                        if ifstack[-1][0]:     # We only pay attention if outer "if" allows this
+                            if enable:         # If already true, we flip enable False
+                                enable = False
+                            elif not iftrigger:   # If False, but not triggered yet, we'll check expression
+                                result = self.evalexpr(args)
+                                if result:
+                                    enable  = True
+                                    iftrigger = True
+                    else:
+                        self.error(self.source,dirtokens[0].lineno,"Misplaced #elif")
+
+                elif name == 'else':
+                    if ifstack:
+                        if ifstack[-1][0]:
+                            if enable:
+                                enable = False
+                            elif not iftrigger:
+                                enable = True
+                                iftrigger = True
+                    else:
+                        self.error(self.source,dirtokens[0].lineno,"Misplaced #else")
+
+                elif name == 'endif':
+                    if ifstack:
+                        enable,iftrigger = ifstack.pop()
+                    else:
+                        self.error(self.source,dirtokens[0].lineno,"Misplaced #endif")
+                else:
+                    # Unknown preprocessor directive
+                    pass
+
+            else:
+                # Normal text
+                if enable:
+                    chunk.extend(x)
+
+        for tok in self.expand_macros(chunk):
+            yield tok
+        chunk = []
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # include()
+    #
+    # Implementation of file-inclusion
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def include(self,tokens):
+        # Try to extract the filename and then process an include file
+        if not tokens:
+            return
+        if tokens:
+            if tokens[0].value != '<' and tokens[0].type != self.t_STRING:
+                tokens = self.expand_macros(tokens)
+
+            if tokens[0].value == '<':
+                # Include <...>
+                i = 1
+                while i < len(tokens):
+                    if tokens[i].value == '>':
+                        break
+                    i += 1
+                else:
+                    print("Malformed #include <...>")
+                    return
+                filename = "".join([x.value for x in tokens[1:i]])
+                path = self.path + [""] + self.temp_path
+            elif tokens[0].type == self.t_STRING:
+                filename = tokens[0].value[1:-1]
+                path = self.temp_path + [""] + self.path
+            else:
+                print("Malformed #include statement")
+                return
+        for p in path:
+            iname = os.path.join(p,filename)
+            try:
+                data = open(iname,"r").read()
+                dname = os.path.dirname(iname)
+                if dname:
+                    self.temp_path.insert(0,dname)
+                for tok in self.parsegen(data,filename):
+                    yield tok
+                if dname:
+                    del self.temp_path[0]
+                break
+            except IOError:
+                pass
+        else:
+            print("Couldn't find '%s'" % filename)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # define()
+    #
+    # Define a new macro
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def define(self,tokens):
+        if isinstance(tokens,STRING_TYPES):
+            tokens = self.tokenize(tokens)
+
+        linetok = tokens
+        try:
+            name = linetok[0]
+            if len(linetok) > 1:
+                mtype = linetok[1]
+            else:
+                mtype = None
+            if not mtype:
+                m = Macro(name.value,[])
+                self.macros[name.value] = m
+            elif mtype.type in self.t_WS:
+                # A normal macro
+                m = Macro(name.value,self.tokenstrip(linetok[2:]))
+                self.macros[name.value] = m
+            elif mtype.value == '(':
+                # A macro with arguments
+                tokcount, args, positions = self.collect_args(linetok[1:])
+                variadic = False
+                for a in args:
+                    if variadic:
+                        print("No more arguments may follow a variadic argument")
+                        break
+                    astr = "".join([str(_i.value) for _i in a])
+                    if astr == "...":
+                        variadic = True
+                        a[0].type = self.t_ID
+                        a[0].value = '__VA_ARGS__'
+                        variadic = True
+                        del a[1:]
+                        continue
+                    elif astr[-3:] == "..." and a[0].type == self.t_ID:
+                        variadic = True
+                        del a[1:]
+                        # If, for some reason, "." is part of the identifier, strip off the name for the purposes
+                        # of macro expansion
+                        if a[0].value[-3:] == '...':
+                            a[0].value = a[0].value[:-3]
+                        continue
+                    if len(a) > 1 or a[0].type != self.t_ID:
+                        print("Invalid macro argument")
+                        break
+                else:
+                    mvalue = self.tokenstrip(linetok[1+tokcount:])
+                    i = 0
+                    while i < len(mvalue):
+                        if i+1 < len(mvalue):
+                            if mvalue[i].type in self.t_WS and mvalue[i+1].value == '##':
+                                del mvalue[i]
+                                continue
+                            elif mvalue[i].value == '##' and mvalue[i+1].type in self.t_WS:
+                                del mvalue[i+1]
+                        i += 1
+                    m = Macro(name.value,mvalue,[x[0].value for x in args],variadic)
+                    self.macro_prescan(m)
+                    self.macros[name.value] = m
+            else:
+                print("Bad macro definition")
+        except LookupError:
+            print("Bad macro definition")
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # undef()
+    #
+    # Undefine a macro
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def undef(self,tokens):
+        id = tokens[0].value
+        try:
+            del self.macros[id]
+        except LookupError:
+            pass
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # parse()
+    #
+    # Parse input text.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def parse(self,input,source=None,ignore={}):
+        self.ignore = ignore
+        self.parser = self.parsegen(input,source)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # token()
+    #
+    # Method to return individual tokens
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def token(self):
+        try:
+            while True:
+                tok = next(self.parser)
+                if tok.type not in self.ignore: return tok
+        except StopIteration:
+            self.parser = None
+            return None
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import ply.lex as lex
+    lexer = lex.lex()
+
+    # Run a preprocessor
+    import sys
+    f = open(sys.argv[1])
+    input = f.read()
+
+    p = Preprocessor(lexer)
+    p.parse(input,sys.argv[1])
+    while True:
+        tok = p.token()
+        if not tok: break
+        print(p.source, tok)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/ctokens.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/ctokens.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6f6952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/ctokens.py
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ctokens.py
+#
+# Token specifications for symbols in ANSI C and C++.  This file is
+# meant to be used as a library in other tokenizers.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Reserved words
+
+tokens = [
+    # Literals (identifier, integer constant, float constant, string constant, char const)
+    'ID', 'TYPEID', 'INTEGER', 'FLOAT', 'STRING', 'CHARACTER',
+
+    # Operators (+,-,*,/,%,|,&,~,^,<<,>>, ||, &&, !, <, <=, >, >=, ==, !=)
+    'PLUS', 'MINUS', 'TIMES', 'DIVIDE', 'MODULO',
+    'OR', 'AND', 'NOT', 'XOR', 'LSHIFT', 'RSHIFT',
+    'LOR', 'LAND', 'LNOT',
+    'LT', 'LE', 'GT', 'GE', 'EQ', 'NE',
+    
+    # Assignment (=, *=, /=, %=, +=, -=, <<=, >>=, &=, ^=, |=)
+    'EQUALS', 'TIMESEQUAL', 'DIVEQUAL', 'MODEQUAL', 'PLUSEQUAL', 'MINUSEQUAL',
+    'LSHIFTEQUAL','RSHIFTEQUAL', 'ANDEQUAL', 'XOREQUAL', 'OREQUAL',
+
+    # Increment/decrement (++,--)
+    'INCREMENT', 'DECREMENT',
+
+    # Structure dereference (->)
+    'ARROW',
+
+    # Ternary operator (?)
+    'TERNARY',
+    
+    # Delimeters ( ) [ ] { } , . ; :
+    'LPAREN', 'RPAREN',
+    'LBRACKET', 'RBRACKET',
+    'LBRACE', 'RBRACE',
+    'COMMA', 'PERIOD', 'SEMI', 'COLON',
+
+    # Ellipsis (...)
+    'ELLIPSIS',
+]
+    
+# Operators
+t_PLUS             = r'\+'
+t_MINUS            = r'-'
+t_TIMES            = r'\*'
+t_DIVIDE           = r'/'
+t_MODULO           = r'%'
+t_OR               = r'\|'
+t_AND              = r'&'
+t_NOT              = r'~'
+t_XOR              = r'\^'
+t_LSHIFT           = r'<<'
+t_RSHIFT           = r'>>'
+t_LOR              = r'\|\|'
+t_LAND             = r'&&'
+t_LNOT             = r'!'
+t_LT               = r'<'
+t_GT               = r'>'
+t_LE               = r'<='
+t_GE               = r'>='
+t_EQ               = r'=='
+t_NE               = r'!='
+
+# Assignment operators
+
+t_EQUALS           = r'='
+t_TIMESEQUAL       = r'\*='
+t_DIVEQUAL         = r'/='
+t_MODEQUAL         = r'%='
+t_PLUSEQUAL        = r'\+='
+t_MINUSEQUAL       = r'-='
+t_LSHIFTEQUAL      = r'<<='
+t_RSHIFTEQUAL      = r'>>='
+t_ANDEQUAL         = r'&='
+t_OREQUAL          = r'\|='
+t_XOREQUAL         = r'\^='
+
+# Increment/decrement
+t_INCREMENT        = r'\+\+'
+t_DECREMENT        = r'--'
+
+# ->
+t_ARROW            = r'->'
+
+# ?
+t_TERNARY          = r'\?'
+
+# Delimeters
+t_LPAREN           = r'\('
+t_RPAREN           = r'\)'
+t_LBRACKET         = r'\['
+t_RBRACKET         = r'\]'
+t_LBRACE           = r'\{'
+t_RBRACE           = r'\}'
+t_COMMA            = r','
+t_PERIOD           = r'\.'
+t_SEMI             = r';'
+t_COLON            = r':'
+t_ELLIPSIS         = r'\.\.\.'
+
+# Identifiers
+t_ID = r'[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*'
+
+# Integer literal
+t_INTEGER = r'\d+([uU]|[lL]|[uU][lL]|[lL][uU])?'
+
+# Floating literal
+t_FLOAT = r'((\d+)(\.\d+)(e(\+|-)?(\d+))? | (\d+)e(\+|-)?(\d+))([lL]|[fF])?'
+
+# String literal
+t_STRING = r'\"([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\"'
+
+# Character constant 'c' or L'c'
+t_CHARACTER = r'(L)?\'([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\''
+
+# Comment (C-Style)
+def t_COMMENT(t):
+    r'/\*(.|\n)*?\*/'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count('\n')
+    return t
+
+# Comment (C++-Style)
+def t_CPPCOMMENT(t):
+    r'//.*\n'
+    t.lexer.lineno += 1
+    return t
+
+
+    
+
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/lex.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/lex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bdd76c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/lex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1099 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ply: lex.py
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2001-2017
+# David M. Beazley (Dabeaz LLC)
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+#   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+#   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+#   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+# * Neither the name of the David Beazley or Dabeaz LLC may be used to
+#   endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+#  specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+__version__    = '3.10'
+__tabversion__ = '3.10'
+
+import re
+import sys
+import types
+import copy
+import os
+import inspect
+
+# This tuple contains known string types
+try:
+    # Python 2.6
+    StringTypes = (types.StringType, types.UnicodeType)
+except AttributeError:
+    # Python 3.0
+    StringTypes = (str, bytes)
+
+# This regular expression is used to match valid token names
+_is_identifier = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$')
+
+# Exception thrown when invalid token encountered and no default error
+# handler is defined.
+class LexError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, message, s):
+        self.args = (message,)
+        self.text = s
+
+
+# Token class.  This class is used to represent the tokens produced.
+class LexToken(object):
+    def __str__(self):
+        return 'LexToken(%s,%r,%d,%d)' % (self.type, self.value, self.lineno, self.lexpos)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(self)
+
+
+# This object is a stand-in for a logging object created by the
+# logging module.
+
+class PlyLogger(object):
+    def __init__(self, f):
+        self.f = f
+
+    def critical(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.f.write((msg % args) + '\n')
+
+    def warning(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.f.write('WARNING: ' + (msg % args) + '\n')
+
+    def error(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.f.write('ERROR: ' + (msg % args) + '\n')
+
+    info = critical
+    debug = critical
+
+
+# Null logger is used when no output is generated. Does nothing.
+class NullLogger(object):
+    def __getattribute__(self, name):
+        return self
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                        === Lexing Engine ===
+#
+# The following Lexer class implements the lexer runtime.   There are only
+# a few public methods and attributes:
+#
+#    input()          -  Store a new string in the lexer
+#    token()          -  Get the next token
+#    clone()          -  Clone the lexer
+#
+#    lineno           -  Current line number
+#    lexpos           -  Current position in the input string
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Lexer:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.lexre = None             # Master regular expression. This is a list of
+                                      # tuples (re, findex) where re is a compiled
+                                      # regular expression and findex is a list
+                                      # mapping regex group numbers to rules
+        self.lexretext = None         # Current regular expression strings
+        self.lexstatere = {}          # Dictionary mapping lexer states to master regexs
+        self.lexstateretext = {}      # Dictionary mapping lexer states to regex strings
+        self.lexstaterenames = {}     # Dictionary mapping lexer states to symbol names
+        self.lexstate = 'INITIAL'     # Current lexer state
+        self.lexstatestack = []       # Stack of lexer states
+        self.lexstateinfo = None      # State information
+        self.lexstateignore = {}      # Dictionary of ignored characters for each state
+        self.lexstateerrorf = {}      # Dictionary of error functions for each state
+        self.lexstateeoff = {}        # Dictionary of eof functions for each state
+        self.lexreflags = 0           # Optional re compile flags
+        self.lexdata = None           # Actual input data (as a string)
+        self.lexpos = 0               # Current position in input text
+        self.lexlen = 0               # Length of the input text
+        self.lexerrorf = None         # Error rule (if any)
+        self.lexeoff = None           # EOF rule (if any)
+        self.lextokens = None         # List of valid tokens
+        self.lexignore = ''           # Ignored characters
+        self.lexliterals = ''         # Literal characters that can be passed through
+        self.lexmodule = None         # Module
+        self.lineno = 1               # Current line number
+        self.lexoptimize = False      # Optimized mode
+
+    def clone(self, object=None):
+        c = copy.copy(self)
+
+        # If the object parameter has been supplied, it means we are attaching the
+        # lexer to a new object.  In this case, we have to rebind all methods in
+        # the lexstatere and lexstateerrorf tables.
+
+        if object:
+            newtab = {}
+            for key, ritem in self.lexstatere.items():
+                newre = []
+                for cre, findex in ritem:
+                    newfindex = []
+                    for f in findex:
+                        if not f or not f[0]:
+                            newfindex.append(f)
+                            continue
+                        newfindex.append((getattr(object, f[0].__name__), f[1]))
+                newre.append((cre, newfindex))
+                newtab[key] = newre
+            c.lexstatere = newtab
+            c.lexstateerrorf = {}
+            for key, ef in self.lexstateerrorf.items():
+                c.lexstateerrorf[key] = getattr(object, ef.__name__)
+            c.lexmodule = object
+        return c
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # writetab() - Write lexer information to a table file
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def writetab(self, lextab, outputdir=''):
+        if isinstance(lextab, types.ModuleType):
+            raise IOError("Won't overwrite existing lextab module")
+        basetabmodule = lextab.split('.')[-1]
+        filename = os.path.join(outputdir, basetabmodule) + '.py'
+        with open(filename, 'w') as tf:
+            tf.write('# %s.py. This file automatically created by PLY (version %s). Don\'t edit!\n' % (basetabmodule, __version__))
+            tf.write('_tabversion   = %s\n' % repr(__tabversion__))
+            tf.write('_lextokens    = set(%s)\n' % repr(tuple(self.lextokens)))
+            tf.write('_lexreflags   = %s\n' % repr(self.lexreflags))
+            tf.write('_lexliterals  = %s\n' % repr(self.lexliterals))
+            tf.write('_lexstateinfo = %s\n' % repr(self.lexstateinfo))
+
+            # Rewrite the lexstatere table, replacing function objects with function names
+            tabre = {}
+            for statename, lre in self.lexstatere.items():
+                titem = []
+                for (pat, func), retext, renames in zip(lre, self.lexstateretext[statename], self.lexstaterenames[statename]):
+                    titem.append((retext, _funcs_to_names(func, renames)))
+                tabre[statename] = titem
+
+            tf.write('_lexstatere   = %s\n' % repr(tabre))
+            tf.write('_lexstateignore = %s\n' % repr(self.lexstateignore))
+
+            taberr = {}
+            for statename, ef in self.lexstateerrorf.items():
+                taberr[statename] = ef.__name__ if ef else None
+            tf.write('_lexstateerrorf = %s\n' % repr(taberr))
+
+            tabeof = {}
+            for statename, ef in self.lexstateeoff.items():
+                tabeof[statename] = ef.__name__ if ef else None
+            tf.write('_lexstateeoff = %s\n' % repr(tabeof))
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # readtab() - Read lexer information from a tab file
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def readtab(self, tabfile, fdict):
+        if isinstance(tabfile, types.ModuleType):
+            lextab = tabfile
+        else:
+            exec('import %s' % tabfile)
+            lextab = sys.modules[tabfile]
+
+        if getattr(lextab, '_tabversion', '0.0') != __tabversion__:
+            raise ImportError('Inconsistent PLY version')
+
+        self.lextokens      = lextab._lextokens
+        self.lexreflags     = lextab._lexreflags
+        self.lexliterals    = lextab._lexliterals
+        self.lextokens_all  = self.lextokens | set(self.lexliterals)
+        self.lexstateinfo   = lextab._lexstateinfo
+        self.lexstateignore = lextab._lexstateignore
+        self.lexstatere     = {}
+        self.lexstateretext = {}
+        for statename, lre in lextab._lexstatere.items():
+            titem = []
+            txtitem = []
+            for pat, func_name in lre:
+                titem.append((re.compile(pat, lextab._lexreflags), _names_to_funcs(func_name, fdict)))
+
+            self.lexstatere[statename] = titem
+            self.lexstateretext[statename] = txtitem
+
+        self.lexstateerrorf = {}
+        for statename, ef in lextab._lexstateerrorf.items():
+            self.lexstateerrorf[statename] = fdict[ef]
+
+        self.lexstateeoff = {}
+        for statename, ef in lextab._lexstateeoff.items():
+            self.lexstateeoff[statename] = fdict[ef]
+
+        self.begin('INITIAL')
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # input() - Push a new string into the lexer
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def input(self, s):
+        # Pull off the first character to see if s looks like a string
+        c = s[:1]
+        if not isinstance(c, StringTypes):
+            raise ValueError('Expected a string')
+        self.lexdata = s
+        self.lexpos = 0
+        self.lexlen = len(s)
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # begin() - Changes the lexing state
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def begin(self, state):
+        if state not in self.lexstatere:
+            raise ValueError('Undefined state')
+        self.lexre = self.lexstatere[state]
+        self.lexretext = self.lexstateretext[state]
+        self.lexignore = self.lexstateignore.get(state, '')
+        self.lexerrorf = self.lexstateerrorf.get(state, None)
+        self.lexeoff = self.lexstateeoff.get(state, None)
+        self.lexstate = state
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # push_state() - Changes the lexing state and saves old on stack
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def push_state(self, state):
+        self.lexstatestack.append(self.lexstate)
+        self.begin(state)
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # pop_state() - Restores the previous state
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def pop_state(self):
+        self.begin(self.lexstatestack.pop())
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # current_state() - Returns the current lexing state
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def current_state(self):
+        return self.lexstate
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # skip() - Skip ahead n characters
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def skip(self, n):
+        self.lexpos += n
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # opttoken() - Return the next token from the Lexer
+    #
+    # Note: This function has been carefully implemented to be as fast
+    # as possible.  Don't make changes unless you really know what
+    # you are doing
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def token(self):
+        # Make local copies of frequently referenced attributes
+        lexpos    = self.lexpos
+        lexlen    = self.lexlen
+        lexignore = self.lexignore
+        lexdata   = self.lexdata
+
+        while lexpos < lexlen:
+            # This code provides some short-circuit code for whitespace, tabs, and other ignored characters
+            if lexdata[lexpos] in lexignore:
+                lexpos += 1
+                continue
+
+            # Look for a regular expression match
+            for lexre, lexindexfunc in self.lexre:
+                m = lexre.match(lexdata, lexpos)
+                if not m:
+                    continue
+
+                # Create a token for return
+                tok = LexToken()
+                tok.value = m.group()
+                tok.lineno = self.lineno
+                tok.lexpos = lexpos
+
+                i = m.lastindex
+                func, tok.type = lexindexfunc[i]
+
+                if not func:
+                    # If no token type was set, it's an ignored token
+                    if tok.type:
+                        self.lexpos = m.end()
+                        return tok
+                    else:
+                        lexpos = m.end()
+                        break
+
+                lexpos = m.end()
+
+                # If token is processed by a function, call it
+
+                tok.lexer = self      # Set additional attributes useful in token rules
+                self.lexmatch = m
+                self.lexpos = lexpos
+
+                newtok = func(tok)
+
+                # Every function must return a token, if nothing, we just move to next token
+                if not newtok:
+                    lexpos    = self.lexpos         # This is here in case user has updated lexpos.
+                    lexignore = self.lexignore      # This is here in case there was a state change
+                    break
+
+                # Verify type of the token.  If not in the token map, raise an error
+                if not self.lexoptimize:
+                    if newtok.type not in self.lextokens_all:
+                        raise LexError("%s:%d: Rule '%s' returned an unknown token type '%s'" % (
+                            func.__code__.co_filename, func.__code__.co_firstlineno,
+                            func.__name__, newtok.type), lexdata[lexpos:])
+
+                return newtok
+            else:
+                # No match, see if in literals
+                if lexdata[lexpos] in self.lexliterals:
+                    tok = LexToken()
+                    tok.value = lexdata[lexpos]
+                    tok.lineno = self.lineno
+                    tok.type = tok.value
+                    tok.lexpos = lexpos
+                    self.lexpos = lexpos + 1
+                    return tok
+
+                # No match. Call t_error() if defined.
+                if self.lexerrorf:
+                    tok = LexToken()
+                    tok.value = self.lexdata[lexpos:]
+                    tok.lineno = self.lineno
+                    tok.type = 'error'
+                    tok.lexer = self
+                    tok.lexpos = lexpos
+                    self.lexpos = lexpos
+                    newtok = self.lexerrorf(tok)
+                    if lexpos == self.lexpos:
+                        # Error method didn't change text position at all. This is an error.
+                        raise LexError("Scanning error. Illegal character '%s'" % (lexdata[lexpos]), lexdata[lexpos:])
+                    lexpos = self.lexpos
+                    if not newtok:
+                        continue
+                    return newtok
+
+                self.lexpos = lexpos
+                raise LexError("Illegal character '%s' at index %d" % (lexdata[lexpos], lexpos), lexdata[lexpos:])
+
+        if self.lexeoff:
+            tok = LexToken()
+            tok.type = 'eof'
+            tok.value = ''
+            tok.lineno = self.lineno
+            tok.lexpos = lexpos
+            tok.lexer = self
+            self.lexpos = lexpos
+            newtok = self.lexeoff(tok)
+            return newtok
+
+        self.lexpos = lexpos + 1
+        if self.lexdata is None:
+            raise RuntimeError('No input string given with input()')
+        return None
+
+    # Iterator interface
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def next(self):
+        t = self.token()
+        if t is None:
+            raise StopIteration
+        return t
+
+    __next__ = next
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                           ==== Lex Builder ===
+#
+# The functions and classes below are used to collect lexing information
+# and build a Lexer object from it.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _get_regex(func)
+#
+# Returns the regular expression assigned to a function either as a doc string
+# or as a .regex attribute attached by the @TOKEN decorator.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def _get_regex(func):
+    return getattr(func, 'regex', func.__doc__)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# get_caller_module_dict()
+#
+# This function returns a dictionary containing all of the symbols defined within
+# a caller further down the call stack.  This is used to get the environment
+# associated with the yacc() call if none was provided.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def get_caller_module_dict(levels):
+    f = sys._getframe(levels)
+    ldict = f.f_globals.copy()
+    if f.f_globals != f.f_locals:
+        ldict.update(f.f_locals)
+    return ldict
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _funcs_to_names()
+#
+# Given a list of regular expression functions, this converts it to a list
+# suitable for output to a table file
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def _funcs_to_names(funclist, namelist):
+    result = []
+    for f, name in zip(funclist, namelist):
+        if f and f[0]:
+            result.append((name, f[1]))
+        else:
+            result.append(f)
+    return result
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _names_to_funcs()
+#
+# Given a list of regular expression function names, this converts it back to
+# functions.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def _names_to_funcs(namelist, fdict):
+    result = []
+    for n in namelist:
+        if n and n[0]:
+            result.append((fdict[n[0]], n[1]))
+        else:
+            result.append(n)
+    return result
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _form_master_re()
+#
+# This function takes a list of all of the regex components and attempts to
+# form the master regular expression.  Given limitations in the Python re
+# module, it may be necessary to break the master regex into separate expressions.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def _form_master_re(relist, reflags, ldict, toknames):
+    if not relist:
+        return []
+    regex = '|'.join(relist)
+    try:
+        lexre = re.compile(regex, reflags)
+
+        # Build the index to function map for the matching engine
+        lexindexfunc = [None] * (max(lexre.groupindex.values()) + 1)
+        lexindexnames = lexindexfunc[:]
+
+        for f, i in lexre.groupindex.items():
+            handle = ldict.get(f, None)
+            if type(handle) in (types.FunctionType, types.MethodType):
+                lexindexfunc[i] = (handle, toknames[f])
+                lexindexnames[i] = f
+            elif handle is not None:
+                lexindexnames[i] = f
+                if f.find('ignore_') > 0:
+                    lexindexfunc[i] = (None, None)
+                else:
+                    lexindexfunc[i] = (None, toknames[f])
+
+        return [(lexre, lexindexfunc)], [regex], [lexindexnames]
+    except Exception:
+        m = int(len(relist)/2)
+        if m == 0:
+            m = 1
+        llist, lre, lnames = _form_master_re(relist[:m], reflags, ldict, toknames)
+        rlist, rre, rnames = _form_master_re(relist[m:], reflags, ldict, toknames)
+        return (llist+rlist), (lre+rre), (lnames+rnames)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# def _statetoken(s,names)
+#
+# Given a declaration name s of the form "t_" and a dictionary whose keys are
+# state names, this function returns a tuple (states,tokenname) where states
+# is a tuple of state names and tokenname is the name of the token.  For example,
+# calling this with s = "t_foo_bar_SPAM" might return (('foo','bar'),'SPAM')
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def _statetoken(s, names):
+    nonstate = 1
+    parts = s.split('_')
+    for i, part in enumerate(parts[1:], 1):
+        if part not in names and part != 'ANY':
+            break
+
+    if i > 1:
+        states = tuple(parts[1:i])
+    else:
+        states = ('INITIAL',)
+
+    if 'ANY' in states:
+        states = tuple(names)
+
+    tokenname = '_'.join(parts[i:])
+    return (states, tokenname)
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# LexerReflect()
+#
+# This class represents information needed to build a lexer as extracted from a
+# user's input file.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+class LexerReflect(object):
+    def __init__(self, ldict, log=None, reflags=0):
+        self.ldict      = ldict
+        self.error_func = None
+        self.tokens     = []
+        self.reflags    = reflags
+        self.stateinfo  = {'INITIAL': 'inclusive'}
+        self.modules    = set()
+        self.error      = False
+        self.log        = PlyLogger(sys.stderr) if log is None else log
+
+    # Get all of the basic information
+    def get_all(self):
+        self.get_tokens()
+        self.get_literals()
+        self.get_states()
+        self.get_rules()
+
+    # Validate all of the information
+    def validate_all(self):
+        self.validate_tokens()
+        self.validate_literals()
+        self.validate_rules()
+        return self.error
+
+    # Get the tokens map
+    def get_tokens(self):
+        tokens = self.ldict.get('tokens', None)
+        if not tokens:
+            self.log.error('No token list is defined')
+            self.error = True
+            return
+
+        if not isinstance(tokens, (list, tuple)):
+            self.log.error('tokens must be a list or tuple')
+            self.error = True
+            return
+
+        if not tokens:
+            self.log.error('tokens is empty')
+            self.error = True
+            return
+
+        self.tokens = tokens
+
+    # Validate the tokens
+    def validate_tokens(self):
+        terminals = {}
+        for n in self.tokens:
+            if not _is_identifier.match(n):
+                self.log.error("Bad token name '%s'", n)
+                self.error = True
+            if n in terminals:
+                self.log.warning("Token '%s' multiply defined", n)
+            terminals[n] = 1
+
+    # Get the literals specifier
+    def get_literals(self):
+        self.literals = self.ldict.get('literals', '')
+        if not self.literals:
+            self.literals = ''
+
+    # Validate literals
+    def validate_literals(self):
+        try:
+            for c in self.literals:
+                if not isinstance(c, StringTypes) or len(c) > 1:
+                    self.log.error('Invalid literal %s. Must be a single character', repr(c))
+                    self.error = True
+
+        except TypeError:
+            self.log.error('Invalid literals specification. literals must be a sequence of characters')
+            self.error = True
+
+    def get_states(self):
+        self.states = self.ldict.get('states', None)
+        # Build statemap
+        if self.states:
+            if not isinstance(self.states, (tuple, list)):
+                self.log.error('states must be defined as a tuple or list')
+                self.error = True
+            else:
+                for s in self.states:
+                    if not isinstance(s, tuple) or len(s) != 2:
+                        self.log.error("Invalid state specifier %s. Must be a tuple (statename,'exclusive|inclusive')", repr(s))
+                        self.error = True
+                        continue
+                    name, statetype = s
+                    if not isinstance(name, StringTypes):
+                        self.log.error('State name %s must be a string', repr(name))
+                        self.error = True
+                        continue
+                    if not (statetype == 'inclusive' or statetype == 'exclusive'):
+                        self.log.error("State type for state %s must be 'inclusive' or 'exclusive'", name)
+                        self.error = True
+                        continue
+                    if name in self.stateinfo:
+                        self.log.error("State '%s' already defined", name)
+                        self.error = True
+                        continue
+                    self.stateinfo[name] = statetype
+
+    # Get all of the symbols with a t_ prefix and sort them into various
+    # categories (functions, strings, error functions, and ignore characters)
+
+    def get_rules(self):
+        tsymbols = [f for f in self.ldict if f[:2] == 't_']
+
+        # Now build up a list of functions and a list of strings
+        self.toknames = {}        # Mapping of symbols to token names
+        self.funcsym  = {}        # Symbols defined as functions
+        self.strsym   = {}        # Symbols defined as strings
+        self.ignore   = {}        # Ignore strings by state
+        self.errorf   = {}        # Error functions by state
+        self.eoff     = {}        # EOF functions by state
+
+        for s in self.stateinfo:
+            self.funcsym[s] = []
+            self.strsym[s] = []
+
+        if len(tsymbols) == 0:
+            self.log.error('No rules of the form t_rulename are defined')
+            self.error = True
+            return
+
+        for f in tsymbols:
+            t = self.ldict[f]
+            states, tokname = _statetoken(f, self.stateinfo)
+            self.toknames[f] = tokname
+
+            if hasattr(t, '__call__'):
+                if tokname == 'error':
+                    for s in states:
+                        self.errorf[s] = t
+                elif tokname == 'eof':
+                    for s in states:
+                        self.eoff[s] = t
+                elif tokname == 'ignore':
+                    line = t.__code__.co_firstlineno
+                    file = t.__code__.co_filename
+                    self.log.error("%s:%d: Rule '%s' must be defined as a string", file, line, t.__name__)
+                    self.error = True
+                else:
+                    for s in states:
+                        self.funcsym[s].append((f, t))
+            elif isinstance(t, StringTypes):
+                if tokname == 'ignore':
+                    for s in states:
+                        self.ignore[s] = t
+                    if '\\' in t:
+                        self.log.warning("%s contains a literal backslash '\\'", f)
+
+                elif tokname == 'error':
+                    self.log.error("Rule '%s' must be defined as a function", f)
+                    self.error = True
+                else:
+                    for s in states:
+                        self.strsym[s].append((f, t))
+            else:
+                self.log.error('%s not defined as a function or string', f)
+                self.error = True
+
+        # Sort the functions by line number
+        for f in self.funcsym.values():
+            f.sort(key=lambda x: x[1].__code__.co_firstlineno)
+
+        # Sort the strings by regular expression length
+        for s in self.strsym.values():
+            s.sort(key=lambda x: len(x[1]), reverse=True)
+
+    # Validate all of the t_rules collected
+    def validate_rules(self):
+        for state in self.stateinfo:
+            # Validate all rules defined by functions
+
+            for fname, f in self.funcsym[state]:
+                line = f.__code__.co_firstlineno
+                file = f.__code__.co_filename
+                module = inspect.getmodule(f)
+                self.modules.add(module)
+
+                tokname = self.toknames[fname]
+                if isinstance(f, types.MethodType):
+                    reqargs = 2
+                else:
+                    reqargs = 1
+                nargs = f.__code__.co_argcount
+                if nargs > reqargs:
+                    self.log.error("%s:%d: Rule '%s' has too many arguments", file, line, f.__name__)
+                    self.error = True
+                    continue
+
+                if nargs < reqargs:
+                    self.log.error("%s:%d: Rule '%s' requires an argument", file, line, f.__name__)
+                    self.error = True
+                    continue
+
+                if not _get_regex(f):
+                    self.log.error("%s:%d: No regular expression defined for rule '%s'", file, line, f.__name__)
+                    self.error = True
+                    continue
+
+                try:
+                    c = re.compile('(?P<%s>%s)' % (fname, _get_regex(f)), self.reflags)
+                    if c.match(''):
+                        self.log.error("%s:%d: Regular expression for rule '%s' matches empty string", file, line, f.__name__)
+                        self.error = True
+                except re.error as e:
+                    self.log.error("%s:%d: Invalid regular expression for rule '%s'. %s", file, line, f.__name__, e)
+                    if '#' in _get_regex(f):
+                        self.log.error("%s:%d. Make sure '#' in rule '%s' is escaped with '\\#'", file, line, f.__name__)
+                    self.error = True
+
+            # Validate all rules defined by strings
+            for name, r in self.strsym[state]:
+                tokname = self.toknames[name]
+                if tokname == 'error':
+                    self.log.error("Rule '%s' must be defined as a function", name)
+                    self.error = True
+                    continue
+
+                if tokname not in self.tokens and tokname.find('ignore_') < 0:
+                    self.log.error("Rule '%s' defined for an unspecified token %s", name, tokname)
+                    self.error = True
+                    continue
+
+                try:
+                    c = re.compile('(?P<%s>%s)' % (name, r), self.reflags)
+                    if (c.match('')):
+                        self.log.error("Regular expression for rule '%s' matches empty string", name)
+                        self.error = True
+                except re.error as e:
+                    self.log.error("Invalid regular expression for rule '%s'. %s", name, e)
+                    if '#' in r:
+                        self.log.error("Make sure '#' in rule '%s' is escaped with '\\#'", name)
+                    self.error = True
+
+            if not self.funcsym[state] and not self.strsym[state]:
+                self.log.error("No rules defined for state '%s'", state)
+                self.error = True
+
+            # Validate the error function
+            efunc = self.errorf.get(state, None)
+            if efunc:
+                f = efunc
+                line = f.__code__.co_firstlineno
+                file = f.__code__.co_filename
+                module = inspect.getmodule(f)
+                self.modules.add(module)
+
+                if isinstance(f, types.MethodType):
+                    reqargs = 2
+                else:
+                    reqargs = 1
+                nargs = f.__code__.co_argcount
+                if nargs > reqargs:
+                    self.log.error("%s:%d: Rule '%s' has too many arguments", file, line, f.__name__)
+                    self.error = True
+
+                if nargs < reqargs:
+                    self.log.error("%s:%d: Rule '%s' requires an argument", file, line, f.__name__)
+                    self.error = True
+
+        for module in self.modules:
+            self.validate_module(module)
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # validate_module()
+    #
+    # This checks to see if there are duplicated t_rulename() functions or strings
+    # in the parser input file.  This is done using a simple regular expression
+    # match on each line in the source code of the given module.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def validate_module(self, module):
+        try:
+            lines, linen = inspect.getsourcelines(module)
+        except IOError:
+            return
+
+        fre = re.compile(r'\s*def\s+(t_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)\(')
+        sre = re.compile(r'\s*(t_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)\s*=')
+
+        counthash = {}
+        linen += 1
+        for line in lines:
+            m = fre.match(line)
+            if not m:
+                m = sre.match(line)
+            if m:
+                name = m.group(1)
+                prev = counthash.get(name)
+                if not prev:
+                    counthash[name] = linen
+                else:
+                    filename = inspect.getsourcefile(module)
+                    self.log.error('%s:%d: Rule %s redefined. Previously defined on line %d', filename, linen, name, prev)
+                    self.error = True
+            linen += 1
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# lex(module)
+#
+# Build all of the regular expression rules from definitions in the supplied module
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def lex(module=None, object=None, debug=False, optimize=False, lextab='lextab',
+        reflags=int(re.VERBOSE), nowarn=False, outputdir=None, debuglog=None, errorlog=None):
+
+    if lextab is None:
+        lextab = 'lextab'
+
+    global lexer
+
+    ldict = None
+    stateinfo  = {'INITIAL': 'inclusive'}
+    lexobj = Lexer()
+    lexobj.lexoptimize = optimize
+    global token, input
+
+    if errorlog is None:
+        errorlog = PlyLogger(sys.stderr)
+
+    if debug:
+        if debuglog is None:
+            debuglog = PlyLogger(sys.stderr)
+
+    # Get the module dictionary used for the lexer
+    if object:
+        module = object
+
+    # Get the module dictionary used for the parser
+    if module:
+        _items = [(k, getattr(module, k)) for k in dir(module)]
+        ldict = dict(_items)
+        # If no __file__ attribute is available, try to obtain it from the __module__ instead
+        if '__file__' not in ldict:
+            ldict['__file__'] = sys.modules[ldict['__module__']].__file__
+    else:
+        ldict = get_caller_module_dict(2)
+
+    # Determine if the module is package of a package or not.
+    # If so, fix the tabmodule setting so that tables load correctly
+    pkg = ldict.get('__package__')
+    if pkg and isinstance(lextab, str):
+        if '.' not in lextab:
+            lextab = pkg + '.' + lextab
+
+    # Collect parser information from the dictionary
+    linfo = LexerReflect(ldict, log=errorlog, reflags=reflags)
+    linfo.get_all()
+    if not optimize:
+        if linfo.validate_all():
+            raise SyntaxError("Can't build lexer")
+
+    if optimize and lextab:
+        try:
+            lexobj.readtab(lextab, ldict)
+            token = lexobj.token
+            input = lexobj.input
+            lexer = lexobj
+            return lexobj
+
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+
+    # Dump some basic debugging information
+    if debug:
+        debuglog.info('lex: tokens   = %r', linfo.tokens)
+        debuglog.info('lex: literals = %r', linfo.literals)
+        debuglog.info('lex: states   = %r', linfo.stateinfo)
+
+    # Build a dictionary of valid token names
+    lexobj.lextokens = set()
+    for n in linfo.tokens:
+        lexobj.lextokens.add(n)
+
+    # Get literals specification
+    if isinstance(linfo.literals, (list, tuple)):
+        lexobj.lexliterals = type(linfo.literals[0])().join(linfo.literals)
+    else:
+        lexobj.lexliterals = linfo.literals
+
+    lexobj.lextokens_all = lexobj.lextokens | set(lexobj.lexliterals)
+
+    # Get the stateinfo dictionary
+    stateinfo = linfo.stateinfo
+
+    regexs = {}
+    # Build the master regular expressions
+    for state in stateinfo:
+        regex_list = []
+
+        # Add rules defined by functions first
+        for fname, f in linfo.funcsym[state]:
+            line = f.__code__.co_firstlineno
+            file = f.__code__.co_filename
+            regex_list.append('(?P<%s>%s)' % (fname, _get_regex(f)))
+            if debug:
+                debuglog.info("lex: Adding rule %s -> '%s' (state '%s')", fname, _get_regex(f), state)
+
+        # Now add all of the simple rules
+        for name, r in linfo.strsym[state]:
+            regex_list.append('(?P<%s>%s)' % (name, r))
+            if debug:
+                debuglog.info("lex: Adding rule %s -> '%s' (state '%s')", name, r, state)
+
+        regexs[state] = regex_list
+
+    # Build the master regular expressions
+
+    if debug:
+        debuglog.info('lex: ==== MASTER REGEXS FOLLOW ====')
+
+    for state in regexs:
+        lexre, re_text, re_names = _form_master_re(regexs[state], reflags, ldict, linfo.toknames)
+        lexobj.lexstatere[state] = lexre
+        lexobj.lexstateretext[state] = re_text
+        lexobj.lexstaterenames[state] = re_names
+        if debug:
+            for i, text in enumerate(re_text):
+                debuglog.info("lex: state '%s' : regex[%d] = '%s'", state, i, text)
+
+    # For inclusive states, we need to add the regular expressions from the INITIAL state
+    for state, stype in stateinfo.items():
+        if state != 'INITIAL' and stype == 'inclusive':
+            lexobj.lexstatere[state].extend(lexobj.lexstatere['INITIAL'])
+            lexobj.lexstateretext[state].extend(lexobj.lexstateretext['INITIAL'])
+            lexobj.lexstaterenames[state].extend(lexobj.lexstaterenames['INITIAL'])
+
+    lexobj.lexstateinfo = stateinfo
+    lexobj.lexre = lexobj.lexstatere['INITIAL']
+    lexobj.lexretext = lexobj.lexstateretext['INITIAL']
+    lexobj.lexreflags = reflags
+
+    # Set up ignore variables
+    lexobj.lexstateignore = linfo.ignore
+    lexobj.lexignore = lexobj.lexstateignore.get('INITIAL', '')
+
+    # Set up error functions
+    lexobj.lexstateerrorf = linfo.errorf
+    lexobj.lexerrorf = linfo.errorf.get('INITIAL', None)
+    if not lexobj.lexerrorf:
+        errorlog.warning('No t_error rule is defined')
+
+    # Set up eof functions
+    lexobj.lexstateeoff = linfo.eoff
+    lexobj.lexeoff = linfo.eoff.get('INITIAL', None)
+
+    # Check state information for ignore and error rules
+    for s, stype in stateinfo.items():
+        if stype == 'exclusive':
+            if s not in linfo.errorf:
+                errorlog.warning("No error rule is defined for exclusive state '%s'", s)
+            if s not in linfo.ignore and lexobj.lexignore:
+                errorlog.warning("No ignore rule is defined for exclusive state '%s'", s)
+        elif stype == 'inclusive':
+            if s not in linfo.errorf:
+                linfo.errorf[s] = linfo.errorf.get('INITIAL', None)
+            if s not in linfo.ignore:
+                linfo.ignore[s] = linfo.ignore.get('INITIAL', '')
+
+    # Create global versions of the token() and input() functions
+    token = lexobj.token
+    input = lexobj.input
+    lexer = lexobj
+
+    # If in optimize mode, we write the lextab
+    if lextab and optimize:
+        if outputdir is None:
+            # If no output directory is set, the location of the output files
+            # is determined according to the following rules:
+            #     - If lextab specifies a package, files go into that package directory
+            #     - Otherwise, files go in the same directory as the specifying module
+            if isinstance(lextab, types.ModuleType):
+                srcfile = lextab.__file__
+            else:
+                if '.' not in lextab:
+                    srcfile = ldict['__file__']
+                else:
+                    parts = lextab.split('.')
+                    pkgname = '.'.join(parts[:-1])
+                    exec('import %s' % pkgname)
+                    srcfile = getattr(sys.modules[pkgname], '__file__', '')
+            outputdir = os.path.dirname(srcfile)
+        try:
+            lexobj.writetab(lextab, outputdir)
+        except IOError as e:
+            errorlog.warning("Couldn't write lextab module %r. %s" % (lextab, e))
+
+    return lexobj
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# runmain()
+#
+# This runs the lexer as a main program
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def runmain(lexer=None, data=None):
+    if not data:
+        try:
+            filename = sys.argv[1]
+            f = open(filename)
+            data = f.read()
+            f.close()
+        except IndexError:
+            sys.stdout.write('Reading from standard input (type EOF to end):\n')
+            data = sys.stdin.read()
+
+    if lexer:
+        _input = lexer.input
+    else:
+        _input = input
+    _input(data)
+    if lexer:
+        _token = lexer.token
+    else:
+        _token = token
+
+    while True:
+        tok = _token()
+        if not tok:
+            break
+        sys.stdout.write('(%s,%r,%d,%d)\n' % (tok.type, tok.value, tok.lineno, tok.lexpos))
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# @TOKEN(regex)
+#
+# This decorator function can be used to set the regex expression on a function
+# when its docstring might need to be set in an alternative way
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def TOKEN(r):
+    def set_regex(f):
+        if hasattr(r, '__call__'):
+            f.regex = _get_regex(r)
+        else:
+            f.regex = r
+        return f
+    return set_regex
+
+# Alternative spelling of the TOKEN decorator
+Token = TOKEN
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/yacc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/yacc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20b4f28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/yacc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3494 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ply: yacc.py
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2001-2017
+# David M. Beazley (Dabeaz LLC)
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+#   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+#   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+#   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+# * Neither the name of the David Beazley or Dabeaz LLC may be used to
+#   endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+#  specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# This implements an LR parser that is constructed from grammar rules defined
+# as Python functions. The grammer is specified by supplying the BNF inside
+# Python documentation strings.  The inspiration for this technique was borrowed
+# from John Aycock's Spark parsing system.  PLY might be viewed as cross between
+# Spark and the GNU bison utility.
+#
+# The current implementation is only somewhat object-oriented. The
+# LR parser itself is defined in terms of an object (which allows multiple
+# parsers to co-exist).  However, most of the variables used during table
+# construction are defined in terms of global variables.  Users shouldn't
+# notice unless they are trying to define multiple parsers at the same
+# time using threads (in which case they should have their head examined).
+#
+# This implementation supports both SLR and LALR(1) parsing.  LALR(1)
+# support was originally implemented by Elias Ioup (ezioup@alumni.uchicago.edu),
+# using the algorithm found in Aho, Sethi, and Ullman "Compilers: Principles,
+# Techniques, and Tools" (The Dragon Book).  LALR(1) has since been replaced
+# by the more efficient DeRemer and Pennello algorithm.
+#
+# :::::::: WARNING :::::::
+#
+# Construction of LR parsing tables is fairly complicated and expensive.
+# To make this module run fast, a *LOT* of work has been put into
+# optimization---often at the expensive of readability and what might
+# consider to be good Python "coding style."   Modify the code at your
+# own risk!
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import re
+import types
+import sys
+import os.path
+import inspect
+import base64
+import warnings
+
+__version__    = '3.10'
+__tabversion__ = '3.10'
+
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                     === User configurable parameters ===
+#
+# Change these to modify the default behavior of yacc (if you wish)
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+yaccdebug   = True             # Debugging mode.  If set, yacc generates a
+                               # a 'parser.out' file in the current directory
+
+debug_file  = 'parser.out'     # Default name of the debugging file
+tab_module  = 'parsetab'       # Default name of the table module
+default_lr  = 'LALR'           # Default LR table generation method
+
+error_count = 3                # Number of symbols that must be shifted to leave recovery mode
+
+yaccdevel   = False            # Set to True if developing yacc.  This turns off optimized
+                               # implementations of certain functions.
+
+resultlimit = 40               # Size limit of results when running in debug mode.
+
+pickle_protocol = 0            # Protocol to use when writing pickle files
+
+# String type-checking compatibility
+if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+    string_types = basestring
+else:
+    string_types = str
+
+MAXINT = sys.maxsize
+
+# This object is a stand-in for a logging object created by the
+# logging module.   PLY will use this by default to create things
+# such as the parser.out file.  If a user wants more detailed
+# information, they can create their own logging object and pass
+# it into PLY.
+
+class PlyLogger(object):
+    def __init__(self, f):
+        self.f = f
+
+    def debug(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.f.write((msg % args) + '\n')
+
+    info = debug
+
+    def warning(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.f.write('WARNING: ' + (msg % args) + '\n')
+
+    def error(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.f.write('ERROR: ' + (msg % args) + '\n')
+
+    critical = debug
+
+# Null logger is used when no output is generated. Does nothing.
+class NullLogger(object):
+    def __getattribute__(self, name):
+        return self
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self
+
+# Exception raised for yacc-related errors
+class YaccError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+# Format the result message that the parser produces when running in debug mode.
+def format_result(r):
+    repr_str = repr(r)
+    if '\n' in repr_str:
+        repr_str = repr(repr_str)
+    if len(repr_str) > resultlimit:
+        repr_str = repr_str[:resultlimit] + ' ...'
+    result = '<%s @ 0x%x> (%s)' % (type(r).__name__, id(r), repr_str)
+    return result
+
+# Format stack entries when the parser is running in debug mode
+def format_stack_entry(r):
+    repr_str = repr(r)
+    if '\n' in repr_str:
+        repr_str = repr(repr_str)
+    if len(repr_str) < 16:
+        return repr_str
+    else:
+        return '<%s @ 0x%x>' % (type(r).__name__, id(r))
+
+# Panic mode error recovery support.   This feature is being reworked--much of the
+# code here is to offer a deprecation/backwards compatible transition
+
+_errok = None
+_token = None
+_restart = None
+_warnmsg = '''PLY: Don't use global functions errok(), token(), and restart() in p_error().
+Instead, invoke the methods on the associated parser instance:
+
+    def p_error(p):
+        ...
+        # Use parser.errok(), parser.token(), parser.restart()
+        ...
+
+    parser = yacc.yacc()
+'''
+
+def errok():
+    warnings.warn(_warnmsg)
+    return _errok()
+
+def restart():
+    warnings.warn(_warnmsg)
+    return _restart()
+
+def token():
+    warnings.warn(_warnmsg)
+    return _token()
+
+# Utility function to call the p_error() function with some deprecation hacks
+def call_errorfunc(errorfunc, token, parser):
+    global _errok, _token, _restart
+    _errok = parser.errok
+    _token = parser.token
+    _restart = parser.restart
+    r = errorfunc(token)
+    try:
+        del _errok, _token, _restart
+    except NameError:
+        pass
+    return r
+
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                        ===  LR Parsing Engine ===
+#
+# The following classes are used for the LR parser itself.  These are not
+# used during table construction and are independent of the actual LR
+# table generation algorithm
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# This class is used to hold non-terminal grammar symbols during parsing.
+# It normally has the following attributes set:
+#        .type       = Grammar symbol type
+#        .value      = Symbol value
+#        .lineno     = Starting line number
+#        .endlineno  = Ending line number (optional, set automatically)
+#        .lexpos     = Starting lex position
+#        .endlexpos  = Ending lex position (optional, set automatically)
+
+class YaccSymbol:
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.type
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(self)
+
+# This class is a wrapper around the objects actually passed to each
+# grammar rule.   Index lookup and assignment actually assign the
+# .value attribute of the underlying YaccSymbol object.
+# The lineno() method returns the line number of a given
+# item (or 0 if not defined).   The linespan() method returns
+# a tuple of (startline,endline) representing the range of lines
+# for a symbol.  The lexspan() method returns a tuple (lexpos,endlexpos)
+# representing the range of positional information for a symbol.
+
+class YaccProduction:
+    def __init__(self, s, stack=None):
+        self.slice = s
+        self.stack = stack
+        self.lexer = None
+        self.parser = None
+
+    def __getitem__(self, n):
+        if isinstance(n, slice):
+            return [s.value for s in self.slice[n]]
+        elif n >= 0:
+            return self.slice[n].value
+        else:
+            return self.stack[n].value
+
+    def __setitem__(self, n, v):
+        self.slice[n].value = v
+
+    def __getslice__(self, i, j):
+        return [s.value for s in self.slice[i:j]]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.slice)
+
+    def lineno(self, n):
+        return getattr(self.slice[n], 'lineno', 0)
+
+    def set_lineno(self, n, lineno):
+        self.slice[n].lineno = lineno
+
+    def linespan(self, n):
+        startline = getattr(self.slice[n], 'lineno', 0)
+        endline = getattr(self.slice[n], 'endlineno', startline)
+        return startline, endline
+
+    def lexpos(self, n):
+        return getattr(self.slice[n], 'lexpos', 0)
+
+    def lexspan(self, n):
+        startpos = getattr(self.slice[n], 'lexpos', 0)
+        endpos = getattr(self.slice[n], 'endlexpos', startpos)
+        return startpos, endpos
+
+    def error(self):
+        raise SyntaxError
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                               == LRParser ==
+#
+# The LR Parsing engine.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class LRParser:
+    def __init__(self, lrtab, errorf):
+        self.productions = lrtab.lr_productions
+        self.action = lrtab.lr_action
+        self.goto = lrtab.lr_goto
+        self.errorfunc = errorf
+        self.set_defaulted_states()
+        self.errorok = True
+
+    def errok(self):
+        self.errorok = True
+
+    def restart(self):
+        del self.statestack[:]
+        del self.symstack[:]
+        sym = YaccSymbol()
+        sym.type = '$end'
+        self.symstack.append(sym)
+        self.statestack.append(0)
+
+    # Defaulted state support.
+    # This method identifies parser states where there is only one possible reduction action.
+    # For such states, the parser can make a choose to make a rule reduction without consuming
+    # the next look-ahead token.  This delayed invocation of the tokenizer can be useful in
+    # certain kinds of advanced parsing situations where the lexer and parser interact with
+    # each other or change states (i.e., manipulation of scope, lexer states, etc.).
+    #
+    # See:  https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/html_node/Default-Reductions.html#Default-Reductions
+    def set_defaulted_states(self):
+        self.defaulted_states = {}
+        for state, actions in self.action.items():
+            rules = list(actions.values())
+            if len(rules) == 1 and rules[0] < 0:
+                self.defaulted_states[state] = rules[0]
+
+    def disable_defaulted_states(self):
+        self.defaulted_states = {}
+
+    def parse(self, input=None, lexer=None, debug=False, tracking=False, tokenfunc=None):
+        if debug or yaccdevel:
+            if isinstance(debug, int):
+                debug = PlyLogger(sys.stderr)
+            return self.parsedebug(input, lexer, debug, tracking, tokenfunc)
+        elif tracking:
+            return self.parseopt(input, lexer, debug, tracking, tokenfunc)
+        else:
+            return self.parseopt_notrack(input, lexer, debug, tracking, tokenfunc)
+
+
+    # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+    # parsedebug().
+    #
+    # This is the debugging enabled version of parse().  All changes made to the
+    # parsing engine should be made here.   Optimized versions of this function
+    # are automatically created by the ply/ygen.py script.  This script cuts out
+    # sections enclosed in markers such as this:
+    #
+    #      #--! DEBUG
+    #      statements
+    #      #--! DEBUG
+    #
+    # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+    def parsedebug(self, input=None, lexer=None, debug=False, tracking=False, tokenfunc=None):
+        #--! parsedebug-start
+        lookahead = None                         # Current lookahead symbol
+        lookaheadstack = []                      # Stack of lookahead symbols
+        actions = self.action                    # Local reference to action table (to avoid lookup on self.)
+        goto    = self.goto                      # Local reference to goto table (to avoid lookup on self.)
+        prod    = self.productions               # Local reference to production list (to avoid lookup on self.)
+        defaulted_states = self.defaulted_states # Local reference to defaulted states
+        pslice  = YaccProduction(None)           # Production object passed to grammar rules
+        errorcount = 0                           # Used during error recovery
+
+        #--! DEBUG
+        debug.info('PLY: PARSE DEBUG START')
+        #--! DEBUG
+
+        # If no lexer was given, we will try to use the lex module
+        if not lexer:
+            from . import lex
+            lexer = lex.lexer
+
+        # Set up the lexer and parser objects on pslice
+        pslice.lexer = lexer
+        pslice.parser = self
+
+        # If input was supplied, pass to lexer
+        if input is not None:
+            lexer.input(input)
+
+        if tokenfunc is None:
+            # Tokenize function
+            get_token = lexer.token
+        else:
+            get_token = tokenfunc
+
+        # Set the parser() token method (sometimes used in error recovery)
+        self.token = get_token
+
+        # Set up the state and symbol stacks
+
+        statestack = []                # Stack of parsing states
+        self.statestack = statestack
+        symstack   = []                # Stack of grammar symbols
+        self.symstack = symstack
+
+        pslice.stack = symstack         # Put in the production
+        errtoken   = None               # Err token
+
+        # The start state is assumed to be (0,$end)
+
+        statestack.append(0)
+        sym = YaccSymbol()
+        sym.type = '$end'
+        symstack.append(sym)
+        state = 0
+        while True:
+            # Get the next symbol on the input.  If a lookahead symbol
+            # is already set, we just use that. Otherwise, we'll pull
+            # the next token off of the lookaheadstack or from the lexer
+
+            #--! DEBUG
+            debug.debug('')
+            debug.debug('State  : %s', state)
+            #--! DEBUG
+
+            if state not in defaulted_states:
+                if not lookahead:
+                    if not lookaheadstack:
+                        lookahead = get_token()     # Get the next token
+                    else:
+                        lookahead = lookaheadstack.pop()
+                    if not lookahead:
+                        lookahead = YaccSymbol()
+                        lookahead.type = '$end'
+
+                # Check the action table
+                ltype = lookahead.type
+                t = actions[state].get(ltype)
+            else:
+                t = defaulted_states[state]
+                #--! DEBUG
+                debug.debug('Defaulted state %s: Reduce using %d', state, -t)
+                #--! DEBUG
+
+            #--! DEBUG
+            debug.debug('Stack  : %s',
+                        ('%s . %s' % (' '.join([xx.type for xx in symstack][1:]), str(lookahead))).lstrip())
+            #--! DEBUG
+
+            if t is not None:
+                if t > 0:
+                    # shift a symbol on the stack
+                    statestack.append(t)
+                    state = t
+
+                    #--! DEBUG
+                    debug.debug('Action : Shift and goto state %s', t)
+                    #--! DEBUG
+
+                    symstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = None
+
+                    # Decrease error count on successful shift
+                    if errorcount:
+                        errorcount -= 1
+                    continue
+
+                if t < 0:
+                    # reduce a symbol on the stack, emit a production
+                    p = prod[-t]
+                    pname = p.name
+                    plen  = p.len
+
+                    # Get production function
+                    sym = YaccSymbol()
+                    sym.type = pname       # Production name
+                    sym.value = None
+
+                    #--! DEBUG
+                    if plen:
+                        debug.info('Action : Reduce rule [%s] with %s and goto state %d', p.str,
+                                   '['+','.join([format_stack_entry(_v.value) for _v in symstack[-plen:]])+']',
+                                   goto[statestack[-1-plen]][pname])
+                    else:
+                        debug.info('Action : Reduce rule [%s] with %s and goto state %d', p.str, [],
+                                   goto[statestack[-1]][pname])
+
+                    #--! DEBUG
+
+                    if plen:
+                        targ = symstack[-plen-1:]
+                        targ[0] = sym
+
+                        #--! TRACKING
+                        if tracking:
+                            t1 = targ[1]
+                            sym.lineno = t1.lineno
+                            sym.lexpos = t1.lexpos
+                            t1 = targ[-1]
+                            sym.endlineno = getattr(t1, 'endlineno', t1.lineno)
+                            sym.endlexpos = getattr(t1, 'endlexpos', t1.lexpos)
+                        #--! TRACKING
+
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+                        # The code enclosed in this section is duplicated
+                        # below as a performance optimization.  Make sure
+                        # changes get made in both locations.
+
+                        pslice.slice = targ
+
+                        try:
+                            # Call the grammar rule with our special slice object
+                            del symstack[-plen:]
+                            self.state = state
+                            p.callable(pslice)
+                            del statestack[-plen:]
+                            #--! DEBUG
+                            debug.info('Result : %s', format_result(pslice[0]))
+                            #--! DEBUG
+                            symstack.append(sym)
+                            state = goto[statestack[-1]][pname]
+                            statestack.append(state)
+                        except SyntaxError:
+                            # If an error was set. Enter error recovery state
+                            lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)    # Save the current lookahead token
+                            symstack.extend(targ[1:-1])         # Put the production slice back on the stack
+                            statestack.pop()                    # Pop back one state (before the reduce)
+                            state = statestack[-1]
+                            sym.type = 'error'
+                            sym.value = 'error'
+                            lookahead = sym
+                            errorcount = error_count
+                            self.errorok = False
+
+                        continue
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+                    else:
+
+                        #--! TRACKING
+                        if tracking:
+                            sym.lineno = lexer.lineno
+                            sym.lexpos = lexer.lexpos
+                        #--! TRACKING
+
+                        targ = [sym]
+
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+                        # The code enclosed in this section is duplicated
+                        # above as a performance optimization.  Make sure
+                        # changes get made in both locations.
+
+                        pslice.slice = targ
+
+                        try:
+                            # Call the grammar rule with our special slice object
+                            self.state = state
+                            p.callable(pslice)
+                            #--! DEBUG
+                            debug.info('Result : %s', format_result(pslice[0]))
+                            #--! DEBUG
+                            symstack.append(sym)
+                            state = goto[statestack[-1]][pname]
+                            statestack.append(state)
+                        except SyntaxError:
+                            # If an error was set. Enter error recovery state
+                            lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)    # Save the current lookahead token
+                            statestack.pop()                    # Pop back one state (before the reduce)
+                            state = statestack[-1]
+                            sym.type = 'error'
+                            sym.value = 'error'
+                            lookahead = sym
+                            errorcount = error_count
+                            self.errorok = False
+
+                        continue
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+                if t == 0:
+                    n = symstack[-1]
+                    result = getattr(n, 'value', None)
+                    #--! DEBUG
+                    debug.info('Done   : Returning %s', format_result(result))
+                    debug.info('PLY: PARSE DEBUG END')
+                    #--! DEBUG
+                    return result
+
+            if t is None:
+
+                #--! DEBUG
+                debug.error('Error  : %s',
+                            ('%s . %s' % (' '.join([xx.type for xx in symstack][1:]), str(lookahead))).lstrip())
+                #--! DEBUG
+
+                # We have some kind of parsing error here.  To handle
+                # this, we are going to push the current token onto
+                # the tokenstack and replace it with an 'error' token.
+                # If there are any synchronization rules, they may
+                # catch it.
+                #
+                # In addition to pushing the error token, we call call
+                # the user defined p_error() function if this is the
+                # first syntax error.  This function is only called if
+                # errorcount == 0.
+                if errorcount == 0 or self.errorok:
+                    errorcount = error_count
+                    self.errorok = False
+                    errtoken = lookahead
+                    if errtoken.type == '$end':
+                        errtoken = None               # End of file!
+                    if self.errorfunc:
+                        if errtoken and not hasattr(errtoken, 'lexer'):
+                            errtoken.lexer = lexer
+                        self.state = state
+                        tok = call_errorfunc(self.errorfunc, errtoken, self)
+                        if self.errorok:
+                            # User must have done some kind of panic
+                            # mode recovery on their own.  The
+                            # returned token is the next lookahead
+                            lookahead = tok
+                            errtoken = None
+                            continue
+                    else:
+                        if errtoken:
+                            if hasattr(errtoken, 'lineno'):
+                                lineno = lookahead.lineno
+                            else:
+                                lineno = 0
+                            if lineno:
+                                sys.stderr.write('yacc: Syntax error at line %d, token=%s\n' % (lineno, errtoken.type))
+                            else:
+                                sys.stderr.write('yacc: Syntax error, token=%s' % errtoken.type)
+                        else:
+                            sys.stderr.write('yacc: Parse error in input. EOF\n')
+                            return
+
+                else:
+                    errorcount = error_count
+
+                # case 1:  the statestack only has 1 entry on it.  If we're in this state, the
+                # entire parse has been rolled back and we're completely hosed.   The token is
+                # discarded and we just keep going.
+
+                if len(statestack) <= 1 and lookahead.type != '$end':
+                    lookahead = None
+                    errtoken = None
+                    state = 0
+                    # Nuke the pushback stack
+                    del lookaheadstack[:]
+                    continue
+
+                # case 2: the statestack has a couple of entries on it, but we're
+                # at the end of the file. nuke the top entry and generate an error token
+
+                # Start nuking entries on the stack
+                if lookahead.type == '$end':
+                    # Whoa. We're really hosed here. Bail out
+                    return
+
+                if lookahead.type != 'error':
+                    sym = symstack[-1]
+                    if sym.type == 'error':
+                        # Hmmm. Error is on top of stack, we'll just nuke input
+                        # symbol and continue
+                        #--! TRACKING
+                        if tracking:
+                            sym.endlineno = getattr(lookahead, 'lineno', sym.lineno)
+                            sym.endlexpos = getattr(lookahead, 'lexpos', sym.lexpos)
+                        #--! TRACKING
+                        lookahead = None
+                        continue
+
+                    # Create the error symbol for the first time and make it the new lookahead symbol
+                    t = YaccSymbol()
+                    t.type = 'error'
+
+                    if hasattr(lookahead, 'lineno'):
+                        t.lineno = t.endlineno = lookahead.lineno
+                    if hasattr(lookahead, 'lexpos'):
+                        t.lexpos = t.endlexpos = lookahead.lexpos
+                    t.value = lookahead
+                    lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = t
+                else:
+                    sym = symstack.pop()
+                    #--! TRACKING
+                    if tracking:
+                        lookahead.lineno = sym.lineno
+                        lookahead.lexpos = sym.lexpos
+                    #--! TRACKING
+                    statestack.pop()
+                    state = statestack[-1]
+
+                continue
+
+            # Call an error function here
+            raise RuntimeError('yacc: internal parser error!!!\n')
+
+        #--! parsedebug-end
+
+    # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+    # parseopt().
+    #
+    # Optimized version of parse() method.  DO NOT EDIT THIS CODE DIRECTLY!
+    # This code is automatically generated by the ply/ygen.py script. Make
+    # changes to the parsedebug() method instead.
+    # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+    def parseopt(self, input=None, lexer=None, debug=False, tracking=False, tokenfunc=None):
+        #--! parseopt-start
+        lookahead = None                         # Current lookahead symbol
+        lookaheadstack = []                      # Stack of lookahead symbols
+        actions = self.action                    # Local reference to action table (to avoid lookup on self.)
+        goto    = self.goto                      # Local reference to goto table (to avoid lookup on self.)
+        prod    = self.productions               # Local reference to production list (to avoid lookup on self.)
+        defaulted_states = self.defaulted_states # Local reference to defaulted states
+        pslice  = YaccProduction(None)           # Production object passed to grammar rules
+        errorcount = 0                           # Used during error recovery
+
+
+        # If no lexer was given, we will try to use the lex module
+        if not lexer:
+            from . import lex
+            lexer = lex.lexer
+
+        # Set up the lexer and parser objects on pslice
+        pslice.lexer = lexer
+        pslice.parser = self
+
+        # If input was supplied, pass to lexer
+        if input is not None:
+            lexer.input(input)
+
+        if tokenfunc is None:
+            # Tokenize function
+            get_token = lexer.token
+        else:
+            get_token = tokenfunc
+
+        # Set the parser() token method (sometimes used in error recovery)
+        self.token = get_token
+
+        # Set up the state and symbol stacks
+
+        statestack = []                # Stack of parsing states
+        self.statestack = statestack
+        symstack   = []                # Stack of grammar symbols
+        self.symstack = symstack
+
+        pslice.stack = symstack         # Put in the production
+        errtoken   = None               # Err token
+
+        # The start state is assumed to be (0,$end)
+
+        statestack.append(0)
+        sym = YaccSymbol()
+        sym.type = '$end'
+        symstack.append(sym)
+        state = 0
+        while True:
+            # Get the next symbol on the input.  If a lookahead symbol
+            # is already set, we just use that. Otherwise, we'll pull
+            # the next token off of the lookaheadstack or from the lexer
+
+
+            if state not in defaulted_states:
+                if not lookahead:
+                    if not lookaheadstack:
+                        lookahead = get_token()     # Get the next token
+                    else:
+                        lookahead = lookaheadstack.pop()
+                    if not lookahead:
+                        lookahead = YaccSymbol()
+                        lookahead.type = '$end'
+
+                # Check the action table
+                ltype = lookahead.type
+                t = actions[state].get(ltype)
+            else:
+                t = defaulted_states[state]
+
+
+            if t is not None:
+                if t > 0:
+                    # shift a symbol on the stack
+                    statestack.append(t)
+                    state = t
+
+
+                    symstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = None
+
+                    # Decrease error count on successful shift
+                    if errorcount:
+                        errorcount -= 1
+                    continue
+
+                if t < 0:
+                    # reduce a symbol on the stack, emit a production
+                    p = prod[-t]
+                    pname = p.name
+                    plen  = p.len
+
+                    # Get production function
+                    sym = YaccSymbol()
+                    sym.type = pname       # Production name
+                    sym.value = None
+
+
+                    if plen:
+                        targ = symstack[-plen-1:]
+                        targ[0] = sym
+
+                        #--! TRACKING
+                        if tracking:
+                            t1 = targ[1]
+                            sym.lineno = t1.lineno
+                            sym.lexpos = t1.lexpos
+                            t1 = targ[-1]
+                            sym.endlineno = getattr(t1, 'endlineno', t1.lineno)
+                            sym.endlexpos = getattr(t1, 'endlexpos', t1.lexpos)
+                        #--! TRACKING
+
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+                        # The code enclosed in this section is duplicated
+                        # below as a performance optimization.  Make sure
+                        # changes get made in both locations.
+
+                        pslice.slice = targ
+
+                        try:
+                            # Call the grammar rule with our special slice object
+                            del symstack[-plen:]
+                            self.state = state
+                            p.callable(pslice)
+                            del statestack[-plen:]
+                            symstack.append(sym)
+                            state = goto[statestack[-1]][pname]
+                            statestack.append(state)
+                        except SyntaxError:
+                            # If an error was set. Enter error recovery state
+                            lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)    # Save the current lookahead token
+                            symstack.extend(targ[1:-1])         # Put the production slice back on the stack
+                            statestack.pop()                    # Pop back one state (before the reduce)
+                            state = statestack[-1]
+                            sym.type = 'error'
+                            sym.value = 'error'
+                            lookahead = sym
+                            errorcount = error_count
+                            self.errorok = False
+
+                        continue
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+                    else:
+
+                        #--! TRACKING
+                        if tracking:
+                            sym.lineno = lexer.lineno
+                            sym.lexpos = lexer.lexpos
+                        #--! TRACKING
+
+                        targ = [sym]
+
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+                        # The code enclosed in this section is duplicated
+                        # above as a performance optimization.  Make sure
+                        # changes get made in both locations.
+
+                        pslice.slice = targ
+
+                        try:
+                            # Call the grammar rule with our special slice object
+                            self.state = state
+                            p.callable(pslice)
+                            symstack.append(sym)
+                            state = goto[statestack[-1]][pname]
+                            statestack.append(state)
+                        except SyntaxError:
+                            # If an error was set. Enter error recovery state
+                            lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)    # Save the current lookahead token
+                            statestack.pop()                    # Pop back one state (before the reduce)
+                            state = statestack[-1]
+                            sym.type = 'error'
+                            sym.value = 'error'
+                            lookahead = sym
+                            errorcount = error_count
+                            self.errorok = False
+
+                        continue
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+                if t == 0:
+                    n = symstack[-1]
+                    result = getattr(n, 'value', None)
+                    return result
+
+            if t is None:
+
+
+                # We have some kind of parsing error here.  To handle
+                # this, we are going to push the current token onto
+                # the tokenstack and replace it with an 'error' token.
+                # If there are any synchronization rules, they may
+                # catch it.
+                #
+                # In addition to pushing the error token, we call call
+                # the user defined p_error() function if this is the
+                # first syntax error.  This function is only called if
+                # errorcount == 0.
+                if errorcount == 0 or self.errorok:
+                    errorcount = error_count
+                    self.errorok = False
+                    errtoken = lookahead
+                    if errtoken.type == '$end':
+                        errtoken = None               # End of file!
+                    if self.errorfunc:
+                        if errtoken and not hasattr(errtoken, 'lexer'):
+                            errtoken.lexer = lexer
+                        self.state = state
+                        tok = call_errorfunc(self.errorfunc, errtoken, self)
+                        if self.errorok:
+                            # User must have done some kind of panic
+                            # mode recovery on their own.  The
+                            # returned token is the next lookahead
+                            lookahead = tok
+                            errtoken = None
+                            continue
+                    else:
+                        if errtoken:
+                            if hasattr(errtoken, 'lineno'):
+                                lineno = lookahead.lineno
+                            else:
+                                lineno = 0
+                            if lineno:
+                                sys.stderr.write('yacc: Syntax error at line %d, token=%s\n' % (lineno, errtoken.type))
+                            else:
+                                sys.stderr.write('yacc: Syntax error, token=%s' % errtoken.type)
+                        else:
+                            sys.stderr.write('yacc: Parse error in input. EOF\n')
+                            return
+
+                else:
+                    errorcount = error_count
+
+                # case 1:  the statestack only has 1 entry on it.  If we're in this state, the
+                # entire parse has been rolled back and we're completely hosed.   The token is
+                # discarded and we just keep going.
+
+                if len(statestack) <= 1 and lookahead.type != '$end':
+                    lookahead = None
+                    errtoken = None
+                    state = 0
+                    # Nuke the pushback stack
+                    del lookaheadstack[:]
+                    continue
+
+                # case 2: the statestack has a couple of entries on it, but we're
+                # at the end of the file. nuke the top entry and generate an error token
+
+                # Start nuking entries on the stack
+                if lookahead.type == '$end':
+                    # Whoa. We're really hosed here. Bail out
+                    return
+
+                if lookahead.type != 'error':
+                    sym = symstack[-1]
+                    if sym.type == 'error':
+                        # Hmmm. Error is on top of stack, we'll just nuke input
+                        # symbol and continue
+                        #--! TRACKING
+                        if tracking:
+                            sym.endlineno = getattr(lookahead, 'lineno', sym.lineno)
+                            sym.endlexpos = getattr(lookahead, 'lexpos', sym.lexpos)
+                        #--! TRACKING
+                        lookahead = None
+                        continue
+
+                    # Create the error symbol for the first time and make it the new lookahead symbol
+                    t = YaccSymbol()
+                    t.type = 'error'
+
+                    if hasattr(lookahead, 'lineno'):
+                        t.lineno = t.endlineno = lookahead.lineno
+                    if hasattr(lookahead, 'lexpos'):
+                        t.lexpos = t.endlexpos = lookahead.lexpos
+                    t.value = lookahead
+                    lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = t
+                else:
+                    sym = symstack.pop()
+                    #--! TRACKING
+                    if tracking:
+                        lookahead.lineno = sym.lineno
+                        lookahead.lexpos = sym.lexpos
+                    #--! TRACKING
+                    statestack.pop()
+                    state = statestack[-1]
+
+                continue
+
+            # Call an error function here
+            raise RuntimeError('yacc: internal parser error!!!\n')
+
+        #--! parseopt-end
+
+    # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+    # parseopt_notrack().
+    #
+    # Optimized version of parseopt() with line number tracking removed.
+    # DO NOT EDIT THIS CODE DIRECTLY. This code is automatically generated
+    # by the ply/ygen.py script. Make changes to the parsedebug() method instead.
+    # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+    def parseopt_notrack(self, input=None, lexer=None, debug=False, tracking=False, tokenfunc=None):
+        #--! parseopt-notrack-start
+        lookahead = None                         # Current lookahead symbol
+        lookaheadstack = []                      # Stack of lookahead symbols
+        actions = self.action                    # Local reference to action table (to avoid lookup on self.)
+        goto    = self.goto                      # Local reference to goto table (to avoid lookup on self.)
+        prod    = self.productions               # Local reference to production list (to avoid lookup on self.)
+        defaulted_states = self.defaulted_states # Local reference to defaulted states
+        pslice  = YaccProduction(None)           # Production object passed to grammar rules
+        errorcount = 0                           # Used during error recovery
+
+
+        # If no lexer was given, we will try to use the lex module
+        if not lexer:
+            from . import lex
+            lexer = lex.lexer
+
+        # Set up the lexer and parser objects on pslice
+        pslice.lexer = lexer
+        pslice.parser = self
+
+        # If input was supplied, pass to lexer
+        if input is not None:
+            lexer.input(input)
+
+        if tokenfunc is None:
+            # Tokenize function
+            get_token = lexer.token
+        else:
+            get_token = tokenfunc
+
+        # Set the parser() token method (sometimes used in error recovery)
+        self.token = get_token
+
+        # Set up the state and symbol stacks
+
+        statestack = []                # Stack of parsing states
+        self.statestack = statestack
+        symstack   = []                # Stack of grammar symbols
+        self.symstack = symstack
+
+        pslice.stack = symstack         # Put in the production
+        errtoken   = None               # Err token
+
+        # The start state is assumed to be (0,$end)
+
+        statestack.append(0)
+        sym = YaccSymbol()
+        sym.type = '$end'
+        symstack.append(sym)
+        state = 0
+        while True:
+            # Get the next symbol on the input.  If a lookahead symbol
+            # is already set, we just use that. Otherwise, we'll pull
+            # the next token off of the lookaheadstack or from the lexer
+
+
+            if state not in defaulted_states:
+                if not lookahead:
+                    if not lookaheadstack:
+                        lookahead = get_token()     # Get the next token
+                    else:
+                        lookahead = lookaheadstack.pop()
+                    if not lookahead:
+                        lookahead = YaccSymbol()
+                        lookahead.type = '$end'
+
+                # Check the action table
+                ltype = lookahead.type
+                t = actions[state].get(ltype)
+            else:
+                t = defaulted_states[state]
+
+
+            if t is not None:
+                if t > 0:
+                    # shift a symbol on the stack
+                    statestack.append(t)
+                    state = t
+
+
+                    symstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = None
+
+                    # Decrease error count on successful shift
+                    if errorcount:
+                        errorcount -= 1
+                    continue
+
+                if t < 0:
+                    # reduce a symbol on the stack, emit a production
+                    p = prod[-t]
+                    pname = p.name
+                    plen  = p.len
+
+                    # Get production function
+                    sym = YaccSymbol()
+                    sym.type = pname       # Production name
+                    sym.value = None
+
+
+                    if plen:
+                        targ = symstack[-plen-1:]
+                        targ[0] = sym
+
+
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+                        # The code enclosed in this section is duplicated
+                        # below as a performance optimization.  Make sure
+                        # changes get made in both locations.
+
+                        pslice.slice = targ
+
+                        try:
+                            # Call the grammar rule with our special slice object
+                            del symstack[-plen:]
+                            self.state = state
+                            p.callable(pslice)
+                            del statestack[-plen:]
+                            symstack.append(sym)
+                            state = goto[statestack[-1]][pname]
+                            statestack.append(state)
+                        except SyntaxError:
+                            # If an error was set. Enter error recovery state
+                            lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)    # Save the current lookahead token
+                            symstack.extend(targ[1:-1])         # Put the production slice back on the stack
+                            statestack.pop()                    # Pop back one state (before the reduce)
+                            state = statestack[-1]
+                            sym.type = 'error'
+                            sym.value = 'error'
+                            lookahead = sym
+                            errorcount = error_count
+                            self.errorok = False
+
+                        continue
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+                    else:
+
+
+                        targ = [sym]
+
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+                        # The code enclosed in this section is duplicated
+                        # above as a performance optimization.  Make sure
+                        # changes get made in both locations.
+
+                        pslice.slice = targ
+
+                        try:
+                            # Call the grammar rule with our special slice object
+                            self.state = state
+                            p.callable(pslice)
+                            symstack.append(sym)
+                            state = goto[statestack[-1]][pname]
+                            statestack.append(state)
+                        except SyntaxError:
+                            # If an error was set. Enter error recovery state
+                            lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)    # Save the current lookahead token
+                            statestack.pop()                    # Pop back one state (before the reduce)
+                            state = statestack[-1]
+                            sym.type = 'error'
+                            sym.value = 'error'
+                            lookahead = sym
+                            errorcount = error_count
+                            self.errorok = False
+
+                        continue
+                        # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+                if t == 0:
+                    n = symstack[-1]
+                    result = getattr(n, 'value', None)
+                    return result
+
+            if t is None:
+
+
+                # We have some kind of parsing error here.  To handle
+                # this, we are going to push the current token onto
+                # the tokenstack and replace it with an 'error' token.
+                # If there are any synchronization rules, they may
+                # catch it.
+                #
+                # In addition to pushing the error token, we call call
+                # the user defined p_error() function if this is the
+                # first syntax error.  This function is only called if
+                # errorcount == 0.
+                if errorcount == 0 or self.errorok:
+                    errorcount = error_count
+                    self.errorok = False
+                    errtoken = lookahead
+                    if errtoken.type == '$end':
+                        errtoken = None               # End of file!
+                    if self.errorfunc:
+                        if errtoken and not hasattr(errtoken, 'lexer'):
+                            errtoken.lexer = lexer
+                        self.state = state
+                        tok = call_errorfunc(self.errorfunc, errtoken, self)
+                        if self.errorok:
+                            # User must have done some kind of panic
+                            # mode recovery on their own.  The
+                            # returned token is the next lookahead
+                            lookahead = tok
+                            errtoken = None
+                            continue
+                    else:
+                        if errtoken:
+                            if hasattr(errtoken, 'lineno'):
+                                lineno = lookahead.lineno
+                            else:
+                                lineno = 0
+                            if lineno:
+                                sys.stderr.write('yacc: Syntax error at line %d, token=%s\n' % (lineno, errtoken.type))
+                            else:
+                                sys.stderr.write('yacc: Syntax error, token=%s' % errtoken.type)
+                        else:
+                            sys.stderr.write('yacc: Parse error in input. EOF\n')
+                            return
+
+                else:
+                    errorcount = error_count
+
+                # case 1:  the statestack only has 1 entry on it.  If we're in this state, the
+                # entire parse has been rolled back and we're completely hosed.   The token is
+                # discarded and we just keep going.
+
+                if len(statestack) <= 1 and lookahead.type != '$end':
+                    lookahead = None
+                    errtoken = None
+                    state = 0
+                    # Nuke the pushback stack
+                    del lookaheadstack[:]
+                    continue
+
+                # case 2: the statestack has a couple of entries on it, but we're
+                # at the end of the file. nuke the top entry and generate an error token
+
+                # Start nuking entries on the stack
+                if lookahead.type == '$end':
+                    # Whoa. We're really hosed here. Bail out
+                    return
+
+                if lookahead.type != 'error':
+                    sym = symstack[-1]
+                    if sym.type == 'error':
+                        # Hmmm. Error is on top of stack, we'll just nuke input
+                        # symbol and continue
+                        lookahead = None
+                        continue
+
+                    # Create the error symbol for the first time and make it the new lookahead symbol
+                    t = YaccSymbol()
+                    t.type = 'error'
+
+                    if hasattr(lookahead, 'lineno'):
+                        t.lineno = t.endlineno = lookahead.lineno
+                    if hasattr(lookahead, 'lexpos'):
+                        t.lexpos = t.endlexpos = lookahead.lexpos
+                    t.value = lookahead
+                    lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = t
+                else:
+                    sym = symstack.pop()
+                    statestack.pop()
+                    state = statestack[-1]
+
+                continue
+
+            # Call an error function here
+            raise RuntimeError('yacc: internal parser error!!!\n')
+
+        #--! parseopt-notrack-end
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                          === Grammar Representation ===
+#
+# The following functions, classes, and variables are used to represent and
+# manipulate the rules that make up a grammar.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# regex matching identifiers
+_is_identifier = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$')
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# class Production:
+#
+# This class stores the raw information about a single production or grammar rule.
+# A grammar rule refers to a specification such as this:
+#
+#       expr : expr PLUS term
+#
+# Here are the basic attributes defined on all productions
+#
+#       name     - Name of the production.  For example 'expr'
+#       prod     - A list of symbols on the right side ['expr','PLUS','term']
+#       prec     - Production precedence level
+#       number   - Production number.
+#       func     - Function that executes on reduce
+#       file     - File where production function is defined
+#       lineno   - Line number where production function is defined
+#
+# The following attributes are defined or optional.
+#
+#       len       - Length of the production (number of symbols on right hand side)
+#       usyms     - Set of unique symbols found in the production
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Production(object):
+    reduced = 0
+    def __init__(self, number, name, prod, precedence=('right', 0), func=None, file='', line=0):
+        self.name     = name
+        self.prod     = tuple(prod)
+        self.number   = number
+        self.func     = func
+        self.callable = None
+        self.file     = file
+        self.line     = line
+        self.prec     = precedence
+
+        # Internal settings used during table construction
+
+        self.len  = len(self.prod)   # Length of the production
+
+        # Create a list of unique production symbols used in the production
+        self.usyms = []
+        for s in self.prod:
+            if s not in self.usyms:
+                self.usyms.append(s)
+
+        # List of all LR items for the production
+        self.lr_items = []
+        self.lr_next = None
+
+        # Create a string representation
+        if self.prod:
+            self.str = '%s -> %s' % (self.name, ' '.join(self.prod))
+        else:
+            self.str = '%s -> <empty>' % self.name
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.str
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'Production(' + str(self) + ')'
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.prod)
+
+    def __nonzero__(self):
+        return 1
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return self.prod[index]
+
+    # Return the nth lr_item from the production (or None if at the end)
+    def lr_item(self, n):
+        if n > len(self.prod):
+            return None
+        p = LRItem(self, n)
+        # Precompute the list of productions immediately following.
+        try:
+            p.lr_after = Prodnames[p.prod[n+1]]
+        except (IndexError, KeyError):
+            p.lr_after = []
+        try:
+            p.lr_before = p.prod[n-1]
+        except IndexError:
+            p.lr_before = None
+        return p
+
+    # Bind the production function name to a callable
+    def bind(self, pdict):
+        if self.func:
+            self.callable = pdict[self.func]
+
+# This class serves as a minimal standin for Production objects when
+# reading table data from files.   It only contains information
+# actually used by the LR parsing engine, plus some additional
+# debugging information.
+class MiniProduction(object):
+    def __init__(self, str, name, len, func, file, line):
+        self.name     = name
+        self.len      = len
+        self.func     = func
+        self.callable = None
+        self.file     = file
+        self.line     = line
+        self.str      = str
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.str
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'MiniProduction(%s)' % self.str
+
+    # Bind the production function name to a callable
+    def bind(self, pdict):
+        if self.func:
+            self.callable = pdict[self.func]
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# class LRItem
+#
+# This class represents a specific stage of parsing a production rule.  For
+# example:
+#
+#       expr : expr . PLUS term
+#
+# In the above, the "." represents the current location of the parse.  Here
+# basic attributes:
+#
+#       name       - Name of the production.  For example 'expr'
+#       prod       - A list of symbols on the right side ['expr','.', 'PLUS','term']
+#       number     - Production number.
+#
+#       lr_next      Next LR item. Example, if we are ' expr -> expr . PLUS term'
+#                    then lr_next refers to 'expr -> expr PLUS . term'
+#       lr_index   - LR item index (location of the ".") in the prod list.
+#       lookaheads - LALR lookahead symbols for this item
+#       len        - Length of the production (number of symbols on right hand side)
+#       lr_after    - List of all productions that immediately follow
+#       lr_before   - Grammar symbol immediately before
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class LRItem(object):
+    def __init__(self, p, n):
+        self.name       = p.name
+        self.prod       = list(p.prod)
+        self.number     = p.number
+        self.lr_index   = n
+        self.lookaheads = {}
+        self.prod.insert(n, '.')
+        self.prod       = tuple(self.prod)
+        self.len        = len(self.prod)
+        self.usyms      = p.usyms
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.prod:
+            s = '%s -> %s' % (self.name, ' '.join(self.prod))
+        else:
+            s = '%s -> <empty>' % self.name
+        return s
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'LRItem(' + str(self) + ')'
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# rightmost_terminal()
+#
+# Return the rightmost terminal from a list of symbols.  Used in add_production()
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def rightmost_terminal(symbols, terminals):
+    i = len(symbols) - 1
+    while i >= 0:
+        if symbols[i] in terminals:
+            return symbols[i]
+        i -= 1
+    return None
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                           === GRAMMAR CLASS ===
+#
+# The following class represents the contents of the specified grammar along
+# with various computed properties such as first sets, follow sets, LR items, etc.
+# This data is used for critical parts of the table generation process later.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class GrammarError(YaccError):
+    pass
+
+class Grammar(object):
+    def __init__(self, terminals):
+        self.Productions  = [None]  # A list of all of the productions.  The first
+                                    # entry is always reserved for the purpose of
+                                    # building an augmented grammar
+
+        self.Prodnames    = {}      # A dictionary mapping the names of nonterminals to a list of all
+                                    # productions of that nonterminal.
+
+        self.Prodmap      = {}      # A dictionary that is only used to detect duplicate
+                                    # productions.
+
+        self.Terminals    = {}      # A dictionary mapping the names of terminal symbols to a
+                                    # list of the rules where they are used.
+
+        for term in terminals:
+            self.Terminals[term] = []
+
+        self.Terminals['error'] = []
+
+        self.Nonterminals = {}      # A dictionary mapping names of nonterminals to a list
+                                    # of rule numbers where they are used.
+
+        self.First        = {}      # A dictionary of precomputed FIRST(x) symbols
+
+        self.Follow       = {}      # A dictionary of precomputed FOLLOW(x) symbols
+
+        self.Precedence   = {}      # Precedence rules for each terminal. Contains tuples of the
+                                    # form ('right',level) or ('nonassoc', level) or ('left',level)
+
+        self.UsedPrecedence = set() # Precedence rules that were actually used by the grammer.
+                                    # This is only used to provide error checking and to generate
+                                    # a warning about unused precedence rules.
+
+        self.Start = None           # Starting symbol for the grammar
+
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.Productions)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return self.Productions[index]
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # set_precedence()
+    #
+    # Sets the precedence for a given terminal. assoc is the associativity such as
+    # 'left','right', or 'nonassoc'.  level is a numeric level.
+    #
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def set_precedence(self, term, assoc, level):
+        assert self.Productions == [None], 'Must call set_precedence() before add_production()'
+        if term in self.Precedence:
+            raise GrammarError('Precedence already specified for terminal %r' % term)
+        if assoc not in ['left', 'right', 'nonassoc']:
+            raise GrammarError("Associativity must be one of 'left','right', or 'nonassoc'")
+        self.Precedence[term] = (assoc, level)
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # add_production()
+    #
+    # Given an action function, this function assembles a production rule and
+    # computes its precedence level.
+    #
+    # The production rule is supplied as a list of symbols.   For example,
+    # a rule such as 'expr : expr PLUS term' has a production name of 'expr' and
+    # symbols ['expr','PLUS','term'].
+    #
+    # Precedence is determined by the precedence of the right-most non-terminal
+    # or the precedence of a terminal specified by %prec.
+    #
+    # A variety of error checks are performed to make sure production symbols
+    # are valid and that %prec is used correctly.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def add_production(self, prodname, syms, func=None, file='', line=0):
+
+        if prodname in self.Terminals:
+            raise GrammarError('%s:%d: Illegal rule name %r. Already defined as a token' % (file, line, prodname))
+        if prodname == 'error':
+            raise GrammarError('%s:%d: Illegal rule name %r. error is a reserved word' % (file, line, prodname))
+        if not _is_identifier.match(prodname):
+            raise GrammarError('%s:%d: Illegal rule name %r' % (file, line, prodname))
+
+        # Look for literal tokens
+        for n, s in enumerate(syms):
+            if s[0] in "'\"":
+                try:
+                    c = eval(s)
+                    if (len(c) > 1):
+                        raise GrammarError('%s:%d: Literal token %s in rule %r may only be a single character' %
+                                           (file, line, s, prodname))
+                    if c not in self.Terminals:
+                        self.Terminals[c] = []
+                    syms[n] = c
+                    continue
+                except SyntaxError:
+                    pass
+            if not _is_identifier.match(s) and s != '%prec':
+                raise GrammarError('%s:%d: Illegal name %r in rule %r' % (file, line, s, prodname))
+
+        # Determine the precedence level
+        if '%prec' in syms:
+            if syms[-1] == '%prec':
+                raise GrammarError('%s:%d: Syntax error. Nothing follows %%prec' % (file, line))
+            if syms[-2] != '%prec':
+                raise GrammarError('%s:%d: Syntax error. %%prec can only appear at the end of a grammar rule' %
+                                   (file, line))
+            precname = syms[-1]
+            prodprec = self.Precedence.get(precname)
+            if not prodprec:
+                raise GrammarError('%s:%d: Nothing known about the precedence of %r' % (file, line, precname))
+            else:
+                self.UsedPrecedence.add(precname)
+            del syms[-2:]     # Drop %prec from the rule
+        else:
+            # If no %prec, precedence is determined by the rightmost terminal symbol
+            precname = rightmost_terminal(syms, self.Terminals)
+            prodprec = self.Precedence.get(precname, ('right', 0))
+
+        # See if the rule is already in the rulemap
+        map = '%s -> %s' % (prodname, syms)
+        if map in self.Prodmap:
+            m = self.Prodmap[map]
+            raise GrammarError('%s:%d: Duplicate rule %s. ' % (file, line, m) +
+                               'Previous definition at %s:%d' % (m.file, m.line))
+
+        # From this point on, everything is valid.  Create a new Production instance
+        pnumber  = len(self.Productions)
+        if prodname not in self.Nonterminals:
+            self.Nonterminals[prodname] = []
+
+        # Add the production number to Terminals and Nonterminals
+        for t in syms:
+            if t in self.Terminals:
+                self.Terminals[t].append(pnumber)
+            else:
+                if t not in self.Nonterminals:
+                    self.Nonterminals[t] = []
+                self.Nonterminals[t].append(pnumber)
+
+        # Create a production and add it to the list of productions
+        p = Production(pnumber, prodname, syms, prodprec, func, file, line)
+        self.Productions.append(p)
+        self.Prodmap[map] = p
+
+        # Add to the global productions list
+        try:
+            self.Prodnames[prodname].append(p)
+        except KeyError:
+            self.Prodnames[prodname] = [p]
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # set_start()
+    #
+    # Sets the starting symbol and creates the augmented grammar.  Production
+    # rule 0 is S' -> start where start is the start symbol.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def set_start(self, start=None):
+        if not start:
+            start = self.Productions[1].name
+        if start not in self.Nonterminals:
+            raise GrammarError('start symbol %s undefined' % start)
+        self.Productions[0] = Production(0, "S'", [start])
+        self.Nonterminals[start].append(0)
+        self.Start = start
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # find_unreachable()
+    #
+    # Find all of the nonterminal symbols that can't be reached from the starting
+    # symbol.  Returns a list of nonterminals that can't be reached.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def find_unreachable(self):
+
+        # Mark all symbols that are reachable from a symbol s
+        def mark_reachable_from(s):
+            if s in reachable:
+                return
+            reachable.add(s)
+            for p in self.Prodnames.get(s, []):
+                for r in p.prod:
+                    mark_reachable_from(r)
+
+        reachable = set()
+        mark_reachable_from(self.Productions[0].prod[0])
+        return [s for s in self.Nonterminals if s not in reachable]
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # infinite_cycles()
+    #
+    # This function looks at the various parsing rules and tries to detect
+    # infinite recursion cycles (grammar rules where there is no possible way
+    # to derive a string of only terminals).
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def infinite_cycles(self):
+        terminates = {}
+
+        # Terminals:
+        for t in self.Terminals:
+            terminates[t] = True
+
+        terminates['$end'] = True
+
+        # Nonterminals:
+
+        # Initialize to false:
+        for n in self.Nonterminals:
+            terminates[n] = False
+
+        # Then propagate termination until no change:
+        while True:
+            some_change = False
+            for (n, pl) in self.Prodnames.items():
+                # Nonterminal n terminates iff any of its productions terminates.
+                for p in pl:
+                    # Production p terminates iff all of its rhs symbols terminate.
+                    for s in p.prod:
+                        if not terminates[s]:
+                            # The symbol s does not terminate,
+                            # so production p does not terminate.
+                            p_terminates = False
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        # didn't break from the loop,
+                        # so every symbol s terminates
+                        # so production p terminates.
+                        p_terminates = True
+
+                    if p_terminates:
+                        # symbol n terminates!
+                        if not terminates[n]:
+                            terminates[n] = True
+                            some_change = True
+                        # Don't need to consider any more productions for this n.
+                        break
+
+            if not some_change:
+                break
+
+        infinite = []
+        for (s, term) in terminates.items():
+            if not term:
+                if s not in self.Prodnames and s not in self.Terminals and s != 'error':
+                    # s is used-but-not-defined, and we've already warned of that,
+                    # so it would be overkill to say that it's also non-terminating.
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    infinite.append(s)
+
+        return infinite
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # undefined_symbols()
+    #
+    # Find all symbols that were used the grammar, but not defined as tokens or
+    # grammar rules.  Returns a list of tuples (sym, prod) where sym in the symbol
+    # and prod is the production where the symbol was used.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def undefined_symbols(self):
+        result = []
+        for p in self.Productions:
+            if not p:
+                continue
+
+            for s in p.prod:
+                if s not in self.Prodnames and s not in self.Terminals and s != 'error':
+                    result.append((s, p))
+        return result
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # unused_terminals()
+    #
+    # Find all terminals that were defined, but not used by the grammar.  Returns
+    # a list of all symbols.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def unused_terminals(self):
+        unused_tok = []
+        for s, v in self.Terminals.items():
+            if s != 'error' and not v:
+                unused_tok.append(s)
+
+        return unused_tok
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # unused_rules()
+    #
+    # Find all grammar rules that were defined,  but not used (maybe not reachable)
+    # Returns a list of productions.
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def unused_rules(self):
+        unused_prod = []
+        for s, v in self.Nonterminals.items():
+            if not v:
+                p = self.Prodnames[s][0]
+                unused_prod.append(p)
+        return unused_prod
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # unused_precedence()
+    #
+    # Returns a list of tuples (term,precedence) corresponding to precedence
+    # rules that were never used by the grammar.  term is the name of the terminal
+    # on which precedence was applied and precedence is a string such as 'left' or
+    # 'right' corresponding to the type of precedence.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def unused_precedence(self):
+        unused = []
+        for termname in self.Precedence:
+            if not (termname in self.Terminals or termname in self.UsedPrecedence):
+                unused.append((termname, self.Precedence[termname][0]))
+
+        return unused
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # _first()
+    #
+    # Compute the value of FIRST1(beta) where beta is a tuple of symbols.
+    #
+    # During execution of compute_first1, the result may be incomplete.
+    # Afterward (e.g., when called from compute_follow()), it will be complete.
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def _first(self, beta):
+
+        # We are computing First(x1,x2,x3,...,xn)
+        result = []
+        for x in beta:
+            x_produces_empty = False
+
+            # Add all the non-<empty> symbols of First[x] to the result.
+            for f in self.First[x]:
+                if f == '<empty>':
+                    x_produces_empty = True
+                else:
+                    if f not in result:
+                        result.append(f)
+
+            if x_produces_empty:
+                # We have to consider the next x in beta,
+                # i.e. stay in the loop.
+                pass
+            else:
+                # We don't have to consider any further symbols in beta.
+                break
+        else:
+            # There was no 'break' from the loop,
+            # so x_produces_empty was true for all x in beta,
+            # so beta produces empty as well.
+            result.append('<empty>')
+
+        return result
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # compute_first()
+    #
+    # Compute the value of FIRST1(X) for all symbols
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def compute_first(self):
+        if self.First:
+            return self.First
+
+        # Terminals:
+        for t in self.Terminals:
+            self.First[t] = [t]
+
+        self.First['$end'] = ['$end']
+
+        # Nonterminals:
+
+        # Initialize to the empty set:
+        for n in self.Nonterminals:
+            self.First[n] = []
+
+        # Then propagate symbols until no change:
+        while True:
+            some_change = False
+            for n in self.Nonterminals:
+                for p in self.Prodnames[n]:
+                    for f in self._first(p.prod):
+                        if f not in self.First[n]:
+                            self.First[n].append(f)
+                            some_change = True
+            if not some_change:
+                break
+
+        return self.First
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # compute_follow()
+    #
+    # Computes all of the follow sets for every non-terminal symbol.  The
+    # follow set is the set of all symbols that might follow a given
+    # non-terminal.  See the Dragon book, 2nd Ed. p. 189.
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def compute_follow(self, start=None):
+        # If already computed, return the result
+        if self.Follow:
+            return self.Follow
+
+        # If first sets not computed yet, do that first.
+        if not self.First:
+            self.compute_first()
+
+        # Add '$end' to the follow list of the start symbol
+        for k in self.Nonterminals:
+            self.Follow[k] = []
+
+        if not start:
+            start = self.Productions[1].name
+
+        self.Follow[start] = ['$end']
+
+        while True:
+            didadd = False
+            for p in self.Productions[1:]:
+                # Here is the production set
+                for i, B in enumerate(p.prod):
+                    if B in self.Nonterminals:
+                        # Okay. We got a non-terminal in a production
+                        fst = self._first(p.prod[i+1:])
+                        hasempty = False
+                        for f in fst:
+                            if f != '<empty>' and f not in self.Follow[B]:
+                                self.Follow[B].append(f)
+                                didadd = True
+                            if f == '<empty>':
+                                hasempty = True
+                        if hasempty or i == (len(p.prod)-1):
+                            # Add elements of follow(a) to follow(b)
+                            for f in self.Follow[p.name]:
+                                if f not in self.Follow[B]:
+                                    self.Follow[B].append(f)
+                                    didadd = True
+            if not didadd:
+                break
+        return self.Follow
+
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # build_lritems()
+    #
+    # This function walks the list of productions and builds a complete set of the
+    # LR items.  The LR items are stored in two ways:  First, they are uniquely
+    # numbered and placed in the list _lritems.  Second, a linked list of LR items
+    # is built for each production.  For example:
+    #
+    #   E -> E PLUS E
+    #
+    # Creates the list
+    #
+    #  [E -> . E PLUS E, E -> E . PLUS E, E -> E PLUS . E, E -> E PLUS E . ]
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def build_lritems(self):
+        for p in self.Productions:
+            lastlri = p
+            i = 0
+            lr_items = []
+            while True:
+                if i > len(p):
+                    lri = None
+                else:
+                    lri = LRItem(p, i)
+                    # Precompute the list of productions immediately following
+                    try:
+                        lri.lr_after = self.Prodnames[lri.prod[i+1]]
+                    except (IndexError, KeyError):
+                        lri.lr_after = []
+                    try:
+                        lri.lr_before = lri.prod[i-1]
+                    except IndexError:
+                        lri.lr_before = None
+
+                lastlri.lr_next = lri
+                if not lri:
+                    break
+                lr_items.append(lri)
+                lastlri = lri
+                i += 1
+            p.lr_items = lr_items
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                            == Class LRTable ==
+#
+# This basic class represents a basic table of LR parsing information.
+# Methods for generating the tables are not defined here.  They are defined
+# in the derived class LRGeneratedTable.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class VersionError(YaccError):
+    pass
+
+class LRTable(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.lr_action = None
+        self.lr_goto = None
+        self.lr_productions = None
+        self.lr_method = None
+
+    def read_table(self, module):
+        if isinstance(module, types.ModuleType):
+            parsetab = module
+        else:
+            exec('import %s' % module)
+            parsetab = sys.modules[module]
+
+        if parsetab._tabversion != __tabversion__:
+            raise VersionError('yacc table file version is out of date')
+
+        self.lr_action = parsetab._lr_action
+        self.lr_goto = parsetab._lr_goto
+
+        self.lr_productions = []
+        for p in parsetab._lr_productions:
+            self.lr_productions.append(MiniProduction(*p))
+
+        self.lr_method = parsetab._lr_method
+        return parsetab._lr_signature
+
+    def read_pickle(self, filename):
+        try:
+            import cPickle as pickle
+        except ImportError:
+            import pickle
+
+        if not os.path.exists(filename):
+          raise ImportError
+
+        in_f = open(filename, 'rb')
+
+        tabversion = pickle.load(in_f)
+        if tabversion != __tabversion__:
+            raise VersionError('yacc table file version is out of date')
+        self.lr_method = pickle.load(in_f)
+        signature      = pickle.load(in_f)
+        self.lr_action = pickle.load(in_f)
+        self.lr_goto   = pickle.load(in_f)
+        productions    = pickle.load(in_f)
+
+        self.lr_productions = []
+        for p in productions:
+            self.lr_productions.append(MiniProduction(*p))
+
+        in_f.close()
+        return signature
+
+    # Bind all production function names to callable objects in pdict
+    def bind_callables(self, pdict):
+        for p in self.lr_productions:
+            p.bind(pdict)
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                           === LR Generator ===
+#
+# The following classes and functions are used to generate LR parsing tables on
+# a grammar.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# digraph()
+# traverse()
+#
+# The following two functions are used to compute set valued functions
+# of the form:
+#
+#     F(x) = F'(x) U U{F(y) | x R y}
+#
+# This is used to compute the values of Read() sets as well as FOLLOW sets
+# in LALR(1) generation.
+#
+# Inputs:  X    - An input set
+#          R    - A relation
+#          FP   - Set-valued function
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def digraph(X, R, FP):
+    N = {}
+    for x in X:
+        N[x] = 0
+    stack = []
+    F = {}
+    for x in X:
+        if N[x] == 0:
+            traverse(x, N, stack, F, X, R, FP)
+    return F
+
+def traverse(x, N, stack, F, X, R, FP):
+    stack.append(x)
+    d = len(stack)
+    N[x] = d
+    F[x] = FP(x)             # F(X) <- F'(x)
+
+    rel = R(x)               # Get y's related to x
+    for y in rel:
+        if N[y] == 0:
+            traverse(y, N, stack, F, X, R, FP)
+        N[x] = min(N[x], N[y])
+        for a in F.get(y, []):
+            if a not in F[x]:
+                F[x].append(a)
+    if N[x] == d:
+        N[stack[-1]] = MAXINT
+        F[stack[-1]] = F[x]
+        element = stack.pop()
+        while element != x:
+            N[stack[-1]] = MAXINT
+            F[stack[-1]] = F[x]
+            element = stack.pop()
+
+class LALRError(YaccError):
+    pass
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                             == LRGeneratedTable ==
+#
+# This class implements the LR table generation algorithm.  There are no
+# public methods except for write()
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class LRGeneratedTable(LRTable):
+    def __init__(self, grammar, method='LALR', log=None):
+        if method not in ['SLR', 'LALR']:
+            raise LALRError('Unsupported method %s' % method)
+
+        self.grammar = grammar
+        self.lr_method = method
+
+        # Set up the logger
+        if not log:
+            log = NullLogger()
+        self.log = log
+
+        # Internal attributes
+        self.lr_action     = {}        # Action table
+        self.lr_goto       = {}        # Goto table
+        self.lr_productions  = grammar.Productions    # Copy of grammar Production array
+        self.lr_goto_cache = {}        # Cache of computed gotos
+        self.lr0_cidhash   = {}        # Cache of closures
+
+        self._add_count    = 0         # Internal counter used to detect cycles
+
+        # Diagonistic information filled in by the table generator
+        self.sr_conflict   = 0
+        self.rr_conflict   = 0
+        self.conflicts     = []        # List of conflicts
+
+        self.sr_conflicts  = []
+        self.rr_conflicts  = []
+
+        # Build the tables
+        self.grammar.build_lritems()
+        self.grammar.compute_first()
+        self.grammar.compute_follow()
+        self.lr_parse_table()
+
+    # Compute the LR(0) closure operation on I, where I is a set of LR(0) items.
+
+    def lr0_closure(self, I):
+        self._add_count += 1
+
+        # Add everything in I to J
+        J = I[:]
+        didadd = True
+        while didadd:
+            didadd = False
+            for j in J:
+                for x in j.lr_after:
+                    if getattr(x, 'lr0_added', 0) == self._add_count:
+                        continue
+                    # Add B --> .G to J
+                    J.append(x.lr_next)
+                    x.lr0_added = self._add_count
+                    didadd = True
+
+        return J
+
+    # Compute the LR(0) goto function goto(I,X) where I is a set
+    # of LR(0) items and X is a grammar symbol.   This function is written
+    # in a way that guarantees uniqueness of the generated goto sets
+    # (i.e. the same goto set will never be returned as two different Python
+    # objects).  With uniqueness, we can later do fast set comparisons using
+    # id(obj) instead of element-wise comparison.
+
+    def lr0_goto(self, I, x):
+        # First we look for a previously cached entry
+        g = self.lr_goto_cache.get((id(I), x))
+        if g:
+            return g
+
+        # Now we generate the goto set in a way that guarantees uniqueness
+        # of the result
+
+        s = self.lr_goto_cache.get(x)
+        if not s:
+            s = {}
+            self.lr_goto_cache[x] = s
+
+        gs = []
+        for p in I:
+            n = p.lr_next
+            if n and n.lr_before == x:
+                s1 = s.get(id(n))
+                if not s1:
+                    s1 = {}
+                    s[id(n)] = s1
+                gs.append(n)
+                s = s1
+        g = s.get('$end')
+        if not g:
+            if gs:
+                g = self.lr0_closure(gs)
+                s['$end'] = g
+            else:
+                s['$end'] = gs
+        self.lr_goto_cache[(id(I), x)] = g
+        return g
+
+    # Compute the LR(0) sets of item function
+    def lr0_items(self):
+        C = [self.lr0_closure([self.grammar.Productions[0].lr_next])]
+        i = 0
+        for I in C:
+            self.lr0_cidhash[id(I)] = i
+            i += 1
+
+        # Loop over the items in C and each grammar symbols
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(C):
+            I = C[i]
+            i += 1
+
+            # Collect all of the symbols that could possibly be in the goto(I,X) sets
+            asyms = {}
+            for ii in I:
+                for s in ii.usyms:
+                    asyms[s] = None
+
+            for x in asyms:
+                g = self.lr0_goto(I, x)
+                if not g or id(g) in self.lr0_cidhash:
+                    continue
+                self.lr0_cidhash[id(g)] = len(C)
+                C.append(g)
+
+        return C
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    #                       ==== LALR(1) Parsing ====
+    #
+    # LALR(1) parsing is almost exactly the same as SLR except that instead of
+    # relying upon Follow() sets when performing reductions, a more selective
+    # lookahead set that incorporates the state of the LR(0) machine is utilized.
+    # Thus, we mainly just have to focus on calculating the lookahead sets.
+    #
+    # The method used here is due to DeRemer and Pennelo (1982).
+    #
+    # DeRemer, F. L., and T. J. Pennelo: "Efficient Computation of LALR(1)
+    #     Lookahead Sets", ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems,
+    #     Vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 1982, pp. 615-649
+    #
+    # Further details can also be found in:
+    #
+    #  J. Tremblay and P. Sorenson, "The Theory and Practice of Compiler Writing",
+    #      McGraw-Hill Book Company, (1985).
+    #
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # compute_nullable_nonterminals()
+    #
+    # Creates a dictionary containing all of the non-terminals that might produce
+    # an empty production.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def compute_nullable_nonterminals(self):
+        nullable = set()
+        num_nullable = 0
+        while True:
+            for p in self.grammar.Productions[1:]:
+                if p.len == 0:
+                    nullable.add(p.name)
+                    continue
+                for t in p.prod:
+                    if t not in nullable:
+                        break
+                else:
+                    nullable.add(p.name)
+            if len(nullable) == num_nullable:
+                break
+            num_nullable = len(nullable)
+        return nullable
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # find_nonterminal_trans(C)
+    #
+    # Given a set of LR(0) items, this functions finds all of the non-terminal
+    # transitions.    These are transitions in which a dot appears immediately before
+    # a non-terminal.   Returns a list of tuples of the form (state,N) where state
+    # is the state number and N is the nonterminal symbol.
+    #
+    # The input C is the set of LR(0) items.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def find_nonterminal_transitions(self, C):
+        trans = []
+        for stateno, state in enumerate(C):
+            for p in state:
+                if p.lr_index < p.len - 1:
+                    t = (stateno, p.prod[p.lr_index+1])
+                    if t[1] in self.grammar.Nonterminals:
+                        if t not in trans:
+                            trans.append(t)
+        return trans
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # dr_relation()
+    #
+    # Computes the DR(p,A) relationships for non-terminal transitions.  The input
+    # is a tuple (state,N) where state is a number and N is a nonterminal symbol.
+    #
+    # Returns a list of terminals.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def dr_relation(self, C, trans, nullable):
+        dr_set = {}
+        state, N = trans
+        terms = []
+
+        g = self.lr0_goto(C[state], N)
+        for p in g:
+            if p.lr_index < p.len - 1:
+                a = p.prod[p.lr_index+1]
+                if a in self.grammar.Terminals:
+                    if a not in terms:
+                        terms.append(a)
+
+        # This extra bit is to handle the start state
+        if state == 0 and N == self.grammar.Productions[0].prod[0]:
+            terms.append('$end')
+
+        return terms
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # reads_relation()
+    #
+    # Computes the READS() relation (p,A) READS (t,C).
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def reads_relation(self, C, trans, empty):
+        # Look for empty transitions
+        rel = []
+        state, N = trans
+
+        g = self.lr0_goto(C[state], N)
+        j = self.lr0_cidhash.get(id(g), -1)
+        for p in g:
+            if p.lr_index < p.len - 1:
+                a = p.prod[p.lr_index + 1]
+                if a in empty:
+                    rel.append((j, a))
+
+        return rel
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # compute_lookback_includes()
+    #
+    # Determines the lookback and includes relations
+    #
+    # LOOKBACK:
+    #
+    # This relation is determined by running the LR(0) state machine forward.
+    # For example, starting with a production "N : . A B C", we run it forward
+    # to obtain "N : A B C ."   We then build a relationship between this final
+    # state and the starting state.   These relationships are stored in a dictionary
+    # lookdict.
+    #
+    # INCLUDES:
+    #
+    # Computes the INCLUDE() relation (p,A) INCLUDES (p',B).
+    #
+    # This relation is used to determine non-terminal transitions that occur
+    # inside of other non-terminal transition states.   (p,A) INCLUDES (p', B)
+    # if the following holds:
+    #
+    #       B -> LAT, where T -> epsilon and p' -L-> p
+    #
+    # L is essentially a prefix (which may be empty), T is a suffix that must be
+    # able to derive an empty string.  State p' must lead to state p with the string L.
+    #
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def compute_lookback_includes(self, C, trans, nullable):
+        lookdict = {}          # Dictionary of lookback relations
+        includedict = {}       # Dictionary of include relations
+
+        # Make a dictionary of non-terminal transitions
+        dtrans = {}
+        for t in trans:
+            dtrans[t] = 1
+
+        # Loop over all transitions and compute lookbacks and includes
+        for state, N in trans:
+            lookb = []
+            includes = []
+            for p in C[state]:
+                if p.name != N:
+                    continue
+
+                # Okay, we have a name match.  We now follow the production all the way
+                # through the state machine until we get the . on the right hand side
+
+                lr_index = p.lr_index
+                j = state
+                while lr_index < p.len - 1:
+                    lr_index = lr_index + 1
+                    t = p.prod[lr_index]
+
+                    # Check to see if this symbol and state are a non-terminal transition
+                    if (j, t) in dtrans:
+                        # Yes.  Okay, there is some chance that this is an includes relation
+                        # the only way to know for certain is whether the rest of the
+                        # production derives empty
+
+                        li = lr_index + 1
+                        while li < p.len:
+                            if p.prod[li] in self.grammar.Terminals:
+                                break      # No forget it
+                            if p.prod[li] not in nullable:
+                                break
+                            li = li + 1
+                        else:
+                            # Appears to be a relation between (j,t) and (state,N)
+                            includes.append((j, t))
+
+                    g = self.lr0_goto(C[j], t)               # Go to next set
+                    j = self.lr0_cidhash.get(id(g), -1)      # Go to next state
+
+                # When we get here, j is the final state, now we have to locate the production
+                for r in C[j]:
+                    if r.name != p.name:
+                        continue
+                    if r.len != p.len:
+                        continue
+                    i = 0
+                    # This look is comparing a production ". A B C" with "A B C ."
+                    while i < r.lr_index:
+                        if r.prod[i] != p.prod[i+1]:
+                            break
+                        i = i + 1
+                    else:
+                        lookb.append((j, r))
+            for i in includes:
+                if i not in includedict:
+                    includedict[i] = []
+                includedict[i].append((state, N))
+            lookdict[(state, N)] = lookb
+
+        return lookdict, includedict
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # compute_read_sets()
+    #
+    # Given a set of LR(0) items, this function computes the read sets.
+    #
+    # Inputs:  C        =  Set of LR(0) items
+    #          ntrans   = Set of nonterminal transitions
+    #          nullable = Set of empty transitions
+    #
+    # Returns a set containing the read sets
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def compute_read_sets(self, C, ntrans, nullable):
+        FP = lambda x: self.dr_relation(C, x, nullable)
+        R =  lambda x: self.reads_relation(C, x, nullable)
+        F = digraph(ntrans, R, FP)
+        return F
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # compute_follow_sets()
+    #
+    # Given a set of LR(0) items, a set of non-terminal transitions, a readset,
+    # and an include set, this function computes the follow sets
+    #
+    # Follow(p,A) = Read(p,A) U U {Follow(p',B) | (p,A) INCLUDES (p',B)}
+    #
+    # Inputs:
+    #            ntrans     = Set of nonterminal transitions
+    #            readsets   = Readset (previously computed)
+    #            inclsets   = Include sets (previously computed)
+    #
+    # Returns a set containing the follow sets
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def compute_follow_sets(self, ntrans, readsets, inclsets):
+        FP = lambda x: readsets[x]
+        R  = lambda x: inclsets.get(x, [])
+        F = digraph(ntrans, R, FP)
+        return F
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # add_lookaheads()
+    #
+    # Attaches the lookahead symbols to grammar rules.
+    #
+    # Inputs:    lookbacks         -  Set of lookback relations
+    #            followset         -  Computed follow set
+    #
+    # This function directly attaches the lookaheads to productions contained
+    # in the lookbacks set
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def add_lookaheads(self, lookbacks, followset):
+        for trans, lb in lookbacks.items():
+            # Loop over productions in lookback
+            for state, p in lb:
+                if state not in p.lookaheads:
+                    p.lookaheads[state] = []
+                f = followset.get(trans, [])
+                for a in f:
+                    if a not in p.lookaheads[state]:
+                        p.lookaheads[state].append(a)
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # add_lalr_lookaheads()
+    #
+    # This function does all of the work of adding lookahead information for use
+    # with LALR parsing
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def add_lalr_lookaheads(self, C):
+        # Determine all of the nullable nonterminals
+        nullable = self.compute_nullable_nonterminals()
+
+        # Find all non-terminal transitions
+        trans = self.find_nonterminal_transitions(C)
+
+        # Compute read sets
+        readsets = self.compute_read_sets(C, trans, nullable)
+
+        # Compute lookback/includes relations
+        lookd, included = self.compute_lookback_includes(C, trans, nullable)
+
+        # Compute LALR FOLLOW sets
+        followsets = self.compute_follow_sets(trans, readsets, included)
+
+        # Add all of the lookaheads
+        self.add_lookaheads(lookd, followsets)
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # lr_parse_table()
+    #
+    # This function constructs the parse tables for SLR or LALR
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def lr_parse_table(self):
+        Productions = self.grammar.Productions
+        Precedence  = self.grammar.Precedence
+        goto   = self.lr_goto         # Goto array
+        action = self.lr_action       # Action array
+        log    = self.log             # Logger for output
+
+        actionp = {}                  # Action production array (temporary)
+
+        log.info('Parsing method: %s', self.lr_method)
+
+        # Step 1: Construct C = { I0, I1, ... IN}, collection of LR(0) items
+        # This determines the number of states
+
+        C = self.lr0_items()
+
+        if self.lr_method == 'LALR':
+            self.add_lalr_lookaheads(C)
+
+        # Build the parser table, state by state
+        st = 0
+        for I in C:
+            # Loop over each production in I
+            actlist = []              # List of actions
+            st_action  = {}
+            st_actionp = {}
+            st_goto    = {}
+            log.info('')
+            log.info('state %d', st)
+            log.info('')
+            for p in I:
+                log.info('    (%d) %s', p.number, p)
+            log.info('')
+
+            for p in I:
+                    if p.len == p.lr_index + 1:
+                        if p.name == "S'":
+                            # Start symbol. Accept!
+                            st_action['$end'] = 0
+                            st_actionp['$end'] = p
+                        else:
+                            # We are at the end of a production.  Reduce!
+                            if self.lr_method == 'LALR':
+                                laheads = p.lookaheads[st]
+                            else:
+                                laheads = self.grammar.Follow[p.name]
+                            for a in laheads:
+                                actlist.append((a, p, 'reduce using rule %d (%s)' % (p.number, p)))
+                                r = st_action.get(a)
+                                if r is not None:
+                                    # Whoa. Have a shift/reduce or reduce/reduce conflict
+                                    if r > 0:
+                                        # Need to decide on shift or reduce here
+                                        # By default we favor shifting. Need to add
+                                        # some precedence rules here.
+
+                                        # Shift precedence comes from the token
+                                        sprec, slevel = Precedence.get(a, ('right', 0))
+
+                                        # Reduce precedence comes from rule being reduced (p)
+                                        rprec, rlevel = Productions[p.number].prec
+
+                                        if (slevel < rlevel) or ((slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'left')):
+                                            # We really need to reduce here.
+                                            st_action[a] = -p.number
+                                            st_actionp[a] = p
+                                            if not slevel and not rlevel:
+                                                log.info('  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as reduce', a)
+                                                self.sr_conflicts.append((st, a, 'reduce'))
+                                            Productions[p.number].reduced += 1
+                                        elif (slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'nonassoc'):
+                                            st_action[a] = None
+                                        else:
+                                            # Hmmm. Guess we'll keep the shift
+                                            if not rlevel:
+                                                log.info('  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as shift', a)
+                                                self.sr_conflicts.append((st, a, 'shift'))
+                                    elif r < 0:
+                                        # Reduce/reduce conflict.   In this case, we favor the rule
+                                        # that was defined first in the grammar file
+                                        oldp = Productions[-r]
+                                        pp = Productions[p.number]
+                                        if oldp.line > pp.line:
+                                            st_action[a] = -p.number
+                                            st_actionp[a] = p
+                                            chosenp, rejectp = pp, oldp
+                                            Productions[p.number].reduced += 1
+                                            Productions[oldp.number].reduced -= 1
+                                        else:
+                                            chosenp, rejectp = oldp, pp
+                                        self.rr_conflicts.append((st, chosenp, rejectp))
+                                        log.info('  ! reduce/reduce conflict for %s resolved using rule %d (%s)',
+                                                 a, st_actionp[a].number, st_actionp[a])
+                                    else:
+                                        raise LALRError('Unknown conflict in state %d' % st)
+                                else:
+                                    st_action[a] = -p.number
+                                    st_actionp[a] = p
+                                    Productions[p.number].reduced += 1
+                    else:
+                        i = p.lr_index
+                        a = p.prod[i+1]       # Get symbol right after the "."
+                        if a in self.grammar.Terminals:
+                            g = self.lr0_goto(I, a)
+                            j = self.lr0_cidhash.get(id(g), -1)
+                            if j >= 0:
+                                # We are in a shift state
+                                actlist.append((a, p, 'shift and go to state %d' % j))
+                                r = st_action.get(a)
+                                if r is not None:
+                                    # Whoa have a shift/reduce or shift/shift conflict
+                                    if r > 0:
+                                        if r != j:
+                                            raise LALRError('Shift/shift conflict in state %d' % st)
+                                    elif r < 0:
+                                        # Do a precedence check.
+                                        #   -  if precedence of reduce rule is higher, we reduce.
+                                        #   -  if precedence of reduce is same and left assoc, we reduce.
+                                        #   -  otherwise we shift
+
+                                        # Shift precedence comes from the token
+                                        sprec, slevel = Precedence.get(a, ('right', 0))
+
+                                        # Reduce precedence comes from the rule that could have been reduced
+                                        rprec, rlevel = Productions[st_actionp[a].number].prec
+
+                                        if (slevel > rlevel) or ((slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'right')):
+                                            # We decide to shift here... highest precedence to shift
+                                            Productions[st_actionp[a].number].reduced -= 1
+                                            st_action[a] = j
+                                            st_actionp[a] = p
+                                            if not rlevel:
+                                                log.info('  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as shift', a)
+                                                self.sr_conflicts.append((st, a, 'shift'))
+                                        elif (slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'nonassoc'):
+                                            st_action[a] = None
+                                        else:
+                                            # Hmmm. Guess we'll keep the reduce
+                                            if not slevel and not rlevel:
+                                                log.info('  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as reduce', a)
+                                                self.sr_conflicts.append((st, a, 'reduce'))
+
+                                    else:
+                                        raise LALRError('Unknown conflict in state %d' % st)
+                                else:
+                                    st_action[a] = j
+                                    st_actionp[a] = p
+
+            # Print the actions associated with each terminal
+            _actprint = {}
+            for a, p, m in actlist:
+                if a in st_action:
+                    if p is st_actionp[a]:
+                        log.info('    %-15s %s', a, m)
+                        _actprint[(a, m)] = 1
+            log.info('')
+            # Print the actions that were not used. (debugging)
+            not_used = 0
+            for a, p, m in actlist:
+                if a in st_action:
+                    if p is not st_actionp[a]:
+                        if not (a, m) in _actprint:
+                            log.debug('  ! %-15s [ %s ]', a, m)
+                            not_used = 1
+                            _actprint[(a, m)] = 1
+            if not_used:
+                log.debug('')
+
+            # Construct the goto table for this state
+
+            nkeys = {}
+            for ii in I:
+                for s in ii.usyms:
+                    if s in self.grammar.Nonterminals:
+                        nkeys[s] = None
+            for n in nkeys:
+                g = self.lr0_goto(I, n)
+                j = self.lr0_cidhash.get(id(g), -1)
+                if j >= 0:
+                    st_goto[n] = j
+                    log.info('    %-30s shift and go to state %d', n, j)
+
+            action[st] = st_action
+            actionp[st] = st_actionp
+            goto[st] = st_goto
+            st += 1
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # write()
+    #
+    # This function writes the LR parsing tables to a file
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def write_table(self, tabmodule, outputdir='', signature=''):
+        if isinstance(tabmodule, types.ModuleType):
+            raise IOError("Won't overwrite existing tabmodule")
+
+        basemodulename = tabmodule.split('.')[-1]
+        filename = os.path.join(outputdir, basemodulename) + '.py'
+        try:
+            f = open(filename, 'w')
+
+            f.write('''
+# %s
+# This file is automatically generated. Do not edit.
+_tabversion = %r
+
+_lr_method = %r
+
+_lr_signature = %r
+    ''' % (os.path.basename(filename), __tabversion__, self.lr_method, signature))
+
+            # Change smaller to 0 to go back to original tables
+            smaller = 1
+
+            # Factor out names to try and make smaller
+            if smaller:
+                items = {}
+
+                for s, nd in self.lr_action.items():
+                    for name, v in nd.items():
+                        i = items.get(name)
+                        if not i:
+                            i = ([], [])
+                            items[name] = i
+                        i[0].append(s)
+                        i[1].append(v)
+
+                f.write('\n_lr_action_items = {')
+                for k, v in items.items():
+                    f.write('%r:([' % k)
+                    for i in v[0]:
+                        f.write('%r,' % i)
+                    f.write('],[')
+                    for i in v[1]:
+                        f.write('%r,' % i)
+
+                    f.write(']),')
+                f.write('}\n')
+
+                f.write('''
+_lr_action = {}
+for _k, _v in _lr_action_items.items():
+   for _x,_y in zip(_v[0],_v[1]):
+      if not _x in _lr_action:  _lr_action[_x] = {}
+      _lr_action[_x][_k] = _y
+del _lr_action_items
+''')
+
+            else:
+                f.write('\n_lr_action = { ')
+                for k, v in self.lr_action.items():
+                    f.write('(%r,%r):%r,' % (k[0], k[1], v))
+                f.write('}\n')
+
+            if smaller:
+                # Factor out names to try and make smaller
+                items = {}
+
+                for s, nd in self.lr_goto.items():
+                    for name, v in nd.items():
+                        i = items.get(name)
+                        if not i:
+                            i = ([], [])
+                            items[name] = i
+                        i[0].append(s)
+                        i[1].append(v)
+
+                f.write('\n_lr_goto_items = {')
+                for k, v in items.items():
+                    f.write('%r:([' % k)
+                    for i in v[0]:
+                        f.write('%r,' % i)
+                    f.write('],[')
+                    for i in v[1]:
+                        f.write('%r,' % i)
+
+                    f.write(']),')
+                f.write('}\n')
+
+                f.write('''
+_lr_goto = {}
+for _k, _v in _lr_goto_items.items():
+   for _x, _y in zip(_v[0], _v[1]):
+       if not _x in _lr_goto: _lr_goto[_x] = {}
+       _lr_goto[_x][_k] = _y
+del _lr_goto_items
+''')
+            else:
+                f.write('\n_lr_goto = { ')
+                for k, v in self.lr_goto.items():
+                    f.write('(%r,%r):%r,' % (k[0], k[1], v))
+                f.write('}\n')
+
+            # Write production table
+            f.write('_lr_productions = [\n')
+            for p in self.lr_productions:
+                if p.func:
+                    f.write('  (%r,%r,%d,%r,%r,%d),\n' % (p.str, p.name, p.len,
+                                                          p.func, os.path.basename(p.file), p.line))
+                else:
+                    f.write('  (%r,%r,%d,None,None,None),\n' % (str(p), p.name, p.len))
+            f.write(']\n')
+            f.close()
+
+        except IOError as e:
+            raise
+
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # pickle_table()
+    #
+    # This function pickles the LR parsing tables to a supplied file object
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def pickle_table(self, filename, signature=''):
+        try:
+            import cPickle as pickle
+        except ImportError:
+            import pickle
+        with open(filename, 'wb') as outf:
+            pickle.dump(__tabversion__, outf, pickle_protocol)
+            pickle.dump(self.lr_method, outf, pickle_protocol)
+            pickle.dump(signature, outf, pickle_protocol)
+            pickle.dump(self.lr_action, outf, pickle_protocol)
+            pickle.dump(self.lr_goto, outf, pickle_protocol)
+
+            outp = []
+            for p in self.lr_productions:
+                if p.func:
+                    outp.append((p.str, p.name, p.len, p.func, os.path.basename(p.file), p.line))
+                else:
+                    outp.append((str(p), p.name, p.len, None, None, None))
+            pickle.dump(outp, outf, pickle_protocol)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                            === INTROSPECTION ===
+#
+# The following functions and classes are used to implement the PLY
+# introspection features followed by the yacc() function itself.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# get_caller_module_dict()
+#
+# This function returns a dictionary containing all of the symbols defined within
+# a caller further down the call stack.  This is used to get the environment
+# associated with the yacc() call if none was provided.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def get_caller_module_dict(levels):
+    f = sys._getframe(levels)
+    ldict = f.f_globals.copy()
+    if f.f_globals != f.f_locals:
+        ldict.update(f.f_locals)
+    return ldict
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# parse_grammar()
+#
+# This takes a raw grammar rule string and parses it into production data
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def parse_grammar(doc, file, line):
+    grammar = []
+    # Split the doc string into lines
+    pstrings = doc.splitlines()
+    lastp = None
+    dline = line
+    for ps in pstrings:
+        dline += 1
+        p = ps.split()
+        if not p:
+            continue
+        try:
+            if p[0] == '|':
+                # This is a continuation of a previous rule
+                if not lastp:
+                    raise SyntaxError("%s:%d: Misplaced '|'" % (file, dline))
+                prodname = lastp
+                syms = p[1:]
+            else:
+                prodname = p[0]
+                lastp = prodname
+                syms   = p[2:]
+                assign = p[1]
+                if assign != ':' and assign != '::=':
+                    raise SyntaxError("%s:%d: Syntax error. Expected ':'" % (file, dline))
+
+            grammar.append((file, dline, prodname, syms))
+        except SyntaxError:
+            raise
+        except Exception:
+            raise SyntaxError('%s:%d: Syntax error in rule %r' % (file, dline, ps.strip()))
+
+    return grammar
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ParserReflect()
+#
+# This class represents information extracted for building a parser including
+# start symbol, error function, tokens, precedence list, action functions,
+# etc.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+class ParserReflect(object):
+    def __init__(self, pdict, log=None):
+        self.pdict      = pdict
+        self.start      = None
+        self.error_func = None
+        self.tokens     = None
+        self.modules    = set()
+        self.grammar    = []
+        self.error      = False
+
+        if log is None:
+            self.log = PlyLogger(sys.stderr)
+        else:
+            self.log = log
+
+    # Get all of the basic information
+    def get_all(self):
+        self.get_start()
+        self.get_error_func()
+        self.get_tokens()
+        self.get_precedence()
+        self.get_pfunctions()
+
+    # Validate all of the information
+    def validate_all(self):
+        self.validate_start()
+        self.validate_error_func()
+        self.validate_tokens()
+        self.validate_precedence()
+        self.validate_pfunctions()
+        self.validate_modules()
+        return self.error
+
+    # Compute a signature over the grammar
+    def signature(self):
+        parts = []
+        try:
+            if self.start:
+                parts.append(self.start)
+            if self.prec:
+                parts.append(''.join([''.join(p) for p in self.prec]))
+            if self.tokens:
+                parts.append(' '.join(self.tokens))
+            for f in self.pfuncs:
+                if f[3]:
+                    parts.append(f[3])
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            pass
+        return ''.join(parts)
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # validate_modules()
+    #
+    # This method checks to see if there are duplicated p_rulename() functions
+    # in the parser module file.  Without this function, it is really easy for
+    # users to make mistakes by cutting and pasting code fragments (and it's a real
+    # bugger to try and figure out why the resulting parser doesn't work).  Therefore,
+    # we just do a little regular expression pattern matching of def statements
+    # to try and detect duplicates.
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def validate_modules(self):
+        # Match def p_funcname(
+        fre = re.compile(r'\s*def\s+(p_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)\(')
+
+        for module in self.modules:
+            try:
+                lines, linen = inspect.getsourcelines(module)
+            except IOError:
+                continue
+
+            counthash = {}
+            for linen, line in enumerate(lines):
+                linen += 1
+                m = fre.match(line)
+                if m:
+                    name = m.group(1)
+                    prev = counthash.get(name)
+                    if not prev:
+                        counthash[name] = linen
+                    else:
+                        filename = inspect.getsourcefile(module)
+                        self.log.warning('%s:%d: Function %s redefined. Previously defined on line %d',
+                                         filename, linen, name, prev)
+
+    # Get the start symbol
+    def get_start(self):
+        self.start = self.pdict.get('start')
+
+    # Validate the start symbol
+    def validate_start(self):
+        if self.start is not None:
+            if not isinstance(self.start, string_types):
+                self.log.error("'start' must be a string")
+
+    # Look for error handler
+    def get_error_func(self):
+        self.error_func = self.pdict.get('p_error')
+
+    # Validate the error function
+    def validate_error_func(self):
+        if self.error_func:
+            if isinstance(self.error_func, types.FunctionType):
+                ismethod = 0
+            elif isinstance(self.error_func, types.MethodType):
+                ismethod = 1
+            else:
+                self.log.error("'p_error' defined, but is not a function or method")
+                self.error = True
+                return
+
+            eline = self.error_func.__code__.co_firstlineno
+            efile = self.error_func.__code__.co_filename
+            module = inspect.getmodule(self.error_func)
+            self.modules.add(module)
+
+            argcount = self.error_func.__code__.co_argcount - ismethod
+            if argcount != 1:
+                self.log.error('%s:%d: p_error() requires 1 argument', efile, eline)
+                self.error = True
+
+    # Get the tokens map
+    def get_tokens(self):
+        tokens = self.pdict.get('tokens')
+        if not tokens:
+            self.log.error('No token list is defined')
+            self.error = True
+            return
+
+        if not isinstance(tokens, (list, tuple)):
+            self.log.error('tokens must be a list or tuple')
+            self.error = True
+            return
+
+        if not tokens:
+            self.log.error('tokens is empty')
+            self.error = True
+            return
+
+        self.tokens = tokens
+
+    # Validate the tokens
+    def validate_tokens(self):
+        # Validate the tokens.
+        if 'error' in self.tokens:
+            self.log.error("Illegal token name 'error'. Is a reserved word")
+            self.error = True
+            return
+
+        terminals = set()
+        for n in self.tokens:
+            if n in terminals:
+                self.log.warning('Token %r multiply defined', n)
+            terminals.add(n)
+
+    # Get the precedence map (if any)
+    def get_precedence(self):
+        self.prec = self.pdict.get('precedence')
+
+    # Validate and parse the precedence map
+    def validate_precedence(self):
+        preclist = []
+        if self.prec:
+            if not isinstance(self.prec, (list, tuple)):
+                self.log.error('precedence must be a list or tuple')
+                self.error = True
+                return
+            for level, p in enumerate(self.prec):
+                if not isinstance(p, (list, tuple)):
+                    self.log.error('Bad precedence table')
+                    self.error = True
+                    return
+
+                if len(p) < 2:
+                    self.log.error('Malformed precedence entry %s. Must be (assoc, term, ..., term)', p)
+                    self.error = True
+                    return
+                assoc = p[0]
+                if not isinstance(assoc, string_types):
+                    self.log.error('precedence associativity must be a string')
+                    self.error = True
+                    return
+                for term in p[1:]:
+                    if not isinstance(term, string_types):
+                        self.log.error('precedence items must be strings')
+                        self.error = True
+                        return
+                    preclist.append((term, assoc, level+1))
+        self.preclist = preclist
+
+    # Get all p_functions from the grammar
+    def get_pfunctions(self):
+        p_functions = []
+        for name, item in self.pdict.items():
+            if not name.startswith('p_') or name == 'p_error':
+                continue
+            if isinstance(item, (types.FunctionType, types.MethodType)):
+                line = getattr(item, 'co_firstlineno', item.__code__.co_firstlineno)
+                module = inspect.getmodule(item)
+                p_functions.append((line, module, name, item.__doc__))
+
+        # Sort all of the actions by line number; make sure to stringify
+        # modules to make them sortable, since `line` may not uniquely sort all
+        # p functions
+        p_functions.sort(key=lambda p_function: (
+            p_function[0],
+            str(p_function[1]),
+            p_function[2],
+            p_function[3]))
+        self.pfuncs = p_functions
+
+    # Validate all of the p_functions
+    def validate_pfunctions(self):
+        grammar = []
+        # Check for non-empty symbols
+        if len(self.pfuncs) == 0:
+            self.log.error('no rules of the form p_rulename are defined')
+            self.error = True
+            return
+
+        for line, module, name, doc in self.pfuncs:
+            file = inspect.getsourcefile(module)
+            func = self.pdict[name]
+            if isinstance(func, types.MethodType):
+                reqargs = 2
+            else:
+                reqargs = 1
+            if func.__code__.co_argcount > reqargs:
+                self.log.error('%s:%d: Rule %r has too many arguments', file, line, func.__name__)
+                self.error = True
+            elif func.__code__.co_argcount < reqargs:
+                self.log.error('%s:%d: Rule %r requires an argument', file, line, func.__name__)
+                self.error = True
+            elif not func.__doc__:
+                self.log.warning('%s:%d: No documentation string specified in function %r (ignored)',
+                                 file, line, func.__name__)
+            else:
+                try:
+                    parsed_g = parse_grammar(doc, file, line)
+                    for g in parsed_g:
+                        grammar.append((name, g))
+                except SyntaxError as e:
+                    self.log.error(str(e))
+                    self.error = True
+
+                # Looks like a valid grammar rule
+                # Mark the file in which defined.
+                self.modules.add(module)
+
+        # Secondary validation step that looks for p_ definitions that are not functions
+        # or functions that look like they might be grammar rules.
+
+        for n, v in self.pdict.items():
+            if n.startswith('p_') and isinstance(v, (types.FunctionType, types.MethodType)):
+                continue
+            if n.startswith('t_'):
+                continue
+            if n.startswith('p_') and n != 'p_error':
+                self.log.warning('%r not defined as a function', n)
+            if ((isinstance(v, types.FunctionType) and v.__code__.co_argcount == 1) or
+                   (isinstance(v, types.MethodType) and v.__func__.__code__.co_argcount == 2)):
+                if v.__doc__:
+                    try:
+                        doc = v.__doc__.split(' ')
+                        if doc[1] == ':':
+                            self.log.warning('%s:%d: Possible grammar rule %r defined without p_ prefix',
+                                             v.__code__.co_filename, v.__code__.co_firstlineno, n)
+                    except IndexError:
+                        pass
+
+        self.grammar = grammar
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc(module)
+#
+# Build a parser
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def yacc(method='LALR', debug=yaccdebug, module=None, tabmodule=tab_module, start=None,
+         check_recursion=True, optimize=False, write_tables=True, debugfile=debug_file,
+         outputdir=None, debuglog=None, errorlog=None, picklefile=None):
+
+    if tabmodule is None:
+        tabmodule = tab_module
+
+    # Reference to the parsing method of the last built parser
+    global parse
+
+    # If pickling is enabled, table files are not created
+    if picklefile:
+        write_tables = 0
+
+    if errorlog is None:
+        errorlog = PlyLogger(sys.stderr)
+
+    # Get the module dictionary used for the parser
+    if module:
+        _items = [(k, getattr(module, k)) for k in dir(module)]
+        pdict = dict(_items)
+        # If no __file__ attribute is available, try to obtain it from the __module__ instead
+        if '__file__' not in pdict:
+            pdict['__file__'] = sys.modules[pdict['__module__']].__file__
+    else:
+        pdict = get_caller_module_dict(2)
+
+    if outputdir is None:
+        # If no output directory is set, the location of the output files
+        # is determined according to the following rules:
+        #     - If tabmodule specifies a package, files go into that package directory
+        #     - Otherwise, files go in the same directory as the specifying module
+        if isinstance(tabmodule, types.ModuleType):
+            srcfile = tabmodule.__file__
+        else:
+            if '.' not in tabmodule:
+                srcfile = pdict['__file__']
+            else:
+                parts = tabmodule.split('.')
+                pkgname = '.'.join(parts[:-1])
+                exec('import %s' % pkgname)
+                srcfile = getattr(sys.modules[pkgname], '__file__', '')
+        outputdir = os.path.dirname(srcfile)
+
+    # Determine if the module is package of a package or not.
+    # If so, fix the tabmodule setting so that tables load correctly
+    pkg = pdict.get('__package__')
+    if pkg and isinstance(tabmodule, str):
+        if '.' not in tabmodule:
+            tabmodule = pkg + '.' + tabmodule
+
+
+
+    # Set start symbol if it's specified directly using an argument
+    if start is not None:
+        pdict['start'] = start
+
+    # Collect parser information from the dictionary
+    pinfo = ParserReflect(pdict, log=errorlog)
+    pinfo.get_all()
+
+    if pinfo.error:
+        raise YaccError('Unable to build parser')
+
+    # Check signature against table files (if any)
+    signature = pinfo.signature()
+
+    # Read the tables
+    try:
+        lr = LRTable()
+        if picklefile:
+            read_signature = lr.read_pickle(picklefile)
+        else:
+            read_signature = lr.read_table(tabmodule)
+        if optimize or (read_signature == signature):
+            try:
+                lr.bind_callables(pinfo.pdict)
+                parser = LRParser(lr, pinfo.error_func)
+                parse = parser.parse
+                return parser
+            except Exception as e:
+                errorlog.warning('There was a problem loading the table file: %r', e)
+    except VersionError as e:
+        errorlog.warning(str(e))
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+    if debuglog is None:
+        if debug:
+            try:
+                debuglog = PlyLogger(open(os.path.join(outputdir, debugfile), 'w'))
+            except IOError as e:
+                errorlog.warning("Couldn't open %r. %s" % (debugfile, e))
+                debuglog = NullLogger()
+        else:
+            debuglog = NullLogger()
+
+    debuglog.info('Created by PLY version %s (http://www.dabeaz.com/ply)', __version__)
+
+    errors = False
+
+    # Validate the parser information
+    if pinfo.validate_all():
+        raise YaccError('Unable to build parser')
+
+    if not pinfo.error_func:
+        errorlog.warning('no p_error() function is defined')
+
+    # Create a grammar object
+    grammar = Grammar(pinfo.tokens)
+
+    # Set precedence level for terminals
+    for term, assoc, level in pinfo.preclist:
+        try:
+            grammar.set_precedence(term, assoc, level)
+        except GrammarError as e:
+            errorlog.warning('%s', e)
+
+    # Add productions to the grammar
+    for funcname, gram in pinfo.grammar:
+        file, line, prodname, syms = gram
+        try:
+            grammar.add_production(prodname, syms, funcname, file, line)
+        except GrammarError as e:
+            errorlog.error('%s', e)
+            errors = True
+
+    # Set the grammar start symbols
+    try:
+        if start is None:
+            grammar.set_start(pinfo.start)
+        else:
+            grammar.set_start(start)
+    except GrammarError as e:
+        errorlog.error(str(e))
+        errors = True
+
+    if errors:
+        raise YaccError('Unable to build parser')
+
+    # Verify the grammar structure
+    undefined_symbols = grammar.undefined_symbols()
+    for sym, prod in undefined_symbols:
+        errorlog.error('%s:%d: Symbol %r used, but not defined as a token or a rule', prod.file, prod.line, sym)
+        errors = True
+
+    unused_terminals = grammar.unused_terminals()
+    if unused_terminals:
+        debuglog.info('')
+        debuglog.info('Unused terminals:')
+        debuglog.info('')
+        for term in unused_terminals:
+            errorlog.warning('Token %r defined, but not used', term)
+            debuglog.info('    %s', term)
+
+    # Print out all productions to the debug log
+    if debug:
+        debuglog.info('')
+        debuglog.info('Grammar')
+        debuglog.info('')
+        for n, p in enumerate(grammar.Productions):
+            debuglog.info('Rule %-5d %s', n, p)
+
+    # Find unused non-terminals
+    unused_rules = grammar.unused_rules()
+    for prod in unused_rules:
+        errorlog.warning('%s:%d: Rule %r defined, but not used', prod.file, prod.line, prod.name)
+
+    if len(unused_terminals) == 1:
+        errorlog.warning('There is 1 unused token')
+    if len(unused_terminals) > 1:
+        errorlog.warning('There are %d unused tokens', len(unused_terminals))
+
+    if len(unused_rules) == 1:
+        errorlog.warning('There is 1 unused rule')
+    if len(unused_rules) > 1:
+        errorlog.warning('There are %d unused rules', len(unused_rules))
+
+    if debug:
+        debuglog.info('')
+        debuglog.info('Terminals, with rules where they appear')
+        debuglog.info('')
+        terms = list(grammar.Terminals)
+        terms.sort()
+        for term in terms:
+            debuglog.info('%-20s : %s', term, ' '.join([str(s) for s in grammar.Terminals[term]]))
+
+        debuglog.info('')
+        debuglog.info('Nonterminals, with rules where they appear')
+        debuglog.info('')
+        nonterms = list(grammar.Nonterminals)
+        nonterms.sort()
+        for nonterm in nonterms:
+            debuglog.info('%-20s : %s', nonterm, ' '.join([str(s) for s in grammar.Nonterminals[nonterm]]))
+        debuglog.info('')
+
+    if check_recursion:
+        unreachable = grammar.find_unreachable()
+        for u in unreachable:
+            errorlog.warning('Symbol %r is unreachable', u)
+
+        infinite = grammar.infinite_cycles()
+        for inf in infinite:
+            errorlog.error('Infinite recursion detected for symbol %r', inf)
+            errors = True
+
+    unused_prec = grammar.unused_precedence()
+    for term, assoc in unused_prec:
+        errorlog.error('Precedence rule %r defined for unknown symbol %r', assoc, term)
+        errors = True
+
+    if errors:
+        raise YaccError('Unable to build parser')
+
+    # Run the LRGeneratedTable on the grammar
+    if debug:
+        errorlog.debug('Generating %s tables', method)
+
+    lr = LRGeneratedTable(grammar, method, debuglog)
+
+    if debug:
+        num_sr = len(lr.sr_conflicts)
+
+        # Report shift/reduce and reduce/reduce conflicts
+        if num_sr == 1:
+            errorlog.warning('1 shift/reduce conflict')
+        elif num_sr > 1:
+            errorlog.warning('%d shift/reduce conflicts', num_sr)
+
+        num_rr = len(lr.rr_conflicts)
+        if num_rr == 1:
+            errorlog.warning('1 reduce/reduce conflict')
+        elif num_rr > 1:
+            errorlog.warning('%d reduce/reduce conflicts', num_rr)
+
+    # Write out conflicts to the output file
+    if debug and (lr.sr_conflicts or lr.rr_conflicts):
+        debuglog.warning('')
+        debuglog.warning('Conflicts:')
+        debuglog.warning('')
+
+        for state, tok, resolution in lr.sr_conflicts:
+            debuglog.warning('shift/reduce conflict for %s in state %d resolved as %s',  tok, state, resolution)
+
+        already_reported = set()
+        for state, rule, rejected in lr.rr_conflicts:
+            if (state, id(rule), id(rejected)) in already_reported:
+                continue
+            debuglog.warning('reduce/reduce conflict in state %d resolved using rule (%s)', state, rule)
+            debuglog.warning('rejected rule (%s) in state %d', rejected, state)
+            errorlog.warning('reduce/reduce conflict in state %d resolved using rule (%s)', state, rule)
+            errorlog.warning('rejected rule (%s) in state %d', rejected, state)
+            already_reported.add((state, id(rule), id(rejected)))
+
+        warned_never = []
+        for state, rule, rejected in lr.rr_conflicts:
+            if not rejected.reduced and (rejected not in warned_never):
+                debuglog.warning('Rule (%s) is never reduced', rejected)
+                errorlog.warning('Rule (%s) is never reduced', rejected)
+                warned_never.append(rejected)
+
+    # Write the table file if requested
+    if write_tables:
+        try:
+            lr.write_table(tabmodule, outputdir, signature)
+        except IOError as e:
+            errorlog.warning("Couldn't create %r. %s" % (tabmodule, e))
+
+    # Write a pickled version of the tables
+    if picklefile:
+        try:
+            lr.pickle_table(picklefile, signature)
+        except IOError as e:
+            errorlog.warning("Couldn't create %r. %s" % (picklefile, e))
+
+    # Build the parser
+    lr.bind_callables(pinfo.pdict)
+    parser = LRParser(lr, pinfo.error_func)
+
+    parse = parser.parse
+    return parser
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/ygen.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/ygen.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..acf5ca1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/ply/ygen.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# ply: ygen.py
+#
+# This is a support program that auto-generates different versions of the YACC parsing
+# function with different features removed for the purposes of performance.
+#
+# Users should edit the method LParser.parsedebug() in yacc.py.   The source code 
+# for that method is then used to create the other methods.   See the comments in
+# yacc.py for further details.
+
+import os.path
+import shutil
+
+def get_source_range(lines, tag):
+    srclines = enumerate(lines)
+    start_tag = '#--! %s-start' % tag
+    end_tag = '#--! %s-end' % tag
+
+    for start_index, line in srclines:
+        if line.strip().startswith(start_tag):
+            break
+
+    for end_index, line in srclines:
+        if line.strip().endswith(end_tag):
+            break
+
+    return (start_index + 1, end_index)
+
+def filter_section(lines, tag):
+    filtered_lines = []
+    include = True
+    tag_text = '#--! %s' % tag
+    for line in lines:
+        if line.strip().startswith(tag_text):
+            include = not include
+        elif include:
+            filtered_lines.append(line)
+    return filtered_lines
+
+def main():
+    dirname = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+    shutil.copy2(os.path.join(dirname, 'yacc.py'), os.path.join(dirname, 'yacc.py.bak'))
+    with open(os.path.join(dirname, 'yacc.py'), 'r') as f:
+        lines = f.readlines()
+
+    parse_start, parse_end = get_source_range(lines, 'parsedebug')
+    parseopt_start, parseopt_end = get_source_range(lines, 'parseopt')
+    parseopt_notrack_start, parseopt_notrack_end = get_source_range(lines, 'parseopt-notrack')
+
+    # Get the original source
+    orig_lines = lines[parse_start:parse_end]
+
+    # Filter the DEBUG sections out
+    parseopt_lines = filter_section(orig_lines, 'DEBUG')
+
+    # Filter the TRACKING sections out
+    parseopt_notrack_lines = filter_section(parseopt_lines, 'TRACKING')
+
+    # Replace the parser source sections with updated versions
+    lines[parseopt_notrack_start:parseopt_notrack_end] = parseopt_notrack_lines
+    lines[parseopt_start:parseopt_end] = parseopt_lines
+
+    lines = [line.rstrip()+'\n' for line in lines]
+    with open(os.path.join(dirname, 'yacc.py'), 'w') as f:
+        f.writelines(lines)
+
+    print('Updated yacc.py')
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/plyparser.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/plyparser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8f4c43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/plyparser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+# plyparser.py
+#
+# PLYParser class and other utilities for simplifying programming
+# parsers with PLY
+#
+# Eli Bendersky [https://eli.thegreenplace.net/]
+# License: BSD
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import warnings
+
+class Coord(object):
+    """ Coordinates of a syntactic element. Consists of:
+            - File name
+            - Line number
+            - (optional) column number, for the Lexer
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('file', 'line', 'column', '__weakref__')
+    def __init__(self, file, line, column=None):
+        self.file = file
+        self.line = line
+        self.column = column
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        str = "%s:%s" % (self.file, self.line)
+        if self.column: str += ":%s" % self.column
+        return str
+
+
+class ParseError(Exception): pass
+
+
+class PLYParser(object):
+    def _create_opt_rule(self, rulename):
+        """ Given a rule name, creates an optional ply.yacc rule
+            for it. The name of the optional rule is
+            <rulename>_opt
+        """
+        optname = rulename + '_opt'
+
+        def optrule(self, p):
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+        optrule.__doc__ = '%s : empty\n| %s' % (optname, rulename)
+        optrule.__name__ = 'p_%s' % optname
+        setattr(self.__class__, optrule.__name__, optrule)
+
+    def _coord(self, lineno, column=None):
+        return Coord(
+                file=self.clex.filename,
+                line=lineno,
+                column=column)
+
+    def _token_coord(self, p, token_idx):
+        """ Returns the coordinates for the YaccProduction object 'p' indexed
+            with 'token_idx'. The coordinate includes the 'lineno' and
+            'column'. Both follow the lex semantic, starting from 1.
+        """
+        last_cr = p.lexer.lexer.lexdata.rfind('\n', 0, p.lexpos(token_idx))
+        if last_cr < 0:
+            last_cr = -1
+        column = (p.lexpos(token_idx) - (last_cr))
+        return self._coord(p.lineno(token_idx), column)
+
+    def _parse_error(self, msg, coord):
+        raise ParseError("%s: %s" % (coord, msg))
+
+
+def parameterized(*params):
+    """ Decorator to create parameterized rules.
+
+    Parameterized rule methods must be named starting with 'p_' and contain
+    'xxx', and their docstrings may contain 'xxx' and 'yyy'. These will be
+    replaced by the given parameter tuples. For example, ``p_xxx_rule()`` with
+    docstring 'xxx_rule  : yyy' when decorated with
+    ``@parameterized(('id', 'ID'))`` produces ``p_id_rule()`` with the docstring
+    'id_rule  : ID'. Using multiple tuples produces multiple rules.
+    """
+    def decorate(rule_func):
+        rule_func._params = params
+        return rule_func
+    return decorate
+
+
+def template(cls):
+    """ Class decorator to generate rules from parameterized rule templates.
+
+    See `parameterized` for more information on parameterized rules.
+    """
+    issued_nodoc_warning = False
+    for attr_name in dir(cls):
+        if attr_name.startswith('p_'):
+            method = getattr(cls, attr_name)
+            if hasattr(method, '_params'):
+                # Remove the template method
+                delattr(cls, attr_name)
+                # Create parameterized rules from this method; only run this if
+                # the method has a docstring. This is to address an issue when
+                # pycparser's users are installed in -OO mode which strips
+                # docstrings away.
+                # See: https://github.com/eliben/pycparser/pull/198/ and
+                #      https://github.com/eliben/pycparser/issues/197
+                # for discussion.
+                if method.__doc__ is not None:
+                    _create_param_rules(cls, method)
+                elif not issued_nodoc_warning:
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        'parsing methods must have __doc__ for pycparser to work properly',
+                        RuntimeWarning,
+                        stacklevel=2)
+                    issued_nodoc_warning = True
+    return cls
+
+
+def _create_param_rules(cls, func):
+    """ Create ply.yacc rules based on a parameterized rule function
+
+    Generates new methods (one per each pair of parameters) based on the
+    template rule function `func`, and attaches them to `cls`. The rule
+    function's parameters must be accessible via its `_params` attribute.
+    """
+    for xxx, yyy in func._params:
+        # Use the template method's body for each new method
+        def param_rule(self, p):
+            func(self, p)
+
+        # Substitute in the params for the grammar rule and function name
+        param_rule.__doc__ = func.__doc__.replace('xxx', xxx).replace('yyy', yyy)
+        param_rule.__name__ = func.__name__.replace('xxx', xxx)
+
+        # Attach the new method to the class
+        setattr(cls, param_rule.__name__, param_rule)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/yacctab.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/yacctab.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0622c36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycparser/yacctab.py
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+
+# yacctab.py
+# This file is automatically generated. Do not edit.
+_tabversion = '3.10'
+
+_lr_method = 'LALR'
+
+_lr_signature = 'translation_unit_or_emptyleftLORleftLANDleftORleftXORleftANDleftEQNEleftGTGELTLEleftRSHIFTLSHIFTleftPLUSMINUSleftTIMESDIVIDEMODAUTO BREAK CASE CHAR CONST CONTINUE DEFAULT DO DOUBLE ELSE ENUM EXTERN FLOAT FOR GOTO IF INLINE INT LONG REGISTER OFFSETOF RESTRICT RETURN SHORT SIGNED SIZEOF STATIC STRUCT SWITCH TYPEDEF UNION UNSIGNED VOID VOLATILE WHILE __INT128 _BOOL _COMPLEX _NORETURN _THREAD_LOCAL _STATIC_ASSERT _ATOMIC _ALIGNOF _ALIGNAS ID TYPEID INT_CONST_DEC INT_CONST_OCT INT_CONST_HEX INT_CONST_BIN INT_CONST_CHAR FLOAT_CONST HEX_FLOAT_CONST CHAR_CONST WCHAR_CONST U8CHAR_CONST U16CHAR_CONST U32CHAR_CONST STRING_LITERAL WSTRING_LITERAL U8STRING_LITERAL U16STRING_LITERAL U32STRING_LITERAL PLUS MINUS TIMES DIVIDE MOD OR AND NOT XOR LSHIFT RSHIFT LOR LAND LNOT LT LE GT GE EQ NE EQUALS TIMESEQUAL DIVEQUAL MODEQUAL PLUSEQUAL MINUSEQUAL LSHIFTEQUAL RSHIFTEQUAL ANDEQUAL XOREQUAL OREQUAL PLUSPLUS MINUSMINUS ARROW CONDOP LPAREN RPAREN LBRACKET RBRACKET LBRACE RBRACE COMMA PERIOD SEMI COLON ELLIPSIS PPHASH PPPRAGMA PPPRAGMASTRabstract_declarator_opt : empty\n| abstract_declaratorassignment_expression_opt : empty\n| assignment_expressionblock_item_list_opt : empty\n| block_item_listdeclaration_list_opt : empty\n| declaration_listdeclaration_specifiers_no_type_opt : empty\n| declaration_specifiers_no_typedesignation_opt : empty\n| designationexpression_opt : empty\n| expressionid_init_declarator_list_opt : empty\n| id_init_declarator_listidentifier_list_opt : empty\n| identifier_listinit_declarator_list_opt : empty\n| init_declarator_listinitializer_list_opt : empty\n| initializer_listparameter_type_list_opt : empty\n| parameter_type_liststruct_declarator_list_opt : empty\n| struct_declarator_listtype_qualifier_list_opt : empty\n| type_qualifier_list direct_id_declarator   : ID\n         direct_id_declarator   : LPAREN id_declarator RPAREN\n         direct_id_declarator   : direct_id_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET\n         direct_id_declarator   : direct_id_declarator LBRACKET STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression RBRACKET\n                                    | direct_id_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression RBRACKET\n         direct_id_declarator   : direct_id_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt TIMES RBRACKET\n         direct_id_declarator   : direct_id_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list RPAREN\n                                    | direct_id_declarator LPAREN identifier_list_opt RPAREN\n         direct_typeid_declarator   : TYPEID\n         direct_typeid_declarator   : LPAREN typeid_declarator RPAREN\n         direct_typeid_declarator   : direct_typeid_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET\n         direct_typeid_declarator   : direct_typeid_declarator LBRACKET STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression RBRACKET\n                                    | direct_typeid_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression RBRACKET\n         direct_typeid_declarator   : direct_typeid_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt TIMES RBRACKET\n         direct_typeid_declarator   : direct_typeid_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list RPAREN\n                                    | direct_typeid_declarator LPAREN identifier_list_opt RPAREN\n         direct_typeid_noparen_declarator   : TYPEID\n         direct_typeid_noparen_declarator   : direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET\n         direct_typeid_noparen_declarator   : direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LBRACKET STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression RBRACKET\n                                    | direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression RBRACKET\n         direct_typeid_noparen_declarator   : direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt TIMES RBRACKET\n         direct_typeid_noparen_declarator   : direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list RPAREN\n                                    | direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LPAREN identifier_list_opt RPAREN\n         id_declarator  : direct_id_declarator\n         id_declarator  : pointer direct_id_declarator\n         typeid_declarator  : direct_typeid_declarator\n         typeid_declarator  : pointer direct_typeid_declarator\n         typeid_noparen_declarator  : direct_typeid_noparen_declarator\n         typeid_noparen_declarator  : pointer direct_typeid_noparen_declarator\n         translation_unit_or_empty   : translation_unit\n                                        | empty\n         translation_unit    : external_declaration\n         translation_unit    : translation_unit external_declaration\n         external_declaration    : function_definition\n         external_declaration    : declaration\n         external_declaration    : pp_directive\n                                    | pppragma_directive\n         external_declaration    : SEMI\n         external_declaration    : static_assert\n         static_assert           : _STATIC_ASSERT LPAREN constant_expression COMMA unified_string_literal RPAREN\n                                    | _STATIC_ASSERT LPAREN constant_expression RPAREN\n         pp_directive  : PPHASH\n         pppragma_directive      : PPPRAGMA\n                                    | PPPRAGMA PPPRAGMASTR\n         function_definition : id_declarator declaration_list_opt compound_statement\n         function_definition : declaration_specifiers id_declarator declaration_list_opt compound_statement\n         statement   : labeled_statement\n                        | expression_statement\n                        | compound_statement\n                        | selection_statement\n                        | iteration_statement\n                        | jump_statement\n                        | pppragma_directive\n                        | static_assert\n         pragmacomp_or_statement     : pppragma_directive statement\n                                        | statement\n         decl_body : declaration_specifiers init_declarator_list_opt\n                      | declaration_specifiers_no_type id_init_declarator_list_opt\n         declaration : decl_body SEMI\n         declaration_list    : declaration\n                                | declaration_list declaration\n         declaration_specifiers_no_type  : type_qualifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt\n         declaration_specifiers_no_type  : storage_class_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt\n         declaration_specifiers_no_type  : function_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt\n         declaration_specifiers_no_type  : atomic_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt\n         declaration_specifiers_no_type  : alignment_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt\n         declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers type_qualifier\n         declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers storage_class_specifier\n         declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers function_specifier\n         declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers type_specifier_no_typeid\n         declaration_specifiers  : type_specifier\n         declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers_no_type type_specifier\n         declaration_specifiers  : declaration_specifiers alignment_specifier\n         storage_class_specifier : AUTO\n                                    | REGISTER\n                                    | STATIC\n                                    | EXTERN\n                                    | TYPEDEF\n                                    | _THREAD_LOCAL\n         function_specifier  : INLINE\n                                | _NORETURN\n         type_specifier_no_typeid  : VOID\n                                      | _BOOL\n                                      | CHAR\n                                      | SHORT\n                                      | INT\n                                      | LONG\n                                      | FLOAT\n                                      | DOUBLE\n                                      | _COMPLEX\n                                      | SIGNED\n                                      | UNSIGNED\n                                      | __INT128\n         type_specifier  : typedef_name\n                            | enum_specifier\n                            | struct_or_union_specifier\n                            | type_specifier_no_typeid\n                            | atomic_specifier\n         atomic_specifier  : _ATOMIC LPAREN type_name RPAREN\n         type_qualifier  : CONST\n                            | RESTRICT\n                            | VOLATILE\n                            | _ATOMIC\n         init_declarator_list    : init_declarator\n                                    | init_declarator_list COMMA init_declarator\n         init_declarator : declarator\n                            | declarator EQUALS initializer\n         id_init_declarator_list    : id_init_declarator\n                                       | id_init_declarator_list COMMA init_declarator\n         id_init_declarator : id_declarator\n                               | id_declarator EQUALS initializer\n         specifier_qualifier_list    : specifier_qualifier_list type_specifier_no_typeid\n         specifier_qualifier_list    : specifier_qualifier_list type_qualifier\n         specifier_qualifier_list  : type_specifier\n         specifier_qualifier_list  : type_qualifier_list type_specifier\n         specifier_qualifier_list  : alignment_specifier\n         specifier_qualifier_list  : specifier_qualifier_list alignment_specifier\n         struct_or_union_specifier   : struct_or_union ID\n                                        | struct_or_union TYPEID\n         struct_or_union_specifier : struct_or_union brace_open struct_declaration_list brace_close\n                                      | struct_or_union brace_open brace_close\n         struct_or_union_specifier   : struct_or_union ID brace_open struct_declaration_list brace_close\n                                        | struct_or_union ID brace_open brace_close\n                                        | struct_or_union TYPEID brace_open struct_declaration_list brace_close\n                                        | struct_or_union TYPEID brace_open brace_close\n         struct_or_union : STRUCT\n                            | UNION\n         struct_declaration_list     : struct_declaration\n                                        | struct_declaration_list struct_declaration\n         struct_declaration : specifier_qualifier_list struct_declarator_list_opt SEMI\n         struct_declaration : SEMI\n         struct_declaration : pppragma_directive\n         struct_declarator_list  : struct_declarator\n                                    | struct_declarator_list COMMA struct_declarator\n         struct_declarator : declarator\n         struct_declarator   : declarator COLON constant_expression\n                                | COLON constant_expression\n         enum_specifier  : ENUM ID\n                            | ENUM TYPEID\n         enum_specifier  : ENUM brace_open enumerator_list brace_close\n         enum_specifier  : ENUM ID brace_open enumerator_list brace_close\n                            | ENUM TYPEID brace_open enumerator_list brace_close\n         enumerator_list : enumerator\n                            | enumerator_list COMMA\n                            | enumerator_list COMMA enumerator\n         alignment_specifier  : _ALIGNAS LPAREN type_name RPAREN\n                                 | _ALIGNAS LPAREN constant_expression RPAREN\n         enumerator  : ID\n                        | ID EQUALS constant_expression\n         declarator  : id_declarator\n                        | typeid_declarator\n         pointer : TIMES type_qualifier_list_opt\n                    | TIMES type_qualifier_list_opt pointer\n         type_qualifier_list : type_qualifier\n                                | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier\n         parameter_type_list : parameter_list\n                                | parameter_list COMMA ELLIPSIS\n         parameter_list  : parameter_declaration\n                            | parameter_list COMMA parameter_declaration\n         parameter_declaration   : declaration_specifiers id_declarator\n                                    | declaration_specifiers typeid_noparen_declarator\n         parameter_declaration   : declaration_specifiers abstract_declarator_opt\n         identifier_list : identifier\n                            | identifier_list COMMA identifier\n         initializer : assignment_expression\n         initializer : brace_open initializer_list_opt brace_close\n                        | brace_open initializer_list COMMA brace_close\n         initializer_list    : designation_opt initializer\n                                | initializer_list COMMA designation_opt initializer\n         designation : designator_list EQUALS\n         designator_list : designator\n                            | designator_list designator\n         designator  : LBRACKET constant_expression RBRACKET\n                        | PERIOD identifier\n         type_name   : specifier_qualifier_list abstract_declarator_opt\n         abstract_declarator     : pointer\n         abstract_declarator     : pointer direct_abstract_declarator\n         abstract_declarator     : direct_abstract_declarator\n         direct_abstract_declarator  : LPAREN abstract_declarator RPAREN  direct_abstract_declarator  : direct_abstract_declarator LBRACKET assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET\n         direct_abstract_declarator  : LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET\n         direct_abstract_declarator  : direct_abstract_declarator LBRACKET TIMES RBRACKET\n         direct_abstract_declarator  : LBRACKET TIMES RBRACKET\n         direct_abstract_declarator  : direct_abstract_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list_opt RPAREN\n         direct_abstract_declarator  : LPAREN parameter_type_list_opt RPAREN\n         block_item  : declaration\n                        | statement\n         block_item_list : block_item\n                            | block_item_list block_item\n         compound_statement : brace_open block_item_list_opt brace_close  labeled_statement : ID COLON pragmacomp_or_statement  labeled_statement : CASE constant_expression COLON pragmacomp_or_statement  labeled_statement : DEFAULT COLON pragmacomp_or_statement  selection_statement : IF LPAREN expression RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement  selection_statement : IF LPAREN expression RPAREN statement ELSE pragmacomp_or_statement  selection_statement : SWITCH LPAREN expression RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement  iteration_statement : WHILE LPAREN expression RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement  iteration_statement : DO pragmacomp_or_statement WHILE LPAREN expression RPAREN SEMI  iteration_statement : FOR LPAREN expression_opt SEMI expression_opt SEMI expression_opt RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement  iteration_statement : FOR LPAREN declaration expression_opt SEMI expression_opt RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement  jump_statement  : GOTO ID SEMI  jump_statement  : BREAK SEMI  jump_statement  : CONTINUE SEMI  jump_statement  : RETURN expression SEMI\n                            | RETURN SEMI\n         expression_statement : expression_opt SEMI  expression  : assignment_expression\n                        | expression COMMA assignment_expression\n         assignment_expression : LPAREN compound_statement RPAREN  typedef_name : TYPEID  assignment_expression   : conditional_expression\n                                    | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression\n         assignment_operator : EQUALS\n                                | XOREQUAL\n                                | TIMESEQUAL\n                                | DIVEQUAL\n                                | MODEQUAL\n                                | PLUSEQUAL\n                                | MINUSEQUAL\n                                | LSHIFTEQUAL\n                                | RSHIFTEQUAL\n                                | ANDEQUAL\n                                | OREQUAL\n         constant_expression : conditional_expression  conditional_expression  : binary_expression\n                                    | binary_expression CONDOP expression COLON conditional_expression\n         binary_expression   : cast_expression\n                                | binary_expression TIMES binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression DIVIDE binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression MOD binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression PLUS binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression MINUS binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression RSHIFT binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression LSHIFT binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression LT binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression LE binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression GE binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression GT binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression EQ binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression NE binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression AND binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression OR binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression XOR binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression LAND binary_expression\n                                | binary_expression LOR binary_expression\n         cast_expression : unary_expression  cast_expression : LPAREN type_name RPAREN cast_expression  unary_expression    : postfix_expression  unary_expression    : PLUSPLUS unary_expression\n                                | MINUSMINUS unary_expression\n                                | unary_operator cast_expression\n         unary_expression    : SIZEOF unary_expression\n                                | SIZEOF LPAREN type_name RPAREN\n                                | _ALIGNOF LPAREN type_name RPAREN\n         unary_operator  : AND\n                            | TIMES\n                            | PLUS\n                            | MINUS\n                            | NOT\n                            | LNOT\n         postfix_expression  : primary_expression  postfix_expression  : postfix_expression LBRACKET expression RBRACKET  postfix_expression  : postfix_expression LPAREN argument_expression_list RPAREN\n                                | postfix_expression LPAREN RPAREN\n         postfix_expression  : postfix_expression PERIOD ID\n                                | postfix_expression PERIOD TYPEID\n                                | postfix_expression ARROW ID\n                                | postfix_expression ARROW TYPEID\n         postfix_expression  : postfix_expression PLUSPLUS\n                                | postfix_expression MINUSMINUS\n         postfix_expression  : LPAREN type_name RPAREN brace_open initializer_list brace_close\n                                | LPAREN type_name RPAREN brace_open initializer_list COMMA brace_close\n         primary_expression  : identifier  primary_expression  : constant  primary_expression  : unified_string_literal\n                                | unified_wstring_literal\n         primary_expression  : LPAREN expression RPAREN  primary_expression  : OFFSETOF LPAREN type_name COMMA offsetof_member_designator RPAREN\n         offsetof_member_designator : identifier\n                                         | offsetof_member_designator PERIOD identifier\n                                         | offsetof_member_designator LBRACKET expression RBRACKET\n         argument_expression_list    : assignment_expression\n                                        | argument_expression_list COMMA assignment_expression\n         identifier  : ID  constant    : INT_CONST_DEC\n                        | INT_CONST_OCT\n                        | INT_CONST_HEX\n                        | INT_CONST_BIN\n                        | INT_CONST_CHAR\n         constant    : FLOAT_CONST\n                        | HEX_FLOAT_CONST\n         constant    : CHAR_CONST\n                        | WCHAR_CONST\n                        | U8CHAR_CONST\n                        | U16CHAR_CONST\n                        | U32CHAR_CONST\n         unified_string_literal  : STRING_LITERAL\n                                    | unified_string_literal STRING_LITERAL\n         unified_wstring_literal : WSTRING_LITERAL\n                                    | U8STRING_LITERAL\n                                    | U16STRING_LITERAL\n                                    | U32STRING_LITERAL\n                                    | unified_wstring_literal WSTRING_LITERAL\n                                    | unified_wstring_literal U8STRING_LITERAL\n                                    | unified_wstring_literal U16STRING_LITERAL\n                                    | unified_wstring_literal U32STRING_LITERAL\n         brace_open  :   LBRACE\n         brace_close :   RBRACE\n        empty : '
+    
+_lr_action_items = 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+
+_lr_action = {}
+for _k, _v in _lr_action_items.items():
+   for _x,_y in zip(_v[0],_v[1]):
+      if not _x in _lr_action:  _lr_action[_x] = {}
+      _lr_action[_x][_k] = _y
+del _lr_action_items
+
+_lr_goto_items = {'expression_statement':([181,298,307,429,437,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[284,284,284,284,284,284,284,284,284,284,284,284,284,]),'struct_or_union_specifier':([0,21,40,59,75,85,91,93,95,99,118,129,172,174,181,184,185,186,214,229,231,233,239,267,278,298,313,315,342,350,422,427,460,],[5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,]),'init_declarator_list':([4,89,],[70,70,]),'init_declarator_list_opt':([4,89,],[79,79,]),'iteration_statement':([181,298,307,429,437,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[285,285,285,285,285,285,285,285,285,285,285,285,285,]),'static_assert':([0,59,181,298,307,429,437,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[17,17,286,286,286,286,286,286,286,286,286,286,286,286,286,]),'unified_string_literal':([85,116,131,146,149,171,174,175,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,333,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,413,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,477,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,452,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,136,]),'assignment_expression_opt':([204,218,419,421,513,],[334,351,491,493,540,]),'brace_open':([31,32,92,96,98,100,101,130,131,181,201,229,298,307,375,413,429,437,440,477,478,479,502,521,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[99,102,181,184,185,193,194,181,227,181,227,181,181,181,227,488,181,181,181,488,488,488,181,227,181,181,181,181,181,181,]),'enumerator':([102,193,194,327,],[195,195,195,450,]),'typeid_noparen_declarator':([211,],[348,]),'type_qualifier_list_opt':([35,117,128,206,220,282,459,515,],[104,204,218,339,354,419,513,543,]),'declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt':([1,27,52,53,55,63,87,],[66,94,120,121,122,94,94,]),'expression_opt':([181,298,307,427,429,437,440,499,502,533,535,537,539,553,566,569,574,577,],[288,288,288,498,288,288,288,534,288,552,288,288,288,567,573,288,288,288,]),'designation':([227,472,488,550,],[369,369,369,369,]),'parameter_list':([118,129,278,342,422,460,],[213,213,213,213,213,213,]),'alignment_specifier':([0,1,4,21,27,52,53,55,59,63,75,85,87,89,93,95,99,118,129,174,177,181,184,185,186,192,211,229,231,233,239,267,278,298,313,315,342,350,422,427,460,],[53,53,81,53,53,53,53,53,53,53,53,142,53,81,53,142,142,53,53,142,280,53,142,142,142,280,81,142,142,142,142,142,53,53,142,142,53,53,53,53,53,]),'labeled_statement':([181,298,307,429,437,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[289,289,289,289,289,289,289,289,289,289,289,289,289,]),'abstract_declarator':([177,211,278,342,],[281,281,418,418,]),'translation_unit':([0,],[59,]),'init_declarator':([4,89,126,202,],[84,84,217,331,]),'direct_abstract_declarator':([177,211,276,278,342,344,457,],[283,283,414,283,283,414,414,]),'designator_list':([227,472,488,550,],[376,376,376,376,]),'identifier':([85,116,118,129,131,146,149,171,174,175,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,349,353,354,364,372,373,375,412,413,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,460,477,481,484,485,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,548,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[143,143,215,215,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,461,143,143,143,470,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,215,143,143,143,527,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,143,563,143,143,143,143,143,143,]),'offsetof_member_designator':([485,],[526,]),'unary_expression':([85,116,131,146,149,171,174,175,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,413,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,477,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[144,144,224,232,234,144,224,273,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,144,224,144,144,224,224,224,144,224,224,144,144,224,224,224,224,224,144,224,224,144,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,144,144,144,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,224,]),'abstract_declarator_opt':([177,211,],[274,343,]),'initializer':([131,201,375,521,],[226,330,473,546,]),'direct_id_declarator':([0,4,15,37,40,59,69,72,89,91,126,192,202,211,342,344,445,457,],[48,48,86,48,48,48,48,86,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,86,48,86,]),'struct_declaration_list':([99,184,185,],[186,313,315,]),'pp_directive':([0,59,],[14,14,]),'declaration_list':([21,75,],[93,93,]),'id_init_declarator':([40,91,],[108,108,]),'type_specifier':([0,21,40,59,75,85,91,93,95,99,118,129,172,174,181,184,185,186,214,229,231,233,239,267,278,298,313,315,342,350,422,427,460,],[18,18,109,18,18,147,109,18,147,147,18,18,269,147,18,147,147,147,109,147,147,147,147,147,18,18,147,147,18,18,18,18,18,]),'compound_statement':([92,130,181,229,298,307,429,437,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[180,223,291,378,291,291,291,291,291,291,291,291,291,291,291,291,]),'pointer':([0,4,37,40,59,69,89,91,104,126,177,192,202,211,278,342,445,],[15,72,15,15,15,72,72,15,199,72,276,72,72,344,276,457,72,]),'typeid_declarator':([4,69,89,126,192,202,445,],[74,125,74,74,74,74,74,]),'id_init_declarator_list':([40,91,],[113,113,]),'declarator':([4,89,126,192,202,445,],[78,78,78,324,78,324,]),'argument_expression_list':([266,],[409,]),'struct_declarator_list_opt':([192,],[322,]),'block_item_list':([181,],[298,]),'parameter_type_list_opt':([278,342,422,],[417,417,495,]),'struct_declarator':([192,445,],[323,508,]),'type_qualifier':([0,1,4,21,27,35,52,53,55,59,63,75,85,87,89,93,95,99,103,117,118,128,129,172,174,177,181,184,185,186,192,205,206,211,219,220,229,231,233,239,267,278,282,298,313,315,342,350,422,427,459,460,514,515,],[52,52,80,52,52,105,52,52,52,52,52,52,105,52,80,52,105,105,198,105,52,105,52,198,105,279,52,105,105,105,279,198,105,80,198,105,105,105,105,105,105,52,105,52,105,105,52,52,52,52,105,52,198,105,]),'assignment_operator':([224,],[364,]),'expression':([174,181,229,231,233,258,265,290,298,307,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,499,502,533,535,537,538,539,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[270,294,270,270,270,399,406,426,294,294,294,294,501,503,294,294,507,294,294,294,294,294,556,294,564,294,294,294,294,294,]),'storage_class_specifier':([0,1,4,21,27,52,53,55,59,63,75,87,89,93,118,129,181,211,278,298,342,350,422,427,460,],[1,1,68,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,68,1,1,1,1,68,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,]),'unified_wstring_literal':([85,116,131,146,149,171,174,175,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,413,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,477,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,153,]),'translation_unit_or_empty':([0,],[9,]),'initializer_list_opt':([227,],[370,]),'brace_close':([99,184,185,186,196,309,313,315,325,326,370,472,528,550,],[187,314,316,317,328,439,442,443,448,449,469,523,551,565,]),'direct_typeid_declarator':([4,69,72,89,126,192,202,445,],[73,73,127,73,73,73,73,73,]),'external_declaration':([0,59,],[16,123,]),'pragmacomp_or_statement':([307,429,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[436,500,506,536,554,555,557,576,578,579,]),'type_name':([85,95,174,229,231,233,239,267,],[157,183,271,379,380,381,382,410,]),'typedef_name':([0,21,40,59,75,85,91,93,95,99,118,129,172,174,181,184,185,186,214,229,231,233,239,267,278,298,313,315,342,350,422,427,460,],[36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,36,]),'pppragma_directive':([0,59,99,181,184,185,186,298,307,313,315,429,437,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[25,25,189,300,189,189,189,300,437,189,189,437,300,437,437,437,437,437,437,437,437,]),'statement':([181,298,307,429,437,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[301,301,438,438,505,438,438,438,438,558,438,438,438,]),'cast_expression':([85,116,131,171,174,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,413,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,477,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[158,158,158,268,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,487,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,487,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,158,]),'atomic_specifier':([0,1,21,27,40,52,53,55,59,63,75,85,87,91,93,95,99,118,129,172,174,181,184,185,186,214,229,231,233,239,267,278,298,313,315,342,350,422,427,460,],[27,63,87,63,111,63,63,63,27,63,87,111,63,111,87,111,111,27,27,111,111,87,111,111,111,111,111,111,111,111,111,27,87,111,111,27,27,27,87,27,]),'struct_declarator_list':([192,],[320,]),'empty':([0,1,4,21,27,35,40,52,53,55,63,75,87,89,91,117,118,128,129,177,181,192,204,206,211,218,220,227,278,282,298,307,342,419,421,422,427,429,437,440,459,460,472,488,499,502,513,515,533,535,537,539,550,553,566,569,574,577,],[57,64,83,88,64,106,115,64,64,64,64,88,64,83,115,106,208,106,208,277,306,321,337,106,277,337,106,377,415,106,433,433,415,337,337,415,433,433,433,433,106,208,522,522,433,433,337,106,433,433,433,433,522,433,433,433,433,433,]),'parameter_declaration':([118,129,278,342,350,422,460,],[210,210,210,210,463,210,210,]),'primary_expression':([85,116,131,146,149,171,174,175,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,413,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,477,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,161,]),'declaration':([0,21,59,75,93,181,298,427,],[38,90,38,90,182,302,302,499,]),'declaration_specifiers_no_type':([0,1,21,27,52,53,55,59,63,75,87,93,118,129,181,278,298,342,350,422,427,460,],[40,67,91,67,67,67,67,40,67,91,67,91,214,214,91,214,91,214,214,214,91,214,]),'jump_statement':([181,298,307,429,437,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[303,303,303,303,303,303,303,303,303,303,303,303,303,]),'enumerator_list':([102,193,194,],[196,325,326,]),'block_item':([181,298,],[305,432,]),'constant_expression':([85,116,297,319,329,373,447,],[159,203,431,444,451,471,509,]),'identifier_list_opt':([118,129,460,],[207,221,516,]),'constant':([85,116,131,146,149,171,174,175,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,413,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,477,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,156,]),'type_specifier_no_typeid':([0,4,21,40,59,75,85,89,91,93,95,99,118,129,172,174,177,181,184,185,186,192,211,214,229,231,233,239,267,278,298,313,315,342,350,422,427,460,],[12,71,12,12,12,12,12,71,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,275,12,12,12,12,275,71,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,]),'struct_declaration':([99,184,185,186,313,315,],[190,190,190,318,318,318,]),'direct_typeid_noparen_declarator':([211,344,],[345,458,]),'id_declarator':([0,4,37,40,59,69,89,91,126,192,202,211,342,445,],[21,75,107,110,21,107,179,110,179,179,179,346,107,179,]),'selection_statement':([181,298,307,429,437,440,502,535,537,539,569,574,577,],[308,308,308,308,308,308,308,308,308,308,308,308,308,]),'postfix_expression':([85,116,131,146,149,171,174,175,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,413,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,477,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,168,]),'initializer_list':([227,488,],[374,528,]),'unary_operator':([85,116,131,146,149,171,174,175,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,413,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,477,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,171,]),'struct_or_union':([0,21,40,59,75,85,91,93,95,99,118,129,172,174,181,184,185,186,214,229,231,233,239,267,278,298,313,315,342,350,422,427,460,],[31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,31,]),'block_item_list_opt':([181,],[309,]),'assignment_expression':([131,174,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,258,265,266,290,298,307,338,339,353,354,364,375,412,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[228,272,272,228,335,335,272,272,272,272,272,408,272,272,272,455,456,466,467,468,228,486,335,335,272,272,272,272,272,272,272,525,272,272,335,228,272,272,272,272,272,561,562,272,272,272,272,272,272,]),'designation_opt':([227,472,488,550,],[375,521,375,521,]),'parameter_type_list':([118,129,278,342,422,460,],[209,222,416,416,416,517,]),'type_qualifier_list':([35,85,95,99,117,128,174,184,185,186,206,220,229,231,233,239,267,282,313,315,459,515,],[103,172,172,172,205,219,172,172,172,172,103,103,172,172,172,172,172,103,172,172,514,103,]),'designator':([227,376,472,488,550,],[371,474,371,371,371,]),'id_init_declarator_list_opt':([40,91,],[114,114,]),'declaration_specifiers':([0,21,59,75,93,118,129,181,278,298,342,350,422,427,460,],[4,89,4,89,89,211,211,89,211,89,211,211,211,89,211,]),'identifier_list':([118,129,460,],[212,212,212,]),'declaration_list_opt':([21,75,],[92,130,]),'function_definition':([0,59,],[45,45,]),'binary_expression':([85,116,131,174,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,383,384,385,386,387,388,389,390,391,392,393,394,395,396,397,398,162,400,401,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,162,]),'enum_specifier':([0,21,40,59,75,85,91,93,95,99,118,129,172,174,181,184,185,186,214,229,231,233,239,267,278,298,313,315,342,350,422,427,460,],[49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,49,]),'decl_body':([0,21,59,75,93,181,298,427,],[51,51,51,51,51,51,51,51,]),'function_specifier':([0,1,4,21,27,52,53,55,59,63,75,87,89,93,118,129,181,211,278,298,342,350,422,427,460,],[55,55,82,55,55,55,55,55,55,55,55,55,82,55,55,55,55,82,55,55,55,55,55,55,55,]),'specifier_qualifier_list':([85,95,99,174,184,185,186,229,231,233,239,267,313,315,],[177,177,192,177,192,192,192,177,177,177,177,177,192,192,]),'conditional_expression':([85,116,131,174,181,201,204,218,229,231,233,258,265,266,290,297,298,307,319,329,338,339,353,354,364,373,375,412,419,421,427,429,430,434,437,440,441,447,481,484,499,502,513,521,533,535,537,538,539,542,543,549,553,566,569,574,577,],[178,178,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,178,225,225,178,178,225,225,225,225,225,178,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,178,524,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,225,]),}
+
+_lr_goto = {}
+for _k, _v in _lr_goto_items.items():
+   for _x, _y in zip(_v[0], _v[1]):
+       if not _x in _lr_goto: _lr_goto[_x] = {}
+       _lr_goto[_x][_k] = _y
+del _lr_goto_items
+_lr_productions = [
+  ("S' -> translation_unit_or_empty","S'",1,None,None,None),
+  ('abstract_declarator_opt -> empty','abstract_declarator_opt',1,'p_abstract_declarator_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('abstract_declarator_opt -> abstract_declarator','abstract_declarator_opt',1,'p_abstract_declarator_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('assignment_expression_opt -> empty','assignment_expression_opt',1,'p_assignment_expression_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('assignment_expression_opt -> assignment_expression','assignment_expression_opt',1,'p_assignment_expression_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('block_item_list_opt -> empty','block_item_list_opt',1,'p_block_item_list_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('block_item_list_opt -> block_item_list','block_item_list_opt',1,'p_block_item_list_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('declaration_list_opt -> empty','declaration_list_opt',1,'p_declaration_list_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('declaration_list_opt -> declaration_list','declaration_list_opt',1,'p_declaration_list_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt -> empty','declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt',1,'p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt -> declaration_specifiers_no_type','declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt',1,'p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('designation_opt -> empty','designation_opt',1,'p_designation_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('designation_opt -> designation','designation_opt',1,'p_designation_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('expression_opt -> empty','expression_opt',1,'p_expression_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('expression_opt -> expression','expression_opt',1,'p_expression_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('id_init_declarator_list_opt -> empty','id_init_declarator_list_opt',1,'p_id_init_declarator_list_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('id_init_declarator_list_opt -> id_init_declarator_list','id_init_declarator_list_opt',1,'p_id_init_declarator_list_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('identifier_list_opt -> empty','identifier_list_opt',1,'p_identifier_list_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('identifier_list_opt -> identifier_list','identifier_list_opt',1,'p_identifier_list_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('init_declarator_list_opt -> empty','init_declarator_list_opt',1,'p_init_declarator_list_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('init_declarator_list_opt -> init_declarator_list','init_declarator_list_opt',1,'p_init_declarator_list_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('initializer_list_opt -> empty','initializer_list_opt',1,'p_initializer_list_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('initializer_list_opt -> initializer_list','initializer_list_opt',1,'p_initializer_list_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('parameter_type_list_opt -> empty','parameter_type_list_opt',1,'p_parameter_type_list_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('parameter_type_list_opt -> parameter_type_list','parameter_type_list_opt',1,'p_parameter_type_list_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('struct_declarator_list_opt -> empty','struct_declarator_list_opt',1,'p_struct_declarator_list_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('struct_declarator_list_opt -> struct_declarator_list','struct_declarator_list_opt',1,'p_struct_declarator_list_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('type_qualifier_list_opt -> empty','type_qualifier_list_opt',1,'p_type_qualifier_list_opt','plyparser.py',43),
+  ('type_qualifier_list_opt -> type_qualifier_list','type_qualifier_list_opt',1,'p_type_qualifier_list_opt','plyparser.py',44),
+  ('direct_id_declarator -> ID','direct_id_declarator',1,'p_direct_id_declarator_1','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_id_declarator -> LPAREN id_declarator RPAREN','direct_id_declarator',3,'p_direct_id_declarator_2','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_id_declarator -> direct_id_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET','direct_id_declarator',5,'p_direct_id_declarator_3','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_id_declarator -> direct_id_declarator LBRACKET STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression RBRACKET','direct_id_declarator',6,'p_direct_id_declarator_4','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_id_declarator -> direct_id_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression RBRACKET','direct_id_declarator',6,'p_direct_id_declarator_4','plyparser.py',127),
+  ('direct_id_declarator -> direct_id_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt TIMES RBRACKET','direct_id_declarator',5,'p_direct_id_declarator_5','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_id_declarator -> direct_id_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list RPAREN','direct_id_declarator',4,'p_direct_id_declarator_6','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_id_declarator -> direct_id_declarator LPAREN identifier_list_opt RPAREN','direct_id_declarator',4,'p_direct_id_declarator_6','plyparser.py',127),
+  ('direct_typeid_declarator -> TYPEID','direct_typeid_declarator',1,'p_direct_typeid_declarator_1','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_declarator -> LPAREN typeid_declarator RPAREN','direct_typeid_declarator',3,'p_direct_typeid_declarator_2','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_declarator -> direct_typeid_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET','direct_typeid_declarator',5,'p_direct_typeid_declarator_3','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_declarator -> direct_typeid_declarator LBRACKET STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression RBRACKET','direct_typeid_declarator',6,'p_direct_typeid_declarator_4','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_declarator -> direct_typeid_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression RBRACKET','direct_typeid_declarator',6,'p_direct_typeid_declarator_4','plyparser.py',127),
+  ('direct_typeid_declarator -> direct_typeid_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt TIMES RBRACKET','direct_typeid_declarator',5,'p_direct_typeid_declarator_5','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_declarator -> direct_typeid_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list RPAREN','direct_typeid_declarator',4,'p_direct_typeid_declarator_6','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_declarator -> direct_typeid_declarator LPAREN identifier_list_opt RPAREN','direct_typeid_declarator',4,'p_direct_typeid_declarator_6','plyparser.py',127),
+  ('direct_typeid_noparen_declarator -> TYPEID','direct_typeid_noparen_declarator',1,'p_direct_typeid_noparen_declarator_1','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_noparen_declarator -> direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET','direct_typeid_noparen_declarator',5,'p_direct_typeid_noparen_declarator_3','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_noparen_declarator -> direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LBRACKET STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression RBRACKET','direct_typeid_noparen_declarator',6,'p_direct_typeid_noparen_declarator_4','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_noparen_declarator -> direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression RBRACKET','direct_typeid_noparen_declarator',6,'p_direct_typeid_noparen_declarator_4','plyparser.py',127),
+  ('direct_typeid_noparen_declarator -> direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt TIMES RBRACKET','direct_typeid_noparen_declarator',5,'p_direct_typeid_noparen_declarator_5','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_noparen_declarator -> direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list RPAREN','direct_typeid_noparen_declarator',4,'p_direct_typeid_noparen_declarator_6','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('direct_typeid_noparen_declarator -> direct_typeid_noparen_declarator LPAREN identifier_list_opt RPAREN','direct_typeid_noparen_declarator',4,'p_direct_typeid_noparen_declarator_6','plyparser.py',127),
+  ('id_declarator -> direct_id_declarator','id_declarator',1,'p_id_declarator_1','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('id_declarator -> pointer direct_id_declarator','id_declarator',2,'p_id_declarator_2','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('typeid_declarator -> direct_typeid_declarator','typeid_declarator',1,'p_typeid_declarator_1','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('typeid_declarator -> pointer direct_typeid_declarator','typeid_declarator',2,'p_typeid_declarator_2','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('typeid_noparen_declarator -> direct_typeid_noparen_declarator','typeid_noparen_declarator',1,'p_typeid_noparen_declarator_1','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('typeid_noparen_declarator -> pointer direct_typeid_noparen_declarator','typeid_noparen_declarator',2,'p_typeid_noparen_declarator_2','plyparser.py',126),
+  ('translation_unit_or_empty -> translation_unit','translation_unit_or_empty',1,'p_translation_unit_or_empty','c_parser.py',509),
+  ('translation_unit_or_empty -> empty','translation_unit_or_empty',1,'p_translation_unit_or_empty','c_parser.py',510),
+  ('translation_unit -> external_declaration','translation_unit',1,'p_translation_unit_1','c_parser.py',518),
+  ('translation_unit -> translation_unit external_declaration','translation_unit',2,'p_translation_unit_2','c_parser.py',524),
+  ('external_declaration -> function_definition','external_declaration',1,'p_external_declaration_1','c_parser.py',534),
+  ('external_declaration -> declaration','external_declaration',1,'p_external_declaration_2','c_parser.py',539),
+  ('external_declaration -> pp_directive','external_declaration',1,'p_external_declaration_3','c_parser.py',544),
+  ('external_declaration -> pppragma_directive','external_declaration',1,'p_external_declaration_3','c_parser.py',545),
+  ('external_declaration -> SEMI','external_declaration',1,'p_external_declaration_4','c_parser.py',550),
+  ('external_declaration -> static_assert','external_declaration',1,'p_external_declaration_5','c_parser.py',555),
+  ('static_assert -> _STATIC_ASSERT LPAREN constant_expression COMMA unified_string_literal RPAREN','static_assert',6,'p_static_assert_declaration','c_parser.py',560),
+  ('static_assert -> _STATIC_ASSERT LPAREN constant_expression RPAREN','static_assert',4,'p_static_assert_declaration','c_parser.py',561),
+  ('pp_directive -> PPHASH','pp_directive',1,'p_pp_directive','c_parser.py',569),
+  ('pppragma_directive -> PPPRAGMA','pppragma_directive',1,'p_pppragma_directive','c_parser.py',575),
+  ('pppragma_directive -> PPPRAGMA PPPRAGMASTR','pppragma_directive',2,'p_pppragma_directive','c_parser.py',576),
+  ('function_definition -> id_declarator declaration_list_opt compound_statement','function_definition',3,'p_function_definition_1','c_parser.py',586),
+  ('function_definition -> declaration_specifiers id_declarator declaration_list_opt compound_statement','function_definition',4,'p_function_definition_2','c_parser.py',604),
+  ('statement -> labeled_statement','statement',1,'p_statement','c_parser.py',619),
+  ('statement -> expression_statement','statement',1,'p_statement','c_parser.py',620),
+  ('statement -> compound_statement','statement',1,'p_statement','c_parser.py',621),
+  ('statement -> selection_statement','statement',1,'p_statement','c_parser.py',622),
+  ('statement -> iteration_statement','statement',1,'p_statement','c_parser.py',623),
+  ('statement -> jump_statement','statement',1,'p_statement','c_parser.py',624),
+  ('statement -> pppragma_directive','statement',1,'p_statement','c_parser.py',625),
+  ('statement -> static_assert','statement',1,'p_statement','c_parser.py',626),
+  ('pragmacomp_or_statement -> pppragma_directive statement','pragmacomp_or_statement',2,'p_pragmacomp_or_statement','c_parser.py',674),
+  ('pragmacomp_or_statement -> statement','pragmacomp_or_statement',1,'p_pragmacomp_or_statement','c_parser.py',675),
+  ('decl_body -> declaration_specifiers init_declarator_list_opt','decl_body',2,'p_decl_body','c_parser.py',694),
+  ('decl_body -> declaration_specifiers_no_type id_init_declarator_list_opt','decl_body',2,'p_decl_body','c_parser.py',695),
+  ('declaration -> decl_body SEMI','declaration',2,'p_declaration','c_parser.py',755),
+  ('declaration_list -> declaration','declaration_list',1,'p_declaration_list','c_parser.py',764),
+  ('declaration_list -> declaration_list declaration','declaration_list',2,'p_declaration_list','c_parser.py',765),
+  ('declaration_specifiers_no_type -> type_qualifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt','declaration_specifiers_no_type',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_1','c_parser.py',775),
+  ('declaration_specifiers_no_type -> storage_class_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt','declaration_specifiers_no_type',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_2','c_parser.py',780),
+  ('declaration_specifiers_no_type -> function_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt','declaration_specifiers_no_type',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_3','c_parser.py',785),
+  ('declaration_specifiers_no_type -> atomic_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt','declaration_specifiers_no_type',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_4','c_parser.py',792),
+  ('declaration_specifiers_no_type -> alignment_specifier declaration_specifiers_no_type_opt','declaration_specifiers_no_type',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_no_type_5','c_parser.py',797),
+  ('declaration_specifiers -> declaration_specifiers type_qualifier','declaration_specifiers',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_1','c_parser.py',802),
+  ('declaration_specifiers -> declaration_specifiers storage_class_specifier','declaration_specifiers',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_2','c_parser.py',807),
+  ('declaration_specifiers -> declaration_specifiers function_specifier','declaration_specifiers',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_3','c_parser.py',812),
+  ('declaration_specifiers -> declaration_specifiers type_specifier_no_typeid','declaration_specifiers',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_4','c_parser.py',817),
+  ('declaration_specifiers -> type_specifier','declaration_specifiers',1,'p_declaration_specifiers_5','c_parser.py',822),
+  ('declaration_specifiers -> declaration_specifiers_no_type type_specifier','declaration_specifiers',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_6','c_parser.py',827),
+  ('declaration_specifiers -> declaration_specifiers alignment_specifier','declaration_specifiers',2,'p_declaration_specifiers_7','c_parser.py',832),
+  ('storage_class_specifier -> AUTO','storage_class_specifier',1,'p_storage_class_specifier','c_parser.py',837),
+  ('storage_class_specifier -> REGISTER','storage_class_specifier',1,'p_storage_class_specifier','c_parser.py',838),
+  ('storage_class_specifier -> STATIC','storage_class_specifier',1,'p_storage_class_specifier','c_parser.py',839),
+  ('storage_class_specifier -> EXTERN','storage_class_specifier',1,'p_storage_class_specifier','c_parser.py',840),
+  ('storage_class_specifier -> TYPEDEF','storage_class_specifier',1,'p_storage_class_specifier','c_parser.py',841),
+  ('storage_class_specifier -> _THREAD_LOCAL','storage_class_specifier',1,'p_storage_class_specifier','c_parser.py',842),
+  ('function_specifier -> INLINE','function_specifier',1,'p_function_specifier','c_parser.py',847),
+  ('function_specifier -> _NORETURN','function_specifier',1,'p_function_specifier','c_parser.py',848),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> VOID','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',853),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> _BOOL','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',854),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> CHAR','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',855),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> SHORT','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',856),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> INT','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',857),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> LONG','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',858),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> FLOAT','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',859),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> DOUBLE','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',860),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> _COMPLEX','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',861),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> SIGNED','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',862),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> UNSIGNED','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',863),
+  ('type_specifier_no_typeid -> __INT128','type_specifier_no_typeid',1,'p_type_specifier_no_typeid','c_parser.py',864),
+  ('type_specifier -> typedef_name','type_specifier',1,'p_type_specifier','c_parser.py',869),
+  ('type_specifier -> enum_specifier','type_specifier',1,'p_type_specifier','c_parser.py',870),
+  ('type_specifier -> struct_or_union_specifier','type_specifier',1,'p_type_specifier','c_parser.py',871),
+  ('type_specifier -> type_specifier_no_typeid','type_specifier',1,'p_type_specifier','c_parser.py',872),
+  ('type_specifier -> atomic_specifier','type_specifier',1,'p_type_specifier','c_parser.py',873),
+  ('atomic_specifier -> _ATOMIC LPAREN type_name RPAREN','atomic_specifier',4,'p_atomic_specifier','c_parser.py',879),
+  ('type_qualifier -> CONST','type_qualifier',1,'p_type_qualifier','c_parser.py',886),
+  ('type_qualifier -> RESTRICT','type_qualifier',1,'p_type_qualifier','c_parser.py',887),
+  ('type_qualifier -> VOLATILE','type_qualifier',1,'p_type_qualifier','c_parser.py',888),
+  ('type_qualifier -> _ATOMIC','type_qualifier',1,'p_type_qualifier','c_parser.py',889),
+  ('init_declarator_list -> init_declarator','init_declarator_list',1,'p_init_declarator_list','c_parser.py',894),
+  ('init_declarator_list -> init_declarator_list COMMA init_declarator','init_declarator_list',3,'p_init_declarator_list','c_parser.py',895),
+  ('init_declarator -> declarator','init_declarator',1,'p_init_declarator','c_parser.py',903),
+  ('init_declarator -> declarator EQUALS initializer','init_declarator',3,'p_init_declarator','c_parser.py',904),
+  ('id_init_declarator_list -> id_init_declarator','id_init_declarator_list',1,'p_id_init_declarator_list','c_parser.py',909),
+  ('id_init_declarator_list -> id_init_declarator_list COMMA init_declarator','id_init_declarator_list',3,'p_id_init_declarator_list','c_parser.py',910),
+  ('id_init_declarator -> id_declarator','id_init_declarator',1,'p_id_init_declarator','c_parser.py',915),
+  ('id_init_declarator -> id_declarator EQUALS initializer','id_init_declarator',3,'p_id_init_declarator','c_parser.py',916),
+  ('specifier_qualifier_list -> specifier_qualifier_list type_specifier_no_typeid','specifier_qualifier_list',2,'p_specifier_qualifier_list_1','c_parser.py',923),
+  ('specifier_qualifier_list -> specifier_qualifier_list type_qualifier','specifier_qualifier_list',2,'p_specifier_qualifier_list_2','c_parser.py',928),
+  ('specifier_qualifier_list -> type_specifier','specifier_qualifier_list',1,'p_specifier_qualifier_list_3','c_parser.py',933),
+  ('specifier_qualifier_list -> type_qualifier_list type_specifier','specifier_qualifier_list',2,'p_specifier_qualifier_list_4','c_parser.py',938),
+  ('specifier_qualifier_list -> alignment_specifier','specifier_qualifier_list',1,'p_specifier_qualifier_list_5','c_parser.py',943),
+  ('specifier_qualifier_list -> specifier_qualifier_list alignment_specifier','specifier_qualifier_list',2,'p_specifier_qualifier_list_6','c_parser.py',948),
+  ('struct_or_union_specifier -> struct_or_union ID','struct_or_union_specifier',2,'p_struct_or_union_specifier_1','c_parser.py',956),
+  ('struct_or_union_specifier -> struct_or_union TYPEID','struct_or_union_specifier',2,'p_struct_or_union_specifier_1','c_parser.py',957),
+  ('struct_or_union_specifier -> struct_or_union brace_open struct_declaration_list brace_close','struct_or_union_specifier',4,'p_struct_or_union_specifier_2','c_parser.py',967),
+  ('struct_or_union_specifier -> struct_or_union brace_open brace_close','struct_or_union_specifier',3,'p_struct_or_union_specifier_2','c_parser.py',968),
+  ('struct_or_union_specifier -> struct_or_union ID brace_open struct_declaration_list brace_close','struct_or_union_specifier',5,'p_struct_or_union_specifier_3','c_parser.py',985),
+  ('struct_or_union_specifier -> struct_or_union ID brace_open brace_close','struct_or_union_specifier',4,'p_struct_or_union_specifier_3','c_parser.py',986),
+  ('struct_or_union_specifier -> struct_or_union TYPEID brace_open struct_declaration_list brace_close','struct_or_union_specifier',5,'p_struct_or_union_specifier_3','c_parser.py',987),
+  ('struct_or_union_specifier -> struct_or_union TYPEID brace_open brace_close','struct_or_union_specifier',4,'p_struct_or_union_specifier_3','c_parser.py',988),
+  ('struct_or_union -> STRUCT','struct_or_union',1,'p_struct_or_union','c_parser.py',1004),
+  ('struct_or_union -> UNION','struct_or_union',1,'p_struct_or_union','c_parser.py',1005),
+  ('struct_declaration_list -> struct_declaration','struct_declaration_list',1,'p_struct_declaration_list','c_parser.py',1012),
+  ('struct_declaration_list -> struct_declaration_list struct_declaration','struct_declaration_list',2,'p_struct_declaration_list','c_parser.py',1013),
+  ('struct_declaration -> specifier_qualifier_list struct_declarator_list_opt SEMI','struct_declaration',3,'p_struct_declaration_1','c_parser.py',1021),
+  ('struct_declaration -> SEMI','struct_declaration',1,'p_struct_declaration_2','c_parser.py',1059),
+  ('struct_declaration -> pppragma_directive','struct_declaration',1,'p_struct_declaration_3','c_parser.py',1064),
+  ('struct_declarator_list -> struct_declarator','struct_declarator_list',1,'p_struct_declarator_list','c_parser.py',1069),
+  ('struct_declarator_list -> struct_declarator_list COMMA struct_declarator','struct_declarator_list',3,'p_struct_declarator_list','c_parser.py',1070),
+  ('struct_declarator -> declarator','struct_declarator',1,'p_struct_declarator_1','c_parser.py',1078),
+  ('struct_declarator -> declarator COLON constant_expression','struct_declarator',3,'p_struct_declarator_2','c_parser.py',1083),
+  ('struct_declarator -> COLON constant_expression','struct_declarator',2,'p_struct_declarator_2','c_parser.py',1084),
+  ('enum_specifier -> ENUM ID','enum_specifier',2,'p_enum_specifier_1','c_parser.py',1092),
+  ('enum_specifier -> ENUM TYPEID','enum_specifier',2,'p_enum_specifier_1','c_parser.py',1093),
+  ('enum_specifier -> ENUM brace_open enumerator_list brace_close','enum_specifier',4,'p_enum_specifier_2','c_parser.py',1098),
+  ('enum_specifier -> ENUM ID brace_open enumerator_list brace_close','enum_specifier',5,'p_enum_specifier_3','c_parser.py',1103),
+  ('enum_specifier -> ENUM TYPEID brace_open enumerator_list brace_close','enum_specifier',5,'p_enum_specifier_3','c_parser.py',1104),
+  ('enumerator_list -> enumerator','enumerator_list',1,'p_enumerator_list','c_parser.py',1109),
+  ('enumerator_list -> enumerator_list COMMA','enumerator_list',2,'p_enumerator_list','c_parser.py',1110),
+  ('enumerator_list -> enumerator_list COMMA enumerator','enumerator_list',3,'p_enumerator_list','c_parser.py',1111),
+  ('alignment_specifier -> _ALIGNAS LPAREN type_name RPAREN','alignment_specifier',4,'p_alignment_specifier','c_parser.py',1122),
+  ('alignment_specifier -> _ALIGNAS LPAREN constant_expression RPAREN','alignment_specifier',4,'p_alignment_specifier','c_parser.py',1123),
+  ('enumerator -> ID','enumerator',1,'p_enumerator','c_parser.py',1128),
+  ('enumerator -> ID EQUALS constant_expression','enumerator',3,'p_enumerator','c_parser.py',1129),
+  ('declarator -> id_declarator','declarator',1,'p_declarator','c_parser.py',1144),
+  ('declarator -> typeid_declarator','declarator',1,'p_declarator','c_parser.py',1145),
+  ('pointer -> TIMES type_qualifier_list_opt','pointer',2,'p_pointer','c_parser.py',1257),
+  ('pointer -> TIMES type_qualifier_list_opt pointer','pointer',3,'p_pointer','c_parser.py',1258),
+  ('type_qualifier_list -> type_qualifier','type_qualifier_list',1,'p_type_qualifier_list','c_parser.py',1287),
+  ('type_qualifier_list -> type_qualifier_list type_qualifier','type_qualifier_list',2,'p_type_qualifier_list','c_parser.py',1288),
+  ('parameter_type_list -> parameter_list','parameter_type_list',1,'p_parameter_type_list','c_parser.py',1293),
+  ('parameter_type_list -> parameter_list COMMA ELLIPSIS','parameter_type_list',3,'p_parameter_type_list','c_parser.py',1294),
+  ('parameter_list -> parameter_declaration','parameter_list',1,'p_parameter_list','c_parser.py',1302),
+  ('parameter_list -> parameter_list COMMA parameter_declaration','parameter_list',3,'p_parameter_list','c_parser.py',1303),
+  ('parameter_declaration -> declaration_specifiers id_declarator','parameter_declaration',2,'p_parameter_declaration_1','c_parser.py',1322),
+  ('parameter_declaration -> declaration_specifiers typeid_noparen_declarator','parameter_declaration',2,'p_parameter_declaration_1','c_parser.py',1323),
+  ('parameter_declaration -> declaration_specifiers abstract_declarator_opt','parameter_declaration',2,'p_parameter_declaration_2','c_parser.py',1334),
+  ('identifier_list -> identifier','identifier_list',1,'p_identifier_list','c_parser.py',1366),
+  ('identifier_list -> identifier_list COMMA identifier','identifier_list',3,'p_identifier_list','c_parser.py',1367),
+  ('initializer -> assignment_expression','initializer',1,'p_initializer_1','c_parser.py',1376),
+  ('initializer -> brace_open initializer_list_opt brace_close','initializer',3,'p_initializer_2','c_parser.py',1381),
+  ('initializer -> brace_open initializer_list COMMA brace_close','initializer',4,'p_initializer_2','c_parser.py',1382),
+  ('initializer_list -> designation_opt initializer','initializer_list',2,'p_initializer_list','c_parser.py',1390),
+  ('initializer_list -> initializer_list COMMA designation_opt initializer','initializer_list',4,'p_initializer_list','c_parser.py',1391),
+  ('designation -> designator_list EQUALS','designation',2,'p_designation','c_parser.py',1402),
+  ('designator_list -> designator','designator_list',1,'p_designator_list','c_parser.py',1410),
+  ('designator_list -> designator_list designator','designator_list',2,'p_designator_list','c_parser.py',1411),
+  ('designator -> LBRACKET constant_expression RBRACKET','designator',3,'p_designator','c_parser.py',1416),
+  ('designator -> PERIOD identifier','designator',2,'p_designator','c_parser.py',1417),
+  ('type_name -> specifier_qualifier_list abstract_declarator_opt','type_name',2,'p_type_name','c_parser.py',1422),
+  ('abstract_declarator -> pointer','abstract_declarator',1,'p_abstract_declarator_1','c_parser.py',1434),
+  ('abstract_declarator -> pointer direct_abstract_declarator','abstract_declarator',2,'p_abstract_declarator_2','c_parser.py',1442),
+  ('abstract_declarator -> direct_abstract_declarator','abstract_declarator',1,'p_abstract_declarator_3','c_parser.py',1447),
+  ('direct_abstract_declarator -> LPAREN abstract_declarator RPAREN','direct_abstract_declarator',3,'p_direct_abstract_declarator_1','c_parser.py',1457),
+  ('direct_abstract_declarator -> direct_abstract_declarator LBRACKET assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET','direct_abstract_declarator',4,'p_direct_abstract_declarator_2','c_parser.py',1461),
+  ('direct_abstract_declarator -> LBRACKET type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression_opt RBRACKET','direct_abstract_declarator',4,'p_direct_abstract_declarator_3','c_parser.py',1472),
+  ('direct_abstract_declarator -> direct_abstract_declarator LBRACKET TIMES RBRACKET','direct_abstract_declarator',4,'p_direct_abstract_declarator_4','c_parser.py',1482),
+  ('direct_abstract_declarator -> LBRACKET TIMES RBRACKET','direct_abstract_declarator',3,'p_direct_abstract_declarator_5','c_parser.py',1493),
+  ('direct_abstract_declarator -> direct_abstract_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list_opt RPAREN','direct_abstract_declarator',4,'p_direct_abstract_declarator_6','c_parser.py',1502),
+  ('direct_abstract_declarator -> LPAREN parameter_type_list_opt RPAREN','direct_abstract_declarator',3,'p_direct_abstract_declarator_7','c_parser.py',1512),
+  ('block_item -> declaration','block_item',1,'p_block_item','c_parser.py',1523),
+  ('block_item -> statement','block_item',1,'p_block_item','c_parser.py',1524),
+  ('block_item_list -> block_item','block_item_list',1,'p_block_item_list','c_parser.py',1531),
+  ('block_item_list -> block_item_list block_item','block_item_list',2,'p_block_item_list','c_parser.py',1532),
+  ('compound_statement -> brace_open block_item_list_opt brace_close','compound_statement',3,'p_compound_statement_1','c_parser.py',1538),
+  ('labeled_statement -> ID COLON pragmacomp_or_statement','labeled_statement',3,'p_labeled_statement_1','c_parser.py',1544),
+  ('labeled_statement -> CASE constant_expression COLON pragmacomp_or_statement','labeled_statement',4,'p_labeled_statement_2','c_parser.py',1548),
+  ('labeled_statement -> DEFAULT COLON pragmacomp_or_statement','labeled_statement',3,'p_labeled_statement_3','c_parser.py',1552),
+  ('selection_statement -> IF LPAREN expression RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement','selection_statement',5,'p_selection_statement_1','c_parser.py',1556),
+  ('selection_statement -> IF LPAREN expression RPAREN statement ELSE pragmacomp_or_statement','selection_statement',7,'p_selection_statement_2','c_parser.py',1560),
+  ('selection_statement -> SWITCH LPAREN expression RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement','selection_statement',5,'p_selection_statement_3','c_parser.py',1564),
+  ('iteration_statement -> WHILE LPAREN expression RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement','iteration_statement',5,'p_iteration_statement_1','c_parser.py',1569),
+  ('iteration_statement -> DO pragmacomp_or_statement WHILE LPAREN expression RPAREN SEMI','iteration_statement',7,'p_iteration_statement_2','c_parser.py',1573),
+  ('iteration_statement -> FOR LPAREN expression_opt SEMI expression_opt SEMI expression_opt RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement','iteration_statement',9,'p_iteration_statement_3','c_parser.py',1577),
+  ('iteration_statement -> FOR LPAREN declaration expression_opt SEMI expression_opt RPAREN pragmacomp_or_statement','iteration_statement',8,'p_iteration_statement_4','c_parser.py',1581),
+  ('jump_statement -> GOTO ID SEMI','jump_statement',3,'p_jump_statement_1','c_parser.py',1586),
+  ('jump_statement -> BREAK SEMI','jump_statement',2,'p_jump_statement_2','c_parser.py',1590),
+  ('jump_statement -> CONTINUE SEMI','jump_statement',2,'p_jump_statement_3','c_parser.py',1594),
+  ('jump_statement -> RETURN expression SEMI','jump_statement',3,'p_jump_statement_4','c_parser.py',1598),
+  ('jump_statement -> RETURN SEMI','jump_statement',2,'p_jump_statement_4','c_parser.py',1599),
+  ('expression_statement -> expression_opt SEMI','expression_statement',2,'p_expression_statement','c_parser.py',1604),
+  ('expression -> assignment_expression','expression',1,'p_expression','c_parser.py',1611),
+  ('expression -> expression COMMA assignment_expression','expression',3,'p_expression','c_parser.py',1612),
+  ('assignment_expression -> LPAREN compound_statement RPAREN','assignment_expression',3,'p_parenthesized_compound_expression','c_parser.py',1624),
+  ('typedef_name -> TYPEID','typedef_name',1,'p_typedef_name','c_parser.py',1628),
+  ('assignment_expression -> conditional_expression','assignment_expression',1,'p_assignment_expression','c_parser.py',1632),
+  ('assignment_expression -> unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression','assignment_expression',3,'p_assignment_expression','c_parser.py',1633),
+  ('assignment_operator -> EQUALS','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1646),
+  ('assignment_operator -> XOREQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1647),
+  ('assignment_operator -> TIMESEQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1648),
+  ('assignment_operator -> DIVEQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1649),
+  ('assignment_operator -> MODEQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1650),
+  ('assignment_operator -> PLUSEQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1651),
+  ('assignment_operator -> MINUSEQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1652),
+  ('assignment_operator -> LSHIFTEQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1653),
+  ('assignment_operator -> RSHIFTEQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1654),
+  ('assignment_operator -> ANDEQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1655),
+  ('assignment_operator -> OREQUAL','assignment_operator',1,'p_assignment_operator','c_parser.py',1656),
+  ('constant_expression -> conditional_expression','constant_expression',1,'p_constant_expression','c_parser.py',1661),
+  ('conditional_expression -> binary_expression','conditional_expression',1,'p_conditional_expression','c_parser.py',1665),
+  ('conditional_expression -> binary_expression CONDOP expression COLON conditional_expression','conditional_expression',5,'p_conditional_expression','c_parser.py',1666),
+  ('binary_expression -> cast_expression','binary_expression',1,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1674),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression TIMES binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1675),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression DIVIDE binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1676),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression MOD binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1677),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression PLUS binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1678),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression MINUS binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1679),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression RSHIFT binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1680),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression LSHIFT binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1681),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression LT binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1682),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression LE binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1683),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression GE binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1684),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression GT binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1685),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression EQ binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1686),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression NE binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1687),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression AND binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1688),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression OR binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1689),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression XOR binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1690),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression LAND binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1691),
+  ('binary_expression -> binary_expression LOR binary_expression','binary_expression',3,'p_binary_expression','c_parser.py',1692),
+  ('cast_expression -> unary_expression','cast_expression',1,'p_cast_expression_1','c_parser.py',1700),
+  ('cast_expression -> LPAREN type_name RPAREN cast_expression','cast_expression',4,'p_cast_expression_2','c_parser.py',1704),
+  ('unary_expression -> postfix_expression','unary_expression',1,'p_unary_expression_1','c_parser.py',1708),
+  ('unary_expression -> PLUSPLUS unary_expression','unary_expression',2,'p_unary_expression_2','c_parser.py',1712),
+  ('unary_expression -> MINUSMINUS unary_expression','unary_expression',2,'p_unary_expression_2','c_parser.py',1713),
+  ('unary_expression -> unary_operator cast_expression','unary_expression',2,'p_unary_expression_2','c_parser.py',1714),
+  ('unary_expression -> SIZEOF unary_expression','unary_expression',2,'p_unary_expression_3','c_parser.py',1719),
+  ('unary_expression -> SIZEOF LPAREN type_name RPAREN','unary_expression',4,'p_unary_expression_3','c_parser.py',1720),
+  ('unary_expression -> _ALIGNOF LPAREN type_name RPAREN','unary_expression',4,'p_unary_expression_3','c_parser.py',1721),
+  ('unary_operator -> AND','unary_operator',1,'p_unary_operator','c_parser.py',1729),
+  ('unary_operator -> TIMES','unary_operator',1,'p_unary_operator','c_parser.py',1730),
+  ('unary_operator -> PLUS','unary_operator',1,'p_unary_operator','c_parser.py',1731),
+  ('unary_operator -> MINUS','unary_operator',1,'p_unary_operator','c_parser.py',1732),
+  ('unary_operator -> NOT','unary_operator',1,'p_unary_operator','c_parser.py',1733),
+  ('unary_operator -> LNOT','unary_operator',1,'p_unary_operator','c_parser.py',1734),
+  ('postfix_expression -> primary_expression','postfix_expression',1,'p_postfix_expression_1','c_parser.py',1739),
+  ('postfix_expression -> postfix_expression LBRACKET expression RBRACKET','postfix_expression',4,'p_postfix_expression_2','c_parser.py',1743),
+  ('postfix_expression -> postfix_expression LPAREN argument_expression_list RPAREN','postfix_expression',4,'p_postfix_expression_3','c_parser.py',1747),
+  ('postfix_expression -> postfix_expression LPAREN RPAREN','postfix_expression',3,'p_postfix_expression_3','c_parser.py',1748),
+  ('postfix_expression -> postfix_expression PERIOD ID','postfix_expression',3,'p_postfix_expression_4','c_parser.py',1753),
+  ('postfix_expression -> postfix_expression PERIOD TYPEID','postfix_expression',3,'p_postfix_expression_4','c_parser.py',1754),
+  ('postfix_expression -> postfix_expression ARROW ID','postfix_expression',3,'p_postfix_expression_4','c_parser.py',1755),
+  ('postfix_expression -> postfix_expression ARROW TYPEID','postfix_expression',3,'p_postfix_expression_4','c_parser.py',1756),
+  ('postfix_expression -> postfix_expression PLUSPLUS','postfix_expression',2,'p_postfix_expression_5','c_parser.py',1762),
+  ('postfix_expression -> postfix_expression MINUSMINUS','postfix_expression',2,'p_postfix_expression_5','c_parser.py',1763),
+  ('postfix_expression -> LPAREN type_name RPAREN brace_open initializer_list brace_close','postfix_expression',6,'p_postfix_expression_6','c_parser.py',1768),
+  ('postfix_expression -> LPAREN type_name RPAREN brace_open initializer_list COMMA brace_close','postfix_expression',7,'p_postfix_expression_6','c_parser.py',1769),
+  ('primary_expression -> identifier','primary_expression',1,'p_primary_expression_1','c_parser.py',1774),
+  ('primary_expression -> constant','primary_expression',1,'p_primary_expression_2','c_parser.py',1778),
+  ('primary_expression -> unified_string_literal','primary_expression',1,'p_primary_expression_3','c_parser.py',1782),
+  ('primary_expression -> unified_wstring_literal','primary_expression',1,'p_primary_expression_3','c_parser.py',1783),
+  ('primary_expression -> LPAREN expression RPAREN','primary_expression',3,'p_primary_expression_4','c_parser.py',1788),
+  ('primary_expression -> OFFSETOF LPAREN type_name COMMA offsetof_member_designator RPAREN','primary_expression',6,'p_primary_expression_5','c_parser.py',1792),
+  ('offsetof_member_designator -> identifier','offsetof_member_designator',1,'p_offsetof_member_designator','c_parser.py',1800),
+  ('offsetof_member_designator -> offsetof_member_designator PERIOD identifier','offsetof_member_designator',3,'p_offsetof_member_designator','c_parser.py',1801),
+  ('offsetof_member_designator -> offsetof_member_designator LBRACKET expression RBRACKET','offsetof_member_designator',4,'p_offsetof_member_designator','c_parser.py',1802),
+  ('argument_expression_list -> assignment_expression','argument_expression_list',1,'p_argument_expression_list','c_parser.py',1814),
+  ('argument_expression_list -> argument_expression_list COMMA assignment_expression','argument_expression_list',3,'p_argument_expression_list','c_parser.py',1815),
+  ('identifier -> ID','identifier',1,'p_identifier','c_parser.py',1824),
+  ('constant -> INT_CONST_DEC','constant',1,'p_constant_1','c_parser.py',1828),
+  ('constant -> INT_CONST_OCT','constant',1,'p_constant_1','c_parser.py',1829),
+  ('constant -> INT_CONST_HEX','constant',1,'p_constant_1','c_parser.py',1830),
+  ('constant -> INT_CONST_BIN','constant',1,'p_constant_1','c_parser.py',1831),
+  ('constant -> INT_CONST_CHAR','constant',1,'p_constant_1','c_parser.py',1832),
+  ('constant -> FLOAT_CONST','constant',1,'p_constant_2','c_parser.py',1851),
+  ('constant -> HEX_FLOAT_CONST','constant',1,'p_constant_2','c_parser.py',1852),
+  ('constant -> CHAR_CONST','constant',1,'p_constant_3','c_parser.py',1868),
+  ('constant -> WCHAR_CONST','constant',1,'p_constant_3','c_parser.py',1869),
+  ('constant -> U8CHAR_CONST','constant',1,'p_constant_3','c_parser.py',1870),
+  ('constant -> U16CHAR_CONST','constant',1,'p_constant_3','c_parser.py',1871),
+  ('constant -> U32CHAR_CONST','constant',1,'p_constant_3','c_parser.py',1872),
+  ('unified_string_literal -> STRING_LITERAL','unified_string_literal',1,'p_unified_string_literal','c_parser.py',1883),
+  ('unified_string_literal -> unified_string_literal STRING_LITERAL','unified_string_literal',2,'p_unified_string_literal','c_parser.py',1884),
+  ('unified_wstring_literal -> WSTRING_LITERAL','unified_wstring_literal',1,'p_unified_wstring_literal','c_parser.py',1894),
+  ('unified_wstring_literal -> U8STRING_LITERAL','unified_wstring_literal',1,'p_unified_wstring_literal','c_parser.py',1895),
+  ('unified_wstring_literal -> U16STRING_LITERAL','unified_wstring_literal',1,'p_unified_wstring_literal','c_parser.py',1896),
+  ('unified_wstring_literal -> U32STRING_LITERAL','unified_wstring_literal',1,'p_unified_wstring_literal','c_parser.py',1897),
+  ('unified_wstring_literal -> unified_wstring_literal WSTRING_LITERAL','unified_wstring_literal',2,'p_unified_wstring_literal','c_parser.py',1898),
+  ('unified_wstring_literal -> unified_wstring_literal U8STRING_LITERAL','unified_wstring_literal',2,'p_unified_wstring_literal','c_parser.py',1899),
+  ('unified_wstring_literal -> unified_wstring_literal U16STRING_LITERAL','unified_wstring_literal',2,'p_unified_wstring_literal','c_parser.py',1900),
+  ('unified_wstring_literal -> unified_wstring_literal U32STRING_LITERAL','unified_wstring_literal',2,'p_unified_wstring_literal','c_parser.py',1901),
+  ('brace_open -> LBRACE','brace_open',1,'p_brace_open','c_parser.py',1911),
+  ('brace_close -> RBRACE','brace_close',1,'p_brace_close','c_parser.py',1917),
+  ('empty -> <empty>','empty',0,'p_empty','c_parser.py',1923),
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/LICENSE.mit b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/LICENSE.mit
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cbf251
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/LICENSE.mit
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Copyright (c) 2022 Tobias Gustafsson
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
+OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e592ceb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,771 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: pyrsistent
+Version: 0.18.1
+Summary: Persistent/Functional/Immutable data structures
+Home-page: http://github.com/tobgu/pyrsistent/
+Author: Tobias Gustafsson
+Author-email: tobias.l.gustafsson@gmail.com
+License: MIT
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Requires-Python: >=3.7
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+License-File: LICENSE.mit
+
+Pyrsistent
+==========
+.. image:: https://github.com/tobgu/pyrsistent/actions/workflows/tests.yaml/badge.svg
+    :target: https://github.com/tobgu/pyrsistent/actions/workflows/tests.yaml
+
+
+.. _Pyrthon: https://www.github.com/tobgu/pyrthon/
+
+Pyrsistent is a number of persistent collections (by some referred to as functional data structures). Persistent in
+the sense that they are immutable.
+
+All methods on a data structure that would normally mutate it instead return a new copy of the structure containing the
+requested updates. The original structure is left untouched.
+
+This will simplify the reasoning about what a program does since no hidden side effects ever can take place to these
+data structures. You can rest assured that the object you hold a reference to will remain the same throughout its
+lifetime and need not worry that somewhere five stack levels below you in the darkest corner of your application
+someone has decided to remove that element that you expected to be there.
+
+Pyrsistent is influenced by persistent data structures such as those found in the standard library of Clojure. The
+data structures are designed to share common elements through path copying.
+It aims at taking these concepts and make them as pythonic as possible so that they can be easily integrated into any python
+program without hassle.
+
+If you want to go all in on persistent data structures and use literal syntax to define them in your code rather
+than function calls check out Pyrthon_.
+
+Examples
+--------
+.. _Sequence: collections_
+.. _Hashable: collections_
+.. _Mapping: collections_
+.. _Mappings: collections_
+.. _Set: collections_
+.. _collections: https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.abc.html
+.. _documentation: http://pyrsistent.readthedocs.org/
+
+The collection types and key features currently implemented are:
+
+* PVector_, similar to a python list
+* PMap_, similar to dict
+* PSet_, similar to set
+* PRecord_, a PMap on steroids with fixed fields, optional type and invariant checking and much more
+* PClass_, a Python class fixed fields, optional type and invariant checking and much more
+* `Checked collections`_, PVector, PMap and PSet with optional type and invariance checks and more
+* PBag, similar to collections.Counter
+* PList, a classic singly linked list
+* PDeque, similar to collections.deque
+* Immutable object type (immutable) built on the named tuple
+* freeze_ and thaw_ functions to convert between pythons standard collections and pyrsistent collections.
+* Flexible transformations_ of arbitrarily complex structures built from PMaps and PVectors.
+
+Below are examples of common usage patterns for some of the structures and features. More information and
+full documentation for all data structures is available in the documentation_.
+
+.. _PVector:
+
+PVector
+~~~~~~~
+With full support for the Sequence_ protocol PVector is meant as a drop in replacement to the built in list from a readers
+point of view. Write operations of course differ since no in place mutation is done but naming should be in line
+with corresponding operations on the built in list.
+
+Support for the Hashable_ protocol also means that it can be used as key in Mappings_.
+
+Appends are amortized O(1). Random access and insert is log32(n) where n is the size of the vector.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import v, pvector
+
+    # No mutation of vectors once created, instead they
+    # are "evolved" leaving the original untouched
+    >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3)
+    >>> v2 = v1.append(4)
+    >>> v3 = v2.set(1, 5)
+    >>> v1
+    pvector([1, 2, 3])
+    >>> v2
+    pvector([1, 2, 3, 4])
+    >>> v3
+    pvector([1, 5, 3, 4])
+
+    # Random access and slicing
+    >>> v3[1]
+    5
+    >>> v3[1:3]
+    pvector([5, 3])
+
+    # Iteration
+    >>> list(x + 1 for x in v3)
+    [2, 6, 4, 5]
+    >>> pvector(2 * x for x in range(3))
+    pvector([0, 2, 4])
+
+.. _PMap:
+
+PMap
+~~~~
+With full support for the Mapping_ protocol PMap is meant as a drop in replacement to the built in dict from a readers point
+of view. Support for the Hashable_ protocol also means that it can be used as key in other Mappings_.
+
+Random access and insert is log32(n) where n is the size of the map.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import m, pmap, v
+
+    # No mutation of maps once created, instead they are
+    # "evolved" leaving the original untouched
+    >>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
+    >>> m2 = m1.set('c', 3)
+    >>> m3 = m2.set('a', 5)
+    >>> m1
+    pmap({'a': 1, 'b': 2})
+    >>> m2
+    pmap({'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2})
+    >>> m3
+    pmap({'a': 5, 'c': 3, 'b': 2})
+    >>> m3['a']
+    5
+
+    # Evolution of nested persistent structures
+    >>> m4 = m(a=5, b=6, c=v(1, 2))
+    >>> m4.transform(('c', 1), 17)
+    pmap({'a': 5, 'c': pvector([1, 17]), 'b': 6})
+    >>> m5 = m(a=1, b=2)
+
+    # Evolve by merging with other mappings
+    >>> m5.update(m(a=2, c=3), {'a': 17, 'd': 35})
+    pmap({'a': 17, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'd': 35})
+    >>> pmap({'x': 1, 'y': 2}) + pmap({'y': 3, 'z': 4})
+    pmap({'y': 3, 'x': 1, 'z': 4})
+
+    # Dict-like methods to convert to list and iterate
+    >>> m3.items()
+    pvector([('a', 5), ('c', 3), ('b', 2)])
+    >>> list(m3)
+    ['a', 'c', 'b']
+
+.. _PSet:
+
+PSet
+~~~~
+With full support for the Set_ protocol PSet is meant as a drop in replacement to the built in set from a readers point
+of view. Support for the Hashable_ protocol also means that it can be used as key in Mappings_.
+
+Random access and insert is log32(n) where n is the size of the set.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import s
+
+    # No mutation of sets once created, you know the story...
+    >>> s1 = s(1, 2, 3, 2)
+    >>> s2 = s1.add(4)
+    >>> s3 = s1.remove(1)
+    >>> s1
+    pset([1, 2, 3])
+    >>> s2
+    pset([1, 2, 3, 4])
+    >>> s3
+    pset([2, 3])
+
+    # Full support for set operations
+    >>> s1 | s(3, 4, 5)
+    pset([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    >>> s1 & s(3, 4, 5)
+    pset([3])
+    >>> s1 < s2
+    True
+    >>> s1 < s(3, 4, 5)
+    False
+
+.. _PRecord:
+
+PRecord
+~~~~~~~
+A PRecord is a PMap with a fixed set of specified fields. Records are declared as python classes inheriting
+from PRecord. Because it is a PMap it has full support for all Mapping methods such as iteration and element
+access using subscript notation.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import PRecord, field
+    >>> class ARecord(PRecord):
+    ...     x = field()
+    ...
+    >>> r = ARecord(x=3)
+    >>> r
+    ARecord(x=3)
+    >>> r.x
+    3
+    >>> r.set(x=2)
+    ARecord(x=2)
+    >>> r.set(y=2)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    AttributeError: 'y' is not among the specified fields for ARecord
+
+Type information
+****************
+It is possible to add type information to the record to enforce type checks. Multiple allowed types can be specified
+by providing an iterable of types.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> class BRecord(PRecord):
+    ...     x = field(type=int)
+    ...     y = field(type=(int, type(None)))
+    ...
+    >>> BRecord(x=3, y=None)
+    BRecord(y=None, x=3)
+    >>> BRecord(x=3.0)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    PTypeError: Invalid type for field BRecord.x, was float
+
+
+Custom types (classes) that are iterable should be wrapped in a tuple to prevent their
+members being added to the set of valid types.  Although Enums in particular are now
+supported without wrapping, see #83 for more information.
+
+Mandatory fields
+****************
+Fields are not mandatory by default but can be specified as such. If fields are missing an
+*InvariantException* will be thrown which contains information about the missing fields.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import InvariantException
+    >>> class CRecord(PRecord):
+    ...     x = field(mandatory=True)
+    ...
+    >>> r = CRecord(x=3)
+    >>> try:
+    ...    r.discard('x')
+    ... except InvariantException as e:
+    ...    print(e.missing_fields)
+    ...
+    ('CRecord.x',)
+
+Invariants
+**********
+It is possible to add invariants that must hold when evolving the record. Invariants can be
+specified on both field and record level. If invariants fail an *InvariantException* will be
+thrown which contains information about the failing invariants. An invariant function should
+return a tuple consisting of a boolean that tells if the invariant holds or not and an object
+describing the invariant. This object can later be used to identify which invariant that failed.
+
+The global invariant function is only executed if all field invariants hold.
+
+Global invariants are inherited to subclasses.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> class RestrictedVector(PRecord):
+    ...     __invariant__ = lambda r: (r.y >= r.x, 'x larger than y')
+    ...     x = field(invariant=lambda x: (x > 0, 'x negative'))
+    ...     y = field(invariant=lambda y: (y > 0, 'y negative'))
+    ...
+    >>> r = RestrictedVector(y=3, x=2)
+    >>> try:
+    ...    r.set(x=-1, y=-2)
+    ... except InvariantException as e:
+    ...    print(e.invariant_errors)
+    ...
+    ('y negative', 'x negative')
+    >>> try:
+    ...    r.set(x=2, y=1)
+    ... except InvariantException as e:
+    ...    print(e.invariant_errors)
+    ...
+    ('x larger than y',)
+
+Invariants may also contain multiple assertions. For those cases the invariant function should
+return a tuple of invariant tuples as described above. This structure is reflected in the
+invariant_errors attribute of the exception which will contain tuples with data from all failed
+invariants. Eg:
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> class EvenX(PRecord):
+    ...     x = field(invariant=lambda x: ((x > 0, 'x negative'), (x % 2 == 0, 'x odd')))
+    ...
+    >>> try:
+    ...    EvenX(x=-1)
+    ... except InvariantException as e:
+    ...    print(e.invariant_errors)
+    ...
+    (('x negative', 'x odd'),)
+
+
+Factories
+*********
+It's possible to specify factory functions for fields. The factory function receives whatever
+is supplied as field value and the actual returned by the factory is assigned to the field
+given that any type and invariant checks hold.
+PRecords have a default factory specified as a static function on the class, create(). It takes
+a *Mapping* as argument and returns an instance of the specific record.
+If a record has fields of type PRecord the create() method of that record will
+be called to create the "sub record" if no factory has explicitly been specified to override
+this behaviour.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> class DRecord(PRecord):
+    ...     x = field(factory=int)
+    ...
+    >>> class ERecord(PRecord):
+    ...     d = field(type=DRecord)
+    ...
+    >>> ERecord.create({'d': {'x': '1'}})
+    ERecord(d=DRecord(x=1))
+
+Collection fields
+*****************
+It is also possible to have fields with ``pyrsistent`` collections.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+   >>> from pyrsistent import pset_field, pmap_field, pvector_field
+   >>> class MultiRecord(PRecord):
+   ...     set_of_ints = pset_field(int)
+   ...     map_int_to_str = pmap_field(int, str)
+   ...     vector_of_strs = pvector_field(str)
+   ...
+
+Serialization
+*************
+PRecords support serialization back to dicts. Default serialization will take keys and values
+"as is" and output them into a dict. It is possible to specify custom serialization functions
+to take care of fields that require special treatment.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from datetime import date
+    >>> class Person(PRecord):
+    ...     name = field(type=unicode)
+    ...     birth_date = field(type=date,
+    ...                        serializer=lambda format, d: d.strftime(format['date']))
+    ...
+    >>> john = Person(name=u'John', birth_date=date(1985, 10, 21))
+    >>> john.serialize({'date': '%Y-%m-%d'})
+    {'birth_date': '1985-10-21', 'name': u'John'}
+
+
+.. _instar: https://github.com/boxed/instar/
+
+.. _PClass:
+
+PClass
+~~~~~~
+A PClass is a python class with a fixed set of specified fields. PClasses are declared as python classes inheriting
+from PClass. It is defined the same way that PRecords are and behaves like a PRecord in all aspects except that it
+is not a PMap and hence not a collection but rather a plain Python object.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import PClass, field
+    >>> class AClass(PClass):
+    ...     x = field()
+    ...
+    >>> a = AClass(x=3)
+    >>> a
+    AClass(x=3)
+    >>> a.x
+    3
+
+
+Checked collections
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Checked collections currently come in three flavors: CheckedPVector, CheckedPMap and CheckedPSet.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import CheckedPVector, CheckedPMap, CheckedPSet, thaw
+    >>> class Positives(CheckedPSet):
+    ...     __type__ = (long, int)
+    ...     __invariant__ = lambda n: (n >= 0, 'Negative')
+    ...
+    >>> class Lottery(PRecord):
+    ...     name = field(type=str)
+    ...     numbers = field(type=Positives, invariant=lambda p: (len(p) > 0, 'No numbers'))
+    ...
+    >>> class Lotteries(CheckedPVector):
+    ...     __type__ = Lottery
+    ...
+    >>> class LotteriesByDate(CheckedPMap):
+    ...     __key_type__ = date
+    ...     __value_type__ = Lotteries
+    ...
+    >>> lotteries = LotteriesByDate.create({date(2015, 2, 15): [{'name': 'SuperLotto', 'numbers': {1, 2, 3}},
+    ...                                                         {'name': 'MegaLotto',  'numbers': {4, 5, 6}}],
+    ...                                     date(2015, 2, 16): [{'name': 'SuperLotto', 'numbers': {3, 2, 1}},
+    ...                                                         {'name': 'MegaLotto',  'numbers': {6, 5, 4}}]})
+    >>> lotteries
+    LotteriesByDate({datetime.date(2015, 2, 15): Lotteries([Lottery(numbers=Positives([1, 2, 3]), name='SuperLotto'), Lottery(numbers=Positives([4, 5, 6]), name='MegaLotto')]), datetime.date(2015, 2, 16): Lotteries([Lottery(numbers=Positives([1, 2, 3]), name='SuperLotto'), Lottery(numbers=Positives([4, 5, 6]), name='MegaLotto')])})
+
+    # The checked versions support all operations that the corresponding
+    # unchecked types do
+    >>> lottery_0215 = lotteries[date(2015, 2, 15)]
+    >>> lottery_0215.transform([0, 'name'], 'SuperDuperLotto')
+    Lotteries([Lottery(numbers=Positives([1, 2, 3]), name='SuperDuperLotto'), Lottery(numbers=Positives([4, 5, 6]), name='MegaLotto')])
+
+    # But also makes asserts that types and invariants hold
+    >>> lottery_0215.transform([0, 'name'], 999)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    PTypeError: Invalid type for field Lottery.name, was int
+
+    >>> lottery_0215.transform([0, 'numbers'], set())
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    InvariantException: Field invariant failed
+
+    # They can be converted back to python built ins with either thaw()
+    # or serialize() (which provides possibilities to customize serialization)
+    >>> thaw(lottery_0215)
+    [{'numbers': set([1, 2, 3]), 'name': 'SuperLotto'}, {'numbers': set([4, 5, 6]), 'name': 'MegaLotto'}]
+    >>> lottery_0215.serialize()
+    [{'numbers': set([1, 2, 3]), 'name': 'SuperLotto'}, {'numbers': set([4, 5, 6]), 'name': 'MegaLotto'}]
+
+.. _transformations:
+
+Transformations
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Transformations are inspired by the cool library instar_ for Clojure. They let you evolve PMaps and PVectors
+with arbitrarily deep/complex nesting using simple syntax and flexible matching syntax.
+
+The first argument to transformation is the path that points out the value to transform. The
+second is the transformation to perform. If the transformation is callable it will be applied
+to the value(s) matching the path. The path may also contain callables. In that case they are
+treated as matchers. If the matcher returns True for a specific key it is considered for transformation.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    # Basic examples
+    >>> from pyrsistent import inc, freeze, thaw, rex, ny, discard
+    >>> v1 = freeze([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    >>> v1.transform([2], inc)
+    pvector([1, 2, 4, 4, 5])
+    >>> v1.transform([lambda ix: 0 < ix < 4], 8)
+    pvector([1, 8, 8, 8, 5])
+    >>> v1.transform([lambda ix, v: ix == 0 or v == 5], 0)
+    pvector([0, 2, 3, 4, 0])
+
+    # The (a)ny matcher can be used to match anything
+    >>> v1.transform([ny], 8)
+    pvector([8, 8, 8, 8, 8])
+
+    # Regular expressions can be used for matching
+    >>> scores = freeze({'John': 12, 'Joseph': 34, 'Sara': 23})
+    >>> scores.transform([rex('^Jo')], 0)
+    pmap({'Joseph': 0, 'Sara': 23, 'John': 0})
+
+    # Transformations can be done on arbitrarily deep structures
+    >>> news_paper = freeze({'articles': [{'author': 'Sara', 'content': 'A short article'},
+    ...                                   {'author': 'Steve', 'content': 'A slightly longer article'}],
+    ...                      'weather': {'temperature': '11C', 'wind': '5m/s'}})
+    >>> short_news = news_paper.transform(['articles', ny, 'content'], lambda c: c[:25] + '...' if len(c) > 25 else c)
+    >>> very_short_news = news_paper.transform(['articles', ny, 'content'], lambda c: c[:15] + '...' if len(c) > 15 else c)
+    >>> very_short_news.articles[0].content
+    'A short article'
+    >>> very_short_news.articles[1].content
+    'A slightly long...'
+
+    # When nothing has been transformed the original data structure is kept
+    >>> short_news is news_paper
+    True
+    >>> very_short_news is news_paper
+    False
+    >>> very_short_news.articles[0] is news_paper.articles[0]
+    True
+
+    # There is a special transformation that can be used to discard elements. Also
+    # multiple transformations can be applied in one call
+    >>> thaw(news_paper.transform(['weather'], discard, ['articles', ny, 'content'], discard))
+    {'articles': [{'author': 'Sara'}, {'author': 'Steve'}]}
+
+Evolvers
+~~~~~~~~
+PVector, PMap and PSet all have support for a concept dubbed *evolvers*. An evolver acts like a mutable
+view of the underlying persistent data structure with "transaction like" semantics. No updates of the original
+data structure is ever performed, it is still fully immutable.
+
+The evolvers have a very limited API by design to discourage excessive, and inappropriate, usage as that would
+take us down the mutable road. In principle only basic mutation and element access functions are supported.
+Check out the documentation_ of each data structure for specific examples.
+
+Examples of when you may want to use an evolver instead of working directly with the data structure include:
+
+* Multiple updates are done to the same data structure and the intermediate results are of no
+  interest. In this case using an evolver may be a more efficient and easier to work with.
+* You need to pass a vector into a legacy function or a function that you have no control
+  over which performs in place mutations. In this case pass an evolver instance
+  instead and then create a new pvector from the evolver once the function returns.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import v
+
+    # In place mutation as when working with the built in counterpart
+    >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3)
+    >>> e = v1.evolver()
+    >>> e[1] = 22
+    >>> e = e.append(4)
+    >>> e = e.extend([5, 6])
+    >>> e[5] += 1
+    >>> len(e)
+    6
+
+    # The evolver is considered *dirty* when it contains changes compared to the underlying vector
+    >>> e.is_dirty()
+    True
+
+    # But the underlying pvector still remains untouched
+    >>> v1
+    pvector([1, 2, 3])
+
+    # Once satisfied with the updates you can produce a new pvector containing the updates.
+    # The new pvector will share data with the original pvector in the same way that would have
+    # been done if only using operations on the pvector.
+    >>> v2 = e.persistent()
+    >>> v2
+    pvector([1, 22, 3, 4, 5, 7])
+
+    # The evolver is now no longer considered *dirty* as it contains no differences compared to the
+    # pvector just produced.
+    >>> e.is_dirty()
+    False
+
+    # You may continue to work with the same evolver without affecting the content of v2
+    >>> e[0] = 11
+
+    # Or create a new evolver from v2. The two evolvers can be updated independently but will both
+    # share data with v2 where possible.
+    >>> e2 = v2.evolver()
+    >>> e2[0] = 1111
+    >>> e.persistent()
+    pvector([11, 22, 3, 4, 5, 7])
+    >>> e2.persistent()
+    pvector([1111, 22, 3, 4, 5, 7])
+
+.. _freeze:
+.. _thaw:
+
+freeze and thaw
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+These functions are great when your cozy immutable world has to interact with the evil mutable world outside.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import freeze, thaw, v, m
+    >>> freeze([1, {'a': 3}])
+    pvector([1, pmap({'a': 3})])
+    >>> thaw(v(1, m(a=3)))
+    [1, {'a': 3}]
+
+By default, freeze will also recursively convert values inside PVectors and PMaps. This behaviour can be changed by providing freeze with the flag strict=False.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import freeze, v, m
+    >>> freeze(v(1, v(2, [3])))
+    pvector([1, pvector([2, pvector([3])])])
+    >>> freeze(v(1, v(2, [3])), strict=False)
+    pvector([1, pvector([2, [3]])])
+    >>> freeze(m(a=m(b={'c': 1})))
+    pmap({'a': pmap({'b': pmap({'c': 1})})})
+    >>> freeze(m(a=m(b={'c': 1})), strict=False)
+    pmap({'a': pmap({'b': {'c': 1}})})
+
+In this regard, thaw operates as the inverse of freeze so will thaw values inside native data structures unless passed the strict=False flag.
+
+
+Compatibility
+-------------
+
+Pyrsistent is developed and tested on Python 3.7+ and PyPy3.
+
+Performance
+-----------
+
+Pyrsistent is developed with performance in mind. Still, while some operations are nearly on par with their built in,
+mutable, counterparts in terms of speed, other operations are slower. In the cases where attempts at
+optimizations have been done, speed has generally been valued over space.
+
+Pyrsistent comes with two API compatible flavors of PVector (on which PMap and PSet are based), one pure Python
+implementation and one implemented as a C extension. The latter generally being 2 - 20 times faster than the former.
+The C extension will be used automatically when possible.
+
+The pure python implementation is fully PyPy compatible. Running it under PyPy speeds operations up considerably if
+the structures are used heavily (if JITed), for some cases the performance is almost on par with the built in counterparts.
+
+Type hints
+----------
+
+PEP 561 style type hints for use with mypy and various editors are available for most types and functions in pyrsistent.
+
+Type classes for annotating your own code with pyrsistent types are also available under pyrsistent.typing.
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+pip install pyrsistent
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+
+Available at http://pyrsistent.readthedocs.org/
+
+Brief presentation available at http://slides.com/tobiasgustafsson/immutability-and-python/
+
+Contributors
+------------
+
+Tobias Gustafsson https://github.com/tobgu
+
+Christopher Armstrong https://github.com/radix
+
+Anders Hovmöller https://github.com/boxed
+
+Itamar Turner-Trauring https://github.com/itamarst
+
+Jonathan Lange https://github.com/jml
+
+Richard Futrell https://github.com/Futrell
+
+Jakob Hollenstein https://github.com/jkbjh
+
+David Honour https://github.com/foolswood
+
+David R. MacIver https://github.com/DRMacIver
+
+Marcus Ewert https://github.com/sarum90
+
+Jean-Paul Calderone https://github.com/exarkun
+
+Douglas Treadwell https://github.com/douglas-treadwell
+
+Travis Parker https://github.com/teepark
+
+Julian Berman https://github.com/Julian
+
+Dennis Tomas https://github.com/dtomas
+
+Neil Vyas https://github.com/neilvyas
+
+doozr https://github.com/doozr
+
+Kamil Galuszka https://github.com/galuszkak
+
+Tsuyoshi Hombashi https://github.com/thombashi
+
+nattofriends https://github.com/nattofriends
+
+agberk https://github.com/agberk
+
+Waleed Khan https://github.com/arxanas
+
+Jean-Louis Fuchs https://github.com/ganwell
+
+Carlos Corbacho https://github.com/ccorbacho
+
+Felix Yan https://github.com/felixonmars
+
+benrg https://github.com/benrg
+
+Jere Lahelma https://github.com/je-l
+
+Max Taggart https://github.com/MaxTaggart
+
+Vincent Philippon https://github.com/vphilippon
+
+Semen Zhydenko https://github.com/ss18
+
+Till Varoquaux  https://github.com/till-varoquaux
+
+Michal Kowalik https://github.com/michalvi
+
+ossdev07 https://github.com/ossdev07
+
+Kerry Olesen https://github.com/qhesz
+
+johnthagen https://github.com/johnthagen
+
+Bastien Vallet https://github.com/djailla
+
+Ram Rachum  https://github.com/cool-RR
+
+Vincent Philippon https://github.com/vphilippon
+
+Andrey Bienkowski https://github.com/hexagonrecursion
+
+Ethan McCue https://github.com/bowbahdoe
+
+Jason R. Coombs https://github.com/jaraco
+
+Nathan https://github.com/ndowens
+
+Geert Barentsen https://github.com/barentsen
+
+phil-arh https://github.com/phil-arh
+
+Tamás Nepusz https://github.com/ntamas
+
+Hugo van Kemenade https://github.com/hugovk
+
+Ben Beasley https://github.com/musicinmybrain
+
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+Want to contribute? That's great! If you experience problems please log them on GitHub. If you want to contribute code,
+please fork the repository and submit a pull request.
+
+Run tests
+~~~~~~~~~
+.. _tox: https://tox.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+
+Tests can be executed using tox_.
+
+Install tox: ``pip install tox``
+
+Run test for Python 3.8: ``tox -e py38``
+
+Release
+~~~~~~~
+* `pip install -r requirements.txt`
+* Update CHANGES.txt
+* Update README.rst with any new contributors and potential info needed.
+* Update _pyrsistent_version.py
+* Commit and tag with new version: `git add -u . && git commit -m 'Prepare version vX.Y.Z' && git tag -a vX.Y.Z -m 'vX.Y.Z'`
+* Push commit and tags: `git push && git push --tags`
+* Build new release using Github actions
+
+Project status
+--------------
+Pyrsistent can be considered stable and mature (who knows, there may even be a 1.0 some day :-)). The project is
+maintained, bugs fixed, PRs reviewed and merged and new releases made. I currently do not have time for development
+of new features or functionality which I don't have use for myself. I'm more than happy to take PRs for new
+functionality though!
+
+There are a bunch of issues marked with ``enhancement`` and ``help wanted`` that contain requests for new functionality
+that would be nice to include. The level of difficulty and extend of the issues varies, please reach out to me if you're
+interested in working on any of them.
+
+If you feel that you have a grand master plan for where you would like Pyrsistent to go and have the time to put into
+it please don't hesitate to discuss this with me and submit PRs for it. If all goes well I'd be more than happy to add
+additional maintainers to the project!
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8f7eba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/RECORD
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+pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=4RgY60Kwp0PJK6JLt04o336V4SZXK5QLBlfX0jZTNlw,40
+pyrsistent/__init__.py,sha256=1cONLCDzbyDoZ_deek8Ei_iqOLI4oNseRPLF3zvmEoA,1479
+pyrsistent/__init__.pyi,sha256=xrlyeqwkRQHxsSXZEoIR_PliQBSrMiEy8TpuyRpe3mY,7188
+pyrsistent/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pyrsistent/__pycache__/_checked_types.cpython-39.pyc,,
+pyrsistent/__pycache__/_field_common.cpython-39.pyc,,
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+pyrsistent/_field_common.py,sha256=gBzLpQ0dqGI4UK7Y-ED6h20l6Dn0QkBEyrqGwbX_hWs,11963
+pyrsistent/_helpers.py,sha256=vHWFBh4FaeXUZM4Pfqw1Zjz4kaPT_td3PmG-ExY3kv0,3232
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+pyrsistent/_pclass.py,sha256=2mqz57Ojd7BpR7nJLrbMz35g414pW_ddnIEf3xPTRK4,9702
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+pyrsistent/_plist.py,sha256=dlteSIcFB4k95VFHoEwbB0YBsKwmEnY2JNeapX87hws,8293
+pyrsistent/_pmap.py,sha256=HokGiHJfmnU4dNEKnP3jkBBmCVvRyvh9orUl4FKn_Y0,14702
+pyrsistent/_precord.py,sha256=c8NTcjdSDdlXSCp40noMsLK-Zx8sPAWl8dWfbMuyzdA,7032
+pyrsistent/_pset.py,sha256=7EKtC1khGTOn702PX5yauuaqD1CZvLkZJRDGiqMvQ-4,5693
+pyrsistent/_pvector.py,sha256=tYz4cwokH9MYu0kAwafrlx-U0IJyIvxK8rFbRde_IAg,22694
+pyrsistent/_toolz.py,sha256=_FomPNhGhHO4hyIFaOeNpcbGiXRLD9dLdHhCnPYoie0,3428
+pyrsistent/_transformations.py,sha256=CF9KXf366Z2hl87a09M6NAiXDpZJ4iCEfhddJbUUNXU,3800
+pyrsistent/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+pyrsistent/typing.py,sha256=uzxxq11LHbhAcsNPnxDqORkPjy6HImGulJJ2zFBdRL0,1767
+pyrsistent/typing.pyi,sha256=Wg8-s8yeZo-WlRc_-TjBCjWV2d2vbdrw6T2oUzD7gps,10409
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7473371
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: false
+Tag: cp39-cp39-macosx_10_9_universal2
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f246072
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent-0.18.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+_pyrsistent_version
+pvectorc
+pyrsistent
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be29965
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from pyrsistent._pmap import pmap, m, PMap
+
+from pyrsistent._pvector import pvector, v, PVector
+
+from pyrsistent._pset import pset, s, PSet
+
+from pyrsistent._pbag import pbag, b, PBag
+
+from pyrsistent._plist import plist, l, PList
+
+from pyrsistent._pdeque import pdeque, dq, PDeque
+
+from pyrsistent._checked_types import (
+    CheckedPMap, CheckedPVector, CheckedPSet, InvariantException, CheckedKeyTypeError,
+    CheckedValueTypeError, CheckedType, optional)
+
+from pyrsistent._field_common import (
+    field, PTypeError, pset_field, pmap_field, pvector_field)
+
+from pyrsistent._precord import PRecord
+
+from pyrsistent._pclass import PClass, PClassMeta
+
+from pyrsistent._immutable import immutable
+
+from pyrsistent._helpers import freeze, thaw, mutant
+
+from pyrsistent._transformations import inc, discard, rex, ny
+
+from pyrsistent._toolz import get_in
+
+
+__all__ = ('pmap', 'm', 'PMap',
+           'pvector', 'v', 'PVector',
+           'pset', 's', 'PSet',
+           'pbag', 'b', 'PBag',
+           'plist', 'l', 'PList',
+           'pdeque', 'dq', 'PDeque',
+           'CheckedPMap', 'CheckedPVector', 'CheckedPSet', 'InvariantException', 'CheckedKeyTypeError', 'CheckedValueTypeError', 'CheckedType', 'optional',
+           'PRecord', 'field', 'pset_field', 'pmap_field', 'pvector_field',
+           'PClass', 'PClassMeta',
+           'immutable',
+           'freeze', 'thaw', 'mutant',
+           'get_in',
+           'inc', 'discard', 'rex', 'ny')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/__init__.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/__init__.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5909f79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/__init__.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+# flake8: noqa: E704
+# from https://gist.github.com/WuTheFWasThat/091a17d4b5cab597dfd5d4c2d96faf09
+# Stubs for pyrsistent (Python 3.6)
+
+from typing import Any
+from typing import AnyStr
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import MutableMapping
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import Set
+from typing import Union
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Type
+from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import overload
+
+# see commit 08519aa for explanation of the re-export
+from pyrsistent.typing import CheckedKeyTypeError as CheckedKeyTypeError
+from pyrsistent.typing import CheckedPMap as CheckedPMap
+from pyrsistent.typing import CheckedPSet as CheckedPSet
+from pyrsistent.typing import CheckedPVector as CheckedPVector
+from pyrsistent.typing import CheckedType as CheckedType
+from pyrsistent.typing import CheckedValueTypeError as CheckedValueTypeError
+from pyrsistent.typing import InvariantException as InvariantException
+from pyrsistent.typing import PClass as PClass
+from pyrsistent.typing import PBag as PBag
+from pyrsistent.typing import PDeque as PDeque
+from pyrsistent.typing import PList as PList
+from pyrsistent.typing import PMap as PMap
+from pyrsistent.typing import PMapEvolver as PMapEvolver
+from pyrsistent.typing import PSet as PSet
+from pyrsistent.typing import PSetEvolver as PSetEvolver
+from pyrsistent.typing import PTypeError as PTypeError
+from pyrsistent.typing import PVector as PVector
+from pyrsistent.typing import PVectorEvolver as PVectorEvolver
+
+T = TypeVar('T')
+KT = TypeVar('KT')
+VT = TypeVar('VT')
+
+def pmap(initial: Union[Mapping[KT, VT], Iterable[Tuple[KT, VT]]] = {}, pre_size: int = 0) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ...
+def m(**kwargs: VT) -> PMap[str, VT]: ...
+
+def pvector(iterable: Iterable[T] = ...) -> PVector[T]: ...
+def v(*iterable: T) -> PVector[T]: ...
+
+def pset(iterable: Iterable[T] = (), pre_size: int = 8) -> PSet[T]: ...
+def s(*iterable: T) -> PSet[T]: ...
+
+# see class_test.py for use cases
+Invariant = Tuple[bool, Optional[Union[str, Callable[[], str]]]]
+
+@overload
+def field(
+    type: Union[Type[T], Sequence[Type[T]]] = ...,
+    invariant: Callable[[Any], Union[Invariant, Iterable[Invariant]]] = lambda _: (True, None),
+    initial: Any = object(),
+    mandatory: bool = False,
+    factory: Callable[[Any], T] = lambda x: x,
+    serializer: Callable[[Any, T], Any] = lambda _, value: value,
+) -> T: ...
+# The actual return value (_PField) is irrelevant after a PRecord has been instantiated,
+# see https://github.com/tobgu/pyrsistent/blob/master/pyrsistent/_precord.py#L10
+@overload
+def field(
+    type: Any = ...,
+    invariant: Callable[[Any], Union[Invariant, Iterable[Invariant]]] = lambda _: (True, None),
+    initial: Any = object(),
+    mandatory: bool = False,
+    factory: Callable[[Any], Any] = lambda x: x,
+    serializer: Callable[[Any, Any], Any] = lambda _, value: value,
+) -> Any: ...
+
+# Use precise types for the simplest use cases, but fall back to Any for
+# everything else. See record_test.py for the wide range of possible types for
+# item_type
+@overload
+def pset_field(
+    item_type: Type[T],
+    optional: bool = False,
+    initial: Iterable[T] = ...,
+) -> PSet[T]: ...
+@overload
+def pset_field(
+    item_type: Any,
+    optional: bool = False,
+    initial: Any = (),
+) -> PSet[Any]: ...
+
+@overload
+def pmap_field(
+    key_type: Type[KT],
+    value_type: Type[VT],
+    optional: bool = False,
+    invariant: Callable[[Any], Tuple[bool, Optional[str]]] = lambda _: (True, None),
+) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ...
+@overload
+def pmap_field(
+    key_type: Any,
+    value_type: Any,
+    optional: bool = False,
+    invariant: Callable[[Any], Tuple[bool, Optional[str]]] = lambda _: (True, None),
+) -> PMap[Any, Any]: ...
+
+@overload
+def pvector_field(
+    item_type: Type[T],
+    optional: bool = False,
+    initial: Iterable[T] = ...,
+) -> PVector[T]: ...
+@overload
+def pvector_field(
+    item_type: Any,
+    optional: bool = False,
+    initial: Any = (),
+) -> PVector[Any]: ...
+
+def pbag(elements: Iterable[T]) -> PBag[T]: ...
+def b(*elements: T) -> PBag[T]: ...
+
+def plist(iterable: Iterable[T] = (), reverse: bool = False) -> PList[T]: ...
+def l(*elements: T) -> PList[T]: ...
+
+def pdeque(iterable: Optional[Iterable[T]] = None, maxlen: Optional[int] = None) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+def dq(*iterable: T) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+
+@overload
+def optional(type: T) -> Tuple[T, Type[None]]: ...
+@overload
+def optional(*typs: Any) -> Tuple[Any, ...]: ...
+
+T_PRecord = TypeVar('T_PRecord', bound='PRecord')
+class PRecord(PMap[AnyStr, Any]):
+    _precord_fields: Mapping
+    _precord_initial_values: Mapping
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs: Any) -> None: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Any]: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    @classmethod
+    def create(
+        cls: Type[T_PRecord],
+        kwargs: Mapping,
+        _factory_fields: Optional[Iterable] = None,
+        ignore_extra: bool = False,
+    ) -> T_PRecord: ...
+    # This is OK because T_PRecord is a concrete type
+    def discard(self: T_PRecord, key: KT) -> T_PRecord: ...
+    def remove(self: T_PRecord, key: KT) -> T_PRecord: ...
+
+    def serialize(self, format: Optional[Any] = ...) -> MutableMapping: ...
+
+    # From pyrsistent documentation:
+    #   This set function differs slightly from that in the PMap
+    #   class. First of all it accepts key-value pairs. Second it accepts multiple key-value
+    #   pairs to perform one, atomic, update of multiple fields.
+    @overload
+    def set(self, key: KT, val: VT) -> Any: ...
+    @overload
+    def set(self, **kwargs: VT) -> Any: ...
+
+def immutable(
+    members: Union[str, Iterable[str]] = '',
+    name: str = 'Immutable',
+    verbose: bool = False,
+) -> Tuple: ...  # actually a namedtuple
+
+# ignore mypy warning "Overloaded function signatures 1 and 5 overlap with
+# incompatible return types"
+@overload
+def freeze(o: Mapping[KT, VT]) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ... # type: ignore
+@overload
+def freeze(o: List[T]) -> PVector[T]: ... # type: ignore
+@overload
+def freeze(o: Tuple[T, ...]) -> Tuple[T, ...]: ...
+@overload
+def freeze(o: Set[T]) -> PSet[T]: ... # type: ignore
+@overload
+def freeze(o: T) -> T: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def thaw(o: PMap[KT, VT]) -> MutableMapping[KT, VT]: ... # type: ignore
+@overload
+def thaw(o: PVector[T]) -> List[T]: ... # type: ignore
+@overload
+def thaw(o: Tuple[T, ...]) -> Tuple[T, ...]: ...
+# collections.abc.MutableSet is kind of garbage:
+# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24977898/why-does-collections-mutableset-not-bestow-an-update-method
+@overload
+def thaw(o: PSet[T]) -> Set[T]: ... # type: ignore
+@overload
+def thaw(o: T) -> T: ...
+
+def mutant(fn: Callable) -> Callable: ...
+
+def inc(x: int) -> int: ...
+@overload
+def discard(evolver: PMapEvolver[KT, VT], key: KT) -> None: ...
+@overload
+def discard(evolver: PVectorEvolver[T], key: int) -> None: ...
+@overload
+def discard(evolver: PSetEvolver[T], key: T) -> None: ...
+def rex(expr: str) -> Callable[[Any], bool]: ...
+def ny(_: Any) -> bool: ...
+
+def get_in(keys: Iterable, coll: Mapping, default: Optional[Any] = None, no_default: bool = False) -> Any: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_checked_types.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_checked_types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ab8c2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_checked_types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,542 @@
+from enum import Enum
+
+from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+
+from pyrsistent._pmap import PMap, pmap
+from pyrsistent._pset import PSet, pset
+from pyrsistent._pvector import PythonPVector, python_pvector
+
+
+class CheckedType(object):
+    """
+    Marker class to enable creation and serialization of checked object graphs.
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def create(cls, source_data, _factory_fields=None):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def serialize(self, format=None):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+def _restore_pickle(cls, data):
+    return cls.create(data, _factory_fields=set())
+
+
+class InvariantException(Exception):
+    """
+    Exception raised from a :py:class:`CheckedType` when invariant tests fail or when a mandatory
+    field is missing.
+
+    Contains two fields of interest:
+    invariant_errors, a tuple of error data for the failing invariants
+    missing_fields, a tuple of strings specifying the missing names
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, error_codes=(), missing_fields=(), *args, **kwargs):
+        self.invariant_errors = tuple(e() if callable(e) else e for e in error_codes)
+        self.missing_fields = missing_fields
+        super(InvariantException, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return super(InvariantException, self).__str__() + \
+            ", invariant_errors=[{invariant_errors}], missing_fields=[{missing_fields}]".format(
+            invariant_errors=', '.join(str(e) for e in self.invariant_errors),
+            missing_fields=', '.join(self.missing_fields))
+
+
+_preserved_iterable_types = (
+    Enum,
+)
+"""Some types are themselves iterable, but we want to use the type itself and
+not its members for the type specification. This defines a set of such types
+that we explicitly preserve.
+
+Note that strings are not such types because the string inputs we pass in are
+values, not types.
+"""
+
+
+def maybe_parse_user_type(t):
+    """Try to coerce a user-supplied type directive into a list of types.
+
+    This function should be used in all places where a user specifies a type,
+    for consistency.
+
+    The policy for what defines valid user input should be clear from the implementation.
+    """
+    is_type = isinstance(t, type)
+    is_preserved = isinstance(t, type) and issubclass(t, _preserved_iterable_types)
+    is_string = isinstance(t, str)
+    is_iterable = isinstance(t, Iterable)
+
+    if is_preserved:
+        return [t]
+    elif is_string:
+        return [t]
+    elif is_type and not is_iterable:
+        return [t]
+    elif is_iterable:
+        # Recur to validate contained types as well.
+        ts = t
+        return tuple(e for t in ts for e in maybe_parse_user_type(t))
+    else:
+        # If this raises because `t` cannot be formatted, so be it.
+        raise TypeError(
+            'Type specifications must be types or strings. Input: {}'.format(t)
+        )
+
+
+def maybe_parse_many_user_types(ts):
+    # Just a different name to communicate that you're parsing multiple user
+    # inputs. `maybe_parse_user_type` handles the iterable case anyway.
+    return maybe_parse_user_type(ts)
+
+
+def _store_types(dct, bases, destination_name, source_name):
+    maybe_types = maybe_parse_many_user_types([
+        d[source_name]
+        for d in ([dct] + [b.__dict__ for b in bases]) if source_name in d
+    ])
+
+    dct[destination_name] = maybe_types
+
+
+def _merge_invariant_results(result):
+    verdict = True
+    data = []
+    for verd, dat in result:
+        if not verd:
+            verdict = False
+            data.append(dat)
+
+    return verdict, tuple(data)
+
+
+def wrap_invariant(invariant):
+    # Invariant functions may return the outcome of several tests
+    # In those cases the results have to be merged before being passed
+    # back to the client.
+    def f(*args, **kwargs):
+        result = invariant(*args, **kwargs)
+        if isinstance(result[0], bool):
+            return result
+
+        return _merge_invariant_results(result)
+
+    return f
+
+
+def _all_dicts(bases, seen=None):
+    """
+    Yield each class in ``bases`` and each of their base classes.
+    """
+    if seen is None:
+        seen = set()
+    for cls in bases:
+        if cls in seen:
+            continue
+        seen.add(cls)
+        yield cls.__dict__
+        for b in _all_dicts(cls.__bases__, seen):
+            yield b
+
+
+def store_invariants(dct, bases, destination_name, source_name):
+    # Invariants are inherited
+    invariants = []
+    for ns in [dct] + list(_all_dicts(bases)):
+        try:
+            invariant = ns[source_name]
+        except KeyError:
+            continue
+        invariants.append(invariant)
+
+    if not all(callable(invariant) for invariant in invariants):
+        raise TypeError('Invariants must be callable')
+    dct[destination_name] = tuple(wrap_invariant(inv) for inv in invariants)
+
+
+class _CheckedTypeMeta(ABCMeta):
+    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, dct):
+        _store_types(dct, bases, '_checked_types', '__type__')
+        store_invariants(dct, bases, '_checked_invariants', '__invariant__')
+
+        def default_serializer(self, _, value):
+            if isinstance(value, CheckedType):
+                return value.serialize()
+            return value
+
+        dct.setdefault('__serializer__', default_serializer)
+
+        dct['__slots__'] = ()
+
+        return super(_CheckedTypeMeta, mcs).__new__(mcs, name, bases, dct)
+
+
+class CheckedTypeError(TypeError):
+    def __init__(self, source_class, expected_types, actual_type, actual_value, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(CheckedTypeError, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.source_class = source_class
+        self.expected_types = expected_types
+        self.actual_type = actual_type
+        self.actual_value = actual_value
+
+
+class CheckedKeyTypeError(CheckedTypeError):
+    """
+    Raised when trying to set a value using a key with a type that doesn't match the declared type.
+
+    Attributes:
+    source_class -- The class of the collection
+    expected_types  -- Allowed types
+    actual_type -- The non matching type
+    actual_value -- Value of the variable with the non matching type
+    """
+    pass
+
+
+class CheckedValueTypeError(CheckedTypeError):
+    """
+    Raised when trying to set a value using a key with a type that doesn't match the declared type.
+
+    Attributes:
+    source_class -- The class of the collection
+    expected_types  -- Allowed types
+    actual_type -- The non matching type
+    actual_value -- Value of the variable with the non matching type
+    """
+    pass
+
+
+def _get_class(type_name):
+    module_name, class_name = type_name.rsplit('.', 1)
+    module = __import__(module_name, fromlist=[class_name])
+    return getattr(module, class_name)
+
+
+def get_type(typ):
+    if isinstance(typ, type):
+        return typ
+
+    return _get_class(typ)
+
+
+def get_types(typs):
+    return [get_type(typ) for typ in typs]
+
+
+def _check_types(it, expected_types, source_class, exception_type=CheckedValueTypeError):
+    if expected_types:
+        for e in it:
+            if not any(isinstance(e, get_type(t)) for t in expected_types):
+                actual_type = type(e)
+                msg = "Type {source_class} can only be used with {expected_types}, not {actual_type}".format(
+                    source_class=source_class.__name__,
+                    expected_types=tuple(get_type(et).__name__ for et in expected_types),
+                    actual_type=actual_type.__name__)
+                raise exception_type(source_class, expected_types, actual_type, e, msg)
+
+
+def _invariant_errors(elem, invariants):
+    return [data for valid, data in (invariant(elem) for invariant in invariants) if not valid]
+
+
+def _invariant_errors_iterable(it, invariants):
+    return sum([_invariant_errors(elem, invariants) for elem in it], [])
+
+
+def optional(*typs):
+    """ Convenience function to specify that a value may be of any of the types in type 'typs' or None """
+    return tuple(typs) + (type(None),)
+
+
+def _checked_type_create(cls, source_data, _factory_fields=None, ignore_extra=False):
+    if isinstance(source_data, cls):
+        return source_data
+
+    # Recursively apply create methods of checked types if the types of the supplied data
+    # does not match any of the valid types.
+    types = get_types(cls._checked_types)
+    checked_type = next((t for t in types if issubclass(t, CheckedType)), None)
+    if checked_type:
+        return cls([checked_type.create(data, ignore_extra=ignore_extra)
+                    if not any(isinstance(data, t) for t in types) else data
+                    for data in source_data])
+
+    return cls(source_data)
+
+class CheckedPVector(PythonPVector, CheckedType, metaclass=_CheckedTypeMeta):
+    """
+    A CheckedPVector is a PVector which allows specifying type and invariant checks.
+
+    >>> class Positives(CheckedPVector):
+    ...     __type__ = (int, float)
+    ...     __invariant__ = lambda n: (n >= 0, 'Negative')
+    ...
+    >>> Positives([1, 2, 3])
+    Positives([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __new__(cls, initial=()):
+        if type(initial) == PythonPVector:
+            return super(CheckedPVector, cls).__new__(cls, initial._count, initial._shift, initial._root, initial._tail)
+
+        return CheckedPVector.Evolver(cls, python_pvector()).extend(initial).persistent()
+
+    def set(self, key, value):
+        return self.evolver().set(key, value).persistent()
+
+    def append(self, val):
+        return self.evolver().append(val).persistent()
+
+    def extend(self, it):
+        return self.evolver().extend(it).persistent()
+
+    create = classmethod(_checked_type_create)
+
+    def serialize(self, format=None):
+        serializer = self.__serializer__
+        return list(serializer(format, v) for v in self)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        return _restore_pickle, (self.__class__, list(self),)
+
+    class Evolver(PythonPVector.Evolver):
+        __slots__ = ('_destination_class', '_invariant_errors')
+
+        def __init__(self, destination_class, vector):
+            super(CheckedPVector.Evolver, self).__init__(vector)
+            self._destination_class = destination_class
+            self._invariant_errors = []
+
+        def _check(self, it):
+            _check_types(it, self._destination_class._checked_types, self._destination_class)
+            error_data = _invariant_errors_iterable(it, self._destination_class._checked_invariants)
+            self._invariant_errors.extend(error_data)
+
+        def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+            self._check([value])
+            return super(CheckedPVector.Evolver, self).__setitem__(key, value)
+
+        def append(self, elem):
+            self._check([elem])
+            return super(CheckedPVector.Evolver, self).append(elem)
+
+        def extend(self, it):
+            it = list(it)
+            self._check(it)
+            return super(CheckedPVector.Evolver, self).extend(it)
+
+        def persistent(self):
+            if self._invariant_errors:
+                raise InvariantException(error_codes=self._invariant_errors)
+
+            result = self._orig_pvector
+            if self.is_dirty() or (self._destination_class != type(self._orig_pvector)):
+                pv = super(CheckedPVector.Evolver, self).persistent().extend(self._extra_tail)
+                result = self._destination_class(pv)
+                self._reset(result)
+
+            return result
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + "({0})".format(self.tolist())
+
+    __str__ = __repr__
+
+    def evolver(self):
+        return CheckedPVector.Evolver(self.__class__, self)
+
+
+class CheckedPSet(PSet, CheckedType, metaclass=_CheckedTypeMeta):
+    """
+    A CheckedPSet is a PSet which allows specifying type and invariant checks.
+
+    >>> class Positives(CheckedPSet):
+    ...     __type__ = (int, float)
+    ...     __invariant__ = lambda n: (n >= 0, 'Negative')
+    ...
+    >>> Positives([1, 2, 3])
+    Positives([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __new__(cls, initial=()):
+        if type(initial) is PMap:
+            return super(CheckedPSet, cls).__new__(cls, initial)
+
+        evolver = CheckedPSet.Evolver(cls, pset())
+        for e in initial:
+            evolver.add(e)
+
+        return evolver.persistent()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + super(CheckedPSet, self).__repr__()[4:]
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.__repr__()
+
+    def serialize(self, format=None):
+        serializer = self.__serializer__
+        return set(serializer(format, v) for v in self)
+
+    create = classmethod(_checked_type_create)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        return _restore_pickle, (self.__class__, list(self),)
+
+    def evolver(self):
+        return CheckedPSet.Evolver(self.__class__, self)
+
+    class Evolver(PSet._Evolver):
+        __slots__ = ('_destination_class', '_invariant_errors')
+
+        def __init__(self, destination_class, original_set):
+            super(CheckedPSet.Evolver, self).__init__(original_set)
+            self._destination_class = destination_class
+            self._invariant_errors = []
+
+        def _check(self, it):
+            _check_types(it, self._destination_class._checked_types, self._destination_class)
+            error_data = _invariant_errors_iterable(it, self._destination_class._checked_invariants)
+            self._invariant_errors.extend(error_data)
+
+        def add(self, element):
+            self._check([element])
+            self._pmap_evolver[element] = True
+            return self
+
+        def persistent(self):
+            if self._invariant_errors:
+                raise InvariantException(error_codes=self._invariant_errors)
+
+            if self.is_dirty() or self._destination_class != type(self._original_pset):
+                return self._destination_class(self._pmap_evolver.persistent())
+
+            return self._original_pset
+
+
+class _CheckedMapTypeMeta(type):
+    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, dct):
+        _store_types(dct, bases, '_checked_key_types', '__key_type__')
+        _store_types(dct, bases, '_checked_value_types', '__value_type__')
+        store_invariants(dct, bases, '_checked_invariants', '__invariant__')
+
+        def default_serializer(self, _, key, value):
+            sk = key
+            if isinstance(key, CheckedType):
+                sk = key.serialize()
+
+            sv = value
+            if isinstance(value, CheckedType):
+                sv = value.serialize()
+
+            return sk, sv
+
+        dct.setdefault('__serializer__', default_serializer)
+
+        dct['__slots__'] = ()
+
+        return super(_CheckedMapTypeMeta, mcs).__new__(mcs, name, bases, dct)
+
+# Marker object
+_UNDEFINED_CHECKED_PMAP_SIZE = object()
+
+
+class CheckedPMap(PMap, CheckedType, metaclass=_CheckedMapTypeMeta):
+    """
+    A CheckedPMap is a PMap which allows specifying type and invariant checks.
+
+    >>> class IntToFloatMap(CheckedPMap):
+    ...     __key_type__ = int
+    ...     __value_type__ = float
+    ...     __invariant__ = lambda k, v: (int(v) == k, 'Invalid mapping')
+    ...
+    >>> IntToFloatMap({1: 1.5, 2: 2.25})
+    IntToFloatMap({1: 1.5, 2: 2.25})
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __new__(cls, initial={}, size=_UNDEFINED_CHECKED_PMAP_SIZE):
+        if size is not _UNDEFINED_CHECKED_PMAP_SIZE:
+            return super(CheckedPMap, cls).__new__(cls, size, initial)
+
+        evolver = CheckedPMap.Evolver(cls, pmap())
+        for k, v in initial.items():
+            evolver.set(k, v)
+
+        return evolver.persistent()
+
+    def evolver(self):
+        return CheckedPMap.Evolver(self.__class__, self)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + "({0})".format(str(dict(self)))
+
+    __str__ = __repr__
+
+    def serialize(self, format=None):
+        serializer = self.__serializer__
+        return dict(serializer(format, k, v) for k, v in self.items())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, source_data, _factory_fields=None):
+        if isinstance(source_data, cls):
+            return source_data
+
+        # Recursively apply create methods of checked types if the types of the supplied data
+        # does not match any of the valid types.
+        key_types = get_types(cls._checked_key_types)
+        checked_key_type = next((t for t in key_types if issubclass(t, CheckedType)), None)
+        value_types = get_types(cls._checked_value_types)
+        checked_value_type = next((t for t in value_types if issubclass(t, CheckedType)), None)
+
+        if checked_key_type or checked_value_type:
+            return cls(dict((checked_key_type.create(key) if checked_key_type and not any(isinstance(key, t) for t in key_types) else key,
+                             checked_value_type.create(value) if checked_value_type and not any(isinstance(value, t) for t in value_types) else value)
+                            for key, value in source_data.items()))
+
+        return cls(source_data)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        return _restore_pickle, (self.__class__, dict(self),)
+
+    class Evolver(PMap._Evolver):
+        __slots__ = ('_destination_class', '_invariant_errors')
+
+        def __init__(self, destination_class, original_map):
+            super(CheckedPMap.Evolver, self).__init__(original_map)
+            self._destination_class = destination_class
+            self._invariant_errors = []
+
+        def set(self, key, value):
+            _check_types([key], self._destination_class._checked_key_types, self._destination_class, CheckedKeyTypeError)
+            _check_types([value], self._destination_class._checked_value_types, self._destination_class)
+            self._invariant_errors.extend(data for valid, data in (invariant(key, value)
+                                                                   for invariant in self._destination_class._checked_invariants)
+                                          if not valid)
+
+            return super(CheckedPMap.Evolver, self).set(key, value)
+
+        def persistent(self):
+            if self._invariant_errors:
+                raise InvariantException(error_codes=self._invariant_errors)
+
+            if self.is_dirty() or type(self._original_pmap) != self._destination_class:
+                return self._destination_class(self._buckets_evolver.persistent(), self._size)
+
+            return self._original_pmap
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_field_common.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_field_common.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..508dd2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_field_common.py
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+from pyrsistent._checked_types import (
+    CheckedPMap,
+    CheckedPSet,
+    CheckedPVector,
+    CheckedType,
+    InvariantException,
+    _restore_pickle,
+    get_type,
+    maybe_parse_user_type,
+    maybe_parse_many_user_types,
+)
+from pyrsistent._checked_types import optional as optional_type
+from pyrsistent._checked_types import wrap_invariant
+import inspect
+
+
+def set_fields(dct, bases, name):
+    dct[name] = dict(sum([list(b.__dict__.get(name, {}).items()) for b in bases], []))
+
+    for k, v in list(dct.items()):
+        if isinstance(v, _PField):
+            dct[name][k] = v
+            del dct[k]
+
+
+def check_global_invariants(subject, invariants):
+    error_codes = tuple(error_code for is_ok, error_code in
+                        (invariant(subject) for invariant in invariants) if not is_ok)
+    if error_codes:
+        raise InvariantException(error_codes, (), 'Global invariant failed')
+
+
+def serialize(serializer, format, value):
+    if isinstance(value, CheckedType) and serializer is PFIELD_NO_SERIALIZER:
+        return value.serialize(format)
+
+    return serializer(format, value)
+
+
+def check_type(destination_cls, field, name, value):
+    if field.type and not any(isinstance(value, get_type(t)) for t in field.type):
+        actual_type = type(value)
+        message = "Invalid type for field {0}.{1}, was {2}".format(destination_cls.__name__, name, actual_type.__name__)
+        raise PTypeError(destination_cls, name, field.type, actual_type, message)
+
+
+def is_type_cls(type_cls, field_type):
+    if type(field_type) is set:
+        return True
+    types = tuple(field_type)
+    if len(types) == 0:
+        return False
+    return issubclass(get_type(types[0]), type_cls)
+
+
+def is_field_ignore_extra_complaint(type_cls, field, ignore_extra):
+    # ignore_extra param has default False value, for speed purpose no need to propagate False
+    if not ignore_extra:
+        return False
+
+    if not is_type_cls(type_cls, field.type):
+        return False
+
+    return 'ignore_extra' in inspect.signature(field.factory).parameters
+
+
+
+class _PField(object):
+    __slots__ = ('type', 'invariant', 'initial', 'mandatory', '_factory', 'serializer')
+
+    def __init__(self, type, invariant, initial, mandatory, factory, serializer):
+        self.type = type
+        self.invariant = invariant
+        self.initial = initial
+        self.mandatory = mandatory
+        self._factory = factory
+        self.serializer = serializer
+
+    @property
+    def factory(self):
+        # If no factory is specified and the type is another CheckedType use the factory method of that CheckedType
+        if self._factory is PFIELD_NO_FACTORY and len(self.type) == 1:
+            typ = get_type(tuple(self.type)[0])
+            if issubclass(typ, CheckedType):
+                return typ.create
+
+        return self._factory
+
+PFIELD_NO_TYPE = ()
+PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT = lambda _: (True, None)
+PFIELD_NO_FACTORY = lambda x: x
+PFIELD_NO_INITIAL = object()
+PFIELD_NO_SERIALIZER = lambda _, value: value
+
+
+def field(type=PFIELD_NO_TYPE, invariant=PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT, initial=PFIELD_NO_INITIAL,
+          mandatory=False, factory=PFIELD_NO_FACTORY, serializer=PFIELD_NO_SERIALIZER):
+    """
+    Field specification factory for :py:class:`PRecord`.
+
+    :param type: a type or iterable with types that are allowed for this field
+    :param invariant: a function specifying an invariant that must hold for the field
+    :param initial: value of field if not specified when instantiating the record
+    :param mandatory: boolean specifying if the field is mandatory or not
+    :param factory: function called when field is set.
+    :param serializer: function that returns a serialized version of the field
+    """
+
+    # NB: We have to check this predicate separately from the predicates in
+    # `maybe_parse_user_type` et al. because this one is related to supporting
+    # the argspec for `field`, while those are related to supporting the valid
+    # ways to specify types.
+
+    # Multiple types must be passed in one of the following containers. Note
+    # that a type that is a subclass of one of these containers, like a
+    # `collections.namedtuple`, will work as expected, since we check
+    # `isinstance` and not `issubclass`.
+    if isinstance(type, (list, set, tuple)):
+        types = set(maybe_parse_many_user_types(type))
+    else:
+        types = set(maybe_parse_user_type(type))
+
+    invariant_function = wrap_invariant(invariant) if invariant != PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT and callable(invariant) else invariant
+    field = _PField(type=types, invariant=invariant_function, initial=initial,
+                    mandatory=mandatory, factory=factory, serializer=serializer)
+
+    _check_field_parameters(field)
+
+    return field
+
+
+def _check_field_parameters(field):
+    for t in field.type:
+        if not isinstance(t, type) and not isinstance(t, str):
+            raise TypeError('Type parameter expected, not {0}'.format(type(t)))
+
+    if field.initial is not PFIELD_NO_INITIAL and \
+            not callable(field.initial) and \
+            field.type and not any(isinstance(field.initial, t) for t in field.type):
+        raise TypeError('Initial has invalid type {0}'.format(type(field.initial)))
+
+    if not callable(field.invariant):
+        raise TypeError('Invariant must be callable')
+
+    if not callable(field.factory):
+        raise TypeError('Factory must be callable')
+
+    if not callable(field.serializer):
+        raise TypeError('Serializer must be callable')
+
+
+class PTypeError(TypeError):
+    """
+    Raised when trying to assign a value with a type that doesn't match the declared type.
+
+    Attributes:
+    source_class -- The class of the record
+    field -- Field name
+    expected_types  -- Types allowed for the field
+    actual_type -- The non matching type
+    """
+    def __init__(self, source_class, field, expected_types, actual_type, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(PTypeError, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.source_class = source_class
+        self.field = field
+        self.expected_types = expected_types
+        self.actual_type = actual_type
+
+
+SEQ_FIELD_TYPE_SUFFIXES = {
+    CheckedPVector: "PVector",
+    CheckedPSet: "PSet",
+}
+
+# Global dictionary to hold auto-generated field types: used for unpickling
+_seq_field_types = {}
+
+def _restore_seq_field_pickle(checked_class, item_type, data):
+    """Unpickling function for auto-generated PVec/PSet field types."""
+    type_ = _seq_field_types[checked_class, item_type]
+    return _restore_pickle(type_, data)
+
+def _types_to_names(types):
+    """Convert a tuple of types to a human-readable string."""
+    return "".join(get_type(typ).__name__.capitalize() for typ in types)
+
+def _make_seq_field_type(checked_class, item_type, item_invariant):
+    """Create a subclass of the given checked class with the given item type."""
+    type_ = _seq_field_types.get((checked_class, item_type))
+    if type_ is not None:
+        return type_
+
+    class TheType(checked_class):
+        __type__ = item_type
+        __invariant__ = item_invariant
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            return (_restore_seq_field_pickle,
+                    (checked_class, item_type, list(self)))
+
+    suffix = SEQ_FIELD_TYPE_SUFFIXES[checked_class]
+    TheType.__name__ = _types_to_names(TheType._checked_types) + suffix
+    _seq_field_types[checked_class, item_type] = TheType
+    return TheType
+
+def _sequence_field(checked_class, item_type, optional, initial,
+                    invariant=PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT,
+                    item_invariant=PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT):
+    """
+    Create checked field for either ``PSet`` or ``PVector``.
+
+    :param checked_class: ``CheckedPSet`` or ``CheckedPVector``.
+    :param item_type: The required type for the items in the set.
+    :param optional: If true, ``None`` can be used as a value for
+        this field.
+    :param initial: Initial value to pass to factory.
+
+    :return: A ``field`` containing a checked class.
+    """
+    TheType = _make_seq_field_type(checked_class, item_type, item_invariant)
+
+    if optional:
+        def factory(argument, _factory_fields=None, ignore_extra=False):
+            if argument is None:
+                return None
+            else:
+                return TheType.create(argument, _factory_fields=_factory_fields, ignore_extra=ignore_extra)
+    else:
+        factory = TheType.create
+
+    return field(type=optional_type(TheType) if optional else TheType,
+                 factory=factory, mandatory=True,
+                 invariant=invariant,
+                 initial=factory(initial))
+
+
+def pset_field(item_type, optional=False, initial=(),
+               invariant=PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT,
+               item_invariant=PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT):
+    """
+    Create checked ``PSet`` field.
+
+    :param item_type: The required type for the items in the set.
+    :param optional: If true, ``None`` can be used as a value for
+        this field.
+    :param initial: Initial value to pass to factory if no value is given
+        for the field.
+
+    :return: A ``field`` containing a ``CheckedPSet`` of the given type.
+    """
+    return _sequence_field(CheckedPSet, item_type, optional, initial,
+                           invariant=invariant,
+                           item_invariant=item_invariant)
+
+
+def pvector_field(item_type, optional=False, initial=(),
+                  invariant=PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT,
+                  item_invariant=PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT):
+    """
+    Create checked ``PVector`` field.
+
+    :param item_type: The required type for the items in the vector.
+    :param optional: If true, ``None`` can be used as a value for
+        this field.
+    :param initial: Initial value to pass to factory if no value is given
+        for the field.
+
+    :return: A ``field`` containing a ``CheckedPVector`` of the given type.
+    """
+    return _sequence_field(CheckedPVector, item_type, optional, initial,
+                           invariant=invariant,
+                           item_invariant=item_invariant)
+
+
+_valid = lambda item: (True, "")
+
+
+# Global dictionary to hold auto-generated field types: used for unpickling
+_pmap_field_types = {}
+
+def _restore_pmap_field_pickle(key_type, value_type, data):
+    """Unpickling function for auto-generated PMap field types."""
+    type_ = _pmap_field_types[key_type, value_type]
+    return _restore_pickle(type_, data)
+
+def _make_pmap_field_type(key_type, value_type):
+    """Create a subclass of CheckedPMap with the given key and value types."""
+    type_ = _pmap_field_types.get((key_type, value_type))
+    if type_ is not None:
+        return type_
+
+    class TheMap(CheckedPMap):
+        __key_type__ = key_type
+        __value_type__ = value_type
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            return (_restore_pmap_field_pickle,
+                    (self.__key_type__, self.__value_type__, dict(self)))
+
+    TheMap.__name__ = "{0}To{1}PMap".format(
+        _types_to_names(TheMap._checked_key_types),
+        _types_to_names(TheMap._checked_value_types))
+    _pmap_field_types[key_type, value_type] = TheMap
+    return TheMap
+
+
+def pmap_field(key_type, value_type, optional=False, invariant=PFIELD_NO_INVARIANT):
+    """
+    Create a checked ``PMap`` field.
+
+    :param key: The required type for the keys of the map.
+    :param value: The required type for the values of the map.
+    :param optional: If true, ``None`` can be used as a value for
+        this field.
+    :param invariant: Pass-through to ``field``.
+
+    :return: A ``field`` containing a ``CheckedPMap``.
+    """
+    TheMap = _make_pmap_field_type(key_type, value_type)
+
+    if optional:
+        def factory(argument):
+            if argument is None:
+                return None
+            else:
+                return TheMap.create(argument)
+    else:
+        factory = TheMap.create
+
+    return field(mandatory=True, initial=TheMap(),
+                 type=optional_type(TheMap) if optional else TheMap,
+                 factory=factory, invariant=invariant)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_helpers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1320e65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+from functools import wraps
+from pyrsistent._pmap import PMap, pmap
+from pyrsistent._pset import PSet, pset
+from pyrsistent._pvector import PVector, pvector
+
+def freeze(o, strict=True):
+    """
+    Recursively convert simple Python containers into pyrsistent versions
+    of those containers.
+
+    - list is converted to pvector, recursively
+    - dict is converted to pmap, recursively on values (but not keys)
+    - set is converted to pset, but not recursively
+    - tuple is converted to tuple, recursively.
+
+    If strict == True (default):
+
+    - freeze is called on elements of pvectors
+    - freeze is called on values of pmaps
+
+    Sets and dict keys are not recursively frozen because they do not contain
+    mutable data by convention. The main exception to this rule is that
+    dict keys and set elements are often instances of mutable objects that
+    support hash-by-id, which this function can't convert anyway.
+
+    >>> freeze(set([1, 2]))
+    pset([1, 2])
+    >>> freeze([1, {'a': 3}])
+    pvector([1, pmap({'a': 3})])
+    >>> freeze((1, []))
+    (1, pvector([]))
+    """
+    typ = type(o)
+    if typ is dict or (strict and isinstance(o, PMap)):
+        return pmap({k: freeze(v, strict) for k, v in o.items()})
+    if typ is list or (strict and isinstance(o, PVector)):
+        curried_freeze = lambda x: freeze(x, strict)
+        return pvector(map(curried_freeze, o))
+    if typ is tuple:
+        curried_freeze = lambda x: freeze(x, strict)
+        return tuple(map(curried_freeze, o))
+    if typ is set:
+        # impossible to have anything that needs freezing inside a set or pset
+        return pset(o)
+    return o
+
+
+def thaw(o, strict=True):
+    """
+    Recursively convert pyrsistent containers into simple Python containers.
+
+    - pvector is converted to list, recursively
+    - pmap is converted to dict, recursively on values (but not keys)
+    - pset is converted to set, but not recursively
+    - tuple is converted to tuple, recursively.
+
+    If strict == True (the default):
+
+    - thaw is called on elements of lists
+    - thaw is called on values in dicts
+
+    >>> from pyrsistent import s, m, v
+    >>> thaw(s(1, 2))
+    {1, 2}
+    >>> thaw(v(1, m(a=3)))
+    [1, {'a': 3}]
+    >>> thaw((1, v()))
+    (1, [])
+    """
+    typ = type(o)
+    if isinstance(o, PVector) or (strict and typ is list):
+        curried_thaw = lambda x: thaw(x, strict)
+        return list(map(curried_thaw, o))
+    if isinstance(o, PMap) or (strict and typ is dict):
+        return {k: thaw(v, strict) for k, v in o.items()}
+    if typ is tuple:
+        curried_thaw = lambda x: thaw(x, strict)
+        return tuple(map(curried_thaw, o))
+    if isinstance(o, PSet):
+        # impossible to thaw inside psets or sets
+        return set(o)
+    return o
+
+
+def mutant(fn):
+    """
+    Convenience decorator to isolate mutation to within the decorated function (with respect
+    to the input arguments).
+
+    All arguments to the decorated function will be frozen so that they are guaranteed not to change.
+    The return value is also frozen.
+    """
+    @wraps(fn)
+    def inner_f(*args, **kwargs):
+        return freeze(fn(*[freeze(e) for e in args], **dict(freeze(item) for item in kwargs.items())))
+
+    return inner_f
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_immutable.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_immutable.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c75945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_immutable.py
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+import sys
+
+
+def immutable(members='', name='Immutable', verbose=False):
+    """
+    Produces a class that either can be used standalone or as a base class for persistent classes.
+
+    This is a thin wrapper around a named tuple.
+
+    Constructing a type and using it to instantiate objects:
+
+    >>> Point = immutable('x, y', name='Point')
+    >>> p = Point(1, 2)
+    >>> p2 = p.set(x=3)
+    >>> p
+    Point(x=1, y=2)
+    >>> p2
+    Point(x=3, y=2)
+
+    Inheriting from a constructed type. In this case no type name needs to be supplied:
+
+    >>> class PositivePoint(immutable('x, y')):
+    ...     __slots__ = tuple()
+    ...     def __new__(cls, x, y):
+    ...         if x > 0 and y > 0:
+    ...             return super(PositivePoint, cls).__new__(cls, x, y)
+    ...         raise Exception('Coordinates must be positive!')
+    ...
+    >>> p = PositivePoint(1, 2)
+    >>> p.set(x=3)
+    PositivePoint(x=3, y=2)
+    >>> p.set(y=-3)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    Exception: Coordinates must be positive!
+
+    The persistent class also supports the notion of frozen members. The value of a frozen member
+    cannot be updated. For example it could be used to implement an ID that should remain the same
+    over time. A frozen member is denoted by a trailing underscore.
+
+    >>> Point = immutable('x, y, id_', name='Point')
+    >>> p = Point(1, 2, id_=17)
+    >>> p.set(x=3)
+    Point(x=3, y=2, id_=17)
+    >>> p.set(id_=18)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    AttributeError: Cannot set frozen members id_
+    """
+
+    if isinstance(members, str):
+        members = members.replace(',', ' ').split()
+
+    def frozen_member_test():
+        frozen_members = ["'%s'" % f for f in members if f.endswith('_')]
+        if frozen_members:
+            return """
+        frozen_fields = fields_to_modify & set([{frozen_members}])
+        if frozen_fields:
+            raise AttributeError('Cannot set frozen members %s' % ', '.join(frozen_fields))
+            """.format(frozen_members=', '.join(frozen_members))
+
+        return ''
+
+    verbose_string = ""
+    if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+        # Verbose is no longer supported in Python 3.7
+        verbose_string = ", verbose={verbose}".format(verbose=verbose)
+
+    quoted_members = ', '.join("'%s'" % m for m in members)
+    template = """
+class {class_name}(namedtuple('ImmutableBase', [{quoted_members}]{verbose_string})):
+    __slots__ = tuple()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return super({class_name}, self).__repr__().replace('ImmutableBase', self.__class__.__name__)
+
+    def set(self, **kwargs):
+        if not kwargs:
+            return self
+
+        fields_to_modify = set(kwargs.keys())
+        if not fields_to_modify <= {member_set}:
+            raise AttributeError("'%s' is not a member" % ', '.join(fields_to_modify - {member_set}))
+
+        {frozen_member_test}
+
+        return self.__class__.__new__(self.__class__, *map(kwargs.pop, [{quoted_members}], self))
+""".format(quoted_members=quoted_members,
+               member_set="set([%s])" % quoted_members if quoted_members else 'set()',
+               frozen_member_test=frozen_member_test(),
+               verbose_string=verbose_string,
+               class_name=name)
+
+    if verbose:
+        print(template)
+
+    from collections import namedtuple
+    namespace = dict(namedtuple=namedtuple, __name__='pyrsistent_immutable')
+    try:
+        exec(template, namespace)
+    except SyntaxError as e:
+        raise SyntaxError(str(e) + ':\n' + template) from e
+
+    return namespace[name]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pbag.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pbag.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cf5840
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pbag.py
@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+from collections.abc import Container, Iterable, Sized, Hashable
+from functools import reduce
+from pyrsistent._pmap import pmap
+
+
+def _add_to_counters(counters, element):
+    return counters.set(element, counters.get(element, 0) + 1)
+
+
+class PBag(object):
+    """
+    A persistent bag/multiset type.
+
+    Requires elements to be hashable, and allows duplicates, but has no
+    ordering. Bags are hashable.
+
+    Do not instantiate directly, instead use the factory functions :py:func:`b`
+    or :py:func:`pbag` to create an instance.
+
+    Some examples:
+
+    >>> s = pbag([1, 2, 3, 1])
+    >>> s2 = s.add(4)
+    >>> s3 = s2.remove(1)
+    >>> s
+    pbag([1, 1, 2, 3])
+    >>> s2
+    pbag([1, 1, 2, 3, 4])
+    >>> s3
+    pbag([1, 2, 3, 4])
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ('_counts', '__weakref__')
+
+    def __init__(self, counts):
+        self._counts = counts
+
+    def add(self, element):
+        """
+        Add an element to the bag.
+
+        >>> s = pbag([1])
+        >>> s2 = s.add(1)
+        >>> s3 = s.add(2)
+        >>> s2
+        pbag([1, 1])
+        >>> s3
+        pbag([1, 2])
+        """
+        return PBag(_add_to_counters(self._counts, element))
+
+    def update(self, iterable):
+        """
+        Update bag with all elements in iterable.
+
+        >>> s = pbag([1])
+        >>> s.update([1, 2])
+        pbag([1, 1, 2])
+        """
+        if iterable:
+            return PBag(reduce(_add_to_counters, iterable, self._counts))
+
+        return self
+
+    def remove(self, element):
+        """
+        Remove an element from the bag.
+
+        >>> s = pbag([1, 1, 2])
+        >>> s2 = s.remove(1)
+        >>> s3 = s.remove(2)
+        >>> s2
+        pbag([1, 2])
+        >>> s3
+        pbag([1, 1])
+        """
+        if element not in self._counts:
+            raise KeyError(element)
+        elif self._counts[element] == 1:
+            newc = self._counts.remove(element)
+        else:
+            newc = self._counts.set(element, self._counts[element] - 1)
+        return PBag(newc)
+
+    def count(self, element):
+        """
+        Return the number of times an element appears.
+
+
+        >>> pbag([]).count('non-existent')
+        0
+        >>> pbag([1, 1, 2]).count(1)
+        2
+        """
+        return self._counts.get(element, 0)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        """
+        Return the length including duplicates.
+
+        >>> len(pbag([1, 1, 2]))
+        3
+        """
+        return sum(self._counts.itervalues())
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """
+        Return an iterator of all elements, including duplicates.
+
+        >>> list(pbag([1, 1, 2]))
+        [1, 1, 2]
+        >>> list(pbag([1, 2]))
+        [1, 2]
+        """
+        for elt, count in self._counts.iteritems():
+            for i in range(count):
+                yield elt
+
+    def __contains__(self, elt):
+        """
+        Check if an element is in the bag.
+
+        >>> 1 in pbag([1, 1, 2])
+        True
+        >>> 0 in pbag([1, 2])
+        False
+        """
+        return elt in self._counts
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "pbag({0})".format(list(self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """
+        Check if two bags are equivalent, honoring the number of duplicates,
+        and ignoring insertion order.
+
+        >>> pbag([1, 1, 2]) == pbag([1, 2])
+        False
+        >>> pbag([2, 1, 0]) == pbag([0, 1, 2])
+        True
+        """
+        if type(other) is not PBag:
+            raise TypeError("Can only compare PBag with PBags")
+        return self._counts == other._counts
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        raise TypeError('PBags are not orderable')
+
+    __le__ = __lt__
+    __gt__ = __lt__
+    __ge__ = __lt__
+
+    # Multiset-style operations similar to collections.Counter
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        """
+        Combine elements from two PBags.
+
+        >>> pbag([1, 2, 2]) + pbag([2, 3, 3])
+        pbag([1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3])
+        """
+        if not isinstance(other, PBag):
+            return NotImplemented
+        result = self._counts.evolver()
+        for elem, other_count in other._counts.iteritems():
+            result[elem] = self.count(elem) + other_count
+        return PBag(result.persistent())
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        """
+        Remove elements from one PBag that are present in another.
+
+        >>> pbag([1, 2, 2, 2, 3]) - pbag([2, 3, 3, 4])
+        pbag([1, 2, 2])
+        """
+        if not isinstance(other, PBag):
+            return NotImplemented
+        result = self._counts.evolver()
+        for elem, other_count in other._counts.iteritems():
+            newcount = self.count(elem) - other_count
+            if newcount > 0:
+                result[elem] = newcount
+            elif elem in self:
+                result.remove(elem)
+        return PBag(result.persistent())
+
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        """
+        Union: Keep elements that are present in either of two PBags.
+
+        >>> pbag([1, 2, 2, 2]) | pbag([2, 3, 3])
+        pbag([1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3])
+        """
+        if not isinstance(other, PBag):
+            return NotImplemented
+        result = self._counts.evolver()
+        for elem, other_count in other._counts.iteritems():
+            count = self.count(elem)
+            newcount = max(count, other_count)
+            result[elem] = newcount
+        return PBag(result.persistent())
+
+    def __and__(self, other):
+        """
+        Intersection: Only keep elements that are present in both PBags.
+
+        >>> pbag([1, 2, 2, 2]) & pbag([2, 3, 3])
+        pbag([2])
+        """
+        if not isinstance(other, PBag):
+            return NotImplemented
+        result = pmap().evolver()
+        for elem, count in self._counts.iteritems():
+            newcount = min(count, other.count(elem))
+            if newcount > 0:
+                result[elem] = newcount
+        return PBag(result.persistent())
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        """
+        Hash based on value of elements.
+
+        >>> m = pmap({pbag([1, 2]): "it's here!"})
+        >>> m[pbag([2, 1])]
+        "it's here!"
+        >>> pbag([1, 1, 2]) in m
+        False
+        """
+        return hash(self._counts)
+
+
+Container.register(PBag)
+Iterable.register(PBag)
+Sized.register(PBag)
+Hashable.register(PBag)
+
+
+def b(*elements):
+    """
+    Construct a persistent bag.
+
+    Takes an arbitrary number of arguments to insert into the new persistent
+    bag.
+
+    >>> b(1, 2, 3, 2)
+    pbag([1, 2, 2, 3])
+    """
+    return pbag(elements)
+
+
+def pbag(elements):
+    """
+    Convert an iterable to a persistent bag.
+
+    Takes an iterable with elements to insert.
+
+    >>> pbag([1, 2, 3, 2])
+    pbag([1, 2, 2, 3])
+    """
+    if not elements:
+        return _EMPTY_PBAG
+    return PBag(reduce(_add_to_counters, elements, pmap()))
+
+
+_EMPTY_PBAG = PBag(pmap())
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pclass.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pclass.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd31a95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pclass.py
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+from pyrsistent._checked_types import (InvariantException, CheckedType, _restore_pickle, store_invariants)
+from pyrsistent._field_common import (
+    set_fields, check_type, is_field_ignore_extra_complaint, PFIELD_NO_INITIAL, serialize, check_global_invariants
+)
+from pyrsistent._transformations import transform
+
+
+def _is_pclass(bases):
+    return len(bases) == 1 and bases[0] == CheckedType
+
+
+class PClassMeta(type):
+    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, dct):
+        set_fields(dct, bases, name='_pclass_fields')
+        store_invariants(dct, bases, '_pclass_invariants', '__invariant__')
+        dct['__slots__'] = ('_pclass_frozen',) + tuple(key for key in dct['_pclass_fields'])
+
+        # There must only be one __weakref__ entry in the inheritance hierarchy,
+        # lets put it on the top level class.
+        if _is_pclass(bases):
+            dct['__slots__'] += ('__weakref__',)
+
+        return super(PClassMeta, mcs).__new__(mcs, name, bases, dct)
+
+_MISSING_VALUE = object()
+
+
+def _check_and_set_attr(cls, field, name, value, result, invariant_errors):
+    check_type(cls, field, name, value)
+    is_ok, error_code = field.invariant(value)
+    if not is_ok:
+        invariant_errors.append(error_code)
+    else:
+        setattr(result, name, value)
+
+
+class PClass(CheckedType, metaclass=PClassMeta):
+    """
+    A PClass is a python class with a fixed set of specified fields. PClasses are declared as python classes inheriting
+    from PClass. It is defined the same way that PRecords are and behaves like a PRecord in all aspects except that it
+    is not a PMap and hence not a collection but rather a plain Python object.
+
+
+    More documentation and examples of PClass usage is available at https://github.com/tobgu/pyrsistent
+    """
+    def __new__(cls, **kwargs):    # Support *args?
+        result = super(PClass, cls).__new__(cls)
+        factory_fields = kwargs.pop('_factory_fields', None)
+        ignore_extra = kwargs.pop('ignore_extra', None)
+        missing_fields = []
+        invariant_errors = []
+        for name, field in cls._pclass_fields.items():
+            if name in kwargs:
+                if factory_fields is None or name in factory_fields:
+                    if is_field_ignore_extra_complaint(PClass, field, ignore_extra):
+                        value = field.factory(kwargs[name], ignore_extra=ignore_extra)
+                    else:
+                        value = field.factory(kwargs[name])
+                else:
+                    value = kwargs[name]
+                _check_and_set_attr(cls, field, name, value, result, invariant_errors)
+                del kwargs[name]
+            elif field.initial is not PFIELD_NO_INITIAL:
+                initial = field.initial() if callable(field.initial) else field.initial
+                _check_and_set_attr(
+                    cls, field, name, initial, result, invariant_errors)
+            elif field.mandatory:
+                missing_fields.append('{0}.{1}'.format(cls.__name__, name))
+
+        if invariant_errors or missing_fields:
+            raise InvariantException(tuple(invariant_errors), tuple(missing_fields), 'Field invariant failed')
+
+        if kwargs:
+            raise AttributeError("'{0}' are not among the specified fields for {1}".format(
+                ', '.join(kwargs), cls.__name__))
+
+        check_global_invariants(result, cls._pclass_invariants)
+
+        result._pclass_frozen = True
+        return result
+
+    def set(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Set a field in the instance. Returns a new instance with the updated value. The original instance remains
+        unmodified. Accepts key-value pairs or single string representing the field name and a value.
+
+        >>> from pyrsistent import PClass, field
+        >>> class AClass(PClass):
+        ...     x = field()
+        ...
+        >>> a = AClass(x=1)
+        >>> a2 = a.set(x=2)
+        >>> a3 = a.set('x', 3)
+        >>> a
+        AClass(x=1)
+        >>> a2
+        AClass(x=2)
+        >>> a3
+        AClass(x=3)
+        """
+        if args:
+            kwargs[args[0]] = args[1]
+
+        factory_fields = set(kwargs)
+
+        for key in self._pclass_fields:
+            if key not in kwargs:
+                value = getattr(self, key, _MISSING_VALUE)
+                if value is not _MISSING_VALUE:
+                    kwargs[key] = value
+
+        return self.__class__(_factory_fields=factory_fields, **kwargs)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, kwargs, _factory_fields=None, ignore_extra=False):
+        """
+        Factory method. Will create a new PClass of the current type and assign the values
+        specified in kwargs.
+
+        :param ignore_extra: A boolean which when set to True will ignore any keys which appear in kwargs that are not
+                             in the set of fields on the PClass.
+        """
+        if isinstance(kwargs, cls):
+            return kwargs
+
+        if ignore_extra:
+            kwargs = {k: kwargs[k] for k in cls._pclass_fields if k in kwargs}
+
+        return cls(_factory_fields=_factory_fields, ignore_extra=ignore_extra, **kwargs)
+
+    def serialize(self, format=None):
+        """
+        Serialize the current PClass using custom serializer functions for fields where
+        such have been supplied.
+        """
+        result = {}
+        for name in self._pclass_fields:
+            value = getattr(self, name, _MISSING_VALUE)
+            if value is not _MISSING_VALUE:
+                result[name] = serialize(self._pclass_fields[name].serializer, format, value)
+
+        return result
+
+    def transform(self, *transformations):
+        """
+        Apply transformations to the currency PClass. For more details on transformations see
+        the documentation for PMap. Transformations on PClasses do not support key matching
+        since the PClass is not a collection. Apart from that the transformations available
+        for other persistent types work as expected.
+        """
+        return transform(self, transformations)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            for name in self._pclass_fields:
+                if getattr(self, name, _MISSING_VALUE) != getattr(other, name, _MISSING_VALUE):
+                    return False
+
+            return True
+
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        # May want to optimize this by caching the hash somehow
+        return hash(tuple((key, getattr(self, key, _MISSING_VALUE)) for key in self._pclass_fields))
+
+    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
+        if getattr(self, '_pclass_frozen', False):
+            raise AttributeError("Can't set attribute, key={0}, value={1}".format(key, value))
+
+        super(PClass, self).__setattr__(key, value)
+
+    def __delattr__(self, key):
+            raise AttributeError("Can't delete attribute, key={0}, use remove()".format(key))
+
+    def _to_dict(self):
+        result = {}
+        for key in self._pclass_fields:
+            value = getattr(self, key, _MISSING_VALUE)
+            if value is not _MISSING_VALUE:
+                result[key] = value
+
+        return result
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "{0}({1})".format(self.__class__.__name__,
+                                 ', '.join('{0}={1}'.format(k, repr(v)) for k, v in self._to_dict().items()))
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        data = dict((key, getattr(self, key)) for key in self._pclass_fields if hasattr(self, key))
+        return _restore_pickle, (self.__class__, data,)
+
+    def evolver(self):
+        """
+        Returns an evolver for this object.
+        """
+        return _PClassEvolver(self, self._to_dict())
+
+    def remove(self, name):
+        """
+        Remove attribute given by name from the current instance. Raises AttributeError if the
+        attribute doesn't exist.
+        """
+        evolver = self.evolver()
+        del evolver[name]
+        return evolver.persistent()
+
+
+class _PClassEvolver(object):
+    __slots__ = ('_pclass_evolver_original', '_pclass_evolver_data', '_pclass_evolver_data_is_dirty', '_factory_fields')
+
+    def __init__(self, original, initial_dict):
+        self._pclass_evolver_original = original
+        self._pclass_evolver_data = initial_dict
+        self._pclass_evolver_data_is_dirty = False
+        self._factory_fields = set()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, item):
+        return self._pclass_evolver_data[item]
+
+    def set(self, key, value):
+        if self._pclass_evolver_data.get(key, _MISSING_VALUE) is not value:
+            self._pclass_evolver_data[key] = value
+            self._factory_fields.add(key)
+            self._pclass_evolver_data_is_dirty = True
+
+        return self
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        self.set(key, value)
+
+    def remove(self, item):
+        if item in self._pclass_evolver_data:
+            del self._pclass_evolver_data[item]
+            self._factory_fields.discard(item)
+            self._pclass_evolver_data_is_dirty = True
+            return self
+
+        raise AttributeError(item)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, item):
+        self.remove(item)
+
+    def persistent(self):
+        if self._pclass_evolver_data_is_dirty:
+            return self._pclass_evolver_original.__class__(_factory_fields=self._factory_fields,
+                                                           **self._pclass_evolver_data)
+
+        return self._pclass_evolver_original
+
+    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
+        if key not in self.__slots__:
+            self.set(key, value)
+        else:
+            super(_PClassEvolver, self).__setattr__(key, value)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, item):
+        return self[item]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pdeque.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pdeque.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd11bfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pdeque.py
@@ -0,0 +1,376 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence, Hashable
+from itertools import islice, chain
+from numbers import Integral
+from pyrsistent._plist import plist
+
+
+class PDeque(object):
+    """
+    Persistent double ended queue (deque). Allows quick appends and pops in both ends. Implemented
+    using two persistent lists.
+
+    A maximum length can be specified to create a bounded queue.
+
+    Fully supports the Sequence and Hashable protocols including indexing and slicing but
+    if you need fast random access go for the PVector instead.
+
+    Do not instantiate directly, instead use the factory functions :py:func:`dq` or :py:func:`pdeque` to
+    create an instance.
+
+    Some examples:
+
+    >>> x = pdeque([1, 2, 3])
+    >>> x.left
+    1
+    >>> x.right
+    3
+    >>> x[0] == x.left
+    True
+    >>> x[-1] == x.right
+    True
+    >>> x.pop()
+    pdeque([1, 2])
+    >>> x.pop() == x[:-1]
+    True
+    >>> x.popleft()
+    pdeque([2, 3])
+    >>> x.append(4)
+    pdeque([1, 2, 3, 4])
+    >>> x.appendleft(4)
+    pdeque([4, 1, 2, 3])
+
+    >>> y = pdeque([1, 2, 3], maxlen=3)
+    >>> y.append(4)
+    pdeque([2, 3, 4], maxlen=3)
+    >>> y.appendleft(4)
+    pdeque([4, 1, 2], maxlen=3)
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('_left_list', '_right_list', '_length', '_maxlen', '__weakref__')
+
+    def __new__(cls, left_list, right_list, length, maxlen=None):
+        instance = super(PDeque, cls).__new__(cls)
+        instance._left_list = left_list
+        instance._right_list = right_list
+        instance._length = length
+
+        if maxlen is not None:
+            if not isinstance(maxlen, Integral):
+                raise TypeError('An integer is required as maxlen')
+
+            if maxlen < 0:
+                raise ValueError("maxlen must be non-negative")
+
+        instance._maxlen = maxlen
+        return instance
+
+    @property
+    def right(self):
+        """
+        Rightmost element in dqueue.
+        """
+        return PDeque._tip_from_lists(self._right_list, self._left_list)
+
+    @property
+    def left(self):
+        """
+        Leftmost element in dqueue.
+        """
+        return PDeque._tip_from_lists(self._left_list, self._right_list)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _tip_from_lists(primary_list, secondary_list):
+        if primary_list:
+            return primary_list.first
+
+        if secondary_list:
+            return secondary_list[-1]
+
+        raise IndexError('No elements in empty deque')
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return chain(self._left_list, self._right_list.reverse())
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "pdeque({0}{1})".format(list(self),
+                                       ', maxlen={0}'.format(self._maxlen) if self._maxlen is not None else '')
+    __str__ = __repr__
+
+    @property
+    def maxlen(self):
+        """
+        Maximum length of the queue.
+        """
+        return self._maxlen
+
+    def pop(self, count=1):
+        """
+        Return new deque with rightmost element removed. Popping the empty queue
+        will return the empty queue. A optional count can be given to indicate the
+        number of elements to pop. Popping with a negative index is the same as
+        popleft. Executes in amortized O(k) where k is the number of elements to pop.
+
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2]).pop()
+        pdeque([1])
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2]).pop(2)
+        pdeque([])
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2]).pop(-1)
+        pdeque([2])
+        """
+        if count < 0:
+            return self.popleft(-count)
+
+        new_right_list, new_left_list = PDeque._pop_lists(self._right_list, self._left_list, count)
+        return PDeque(new_left_list, new_right_list, max(self._length - count, 0), self._maxlen)
+
+    def popleft(self, count=1):
+        """
+        Return new deque with leftmost element removed. Otherwise functionally
+        equivalent to pop().
+
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2]).popleft()
+        pdeque([2])
+        """
+        if count < 0:
+            return self.pop(-count)
+
+        new_left_list, new_right_list = PDeque._pop_lists(self._left_list, self._right_list, count)
+        return PDeque(new_left_list, new_right_list, max(self._length - count, 0), self._maxlen)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _pop_lists(primary_list, secondary_list, count):
+        new_primary_list = primary_list
+        new_secondary_list = secondary_list
+
+        while count > 0 and (new_primary_list or new_secondary_list):
+            count -= 1
+            if new_primary_list.rest:
+                new_primary_list = new_primary_list.rest
+            elif new_primary_list:
+                new_primary_list = new_secondary_list.reverse()
+                new_secondary_list = plist()
+            else:
+                new_primary_list = new_secondary_list.reverse().rest
+                new_secondary_list = plist()
+
+        return new_primary_list, new_secondary_list
+
+    def _is_empty(self):
+        return not self._left_list and not self._right_list
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, PDeque):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return tuple(self) < tuple(other)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, PDeque):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        if tuple(self) == tuple(other):
+            # Sanity check of the length value since it is redundant (there for performance)
+            assert len(self) == len(other)
+            return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return  hash(tuple(self))
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self._length
+
+    def append(self, elem):
+        """
+        Return new deque with elem as the rightmost element.
+
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2]).append(3)
+        pdeque([1, 2, 3])
+        """
+        new_left_list, new_right_list, new_length = self._append(self._left_list, self._right_list, elem)
+        return PDeque(new_left_list, new_right_list, new_length, self._maxlen)
+
+    def appendleft(self, elem):
+        """
+        Return new deque with elem as the leftmost element.
+
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2]).appendleft(3)
+        pdeque([3, 1, 2])
+        """
+        new_right_list, new_left_list, new_length = self._append(self._right_list, self._left_list, elem)
+        return PDeque(new_left_list, new_right_list, new_length, self._maxlen)
+
+    def _append(self, primary_list, secondary_list, elem):
+        if self._maxlen is not None and self._length == self._maxlen:
+            if self._maxlen == 0:
+                return primary_list, secondary_list, 0
+            new_primary_list, new_secondary_list = PDeque._pop_lists(primary_list, secondary_list, 1)
+            return new_primary_list, new_secondary_list.cons(elem), self._length
+
+        return primary_list, secondary_list.cons(elem), self._length + 1
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extend_list(the_list, iterable):
+        count = 0
+        for elem in iterable:
+            the_list = the_list.cons(elem)
+            count += 1
+
+        return the_list, count
+
+    def _extend(self, primary_list, secondary_list, iterable):
+        new_primary_list, extend_count = PDeque._extend_list(primary_list, iterable)
+        new_secondary_list = secondary_list
+        current_len = self._length + extend_count
+        if self._maxlen is not None and current_len > self._maxlen:
+            pop_len = current_len - self._maxlen
+            new_secondary_list, new_primary_list = PDeque._pop_lists(new_secondary_list, new_primary_list, pop_len)
+            extend_count -= pop_len
+
+        return new_primary_list, new_secondary_list, extend_count
+
+    def extend(self, iterable):
+        """
+        Return new deque with all elements of iterable appended to the right.
+
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2]).extend([3, 4])
+        pdeque([1, 2, 3, 4])
+        """
+        new_right_list, new_left_list, extend_count = self._extend(self._right_list, self._left_list, iterable)
+        return PDeque(new_left_list, new_right_list, self._length + extend_count, self._maxlen)
+
+    def extendleft(self, iterable):
+        """
+        Return new deque with all elements of iterable appended to the left.
+
+        NB! The elements will be inserted in reverse order compared to the order in the iterable.
+
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2]).extendleft([3, 4])
+        pdeque([4, 3, 1, 2])
+        """
+        new_left_list, new_right_list, extend_count = self._extend(self._left_list, self._right_list, iterable)
+        return PDeque(new_left_list, new_right_list, self._length + extend_count, self._maxlen)
+
+    def count(self, elem):
+        """
+        Return the number of elements equal to elem present in the queue
+
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2, 1]).count(1)
+        2
+        """
+        return self._left_list.count(elem) + self._right_list.count(elem)
+
+    def remove(self, elem):
+        """
+        Return new deque with first element from left equal to elem removed. If no such element is found
+        a ValueError is raised.
+
+        >>> pdeque([2, 1, 2]).remove(2)
+        pdeque([1, 2])
+        """
+        try:
+            return PDeque(self._left_list.remove(elem), self._right_list, self._length - 1)
+        except ValueError:
+            # Value not found in left list, try the right list
+            try:
+                # This is severely inefficient with a double reverse, should perhaps implement a remove_last()?
+                return PDeque(self._left_list,
+                               self._right_list.reverse().remove(elem).reverse(), self._length - 1)
+            except ValueError as e:
+                raise ValueError('{0} not found in PDeque'.format(elem)) from e
+
+    def reverse(self):
+        """
+        Return reversed deque.
+
+        >>> pdeque([1, 2, 3]).reverse()
+        pdeque([3, 2, 1])
+
+        Also supports the standard python reverse function.
+
+        >>> reversed(pdeque([1, 2, 3]))
+        pdeque([3, 2, 1])
+        """
+        return PDeque(self._right_list, self._left_list, self._length)
+    __reversed__ = reverse
+
+    def rotate(self, steps):
+        """
+        Return deque with elements rotated steps steps.
+
+        >>> x = pdeque([1, 2, 3])
+        >>> x.rotate(1)
+        pdeque([3, 1, 2])
+        >>> x.rotate(-2)
+        pdeque([3, 1, 2])
+        """
+        popped_deque = self.pop(steps)
+        if steps >= 0:
+            return popped_deque.extendleft(islice(self.reverse(), steps))
+
+        return popped_deque.extend(islice(self, -steps))
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        return pdeque, (list(self), self._maxlen)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        if isinstance(index, slice):
+            if index.step is not None and index.step != 1:
+                # Too difficult, no structural sharing possible
+                return pdeque(tuple(self)[index], maxlen=self._maxlen)
+
+            result = self
+            if index.start is not None:
+                result = result.popleft(index.start % self._length)
+            if index.stop is not None:
+                result = result.pop(self._length - (index.stop % self._length))
+
+            return result
+
+        if not isinstance(index, Integral):
+            raise TypeError("'%s' object cannot be interpreted as an index" % type(index).__name__)
+
+        if index >= 0:
+            return self.popleft(index).left
+
+        shifted = len(self) + index
+        if shifted < 0:
+            raise IndexError(
+                "pdeque index {0} out of range {1}".format(index, len(self)),
+            )
+        return self.popleft(shifted).left
+
+    index = Sequence.index
+
+Sequence.register(PDeque)
+Hashable.register(PDeque)
+
+
+def pdeque(iterable=(), maxlen=None):
+    """
+    Return deque containing the elements of iterable. If maxlen is specified then
+    len(iterable) - maxlen elements are discarded from the left to if len(iterable) > maxlen.
+
+    >>> pdeque([1, 2, 3])
+    pdeque([1, 2, 3])
+    >>> pdeque([1, 2, 3, 4], maxlen=2)
+    pdeque([3, 4], maxlen=2)
+    """
+    t = tuple(iterable)
+    if maxlen is not None:
+        t = t[-maxlen:]
+    length = len(t)
+    pivot = int(length / 2)
+    left = plist(t[:pivot])
+    right = plist(t[pivot:], reverse=True)
+    return PDeque(left, right, length, maxlen)
+
+def dq(*elements):
+    """
+    Return deque containing all arguments.
+
+    >>> dq(1, 2, 3)
+    pdeque([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+    return pdeque(elements)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_plist.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_plist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bea7f5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_plist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence, Hashable
+from numbers import Integral
+from functools import reduce
+
+
+class _PListBuilder(object):
+    """
+    Helper class to allow construction of a list without
+    having to reverse it in the end.
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('_head', '_tail')
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._head = _EMPTY_PLIST
+        self._tail = _EMPTY_PLIST
+
+    def _append(self, elem, constructor):
+        if not self._tail:
+            self._head = constructor(elem)
+            self._tail = self._head
+        else:
+            self._tail.rest = constructor(elem)
+            self._tail = self._tail.rest
+
+        return self._head
+
+    def append_elem(self, elem):
+        return self._append(elem, lambda e: PList(e, _EMPTY_PLIST))
+
+    def append_plist(self, pl):
+        return self._append(pl, lambda l: l)
+
+    def build(self):
+        return self._head
+
+
+class _PListBase(object):
+    __slots__ = ('__weakref__',)
+
+    # Selected implementations can be taken straight from the Sequence
+    # class, other are less suitable. Especially those that work with
+    # index lookups.
+    count = Sequence.count
+    index = Sequence.index
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        return plist, (list(self),)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        """
+        Return the length of the list, computed by traversing it.
+
+        This is obviously O(n) but with the current implementation
+        where a list is also a node the overhead of storing the length
+        in every node would be quite significant.
+        """
+        return sum(1 for _ in self)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "plist({0})".format(list(self))
+    __str__ = __repr__
+
+    def cons(self, elem):
+        """
+        Return a new list with elem inserted as new head.
+
+        >>> plist([1, 2]).cons(3)
+        plist([3, 1, 2])
+        """
+        return PList(elem, self)
+
+    def mcons(self, iterable):
+        """
+        Return a new list with all elements of iterable repeatedly cons:ed to the current list.
+        NB! The elements will be inserted in the reverse order of the iterable.
+        Runs in O(len(iterable)).
+
+        >>> plist([1, 2]).mcons([3, 4])
+        plist([4, 3, 1, 2])
+        """
+        head = self
+        for elem in iterable:
+            head = head.cons(elem)
+
+        return head
+
+    def reverse(self):
+        """
+        Return a reversed version of list. Runs in O(n) where n is the length of the list.
+
+        >>> plist([1, 2, 3]).reverse()
+        plist([3, 2, 1])
+
+        Also supports the standard reversed function.
+
+        >>> reversed(plist([1, 2, 3]))
+        plist([3, 2, 1])
+        """
+        result = plist()
+        head = self
+        while head:
+            result = result.cons(head.first)
+            head = head.rest
+
+        return result
+    __reversed__ = reverse
+
+    def split(self, index):
+        """
+        Spilt the list at position specified by index. Returns a tuple containing the
+        list up until index and the list after the index. Runs in O(index).
+
+        >>> plist([1, 2, 3, 4]).split(2)
+        (plist([1, 2]), plist([3, 4]))
+        """
+        lb = _PListBuilder()
+        right_list = self
+        i = 0
+        while right_list and i < index:
+            lb.append_elem(right_list.first)
+            right_list = right_list.rest
+            i += 1
+
+        if not right_list:
+            # Just a small optimization in the cases where no split occurred
+            return self, _EMPTY_PLIST
+
+        return lb.build(), right_list
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        li = self
+        while li:
+            yield li.first
+            li = li.rest
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, _PListBase):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return tuple(self) < tuple(other)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """
+        Traverses the lists, checking equality of elements.
+
+        This is an O(n) operation, but preserves the standard semantics of list equality.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(other, _PListBase):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        self_head = self
+        other_head = other
+        while self_head and other_head:
+            if not self_head.first == other_head.first:
+                return False
+            self_head = self_head.rest
+            other_head = other_head.rest
+
+        return not self_head and not other_head
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        # Don't use this this data structure if you plan to do a lot of indexing, it is
+        # very inefficient! Use a PVector instead!
+
+        if isinstance(index, slice):
+            if index.start is not None and index.stop is None and (index.step is None or index.step == 1):
+                return self._drop(index.start)
+
+            # Take the easy way out for all other slicing cases, not much structural reuse possible anyway
+            return plist(tuple(self)[index])
+
+        if not isinstance(index, Integral):
+            raise TypeError("'%s' object cannot be interpreted as an index" % type(index).__name__)
+
+        if index < 0:
+            # NB: O(n)!
+            index += len(self)
+
+        try:
+            return self._drop(index).first
+        except AttributeError as e:
+            raise IndexError("PList index out of range") from e
+
+    def _drop(self, count):
+        if count < 0:
+            raise IndexError("PList index out of range")
+
+        head = self
+        while count > 0:
+            head = head.rest
+            count -= 1
+
+        return head
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(tuple(self))
+
+    def remove(self, elem):
+        """
+        Return new list with first element equal to elem removed. O(k) where k is the position
+        of the element that is removed.
+
+        Raises ValueError if no matching element is found.
+
+        >>> plist([1, 2, 1]).remove(1)
+        plist([2, 1])
+        """
+
+        builder = _PListBuilder()
+        head = self
+        while head:
+            if head.first == elem:
+                return builder.append_plist(head.rest)
+
+            builder.append_elem(head.first)
+            head = head.rest
+
+        raise ValueError('{0} not found in PList'.format(elem))
+
+
+class PList(_PListBase):
+    """
+    Classical Lisp style singly linked list. Adding elements to the head using cons is O(1).
+    Element access is O(k) where k is the position of the element in the list. Taking the
+    length of the list is O(n).
+
+    Fully supports the Sequence and Hashable protocols including indexing and slicing but
+    if you need fast random access go for the PVector instead.
+
+    Do not instantiate directly, instead use the factory functions :py:func:`l` or :py:func:`plist` to
+    create an instance.
+
+    Some examples:
+
+    >>> x = plist([1, 2])
+    >>> y = x.cons(3)
+    >>> x
+    plist([1, 2])
+    >>> y
+    plist([3, 1, 2])
+    >>> y.first
+    3
+    >>> y.rest == x
+    True
+    >>> y[:2]
+    plist([3, 1])
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('first', 'rest')
+
+    def __new__(cls, first, rest):
+        instance = super(PList, cls).__new__(cls)
+        instance.first = first
+        instance.rest = rest
+        return instance
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return True
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+
+
+Sequence.register(PList)
+Hashable.register(PList)
+
+
+class _EmptyPList(_PListBase):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+
+    @property
+    def first(self):
+        raise AttributeError("Empty PList has no first")
+
+    @property
+    def rest(self):
+        return self
+
+
+Sequence.register(_EmptyPList)
+Hashable.register(_EmptyPList)
+
+_EMPTY_PLIST = _EmptyPList()
+
+
+def plist(iterable=(), reverse=False):
+    """
+    Creates a new persistent list containing all elements of iterable.
+    Optional parameter reverse specifies if the elements should be inserted in
+    reverse order or not.
+
+    >>> plist([1, 2, 3])
+    plist([1, 2, 3])
+    >>> plist([1, 2, 3], reverse=True)
+    plist([3, 2, 1])
+    """
+    if not reverse:
+        iterable = list(iterable)
+        iterable.reverse()
+
+    return reduce(lambda pl, elem: pl.cons(elem), iterable, _EMPTY_PLIST)
+
+
+def l(*elements):
+    """
+    Creates a new persistent list containing all arguments.
+
+    >>> l(1, 2, 3)
+    plist([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+    return plist(elements)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pmap.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pmap.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..056d478
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pmap.py
@@ -0,0 +1,461 @@
+from collections.abc import Mapping, Hashable
+from itertools import chain
+from pyrsistent._pvector import pvector
+from pyrsistent._transformations import transform
+
+
+class PMap(object):
+    """
+    Persistent map/dict. Tries to follow the same naming conventions as the built in dict where feasible.
+
+    Do not instantiate directly, instead use the factory functions :py:func:`m` or :py:func:`pmap` to
+    create an instance.
+
+    Was originally written as a very close copy of the Clojure equivalent but was later rewritten to closer
+    re-assemble the python dict. This means that a sparse vector (a PVector) of buckets is used. The keys are
+    hashed and the elements inserted at position hash % len(bucket_vector). Whenever the map size exceeds 2/3 of
+    the containing vectors size the map is reallocated to a vector of double the size. This is done to avoid
+    excessive hash collisions.
+
+    This structure corresponds most closely to the built in dict type and is intended as a replacement. Where the
+    semantics are the same (more or less) the same function names have been used but for some cases it is not possible,
+    for example assignments and deletion of values.
+
+    PMap implements the Mapping protocol and is Hashable. It also supports dot-notation for
+    element access.
+
+    Random access and insert is log32(n) where n is the size of the map.
+
+    The following are examples of some common operations on persistent maps
+
+    >>> m1 = m(a=1, b=3)
+    >>> m2 = m1.set('c', 3)
+    >>> m3 = m2.remove('a')
+    >>> m1 == {'a': 1, 'b': 3}
+    True
+    >>> m2 == {'a': 1, 'b': 3, 'c': 3}
+    True
+    >>> m3 == {'b': 3, 'c': 3}
+    True
+    >>> m3['c']
+    3
+    >>> m3.c
+    3
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('_size', '_buckets', '__weakref__', '_cached_hash')
+
+    def __new__(cls, size, buckets):
+        self = super(PMap, cls).__new__(cls)
+        self._size = size
+        self._buckets = buckets
+        return self
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_bucket(buckets, key):
+        index = hash(key) % len(buckets)
+        bucket = buckets[index]
+        return index, bucket
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _getitem(buckets, key):
+        _, bucket = PMap._get_bucket(buckets, key)
+        if bucket:
+            for k, v in bucket:
+                if k == key:
+                    return v
+
+        raise KeyError(key)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return PMap._getitem(self._buckets, key)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _contains(buckets, key):
+        _, bucket = PMap._get_bucket(buckets, key)
+        if bucket:
+            for k, _ in bucket:
+                if k == key:
+                    return True
+
+            return False
+
+        return False
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return self._contains(self._buckets, key)
+
+    get = Mapping.get
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self.iterkeys()
+
+    def __getattr__(self, key):
+        try:
+            return self[key]
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "{0} has no attribute '{1}'".format(type(self).__name__, key)
+            ) from e
+
+    def iterkeys(self):
+        for k, _ in self.iteritems():
+            yield k
+
+    # These are more efficient implementations compared to the original
+    # methods that are based on the keys iterator and then calls the
+    # accessor functions to access the value for the corresponding key
+    def itervalues(self):
+        for _, v in self.iteritems():
+            yield v
+
+    def iteritems(self):
+        for bucket in self._buckets:
+            if bucket:
+                for k, v in bucket:
+                    yield k, v
+
+    def values(self):
+        return pvector(self.itervalues())
+
+    def keys(self):
+        return pvector(self.iterkeys())
+
+    def items(self):
+        return pvector(self.iteritems())
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self._size
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'pmap({0})'.format(str(dict(self)))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if self is other:
+            return True
+        if not isinstance(other, Mapping):
+            return NotImplemented
+        if len(self) != len(other):
+            return False
+        if isinstance(other, PMap):
+            if (hasattr(self, '_cached_hash') and hasattr(other, '_cached_hash')
+                    and self._cached_hash != other._cached_hash):
+                return False
+            if self._buckets == other._buckets:
+                return True
+            return dict(self.iteritems()) == dict(other.iteritems())
+        elif isinstance(other, dict):
+            return dict(self.iteritems()) == other
+        return dict(self.iteritems()) == dict(other.items())
+
+    __ne__ = Mapping.__ne__
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        raise TypeError('PMaps are not orderable')
+
+    __le__ = __lt__
+    __gt__ = __lt__
+    __ge__ = __lt__
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.__repr__()
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, '_cached_hash'):
+            self._cached_hash = hash(frozenset(self.iteritems()))
+        return self._cached_hash
+
+    def set(self, key, val):
+        """
+        Return a new PMap with key and val inserted.
+
+        >>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
+        >>> m2 = m1.set('a', 3)
+        >>> m3 = m1.set('c' ,4)
+        >>> m1 == {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
+        True
+        >>> m2 == {'a': 3, 'b': 2}
+        True
+        >>> m3 == {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 4}
+        True
+        """
+        return self.evolver().set(key, val).persistent()
+
+    def remove(self, key):
+        """
+        Return a new PMap without the element specified by key. Raises KeyError if the element
+        is not present.
+
+        >>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
+        >>> m1.remove('a')
+        pmap({'b': 2})
+        """
+        return self.evolver().remove(key).persistent()
+
+    def discard(self, key):
+        """
+        Return a new PMap without the element specified by key. Returns reference to itself
+        if element is not present.
+
+        >>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
+        >>> m1.discard('a')
+        pmap({'b': 2})
+        >>> m1 is m1.discard('c')
+        True
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.remove(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            return self
+
+    def update(self, *maps):
+        """
+        Return a new PMap with the items in Mappings inserted. If the same key is present in multiple
+        maps the rightmost (last) value is inserted.
+
+        >>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
+        >>> m1.update(m(a=2, c=3), {'a': 17, 'd': 35}) == {'a': 17, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 35}
+        True
+        """
+        return self.update_with(lambda l, r: r, *maps)
+
+    def update_with(self, update_fn, *maps):
+        """
+        Return a new PMap with the items in Mappings maps inserted. If the same key is present in multiple
+        maps the values will be merged using merge_fn going from left to right.
+
+        >>> from operator import add
+        >>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
+        >>> m1.update_with(add, m(a=2)) == {'a': 3, 'b': 2}
+        True
+
+        The reverse behaviour of the regular merge. Keep the leftmost element instead of the rightmost.
+
+        >>> m1 = m(a=1)
+        >>> m1.update_with(lambda l, r: l, m(a=2), {'a':3})
+        pmap({'a': 1})
+        """
+        evolver = self.evolver()
+        for map in maps:
+            for key, value in map.items():
+                evolver.set(key, update_fn(evolver[key], value) if key in evolver else value)
+
+        return evolver.persistent()
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return self.update(other)
+
+    __or__ = __add__
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        return pmap, (dict(self),)
+
+    def transform(self, *transformations):
+        """
+        Transform arbitrarily complex combinations of PVectors and PMaps. A transformation
+        consists of two parts. One match expression that specifies which elements to transform
+        and one transformation function that performs the actual transformation.
+
+        >>> from pyrsistent import freeze, ny
+        >>> news_paper = freeze({'articles': [{'author': 'Sara', 'content': 'A short article'},
+        ...                                   {'author': 'Steve', 'content': 'A slightly longer article'}],
+        ...                      'weather': {'temperature': '11C', 'wind': '5m/s'}})
+        >>> short_news = news_paper.transform(['articles', ny, 'content'], lambda c: c[:25] + '...' if len(c) > 25 else c)
+        >>> very_short_news = news_paper.transform(['articles', ny, 'content'], lambda c: c[:15] + '...' if len(c) > 15 else c)
+        >>> very_short_news.articles[0].content
+        'A short article'
+        >>> very_short_news.articles[1].content
+        'A slightly long...'
+
+        When nothing has been transformed the original data structure is kept
+
+        >>> short_news is news_paper
+        True
+        >>> very_short_news is news_paper
+        False
+        >>> very_short_news.articles[0] is news_paper.articles[0]
+        True
+        """
+        return transform(self, transformations)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        return self
+
+    class _Evolver(object):
+        __slots__ = ('_buckets_evolver', '_size', '_original_pmap')
+
+        def __init__(self, original_pmap):
+            self._original_pmap = original_pmap
+            self._buckets_evolver = original_pmap._buckets.evolver()
+            self._size = original_pmap._size
+
+        def __getitem__(self, key):
+            return PMap._getitem(self._buckets_evolver, key)
+
+        def __setitem__(self, key, val):
+            self.set(key, val)
+
+        def set(self, key, val):
+            if len(self._buckets_evolver) < 0.67 * self._size:
+                self._reallocate(2 * len(self._buckets_evolver))
+
+            kv = (key, val)
+            index, bucket = PMap._get_bucket(self._buckets_evolver, key)
+            if bucket:
+                for k, v in bucket:
+                    if k == key:
+                        if v is not val:
+                            new_bucket = [(k2, v2) if k2 != k else (k2, val) for k2, v2 in bucket]
+                            self._buckets_evolver[index] = new_bucket
+
+                        return self
+
+                new_bucket = [kv]
+                new_bucket.extend(bucket)
+                self._buckets_evolver[index] = new_bucket
+                self._size += 1
+            else:
+                self._buckets_evolver[index] = [kv]
+                self._size += 1
+
+            return self
+
+        def _reallocate(self, new_size):
+            new_list = new_size * [None]
+            buckets = self._buckets_evolver.persistent()
+            for k, v in chain.from_iterable(x for x in buckets if x):
+                index = hash(k) % new_size
+                if new_list[index]:
+                    new_list[index].append((k, v))
+                else:
+                    new_list[index] = [(k, v)]
+
+            # A reallocation should always result in a dirty buckets evolver to avoid
+            # possible loss of elements when doing the reallocation.
+            self._buckets_evolver = pvector().evolver()
+            self._buckets_evolver.extend(new_list)
+
+        def is_dirty(self):
+            return self._buckets_evolver.is_dirty()
+
+        def persistent(self):
+            if self.is_dirty():
+                self._original_pmap = PMap(self._size, self._buckets_evolver.persistent())
+
+            return self._original_pmap
+
+        def __len__(self):
+            return self._size
+
+        def __contains__(self, key):
+            return PMap._contains(self._buckets_evolver, key)
+
+        def __delitem__(self, key):
+            self.remove(key)
+
+        def remove(self, key):
+            index, bucket = PMap._get_bucket(self._buckets_evolver, key)
+
+            if bucket:
+                new_bucket = [(k, v) for (k, v) in bucket if k != key]
+                if len(bucket) > len(new_bucket):
+                    self._buckets_evolver[index] = new_bucket if new_bucket else None
+                    self._size -= 1
+                    return self
+
+            raise KeyError('{0}'.format(key))
+
+    def evolver(self):
+        """
+        Create a new evolver for this pmap. For a discussion on evolvers in general see the
+        documentation for the pvector evolver.
+
+        Create the evolver and perform various mutating updates to it:
+
+        >>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
+        >>> e = m1.evolver()
+        >>> e['c'] = 3
+        >>> len(e)
+        3
+        >>> del e['a']
+
+        The underlying pmap remains the same:
+
+        >>> m1 == {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
+        True
+
+        The changes are kept in the evolver. An updated pmap can be created using the
+        persistent() function on the evolver.
+
+        >>> m2 = e.persistent()
+        >>> m2 == {'b': 2, 'c': 3}
+        True
+
+        The new pmap will share data with the original pmap in the same way that would have
+        been done if only using operations on the pmap.
+        """
+        return self._Evolver(self)
+
+Mapping.register(PMap)
+Hashable.register(PMap)
+
+
+def _turbo_mapping(initial, pre_size):
+    if pre_size:
+        size = pre_size
+    else:
+        try:
+            size = 2 * len(initial) or 8
+        except Exception:
+            # Guess we can't figure out the length. Give up on length hinting,
+            # we can always reallocate later.
+            size = 8
+
+    buckets = size * [None]
+
+    if not isinstance(initial, Mapping):
+        # Make a dictionary of the initial data if it isn't already,
+        # that will save us some job further down since we can assume no
+        # key collisions
+        initial = dict(initial)
+
+    for k, v in initial.items():
+        h = hash(k)
+        index = h % size
+        bucket = buckets[index]
+
+        if bucket:
+            bucket.append((k, v))
+        else:
+            buckets[index] = [(k, v)]
+
+    return PMap(len(initial), pvector().extend(buckets))
+
+
+_EMPTY_PMAP = _turbo_mapping({}, 0)
+
+
+def pmap(initial={}, pre_size=0):
+    """
+    Create new persistent map, inserts all elements in initial into the newly created map.
+    The optional argument pre_size may be used to specify an initial size of the underlying bucket vector. This
+    may have a positive performance impact in the cases where you know beforehand that a large number of elements
+    will be inserted into the map eventually since it will reduce the number of reallocations required.
+
+    >>> pmap({'a': 13, 'b': 14}) == {'a': 13, 'b': 14}
+    True
+    """
+    if not initial and pre_size == 0:
+        return _EMPTY_PMAP
+
+    return _turbo_mapping(initial, pre_size)
+
+
+def m(**kwargs):
+    """
+    Creates a new persistent map. Inserts all key value arguments into the newly created map.
+
+    >>> m(a=13, b=14) == {'a': 13, 'b': 14}
+    True
+    """
+    return pmap(kwargs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_precord.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_precord.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ee8198
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_precord.py
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+from pyrsistent._checked_types import CheckedType, _restore_pickle, InvariantException, store_invariants
+from pyrsistent._field_common import (
+    set_fields, check_type, is_field_ignore_extra_complaint, PFIELD_NO_INITIAL, serialize, check_global_invariants
+)
+from pyrsistent._pmap import PMap, pmap
+
+
+class _PRecordMeta(type):
+    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, dct):
+        set_fields(dct, bases, name='_precord_fields')
+        store_invariants(dct, bases, '_precord_invariants', '__invariant__')
+
+        dct['_precord_mandatory_fields'] = \
+            set(name for name, field in dct['_precord_fields'].items() if field.mandatory)
+
+        dct['_precord_initial_values'] = \
+            dict((k, field.initial) for k, field in dct['_precord_fields'].items() if field.initial is not PFIELD_NO_INITIAL)
+
+
+        dct['__slots__'] = ()
+
+        return super(_PRecordMeta, mcs).__new__(mcs, name, bases, dct)
+
+
+class PRecord(PMap, CheckedType, metaclass=_PRecordMeta):
+    """
+    A PRecord is a PMap with a fixed set of specified fields. Records are declared as python classes inheriting
+    from PRecord. Because it is a PMap it has full support for all Mapping methods such as iteration and element
+    access using subscript notation.
+
+    More documentation and examples of PRecord usage is available at https://github.com/tobgu/pyrsistent
+    """
+    def __new__(cls, **kwargs):
+        # Hack total! If these two special attributes exist that means we can create
+        # ourselves. Otherwise we need to go through the Evolver to create the structures
+        # for us.
+        if '_precord_size' in kwargs and '_precord_buckets' in kwargs:
+            return super(PRecord, cls).__new__(cls, kwargs['_precord_size'], kwargs['_precord_buckets'])
+
+        factory_fields = kwargs.pop('_factory_fields', None)
+        ignore_extra = kwargs.pop('_ignore_extra', False)
+
+        initial_values = kwargs
+        if cls._precord_initial_values:
+            initial_values = dict((k, v() if callable(v) else v)
+                                  for k, v in cls._precord_initial_values.items())
+            initial_values.update(kwargs)
+
+        e = _PRecordEvolver(cls, pmap(pre_size=len(cls._precord_fields)), _factory_fields=factory_fields, _ignore_extra=ignore_extra)
+        for k, v in initial_values.items():
+            e[k] = v
+
+        return e.persistent()
+
+    def set(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Set a field in the record. This set function differs slightly from that in the PMap
+        class. First of all it accepts key-value pairs. Second it accepts multiple key-value
+        pairs to perform one, atomic, update of multiple fields.
+        """
+
+        # The PRecord set() can accept kwargs since all fields that have been declared are
+        # valid python identifiers. Also allow multiple fields to be set in one operation.
+        if args:
+            return super(PRecord, self).set(args[0], args[1])
+
+        return self.update(kwargs)
+
+    def evolver(self):
+        """
+        Returns an evolver of this object.
+        """
+        return _PRecordEvolver(self.__class__, self)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "{0}({1})".format(self.__class__.__name__,
+                                 ', '.join('{0}={1}'.format(k, repr(v)) for k, v in self.items()))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, kwargs, _factory_fields=None, ignore_extra=False):
+        """
+        Factory method. Will create a new PRecord of the current type and assign the values
+        specified in kwargs.
+
+        :param ignore_extra: A boolean which when set to True will ignore any keys which appear in kwargs that are not
+                             in the set of fields on the PRecord.
+        """
+        if isinstance(kwargs, cls):
+            return kwargs
+
+        if ignore_extra:
+            kwargs = {k: kwargs[k] for k in cls._precord_fields if k in kwargs}
+
+        return cls(_factory_fields=_factory_fields, _ignore_extra=ignore_extra, **kwargs)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        return _restore_pickle, (self.__class__, dict(self),)
+
+    def serialize(self, format=None):
+        """
+        Serialize the current PRecord using custom serializer functions for fields where
+        such have been supplied.
+        """
+        return dict((k, serialize(self._precord_fields[k].serializer, format, v)) for k, v in self.items())
+
+
+class _PRecordEvolver(PMap._Evolver):
+    __slots__ = ('_destination_cls', '_invariant_error_codes', '_missing_fields', '_factory_fields', '_ignore_extra')
+
+    def __init__(self, cls, original_pmap, _factory_fields=None, _ignore_extra=False):
+        super(_PRecordEvolver, self).__init__(original_pmap)
+        self._destination_cls = cls
+        self._invariant_error_codes = []
+        self._missing_fields = []
+        self._factory_fields = _factory_fields
+        self._ignore_extra = _ignore_extra
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, original_value):
+        self.set(key, original_value)
+
+    def set(self, key, original_value):
+        field = self._destination_cls._precord_fields.get(key)
+        if field:
+            if self._factory_fields is None or field in self._factory_fields:
+                try:
+                    if is_field_ignore_extra_complaint(PRecord, field, self._ignore_extra):
+                        value = field.factory(original_value, ignore_extra=self._ignore_extra)
+                    else:
+                        value = field.factory(original_value)
+                except InvariantException as e:
+                    self._invariant_error_codes += e.invariant_errors
+                    self._missing_fields += e.missing_fields
+                    return self
+            else:
+                value = original_value
+
+            check_type(self._destination_cls, field, key, value)
+
+            is_ok, error_code = field.invariant(value)
+            if not is_ok:
+                self._invariant_error_codes.append(error_code)
+
+            return super(_PRecordEvolver, self).set(key, value)
+        else:
+            raise AttributeError("'{0}' is not among the specified fields for {1}".format(key, self._destination_cls.__name__))
+
+    def persistent(self):
+        cls = self._destination_cls
+        is_dirty = self.is_dirty()
+        pm = super(_PRecordEvolver, self).persistent()
+        if is_dirty or not isinstance(pm, cls):
+            result = cls(_precord_buckets=pm._buckets, _precord_size=pm._size)
+        else:
+            result = pm
+
+        if cls._precord_mandatory_fields:
+            self._missing_fields += tuple('{0}.{1}'.format(cls.__name__, f) for f
+                                          in (cls._precord_mandatory_fields - set(result.keys())))
+
+        if self._invariant_error_codes or self._missing_fields:
+            raise InvariantException(tuple(self._invariant_error_codes), tuple(self._missing_fields),
+                                     'Field invariant failed')
+
+        check_global_invariants(result, cls._precord_invariants)
+
+        return result
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pset.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pset.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fae827
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pset.py
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+from collections.abc import Set, Hashable
+import sys
+from pyrsistent._pmap import pmap
+
+
+class PSet(object):
+    """
+    Persistent set implementation. Built on top of the persistent map. The set supports all operations
+    in the Set protocol and is Hashable.
+
+    Do not instantiate directly, instead use the factory functions :py:func:`s` or :py:func:`pset`
+    to create an instance.
+
+    Random access and insert is log32(n) where n is the size of the set.
+
+    Some examples:
+
+    >>> s = pset([1, 2, 3, 1])
+    >>> s2 = s.add(4)
+    >>> s3 = s2.remove(2)
+    >>> s
+    pset([1, 2, 3])
+    >>> s2
+    pset([1, 2, 3, 4])
+    >>> s3
+    pset([1, 3, 4])
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('_map', '__weakref__')
+
+    def __new__(cls, m):
+        self = super(PSet, cls).__new__(cls)
+        self._map = m
+        return self
+
+    def __contains__(self, element):
+        return element in self._map
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._map)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._map)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if not self:
+            return 'p' + str(set(self))
+
+        return 'pset([{0}])'.format(str(set(self))[1:-1])
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.__repr__()
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._map)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        return pset, (list(self),)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_iterable(cls, it, pre_size=8):
+        return PSet(pmap(dict((k, True) for k in it), pre_size=pre_size))
+
+    def add(self, element):
+        """
+        Return a new PSet with element added
+
+        >>> s1 = s(1, 2)
+        >>> s1.add(3)
+        pset([1, 2, 3])
+        """
+        return self.evolver().add(element).persistent()
+
+    def update(self, iterable):
+        """
+        Return a new PSet with elements in iterable added
+
+        >>> s1 = s(1, 2)
+        >>> s1.update([3, 4, 4])
+        pset([1, 2, 3, 4])
+        """
+        e = self.evolver()
+        for element in iterable:
+            e.add(element)
+
+        return e.persistent()
+
+    def remove(self, element):
+        """
+        Return a new PSet with element removed. Raises KeyError if element is not present.
+
+        >>> s1 = s(1, 2)
+        >>> s1.remove(2)
+        pset([1])
+        """
+        if element in self._map:
+            return self.evolver().remove(element).persistent()
+
+        raise KeyError("Element '%s' not present in PSet" % repr(element))
+
+    def discard(self, element):
+        """
+        Return a new PSet with element removed. Returns itself if element is not present.
+        """
+        if element in self._map:
+            return self.evolver().remove(element).persistent()
+
+        return self
+
+    class _Evolver(object):
+        __slots__ = ('_original_pset', '_pmap_evolver')
+
+        def __init__(self, original_pset):
+            self._original_pset = original_pset
+            self._pmap_evolver = original_pset._map.evolver()
+
+        def add(self, element):
+            self._pmap_evolver[element] = True
+            return self
+
+        def remove(self, element):
+            del self._pmap_evolver[element]
+            return self
+
+        def is_dirty(self):
+            return self._pmap_evolver.is_dirty()
+
+        def persistent(self):
+            if not self.is_dirty():
+                return  self._original_pset
+
+            return PSet(self._pmap_evolver.persistent())
+
+        def __len__(self):
+            return len(self._pmap_evolver)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        return self
+
+    def evolver(self):
+        """
+        Create a new evolver for this pset. For a discussion on evolvers in general see the
+        documentation for the pvector evolver.
+
+        Create the evolver and perform various mutating updates to it:
+
+        >>> s1 = s(1, 2, 3)
+        >>> e = s1.evolver()
+        >>> _ = e.add(4)
+        >>> len(e)
+        4
+        >>> _ = e.remove(1)
+
+        The underlying pset remains the same:
+
+        >>> s1
+        pset([1, 2, 3])
+
+        The changes are kept in the evolver. An updated pmap can be created using the
+        persistent() function on the evolver.
+
+        >>> s2 = e.persistent()
+        >>> s2
+        pset([2, 3, 4])
+
+        The new pset will share data with the original pset in the same way that would have
+        been done if only using operations on the pset.
+        """
+        return PSet._Evolver(self)
+
+    # All the operations and comparisons you would expect on a set.
+    #
+    # This is not very beautiful. If we avoid inheriting from PSet we can use the
+    # __slots__ concepts (which requires a new style class) and hopefully save some memory.
+    __le__ = Set.__le__
+    __lt__ = Set.__lt__
+    __gt__ = Set.__gt__
+    __ge__ = Set.__ge__
+    __eq__ = Set.__eq__
+    __ne__ = Set.__ne__
+
+    __and__ = Set.__and__
+    __or__ = Set.__or__
+    __sub__ = Set.__sub__
+    __xor__ = Set.__xor__
+
+    issubset = __le__
+    issuperset = __ge__
+    union = __or__
+    intersection = __and__
+    difference = __sub__
+    symmetric_difference = __xor__
+
+    isdisjoint = Set.isdisjoint
+
+Set.register(PSet)
+Hashable.register(PSet)
+
+_EMPTY_PSET = PSet(pmap())
+
+
+def pset(iterable=(), pre_size=8):
+    """
+    Creates a persistent set from iterable. Optionally takes a sizing parameter equivalent to that
+    used for :py:func:`pmap`.
+
+    >>> s1 = pset([1, 2, 3, 2])
+    >>> s1
+    pset([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+    if not iterable:
+        return _EMPTY_PSET
+
+    return PSet._from_iterable(iterable, pre_size=pre_size)
+
+
+def s(*elements):
+    """
+    Create a persistent set.
+
+    Takes an arbitrary number of arguments to insert into the new set.
+
+    >>> s1 = s(1, 2, 3, 2)
+    >>> s1
+    pset([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+    return pset(elements)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pvector.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pvector.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2aff0e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_pvector.py
@@ -0,0 +1,711 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta
+from collections.abc import Sequence, Hashable
+from numbers import Integral
+import operator
+from pyrsistent._transformations import transform
+
+
+def _bitcount(val):
+    return bin(val).count("1")
+
+BRANCH_FACTOR = 32
+BIT_MASK = BRANCH_FACTOR - 1
+SHIFT = _bitcount(BIT_MASK)
+
+
+def compare_pvector(v, other, operator):
+    return operator(v.tolist(), other.tolist() if isinstance(other, PVector) else other)
+
+
+def _index_or_slice(index, stop):
+    if stop is None:
+        return index
+
+    return slice(index, stop)
+
+
+class PythonPVector(object):
+    """
+    Support structure for PVector that implements structural sharing for vectors using a trie.
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('_count', '_shift', '_root', '_tail', '_tail_offset', '__weakref__')
+
+    def __new__(cls, count, shift, root, tail):
+        self = super(PythonPVector, cls).__new__(cls)
+        self._count = count
+        self._shift = shift
+        self._root = root
+        self._tail = tail
+
+        # Derived attribute stored for performance
+        self._tail_offset = self._count - len(self._tail)
+        return self
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self._count
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        if isinstance(index, slice):
+            # There are more conditions than the below where it would be OK to
+            # return ourselves, implement those...
+            if index.start is None and index.stop is None and index.step is None:
+                return self
+
+            # This is a bit nasty realizing the whole structure as a list before
+            # slicing it but it is the fastest way I've found to date, and it's easy :-)
+            return _EMPTY_PVECTOR.extend(self.tolist()[index])
+
+        if index < 0:
+            index += self._count
+
+        return PythonPVector._node_for(self, index)[index & BIT_MASK]
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return self.extend(other)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'pvector({0})'.format(str(self.tolist()))
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.__repr__()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        # This is kind of lazy and will produce some memory overhead but it is the fasted method
+        # by far of those tried since it uses the speed of the built in python list directly.
+        return iter(self.tolist())
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self is other or (hasattr(other, '__len__') and self._count == len(other)) and compare_pvector(self, other, operator.eq)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return compare_pvector(self, other, operator.gt)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return compare_pvector(self, other, operator.lt)
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return compare_pvector(self, other, operator.ge)
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return compare_pvector(self, other, operator.le)
+
+    def __mul__(self, times):
+        if times <= 0 or self is _EMPTY_PVECTOR:
+            return _EMPTY_PVECTOR
+
+        if times == 1:
+            return self
+
+        return _EMPTY_PVECTOR.extend(times * self.tolist())
+
+    __rmul__ = __mul__
+
+    def _fill_list(self, node, shift, the_list):
+        if shift:
+            shift -= SHIFT
+            for n in node:
+                self._fill_list(n, shift, the_list)
+        else:
+            the_list.extend(node)
+
+    def tolist(self):
+        """
+        The fastest way to convert the vector into a python list.
+        """
+        the_list = []
+        self._fill_list(self._root, self._shift, the_list)
+        the_list.extend(self._tail)
+        return the_list
+
+    def _totuple(self):
+        """
+        Returns the content as a python tuple.
+        """
+        return tuple(self.tolist())
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        # Taking the easy way out again...
+        return hash(self._totuple())
+
+    def transform(self, *transformations):
+        return transform(self, transformations)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # Pickling support
+        return pvector, (self.tolist(),)
+
+    def mset(self, *args):
+        if len(args) % 2:
+            raise TypeError("mset expected an even number of arguments")
+
+        evolver = self.evolver()
+        for i in range(0, len(args), 2):
+            evolver[args[i]] = args[i+1]
+
+        return evolver.persistent()
+
+    class Evolver(object):
+        __slots__ = ('_count', '_shift', '_root', '_tail', '_tail_offset', '_dirty_nodes',
+                     '_extra_tail', '_cached_leafs', '_orig_pvector')
+
+        def __init__(self, v):
+            self._reset(v)
+
+        def __getitem__(self, index):
+            if not isinstance(index, Integral):
+                raise TypeError("'%s' object cannot be interpreted as an index" % type(index).__name__)
+
+            if index < 0:
+                index += self._count + len(self._extra_tail)
+
+            if self._count <= index < self._count + len(self._extra_tail):
+                return self._extra_tail[index - self._count]
+
+            return PythonPVector._node_for(self, index)[index & BIT_MASK]
+
+        def _reset(self, v):
+            self._count = v._count
+            self._shift = v._shift
+            self._root = v._root
+            self._tail = v._tail
+            self._tail_offset = v._tail_offset
+            self._dirty_nodes = {}
+            self._cached_leafs = {}
+            self._extra_tail = []
+            self._orig_pvector = v
+
+        def append(self, element):
+            self._extra_tail.append(element)
+            return self
+
+        def extend(self, iterable):
+            self._extra_tail.extend(iterable)
+            return self
+
+        def set(self, index, val):
+            self[index] = val
+            return self
+
+        def __setitem__(self, index, val):
+            if not isinstance(index, Integral):
+                raise TypeError("'%s' object cannot be interpreted as an index" % type(index).__name__)
+
+            if index < 0:
+                index += self._count + len(self._extra_tail)
+
+            if 0 <= index < self._count:
+                node = self._cached_leafs.get(index >> SHIFT)
+                if node:
+                    node[index & BIT_MASK] = val
+                elif index >= self._tail_offset:
+                    if id(self._tail) not in self._dirty_nodes:
+                        self._tail = list(self._tail)
+                        self._dirty_nodes[id(self._tail)] = True
+                        self._cached_leafs[index >> SHIFT] = self._tail
+                    self._tail[index & BIT_MASK] = val
+                else:
+                    self._root = self._do_set(self._shift, self._root, index, val)
+            elif self._count <= index < self._count + len(self._extra_tail):
+                self._extra_tail[index - self._count] = val
+            elif index == self._count + len(self._extra_tail):
+                self._extra_tail.append(val)
+            else:
+                raise IndexError("Index out of range: %s" % (index,))
+
+        def _do_set(self, level, node, i, val):
+            if id(node) in self._dirty_nodes:
+                ret = node
+            else:
+                ret = list(node)
+                self._dirty_nodes[id(ret)] = True
+
+            if level == 0:
+                ret[i & BIT_MASK] = val
+                self._cached_leafs[i >> SHIFT] = ret
+            else:
+                sub_index = (i >> level) & BIT_MASK  # >>>
+                ret[sub_index] = self._do_set(level - SHIFT, node[sub_index], i, val)
+
+            return ret
+
+        def delete(self, index):
+            del self[index]
+            return self
+
+        def __delitem__(self, key):
+            if self._orig_pvector:
+                # All structural sharing bets are off, base evolver on _extra_tail only
+                l = PythonPVector(self._count, self._shift, self._root, self._tail).tolist()
+                l.extend(self._extra_tail)
+                self._reset(_EMPTY_PVECTOR)
+                self._extra_tail = l
+
+            del self._extra_tail[key]
+
+        def persistent(self):
+            result = self._orig_pvector
+            if self.is_dirty():
+                result = PythonPVector(self._count, self._shift, self._root, self._tail).extend(self._extra_tail)
+                self._reset(result)
+
+            return result
+
+        def __len__(self):
+            return self._count + len(self._extra_tail)
+
+        def is_dirty(self):
+            return bool(self._dirty_nodes or self._extra_tail)
+
+    def evolver(self):
+        return PythonPVector.Evolver(self)
+
+    def set(self, i, val):
+        # This method could be implemented by a call to mset() but doing so would cause
+        # a ~5 X performance penalty on PyPy (considered the primary platform for this implementation
+        #  of PVector) so we're keeping this implementation for now.
+
+        if not isinstance(i, Integral):
+            raise TypeError("'%s' object cannot be interpreted as an index" % type(i).__name__)
+
+        if i < 0:
+            i += self._count
+
+        if 0 <= i < self._count:
+            if i >= self._tail_offset:
+                new_tail = list(self._tail)
+                new_tail[i & BIT_MASK] = val
+                return PythonPVector(self._count, self._shift, self._root, new_tail)
+
+            return PythonPVector(self._count, self._shift, self._do_set(self._shift, self._root, i, val), self._tail)
+
+        if i == self._count:
+            return self.append(val)
+
+        raise IndexError("Index out of range: %s" % (i,))
+
+    def _do_set(self, level, node, i, val):
+        ret = list(node)
+        if level == 0:
+            ret[i & BIT_MASK] = val
+        else:
+            sub_index = (i >> level) & BIT_MASK  # >>>
+            ret[sub_index] = self._do_set(level - SHIFT, node[sub_index], i, val)
+
+        return ret
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _node_for(pvector_like, i):
+        if 0 <= i < pvector_like._count:
+            if i >= pvector_like._tail_offset:
+                return pvector_like._tail
+
+            node = pvector_like._root
+            for level in range(pvector_like._shift, 0, -SHIFT):
+                node = node[(i >> level) & BIT_MASK]  # >>>
+
+            return node
+
+        raise IndexError("Index out of range: %s" % (i,))
+
+    def _create_new_root(self):
+        new_shift = self._shift
+
+        # Overflow root?
+        if (self._count >> SHIFT) > (1 << self._shift): # >>>
+            new_root = [self._root, self._new_path(self._shift, self._tail)]
+            new_shift += SHIFT
+        else:
+            new_root = self._push_tail(self._shift, self._root, self._tail)
+
+        return new_root, new_shift
+
+    def append(self, val):
+        if len(self._tail) < BRANCH_FACTOR:
+            new_tail = list(self._tail)
+            new_tail.append(val)
+            return PythonPVector(self._count + 1, self._shift, self._root, new_tail)
+
+        # Full tail, push into tree
+        new_root, new_shift = self._create_new_root()
+        return PythonPVector(self._count + 1, new_shift, new_root, [val])
+
+    def _new_path(self, level, node):
+        if level == 0:
+            return node
+
+        return [self._new_path(level - SHIFT, node)]
+
+    def _mutating_insert_tail(self):
+        self._root, self._shift = self._create_new_root()
+        self._tail = []
+
+    def _mutating_fill_tail(self, offset, sequence):
+        max_delta_len = BRANCH_FACTOR - len(self._tail)
+        delta = sequence[offset:offset + max_delta_len]
+        self._tail.extend(delta)
+        delta_len = len(delta)
+        self._count += delta_len
+        return offset + delta_len
+
+    def _mutating_extend(self, sequence):
+        offset = 0
+        sequence_len = len(sequence)
+        while offset < sequence_len:
+            offset = self._mutating_fill_tail(offset, sequence)
+            if len(self._tail) == BRANCH_FACTOR:
+                self._mutating_insert_tail()
+
+        self._tail_offset = self._count - len(self._tail)
+
+    def extend(self, obj):
+        # Mutates the new vector directly for efficiency but that's only an
+        # implementation detail, once it is returned it should be considered immutable
+        l = obj.tolist() if isinstance(obj, PythonPVector) else list(obj)
+        if l:
+            new_vector = self.append(l[0])
+            new_vector._mutating_extend(l[1:])
+            return new_vector
+
+        return self
+
+    def _push_tail(self, level, parent, tail_node):
+        """
+        if parent is leaf, insert node,
+        else does it map to an existing child? ->
+             node_to_insert = push node one more level
+        else alloc new path
+
+        return  node_to_insert placed in copy of parent
+        """
+        ret = list(parent)
+
+        if level == SHIFT:
+            ret.append(tail_node)
+            return ret
+
+        sub_index = ((self._count - 1) >> level) & BIT_MASK  # >>>
+        if len(parent) > sub_index:
+            ret[sub_index] = self._push_tail(level - SHIFT, parent[sub_index], tail_node)
+            return ret
+
+        ret.append(self._new_path(level - SHIFT, tail_node))
+        return ret
+
+    def index(self, value, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.tolist().index(value, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def count(self, value):
+        return self.tolist().count(value)
+
+    def delete(self, index, stop=None):
+        l = self.tolist()
+        del l[_index_or_slice(index, stop)]
+        return _EMPTY_PVECTOR.extend(l)
+
+    def remove(self, value):
+        l = self.tolist()
+        l.remove(value)
+        return _EMPTY_PVECTOR.extend(l)
+
+class PVector(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Persistent vector implementation. Meant as a replacement for the cases where you would normally
+    use a Python list.
+
+    Do not instantiate directly, instead use the factory functions :py:func:`v` and :py:func:`pvector` to
+    create an instance.
+
+    Heavily influenced by the persistent vector available in Clojure. Initially this was more or
+    less just a port of the Java code for the Clojure vector. It has since been modified and to
+    some extent optimized for usage in Python.
+
+    The vector is organized as a trie, any mutating method will return a new vector that contains the changes. No
+    updates are done to the original vector. Structural sharing between vectors are applied where possible to save
+    space and to avoid making complete copies.
+
+    This structure corresponds most closely to the built in list type and is intended as a replacement. Where the
+    semantics are the same (more or less) the same function names have been used but for some cases it is not possible,
+    for example assignments.
+
+    The PVector implements the Sequence protocol and is Hashable.
+
+    Inserts are amortized O(1). Random access is log32(n) where n is the size of the vector.
+
+    The following are examples of some common operations on persistent vectors:
+
+    >>> p = v(1, 2, 3)
+    >>> p2 = p.append(4)
+    >>> p3 = p2.extend([5, 6, 7])
+    >>> p
+    pvector([1, 2, 3])
+    >>> p2
+    pvector([1, 2, 3, 4])
+    >>> p3
+    pvector([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
+    >>> p3[5]
+    6
+    >>> p.set(1, 99)
+    pvector([1, 99, 3])
+    >>>
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __len__(self):
+        """
+        >>> len(v(1, 2, 3))
+        3
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        """
+        Get value at index. Full slicing support.
+
+        >>> v1 = v(5, 6, 7, 8)
+        >>> v1[2]
+        7
+        >>> v1[1:3]
+        pvector([6, 7])
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        """
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2)
+        >>> v2 = v(3, 4)
+        >>> v1 + v2
+        pvector([1, 2, 3, 4])
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __mul__(self, times):
+        """
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2)
+        >>> 3 * v1
+        pvector([1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2])
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __hash__(self):
+        """
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3)
+        >>> v2 = v(1, 2, 3)
+        >>> hash(v1) == hash(v2)
+        True
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def evolver(self):
+        """
+        Create a new evolver for this pvector. The evolver acts as a mutable view of the vector
+        with "transaction like" semantics. No part of the underlying vector i updated, it is still
+        fully immutable. Furthermore multiple evolvers created from the same pvector do not
+        interfere with each other.
+
+        You may want to use an evolver instead of working directly with the pvector in the
+        following cases:
+
+        * Multiple updates are done to the same vector and the intermediate results are of no
+          interest. In this case using an evolver may be a more efficient and easier to work with.
+        * You need to pass a vector into a legacy function or a function that you have no control
+          over which performs in place mutations of lists. In this case pass an evolver instance
+          instead and then create a new pvector from the evolver once the function returns.
+
+        The following example illustrates a typical workflow when working with evolvers. It also
+        displays most of the API (which i kept small by design, you should not be tempted to
+        use evolvers in excess ;-)).
+
+        Create the evolver and perform various mutating updates to it:
+
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+        >>> e = v1.evolver()
+        >>> e[1] = 22
+        >>> _ = e.append(6)
+        >>> _ = e.extend([7, 8, 9])
+        >>> e[8] += 1
+        >>> len(e)
+        9
+
+        The underlying pvector remains the same:
+
+        >>> v1
+        pvector([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+
+        The changes are kept in the evolver. An updated pvector can be created using the
+        persistent() function on the evolver.
+
+        >>> v2 = e.persistent()
+        >>> v2
+        pvector([1, 22, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10])
+
+        The new pvector will share data with the original pvector in the same way that would have
+        been done if only using operations on the pvector.
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def mset(self, *args):
+        """
+        Return a new vector with elements in specified positions replaced by values (multi set).
+
+        Elements on even positions in the argument list are interpreted as indexes while
+        elements on odd positions are considered values.
+
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3)
+        >>> v1.mset(0, 11, 2, 33)
+        pvector([11, 2, 33])
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def set(self, i, val):
+        """
+        Return a new vector with element at position i replaced with val. The original vector remains unchanged.
+
+        Setting a value one step beyond the end of the vector is equal to appending. Setting beyond that will
+        result in an IndexError.
+
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3)
+        >>> v1.set(1, 4)
+        pvector([1, 4, 3])
+        >>> v1.set(3, 4)
+        pvector([1, 2, 3, 4])
+        >>> v1.set(-1, 4)
+        pvector([1, 2, 4])
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def append(self, val):
+        """
+        Return a new vector with val appended.
+
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2)
+        >>> v1.append(3)
+        pvector([1, 2, 3])
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def extend(self, obj):
+        """
+        Return a new vector with all values in obj appended to it. Obj may be another
+        PVector or any other Iterable.
+
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3)
+        >>> v1.extend([4, 5])
+        pvector([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def index(self, value, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Return first index of value. Additional indexes may be supplied to limit the search to a
+        sub range of the vector.
+
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3, 4, 3)
+        >>> v1.index(3)
+        2
+        >>> v1.index(3, 3, 5)
+        4
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def count(self, value):
+        """
+        Return the number of times that value appears in the vector.
+
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 4, 3, 4)
+        >>> v1.count(4)
+        2
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def transform(self, *transformations):
+        """
+        Transform arbitrarily complex combinations of PVectors and PMaps. A transformation
+        consists of two parts. One match expression that specifies which elements to transform
+        and one transformation function that performs the actual transformation.
+
+        >>> from pyrsistent import freeze, ny
+        >>> news_paper = freeze({'articles': [{'author': 'Sara', 'content': 'A short article'},
+        ...                                   {'author': 'Steve', 'content': 'A slightly longer article'}],
+        ...                      'weather': {'temperature': '11C', 'wind': '5m/s'}})
+        >>> short_news = news_paper.transform(['articles', ny, 'content'], lambda c: c[:25] + '...' if len(c) > 25 else c)
+        >>> very_short_news = news_paper.transform(['articles', ny, 'content'], lambda c: c[:15] + '...' if len(c) > 15 else c)
+        >>> very_short_news.articles[0].content
+        'A short article'
+        >>> very_short_news.articles[1].content
+        'A slightly long...'
+
+        When nothing has been transformed the original data structure is kept
+
+        >>> short_news is news_paper
+        True
+        >>> very_short_news is news_paper
+        False
+        >>> very_short_news.articles[0] is news_paper.articles[0]
+        True
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def delete(self, index, stop=None):
+        """
+        Delete a portion of the vector by index or range.
+
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+        >>> v1.delete(1)
+        pvector([1, 3, 4, 5])
+        >>> v1.delete(1, 3)
+        pvector([1, 4, 5])
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def remove(self, value):
+        """
+        Remove the first occurrence of a value from the vector.
+
+        >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3, 2, 1)
+        >>> v2 = v1.remove(1)
+        >>> v2
+        pvector([2, 3, 2, 1])
+        >>> v2.remove(1)
+        pvector([2, 3, 2])
+        """
+
+
+_EMPTY_PVECTOR = PythonPVector(0, SHIFT, [], [])
+PVector.register(PythonPVector)
+Sequence.register(PVector)
+Hashable.register(PVector)
+
+def python_pvector(iterable=()):
+    """
+    Create a new persistent vector containing the elements in iterable.
+
+    >>> v1 = pvector([1, 2, 3])
+    >>> v1
+    pvector([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+    return _EMPTY_PVECTOR.extend(iterable)
+
+try:
+    # Use the C extension as underlying trie implementation if it is available
+    import os
+    if os.environ.get('PYRSISTENT_NO_C_EXTENSION'):
+        pvector = python_pvector
+    else:
+        from pvectorc import pvector
+        PVector.register(type(pvector()))
+except ImportError:
+    pvector = python_pvector
+
+
+def v(*elements):
+    """
+    Create a new persistent vector containing all parameters to this function.
+
+    >>> v1 = v(1, 2, 3)
+    >>> v1
+    pvector([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+    return pvector(elements)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_toolz.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_toolz.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7faed1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_toolz.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+"""
+Functionality copied from the toolz package to avoid having
+to add toolz as a dependency.
+
+See https://github.com/pytoolz/toolz/.
+
+toolz is relased under BSD licence. Below is the licence text
+from toolz as it appeared when copying the code.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Copyright (c) 2013 Matthew Rocklin
+
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+  a. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+     this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+  b. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+  c. Neither the name of toolz nor the names of its contributors
+     may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+     without specific prior written permission.
+
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
+ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+"""
+import operator
+from functools import reduce
+
+
+def get_in(keys, coll, default=None, no_default=False):
+    """
+    NB: This is a straight copy of the get_in implementation found in
+        the toolz library (https://github.com/pytoolz/toolz/). It works
+        with persistent data structures as well as the corresponding
+        datastructures from the stdlib.
+
+    Returns coll[i0][i1]...[iX] where [i0, i1, ..., iX]==keys.
+
+    If coll[i0][i1]...[iX] cannot be found, returns ``default``, unless
+    ``no_default`` is specified, then it raises KeyError or IndexError.
+
+    ``get_in`` is a generalization of ``operator.getitem`` for nested data
+    structures such as dictionaries and lists.
+    >>> from pyrsistent import freeze
+    >>> transaction = freeze({'name': 'Alice',
+    ...                       'purchase': {'items': ['Apple', 'Orange'],
+    ...                                    'costs': [0.50, 1.25]},
+    ...                       'credit card': '5555-1234-1234-1234'})
+    >>> get_in(['purchase', 'items', 0], transaction)
+    'Apple'
+    >>> get_in(['name'], transaction)
+    'Alice'
+    >>> get_in(['purchase', 'total'], transaction)
+    >>> get_in(['purchase', 'items', 'apple'], transaction)
+    >>> get_in(['purchase', 'items', 10], transaction)
+    >>> get_in(['purchase', 'total'], transaction, 0)
+    0
+    >>> get_in(['y'], {}, no_default=True)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    KeyError: 'y'
+    """
+    try:
+        return reduce(operator.getitem, keys, coll)
+    except (KeyError, IndexError, TypeError):
+        if no_default:
+            raise
+        return default
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_transformations.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_transformations.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7544843
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/_transformations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import re
+try:
+    from inspect import Parameter, signature
+except ImportError:
+    signature = None
+    from inspect import getfullargspec
+
+
+_EMPTY_SENTINEL = object()
+
+
+def inc(x):
+    """ Add one to the current value """
+    return x + 1
+
+
+def dec(x):
+    """ Subtract one from the current value """
+    return x - 1
+
+
+def discard(evolver, key):
+    """ Discard the element and returns a structure without the discarded elements """
+    try:
+        del evolver[key]
+    except KeyError:
+        pass
+
+
+# Matchers
+def rex(expr):
+    """ Regular expression matcher to use together with transform functions """
+    r = re.compile(expr)
+    return lambda key: isinstance(key, str) and r.match(key)
+
+
+def ny(_):
+    """ Matcher that matches any value """
+    return True
+
+
+# Support functions
+def _chunks(l, n):
+    for i in range(0, len(l), n):
+        yield l[i:i + n]
+
+
+def transform(structure, transformations):
+    r = structure
+    for path, command in _chunks(transformations, 2):
+        r = _do_to_path(r, path, command)
+    return r
+
+
+def _do_to_path(structure, path, command):
+    if not path:
+        return command(structure) if callable(command) else command
+
+    kvs = _get_keys_and_values(structure, path[0])
+    return _update_structure(structure, kvs, path[1:], command)
+
+
+def _items(structure):
+    try:
+        return structure.items()
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Support wider range of structures by adding a transform_items() or similar?
+        return list(enumerate(structure))
+
+
+def _get(structure, key, default):
+    try:
+        if hasattr(structure, '__getitem__'):
+            return structure[key]
+
+        return getattr(structure, key)
+
+    except (IndexError, KeyError):
+        return default
+
+
+def _get_keys_and_values(structure, key_spec):
+    if callable(key_spec):
+        # Support predicates as callable objects in the path
+        arity = _get_arity(key_spec)
+        if arity == 1:
+            # Unary predicates are called with the "key" of the path
+            # - eg a key in a mapping, an index in a sequence.
+            return [(k, v) for k, v in _items(structure) if key_spec(k)]
+        elif arity == 2:
+            # Binary predicates are called with the key and the corresponding
+            # value.
+            return [(k, v) for k, v in _items(structure) if key_spec(k, v)]
+        else:
+            # Other arities are an error.
+            raise ValueError(
+                "callable in transform path must take 1 or 2 arguments"
+            )
+
+    # Non-callables are used as-is as a key.
+    return [(key_spec, _get(structure, key_spec, _EMPTY_SENTINEL))]
+
+
+if signature is None:
+    def _get_arity(f):
+        argspec = getfullargspec(f)
+        return len(argspec.args) - len(argspec.defaults or ())
+else:
+    def _get_arity(f):
+        return sum(
+            1
+            for p
+            in signature(f).parameters.values()
+            if p.default is Parameter.empty
+            and p.kind in (Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY, Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD)
+        )
+
+
+def _update_structure(structure, kvs, path, command):
+    from pyrsistent._pmap import pmap
+    e = structure.evolver()
+    if not path and command is discard:
+        # Do this in reverse to avoid index problems with vectors. See #92.
+        for k, v in reversed(kvs):
+            discard(e, k)
+    else:
+        for k, v in kvs:
+            is_empty = False
+            if v is _EMPTY_SENTINEL:
+                # Allow expansion of structure but make sure to cover the case
+                # when an empty pmap is added as leaf node. See #154.
+                is_empty = True
+                v = pmap()
+
+            result = _do_to_path(v, path, command)
+            if result is not v or is_empty:
+                e[k] = result
+
+    return e.persistent()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/typing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/typing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a86c83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/typing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+"""Helpers for use with type annotation.
+
+Use the empty classes in this module when annotating the types of Pyrsistent
+objects, instead of using the actual collection class.
+
+For example,
+
+    from pyrsistent import pvector
+    from pyrsistent.typing import PVector
+
+    myvector: PVector[str] = pvector(['a', 'b', 'c'])
+
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+try:
+    from typing import Container
+    from typing import Hashable
+    from typing import Generic
+    from typing import Iterable
+    from typing import Mapping
+    from typing import Sequence
+    from typing import Sized
+    from typing import TypeVar
+
+    __all__ = [
+        'CheckedPMap',
+        'CheckedPSet',
+        'CheckedPVector',
+        'PBag',
+        'PDeque',
+        'PList',
+        'PMap',
+        'PSet',
+        'PVector',
+    ]
+
+    T = TypeVar('T')
+    KT = TypeVar('KT')
+    VT = TypeVar('VT')
+
+    class CheckedPMap(Mapping[KT, VT], Hashable):
+        pass
+
+    # PSet.add and PSet.discard have different type signatures than that of Set.
+    class CheckedPSet(Generic[T], Hashable):
+        pass
+
+    class CheckedPVector(Sequence[T], Hashable):
+        pass
+
+    class PBag(Container[T], Iterable[T], Sized, Hashable):
+        pass
+
+    class PDeque(Sequence[T], Hashable):
+        pass
+
+    class PList(Sequence[T], Hashable):
+        pass
+
+    class PMap(Mapping[KT, VT], Hashable):
+        pass
+
+    # PSet.add and PSet.discard have different type signatures than that of Set.
+    class PSet(Generic[T], Hashable):
+        pass
+
+    class PVector(Sequence[T], Hashable):
+        pass
+
+    class PVectorEvolver(Generic[T]):
+        pass
+
+    class PMapEvolver(Generic[KT, VT]):
+        pass
+
+    class PSetEvolver(Generic[T]):
+        pass
+except ImportError:
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/typing.pyi b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/typing.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0221c48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyrsistent/typing.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+# flake8: noqa: E704
+# from https://gist.github.com/WuTheFWasThat/091a17d4b5cab597dfd5d4c2d96faf09
+# Stubs for pyrsistent (Python 3.6)
+#
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Generic
+from typing import Hashable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import List
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import AbstractSet
+from typing import Sized
+from typing import Set
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import Type
+from typing import Union
+from typing import overload
+
+T = TypeVar('T')
+KT = TypeVar('KT')
+VT = TypeVar('VT')
+
+
+class PMap(Mapping[KT, VT], Hashable):
+    def __add__(self, other: PMap[KT, VT]) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: KT) -> VT: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, key: str) -> VT: ...
+    def __hash__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[KT]: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def copy(self) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ...
+    def discard(self, key: KT) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ...
+    def evolver(self) -> PMapEvolver[KT, VT]: ...
+    def iteritems(self) -> Iterable[Tuple[KT, VT]]: ...
+    def iterkeys(self) -> Iterable[KT]: ...
+    def itervalues(self) -> Iterable[VT]: ...
+    def remove(self, key: KT) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ...
+    def set(self, key: KT, val: VT) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ...
+    def transform(self, *transformations: Any) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ...
+    def update(self, *args: Mapping): ...
+    def update_with(self, update_fn: Callable[[VT, VT], VT], *args: Mapping) -> Any: ...
+
+
+class PMapEvolver(Generic[KT, VT]):
+    def __delitem__(self, key: KT) -> None: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: KT) -> VT: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __setitem__(self, key: KT, val: VT) -> None: ...
+    def is_dirty(self) -> bool: ...
+    def persistent(self) -> PMap[KT, VT]: ...
+    def remove(self, key: KT) -> PMapEvolver[KT, VT]: ...
+    def set(self, key: KT, val: VT) -> PMapEvolver[KT, VT]: ...
+
+
+class PVector(Sequence[T], Hashable):
+    def __add__(self, other: PVector[T]) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: int) -> T: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: slice) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    def __hash__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __mul__(self, other: PVector[T]) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    def append(self, val: T) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    def delete(self, index: int, stop: Optional[int]) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    def evolver(self) -> PVectorEvolver[T]: ...
+    def extend(self, obj: Iterable[T]) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    def tolist(self) -> List[T]: ...
+    def mset(self, *args: Iterable[Union[T, int]]) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    def remove(self, value: T) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    # Not compatible with MutableSequence
+    def set(self, i: int, val: T) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    def transform(self, *transformations: Any) -> PVector[T]: ...
+
+
+class PVectorEvolver(Sequence[T], Sized):
+    def __delitem__(self, i: Union[int, slice]) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: int) -> T: ...
+    # Not actually supported
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: slice) -> PVectorEvolver[T]: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __setitem__(self, index: int, val: T) -> None: ...
+    def append(self, val: T) -> PVectorEvolver[T]: ...
+    def delete(self, value: T) -> PVectorEvolver[T]: ...
+    def extend(self, obj: Iterable[T]) -> PVectorEvolver[T]: ...
+    def is_dirty(self) -> bool: ...
+    def persistent(self) -> PVector[T]: ...
+    def set(self, i: int, val: T) -> PVectorEvolver[T]: ...
+
+
+class PSet(AbstractSet[T], Hashable):
+    def __contains__(self, element: object) -> bool: ...
+    def __hash__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[T]: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def add(self, element: T) -> PSet[T]: ...
+    def copy(self) -> PSet[T]: ...
+    def difference(self, iterable: Iterable) -> PSet[T]: ...
+    def discard(self, element: T) -> PSet[T]: ...
+    def evolver(self) -> PSetEvolver[T]: ...
+    def intersection(self, iterable: Iterable) -> PSet[T]: ...
+    def issubset(self, iterable: Iterable) -> bool: ...
+    def issuperset(self, iterable: Iterable) -> bool: ...
+    def remove(self, element: T) -> PSet[T]: ...
+    def symmetric_difference(self, iterable: Iterable[T]) -> PSet[T]: ...
+    def union(self, iterable: Iterable[T]) -> PSet[T]: ...
+    def update(self, iterable: Iterable[T]) -> PSet[T]: ...
+
+
+class PSetEvolver(Generic[T], Sized):
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def add(self, element: T) -> PSetEvolver[T]: ...
+    def is_dirty(self) -> bool: ...
+    def persistent(self) -> PSet[T]: ...
+    def remove(self, element: T) -> PSetEvolver[T]: ...
+
+
+class PBag(Generic[T], Sized, Hashable):
+    def __add__(self, other: PBag[T]) -> PBag[T]: ...
+    def __and__(self, other: PBag[T]) -> PBag[T]: ...
+    def __contains__(self, elem: object) -> bool: ...
+    def __hash__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[T]: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __or__(self, other: PBag[T]) -> PBag[T]: ...
+    def __sub__(self, other: PBag[T]) -> PBag[T]: ...
+    def add(self, elem: T) -> PBag[T]: ...
+    def count(self, elem: T) -> int: ...
+    def remove(self, elem: T) -> PBag[T]: ...
+    def update(self, iterable: Iterable[T]) -> PBag[T]: ...
+
+
+class PDeque(Sequence[T], Hashable):
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: int) -> T: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: slice) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+    def __hash__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __lt__(self, other: PDeque[T]) -> bool: ...
+    def append(self, elem: T) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+    def appendleft(self, elem: T) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+    def extend(self, iterable: Iterable[T]) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+    def extendleft(self, iterable: Iterable[T]) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+    @property
+    def left(self) -> T: ...
+    # The real return type is Integral according to what pyrsistent
+    # checks at runtime but mypy doesn't deal in numeric.*:
+    # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/2636
+    @property
+    def maxlen(self) -> int: ...
+    def pop(self, count: int = 1) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+    def popleft(self, count: int = 1) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+    def remove(self, elem: T) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+    def reverse(self) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+    @property
+    def right(self) -> T: ...
+    def rotate(self, steps: int) -> PDeque[T]: ...
+
+
+class PList(Sequence[T], Hashable):
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: int) -> T: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, index: slice) -> PList[T]: ...
+    def __hash__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __lt__(self, other: PList[T]) -> bool: ...
+    def __gt__(self, other: PList[T]) -> bool: ...
+    def cons(self, elem: T) -> PList[T]: ...
+    @property
+    def first(self) -> T: ...
+    def mcons(self, iterable: Iterable[T]) -> PList[T]: ...
+    def remove(self, elem: T) -> PList[T]: ...
+    @property
+    def rest(self) -> PList[T]: ...
+    def reverse(self) -> PList[T]: ...
+    def split(self, index: int) -> Tuple[PList[T], PList[T]]: ...
+
+T_PClass = TypeVar('T_PClass', bound='PClass')
+
+class PClass(Hashable):
+    def __new__(cls, **kwargs: Any): ...
+    def set(self: T_PClass, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> T_PClass: ...
+    @classmethod
+    def create(
+        cls: Type[T_PClass],
+        kwargs: Any,
+        _factory_fields: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        ignore_extra: bool = ...,
+    ) -> T_PClass: ...
+    def serialize(self, format: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def transform(self, *transformations: Any): ...
+    def __eq__(self, other: object): ...
+    def __ne__(self, other: object): ...
+    def __hash__(self): ...
+    def __reduce__(self): ...
+    def evolver(self) -> PClassEvolver: ...
+    def remove(self: T_PClass, name: Any) -> T_PClass: ...
+
+class PClassEvolver:
+    def __init__(self, original: Any, initial_dict: Any) -> None: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, item: Any): ...
+    def set(self, key: Any, value: Any): ...
+    def __setitem__(self, key: Any, value: Any) -> None: ...
+    def remove(self, item: Any): ...
+    def __delitem__(self, item: Any) -> None: ...
+    def persistent(self) -> PClass: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, item: Any): ...
+
+
+
+class CheckedPMap(PMap[KT, VT]):
+    __key_type__: Type[KT]
+    __value_type__: Type[VT]
+    def __new__(cls, source: Mapping[KT, VT] = ..., size: int = ...) -> CheckedPMap: ...
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, source_data: Mapping[KT, VT], _factory_fields: Any = ...) -> CheckedPMap[KT, VT]: ...
+    def serialize(self, format: Optional[Any] = ...) -> Dict[KT, VT]: ...
+
+
+class CheckedPVector(PVector[T]):
+    __type__: Type[T]
+    def __new__(self, initial: Iterable[T] = ...) -> CheckedPVector: ...
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, source_data: Iterable[T], _factory_fields: Any = ...) -> CheckedPVector[T]: ...
+    def serialize(self, format: Optional[Any] = ...) -> List[T]: ...
+
+
+class CheckedPSet(PSet[T]):
+    __type__: Type[T]
+    def __new__(cls, initial: Iterable[T] = ...) -> CheckedPSet: ...
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, source_data: Iterable[T], _factory_fields: Any = ...) -> CheckedPSet[T]: ...
+    def serialize(self, format: Optional[Any] = ...) -> Set[T]: ...
+
+
+class InvariantException(Exception):
+    invariant_errors: Tuple[Any, ...] = ...  # possibly nested tuple
+    missing_fields: Tuple[str, ...] = ...
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        error_codes: Any = ...,
+        missing_fields: Any = ...,
+        *args: Any,
+        **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+
+class CheckedTypeError(TypeError):
+    source_class: Type[Any]
+    expected_types: Tuple[Any, ...]
+    actual_type: Type[Any]
+    actual_value: Any
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        source_class: Any,
+        expected_types: Any,
+        actual_type: Any,
+        actual_value: Any,
+        *args: Any,
+        **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+
+class CheckedKeyTypeError(CheckedTypeError): ...
+class CheckedValueTypeError(CheckedTypeError): ...
+class CheckedType: ...
+
+
+class PTypeError(TypeError):
+    source_class: Type[Any] = ...
+    field: str = ...
+    expected_types: Tuple[Any, ...] = ...
+    actual_type: Type[Any] = ...
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        source_class: Any,
+        field: Any,
+        expected_types: Any,
+        actual_type: Any,
+        *args: Any,
+        **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> None: ...
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67db858
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
+
+      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
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+
+      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
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+      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+      exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+      source, and configuration files.
+
+      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
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+
+      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
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+
+      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
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+      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
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+
+      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
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+
+   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
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+      meet the following conditions:
+
+      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
+      (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
+          stating that You changed the files; and
+
+      (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
+          that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
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+
+      (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
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+          pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
+          of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
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+          of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
+          do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
+          notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
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+          that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
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+
+      You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
+      may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
+      for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
+      for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
+      reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
+      the conditions stated in this License.
+
+   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
+   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
+      except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
+      origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
+
+   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+      implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
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+      PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
+      appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
+      risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
+
+   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
+      incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
+      result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
+      Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
+      work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
+      other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
+      has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
+
+   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
+      the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
+      and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
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+      License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
+      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
+      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
+      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6363b20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: requests
+Version: 2.27.1
+Summary: Python HTTP for Humans.
+Home-page: https://requests.readthedocs.io
+Author: Kenneth Reitz
+Author-email: me@kennethreitz.org
+License: Apache 2.0
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://requests.readthedocs.io
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/psf/requests
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License
+Classifier: Natural Language :: English
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
+Requires-Python: >=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*, !=3.5.*
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+Requires-Dist: urllib3 (<1.27,>=1.21.1)
+Requires-Dist: certifi (>=2017.4.17)
+Requires-Dist: chardet (<5,>=3.0.2) ; python_version < "3"
+Requires-Dist: idna (<3,>=2.5) ; python_version < "3"
+Requires-Dist: charset-normalizer (~=2.0.0) ; python_version >= "3"
+Requires-Dist: idna (<4,>=2.5) ; python_version >= "3"
+Provides-Extra: security
+Provides-Extra: socks
+Requires-Dist: PySocks (!=1.5.7,>=1.5.6) ; extra == 'socks'
+Requires-Dist: win-inet-pton ; (sys_platform == "win32" and python_version == "2.7") and extra == 'socks'
+Provides-Extra: use_chardet_on_py3
+Requires-Dist: chardet (<5,>=3.0.2) ; extra == 'use_chardet_on_py3'
+
+# Requests
+
+**Requests** is a simple, yet elegant, HTTP library.
+
+```python
+>>> import requests
+>>> r = requests.get('https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass', auth=('user', 'pass'))
+>>> r.status_code
+200
+>>> r.headers['content-type']
+'application/json; charset=utf8'
+>>> r.encoding
+'utf-8'
+>>> r.text
+'{"authenticated": true, ...'
+>>> r.json()
+{'authenticated': True, ...}
+```
+
+Requests allows you to send HTTP/1.1 requests extremely easily. There’s no need to manually add query strings to your URLs, or to form-encode your `PUT` & `POST` data — but nowadays, just use the `json` method!
+
+Requests is one of the most downloaded Python packages today, pulling in around `30M downloads / week`— according to GitHub, Requests is currently [depended upon](https://github.com/psf/requests/network/dependents?package_id=UGFja2FnZS01NzA4OTExNg%3D%3D) by `1,000,000+` repositories. You may certainly put your trust in this code.
+
+[![Downloads](https://pepy.tech/badge/requests/month)](https://pepy.tech/project/requests)
+[![Supported Versions](https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/requests.svg)](https://pypi.org/project/requests)
+[![Contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/psf/requests.svg)](https://github.com/psf/requests/graphs/contributors)
+
+## Installing Requests and Supported Versions
+
+Requests is available on PyPI:
+
+```console
+$ python -m pip install requests
+```
+
+Requests officially supports Python 2.7 & 3.6+.
+
+## Supported Features & Best–Practices
+
+Requests is ready for the demands of building robust and reliable HTTP–speaking applications, for the needs of today.
+
+- Keep-Alive & Connection Pooling
+- International Domains and URLs
+- Sessions with Cookie Persistence
+- Browser-style TLS/SSL Verification
+- Basic & Digest Authentication
+- Familiar `dict`–like Cookies
+- Automatic Content Decompression and Decoding
+- Multi-part File Uploads
+- SOCKS Proxy Support
+- Connection Timeouts
+- Streaming Downloads
+- Automatic honoring of `.netrc`
+- Chunked HTTP Requests
+
+## API Reference and User Guide available on [Read the Docs](https://requests.readthedocs.io)
+
+[![Read the Docs](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psf/requests/main/ext/ss.png)](https://requests.readthedocs.io)
+
+## Cloning the repository
+
+When cloning the Requests repository, you may need to add the `-c
+fetch.fsck.badTimezone=ignore` flag to avoid an error about a bad commit (see
+[this issue](https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/2690) for more background):
+
+```shell
+git clone -c fetch.fsck.badTimezone=ignore https://github.com/psf/requests.git
+```
+
+You can also apply this setting to your global Git config:
+
+```shell
+git config --global fetch.fsck.badTimezone ignore
+```
+
+---
+
+[![Kenneth Reitz](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psf/requests/main/ext/kr.png)](https://kennethreitz.org) [![Python Software Foundation](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psf/requests/main/ext/psf.png)](https://www.python.org/psf)
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d2faac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+requests-2.27.1.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+requests-2.27.1.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=CeipvOyAZxBGUsFoaFqwkx54aPnIKEtm9a5u2uXxEws,10142
+requests-2.27.1.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=fxIjGa_S2RlpD4oFJGdSuXQWFUGxjcgAhLYF9HwRp8Q,4984
+requests-2.27.1.dist-info/RECORD,,
+requests-2.27.1.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=z9j0xAa_JmUKMpmz72K0ZGALSM_n-wQVmGbleXx2VHg,110
+requests-2.27.1.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=fMSVmHfb5rbGOo6xv-O_tUX6j-WyixssE-SnwcDRxNQ,9
+requests/__init__.py,sha256=BgNBrAYr3DdRWDtkc1IwoSraVBBz1712c_eX4G8h-ak,4924
+requests/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/__version__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/_internal_utils.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/adapters.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/api.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/auth.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/certs.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/compat.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/cookies.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/exceptions.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/help.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/hooks.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/models.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/packages.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/sessions.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/status_codes.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/structures.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__pycache__/utils.cpython-39.pyc,,
+requests/__version__.py,sha256=q8miOQaomOv3S74lK4eQs1zZ5jwcnOusyEU-M2idhts,441
+requests/_internal_utils.py,sha256=Zx3PnEUccyfsB-ie11nZVAW8qClJy0gx1qNME7rgT18,1096
+requests/adapters.py,sha256=YJf_0S2JL5fEs6yPKC3iQ-Iu0UZxDb9H6W5ipVBrIXE,21645
+requests/api.py,sha256=hjuoP79IAEmX6Dysrw8t032cLfwLHxbI_wM4gC5G9t0,6402
+requests/auth.py,sha256=OMoJIVKyRLy9THr91y8rxysZuclwPB-K1Xg1zBomUhQ,10207
+requests/certs.py,sha256=dOB5rV2DZ13dEhq9BUa_4hd5kAqg59e_zUZB00faYz8,453
+requests/compat.py,sha256=wy3bUOq8aKOE7mMZiLJJMXFCaXbhoS-baON60EDvAIg,2054
+requests/cookies.py,sha256=Y-bKX6TvW3FnYlE6Au0SXtVVWcaNdFvuAwQxw-G0iTI,18430
+requests/exceptions.py,sha256=VUKyfNZmXjsjkPgipZupHfkcE3OVdYKx8GqfvWckfwA,3434
+requests/help.py,sha256=ywPNssPohrch_Q_q4_JLJM1z2bP0TirHkA9QnoOF0sY,3968
+requests/hooks.py,sha256=QReGyy0bRcr5rkwCuObNakbYsc7EkiKeBwG4qHekr2Q,757
+requests/models.py,sha256=RfXfgGUZ5X6CWUhUODku7-MOQNWVs7lDZPV6bDC53cY,35051
+requests/packages.py,sha256=kr9J9dYZr9Ef4JmwHbCEUgwViwcCyOUPgfXZvIL84Os,932
+requests/sessions.py,sha256=Zu-Y9YPlwTIsyFx1hvIrc3ziyeFpuFPqcOuSuz8BNWs,29835
+requests/status_codes.py,sha256=gT79Pbs_cQjBgp-fvrUgg1dn2DQO32bDj4TInjnMPSc,4188
+requests/structures.py,sha256=msAtr9mq1JxHd-JRyiILfdFlpbJwvvFuP3rfUQT_QxE,3005
+requests/utils.py,sha256=MKTK3du_WmmO2nv_SkeV880VwfIYhJbvd1Lz7uDioP8,33277
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b18a28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f229360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests-2.27.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+requests
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53a5b42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+#   __
+#  /__)  _  _     _   _ _/   _
+# / (   (- (/ (/ (- _)  /  _)
+#          /
+
+"""
+Requests HTTP Library
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Requests is an HTTP library, written in Python, for human beings.
+Basic GET usage:
+
+   >>> import requests
+   >>> r = requests.get('https://www.python.org')
+   >>> r.status_code
+   200
+   >>> b'Python is a programming language' in r.content
+   True
+
+... or POST:
+
+   >>> payload = dict(key1='value1', key2='value2')
+   >>> r = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', data=payload)
+   >>> print(r.text)
+   {
+     ...
+     "form": {
+       "key1": "value1",
+       "key2": "value2"
+     },
+     ...
+   }
+
+The other HTTP methods are supported - see `requests.api`. Full documentation
+is at <https://requests.readthedocs.io>.
+
+:copyright: (c) 2017 by Kenneth Reitz.
+:license: Apache 2.0, see LICENSE for more details.
+"""
+
+import urllib3
+import warnings
+from .exceptions import RequestsDependencyWarning
+
+try:
+    from charset_normalizer import __version__ as charset_normalizer_version
+except ImportError:
+    charset_normalizer_version = None
+
+try:
+    from chardet import __version__ as chardet_version
+except ImportError:
+    chardet_version = None
+
+def check_compatibility(urllib3_version, chardet_version, charset_normalizer_version):
+    urllib3_version = urllib3_version.split('.')
+    assert urllib3_version != ['dev']  # Verify urllib3 isn't installed from git.
+
+    # Sometimes, urllib3 only reports its version as 16.1.
+    if len(urllib3_version) == 2:
+        urllib3_version.append('0')
+
+    # Check urllib3 for compatibility.
+    major, minor, patch = urllib3_version  # noqa: F811
+    major, minor, patch = int(major), int(minor), int(patch)
+    # urllib3 >= 1.21.1, <= 1.26
+    assert major == 1
+    assert minor >= 21
+    assert minor <= 26
+
+    # Check charset_normalizer for compatibility.
+    if chardet_version:
+        major, minor, patch = chardet_version.split('.')[:3]
+        major, minor, patch = int(major), int(minor), int(patch)
+        # chardet_version >= 3.0.2, < 5.0.0
+        assert (3, 0, 2) <= (major, minor, patch) < (5, 0, 0)
+    elif charset_normalizer_version:
+        major, minor, patch = charset_normalizer_version.split('.')[:3]
+        major, minor, patch = int(major), int(minor), int(patch)
+        # charset_normalizer >= 2.0.0 < 3.0.0
+        assert (2, 0, 0) <= (major, minor, patch) < (3, 0, 0)
+    else:
+        raise Exception("You need either charset_normalizer or chardet installed")
+
+def _check_cryptography(cryptography_version):
+    # cryptography < 1.3.4
+    try:
+        cryptography_version = list(map(int, cryptography_version.split('.')))
+    except ValueError:
+        return
+
+    if cryptography_version < [1, 3, 4]:
+        warning = 'Old version of cryptography ({}) may cause slowdown.'.format(cryptography_version)
+        warnings.warn(warning, RequestsDependencyWarning)
+
+# Check imported dependencies for compatibility.
+try:
+    check_compatibility(urllib3.__version__, chardet_version, charset_normalizer_version)
+except (AssertionError, ValueError):
+    warnings.warn("urllib3 ({}) or chardet ({})/charset_normalizer ({}) doesn't match a supported "
+                  "version!".format(urllib3.__version__, chardet_version, charset_normalizer_version),
+                  RequestsDependencyWarning)
+
+# Attempt to enable urllib3's fallback for SNI support
+# if the standard library doesn't support SNI or the
+# 'ssl' library isn't available.
+try:
+    try:
+        import ssl
+    except ImportError:
+        ssl = None
+
+    if not getattr(ssl, "HAS_SNI", False):
+        from urllib3.contrib import pyopenssl
+        pyopenssl.inject_into_urllib3()
+
+        # Check cryptography version
+        from cryptography import __version__ as cryptography_version
+        _check_cryptography(cryptography_version)
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+# urllib3's DependencyWarnings should be silenced.
+from urllib3.exceptions import DependencyWarning
+warnings.simplefilter('ignore', DependencyWarning)
+
+from .__version__ import __title__, __description__, __url__, __version__
+from .__version__ import __build__, __author__, __author_email__, __license__
+from .__version__ import __copyright__, __cake__
+
+from . import utils
+from . import packages
+from .models import Request, Response, PreparedRequest
+from .api import request, get, head, post, patch, put, delete, options
+from .sessions import session, Session
+from .status_codes import codes
+from .exceptions import (
+    RequestException, Timeout, URLRequired,
+    TooManyRedirects, HTTPError, ConnectionError,
+    FileModeWarning, ConnectTimeout, ReadTimeout, JSONDecodeError
+)
+
+# Set default logging handler to avoid "No handler found" warnings.
+import logging
+from logging import NullHandler
+
+logging.getLogger(__name__).addHandler(NullHandler())
+
+# FileModeWarnings go off per the default.
+warnings.simplefilter('default', FileModeWarning, append=True)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/__version__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/__version__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e973b03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/__version__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# .-. .-. .-. . . .-. .-. .-. .-.
+# |(  |-  |.| | | |-  `-.  |  `-.
+# ' ' `-' `-`.`-' `-' `-'  '  `-'
+
+__title__ = 'requests'
+__description__ = 'Python HTTP for Humans.'
+__url__ = 'https://requests.readthedocs.io'
+__version__ = '2.27.1'
+__build__ = 0x022701
+__author__ = 'Kenneth Reitz'
+__author_email__ = 'me@kennethreitz.org'
+__license__ = 'Apache 2.0'
+__copyright__ = 'Copyright 2022 Kenneth Reitz'
+__cake__ = u'\u2728 \U0001f370 \u2728'
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/_internal_utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/_internal_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..759d9a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/_internal_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests._internal_utils
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Provides utility functions that are consumed internally by Requests
+which depend on extremely few external helpers (such as compat)
+"""
+
+from .compat import is_py2, builtin_str, str
+
+
+def to_native_string(string, encoding='ascii'):
+    """Given a string object, regardless of type, returns a representation of
+    that string in the native string type, encoding and decoding where
+    necessary. This assumes ASCII unless told otherwise.
+    """
+    if isinstance(string, builtin_str):
+        out = string
+    else:
+        if is_py2:
+            out = string.encode(encoding)
+        else:
+            out = string.decode(encoding)
+
+    return out
+
+
+def unicode_is_ascii(u_string):
+    """Determine if unicode string only contains ASCII characters.
+
+    :param str u_string: unicode string to check. Must be unicode
+        and not Python 2 `str`.
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    assert isinstance(u_string, str)
+    try:
+        u_string.encode('ascii')
+        return True
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/adapters.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/adapters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe22ff4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/adapters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,538 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.adapters
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module contains the transport adapters that Requests uses to define
+and maintain connections.
+"""
+
+import os.path
+import socket
+
+from urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager, proxy_from_url
+from urllib3.response import HTTPResponse
+from urllib3.util import parse_url
+from urllib3.util import Timeout as TimeoutSauce
+from urllib3.util.retry import Retry
+from urllib3.exceptions import ClosedPoolError
+from urllib3.exceptions import ConnectTimeoutError
+from urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as _HTTPError
+from urllib3.exceptions import InvalidHeader as _InvalidHeader
+from urllib3.exceptions import MaxRetryError
+from urllib3.exceptions import NewConnectionError
+from urllib3.exceptions import ProxyError as _ProxyError
+from urllib3.exceptions import ProtocolError
+from urllib3.exceptions import ReadTimeoutError
+from urllib3.exceptions import SSLError as _SSLError
+from urllib3.exceptions import ResponseError
+from urllib3.exceptions import LocationValueError
+
+from .models import Response
+from .compat import urlparse, basestring
+from .utils import (DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH, extract_zipped_paths,
+                    get_encoding_from_headers, prepend_scheme_if_needed,
+                    get_auth_from_url, urldefragauth, select_proxy)
+from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+from .cookies import extract_cookies_to_jar
+from .exceptions import (ConnectionError, ConnectTimeout, ReadTimeout, SSLError,
+                         ProxyError, RetryError, InvalidSchema, InvalidProxyURL,
+                         InvalidURL, InvalidHeader)
+from .auth import _basic_auth_str
+
+try:
+    from urllib3.contrib.socks import SOCKSProxyManager
+except ImportError:
+    def SOCKSProxyManager(*args, **kwargs):
+        raise InvalidSchema("Missing dependencies for SOCKS support.")
+
+DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK = False
+DEFAULT_POOLSIZE = 10
+DEFAULT_RETRIES = 0
+DEFAULT_POOL_TIMEOUT = None
+
+
+class BaseAdapter(object):
+    """The Base Transport Adapter"""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(BaseAdapter, self).__init__()
+
+    def send(self, request, stream=False, timeout=None, verify=True,
+             cert=None, proxies=None):
+        """Sends PreparedRequest object. Returns Response object.
+
+        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
+        :param stream: (optional) Whether to stream the request content.
+        :param timeout: (optional) How long to wait for the server to send
+            data before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout,
+            read timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
+        :type timeout: float or tuple
+        :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
+            the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
+            to a CA bundle to use
+        :param cert: (optional) Any user-provided SSL certificate to be trusted.
+        :param proxies: (optional) The proxies dictionary to apply to the request.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Cleans up adapter specific items."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
+    """The built-in HTTP Adapter for urllib3.
+
+    Provides a general-case interface for Requests sessions to contact HTTP and
+    HTTPS urls by implementing the Transport Adapter interface. This class will
+    usually be created by the :class:`Session <Session>` class under the
+    covers.
+
+    :param pool_connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache.
+    :param pool_maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool.
+    :param max_retries: The maximum number of retries each connection
+        should attempt. Note, this applies only to failed DNS lookups, socket
+        connections and connection timeouts, never to requests where data has
+        made it to the server. By default, Requests does not retry failed
+        connections. If you need granular control over the conditions under
+        which we retry a request, import urllib3's ``Retry`` class and pass
+        that instead.
+    :param pool_block: Whether the connection pool should block for connections.
+
+    Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> s = requests.Session()
+      >>> a = requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter(max_retries=3)
+      >>> s.mount('http://', a)
+    """
+    __attrs__ = ['max_retries', 'config', '_pool_connections', '_pool_maxsize',
+                 '_pool_block']
+
+    def __init__(self, pool_connections=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE,
+                 pool_maxsize=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE, max_retries=DEFAULT_RETRIES,
+                 pool_block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK):
+        if max_retries == DEFAULT_RETRIES:
+            self.max_retries = Retry(0, read=False)
+        else:
+            self.max_retries = Retry.from_int(max_retries)
+        self.config = {}
+        self.proxy_manager = {}
+
+        super(HTTPAdapter, self).__init__()
+
+        self._pool_connections = pool_connections
+        self._pool_maxsize = pool_maxsize
+        self._pool_block = pool_block
+
+        self.init_poolmanager(pool_connections, pool_maxsize, block=pool_block)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return {attr: getattr(self, attr, None) for attr in self.__attrs__}
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        # Can't handle by adding 'proxy_manager' to self.__attrs__ because
+        # self.poolmanager uses a lambda function, which isn't pickleable.
+        self.proxy_manager = {}
+        self.config = {}
+
+        for attr, value in state.items():
+            setattr(self, attr, value)
+
+        self.init_poolmanager(self._pool_connections, self._pool_maxsize,
+                              block=self._pool_block)
+
+    def init_poolmanager(self, connections, maxsize, block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK, **pool_kwargs):
+        """Initializes a urllib3 PoolManager.
+
+        This method should not be called from user code, and is only
+        exposed for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache.
+        :param maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool.
+        :param block: Block when no free connections are available.
+        :param pool_kwargs: Extra keyword arguments used to initialize the Pool Manager.
+        """
+        # save these values for pickling
+        self._pool_connections = connections
+        self._pool_maxsize = maxsize
+        self._pool_block = block
+
+        self.poolmanager = PoolManager(num_pools=connections, maxsize=maxsize,
+                                       block=block, strict=True, **pool_kwargs)
+
+    def proxy_manager_for(self, proxy, **proxy_kwargs):
+        """Return urllib3 ProxyManager for the given proxy.
+
+        This method should not be called from user code, and is only
+        exposed for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param proxy: The proxy to return a urllib3 ProxyManager for.
+        :param proxy_kwargs: Extra keyword arguments used to configure the Proxy Manager.
+        :returns: ProxyManager
+        :rtype: urllib3.ProxyManager
+        """
+        if proxy in self.proxy_manager:
+            manager = self.proxy_manager[proxy]
+        elif proxy.lower().startswith('socks'):
+            username, password = get_auth_from_url(proxy)
+            manager = self.proxy_manager[proxy] = SOCKSProxyManager(
+                proxy,
+                username=username,
+                password=password,
+                num_pools=self._pool_connections,
+                maxsize=self._pool_maxsize,
+                block=self._pool_block,
+                **proxy_kwargs
+            )
+        else:
+            proxy_headers = self.proxy_headers(proxy)
+            manager = self.proxy_manager[proxy] = proxy_from_url(
+                proxy,
+                proxy_headers=proxy_headers,
+                num_pools=self._pool_connections,
+                maxsize=self._pool_maxsize,
+                block=self._pool_block,
+                **proxy_kwargs)
+
+        return manager
+
+    def cert_verify(self, conn, url, verify, cert):
+        """Verify a SSL certificate. This method should not be called from user
+        code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param conn: The urllib3 connection object associated with the cert.
+        :param url: The requested URL.
+        :param verify: Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
+            the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
+            to a CA bundle to use
+        :param cert: The SSL certificate to verify.
+        """
+        if url.lower().startswith('https') and verify:
+
+            cert_loc = None
+
+            # Allow self-specified cert location.
+            if verify is not True:
+                cert_loc = verify
+
+            if not cert_loc:
+                cert_loc = extract_zipped_paths(DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH)
+
+            if not cert_loc or not os.path.exists(cert_loc):
+                raise IOError("Could not find a suitable TLS CA certificate bundle, "
+                              "invalid path: {}".format(cert_loc))
+
+            conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_REQUIRED'
+
+            if not os.path.isdir(cert_loc):
+                conn.ca_certs = cert_loc
+            else:
+                conn.ca_cert_dir = cert_loc
+        else:
+            conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_NONE'
+            conn.ca_certs = None
+            conn.ca_cert_dir = None
+
+        if cert:
+            if not isinstance(cert, basestring):
+                conn.cert_file = cert[0]
+                conn.key_file = cert[1]
+            else:
+                conn.cert_file = cert
+                conn.key_file = None
+            if conn.cert_file and not os.path.exists(conn.cert_file):
+                raise IOError("Could not find the TLS certificate file, "
+                              "invalid path: {}".format(conn.cert_file))
+            if conn.key_file and not os.path.exists(conn.key_file):
+                raise IOError("Could not find the TLS key file, "
+                              "invalid path: {}".format(conn.key_file))
+
+    def build_response(self, req, resp):
+        """Builds a :class:`Response <requests.Response>` object from a urllib3
+        response. This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed
+        for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`
+
+        :param req: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` used to generate the response.
+        :param resp: The urllib3 response object.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+        response = Response()
+
+        # Fallback to None if there's no status_code, for whatever reason.
+        response.status_code = getattr(resp, 'status', None)
+
+        # Make headers case-insensitive.
+        response.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(getattr(resp, 'headers', {}))
+
+        # Set encoding.
+        response.encoding = get_encoding_from_headers(response.headers)
+        response.raw = resp
+        response.reason = response.raw.reason
+
+        if isinstance(req.url, bytes):
+            response.url = req.url.decode('utf-8')
+        else:
+            response.url = req.url
+
+        # Add new cookies from the server.
+        extract_cookies_to_jar(response.cookies, req, resp)
+
+        # Give the Response some context.
+        response.request = req
+        response.connection = self
+
+        return response
+
+    def get_connection(self, url, proxies=None):
+        """Returns a urllib3 connection for the given URL. This should not be
+        called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param url: The URL to connect to.
+        :param proxies: (optional) A Requests-style dictionary of proxies used on this request.
+        :rtype: urllib3.ConnectionPool
+        """
+        proxy = select_proxy(url, proxies)
+
+        if proxy:
+            proxy = prepend_scheme_if_needed(proxy, 'http')
+            proxy_url = parse_url(proxy)
+            if not proxy_url.host:
+                raise InvalidProxyURL("Please check proxy URL. It is malformed"
+                                      " and could be missing the host.")
+            proxy_manager = self.proxy_manager_for(proxy)
+            conn = proxy_manager.connection_from_url(url)
+        else:
+            # Only scheme should be lower case
+            parsed = urlparse(url)
+            url = parsed.geturl()
+            conn = self.poolmanager.connection_from_url(url)
+
+        return conn
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Disposes of any internal state.
+
+        Currently, this closes the PoolManager and any active ProxyManager,
+        which closes any pooled connections.
+        """
+        self.poolmanager.clear()
+        for proxy in self.proxy_manager.values():
+            proxy.clear()
+
+    def request_url(self, request, proxies):
+        """Obtain the url to use when making the final request.
+
+        If the message is being sent through a HTTP proxy, the full URL has to
+        be used. Otherwise, we should only use the path portion of the URL.
+
+        This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
+        when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
+        :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes or schemes and hosts to proxy URLs.
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        proxy = select_proxy(request.url, proxies)
+        scheme = urlparse(request.url).scheme
+
+        is_proxied_http_request = (proxy and scheme != 'https')
+        using_socks_proxy = False
+        if proxy:
+            proxy_scheme = urlparse(proxy).scheme.lower()
+            using_socks_proxy = proxy_scheme.startswith('socks')
+
+        url = request.path_url
+        if is_proxied_http_request and not using_socks_proxy:
+            url = urldefragauth(request.url)
+
+        return url
+
+    def add_headers(self, request, **kwargs):
+        """Add any headers needed by the connection. As of v2.0 this does
+        nothing by default, but is left for overriding by users that subclass
+        the :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
+        when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` to add headers to.
+        :param kwargs: The keyword arguments from the call to send().
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def proxy_headers(self, proxy):
+        """Returns a dictionary of the headers to add to any request sent
+        through a proxy. This works with urllib3 magic to ensure that they are
+        correctly sent to the proxy, rather than in a tunnelled request if
+        CONNECT is being used.
+
+        This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
+        when subclassing the
+        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
+
+        :param proxy: The url of the proxy being used for this request.
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        headers = {}
+        username, password = get_auth_from_url(proxy)
+
+        if username:
+            headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(username,
+                                                             password)
+
+        return headers
+
+    def send(self, request, stream=False, timeout=None, verify=True, cert=None, proxies=None):
+        """Sends PreparedRequest object. Returns Response object.
+
+        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
+        :param stream: (optional) Whether to stream the request content.
+        :param timeout: (optional) How long to wait for the server to send
+            data before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout,
+            read timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
+        :type timeout: float or tuple or urllib3 Timeout object
+        :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether
+            we verify the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it
+            must be a path to a CA bundle to use
+        :param cert: (optional) Any user-provided SSL certificate to be trusted.
+        :param proxies: (optional) The proxies dictionary to apply to the request.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        try:
+            conn = self.get_connection(request.url, proxies)
+        except LocationValueError as e:
+            raise InvalidURL(e, request=request)
+
+        self.cert_verify(conn, request.url, verify, cert)
+        url = self.request_url(request, proxies)
+        self.add_headers(request, stream=stream, timeout=timeout, verify=verify, cert=cert, proxies=proxies)
+
+        chunked = not (request.body is None or 'Content-Length' in request.headers)
+
+        if isinstance(timeout, tuple):
+            try:
+                connect, read = timeout
+                timeout = TimeoutSauce(connect=connect, read=read)
+            except ValueError as e:
+                # this may raise a string formatting error.
+                err = ("Invalid timeout {}. Pass a (connect, read) "
+                       "timeout tuple, or a single float to set "
+                       "both timeouts to the same value".format(timeout))
+                raise ValueError(err)
+        elif isinstance(timeout, TimeoutSauce):
+            pass
+        else:
+            timeout = TimeoutSauce(connect=timeout, read=timeout)
+
+        try:
+            if not chunked:
+                resp = conn.urlopen(
+                    method=request.method,
+                    url=url,
+                    body=request.body,
+                    headers=request.headers,
+                    redirect=False,
+                    assert_same_host=False,
+                    preload_content=False,
+                    decode_content=False,
+                    retries=self.max_retries,
+                    timeout=timeout
+                )
+
+            # Send the request.
+            else:
+                if hasattr(conn, 'proxy_pool'):
+                    conn = conn.proxy_pool
+
+                low_conn = conn._get_conn(timeout=DEFAULT_POOL_TIMEOUT)
+
+                try:
+                    skip_host = 'Host' in request.headers
+                    low_conn.putrequest(request.method,
+                                        url,
+                                        skip_accept_encoding=True,
+                                        skip_host=skip_host)
+
+                    for header, value in request.headers.items():
+                        low_conn.putheader(header, value)
+
+                    low_conn.endheaders()
+
+                    for i in request.body:
+                        low_conn.send(hex(len(i))[2:].encode('utf-8'))
+                        low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
+                        low_conn.send(i)
+                        low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
+                    low_conn.send(b'0\r\n\r\n')
+
+                    # Receive the response from the server
+                    try:
+                        # For Python 2.7, use buffering of HTTP responses
+                        r = low_conn.getresponse(buffering=True)
+                    except TypeError:
+                        # For compatibility with Python 3.3+
+                        r = low_conn.getresponse()
+
+                    resp = HTTPResponse.from_httplib(
+                        r,
+                        pool=conn,
+                        connection=low_conn,
+                        preload_content=False,
+                        decode_content=False
+                    )
+                except:
+                    # If we hit any problems here, clean up the connection.
+                    # Then, reraise so that we can handle the actual exception.
+                    low_conn.close()
+                    raise
+
+        except (ProtocolError, socket.error) as err:
+            raise ConnectionError(err, request=request)
+
+        except MaxRetryError as e:
+            if isinstance(e.reason, ConnectTimeoutError):
+                # TODO: Remove this in 3.0.0: see #2811
+                if not isinstance(e.reason, NewConnectionError):
+                    raise ConnectTimeout(e, request=request)
+
+            if isinstance(e.reason, ResponseError):
+                raise RetryError(e, request=request)
+
+            if isinstance(e.reason, _ProxyError):
+                raise ProxyError(e, request=request)
+
+            if isinstance(e.reason, _SSLError):
+                # This branch is for urllib3 v1.22 and later.
+                raise SSLError(e, request=request)
+
+            raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
+
+        except ClosedPoolError as e:
+            raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
+
+        except _ProxyError as e:
+            raise ProxyError(e)
+
+        except (_SSLError, _HTTPError) as e:
+            if isinstance(e, _SSLError):
+                # This branch is for urllib3 versions earlier than v1.22
+                raise SSLError(e, request=request)
+            elif isinstance(e, ReadTimeoutError):
+                raise ReadTimeout(e, request=request)
+            elif isinstance(e, _InvalidHeader):
+                raise InvalidHeader(e, request=request)
+            else:
+                raise
+
+        return self.build_response(request, resp)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cba90e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.api
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module implements the Requests API.
+
+:copyright: (c) 2012 by Kenneth Reitz.
+:license: Apache2, see LICENSE for more details.
+"""
+
+from . import sessions
+
+
+def request(method, url, **kwargs):
+    """Constructs and sends a :class:`Request <Request>`.
+
+    :param method: method for the new :class:`Request` object: ``GET``, ``OPTIONS``, ``HEAD``, ``POST``, ``PUT``, ``PATCH``, or ``DELETE``.
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send
+        in the query string for the :class:`Request`.
+    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param json: (optional) A JSON serializable Python object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param headers: (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with the :class:`Request`.
+    :param cookies: (optional) Dict or CookieJar object to send with the :class:`Request`.
+    :param files: (optional) Dictionary of ``'name': file-like-objects`` (or ``{'name': file-tuple}``) for multipart encoding upload.
+        ``file-tuple`` can be a 2-tuple ``('filename', fileobj)``, 3-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type')``
+        or a 4-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type', custom_headers)``, where ``'content-type'`` is a string
+        defining the content type of the given file and ``custom_headers`` a dict-like object containing additional headers
+        to add for the file.
+    :param auth: (optional) Auth tuple to enable Basic/Digest/Custom HTTP Auth.
+    :param timeout: (optional) How many seconds to wait for the server to send data
+        before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout, read
+        timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
+    :type timeout: float or tuple
+    :param allow_redirects: (optional) Boolean. Enable/disable GET/OPTIONS/POST/PUT/PATCH/DELETE/HEAD redirection. Defaults to ``True``.
+    :type allow_redirects: bool
+    :param proxies: (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy.
+    :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
+            the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
+            to a CA bundle to use. Defaults to ``True``.
+    :param stream: (optional) if ``False``, the response content will be immediately downloaded.
+    :param cert: (optional) if String, path to ssl client cert file (.pem). If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+
+    Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> req = requests.request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')
+      >>> req
+      <Response [200]>
+    """
+
+    # By using the 'with' statement we are sure the session is closed, thus we
+    # avoid leaving sockets open which can trigger a ResourceWarning in some
+    # cases, and look like a memory leak in others.
+    with sessions.Session() as session:
+        return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
+
+
+def get(url, params=None, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a GET request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send
+        in the query string for the :class:`Request`.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
+
+
+def options(url, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends an OPTIONS request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('options', url, **kwargs)
+
+
+def head(url, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a HEAD request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes. If
+        `allow_redirects` is not provided, it will be set to `False` (as
+        opposed to the default :meth:`request` behavior).
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', False)
+    return request('head', url, **kwargs)
+
+
+def post(url, data=None, json=None, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a POST request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param json: (optional) json data to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('post', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
+
+
+def put(url, data=None, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a PUT request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param json: (optional) json data to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('put', url, data=data, **kwargs)
+
+
+def patch(url, data=None, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a PATCH request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param json: (optional) json data to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('patch', url, data=data, **kwargs)
+
+
+def delete(url, **kwargs):
+    r"""Sends a DELETE request.
+
+    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+    :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object
+    :rtype: requests.Response
+    """
+
+    return request('delete', url, **kwargs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/auth.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/auth.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eeface3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.auth
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module contains the authentication handlers for Requests.
+"""
+
+import os
+import re
+import time
+import hashlib
+import threading
+import warnings
+
+from base64 import b64encode
+
+from .compat import urlparse, str, basestring
+from .cookies import extract_cookies_to_jar
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string
+from .utils import parse_dict_header
+
+CONTENT_TYPE_FORM_URLENCODED = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+CONTENT_TYPE_MULTI_PART = 'multipart/form-data'
+
+
+def _basic_auth_str(username, password):
+    """Returns a Basic Auth string."""
+
+    # "I want us to put a big-ol' comment on top of it that
+    # says that this behaviour is dumb but we need to preserve
+    # it because people are relying on it."
+    #    - Lukasa
+    #
+    # These are here solely to maintain backwards compatibility
+    # for things like ints. This will be removed in 3.0.0.
+    if not isinstance(username, basestring):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Non-string usernames will no longer be supported in Requests "
+            "3.0.0. Please convert the object you've passed in ({!r}) to "
+            "a string or bytes object in the near future to avoid "
+            "problems.".format(username),
+            category=DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        username = str(username)
+
+    if not isinstance(password, basestring):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Non-string passwords will no longer be supported in Requests "
+            "3.0.0. Please convert the object you've passed in ({!r}) to "
+            "a string or bytes object in the near future to avoid "
+            "problems.".format(type(password)),
+            category=DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        password = str(password)
+    # -- End Removal --
+
+    if isinstance(username, str):
+        username = username.encode('latin1')
+
+    if isinstance(password, str):
+        password = password.encode('latin1')
+
+    authstr = 'Basic ' + to_native_string(
+        b64encode(b':'.join((username, password))).strip()
+    )
+
+    return authstr
+
+
+class AuthBase(object):
+    """Base class that all auth implementations derive from"""
+
+    def __call__(self, r):
+        raise NotImplementedError('Auth hooks must be callable.')
+
+
+class HTTPBasicAuth(AuthBase):
+    """Attaches HTTP Basic Authentication to the given Request object."""
+
+    def __init__(self, username, password):
+        self.username = username
+        self.password = password
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return all([
+            self.username == getattr(other, 'username', None),
+            self.password == getattr(other, 'password', None)
+        ])
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    def __call__(self, r):
+        r.headers['Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(self.username, self.password)
+        return r
+
+
+class HTTPProxyAuth(HTTPBasicAuth):
+    """Attaches HTTP Proxy Authentication to a given Request object."""
+
+    def __call__(self, r):
+        r.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(self.username, self.password)
+        return r
+
+
+class HTTPDigestAuth(AuthBase):
+    """Attaches HTTP Digest Authentication to the given Request object."""
+
+    def __init__(self, username, password):
+        self.username = username
+        self.password = password
+        # Keep state in per-thread local storage
+        self._thread_local = threading.local()
+
+    def init_per_thread_state(self):
+        # Ensure state is initialized just once per-thread
+        if not hasattr(self._thread_local, 'init'):
+            self._thread_local.init = True
+            self._thread_local.last_nonce = ''
+            self._thread_local.nonce_count = 0
+            self._thread_local.chal = {}
+            self._thread_local.pos = None
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls = None
+
+    def build_digest_header(self, method, url):
+        """
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+
+        realm = self._thread_local.chal['realm']
+        nonce = self._thread_local.chal['nonce']
+        qop = self._thread_local.chal.get('qop')
+        algorithm = self._thread_local.chal.get('algorithm')
+        opaque = self._thread_local.chal.get('opaque')
+        hash_utf8 = None
+
+        if algorithm is None:
+            _algorithm = 'MD5'
+        else:
+            _algorithm = algorithm.upper()
+        # lambdas assume digest modules are imported at the top level
+        if _algorithm == 'MD5' or _algorithm == 'MD5-SESS':
+            def md5_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.md5(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = md5_utf8
+        elif _algorithm == 'SHA':
+            def sha_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.sha1(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = sha_utf8
+        elif _algorithm == 'SHA-256':
+            def sha256_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.sha256(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = sha256_utf8
+        elif _algorithm == 'SHA-512':
+            def sha512_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.sha512(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = sha512_utf8
+
+        KD = lambda s, d: hash_utf8("%s:%s" % (s, d))
+
+        if hash_utf8 is None:
+            return None
+
+        # XXX not implemented yet
+        entdig = None
+        p_parsed = urlparse(url)
+        #: path is request-uri defined in RFC 2616 which should not be empty
+        path = p_parsed.path or "/"
+        if p_parsed.query:
+            path += '?' + p_parsed.query
+
+        A1 = '%s:%s:%s' % (self.username, realm, self.password)
+        A2 = '%s:%s' % (method, path)
+
+        HA1 = hash_utf8(A1)
+        HA2 = hash_utf8(A2)
+
+        if nonce == self._thread_local.last_nonce:
+            self._thread_local.nonce_count += 1
+        else:
+            self._thread_local.nonce_count = 1
+        ncvalue = '%08x' % self._thread_local.nonce_count
+        s = str(self._thread_local.nonce_count).encode('utf-8')
+        s += nonce.encode('utf-8')
+        s += time.ctime().encode('utf-8')
+        s += os.urandom(8)
+
+        cnonce = (hashlib.sha1(s).hexdigest()[:16])
+        if _algorithm == 'MD5-SESS':
+            HA1 = hash_utf8('%s:%s:%s' % (HA1, nonce, cnonce))
+
+        if not qop:
+            respdig = KD(HA1, "%s:%s" % (nonce, HA2))
+        elif qop == 'auth' or 'auth' in qop.split(','):
+            noncebit = "%s:%s:%s:%s:%s" % (
+                nonce, ncvalue, cnonce, 'auth', HA2
+            )
+            respdig = KD(HA1, noncebit)
+        else:
+            # XXX handle auth-int.
+            return None
+
+        self._thread_local.last_nonce = nonce
+
+        # XXX should the partial digests be encoded too?
+        base = 'username="%s", realm="%s", nonce="%s", uri="%s", ' \
+               'response="%s"' % (self.username, realm, nonce, path, respdig)
+        if opaque:
+            base += ', opaque="%s"' % opaque
+        if algorithm:
+            base += ', algorithm="%s"' % algorithm
+        if entdig:
+            base += ', digest="%s"' % entdig
+        if qop:
+            base += ', qop="auth", nc=%s, cnonce="%s"' % (ncvalue, cnonce)
+
+        return 'Digest %s' % (base)
+
+    def handle_redirect(self, r, **kwargs):
+        """Reset num_401_calls counter on redirects."""
+        if r.is_redirect:
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+
+    def handle_401(self, r, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Takes the given response and tries digest-auth, if needed.
+
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        # If response is not 4xx, do not auth
+        # See https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/3772
+        if not 400 <= r.status_code < 500:
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+            return r
+
+        if self._thread_local.pos is not None:
+            # Rewind the file position indicator of the body to where
+            # it was to resend the request.
+            r.request.body.seek(self._thread_local.pos)
+        s_auth = r.headers.get('www-authenticate', '')
+
+        if 'digest' in s_auth.lower() and self._thread_local.num_401_calls < 2:
+
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls += 1
+            pat = re.compile(r'digest ', flags=re.IGNORECASE)
+            self._thread_local.chal = parse_dict_header(pat.sub('', s_auth, count=1))
+
+            # Consume content and release the original connection
+            # to allow our new request to reuse the same one.
+            r.content
+            r.close()
+            prep = r.request.copy()
+            extract_cookies_to_jar(prep._cookies, r.request, r.raw)
+            prep.prepare_cookies(prep._cookies)
+
+            prep.headers['Authorization'] = self.build_digest_header(
+                prep.method, prep.url)
+            _r = r.connection.send(prep, **kwargs)
+            _r.history.append(r)
+            _r.request = prep
+
+            return _r
+
+        self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+        return r
+
+    def __call__(self, r):
+        # Initialize per-thread state, if needed
+        self.init_per_thread_state()
+        # If we have a saved nonce, skip the 401
+        if self._thread_local.last_nonce:
+            r.headers['Authorization'] = self.build_digest_header(r.method, r.url)
+        try:
+            self._thread_local.pos = r.body.tell()
+        except AttributeError:
+            # In the case of HTTPDigestAuth being reused and the body of
+            # the previous request was a file-like object, pos has the
+            # file position of the previous body. Ensure it's set to
+            # None.
+            self._thread_local.pos = None
+        r.register_hook('response', self.handle_401)
+        r.register_hook('response', self.handle_redirect)
+        self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+
+        return r
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return all([
+            self.username == getattr(other, 'username', None),
+            self.password == getattr(other, 'password', None)
+        ])
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/certs.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/certs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1a378d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/certs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.certs
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module returns the preferred default CA certificate bundle. There is
+only one — the one from the certifi package.
+
+If you are packaging Requests, e.g., for a Linux distribution or a managed
+environment, you can change the definition of where() to return a separately
+packaged CA bundle.
+"""
+from certifi import where
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print(where())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..029ae62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.compat
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module handles import compatibility issues between Python 2 and
+Python 3.
+"""
+
+try:
+    import chardet
+except ImportError:
+    import charset_normalizer as chardet
+
+import sys
+
+# -------
+# Pythons
+# -------
+
+# Syntax sugar.
+_ver = sys.version_info
+
+#: Python 2.x?
+is_py2 = (_ver[0] == 2)
+
+#: Python 3.x?
+is_py3 = (_ver[0] == 3)
+
+has_simplejson = False
+try:
+    import simplejson as json
+    has_simplejson = True
+except ImportError:
+    import json
+
+# ---------
+# Specifics
+# ---------
+
+if is_py2:
+    from urllib import (
+        quote, unquote, quote_plus, unquote_plus, urlencode, getproxies,
+        proxy_bypass, proxy_bypass_environment, getproxies_environment)
+    from urlparse import urlparse, urlunparse, urljoin, urlsplit, urldefrag
+    from urllib2 import parse_http_list
+    import cookielib
+    from Cookie import Morsel
+    from StringIO import StringIO
+    # Keep OrderedDict for backwards compatibility.
+    from collections import Callable, Mapping, MutableMapping, OrderedDict
+
+    builtin_str = str
+    bytes = str
+    str = unicode
+    basestring = basestring
+    numeric_types = (int, long, float)
+    integer_types = (int, long)
+    JSONDecodeError = ValueError
+
+elif is_py3:
+    from urllib.parse import urlparse, urlunparse, urljoin, urlsplit, urlencode, quote, unquote, quote_plus, unquote_plus, urldefrag
+    from urllib.request import parse_http_list, getproxies, proxy_bypass, proxy_bypass_environment, getproxies_environment
+    from http import cookiejar as cookielib
+    from http.cookies import Morsel
+    from io import StringIO
+    # Keep OrderedDict for backwards compatibility.
+    from collections import OrderedDict
+    from collections.abc import Callable, Mapping, MutableMapping
+    if has_simplejson:
+        from simplejson import JSONDecodeError
+    else:
+        from json import JSONDecodeError
+
+    builtin_str = str
+    str = str
+    bytes = bytes
+    basestring = (str, bytes)
+    numeric_types = (int, float)
+    integer_types = (int,)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/cookies.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/cookies.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56fccd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/cookies.py
@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.cookies
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Compatibility code to be able to use `cookielib.CookieJar` with requests.
+
+requests.utils imports from here, so be careful with imports.
+"""
+
+import copy
+import time
+import calendar
+
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string
+from .compat import cookielib, urlparse, urlunparse, Morsel, MutableMapping
+
+try:
+    import threading
+except ImportError:
+    import dummy_threading as threading
+
+
+class MockRequest(object):
+    """Wraps a `requests.Request` to mimic a `urllib2.Request`.
+
+    The code in `cookielib.CookieJar` expects this interface in order to correctly
+    manage cookie policies, i.e., determine whether a cookie can be set, given the
+    domains of the request and the cookie.
+
+    The original request object is read-only. The client is responsible for collecting
+    the new headers via `get_new_headers()` and interpreting them appropriately. You
+    probably want `get_cookie_header`, defined below.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, request):
+        self._r = request
+        self._new_headers = {}
+        self.type = urlparse(self._r.url).scheme
+
+    def get_type(self):
+        return self.type
+
+    def get_host(self):
+        return urlparse(self._r.url).netloc
+
+    def get_origin_req_host(self):
+        return self.get_host()
+
+    def get_full_url(self):
+        # Only return the response's URL if the user hadn't set the Host
+        # header
+        if not self._r.headers.get('Host'):
+            return self._r.url
+        # If they did set it, retrieve it and reconstruct the expected domain
+        host = to_native_string(self._r.headers['Host'], encoding='utf-8')
+        parsed = urlparse(self._r.url)
+        # Reconstruct the URL as we expect it
+        return urlunparse([
+            parsed.scheme, host, parsed.path, parsed.params, parsed.query,
+            parsed.fragment
+        ])
+
+    def is_unverifiable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def has_header(self, name):
+        return name in self._r.headers or name in self._new_headers
+
+    def get_header(self, name, default=None):
+        return self._r.headers.get(name, self._new_headers.get(name, default))
+
+    def add_header(self, key, val):
+        """cookielib has no legitimate use for this method; add it back if you find one."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("Cookie headers should be added with add_unredirected_header()")
+
+    def add_unredirected_header(self, name, value):
+        self._new_headers[name] = value
+
+    def get_new_headers(self):
+        return self._new_headers
+
+    @property
+    def unverifiable(self):
+        return self.is_unverifiable()
+
+    @property
+    def origin_req_host(self):
+        return self.get_origin_req_host()
+
+    @property
+    def host(self):
+        return self.get_host()
+
+
+class MockResponse(object):
+    """Wraps a `httplib.HTTPMessage` to mimic a `urllib.addinfourl`.
+
+    ...what? Basically, expose the parsed HTTP headers from the server response
+    the way `cookielib` expects to see them.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, headers):
+        """Make a MockResponse for `cookielib` to read.
+
+        :param headers: a httplib.HTTPMessage or analogous carrying the headers
+        """
+        self._headers = headers
+
+    def info(self):
+        return self._headers
+
+    def getheaders(self, name):
+        self._headers.getheaders(name)
+
+
+def extract_cookies_to_jar(jar, request, response):
+    """Extract the cookies from the response into a CookieJar.
+
+    :param jar: cookielib.CookieJar (not necessarily a RequestsCookieJar)
+    :param request: our own requests.Request object
+    :param response: urllib3.HTTPResponse object
+    """
+    if not (hasattr(response, '_original_response') and
+            response._original_response):
+        return
+    # the _original_response field is the wrapped httplib.HTTPResponse object,
+    req = MockRequest(request)
+    # pull out the HTTPMessage with the headers and put it in the mock:
+    res = MockResponse(response._original_response.msg)
+    jar.extract_cookies(res, req)
+
+
+def get_cookie_header(jar, request):
+    """
+    Produce an appropriate Cookie header string to be sent with `request`, or None.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    r = MockRequest(request)
+    jar.add_cookie_header(r)
+    return r.get_new_headers().get('Cookie')
+
+
+def remove_cookie_by_name(cookiejar, name, domain=None, path=None):
+    """Unsets a cookie by name, by default over all domains and paths.
+
+    Wraps CookieJar.clear(), is O(n).
+    """
+    clearables = []
+    for cookie in cookiejar:
+        if cookie.name != name:
+            continue
+        if domain is not None and domain != cookie.domain:
+            continue
+        if path is not None and path != cookie.path:
+            continue
+        clearables.append((cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name))
+
+    for domain, path, name in clearables:
+        cookiejar.clear(domain, path, name)
+
+
+class CookieConflictError(RuntimeError):
+    """There are two cookies that meet the criteria specified in the cookie jar.
+    Use .get and .set and include domain and path args in order to be more specific.
+    """
+
+
+class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):
+    """Compatibility class; is a cookielib.CookieJar, but exposes a dict
+    interface.
+
+    This is the CookieJar we create by default for requests and sessions that
+    don't specify one, since some clients may expect response.cookies and
+    session.cookies to support dict operations.
+
+    Requests does not use the dict interface internally; it's just for
+    compatibility with external client code. All requests code should work
+    out of the box with externally provided instances of ``CookieJar``, e.g.
+    ``LWPCookieJar`` and ``FileCookieJar``.
+
+    Unlike a regular CookieJar, this class is pickleable.
+
+    .. warning:: dictionary operations that are normally O(1) may be O(n).
+    """
+
+    def get(self, name, default=None, domain=None, path=None):
+        """Dict-like get() that also supports optional domain and path args in
+        order to resolve naming collisions from using one cookie jar over
+        multiple domains.
+
+        .. warning:: operation is O(n), not O(1).
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._find_no_duplicates(name, domain, path)
+        except KeyError:
+            return default
+
+    def set(self, name, value, **kwargs):
+        """Dict-like set() that also supports optional domain and path args in
+        order to resolve naming collisions from using one cookie jar over
+        multiple domains.
+        """
+        # support client code that unsets cookies by assignment of a None value:
+        if value is None:
+            remove_cookie_by_name(self, name, domain=kwargs.get('domain'), path=kwargs.get('path'))
+            return
+
+        if isinstance(value, Morsel):
+            c = morsel_to_cookie(value)
+        else:
+            c = create_cookie(name, value, **kwargs)
+        self.set_cookie(c)
+        return c
+
+    def iterkeys(self):
+        """Dict-like iterkeys() that returns an iterator of names of cookies
+        from the jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: itervalues() and iteritems().
+        """
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            yield cookie.name
+
+    def keys(self):
+        """Dict-like keys() that returns a list of names of cookies from the
+        jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: values() and items().
+        """
+        return list(self.iterkeys())
+
+    def itervalues(self):
+        """Dict-like itervalues() that returns an iterator of values of cookies
+        from the jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: iterkeys() and iteritems().
+        """
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            yield cookie.value
+
+    def values(self):
+        """Dict-like values() that returns a list of values of cookies from the
+        jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: keys() and items().
+        """
+        return list(self.itervalues())
+
+    def iteritems(self):
+        """Dict-like iteritems() that returns an iterator of name-value tuples
+        from the jar.
+
+        .. seealso:: iterkeys() and itervalues().
+        """
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            yield cookie.name, cookie.value
+
+    def items(self):
+        """Dict-like items() that returns a list of name-value tuples from the
+        jar. Allows client-code to call ``dict(RequestsCookieJar)`` and get a
+        vanilla python dict of key value pairs.
+
+        .. seealso:: keys() and values().
+        """
+        return list(self.iteritems())
+
+    def list_domains(self):
+        """Utility method to list all the domains in the jar."""
+        domains = []
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.domain not in domains:
+                domains.append(cookie.domain)
+        return domains
+
+    def list_paths(self):
+        """Utility method to list all the paths in the jar."""
+        paths = []
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.path not in paths:
+                paths.append(cookie.path)
+        return paths
+
+    def multiple_domains(self):
+        """Returns True if there are multiple domains in the jar.
+        Returns False otherwise.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        domains = []
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.domain is not None and cookie.domain in domains:
+                return True
+            domains.append(cookie.domain)
+        return False  # there is only one domain in jar
+
+    def get_dict(self, domain=None, path=None):
+        """Takes as an argument an optional domain and path and returns a plain
+        old Python dict of name-value pairs of cookies that meet the
+        requirements.
+
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        dictionary = {}
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if (
+                (domain is None or cookie.domain == domain) and
+                (path is None or cookie.path == path)
+            ):
+                dictionary[cookie.name] = cookie.value
+        return dictionary
+
+    def __contains__(self, name):
+        try:
+            return super(RequestsCookieJar, self).__contains__(name)
+        except CookieConflictError:
+            return True
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name):
+        """Dict-like __getitem__() for compatibility with client code. Throws
+        exception if there are more than one cookie with name. In that case,
+        use the more explicit get() method instead.
+
+        .. warning:: operation is O(n), not O(1).
+        """
+        return self._find_no_duplicates(name)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, name, value):
+        """Dict-like __setitem__ for compatibility with client code. Throws
+        exception if there is already a cookie of that name in the jar. In that
+        case, use the more explicit set() method instead.
+        """
+        self.set(name, value)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, name):
+        """Deletes a cookie given a name. Wraps ``cookielib.CookieJar``'s
+        ``remove_cookie_by_name()``.
+        """
+        remove_cookie_by_name(self, name)
+
+    def set_cookie(self, cookie, *args, **kwargs):
+        if hasattr(cookie.value, 'startswith') and cookie.value.startswith('"') and cookie.value.endswith('"'):
+            cookie.value = cookie.value.replace('\\"', '')
+        return super(RequestsCookieJar, self).set_cookie(cookie, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def update(self, other):
+        """Updates this jar with cookies from another CookieJar or dict-like"""
+        if isinstance(other, cookielib.CookieJar):
+            for cookie in other:
+                self.set_cookie(copy.copy(cookie))
+        else:
+            super(RequestsCookieJar, self).update(other)
+
+    def _find(self, name, domain=None, path=None):
+        """Requests uses this method internally to get cookie values.
+
+        If there are conflicting cookies, _find arbitrarily chooses one.
+        See _find_no_duplicates if you want an exception thrown if there are
+        conflicting cookies.
+
+        :param name: a string containing name of cookie
+        :param domain: (optional) string containing domain of cookie
+        :param path: (optional) string containing path of cookie
+        :return: cookie.value
+        """
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.name == name:
+                if domain is None or cookie.domain == domain:
+                    if path is None or cookie.path == path:
+                        return cookie.value
+
+        raise KeyError('name=%r, domain=%r, path=%r' % (name, domain, path))
+
+    def _find_no_duplicates(self, name, domain=None, path=None):
+        """Both ``__get_item__`` and ``get`` call this function: it's never
+        used elsewhere in Requests.
+
+        :param name: a string containing name of cookie
+        :param domain: (optional) string containing domain of cookie
+        :param path: (optional) string containing path of cookie
+        :raises KeyError: if cookie is not found
+        :raises CookieConflictError: if there are multiple cookies
+            that match name and optionally domain and path
+        :return: cookie.value
+        """
+        toReturn = None
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.name == name:
+                if domain is None or cookie.domain == domain:
+                    if path is None or cookie.path == path:
+                        if toReturn is not None:  # if there are multiple cookies that meet passed in criteria
+                            raise CookieConflictError('There are multiple cookies with name, %r' % (name))
+                        toReturn = cookie.value  # we will eventually return this as long as no cookie conflict
+
+        if toReturn:
+            return toReturn
+        raise KeyError('name=%r, domain=%r, path=%r' % (name, domain, path))
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        """Unlike a normal CookieJar, this class is pickleable."""
+        state = self.__dict__.copy()
+        # remove the unpickleable RLock object
+        state.pop('_cookies_lock')
+        return state
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        """Unlike a normal CookieJar, this class is pickleable."""
+        self.__dict__.update(state)
+        if '_cookies_lock' not in self.__dict__:
+            self._cookies_lock = threading.RLock()
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Return a copy of this RequestsCookieJar."""
+        new_cj = RequestsCookieJar()
+        new_cj.set_policy(self.get_policy())
+        new_cj.update(self)
+        return new_cj
+
+    def get_policy(self):
+        """Return the CookiePolicy instance used."""
+        return self._policy
+
+
+def _copy_cookie_jar(jar):
+    if jar is None:
+        return None
+
+    if hasattr(jar, 'copy'):
+        # We're dealing with an instance of RequestsCookieJar
+        return jar.copy()
+    # We're dealing with a generic CookieJar instance
+    new_jar = copy.copy(jar)
+    new_jar.clear()
+    for cookie in jar:
+        new_jar.set_cookie(copy.copy(cookie))
+    return new_jar
+
+
+def create_cookie(name, value, **kwargs):
+    """Make a cookie from underspecified parameters.
+
+    By default, the pair of `name` and `value` will be set for the domain ''
+    and sent on every request (this is sometimes called a "supercookie").
+    """
+    result = {
+        'version': 0,
+        'name': name,
+        'value': value,
+        'port': None,
+        'domain': '',
+        'path': '/',
+        'secure': False,
+        'expires': None,
+        'discard': True,
+        'comment': None,
+        'comment_url': None,
+        'rest': {'HttpOnly': None},
+        'rfc2109': False,
+    }
+
+    badargs = set(kwargs) - set(result)
+    if badargs:
+        err = 'create_cookie() got unexpected keyword arguments: %s'
+        raise TypeError(err % list(badargs))
+
+    result.update(kwargs)
+    result['port_specified'] = bool(result['port'])
+    result['domain_specified'] = bool(result['domain'])
+    result['domain_initial_dot'] = result['domain'].startswith('.')
+    result['path_specified'] = bool(result['path'])
+
+    return cookielib.Cookie(**result)
+
+
+def morsel_to_cookie(morsel):
+    """Convert a Morsel object into a Cookie containing the one k/v pair."""
+
+    expires = None
+    if morsel['max-age']:
+        try:
+            expires = int(time.time() + int(morsel['max-age']))
+        except ValueError:
+            raise TypeError('max-age: %s must be integer' % morsel['max-age'])
+    elif morsel['expires']:
+        time_template = '%a, %d-%b-%Y %H:%M:%S GMT'
+        expires = calendar.timegm(
+            time.strptime(morsel['expires'], time_template)
+        )
+    return create_cookie(
+        comment=morsel['comment'],
+        comment_url=bool(morsel['comment']),
+        discard=False,
+        domain=morsel['domain'],
+        expires=expires,
+        name=morsel.key,
+        path=morsel['path'],
+        port=None,
+        rest={'HttpOnly': morsel['httponly']},
+        rfc2109=False,
+        secure=bool(morsel['secure']),
+        value=morsel.value,
+        version=morsel['version'] or 0,
+    )
+
+
+def cookiejar_from_dict(cookie_dict, cookiejar=None, overwrite=True):
+    """Returns a CookieJar from a key/value dictionary.
+
+    :param cookie_dict: Dict of key/values to insert into CookieJar.
+    :param cookiejar: (optional) A cookiejar to add the cookies to.
+    :param overwrite: (optional) If False, will not replace cookies
+        already in the jar with new ones.
+    :rtype: CookieJar
+    """
+    if cookiejar is None:
+        cookiejar = RequestsCookieJar()
+
+    if cookie_dict is not None:
+        names_from_jar = [cookie.name for cookie in cookiejar]
+        for name in cookie_dict:
+            if overwrite or (name not in names_from_jar):
+                cookiejar.set_cookie(create_cookie(name, cookie_dict[name]))
+
+    return cookiejar
+
+
+def merge_cookies(cookiejar, cookies):
+    """Add cookies to cookiejar and returns a merged CookieJar.
+
+    :param cookiejar: CookieJar object to add the cookies to.
+    :param cookies: Dictionary or CookieJar object to be added.
+    :rtype: CookieJar
+    """
+    if not isinstance(cookiejar, cookielib.CookieJar):
+        raise ValueError('You can only merge into CookieJar')
+
+    if isinstance(cookies, dict):
+        cookiejar = cookiejar_from_dict(
+            cookies, cookiejar=cookiejar, overwrite=False)
+    elif isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
+        try:
+            cookiejar.update(cookies)
+        except AttributeError:
+            for cookie_in_jar in cookies:
+                cookiejar.set_cookie(cookie_in_jar)
+
+    return cookiejar
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7969763
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.exceptions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module contains the set of Requests' exceptions.
+"""
+from urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as BaseHTTPError
+
+from .compat import JSONDecodeError as CompatJSONDecodeError
+
+
+class RequestException(IOError):
+    """There was an ambiguous exception that occurred while handling your
+    request.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Initialize RequestException with `request` and `response` objects."""
+        response = kwargs.pop('response', None)
+        self.response = response
+        self.request = kwargs.pop('request', None)
+        if (response is not None and not self.request and
+                hasattr(response, 'request')):
+            self.request = self.response.request
+        super(RequestException, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class InvalidJSONError(RequestException):
+    """A JSON error occurred."""
+
+
+class JSONDecodeError(InvalidJSONError, CompatJSONDecodeError):
+    """Couldn't decode the text into json"""
+
+
+class HTTPError(RequestException):
+    """An HTTP error occurred."""
+
+
+class ConnectionError(RequestException):
+    """A Connection error occurred."""
+
+
+class ProxyError(ConnectionError):
+    """A proxy error occurred."""
+
+
+class SSLError(ConnectionError):
+    """An SSL error occurred."""
+
+
+class Timeout(RequestException):
+    """The request timed out.
+
+    Catching this error will catch both
+    :exc:`~requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout` and
+    :exc:`~requests.exceptions.ReadTimeout` errors.
+    """
+
+
+class ConnectTimeout(ConnectionError, Timeout):
+    """The request timed out while trying to connect to the remote server.
+
+    Requests that produced this error are safe to retry.
+    """
+
+
+class ReadTimeout(Timeout):
+    """The server did not send any data in the allotted amount of time."""
+
+
+class URLRequired(RequestException):
+    """A valid URL is required to make a request."""
+
+
+class TooManyRedirects(RequestException):
+    """Too many redirects."""
+
+
+class MissingSchema(RequestException, ValueError):
+    """The URL scheme (e.g. http or https) is missing."""
+
+
+class InvalidSchema(RequestException, ValueError):
+    """The URL scheme provided is either invalid or unsupported."""
+
+
+class InvalidURL(RequestException, ValueError):
+    """The URL provided was somehow invalid."""
+
+
+class InvalidHeader(RequestException, ValueError):
+    """The header value provided was somehow invalid."""
+
+
+class InvalidProxyURL(InvalidURL):
+    """The proxy URL provided is invalid."""
+
+
+class ChunkedEncodingError(RequestException):
+    """The server declared chunked encoding but sent an invalid chunk."""
+
+
+class ContentDecodingError(RequestException, BaseHTTPError):
+    """Failed to decode response content."""
+
+
+class StreamConsumedError(RequestException, TypeError):
+    """The content for this response was already consumed."""
+
+
+class RetryError(RequestException):
+    """Custom retries logic failed"""
+
+
+class UnrewindableBodyError(RequestException):
+    """Requests encountered an error when trying to rewind a body."""
+
+# Warnings
+
+
+class RequestsWarning(Warning):
+    """Base warning for Requests."""
+
+
+class FileModeWarning(RequestsWarning, DeprecationWarning):
+    """A file was opened in text mode, but Requests determined its binary length."""
+
+
+class RequestsDependencyWarning(RequestsWarning):
+    """An imported dependency doesn't match the expected version range."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/help.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/help.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cd6389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/help.py
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+"""Module containing bug report helper(s)."""
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import json
+import platform
+import sys
+import ssl
+
+import idna
+import urllib3
+
+from . import __version__ as requests_version
+
+try:
+    import charset_normalizer
+except ImportError:
+    charset_normalizer = None
+
+try:
+    import chardet
+except ImportError:
+    chardet = None
+
+try:
+    from urllib3.contrib import pyopenssl
+except ImportError:
+    pyopenssl = None
+    OpenSSL = None
+    cryptography = None
+else:
+    import OpenSSL
+    import cryptography
+
+
+def _implementation():
+    """Return a dict with the Python implementation and version.
+
+    Provide both the name and the version of the Python implementation
+    currently running. For example, on CPython 2.7.5 it will return
+    {'name': 'CPython', 'version': '2.7.5'}.
+
+    This function works best on CPython and PyPy: in particular, it probably
+    doesn't work for Jython or IronPython. Future investigation should be done
+    to work out the correct shape of the code for those platforms.
+    """
+    implementation = platform.python_implementation()
+
+    if implementation == 'CPython':
+        implementation_version = platform.python_version()
+    elif implementation == 'PyPy':
+        implementation_version = '%s.%s.%s' % (sys.pypy_version_info.major,
+                                               sys.pypy_version_info.minor,
+                                               sys.pypy_version_info.micro)
+        if sys.pypy_version_info.releaselevel != 'final':
+            implementation_version = ''.join([
+                implementation_version, sys.pypy_version_info.releaselevel
+            ])
+    elif implementation == 'Jython':
+        implementation_version = platform.python_version()  # Complete Guess
+    elif implementation == 'IronPython':
+        implementation_version = platform.python_version()  # Complete Guess
+    else:
+        implementation_version = 'Unknown'
+
+    return {'name': implementation, 'version': implementation_version}
+
+
+def info():
+    """Generate information for a bug report."""
+    try:
+        platform_info = {
+            'system': platform.system(),
+            'release': platform.release(),
+        }
+    except IOError:
+        platform_info = {
+            'system': 'Unknown',
+            'release': 'Unknown',
+        }
+
+    implementation_info = _implementation()
+    urllib3_info = {'version': urllib3.__version__}
+    charset_normalizer_info = {'version': None}
+    chardet_info = {'version': None}
+    if charset_normalizer:
+        charset_normalizer_info = {'version': charset_normalizer.__version__}
+    if chardet:
+        chardet_info = {'version': chardet.__version__}
+
+    pyopenssl_info = {
+        'version': None,
+        'openssl_version': '',
+    }
+    if OpenSSL:
+        pyopenssl_info = {
+            'version': OpenSSL.__version__,
+            'openssl_version': '%x' % OpenSSL.SSL.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER,
+        }
+    cryptography_info = {
+        'version': getattr(cryptography, '__version__', ''),
+    }
+    idna_info = {
+        'version': getattr(idna, '__version__', ''),
+    }
+
+    system_ssl = ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER
+    system_ssl_info = {
+        'version': '%x' % system_ssl if system_ssl is not None else ''
+    }
+
+    return {
+        'platform': platform_info,
+        'implementation': implementation_info,
+        'system_ssl': system_ssl_info,
+        'using_pyopenssl': pyopenssl is not None,
+        'using_charset_normalizer': chardet is None,
+        'pyOpenSSL': pyopenssl_info,
+        'urllib3': urllib3_info,
+        'chardet': chardet_info,
+        'charset_normalizer': charset_normalizer_info,
+        'cryptography': cryptography_info,
+        'idna': idna_info,
+        'requests': {
+            'version': requests_version,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def main():
+    """Pretty-print the bug information as JSON."""
+    print(json.dumps(info(), sort_keys=True, indent=2))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/hooks.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/hooks.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a51f21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/hooks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.hooks
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module provides the capabilities for the Requests hooks system.
+
+Available hooks:
+
+``response``:
+    The response generated from a Request.
+"""
+HOOKS = ['response']
+
+
+def default_hooks():
+    return {event: [] for event in HOOKS}
+
+# TODO: response is the only one
+
+
+def dispatch_hook(key, hooks, hook_data, **kwargs):
+    """Dispatches a hook dictionary on a given piece of data."""
+    hooks = hooks or {}
+    hooks = hooks.get(key)
+    if hooks:
+        if hasattr(hooks, '__call__'):
+            hooks = [hooks]
+        for hook in hooks:
+            _hook_data = hook(hook_data, **kwargs)
+            if _hook_data is not None:
+                hook_data = _hook_data
+    return hook_data
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/models.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfbea85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,973 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.models
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module contains the primary objects that power Requests.
+"""
+
+import datetime
+import sys
+
+# Import encoding now, to avoid implicit import later.
+# Implicit import within threads may cause LookupError when standard library is in a ZIP,
+# such as in Embedded Python. See https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/3578.
+import encodings.idna
+
+from urllib3.fields import RequestField
+from urllib3.filepost import encode_multipart_formdata
+from urllib3.util import parse_url
+from urllib3.exceptions import (
+    DecodeError, ReadTimeoutError, ProtocolError, LocationParseError)
+
+from io import UnsupportedOperation
+from .hooks import default_hooks
+from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+
+from .auth import HTTPBasicAuth
+from .cookies import cookiejar_from_dict, get_cookie_header, _copy_cookie_jar
+from .exceptions import (
+    HTTPError, MissingSchema, InvalidURL, ChunkedEncodingError,
+    ContentDecodingError, ConnectionError, StreamConsumedError,
+    InvalidJSONError)
+from .exceptions import JSONDecodeError as RequestsJSONDecodeError
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string, unicode_is_ascii
+from .utils import (
+    guess_filename, get_auth_from_url, requote_uri,
+    stream_decode_response_unicode, to_key_val_list, parse_header_links,
+    iter_slices, guess_json_utf, super_len, check_header_validity)
+from .compat import (
+    Callable, Mapping,
+    cookielib, urlunparse, urlsplit, urlencode, str, bytes,
+    is_py2, chardet, builtin_str, basestring, JSONDecodeError)
+from .compat import json as complexjson
+from .status_codes import codes
+
+#: The set of HTTP status codes that indicate an automatically
+#: processable redirect.
+REDIRECT_STATI = (
+    codes.moved,               # 301
+    codes.found,               # 302
+    codes.other,               # 303
+    codes.temporary_redirect,  # 307
+    codes.permanent_redirect,  # 308
+)
+
+DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT = 30
+CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE = 10 * 1024
+ITER_CHUNK_SIZE = 512
+
+
+class RequestEncodingMixin(object):
+    @property
+    def path_url(self):
+        """Build the path URL to use."""
+
+        url = []
+
+        p = urlsplit(self.url)
+
+        path = p.path
+        if not path:
+            path = '/'
+
+        url.append(path)
+
+        query = p.query
+        if query:
+            url.append('?')
+            url.append(query)
+
+        return ''.join(url)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _encode_params(data):
+        """Encode parameters in a piece of data.
+
+        Will successfully encode parameters when passed as a dict or a list of
+        2-tuples. Order is retained if data is a list of 2-tuples but arbitrary
+        if parameters are supplied as a dict.
+        """
+
+        if isinstance(data, (str, bytes)):
+            return data
+        elif hasattr(data, 'read'):
+            return data
+        elif hasattr(data, '__iter__'):
+            result = []
+            for k, vs in to_key_val_list(data):
+                if isinstance(vs, basestring) or not hasattr(vs, '__iter__'):
+                    vs = [vs]
+                for v in vs:
+                    if v is not None:
+                        result.append(
+                            (k.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(k, str) else k,
+                             v.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(v, str) else v))
+            return urlencode(result, doseq=True)
+        else:
+            return data
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _encode_files(files, data):
+        """Build the body for a multipart/form-data request.
+
+        Will successfully encode files when passed as a dict or a list of
+        tuples. Order is retained if data is a list of tuples but arbitrary
+        if parameters are supplied as a dict.
+        The tuples may be 2-tuples (filename, fileobj), 3-tuples (filename, fileobj, contentype)
+        or 4-tuples (filename, fileobj, contentype, custom_headers).
+        """
+        if (not files):
+            raise ValueError("Files must be provided.")
+        elif isinstance(data, basestring):
+            raise ValueError("Data must not be a string.")
+
+        new_fields = []
+        fields = to_key_val_list(data or {})
+        files = to_key_val_list(files or {})
+
+        for field, val in fields:
+            if isinstance(val, basestring) or not hasattr(val, '__iter__'):
+                val = [val]
+            for v in val:
+                if v is not None:
+                    # Don't call str() on bytestrings: in Py3 it all goes wrong.
+                    if not isinstance(v, bytes):
+                        v = str(v)
+
+                    new_fields.append(
+                        (field.decode('utf-8') if isinstance(field, bytes) else field,
+                         v.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(v, str) else v))
+
+        for (k, v) in files:
+            # support for explicit filename
+            ft = None
+            fh = None
+            if isinstance(v, (tuple, list)):
+                if len(v) == 2:
+                    fn, fp = v
+                elif len(v) == 3:
+                    fn, fp, ft = v
+                else:
+                    fn, fp, ft, fh = v
+            else:
+                fn = guess_filename(v) or k
+                fp = v
+
+            if isinstance(fp, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+                fdata = fp
+            elif hasattr(fp, 'read'):
+                fdata = fp.read()
+            elif fp is None:
+                continue
+            else:
+                fdata = fp
+
+            rf = RequestField(name=k, data=fdata, filename=fn, headers=fh)
+            rf.make_multipart(content_type=ft)
+            new_fields.append(rf)
+
+        body, content_type = encode_multipart_formdata(new_fields)
+
+        return body, content_type
+
+
+class RequestHooksMixin(object):
+    def register_hook(self, event, hook):
+        """Properly register a hook."""
+
+        if event not in self.hooks:
+            raise ValueError('Unsupported event specified, with event name "%s"' % (event))
+
+        if isinstance(hook, Callable):
+            self.hooks[event].append(hook)
+        elif hasattr(hook, '__iter__'):
+            self.hooks[event].extend(h for h in hook if isinstance(h, Callable))
+
+    def deregister_hook(self, event, hook):
+        """Deregister a previously registered hook.
+        Returns True if the hook existed, False if not.
+        """
+
+        try:
+            self.hooks[event].remove(hook)
+            return True
+        except ValueError:
+            return False
+
+
+class Request(RequestHooksMixin):
+    """A user-created :class:`Request <Request>` object.
+
+    Used to prepare a :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>`, which is sent to the server.
+
+    :param method: HTTP method to use.
+    :param url: URL to send.
+    :param headers: dictionary of headers to send.
+    :param files: dictionary of {filename: fileobject} files to multipart upload.
+    :param data: the body to attach to the request. If a dictionary or
+        list of tuples ``[(key, value)]`` is provided, form-encoding will
+        take place.
+    :param json: json for the body to attach to the request (if files or data is not specified).
+    :param params: URL parameters to append to the URL. If a dictionary or
+        list of tuples ``[(key, value)]`` is provided, form-encoding will
+        take place.
+    :param auth: Auth handler or (user, pass) tuple.
+    :param cookies: dictionary or CookieJar of cookies to attach to this request.
+    :param hooks: dictionary of callback hooks, for internal usage.
+
+    Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> req = requests.Request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')
+      >>> req.prepare()
+      <PreparedRequest [GET]>
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+            method=None, url=None, headers=None, files=None, data=None,
+            params=None, auth=None, cookies=None, hooks=None, json=None):
+
+        # Default empty dicts for dict params.
+        data = [] if data is None else data
+        files = [] if files is None else files
+        headers = {} if headers is None else headers
+        params = {} if params is None else params
+        hooks = {} if hooks is None else hooks
+
+        self.hooks = default_hooks()
+        for (k, v) in list(hooks.items()):
+            self.register_hook(event=k, hook=v)
+
+        self.method = method
+        self.url = url
+        self.headers = headers
+        self.files = files
+        self.data = data
+        self.json = json
+        self.params = params
+        self.auth = auth
+        self.cookies = cookies
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<Request [%s]>' % (self.method)
+
+    def prepare(self):
+        """Constructs a :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` for transmission and returns it."""
+        p = PreparedRequest()
+        p.prepare(
+            method=self.method,
+            url=self.url,
+            headers=self.headers,
+            files=self.files,
+            data=self.data,
+            json=self.json,
+            params=self.params,
+            auth=self.auth,
+            cookies=self.cookies,
+            hooks=self.hooks,
+        )
+        return p
+
+
+class PreparedRequest(RequestEncodingMixin, RequestHooksMixin):
+    """The fully mutable :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` object,
+    containing the exact bytes that will be sent to the server.
+
+    Instances are generated from a :class:`Request <Request>` object, and
+    should not be instantiated manually; doing so may produce undesirable
+    effects.
+
+    Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> req = requests.Request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')
+      >>> r = req.prepare()
+      >>> r
+      <PreparedRequest [GET]>
+
+      >>> s = requests.Session()
+      >>> s.send(r)
+      <Response [200]>
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        #: HTTP verb to send to the server.
+        self.method = None
+        #: HTTP URL to send the request to.
+        self.url = None
+        #: dictionary of HTTP headers.
+        self.headers = None
+        # The `CookieJar` used to create the Cookie header will be stored here
+        # after prepare_cookies is called
+        self._cookies = None
+        #: request body to send to the server.
+        self.body = None
+        #: dictionary of callback hooks, for internal usage.
+        self.hooks = default_hooks()
+        #: integer denoting starting position of a readable file-like body.
+        self._body_position = None
+
+    def prepare(self,
+            method=None, url=None, headers=None, files=None, data=None,
+            params=None, auth=None, cookies=None, hooks=None, json=None):
+        """Prepares the entire request with the given parameters."""
+
+        self.prepare_method(method)
+        self.prepare_url(url, params)
+        self.prepare_headers(headers)
+        self.prepare_cookies(cookies)
+        self.prepare_body(data, files, json)
+        self.prepare_auth(auth, url)
+
+        # Note that prepare_auth must be last to enable authentication schemes
+        # such as OAuth to work on a fully prepared request.
+
+        # This MUST go after prepare_auth. Authenticators could add a hook
+        self.prepare_hooks(hooks)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<PreparedRequest [%s]>' % (self.method)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        p = PreparedRequest()
+        p.method = self.method
+        p.url = self.url
+        p.headers = self.headers.copy() if self.headers is not None else None
+        p._cookies = _copy_cookie_jar(self._cookies)
+        p.body = self.body
+        p.hooks = self.hooks
+        p._body_position = self._body_position
+        return p
+
+    def prepare_method(self, method):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP method."""
+        self.method = method
+        if self.method is not None:
+            self.method = to_native_string(self.method.upper())
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_idna_encoded_host(host):
+        import idna
+
+        try:
+            host = idna.encode(host, uts46=True).decode('utf-8')
+        except idna.IDNAError:
+            raise UnicodeError
+        return host
+
+    def prepare_url(self, url, params):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP URL."""
+        #: Accept objects that have string representations.
+        #: We're unable to blindly call unicode/str functions
+        #: as this will include the bytestring indicator (b'')
+        #: on python 3.x.
+        #: https://github.com/psf/requests/pull/2238
+        if isinstance(url, bytes):
+            url = url.decode('utf8')
+        else:
+            url = unicode(url) if is_py2 else str(url)
+
+        # Remove leading whitespaces from url
+        url = url.lstrip()
+
+        # Don't do any URL preparation for non-HTTP schemes like `mailto`,
+        # `data` etc to work around exceptions from `url_parse`, which
+        # handles RFC 3986 only.
+        if ':' in url and not url.lower().startswith('http'):
+            self.url = url
+            return
+
+        # Support for unicode domain names and paths.
+        try:
+            scheme, auth, host, port, path, query, fragment = parse_url(url)
+        except LocationParseError as e:
+            raise InvalidURL(*e.args)
+
+        if not scheme:
+            error = ("Invalid URL {0!r}: No scheme supplied. Perhaps you meant http://{0}?")
+            error = error.format(to_native_string(url, 'utf8'))
+
+            raise MissingSchema(error)
+
+        if not host:
+            raise InvalidURL("Invalid URL %r: No host supplied" % url)
+
+        # In general, we want to try IDNA encoding the hostname if the string contains
+        # non-ASCII characters. This allows users to automatically get the correct IDNA
+        # behaviour. For strings containing only ASCII characters, we need to also verify
+        # it doesn't start with a wildcard (*), before allowing the unencoded hostname.
+        if not unicode_is_ascii(host):
+            try:
+                host = self._get_idna_encoded_host(host)
+            except UnicodeError:
+                raise InvalidURL('URL has an invalid label.')
+        elif host.startswith((u'*', u'.')):
+            raise InvalidURL('URL has an invalid label.')
+
+        # Carefully reconstruct the network location
+        netloc = auth or ''
+        if netloc:
+            netloc += '@'
+        netloc += host
+        if port:
+            netloc += ':' + str(port)
+
+        # Bare domains aren't valid URLs.
+        if not path:
+            path = '/'
+
+        if is_py2:
+            if isinstance(scheme, str):
+                scheme = scheme.encode('utf-8')
+            if isinstance(netloc, str):
+                netloc = netloc.encode('utf-8')
+            if isinstance(path, str):
+                path = path.encode('utf-8')
+            if isinstance(query, str):
+                query = query.encode('utf-8')
+            if isinstance(fragment, str):
+                fragment = fragment.encode('utf-8')
+
+        if isinstance(params, (str, bytes)):
+            params = to_native_string(params)
+
+        enc_params = self._encode_params(params)
+        if enc_params:
+            if query:
+                query = '%s&%s' % (query, enc_params)
+            else:
+                query = enc_params
+
+        url = requote_uri(urlunparse([scheme, netloc, path, None, query, fragment]))
+        self.url = url
+
+    def prepare_headers(self, headers):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP headers."""
+
+        self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
+        if headers:
+            for header in headers.items():
+                # Raise exception on invalid header value.
+                check_header_validity(header)
+                name, value = header
+                self.headers[to_native_string(name)] = value
+
+    def prepare_body(self, data, files, json=None):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP body data."""
+
+        # Check if file, fo, generator, iterator.
+        # If not, run through normal process.
+
+        # Nottin' on you.
+        body = None
+        content_type = None
+
+        if not data and json is not None:
+            # urllib3 requires a bytes-like body. Python 2's json.dumps
+            # provides this natively, but Python 3 gives a Unicode string.
+            content_type = 'application/json'
+
+            try:
+                body = complexjson.dumps(json, allow_nan=False)
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise InvalidJSONError(ve, request=self)
+
+            if not isinstance(body, bytes):
+                body = body.encode('utf-8')
+
+        is_stream = all([
+            hasattr(data, '__iter__'),
+            not isinstance(data, (basestring, list, tuple, Mapping))
+        ])
+
+        if is_stream:
+            try:
+                length = super_len(data)
+            except (TypeError, AttributeError, UnsupportedOperation):
+                length = None
+
+            body = data
+
+            if getattr(body, 'tell', None) is not None:
+                # Record the current file position before reading.
+                # This will allow us to rewind a file in the event
+                # of a redirect.
+                try:
+                    self._body_position = body.tell()
+                except (IOError, OSError):
+                    # This differentiates from None, allowing us to catch
+                    # a failed `tell()` later when trying to rewind the body
+                    self._body_position = object()
+
+            if files:
+                raise NotImplementedError('Streamed bodies and files are mutually exclusive.')
+
+            if length:
+                self.headers['Content-Length'] = builtin_str(length)
+            else:
+                self.headers['Transfer-Encoding'] = 'chunked'
+        else:
+            # Multi-part file uploads.
+            if files:
+                (body, content_type) = self._encode_files(files, data)
+            else:
+                if data:
+                    body = self._encode_params(data)
+                    if isinstance(data, basestring) or hasattr(data, 'read'):
+                        content_type = None
+                    else:
+                        content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+
+            self.prepare_content_length(body)
+
+            # Add content-type if it wasn't explicitly provided.
+            if content_type and ('content-type' not in self.headers):
+                self.headers['Content-Type'] = content_type
+
+        self.body = body
+
+    def prepare_content_length(self, body):
+        """Prepare Content-Length header based on request method and body"""
+        if body is not None:
+            length = super_len(body)
+            if length:
+                # If length exists, set it. Otherwise, we fallback
+                # to Transfer-Encoding: chunked.
+                self.headers['Content-Length'] = builtin_str(length)
+        elif self.method not in ('GET', 'HEAD') and self.headers.get('Content-Length') is None:
+            # Set Content-Length to 0 for methods that can have a body
+            # but don't provide one. (i.e. not GET or HEAD)
+            self.headers['Content-Length'] = '0'
+
+    def prepare_auth(self, auth, url=''):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP auth data."""
+
+        # If no Auth is explicitly provided, extract it from the URL first.
+        if auth is None:
+            url_auth = get_auth_from_url(self.url)
+            auth = url_auth if any(url_auth) else None
+
+        if auth:
+            if isinstance(auth, tuple) and len(auth) == 2:
+                # special-case basic HTTP auth
+                auth = HTTPBasicAuth(*auth)
+
+            # Allow auth to make its changes.
+            r = auth(self)
+
+            # Update self to reflect the auth changes.
+            self.__dict__.update(r.__dict__)
+
+            # Recompute Content-Length
+            self.prepare_content_length(self.body)
+
+    def prepare_cookies(self, cookies):
+        """Prepares the given HTTP cookie data.
+
+        This function eventually generates a ``Cookie`` header from the
+        given cookies using cookielib. Due to cookielib's design, the header
+        will not be regenerated if it already exists, meaning this function
+        can only be called once for the life of the
+        :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` object. Any subsequent calls
+        to ``prepare_cookies`` will have no actual effect, unless the "Cookie"
+        header is removed beforehand.
+        """
+        if isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
+            self._cookies = cookies
+        else:
+            self._cookies = cookiejar_from_dict(cookies)
+
+        cookie_header = get_cookie_header(self._cookies, self)
+        if cookie_header is not None:
+            self.headers['Cookie'] = cookie_header
+
+    def prepare_hooks(self, hooks):
+        """Prepares the given hooks."""
+        # hooks can be passed as None to the prepare method and to this
+        # method. To prevent iterating over None, simply use an empty list
+        # if hooks is False-y
+        hooks = hooks or []
+        for event in hooks:
+            self.register_hook(event, hooks[event])
+
+
+class Response(object):
+    """The :class:`Response <Response>` object, which contains a
+    server's response to an HTTP request.
+    """
+
+    __attrs__ = [
+        '_content', 'status_code', 'headers', 'url', 'history',
+        'encoding', 'reason', 'cookies', 'elapsed', 'request'
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._content = False
+        self._content_consumed = False
+        self._next = None
+
+        #: Integer Code of responded HTTP Status, e.g. 404 or 200.
+        self.status_code = None
+
+        #: Case-insensitive Dictionary of Response Headers.
+        #: For example, ``headers['content-encoding']`` will return the
+        #: value of a ``'Content-Encoding'`` response header.
+        self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
+
+        #: File-like object representation of response (for advanced usage).
+        #: Use of ``raw`` requires that ``stream=True`` be set on the request.
+        #: This requirement does not apply for use internally to Requests.
+        self.raw = None
+
+        #: Final URL location of Response.
+        self.url = None
+
+        #: Encoding to decode with when accessing r.text.
+        self.encoding = None
+
+        #: A list of :class:`Response <Response>` objects from
+        #: the history of the Request. Any redirect responses will end
+        #: up here. The list is sorted from the oldest to the most recent request.
+        self.history = []
+
+        #: Textual reason of responded HTTP Status, e.g. "Not Found" or "OK".
+        self.reason = None
+
+        #: A CookieJar of Cookies the server sent back.
+        self.cookies = cookiejar_from_dict({})
+
+        #: The amount of time elapsed between sending the request
+        #: and the arrival of the response (as a timedelta).
+        #: This property specifically measures the time taken between sending
+        #: the first byte of the request and finishing parsing the headers. It
+        #: is therefore unaffected by consuming the response content or the
+        #: value of the ``stream`` keyword argument.
+        self.elapsed = datetime.timedelta(0)
+
+        #: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` object to which this
+        #: is a response.
+        self.request = None
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args):
+        self.close()
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        # Consume everything; accessing the content attribute makes
+        # sure the content has been fully read.
+        if not self._content_consumed:
+            self.content
+
+        return {attr: getattr(self, attr, None) for attr in self.__attrs__}
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        for name, value in state.items():
+            setattr(self, name, value)
+
+        # pickled objects do not have .raw
+        setattr(self, '_content_consumed', True)
+        setattr(self, 'raw', None)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<Response [%s]>' % (self.status_code)
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        """Returns True if :attr:`status_code` is less than 400.
+
+        This attribute checks if the status code of the response is between
+        400 and 600 to see if there was a client error or a server error. If
+        the status code, is between 200 and 400, this will return True. This
+        is **not** a check to see if the response code is ``200 OK``.
+        """
+        return self.ok
+
+    def __nonzero__(self):
+        """Returns True if :attr:`status_code` is less than 400.
+
+        This attribute checks if the status code of the response is between
+        400 and 600 to see if there was a client error or a server error. If
+        the status code, is between 200 and 400, this will return True. This
+        is **not** a check to see if the response code is ``200 OK``.
+        """
+        return self.ok
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Allows you to use a response as an iterator."""
+        return self.iter_content(128)
+
+    @property
+    def ok(self):
+        """Returns True if :attr:`status_code` is less than 400, False if not.
+
+        This attribute checks if the status code of the response is between
+        400 and 600 to see if there was a client error or a server error. If
+        the status code is between 200 and 400, this will return True. This
+        is **not** a check to see if the response code is ``200 OK``.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.raise_for_status()
+        except HTTPError:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    @property
+    def is_redirect(self):
+        """True if this Response is a well-formed HTTP redirect that could have
+        been processed automatically (by :meth:`Session.resolve_redirects`).
+        """
+        return ('location' in self.headers and self.status_code in REDIRECT_STATI)
+
+    @property
+    def is_permanent_redirect(self):
+        """True if this Response one of the permanent versions of redirect."""
+        return ('location' in self.headers and self.status_code in (codes.moved_permanently, codes.permanent_redirect))
+
+    @property
+    def next(self):
+        """Returns a PreparedRequest for the next request in a redirect chain, if there is one."""
+        return self._next
+
+    @property
+    def apparent_encoding(self):
+        """The apparent encoding, provided by the charset_normalizer or chardet libraries."""
+        return chardet.detect(self.content)['encoding']
+
+    def iter_content(self, chunk_size=1, decode_unicode=False):
+        """Iterates over the response data.  When stream=True is set on the
+        request, this avoids reading the content at once into memory for
+        large responses.  The chunk size is the number of bytes it should
+        read into memory.  This is not necessarily the length of each item
+        returned as decoding can take place.
+
+        chunk_size must be of type int or None. A value of None will
+        function differently depending on the value of `stream`.
+        stream=True will read data as it arrives in whatever size the
+        chunks are received. If stream=False, data is returned as
+        a single chunk.
+
+        If decode_unicode is True, content will be decoded using the best
+        available encoding based on the response.
+        """
+
+        def generate():
+            # Special case for urllib3.
+            if hasattr(self.raw, 'stream'):
+                try:
+                    for chunk in self.raw.stream(chunk_size, decode_content=True):
+                        yield chunk
+                except ProtocolError as e:
+                    raise ChunkedEncodingError(e)
+                except DecodeError as e:
+                    raise ContentDecodingError(e)
+                except ReadTimeoutError as e:
+                    raise ConnectionError(e)
+            else:
+                # Standard file-like object.
+                while True:
+                    chunk = self.raw.read(chunk_size)
+                    if not chunk:
+                        break
+                    yield chunk
+
+            self._content_consumed = True
+
+        if self._content_consumed and isinstance(self._content, bool):
+            raise StreamConsumedError()
+        elif chunk_size is not None and not isinstance(chunk_size, int):
+            raise TypeError("chunk_size must be an int, it is instead a %s." % type(chunk_size))
+        # simulate reading small chunks of the content
+        reused_chunks = iter_slices(self._content, chunk_size)
+
+        stream_chunks = generate()
+
+        chunks = reused_chunks if self._content_consumed else stream_chunks
+
+        if decode_unicode:
+            chunks = stream_decode_response_unicode(chunks, self)
+
+        return chunks
+
+    def iter_lines(self, chunk_size=ITER_CHUNK_SIZE, decode_unicode=False, delimiter=None):
+        """Iterates over the response data, one line at a time.  When
+        stream=True is set on the request, this avoids reading the
+        content at once into memory for large responses.
+
+        .. note:: This method is not reentrant safe.
+        """
+
+        pending = None
+
+        for chunk in self.iter_content(chunk_size=chunk_size, decode_unicode=decode_unicode):
+
+            if pending is not None:
+                chunk = pending + chunk
+
+            if delimiter:
+                lines = chunk.split(delimiter)
+            else:
+                lines = chunk.splitlines()
+
+            if lines and lines[-1] and chunk and lines[-1][-1] == chunk[-1]:
+                pending = lines.pop()
+            else:
+                pending = None
+
+            for line in lines:
+                yield line
+
+        if pending is not None:
+            yield pending
+
+    @property
+    def content(self):
+        """Content of the response, in bytes."""
+
+        if self._content is False:
+            # Read the contents.
+            if self._content_consumed:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    'The content for this response was already consumed')
+
+            if self.status_code == 0 or self.raw is None:
+                self._content = None
+            else:
+                self._content = b''.join(self.iter_content(CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE)) or b''
+
+        self._content_consumed = True
+        # don't need to release the connection; that's been handled by urllib3
+        # since we exhausted the data.
+        return self._content
+
+    @property
+    def text(self):
+        """Content of the response, in unicode.
+
+        If Response.encoding is None, encoding will be guessed using
+        ``charset_normalizer`` or ``chardet``.
+
+        The encoding of the response content is determined based solely on HTTP
+        headers, following RFC 2616 to the letter. If you can take advantage of
+        non-HTTP knowledge to make a better guess at the encoding, you should
+        set ``r.encoding`` appropriately before accessing this property.
+        """
+
+        # Try charset from content-type
+        content = None
+        encoding = self.encoding
+
+        if not self.content:
+            return str('')
+
+        # Fallback to auto-detected encoding.
+        if self.encoding is None:
+            encoding = self.apparent_encoding
+
+        # Decode unicode from given encoding.
+        try:
+            content = str(self.content, encoding, errors='replace')
+        except (LookupError, TypeError):
+            # A LookupError is raised if the encoding was not found which could
+            # indicate a misspelling or similar mistake.
+            #
+            # A TypeError can be raised if encoding is None
+            #
+            # So we try blindly encoding.
+            content = str(self.content, errors='replace')
+
+        return content
+
+    def json(self, **kwargs):
+        r"""Returns the json-encoded content of a response, if any.
+
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``json.loads`` takes.
+        :raises requests.exceptions.JSONDecodeError: If the response body does not
+            contain valid json.
+        """
+
+        if not self.encoding and self.content and len(self.content) > 3:
+            # No encoding set. JSON RFC 4627 section 3 states we should expect
+            # UTF-8, -16 or -32. Detect which one to use; If the detection or
+            # decoding fails, fall back to `self.text` (using charset_normalizer to make
+            # a best guess).
+            encoding = guess_json_utf(self.content)
+            if encoding is not None:
+                try:
+                    return complexjson.loads(
+                        self.content.decode(encoding), **kwargs
+                    )
+                except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                    # Wrong UTF codec detected; usually because it's not UTF-8
+                    # but some other 8-bit codec.  This is an RFC violation,
+                    # and the server didn't bother to tell us what codec *was*
+                    # used.
+                    pass
+
+        try:
+            return complexjson.loads(self.text, **kwargs)
+        except JSONDecodeError as e:
+            # Catch JSON-related errors and raise as requests.JSONDecodeError
+            # This aliases json.JSONDecodeError and simplejson.JSONDecodeError
+            if is_py2: # e is a ValueError
+                raise RequestsJSONDecodeError(e.message)
+            else:
+                raise RequestsJSONDecodeError(e.msg, e.doc, e.pos)
+
+    @property
+    def links(self):
+        """Returns the parsed header links of the response, if any."""
+
+        header = self.headers.get('link')
+
+        # l = MultiDict()
+        l = {}
+
+        if header:
+            links = parse_header_links(header)
+
+            for link in links:
+                key = link.get('rel') or link.get('url')
+                l[key] = link
+
+        return l
+
+    def raise_for_status(self):
+        """Raises :class:`HTTPError`, if one occurred."""
+
+        http_error_msg = ''
+        if isinstance(self.reason, bytes):
+            # We attempt to decode utf-8 first because some servers
+            # choose to localize their reason strings. If the string
+            # isn't utf-8, we fall back to iso-8859-1 for all other
+            # encodings. (See PR #3538)
+            try:
+                reason = self.reason.decode('utf-8')
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                reason = self.reason.decode('iso-8859-1')
+        else:
+            reason = self.reason
+
+        if 400 <= self.status_code < 500:
+            http_error_msg = u'%s Client Error: %s for url: %s' % (self.status_code, reason, self.url)
+
+        elif 500 <= self.status_code < 600:
+            http_error_msg = u'%s Server Error: %s for url: %s' % (self.status_code, reason, self.url)
+
+        if http_error_msg:
+            raise HTTPError(http_error_msg, response=self)
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Releases the connection back to the pool. Once this method has been
+        called the underlying ``raw`` object must not be accessed again.
+
+        *Note: Should not normally need to be called explicitly.*
+        """
+        if not self._content_consumed:
+            self.raw.close()
+
+        release_conn = getattr(self.raw, 'release_conn', None)
+        if release_conn is not None:
+            release_conn()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/packages.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/packages.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00196bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/packages.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import sys
+
+try:
+    import chardet
+except ImportError:
+    import charset_normalizer as chardet
+    import warnings
+
+    warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', 'Trying to detect', module='charset_normalizer')
+
+# This code exists for backwards compatibility reasons.
+# I don't like it either. Just look the other way. :)
+
+for package in ('urllib3', 'idna'):
+    locals()[package] = __import__(package)
+    # This traversal is apparently necessary such that the identities are
+    # preserved (requests.packages.urllib3.* is urllib3.*)
+    for mod in list(sys.modules):
+        if mod == package or mod.startswith(package + '.'):
+            sys.modules['requests.packages.' + mod] = sys.modules[mod]
+
+target = chardet.__name__
+for mod in list(sys.modules):
+    if mod == target or mod.startswith(target + '.'):
+        sys.modules['requests.packages.' + target.replace(target, 'chardet')] = sys.modules[mod]
+# Kinda cool, though, right?
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/sessions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/sessions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f59cab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/sessions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,771 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.sessions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module provides a Session object to manage and persist settings across
+requests (cookies, auth, proxies).
+"""
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+from datetime import timedelta
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from .auth import _basic_auth_str
+from .compat import cookielib, is_py3, urljoin, urlparse, Mapping
+from .cookies import (
+    cookiejar_from_dict, extract_cookies_to_jar, RequestsCookieJar, merge_cookies)
+from .models import Request, PreparedRequest, DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT
+from .hooks import default_hooks, dispatch_hook
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string
+from .utils import to_key_val_list, default_headers, DEFAULT_PORTS
+from .exceptions import (
+    TooManyRedirects, InvalidSchema, ChunkedEncodingError, ContentDecodingError)
+
+from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+from .adapters import HTTPAdapter
+
+from .utils import (
+    requote_uri, get_environ_proxies, get_netrc_auth, should_bypass_proxies,
+    get_auth_from_url, rewind_body, resolve_proxies
+)
+
+from .status_codes import codes
+
+# formerly defined here, reexposed here for backward compatibility
+from .models import REDIRECT_STATI
+
+# Preferred clock, based on which one is more accurate on a given system.
+if sys.platform == 'win32':
+    try:  # Python 3.4+
+        preferred_clock = time.perf_counter
+    except AttributeError:  # Earlier than Python 3.
+        preferred_clock = time.clock
+else:
+    preferred_clock = time.time
+
+
+def merge_setting(request_setting, session_setting, dict_class=OrderedDict):
+    """Determines appropriate setting for a given request, taking into account
+    the explicit setting on that request, and the setting in the session. If a
+    setting is a dictionary, they will be merged together using `dict_class`
+    """
+
+    if session_setting is None:
+        return request_setting
+
+    if request_setting is None:
+        return session_setting
+
+    # Bypass if not a dictionary (e.g. verify)
+    if not (
+            isinstance(session_setting, Mapping) and
+            isinstance(request_setting, Mapping)
+    ):
+        return request_setting
+
+    merged_setting = dict_class(to_key_val_list(session_setting))
+    merged_setting.update(to_key_val_list(request_setting))
+
+    # Remove keys that are set to None. Extract keys first to avoid altering
+    # the dictionary during iteration.
+    none_keys = [k for (k, v) in merged_setting.items() if v is None]
+    for key in none_keys:
+        del merged_setting[key]
+
+    return merged_setting
+
+
+def merge_hooks(request_hooks, session_hooks, dict_class=OrderedDict):
+    """Properly merges both requests and session hooks.
+
+    This is necessary because when request_hooks == {'response': []}, the
+    merge breaks Session hooks entirely.
+    """
+    if session_hooks is None or session_hooks.get('response') == []:
+        return request_hooks
+
+    if request_hooks is None or request_hooks.get('response') == []:
+        return session_hooks
+
+    return merge_setting(request_hooks, session_hooks, dict_class)
+
+
+class SessionRedirectMixin(object):
+
+    def get_redirect_target(self, resp):
+        """Receives a Response. Returns a redirect URI or ``None``"""
+        # Due to the nature of how requests processes redirects this method will
+        # be called at least once upon the original response and at least twice
+        # on each subsequent redirect response (if any).
+        # If a custom mixin is used to handle this logic, it may be advantageous
+        # to cache the redirect location onto the response object as a private
+        # attribute.
+        if resp.is_redirect:
+            location = resp.headers['location']
+            # Currently the underlying http module on py3 decode headers
+            # in latin1, but empirical evidence suggests that latin1 is very
+            # rarely used with non-ASCII characters in HTTP headers.
+            # It is more likely to get UTF8 header rather than latin1.
+            # This causes incorrect handling of UTF8 encoded location headers.
+            # To solve this, we re-encode the location in latin1.
+            if is_py3:
+                location = location.encode('latin1')
+            return to_native_string(location, 'utf8')
+        return None
+
+    def should_strip_auth(self, old_url, new_url):
+        """Decide whether Authorization header should be removed when redirecting"""
+        old_parsed = urlparse(old_url)
+        new_parsed = urlparse(new_url)
+        if old_parsed.hostname != new_parsed.hostname:
+            return True
+        # Special case: allow http -> https redirect when using the standard
+        # ports. This isn't specified by RFC 7235, but is kept to avoid
+        # breaking backwards compatibility with older versions of requests
+        # that allowed any redirects on the same host.
+        if (old_parsed.scheme == 'http' and old_parsed.port in (80, None)
+                and new_parsed.scheme == 'https' and new_parsed.port in (443, None)):
+            return False
+
+        # Handle default port usage corresponding to scheme.
+        changed_port = old_parsed.port != new_parsed.port
+        changed_scheme = old_parsed.scheme != new_parsed.scheme
+        default_port = (DEFAULT_PORTS.get(old_parsed.scheme, None), None)
+        if (not changed_scheme and old_parsed.port in default_port
+                and new_parsed.port in default_port):
+            return False
+
+        # Standard case: root URI must match
+        return changed_port or changed_scheme
+
+    def resolve_redirects(self, resp, req, stream=False, timeout=None,
+                          verify=True, cert=None, proxies=None, yield_requests=False, **adapter_kwargs):
+        """Receives a Response. Returns a generator of Responses or Requests."""
+
+        hist = []  # keep track of history
+
+        url = self.get_redirect_target(resp)
+        previous_fragment = urlparse(req.url).fragment
+        while url:
+            prepared_request = req.copy()
+
+            # Update history and keep track of redirects.
+            # resp.history must ignore the original request in this loop
+            hist.append(resp)
+            resp.history = hist[1:]
+
+            try:
+                resp.content  # Consume socket so it can be released
+            except (ChunkedEncodingError, ContentDecodingError, RuntimeError):
+                resp.raw.read(decode_content=False)
+
+            if len(resp.history) >= self.max_redirects:
+                raise TooManyRedirects('Exceeded {} redirects.'.format(self.max_redirects), response=resp)
+
+            # Release the connection back into the pool.
+            resp.close()
+
+            # Handle redirection without scheme (see: RFC 1808 Section 4)
+            if url.startswith('//'):
+                parsed_rurl = urlparse(resp.url)
+                url = ':'.join([to_native_string(parsed_rurl.scheme), url])
+
+            # Normalize url case and attach previous fragment if needed (RFC 7231 7.1.2)
+            parsed = urlparse(url)
+            if parsed.fragment == '' and previous_fragment:
+                parsed = parsed._replace(fragment=previous_fragment)
+            elif parsed.fragment:
+                previous_fragment = parsed.fragment
+            url = parsed.geturl()
+
+            # Facilitate relative 'location' headers, as allowed by RFC 7231.
+            # (e.g. '/path/to/resource' instead of 'http://domain.tld/path/to/resource')
+            # Compliant with RFC3986, we percent encode the url.
+            if not parsed.netloc:
+                url = urljoin(resp.url, requote_uri(url))
+            else:
+                url = requote_uri(url)
+
+            prepared_request.url = to_native_string(url)
+
+            self.rebuild_method(prepared_request, resp)
+
+            # https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/1084
+            if resp.status_code not in (codes.temporary_redirect, codes.permanent_redirect):
+                # https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/3490
+                purged_headers = ('Content-Length', 'Content-Type', 'Transfer-Encoding')
+                for header in purged_headers:
+                    prepared_request.headers.pop(header, None)
+                prepared_request.body = None
+
+            headers = prepared_request.headers
+            headers.pop('Cookie', None)
+
+            # Extract any cookies sent on the response to the cookiejar
+            # in the new request. Because we've mutated our copied prepared
+            # request, use the old one that we haven't yet touched.
+            extract_cookies_to_jar(prepared_request._cookies, req, resp.raw)
+            merge_cookies(prepared_request._cookies, self.cookies)
+            prepared_request.prepare_cookies(prepared_request._cookies)
+
+            # Rebuild auth and proxy information.
+            proxies = self.rebuild_proxies(prepared_request, proxies)
+            self.rebuild_auth(prepared_request, resp)
+
+            # A failed tell() sets `_body_position` to `object()`. This non-None
+            # value ensures `rewindable` will be True, allowing us to raise an
+            # UnrewindableBodyError, instead of hanging the connection.
+            rewindable = (
+                prepared_request._body_position is not None and
+                ('Content-Length' in headers or 'Transfer-Encoding' in headers)
+            )
+
+            # Attempt to rewind consumed file-like object.
+            if rewindable:
+                rewind_body(prepared_request)
+
+            # Override the original request.
+            req = prepared_request
+
+            if yield_requests:
+                yield req
+            else:
+
+                resp = self.send(
+                    req,
+                    stream=stream,
+                    timeout=timeout,
+                    verify=verify,
+                    cert=cert,
+                    proxies=proxies,
+                    allow_redirects=False,
+                    **adapter_kwargs
+                )
+
+                extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, prepared_request, resp.raw)
+
+                # extract redirect url, if any, for the next loop
+                url = self.get_redirect_target(resp)
+                yield resp
+
+    def rebuild_auth(self, prepared_request, response):
+        """When being redirected we may want to strip authentication from the
+        request to avoid leaking credentials. This method intelligently removes
+        and reapplies authentication where possible to avoid credential loss.
+        """
+        headers = prepared_request.headers
+        url = prepared_request.url
+
+        if 'Authorization' in headers and self.should_strip_auth(response.request.url, url):
+            # If we get redirected to a new host, we should strip out any
+            # authentication headers.
+            del headers['Authorization']
+
+        # .netrc might have more auth for us on our new host.
+        new_auth = get_netrc_auth(url) if self.trust_env else None
+        if new_auth is not None:
+            prepared_request.prepare_auth(new_auth)
+
+    def rebuild_proxies(self, prepared_request, proxies):
+        """This method re-evaluates the proxy configuration by considering the
+        environment variables. If we are redirected to a URL covered by
+        NO_PROXY, we strip the proxy configuration. Otherwise, we set missing
+        proxy keys for this URL (in case they were stripped by a previous
+        redirect).
+
+        This method also replaces the Proxy-Authorization header where
+        necessary.
+
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        headers = prepared_request.headers
+        scheme = urlparse(prepared_request.url).scheme
+        new_proxies = resolve_proxies(prepared_request, proxies, self.trust_env)
+
+        if 'Proxy-Authorization' in headers:
+            del headers['Proxy-Authorization']
+
+        try:
+            username, password = get_auth_from_url(new_proxies[scheme])
+        except KeyError:
+            username, password = None, None
+
+        if username and password:
+            headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(username, password)
+
+        return new_proxies
+
+    def rebuild_method(self, prepared_request, response):
+        """When being redirected we may want to change the method of the request
+        based on certain specs or browser behavior.
+        """
+        method = prepared_request.method
+
+        # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.4.4
+        if response.status_code == codes.see_other and method != 'HEAD':
+            method = 'GET'
+
+        # Do what the browsers do, despite standards...
+        # First, turn 302s into GETs.
+        if response.status_code == codes.found and method != 'HEAD':
+            method = 'GET'
+
+        # Second, if a POST is responded to with a 301, turn it into a GET.
+        # This bizarre behaviour is explained in Issue 1704.
+        if response.status_code == codes.moved and method == 'POST':
+            method = 'GET'
+
+        prepared_request.method = method
+
+
+class Session(SessionRedirectMixin):
+    """A Requests session.
+
+    Provides cookie persistence, connection-pooling, and configuration.
+
+    Basic Usage::
+
+      >>> import requests
+      >>> s = requests.Session()
+      >>> s.get('https://httpbin.org/get')
+      <Response [200]>
+
+    Or as a context manager::
+
+      >>> with requests.Session() as s:
+      ...     s.get('https://httpbin.org/get')
+      <Response [200]>
+    """
+
+    __attrs__ = [
+        'headers', 'cookies', 'auth', 'proxies', 'hooks', 'params', 'verify',
+        'cert', 'adapters', 'stream', 'trust_env',
+        'max_redirects',
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self):
+
+        #: A case-insensitive dictionary of headers to be sent on each
+        #: :class:`Request <Request>` sent from this
+        #: :class:`Session <Session>`.
+        self.headers = default_headers()
+
+        #: Default Authentication tuple or object to attach to
+        #: :class:`Request <Request>`.
+        self.auth = None
+
+        #: Dictionary mapping protocol or protocol and host to the URL of the proxy
+        #: (e.g. {'http': 'foo.bar:3128', 'http://host.name': 'foo.bar:4012'}) to
+        #: be used on each :class:`Request <Request>`.
+        self.proxies = {}
+
+        #: Event-handling hooks.
+        self.hooks = default_hooks()
+
+        #: Dictionary of querystring data to attach to each
+        #: :class:`Request <Request>`. The dictionary values may be lists for
+        #: representing multivalued query parameters.
+        self.params = {}
+
+        #: Stream response content default.
+        self.stream = False
+
+        #: SSL Verification default.
+        #: Defaults to `True`, requiring requests to verify the TLS certificate at the
+        #: remote end.
+        #: If verify is set to `False`, requests will accept any TLS certificate
+        #: presented by the server, and will ignore hostname mismatches and/or
+        #: expired certificates, which will make your application vulnerable to
+        #: man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks.
+        #: Only set this to `False` for testing.
+        self.verify = True
+
+        #: SSL client certificate default, if String, path to ssl client
+        #: cert file (.pem). If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
+        self.cert = None
+
+        #: Maximum number of redirects allowed. If the request exceeds this
+        #: limit, a :class:`TooManyRedirects` exception is raised.
+        #: This defaults to requests.models.DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT, which is
+        #: 30.
+        self.max_redirects = DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT
+
+        #: Trust environment settings for proxy configuration, default
+        #: authentication and similar.
+        self.trust_env = True
+
+        #: A CookieJar containing all currently outstanding cookies set on this
+        #: session. By default it is a
+        #: :class:`RequestsCookieJar <requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar>`, but
+        #: may be any other ``cookielib.CookieJar`` compatible object.
+        self.cookies = cookiejar_from_dict({})
+
+        # Default connection adapters.
+        self.adapters = OrderedDict()
+        self.mount('https://', HTTPAdapter())
+        self.mount('http://', HTTPAdapter())
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args):
+        self.close()
+
+    def prepare_request(self, request):
+        """Constructs a :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` for
+        transmission and returns it. The :class:`PreparedRequest` has settings
+        merged from the :class:`Request <Request>` instance and those of the
+        :class:`Session`.
+
+        :param request: :class:`Request` instance to prepare with this
+            session's settings.
+        :rtype: requests.PreparedRequest
+        """
+        cookies = request.cookies or {}
+
+        # Bootstrap CookieJar.
+        if not isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
+            cookies = cookiejar_from_dict(cookies)
+
+        # Merge with session cookies
+        merged_cookies = merge_cookies(
+            merge_cookies(RequestsCookieJar(), self.cookies), cookies)
+
+        # Set environment's basic authentication if not explicitly set.
+        auth = request.auth
+        if self.trust_env and not auth and not self.auth:
+            auth = get_netrc_auth(request.url)
+
+        p = PreparedRequest()
+        p.prepare(
+            method=request.method.upper(),
+            url=request.url,
+            files=request.files,
+            data=request.data,
+            json=request.json,
+            headers=merge_setting(request.headers, self.headers, dict_class=CaseInsensitiveDict),
+            params=merge_setting(request.params, self.params),
+            auth=merge_setting(auth, self.auth),
+            cookies=merged_cookies,
+            hooks=merge_hooks(request.hooks, self.hooks),
+        )
+        return p
+
+    def request(self, method, url,
+            params=None, data=None, headers=None, cookies=None, files=None,
+            auth=None, timeout=None, allow_redirects=True, proxies=None,
+            hooks=None, stream=None, verify=None, cert=None, json=None):
+        """Constructs a :class:`Request <Request>`, prepares it and sends it.
+        Returns :class:`Response <Response>` object.
+
+        :param method: method for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param params: (optional) Dictionary or bytes to be sent in the query
+            string for the :class:`Request`.
+        :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+            object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param json: (optional) json to send in the body of the
+            :class:`Request`.
+        :param headers: (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with the
+            :class:`Request`.
+        :param cookies: (optional) Dict or CookieJar object to send with the
+            :class:`Request`.
+        :param files: (optional) Dictionary of ``'filename': file-like-objects``
+            for multipart encoding upload.
+        :param auth: (optional) Auth tuple or callable to enable
+            Basic/Digest/Custom HTTP Auth.
+        :param timeout: (optional) How long to wait for the server to send
+            data before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout,
+            read timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
+        :type timeout: float or tuple
+        :param allow_redirects: (optional) Set to True by default.
+        :type allow_redirects: bool
+        :param proxies: (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol or protocol and
+            hostname to the URL of the proxy.
+        :param stream: (optional) whether to immediately download the response
+            content. Defaults to ``False``.
+        :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
+            the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
+            to a CA bundle to use. Defaults to ``True``. When set to
+            ``False``, requests will accept any TLS certificate presented by
+            the server, and will ignore hostname mismatches and/or expired
+            certificates, which will make your application vulnerable to
+            man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks. Setting verify to ``False`` 
+            may be useful during local development or testing.
+        :param cert: (optional) if String, path to ssl client cert file (.pem).
+            If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+        # Create the Request.
+        req = Request(
+            method=method.upper(),
+            url=url,
+            headers=headers,
+            files=files,
+            data=data or {},
+            json=json,
+            params=params or {},
+            auth=auth,
+            cookies=cookies,
+            hooks=hooks,
+        )
+        prep = self.prepare_request(req)
+
+        proxies = proxies or {}
+
+        settings = self.merge_environment_settings(
+            prep.url, proxies, stream, verify, cert
+        )
+
+        # Send the request.
+        send_kwargs = {
+            'timeout': timeout,
+            'allow_redirects': allow_redirects,
+        }
+        send_kwargs.update(settings)
+        resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
+
+        return resp
+
+    def get(self, url, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a GET request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
+        return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
+
+    def options(self, url, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a OPTIONS request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
+        return self.request('OPTIONS', url, **kwargs)
+
+    def head(self, url, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a HEAD request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', False)
+        return self.request('HEAD', url, **kwargs)
+
+    def post(self, url, data=None, json=None, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a POST request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+            object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param json: (optional) json to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        return self.request('POST', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
+
+    def put(self, url, data=None, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a PUT request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+            object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        return self.request('PUT', url, data=data, **kwargs)
+
+    def patch(self, url, data=None, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a PATCH request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
+            object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        return self.request('PATCH', url, data=data, **kwargs)
+
+    def delete(self, url, **kwargs):
+        r"""Sends a DELETE request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
+
+        :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
+        :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+
+        return self.request('DELETE', url, **kwargs)
+
+    def send(self, request, **kwargs):
+        """Send a given PreparedRequest.
+
+        :rtype: requests.Response
+        """
+        # Set defaults that the hooks can utilize to ensure they always have
+        # the correct parameters to reproduce the previous request.
+        kwargs.setdefault('stream', self.stream)
+        kwargs.setdefault('verify', self.verify)
+        kwargs.setdefault('cert', self.cert)
+        if 'proxies' not in kwargs:
+            kwargs['proxies'] = resolve_proxies(
+                request, self.proxies, self.trust_env
+            )
+
+        # It's possible that users might accidentally send a Request object.
+        # Guard against that specific failure case.
+        if isinstance(request, Request):
+            raise ValueError('You can only send PreparedRequests.')
+
+        # Set up variables needed for resolve_redirects and dispatching of hooks
+        allow_redirects = kwargs.pop('allow_redirects', True)
+        stream = kwargs.get('stream')
+        hooks = request.hooks
+
+        # Get the appropriate adapter to use
+        adapter = self.get_adapter(url=request.url)
+
+        # Start time (approximately) of the request
+        start = preferred_clock()
+
+        # Send the request
+        r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
+
+        # Total elapsed time of the request (approximately)
+        elapsed = preferred_clock() - start
+        r.elapsed = timedelta(seconds=elapsed)
+
+        # Response manipulation hooks
+        r = dispatch_hook('response', hooks, r, **kwargs)
+
+        # Persist cookies
+        if r.history:
+
+            # If the hooks create history then we want those cookies too
+            for resp in r.history:
+                extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, resp.request, resp.raw)
+
+        extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, request, r.raw)
+
+        # Resolve redirects if allowed.
+        if allow_redirects:
+            # Redirect resolving generator.
+            gen = self.resolve_redirects(r, request, **kwargs)
+            history = [resp for resp in gen]
+        else:
+            history = []
+
+        # Shuffle things around if there's history.
+        if history:
+            # Insert the first (original) request at the start
+            history.insert(0, r)
+            # Get the last request made
+            r = history.pop()
+            r.history = history
+
+        # If redirects aren't being followed, store the response on the Request for Response.next().
+        if not allow_redirects:
+            try:
+                r._next = next(self.resolve_redirects(r, request, yield_requests=True, **kwargs))
+            except StopIteration:
+                pass
+
+        if not stream:
+            r.content
+
+        return r
+
+    def merge_environment_settings(self, url, proxies, stream, verify, cert):
+        """
+        Check the environment and merge it with some settings.
+
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        # Gather clues from the surrounding environment.
+        if self.trust_env:
+            # Set environment's proxies.
+            no_proxy = proxies.get('no_proxy') if proxies is not None else None
+            env_proxies = get_environ_proxies(url, no_proxy=no_proxy)
+            for (k, v) in env_proxies.items():
+                proxies.setdefault(k, v)
+
+            # Look for requests environment configuration and be compatible
+            # with cURL.
+            if verify is True or verify is None:
+                verify = (os.environ.get('REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE') or
+                          os.environ.get('CURL_CA_BUNDLE'))
+
+        # Merge all the kwargs.
+        proxies = merge_setting(proxies, self.proxies)
+        stream = merge_setting(stream, self.stream)
+        verify = merge_setting(verify, self.verify)
+        cert = merge_setting(cert, self.cert)
+
+        return {'verify': verify, 'proxies': proxies, 'stream': stream,
+                'cert': cert}
+
+    def get_adapter(self, url):
+        """
+        Returns the appropriate connection adapter for the given URL.
+
+        :rtype: requests.adapters.BaseAdapter
+        """
+        for (prefix, adapter) in self.adapters.items():
+
+            if url.lower().startswith(prefix.lower()):
+                return adapter
+
+        # Nothing matches :-/
+        raise InvalidSchema("No connection adapters were found for {!r}".format(url))
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Closes all adapters and as such the session"""
+        for v in self.adapters.values():
+            v.close()
+
+    def mount(self, prefix, adapter):
+        """Registers a connection adapter to a prefix.
+
+        Adapters are sorted in descending order by prefix length.
+        """
+        self.adapters[prefix] = adapter
+        keys_to_move = [k for k in self.adapters if len(k) < len(prefix)]
+
+        for key in keys_to_move:
+            self.adapters[key] = self.adapters.pop(key)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        state = {attr: getattr(self, attr, None) for attr in self.__attrs__}
+        return state
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        for attr, value in state.items():
+            setattr(self, attr, value)
+
+
+def session():
+    """
+    Returns a :class:`Session` for context-management.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 1.0.0
+
+        This method has been deprecated since version 1.0.0 and is only kept for
+        backwards compatibility. New code should use :class:`~requests.sessions.Session`
+        to create a session. This may be removed at a future date.
+
+    :rtype: Session
+    """
+    return Session()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/status_codes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/status_codes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d80a7cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/status_codes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+r"""
+The ``codes`` object defines a mapping from common names for HTTP statuses
+to their numerical codes, accessible either as attributes or as dictionary
+items.
+
+Example::
+
+    >>> import requests
+    >>> requests.codes['temporary_redirect']
+    307
+    >>> requests.codes.teapot
+    418
+    >>> requests.codes['\o/']
+    200
+
+Some codes have multiple names, and both upper- and lower-case versions of
+the names are allowed. For example, ``codes.ok``, ``codes.OK``, and
+``codes.okay`` all correspond to the HTTP status code 200.
+"""
+
+from .structures import LookupDict
+
+_codes = {
+
+    # Informational.
+    100: ('continue',),
+    101: ('switching_protocols',),
+    102: ('processing',),
+    103: ('checkpoint',),
+    122: ('uri_too_long', 'request_uri_too_long'),
+    200: ('ok', 'okay', 'all_ok', 'all_okay', 'all_good', '\\o/', '✓'),
+    201: ('created',),
+    202: ('accepted',),
+    203: ('non_authoritative_info', 'non_authoritative_information'),
+    204: ('no_content',),
+    205: ('reset_content', 'reset'),
+    206: ('partial_content', 'partial'),
+    207: ('multi_status', 'multiple_status', 'multi_stati', 'multiple_stati'),
+    208: ('already_reported',),
+    226: ('im_used',),
+
+    # Redirection.
+    300: ('multiple_choices',),
+    301: ('moved_permanently', 'moved', '\\o-'),
+    302: ('found',),
+    303: ('see_other', 'other'),
+    304: ('not_modified',),
+    305: ('use_proxy',),
+    306: ('switch_proxy',),
+    307: ('temporary_redirect', 'temporary_moved', 'temporary'),
+    308: ('permanent_redirect',
+          'resume_incomplete', 'resume',),  # These 2 to be removed in 3.0
+
+    # Client Error.
+    400: ('bad_request', 'bad'),
+    401: ('unauthorized',),
+    402: ('payment_required', 'payment'),
+    403: ('forbidden',),
+    404: ('not_found', '-o-'),
+    405: ('method_not_allowed', 'not_allowed'),
+    406: ('not_acceptable',),
+    407: ('proxy_authentication_required', 'proxy_auth', 'proxy_authentication'),
+    408: ('request_timeout', 'timeout'),
+    409: ('conflict',),
+    410: ('gone',),
+    411: ('length_required',),
+    412: ('precondition_failed', 'precondition'),
+    413: ('request_entity_too_large',),
+    414: ('request_uri_too_large',),
+    415: ('unsupported_media_type', 'unsupported_media', 'media_type'),
+    416: ('requested_range_not_satisfiable', 'requested_range', 'range_not_satisfiable'),
+    417: ('expectation_failed',),
+    418: ('im_a_teapot', 'teapot', 'i_am_a_teapot'),
+    421: ('misdirected_request',),
+    422: ('unprocessable_entity', 'unprocessable'),
+    423: ('locked',),
+    424: ('failed_dependency', 'dependency'),
+    425: ('unordered_collection', 'unordered'),
+    426: ('upgrade_required', 'upgrade'),
+    428: ('precondition_required', 'precondition'),
+    429: ('too_many_requests', 'too_many'),
+    431: ('header_fields_too_large', 'fields_too_large'),
+    444: ('no_response', 'none'),
+    449: ('retry_with', 'retry'),
+    450: ('blocked_by_windows_parental_controls', 'parental_controls'),
+    451: ('unavailable_for_legal_reasons', 'legal_reasons'),
+    499: ('client_closed_request',),
+
+    # Server Error.
+    500: ('internal_server_error', 'server_error', '/o\\', '✗'),
+    501: ('not_implemented',),
+    502: ('bad_gateway',),
+    503: ('service_unavailable', 'unavailable'),
+    504: ('gateway_timeout',),
+    505: ('http_version_not_supported', 'http_version'),
+    506: ('variant_also_negotiates',),
+    507: ('insufficient_storage',),
+    509: ('bandwidth_limit_exceeded', 'bandwidth'),
+    510: ('not_extended',),
+    511: ('network_authentication_required', 'network_auth', 'network_authentication'),
+}
+
+codes = LookupDict(name='status_codes')
+
+def _init():
+    for code, titles in _codes.items():
+        for title in titles:
+            setattr(codes, title, code)
+            if not title.startswith(('\\', '/')):
+                setattr(codes, title.upper(), code)
+
+    def doc(code):
+        names = ', '.join('``%s``' % n for n in _codes[code])
+        return '* %d: %s' % (code, names)
+
+    global __doc__
+    __doc__ = (__doc__ + '\n' +
+               '\n'.join(doc(code) for code in sorted(_codes))
+               if __doc__ is not None else None)
+
+_init()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/structures.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/structures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ee0ba7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/structures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.structures
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Data structures that power Requests.
+"""
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from .compat import Mapping, MutableMapping
+
+
+class CaseInsensitiveDict(MutableMapping):
+    """A case-insensitive ``dict``-like object.
+
+    Implements all methods and operations of
+    ``MutableMapping`` as well as dict's ``copy``. Also
+    provides ``lower_items``.
+
+    All keys are expected to be strings. The structure remembers the
+    case of the last key to be set, and ``iter(instance)``,
+    ``keys()``, ``items()``, ``iterkeys()``, and ``iteritems()``
+    will contain case-sensitive keys. However, querying and contains
+    testing is case insensitive::
+
+        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict()
+        cid['Accept'] = 'application/json'
+        cid['aCCEPT'] == 'application/json'  # True
+        list(cid) == ['Accept']  # True
+
+    For example, ``headers['content-encoding']`` will return the
+    value of a ``'Content-Encoding'`` response header, regardless
+    of how the header name was originally stored.
+
+    If the constructor, ``.update``, or equality comparison
+    operations are given keys that have equal ``.lower()``s, the
+    behavior is undefined.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, data=None, **kwargs):
+        self._store = OrderedDict()
+        if data is None:
+            data = {}
+        self.update(data, **kwargs)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        # Use the lowercased key for lookups, but store the actual
+        # key alongside the value.
+        self._store[key.lower()] = (key, value)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return self._store[key.lower()][1]
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        del self._store[key.lower()]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return (casedkey for casedkey, mappedvalue in self._store.values())
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._store)
+
+    def lower_items(self):
+        """Like iteritems(), but with all lowercase keys."""
+        return (
+            (lowerkey, keyval[1])
+            for (lowerkey, keyval)
+            in self._store.items()
+        )
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, Mapping):
+            other = CaseInsensitiveDict(other)
+        else:
+            return NotImplemented
+        # Compare insensitively
+        return dict(self.lower_items()) == dict(other.lower_items())
+
+    # Copy is required
+    def copy(self):
+        return CaseInsensitiveDict(self._store.values())
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(dict(self.items()))
+
+
+class LookupDict(dict):
+    """Dictionary lookup object."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name=None):
+        self.name = name
+        super(LookupDict, self).__init__()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<lookup \'%s\'>' % (self.name)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        # We allow fall-through here, so values default to None
+
+        return self.__dict__.get(key, None)
+
+    def get(self, key, default=None):
+        return self.__dict__.get(key, default)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..153776c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1060 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+requests.utils
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This module provides utility functions that are used within Requests
+that are also useful for external consumption.
+"""
+
+import codecs
+import contextlib
+import io
+import os
+import re
+import socket
+import struct
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import warnings
+import zipfile
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from urllib3.util import make_headers
+from urllib3.util import parse_url
+
+from .__version__ import __version__
+from . import certs
+# to_native_string is unused here, but imported here for backwards compatibility
+from ._internal_utils import to_native_string
+from .compat import parse_http_list as _parse_list_header
+from .compat import (
+    quote, urlparse, bytes, str, unquote, getproxies,
+    proxy_bypass, urlunparse, basestring, integer_types, is_py3,
+    proxy_bypass_environment, getproxies_environment, Mapping)
+from .cookies import cookiejar_from_dict
+from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+from .exceptions import (
+    InvalidURL, InvalidHeader, FileModeWarning, UnrewindableBodyError)
+
+NETRC_FILES = ('.netrc', '_netrc')
+
+DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH = certs.where()
+
+DEFAULT_PORTS = {'http': 80, 'https': 443}
+
+# Ensure that ', ' is used to preserve previous delimiter behavior.
+DEFAULT_ACCEPT_ENCODING = ", ".join(
+    re.split(r",\s*", make_headers(accept_encoding=True)["accept-encoding"])
+)
+
+
+if sys.platform == 'win32':
+    # provide a proxy_bypass version on Windows without DNS lookups
+
+    def proxy_bypass_registry(host):
+        try:
+            if is_py3:
+                import winreg
+            else:
+                import _winreg as winreg
+        except ImportError:
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            internetSettings = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+                r'Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings')
+            # ProxyEnable could be REG_SZ or REG_DWORD, normalizing it
+            proxyEnable = int(winreg.QueryValueEx(internetSettings,
+                                              'ProxyEnable')[0])
+            # ProxyOverride is almost always a string
+            proxyOverride = winreg.QueryValueEx(internetSettings,
+                                                'ProxyOverride')[0]
+        except OSError:
+            return False
+        if not proxyEnable or not proxyOverride:
+            return False
+
+        # make a check value list from the registry entry: replace the
+        # '<local>' string by the localhost entry and the corresponding
+        # canonical entry.
+        proxyOverride = proxyOverride.split(';')
+        # now check if we match one of the registry values.
+        for test in proxyOverride:
+            if test == '<local>':
+                if '.' not in host:
+                    return True
+            test = test.replace(".", r"\.")     # mask dots
+            test = test.replace("*", r".*")     # change glob sequence
+            test = test.replace("?", r".")      # change glob char
+            if re.match(test, host, re.I):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def proxy_bypass(host):  # noqa
+        """Return True, if the host should be bypassed.
+
+        Checks proxy settings gathered from the environment, if specified,
+        or the registry.
+        """
+        if getproxies_environment():
+            return proxy_bypass_environment(host)
+        else:
+            return proxy_bypass_registry(host)
+
+
+def dict_to_sequence(d):
+    """Returns an internal sequence dictionary update."""
+
+    if hasattr(d, 'items'):
+        d = d.items()
+
+    return d
+
+
+def super_len(o):
+    total_length = None
+    current_position = 0
+
+    if hasattr(o, '__len__'):
+        total_length = len(o)
+
+    elif hasattr(o, 'len'):
+        total_length = o.len
+
+    elif hasattr(o, 'fileno'):
+        try:
+            fileno = o.fileno()
+        except (io.UnsupportedOperation, AttributeError):
+            # AttributeError is a surprising exception, seeing as how we've just checked
+            # that `hasattr(o, 'fileno')`.  It happens for objects obtained via
+            # `Tarfile.extractfile()`, per issue 5229.
+            pass
+        else:
+            total_length = os.fstat(fileno).st_size
+
+            # Having used fstat to determine the file length, we need to
+            # confirm that this file was opened up in binary mode.
+            if 'b' not in o.mode:
+                warnings.warn((
+                    "Requests has determined the content-length for this "
+                    "request using the binary size of the file: however, the "
+                    "file has been opened in text mode (i.e. without the 'b' "
+                    "flag in the mode). This may lead to an incorrect "
+                    "content-length. In Requests 3.0, support will be removed "
+                    "for files in text mode."),
+                    FileModeWarning
+                )
+
+    if hasattr(o, 'tell'):
+        try:
+            current_position = o.tell()
+        except (OSError, IOError):
+            # This can happen in some weird situations, such as when the file
+            # is actually a special file descriptor like stdin. In this
+            # instance, we don't know what the length is, so set it to zero and
+            # let requests chunk it instead.
+            if total_length is not None:
+                current_position = total_length
+        else:
+            if hasattr(o, 'seek') and total_length is None:
+                # StringIO and BytesIO have seek but no usable fileno
+                try:
+                    # seek to end of file
+                    o.seek(0, 2)
+                    total_length = o.tell()
+
+                    # seek back to current position to support
+                    # partially read file-like objects
+                    o.seek(current_position or 0)
+                except (OSError, IOError):
+                    total_length = 0
+
+    if total_length is None:
+        total_length = 0
+
+    return max(0, total_length - current_position)
+
+
+def get_netrc_auth(url, raise_errors=False):
+    """Returns the Requests tuple auth for a given url from netrc."""
+
+    netrc_file = os.environ.get('NETRC')
+    if netrc_file is not None:
+        netrc_locations = (netrc_file,)
+    else:
+        netrc_locations = ('~/{}'.format(f) for f in NETRC_FILES)
+
+    try:
+        from netrc import netrc, NetrcParseError
+
+        netrc_path = None
+
+        for f in netrc_locations:
+            try:
+                loc = os.path.expanduser(f)
+            except KeyError:
+                # os.path.expanduser can fail when $HOME is undefined and
+                # getpwuid fails. See https://bugs.python.org/issue20164 &
+                # https://github.com/psf/requests/issues/1846
+                return
+
+            if os.path.exists(loc):
+                netrc_path = loc
+                break
+
+        # Abort early if there isn't one.
+        if netrc_path is None:
+            return
+
+        ri = urlparse(url)
+
+        # Strip port numbers from netloc. This weird `if...encode`` dance is
+        # used for Python 3.2, which doesn't support unicode literals.
+        splitstr = b':'
+        if isinstance(url, str):
+            splitstr = splitstr.decode('ascii')
+        host = ri.netloc.split(splitstr)[0]
+
+        try:
+            _netrc = netrc(netrc_path).authenticators(host)
+            if _netrc:
+                # Return with login / password
+                login_i = (0 if _netrc[0] else 1)
+                return (_netrc[login_i], _netrc[2])
+        except (NetrcParseError, IOError):
+            # If there was a parsing error or a permissions issue reading the file,
+            # we'll just skip netrc auth unless explicitly asked to raise errors.
+            if raise_errors:
+                raise
+
+    # App Engine hackiness.
+    except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+        pass
+
+
+def guess_filename(obj):
+    """Tries to guess the filename of the given object."""
+    name = getattr(obj, 'name', None)
+    if (name and isinstance(name, basestring) and name[0] != '<' and
+            name[-1] != '>'):
+        return os.path.basename(name)
+
+
+def extract_zipped_paths(path):
+    """Replace nonexistent paths that look like they refer to a member of a zip
+    archive with the location of an extracted copy of the target, or else
+    just return the provided path unchanged.
+    """
+    if os.path.exists(path):
+        # this is already a valid path, no need to do anything further
+        return path
+
+    # find the first valid part of the provided path and treat that as a zip archive
+    # assume the rest of the path is the name of a member in the archive
+    archive, member = os.path.split(path)
+    while archive and not os.path.exists(archive):
+        archive, prefix = os.path.split(archive)
+        if not prefix:
+            # If we don't check for an empty prefix after the split (in other words, archive remains unchanged after the split),
+            # we _can_ end up in an infinite loop on a rare corner case affecting a small number of users
+            break
+        member = '/'.join([prefix, member])
+
+    if not zipfile.is_zipfile(archive):
+        return path
+
+    zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(archive)
+    if member not in zip_file.namelist():
+        return path
+
+    # we have a valid zip archive and a valid member of that archive
+    tmp = tempfile.gettempdir()
+    extracted_path = os.path.join(tmp, member.split('/')[-1])
+    if not os.path.exists(extracted_path):
+        # use read + write to avoid the creating nested folders, we only want the file, avoids mkdir racing condition
+        with atomic_open(extracted_path) as file_handler:
+            file_handler.write(zip_file.read(member))
+    return extracted_path
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def atomic_open(filename):
+    """Write a file to the disk in an atomic fashion"""
+    replacer = os.rename if sys.version_info[0] == 2 else os.replace
+    tmp_descriptor, tmp_name = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=os.path.dirname(filename))
+    try:
+        with os.fdopen(tmp_descriptor, 'wb') as tmp_handler:
+            yield tmp_handler
+        replacer(tmp_name, filename)
+    except BaseException:
+        os.remove(tmp_name)
+        raise
+
+
+def from_key_val_list(value):
+    """Take an object and test to see if it can be represented as a
+    dictionary. Unless it can not be represented as such, return an
+    OrderedDict, e.g.,
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> from_key_val_list([('key', 'val')])
+        OrderedDict([('key', 'val')])
+        >>> from_key_val_list('string')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples
+        >>> from_key_val_list({'key': 'val'})
+        OrderedDict([('key', 'val')])
+
+    :rtype: OrderedDict
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+
+    if isinstance(value, (str, bytes, bool, int)):
+        raise ValueError('cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples')
+
+    return OrderedDict(value)
+
+
+def to_key_val_list(value):
+    """Take an object and test to see if it can be represented as a
+    dictionary. If it can be, return a list of tuples, e.g.,
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> to_key_val_list([('key', 'val')])
+        [('key', 'val')]
+        >>> to_key_val_list({'key': 'val'})
+        [('key', 'val')]
+        >>> to_key_val_list('string')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples
+
+    :rtype: list
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+
+    if isinstance(value, (str, bytes, bool, int)):
+        raise ValueError('cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples')
+
+    if isinstance(value, Mapping):
+        value = value.items()
+
+    return list(value)
+
+
+# From mitsuhiko/werkzeug (used with permission).
+def parse_list_header(value):
+    """Parse lists as described by RFC 2068 Section 2.
+
+    In particular, parse comma-separated lists where the elements of
+    the list may include quoted-strings.  A quoted-string could
+    contain a comma.  A non-quoted string could have quotes in the
+    middle.  Quotes are removed automatically after parsing.
+
+    It basically works like :func:`parse_set_header` just that items
+    may appear multiple times and case sensitivity is preserved.
+
+    The return value is a standard :class:`list`:
+
+    >>> parse_list_header('token, "quoted value"')
+    ['token', 'quoted value']
+
+    To create a header from the :class:`list` again, use the
+    :func:`dump_header` function.
+
+    :param value: a string with a list header.
+    :return: :class:`list`
+    :rtype: list
+    """
+    result = []
+    for item in _parse_list_header(value):
+        if item[:1] == item[-1:] == '"':
+            item = unquote_header_value(item[1:-1])
+        result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+# From mitsuhiko/werkzeug (used with permission).
+def parse_dict_header(value):
+    """Parse lists of key, value pairs as described by RFC 2068 Section 2 and
+    convert them into a python dict:
+
+    >>> d = parse_dict_header('foo="is a fish", bar="as well"')
+    >>> type(d) is dict
+    True
+    >>> sorted(d.items())
+    [('bar', 'as well'), ('foo', 'is a fish')]
+
+    If there is no value for a key it will be `None`:
+
+    >>> parse_dict_header('key_without_value')
+    {'key_without_value': None}
+
+    To create a header from the :class:`dict` again, use the
+    :func:`dump_header` function.
+
+    :param value: a string with a dict header.
+    :return: :class:`dict`
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    result = {}
+    for item in _parse_list_header(value):
+        if '=' not in item:
+            result[item] = None
+            continue
+        name, value = item.split('=', 1)
+        if value[:1] == value[-1:] == '"':
+            value = unquote_header_value(value[1:-1])
+        result[name] = value
+    return result
+
+
+# From mitsuhiko/werkzeug (used with permission).
+def unquote_header_value(value, is_filename=False):
+    r"""Unquotes a header value.  (Reversal of :func:`quote_header_value`).
+    This does not use the real unquoting but what browsers are actually
+    using for quoting.
+
+    :param value: the header value to unquote.
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    if value and value[0] == value[-1] == '"':
+        # this is not the real unquoting, but fixing this so that the
+        # RFC is met will result in bugs with internet explorer and
+        # probably some other browsers as well.  IE for example is
+        # uploading files with "C:\foo\bar.txt" as filename
+        value = value[1:-1]
+
+        # if this is a filename and the starting characters look like
+        # a UNC path, then just return the value without quotes.  Using the
+        # replace sequence below on a UNC path has the effect of turning
+        # the leading double slash into a single slash and then
+        # _fix_ie_filename() doesn't work correctly.  See #458.
+        if not is_filename or value[:2] != '\\\\':
+            return value.replace('\\\\', '\\').replace('\\"', '"')
+    return value
+
+
+def dict_from_cookiejar(cj):
+    """Returns a key/value dictionary from a CookieJar.
+
+    :param cj: CookieJar object to extract cookies from.
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+
+    cookie_dict = {}
+
+    for cookie in cj:
+        cookie_dict[cookie.name] = cookie.value
+
+    return cookie_dict
+
+
+def add_dict_to_cookiejar(cj, cookie_dict):
+    """Returns a CookieJar from a key/value dictionary.
+
+    :param cj: CookieJar to insert cookies into.
+    :param cookie_dict: Dict of key/values to insert into CookieJar.
+    :rtype: CookieJar
+    """
+
+    return cookiejar_from_dict(cookie_dict, cj)
+
+
+def get_encodings_from_content(content):
+    """Returns encodings from given content string.
+
+    :param content: bytestring to extract encodings from.
+    """
+    warnings.warn((
+        'In requests 3.0, get_encodings_from_content will be removed. For '
+        'more information, please see the discussion on issue #2266. (This'
+        ' warning should only appear once.)'),
+        DeprecationWarning)
+
+    charset_re = re.compile(r'<meta.*?charset=["\']*(.+?)["\'>]', flags=re.I)
+    pragma_re = re.compile(r'<meta.*?content=["\']*;?charset=(.+?)["\'>]', flags=re.I)
+    xml_re = re.compile(r'^<\?xml.*?encoding=["\']*(.+?)["\'>]')
+
+    return (charset_re.findall(content) +
+            pragma_re.findall(content) +
+            xml_re.findall(content))
+
+
+def _parse_content_type_header(header):
+    """Returns content type and parameters from given header
+
+    :param header: string
+    :return: tuple containing content type and dictionary of
+         parameters
+    """
+
+    tokens = header.split(';')
+    content_type, params = tokens[0].strip(), tokens[1:]
+    params_dict = {}
+    items_to_strip = "\"' "
+
+    for param in params:
+        param = param.strip()
+        if param:
+            key, value = param, True
+            index_of_equals = param.find("=")
+            if index_of_equals != -1:
+                key = param[:index_of_equals].strip(items_to_strip)
+                value = param[index_of_equals + 1:].strip(items_to_strip)
+            params_dict[key.lower()] = value
+    return content_type, params_dict
+
+
+def get_encoding_from_headers(headers):
+    """Returns encodings from given HTTP Header Dict.
+
+    :param headers: dictionary to extract encoding from.
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+
+    content_type = headers.get('content-type')
+
+    if not content_type:
+        return None
+
+    content_type, params = _parse_content_type_header(content_type)
+
+    if 'charset' in params:
+        return params['charset'].strip("'\"")
+
+    if 'text' in content_type:
+        return 'ISO-8859-1'
+
+    if 'application/json' in content_type:
+        # Assume UTF-8 based on RFC 4627: https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4627.txt since the charset was unset
+        return 'utf-8'
+
+
+def stream_decode_response_unicode(iterator, r):
+    """Stream decodes a iterator."""
+
+    if r.encoding is None:
+        for item in iterator:
+            yield item
+        return
+
+    decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(r.encoding)(errors='replace')
+    for chunk in iterator:
+        rv = decoder.decode(chunk)
+        if rv:
+            yield rv
+    rv = decoder.decode(b'', final=True)
+    if rv:
+        yield rv
+
+
+def iter_slices(string, slice_length):
+    """Iterate over slices of a string."""
+    pos = 0
+    if slice_length is None or slice_length <= 0:
+        slice_length = len(string)
+    while pos < len(string):
+        yield string[pos:pos + slice_length]
+        pos += slice_length
+
+
+def get_unicode_from_response(r):
+    """Returns the requested content back in unicode.
+
+    :param r: Response object to get unicode content from.
+
+    Tried:
+
+    1. charset from content-type
+    2. fall back and replace all unicode characters
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    warnings.warn((
+        'In requests 3.0, get_unicode_from_response will be removed. For '
+        'more information, please see the discussion on issue #2266. (This'
+        ' warning should only appear once.)'),
+        DeprecationWarning)
+
+    tried_encodings = []
+
+    # Try charset from content-type
+    encoding = get_encoding_from_headers(r.headers)
+
+    if encoding:
+        try:
+            return str(r.content, encoding)
+        except UnicodeError:
+            tried_encodings.append(encoding)
+
+    # Fall back:
+    try:
+        return str(r.content, encoding, errors='replace')
+    except TypeError:
+        return r.content
+
+
+# The unreserved URI characters (RFC 3986)
+UNRESERVED_SET = frozenset(
+    "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" + "0123456789-._~")
+
+
+def unquote_unreserved(uri):
+    """Un-escape any percent-escape sequences in a URI that are unreserved
+    characters. This leaves all reserved, illegal and non-ASCII bytes encoded.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    parts = uri.split('%')
+    for i in range(1, len(parts)):
+        h = parts[i][0:2]
+        if len(h) == 2 and h.isalnum():
+            try:
+                c = chr(int(h, 16))
+            except ValueError:
+                raise InvalidURL("Invalid percent-escape sequence: '%s'" % h)
+
+            if c in UNRESERVED_SET:
+                parts[i] = c + parts[i][2:]
+            else:
+                parts[i] = '%' + parts[i]
+        else:
+            parts[i] = '%' + parts[i]
+    return ''.join(parts)
+
+
+def requote_uri(uri):
+    """Re-quote the given URI.
+
+    This function passes the given URI through an unquote/quote cycle to
+    ensure that it is fully and consistently quoted.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    safe_with_percent = "!#$%&'()*+,/:;=?@[]~"
+    safe_without_percent = "!#$&'()*+,/:;=?@[]~"
+    try:
+        # Unquote only the unreserved characters
+        # Then quote only illegal characters (do not quote reserved,
+        # unreserved, or '%')
+        return quote(unquote_unreserved(uri), safe=safe_with_percent)
+    except InvalidURL:
+        # We couldn't unquote the given URI, so let's try quoting it, but
+        # there may be unquoted '%'s in the URI. We need to make sure they're
+        # properly quoted so they do not cause issues elsewhere.
+        return quote(uri, safe=safe_without_percent)
+
+
+def address_in_network(ip, net):
+    """This function allows you to check if an IP belongs to a network subnet
+
+    Example: returns True if ip = 192.168.1.1 and net = 192.168.1.0/24
+             returns False if ip = 192.168.1.1 and net = 192.168.100.0/24
+
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    ipaddr = struct.unpack('=L', socket.inet_aton(ip))[0]
+    netaddr, bits = net.split('/')
+    netmask = struct.unpack('=L', socket.inet_aton(dotted_netmask(int(bits))))[0]
+    network = struct.unpack('=L', socket.inet_aton(netaddr))[0] & netmask
+    return (ipaddr & netmask) == (network & netmask)
+
+
+def dotted_netmask(mask):
+    """Converts mask from /xx format to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
+
+    Example: if mask is 24 function returns 255.255.255.0
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    bits = 0xffffffff ^ (1 << 32 - mask) - 1
+    return socket.inet_ntoa(struct.pack('>I', bits))
+
+
+def is_ipv4_address(string_ip):
+    """
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    try:
+        socket.inet_aton(string_ip)
+    except socket.error:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def is_valid_cidr(string_network):
+    """
+    Very simple check of the cidr format in no_proxy variable.
+
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    if string_network.count('/') == 1:
+        try:
+            mask = int(string_network.split('/')[1])
+        except ValueError:
+            return False
+
+        if mask < 1 or mask > 32:
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            socket.inet_aton(string_network.split('/')[0])
+        except socket.error:
+            return False
+    else:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def set_environ(env_name, value):
+    """Set the environment variable 'env_name' to 'value'
+
+    Save previous value, yield, and then restore the previous value stored in
+    the environment variable 'env_name'.
+
+    If 'value' is None, do nothing"""
+    value_changed = value is not None
+    if value_changed:
+        old_value = os.environ.get(env_name)
+        os.environ[env_name] = value
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        if value_changed:
+            if old_value is None:
+                del os.environ[env_name]
+            else:
+                os.environ[env_name] = old_value
+
+
+def should_bypass_proxies(url, no_proxy):
+    """
+    Returns whether we should bypass proxies or not.
+
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    # Prioritize lowercase environment variables over uppercase
+    # to keep a consistent behaviour with other http projects (curl, wget).
+    get_proxy = lambda k: os.environ.get(k) or os.environ.get(k.upper())
+
+    # First check whether no_proxy is defined. If it is, check that the URL
+    # we're getting isn't in the no_proxy list.
+    no_proxy_arg = no_proxy
+    if no_proxy is None:
+        no_proxy = get_proxy('no_proxy')
+    parsed = urlparse(url)
+
+    if parsed.hostname is None:
+        # URLs don't always have hostnames, e.g. file:/// urls.
+        return True
+
+    if no_proxy:
+        # We need to check whether we match here. We need to see if we match
+        # the end of the hostname, both with and without the port.
+        no_proxy = (
+            host for host in no_proxy.replace(' ', '').split(',') if host
+        )
+
+        if is_ipv4_address(parsed.hostname):
+            for proxy_ip in no_proxy:
+                if is_valid_cidr(proxy_ip):
+                    if address_in_network(parsed.hostname, proxy_ip):
+                        return True
+                elif parsed.hostname == proxy_ip:
+                    # If no_proxy ip was defined in plain IP notation instead of cidr notation &
+                    # matches the IP of the index
+                    return True
+        else:
+            host_with_port = parsed.hostname
+            if parsed.port:
+                host_with_port += ':{}'.format(parsed.port)
+
+            for host in no_proxy:
+                if parsed.hostname.endswith(host) or host_with_port.endswith(host):
+                    # The URL does match something in no_proxy, so we don't want
+                    # to apply the proxies on this URL.
+                    return True
+
+    with set_environ('no_proxy', no_proxy_arg):
+        # parsed.hostname can be `None` in cases such as a file URI.
+        try:
+            bypass = proxy_bypass(parsed.hostname)
+        except (TypeError, socket.gaierror):
+            bypass = False
+
+    if bypass:
+        return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def get_environ_proxies(url, no_proxy=None):
+    """
+    Return a dict of environment proxies.
+
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    if should_bypass_proxies(url, no_proxy=no_proxy):
+        return {}
+    else:
+        return getproxies()
+
+
+def select_proxy(url, proxies):
+    """Select a proxy for the url, if applicable.
+
+    :param url: The url being for the request
+    :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes or schemes and hosts to proxy URLs
+    """
+    proxies = proxies or {}
+    urlparts = urlparse(url)
+    if urlparts.hostname is None:
+        return proxies.get(urlparts.scheme, proxies.get('all'))
+
+    proxy_keys = [
+        urlparts.scheme + '://' + urlparts.hostname,
+        urlparts.scheme,
+        'all://' + urlparts.hostname,
+        'all',
+    ]
+    proxy = None
+    for proxy_key in proxy_keys:
+        if proxy_key in proxies:
+            proxy = proxies[proxy_key]
+            break
+
+    return proxy
+
+
+def resolve_proxies(request, proxies, trust_env=True):
+    """This method takes proxy information from a request and configuration
+    input to resolve a mapping of target proxies. This will consider settings
+    such a NO_PROXY to strip proxy configurations.
+
+    :param request: Request or PreparedRequest
+    :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes or schemes and hosts to proxy URLs
+    :param trust_env: Boolean declaring whether to trust environment configs
+
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    proxies = proxies if proxies is not None else {}
+    url = request.url
+    scheme = urlparse(url).scheme
+    no_proxy = proxies.get('no_proxy')
+    new_proxies = proxies.copy()
+
+    if trust_env and not should_bypass_proxies(url, no_proxy=no_proxy):
+        environ_proxies = get_environ_proxies(url, no_proxy=no_proxy)
+
+        proxy = environ_proxies.get(scheme, environ_proxies.get('all'))
+
+        if proxy:
+            new_proxies.setdefault(scheme, proxy)
+    return new_proxies
+
+
+def default_user_agent(name="python-requests"):
+    """
+    Return a string representing the default user agent.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    return '%s/%s' % (name, __version__)
+
+
+def default_headers():
+    """
+    :rtype: requests.structures.CaseInsensitiveDict
+    """
+    return CaseInsensitiveDict({
+        'User-Agent': default_user_agent(),
+        'Accept-Encoding': DEFAULT_ACCEPT_ENCODING,
+        'Accept': '*/*',
+        'Connection': 'keep-alive',
+    })
+
+
+def parse_header_links(value):
+    """Return a list of parsed link headers proxies.
+
+    i.e. Link: <http:/.../front.jpeg>; rel=front; type="image/jpeg",<http://.../back.jpeg>; rel=back;type="image/jpeg"
+
+    :rtype: list
+    """
+
+    links = []
+
+    replace_chars = ' \'"'
+
+    value = value.strip(replace_chars)
+    if not value:
+        return links
+
+    for val in re.split(', *<', value):
+        try:
+            url, params = val.split(';', 1)
+        except ValueError:
+            url, params = val, ''
+
+        link = {'url': url.strip('<> \'"')}
+
+        for param in params.split(';'):
+            try:
+                key, value = param.split('=')
+            except ValueError:
+                break
+
+            link[key.strip(replace_chars)] = value.strip(replace_chars)
+
+        links.append(link)
+
+    return links
+
+
+# Null bytes; no need to recreate these on each call to guess_json_utf
+_null = '\x00'.encode('ascii')  # encoding to ASCII for Python 3
+_null2 = _null * 2
+_null3 = _null * 3
+
+
+def guess_json_utf(data):
+    """
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    # JSON always starts with two ASCII characters, so detection is as
+    # easy as counting the nulls and from their location and count
+    # determine the encoding. Also detect a BOM, if present.
+    sample = data[:4]
+    if sample in (codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE, codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE):
+        return 'utf-32'     # BOM included
+    if sample[:3] == codecs.BOM_UTF8:
+        return 'utf-8-sig'  # BOM included, MS style (discouraged)
+    if sample[:2] in (codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE, codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE):
+        return 'utf-16'     # BOM included
+    nullcount = sample.count(_null)
+    if nullcount == 0:
+        return 'utf-8'
+    if nullcount == 2:
+        if sample[::2] == _null2:   # 1st and 3rd are null
+            return 'utf-16-be'
+        if sample[1::2] == _null2:  # 2nd and 4th are null
+            return 'utf-16-le'
+        # Did not detect 2 valid UTF-16 ascii-range characters
+    if nullcount == 3:
+        if sample[:3] == _null3:
+            return 'utf-32-be'
+        if sample[1:] == _null3:
+            return 'utf-32-le'
+        # Did not detect a valid UTF-32 ascii-range character
+    return None
+
+
+def prepend_scheme_if_needed(url, new_scheme):
+    """Given a URL that may or may not have a scheme, prepend the given scheme.
+    Does not replace a present scheme with the one provided as an argument.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    parsed = parse_url(url)
+    scheme, auth, host, port, path, query, fragment = parsed
+
+    # A defect in urlparse determines that there isn't a netloc present in some
+    # urls. We previously assumed parsing was overly cautious, and swapped the
+    # netloc and path. Due to a lack of tests on the original defect, this is
+    # maintained with parse_url for backwards compatibility.
+    netloc = parsed.netloc
+    if not netloc:
+        netloc, path = path, netloc
+
+    if auth:
+        # parse_url doesn't provide the netloc with auth
+        # so we'll add it ourselves.
+        netloc = '@'.join([auth, netloc])
+    if scheme is None:
+        scheme = new_scheme
+    if path is None:
+        path = ''
+
+    return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path, '', query, fragment))
+
+
+def get_auth_from_url(url):
+    """Given a url with authentication components, extract them into a tuple of
+    username,password.
+
+    :rtype: (str,str)
+    """
+    parsed = urlparse(url)
+
+    try:
+        auth = (unquote(parsed.username), unquote(parsed.password))
+    except (AttributeError, TypeError):
+        auth = ('', '')
+
+    return auth
+
+
+# Moved outside of function to avoid recompile every call
+_CLEAN_HEADER_REGEX_BYTE = re.compile(b'^\\S[^\\r\\n]*$|^$')
+_CLEAN_HEADER_REGEX_STR = re.compile(r'^\S[^\r\n]*$|^$')
+
+
+def check_header_validity(header):
+    """Verifies that header value is a string which doesn't contain
+    leading whitespace or return characters. This prevents unintended
+    header injection.
+
+    :param header: tuple, in the format (name, value).
+    """
+    name, value = header
+
+    if isinstance(value, bytes):
+        pat = _CLEAN_HEADER_REGEX_BYTE
+    else:
+        pat = _CLEAN_HEADER_REGEX_STR
+    try:
+        if not pat.match(value):
+            raise InvalidHeader("Invalid return character or leading space in header: %s" % name)
+    except TypeError:
+        raise InvalidHeader("Value for header {%s: %s} must be of type str or "
+                            "bytes, not %s" % (name, value, type(value)))
+
+
+def urldefragauth(url):
+    """
+    Given a url remove the fragment and the authentication part.
+
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment = urlparse(url)
+
+    # see func:`prepend_scheme_if_needed`
+    if not netloc:
+        netloc, path = path, netloc
+
+    netloc = netloc.rsplit('@', 1)[-1]
+
+    return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path, params, query, ''))
+
+
+def rewind_body(prepared_request):
+    """Move file pointer back to its recorded starting position
+    so it can be read again on redirect.
+    """
+    body_seek = getattr(prepared_request.body, 'seek', None)
+    if body_seek is not None and isinstance(prepared_request._body_position, integer_types):
+        try:
+            body_seek(prepared_request._body_position)
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            raise UnrewindableBodyError("An error occurred when rewinding request "
+                                        "body for redirect.")
+    else:
+        raise UnrewindableBodyError("Unable to rewind request body for redirect.")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.rst b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54cb3c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Development Lead
+----------------
+
+- Ian Stapleton Cordasco <graffatcolmingov@gmail.com>
+
+Contributors
+------------
+
+- Thomas Weißschuh
+- Kostya Esmukov
+- Derek Higgins
+- Victor Stinner
+- Viktor Haag
+- Seth Michael Larson
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72ce24c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Copyright 2014 Ian Cordasco, Rackspace
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ddcde0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: rfc3986
+Version: 1.5.0
+Summary: Validating URI References per RFC 3986
+Home-page: http://rfc3986.readthedocs.io
+Author: Ian Stapleton Cordasco
+Author-email: graffatcolmingov@gmail.com
+License: Apache 2.0
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Natural Language :: English
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Provides-Extra: idna2008
+Requires-Dist: idna ; extra == 'idna2008'
+
+rfc3986
+=======
+
+A Python implementation of `RFC 3986`_ including validation and authority 
+parsing.
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+Use pip to install ``rfc3986`` like so::
+
+    pip install rfc3986
+
+License
+-------
+
+`Apache License Version 2.0`_
+
+Example Usage
+-------------
+
+The following are the two most common use cases envisioned for ``rfc3986``.
+
+Replacing ``urlparse``
+``````````````````````
+
+To parse a URI and receive something very similar to the standard library's
+``urllib.parse.urlparse``
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from rfc3986 import urlparse
+
+    ssh = urlparse('ssh://user@git.openstack.org:29418/openstack/glance.git')
+    print(ssh.scheme)  # => ssh
+    print(ssh.userinfo)  # => user
+    print(ssh.params)  # => None
+    print(ssh.port)  # => 29418
+
+To create a copy of it with new pieces you can use ``copy_with``:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    new_ssh = ssh.copy_with(
+        scheme='https'
+        userinfo='',
+        port=443,
+        path='/openstack/glance'
+    )
+    print(new_ssh.scheme)  # => https
+    print(new_ssh.userinfo)  # => None
+    # etc.
+
+Strictly Parsing a URI and Applying Validation
+``````````````````````````````````````````````
+
+To parse a URI into a convenient named tuple, you can simply:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from rfc3986 import uri_reference
+
+    example = uri_reference('http://example.com')
+    email = uri_reference('mailto:user@domain.com')
+    ssh = uri_reference('ssh://user@git.openstack.org:29418/openstack/keystone.git')
+
+With a parsed URI you can access data about the components:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    print(example.scheme)  # => http
+    print(email.path)  # => user@domain.com
+    print(ssh.userinfo)  # => user
+    print(ssh.host)  # => git.openstack.org
+    print(ssh.port)  # => 29418
+
+It can also parse URIs with unicode present:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    uni = uri_reference(b'http://httpbin.org/get?utf8=\xe2\x98\x83')  # ☃
+    print(uni.query)  # utf8=%E2%98%83
+
+With a parsed URI you can also validate it:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    if ssh.is_valid():
+        subprocess.call(['git', 'clone', ssh.unsplit()])
+
+You can also take a parsed URI and normalize it:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    mangled = uri_reference('hTTp://exAMPLe.COM')
+    print(mangled.scheme)  # => hTTp
+    print(mangled.authority)  # => exAMPLe.COM
+
+    normal = mangled.normalize()
+    print(normal.scheme)  # => http
+    print(mangled.authority)  # => example.com
+
+But these two URIs are (functionally) equivalent:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    if normal == mangled:
+        webbrowser.open(normal.unsplit())
+
+Your paths, queries, and fragments are safe with us though:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    mangled = uri_reference('hTTp://exAMPLe.COM/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth')
+    normal = mangled.normalize()
+    assert normal == 'hTTp://exAMPLe.COM/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth'
+    assert normal == 'http://example.com/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth'
+    assert normal != 'http://example.com/some/really/bizzare/path'
+
+If you do not actually need a real reference object and just want to normalize
+your URI:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from rfc3986 import normalize_uri
+
+    assert (normalize_uri('hTTp://exAMPLe.COM/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth') ==
+            'http://example.com/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth')
+
+You can also very simply validate a URI:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from rfc3986 import is_valid_uri
+
+    assert is_valid_uri('hTTp://exAMPLe.COM/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth')
+
+Requiring Components
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can validate that a particular string is a valid URI and require
+independent components:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from rfc3986 import is_valid_uri
+
+    assert is_valid_uri('http://localhost:8774/v2/resource',
+                        require_scheme=True,
+                        require_authority=True,
+                        require_path=True)
+
+    # Assert that a mailto URI is invalid if you require an authority
+    # component
+    assert is_valid_uri('mailto:user@example.com', require_authority=True) is False
+
+If you have an instance of a ``URIReference``, you can pass the same arguments
+to ``URIReference#is_valid``, e.g.,
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from rfc3986 import uri_reference
+
+    http = uri_reference('http://localhost:8774/v2/resource')
+    assert uri.is_valid(require_scheme=True,
+                        require_authority=True,
+                        require_path=True)
+
+    # Assert that a mailto URI is invalid if you require an authority
+    # component
+    mailto = uri_reference('mailto:user@example.com')
+    assert uri.is_valid(require_authority=True) is False
+
+Alternatives
+------------
+
+- `rfc3987 <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/rfc3987/1.3.4>`_
+
+  This is a direct competitor to this library, with extra features,
+  licensed under the GPL.
+
+- `uritools <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uritools/0.5.1>`_
+
+  This can parse URIs in the manner of RFC 3986 but provides no validation and
+  only recently added Python 3 support.
+
+- Standard library's `urlparse`/`urllib.parse`
+
+  The functions in these libraries can only split a URI (valid or not) and
+  provide no validation.
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+This project follows and enforces the Python Software Foundation's `Code of
+Conduct <https://www.python.org/psf/codeofconduct/>`_.
+
+If you would like to contribute but do not have a bug or feature in mind, feel
+free to email Ian and find out how you can help.
+
+The git repository for this project is maintained at
+https://github.com/python-hyper/rfc3986
+
+.. _RFC 3986: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986
+.. _Apache License Version 2.0: https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54535e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.rst,sha256=QjlDdMHiNeQv1lPqHeGQ4OtiEPCwFafJLu7t23AXDHo,223
+rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=wN3OM7-sSApmveQMWQ7eJkekyKcp3LDSzkbAFEc9Xdg,564
+rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=qkuCB_ifgypthNS6-M-IOKli-F3YPR8xzOOXPHEu2Wo,6458
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+rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=Z-nyYpwrcSqxfdux5Mbn_DQ525iP7J2DG3JgGvOYyTQ,110
+rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=Z10Qesb0UV9AbxlTIV9AnOAwk-343WnE85K8xfN4OmA,8
+rfc3986/__init__.py,sha256=Yc1nYWLNwBn1XUCt3lPMC6cPD3S82FKPPc4IpTaFjCE,1591
+rfc3986/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+rfc3986/__pycache__/_mixin.cpython-39.pyc,,
+rfc3986/__pycache__/abnf_regexp.cpython-39.pyc,,
+rfc3986/__pycache__/api.cpython-39.pyc,,
+rfc3986/__pycache__/builder.cpython-39.pyc,,
+rfc3986/__pycache__/compat.cpython-39.pyc,,
+rfc3986/__pycache__/exceptions.cpython-39.pyc,,
+rfc3986/__pycache__/iri.cpython-39.pyc,,
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+rfc3986/__pycache__/parseresult.cpython-39.pyc,,
+rfc3986/__pycache__/uri.cpython-39.pyc,,
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+rfc3986/abnf_regexp.py,sha256=hTIxwQQcngkTmmDn0T0m0_6dZZIiMovYEsITUrZIL3Q,9121
+rfc3986/api.py,sha256=UzjPnQ4_G0ludMVXEeq6CVYmFQ55rDpKvHakGZMxVe8,3887
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+rfc3986/normalizers.py,sha256=f6oLvNUadxZDJDtx3JvqF_exGGD7PvLaibYQBUfh2NE,5294
+rfc3986/parseresult.py,sha256=NvbPpPzuuputHpJc4J2cjcNy6B7c6rscFqzSnksDWmc,14742
+rfc3986/uri.py,sha256=LYNAlr2ujVfCa6jcV8o1I1hOuviuuXsSRHpST2DyvAw,5225
+rfc3986/validators.py,sha256=qcvNnrpk2el-otJN-ZRGZ0PE4xaSEP97lKREXG_YtpM,13839
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01b8fc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.36.2)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af30258
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986-1.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+rfc3986
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a052299
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2014 Rackspace
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+An implementation of semantics and validations described in RFC 3986.
+
+See http://rfc3986.readthedocs.io/ for detailed documentation.
+
+:copyright: (c) 2014 Rackspace
+:license: Apache v2.0, see LICENSE for details
+"""
+
+from .api import iri_reference
+from .api import IRIReference
+from .api import is_valid_uri
+from .api import normalize_uri
+from .api import uri_reference
+from .api import URIReference
+from .api import urlparse
+from .parseresult import ParseResult
+
+__title__ = "rfc3986"
+__author__ = "Ian Stapleton Cordasco"
+__author_email__ = "graffatcolmingov@gmail.com"
+__license__ = "Apache v2.0"
+__copyright__ = "Copyright 2014 Rackspace; 2016 Ian Stapleton Cordasco"
+__version__ = "1.5.0"
+
+__all__ = (
+    "ParseResult",
+    "URIReference",
+    "IRIReference",
+    "is_valid_uri",
+    "normalize_uri",
+    "uri_reference",
+    "iri_reference",
+    "urlparse",
+    "__title__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__author_email__",
+    "__license__",
+    "__copyright__",
+    "__version__",
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/_mixin.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/_mixin.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46e200e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/_mixin.py
@@ -0,0 +1,373 @@
+"""Module containing the implementation of the URIMixin class."""
+import warnings
+
+from . import exceptions as exc
+from . import misc
+from . import normalizers
+from . import validators
+
+
+class URIMixin(object):
+    """Mixin with all shared methods for URIs and IRIs."""
+
+    __hash__ = tuple.__hash__
+
+    def authority_info(self):
+        """Return a dictionary with the ``userinfo``, ``host``, and ``port``.
+
+        If the authority is not valid, it will raise a
+        :class:`~rfc3986.exceptions.InvalidAuthority` Exception.
+
+        :returns:
+            ``{'userinfo': 'username:password', 'host': 'www.example.com',
+            'port': '80'}``
+        :rtype: dict
+        :raises rfc3986.exceptions.InvalidAuthority:
+            If the authority is not ``None`` and can not be parsed.
+        """
+        if not self.authority:
+            return {"userinfo": None, "host": None, "port": None}
+
+        match = self._match_subauthority()
+
+        if match is None:
+            # In this case, we have an authority that was parsed from the URI
+            # Reference, but it cannot be further parsed by our
+            # misc.SUBAUTHORITY_MATCHER. In this case it must not be a valid
+            # authority.
+            raise exc.InvalidAuthority(self.authority.encode(self.encoding))
+
+        # We had a match, now let's ensure that it is actually a valid host
+        # address if it is IPv4
+        matches = match.groupdict()
+        host = matches.get("host")
+
+        if (
+            host
+            and misc.IPv4_MATCHER.match(host)
+            and not validators.valid_ipv4_host_address(host)
+        ):
+            # If we have a host, it appears to be IPv4 and it does not have
+            # valid bytes, it is an InvalidAuthority.
+            raise exc.InvalidAuthority(self.authority.encode(self.encoding))
+
+        return matches
+
+    def _match_subauthority(self):
+        return misc.SUBAUTHORITY_MATCHER.match(self.authority)
+
+    @property
+    def host(self):
+        """If present, a string representing the host."""
+        try:
+            authority = self.authority_info()
+        except exc.InvalidAuthority:
+            return None
+        return authority["host"]
+
+    @property
+    def port(self):
+        """If present, the port extracted from the authority."""
+        try:
+            authority = self.authority_info()
+        except exc.InvalidAuthority:
+            return None
+        return authority["port"]
+
+    @property
+    def userinfo(self):
+        """If present, the userinfo extracted from the authority."""
+        try:
+            authority = self.authority_info()
+        except exc.InvalidAuthority:
+            return None
+        return authority["userinfo"]
+
+    def is_absolute(self):
+        """Determine if this URI Reference is an absolute URI.
+
+        See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.3 for explanation.
+
+        :returns: ``True`` if it is an absolute URI, ``False`` otherwise.
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        return bool(misc.ABSOLUTE_URI_MATCHER.match(self.unsplit()))
+
+    def is_valid(self, **kwargs):
+        """Determine if the URI is valid.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 1.1.0
+
+            Use the :class:`~rfc3986.validators.Validator` object instead.
+
+        :param bool require_scheme: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require the
+            presence of the scheme component.
+        :param bool require_authority: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require
+            the presence of the authority component.
+        :param bool require_path: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require the
+            presence of the path component.
+        :param bool require_query: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require the
+            presence of the query component.
+        :param bool require_fragment: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require
+            the presence of the fragment component.
+        :returns: ``True`` if the URI is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Please use rfc3986.validators.Validator instead. "
+            "This method will be eventually removed.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        validators = [
+            (self.scheme_is_valid, kwargs.get("require_scheme", False)),
+            (self.authority_is_valid, kwargs.get("require_authority", False)),
+            (self.path_is_valid, kwargs.get("require_path", False)),
+            (self.query_is_valid, kwargs.get("require_query", False)),
+            (self.fragment_is_valid, kwargs.get("require_fragment", False)),
+        ]
+        return all(v(r) for v, r in validators)
+
+    def authority_is_valid(self, require=False):
+        """Determine if the authority component is valid.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 1.1.0
+
+            Use the :class:`~rfc3986.validators.Validator` object instead.
+
+        :param bool require:
+            Set to ``True`` to require the presence of this component.
+        :returns:
+            ``True`` if the authority is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+        :rtype:
+            bool
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Please use rfc3986.validators.Validator instead. "
+            "This method will be eventually removed.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        try:
+            self.authority_info()
+        except exc.InvalidAuthority:
+            return False
+
+        return validators.authority_is_valid(
+            self.authority,
+            host=self.host,
+            require=require,
+        )
+
+    def scheme_is_valid(self, require=False):
+        """Determine if the scheme component is valid.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 1.1.0
+
+            Use the :class:`~rfc3986.validators.Validator` object instead.
+
+        :param str require: Set to ``True`` to require the presence of this
+            component.
+        :returns: ``True`` if the scheme is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Please use rfc3986.validators.Validator instead. "
+            "This method will be eventually removed.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return validators.scheme_is_valid(self.scheme, require)
+
+    def path_is_valid(self, require=False):
+        """Determine if the path component is valid.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 1.1.0
+
+            Use the :class:`~rfc3986.validators.Validator` object instead.
+
+        :param str require: Set to ``True`` to require the presence of this
+            component.
+        :returns: ``True`` if the path is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Please use rfc3986.validators.Validator instead. "
+            "This method will be eventually removed.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return validators.path_is_valid(self.path, require)
+
+    def query_is_valid(self, require=False):
+        """Determine if the query component is valid.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 1.1.0
+
+            Use the :class:`~rfc3986.validators.Validator` object instead.
+
+        :param str require: Set to ``True`` to require the presence of this
+            component.
+        :returns: ``True`` if the query is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Please use rfc3986.validators.Validator instead. "
+            "This method will be eventually removed.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return validators.query_is_valid(self.query, require)
+
+    def fragment_is_valid(self, require=False):
+        """Determine if the fragment component is valid.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 1.1.0
+
+            Use the Validator object instead.
+
+        :param str require: Set to ``True`` to require the presence of this
+            component.
+        :returns: ``True`` if the fragment is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Please use rfc3986.validators.Validator instead. "
+            "This method will be eventually removed.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return validators.fragment_is_valid(self.fragment, require)
+
+    def normalized_equality(self, other_ref):
+        """Compare this URIReference to another URIReference.
+
+        :param URIReference other_ref: (required), The reference with which
+            we're comparing.
+        :returns: ``True`` if the references are equal, ``False`` otherwise.
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        return tuple(self.normalize()) == tuple(other_ref.normalize())
+
+    def resolve_with(self, base_uri, strict=False):
+        """Use an absolute URI Reference to resolve this relative reference.
+
+        Assuming this is a relative reference that you would like to resolve,
+        use the provided base URI to resolve it.
+
+        See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5 for more information.
+
+        :param base_uri: Either a string or URIReference. It must be an
+            absolute URI or it will raise an exception.
+        :returns: A new URIReference which is the result of resolving this
+            reference using ``base_uri``.
+        :rtype: :class:`URIReference`
+        :raises rfc3986.exceptions.ResolutionError:
+            If the ``base_uri`` is not an absolute URI.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(base_uri, URIMixin):
+            base_uri = type(self).from_string(base_uri)
+
+        if not base_uri.is_absolute():
+            raise exc.ResolutionError(base_uri)
+
+        # This is optional per
+        # http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.2.1
+        base_uri = base_uri.normalize()
+
+        # The reference we're resolving
+        resolving = self
+
+        if not strict and resolving.scheme == base_uri.scheme:
+            resolving = resolving.copy_with(scheme=None)
+
+        # http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#page-32
+        if resolving.scheme is not None:
+            target = resolving.copy_with(
+                path=normalizers.normalize_path(resolving.path)
+            )
+        else:
+            if resolving.authority is not None:
+                target = resolving.copy_with(
+                    scheme=base_uri.scheme,
+                    path=normalizers.normalize_path(resolving.path),
+                )
+            else:
+                if resolving.path is None:
+                    if resolving.query is not None:
+                        query = resolving.query
+                    else:
+                        query = base_uri.query
+                    target = resolving.copy_with(
+                        scheme=base_uri.scheme,
+                        authority=base_uri.authority,
+                        path=base_uri.path,
+                        query=query,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    if resolving.path.startswith("/"):
+                        path = normalizers.normalize_path(resolving.path)
+                    else:
+                        path = normalizers.normalize_path(
+                            misc.merge_paths(base_uri, resolving.path)
+                        )
+                    target = resolving.copy_with(
+                        scheme=base_uri.scheme,
+                        authority=base_uri.authority,
+                        path=path,
+                        query=resolving.query,
+                    )
+        return target
+
+    def unsplit(self):
+        """Create a URI string from the components.
+
+        :returns: The URI Reference reconstituted as a string.
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        # See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.3
+        result_list = []
+        if self.scheme:
+            result_list.extend([self.scheme, ":"])
+        if self.authority:
+            result_list.extend(["//", self.authority])
+        if self.path:
+            result_list.append(self.path)
+        if self.query is not None:
+            result_list.extend(["?", self.query])
+        if self.fragment is not None:
+            result_list.extend(["#", self.fragment])
+        return "".join(result_list)
+
+    def copy_with(
+        self,
+        scheme=misc.UseExisting,
+        authority=misc.UseExisting,
+        path=misc.UseExisting,
+        query=misc.UseExisting,
+        fragment=misc.UseExisting,
+    ):
+        """Create a copy of this reference with the new components.
+
+        :param str scheme:
+            (optional) The scheme to use for the new reference.
+        :param str authority:
+            (optional) The authority to use for the new reference.
+        :param str path:
+            (optional) The path to use for the new reference.
+        :param str query:
+            (optional) The query to use for the new reference.
+        :param str fragment:
+            (optional) The fragment to use for the new reference.
+        :returns:
+            New URIReference with provided components.
+        :rtype:
+            URIReference
+        """
+        attributes = {
+            "scheme": scheme,
+            "authority": authority,
+            "path": path,
+            "query": query,
+            "fragment": fragment,
+        }
+        for key, value in list(attributes.items()):
+            if value is misc.UseExisting:
+                del attributes[key]
+        uri = self._replace(**attributes)
+        uri.encoding = self.encoding
+        return uri
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/abnf_regexp.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/abnf_regexp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2e7ee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/abnf_regexp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Module for the regular expressions crafted from ABNF."""
+
+import sys
+
+# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#page-13
+GEN_DELIMS = GENERIC_DELIMITERS = ":/?#[]@"
+GENERIC_DELIMITERS_SET = set(GENERIC_DELIMITERS)
+# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#page-13
+SUB_DELIMS = SUB_DELIMITERS = "!$&'()*+,;="
+SUB_DELIMITERS_SET = set(SUB_DELIMITERS)
+# Escape the '*' for use in regular expressions
+SUB_DELIMITERS_RE = r"!$&'()\*+,;="
+RESERVED_CHARS_SET = GENERIC_DELIMITERS_SET.union(SUB_DELIMITERS_SET)
+ALPHA = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+DIGIT = "0123456789"
+# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.3
+UNRESERVED = UNRESERVED_CHARS = ALPHA + DIGIT + r"._!-~"
+UNRESERVED_CHARS_SET = set(UNRESERVED_CHARS)
+NON_PCT_ENCODED_SET = RESERVED_CHARS_SET.union(UNRESERVED_CHARS_SET)
+# We need to escape the '-' in this case:
+UNRESERVED_RE = r"A-Za-z0-9._~\-"
+
+# Percent encoded character values
+PERCENT_ENCODED = PCT_ENCODED = "%[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}"
+PCHAR = "([" + UNRESERVED_RE + SUB_DELIMITERS_RE + ":@]|%s)" % PCT_ENCODED
+
+# NOTE(sigmavirus24): We're going to use more strict regular expressions
+# than appear in Appendix B for scheme. This will prevent over-eager
+# consuming of items that aren't schemes.
+SCHEME_RE = "[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]*"
+_AUTHORITY_RE = "[^\\\\/?#]*"
+_PATH_RE = "[^?#]*"
+_QUERY_RE = "[^#]*"
+_FRAGMENT_RE = ".*"
+
+# Extracted from http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#appendix-B
+COMPONENT_PATTERN_DICT = {
+    "scheme": SCHEME_RE,
+    "authority": _AUTHORITY_RE,
+    "path": _PATH_RE,
+    "query": _QUERY_RE,
+    "fragment": _FRAGMENT_RE,
+}
+
+# See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#appendix-B
+# In this case, we name each of the important matches so we can use
+# SRE_Match#groupdict to parse the values out if we so choose. This is also
+# modified to ignore other matches that are not important to the parsing of
+# the reference so we can also simply use SRE_Match#groups.
+URL_PARSING_RE = (
+    r"(?:(?P<scheme>{scheme}):)?(?://(?P<authority>{authority}))?"
+    r"(?P<path>{path})(?:\?(?P<query>{query}))?"
+    r"(?:#(?P<fragment>{fragment}))?"
+).format(**COMPONENT_PATTERN_DICT)
+
+
+# #########################
+# Authority Matcher Section
+# #########################
+
+# Host patterns, see: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
+# The pattern for a regular name, e.g.,  www.google.com, api.github.com
+REGULAR_NAME_RE = REG_NAME = "((?:{0}|[{1}])*)".format(
+    "%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}", SUB_DELIMITERS_RE + UNRESERVED_RE
+)
+# The pattern for an IPv4 address, e.g., 192.168.255.255, 127.0.0.1,
+IPv4_RE = r"([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}"
+# Hexadecimal characters used in each piece of an IPv6 address
+HEXDIG_RE = "[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}"
+# Least-significant 32 bits of an IPv6 address
+LS32_RE = "({hex}:{hex}|{ipv4})".format(hex=HEXDIG_RE, ipv4=IPv4_RE)
+# Substitutions into the following patterns for IPv6 patterns defined
+# http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#page-20
+_subs = {"hex": HEXDIG_RE, "ls32": LS32_RE}
+
+# Below: h16 = hexdig, see: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234 for details
+# about ABNF (Augmented Backus-Naur Form) use in the comments
+variations = [
+    #                            6( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(%(hex)s:){6}%(ls32)s" % _subs,
+    #                       "::" 5( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "::(%(hex)s:){5}%(ls32)s" % _subs,
+    # [               h16 ] "::" 4( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(%(hex)s)?::(%(hex)s:){4}%(ls32)s" % _subs,
+    # [ *1( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 3( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "((%(hex)s:)?%(hex)s)?::(%(hex)s:){3}%(ls32)s" % _subs,
+    # [ *2( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 2( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "((%(hex)s:){0,2}%(hex)s)?::(%(hex)s:){2}%(ls32)s" % _subs,
+    # [ *3( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"    h16 ":"   ls32
+    "((%(hex)s:){0,3}%(hex)s)?::%(hex)s:%(ls32)s" % _subs,
+    # [ *4( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"              ls32
+    "((%(hex)s:){0,4}%(hex)s)?::%(ls32)s" % _subs,
+    # [ *5( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"              h16
+    "((%(hex)s:){0,5}%(hex)s)?::%(hex)s" % _subs,
+    # [ *6( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"
+    "((%(hex)s:){0,6}%(hex)s)?::" % _subs,
+]
+
+IPv6_RE = "(({0})|({1})|({2})|({3})|({4})|({5})|({6})|({7})|({8}))".format(
+    *variations
+)
+
+IPv_FUTURE_RE = r"v[0-9A-Fa-f]+\.[%s]+" % (
+    UNRESERVED_RE + SUB_DELIMITERS_RE + ":"
+)
+
+# RFC 6874 Zone ID ABNF
+ZONE_ID = "(?:[" + UNRESERVED_RE + "]|" + PCT_ENCODED + ")+"
+
+IPv6_ADDRZ_RFC4007_RE = IPv6_RE + "(?:(?:%25|%)" + ZONE_ID + ")?"
+IPv6_ADDRZ_RE = IPv6_RE + "(?:%25" + ZONE_ID + ")?"
+
+IP_LITERAL_RE = r"\[({0}|{1})\]".format(
+    IPv6_ADDRZ_RFC4007_RE,
+    IPv_FUTURE_RE,
+)
+
+# Pattern for matching the host piece of the authority
+HOST_RE = HOST_PATTERN = "({0}|{1}|{2})".format(
+    REG_NAME,
+    IPv4_RE,
+    IP_LITERAL_RE,
+)
+USERINFO_RE = (
+    "^([" + UNRESERVED_RE + SUB_DELIMITERS_RE + ":]|%s)+" % (PCT_ENCODED)
+)
+PORT_RE = "[0-9]{1,5}"
+
+# ####################
+# Path Matcher Section
+# ####################
+
+# See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.3 for more information
+# about the path patterns defined below.
+segments = {
+    "segment": PCHAR + "*",
+    # Non-zero length segment
+    "segment-nz": PCHAR + "+",
+    # Non-zero length segment without ":"
+    "segment-nz-nc": PCHAR.replace(":", "") + "+",
+}
+
+# Path types taken from Section 3.3 (linked above)
+PATH_EMPTY = "^$"
+PATH_ROOTLESS = "%(segment-nz)s(/%(segment)s)*" % segments
+PATH_NOSCHEME = "%(segment-nz-nc)s(/%(segment)s)*" % segments
+PATH_ABSOLUTE = "/(%s)?" % PATH_ROOTLESS
+PATH_ABEMPTY = "(/%(segment)s)*" % segments
+PATH_RE = "^(%s|%s|%s|%s|%s)$" % (
+    PATH_ABEMPTY,
+    PATH_ABSOLUTE,
+    PATH_NOSCHEME,
+    PATH_ROOTLESS,
+    PATH_EMPTY,
+)
+
+FRAGMENT_RE = QUERY_RE = (
+    "^([/?:@" + UNRESERVED_RE + SUB_DELIMITERS_RE + "]|%s)*$" % PCT_ENCODED
+)
+
+# ##########################
+# Relative reference matcher
+# ##########################
+
+# See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.2 for details
+RELATIVE_PART_RE = "(//%s%s|%s|%s|%s)" % (
+    COMPONENT_PATTERN_DICT["authority"],
+    PATH_ABEMPTY,
+    PATH_ABSOLUTE,
+    PATH_NOSCHEME,
+    PATH_EMPTY,
+)
+
+# See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3 for definition
+HIER_PART_RE = "(//%s%s|%s|%s|%s)" % (
+    COMPONENT_PATTERN_DICT["authority"],
+    PATH_ABEMPTY,
+    PATH_ABSOLUTE,
+    PATH_ROOTLESS,
+    PATH_EMPTY,
+)
+
+# ###############
+# IRIs / RFC 3987
+# ###############
+
+# Only wide-unicode gets the high-ranges of UCSCHAR
+if sys.maxunicode > 0xFFFF:  # pragma: no cover
+    IPRIVATE = u"\uE000-\uF8FF\U000F0000-\U000FFFFD\U00100000-\U0010FFFD"
+    UCSCHAR_RE = (
+        u"\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF"
+        u"\U00010000-\U0001FFFD\U00020000-\U0002FFFD"
+        u"\U00030000-\U0003FFFD\U00040000-\U0004FFFD"
+        u"\U00050000-\U0005FFFD\U00060000-\U0006FFFD"
+        u"\U00070000-\U0007FFFD\U00080000-\U0008FFFD"
+        u"\U00090000-\U0009FFFD\U000A0000-\U000AFFFD"
+        u"\U000B0000-\U000BFFFD\U000C0000-\U000CFFFD"
+        u"\U000D0000-\U000DFFFD\U000E1000-\U000EFFFD"
+    )
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+    IPRIVATE = u"\uE000-\uF8FF"
+    UCSCHAR_RE = u"\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF"
+
+IUNRESERVED_RE = u"A-Za-z0-9\\._~\\-" + UCSCHAR_RE
+IPCHAR = u"([" + IUNRESERVED_RE + SUB_DELIMITERS_RE + u":@]|%s)" % PCT_ENCODED
+
+isegments = {
+    "isegment": IPCHAR + u"*",
+    # Non-zero length segment
+    "isegment-nz": IPCHAR + u"+",
+    # Non-zero length segment without ":"
+    "isegment-nz-nc": IPCHAR.replace(":", "") + u"+",
+}
+
+IPATH_ROOTLESS = u"%(isegment-nz)s(/%(isegment)s)*" % isegments
+IPATH_NOSCHEME = u"%(isegment-nz-nc)s(/%(isegment)s)*" % isegments
+IPATH_ABSOLUTE = u"/(?:%s)?" % IPATH_ROOTLESS
+IPATH_ABEMPTY = u"(?:/%(isegment)s)*" % isegments
+IPATH_RE = u"^(?:%s|%s|%s|%s|%s)$" % (
+    IPATH_ABEMPTY,
+    IPATH_ABSOLUTE,
+    IPATH_NOSCHEME,
+    IPATH_ROOTLESS,
+    PATH_EMPTY,
+)
+
+IREGULAR_NAME_RE = IREG_NAME = u"(?:{0}|[{1}])*".format(
+    u"%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}", SUB_DELIMITERS_RE + IUNRESERVED_RE
+)
+
+IHOST_RE = IHOST_PATTERN = u"({0}|{1}|{2})".format(
+    IREG_NAME,
+    IPv4_RE,
+    IP_LITERAL_RE,
+)
+
+IUSERINFO_RE = (
+    u"^(?:[" + IUNRESERVED_RE + SUB_DELIMITERS_RE + u":]|%s)+" % (PCT_ENCODED)
+)
+
+IFRAGMENT_RE = (
+    u"^(?:[/?:@"
+    + IUNRESERVED_RE
+    + SUB_DELIMITERS_RE
+    + u"]|%s)*$" % PCT_ENCODED
+)
+IQUERY_RE = (
+    u"^(?:[/?:@"
+    + IUNRESERVED_RE
+    + SUB_DELIMITERS_RE
+    + IPRIVATE
+    + u"]|%s)*$" % PCT_ENCODED
+)
+
+IRELATIVE_PART_RE = u"(//%s%s|%s|%s|%s)" % (
+    COMPONENT_PATTERN_DICT["authority"],
+    IPATH_ABEMPTY,
+    IPATH_ABSOLUTE,
+    IPATH_NOSCHEME,
+    PATH_EMPTY,
+)
+
+IHIER_PART_RE = u"(//%s%s|%s|%s|%s)" % (
+    COMPONENT_PATTERN_DICT["authority"],
+    IPATH_ABEMPTY,
+    IPATH_ABSOLUTE,
+    IPATH_ROOTLESS,
+    PATH_EMPTY,
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e098b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2014 Rackspace
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""
+Module containing the simple and functional API for rfc3986.
+
+This module defines functions and provides access to the public attributes
+and classes of rfc3986.
+"""
+
+from .iri import IRIReference
+from .parseresult import ParseResult
+from .uri import URIReference
+
+
+def uri_reference(uri, encoding="utf-8"):
+    """Parse a URI string into a URIReference.
+
+    This is a convenience function. You could achieve the same end by using
+    ``URIReference.from_string(uri)``.
+
+    :param str uri: The URI which needs to be parsed into a reference.
+    :param str encoding: The encoding of the string provided
+    :returns: A parsed URI
+    :rtype: :class:`URIReference`
+    """
+    return URIReference.from_string(uri, encoding)
+
+
+def iri_reference(iri, encoding="utf-8"):
+    """Parse a IRI string into an IRIReference.
+
+    This is a convenience function. You could achieve the same end by using
+    ``IRIReference.from_string(iri)``.
+
+    :param str iri: The IRI which needs to be parsed into a reference.
+    :param str encoding: The encoding of the string provided
+    :returns: A parsed IRI
+    :rtype: :class:`IRIReference`
+    """
+    return IRIReference.from_string(iri, encoding)
+
+
+def is_valid_uri(uri, encoding="utf-8", **kwargs):
+    """Determine if the URI given is valid.
+
+    This is a convenience function. You could use either
+    ``uri_reference(uri).is_valid()`` or
+    ``URIReference.from_string(uri).is_valid()`` to achieve the same result.
+
+    :param str uri: The URI to be validated.
+    :param str encoding: The encoding of the string provided
+    :param bool require_scheme: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require the
+        presence of the scheme component.
+    :param bool require_authority: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require the
+        presence of the authority component.
+    :param bool require_path: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require the
+        presence of the path component.
+    :param bool require_query: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require the
+        presence of the query component.
+    :param bool require_fragment: Set to ``True`` if you wish to require the
+        presence of the fragment component.
+    :returns: ``True`` if the URI is valid, ``False`` otherwise.
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    return URIReference.from_string(uri, encoding).is_valid(**kwargs)
+
+
+def normalize_uri(uri, encoding="utf-8"):
+    """Normalize the given URI.
+
+    This is a convenience function. You could use either
+    ``uri_reference(uri).normalize().unsplit()`` or
+    ``URIReference.from_string(uri).normalize().unsplit()`` instead.
+
+    :param str uri: The URI to be normalized.
+    :param str encoding: The encoding of the string provided
+    :returns: The normalized URI.
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    normalized_reference = URIReference.from_string(uri, encoding).normalize()
+    return normalized_reference.unsplit()
+
+
+def urlparse(uri, encoding="utf-8"):
+    """Parse a given URI and return a ParseResult.
+
+    This is a partial replacement of the standard library's urlparse function.
+
+    :param str uri: The URI to be parsed.
+    :param str encoding: The encoding of the string provided.
+    :returns: A parsed URI
+    :rtype: :class:`~rfc3986.parseresult.ParseResult`
+    """
+    return ParseResult.from_string(uri, encoding, strict=False)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/builder.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/builder.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8fc178c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/builder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2017 Ian Stapleton Cordasco
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Module containing the logic for the URIBuilder object."""
+from . import compat
+from . import normalizers
+from . import uri
+from . import uri_reference
+
+
+class URIBuilder(object):
+    """Object to aid in building up a URI Reference from parts.
+
+    .. note::
+
+        This object should be instantiated by the user, but it's recommended
+        that it is not provided with arguments. Instead, use the available
+        method to populate the fields.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        scheme=None,
+        userinfo=None,
+        host=None,
+        port=None,
+        path=None,
+        query=None,
+        fragment=None,
+    ):
+        """Initialize our URI builder.
+
+        :param str scheme:
+            (optional)
+        :param str userinfo:
+            (optional)
+        :param str host:
+            (optional)
+        :param int port:
+            (optional)
+        :param str path:
+            (optional)
+        :param str query:
+            (optional)
+        :param str fragment:
+            (optional)
+        """
+        self.scheme = scheme
+        self.userinfo = userinfo
+        self.host = host
+        self.port = port
+        self.path = path
+        self.query = query
+        self.fragment = fragment
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """Provide a convenient view of our builder object."""
+        formatstr = (
+            "URIBuilder(scheme={b.scheme}, userinfo={b.userinfo}, "
+            "host={b.host}, port={b.port}, path={b.path}, "
+            "query={b.query}, fragment={b.fragment})"
+        )
+        return formatstr.format(b=self)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_uri(cls, reference):
+        """Initialize the URI builder from another URI.
+
+        Takes the given URI reference and creates a new URI builder instance
+        populated with the values from the reference. If given a string it will
+        try to convert it to a reference before constructing the builder.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(reference, uri.URIReference):
+            reference = uri_reference(reference)
+        return cls(
+            scheme=reference.scheme,
+            userinfo=reference.userinfo,
+            host=reference.host,
+            port=reference.port,
+            path=reference.path,
+            query=reference.query,
+            fragment=reference.fragment,
+        )
+
+    def add_scheme(self, scheme):
+        """Add a scheme to our builder object.
+
+        After normalizing, this will generate a new URIBuilder instance with
+        the specified scheme and all other attributes the same.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_scheme('HTTPS')
+            URIBuilder(scheme='https', userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path=None, query=None, fragment=None)
+
+        """
+        scheme = normalizers.normalize_scheme(scheme)
+        return URIBuilder(
+            scheme=scheme,
+            userinfo=self.userinfo,
+            host=self.host,
+            port=self.port,
+            path=self.path,
+            query=self.query,
+            fragment=self.fragment,
+        )
+
+    def add_credentials(self, username, password):
+        """Add credentials as the userinfo portion of the URI.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_credentials('root', 's3crete')
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo='root:s3crete', host=None,
+                    port=None, path=None, query=None, fragment=None)
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_credentials('root', None)
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo='root', host=None,
+                    port=None, path=None, query=None, fragment=None)
+        """
+        if username is None:
+            raise ValueError("Username cannot be None")
+        userinfo = normalizers.normalize_username(username)
+
+        if password is not None:
+            userinfo = "{}:{}".format(
+                userinfo,
+                normalizers.normalize_password(password),
+            )
+
+        return URIBuilder(
+            scheme=self.scheme,
+            userinfo=userinfo,
+            host=self.host,
+            port=self.port,
+            path=self.path,
+            query=self.query,
+            fragment=self.fragment,
+        )
+
+    def add_host(self, host):
+        """Add hostname to the URI.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_host('google.com')
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host='google.com',
+                    port=None, path=None, query=None, fragment=None)
+
+        """
+        return URIBuilder(
+            scheme=self.scheme,
+            userinfo=self.userinfo,
+            host=normalizers.normalize_host(host),
+            port=self.port,
+            path=self.path,
+            query=self.query,
+            fragment=self.fragment,
+        )
+
+    def add_port(self, port):
+        """Add port to the URI.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_port(80)
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port='80',
+                    path=None, query=None, fragment=None)
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_port(443)
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port='443',
+                    path=None, query=None, fragment=None)
+
+        """
+        port_int = int(port)
+        if port_int < 0:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "ports are not allowed to be negative. You provided {}".format(
+                    port_int,
+                )
+            )
+        if port_int > 65535:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "ports are not allowed to be larger than 65535. "
+                "You provided {}".format(
+                    port_int,
+                )
+            )
+
+        return URIBuilder(
+            scheme=self.scheme,
+            userinfo=self.userinfo,
+            host=self.host,
+            port="{}".format(port_int),
+            path=self.path,
+            query=self.query,
+            fragment=self.fragment,
+        )
+
+    def add_path(self, path):
+        """Add a path to the URI.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_path('sigmavirus24/rfc3985')
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path='/sigmavirus24/rfc3986', query=None, fragment=None)
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_path('/checkout.php')
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path='/checkout.php', query=None, fragment=None)
+
+        """
+        if not path.startswith("/"):
+            path = "/{}".format(path)
+
+        return URIBuilder(
+            scheme=self.scheme,
+            userinfo=self.userinfo,
+            host=self.host,
+            port=self.port,
+            path=normalizers.normalize_path(path),
+            query=self.query,
+            fragment=self.fragment,
+        )
+
+    def extend_path(self, path):
+        """Extend the existing path value with the provided value.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.5.0
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder(path="/users").extend_path("/sigmavirus24")
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path='/users/sigmavirus24', query=None, fragment=None)
+
+            >>> URIBuilder(path="/users/").extend_path("/sigmavirus24")
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path='/users/sigmavirus24', query=None, fragment=None)
+
+            >>> URIBuilder(path="/users/").extend_path("sigmavirus24")
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path='/users/sigmavirus24', query=None, fragment=None)
+
+            >>> URIBuilder(path="/users").extend_path("sigmavirus24")
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path='/users/sigmavirus24', query=None, fragment=None)
+
+        """
+        existing_path = self.path or ""
+        path = "{}/{}".format(existing_path.rstrip("/"), path.lstrip("/"))
+
+        return self.add_path(path)
+
+    def add_query_from(self, query_items):
+        """Generate and add a query a dictionary or list of tuples.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_query_from({'a': 'b c'})
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path=None, query='a=b+c', fragment=None)
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_query_from([('a', 'b c')])
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path=None, query='a=b+c', fragment=None)
+
+        """
+        query = normalizers.normalize_query(compat.urlencode(query_items))
+
+        return URIBuilder(
+            scheme=self.scheme,
+            userinfo=self.userinfo,
+            host=self.host,
+            port=self.port,
+            path=self.path,
+            query=query,
+            fragment=self.fragment,
+        )
+
+    def extend_query_with(self, query_items):
+        """Extend the existing query string with the new query items.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.5.0
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder(query='a=b+c').extend_query_with({'a': 'b c'})
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path=None, query='a=b+c&a=b+c', fragment=None)
+
+            >>> URIBuilder(query='a=b+c').extend_query_with([('a', 'b c')])
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path=None, query='a=b+c&a=b+c', fragment=None)
+        """
+        original_query_items = compat.parse_qsl(self.query or "")
+        if not isinstance(query_items, list):
+            query_items = list(query_items.items())
+
+        return self.add_query_from(original_query_items + query_items)
+
+    def add_query(self, query):
+        """Add a pre-formated query string to the URI.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_query('a=b&c=d')
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path=None, query='a=b&c=d', fragment=None)
+
+        """
+        return URIBuilder(
+            scheme=self.scheme,
+            userinfo=self.userinfo,
+            host=self.host,
+            port=self.port,
+            path=self.path,
+            query=normalizers.normalize_query(query),
+            fragment=self.fragment,
+        )
+
+    def add_fragment(self, fragment):
+        """Add a fragment to the URI.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_fragment('section-2.6.1')
+            URIBuilder(scheme=None, userinfo=None, host=None, port=None,
+                    path=None, query=None, fragment='section-2.6.1')
+
+        """
+        return URIBuilder(
+            scheme=self.scheme,
+            userinfo=self.userinfo,
+            host=self.host,
+            port=self.port,
+            path=self.path,
+            query=self.query,
+            fragment=normalizers.normalize_fragment(fragment),
+        )
+
+    def finalize(self):
+        """Create a URIReference from our builder.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_scheme('https').add_host('github.com'
+            ...     ).add_path('sigmavirus24/rfc3986').finalize().unsplit()
+            'https://github.com/sigmavirus24/rfc3986'
+
+            >>> URIBuilder().add_scheme('https').add_host('github.com'
+            ...     ).add_path('sigmavirus24/rfc3986').add_credentials(
+            ...     'sigmavirus24', 'not-re@l').finalize().unsplit()
+            'https://sigmavirus24:not-re%40l@github.com/sigmavirus24/rfc3986'
+
+        """
+        return uri.URIReference(
+            self.scheme,
+            normalizers.normalize_authority(
+                (self.userinfo, self.host, self.port)
+            ),
+            self.path,
+            self.query,
+            self.fragment,
+        )
+
+    def geturl(self):
+        """Generate the URL from this builder.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.5.0
+
+        This is an alternative to calling :meth:`finalize` and keeping the
+        :class:`rfc3986.uri.URIReference` around.
+        """
+        return self.finalize().unsplit()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83e5c78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2014 Rackspace
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Compatibility module for Python 2 and 3 support."""
+import sys
+
+try:
+    from urllib.parse import quote as urlquote
+except ImportError:  # Python 2.x
+    from urllib import quote as urlquote
+
+try:
+    from urllib.parse import parse_qsl
+except ImportError:  # Python 2.x
+    from urlparse import parse_qsl
+
+try:
+    from urllib.parse import urlencode
+except ImportError:  # Python 2.x
+    from urllib import urlencode
+
+__all__ = (
+    "to_bytes",
+    "to_str",
+    "urlquote",
+    "urlencode",
+    "parse_qsl",
+)
+
+PY3 = (3, 0) <= sys.version_info < (4, 0)
+PY2 = (2, 6) <= sys.version_info < (2, 8)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    unicode = str  # Python 3.x
+
+
+def to_str(b, encoding="utf-8"):
+    """Ensure that b is text in the specified encoding."""
+    if hasattr(b, "decode") and not isinstance(b, unicode):
+        b = b.decode(encoding)
+    return b
+
+
+def to_bytes(s, encoding="utf-8"):
+    """Ensure that s is converted to bytes from the encoding."""
+    if hasattr(s, "encode") and not isinstance(s, bytes):
+        s = s.encode(encoding)
+    return s
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b117bc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""Exceptions module for rfc3986."""
+
+from . import compat
+
+
+class RFC3986Exception(Exception):
+    """Base class for all rfc3986 exception classes."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class InvalidAuthority(RFC3986Exception):
+    """Exception when the authority string is invalid."""
+
+    def __init__(self, authority):
+        """Initialize the exception with the invalid authority."""
+        super(InvalidAuthority, self).__init__(
+            u"The authority ({0}) is not valid.".format(
+                compat.to_str(authority)
+            )
+        )
+
+
+class InvalidPort(RFC3986Exception):
+    """Exception when the port is invalid."""
+
+    def __init__(self, port):
+        """Initialize the exception with the invalid port."""
+        super(InvalidPort, self).__init__(
+            'The port ("{0}") is not valid.'.format(port)
+        )
+
+
+class ResolutionError(RFC3986Exception):
+    """Exception to indicate a failure to resolve a URI."""
+
+    def __init__(self, uri):
+        """Initialize the error with the failed URI."""
+        super(ResolutionError, self).__init__(
+            "{0} is not an absolute URI.".format(uri.unsplit())
+        )
+
+
+class ValidationError(RFC3986Exception):
+    """Exception raised during Validation of a URI."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class MissingComponentError(ValidationError):
+    """Exception raised when a required component is missing."""
+
+    def __init__(self, uri, *component_names):
+        """Initialize the error with the missing component name."""
+        verb = "was"
+        if len(component_names) > 1:
+            verb = "were"
+
+        self.uri = uri
+        self.components = sorted(component_names)
+        components = ", ".join(self.components)
+        super(MissingComponentError, self).__init__(
+            "{} {} required but missing".format(components, verb),
+            uri,
+            self.components,
+        )
+
+
+class UnpermittedComponentError(ValidationError):
+    """Exception raised when a component has an unpermitted value."""
+
+    def __init__(self, component_name, component_value, allowed_values):
+        """Initialize the error with the unpermitted component."""
+        super(UnpermittedComponentError, self).__init__(
+            "{} was required to be one of {!r} but was {!r}".format(
+                component_name,
+                list(sorted(allowed_values)),
+                component_value,
+            ),
+            component_name,
+            component_value,
+            allowed_values,
+        )
+        self.component_name = component_name
+        self.component_value = component_value
+        self.allowed_values = allowed_values
+
+
+class PasswordForbidden(ValidationError):
+    """Exception raised when a URL has a password in the userinfo section."""
+
+    def __init__(self, uri):
+        """Initialize the error with the URI that failed validation."""
+        unsplit = getattr(uri, "unsplit", lambda: uri)
+        super(PasswordForbidden, self).__init__(
+            '"{}" contained a password when validation forbade it'.format(
+                unsplit()
+            )
+        )
+        self.uri = uri
+
+
+class InvalidComponentsError(ValidationError):
+    """Exception raised when one or more components are invalid."""
+
+    def __init__(self, uri, *component_names):
+        """Initialize the error with the invalid component name(s)."""
+        verb = "was"
+        if len(component_names) > 1:
+            verb = "were"
+
+        self.uri = uri
+        self.components = sorted(component_names)
+        components = ", ".join(self.components)
+        super(InvalidComponentsError, self).__init__(
+            "{} {} found to be invalid".format(components, verb),
+            uri,
+            self.components,
+        )
+
+
+class MissingDependencyError(RFC3986Exception):
+    """Exception raised when an IRI is encoded without the 'idna' module."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/iri.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/iri.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..540aa7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/iri.py
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+"""Module containing the implementation of the IRIReference class."""
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2014 Rackspace
+# Copyright (c) 2015 Ian Stapleton Cordasco
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from . import compat
+from . import exceptions
+from . import misc
+from . import normalizers
+from . import uri
+
+
+try:
+    import idna
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    idna = None
+
+
+class IRIReference(
+    namedtuple("IRIReference", misc.URI_COMPONENTS), uri.URIMixin
+):
+    """Immutable object representing a parsed IRI Reference.
+
+    Can be encoded into an URIReference object via the procedure
+    specified in RFC 3987 Section 3.1
+
+     .. note::
+        The IRI submodule is a new interface and may possibly change in
+        the future. Check for changes to the interface when upgrading.
+    """
+
+    slots = ()
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls, scheme, authority, path, query, fragment, encoding="utf-8"
+    ):
+        """Create a new IRIReference."""
+        ref = super(IRIReference, cls).__new__(
+            cls,
+            scheme or None,
+            authority or None,
+            path or None,
+            query,
+            fragment,
+        )
+        ref.encoding = encoding
+        return ref
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """Compare this reference to another."""
+        other_ref = other
+        if isinstance(other, tuple):
+            other_ref = self.__class__(*other)
+        elif not isinstance(other, IRIReference):
+            try:
+                other_ref = self.__class__.from_string(other)
+            except TypeError:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "Unable to compare {0}() to {1}()".format(
+                        type(self).__name__, type(other).__name__
+                    )
+                )
+
+        # See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-6.2
+        return tuple(self) == tuple(other_ref)
+
+    def _match_subauthority(self):
+        return misc.ISUBAUTHORITY_MATCHER.match(self.authority)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_string(cls, iri_string, encoding="utf-8"):
+        """Parse a IRI reference from the given unicode IRI string.
+
+        :param str iri_string: Unicode IRI to be parsed into a reference.
+        :param str encoding: The encoding of the string provided
+        :returns: :class:`IRIReference` or subclass thereof
+        """
+        iri_string = compat.to_str(iri_string, encoding)
+
+        split_iri = misc.IRI_MATCHER.match(iri_string).groupdict()
+        return cls(
+            split_iri["scheme"],
+            split_iri["authority"],
+            normalizers.encode_component(split_iri["path"], encoding),
+            normalizers.encode_component(split_iri["query"], encoding),
+            normalizers.encode_component(split_iri["fragment"], encoding),
+            encoding,
+        )
+
+    def encode(self, idna_encoder=None):  # noqa: C901
+        """Encode an IRIReference into a URIReference instance.
+
+        If the ``idna`` module is installed or the ``rfc3986[idna]``
+        extra is used then unicode characters in the IRI host
+        component will be encoded with IDNA2008.
+
+        :param idna_encoder:
+            Function that encodes each part of the host component
+            If not given will raise an exception if the IRI
+            contains a host component.
+        :rtype: uri.URIReference
+        :returns: A URI reference
+        """
+        authority = self.authority
+        if authority:
+            if idna_encoder is None:
+                if idna is None:  # pragma: no cover
+                    raise exceptions.MissingDependencyError(
+                        "Could not import the 'idna' module "
+                        "and the IRI hostname requires encoding"
+                    )
+
+                def idna_encoder(name):
+                    if any(ord(c) > 128 for c in name):
+                        try:
+                            return idna.encode(
+                                name.lower(), strict=True, std3_rules=True
+                            )
+                        except idna.IDNAError:
+                            raise exceptions.InvalidAuthority(self.authority)
+                    return name
+
+            authority = ""
+            if self.host:
+                authority = ".".join(
+                    [
+                        compat.to_str(idna_encoder(part))
+                        for part in self.host.split(".")
+                    ]
+                )
+
+            if self.userinfo is not None:
+                authority = (
+                    normalizers.encode_component(self.userinfo, self.encoding)
+                    + "@"
+                    + authority
+                )
+
+            if self.port is not None:
+                authority += ":" + str(self.port)
+
+        return uri.URIReference(
+            self.scheme,
+            authority,
+            path=self.path,
+            query=self.query,
+            fragment=self.fragment,
+            encoding=self.encoding,
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/misc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/misc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..338b187
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/misc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2014 Rackspace
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""
+Module containing compiled regular expressions and constants.
+
+This module contains important constants, patterns, and compiled regular
+expressions for parsing and validating URIs and their components.
+"""
+
+import re
+
+from . import abnf_regexp
+
+# These are enumerated for the named tuple used as a superclass of
+# URIReference
+URI_COMPONENTS = ["scheme", "authority", "path", "query", "fragment"]
+
+important_characters = {
+    "generic_delimiters": abnf_regexp.GENERIC_DELIMITERS,
+    "sub_delimiters": abnf_regexp.SUB_DELIMITERS,
+    # We need to escape the '*' in this case
+    "re_sub_delimiters": abnf_regexp.SUB_DELIMITERS_RE,
+    "unreserved_chars": abnf_regexp.UNRESERVED_CHARS,
+    # We need to escape the '-' in this case:
+    "re_unreserved": abnf_regexp.UNRESERVED_RE,
+}
+
+# For details about delimiters and reserved characters, see:
+# http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.2
+GENERIC_DELIMITERS = abnf_regexp.GENERIC_DELIMITERS_SET
+SUB_DELIMITERS = abnf_regexp.SUB_DELIMITERS_SET
+RESERVED_CHARS = abnf_regexp.RESERVED_CHARS_SET
+# For details about unreserved characters, see:
+# http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.3
+UNRESERVED_CHARS = abnf_regexp.UNRESERVED_CHARS_SET
+NON_PCT_ENCODED = abnf_regexp.NON_PCT_ENCODED_SET
+
+URI_MATCHER = re.compile(abnf_regexp.URL_PARSING_RE)
+
+SUBAUTHORITY_MATCHER = re.compile(
+    (
+        "^(?:(?P<userinfo>{0})@)?"  # userinfo
+        "(?P<host>{1})"  # host
+        ":?(?P<port>{2})?$"  # port
+    ).format(
+        abnf_regexp.USERINFO_RE, abnf_regexp.HOST_PATTERN, abnf_regexp.PORT_RE
+    )
+)
+
+
+HOST_MATCHER = re.compile("^" + abnf_regexp.HOST_RE + "$")
+IPv4_MATCHER = re.compile("^" + abnf_regexp.IPv4_RE + "$")
+IPv6_MATCHER = re.compile(r"^\[" + abnf_regexp.IPv6_ADDRZ_RFC4007_RE + r"\]$")
+
+# Used by host validator
+IPv6_NO_RFC4007_MATCHER = re.compile(
+    r"^\[%s\]$" % (abnf_regexp.IPv6_ADDRZ_RE)
+)
+
+# Matcher used to validate path components
+PATH_MATCHER = re.compile(abnf_regexp.PATH_RE)
+
+
+# ##################################
+# Query and Fragment Matcher Section
+# ##################################
+
+QUERY_MATCHER = re.compile(abnf_regexp.QUERY_RE)
+
+FRAGMENT_MATCHER = QUERY_MATCHER
+
+# Scheme validation, see: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.1
+SCHEME_MATCHER = re.compile("^{0}$".format(abnf_regexp.SCHEME_RE))
+
+RELATIVE_REF_MATCHER = re.compile(
+    r"^%s(\?%s)?(#%s)?$"
+    % (
+        abnf_regexp.RELATIVE_PART_RE,
+        abnf_regexp.QUERY_RE,
+        abnf_regexp.FRAGMENT_RE,
+    )
+)
+
+# See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.3
+ABSOLUTE_URI_MATCHER = re.compile(
+    r"^%s:%s(\?%s)?$"
+    % (
+        abnf_regexp.COMPONENT_PATTERN_DICT["scheme"],
+        abnf_regexp.HIER_PART_RE,
+        abnf_regexp.QUERY_RE[1:-1],
+    )
+)
+
+# ###############
+# IRIs / RFC 3987
+# ###############
+
+IRI_MATCHER = re.compile(abnf_regexp.URL_PARSING_RE, re.UNICODE)
+
+ISUBAUTHORITY_MATCHER = re.compile(
+    (
+        u"^(?:(?P<userinfo>{0})@)?"  # iuserinfo
+        u"(?P<host>{1})"  # ihost
+        u":?(?P<port>{2})?$"  # port
+    ).format(
+        abnf_regexp.IUSERINFO_RE, abnf_regexp.IHOST_RE, abnf_regexp.PORT_RE
+    ),
+    re.UNICODE,
+)
+
+
+# Path merger as defined in http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.2.3
+def merge_paths(base_uri, relative_path):
+    """Merge a base URI's path with a relative URI's path."""
+    if base_uri.path is None and base_uri.authority is not None:
+        return "/" + relative_path
+    else:
+        path = base_uri.path or ""
+        index = path.rfind("/")
+        return path[:index] + "/" + relative_path
+
+
+UseExisting = object()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/normalizers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/normalizers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d702b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/normalizers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2014 Rackspace
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Module with functions to normalize components."""
+import re
+
+from . import compat
+from . import misc
+
+
+def normalize_scheme(scheme):
+    """Normalize the scheme component."""
+    return scheme.lower()
+
+
+def normalize_authority(authority):
+    """Normalize an authority tuple to a string."""
+    userinfo, host, port = authority
+    result = ""
+    if userinfo:
+        result += normalize_percent_characters(userinfo) + "@"
+    if host:
+        result += normalize_host(host)
+    if port:
+        result += ":" + port
+    return result
+
+
+def normalize_username(username):
+    """Normalize a username to make it safe to include in userinfo."""
+    return compat.urlquote(username)
+
+
+def normalize_password(password):
+    """Normalize a password to make safe for userinfo."""
+    return compat.urlquote(password)
+
+
+def normalize_host(host):
+    """Normalize a host string."""
+    if misc.IPv6_MATCHER.match(host):
+        percent = host.find("%")
+        if percent != -1:
+            percent_25 = host.find("%25")
+
+            # Replace RFC 4007 IPv6 Zone ID delimiter '%' with '%25'
+            # from RFC 6874. If the host is '[<IPv6 addr>%25]' then we
+            # assume RFC 4007 and normalize to '[<IPV6 addr>%2525]'
+            if (
+                percent_25 == -1
+                or percent < percent_25
+                or (percent == percent_25 and percent_25 == len(host) - 4)
+            ):
+                host = host.replace("%", "%25", 1)
+
+            # Don't normalize the casing of the Zone ID
+            return host[:percent].lower() + host[percent:]
+
+    return host.lower()
+
+
+def normalize_path(path):
+    """Normalize the path string."""
+    if not path:
+        return path
+
+    path = normalize_percent_characters(path)
+    return remove_dot_segments(path)
+
+
+def normalize_query(query):
+    """Normalize the query string."""
+    if not query:
+        return query
+    return normalize_percent_characters(query)
+
+
+def normalize_fragment(fragment):
+    """Normalize the fragment string."""
+    if not fragment:
+        return fragment
+    return normalize_percent_characters(fragment)
+
+
+PERCENT_MATCHER = re.compile("%[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}")
+
+
+def normalize_percent_characters(s):
+    """All percent characters should be upper-cased.
+
+    For example, ``"%3afoo%DF%ab"`` should be turned into ``"%3Afoo%DF%AB"``.
+    """
+    matches = set(PERCENT_MATCHER.findall(s))
+    for m in matches:
+        if not m.isupper():
+            s = s.replace(m, m.upper())
+    return s
+
+
+def remove_dot_segments(s):
+    """Remove dot segments from the string.
+
+    See also Section 5.2.4 of :rfc:`3986`.
+    """
+    # See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.2.4 for pseudo-code
+    segments = s.split("/")  # Turn the path into a list of segments
+    output = []  # Initialize the variable to use to store output
+
+    for segment in segments:
+        # '.' is the current directory, so ignore it, it is superfluous
+        if segment == ".":
+            continue
+        # Anything other than '..', should be appended to the output
+        elif segment != "..":
+            output.append(segment)
+        # In this case segment == '..', if we can, we should pop the last
+        # element
+        elif output:
+            output.pop()
+
+    # If the path starts with '/' and the output is empty or the first string
+    # is non-empty
+    if s.startswith("/") and (not output or output[0]):
+        output.insert(0, "")
+
+    # If the path starts with '/.' or '/..' ensure we add one more empty
+    # string to add a trailing '/'
+    if s.endswith(("/.", "/..")):
+        output.append("")
+
+    return "/".join(output)
+
+
+def encode_component(uri_component, encoding):
+    """Encode the specific component in the provided encoding."""
+    if uri_component is None:
+        return uri_component
+
+    # Try to see if the component we're encoding is already percent-encoded
+    # so we can skip all '%' characters but still encode all others.
+    percent_encodings = len(
+        PERCENT_MATCHER.findall(compat.to_str(uri_component, encoding))
+    )
+
+    uri_bytes = compat.to_bytes(uri_component, encoding)
+    is_percent_encoded = percent_encodings == uri_bytes.count(b"%")
+
+    encoded_uri = bytearray()
+
+    for i in range(0, len(uri_bytes)):
+        # Will return a single character bytestring on both Python 2 & 3
+        byte = uri_bytes[i : i + 1]
+        byte_ord = ord(byte)
+        if (is_percent_encoded and byte == b"%") or (
+            byte_ord < 128 and byte.decode() in misc.NON_PCT_ENCODED
+        ):
+            encoded_uri.extend(byte)
+            continue
+        encoded_uri.extend("%{0:02x}".format(byte_ord).encode().upper())
+
+    return encoded_uri.decode(encoding)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/parseresult.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/parseresult.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8887e8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/parseresult.py
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2015 Ian Stapleton Cordasco
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Module containing the urlparse compatibility logic."""
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from . import compat
+from . import exceptions
+from . import misc
+from . import normalizers
+from . import uri
+
+__all__ = ("ParseResult", "ParseResultBytes")
+
+PARSED_COMPONENTS = (
+    "scheme",
+    "userinfo",
+    "host",
+    "port",
+    "path",
+    "query",
+    "fragment",
+)
+
+
+class ParseResultMixin(object):
+    def _generate_authority(self, attributes):
+        # I swear I did not align the comparisons below. That's just how they
+        # happened to align based on pep8 and attribute lengths.
+        userinfo, host, port = (
+            attributes[p] for p in ("userinfo", "host", "port")
+        )
+        if (
+            self.userinfo != userinfo
+            or self.host != host
+            or self.port != port
+        ):
+            if port:
+                port = "{0}".format(port)
+            return normalizers.normalize_authority(
+                (
+                    compat.to_str(userinfo, self.encoding),
+                    compat.to_str(host, self.encoding),
+                    port,
+                )
+            )
+        if isinstance(self.authority, bytes):
+            return self.authority.decode("utf-8")
+        return self.authority
+
+    def geturl(self):
+        """Shim to match the standard library method."""
+        return self.unsplit()
+
+    @property
+    def hostname(self):
+        """Shim to match the standard library."""
+        return self.host
+
+    @property
+    def netloc(self):
+        """Shim to match the standard library."""
+        return self.authority
+
+    @property
+    def params(self):
+        """Shim to match the standard library."""
+        return self.query
+
+
+class ParseResult(
+    namedtuple("ParseResult", PARSED_COMPONENTS), ParseResultMixin
+):
+    """Implementation of urlparse compatibility class.
+
+    This uses the URIReference logic to handle compatibility with the
+    urlparse.ParseResult class.
+    """
+
+    slots = ()
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        scheme,
+        userinfo,
+        host,
+        port,
+        path,
+        query,
+        fragment,
+        uri_ref,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    ):
+        """Create a new ParseResult."""
+        parse_result = super(ParseResult, cls).__new__(
+            cls,
+            scheme or None,
+            userinfo or None,
+            host,
+            port or None,
+            path or None,
+            query,
+            fragment,
+        )
+        parse_result.encoding = encoding
+        parse_result.reference = uri_ref
+        return parse_result
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_parts(
+        cls,
+        scheme=None,
+        userinfo=None,
+        host=None,
+        port=None,
+        path=None,
+        query=None,
+        fragment=None,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    ):
+        """Create a ParseResult instance from its parts."""
+        authority = ""
+        if userinfo is not None:
+            authority += userinfo + "@"
+        if host is not None:
+            authority += host
+        if port is not None:
+            authority += ":{0}".format(port)
+        uri_ref = uri.URIReference(
+            scheme=scheme,
+            authority=authority,
+            path=path,
+            query=query,
+            fragment=fragment,
+            encoding=encoding,
+        ).normalize()
+        userinfo, host, port = authority_from(uri_ref, strict=True)
+        return cls(
+            scheme=uri_ref.scheme,
+            userinfo=userinfo,
+            host=host,
+            port=port,
+            path=uri_ref.path,
+            query=uri_ref.query,
+            fragment=uri_ref.fragment,
+            uri_ref=uri_ref,
+            encoding=encoding,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_string(
+        cls, uri_string, encoding="utf-8", strict=True, lazy_normalize=True
+    ):
+        """Parse a URI from the given unicode URI string.
+
+        :param str uri_string: Unicode URI to be parsed into a reference.
+        :param str encoding: The encoding of the string provided
+        :param bool strict: Parse strictly according to :rfc:`3986` if True.
+            If False, parse similarly to the standard library's urlparse
+            function.
+        :returns: :class:`ParseResult` or subclass thereof
+        """
+        reference = uri.URIReference.from_string(uri_string, encoding)
+        if not lazy_normalize:
+            reference = reference.normalize()
+        userinfo, host, port = authority_from(reference, strict)
+
+        return cls(
+            scheme=reference.scheme,
+            userinfo=userinfo,
+            host=host,
+            port=port,
+            path=reference.path,
+            query=reference.query,
+            fragment=reference.fragment,
+            uri_ref=reference,
+            encoding=encoding,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def authority(self):
+        """Return the normalized authority."""
+        return self.reference.authority
+
+    def copy_with(
+        self,
+        scheme=misc.UseExisting,
+        userinfo=misc.UseExisting,
+        host=misc.UseExisting,
+        port=misc.UseExisting,
+        path=misc.UseExisting,
+        query=misc.UseExisting,
+        fragment=misc.UseExisting,
+    ):
+        """Create a copy of this instance replacing with specified parts."""
+        attributes = zip(
+            PARSED_COMPONENTS,
+            (scheme, userinfo, host, port, path, query, fragment),
+        )
+        attrs_dict = {}
+        for name, value in attributes:
+            if value is misc.UseExisting:
+                value = getattr(self, name)
+            attrs_dict[name] = value
+        authority = self._generate_authority(attrs_dict)
+        ref = self.reference.copy_with(
+            scheme=attrs_dict["scheme"],
+            authority=authority,
+            path=attrs_dict["path"],
+            query=attrs_dict["query"],
+            fragment=attrs_dict["fragment"],
+        )
+        return ParseResult(uri_ref=ref, encoding=self.encoding, **attrs_dict)
+
+    def encode(self, encoding=None):
+        """Convert to an instance of ParseResultBytes."""
+        encoding = encoding or self.encoding
+        attrs = dict(
+            zip(
+                PARSED_COMPONENTS,
+                (
+                    attr.encode(encoding) if hasattr(attr, "encode") else attr
+                    for attr in self
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+        return ParseResultBytes(
+            uri_ref=self.reference, encoding=encoding, **attrs
+        )
+
+    def unsplit(self, use_idna=False):
+        """Create a URI string from the components.
+
+        :returns: The parsed URI reconstituted as a string.
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        parse_result = self
+        if use_idna and self.host:
+            hostbytes = self.host.encode("idna")
+            host = hostbytes.decode(self.encoding)
+            parse_result = self.copy_with(host=host)
+        return parse_result.reference.unsplit()
+
+
+class ParseResultBytes(
+    namedtuple("ParseResultBytes", PARSED_COMPONENTS), ParseResultMixin
+):
+    """Compatibility shim for the urlparse.ParseResultBytes object."""
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        scheme,
+        userinfo,
+        host,
+        port,
+        path,
+        query,
+        fragment,
+        uri_ref,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+        lazy_normalize=True,
+    ):
+        """Create a new ParseResultBytes instance."""
+        parse_result = super(ParseResultBytes, cls).__new__(
+            cls,
+            scheme or None,
+            userinfo or None,
+            host,
+            port or None,
+            path or None,
+            query or None,
+            fragment or None,
+        )
+        parse_result.encoding = encoding
+        parse_result.reference = uri_ref
+        parse_result.lazy_normalize = lazy_normalize
+        return parse_result
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_parts(
+        cls,
+        scheme=None,
+        userinfo=None,
+        host=None,
+        port=None,
+        path=None,
+        query=None,
+        fragment=None,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+        lazy_normalize=True,
+    ):
+        """Create a ParseResult instance from its parts."""
+        authority = ""
+        if userinfo is not None:
+            authority += userinfo + "@"
+        if host is not None:
+            authority += host
+        if port is not None:
+            authority += ":{0}".format(int(port))
+        uri_ref = uri.URIReference(
+            scheme=scheme,
+            authority=authority,
+            path=path,
+            query=query,
+            fragment=fragment,
+            encoding=encoding,
+        )
+        if not lazy_normalize:
+            uri_ref = uri_ref.normalize()
+        to_bytes = compat.to_bytes
+        userinfo, host, port = authority_from(uri_ref, strict=True)
+        return cls(
+            scheme=to_bytes(scheme, encoding),
+            userinfo=to_bytes(userinfo, encoding),
+            host=to_bytes(host, encoding),
+            port=port,
+            path=to_bytes(path, encoding),
+            query=to_bytes(query, encoding),
+            fragment=to_bytes(fragment, encoding),
+            uri_ref=uri_ref,
+            encoding=encoding,
+            lazy_normalize=lazy_normalize,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_string(
+        cls, uri_string, encoding="utf-8", strict=True, lazy_normalize=True
+    ):
+        """Parse a URI from the given unicode URI string.
+
+        :param str uri_string: Unicode URI to be parsed into a reference.
+        :param str encoding: The encoding of the string provided
+        :param bool strict: Parse strictly according to :rfc:`3986` if True.
+            If False, parse similarly to the standard library's urlparse
+            function.
+        :returns: :class:`ParseResultBytes` or subclass thereof
+        """
+        reference = uri.URIReference.from_string(uri_string, encoding)
+        if not lazy_normalize:
+            reference = reference.normalize()
+        userinfo, host, port = authority_from(reference, strict)
+
+        to_bytes = compat.to_bytes
+        return cls(
+            scheme=to_bytes(reference.scheme, encoding),
+            userinfo=to_bytes(userinfo, encoding),
+            host=to_bytes(host, encoding),
+            port=port,
+            path=to_bytes(reference.path, encoding),
+            query=to_bytes(reference.query, encoding),
+            fragment=to_bytes(reference.fragment, encoding),
+            uri_ref=reference,
+            encoding=encoding,
+            lazy_normalize=lazy_normalize,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def authority(self):
+        """Return the normalized authority."""
+        return self.reference.authority.encode(self.encoding)
+
+    def copy_with(
+        self,
+        scheme=misc.UseExisting,
+        userinfo=misc.UseExisting,
+        host=misc.UseExisting,
+        port=misc.UseExisting,
+        path=misc.UseExisting,
+        query=misc.UseExisting,
+        fragment=misc.UseExisting,
+        lazy_normalize=True,
+    ):
+        """Create a copy of this instance replacing with specified parts."""
+        attributes = zip(
+            PARSED_COMPONENTS,
+            (scheme, userinfo, host, port, path, query, fragment),
+        )
+        attrs_dict = {}
+        for name, value in attributes:
+            if value is misc.UseExisting:
+                value = getattr(self, name)
+            if not isinstance(value, bytes) and hasattr(value, "encode"):
+                value = value.encode(self.encoding)
+            attrs_dict[name] = value
+        authority = self._generate_authority(attrs_dict)
+        to_str = compat.to_str
+        ref = self.reference.copy_with(
+            scheme=to_str(attrs_dict["scheme"], self.encoding),
+            authority=to_str(authority, self.encoding),
+            path=to_str(attrs_dict["path"], self.encoding),
+            query=to_str(attrs_dict["query"], self.encoding),
+            fragment=to_str(attrs_dict["fragment"], self.encoding),
+        )
+        if not lazy_normalize:
+            ref = ref.normalize()
+        return ParseResultBytes(
+            uri_ref=ref,
+            encoding=self.encoding,
+            lazy_normalize=lazy_normalize,
+            **attrs_dict
+        )
+
+    def unsplit(self, use_idna=False):
+        """Create a URI bytes object from the components.
+
+        :returns: The parsed URI reconstituted as a string.
+        :rtype: bytes
+        """
+        parse_result = self
+        if use_idna and self.host:
+            # self.host is bytes, to encode to idna, we need to decode it
+            # first
+            host = self.host.decode(self.encoding)
+            hostbytes = host.encode("idna")
+            parse_result = self.copy_with(host=hostbytes)
+        if self.lazy_normalize:
+            parse_result = parse_result.copy_with(lazy_normalize=False)
+        uri = parse_result.reference.unsplit()
+        return uri.encode(self.encoding)
+
+
+def split_authority(authority):
+    # Initialize our expected return values
+    userinfo = host = port = None
+    # Initialize an extra var we may need to use
+    extra_host = None
+    # Set-up rest in case there is no userinfo portion
+    rest = authority
+
+    if "@" in authority:
+        userinfo, rest = authority.rsplit("@", 1)
+
+    # Handle IPv6 host addresses
+    if rest.startswith("["):
+        host, rest = rest.split("]", 1)
+        host += "]"
+
+    if ":" in rest:
+        extra_host, port = rest.split(":", 1)
+    elif not host and rest:
+        host = rest
+
+    if extra_host and not host:
+        host = extra_host
+
+    return userinfo, host, port
+
+
+def authority_from(reference, strict):
+    try:
+        subauthority = reference.authority_info()
+    except exceptions.InvalidAuthority:
+        if strict:
+            raise
+        userinfo, host, port = split_authority(reference.authority)
+    else:
+        # Thanks to Richard Barrell for this idea:
+        # https://twitter.com/0x2ba22e11/status/617338811975139328
+        userinfo, host, port = (
+            subauthority.get(p) for p in ("userinfo", "host", "port")
+        )
+
+    if port:
+        try:
+            port = int(port)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise exceptions.InvalidPort(port)
+    return userinfo, host, port
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/uri.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/uri.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75c617d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/uri.py
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+"""Module containing the implementation of the URIReference class."""
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2014 Rackspace
+# Copyright (c) 2015 Ian Stapleton Cordasco
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from . import compat
+from . import misc
+from . import normalizers
+from ._mixin import URIMixin
+
+
+class URIReference(namedtuple("URIReference", misc.URI_COMPONENTS), URIMixin):
+    """Immutable object representing a parsed URI Reference.
+
+    .. note::
+
+        This class is not intended to be directly instantiated by the user.
+
+    This object exposes attributes for the following components of a
+    URI:
+
+    - scheme
+    - authority
+    - path
+    - query
+    - fragment
+
+    .. attribute:: scheme
+
+        The scheme that was parsed for the URI Reference. For example,
+        ``http``, ``https``, ``smtp``, ``imap``, etc.
+
+    .. attribute:: authority
+
+        Component of the URI that contains the user information, host,
+        and port sub-components. For example,
+        ``google.com``, ``127.0.0.1:5000``, ``username@[::1]``,
+        ``username:password@example.com:443``, etc.
+
+    .. attribute:: path
+
+        The path that was parsed for the given URI Reference. For example,
+        ``/``, ``/index.php``, etc.
+
+    .. attribute:: query
+
+        The query component for a given URI Reference. For example, ``a=b``,
+        ``a=b%20c``, ``a=b+c``, ``a=b,c=d,e=%20f``, etc.
+
+    .. attribute:: fragment
+
+        The fragment component of a URI. For example, ``section-3.1``.
+
+    This class also provides extra attributes for easier access to information
+    like the subcomponents of the authority component.
+
+    .. attribute:: userinfo
+
+        The user information parsed from the authority.
+
+    .. attribute:: host
+
+        The hostname, IPv4, or IPv6 address parsed from the authority.
+
+    .. attribute:: port
+
+        The port parsed from the authority.
+    """
+
+    slots = ()
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls, scheme, authority, path, query, fragment, encoding="utf-8"
+    ):
+        """Create a new URIReference."""
+        ref = super(URIReference, cls).__new__(
+            cls,
+            scheme or None,
+            authority or None,
+            path or None,
+            query,
+            fragment,
+        )
+        ref.encoding = encoding
+        return ref
+
+    __hash__ = tuple.__hash__
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """Compare this reference to another."""
+        other_ref = other
+        if isinstance(other, tuple):
+            other_ref = URIReference(*other)
+        elif not isinstance(other, URIReference):
+            try:
+                other_ref = URIReference.from_string(other)
+            except TypeError:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "Unable to compare URIReference() to {0}()".format(
+                        type(other).__name__
+                    )
+                )
+
+        # See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-6.2
+        naive_equality = tuple(self) == tuple(other_ref)
+        return naive_equality or self.normalized_equality(other_ref)
+
+    def normalize(self):
+        """Normalize this reference as described in Section 6.2.2.
+
+        This is not an in-place normalization. Instead this creates a new
+        URIReference.
+
+        :returns: A new reference object with normalized components.
+        :rtype: URIReference
+        """
+        # See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-6.2.2 for logic in
+        # this method.
+        return URIReference(
+            normalizers.normalize_scheme(self.scheme or ""),
+            normalizers.normalize_authority(
+                (self.userinfo, self.host, self.port)
+            ),
+            normalizers.normalize_path(self.path or ""),
+            normalizers.normalize_query(self.query),
+            normalizers.normalize_fragment(self.fragment),
+            self.encoding,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_string(cls, uri_string, encoding="utf-8"):
+        """Parse a URI reference from the given unicode URI string.
+
+        :param str uri_string: Unicode URI to be parsed into a reference.
+        :param str encoding: The encoding of the string provided
+        :returns: :class:`URIReference` or subclass thereof
+        """
+        uri_string = compat.to_str(uri_string, encoding)
+
+        split_uri = misc.URI_MATCHER.match(uri_string).groupdict()
+        return cls(
+            split_uri["scheme"],
+            split_uri["authority"],
+            normalizers.encode_component(split_uri["path"], encoding),
+            normalizers.encode_component(split_uri["query"], encoding),
+            normalizers.encode_component(split_uri["fragment"], encoding),
+            encoding,
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/validators.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/validators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f375248
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rfc3986/validators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2017 Ian Stapleton Cordasco
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Module containing the validation logic for rfc3986."""
+from . import exceptions
+from . import misc
+from . import normalizers
+
+
+class Validator(object):
+    """Object used to configure validation of all objects in rfc3986.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+
+    Example usage::
+
+         >>> from rfc3986 import api, validators
+         >>> uri = api.uri_reference('https://github.com/')
+         >>> validator = validators.Validator().require_presence_of(
+         ...    'scheme', 'host', 'path',
+         ... ).allow_schemes(
+         ...    'http', 'https',
+         ... ).allow_hosts(
+         ...    '127.0.0.1', 'github.com',
+         ... )
+         >>> validator.validate(uri)
+         >>> invalid_uri = rfc3986.uri_reference('imap://mail.google.com')
+         >>> validator.validate(invalid_uri)
+         Traceback (most recent call last):
+         ...
+         rfc3986.exceptions.MissingComponentError: ('path was required but
+         missing', URIReference(scheme=u'imap', authority=u'mail.google.com',
+         path=None, query=None, fragment=None), ['path'])
+
+    """
+
+    COMPONENT_NAMES = frozenset(
+        ["scheme", "userinfo", "host", "port", "path", "query", "fragment"]
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        """Initialize our default validations."""
+        self.allowed_schemes = set()
+        self.allowed_hosts = set()
+        self.allowed_ports = set()
+        self.allow_password = True
+        self.required_components = {
+            "scheme": False,
+            "userinfo": False,
+            "host": False,
+            "port": False,
+            "path": False,
+            "query": False,
+            "fragment": False,
+        }
+        self.validated_components = self.required_components.copy()
+
+    def allow_schemes(self, *schemes):
+        """Require the scheme to be one of the provided schemes.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+
+        :param schemes:
+            Schemes, without ``://`` that are allowed.
+        :returns:
+            The validator instance.
+        :rtype:
+            Validator
+        """
+        for scheme in schemes:
+            self.allowed_schemes.add(normalizers.normalize_scheme(scheme))
+        return self
+
+    def allow_hosts(self, *hosts):
+        """Require the host to be one of the provided hosts.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+
+        :param hosts:
+            Hosts that are allowed.
+        :returns:
+            The validator instance.
+        :rtype:
+            Validator
+        """
+        for host in hosts:
+            self.allowed_hosts.add(normalizers.normalize_host(host))
+        return self
+
+    def allow_ports(self, *ports):
+        """Require the port to be one of the provided ports.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+
+        :param ports:
+            Ports that are allowed.
+        :returns:
+            The validator instance.
+        :rtype:
+            Validator
+        """
+        for port in ports:
+            port_int = int(port, base=10)
+            if 0 <= port_int <= 65535:
+                self.allowed_ports.add(port)
+        return self
+
+    def allow_use_of_password(self):
+        """Allow passwords to be present in the URI.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+
+        :returns:
+            The validator instance.
+        :rtype:
+            Validator
+        """
+        self.allow_password = True
+        return self
+
+    def forbid_use_of_password(self):
+        """Prevent passwords from being included in the URI.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+
+        :returns:
+            The validator instance.
+        :rtype:
+            Validator
+        """
+        self.allow_password = False
+        return self
+
+    def check_validity_of(self, *components):
+        """Check the validity of the components provided.
+
+        This can be specified repeatedly.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.1
+
+        :param components:
+            Names of components from :attr:`Validator.COMPONENT_NAMES`.
+        :returns:
+            The validator instance.
+        :rtype:
+            Validator
+        """
+        components = [c.lower() for c in components]
+        for component in components:
+            if component not in self.COMPONENT_NAMES:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    '"{}" is not a valid component'.format(component)
+                )
+        self.validated_components.update(
+            {component: True for component in components}
+        )
+        return self
+
+    def require_presence_of(self, *components):
+        """Require the components provided.
+
+        This can be specified repeatedly.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+
+        :param components:
+            Names of components from :attr:`Validator.COMPONENT_NAMES`.
+        :returns:
+            The validator instance.
+        :rtype:
+            Validator
+        """
+        components = [c.lower() for c in components]
+        for component in components:
+            if component not in self.COMPONENT_NAMES:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    '"{}" is not a valid component'.format(component)
+                )
+        self.required_components.update(
+            {component: True for component in components}
+        )
+        return self
+
+    def validate(self, uri):
+        """Check a URI for conditions specified on this validator.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+
+        :param uri:
+            Parsed URI to validate.
+        :type uri:
+            rfc3986.uri.URIReference
+        :raises MissingComponentError:
+            When a required component is missing.
+        :raises UnpermittedComponentError:
+            When a component is not one of those allowed.
+        :raises PasswordForbidden:
+            When a password is present in the userinfo component but is
+            not permitted by configuration.
+        :raises InvalidComponentsError:
+            When a component was found to be invalid.
+        """
+        if not self.allow_password:
+            check_password(uri)
+
+        required_components = [
+            component
+            for component, required in self.required_components.items()
+            if required
+        ]
+        validated_components = [
+            component
+            for component, required in self.validated_components.items()
+            if required
+        ]
+        if required_components:
+            ensure_required_components_exist(uri, required_components)
+        if validated_components:
+            ensure_components_are_valid(uri, validated_components)
+
+        ensure_one_of(self.allowed_schemes, uri, "scheme")
+        ensure_one_of(self.allowed_hosts, uri, "host")
+        ensure_one_of(self.allowed_ports, uri, "port")
+
+
+def check_password(uri):
+    """Assert that there is no password present in the uri."""
+    userinfo = uri.userinfo
+    if not userinfo:
+        return
+    credentials = userinfo.split(":", 1)
+    if len(credentials) <= 1:
+        return
+    raise exceptions.PasswordForbidden(uri)
+
+
+def ensure_one_of(allowed_values, uri, attribute):
+    """Assert that the uri's attribute is one of the allowed values."""
+    value = getattr(uri, attribute)
+    if value is not None and allowed_values and value not in allowed_values:
+        raise exceptions.UnpermittedComponentError(
+            attribute,
+            value,
+            allowed_values,
+        )
+
+
+def ensure_required_components_exist(uri, required_components):
+    """Assert that all required components are present in the URI."""
+    missing_components = sorted(
+        [
+            component
+            for component in required_components
+            if getattr(uri, component) is None
+        ]
+    )
+    if missing_components:
+        raise exceptions.MissingComponentError(uri, *missing_components)
+
+
+def is_valid(value, matcher, require):
+    """Determine if a value is valid based on the provided matcher.
+
+    :param str value:
+        Value to validate.
+    :param matcher:
+        Compiled regular expression to use to validate the value.
+    :param require:
+        Whether or not the value is required.
+    """
+    if require:
+        return value is not None and matcher.match(value)
+
+    # require is False and value is not None
+    return value is None or matcher.match(value)
+
+
+def authority_is_valid(authority, host=None, require=False):
+    """Determine if the authority string is valid.
+
+    :param str authority:
+        The authority to validate.
+    :param str host:
+        (optional) The host portion of the authority to validate.
+    :param bool require:
+        (optional) Specify if authority must not be None.
+    :returns:
+        ``True`` if valid, ``False`` otherwise
+    :rtype:
+        bool
+    """
+    validated = is_valid(authority, misc.SUBAUTHORITY_MATCHER, require)
+    if validated and host is not None:
+        return host_is_valid(host, require)
+    return validated
+
+
+def host_is_valid(host, require=False):
+    """Determine if the host string is valid.
+
+    :param str host:
+        The host to validate.
+    :param bool require:
+        (optional) Specify if host must not be None.
+    :returns:
+        ``True`` if valid, ``False`` otherwise
+    :rtype:
+        bool
+    """
+    validated = is_valid(host, misc.HOST_MATCHER, require)
+    if validated and host is not None and misc.IPv4_MATCHER.match(host):
+        return valid_ipv4_host_address(host)
+    elif validated and host is not None and misc.IPv6_MATCHER.match(host):
+        return misc.IPv6_NO_RFC4007_MATCHER.match(host) is not None
+    return validated
+
+
+def scheme_is_valid(scheme, require=False):
+    """Determine if the scheme is valid.
+
+    :param str scheme:
+        The scheme string to validate.
+    :param bool require:
+        (optional) Set to ``True`` to require the presence of a scheme.
+    :returns:
+        ``True`` if the scheme is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+    :rtype:
+        bool
+    """
+    return is_valid(scheme, misc.SCHEME_MATCHER, require)
+
+
+def path_is_valid(path, require=False):
+    """Determine if the path component is valid.
+
+    :param str path:
+        The path string to validate.
+    :param bool require:
+        (optional) Set to ``True`` to require the presence of a path.
+    :returns:
+        ``True`` if the path is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+    :rtype:
+        bool
+    """
+    return is_valid(path, misc.PATH_MATCHER, require)
+
+
+def query_is_valid(query, require=False):
+    """Determine if the query component is valid.
+
+    :param str query:
+        The query string to validate.
+    :param bool require:
+        (optional) Set to ``True`` to require the presence of a query.
+    :returns:
+        ``True`` if the query is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+    :rtype:
+        bool
+    """
+    return is_valid(query, misc.QUERY_MATCHER, require)
+
+
+def fragment_is_valid(fragment, require=False):
+    """Determine if the fragment component is valid.
+
+    :param str fragment:
+        The fragment string to validate.
+    :param bool require:
+        (optional) Set to ``True`` to require the presence of a fragment.
+    :returns:
+        ``True`` if the fragment is valid. ``False`` otherwise.
+    :rtype:
+        bool
+    """
+    return is_valid(fragment, misc.FRAGMENT_MATCHER, require)
+
+
+def valid_ipv4_host_address(host):
+    """Determine if the given host is a valid IPv4 address."""
+    # If the host exists, and it might be IPv4, check each byte in the
+    # address.
+    return all([0 <= int(byte, base=10) <= 255 for byte in host.split(".")])
+
+
+_COMPONENT_VALIDATORS = {
+    "scheme": scheme_is_valid,
+    "path": path_is_valid,
+    "query": query_is_valid,
+    "fragment": fragment_is_valid,
+}
+
+_SUBAUTHORITY_VALIDATORS = set(["userinfo", "host", "port"])
+
+
+def subauthority_component_is_valid(uri, component):
+    """Determine if the userinfo, host, and port are valid."""
+    try:
+        subauthority_dict = uri.authority_info()
+    except exceptions.InvalidAuthority:
+        return False
+
+    # If we can parse the authority into sub-components and we're not
+    # validating the port, we can assume it's valid.
+    if component == "host":
+        return host_is_valid(subauthority_dict["host"])
+    elif component != "port":
+        return True
+
+    try:
+        port = int(subauthority_dict["port"])
+    except TypeError:
+        # If the port wasn't provided it'll be None and int(None) raises a
+        # TypeError
+        return True
+
+    return 0 <= port <= 65535
+
+
+def ensure_components_are_valid(uri, validated_components):
+    """Assert that all components are valid in the URI."""
+    invalid_components = set([])
+    for component in validated_components:
+        if component in _SUBAUTHORITY_VALIDATORS:
+            if not subauthority_component_is_valid(uri, component):
+                invalid_components.add(component)
+            # Python's peephole optimizer means that while this continue *is*
+            # actually executed, coverage.py cannot detect that. See also,
+            # https://bitbucket.org/ned/coveragepy/issues/198/continue-marked-as-not-covered
+            continue  # nocov: Python 2.7, 3.3, 3.4
+
+        validator = _COMPONENT_VALIDATORS[component]
+        if not validator(getattr(uri, component)):
+            invalid_components.add(component)
+
+    if invalid_components:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidComponentsError(uri, *invalid_components)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..353924b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Copyright Jason R. Coombs
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
+deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
+IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3c4797
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: setuptools
+Version: 60.5.0
+Summary: Easily download, build, install, upgrade, and uninstall Python packages
+Home-page: https://github.com/pypa/setuptools
+Author: Python Packaging Authority
+Author-email: distutils-sig@python.org
+License: UNKNOWN
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://setuptools.pypa.io/
+Keywords: CPAN PyPI distutils eggs package management
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Topic :: System :: Archiving :: Packaging
+Classifier: Topic :: System :: Systems Administration
+Classifier: Topic :: Utilities
+Requires-Python: >=3.7
+License-File: LICENSE
+Provides-Extra: certs
+Provides-Extra: docs
+Requires-Dist: sphinx ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: jaraco.packaging (>=8.2) ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: rst.linker (>=1.9) ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: jaraco.tidelift (>=1.4) ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: pygments-github-lexers (==0.0.5) ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx-favicon ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx-inline-tabs ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: sphinxcontrib-towncrier ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: furo ; extra == 'docs'
+Provides-Extra: ssl
+Provides-Extra: testing
+Requires-Dist: pytest (>=6) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-checkdocs (>=2.4) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-flake8 ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-cov ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-enabler (>=1.0.1) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-perf ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: mock ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: flake8-2020 ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: virtualenv (>=13.0.0) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: wheel ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: paver ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pip (>=19.1) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: jaraco.envs (>=2.2) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-xdist ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: sphinx (>=4.3.2) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: jaraco.path (>=3.2.0) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: build[virtualenv] ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: filelock (>=3.4.0) ; extra == 'testing'
+Provides-Extra: testing-integration
+Requires-Dist: pytest ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-xdist ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-enabler ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: virtualenv (>=13.0.0) ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: tomli ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: wheel ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: jaraco.path (>=3.2.0) ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: jaraco.envs (>=2.2) ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: build[virtualenv] ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: filelock (>=3.4.0) ; extra == 'testing-integration'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-black (>=0.3.7) ; (platform_python_implementation != "PyPy") and extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-mypy ; (platform_python_implementation != "PyPy") and extra == 'testing'
+
+.. image:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pypa/setuptools/main/docs/images/banner-640x320.svg
+   :align: center
+
+|
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/setuptools.svg
+   :target: `PyPI link`_
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/setuptools.svg
+   :target: `PyPI link`_
+
+.. _PyPI link: https://pypi.org/project/setuptools
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/workflows/tests/badge.svg
+   :target: https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/actions?query=workflow%3A%22tests%22
+   :alt: tests
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
+   :target: https://github.com/psf/black
+   :alt: Code style: Black
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/readthedocs/setuptools/latest.svg
+    :target: https://setuptools.pypa.io
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/skeleton-2021-informational
+   :target: https://blog.jaraco.com/skeleton
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/pypa/setuptools/master.svg?logo=codecov&logoColor=white
+   :target: https://codecov.io/gh/pypa/setuptools
+
+.. image:: https://tidelift.com/badges/github/pypa/setuptools?style=flat
+   :target: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-setuptools?utm_source=pypi-setuptools&utm_medium=readme
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/discord/803025117553754132
+   :target: https://discord.com/channels/803025117553754132/815945031150993468
+   :alt: Discord
+
+See the `Installation Instructions
+<https://packaging.python.org/installing/>`_ in the Python Packaging
+User's Guide for instructions on installing, upgrading, and uninstalling
+Setuptools.
+
+Questions and comments should be directed to the `distutils-sig
+mailing list <http://mail.python.org/pipermail/distutils-sig/>`_.
+Bug reports and especially tested patches may be
+submitted directly to the `bug tracker
+<https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues>`_.
+
+
+Code of Conduct
+===============
+
+Everyone interacting in the setuptools project's codebases, issue trackers,
+chat rooms, and mailing lists is expected to follow the
+`PSF Code of Conduct <https://github.com/pypa/.github/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md>`_.
+
+
+For Enterprise
+==============
+
+Available as part of the Tidelift Subscription.
+
+Setuptools and the maintainers of thousands of other packages are working with Tidelift to deliver one enterprise subscription that covers all of the open source you use.
+
+`Learn more <https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-setuptools?utm_source=pypi-setuptools&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=github>`_.
+
+
+Security Contact
+================
+
+To report a security vulnerability, please use the
+`Tidelift security contact <https://tidelift.com/security>`_.
+Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72b383d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/REQUESTED b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/REQUESTED
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..becc9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9466bf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+[distutils.commands]
+alias = setuptools.command.alias:alias
+bdist_egg = setuptools.command.bdist_egg:bdist_egg
+bdist_rpm = setuptools.command.bdist_rpm:bdist_rpm
+build_clib = setuptools.command.build_clib:build_clib
+build_ext = setuptools.command.build_ext:build_ext
+build_py = setuptools.command.build_py:build_py
+develop = setuptools.command.develop:develop
+dist_info = setuptools.command.dist_info:dist_info
+easy_install = setuptools.command.easy_install:easy_install
+egg_info = setuptools.command.egg_info:egg_info
+install = setuptools.command.install:install
+install_egg_info = setuptools.command.install_egg_info:install_egg_info
+install_lib = setuptools.command.install_lib:install_lib
+install_scripts = setuptools.command.install_scripts:install_scripts
+rotate = setuptools.command.rotate:rotate
+saveopts = setuptools.command.saveopts:saveopts
+sdist = setuptools.command.sdist:sdist
+setopt = setuptools.command.setopt:setopt
+test = setuptools.command.test:test
+upload_docs = setuptools.command.upload_docs:upload_docs
+
+[distutils.setup_keywords]
+dependency_links = setuptools.dist:assert_string_list
+eager_resources = setuptools.dist:assert_string_list
+entry_points = setuptools.dist:check_entry_points
+exclude_package_data = setuptools.dist:check_package_data
+extras_require = setuptools.dist:check_extras
+include_package_data = setuptools.dist:assert_bool
+install_requires = setuptools.dist:check_requirements
+namespace_packages = setuptools.dist:check_nsp
+package_data = setuptools.dist:check_package_data
+packages = setuptools.dist:check_packages
+python_requires = setuptools.dist:check_specifier
+setup_requires = setuptools.dist:check_requirements
+test_loader = setuptools.dist:check_importable
+test_runner = setuptools.dist:check_importable
+test_suite = setuptools.dist:check_test_suite
+tests_require = setuptools.dist:check_requirements
+use_2to3 = setuptools.dist:invalid_unless_false
+zip_safe = setuptools.dist:assert_bool
+
+[egg_info.writers]
+PKG-INFO = setuptools.command.egg_info:write_pkg_info
+dependency_links.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:overwrite_arg
+depends.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:warn_depends_obsolete
+eager_resources.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:overwrite_arg
+entry_points.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:write_entries
+namespace_packages.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:overwrite_arg
+requires.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:write_requirements
+top_level.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:write_toplevel_names
+
+[setuptools.finalize_distribution_options]
+keywords = setuptools.dist:Distribution._finalize_setup_keywords
+parent_finalize = setuptools.dist:_Distribution.finalize_options
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5ac107
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools-60.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+_distutils_hack
+pkg_resources
+setuptools
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43d1c96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+"""Extensions to the 'distutils' for large or complex distributions"""
+
+from fnmatch import fnmatchcase
+import functools
+import os
+import re
+
+import _distutils_hack.override  # noqa: F401
+
+import distutils.core
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+
+from ._deprecation_warning import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+import setuptools.version
+from setuptools.extension import Extension
+from setuptools.dist import Distribution
+from setuptools.depends import Require
+from . import monkey
+from . import logging
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    'setup',
+    'Distribution',
+    'Command',
+    'Extension',
+    'Require',
+    'SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning',
+    'find_packages',
+    'find_namespace_packages',
+]
+
+__version__ = setuptools.version.__version__
+
+bootstrap_install_from = None
+
+
+class PackageFinder:
+    """
+    Generate a list of all Python packages found within a directory
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def find(cls, where='.', exclude=(), include=('*',)):
+        """Return a list all Python packages found within directory 'where'
+
+        'where' is the root directory which will be searched for packages.  It
+        should be supplied as a "cross-platform" (i.e. URL-style) path; it will
+        be converted to the appropriate local path syntax.
+
+        'exclude' is a sequence of package names to exclude; '*' can be used
+        as a wildcard in the names, such that 'foo.*' will exclude all
+        subpackages of 'foo' (but not 'foo' itself).
+
+        'include' is a sequence of package names to include.  If it's
+        specified, only the named packages will be included.  If it's not
+        specified, all found packages will be included.  'include' can contain
+        shell style wildcard patterns just like 'exclude'.
+        """
+
+        return list(
+            cls._find_packages_iter(
+                convert_path(where),
+                cls._build_filter('ez_setup', '*__pycache__', *exclude),
+                cls._build_filter(*include),
+            )
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _find_packages_iter(cls, where, exclude, include):
+        """
+        All the packages found in 'where' that pass the 'include' filter, but
+        not the 'exclude' filter.
+        """
+        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(where, followlinks=True):
+            # Copy dirs to iterate over it, then empty dirs.
+            all_dirs = dirs[:]
+            dirs[:] = []
+
+            for dir in all_dirs:
+                full_path = os.path.join(root, dir)
+                rel_path = os.path.relpath(full_path, where)
+                package = rel_path.replace(os.path.sep, '.')
+
+                # Skip directory trees that are not valid packages
+                if '.' in dir or not cls._looks_like_package(full_path):
+                    continue
+
+                # Should this package be included?
+                if include(package) and not exclude(package):
+                    yield package
+
+                # Keep searching subdirectories, as there may be more packages
+                # down there, even if the parent was excluded.
+                dirs.append(dir)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _looks_like_package(path):
+        """Does a directory look like a package?"""
+        return os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, '__init__.py'))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _build_filter(*patterns):
+        """
+        Given a list of patterns, return a callable that will be true only if
+        the input matches at least one of the patterns.
+        """
+        return lambda name: any(fnmatchcase(name, pat=pat) for pat in patterns)
+
+
+class PEP420PackageFinder(PackageFinder):
+    @staticmethod
+    def _looks_like_package(path):
+        return True
+
+
+find_packages = PackageFinder.find
+find_namespace_packages = PEP420PackageFinder.find
+
+
+def _install_setup_requires(attrs):
+    # Note: do not use `setuptools.Distribution` directly, as
+    # our PEP 517 backend patch `distutils.core.Distribution`.
+    class MinimalDistribution(distutils.core.Distribution):
+        """
+        A minimal version of a distribution for supporting the
+        fetch_build_eggs interface.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self, attrs):
+            _incl = 'dependency_links', 'setup_requires'
+            filtered = {k: attrs[k] for k in set(_incl) & set(attrs)}
+            distutils.core.Distribution.__init__(self, filtered)
+
+        def finalize_options(self):
+            """
+            Disable finalize_options to avoid building the working set.
+            Ref #2158.
+            """
+
+    dist = MinimalDistribution(attrs)
+
+    # Honor setup.cfg's options.
+    dist.parse_config_files(ignore_option_errors=True)
+    if dist.setup_requires:
+        dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.setup_requires)
+
+
+def setup(**attrs):
+    # Make sure we have any requirements needed to interpret 'attrs'.
+    logging.configure()
+    _install_setup_requires(attrs)
+    return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
+
+
+setup.__doc__ = distutils.core.setup.__doc__
+
+
+_Command = monkey.get_unpatched(distutils.core.Command)
+
+
+class Command(_Command):
+    __doc__ = _Command.__doc__
+
+    command_consumes_arguments = False
+
+    def __init__(self, dist, **kw):
+        """
+        Construct the command for dist, updating
+        vars(self) with any keyword parameters.
+        """
+        _Command.__init__(self, dist)
+        vars(self).update(kw)
+
+    def _ensure_stringlike(self, option, what, default=None):
+        val = getattr(self, option)
+        if val is None:
+            setattr(self, option, default)
+            return default
+        elif not isinstance(val, str):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "'%s' must be a %s (got `%s`)" % (option, what, val)
+            )
+        return val
+
+    def ensure_string_list(self, option):
+        r"""Ensure that 'option' is a list of strings.  If 'option' is
+        currently a string, we split it either on /,\s*/ or /\s+/, so
+        "foo bar baz", "foo,bar,baz", and "foo,   bar baz" all become
+        ["foo", "bar", "baz"].
+        """
+        val = getattr(self, option)
+        if val is None:
+            return
+        elif isinstance(val, str):
+            setattr(self, option, re.split(r',\s*|\s+', val))
+        else:
+            if isinstance(val, list):
+                ok = all(isinstance(v, str) for v in val)
+            else:
+                ok = False
+            if not ok:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                    "'%s' must be a list of strings (got %r)" % (option, val)
+                )
+
+    def reinitialize_command(self, command, reinit_subcommands=0, **kw):
+        cmd = _Command.reinitialize_command(self, command, reinit_subcommands)
+        vars(cmd).update(kw)
+        return cmd
+
+
+def _find_all_simple(path):
+    """
+    Find all files under 'path'
+    """
+    results = (
+        os.path.join(base, file)
+        for base, dirs, files in os.walk(path, followlinks=True)
+        for file in files
+    )
+    return filter(os.path.isfile, results)
+
+
+def findall(dir=os.curdir):
+    """
+    Find all files under 'dir' and return the list of full filenames.
+    Unless dir is '.', return full filenames with dir prepended.
+    """
+    files = _find_all_simple(dir)
+    if dir == os.curdir:
+        make_rel = functools.partial(os.path.relpath, start=dir)
+        files = map(make_rel, files)
+    return list(files)
+
+
+class sic(str):
+    """Treat this string as-is (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sic)"""
+
+
+# Apply monkey patches
+monkey.patch_all()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_deprecation_warning.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_deprecation_warning.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..086b64d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_deprecation_warning.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+class SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning(Warning):
+    """
+    Base class for warning deprecations in ``setuptools``
+
+    This class is not derived from ``DeprecationWarning``, and as such is
+    visible by default.
+    """
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8fd493b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""distutils
+
+The main package for the Python Module Distribution Utilities.  Normally
+used from a setup script as
+
+   from distutils.core import setup
+
+   setup (...)
+"""
+
+import sys
+import importlib
+
+__version__ = sys.version[:sys.version.index(' ')]
+
+
+try:
+    # Allow Debian and pkgsrc (only) to customize system
+    # behavior. Ref pypa/distutils#2 and pypa/distutils#16.
+    # This hook is deprecated and no other environments
+    # should use it.
+    importlib.import_module('_distutils_system_mod')
+except ImportError:
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/_collections.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/_collections.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98fce80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/_collections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import collections
+import itertools
+
+
+# from jaraco.collections 3.5.1
+class DictStack(list, collections.abc.Mapping):
+    """
+    A stack of dictionaries that behaves as a view on those dictionaries,
+    giving preference to the last.
+
+    >>> stack = DictStack([dict(a=1, c=2), dict(b=2, a=2)])
+    >>> stack['a']
+    2
+    >>> stack['b']
+    2
+    >>> stack['c']
+    2
+    >>> len(stack)
+    3
+    >>> stack.push(dict(a=3))
+    >>> stack['a']
+    3
+    >>> set(stack.keys()) == set(['a', 'b', 'c'])
+    True
+    >>> set(stack.items()) == set([('a', 3), ('b', 2), ('c', 2)])
+    True
+    >>> dict(**stack) == dict(stack) == dict(a=3, c=2, b=2)
+    True
+    >>> d = stack.pop()
+    >>> stack['a']
+    2
+    >>> d = stack.pop()
+    >>> stack['a']
+    1
+    >>> stack.get('b', None)
+    >>> 'c' in stack
+    True
+    """
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        dicts = list.__iter__(self)
+        return iter(set(itertools.chain.from_iterable(c.keys() for c in dicts)))
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        for scope in reversed(tuple(list.__iter__(self))):
+            if key in scope:
+                return scope[key]
+        raise KeyError(key)
+
+    push = list.append
+
+    def __contains__(self, other):
+        return collections.abc.Mapping.__contains__(self, other)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(list(iter(self)))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/_msvccompiler.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/_msvccompiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c41ea9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/_msvccompiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,561 @@
+"""distutils._msvccompiler
+
+Contains MSVCCompiler, an implementation of the abstract CCompiler class
+for Microsoft Visual Studio 2015.
+
+The module is compatible with VS 2015 and later. You can find legacy support
+for older versions in distutils.msvc9compiler and distutils.msvccompiler.
+"""
+
+# Written by Perry Stoll
+# hacked by Robin Becker and Thomas Heller to do a better job of
+#   finding DevStudio (through the registry)
+# ported to VS 2005 and VS 2008 by Christian Heimes
+# ported to VS 2015 by Steve Dower
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+import contextlib
+import warnings
+import unittest.mock
+with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):
+    import winreg
+
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsExecError, DistutilsPlatformError, \
+                             CompileError, LibError, LinkError
+from distutils.ccompiler import CCompiler, gen_lib_options
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+
+from itertools import count
+
+def _find_vc2015():
+    try:
+        key = winreg.OpenKeyEx(
+            winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
+            r"Software\Microsoft\VisualStudio\SxS\VC7",
+            access=winreg.KEY_READ | winreg.KEY_WOW64_32KEY
+        )
+    except OSError:
+        log.debug("Visual C++ is not registered")
+        return None, None
+
+    best_version = 0
+    best_dir = None
+    with key:
+        for i in count():
+            try:
+                v, vc_dir, vt = winreg.EnumValue(key, i)
+            except OSError:
+                break
+            if v and vt == winreg.REG_SZ and os.path.isdir(vc_dir):
+                try:
+                    version = int(float(v))
+                except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                    continue
+                if version >= 14 and version > best_version:
+                    best_version, best_dir = version, vc_dir
+    return best_version, best_dir
+
+def _find_vc2017():
+    """Returns "15, path" based on the result of invoking vswhere.exe
+    If no install is found, returns "None, None"
+
+    The version is returned to avoid unnecessarily changing the function
+    result. It may be ignored when the path is not None.
+
+    If vswhere.exe is not available, by definition, VS 2017 is not
+    installed.
+    """
+    root = os.environ.get("ProgramFiles(x86)") or os.environ.get("ProgramFiles")
+    if not root:
+        return None, None
+
+    try:
+        path = subprocess.check_output([
+            os.path.join(root, "Microsoft Visual Studio", "Installer", "vswhere.exe"),
+            "-latest",
+            "-prerelease",
+            "-requires", "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64",
+            "-property", "installationPath",
+            "-products", "*",
+        ], encoding="mbcs", errors="strict").strip()
+    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, OSError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+        return None, None
+
+    path = os.path.join(path, "VC", "Auxiliary", "Build")
+    if os.path.isdir(path):
+        return 15, path
+
+    return None, None
+
+PLAT_SPEC_TO_RUNTIME = {
+    'x86' : 'x86',
+    'x86_amd64' : 'x64',
+    'x86_arm' : 'arm',
+    'x86_arm64' : 'arm64'
+}
+
+def _find_vcvarsall(plat_spec):
+    # bpo-38597: Removed vcruntime return value
+    _, best_dir = _find_vc2017()
+
+    if not best_dir:
+        best_version, best_dir = _find_vc2015()
+
+    if not best_dir:
+        log.debug("No suitable Visual C++ version found")
+        return None, None
+
+    vcvarsall = os.path.join(best_dir, "vcvarsall.bat")
+    if not os.path.isfile(vcvarsall):
+        log.debug("%s cannot be found", vcvarsall)
+        return None, None
+
+    return vcvarsall, None
+
+def _get_vc_env(plat_spec):
+    if os.getenv("DISTUTILS_USE_SDK"):
+        return {
+            key.lower(): value
+            for key, value in os.environ.items()
+        }
+
+    vcvarsall, _ = _find_vcvarsall(plat_spec)
+    if not vcvarsall:
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError("Unable to find vcvarsall.bat")
+
+    try:
+        out = subprocess.check_output(
+            'cmd /u /c "{}" {} && set'.format(vcvarsall, plat_spec),
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        ).decode('utf-16le', errors='replace')
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as exc:
+        log.error(exc.output)
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError("Error executing {}"
+                .format(exc.cmd))
+
+    env = {
+        key.lower(): value
+        for key, _, value in
+        (line.partition('=') for line in out.splitlines())
+        if key and value
+    }
+
+    return env
+
+def _find_exe(exe, paths=None):
+    """Return path to an MSVC executable program.
+
+    Tries to find the program in several places: first, one of the
+    MSVC program search paths from the registry; next, the directories
+    in the PATH environment variable.  If any of those work, return an
+    absolute path that is known to exist.  If none of them work, just
+    return the original program name, 'exe'.
+    """
+    if not paths:
+        paths = os.getenv('path').split(os.pathsep)
+    for p in paths:
+        fn = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(p), exe)
+        if os.path.isfile(fn):
+            return fn
+    return exe
+
+# A map keyed by get_platform() return values to values accepted by
+# 'vcvarsall.bat'. Always cross-compile from x86 to work with the
+# lighter-weight MSVC installs that do not include native 64-bit tools.
+PLAT_TO_VCVARS = {
+    'win32' : 'x86',
+    'win-amd64' : 'x86_amd64',
+    'win-arm32' : 'x86_arm',
+    'win-arm64' : 'x86_arm64'
+}
+
+class MSVCCompiler(CCompiler) :
+    """Concrete class that implements an interface to Microsoft Visual C++,
+       as defined by the CCompiler abstract class."""
+
+    compiler_type = 'msvc'
+
+    # Just set this so CCompiler's constructor doesn't barf.  We currently
+    # don't use the 'set_executables()' bureaucracy provided by CCompiler,
+    # as it really isn't necessary for this sort of single-compiler class.
+    # Would be nice to have a consistent interface with UnixCCompiler,
+    # though, so it's worth thinking about.
+    executables = {}
+
+    # Private class data (need to distinguish C from C++ source for compiler)
+    _c_extensions = ['.c']
+    _cpp_extensions = ['.cc', '.cpp', '.cxx']
+    _rc_extensions = ['.rc']
+    _mc_extensions = ['.mc']
+
+    # Needed for the filename generation methods provided by the
+    # base class, CCompiler.
+    src_extensions = (_c_extensions + _cpp_extensions +
+                      _rc_extensions + _mc_extensions)
+    res_extension = '.res'
+    obj_extension = '.obj'
+    static_lib_extension = '.lib'
+    shared_lib_extension = '.dll'
+    static_lib_format = shared_lib_format = '%s%s'
+    exe_extension = '.exe'
+
+
+    def __init__(self, verbose=0, dry_run=0, force=0):
+        CCompiler.__init__ (self, verbose, dry_run, force)
+        # target platform (.plat_name is consistent with 'bdist')
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.initialized = False
+
+    def initialize(self, plat_name=None):
+        # multi-init means we would need to check platform same each time...
+        assert not self.initialized, "don't init multiple times"
+        if plat_name is None:
+            plat_name = get_platform()
+        # sanity check for platforms to prevent obscure errors later.
+        if plat_name not in PLAT_TO_VCVARS:
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError("--plat-name must be one of {}"
+                                         .format(tuple(PLAT_TO_VCVARS)))
+
+        # Get the vcvarsall.bat spec for the requested platform.
+        plat_spec = PLAT_TO_VCVARS[plat_name]
+
+        vc_env = _get_vc_env(plat_spec)
+        if not vc_env:
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError("Unable to find a compatible "
+                "Visual Studio installation.")
+
+        self._paths = vc_env.get('path', '')
+        paths = self._paths.split(os.pathsep)
+        self.cc = _find_exe("cl.exe", paths)
+        self.linker = _find_exe("link.exe", paths)
+        self.lib = _find_exe("lib.exe", paths)
+        self.rc = _find_exe("rc.exe", paths)   # resource compiler
+        self.mc = _find_exe("mc.exe", paths)   # message compiler
+        self.mt = _find_exe("mt.exe", paths)   # message compiler
+
+        for dir in vc_env.get('include', '').split(os.pathsep):
+            if dir:
+                self.add_include_dir(dir.rstrip(os.sep))
+
+        for dir in vc_env.get('lib', '').split(os.pathsep):
+            if dir:
+                self.add_library_dir(dir.rstrip(os.sep))
+
+        self.preprocess_options = None
+        # bpo-38597: Always compile with dynamic linking
+        # Future releases of Python 3.x will include all past
+        # versions of vcruntime*.dll for compatibility.
+        self.compile_options = [
+            '/nologo', '/O2', '/W3', '/GL', '/DNDEBUG', '/MD'
+        ]
+
+        self.compile_options_debug = [
+            '/nologo', '/Od', '/MDd', '/Zi', '/W3', '/D_DEBUG'
+        ]
+
+        ldflags = [
+            '/nologo', '/INCREMENTAL:NO', '/LTCG'
+        ]
+
+        ldflags_debug = [
+            '/nologo', '/INCREMENTAL:NO', '/LTCG', '/DEBUG:FULL'
+        ]
+
+        self.ldflags_exe = [*ldflags, '/MANIFEST:EMBED,ID=1']
+        self.ldflags_exe_debug = [*ldflags_debug, '/MANIFEST:EMBED,ID=1']
+        self.ldflags_shared = [*ldflags, '/DLL', '/MANIFEST:EMBED,ID=2', '/MANIFESTUAC:NO']
+        self.ldflags_shared_debug = [*ldflags_debug, '/DLL', '/MANIFEST:EMBED,ID=2', '/MANIFESTUAC:NO']
+        self.ldflags_static = [*ldflags]
+        self.ldflags_static_debug = [*ldflags_debug]
+
+        self._ldflags = {
+            (CCompiler.EXECUTABLE, None): self.ldflags_exe,
+            (CCompiler.EXECUTABLE, False): self.ldflags_exe,
+            (CCompiler.EXECUTABLE, True): self.ldflags_exe_debug,
+            (CCompiler.SHARED_OBJECT, None): self.ldflags_shared,
+            (CCompiler.SHARED_OBJECT, False): self.ldflags_shared,
+            (CCompiler.SHARED_OBJECT, True): self.ldflags_shared_debug,
+            (CCompiler.SHARED_LIBRARY, None): self.ldflags_static,
+            (CCompiler.SHARED_LIBRARY, False): self.ldflags_static,
+            (CCompiler.SHARED_LIBRARY, True): self.ldflags_static_debug,
+        }
+
+        self.initialized = True
+
+    # -- Worker methods ------------------------------------------------
+
+    def object_filenames(self,
+                         source_filenames,
+                         strip_dir=0,
+                         output_dir=''):
+        ext_map = {
+            **{ext: self.obj_extension for ext in self.src_extensions},
+            **{ext: self.res_extension for ext in self._rc_extensions + self._mc_extensions},
+        }
+
+        output_dir = output_dir or ''
+
+        def make_out_path(p):
+            base, ext = os.path.splitext(p)
+            if strip_dir:
+                base = os.path.basename(base)
+            else:
+                _, base = os.path.splitdrive(base)
+                if base.startswith((os.path.sep, os.path.altsep)):
+                    base = base[1:]
+            try:
+                # XXX: This may produce absurdly long paths. We should check
+                # the length of the result and trim base until we fit within
+                # 260 characters.
+                return os.path.join(output_dir, base + ext_map[ext])
+            except LookupError:
+                # Better to raise an exception instead of silently continuing
+                # and later complain about sources and targets having
+                # different lengths
+                raise CompileError("Don't know how to compile {}".format(p))
+
+        return list(map(make_out_path, source_filenames))
+
+
+    def compile(self, sources,
+                output_dir=None, macros=None, include_dirs=None, debug=0,
+                extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None, depends=None):
+
+        if not self.initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        compile_info = self._setup_compile(output_dir, macros, include_dirs,
+                                           sources, depends, extra_postargs)
+        macros, objects, extra_postargs, pp_opts, build = compile_info
+
+        compile_opts = extra_preargs or []
+        compile_opts.append('/c')
+        if debug:
+            compile_opts.extend(self.compile_options_debug)
+        else:
+            compile_opts.extend(self.compile_options)
+
+
+        add_cpp_opts = False
+
+        for obj in objects:
+            try:
+                src, ext = build[obj]
+            except KeyError:
+                continue
+            if debug:
+                # pass the full pathname to MSVC in debug mode,
+                # this allows the debugger to find the source file
+                # without asking the user to browse for it
+                src = os.path.abspath(src)
+
+            if ext in self._c_extensions:
+                input_opt = "/Tc" + src
+            elif ext in self._cpp_extensions:
+                input_opt = "/Tp" + src
+                add_cpp_opts = True
+            elif ext in self._rc_extensions:
+                # compile .RC to .RES file
+                input_opt = src
+                output_opt = "/fo" + obj
+                try:
+                    self.spawn([self.rc] + pp_opts + [output_opt, input_opt])
+                except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                    raise CompileError(msg)
+                continue
+            elif ext in self._mc_extensions:
+                # Compile .MC to .RC file to .RES file.
+                #   * '-h dir' specifies the directory for the
+                #     generated include file
+                #   * '-r dir' specifies the target directory of the
+                #     generated RC file and the binary message resource
+                #     it includes
+                #
+                # For now (since there are no options to change this),
+                # we use the source-directory for the include file and
+                # the build directory for the RC file and message
+                # resources. This works at least for win32all.
+                h_dir = os.path.dirname(src)
+                rc_dir = os.path.dirname(obj)
+                try:
+                    # first compile .MC to .RC and .H file
+                    self.spawn([self.mc, '-h', h_dir, '-r', rc_dir, src])
+                    base, _ = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename (src))
+                    rc_file = os.path.join(rc_dir, base + '.rc')
+                    # then compile .RC to .RES file
+                    self.spawn([self.rc, "/fo" + obj, rc_file])
+
+                except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                    raise CompileError(msg)
+                continue
+            else:
+                # how to handle this file?
+                raise CompileError("Don't know how to compile {} to {}"
+                                   .format(src, obj))
+
+            args = [self.cc] + compile_opts + pp_opts
+            if add_cpp_opts:
+                args.append('/EHsc')
+            args.append(input_opt)
+            args.append("/Fo" + obj)
+            args.extend(extra_postargs)
+
+            try:
+                self.spawn(args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise CompileError(msg)
+
+        return objects
+
+
+    def create_static_lib(self,
+                          objects,
+                          output_libname,
+                          output_dir=None,
+                          debug=0,
+                          target_lang=None):
+
+        if not self.initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        objects, output_dir = self._fix_object_args(objects, output_dir)
+        output_filename = self.library_filename(output_libname,
+                                                output_dir=output_dir)
+
+        if self._need_link(objects, output_filename):
+            lib_args = objects + ['/OUT:' + output_filename]
+            if debug:
+                pass # XXX what goes here?
+            try:
+                log.debug('Executing "%s" %s', self.lib, ' '.join(lib_args))
+                self.spawn([self.lib] + lib_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise LibError(msg)
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+
+    def link(self,
+             target_desc,
+             objects,
+             output_filename,
+             output_dir=None,
+             libraries=None,
+             library_dirs=None,
+             runtime_library_dirs=None,
+             export_symbols=None,
+             debug=0,
+             extra_preargs=None,
+             extra_postargs=None,
+             build_temp=None,
+             target_lang=None):
+
+        if not self.initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        objects, output_dir = self._fix_object_args(objects, output_dir)
+        fixed_args = self._fix_lib_args(libraries, library_dirs,
+                                        runtime_library_dirs)
+        libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs = fixed_args
+
+        if runtime_library_dirs:
+            self.warn("I don't know what to do with 'runtime_library_dirs': "
+                       + str(runtime_library_dirs))
+
+        lib_opts = gen_lib_options(self,
+                                   library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs,
+                                   libraries)
+        if output_dir is not None:
+            output_filename = os.path.join(output_dir, output_filename)
+
+        if self._need_link(objects, output_filename):
+            ldflags = self._ldflags[target_desc, debug]
+
+            export_opts = ["/EXPORT:" + sym for sym in (export_symbols or [])]
+
+            ld_args = (ldflags + lib_opts + export_opts +
+                       objects + ['/OUT:' + output_filename])
+
+            # The MSVC linker generates .lib and .exp files, which cannot be
+            # suppressed by any linker switches. The .lib files may even be
+            # needed! Make sure they are generated in the temporary build
+            # directory. Since they have different names for debug and release
+            # builds, they can go into the same directory.
+            build_temp = os.path.dirname(objects[0])
+            if export_symbols is not None:
+                (dll_name, dll_ext) = os.path.splitext(
+                    os.path.basename(output_filename))
+                implib_file = os.path.join(
+                    build_temp,
+                    self.library_filename(dll_name))
+                ld_args.append ('/IMPLIB:' + implib_file)
+
+            if extra_preargs:
+                ld_args[:0] = extra_preargs
+            if extra_postargs:
+                ld_args.extend(extra_postargs)
+
+            output_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(output_filename))
+            self.mkpath(output_dir)
+            try:
+                log.debug('Executing "%s" %s', self.linker, ' '.join(ld_args))
+                self.spawn([self.linker] + ld_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise LinkError(msg)
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+    def spawn(self, cmd):
+        env = dict(os.environ, PATH=self._paths)
+        with self._fallback_spawn(cmd, env) as fallback:
+            return super().spawn(cmd, env=env)
+        return fallback.value
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _fallback_spawn(self, cmd, env):
+        """
+        Discovered in pypa/distutils#15, some tools monkeypatch the compiler,
+        so the 'env' kwarg causes a TypeError. Detect this condition and
+        restore the legacy, unsafe behavior.
+        """
+        bag = type('Bag', (), {})()
+        try:
+            yield bag
+        except TypeError as exc:
+            if "unexpected keyword argument 'env'" not in str(exc):
+                raise
+        else:
+            return
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Fallback spawn triggered. Please update distutils monkeypatch.")
+        with unittest.mock.patch.dict('os.environ', env):
+            bag.value = super().spawn(cmd)
+
+    # -- Miscellaneous methods -----------------------------------------
+    # These are all used by the 'gen_lib_options() function, in
+    # ccompiler.py.
+
+    def library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        return "/LIBPATH:" + dir
+
+    def runtime_library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+              "don't know how to set runtime library search path for MSVC")
+
+    def library_option(self, lib):
+        return self.library_filename(lib)
+
+    def find_library_file(self, dirs, lib, debug=0):
+        # Prefer a debugging library if found (and requested), but deal
+        # with it if we don't have one.
+        if debug:
+            try_names = [lib + "_d", lib]
+        else:
+            try_names = [lib]
+        for dir in dirs:
+            for name in try_names:
+                libfile = os.path.join(dir, self.library_filename(name))
+                if os.path.isfile(libfile):
+                    return libfile
+        else:
+            # Oops, didn't find it in *any* of 'dirs'
+            return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/archive_util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/archive_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..565a311
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/archive_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+"""distutils.archive_util
+
+Utility functions for creating archive files (tarballs, zip files,
+that sort of thing)."""
+
+import os
+from warnings import warn
+import sys
+
+try:
+    import zipfile
+except ImportError:
+    zipfile = None
+
+
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsExecError
+from distutils.spawn import spawn
+from distutils.dir_util import mkpath
+from distutils import log
+
+try:
+    from pwd import getpwnam
+except ImportError:
+    getpwnam = None
+
+try:
+    from grp import getgrnam
+except ImportError:
+    getgrnam = None
+
+def _get_gid(name):
+    """Returns a gid, given a group name."""
+    if getgrnam is None or name is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        result = getgrnam(name)
+    except KeyError:
+        result = None
+    if result is not None:
+        return result[2]
+    return None
+
+def _get_uid(name):
+    """Returns an uid, given a user name."""
+    if getpwnam is None or name is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        result = getpwnam(name)
+    except KeyError:
+        result = None
+    if result is not None:
+        return result[2]
+    return None
+
+def make_tarball(base_name, base_dir, compress="gzip", verbose=0, dry_run=0,
+                 owner=None, group=None):
+    """Create a (possibly compressed) tar file from all the files under
+    'base_dir'.
+
+    'compress' must be "gzip" (the default), "bzip2", "xz", "compress", or
+    None.  ("compress" will be deprecated in Python 3.2)
+
+    'owner' and 'group' can be used to define an owner and a group for the
+    archive that is being built. If not provided, the current owner and group
+    will be used.
+
+    The output tar file will be named 'base_dir' +  ".tar", possibly plus
+    the appropriate compression extension (".gz", ".bz2", ".xz" or ".Z").
+
+    Returns the output filename.
+    """
+    tar_compression = {'gzip': 'gz', 'bzip2': 'bz2', 'xz': 'xz', None: '',
+                       'compress': ''}
+    compress_ext = {'gzip': '.gz', 'bzip2': '.bz2', 'xz': '.xz',
+                    'compress': '.Z'}
+
+    # flags for compression program, each element of list will be an argument
+    if compress is not None and compress not in compress_ext.keys():
+        raise ValueError(
+              "bad value for 'compress': must be None, 'gzip', 'bzip2', "
+              "'xz' or 'compress'")
+
+    archive_name = base_name + '.tar'
+    if compress != 'compress':
+        archive_name += compress_ext.get(compress, '')
+
+    mkpath(os.path.dirname(archive_name), dry_run=dry_run)
+
+    # creating the tarball
+    import tarfile  # late import so Python build itself doesn't break
+
+    log.info('Creating tar archive')
+
+    uid = _get_uid(owner)
+    gid = _get_gid(group)
+
+    def _set_uid_gid(tarinfo):
+        if gid is not None:
+            tarinfo.gid = gid
+            tarinfo.gname = group
+        if uid is not None:
+            tarinfo.uid = uid
+            tarinfo.uname = owner
+        return tarinfo
+
+    if not dry_run:
+        tar = tarfile.open(archive_name, 'w|%s' % tar_compression[compress])
+        try:
+            tar.add(base_dir, filter=_set_uid_gid)
+        finally:
+            tar.close()
+
+    # compression using `compress`
+    if compress == 'compress':
+        warn("'compress' will be deprecated.", PendingDeprecationWarning)
+        # the option varies depending on the platform
+        compressed_name = archive_name + compress_ext[compress]
+        if sys.platform == 'win32':
+            cmd = [compress, archive_name, compressed_name]
+        else:
+            cmd = [compress, '-f', archive_name]
+        spawn(cmd, dry_run=dry_run)
+        return compressed_name
+
+    return archive_name
+
+def make_zipfile(base_name, base_dir, verbose=0, dry_run=0):
+    """Create a zip file from all the files under 'base_dir'.
+
+    The output zip file will be named 'base_name' + ".zip".  Uses either the
+    "zipfile" Python module (if available) or the InfoZIP "zip" utility
+    (if installed and found on the default search path).  If neither tool is
+    available, raises DistutilsExecError.  Returns the name of the output zip
+    file.
+    """
+    zip_filename = base_name + ".zip"
+    mkpath(os.path.dirname(zip_filename), dry_run=dry_run)
+
+    # If zipfile module is not available, try spawning an external
+    # 'zip' command.
+    if zipfile is None:
+        if verbose:
+            zipoptions = "-r"
+        else:
+            zipoptions = "-rq"
+
+        try:
+            spawn(["zip", zipoptions, zip_filename, base_dir],
+                  dry_run=dry_run)
+        except DistutilsExecError:
+            # XXX really should distinguish between "couldn't find
+            # external 'zip' command" and "zip failed".
+            raise DistutilsExecError(("unable to create zip file '%s': "
+                   "could neither import the 'zipfile' module nor "
+                   "find a standalone zip utility") % zip_filename)
+
+    else:
+        log.info("creating '%s' and adding '%s' to it",
+                 zip_filename, base_dir)
+
+        if not dry_run:
+            try:
+                zip = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_filename, "w",
+                                      compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                zip = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_filename, "w",
+                                      compression=zipfile.ZIP_STORED)
+
+            with zip:
+                if base_dir != os.curdir:
+                    path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(base_dir, ''))
+                    zip.write(path, path)
+                    log.info("adding '%s'", path)
+                for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(base_dir):
+                    for name in dirnames:
+                        path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(dirpath, name, ''))
+                        zip.write(path, path)
+                        log.info("adding '%s'", path)
+                    for name in filenames:
+                        path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(dirpath, name))
+                        if os.path.isfile(path):
+                            zip.write(path, path)
+                            log.info("adding '%s'", path)
+
+    return zip_filename
+
+ARCHIVE_FORMATS = {
+    'gztar': (make_tarball, [('compress', 'gzip')], "gzip'ed tar-file"),
+    'bztar': (make_tarball, [('compress', 'bzip2')], "bzip2'ed tar-file"),
+    'xztar': (make_tarball, [('compress', 'xz')], "xz'ed tar-file"),
+    'ztar':  (make_tarball, [('compress', 'compress')], "compressed tar file"),
+    'tar':   (make_tarball, [('compress', None)], "uncompressed tar file"),
+    'zip':   (make_zipfile, [],"ZIP file")
+    }
+
+def check_archive_formats(formats):
+    """Returns the first format from the 'format' list that is unknown.
+
+    If all formats are known, returns None
+    """
+    for format in formats:
+        if format not in ARCHIVE_FORMATS:
+            return format
+    return None
+
+def make_archive(base_name, format, root_dir=None, base_dir=None, verbose=0,
+                 dry_run=0, owner=None, group=None):
+    """Create an archive file (eg. zip or tar).
+
+    'base_name' is the name of the file to create, minus any format-specific
+    extension; 'format' is the archive format: one of "zip", "tar", "gztar",
+    "bztar", "xztar", or "ztar".
+
+    'root_dir' is a directory that will be the root directory of the
+    archive; ie. we typically chdir into 'root_dir' before creating the
+    archive.  'base_dir' is the directory where we start archiving from;
+    ie. 'base_dir' will be the common prefix of all files and
+    directories in the archive.  'root_dir' and 'base_dir' both default
+    to the current directory.  Returns the name of the archive file.
+
+    'owner' and 'group' are used when creating a tar archive. By default,
+    uses the current owner and group.
+    """
+    save_cwd = os.getcwd()
+    if root_dir is not None:
+        log.debug("changing into '%s'", root_dir)
+        base_name = os.path.abspath(base_name)
+        if not dry_run:
+            os.chdir(root_dir)
+
+    if base_dir is None:
+        base_dir = os.curdir
+
+    kwargs = {'dry_run': dry_run}
+
+    try:
+        format_info = ARCHIVE_FORMATS[format]
+    except KeyError:
+        raise ValueError("unknown archive format '%s'" % format)
+
+    func = format_info[0]
+    for arg, val in format_info[1]:
+        kwargs[arg] = val
+
+    if format != 'zip':
+        kwargs['owner'] = owner
+        kwargs['group'] = group
+
+    try:
+        filename = func(base_name, base_dir, **kwargs)
+    finally:
+        if root_dir is not None:
+            log.debug("changing back to '%s'", save_cwd)
+            os.chdir(save_cwd)
+
+    return filename
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/bcppcompiler.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/bcppcompiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..071fea5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/bcppcompiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+"""distutils.bcppcompiler
+
+Contains BorlandCCompiler, an implementation of the abstract CCompiler class
+for the Borland C++ compiler.
+"""
+
+# This implementation by Lyle Johnson, based on the original msvccompiler.py
+# module and using the directions originally published by Gordon Williams.
+
+# XXX looks like there's a LOT of overlap between these two classes:
+# someone should sit down and factor out the common code as
+# WindowsCCompiler!  --GPW
+
+
+import os
+from distutils.errors import \
+     DistutilsExecError, \
+     CompileError, LibError, LinkError, UnknownFileError
+from distutils.ccompiler import \
+     CCompiler, gen_preprocess_options
+from distutils.file_util import write_file
+from distutils.dep_util import newer
+from distutils import log
+
+class BCPPCompiler(CCompiler) :
+    """Concrete class that implements an interface to the Borland C/C++
+    compiler, as defined by the CCompiler abstract class.
+    """
+
+    compiler_type = 'bcpp'
+
+    # Just set this so CCompiler's constructor doesn't barf.  We currently
+    # don't use the 'set_executables()' bureaucracy provided by CCompiler,
+    # as it really isn't necessary for this sort of single-compiler class.
+    # Would be nice to have a consistent interface with UnixCCompiler,
+    # though, so it's worth thinking about.
+    executables = {}
+
+    # Private class data (need to distinguish C from C++ source for compiler)
+    _c_extensions = ['.c']
+    _cpp_extensions = ['.cc', '.cpp', '.cxx']
+
+    # Needed for the filename generation methods provided by the
+    # base class, CCompiler.
+    src_extensions = _c_extensions + _cpp_extensions
+    obj_extension = '.obj'
+    static_lib_extension = '.lib'
+    shared_lib_extension = '.dll'
+    static_lib_format = shared_lib_format = '%s%s'
+    exe_extension = '.exe'
+
+
+    def __init__ (self,
+                  verbose=0,
+                  dry_run=0,
+                  force=0):
+
+        CCompiler.__init__ (self, verbose, dry_run, force)
+
+        # These executables are assumed to all be in the path.
+        # Borland doesn't seem to use any special registry settings to
+        # indicate their installation locations.
+
+        self.cc = "bcc32.exe"
+        self.linker = "ilink32.exe"
+        self.lib = "tlib.exe"
+
+        self.preprocess_options = None
+        self.compile_options = ['/tWM', '/O2', '/q', '/g0']
+        self.compile_options_debug = ['/tWM', '/Od', '/q', '/g0']
+
+        self.ldflags_shared = ['/Tpd', '/Gn', '/q', '/x']
+        self.ldflags_shared_debug = ['/Tpd', '/Gn', '/q', '/x']
+        self.ldflags_static = []
+        self.ldflags_exe = ['/Gn', '/q', '/x']
+        self.ldflags_exe_debug = ['/Gn', '/q', '/x','/r']
+
+
+    # -- Worker methods ------------------------------------------------
+
+    def compile(self, sources,
+                output_dir=None, macros=None, include_dirs=None, debug=0,
+                extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None, depends=None):
+
+        macros, objects, extra_postargs, pp_opts, build = \
+                self._setup_compile(output_dir, macros, include_dirs, sources,
+                                    depends, extra_postargs)
+        compile_opts = extra_preargs or []
+        compile_opts.append ('-c')
+        if debug:
+            compile_opts.extend (self.compile_options_debug)
+        else:
+            compile_opts.extend (self.compile_options)
+
+        for obj in objects:
+            try:
+                src, ext = build[obj]
+            except KeyError:
+                continue
+            # XXX why do the normpath here?
+            src = os.path.normpath(src)
+            obj = os.path.normpath(obj)
+            # XXX _setup_compile() did a mkpath() too but before the normpath.
+            # Is it possible to skip the normpath?
+            self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(obj))
+
+            if ext == '.res':
+                # This is already a binary file -- skip it.
+                continue # the 'for' loop
+            if ext == '.rc':
+                # This needs to be compiled to a .res file -- do it now.
+                try:
+                    self.spawn (["brcc32", "-fo", obj, src])
+                except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                    raise CompileError(msg)
+                continue # the 'for' loop
+
+            # The next two are both for the real compiler.
+            if ext in self._c_extensions:
+                input_opt = ""
+            elif ext in self._cpp_extensions:
+                input_opt = "-P"
+            else:
+                # Unknown file type -- no extra options.  The compiler
+                # will probably fail, but let it just in case this is a
+                # file the compiler recognizes even if we don't.
+                input_opt = ""
+
+            output_opt = "-o" + obj
+
+            # Compiler command line syntax is: "bcc32 [options] file(s)".
+            # Note that the source file names must appear at the end of
+            # the command line.
+            try:
+                self.spawn ([self.cc] + compile_opts + pp_opts +
+                            [input_opt, output_opt] +
+                            extra_postargs + [src])
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise CompileError(msg)
+
+        return objects
+
+    # compile ()
+
+
+    def create_static_lib (self,
+                           objects,
+                           output_libname,
+                           output_dir=None,
+                           debug=0,
+                           target_lang=None):
+
+        (objects, output_dir) = self._fix_object_args (objects, output_dir)
+        output_filename = \
+            self.library_filename (output_libname, output_dir=output_dir)
+
+        if self._need_link (objects, output_filename):
+            lib_args = [output_filename, '/u'] + objects
+            if debug:
+                pass                    # XXX what goes here?
+            try:
+                self.spawn ([self.lib] + lib_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise LibError(msg)
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+    # create_static_lib ()
+
+
+    def link (self,
+              target_desc,
+              objects,
+              output_filename,
+              output_dir=None,
+              libraries=None,
+              library_dirs=None,
+              runtime_library_dirs=None,
+              export_symbols=None,
+              debug=0,
+              extra_preargs=None,
+              extra_postargs=None,
+              build_temp=None,
+              target_lang=None):
+
+        # XXX this ignores 'build_temp'!  should follow the lead of
+        # msvccompiler.py
+
+        (objects, output_dir) = self._fix_object_args (objects, output_dir)
+        (libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs) = \
+            self._fix_lib_args (libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs)
+
+        if runtime_library_dirs:
+            log.warn("I don't know what to do with 'runtime_library_dirs': %s",
+                     str(runtime_library_dirs))
+
+        if output_dir is not None:
+            output_filename = os.path.join (output_dir, output_filename)
+
+        if self._need_link (objects, output_filename):
+
+            # Figure out linker args based on type of target.
+            if target_desc == CCompiler.EXECUTABLE:
+                startup_obj = 'c0w32'
+                if debug:
+                    ld_args = self.ldflags_exe_debug[:]
+                else:
+                    ld_args = self.ldflags_exe[:]
+            else:
+                startup_obj = 'c0d32'
+                if debug:
+                    ld_args = self.ldflags_shared_debug[:]
+                else:
+                    ld_args = self.ldflags_shared[:]
+
+
+            # Create a temporary exports file for use by the linker
+            if export_symbols is None:
+                def_file = ''
+            else:
+                head, tail = os.path.split (output_filename)
+                modname, ext = os.path.splitext (tail)
+                temp_dir = os.path.dirname(objects[0]) # preserve tree structure
+                def_file = os.path.join (temp_dir, '%s.def' % modname)
+                contents = ['EXPORTS']
+                for sym in (export_symbols or []):
+                    contents.append('  %s=_%s' % (sym, sym))
+                self.execute(write_file, (def_file, contents),
+                             "writing %s" % def_file)
+
+            # Borland C++ has problems with '/' in paths
+            objects2 = map(os.path.normpath, objects)
+            # split objects in .obj and .res files
+            # Borland C++ needs them at different positions in the command line
+            objects = [startup_obj]
+            resources = []
+            for file in objects2:
+                (base, ext) = os.path.splitext(os.path.normcase(file))
+                if ext == '.res':
+                    resources.append(file)
+                else:
+                    objects.append(file)
+
+
+            for l in library_dirs:
+                ld_args.append("/L%s" % os.path.normpath(l))
+            ld_args.append("/L.") # we sometimes use relative paths
+
+            # list of object files
+            ld_args.extend(objects)
+
+            # XXX the command-line syntax for Borland C++ is a bit wonky;
+            # certain filenames are jammed together in one big string, but
+            # comma-delimited.  This doesn't mesh too well with the
+            # Unix-centric attitude (with a DOS/Windows quoting hack) of
+            # 'spawn()', so constructing the argument list is a bit
+            # awkward.  Note that doing the obvious thing and jamming all
+            # the filenames and commas into one argument would be wrong,
+            # because 'spawn()' would quote any filenames with spaces in
+            # them.  Arghghh!.  Apparently it works fine as coded...
+
+            # name of dll/exe file
+            ld_args.extend([',',output_filename])
+            # no map file and start libraries
+            ld_args.append(',,')
+
+            for lib in libraries:
+                # see if we find it and if there is a bcpp specific lib
+                # (xxx_bcpp.lib)
+                libfile = self.find_library_file(library_dirs, lib, debug)
+                if libfile is None:
+                    ld_args.append(lib)
+                    # probably a BCPP internal library -- don't warn
+                else:
+                    # full name which prefers bcpp_xxx.lib over xxx.lib
+                    ld_args.append(libfile)
+
+            # some default libraries
+            ld_args.append ('import32')
+            ld_args.append ('cw32mt')
+
+            # def file for export symbols
+            ld_args.extend([',',def_file])
+            # add resource files
+            ld_args.append(',')
+            ld_args.extend(resources)
+
+
+            if extra_preargs:
+                ld_args[:0] = extra_preargs
+            if extra_postargs:
+                ld_args.extend(extra_postargs)
+
+            self.mkpath (os.path.dirname (output_filename))
+            try:
+                self.spawn ([self.linker] + ld_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise LinkError(msg)
+
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+    # link ()
+
+    # -- Miscellaneous methods -----------------------------------------
+
+
+    def find_library_file (self, dirs, lib, debug=0):
+        # List of effective library names to try, in order of preference:
+        # xxx_bcpp.lib is better than xxx.lib
+        # and xxx_d.lib is better than xxx.lib if debug is set
+        #
+        # The "_bcpp" suffix is to handle a Python installation for people
+        # with multiple compilers (primarily Distutils hackers, I suspect
+        # ;-).  The idea is they'd have one static library for each
+        # compiler they care about, since (almost?) every Windows compiler
+        # seems to have a different format for static libraries.
+        if debug:
+            dlib = (lib + "_d")
+            try_names = (dlib + "_bcpp", lib + "_bcpp", dlib, lib)
+        else:
+            try_names = (lib + "_bcpp", lib)
+
+        for dir in dirs:
+            for name in try_names:
+                libfile = os.path.join(dir, self.library_filename(name))
+                if os.path.exists(libfile):
+                    return libfile
+        else:
+            # Oops, didn't find it in *any* of 'dirs'
+            return None
+
+    # overwrite the one from CCompiler to support rc and res-files
+    def object_filenames (self,
+                          source_filenames,
+                          strip_dir=0,
+                          output_dir=''):
+        if output_dir is None: output_dir = ''
+        obj_names = []
+        for src_name in source_filenames:
+            # use normcase to make sure '.rc' is really '.rc' and not '.RC'
+            (base, ext) = os.path.splitext (os.path.normcase(src_name))
+            if ext not in (self.src_extensions + ['.rc','.res']):
+                raise UnknownFileError("unknown file type '%s' (from '%s')" % \
+                      (ext, src_name))
+            if strip_dir:
+                base = os.path.basename (base)
+            if ext == '.res':
+                # these can go unchanged
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join (output_dir, base + ext))
+            elif ext == '.rc':
+                # these need to be compiled to .res-files
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join (output_dir, base + '.res'))
+            else:
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join (output_dir,
+                                            base + self.obj_extension))
+        return obj_names
+
+    # object_filenames ()
+
+    def preprocess (self,
+                    source,
+                    output_file=None,
+                    macros=None,
+                    include_dirs=None,
+                    extra_preargs=None,
+                    extra_postargs=None):
+
+        (_, macros, include_dirs) = \
+            self._fix_compile_args(None, macros, include_dirs)
+        pp_opts = gen_preprocess_options(macros, include_dirs)
+        pp_args = ['cpp32.exe'] + pp_opts
+        if output_file is not None:
+            pp_args.append('-o' + output_file)
+        if extra_preargs:
+            pp_args[:0] = extra_preargs
+        if extra_postargs:
+            pp_args.extend(extra_postargs)
+        pp_args.append(source)
+
+        # We need to preprocess: either we're being forced to, or the
+        # source file is newer than the target (or the target doesn't
+        # exist).
+        if self.force or output_file is None or newer(source, output_file):
+            if output_file:
+                self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(output_file))
+            try:
+                self.spawn(pp_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                print(msg)
+                raise CompileError(msg)
+
+    # preprocess()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/ccompiler.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/ccompiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..777fc66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/ccompiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1123 @@
+"""distutils.ccompiler
+
+Contains CCompiler, an abstract base class that defines the interface
+for the Distutils compiler abstraction model."""
+
+import sys, os, re
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils.spawn import spawn
+from distutils.file_util import move_file
+from distutils.dir_util import mkpath
+from distutils.dep_util import newer_group
+from distutils.util import split_quoted, execute
+from distutils import log
+
+class CCompiler:
+    """Abstract base class to define the interface that must be implemented
+    by real compiler classes.  Also has some utility methods used by
+    several compiler classes.
+
+    The basic idea behind a compiler abstraction class is that each
+    instance can be used for all the compile/link steps in building a
+    single project.  Thus, attributes common to all of those compile and
+    link steps -- include directories, macros to define, libraries to link
+    against, etc. -- are attributes of the compiler instance.  To allow for
+    variability in how individual files are treated, most of those
+    attributes may be varied on a per-compilation or per-link basis.
+    """
+
+    # 'compiler_type' is a class attribute that identifies this class.  It
+    # keeps code that wants to know what kind of compiler it's dealing with
+    # from having to import all possible compiler classes just to do an
+    # 'isinstance'.  In concrete CCompiler subclasses, 'compiler_type'
+    # should really, really be one of the keys of the 'compiler_class'
+    # dictionary (see below -- used by the 'new_compiler()' factory
+    # function) -- authors of new compiler interface classes are
+    # responsible for updating 'compiler_class'!
+    compiler_type = None
+
+    # XXX things not handled by this compiler abstraction model:
+    #   * client can't provide additional options for a compiler,
+    #     e.g. warning, optimization, debugging flags.  Perhaps this
+    #     should be the domain of concrete compiler abstraction classes
+    #     (UnixCCompiler, MSVCCompiler, etc.) -- or perhaps the base
+    #     class should have methods for the common ones.
+    #   * can't completely override the include or library searchg
+    #     path, ie. no "cc -I -Idir1 -Idir2" or "cc -L -Ldir1 -Ldir2".
+    #     I'm not sure how widely supported this is even by Unix
+    #     compilers, much less on other platforms.  And I'm even less
+    #     sure how useful it is; maybe for cross-compiling, but
+    #     support for that is a ways off.  (And anyways, cross
+    #     compilers probably have a dedicated binary with the
+    #     right paths compiled in.  I hope.)
+    #   * can't do really freaky things with the library list/library
+    #     dirs, e.g. "-Ldir1 -lfoo -Ldir2 -lfoo" to link against
+    #     different versions of libfoo.a in different locations.  I
+    #     think this is useless without the ability to null out the
+    #     library search path anyways.
+
+
+    # Subclasses that rely on the standard filename generation methods
+    # implemented below should override these; see the comment near
+    # those methods ('object_filenames()' et. al.) for details:
+    src_extensions = None               # list of strings
+    obj_extension = None                # string
+    static_lib_extension = None
+    shared_lib_extension = None         # string
+    static_lib_format = None            # format string
+    shared_lib_format = None            # prob. same as static_lib_format
+    exe_extension = None                # string
+
+    # Default language settings. language_map is used to detect a source
+    # file or Extension target language, checking source filenames.
+    # language_order is used to detect the language precedence, when deciding
+    # what language to use when mixing source types. For example, if some
+    # extension has two files with ".c" extension, and one with ".cpp", it
+    # is still linked as c++.
+    language_map = {".c"   : "c",
+                    ".cc"  : "c++",
+                    ".cpp" : "c++",
+                    ".cxx" : "c++",
+                    ".m"   : "objc",
+                   }
+    language_order = ["c++", "objc", "c"]
+
+    def __init__(self, verbose=0, dry_run=0, force=0):
+        self.dry_run = dry_run
+        self.force = force
+        self.verbose = verbose
+
+        # 'output_dir': a common output directory for object, library,
+        # shared object, and shared library files
+        self.output_dir = None
+
+        # 'macros': a list of macro definitions (or undefinitions).  A
+        # macro definition is a 2-tuple (name, value), where the value is
+        # either a string or None (no explicit value).  A macro
+        # undefinition is a 1-tuple (name,).
+        self.macros = []
+
+        # 'include_dirs': a list of directories to search for include files
+        self.include_dirs = []
+
+        # 'libraries': a list of libraries to include in any link
+        # (library names, not filenames: eg. "foo" not "libfoo.a")
+        self.libraries = []
+
+        # 'library_dirs': a list of directories to search for libraries
+        self.library_dirs = []
+
+        # 'runtime_library_dirs': a list of directories to search for
+        # shared libraries/objects at runtime
+        self.runtime_library_dirs = []
+
+        # 'objects': a list of object files (or similar, such as explicitly
+        # named library files) to include on any link
+        self.objects = []
+
+        for key in self.executables.keys():
+            self.set_executable(key, self.executables[key])
+
+    def set_executables(self, **kwargs):
+        """Define the executables (and options for them) that will be run
+        to perform the various stages of compilation.  The exact set of
+        executables that may be specified here depends on the compiler
+        class (via the 'executables' class attribute), but most will have:
+          compiler      the C/C++ compiler
+          linker_so     linker used to create shared objects and libraries
+          linker_exe    linker used to create binary executables
+          archiver      static library creator
+
+        On platforms with a command-line (Unix, DOS/Windows), each of these
+        is a string that will be split into executable name and (optional)
+        list of arguments.  (Splitting the string is done similarly to how
+        Unix shells operate: words are delimited by spaces, but quotes and
+        backslashes can override this.  See
+        'distutils.util.split_quoted()'.)
+        """
+
+        # Note that some CCompiler implementation classes will define class
+        # attributes 'cpp', 'cc', etc. with hard-coded executable names;
+        # this is appropriate when a compiler class is for exactly one
+        # compiler/OS combination (eg. MSVCCompiler).  Other compiler
+        # classes (UnixCCompiler, in particular) are driven by information
+        # discovered at run-time, since there are many different ways to do
+        # basically the same things with Unix C compilers.
+
+        for key in kwargs:
+            if key not in self.executables:
+                raise ValueError("unknown executable '%s' for class %s" %
+                      (key, self.__class__.__name__))
+            self.set_executable(key, kwargs[key])
+
+    def set_executable(self, key, value):
+        if isinstance(value, str):
+            setattr(self, key, split_quoted(value))
+        else:
+            setattr(self, key, value)
+
+    def _find_macro(self, name):
+        i = 0
+        for defn in self.macros:
+            if defn[0] == name:
+                return i
+            i += 1
+        return None
+
+    def _check_macro_definitions(self, definitions):
+        """Ensures that every element of 'definitions' is a valid macro
+        definition, ie. either (name,value) 2-tuple or a (name,) tuple.  Do
+        nothing if all definitions are OK, raise TypeError otherwise.
+        """
+        for defn in definitions:
+            if not (isinstance(defn, tuple) and
+                    (len(defn) in (1, 2) and
+                      (isinstance (defn[1], str) or defn[1] is None)) and
+                    isinstance (defn[0], str)):
+                raise TypeError(("invalid macro definition '%s': " % defn) + \
+                      "must be tuple (string,), (string, string), or " + \
+                      "(string, None)")
+
+
+    # -- Bookkeeping methods -------------------------------------------
+
+    def define_macro(self, name, value=None):
+        """Define a preprocessor macro for all compilations driven by this
+        compiler object.  The optional parameter 'value' should be a
+        string; if it is not supplied, then the macro will be defined
+        without an explicit value and the exact outcome depends on the
+        compiler used (XXX true? does ANSI say anything about this?)
+        """
+        # Delete from the list of macro definitions/undefinitions if
+        # already there (so that this one will take precedence).
+        i = self._find_macro (name)
+        if i is not None:
+            del self.macros[i]
+
+        self.macros.append((name, value))
+
+    def undefine_macro(self, name):
+        """Undefine a preprocessor macro for all compilations driven by
+        this compiler object.  If the same macro is defined by
+        'define_macro()' and undefined by 'undefine_macro()' the last call
+        takes precedence (including multiple redefinitions or
+        undefinitions).  If the macro is redefined/undefined on a
+        per-compilation basis (ie. in the call to 'compile()'), then that
+        takes precedence.
+        """
+        # Delete from the list of macro definitions/undefinitions if
+        # already there (so that this one will take precedence).
+        i = self._find_macro (name)
+        if i is not None:
+            del self.macros[i]
+
+        undefn = (name,)
+        self.macros.append(undefn)
+
+    def add_include_dir(self, dir):
+        """Add 'dir' to the list of directories that will be searched for
+        header files.  The compiler is instructed to search directories in
+        the order in which they are supplied by successive calls to
+        'add_include_dir()'.
+        """
+        self.include_dirs.append(dir)
+
+    def set_include_dirs(self, dirs):
+        """Set the list of directories that will be searched to 'dirs' (a
+        list of strings).  Overrides any preceding calls to
+        'add_include_dir()'; subsequence calls to 'add_include_dir()' add
+        to the list passed to 'set_include_dirs()'.  This does not affect
+        any list of standard include directories that the compiler may
+        search by default.
+        """
+        self.include_dirs = dirs[:]
+
+    def add_library(self, libname):
+        """Add 'libname' to the list of libraries that will be included in
+        all links driven by this compiler object.  Note that 'libname'
+        should *not* be the name of a file containing a library, but the
+        name of the library itself: the actual filename will be inferred by
+        the linker, the compiler, or the compiler class (depending on the
+        platform).
+
+        The linker will be instructed to link against libraries in the
+        order they were supplied to 'add_library()' and/or
+        'set_libraries()'.  It is perfectly valid to duplicate library
+        names; the linker will be instructed to link against libraries as
+        many times as they are mentioned.
+        """
+        self.libraries.append(libname)
+
+    def set_libraries(self, libnames):
+        """Set the list of libraries to be included in all links driven by
+        this compiler object to 'libnames' (a list of strings).  This does
+        not affect any standard system libraries that the linker may
+        include by default.
+        """
+        self.libraries = libnames[:]
+
+    def add_library_dir(self, dir):
+        """Add 'dir' to the list of directories that will be searched for
+        libraries specified to 'add_library()' and 'set_libraries()'.  The
+        linker will be instructed to search for libraries in the order they
+        are supplied to 'add_library_dir()' and/or 'set_library_dirs()'.
+        """
+        self.library_dirs.append(dir)
+
+    def set_library_dirs(self, dirs):
+        """Set the list of library search directories to 'dirs' (a list of
+        strings).  This does not affect any standard library search path
+        that the linker may search by default.
+        """
+        self.library_dirs = dirs[:]
+
+    def add_runtime_library_dir(self, dir):
+        """Add 'dir' to the list of directories that will be searched for
+        shared libraries at runtime.
+        """
+        self.runtime_library_dirs.append(dir)
+
+    def set_runtime_library_dirs(self, dirs):
+        """Set the list of directories to search for shared libraries at
+        runtime to 'dirs' (a list of strings).  This does not affect any
+        standard search path that the runtime linker may search by
+        default.
+        """
+        self.runtime_library_dirs = dirs[:]
+
+    def add_link_object(self, object):
+        """Add 'object' to the list of object files (or analogues, such as
+        explicitly named library files or the output of "resource
+        compilers") to be included in every link driven by this compiler
+        object.
+        """
+        self.objects.append(object)
+
+    def set_link_objects(self, objects):
+        """Set the list of object files (or analogues) to be included in
+        every link to 'objects'.  This does not affect any standard object
+        files that the linker may include by default (such as system
+        libraries).
+        """
+        self.objects = objects[:]
+
+
+    # -- Private utility methods --------------------------------------
+    # (here for the convenience of subclasses)
+
+    # Helper method to prep compiler in subclass compile() methods
+
+    def _setup_compile(self, outdir, macros, incdirs, sources, depends,
+                       extra):
+        """Process arguments and decide which source files to compile."""
+        if outdir is None:
+            outdir = self.output_dir
+        elif not isinstance(outdir, str):
+            raise TypeError("'output_dir' must be a string or None")
+
+        if macros is None:
+            macros = self.macros
+        elif isinstance(macros, list):
+            macros = macros + (self.macros or [])
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("'macros' (if supplied) must be a list of tuples")
+
+        if incdirs is None:
+            incdirs = self.include_dirs
+        elif isinstance(incdirs, (list, tuple)):
+            incdirs = list(incdirs) + (self.include_dirs or [])
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                  "'include_dirs' (if supplied) must be a list of strings")
+
+        if extra is None:
+            extra = []
+
+        # Get the list of expected output (object) files
+        objects = self.object_filenames(sources, strip_dir=0,
+                                        output_dir=outdir)
+        assert len(objects) == len(sources)
+
+        pp_opts = gen_preprocess_options(macros, incdirs)
+
+        build = {}
+        for i in range(len(sources)):
+            src = sources[i]
+            obj = objects[i]
+            ext = os.path.splitext(src)[1]
+            self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(obj))
+            build[obj] = (src, ext)
+
+        return macros, objects, extra, pp_opts, build
+
+    def _get_cc_args(self, pp_opts, debug, before):
+        # works for unixccompiler, cygwinccompiler
+        cc_args = pp_opts + ['-c']
+        if debug:
+            cc_args[:0] = ['-g']
+        if before:
+            cc_args[:0] = before
+        return cc_args
+
+    def _fix_compile_args(self, output_dir, macros, include_dirs):
+        """Typecheck and fix-up some of the arguments to the 'compile()'
+        method, and return fixed-up values.  Specifically: if 'output_dir'
+        is None, replaces it with 'self.output_dir'; ensures that 'macros'
+        is a list, and augments it with 'self.macros'; ensures that
+        'include_dirs' is a list, and augments it with 'self.include_dirs'.
+        Guarantees that the returned values are of the correct type,
+        i.e. for 'output_dir' either string or None, and for 'macros' and
+        'include_dirs' either list or None.
+        """
+        if output_dir is None:
+            output_dir = self.output_dir
+        elif not isinstance(output_dir, str):
+            raise TypeError("'output_dir' must be a string or None")
+
+        if macros is None:
+            macros = self.macros
+        elif isinstance(macros, list):
+            macros = macros + (self.macros or [])
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("'macros' (if supplied) must be a list of tuples")
+
+        if include_dirs is None:
+            include_dirs = self.include_dirs
+        elif isinstance(include_dirs, (list, tuple)):
+            include_dirs = list(include_dirs) + (self.include_dirs or [])
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                  "'include_dirs' (if supplied) must be a list of strings")
+
+        return output_dir, macros, include_dirs
+
+    def _prep_compile(self, sources, output_dir, depends=None):
+        """Decide which source files must be recompiled.
+
+        Determine the list of object files corresponding to 'sources',
+        and figure out which ones really need to be recompiled.
+        Return a list of all object files and a dictionary telling
+        which source files can be skipped.
+        """
+        # Get the list of expected output (object) files
+        objects = self.object_filenames(sources, output_dir=output_dir)
+        assert len(objects) == len(sources)
+
+        # Return an empty dict for the "which source files can be skipped"
+        # return value to preserve API compatibility.
+        return objects, {}
+
+    def _fix_object_args(self, objects, output_dir):
+        """Typecheck and fix up some arguments supplied to various methods.
+        Specifically: ensure that 'objects' is a list; if output_dir is
+        None, replace with self.output_dir.  Return fixed versions of
+        'objects' and 'output_dir'.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(objects, (list, tuple)):
+            raise TypeError("'objects' must be a list or tuple of strings")
+        objects = list(objects)
+
+        if output_dir is None:
+            output_dir = self.output_dir
+        elif not isinstance(output_dir, str):
+            raise TypeError("'output_dir' must be a string or None")
+
+        return (objects, output_dir)
+
+    def _fix_lib_args(self, libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs):
+        """Typecheck and fix up some of the arguments supplied to the
+        'link_*' methods.  Specifically: ensure that all arguments are
+        lists, and augment them with their permanent versions
+        (eg. 'self.libraries' augments 'libraries').  Return a tuple with
+        fixed versions of all arguments.
+        """
+        if libraries is None:
+            libraries = self.libraries
+        elif isinstance(libraries, (list, tuple)):
+            libraries = list (libraries) + (self.libraries or [])
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                  "'libraries' (if supplied) must be a list of strings")
+
+        if library_dirs is None:
+            library_dirs = self.library_dirs
+        elif isinstance(library_dirs, (list, tuple)):
+            library_dirs = list (library_dirs) + (self.library_dirs or [])
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                  "'library_dirs' (if supplied) must be a list of strings")
+
+        if runtime_library_dirs is None:
+            runtime_library_dirs = self.runtime_library_dirs
+        elif isinstance(runtime_library_dirs, (list, tuple)):
+            runtime_library_dirs = (list(runtime_library_dirs) +
+                                    (self.runtime_library_dirs or []))
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("'runtime_library_dirs' (if supplied) "
+                            "must be a list of strings")
+
+        return (libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs)
+
+    def _need_link(self, objects, output_file):
+        """Return true if we need to relink the files listed in 'objects'
+        to recreate 'output_file'.
+        """
+        if self.force:
+            return True
+        else:
+            if self.dry_run:
+                newer = newer_group (objects, output_file, missing='newer')
+            else:
+                newer = newer_group (objects, output_file)
+            return newer
+
+    def detect_language(self, sources):
+        """Detect the language of a given file, or list of files. Uses
+        language_map, and language_order to do the job.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(sources, list):
+            sources = [sources]
+        lang = None
+        index = len(self.language_order)
+        for source in sources:
+            base, ext = os.path.splitext(source)
+            extlang = self.language_map.get(ext)
+            try:
+                extindex = self.language_order.index(extlang)
+                if extindex < index:
+                    lang = extlang
+                    index = extindex
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+        return lang
+
+
+    # -- Worker methods ------------------------------------------------
+    # (must be implemented by subclasses)
+
+    def preprocess(self, source, output_file=None, macros=None,
+                   include_dirs=None, extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None):
+        """Preprocess a single C/C++ source file, named in 'source'.
+        Output will be written to file named 'output_file', or stdout if
+        'output_file' not supplied.  'macros' is a list of macro
+        definitions as for 'compile()', which will augment the macros set
+        with 'define_macro()' and 'undefine_macro()'.  'include_dirs' is a
+        list of directory names that will be added to the default list.
+
+        Raises PreprocessError on failure.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def compile(self, sources, output_dir=None, macros=None,
+                include_dirs=None, debug=0, extra_preargs=None,
+                extra_postargs=None, depends=None):
+        """Compile one or more source files.
+
+        'sources' must be a list of filenames, most likely C/C++
+        files, but in reality anything that can be handled by a
+        particular compiler and compiler class (eg. MSVCCompiler can
+        handle resource files in 'sources').  Return a list of object
+        filenames, one per source filename in 'sources'.  Depending on
+        the implementation, not all source files will necessarily be
+        compiled, but all corresponding object filenames will be
+        returned.
+
+        If 'output_dir' is given, object files will be put under it, while
+        retaining their original path component.  That is, "foo/bar.c"
+        normally compiles to "foo/bar.o" (for a Unix implementation); if
+        'output_dir' is "build", then it would compile to
+        "build/foo/bar.o".
+
+        'macros', if given, must be a list of macro definitions.  A macro
+        definition is either a (name, value) 2-tuple or a (name,) 1-tuple.
+        The former defines a macro; if the value is None, the macro is
+        defined without an explicit value.  The 1-tuple case undefines a
+        macro.  Later definitions/redefinitions/ undefinitions take
+        precedence.
+
+        'include_dirs', if given, must be a list of strings, the
+        directories to add to the default include file search path for this
+        compilation only.
+
+        'debug' is a boolean; if true, the compiler will be instructed to
+        output debug symbols in (or alongside) the object file(s).
+
+        'extra_preargs' and 'extra_postargs' are implementation- dependent.
+        On platforms that have the notion of a command-line (e.g. Unix,
+        DOS/Windows), they are most likely lists of strings: extra
+        command-line arguments to prepend/append to the compiler command
+        line.  On other platforms, consult the implementation class
+        documentation.  In any event, they are intended as an escape hatch
+        for those occasions when the abstract compiler framework doesn't
+        cut the mustard.
+
+        'depends', if given, is a list of filenames that all targets
+        depend on.  If a source file is older than any file in
+        depends, then the source file will be recompiled.  This
+        supports dependency tracking, but only at a coarse
+        granularity.
+
+        Raises CompileError on failure.
+        """
+        # A concrete compiler class can either override this method
+        # entirely or implement _compile().
+        macros, objects, extra_postargs, pp_opts, build = \
+                self._setup_compile(output_dir, macros, include_dirs, sources,
+                                    depends, extra_postargs)
+        cc_args = self._get_cc_args(pp_opts, debug, extra_preargs)
+
+        for obj in objects:
+            try:
+                src, ext = build[obj]
+            except KeyError:
+                continue
+            self._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts)
+
+        # Return *all* object filenames, not just the ones we just built.
+        return objects
+
+    def _compile(self, obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts):
+        """Compile 'src' to product 'obj'."""
+        # A concrete compiler class that does not override compile()
+        # should implement _compile().
+        pass
+
+    def create_static_lib(self, objects, output_libname, output_dir=None,
+                          debug=0, target_lang=None):
+        """Link a bunch of stuff together to create a static library file.
+        The "bunch of stuff" consists of the list of object files supplied
+        as 'objects', the extra object files supplied to
+        'add_link_object()' and/or 'set_link_objects()', the libraries
+        supplied to 'add_library()' and/or 'set_libraries()', and the
+        libraries supplied as 'libraries' (if any).
+
+        'output_libname' should be a library name, not a filename; the
+        filename will be inferred from the library name.  'output_dir' is
+        the directory where the library file will be put.
+
+        'debug' is a boolean; if true, debugging information will be
+        included in the library (note that on most platforms, it is the
+        compile step where this matters: the 'debug' flag is included here
+        just for consistency).
+
+        'target_lang' is the target language for which the given objects
+        are being compiled. This allows specific linkage time treatment of
+        certain languages.
+
+        Raises LibError on failure.
+        """
+        pass
+
+
+    # values for target_desc parameter in link()
+    SHARED_OBJECT = "shared_object"
+    SHARED_LIBRARY = "shared_library"
+    EXECUTABLE = "executable"
+
+    def link(self,
+             target_desc,
+             objects,
+             output_filename,
+             output_dir=None,
+             libraries=None,
+             library_dirs=None,
+             runtime_library_dirs=None,
+             export_symbols=None,
+             debug=0,
+             extra_preargs=None,
+             extra_postargs=None,
+             build_temp=None,
+             target_lang=None):
+        """Link a bunch of stuff together to create an executable or
+        shared library file.
+
+        The "bunch of stuff" consists of the list of object files supplied
+        as 'objects'.  'output_filename' should be a filename.  If
+        'output_dir' is supplied, 'output_filename' is relative to it
+        (i.e. 'output_filename' can provide directory components if
+        needed).
+
+        'libraries' is a list of libraries to link against.  These are
+        library names, not filenames, since they're translated into
+        filenames in a platform-specific way (eg. "foo" becomes "libfoo.a"
+        on Unix and "foo.lib" on DOS/Windows).  However, they can include a
+        directory component, which means the linker will look in that
+        specific directory rather than searching all the normal locations.
+
+        'library_dirs', if supplied, should be a list of directories to
+        search for libraries that were specified as bare library names
+        (ie. no directory component).  These are on top of the system
+        default and those supplied to 'add_library_dir()' and/or
+        'set_library_dirs()'.  'runtime_library_dirs' is a list of
+        directories that will be embedded into the shared library and used
+        to search for other shared libraries that *it* depends on at
+        run-time.  (This may only be relevant on Unix.)
+
+        'export_symbols' is a list of symbols that the shared library will
+        export.  (This appears to be relevant only on Windows.)
+
+        'debug' is as for 'compile()' and 'create_static_lib()', with the
+        slight distinction that it actually matters on most platforms (as
+        opposed to 'create_static_lib()', which includes a 'debug' flag
+        mostly for form's sake).
+
+        'extra_preargs' and 'extra_postargs' are as for 'compile()' (except
+        of course that they supply command-line arguments for the
+        particular linker being used).
+
+        'target_lang' is the target language for which the given objects
+        are being compiled. This allows specific linkage time treatment of
+        certain languages.
+
+        Raises LinkError on failure.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+    # Old 'link_*()' methods, rewritten to use the new 'link()' method.
+
+    def link_shared_lib(self,
+                        objects,
+                        output_libname,
+                        output_dir=None,
+                        libraries=None,
+                        library_dirs=None,
+                        runtime_library_dirs=None,
+                        export_symbols=None,
+                        debug=0,
+                        extra_preargs=None,
+                        extra_postargs=None,
+                        build_temp=None,
+                        target_lang=None):
+        self.link(CCompiler.SHARED_LIBRARY, objects,
+                  self.library_filename(output_libname, lib_type='shared'),
+                  output_dir,
+                  libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs,
+                  export_symbols, debug,
+                  extra_preargs, extra_postargs, build_temp, target_lang)
+
+
+    def link_shared_object(self,
+                           objects,
+                           output_filename,
+                           output_dir=None,
+                           libraries=None,
+                           library_dirs=None,
+                           runtime_library_dirs=None,
+                           export_symbols=None,
+                           debug=0,
+                           extra_preargs=None,
+                           extra_postargs=None,
+                           build_temp=None,
+                           target_lang=None):
+        self.link(CCompiler.SHARED_OBJECT, objects,
+                  output_filename, output_dir,
+                  libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs,
+                  export_symbols, debug,
+                  extra_preargs, extra_postargs, build_temp, target_lang)
+
+
+    def link_executable(self,
+                        objects,
+                        output_progname,
+                        output_dir=None,
+                        libraries=None,
+                        library_dirs=None,
+                        runtime_library_dirs=None,
+                        debug=0,
+                        extra_preargs=None,
+                        extra_postargs=None,
+                        target_lang=None):
+        self.link(CCompiler.EXECUTABLE, objects,
+                  self.executable_filename(output_progname), output_dir,
+                  libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs, None,
+                  debug, extra_preargs, extra_postargs, None, target_lang)
+
+
+    # -- Miscellaneous methods -----------------------------------------
+    # These are all used by the 'gen_lib_options() function; there is
+    # no appropriate default implementation so subclasses should
+    # implement all of these.
+
+    def library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        """Return the compiler option to add 'dir' to the list of
+        directories searched for libraries.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def runtime_library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        """Return the compiler option to add 'dir' to the list of
+        directories searched for runtime libraries.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def library_option(self, lib):
+        """Return the compiler option to add 'lib' to the list of libraries
+        linked into the shared library or executable.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def has_function(self, funcname, includes=None, include_dirs=None,
+                     libraries=None, library_dirs=None):
+        """Return a boolean indicating whether funcname is supported on
+        the current platform.  The optional arguments can be used to
+        augment the compilation environment.
+        """
+        # this can't be included at module scope because it tries to
+        # import math which might not be available at that point - maybe
+        # the necessary logic should just be inlined?
+        import tempfile
+        if includes is None:
+            includes = []
+        if include_dirs is None:
+            include_dirs = []
+        if libraries is None:
+            libraries = []
+        if library_dirs is None:
+            library_dirs = []
+        fd, fname = tempfile.mkstemp(".c", funcname, text=True)
+        f = os.fdopen(fd, "w")
+        try:
+            for incl in includes:
+                f.write("""#include "%s"\n""" % incl)
+            f.write("""\
+int main (int argc, char **argv) {
+    %s();
+    return 0;
+}
+""" % funcname)
+        finally:
+            f.close()
+        try:
+            objects = self.compile([fname], include_dirs=include_dirs)
+        except CompileError:
+            return False
+        finally:
+            os.remove(fname)
+
+        try:
+            self.link_executable(objects, "a.out",
+                                 libraries=libraries,
+                                 library_dirs=library_dirs)
+        except (LinkError, TypeError):
+            return False
+        else:
+            os.remove(os.path.join(self.output_dir or '', "a.out"))
+        finally:
+            for fn in objects:
+                os.remove(fn)
+        return True
+
+    def find_library_file (self, dirs, lib, debug=0):
+        """Search the specified list of directories for a static or shared
+        library file 'lib' and return the full path to that file.  If
+        'debug' true, look for a debugging version (if that makes sense on
+        the current platform).  Return None if 'lib' wasn't found in any of
+        the specified directories.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    # -- Filename generation methods -----------------------------------
+
+    # The default implementation of the filename generating methods are
+    # prejudiced towards the Unix/DOS/Windows view of the world:
+    #   * object files are named by replacing the source file extension
+    #     (eg. .c/.cpp -> .o/.obj)
+    #   * library files (shared or static) are named by plugging the
+    #     library name and extension into a format string, eg.
+    #     "lib%s.%s" % (lib_name, ".a") for Unix static libraries
+    #   * executables are named by appending an extension (possibly
+    #     empty) to the program name: eg. progname + ".exe" for
+    #     Windows
+    #
+    # To reduce redundant code, these methods expect to find
+    # several attributes in the current object (presumably defined
+    # as class attributes):
+    #   * src_extensions -
+    #     list of C/C++ source file extensions, eg. ['.c', '.cpp']
+    #   * obj_extension -
+    #     object file extension, eg. '.o' or '.obj'
+    #   * static_lib_extension -
+    #     extension for static library files, eg. '.a' or '.lib'
+    #   * shared_lib_extension -
+    #     extension for shared library/object files, eg. '.so', '.dll'
+    #   * static_lib_format -
+    #     format string for generating static library filenames,
+    #     eg. 'lib%s.%s' or '%s.%s'
+    #   * shared_lib_format
+    #     format string for generating shared library filenames
+    #     (probably same as static_lib_format, since the extension
+    #     is one of the intended parameters to the format string)
+    #   * exe_extension -
+    #     extension for executable files, eg. '' or '.exe'
+
+    def object_filenames(self, source_filenames, strip_dir=0, output_dir=''):
+        if output_dir is None:
+            output_dir = ''
+        obj_names = []
+        for src_name in source_filenames:
+            base, ext = os.path.splitext(src_name)
+            base = os.path.splitdrive(base)[1] # Chop off the drive
+            base = base[os.path.isabs(base):]  # If abs, chop off leading /
+            if ext not in self.src_extensions:
+                raise UnknownFileError(
+                      "unknown file type '%s' (from '%s')" % (ext, src_name))
+            if strip_dir:
+                base = os.path.basename(base)
+            obj_names.append(os.path.join(output_dir,
+                                          base + self.obj_extension))
+        return obj_names
+
+    def shared_object_filename(self, basename, strip_dir=0, output_dir=''):
+        assert output_dir is not None
+        if strip_dir:
+            basename = os.path.basename(basename)
+        return os.path.join(output_dir, basename + self.shared_lib_extension)
+
+    def executable_filename(self, basename, strip_dir=0, output_dir=''):
+        assert output_dir is not None
+        if strip_dir:
+            basename = os.path.basename(basename)
+        return os.path.join(output_dir, basename + (self.exe_extension or ''))
+
+    def library_filename(self, libname, lib_type='static',     # or 'shared'
+                         strip_dir=0, output_dir=''):
+        assert output_dir is not None
+        if lib_type not in ("static", "shared", "dylib", "xcode_stub"):
+            raise ValueError(
+                  "'lib_type' must be \"static\", \"shared\", \"dylib\", or \"xcode_stub\"")
+        fmt = getattr(self, lib_type + "_lib_format")
+        ext = getattr(self, lib_type + "_lib_extension")
+
+        dir, base = os.path.split(libname)
+        filename = fmt % (base, ext)
+        if strip_dir:
+            dir = ''
+
+        return os.path.join(output_dir, dir, filename)
+
+
+    # -- Utility methods -----------------------------------------------
+
+    def announce(self, msg, level=1):
+        log.debug(msg)
+
+    def debug_print(self, msg):
+        from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+        if DEBUG:
+            print(msg)
+
+    def warn(self, msg):
+        sys.stderr.write("warning: %s\n" % msg)
+
+    def execute(self, func, args, msg=None, level=1):
+        execute(func, args, msg, self.dry_run)
+
+    def spawn(self, cmd, **kwargs):
+        spawn(cmd, dry_run=self.dry_run, **kwargs)
+
+    def move_file(self, src, dst):
+        return move_file(src, dst, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def mkpath (self, name, mode=0o777):
+        mkpath(name, mode, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+
+# Map a sys.platform/os.name ('posix', 'nt') to the default compiler
+# type for that platform. Keys are interpreted as re match
+# patterns. Order is important; platform mappings are preferred over
+# OS names.
+_default_compilers = (
+
+    # Platform string mappings
+
+    # on a cygwin built python we can use gcc like an ordinary UNIXish
+    # compiler
+    ('cygwin.*', 'unix'),
+
+    # OS name mappings
+    ('posix', 'unix'),
+    ('nt', 'msvc'),
+
+    )
+
+def get_default_compiler(osname=None, platform=None):
+    """Determine the default compiler to use for the given platform.
+
+       osname should be one of the standard Python OS names (i.e. the
+       ones returned by os.name) and platform the common value
+       returned by sys.platform for the platform in question.
+
+       The default values are os.name and sys.platform in case the
+       parameters are not given.
+    """
+    if osname is None:
+        osname = os.name
+    if platform is None:
+        platform = sys.platform
+    for pattern, compiler in _default_compilers:
+        if re.match(pattern, platform) is not None or \
+           re.match(pattern, osname) is not None:
+            return compiler
+    # Default to Unix compiler
+    return 'unix'
+
+# Map compiler types to (module_name, class_name) pairs -- ie. where to
+# find the code that implements an interface to this compiler.  (The module
+# is assumed to be in the 'distutils' package.)
+compiler_class = { 'unix':    ('unixccompiler', 'UnixCCompiler',
+                               "standard UNIX-style compiler"),
+                   'msvc':    ('_msvccompiler', 'MSVCCompiler',
+                               "Microsoft Visual C++"),
+                   'cygwin':  ('cygwinccompiler', 'CygwinCCompiler',
+                               "Cygwin port of GNU C Compiler for Win32"),
+                   'mingw32': ('cygwinccompiler', 'Mingw32CCompiler',
+                               "Mingw32 port of GNU C Compiler for Win32"),
+                   'bcpp':    ('bcppcompiler', 'BCPPCompiler',
+                               "Borland C++ Compiler"),
+                 }
+
+def show_compilers():
+    """Print list of available compilers (used by the "--help-compiler"
+    options to "build", "build_ext", "build_clib").
+    """
+    # XXX this "knows" that the compiler option it's describing is
+    # "--compiler", which just happens to be the case for the three
+    # commands that use it.
+    from distutils.fancy_getopt import FancyGetopt
+    compilers = []
+    for compiler in compiler_class.keys():
+        compilers.append(("compiler="+compiler, None,
+                          compiler_class[compiler][2]))
+    compilers.sort()
+    pretty_printer = FancyGetopt(compilers)
+    pretty_printer.print_help("List of available compilers:")
+
+
+def new_compiler(plat=None, compiler=None, verbose=0, dry_run=0, force=0):
+    """Generate an instance of some CCompiler subclass for the supplied
+    platform/compiler combination.  'plat' defaults to 'os.name'
+    (eg. 'posix', 'nt'), and 'compiler' defaults to the default compiler
+    for that platform.  Currently only 'posix' and 'nt' are supported, and
+    the default compilers are "traditional Unix interface" (UnixCCompiler
+    class) and Visual C++ (MSVCCompiler class).  Note that it's perfectly
+    possible to ask for a Unix compiler object under Windows, and a
+    Microsoft compiler object under Unix -- if you supply a value for
+    'compiler', 'plat' is ignored.
+    """
+    if plat is None:
+        plat = os.name
+
+    try:
+        if compiler is None:
+            compiler = get_default_compiler(plat)
+
+        (module_name, class_name, long_description) = compiler_class[compiler]
+    except KeyError:
+        msg = "don't know how to compile C/C++ code on platform '%s'" % plat
+        if compiler is not None:
+            msg = msg + " with '%s' compiler" % compiler
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError(msg)
+
+    try:
+        module_name = "distutils." + module_name
+        __import__ (module_name)
+        module = sys.modules[module_name]
+        klass = vars(module)[class_name]
+    except ImportError:
+        raise DistutilsModuleError(
+              "can't compile C/C++ code: unable to load module '%s'" % \
+              module_name)
+    except KeyError:
+        raise DistutilsModuleError(
+               "can't compile C/C++ code: unable to find class '%s' "
+               "in module '%s'" % (class_name, module_name))
+
+    # XXX The None is necessary to preserve backwards compatibility
+    # with classes that expect verbose to be the first positional
+    # argument.
+    return klass(None, dry_run, force)
+
+
+def gen_preprocess_options(macros, include_dirs):
+    """Generate C pre-processor options (-D, -U, -I) as used by at least
+    two types of compilers: the typical Unix compiler and Visual C++.
+    'macros' is the usual thing, a list of 1- or 2-tuples, where (name,)
+    means undefine (-U) macro 'name', and (name,value) means define (-D)
+    macro 'name' to 'value'.  'include_dirs' is just a list of directory
+    names to be added to the header file search path (-I).  Returns a list
+    of command-line options suitable for either Unix compilers or Visual
+    C++.
+    """
+    # XXX it would be nice (mainly aesthetic, and so we don't generate
+    # stupid-looking command lines) to go over 'macros' and eliminate
+    # redundant definitions/undefinitions (ie. ensure that only the
+    # latest mention of a particular macro winds up on the command
+    # line).  I don't think it's essential, though, since most (all?)
+    # Unix C compilers only pay attention to the latest -D or -U
+    # mention of a macro on their command line.  Similar situation for
+    # 'include_dirs'.  I'm punting on both for now.  Anyways, weeding out
+    # redundancies like this should probably be the province of
+    # CCompiler, since the data structures used are inherited from it
+    # and therefore common to all CCompiler classes.
+    pp_opts = []
+    for macro in macros:
+        if not (isinstance(macro, tuple) and 1 <= len(macro) <= 2):
+            raise TypeError(
+                  "bad macro definition '%s': "
+                  "each element of 'macros' list must be a 1- or 2-tuple"
+                  % macro)
+
+        if len(macro) == 1:        # undefine this macro
+            pp_opts.append("-U%s" % macro[0])
+        elif len(macro) == 2:
+            if macro[1] is None:    # define with no explicit value
+                pp_opts.append("-D%s" % macro[0])
+            else:
+                # XXX *don't* need to be clever about quoting the
+                # macro value here, because we're going to avoid the
+                # shell at all costs when we spawn the command!
+                pp_opts.append("-D%s=%s" % macro)
+
+    for dir in include_dirs:
+        pp_opts.append("-I%s" % dir)
+    return pp_opts
+
+
+def gen_lib_options (compiler, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs, libraries):
+    """Generate linker options for searching library directories and
+    linking with specific libraries.  'libraries' and 'library_dirs' are,
+    respectively, lists of library names (not filenames!) and search
+    directories.  Returns a list of command-line options suitable for use
+    with some compiler (depending on the two format strings passed in).
+    """
+    lib_opts = []
+
+    for dir in library_dirs:
+        lib_opts.append(compiler.library_dir_option(dir))
+
+    for dir in runtime_library_dirs:
+        opt = compiler.runtime_library_dir_option(dir)
+        if isinstance(opt, list):
+            lib_opts = lib_opts + opt
+        else:
+            lib_opts.append(opt)
+
+    # XXX it's important that we *not* remove redundant library mentions!
+    # sometimes you really do have to say "-lfoo -lbar -lfoo" in order to
+    # resolve all symbols.  I just hope we never have to say "-lfoo obj.o
+    # -lbar" to get things to work -- that's certainly a possibility, but a
+    # pretty nasty way to arrange your C code.
+
+    for lib in libraries:
+        (lib_dir, lib_name) = os.path.split(lib)
+        if lib_dir:
+            lib_file = compiler.find_library_file([lib_dir], lib_name)
+            if lib_file:
+                lib_opts.append(lib_file)
+            else:
+                compiler.warn("no library file corresponding to "
+                              "'%s' found (skipping)" % lib)
+        else:
+            lib_opts.append(compiler.library_option (lib))
+    return lib_opts
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dba3191
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py
@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+"""distutils.cmd
+
+Provides the Command class, the base class for the command classes
+in the distutils.command package.
+"""
+
+import sys, os, re
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+from distutils import util, dir_util, file_util, archive_util, dep_util
+from distutils import log
+
+class Command:
+    """Abstract base class for defining command classes, the "worker bees"
+    of the Distutils.  A useful analogy for command classes is to think of
+    them as subroutines with local variables called "options".  The options
+    are "declared" in 'initialize_options()' and "defined" (given their
+    final values, aka "finalized") in 'finalize_options()', both of which
+    must be defined by every command class.  The distinction between the
+    two is necessary because option values might come from the outside
+    world (command line, config file, ...), and any options dependent on
+    other options must be computed *after* these outside influences have
+    been processed -- hence 'finalize_options()'.  The "body" of the
+    subroutine, where it does all its work based on the values of its
+    options, is the 'run()' method, which must also be implemented by every
+    command class.
+    """
+
+    # 'sub_commands' formalizes the notion of a "family" of commands,
+    # eg. "install" as the parent with sub-commands "install_lib",
+    # "install_headers", etc.  The parent of a family of commands
+    # defines 'sub_commands' as a class attribute; it's a list of
+    #    (command_name : string, predicate : unbound_method | string | None)
+    # tuples, where 'predicate' is a method of the parent command that
+    # determines whether the corresponding command is applicable in the
+    # current situation.  (Eg. we "install_headers" is only applicable if
+    # we have any C header files to install.)  If 'predicate' is None,
+    # that command is always applicable.
+    #
+    # 'sub_commands' is usually defined at the *end* of a class, because
+    # predicates can be unbound methods, so they must already have been
+    # defined.  The canonical example is the "install" command.
+    sub_commands = []
+
+
+    # -- Creation/initialization methods -------------------------------
+
+    def __init__(self, dist):
+        """Create and initialize a new Command object.  Most importantly,
+        invokes the 'initialize_options()' method, which is the real
+        initializer and depends on the actual command being
+        instantiated.
+        """
+        # late import because of mutual dependence between these classes
+        from distutils.dist import Distribution
+
+        if not isinstance(dist, Distribution):
+            raise TypeError("dist must be a Distribution instance")
+        if self.__class__ is Command:
+            raise RuntimeError("Command is an abstract class")
+
+        self.distribution = dist
+        self.initialize_options()
+
+        # Per-command versions of the global flags, so that the user can
+        # customize Distutils' behaviour command-by-command and let some
+        # commands fall back on the Distribution's behaviour.  None means
+        # "not defined, check self.distribution's copy", while 0 or 1 mean
+        # false and true (duh).  Note that this means figuring out the real
+        # value of each flag is a touch complicated -- hence "self._dry_run"
+        # will be handled by __getattr__, below.
+        # XXX This needs to be fixed.
+        self._dry_run = None
+
+        # verbose is largely ignored, but needs to be set for
+        # backwards compatibility (I think)?
+        self.verbose = dist.verbose
+
+        # Some commands define a 'self.force' option to ignore file
+        # timestamps, but methods defined *here* assume that
+        # 'self.force' exists for all commands.  So define it here
+        # just to be safe.
+        self.force = None
+
+        # The 'help' flag is just used for command-line parsing, so
+        # none of that complicated bureaucracy is needed.
+        self.help = 0
+
+        # 'finalized' records whether or not 'finalize_options()' has been
+        # called.  'finalize_options()' itself should not pay attention to
+        # this flag: it is the business of 'ensure_finalized()', which
+        # always calls 'finalize_options()', to respect/update it.
+        self.finalized = 0
+
+    # XXX A more explicit way to customize dry_run would be better.
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        if attr == 'dry_run':
+            myval = getattr(self, "_" + attr)
+            if myval is None:
+                return getattr(self.distribution, attr)
+            else:
+                return myval
+        else:
+            raise AttributeError(attr)
+
+    def ensure_finalized(self):
+        if not self.finalized:
+            self.finalize_options()
+        self.finalized = 1
+
+    # Subclasses must define:
+    #   initialize_options()
+    #     provide default values for all options; may be customized by
+    #     setup script, by options from config file(s), or by command-line
+    #     options
+    #   finalize_options()
+    #     decide on the final values for all options; this is called
+    #     after all possible intervention from the outside world
+    #     (command-line, option file, etc.) has been processed
+    #   run()
+    #     run the command: do whatever it is we're here to do,
+    #     controlled by the command's various option values
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        """Set default values for all the options that this command
+        supports.  Note that these defaults may be overridden by other
+        commands, by the setup script, by config files, or by the
+        command-line.  Thus, this is not the place to code dependencies
+        between options; generally, 'initialize_options()' implementations
+        are just a bunch of "self.foo = None" assignments.
+
+        This method must be implemented by all command classes.
+        """
+        raise RuntimeError("abstract method -- subclass %s must override"
+                           % self.__class__)
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        """Set final values for all the options that this command supports.
+        This is always called as late as possible, ie.  after any option
+        assignments from the command-line or from other commands have been
+        done.  Thus, this is the place to code option dependencies: if
+        'foo' depends on 'bar', then it is safe to set 'foo' from 'bar' as
+        long as 'foo' still has the same value it was assigned in
+        'initialize_options()'.
+
+        This method must be implemented by all command classes.
+        """
+        raise RuntimeError("abstract method -- subclass %s must override"
+                           % self.__class__)
+
+
+    def dump_options(self, header=None, indent=""):
+        from distutils.fancy_getopt import longopt_xlate
+        if header is None:
+            header = "command options for '%s':" % self.get_command_name()
+        self.announce(indent + header, level=log.INFO)
+        indent = indent + "  "
+        for (option, _, _) in self.user_options:
+            option = option.translate(longopt_xlate)
+            if option[-1] == "=":
+                option = option[:-1]
+            value = getattr(self, option)
+            self.announce(indent + "%s = %s" % (option, value),
+                          level=log.INFO)
+
+    def run(self):
+        """A command's raison d'etre: carry out the action it exists to
+        perform, controlled by the options initialized in
+        'initialize_options()', customized by other commands, the setup
+        script, the command-line, and config files, and finalized in
+        'finalize_options()'.  All terminal output and filesystem
+        interaction should be done by 'run()'.
+
+        This method must be implemented by all command classes.
+        """
+        raise RuntimeError("abstract method -- subclass %s must override"
+                           % self.__class__)
+
+    def announce(self, msg, level=1):
+        """If the current verbosity level is of greater than or equal to
+        'level' print 'msg' to stdout.
+        """
+        log.log(level, msg)
+
+    def debug_print(self, msg):
+        """Print 'msg' to stdout if the global DEBUG (taken from the
+        DISTUTILS_DEBUG environment variable) flag is true.
+        """
+        from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+        if DEBUG:
+            print(msg)
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+
+
+    # -- Option validation methods -------------------------------------
+    # (these are very handy in writing the 'finalize_options()' method)
+    #
+    # NB. the general philosophy here is to ensure that a particular option
+    # value meets certain type and value constraints.  If not, we try to
+    # force it into conformance (eg. if we expect a list but have a string,
+    # split the string on comma and/or whitespace).  If we can't force the
+    # option into conformance, raise DistutilsOptionError.  Thus, command
+    # classes need do nothing more than (eg.)
+    #   self.ensure_string_list('foo')
+    # and they can be guaranteed that thereafter, self.foo will be
+    # a list of strings.
+
+    def _ensure_stringlike(self, option, what, default=None):
+        val = getattr(self, option)
+        if val is None:
+            setattr(self, option, default)
+            return default
+        elif not isinstance(val, str):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("'%s' must be a %s (got `%s`)"
+                                       % (option, what, val))
+        return val
+
+    def ensure_string(self, option, default=None):
+        """Ensure that 'option' is a string; if not defined, set it to
+        'default'.
+        """
+        self._ensure_stringlike(option, "string", default)
+
+    def ensure_string_list(self, option):
+        r"""Ensure that 'option' is a list of strings.  If 'option' is
+        currently a string, we split it either on /,\s*/ or /\s+/, so
+        "foo bar baz", "foo,bar,baz", and "foo,   bar baz" all become
+        ["foo", "bar", "baz"].
+        """
+        val = getattr(self, option)
+        if val is None:
+            return
+        elif isinstance(val, str):
+            setattr(self, option, re.split(r',\s*|\s+', val))
+        else:
+            if isinstance(val, list):
+                ok = all(isinstance(v, str) for v in val)
+            else:
+                ok = False
+            if not ok:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                      "'%s' must be a list of strings (got %r)"
+                      % (option, val))
+
+    def _ensure_tested_string(self, option, tester, what, error_fmt,
+                              default=None):
+        val = self._ensure_stringlike(option, what, default)
+        if val is not None and not tester(val):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(("error in '%s' option: " + error_fmt)
+                                       % (option, val))
+
+    def ensure_filename(self, option):
+        """Ensure that 'option' is the name of an existing file."""
+        self._ensure_tested_string(option, os.path.isfile,
+                                   "filename",
+                                   "'%s' does not exist or is not a file")
+
+    def ensure_dirname(self, option):
+        self._ensure_tested_string(option, os.path.isdir,
+                                   "directory name",
+                                   "'%s' does not exist or is not a directory")
+
+
+    # -- Convenience methods for commands ------------------------------
+
+    def get_command_name(self):
+        if hasattr(self, 'command_name'):
+            return self.command_name
+        else:
+            return self.__class__.__name__
+
+    def set_undefined_options(self, src_cmd, *option_pairs):
+        """Set the values of any "undefined" options from corresponding
+        option values in some other command object.  "Undefined" here means
+        "is None", which is the convention used to indicate that an option
+        has not been changed between 'initialize_options()' and
+        'finalize_options()'.  Usually called from 'finalize_options()' for
+        options that depend on some other command rather than another
+        option of the same command.  'src_cmd' is the other command from
+        which option values will be taken (a command object will be created
+        for it if necessary); the remaining arguments are
+        '(src_option,dst_option)' tuples which mean "take the value of
+        'src_option' in the 'src_cmd' command object, and copy it to
+        'dst_option' in the current command object".
+        """
+        # Option_pairs: list of (src_option, dst_option) tuples
+        src_cmd_obj = self.distribution.get_command_obj(src_cmd)
+        src_cmd_obj.ensure_finalized()
+        for (src_option, dst_option) in option_pairs:
+            if getattr(self, dst_option) is None:
+                setattr(self, dst_option, getattr(src_cmd_obj, src_option))
+
+    def get_finalized_command(self, command, create=1):
+        """Wrapper around Distribution's 'get_command_obj()' method: find
+        (create if necessary and 'create' is true) the command object for
+        'command', call its 'ensure_finalized()' method, and return the
+        finalized command object.
+        """
+        cmd_obj = self.distribution.get_command_obj(command, create)
+        cmd_obj.ensure_finalized()
+        return cmd_obj
+
+    # XXX rename to 'get_reinitialized_command()'? (should do the
+    # same in dist.py, if so)
+    def reinitialize_command(self, command, reinit_subcommands=0):
+        return self.distribution.reinitialize_command(command,
+                                                      reinit_subcommands)
+
+    def run_command(self, command):
+        """Run some other command: uses the 'run_command()' method of
+        Distribution, which creates and finalizes the command object if
+        necessary and then invokes its 'run()' method.
+        """
+        self.distribution.run_command(command)
+
+    def get_sub_commands(self):
+        """Determine the sub-commands that are relevant in the current
+        distribution (ie., that need to be run).  This is based on the
+        'sub_commands' class attribute: each tuple in that list may include
+        a method that we call to determine if the subcommand needs to be
+        run for the current distribution.  Return a list of command names.
+        """
+        commands = []
+        for (cmd_name, method) in self.sub_commands:
+            if method is None or method(self):
+                commands.append(cmd_name)
+        return commands
+
+
+    # -- External world manipulation -----------------------------------
+
+    def warn(self, msg):
+        log.warn("warning: %s: %s\n", self.get_command_name(), msg)
+
+    def execute(self, func, args, msg=None, level=1):
+        util.execute(func, args, msg, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def mkpath(self, name, mode=0o777):
+        dir_util.mkpath(name, mode, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def copy_file(self, infile, outfile, preserve_mode=1, preserve_times=1,
+                  link=None, level=1):
+        """Copy a file respecting verbose, dry-run and force flags.  (The
+        former two default to whatever is in the Distribution object, and
+        the latter defaults to false for commands that don't define it.)"""
+        return file_util.copy_file(infile, outfile, preserve_mode,
+                                   preserve_times, not self.force, link,
+                                   dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def copy_tree(self, infile, outfile, preserve_mode=1, preserve_times=1,
+                   preserve_symlinks=0, level=1):
+        """Copy an entire directory tree respecting verbose, dry-run,
+        and force flags.
+        """
+        return dir_util.copy_tree(infile, outfile, preserve_mode,
+                                  preserve_times, preserve_symlinks,
+                                  not self.force, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def move_file (self, src, dst, level=1):
+        """Move a file respecting dry-run flag."""
+        return file_util.move_file(src, dst, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def spawn(self, cmd, search_path=1, level=1):
+        """Spawn an external command respecting dry-run flag."""
+        from distutils.spawn import spawn
+        spawn(cmd, search_path, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def make_archive(self, base_name, format, root_dir=None, base_dir=None,
+                     owner=None, group=None):
+        return archive_util.make_archive(base_name, format, root_dir, base_dir,
+                                         dry_run=self.dry_run,
+                                         owner=owner, group=group)
+
+    def make_file(self, infiles, outfile, func, args,
+                  exec_msg=None, skip_msg=None, level=1):
+        """Special case of 'execute()' for operations that process one or
+        more input files and generate one output file.  Works just like
+        'execute()', except the operation is skipped and a different
+        message printed if 'outfile' already exists and is newer than all
+        files listed in 'infiles'.  If the command defined 'self.force',
+        and it is true, then the command is unconditionally run -- does no
+        timestamp checks.
+        """
+        if skip_msg is None:
+            skip_msg = "skipping %s (inputs unchanged)" % outfile
+
+        # Allow 'infiles' to be a single string
+        if isinstance(infiles, str):
+            infiles = (infiles,)
+        elif not isinstance(infiles, (list, tuple)):
+            raise TypeError(
+                  "'infiles' must be a string, or a list or tuple of strings")
+
+        if exec_msg is None:
+            exec_msg = "generating %s from %s" % (outfile, ', '.join(infiles))
+
+        # If 'outfile' must be regenerated (either because it doesn't
+        # exist, is out-of-date, or the 'force' flag is true) then
+        # perform the action that presumably regenerates it
+        if self.force or dep_util.newer_group(infiles, outfile):
+            self.execute(func, args, exec_msg, level)
+        # Otherwise, print the "skip" message
+        else:
+            log.debug(skip_msg)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..481eea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""distutils.command
+
+Package containing implementation of all the standard Distutils
+commands."""
+
+__all__ = ['build',
+           'build_py',
+           'build_ext',
+           'build_clib',
+           'build_scripts',
+           'clean',
+           'install',
+           'install_lib',
+           'install_headers',
+           'install_scripts',
+           'install_data',
+           'sdist',
+           'register',
+           'bdist',
+           'bdist_dumb',
+           'bdist_rpm',
+           'bdist_wininst',
+           'check',
+           'upload',
+           # These two are reserved for future use:
+           #'bdist_sdux',
+           #'bdist_pkgtool',
+           # Note:
+           # bdist_packager is not included because it only provides
+           # an abstract base class
+          ]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..014871d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+"""distutils.command.bdist
+
+Implements the Distutils 'bdist' command (create a built [binary]
+distribution)."""
+
+import os
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+
+
+def show_formats():
+    """Print list of available formats (arguments to "--format" option).
+    """
+    from distutils.fancy_getopt import FancyGetopt
+    formats = []
+    for format in bdist.format_commands:
+        formats.append(("formats=" + format, None,
+                        bdist.format_command[format][1]))
+    pretty_printer = FancyGetopt(formats)
+    pretty_printer.print_help("List of available distribution formats:")
+
+
+class bdist(Command):
+
+    description = "create a built (binary) distribution"
+
+    user_options = [('bdist-base=', 'b',
+                     "temporary directory for creating built distributions"),
+                    ('plat-name=', 'p',
+                     "platform name to embed in generated filenames "
+                     "(default: %s)" % get_platform()),
+                    ('formats=', None,
+                     "formats for distribution (comma-separated list)"),
+                    ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+                     "directory to put final built distributions in "
+                     "[default: dist]"),
+                    ('skip-build', None,
+                     "skip rebuilding everything (for testing/debugging)"),
+                    ('owner=', 'u',
+                     "Owner name used when creating a tar file"
+                     " [default: current user]"),
+                    ('group=', 'g',
+                     "Group name used when creating a tar file"
+                     " [default: current group]"),
+                   ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['skip-build']
+
+    help_options = [
+        ('help-formats', None,
+         "lists available distribution formats", show_formats),
+        ]
+
+    # The following commands do not take a format option from bdist
+    no_format_option = ('bdist_rpm',)
+
+    # This won't do in reality: will need to distinguish RPM-ish Linux,
+    # Debian-ish Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD, ..., Windows, Mac OS.
+    default_format = {'posix': 'gztar',
+                      'nt': 'zip'}
+
+    # Establish the preferred order (for the --help-formats option).
+    format_commands = ['rpm', 'gztar', 'bztar', 'xztar', 'ztar', 'tar',
+                       'wininst', 'zip', 'msi']
+
+    # And the real information.
+    format_command = {'rpm':   ('bdist_rpm',  "RPM distribution"),
+                      'gztar': ('bdist_dumb', "gzip'ed tar file"),
+                      'bztar': ('bdist_dumb', "bzip2'ed tar file"),
+                      'xztar': ('bdist_dumb', "xz'ed tar file"),
+                      'ztar':  ('bdist_dumb', "compressed tar file"),
+                      'tar':   ('bdist_dumb', "tar file"),
+                      'wininst': ('bdist_wininst',
+                                  "Windows executable installer"),
+                      'zip':   ('bdist_dumb', "ZIP file"),
+                      'msi':   ('bdist_msi',  "Microsoft Installer")
+                      }
+
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.bdist_base = None
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.formats = None
+        self.dist_dir = None
+        self.skip_build = 0
+        self.group = None
+        self.owner = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        # have to finalize 'plat_name' before 'bdist_base'
+        if self.plat_name is None:
+            if self.skip_build:
+                self.plat_name = get_platform()
+            else:
+                self.plat_name = self.get_finalized_command('build').plat_name
+
+        # 'bdist_base' -- parent of per-built-distribution-format
+        # temporary directories (eg. we'll probably have
+        # "build/bdist.<plat>/dumb", "build/bdist.<plat>/rpm", etc.)
+        if self.bdist_base is None:
+            build_base = self.get_finalized_command('build').build_base
+            self.bdist_base = os.path.join(build_base,
+                                           'bdist.' + self.plat_name)
+
+        self.ensure_string_list('formats')
+        if self.formats is None:
+            try:
+                self.formats = [self.default_format[os.name]]
+            except KeyError:
+                raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+                      "don't know how to create built distributions "
+                      "on platform %s" % os.name)
+
+        if self.dist_dir is None:
+            self.dist_dir = "dist"
+
+    def run(self):
+        # Figure out which sub-commands we need to run.
+        commands = []
+        for format in self.formats:
+            try:
+                commands.append(self.format_command[format][0])
+            except KeyError:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError("invalid format '%s'" % format)
+
+        # Reinitialize and run each command.
+        for i in range(len(self.formats)):
+            cmd_name = commands[i]
+            sub_cmd = self.reinitialize_command(cmd_name)
+            if cmd_name not in self.no_format_option:
+                sub_cmd.format = self.formats[i]
+
+            # passing the owner and group names for tar archiving
+            if cmd_name == 'bdist_dumb':
+                sub_cmd.owner = self.owner
+                sub_cmd.group = self.group
+
+            # If we're going to need to run this command again, tell it to
+            # keep its temporary files around so subsequent runs go faster.
+            if cmd_name in commands[i+1:]:
+                sub_cmd.keep_temp = 1
+            self.run_command(cmd_name)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_dumb.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_dumb.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0d6b5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_dumb.py
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+"""distutils.command.bdist_dumb
+
+Implements the Distutils 'bdist_dumb' command (create a "dumb" built
+distribution -- i.e., just an archive to be unpacked under $prefix or
+$exec_prefix)."""
+
+import os
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+from distutils.dir_util import remove_tree, ensure_relative
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_version
+from distutils import log
+
+class bdist_dumb(Command):
+
+    description = "create a \"dumb\" built distribution"
+
+    user_options = [('bdist-dir=', 'd',
+                     "temporary directory for creating the distribution"),
+                    ('plat-name=', 'p',
+                     "platform name to embed in generated filenames "
+                     "(default: %s)" % get_platform()),
+                    ('format=', 'f',
+                     "archive format to create (tar, gztar, bztar, xztar, "
+                     "ztar, zip)"),
+                    ('keep-temp', 'k',
+                     "keep the pseudo-installation tree around after " +
+                     "creating the distribution archive"),
+                    ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+                     "directory to put final built distributions in"),
+                    ('skip-build', None,
+                     "skip rebuilding everything (for testing/debugging)"),
+                    ('relative', None,
+                     "build the archive using relative paths "
+                     "(default: false)"),
+                    ('owner=', 'u',
+                     "Owner name used when creating a tar file"
+                     " [default: current user]"),
+                    ('group=', 'g',
+                     "Group name used when creating a tar file"
+                     " [default: current group]"),
+                   ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['keep-temp', 'skip-build', 'relative']
+
+    default_format = { 'posix': 'gztar',
+                       'nt': 'zip' }
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.bdist_dir = None
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.format = None
+        self.keep_temp = 0
+        self.dist_dir = None
+        self.skip_build = None
+        self.relative = 0
+        self.owner = None
+        self.group = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        if self.bdist_dir is None:
+            bdist_base = self.get_finalized_command('bdist').bdist_base
+            self.bdist_dir = os.path.join(bdist_base, 'dumb')
+
+        if self.format is None:
+            try:
+                self.format = self.default_format[os.name]
+            except KeyError:
+                raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+                       "don't know how to create dumb built distributions "
+                       "on platform %s" % os.name)
+
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist',
+                                   ('dist_dir', 'dist_dir'),
+                                   ('plat_name', 'plat_name'),
+                                   ('skip_build', 'skip_build'))
+
+    def run(self):
+        if not self.skip_build:
+            self.run_command('build')
+
+        install = self.reinitialize_command('install', reinit_subcommands=1)
+        install.root = self.bdist_dir
+        install.skip_build = self.skip_build
+        install.warn_dir = 0
+
+        log.info("installing to %s", self.bdist_dir)
+        self.run_command('install')
+
+        # And make an archive relative to the root of the
+        # pseudo-installation tree.
+        archive_basename = "%s.%s" % (self.distribution.get_fullname(),
+                                      self.plat_name)
+
+        pseudoinstall_root = os.path.join(self.dist_dir, archive_basename)
+        if not self.relative:
+            archive_root = self.bdist_dir
+        else:
+            if (self.distribution.has_ext_modules() and
+                (install.install_base != install.install_platbase)):
+                raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+                       "can't make a dumb built distribution where "
+                       "base and platbase are different (%s, %s)"
+                       % (repr(install.install_base),
+                          repr(install.install_platbase)))
+            else:
+                archive_root = os.path.join(self.bdist_dir,
+                                   ensure_relative(install.install_base))
+
+        # Make the archive
+        filename = self.make_archive(pseudoinstall_root,
+                                     self.format, root_dir=archive_root,
+                                     owner=self.owner, group=self.group)
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            pyversion = get_python_version()
+        else:
+            pyversion = 'any'
+        self.distribution.dist_files.append(('bdist_dumb', pyversion,
+                                             filename))
+
+        if not self.keep_temp:
+            remove_tree(self.bdist_dir, dry_run=self.dry_run)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_msi.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_msi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0863a18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_msi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,749 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2005, 2006 Martin von Löwis
+# Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement.
+# The bdist_wininst command proper
+# based on bdist_wininst
+"""
+Implements the bdist_msi command.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import warnings
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.dir_util import remove_tree
+from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_version
+from distutils.version import StrictVersion
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+from distutils import log
+import msilib
+from msilib import schema, sequence, text
+from msilib import Directory, Feature, Dialog, add_data
+
+class PyDialog(Dialog):
+    """Dialog class with a fixed layout: controls at the top, then a ruler,
+    then a list of buttons: back, next, cancel. Optionally a bitmap at the
+    left."""
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        """Dialog(database, name, x, y, w, h, attributes, title, first,
+        default, cancel, bitmap=true)"""
+        Dialog.__init__(self, *args)
+        ruler = self.h - 36
+        bmwidth = 152*ruler/328
+        #if kw.get("bitmap", True):
+        #    self.bitmap("Bitmap", 0, 0, bmwidth, ruler, "PythonWin")
+        self.line("BottomLine", 0, ruler, self.w, 0)
+
+    def title(self, title):
+        "Set the title text of the dialog at the top."
+        # name, x, y, w, h, flags=Visible|Enabled|Transparent|NoPrefix,
+        # text, in VerdanaBold10
+        self.text("Title", 15, 10, 320, 60, 0x30003,
+                  r"{\VerdanaBold10}%s" % title)
+
+    def back(self, title, next, name = "Back", active = 1):
+        """Add a back button with a given title, the tab-next button,
+        its name in the Control table, possibly initially disabled.
+
+        Return the button, so that events can be associated"""
+        if active:
+            flags = 3 # Visible|Enabled
+        else:
+            flags = 1 # Visible
+        return self.pushbutton(name, 180, self.h-27 , 56, 17, flags, title, next)
+
+    def cancel(self, title, next, name = "Cancel", active = 1):
+        """Add a cancel button with a given title, the tab-next button,
+        its name in the Control table, possibly initially disabled.
+
+        Return the button, so that events can be associated"""
+        if active:
+            flags = 3 # Visible|Enabled
+        else:
+            flags = 1 # Visible
+        return self.pushbutton(name, 304, self.h-27, 56, 17, flags, title, next)
+
+    def next(self, title, next, name = "Next", active = 1):
+        """Add a Next button with a given title, the tab-next button,
+        its name in the Control table, possibly initially disabled.
+
+        Return the button, so that events can be associated"""
+        if active:
+            flags = 3 # Visible|Enabled
+        else:
+            flags = 1 # Visible
+        return self.pushbutton(name, 236, self.h-27, 56, 17, flags, title, next)
+
+    def xbutton(self, name, title, next, xpos):
+        """Add a button with a given title, the tab-next button,
+        its name in the Control table, giving its x position; the
+        y-position is aligned with the other buttons.
+
+        Return the button, so that events can be associated"""
+        return self.pushbutton(name, int(self.w*xpos - 28), self.h-27, 56, 17, 3, title, next)
+
+class bdist_msi(Command):
+
+    description = "create a Microsoft Installer (.msi) binary distribution"
+
+    user_options = [('bdist-dir=', None,
+                     "temporary directory for creating the distribution"),
+                    ('plat-name=', 'p',
+                     "platform name to embed in generated filenames "
+                     "(default: %s)" % get_platform()),
+                    ('keep-temp', 'k',
+                     "keep the pseudo-installation tree around after " +
+                     "creating the distribution archive"),
+                    ('target-version=', None,
+                     "require a specific python version" +
+                     " on the target system"),
+                    ('no-target-compile', 'c',
+                     "do not compile .py to .pyc on the target system"),
+                    ('no-target-optimize', 'o',
+                     "do not compile .py to .pyo (optimized) "
+                     "on the target system"),
+                    ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+                     "directory to put final built distributions in"),
+                    ('skip-build', None,
+                     "skip rebuilding everything (for testing/debugging)"),
+                    ('install-script=', None,
+                     "basename of installation script to be run after "
+                     "installation or before deinstallation"),
+                    ('pre-install-script=', None,
+                     "Fully qualified filename of a script to be run before "
+                     "any files are installed.  This script need not be in the "
+                     "distribution"),
+                   ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['keep-temp', 'no-target-compile', 'no-target-optimize',
+                       'skip-build']
+
+    all_versions = ['2.0', '2.1', '2.2', '2.3', '2.4',
+                    '2.5', '2.6', '2.7', '2.8', '2.9',
+                    '3.0', '3.1', '3.2', '3.3', '3.4',
+                    '3.5', '3.6', '3.7', '3.8', '3.9']
+    other_version = 'X'
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kw)
+        warnings.warn("bdist_msi command is deprecated since Python 3.9, "
+                      "use bdist_wheel (wheel packages) instead",
+                      DeprecationWarning, 2)
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.bdist_dir = None
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.keep_temp = 0
+        self.no_target_compile = 0
+        self.no_target_optimize = 0
+        self.target_version = None
+        self.dist_dir = None
+        self.skip_build = None
+        self.install_script = None
+        self.pre_install_script = None
+        self.versions = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist', ('skip_build', 'skip_build'))
+
+        if self.bdist_dir is None:
+            bdist_base = self.get_finalized_command('bdist').bdist_base
+            self.bdist_dir = os.path.join(bdist_base, 'msi')
+
+        short_version = get_python_version()
+        if (not self.target_version) and self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            self.target_version = short_version
+
+        if self.target_version:
+            self.versions = [self.target_version]
+            if not self.skip_build and self.distribution.has_ext_modules()\
+               and self.target_version != short_version:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                      "target version can only be %s, or the '--skip-build'"
+                      " option must be specified" % (short_version,))
+        else:
+            self.versions = list(self.all_versions)
+
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist',
+                                   ('dist_dir', 'dist_dir'),
+                                   ('plat_name', 'plat_name'),
+                                   )
+
+        if self.pre_install_script:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                  "the pre-install-script feature is not yet implemented")
+
+        if self.install_script:
+            for script in self.distribution.scripts:
+                if self.install_script == os.path.basename(script):
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                      "install_script '%s' not found in scripts"
+                      % self.install_script)
+        self.install_script_key = None
+
+    def run(self):
+        if not self.skip_build:
+            self.run_command('build')
+
+        install = self.reinitialize_command('install', reinit_subcommands=1)
+        install.prefix = self.bdist_dir
+        install.skip_build = self.skip_build
+        install.warn_dir = 0
+
+        install_lib = self.reinitialize_command('install_lib')
+        # we do not want to include pyc or pyo files
+        install_lib.compile = 0
+        install_lib.optimize = 0
+
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            # If we are building an installer for a Python version other
+            # than the one we are currently running, then we need to ensure
+            # our build_lib reflects the other Python version rather than ours.
+            # Note that for target_version!=sys.version, we must have skipped the
+            # build step, so there is no issue with enforcing the build of this
+            # version.
+            target_version = self.target_version
+            if not target_version:
+                assert self.skip_build, "Should have already checked this"
+                target_version = '%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2]
+            plat_specifier = ".%s-%s" % (self.plat_name, target_version)
+            build = self.get_finalized_command('build')
+            build.build_lib = os.path.join(build.build_base,
+                                           'lib' + plat_specifier)
+
+        log.info("installing to %s", self.bdist_dir)
+        install.ensure_finalized()
+
+        # avoid warning of 'install_lib' about installing
+        # into a directory not in sys.path
+        sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(self.bdist_dir, 'PURELIB'))
+
+        install.run()
+
+        del sys.path[0]
+
+        self.mkpath(self.dist_dir)
+        fullname = self.distribution.get_fullname()
+        installer_name = self.get_installer_filename(fullname)
+        installer_name = os.path.abspath(installer_name)
+        if os.path.exists(installer_name): os.unlink(installer_name)
+
+        metadata = self.distribution.metadata
+        author = metadata.author
+        if not author:
+            author = metadata.maintainer
+        if not author:
+            author = "UNKNOWN"
+        version = metadata.get_version()
+        # ProductVersion must be strictly numeric
+        # XXX need to deal with prerelease versions
+        sversion = "%d.%d.%d" % StrictVersion(version).version
+        # Prefix ProductName with Python x.y, so that
+        # it sorts together with the other Python packages
+        # in Add-Remove-Programs (APR)
+        fullname = self.distribution.get_fullname()
+        if self.target_version:
+            product_name = "Python %s %s" % (self.target_version, fullname)
+        else:
+            product_name = "Python %s" % (fullname)
+        self.db = msilib.init_database(installer_name, schema,
+                product_name, msilib.gen_uuid(),
+                sversion, author)
+        msilib.add_tables(self.db, sequence)
+        props = [('DistVersion', version)]
+        email = metadata.author_email or metadata.maintainer_email
+        if email:
+            props.append(("ARPCONTACT", email))
+        if metadata.url:
+            props.append(("ARPURLINFOABOUT", metadata.url))
+        if props:
+            add_data(self.db, 'Property', props)
+
+        self.add_find_python()
+        self.add_files()
+        self.add_scripts()
+        self.add_ui()
+        self.db.Commit()
+
+        if hasattr(self.distribution, 'dist_files'):
+            tup = 'bdist_msi', self.target_version or 'any', fullname
+            self.distribution.dist_files.append(tup)
+
+        if not self.keep_temp:
+            remove_tree(self.bdist_dir, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def add_files(self):
+        db = self.db
+        cab = msilib.CAB("distfiles")
+        rootdir = os.path.abspath(self.bdist_dir)
+
+        root = Directory(db, cab, None, rootdir, "TARGETDIR", "SourceDir")
+        f = Feature(db, "Python", "Python", "Everything",
+                    0, 1, directory="TARGETDIR")
+
+        items = [(f, root, '')]
+        for version in self.versions + [self.other_version]:
+            target = "TARGETDIR" + version
+            name = default = "Python" + version
+            desc = "Everything"
+            if version is self.other_version:
+                title = "Python from another location"
+                level = 2
+            else:
+                title = "Python %s from registry" % version
+                level = 1
+            f = Feature(db, name, title, desc, 1, level, directory=target)
+            dir = Directory(db, cab, root, rootdir, target, default)
+            items.append((f, dir, version))
+        db.Commit()
+
+        seen = {}
+        for feature, dir, version in items:
+            todo = [dir]
+            while todo:
+                dir = todo.pop()
+                for file in os.listdir(dir.absolute):
+                    afile = os.path.join(dir.absolute, file)
+                    if os.path.isdir(afile):
+                        short = "%s|%s" % (dir.make_short(file), file)
+                        default = file + version
+                        newdir = Directory(db, cab, dir, file, default, short)
+                        todo.append(newdir)
+                    else:
+                        if not dir.component:
+                            dir.start_component(dir.logical, feature, 0)
+                        if afile not in seen:
+                            key = seen[afile] = dir.add_file(file)
+                            if file==self.install_script:
+                                if self.install_script_key:
+                                    raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                                          "Multiple files with name %s" % file)
+                                self.install_script_key = '[#%s]' % key
+                        else:
+                            key = seen[afile]
+                            add_data(self.db, "DuplicateFile",
+                                [(key + version, dir.component, key, None, dir.logical)])
+            db.Commit()
+        cab.commit(db)
+
+    def add_find_python(self):
+        """Adds code to the installer to compute the location of Python.
+
+        Properties PYTHON.MACHINE.X.Y and PYTHON.USER.X.Y will be set from the
+        registry for each version of Python.
+
+        Properties TARGETDIRX.Y will be set from PYTHON.USER.X.Y if defined,
+        else from PYTHON.MACHINE.X.Y.
+
+        Properties PYTHONX.Y will be set to TARGETDIRX.Y\\python.exe"""
+
+        start = 402
+        for ver in self.versions:
+            install_path = r"SOFTWARE\Python\PythonCore\%s\InstallPath" % ver
+            machine_reg = "python.machine." + ver
+            user_reg = "python.user." + ver
+            machine_prop = "PYTHON.MACHINE." + ver
+            user_prop = "PYTHON.USER." + ver
+            machine_action = "PythonFromMachine" + ver
+            user_action = "PythonFromUser" + ver
+            exe_action = "PythonExe" + ver
+            target_dir_prop = "TARGETDIR" + ver
+            exe_prop = "PYTHON" + ver
+            if msilib.Win64:
+                # type: msidbLocatorTypeRawValue + msidbLocatorType64bit
+                Type = 2+16
+            else:
+                Type = 2
+            add_data(self.db, "RegLocator",
+                    [(machine_reg, 2, install_path, None, Type),
+                     (user_reg, 1, install_path, None, Type)])
+            add_data(self.db, "AppSearch",
+                    [(machine_prop, machine_reg),
+                     (user_prop, user_reg)])
+            add_data(self.db, "CustomAction",
+                    [(machine_action, 51+256, target_dir_prop, "[" + machine_prop + "]"),
+                     (user_action, 51+256, target_dir_prop, "[" + user_prop + "]"),
+                     (exe_action, 51+256, exe_prop, "[" + target_dir_prop + "]\\python.exe"),
+                    ])
+            add_data(self.db, "InstallExecuteSequence",
+                    [(machine_action, machine_prop, start),
+                     (user_action, user_prop, start + 1),
+                     (exe_action, None, start + 2),
+                    ])
+            add_data(self.db, "InstallUISequence",
+                    [(machine_action, machine_prop, start),
+                     (user_action, user_prop, start + 1),
+                     (exe_action, None, start + 2),
+                    ])
+            add_data(self.db, "Condition",
+                    [("Python" + ver, 0, "NOT TARGETDIR" + ver)])
+            start += 4
+            assert start < 500
+
+    def add_scripts(self):
+        if self.install_script:
+            start = 6800
+            for ver in self.versions + [self.other_version]:
+                install_action = "install_script." + ver
+                exe_prop = "PYTHON" + ver
+                add_data(self.db, "CustomAction",
+                        [(install_action, 50, exe_prop, self.install_script_key)])
+                add_data(self.db, "InstallExecuteSequence",
+                        [(install_action, "&Python%s=3" % ver, start)])
+                start += 1
+        # XXX pre-install scripts are currently refused in finalize_options()
+        #     but if this feature is completed, it will also need to add
+        #     entries for each version as the above code does
+        if self.pre_install_script:
+            scriptfn = os.path.join(self.bdist_dir, "preinstall.bat")
+            with open(scriptfn, "w") as f:
+                # The batch file will be executed with [PYTHON], so that %1
+                # is the path to the Python interpreter; %0 will be the path
+                # of the batch file.
+                # rem ="""
+                # %1 %0
+                # exit
+                # """
+                # <actual script>
+                f.write('rem ="""\n%1 %0\nexit\n"""\n')
+                with open(self.pre_install_script) as fin:
+                    f.write(fin.read())
+            add_data(self.db, "Binary",
+                [("PreInstall", msilib.Binary(scriptfn))
+                ])
+            add_data(self.db, "CustomAction",
+                [("PreInstall", 2, "PreInstall", None)
+                ])
+            add_data(self.db, "InstallExecuteSequence",
+                    [("PreInstall", "NOT Installed", 450)])
+
+
+    def add_ui(self):
+        db = self.db
+        x = y = 50
+        w = 370
+        h = 300
+        title = "[ProductName] Setup"
+
+        # see "Dialog Style Bits"
+        modal = 3      # visible | modal
+        modeless = 1   # visible
+        track_disk_space = 32
+
+        # UI customization properties
+        add_data(db, "Property",
+                 # See "DefaultUIFont Property"
+                 [("DefaultUIFont", "DlgFont8"),
+                  # See "ErrorDialog Style Bit"
+                  ("ErrorDialog", "ErrorDlg"),
+                  ("Progress1", "Install"),   # modified in maintenance type dlg
+                  ("Progress2", "installs"),
+                  ("MaintenanceForm_Action", "Repair"),
+                  # possible values: ALL, JUSTME
+                  ("WhichUsers", "ALL")
+                 ])
+
+        # Fonts, see "TextStyle Table"
+        add_data(db, "TextStyle",
+                 [("DlgFont8", "Tahoma", 9, None, 0),
+                  ("DlgFontBold8", "Tahoma", 8, None, 1), #bold
+                  ("VerdanaBold10", "Verdana", 10, None, 1),
+                  ("VerdanaRed9", "Verdana", 9, 255, 0),
+                 ])
+
+        # UI Sequences, see "InstallUISequence Table", "Using a Sequence Table"
+        # Numbers indicate sequence; see sequence.py for how these action integrate
+        add_data(db, "InstallUISequence",
+                 [("PrepareDlg", "Not Privileged or Windows9x or Installed", 140),
+                  ("WhichUsersDlg", "Privileged and not Windows9x and not Installed", 141),
+                  # In the user interface, assume all-users installation if privileged.
+                  ("SelectFeaturesDlg", "Not Installed", 1230),
+                  # XXX no support for resume installations yet
+                  #("ResumeDlg", "Installed AND (RESUME OR Preselected)", 1240),
+                  ("MaintenanceTypeDlg", "Installed AND NOT RESUME AND NOT Preselected", 1250),
+                  ("ProgressDlg", None, 1280)])
+
+        add_data(db, 'ActionText', text.ActionText)
+        add_data(db, 'UIText', text.UIText)
+        #####################################################################
+        # Standard dialogs: FatalError, UserExit, ExitDialog
+        fatal=PyDialog(db, "FatalError", x, y, w, h, modal, title,
+                     "Finish", "Finish", "Finish")
+        fatal.title("[ProductName] Installer ended prematurely")
+        fatal.back("< Back", "Finish", active = 0)
+        fatal.cancel("Cancel", "Back", active = 0)
+        fatal.text("Description1", 15, 70, 320, 80, 0x30003,
+                   "[ProductName] setup ended prematurely because of an error.  Your system has not been modified.  To install this program at a later time, please run the installation again.")
+        fatal.text("Description2", 15, 155, 320, 20, 0x30003,
+                   "Click the Finish button to exit the Installer.")
+        c=fatal.next("Finish", "Cancel", name="Finish")
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Exit")
+
+        user_exit=PyDialog(db, "UserExit", x, y, w, h, modal, title,
+                     "Finish", "Finish", "Finish")
+        user_exit.title("[ProductName] Installer was interrupted")
+        user_exit.back("< Back", "Finish", active = 0)
+        user_exit.cancel("Cancel", "Back", active = 0)
+        user_exit.text("Description1", 15, 70, 320, 80, 0x30003,
+                   "[ProductName] setup was interrupted.  Your system has not been modified.  "
+                   "To install this program at a later time, please run the installation again.")
+        user_exit.text("Description2", 15, 155, 320, 20, 0x30003,
+                   "Click the Finish button to exit the Installer.")
+        c = user_exit.next("Finish", "Cancel", name="Finish")
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Exit")
+
+        exit_dialog = PyDialog(db, "ExitDialog", x, y, w, h, modal, title,
+                             "Finish", "Finish", "Finish")
+        exit_dialog.title("Completing the [ProductName] Installer")
+        exit_dialog.back("< Back", "Finish", active = 0)
+        exit_dialog.cancel("Cancel", "Back", active = 0)
+        exit_dialog.text("Description", 15, 235, 320, 20, 0x30003,
+                   "Click the Finish button to exit the Installer.")
+        c = exit_dialog.next("Finish", "Cancel", name="Finish")
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Return")
+
+        #####################################################################
+        # Required dialog: FilesInUse, ErrorDlg
+        inuse = PyDialog(db, "FilesInUse",
+                         x, y, w, h,
+                         19,                # KeepModeless|Modal|Visible
+                         title,
+                         "Retry", "Retry", "Retry", bitmap=False)
+        inuse.text("Title", 15, 6, 200, 15, 0x30003,
+                   r"{\DlgFontBold8}Files in Use")
+        inuse.text("Description", 20, 23, 280, 20, 0x30003,
+               "Some files that need to be updated are currently in use.")
+        inuse.text("Text", 20, 55, 330, 50, 3,
+                   "The following applications are using files that need to be updated by this setup. Close these applications and then click Retry to continue the installation or Cancel to exit it.")
+        inuse.control("List", "ListBox", 20, 107, 330, 130, 7, "FileInUseProcess",
+                      None, None, None)
+        c=inuse.back("Exit", "Ignore", name="Exit")
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Exit")
+        c=inuse.next("Ignore", "Retry", name="Ignore")
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Ignore")
+        c=inuse.cancel("Retry", "Exit", name="Retry")
+        c.event("EndDialog","Retry")
+
+        # See "Error Dialog". See "ICE20" for the required names of the controls.
+        error = Dialog(db, "ErrorDlg",
+                       50, 10, 330, 101,
+                       65543,       # Error|Minimize|Modal|Visible
+                       title,
+                       "ErrorText", None, None)
+        error.text("ErrorText", 50,9,280,48,3, "")
+        #error.control("ErrorIcon", "Icon", 15, 9, 24, 24, 5242881, None, "py.ico", None, None)
+        error.pushbutton("N",120,72,81,21,3,"No",None).event("EndDialog","ErrorNo")
+        error.pushbutton("Y",240,72,81,21,3,"Yes",None).event("EndDialog","ErrorYes")
+        error.pushbutton("A",0,72,81,21,3,"Abort",None).event("EndDialog","ErrorAbort")
+        error.pushbutton("C",42,72,81,21,3,"Cancel",None).event("EndDialog","ErrorCancel")
+        error.pushbutton("I",81,72,81,21,3,"Ignore",None).event("EndDialog","ErrorIgnore")
+        error.pushbutton("O",159,72,81,21,3,"Ok",None).event("EndDialog","ErrorOk")
+        error.pushbutton("R",198,72,81,21,3,"Retry",None).event("EndDialog","ErrorRetry")
+
+        #####################################################################
+        # Global "Query Cancel" dialog
+        cancel = Dialog(db, "CancelDlg", 50, 10, 260, 85, 3, title,
+                        "No", "No", "No")
+        cancel.text("Text", 48, 15, 194, 30, 3,
+                    "Are you sure you want to cancel [ProductName] installation?")
+        #cancel.control("Icon", "Icon", 15, 15, 24, 24, 5242881, None,
+        #               "py.ico", None, None)
+        c=cancel.pushbutton("Yes", 72, 57, 56, 17, 3, "Yes", "No")
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Exit")
+
+        c=cancel.pushbutton("No", 132, 57, 56, 17, 3, "No", "Yes")
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Return")
+
+        #####################################################################
+        # Global "Wait for costing" dialog
+        costing = Dialog(db, "WaitForCostingDlg", 50, 10, 260, 85, modal, title,
+                         "Return", "Return", "Return")
+        costing.text("Text", 48, 15, 194, 30, 3,
+                     "Please wait while the installer finishes determining your disk space requirements.")
+        c = costing.pushbutton("Return", 102, 57, 56, 17, 3, "Return", None)
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Exit")
+
+        #####################################################################
+        # Preparation dialog: no user input except cancellation
+        prep = PyDialog(db, "PrepareDlg", x, y, w, h, modeless, title,
+                        "Cancel", "Cancel", "Cancel")
+        prep.text("Description", 15, 70, 320, 40, 0x30003,
+                  "Please wait while the Installer prepares to guide you through the installation.")
+        prep.title("Welcome to the [ProductName] Installer")
+        c=prep.text("ActionText", 15, 110, 320, 20, 0x30003, "Pondering...")
+        c.mapping("ActionText", "Text")
+        c=prep.text("ActionData", 15, 135, 320, 30, 0x30003, None)
+        c.mapping("ActionData", "Text")
+        prep.back("Back", None, active=0)
+        prep.next("Next", None, active=0)
+        c=prep.cancel("Cancel", None)
+        c.event("SpawnDialog", "CancelDlg")
+
+        #####################################################################
+        # Feature (Python directory) selection
+        seldlg = PyDialog(db, "SelectFeaturesDlg", x, y, w, h, modal, title,
+                        "Next", "Next", "Cancel")
+        seldlg.title("Select Python Installations")
+
+        seldlg.text("Hint", 15, 30, 300, 20, 3,
+                    "Select the Python locations where %s should be installed."
+                    % self.distribution.get_fullname())
+
+        seldlg.back("< Back", None, active=0)
+        c = seldlg.next("Next >", "Cancel")
+        order = 1
+        c.event("[TARGETDIR]", "[SourceDir]", ordering=order)
+        for version in self.versions + [self.other_version]:
+            order += 1
+            c.event("[TARGETDIR]", "[TARGETDIR%s]" % version,
+                    "FEATURE_SELECTED AND &Python%s=3" % version,
+                    ordering=order)
+        c.event("SpawnWaitDialog", "WaitForCostingDlg", ordering=order + 1)
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Return", ordering=order + 2)
+        c = seldlg.cancel("Cancel", "Features")
+        c.event("SpawnDialog", "CancelDlg")
+
+        c = seldlg.control("Features", "SelectionTree", 15, 60, 300, 120, 3,
+                           "FEATURE", None, "PathEdit", None)
+        c.event("[FEATURE_SELECTED]", "1")
+        ver = self.other_version
+        install_other_cond = "FEATURE_SELECTED AND &Python%s=3" % ver
+        dont_install_other_cond = "FEATURE_SELECTED AND &Python%s<>3" % ver
+
+        c = seldlg.text("Other", 15, 200, 300, 15, 3,
+                        "Provide an alternate Python location")
+        c.condition("Enable", install_other_cond)
+        c.condition("Show", install_other_cond)
+        c.condition("Disable", dont_install_other_cond)
+        c.condition("Hide", dont_install_other_cond)
+
+        c = seldlg.control("PathEdit", "PathEdit", 15, 215, 300, 16, 1,
+                           "TARGETDIR" + ver, None, "Next", None)
+        c.condition("Enable", install_other_cond)
+        c.condition("Show", install_other_cond)
+        c.condition("Disable", dont_install_other_cond)
+        c.condition("Hide", dont_install_other_cond)
+
+        #####################################################################
+        # Disk cost
+        cost = PyDialog(db, "DiskCostDlg", x, y, w, h, modal, title,
+                        "OK", "OK", "OK", bitmap=False)
+        cost.text("Title", 15, 6, 200, 15, 0x30003,
+                 r"{\DlgFontBold8}Disk Space Requirements")
+        cost.text("Description", 20, 20, 280, 20, 0x30003,
+                  "The disk space required for the installation of the selected features.")
+        cost.text("Text", 20, 53, 330, 60, 3,
+                  "The highlighted volumes (if any) do not have enough disk space "
+              "available for the currently selected features.  You can either "
+              "remove some files from the highlighted volumes, or choose to "
+              "install less features onto local drive(s), or select different "
+              "destination drive(s).")
+        cost.control("VolumeList", "VolumeCostList", 20, 100, 330, 150, 393223,
+                     None, "{120}{70}{70}{70}{70}", None, None)
+        cost.xbutton("OK", "Ok", None, 0.5).event("EndDialog", "Return")
+
+        #####################################################################
+        # WhichUsers Dialog. Only available on NT, and for privileged users.
+        # This must be run before FindRelatedProducts, because that will
+        # take into account whether the previous installation was per-user
+        # or per-machine. We currently don't support going back to this
+        # dialog after "Next" was selected; to support this, we would need to
+        # find how to reset the ALLUSERS property, and how to re-run
+        # FindRelatedProducts.
+        # On Windows9x, the ALLUSERS property is ignored on the command line
+        # and in the Property table, but installer fails according to the documentation
+        # if a dialog attempts to set ALLUSERS.
+        whichusers = PyDialog(db, "WhichUsersDlg", x, y, w, h, modal, title,
+                            "AdminInstall", "Next", "Cancel")
+        whichusers.title("Select whether to install [ProductName] for all users of this computer.")
+        # A radio group with two options: allusers, justme
+        g = whichusers.radiogroup("AdminInstall", 15, 60, 260, 50, 3,
+                                  "WhichUsers", "", "Next")
+        g.add("ALL", 0, 5, 150, 20, "Install for all users")
+        g.add("JUSTME", 0, 25, 150, 20, "Install just for me")
+
+        whichusers.back("Back", None, active=0)
+
+        c = whichusers.next("Next >", "Cancel")
+        c.event("[ALLUSERS]", "1", 'WhichUsers="ALL"', 1)
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Return", ordering = 2)
+
+        c = whichusers.cancel("Cancel", "AdminInstall")
+        c.event("SpawnDialog", "CancelDlg")
+
+        #####################################################################
+        # Installation Progress dialog (modeless)
+        progress = PyDialog(db, "ProgressDlg", x, y, w, h, modeless, title,
+                            "Cancel", "Cancel", "Cancel", bitmap=False)
+        progress.text("Title", 20, 15, 200, 15, 0x30003,
+                     r"{\DlgFontBold8}[Progress1] [ProductName]")
+        progress.text("Text", 35, 65, 300, 30, 3,
+                      "Please wait while the Installer [Progress2] [ProductName]. "
+                      "This may take several minutes.")
+        progress.text("StatusLabel", 35, 100, 35, 20, 3, "Status:")
+
+        c=progress.text("ActionText", 70, 100, w-70, 20, 3, "Pondering...")
+        c.mapping("ActionText", "Text")
+
+        #c=progress.text("ActionData", 35, 140, 300, 20, 3, None)
+        #c.mapping("ActionData", "Text")
+
+        c=progress.control("ProgressBar", "ProgressBar", 35, 120, 300, 10, 65537,
+                           None, "Progress done", None, None)
+        c.mapping("SetProgress", "Progress")
+
+        progress.back("< Back", "Next", active=False)
+        progress.next("Next >", "Cancel", active=False)
+        progress.cancel("Cancel", "Back").event("SpawnDialog", "CancelDlg")
+
+        ###################################################################
+        # Maintenance type: repair/uninstall
+        maint = PyDialog(db, "MaintenanceTypeDlg", x, y, w, h, modal, title,
+                         "Next", "Next", "Cancel")
+        maint.title("Welcome to the [ProductName] Setup Wizard")
+        maint.text("BodyText", 15, 63, 330, 42, 3,
+                   "Select whether you want to repair or remove [ProductName].")
+        g=maint.radiogroup("RepairRadioGroup", 15, 108, 330, 60, 3,
+                            "MaintenanceForm_Action", "", "Next")
+        #g.add("Change", 0, 0, 200, 17, "&Change [ProductName]")
+        g.add("Repair", 0, 18, 200, 17, "&Repair [ProductName]")
+        g.add("Remove", 0, 36, 200, 17, "Re&move [ProductName]")
+
+        maint.back("< Back", None, active=False)
+        c=maint.next("Finish", "Cancel")
+        # Change installation: Change progress dialog to "Change", then ask
+        # for feature selection
+        #c.event("[Progress1]", "Change", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Change"', 1)
+        #c.event("[Progress2]", "changes", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Change"', 2)
+
+        # Reinstall: Change progress dialog to "Repair", then invoke reinstall
+        # Also set list of reinstalled features to "ALL"
+        c.event("[REINSTALL]", "ALL", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Repair"', 5)
+        c.event("[Progress1]", "Repairing", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Repair"', 6)
+        c.event("[Progress2]", "repairs", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Repair"', 7)
+        c.event("Reinstall", "ALL", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Repair"', 8)
+
+        # Uninstall: Change progress to "Remove", then invoke uninstall
+        # Also set list of removed features to "ALL"
+        c.event("[REMOVE]", "ALL", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Remove"', 11)
+        c.event("[Progress1]", "Removing", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Remove"', 12)
+        c.event("[Progress2]", "removes", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Remove"', 13)
+        c.event("Remove", "ALL", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Remove"', 14)
+
+        # Close dialog when maintenance action scheduled
+        c.event("EndDialog", "Return", 'MaintenanceForm_Action<>"Change"', 20)
+        #c.event("NewDialog", "SelectFeaturesDlg", 'MaintenanceForm_Action="Change"', 21)
+
+        maint.cancel("Cancel", "RepairRadioGroup").event("SpawnDialog", "CancelDlg")
+
+    def get_installer_filename(self, fullname):
+        # Factored out to allow overriding in subclasses
+        if self.target_version:
+            base_name = "%s.%s-py%s.msi" % (fullname, self.plat_name,
+                                            self.target_version)
+        else:
+            base_name = "%s.%s.msi" % (fullname, self.plat_name)
+        installer_name = os.path.join(self.dist_dir, base_name)
+        return installer_name
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_rpm.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_rpm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..550cbfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_rpm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,579 @@
+"""distutils.command.bdist_rpm
+
+Implements the Distutils 'bdist_rpm' command (create RPM source and binary
+distributions)."""
+
+import subprocess, sys, os
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+from distutils.file_util import write_file
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_version
+from distutils import log
+
+class bdist_rpm(Command):
+
+    description = "create an RPM distribution"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('bdist-base=', None,
+         "base directory for creating built distributions"),
+        ('rpm-base=', None,
+         "base directory for creating RPMs (defaults to \"rpm\" under "
+         "--bdist-base; must be specified for RPM 2)"),
+        ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+         "directory to put final RPM files in "
+         "(and .spec files if --spec-only)"),
+        ('python=', None,
+         "path to Python interpreter to hard-code in the .spec file "
+         "(default: \"python\")"),
+        ('fix-python', None,
+         "hard-code the exact path to the current Python interpreter in "
+         "the .spec file"),
+        ('spec-only', None,
+         "only regenerate spec file"),
+        ('source-only', None,
+         "only generate source RPM"),
+        ('binary-only', None,
+         "only generate binary RPM"),
+        ('use-bzip2', None,
+         "use bzip2 instead of gzip to create source distribution"),
+
+        # More meta-data: too RPM-specific to put in the setup script,
+        # but needs to go in the .spec file -- so we make these options
+        # to "bdist_rpm".  The idea is that packagers would put this
+        # info in setup.cfg, although they are of course free to
+        # supply it on the command line.
+        ('distribution-name=', None,
+         "name of the (Linux) distribution to which this "
+         "RPM applies (*not* the name of the module distribution!)"),
+        ('group=', None,
+         "package classification [default: \"Development/Libraries\"]"),
+        ('release=', None,
+         "RPM release number"),
+        ('serial=', None,
+         "RPM serial number"),
+        ('vendor=', None,
+         "RPM \"vendor\" (eg. \"Joe Blow <joe@example.com>\") "
+         "[default: maintainer or author from setup script]"),
+        ('packager=', None,
+         "RPM packager (eg. \"Jane Doe <jane@example.net>\") "
+         "[default: vendor]"),
+        ('doc-files=', None,
+         "list of documentation files (space or comma-separated)"),
+        ('changelog=', None,
+         "RPM changelog"),
+        ('icon=', None,
+         "name of icon file"),
+        ('provides=', None,
+         "capabilities provided by this package"),
+        ('requires=', None,
+         "capabilities required by this package"),
+        ('conflicts=', None,
+         "capabilities which conflict with this package"),
+        ('build-requires=', None,
+         "capabilities required to build this package"),
+        ('obsoletes=', None,
+         "capabilities made obsolete by this package"),
+        ('no-autoreq', None,
+         "do not automatically calculate dependencies"),
+
+        # Actions to take when building RPM
+        ('keep-temp', 'k',
+         "don't clean up RPM build directory"),
+        ('no-keep-temp', None,
+         "clean up RPM build directory [default]"),
+        ('use-rpm-opt-flags', None,
+         "compile with RPM_OPT_FLAGS when building from source RPM"),
+        ('no-rpm-opt-flags', None,
+         "do not pass any RPM CFLAGS to compiler"),
+        ('rpm3-mode', None,
+         "RPM 3 compatibility mode (default)"),
+        ('rpm2-mode', None,
+         "RPM 2 compatibility mode"),
+
+        # Add the hooks necessary for specifying custom scripts
+        ('prep-script=', None,
+         "Specify a script for the PREP phase of RPM building"),
+        ('build-script=', None,
+         "Specify a script for the BUILD phase of RPM building"),
+
+        ('pre-install=', None,
+         "Specify a script for the pre-INSTALL phase of RPM building"),
+        ('install-script=', None,
+         "Specify a script for the INSTALL phase of RPM building"),
+        ('post-install=', None,
+         "Specify a script for the post-INSTALL phase of RPM building"),
+
+        ('pre-uninstall=', None,
+         "Specify a script for the pre-UNINSTALL phase of RPM building"),
+        ('post-uninstall=', None,
+         "Specify a script for the post-UNINSTALL phase of RPM building"),
+
+        ('clean-script=', None,
+         "Specify a script for the CLEAN phase of RPM building"),
+
+        ('verify-script=', None,
+         "Specify a script for the VERIFY phase of the RPM build"),
+
+        # Allow a packager to explicitly force an architecture
+        ('force-arch=', None,
+         "Force an architecture onto the RPM build process"),
+
+        ('quiet', 'q',
+         "Run the INSTALL phase of RPM building in quiet mode"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['keep-temp', 'use-rpm-opt-flags', 'rpm3-mode',
+                       'no-autoreq', 'quiet']
+
+    negative_opt = {'no-keep-temp': 'keep-temp',
+                    'no-rpm-opt-flags': 'use-rpm-opt-flags',
+                    'rpm2-mode': 'rpm3-mode'}
+
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.bdist_base = None
+        self.rpm_base = None
+        self.dist_dir = None
+        self.python = None
+        self.fix_python = None
+        self.spec_only = None
+        self.binary_only = None
+        self.source_only = None
+        self.use_bzip2 = None
+
+        self.distribution_name = None
+        self.group = None
+        self.release = None
+        self.serial = None
+        self.vendor = None
+        self.packager = None
+        self.doc_files = None
+        self.changelog = None
+        self.icon = None
+
+        self.prep_script = None
+        self.build_script = None
+        self.install_script = None
+        self.clean_script = None
+        self.verify_script = None
+        self.pre_install = None
+        self.post_install = None
+        self.pre_uninstall = None
+        self.post_uninstall = None
+        self.prep = None
+        self.provides = None
+        self.requires = None
+        self.conflicts = None
+        self.build_requires = None
+        self.obsoletes = None
+
+        self.keep_temp = 0
+        self.use_rpm_opt_flags = 1
+        self.rpm3_mode = 1
+        self.no_autoreq = 0
+
+        self.force_arch = None
+        self.quiet = 0
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist', ('bdist_base', 'bdist_base'))
+        if self.rpm_base is None:
+            if not self.rpm3_mode:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                      "you must specify --rpm-base in RPM 2 mode")
+            self.rpm_base = os.path.join(self.bdist_base, "rpm")
+
+        if self.python is None:
+            if self.fix_python:
+                self.python = sys.executable
+            else:
+                self.python = "python3"
+        elif self.fix_python:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                  "--python and --fix-python are mutually exclusive options")
+
+        if os.name != 'posix':
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError("don't know how to create RPM "
+                   "distributions on platform %s" % os.name)
+        if self.binary_only and self.source_only:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                  "cannot supply both '--source-only' and '--binary-only'")
+
+        # don't pass CFLAGS to pure python distributions
+        if not self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            self.use_rpm_opt_flags = 0
+
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist', ('dist_dir', 'dist_dir'))
+        self.finalize_package_data()
+
+    def finalize_package_data(self):
+        self.ensure_string('group', "Development/Libraries")
+        self.ensure_string('vendor',
+                           "%s <%s>" % (self.distribution.get_contact(),
+                                        self.distribution.get_contact_email()))
+        self.ensure_string('packager')
+        self.ensure_string_list('doc_files')
+        if isinstance(self.doc_files, list):
+            for readme in ('README', 'README.txt'):
+                if os.path.exists(readme) and readme not in self.doc_files:
+                    self.doc_files.append(readme)
+
+        self.ensure_string('release', "1")
+        self.ensure_string('serial')   # should it be an int?
+
+        self.ensure_string('distribution_name')
+
+        self.ensure_string('changelog')
+          # Format changelog correctly
+        self.changelog = self._format_changelog(self.changelog)
+
+        self.ensure_filename('icon')
+
+        self.ensure_filename('prep_script')
+        self.ensure_filename('build_script')
+        self.ensure_filename('install_script')
+        self.ensure_filename('clean_script')
+        self.ensure_filename('verify_script')
+        self.ensure_filename('pre_install')
+        self.ensure_filename('post_install')
+        self.ensure_filename('pre_uninstall')
+        self.ensure_filename('post_uninstall')
+
+        # XXX don't forget we punted on summaries and descriptions -- they
+        # should be handled here eventually!
+
+        # Now *this* is some meta-data that belongs in the setup script...
+        self.ensure_string_list('provides')
+        self.ensure_string_list('requires')
+        self.ensure_string_list('conflicts')
+        self.ensure_string_list('build_requires')
+        self.ensure_string_list('obsoletes')
+
+        self.ensure_string('force_arch')
+
+    def run(self):
+        if DEBUG:
+            print("before _get_package_data():")
+            print("vendor =", self.vendor)
+            print("packager =", self.packager)
+            print("doc_files =", self.doc_files)
+            print("changelog =", self.changelog)
+
+        # make directories
+        if self.spec_only:
+            spec_dir = self.dist_dir
+            self.mkpath(spec_dir)
+        else:
+            rpm_dir = {}
+            for d in ('SOURCES', 'SPECS', 'BUILD', 'RPMS', 'SRPMS'):
+                rpm_dir[d] = os.path.join(self.rpm_base, d)
+                self.mkpath(rpm_dir[d])
+            spec_dir = rpm_dir['SPECS']
+
+        # Spec file goes into 'dist_dir' if '--spec-only specified',
+        # build/rpm.<plat> otherwise.
+        spec_path = os.path.join(spec_dir,
+                                 "%s.spec" % self.distribution.get_name())
+        self.execute(write_file,
+                     (spec_path,
+                      self._make_spec_file()),
+                     "writing '%s'" % spec_path)
+
+        if self.spec_only: # stop if requested
+            return
+
+        # Make a source distribution and copy to SOURCES directory with
+        # optional icon.
+        saved_dist_files = self.distribution.dist_files[:]
+        sdist = self.reinitialize_command('sdist')
+        if self.use_bzip2:
+            sdist.formats = ['bztar']
+        else:
+            sdist.formats = ['gztar']
+        self.run_command('sdist')
+        self.distribution.dist_files = saved_dist_files
+
+        source = sdist.get_archive_files()[0]
+        source_dir = rpm_dir['SOURCES']
+        self.copy_file(source, source_dir)
+
+        if self.icon:
+            if os.path.exists(self.icon):
+                self.copy_file(self.icon, source_dir)
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsFileError(
+                      "icon file '%s' does not exist" % self.icon)
+
+        # build package
+        log.info("building RPMs")
+        rpm_cmd = ['rpmbuild']
+
+        if self.source_only: # what kind of RPMs?
+            rpm_cmd.append('-bs')
+        elif self.binary_only:
+            rpm_cmd.append('-bb')
+        else:
+            rpm_cmd.append('-ba')
+        rpm_cmd.extend(['--define', '__python %s' % self.python])
+        if self.rpm3_mode:
+            rpm_cmd.extend(['--define',
+                             '_topdir %s' % os.path.abspath(self.rpm_base)])
+        if not self.keep_temp:
+            rpm_cmd.append('--clean')
+
+        if self.quiet:
+            rpm_cmd.append('--quiet')
+
+        rpm_cmd.append(spec_path)
+        # Determine the binary rpm names that should be built out of this spec
+        # file
+        # Note that some of these may not be really built (if the file
+        # list is empty)
+        nvr_string = "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}"
+        src_rpm = nvr_string + ".src.rpm"
+        non_src_rpm = "%{arch}/" + nvr_string + ".%{arch}.rpm"
+        q_cmd = r"rpm -q --qf '%s %s\n' --specfile '%s'" % (
+            src_rpm, non_src_rpm, spec_path)
+
+        out = os.popen(q_cmd)
+        try:
+            binary_rpms = []
+            source_rpm = None
+            while True:
+                line = out.readline()
+                if not line:
+                    break
+                l = line.strip().split()
+                assert(len(l) == 2)
+                binary_rpms.append(l[1])
+                # The source rpm is named after the first entry in the spec file
+                if source_rpm is None:
+                    source_rpm = l[0]
+
+            status = out.close()
+            if status:
+                raise DistutilsExecError("Failed to execute: %s" % repr(q_cmd))
+
+        finally:
+            out.close()
+
+        self.spawn(rpm_cmd)
+
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+                pyversion = get_python_version()
+            else:
+                pyversion = 'any'
+
+            if not self.binary_only:
+                srpm = os.path.join(rpm_dir['SRPMS'], source_rpm)
+                assert(os.path.exists(srpm))
+                self.move_file(srpm, self.dist_dir)
+                filename = os.path.join(self.dist_dir, source_rpm)
+                self.distribution.dist_files.append(
+                    ('bdist_rpm', pyversion, filename))
+
+            if not self.source_only:
+                for rpm in binary_rpms:
+                    rpm = os.path.join(rpm_dir['RPMS'], rpm)
+                    if os.path.exists(rpm):
+                        self.move_file(rpm, self.dist_dir)
+                        filename = os.path.join(self.dist_dir,
+                                                os.path.basename(rpm))
+                        self.distribution.dist_files.append(
+                            ('bdist_rpm', pyversion, filename))
+
+    def _dist_path(self, path):
+        return os.path.join(self.dist_dir, os.path.basename(path))
+
+    def _make_spec_file(self):
+        """Generate the text of an RPM spec file and return it as a
+        list of strings (one per line).
+        """
+        # definitions and headers
+        spec_file = [
+            '%define name ' + self.distribution.get_name(),
+            '%define version ' + self.distribution.get_version().replace('-','_'),
+            '%define unmangled_version ' + self.distribution.get_version(),
+            '%define release ' + self.release.replace('-','_'),
+            '',
+            'Summary: ' + self.distribution.get_description(),
+            ]
+
+        # Workaround for #14443 which affects some RPM based systems such as
+        # RHEL6 (and probably derivatives)
+        vendor_hook = subprocess.getoutput('rpm --eval %{__os_install_post}')
+        # Generate a potential replacement value for __os_install_post (whilst
+        # normalizing the whitespace to simplify the test for whether the
+        # invocation of brp-python-bytecompile passes in __python):
+        vendor_hook = '\n'.join(['  %s \\' % line.strip()
+                                 for line in vendor_hook.splitlines()])
+        problem = "brp-python-bytecompile \\\n"
+        fixed = "brp-python-bytecompile %{__python} \\\n"
+        fixed_hook = vendor_hook.replace(problem, fixed)
+        if fixed_hook != vendor_hook:
+            spec_file.append('# Workaround for http://bugs.python.org/issue14443')
+            spec_file.append('%define __os_install_post ' + fixed_hook + '\n')
+
+        # put locale summaries into spec file
+        # XXX not supported for now (hard to put a dictionary
+        # in a config file -- arg!)
+        #for locale in self.summaries.keys():
+        #    spec_file.append('Summary(%s): %s' % (locale,
+        #                                          self.summaries[locale]))
+
+        spec_file.extend([
+            'Name: %{name}',
+            'Version: %{version}',
+            'Release: %{release}',])
+
+        # XXX yuck! this filename is available from the "sdist" command,
+        # but only after it has run: and we create the spec file before
+        # running "sdist", in case of --spec-only.
+        if self.use_bzip2:
+            spec_file.append('Source0: %{name}-%{unmangled_version}.tar.bz2')
+        else:
+            spec_file.append('Source0: %{name}-%{unmangled_version}.tar.gz')
+
+        spec_file.extend([
+            'License: ' + self.distribution.get_license(),
+            'Group: ' + self.group,
+            'BuildRoot: %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}-buildroot',
+            'Prefix: %{_prefix}', ])
+
+        if not self.force_arch:
+            # noarch if no extension modules
+            if not self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+                spec_file.append('BuildArch: noarch')
+        else:
+            spec_file.append( 'BuildArch: %s' % self.force_arch )
+
+        for field in ('Vendor',
+                      'Packager',
+                      'Provides',
+                      'Requires',
+                      'Conflicts',
+                      'Obsoletes',
+                      ):
+            val = getattr(self, field.lower())
+            if isinstance(val, list):
+                spec_file.append('%s: %s' % (field, ' '.join(val)))
+            elif val is not None:
+                spec_file.append('%s: %s' % (field, val))
+
+
+        if self.distribution.get_url() != 'UNKNOWN':
+            spec_file.append('Url: ' + self.distribution.get_url())
+
+        if self.distribution_name:
+            spec_file.append('Distribution: ' + self.distribution_name)
+
+        if self.build_requires:
+            spec_file.append('BuildRequires: ' +
+                             ' '.join(self.build_requires))
+
+        if self.icon:
+            spec_file.append('Icon: ' + os.path.basename(self.icon))
+
+        if self.no_autoreq:
+            spec_file.append('AutoReq: 0')
+
+        spec_file.extend([
+            '',
+            '%description',
+            self.distribution.get_long_description()
+            ])
+
+        # put locale descriptions into spec file
+        # XXX again, suppressed because config file syntax doesn't
+        # easily support this ;-(
+        #for locale in self.descriptions.keys():
+        #    spec_file.extend([
+        #        '',
+        #        '%description -l ' + locale,
+        #        self.descriptions[locale],
+        #        ])
+
+        # rpm scripts
+        # figure out default build script
+        def_setup_call = "%s %s" % (self.python,os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]))
+        def_build = "%s build" % def_setup_call
+        if self.use_rpm_opt_flags:
+            def_build = 'env CFLAGS="$RPM_OPT_FLAGS" ' + def_build
+
+        # insert contents of files
+
+        # XXX this is kind of misleading: user-supplied options are files
+        # that we open and interpolate into the spec file, but the defaults
+        # are just text that we drop in as-is.  Hmmm.
+
+        install_cmd = ('%s install -O1 --root=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT '
+                       '--record=INSTALLED_FILES') % def_setup_call
+
+        script_options = [
+            ('prep', 'prep_script', "%setup -n %{name}-%{unmangled_version}"),
+            ('build', 'build_script', def_build),
+            ('install', 'install_script', install_cmd),
+            ('clean', 'clean_script', "rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT"),
+            ('verifyscript', 'verify_script', None),
+            ('pre', 'pre_install', None),
+            ('post', 'post_install', None),
+            ('preun', 'pre_uninstall', None),
+            ('postun', 'post_uninstall', None),
+        ]
+
+        for (rpm_opt, attr, default) in script_options:
+            # Insert contents of file referred to, if no file is referred to
+            # use 'default' as contents of script
+            val = getattr(self, attr)
+            if val or default:
+                spec_file.extend([
+                    '',
+                    '%' + rpm_opt,])
+                if val:
+                    with open(val) as f:
+                        spec_file.extend(f.read().split('\n'))
+                else:
+                    spec_file.append(default)
+
+
+        # files section
+        spec_file.extend([
+            '',
+            '%files -f INSTALLED_FILES',
+            '%defattr(-,root,root)',
+            ])
+
+        if self.doc_files:
+            spec_file.append('%doc ' + ' '.join(self.doc_files))
+
+        if self.changelog:
+            spec_file.extend([
+                '',
+                '%changelog',])
+            spec_file.extend(self.changelog)
+
+        return spec_file
+
+    def _format_changelog(self, changelog):
+        """Format the changelog correctly and convert it to a list of strings
+        """
+        if not changelog:
+            return changelog
+        new_changelog = []
+        for line in changelog.strip().split('\n'):
+            line = line.strip()
+            if line[0] == '*':
+                new_changelog.extend(['', line])
+            elif line[0] == '-':
+                new_changelog.append(line)
+            else:
+                new_changelog.append('  ' + line)
+
+        # strip trailing newline inserted by first changelog entry
+        if not new_changelog[0]:
+            del new_changelog[0]
+
+        return new_changelog
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_wininst.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_wininst.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e9ddaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/bdist_wininst.py
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+"""distutils.command.bdist_wininst
+
+Implements the Distutils 'bdist_wininst' command: create a windows installer
+exe-program."""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import warnings
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+from distutils.dir_util import remove_tree
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_version
+from distutils import log
+
+class bdist_wininst(Command):
+
+    description = "create an executable installer for MS Windows"
+
+    user_options = [('bdist-dir=', None,
+                     "temporary directory for creating the distribution"),
+                    ('plat-name=', 'p',
+                     "platform name to embed in generated filenames "
+                     "(default: %s)" % get_platform()),
+                    ('keep-temp', 'k',
+                     "keep the pseudo-installation tree around after " +
+                     "creating the distribution archive"),
+                    ('target-version=', None,
+                     "require a specific python version" +
+                     " on the target system"),
+                    ('no-target-compile', 'c',
+                     "do not compile .py to .pyc on the target system"),
+                    ('no-target-optimize', 'o',
+                     "do not compile .py to .pyo (optimized) "
+                     "on the target system"),
+                    ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+                     "directory to put final built distributions in"),
+                    ('bitmap=', 'b',
+                     "bitmap to use for the installer instead of python-powered logo"),
+                    ('title=', 't',
+                     "title to display on the installer background instead of default"),
+                    ('skip-build', None,
+                     "skip rebuilding everything (for testing/debugging)"),
+                    ('install-script=', None,
+                     "basename of installation script to be run after "
+                     "installation or before deinstallation"),
+                    ('pre-install-script=', None,
+                     "Fully qualified filename of a script to be run before "
+                     "any files are installed.  This script need not be in the "
+                     "distribution"),
+                    ('user-access-control=', None,
+                     "specify Vista's UAC handling - 'none'/default=no "
+                     "handling, 'auto'=use UAC if target Python installed for "
+                     "all users, 'force'=always use UAC"),
+                   ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['keep-temp', 'no-target-compile', 'no-target-optimize',
+                       'skip-build']
+
+    # bpo-10945: bdist_wininst requires mbcs encoding only available on Windows
+    _unsupported = (sys.platform != "win32")
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kw)
+        warnings.warn("bdist_wininst command is deprecated since Python 3.8, "
+                      "use bdist_wheel (wheel packages) instead",
+                      DeprecationWarning, 2)
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.bdist_dir = None
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.keep_temp = 0
+        self.no_target_compile = 0
+        self.no_target_optimize = 0
+        self.target_version = None
+        self.dist_dir = None
+        self.bitmap = None
+        self.title = None
+        self.skip_build = None
+        self.install_script = None
+        self.pre_install_script = None
+        self.user_access_control = None
+
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist', ('skip_build', 'skip_build'))
+
+        if self.bdist_dir is None:
+            if self.skip_build and self.plat_name:
+                # If build is skipped and plat_name is overridden, bdist will
+                # not see the correct 'plat_name' - so set that up manually.
+                bdist = self.distribution.get_command_obj('bdist')
+                bdist.plat_name = self.plat_name
+                # next the command will be initialized using that name
+            bdist_base = self.get_finalized_command('bdist').bdist_base
+            self.bdist_dir = os.path.join(bdist_base, 'wininst')
+
+        if not self.target_version:
+            self.target_version = ""
+
+        if not self.skip_build and self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            short_version = get_python_version()
+            if self.target_version and self.target_version != short_version:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                      "target version can only be %s, or the '--skip-build'" \
+                      " option must be specified" % (short_version,))
+            self.target_version = short_version
+
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist',
+                                   ('dist_dir', 'dist_dir'),
+                                   ('plat_name', 'plat_name'),
+                                  )
+
+        if self.install_script:
+            for script in self.distribution.scripts:
+                if self.install_script == os.path.basename(script):
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                      "install_script '%s' not found in scripts"
+                      % self.install_script)
+
+    def run(self):
+        if (sys.platform != "win32" and
+            (self.distribution.has_ext_modules() or
+             self.distribution.has_c_libraries())):
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError \
+                  ("distribution contains extensions and/or C libraries; "
+                   "must be compiled on a Windows 32 platform")
+
+        if not self.skip_build:
+            self.run_command('build')
+
+        install = self.reinitialize_command('install', reinit_subcommands=1)
+        install.root = self.bdist_dir
+        install.skip_build = self.skip_build
+        install.warn_dir = 0
+        install.plat_name = self.plat_name
+
+        install_lib = self.reinitialize_command('install_lib')
+        # we do not want to include pyc or pyo files
+        install_lib.compile = 0
+        install_lib.optimize = 0
+
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            # If we are building an installer for a Python version other
+            # than the one we are currently running, then we need to ensure
+            # our build_lib reflects the other Python version rather than ours.
+            # Note that for target_version!=sys.version, we must have skipped the
+            # build step, so there is no issue with enforcing the build of this
+            # version.
+            target_version = self.target_version
+            if not target_version:
+                assert self.skip_build, "Should have already checked this"
+                target_version = '%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2]
+            plat_specifier = ".%s-%s" % (self.plat_name, target_version)
+            build = self.get_finalized_command('build')
+            build.build_lib = os.path.join(build.build_base,
+                                           'lib' + plat_specifier)
+
+        # Use a custom scheme for the zip-file, because we have to decide
+        # at installation time which scheme to use.
+        for key in ('purelib', 'platlib', 'headers', 'scripts', 'data'):
+            value = key.upper()
+            if key == 'headers':
+                value = value + '/Include/$dist_name'
+            setattr(install,
+                    'install_' + key,
+                    value)
+
+        log.info("installing to %s", self.bdist_dir)
+        install.ensure_finalized()
+
+        # avoid warning of 'install_lib' about installing
+        # into a directory not in sys.path
+        sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(self.bdist_dir, 'PURELIB'))
+
+        install.run()
+
+        del sys.path[0]
+
+        # And make an archive relative to the root of the
+        # pseudo-installation tree.
+        from tempfile import mktemp
+        archive_basename = mktemp()
+        fullname = self.distribution.get_fullname()
+        arcname = self.make_archive(archive_basename, "zip",
+                                    root_dir=self.bdist_dir)
+        # create an exe containing the zip-file
+        self.create_exe(arcname, fullname, self.bitmap)
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            pyversion = get_python_version()
+        else:
+            pyversion = 'any'
+        self.distribution.dist_files.append(('bdist_wininst', pyversion,
+                                             self.get_installer_filename(fullname)))
+        # remove the zip-file again
+        log.debug("removing temporary file '%s'", arcname)
+        os.remove(arcname)
+
+        if not self.keep_temp:
+            remove_tree(self.bdist_dir, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def get_inidata(self):
+        # Return data describing the installation.
+        lines = []
+        metadata = self.distribution.metadata
+
+        # Write the [metadata] section.
+        lines.append("[metadata]")
+
+        # 'info' will be displayed in the installer's dialog box,
+        # describing the items to be installed.
+        info = (metadata.long_description or '') + '\n'
+
+        # Escape newline characters
+        def escape(s):
+            return s.replace("\n", "\\n")
+
+        for name in ["author", "author_email", "description", "maintainer",
+                     "maintainer_email", "name", "url", "version"]:
+            data = getattr(metadata, name, "")
+            if data:
+                info = info + ("\n    %s: %s" % \
+                               (name.capitalize(), escape(data)))
+                lines.append("%s=%s" % (name, escape(data)))
+
+        # The [setup] section contains entries controlling
+        # the installer runtime.
+        lines.append("\n[Setup]")
+        if self.install_script:
+            lines.append("install_script=%s" % self.install_script)
+        lines.append("info=%s" % escape(info))
+        lines.append("target_compile=%d" % (not self.no_target_compile))
+        lines.append("target_optimize=%d" % (not self.no_target_optimize))
+        if self.target_version:
+            lines.append("target_version=%s" % self.target_version)
+        if self.user_access_control:
+            lines.append("user_access_control=%s" % self.user_access_control)
+
+        title = self.title or self.distribution.get_fullname()
+        lines.append("title=%s" % escape(title))
+        import time
+        import distutils
+        build_info = "Built %s with distutils-%s" % \
+                     (time.ctime(time.time()), distutils.__version__)
+        lines.append("build_info=%s" % build_info)
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def create_exe(self, arcname, fullname, bitmap=None):
+        import struct
+
+        self.mkpath(self.dist_dir)
+
+        cfgdata = self.get_inidata()
+
+        installer_name = self.get_installer_filename(fullname)
+        self.announce("creating %s" % installer_name)
+
+        if bitmap:
+            with open(bitmap, "rb") as f:
+                bitmapdata = f.read()
+            bitmaplen = len(bitmapdata)
+        else:
+            bitmaplen = 0
+
+        with open(installer_name, "wb") as file:
+            file.write(self.get_exe_bytes())
+            if bitmap:
+                file.write(bitmapdata)
+
+            # Convert cfgdata from unicode to ascii, mbcs encoded
+            if isinstance(cfgdata, str):
+                cfgdata = cfgdata.encode("mbcs")
+
+            # Append the pre-install script
+            cfgdata = cfgdata + b"\0"
+            if self.pre_install_script:
+                # We need to normalize newlines, so we open in text mode and
+                # convert back to bytes. "latin-1" simply avoids any possible
+                # failures.
+                with open(self.pre_install_script, "r",
+                          encoding="latin-1") as script:
+                    script_data = script.read().encode("latin-1")
+                cfgdata = cfgdata + script_data + b"\n\0"
+            else:
+                # empty pre-install script
+                cfgdata = cfgdata + b"\0"
+            file.write(cfgdata)
+
+            # The 'magic number' 0x1234567B is used to make sure that the
+            # binary layout of 'cfgdata' is what the wininst.exe binary
+            # expects.  If the layout changes, increment that number, make
+            # the corresponding changes to the wininst.exe sources, and
+            # recompile them.
+            header = struct.pack("<iii",
+                                0x1234567B,       # tag
+                                len(cfgdata),     # length
+                                bitmaplen,        # number of bytes in bitmap
+                                )
+            file.write(header)
+            with open(arcname, "rb") as f:
+                file.write(f.read())
+
+    def get_installer_filename(self, fullname):
+        # Factored out to allow overriding in subclasses
+        if self.target_version:
+            # if we create an installer for a specific python version,
+            # it's better to include this in the name
+            installer_name = os.path.join(self.dist_dir,
+                                          "%s.%s-py%s.exe" %
+                                           (fullname, self.plat_name, self.target_version))
+        else:
+            installer_name = os.path.join(self.dist_dir,
+                                          "%s.%s.exe" % (fullname, self.plat_name))
+        return installer_name
+
+    def get_exe_bytes(self):
+        # If a target-version other than the current version has been
+        # specified, then using the MSVC version from *this* build is no good.
+        # Without actually finding and executing the target version and parsing
+        # its sys.version, we just hard-code our knowledge of old versions.
+        # NOTE: Possible alternative is to allow "--target-version" to
+        # specify a Python executable rather than a simple version string.
+        # We can then execute this program to obtain any info we need, such
+        # as the real sys.version string for the build.
+        cur_version = get_python_version()
+
+        # If the target version is *later* than us, then we assume they
+        # use what we use
+        # string compares seem wrong, but are what sysconfig.py itself uses
+        if self.target_version and self.target_version < cur_version:
+            if self.target_version < "2.4":
+                bv = '6.0'
+            elif self.target_version == "2.4":
+                bv = '7.1'
+            elif self.target_version == "2.5":
+                bv = '8.0'
+            elif self.target_version <= "3.2":
+                bv = '9.0'
+            elif self.target_version <= "3.4":
+                bv = '10.0'
+            else:
+                bv = '14.0'
+        else:
+            # for current version - use authoritative check.
+            try:
+                from msvcrt import CRT_ASSEMBLY_VERSION
+            except ImportError:
+                # cross-building, so assume the latest version
+                bv = '14.0'
+            else:
+                # as far as we know, CRT is binary compatible based on
+                # the first field, so assume 'x.0' until proven otherwise
+                major = CRT_ASSEMBLY_VERSION.partition('.')[0]
+                bv = major + '.0'
+
+
+        # wininst-x.y.exe is in the same directory as this file
+        directory = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+        # we must use a wininst-x.y.exe built with the same C compiler
+        # used for python.  XXX What about mingw, borland, and so on?
+
+        # if plat_name starts with "win" but is not "win32"
+        # we want to strip "win" and leave the rest (e.g. -amd64)
+        # for all other cases, we don't want any suffix
+        if self.plat_name != 'win32' and self.plat_name[:3] == 'win':
+            sfix = self.plat_name[3:]
+        else:
+            sfix = ''
+
+        filename = os.path.join(directory, "wininst-%s%s.exe" % (bv, sfix))
+        f = open(filename, "rb")
+        try:
+            return f.read()
+        finally:
+            f.close()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4355a63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build.py
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+"""distutils.command.build
+
+Implements the Distutils 'build' command."""
+
+import sys, os
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+
+
+def show_compilers():
+    from distutils.ccompiler import show_compilers
+    show_compilers()
+
+
+class build(Command):
+
+    description = "build everything needed to install"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('build-base=', 'b',
+         "base directory for build library"),
+        ('build-purelib=', None,
+         "build directory for platform-neutral distributions"),
+        ('build-platlib=', None,
+         "build directory for platform-specific distributions"),
+        ('build-lib=', None,
+         "build directory for all distribution (defaults to either " +
+         "build-purelib or build-platlib"),
+        ('build-scripts=', None,
+         "build directory for scripts"),
+        ('build-temp=', 't',
+         "temporary build directory"),
+        ('plat-name=', 'p',
+         "platform name to build for, if supported "
+         "(default: %s)" % get_platform()),
+        ('compiler=', 'c',
+         "specify the compiler type"),
+        ('parallel=', 'j',
+         "number of parallel build jobs"),
+        ('debug', 'g',
+         "compile extensions and libraries with debugging information"),
+        ('force', 'f',
+         "forcibly build everything (ignore file timestamps)"),
+        ('executable=', 'e',
+         "specify final destination interpreter path (build.py)"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['debug', 'force']
+
+    help_options = [
+        ('help-compiler', None,
+         "list available compilers", show_compilers),
+        ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.build_base = 'build'
+        # these are decided only after 'build_base' has its final value
+        # (unless overridden by the user or client)
+        self.build_purelib = None
+        self.build_platlib = None
+        self.build_lib = None
+        self.build_temp = None
+        self.build_scripts = None
+        self.compiler = None
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.debug = None
+        self.force = 0
+        self.executable = None
+        self.parallel = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        if self.plat_name is None:
+            self.plat_name = get_platform()
+        else:
+            # plat-name only supported for windows (other platforms are
+            # supported via ./configure flags, if at all).  Avoid misleading
+            # other platforms.
+            if os.name != 'nt':
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                            "--plat-name only supported on Windows (try "
+                            "using './configure --help' on your platform)")
+
+        plat_specifier = ".%s-%d.%d" % (self.plat_name, *sys.version_info[:2])
+
+        # Make it so Python 2.x and Python 2.x with --with-pydebug don't
+        # share the same build directories. Doing so confuses the build
+        # process for C modules
+        if hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount'):
+            plat_specifier += '-pydebug'
+
+        # 'build_purelib' and 'build_platlib' just default to 'lib' and
+        # 'lib.<plat>' under the base build directory.  We only use one of
+        # them for a given distribution, though --
+        if self.build_purelib is None:
+            self.build_purelib = os.path.join(self.build_base, 'lib')
+        if self.build_platlib is None:
+            self.build_platlib = os.path.join(self.build_base,
+                                              'lib' + plat_specifier)
+
+        # 'build_lib' is the actual directory that we will use for this
+        # particular module distribution -- if user didn't supply it, pick
+        # one of 'build_purelib' or 'build_platlib'.
+        if self.build_lib is None:
+            if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+                self.build_lib = self.build_platlib
+            else:
+                self.build_lib = self.build_purelib
+
+        # 'build_temp' -- temporary directory for compiler turds,
+        # "build/temp.<plat>"
+        if self.build_temp is None:
+            self.build_temp = os.path.join(self.build_base,
+                                           'temp' + plat_specifier)
+        if self.build_scripts is None:
+            self.build_scripts = os.path.join(self.build_base,
+                                              'scripts-%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2])
+
+        if self.executable is None and sys.executable:
+            self.executable = os.path.normpath(sys.executable)
+
+        if isinstance(self.parallel, str):
+            try:
+                self.parallel = int(self.parallel)
+            except ValueError:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError("parallel should be an integer")
+
+    def run(self):
+        # Run all relevant sub-commands.  This will be some subset of:
+        #  - build_py      - pure Python modules
+        #  - build_clib    - standalone C libraries
+        #  - build_ext     - Python extensions
+        #  - build_scripts - (Python) scripts
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            self.run_command(cmd_name)
+
+
+    # -- Predicates for the sub-command list ---------------------------
+
+    def has_pure_modules(self):
+        return self.distribution.has_pure_modules()
+
+    def has_c_libraries(self):
+        return self.distribution.has_c_libraries()
+
+    def has_ext_modules(self):
+        return self.distribution.has_ext_modules()
+
+    def has_scripts(self):
+        return self.distribution.has_scripts()
+
+
+    sub_commands = [('build_py',      has_pure_modules),
+                    ('build_clib',    has_c_libraries),
+                    ('build_ext',     has_ext_modules),
+                    ('build_scripts', has_scripts),
+                   ]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_clib.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_clib.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e20ef2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_clib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+"""distutils.command.build_clib
+
+Implements the Distutils 'build_clib' command, to build a C/C++ library
+that is included in the module distribution and needed by an extension
+module."""
+
+
+# XXX this module has *lots* of code ripped-off quite transparently from
+# build_ext.py -- not surprisingly really, as the work required to build
+# a static library from a collection of C source files is not really all
+# that different from what's required to build a shared object file from
+# a collection of C source files.  Nevertheless, I haven't done the
+# necessary refactoring to account for the overlap in code between the
+# two modules, mainly because a number of subtle details changed in the
+# cut 'n paste.  Sigh.
+
+import os
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils.sysconfig import customize_compiler
+from distutils import log
+
+def show_compilers():
+    from distutils.ccompiler import show_compilers
+    show_compilers()
+
+
+class build_clib(Command):
+
+    description = "build C/C++ libraries used by Python extensions"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('build-clib=', 'b',
+         "directory to build C/C++ libraries to"),
+        ('build-temp=', 't',
+         "directory to put temporary build by-products"),
+        ('debug', 'g',
+         "compile with debugging information"),
+        ('force', 'f',
+         "forcibly build everything (ignore file timestamps)"),
+        ('compiler=', 'c',
+         "specify the compiler type"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['debug', 'force']
+
+    help_options = [
+        ('help-compiler', None,
+         "list available compilers", show_compilers),
+        ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.build_clib = None
+        self.build_temp = None
+
+        # List of libraries to build
+        self.libraries = None
+
+        # Compilation options for all libraries
+        self.include_dirs = None
+        self.define = None
+        self.undef = None
+        self.debug = None
+        self.force = 0
+        self.compiler = None
+
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        # This might be confusing: both build-clib and build-temp default
+        # to build-temp as defined by the "build" command.  This is because
+        # I think that C libraries are really just temporary build
+        # by-products, at least from the point of view of building Python
+        # extensions -- but I want to keep my options open.
+        self.set_undefined_options('build',
+                                   ('build_temp', 'build_clib'),
+                                   ('build_temp', 'build_temp'),
+                                   ('compiler', 'compiler'),
+                                   ('debug', 'debug'),
+                                   ('force', 'force'))
+
+        self.libraries = self.distribution.libraries
+        if self.libraries:
+            self.check_library_list(self.libraries)
+
+        if self.include_dirs is None:
+            self.include_dirs = self.distribution.include_dirs or []
+        if isinstance(self.include_dirs, str):
+            self.include_dirs = self.include_dirs.split(os.pathsep)
+
+        # XXX same as for build_ext -- what about 'self.define' and
+        # 'self.undef' ?
+
+
+    def run(self):
+        if not self.libraries:
+            return
+
+        # Yech -- this is cut 'n pasted from build_ext.py!
+        from distutils.ccompiler import new_compiler
+        self.compiler = new_compiler(compiler=self.compiler,
+                                     dry_run=self.dry_run,
+                                     force=self.force)
+        customize_compiler(self.compiler)
+
+        if self.include_dirs is not None:
+            self.compiler.set_include_dirs(self.include_dirs)
+        if self.define is not None:
+            # 'define' option is a list of (name,value) tuples
+            for (name,value) in self.define:
+                self.compiler.define_macro(name, value)
+        if self.undef is not None:
+            for macro in self.undef:
+                self.compiler.undefine_macro(macro)
+
+        self.build_libraries(self.libraries)
+
+
+    def check_library_list(self, libraries):
+        """Ensure that the list of libraries is valid.
+
+        `library` is presumably provided as a command option 'libraries'.
+        This method checks that it is a list of 2-tuples, where the tuples
+        are (library_name, build_info_dict).
+
+        Raise DistutilsSetupError if the structure is invalid anywhere;
+        just returns otherwise.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(libraries, list):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                  "'libraries' option must be a list of tuples")
+
+        for lib in libraries:
+            if not isinstance(lib, tuple) and len(lib) != 2:
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                      "each element of 'libraries' must a 2-tuple")
+
+            name, build_info = lib
+
+            if not isinstance(name, str):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                      "first element of each tuple in 'libraries' "
+                      "must be a string (the library name)")
+
+            if '/' in name or (os.sep != '/' and os.sep in name):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError("bad library name '%s': "
+                       "may not contain directory separators" % lib[0])
+
+            if not isinstance(build_info, dict):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                      "second element of each tuple in 'libraries' "
+                      "must be a dictionary (build info)")
+
+
+    def get_library_names(self):
+        # Assume the library list is valid -- 'check_library_list()' is
+        # called from 'finalize_options()', so it should be!
+        if not self.libraries:
+            return None
+
+        lib_names = []
+        for (lib_name, build_info) in self.libraries:
+            lib_names.append(lib_name)
+        return lib_names
+
+
+    def get_source_files(self):
+        self.check_library_list(self.libraries)
+        filenames = []
+        for (lib_name, build_info) in self.libraries:
+            sources = build_info.get('sources')
+            if sources is None or not isinstance(sources, (list, tuple)):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                       "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                       "'sources' must be present and must be "
+                       "a list of source filenames" % lib_name)
+
+            filenames.extend(sources)
+        return filenames
+
+
+    def build_libraries(self, libraries):
+        for (lib_name, build_info) in libraries:
+            sources = build_info.get('sources')
+            if sources is None or not isinstance(sources, (list, tuple)):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                       "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                       "'sources' must be present and must be "
+                       "a list of source filenames" % lib_name)
+            sources = list(sources)
+
+            log.info("building '%s' library", lib_name)
+
+            # First, compile the source code to object files in the library
+            # directory.  (This should probably change to putting object
+            # files in a temporary build directory.)
+            macros = build_info.get('macros')
+            include_dirs = build_info.get('include_dirs')
+            objects = self.compiler.compile(sources,
+                                            output_dir=self.build_temp,
+                                            macros=macros,
+                                            include_dirs=include_dirs,
+                                            debug=self.debug)
+
+            # Now "link" the object files together into a static library.
+            # (On Unix at least, this isn't really linking -- it just
+            # builds an archive.  Whatever.)
+            self.compiler.create_static_lib(objects, lib_name,
+                                            output_dir=self.build_clib,
+                                            debug=self.debug)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_ext.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_ext.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..181671b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_ext.py
@@ -0,0 +1,755 @@
+"""distutils.command.build_ext
+
+Implements the Distutils 'build_ext' command, for building extension
+modules (currently limited to C extensions, should accommodate C++
+extensions ASAP)."""
+
+import contextlib
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils.sysconfig import customize_compiler, get_python_version
+from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_h_filename
+from distutils.dep_util import newer_group
+from distutils.extension import Extension
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+from distutils import log
+from . import py37compat
+
+from site import USER_BASE
+
+# An extension name is just a dot-separated list of Python NAMEs (ie.
+# the same as a fully-qualified module name).
+extension_name_re = re.compile \
+    (r'^[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*(\.[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)*$')
+
+
+def show_compilers ():
+    from distutils.ccompiler import show_compilers
+    show_compilers()
+
+
+class build_ext(Command):
+
+    description = "build C/C++ extensions (compile/link to build directory)"
+
+    # XXX thoughts on how to deal with complex command-line options like
+    # these, i.e. how to make it so fancy_getopt can suck them off the
+    # command line and make it look like setup.py defined the appropriate
+    # lists of tuples of what-have-you.
+    #   - each command needs a callback to process its command-line options
+    #   - Command.__init__() needs access to its share of the whole
+    #     command line (must ultimately come from
+    #     Distribution.parse_command_line())
+    #   - it then calls the current command class' option-parsing
+    #     callback to deal with weird options like -D, which have to
+    #     parse the option text and churn out some custom data
+    #     structure
+    #   - that data structure (in this case, a list of 2-tuples)
+    #     will then be present in the command object by the time
+    #     we get to finalize_options() (i.e. the constructor
+    #     takes care of both command-line and client options
+    #     in between initialize_options() and finalize_options())
+
+    sep_by = " (separated by '%s')" % os.pathsep
+    user_options = [
+        ('build-lib=', 'b',
+         "directory for compiled extension modules"),
+        ('build-temp=', 't',
+         "directory for temporary files (build by-products)"),
+        ('plat-name=', 'p',
+         "platform name to cross-compile for, if supported "
+         "(default: %s)" % get_platform()),
+        ('inplace', 'i',
+         "ignore build-lib and put compiled extensions into the source " +
+         "directory alongside your pure Python modules"),
+        ('include-dirs=', 'I',
+         "list of directories to search for header files" + sep_by),
+        ('define=', 'D',
+         "C preprocessor macros to define"),
+        ('undef=', 'U',
+         "C preprocessor macros to undefine"),
+        ('libraries=', 'l',
+         "external C libraries to link with"),
+        ('library-dirs=', 'L',
+         "directories to search for external C libraries" + sep_by),
+        ('rpath=', 'R',
+         "directories to search for shared C libraries at runtime"),
+        ('link-objects=', 'O',
+         "extra explicit link objects to include in the link"),
+        ('debug', 'g',
+         "compile/link with debugging information"),
+        ('force', 'f',
+         "forcibly build everything (ignore file timestamps)"),
+        ('compiler=', 'c',
+         "specify the compiler type"),
+        ('parallel=', 'j',
+         "number of parallel build jobs"),
+        ('swig-cpp', None,
+         "make SWIG create C++ files (default is C)"),
+        ('swig-opts=', None,
+         "list of SWIG command line options"),
+        ('swig=', None,
+         "path to the SWIG executable"),
+        ('user', None,
+         "add user include, library and rpath")
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['inplace', 'debug', 'force', 'swig-cpp', 'user']
+
+    help_options = [
+        ('help-compiler', None,
+         "list available compilers", show_compilers),
+        ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.extensions = None
+        self.build_lib = None
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.build_temp = None
+        self.inplace = 0
+        self.package = None
+
+        self.include_dirs = None
+        self.define = None
+        self.undef = None
+        self.libraries = None
+        self.library_dirs = None
+        self.rpath = None
+        self.link_objects = None
+        self.debug = None
+        self.force = None
+        self.compiler = None
+        self.swig = None
+        self.swig_cpp = None
+        self.swig_opts = None
+        self.user = None
+        self.parallel = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        from distutils import sysconfig
+
+        self.set_undefined_options('build',
+                                   ('build_lib', 'build_lib'),
+                                   ('build_temp', 'build_temp'),
+                                   ('compiler', 'compiler'),
+                                   ('debug', 'debug'),
+                                   ('force', 'force'),
+                                   ('parallel', 'parallel'),
+                                   ('plat_name', 'plat_name'),
+                                   )
+
+        if self.package is None:
+            self.package = self.distribution.ext_package
+
+        self.extensions = self.distribution.ext_modules
+
+        # Make sure Python's include directories (for Python.h, pyconfig.h,
+        # etc.) are in the include search path.
+        py_include = sysconfig.get_python_inc()
+        plat_py_include = sysconfig.get_python_inc(plat_specific=1)
+        if self.include_dirs is None:
+            self.include_dirs = self.distribution.include_dirs or []
+        if isinstance(self.include_dirs, str):
+            self.include_dirs = self.include_dirs.split(os.pathsep)
+
+        # If in a virtualenv, add its include directory
+        # Issue 16116
+        if sys.exec_prefix != sys.base_exec_prefix:
+            self.include_dirs.append(os.path.join(sys.exec_prefix, 'include'))
+
+        # Put the Python "system" include dir at the end, so that
+        # any local include dirs take precedence.
+        self.include_dirs.extend(py_include.split(os.path.pathsep))
+        if plat_py_include != py_include:
+            self.include_dirs.extend(
+                plat_py_include.split(os.path.pathsep))
+
+        self.ensure_string_list('libraries')
+        self.ensure_string_list('link_objects')
+
+        # Life is easier if we're not forever checking for None, so
+        # simplify these options to empty lists if unset
+        if self.libraries is None:
+            self.libraries = []
+        if self.library_dirs is None:
+            self.library_dirs = []
+        elif isinstance(self.library_dirs, str):
+            self.library_dirs = self.library_dirs.split(os.pathsep)
+
+        if self.rpath is None:
+            self.rpath = []
+        elif isinstance(self.rpath, str):
+            self.rpath = self.rpath.split(os.pathsep)
+
+        # for extensions under windows use different directories
+        # for Release and Debug builds.
+        # also Python's library directory must be appended to library_dirs
+        if os.name == 'nt':
+            # the 'libs' directory is for binary installs - we assume that
+            # must be the *native* platform.  But we don't really support
+            # cross-compiling via a binary install anyway, so we let it go.
+            self.library_dirs.append(os.path.join(sys.exec_prefix, 'libs'))
+            if sys.base_exec_prefix != sys.prefix:  # Issue 16116
+                self.library_dirs.append(os.path.join(sys.base_exec_prefix, 'libs'))
+            if self.debug:
+                self.build_temp = os.path.join(self.build_temp, "Debug")
+            else:
+                self.build_temp = os.path.join(self.build_temp, "Release")
+
+            # Append the source distribution include and library directories,
+            # this allows distutils on windows to work in the source tree
+            self.include_dirs.append(os.path.dirname(get_config_h_filename()))
+            self.library_dirs.append(sys.base_exec_prefix)
+
+            # Use the .lib files for the correct architecture
+            if self.plat_name == 'win32':
+                suffix = 'win32'
+            else:
+                # win-amd64
+                suffix = self.plat_name[4:]
+            new_lib = os.path.join(sys.exec_prefix, 'PCbuild')
+            if suffix:
+                new_lib = os.path.join(new_lib, suffix)
+            self.library_dirs.append(new_lib)
+
+        # For extensions under Cygwin, Python's library directory must be
+        # appended to library_dirs
+        if sys.platform[:6] == 'cygwin':
+            if not sysconfig.python_build:
+                # building third party extensions
+                self.library_dirs.append(os.path.join(sys.prefix, "lib",
+                                                      "python" + get_python_version(),
+                                                      "config"))
+            else:
+                # building python standard extensions
+                self.library_dirs.append('.')
+
+        # For building extensions with a shared Python library,
+        # Python's library directory must be appended to library_dirs
+        # See Issues: #1600860, #4366
+        if (sysconfig.get_config_var('Py_ENABLE_SHARED')):
+            if not sysconfig.python_build:
+                # building third party extensions
+                self.library_dirs.append(sysconfig.get_config_var('LIBDIR'))
+            else:
+                # building python standard extensions
+                self.library_dirs.append('.')
+
+        # The argument parsing will result in self.define being a string, but
+        # it has to be a list of 2-tuples.  All the preprocessor symbols
+        # specified by the 'define' option will be set to '1'.  Multiple
+        # symbols can be separated with commas.
+
+        if self.define:
+            defines = self.define.split(',')
+            self.define = [(symbol, '1') for symbol in defines]
+
+        # The option for macros to undefine is also a string from the
+        # option parsing, but has to be a list.  Multiple symbols can also
+        # be separated with commas here.
+        if self.undef:
+            self.undef = self.undef.split(',')
+
+        if self.swig_opts is None:
+            self.swig_opts = []
+        else:
+            self.swig_opts = self.swig_opts.split(' ')
+
+        # Finally add the user include and library directories if requested
+        if self.user:
+            user_include = os.path.join(USER_BASE, "include")
+            user_lib = os.path.join(USER_BASE, "lib")
+            if os.path.isdir(user_include):
+                self.include_dirs.append(user_include)
+            if os.path.isdir(user_lib):
+                self.library_dirs.append(user_lib)
+                self.rpath.append(user_lib)
+
+        if isinstance(self.parallel, str):
+            try:
+                self.parallel = int(self.parallel)
+            except ValueError:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError("parallel should be an integer")
+
+    def run(self):
+        from distutils.ccompiler import new_compiler
+
+        # 'self.extensions', as supplied by setup.py, is a list of
+        # Extension instances.  See the documentation for Extension (in
+        # distutils.extension) for details.
+        #
+        # For backwards compatibility with Distutils 0.8.2 and earlier, we
+        # also allow the 'extensions' list to be a list of tuples:
+        #    (ext_name, build_info)
+        # where build_info is a dictionary containing everything that
+        # Extension instances do except the name, with a few things being
+        # differently named.  We convert these 2-tuples to Extension
+        # instances as needed.
+
+        if not self.extensions:
+            return
+
+        # If we were asked to build any C/C++ libraries, make sure that the
+        # directory where we put them is in the library search path for
+        # linking extensions.
+        if self.distribution.has_c_libraries():
+            build_clib = self.get_finalized_command('build_clib')
+            self.libraries.extend(build_clib.get_library_names() or [])
+            self.library_dirs.append(build_clib.build_clib)
+
+        # Setup the CCompiler object that we'll use to do all the
+        # compiling and linking
+        self.compiler = new_compiler(compiler=self.compiler,
+                                     verbose=self.verbose,
+                                     dry_run=self.dry_run,
+                                     force=self.force)
+        customize_compiler(self.compiler)
+        # If we are cross-compiling, init the compiler now (if we are not
+        # cross-compiling, init would not hurt, but people may rely on
+        # late initialization of compiler even if they shouldn't...)
+        if os.name == 'nt' and self.plat_name != get_platform():
+            self.compiler.initialize(self.plat_name)
+
+        # And make sure that any compile/link-related options (which might
+        # come from the command-line or from the setup script) are set in
+        # that CCompiler object -- that way, they automatically apply to
+        # all compiling and linking done here.
+        if self.include_dirs is not None:
+            self.compiler.set_include_dirs(self.include_dirs)
+        if self.define is not None:
+            # 'define' option is a list of (name,value) tuples
+            for (name, value) in self.define:
+                self.compiler.define_macro(name, value)
+        if self.undef is not None:
+            for macro in self.undef:
+                self.compiler.undefine_macro(macro)
+        if self.libraries is not None:
+            self.compiler.set_libraries(self.libraries)
+        if self.library_dirs is not None:
+            self.compiler.set_library_dirs(self.library_dirs)
+        if self.rpath is not None:
+            self.compiler.set_runtime_library_dirs(self.rpath)
+        if self.link_objects is not None:
+            self.compiler.set_link_objects(self.link_objects)
+
+        # Now actually compile and link everything.
+        self.build_extensions()
+
+    def check_extensions_list(self, extensions):
+        """Ensure that the list of extensions (presumably provided as a
+        command option 'extensions') is valid, i.e. it is a list of
+        Extension objects.  We also support the old-style list of 2-tuples,
+        where the tuples are (ext_name, build_info), which are converted to
+        Extension instances here.
+
+        Raise DistutilsSetupError if the structure is invalid anywhere;
+        just returns otherwise.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(extensions, list):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                  "'ext_modules' option must be a list of Extension instances")
+
+        for i, ext in enumerate(extensions):
+            if isinstance(ext, Extension):
+                continue                # OK! (assume type-checking done
+                                        # by Extension constructor)
+
+            if not isinstance(ext, tuple) or len(ext) != 2:
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                       "each element of 'ext_modules' option must be an "
+                       "Extension instance or 2-tuple")
+
+            ext_name, build_info = ext
+
+            log.warn("old-style (ext_name, build_info) tuple found in "
+                     "ext_modules for extension '%s' "
+                     "-- please convert to Extension instance", ext_name)
+
+            if not (isinstance(ext_name, str) and
+                    extension_name_re.match(ext_name)):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                       "first element of each tuple in 'ext_modules' "
+                       "must be the extension name (a string)")
+
+            if not isinstance(build_info, dict):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                       "second element of each tuple in 'ext_modules' "
+                       "must be a dictionary (build info)")
+
+            # OK, the (ext_name, build_info) dict is type-safe: convert it
+            # to an Extension instance.
+            ext = Extension(ext_name, build_info['sources'])
+
+            # Easy stuff: one-to-one mapping from dict elements to
+            # instance attributes.
+            for key in ('include_dirs', 'library_dirs', 'libraries',
+                        'extra_objects', 'extra_compile_args',
+                        'extra_link_args'):
+                val = build_info.get(key)
+                if val is not None:
+                    setattr(ext, key, val)
+
+            # Medium-easy stuff: same syntax/semantics, different names.
+            ext.runtime_library_dirs = build_info.get('rpath')
+            if 'def_file' in build_info:
+                log.warn("'def_file' element of build info dict "
+                         "no longer supported")
+
+            # Non-trivial stuff: 'macros' split into 'define_macros'
+            # and 'undef_macros'.
+            macros = build_info.get('macros')
+            if macros:
+                ext.define_macros = []
+                ext.undef_macros = []
+                for macro in macros:
+                    if not (isinstance(macro, tuple) and len(macro) in (1, 2)):
+                        raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                              "'macros' element of build info dict "
+                              "must be 1- or 2-tuple")
+                    if len(macro) == 1:
+                        ext.undef_macros.append(macro[0])
+                    elif len(macro) == 2:
+                        ext.define_macros.append(macro)
+
+            extensions[i] = ext
+
+    def get_source_files(self):
+        self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions)
+        filenames = []
+
+        # Wouldn't it be neat if we knew the names of header files too...
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            filenames.extend(ext.sources)
+        return filenames
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        # Sanity check the 'extensions' list -- can't assume this is being
+        # done in the same run as a 'build_extensions()' call (in fact, we
+        # can probably assume that it *isn't*!).
+        self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions)
+
+        # And build the list of output (built) filenames.  Note that this
+        # ignores the 'inplace' flag, and assumes everything goes in the
+        # "build" tree.
+        outputs = []
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            outputs.append(self.get_ext_fullpath(ext.name))
+        return outputs
+
+    def build_extensions(self):
+        # First, sanity-check the 'extensions' list
+        self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions)
+        if self.parallel:
+            self._build_extensions_parallel()
+        else:
+            self._build_extensions_serial()
+
+    def _build_extensions_parallel(self):
+        workers = self.parallel
+        if self.parallel is True:
+            workers = os.cpu_count()  # may return None
+        try:
+            from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
+        except ImportError:
+            workers = None
+
+        if workers is None:
+            self._build_extensions_serial()
+            return
+
+        with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=workers) as executor:
+            futures = [executor.submit(self.build_extension, ext)
+                       for ext in self.extensions]
+            for ext, fut in zip(self.extensions, futures):
+                with self._filter_build_errors(ext):
+                    fut.result()
+
+    def _build_extensions_serial(self):
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            with self._filter_build_errors(ext):
+                self.build_extension(ext)
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _filter_build_errors(self, ext):
+        try:
+            yield
+        except (CCompilerError, DistutilsError, CompileError) as e:
+            if not ext.optional:
+                raise
+            self.warn('building extension "%s" failed: %s' %
+                      (ext.name, e))
+
+    def build_extension(self, ext):
+        sources = ext.sources
+        if sources is None or not isinstance(sources, (list, tuple)):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                  "in 'ext_modules' option (extension '%s'), "
+                  "'sources' must be present and must be "
+                  "a list of source filenames" % ext.name)
+        # sort to make the resulting .so file build reproducible
+        sources = sorted(sources)
+
+        ext_path = self.get_ext_fullpath(ext.name)
+        depends = sources + ext.depends
+        if not (self.force or newer_group(depends, ext_path, 'newer')):
+            log.debug("skipping '%s' extension (up-to-date)", ext.name)
+            return
+        else:
+            log.info("building '%s' extension", ext.name)
+
+        # First, scan the sources for SWIG definition files (.i), run
+        # SWIG on 'em to create .c files, and modify the sources list
+        # accordingly.
+        sources = self.swig_sources(sources, ext)
+
+        # Next, compile the source code to object files.
+
+        # XXX not honouring 'define_macros' or 'undef_macros' -- the
+        # CCompiler API needs to change to accommodate this, and I
+        # want to do one thing at a time!
+
+        # Two possible sources for extra compiler arguments:
+        #   - 'extra_compile_args' in Extension object
+        #   - CFLAGS environment variable (not particularly
+        #     elegant, but people seem to expect it and I
+        #     guess it's useful)
+        # The environment variable should take precedence, and
+        # any sensible compiler will give precedence to later
+        # command line args.  Hence we combine them in order:
+        extra_args = ext.extra_compile_args or []
+
+        macros = ext.define_macros[:]
+        for undef in ext.undef_macros:
+            macros.append((undef,))
+
+        objects = self.compiler.compile(sources,
+                                         output_dir=self.build_temp,
+                                         macros=macros,
+                                         include_dirs=ext.include_dirs,
+                                         debug=self.debug,
+                                         extra_postargs=extra_args,
+                                         depends=ext.depends)
+
+        # XXX outdated variable, kept here in case third-part code
+        # needs it.
+        self._built_objects = objects[:]
+
+        # Now link the object files together into a "shared object" --
+        # of course, first we have to figure out all the other things
+        # that go into the mix.
+        if ext.extra_objects:
+            objects.extend(ext.extra_objects)
+        extra_args = ext.extra_link_args or []
+
+        # Detect target language, if not provided
+        language = ext.language or self.compiler.detect_language(sources)
+
+        self.compiler.link_shared_object(
+            objects, ext_path,
+            libraries=self.get_libraries(ext),
+            library_dirs=ext.library_dirs,
+            runtime_library_dirs=ext.runtime_library_dirs,
+            extra_postargs=extra_args,
+            export_symbols=self.get_export_symbols(ext),
+            debug=self.debug,
+            build_temp=self.build_temp,
+            target_lang=language)
+
+    def swig_sources(self, sources, extension):
+        """Walk the list of source files in 'sources', looking for SWIG
+        interface (.i) files.  Run SWIG on all that are found, and
+        return a modified 'sources' list with SWIG source files replaced
+        by the generated C (or C++) files.
+        """
+        new_sources = []
+        swig_sources = []
+        swig_targets = {}
+
+        # XXX this drops generated C/C++ files into the source tree, which
+        # is fine for developers who want to distribute the generated
+        # source -- but there should be an option to put SWIG output in
+        # the temp dir.
+
+        if self.swig_cpp:
+            log.warn("--swig-cpp is deprecated - use --swig-opts=-c++")
+
+        if self.swig_cpp or ('-c++' in self.swig_opts) or \
+           ('-c++' in extension.swig_opts):
+            target_ext = '.cpp'
+        else:
+            target_ext = '.c'
+
+        for source in sources:
+            (base, ext) = os.path.splitext(source)
+            if ext == ".i":             # SWIG interface file
+                new_sources.append(base + '_wrap' + target_ext)
+                swig_sources.append(source)
+                swig_targets[source] = new_sources[-1]
+            else:
+                new_sources.append(source)
+
+        if not swig_sources:
+            return new_sources
+
+        swig = self.swig or self.find_swig()
+        swig_cmd = [swig, "-python"]
+        swig_cmd.extend(self.swig_opts)
+        if self.swig_cpp:
+            swig_cmd.append("-c++")
+
+        # Do not override commandline arguments
+        if not self.swig_opts:
+            for o in extension.swig_opts:
+                swig_cmd.append(o)
+
+        for source in swig_sources:
+            target = swig_targets[source]
+            log.info("swigging %s to %s", source, target)
+            self.spawn(swig_cmd + ["-o", target, source])
+
+        return new_sources
+
+    def find_swig(self):
+        """Return the name of the SWIG executable.  On Unix, this is
+        just "swig" -- it should be in the PATH.  Tries a bit harder on
+        Windows.
+        """
+        if os.name == "posix":
+            return "swig"
+        elif os.name == "nt":
+            # Look for SWIG in its standard installation directory on
+            # Windows (or so I presume!).  If we find it there, great;
+            # if not, act like Unix and assume it's in the PATH.
+            for vers in ("1.3", "1.2", "1.1"):
+                fn = os.path.join("c:\\swig%s" % vers, "swig.exe")
+                if os.path.isfile(fn):
+                    return fn
+            else:
+                return "swig.exe"
+        else:
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+                  "I don't know how to find (much less run) SWIG "
+                  "on platform '%s'" % os.name)
+
+    # -- Name generators -----------------------------------------------
+    # (extension names, filenames, whatever)
+    def get_ext_fullpath(self, ext_name):
+        """Returns the path of the filename for a given extension.
+
+        The file is located in `build_lib` or directly in the package
+        (inplace option).
+        """
+        fullname = self.get_ext_fullname(ext_name)
+        modpath = fullname.split('.')
+        filename = self.get_ext_filename(modpath[-1])
+
+        if not self.inplace:
+            # no further work needed
+            # returning :
+            #   build_dir/package/path/filename
+            filename = os.path.join(*modpath[:-1]+[filename])
+            return os.path.join(self.build_lib, filename)
+
+        # the inplace option requires to find the package directory
+        # using the build_py command for that
+        package = '.'.join(modpath[0:-1])
+        build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+        package_dir = os.path.abspath(build_py.get_package_dir(package))
+
+        # returning
+        #   package_dir/filename
+        return os.path.join(package_dir, filename)
+
+    def get_ext_fullname(self, ext_name):
+        """Returns the fullname of a given extension name.
+
+        Adds the `package.` prefix"""
+        if self.package is None:
+            return ext_name
+        else:
+            return self.package + '.' + ext_name
+
+    def get_ext_filename(self, ext_name):
+        r"""Convert the name of an extension (eg. "foo.bar") into the name
+        of the file from which it will be loaded (eg. "foo/bar.so", or
+        "foo\bar.pyd").
+        """
+        from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_var
+        ext_path = ext_name.split('.')
+        ext_suffix = get_config_var('EXT_SUFFIX')
+        return os.path.join(*ext_path) + ext_suffix
+
+    def get_export_symbols(self, ext):
+        """Return the list of symbols that a shared extension has to
+        export.  This either uses 'ext.export_symbols' or, if it's not
+        provided, "PyInit_" + module_name.  Only relevant on Windows, where
+        the .pyd file (DLL) must export the module "PyInit_" function.
+        """
+        name = ext.name.split('.')[-1]
+        try:
+            # Unicode module name support as defined in PEP-489
+            # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0489/#export-hook-name
+            name.encode('ascii')
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            suffix = 'U_' + name.encode('punycode').replace(b'-', b'_').decode('ascii')
+        else:
+            suffix = "_" + name
+
+        initfunc_name = "PyInit" + suffix
+        if initfunc_name not in ext.export_symbols:
+            ext.export_symbols.append(initfunc_name)
+        return ext.export_symbols
+
+    def get_libraries(self, ext):
+        """Return the list of libraries to link against when building a
+        shared extension.  On most platforms, this is just 'ext.libraries';
+        on Windows, we add the Python library (eg. python20.dll).
+        """
+        # The python library is always needed on Windows.  For MSVC, this
+        # is redundant, since the library is mentioned in a pragma in
+        # pyconfig.h that MSVC groks.  The other Windows compilers all seem
+        # to need it mentioned explicitly, though, so that's what we do.
+        # Append '_d' to the python import library on debug builds.
+        if sys.platform == "win32":
+            from distutils._msvccompiler import MSVCCompiler
+            if not isinstance(self.compiler, MSVCCompiler):
+                template = "python%d%d"
+                if self.debug:
+                    template = template + '_d'
+                pythonlib = (template %
+                       (sys.hexversion >> 24, (sys.hexversion >> 16) & 0xff))
+                # don't extend ext.libraries, it may be shared with other
+                # extensions, it is a reference to the original list
+                return ext.libraries + [pythonlib]
+        else:
+            # On Android only the main executable and LD_PRELOADs are considered
+            # to be RTLD_GLOBAL, all the dependencies of the main executable
+            # remain RTLD_LOCAL and so the shared libraries must be linked with
+            # libpython when python is built with a shared python library (issue
+            # bpo-21536).
+            # On Cygwin (and if required, other POSIX-like platforms based on
+            # Windows like MinGW) it is simply necessary that all symbols in
+            # shared libraries are resolved at link time.
+            from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_var
+            link_libpython = False
+            if get_config_var('Py_ENABLE_SHARED'):
+                # A native build on an Android device or on Cygwin
+                if hasattr(sys, 'getandroidapilevel'):
+                    link_libpython = True
+                elif sys.platform == 'cygwin':
+                    link_libpython = True
+                elif '_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM' in os.environ:
+                    # We are cross-compiling for one of the relevant platforms
+                    if get_config_var('ANDROID_API_LEVEL') != 0:
+                        link_libpython = True
+                    elif get_config_var('MACHDEP') == 'cygwin':
+                        link_libpython = True
+
+            if link_libpython:
+                ldversion = get_config_var('LDVERSION')
+                return ext.libraries + ['python' + ldversion]
+
+        return ext.libraries + py37compat.pythonlib()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_py.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_py.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ef9bce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_py.py
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+"""distutils.command.build_py
+
+Implements the Distutils 'build_py' command."""
+
+import os
+import importlib.util
+import sys
+import glob
+
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+
+class build_py (Command):
+
+    description = "\"build\" pure Python modules (copy to build directory)"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('build-lib=', 'd', "directory to \"build\" (copy) to"),
+        ('compile', 'c', "compile .py to .pyc"),
+        ('no-compile', None, "don't compile .py files [default]"),
+        ('optimize=', 'O',
+         "also compile with optimization: -O1 for \"python -O\", "
+         "-O2 for \"python -OO\", and -O0 to disable [default: -O0]"),
+        ('force', 'f', "forcibly build everything (ignore file timestamps)"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['compile', 'force']
+    negative_opt = {'no-compile' : 'compile'}
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.build_lib = None
+        self.py_modules = None
+        self.package = None
+        self.package_data = None
+        self.package_dir = None
+        self.compile = 0
+        self.optimize = 0
+        self.force = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('build',
+                                   ('build_lib', 'build_lib'),
+                                   ('force', 'force'))
+
+        # Get the distribution options that are aliases for build_py
+        # options -- list of packages and list of modules.
+        self.packages = self.distribution.packages
+        self.py_modules = self.distribution.py_modules
+        self.package_data = self.distribution.package_data
+        self.package_dir = {}
+        if self.distribution.package_dir:
+            for name, path in self.distribution.package_dir.items():
+                self.package_dir[name] = convert_path(path)
+        self.data_files = self.get_data_files()
+
+        # Ick, copied straight from install_lib.py (fancy_getopt needs a
+        # type system!  Hell, *everything* needs a type system!!!)
+        if not isinstance(self.optimize, int):
+            try:
+                self.optimize = int(self.optimize)
+                assert 0 <= self.optimize <= 2
+            except (ValueError, AssertionError):
+                raise DistutilsOptionError("optimize must be 0, 1, or 2")
+
+    def run(self):
+        # XXX copy_file by default preserves atime and mtime.  IMHO this is
+        # the right thing to do, but perhaps it should be an option -- in
+        # particular, a site administrator might want installed files to
+        # reflect the time of installation rather than the last
+        # modification time before the installed release.
+
+        # XXX copy_file by default preserves mode, which appears to be the
+        # wrong thing to do: if a file is read-only in the working
+        # directory, we want it to be installed read/write so that the next
+        # installation of the same module distribution can overwrite it
+        # without problems.  (This might be a Unix-specific issue.)  Thus
+        # we turn off 'preserve_mode' when copying to the build directory,
+        # since the build directory is supposed to be exactly what the
+        # installation will look like (ie. we preserve mode when
+        # installing).
+
+        # Two options control which modules will be installed: 'packages'
+        # and 'py_modules'.  The former lets us work with whole packages, not
+        # specifying individual modules at all; the latter is for
+        # specifying modules one-at-a-time.
+
+        if self.py_modules:
+            self.build_modules()
+        if self.packages:
+            self.build_packages()
+            self.build_package_data()
+
+        self.byte_compile(self.get_outputs(include_bytecode=0))
+
+    def get_data_files(self):
+        """Generate list of '(package,src_dir,build_dir,filenames)' tuples"""
+        data = []
+        if not self.packages:
+            return data
+        for package in self.packages:
+            # Locate package source directory
+            src_dir = self.get_package_dir(package)
+
+            # Compute package build directory
+            build_dir = os.path.join(*([self.build_lib] + package.split('.')))
+
+            # Length of path to strip from found files
+            plen = 0
+            if src_dir:
+                plen = len(src_dir)+1
+
+            # Strip directory from globbed filenames
+            filenames = [
+                file[plen:] for file in self.find_data_files(package, src_dir)
+                ]
+            data.append((package, src_dir, build_dir, filenames))
+        return data
+
+    def find_data_files(self, package, src_dir):
+        """Return filenames for package's data files in 'src_dir'"""
+        globs = (self.package_data.get('', [])
+                 + self.package_data.get(package, []))
+        files = []
+        for pattern in globs:
+            # Each pattern has to be converted to a platform-specific path
+            filelist = glob.glob(os.path.join(glob.escape(src_dir), convert_path(pattern)))
+            # Files that match more than one pattern are only added once
+            files.extend([fn for fn in filelist if fn not in files
+                and os.path.isfile(fn)])
+        return files
+
+    def build_package_data(self):
+        """Copy data files into build directory"""
+        lastdir = None
+        for package, src_dir, build_dir, filenames in self.data_files:
+            for filename in filenames:
+                target = os.path.join(build_dir, filename)
+                self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(target))
+                self.copy_file(os.path.join(src_dir, filename), target,
+                               preserve_mode=False)
+
+    def get_package_dir(self, package):
+        """Return the directory, relative to the top of the source
+           distribution, where package 'package' should be found
+           (at least according to the 'package_dir' option, if any)."""
+        path = package.split('.')
+
+        if not self.package_dir:
+            if path:
+                return os.path.join(*path)
+            else:
+                return ''
+        else:
+            tail = []
+            while path:
+                try:
+                    pdir = self.package_dir['.'.join(path)]
+                except KeyError:
+                    tail.insert(0, path[-1])
+                    del path[-1]
+                else:
+                    tail.insert(0, pdir)
+                    return os.path.join(*tail)
+            else:
+                # Oops, got all the way through 'path' without finding a
+                # match in package_dir.  If package_dir defines a directory
+                # for the root (nameless) package, then fallback on it;
+                # otherwise, we might as well have not consulted
+                # package_dir at all, as we just use the directory implied
+                # by 'tail' (which should be the same as the original value
+                # of 'path' at this point).
+                pdir = self.package_dir.get('')
+                if pdir is not None:
+                    tail.insert(0, pdir)
+
+                if tail:
+                    return os.path.join(*tail)
+                else:
+                    return ''
+
+    def check_package(self, package, package_dir):
+        # Empty dir name means current directory, which we can probably
+        # assume exists.  Also, os.path.exists and isdir don't know about
+        # my "empty string means current dir" convention, so we have to
+        # circumvent them.
+        if package_dir != "":
+            if not os.path.exists(package_dir):
+                raise DistutilsFileError(
+                      "package directory '%s' does not exist" % package_dir)
+            if not os.path.isdir(package_dir):
+                raise DistutilsFileError(
+                       "supposed package directory '%s' exists, "
+                       "but is not a directory" % package_dir)
+
+        # Require __init__.py for all but the "root package"
+        if package:
+            init_py = os.path.join(package_dir, "__init__.py")
+            if os.path.isfile(init_py):
+                return init_py
+            else:
+                log.warn(("package init file '%s' not found " +
+                          "(or not a regular file)"), init_py)
+
+        # Either not in a package at all (__init__.py not expected), or
+        # __init__.py doesn't exist -- so don't return the filename.
+        return None
+
+    def check_module(self, module, module_file):
+        if not os.path.isfile(module_file):
+            log.warn("file %s (for module %s) not found", module_file, module)
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    def find_package_modules(self, package, package_dir):
+        self.check_package(package, package_dir)
+        module_files = glob.glob(os.path.join(glob.escape(package_dir), "*.py"))
+        modules = []
+        setup_script = os.path.abspath(self.distribution.script_name)
+
+        for f in module_files:
+            abs_f = os.path.abspath(f)
+            if abs_f != setup_script:
+                module = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(f))[0]
+                modules.append((package, module, f))
+            else:
+                self.debug_print("excluding %s" % setup_script)
+        return modules
+
+    def find_modules(self):
+        """Finds individually-specified Python modules, ie. those listed by
+        module name in 'self.py_modules'.  Returns a list of tuples (package,
+        module_base, filename): 'package' is a tuple of the path through
+        package-space to the module; 'module_base' is the bare (no
+        packages, no dots) module name, and 'filename' is the path to the
+        ".py" file (relative to the distribution root) that implements the
+        module.
+        """
+        # Map package names to tuples of useful info about the package:
+        #    (package_dir, checked)
+        # package_dir - the directory where we'll find source files for
+        #   this package
+        # checked - true if we have checked that the package directory
+        #   is valid (exists, contains __init__.py, ... ?)
+        packages = {}
+
+        # List of (package, module, filename) tuples to return
+        modules = []
+
+        # We treat modules-in-packages almost the same as toplevel modules,
+        # just the "package" for a toplevel is empty (either an empty
+        # string or empty list, depending on context).  Differences:
+        #   - don't check for __init__.py in directory for empty package
+        for module in self.py_modules:
+            path = module.split('.')
+            package = '.'.join(path[0:-1])
+            module_base = path[-1]
+
+            try:
+                (package_dir, checked) = packages[package]
+            except KeyError:
+                package_dir = self.get_package_dir(package)
+                checked = 0
+
+            if not checked:
+                init_py = self.check_package(package, package_dir)
+                packages[package] = (package_dir, 1)
+                if init_py:
+                    modules.append((package, "__init__", init_py))
+
+            # XXX perhaps we should also check for just .pyc files
+            # (so greedy closed-source bastards can distribute Python
+            # modules too)
+            module_file = os.path.join(package_dir, module_base + ".py")
+            if not self.check_module(module, module_file):
+                continue
+
+            modules.append((package, module_base, module_file))
+
+        return modules
+
+    def find_all_modules(self):
+        """Compute the list of all modules that will be built, whether
+        they are specified one-module-at-a-time ('self.py_modules') or
+        by whole packages ('self.packages').  Return a list of tuples
+        (package, module, module_file), just like 'find_modules()' and
+        'find_package_modules()' do."""
+        modules = []
+        if self.py_modules:
+            modules.extend(self.find_modules())
+        if self.packages:
+            for package in self.packages:
+                package_dir = self.get_package_dir(package)
+                m = self.find_package_modules(package, package_dir)
+                modules.extend(m)
+        return modules
+
+    def get_source_files(self):
+        return [module[-1] for module in self.find_all_modules()]
+
+    def get_module_outfile(self, build_dir, package, module):
+        outfile_path = [build_dir] + list(package) + [module + ".py"]
+        return os.path.join(*outfile_path)
+
+    def get_outputs(self, include_bytecode=1):
+        modules = self.find_all_modules()
+        outputs = []
+        for (package, module, module_file) in modules:
+            package = package.split('.')
+            filename = self.get_module_outfile(self.build_lib, package, module)
+            outputs.append(filename)
+            if include_bytecode:
+                if self.compile:
+                    outputs.append(importlib.util.cache_from_source(
+                        filename, optimization=''))
+                if self.optimize > 0:
+                    outputs.append(importlib.util.cache_from_source(
+                        filename, optimization=self.optimize))
+
+        outputs += [
+            os.path.join(build_dir, filename)
+            for package, src_dir, build_dir, filenames in self.data_files
+            for filename in filenames
+            ]
+
+        return outputs
+
+    def build_module(self, module, module_file, package):
+        if isinstance(package, str):
+            package = package.split('.')
+        elif not isinstance(package, (list, tuple)):
+            raise TypeError(
+                  "'package' must be a string (dot-separated), list, or tuple")
+
+        # Now put the module source file into the "build" area -- this is
+        # easy, we just copy it somewhere under self.build_lib (the build
+        # directory for Python source).
+        outfile = self.get_module_outfile(self.build_lib, package, module)
+        dir = os.path.dirname(outfile)
+        self.mkpath(dir)
+        return self.copy_file(module_file, outfile, preserve_mode=0)
+
+    def build_modules(self):
+        modules = self.find_modules()
+        for (package, module, module_file) in modules:
+            # Now "build" the module -- ie. copy the source file to
+            # self.build_lib (the build directory for Python source).
+            # (Actually, it gets copied to the directory for this package
+            # under self.build_lib.)
+            self.build_module(module, module_file, package)
+
+    def build_packages(self):
+        for package in self.packages:
+            # Get list of (package, module, module_file) tuples based on
+            # scanning the package directory.  'package' is only included
+            # in the tuple so that 'find_modules()' and
+            # 'find_package_tuples()' have a consistent interface; it's
+            # ignored here (apart from a sanity check).  Also, 'module' is
+            # the *unqualified* module name (ie. no dots, no package -- we
+            # already know its package!), and 'module_file' is the path to
+            # the .py file, relative to the current directory
+            # (ie. including 'package_dir').
+            package_dir = self.get_package_dir(package)
+            modules = self.find_package_modules(package, package_dir)
+
+            # Now loop over the modules we found, "building" each one (just
+            # copy it to self.build_lib).
+            for (package_, module, module_file) in modules:
+                assert package == package_
+                self.build_module(module, module_file, package)
+
+    def byte_compile(self, files):
+        if sys.dont_write_bytecode:
+            self.warn('byte-compiling is disabled, skipping.')
+            return
+
+        from distutils.util import byte_compile
+        prefix = self.build_lib
+        if prefix[-1] != os.sep:
+            prefix = prefix + os.sep
+
+        # XXX this code is essentially the same as the 'byte_compile()
+        # method of the "install_lib" command, except for the determination
+        # of the 'prefix' string.  Hmmm.
+        if self.compile:
+            byte_compile(files, optimize=0,
+                         force=self.force, prefix=prefix, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+        if self.optimize > 0:
+            byte_compile(files, optimize=self.optimize,
+                         force=self.force, prefix=prefix, dry_run=self.dry_run)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_scripts.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_scripts.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3312cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build_scripts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+"""distutils.command.build_scripts
+
+Implements the Distutils 'build_scripts' command."""
+
+import os, re
+from stat import ST_MODE
+from distutils import sysconfig
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.dep_util import newer
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+import tokenize
+
+# check if Python is called on the first line with this expression
+first_line_re = re.compile(b'^#!.*python[0-9.]*([ \t].*)?$')
+
+class build_scripts(Command):
+
+    description = "\"build\" scripts (copy and fixup #! line)"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('build-dir=', 'd', "directory to \"build\" (copy) to"),
+        ('force', 'f', "forcibly build everything (ignore file timestamps"),
+        ('executable=', 'e', "specify final destination interpreter path"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['force']
+
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.build_dir = None
+        self.scripts = None
+        self.force = None
+        self.executable = None
+        self.outfiles = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('build',
+                                   ('build_scripts', 'build_dir'),
+                                   ('force', 'force'),
+                                   ('executable', 'executable'))
+        self.scripts = self.distribution.scripts
+
+    def get_source_files(self):
+        return self.scripts
+
+    def run(self):
+        if not self.scripts:
+            return
+        self.copy_scripts()
+
+
+    def copy_scripts(self):
+        r"""Copy each script listed in 'self.scripts'; if it's marked as a
+        Python script in the Unix way (first line matches 'first_line_re',
+        ie. starts with "\#!" and contains "python"), then adjust the first
+        line to refer to the current Python interpreter as we copy.
+        """
+        self.mkpath(self.build_dir)
+        outfiles = []
+        updated_files = []
+        for script in self.scripts:
+            adjust = False
+            script = convert_path(script)
+            outfile = os.path.join(self.build_dir, os.path.basename(script))
+            outfiles.append(outfile)
+
+            if not self.force and not newer(script, outfile):
+                log.debug("not copying %s (up-to-date)", script)
+                continue
+
+            # Always open the file, but ignore failures in dry-run mode --
+            # that way, we'll get accurate feedback if we can read the
+            # script.
+            try:
+                f = open(script, "rb")
+            except OSError:
+                if not self.dry_run:
+                    raise
+                f = None
+            else:
+                encoding, lines = tokenize.detect_encoding(f.readline)
+                f.seek(0)
+                first_line = f.readline()
+                if not first_line:
+                    self.warn("%s is an empty file (skipping)" % script)
+                    continue
+
+                match = first_line_re.match(first_line)
+                if match:
+                    adjust = True
+                    post_interp = match.group(1) or b''
+
+            if adjust:
+                log.info("copying and adjusting %s -> %s", script,
+                         self.build_dir)
+                updated_files.append(outfile)
+                if not self.dry_run:
+                    if not sysconfig.python_build:
+                        executable = self.executable
+                    else:
+                        executable = os.path.join(
+                            sysconfig.get_config_var("BINDIR"),
+                           "python%s%s" % (sysconfig.get_config_var("VERSION"),
+                                           sysconfig.get_config_var("EXE")))
+                    executable = os.fsencode(executable)
+                    shebang = b"#!" + executable + post_interp + b"\n"
+                    # Python parser starts to read a script using UTF-8 until
+                    # it gets a #coding:xxx cookie. The shebang has to be the
+                    # first line of a file, the #coding:xxx cookie cannot be
+                    # written before. So the shebang has to be decodable from
+                    # UTF-8.
+                    try:
+                        shebang.decode('utf-8')
+                    except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            "The shebang ({!r}) is not decodable "
+                            "from utf-8".format(shebang))
+                    # If the script is encoded to a custom encoding (use a
+                    # #coding:xxx cookie), the shebang has to be decodable from
+                    # the script encoding too.
+                    try:
+                        shebang.decode(encoding)
+                    except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            "The shebang ({!r}) is not decodable "
+                            "from the script encoding ({})"
+                            .format(shebang, encoding))
+                    with open(outfile, "wb") as outf:
+                        outf.write(shebang)
+                        outf.writelines(f.readlines())
+                if f:
+                    f.close()
+            else:
+                if f:
+                    f.close()
+                updated_files.append(outfile)
+                self.copy_file(script, outfile)
+
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            for file in outfiles:
+                if self.dry_run:
+                    log.info("changing mode of %s", file)
+                else:
+                    oldmode = os.stat(file)[ST_MODE] & 0o7777
+                    newmode = (oldmode | 0o555) & 0o7777
+                    if newmode != oldmode:
+                        log.info("changing mode of %s from %o to %o",
+                                 file, oldmode, newmode)
+                        os.chmod(file, newmode)
+        # XXX should we modify self.outfiles?
+        return outfiles, updated_files
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/check.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/check.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ada2500
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/check.py
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""distutils.command.check
+
+Implements the Distutils 'check' command.
+"""
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsSetupError
+
+try:
+    # docutils is installed
+    from docutils.utils import Reporter
+    from docutils.parsers.rst import Parser
+    from docutils import frontend
+    from docutils import nodes
+
+    class SilentReporter(Reporter):
+
+        def __init__(self, source, report_level, halt_level, stream=None,
+                     debug=0, encoding='ascii', error_handler='replace'):
+            self.messages = []
+            Reporter.__init__(self, source, report_level, halt_level, stream,
+                              debug, encoding, error_handler)
+
+        def system_message(self, level, message, *children, **kwargs):
+            self.messages.append((level, message, children, kwargs))
+            return nodes.system_message(message, level=level,
+                                        type=self.levels[level],
+                                        *children, **kwargs)
+
+    HAS_DOCUTILS = True
+except Exception:
+    # Catch all exceptions because exceptions besides ImportError probably
+    # indicate that docutils is not ported to Py3k.
+    HAS_DOCUTILS = False
+
+class check(Command):
+    """This command checks the meta-data of the package.
+    """
+    description = ("perform some checks on the package")
+    user_options = [('metadata', 'm', 'Verify meta-data'),
+                    ('restructuredtext', 'r',
+                     ('Checks if long string meta-data syntax '
+                      'are reStructuredText-compliant')),
+                    ('strict', 's',
+                     'Will exit with an error if a check fails')]
+
+    boolean_options = ['metadata', 'restructuredtext', 'strict']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        """Sets default values for options."""
+        self.restructuredtext = 0
+        self.metadata = 1
+        self.strict = 0
+        self._warnings = 0
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        pass
+
+    def warn(self, msg):
+        """Counts the number of warnings that occurs."""
+        self._warnings += 1
+        return Command.warn(self, msg)
+
+    def run(self):
+        """Runs the command."""
+        # perform the various tests
+        if self.metadata:
+            self.check_metadata()
+        if self.restructuredtext:
+            if HAS_DOCUTILS:
+                self.check_restructuredtext()
+            elif self.strict:
+                raise DistutilsSetupError('The docutils package is needed.')
+
+        # let's raise an error in strict mode, if we have at least
+        # one warning
+        if self.strict and self._warnings > 0:
+            raise DistutilsSetupError('Please correct your package.')
+
+    def check_metadata(self):
+        """Ensures that all required elements of meta-data are supplied.
+
+        Required fields:
+            name, version, URL
+
+        Recommended fields:
+            (author and author_email) or (maintainer and maintainer_email))
+
+        Warns if any are missing.
+        """
+        metadata = self.distribution.metadata
+
+        missing = []
+        for attr in ('name', 'version', 'url'):
+            if not (hasattr(metadata, attr) and getattr(metadata, attr)):
+                missing.append(attr)
+
+        if missing:
+            self.warn("missing required meta-data: %s"  % ', '.join(missing))
+        if metadata.author:
+            if not metadata.author_email:
+                self.warn("missing meta-data: if 'author' supplied, " +
+                          "'author_email' should be supplied too")
+        elif metadata.maintainer:
+            if not metadata.maintainer_email:
+                self.warn("missing meta-data: if 'maintainer' supplied, " +
+                          "'maintainer_email' should be supplied too")
+        else:
+            self.warn("missing meta-data: either (author and author_email) " +
+                      "or (maintainer and maintainer_email) " +
+                      "should be supplied")
+
+    def check_restructuredtext(self):
+        """Checks if the long string fields are reST-compliant."""
+        data = self.distribution.get_long_description()
+        for warning in self._check_rst_data(data):
+            line = warning[-1].get('line')
+            if line is None:
+                warning = warning[1]
+            else:
+                warning = '%s (line %s)' % (warning[1], line)
+            self.warn(warning)
+
+    def _check_rst_data(self, data):
+        """Returns warnings when the provided data doesn't compile."""
+        # the include and csv_table directives need this to be a path
+        source_path = self.distribution.script_name or 'setup.py'
+        parser = Parser()
+        settings = frontend.OptionParser(components=(Parser,)).get_default_values()
+        settings.tab_width = 4
+        settings.pep_references = None
+        settings.rfc_references = None
+        reporter = SilentReporter(source_path,
+                          settings.report_level,
+                          settings.halt_level,
+                          stream=settings.warning_stream,
+                          debug=settings.debug,
+                          encoding=settings.error_encoding,
+                          error_handler=settings.error_encoding_error_handler)
+
+        document = nodes.document(settings, reporter, source=source_path)
+        document.note_source(source_path, -1)
+        try:
+            parser.parse(data, document)
+        except AttributeError as e:
+            reporter.messages.append(
+                (-1, 'Could not finish the parsing: %s.' % e, '', {}))
+
+        return reporter.messages
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/clean.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/clean.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cb2701
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/clean.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+"""distutils.command.clean
+
+Implements the Distutils 'clean' command."""
+
+# contributed by Bastian Kleineidam <calvin@cs.uni-sb.de>, added 2000-03-18
+
+import os
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.dir_util import remove_tree
+from distutils import log
+
+class clean(Command):
+
+    description = "clean up temporary files from 'build' command"
+    user_options = [
+        ('build-base=', 'b',
+         "base build directory (default: 'build.build-base')"),
+        ('build-lib=', None,
+         "build directory for all modules (default: 'build.build-lib')"),
+        ('build-temp=', 't',
+         "temporary build directory (default: 'build.build-temp')"),
+        ('build-scripts=', None,
+         "build directory for scripts (default: 'build.build-scripts')"),
+        ('bdist-base=', None,
+         "temporary directory for built distributions"),
+        ('all', 'a',
+         "remove all build output, not just temporary by-products")
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['all']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.build_base = None
+        self.build_lib = None
+        self.build_temp = None
+        self.build_scripts = None
+        self.bdist_base = None
+        self.all = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('build',
+                                   ('build_base', 'build_base'),
+                                   ('build_lib', 'build_lib'),
+                                   ('build_scripts', 'build_scripts'),
+                                   ('build_temp', 'build_temp'))
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist',
+                                   ('bdist_base', 'bdist_base'))
+
+    def run(self):
+        # remove the build/temp.<plat> directory (unless it's already
+        # gone)
+        if os.path.exists(self.build_temp):
+            remove_tree(self.build_temp, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+        else:
+            log.debug("'%s' does not exist -- can't clean it",
+                      self.build_temp)
+
+        if self.all:
+            # remove build directories
+            for directory in (self.build_lib,
+                              self.bdist_base,
+                              self.build_scripts):
+                if os.path.exists(directory):
+                    remove_tree(directory, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+                else:
+                    log.warn("'%s' does not exist -- can't clean it",
+                             directory)
+
+        # just for the heck of it, try to remove the base build directory:
+        # we might have emptied it right now, but if not we don't care
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            try:
+                os.rmdir(self.build_base)
+                log.info("removing '%s'", self.build_base)
+            except OSError:
+                pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/config.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aeda408
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+"""distutils.command.config
+
+Implements the Distutils 'config' command, a (mostly) empty command class
+that exists mainly to be sub-classed by specific module distributions and
+applications.  The idea is that while every "config" command is different,
+at least they're all named the same, and users always see "config" in the
+list of standard commands.  Also, this is a good place to put common
+configure-like tasks: "try to compile this C code", or "figure out where
+this header file lives".
+"""
+
+import os, re
+
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsExecError
+from distutils.sysconfig import customize_compiler
+from distutils import log
+
+LANG_EXT = {"c": ".c", "c++": ".cxx"}
+
+class config(Command):
+
+    description = "prepare to build"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('compiler=', None,
+         "specify the compiler type"),
+        ('cc=', None,
+         "specify the compiler executable"),
+        ('include-dirs=', 'I',
+         "list of directories to search for header files"),
+        ('define=', 'D',
+         "C preprocessor macros to define"),
+        ('undef=', 'U',
+         "C preprocessor macros to undefine"),
+        ('libraries=', 'l',
+         "external C libraries to link with"),
+        ('library-dirs=', 'L',
+         "directories to search for external C libraries"),
+
+        ('noisy', None,
+         "show every action (compile, link, run, ...) taken"),
+        ('dump-source', None,
+         "dump generated source files before attempting to compile them"),
+        ]
+
+
+    # The three standard command methods: since the "config" command
+    # does nothing by default, these are empty.
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.compiler = None
+        self.cc = None
+        self.include_dirs = None
+        self.libraries = None
+        self.library_dirs = None
+
+        # maximal output for now
+        self.noisy = 1
+        self.dump_source = 1
+
+        # list of temporary files generated along-the-way that we have
+        # to clean at some point
+        self.temp_files = []
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        if self.include_dirs is None:
+            self.include_dirs = self.distribution.include_dirs or []
+        elif isinstance(self.include_dirs, str):
+            self.include_dirs = self.include_dirs.split(os.pathsep)
+
+        if self.libraries is None:
+            self.libraries = []
+        elif isinstance(self.libraries, str):
+            self.libraries = [self.libraries]
+
+        if self.library_dirs is None:
+            self.library_dirs = []
+        elif isinstance(self.library_dirs, str):
+            self.library_dirs = self.library_dirs.split(os.pathsep)
+
+    def run(self):
+        pass
+
+    # Utility methods for actual "config" commands.  The interfaces are
+    # loosely based on Autoconf macros of similar names.  Sub-classes
+    # may use these freely.
+
+    def _check_compiler(self):
+        """Check that 'self.compiler' really is a CCompiler object;
+        if not, make it one.
+        """
+        # We do this late, and only on-demand, because this is an expensive
+        # import.
+        from distutils.ccompiler import CCompiler, new_compiler
+        if not isinstance(self.compiler, CCompiler):
+            self.compiler = new_compiler(compiler=self.compiler,
+                                         dry_run=self.dry_run, force=1)
+            customize_compiler(self.compiler)
+            if self.include_dirs:
+                self.compiler.set_include_dirs(self.include_dirs)
+            if self.libraries:
+                self.compiler.set_libraries(self.libraries)
+            if self.library_dirs:
+                self.compiler.set_library_dirs(self.library_dirs)
+
+    def _gen_temp_sourcefile(self, body, headers, lang):
+        filename = "_configtest" + LANG_EXT[lang]
+        with open(filename, "w") as file:
+            if headers:
+                for header in headers:
+                    file.write("#include <%s>\n" % header)
+                file.write("\n")
+            file.write(body)
+            if body[-1] != "\n":
+                file.write("\n")
+        return filename
+
+    def _preprocess(self, body, headers, include_dirs, lang):
+        src = self._gen_temp_sourcefile(body, headers, lang)
+        out = "_configtest.i"
+        self.temp_files.extend([src, out])
+        self.compiler.preprocess(src, out, include_dirs=include_dirs)
+        return (src, out)
+
+    def _compile(self, body, headers, include_dirs, lang):
+        src = self._gen_temp_sourcefile(body, headers, lang)
+        if self.dump_source:
+            dump_file(src, "compiling '%s':" % src)
+        (obj,) = self.compiler.object_filenames([src])
+        self.temp_files.extend([src, obj])
+        self.compiler.compile([src], include_dirs=include_dirs)
+        return (src, obj)
+
+    def _link(self, body, headers, include_dirs, libraries, library_dirs,
+              lang):
+        (src, obj) = self._compile(body, headers, include_dirs, lang)
+        prog = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(src))[0]
+        self.compiler.link_executable([obj], prog,
+                                      libraries=libraries,
+                                      library_dirs=library_dirs,
+                                      target_lang=lang)
+
+        if self.compiler.exe_extension is not None:
+            prog = prog + self.compiler.exe_extension
+        self.temp_files.append(prog)
+
+        return (src, obj, prog)
+
+    def _clean(self, *filenames):
+        if not filenames:
+            filenames = self.temp_files
+            self.temp_files = []
+        log.info("removing: %s", ' '.join(filenames))
+        for filename in filenames:
+            try:
+                os.remove(filename)
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+
+
+    # XXX these ignore the dry-run flag: what to do, what to do? even if
+    # you want a dry-run build, you still need some sort of configuration
+    # info.  My inclination is to make it up to the real config command to
+    # consult 'dry_run', and assume a default (minimal) configuration if
+    # true.  The problem with trying to do it here is that you'd have to
+    # return either true or false from all the 'try' methods, neither of
+    # which is correct.
+
+    # XXX need access to the header search path and maybe default macros.
+
+    def try_cpp(self, body=None, headers=None, include_dirs=None, lang="c"):
+        """Construct a source file from 'body' (a string containing lines
+        of C/C++ code) and 'headers' (a list of header files to include)
+        and run it through the preprocessor.  Return true if the
+        preprocessor succeeded, false if there were any errors.
+        ('body' probably isn't of much use, but what the heck.)
+        """
+        from distutils.ccompiler import CompileError
+        self._check_compiler()
+        ok = True
+        try:
+            self._preprocess(body, headers, include_dirs, lang)
+        except CompileError:
+            ok = False
+
+        self._clean()
+        return ok
+
+    def search_cpp(self, pattern, body=None, headers=None, include_dirs=None,
+                   lang="c"):
+        """Construct a source file (just like 'try_cpp()'), run it through
+        the preprocessor, and return true if any line of the output matches
+        'pattern'.  'pattern' should either be a compiled regex object or a
+        string containing a regex.  If both 'body' and 'headers' are None,
+        preprocesses an empty file -- which can be useful to determine the
+        symbols the preprocessor and compiler set by default.
+        """
+        self._check_compiler()
+        src, out = self._preprocess(body, headers, include_dirs, lang)
+
+        if isinstance(pattern, str):
+            pattern = re.compile(pattern)
+
+        with open(out) as file:
+            match = False
+            while True:
+                line = file.readline()
+                if line == '':
+                    break
+                if pattern.search(line):
+                    match = True
+                    break
+
+        self._clean()
+        return match
+
+    def try_compile(self, body, headers=None, include_dirs=None, lang="c"):
+        """Try to compile a source file built from 'body' and 'headers'.
+        Return true on success, false otherwise.
+        """
+        from distutils.ccompiler import CompileError
+        self._check_compiler()
+        try:
+            self._compile(body, headers, include_dirs, lang)
+            ok = True
+        except CompileError:
+            ok = False
+
+        log.info(ok and "success!" or "failure.")
+        self._clean()
+        return ok
+
+    def try_link(self, body, headers=None, include_dirs=None, libraries=None,
+                 library_dirs=None, lang="c"):
+        """Try to compile and link a source file, built from 'body' and
+        'headers', to executable form.  Return true on success, false
+        otherwise.
+        """
+        from distutils.ccompiler import CompileError, LinkError
+        self._check_compiler()
+        try:
+            self._link(body, headers, include_dirs,
+                       libraries, library_dirs, lang)
+            ok = True
+        except (CompileError, LinkError):
+            ok = False
+
+        log.info(ok and "success!" or "failure.")
+        self._clean()
+        return ok
+
+    def try_run(self, body, headers=None, include_dirs=None, libraries=None,
+                library_dirs=None, lang="c"):
+        """Try to compile, link to an executable, and run a program
+        built from 'body' and 'headers'.  Return true on success, false
+        otherwise.
+        """
+        from distutils.ccompiler import CompileError, LinkError
+        self._check_compiler()
+        try:
+            src, obj, exe = self._link(body, headers, include_dirs,
+                                       libraries, library_dirs, lang)
+            self.spawn([exe])
+            ok = True
+        except (CompileError, LinkError, DistutilsExecError):
+            ok = False
+
+        log.info(ok and "success!" or "failure.")
+        self._clean()
+        return ok
+
+
+    # -- High-level methods --------------------------------------------
+    # (these are the ones that are actually likely to be useful
+    # when implementing a real-world config command!)
+
+    def check_func(self, func, headers=None, include_dirs=None,
+                   libraries=None, library_dirs=None, decl=0, call=0):
+        """Determine if function 'func' is available by constructing a
+        source file that refers to 'func', and compiles and links it.
+        If everything succeeds, returns true; otherwise returns false.
+
+        The constructed source file starts out by including the header
+        files listed in 'headers'.  If 'decl' is true, it then declares
+        'func' (as "int func()"); you probably shouldn't supply 'headers'
+        and set 'decl' true in the same call, or you might get errors about
+        a conflicting declarations for 'func'.  Finally, the constructed
+        'main()' function either references 'func' or (if 'call' is true)
+        calls it.  'libraries' and 'library_dirs' are used when
+        linking.
+        """
+        self._check_compiler()
+        body = []
+        if decl:
+            body.append("int %s ();" % func)
+        body.append("int main () {")
+        if call:
+            body.append("  %s();" % func)
+        else:
+            body.append("  %s;" % func)
+        body.append("}")
+        body = "\n".join(body) + "\n"
+
+        return self.try_link(body, headers, include_dirs,
+                             libraries, library_dirs)
+
+    def check_lib(self, library, library_dirs=None, headers=None,
+                  include_dirs=None, other_libraries=[]):
+        """Determine if 'library' is available to be linked against,
+        without actually checking that any particular symbols are provided
+        by it.  'headers' will be used in constructing the source file to
+        be compiled, but the only effect of this is to check if all the
+        header files listed are available.  Any libraries listed in
+        'other_libraries' will be included in the link, in case 'library'
+        has symbols that depend on other libraries.
+        """
+        self._check_compiler()
+        return self.try_link("int main (void) { }", headers, include_dirs,
+                             [library] + other_libraries, library_dirs)
+
+    def check_header(self, header, include_dirs=None, library_dirs=None,
+                     lang="c"):
+        """Determine if the system header file named by 'header_file'
+        exists and can be found by the preprocessor; return true if so,
+        false otherwise.
+        """
+        return self.try_cpp(body="/* No body */", headers=[header],
+                            include_dirs=include_dirs)
+
+def dump_file(filename, head=None):
+    """Dumps a file content into log.info.
+
+    If head is not None, will be dumped before the file content.
+    """
+    if head is None:
+        log.info('%s', filename)
+    else:
+        log.info(head)
+    file = open(filename)
+    try:
+        log.info(file.read())
+    finally:
+        file.close()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..511938f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,775 @@
+"""distutils.command.install
+
+Implements the Distutils 'install' command."""
+
+import sys
+import os
+import contextlib
+import sysconfig
+import itertools
+
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_vars
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsPlatformError
+from distutils.file_util import write_file
+from distutils.util import convert_path, subst_vars, change_root
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+from .. import _collections
+
+from site import USER_BASE
+from site import USER_SITE
+HAS_USER_SITE = True
+
+WINDOWS_SCHEME = {
+    'purelib': '{base}/Lib/site-packages',
+    'platlib': '{base}/Lib/site-packages',
+    'headers': '{base}/Include/{dist_name}',
+    'scripts': '{base}/Scripts',
+    'data'   : '{base}',
+}
+
+INSTALL_SCHEMES = {
+    'posix_prefix': {
+        'purelib': '{base}/lib/{implementation_lower}{py_version_short}/site-packages',
+        'platlib': '{platbase}/{platlibdir}/{implementation_lower}{py_version_short}/site-packages',
+        'headers': '{base}/include/{implementation_lower}{py_version_short}{abiflags}/{dist_name}',
+        'scripts': '{base}/bin',
+        'data'   : '{base}',
+        },
+    'posix_home': {
+        'purelib': '{base}/lib/{implementation_lower}',
+        'platlib': '{base}/{platlibdir}/{implementation_lower}',
+        'headers': '{base}/include/{implementation_lower}/{dist_name}',
+        'scripts': '{base}/bin',
+        'data'   : '{base}',
+        },
+    'nt': WINDOWS_SCHEME,
+    'pypy': {
+        'purelib': '{base}/site-packages',
+        'platlib': '{base}/site-packages',
+        'headers': '{base}/include/{dist_name}',
+        'scripts': '{base}/bin',
+        'data'   : '{base}',
+        },
+    'pypy_nt': {
+        'purelib': '{base}/site-packages',
+        'platlib': '{base}/site-packages',
+        'headers': '{base}/include/{dist_name}',
+        'scripts': '{base}/Scripts',
+        'data'   : '{base}',
+        },
+    }
+
+# user site schemes
+if HAS_USER_SITE:
+    INSTALL_SCHEMES['nt_user'] = {
+        'purelib': '{usersite}',
+        'platlib': '{usersite}',
+        'headers': '{userbase}/{implementation}{py_version_nodot}/Include/{dist_name}',
+        'scripts': '{userbase}/{implementation}{py_version_nodot}/Scripts',
+        'data'   : '{userbase}',
+        }
+
+    INSTALL_SCHEMES['posix_user'] = {
+        'purelib': '{usersite}',
+        'platlib': '{usersite}',
+        'headers':
+            '{userbase}/include/{implementation_lower}{py_version_short}{abiflags}/{dist_name}',
+        'scripts': '{userbase}/bin',
+        'data'   : '{userbase}',
+        }
+
+# The keys to an installation scheme; if any new types of files are to be
+# installed, be sure to add an entry to every installation scheme above,
+# and to SCHEME_KEYS here.
+SCHEME_KEYS = ('purelib', 'platlib', 'headers', 'scripts', 'data')
+
+
+def _load_sysconfig_schemes():
+    with contextlib.suppress(AttributeError):
+        return {
+            scheme: sysconfig.get_paths(scheme, expand=False)
+            for scheme in sysconfig.get_scheme_names()
+        }
+
+
+def _load_schemes():
+    """
+    Extend default schemes with schemes from sysconfig.
+    """
+
+    sysconfig_schemes = _load_sysconfig_schemes() or {}
+
+    return {
+        scheme: {
+            **INSTALL_SCHEMES.get(scheme, {}),
+            **sysconfig_schemes.get(scheme, {}),
+        }
+        for scheme in set(itertools.chain(INSTALL_SCHEMES, sysconfig_schemes))
+    }
+
+
+def _get_implementation():
+    if hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info'):
+        return 'PyPy'
+    else:
+        return 'Python'
+
+
+def _select_scheme(ob, name):
+    scheme = _inject_headers(name, _load_scheme(_resolve_scheme(name)))
+    vars(ob).update(_remove_set(ob, _scheme_attrs(scheme)))
+
+
+def _remove_set(ob, attrs):
+    """
+    Include only attrs that are None in ob.
+    """
+    return {
+        key: value
+        for key, value in attrs.items()
+        if getattr(ob, key) is None
+    }
+
+
+def _resolve_scheme(name):
+    os_name, sep, key = name.partition('_')
+    try:
+        resolved = sysconfig.get_preferred_scheme(key)
+    except Exception:
+        resolved = _pypy_hack(name)
+    return resolved
+
+
+def _load_scheme(name):
+    return _load_schemes()[name]
+
+
+def _inject_headers(name, scheme):
+    """
+    Given a scheme name and the resolved scheme,
+    if the scheme does not include headers, resolve
+    the fallback scheme for the name and use headers
+    from it. pypa/distutils#88
+    """
+    # Bypass the preferred scheme, which may not
+    # have defined headers.
+    fallback = _load_scheme(_pypy_hack(name))
+    scheme.setdefault('headers', fallback['headers'])
+    return scheme
+
+
+def _scheme_attrs(scheme):
+    """Resolve install directories by applying the install schemes."""
+    return {
+        f'install_{key}': scheme[key]
+        for key in SCHEME_KEYS
+    }
+
+
+def _pypy_hack(name):
+    PY37 = sys.version_info < (3, 8)
+    old_pypy = hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info') and PY37
+    prefix = not name.endswith(('_user', '_home'))
+    pypy_name = 'pypy' + '_nt' * (os.name == 'nt')
+    return pypy_name if old_pypy and prefix else name
+
+
+class install(Command):
+
+    description = "install everything from build directory"
+
+    user_options = [
+        # Select installation scheme and set base director(y|ies)
+        ('prefix=', None,
+         "installation prefix"),
+        ('exec-prefix=', None,
+         "(Unix only) prefix for platform-specific files"),
+        ('home=', None,
+         "(Unix only) home directory to install under"),
+
+        # Or, just set the base director(y|ies)
+        ('install-base=', None,
+         "base installation directory (instead of --prefix or --home)"),
+        ('install-platbase=', None,
+         "base installation directory for platform-specific files " +
+         "(instead of --exec-prefix or --home)"),
+        ('root=', None,
+         "install everything relative to this alternate root directory"),
+
+        # Or, explicitly set the installation scheme
+        ('install-purelib=', None,
+         "installation directory for pure Python module distributions"),
+        ('install-platlib=', None,
+         "installation directory for non-pure module distributions"),
+        ('install-lib=', None,
+         "installation directory for all module distributions " +
+         "(overrides --install-purelib and --install-platlib)"),
+
+        ('install-headers=', None,
+         "installation directory for C/C++ headers"),
+        ('install-scripts=', None,
+         "installation directory for Python scripts"),
+        ('install-data=', None,
+         "installation directory for data files"),
+
+        # Byte-compilation options -- see install_lib.py for details, as
+        # these are duplicated from there (but only install_lib does
+        # anything with them).
+        ('compile', 'c', "compile .py to .pyc [default]"),
+        ('no-compile', None, "don't compile .py files"),
+        ('optimize=', 'O',
+         "also compile with optimization: -O1 for \"python -O\", "
+         "-O2 for \"python -OO\", and -O0 to disable [default: -O0]"),
+
+        # Miscellaneous control options
+        ('force', 'f',
+         "force installation (overwrite any existing files)"),
+        ('skip-build', None,
+         "skip rebuilding everything (for testing/debugging)"),
+
+        # Where to install documentation (eventually!)
+        #('doc-format=', None, "format of documentation to generate"),
+        #('install-man=', None, "directory for Unix man pages"),
+        #('install-html=', None, "directory for HTML documentation"),
+        #('install-info=', None, "directory for GNU info files"),
+
+        ('record=', None,
+         "filename in which to record list of installed files"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['compile', 'force', 'skip-build']
+
+    if HAS_USER_SITE:
+        user_options.append(('user', None,
+                             "install in user site-package '%s'" % USER_SITE))
+        boolean_options.append('user')
+
+    negative_opt = {'no-compile' : 'compile'}
+
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        """Initializes options."""
+        # High-level options: these select both an installation base
+        # and scheme.
+        self.prefix = None
+        self.exec_prefix = None
+        self.home = None
+        self.user = 0
+
+        # These select only the installation base; it's up to the user to
+        # specify the installation scheme (currently, that means supplying
+        # the --install-{platlib,purelib,scripts,data} options).
+        self.install_base = None
+        self.install_platbase = None
+        self.root = None
+
+        # These options are the actual installation directories; if not
+        # supplied by the user, they are filled in using the installation
+        # scheme implied by prefix/exec-prefix/home and the contents of
+        # that installation scheme.
+        self.install_purelib = None     # for pure module distributions
+        self.install_platlib = None     # non-pure (dists w/ extensions)
+        self.install_headers = None     # for C/C++ headers
+        self.install_lib = None         # set to either purelib or platlib
+        self.install_scripts = None
+        self.install_data = None
+        self.install_userbase = USER_BASE
+        self.install_usersite = USER_SITE
+
+        self.compile = None
+        self.optimize = None
+
+        # Deprecated
+        # These two are for putting non-packagized distributions into their
+        # own directory and creating a .pth file if it makes sense.
+        # 'extra_path' comes from the setup file; 'install_path_file' can
+        # be turned off if it makes no sense to install a .pth file.  (But
+        # better to install it uselessly than to guess wrong and not
+        # install it when it's necessary and would be used!)  Currently,
+        # 'install_path_file' is always true unless some outsider meddles
+        # with it.
+        self.extra_path = None
+        self.install_path_file = 1
+
+        # 'force' forces installation, even if target files are not
+        # out-of-date.  'skip_build' skips running the "build" command,
+        # handy if you know it's not necessary.  'warn_dir' (which is *not*
+        # a user option, it's just there so the bdist_* commands can turn
+        # it off) determines whether we warn about installing to a
+        # directory not in sys.path.
+        self.force = 0
+        self.skip_build = 0
+        self.warn_dir = 1
+
+        # These are only here as a conduit from the 'build' command to the
+        # 'install_*' commands that do the real work.  ('build_base' isn't
+        # actually used anywhere, but it might be useful in future.)  They
+        # are not user options, because if the user told the install
+        # command where the build directory is, that wouldn't affect the
+        # build command.
+        self.build_base = None
+        self.build_lib = None
+
+        # Not defined yet because we don't know anything about
+        # documentation yet.
+        #self.install_man = None
+        #self.install_html = None
+        #self.install_info = None
+
+        self.record = None
+
+
+    # -- Option finalizing methods -------------------------------------
+    # (This is rather more involved than for most commands,
+    # because this is where the policy for installing third-
+    # party Python modules on various platforms given a wide
+    # array of user input is decided.  Yes, it's quite complex!)
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        """Finalizes options."""
+        # This method (and its helpers, like 'finalize_unix()',
+        # 'finalize_other()', and 'select_scheme()') is where the default
+        # installation directories for modules, extension modules, and
+        # anything else we care to install from a Python module
+        # distribution.  Thus, this code makes a pretty important policy
+        # statement about how third-party stuff is added to a Python
+        # installation!  Note that the actual work of installation is done
+        # by the relatively simple 'install_*' commands; they just take
+        # their orders from the installation directory options determined
+        # here.
+
+        # Check for errors/inconsistencies in the options; first, stuff
+        # that's wrong on any platform.
+
+        if ((self.prefix or self.exec_prefix or self.home) and
+            (self.install_base or self.install_platbase)):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                   "must supply either prefix/exec-prefix/home or " +
+                   "install-base/install-platbase -- not both")
+
+        if self.home and (self.prefix or self.exec_prefix):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                  "must supply either home or prefix/exec-prefix -- not both")
+
+        if self.user and (self.prefix or self.exec_prefix or self.home or
+                self.install_base or self.install_platbase):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("can't combine user with prefix, "
+                                       "exec_prefix/home, or install_(plat)base")
+
+        # Next, stuff that's wrong (or dubious) only on certain platforms.
+        if os.name != "posix":
+            if self.exec_prefix:
+                self.warn("exec-prefix option ignored on this platform")
+                self.exec_prefix = None
+
+        # Now the interesting logic -- so interesting that we farm it out
+        # to other methods.  The goal of these methods is to set the final
+        # values for the install_{lib,scripts,data,...}  options, using as
+        # input a heady brew of prefix, exec_prefix, home, install_base,
+        # install_platbase, user-supplied versions of
+        # install_{purelib,platlib,lib,scripts,data,...}, and the
+        # install schemes.  Phew!
+
+        self.dump_dirs("pre-finalize_{unix,other}")
+
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            self.finalize_unix()
+        else:
+            self.finalize_other()
+
+        self.dump_dirs("post-finalize_{unix,other}()")
+
+        # Expand configuration variables, tilde, etc. in self.install_base
+        # and self.install_platbase -- that way, we can use $base or
+        # $platbase in the other installation directories and not worry
+        # about needing recursive variable expansion (shudder).
+
+        py_version = sys.version.split()[0]
+        (prefix, exec_prefix) = get_config_vars('prefix', 'exec_prefix')
+        try:
+            abiflags = sys.abiflags
+        except AttributeError:
+            # sys.abiflags may not be defined on all platforms.
+            abiflags = ''
+        local_vars = {
+            'dist_name': self.distribution.get_name(),
+                            'dist_version': self.distribution.get_version(),
+                            'dist_fullname': self.distribution.get_fullname(),
+                            'py_version': py_version,
+                            'py_version_short': '%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2],
+                            'py_version_nodot': '%d%d' % sys.version_info[:2],
+                            'sys_prefix': prefix,
+                            'prefix': prefix,
+                            'sys_exec_prefix': exec_prefix,
+                            'exec_prefix': exec_prefix,
+                            'abiflags': abiflags,
+                            'platlibdir': getattr(sys, 'platlibdir', 'lib'),
+                            'implementation_lower': _get_implementation().lower(),
+                            'implementation': _get_implementation(),
+                           }
+
+        if HAS_USER_SITE:
+            local_vars['userbase'] = self.install_userbase
+            local_vars['usersite'] = self.install_usersite
+
+        self.config_vars = _collections.DictStack(
+            [sysconfig.get_config_vars(), local_vars])
+
+        self.expand_basedirs()
+
+        self.dump_dirs("post-expand_basedirs()")
+
+        # Now define config vars for the base directories so we can expand
+        # everything else.
+        local_vars['base'] = self.install_base
+        local_vars['platbase'] = self.install_platbase
+
+        if DEBUG:
+            from pprint import pprint
+            print("config vars:")
+            pprint(dict(self.config_vars))
+
+        # Expand "~" and configuration variables in the installation
+        # directories.
+        self.expand_dirs()
+
+        self.dump_dirs("post-expand_dirs()")
+
+        # Create directories in the home dir:
+        if self.user:
+            self.create_home_path()
+
+        # Pick the actual directory to install all modules to: either
+        # install_purelib or install_platlib, depending on whether this
+        # module distribution is pure or not.  Of course, if the user
+        # already specified install_lib, use their selection.
+        if self.install_lib is None:
+            if self.distribution.has_ext_modules(): # has extensions: non-pure
+                self.install_lib = self.install_platlib
+            else:
+                self.install_lib = self.install_purelib
+
+
+        # Convert directories from Unix /-separated syntax to the local
+        # convention.
+        self.convert_paths('lib', 'purelib', 'platlib',
+                           'scripts', 'data', 'headers',
+                           'userbase', 'usersite')
+
+        # Deprecated
+        # Well, we're not actually fully completely finalized yet: we still
+        # have to deal with 'extra_path', which is the hack for allowing
+        # non-packagized module distributions (hello, Numerical Python!) to
+        # get their own directories.
+        self.handle_extra_path()
+        self.install_libbase = self.install_lib # needed for .pth file
+        self.install_lib = os.path.join(self.install_lib, self.extra_dirs)
+
+        # If a new root directory was supplied, make all the installation
+        # dirs relative to it.
+        if self.root is not None:
+            self.change_roots('libbase', 'lib', 'purelib', 'platlib',
+                              'scripts', 'data', 'headers')
+
+        self.dump_dirs("after prepending root")
+
+        # Find out the build directories, ie. where to install from.
+        self.set_undefined_options('build',
+                                   ('build_base', 'build_base'),
+                                   ('build_lib', 'build_lib'))
+
+        # Punt on doc directories for now -- after all, we're punting on
+        # documentation completely!
+
+    def dump_dirs(self, msg):
+        """Dumps the list of user options."""
+        if not DEBUG:
+            return
+        from distutils.fancy_getopt import longopt_xlate
+        log.debug(msg + ":")
+        for opt in self.user_options:
+            opt_name = opt[0]
+            if opt_name[-1] == "=":
+                opt_name = opt_name[0:-1]
+            if opt_name in self.negative_opt:
+                opt_name = self.negative_opt[opt_name]
+                opt_name = opt_name.translate(longopt_xlate)
+                val = not getattr(self, opt_name)
+            else:
+                opt_name = opt_name.translate(longopt_xlate)
+                val = getattr(self, opt_name)
+            log.debug("  %s: %s", opt_name, val)
+
+    def finalize_unix(self):
+        """Finalizes options for posix platforms."""
+        if self.install_base is not None or self.install_platbase is not None:
+            incomplete_scheme = (
+                (
+                    self.install_lib is None and
+                    self.install_purelib is None and
+                    self.install_platlib is None
+                ) or
+                self.install_headers is None or
+                self.install_scripts is None or
+                self.install_data is None
+            )
+            if incomplete_scheme:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                      "install-base or install-platbase supplied, but "
+                      "installation scheme is incomplete")
+            return
+
+        if self.user:
+            if self.install_userbase is None:
+                raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+                    "User base directory is not specified")
+            self.install_base = self.install_platbase = self.install_userbase
+            self.select_scheme("posix_user")
+        elif self.home is not None:
+            self.install_base = self.install_platbase = self.home
+            self.select_scheme("posix_home")
+        else:
+            if self.prefix is None:
+                if self.exec_prefix is not None:
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                          "must not supply exec-prefix without prefix")
+
+                # Allow Fedora to add components to the prefix
+                _prefix_addition = getattr(sysconfig, '_prefix_addition', "")
+
+                self.prefix = (
+                    os.path.normpath(sys.prefix) + _prefix_addition)
+                self.exec_prefix = (
+                    os.path.normpath(sys.exec_prefix) + _prefix_addition)
+
+            else:
+                if self.exec_prefix is None:
+                    self.exec_prefix = self.prefix
+
+            self.install_base = self.prefix
+            self.install_platbase = self.exec_prefix
+            self.select_scheme("posix_prefix")
+
+    def finalize_other(self):
+        """Finalizes options for non-posix platforms"""
+        if self.user:
+            if self.install_userbase is None:
+                raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+                    "User base directory is not specified")
+            self.install_base = self.install_platbase = self.install_userbase
+            self.select_scheme(os.name + "_user")
+        elif self.home is not None:
+            self.install_base = self.install_platbase = self.home
+            self.select_scheme("posix_home")
+        else:
+            if self.prefix is None:
+                self.prefix = os.path.normpath(sys.prefix)
+
+            self.install_base = self.install_platbase = self.prefix
+            try:
+                self.select_scheme(os.name)
+            except KeyError:
+                raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+                      "I don't know how to install stuff on '%s'" % os.name)
+
+    def select_scheme(self, name):
+        _select_scheme(self, name)
+
+    def _expand_attrs(self, attrs):
+        for attr in attrs:
+            val = getattr(self, attr)
+            if val is not None:
+                if os.name == 'posix' or os.name == 'nt':
+                    val = os.path.expanduser(val)
+                val = subst_vars(val, self.config_vars)
+                setattr(self, attr, val)
+
+    def expand_basedirs(self):
+        """Calls `os.path.expanduser` on install_base, install_platbase and
+        root."""
+        self._expand_attrs(['install_base', 'install_platbase', 'root'])
+
+    def expand_dirs(self):
+        """Calls `os.path.expanduser` on install dirs."""
+        self._expand_attrs(['install_purelib', 'install_platlib',
+                            'install_lib', 'install_headers',
+                            'install_scripts', 'install_data',])
+
+    def convert_paths(self, *names):
+        """Call `convert_path` over `names`."""
+        for name in names:
+            attr = "install_" + name
+            setattr(self, attr, convert_path(getattr(self, attr)))
+
+    def handle_extra_path(self):
+        """Set `path_file` and `extra_dirs` using `extra_path`."""
+        if self.extra_path is None:
+            self.extra_path = self.distribution.extra_path
+
+        if self.extra_path is not None:
+            log.warn(
+                "Distribution option extra_path is deprecated. "
+                "See issue27919 for details."
+            )
+            if isinstance(self.extra_path, str):
+                self.extra_path = self.extra_path.split(',')
+
+            if len(self.extra_path) == 1:
+                path_file = extra_dirs = self.extra_path[0]
+            elif len(self.extra_path) == 2:
+                path_file, extra_dirs = self.extra_path
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                      "'extra_path' option must be a list, tuple, or "
+                      "comma-separated string with 1 or 2 elements")
+
+            # convert to local form in case Unix notation used (as it
+            # should be in setup scripts)
+            extra_dirs = convert_path(extra_dirs)
+        else:
+            path_file = None
+            extra_dirs = ''
+
+        # XXX should we warn if path_file and not extra_dirs? (in which
+        # case the path file would be harmless but pointless)
+        self.path_file = path_file
+        self.extra_dirs = extra_dirs
+
+    def change_roots(self, *names):
+        """Change the install directories pointed by name using root."""
+        for name in names:
+            attr = "install_" + name
+            setattr(self, attr, change_root(self.root, getattr(self, attr)))
+
+    def create_home_path(self):
+        """Create directories under ~."""
+        if not self.user:
+            return
+        home = convert_path(os.path.expanduser("~"))
+        for name, path in self.config_vars.items():
+            if str(path).startswith(home) and not os.path.isdir(path):
+                self.debug_print("os.makedirs('%s', 0o700)" % path)
+                os.makedirs(path, 0o700)
+
+    # -- Command execution methods -------------------------------------
+
+    def run(self):
+        """Runs the command."""
+        # Obviously have to build before we can install
+        if not self.skip_build:
+            self.run_command('build')
+            # If we built for any other platform, we can't install.
+            build_plat = self.distribution.get_command_obj('build').plat_name
+            # check warn_dir - it is a clue that the 'install' is happening
+            # internally, and not to sys.path, so we don't check the platform
+            # matches what we are running.
+            if self.warn_dir and build_plat != get_platform():
+                raise DistutilsPlatformError("Can't install when "
+                                             "cross-compiling")
+
+        # Run all sub-commands (at least those that need to be run)
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            self.run_command(cmd_name)
+
+        if self.path_file:
+            self.create_path_file()
+
+        # write list of installed files, if requested.
+        if self.record:
+            outputs = self.get_outputs()
+            if self.root:               # strip any package prefix
+                root_len = len(self.root)
+                for counter in range(len(outputs)):
+                    outputs[counter] = outputs[counter][root_len:]
+            self.execute(write_file,
+                         (self.record, outputs),
+                         "writing list of installed files to '%s'" %
+                         self.record)
+
+        sys_path = map(os.path.normpath, sys.path)
+        sys_path = map(os.path.normcase, sys_path)
+        install_lib = os.path.normcase(os.path.normpath(self.install_lib))
+        if (self.warn_dir and
+            not (self.path_file and self.install_path_file) and
+            install_lib not in sys_path):
+            log.debug(("modules installed to '%s', which is not in "
+                       "Python's module search path (sys.path) -- "
+                       "you'll have to change the search path yourself"),
+                       self.install_lib)
+
+    def create_path_file(self):
+        """Creates the .pth file"""
+        filename = os.path.join(self.install_libbase,
+                                self.path_file + ".pth")
+        if self.install_path_file:
+            self.execute(write_file,
+                         (filename, [self.extra_dirs]),
+                         "creating %s" % filename)
+        else:
+            self.warn("path file '%s' not created" % filename)
+
+
+    # -- Reporting methods ---------------------------------------------
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        """Assembles the outputs of all the sub-commands."""
+        outputs = []
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            cmd = self.get_finalized_command(cmd_name)
+            # Add the contents of cmd.get_outputs(), ensuring
+            # that outputs doesn't contain duplicate entries
+            for filename in cmd.get_outputs():
+                if filename not in outputs:
+                    outputs.append(filename)
+
+        if self.path_file and self.install_path_file:
+            outputs.append(os.path.join(self.install_libbase,
+                                        self.path_file + ".pth"))
+
+        return outputs
+
+    def get_inputs(self):
+        """Returns the inputs of all the sub-commands"""
+        # XXX gee, this looks familiar ;-(
+        inputs = []
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            cmd = self.get_finalized_command(cmd_name)
+            inputs.extend(cmd.get_inputs())
+
+        return inputs
+
+    # -- Predicates for sub-command list -------------------------------
+
+    def has_lib(self):
+        """Returns true if the current distribution has any Python
+        modules to install."""
+        return (self.distribution.has_pure_modules() or
+                self.distribution.has_ext_modules())
+
+    def has_headers(self):
+        """Returns true if the current distribution has any headers to
+        install."""
+        return self.distribution.has_headers()
+
+    def has_scripts(self):
+        """Returns true if the current distribution has any scripts to.
+        install."""
+        return self.distribution.has_scripts()
+
+    def has_data(self):
+        """Returns true if the current distribution has any data to.
+        install."""
+        return self.distribution.has_data_files()
+
+    # 'sub_commands': a list of commands this command might have to run to
+    # get its work done.  See cmd.py for more info.
+    sub_commands = [('install_lib',     has_lib),
+                    ('install_headers', has_headers),
+                    ('install_scripts', has_scripts),
+                    ('install_data',    has_data),
+                    ('install_egg_info', lambda self:True),
+                   ]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_data.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_data.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..947cd76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_data.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+"""distutils.command.install_data
+
+Implements the Distutils 'install_data' command, for installing
+platform-independent data files."""
+
+# contributed by Bastian Kleineidam
+
+import os
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.util import change_root, convert_path
+
+class install_data(Command):
+
+    description = "install data files"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('install-dir=', 'd',
+         "base directory for installing data files "
+         "(default: installation base dir)"),
+        ('root=', None,
+         "install everything relative to this alternate root directory"),
+        ('force', 'f', "force installation (overwrite existing files)"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['force']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.install_dir = None
+        self.outfiles = []
+        self.root = None
+        self.force = 0
+        self.data_files = self.distribution.data_files
+        self.warn_dir = 1
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('install',
+                                   ('install_data', 'install_dir'),
+                                   ('root', 'root'),
+                                   ('force', 'force'),
+                                  )
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.mkpath(self.install_dir)
+        for f in self.data_files:
+            if isinstance(f, str):
+                # it's a simple file, so copy it
+                f = convert_path(f)
+                if self.warn_dir:
+                    self.warn("setup script did not provide a directory for "
+                              "'%s' -- installing right in '%s'" %
+                              (f, self.install_dir))
+                (out, _) = self.copy_file(f, self.install_dir)
+                self.outfiles.append(out)
+            else:
+                # it's a tuple with path to install to and a list of files
+                dir = convert_path(f[0])
+                if not os.path.isabs(dir):
+                    dir = os.path.join(self.install_dir, dir)
+                elif self.root:
+                    dir = change_root(self.root, dir)
+                self.mkpath(dir)
+
+                if f[1] == []:
+                    # If there are no files listed, the user must be
+                    # trying to create an empty directory, so add the
+                    # directory to the list of output files.
+                    self.outfiles.append(dir)
+                else:
+                    # Copy files, adding them to the list of output files.
+                    for data in f[1]:
+                        data = convert_path(data)
+                        (out, _) = self.copy_file(data, dir)
+                        self.outfiles.append(out)
+
+    def get_inputs(self):
+        return self.data_files or []
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return self.outfiles
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_egg_info.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_egg_info.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..adc0323
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_egg_info.py
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+"""distutils.command.install_egg_info
+
+Implements the Distutils 'install_egg_info' command, for installing
+a package's PKG-INFO metadata."""
+
+
+from distutils.cmd import Command
+from distutils import log, dir_util
+import os, sys, re
+
+class install_egg_info(Command):
+    """Install an .egg-info file for the package"""
+
+    description = "Install package's PKG-INFO metadata as an .egg-info file"
+    user_options = [
+        ('install-dir=', 'd', "directory to install to"),
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.install_dir = None
+
+    @property
+    def basename(self):
+        """
+        Allow basename to be overridden by child class.
+        Ref pypa/distutils#2.
+        """
+        return "%s-%s-py%d.%d.egg-info" % (
+            to_filename(safe_name(self.distribution.get_name())),
+            to_filename(safe_version(self.distribution.get_version())),
+            *sys.version_info[:2]
+        )
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('install_lib',('install_dir','install_dir'))
+        self.target = os.path.join(self.install_dir, self.basename)
+        self.outputs = [self.target]
+
+    def run(self):
+        target = self.target
+        if os.path.isdir(target) and not os.path.islink(target):
+            dir_util.remove_tree(target, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+        elif os.path.exists(target):
+            self.execute(os.unlink,(self.target,),"Removing "+target)
+        elif not os.path.isdir(self.install_dir):
+            self.execute(os.makedirs, (self.install_dir,),
+                         "Creating "+self.install_dir)
+        log.info("Writing %s", target)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            with open(target, 'w', encoding='UTF-8') as f:
+                self.distribution.metadata.write_pkg_file(f)
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return self.outputs
+
+
+# The following routines are taken from setuptools' pkg_resources module and
+# can be replaced by importing them from pkg_resources once it is included
+# in the stdlib.
+
+def safe_name(name):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard distribution name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric/. characters are replaced with a single '-'.
+    """
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', name)
+
+
+def safe_version(version):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard version string
+
+    Spaces become dots, and all other non-alphanumeric characters become
+    dashes, with runs of multiple dashes condensed to a single dash.
+    """
+    version = version.replace(' ','.')
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', version)
+
+
+def to_filename(name):
+    """Convert a project or version name to its filename-escaped form
+
+    Any '-' characters are currently replaced with '_'.
+    """
+    return name.replace('-','_')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_headers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_headers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bb0b18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_headers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+"""distutils.command.install_headers
+
+Implements the Distutils 'install_headers' command, to install C/C++ header
+files to the Python include directory."""
+
+from distutils.core import Command
+
+
+# XXX force is never used
+class install_headers(Command):
+
+    description = "install C/C++ header files"
+
+    user_options = [('install-dir=', 'd',
+                     "directory to install header files to"),
+                    ('force', 'f',
+                     "force installation (overwrite existing files)"),
+                   ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['force']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.install_dir = None
+        self.force = 0
+        self.outfiles = []
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('install',
+                                   ('install_headers', 'install_dir'),
+                                   ('force', 'force'))
+
+
+    def run(self):
+        headers = self.distribution.headers
+        if not headers:
+            return
+
+        self.mkpath(self.install_dir)
+        for header in headers:
+            (out, _) = self.copy_file(header, self.install_dir)
+            self.outfiles.append(out)
+
+    def get_inputs(self):
+        return self.distribution.headers or []
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return self.outfiles
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_lib.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_lib.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6154cf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_lib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+"""distutils.command.install_lib
+
+Implements the Distutils 'install_lib' command
+(install all Python modules)."""
+
+import os
+import importlib.util
+import sys
+
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+
+
+# Extension for Python source files.
+PYTHON_SOURCE_EXTENSION = ".py"
+
+class install_lib(Command):
+
+    description = "install all Python modules (extensions and pure Python)"
+
+    # The byte-compilation options are a tad confusing.  Here are the
+    # possible scenarios:
+    #   1) no compilation at all (--no-compile --no-optimize)
+    #   2) compile .pyc only (--compile --no-optimize; default)
+    #   3) compile .pyc and "opt-1" .pyc (--compile --optimize)
+    #   4) compile "opt-1" .pyc only (--no-compile --optimize)
+    #   5) compile .pyc and "opt-2" .pyc (--compile --optimize-more)
+    #   6) compile "opt-2" .pyc only (--no-compile --optimize-more)
+    #
+    # The UI for this is two options, 'compile' and 'optimize'.
+    # 'compile' is strictly boolean, and only decides whether to
+    # generate .pyc files.  'optimize' is three-way (0, 1, or 2), and
+    # decides both whether to generate .pyc files and what level of
+    # optimization to use.
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('install-dir=', 'd', "directory to install to"),
+        ('build-dir=','b', "build directory (where to install from)"),
+        ('force', 'f', "force installation (overwrite existing files)"),
+        ('compile', 'c', "compile .py to .pyc [default]"),
+        ('no-compile', None, "don't compile .py files"),
+        ('optimize=', 'O',
+         "also compile with optimization: -O1 for \"python -O\", "
+         "-O2 for \"python -OO\", and -O0 to disable [default: -O0]"),
+        ('skip-build', None, "skip the build steps"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['force', 'compile', 'skip-build']
+    negative_opt = {'no-compile' : 'compile'}
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        # let the 'install' command dictate our installation directory
+        self.install_dir = None
+        self.build_dir = None
+        self.force = 0
+        self.compile = None
+        self.optimize = None
+        self.skip_build = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        # Get all the information we need to install pure Python modules
+        # from the umbrella 'install' command -- build (source) directory,
+        # install (target) directory, and whether to compile .py files.
+        self.set_undefined_options('install',
+                                   ('build_lib', 'build_dir'),
+                                   ('install_lib', 'install_dir'),
+                                   ('force', 'force'),
+                                   ('compile', 'compile'),
+                                   ('optimize', 'optimize'),
+                                   ('skip_build', 'skip_build'),
+                                  )
+
+        if self.compile is None:
+            self.compile = True
+        if self.optimize is None:
+            self.optimize = False
+
+        if not isinstance(self.optimize, int):
+            try:
+                self.optimize = int(self.optimize)
+                if self.optimize not in (0, 1, 2):
+                    raise AssertionError
+            except (ValueError, AssertionError):
+                raise DistutilsOptionError("optimize must be 0, 1, or 2")
+
+    def run(self):
+        # Make sure we have built everything we need first
+        self.build()
+
+        # Install everything: simply dump the entire contents of the build
+        # directory to the installation directory (that's the beauty of
+        # having a build directory!)
+        outfiles = self.install()
+
+        # (Optionally) compile .py to .pyc
+        if outfiles is not None and self.distribution.has_pure_modules():
+            self.byte_compile(outfiles)
+
+    # -- Top-level worker functions ------------------------------------
+    # (called from 'run()')
+
+    def build(self):
+        if not self.skip_build:
+            if self.distribution.has_pure_modules():
+                self.run_command('build_py')
+            if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+                self.run_command('build_ext')
+
+    def install(self):
+        if os.path.isdir(self.build_dir):
+            outfiles = self.copy_tree(self.build_dir, self.install_dir)
+        else:
+            self.warn("'%s' does not exist -- no Python modules to install" %
+                      self.build_dir)
+            return
+        return outfiles
+
+    def byte_compile(self, files):
+        if sys.dont_write_bytecode:
+            self.warn('byte-compiling is disabled, skipping.')
+            return
+
+        from distutils.util import byte_compile
+
+        # Get the "--root" directory supplied to the "install" command,
+        # and use it as a prefix to strip off the purported filename
+        # encoded in bytecode files.  This is far from complete, but it
+        # should at least generate usable bytecode in RPM distributions.
+        install_root = self.get_finalized_command('install').root
+
+        if self.compile:
+            byte_compile(files, optimize=0,
+                         force=self.force, prefix=install_root,
+                         dry_run=self.dry_run)
+        if self.optimize > 0:
+            byte_compile(files, optimize=self.optimize,
+                         force=self.force, prefix=install_root,
+                         verbose=self.verbose, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+
+    # -- Utility methods -----------------------------------------------
+
+    def _mutate_outputs(self, has_any, build_cmd, cmd_option, output_dir):
+        if not has_any:
+            return []
+
+        build_cmd = self.get_finalized_command(build_cmd)
+        build_files = build_cmd.get_outputs()
+        build_dir = getattr(build_cmd, cmd_option)
+
+        prefix_len = len(build_dir) + len(os.sep)
+        outputs = []
+        for file in build_files:
+            outputs.append(os.path.join(output_dir, file[prefix_len:]))
+
+        return outputs
+
+    def _bytecode_filenames(self, py_filenames):
+        bytecode_files = []
+        for py_file in py_filenames:
+            # Since build_py handles package data installation, the
+            # list of outputs can contain more than just .py files.
+            # Make sure we only report bytecode for the .py files.
+            ext = os.path.splitext(os.path.normcase(py_file))[1]
+            if ext != PYTHON_SOURCE_EXTENSION:
+                continue
+            if self.compile:
+                bytecode_files.append(importlib.util.cache_from_source(
+                    py_file, optimization=''))
+            if self.optimize > 0:
+                bytecode_files.append(importlib.util.cache_from_source(
+                    py_file, optimization=self.optimize))
+
+        return bytecode_files
+
+
+    # -- External interface --------------------------------------------
+    # (called by outsiders)
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        """Return the list of files that would be installed if this command
+        were actually run.  Not affected by the "dry-run" flag or whether
+        modules have actually been built yet.
+        """
+        pure_outputs = \
+            self._mutate_outputs(self.distribution.has_pure_modules(),
+                                 'build_py', 'build_lib',
+                                 self.install_dir)
+        if self.compile:
+            bytecode_outputs = self._bytecode_filenames(pure_outputs)
+        else:
+            bytecode_outputs = []
+
+        ext_outputs = \
+            self._mutate_outputs(self.distribution.has_ext_modules(),
+                                 'build_ext', 'build_lib',
+                                 self.install_dir)
+
+        return pure_outputs + bytecode_outputs + ext_outputs
+
+    def get_inputs(self):
+        """Get the list of files that are input to this command, ie. the
+        files that get installed as they are named in the build tree.
+        The files in this list correspond one-to-one to the output
+        filenames returned by 'get_outputs()'.
+        """
+        inputs = []
+
+        if self.distribution.has_pure_modules():
+            build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+            inputs.extend(build_py.get_outputs())
+
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            build_ext = self.get_finalized_command('build_ext')
+            inputs.extend(build_ext.get_outputs())
+
+        return inputs
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_scripts.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_scripts.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31a1130
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/install_scripts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""distutils.command.install_scripts
+
+Implements the Distutils 'install_scripts' command, for installing
+Python scripts."""
+
+# contributed by Bastian Kleineidam
+
+import os
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils import log
+from stat import ST_MODE
+
+
+class install_scripts(Command):
+
+    description = "install scripts (Python or otherwise)"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('install-dir=', 'd', "directory to install scripts to"),
+        ('build-dir=','b', "build directory (where to install from)"),
+        ('force', 'f', "force installation (overwrite existing files)"),
+        ('skip-build', None, "skip the build steps"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['force', 'skip-build']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.install_dir = None
+        self.force = 0
+        self.build_dir = None
+        self.skip_build = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('build', ('build_scripts', 'build_dir'))
+        self.set_undefined_options('install',
+                                   ('install_scripts', 'install_dir'),
+                                   ('force', 'force'),
+                                   ('skip_build', 'skip_build'),
+                                  )
+
+    def run(self):
+        if not self.skip_build:
+            self.run_command('build_scripts')
+        self.outfiles = self.copy_tree(self.build_dir, self.install_dir)
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            # Set the executable bits (owner, group, and world) on
+            # all the scripts we just installed.
+            for file in self.get_outputs():
+                if self.dry_run:
+                    log.info("changing mode of %s", file)
+                else:
+                    mode = ((os.stat(file)[ST_MODE]) | 0o555) & 0o7777
+                    log.info("changing mode of %s to %o", file, mode)
+                    os.chmod(file, mode)
+
+    def get_inputs(self):
+        return self.distribution.scripts or []
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return self.outfiles or []
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/py37compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/py37compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..754715a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/py37compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import sys
+
+
+def _pythonlib_compat():
+    """
+    On Python 3.7 and earlier, distutils would include the Python
+    library. See pypa/distutils#9.
+    """
+    from distutils import sysconfig
+    if not sysconfig.get_config_var('Py_ENABLED_SHARED'):
+        return
+
+    yield 'python{}.{}{}'.format(
+        sys.hexversion >> 24,
+        (sys.hexversion >> 16) & 0xff,
+        sysconfig.get_config_var('ABIFLAGS'),
+    )
+
+
+def compose(f1, f2):
+    return lambda *args, **kwargs: f1(f2(*args, **kwargs))
+
+
+pythonlib = (
+    compose(list, _pythonlib_compat)
+    if sys.version_info < (3, 8)
+    and sys.platform != 'darwin'
+    and sys.platform[:3] != 'aix'
+    else list
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/register.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/register.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fac94e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/register.py
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+"""distutils.command.register
+
+Implements the Distutils 'register' command (register with the repository).
+"""
+
+# created 2002/10/21, Richard Jones
+
+import getpass
+import io
+import urllib.parse, urllib.request
+from warnings import warn
+
+from distutils.core import PyPIRCCommand
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils import log
+
+class register(PyPIRCCommand):
+
+    description = ("register the distribution with the Python package index")
+    user_options = PyPIRCCommand.user_options + [
+        ('list-classifiers', None,
+         'list the valid Trove classifiers'),
+        ('strict', None ,
+         'Will stop the registering if the meta-data are not fully compliant')
+        ]
+    boolean_options = PyPIRCCommand.boolean_options + [
+        'verify', 'list-classifiers', 'strict']
+
+    sub_commands = [('check', lambda self: True)]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        PyPIRCCommand.initialize_options(self)
+        self.list_classifiers = 0
+        self.strict = 0
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        PyPIRCCommand.finalize_options(self)
+        # setting options for the `check` subcommand
+        check_options = {'strict': ('register', self.strict),
+                         'restructuredtext': ('register', 1)}
+        self.distribution.command_options['check'] = check_options
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.finalize_options()
+        self._set_config()
+
+        # Run sub commands
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            self.run_command(cmd_name)
+
+        if self.dry_run:
+            self.verify_metadata()
+        elif self.list_classifiers:
+            self.classifiers()
+        else:
+            self.send_metadata()
+
+    def check_metadata(self):
+        """Deprecated API."""
+        warn("distutils.command.register.check_metadata is deprecated, \
+              use the check command instead", PendingDeprecationWarning)
+        check = self.distribution.get_command_obj('check')
+        check.ensure_finalized()
+        check.strict = self.strict
+        check.restructuredtext = 1
+        check.run()
+
+    def _set_config(self):
+        ''' Reads the configuration file and set attributes.
+        '''
+        config = self._read_pypirc()
+        if config != {}:
+            self.username = config['username']
+            self.password = config['password']
+            self.repository = config['repository']
+            self.realm = config['realm']
+            self.has_config = True
+        else:
+            if self.repository not in ('pypi', self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY):
+                raise ValueError('%s not found in .pypirc' % self.repository)
+            if self.repository == 'pypi':
+                self.repository = self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY
+            self.has_config = False
+
+    def classifiers(self):
+        ''' Fetch the list of classifiers from the server.
+        '''
+        url = self.repository+'?:action=list_classifiers'
+        response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
+        log.info(self._read_pypi_response(response))
+
+    def verify_metadata(self):
+        ''' Send the metadata to the package index server to be checked.
+        '''
+        # send the info to the server and report the result
+        (code, result) = self.post_to_server(self.build_post_data('verify'))
+        log.info('Server response (%s): %s', code, result)
+
+    def send_metadata(self):
+        ''' Send the metadata to the package index server.
+
+            Well, do the following:
+            1. figure who the user is, and then
+            2. send the data as a Basic auth'ed POST.
+
+            First we try to read the username/password from $HOME/.pypirc,
+            which is a ConfigParser-formatted file with a section
+            [distutils] containing username and password entries (both
+            in clear text). Eg:
+
+                [distutils]
+                index-servers =
+                    pypi
+
+                [pypi]
+                username: fred
+                password: sekrit
+
+            Otherwise, to figure who the user is, we offer the user three
+            choices:
+
+             1. use existing login,
+             2. register as a new user, or
+             3. set the password to a random string and email the user.
+
+        '''
+        # see if we can short-cut and get the username/password from the
+        # config
+        if self.has_config:
+            choice = '1'
+            username = self.username
+            password = self.password
+        else:
+            choice = 'x'
+            username = password = ''
+
+        # get the user's login info
+        choices = '1 2 3 4'.split()
+        while choice not in choices:
+            self.announce('''\
+We need to know who you are, so please choose either:
+ 1. use your existing login,
+ 2. register as a new user,
+ 3. have the server generate a new password for you (and email it to you), or
+ 4. quit
+Your selection [default 1]: ''', log.INFO)
+            choice = input()
+            if not choice:
+                choice = '1'
+            elif choice not in choices:
+                print('Please choose one of the four options!')
+
+        if choice == '1':
+            # get the username and password
+            while not username:
+                username = input('Username: ')
+            while not password:
+                password = getpass.getpass('Password: ')
+
+            # set up the authentication
+            auth = urllib.request.HTTPPasswordMgr()
+            host = urllib.parse.urlparse(self.repository)[1]
+            auth.add_password(self.realm, host, username, password)
+            # send the info to the server and report the result
+            code, result = self.post_to_server(self.build_post_data('submit'),
+                auth)
+            self.announce('Server response (%s): %s' % (code, result),
+                          log.INFO)
+
+            # possibly save the login
+            if code == 200:
+                if self.has_config:
+                    # sharing the password in the distribution instance
+                    # so the upload command can reuse it
+                    self.distribution.password = password
+                else:
+                    self.announce(('I can store your PyPI login so future '
+                                   'submissions will be faster.'), log.INFO)
+                    self.announce('(the login will be stored in %s)' % \
+                                  self._get_rc_file(), log.INFO)
+                    choice = 'X'
+                    while choice.lower() not in 'yn':
+                        choice = input('Save your login (y/N)?')
+                        if not choice:
+                            choice = 'n'
+                    if choice.lower() == 'y':
+                        self._store_pypirc(username, password)
+
+        elif choice == '2':
+            data = {':action': 'user'}
+            data['name'] = data['password'] = data['email'] = ''
+            data['confirm'] = None
+            while not data['name']:
+                data['name'] = input('Username: ')
+            while data['password'] != data['confirm']:
+                while not data['password']:
+                    data['password'] = getpass.getpass('Password: ')
+                while not data['confirm']:
+                    data['confirm'] = getpass.getpass(' Confirm: ')
+                if data['password'] != data['confirm']:
+                    data['password'] = ''
+                    data['confirm'] = None
+                    print("Password and confirm don't match!")
+            while not data['email']:
+                data['email'] = input('   EMail: ')
+            code, result = self.post_to_server(data)
+            if code != 200:
+                log.info('Server response (%s): %s', code, result)
+            else:
+                log.info('You will receive an email shortly.')
+                log.info(('Follow the instructions in it to '
+                          'complete registration.'))
+        elif choice == '3':
+            data = {':action': 'password_reset'}
+            data['email'] = ''
+            while not data['email']:
+                data['email'] = input('Your email address: ')
+            code, result = self.post_to_server(data)
+            log.info('Server response (%s): %s', code, result)
+
+    def build_post_data(self, action):
+        # figure the data to send - the metadata plus some additional
+        # information used by the package server
+        meta = self.distribution.metadata
+        data = {
+            ':action': action,
+            'metadata_version' : '1.0',
+            'name': meta.get_name(),
+            'version': meta.get_version(),
+            'summary': meta.get_description(),
+            'home_page': meta.get_url(),
+            'author': meta.get_contact(),
+            'author_email': meta.get_contact_email(),
+            'license': meta.get_licence(),
+            'description': meta.get_long_description(),
+            'keywords': meta.get_keywords(),
+            'platform': meta.get_platforms(),
+            'classifiers': meta.get_classifiers(),
+            'download_url': meta.get_download_url(),
+            # PEP 314
+            'provides': meta.get_provides(),
+            'requires': meta.get_requires(),
+            'obsoletes': meta.get_obsoletes(),
+        }
+        if data['provides'] or data['requires'] or data['obsoletes']:
+            data['metadata_version'] = '1.1'
+        return data
+
+    def post_to_server(self, data, auth=None):
+        ''' Post a query to the server, and return a string response.
+        '''
+        if 'name' in data:
+            self.announce('Registering %s to %s' % (data['name'],
+                                                    self.repository),
+                                                    log.INFO)
+        # Build up the MIME payload for the urllib2 POST data
+        boundary = '--------------GHSKFJDLGDS7543FJKLFHRE75642756743254'
+        sep_boundary = '\n--' + boundary
+        end_boundary = sep_boundary + '--'
+        body = io.StringIO()
+        for key, value in data.items():
+            # handle multiple entries for the same name
+            if type(value) not in (type([]), type( () )):
+                value = [value]
+            for value in value:
+                value = str(value)
+                body.write(sep_boundary)
+                body.write('\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"'%key)
+                body.write("\n\n")
+                body.write(value)
+                if value and value[-1] == '\r':
+                    body.write('\n')  # write an extra newline (lurve Macs)
+        body.write(end_boundary)
+        body.write("\n")
+        body = body.getvalue().encode("utf-8")
+
+        # build the Request
+        headers = {
+            'Content-type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s; charset=utf-8'%boundary,
+            'Content-length': str(len(body))
+        }
+        req = urllib.request.Request(self.repository, body, headers)
+
+        # handle HTTP and include the Basic Auth handler
+        opener = urllib.request.build_opener(
+            urllib.request.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_mgr=auth)
+        )
+        data = ''
+        try:
+            result = opener.open(req)
+        except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
+            if self.show_response:
+                data = e.fp.read()
+            result = e.code, e.msg
+        except urllib.error.URLError as e:
+            result = 500, str(e)
+        else:
+            if self.show_response:
+                data = self._read_pypi_response(result)
+            result = 200, 'OK'
+        if self.show_response:
+            msg = '\n'.join(('-' * 75, data, '-' * 75))
+            self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+        return result
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/sdist.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/sdist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4996fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/sdist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,494 @@
+"""distutils.command.sdist
+
+Implements the Distutils 'sdist' command (create a source distribution)."""
+
+import os
+import sys
+from glob import glob
+from warnings import warn
+
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils import dir_util
+from distutils import file_util
+from distutils import archive_util
+from distutils.text_file import TextFile
+from distutils.filelist import FileList
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsTemplateError, DistutilsOptionError
+
+
+def show_formats():
+    """Print all possible values for the 'formats' option (used by
+    the "--help-formats" command-line option).
+    """
+    from distutils.fancy_getopt import FancyGetopt
+    from distutils.archive_util import ARCHIVE_FORMATS
+    formats = []
+    for format in ARCHIVE_FORMATS.keys():
+        formats.append(("formats=" + format, None,
+                        ARCHIVE_FORMATS[format][2]))
+    formats.sort()
+    FancyGetopt(formats).print_help(
+        "List of available source distribution formats:")
+
+
+class sdist(Command):
+
+    description = "create a source distribution (tarball, zip file, etc.)"
+
+    def checking_metadata(self):
+        """Callable used for the check sub-command.
+
+        Placed here so user_options can view it"""
+        return self.metadata_check
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('template=', 't',
+         "name of manifest template file [default: MANIFEST.in]"),
+        ('manifest=', 'm',
+         "name of manifest file [default: MANIFEST]"),
+        ('use-defaults', None,
+         "include the default file set in the manifest "
+         "[default; disable with --no-defaults]"),
+        ('no-defaults', None,
+         "don't include the default file set"),
+        ('prune', None,
+         "specifically exclude files/directories that should not be "
+         "distributed (build tree, RCS/CVS dirs, etc.) "
+         "[default; disable with --no-prune]"),
+        ('no-prune', None,
+         "don't automatically exclude anything"),
+        ('manifest-only', 'o',
+         "just regenerate the manifest and then stop "
+         "(implies --force-manifest)"),
+        ('force-manifest', 'f',
+         "forcibly regenerate the manifest and carry on as usual. "
+         "Deprecated: now the manifest is always regenerated."),
+        ('formats=', None,
+         "formats for source distribution (comma-separated list)"),
+        ('keep-temp', 'k',
+         "keep the distribution tree around after creating " +
+         "archive file(s)"),
+        ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+         "directory to put the source distribution archive(s) in "
+         "[default: dist]"),
+        ('metadata-check', None,
+         "Ensure that all required elements of meta-data "
+         "are supplied. Warn if any missing. [default]"),
+        ('owner=', 'u',
+         "Owner name used when creating a tar file [default: current user]"),
+        ('group=', 'g',
+         "Group name used when creating a tar file [default: current group]"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['use-defaults', 'prune',
+                       'manifest-only', 'force-manifest',
+                       'keep-temp', 'metadata-check']
+
+    help_options = [
+        ('help-formats', None,
+         "list available distribution formats", show_formats),
+        ]
+
+    negative_opt = {'no-defaults': 'use-defaults',
+                    'no-prune': 'prune' }
+
+    sub_commands = [('check', checking_metadata)]
+
+    READMES = ('README', 'README.txt', 'README.rst')
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        # 'template' and 'manifest' are, respectively, the names of
+        # the manifest template and manifest file.
+        self.template = None
+        self.manifest = None
+
+        # 'use_defaults': if true, we will include the default file set
+        # in the manifest
+        self.use_defaults = 1
+        self.prune = 1
+
+        self.manifest_only = 0
+        self.force_manifest = 0
+
+        self.formats = ['gztar']
+        self.keep_temp = 0
+        self.dist_dir = None
+
+        self.archive_files = None
+        self.metadata_check = 1
+        self.owner = None
+        self.group = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        if self.manifest is None:
+            self.manifest = "MANIFEST"
+        if self.template is None:
+            self.template = "MANIFEST.in"
+
+        self.ensure_string_list('formats')
+
+        bad_format = archive_util.check_archive_formats(self.formats)
+        if bad_format:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                  "unknown archive format '%s'" % bad_format)
+
+        if self.dist_dir is None:
+            self.dist_dir = "dist"
+
+    def run(self):
+        # 'filelist' contains the list of files that will make up the
+        # manifest
+        self.filelist = FileList()
+
+        # Run sub commands
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            self.run_command(cmd_name)
+
+        # Do whatever it takes to get the list of files to process
+        # (process the manifest template, read an existing manifest,
+        # whatever).  File list is accumulated in 'self.filelist'.
+        self.get_file_list()
+
+        # If user just wanted us to regenerate the manifest, stop now.
+        if self.manifest_only:
+            return
+
+        # Otherwise, go ahead and create the source distribution tarball,
+        # or zipfile, or whatever.
+        self.make_distribution()
+
+    def check_metadata(self):
+        """Deprecated API."""
+        warn("distutils.command.sdist.check_metadata is deprecated, \
+              use the check command instead", PendingDeprecationWarning)
+        check = self.distribution.get_command_obj('check')
+        check.ensure_finalized()
+        check.run()
+
+    def get_file_list(self):
+        """Figure out the list of files to include in the source
+        distribution, and put it in 'self.filelist'.  This might involve
+        reading the manifest template (and writing the manifest), or just
+        reading the manifest, or just using the default file set -- it all
+        depends on the user's options.
+        """
+        # new behavior when using a template:
+        # the file list is recalculated every time because
+        # even if MANIFEST.in or setup.py are not changed
+        # the user might have added some files in the tree that
+        # need to be included.
+        #
+        #  This makes --force the default and only behavior with templates.
+        template_exists = os.path.isfile(self.template)
+        if not template_exists and self._manifest_is_not_generated():
+            self.read_manifest()
+            self.filelist.sort()
+            self.filelist.remove_duplicates()
+            return
+
+        if not template_exists:
+            self.warn(("manifest template '%s' does not exist " +
+                        "(using default file list)") %
+                        self.template)
+        self.filelist.findall()
+
+        if self.use_defaults:
+            self.add_defaults()
+
+        if template_exists:
+            self.read_template()
+
+        if self.prune:
+            self.prune_file_list()
+
+        self.filelist.sort()
+        self.filelist.remove_duplicates()
+        self.write_manifest()
+
+    def add_defaults(self):
+        """Add all the default files to self.filelist:
+          - README or README.txt
+          - setup.py
+          - test/test*.py
+          - all pure Python modules mentioned in setup script
+          - all files pointed by package_data (build_py)
+          - all files defined in data_files.
+          - all files defined as scripts.
+          - all C sources listed as part of extensions or C libraries
+            in the setup script (doesn't catch C headers!)
+        Warns if (README or README.txt) or setup.py are missing; everything
+        else is optional.
+        """
+        self._add_defaults_standards()
+        self._add_defaults_optional()
+        self._add_defaults_python()
+        self._add_defaults_data_files()
+        self._add_defaults_ext()
+        self._add_defaults_c_libs()
+        self._add_defaults_scripts()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _cs_path_exists(fspath):
+        """
+        Case-sensitive path existence check
+
+        >>> sdist._cs_path_exists(__file__)
+        True
+        >>> sdist._cs_path_exists(__file__.upper())
+        False
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(fspath):
+            return False
+        # make absolute so we always have a directory
+        abspath = os.path.abspath(fspath)
+        directory, filename = os.path.split(abspath)
+        return filename in os.listdir(directory)
+
+    def _add_defaults_standards(self):
+        standards = [self.READMES, self.distribution.script_name]
+        for fn in standards:
+            if isinstance(fn, tuple):
+                alts = fn
+                got_it = False
+                for fn in alts:
+                    if self._cs_path_exists(fn):
+                        got_it = True
+                        self.filelist.append(fn)
+                        break
+
+                if not got_it:
+                    self.warn("standard file not found: should have one of " +
+                              ', '.join(alts))
+            else:
+                if self._cs_path_exists(fn):
+                    self.filelist.append(fn)
+                else:
+                    self.warn("standard file '%s' not found" % fn)
+
+    def _add_defaults_optional(self):
+        optional = ['test/test*.py', 'setup.cfg']
+        for pattern in optional:
+            files = filter(os.path.isfile, glob(pattern))
+            self.filelist.extend(files)
+
+    def _add_defaults_python(self):
+        # build_py is used to get:
+        #  - python modules
+        #  - files defined in package_data
+        build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+
+        # getting python files
+        if self.distribution.has_pure_modules():
+            self.filelist.extend(build_py.get_source_files())
+
+        # getting package_data files
+        # (computed in build_py.data_files by build_py.finalize_options)
+        for pkg, src_dir, build_dir, filenames in build_py.data_files:
+            for filename in filenames:
+                self.filelist.append(os.path.join(src_dir, filename))
+
+    def _add_defaults_data_files(self):
+        # getting distribution.data_files
+        if self.distribution.has_data_files():
+            for item in self.distribution.data_files:
+                if isinstance(item, str):
+                    # plain file
+                    item = convert_path(item)
+                    if os.path.isfile(item):
+                        self.filelist.append(item)
+                else:
+                    # a (dirname, filenames) tuple
+                    dirname, filenames = item
+                    for f in filenames:
+                        f = convert_path(f)
+                        if os.path.isfile(f):
+                            self.filelist.append(f)
+
+    def _add_defaults_ext(self):
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            build_ext = self.get_finalized_command('build_ext')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_ext.get_source_files())
+
+    def _add_defaults_c_libs(self):
+        if self.distribution.has_c_libraries():
+            build_clib = self.get_finalized_command('build_clib')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_clib.get_source_files())
+
+    def _add_defaults_scripts(self):
+        if self.distribution.has_scripts():
+            build_scripts = self.get_finalized_command('build_scripts')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_scripts.get_source_files())
+
+    def read_template(self):
+        """Read and parse manifest template file named by self.template.
+
+        (usually "MANIFEST.in") The parsing and processing is done by
+        'self.filelist', which updates itself accordingly.
+        """
+        log.info("reading manifest template '%s'", self.template)
+        template = TextFile(self.template, strip_comments=1, skip_blanks=1,
+                            join_lines=1, lstrip_ws=1, rstrip_ws=1,
+                            collapse_join=1)
+
+        try:
+            while True:
+                line = template.readline()
+                if line is None:            # end of file
+                    break
+
+                try:
+                    self.filelist.process_template_line(line)
+                # the call above can raise a DistutilsTemplateError for
+                # malformed lines, or a ValueError from the lower-level
+                # convert_path function
+                except (DistutilsTemplateError, ValueError) as msg:
+                    self.warn("%s, line %d: %s" % (template.filename,
+                                                   template.current_line,
+                                                   msg))
+        finally:
+            template.close()
+
+    def prune_file_list(self):
+        """Prune off branches that might slip into the file list as created
+        by 'read_template()', but really don't belong there:
+          * the build tree (typically "build")
+          * the release tree itself (only an issue if we ran "sdist"
+            previously with --keep-temp, or it aborted)
+          * any RCS, CVS, .svn, .hg, .git, .bzr, _darcs directories
+        """
+        build = self.get_finalized_command('build')
+        base_dir = self.distribution.get_fullname()
+
+        self.filelist.exclude_pattern(None, prefix=build.build_base)
+        self.filelist.exclude_pattern(None, prefix=base_dir)
+
+        if sys.platform == 'win32':
+            seps = r'/|\\'
+        else:
+            seps = '/'
+
+        vcs_dirs = ['RCS', 'CVS', r'\.svn', r'\.hg', r'\.git', r'\.bzr',
+                    '_darcs']
+        vcs_ptrn = r'(^|%s)(%s)(%s).*' % (seps, '|'.join(vcs_dirs), seps)
+        self.filelist.exclude_pattern(vcs_ptrn, is_regex=1)
+
+    def write_manifest(self):
+        """Write the file list in 'self.filelist' (presumably as filled in
+        by 'add_defaults()' and 'read_template()') to the manifest file
+        named by 'self.manifest'.
+        """
+        if self._manifest_is_not_generated():
+            log.info("not writing to manually maintained "
+                     "manifest file '%s'" % self.manifest)
+            return
+
+        content = self.filelist.files[:]
+        content.insert(0, '# file GENERATED by distutils, do NOT edit')
+        self.execute(file_util.write_file, (self.manifest, content),
+                     "writing manifest file '%s'" % self.manifest)
+
+    def _manifest_is_not_generated(self):
+        # check for special comment used in 3.1.3 and higher
+        if not os.path.isfile(self.manifest):
+            return False
+
+        fp = open(self.manifest)
+        try:
+            first_line = fp.readline()
+        finally:
+            fp.close()
+        return first_line != '# file GENERATED by distutils, do NOT edit\n'
+
+    def read_manifest(self):
+        """Read the manifest file (named by 'self.manifest') and use it to
+        fill in 'self.filelist', the list of files to include in the source
+        distribution.
+        """
+        log.info("reading manifest file '%s'", self.manifest)
+        with open(self.manifest) as manifest:
+            for line in manifest:
+                # ignore comments and blank lines
+                line = line.strip()
+                if line.startswith('#') or not line:
+                    continue
+                self.filelist.append(line)
+
+    def make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files):
+        """Create the directory tree that will become the source
+        distribution archive.  All directories implied by the filenames in
+        'files' are created under 'base_dir', and then we hard link or copy
+        (if hard linking is unavailable) those files into place.
+        Essentially, this duplicates the developer's source tree, but in a
+        directory named after the distribution, containing only the files
+        to be distributed.
+        """
+        # Create all the directories under 'base_dir' necessary to
+        # put 'files' there; the 'mkpath()' is just so we don't die
+        # if the manifest happens to be empty.
+        self.mkpath(base_dir)
+        dir_util.create_tree(base_dir, files, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+        # And walk over the list of files, either making a hard link (if
+        # os.link exists) to each one that doesn't already exist in its
+        # corresponding location under 'base_dir', or copying each file
+        # that's out-of-date in 'base_dir'.  (Usually, all files will be
+        # out-of-date, because by default we blow away 'base_dir' when
+        # we're done making the distribution archives.)
+
+        if hasattr(os, 'link'):        # can make hard links on this system
+            link = 'hard'
+            msg = "making hard links in %s..." % base_dir
+        else:                           # nope, have to copy
+            link = None
+            msg = "copying files to %s..." % base_dir
+
+        if not files:
+            log.warn("no files to distribute -- empty manifest?")
+        else:
+            log.info(msg)
+        for file in files:
+            if not os.path.isfile(file):
+                log.warn("'%s' not a regular file -- skipping", file)
+            else:
+                dest = os.path.join(base_dir, file)
+                self.copy_file(file, dest, link=link)
+
+        self.distribution.metadata.write_pkg_info(base_dir)
+
+    def make_distribution(self):
+        """Create the source distribution(s).  First, we create the release
+        tree with 'make_release_tree()'; then, we create all required
+        archive files (according to 'self.formats') from the release tree.
+        Finally, we clean up by blowing away the release tree (unless
+        'self.keep_temp' is true).  The list of archive files created is
+        stored so it can be retrieved later by 'get_archive_files()'.
+        """
+        # Don't warn about missing meta-data here -- should be (and is!)
+        # done elsewhere.
+        base_dir = self.distribution.get_fullname()
+        base_name = os.path.join(self.dist_dir, base_dir)
+
+        self.make_release_tree(base_dir, self.filelist.files)
+        archive_files = []              # remember names of files we create
+        # tar archive must be created last to avoid overwrite and remove
+        if 'tar' in self.formats:
+            self.formats.append(self.formats.pop(self.formats.index('tar')))
+
+        for fmt in self.formats:
+            file = self.make_archive(base_name, fmt, base_dir=base_dir,
+                                     owner=self.owner, group=self.group)
+            archive_files.append(file)
+            self.distribution.dist_files.append(('sdist', '', file))
+
+        self.archive_files = archive_files
+
+        if not self.keep_temp:
+            dir_util.remove_tree(base_dir, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+    def get_archive_files(self):
+        """Return the list of archive files created when the command
+        was run, or None if the command hasn't run yet.
+        """
+        return self.archive_files
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/upload.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/upload.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95e9fda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/upload.py
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+"""
+distutils.command.upload
+
+Implements the Distutils 'upload' subcommand (upload package to a package
+index).
+"""
+
+import os
+import io
+import hashlib
+from base64 import standard_b64encode
+from urllib.request import urlopen, Request, HTTPError
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError, DistutilsOptionError
+from distutils.core import PyPIRCCommand
+from distutils.spawn import spawn
+from distutils import log
+
+
+# PyPI Warehouse supports MD5, SHA256, and Blake2 (blake2-256)
+# https://bugs.python.org/issue40698
+_FILE_CONTENT_DIGESTS = {
+    "md5_digest": getattr(hashlib, "md5", None),
+    "sha256_digest": getattr(hashlib, "sha256", None),
+    "blake2_256_digest": getattr(hashlib, "blake2b", None),
+}
+
+
+class upload(PyPIRCCommand):
+
+    description = "upload binary package to PyPI"
+
+    user_options = PyPIRCCommand.user_options + [
+        ('sign', 's',
+         'sign files to upload using gpg'),
+        ('identity=', 'i', 'GPG identity used to sign files'),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = PyPIRCCommand.boolean_options + ['sign']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        PyPIRCCommand.initialize_options(self)
+        self.username = ''
+        self.password = ''
+        self.show_response = 0
+        self.sign = False
+        self.identity = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        PyPIRCCommand.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.identity and not self.sign:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Must use --sign for --identity to have meaning"
+            )
+        config = self._read_pypirc()
+        if config != {}:
+            self.username = config['username']
+            self.password = config['password']
+            self.repository = config['repository']
+            self.realm = config['realm']
+
+        # getting the password from the distribution
+        # if previously set by the register command
+        if not self.password and self.distribution.password:
+            self.password = self.distribution.password
+
+    def run(self):
+        if not self.distribution.dist_files:
+            msg = ("Must create and upload files in one command "
+                   "(e.g. setup.py sdist upload)")
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(msg)
+        for command, pyversion, filename in self.distribution.dist_files:
+            self.upload_file(command, pyversion, filename)
+
+    def upload_file(self, command, pyversion, filename):
+        # Makes sure the repository URL is compliant
+        schema, netloc, url, params, query, fragments = \
+            urlparse(self.repository)
+        if params or query or fragments:
+            raise AssertionError("Incompatible url %s" % self.repository)
+
+        if schema not in ('http', 'https'):
+            raise AssertionError("unsupported schema " + schema)
+
+        # Sign if requested
+        if self.sign:
+            gpg_args = ["gpg", "--detach-sign", "-a", filename]
+            if self.identity:
+                gpg_args[2:2] = ["--local-user", self.identity]
+            spawn(gpg_args,
+                  dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+        # Fill in the data - send all the meta-data in case we need to
+        # register a new release
+        f = open(filename,'rb')
+        try:
+            content = f.read()
+        finally:
+            f.close()
+
+        meta = self.distribution.metadata
+        data = {
+            # action
+            ':action': 'file_upload',
+            'protocol_version': '1',
+
+            # identify release
+            'name': meta.get_name(),
+            'version': meta.get_version(),
+
+            # file content
+            'content': (os.path.basename(filename),content),
+            'filetype': command,
+            'pyversion': pyversion,
+
+            # additional meta-data
+            'metadata_version': '1.0',
+            'summary': meta.get_description(),
+            'home_page': meta.get_url(),
+            'author': meta.get_contact(),
+            'author_email': meta.get_contact_email(),
+            'license': meta.get_licence(),
+            'description': meta.get_long_description(),
+            'keywords': meta.get_keywords(),
+            'platform': meta.get_platforms(),
+            'classifiers': meta.get_classifiers(),
+            'download_url': meta.get_download_url(),
+            # PEP 314
+            'provides': meta.get_provides(),
+            'requires': meta.get_requires(),
+            'obsoletes': meta.get_obsoletes(),
+            }
+
+        data['comment'] = ''
+
+        # file content digests
+        for digest_name, digest_cons in _FILE_CONTENT_DIGESTS.items():
+            if digest_cons is None:
+                continue
+            try:
+                data[digest_name] = digest_cons(content).hexdigest()
+            except ValueError:
+                # hash digest not available or blocked by security policy
+                pass
+
+        if self.sign:
+            with open(filename + ".asc", "rb") as f:
+                data['gpg_signature'] = (os.path.basename(filename) + ".asc",
+                                         f.read())
+
+        # set up the authentication
+        user_pass = (self.username + ":" + self.password).encode('ascii')
+        # The exact encoding of the authentication string is debated.
+        # Anyway PyPI only accepts ascii for both username or password.
+        auth = "Basic " + standard_b64encode(user_pass).decode('ascii')
+
+        # Build up the MIME payload for the POST data
+        boundary = '--------------GHSKFJDLGDS7543FJKLFHRE75642756743254'
+        sep_boundary = b'\r\n--' + boundary.encode('ascii')
+        end_boundary = sep_boundary + b'--\r\n'
+        body = io.BytesIO()
+        for key, value in data.items():
+            title = '\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' % key
+            # handle multiple entries for the same name
+            if not isinstance(value, list):
+                value = [value]
+            for value in value:
+                if type(value) is tuple:
+                    title += '; filename="%s"' % value[0]
+                    value = value[1]
+                else:
+                    value = str(value).encode('utf-8')
+                body.write(sep_boundary)
+                body.write(title.encode('utf-8'))
+                body.write(b"\r\n\r\n")
+                body.write(value)
+        body.write(end_boundary)
+        body = body.getvalue()
+
+        msg = "Submitting %s to %s" % (filename, self.repository)
+        self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+
+        # build the Request
+        headers = {
+            'Content-type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s' % boundary,
+            'Content-length': str(len(body)),
+            'Authorization': auth,
+        }
+
+        request = Request(self.repository, data=body,
+                          headers=headers)
+        # send the data
+        try:
+            result = urlopen(request)
+            status = result.getcode()
+            reason = result.msg
+        except HTTPError as e:
+            status = e.code
+            reason = e.msg
+        except OSError as e:
+            self.announce(str(e), log.ERROR)
+            raise
+
+        if status == 200:
+            self.announce('Server response (%s): %s' % (status, reason),
+                          log.INFO)
+            if self.show_response:
+                text = self._read_pypi_response(result)
+                msg = '\n'.join(('-' * 75, text, '-' * 75))
+                self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+        else:
+            msg = 'Upload failed (%s): %s' % (status, reason)
+            self.announce(msg, log.ERROR)
+            raise DistutilsError(msg)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/config.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2171abd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+"""distutils.pypirc
+
+Provides the PyPIRCCommand class, the base class for the command classes
+that uses .pypirc in the distutils.command package.
+"""
+import os
+from configparser import RawConfigParser
+
+from distutils.cmd import Command
+
+DEFAULT_PYPIRC = """\
+[distutils]
+index-servers =
+    pypi
+
+[pypi]
+username:%s
+password:%s
+"""
+
+class PyPIRCCommand(Command):
+    """Base command that knows how to handle the .pypirc file
+    """
+    DEFAULT_REPOSITORY = 'https://upload.pypi.org/legacy/'
+    DEFAULT_REALM = 'pypi'
+    repository = None
+    realm = None
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('repository=', 'r',
+         "url of repository [default: %s]" % \
+            DEFAULT_REPOSITORY),
+        ('show-response', None,
+         'display full response text from server')]
+
+    boolean_options = ['show-response']
+
+    def _get_rc_file(self):
+        """Returns rc file path."""
+        return os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), '.pypirc')
+
+    def _store_pypirc(self, username, password):
+        """Creates a default .pypirc file."""
+        rc = self._get_rc_file()
+        with os.fdopen(os.open(rc, os.O_CREAT | os.O_WRONLY, 0o600), 'w') as f:
+            f.write(DEFAULT_PYPIRC % (username, password))
+
+    def _read_pypirc(self):
+        """Reads the .pypirc file."""
+        rc = self._get_rc_file()
+        if os.path.exists(rc):
+            self.announce('Using PyPI login from %s' % rc)
+            repository = self.repository or self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY
+
+            config = RawConfigParser()
+            config.read(rc)
+            sections = config.sections()
+            if 'distutils' in sections:
+                # let's get the list of servers
+                index_servers = config.get('distutils', 'index-servers')
+                _servers = [server.strip() for server in
+                            index_servers.split('\n')
+                            if server.strip() != '']
+                if _servers == []:
+                    # nothing set, let's try to get the default pypi
+                    if 'pypi' in sections:
+                        _servers = ['pypi']
+                    else:
+                        # the file is not properly defined, returning
+                        # an empty dict
+                        return {}
+                for server in _servers:
+                    current = {'server': server}
+                    current['username'] = config.get(server, 'username')
+
+                    # optional params
+                    for key, default in (('repository',
+                                          self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY),
+                                         ('realm', self.DEFAULT_REALM),
+                                         ('password', None)):
+                        if config.has_option(server, key):
+                            current[key] = config.get(server, key)
+                        else:
+                            current[key] = default
+
+                    # work around people having "repository" for the "pypi"
+                    # section of their config set to the HTTP (rather than
+                    # HTTPS) URL
+                    if (server == 'pypi' and
+                        repository in (self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY, 'pypi')):
+                        current['repository'] = self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY
+                        return current
+
+                    if (current['server'] == repository or
+                        current['repository'] == repository):
+                        return current
+            elif 'server-login' in sections:
+                # old format
+                server = 'server-login'
+                if config.has_option(server, 'repository'):
+                    repository = config.get(server, 'repository')
+                else:
+                    repository = self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY
+                return {'username': config.get(server, 'username'),
+                        'password': config.get(server, 'password'),
+                        'repository': repository,
+                        'server': server,
+                        'realm': self.DEFAULT_REALM}
+
+        return {}
+
+    def _read_pypi_response(self, response):
+        """Read and decode a PyPI HTTP response."""
+        import cgi
+        content_type = response.getheader('content-type', 'text/plain')
+        encoding = cgi.parse_header(content_type)[1].get('charset', 'ascii')
+        return response.read().decode(encoding)
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        """Initialize options."""
+        self.repository = None
+        self.realm = None
+        self.show_response = 0
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        """Finalizes options."""
+        if self.repository is None:
+            self.repository = self.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY
+        if self.realm is None:
+            self.realm = self.DEFAULT_REALM
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f43888e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+"""distutils.core
+
+The only module that needs to be imported to use the Distutils; provides
+the 'setup' function (which is to be called from the setup script).  Also
+indirectly provides the Distribution and Command classes, although they are
+really defined in distutils.dist and distutils.cmd.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import tokenize
+
+from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+from distutils.errors import *
+
+# Mainly import these so setup scripts can "from distutils.core import" them.
+from distutils.dist import Distribution
+from distutils.cmd import Command
+from distutils.config import PyPIRCCommand
+from distutils.extension import Extension
+
+# This is a barebones help message generated displayed when the user
+# runs the setup script with no arguments at all.  More useful help
+# is generated with various --help options: global help, list commands,
+# and per-command help.
+USAGE = """\
+usage: %(script)s [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...]
+   or: %(script)s --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...]
+   or: %(script)s --help-commands
+   or: %(script)s cmd --help
+"""
+
+def gen_usage (script_name):
+    script = os.path.basename(script_name)
+    return USAGE % vars()
+
+
+# Some mild magic to control the behaviour of 'setup()' from 'run_setup()'.
+_setup_stop_after = None
+_setup_distribution = None
+
+# Legal keyword arguments for the setup() function
+setup_keywords = ('distclass', 'script_name', 'script_args', 'options',
+                  'name', 'version', 'author', 'author_email',
+                  'maintainer', 'maintainer_email', 'url', 'license',
+                  'description', 'long_description', 'keywords',
+                  'platforms', 'classifiers', 'download_url',
+                  'requires', 'provides', 'obsoletes',
+                  )
+
+# Legal keyword arguments for the Extension constructor
+extension_keywords = ('name', 'sources', 'include_dirs',
+                      'define_macros', 'undef_macros',
+                      'library_dirs', 'libraries', 'runtime_library_dirs',
+                      'extra_objects', 'extra_compile_args', 'extra_link_args',
+                      'swig_opts', 'export_symbols', 'depends', 'language')
+
+def setup (**attrs):
+    """The gateway to the Distutils: do everything your setup script needs
+    to do, in a highly flexible and user-driven way.  Briefly: create a
+    Distribution instance; find and parse config files; parse the command
+    line; run each Distutils command found there, customized by the options
+    supplied to 'setup()' (as keyword arguments), in config files, and on
+    the command line.
+
+    The Distribution instance might be an instance of a class supplied via
+    the 'distclass' keyword argument to 'setup'; if no such class is
+    supplied, then the Distribution class (in dist.py) is instantiated.
+    All other arguments to 'setup' (except for 'cmdclass') are used to set
+    attributes of the Distribution instance.
+
+    The 'cmdclass' argument, if supplied, is a dictionary mapping command
+    names to command classes.  Each command encountered on the command line
+    will be turned into a command class, which is in turn instantiated; any
+    class found in 'cmdclass' is used in place of the default, which is
+    (for command 'foo_bar') class 'foo_bar' in module
+    'distutils.command.foo_bar'.  The command class must provide a
+    'user_options' attribute which is a list of option specifiers for
+    'distutils.fancy_getopt'.  Any command-line options between the current
+    and the next command are used to set attributes of the current command
+    object.
+
+    When the entire command-line has been successfully parsed, calls the
+    'run()' method on each command object in turn.  This method will be
+    driven entirely by the Distribution object (which each command object
+    has a reference to, thanks to its constructor), and the
+    command-specific options that became attributes of each command
+    object.
+    """
+
+    global _setup_stop_after, _setup_distribution
+
+    # Determine the distribution class -- either caller-supplied or
+    # our Distribution (see below).
+    klass = attrs.get('distclass')
+    if klass:
+        del attrs['distclass']
+    else:
+        klass = Distribution
+
+    if 'script_name' not in attrs:
+        attrs['script_name'] = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
+    if 'script_args'  not in attrs:
+        attrs['script_args'] = sys.argv[1:]
+
+    # Create the Distribution instance, using the remaining arguments
+    # (ie. everything except distclass) to initialize it
+    try:
+        _setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
+    except DistutilsSetupError as msg:
+        if 'name' not in attrs:
+            raise SystemExit("error in setup command: %s" % msg)
+        else:
+            raise SystemExit("error in %s setup command: %s" % \
+                  (attrs['name'], msg))
+
+    if _setup_stop_after == "init":
+        return dist
+
+    # Find and parse the config file(s): they will override options from
+    # the setup script, but be overridden by the command line.
+    dist.parse_config_files()
+
+    if DEBUG:
+        print("options (after parsing config files):")
+        dist.dump_option_dicts()
+
+    if _setup_stop_after == "config":
+        return dist
+
+    # Parse the command line and override config files; any
+    # command-line errors are the end user's fault, so turn them into
+    # SystemExit to suppress tracebacks.
+    try:
+        ok = dist.parse_command_line()
+    except DistutilsArgError as msg:
+        raise SystemExit(gen_usage(dist.script_name) + "\nerror: %s" % msg)
+
+    if DEBUG:
+        print("options (after parsing command line):")
+        dist.dump_option_dicts()
+
+    if _setup_stop_after == "commandline":
+        return dist
+
+    # And finally, run all the commands found on the command line.
+    if ok:
+        return run_commands(dist)
+
+    return dist
+
+# setup ()
+
+
+def run_commands (dist):
+    """Given a Distribution object run all the commands,
+    raising ``SystemExit`` errors in the case of failure.
+
+    This function assumes that either ``sys.argv`` or ``dist.script_args``
+    is already set accordingly.
+    """
+    try:
+        dist.run_commands()
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        raise SystemExit("interrupted")
+    except OSError as exc:
+        if DEBUG:
+            sys.stderr.write("error: %s\n" % (exc,))
+            raise
+        else:
+            raise SystemExit("error: %s" % (exc,))
+
+    except (DistutilsError,
+            CCompilerError) as msg:
+        if DEBUG:
+            raise
+        else:
+            raise SystemExit("error: " + str(msg))
+
+    return dist
+
+
+def run_setup (script_name, script_args=None, stop_after="run"):
+    """Run a setup script in a somewhat controlled environment, and
+    return the Distribution instance that drives things.  This is useful
+    if you need to find out the distribution meta-data (passed as
+    keyword args from 'script' to 'setup()', or the contents of the
+    config files or command-line.
+
+    'script_name' is a file that will be read and run with 'exec()';
+    'sys.argv[0]' will be replaced with 'script' for the duration of the
+    call.  'script_args' is a list of strings; if supplied,
+    'sys.argv[1:]' will be replaced by 'script_args' for the duration of
+    the call.
+
+    'stop_after' tells 'setup()' when to stop processing; possible
+    values:
+      init
+        stop after the Distribution instance has been created and
+        populated with the keyword arguments to 'setup()'
+      config
+        stop after config files have been parsed (and their data
+        stored in the Distribution instance)
+      commandline
+        stop after the command-line ('sys.argv[1:]' or 'script_args')
+        have been parsed (and the data stored in the Distribution)
+      run [default]
+        stop after all commands have been run (the same as if 'setup()'
+        had been called in the usual way
+
+    Returns the Distribution instance, which provides all information
+    used to drive the Distutils.
+    """
+    if stop_after not in ('init', 'config', 'commandline', 'run'):
+        raise ValueError("invalid value for 'stop_after': %r" % (stop_after,))
+
+    global _setup_stop_after, _setup_distribution
+    _setup_stop_after = stop_after
+
+    save_argv = sys.argv.copy()
+    g = {'__file__': script_name, '__name__': '__main__'}
+    try:
+        try:
+            sys.argv[0] = script_name
+            if script_args is not None:
+                sys.argv[1:] = script_args
+            # tokenize.open supports automatic encoding detection
+            with tokenize.open(script_name) as f:
+                code = f.read().replace(r'\r\n', r'\n')
+                exec(code, g)
+        finally:
+            sys.argv = save_argv
+            _setup_stop_after = None
+    except SystemExit:
+        # Hmm, should we do something if exiting with a non-zero code
+        # (ie. error)?
+        pass
+
+    if _setup_distribution is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(("'distutils.core.setup()' was never called -- "
+               "perhaps '%s' is not a Distutils setup script?") % \
+              script_name)
+
+    # I wonder if the setup script's namespace -- g and l -- would be of
+    # any interest to callers?
+    #print "_setup_distribution:", _setup_distribution
+    return _setup_distribution
+
+# run_setup ()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cygwinccompiler.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cygwinccompiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd082f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cygwinccompiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+"""distutils.cygwinccompiler
+
+Provides the CygwinCCompiler class, a subclass of UnixCCompiler that
+handles the Cygwin port of the GNU C compiler to Windows.  It also contains
+the Mingw32CCompiler class which handles the mingw32 port of GCC (same as
+cygwin in no-cygwin mode).
+"""
+
+# problems:
+#
+# * if you use a msvc compiled python version (1.5.2)
+#   1. you have to insert a __GNUC__ section in its config.h
+#   2. you have to generate an import library for its dll
+#      - create a def-file for python??.dll
+#      - create an import library using
+#             dlltool --dllname python15.dll --def python15.def \
+#                       --output-lib libpython15.a
+#
+#   see also http://starship.python.net/crew/kernr/mingw32/Notes.html
+#
+# * We put export_symbols in a def-file, and don't use
+#   --export-all-symbols because it doesn't worked reliable in some
+#   tested configurations. And because other windows compilers also
+#   need their symbols specified this no serious problem.
+#
+# tested configurations:
+#
+# * cygwin gcc 2.91.57/ld 2.9.4/dllwrap 0.2.4 works
+#   (after patching python's config.h and for C++ some other include files)
+#   see also http://starship.python.net/crew/kernr/mingw32/Notes.html
+# * mingw32 gcc 2.95.2/ld 2.9.4/dllwrap 0.2.4 works
+#   (ld doesn't support -shared, so we use dllwrap)
+# * cygwin gcc 2.95.2/ld 2.10.90/dllwrap 2.10.90 works now
+#   - its dllwrap doesn't work, there is a bug in binutils 2.10.90
+#     see also http://sources.redhat.com/ml/cygwin/2000-06/msg01274.html
+#   - using gcc -mdll instead dllwrap doesn't work without -static because
+#     it tries to link against dlls instead their import libraries. (If
+#     it finds the dll first.)
+#     By specifying -static we force ld to link against the import libraries,
+#     this is windows standard and there are normally not the necessary symbols
+#     in the dlls.
+#   *** only the version of June 2000 shows these problems
+# * cygwin gcc 3.2/ld 2.13.90 works
+#   (ld supports -shared)
+# * mingw gcc 3.2/ld 2.13 works
+#   (ld supports -shared)
+# * llvm-mingw with Clang 11 works
+#   (lld supports -shared)
+
+import os
+import sys
+import copy
+import shlex
+import warnings
+from subprocess import check_output
+
+from distutils.unixccompiler import UnixCCompiler
+from distutils.file_util import write_file
+from distutils.errors import (DistutilsExecError, CCompilerError,
+        CompileError, UnknownFileError)
+from distutils.version import LooseVersion, suppress_known_deprecation
+
+def get_msvcr():
+    """Include the appropriate MSVC runtime library if Python was built
+    with MSVC 7.0 or later.
+    """
+    msc_pos = sys.version.find('MSC v.')
+    if msc_pos != -1:
+        msc_ver = sys.version[msc_pos+6:msc_pos+10]
+        if msc_ver == '1300':
+            # MSVC 7.0
+            return ['msvcr70']
+        elif msc_ver == '1310':
+            # MSVC 7.1
+            return ['msvcr71']
+        elif msc_ver == '1400':
+            # VS2005 / MSVC 8.0
+            return ['msvcr80']
+        elif msc_ver == '1500':
+            # VS2008 / MSVC 9.0
+            return ['msvcr90']
+        elif msc_ver == '1600':
+            # VS2010 / MSVC 10.0
+            return ['msvcr100']
+        elif msc_ver == '1700':
+            # VS2012 / MSVC 11.0
+            return ['msvcr110']
+        elif msc_ver == '1800':
+            # VS2013 / MSVC 12.0
+            return ['msvcr120']
+        elif 1900 <= int(msc_ver) < 2000:
+            # VS2015 / MSVC 14.0
+           return ['ucrt', 'vcruntime140'] 
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unknown MS Compiler version %s " % msc_ver)
+
+
+class CygwinCCompiler(UnixCCompiler):
+    """ Handles the Cygwin port of the GNU C compiler to Windows.
+    """
+    compiler_type = 'cygwin'
+    obj_extension = ".o"
+    static_lib_extension = ".a"
+    shared_lib_extension = ".dll"
+    static_lib_format = "lib%s%s"
+    shared_lib_format = "%s%s"
+    exe_extension = ".exe"
+
+    def __init__(self, verbose=0, dry_run=0, force=0):
+
+        UnixCCompiler.__init__(self, verbose, dry_run, force)
+
+        status, details = check_config_h()
+        self.debug_print("Python's GCC status: %s (details: %s)" %
+                         (status, details))
+        if status is not CONFIG_H_OK:
+            self.warn(
+                "Python's pyconfig.h doesn't seem to support your compiler. "
+                "Reason: %s. "
+                "Compiling may fail because of undefined preprocessor macros."
+                % details)
+
+        self.cc = os.environ.get('CC', 'gcc')
+        self.cxx = os.environ.get('CXX', 'g++')
+
+        self.linker_dll = self.cc
+        shared_option = "-shared"
+
+        self.set_executables(compiler='%s -mcygwin -O -Wall' % self.cc,
+                             compiler_so='%s -mcygwin -mdll -O -Wall' % self.cc,
+                             compiler_cxx='%s -mcygwin -O -Wall' % self.cxx,
+                             linker_exe='%s -mcygwin' % self.cc,
+                             linker_so=('%s -mcygwin %s' %
+                                        (self.linker_dll, shared_option)))
+
+        # Include the appropriate MSVC runtime library if Python was built
+        # with MSVC 7.0 or later.
+        self.dll_libraries = get_msvcr()
+
+    @property
+    def gcc_version(self):
+        # Older numpy dependend on this existing to check for ancient
+        # gcc versions. This doesn't make much sense with clang etc so
+        # just hardcode to something recent.
+        # https://github.com/numpy/numpy/pull/20333
+        warnings.warn(
+            "gcc_version attribute of CygwinCCompiler is deprecated. "
+            "Instead of returning actual gcc version a fixed value 11.2.0 is returned.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        with suppress_known_deprecation():
+            return LooseVersion("11.2.0")
+
+    def _compile(self, obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts):
+        """Compiles the source by spawning GCC and windres if needed."""
+        if ext == '.rc' or ext == '.res':
+            # gcc needs '.res' and '.rc' compiled to object files !!!
+            try:
+                self.spawn(["windres", "-i", src, "-o", obj])
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise CompileError(msg)
+        else: # for other files use the C-compiler
+            try:
+                self.spawn(self.compiler_so + cc_args + [src, '-o', obj] +
+                           extra_postargs)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise CompileError(msg)
+
+    def link(self, target_desc, objects, output_filename, output_dir=None,
+             libraries=None, library_dirs=None, runtime_library_dirs=None,
+             export_symbols=None, debug=0, extra_preargs=None,
+             extra_postargs=None, build_temp=None, target_lang=None):
+        """Link the objects."""
+        # use separate copies, so we can modify the lists
+        extra_preargs = copy.copy(extra_preargs or [])
+        libraries = copy.copy(libraries or [])
+        objects = copy.copy(objects or [])
+
+        # Additional libraries
+        libraries.extend(self.dll_libraries)
+
+        # handle export symbols by creating a def-file
+        # with executables this only works with gcc/ld as linker
+        if ((export_symbols is not None) and
+            (target_desc != self.EXECUTABLE or self.linker_dll == "gcc")):
+            # (The linker doesn't do anything if output is up-to-date.
+            # So it would probably better to check if we really need this,
+            # but for this we had to insert some unchanged parts of
+            # UnixCCompiler, and this is not what we want.)
+
+            # we want to put some files in the same directory as the
+            # object files are, build_temp doesn't help much
+            # where are the object files
+            temp_dir = os.path.dirname(objects[0])
+            # name of dll to give the helper files the same base name
+            (dll_name, dll_extension) = os.path.splitext(
+                os.path.basename(output_filename))
+
+            # generate the filenames for these files
+            def_file = os.path.join(temp_dir, dll_name + ".def")
+            lib_file = os.path.join(temp_dir, 'lib' + dll_name + ".a")
+
+            # Generate .def file
+            contents = [
+                "LIBRARY %s" % os.path.basename(output_filename),
+                "EXPORTS"]
+            for sym in export_symbols:
+                contents.append(sym)
+            self.execute(write_file, (def_file, contents),
+                         "writing %s" % def_file)
+
+            # next add options for def-file and to creating import libraries
+
+            # doesn't work: bfd_close build\...\libfoo.a: Invalid operation
+            #extra_preargs.extend(["-Wl,--out-implib,%s" % lib_file])
+            # for gcc/ld the def-file is specified as any object files
+            objects.append(def_file)
+
+        #end: if ((export_symbols is not None) and
+        #        (target_desc != self.EXECUTABLE or self.linker_dll == "gcc")):
+
+        # who wants symbols and a many times larger output file
+        # should explicitly switch the debug mode on
+        # otherwise we let ld strip the output file
+        # (On my machine: 10KiB < stripped_file < ??100KiB
+        #   unstripped_file = stripped_file + XXX KiB
+        #  ( XXX=254 for a typical python extension))
+        if not debug:
+            extra_preargs.append("-s")
+
+        UnixCCompiler.link(self, target_desc, objects, output_filename,
+                           output_dir, libraries, library_dirs,
+                           runtime_library_dirs,
+                           None, # export_symbols, we do this in our def-file
+                           debug, extra_preargs, extra_postargs, build_temp,
+                           target_lang)
+
+    # -- Miscellaneous methods -----------------------------------------
+
+    def object_filenames(self, source_filenames, strip_dir=0, output_dir=''):
+        """Adds supports for rc and res files."""
+        if output_dir is None:
+            output_dir = ''
+        obj_names = []
+        for src_name in source_filenames:
+            # use normcase to make sure '.rc' is really '.rc' and not '.RC'
+            base, ext = os.path.splitext(os.path.normcase(src_name))
+            if ext not in (self.src_extensions + ['.rc','.res']):
+                raise UnknownFileError("unknown file type '%s' (from '%s')" % \
+                      (ext, src_name))
+            if strip_dir:
+                base = os.path.basename (base)
+            if ext in ('.res', '.rc'):
+                # these need to be compiled to object files
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join(output_dir,
+                                              base + ext + self.obj_extension))
+            else:
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join(output_dir,
+                                               base + self.obj_extension))
+        return obj_names
+
+# the same as cygwin plus some additional parameters
+class Mingw32CCompiler(CygwinCCompiler):
+    """ Handles the Mingw32 port of the GNU C compiler to Windows.
+    """
+    compiler_type = 'mingw32'
+
+    def __init__(self, verbose=0, dry_run=0, force=0):
+
+        CygwinCCompiler.__init__ (self, verbose, dry_run, force)
+
+        shared_option = "-shared"
+
+        if is_cygwincc(self.cc):
+            raise CCompilerError(
+                'Cygwin gcc cannot be used with --compiler=mingw32')
+
+        self.set_executables(compiler='%s -O -Wall' % self.cc,
+                             compiler_so='%s -mdll -O -Wall' % self.cc,
+                             compiler_cxx='%s -O -Wall' % self.cxx,
+                             linker_exe='%s' % self.cc,
+                             linker_so='%s %s'
+                                        % (self.linker_dll, shared_option))
+
+        # Maybe we should also append -mthreads, but then the finished
+        # dlls need another dll (mingwm10.dll see Mingw32 docs)
+        # (-mthreads: Support thread-safe exception handling on `Mingw32')
+
+        # no additional libraries needed
+        self.dll_libraries=[]
+
+        # Include the appropriate MSVC runtime library if Python was built
+        # with MSVC 7.0 or later.
+        self.dll_libraries = get_msvcr()
+
+# Because these compilers aren't configured in Python's pyconfig.h file by
+# default, we should at least warn the user if he is using an unmodified
+# version.
+
+CONFIG_H_OK = "ok"
+CONFIG_H_NOTOK = "not ok"
+CONFIG_H_UNCERTAIN = "uncertain"
+
+def check_config_h():
+    """Check if the current Python installation appears amenable to building
+    extensions with GCC.
+
+    Returns a tuple (status, details), where 'status' is one of the following
+    constants:
+
+    - CONFIG_H_OK: all is well, go ahead and compile
+    - CONFIG_H_NOTOK: doesn't look good
+    - CONFIG_H_UNCERTAIN: not sure -- unable to read pyconfig.h
+
+    'details' is a human-readable string explaining the situation.
+
+    Note there are two ways to conclude "OK": either 'sys.version' contains
+    the string "GCC" (implying that this Python was built with GCC), or the
+    installed "pyconfig.h" contains the string "__GNUC__".
+    """
+
+    # XXX since this function also checks sys.version, it's not strictly a
+    # "pyconfig.h" check -- should probably be renamed...
+
+    from distutils import sysconfig
+
+    # if sys.version contains GCC then python was compiled with GCC, and the
+    # pyconfig.h file should be OK
+    if "GCC" in sys.version:
+        return CONFIG_H_OK, "sys.version mentions 'GCC'"
+
+    # Clang would also work
+    if "Clang" in sys.version:
+        return CONFIG_H_OK, "sys.version mentions 'Clang'"
+
+    # let's see if __GNUC__ is mentioned in python.h
+    fn = sysconfig.get_config_h_filename()
+    try:
+        config_h = open(fn)
+        try:
+            if "__GNUC__" in config_h.read():
+                return CONFIG_H_OK, "'%s' mentions '__GNUC__'" % fn
+            else:
+                return CONFIG_H_NOTOK, "'%s' does not mention '__GNUC__'" % fn
+        finally:
+            config_h.close()
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return (CONFIG_H_UNCERTAIN,
+                "couldn't read '%s': %s" % (fn, exc.strerror))
+
+def is_cygwincc(cc):
+    '''Try to determine if the compiler that would be used is from cygwin.'''
+    out_string = check_output(shlex.split(cc) + ['-dumpmachine'])
+    return out_string.strip().endswith(b'cygwin')
+
+
+get_versions = None
+"""
+A stand-in for the previous get_versions() function to prevent failures
+when monkeypatched. See pypa/setuptools#2969.
+"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/debug.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/debug.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..daf1660
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/debug.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import os
+
+# If DISTUTILS_DEBUG is anything other than the empty string, we run in
+# debug mode.
+DEBUG = os.environ.get('DISTUTILS_DEBUG')
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dep_util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dep_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d74f5e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dep_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""distutils.dep_util
+
+Utility functions for simple, timestamp-based dependency of files
+and groups of files; also, function based entirely on such
+timestamp dependency analysis."""
+
+import os
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsFileError
+
+
+def newer (source, target):
+    """Return true if 'source' exists and is more recently modified than
+    'target', or if 'source' exists and 'target' doesn't.  Return false if
+    both exist and 'target' is the same age or younger than 'source'.
+    Raise DistutilsFileError if 'source' does not exist.
+    """
+    if not os.path.exists(source):
+        raise DistutilsFileError("file '%s' does not exist" %
+                                 os.path.abspath(source))
+    if not os.path.exists(target):
+        return 1
+
+    from stat import ST_MTIME
+    mtime1 = os.stat(source)[ST_MTIME]
+    mtime2 = os.stat(target)[ST_MTIME]
+
+    return mtime1 > mtime2
+
+# newer ()
+
+
+def newer_pairwise (sources, targets):
+    """Walk two filename lists in parallel, testing if each source is newer
+    than its corresponding target.  Return a pair of lists (sources,
+    targets) where source is newer than target, according to the semantics
+    of 'newer()'.
+    """
+    if len(sources) != len(targets):
+        raise ValueError("'sources' and 'targets' must be same length")
+
+    # build a pair of lists (sources, targets) where  source is newer
+    n_sources = []
+    n_targets = []
+    for i in range(len(sources)):
+        if newer(sources[i], targets[i]):
+            n_sources.append(sources[i])
+            n_targets.append(targets[i])
+
+    return (n_sources, n_targets)
+
+# newer_pairwise ()
+
+
+def newer_group (sources, target, missing='error'):
+    """Return true if 'target' is out-of-date with respect to any file
+    listed in 'sources'.  In other words, if 'target' exists and is newer
+    than every file in 'sources', return false; otherwise return true.
+    'missing' controls what we do when a source file is missing; the
+    default ("error") is to blow up with an OSError from inside 'stat()';
+    if it is "ignore", we silently drop any missing source files; if it is
+    "newer", any missing source files make us assume that 'target' is
+    out-of-date (this is handy in "dry-run" mode: it'll make you pretend to
+    carry out commands that wouldn't work because inputs are missing, but
+    that doesn't matter because you're not actually going to run the
+    commands).
+    """
+    # If the target doesn't even exist, then it's definitely out-of-date.
+    if not os.path.exists(target):
+        return 1
+
+    # Otherwise we have to find out the hard way: if *any* source file
+    # is more recent than 'target', then 'target' is out-of-date and
+    # we can immediately return true.  If we fall through to the end
+    # of the loop, then 'target' is up-to-date and we return false.
+    from stat import ST_MTIME
+    target_mtime = os.stat(target)[ST_MTIME]
+    for source in sources:
+        if not os.path.exists(source):
+            if missing == 'error':      # blow up when we stat() the file
+                pass
+            elif missing == 'ignore':   # missing source dropped from
+                continue                #  target's dependency list
+            elif missing == 'newer':    # missing source means target is
+                return 1                #  out-of-date
+
+        source_mtime = os.stat(source)[ST_MTIME]
+        if source_mtime > target_mtime:
+            return 1
+    else:
+        return 0
+
+# newer_group ()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dir_util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dir_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5cd8e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dir_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+"""distutils.dir_util
+
+Utility functions for manipulating directories and directory trees."""
+
+import os
+import errno
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsFileError, DistutilsInternalError
+from distutils import log
+
+# cache for by mkpath() -- in addition to cheapening redundant calls,
+# eliminates redundant "creating /foo/bar/baz" messages in dry-run mode
+_path_created = {}
+
+# I don't use os.makedirs because a) it's new to Python 1.5.2, and
+# b) it blows up if the directory already exists (I want to silently
+# succeed in that case).
+def mkpath(name, mode=0o777, verbose=1, dry_run=0):
+    """Create a directory and any missing ancestor directories.
+
+    If the directory already exists (or if 'name' is the empty string, which
+    means the current directory, which of course exists), then do nothing.
+    Raise DistutilsFileError if unable to create some directory along the way
+    (eg. some sub-path exists, but is a file rather than a directory).
+    If 'verbose' is true, print a one-line summary of each mkdir to stdout.
+    Return the list of directories actually created.
+    """
+
+    global _path_created
+
+    # Detect a common bug -- name is None
+    if not isinstance(name, str):
+        raise DistutilsInternalError(
+              "mkpath: 'name' must be a string (got %r)" % (name,))
+
+    # XXX what's the better way to handle verbosity? print as we create
+    # each directory in the path (the current behaviour), or only announce
+    # the creation of the whole path? (quite easy to do the latter since
+    # we're not using a recursive algorithm)
+
+    name = os.path.normpath(name)
+    created_dirs = []
+    if os.path.isdir(name) or name == '':
+        return created_dirs
+    if _path_created.get(os.path.abspath(name)):
+        return created_dirs
+
+    (head, tail) = os.path.split(name)
+    tails = [tail]                      # stack of lone dirs to create
+
+    while head and tail and not os.path.isdir(head):
+        (head, tail) = os.path.split(head)
+        tails.insert(0, tail)          # push next higher dir onto stack
+
+    # now 'head' contains the deepest directory that already exists
+    # (that is, the child of 'head' in 'name' is the highest directory
+    # that does *not* exist)
+    for d in tails:
+        #print "head = %s, d = %s: " % (head, d),
+        head = os.path.join(head, d)
+        abs_head = os.path.abspath(head)
+
+        if _path_created.get(abs_head):
+            continue
+
+        if verbose >= 1:
+            log.info("creating %s", head)
+
+        if not dry_run:
+            try:
+                os.mkdir(head, mode)
+            except OSError as exc:
+                if not (exc.errno == errno.EEXIST and os.path.isdir(head)):
+                    raise DistutilsFileError(
+                          "could not create '%s': %s" % (head, exc.args[-1]))
+            created_dirs.append(head)
+
+        _path_created[abs_head] = 1
+    return created_dirs
+
+def create_tree(base_dir, files, mode=0o777, verbose=1, dry_run=0):
+    """Create all the empty directories under 'base_dir' needed to put 'files'
+    there.
+
+    'base_dir' is just the name of a directory which doesn't necessarily
+    exist yet; 'files' is a list of filenames to be interpreted relative to
+    'base_dir'.  'base_dir' + the directory portion of every file in 'files'
+    will be created if it doesn't already exist.  'mode', 'verbose' and
+    'dry_run' flags are as for 'mkpath()'.
+    """
+    # First get the list of directories to create
+    need_dir = set()
+    for file in files:
+        need_dir.add(os.path.join(base_dir, os.path.dirname(file)))
+
+    # Now create them
+    for dir in sorted(need_dir):
+        mkpath(dir, mode, verbose=verbose, dry_run=dry_run)
+
+def copy_tree(src, dst, preserve_mode=1, preserve_times=1,
+              preserve_symlinks=0, update=0, verbose=1, dry_run=0):
+    """Copy an entire directory tree 'src' to a new location 'dst'.
+
+    Both 'src' and 'dst' must be directory names.  If 'src' is not a
+    directory, raise DistutilsFileError.  If 'dst' does not exist, it is
+    created with 'mkpath()'.  The end result of the copy is that every
+    file in 'src' is copied to 'dst', and directories under 'src' are
+    recursively copied to 'dst'.  Return the list of files that were
+    copied or might have been copied, using their output name.  The
+    return value is unaffected by 'update' or 'dry_run': it is simply
+    the list of all files under 'src', with the names changed to be
+    under 'dst'.
+
+    'preserve_mode' and 'preserve_times' are the same as for
+    'copy_file'; note that they only apply to regular files, not to
+    directories.  If 'preserve_symlinks' is true, symlinks will be
+    copied as symlinks (on platforms that support them!); otherwise
+    (the default), the destination of the symlink will be copied.
+    'update' and 'verbose' are the same as for 'copy_file'.
+    """
+    from distutils.file_util import copy_file
+
+    if not dry_run and not os.path.isdir(src):
+        raise DistutilsFileError(
+              "cannot copy tree '%s': not a directory" % src)
+    try:
+        names = os.listdir(src)
+    except OSError as e:
+        if dry_run:
+            names = []
+        else:
+            raise DistutilsFileError(
+                  "error listing files in '%s': %s" % (src, e.strerror))
+
+    if not dry_run:
+        mkpath(dst, verbose=verbose)
+
+    outputs = []
+
+    for n in names:
+        src_name = os.path.join(src, n)
+        dst_name = os.path.join(dst, n)
+
+        if n.startswith('.nfs'):
+            # skip NFS rename files
+            continue
+
+        if preserve_symlinks and os.path.islink(src_name):
+            link_dest = os.readlink(src_name)
+            if verbose >= 1:
+                log.info("linking %s -> %s", dst_name, link_dest)
+            if not dry_run:
+                os.symlink(link_dest, dst_name)
+            outputs.append(dst_name)
+
+        elif os.path.isdir(src_name):
+            outputs.extend(
+                copy_tree(src_name, dst_name, preserve_mode,
+                          preserve_times, preserve_symlinks, update,
+                          verbose=verbose, dry_run=dry_run))
+        else:
+            copy_file(src_name, dst_name, preserve_mode,
+                      preserve_times, update, verbose=verbose,
+                      dry_run=dry_run)
+            outputs.append(dst_name)
+
+    return outputs
+
+def _build_cmdtuple(path, cmdtuples):
+    """Helper for remove_tree()."""
+    for f in os.listdir(path):
+        real_f = os.path.join(path,f)
+        if os.path.isdir(real_f) and not os.path.islink(real_f):
+            _build_cmdtuple(real_f, cmdtuples)
+        else:
+            cmdtuples.append((os.remove, real_f))
+    cmdtuples.append((os.rmdir, path))
+
+def remove_tree(directory, verbose=1, dry_run=0):
+    """Recursively remove an entire directory tree.
+
+    Any errors are ignored (apart from being reported to stdout if 'verbose'
+    is true).
+    """
+    global _path_created
+
+    if verbose >= 1:
+        log.info("removing '%s' (and everything under it)", directory)
+    if dry_run:
+        return
+    cmdtuples = []
+    _build_cmdtuple(directory, cmdtuples)
+    for cmd in cmdtuples:
+        try:
+            cmd[0](cmd[1])
+            # remove dir from cache if it's already there
+            abspath = os.path.abspath(cmd[1])
+            if abspath in _path_created:
+                del _path_created[abspath]
+        except OSError as exc:
+            log.warn("error removing %s: %s", directory, exc)
+
+def ensure_relative(path):
+    """Take the full path 'path', and make it a relative path.
+
+    This is useful to make 'path' the second argument to os.path.join().
+    """
+    drive, path = os.path.splitdrive(path)
+    if path[0:1] == os.sep:
+        path = drive + path[1:]
+    return path
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37db4d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1257 @@
+"""distutils.dist
+
+Provides the Distribution class, which represents the module distribution
+being built/installed/distributed.
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+import re
+from email import message_from_file
+
+try:
+    import warnings
+except ImportError:
+    warnings = None
+
+from distutils.errors import *
+from distutils.fancy_getopt import FancyGetopt, translate_longopt
+from distutils.util import check_environ, strtobool, rfc822_escape
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+
+# Regex to define acceptable Distutils command names.  This is not *quite*
+# the same as a Python NAME -- I don't allow leading underscores.  The fact
+# that they're very similar is no coincidence; the default naming scheme is
+# to look for a Python module named after the command.
+command_re = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z]([a-zA-Z0-9_]*)$')
+
+
+def _ensure_list(value, fieldname):
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        # a string containing comma separated values is okay.  It will
+        # be converted to a list by Distribution.finalize_options().
+        pass
+    elif not isinstance(value, list):
+        # passing a tuple or an iterator perhaps, warn and convert
+        typename = type(value).__name__
+        msg = "Warning: '{fieldname}' should be a list, got type '{typename}'"
+        msg = msg.format(**locals())
+        log.log(log.WARN, msg)
+        value = list(value)
+    return value
+
+
+class Distribution:
+    """The core of the Distutils.  Most of the work hiding behind 'setup'
+    is really done within a Distribution instance, which farms the work out
+    to the Distutils commands specified on the command line.
+
+    Setup scripts will almost never instantiate Distribution directly,
+    unless the 'setup()' function is totally inadequate to their needs.
+    However, it is conceivable that a setup script might wish to subclass
+    Distribution for some specialized purpose, and then pass the subclass
+    to 'setup()' as the 'distclass' keyword argument.  If so, it is
+    necessary to respect the expectations that 'setup' has of Distribution.
+    See the code for 'setup()', in core.py, for details.
+    """
+
+    # 'global_options' describes the command-line options that may be
+    # supplied to the setup script prior to any actual commands.
+    # Eg. "./setup.py -n" or "./setup.py --quiet" both take advantage of
+    # these global options.  This list should be kept to a bare minimum,
+    # since every global option is also valid as a command option -- and we
+    # don't want to pollute the commands with too many options that they
+    # have minimal control over.
+    # The fourth entry for verbose means that it can be repeated.
+    global_options = [
+        ('verbose', 'v', "run verbosely (default)", 1),
+        ('quiet', 'q', "run quietly (turns verbosity off)"),
+        ('dry-run', 'n', "don't actually do anything"),
+        ('help', 'h', "show detailed help message"),
+        ('no-user-cfg', None,
+            'ignore pydistutils.cfg in your home directory'),
+    ]
+
+    # 'common_usage' is a short (2-3 line) string describing the common
+    # usage of the setup script.
+    common_usage = """\
+Common commands: (see '--help-commands' for more)
+
+  setup.py build      will build the package underneath 'build/'
+  setup.py install    will install the package
+"""
+
+    # options that are not propagated to the commands
+    display_options = [
+        ('help-commands', None,
+         "list all available commands"),
+        ('name', None,
+         "print package name"),
+        ('version', 'V',
+         "print package version"),
+        ('fullname', None,
+         "print <package name>-<version>"),
+        ('author', None,
+         "print the author's name"),
+        ('author-email', None,
+         "print the author's email address"),
+        ('maintainer', None,
+         "print the maintainer's name"),
+        ('maintainer-email', None,
+         "print the maintainer's email address"),
+        ('contact', None,
+         "print the maintainer's name if known, else the author's"),
+        ('contact-email', None,
+         "print the maintainer's email address if known, else the author's"),
+        ('url', None,
+         "print the URL for this package"),
+        ('license', None,
+         "print the license of the package"),
+        ('licence', None,
+         "alias for --license"),
+        ('description', None,
+         "print the package description"),
+        ('long-description', None,
+         "print the long package description"),
+        ('platforms', None,
+         "print the list of platforms"),
+        ('classifiers', None,
+         "print the list of classifiers"),
+        ('keywords', None,
+         "print the list of keywords"),
+        ('provides', None,
+         "print the list of packages/modules provided"),
+        ('requires', None,
+         "print the list of packages/modules required"),
+        ('obsoletes', None,
+         "print the list of packages/modules made obsolete")
+        ]
+    display_option_names = [translate_longopt(x[0]) for x in display_options]
+
+    # negative options are options that exclude other options
+    negative_opt = {'quiet': 'verbose'}
+
+    # -- Creation/initialization methods -------------------------------
+
+    def __init__(self, attrs=None):
+        """Construct a new Distribution instance: initialize all the
+        attributes of a Distribution, and then use 'attrs' (a dictionary
+        mapping attribute names to values) to assign some of those
+        attributes their "real" values.  (Any attributes not mentioned in
+        'attrs' will be assigned to some null value: 0, None, an empty list
+        or dictionary, etc.)  Most importantly, initialize the
+        'command_obj' attribute to the empty dictionary; this will be
+        filled in with real command objects by 'parse_command_line()'.
+        """
+
+        # Default values for our command-line options
+        self.verbose = 1
+        self.dry_run = 0
+        self.help = 0
+        for attr in self.display_option_names:
+            setattr(self, attr, 0)
+
+        # Store the distribution meta-data (name, version, author, and so
+        # forth) in a separate object -- we're getting to have enough
+        # information here (and enough command-line options) that it's
+        # worth it.  Also delegate 'get_XXX()' methods to the 'metadata'
+        # object in a sneaky and underhanded (but efficient!) way.
+        self.metadata = DistributionMetadata()
+        for basename in self.metadata._METHOD_BASENAMES:
+            method_name = "get_" + basename
+            setattr(self, method_name, getattr(self.metadata, method_name))
+
+        # 'cmdclass' maps command names to class objects, so we
+        # can 1) quickly figure out which class to instantiate when
+        # we need to create a new command object, and 2) have a way
+        # for the setup script to override command classes
+        self.cmdclass = {}
+
+        # 'command_packages' is a list of packages in which commands
+        # are searched for.  The factory for command 'foo' is expected
+        # to be named 'foo' in the module 'foo' in one of the packages
+        # named here.  This list is searched from the left; an error
+        # is raised if no named package provides the command being
+        # searched for.  (Always access using get_command_packages().)
+        self.command_packages = None
+
+        # 'script_name' and 'script_args' are usually set to sys.argv[0]
+        # and sys.argv[1:], but they can be overridden when the caller is
+        # not necessarily a setup script run from the command-line.
+        self.script_name = None
+        self.script_args = None
+
+        # 'command_options' is where we store command options between
+        # parsing them (from config files, the command-line, etc.) and when
+        # they are actually needed -- ie. when the command in question is
+        # instantiated.  It is a dictionary of dictionaries of 2-tuples:
+        #   command_options = { command_name : { option : (source, value) } }
+        self.command_options = {}
+
+        # 'dist_files' is the list of (command, pyversion, file) that
+        # have been created by any dist commands run so far. This is
+        # filled regardless of whether the run is dry or not. pyversion
+        # gives sysconfig.get_python_version() if the dist file is
+        # specific to a Python version, 'any' if it is good for all
+        # Python versions on the target platform, and '' for a source
+        # file. pyversion should not be used to specify minimum or
+        # maximum required Python versions; use the metainfo for that
+        # instead.
+        self.dist_files = []
+
+        # These options are really the business of various commands, rather
+        # than of the Distribution itself.  We provide aliases for them in
+        # Distribution as a convenience to the developer.
+        self.packages = None
+        self.package_data = {}
+        self.package_dir = None
+        self.py_modules = None
+        self.libraries = None
+        self.headers = None
+        self.ext_modules = None
+        self.ext_package = None
+        self.include_dirs = None
+        self.extra_path = None
+        self.scripts = None
+        self.data_files = None
+        self.password = ''
+
+        # And now initialize bookkeeping stuff that can't be supplied by
+        # the caller at all.  'command_obj' maps command names to
+        # Command instances -- that's how we enforce that every command
+        # class is a singleton.
+        self.command_obj = {}
+
+        # 'have_run' maps command names to boolean values; it keeps track
+        # of whether we have actually run a particular command, to make it
+        # cheap to "run" a command whenever we think we might need to -- if
+        # it's already been done, no need for expensive filesystem
+        # operations, we just check the 'have_run' dictionary and carry on.
+        # It's only safe to query 'have_run' for a command class that has
+        # been instantiated -- a false value will be inserted when the
+        # command object is created, and replaced with a true value when
+        # the command is successfully run.  Thus it's probably best to use
+        # '.get()' rather than a straight lookup.
+        self.have_run = {}
+
+        # Now we'll use the attrs dictionary (ultimately, keyword args from
+        # the setup script) to possibly override any or all of these
+        # distribution options.
+
+        if attrs:
+            # Pull out the set of command options and work on them
+            # specifically.  Note that this order guarantees that aliased
+            # command options will override any supplied redundantly
+            # through the general options dictionary.
+            options = attrs.get('options')
+            if options is not None:
+                del attrs['options']
+                for (command, cmd_options) in options.items():
+                    opt_dict = self.get_option_dict(command)
+                    for (opt, val) in cmd_options.items():
+                        opt_dict[opt] = ("setup script", val)
+
+            if 'licence' in attrs:
+                attrs['license'] = attrs['licence']
+                del attrs['licence']
+                msg = "'licence' distribution option is deprecated; use 'license'"
+                if warnings is not None:
+                    warnings.warn(msg)
+                else:
+                    sys.stderr.write(msg + "\n")
+
+            # Now work on the rest of the attributes.  Any attribute that's
+            # not already defined is invalid!
+            for (key, val) in attrs.items():
+                if hasattr(self.metadata, "set_" + key):
+                    getattr(self.metadata, "set_" + key)(val)
+                elif hasattr(self.metadata, key):
+                    setattr(self.metadata, key, val)
+                elif hasattr(self, key):
+                    setattr(self, key, val)
+                else:
+                    msg = "Unknown distribution option: %s" % repr(key)
+                    warnings.warn(msg)
+
+        # no-user-cfg is handled before other command line args
+        # because other args override the config files, and this
+        # one is needed before we can load the config files.
+        # If attrs['script_args'] wasn't passed, assume false.
+        #
+        # This also make sure we just look at the global options
+        self.want_user_cfg = True
+
+        if self.script_args is not None:
+            for arg in self.script_args:
+                if not arg.startswith('-'):
+                    break
+                if arg == '--no-user-cfg':
+                    self.want_user_cfg = False
+                    break
+
+        self.finalize_options()
+
+    def get_option_dict(self, command):
+        """Get the option dictionary for a given command.  If that
+        command's option dictionary hasn't been created yet, then create it
+        and return the new dictionary; otherwise, return the existing
+        option dictionary.
+        """
+        dict = self.command_options.get(command)
+        if dict is None:
+            dict = self.command_options[command] = {}
+        return dict
+
+    def dump_option_dicts(self, header=None, commands=None, indent=""):
+        from pprint import pformat
+
+        if commands is None:             # dump all command option dicts
+            commands = sorted(self.command_options.keys())
+
+        if header is not None:
+            self.announce(indent + header)
+            indent = indent + "  "
+
+        if not commands:
+            self.announce(indent + "no commands known yet")
+            return
+
+        for cmd_name in commands:
+            opt_dict = self.command_options.get(cmd_name)
+            if opt_dict is None:
+                self.announce(indent +
+                              "no option dict for '%s' command" % cmd_name)
+            else:
+                self.announce(indent +
+                              "option dict for '%s' command:" % cmd_name)
+                out = pformat(opt_dict)
+                for line in out.split('\n'):
+                    self.announce(indent + "  " + line)
+
+    # -- Config file finding/parsing methods ---------------------------
+
+    def find_config_files(self):
+        """Find as many configuration files as should be processed for this
+        platform, and return a list of filenames in the order in which they
+        should be parsed.  The filenames returned are guaranteed to exist
+        (modulo nasty race conditions).
+
+        There are three possible config files: distutils.cfg in the
+        Distutils installation directory (ie. where the top-level
+        Distutils __inst__.py file lives), a file in the user's home
+        directory named .pydistutils.cfg on Unix and pydistutils.cfg
+        on Windows/Mac; and setup.cfg in the current directory.
+
+        The file in the user's home directory can be disabled with the
+        --no-user-cfg option.
+        """
+        files = []
+        check_environ()
+
+        # Where to look for the system-wide Distutils config file
+        sys_dir = os.path.dirname(sys.modules['distutils'].__file__)
+
+        # Look for the system config file
+        sys_file = os.path.join(sys_dir, "distutils.cfg")
+        if os.path.isfile(sys_file):
+            files.append(sys_file)
+
+        # What to call the per-user config file
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            user_filename = ".pydistutils.cfg"
+        else:
+            user_filename = "pydistutils.cfg"
+
+        # And look for the user config file
+        if self.want_user_cfg:
+            user_file = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), user_filename)
+            if os.path.isfile(user_file):
+                files.append(user_file)
+
+        # All platforms support local setup.cfg
+        local_file = "setup.cfg"
+        if os.path.isfile(local_file):
+            files.append(local_file)
+
+        if DEBUG:
+            self.announce("using config files: %s" % ', '.join(files))
+
+        return files
+
+    def parse_config_files(self, filenames=None):
+        from configparser import ConfigParser
+
+        # Ignore install directory options if we have a venv
+        if sys.prefix != sys.base_prefix:
+            ignore_options = [
+                'install-base', 'install-platbase', 'install-lib',
+                'install-platlib', 'install-purelib', 'install-headers',
+                'install-scripts', 'install-data', 'prefix', 'exec-prefix',
+                'home', 'user', 'root']
+        else:
+            ignore_options = []
+
+        ignore_options = frozenset(ignore_options)
+
+        if filenames is None:
+            filenames = self.find_config_files()
+
+        if DEBUG:
+            self.announce("Distribution.parse_config_files():")
+
+        parser = ConfigParser()
+        for filename in filenames:
+            if DEBUG:
+                self.announce("  reading %s" % filename)
+            parser.read(filename)
+            for section in parser.sections():
+                options = parser.options(section)
+                opt_dict = self.get_option_dict(section)
+
+                for opt in options:
+                    if opt != '__name__' and opt not in ignore_options:
+                        val = parser.get(section,opt)
+                        opt = opt.replace('-', '_')
+                        opt_dict[opt] = (filename, val)
+
+            # Make the ConfigParser forget everything (so we retain
+            # the original filenames that options come from)
+            parser.__init__()
+
+        # If there was a "global" section in the config file, use it
+        # to set Distribution options.
+
+        if 'global' in self.command_options:
+            for (opt, (src, val)) in self.command_options['global'].items():
+                alias = self.negative_opt.get(opt)
+                try:
+                    if alias:
+                        setattr(self, alias, not strtobool(val))
+                    elif opt in ('verbose', 'dry_run'): # ugh!
+                        setattr(self, opt, strtobool(val))
+                    else:
+                        setattr(self, opt, val)
+                except ValueError as msg:
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(msg)
+
+    # -- Command-line parsing methods ----------------------------------
+
+    def parse_command_line(self):
+        """Parse the setup script's command line, taken from the
+        'script_args' instance attribute (which defaults to 'sys.argv[1:]'
+        -- see 'setup()' in core.py).  This list is first processed for
+        "global options" -- options that set attributes of the Distribution
+        instance.  Then, it is alternately scanned for Distutils commands
+        and options for that command.  Each new command terminates the
+        options for the previous command.  The allowed options for a
+        command are determined by the 'user_options' attribute of the
+        command class -- thus, we have to be able to load command classes
+        in order to parse the command line.  Any error in that 'options'
+        attribute raises DistutilsGetoptError; any error on the
+        command-line raises DistutilsArgError.  If no Distutils commands
+        were found on the command line, raises DistutilsArgError.  Return
+        true if command-line was successfully parsed and we should carry
+        on with executing commands; false if no errors but we shouldn't
+        execute commands (currently, this only happens if user asks for
+        help).
+        """
+        #
+        # We now have enough information to show the Macintosh dialog
+        # that allows the user to interactively specify the "command line".
+        #
+        toplevel_options = self._get_toplevel_options()
+
+        # We have to parse the command line a bit at a time -- global
+        # options, then the first command, then its options, and so on --
+        # because each command will be handled by a different class, and
+        # the options that are valid for a particular class aren't known
+        # until we have loaded the command class, which doesn't happen
+        # until we know what the command is.
+
+        self.commands = []
+        parser = FancyGetopt(toplevel_options + self.display_options)
+        parser.set_negative_aliases(self.negative_opt)
+        parser.set_aliases({'licence': 'license'})
+        args = parser.getopt(args=self.script_args, object=self)
+        option_order = parser.get_option_order()
+        log.set_verbosity(self.verbose)
+
+        # for display options we return immediately
+        if self.handle_display_options(option_order):
+            return
+        while args:
+            args = self._parse_command_opts(parser, args)
+            if args is None:            # user asked for help (and got it)
+                return
+
+        # Handle the cases of --help as a "global" option, ie.
+        # "setup.py --help" and "setup.py --help command ...".  For the
+        # former, we show global options (--verbose, --dry-run, etc.)
+        # and display-only options (--name, --version, etc.); for the
+        # latter, we omit the display-only options and show help for
+        # each command listed on the command line.
+        if self.help:
+            self._show_help(parser,
+                            display_options=len(self.commands) == 0,
+                            commands=self.commands)
+            return
+
+        # Oops, no commands found -- an end-user error
+        if not self.commands:
+            raise DistutilsArgError("no commands supplied")
+
+        # All is well: return true
+        return True
+
+    def _get_toplevel_options(self):
+        """Return the non-display options recognized at the top level.
+
+        This includes options that are recognized *only* at the top
+        level as well as options recognized for commands.
+        """
+        return self.global_options + [
+            ("command-packages=", None,
+             "list of packages that provide distutils commands"),
+            ]
+
+    def _parse_command_opts(self, parser, args):
+        """Parse the command-line options for a single command.
+        'parser' must be a FancyGetopt instance; 'args' must be the list
+        of arguments, starting with the current command (whose options
+        we are about to parse).  Returns a new version of 'args' with
+        the next command at the front of the list; will be the empty
+        list if there are no more commands on the command line.  Returns
+        None if the user asked for help on this command.
+        """
+        # late import because of mutual dependence between these modules
+        from distutils.cmd import Command
+
+        # Pull the current command from the head of the command line
+        command = args[0]
+        if not command_re.match(command):
+            raise SystemExit("invalid command name '%s'" % command)
+        self.commands.append(command)
+
+        # Dig up the command class that implements this command, so we
+        # 1) know that it's a valid command, and 2) know which options
+        # it takes.
+        try:
+            cmd_class = self.get_command_class(command)
+        except DistutilsModuleError as msg:
+            raise DistutilsArgError(msg)
+
+        # Require that the command class be derived from Command -- want
+        # to be sure that the basic "command" interface is implemented.
+        if not issubclass(cmd_class, Command):
+            raise DistutilsClassError(
+                "command class %s must subclass Command" % cmd_class)
+
+        # Also make sure that the command object provides a list of its
+        # known options.
+        if not (hasattr(cmd_class, 'user_options') and
+                isinstance(cmd_class.user_options, list)):
+            msg = ("command class %s must provide "
+                "'user_options' attribute (a list of tuples)")
+            raise DistutilsClassError(msg % cmd_class)
+
+        # If the command class has a list of negative alias options,
+        # merge it in with the global negative aliases.
+        negative_opt = self.negative_opt
+        if hasattr(cmd_class, 'negative_opt'):
+            negative_opt = negative_opt.copy()
+            negative_opt.update(cmd_class.negative_opt)
+
+        # Check for help_options in command class.  They have a different
+        # format (tuple of four) so we need to preprocess them here.
+        if (hasattr(cmd_class, 'help_options') and
+                isinstance(cmd_class.help_options, list)):
+            help_options = fix_help_options(cmd_class.help_options)
+        else:
+            help_options = []
+
+        # All commands support the global options too, just by adding
+        # in 'global_options'.
+        parser.set_option_table(self.global_options +
+                                cmd_class.user_options +
+                                help_options)
+        parser.set_negative_aliases(negative_opt)
+        (args, opts) = parser.getopt(args[1:])
+        if hasattr(opts, 'help') and opts.help:
+            self._show_help(parser, display_options=0, commands=[cmd_class])
+            return
+
+        if (hasattr(cmd_class, 'help_options') and
+                isinstance(cmd_class.help_options, list)):
+            help_option_found=0
+            for (help_option, short, desc, func) in cmd_class.help_options:
+                if hasattr(opts, parser.get_attr_name(help_option)):
+                    help_option_found=1
+                    if callable(func):
+                        func()
+                    else:
+                        raise DistutilsClassError(
+                            "invalid help function %r for help option '%s': "
+                            "must be a callable object (function, etc.)"
+                            % (func, help_option))
+
+            if help_option_found:
+                return
+
+        # Put the options from the command-line into their official
+        # holding pen, the 'command_options' dictionary.
+        opt_dict = self.get_option_dict(command)
+        for (name, value) in vars(opts).items():
+            opt_dict[name] = ("command line", value)
+
+        return args
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        """Set final values for all the options on the Distribution
+        instance, analogous to the .finalize_options() method of Command
+        objects.
+        """
+        for attr in ('keywords', 'platforms'):
+            value = getattr(self.metadata, attr)
+            if value is None:
+                continue
+            if isinstance(value, str):
+                value = [elm.strip() for elm in value.split(',')]
+                setattr(self.metadata, attr, value)
+
+    def _show_help(self, parser, global_options=1, display_options=1,
+                   commands=[]):
+        """Show help for the setup script command-line in the form of
+        several lists of command-line options.  'parser' should be a
+        FancyGetopt instance; do not expect it to be returned in the
+        same state, as its option table will be reset to make it
+        generate the correct help text.
+
+        If 'global_options' is true, lists the global options:
+        --verbose, --dry-run, etc.  If 'display_options' is true, lists
+        the "display-only" options: --name, --version, etc.  Finally,
+        lists per-command help for every command name or command class
+        in 'commands'.
+        """
+        # late import because of mutual dependence between these modules
+        from distutils.core import gen_usage
+        from distutils.cmd import Command
+
+        if global_options:
+            if display_options:
+                options = self._get_toplevel_options()
+            else:
+                options = self.global_options
+            parser.set_option_table(options)
+            parser.print_help(self.common_usage + "\nGlobal options:")
+            print('')
+
+        if display_options:
+            parser.set_option_table(self.display_options)
+            parser.print_help(
+                "Information display options (just display " +
+                "information, ignore any commands)")
+            print('')
+
+        for command in self.commands:
+            if isinstance(command, type) and issubclass(command, Command):
+                klass = command
+            else:
+                klass = self.get_command_class(command)
+            if (hasattr(klass, 'help_options') and
+                    isinstance(klass.help_options, list)):
+                parser.set_option_table(klass.user_options +
+                                        fix_help_options(klass.help_options))
+            else:
+                parser.set_option_table(klass.user_options)
+            parser.print_help("Options for '%s' command:" % klass.__name__)
+            print('')
+
+        print(gen_usage(self.script_name))
+
+    def handle_display_options(self, option_order):
+        """If there were any non-global "display-only" options
+        (--help-commands or the metadata display options) on the command
+        line, display the requested info and return true; else return
+        false.
+        """
+        from distutils.core import gen_usage
+
+        # User just wants a list of commands -- we'll print it out and stop
+        # processing now (ie. if they ran "setup --help-commands foo bar",
+        # we ignore "foo bar").
+        if self.help_commands:
+            self.print_commands()
+            print('')
+            print(gen_usage(self.script_name))
+            return 1
+
+        # If user supplied any of the "display metadata" options, then
+        # display that metadata in the order in which the user supplied the
+        # metadata options.
+        any_display_options = 0
+        is_display_option = {}
+        for option in self.display_options:
+            is_display_option[option[0]] = 1
+
+        for (opt, val) in option_order:
+            if val and is_display_option.get(opt):
+                opt = translate_longopt(opt)
+                value = getattr(self.metadata, "get_"+opt)()
+                if opt in ['keywords', 'platforms']:
+                    print(','.join(value))
+                elif opt in ('classifiers', 'provides', 'requires',
+                             'obsoletes'):
+                    print('\n'.join(value))
+                else:
+                    print(value)
+                any_display_options = 1
+
+        return any_display_options
+
+    def print_command_list(self, commands, header, max_length):
+        """Print a subset of the list of all commands -- used by
+        'print_commands()'.
+        """
+        print(header + ":")
+
+        for cmd in commands:
+            klass = self.cmdclass.get(cmd)
+            if not klass:
+                klass = self.get_command_class(cmd)
+            try:
+                description = klass.description
+            except AttributeError:
+                description = "(no description available)"
+
+            print("  %-*s  %s" % (max_length, cmd, description))
+
+    def print_commands(self):
+        """Print out a help message listing all available commands with a
+        description of each.  The list is divided into "standard commands"
+        (listed in distutils.command.__all__) and "extra commands"
+        (mentioned in self.cmdclass, but not a standard command).  The
+        descriptions come from the command class attribute
+        'description'.
+        """
+        import distutils.command
+        std_commands = distutils.command.__all__
+        is_std = {}
+        for cmd in std_commands:
+            is_std[cmd] = 1
+
+        extra_commands = []
+        for cmd in self.cmdclass.keys():
+            if not is_std.get(cmd):
+                extra_commands.append(cmd)
+
+        max_length = 0
+        for cmd in (std_commands + extra_commands):
+            if len(cmd) > max_length:
+                max_length = len(cmd)
+
+        self.print_command_list(std_commands,
+                                "Standard commands",
+                                max_length)
+        if extra_commands:
+            print()
+            self.print_command_list(extra_commands,
+                                    "Extra commands",
+                                    max_length)
+
+    def get_command_list(self):
+        """Get a list of (command, description) tuples.
+        The list is divided into "standard commands" (listed in
+        distutils.command.__all__) and "extra commands" (mentioned in
+        self.cmdclass, but not a standard command).  The descriptions come
+        from the command class attribute 'description'.
+        """
+        # Currently this is only used on Mac OS, for the Mac-only GUI
+        # Distutils interface (by Jack Jansen)
+        import distutils.command
+        std_commands = distutils.command.__all__
+        is_std = {}
+        for cmd in std_commands:
+            is_std[cmd] = 1
+
+        extra_commands = []
+        for cmd in self.cmdclass.keys():
+            if not is_std.get(cmd):
+                extra_commands.append(cmd)
+
+        rv = []
+        for cmd in (std_commands + extra_commands):
+            klass = self.cmdclass.get(cmd)
+            if not klass:
+                klass = self.get_command_class(cmd)
+            try:
+                description = klass.description
+            except AttributeError:
+                description = "(no description available)"
+            rv.append((cmd, description))
+        return rv
+
+    # -- Command class/object methods ----------------------------------
+
+    def get_command_packages(self):
+        """Return a list of packages from which commands are loaded."""
+        pkgs = self.command_packages
+        if not isinstance(pkgs, list):
+            if pkgs is None:
+                pkgs = ''
+            pkgs = [pkg.strip() for pkg in pkgs.split(',') if pkg != '']
+            if "distutils.command" not in pkgs:
+                pkgs.insert(0, "distutils.command")
+            self.command_packages = pkgs
+        return pkgs
+
+    def get_command_class(self, command):
+        """Return the class that implements the Distutils command named by
+        'command'.  First we check the 'cmdclass' dictionary; if the
+        command is mentioned there, we fetch the class object from the
+        dictionary and return it.  Otherwise we load the command module
+        ("distutils.command." + command) and fetch the command class from
+        the module.  The loaded class is also stored in 'cmdclass'
+        to speed future calls to 'get_command_class()'.
+
+        Raises DistutilsModuleError if the expected module could not be
+        found, or if that module does not define the expected class.
+        """
+        klass = self.cmdclass.get(command)
+        if klass:
+            return klass
+
+        for pkgname in self.get_command_packages():
+            module_name = "%s.%s" % (pkgname, command)
+            klass_name = command
+
+            try:
+                __import__(module_name)
+                module = sys.modules[module_name]
+            except ImportError:
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                klass = getattr(module, klass_name)
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise DistutilsModuleError(
+                    "invalid command '%s' (no class '%s' in module '%s')"
+                    % (command, klass_name, module_name))
+
+            self.cmdclass[command] = klass
+            return klass
+
+        raise DistutilsModuleError("invalid command '%s'" % command)
+
+    def get_command_obj(self, command, create=1):
+        """Return the command object for 'command'.  Normally this object
+        is cached on a previous call to 'get_command_obj()'; if no command
+        object for 'command' is in the cache, then we either create and
+        return it (if 'create' is true) or return None.
+        """
+        cmd_obj = self.command_obj.get(command)
+        if not cmd_obj and create:
+            if DEBUG:
+                self.announce("Distribution.get_command_obj(): "
+                              "creating '%s' command object" % command)
+
+            klass = self.get_command_class(command)
+            cmd_obj = self.command_obj[command] = klass(self)
+            self.have_run[command] = 0
+
+            # Set any options that were supplied in config files
+            # or on the command line.  (NB. support for error
+            # reporting is lame here: any errors aren't reported
+            # until 'finalize_options()' is called, which means
+            # we won't report the source of the error.)
+            options = self.command_options.get(command)
+            if options:
+                self._set_command_options(cmd_obj, options)
+
+        return cmd_obj
+
+    def _set_command_options(self, command_obj, option_dict=None):
+        """Set the options for 'command_obj' from 'option_dict'.  Basically
+        this means copying elements of a dictionary ('option_dict') to
+        attributes of an instance ('command').
+
+        'command_obj' must be a Command instance.  If 'option_dict' is not
+        supplied, uses the standard option dictionary for this command
+        (from 'self.command_options').
+        """
+        command_name = command_obj.get_command_name()
+        if option_dict is None:
+            option_dict = self.get_option_dict(command_name)
+
+        if DEBUG:
+            self.announce("  setting options for '%s' command:" % command_name)
+        for (option, (source, value)) in option_dict.items():
+            if DEBUG:
+                self.announce("    %s = %s (from %s)" % (option, value,
+                                                         source))
+            try:
+                bool_opts = [translate_longopt(o)
+                             for o in command_obj.boolean_options]
+            except AttributeError:
+                bool_opts = []
+            try:
+                neg_opt = command_obj.negative_opt
+            except AttributeError:
+                neg_opt = {}
+
+            try:
+                is_string = isinstance(value, str)
+                if option in neg_opt and is_string:
+                    setattr(command_obj, neg_opt[option], not strtobool(value))
+                elif option in bool_opts and is_string:
+                    setattr(command_obj, option, strtobool(value))
+                elif hasattr(command_obj, option):
+                    setattr(command_obj, option, value)
+                else:
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                        "error in %s: command '%s' has no such option '%s'"
+                        % (source, command_name, option))
+            except ValueError as msg:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(msg)
+
+    def reinitialize_command(self, command, reinit_subcommands=0):
+        """Reinitializes a command to the state it was in when first
+        returned by 'get_command_obj()': ie., initialized but not yet
+        finalized.  This provides the opportunity to sneak option
+        values in programmatically, overriding or supplementing
+        user-supplied values from the config files and command line.
+        You'll have to re-finalize the command object (by calling
+        'finalize_options()' or 'ensure_finalized()') before using it for
+        real.
+
+        'command' should be a command name (string) or command object.  If
+        'reinit_subcommands' is true, also reinitializes the command's
+        sub-commands, as declared by the 'sub_commands' class attribute (if
+        it has one).  See the "install" command for an example.  Only
+        reinitializes the sub-commands that actually matter, ie. those
+        whose test predicates return true.
+
+        Returns the reinitialized command object.
+        """
+        from distutils.cmd import Command
+        if not isinstance(command, Command):
+            command_name = command
+            command = self.get_command_obj(command_name)
+        else:
+            command_name = command.get_command_name()
+
+        if not command.finalized:
+            return command
+        command.initialize_options()
+        command.finalized = 0
+        self.have_run[command_name] = 0
+        self._set_command_options(command)
+
+        if reinit_subcommands:
+            for sub in command.get_sub_commands():
+                self.reinitialize_command(sub, reinit_subcommands)
+
+        return command
+
+    # -- Methods that operate on the Distribution ----------------------
+
+    def announce(self, msg, level=log.INFO):
+        log.log(level, msg)
+
+    def run_commands(self):
+        """Run each command that was seen on the setup script command line.
+        Uses the list of commands found and cache of command objects
+        created by 'get_command_obj()'.
+        """
+        for cmd in self.commands:
+            self.run_command(cmd)
+
+    # -- Methods that operate on its Commands --------------------------
+
+    def run_command(self, command):
+        """Do whatever it takes to run a command (including nothing at all,
+        if the command has already been run).  Specifically: if we have
+        already created and run the command named by 'command', return
+        silently without doing anything.  If the command named by 'command'
+        doesn't even have a command object yet, create one.  Then invoke
+        'run()' on that command object (or an existing one).
+        """
+        # Already been here, done that? then return silently.
+        if self.have_run.get(command):
+            return
+
+        log.info("running %s", command)
+        cmd_obj = self.get_command_obj(command)
+        cmd_obj.ensure_finalized()
+        cmd_obj.run()
+        self.have_run[command] = 1
+
+    # -- Distribution query methods ------------------------------------
+
+    def has_pure_modules(self):
+        return len(self.packages or self.py_modules or []) > 0
+
+    def has_ext_modules(self):
+        return self.ext_modules and len(self.ext_modules) > 0
+
+    def has_c_libraries(self):
+        return self.libraries and len(self.libraries) > 0
+
+    def has_modules(self):
+        return self.has_pure_modules() or self.has_ext_modules()
+
+    def has_headers(self):
+        return self.headers and len(self.headers) > 0
+
+    def has_scripts(self):
+        return self.scripts and len(self.scripts) > 0
+
+    def has_data_files(self):
+        return self.data_files and len(self.data_files) > 0
+
+    def is_pure(self):
+        return (self.has_pure_modules() and
+                not self.has_ext_modules() and
+                not self.has_c_libraries())
+
+    # -- Metadata query methods ----------------------------------------
+
+    # If you're looking for 'get_name()', 'get_version()', and so forth,
+    # they are defined in a sneaky way: the constructor binds self.get_XXX
+    # to self.metadata.get_XXX.  The actual code is in the
+    # DistributionMetadata class, below.
+
+class DistributionMetadata:
+    """Dummy class to hold the distribution meta-data: name, version,
+    author, and so forth.
+    """
+
+    _METHOD_BASENAMES = ("name", "version", "author", "author_email",
+                         "maintainer", "maintainer_email", "url",
+                         "license", "description", "long_description",
+                         "keywords", "platforms", "fullname", "contact",
+                         "contact_email", "classifiers", "download_url",
+                         # PEP 314
+                         "provides", "requires", "obsoletes",
+                         )
+
+    def __init__(self, path=None):
+        if path is not None:
+            self.read_pkg_file(open(path))
+        else:
+            self.name = None
+            self.version = None
+            self.author = None
+            self.author_email = None
+            self.maintainer = None
+            self.maintainer_email = None
+            self.url = None
+            self.license = None
+            self.description = None
+            self.long_description = None
+            self.keywords = None
+            self.platforms = None
+            self.classifiers = None
+            self.download_url = None
+            # PEP 314
+            self.provides = None
+            self.requires = None
+            self.obsoletes = None
+
+    def read_pkg_file(self, file):
+        """Reads the metadata values from a file object."""
+        msg = message_from_file(file)
+
+        def _read_field(name):
+            value = msg[name]
+            if value == 'UNKNOWN':
+                return None
+            return value
+
+        def _read_list(name):
+            values = msg.get_all(name, None)
+            if values == []:
+                return None
+            return values
+
+        metadata_version = msg['metadata-version']
+        self.name = _read_field('name')
+        self.version = _read_field('version')
+        self.description = _read_field('summary')
+        # we are filling author only.
+        self.author = _read_field('author')
+        self.maintainer = None
+        self.author_email = _read_field('author-email')
+        self.maintainer_email = None
+        self.url = _read_field('home-page')
+        self.license = _read_field('license')
+
+        if 'download-url' in msg:
+            self.download_url = _read_field('download-url')
+        else:
+            self.download_url = None
+
+        self.long_description = _read_field('description')
+        self.description = _read_field('summary')
+
+        if 'keywords' in msg:
+            self.keywords = _read_field('keywords').split(',')
+
+        self.platforms = _read_list('platform')
+        self.classifiers = _read_list('classifier')
+
+        # PEP 314 - these fields only exist in 1.1
+        if metadata_version == '1.1':
+            self.requires = _read_list('requires')
+            self.provides = _read_list('provides')
+            self.obsoletes = _read_list('obsoletes')
+        else:
+            self.requires = None
+            self.provides = None
+            self.obsoletes = None
+
+    def write_pkg_info(self, base_dir):
+        """Write the PKG-INFO file into the release tree.
+        """
+        with open(os.path.join(base_dir, 'PKG-INFO'), 'w',
+                  encoding='UTF-8') as pkg_info:
+            self.write_pkg_file(pkg_info)
+
+    def write_pkg_file(self, file):
+        """Write the PKG-INFO format data to a file object.
+        """
+        version = '1.0'
+        if (self.provides or self.requires or self.obsoletes or
+                self.classifiers or self.download_url):
+            version = '1.1'
+
+        file.write('Metadata-Version: %s\n' % version)
+        file.write('Name: %s\n' % self.get_name())
+        file.write('Version: %s\n' % self.get_version())
+        file.write('Summary: %s\n' % self.get_description())
+        file.write('Home-page: %s\n' % self.get_url())
+        file.write('Author: %s\n' % self.get_contact())
+        file.write('Author-email: %s\n' % self.get_contact_email())
+        file.write('License: %s\n' % self.get_license())
+        if self.download_url:
+            file.write('Download-URL: %s\n' % self.download_url)
+
+        long_desc = rfc822_escape(self.get_long_description())
+        file.write('Description: %s\n' % long_desc)
+
+        keywords = ','.join(self.get_keywords())
+        if keywords:
+            file.write('Keywords: %s\n' % keywords)
+
+        self._write_list(file, 'Platform', self.get_platforms())
+        self._write_list(file, 'Classifier', self.get_classifiers())
+
+        # PEP 314
+        self._write_list(file, 'Requires', self.get_requires())
+        self._write_list(file, 'Provides', self.get_provides())
+        self._write_list(file, 'Obsoletes', self.get_obsoletes())
+
+    def _write_list(self, file, name, values):
+        for value in values:
+            file.write('%s: %s\n' % (name, value))
+
+    # -- Metadata query methods ----------------------------------------
+
+    def get_name(self):
+        return self.name or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_version(self):
+        return self.version or "0.0.0"
+
+    def get_fullname(self):
+        return "%s-%s" % (self.get_name(), self.get_version())
+
+    def get_author(self):
+        return self.author or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_author_email(self):
+        return self.author_email or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_maintainer(self):
+        return self.maintainer or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_maintainer_email(self):
+        return self.maintainer_email or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_contact(self):
+        return self.maintainer or self.author or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_contact_email(self):
+        return self.maintainer_email or self.author_email or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_url(self):
+        return self.url or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_license(self):
+        return self.license or "UNKNOWN"
+    get_licence = get_license
+
+    def get_description(self):
+        return self.description or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_long_description(self):
+        return self.long_description or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    def get_keywords(self):
+        return self.keywords or []
+
+    def set_keywords(self, value):
+        self.keywords = _ensure_list(value, 'keywords')
+
+    def get_platforms(self):
+        return self.platforms or ["UNKNOWN"]
+
+    def set_platforms(self, value):
+        self.platforms = _ensure_list(value, 'platforms')
+
+    def get_classifiers(self):
+        return self.classifiers or []
+
+    def set_classifiers(self, value):
+        self.classifiers = _ensure_list(value, 'classifiers')
+
+    def get_download_url(self):
+        return self.download_url or "UNKNOWN"
+
+    # PEP 314
+    def get_requires(self):
+        return self.requires or []
+
+    def set_requires(self, value):
+        import distutils.versionpredicate
+        for v in value:
+            distutils.versionpredicate.VersionPredicate(v)
+        self.requires = list(value)
+
+    def get_provides(self):
+        return self.provides or []
+
+    def set_provides(self, value):
+        value = [v.strip() for v in value]
+        for v in value:
+            import distutils.versionpredicate
+            distutils.versionpredicate.split_provision(v)
+        self.provides = value
+
+    def get_obsoletes(self):
+        return self.obsoletes or []
+
+    def set_obsoletes(self, value):
+        import distutils.versionpredicate
+        for v in value:
+            distutils.versionpredicate.VersionPredicate(v)
+        self.obsoletes = list(value)
+
+def fix_help_options(options):
+    """Convert a 4-tuple 'help_options' list as found in various command
+    classes to the 3-tuple form required by FancyGetopt.
+    """
+    new_options = []
+    for help_tuple in options:
+        new_options.append(help_tuple[0:3])
+    return new_options
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/errors.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/errors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b93059
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/errors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+"""distutils.errors
+
+Provides exceptions used by the Distutils modules.  Note that Distutils
+modules may raise standard exceptions; in particular, SystemExit is
+usually raised for errors that are obviously the end-user's fault
+(eg. bad command-line arguments).
+
+This module is safe to use in "from ... import *" mode; it only exports
+symbols whose names start with "Distutils" and end with "Error"."""
+
+class DistutilsError (Exception):
+    """The root of all Distutils evil."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsModuleError (DistutilsError):
+    """Unable to load an expected module, or to find an expected class
+    within some module (in particular, command modules and classes)."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsClassError (DistutilsError):
+    """Some command class (or possibly distribution class, if anyone
+    feels a need to subclass Distribution) is found not to be holding
+    up its end of the bargain, ie. implementing some part of the
+    "command "interface."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsGetoptError (DistutilsError):
+    """The option table provided to 'fancy_getopt()' is bogus."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsArgError (DistutilsError):
+    """Raised by fancy_getopt in response to getopt.error -- ie. an
+    error in the command line usage."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsFileError (DistutilsError):
+    """Any problems in the filesystem: expected file not found, etc.
+    Typically this is for problems that we detect before OSError
+    could be raised."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsOptionError (DistutilsError):
+    """Syntactic/semantic errors in command options, such as use of
+    mutually conflicting options, or inconsistent options,
+    badly-spelled values, etc.  No distinction is made between option
+    values originating in the setup script, the command line, config
+    files, or what-have-you -- but if we *know* something originated in
+    the setup script, we'll raise DistutilsSetupError instead."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsSetupError (DistutilsError):
+    """For errors that can be definitely blamed on the setup script,
+    such as invalid keyword arguments to 'setup()'."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsPlatformError (DistutilsError):
+    """We don't know how to do something on the current platform (but
+    we do know how to do it on some platform) -- eg. trying to compile
+    C files on a platform not supported by a CCompiler subclass."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsExecError (DistutilsError):
+    """Any problems executing an external program (such as the C
+    compiler, when compiling C files)."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsInternalError (DistutilsError):
+    """Internal inconsistencies or impossibilities (obviously, this
+    should never be seen if the code is working!)."""
+    pass
+
+class DistutilsTemplateError (DistutilsError):
+    """Syntax error in a file list template."""
+
+class DistutilsByteCompileError(DistutilsError):
+    """Byte compile error."""
+
+# Exception classes used by the CCompiler implementation classes
+class CCompilerError (Exception):
+    """Some compile/link operation failed."""
+
+class PreprocessError (CCompilerError):
+    """Failure to preprocess one or more C/C++ files."""
+
+class CompileError (CCompilerError):
+    """Failure to compile one or more C/C++ source files."""
+
+class LibError (CCompilerError):
+    """Failure to create a static library from one or more C/C++ object
+    files."""
+
+class LinkError (CCompilerError):
+    """Failure to link one or more C/C++ object files into an executable
+    or shared library file."""
+
+class UnknownFileError (CCompilerError):
+    """Attempt to process an unknown file type."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/extension.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/extension.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c507da3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/extension.py
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+"""distutils.extension
+
+Provides the Extension class, used to describe C/C++ extension
+modules in setup scripts."""
+
+import os
+import warnings
+
+# This class is really only used by the "build_ext" command, so it might
+# make sense to put it in distutils.command.build_ext.  However, that
+# module is already big enough, and I want to make this class a bit more
+# complex to simplify some common cases ("foo" module in "foo.c") and do
+# better error-checking ("foo.c" actually exists).
+#
+# Also, putting this in build_ext.py means every setup script would have to
+# import that large-ish module (indirectly, through distutils.core) in
+# order to do anything.
+
+class Extension:
+    """Just a collection of attributes that describes an extension
+    module and everything needed to build it (hopefully in a portable
+    way, but there are hooks that let you be as unportable as you need).
+
+    Instance attributes:
+      name : string
+        the full name of the extension, including any packages -- ie.
+        *not* a filename or pathname, but Python dotted name
+      sources : [string]
+        list of source filenames, relative to the distribution root
+        (where the setup script lives), in Unix form (slash-separated)
+        for portability.  Source files may be C, C++, SWIG (.i),
+        platform-specific resource files, or whatever else is recognized
+        by the "build_ext" command as source for a Python extension.
+      include_dirs : [string]
+        list of directories to search for C/C++ header files (in Unix
+        form for portability)
+      define_macros : [(name : string, value : string|None)]
+        list of macros to define; each macro is defined using a 2-tuple,
+        where 'value' is either the string to define it to or None to
+        define it without a particular value (equivalent of "#define
+        FOO" in source or -DFOO on Unix C compiler command line)
+      undef_macros : [string]
+        list of macros to undefine explicitly
+      library_dirs : [string]
+        list of directories to search for C/C++ libraries at link time
+      libraries : [string]
+        list of library names (not filenames or paths) to link against
+      runtime_library_dirs : [string]
+        list of directories to search for C/C++ libraries at run time
+        (for shared extensions, this is when the extension is loaded)
+      extra_objects : [string]
+        list of extra files to link with (eg. object files not implied
+        by 'sources', static library that must be explicitly specified,
+        binary resource files, etc.)
+      extra_compile_args : [string]
+        any extra platform- and compiler-specific information to use
+        when compiling the source files in 'sources'.  For platforms and
+        compilers where "command line" makes sense, this is typically a
+        list of command-line arguments, but for other platforms it could
+        be anything.
+      extra_link_args : [string]
+        any extra platform- and compiler-specific information to use
+        when linking object files together to create the extension (or
+        to create a new static Python interpreter).  Similar
+        interpretation as for 'extra_compile_args'.
+      export_symbols : [string]
+        list of symbols to be exported from a shared extension.  Not
+        used on all platforms, and not generally necessary for Python
+        extensions, which typically export exactly one symbol: "init" +
+        extension_name.
+      swig_opts : [string]
+        any extra options to pass to SWIG if a source file has the .i
+        extension.
+      depends : [string]
+        list of files that the extension depends on
+      language : string
+        extension language (i.e. "c", "c++", "objc"). Will be detected
+        from the source extensions if not provided.
+      optional : boolean
+        specifies that a build failure in the extension should not abort the
+        build process, but simply not install the failing extension.
+    """
+
+    # When adding arguments to this constructor, be sure to update
+    # setup_keywords in core.py.
+    def __init__(self, name, sources,
+                  include_dirs=None,
+                  define_macros=None,
+                  undef_macros=None,
+                  library_dirs=None,
+                  libraries=None,
+                  runtime_library_dirs=None,
+                  extra_objects=None,
+                  extra_compile_args=None,
+                  extra_link_args=None,
+                  export_symbols=None,
+                  swig_opts = None,
+                  depends=None,
+                  language=None,
+                  optional=None,
+                  **kw                      # To catch unknown keywords
+                 ):
+        if not isinstance(name, str):
+            raise AssertionError("'name' must be a string")
+        if not (isinstance(sources, list) and
+                all(isinstance(v, str) for v in sources)):
+            raise AssertionError("'sources' must be a list of strings")
+
+        self.name = name
+        self.sources = sources
+        self.include_dirs = include_dirs or []
+        self.define_macros = define_macros or []
+        self.undef_macros = undef_macros or []
+        self.library_dirs = library_dirs or []
+        self.libraries = libraries or []
+        self.runtime_library_dirs = runtime_library_dirs or []
+        self.extra_objects = extra_objects or []
+        self.extra_compile_args = extra_compile_args or []
+        self.extra_link_args = extra_link_args or []
+        self.export_symbols = export_symbols or []
+        self.swig_opts = swig_opts or []
+        self.depends = depends or []
+        self.language = language
+        self.optional = optional
+
+        # If there are unknown keyword options, warn about them
+        if len(kw) > 0:
+            options = [repr(option) for option in kw]
+            options = ', '.join(sorted(options))
+            msg = "Unknown Extension options: %s" % options
+            warnings.warn(msg)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<%s.%s(%r) at %#x>' % (
+            self.__class__.__module__,
+            self.__class__.__qualname__,
+            self.name,
+            id(self))
+
+
+def read_setup_file(filename):
+    """Reads a Setup file and returns Extension instances."""
+    from distutils.sysconfig import (parse_makefile, expand_makefile_vars,
+                                     _variable_rx)
+
+    from distutils.text_file import TextFile
+    from distutils.util import split_quoted
+
+    # First pass over the file to gather "VAR = VALUE" assignments.
+    vars = parse_makefile(filename)
+
+    # Second pass to gobble up the real content: lines of the form
+    #   <module> ... [<sourcefile> ...] [<cpparg> ...] [<library> ...]
+    file = TextFile(filename,
+                    strip_comments=1, skip_blanks=1, join_lines=1,
+                    lstrip_ws=1, rstrip_ws=1)
+    try:
+        extensions = []
+
+        while True:
+            line = file.readline()
+            if line is None:                # eof
+                break
+            if _variable_rx.match(line):    # VAR=VALUE, handled in first pass
+                continue
+
+            if line[0] == line[-1] == "*":
+                file.warn("'%s' lines not handled yet" % line)
+                continue
+
+            line = expand_makefile_vars(line, vars)
+            words = split_quoted(line)
+
+            # NB. this parses a slightly different syntax than the old
+            # makesetup script: here, there must be exactly one extension per
+            # line, and it must be the first word of the line.  I have no idea
+            # why the old syntax supported multiple extensions per line, as
+            # they all wind up being the same.
+
+            module = words[0]
+            ext = Extension(module, [])
+            append_next_word = None
+
+            for word in words[1:]:
+                if append_next_word is not None:
+                    append_next_word.append(word)
+                    append_next_word = None
+                    continue
+
+                suffix = os.path.splitext(word)[1]
+                switch = word[0:2] ; value = word[2:]
+
+                if suffix in (".c", ".cc", ".cpp", ".cxx", ".c++", ".m", ".mm"):
+                    # hmm, should we do something about C vs. C++ sources?
+                    # or leave it up to the CCompiler implementation to
+                    # worry about?
+                    ext.sources.append(word)
+                elif switch == "-I":
+                    ext.include_dirs.append(value)
+                elif switch == "-D":
+                    equals = value.find("=")
+                    if equals == -1:        # bare "-DFOO" -- no value
+                        ext.define_macros.append((value, None))
+                    else:                   # "-DFOO=blah"
+                        ext.define_macros.append((value[0:equals],
+                                                  value[equals+2:]))
+                elif switch == "-U":
+                    ext.undef_macros.append(value)
+                elif switch == "-C":        # only here 'cause makesetup has it!
+                    ext.extra_compile_args.append(word)
+                elif switch == "-l":
+                    ext.libraries.append(value)
+                elif switch == "-L":
+                    ext.library_dirs.append(value)
+                elif switch == "-R":
+                    ext.runtime_library_dirs.append(value)
+                elif word == "-rpath":
+                    append_next_word = ext.runtime_library_dirs
+                elif word == "-Xlinker":
+                    append_next_word = ext.extra_link_args
+                elif word == "-Xcompiler":
+                    append_next_word = ext.extra_compile_args
+                elif switch == "-u":
+                    ext.extra_link_args.append(word)
+                    if not value:
+                        append_next_word = ext.extra_link_args
+                elif suffix in (".a", ".so", ".sl", ".o", ".dylib"):
+                    # NB. a really faithful emulation of makesetup would
+                    # append a .o file to extra_objects only if it
+                    # had a slash in it; otherwise, it would s/.o/.c/
+                    # and append it to sources.  Hmmmm.
+                    ext.extra_objects.append(word)
+                else:
+                    file.warn("unrecognized argument '%s'" % word)
+
+            extensions.append(ext)
+    finally:
+        file.close()
+
+    return extensions
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/fancy_getopt.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/fancy_getopt.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d170dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/fancy_getopt.py
@@ -0,0 +1,457 @@
+"""distutils.fancy_getopt
+
+Wrapper around the standard getopt module that provides the following
+additional features:
+  * short and long options are tied together
+  * options have help strings, so fancy_getopt could potentially
+    create a complete usage summary
+  * options set attributes of a passed-in object
+"""
+
+import sys, string, re
+import getopt
+from distutils.errors import *
+
+# Much like command_re in distutils.core, this is close to but not quite
+# the same as a Python NAME -- except, in the spirit of most GNU
+# utilities, we use '-' in place of '_'.  (The spirit of LISP lives on!)
+# The similarities to NAME are again not a coincidence...
+longopt_pat = r'[a-zA-Z](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]*)'
+longopt_re = re.compile(r'^%s$' % longopt_pat)
+
+# For recognizing "negative alias" options, eg. "quiet=!verbose"
+neg_alias_re = re.compile("^(%s)=!(%s)$" % (longopt_pat, longopt_pat))
+
+# This is used to translate long options to legitimate Python identifiers
+# (for use as attributes of some object).
+longopt_xlate = str.maketrans('-', '_')
+
+class FancyGetopt:
+    """Wrapper around the standard 'getopt()' module that provides some
+    handy extra functionality:
+      * short and long options are tied together
+      * options have help strings, and help text can be assembled
+        from them
+      * options set attributes of a passed-in object
+      * boolean options can have "negative aliases" -- eg. if
+        --quiet is the "negative alias" of --verbose, then "--quiet"
+        on the command line sets 'verbose' to false
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, option_table=None):
+        # The option table is (currently) a list of tuples.  The
+        # tuples may have 3 or four values:
+        #   (long_option, short_option, help_string [, repeatable])
+        # if an option takes an argument, its long_option should have '='
+        # appended; short_option should just be a single character, no ':'
+        # in any case.  If a long_option doesn't have a corresponding
+        # short_option, short_option should be None.  All option tuples
+        # must have long options.
+        self.option_table = option_table
+
+        # 'option_index' maps long option names to entries in the option
+        # table (ie. those 3-tuples).
+        self.option_index = {}
+        if self.option_table:
+            self._build_index()
+
+        # 'alias' records (duh) alias options; {'foo': 'bar'} means
+        # --foo is an alias for --bar
+        self.alias = {}
+
+        # 'negative_alias' keeps track of options that are the boolean
+        # opposite of some other option
+        self.negative_alias = {}
+
+        # These keep track of the information in the option table.  We
+        # don't actually populate these structures until we're ready to
+        # parse the command-line, since the 'option_table' passed in here
+        # isn't necessarily the final word.
+        self.short_opts = []
+        self.long_opts = []
+        self.short2long = {}
+        self.attr_name = {}
+        self.takes_arg = {}
+
+        # And 'option_order' is filled up in 'getopt()'; it records the
+        # original order of options (and their values) on the command-line,
+        # but expands short options, converts aliases, etc.
+        self.option_order = []
+
+    def _build_index(self):
+        self.option_index.clear()
+        for option in self.option_table:
+            self.option_index[option[0]] = option
+
+    def set_option_table(self, option_table):
+        self.option_table = option_table
+        self._build_index()
+
+    def add_option(self, long_option, short_option=None, help_string=None):
+        if long_option in self.option_index:
+            raise DistutilsGetoptError(
+                  "option conflict: already an option '%s'" % long_option)
+        else:
+            option = (long_option, short_option, help_string)
+            self.option_table.append(option)
+            self.option_index[long_option] = option
+
+    def has_option(self, long_option):
+        """Return true if the option table for this parser has an
+        option with long name 'long_option'."""
+        return long_option in self.option_index
+
+    def get_attr_name(self, long_option):
+        """Translate long option name 'long_option' to the form it
+        has as an attribute of some object: ie., translate hyphens
+        to underscores."""
+        return long_option.translate(longopt_xlate)
+
+    def _check_alias_dict(self, aliases, what):
+        assert isinstance(aliases, dict)
+        for (alias, opt) in aliases.items():
+            if alias not in self.option_index:
+                raise DistutilsGetoptError(("invalid %s '%s': "
+                       "option '%s' not defined") % (what, alias, alias))
+            if opt not in self.option_index:
+                raise DistutilsGetoptError(("invalid %s '%s': "
+                       "aliased option '%s' not defined") % (what, alias, opt))
+
+    def set_aliases(self, alias):
+        """Set the aliases for this option parser."""
+        self._check_alias_dict(alias, "alias")
+        self.alias = alias
+
+    def set_negative_aliases(self, negative_alias):
+        """Set the negative aliases for this option parser.
+        'negative_alias' should be a dictionary mapping option names to
+        option names, both the key and value must already be defined
+        in the option table."""
+        self._check_alias_dict(negative_alias, "negative alias")
+        self.negative_alias = negative_alias
+
+    def _grok_option_table(self):
+        """Populate the various data structures that keep tabs on the
+        option table.  Called by 'getopt()' before it can do anything
+        worthwhile.
+        """
+        self.long_opts = []
+        self.short_opts = []
+        self.short2long.clear()
+        self.repeat = {}
+
+        for option in self.option_table:
+            if len(option) == 3:
+                long, short, help = option
+                repeat = 0
+            elif len(option) == 4:
+                long, short, help, repeat = option
+            else:
+                # the option table is part of the code, so simply
+                # assert that it is correct
+                raise ValueError("invalid option tuple: %r" % (option,))
+
+            # Type- and value-check the option names
+            if not isinstance(long, str) or len(long) < 2:
+                raise DistutilsGetoptError(("invalid long option '%s': "
+                       "must be a string of length >= 2") % long)
+
+            if (not ((short is None) or
+                     (isinstance(short, str) and len(short) == 1))):
+                raise DistutilsGetoptError("invalid short option '%s': "
+                       "must a single character or None" % short)
+
+            self.repeat[long] = repeat
+            self.long_opts.append(long)
+
+            if long[-1] == '=':             # option takes an argument?
+                if short: short = short + ':'
+                long = long[0:-1]
+                self.takes_arg[long] = 1
+            else:
+                # Is option is a "negative alias" for some other option (eg.
+                # "quiet" == "!verbose")?
+                alias_to = self.negative_alias.get(long)
+                if alias_to is not None:
+                    if self.takes_arg[alias_to]:
+                        raise DistutilsGetoptError(
+                              "invalid negative alias '%s': "
+                              "aliased option '%s' takes a value"
+                              % (long, alias_to))
+
+                    self.long_opts[-1] = long # XXX redundant?!
+                self.takes_arg[long] = 0
+
+            # If this is an alias option, make sure its "takes arg" flag is
+            # the same as the option it's aliased to.
+            alias_to = self.alias.get(long)
+            if alias_to is not None:
+                if self.takes_arg[long] != self.takes_arg[alias_to]:
+                    raise DistutilsGetoptError(
+                          "invalid alias '%s': inconsistent with "
+                          "aliased option '%s' (one of them takes a value, "
+                          "the other doesn't"
+                          % (long, alias_to))
+
+            # Now enforce some bondage on the long option name, so we can
+            # later translate it to an attribute name on some object.  Have
+            # to do this a bit late to make sure we've removed any trailing
+            # '='.
+            if not longopt_re.match(long):
+                raise DistutilsGetoptError(
+                       "invalid long option name '%s' "
+                       "(must be letters, numbers, hyphens only" % long)
+
+            self.attr_name[long] = self.get_attr_name(long)
+            if short:
+                self.short_opts.append(short)
+                self.short2long[short[0]] = long
+
+    def getopt(self, args=None, object=None):
+        """Parse command-line options in args. Store as attributes on object.
+
+        If 'args' is None or not supplied, uses 'sys.argv[1:]'.  If
+        'object' is None or not supplied, creates a new OptionDummy
+        object, stores option values there, and returns a tuple (args,
+        object).  If 'object' is supplied, it is modified in place and
+        'getopt()' just returns 'args'; in both cases, the returned
+        'args' is a modified copy of the passed-in 'args' list, which
+        is left untouched.
+        """
+        if args is None:
+            args = sys.argv[1:]
+        if object is None:
+            object = OptionDummy()
+            created_object = True
+        else:
+            created_object = False
+
+        self._grok_option_table()
+
+        short_opts = ' '.join(self.short_opts)
+        try:
+            opts, args = getopt.getopt(args, short_opts, self.long_opts)
+        except getopt.error as msg:
+            raise DistutilsArgError(msg)
+
+        for opt, val in opts:
+            if len(opt) == 2 and opt[0] == '-': # it's a short option
+                opt = self.short2long[opt[1]]
+            else:
+                assert len(opt) > 2 and opt[:2] == '--'
+                opt = opt[2:]
+
+            alias = self.alias.get(opt)
+            if alias:
+                opt = alias
+
+            if not self.takes_arg[opt]:     # boolean option?
+                assert val == '', "boolean option can't have value"
+                alias = self.negative_alias.get(opt)
+                if alias:
+                    opt = alias
+                    val = 0
+                else:
+                    val = 1
+
+            attr = self.attr_name[opt]
+            # The only repeating option at the moment is 'verbose'.
+            # It has a negative option -q quiet, which should set verbose = 0.
+            if val and self.repeat.get(attr) is not None:
+                val = getattr(object, attr, 0) + 1
+            setattr(object, attr, val)
+            self.option_order.append((opt, val))
+
+        # for opts
+        if created_object:
+            return args, object
+        else:
+            return args
+
+    def get_option_order(self):
+        """Returns the list of (option, value) tuples processed by the
+        previous run of 'getopt()'.  Raises RuntimeError if
+        'getopt()' hasn't been called yet.
+        """
+        if self.option_order is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("'getopt()' hasn't been called yet")
+        else:
+            return self.option_order
+
+    def generate_help(self, header=None):
+        """Generate help text (a list of strings, one per suggested line of
+        output) from the option table for this FancyGetopt object.
+        """
+        # Blithely assume the option table is good: probably wouldn't call
+        # 'generate_help()' unless you've already called 'getopt()'.
+
+        # First pass: determine maximum length of long option names
+        max_opt = 0
+        for option in self.option_table:
+            long = option[0]
+            short = option[1]
+            l = len(long)
+            if long[-1] == '=':
+                l = l - 1
+            if short is not None:
+                l = l + 5                   # " (-x)" where short == 'x'
+            if l > max_opt:
+                max_opt = l
+
+        opt_width = max_opt + 2 + 2 + 2     # room for indent + dashes + gutter
+
+        # Typical help block looks like this:
+        #   --foo       controls foonabulation
+        # Help block for longest option looks like this:
+        #   --flimflam  set the flim-flam level
+        # and with wrapped text:
+        #   --flimflam  set the flim-flam level (must be between
+        #               0 and 100, except on Tuesdays)
+        # Options with short names will have the short name shown (but
+        # it doesn't contribute to max_opt):
+        #   --foo (-f)  controls foonabulation
+        # If adding the short option would make the left column too wide,
+        # we push the explanation off to the next line
+        #   --flimflam (-l)
+        #               set the flim-flam level
+        # Important parameters:
+        #   - 2 spaces before option block start lines
+        #   - 2 dashes for each long option name
+        #   - min. 2 spaces between option and explanation (gutter)
+        #   - 5 characters (incl. space) for short option name
+
+        # Now generate lines of help text.  (If 80 columns were good enough
+        # for Jesus, then 78 columns are good enough for me!)
+        line_width = 78
+        text_width = line_width - opt_width
+        big_indent = ' ' * opt_width
+        if header:
+            lines = [header]
+        else:
+            lines = ['Option summary:']
+
+        for option in self.option_table:
+            long, short, help = option[:3]
+            text = wrap_text(help, text_width)
+            if long[-1] == '=':
+                long = long[0:-1]
+
+            # Case 1: no short option at all (makes life easy)
+            if short is None:
+                if text:
+                    lines.append("  --%-*s  %s" % (max_opt, long, text[0]))
+                else:
+                    lines.append("  --%-*s  " % (max_opt, long))
+
+            # Case 2: we have a short option, so we have to include it
+            # just after the long option
+            else:
+                opt_names = "%s (-%s)" % (long, short)
+                if text:
+                    lines.append("  --%-*s  %s" %
+                                 (max_opt, opt_names, text[0]))
+                else:
+                    lines.append("  --%-*s" % opt_names)
+
+            for l in text[1:]:
+                lines.append(big_indent + l)
+        return lines
+
+    def print_help(self, header=None, file=None):
+        if file is None:
+            file = sys.stdout
+        for line in self.generate_help(header):
+            file.write(line + "\n")
+
+
+def fancy_getopt(options, negative_opt, object, args):
+    parser = FancyGetopt(options)
+    parser.set_negative_aliases(negative_opt)
+    return parser.getopt(args, object)
+
+
+WS_TRANS = {ord(_wschar) : ' ' for _wschar in string.whitespace}
+
+def wrap_text(text, width):
+    """wrap_text(text : string, width : int) -> [string]
+
+    Split 'text' into multiple lines of no more than 'width' characters
+    each, and return the list of strings that results.
+    """
+    if text is None:
+        return []
+    if len(text) <= width:
+        return [text]
+
+    text = text.expandtabs()
+    text = text.translate(WS_TRANS)
+    chunks = re.split(r'( +|-+)', text)
+    chunks = [ch for ch in chunks if ch] # ' - ' results in empty strings
+    lines = []
+
+    while chunks:
+        cur_line = []                   # list of chunks (to-be-joined)
+        cur_len = 0                     # length of current line
+
+        while chunks:
+            l = len(chunks[0])
+            if cur_len + l <= width:    # can squeeze (at least) this chunk in
+                cur_line.append(chunks[0])
+                del chunks[0]
+                cur_len = cur_len + l
+            else:                       # this line is full
+                # drop last chunk if all space
+                if cur_line and cur_line[-1][0] == ' ':
+                    del cur_line[-1]
+                break
+
+        if chunks:                      # any chunks left to process?
+            # if the current line is still empty, then we had a single
+            # chunk that's too big too fit on a line -- so we break
+            # down and break it up at the line width
+            if cur_len == 0:
+                cur_line.append(chunks[0][0:width])
+                chunks[0] = chunks[0][width:]
+
+            # all-whitespace chunks at the end of a line can be discarded
+            # (and we know from the re.split above that if a chunk has
+            # *any* whitespace, it is *all* whitespace)
+            if chunks[0][0] == ' ':
+                del chunks[0]
+
+        # and store this line in the list-of-all-lines -- as a single
+        # string, of course!
+        lines.append(''.join(cur_line))
+
+    return lines
+
+
+def translate_longopt(opt):
+    """Convert a long option name to a valid Python identifier by
+    changing "-" to "_".
+    """
+    return opt.translate(longopt_xlate)
+
+
+class OptionDummy:
+    """Dummy class just used as a place to hold command-line option
+    values as instance attributes."""
+
+    def __init__(self, options=[]):
+        """Create a new OptionDummy instance.  The attributes listed in
+        'options' will be initialized to None."""
+        for opt in options:
+            setattr(self, opt, None)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    text = """\
+Tra-la-la, supercalifragilisticexpialidocious.
+How *do* you spell that odd word, anyways?
+(Someone ask Mary -- she'll know [or she'll
+say, "How should I know?"].)"""
+
+    for w in (10, 20, 30, 40):
+        print("width: %d" % w)
+        print("\n".join(wrap_text(text, w)))
+        print()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/file_util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/file_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3fee35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/file_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+"""distutils.file_util
+
+Utility functions for operating on single files.
+"""
+
+import os
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsFileError
+from distutils import log
+
+# for generating verbose output in 'copy_file()'
+_copy_action = { None:   'copying',
+                 'hard': 'hard linking',
+                 'sym':  'symbolically linking' }
+
+
+def _copy_file_contents(src, dst, buffer_size=16*1024):
+    """Copy the file 'src' to 'dst'; both must be filenames.  Any error
+    opening either file, reading from 'src', or writing to 'dst', raises
+    DistutilsFileError.  Data is read/written in chunks of 'buffer_size'
+    bytes (default 16k).  No attempt is made to handle anything apart from
+    regular files.
+    """
+    # Stolen from shutil module in the standard library, but with
+    # custom error-handling added.
+    fsrc = None
+    fdst = None
+    try:
+        try:
+            fsrc = open(src, 'rb')
+        except OSError as e:
+            raise DistutilsFileError("could not open '%s': %s" % (src, e.strerror))
+
+        if os.path.exists(dst):
+            try:
+                os.unlink(dst)
+            except OSError as e:
+                raise DistutilsFileError(
+                      "could not delete '%s': %s" % (dst, e.strerror))
+
+        try:
+            fdst = open(dst, 'wb')
+        except OSError as e:
+            raise DistutilsFileError(
+                  "could not create '%s': %s" % (dst, e.strerror))
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                buf = fsrc.read(buffer_size)
+            except OSError as e:
+                raise DistutilsFileError(
+                      "could not read from '%s': %s" % (src, e.strerror))
+
+            if not buf:
+                break
+
+            try:
+                fdst.write(buf)
+            except OSError as e:
+                raise DistutilsFileError(
+                      "could not write to '%s': %s" % (dst, e.strerror))
+    finally:
+        if fdst:
+            fdst.close()
+        if fsrc:
+            fsrc.close()
+
+def copy_file(src, dst, preserve_mode=1, preserve_times=1, update=0,
+              link=None, verbose=1, dry_run=0):
+    """Copy a file 'src' to 'dst'.  If 'dst' is a directory, then 'src' is
+    copied there with the same name; otherwise, it must be a filename.  (If
+    the file exists, it will be ruthlessly clobbered.)  If 'preserve_mode'
+    is true (the default), the file's mode (type and permission bits, or
+    whatever is analogous on the current platform) is copied.  If
+    'preserve_times' is true (the default), the last-modified and
+    last-access times are copied as well.  If 'update' is true, 'src' will
+    only be copied if 'dst' does not exist, or if 'dst' does exist but is
+    older than 'src'.
+
+    'link' allows you to make hard links (os.link) or symbolic links
+    (os.symlink) instead of copying: set it to "hard" or "sym"; if it is
+    None (the default), files are copied.  Don't set 'link' on systems that
+    don't support it: 'copy_file()' doesn't check if hard or symbolic
+    linking is available. If hardlink fails, falls back to
+    _copy_file_contents().
+
+    Under Mac OS, uses the native file copy function in macostools; on
+    other systems, uses '_copy_file_contents()' to copy file contents.
+
+    Return a tuple (dest_name, copied): 'dest_name' is the actual name of
+    the output file, and 'copied' is true if the file was copied (or would
+    have been copied, if 'dry_run' true).
+    """
+    # XXX if the destination file already exists, we clobber it if
+    # copying, but blow up if linking.  Hmmm.  And I don't know what
+    # macostools.copyfile() does.  Should definitely be consistent, and
+    # should probably blow up if destination exists and we would be
+    # changing it (ie. it's not already a hard/soft link to src OR
+    # (not update) and (src newer than dst).
+
+    from distutils.dep_util import newer
+    from stat import ST_ATIME, ST_MTIME, ST_MODE, S_IMODE
+
+    if not os.path.isfile(src):
+        raise DistutilsFileError(
+              "can't copy '%s': doesn't exist or not a regular file" % src)
+
+    if os.path.isdir(dst):
+        dir = dst
+        dst = os.path.join(dst, os.path.basename(src))
+    else:
+        dir = os.path.dirname(dst)
+
+    if update and not newer(src, dst):
+        if verbose >= 1:
+            log.debug("not copying %s (output up-to-date)", src)
+        return (dst, 0)
+
+    try:
+        action = _copy_action[link]
+    except KeyError:
+        raise ValueError("invalid value '%s' for 'link' argument" % link)
+
+    if verbose >= 1:
+        if os.path.basename(dst) == os.path.basename(src):
+            log.info("%s %s -> %s", action, src, dir)
+        else:
+            log.info("%s %s -> %s", action, src, dst)
+
+    if dry_run:
+        return (dst, 1)
+
+    # If linking (hard or symbolic), use the appropriate system call
+    # (Unix only, of course, but that's the caller's responsibility)
+    elif link == 'hard':
+        if not (os.path.exists(dst) and os.path.samefile(src, dst)):
+            try:
+                os.link(src, dst)
+                return (dst, 1)
+            except OSError:
+                # If hard linking fails, fall back on copying file
+                # (some special filesystems don't support hard linking
+                #  even under Unix, see issue #8876).
+                pass
+    elif link == 'sym':
+        if not (os.path.exists(dst) and os.path.samefile(src, dst)):
+            os.symlink(src, dst)
+            return (dst, 1)
+
+    # Otherwise (non-Mac, not linking), copy the file contents and
+    # (optionally) copy the times and mode.
+    _copy_file_contents(src, dst)
+    if preserve_mode or preserve_times:
+        st = os.stat(src)
+
+        # According to David Ascher <da@ski.org>, utime() should be done
+        # before chmod() (at least under NT).
+        if preserve_times:
+            os.utime(dst, (st[ST_ATIME], st[ST_MTIME]))
+        if preserve_mode:
+            os.chmod(dst, S_IMODE(st[ST_MODE]))
+
+    return (dst, 1)
+
+
+# XXX I suspect this is Unix-specific -- need porting help!
+def move_file (src, dst,
+               verbose=1,
+               dry_run=0):
+
+    """Move a file 'src' to 'dst'.  If 'dst' is a directory, the file will
+    be moved into it with the same name; otherwise, 'src' is just renamed
+    to 'dst'.  Return the new full name of the file.
+
+    Handles cross-device moves on Unix using 'copy_file()'.  What about
+    other systems???
+    """
+    from os.path import exists, isfile, isdir, basename, dirname
+    import errno
+
+    if verbose >= 1:
+        log.info("moving %s -> %s", src, dst)
+
+    if dry_run:
+        return dst
+
+    if not isfile(src):
+        raise DistutilsFileError("can't move '%s': not a regular file" % src)
+
+    if isdir(dst):
+        dst = os.path.join(dst, basename(src))
+    elif exists(dst):
+        raise DistutilsFileError(
+              "can't move '%s': destination '%s' already exists" %
+              (src, dst))
+
+    if not isdir(dirname(dst)):
+        raise DistutilsFileError(
+              "can't move '%s': destination '%s' not a valid path" %
+              (src, dst))
+
+    copy_it = False
+    try:
+        os.rename(src, dst)
+    except OSError as e:
+        (num, msg) = e.args
+        if num == errno.EXDEV:
+            copy_it = True
+        else:
+            raise DistutilsFileError(
+                  "couldn't move '%s' to '%s': %s" % (src, dst, msg))
+
+    if copy_it:
+        copy_file(src, dst, verbose=verbose)
+        try:
+            os.unlink(src)
+        except OSError as e:
+            (num, msg) = e.args
+            try:
+                os.unlink(dst)
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+            raise DistutilsFileError(
+                  "couldn't move '%s' to '%s' by copy/delete: "
+                  "delete '%s' failed: %s"
+                  % (src, dst, src, msg))
+    return dst
+
+
+def write_file (filename, contents):
+    """Create a file with the specified name and write 'contents' (a
+    sequence of strings without line terminators) to it.
+    """
+    f = open(filename, "w")
+    try:
+        for line in contents:
+            f.write(line + "\n")
+    finally:
+        f.close()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/filelist.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/filelist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82a7738
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/filelist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+"""distutils.filelist
+
+Provides the FileList class, used for poking about the filesystem
+and building lists of files.
+"""
+
+import os
+import re
+import fnmatch
+import functools
+
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsTemplateError, DistutilsInternalError
+from distutils import log
+
+
+class FileList:
+    """A list of files built by on exploring the filesystem and filtered by
+    applying various patterns to what we find there.
+
+    Instance attributes:
+      dir
+        directory from which files will be taken -- only used if
+        'allfiles' not supplied to constructor
+      files
+        list of filenames currently being built/filtered/manipulated
+      allfiles
+        complete list of files under consideration (ie. without any
+        filtering applied)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, warn=None, debug_print=None):
+        # ignore argument to FileList, but keep them for backwards
+        # compatibility
+        self.allfiles = None
+        self.files = []
+
+    def set_allfiles(self, allfiles):
+        self.allfiles = allfiles
+
+    def findall(self, dir=os.curdir):
+        self.allfiles = findall(dir)
+
+    def debug_print(self, msg):
+        """Print 'msg' to stdout if the global DEBUG (taken from the
+        DISTUTILS_DEBUG environment variable) flag is true.
+        """
+        from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+        if DEBUG:
+            print(msg)
+
+    # Collection methods
+
+    def append(self, item):
+        self.files.append(item)
+
+    def extend(self, items):
+        self.files.extend(items)
+
+    def sort(self):
+        # Not a strict lexical sort!
+        sortable_files = sorted(map(os.path.split, self.files))
+        self.files = []
+        for sort_tuple in sortable_files:
+            self.files.append(os.path.join(*sort_tuple))
+
+    # Other miscellaneous utility methods
+
+    def remove_duplicates(self):
+        # Assumes list has been sorted!
+        for i in range(len(self.files) - 1, 0, -1):
+            if self.files[i] == self.files[i - 1]:
+                del self.files[i]
+
+    # "File template" methods
+
+    def _parse_template_line(self, line):
+        words = line.split()
+        action = words[0]
+
+        patterns = dir = dir_pattern = None
+
+        if action in ('include', 'exclude',
+                      'global-include', 'global-exclude'):
+            if len(words) < 2:
+                raise DistutilsTemplateError(
+                      "'%s' expects <pattern1> <pattern2> ..." % action)
+            patterns = [convert_path(w) for w in words[1:]]
+        elif action in ('recursive-include', 'recursive-exclude'):
+            if len(words) < 3:
+                raise DistutilsTemplateError(
+                      "'%s' expects <dir> <pattern1> <pattern2> ..." % action)
+            dir = convert_path(words[1])
+            patterns = [convert_path(w) for w in words[2:]]
+        elif action in ('graft', 'prune'):
+            if len(words) != 2:
+                raise DistutilsTemplateError(
+                      "'%s' expects a single <dir_pattern>" % action)
+            dir_pattern = convert_path(words[1])
+        else:
+            raise DistutilsTemplateError("unknown action '%s'" % action)
+
+        return (action, patterns, dir, dir_pattern)
+
+    def process_template_line(self, line):
+        # Parse the line: split it up, make sure the right number of words
+        # is there, and return the relevant words.  'action' is always
+        # defined: it's the first word of the line.  Which of the other
+        # three are defined depends on the action; it'll be either
+        # patterns, (dir and patterns), or (dir_pattern).
+        (action, patterns, dir, dir_pattern) = self._parse_template_line(line)
+
+        # OK, now we know that the action is valid and we have the
+        # right number of words on the line for that action -- so we
+        # can proceed with minimal error-checking.
+        if action == 'include':
+            self.debug_print("include " + ' '.join(patterns))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.include_pattern(pattern, anchor=1):
+                    log.warn("warning: no files found matching '%s'",
+                             pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'exclude':
+            self.debug_print("exclude " + ' '.join(patterns))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.exclude_pattern(pattern, anchor=1):
+                    log.warn(("warning: no previously-included files "
+                              "found matching '%s'"), pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'global-include':
+            self.debug_print("global-include " + ' '.join(patterns))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.include_pattern(pattern, anchor=0):
+                    log.warn(("warning: no files found matching '%s' "
+                              "anywhere in distribution"), pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'global-exclude':
+            self.debug_print("global-exclude " + ' '.join(patterns))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.exclude_pattern(pattern, anchor=0):
+                    log.warn(("warning: no previously-included files matching "
+                              "'%s' found anywhere in distribution"),
+                             pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'recursive-include':
+            self.debug_print("recursive-include %s %s" %
+                             (dir, ' '.join(patterns)))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.include_pattern(pattern, prefix=dir):
+                    msg = (
+                        "warning: no files found matching '%s' "
+                        "under directory '%s'"
+                    )
+                    log.warn(msg, pattern, dir)
+
+        elif action == 'recursive-exclude':
+            self.debug_print("recursive-exclude %s %s" %
+                             (dir, ' '.join(patterns)))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.exclude_pattern(pattern, prefix=dir):
+                    log.warn(("warning: no previously-included files matching "
+                              "'%s' found under directory '%s'"),
+                             pattern, dir)
+
+        elif action == 'graft':
+            self.debug_print("graft " + dir_pattern)
+            if not self.include_pattern(None, prefix=dir_pattern):
+                log.warn("warning: no directories found matching '%s'",
+                         dir_pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'prune':
+            self.debug_print("prune " + dir_pattern)
+            if not self.exclude_pattern(None, prefix=dir_pattern):
+                log.warn(("no previously-included directories found "
+                          "matching '%s'"), dir_pattern)
+        else:
+            raise DistutilsInternalError(
+                  "this cannot happen: invalid action '%s'" % action)
+
+    # Filtering/selection methods
+
+    def include_pattern(self, pattern, anchor=1, prefix=None, is_regex=0):
+        """Select strings (presumably filenames) from 'self.files' that
+        match 'pattern', a Unix-style wildcard (glob) pattern.  Patterns
+        are not quite the same as implemented by the 'fnmatch' module: '*'
+        and '?'  match non-special characters, where "special" is platform-
+        dependent: slash on Unix; colon, slash, and backslash on
+        DOS/Windows; and colon on Mac OS.
+
+        If 'anchor' is true (the default), then the pattern match is more
+        stringent: "*.py" will match "foo.py" but not "foo/bar.py".  If
+        'anchor' is false, both of these will match.
+
+        If 'prefix' is supplied, then only filenames starting with 'prefix'
+        (itself a pattern) and ending with 'pattern', with anything in between
+        them, will match.  'anchor' is ignored in this case.
+
+        If 'is_regex' is true, 'anchor' and 'prefix' are ignored, and
+        'pattern' is assumed to be either a string containing a regex or a
+        regex object -- no translation is done, the regex is just compiled
+        and used as-is.
+
+        Selected strings will be added to self.files.
+
+        Return True if files are found, False otherwise.
+        """
+        # XXX docstring lying about what the special chars are?
+        files_found = False
+        pattern_re = translate_pattern(pattern, anchor, prefix, is_regex)
+        self.debug_print("include_pattern: applying regex r'%s'" %
+                         pattern_re.pattern)
+
+        # delayed loading of allfiles list
+        if self.allfiles is None:
+            self.findall()
+
+        for name in self.allfiles:
+            if pattern_re.search(name):
+                self.debug_print(" adding " + name)
+                self.files.append(name)
+                files_found = True
+        return files_found
+
+    def exclude_pattern(
+            self, pattern, anchor=1, prefix=None, is_regex=0):
+        """Remove strings (presumably filenames) from 'files' that match
+        'pattern'.  Other parameters are the same as for
+        'include_pattern()', above.
+        The list 'self.files' is modified in place.
+        Return True if files are found, False otherwise.
+        """
+        files_found = False
+        pattern_re = translate_pattern(pattern, anchor, prefix, is_regex)
+        self.debug_print("exclude_pattern: applying regex r'%s'" %
+                         pattern_re.pattern)
+        for i in range(len(self.files)-1, -1, -1):
+            if pattern_re.search(self.files[i]):
+                self.debug_print(" removing " + self.files[i])
+                del self.files[i]
+                files_found = True
+        return files_found
+
+
+# Utility functions
+
+def _find_all_simple(path):
+    """
+    Find all files under 'path'
+    """
+    all_unique = _UniqueDirs.filter(os.walk(path, followlinks=True))
+    results = (
+        os.path.join(base, file)
+        for base, dirs, files in all_unique
+        for file in files
+    )
+    return filter(os.path.isfile, results)
+
+
+class _UniqueDirs(set):
+    """
+    Exclude previously-seen dirs from walk results,
+    avoiding infinite recursion.
+    Ref https://bugs.python.org/issue44497.
+    """
+    def __call__(self, walk_item):
+        """
+        Given an item from an os.walk result, determine
+        if the item represents a unique dir for this instance
+        and if not, prevent further traversal.
+        """
+        base, dirs, files = walk_item
+        stat = os.stat(base)
+        candidate = stat.st_dev, stat.st_ino
+        found = candidate in self
+        if found:
+            del dirs[:]
+        self.add(candidate)
+        return not found
+
+    @classmethod
+    def filter(cls, items):
+        return filter(cls(), items)
+
+
+def findall(dir=os.curdir):
+    """
+    Find all files under 'dir' and return the list of full filenames.
+    Unless dir is '.', return full filenames with dir prepended.
+    """
+    files = _find_all_simple(dir)
+    if dir == os.curdir:
+        make_rel = functools.partial(os.path.relpath, start=dir)
+        files = map(make_rel, files)
+    return list(files)
+
+
+def glob_to_re(pattern):
+    """Translate a shell-like glob pattern to a regular expression; return
+    a string containing the regex.  Differs from 'fnmatch.translate()' in
+    that '*' does not match "special characters" (which are
+    platform-specific).
+    """
+    pattern_re = fnmatch.translate(pattern)
+
+    # '?' and '*' in the glob pattern become '.' and '.*' in the RE, which
+    # IMHO is wrong -- '?' and '*' aren't supposed to match slash in Unix,
+    # and by extension they shouldn't match such "special characters" under
+    # any OS.  So change all non-escaped dots in the RE to match any
+    # character except the special characters (currently: just os.sep).
+    sep = os.sep
+    if os.sep == '\\':
+        # we're using a regex to manipulate a regex, so we need
+        # to escape the backslash twice
+        sep = r'\\\\'
+    escaped = r'\1[^%s]' % sep
+    pattern_re = re.sub(r'((?<!\\)(\\\\)*)\.', escaped, pattern_re)
+    return pattern_re
+
+
+def translate_pattern(pattern, anchor=1, prefix=None, is_regex=0):
+    """Translate a shell-like wildcard pattern to a compiled regular
+    expression.  Return the compiled regex.  If 'is_regex' true,
+    then 'pattern' is directly compiled to a regex (if it's a string)
+    or just returned as-is (assumes it's a regex object).
+    """
+    if is_regex:
+        if isinstance(pattern, str):
+            return re.compile(pattern)
+        else:
+            return pattern
+
+    # ditch start and end characters
+    start, _, end = glob_to_re('_').partition('_')
+
+    if pattern:
+        pattern_re = glob_to_re(pattern)
+        assert pattern_re.startswith(start) and pattern_re.endswith(end)
+    else:
+        pattern_re = ''
+
+    if prefix is not None:
+        prefix_re = glob_to_re(prefix)
+        assert prefix_re.startswith(start) and prefix_re.endswith(end)
+        prefix_re = prefix_re[len(start): len(prefix_re) - len(end)]
+        sep = os.sep
+        if os.sep == '\\':
+            sep = r'\\'
+        pattern_re = pattern_re[len(start): len(pattern_re) - len(end)]
+        pattern_re = r'%s\A%s%s.*%s%s' % (
+            start, prefix_re, sep, pattern_re, end)
+    else:                               # no prefix -- respect anchor flag
+        if anchor:
+            pattern_re = r'%s\A%s' % (start, pattern_re[len(start):])
+
+    return re.compile(pattern_re)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/log.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/log.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a68b156
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/log.py
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+"""A simple log mechanism styled after PEP 282."""
+
+# The class here is styled after PEP 282 so that it could later be
+# replaced with a standard Python logging implementation.
+
+import sys
+
+DEBUG = 1
+INFO = 2
+WARN = 3
+ERROR = 4
+FATAL = 5
+
+
+class Log:
+
+    def __init__(self, threshold=WARN):
+        self.threshold = threshold
+
+    def _log(self, level, msg, args):
+        if level not in (DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR, FATAL):
+            raise ValueError('%s wrong log level' % str(level))
+
+        if level >= self.threshold:
+            if args:
+                msg = msg % args
+            if level in (WARN, ERROR, FATAL):
+                stream = sys.stderr
+            else:
+                stream = sys.stdout
+            try:
+                stream.write('%s\n' % msg)
+            except UnicodeEncodeError:
+                # emulate backslashreplace error handler
+                encoding = stream.encoding
+                msg = msg.encode(encoding, "backslashreplace").decode(encoding)
+                stream.write('%s\n' % msg)
+            stream.flush()
+
+    def log(self, level, msg, *args):
+        self._log(level, msg, args)
+
+    def debug(self, msg, *args):
+        self._log(DEBUG, msg, args)
+
+    def info(self, msg, *args):
+        self._log(INFO, msg, args)
+
+    def warn(self, msg, *args):
+        self._log(WARN, msg, args)
+
+    def error(self, msg, *args):
+        self._log(ERROR, msg, args)
+
+    def fatal(self, msg, *args):
+        self._log(FATAL, msg, args)
+
+
+_global_log = Log()
+log = _global_log.log
+debug = _global_log.debug
+info = _global_log.info
+warn = _global_log.warn
+error = _global_log.error
+fatal = _global_log.fatal
+
+
+def set_threshold(level):
+    # return the old threshold for use from tests
+    old = _global_log.threshold
+    _global_log.threshold = level
+    return old
+
+
+def set_verbosity(v):
+    if v <= 0:
+        set_threshold(WARN)
+    elif v == 1:
+        set_threshold(INFO)
+    elif v >= 2:
+        set_threshold(DEBUG)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/msvc9compiler.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/msvc9compiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14d1377
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/msvc9compiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,788 @@
+"""distutils.msvc9compiler
+
+Contains MSVCCompiler, an implementation of the abstract CCompiler class
+for the Microsoft Visual Studio 2008.
+
+The module is compatible with VS 2005 and VS 2008. You can find legacy support
+for older versions of VS in distutils.msvccompiler.
+"""
+
+# Written by Perry Stoll
+# hacked by Robin Becker and Thomas Heller to do a better job of
+#   finding DevStudio (through the registry)
+# ported to VS2005 and VS 2008 by Christian Heimes
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import re
+
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsExecError, DistutilsPlatformError, \
+                             CompileError, LibError, LinkError
+from distutils.ccompiler import CCompiler, gen_lib_options
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+
+import winreg
+
+RegOpenKeyEx = winreg.OpenKeyEx
+RegEnumKey = winreg.EnumKey
+RegEnumValue = winreg.EnumValue
+RegError = winreg.error
+
+HKEYS = (winreg.HKEY_USERS,
+         winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+         winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
+         winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT)
+
+NATIVE_WIN64 = (sys.platform == 'win32' and sys.maxsize > 2**32)
+if NATIVE_WIN64:
+    # Visual C++ is a 32-bit application, so we need to look in
+    # the corresponding registry branch, if we're running a
+    # 64-bit Python on Win64
+    VS_BASE = r"Software\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\VisualStudio\%0.1f"
+    WINSDK_BASE = r"Software\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Microsoft SDKs\Windows"
+    NET_BASE = r"Software\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\.NETFramework"
+else:
+    VS_BASE = r"Software\Microsoft\VisualStudio\%0.1f"
+    WINSDK_BASE = r"Software\Microsoft\Microsoft SDKs\Windows"
+    NET_BASE = r"Software\Microsoft\.NETFramework"
+
+# A map keyed by get_platform() return values to values accepted by
+# 'vcvarsall.bat'.  Note a cross-compile may combine these (eg, 'x86_amd64' is
+# the param to cross-compile on x86 targeting amd64.)
+PLAT_TO_VCVARS = {
+    'win32' : 'x86',
+    'win-amd64' : 'amd64',
+}
+
+class Reg:
+    """Helper class to read values from the registry
+    """
+
+    def get_value(cls, path, key):
+        for base in HKEYS:
+            d = cls.read_values(base, path)
+            if d and key in d:
+                return d[key]
+        raise KeyError(key)
+    get_value = classmethod(get_value)
+
+    def read_keys(cls, base, key):
+        """Return list of registry keys."""
+        try:
+            handle = RegOpenKeyEx(base, key)
+        except RegError:
+            return None
+        L = []
+        i = 0
+        while True:
+            try:
+                k = RegEnumKey(handle, i)
+            except RegError:
+                break
+            L.append(k)
+            i += 1
+        return L
+    read_keys = classmethod(read_keys)
+
+    def read_values(cls, base, key):
+        """Return dict of registry keys and values.
+
+        All names are converted to lowercase.
+        """
+        try:
+            handle = RegOpenKeyEx(base, key)
+        except RegError:
+            return None
+        d = {}
+        i = 0
+        while True:
+            try:
+                name, value, type = RegEnumValue(handle, i)
+            except RegError:
+                break
+            name = name.lower()
+            d[cls.convert_mbcs(name)] = cls.convert_mbcs(value)
+            i += 1
+        return d
+    read_values = classmethod(read_values)
+
+    def convert_mbcs(s):
+        dec = getattr(s, "decode", None)
+        if dec is not None:
+            try:
+                s = dec("mbcs")
+            except UnicodeError:
+                pass
+        return s
+    convert_mbcs = staticmethod(convert_mbcs)
+
+class MacroExpander:
+
+    def __init__(self, version):
+        self.macros = {}
+        self.vsbase = VS_BASE % version
+        self.load_macros(version)
+
+    def set_macro(self, macro, path, key):
+        self.macros["$(%s)" % macro] = Reg.get_value(path, key)
+
+    def load_macros(self, version):
+        self.set_macro("VCInstallDir", self.vsbase + r"\Setup\VC", "productdir")
+        self.set_macro("VSInstallDir", self.vsbase + r"\Setup\VS", "productdir")
+        self.set_macro("FrameworkDir", NET_BASE, "installroot")
+        try:
+            if version >= 8.0:
+                self.set_macro("FrameworkSDKDir", NET_BASE,
+                               "sdkinstallrootv2.0")
+            else:
+                raise KeyError("sdkinstallrootv2.0")
+        except KeyError:
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+            """Python was built with Visual Studio 2008;
+extensions must be built with a compiler than can generate compatible binaries.
+Visual Studio 2008 was not found on this system. If you have Cygwin installed,
+you can try compiling with MingW32, by passing "-c mingw32" to setup.py.""")
+
+        if version >= 9.0:
+            self.set_macro("FrameworkVersion", self.vsbase, "clr version")
+            self.set_macro("WindowsSdkDir", WINSDK_BASE, "currentinstallfolder")
+        else:
+            p = r"Software\Microsoft\NET Framework Setup\Product"
+            for base in HKEYS:
+                try:
+                    h = RegOpenKeyEx(base, p)
+                except RegError:
+                    continue
+                key = RegEnumKey(h, 0)
+                d = Reg.get_value(base, r"%s\%s" % (p, key))
+                self.macros["$(FrameworkVersion)"] = d["version"]
+
+    def sub(self, s):
+        for k, v in self.macros.items():
+            s = s.replace(k, v)
+        return s
+
+def get_build_version():
+    """Return the version of MSVC that was used to build Python.
+
+    For Python 2.3 and up, the version number is included in
+    sys.version.  For earlier versions, assume the compiler is MSVC 6.
+    """
+    prefix = "MSC v."
+    i = sys.version.find(prefix)
+    if i == -1:
+        return 6
+    i = i + len(prefix)
+    s, rest = sys.version[i:].split(" ", 1)
+    majorVersion = int(s[:-2]) - 6
+    if majorVersion >= 13:
+        # v13 was skipped and should be v14
+        majorVersion += 1
+    minorVersion = int(s[2:3]) / 10.0
+    # I don't think paths are affected by minor version in version 6
+    if majorVersion == 6:
+        minorVersion = 0
+    if majorVersion >= 6:
+        return majorVersion + minorVersion
+    # else we don't know what version of the compiler this is
+    return None
+
+def normalize_and_reduce_paths(paths):
+    """Return a list of normalized paths with duplicates removed.
+
+    The current order of paths is maintained.
+    """
+    # Paths are normalized so things like:  /a and /a/ aren't both preserved.
+    reduced_paths = []
+    for p in paths:
+        np = os.path.normpath(p)
+        # XXX(nnorwitz): O(n**2), if reduced_paths gets long perhaps use a set.
+        if np not in reduced_paths:
+            reduced_paths.append(np)
+    return reduced_paths
+
+def removeDuplicates(variable):
+    """Remove duplicate values of an environment variable.
+    """
+    oldList = variable.split(os.pathsep)
+    newList = []
+    for i in oldList:
+        if i not in newList:
+            newList.append(i)
+    newVariable = os.pathsep.join(newList)
+    return newVariable
+
+def find_vcvarsall(version):
+    """Find the vcvarsall.bat file
+
+    At first it tries to find the productdir of VS 2008 in the registry. If
+    that fails it falls back to the VS90COMNTOOLS env var.
+    """
+    vsbase = VS_BASE % version
+    try:
+        productdir = Reg.get_value(r"%s\Setup\VC" % vsbase,
+                                   "productdir")
+    except KeyError:
+        log.debug("Unable to find productdir in registry")
+        productdir = None
+
+    if not productdir or not os.path.isdir(productdir):
+        toolskey = "VS%0.f0COMNTOOLS" % version
+        toolsdir = os.environ.get(toolskey, None)
+
+        if toolsdir and os.path.isdir(toolsdir):
+            productdir = os.path.join(toolsdir, os.pardir, os.pardir, "VC")
+            productdir = os.path.abspath(productdir)
+            if not os.path.isdir(productdir):
+                log.debug("%s is not a valid directory" % productdir)
+                return None
+        else:
+            log.debug("Env var %s is not set or invalid" % toolskey)
+    if not productdir:
+        log.debug("No productdir found")
+        return None
+    vcvarsall = os.path.join(productdir, "vcvarsall.bat")
+    if os.path.isfile(vcvarsall):
+        return vcvarsall
+    log.debug("Unable to find vcvarsall.bat")
+    return None
+
+def query_vcvarsall(version, arch="x86"):
+    """Launch vcvarsall.bat and read the settings from its environment
+    """
+    vcvarsall = find_vcvarsall(version)
+    interesting = {"include", "lib", "libpath", "path"}
+    result = {}
+
+    if vcvarsall is None:
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError("Unable to find vcvarsall.bat")
+    log.debug("Calling 'vcvarsall.bat %s' (version=%s)", arch, version)
+    popen = subprocess.Popen('"%s" %s & set' % (vcvarsall, arch),
+                             stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                             stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+    try:
+        stdout, stderr = popen.communicate()
+        if popen.wait() != 0:
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError(stderr.decode("mbcs"))
+
+        stdout = stdout.decode("mbcs")
+        for line in stdout.split("\n"):
+            line = Reg.convert_mbcs(line)
+            if '=' not in line:
+                continue
+            line = line.strip()
+            key, value = line.split('=', 1)
+            key = key.lower()
+            if key in interesting:
+                if value.endswith(os.pathsep):
+                    value = value[:-1]
+                result[key] = removeDuplicates(value)
+
+    finally:
+        popen.stdout.close()
+        popen.stderr.close()
+
+    if len(result) != len(interesting):
+        raise ValueError(str(list(result.keys())))
+
+    return result
+
+# More globals
+VERSION = get_build_version()
+# MACROS = MacroExpander(VERSION)
+
+class MSVCCompiler(CCompiler) :
+    """Concrete class that implements an interface to Microsoft Visual C++,
+       as defined by the CCompiler abstract class."""
+
+    compiler_type = 'msvc'
+
+    # Just set this so CCompiler's constructor doesn't barf.  We currently
+    # don't use the 'set_executables()' bureaucracy provided by CCompiler,
+    # as it really isn't necessary for this sort of single-compiler class.
+    # Would be nice to have a consistent interface with UnixCCompiler,
+    # though, so it's worth thinking about.
+    executables = {}
+
+    # Private class data (need to distinguish C from C++ source for compiler)
+    _c_extensions = ['.c']
+    _cpp_extensions = ['.cc', '.cpp', '.cxx']
+    _rc_extensions = ['.rc']
+    _mc_extensions = ['.mc']
+
+    # Needed for the filename generation methods provided by the
+    # base class, CCompiler.
+    src_extensions = (_c_extensions + _cpp_extensions +
+                      _rc_extensions + _mc_extensions)
+    res_extension = '.res'
+    obj_extension = '.obj'
+    static_lib_extension = '.lib'
+    shared_lib_extension = '.dll'
+    static_lib_format = shared_lib_format = '%s%s'
+    exe_extension = '.exe'
+
+    def __init__(self, verbose=0, dry_run=0, force=0):
+        CCompiler.__init__ (self, verbose, dry_run, force)
+        self.__version = VERSION
+        self.__root = r"Software\Microsoft\VisualStudio"
+        # self.__macros = MACROS
+        self.__paths = []
+        # target platform (.plat_name is consistent with 'bdist')
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.__arch = None # deprecated name
+        self.initialized = False
+
+    def initialize(self, plat_name=None):
+        # multi-init means we would need to check platform same each time...
+        assert not self.initialized, "don't init multiple times"
+        if self.__version < 8.0:
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError("VC %0.1f is not supported by this module" % self.__version)
+        if plat_name is None:
+            plat_name = get_platform()
+        # sanity check for platforms to prevent obscure errors later.
+        ok_plats = 'win32', 'win-amd64'
+        if plat_name not in ok_plats:
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError("--plat-name must be one of %s" %
+                                         (ok_plats,))
+
+        if "DISTUTILS_USE_SDK" in os.environ and "MSSdk" in os.environ and self.find_exe("cl.exe"):
+            # Assume that the SDK set up everything alright; don't try to be
+            # smarter
+            self.cc = "cl.exe"
+            self.linker = "link.exe"
+            self.lib = "lib.exe"
+            self.rc = "rc.exe"
+            self.mc = "mc.exe"
+        else:
+            # On x86, 'vcvars32.bat amd64' creates an env that doesn't work;
+            # to cross compile, you use 'x86_amd64'.
+            # On AMD64, 'vcvars32.bat amd64' is a native build env; to cross
+            # compile use 'x86' (ie, it runs the x86 compiler directly)
+            if plat_name == get_platform() or plat_name == 'win32':
+                # native build or cross-compile to win32
+                plat_spec = PLAT_TO_VCVARS[plat_name]
+            else:
+                # cross compile from win32 -> some 64bit
+                plat_spec = PLAT_TO_VCVARS[get_platform()] + '_' + \
+                            PLAT_TO_VCVARS[plat_name]
+
+            vc_env = query_vcvarsall(VERSION, plat_spec)
+
+            self.__paths = vc_env['path'].split(os.pathsep)
+            os.environ['lib'] = vc_env['lib']
+            os.environ['include'] = vc_env['include']
+
+            if len(self.__paths) == 0:
+                raise DistutilsPlatformError("Python was built with %s, "
+                       "and extensions need to be built with the same "
+                       "version of the compiler, but it isn't installed."
+                       % self.__product)
+
+            self.cc = self.find_exe("cl.exe")
+            self.linker = self.find_exe("link.exe")
+            self.lib = self.find_exe("lib.exe")
+            self.rc = self.find_exe("rc.exe")   # resource compiler
+            self.mc = self.find_exe("mc.exe")   # message compiler
+            #self.set_path_env_var('lib')
+            #self.set_path_env_var('include')
+
+        # extend the MSVC path with the current path
+        try:
+            for p in os.environ['path'].split(';'):
+                self.__paths.append(p)
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        self.__paths = normalize_and_reduce_paths(self.__paths)
+        os.environ['path'] = ";".join(self.__paths)
+
+        self.preprocess_options = None
+        if self.__arch == "x86":
+            self.compile_options = [ '/nologo', '/O2', '/MD', '/W3',
+                                     '/DNDEBUG']
+            self.compile_options_debug = ['/nologo', '/Od', '/MDd', '/W3',
+                                          '/Z7', '/D_DEBUG']
+        else:
+            # Win64
+            self.compile_options = [ '/nologo', '/O2', '/MD', '/W3', '/GS-' ,
+                                     '/DNDEBUG']
+            self.compile_options_debug = ['/nologo', '/Od', '/MDd', '/W3', '/GS-',
+                                          '/Z7', '/D_DEBUG']
+
+        self.ldflags_shared = ['/DLL', '/nologo', '/INCREMENTAL:NO']
+        if self.__version >= 7:
+            self.ldflags_shared_debug = [
+                '/DLL', '/nologo', '/INCREMENTAL:no', '/DEBUG'
+                ]
+        self.ldflags_static = [ '/nologo']
+
+        self.initialized = True
+
+    # -- Worker methods ------------------------------------------------
+
+    def object_filenames(self,
+                         source_filenames,
+                         strip_dir=0,
+                         output_dir=''):
+        # Copied from ccompiler.py, extended to return .res as 'object'-file
+        # for .rc input file
+        if output_dir is None: output_dir = ''
+        obj_names = []
+        for src_name in source_filenames:
+            (base, ext) = os.path.splitext (src_name)
+            base = os.path.splitdrive(base)[1] # Chop off the drive
+            base = base[os.path.isabs(base):]  # If abs, chop off leading /
+            if ext not in self.src_extensions:
+                # Better to raise an exception instead of silently continuing
+                # and later complain about sources and targets having
+                # different lengths
+                raise CompileError ("Don't know how to compile %s" % src_name)
+            if strip_dir:
+                base = os.path.basename (base)
+            if ext in self._rc_extensions:
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join (output_dir,
+                                                base + self.res_extension))
+            elif ext in self._mc_extensions:
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join (output_dir,
+                                                base + self.res_extension))
+            else:
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join (output_dir,
+                                                base + self.obj_extension))
+        return obj_names
+
+
+    def compile(self, sources,
+                output_dir=None, macros=None, include_dirs=None, debug=0,
+                extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None, depends=None):
+
+        if not self.initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        compile_info = self._setup_compile(output_dir, macros, include_dirs,
+                                           sources, depends, extra_postargs)
+        macros, objects, extra_postargs, pp_opts, build = compile_info
+
+        compile_opts = extra_preargs or []
+        compile_opts.append ('/c')
+        if debug:
+            compile_opts.extend(self.compile_options_debug)
+        else:
+            compile_opts.extend(self.compile_options)
+
+        for obj in objects:
+            try:
+                src, ext = build[obj]
+            except KeyError:
+                continue
+            if debug:
+                # pass the full pathname to MSVC in debug mode,
+                # this allows the debugger to find the source file
+                # without asking the user to browse for it
+                src = os.path.abspath(src)
+
+            if ext in self._c_extensions:
+                input_opt = "/Tc" + src
+            elif ext in self._cpp_extensions:
+                input_opt = "/Tp" + src
+            elif ext in self._rc_extensions:
+                # compile .RC to .RES file
+                input_opt = src
+                output_opt = "/fo" + obj
+                try:
+                    self.spawn([self.rc] + pp_opts +
+                               [output_opt] + [input_opt])
+                except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                    raise CompileError(msg)
+                continue
+            elif ext in self._mc_extensions:
+                # Compile .MC to .RC file to .RES file.
+                #   * '-h dir' specifies the directory for the
+                #     generated include file
+                #   * '-r dir' specifies the target directory of the
+                #     generated RC file and the binary message resource
+                #     it includes
+                #
+                # For now (since there are no options to change this),
+                # we use the source-directory for the include file and
+                # the build directory for the RC file and message
+                # resources. This works at least for win32all.
+                h_dir = os.path.dirname(src)
+                rc_dir = os.path.dirname(obj)
+                try:
+                    # first compile .MC to .RC and .H file
+                    self.spawn([self.mc] +
+                               ['-h', h_dir, '-r', rc_dir] + [src])
+                    base, _ = os.path.splitext (os.path.basename (src))
+                    rc_file = os.path.join (rc_dir, base + '.rc')
+                    # then compile .RC to .RES file
+                    self.spawn([self.rc] +
+                               ["/fo" + obj] + [rc_file])
+
+                except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                    raise CompileError(msg)
+                continue
+            else:
+                # how to handle this file?
+                raise CompileError("Don't know how to compile %s to %s"
+                                   % (src, obj))
+
+            output_opt = "/Fo" + obj
+            try:
+                self.spawn([self.cc] + compile_opts + pp_opts +
+                           [input_opt, output_opt] +
+                           extra_postargs)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise CompileError(msg)
+
+        return objects
+
+
+    def create_static_lib(self,
+                          objects,
+                          output_libname,
+                          output_dir=None,
+                          debug=0,
+                          target_lang=None):
+
+        if not self.initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        (objects, output_dir) = self._fix_object_args(objects, output_dir)
+        output_filename = self.library_filename(output_libname,
+                                                output_dir=output_dir)
+
+        if self._need_link(objects, output_filename):
+            lib_args = objects + ['/OUT:' + output_filename]
+            if debug:
+                pass # XXX what goes here?
+            try:
+                self.spawn([self.lib] + lib_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise LibError(msg)
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+
+    def link(self,
+             target_desc,
+             objects,
+             output_filename,
+             output_dir=None,
+             libraries=None,
+             library_dirs=None,
+             runtime_library_dirs=None,
+             export_symbols=None,
+             debug=0,
+             extra_preargs=None,
+             extra_postargs=None,
+             build_temp=None,
+             target_lang=None):
+
+        if not self.initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        (objects, output_dir) = self._fix_object_args(objects, output_dir)
+        fixed_args = self._fix_lib_args(libraries, library_dirs,
+                                        runtime_library_dirs)
+        (libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs) = fixed_args
+
+        if runtime_library_dirs:
+            self.warn ("I don't know what to do with 'runtime_library_dirs': "
+                       + str (runtime_library_dirs))
+
+        lib_opts = gen_lib_options(self,
+                                   library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs,
+                                   libraries)
+        if output_dir is not None:
+            output_filename = os.path.join(output_dir, output_filename)
+
+        if self._need_link(objects, output_filename):
+            if target_desc == CCompiler.EXECUTABLE:
+                if debug:
+                    ldflags = self.ldflags_shared_debug[1:]
+                else:
+                    ldflags = self.ldflags_shared[1:]
+            else:
+                if debug:
+                    ldflags = self.ldflags_shared_debug
+                else:
+                    ldflags = self.ldflags_shared
+
+            export_opts = []
+            for sym in (export_symbols or []):
+                export_opts.append("/EXPORT:" + sym)
+
+            ld_args = (ldflags + lib_opts + export_opts +
+                       objects + ['/OUT:' + output_filename])
+
+            # The MSVC linker generates .lib and .exp files, which cannot be
+            # suppressed by any linker switches. The .lib files may even be
+            # needed! Make sure they are generated in the temporary build
+            # directory. Since they have different names for debug and release
+            # builds, they can go into the same directory.
+            build_temp = os.path.dirname(objects[0])
+            if export_symbols is not None:
+                (dll_name, dll_ext) = os.path.splitext(
+                    os.path.basename(output_filename))
+                implib_file = os.path.join(
+                    build_temp,
+                    self.library_filename(dll_name))
+                ld_args.append ('/IMPLIB:' + implib_file)
+
+            self.manifest_setup_ldargs(output_filename, build_temp, ld_args)
+
+            if extra_preargs:
+                ld_args[:0] = extra_preargs
+            if extra_postargs:
+                ld_args.extend(extra_postargs)
+
+            self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(output_filename))
+            try:
+                self.spawn([self.linker] + ld_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise LinkError(msg)
+
+            # embed the manifest
+            # XXX - this is somewhat fragile - if mt.exe fails, distutils
+            # will still consider the DLL up-to-date, but it will not have a
+            # manifest.  Maybe we should link to a temp file?  OTOH, that
+            # implies a build environment error that shouldn't go undetected.
+            mfinfo = self.manifest_get_embed_info(target_desc, ld_args)
+            if mfinfo is not None:
+                mffilename, mfid = mfinfo
+                out_arg = '-outputresource:%s;%s' % (output_filename, mfid)
+                try:
+                    self.spawn(['mt.exe', '-nologo', '-manifest',
+                                mffilename, out_arg])
+                except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                    raise LinkError(msg)
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+    def manifest_setup_ldargs(self, output_filename, build_temp, ld_args):
+        # If we need a manifest at all, an embedded manifest is recommended.
+        # See MSDN article titled
+        # "How to: Embed a Manifest Inside a C/C++ Application"
+        # (currently at http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms235591(VS.80).aspx)
+        # Ask the linker to generate the manifest in the temp dir, so
+        # we can check it, and possibly embed it, later.
+        temp_manifest = os.path.join(
+                build_temp,
+                os.path.basename(output_filename) + ".manifest")
+        ld_args.append('/MANIFESTFILE:' + temp_manifest)
+
+    def manifest_get_embed_info(self, target_desc, ld_args):
+        # If a manifest should be embedded, return a tuple of
+        # (manifest_filename, resource_id).  Returns None if no manifest
+        # should be embedded.  See http://bugs.python.org/issue7833 for why
+        # we want to avoid any manifest for extension modules if we can)
+        for arg in ld_args:
+            if arg.startswith("/MANIFESTFILE:"):
+                temp_manifest = arg.split(":", 1)[1]
+                break
+        else:
+            # no /MANIFESTFILE so nothing to do.
+            return None
+        if target_desc == CCompiler.EXECUTABLE:
+            # by default, executables always get the manifest with the
+            # CRT referenced.
+            mfid = 1
+        else:
+            # Extension modules try and avoid any manifest if possible.
+            mfid = 2
+            temp_manifest = self._remove_visual_c_ref(temp_manifest)
+        if temp_manifest is None:
+            return None
+        return temp_manifest, mfid
+
+    def _remove_visual_c_ref(self, manifest_file):
+        try:
+            # Remove references to the Visual C runtime, so they will
+            # fall through to the Visual C dependency of Python.exe.
+            # This way, when installed for a restricted user (e.g.
+            # runtimes are not in WinSxS folder, but in Python's own
+            # folder), the runtimes do not need to be in every folder
+            # with .pyd's.
+            # Returns either the filename of the modified manifest or
+            # None if no manifest should be embedded.
+            manifest_f = open(manifest_file)
+            try:
+                manifest_buf = manifest_f.read()
+            finally:
+                manifest_f.close()
+            pattern = re.compile(
+                r"""<assemblyIdentity.*?name=("|')Microsoft\."""\
+                r"""VC\d{2}\.CRT("|').*?(/>|</assemblyIdentity>)""",
+                re.DOTALL)
+            manifest_buf = re.sub(pattern, "", manifest_buf)
+            pattern = r"<dependentAssembly>\s*</dependentAssembly>"
+            manifest_buf = re.sub(pattern, "", manifest_buf)
+            # Now see if any other assemblies are referenced - if not, we
+            # don't want a manifest embedded.
+            pattern = re.compile(
+                r"""<assemblyIdentity.*?name=(?:"|')(.+?)(?:"|')"""
+                r""".*?(?:/>|</assemblyIdentity>)""", re.DOTALL)
+            if re.search(pattern, manifest_buf) is None:
+                return None
+
+            manifest_f = open(manifest_file, 'w')
+            try:
+                manifest_f.write(manifest_buf)
+                return manifest_file
+            finally:
+                manifest_f.close()
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+    # -- Miscellaneous methods -----------------------------------------
+    # These are all used by the 'gen_lib_options() function, in
+    # ccompiler.py.
+
+    def library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        return "/LIBPATH:" + dir
+
+    def runtime_library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+              "don't know how to set runtime library search path for MSVC++")
+
+    def library_option(self, lib):
+        return self.library_filename(lib)
+
+
+    def find_library_file(self, dirs, lib, debug=0):
+        # Prefer a debugging library if found (and requested), but deal
+        # with it if we don't have one.
+        if debug:
+            try_names = [lib + "_d", lib]
+        else:
+            try_names = [lib]
+        for dir in dirs:
+            for name in try_names:
+                libfile = os.path.join(dir, self.library_filename (name))
+                if os.path.exists(libfile):
+                    return libfile
+        else:
+            # Oops, didn't find it in *any* of 'dirs'
+            return None
+
+    # Helper methods for using the MSVC registry settings
+
+    def find_exe(self, exe):
+        """Return path to an MSVC executable program.
+
+        Tries to find the program in several places: first, one of the
+        MSVC program search paths from the registry; next, the directories
+        in the PATH environment variable.  If any of those work, return an
+        absolute path that is known to exist.  If none of them work, just
+        return the original program name, 'exe'.
+        """
+        for p in self.__paths:
+            fn = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(p), exe)
+            if os.path.isfile(fn):
+                return fn
+
+        # didn't find it; try existing path
+        for p in os.environ['Path'].split(';'):
+            fn = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(p),exe)
+            if os.path.isfile(fn):
+                return fn
+
+        return exe
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/msvccompiler.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/msvccompiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d447b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/msvccompiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,643 @@
+"""distutils.msvccompiler
+
+Contains MSVCCompiler, an implementation of the abstract CCompiler class
+for the Microsoft Visual Studio.
+"""
+
+# Written by Perry Stoll
+# hacked by Robin Becker and Thomas Heller to do a better job of
+#   finding DevStudio (through the registry)
+
+import sys, os
+from distutils.errors import \
+     DistutilsExecError, DistutilsPlatformError, \
+     CompileError, LibError, LinkError
+from distutils.ccompiler import \
+     CCompiler, gen_lib_options
+from distutils import log
+
+_can_read_reg = False
+try:
+    import winreg
+
+    _can_read_reg = True
+    hkey_mod = winreg
+
+    RegOpenKeyEx = winreg.OpenKeyEx
+    RegEnumKey = winreg.EnumKey
+    RegEnumValue = winreg.EnumValue
+    RegError = winreg.error
+
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        import win32api
+        import win32con
+        _can_read_reg = True
+        hkey_mod = win32con
+
+        RegOpenKeyEx = win32api.RegOpenKeyEx
+        RegEnumKey = win32api.RegEnumKey
+        RegEnumValue = win32api.RegEnumValue
+        RegError = win32api.error
+    except ImportError:
+        log.info("Warning: Can't read registry to find the "
+                 "necessary compiler setting\n"
+                 "Make sure that Python modules winreg, "
+                 "win32api or win32con are installed.")
+        pass
+
+if _can_read_reg:
+    HKEYS = (hkey_mod.HKEY_USERS,
+             hkey_mod.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+             hkey_mod.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
+             hkey_mod.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT)
+
+def read_keys(base, key):
+    """Return list of registry keys."""
+    try:
+        handle = RegOpenKeyEx(base, key)
+    except RegError:
+        return None
+    L = []
+    i = 0
+    while True:
+        try:
+            k = RegEnumKey(handle, i)
+        except RegError:
+            break
+        L.append(k)
+        i += 1
+    return L
+
+def read_values(base, key):
+    """Return dict of registry keys and values.
+
+    All names are converted to lowercase.
+    """
+    try:
+        handle = RegOpenKeyEx(base, key)
+    except RegError:
+        return None
+    d = {}
+    i = 0
+    while True:
+        try:
+            name, value, type = RegEnumValue(handle, i)
+        except RegError:
+            break
+        name = name.lower()
+        d[convert_mbcs(name)] = convert_mbcs(value)
+        i += 1
+    return d
+
+def convert_mbcs(s):
+    dec = getattr(s, "decode", None)
+    if dec is not None:
+        try:
+            s = dec("mbcs")
+        except UnicodeError:
+            pass
+    return s
+
+class MacroExpander:
+    def __init__(self, version):
+        self.macros = {}
+        self.load_macros(version)
+
+    def set_macro(self, macro, path, key):
+        for base in HKEYS:
+            d = read_values(base, path)
+            if d:
+                self.macros["$(%s)" % macro] = d[key]
+                break
+
+    def load_macros(self, version):
+        vsbase = r"Software\Microsoft\VisualStudio\%0.1f" % version
+        self.set_macro("VCInstallDir", vsbase + r"\Setup\VC", "productdir")
+        self.set_macro("VSInstallDir", vsbase + r"\Setup\VS", "productdir")
+        net = r"Software\Microsoft\.NETFramework"
+        self.set_macro("FrameworkDir", net, "installroot")
+        try:
+            if version > 7.0:
+                self.set_macro("FrameworkSDKDir", net, "sdkinstallrootv1.1")
+            else:
+                self.set_macro("FrameworkSDKDir", net, "sdkinstallroot")
+        except KeyError as exc: #
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+            """Python was built with Visual Studio 2003;
+extensions must be built with a compiler than can generate compatible binaries.
+Visual Studio 2003 was not found on this system. If you have Cygwin installed,
+you can try compiling with MingW32, by passing "-c mingw32" to setup.py.""")
+
+        p = r"Software\Microsoft\NET Framework Setup\Product"
+        for base in HKEYS:
+            try:
+                h = RegOpenKeyEx(base, p)
+            except RegError:
+                continue
+            key = RegEnumKey(h, 0)
+            d = read_values(base, r"%s\%s" % (p, key))
+            self.macros["$(FrameworkVersion)"] = d["version"]
+
+    def sub(self, s):
+        for k, v in self.macros.items():
+            s = s.replace(k, v)
+        return s
+
+def get_build_version():
+    """Return the version of MSVC that was used to build Python.
+
+    For Python 2.3 and up, the version number is included in
+    sys.version.  For earlier versions, assume the compiler is MSVC 6.
+    """
+    prefix = "MSC v."
+    i = sys.version.find(prefix)
+    if i == -1:
+        return 6
+    i = i + len(prefix)
+    s, rest = sys.version[i:].split(" ", 1)
+    majorVersion = int(s[:-2]) - 6
+    if majorVersion >= 13:
+        # v13 was skipped and should be v14
+        majorVersion += 1
+    minorVersion = int(s[2:3]) / 10.0
+    # I don't think paths are affected by minor version in version 6
+    if majorVersion == 6:
+        minorVersion = 0
+    if majorVersion >= 6:
+        return majorVersion + minorVersion
+    # else we don't know what version of the compiler this is
+    return None
+
+def get_build_architecture():
+    """Return the processor architecture.
+
+    Possible results are "Intel" or "AMD64".
+    """
+
+    prefix = " bit ("
+    i = sys.version.find(prefix)
+    if i == -1:
+        return "Intel"
+    j = sys.version.find(")", i)
+    return sys.version[i+len(prefix):j]
+
+def normalize_and_reduce_paths(paths):
+    """Return a list of normalized paths with duplicates removed.
+
+    The current order of paths is maintained.
+    """
+    # Paths are normalized so things like:  /a and /a/ aren't both preserved.
+    reduced_paths = []
+    for p in paths:
+        np = os.path.normpath(p)
+        # XXX(nnorwitz): O(n**2), if reduced_paths gets long perhaps use a set.
+        if np not in reduced_paths:
+            reduced_paths.append(np)
+    return reduced_paths
+
+
+class MSVCCompiler(CCompiler) :
+    """Concrete class that implements an interface to Microsoft Visual C++,
+       as defined by the CCompiler abstract class."""
+
+    compiler_type = 'msvc'
+
+    # Just set this so CCompiler's constructor doesn't barf.  We currently
+    # don't use the 'set_executables()' bureaucracy provided by CCompiler,
+    # as it really isn't necessary for this sort of single-compiler class.
+    # Would be nice to have a consistent interface with UnixCCompiler,
+    # though, so it's worth thinking about.
+    executables = {}
+
+    # Private class data (need to distinguish C from C++ source for compiler)
+    _c_extensions = ['.c']
+    _cpp_extensions = ['.cc', '.cpp', '.cxx']
+    _rc_extensions = ['.rc']
+    _mc_extensions = ['.mc']
+
+    # Needed for the filename generation methods provided by the
+    # base class, CCompiler.
+    src_extensions = (_c_extensions + _cpp_extensions +
+                      _rc_extensions + _mc_extensions)
+    res_extension = '.res'
+    obj_extension = '.obj'
+    static_lib_extension = '.lib'
+    shared_lib_extension = '.dll'
+    static_lib_format = shared_lib_format = '%s%s'
+    exe_extension = '.exe'
+
+    def __init__(self, verbose=0, dry_run=0, force=0):
+        CCompiler.__init__ (self, verbose, dry_run, force)
+        self.__version = get_build_version()
+        self.__arch = get_build_architecture()
+        if self.__arch == "Intel":
+            # x86
+            if self.__version >= 7:
+                self.__root = r"Software\Microsoft\VisualStudio"
+                self.__macros = MacroExpander(self.__version)
+            else:
+                self.__root = r"Software\Microsoft\Devstudio"
+            self.__product = "Visual Studio version %s" % self.__version
+        else:
+            # Win64. Assume this was built with the platform SDK
+            self.__product = "Microsoft SDK compiler %s" % (self.__version + 6)
+
+        self.initialized = False
+
+    def initialize(self):
+        self.__paths = []
+        if "DISTUTILS_USE_SDK" in os.environ and "MSSdk" in os.environ and self.find_exe("cl.exe"):
+            # Assume that the SDK set up everything alright; don't try to be
+            # smarter
+            self.cc = "cl.exe"
+            self.linker = "link.exe"
+            self.lib = "lib.exe"
+            self.rc = "rc.exe"
+            self.mc = "mc.exe"
+        else:
+            self.__paths = self.get_msvc_paths("path")
+
+            if len(self.__paths) == 0:
+                raise DistutilsPlatformError("Python was built with %s, "
+                       "and extensions need to be built with the same "
+                       "version of the compiler, but it isn't installed."
+                       % self.__product)
+
+            self.cc = self.find_exe("cl.exe")
+            self.linker = self.find_exe("link.exe")
+            self.lib = self.find_exe("lib.exe")
+            self.rc = self.find_exe("rc.exe")   # resource compiler
+            self.mc = self.find_exe("mc.exe")   # message compiler
+            self.set_path_env_var('lib')
+            self.set_path_env_var('include')
+
+        # extend the MSVC path with the current path
+        try:
+            for p in os.environ['path'].split(';'):
+                self.__paths.append(p)
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        self.__paths = normalize_and_reduce_paths(self.__paths)
+        os.environ['path'] = ";".join(self.__paths)
+
+        self.preprocess_options = None
+        if self.__arch == "Intel":
+            self.compile_options = [ '/nologo', '/O2', '/MD', '/W3', '/GX' ,
+                                     '/DNDEBUG']
+            self.compile_options_debug = ['/nologo', '/Od', '/MDd', '/W3', '/GX',
+                                          '/Z7', '/D_DEBUG']
+        else:
+            # Win64
+            self.compile_options = [ '/nologo', '/O2', '/MD', '/W3', '/GS-' ,
+                                     '/DNDEBUG']
+            self.compile_options_debug = ['/nologo', '/Od', '/MDd', '/W3', '/GS-',
+                                          '/Z7', '/D_DEBUG']
+
+        self.ldflags_shared = ['/DLL', '/nologo', '/INCREMENTAL:NO']
+        if self.__version >= 7:
+            self.ldflags_shared_debug = [
+                '/DLL', '/nologo', '/INCREMENTAL:no', '/DEBUG'
+                ]
+        else:
+            self.ldflags_shared_debug = [
+                '/DLL', '/nologo', '/INCREMENTAL:no', '/pdb:None', '/DEBUG'
+                ]
+        self.ldflags_static = [ '/nologo']
+
+        self.initialized = True
+
+    # -- Worker methods ------------------------------------------------
+
+    def object_filenames(self,
+                         source_filenames,
+                         strip_dir=0,
+                         output_dir=''):
+        # Copied from ccompiler.py, extended to return .res as 'object'-file
+        # for .rc input file
+        if output_dir is None: output_dir = ''
+        obj_names = []
+        for src_name in source_filenames:
+            (base, ext) = os.path.splitext (src_name)
+            base = os.path.splitdrive(base)[1] # Chop off the drive
+            base = base[os.path.isabs(base):]  # If abs, chop off leading /
+            if ext not in self.src_extensions:
+                # Better to raise an exception instead of silently continuing
+                # and later complain about sources and targets having
+                # different lengths
+                raise CompileError ("Don't know how to compile %s" % src_name)
+            if strip_dir:
+                base = os.path.basename (base)
+            if ext in self._rc_extensions:
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join (output_dir,
+                                                base + self.res_extension))
+            elif ext in self._mc_extensions:
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join (output_dir,
+                                                base + self.res_extension))
+            else:
+                obj_names.append (os.path.join (output_dir,
+                                                base + self.obj_extension))
+        return obj_names
+
+
+    def compile(self, sources,
+                output_dir=None, macros=None, include_dirs=None, debug=0,
+                extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None, depends=None):
+
+        if not self.initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        compile_info = self._setup_compile(output_dir, macros, include_dirs,
+                                           sources, depends, extra_postargs)
+        macros, objects, extra_postargs, pp_opts, build = compile_info
+
+        compile_opts = extra_preargs or []
+        compile_opts.append ('/c')
+        if debug:
+            compile_opts.extend(self.compile_options_debug)
+        else:
+            compile_opts.extend(self.compile_options)
+
+        for obj in objects:
+            try:
+                src, ext = build[obj]
+            except KeyError:
+                continue
+            if debug:
+                # pass the full pathname to MSVC in debug mode,
+                # this allows the debugger to find the source file
+                # without asking the user to browse for it
+                src = os.path.abspath(src)
+
+            if ext in self._c_extensions:
+                input_opt = "/Tc" + src
+            elif ext in self._cpp_extensions:
+                input_opt = "/Tp" + src
+            elif ext in self._rc_extensions:
+                # compile .RC to .RES file
+                input_opt = src
+                output_opt = "/fo" + obj
+                try:
+                    self.spawn([self.rc] + pp_opts +
+                               [output_opt] + [input_opt])
+                except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                    raise CompileError(msg)
+                continue
+            elif ext in self._mc_extensions:
+                # Compile .MC to .RC file to .RES file.
+                #   * '-h dir' specifies the directory for the
+                #     generated include file
+                #   * '-r dir' specifies the target directory of the
+                #     generated RC file and the binary message resource
+                #     it includes
+                #
+                # For now (since there are no options to change this),
+                # we use the source-directory for the include file and
+                # the build directory for the RC file and message
+                # resources. This works at least for win32all.
+                h_dir = os.path.dirname(src)
+                rc_dir = os.path.dirname(obj)
+                try:
+                    # first compile .MC to .RC and .H file
+                    self.spawn([self.mc] +
+                               ['-h', h_dir, '-r', rc_dir] + [src])
+                    base, _ = os.path.splitext (os.path.basename (src))
+                    rc_file = os.path.join (rc_dir, base + '.rc')
+                    # then compile .RC to .RES file
+                    self.spawn([self.rc] +
+                               ["/fo" + obj] + [rc_file])
+
+                except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                    raise CompileError(msg)
+                continue
+            else:
+                # how to handle this file?
+                raise CompileError("Don't know how to compile %s to %s"
+                                   % (src, obj))
+
+            output_opt = "/Fo" + obj
+            try:
+                self.spawn([self.cc] + compile_opts + pp_opts +
+                           [input_opt, output_opt] +
+                           extra_postargs)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise CompileError(msg)
+
+        return objects
+
+
+    def create_static_lib(self,
+                          objects,
+                          output_libname,
+                          output_dir=None,
+                          debug=0,
+                          target_lang=None):
+
+        if not self.initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        (objects, output_dir) = self._fix_object_args(objects, output_dir)
+        output_filename = self.library_filename(output_libname,
+                                                output_dir=output_dir)
+
+        if self._need_link(objects, output_filename):
+            lib_args = objects + ['/OUT:' + output_filename]
+            if debug:
+                pass # XXX what goes here?
+            try:
+                self.spawn([self.lib] + lib_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise LibError(msg)
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+
+    def link(self,
+             target_desc,
+             objects,
+             output_filename,
+             output_dir=None,
+             libraries=None,
+             library_dirs=None,
+             runtime_library_dirs=None,
+             export_symbols=None,
+             debug=0,
+             extra_preargs=None,
+             extra_postargs=None,
+             build_temp=None,
+             target_lang=None):
+
+        if not self.initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        (objects, output_dir) = self._fix_object_args(objects, output_dir)
+        fixed_args = self._fix_lib_args(libraries, library_dirs,
+                                        runtime_library_dirs)
+        (libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs) = fixed_args
+
+        if runtime_library_dirs:
+            self.warn ("I don't know what to do with 'runtime_library_dirs': "
+                       + str (runtime_library_dirs))
+
+        lib_opts = gen_lib_options(self,
+                                   library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs,
+                                   libraries)
+        if output_dir is not None:
+            output_filename = os.path.join(output_dir, output_filename)
+
+        if self._need_link(objects, output_filename):
+            if target_desc == CCompiler.EXECUTABLE:
+                if debug:
+                    ldflags = self.ldflags_shared_debug[1:]
+                else:
+                    ldflags = self.ldflags_shared[1:]
+            else:
+                if debug:
+                    ldflags = self.ldflags_shared_debug
+                else:
+                    ldflags = self.ldflags_shared
+
+            export_opts = []
+            for sym in (export_symbols or []):
+                export_opts.append("/EXPORT:" + sym)
+
+            ld_args = (ldflags + lib_opts + export_opts +
+                       objects + ['/OUT:' + output_filename])
+
+            # The MSVC linker generates .lib and .exp files, which cannot be
+            # suppressed by any linker switches. The .lib files may even be
+            # needed! Make sure they are generated in the temporary build
+            # directory. Since they have different names for debug and release
+            # builds, they can go into the same directory.
+            if export_symbols is not None:
+                (dll_name, dll_ext) = os.path.splitext(
+                    os.path.basename(output_filename))
+                implib_file = os.path.join(
+                    os.path.dirname(objects[0]),
+                    self.library_filename(dll_name))
+                ld_args.append ('/IMPLIB:' + implib_file)
+
+            if extra_preargs:
+                ld_args[:0] = extra_preargs
+            if extra_postargs:
+                ld_args.extend(extra_postargs)
+
+            self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(output_filename))
+            try:
+                self.spawn([self.linker] + ld_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise LinkError(msg)
+
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+
+    # -- Miscellaneous methods -----------------------------------------
+    # These are all used by the 'gen_lib_options() function, in
+    # ccompiler.py.
+
+    def library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        return "/LIBPATH:" + dir
+
+    def runtime_library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+              "don't know how to set runtime library search path for MSVC++")
+
+    def library_option(self, lib):
+        return self.library_filename(lib)
+
+
+    def find_library_file(self, dirs, lib, debug=0):
+        # Prefer a debugging library if found (and requested), but deal
+        # with it if we don't have one.
+        if debug:
+            try_names = [lib + "_d", lib]
+        else:
+            try_names = [lib]
+        for dir in dirs:
+            for name in try_names:
+                libfile = os.path.join(dir, self.library_filename (name))
+                if os.path.exists(libfile):
+                    return libfile
+        else:
+            # Oops, didn't find it in *any* of 'dirs'
+            return None
+
+    # Helper methods for using the MSVC registry settings
+
+    def find_exe(self, exe):
+        """Return path to an MSVC executable program.
+
+        Tries to find the program in several places: first, one of the
+        MSVC program search paths from the registry; next, the directories
+        in the PATH environment variable.  If any of those work, return an
+        absolute path that is known to exist.  If none of them work, just
+        return the original program name, 'exe'.
+        """
+        for p in self.__paths:
+            fn = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(p), exe)
+            if os.path.isfile(fn):
+                return fn
+
+        # didn't find it; try existing path
+        for p in os.environ['Path'].split(';'):
+            fn = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(p),exe)
+            if os.path.isfile(fn):
+                return fn
+
+        return exe
+
+    def get_msvc_paths(self, path, platform='x86'):
+        """Get a list of devstudio directories (include, lib or path).
+
+        Return a list of strings.  The list will be empty if unable to
+        access the registry or appropriate registry keys not found.
+        """
+        if not _can_read_reg:
+            return []
+
+        path = path + " dirs"
+        if self.__version >= 7:
+            key = (r"%s\%0.1f\VC\VC_OBJECTS_PLATFORM_INFO\Win32\Directories"
+                   % (self.__root, self.__version))
+        else:
+            key = (r"%s\6.0\Build System\Components\Platforms"
+                   r"\Win32 (%s)\Directories" % (self.__root, platform))
+
+        for base in HKEYS:
+            d = read_values(base, key)
+            if d:
+                if self.__version >= 7:
+                    return self.__macros.sub(d[path]).split(";")
+                else:
+                    return d[path].split(";")
+        # MSVC 6 seems to create the registry entries we need only when
+        # the GUI is run.
+        if self.__version == 6:
+            for base in HKEYS:
+                if read_values(base, r"%s\6.0" % self.__root) is not None:
+                    self.warn("It seems you have Visual Studio 6 installed, "
+                        "but the expected registry settings are not present.\n"
+                        "You must at least run the Visual Studio GUI once "
+                        "so that these entries are created.")
+                    break
+        return []
+
+    def set_path_env_var(self, name):
+        """Set environment variable 'name' to an MSVC path type value.
+
+        This is equivalent to a SET command prior to execution of spawned
+        commands.
+        """
+
+        if name == "lib":
+            p = self.get_msvc_paths("library")
+        else:
+            p = self.get_msvc_paths(name)
+        if p:
+            os.environ[name] = ';'.join(p)
+
+
+if get_build_version() >= 8.0:
+    log.debug("Importing new compiler from distutils.msvc9compiler")
+    OldMSVCCompiler = MSVCCompiler
+    from distutils.msvc9compiler import MSVCCompiler
+    # get_build_architecture not really relevant now we support cross-compile
+    from distutils.msvc9compiler import MacroExpander
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/py35compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/py35compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79b2e7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/py35compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import sys
+import subprocess
+
+
+def __optim_args_from_interpreter_flags():
+    """Return a list of command-line arguments reproducing the current
+    optimization settings in sys.flags."""
+    args = []
+    value = sys.flags.optimize
+    if value > 0:
+        args.append("-" + "O" * value)
+    return args
+
+
+_optim_args_from_interpreter_flags = getattr(
+    subprocess,
+    "_optim_args_from_interpreter_flags",
+    __optim_args_from_interpreter_flags,
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/py38compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/py38compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7dbe8ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/py38compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+def aix_platform(osname, version, release):
+    try:
+        import _aix_support
+        return _aix_support.aix_platform()
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    return "%s-%s.%s" % (osname, version, release)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/spawn.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/spawn.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e1c89f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/spawn.py
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+"""distutils.spawn
+
+Provides the 'spawn()' function, a front-end to various platform-
+specific functions for launching another program in a sub-process.
+Also provides the 'find_executable()' to search the path for a given
+executable name.
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+import subprocess
+
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsPlatformError, DistutilsExecError
+from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+from distutils import log
+
+
+def spawn(cmd, search_path=1, verbose=0, dry_run=0, env=None):
+    """Run another program, specified as a command list 'cmd', in a new process.
+
+    'cmd' is just the argument list for the new process, ie.
+    cmd[0] is the program to run and cmd[1:] are the rest of its arguments.
+    There is no way to run a program with a name different from that of its
+    executable.
+
+    If 'search_path' is true (the default), the system's executable
+    search path will be used to find the program; otherwise, cmd[0]
+    must be the exact path to the executable.  If 'dry_run' is true,
+    the command will not actually be run.
+
+    Raise DistutilsExecError if running the program fails in any way; just
+    return on success.
+    """
+    # cmd is documented as a list, but just in case some code passes a tuple
+    # in, protect our %-formatting code against horrible death
+    cmd = list(cmd)
+
+    log.info(subprocess.list2cmdline(cmd))
+    if dry_run:
+        return
+
+    if search_path:
+        executable = find_executable(cmd[0])
+        if executable is not None:
+            cmd[0] = executable
+
+    env = env if env is not None else dict(os.environ)
+
+    if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+        from distutils.util import MACOSX_VERSION_VAR, get_macosx_target_ver
+        macosx_target_ver = get_macosx_target_ver()
+        if macosx_target_ver:
+            env[MACOSX_VERSION_VAR] = macosx_target_ver
+
+    try:
+        proc = subprocess.Popen(cmd, env=env)
+        proc.wait()
+        exitcode = proc.returncode
+    except OSError as exc:
+        if not DEBUG:
+            cmd = cmd[0]
+        raise DistutilsExecError(
+            "command %r failed: %s" % (cmd, exc.args[-1])) from exc
+
+    if exitcode:
+        if not DEBUG:
+            cmd = cmd[0]
+        raise DistutilsExecError(
+              "command %r failed with exit code %s" % (cmd, exitcode))
+
+
+def find_executable(executable, path=None):
+    """Tries to find 'executable' in the directories listed in 'path'.
+
+    A string listing directories separated by 'os.pathsep'; defaults to
+    os.environ['PATH'].  Returns the complete filename or None if not found.
+    """
+    _, ext = os.path.splitext(executable)
+    if (sys.platform == 'win32') and (ext != '.exe'):
+        executable = executable + '.exe'
+
+    if os.path.isfile(executable):
+        return executable
+
+    if path is None:
+        path = os.environ.get('PATH', None)
+        if path is None:
+            try:
+                path = os.confstr("CS_PATH")
+            except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+                # os.confstr() or CS_PATH is not available
+                path = os.defpath
+        # bpo-35755: Don't use os.defpath if the PATH environment variable is
+        # set to an empty string
+
+    # PATH='' doesn't match, whereas PATH=':' looks in the current directory
+    if not path:
+        return None
+
+    paths = path.split(os.pathsep)
+    for p in paths:
+        f = os.path.join(p, executable)
+        if os.path.isfile(f):
+            # the file exists, we have a shot at spawn working
+            return f
+    return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/sysconfig.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/sysconfig.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a77a43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/sysconfig.py
@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+"""Provide access to Python's configuration information.  The specific
+configuration variables available depend heavily on the platform and
+configuration.  The values may be retrieved using
+get_config_var(name), and the list of variables is available via
+get_config_vars().keys().  Additional convenience functions are also
+available.
+
+Written by:   Fred L. Drake, Jr.
+Email:        <fdrake@acm.org>
+"""
+
+import _imp
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+
+from .errors import DistutilsPlatformError
+
+IS_PYPY = '__pypy__' in sys.builtin_module_names
+
+# These are needed in a couple of spots, so just compute them once.
+PREFIX = os.path.normpath(sys.prefix)
+EXEC_PREFIX = os.path.normpath(sys.exec_prefix)
+BASE_PREFIX = os.path.normpath(sys.base_prefix)
+BASE_EXEC_PREFIX = os.path.normpath(sys.base_exec_prefix)
+
+# Path to the base directory of the project. On Windows the binary may
+# live in project/PCbuild/win32 or project/PCbuild/amd64.
+# set for cross builds
+if "_PYTHON_PROJECT_BASE" in os.environ:
+    project_base = os.path.abspath(os.environ["_PYTHON_PROJECT_BASE"])
+else:
+    if sys.executable:
+        project_base = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.executable))
+    else:
+        # sys.executable can be empty if argv[0] has been changed and Python is
+        # unable to retrieve the real program name
+        project_base = os.getcwd()
+
+
+# python_build: (Boolean) if true, we're either building Python or
+# building an extension with an un-installed Python, so we use
+# different (hard-wired) directories.
+def _is_python_source_dir(d):
+    for fn in ("Setup", "Setup.local"):
+        if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(d, "Modules", fn)):
+            return True
+    return False
+
+_sys_home = getattr(sys, '_home', None)
+
+if os.name == 'nt':
+    def _fix_pcbuild(d):
+        if d and os.path.normcase(d).startswith(
+                os.path.normcase(os.path.join(PREFIX, "PCbuild"))):
+            return PREFIX
+        return d
+    project_base = _fix_pcbuild(project_base)
+    _sys_home = _fix_pcbuild(_sys_home)
+
+def _python_build():
+    if _sys_home:
+        return _is_python_source_dir(_sys_home)
+    return _is_python_source_dir(project_base)
+
+python_build = _python_build()
+
+
+# Calculate the build qualifier flags if they are defined.  Adding the flags
+# to the include and lib directories only makes sense for an installation, not
+# an in-source build.
+build_flags = ''
+try:
+    if not python_build:
+        build_flags = sys.abiflags
+except AttributeError:
+    # It's not a configure-based build, so the sys module doesn't have
+    # this attribute, which is fine.
+    pass
+
+def get_python_version():
+    """Return a string containing the major and minor Python version,
+    leaving off the patchlevel.  Sample return values could be '1.5'
+    or '2.2'.
+    """
+    return '%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2]
+
+
+def get_python_inc(plat_specific=0, prefix=None):
+    """Return the directory containing installed Python header files.
+
+    If 'plat_specific' is false (the default), this is the path to the
+    non-platform-specific header files, i.e. Python.h and so on;
+    otherwise, this is the path to platform-specific header files
+    (namely pyconfig.h).
+
+    If 'prefix' is supplied, use it instead of sys.base_prefix or
+    sys.base_exec_prefix -- i.e., ignore 'plat_specific'.
+    """
+    if prefix is None:
+        prefix = plat_specific and BASE_EXEC_PREFIX or BASE_PREFIX
+    if os.name == "posix":
+        if IS_PYPY and sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+            return os.path.join(prefix, 'include')
+        if python_build:
+            # Assume the executable is in the build directory.  The
+            # pyconfig.h file should be in the same directory.  Since
+            # the build directory may not be the source directory, we
+            # must use "srcdir" from the makefile to find the "Include"
+            # directory.
+            if plat_specific:
+                return _sys_home or project_base
+            else:
+                incdir = os.path.join(get_config_var('srcdir'), 'Include')
+                return os.path.normpath(incdir)
+        implementation = 'pypy' if IS_PYPY else 'python'
+        python_dir = implementation + get_python_version() + build_flags
+        return os.path.join(prefix, "include", python_dir)
+    elif os.name == "nt":
+        if python_build:
+            # Include both the include and PC dir to ensure we can find
+            # pyconfig.h
+            return (os.path.join(prefix, "include") + os.path.pathsep +
+                    os.path.join(prefix, "PC"))
+        return os.path.join(prefix, "include")
+    else:
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+            "I don't know where Python installs its C header files "
+            "on platform '%s'" % os.name)
+
+
+# allow this behavior to be monkey-patched. Ref pypa/distutils#2.
+def _posix_lib(standard_lib, libpython, early_prefix, prefix):
+    if standard_lib:
+        return libpython
+    else:
+        return os.path.join(libpython, "site-packages")
+
+
+def get_python_lib(plat_specific=0, standard_lib=0, prefix=None):
+    """Return the directory containing the Python library (standard or
+    site additions).
+
+    If 'plat_specific' is true, return the directory containing
+    platform-specific modules, i.e. any module from a non-pure-Python
+    module distribution; otherwise, return the platform-shared library
+    directory.  If 'standard_lib' is true, return the directory
+    containing standard Python library modules; otherwise, return the
+    directory for site-specific modules.
+
+    If 'prefix' is supplied, use it instead of sys.base_prefix or
+    sys.base_exec_prefix -- i.e., ignore 'plat_specific'.
+    """
+
+    if IS_PYPY and sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+        # PyPy-specific schema
+        if prefix is None:
+            prefix = PREFIX
+        if standard_lib:
+            return os.path.join(prefix, "lib-python", sys.version[0])
+        return os.path.join(prefix, 'site-packages')
+
+    early_prefix = prefix
+
+    if prefix is None:
+        if standard_lib:
+            prefix = plat_specific and BASE_EXEC_PREFIX or BASE_PREFIX
+        else:
+            prefix = plat_specific and EXEC_PREFIX or PREFIX
+
+    if os.name == "posix":
+        if plat_specific or standard_lib:
+            # Platform-specific modules (any module from a non-pure-Python
+            # module distribution) or standard Python library modules.
+            libdir = getattr(sys, "platlibdir", "lib")
+        else:
+            # Pure Python
+            libdir = "lib"
+        implementation = 'pypy' if IS_PYPY else 'python'
+        libpython = os.path.join(prefix, libdir,
+                                 implementation + get_python_version())
+        return _posix_lib(standard_lib, libpython, early_prefix, prefix)
+    elif os.name == "nt":
+        if standard_lib:
+            return os.path.join(prefix, "Lib")
+        else:
+            return os.path.join(prefix, "Lib", "site-packages")
+    else:
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+            "I don't know where Python installs its library "
+            "on platform '%s'" % os.name)
+
+
+
+def customize_compiler(compiler):
+    """Do any platform-specific customization of a CCompiler instance.
+
+    Mainly needed on Unix, so we can plug in the information that
+    varies across Unices and is stored in Python's Makefile.
+    """
+    if compiler.compiler_type == "unix":
+        if sys.platform == "darwin":
+            # Perform first-time customization of compiler-related
+            # config vars on OS X now that we know we need a compiler.
+            # This is primarily to support Pythons from binary
+            # installers.  The kind and paths to build tools on
+            # the user system may vary significantly from the system
+            # that Python itself was built on.  Also the user OS
+            # version and build tools may not support the same set
+            # of CPU architectures for universal builds.
+            global _config_vars
+            # Use get_config_var() to ensure _config_vars is initialized.
+            if not get_config_var('CUSTOMIZED_OSX_COMPILER'):
+                import _osx_support
+                _osx_support.customize_compiler(_config_vars)
+                _config_vars['CUSTOMIZED_OSX_COMPILER'] = 'True'
+
+        (cc, cxx, cflags, ccshared, ldshared, shlib_suffix, ar, ar_flags) = \
+            get_config_vars('CC', 'CXX', 'CFLAGS',
+                            'CCSHARED', 'LDSHARED', 'SHLIB_SUFFIX', 'AR', 'ARFLAGS')
+
+        if 'CC' in os.environ:
+            newcc = os.environ['CC']
+            if('LDSHARED' not in os.environ
+                    and ldshared.startswith(cc)):
+                # If CC is overridden, use that as the default
+                #       command for LDSHARED as well
+                ldshared = newcc + ldshared[len(cc):]
+            cc = newcc
+        if 'CXX' in os.environ:
+            cxx = os.environ['CXX']
+        if 'LDSHARED' in os.environ:
+            ldshared = os.environ['LDSHARED']
+        if 'CPP' in os.environ:
+            cpp = os.environ['CPP']
+        else:
+            cpp = cc + " -E"           # not always
+        if 'LDFLAGS' in os.environ:
+            ldshared = ldshared + ' ' + os.environ['LDFLAGS']
+        if 'CFLAGS' in os.environ:
+            cflags = cflags + ' ' + os.environ['CFLAGS']
+            ldshared = ldshared + ' ' + os.environ['CFLAGS']
+        if 'CPPFLAGS' in os.environ:
+            cpp = cpp + ' ' + os.environ['CPPFLAGS']
+            cflags = cflags + ' ' + os.environ['CPPFLAGS']
+            ldshared = ldshared + ' ' + os.environ['CPPFLAGS']
+        if 'AR' in os.environ:
+            ar = os.environ['AR']
+        if 'ARFLAGS' in os.environ:
+            archiver = ar + ' ' + os.environ['ARFLAGS']
+        else:
+            archiver = ar + ' ' + ar_flags
+
+        cc_cmd = cc + ' ' + cflags
+        compiler.set_executables(
+            preprocessor=cpp,
+            compiler=cc_cmd,
+            compiler_so=cc_cmd + ' ' + ccshared,
+            compiler_cxx=cxx,
+            linker_so=ldshared,
+            linker_exe=cc,
+            archiver=archiver)
+
+        if 'RANLIB' in os.environ and compiler.executables.get('ranlib', None):
+            compiler.set_executables(ranlib=os.environ['RANLIB'])
+
+        compiler.shared_lib_extension = shlib_suffix
+
+
+def get_config_h_filename():
+    """Return full pathname of installed pyconfig.h file."""
+    if python_build:
+        if os.name == "nt":
+            inc_dir = os.path.join(_sys_home or project_base, "PC")
+        else:
+            inc_dir = _sys_home or project_base
+        return os.path.join(inc_dir, 'pyconfig.h')
+    else:
+        return sysconfig.get_config_h_filename()
+
+
+
+def get_makefile_filename():
+    """Return full pathname of installed Makefile from the Python build."""
+    return sysconfig.get_makefile_filename()
+
+
+def parse_config_h(fp, g=None):
+    """Parse a config.h-style file.
+
+    A dictionary containing name/value pairs is returned.  If an
+    optional dictionary is passed in as the second argument, it is
+    used instead of a new dictionary.
+    """
+    return sysconfig.parse_config_h(fp, vars=g)
+
+
+# Regexes needed for parsing Makefile (and similar syntaxes,
+# like old-style Setup files).
+_variable_rx = re.compile(r"([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]+)\s*=\s*(.*)")
+_findvar1_rx = re.compile(r"\$\(([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*)\)")
+_findvar2_rx = re.compile(r"\${([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*)}")
+
+def parse_makefile(fn, g=None):
+    """Parse a Makefile-style file.
+
+    A dictionary containing name/value pairs is returned.  If an
+    optional dictionary is passed in as the second argument, it is
+    used instead of a new dictionary.
+    """
+    from distutils.text_file import TextFile
+    fp = TextFile(fn, strip_comments=1, skip_blanks=1, join_lines=1, errors="surrogateescape")
+
+    if g is None:
+        g = {}
+    done = {}
+    notdone = {}
+
+    while True:
+        line = fp.readline()
+        if line is None: # eof
+            break
+        m = _variable_rx.match(line)
+        if m:
+            n, v = m.group(1, 2)
+            v = v.strip()
+            # `$$' is a literal `$' in make
+            tmpv = v.replace('$$', '')
+
+            if "$" in tmpv:
+                notdone[n] = v
+            else:
+                try:
+                    v = int(v)
+                except ValueError:
+                    # insert literal `$'
+                    done[n] = v.replace('$$', '$')
+                else:
+                    done[n] = v
+
+    # Variables with a 'PY_' prefix in the makefile. These need to
+    # be made available without that prefix through sysconfig.
+    # Special care is needed to ensure that variable expansion works, even
+    # if the expansion uses the name without a prefix.
+    renamed_variables = ('CFLAGS', 'LDFLAGS', 'CPPFLAGS')
+
+    # do variable interpolation here
+    while notdone:
+        for name in list(notdone):
+            value = notdone[name]
+            m = _findvar1_rx.search(value) or _findvar2_rx.search(value)
+            if m:
+                n = m.group(1)
+                found = True
+                if n in done:
+                    item = str(done[n])
+                elif n in notdone:
+                    # get it on a subsequent round
+                    found = False
+                elif n in os.environ:
+                    # do it like make: fall back to environment
+                    item = os.environ[n]
+
+                elif n in renamed_variables:
+                    if name.startswith('PY_') and name[3:] in renamed_variables:
+                        item = ""
+
+                    elif 'PY_' + n in notdone:
+                        found = False
+
+                    else:
+                        item = str(done['PY_' + n])
+                else:
+                    done[n] = item = ""
+                if found:
+                    after = value[m.end():]
+                    value = value[:m.start()] + item + after
+                    if "$" in after:
+                        notdone[name] = value
+                    else:
+                        try: value = int(value)
+                        except ValueError:
+                            done[name] = value.strip()
+                        else:
+                            done[name] = value
+                        del notdone[name]
+
+                        if name.startswith('PY_') \
+                            and name[3:] in renamed_variables:
+
+                            name = name[3:]
+                            if name not in done:
+                                done[name] = value
+            else:
+                # bogus variable reference; just drop it since we can't deal
+                del notdone[name]
+
+    fp.close()
+
+    # strip spurious spaces
+    for k, v in done.items():
+        if isinstance(v, str):
+            done[k] = v.strip()
+
+    # save the results in the global dictionary
+    g.update(done)
+    return g
+
+
+def expand_makefile_vars(s, vars):
+    """Expand Makefile-style variables -- "${foo}" or "$(foo)" -- in
+    'string' according to 'vars' (a dictionary mapping variable names to
+    values).  Variables not present in 'vars' are silently expanded to the
+    empty string.  The variable values in 'vars' should not contain further
+    variable expansions; if 'vars' is the output of 'parse_makefile()',
+    you're fine.  Returns a variable-expanded version of 's'.
+    """
+
+    # This algorithm does multiple expansion, so if vars['foo'] contains
+    # "${bar}", it will expand ${foo} to ${bar}, and then expand
+    # ${bar}... and so forth.  This is fine as long as 'vars' comes from
+    # 'parse_makefile()', which takes care of such expansions eagerly,
+    # according to make's variable expansion semantics.
+
+    while True:
+        m = _findvar1_rx.search(s) or _findvar2_rx.search(s)
+        if m:
+            (beg, end) = m.span()
+            s = s[0:beg] + vars.get(m.group(1)) + s[end:]
+        else:
+            break
+    return s
+
+
+_config_vars = None
+
+
+_sysconfig_name_tmpl = '_sysconfigdata_{abi}_{platform}_{multiarch}'
+
+
+def _init_posix():
+    """Initialize the module as appropriate for POSIX systems."""
+    # _sysconfigdata is generated at build time, see the sysconfig module
+    name = os.environ.get(
+        '_PYTHON_SYSCONFIGDATA_NAME',
+        _sysconfig_name_tmpl.format(
+            abi=sys.abiflags,
+            platform=sys.platform,
+            multiarch=getattr(sys.implementation, '_multiarch', ''),
+        ),
+    )
+    try:
+        _temp = __import__(name, globals(), locals(), ['build_time_vars'], 0)
+    except ImportError:
+        # Python 3.5 and pypy 7.3.1
+        _temp = __import__(
+            '_sysconfigdata', globals(), locals(), ['build_time_vars'], 0)
+    build_time_vars = _temp.build_time_vars
+    global _config_vars
+    _config_vars = {}
+    _config_vars.update(build_time_vars)
+
+
+def _init_nt():
+    """Initialize the module as appropriate for NT"""
+    g = {}
+    # set basic install directories
+    g['LIBDEST'] = get_python_lib(plat_specific=0, standard_lib=1)
+    g['BINLIBDEST'] = get_python_lib(plat_specific=1, standard_lib=1)
+
+    # XXX hmmm.. a normal install puts include files here
+    g['INCLUDEPY'] = get_python_inc(plat_specific=0)
+
+    g['EXT_SUFFIX'] = _imp.extension_suffixes()[0]
+    g['EXE'] = ".exe"
+    g['VERSION'] = get_python_version().replace(".", "")
+    g['BINDIR'] = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.executable))
+
+    global _config_vars
+    _config_vars = g
+
+
+def get_config_vars(*args):
+    """With no arguments, return a dictionary of all configuration
+    variables relevant for the current platform.  Generally this includes
+    everything needed to build extensions and install both pure modules and
+    extensions.  On Unix, this means every variable defined in Python's
+    installed Makefile; on Windows it's a much smaller set.
+
+    With arguments, return a list of values that result from looking up
+    each argument in the configuration variable dictionary.
+    """
+    global _config_vars
+    if _config_vars is None:
+        func = globals().get("_init_" + os.name)
+        if func:
+            func()
+        else:
+            _config_vars = {}
+
+        # Normalized versions of prefix and exec_prefix are handy to have;
+        # in fact, these are the standard versions used most places in the
+        # Distutils.
+        _config_vars['prefix'] = PREFIX
+        _config_vars['exec_prefix'] = EXEC_PREFIX
+
+        if not IS_PYPY:
+            # For backward compatibility, see issue19555
+            SO = _config_vars.get('EXT_SUFFIX')
+            if SO is not None:
+                _config_vars['SO'] = SO
+
+            # Always convert srcdir to an absolute path
+            srcdir = _config_vars.get('srcdir', project_base)
+            if os.name == 'posix':
+                if python_build:
+                    # If srcdir is a relative path (typically '.' or '..')
+                    # then it should be interpreted relative to the directory
+                    # containing Makefile.
+                    base = os.path.dirname(get_makefile_filename())
+                    srcdir = os.path.join(base, srcdir)
+                else:
+                    # srcdir is not meaningful since the installation is
+                    # spread about the filesystem.  We choose the
+                    # directory containing the Makefile since we know it
+                    # exists.
+                    srcdir = os.path.dirname(get_makefile_filename())
+            _config_vars['srcdir'] = os.path.abspath(os.path.normpath(srcdir))
+
+            # Convert srcdir into an absolute path if it appears necessary.
+            # Normally it is relative to the build directory.  However, during
+            # testing, for example, we might be running a non-installed python
+            # from a different directory.
+            if python_build and os.name == "posix":
+                base = project_base
+                if (not os.path.isabs(_config_vars['srcdir']) and
+                    base != os.getcwd()):
+                    # srcdir is relative and we are not in the same directory
+                    # as the executable. Assume executable is in the build
+                    # directory and make srcdir absolute.
+                    srcdir = os.path.join(base, _config_vars['srcdir'])
+                    _config_vars['srcdir'] = os.path.normpath(srcdir)
+
+        # OS X platforms require special customization to handle
+        # multi-architecture, multi-os-version installers
+        if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            import _osx_support
+            _osx_support.customize_config_vars(_config_vars)
+
+    if args:
+        vals = []
+        for name in args:
+            vals.append(_config_vars.get(name))
+        return vals
+    else:
+        return _config_vars
+
+def get_config_var(name):
+    """Return the value of a single variable using the dictionary
+    returned by 'get_config_vars()'.  Equivalent to
+    get_config_vars().get(name)
+    """
+    if name == 'SO':
+        import warnings
+        warnings.warn('SO is deprecated, use EXT_SUFFIX', DeprecationWarning, 2)
+    return get_config_vars().get(name)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/text_file.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/text_file.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93abad3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/text_file.py
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+"""text_file
+
+provides the TextFile class, which gives an interface to text files
+that (optionally) takes care of stripping comments, ignoring blank
+lines, and joining lines with backslashes."""
+
+import sys, io
+
+
+class TextFile:
+    """Provides a file-like object that takes care of all the things you
+       commonly want to do when processing a text file that has some
+       line-by-line syntax: strip comments (as long as "#" is your
+       comment character), skip blank lines, join adjacent lines by
+       escaping the newline (ie. backslash at end of line), strip
+       leading and/or trailing whitespace.  All of these are optional
+       and independently controllable.
+
+       Provides a 'warn()' method so you can generate warning messages that
+       report physical line number, even if the logical line in question
+       spans multiple physical lines.  Also provides 'unreadline()' for
+       implementing line-at-a-time lookahead.
+
+       Constructor is called as:
+
+           TextFile (filename=None, file=None, **options)
+
+       It bombs (RuntimeError) if both 'filename' and 'file' are None;
+       'filename' should be a string, and 'file' a file object (or
+       something that provides 'readline()' and 'close()' methods).  It is
+       recommended that you supply at least 'filename', so that TextFile
+       can include it in warning messages.  If 'file' is not supplied,
+       TextFile creates its own using 'io.open()'.
+
+       The options are all boolean, and affect the value returned by
+       'readline()':
+         strip_comments [default: true]
+           strip from "#" to end-of-line, as well as any whitespace
+           leading up to the "#" -- unless it is escaped by a backslash
+         lstrip_ws [default: false]
+           strip leading whitespace from each line before returning it
+         rstrip_ws [default: true]
+           strip trailing whitespace (including line terminator!) from
+           each line before returning it
+         skip_blanks [default: true}
+           skip lines that are empty *after* stripping comments and
+           whitespace.  (If both lstrip_ws and rstrip_ws are false,
+           then some lines may consist of solely whitespace: these will
+           *not* be skipped, even if 'skip_blanks' is true.)
+         join_lines [default: false]
+           if a backslash is the last non-newline character on a line
+           after stripping comments and whitespace, join the following line
+           to it to form one "logical line"; if N consecutive lines end
+           with a backslash, then N+1 physical lines will be joined to
+           form one logical line.
+         collapse_join [default: false]
+           strip leading whitespace from lines that are joined to their
+           predecessor; only matters if (join_lines and not lstrip_ws)
+         errors [default: 'strict']
+           error handler used to decode the file content
+
+       Note that since 'rstrip_ws' can strip the trailing newline, the
+       semantics of 'readline()' must differ from those of the builtin file
+       object's 'readline()' method!  In particular, 'readline()' returns
+       None for end-of-file: an empty string might just be a blank line (or
+       an all-whitespace line), if 'rstrip_ws' is true but 'skip_blanks' is
+       not."""
+
+    default_options = { 'strip_comments': 1,
+                        'skip_blanks':    1,
+                        'lstrip_ws':      0,
+                        'rstrip_ws':      1,
+                        'join_lines':     0,
+                        'collapse_join':  0,
+                        'errors':         'strict',
+                      }
+
+    def __init__(self, filename=None, file=None, **options):
+        """Construct a new TextFile object.  At least one of 'filename'
+           (a string) and 'file' (a file-like object) must be supplied.
+           They keyword argument options are described above and affect
+           the values returned by 'readline()'."""
+        if filename is None and file is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("you must supply either or both of 'filename' and 'file'")
+
+        # set values for all options -- either from client option hash
+        # or fallback to default_options
+        for opt in self.default_options.keys():
+            if opt in options:
+                setattr(self, opt, options[opt])
+            else:
+                setattr(self, opt, self.default_options[opt])
+
+        # sanity check client option hash
+        for opt in options.keys():
+            if opt not in self.default_options:
+                raise KeyError("invalid TextFile option '%s'" % opt)
+
+        if file is None:
+            self.open(filename)
+        else:
+            self.filename = filename
+            self.file = file
+            self.current_line = 0       # assuming that file is at BOF!
+
+        # 'linebuf' is a stack of lines that will be emptied before we
+        # actually read from the file; it's only populated by an
+        # 'unreadline()' operation
+        self.linebuf = []
+
+    def open(self, filename):
+        """Open a new file named 'filename'.  This overrides both the
+           'filename' and 'file' arguments to the constructor."""
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.file = io.open(self.filename, 'r', errors=self.errors)
+        self.current_line = 0
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close the current file and forget everything we know about it
+           (filename, current line number)."""
+        file = self.file
+        self.file = None
+        self.filename = None
+        self.current_line = None
+        file.close()
+
+    def gen_error(self, msg, line=None):
+        outmsg = []
+        if line is None:
+            line = self.current_line
+        outmsg.append(self.filename + ", ")
+        if isinstance(line, (list, tuple)):
+            outmsg.append("lines %d-%d: " % tuple(line))
+        else:
+            outmsg.append("line %d: " % line)
+        outmsg.append(str(msg))
+        return "".join(outmsg)
+
+    def error(self, msg, line=None):
+        raise ValueError("error: " + self.gen_error(msg, line))
+
+    def warn(self, msg, line=None):
+        """Print (to stderr) a warning message tied to the current logical
+           line in the current file.  If the current logical line in the
+           file spans multiple physical lines, the warning refers to the
+           whole range, eg. "lines 3-5".  If 'line' supplied, it overrides
+           the current line number; it may be a list or tuple to indicate a
+           range of physical lines, or an integer for a single physical
+           line."""
+        sys.stderr.write("warning: " + self.gen_error(msg, line) + "\n")
+
+    def readline(self):
+        """Read and return a single logical line from the current file (or
+           from an internal buffer if lines have previously been "unread"
+           with 'unreadline()').  If the 'join_lines' option is true, this
+           may involve reading multiple physical lines concatenated into a
+           single string.  Updates the current line number, so calling
+           'warn()' after 'readline()' emits a warning about the physical
+           line(s) just read.  Returns None on end-of-file, since the empty
+           string can occur if 'rstrip_ws' is true but 'strip_blanks' is
+           not."""
+        # If any "unread" lines waiting in 'linebuf', return the top
+        # one.  (We don't actually buffer read-ahead data -- lines only
+        # get put in 'linebuf' if the client explicitly does an
+        # 'unreadline()'.
+        if self.linebuf:
+            line = self.linebuf[-1]
+            del self.linebuf[-1]
+            return line
+
+        buildup_line = ''
+
+        while True:
+            # read the line, make it None if EOF
+            line = self.file.readline()
+            if line == '':
+                line = None
+
+            if self.strip_comments and line:
+
+                # Look for the first "#" in the line.  If none, never
+                # mind.  If we find one and it's the first character, or
+                # is not preceded by "\", then it starts a comment --
+                # strip the comment, strip whitespace before it, and
+                # carry on.  Otherwise, it's just an escaped "#", so
+                # unescape it (and any other escaped "#"'s that might be
+                # lurking in there) and otherwise leave the line alone.
+
+                pos = line.find("#")
+                if pos == -1: # no "#" -- no comments
+                    pass
+
+                # It's definitely a comment -- either "#" is the first
+                # character, or it's elsewhere and unescaped.
+                elif pos == 0 or line[pos-1] != "\\":
+                    # Have to preserve the trailing newline, because it's
+                    # the job of a later step (rstrip_ws) to remove it --
+                    # and if rstrip_ws is false, we'd better preserve it!
+                    # (NB. this means that if the final line is all comment
+                    # and has no trailing newline, we will think that it's
+                    # EOF; I think that's OK.)
+                    eol = (line[-1] == '\n') and '\n' or ''
+                    line = line[0:pos] + eol
+
+                    # If all that's left is whitespace, then skip line
+                    # *now*, before we try to join it to 'buildup_line' --
+                    # that way constructs like
+                    #   hello \\
+                    #   # comment that should be ignored
+                    #   there
+                    # result in "hello there".
+                    if line.strip() == "":
+                        continue
+                else: # it's an escaped "#"
+                    line = line.replace("\\#", "#")
+
+            # did previous line end with a backslash? then accumulate
+            if self.join_lines and buildup_line:
+                # oops: end of file
+                if line is None:
+                    self.warn("continuation line immediately precedes "
+                              "end-of-file")
+                    return buildup_line
+
+                if self.collapse_join:
+                    line = line.lstrip()
+                line = buildup_line + line
+
+                # careful: pay attention to line number when incrementing it
+                if isinstance(self.current_line, list):
+                    self.current_line[1] = self.current_line[1] + 1
+                else:
+                    self.current_line = [self.current_line,
+                                         self.current_line + 1]
+            # just an ordinary line, read it as usual
+            else:
+                if line is None: # eof
+                    return None
+
+                # still have to be careful about incrementing the line number!
+                if isinstance(self.current_line, list):
+                    self.current_line = self.current_line[1] + 1
+                else:
+                    self.current_line = self.current_line + 1
+
+            # strip whitespace however the client wants (leading and
+            # trailing, or one or the other, or neither)
+            if self.lstrip_ws and self.rstrip_ws:
+                line = line.strip()
+            elif self.lstrip_ws:
+                line = line.lstrip()
+            elif self.rstrip_ws:
+                line = line.rstrip()
+
+            # blank line (whether we rstrip'ed or not)? skip to next line
+            # if appropriate
+            if (line == '' or line == '\n') and self.skip_blanks:
+                continue
+
+            if self.join_lines:
+                if line[-1] == '\\':
+                    buildup_line = line[:-1]
+                    continue
+
+                if line[-2:] == '\\\n':
+                    buildup_line = line[0:-2] + '\n'
+                    continue
+
+            # well, I guess there's some actual content there: return it
+            return line
+
+    def readlines(self):
+        """Read and return the list of all logical lines remaining in the
+           current file."""
+        lines = []
+        while True:
+            line = self.readline()
+            if line is None:
+                return lines
+            lines.append(line)
+
+    def unreadline(self, line):
+        """Push 'line' (a string) onto an internal buffer that will be
+           checked by future 'readline()' calls.  Handy for implementing
+           a parser with line-at-a-time lookahead."""
+        self.linebuf.append(line)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/unixccompiler.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/unixccompiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a07e598
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/unixccompiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
+"""distutils.unixccompiler
+
+Contains the UnixCCompiler class, a subclass of CCompiler that handles
+the "typical" Unix-style command-line C compiler:
+  * macros defined with -Dname[=value]
+  * macros undefined with -Uname
+  * include search directories specified with -Idir
+  * libraries specified with -lllib
+  * library search directories specified with -Ldir
+  * compile handled by 'cc' (or similar) executable with -c option:
+    compiles .c to .o
+  * link static library handled by 'ar' command (possibly with 'ranlib')
+  * link shared library handled by 'cc -shared'
+"""
+
+import os, sys, re, shlex
+
+from distutils import sysconfig
+from distutils.dep_util import newer
+from distutils.ccompiler import \
+     CCompiler, gen_preprocess_options, gen_lib_options
+from distutils.errors import \
+     DistutilsExecError, CompileError, LibError, LinkError
+from distutils import log
+
+if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+    import _osx_support
+
+# XXX Things not currently handled:
+#   * optimization/debug/warning flags; we just use whatever's in Python's
+#     Makefile and live with it.  Is this adequate?  If not, we might
+#     have to have a bunch of subclasses GNUCCompiler, SGICCompiler,
+#     SunCCompiler, and I suspect down that road lies madness.
+#   * even if we don't know a warning flag from an optimization flag,
+#     we need some way for outsiders to feed preprocessor/compiler/linker
+#     flags in to us -- eg. a sysadmin might want to mandate certain flags
+#     via a site config file, or a user might want to set something for
+#     compiling this module distribution only via the setup.py command
+#     line, whatever.  As long as these options come from something on the
+#     current system, they can be as system-dependent as they like, and we
+#     should just happily stuff them into the preprocessor/compiler/linker
+#     options and carry on.
+
+
+class UnixCCompiler(CCompiler):
+
+    compiler_type = 'unix'
+
+    # These are used by CCompiler in two places: the constructor sets
+    # instance attributes 'preprocessor', 'compiler', etc. from them, and
+    # 'set_executable()' allows any of these to be set.  The defaults here
+    # are pretty generic; they will probably have to be set by an outsider
+    # (eg. using information discovered by the sysconfig about building
+    # Python extensions).
+    executables = {'preprocessor' : None,
+                   'compiler'     : ["cc"],
+                   'compiler_so'  : ["cc"],
+                   'compiler_cxx' : ["cc"],
+                   'linker_so'    : ["cc", "-shared"],
+                   'linker_exe'   : ["cc"],
+                   'archiver'     : ["ar", "-cr"],
+                   'ranlib'       : None,
+                  }
+
+    if sys.platform[:6] == "darwin":
+        executables['ranlib'] = ["ranlib"]
+
+    # Needed for the filename generation methods provided by the base
+    # class, CCompiler.  NB. whoever instantiates/uses a particular
+    # UnixCCompiler instance should set 'shared_lib_ext' -- we set a
+    # reasonable common default here, but it's not necessarily used on all
+    # Unices!
+
+    src_extensions = [".c",".C",".cc",".cxx",".cpp",".m"]
+    obj_extension = ".o"
+    static_lib_extension = ".a"
+    shared_lib_extension = ".so"
+    dylib_lib_extension = ".dylib"
+    xcode_stub_lib_extension = ".tbd"
+    static_lib_format = shared_lib_format = dylib_lib_format = "lib%s%s"
+    xcode_stub_lib_format = dylib_lib_format
+    if sys.platform == "cygwin":
+        exe_extension = ".exe"
+
+    def preprocess(self, source, output_file=None, macros=None,
+                   include_dirs=None, extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None):
+        fixed_args = self._fix_compile_args(None, macros, include_dirs)
+        ignore, macros, include_dirs = fixed_args
+        pp_opts = gen_preprocess_options(macros, include_dirs)
+        pp_args = self.preprocessor + pp_opts
+        if output_file:
+            pp_args.extend(['-o', output_file])
+        if extra_preargs:
+            pp_args[:0] = extra_preargs
+        if extra_postargs:
+            pp_args.extend(extra_postargs)
+        pp_args.append(source)
+
+        # We need to preprocess: either we're being forced to, or we're
+        # generating output to stdout, or there's a target output file and
+        # the source file is newer than the target (or the target doesn't
+        # exist).
+        if self.force or output_file is None or newer(source, output_file):
+            if output_file:
+                self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(output_file))
+            try:
+                self.spawn(pp_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise CompileError(msg)
+
+    def _compile(self, obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts):
+        compiler_so = self.compiler_so
+        if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            compiler_so = _osx_support.compiler_fixup(compiler_so,
+                                                    cc_args + extra_postargs)
+        try:
+            self.spawn(compiler_so + cc_args + [src, '-o', obj] +
+                       extra_postargs)
+        except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+            raise CompileError(msg)
+
+    def create_static_lib(self, objects, output_libname,
+                          output_dir=None, debug=0, target_lang=None):
+        objects, output_dir = self._fix_object_args(objects, output_dir)
+
+        output_filename = \
+            self.library_filename(output_libname, output_dir=output_dir)
+
+        if self._need_link(objects, output_filename):
+            self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(output_filename))
+            self.spawn(self.archiver +
+                       [output_filename] +
+                       objects + self.objects)
+
+            # Not many Unices required ranlib anymore -- SunOS 4.x is, I
+            # think the only major Unix that does.  Maybe we need some
+            # platform intelligence here to skip ranlib if it's not
+            # needed -- or maybe Python's configure script took care of
+            # it for us, hence the check for leading colon.
+            if self.ranlib:
+                try:
+                    self.spawn(self.ranlib + [output_filename])
+                except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                    raise LibError(msg)
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+    def link(self, target_desc, objects,
+             output_filename, output_dir=None, libraries=None,
+             library_dirs=None, runtime_library_dirs=None,
+             export_symbols=None, debug=0, extra_preargs=None,
+             extra_postargs=None, build_temp=None, target_lang=None):
+        objects, output_dir = self._fix_object_args(objects, output_dir)
+        fixed_args = self._fix_lib_args(libraries, library_dirs,
+                                        runtime_library_dirs)
+        libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs = fixed_args
+
+        lib_opts = gen_lib_options(self, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs,
+                                   libraries)
+        if not isinstance(output_dir, (str, type(None))):
+            raise TypeError("'output_dir' must be a string or None")
+        if output_dir is not None:
+            output_filename = os.path.join(output_dir, output_filename)
+
+        if self._need_link(objects, output_filename):
+            ld_args = (objects + self.objects +
+                       lib_opts + ['-o', output_filename])
+            if debug:
+                ld_args[:0] = ['-g']
+            if extra_preargs:
+                ld_args[:0] = extra_preargs
+            if extra_postargs:
+                ld_args.extend(extra_postargs)
+            self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(output_filename))
+            try:
+                if target_desc == CCompiler.EXECUTABLE:
+                    linker = self.linker_exe[:]
+                else:
+                    linker = self.linker_so[:]
+                if target_lang == "c++" and self.compiler_cxx:
+                    # skip over environment variable settings if /usr/bin/env
+                    # is used to set up the linker's environment.
+                    # This is needed on OSX. Note: this assumes that the
+                    # normal and C++ compiler have the same environment
+                    # settings.
+                    i = 0
+                    if os.path.basename(linker[0]) == "env":
+                        i = 1
+                        while '=' in linker[i]:
+                            i += 1
+
+                    if os.path.basename(linker[i]) == 'ld_so_aix':
+                        # AIX platforms prefix the compiler with the ld_so_aix
+                        # script, so we need to adjust our linker index
+                        offset = 1
+                    else:
+                        offset = 0
+
+                    linker[i+offset] = self.compiler_cxx[i]
+
+                if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+                    linker = _osx_support.compiler_fixup(linker, ld_args)
+
+                self.spawn(linker + ld_args)
+            except DistutilsExecError as msg:
+                raise LinkError(msg)
+        else:
+            log.debug("skipping %s (up-to-date)", output_filename)
+
+    # -- Miscellaneous methods -----------------------------------------
+    # These are all used by the 'gen_lib_options() function, in
+    # ccompiler.py.
+
+    def library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        return "-L" + dir
+
+    def _is_gcc(self, compiler_name):
+        return "gcc" in compiler_name or "g++" in compiler_name
+
+    def runtime_library_dir_option(self, dir):
+        # XXX Hackish, at the very least.  See Python bug #445902:
+        # http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php
+        #   ?func=detail&aid=445902&group_id=5470&atid=105470
+        # Linkers on different platforms need different options to
+        # specify that directories need to be added to the list of
+        # directories searched for dependencies when a dynamic library
+        # is sought.  GCC on GNU systems (Linux, FreeBSD, ...) has to
+        # be told to pass the -R option through to the linker, whereas
+        # other compilers and gcc on other systems just know this.
+        # Other compilers may need something slightly different.  At
+        # this time, there's no way to determine this information from
+        # the configuration data stored in the Python installation, so
+        # we use this hack.
+        compiler = os.path.basename(shlex.split(sysconfig.get_config_var("CC"))[0])
+        if sys.platform[:6] == "darwin":
+            from distutils.util import get_macosx_target_ver, split_version
+            macosx_target_ver = get_macosx_target_ver()
+            if macosx_target_ver and split_version(macosx_target_ver) >= [10, 5]:
+                return "-Wl,-rpath," + dir
+            else: # no support for -rpath on earlier macOS versions
+                return "-L" + dir
+        elif sys.platform[:7] == "freebsd":
+            return "-Wl,-rpath=" + dir
+        elif sys.platform[:5] == "hp-ux":
+            if self._is_gcc(compiler):
+                return ["-Wl,+s", "-L" + dir]
+            return ["+s", "-L" + dir]
+
+        # For all compilers, `-Wl` is the presumed way to
+        # pass a compiler option to the linker and `-R` is
+        # the way to pass an RPATH.
+        if sysconfig.get_config_var("GNULD") == "yes":
+            # GNU ld needs an extra option to get a RUNPATH
+            # instead of just an RPATH.
+            return "-Wl,--enable-new-dtags,-R" + dir
+        else:
+            return "-Wl,-R" + dir
+
+    def library_option(self, lib):
+        return "-l" + lib
+
+    def find_library_file(self, dirs, lib, debug=0):
+        shared_f = self.library_filename(lib, lib_type='shared')
+        dylib_f = self.library_filename(lib, lib_type='dylib')
+        xcode_stub_f = self.library_filename(lib, lib_type='xcode_stub')
+        static_f = self.library_filename(lib, lib_type='static')
+
+        if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            # On OSX users can specify an alternate SDK using
+            # '-isysroot', calculate the SDK root if it is specified
+            # (and use it further on)
+            #
+            # Note that, as of Xcode 7, Apple SDKs may contain textual stub
+            # libraries with .tbd extensions rather than the normal .dylib
+            # shared libraries installed in /.  The Apple compiler tool
+            # chain handles this transparently but it can cause problems
+            # for programs that are being built with an SDK and searching
+            # for specific libraries.  Callers of find_library_file need to
+            # keep in mind that the base filename of the returned SDK library
+            # file might have a different extension from that of the library
+            # file installed on the running system, for example:
+            #   /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/
+            #       MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/
+            #       usr/lib/libedit.tbd
+            # vs
+            #   /usr/lib/libedit.dylib
+            cflags = sysconfig.get_config_var('CFLAGS')
+            m = re.search(r'-isysroot\s*(\S+)', cflags)
+            if m is None:
+                sysroot = '/'
+            else:
+                sysroot = m.group(1)
+
+
+
+        for dir in dirs:
+            shared = os.path.join(dir, shared_f)
+            dylib = os.path.join(dir, dylib_f)
+            static = os.path.join(dir, static_f)
+            xcode_stub = os.path.join(dir, xcode_stub_f)
+
+            if sys.platform == 'darwin' and (
+                dir.startswith('/System/') or (
+                dir.startswith('/usr/') and not dir.startswith('/usr/local/'))):
+
+                shared = os.path.join(sysroot, dir[1:], shared_f)
+                dylib = os.path.join(sysroot, dir[1:], dylib_f)
+                static = os.path.join(sysroot, dir[1:], static_f)
+                xcode_stub = os.path.join(sysroot, dir[1:], xcode_stub_f)
+
+            # We're second-guessing the linker here, with not much hard
+            # data to go on: GCC seems to prefer the shared library, so I'm
+            # assuming that *all* Unix C compilers do.  And of course I'm
+            # ignoring even GCC's "-static" option.  So sue me.
+            if os.path.exists(dylib):
+                return dylib
+            elif os.path.exists(xcode_stub):
+                return xcode_stub
+            elif os.path.exists(shared):
+                return shared
+            elif os.path.exists(static):
+                return static
+
+        # Oops, didn't find it in *any* of 'dirs'
+        return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac6d446
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,548 @@
+"""distutils.util
+
+Miscellaneous utility functions -- anything that doesn't fit into
+one of the other *util.py modules.
+"""
+
+import os
+import re
+import importlib.util
+import string
+import sys
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsPlatformError
+from distutils.dep_util import newer
+from distutils.spawn import spawn
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsByteCompileError
+from .py35compat import _optim_args_from_interpreter_flags
+
+
+def get_host_platform():
+    """Return a string that identifies the current platform.  This is used mainly to
+    distinguish platform-specific build directories and platform-specific built
+    distributions.  Typically includes the OS name and version and the
+    architecture (as supplied by 'os.uname()'), although the exact information
+    included depends on the OS; eg. on Linux, the kernel version isn't
+    particularly important.
+
+    Examples of returned values:
+       linux-i586
+       linux-alpha (?)
+       solaris-2.6-sun4u
+
+    Windows will return one of:
+       win-amd64 (64bit Windows on AMD64 (aka x86_64, Intel64, EM64T, etc)
+       win32 (all others - specifically, sys.platform is returned)
+
+    For other non-POSIX platforms, currently just returns 'sys.platform'.
+
+    """
+    if os.name == 'nt':
+        if 'amd64' in sys.version.lower():
+            return 'win-amd64'
+        if '(arm)' in sys.version.lower():
+            return 'win-arm32'
+        if '(arm64)' in sys.version.lower():
+            return 'win-arm64'
+        return sys.platform
+
+    # Set for cross builds explicitly
+    if "_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM" in os.environ:
+        return os.environ["_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM"]
+
+    if os.name != "posix" or not hasattr(os, 'uname'):
+        # XXX what about the architecture? NT is Intel or Alpha,
+        # Mac OS is M68k or PPC, etc.
+        return sys.platform
+
+    # Try to distinguish various flavours of Unix
+
+    (osname, host, release, version, machine) = os.uname()
+
+    # Convert the OS name to lowercase, remove '/' characters, and translate
+    # spaces (for "Power Macintosh")
+    osname = osname.lower().replace('/', '')
+    machine = machine.replace(' ', '_')
+    machine = machine.replace('/', '-')
+
+    if osname[:5] == "linux":
+        # At least on Linux/Intel, 'machine' is the processor --
+        # i386, etc.
+        # XXX what about Alpha, SPARC, etc?
+        return  "%s-%s" % (osname, machine)
+    elif osname[:5] == "sunos":
+        if release[0] >= "5":           # SunOS 5 == Solaris 2
+            osname = "solaris"
+            release = "%d.%s" % (int(release[0]) - 3, release[2:])
+            # We can't use "platform.architecture()[0]" because a
+            # bootstrap problem. We use a dict to get an error
+            # if some suspicious happens.
+            bitness = {2147483647:"32bit", 9223372036854775807:"64bit"}
+            machine += ".%s" % bitness[sys.maxsize]
+        # fall through to standard osname-release-machine representation
+    elif osname[:3] == "aix":
+        from .py38compat import aix_platform
+        return aix_platform(osname, version, release)
+    elif osname[:6] == "cygwin":
+        osname = "cygwin"
+        rel_re = re.compile (r'[\d.]+', re.ASCII)
+        m = rel_re.match(release)
+        if m:
+            release = m.group()
+    elif osname[:6] == "darwin":
+        import _osx_support, distutils.sysconfig
+        osname, release, machine = _osx_support.get_platform_osx(
+                                        distutils.sysconfig.get_config_vars(),
+                                        osname, release, machine)
+
+    return "%s-%s-%s" % (osname, release, machine)
+
+def get_platform():
+    if os.name == 'nt':
+        TARGET_TO_PLAT = {
+            'x86' : 'win32',
+            'x64' : 'win-amd64',
+            'arm' : 'win-arm32',
+            'arm64': 'win-arm64',
+        }
+        return TARGET_TO_PLAT.get(os.environ.get('VSCMD_ARG_TGT_ARCH')) or get_host_platform()
+    else:
+        return get_host_platform()
+
+
+if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+    _syscfg_macosx_ver = None # cache the version pulled from sysconfig
+MACOSX_VERSION_VAR = 'MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET'
+
+def _clear_cached_macosx_ver():
+    """For testing only. Do not call."""
+    global _syscfg_macosx_ver
+    _syscfg_macosx_ver = None
+
+def get_macosx_target_ver_from_syscfg():
+    """Get the version of macOS latched in the Python interpreter configuration.
+    Returns the version as a string or None if can't obtain one. Cached."""
+    global _syscfg_macosx_ver
+    if _syscfg_macosx_ver is None:
+        from distutils import sysconfig
+        ver = sysconfig.get_config_var(MACOSX_VERSION_VAR) or ''
+        if ver:
+            _syscfg_macosx_ver = ver
+    return _syscfg_macosx_ver
+
+def get_macosx_target_ver():
+    """Return the version of macOS for which we are building.
+
+    The target version defaults to the version in sysconfig latched at time
+    the Python interpreter was built, unless overridden by an environment
+    variable. If neither source has a value, then None is returned"""
+
+    syscfg_ver = get_macosx_target_ver_from_syscfg()
+    env_ver = os.environ.get(MACOSX_VERSION_VAR)
+
+    if env_ver:
+        # Validate overridden version against sysconfig version, if have both.
+        # Ensure that the deployment target of the build process is not less
+        # than 10.3 if the interpreter was built for 10.3 or later.  This
+        # ensures extension modules are built with correct compatibility
+        # values, specifically LDSHARED which can use
+        # '-undefined dynamic_lookup' which only works on >= 10.3.
+        if syscfg_ver and split_version(syscfg_ver) >= [10, 3] and \
+            split_version(env_ver) < [10, 3]:
+            my_msg = ('$' + MACOSX_VERSION_VAR + ' mismatch: '
+                      'now "%s" but "%s" during configure; '
+                      'must use 10.3 or later'
+                      % (env_ver, syscfg_ver))
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError(my_msg)
+        return env_ver
+    return syscfg_ver
+
+
+def split_version(s):
+    """Convert a dot-separated string into a list of numbers for comparisons"""
+    return [int(n) for n in s.split('.')]
+
+
+def convert_path (pathname):
+    """Return 'pathname' as a name that will work on the native filesystem,
+    i.e. split it on '/' and put it back together again using the current
+    directory separator.  Needed because filenames in the setup script are
+    always supplied in Unix style, and have to be converted to the local
+    convention before we can actually use them in the filesystem.  Raises
+    ValueError on non-Unix-ish systems if 'pathname' either starts or
+    ends with a slash.
+    """
+    if os.sep == '/':
+        return pathname
+    if not pathname:
+        return pathname
+    if pathname[0] == '/':
+        raise ValueError("path '%s' cannot be absolute" % pathname)
+    if pathname[-1] == '/':
+        raise ValueError("path '%s' cannot end with '/'" % pathname)
+
+    paths = pathname.split('/')
+    while '.' in paths:
+        paths.remove('.')
+    if not paths:
+        return os.curdir
+    return os.path.join(*paths)
+
+# convert_path ()
+
+
+def change_root (new_root, pathname):
+    """Return 'pathname' with 'new_root' prepended.  If 'pathname' is
+    relative, this is equivalent to "os.path.join(new_root,pathname)".
+    Otherwise, it requires making 'pathname' relative and then joining the
+    two, which is tricky on DOS/Windows and Mac OS.
+    """
+    if os.name == 'posix':
+        if not os.path.isabs(pathname):
+            return os.path.join(new_root, pathname)
+        else:
+            return os.path.join(new_root, pathname[1:])
+
+    elif os.name == 'nt':
+        (drive, path) = os.path.splitdrive(pathname)
+        if path[0] == '\\':
+            path = path[1:]
+        return os.path.join(new_root, path)
+
+    else:
+        raise DistutilsPlatformError("nothing known about platform '%s'" % os.name)
+
+
+_environ_checked = 0
+def check_environ ():
+    """Ensure that 'os.environ' has all the environment variables we
+    guarantee that users can use in config files, command-line options,
+    etc.  Currently this includes:
+      HOME - user's home directory (Unix only)
+      PLAT - description of the current platform, including hardware
+             and OS (see 'get_platform()')
+    """
+    global _environ_checked
+    if _environ_checked:
+        return
+
+    if os.name == 'posix' and 'HOME' not in os.environ:
+        try:
+            import pwd
+            os.environ['HOME'] = pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[5]
+        except (ImportError, KeyError):
+            # bpo-10496: if the current user identifier doesn't exist in the
+            # password database, do nothing
+            pass
+
+    if 'PLAT' not in os.environ:
+        os.environ['PLAT'] = get_platform()
+
+    _environ_checked = 1
+
+
+def subst_vars (s, local_vars):
+    """
+    Perform variable substitution on 'string'.
+    Variables are indicated by format-style braces ("{var}").
+    Variable is substituted by the value found in the 'local_vars'
+    dictionary or in 'os.environ' if it's not in 'local_vars'.
+    'os.environ' is first checked/augmented to guarantee that it contains
+    certain values: see 'check_environ()'.  Raise ValueError for any
+    variables not found in either 'local_vars' or 'os.environ'.
+    """
+    check_environ()
+    lookup = dict(os.environ)
+    lookup.update((name, str(value)) for name, value in local_vars.items())
+    try:
+        return _subst_compat(s).format_map(lookup)
+    except KeyError as var:
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid variable {var}")
+
+# subst_vars ()
+
+
+def _subst_compat(s):
+    """
+    Replace shell/Perl-style variable substitution with
+    format-style. For compatibility.
+    """
+    def _subst(match):
+        return f'{{{match.group(1)}}}'
+    repl = re.sub(r'\$([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)', _subst, s)
+    if repl != s:
+        import warnings
+        warnings.warn(
+            "shell/Perl-style substitions are deprecated",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+    return repl
+
+
+def grok_environment_error (exc, prefix="error: "):
+    # Function kept for backward compatibility.
+    # Used to try clever things with EnvironmentErrors,
+    # but nowadays str(exception) produces good messages.
+    return prefix + str(exc)
+
+
+# Needed by 'split_quoted()'
+_wordchars_re = _squote_re = _dquote_re = None
+def _init_regex():
+    global _wordchars_re, _squote_re, _dquote_re
+    _wordchars_re = re.compile(r'[^\\\'\"%s ]*' % string.whitespace)
+    _squote_re = re.compile(r"'(?:[^'\\]|\\.)*'")
+    _dquote_re = re.compile(r'"(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*"')
+
+def split_quoted (s):
+    """Split a string up according to Unix shell-like rules for quotes and
+    backslashes.  In short: words are delimited by spaces, as long as those
+    spaces are not escaped by a backslash, or inside a quoted string.
+    Single and double quotes are equivalent, and the quote characters can
+    be backslash-escaped.  The backslash is stripped from any two-character
+    escape sequence, leaving only the escaped character.  The quote
+    characters are stripped from any quoted string.  Returns a list of
+    words.
+    """
+
+    # This is a nice algorithm for splitting up a single string, since it
+    # doesn't require character-by-character examination.  It was a little
+    # bit of a brain-bender to get it working right, though...
+    if _wordchars_re is None: _init_regex()
+
+    s = s.strip()
+    words = []
+    pos = 0
+
+    while s:
+        m = _wordchars_re.match(s, pos)
+        end = m.end()
+        if end == len(s):
+            words.append(s[:end])
+            break
+
+        if s[end] in string.whitespace: # unescaped, unquoted whitespace: now
+            words.append(s[:end])       # we definitely have a word delimiter
+            s = s[end:].lstrip()
+            pos = 0
+
+        elif s[end] == '\\':            # preserve whatever is being escaped;
+                                        # will become part of the current word
+            s = s[:end] + s[end+1:]
+            pos = end+1
+
+        else:
+            if s[end] == "'":           # slurp singly-quoted string
+                m = _squote_re.match(s, end)
+            elif s[end] == '"':         # slurp doubly-quoted string
+                m = _dquote_re.match(s, end)
+            else:
+                raise RuntimeError("this can't happen (bad char '%c')" % s[end])
+
+            if m is None:
+                raise ValueError("bad string (mismatched %s quotes?)" % s[end])
+
+            (beg, end) = m.span()
+            s = s[:beg] + s[beg+1:end-1] + s[end:]
+            pos = m.end() - 2
+
+        if pos >= len(s):
+            words.append(s)
+            break
+
+    return words
+
+# split_quoted ()
+
+
+def execute (func, args, msg=None, verbose=0, dry_run=0):
+    """Perform some action that affects the outside world (eg.  by
+    writing to the filesystem).  Such actions are special because they
+    are disabled by the 'dry_run' flag.  This method takes care of all
+    that bureaucracy for you; all you have to do is supply the
+    function to call and an argument tuple for it (to embody the
+    "external action" being performed), and an optional message to
+    print.
+    """
+    if msg is None:
+        msg = "%s%r" % (func.__name__, args)
+        if msg[-2:] == ',)':        # correct for singleton tuple
+            msg = msg[0:-2] + ')'
+
+    log.info(msg)
+    if not dry_run:
+        func(*args)
+
+
+def strtobool (val):
+    """Convert a string representation of truth to true (1) or false (0).
+
+    True values are 'y', 'yes', 't', 'true', 'on', and '1'; false values
+    are 'n', 'no', 'f', 'false', 'off', and '0'.  Raises ValueError if
+    'val' is anything else.
+    """
+    val = val.lower()
+    if val in ('y', 'yes', 't', 'true', 'on', '1'):
+        return 1
+    elif val in ('n', 'no', 'f', 'false', 'off', '0'):
+        return 0
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("invalid truth value %r" % (val,))
+
+
+def byte_compile (py_files,
+                  optimize=0, force=0,
+                  prefix=None, base_dir=None,
+                  verbose=1, dry_run=0,
+                  direct=None):
+    """Byte-compile a collection of Python source files to .pyc
+    files in a __pycache__ subdirectory.  'py_files' is a list
+    of files to compile; any files that don't end in ".py" are silently
+    skipped.  'optimize' must be one of the following:
+      0 - don't optimize
+      1 - normal optimization (like "python -O")
+      2 - extra optimization (like "python -OO")
+    If 'force' is true, all files are recompiled regardless of
+    timestamps.
+
+    The source filename encoded in each bytecode file defaults to the
+    filenames listed in 'py_files'; you can modify these with 'prefix' and
+    'basedir'.  'prefix' is a string that will be stripped off of each
+    source filename, and 'base_dir' is a directory name that will be
+    prepended (after 'prefix' is stripped).  You can supply either or both
+    (or neither) of 'prefix' and 'base_dir', as you wish.
+
+    If 'dry_run' is true, doesn't actually do anything that would
+    affect the filesystem.
+
+    Byte-compilation is either done directly in this interpreter process
+    with the standard py_compile module, or indirectly by writing a
+    temporary script and executing it.  Normally, you should let
+    'byte_compile()' figure out to use direct compilation or not (see
+    the source for details).  The 'direct' flag is used by the script
+    generated in indirect mode; unless you know what you're doing, leave
+    it set to None.
+    """
+
+    # Late import to fix a bootstrap issue: _posixsubprocess is built by
+    # setup.py, but setup.py uses distutils.
+    import subprocess
+
+    # nothing is done if sys.dont_write_bytecode is True
+    if sys.dont_write_bytecode:
+        raise DistutilsByteCompileError('byte-compiling is disabled.')
+
+    # First, if the caller didn't force us into direct or indirect mode,
+    # figure out which mode we should be in.  We take a conservative
+    # approach: choose direct mode *only* if the current interpreter is
+    # in debug mode and optimize is 0.  If we're not in debug mode (-O
+    # or -OO), we don't know which level of optimization this
+    # interpreter is running with, so we can't do direct
+    # byte-compilation and be certain that it's the right thing.  Thus,
+    # always compile indirectly if the current interpreter is in either
+    # optimize mode, or if either optimization level was requested by
+    # the caller.
+    if direct is None:
+        direct = (__debug__ and optimize == 0)
+
+    # "Indirect" byte-compilation: write a temporary script and then
+    # run it with the appropriate flags.
+    if not direct:
+        try:
+            from tempfile import mkstemp
+            (script_fd, script_name) = mkstemp(".py")
+        except ImportError:
+            from tempfile import mktemp
+            (script_fd, script_name) = None, mktemp(".py")
+        log.info("writing byte-compilation script '%s'", script_name)
+        if not dry_run:
+            if script_fd is not None:
+                script = os.fdopen(script_fd, "w")
+            else:
+                script = open(script_name, "w")
+
+            with script:
+                script.write("""\
+from distutils.util import byte_compile
+files = [
+""")
+
+                # XXX would be nice to write absolute filenames, just for
+                # safety's sake (script should be more robust in the face of
+                # chdir'ing before running it).  But this requires abspath'ing
+                # 'prefix' as well, and that breaks the hack in build_lib's
+                # 'byte_compile()' method that carefully tacks on a trailing
+                # slash (os.sep really) to make sure the prefix here is "just
+                # right".  This whole prefix business is rather delicate -- the
+                # problem is that it's really a directory, but I'm treating it
+                # as a dumb string, so trailing slashes and so forth matter.
+
+                #py_files = map(os.path.abspath, py_files)
+                #if prefix:
+                #    prefix = os.path.abspath(prefix)
+
+                script.write(",\n".join(map(repr, py_files)) + "]\n")
+                script.write("""
+byte_compile(files, optimize=%r, force=%r,
+             prefix=%r, base_dir=%r,
+             verbose=%r, dry_run=0,
+             direct=1)
+""" % (optimize, force, prefix, base_dir, verbose))
+
+        cmd = [sys.executable]
+        cmd.extend(_optim_args_from_interpreter_flags())
+        cmd.append(script_name)
+        spawn(cmd, dry_run=dry_run)
+        execute(os.remove, (script_name,), "removing %s" % script_name,
+                dry_run=dry_run)
+
+    # "Direct" byte-compilation: use the py_compile module to compile
+    # right here, right now.  Note that the script generated in indirect
+    # mode simply calls 'byte_compile()' in direct mode, a weird sort of
+    # cross-process recursion.  Hey, it works!
+    else:
+        from py_compile import compile
+
+        for file in py_files:
+            if file[-3:] != ".py":
+                # This lets us be lazy and not filter filenames in
+                # the "install_lib" command.
+                continue
+
+            # Terminology from the py_compile module:
+            #   cfile - byte-compiled file
+            #   dfile - purported source filename (same as 'file' by default)
+            if optimize >= 0:
+                opt = '' if optimize == 0 else optimize
+                cfile = importlib.util.cache_from_source(
+                    file, optimization=opt)
+            else:
+                cfile = importlib.util.cache_from_source(file)
+            dfile = file
+            if prefix:
+                if file[:len(prefix)] != prefix:
+                    raise ValueError("invalid prefix: filename %r doesn't start with %r"
+                           % (file, prefix))
+                dfile = dfile[len(prefix):]
+            if base_dir:
+                dfile = os.path.join(base_dir, dfile)
+
+            cfile_base = os.path.basename(cfile)
+            if direct:
+                if force or newer(file, cfile):
+                    log.info("byte-compiling %s to %s", file, cfile_base)
+                    if not dry_run:
+                        compile(file, cfile, dfile)
+                else:
+                    log.debug("skipping byte-compilation of %s to %s",
+                              file, cfile_base)
+
+# byte_compile ()
+
+def rfc822_escape (header):
+    """Return a version of the string escaped for inclusion in an
+    RFC-822 header, by ensuring there are 8 spaces space after each newline.
+    """
+    lines = header.split('\n')
+    sep = '\n' + 8 * ' '
+    return sep.join(lines)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35e181d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+#
+# distutils/version.py
+#
+# Implements multiple version numbering conventions for the
+# Python Module Distribution Utilities.
+#
+# $Id$
+#
+
+"""Provides classes to represent module version numbers (one class for
+each style of version numbering).  There are currently two such classes
+implemented: StrictVersion and LooseVersion.
+
+Every version number class implements the following interface:
+  * the 'parse' method takes a string and parses it to some internal
+    representation; if the string is an invalid version number,
+    'parse' raises a ValueError exception
+  * the class constructor takes an optional string argument which,
+    if supplied, is passed to 'parse'
+  * __str__ reconstructs the string that was passed to 'parse' (or
+    an equivalent string -- ie. one that will generate an equivalent
+    version number instance)
+  * __repr__ generates Python code to recreate the version number instance
+  * _cmp compares the current instance with either another instance
+    of the same class or a string (which will be parsed to an instance
+    of the same class, thus must follow the same rules)
+"""
+
+import re
+import warnings
+import contextlib
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def suppress_known_deprecation():
+    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as ctx:
+        warnings.filterwarnings(
+            action='default',
+            category=DeprecationWarning,
+            message="distutils Version classes are deprecated.",
+        )
+        yield ctx
+
+
+class Version:
+    """Abstract base class for version numbering classes.  Just provides
+    constructor (__init__) and reproducer (__repr__), because those
+    seem to be the same for all version numbering classes; and route
+    rich comparisons to _cmp.
+    """
+
+    def __init__ (self, vstring=None):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "distutils Version classes are deprecated. "
+            "Use packaging.version instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        if vstring:
+            self.parse(vstring)
+
+    def __repr__ (self):
+        return "%s ('%s')" % (self.__class__.__name__, str(self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        c = self._cmp(other)
+        if c is NotImplemented:
+            return c
+        return c == 0
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        c = self._cmp(other)
+        if c is NotImplemented:
+            return c
+        return c < 0
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        c = self._cmp(other)
+        if c is NotImplemented:
+            return c
+        return c <= 0
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        c = self._cmp(other)
+        if c is NotImplemented:
+            return c
+        return c > 0
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        c = self._cmp(other)
+        if c is NotImplemented:
+            return c
+        return c >= 0
+
+
+# Interface for version-number classes -- must be implemented
+# by the following classes (the concrete ones -- Version should
+# be treated as an abstract class).
+#    __init__ (string) - create and take same action as 'parse'
+#                        (string parameter is optional)
+#    parse (string)    - convert a string representation to whatever
+#                        internal representation is appropriate for
+#                        this style of version numbering
+#    __str__ (self)    - convert back to a string; should be very similar
+#                        (if not identical to) the string supplied to parse
+#    __repr__ (self)   - generate Python code to recreate
+#                        the instance
+#    _cmp (self, other) - compare two version numbers ('other' may
+#                        be an unparsed version string, or another
+#                        instance of your version class)
+
+
+class StrictVersion (Version):
+
+    """Version numbering for anal retentives and software idealists.
+    Implements the standard interface for version number classes as
+    described above.  A version number consists of two or three
+    dot-separated numeric components, with an optional "pre-release" tag
+    on the end.  The pre-release tag consists of the letter 'a' or 'b'
+    followed by a number.  If the numeric components of two version
+    numbers are equal, then one with a pre-release tag will always
+    be deemed earlier (lesser) than one without.
+
+    The following are valid version numbers (shown in the order that
+    would be obtained by sorting according to the supplied cmp function):
+
+        0.4       0.4.0  (these two are equivalent)
+        0.4.1
+        0.5a1
+        0.5b3
+        0.5
+        0.9.6
+        1.0
+        1.0.4a3
+        1.0.4b1
+        1.0.4
+
+    The following are examples of invalid version numbers:
+
+        1
+        2.7.2.2
+        1.3.a4
+        1.3pl1
+        1.3c4
+
+    The rationale for this version numbering system will be explained
+    in the distutils documentation.
+    """
+
+    version_re = re.compile(r'^(\d+) \. (\d+) (\. (\d+))? ([ab](\d+))?$',
+                            re.VERBOSE | re.ASCII)
+
+
+    def parse (self, vstring):
+        match = self.version_re.match(vstring)
+        if not match:
+            raise ValueError("invalid version number '%s'" % vstring)
+
+        (major, minor, patch, prerelease, prerelease_num) = \
+            match.group(1, 2, 4, 5, 6)
+
+        if patch:
+            self.version = tuple(map(int, [major, minor, patch]))
+        else:
+            self.version = tuple(map(int, [major, minor])) + (0,)
+
+        if prerelease:
+            self.prerelease = (prerelease[0], int(prerelease_num))
+        else:
+            self.prerelease = None
+
+
+    def __str__ (self):
+
+        if self.version[2] == 0:
+            vstring = '.'.join(map(str, self.version[0:2]))
+        else:
+            vstring = '.'.join(map(str, self.version))
+
+        if self.prerelease:
+            vstring = vstring + self.prerelease[0] + str(self.prerelease[1])
+
+        return vstring
+
+
+    def _cmp (self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            with suppress_known_deprecation():
+                other = StrictVersion(other)
+        elif not isinstance(other, StrictVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        if self.version != other.version:
+            # numeric versions don't match
+            # prerelease stuff doesn't matter
+            if self.version < other.version:
+                return -1
+            else:
+                return 1
+
+        # have to compare prerelease
+        # case 1: neither has prerelease; they're equal
+        # case 2: self has prerelease, other doesn't; other is greater
+        # case 3: self doesn't have prerelease, other does: self is greater
+        # case 4: both have prerelease: must compare them!
+
+        if (not self.prerelease and not other.prerelease):
+            return 0
+        elif (self.prerelease and not other.prerelease):
+            return -1
+        elif (not self.prerelease and other.prerelease):
+            return 1
+        elif (self.prerelease and other.prerelease):
+            if self.prerelease == other.prerelease:
+                return 0
+            elif self.prerelease < other.prerelease:
+                return -1
+            else:
+                return 1
+        else:
+            assert False, "never get here"
+
+# end class StrictVersion
+
+
+# The rules according to Greg Stein:
+# 1) a version number has 1 or more numbers separated by a period or by
+#    sequences of letters. If only periods, then these are compared
+#    left-to-right to determine an ordering.
+# 2) sequences of letters are part of the tuple for comparison and are
+#    compared lexicographically
+# 3) recognize the numeric components may have leading zeroes
+#
+# The LooseVersion class below implements these rules: a version number
+# string is split up into a tuple of integer and string components, and
+# comparison is a simple tuple comparison.  This means that version
+# numbers behave in a predictable and obvious way, but a way that might
+# not necessarily be how people *want* version numbers to behave.  There
+# wouldn't be a problem if people could stick to purely numeric version
+# numbers: just split on period and compare the numbers as tuples.
+# However, people insist on putting letters into their version numbers;
+# the most common purpose seems to be:
+#   - indicating a "pre-release" version
+#     ('alpha', 'beta', 'a', 'b', 'pre', 'p')
+#   - indicating a post-release patch ('p', 'pl', 'patch')
+# but of course this can't cover all version number schemes, and there's
+# no way to know what a programmer means without asking him.
+#
+# The problem is what to do with letters (and other non-numeric
+# characters) in a version number.  The current implementation does the
+# obvious and predictable thing: keep them as strings and compare
+# lexically within a tuple comparison.  This has the desired effect if
+# an appended letter sequence implies something "post-release":
+# eg. "0.99" < "0.99pl14" < "1.0", and "5.001" < "5.001m" < "5.002".
+#
+# However, if letters in a version number imply a pre-release version,
+# the "obvious" thing isn't correct.  Eg. you would expect that
+# "1.5.1" < "1.5.2a2" < "1.5.2", but under the tuple/lexical comparison
+# implemented here, this just isn't so.
+#
+# Two possible solutions come to mind.  The first is to tie the
+# comparison algorithm to a particular set of semantic rules, as has
+# been done in the StrictVersion class above.  This works great as long
+# as everyone can go along with bondage and discipline.  Hopefully a
+# (large) subset of Python module programmers will agree that the
+# particular flavour of bondage and discipline provided by StrictVersion
+# provides enough benefit to be worth using, and will submit their
+# version numbering scheme to its domination.  The free-thinking
+# anarchists in the lot will never give in, though, and something needs
+# to be done to accommodate them.
+#
+# Perhaps a "moderately strict" version class could be implemented that
+# lets almost anything slide (syntactically), and makes some heuristic
+# assumptions about non-digits in version number strings.  This could
+# sink into special-case-hell, though; if I was as talented and
+# idiosyncratic as Larry Wall, I'd go ahead and implement a class that
+# somehow knows that "1.2.1" < "1.2.2a2" < "1.2.2" < "1.2.2pl3", and is
+# just as happy dealing with things like "2g6" and "1.13++".  I don't
+# think I'm smart enough to do it right though.
+#
+# In any case, I've coded the test suite for this module (see
+# ../test/test_version.py) specifically to fail on things like comparing
+# "1.2a2" and "1.2".  That's not because the *code* is doing anything
+# wrong, it's because the simple, obvious design doesn't match my
+# complicated, hairy expectations for real-world version numbers.  It
+# would be a snap to fix the test suite to say, "Yep, LooseVersion does
+# the Right Thing" (ie. the code matches the conception).  But I'd rather
+# have a conception that matches common notions about version numbers.
+
+class LooseVersion (Version):
+
+    """Version numbering for anarchists and software realists.
+    Implements the standard interface for version number classes as
+    described above.  A version number consists of a series of numbers,
+    separated by either periods or strings of letters.  When comparing
+    version numbers, the numeric components will be compared
+    numerically, and the alphabetic components lexically.  The following
+    are all valid version numbers, in no particular order:
+
+        1.5.1
+        1.5.2b2
+        161
+        3.10a
+        8.02
+        3.4j
+        1996.07.12
+        3.2.pl0
+        3.1.1.6
+        2g6
+        11g
+        0.960923
+        2.2beta29
+        1.13++
+        5.5.kw
+        2.0b1pl0
+
+    In fact, there is no such thing as an invalid version number under
+    this scheme; the rules for comparison are simple and predictable,
+    but may not always give the results you want (for some definition
+    of "want").
+    """
+
+    component_re = re.compile(r'(\d+ | [a-z]+ | \.)', re.VERBOSE)
+
+    def parse (self, vstring):
+        # I've given up on thinking I can reconstruct the version string
+        # from the parsed tuple -- so I just store the string here for
+        # use by __str__
+        self.vstring = vstring
+        components = [x for x in self.component_re.split(vstring)
+                              if x and x != '.']
+        for i, obj in enumerate(components):
+            try:
+                components[i] = int(obj)
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+        self.version = components
+
+
+    def __str__ (self):
+        return self.vstring
+
+
+    def __repr__ (self):
+        return "LooseVersion ('%s')" % str(self)
+
+
+    def _cmp (self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            other = LooseVersion(other)
+        elif not isinstance(other, LooseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        if self.version == other.version:
+            return 0
+        if self.version < other.version:
+            return -1
+        if self.version > other.version:
+            return 1
+
+
+# end class LooseVersion
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/versionpredicate.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/versionpredicate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55f25d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/versionpredicate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+"""Module for parsing and testing package version predicate strings.
+"""
+import re
+import distutils.version
+import operator
+
+
+re_validPackage = re.compile(r"(?i)^\s*([a-z_]\w*(?:\.[a-z_]\w*)*)(.*)",
+    re.ASCII)
+# (package) (rest)
+
+re_paren = re.compile(r"^\s*\((.*)\)\s*$") # (list) inside of parentheses
+re_splitComparison = re.compile(r"^\s*(<=|>=|<|>|!=|==)\s*([^\s,]+)\s*$")
+# (comp) (version)
+
+
+def splitUp(pred):
+    """Parse a single version comparison.
+
+    Return (comparison string, StrictVersion)
+    """
+    res = re_splitComparison.match(pred)
+    if not res:
+        raise ValueError("bad package restriction syntax: %r" % pred)
+    comp, verStr = res.groups()
+    with distutils.version.suppress_known_deprecation():
+        other = distutils.version.StrictVersion(verStr)
+    return (comp, other)
+
+compmap = {"<": operator.lt, "<=": operator.le, "==": operator.eq,
+           ">": operator.gt, ">=": operator.ge, "!=": operator.ne}
+
+class VersionPredicate:
+    """Parse and test package version predicates.
+
+    >>> v = VersionPredicate('pyepat.abc (>1.0, <3333.3a1, !=1555.1b3)')
+
+    The `name` attribute provides the full dotted name that is given::
+
+    >>> v.name
+    'pyepat.abc'
+
+    The str() of a `VersionPredicate` provides a normalized
+    human-readable version of the expression::
+
+    >>> print(v)
+    pyepat.abc (> 1.0, < 3333.3a1, != 1555.1b3)
+
+    The `satisfied_by()` method can be used to determine with a given
+    version number is included in the set described by the version
+    restrictions::
+
+    >>> v.satisfied_by('1.1')
+    True
+    >>> v.satisfied_by('1.4')
+    True
+    >>> v.satisfied_by('1.0')
+    False
+    >>> v.satisfied_by('4444.4')
+    False
+    >>> v.satisfied_by('1555.1b3')
+    False
+
+    `VersionPredicate` is flexible in accepting extra whitespace::
+
+    >>> v = VersionPredicate(' pat( ==  0.1  )  ')
+    >>> v.name
+    'pat'
+    >>> v.satisfied_by('0.1')
+    True
+    >>> v.satisfied_by('0.2')
+    False
+
+    If any version numbers passed in do not conform to the
+    restrictions of `StrictVersion`, a `ValueError` is raised::
+
+    >>> v = VersionPredicate('p1.p2.p3.p4(>=1.0, <=1.3a1, !=1.2zb3)')
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    ValueError: invalid version number '1.2zb3'
+
+    It the module or package name given does not conform to what's
+    allowed as a legal module or package name, `ValueError` is
+    raised::
+
+    >>> v = VersionPredicate('foo-bar')
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    ValueError: expected parenthesized list: '-bar'
+
+    >>> v = VersionPredicate('foo bar (12.21)')
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    ValueError: expected parenthesized list: 'bar (12.21)'
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, versionPredicateStr):
+        """Parse a version predicate string.
+        """
+        # Fields:
+        #    name:  package name
+        #    pred:  list of (comparison string, StrictVersion)
+
+        versionPredicateStr = versionPredicateStr.strip()
+        if not versionPredicateStr:
+            raise ValueError("empty package restriction")
+        match = re_validPackage.match(versionPredicateStr)
+        if not match:
+            raise ValueError("bad package name in %r" % versionPredicateStr)
+        self.name, paren = match.groups()
+        paren = paren.strip()
+        if paren:
+            match = re_paren.match(paren)
+            if not match:
+                raise ValueError("expected parenthesized list: %r" % paren)
+            str = match.groups()[0]
+            self.pred = [splitUp(aPred) for aPred in str.split(",")]
+            if not self.pred:
+                raise ValueError("empty parenthesized list in %r"
+                                 % versionPredicateStr)
+        else:
+            self.pred = []
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.pred:
+            seq = [cond + " " + str(ver) for cond, ver in self.pred]
+            return self.name + " (" + ", ".join(seq) + ")"
+        else:
+            return self.name
+
+    def satisfied_by(self, version):
+        """True if version is compatible with all the predicates in self.
+        The parameter version must be acceptable to the StrictVersion
+        constructor.  It may be either a string or StrictVersion.
+        """
+        for cond, ver in self.pred:
+            if not compmap[cond](version, ver):
+                return False
+        return True
+
+
+_provision_rx = None
+
+def split_provision(value):
+    """Return the name and optional version number of a provision.
+
+    The version number, if given, will be returned as a `StrictVersion`
+    instance, otherwise it will be `None`.
+
+    >>> split_provision('mypkg')
+    ('mypkg', None)
+    >>> split_provision(' mypkg( 1.2 ) ')
+    ('mypkg', StrictVersion ('1.2'))
+    """
+    global _provision_rx
+    if _provision_rx is None:
+        _provision_rx = re.compile(
+            r"([a-zA-Z_]\w*(?:\.[a-zA-Z_]\w*)*)(?:\s*\(\s*([^)\s]+)\s*\))?$",
+            re.ASCII)
+    value = value.strip()
+    m = _provision_rx.match(value)
+    if not m:
+        raise ValueError("illegal provides specification: %r" % value)
+    ver = m.group(2) or None
+    if ver:
+        with distutils.version.suppress_known_deprecation():
+            ver = distutils.version.StrictVersion(ver)
+    return m.group(1), ver
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_imp.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_imp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47efd79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_imp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+"""
+Re-implementation of find_module and get_frozen_object
+from the deprecated imp module.
+"""
+
+import os
+import importlib.util
+import importlib.machinery
+
+from .py34compat import module_from_spec
+
+
+PY_SOURCE = 1
+PY_COMPILED = 2
+C_EXTENSION = 3
+C_BUILTIN = 6
+PY_FROZEN = 7
+
+
+def find_spec(module, paths):
+    finder = (
+        importlib.machinery.PathFinder().find_spec
+        if isinstance(paths, list) else
+        importlib.util.find_spec
+    )
+    return finder(module, paths)
+
+
+def find_module(module, paths=None):
+    """Just like 'imp.find_module()', but with package support"""
+    spec = find_spec(module, paths)
+    if spec is None:
+        raise ImportError("Can't find %s" % module)
+    if not spec.has_location and hasattr(spec, 'submodule_search_locations'):
+        spec = importlib.util.spec_from_loader('__init__.py', spec.loader)
+
+    kind = -1
+    file = None
+    static = isinstance(spec.loader, type)
+    if spec.origin == 'frozen' or static and issubclass(
+            spec.loader, importlib.machinery.FrozenImporter):
+        kind = PY_FROZEN
+        path = None  # imp compabilty
+        suffix = mode = ''  # imp compatibility
+    elif spec.origin == 'built-in' or static and issubclass(
+            spec.loader, importlib.machinery.BuiltinImporter):
+        kind = C_BUILTIN
+        path = None  # imp compabilty
+        suffix = mode = ''  # imp compatibility
+    elif spec.has_location:
+        path = spec.origin
+        suffix = os.path.splitext(path)[1]
+        mode = 'r' if suffix in importlib.machinery.SOURCE_SUFFIXES else 'rb'
+
+        if suffix in importlib.machinery.SOURCE_SUFFIXES:
+            kind = PY_SOURCE
+        elif suffix in importlib.machinery.BYTECODE_SUFFIXES:
+            kind = PY_COMPILED
+        elif suffix in importlib.machinery.EXTENSION_SUFFIXES:
+            kind = C_EXTENSION
+
+        if kind in {PY_SOURCE, PY_COMPILED}:
+            file = open(path, mode)
+    else:
+        path = None
+        suffix = mode = ''
+
+    return file, path, (suffix, mode, kind)
+
+
+def get_frozen_object(module, paths=None):
+    spec = find_spec(module, paths)
+    if not spec:
+        raise ImportError("Can't find %s" % module)
+    return spec.loader.get_code(module)
+
+
+def get_module(module, paths, info):
+    spec = find_spec(module, paths)
+    if not spec:
+        raise ImportError("Can't find %s" % module)
+    return module_from_spec(spec)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/more_itertools/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/more_itertools/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19a169f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/more_itertools/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .more import *  # noqa
+from .recipes import *  # noqa
+
+__version__ = '8.8.0'
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/more_itertools/more.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/more_itertools/more.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f7d282
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/more_itertools/more.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3825 @@
+import warnings
+
+from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, abc
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
+from functools import partial, reduce, wraps
+from heapq import merge, heapify, heapreplace, heappop
+from itertools import (
+    chain,
+    compress,
+    count,
+    cycle,
+    dropwhile,
+    groupby,
+    islice,
+    repeat,
+    starmap,
+    takewhile,
+    tee,
+    zip_longest,
+)
+from math import exp, factorial, floor, log
+from queue import Empty, Queue
+from random import random, randrange, uniform
+from operator import itemgetter, mul, sub, gt, lt
+from sys import hexversion, maxsize
+from time import monotonic
+
+from .recipes import (
+    consume,
+    flatten,
+    pairwise,
+    powerset,
+    take,
+    unique_everseen,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    'AbortThread',
+    'adjacent',
+    'always_iterable',
+    'always_reversible',
+    'bucket',
+    'callback_iter',
+    'chunked',
+    'circular_shifts',
+    'collapse',
+    'collate',
+    'consecutive_groups',
+    'consumer',
+    'countable',
+    'count_cycle',
+    'mark_ends',
+    'difference',
+    'distinct_combinations',
+    'distinct_permutations',
+    'distribute',
+    'divide',
+    'exactly_n',
+    'filter_except',
+    'first',
+    'groupby_transform',
+    'ilen',
+    'interleave_longest',
+    'interleave',
+    'intersperse',
+    'islice_extended',
+    'iterate',
+    'ichunked',
+    'is_sorted',
+    'last',
+    'locate',
+    'lstrip',
+    'make_decorator',
+    'map_except',
+    'map_reduce',
+    'nth_or_last',
+    'nth_permutation',
+    'nth_product',
+    'numeric_range',
+    'one',
+    'only',
+    'padded',
+    'partitions',
+    'set_partitions',
+    'peekable',
+    'repeat_last',
+    'replace',
+    'rlocate',
+    'rstrip',
+    'run_length',
+    'sample',
+    'seekable',
+    'SequenceView',
+    'side_effect',
+    'sliced',
+    'sort_together',
+    'split_at',
+    'split_after',
+    'split_before',
+    'split_when',
+    'split_into',
+    'spy',
+    'stagger',
+    'strip',
+    'substrings',
+    'substrings_indexes',
+    'time_limited',
+    'unique_to_each',
+    'unzip',
+    'windowed',
+    'with_iter',
+    'UnequalIterablesError',
+    'zip_equal',
+    'zip_offset',
+    'windowed_complete',
+    'all_unique',
+    'value_chain',
+    'product_index',
+    'combination_index',
+    'permutation_index',
+]
+
+_marker = object()
+
+
+def chunked(iterable, n, strict=False):
+    """Break *iterable* into lists of length *n*:
+
+        >>> list(chunked([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], 3))
+        [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
+
+    By the default, the last yielded list will have fewer than *n* elements
+    if the length of *iterable* is not divisible by *n*:
+
+        >>> list(chunked([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], 3))
+        [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8]]
+
+    To use a fill-in value instead, see the :func:`grouper` recipe.
+
+    If the length of *iterable* is not divisible by *n* and *strict* is
+    ``True``, then ``ValueError`` will be raised before the last
+    list is yielded.
+
+    """
+    iterator = iter(partial(take, n, iter(iterable)), [])
+    if strict:
+
+        def ret():
+            for chunk in iterator:
+                if len(chunk) != n:
+                    raise ValueError('iterable is not divisible by n.')
+                yield chunk
+
+        return iter(ret())
+    else:
+        return iterator
+
+
+def first(iterable, default=_marker):
+    """Return the first item of *iterable*, or *default* if *iterable* is
+    empty.
+
+        >>> first([0, 1, 2, 3])
+        0
+        >>> first([], 'some default')
+        'some default'
+
+    If *default* is not provided and there are no items in the iterable,
+    raise ``ValueError``.
+
+    :func:`first` is useful when you have a generator of expensive-to-retrieve
+    values and want any arbitrary one. It is marginally shorter than
+    ``next(iter(iterable), default)``.
+
+    """
+    try:
+        return next(iter(iterable))
+    except StopIteration as e:
+        if default is _marker:
+            raise ValueError(
+                'first() was called on an empty iterable, and no '
+                'default value was provided.'
+            ) from e
+        return default
+
+
+def last(iterable, default=_marker):
+    """Return the last item of *iterable*, or *default* if *iterable* is
+    empty.
+
+        >>> last([0, 1, 2, 3])
+        3
+        >>> last([], 'some default')
+        'some default'
+
+    If *default* is not provided and there are no items in the iterable,
+    raise ``ValueError``.
+    """
+    try:
+        if isinstance(iterable, Sequence):
+            return iterable[-1]
+        # Work around https://bugs.python.org/issue38525
+        elif hasattr(iterable, '__reversed__') and (hexversion != 0x030800F0):
+            return next(reversed(iterable))
+        else:
+            return deque(iterable, maxlen=1)[-1]
+    except (IndexError, TypeError, StopIteration):
+        if default is _marker:
+            raise ValueError(
+                'last() was called on an empty iterable, and no default was '
+                'provided.'
+            )
+        return default
+
+
+def nth_or_last(iterable, n, default=_marker):
+    """Return the nth or the last item of *iterable*,
+    or *default* if *iterable* is empty.
+
+        >>> nth_or_last([0, 1, 2, 3], 2)
+        2
+        >>> nth_or_last([0, 1], 2)
+        1
+        >>> nth_or_last([], 0, 'some default')
+        'some default'
+
+    If *default* is not provided and there are no items in the iterable,
+    raise ``ValueError``.
+    """
+    return last(islice(iterable, n + 1), default=default)
+
+
+class peekable:
+    """Wrap an iterator to allow lookahead and prepending elements.
+
+    Call :meth:`peek` on the result to get the value that will be returned
+    by :func:`next`. This won't advance the iterator:
+
+        >>> p = peekable(['a', 'b'])
+        >>> p.peek()
+        'a'
+        >>> next(p)
+        'a'
+
+    Pass :meth:`peek` a default value to return that instead of raising
+    ``StopIteration`` when the iterator is exhausted.
+
+        >>> p = peekable([])
+        >>> p.peek('hi')
+        'hi'
+
+    peekables also offer a :meth:`prepend` method, which "inserts" items
+    at the head of the iterable:
+
+        >>> p = peekable([1, 2, 3])
+        >>> p.prepend(10, 11, 12)
+        >>> next(p)
+        10
+        >>> p.peek()
+        11
+        >>> list(p)
+        [11, 12, 1, 2, 3]
+
+    peekables can be indexed. Index 0 is the item that will be returned by
+    :func:`next`, index 1 is the item after that, and so on:
+    The values up to the given index will be cached.
+
+        >>> p = peekable(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
+        >>> p[0]
+        'a'
+        >>> p[1]
+        'b'
+        >>> next(p)
+        'a'
+
+    Negative indexes are supported, but be aware that they will cache the
+    remaining items in the source iterator, which may require significant
+    storage.
+
+    To check whether a peekable is exhausted, check its truth value:
+
+        >>> p = peekable(['a', 'b'])
+        >>> if p:  # peekable has items
+        ...     list(p)
+        ['a', 'b']
+        >>> if not p:  # peekable is exhausted
+        ...     list(p)
+        []
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, iterable):
+        self._it = iter(iterable)
+        self._cache = deque()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        try:
+            self.peek()
+        except StopIteration:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def peek(self, default=_marker):
+        """Return the item that will be next returned from ``next()``.
+
+        Return ``default`` if there are no items left. If ``default`` is not
+        provided, raise ``StopIteration``.
+
+        """
+        if not self._cache:
+            try:
+                self._cache.append(next(self._it))
+            except StopIteration:
+                if default is _marker:
+                    raise
+                return default
+        return self._cache[0]
+
+    def prepend(self, *items):
+        """Stack up items to be the next ones returned from ``next()`` or
+        ``self.peek()``. The items will be returned in
+        first in, first out order::
+
+            >>> p = peekable([1, 2, 3])
+            >>> p.prepend(10, 11, 12)
+            >>> next(p)
+            10
+            >>> list(p)
+            [11, 12, 1, 2, 3]
+
+        It is possible, by prepending items, to "resurrect" a peekable that
+        previously raised ``StopIteration``.
+
+            >>> p = peekable([])
+            >>> next(p)
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+              ...
+            StopIteration
+            >>> p.prepend(1)
+            >>> next(p)
+            1
+            >>> next(p)
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+              ...
+            StopIteration
+
+        """
+        self._cache.extendleft(reversed(items))
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        if self._cache:
+            return self._cache.popleft()
+
+        return next(self._it)
+
+    def _get_slice(self, index):
+        # Normalize the slice's arguments
+        step = 1 if (index.step is None) else index.step
+        if step > 0:
+            start = 0 if (index.start is None) else index.start
+            stop = maxsize if (index.stop is None) else index.stop
+        elif step < 0:
+            start = -1 if (index.start is None) else index.start
+            stop = (-maxsize - 1) if (index.stop is None) else index.stop
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('slice step cannot be zero')
+
+        # If either the start or stop index is negative, we'll need to cache
+        # the rest of the iterable in order to slice from the right side.
+        if (start < 0) or (stop < 0):
+            self._cache.extend(self._it)
+        # Otherwise we'll need to find the rightmost index and cache to that
+        # point.
+        else:
+            n = min(max(start, stop) + 1, maxsize)
+            cache_len = len(self._cache)
+            if n >= cache_len:
+                self._cache.extend(islice(self._it, n - cache_len))
+
+        return list(self._cache)[index]
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        if isinstance(index, slice):
+            return self._get_slice(index)
+
+        cache_len = len(self._cache)
+        if index < 0:
+            self._cache.extend(self._it)
+        elif index >= cache_len:
+            self._cache.extend(islice(self._it, index + 1 - cache_len))
+
+        return self._cache[index]
+
+
+def collate(*iterables, **kwargs):
+    """Return a sorted merge of the items from each of several already-sorted
+    *iterables*.
+
+        >>> list(collate('ACDZ', 'AZ', 'JKL'))
+        ['A', 'A', 'C', 'D', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'Z', 'Z']
+
+    Works lazily, keeping only the next value from each iterable in memory. Use
+    :func:`collate` to, for example, perform a n-way mergesort of items that
+    don't fit in memory.
+
+    If a *key* function is specified, the iterables will be sorted according
+    to its result:
+
+        >>> key = lambda s: int(s)  # Sort by numeric value, not by string
+        >>> list(collate(['1', '10'], ['2', '11'], key=key))
+        ['1', '2', '10', '11']
+
+
+    If the *iterables* are sorted in descending order, set *reverse* to
+    ``True``:
+
+        >>> list(collate([5, 3, 1], [4, 2, 0], reverse=True))
+        [5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
+
+    If the elements of the passed-in iterables are out of order, you might get
+    unexpected results.
+
+    On Python 3.5+, this function is an alias for :func:`heapq.merge`.
+
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "collate is no longer part of more_itertools, use heapq.merge",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+    )
+    return merge(*iterables, **kwargs)
+
+
+def consumer(func):
+    """Decorator that automatically advances a PEP-342-style "reverse iterator"
+    to its first yield point so you don't have to call ``next()`` on it
+    manually.
+
+        >>> @consumer
+        ... def tally():
+        ...     i = 0
+        ...     while True:
+        ...         print('Thing number %s is %s.' % (i, (yield)))
+        ...         i += 1
+        ...
+        >>> t = tally()
+        >>> t.send('red')
+        Thing number 0 is red.
+        >>> t.send('fish')
+        Thing number 1 is fish.
+
+    Without the decorator, you would have to call ``next(t)`` before
+    ``t.send()`` could be used.
+
+    """
+
+    @wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        gen = func(*args, **kwargs)
+        next(gen)
+        return gen
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def ilen(iterable):
+    """Return the number of items in *iterable*.
+
+        >>> ilen(x for x in range(1000000) if x % 3 == 0)
+        333334
+
+    This consumes the iterable, so handle with care.
+
+    """
+    # This approach was selected because benchmarks showed it's likely the
+    # fastest of the known implementations at the time of writing.
+    # See GitHub tracker: #236, #230.
+    counter = count()
+    deque(zip(iterable, counter), maxlen=0)
+    return next(counter)
+
+
+def iterate(func, start):
+    """Return ``start``, ``func(start)``, ``func(func(start))``, ...
+
+    >>> from itertools import islice
+    >>> list(islice(iterate(lambda x: 2*x, 1), 10))
+    [1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512]
+
+    """
+    while True:
+        yield start
+        start = func(start)
+
+
+def with_iter(context_manager):
+    """Wrap an iterable in a ``with`` statement, so it closes once exhausted.
+
+    For example, this will close the file when the iterator is exhausted::
+
+        upper_lines = (line.upper() for line in with_iter(open('foo')))
+
+    Any context manager which returns an iterable is a candidate for
+    ``with_iter``.
+
+    """
+    with context_manager as iterable:
+        yield from iterable
+
+
+def one(iterable, too_short=None, too_long=None):
+    """Return the first item from *iterable*, which is expected to contain only
+    that item. Raise an exception if *iterable* is empty or has more than one
+    item.
+
+    :func:`one` is useful for ensuring that an iterable contains only one item.
+    For example, it can be used to retrieve the result of a database query
+    that is expected to return a single row.
+
+    If *iterable* is empty, ``ValueError`` will be raised. You may specify a
+    different exception with the *too_short* keyword:
+
+        >>> it = []
+        >>> one(it)  # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: too many items in iterable (expected 1)'
+        >>> too_short = IndexError('too few items')
+        >>> one(it, too_short=too_short)  # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        IndexError: too few items
+
+    Similarly, if *iterable* contains more than one item, ``ValueError`` will
+    be raised. You may specify a different exception with the *too_long*
+    keyword:
+
+        >>> it = ['too', 'many']
+        >>> one(it)  # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: Expected exactly one item in iterable, but got 'too',
+        'many', and perhaps more.
+        >>> too_long = RuntimeError
+        >>> one(it, too_long=too_long)  # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        RuntimeError
+
+    Note that :func:`one` attempts to advance *iterable* twice to ensure there
+    is only one item. See :func:`spy` or :func:`peekable` to check iterable
+    contents less destructively.
+
+    """
+    it = iter(iterable)
+
+    try:
+        first_value = next(it)
+    except StopIteration as e:
+        raise (
+            too_short or ValueError('too few items in iterable (expected 1)')
+        ) from e
+
+    try:
+        second_value = next(it)
+    except StopIteration:
+        pass
+    else:
+        msg = (
+            'Expected exactly one item in iterable, but got {!r}, {!r}, '
+            'and perhaps more.'.format(first_value, second_value)
+        )
+        raise too_long or ValueError(msg)
+
+    return first_value
+
+
+def distinct_permutations(iterable, r=None):
+    """Yield successive distinct permutations of the elements in *iterable*.
+
+        >>> sorted(distinct_permutations([1, 0, 1]))
+        [(0, 1, 1), (1, 0, 1), (1, 1, 0)]
+
+    Equivalent to ``set(permutations(iterable))``, except duplicates are not
+    generated and thrown away. For larger input sequences this is much more
+    efficient.
+
+    Duplicate permutations arise when there are duplicated elements in the
+    input iterable. The number of items returned is
+    `n! / (x_1! * x_2! * ... * x_n!)`, where `n` is the total number of
+    items input, and each `x_i` is the count of a distinct item in the input
+    sequence.
+
+    If *r* is given, only the *r*-length permutations are yielded.
+
+        >>> sorted(distinct_permutations([1, 0, 1], r=2))
+        [(0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)]
+        >>> sorted(distinct_permutations(range(3), r=2))
+        [(0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 0), (1, 2), (2, 0), (2, 1)]
+
+    """
+    # Algorithm: https://w.wiki/Qai
+    def _full(A):
+        while True:
+            # Yield the permutation we have
+            yield tuple(A)
+
+            # Find the largest index i such that A[i] < A[i + 1]
+            for i in range(size - 2, -1, -1):
+                if A[i] < A[i + 1]:
+                    break
+            #  If no such index exists, this permutation is the last one
+            else:
+                return
+
+            # Find the largest index j greater than j such that A[i] < A[j]
+            for j in range(size - 1, i, -1):
+                if A[i] < A[j]:
+                    break
+
+            # Swap the value of A[i] with that of A[j], then reverse the
+            # sequence from A[i + 1] to form the new permutation
+            A[i], A[j] = A[j], A[i]
+            A[i + 1 :] = A[: i - size : -1]  # A[i + 1:][::-1]
+
+    # Algorithm: modified from the above
+    def _partial(A, r):
+        # Split A into the first r items and the last r items
+        head, tail = A[:r], A[r:]
+        right_head_indexes = range(r - 1, -1, -1)
+        left_tail_indexes = range(len(tail))
+
+        while True:
+            # Yield the permutation we have
+            yield tuple(head)
+
+            # Starting from the right, find the first index of the head with
+            # value smaller than the maximum value of the tail - call it i.
+            pivot = tail[-1]
+            for i in right_head_indexes:
+                if head[i] < pivot:
+                    break
+                pivot = head[i]
+            else:
+                return
+
+            # Starting from the left, find the first value of the tail
+            # with a value greater than head[i] and swap.
+            for j in left_tail_indexes:
+                if tail[j] > head[i]:
+                    head[i], tail[j] = tail[j], head[i]
+                    break
+            # If we didn't find one, start from the right and find the first
+            # index of the head with a value greater than head[i] and swap.
+            else:
+                for j in right_head_indexes:
+                    if head[j] > head[i]:
+                        head[i], head[j] = head[j], head[i]
+                        break
+
+            # Reverse head[i + 1:] and swap it with tail[:r - (i + 1)]
+            tail += head[: i - r : -1]  # head[i + 1:][::-1]
+            i += 1
+            head[i:], tail[:] = tail[: r - i], tail[r - i :]
+
+    items = sorted(iterable)
+
+    size = len(items)
+    if r is None:
+        r = size
+
+    if 0 < r <= size:
+        return _full(items) if (r == size) else _partial(items, r)
+
+    return iter(() if r else ((),))
+
+
+def intersperse(e, iterable, n=1):
+    """Intersperse filler element *e* among the items in *iterable*, leaving
+    *n* items between each filler element.
+
+        >>> list(intersperse('!', [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]))
+        [1, '!', 2, '!', 3, '!', 4, '!', 5]
+
+        >>> list(intersperse(None, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], n=2))
+        [1, 2, None, 3, 4, None, 5]
+
+    """
+    if n == 0:
+        raise ValueError('n must be > 0')
+    elif n == 1:
+        # interleave(repeat(e), iterable) -> e, x_0, e, e, x_1, e, x_2...
+        # islice(..., 1, None) -> x_0, e, e, x_1, e, x_2...
+        return islice(interleave(repeat(e), iterable), 1, None)
+    else:
+        # interleave(filler, chunks) -> [e], [x_0, x_1], [e], [x_2, x_3]...
+        # islice(..., 1, None) -> [x_0, x_1], [e], [x_2, x_3]...
+        # flatten(...) -> x_0, x_1, e, x_2, x_3...
+        filler = repeat([e])
+        chunks = chunked(iterable, n)
+        return flatten(islice(interleave(filler, chunks), 1, None))
+
+
+def unique_to_each(*iterables):
+    """Return the elements from each of the input iterables that aren't in the
+    other input iterables.
+
+    For example, suppose you have a set of packages, each with a set of
+    dependencies::
+
+        {'pkg_1': {'A', 'B'}, 'pkg_2': {'B', 'C'}, 'pkg_3': {'B', 'D'}}
+
+    If you remove one package, which dependencies can also be removed?
+
+    If ``pkg_1`` is removed, then ``A`` is no longer necessary - it is not
+    associated with ``pkg_2`` or ``pkg_3``. Similarly, ``C`` is only needed for
+    ``pkg_2``, and ``D`` is only needed for ``pkg_3``::
+
+        >>> unique_to_each({'A', 'B'}, {'B', 'C'}, {'B', 'D'})
+        [['A'], ['C'], ['D']]
+
+    If there are duplicates in one input iterable that aren't in the others
+    they will be duplicated in the output. Input order is preserved::
+
+        >>> unique_to_each("mississippi", "missouri")
+        [['p', 'p'], ['o', 'u', 'r']]
+
+    It is assumed that the elements of each iterable are hashable.
+
+    """
+    pool = [list(it) for it in iterables]
+    counts = Counter(chain.from_iterable(map(set, pool)))
+    uniques = {element for element in counts if counts[element] == 1}
+    return [list(filter(uniques.__contains__, it)) for it in pool]
+
+
+def windowed(seq, n, fillvalue=None, step=1):
+    """Return a sliding window of width *n* over the given iterable.
+
+        >>> all_windows = windowed([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 3)
+        >>> list(all_windows)
+        [(1, 2, 3), (2, 3, 4), (3, 4, 5)]
+
+    When the window is larger than the iterable, *fillvalue* is used in place
+    of missing values:
+
+        >>> list(windowed([1, 2, 3], 4))
+        [(1, 2, 3, None)]
+
+    Each window will advance in increments of *step*:
+
+        >>> list(windowed([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], 3, fillvalue='!', step=2))
+        [(1, 2, 3), (3, 4, 5), (5, 6, '!')]
+
+    To slide into the iterable's items, use :func:`chain` to add filler items
+    to the left:
+
+        >>> iterable = [1, 2, 3, 4]
+        >>> n = 3
+        >>> padding = [None] * (n - 1)
+        >>> list(windowed(chain(padding, iterable), 3))
+        [(None, None, 1), (None, 1, 2), (1, 2, 3), (2, 3, 4)]
+    """
+    if n < 0:
+        raise ValueError('n must be >= 0')
+    if n == 0:
+        yield tuple()
+        return
+    if step < 1:
+        raise ValueError('step must be >= 1')
+
+    window = deque(maxlen=n)
+    i = n
+    for _ in map(window.append, seq):
+        i -= 1
+        if not i:
+            i = step
+            yield tuple(window)
+
+    size = len(window)
+    if size < n:
+        yield tuple(chain(window, repeat(fillvalue, n - size)))
+    elif 0 < i < min(step, n):
+        window += (fillvalue,) * i
+        yield tuple(window)
+
+
+def substrings(iterable):
+    """Yield all of the substrings of *iterable*.
+
+        >>> [''.join(s) for s in substrings('more')]
+        ['m', 'o', 'r', 'e', 'mo', 'or', 're', 'mor', 'ore', 'more']
+
+    Note that non-string iterables can also be subdivided.
+
+        >>> list(substrings([0, 1, 2]))
+        [(0,), (1,), (2,), (0, 1), (1, 2), (0, 1, 2)]
+
+    """
+    # The length-1 substrings
+    seq = []
+    for item in iter(iterable):
+        seq.append(item)
+        yield (item,)
+    seq = tuple(seq)
+    item_count = len(seq)
+
+    # And the rest
+    for n in range(2, item_count + 1):
+        for i in range(item_count - n + 1):
+            yield seq[i : i + n]
+
+
+def substrings_indexes(seq, reverse=False):
+    """Yield all substrings and their positions in *seq*
+
+    The items yielded will be a tuple of the form ``(substr, i, j)``, where
+    ``substr == seq[i:j]``.
+
+    This function only works for iterables that support slicing, such as
+    ``str`` objects.
+
+    >>> for item in substrings_indexes('more'):
+    ...    print(item)
+    ('m', 0, 1)
+    ('o', 1, 2)
+    ('r', 2, 3)
+    ('e', 3, 4)
+    ('mo', 0, 2)
+    ('or', 1, 3)
+    ('re', 2, 4)
+    ('mor', 0, 3)
+    ('ore', 1, 4)
+    ('more', 0, 4)
+
+    Set *reverse* to ``True`` to yield the same items in the opposite order.
+
+
+    """
+    r = range(1, len(seq) + 1)
+    if reverse:
+        r = reversed(r)
+    return (
+        (seq[i : i + L], i, i + L) for L in r for i in range(len(seq) - L + 1)
+    )
+
+
+class bucket:
+    """Wrap *iterable* and return an object that buckets it iterable into
+    child iterables based on a *key* function.
+
+        >>> iterable = ['a1', 'b1', 'c1', 'a2', 'b2', 'c2', 'b3']
+        >>> s = bucket(iterable, key=lambda x: x[0])  # Bucket by 1st character
+        >>> sorted(list(s))  # Get the keys
+        ['a', 'b', 'c']
+        >>> a_iterable = s['a']
+        >>> next(a_iterable)
+        'a1'
+        >>> next(a_iterable)
+        'a2'
+        >>> list(s['b'])
+        ['b1', 'b2', 'b3']
+
+    The original iterable will be advanced and its items will be cached until
+    they are used by the child iterables. This may require significant storage.
+
+    By default, attempting to select a bucket to which no items belong  will
+    exhaust the iterable and cache all values.
+    If you specify a *validator* function, selected buckets will instead be
+    checked against it.
+
+        >>> from itertools import count
+        >>> it = count(1, 2)  # Infinite sequence of odd numbers
+        >>> key = lambda x: x % 10  # Bucket by last digit
+        >>> validator = lambda x: x in {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}  # Odd digits only
+        >>> s = bucket(it, key=key, validator=validator)
+        >>> 2 in s
+        False
+        >>> list(s[2])
+        []
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, iterable, key, validator=None):
+        self._it = iter(iterable)
+        self._key = key
+        self._cache = defaultdict(deque)
+        self._validator = validator or (lambda x: True)
+
+    def __contains__(self, value):
+        if not self._validator(value):
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            item = next(self[value])
+        except StopIteration:
+            return False
+        else:
+            self._cache[value].appendleft(item)
+
+        return True
+
+    def _get_values(self, value):
+        """
+        Helper to yield items from the parent iterator that match *value*.
+        Items that don't match are stored in the local cache as they
+        are encountered.
+        """
+        while True:
+            # If we've cached some items that match the target value, emit
+            # the first one and evict it from the cache.
+            if self._cache[value]:
+                yield self._cache[value].popleft()
+            # Otherwise we need to advance the parent iterator to search for
+            # a matching item, caching the rest.
+            else:
+                while True:
+                    try:
+                        item = next(self._it)
+                    except StopIteration:
+                        return
+                    item_value = self._key(item)
+                    if item_value == value:
+                        yield item
+                        break
+                    elif self._validator(item_value):
+                        self._cache[item_value].append(item)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for item in self._it:
+            item_value = self._key(item)
+            if self._validator(item_value):
+                self._cache[item_value].append(item)
+
+        yield from self._cache.keys()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, value):
+        if not self._validator(value):
+            return iter(())
+
+        return self._get_values(value)
+
+
+def spy(iterable, n=1):
+    """Return a 2-tuple with a list containing the first *n* elements of
+    *iterable*, and an iterator with the same items as *iterable*.
+    This allows you to "look ahead" at the items in the iterable without
+    advancing it.
+
+    There is one item in the list by default:
+
+        >>> iterable = 'abcdefg'
+        >>> head, iterable = spy(iterable)
+        >>> head
+        ['a']
+        >>> list(iterable)
+        ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g']
+
+    You may use unpacking to retrieve items instead of lists:
+
+        >>> (head,), iterable = spy('abcdefg')
+        >>> head
+        'a'
+        >>> (first, second), iterable = spy('abcdefg', 2)
+        >>> first
+        'a'
+        >>> second
+        'b'
+
+    The number of items requested can be larger than the number of items in
+    the iterable:
+
+        >>> iterable = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+        >>> head, iterable = spy(iterable, 10)
+        >>> head
+        [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+        >>> list(iterable)
+        [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+    """
+    it = iter(iterable)
+    head = take(n, it)
+
+    return head.copy(), chain(head, it)
+
+
+def interleave(*iterables):
+    """Return a new iterable yielding from each iterable in turn,
+    until the shortest is exhausted.
+
+        >>> list(interleave([1, 2, 3], [4, 5], [6, 7, 8]))
+        [1, 4, 6, 2, 5, 7]
+
+    For a version that doesn't terminate after the shortest iterable is
+    exhausted, see :func:`interleave_longest`.
+
+    """
+    return chain.from_iterable(zip(*iterables))
+
+
+def interleave_longest(*iterables):
+    """Return a new iterable yielding from each iterable in turn,
+    skipping any that are exhausted.
+
+        >>> list(interleave_longest([1, 2, 3], [4, 5], [6, 7, 8]))
+        [1, 4, 6, 2, 5, 7, 3, 8]
+
+    This function produces the same output as :func:`roundrobin`, but may
+    perform better for some inputs (in particular when the number of iterables
+    is large).
+
+    """
+    i = chain.from_iterable(zip_longest(*iterables, fillvalue=_marker))
+    return (x for x in i if x is not _marker)
+
+
+def collapse(iterable, base_type=None, levels=None):
+    """Flatten an iterable with multiple levels of nesting (e.g., a list of
+    lists of tuples) into non-iterable types.
+
+        >>> iterable = [(1, 2), ([3, 4], [[5], [6]])]
+        >>> list(collapse(iterable))
+        [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+
+    Binary and text strings are not considered iterable and
+    will not be collapsed.
+
+    To avoid collapsing other types, specify *base_type*:
+
+        >>> iterable = ['ab', ('cd', 'ef'), ['gh', 'ij']]
+        >>> list(collapse(iterable, base_type=tuple))
+        ['ab', ('cd', 'ef'), 'gh', 'ij']
+
+    Specify *levels* to stop flattening after a certain level:
+
+    >>> iterable = [('a', ['b']), ('c', ['d'])]
+    >>> list(collapse(iterable))  # Fully flattened
+    ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+    >>> list(collapse(iterable, levels=1))  # Only one level flattened
+    ['a', ['b'], 'c', ['d']]
+
+    """
+
+    def walk(node, level):
+        if (
+            ((levels is not None) and (level > levels))
+            or isinstance(node, (str, bytes))
+            or ((base_type is not None) and isinstance(node, base_type))
+        ):
+            yield node
+            return
+
+        try:
+            tree = iter(node)
+        except TypeError:
+            yield node
+            return
+        else:
+            for child in tree:
+                yield from walk(child, level + 1)
+
+    yield from walk(iterable, 0)
+
+
+def side_effect(func, iterable, chunk_size=None, before=None, after=None):
+    """Invoke *func* on each item in *iterable* (or on each *chunk_size* group
+    of items) before yielding the item.
+
+    `func` must be a function that takes a single argument. Its return value
+    will be discarded.
+
+    *before* and *after* are optional functions that take no arguments. They
+    will be executed before iteration starts and after it ends, respectively.
+
+    `side_effect` can be used for logging, updating progress bars, or anything
+    that is not functionally "pure."
+
+    Emitting a status message:
+
+        >>> from more_itertools import consume
+        >>> func = lambda item: print('Received {}'.format(item))
+        >>> consume(side_effect(func, range(2)))
+        Received 0
+        Received 1
+
+    Operating on chunks of items:
+
+        >>> pair_sums = []
+        >>> func = lambda chunk: pair_sums.append(sum(chunk))
+        >>> list(side_effect(func, [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 2))
+        [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+        >>> list(pair_sums)
+        [1, 5, 9]
+
+    Writing to a file-like object:
+
+        >>> from io import StringIO
+        >>> from more_itertools import consume
+        >>> f = StringIO()
+        >>> func = lambda x: print(x, file=f)
+        >>> before = lambda: print(u'HEADER', file=f)
+        >>> after = f.close
+        >>> it = [u'a', u'b', u'c']
+        >>> consume(side_effect(func, it, before=before, after=after))
+        >>> f.closed
+        True
+
+    """
+    try:
+        if before is not None:
+            before()
+
+        if chunk_size is None:
+            for item in iterable:
+                func(item)
+                yield item
+        else:
+            for chunk in chunked(iterable, chunk_size):
+                func(chunk)
+                yield from chunk
+    finally:
+        if after is not None:
+            after()
+
+
+def sliced(seq, n, strict=False):
+    """Yield slices of length *n* from the sequence *seq*.
+
+    >>> list(sliced((1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), 3))
+    [(1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6)]
+
+    By the default, the last yielded slice will have fewer than *n* elements
+    if the length of *seq* is not divisible by *n*:
+
+    >>> list(sliced((1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8), 3))
+    [(1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8)]
+
+    If the length of *seq* is not divisible by *n* and *strict* is
+    ``True``, then ``ValueError`` will be raised before the last
+    slice is yielded.
+
+    This function will only work for iterables that support slicing.
+    For non-sliceable iterables, see :func:`chunked`.
+
+    """
+    iterator = takewhile(len, (seq[i : i + n] for i in count(0, n)))
+    if strict:
+
+        def ret():
+            for _slice in iterator:
+                if len(_slice) != n:
+                    raise ValueError("seq is not divisible by n.")
+                yield _slice
+
+        return iter(ret())
+    else:
+        return iterator
+
+
+def split_at(iterable, pred, maxsplit=-1, keep_separator=False):
+    """Yield lists of items from *iterable*, where each list is delimited by
+    an item where callable *pred* returns ``True``.
+
+        >>> list(split_at('abcdcba', lambda x: x == 'b'))
+        [['a'], ['c', 'd', 'c'], ['a']]
+
+        >>> list(split_at(range(10), lambda n: n % 2 == 1))
+        [[0], [2], [4], [6], [8], []]
+
+    At most *maxsplit* splits are done. If *maxsplit* is not specified or -1,
+    then there is no limit on the number of splits:
+
+        >>> list(split_at(range(10), lambda n: n % 2 == 1, maxsplit=2))
+        [[0], [2], [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]]
+
+    By default, the delimiting items are not included in the output.
+    The include them, set *keep_separator* to ``True``.
+
+        >>> list(split_at('abcdcba', lambda x: x == 'b', keep_separator=True))
+        [['a'], ['b'], ['c', 'd', 'c'], ['b'], ['a']]
+
+    """
+    if maxsplit == 0:
+        yield list(iterable)
+        return
+
+    buf = []
+    it = iter(iterable)
+    for item in it:
+        if pred(item):
+            yield buf
+            if keep_separator:
+                yield [item]
+            if maxsplit == 1:
+                yield list(it)
+                return
+            buf = []
+            maxsplit -= 1
+        else:
+            buf.append(item)
+    yield buf
+
+
+def split_before(iterable, pred, maxsplit=-1):
+    """Yield lists of items from *iterable*, where each list ends just before
+    an item for which callable *pred* returns ``True``:
+
+        >>> list(split_before('OneTwo', lambda s: s.isupper()))
+        [['O', 'n', 'e'], ['T', 'w', 'o']]
+
+        >>> list(split_before(range(10), lambda n: n % 3 == 0))
+        [[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], [9]]
+
+    At most *maxsplit* splits are done. If *maxsplit* is not specified or -1,
+    then there is no limit on the number of splits:
+
+        >>> list(split_before(range(10), lambda n: n % 3 == 0, maxsplit=2))
+        [[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8, 9]]
+    """
+    if maxsplit == 0:
+        yield list(iterable)
+        return
+
+    buf = []
+    it = iter(iterable)
+    for item in it:
+        if pred(item) and buf:
+            yield buf
+            if maxsplit == 1:
+                yield [item] + list(it)
+                return
+            buf = []
+            maxsplit -= 1
+        buf.append(item)
+    if buf:
+        yield buf
+
+
+def split_after(iterable, pred, maxsplit=-1):
+    """Yield lists of items from *iterable*, where each list ends with an
+    item where callable *pred* returns ``True``:
+
+        >>> list(split_after('one1two2', lambda s: s.isdigit()))
+        [['o', 'n', 'e', '1'], ['t', 'w', 'o', '2']]
+
+        >>> list(split_after(range(10), lambda n: n % 3 == 0))
+        [[0], [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
+
+    At most *maxsplit* splits are done. If *maxsplit* is not specified or -1,
+    then there is no limit on the number of splits:
+
+        >>> list(split_after(range(10), lambda n: n % 3 == 0, maxsplit=2))
+        [[0], [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]]
+
+    """
+    if maxsplit == 0:
+        yield list(iterable)
+        return
+
+    buf = []
+    it = iter(iterable)
+    for item in it:
+        buf.append(item)
+        if pred(item) and buf:
+            yield buf
+            if maxsplit == 1:
+                yield list(it)
+                return
+            buf = []
+            maxsplit -= 1
+    if buf:
+        yield buf
+
+
+def split_when(iterable, pred, maxsplit=-1):
+    """Split *iterable* into pieces based on the output of *pred*.
+    *pred* should be a function that takes successive pairs of items and
+    returns ``True`` if the iterable should be split in between them.
+
+    For example, to find runs of increasing numbers, split the iterable when
+    element ``i`` is larger than element ``i + 1``:
+
+        >>> list(split_when([1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 5, 2, 4, 2], lambda x, y: x > y))
+        [[1, 2, 3, 3], [2, 5], [2, 4], [2]]
+
+    At most *maxsplit* splits are done. If *maxsplit* is not specified or -1,
+    then there is no limit on the number of splits:
+
+        >>> list(split_when([1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 5, 2, 4, 2],
+        ...                 lambda x, y: x > y, maxsplit=2))
+        [[1, 2, 3, 3], [2, 5], [2, 4, 2]]
+
+    """
+    if maxsplit == 0:
+        yield list(iterable)
+        return
+
+    it = iter(iterable)
+    try:
+        cur_item = next(it)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return
+
+    buf = [cur_item]
+    for next_item in it:
+        if pred(cur_item, next_item):
+            yield buf
+            if maxsplit == 1:
+                yield [next_item] + list(it)
+                return
+            buf = []
+            maxsplit -= 1
+
+        buf.append(next_item)
+        cur_item = next_item
+
+    yield buf
+
+
+def split_into(iterable, sizes):
+    """Yield a list of sequential items from *iterable* of length 'n' for each
+    integer 'n' in *sizes*.
+
+        >>> list(split_into([1,2,3,4,5,6], [1,2,3]))
+        [[1], [2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
+
+    If the sum of *sizes* is smaller than the length of *iterable*, then the
+    remaining items of *iterable* will not be returned.
+
+        >>> list(split_into([1,2,3,4,5,6], [2,3]))
+        [[1, 2], [3, 4, 5]]
+
+    If the sum of *sizes* is larger than the length of *iterable*, fewer items
+    will be returned in the iteration that overruns *iterable* and further
+    lists will be empty:
+
+        >>> list(split_into([1,2,3,4], [1,2,3,4]))
+        [[1], [2, 3], [4], []]
+
+    When a ``None`` object is encountered in *sizes*, the returned list will
+    contain items up to the end of *iterable* the same way that itertools.slice
+    does:
+
+        >>> list(split_into([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0], [2,3,None]))
+        [[1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8, 9, 0]]
+
+    :func:`split_into` can be useful for grouping a series of items where the
+    sizes of the groups are not uniform. An example would be where in a row
+    from a table, multiple columns represent elements of the same feature
+    (e.g. a point represented by x,y,z) but, the format is not the same for
+    all columns.
+    """
+    # convert the iterable argument into an iterator so its contents can
+    # be consumed by islice in case it is a generator
+    it = iter(iterable)
+
+    for size in sizes:
+        if size is None:
+            yield list(it)
+            return
+        else:
+            yield list(islice(it, size))
+
+
+def padded(iterable, fillvalue=None, n=None, next_multiple=False):
+    """Yield the elements from *iterable*, followed by *fillvalue*, such that
+    at least *n* items are emitted.
+
+        >>> list(padded([1, 2, 3], '?', 5))
+        [1, 2, 3, '?', '?']
+
+    If *next_multiple* is ``True``, *fillvalue* will be emitted until the
+    number of items emitted is a multiple of *n*::
+
+        >>> list(padded([1, 2, 3, 4], n=3, next_multiple=True))
+        [1, 2, 3, 4, None, None]
+
+    If *n* is ``None``, *fillvalue* will be emitted indefinitely.
+
+    """
+    it = iter(iterable)
+    if n is None:
+        yield from chain(it, repeat(fillvalue))
+    elif n < 1:
+        raise ValueError('n must be at least 1')
+    else:
+        item_count = 0
+        for item in it:
+            yield item
+            item_count += 1
+
+        remaining = (n - item_count) % n if next_multiple else n - item_count
+        for _ in range(remaining):
+            yield fillvalue
+
+
+def repeat_last(iterable, default=None):
+    """After the *iterable* is exhausted, keep yielding its last element.
+
+        >>> list(islice(repeat_last(range(3)), 5))
+        [0, 1, 2, 2, 2]
+
+    If the iterable is empty, yield *default* forever::
+
+        >>> list(islice(repeat_last(range(0), 42), 5))
+        [42, 42, 42, 42, 42]
+
+    """
+    item = _marker
+    for item in iterable:
+        yield item
+    final = default if item is _marker else item
+    yield from repeat(final)
+
+
+def distribute(n, iterable):
+    """Distribute the items from *iterable* among *n* smaller iterables.
+
+        >>> group_1, group_2 = distribute(2, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
+        >>> list(group_1)
+        [1, 3, 5]
+        >>> list(group_2)
+        [2, 4, 6]
+
+    If the length of *iterable* is not evenly divisible by *n*, then the
+    length of the returned iterables will not be identical:
+
+        >>> children = distribute(3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
+        >>> [list(c) for c in children]
+        [[1, 4, 7], [2, 5], [3, 6]]
+
+    If the length of *iterable* is smaller than *n*, then the last returned
+    iterables will be empty:
+
+        >>> children = distribute(5, [1, 2, 3])
+        >>> [list(c) for c in children]
+        [[1], [2], [3], [], []]
+
+    This function uses :func:`itertools.tee` and may require significant
+    storage. If you need the order items in the smaller iterables to match the
+    original iterable, see :func:`divide`.
+
+    """
+    if n < 1:
+        raise ValueError('n must be at least 1')
+
+    children = tee(iterable, n)
+    return [islice(it, index, None, n) for index, it in enumerate(children)]
+
+
+def stagger(iterable, offsets=(-1, 0, 1), longest=False, fillvalue=None):
+    """Yield tuples whose elements are offset from *iterable*.
+    The amount by which the `i`-th item in each tuple is offset is given by
+    the `i`-th item in *offsets*.
+
+        >>> list(stagger([0, 1, 2, 3]))
+        [(None, 0, 1), (0, 1, 2), (1, 2, 3)]
+        >>> list(stagger(range(8), offsets=(0, 2, 4)))
+        [(0, 2, 4), (1, 3, 5), (2, 4, 6), (3, 5, 7)]
+
+    By default, the sequence will end when the final element of a tuple is the
+    last item in the iterable. To continue until the first element of a tuple
+    is the last item in the iterable, set *longest* to ``True``::
+
+        >>> list(stagger([0, 1, 2, 3], longest=True))
+        [(None, 0, 1), (0, 1, 2), (1, 2, 3), (2, 3, None), (3, None, None)]
+
+    By default, ``None`` will be used to replace offsets beyond the end of the
+    sequence. Specify *fillvalue* to use some other value.
+
+    """
+    children = tee(iterable, len(offsets))
+
+    return zip_offset(
+        *children, offsets=offsets, longest=longest, fillvalue=fillvalue
+    )
+
+
+class UnequalIterablesError(ValueError):
+    def __init__(self, details=None):
+        msg = 'Iterables have different lengths'
+        if details is not None:
+            msg += (': index 0 has length {}; index {} has length {}').format(
+                *details
+            )
+
+        super().__init__(msg)
+
+
+def _zip_equal_generator(iterables):
+    for combo in zip_longest(*iterables, fillvalue=_marker):
+        for val in combo:
+            if val is _marker:
+                raise UnequalIterablesError()
+        yield combo
+
+
+def zip_equal(*iterables):
+    """``zip`` the input *iterables* together, but raise
+    ``UnequalIterablesError`` if they aren't all the same length.
+
+        >>> it_1 = range(3)
+        >>> it_2 = iter('abc')
+        >>> list(zip_equal(it_1, it_2))
+        [(0, 'a'), (1, 'b'), (2, 'c')]
+
+        >>> it_1 = range(3)
+        >>> it_2 = iter('abcd')
+        >>> list(zip_equal(it_1, it_2)) # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        more_itertools.more.UnequalIterablesError: Iterables have different
+        lengths
+
+    """
+    if hexversion >= 0x30A00A6:
+        warnings.warn(
+            (
+                'zip_equal will be removed in a future version of '
+                'more-itertools. Use the builtin zip function with '
+                'strict=True instead.'
+            ),
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+    # Check whether the iterables are all the same size.
+    try:
+        first_size = len(iterables[0])
+        for i, it in enumerate(iterables[1:], 1):
+            size = len(it)
+            if size != first_size:
+                break
+        else:
+            # If we didn't break out, we can use the built-in zip.
+            return zip(*iterables)
+
+        # If we did break out, there was a mismatch.
+        raise UnequalIterablesError(details=(first_size, i, size))
+    # If any one of the iterables didn't have a length, start reading
+    # them until one runs out.
+    except TypeError:
+        return _zip_equal_generator(iterables)
+
+
+def zip_offset(*iterables, offsets, longest=False, fillvalue=None):
+    """``zip`` the input *iterables* together, but offset the `i`-th iterable
+    by the `i`-th item in *offsets*.
+
+        >>> list(zip_offset('0123', 'abcdef', offsets=(0, 1)))
+        [('0', 'b'), ('1', 'c'), ('2', 'd'), ('3', 'e')]
+
+    This can be used as a lightweight alternative to SciPy or pandas to analyze
+    data sets in which some series have a lead or lag relationship.
+
+    By default, the sequence will end when the shortest iterable is exhausted.
+    To continue until the longest iterable is exhausted, set *longest* to
+    ``True``.
+
+        >>> list(zip_offset('0123', 'abcdef', offsets=(0, 1), longest=True))
+        [('0', 'b'), ('1', 'c'), ('2', 'd'), ('3', 'e'), (None, 'f')]
+
+    By default, ``None`` will be used to replace offsets beyond the end of the
+    sequence. Specify *fillvalue* to use some other value.
+
+    """
+    if len(iterables) != len(offsets):
+        raise ValueError("Number of iterables and offsets didn't match")
+
+    staggered = []
+    for it, n in zip(iterables, offsets):
+        if n < 0:
+            staggered.append(chain(repeat(fillvalue, -n), it))
+        elif n > 0:
+            staggered.append(islice(it, n, None))
+        else:
+            staggered.append(it)
+
+    if longest:
+        return zip_longest(*staggered, fillvalue=fillvalue)
+
+    return zip(*staggered)
+
+
+def sort_together(iterables, key_list=(0,), key=None, reverse=False):
+    """Return the input iterables sorted together, with *key_list* as the
+    priority for sorting. All iterables are trimmed to the length of the
+    shortest one.
+
+    This can be used like the sorting function in a spreadsheet. If each
+    iterable represents a column of data, the key list determines which
+    columns are used for sorting.
+
+    By default, all iterables are sorted using the ``0``-th iterable::
+
+        >>> iterables = [(4, 3, 2, 1), ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')]
+        >>> sort_together(iterables)
+        [(1, 2, 3, 4), ('d', 'c', 'b', 'a')]
+
+    Set a different key list to sort according to another iterable.
+    Specifying multiple keys dictates how ties are broken::
+
+        >>> iterables = [(3, 1, 2), (0, 1, 0), ('c', 'b', 'a')]
+        >>> sort_together(iterables, key_list=(1, 2))
+        [(2, 3, 1), (0, 0, 1), ('a', 'c', 'b')]
+
+    To sort by a function of the elements of the iterable, pass a *key*
+    function. Its arguments are the elements of the iterables corresponding to
+    the key list::
+
+        >>> names = ('a', 'b', 'c')
+        >>> lengths = (1, 2, 3)
+        >>> widths = (5, 2, 1)
+        >>> def area(length, width):
+        ...     return length * width
+        >>> sort_together([names, lengths, widths], key_list=(1, 2), key=area)
+        [('c', 'b', 'a'), (3, 2, 1), (1, 2, 5)]
+
+    Set *reverse* to ``True`` to sort in descending order.
+
+        >>> sort_together([(1, 2, 3), ('c', 'b', 'a')], reverse=True)
+        [(3, 2, 1), ('a', 'b', 'c')]
+
+    """
+    if key is None:
+        # if there is no key function, the key argument to sorted is an
+        # itemgetter
+        key_argument = itemgetter(*key_list)
+    else:
+        # if there is a key function, call it with the items at the offsets
+        # specified by the key function as arguments
+        key_list = list(key_list)
+        if len(key_list) == 1:
+            # if key_list contains a single item, pass the item at that offset
+            # as the only argument to the key function
+            key_offset = key_list[0]
+            key_argument = lambda zipped_items: key(zipped_items[key_offset])
+        else:
+            # if key_list contains multiple items, use itemgetter to return a
+            # tuple of items, which we pass as *args to the key function
+            get_key_items = itemgetter(*key_list)
+            key_argument = lambda zipped_items: key(
+                *get_key_items(zipped_items)
+            )
+
+    return list(
+        zip(*sorted(zip(*iterables), key=key_argument, reverse=reverse))
+    )
+
+
+def unzip(iterable):
+    """The inverse of :func:`zip`, this function disaggregates the elements
+    of the zipped *iterable*.
+
+    The ``i``-th iterable contains the ``i``-th element from each element
+    of the zipped iterable. The first element is used to to determine the
+    length of the remaining elements.
+
+        >>> iterable = [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4)]
+        >>> letters, numbers = unzip(iterable)
+        >>> list(letters)
+        ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+        >>> list(numbers)
+        [1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+    This is similar to using ``zip(*iterable)``, but it avoids reading
+    *iterable* into memory. Note, however, that this function uses
+    :func:`itertools.tee` and thus may require significant storage.
+
+    """
+    head, iterable = spy(iter(iterable))
+    if not head:
+        # empty iterable, e.g. zip([], [], [])
+        return ()
+    # spy returns a one-length iterable as head
+    head = head[0]
+    iterables = tee(iterable, len(head))
+
+    def itemgetter(i):
+        def getter(obj):
+            try:
+                return obj[i]
+            except IndexError:
+                # basically if we have an iterable like
+                # iter([(1, 2, 3), (4, 5), (6,)])
+                # the second unzipped iterable would fail at the third tuple
+                # since it would try to access tup[1]
+                # same with the third unzipped iterable and the second tuple
+                # to support these "improperly zipped" iterables,
+                # we create a custom itemgetter
+                # which just stops the unzipped iterables
+                # at first length mismatch
+                raise StopIteration
+
+        return getter
+
+    return tuple(map(itemgetter(i), it) for i, it in enumerate(iterables))
+
+
+def divide(n, iterable):
+    """Divide the elements from *iterable* into *n* parts, maintaining
+    order.
+
+        >>> group_1, group_2 = divide(2, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
+        >>> list(group_1)
+        [1, 2, 3]
+        >>> list(group_2)
+        [4, 5, 6]
+
+    If the length of *iterable* is not evenly divisible by *n*, then the
+    length of the returned iterables will not be identical:
+
+        >>> children = divide(3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
+        >>> [list(c) for c in children]
+        [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5], [6, 7]]
+
+    If the length of the iterable is smaller than n, then the last returned
+    iterables will be empty:
+
+        >>> children = divide(5, [1, 2, 3])
+        >>> [list(c) for c in children]
+        [[1], [2], [3], [], []]
+
+    This function will exhaust the iterable before returning and may require
+    significant storage. If order is not important, see :func:`distribute`,
+    which does not first pull the iterable into memory.
+
+    """
+    if n < 1:
+        raise ValueError('n must be at least 1')
+
+    try:
+        iterable[:0]
+    except TypeError:
+        seq = tuple(iterable)
+    else:
+        seq = iterable
+
+    q, r = divmod(len(seq), n)
+
+    ret = []
+    stop = 0
+    for i in range(1, n + 1):
+        start = stop
+        stop += q + 1 if i <= r else q
+        ret.append(iter(seq[start:stop]))
+
+    return ret
+
+
+def always_iterable(obj, base_type=(str, bytes)):
+    """If *obj* is iterable, return an iterator over its items::
+
+        >>> obj = (1, 2, 3)
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj))
+        [1, 2, 3]
+
+    If *obj* is not iterable, return a one-item iterable containing *obj*::
+
+        >>> obj = 1
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj))
+        [1]
+
+    If *obj* is ``None``, return an empty iterable:
+
+        >>> obj = None
+        >>> list(always_iterable(None))
+        []
+
+    By default, binary and text strings are not considered iterable::
+
+        >>> obj = 'foo'
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj))
+        ['foo']
+
+    If *base_type* is set, objects for which ``isinstance(obj, base_type)``
+    returns ``True`` won't be considered iterable.
+
+        >>> obj = {'a': 1}
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj))  # Iterate over the dict's keys
+        ['a']
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj, base_type=dict))  # Treat dicts as a unit
+        [{'a': 1}]
+
+    Set *base_type* to ``None`` to avoid any special handling and treat objects
+    Python considers iterable as iterable:
+
+        >>> obj = 'foo'
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj, base_type=None))
+        ['f', 'o', 'o']
+    """
+    if obj is None:
+        return iter(())
+
+    if (base_type is not None) and isinstance(obj, base_type):
+        return iter((obj,))
+
+    try:
+        return iter(obj)
+    except TypeError:
+        return iter((obj,))
+
+
+def adjacent(predicate, iterable, distance=1):
+    """Return an iterable over `(bool, item)` tuples where the `item` is
+    drawn from *iterable* and the `bool` indicates whether
+    that item satisfies the *predicate* or is adjacent to an item that does.
+
+    For example, to find whether items are adjacent to a ``3``::
+
+        >>> list(adjacent(lambda x: x == 3, range(6)))
+        [(False, 0), (False, 1), (True, 2), (True, 3), (True, 4), (False, 5)]
+
+    Set *distance* to change what counts as adjacent. For example, to find
+    whether items are two places away from a ``3``:
+
+        >>> list(adjacent(lambda x: x == 3, range(6), distance=2))
+        [(False, 0), (True, 1), (True, 2), (True, 3), (True, 4), (True, 5)]
+
+    This is useful for contextualizing the results of a search function.
+    For example, a code comparison tool might want to identify lines that
+    have changed, but also surrounding lines to give the viewer of the diff
+    context.
+
+    The predicate function will only be called once for each item in the
+    iterable.
+
+    See also :func:`groupby_transform`, which can be used with this function
+    to group ranges of items with the same `bool` value.
+
+    """
+    # Allow distance=0 mainly for testing that it reproduces results with map()
+    if distance < 0:
+        raise ValueError('distance must be at least 0')
+
+    i1, i2 = tee(iterable)
+    padding = [False] * distance
+    selected = chain(padding, map(predicate, i1), padding)
+    adjacent_to_selected = map(any, windowed(selected, 2 * distance + 1))
+    return zip(adjacent_to_selected, i2)
+
+
+def groupby_transform(iterable, keyfunc=None, valuefunc=None, reducefunc=None):
+    """An extension of :func:`itertools.groupby` that can apply transformations
+    to the grouped data.
+
+    * *keyfunc* is a function computing a key value for each item in *iterable*
+    * *valuefunc* is a function that transforms the individual items from
+      *iterable* after grouping
+    * *reducefunc* is a function that transforms each group of items
+
+    >>> iterable = 'aAAbBBcCC'
+    >>> keyfunc = lambda k: k.upper()
+    >>> valuefunc = lambda v: v.lower()
+    >>> reducefunc = lambda g: ''.join(g)
+    >>> list(groupby_transform(iterable, keyfunc, valuefunc, reducefunc))
+    [('A', 'aaa'), ('B', 'bbb'), ('C', 'ccc')]
+
+    Each optional argument defaults to an identity function if not specified.
+
+    :func:`groupby_transform` is useful when grouping elements of an iterable
+    using a separate iterable as the key. To do this, :func:`zip` the iterables
+    and pass a *keyfunc* that extracts the first element and a *valuefunc*
+    that extracts the second element::
+
+        >>> from operator import itemgetter
+        >>> keys = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3]
+        >>> values = 'abcdefghi'
+        >>> iterable = zip(keys, values)
+        >>> grouper = groupby_transform(iterable, itemgetter(0), itemgetter(1))
+        >>> [(k, ''.join(g)) for k, g in grouper]
+        [(0, 'ab'), (1, 'cde'), (2, 'fgh'), (3, 'i')]
+
+    Note that the order of items in the iterable is significant.
+    Only adjacent items are grouped together, so if you don't want any
+    duplicate groups, you should sort the iterable by the key function.
+
+    """
+    ret = groupby(iterable, keyfunc)
+    if valuefunc:
+        ret = ((k, map(valuefunc, g)) for k, g in ret)
+    if reducefunc:
+        ret = ((k, reducefunc(g)) for k, g in ret)
+
+    return ret
+
+
+class numeric_range(abc.Sequence, abc.Hashable):
+    """An extension of the built-in ``range()`` function whose arguments can
+    be any orderable numeric type.
+
+    With only *stop* specified, *start* defaults to ``0`` and *step*
+    defaults to ``1``. The output items will match the type of *stop*:
+
+        >>> list(numeric_range(3.5))
+        [0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0]
+
+    With only *start* and *stop* specified, *step* defaults to ``1``. The
+    output items will match the type of *start*:
+
+        >>> from decimal import Decimal
+        >>> start = Decimal('2.1')
+        >>> stop = Decimal('5.1')
+        >>> list(numeric_range(start, stop))
+        [Decimal('2.1'), Decimal('3.1'), Decimal('4.1')]
+
+    With *start*, *stop*, and *step*  specified the output items will match
+    the type of ``start + step``:
+
+        >>> from fractions import Fraction
+        >>> start = Fraction(1, 2)  # Start at 1/2
+        >>> stop = Fraction(5, 2)  # End at 5/2
+        >>> step = Fraction(1, 2)  # Count by 1/2
+        >>> list(numeric_range(start, stop, step))
+        [Fraction(1, 2), Fraction(1, 1), Fraction(3, 2), Fraction(2, 1)]
+
+    If *step* is zero, ``ValueError`` is raised. Negative steps are supported:
+
+        >>> list(numeric_range(3, -1, -1.0))
+        [3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 0.0]
+
+    Be aware of the limitations of floating point numbers; the representation
+    of the yielded numbers may be surprising.
+
+    ``datetime.datetime`` objects can be used for *start* and *stop*, if *step*
+    is a ``datetime.timedelta`` object:
+
+        >>> import datetime
+        >>> start = datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 1)
+        >>> stop = datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 3)
+        >>> step = datetime.timedelta(days=1)
+        >>> items = iter(numeric_range(start, stop, step))
+        >>> next(items)
+        datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 1, 0, 0)
+        >>> next(items)
+        datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 2, 0, 0)
+
+    """
+
+    _EMPTY_HASH = hash(range(0, 0))
+
+    def __init__(self, *args):
+        argc = len(args)
+        if argc == 1:
+            (self._stop,) = args
+            self._start = type(self._stop)(0)
+            self._step = type(self._stop - self._start)(1)
+        elif argc == 2:
+            self._start, self._stop = args
+            self._step = type(self._stop - self._start)(1)
+        elif argc == 3:
+            self._start, self._stop, self._step = args
+        elif argc == 0:
+            raise TypeError(
+                'numeric_range expected at least '
+                '1 argument, got {}'.format(argc)
+            )
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                'numeric_range expected at most '
+                '3 arguments, got {}'.format(argc)
+            )
+
+        self._zero = type(self._step)(0)
+        if self._step == self._zero:
+            raise ValueError('numeric_range() arg 3 must not be zero')
+        self._growing = self._step > self._zero
+        self._init_len()
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        if self._growing:
+            return self._start < self._stop
+        else:
+            return self._start > self._stop
+
+    def __contains__(self, elem):
+        if self._growing:
+            if self._start <= elem < self._stop:
+                return (elem - self._start) % self._step == self._zero
+        else:
+            if self._start >= elem > self._stop:
+                return (self._start - elem) % (-self._step) == self._zero
+
+        return False
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, numeric_range):
+            empty_self = not bool(self)
+            empty_other = not bool(other)
+            if empty_self or empty_other:
+                return empty_self and empty_other  # True if both empty
+            else:
+                return (
+                    self._start == other._start
+                    and self._step == other._step
+                    and self._get_by_index(-1) == other._get_by_index(-1)
+                )
+        else:
+            return False
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        if isinstance(key, int):
+            return self._get_by_index(key)
+        elif isinstance(key, slice):
+            step = self._step if key.step is None else key.step * self._step
+
+            if key.start is None or key.start <= -self._len:
+                start = self._start
+            elif key.start >= self._len:
+                start = self._stop
+            else:  # -self._len < key.start < self._len
+                start = self._get_by_index(key.start)
+
+            if key.stop is None or key.stop >= self._len:
+                stop = self._stop
+            elif key.stop <= -self._len:
+                stop = self._start
+            else:  # -self._len < key.stop < self._len
+                stop = self._get_by_index(key.stop)
+
+            return numeric_range(start, stop, step)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                'numeric range indices must be '
+                'integers or slices, not {}'.format(type(key).__name__)
+            )
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        if self:
+            return hash((self._start, self._get_by_index(-1), self._step))
+        else:
+            return self._EMPTY_HASH
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        values = (self._start + (n * self._step) for n in count())
+        if self._growing:
+            return takewhile(partial(gt, self._stop), values)
+        else:
+            return takewhile(partial(lt, self._stop), values)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self._len
+
+    def _init_len(self):
+        if self._growing:
+            start = self._start
+            stop = self._stop
+            step = self._step
+        else:
+            start = self._stop
+            stop = self._start
+            step = -self._step
+        distance = stop - start
+        if distance <= self._zero:
+            self._len = 0
+        else:  # distance > 0 and step > 0: regular euclidean division
+            q, r = divmod(distance, step)
+            self._len = int(q) + int(r != self._zero)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        return numeric_range, (self._start, self._stop, self._step)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self._step == 1:
+            return "numeric_range({}, {})".format(
+                repr(self._start), repr(self._stop)
+            )
+        else:
+            return "numeric_range({}, {}, {})".format(
+                repr(self._start), repr(self._stop), repr(self._step)
+            )
+
+    def __reversed__(self):
+        return iter(
+            numeric_range(
+                self._get_by_index(-1), self._start - self._step, -self._step
+            )
+        )
+
+    def count(self, value):
+        return int(value in self)
+
+    def index(self, value):
+        if self._growing:
+            if self._start <= value < self._stop:
+                q, r = divmod(value - self._start, self._step)
+                if r == self._zero:
+                    return int(q)
+        else:
+            if self._start >= value > self._stop:
+                q, r = divmod(self._start - value, -self._step)
+                if r == self._zero:
+                    return int(q)
+
+        raise ValueError("{} is not in numeric range".format(value))
+
+    def _get_by_index(self, i):
+        if i < 0:
+            i += self._len
+        if i < 0 or i >= self._len:
+            raise IndexError("numeric range object index out of range")
+        return self._start + i * self._step
+
+
+def count_cycle(iterable, n=None):
+    """Cycle through the items from *iterable* up to *n* times, yielding
+    the number of completed cycles along with each item. If *n* is omitted the
+    process repeats indefinitely.
+
+    >>> list(count_cycle('AB', 3))
+    [(0, 'A'), (0, 'B'), (1, 'A'), (1, 'B'), (2, 'A'), (2, 'B')]
+
+    """
+    iterable = tuple(iterable)
+    if not iterable:
+        return iter(())
+    counter = count() if n is None else range(n)
+    return ((i, item) for i in counter for item in iterable)
+
+
+def mark_ends(iterable):
+    """Yield 3-tuples of the form ``(is_first, is_last, item)``.
+
+    >>> list(mark_ends('ABC'))
+    [(True, False, 'A'), (False, False, 'B'), (False, True, 'C')]
+
+    Use this when looping over an iterable to take special action on its first
+    and/or last items:
+
+    >>> iterable = ['Header', 100, 200, 'Footer']
+    >>> total = 0
+    >>> for is_first, is_last, item in mark_ends(iterable):
+    ...     if is_first:
+    ...         continue  # Skip the header
+    ...     if is_last:
+    ...         continue  # Skip the footer
+    ...     total += item
+    >>> print(total)
+    300
+    """
+    it = iter(iterable)
+
+    try:
+        b = next(it)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return
+
+    try:
+        for i in count():
+            a = b
+            b = next(it)
+            yield i == 0, False, a
+
+    except StopIteration:
+        yield i == 0, True, a
+
+
+def locate(iterable, pred=bool, window_size=None):
+    """Yield the index of each item in *iterable* for which *pred* returns
+    ``True``.
+
+    *pred* defaults to :func:`bool`, which will select truthy items:
+
+        >>> list(locate([0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0]))
+        [1, 2, 4]
+
+    Set *pred* to a custom function to, e.g., find the indexes for a particular
+    item.
+
+        >>> list(locate(['a', 'b', 'c', 'b'], lambda x: x == 'b'))
+        [1, 3]
+
+    If *window_size* is given, then the *pred* function will be called with
+    that many items. This enables searching for sub-sequences:
+
+        >>> iterable = [0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3]
+        >>> pred = lambda *args: args == (1, 2, 3)
+        >>> list(locate(iterable, pred=pred, window_size=3))
+        [1, 5, 9]
+
+    Use with :func:`seekable` to find indexes and then retrieve the associated
+    items:
+
+        >>> from itertools import count
+        >>> from more_itertools import seekable
+        >>> source = (3 * n + 1 if (n % 2) else n // 2 for n in count())
+        >>> it = seekable(source)
+        >>> pred = lambda x: x > 100
+        >>> indexes = locate(it, pred=pred)
+        >>> i = next(indexes)
+        >>> it.seek(i)
+        >>> next(it)
+        106
+
+    """
+    if window_size is None:
+        return compress(count(), map(pred, iterable))
+
+    if window_size < 1:
+        raise ValueError('window size must be at least 1')
+
+    it = windowed(iterable, window_size, fillvalue=_marker)
+    return compress(count(), starmap(pred, it))
+
+
+def lstrip(iterable, pred):
+    """Yield the items from *iterable*, but strip any from the beginning
+    for which *pred* returns ``True``.
+
+    For example, to remove a set of items from the start of an iterable:
+
+        >>> iterable = (None, False, None, 1, 2, None, 3, False, None)
+        >>> pred = lambda x: x in {None, False, ''}
+        >>> list(lstrip(iterable, pred))
+        [1, 2, None, 3, False, None]
+
+    This function is analogous to to :func:`str.lstrip`, and is essentially
+    an wrapper for :func:`itertools.dropwhile`.
+
+    """
+    return dropwhile(pred, iterable)
+
+
+def rstrip(iterable, pred):
+    """Yield the items from *iterable*, but strip any from the end
+    for which *pred* returns ``True``.
+
+    For example, to remove a set of items from the end of an iterable:
+
+        >>> iterable = (None, False, None, 1, 2, None, 3, False, None)
+        >>> pred = lambda x: x in {None, False, ''}
+        >>> list(rstrip(iterable, pred))
+        [None, False, None, 1, 2, None, 3]
+
+    This function is analogous to :func:`str.rstrip`.
+
+    """
+    cache = []
+    cache_append = cache.append
+    cache_clear = cache.clear
+    for x in iterable:
+        if pred(x):
+            cache_append(x)
+        else:
+            yield from cache
+            cache_clear()
+            yield x
+
+
+def strip(iterable, pred):
+    """Yield the items from *iterable*, but strip any from the
+    beginning and end for which *pred* returns ``True``.
+
+    For example, to remove a set of items from both ends of an iterable:
+
+        >>> iterable = (None, False, None, 1, 2, None, 3, False, None)
+        >>> pred = lambda x: x in {None, False, ''}
+        >>> list(strip(iterable, pred))
+        [1, 2, None, 3]
+
+    This function is analogous to :func:`str.strip`.
+
+    """
+    return rstrip(lstrip(iterable, pred), pred)
+
+
+class islice_extended:
+    """An extension of :func:`itertools.islice` that supports negative values
+    for *stop*, *start*, and *step*.
+
+        >>> iterable = iter('abcdefgh')
+        >>> list(islice_extended(iterable, -4, -1))
+        ['e', 'f', 'g']
+
+    Slices with negative values require some caching of *iterable*, but this
+    function takes care to minimize the amount of memory required.
+
+    For example, you can use a negative step with an infinite iterator:
+
+        >>> from itertools import count
+        >>> list(islice_extended(count(), 110, 99, -2))
+        [110, 108, 106, 104, 102, 100]
+
+    You can also use slice notation directly:
+
+        >>> iterable = map(str, count())
+        >>> it = islice_extended(iterable)[10:20:2]
+        >>> list(it)
+        ['10', '12', '14', '16', '18']
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, iterable, *args):
+        it = iter(iterable)
+        if args:
+            self._iterable = _islice_helper(it, slice(*args))
+        else:
+            self._iterable = it
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        return next(self._iterable)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        if isinstance(key, slice):
+            return islice_extended(_islice_helper(self._iterable, key))
+
+        raise TypeError('islice_extended.__getitem__ argument must be a slice')
+
+
+def _islice_helper(it, s):
+    start = s.start
+    stop = s.stop
+    if s.step == 0:
+        raise ValueError('step argument must be a non-zero integer or None.')
+    step = s.step or 1
+
+    if step > 0:
+        start = 0 if (start is None) else start
+
+        if start < 0:
+            # Consume all but the last -start items
+            cache = deque(enumerate(it, 1), maxlen=-start)
+            len_iter = cache[-1][0] if cache else 0
+
+            # Adjust start to be positive
+            i = max(len_iter + start, 0)
+
+            # Adjust stop to be positive
+            if stop is None:
+                j = len_iter
+            elif stop >= 0:
+                j = min(stop, len_iter)
+            else:
+                j = max(len_iter + stop, 0)
+
+            # Slice the cache
+            n = j - i
+            if n <= 0:
+                return
+
+            for index, item in islice(cache, 0, n, step):
+                yield item
+        elif (stop is not None) and (stop < 0):
+            # Advance to the start position
+            next(islice(it, start, start), None)
+
+            # When stop is negative, we have to carry -stop items while
+            # iterating
+            cache = deque(islice(it, -stop), maxlen=-stop)
+
+            for index, item in enumerate(it):
+                cached_item = cache.popleft()
+                if index % step == 0:
+                    yield cached_item
+                cache.append(item)
+        else:
+            # When both start and stop are positive we have the normal case
+            yield from islice(it, start, stop, step)
+    else:
+        start = -1 if (start is None) else start
+
+        if (stop is not None) and (stop < 0):
+            # Consume all but the last items
+            n = -stop - 1
+            cache = deque(enumerate(it, 1), maxlen=n)
+            len_iter = cache[-1][0] if cache else 0
+
+            # If start and stop are both negative they are comparable and
+            # we can just slice. Otherwise we can adjust start to be negative
+            # and then slice.
+            if start < 0:
+                i, j = start, stop
+            else:
+                i, j = min(start - len_iter, -1), None
+
+            for index, item in list(cache)[i:j:step]:
+                yield item
+        else:
+            # Advance to the stop position
+            if stop is not None:
+                m = stop + 1
+                next(islice(it, m, m), None)
+
+            # stop is positive, so if start is negative they are not comparable
+            # and we need the rest of the items.
+            if start < 0:
+                i = start
+                n = None
+            # stop is None and start is positive, so we just need items up to
+            # the start index.
+            elif stop is None:
+                i = None
+                n = start + 1
+            # Both stop and start are positive, so they are comparable.
+            else:
+                i = None
+                n = start - stop
+                if n <= 0:
+                    return
+
+            cache = list(islice(it, n))
+
+            yield from cache[i::step]
+
+
+def always_reversible(iterable):
+    """An extension of :func:`reversed` that supports all iterables, not
+    just those which implement the ``Reversible`` or ``Sequence`` protocols.
+
+        >>> print(*always_reversible(x for x in range(3)))
+        2 1 0
+
+    If the iterable is already reversible, this function returns the
+    result of :func:`reversed()`. If the iterable is not reversible,
+    this function will cache the remaining items in the iterable and
+    yield them in reverse order, which may require significant storage.
+    """
+    try:
+        return reversed(iterable)
+    except TypeError:
+        return reversed(list(iterable))
+
+
+def consecutive_groups(iterable, ordering=lambda x: x):
+    """Yield groups of consecutive items using :func:`itertools.groupby`.
+    The *ordering* function determines whether two items are adjacent by
+    returning their position.
+
+    By default, the ordering function is the identity function. This is
+    suitable for finding runs of numbers:
+
+        >>> iterable = [1, 10, 11, 12, 20, 30, 31, 32, 33, 40]
+        >>> for group in consecutive_groups(iterable):
+        ...     print(list(group))
+        [1]
+        [10, 11, 12]
+        [20]
+        [30, 31, 32, 33]
+        [40]
+
+    For finding runs of adjacent letters, try using the :meth:`index` method
+    of a string of letters:
+
+        >>> from string import ascii_lowercase
+        >>> iterable = 'abcdfgilmnop'
+        >>> ordering = ascii_lowercase.index
+        >>> for group in consecutive_groups(iterable, ordering):
+        ...     print(list(group))
+        ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+        ['f', 'g']
+        ['i']
+        ['l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p']
+
+    Each group of consecutive items is an iterator that shares it source with
+    *iterable*. When an an output group is advanced, the previous group is
+    no longer available unless its elements are copied (e.g., into a ``list``).
+
+        >>> iterable = [1, 2, 11, 12, 21, 22]
+        >>> saved_groups = []
+        >>> for group in consecutive_groups(iterable):
+        ...     saved_groups.append(list(group))  # Copy group elements
+        >>> saved_groups
+        [[1, 2], [11, 12], [21, 22]]
+
+    """
+    for k, g in groupby(
+        enumerate(iterable), key=lambda x: x[0] - ordering(x[1])
+    ):
+        yield map(itemgetter(1), g)
+
+
+def difference(iterable, func=sub, *, initial=None):
+    """This function is the inverse of :func:`itertools.accumulate`. By default
+    it will compute the first difference of *iterable* using
+    :func:`operator.sub`:
+
+        >>> from itertools import accumulate
+        >>> iterable = accumulate([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])  # produces 0, 1, 3, 6, 10
+        >>> list(difference(iterable))
+        [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+    *func* defaults to :func:`operator.sub`, but other functions can be
+    specified. They will be applied as follows::
+
+        A, B, C, D, ... --> A, func(B, A), func(C, B), func(D, C), ...
+
+    For example, to do progressive division:
+
+        >>> iterable = [1, 2, 6, 24, 120]
+        >>> func = lambda x, y: x // y
+        >>> list(difference(iterable, func))
+        [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+    If the *initial* keyword is set, the first element will be skipped when
+    computing successive differences.
+
+        >>> it = [10, 11, 13, 16]  # from accumulate([1, 2, 3], initial=10)
+        >>> list(difference(it, initial=10))
+        [1, 2, 3]
+
+    """
+    a, b = tee(iterable)
+    try:
+        first = [next(b)]
+    except StopIteration:
+        return iter([])
+
+    if initial is not None:
+        first = []
+
+    return chain(first, starmap(func, zip(b, a)))
+
+
+class SequenceView(Sequence):
+    """Return a read-only view of the sequence object *target*.
+
+    :class:`SequenceView` objects are analogous to Python's built-in
+    "dictionary view" types. They provide a dynamic view of a sequence's items,
+    meaning that when the sequence updates, so does the view.
+
+        >>> seq = ['0', '1', '2']
+        >>> view = SequenceView(seq)
+        >>> view
+        SequenceView(['0', '1', '2'])
+        >>> seq.append('3')
+        >>> view
+        SequenceView(['0', '1', '2', '3'])
+
+    Sequence views support indexing, slicing, and length queries. They act
+    like the underlying sequence, except they don't allow assignment:
+
+        >>> view[1]
+        '1'
+        >>> view[1:-1]
+        ['1', '2']
+        >>> len(view)
+        4
+
+    Sequence views are useful as an alternative to copying, as they don't
+    require (much) extra storage.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, target):
+        if not isinstance(target, Sequence):
+            raise TypeError
+        self._target = target
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return self._target[index]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._target)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '{}({})'.format(self.__class__.__name__, repr(self._target))
+
+
+class seekable:
+    """Wrap an iterator to allow for seeking backward and forward. This
+    progressively caches the items in the source iterable so they can be
+    re-visited.
+
+    Call :meth:`seek` with an index to seek to that position in the source
+    iterable.
+
+    To "reset" an iterator, seek to ``0``:
+
+        >>> from itertools import count
+        >>> it = seekable((str(n) for n in count()))
+        >>> next(it), next(it), next(it)
+        ('0', '1', '2')
+        >>> it.seek(0)
+        >>> next(it), next(it), next(it)
+        ('0', '1', '2')
+        >>> next(it)
+        '3'
+
+    You can also seek forward:
+
+        >>> it = seekable((str(n) for n in range(20)))
+        >>> it.seek(10)
+        >>> next(it)
+        '10'
+        >>> it.seek(20)  # Seeking past the end of the source isn't a problem
+        >>> list(it)
+        []
+        >>> it.seek(0)  # Resetting works even after hitting the end
+        >>> next(it), next(it), next(it)
+        ('0', '1', '2')
+
+    Call :meth:`peek` to look ahead one item without advancing the iterator:
+
+        >>> it = seekable('1234')
+        >>> it.peek()
+        '1'
+        >>> list(it)
+        ['1', '2', '3', '4']
+        >>> it.peek(default='empty')
+        'empty'
+
+    Before the iterator is at its end, calling :func:`bool` on it will return
+    ``True``. After it will return ``False``:
+
+        >>> it = seekable('5678')
+        >>> bool(it)
+        True
+        >>> list(it)
+        ['5', '6', '7', '8']
+        >>> bool(it)
+        False
+
+    You may view the contents of the cache with the :meth:`elements` method.
+    That returns a :class:`SequenceView`, a view that updates automatically:
+
+        >>> it = seekable((str(n) for n in range(10)))
+        >>> next(it), next(it), next(it)
+        ('0', '1', '2')
+        >>> elements = it.elements()
+        >>> elements
+        SequenceView(['0', '1', '2'])
+        >>> next(it)
+        '3'
+        >>> elements
+        SequenceView(['0', '1', '2', '3'])
+
+    By default, the cache grows as the source iterable progresses, so beware of
+    wrapping very large or infinite iterables. Supply *maxlen* to limit the
+    size of the cache (this of course limits how far back you can seek).
+
+        >>> from itertools import count
+        >>> it = seekable((str(n) for n in count()), maxlen=2)
+        >>> next(it), next(it), next(it), next(it)
+        ('0', '1', '2', '3')
+        >>> list(it.elements())
+        ['2', '3']
+        >>> it.seek(0)
+        >>> next(it), next(it), next(it), next(it)
+        ('2', '3', '4', '5')
+        >>> next(it)
+        '6'
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, iterable, maxlen=None):
+        self._source = iter(iterable)
+        if maxlen is None:
+            self._cache = []
+        else:
+            self._cache = deque([], maxlen)
+        self._index = None
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        if self._index is not None:
+            try:
+                item = self._cache[self._index]
+            except IndexError:
+                self._index = None
+            else:
+                self._index += 1
+                return item
+
+        item = next(self._source)
+        self._cache.append(item)
+        return item
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        try:
+            self.peek()
+        except StopIteration:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def peek(self, default=_marker):
+        try:
+            peeked = next(self)
+        except StopIteration:
+            if default is _marker:
+                raise
+            return default
+        if self._index is None:
+            self._index = len(self._cache)
+        self._index -= 1
+        return peeked
+
+    def elements(self):
+        return SequenceView(self._cache)
+
+    def seek(self, index):
+        self._index = index
+        remainder = index - len(self._cache)
+        if remainder > 0:
+            consume(self, remainder)
+
+
+class run_length:
+    """
+    :func:`run_length.encode` compresses an iterable with run-length encoding.
+    It yields groups of repeated items with the count of how many times they
+    were repeated:
+
+        >>> uncompressed = 'abbcccdddd'
+        >>> list(run_length.encode(uncompressed))
+        [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4)]
+
+    :func:`run_length.decode` decompresses an iterable that was previously
+    compressed with run-length encoding. It yields the items of the
+    decompressed iterable:
+
+        >>> compressed = [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4)]
+        >>> list(run_length.decode(compressed))
+        ['a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'c', 'c', 'd', 'd', 'd', 'd']
+
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode(iterable):
+        return ((k, ilen(g)) for k, g in groupby(iterable))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def decode(iterable):
+        return chain.from_iterable(repeat(k, n) for k, n in iterable)
+
+
+def exactly_n(iterable, n, predicate=bool):
+    """Return ``True`` if exactly ``n`` items in the iterable are ``True``
+    according to the *predicate* function.
+
+        >>> exactly_n([True, True, False], 2)
+        True
+        >>> exactly_n([True, True, False], 1)
+        False
+        >>> exactly_n([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 3, lambda x: x < 3)
+        True
+
+    The iterable will be advanced until ``n + 1`` truthy items are encountered,
+    so avoid calling it on infinite iterables.
+
+    """
+    return len(take(n + 1, filter(predicate, iterable))) == n
+
+
+def circular_shifts(iterable):
+    """Return a list of circular shifts of *iterable*.
+
+    >>> circular_shifts(range(4))
+    [(0, 1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3, 0), (2, 3, 0, 1), (3, 0, 1, 2)]
+    """
+    lst = list(iterable)
+    return take(len(lst), windowed(cycle(lst), len(lst)))
+
+
+def make_decorator(wrapping_func, result_index=0):
+    """Return a decorator version of *wrapping_func*, which is a function that
+    modifies an iterable. *result_index* is the position in that function's
+    signature where the iterable goes.
+
+    This lets you use itertools on the "production end," i.e. at function
+    definition. This can augment what the function returns without changing the
+    function's code.
+
+    For example, to produce a decorator version of :func:`chunked`:
+
+        >>> from more_itertools import chunked
+        >>> chunker = make_decorator(chunked, result_index=0)
+        >>> @chunker(3)
+        ... def iter_range(n):
+        ...     return iter(range(n))
+        ...
+        >>> list(iter_range(9))
+        [[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8]]
+
+    To only allow truthy items to be returned:
+
+        >>> truth_serum = make_decorator(filter, result_index=1)
+        >>> @truth_serum(bool)
+        ... def boolean_test():
+        ...     return [0, 1, '', ' ', False, True]
+        ...
+        >>> list(boolean_test())
+        [1, ' ', True]
+
+    The :func:`peekable` and :func:`seekable` wrappers make for practical
+    decorators:
+
+        >>> from more_itertools import peekable
+        >>> peekable_function = make_decorator(peekable)
+        >>> @peekable_function()
+        ... def str_range(*args):
+        ...     return (str(x) for x in range(*args))
+        ...
+        >>> it = str_range(1, 20, 2)
+        >>> next(it), next(it), next(it)
+        ('1', '3', '5')
+        >>> it.peek()
+        '7'
+        >>> next(it)
+        '7'
+
+    """
+    # See https://sites.google.com/site/bbayles/index/decorator_factory for
+    # notes on how this works.
+    def decorator(*wrapping_args, **wrapping_kwargs):
+        def outer_wrapper(f):
+            def inner_wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+                result = f(*args, **kwargs)
+                wrapping_args_ = list(wrapping_args)
+                wrapping_args_.insert(result_index, result)
+                return wrapping_func(*wrapping_args_, **wrapping_kwargs)
+
+            return inner_wrapper
+
+        return outer_wrapper
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def map_reduce(iterable, keyfunc, valuefunc=None, reducefunc=None):
+    """Return a dictionary that maps the items in *iterable* to categories
+    defined by *keyfunc*, transforms them with *valuefunc*, and
+    then summarizes them by category with *reducefunc*.
+
+    *valuefunc* defaults to the identity function if it is unspecified.
+    If *reducefunc* is unspecified, no summarization takes place:
+
+        >>> keyfunc = lambda x: x.upper()
+        >>> result = map_reduce('abbccc', keyfunc)
+        >>> sorted(result.items())
+        [('A', ['a']), ('B', ['b', 'b']), ('C', ['c', 'c', 'c'])]
+
+    Specifying *valuefunc* transforms the categorized items:
+
+        >>> keyfunc = lambda x: x.upper()
+        >>> valuefunc = lambda x: 1
+        >>> result = map_reduce('abbccc', keyfunc, valuefunc)
+        >>> sorted(result.items())
+        [('A', [1]), ('B', [1, 1]), ('C', [1, 1, 1])]
+
+    Specifying *reducefunc* summarizes the categorized items:
+
+        >>> keyfunc = lambda x: x.upper()
+        >>> valuefunc = lambda x: 1
+        >>> reducefunc = sum
+        >>> result = map_reduce('abbccc', keyfunc, valuefunc, reducefunc)
+        >>> sorted(result.items())
+        [('A', 1), ('B', 2), ('C', 3)]
+
+    You may want to filter the input iterable before applying the map/reduce
+    procedure:
+
+        >>> all_items = range(30)
+        >>> items = [x for x in all_items if 10 <= x <= 20]  # Filter
+        >>> keyfunc = lambda x: x % 2  # Evens map to 0; odds to 1
+        >>> categories = map_reduce(items, keyfunc=keyfunc)
+        >>> sorted(categories.items())
+        [(0, [10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20]), (1, [11, 13, 15, 17, 19])]
+        >>> summaries = map_reduce(items, keyfunc=keyfunc, reducefunc=sum)
+        >>> sorted(summaries.items())
+        [(0, 90), (1, 75)]
+
+    Note that all items in the iterable are gathered into a list before the
+    summarization step, which may require significant storage.
+
+    The returned object is a :obj:`collections.defaultdict` with the
+    ``default_factory`` set to ``None``, such that it behaves like a normal
+    dictionary.
+
+    """
+    valuefunc = (lambda x: x) if (valuefunc is None) else valuefunc
+
+    ret = defaultdict(list)
+    for item in iterable:
+        key = keyfunc(item)
+        value = valuefunc(item)
+        ret[key].append(value)
+
+    if reducefunc is not None:
+        for key, value_list in ret.items():
+            ret[key] = reducefunc(value_list)
+
+    ret.default_factory = None
+    return ret
+
+
+def rlocate(iterable, pred=bool, window_size=None):
+    """Yield the index of each item in *iterable* for which *pred* returns
+    ``True``, starting from the right and moving left.
+
+    *pred* defaults to :func:`bool`, which will select truthy items:
+
+        >>> list(rlocate([0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0]))  # Truthy at 1, 2, and 4
+        [4, 2, 1]
+
+    Set *pred* to a custom function to, e.g., find the indexes for a particular
+    item:
+
+        >>> iterable = iter('abcb')
+        >>> pred = lambda x: x == 'b'
+        >>> list(rlocate(iterable, pred))
+        [3, 1]
+
+    If *window_size* is given, then the *pred* function will be called with
+    that many items. This enables searching for sub-sequences:
+
+        >>> iterable = [0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3]
+        >>> pred = lambda *args: args == (1, 2, 3)
+        >>> list(rlocate(iterable, pred=pred, window_size=3))
+        [9, 5, 1]
+
+    Beware, this function won't return anything for infinite iterables.
+    If *iterable* is reversible, ``rlocate`` will reverse it and search from
+    the right. Otherwise, it will search from the left and return the results
+    in reverse order.
+
+    See :func:`locate` to for other example applications.
+
+    """
+    if window_size is None:
+        try:
+            len_iter = len(iterable)
+            return (len_iter - i - 1 for i in locate(reversed(iterable), pred))
+        except TypeError:
+            pass
+
+    return reversed(list(locate(iterable, pred, window_size)))
+
+
+def replace(iterable, pred, substitutes, count=None, window_size=1):
+    """Yield the items from *iterable*, replacing the items for which *pred*
+    returns ``True`` with the items from the iterable *substitutes*.
+
+        >>> iterable = [1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1]
+        >>> pred = lambda x: x == 0
+        >>> substitutes = (2, 3)
+        >>> list(replace(iterable, pred, substitutes))
+        [1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1]
+
+    If *count* is given, the number of replacements will be limited:
+
+        >>> iterable = [1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0]
+        >>> pred = lambda x: x == 0
+        >>> substitutes = [None]
+        >>> list(replace(iterable, pred, substitutes, count=2))
+        [1, 1, None, 1, 1, None, 1, 1, 0]
+
+    Use *window_size* to control the number of items passed as arguments to
+    *pred*. This allows for locating and replacing subsequences.
+
+        >>> iterable = [0, 1, 2, 5, 0, 1, 2, 5]
+        >>> window_size = 3
+        >>> pred = lambda *args: args == (0, 1, 2)  # 3 items passed to pred
+        >>> substitutes = [3, 4] # Splice in these items
+        >>> list(replace(iterable, pred, substitutes, window_size=window_size))
+        [3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5]
+
+    """
+    if window_size < 1:
+        raise ValueError('window_size must be at least 1')
+
+    # Save the substitutes iterable, since it's used more than once
+    substitutes = tuple(substitutes)
+
+    # Add padding such that the number of windows matches the length of the
+    # iterable
+    it = chain(iterable, [_marker] * (window_size - 1))
+    windows = windowed(it, window_size)
+
+    n = 0
+    for w in windows:
+        # If the current window matches our predicate (and we haven't hit
+        # our maximum number of replacements), splice in the substitutes
+        # and then consume the following windows that overlap with this one.
+        # For example, if the iterable is (0, 1, 2, 3, 4...)
+        # and the window size is 2, we have (0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3)...
+        # If the predicate matches on (0, 1), we need to zap (0, 1) and (1, 2)
+        if pred(*w):
+            if (count is None) or (n < count):
+                n += 1
+                yield from substitutes
+                consume(windows, window_size - 1)
+                continue
+
+        # If there was no match (or we've reached the replacement limit),
+        # yield the first item from the window.
+        if w and (w[0] is not _marker):
+            yield w[0]
+
+
+def partitions(iterable):
+    """Yield all possible order-preserving partitions of *iterable*.
+
+    >>> iterable = 'abc'
+    >>> for part in partitions(iterable):
+    ...     print([''.join(p) for p in part])
+    ['abc']
+    ['a', 'bc']
+    ['ab', 'c']
+    ['a', 'b', 'c']
+
+    This is unrelated to :func:`partition`.
+
+    """
+    sequence = list(iterable)
+    n = len(sequence)
+    for i in powerset(range(1, n)):
+        yield [sequence[i:j] for i, j in zip((0,) + i, i + (n,))]
+
+
+def set_partitions(iterable, k=None):
+    """
+    Yield the set partitions of *iterable* into *k* parts. Set partitions are
+    not order-preserving.
+
+    >>> iterable = 'abc'
+    >>> for part in set_partitions(iterable, 2):
+    ...     print([''.join(p) for p in part])
+    ['a', 'bc']
+    ['ab', 'c']
+    ['b', 'ac']
+
+
+    If *k* is not given, every set partition is generated.
+
+    >>> iterable = 'abc'
+    >>> for part in set_partitions(iterable):
+    ...     print([''.join(p) for p in part])
+    ['abc']
+    ['a', 'bc']
+    ['ab', 'c']
+    ['b', 'ac']
+    ['a', 'b', 'c']
+
+    """
+    L = list(iterable)
+    n = len(L)
+    if k is not None:
+        if k < 1:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Can't partition in a negative or zero number of groups"
+            )
+        elif k > n:
+            return
+
+    def set_partitions_helper(L, k):
+        n = len(L)
+        if k == 1:
+            yield [L]
+        elif n == k:
+            yield [[s] for s in L]
+        else:
+            e, *M = L
+            for p in set_partitions_helper(M, k - 1):
+                yield [[e], *p]
+            for p in set_partitions_helper(M, k):
+                for i in range(len(p)):
+                    yield p[:i] + [[e] + p[i]] + p[i + 1 :]
+
+    if k is None:
+        for k in range(1, n + 1):
+            yield from set_partitions_helper(L, k)
+    else:
+        yield from set_partitions_helper(L, k)
+
+
+class time_limited:
+    """
+    Yield items from *iterable* until *limit_seconds* have passed.
+    If the time limit expires before all items have been yielded, the
+    ``timed_out`` parameter will be set to ``True``.
+
+    >>> from time import sleep
+    >>> def generator():
+    ...     yield 1
+    ...     yield 2
+    ...     sleep(0.2)
+    ...     yield 3
+    >>> iterable = time_limited(0.1, generator())
+    >>> list(iterable)
+    [1, 2]
+    >>> iterable.timed_out
+    True
+
+    Note that the time is checked before each item is yielded, and iteration
+    stops if  the time elapsed is greater than *limit_seconds*. If your time
+    limit is 1 second, but it takes 2 seconds to generate the first item from
+    the iterable, the function will run for 2 seconds and not yield anything.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, limit_seconds, iterable):
+        if limit_seconds < 0:
+            raise ValueError('limit_seconds must be positive')
+        self.limit_seconds = limit_seconds
+        self._iterable = iter(iterable)
+        self._start_time = monotonic()
+        self.timed_out = False
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        item = next(self._iterable)
+        if monotonic() - self._start_time > self.limit_seconds:
+            self.timed_out = True
+            raise StopIteration
+
+        return item
+
+
+def only(iterable, default=None, too_long=None):
+    """If *iterable* has only one item, return it.
+    If it has zero items, return *default*.
+    If it has more than one item, raise the exception given by *too_long*,
+    which is ``ValueError`` by default.
+
+    >>> only([], default='missing')
+    'missing'
+    >>> only([1])
+    1
+    >>> only([1, 2])  # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: Expected exactly one item in iterable, but got 1, 2,
+     and perhaps more.'
+    >>> only([1, 2], too_long=TypeError)  # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    TypeError
+
+    Note that :func:`only` attempts to advance *iterable* twice to ensure there
+    is only one item.  See :func:`spy` or :func:`peekable` to check
+    iterable contents less destructively.
+    """
+    it = iter(iterable)
+    first_value = next(it, default)
+
+    try:
+        second_value = next(it)
+    except StopIteration:
+        pass
+    else:
+        msg = (
+            'Expected exactly one item in iterable, but got {!r}, {!r}, '
+            'and perhaps more.'.format(first_value, second_value)
+        )
+        raise too_long or ValueError(msg)
+
+    return first_value
+
+
+def ichunked(iterable, n):
+    """Break *iterable* into sub-iterables with *n* elements each.
+    :func:`ichunked` is like :func:`chunked`, but it yields iterables
+    instead of lists.
+
+    If the sub-iterables are read in order, the elements of *iterable*
+    won't be stored in memory.
+    If they are read out of order, :func:`itertools.tee` is used to cache
+    elements as necessary.
+
+    >>> from itertools import count
+    >>> all_chunks = ichunked(count(), 4)
+    >>> c_1, c_2, c_3 = next(all_chunks), next(all_chunks), next(all_chunks)
+    >>> list(c_2)  # c_1's elements have been cached; c_3's haven't been
+    [4, 5, 6, 7]
+    >>> list(c_1)
+    [0, 1, 2, 3]
+    >>> list(c_3)
+    [8, 9, 10, 11]
+
+    """
+    source = iter(iterable)
+
+    while True:
+        # Check to see whether we're at the end of the source iterable
+        item = next(source, _marker)
+        if item is _marker:
+            return
+
+        # Clone the source and yield an n-length slice
+        source, it = tee(chain([item], source))
+        yield islice(it, n)
+
+        # Advance the source iterable
+        consume(source, n)
+
+
+def distinct_combinations(iterable, r):
+    """Yield the distinct combinations of *r* items taken from *iterable*.
+
+        >>> list(distinct_combinations([0, 0, 1], 2))
+        [(0, 0), (0, 1)]
+
+    Equivalent to ``set(combinations(iterable))``, except duplicates are not
+    generated and thrown away. For larger input sequences this is much more
+    efficient.
+
+    """
+    if r < 0:
+        raise ValueError('r must be non-negative')
+    elif r == 0:
+        yield ()
+        return
+    pool = tuple(iterable)
+    generators = [unique_everseen(enumerate(pool), key=itemgetter(1))]
+    current_combo = [None] * r
+    level = 0
+    while generators:
+        try:
+            cur_idx, p = next(generators[-1])
+        except StopIteration:
+            generators.pop()
+            level -= 1
+            continue
+        current_combo[level] = p
+        if level + 1 == r:
+            yield tuple(current_combo)
+        else:
+            generators.append(
+                unique_everseen(
+                    enumerate(pool[cur_idx + 1 :], cur_idx + 1),
+                    key=itemgetter(1),
+                )
+            )
+            level += 1
+
+
+def filter_except(validator, iterable, *exceptions):
+    """Yield the items from *iterable* for which the *validator* function does
+    not raise one of the specified *exceptions*.
+
+    *validator* is called for each item in *iterable*.
+    It should be a function that accepts one argument and raises an exception
+    if that item is not valid.
+
+    >>> iterable = ['1', '2', 'three', '4', None]
+    >>> list(filter_except(int, iterable, ValueError, TypeError))
+    ['1', '2', '4']
+
+    If an exception other than one given by *exceptions* is raised by
+    *validator*, it is raised like normal.
+    """
+    for item in iterable:
+        try:
+            validator(item)
+        except exceptions:
+            pass
+        else:
+            yield item
+
+
+def map_except(function, iterable, *exceptions):
+    """Transform each item from *iterable* with *function* and yield the
+    result, unless *function* raises one of the specified *exceptions*.
+
+    *function* is called to transform each item in *iterable*.
+    It should be a accept one argument.
+
+    >>> iterable = ['1', '2', 'three', '4', None]
+    >>> list(map_except(int, iterable, ValueError, TypeError))
+    [1, 2, 4]
+
+    If an exception other than one given by *exceptions* is raised by
+    *function*, it is raised like normal.
+    """
+    for item in iterable:
+        try:
+            yield function(item)
+        except exceptions:
+            pass
+
+
+def _sample_unweighted(iterable, k):
+    # Implementation of "Algorithm L" from the 1994 paper by Kim-Hung Li:
+    # "Reservoir-Sampling Algorithms of Time Complexity O(n(1+log(N/n)))".
+
+    # Fill up the reservoir (collection of samples) with the first `k` samples
+    reservoir = take(k, iterable)
+
+    # Generate random number that's the largest in a sample of k U(0,1) numbers
+    # Largest order statistic: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_statistic
+    W = exp(log(random()) / k)
+
+    # The number of elements to skip before changing the reservoir is a random
+    # number with a geometric distribution. Sample it using random() and logs.
+    next_index = k + floor(log(random()) / log(1 - W))
+
+    for index, element in enumerate(iterable, k):
+
+        if index == next_index:
+            reservoir[randrange(k)] = element
+            # The new W is the largest in a sample of k U(0, `old_W`) numbers
+            W *= exp(log(random()) / k)
+            next_index += floor(log(random()) / log(1 - W)) + 1
+
+    return reservoir
+
+
+def _sample_weighted(iterable, k, weights):
+    # Implementation of "A-ExpJ" from the 2006 paper by Efraimidis et al. :
+    # "Weighted random sampling with a reservoir".
+
+    # Log-transform for numerical stability for weights that are small/large
+    weight_keys = (log(random()) / weight for weight in weights)
+
+    # Fill up the reservoir (collection of samples) with the first `k`
+    # weight-keys and elements, then heapify the list.
+    reservoir = take(k, zip(weight_keys, iterable))
+    heapify(reservoir)
+
+    # The number of jumps before changing the reservoir is a random variable
+    # with an exponential distribution. Sample it using random() and logs.
+    smallest_weight_key, _ = reservoir[0]
+    weights_to_skip = log(random()) / smallest_weight_key
+
+    for weight, element in zip(weights, iterable):
+        if weight >= weights_to_skip:
+            # The notation here is consistent with the paper, but we store
+            # the weight-keys in log-space for better numerical stability.
+            smallest_weight_key, _ = reservoir[0]
+            t_w = exp(weight * smallest_weight_key)
+            r_2 = uniform(t_w, 1)  # generate U(t_w, 1)
+            weight_key = log(r_2) / weight
+            heapreplace(reservoir, (weight_key, element))
+            smallest_weight_key, _ = reservoir[0]
+            weights_to_skip = log(random()) / smallest_weight_key
+        else:
+            weights_to_skip -= weight
+
+    # Equivalent to [element for weight_key, element in sorted(reservoir)]
+    return [heappop(reservoir)[1] for _ in range(k)]
+
+
+def sample(iterable, k, weights=None):
+    """Return a *k*-length list of elements chosen (without replacement)
+    from the *iterable*. Like :func:`random.sample`, but works on iterables
+    of unknown length.
+
+    >>> iterable = range(100)
+    >>> sample(iterable, 5)  # doctest: +SKIP
+    [81, 60, 96, 16, 4]
+
+    An iterable with *weights* may also be given:
+
+    >>> iterable = range(100)
+    >>> weights = (i * i + 1 for i in range(100))
+    >>> sampled = sample(iterable, 5, weights=weights)  # doctest: +SKIP
+    [79, 67, 74, 66, 78]
+
+    The algorithm can also be used to generate weighted random permutations.
+    The relative weight of each item determines the probability that it
+    appears late in the permutation.
+
+    >>> data = "abcdefgh"
+    >>> weights = range(1, len(data) + 1)
+    >>> sample(data, k=len(data), weights=weights)  # doctest: +SKIP
+    ['c', 'a', 'b', 'e', 'g', 'd', 'h', 'f']
+    """
+    if k == 0:
+        return []
+
+    iterable = iter(iterable)
+    if weights is None:
+        return _sample_unweighted(iterable, k)
+    else:
+        weights = iter(weights)
+        return _sample_weighted(iterable, k, weights)
+
+
+def is_sorted(iterable, key=None, reverse=False):
+    """Returns ``True`` if the items of iterable are in sorted order, and
+    ``False`` otherwise. *key* and *reverse* have the same meaning that they do
+    in the built-in :func:`sorted` function.
+
+    >>> is_sorted(['1', '2', '3', '4', '5'], key=int)
+    True
+    >>> is_sorted([5, 4, 3, 1, 2], reverse=True)
+    False
+
+    The function returns ``False`` after encountering the first out-of-order
+    item. If there are no out-of-order items, the iterable is exhausted.
+    """
+
+    compare = lt if reverse else gt
+    it = iterable if (key is None) else map(key, iterable)
+    return not any(starmap(compare, pairwise(it)))
+
+
+class AbortThread(BaseException):
+    pass
+
+
+class callback_iter:
+    """Convert a function that uses callbacks to an iterator.
+
+    Let *func* be a function that takes a `callback` keyword argument.
+    For example:
+
+    >>> def func(callback=None):
+    ...     for i, c in [(1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c')]:
+    ...         if callback:
+    ...             callback(i, c)
+    ...     return 4
+
+
+    Use ``with callback_iter(func)`` to get an iterator over the parameters
+    that are delivered to the callback.
+
+    >>> with callback_iter(func) as it:
+    ...     for args, kwargs in it:
+    ...         print(args)
+    (1, 'a')
+    (2, 'b')
+    (3, 'c')
+
+    The function will be called in a background thread. The ``done`` property
+    indicates whether it has completed execution.
+
+    >>> it.done
+    True
+
+    If it completes successfully, its return value will be available
+    in the ``result`` property.
+
+    >>> it.result
+    4
+
+    Notes:
+
+    * If the function uses some keyword argument besides ``callback``, supply
+      *callback_kwd*.
+    * If it finished executing, but raised an exception, accessing the
+      ``result`` property will raise the same exception.
+    * If it hasn't finished executing, accessing the ``result``
+      property from within the ``with`` block will raise ``RuntimeError``.
+    * If it hasn't finished executing, accessing the ``result`` property from
+      outside the ``with`` block will raise a
+      ``more_itertools.AbortThread`` exception.
+    * Provide *wait_seconds* to adjust how frequently the it is polled for
+      output.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, func, callback_kwd='callback', wait_seconds=0.1):
+        self._func = func
+        self._callback_kwd = callback_kwd
+        self._aborted = False
+        self._future = None
+        self._wait_seconds = wait_seconds
+        self._executor = ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=1)
+        self._iterator = self._reader()
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+        self._aborted = True
+        self._executor.shutdown()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        return next(self._iterator)
+
+    @property
+    def done(self):
+        if self._future is None:
+            return False
+        return self._future.done()
+
+    @property
+    def result(self):
+        if not self.done:
+            raise RuntimeError('Function has not yet completed')
+
+        return self._future.result()
+
+    def _reader(self):
+        q = Queue()
+
+        def callback(*args, **kwargs):
+            if self._aborted:
+                raise AbortThread('canceled by user')
+
+            q.put((args, kwargs))
+
+        self._future = self._executor.submit(
+            self._func, **{self._callback_kwd: callback}
+        )
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                item = q.get(timeout=self._wait_seconds)
+            except Empty:
+                pass
+            else:
+                q.task_done()
+                yield item
+
+            if self._future.done():
+                break
+
+        remaining = []
+        while True:
+            try:
+                item = q.get_nowait()
+            except Empty:
+                break
+            else:
+                q.task_done()
+                remaining.append(item)
+        q.join()
+        yield from remaining
+
+
+def windowed_complete(iterable, n):
+    """
+    Yield ``(beginning, middle, end)`` tuples, where:
+
+    * Each ``middle`` has *n* items from *iterable*
+    * Each ``beginning`` has the items before the ones in ``middle``
+    * Each ``end`` has the items after the ones in ``middle``
+
+    >>> iterable = range(7)
+    >>> n = 3
+    >>> for beginning, middle, end in windowed_complete(iterable, n):
+    ...     print(beginning, middle, end)
+    () (0, 1, 2) (3, 4, 5, 6)
+    (0,) (1, 2, 3) (4, 5, 6)
+    (0, 1) (2, 3, 4) (5, 6)
+    (0, 1, 2) (3, 4, 5) (6,)
+    (0, 1, 2, 3) (4, 5, 6) ()
+
+    Note that *n* must be at least 0 and most equal to the length of
+    *iterable*.
+
+    This function will exhaust the iterable and may require significant
+    storage.
+    """
+    if n < 0:
+        raise ValueError('n must be >= 0')
+
+    seq = tuple(iterable)
+    size = len(seq)
+
+    if n > size:
+        raise ValueError('n must be <= len(seq)')
+
+    for i in range(size - n + 1):
+        beginning = seq[:i]
+        middle = seq[i : i + n]
+        end = seq[i + n :]
+        yield beginning, middle, end
+
+
+def all_unique(iterable, key=None):
+    """
+    Returns ``True`` if all the elements of *iterable* are unique (no two
+    elements are equal).
+
+        >>> all_unique('ABCB')
+        False
+
+    If a *key* function is specified, it will be used to make comparisons.
+
+        >>> all_unique('ABCb')
+        True
+        >>> all_unique('ABCb', str.lower)
+        False
+
+    The function returns as soon as the first non-unique element is
+    encountered. Iterables with a mix of hashable and unhashable items can
+    be used, but the function will be slower for unhashable items.
+    """
+    seenset = set()
+    seenset_add = seenset.add
+    seenlist = []
+    seenlist_add = seenlist.append
+    for element in map(key, iterable) if key else iterable:
+        try:
+            if element in seenset:
+                return False
+            seenset_add(element)
+        except TypeError:
+            if element in seenlist:
+                return False
+            seenlist_add(element)
+    return True
+
+
+def nth_product(index, *args):
+    """Equivalent to ``list(product(*args))[index]``.
+
+    The products of *args* can be ordered lexicographically.
+    :func:`nth_product` computes the product at sort position *index* without
+    computing the previous products.
+
+        >>> nth_product(8, range(2), range(2), range(2), range(2))
+        (1, 0, 0, 0)
+
+    ``IndexError`` will be raised if the given *index* is invalid.
+    """
+    pools = list(map(tuple, reversed(args)))
+    ns = list(map(len, pools))
+
+    c = reduce(mul, ns)
+
+    if index < 0:
+        index += c
+
+    if not 0 <= index < c:
+        raise IndexError
+
+    result = []
+    for pool, n in zip(pools, ns):
+        result.append(pool[index % n])
+        index //= n
+
+    return tuple(reversed(result))
+
+
+def nth_permutation(iterable, r, index):
+    """Equivalent to ``list(permutations(iterable, r))[index]```
+
+    The subsequences of *iterable* that are of length *r* where order is
+    important can be ordered lexicographically. :func:`nth_permutation`
+    computes the subsequence at sort position *index* directly, without
+    computing the previous subsequences.
+
+        >>> nth_permutation('ghijk', 2, 5)
+        ('h', 'i')
+
+    ``ValueError`` will be raised If *r* is negative or greater than the length
+    of *iterable*.
+    ``IndexError`` will be raised if the given *index* is invalid.
+    """
+    pool = list(iterable)
+    n = len(pool)
+
+    if r is None or r == n:
+        r, c = n, factorial(n)
+    elif not 0 <= r < n:
+        raise ValueError
+    else:
+        c = factorial(n) // factorial(n - r)
+
+    if index < 0:
+        index += c
+
+    if not 0 <= index < c:
+        raise IndexError
+
+    if c == 0:
+        return tuple()
+
+    result = [0] * r
+    q = index * factorial(n) // c if r < n else index
+    for d in range(1, n + 1):
+        q, i = divmod(q, d)
+        if 0 <= n - d < r:
+            result[n - d] = i
+        if q == 0:
+            break
+
+    return tuple(map(pool.pop, result))
+
+
+def value_chain(*args):
+    """Yield all arguments passed to the function in the same order in which
+    they were passed. If an argument itself is iterable then iterate over its
+    values.
+
+        >>> list(value_chain(1, 2, 3, [4, 5, 6]))
+        [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+
+    Binary and text strings are not considered iterable and are emitted
+    as-is:
+
+        >>> list(value_chain('12', '34', ['56', '78']))
+        ['12', '34', '56', '78']
+
+
+    Multiple levels of nesting are not flattened.
+
+    """
+    for value in args:
+        if isinstance(value, (str, bytes)):
+            yield value
+            continue
+        try:
+            yield from value
+        except TypeError:
+            yield value
+
+
+def product_index(element, *args):
+    """Equivalent to ``list(product(*args)).index(element)``
+
+    The products of *args* can be ordered lexicographically.
+    :func:`product_index` computes the first index of *element* without
+    computing the previous products.
+
+        >>> product_index([8, 2], range(10), range(5))
+        42
+
+    ``ValueError`` will be raised if the given *element* isn't in the product
+    of *args*.
+    """
+    index = 0
+
+    for x, pool in zip_longest(element, args, fillvalue=_marker):
+        if x is _marker or pool is _marker:
+            raise ValueError('element is not a product of args')
+
+        pool = tuple(pool)
+        index = index * len(pool) + pool.index(x)
+
+    return index
+
+
+def combination_index(element, iterable):
+    """Equivalent to ``list(combinations(iterable, r)).index(element)``
+
+    The subsequences of *iterable* that are of length *r* can be ordered
+    lexicographically. :func:`combination_index` computes the index of the
+    first *element*, without computing the previous combinations.
+
+        >>> combination_index('adf', 'abcdefg')
+        10
+
+    ``ValueError`` will be raised if the given *element* isn't one of the
+    combinations of *iterable*.
+    """
+    element = enumerate(element)
+    k, y = next(element, (None, None))
+    if k is None:
+        return 0
+
+    indexes = []
+    pool = enumerate(iterable)
+    for n, x in pool:
+        if x == y:
+            indexes.append(n)
+            tmp, y = next(element, (None, None))
+            if tmp is None:
+                break
+            else:
+                k = tmp
+    else:
+        raise ValueError('element is not a combination of iterable')
+
+    n, _ = last(pool, default=(n, None))
+
+    # Python versiosn below 3.8 don't have math.comb
+    index = 1
+    for i, j in enumerate(reversed(indexes), start=1):
+        j = n - j
+        if i <= j:
+            index += factorial(j) // (factorial(i) * factorial(j - i))
+
+    return factorial(n + 1) // (factorial(k + 1) * factorial(n - k)) - index
+
+
+def permutation_index(element, iterable):
+    """Equivalent to ``list(permutations(iterable, r)).index(element)```
+
+    The subsequences of *iterable* that are of length *r* where order is
+    important can be ordered lexicographically. :func:`permutation_index`
+    computes the index of the first *element* directly, without computing
+    the previous permutations.
+
+        >>> permutation_index([1, 3, 2], range(5))
+        19
+
+    ``ValueError`` will be raised if the given *element* isn't one of the
+    permutations of *iterable*.
+    """
+    index = 0
+    pool = list(iterable)
+    for i, x in zip(range(len(pool), -1, -1), element):
+        r = pool.index(x)
+        index = index * i + r
+        del pool[r]
+
+    return index
+
+
+class countable:
+    """Wrap *iterable* and keep a count of how many items have been consumed.
+
+    The ``items_seen`` attribute starts at ``0`` and increments as the iterable
+    is consumed:
+
+        >>> iterable = map(str, range(10))
+        >>> it = countable(iterable)
+        >>> it.items_seen
+        0
+        >>> next(it), next(it)
+        ('0', '1')
+        >>> list(it)
+        ['2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9']
+        >>> it.items_seen
+        10
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, iterable):
+        self._it = iter(iterable)
+        self.items_seen = 0
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        item = next(self._it)
+        self.items_seen += 1
+
+        return item
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/more_itertools/recipes.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/more_itertools/recipes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..521abd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/more_itertools/recipes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
+"""Imported from the recipes section of the itertools documentation.
+
+All functions taken from the recipes section of the itertools library docs
+[1]_.
+Some backward-compatible usability improvements have been made.
+
+.. [1] http://docs.python.org/library/itertools.html#recipes
+
+"""
+import warnings
+from collections import deque
+from itertools import (
+    chain,
+    combinations,
+    count,
+    cycle,
+    groupby,
+    islice,
+    repeat,
+    starmap,
+    tee,
+    zip_longest,
+)
+import operator
+from random import randrange, sample, choice
+
+__all__ = [
+    'all_equal',
+    'consume',
+    'convolve',
+    'dotproduct',
+    'first_true',
+    'flatten',
+    'grouper',
+    'iter_except',
+    'ncycles',
+    'nth',
+    'nth_combination',
+    'padnone',
+    'pad_none',
+    'pairwise',
+    'partition',
+    'powerset',
+    'prepend',
+    'quantify',
+    'random_combination_with_replacement',
+    'random_combination',
+    'random_permutation',
+    'random_product',
+    'repeatfunc',
+    'roundrobin',
+    'tabulate',
+    'tail',
+    'take',
+    'unique_everseen',
+    'unique_justseen',
+]
+
+
+def take(n, iterable):
+    """Return first *n* items of the iterable as a list.
+
+        >>> take(3, range(10))
+        [0, 1, 2]
+
+    If there are fewer than *n* items in the iterable, all of them are
+    returned.
+
+        >>> take(10, range(3))
+        [0, 1, 2]
+
+    """
+    return list(islice(iterable, n))
+
+
+def tabulate(function, start=0):
+    """Return an iterator over the results of ``func(start)``,
+    ``func(start + 1)``, ``func(start + 2)``...
+
+    *func* should be a function that accepts one integer argument.
+
+    If *start* is not specified it defaults to 0. It will be incremented each
+    time the iterator is advanced.
+
+        >>> square = lambda x: x ** 2
+        >>> iterator = tabulate(square, -3)
+        >>> take(4, iterator)
+        [9, 4, 1, 0]
+
+    """
+    return map(function, count(start))
+
+
+def tail(n, iterable):
+    """Return an iterator over the last *n* items of *iterable*.
+
+    >>> t = tail(3, 'ABCDEFG')
+    >>> list(t)
+    ['E', 'F', 'G']
+
+    """
+    return iter(deque(iterable, maxlen=n))
+
+
+def consume(iterator, n=None):
+    """Advance *iterable* by *n* steps. If *n* is ``None``, consume it
+    entirely.
+
+    Efficiently exhausts an iterator without returning values. Defaults to
+    consuming the whole iterator, but an optional second argument may be
+    provided to limit consumption.
+
+        >>> i = (x for x in range(10))
+        >>> next(i)
+        0
+        >>> consume(i, 3)
+        >>> next(i)
+        4
+        >>> consume(i)
+        >>> next(i)
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+          File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
+        StopIteration
+
+    If the iterator has fewer items remaining than the provided limit, the
+    whole iterator will be consumed.
+
+        >>> i = (x for x in range(3))
+        >>> consume(i, 5)
+        >>> next(i)
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+          File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
+        StopIteration
+
+    """
+    # Use functions that consume iterators at C speed.
+    if n is None:
+        # feed the entire iterator into a zero-length deque
+        deque(iterator, maxlen=0)
+    else:
+        # advance to the empty slice starting at position n
+        next(islice(iterator, n, n), None)
+
+
+def nth(iterable, n, default=None):
+    """Returns the nth item or a default value.
+
+    >>> l = range(10)
+    >>> nth(l, 3)
+    3
+    >>> nth(l, 20, "zebra")
+    'zebra'
+
+    """
+    return next(islice(iterable, n, None), default)
+
+
+def all_equal(iterable):
+    """
+    Returns ``True`` if all the elements are equal to each other.
+
+        >>> all_equal('aaaa')
+        True
+        >>> all_equal('aaab')
+        False
+
+    """
+    g = groupby(iterable)
+    return next(g, True) and not next(g, False)
+
+
+def quantify(iterable, pred=bool):
+    """Return the how many times the predicate is true.
+
+    >>> quantify([True, False, True])
+    2
+
+    """
+    return sum(map(pred, iterable))
+
+
+def pad_none(iterable):
+    """Returns the sequence of elements and then returns ``None`` indefinitely.
+
+        >>> take(5, pad_none(range(3)))
+        [0, 1, 2, None, None]
+
+    Useful for emulating the behavior of the built-in :func:`map` function.
+
+    See also :func:`padded`.
+
+    """
+    return chain(iterable, repeat(None))
+
+
+padnone = pad_none
+
+
+def ncycles(iterable, n):
+    """Returns the sequence elements *n* times
+
+    >>> list(ncycles(["a", "b"], 3))
+    ['a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'a', 'b']
+
+    """
+    return chain.from_iterable(repeat(tuple(iterable), n))
+
+
+def dotproduct(vec1, vec2):
+    """Returns the dot product of the two iterables.
+
+    >>> dotproduct([10, 10], [20, 20])
+    400
+
+    """
+    return sum(map(operator.mul, vec1, vec2))
+
+
+def flatten(listOfLists):
+    """Return an iterator flattening one level of nesting in a list of lists.
+
+        >>> list(flatten([[0, 1], [2, 3]]))
+        [0, 1, 2, 3]
+
+    See also :func:`collapse`, which can flatten multiple levels of nesting.
+
+    """
+    return chain.from_iterable(listOfLists)
+
+
+def repeatfunc(func, times=None, *args):
+    """Call *func* with *args* repeatedly, returning an iterable over the
+    results.
+
+    If *times* is specified, the iterable will terminate after that many
+    repetitions:
+
+        >>> from operator import add
+        >>> times = 4
+        >>> args = 3, 5
+        >>> list(repeatfunc(add, times, *args))
+        [8, 8, 8, 8]
+
+    If *times* is ``None`` the iterable will not terminate:
+
+        >>> from random import randrange
+        >>> times = None
+        >>> args = 1, 11
+        >>> take(6, repeatfunc(randrange, times, *args))  # doctest:+SKIP
+        [2, 4, 8, 1, 8, 4]
+
+    """
+    if times is None:
+        return starmap(func, repeat(args))
+    return starmap(func, repeat(args, times))
+
+
+def _pairwise(iterable):
+    """Returns an iterator of paired items, overlapping, from the original
+
+    >>> take(4, pairwise(count()))
+    [(0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)]
+
+    On Python 3.10 and above, this is an alias for :func:`itertools.pairwise`.
+
+    """
+    a, b = tee(iterable)
+    next(b, None)
+    yield from zip(a, b)
+
+
+try:
+    from itertools import pairwise as itertools_pairwise
+except ImportError:
+    pairwise = _pairwise
+else:
+
+    def pairwise(iterable):
+        yield from itertools_pairwise(iterable)
+
+    pairwise.__doc__ = _pairwise.__doc__
+
+
+def grouper(iterable, n, fillvalue=None):
+    """Collect data into fixed-length chunks or blocks.
+
+    >>> list(grouper('ABCDEFG', 3, 'x'))
+    [('A', 'B', 'C'), ('D', 'E', 'F'), ('G', 'x', 'x')]
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(iterable, int):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "grouper expects iterable as first parameter", DeprecationWarning
+        )
+        n, iterable = iterable, n
+    args = [iter(iterable)] * n
+    return zip_longest(fillvalue=fillvalue, *args)
+
+
+def roundrobin(*iterables):
+    """Yields an item from each iterable, alternating between them.
+
+        >>> list(roundrobin('ABC', 'D', 'EF'))
+        ['A', 'D', 'E', 'B', 'F', 'C']
+
+    This function produces the same output as :func:`interleave_longest`, but
+    may perform better for some inputs (in particular when the number of
+    iterables is small).
+
+    """
+    # Recipe credited to George Sakkis
+    pending = len(iterables)
+    nexts = cycle(iter(it).__next__ for it in iterables)
+    while pending:
+        try:
+            for next in nexts:
+                yield next()
+        except StopIteration:
+            pending -= 1
+            nexts = cycle(islice(nexts, pending))
+
+
+def partition(pred, iterable):
+    """
+    Returns a 2-tuple of iterables derived from the input iterable.
+    The first yields the items that have ``pred(item) == False``.
+    The second yields the items that have ``pred(item) == True``.
+
+        >>> is_odd = lambda x: x % 2 != 0
+        >>> iterable = range(10)
+        >>> even_items, odd_items = partition(is_odd, iterable)
+        >>> list(even_items), list(odd_items)
+        ([0, 2, 4, 6, 8], [1, 3, 5, 7, 9])
+
+    If *pred* is None, :func:`bool` is used.
+
+        >>> iterable = [0, 1, False, True, '', ' ']
+        >>> false_items, true_items = partition(None, iterable)
+        >>> list(false_items), list(true_items)
+        ([0, False, ''], [1, True, ' '])
+
+    """
+    if pred is None:
+        pred = bool
+
+    evaluations = ((pred(x), x) for x in iterable)
+    t1, t2 = tee(evaluations)
+    return (
+        (x for (cond, x) in t1 if not cond),
+        (x for (cond, x) in t2 if cond),
+    )
+
+
+def powerset(iterable):
+    """Yields all possible subsets of the iterable.
+
+        >>> list(powerset([1, 2, 3]))
+        [(), (1,), (2,), (3,), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 3), (1, 2, 3)]
+
+    :func:`powerset` will operate on iterables that aren't :class:`set`
+    instances, so repeated elements in the input will produce repeated elements
+    in the output. Use :func:`unique_everseen` on the input to avoid generating
+    duplicates:
+
+        >>> seq = [1, 1, 0]
+        >>> list(powerset(seq))
+        [(), (1,), (1,), (0,), (1, 1), (1, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1, 0)]
+        >>> from more_itertools import unique_everseen
+        >>> list(powerset(unique_everseen(seq)))
+        [(), (1,), (0,), (1, 0)]
+
+    """
+    s = list(iterable)
+    return chain.from_iterable(combinations(s, r) for r in range(len(s) + 1))
+
+
+def unique_everseen(iterable, key=None):
+    """
+    Yield unique elements, preserving order.
+
+        >>> list(unique_everseen('AAAABBBCCDAABBB'))
+        ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
+        >>> list(unique_everseen('ABBCcAD', str.lower))
+        ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
+
+    Sequences with a mix of hashable and unhashable items can be used.
+    The function will be slower (i.e., `O(n^2)`) for unhashable items.
+
+    Remember that ``list`` objects are unhashable - you can use the *key*
+    parameter to transform the list to a tuple (which is hashable) to
+    avoid a slowdown.
+
+        >>> iterable = ([1, 2], [2, 3], [1, 2])
+        >>> list(unique_everseen(iterable))  # Slow
+        [[1, 2], [2, 3]]
+        >>> list(unique_everseen(iterable, key=tuple))  # Faster
+        [[1, 2], [2, 3]]
+
+    Similary, you may want to convert unhashable ``set`` objects with
+    ``key=frozenset``. For ``dict`` objects,
+    ``key=lambda x: frozenset(x.items())`` can be used.
+
+    """
+    seenset = set()
+    seenset_add = seenset.add
+    seenlist = []
+    seenlist_add = seenlist.append
+    use_key = key is not None
+
+    for element in iterable:
+        k = key(element) if use_key else element
+        try:
+            if k not in seenset:
+                seenset_add(k)
+                yield element
+        except TypeError:
+            if k not in seenlist:
+                seenlist_add(k)
+                yield element
+
+
+def unique_justseen(iterable, key=None):
+    """Yields elements in order, ignoring serial duplicates
+
+    >>> list(unique_justseen('AAAABBBCCDAABBB'))
+    ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'A', 'B']
+    >>> list(unique_justseen('ABBCcAD', str.lower))
+    ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'D']
+
+    """
+    return map(next, map(operator.itemgetter(1), groupby(iterable, key)))
+
+
+def iter_except(func, exception, first=None):
+    """Yields results from a function repeatedly until an exception is raised.
+
+    Converts a call-until-exception interface to an iterator interface.
+    Like ``iter(func, sentinel)``, but uses an exception instead of a sentinel
+    to end the loop.
+
+        >>> l = [0, 1, 2]
+        >>> list(iter_except(l.pop, IndexError))
+        [2, 1, 0]
+
+    """
+    try:
+        if first is not None:
+            yield first()
+        while 1:
+            yield func()
+    except exception:
+        pass
+
+
+def first_true(iterable, default=None, pred=None):
+    """
+    Returns the first true value in the iterable.
+
+    If no true value is found, returns *default*
+
+    If *pred* is not None, returns the first item for which
+    ``pred(item) == True`` .
+
+        >>> first_true(range(10))
+        1
+        >>> first_true(range(10), pred=lambda x: x > 5)
+        6
+        >>> first_true(range(10), default='missing', pred=lambda x: x > 9)
+        'missing'
+
+    """
+    return next(filter(pred, iterable), default)
+
+
+def random_product(*args, repeat=1):
+    """Draw an item at random from each of the input iterables.
+
+        >>> random_product('abc', range(4), 'XYZ')  # doctest:+SKIP
+        ('c', 3, 'Z')
+
+    If *repeat* is provided as a keyword argument, that many items will be
+    drawn from each iterable.
+
+        >>> random_product('abcd', range(4), repeat=2)  # doctest:+SKIP
+        ('a', 2, 'd', 3)
+
+    This equivalent to taking a random selection from
+    ``itertools.product(*args, **kwarg)``.
+
+    """
+    pools = [tuple(pool) for pool in args] * repeat
+    return tuple(choice(pool) for pool in pools)
+
+
+def random_permutation(iterable, r=None):
+    """Return a random *r* length permutation of the elements in *iterable*.
+
+    If *r* is not specified or is ``None``, then *r* defaults to the length of
+    *iterable*.
+
+        >>> random_permutation(range(5))  # doctest:+SKIP
+        (3, 4, 0, 1, 2)
+
+    This equivalent to taking a random selection from
+    ``itertools.permutations(iterable, r)``.
+
+    """
+    pool = tuple(iterable)
+    r = len(pool) if r is None else r
+    return tuple(sample(pool, r))
+
+
+def random_combination(iterable, r):
+    """Return a random *r* length subsequence of the elements in *iterable*.
+
+        >>> random_combination(range(5), 3)  # doctest:+SKIP
+        (2, 3, 4)
+
+    This equivalent to taking a random selection from
+    ``itertools.combinations(iterable, r)``.
+
+    """
+    pool = tuple(iterable)
+    n = len(pool)
+    indices = sorted(sample(range(n), r))
+    return tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)
+
+
+def random_combination_with_replacement(iterable, r):
+    """Return a random *r* length subsequence of elements in *iterable*,
+    allowing individual elements to be repeated.
+
+        >>> random_combination_with_replacement(range(3), 5) # doctest:+SKIP
+        (0, 0, 1, 2, 2)
+
+    This equivalent to taking a random selection from
+    ``itertools.combinations_with_replacement(iterable, r)``.
+
+    """
+    pool = tuple(iterable)
+    n = len(pool)
+    indices = sorted(randrange(n) for i in range(r))
+    return tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)
+
+
+def nth_combination(iterable, r, index):
+    """Equivalent to ``list(combinations(iterable, r))[index]``.
+
+    The subsequences of *iterable* that are of length *r* can be ordered
+    lexicographically. :func:`nth_combination` computes the subsequence at
+    sort position *index* directly, without computing the previous
+    subsequences.
+
+        >>> nth_combination(range(5), 3, 5)
+        (0, 3, 4)
+
+    ``ValueError`` will be raised If *r* is negative or greater than the length
+    of *iterable*.
+    ``IndexError`` will be raised if the given *index* is invalid.
+    """
+    pool = tuple(iterable)
+    n = len(pool)
+    if (r < 0) or (r > n):
+        raise ValueError
+
+    c = 1
+    k = min(r, n - r)
+    for i in range(1, k + 1):
+        c = c * (n - k + i) // i
+
+    if index < 0:
+        index += c
+
+    if (index < 0) or (index >= c):
+        raise IndexError
+
+    result = []
+    while r:
+        c, n, r = c * r // n, n - 1, r - 1
+        while index >= c:
+            index -= c
+            c, n = c * (n - r) // n, n - 1
+        result.append(pool[-1 - n])
+
+    return tuple(result)
+
+
+def prepend(value, iterator):
+    """Yield *value*, followed by the elements in *iterator*.
+
+        >>> value = '0'
+        >>> iterator = ['1', '2', '3']
+        >>> list(prepend(value, iterator))
+        ['0', '1', '2', '3']
+
+    To prepend multiple values, see :func:`itertools.chain`
+    or :func:`value_chain`.
+
+    """
+    return chain([value], iterator)
+
+
+def convolve(signal, kernel):
+    """Convolve the iterable *signal* with the iterable *kernel*.
+
+        >>> signal = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+        >>> kernel = [3, 2, 1]
+        >>> list(convolve(signal, kernel))
+        [3, 8, 14, 20, 26, 14, 5]
+
+    Note: the input arguments are not interchangeable, as the *kernel*
+    is immediately consumed and stored.
+
+    """
+    kernel = tuple(kernel)[::-1]
+    n = len(kernel)
+    window = deque([0], maxlen=n) * n
+    for x in chain(signal, repeat(0, n - 1)):
+        window.append(x)
+        yield sum(map(operator.mul, kernel, window))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/ordered_set.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/ordered_set.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1487600
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/ordered_set.py
@@ -0,0 +1,488 @@
+"""
+An OrderedSet is a custom MutableSet that remembers its order, so that every
+entry has an index that can be looked up.
+
+Based on a recipe originally posted to ActiveState Recipes by Raymond Hettiger,
+and released under the MIT license.
+"""
+import itertools as it
+from collections import deque
+
+try:
+    # Python 3
+    from collections.abc import MutableSet, Sequence
+except ImportError:
+    # Python 2.7
+    from collections import MutableSet, Sequence
+
+SLICE_ALL = slice(None)
+__version__ = "3.1"
+
+
+def is_iterable(obj):
+    """
+    Are we being asked to look up a list of things, instead of a single thing?
+    We check for the `__iter__` attribute so that this can cover types that
+    don't have to be known by this module, such as NumPy arrays.
+
+    Strings, however, should be considered as atomic values to look up, not
+    iterables. The same goes for tuples, since they are immutable and therefore
+    valid entries.
+
+    We don't need to check for the Python 2 `unicode` type, because it doesn't
+    have an `__iter__` attribute anyway.
+    """
+    return (
+        hasattr(obj, "__iter__")
+        and not isinstance(obj, str)
+        and not isinstance(obj, tuple)
+    )
+
+
+class OrderedSet(MutableSet, Sequence):
+    """
+    An OrderedSet is a custom MutableSet that remembers its order, so that
+    every entry has an index that can be looked up.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> OrderedSet([1, 1, 2, 3, 2])
+        OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, iterable=None):
+        self.items = []
+        self.map = {}
+        if iterable is not None:
+            self |= iterable
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        """
+        Returns the number of unique elements in the ordered set
+
+        Example:
+            >>> len(OrderedSet([]))
+            0
+            >>> len(OrderedSet([1, 2]))
+            2
+        """
+        return len(self.items)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        """
+        Get the item at a given index.
+
+        If `index` is a slice, you will get back that slice of items, as a
+        new OrderedSet.
+
+        If `index` is a list or a similar iterable, you'll get a list of
+        items corresponding to those indices. This is similar to NumPy's
+        "fancy indexing". The result is not an OrderedSet because you may ask
+        for duplicate indices, and the number of elements returned should be
+        the number of elements asked for.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> oset = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+            >>> oset[1]
+            2
+        """
+        if isinstance(index, slice) and index == SLICE_ALL:
+            return self.copy()
+        elif is_iterable(index):
+            return [self.items[i] for i in index]
+        elif hasattr(index, "__index__") or isinstance(index, slice):
+            result = self.items[index]
+            if isinstance(result, list):
+                return self.__class__(result)
+            else:
+                return result
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Don't know how to index an OrderedSet by %r" % index)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """
+        Return a shallow copy of this object.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> this = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+            >>> other = this.copy()
+            >>> this == other
+            True
+            >>> this is other
+            False
+        """
+        return self.__class__(self)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        if len(self) == 0:
+            # The state can't be an empty list.
+            # We need to return a truthy value, or else __setstate__ won't be run.
+            #
+            # This could have been done more gracefully by always putting the state
+            # in a tuple, but this way is backwards- and forwards- compatible with
+            # previous versions of OrderedSet.
+            return (None,)
+        else:
+            return list(self)
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        if state == (None,):
+            self.__init__([])
+        else:
+            self.__init__(state)
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        """
+        Test if the item is in this ordered set
+
+        Example:
+            >>> 1 in OrderedSet([1, 3, 2])
+            True
+            >>> 5 in OrderedSet([1, 3, 2])
+            False
+        """
+        return key in self.map
+
+    def add(self, key):
+        """
+        Add `key` as an item to this OrderedSet, then return its index.
+
+        If `key` is already in the OrderedSet, return the index it already
+        had.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> oset = OrderedSet()
+            >>> oset.append(3)
+            0
+            >>> print(oset)
+            OrderedSet([3])
+        """
+        if key not in self.map:
+            self.map[key] = len(self.items)
+            self.items.append(key)
+        return self.map[key]
+
+    append = add
+
+    def update(self, sequence):
+        """
+        Update the set with the given iterable sequence, then return the index
+        of the last element inserted.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> oset = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+            >>> oset.update([3, 1, 5, 1, 4])
+            4
+            >>> print(oset)
+            OrderedSet([1, 2, 3, 5, 4])
+        """
+        item_index = None
+        try:
+            for item in sequence:
+                item_index = self.add(item)
+        except TypeError:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Argument needs to be an iterable, got %s" % type(sequence)
+            )
+        return item_index
+
+    def index(self, key):
+        """
+        Get the index of a given entry, raising an IndexError if it's not
+        present.
+
+        `key` can be an iterable of entries that is not a string, in which case
+        this returns a list of indices.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> oset = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+            >>> oset.index(2)
+            1
+        """
+        if is_iterable(key):
+            return [self.index(subkey) for subkey in key]
+        return self.map[key]
+
+    # Provide some compatibility with pd.Index
+    get_loc = index
+    get_indexer = index
+
+    def pop(self):
+        """
+        Remove and return the last element from the set.
+
+        Raises KeyError if the set is empty.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> oset = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+            >>> oset.pop()
+            3
+        """
+        if not self.items:
+            raise KeyError("Set is empty")
+
+        elem = self.items[-1]
+        del self.items[-1]
+        del self.map[elem]
+        return elem
+
+    def discard(self, key):
+        """
+        Remove an element.  Do not raise an exception if absent.
+
+        The MutableSet mixin uses this to implement the .remove() method, which
+        *does* raise an error when asked to remove a non-existent item.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> oset = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+            >>> oset.discard(2)
+            >>> print(oset)
+            OrderedSet([1, 3])
+            >>> oset.discard(2)
+            >>> print(oset)
+            OrderedSet([1, 3])
+        """
+        if key in self:
+            i = self.map[key]
+            del self.items[i]
+            del self.map[key]
+            for k, v in self.map.items():
+                if v >= i:
+                    self.map[k] = v - 1
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """
+        Remove all items from this OrderedSet.
+        """
+        del self.items[:]
+        self.map.clear()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """
+        Example:
+            >>> list(iter(OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])))
+            [1, 2, 3]
+        """
+        return iter(self.items)
+
+    def __reversed__(self):
+        """
+        Example:
+            >>> list(reversed(OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])))
+            [3, 2, 1]
+        """
+        return reversed(self.items)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if not self:
+            return "%s()" % (self.__class__.__name__,)
+        return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, list(self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """
+        Returns true if the containers have the same items. If `other` is a
+        Sequence, then order is checked, otherwise it is ignored.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> oset = OrderedSet([1, 3, 2])
+            >>> oset == [1, 3, 2]
+            True
+            >>> oset == [1, 2, 3]
+            False
+            >>> oset == [2, 3]
+            False
+            >>> oset == OrderedSet([3, 2, 1])
+            False
+        """
+        # In Python 2 deque is not a Sequence, so treat it as one for
+        # consistent behavior with Python 3.
+        if isinstance(other, (Sequence, deque)):
+            # Check that this OrderedSet contains the same elements, in the
+            # same order, as the other object.
+            return list(self) == list(other)
+        try:
+            other_as_set = set(other)
+        except TypeError:
+            # If `other` can't be converted into a set, it's not equal.
+            return False
+        else:
+            return set(self) == other_as_set
+
+    def union(self, *sets):
+        """
+        Combines all unique items.
+        Each items order is defined by its first appearance.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> oset = OrderedSet.union(OrderedSet([3, 1, 4, 1, 5]), [1, 3], [2, 0])
+            >>> print(oset)
+            OrderedSet([3, 1, 4, 5, 2, 0])
+            >>> oset.union([8, 9])
+            OrderedSet([3, 1, 4, 5, 2, 0, 8, 9])
+            >>> oset | {10}
+            OrderedSet([3, 1, 4, 5, 2, 0, 10])
+        """
+        cls = self.__class__ if isinstance(self, OrderedSet) else OrderedSet
+        containers = map(list, it.chain([self], sets))
+        items = it.chain.from_iterable(containers)
+        return cls(items)
+
+    def __and__(self, other):
+        # the parent implementation of this is backwards
+        return self.intersection(other)
+
+    def intersection(self, *sets):
+        """
+        Returns elements in common between all sets. Order is defined only
+        by the first set.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> oset = OrderedSet.intersection(OrderedSet([0, 1, 2, 3]), [1, 2, 3])
+            >>> print(oset)
+            OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+            >>> oset.intersection([2, 4, 5], [1, 2, 3, 4])
+            OrderedSet([2])
+            >>> oset.intersection()
+            OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+        """
+        cls = self.__class__ if isinstance(self, OrderedSet) else OrderedSet
+        if sets:
+            common = set.intersection(*map(set, sets))
+            items = (item for item in self if item in common)
+        else:
+            items = self
+        return cls(items)
+
+    def difference(self, *sets):
+        """
+        Returns all elements that are in this set but not the others.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 2, 3]).difference(OrderedSet([2]))
+            OrderedSet([1, 3])
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 2, 3]).difference(OrderedSet([2]), OrderedSet([3]))
+            OrderedSet([1])
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 2, 3]) - OrderedSet([2])
+            OrderedSet([1, 3])
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 2, 3]).difference()
+            OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+        """
+        cls = self.__class__
+        if sets:
+            other = set.union(*map(set, sets))
+            items = (item for item in self if item not in other)
+        else:
+            items = self
+        return cls(items)
+
+    def issubset(self, other):
+        """
+        Report whether another set contains this set.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 2, 3]).issubset({1, 2})
+            False
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 2, 3]).issubset({1, 2, 3, 4})
+            True
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 2, 3]).issubset({1, 4, 3, 5})
+            False
+        """
+        if len(self) > len(other):  # Fast check for obvious cases
+            return False
+        return all(item in other for item in self)
+
+    def issuperset(self, other):
+        """
+        Report whether this set contains another set.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 2]).issuperset([1, 2, 3])
+            False
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 2, 3, 4]).issuperset({1, 2, 3})
+            True
+            >>> OrderedSet([1, 4, 3, 5]).issuperset({1, 2, 3})
+            False
+        """
+        if len(self) < len(other):  # Fast check for obvious cases
+            return False
+        return all(item in self for item in other)
+
+    def symmetric_difference(self, other):
+        """
+        Return the symmetric difference of two OrderedSets as a new set.
+        That is, the new set will contain all elements that are in exactly
+        one of the sets.
+
+        Their order will be preserved, with elements from `self` preceding
+        elements from `other`.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> this = OrderedSet([1, 4, 3, 5, 7])
+            >>> other = OrderedSet([9, 7, 1, 3, 2])
+            >>> this.symmetric_difference(other)
+            OrderedSet([4, 5, 9, 2])
+        """
+        cls = self.__class__ if isinstance(self, OrderedSet) else OrderedSet
+        diff1 = cls(self).difference(other)
+        diff2 = cls(other).difference(self)
+        return diff1.union(diff2)
+
+    def _update_items(self, items):
+        """
+        Replace the 'items' list of this OrderedSet with a new one, updating
+        self.map accordingly.
+        """
+        self.items = items
+        self.map = {item: idx for (idx, item) in enumerate(items)}
+
+    def difference_update(self, *sets):
+        """
+        Update this OrderedSet to remove items from one or more other sets.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> this = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
+            >>> this.difference_update(OrderedSet([2, 4]))
+            >>> print(this)
+            OrderedSet([1, 3])
+
+            >>> this = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+            >>> this.difference_update(OrderedSet([2, 4]), OrderedSet([1, 4, 6]))
+            >>> print(this)
+            OrderedSet([3, 5])
+        """
+        items_to_remove = set()
+        for other in sets:
+            items_to_remove |= set(other)
+        self._update_items([item for item in self.items if item not in items_to_remove])
+
+    def intersection_update(self, other):
+        """
+        Update this OrderedSet to keep only items in another set, preserving
+        their order in this set.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> this = OrderedSet([1, 4, 3, 5, 7])
+            >>> other = OrderedSet([9, 7, 1, 3, 2])
+            >>> this.intersection_update(other)
+            >>> print(this)
+            OrderedSet([1, 3, 7])
+        """
+        other = set(other)
+        self._update_items([item for item in self.items if item in other])
+
+    def symmetric_difference_update(self, other):
+        """
+        Update this OrderedSet to remove items from another set, then
+        add items from the other set that were not present in this set.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> this = OrderedSet([1, 4, 3, 5, 7])
+            >>> other = OrderedSet([9, 7, 1, 3, 2])
+            >>> this.symmetric_difference_update(other)
+            >>> print(this)
+            OrderedSet([4, 5, 9, 2])
+        """
+        items_to_add = [item for item in other if item not in self]
+        items_to_remove = set(other)
+        self._update_items(
+            [item for item in self.items if item not in items_to_remove] + items_to_add
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c359122
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__",
+    "__summary__",
+    "__uri__",
+    "__version__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__email__",
+    "__license__",
+    "__copyright__",
+]
+
+__title__ = "packaging"
+__summary__ = "Core utilities for Python packages"
+__uri__ = "https://github.com/pypa/packaging"
+
+__version__ = "21.2"
+
+__author__ = "Donald Stufft and individual contributors"
+__email__ = "donald@stufft.io"
+
+__license__ = "BSD-2-Clause or Apache-2.0"
+__copyright__ = "2014-2019 %s" % __author__
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c50c5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+from .__about__ import (
+    __author__,
+    __copyright__,
+    __email__,
+    __license__,
+    __summary__,
+    __title__,
+    __uri__,
+    __version__,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__",
+    "__summary__",
+    "__uri__",
+    "__version__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__email__",
+    "__license__",
+    "__copyright__",
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_manylinux.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_manylinux.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c379aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_manylinux.py
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+import collections
+import functools
+import os
+import re
+import struct
+import sys
+import warnings
+from typing import IO, Dict, Iterator, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple
+
+
+# Python does not provide platform information at sufficient granularity to
+# identify the architecture of the running executable in some cases, so we
+# determine it dynamically by reading the information from the running
+# process. This only applies on Linux, which uses the ELF format.
+class _ELFFileHeader:
+    # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format#File_header
+    class _InvalidELFFileHeader(ValueError):
+        """
+        An invalid ELF file header was found.
+        """
+
+    ELF_MAGIC_NUMBER = 0x7F454C46
+    ELFCLASS32 = 1
+    ELFCLASS64 = 2
+    ELFDATA2LSB = 1
+    ELFDATA2MSB = 2
+    EM_386 = 3
+    EM_S390 = 22
+    EM_ARM = 40
+    EM_X86_64 = 62
+    EF_ARM_ABIMASK = 0xFF000000
+    EF_ARM_ABI_VER5 = 0x05000000
+    EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD = 0x00000400
+
+    def __init__(self, file: IO[bytes]) -> None:
+        def unpack(fmt: str) -> int:
+            try:
+                data = file.read(struct.calcsize(fmt))
+                result: Tuple[int, ...] = struct.unpack(fmt, data)
+            except struct.error:
+                raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+            return result[0]
+
+        self.e_ident_magic = unpack(">I")
+        if self.e_ident_magic != self.ELF_MAGIC_NUMBER:
+            raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+        self.e_ident_class = unpack("B")
+        if self.e_ident_class not in {self.ELFCLASS32, self.ELFCLASS64}:
+            raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+        self.e_ident_data = unpack("B")
+        if self.e_ident_data not in {self.ELFDATA2LSB, self.ELFDATA2MSB}:
+            raise _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader()
+        self.e_ident_version = unpack("B")
+        self.e_ident_osabi = unpack("B")
+        self.e_ident_abiversion = unpack("B")
+        self.e_ident_pad = file.read(7)
+        format_h = "<H" if self.e_ident_data == self.ELFDATA2LSB else ">H"
+        format_i = "<I" if self.e_ident_data == self.ELFDATA2LSB else ">I"
+        format_q = "<Q" if self.e_ident_data == self.ELFDATA2LSB else ">Q"
+        format_p = format_i if self.e_ident_class == self.ELFCLASS32 else format_q
+        self.e_type = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_machine = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_version = unpack(format_i)
+        self.e_entry = unpack(format_p)
+        self.e_phoff = unpack(format_p)
+        self.e_shoff = unpack(format_p)
+        self.e_flags = unpack(format_i)
+        self.e_ehsize = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_phentsize = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_phnum = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_shentsize = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_shnum = unpack(format_h)
+        self.e_shstrndx = unpack(format_h)
+
+
+def _get_elf_header() -> Optional[_ELFFileHeader]:
+    try:
+        with open(sys.executable, "rb") as f:
+            elf_header = _ELFFileHeader(f)
+    except (OSError, TypeError, _ELFFileHeader._InvalidELFFileHeader):
+        return None
+    return elf_header
+
+
+def _is_linux_armhf() -> bool:
+    # hard-float ABI can be detected from the ELF header of the running
+    # process
+    # https://static.docs.arm.com/ihi0044/g/aaelf32.pdf
+    elf_header = _get_elf_header()
+    if elf_header is None:
+        return False
+    result = elf_header.e_ident_class == elf_header.ELFCLASS32
+    result &= elf_header.e_ident_data == elf_header.ELFDATA2LSB
+    result &= elf_header.e_machine == elf_header.EM_ARM
+    result &= (
+        elf_header.e_flags & elf_header.EF_ARM_ABIMASK
+    ) == elf_header.EF_ARM_ABI_VER5
+    result &= (
+        elf_header.e_flags & elf_header.EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD
+    ) == elf_header.EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD
+    return result
+
+
+def _is_linux_i686() -> bool:
+    elf_header = _get_elf_header()
+    if elf_header is None:
+        return False
+    result = elf_header.e_ident_class == elf_header.ELFCLASS32
+    result &= elf_header.e_ident_data == elf_header.ELFDATA2LSB
+    result &= elf_header.e_machine == elf_header.EM_386
+    return result
+
+
+def _have_compatible_abi(arch: str) -> bool:
+    if arch == "armv7l":
+        return _is_linux_armhf()
+    if arch == "i686":
+        return _is_linux_i686()
+    return arch in {"x86_64", "aarch64", "ppc64", "ppc64le", "s390x"}
+
+
+# If glibc ever changes its major version, we need to know what the last
+# minor version was, so we can build the complete list of all versions.
+# For now, guess what the highest minor version might be, assume it will
+# be 50 for testing. Once this actually happens, update the dictionary
+# with the actual value.
+_LAST_GLIBC_MINOR: Dict[int, int] = collections.defaultdict(lambda: 50)
+
+
+class _GLibCVersion(NamedTuple):
+    major: int
+    minor: int
+
+
+def _glibc_version_string_confstr() -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Primary implementation of glibc_version_string using os.confstr.
+    """
+    # os.confstr is quite a bit faster than ctypes.DLL. It's also less likely
+    # to be broken or missing. This strategy is used in the standard library
+    # platform module.
+    # https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/fcf1d003bf4f0100c/Lib/platform.py#L175-L183
+    try:
+        # os.confstr("CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION") returns a string like "glibc 2.17".
+        version_string = os.confstr("CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION")
+        assert version_string is not None
+        _, version = version_string.split()
+    except (AssertionError, AttributeError, OSError, ValueError):
+        # os.confstr() or CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION not available (or a bad value)...
+        return None
+    return version
+
+
+def _glibc_version_string_ctypes() -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Fallback implementation of glibc_version_string using ctypes.
+    """
+    try:
+        import ctypes
+    except ImportError:
+        return None
+
+    # ctypes.CDLL(None) internally calls dlopen(NULL), and as the dlopen
+    # manpage says, "If filename is NULL, then the returned handle is for the
+    # main program". This way we can let the linker do the work to figure out
+    # which libc our process is actually using.
+    #
+    # We must also handle the special case where the executable is not a
+    # dynamically linked executable. This can occur when using musl libc,
+    # for example. In this situation, dlopen() will error, leading to an
+    # OSError. Interestingly, at least in the case of musl, there is no
+    # errno set on the OSError. The single string argument used to construct
+    # OSError comes from libc itself and is therefore not portable to
+    # hard code here. In any case, failure to call dlopen() means we
+    # can proceed, so we bail on our attempt.
+    try:
+        process_namespace = ctypes.CDLL(None)
+    except OSError:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        gnu_get_libc_version = process_namespace.gnu_get_libc_version
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Symbol doesn't exist -> therefore, we are not linked to
+        # glibc.
+        return None
+
+    # Call gnu_get_libc_version, which returns a string like "2.5"
+    gnu_get_libc_version.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
+    version_str: str = gnu_get_libc_version()
+    # py2 / py3 compatibility:
+    if not isinstance(version_str, str):
+        version_str = version_str.decode("ascii")
+
+    return version_str
+
+
+def _glibc_version_string() -> Optional[str]:
+    """Returns glibc version string, or None if not using glibc."""
+    return _glibc_version_string_confstr() or _glibc_version_string_ctypes()
+
+
+def _parse_glibc_version(version_str: str) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    """Parse glibc version.
+
+    We use a regexp instead of str.split because we want to discard any
+    random junk that might come after the minor version -- this might happen
+    in patched/forked versions of glibc (e.g. Linaro's version of glibc
+    uses version strings like "2.20-2014.11"). See gh-3588.
+    """
+    m = re.match(r"(?P<major>[0-9]+)\.(?P<minor>[0-9]+)", version_str)
+    if not m:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Expected glibc version with 2 components major.minor,"
+            " got: %s" % version_str,
+            RuntimeWarning,
+        )
+        return -1, -1
+    return int(m.group("major")), int(m.group("minor"))
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache()
+def _get_glibc_version() -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    version_str = _glibc_version_string()
+    if version_str is None:
+        return (-1, -1)
+    return _parse_glibc_version(version_str)
+
+
+# From PEP 513, PEP 600
+def _is_compatible(name: str, arch: str, version: _GLibCVersion) -> bool:
+    sys_glibc = _get_glibc_version()
+    if sys_glibc < version:
+        return False
+    # Check for presence of _manylinux module.
+    try:
+        import _manylinux  # noqa
+    except ImportError:
+        return True
+    if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux_compatible"):
+        result = _manylinux.manylinux_compatible(version[0], version[1], arch)
+        if result is not None:
+            return bool(result)
+        return True
+    if version == _GLibCVersion(2, 5):
+        if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux1_compatible"):
+            return bool(_manylinux.manylinux1_compatible)
+    if version == _GLibCVersion(2, 12):
+        if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux2010_compatible"):
+            return bool(_manylinux.manylinux2010_compatible)
+    if version == _GLibCVersion(2, 17):
+        if hasattr(_manylinux, "manylinux2014_compatible"):
+            return bool(_manylinux.manylinux2014_compatible)
+    return True
+
+
+_LEGACY_MANYLINUX_MAP = {
+    # CentOS 7 w/ glibc 2.17 (PEP 599)
+    (2, 17): "manylinux2014",
+    # CentOS 6 w/ glibc 2.12 (PEP 571)
+    (2, 12): "manylinux2010",
+    # CentOS 5 w/ glibc 2.5 (PEP 513)
+    (2, 5): "manylinux1",
+}
+
+
+def platform_tags(linux: str, arch: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    if not _have_compatible_abi(arch):
+        return
+    # Oldest glibc to be supported regardless of architecture is (2, 17).
+    too_old_glibc2 = _GLibCVersion(2, 16)
+    if arch in {"x86_64", "i686"}:
+        # On x86/i686 also oldest glibc to be supported is (2, 5).
+        too_old_glibc2 = _GLibCVersion(2, 4)
+    current_glibc = _GLibCVersion(*_get_glibc_version())
+    glibc_max_list = [current_glibc]
+    # We can assume compatibility across glibc major versions.
+    # https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24636
+    #
+    # Build a list of maximum glibc versions so that we can
+    # output the canonical list of all glibc from current_glibc
+    # down to too_old_glibc2, including all intermediary versions.
+    for glibc_major in range(current_glibc.major - 1, 1, -1):
+        glibc_minor = _LAST_GLIBC_MINOR[glibc_major]
+        glibc_max_list.append(_GLibCVersion(glibc_major, glibc_minor))
+    for glibc_max in glibc_max_list:
+        if glibc_max.major == too_old_glibc2.major:
+            min_minor = too_old_glibc2.minor
+        else:
+            # For other glibc major versions oldest supported is (x, 0).
+            min_minor = -1
+        for glibc_minor in range(glibc_max.minor, min_minor, -1):
+            glibc_version = _GLibCVersion(glibc_max.major, glibc_minor)
+            tag = "manylinux_{}_{}".format(*glibc_version)
+            if _is_compatible(tag, arch, glibc_version):
+                yield linux.replace("linux", tag)
+            # Handle the legacy manylinux1, manylinux2010, manylinux2014 tags.
+            if glibc_version in _LEGACY_MANYLINUX_MAP:
+                legacy_tag = _LEGACY_MANYLINUX_MAP[glibc_version]
+                if _is_compatible(legacy_tag, arch, glibc_version):
+                    yield linux.replace("linux", legacy_tag)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_musllinux.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_musllinux.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85450fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_musllinux.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+"""PEP 656 support.
+
+This module implements logic to detect if the currently running Python is
+linked against musl, and what musl version is used.
+"""
+
+import contextlib
+import functools
+import operator
+import os
+import re
+import struct
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from typing import IO, Iterator, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple
+
+
+def _read_unpacked(f: IO[bytes], fmt: str) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+    return struct.unpack(fmt, f.read(struct.calcsize(fmt)))
+
+
+def _parse_ld_musl_from_elf(f: IO[bytes]) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Detect musl libc location by parsing the Python executable.
+
+    Based on: https://gist.github.com/lyssdod/f51579ae8d93c8657a5564aefc2ffbca
+    ELF header: https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/elf/gabi4+/ch4.eheader.html
+    """
+    f.seek(0)
+    try:
+        ident = _read_unpacked(f, "16B")
+    except struct.error:
+        return None
+    if ident[:4] != tuple(b"\x7fELF"):  # Invalid magic, not ELF.
+        return None
+    f.seek(struct.calcsize("HHI"), 1)  # Skip file type, machine, and version.
+
+    try:
+        # e_fmt: Format for program header.
+        # p_fmt: Format for section header.
+        # p_idx: Indexes to find p_type, p_offset, and p_filesz.
+        e_fmt, p_fmt, p_idx = {
+            1: ("IIIIHHH", "IIIIIIII", (0, 1, 4)),  # 32-bit.
+            2: ("QQQIHHH", "IIQQQQQQ", (0, 2, 5)),  # 64-bit.
+        }[ident[4]]
+    except KeyError:
+        return None
+    else:
+        p_get = operator.itemgetter(*p_idx)
+
+    # Find the interpreter section and return its content.
+    try:
+        _, e_phoff, _, _, _, e_phentsize, e_phnum = _read_unpacked(f, e_fmt)
+    except struct.error:
+        return None
+    for i in range(e_phnum + 1):
+        f.seek(e_phoff + e_phentsize * i)
+        try:
+            p_type, p_offset, p_filesz = p_get(_read_unpacked(f, p_fmt))
+        except struct.error:
+            return None
+        if p_type != 3:  # Not PT_INTERP.
+            continue
+        f.seek(p_offset)
+        interpreter = os.fsdecode(f.read(p_filesz)).strip("\0")
+        if "musl" not in interpreter:
+            return None
+        return interpreter
+    return None
+
+
+class _MuslVersion(NamedTuple):
+    major: int
+    minor: int
+
+
+def _parse_musl_version(output: str) -> Optional[_MuslVersion]:
+    lines = [n for n in (n.strip() for n in output.splitlines()) if n]
+    if len(lines) < 2 or lines[0][:4] != "musl":
+        return None
+    m = re.match(r"Version (\d+)\.(\d+)", lines[1])
+    if not m:
+        return None
+    return _MuslVersion(major=int(m.group(1)), minor=int(m.group(2)))
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache()
+def _get_musl_version(executable: str) -> Optional[_MuslVersion]:
+    """Detect currently-running musl runtime version.
+
+    This is done by checking the specified executable's dynamic linking
+    information, and invoking the loader to parse its output for a version
+    string. If the loader is musl, the output would be something like::
+
+        musl libc (x86_64)
+        Version 1.2.2
+        Dynamic Program Loader
+    """
+    with contextlib.ExitStack() as stack:
+        try:
+            f = stack.enter_context(open(executable, "rb"))
+        except IOError:
+            return None
+        ld = _parse_ld_musl_from_elf(f)
+    if not ld:
+        return None
+    proc = subprocess.run([ld], stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
+    return _parse_musl_version(proc.stderr)
+
+
+def platform_tags(arch: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Generate musllinux tags compatible to the current platform.
+
+    :param arch: Should be the part of platform tag after the ``linux_``
+        prefix, e.g. ``x86_64``. The ``linux_`` prefix is assumed as a
+        prerequisite for the current platform to be musllinux-compatible.
+
+    :returns: An iterator of compatible musllinux tags.
+    """
+    sys_musl = _get_musl_version(sys.executable)
+    if sys_musl is None:  # Python not dynamically linked against musl.
+        return
+    for minor in range(sys_musl.minor, -1, -1):
+        yield f"musllinux_{sys_musl.major}_{minor}_{arch}"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import sysconfig
+
+    plat = sysconfig.get_platform()
+    assert plat.startswith("linux-"), "not linux"
+
+    print("plat:", plat)
+    print("musl:", _get_musl_version(sys.executable))
+    print("tags:", end=" ")
+    for t in platform_tags(re.sub(r"[.-]", "_", plat.split("-", 1)[-1])):
+        print(t, end="\n      ")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9515497
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+
+class InfinityType:
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __le__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return not isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __neg__(self: object) -> "NegativeInfinityType":
+        return NegativeInfinity
+
+
+Infinity = InfinityType()
+
+
+class NegativeInfinityType:
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "-Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __le__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return not isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __neg__(self: object) -> InfinityType:
+        return Infinity
+
+
+NegativeInfinity = NegativeInfinityType()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/markers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb0541b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import operator
+import os
+import platform
+import sys
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from setuptools.extern.pyparsing import (  # noqa: N817
+    Forward,
+    Group,
+    Literal as L,
+    ParseException,
+    ParseResults,
+    QuotedString,
+    ZeroOrMore,
+    stringEnd,
+    stringStart,
+)
+
+from .specifiers import InvalidSpecifier, Specifier
+
+__all__ = [
+    "InvalidMarker",
+    "UndefinedComparison",
+    "UndefinedEnvironmentName",
+    "Marker",
+    "default_environment",
+]
+
+Operator = Callable[[str, str], bool]
+
+
+class InvalidMarker(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid marker was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedComparison(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid operation was attempted on a value that doesn't support it.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedEnvironmentName(ValueError):
+    """
+    A name was attempted to be used that does not exist inside of the
+    environment.
+    """
+
+
+class Node:
+    def __init__(self, value: Any) -> None:
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.value)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__}('{self}')>"
+
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Variable(Node):
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+class Value(Node):
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        return f'"{self}"'
+
+
+class Op(Node):
+    def serialize(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+
+VARIABLE = (
+    L("implementation_version")
+    | L("platform_python_implementation")
+    | L("implementation_name")
+    | L("python_full_version")
+    | L("platform_release")
+    | L("platform_version")
+    | L("platform_machine")
+    | L("platform_system")
+    | L("python_version")
+    | L("sys_platform")
+    | L("os_name")
+    | L("os.name")  # PEP-345
+    | L("sys.platform")  # PEP-345
+    | L("platform.version")  # PEP-345
+    | L("platform.machine")  # PEP-345
+    | L("platform.python_implementation")  # PEP-345
+    | L("python_implementation")  # undocumented setuptools legacy
+    | L("extra")  # PEP-508
+)
+ALIASES = {
+    "os.name": "os_name",
+    "sys.platform": "sys_platform",
+    "platform.version": "platform_version",
+    "platform.machine": "platform_machine",
+    "platform.python_implementation": "platform_python_implementation",
+    "python_implementation": "platform_python_implementation",
+}
+VARIABLE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Variable(ALIASES.get(t[0], t[0])))
+
+VERSION_CMP = (
+    L("===") | L("==") | L(">=") | L("<=") | L("!=") | L("~=") | L(">") | L("<")
+)
+
+MARKER_OP = VERSION_CMP | L("not in") | L("in")
+MARKER_OP.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Op(t[0]))
+
+MARKER_VALUE = QuotedString("'") | QuotedString('"')
+MARKER_VALUE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Value(t[0]))
+
+BOOLOP = L("and") | L("or")
+
+MARKER_VAR = VARIABLE | MARKER_VALUE
+
+MARKER_ITEM = Group(MARKER_VAR + MARKER_OP + MARKER_VAR)
+MARKER_ITEM.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: tuple(t[0]))
+
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+
+MARKER_EXPR = Forward()
+MARKER_ATOM = MARKER_ITEM | Group(LPAREN + MARKER_EXPR + RPAREN)
+MARKER_EXPR << MARKER_ATOM + ZeroOrMore(BOOLOP + MARKER_EXPR)
+
+MARKER = stringStart + MARKER_EXPR + stringEnd
+
+
+def _coerce_parse_result(results: Union[ParseResults, List[Any]]) -> List[Any]:
+    if isinstance(results, ParseResults):
+        return [_coerce_parse_result(i) for i in results]
+    else:
+        return results
+
+
+def _format_marker(
+    marker: Union[List[str], Tuple[Node, ...], str], first: Optional[bool] = True
+) -> str:
+
+    assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, str))
+
+    # Sometimes we have a structure like [[...]] which is a single item list
+    # where the single item is itself it's own list. In that case we want skip
+    # the rest of this function so that we don't get extraneous () on the
+    # outside.
+    if (
+        isinstance(marker, list)
+        and len(marker) == 1
+        and isinstance(marker[0], (list, tuple))
+    ):
+        return _format_marker(marker[0])
+
+    if isinstance(marker, list):
+        inner = (_format_marker(m, first=False) for m in marker)
+        if first:
+            return " ".join(inner)
+        else:
+            return "(" + " ".join(inner) + ")"
+    elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+        return " ".join([m.serialize() for m in marker])
+    else:
+        return marker
+
+
+_operators: Dict[str, Operator] = {
+    "in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs in rhs,
+    "not in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs not in rhs,
+    "<": operator.lt,
+    "<=": operator.le,
+    "==": operator.eq,
+    "!=": operator.ne,
+    ">=": operator.ge,
+    ">": operator.gt,
+}
+
+
+def _eval_op(lhs: str, op: Op, rhs: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        spec = Specifier("".join([op.serialize(), rhs]))
+    except InvalidSpecifier:
+        pass
+    else:
+        return spec.contains(lhs)
+
+    oper: Optional[Operator] = _operators.get(op.serialize())
+    if oper is None:
+        raise UndefinedComparison(f"Undefined {op!r} on {lhs!r} and {rhs!r}.")
+
+    return oper(lhs, rhs)
+
+
+class Undefined:
+    pass
+
+
+_undefined = Undefined()
+
+
+def _get_env(environment: Dict[str, str], name: str) -> str:
+    value: Union[str, Undefined] = environment.get(name, _undefined)
+
+    if isinstance(value, Undefined):
+        raise UndefinedEnvironmentName(
+            f"{name!r} does not exist in evaluation environment."
+        )
+
+    return value
+
+
+def _evaluate_markers(markers: List[Any], environment: Dict[str, str]) -> bool:
+    groups: List[List[bool]] = [[]]
+
+    for marker in markers:
+        assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, str))
+
+        if isinstance(marker, list):
+            groups[-1].append(_evaluate_markers(marker, environment))
+        elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+            lhs, op, rhs = marker
+
+            if isinstance(lhs, Variable):
+                lhs_value = _get_env(environment, lhs.value)
+                rhs_value = rhs.value
+            else:
+                lhs_value = lhs.value
+                rhs_value = _get_env(environment, rhs.value)
+
+            groups[-1].append(_eval_op(lhs_value, op, rhs_value))
+        else:
+            assert marker in ["and", "or"]
+            if marker == "or":
+                groups.append([])
+
+    return any(all(item) for item in groups)
+
+
+def format_full_version(info: "sys._version_info") -> str:
+    version = "{0.major}.{0.minor}.{0.micro}".format(info)
+    kind = info.releaselevel
+    if kind != "final":
+        version += kind[0] + str(info.serial)
+    return version
+
+
+def default_environment() -> Dict[str, str]:
+    iver = format_full_version(sys.implementation.version)
+    implementation_name = sys.implementation.name
+    return {
+        "implementation_name": implementation_name,
+        "implementation_version": iver,
+        "os_name": os.name,
+        "platform_machine": platform.machine(),
+        "platform_release": platform.release(),
+        "platform_system": platform.system(),
+        "platform_version": platform.version(),
+        "python_full_version": platform.python_version(),
+        "platform_python_implementation": platform.python_implementation(),
+        "python_version": ".".join(platform.python_version_tuple()[:2]),
+        "sys_platform": sys.platform,
+    }
+
+
+class Marker:
+    def __init__(self, marker: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            self._markers = _coerce_parse_result(MARKER.parseString(marker))
+        except ParseException as e:
+            raise InvalidMarker(
+                f"Invalid marker: {marker!r}, parse error at "
+                f"{marker[e.loc : e.loc + 8]!r}"
+            )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return _format_marker(self._markers)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Marker('{self}')>"
+
+    def evaluate(self, environment: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None) -> bool:
+        """Evaluate a marker.
+
+        Return the boolean from evaluating the given marker against the
+        environment. environment is an optional argument to override all or
+        part of the determined environment.
+
+        The environment is determined from the current Python process.
+        """
+        current_environment = default_environment()
+        if environment is not None:
+            current_environment.update(environment)
+
+        return _evaluate_markers(self._markers, current_environment)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d93231
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import re
+import string
+import urllib.parse
+from typing import List, Optional as TOptional, Set
+
+from setuptools.extern.pyparsing import (  # noqa
+    Combine,
+    Literal as L,
+    Optional,
+    ParseException,
+    Regex,
+    Word,
+    ZeroOrMore,
+    originalTextFor,
+    stringEnd,
+    stringStart,
+)
+
+from .markers import MARKER_EXPR, Marker
+from .specifiers import LegacySpecifier, Specifier, SpecifierSet
+
+
+class InvalidRequirement(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid requirement was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+ALPHANUM = Word(string.ascii_letters + string.digits)
+
+LBRACKET = L("[").suppress()
+RBRACKET = L("]").suppress()
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+COMMA = L(",").suppress()
+SEMICOLON = L(";").suppress()
+AT = L("@").suppress()
+
+PUNCTUATION = Word("-_.")
+IDENTIFIER_END = ALPHANUM | (ZeroOrMore(PUNCTUATION) + ALPHANUM)
+IDENTIFIER = Combine(ALPHANUM + ZeroOrMore(IDENTIFIER_END))
+
+NAME = IDENTIFIER("name")
+EXTRA = IDENTIFIER
+
+URI = Regex(r"[^ ]+")("url")
+URL = AT + URI
+
+EXTRAS_LIST = EXTRA + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + EXTRA)
+EXTRAS = (LBRACKET + Optional(EXTRAS_LIST) + RBRACKET)("extras")
+
+VERSION_PEP440 = Regex(Specifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+VERSION_LEGACY = Regex(LegacySpecifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+VERSION_ONE = VERSION_PEP440 ^ VERSION_LEGACY
+VERSION_MANY = Combine(
+    VERSION_ONE + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + VERSION_ONE), joinString=",", adjacent=False
+)("_raw_spec")
+_VERSION_SPEC = Optional((LPAREN + VERSION_MANY + RPAREN) | VERSION_MANY)
+_VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t._raw_spec or "")
+
+VERSION_SPEC = originalTextFor(_VERSION_SPEC)("specifier")
+VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t[1])
+
+MARKER_EXPR = originalTextFor(MARKER_EXPR())("marker")
+MARKER_EXPR.setParseAction(
+    lambda s, l, t: Marker(s[t._original_start : t._original_end])
+)
+MARKER_SEPARATOR = SEMICOLON
+MARKER = MARKER_SEPARATOR + MARKER_EXPR
+
+VERSION_AND_MARKER = VERSION_SPEC + Optional(MARKER)
+URL_AND_MARKER = URL + Optional(MARKER)
+
+NAMED_REQUIREMENT = NAME + Optional(EXTRAS) + (URL_AND_MARKER | VERSION_AND_MARKER)
+
+REQUIREMENT = stringStart + NAMED_REQUIREMENT + stringEnd
+# setuptools.extern.pyparsing isn't thread safe during initialization, so we do it eagerly, see
+# issue #104
+REQUIREMENT.parseString("x[]")
+
+
+class Requirement:
+    """Parse a requirement.
+
+    Parse a given requirement string into its parts, such as name, specifier,
+    URL, and extras. Raises InvalidRequirement on a badly-formed requirement
+    string.
+    """
+
+    # TODO: Can we test whether something is contained within a requirement?
+    #       If so how do we do that? Do we need to test against the _name_ of
+    #       the thing as well as the version? What about the markers?
+    # TODO: Can we normalize the name and extra name?
+
+    def __init__(self, requirement_string: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            req = REQUIREMENT.parseString(requirement_string)
+        except ParseException as e:
+            raise InvalidRequirement(
+                f'Parse error at "{ requirement_string[e.loc : e.loc + 8]!r}": {e.msg}'
+            )
+
+        self.name: str = req.name
+        if req.url:
+            parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(req.url)
+            if parsed_url.scheme == "file":
+                if urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed_url) != req.url:
+                    raise InvalidRequirement("Invalid URL given")
+            elif not (parsed_url.scheme and parsed_url.netloc) or (
+                not parsed_url.scheme and not parsed_url.netloc
+            ):
+                raise InvalidRequirement(f"Invalid URL: {req.url}")
+            self.url: TOptional[str] = req.url
+        else:
+            self.url = None
+        self.extras: Set[str] = set(req.extras.asList() if req.extras else [])
+        self.specifier: SpecifierSet = SpecifierSet(req.specifier)
+        self.marker: TOptional[Marker] = req.marker if req.marker else None
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        parts: List[str] = [self.name]
+
+        if self.extras:
+            formatted_extras = ",".join(sorted(self.extras))
+            parts.append(f"[{formatted_extras}]")
+
+        if self.specifier:
+            parts.append(str(self.specifier))
+
+        if self.url:
+            parts.append(f"@ {self.url}")
+            if self.marker:
+                parts.append(" ")
+
+        if self.marker:
+            parts.append(f"; {self.marker}")
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Requirement('{self}')>"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce66bd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,828 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import abc
+import functools
+import itertools
+import re
+import warnings
+from typing import (
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from .utils import canonicalize_version
+from .version import LegacyVersion, Version, parse
+
+ParsedVersion = Union[Version, LegacyVersion]
+UnparsedVersion = Union[Version, LegacyVersion, str]
+VersionTypeVar = TypeVar("VersionTypeVar", bound=UnparsedVersion)
+CallableOperator = Callable[[ParsedVersion, str], bool]
+
+
+class InvalidSpecifier(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid specifier was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class BaseSpecifier(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Returns the str representation of this Specifier like object. This
+        should be representative of the Specifier itself.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Returns a hash value for this Specifier like object.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        """
+        Returns a boolean representing whether or not the two Specifier like
+        objects are equal.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        """
+        Returns a boolean representing whether or not the two Specifier like
+        objects are not equal.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractproperty
+    def prereleases(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        """
+        Returns whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        """
+        Sets whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def contains(self, item: str, prereleases: Optional[bool] = None) -> bool:
+        """
+        Determines if the given item is contained within this specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def filter(
+        self, iterable: Iterable[VersionTypeVar], prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[VersionTypeVar]:
+        """
+        Takes an iterable of items and filters them so that only items which
+        are contained within this specifier are allowed in it.
+        """
+
+
+class _IndividualSpecifier(BaseSpecifier):
+
+    _operators: Dict[str, str] = {}
+    _regex: Pattern[str]
+
+    def __init__(self, spec: str = "", prereleases: Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+        match = self._regex.search(spec)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidSpecifier(f"Invalid specifier: '{spec}'")
+
+        self._spec: Tuple[str, str] = (
+            match.group("operator").strip(),
+            match.group("version").strip(),
+        )
+
+        # Store whether or not this Specifier should accept prereleases
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        pre = (
+            f", prereleases={self.prereleases!r}"
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return "<{}({!r}{})>".format(self.__class__.__name__, str(self), pre)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "{}{}".format(*self._spec)
+
+    @property
+    def _canonical_spec(self) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+        return self._spec[0], canonicalize_version(self._spec[1])
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._canonical_spec)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            try:
+                other = self.__class__(str(other))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                return NotImplemented
+        elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._canonical_spec == other._canonical_spec
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            try:
+                other = self.__class__(str(other))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                return NotImplemented
+        elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._spec != other._spec
+
+    def _get_operator(self, op: str) -> CallableOperator:
+        operator_callable: CallableOperator = getattr(
+            self, f"_compare_{self._operators[op]}"
+        )
+        return operator_callable
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version: UnparsedVersion) -> ParsedVersion:
+        if not isinstance(version, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            version = parse(version)
+        return version
+
+    @property
+    def operator(self) -> str:
+        return self._spec[0]
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> str:
+        return self._spec[1]
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return self._prereleases
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item: str) -> bool:
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(
+        self, item: UnparsedVersion, prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+
+        # Determine if prereleases are to be allowed or not.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # Normalize item to a Version or LegacyVersion, this allows us to have
+        # a shortcut for ``"2.0" in Specifier(">=2")
+        normalized_item = self._coerce_version(item)
+
+        # Determine if we should be supporting prereleases in this specifier
+        # or not, if we do not support prereleases than we can short circuit
+        # logic if this version is a prereleases.
+        if normalized_item.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+            return False
+
+        # Actually do the comparison to determine if this item is contained
+        # within this Specifier or not.
+        operator_callable: CallableOperator = self._get_operator(self.operator)
+        return operator_callable(normalized_item, self.version)
+
+    def filter(
+        self, iterable: Iterable[VersionTypeVar], prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[VersionTypeVar]:
+
+        yielded = False
+        found_prereleases = []
+
+        kw = {"prereleases": prereleases if prereleases is not None else True}
+
+        # Attempt to iterate over all the values in the iterable and if any of
+        # them match, yield them.
+        for version in iterable:
+            parsed_version = self._coerce_version(version)
+
+            if self.contains(parsed_version, **kw):
+                # If our version is a prerelease, and we were not set to allow
+                # prereleases, then we'll store it for later in case nothing
+                # else matches this specifier.
+                if parsed_version.is_prerelease and not (
+                    prereleases or self.prereleases
+                ):
+                    found_prereleases.append(version)
+                # Either this is not a prerelease, or we should have been
+                # accepting prereleases from the beginning.
+                else:
+                    yielded = True
+                    yield version
+
+        # Now that we've iterated over everything, determine if we've yielded
+        # any values, and if we have not and we have any prereleases stored up
+        # then we will go ahead and yield the prereleases.
+        if not yielded and found_prereleases:
+            for version in found_prereleases:
+                yield version
+
+
+class LegacySpecifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = r"""
+        (?P<operator>(==|!=|<=|>=|<|>))
+        \s*
+        (?P<version>
+            [^,;\s)]* # Since this is a "legacy" specifier, and the version
+                      # string can be just about anything, we match everything
+                      # except for whitespace, a semi-colon for marker support,
+                      # a closing paren since versions can be enclosed in
+                      # them, and a comma since it's a version separator.
+        )
+        """
+
+    _regex = re.compile(r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, spec: str = "", prereleases: Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(spec, prereleases)
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Creating a LegacyVersion has been deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in the next major release",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version: UnparsedVersion) -> LegacyVersion:
+        if not isinstance(version, LegacyVersion):
+            version = LegacyVersion(str(version))
+        return version
+
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective == self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective != self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective <= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(
+        self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str
+    ) -> bool:
+        return prospective >= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective < self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective: LegacyVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return prospective > self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+
+def _require_version_compare(
+    fn: Callable[["Specifier", ParsedVersion, str], bool]
+) -> Callable[["Specifier", ParsedVersion, str], bool]:
+    @functools.wraps(fn)
+    def wrapped(self: "Specifier", prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(prospective, Version):
+            return False
+        return fn(self, prospective, spec)
+
+    return wrapped
+
+
+class Specifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = r"""
+        (?P<operator>(~=|==|!=|<=|>=|<|>|===))
+        (?P<version>
+            (?:
+                # The identity operators allow for an escape hatch that will
+                # do an exact string match of the version you wish to install.
+                # This will not be parsed by PEP 440 and we cannot determine
+                # any semantic meaning from it. This operator is discouraged
+                # but included entirely as an escape hatch.
+                (?<====)  # Only match for the identity operator
+                \s*
+                [^\s]*    # We just match everything, except for whitespace
+                          # since we are only testing for strict identity.
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The (non)equality operators allow for wild card and local
+                # versions to be specified so we have to define these two
+                # operators separately to enable that.
+                (?<===|!=)            # Only match for equals and not equals
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+
+                # You cannot use a wild card and a dev or local version
+                # together so group them with a | and make them optional.
+                (?:
+                    (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?         # dev release
+                    (?:\+[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*)? # local
+                    |
+                    \.\*  # Wild card syntax of .*
+                )?
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The compatible operator requires at least two digits in the
+                # release segment.
+                (?<=~=)               # Only match for the compatible operator
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)+   # release  (We have a + instead of a *)
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # All other operators only allow a sub set of what the
+                # (non)equality operators do. Specifically they do not allow
+                # local versions to be specified nor do they allow the prefix
+                # matching wild cards.
+                (?<!==|!=|~=)         # We have special cases for these
+                                      # operators so we want to make sure they
+                                      # don't match here.
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+        )
+        """
+
+    _regex = re.compile(r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "~=": "compatible",
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+        "===": "arbitrary",
+    }
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_compatible(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+
+        # Compatible releases have an equivalent combination of >= and ==. That
+        # is that ~=2.2 is equivalent to >=2.2,==2.*. This allows us to
+        # implement this in terms of the other specifiers instead of
+        # implementing it ourselves. The only thing we need to do is construct
+        # the other specifiers.
+
+        # We want everything but the last item in the version, but we want to
+        # ignore suffix segments.
+        prefix = ".".join(
+            list(itertools.takewhile(_is_not_suffix, _version_split(spec)))[:-1]
+        )
+
+        # Add the prefix notation to the end of our string
+        prefix += ".*"
+
+        return self._get_operator(">=")(prospective, spec) and self._get_operator("==")(
+            prospective, prefix
+        )
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+
+        # We need special logic to handle prefix matching
+        if spec.endswith(".*"):
+            # In the case of prefix matching we want to ignore local segment.
+            prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+            # Split the spec out by dots, and pretend that there is an implicit
+            # dot in between a release segment and a pre-release segment.
+            split_spec = _version_split(spec[:-2])  # Remove the trailing .*
+
+            # Split the prospective version out by dots, and pretend that there
+            # is an implicit dot in between a release segment and a pre-release
+            # segment.
+            split_prospective = _version_split(str(prospective))
+
+            # Shorten the prospective version to be the same length as the spec
+            # so that we can determine if the specifier is a prefix of the
+            # prospective version or not.
+            shortened_prospective = split_prospective[: len(split_spec)]
+
+            # Pad out our two sides with zeros so that they both equal the same
+            # length.
+            padded_spec, padded_prospective = _pad_version(
+                split_spec, shortened_prospective
+            )
+
+            return padded_prospective == padded_spec
+        else:
+            # Convert our spec string into a Version
+            spec_version = Version(spec)
+
+            # If the specifier does not have a local segment, then we want to
+            # act as if the prospective version also does not have a local
+            # segment.
+            if not spec_version.local:
+                prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+
+            return prospective == spec_version
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return not self._compare_equal(prospective, spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str) -> bool:
+
+        # NB: Local version identifiers are NOT permitted in the version
+        # specifier, so local version labels can be universally removed from
+        # the prospective version.
+        return Version(prospective.public) <= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(
+        self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec: str
+    ) -> bool:
+
+        # NB: Local version identifiers are NOT permitted in the version
+        # specifier, so local version labels can be universally removed from
+        # the prospective version.
+        return Version(prospective.public) >= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec_str: str) -> bool:
+
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec_str)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is less than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective < spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a pre-release version, that we do not accept pre-release
+        # versions for the version mentioned in the specifier (e.g. <3.1 should
+        # not match 3.1.dev0, but should match 3.0.dev0).
+        if not spec.is_prerelease and prospective.is_prerelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # less than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the same
+        # version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective: ParsedVersion, spec_str: str) -> bool:
+
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec_str)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is greater than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective > spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a post-release version, that we do not accept
+        # post-release versions for the version mentioned in the specifier
+        # (e.g. >3.1 should not match 3.0.post0, but should match 3.2.post0).
+        if not spec.is_postrelease and prospective.is_postrelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # Ensure that we do not allow a local version of the version mentioned
+        # in the specifier, which is technically greater than, to match.
+        if prospective.local is not None:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # greater than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the
+        # same version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    def _compare_arbitrary(self, prospective: Version, spec: str) -> bool:
+        return str(prospective).lower() == str(spec).lower()
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self) -> bool:
+
+        # If there is an explicit prereleases set for this, then we'll just
+        # blindly use that.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # Look at all of our specifiers and determine if they are inclusive
+        # operators, and if they are if they are including an explicit
+        # prerelease.
+        operator, version = self._spec
+        if operator in ["==", ">=", "<=", "~=", "==="]:
+            # The == specifier can include a trailing .*, if it does we
+            # want to remove before parsing.
+            if operator == "==" and version.endswith(".*"):
+                version = version[:-2]
+
+            # Parse the version, and if it is a pre-release than this
+            # specifier allows pre-releases.
+            if parse(version).is_prerelease:
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+
+_prefix_regex = re.compile(r"^([0-9]+)((?:a|b|c|rc)[0-9]+)$")
+
+
+def _version_split(version: str) -> List[str]:
+    result: List[str] = []
+    for item in version.split("."):
+        match = _prefix_regex.search(item)
+        if match:
+            result.extend(match.groups())
+        else:
+            result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+def _is_not_suffix(segment: str) -> bool:
+    return not any(
+        segment.startswith(prefix) for prefix in ("dev", "a", "b", "rc", "post")
+    )
+
+
+def _pad_version(left: List[str], right: List[str]) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str]]:
+    left_split, right_split = [], []
+
+    # Get the release segment of our versions
+    left_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), left)))
+    right_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), right)))
+
+    # Get the rest of our versions
+    left_split.append(left[len(left_split[0]) :])
+    right_split.append(right[len(right_split[0]) :])
+
+    # Insert our padding
+    left_split.insert(1, ["0"] * max(0, len(right_split[0]) - len(left_split[0])))
+    right_split.insert(1, ["0"] * max(0, len(left_split[0]) - len(right_split[0])))
+
+    return (list(itertools.chain(*left_split)), list(itertools.chain(*right_split)))
+
+
+class SpecifierSet(BaseSpecifier):
+    def __init__(
+        self, specifiers: str = "", prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> None:
+
+        # Split on , to break each individual specifier into it's own item, and
+        # strip each item to remove leading/trailing whitespace.
+        split_specifiers = [s.strip() for s in specifiers.split(",") if s.strip()]
+
+        # Parsed each individual specifier, attempting first to make it a
+        # Specifier and falling back to a LegacySpecifier.
+        parsed: Set[_IndividualSpecifier] = set()
+        for specifier in split_specifiers:
+            try:
+                parsed.add(Specifier(specifier))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                parsed.add(LegacySpecifier(specifier))
+
+        # Turn our parsed specifiers into a frozen set and save them for later.
+        self._specs = frozenset(parsed)
+
+        # Store our prereleases value so we can use it later to determine if
+        # we accept prereleases or not.
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        pre = (
+            f", prereleases={self.prereleases!r}"
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return "<SpecifierSet({!r}{})>".format(str(self), pre)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return ",".join(sorted(str(s) for s in self._specs))
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._specs)
+
+    def __and__(self, other: Union["SpecifierSet", str]) -> "SpecifierSet":
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            other = SpecifierSet(other)
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        specifier = SpecifierSet()
+        specifier._specs = frozenset(self._specs | other._specs)
+
+        if self._prereleases is None and other._prereleases is not None:
+            specifier._prereleases = other._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases is not None and other._prereleases is None:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases == other._prereleases:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Cannot combine SpecifierSets with True and False prerelease "
+                "overrides."
+            )
+
+        return specifier
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, (str, _IndividualSpecifier)):
+            other = SpecifierSet(str(other))
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._specs == other._specs
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, (str, _IndividualSpecifier)):
+            other = SpecifierSet(str(other))
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._specs != other._specs
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._specs)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[_IndividualSpecifier]:
+        return iter(self._specs)
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+
+        # If we have been given an explicit prerelease modifier, then we'll
+        # pass that through here.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # If we don't have any specifiers, and we don't have a forced value,
+        # then we'll just return None since we don't know if this should have
+        # pre-releases or not.
+        if not self._specs:
+            return None
+
+        # Otherwise we'll see if any of the given specifiers accept
+        # prereleases, if any of them do we'll return True, otherwise False.
+        return any(s.prereleases for s in self._specs)
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item: UnparsedVersion) -> bool:
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(
+        self, item: UnparsedVersion, prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+
+        # Ensure that our item is a Version or LegacyVersion instance.
+        if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            item = parse(item)
+
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # We can determine if we're going to allow pre-releases by looking to
+        # see if any of the underlying items supports them. If none of them do
+        # and this item is a pre-release then we do not allow it and we can
+        # short circuit that here.
+        # Note: This means that 1.0.dev1 would not be contained in something
+        #       like >=1.0.devabc however it would be in >=1.0.debabc,>0.0.dev0
+        if not prereleases and item.is_prerelease:
+            return False
+
+        # We simply dispatch to the underlying specs here to make sure that the
+        # given version is contained within all of them.
+        # Note: This use of all() here means that an empty set of specifiers
+        #       will always return True, this is an explicit design decision.
+        return all(s.contains(item, prereleases=prereleases) for s in self._specs)
+
+    def filter(
+        self, iterable: Iterable[VersionTypeVar], prereleases: Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[VersionTypeVar]:
+
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # If we have any specifiers, then we want to wrap our iterable in the
+        # filter method for each one, this will act as a logical AND amongst
+        # each specifier.
+        if self._specs:
+            for spec in self._specs:
+                iterable = spec.filter(iterable, prereleases=bool(prereleases))
+            return iterable
+        # If we do not have any specifiers, then we need to have a rough filter
+        # which will filter out any pre-releases, unless there are no final
+        # releases, and which will filter out LegacyVersion in general.
+        else:
+            filtered: List[VersionTypeVar] = []
+            found_prereleases: List[VersionTypeVar] = []
+
+            item: UnparsedVersion
+            parsed_version: Union[Version, LegacyVersion]
+
+            for item in iterable:
+                # Ensure that we some kind of Version class for this item.
+                if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+                    parsed_version = parse(item)
+                else:
+                    parsed_version = item
+
+                # Filter out any item which is parsed as a LegacyVersion
+                if isinstance(parsed_version, LegacyVersion):
+                    continue
+
+                # Store any item which is a pre-release for later unless we've
+                # already found a final version or we are accepting prereleases
+                if parsed_version.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+                    if not filtered:
+                        found_prereleases.append(item)
+                else:
+                    filtered.append(item)
+
+            # If we've found no items except for pre-releases, then we'll go
+            # ahead and use the pre-releases
+            if not filtered and found_prereleases and prereleases is None:
+                return found_prereleases
+
+            return filtered
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/tags.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/tags.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e65890a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/tags.py
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import logging
+import platform
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+from importlib.machinery import EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+from typing import (
+    Dict,
+    FrozenSet,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from . import _manylinux, _musllinux
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+PythonVersion = Sequence[int]
+MacVersion = Tuple[int, int]
+
+INTERPRETER_SHORT_NAMES: Dict[str, str] = {
+    "python": "py",  # Generic.
+    "cpython": "cp",
+    "pypy": "pp",
+    "ironpython": "ip",
+    "jython": "jy",
+}
+
+
+_32_BIT_INTERPRETER = sys.maxsize <= 2 ** 32
+
+
+class Tag:
+    """
+    A representation of the tag triple for a wheel.
+
+    Instances are considered immutable and thus are hashable. Equality checking
+    is also supported.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["_interpreter", "_abi", "_platform", "_hash"]
+
+    def __init__(self, interpreter: str, abi: str, platform: str) -> None:
+        self._interpreter = interpreter.lower()
+        self._abi = abi.lower()
+        self._platform = platform.lower()
+        # The __hash__ of every single element in a Set[Tag] will be evaluated each time
+        # that a set calls its `.disjoint()` method, which may be called hundreds of
+        # times when scanning a page of links for packages with tags matching that
+        # Set[Tag]. Pre-computing the value here produces significant speedups for
+        # downstream consumers.
+        self._hash = hash((self._interpreter, self._abi, self._platform))
+
+    @property
+    def interpreter(self) -> str:
+        return self._interpreter
+
+    @property
+    def abi(self) -> str:
+        return self._abi
+
+    @property
+    def platform(self) -> str:
+        return self._platform
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, Tag):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return (
+            (self._hash == other._hash)  # Short-circuit ASAP for perf reasons.
+            and (self._platform == other._platform)
+            and (self._abi == other._abi)
+            and (self._interpreter == other._interpreter)
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return self._hash
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self._interpreter}-{self._abi}-{self._platform}"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<{self} @ {self_id}>".format(self=self, self_id=id(self))
+
+
+def parse_tag(tag: str) -> FrozenSet[Tag]:
+    """
+    Parses the provided tag (e.g. `py3-none-any`) into a frozenset of Tag instances.
+
+    Returning a set is required due to the possibility that the tag is a
+    compressed tag set.
+    """
+    tags = set()
+    interpreters, abis, platforms = tag.split("-")
+    for interpreter in interpreters.split("."):
+        for abi in abis.split("."):
+            for platform_ in platforms.split("."):
+                tags.add(Tag(interpreter, abi, platform_))
+    return frozenset(tags)
+
+
+def _get_config_var(name: str, warn: bool = False) -> Union[int, str, None]:
+    value = sysconfig.get_config_var(name)
+    if value is None and warn:
+        logger.debug(
+            "Config variable '%s' is unset, Python ABI tag may be incorrect", name
+        )
+    return value
+
+
+def _normalize_string(string: str) -> str:
+    return string.replace(".", "_").replace("-", "_")
+
+
+def _abi3_applies(python_version: PythonVersion) -> bool:
+    """
+    Determine if the Python version supports abi3.
+
+    PEP 384 was first implemented in Python 3.2.
+    """
+    return len(python_version) > 1 and tuple(python_version) >= (3, 2)
+
+
+def _cpython_abis(py_version: PythonVersion, warn: bool = False) -> List[str]:
+    py_version = tuple(py_version)  # To allow for version comparison.
+    abis = []
+    version = _version_nodot(py_version[:2])
+    debug = pymalloc = ucs4 = ""
+    with_debug = _get_config_var("Py_DEBUG", warn)
+    has_refcount = hasattr(sys, "gettotalrefcount")
+    # Windows doesn't set Py_DEBUG, so checking for support of debug-compiled
+    # extension modules is the best option.
+    # https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/3383#issuecomment-173267692
+    has_ext = "_d.pyd" in EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+    if with_debug or (with_debug is None and (has_refcount or has_ext)):
+        debug = "d"
+    if py_version < (3, 8):
+        with_pymalloc = _get_config_var("WITH_PYMALLOC", warn)
+        if with_pymalloc or with_pymalloc is None:
+            pymalloc = "m"
+        if py_version < (3, 3):
+            unicode_size = _get_config_var("Py_UNICODE_SIZE", warn)
+            if unicode_size == 4 or (
+                unicode_size is None and sys.maxunicode == 0x10FFFF
+            ):
+                ucs4 = "u"
+    elif debug:
+        # Debug builds can also load "normal" extension modules.
+        # We can also assume no UCS-4 or pymalloc requirement.
+        abis.append(f"cp{version}")
+    abis.insert(
+        0,
+        "cp{version}{debug}{pymalloc}{ucs4}".format(
+            version=version, debug=debug, pymalloc=pymalloc, ucs4=ucs4
+        ),
+    )
+    return abis
+
+
+def cpython_tags(
+    python_version: Optional[PythonVersion] = None,
+    abis: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    *,
+    warn: bool = False,
+) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Yields the tags for a CPython interpreter.
+
+    The tags consist of:
+    - cp<python_version>-<abi>-<platform>
+    - cp<python_version>-abi3-<platform>
+    - cp<python_version>-none-<platform>
+    - cp<less than python_version>-abi3-<platform>  # Older Python versions down to 3.2.
+
+    If python_version only specifies a major version then user-provided ABIs and
+    the 'none' ABItag will be used.
+
+    If 'abi3' or 'none' are specified in 'abis' then they will be yielded at
+    their normal position and not at the beginning.
+    """
+    if not python_version:
+        python_version = sys.version_info[:2]
+
+    interpreter = "cp{}".format(_version_nodot(python_version[:2]))
+
+    if abis is None:
+        if len(python_version) > 1:
+            abis = _cpython_abis(python_version, warn)
+        else:
+            abis = []
+    abis = list(abis)
+    # 'abi3' and 'none' are explicitly handled later.
+    for explicit_abi in ("abi3", "none"):
+        try:
+            abis.remove(explicit_abi)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+
+    platforms = list(platforms or platform_tags())
+    for abi in abis:
+        for platform_ in platforms:
+            yield Tag(interpreter, abi, platform_)
+    if _abi3_applies(python_version):
+        yield from (Tag(interpreter, "abi3", platform_) for platform_ in platforms)
+    yield from (Tag(interpreter, "none", platform_) for platform_ in platforms)
+
+    if _abi3_applies(python_version):
+        for minor_version in range(python_version[1] - 1, 1, -1):
+            for platform_ in platforms:
+                interpreter = "cp{version}".format(
+                    version=_version_nodot((python_version[0], minor_version))
+                )
+                yield Tag(interpreter, "abi3", platform_)
+
+
+def _generic_abi() -> Iterator[str]:
+    abi = sysconfig.get_config_var("SOABI")
+    if abi:
+        yield _normalize_string(abi)
+
+
+def generic_tags(
+    interpreter: Optional[str] = None,
+    abis: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+    *,
+    warn: bool = False,
+) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Yields the tags for a generic interpreter.
+
+    The tags consist of:
+    - <interpreter>-<abi>-<platform>
+
+    The "none" ABI will be added if it was not explicitly provided.
+    """
+    if not interpreter:
+        interp_name = interpreter_name()
+        interp_version = interpreter_version(warn=warn)
+        interpreter = "".join([interp_name, interp_version])
+    if abis is None:
+        abis = _generic_abi()
+    platforms = list(platforms or platform_tags())
+    abis = list(abis)
+    if "none" not in abis:
+        abis.append("none")
+    for abi in abis:
+        for platform_ in platforms:
+            yield Tag(interpreter, abi, platform_)
+
+
+def _py_interpreter_range(py_version: PythonVersion) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Yields Python versions in descending order.
+
+    After the latest version, the major-only version will be yielded, and then
+    all previous versions of that major version.
+    """
+    if len(py_version) > 1:
+        yield "py{version}".format(version=_version_nodot(py_version[:2]))
+    yield "py{major}".format(major=py_version[0])
+    if len(py_version) > 1:
+        for minor in range(py_version[1] - 1, -1, -1):
+            yield "py{version}".format(version=_version_nodot((py_version[0], minor)))
+
+
+def compatible_tags(
+    python_version: Optional[PythonVersion] = None,
+    interpreter: Optional[str] = None,
+    platforms: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Yields the sequence of tags that are compatible with a specific version of Python.
+
+    The tags consist of:
+    - py*-none-<platform>
+    - <interpreter>-none-any  # ... if `interpreter` is provided.
+    - py*-none-any
+    """
+    if not python_version:
+        python_version = sys.version_info[:2]
+    platforms = list(platforms or platform_tags())
+    for version in _py_interpreter_range(python_version):
+        for platform_ in platforms:
+            yield Tag(version, "none", platform_)
+    if interpreter:
+        yield Tag(interpreter, "none", "any")
+    for version in _py_interpreter_range(python_version):
+        yield Tag(version, "none", "any")
+
+
+def _mac_arch(arch: str, is_32bit: bool = _32_BIT_INTERPRETER) -> str:
+    if not is_32bit:
+        return arch
+
+    if arch.startswith("ppc"):
+        return "ppc"
+
+    return "i386"
+
+
+def _mac_binary_formats(version: MacVersion, cpu_arch: str) -> List[str]:
+    formats = [cpu_arch]
+    if cpu_arch == "x86_64":
+        if version < (10, 4):
+            return []
+        formats.extend(["intel", "fat64", "fat32"])
+
+    elif cpu_arch == "i386":
+        if version < (10, 4):
+            return []
+        formats.extend(["intel", "fat32", "fat"])
+
+    elif cpu_arch == "ppc64":
+        # TODO: Need to care about 32-bit PPC for ppc64 through 10.2?
+        if version > (10, 5) or version < (10, 4):
+            return []
+        formats.append("fat64")
+
+    elif cpu_arch == "ppc":
+        if version > (10, 6):
+            return []
+        formats.extend(["fat32", "fat"])
+
+    if cpu_arch in {"arm64", "x86_64"}:
+        formats.append("universal2")
+
+    if cpu_arch in {"x86_64", "i386", "ppc64", "ppc", "intel"}:
+        formats.append("universal")
+
+    return formats
+
+
+def mac_platforms(
+    version: Optional[MacVersion] = None, arch: Optional[str] = None
+) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Yields the platform tags for a macOS system.
+
+    The `version` parameter is a two-item tuple specifying the macOS version to
+    generate platform tags for. The `arch` parameter is the CPU architecture to
+    generate platform tags for. Both parameters default to the appropriate value
+    for the current system.
+    """
+    version_str, _, cpu_arch = platform.mac_ver()
+    if version is None:
+        version = cast("MacVersion", tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2])))
+    else:
+        version = version
+    if arch is None:
+        arch = _mac_arch(cpu_arch)
+    else:
+        arch = arch
+
+    if (10, 0) <= version and version < (11, 0):
+        # Prior to Mac OS 11, each yearly release of Mac OS bumped the
+        # "minor" version number.  The major version was always 10.
+        for minor_version in range(version[1], -1, -1):
+            compat_version = 10, minor_version
+            binary_formats = _mac_binary_formats(compat_version, arch)
+            for binary_format in binary_formats:
+                yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                    major=10, minor=minor_version, binary_format=binary_format
+                )
+
+    if version >= (11, 0):
+        # Starting with Mac OS 11, each yearly release bumps the major version
+        # number.   The minor versions are now the midyear updates.
+        for major_version in range(version[0], 10, -1):
+            compat_version = major_version, 0
+            binary_formats = _mac_binary_formats(compat_version, arch)
+            for binary_format in binary_formats:
+                yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                    major=major_version, minor=0, binary_format=binary_format
+                )
+
+    if version >= (11, 0):
+        # Mac OS 11 on x86_64 is compatible with binaries from previous releases.
+        # Arm64 support was introduced in 11.0, so no Arm binaries from previous
+        # releases exist.
+        #
+        # However, the "universal2" binary format can have a
+        # macOS version earlier than 11.0 when the x86_64 part of the binary supports
+        # that version of macOS.
+        if arch == "x86_64":
+            for minor_version in range(16, 3, -1):
+                compat_version = 10, minor_version
+                binary_formats = _mac_binary_formats(compat_version, arch)
+                for binary_format in binary_formats:
+                    yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                        major=compat_version[0],
+                        minor=compat_version[1],
+                        binary_format=binary_format,
+                    )
+        else:
+            for minor_version in range(16, 3, -1):
+                compat_version = 10, minor_version
+                binary_format = "universal2"
+                yield "macosx_{major}_{minor}_{binary_format}".format(
+                    major=compat_version[0],
+                    minor=compat_version[1],
+                    binary_format=binary_format,
+                )
+
+
+def _linux_platforms(is_32bit: bool = _32_BIT_INTERPRETER) -> Iterator[str]:
+    linux = _normalize_string(sysconfig.get_platform())
+    if is_32bit:
+        if linux == "linux_x86_64":
+            linux = "linux_i686"
+        elif linux == "linux_aarch64":
+            linux = "linux_armv7l"
+    _, arch = linux.split("_", 1)
+    yield from _manylinux.platform_tags(linux, arch)
+    yield from _musllinux.platform_tags(arch)
+    yield linux
+
+
+def _generic_platforms() -> Iterator[str]:
+    yield _normalize_string(sysconfig.get_platform())
+
+
+def platform_tags() -> Iterator[str]:
+    """
+    Provides the platform tags for this installation.
+    """
+    if platform.system() == "Darwin":
+        return mac_platforms()
+    elif platform.system() == "Linux":
+        return _linux_platforms()
+    else:
+        return _generic_platforms()
+
+
+def interpreter_name() -> str:
+    """
+    Returns the name of the running interpreter.
+    """
+    name = sys.implementation.name
+    return INTERPRETER_SHORT_NAMES.get(name) or name
+
+
+def interpreter_version(*, warn: bool = False) -> str:
+    """
+    Returns the version of the running interpreter.
+    """
+    version = _get_config_var("py_version_nodot", warn=warn)
+    if version:
+        version = str(version)
+    else:
+        version = _version_nodot(sys.version_info[:2])
+    return version
+
+
+def _version_nodot(version: PythonVersion) -> str:
+    return "".join(map(str, version))
+
+
+def sys_tags(*, warn: bool = False) -> Iterator[Tag]:
+    """
+    Returns the sequence of tag triples for the running interpreter.
+
+    The order of the sequence corresponds to priority order for the
+    interpreter, from most to least important.
+    """
+
+    interp_name = interpreter_name()
+    if interp_name == "cp":
+        yield from cpython_tags(warn=warn)
+    else:
+        yield from generic_tags()
+
+    yield from compatible_tags()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bab11b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import re
+from typing import FrozenSet, NewType, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+from .tags import Tag, parse_tag
+from .version import InvalidVersion, Version
+
+BuildTag = Union[Tuple[()], Tuple[int, str]]
+NormalizedName = NewType("NormalizedName", str)
+
+
+class InvalidWheelFilename(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid wheel filename was found, users should refer to PEP 427.
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidSdistFilename(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid sdist filename was found, users should refer to the packaging user guide.
+    """
+
+
+_canonicalize_regex = re.compile(r"[-_.]+")
+# PEP 427: The build number must start with a digit.
+_build_tag_regex = re.compile(r"(\d+)(.*)")
+
+
+def canonicalize_name(name: str) -> NormalizedName:
+    # This is taken from PEP 503.
+    value = _canonicalize_regex.sub("-", name).lower()
+    return cast(NormalizedName, value)
+
+
+def canonicalize_version(version: Union[Version, str]) -> str:
+    """
+    This is very similar to Version.__str__, but has one subtle difference
+    with the way it handles the release segment.
+    """
+    if isinstance(version, str):
+        try:
+            parsed = Version(version)
+        except InvalidVersion:
+            # Legacy versions cannot be normalized
+            return version
+    else:
+        parsed = version
+
+    parts = []
+
+    # Epoch
+    if parsed.epoch != 0:
+        parts.append(f"{parsed.epoch}!")
+
+    # Release segment
+    # NB: This strips trailing '.0's to normalize
+    parts.append(re.sub(r"(\.0)+$", "", ".".join(str(x) for x in parsed.release)))
+
+    # Pre-release
+    if parsed.pre is not None:
+        parts.append("".join(str(x) for x in parsed.pre))
+
+    # Post-release
+    if parsed.post is not None:
+        parts.append(f".post{parsed.post}")
+
+    # Development release
+    if parsed.dev is not None:
+        parts.append(f".dev{parsed.dev}")
+
+    # Local version segment
+    if parsed.local is not None:
+        parts.append(f"+{parsed.local}")
+
+    return "".join(parts)
+
+
+def parse_wheel_filename(
+    filename: str,
+) -> Tuple[NormalizedName, Version, BuildTag, FrozenSet[Tag]]:
+    if not filename.endswith(".whl"):
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+            f"Invalid wheel filename (extension must be '.whl'): {filename}"
+        )
+
+    filename = filename[:-4]
+    dashes = filename.count("-")
+    if dashes not in (4, 5):
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+            f"Invalid wheel filename (wrong number of parts): {filename}"
+        )
+
+    parts = filename.split("-", dashes - 2)
+    name_part = parts[0]
+    # See PEP 427 for the rules on escaping the project name
+    if "__" in name_part or re.match(r"^[\w\d._]*$", name_part, re.UNICODE) is None:
+        raise InvalidWheelFilename(f"Invalid project name: {filename}")
+    name = canonicalize_name(name_part)
+    version = Version(parts[1])
+    if dashes == 5:
+        build_part = parts[2]
+        build_match = _build_tag_regex.match(build_part)
+        if build_match is None:
+            raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+                f"Invalid build number: {build_part} in '{filename}'"
+            )
+        build = cast(BuildTag, (int(build_match.group(1)), build_match.group(2)))
+    else:
+        build = ()
+    tags = parse_tag(parts[-1])
+    return (name, version, build, tags)
+
+
+def parse_sdist_filename(filename: str) -> Tuple[NormalizedName, Version]:
+    if filename.endswith(".tar.gz"):
+        file_stem = filename[: -len(".tar.gz")]
+    elif filename.endswith(".zip"):
+        file_stem = filename[: -len(".zip")]
+    else:
+        raise InvalidSdistFilename(
+            f"Invalid sdist filename (extension must be '.tar.gz' or '.zip'):"
+            f" {filename}"
+        )
+
+    # We are requiring a PEP 440 version, which cannot contain dashes,
+    # so we split on the last dash.
+    name_part, sep, version_part = file_stem.rpartition("-")
+    if not sep:
+        raise InvalidSdistFilename(f"Invalid sdist filename: {filename}")
+
+    name = canonicalize_name(name_part)
+    version = Version(version_part)
+    return (name, version)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de9a09a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+
+import collections
+import itertools
+import re
+import warnings
+from typing import Callable, Iterator, List, Optional, SupportsInt, Tuple, Union
+
+from ._structures import Infinity, InfinityType, NegativeInfinity, NegativeInfinityType
+
+__all__ = ["parse", "Version", "LegacyVersion", "InvalidVersion", "VERSION_PATTERN"]
+
+InfiniteTypes = Union[InfinityType, NegativeInfinityType]
+PrePostDevType = Union[InfiniteTypes, Tuple[str, int]]
+SubLocalType = Union[InfiniteTypes, int, str]
+LocalType = Union[
+    NegativeInfinityType,
+    Tuple[
+        Union[
+            SubLocalType,
+            Tuple[SubLocalType, str],
+            Tuple[NegativeInfinityType, SubLocalType],
+        ],
+        ...,
+    ],
+]
+CmpKey = Tuple[
+    int, Tuple[int, ...], PrePostDevType, PrePostDevType, PrePostDevType, LocalType
+]
+LegacyCmpKey = Tuple[int, Tuple[str, ...]]
+VersionComparisonMethod = Callable[
+    [Union[CmpKey, LegacyCmpKey], Union[CmpKey, LegacyCmpKey]], bool
+]
+
+_Version = collections.namedtuple(
+    "_Version", ["epoch", "release", "dev", "pre", "post", "local"]
+)
+
+
+def parse(version: str) -> Union["LegacyVersion", "Version"]:
+    """
+    Parse the given version string and return either a :class:`Version` object
+    or a :class:`LegacyVersion` object depending on if the given version is
+    a valid PEP 440 version or a legacy version.
+    """
+    try:
+        return Version(version)
+    except InvalidVersion:
+        return LegacyVersion(version)
+
+
+class InvalidVersion(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid version was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class _BaseVersion:
+    _key: Union[CmpKey, LegacyCmpKey]
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._key)
+
+    # Please keep the duplicated `isinstance` check
+    # in the six comparisons hereunder
+    # unless you find a way to avoid adding overhead function calls.
+    def __lt__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key < other._key
+
+    def __le__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key <= other._key
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key == other._key
+
+    def __ge__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key >= other._key
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: "_BaseVersion") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key > other._key
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._key != other._key
+
+
+class LegacyVersion(_BaseVersion):
+    def __init__(self, version: str) -> None:
+        self._version = str(version)
+        self._key = _legacy_cmpkey(self._version)
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Creating a LegacyVersion has been deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in the next major release",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self._version
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<LegacyVersion('{self}')>"
+
+    @property
+    def public(self) -> str:
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self) -> str:
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def epoch(self) -> int:
+        return -1
+
+    @property
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def pre(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def post(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def dev(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def local(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_devrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+
+_legacy_version_component_re = re.compile(r"(\d+ | [a-z]+ | \.| -)", re.VERBOSE)
+
+_legacy_version_replacement_map = {
+    "pre": "c",
+    "preview": "c",
+    "-": "final-",
+    "rc": "c",
+    "dev": "@",
+}
+
+
+def _parse_version_parts(s: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    for part in _legacy_version_component_re.split(s):
+        part = _legacy_version_replacement_map.get(part, part)
+
+        if not part or part == ".":
+            continue
+
+        if part[:1] in "0123456789":
+            # pad for numeric comparison
+            yield part.zfill(8)
+        else:
+            yield "*" + part
+
+    # ensure that alpha/beta/candidate are before final
+    yield "*final"
+
+
+def _legacy_cmpkey(version: str) -> LegacyCmpKey:
+
+    # We hardcode an epoch of -1 here. A PEP 440 version can only have a epoch
+    # greater than or equal to 0. This will effectively put the LegacyVersion,
+    # which uses the defacto standard originally implemented by setuptools,
+    # as before all PEP 440 versions.
+    epoch = -1
+
+    # This scheme is taken from pkg_resources.parse_version setuptools prior to
+    # it's adoption of the packaging library.
+    parts: List[str] = []
+    for part in _parse_version_parts(version.lower()):
+        if part.startswith("*"):
+            # remove "-" before a prerelease tag
+            if part < "*final":
+                while parts and parts[-1] == "*final-":
+                    parts.pop()
+
+            # remove trailing zeros from each series of numeric parts
+            while parts and parts[-1] == "00000000":
+                parts.pop()
+
+        parts.append(part)
+
+    return epoch, tuple(parts)
+
+
+# Deliberately not anchored to the start and end of the string, to make it
+# easier for 3rd party code to reuse
+VERSION_PATTERN = r"""
+    v?
+    (?:
+        (?:(?P<epoch>[0-9]+)!)?                           # epoch
+        (?P<release>[0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*)                  # release segment
+        (?P<pre>                                          # pre-release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_l>(a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview))
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+        (?P<post>                                         # post release
+            (?:-(?P<post_n1>[0-9]+))
+            |
+            (?:
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_l>post|rev|r)
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_n2>[0-9]+)?
+            )
+        )?
+        (?P<dev>                                          # dev release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_l>dev)
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+    )
+    (?:\+(?P<local>[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*))?       # local version
+"""
+
+
+class Version(_BaseVersion):
+
+    _regex = re.compile(r"^\s*" + VERSION_PATTERN + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    def __init__(self, version: str) -> None:
+
+        # Validate the version and parse it into pieces
+        match = self._regex.search(version)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidVersion(f"Invalid version: '{version}'")
+
+        # Store the parsed out pieces of the version
+        self._version = _Version(
+            epoch=int(match.group("epoch")) if match.group("epoch") else 0,
+            release=tuple(int(i) for i in match.group("release").split(".")),
+            pre=_parse_letter_version(match.group("pre_l"), match.group("pre_n")),
+            post=_parse_letter_version(
+                match.group("post_l"), match.group("post_n1") or match.group("post_n2")
+            ),
+            dev=_parse_letter_version(match.group("dev_l"), match.group("dev_n")),
+            local=_parse_local_version(match.group("local")),
+        )
+
+        # Generate a key which will be used for sorting
+        self._key = _cmpkey(
+            self._version.epoch,
+            self._version.release,
+            self._version.pre,
+            self._version.post,
+            self._version.dev,
+            self._version.local,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Version('{self}')>"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append(f"{self.epoch}!")
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self.release))
+
+        # Pre-release
+        if self.pre is not None:
+            parts.append("".join(str(x) for x in self.pre))
+
+        # Post-release
+        if self.post is not None:
+            parts.append(f".post{self.post}")
+
+        # Development release
+        if self.dev is not None:
+            parts.append(f".dev{self.dev}")
+
+        # Local version segment
+        if self.local is not None:
+            parts.append(f"+{self.local}")
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def epoch(self) -> int:
+        _epoch: int = self._version.epoch
+        return _epoch
+
+    @property
+    def release(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
+        _release: Tuple[int, ...] = self._version.release
+        return _release
+
+    @property
+    def pre(self) -> Optional[Tuple[str, int]]:
+        _pre: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = self._version.pre
+        return _pre
+
+    @property
+    def post(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        return self._version.post[1] if self._version.post else None
+
+    @property
+    def dev(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        return self._version.dev[1] if self._version.dev else None
+
+    @property
+    def local(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        if self._version.local:
+            return ".".join(str(x) for x in self._version.local)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def public(self) -> str:
+        return str(self).split("+", 1)[0]
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self) -> str:
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append(f"{self.epoch}!")
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self.release))
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self) -> bool:
+        return self.dev is not None or self.pre is not None
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return self.post is not None
+
+    @property
+    def is_devrelease(self) -> bool:
+        return self.dev is not None
+
+    @property
+    def major(self) -> int:
+        return self.release[0] if len(self.release) >= 1 else 0
+
+    @property
+    def minor(self) -> int:
+        return self.release[1] if len(self.release) >= 2 else 0
+
+    @property
+    def micro(self) -> int:
+        return self.release[2] if len(self.release) >= 3 else 0
+
+
+def _parse_letter_version(
+    letter: str, number: Union[str, bytes, SupportsInt]
+) -> Optional[Tuple[str, int]]:
+
+    if letter:
+        # We consider there to be an implicit 0 in a pre-release if there is
+        # not a numeral associated with it.
+        if number is None:
+            number = 0
+
+        # We normalize any letters to their lower case form
+        letter = letter.lower()
+
+        # We consider some words to be alternate spellings of other words and
+        # in those cases we want to normalize the spellings to our preferred
+        # spelling.
+        if letter == "alpha":
+            letter = "a"
+        elif letter == "beta":
+            letter = "b"
+        elif letter in ["c", "pre", "preview"]:
+            letter = "rc"
+        elif letter in ["rev", "r"]:
+            letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+    if not letter and number:
+        # We assume if we are given a number, but we are not given a letter
+        # then this is using the implicit post release syntax (e.g. 1.0-1)
+        letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+
+    return None
+
+
+_local_version_separators = re.compile(r"[\._-]")
+
+
+def _parse_local_version(local: str) -> Optional[LocalType]:
+    """
+    Takes a string like abc.1.twelve and turns it into ("abc", 1, "twelve").
+    """
+    if local is not None:
+        return tuple(
+            part.lower() if not part.isdigit() else int(part)
+            for part in _local_version_separators.split(local)
+        )
+    return None
+
+
+def _cmpkey(
+    epoch: int,
+    release: Tuple[int, ...],
+    pre: Optional[Tuple[str, int]],
+    post: Optional[Tuple[str, int]],
+    dev: Optional[Tuple[str, int]],
+    local: Optional[Tuple[SubLocalType]],
+) -> CmpKey:
+
+    # When we compare a release version, we want to compare it with all of the
+    # trailing zeros removed. So we'll use a reverse the list, drop all the now
+    # leading zeros until we come to something non zero, then take the rest
+    # re-reverse it back into the correct order and make it a tuple and use
+    # that for our sorting key.
+    _release = tuple(
+        reversed(list(itertools.dropwhile(lambda x: x == 0, reversed(release))))
+    )
+
+    # We need to "trick" the sorting algorithm to put 1.0.dev0 before 1.0a0.
+    # We'll do this by abusing the pre segment, but we _only_ want to do this
+    # if there is not a pre or a post segment. If we have one of those then
+    # the normal sorting rules will handle this case correctly.
+    if pre is None and post is None and dev is not None:
+        _pre: PrePostDevType = NegativeInfinity
+    # Versions without a pre-release (except as noted above) should sort after
+    # those with one.
+    elif pre is None:
+        _pre = Infinity
+    else:
+        _pre = pre
+
+    # Versions without a post segment should sort before those with one.
+    if post is None:
+        _post: PrePostDevType = NegativeInfinity
+
+    else:
+        _post = post
+
+    # Versions without a development segment should sort after those with one.
+    if dev is None:
+        _dev: PrePostDevType = Infinity
+
+    else:
+        _dev = dev
+
+    if local is None:
+        # Versions without a local segment should sort before those with one.
+        _local: LocalType = NegativeInfinity
+    else:
+        # Versions with a local segment need that segment parsed to implement
+        # the sorting rules in PEP440.
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort before numeric segments
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort lexicographically
+        # - Numeric segments sort numerically
+        # - Shorter versions sort before longer versions when the prefixes
+        #   match exactly
+        _local = tuple(
+            (i, "") if isinstance(i, int) else (NegativeInfinity, i) for i in local
+        )
+
+    return epoch, _release, _pre, _post, _dev, _local
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/pyparsing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/pyparsing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf75e1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/pyparsing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5742 @@
+# module pyparsing.py
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2003-2018  Paul T. McGuire
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+# the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+# CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+# TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+# SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#
+
+__doc__ = \
+"""
+pyparsing module - Classes and methods to define and execute parsing grammars
+=============================================================================
+
+The pyparsing module is an alternative approach to creating and executing simple grammars,
+vs. the traditional lex/yacc approach, or the use of regular expressions.  With pyparsing, you
+don't need to learn a new syntax for defining grammars or matching expressions - the parsing module
+provides a library of classes that you use to construct the grammar directly in Python.
+
+Here is a program to parse "Hello, World!" (or any greeting of the form 
+C{"<salutation>, <addressee>!"}), built up using L{Word}, L{Literal}, and L{And} elements 
+(L{'+'<ParserElement.__add__>} operator gives L{And} expressions, strings are auto-converted to
+L{Literal} expressions)::
+
+    from pyparsing import Word, alphas
+
+    # define grammar of a greeting
+    greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+
+    hello = "Hello, World!"
+    print (hello, "->", greet.parseString(hello))
+
+The program outputs the following::
+
+    Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+
+The Python representation of the grammar is quite readable, owing to the self-explanatory
+class names, and the use of '+', '|' and '^' operators.
+
+The L{ParseResults} object returned from L{ParserElement.parseString<ParserElement.parseString>} can be accessed as a nested list, a dictionary, or an
+object with named attributes.
+
+The pyparsing module handles some of the problems that are typically vexing when writing text parsers:
+ - extra or missing whitespace (the above program will also handle "Hello,World!", "Hello  ,  World  !", etc.)
+ - quoted strings
+ - embedded comments
+
+
+Getting Started -
+-----------------
+Visit the classes L{ParserElement} and L{ParseResults} to see the base classes that most other pyparsing
+classes inherit from. Use the docstrings for examples of how to:
+ - construct literal match expressions from L{Literal} and L{CaselessLiteral} classes
+ - construct character word-group expressions using the L{Word} class
+ - see how to create repetitive expressions using L{ZeroOrMore} and L{OneOrMore} classes
+ - use L{'+'<And>}, L{'|'<MatchFirst>}, L{'^'<Or>}, and L{'&'<Each>} operators to combine simple expressions into more complex ones
+ - associate names with your parsed results using L{ParserElement.setResultsName}
+ - find some helpful expression short-cuts like L{delimitedList} and L{oneOf}
+ - find more useful common expressions in the L{pyparsing_common} namespace class
+"""
+
+__version__ = "2.2.1"
+__versionTime__ = "18 Sep 2018 00:49 UTC"
+__author__ = "Paul McGuire <ptmcg@users.sourceforge.net>"
+
+import string
+from weakref import ref as wkref
+import copy
+import sys
+import warnings
+import re
+import sre_constants
+import collections
+import pprint
+import traceback
+import types
+from datetime import datetime
+
+try:
+    from _thread import RLock
+except ImportError:
+    from threading import RLock
+
+try:
+    # Python 3
+    from collections.abc import Iterable
+    from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+except ImportError:
+    # Python 2.7
+    from collections import Iterable
+    from collections import MutableMapping
+
+try:
+    from collections import OrderedDict as _OrderedDict
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from ordereddict import OrderedDict as _OrderedDict
+    except ImportError:
+        _OrderedDict = None
+
+#~ sys.stderr.write( "testing pyparsing module, version %s, %s\n" % (__version__,__versionTime__ ) )
+
+__all__ = [
+'And', 'CaselessKeyword', 'CaselessLiteral', 'CharsNotIn', 'Combine', 'Dict', 'Each', 'Empty',
+'FollowedBy', 'Forward', 'GoToColumn', 'Group', 'Keyword', 'LineEnd', 'LineStart', 'Literal',
+'MatchFirst', 'NoMatch', 'NotAny', 'OneOrMore', 'OnlyOnce', 'Optional', 'Or',
+'ParseBaseException', 'ParseElementEnhance', 'ParseException', 'ParseExpression', 'ParseFatalException',
+'ParseResults', 'ParseSyntaxException', 'ParserElement', 'QuotedString', 'RecursiveGrammarException',
+'Regex', 'SkipTo', 'StringEnd', 'StringStart', 'Suppress', 'Token', 'TokenConverter', 
+'White', 'Word', 'WordEnd', 'WordStart', 'ZeroOrMore',
+'alphanums', 'alphas', 'alphas8bit', 'anyCloseTag', 'anyOpenTag', 'cStyleComment', 'col',
+'commaSeparatedList', 'commonHTMLEntity', 'countedArray', 'cppStyleComment', 'dblQuotedString',
+'dblSlashComment', 'delimitedList', 'dictOf', 'downcaseTokens', 'empty', 'hexnums',
+'htmlComment', 'javaStyleComment', 'line', 'lineEnd', 'lineStart', 'lineno',
+'makeHTMLTags', 'makeXMLTags', 'matchOnlyAtCol', 'matchPreviousExpr', 'matchPreviousLiteral',
+'nestedExpr', 'nullDebugAction', 'nums', 'oneOf', 'opAssoc', 'operatorPrecedence', 'printables',
+'punc8bit', 'pythonStyleComment', 'quotedString', 'removeQuotes', 'replaceHTMLEntity', 
+'replaceWith', 'restOfLine', 'sglQuotedString', 'srange', 'stringEnd',
+'stringStart', 'traceParseAction', 'unicodeString', 'upcaseTokens', 'withAttribute',
+'indentedBlock', 'originalTextFor', 'ungroup', 'infixNotation','locatedExpr', 'withClass',
+'CloseMatch', 'tokenMap', 'pyparsing_common',
+]
+
+system_version = tuple(sys.version_info)[:3]
+PY_3 = system_version[0] == 3
+if PY_3:
+    _MAX_INT = sys.maxsize
+    basestring = str
+    unichr = chr
+    _ustr = str
+
+    # build list of single arg builtins, that can be used as parse actions
+    singleArgBuiltins = [sum, len, sorted, reversed, list, tuple, set, any, all, min, max]
+
+else:
+    _MAX_INT = sys.maxint
+    range = xrange
+
+    def _ustr(obj):
+        """Drop-in replacement for str(obj) that tries to be Unicode friendly. It first tries
+           str(obj). If that fails with a UnicodeEncodeError, then it tries unicode(obj). It
+           then < returns the unicode object | encodes it with the default encoding | ... >.
+        """
+        if isinstance(obj,unicode):
+            return obj
+
+        try:
+            # If this works, then _ustr(obj) has the same behaviour as str(obj), so
+            # it won't break any existing code.
+            return str(obj)
+
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            # Else encode it
+            ret = unicode(obj).encode(sys.getdefaultencoding(), 'xmlcharrefreplace')
+            xmlcharref = Regex(r'&#\d+;')
+            xmlcharref.setParseAction(lambda t: '\\u' + hex(int(t[0][2:-1]))[2:])
+            return xmlcharref.transformString(ret)
+
+    # build list of single arg builtins, tolerant of Python version, that can be used as parse actions
+    singleArgBuiltins = []
+    import __builtin__
+    for fname in "sum len sorted reversed list tuple set any all min max".split():
+        try:
+            singleArgBuiltins.append(getattr(__builtin__,fname))
+        except AttributeError:
+            continue
+            
+_generatorType = type((y for y in range(1)))
+ 
+def _xml_escape(data):
+    """Escape &, <, >, ", ', etc. in a string of data."""
+
+    # ampersand must be replaced first
+    from_symbols = '&><"\''
+    to_symbols = ('&'+s+';' for s in "amp gt lt quot apos".split())
+    for from_,to_ in zip(from_symbols, to_symbols):
+        data = data.replace(from_, to_)
+    return data
+
+class _Constants(object):
+    pass
+
+alphas     = string.ascii_uppercase + string.ascii_lowercase
+nums       = "0123456789"
+hexnums    = nums + "ABCDEFabcdef"
+alphanums  = alphas + nums
+_bslash    = chr(92)
+printables = "".join(c for c in string.printable if c not in string.whitespace)
+
+class ParseBaseException(Exception):
+    """base exception class for all parsing runtime exceptions"""
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__( self, pstr, loc=0, msg=None, elem=None ):
+        self.loc = loc
+        if msg is None:
+            self.msg = pstr
+            self.pstr = ""
+        else:
+            self.msg = msg
+            self.pstr = pstr
+        self.parserElement = elem
+        self.args = (pstr, loc, msg)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_exception(cls, pe):
+        """
+        internal factory method to simplify creating one type of ParseException 
+        from another - avoids having __init__ signature conflicts among subclasses
+        """
+        return cls(pe.pstr, pe.loc, pe.msg, pe.parserElement)
+
+    def __getattr__( self, aname ):
+        """supported attributes by name are:
+            - lineno - returns the line number of the exception text
+            - col - returns the column number of the exception text
+            - line - returns the line containing the exception text
+        """
+        if( aname == "lineno" ):
+            return lineno( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        elif( aname in ("col", "column") ):
+            return col( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        elif( aname == "line" ):
+            return line( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        else:
+            raise AttributeError(aname)
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "%s (at char %d), (line:%d, col:%d)" % \
+                ( self.msg, self.loc, self.lineno, self.column )
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return _ustr(self)
+    def markInputline( self, markerString = ">!<" ):
+        """Extracts the exception line from the input string, and marks
+           the location of the exception with a special symbol.
+        """
+        line_str = self.line
+        line_column = self.column - 1
+        if markerString:
+            line_str = "".join((line_str[:line_column],
+                                markerString, line_str[line_column:]))
+        return line_str.strip()
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return "lineno col line".split() + dir(type(self))
+
+class ParseException(ParseBaseException):
+    """
+    Exception thrown when parse expressions don't match class;
+    supported attributes by name are:
+     - lineno - returns the line number of the exception text
+     - col - returns the column number of the exception text
+     - line - returns the line containing the exception text
+        
+    Example::
+        try:
+            Word(nums).setName("integer").parseString("ABC")
+        except ParseException as pe:
+            print(pe)
+            print("column: {}".format(pe.col))
+            
+    prints::
+       Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        column: 1
+    """
+    pass
+
+class ParseFatalException(ParseBaseException):
+    """user-throwable exception thrown when inconsistent parse content
+       is found; stops all parsing immediately"""
+    pass
+
+class ParseSyntaxException(ParseFatalException):
+    """just like L{ParseFatalException}, but thrown internally when an
+       L{ErrorStop<And._ErrorStop>} ('-' operator) indicates that parsing is to stop 
+       immediately because an unbacktrackable syntax error has been found"""
+    pass
+
+#~ class ReparseException(ParseBaseException):
+    #~ """Experimental class - parse actions can raise this exception to cause
+       #~ pyparsing to reparse the input string:
+        #~ - with a modified input string, and/or
+        #~ - with a modified start location
+       #~ Set the values of the ReparseException in the constructor, and raise the
+       #~ exception in a parse action to cause pyparsing to use the new string/location.
+       #~ Setting the values as None causes no change to be made.
+       #~ """
+    #~ def __init_( self, newstring, restartLoc ):
+        #~ self.newParseText = newstring
+        #~ self.reparseLoc = restartLoc
+
+class RecursiveGrammarException(Exception):
+    """exception thrown by L{ParserElement.validate} if the grammar could be improperly recursive"""
+    def __init__( self, parseElementList ):
+        self.parseElementTrace = parseElementList
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "RecursiveGrammarException: %s" % self.parseElementTrace
+
+class _ParseResultsWithOffset(object):
+    def __init__(self,p1,p2):
+        self.tup = (p1,p2)
+    def __getitem__(self,i):
+        return self.tup[i]
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return repr(self.tup[0])
+    def setOffset(self,i):
+        self.tup = (self.tup[0],i)
+
+class ParseResults(object):
+    """
+    Structured parse results, to provide multiple means of access to the parsed data:
+       - as a list (C{len(results)})
+       - by list index (C{results[0], results[1]}, etc.)
+       - by attribute (C{results.<resultsName>} - see L{ParserElement.setResultsName})
+
+    Example::
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        date_str = (integer.setResultsName("year") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("month") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("day"))
+        # equivalent form:
+        # date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+
+        # parseString returns a ParseResults object
+        result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")
+
+        def test(s, fn=repr):
+            print("%s -> %s" % (s, fn(eval(s))))
+        test("list(result)")
+        test("result[0]")
+        test("result['month']")
+        test("result.day")
+        test("'month' in result")
+        test("'minutes' in result")
+        test("result.dump()", str)
+    prints::
+        list(result) -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        result[0] -> '1999'
+        result['month'] -> '12'
+        result.day -> '31'
+        'month' in result -> True
+        'minutes' in result -> False
+        result.dump() -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        - day: 31
+        - month: 12
+        - year: 1999
+    """
+    def __new__(cls, toklist=None, name=None, asList=True, modal=True ):
+        if isinstance(toklist, cls):
+            return toklist
+        retobj = object.__new__(cls)
+        retobj.__doinit = True
+        return retobj
+
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__( self, toklist=None, name=None, asList=True, modal=True, isinstance=isinstance ):
+        if self.__doinit:
+            self.__doinit = False
+            self.__name = None
+            self.__parent = None
+            self.__accumNames = {}
+            self.__asList = asList
+            self.__modal = modal
+            if toklist is None:
+                toklist = []
+            if isinstance(toklist, list):
+                self.__toklist = toklist[:]
+            elif isinstance(toklist, _generatorType):
+                self.__toklist = list(toklist)
+            else:
+                self.__toklist = [toklist]
+            self.__tokdict = dict()
+
+        if name is not None and name:
+            if not modal:
+                self.__accumNames[name] = 0
+            if isinstance(name,int):
+                name = _ustr(name) # will always return a str, but use _ustr for consistency
+            self.__name = name
+            if not (isinstance(toklist, (type(None), basestring, list)) and toklist in (None,'',[])):
+                if isinstance(toklist,basestring):
+                    toklist = [ toklist ]
+                if asList:
+                    if isinstance(toklist,ParseResults):
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(toklist.copy(),0)
+                    else:
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(ParseResults(toklist[0]),0)
+                    self[name].__name = name
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        self[name] = toklist[0]
+                    except (KeyError,TypeError,IndexError):
+                        self[name] = toklist
+
+    def __getitem__( self, i ):
+        if isinstance( i, (int,slice) ):
+            return self.__toklist[i]
+        else:
+            if i not in self.__accumNames:
+                return self.__tokdict[i][-1][0]
+            else:
+                return ParseResults([ v[0] for v in self.__tokdict[i] ])
+
+    def __setitem__( self, k, v, isinstance=isinstance ):
+        if isinstance(v,_ParseResultsWithOffset):
+            self.__tokdict[k] = self.__tokdict.get(k,list()) + [v]
+            sub = v[0]
+        elif isinstance(k,(int,slice)):
+            self.__toklist[k] = v
+            sub = v
+        else:
+            self.__tokdict[k] = self.__tokdict.get(k,list()) + [_ParseResultsWithOffset(v,0)]
+            sub = v
+        if isinstance(sub,ParseResults):
+            sub.__parent = wkref(self)
+
+    def __delitem__( self, i ):
+        if isinstance(i,(int,slice)):
+            mylen = len( self.__toklist )
+            del self.__toklist[i]
+
+            # convert int to slice
+            if isinstance(i, int):
+                if i < 0:
+                    i += mylen
+                i = slice(i, i+1)
+            # get removed indices
+            removed = list(range(*i.indices(mylen)))
+            removed.reverse()
+            # fixup indices in token dictionary
+            for name,occurrences in self.__tokdict.items():
+                for j in removed:
+                    for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                        occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(value, position - (position > j))
+        else:
+            del self.__tokdict[i]
+
+    def __contains__( self, k ):
+        return k in self.__tokdict
+
+    def __len__( self ): return len( self.__toklist )
+    def __bool__(self): return ( not not self.__toklist )
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+    def __iter__( self ): return iter( self.__toklist )
+    def __reversed__( self ): return iter( self.__toklist[::-1] )
+    def _iterkeys( self ):
+        if hasattr(self.__tokdict, "iterkeys"):
+            return self.__tokdict.iterkeys()
+        else:
+            return iter(self.__tokdict)
+
+    def _itervalues( self ):
+        return (self[k] for k in self._iterkeys())
+            
+    def _iteritems( self ):
+        return ((k, self[k]) for k in self._iterkeys())
+
+    if PY_3:
+        keys = _iterkeys       
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result keys (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+        values = _itervalues
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result values (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+        items = _iteritems
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result key-value tuples (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+    else:
+        iterkeys = _iterkeys
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result keys (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        itervalues = _itervalues
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result values (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        iteritems = _iteritems
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result key-value tuples (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        def keys( self ):
+            """Returns all named result keys (as a list in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.iterkeys())
+
+        def values( self ):
+            """Returns all named result values (as a list in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.itervalues())
+                
+        def items( self ):
+            """Returns all named result key-values (as a list of tuples in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.iteritems())
+
+    def haskeys( self ):
+        """Since keys() returns an iterator, this method is helpful in bypassing
+           code that looks for the existence of any defined results names."""
+        return bool(self.__tokdict)
+        
+    def pop( self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Removes and returns item at specified index (default=C{last}).
+        Supports both C{list} and C{dict} semantics for C{pop()}. If passed no
+        argument or an integer argument, it will use C{list} semantics
+        and pop tokens from the list of parsed tokens. If passed a 
+        non-integer argument (most likely a string), it will use C{dict}
+        semantics and pop the corresponding value from any defined 
+        results names. A second default return value argument is 
+        supported, just as in C{dict.pop()}.
+
+        Example::
+            def remove_first(tokens):
+                tokens.pop(0)
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(remove_first).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['123', '321']
+
+            label = Word(alphas)
+            patt = label("LABEL") + OneOrMore(Word(nums))
+            print(patt.parseString("AAB 123 321").dump())
+
+            # Use pop() in a parse action to remove named result (note that corresponding value is not
+            # removed from list form of results)
+            def remove_LABEL(tokens):
+                tokens.pop("LABEL")
+                return tokens
+            patt.addParseAction(remove_LABEL)
+            print(patt.parseString("AAB 123 321").dump())
+        prints::
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+            - LABEL: AAB
+
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+        """
+        if not args:
+            args = [-1]
+        for k,v in kwargs.items():
+            if k == 'default':
+                args = (args[0], v)
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("pop() got an unexpected keyword argument '%s'" % k)
+        if (isinstance(args[0], int) or 
+                        len(args) == 1 or 
+                        args[0] in self):
+            index = args[0]
+            ret = self[index]
+            del self[index]
+            return ret
+        else:
+            defaultvalue = args[1]
+            return defaultvalue
+
+    def get(self, key, defaultValue=None):
+        """
+        Returns named result matching the given key, or if there is no
+        such name, then returns the given C{defaultValue} or C{None} if no
+        C{defaultValue} is specified.
+
+        Similar to C{dict.get()}.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")
+            print(result.get("year")) # -> '1999'
+            print(result.get("hour", "not specified")) # -> 'not specified'
+            print(result.get("hour")) # -> None
+        """
+        if key in self:
+            return self[key]
+        else:
+            return defaultValue
+
+    def insert( self, index, insStr ):
+        """
+        Inserts new element at location index in the list of parsed tokens.
+        
+        Similar to C{list.insert()}.
+
+        Example::
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+
+            # use a parse action to insert the parse location in the front of the parsed results
+            def insert_locn(locn, tokens):
+                tokens.insert(0, locn)
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(insert_locn).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> [0, '0', '123', '321']
+        """
+        self.__toklist.insert(index, insStr)
+        # fixup indices in token dictionary
+        for name,occurrences in self.__tokdict.items():
+            for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(value, position + (position > index))
+
+    def append( self, item ):
+        """
+        Add single element to end of ParseResults list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+            
+            # use a parse action to compute the sum of the parsed integers, and add it to the end
+            def append_sum(tokens):
+                tokens.append(sum(map(int, tokens)))
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(append_sum).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321', 444]
+        """
+        self.__toklist.append(item)
+
+    def extend( self, itemseq ):
+        """
+        Add sequence of elements to end of ParseResults list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            
+            # use a parse action to append the reverse of the matched strings, to make a palindrome
+            def make_palindrome(tokens):
+                tokens.extend(reversed([t[::-1] for t in tokens]))
+                return ''.join(tokens)
+            print(patt.addParseAction(make_palindrome).parseString("lskdj sdlkjf lksd")) # -> 'lskdjsdlkjflksddsklfjkldsjdksl'
+        """
+        if isinstance(itemseq, ParseResults):
+            self += itemseq
+        else:
+            self.__toklist.extend(itemseq)
+
+    def clear( self ):
+        """
+        Clear all elements and results names.
+        """
+        del self.__toklist[:]
+        self.__tokdict.clear()
+
+    def __getattr__( self, name ):
+        try:
+            return self[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            return ""
+            
+        if name in self.__tokdict:
+            if name not in self.__accumNames:
+                return self.__tokdict[name][-1][0]
+            else:
+                return ParseResults([ v[0] for v in self.__tokdict[name] ])
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+    def __add__( self, other ):
+        ret = self.copy()
+        ret += other
+        return ret
+
+    def __iadd__( self, other ):
+        if other.__tokdict:
+            offset = len(self.__toklist)
+            addoffset = lambda a: offset if a<0 else a+offset
+            otheritems = other.__tokdict.items()
+            otherdictitems = [(k, _ParseResultsWithOffset(v[0],addoffset(v[1])) )
+                                for (k,vlist) in otheritems for v in vlist]
+            for k,v in otherdictitems:
+                self[k] = v
+                if isinstance(v[0],ParseResults):
+                    v[0].__parent = wkref(self)
+            
+        self.__toklist += other.__toklist
+        self.__accumNames.update( other.__accumNames )
+        return self
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other,int) and other == 0:
+            # useful for merging many ParseResults using sum() builtin
+            return self.copy()
+        else:
+            # this may raise a TypeError - so be it
+            return other + self
+        
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return "(%s, %s)" % ( repr( self.__toklist ), repr( self.__tokdict ) )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return '[' + ', '.join(_ustr(i) if isinstance(i, ParseResults) else repr(i) for i in self.__toklist) + ']'
+
+    def _asStringList( self, sep='' ):
+        out = []
+        for item in self.__toklist:
+            if out and sep:
+                out.append(sep)
+            if isinstance( item, ParseResults ):
+                out += item._asStringList()
+            else:
+                out.append( _ustr(item) )
+        return out
+
+    def asList( self ):
+        """
+        Returns the parse results as a nested list of matching tokens, all converted to strings.
+
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            result = patt.parseString("sldkj lsdkj sldkj")
+            # even though the result prints in string-like form, it is actually a pyparsing ParseResults
+            print(type(result), result) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+            
+            # Use asList() to create an actual list
+            result_list = result.asList()
+            print(type(result_list), result_list) # -> <class 'list'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+        """
+        return [res.asList() if isinstance(res,ParseResults) else res for res in self.__toklist]
+
+    def asDict( self ):
+        """
+        Returns the named parse results as a nested dictionary.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+            
+            result = date_str.parseString('12/31/1999')
+            print(type(result), repr(result)) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> (['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999'], {'day': [('1999', 4)], 'year': [('12', 0)], 'month': [('31', 2)]})
+            
+            result_dict = result.asDict()
+            print(type(result_dict), repr(result_dict)) # -> <class 'dict'> {'day': '1999', 'year': '12', 'month': '31'}
+
+            # even though a ParseResults supports dict-like access, sometime you just need to have a dict
+            import json
+            print(json.dumps(result)) # -> Exception: TypeError: ... is not JSON serializable
+            print(json.dumps(result.asDict())) # -> {"month": "31", "day": "1999", "year": "12"}
+        """
+        if PY_3:
+            item_fn = self.items
+        else:
+            item_fn = self.iteritems
+            
+        def toItem(obj):
+            if isinstance(obj, ParseResults):
+                if obj.haskeys():
+                    return obj.asDict()
+                else:
+                    return [toItem(v) for v in obj]
+            else:
+                return obj
+                
+        return dict((k,toItem(v)) for k,v in item_fn())
+
+    def copy( self ):
+        """
+        Returns a new copy of a C{ParseResults} object.
+        """
+        ret = ParseResults( self.__toklist )
+        ret.__tokdict = self.__tokdict.copy()
+        ret.__parent = self.__parent
+        ret.__accumNames.update( self.__accumNames )
+        ret.__name = self.__name
+        return ret
+
+    def asXML( self, doctag=None, namedItemsOnly=False, indent="", formatted=True ):
+        """
+        (Deprecated) Returns the parse results as XML. Tags are created for tokens and lists that have defined results names.
+        """
+        nl = "\n"
+        out = []
+        namedItems = dict((v[1],k) for (k,vlist) in self.__tokdict.items()
+                                                            for v in vlist)
+        nextLevelIndent = indent + "  "
+
+        # collapse out indents if formatting is not desired
+        if not formatted:
+            indent = ""
+            nextLevelIndent = ""
+            nl = ""
+
+        selfTag = None
+        if doctag is not None:
+            selfTag = doctag
+        else:
+            if self.__name:
+                selfTag = self.__name
+
+        if not selfTag:
+            if namedItemsOnly:
+                return ""
+            else:
+                selfTag = "ITEM"
+
+        out += [ nl, indent, "<", selfTag, ">" ]
+
+        for i,res in enumerate(self.__toklist):
+            if isinstance(res,ParseResults):
+                if i in namedItems:
+                    out += [ res.asXML(namedItems[i],
+                                        namedItemsOnly and doctag is None,
+                                        nextLevelIndent,
+                                        formatted)]
+                else:
+                    out += [ res.asXML(None,
+                                        namedItemsOnly and doctag is None,
+                                        nextLevelIndent,
+                                        formatted)]
+            else:
+                # individual token, see if there is a name for it
+                resTag = None
+                if i in namedItems:
+                    resTag = namedItems[i]
+                if not resTag:
+                    if namedItemsOnly:
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        resTag = "ITEM"
+                xmlBodyText = _xml_escape(_ustr(res))
+                out += [ nl, nextLevelIndent, "<", resTag, ">",
+                                                xmlBodyText,
+                                                "</", resTag, ">" ]
+
+        out += [ nl, indent, "</", selfTag, ">" ]
+        return "".join(out)
+
+    def __lookup(self,sub):
+        for k,vlist in self.__tokdict.items():
+            for v,loc in vlist:
+                if sub is v:
+                    return k
+        return None
+
+    def getName(self):
+        r"""
+        Returns the results name for this token expression. Useful when several 
+        different expressions might match at a particular location.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            ssn_expr = Regex(r"\d\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d")
+            house_number_expr = Suppress('#') + Word(nums, alphanums)
+            user_data = (Group(house_number_expr)("house_number") 
+                        | Group(ssn_expr)("ssn")
+                        | Group(integer)("age"))
+            user_info = OneOrMore(user_data)
+            
+            result = user_info.parseString("22 111-22-3333 #221B")
+            for item in result:
+                print(item.getName(), ':', item[0])
+        prints::
+            age : 22
+            ssn : 111-22-3333
+            house_number : 221B
+        """
+        if self.__name:
+            return self.__name
+        elif self.__parent:
+            par = self.__parent()
+            if par:
+                return par.__lookup(self)
+            else:
+                return None
+        elif (len(self) == 1 and
+               len(self.__tokdict) == 1 and
+               next(iter(self.__tokdict.values()))[0][1] in (0,-1)):
+            return next(iter(self.__tokdict.keys()))
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def dump(self, indent='', depth=0, full=True):
+        """
+        Diagnostic method for listing out the contents of a C{ParseResults}.
+        Accepts an optional C{indent} argument so that this string can be embedded
+        in a nested display of other data.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+            
+            result = date_str.parseString('12/31/1999')
+            print(result.dump())
+        prints::
+            ['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999']
+            - day: 1999
+            - month: 31
+            - year: 12
+        """
+        out = []
+        NL = '\n'
+        out.append( indent+_ustr(self.asList()) )
+        if full:
+            if self.haskeys():
+                items = sorted((str(k), v) for k,v in self.items())
+                for k,v in items:
+                    if out:
+                        out.append(NL)
+                    out.append( "%s%s- %s: " % (indent,('  '*depth), k) )
+                    if isinstance(v,ParseResults):
+                        if v:
+                            out.append( v.dump(indent,depth+1) )
+                        else:
+                            out.append(_ustr(v))
+                    else:
+                        out.append(repr(v))
+            elif any(isinstance(vv,ParseResults) for vv in self):
+                v = self
+                for i,vv in enumerate(v):
+                    if isinstance(vv,ParseResults):
+                        out.append("\n%s%s[%d]:\n%s%s%s" % (indent,('  '*(depth)),i,indent,('  '*(depth+1)),vv.dump(indent,depth+1) ))
+                    else:
+                        out.append("\n%s%s[%d]:\n%s%s%s" % (indent,('  '*(depth)),i,indent,('  '*(depth+1)),_ustr(vv)))
+            
+        return "".join(out)
+
+    def pprint(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Pretty-printer for parsed results as a list, using the C{pprint} module.
+        Accepts additional positional or keyword args as defined for the 
+        C{pprint.pprint} method. (U{http://docs.python.org/3/library/pprint.html#pprint.pprint})
+
+        Example::
+            ident = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+            num = Word(nums)
+            func = Forward()
+            term = ident | num | Group('(' + func + ')')
+            func <<= ident + Group(Optional(delimitedList(term)))
+            result = func.parseString("fna a,b,(fnb c,d,200),100")
+            result.pprint(width=40)
+        prints::
+            ['fna',
+             ['a',
+              'b',
+              ['(', 'fnb', ['c', 'd', '200'], ')'],
+              '100']]
+        """
+        pprint.pprint(self.asList(), *args, **kwargs)
+
+    # add support for pickle protocol
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return ( self.__toklist,
+                 ( self.__tokdict.copy(),
+                   self.__parent is not None and self.__parent() or None,
+                   self.__accumNames,
+                   self.__name ) )
+
+    def __setstate__(self,state):
+        self.__toklist = state[0]
+        (self.__tokdict,
+         par,
+         inAccumNames,
+         self.__name) = state[1]
+        self.__accumNames = {}
+        self.__accumNames.update(inAccumNames)
+        if par is not None:
+            self.__parent = wkref(par)
+        else:
+            self.__parent = None
+
+    def __getnewargs__(self):
+        return self.__toklist, self.__name, self.__asList, self.__modal
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return (dir(type(self)) + list(self.keys()))
+
+MutableMapping.register(ParseResults)
+
+def col (loc,strg):
+    """Returns current column within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+   The first column is number 1.
+
+   Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+   before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{ParserElement.parseString}<ParserElement.parseString>} for more information
+   on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+   consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+   positions within the parsed string.
+   """
+    s = strg
+    return 1 if 0<loc<len(s) and s[loc-1] == '\n' else loc - s.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+
+def lineno(loc,strg):
+    """Returns current line number within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+   The first line is number 1.
+
+   Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+   before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{ParserElement.parseString}<ParserElement.parseString>} for more information
+   on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+   consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+   positions within the parsed string.
+   """
+    return strg.count("\n",0,loc) + 1
+
+def line( loc, strg ):
+    """Returns the line of text containing loc within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+       """
+    lastCR = strg.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+    nextCR = strg.find("\n", loc)
+    if nextCR >= 0:
+        return strg[lastCR+1:nextCR]
+    else:
+        return strg[lastCR+1:]
+
+def _defaultStartDebugAction( instring, loc, expr ):
+    print (("Match " + _ustr(expr) + " at loc " + _ustr(loc) + "(%d,%d)" % ( lineno(loc,instring), col(loc,instring) )))
+
+def _defaultSuccessDebugAction( instring, startloc, endloc, expr, toks ):
+    print ("Matched " + _ustr(expr) + " -> " + str(toks.asList()))
+
+def _defaultExceptionDebugAction( instring, loc, expr, exc ):
+    print ("Exception raised:" + _ustr(exc))
+
+def nullDebugAction(*args):
+    """'Do-nothing' debug action, to suppress debugging output during parsing."""
+    pass
+
+# Only works on Python 3.x - nonlocal is toxic to Python 2 installs
+#~ 'decorator to trim function calls to match the arity of the target'
+#~ def _trim_arity(func, maxargs=3):
+    #~ if func in singleArgBuiltins:
+        #~ return lambda s,l,t: func(t)
+    #~ limit = 0
+    #~ foundArity = False
+    #~ def wrapper(*args):
+        #~ nonlocal limit,foundArity
+        #~ while 1:
+            #~ try:
+                #~ ret = func(*args[limit:])
+                #~ foundArity = True
+                #~ return ret
+            #~ except TypeError:
+                #~ if limit == maxargs or foundArity:
+                    #~ raise
+                #~ limit += 1
+                #~ continue
+    #~ return wrapper
+
+# this version is Python 2.x-3.x cross-compatible
+'decorator to trim function calls to match the arity of the target'
+def _trim_arity(func, maxargs=2):
+    if func in singleArgBuiltins:
+        return lambda s,l,t: func(t)
+    limit = [0]
+    foundArity = [False]
+    
+    # traceback return data structure changed in Py3.5 - normalize back to plain tuples
+    if system_version[:2] >= (3,5):
+        def extract_stack(limit=0):
+            # special handling for Python 3.5.0 - extra deep call stack by 1
+            offset = -3 if system_version == (3,5,0) else -2
+            frame_summary = traceback.extract_stack(limit=-offset+limit-1)[offset]
+            return [frame_summary[:2]]
+        def extract_tb(tb, limit=0):
+            frames = traceback.extract_tb(tb, limit=limit)
+            frame_summary = frames[-1]
+            return [frame_summary[:2]]
+    else:
+        extract_stack = traceback.extract_stack
+        extract_tb = traceback.extract_tb
+    
+    # synthesize what would be returned by traceback.extract_stack at the call to 
+    # user's parse action 'func', so that we don't incur call penalty at parse time
+    
+    LINE_DIFF = 6
+    # IF ANY CODE CHANGES, EVEN JUST COMMENTS OR BLANK LINES, BETWEEN THE NEXT LINE AND 
+    # THE CALL TO FUNC INSIDE WRAPPER, LINE_DIFF MUST BE MODIFIED!!!!
+    this_line = extract_stack(limit=2)[-1]
+    pa_call_line_synth = (this_line[0], this_line[1]+LINE_DIFF)
+
+    def wrapper(*args):
+        while 1:
+            try:
+                ret = func(*args[limit[0]:])
+                foundArity[0] = True
+                return ret
+            except TypeError:
+                # re-raise TypeErrors if they did not come from our arity testing
+                if foundArity[0]:
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        tb = sys.exc_info()[-1]
+                        if not extract_tb(tb, limit=2)[-1][:2] == pa_call_line_synth:
+                            raise
+                    finally:
+                        del tb
+
+                if limit[0] <= maxargs:
+                    limit[0] += 1
+                    continue
+                raise
+
+    # copy func name to wrapper for sensible debug output
+    func_name = "<parse action>"
+    try:
+        func_name = getattr(func, '__name__', 
+                            getattr(func, '__class__').__name__)
+    except Exception:
+        func_name = str(func)
+    wrapper.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return wrapper
+
+class ParserElement(object):
+    """Abstract base level parser element class."""
+    DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS = " \n\t\r"
+    verbose_stacktrace = False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def setDefaultWhitespaceChars( chars ):
+        r"""
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+
+        Example::
+            # default whitespace chars are space, <TAB> and newline
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parseString("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def', 'ghi', 'jkl']
+            
+            # change to just treat newline as significant
+            ParserElement.setDefaultWhitespaceChars(" \t")
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parseString("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def']
+        """
+        ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS = chars
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def inlineLiteralsUsing(cls):
+        """
+        Set class to be used for inclusion of string literals into a parser.
+        
+        Example::
+            # default literal class used is Literal
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+
+
+            # change to Suppress
+            ParserElement.inlineLiteralsUsing(Suppress)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '12', '31']
+        """
+        ParserElement._literalStringClass = cls
+
+    def __init__( self, savelist=False ):
+        self.parseAction = list()
+        self.failAction = None
+        #~ self.name = "<unknown>"  # don't define self.name, let subclasses try/except upcall
+        self.strRepr = None
+        self.resultsName = None
+        self.saveAsList = savelist
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = True
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False # used when checking for left-recursion
+        self.keepTabs = False
+        self.ignoreExprs = list()
+        self.debug = False
+        self.streamlined = False
+        self.mayIndexError = True # used to optimize exception handling for subclasses that don't advance parse index
+        self.errmsg = ""
+        self.modalResults = True # used to mark results names as modal (report only last) or cumulative (list all)
+        self.debugActions = ( None, None, None ) #custom debug actions
+        self.re = None
+        self.callPreparse = True # used to avoid redundant calls to preParse
+        self.callDuringTry = False
+
+    def copy( self ):
+        """
+        Make a copy of this C{ParserElement}.  Useful for defining different parse actions
+        for the same parsing pattern, using copies of the original parse element.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            integerK = integer.copy().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024) + Suppress("K")
+            integerM = integer.copy().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024*1024) + Suppress("M")
+            
+            print(OneOrMore(integerK | integerM | integer).parseString("5K 100 640K 256M"))
+        prints::
+            [5120, 100, 655360, 268435456]
+        Equivalent form of C{expr.copy()} is just C{expr()}::
+            integerM = integer().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024*1024) + Suppress("M")
+        """
+        cpy = copy.copy( self )
+        cpy.parseAction = self.parseAction[:]
+        cpy.ignoreExprs = self.ignoreExprs[:]
+        if self.copyDefaultWhiteChars:
+            cpy.whiteChars = ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+        return cpy
+
+    def setName( self, name ):
+        """
+        Define name for this expression, makes debugging and exception messages clearer.
+        
+        Example::
+            Word(nums).parseString("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected W:(0123...) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+            Word(nums).setName("integer").parseString("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        self.name = name
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        if hasattr(self,"exception"):
+            self.exception.msg = self.errmsg
+        return self
+
+    def setResultsName( self, name, listAllMatches=False ):
+        """
+        Define name for referencing matching tokens as a nested attribute
+        of the returned parse results.
+        NOTE: this returns a *copy* of the original C{ParserElement} object;
+        this is so that the client can define a basic element, such as an
+        integer, and reference it in multiple places with different names.
+
+        You can also set results names using the abbreviated syntax,
+        C{expr("name")} in place of C{expr.setResultsName("name")} - 
+        see L{I{__call__}<__call__>}.
+
+        Example::
+            date_str = (integer.setResultsName("year") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("month") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("day"))
+
+            # equivalent form:
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+        """
+        newself = self.copy()
+        if name.endswith("*"):
+            name = name[:-1]
+            listAllMatches=True
+        newself.resultsName = name
+        newself.modalResults = not listAllMatches
+        return newself
+
+    def setBreak(self,breakFlag = True):
+        """Method to invoke the Python pdb debugger when this element is
+           about to be parsed. Set C{breakFlag} to True to enable, False to
+           disable.
+        """
+        if breakFlag:
+            _parseMethod = self._parse
+            def breaker(instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True):
+                import pdb
+                pdb.set_trace()
+                return _parseMethod( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse )
+            breaker._originalParseMethod = _parseMethod
+            self._parse = breaker
+        else:
+            if hasattr(self._parse,"_originalParseMethod"):
+                self._parse = self._parse._originalParseMethod
+        return self
+
+    def setParseAction( self, *fns, **kwargs ):
+        """
+        Define one or more actions to perform when successfully matching parse element definition.
+        Parse action fn is a callable method with 0-3 arguments, called as C{fn(s,loc,toks)},
+        C{fn(loc,toks)}, C{fn(toks)}, or just C{fn()}, where:
+         - s   = the original string being parsed (see note below)
+         - loc = the location of the matching substring
+         - toks = a list of the matched tokens, packaged as a C{L{ParseResults}} object
+        If the functions in fns modify the tokens, they can return them as the return
+        value from fn, and the modified list of tokens will replace the original.
+        Otherwise, fn does not need to return any value.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+         - callDuringTry = (default=C{False}) indicate if parse action should be run during lookaheads and alternate testing
+
+        Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+        before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{parseString}<parseString>} for more information
+        on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+        consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+        positions within the parsed string.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+
+            # use parse action to convert to ints at parse time
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            date_str = integer + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            # note that integer fields are now ints, not strings
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> [1999, '/', 12, '/', 31]
+        """
+        self.parseAction = list(map(_trim_arity, list(fns)))
+        self.callDuringTry = kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def addParseAction( self, *fns, **kwargs ):
+        """
+        Add one or more parse actions to expression's list of parse actions. See L{I{setParseAction}<setParseAction>}.
+        
+        See examples in L{I{copy}<copy>}.
+        """
+        self.parseAction += list(map(_trim_arity, list(fns)))
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def addCondition(self, *fns, **kwargs):
+        """Add a boolean predicate function to expression's list of parse actions. See 
+        L{I{setParseAction}<setParseAction>} for function call signatures. Unlike C{setParseAction}, 
+        functions passed to C{addCondition} need to return boolean success/fail of the condition.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+         - message = define a custom message to be used in the raised exception
+         - fatal   = if True, will raise ParseFatalException to stop parsing immediately; otherwise will raise ParseException
+         
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            year_int = integer.copy()
+            year_int.addCondition(lambda toks: toks[0] >= 2000, message="Only support years 2000 and later")
+            date_str = year_int + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> Exception: Only support years 2000 and later (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        msg = kwargs.get("message", "failed user-defined condition")
+        exc_type = ParseFatalException if kwargs.get("fatal", False) else ParseException
+        for fn in fns:
+            def pa(s,l,t):
+                if not bool(_trim_arity(fn)(s,l,t)):
+                    raise exc_type(s,l,msg)
+            self.parseAction.append(pa)
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def setFailAction( self, fn ):
+        """Define action to perform if parsing fails at this expression.
+           Fail acton fn is a callable function that takes the arguments
+           C{fn(s,loc,expr,err)} where:
+            - s = string being parsed
+            - loc = location where expression match was attempted and failed
+            - expr = the parse expression that failed
+            - err = the exception thrown
+           The function returns no value.  It may throw C{L{ParseFatalException}}
+           if it is desired to stop parsing immediately."""
+        self.failAction = fn
+        return self
+
+    def _skipIgnorables( self, instring, loc ):
+        exprsFound = True
+        while exprsFound:
+            exprsFound = False
+            for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+                try:
+                    while 1:
+                        loc,dummy = e._parse( instring, loc )
+                        exprsFound = True
+                except ParseException:
+                    pass
+        return loc
+
+    def preParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        if self.ignoreExprs:
+            loc = self._skipIgnorables( instring, loc )
+
+        if self.skipWhitespace:
+            wt = self.whiteChars
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            while loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in wt:
+                loc += 1
+
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        return loc, []
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return tokenlist
+
+    #~ @profile
+    def _parseNoCache( self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True ):
+        debugging = ( self.debug ) #and doActions )
+
+        if debugging or self.failAction:
+            #~ print ("Match",self,"at loc",loc,"(%d,%d)" % ( lineno(loc,instring), col(loc,instring) ))
+            if (self.debugActions[0] ):
+                self.debugActions[0]( instring, loc, self )
+            if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                preloc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+            else:
+                preloc = loc
+            tokensStart = preloc
+            try:
+                try:
+                    loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseException( instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self )
+            except ParseBaseException as err:
+                #~ print ("Exception raised:", err)
+                if self.debugActions[2]:
+                    self.debugActions[2]( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                if self.failAction:
+                    self.failAction( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                raise
+        else:
+            if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                preloc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+            else:
+                preloc = loc
+            tokensStart = preloc
+            if self.mayIndexError or preloc >= len(instring):
+                try:
+                    loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseException( instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self )
+            else:
+                loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+
+        tokens = self.postParse( instring, loc, tokens )
+
+        retTokens = ParseResults( tokens, self.resultsName, asList=self.saveAsList, modal=self.modalResults )
+        if self.parseAction and (doActions or self.callDuringTry):
+            if debugging:
+                try:
+                    for fn in self.parseAction:
+                        tokens = fn( instring, tokensStart, retTokens )
+                        if tokens is not None:
+                            retTokens = ParseResults( tokens,
+                                                      self.resultsName,
+                                                      asList=self.saveAsList and isinstance(tokens,(ParseResults,list)),
+                                                      modal=self.modalResults )
+                except ParseBaseException as err:
+                    #~ print "Exception raised in user parse action:", err
+                    if (self.debugActions[2] ):
+                        self.debugActions[2]( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                    raise
+            else:
+                for fn in self.parseAction:
+                    tokens = fn( instring, tokensStart, retTokens )
+                    if tokens is not None:
+                        retTokens = ParseResults( tokens,
+                                                  self.resultsName,
+                                                  asList=self.saveAsList and isinstance(tokens,(ParseResults,list)),
+                                                  modal=self.modalResults )
+        if debugging:
+            #~ print ("Matched",self,"->",retTokens.asList())
+            if (self.debugActions[1] ):
+                self.debugActions[1]( instring, tokensStart, loc, self, retTokens )
+
+        return loc, retTokens
+
+    def tryParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        try:
+            return self._parse( instring, loc, doActions=False )[0]
+        except ParseFatalException:
+            raise ParseException( instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+    
+    def canParseNext(self, instring, loc):
+        try:
+            self.tryParse(instring, loc)
+        except (ParseException, IndexError):
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    class _UnboundedCache(object):
+        def __init__(self):
+            cache = {}
+            self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+            def get(self, key):
+                return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+            def set(self, key, value):
+                cache[key] = value
+
+            def clear(self):
+                cache.clear()
+                
+            def cache_len(self):
+                return len(cache)
+
+            self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+            self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+            self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+            self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    if _OrderedDict is not None:
+        class _FifoCache(object):
+            def __init__(self, size):
+                self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+                cache = _OrderedDict()
+
+                def get(self, key):
+                    return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+                def set(self, key, value):
+                    cache[key] = value
+                    while len(cache) > size:
+                        try:
+                            cache.popitem(False)
+                        except KeyError:
+                            pass
+
+                def clear(self):
+                    cache.clear()
+
+                def cache_len(self):
+                    return len(cache)
+
+                self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+                self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+                self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+                self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    else:
+        class _FifoCache(object):
+            def __init__(self, size):
+                self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+                cache = {}
+                key_fifo = collections.deque([], size)
+
+                def get(self, key):
+                    return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+                def set(self, key, value):
+                    cache[key] = value
+                    while len(key_fifo) > size:
+                        cache.pop(key_fifo.popleft(), None)
+                    key_fifo.append(key)
+
+                def clear(self):
+                    cache.clear()
+                    key_fifo.clear()
+
+                def cache_len(self):
+                    return len(cache)
+
+                self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+                self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+                self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+                self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    # argument cache for optimizing repeated calls when backtracking through recursive expressions
+    packrat_cache = {} # this is set later by enabledPackrat(); this is here so that resetCache() doesn't fail
+    packrat_cache_lock = RLock()
+    packrat_cache_stats = [0, 0]
+
+    # this method gets repeatedly called during backtracking with the same arguments -
+    # we can cache these arguments and save ourselves the trouble of re-parsing the contained expression
+    def _parseCache( self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True ):
+        HIT, MISS = 0, 1
+        lookup = (self, instring, loc, callPreParse, doActions)
+        with ParserElement.packrat_cache_lock:
+            cache = ParserElement.packrat_cache
+            value = cache.get(lookup)
+            if value is cache.not_in_cache:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[MISS] += 1
+                try:
+                    value = self._parseNoCache(instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse)
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    # cache a copy of the exception, without the traceback
+                    cache.set(lookup, pe.__class__(*pe.args))
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    cache.set(lookup, (value[0], value[1].copy()))
+                    return value
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[HIT] += 1
+                if isinstance(value, Exception):
+                    raise value
+                return (value[0], value[1].copy())
+
+    _parse = _parseNoCache
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def resetCache():
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache.clear()
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[:] = [0] * len(ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats)
+
+    _packratEnabled = False
+    @staticmethod
+    def enablePackrat(cache_size_limit=128):
+        """Enables "packrat" parsing, which adds memoizing to the parsing logic.
+           Repeated parse attempts at the same string location (which happens
+           often in many complex grammars) can immediately return a cached value,
+           instead of re-executing parsing/validating code.  Memoizing is done of
+           both valid results and parsing exceptions.
+           
+           Parameters:
+            - cache_size_limit - (default=C{128}) - if an integer value is provided
+              will limit the size of the packrat cache; if None is passed, then
+              the cache size will be unbounded; if 0 is passed, the cache will
+              be effectively disabled.
+            
+           This speedup may break existing programs that use parse actions that
+           have side-effects.  For this reason, packrat parsing is disabled when
+           you first import pyparsing.  To activate the packrat feature, your
+           program must call the class method C{ParserElement.enablePackrat()}.  If
+           your program uses C{psyco} to "compile as you go", you must call
+           C{enablePackrat} before calling C{psyco.full()}.  If you do not do this,
+           Python will crash.  For best results, call C{enablePackrat()} immediately
+           after importing pyparsing.
+           
+           Example::
+               import pyparsing
+               pyparsing.ParserElement.enablePackrat()
+        """
+        if not ParserElement._packratEnabled:
+            ParserElement._packratEnabled = True
+            if cache_size_limit is None:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = ParserElement._UnboundedCache()
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = ParserElement._FifoCache(cache_size_limit)
+            ParserElement._parse = ParserElement._parseCache
+
+    def parseString( self, instring, parseAll=False ):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression with the given string.
+        This is the main interface to the client code, once the complete
+        expression has been built.
+
+        If you want the grammar to require that the entire input string be
+        successfully parsed, then set C{parseAll} to True (equivalent to ending
+        the grammar with C{L{StringEnd()}}).
+
+        Note: C{parseString} implicitly calls C{expandtabs()} on the input string,
+        in order to report proper column numbers in parse actions.
+        If the input string contains tabs and
+        the grammar uses parse actions that use the C{loc} argument to index into the
+        string being parsed, you can ensure you have a consistent view of the input
+        string by:
+         - calling C{parseWithTabs} on your grammar before calling C{parseString}
+           (see L{I{parseWithTabs}<parseWithTabs>})
+         - define your parse action using the full C{(s,loc,toks)} signature, and
+           reference the input string using the parse action's C{s} argument
+         - explictly expand the tabs in your input string before calling
+           C{parseString}
+        
+        Example::
+            Word('a').parseString('aaaaabaaa')  # -> ['aaaaa']
+            Word('a').parseString('aaaaabaaa', parseAll=True)  # -> Exception: Expected end of text
+        """
+        ParserElement.resetCache()
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+            #~ self.saveAsList = True
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = instring.expandtabs()
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self._parse( instring, 0 )
+            if parseAll:
+                loc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+                se = Empty() + StringEnd()
+                se._parse( instring, loc )
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+        else:
+            return tokens
+
+    def scanString( self, instring, maxMatches=_MAX_INT, overlap=False ):
+        """
+        Scan the input string for expression matches.  Each match will return the
+        matching tokens, start location, and end location.  May be called with optional
+        C{maxMatches} argument, to clip scanning after 'n' matches are found.  If
+        C{overlap} is specified, then overlapping matches will be reported.
+
+        Note that the start and end locations are reported relative to the string
+        being parsed.  See L{I{parseString}<parseString>} for more information on parsing
+        strings with embedded tabs.
+
+        Example::
+            source = "sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987"
+            print(source)
+            for tokens,start,end in Word(alphas).scanString(source):
+                print(' '*start + '^'*(end-start))
+                print(' '*start + tokens[0])
+        
+        prints::
+        
+            sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987
+            ^^^^^
+            sldjf
+                    ^^^^^^^
+                    lsdjjkf
+                              ^^^^^^
+                              sldkjf
+                                       ^^^^^^
+                                       lkjsfd
+        """
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = _ustr(instring).expandtabs()
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        loc = 0
+        preparseFn = self.preParse
+        parseFn = self._parse
+        ParserElement.resetCache()
+        matches = 0
+        try:
+            while loc <= instrlen and matches < maxMatches:
+                try:
+                    preloc = preparseFn( instring, loc )
+                    nextLoc,tokens = parseFn( instring, preloc, callPreParse=False )
+                except ParseException:
+                    loc = preloc+1
+                else:
+                    if nextLoc > loc:
+                        matches += 1
+                        yield tokens, preloc, nextLoc
+                        if overlap:
+                            nextloc = preparseFn( instring, loc )
+                            if nextloc > loc:
+                                loc = nextLoc
+                            else:
+                                loc += 1
+                        else:
+                            loc = nextLoc
+                    else:
+                        loc = preloc+1
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def transformString( self, instring ):
+        """
+        Extension to C{L{scanString}}, to modify matching text with modified tokens that may
+        be returned from a parse action.  To use C{transformString}, define a grammar and
+        attach a parse action to it that modifies the returned token list.
+        Invoking C{transformString()} on a target string will then scan for matches,
+        and replace the matched text patterns according to the logic in the parse
+        action.  C{transformString()} returns the resulting transformed string.
+        
+        Example::
+            wd = Word(alphas)
+            wd.setParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0].title())
+            
+            print(wd.transformString("now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york."))
+        Prints::
+            Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York.
+        """
+        out = []
+        lastE = 0
+        # force preservation of <TAB>s, to minimize unwanted transformation of string, and to
+        # keep string locs straight between transformString and scanString
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        try:
+            for t,s,e in self.scanString( instring ):
+                out.append( instring[lastE:s] )
+                if t:
+                    if isinstance(t,ParseResults):
+                        out += t.asList()
+                    elif isinstance(t,list):
+                        out += t
+                    else:
+                        out.append(t)
+                lastE = e
+            out.append(instring[lastE:])
+            out = [o for o in out if o]
+            return "".join(map(_ustr,_flatten(out)))
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def searchString( self, instring, maxMatches=_MAX_INT ):
+        """
+        Another extension to C{L{scanString}}, simplifying the access to the tokens found
+        to match the given parse expression.  May be called with optional
+        C{maxMatches} argument, to clip searching after 'n' matches are found.
+        
+        Example::
+            # a capitalized word starts with an uppercase letter, followed by zero or more lowercase letters
+            cap_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+            
+            print(cap_word.searchString("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity"))
+
+            # the sum() builtin can be used to merge results into a single ParseResults object
+            print(sum(cap_word.searchString("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity")))
+        prints::
+            [['More'], ['Iron'], ['Lead'], ['Gold'], ['I'], ['Electricity']]
+            ['More', 'Iron', 'Lead', 'Gold', 'I', 'Electricity']
+        """
+        try:
+            return ParseResults([ t for t,s,e in self.scanString( instring, maxMatches ) ])
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def split(self, instring, maxsplit=_MAX_INT, includeSeparators=False):
+        """
+        Generator method to split a string using the given expression as a separator.
+        May be called with optional C{maxsplit} argument, to limit the number of splits;
+        and the optional C{includeSeparators} argument (default=C{False}), if the separating
+        matching text should be included in the split results.
+        
+        Example::        
+            punc = oneOf(list(".,;:/-!?"))
+            print(list(punc.split("This, this?, this sentence, is badly punctuated!")))
+        prints::
+            ['This', ' this', '', ' this sentence', ' is badly punctuated', '']
+        """
+        splits = 0
+        last = 0
+        for t,s,e in self.scanString(instring, maxMatches=maxsplit):
+            yield instring[last:s]
+            if includeSeparators:
+                yield t[0]
+            last = e
+        yield instring[last:]
+
+    def __add__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of + operator - returns C{L{And}}. Adding strings to a ParserElement
+        converts them to L{Literal}s by default.
+        
+        Example::
+            greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+            hello = "Hello, World!"
+            print (hello, "->", greet.parseString(hello))
+        Prints::
+            Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return And( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __radd__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of + operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other + self
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of - operator, returns C{L{And}} with error stop
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return self + And._ErrorStop() + other
+
+    def __rsub__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of - operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other - self
+
+    def __mul__(self,other):
+        """
+        Implementation of * operator, allows use of C{expr * 3} in place of
+        C{expr + expr + expr}.  Expressions may also me multiplied by a 2-integer
+        tuple, similar to C{{min,max}} multipliers in regular expressions.  Tuples
+        may also include C{None} as in:
+         - C{expr*(n,None)} or C{expr*(n,)} is equivalent
+              to C{expr*n + L{ZeroOrMore}(expr)}
+              (read as "at least n instances of C{expr}")
+         - C{expr*(None,n)} is equivalent to C{expr*(0,n)}
+              (read as "0 to n instances of C{expr}")
+         - C{expr*(None,None)} is equivalent to C{L{ZeroOrMore}(expr)}
+         - C{expr*(1,None)} is equivalent to C{L{OneOrMore}(expr)}
+
+        Note that C{expr*(None,n)} does not raise an exception if
+        more than n exprs exist in the input stream; that is,
+        C{expr*(None,n)} does not enforce a maximum number of expr
+        occurrences.  If this behavior is desired, then write
+        C{expr*(None,n) + ~expr}
+        """
+        if isinstance(other,int):
+            minElements, optElements = other,0
+        elif isinstance(other,tuple):
+            other = (other + (None, None))[:2]
+            if other[0] is None:
+                other = (0, other[1])
+            if isinstance(other[0],int) and other[1] is None:
+                if other[0] == 0:
+                    return ZeroOrMore(self)
+                if other[0] == 1:
+                    return OneOrMore(self)
+                else:
+                    return self*other[0] + ZeroOrMore(self)
+            elif isinstance(other[0],int) and isinstance(other[1],int):
+                minElements, optElements = other
+                optElements -= minElements
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("cannot multiply 'ParserElement' and ('%s','%s') objects", type(other[0]),type(other[1]))
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("cannot multiply 'ParserElement' and '%s' objects", type(other))
+
+        if minElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError("cannot multiply ParserElement by negative value")
+        if optElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError("second tuple value must be greater or equal to first tuple value")
+        if minElements == optElements == 0:
+            raise ValueError("cannot multiply ParserElement by 0 or (0,0)")
+
+        if (optElements):
+            def makeOptionalList(n):
+                if n>1:
+                    return Optional(self + makeOptionalList(n-1))
+                else:
+                    return Optional(self)
+            if minElements:
+                if minElements == 1:
+                    ret = self + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+                else:
+                    ret = And([self]*minElements) + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+            else:
+                ret = makeOptionalList(optElements)
+        else:
+            if minElements == 1:
+                ret = self
+            else:
+                ret = And([self]*minElements)
+        return ret
+
+    def __rmul__(self, other):
+        return self.__mul__(other)
+
+    def __or__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of | operator - returns C{L{MatchFirst}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return MatchFirst( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __ror__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of | operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other | self
+
+    def __xor__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ^ operator - returns C{L{Or}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return Or( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __rxor__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ^ operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other ^ self
+
+    def __and__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of & operator - returns C{L{Each}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return Each( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __rand__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of & operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other & self
+
+    def __invert__( self ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ~ operator - returns C{L{NotAny}}
+        """
+        return NotAny( self )
+
+    def __call__(self, name=None):
+        """
+        Shortcut for C{L{setResultsName}}, with C{listAllMatches=False}.
+        
+        If C{name} is given with a trailing C{'*'} character, then C{listAllMatches} will be
+        passed as C{True}.
+           
+        If C{name} is omitted, same as calling C{L{copy}}.
+
+        Example::
+            # these are equivalent
+            userdata = Word(alphas).setResultsName("name") + Word(nums+"-").setResultsName("socsecno")
+            userdata = Word(alphas)("name") + Word(nums+"-")("socsecno")             
+        """
+        if name is not None:
+            return self.setResultsName(name)
+        else:
+            return self.copy()
+
+    def suppress( self ):
+        """
+        Suppresses the output of this C{ParserElement}; useful to keep punctuation from
+        cluttering up returned output.
+        """
+        return Suppress( self )
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        """
+        Disables the skipping of whitespace before matching the characters in the
+        C{ParserElement}'s defined pattern.  This is normally only used internally by
+        the pyparsing module, but may be needed in some whitespace-sensitive grammars.
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def setWhitespaceChars( self, chars ):
+        """
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = chars
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = False
+        return self
+
+    def parseWithTabs( self ):
+        """
+        Overrides default behavior to expand C{<TAB>}s to spaces before parsing the input string.
+        Must be called before C{parseString} when the input grammar contains elements that
+        match C{<TAB>} characters.
+        """
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        """
+        Define expression to be ignored (e.g., comments) while doing pattern
+        matching; may be called repeatedly, to define multiple comment or other
+        ignorable patterns.
+        
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            patt.parseString('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd') # -> ['ablaj']
+            
+            patt.ignore(cStyleComment)
+            patt.parseString('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd') # -> ['ablaj', 'lskjd']
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, basestring):
+            other = Suppress(other)
+
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                self.ignoreExprs.append(other)
+        else:
+            self.ignoreExprs.append( Suppress( other.copy() ) )
+        return self
+
+    def setDebugActions( self, startAction, successAction, exceptionAction ):
+        """
+        Enable display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching.
+        """
+        self.debugActions = (startAction or _defaultStartDebugAction,
+                             successAction or _defaultSuccessDebugAction,
+                             exceptionAction or _defaultExceptionDebugAction)
+        self.debug = True
+        return self
+
+    def setDebug( self, flag=True ):
+        """
+        Enable display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching.
+        Set C{flag} to True to enable, False to disable.
+
+        Example::
+            wd = Word(alphas).setName("alphaword")
+            integer = Word(nums).setName("numword")
+            term = wd | integer
+            
+            # turn on debugging for wd
+            wd.setDebug()
+
+            OneOrMore(term).parseString("abc 123 xyz 890")
+        
+        prints::
+            Match alphaword at loc 0(1,1)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['abc']
+            Match alphaword at loc 3(1,4)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+            Match alphaword at loc 7(1,8)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['xyz']
+            Match alphaword at loc 11(1,12)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 12), (line:1, col:13)
+            Match alphaword at loc 15(1,16)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 15), (line:1, col:16)
+
+        The output shown is that produced by the default debug actions - custom debug actions can be
+        specified using L{setDebugActions}. Prior to attempting
+        to match the C{wd} expression, the debugging message C{"Match <exprname> at loc <n>(<line>,<col>)"}
+        is shown. Then if the parse succeeds, a C{"Matched"} message is shown, or an C{"Exception raised"}
+        message is shown. Also note the use of L{setName} to assign a human-readable name to the expression,
+        which makes debugging and exception messages easier to understand - for instance, the default
+        name created for the C{Word} expression without calling C{setName} is C{"W:(ABCD...)"}.
+        """
+        if flag:
+            self.setDebugActions( _defaultStartDebugAction, _defaultSuccessDebugAction, _defaultExceptionDebugAction )
+        else:
+            self.debug = False
+        return self
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return self.name
+
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return _ustr(self)
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        self.streamlined = True
+        self.strRepr = None
+        return self
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        pass
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        """
+        Check defined expressions for valid structure, check for infinite recursive definitions.
+        """
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+
+    def parseFile( self, file_or_filename, parseAll=False ):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on the given file or filename.
+        If a filename is specified (instead of a file object),
+        the entire file is opened, read, and closed before parsing.
+        """
+        try:
+            file_contents = file_or_filename.read()
+        except AttributeError:
+            with open(file_or_filename, "r") as f:
+                file_contents = f.read()
+        try:
+            return self.parseString(file_contents, parseAll)
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def __eq__(self,other):
+        if isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            return self is other or vars(self) == vars(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, basestring):
+            return self.matches(other)
+        else:
+            return super(ParserElement,self)==other
+
+    def __ne__(self,other):
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(id(self))
+
+    def __req__(self,other):
+        return self == other
+
+    def __rne__(self,other):
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    def matches(self, testString, parseAll=True):
+        """
+        Method for quick testing of a parser against a test string. Good for simple 
+        inline microtests of sub expressions while building up larger parser.
+           
+        Parameters:
+         - testString - to test against this expression for a match
+         - parseAll - (default=C{True}) - flag to pass to C{L{parseString}} when running tests
+            
+        Example::
+            expr = Word(nums)
+            assert expr.matches("100")
+        """
+        try:
+            self.parseString(_ustr(testString), parseAll=parseAll)
+            return True
+        except ParseBaseException:
+            return False
+                
+    def runTests(self, tests, parseAll=True, comment='#', fullDump=True, printResults=True, failureTests=False):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on a series of test strings, showing each
+        test, the parsed results or where the parse failed. Quick and easy way to
+        run a parse expression against a list of sample strings.
+           
+        Parameters:
+         - tests - a list of separate test strings, or a multiline string of test strings
+         - parseAll - (default=C{True}) - flag to pass to C{L{parseString}} when running tests           
+         - comment - (default=C{'#'}) - expression for indicating embedded comments in the test 
+              string; pass None to disable comment filtering
+         - fullDump - (default=C{True}) - dump results as list followed by results names in nested outline;
+              if False, only dump nested list
+         - printResults - (default=C{True}) prints test output to stdout
+         - failureTests - (default=C{False}) indicates if these tests are expected to fail parsing
+
+        Returns: a (success, results) tuple, where success indicates that all tests succeeded
+        (or failed if C{failureTests} is True), and the results contain a list of lines of each 
+        test's output
+        
+        Example::
+            number_expr = pyparsing_common.number.copy()
+
+            result = number_expr.runTests('''
+                # unsigned integer
+                100
+                # negative integer
+                -100
+                # float with scientific notation
+                6.02e23
+                # integer with scientific notation
+                1e-12
+                ''')
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+
+            result = number_expr.runTests('''
+                # stray character
+                100Z
+                # missing leading digit before '.'
+                -.100
+                # too many '.'
+                3.14.159
+                ''', failureTests=True)
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+        prints::
+            # unsigned integer
+            100
+            [100]
+
+            # negative integer
+            -100
+            [-100]
+
+            # float with scientific notation
+            6.02e23
+            [6.02e+23]
+
+            # integer with scientific notation
+            1e-12
+            [1e-12]
+
+            Success
+            
+            # stray character
+            100Z
+               ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 3), (line:1, col:4)
+
+            # missing leading digit before '.'
+            -.100
+            ^
+            FAIL: Expected {real number with scientific notation | real number | signed integer} (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+            # too many '.'
+            3.14.159
+                ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+
+            Success
+
+        Each test string must be on a single line. If you want to test a string that spans multiple
+        lines, create a test like this::
+
+            expr.runTest(r"this is a test\\n of strings that spans \\n 3 lines")
+        
+        (Note that this is a raw string literal, you must include the leading 'r'.)
+        """
+        if isinstance(tests, basestring):
+            tests = list(map(str.strip, tests.rstrip().splitlines()))
+        if isinstance(comment, basestring):
+            comment = Literal(comment)
+        allResults = []
+        comments = []
+        success = True
+        for t in tests:
+            if comment is not None and comment.matches(t, False) or comments and not t:
+                comments.append(t)
+                continue
+            if not t:
+                continue
+            out = ['\n'.join(comments), t]
+            comments = []
+            try:
+                t = t.replace(r'\n','\n')
+                result = self.parseString(t, parseAll=parseAll)
+                out.append(result.dump(full=fullDump))
+                success = success and not failureTests
+            except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                fatal = "(FATAL)" if isinstance(pe, ParseFatalException) else ""
+                if '\n' in t:
+                    out.append(line(pe.loc, t))
+                    out.append(' '*(col(pe.loc,t)-1) + '^' + fatal)
+                else:
+                    out.append(' '*pe.loc + '^' + fatal)
+                out.append("FAIL: " + str(pe))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = pe
+            except Exception as exc:
+                out.append("FAIL-EXCEPTION: " + str(exc))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = exc
+
+            if printResults:
+                if fullDump:
+                    out.append('')
+                print('\n'.join(out))
+
+            allResults.append((t, result))
+        
+        return success, allResults
+
+        
+class Token(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract C{ParserElement} subclass, for defining atomic matching patterns.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(Token,self).__init__( savelist=False )
+
+
+class Empty(Token):
+    """
+    An empty token, will always match.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(Empty,self).__init__()
+        self.name = "Empty"
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+
+class NoMatch(Token):
+    """
+    A token that will never match.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(NoMatch,self).__init__()
+        self.name = "NoMatch"
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.errmsg = "Unmatchable token"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Literal(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string.
+    
+    Example::
+        Literal('blah').parseString('blah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parseString('blahfooblah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parseString('bla')  # -> Exception: Expected "blah"
+    
+    For case-insensitive matching, use L{CaselessLiteral}.
+    
+    For keyword matching (force word break before and after the matched string),
+    use L{Keyword} or L{CaselessKeyword}.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString ):
+        super(Literal,self).__init__()
+        self.match = matchString
+        self.matchLen = len(matchString)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = matchString[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            warnings.warn("null string passed to Literal; use Empty() instead",
+                            SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            self.__class__ = Empty
+        self.name = '"%s"' % _ustr(self.match)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+    # Performance tuning: this routine gets called a *lot*
+    # if this is a single character match string  and the first character matches,
+    # short-circuit as quickly as possible, and avoid calling startswith
+    #~ @profile
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if (instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar and
+            (self.matchLen==1 or instring.startswith(self.match,loc)) ):
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+_L = Literal
+ParserElement._literalStringClass = Literal
+
+class Keyword(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string as a keyword, that is, it must be
+    immediately followed by a non-keyword character.  Compare with C{L{Literal}}:
+     - C{Literal("if")} will match the leading C{'if'} in C{'ifAndOnlyIf'}.
+     - C{Keyword("if")} will not; it will only match the leading C{'if'} in C{'if x=1'}, or C{'if(y==2)'}
+    Accepts two optional constructor arguments in addition to the keyword string:
+     - C{identChars} is a string of characters that would be valid identifier characters,
+          defaulting to all alphanumerics + "_" and "$"
+     - C{caseless} allows case-insensitive matching, default is C{False}.
+       
+    Example::
+        Keyword("start").parseString("start")  # -> ['start']
+        Keyword("start").parseString("starting")  # -> Exception
+
+    For case-insensitive matching, use L{CaselessKeyword}.
+    """
+    DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = alphanums+"_$"
+
+    def __init__( self, matchString, identChars=None, caseless=False ):
+        super(Keyword,self).__init__()
+        if identChars is None:
+            identChars = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+        self.match = matchString
+        self.matchLen = len(matchString)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = matchString[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            warnings.warn("null string passed to Keyword; use Empty() instead",
+                            SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        self.name = '"%s"' % self.match
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.caseless = caseless
+        if caseless:
+            self.caselessmatch = matchString.upper()
+            identChars = identChars.upper()
+        self.identChars = set(identChars)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.caseless:
+            if ( (instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.caselessmatch) and
+                 (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen].upper() not in self.identChars) and
+                 (loc == 0 or instring[loc-1].upper() not in self.identChars) ):
+                return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        else:
+            if (instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar and
+                (self.matchLen==1 or instring.startswith(self.match,loc)) and
+                (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen] not in self.identChars) and
+                (loc == 0 or instring[loc-1] not in self.identChars) ):
+                return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        c = super(Keyword,self).copy()
+        c.identChars = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+        return c
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def setDefaultKeywordChars( chars ):
+        """Overrides the default Keyword chars
+        """
+        Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = chars
+
+class CaselessLiteral(Literal):
+    """
+    Token to match a specified string, ignoring case of letters.
+    Note: the matched results will always be in the case of the given
+    match string, NOT the case of the input text.
+
+    Example::
+        OneOrMore(CaselessLiteral("CMD")).parseString("cmd CMD Cmd10") # -> ['CMD', 'CMD', 'CMD']
+        
+    (Contrast with example for L{CaselessKeyword}.)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString ):
+        super(CaselessLiteral,self).__init__( matchString.upper() )
+        # Preserve the defining literal.
+        self.returnString = matchString
+        self.name = "'%s'" % self.returnString
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.match:
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.returnString
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class CaselessKeyword(Keyword):
+    """
+    Caseless version of L{Keyword}.
+
+    Example::
+        OneOrMore(CaselessKeyword("CMD")).parseString("cmd CMD Cmd10") # -> ['CMD', 'CMD']
+        
+    (Contrast with example for L{CaselessLiteral}.)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString, identChars=None ):
+        super(CaselessKeyword,self).__init__( matchString, identChars, caseless=True )
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if ( (instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.caselessmatch) and
+             (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen].upper() not in self.identChars) ):
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class CloseMatch(Token):
+    """
+    A variation on L{Literal} which matches "close" matches, that is, 
+    strings with at most 'n' mismatching characters. C{CloseMatch} takes parameters:
+     - C{match_string} - string to be matched
+     - C{maxMismatches} - (C{default=1}) maximum number of mismatches allowed to count as a match
+    
+    The results from a successful parse will contain the matched text from the input string and the following named results:
+     - C{mismatches} - a list of the positions within the match_string where mismatches were found
+     - C{original} - the original match_string used to compare against the input string
+    
+    If C{mismatches} is an empty list, then the match was an exact match.
+    
+    Example::
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA")
+        patt.parseString("ATCATCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+        patt.parseString("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> Exception: Expected 'ATCATCGAATGGA' (with up to 1 mismatches) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+        # exact match
+        patt.parseString("ATCATCGAATGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAATGGA'], {'mismatches': [[]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+
+        # close match allowing up to 2 mismatches
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA", maxMismatches=2)
+        patt.parseString("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCAXCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[4, 9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+    """
+    def __init__(self, match_string, maxMismatches=1):
+        super(CloseMatch,self).__init__()
+        self.name = match_string
+        self.match_string = match_string
+        self.maxMismatches = maxMismatches
+        self.errmsg = "Expected %r (with up to %d mismatches)" % (self.match_string, self.maxMismatches)
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        start = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        maxloc = start + len(self.match_string)
+
+        if maxloc <= instrlen:
+            match_string = self.match_string
+            match_stringloc = 0
+            mismatches = []
+            maxMismatches = self.maxMismatches
+
+            for match_stringloc,s_m in enumerate(zip(instring[loc:maxloc], self.match_string)):
+                src,mat = s_m
+                if src != mat:
+                    mismatches.append(match_stringloc)
+                    if len(mismatches) > maxMismatches:
+                        break
+            else:
+                loc = match_stringloc + 1
+                results = ParseResults([instring[start:loc]])
+                results['original'] = self.match_string
+                results['mismatches'] = mismatches
+                return loc, results
+
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Word(Token):
+    """
+    Token for matching words composed of allowed character sets.
+    Defined with string containing all allowed initial characters,
+    an optional string containing allowed body characters (if omitted,
+    defaults to the initial character set), and an optional minimum,
+    maximum, and/or exact length.  The default value for C{min} is 1 (a
+    minimum value < 1 is not valid); the default values for C{max} and C{exact}
+    are 0, meaning no maximum or exact length restriction. An optional
+    C{excludeChars} parameter can list characters that might be found in 
+    the input C{bodyChars} string; useful to define a word of all printables
+    except for one or two characters, for instance.
+    
+    L{srange} is useful for defining custom character set strings for defining 
+    C{Word} expressions, using range notation from regular expression character sets.
+    
+    A common mistake is to use C{Word} to match a specific literal string, as in 
+    C{Word("Address")}. Remember that C{Word} uses the string argument to define
+    I{sets} of matchable characters. This expression would match "Add", "AAA",
+    "dAred", or any other word made up of the characters 'A', 'd', 'r', 'e', and 's'.
+    To match an exact literal string, use L{Literal} or L{Keyword}.
+
+    pyparsing includes helper strings for building Words:
+     - L{alphas}
+     - L{nums}
+     - L{alphanums}
+     - L{hexnums}
+     - L{alphas8bit} (alphabetic characters in ASCII range 128-255 - accented, tilded, umlauted, etc.)
+     - L{punc8bit} (non-alphabetic characters in ASCII range 128-255 - currency, symbols, superscripts, diacriticals, etc.)
+     - L{printables} (any non-whitespace character)
+
+    Example::
+        # a word composed of digits
+        integer = Word(nums) # equivalent to Word("0123456789") or Word(srange("0-9"))
+        
+        # a word with a leading capital, and zero or more lowercase
+        capital_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+
+        # hostnames are alphanumeric, with leading alpha, and '-'
+        hostname = Word(alphas, alphanums+'-')
+        
+        # roman numeral (not a strict parser, accepts invalid mix of characters)
+        roman = Word("IVXLCDM")
+        
+        # any string of non-whitespace characters, except for ','
+        csv_value = Word(printables, excludeChars=",")
+    """
+    def __init__( self, initChars, bodyChars=None, min=1, max=0, exact=0, asKeyword=False, excludeChars=None ):
+        super(Word,self).__init__()
+        if excludeChars:
+            initChars = ''.join(c for c in initChars if c not in excludeChars)
+            if bodyChars:
+                bodyChars = ''.join(c for c in bodyChars if c not in excludeChars)
+        self.initCharsOrig = initChars
+        self.initChars = set(initChars)
+        if bodyChars :
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = bodyChars
+            self.bodyChars = set(bodyChars)
+        else:
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = initChars
+            self.bodyChars = set(initChars)
+
+        self.maxSpecified = max > 0
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError("cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use Optional(Word()) if zero-length word is permitted")
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.asKeyword = asKeyword
+
+        if ' ' not in self.initCharsOrig+self.bodyCharsOrig and (min==1 and max==0 and exact==0):
+            if self.bodyCharsOrig == self.initCharsOrig:
+                self.reString = "[%s]+" % _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.initCharsOrig)
+            elif len(self.initCharsOrig) == 1:
+                self.reString = "%s[%s]*" % \
+                                      (re.escape(self.initCharsOrig),
+                                      _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.bodyCharsOrig),)
+            else:
+                self.reString = "[%s][%s]*" % \
+                                      (_escapeRegexRangeChars(self.initCharsOrig),
+                                      _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.bodyCharsOrig),)
+            if self.asKeyword:
+                self.reString = r"\b"+self.reString+r"\b"
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile( self.reString )
+            except Exception:
+                self.re = None
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.re:
+            result = self.re.match(instring,loc)
+            if not result:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+            loc = result.end()
+            return loc, result.group()
+
+        if not(instring[ loc ] in self.initChars):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        bodychars = self.bodyChars
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min( maxloc, instrlen )
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            loc += 1
+
+        throwException = False
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            throwException = True
+        if self.maxSpecified and loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            throwException = True
+        if self.asKeyword:
+            if (start>0 and instring[start-1] in bodychars) or (loc<instrlen and instring[loc] in bodychars):
+                throwException = True
+
+        if throwException:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(Word,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+
+            def charsAsStr(s):
+                if len(s)>4:
+                    return s[:4]+"..."
+                else:
+                    return s
+
+            if ( self.initCharsOrig != self.bodyCharsOrig ):
+                self.strRepr = "W:(%s,%s)" % ( charsAsStr(self.initCharsOrig), charsAsStr(self.bodyCharsOrig) )
+            else:
+                self.strRepr = "W:(%s)" % charsAsStr(self.initCharsOrig)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class Regex(Token):
+    r"""
+    Token for matching strings that match a given regular expression.
+    Defined with string specifying the regular expression in a form recognized by the inbuilt Python re module.
+    If the given regex contains named groups (defined using C{(?P<name>...)}), these will be preserved as 
+    named parse results.
+
+    Example::
+        realnum = Regex(r"[+-]?\d+\.\d*")
+        date = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d?)-(?P<day>\d\d?)')
+        # ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/267399/how-do-you-match-only-valid-roman-numerals-with-a-regular-expression
+        roman = Regex(r"M{0,4}(CM|CD|D?C{0,3})(XC|XL|L?X{0,3})(IX|IV|V?I{0,3})")
+    """
+    compiledREtype = type(re.compile("[A-Z]"))
+    def __init__( self, pattern, flags=0):
+        """The parameters C{pattern} and C{flags} are passed to the C{re.compile()} function as-is. See the Python C{re} module for an explanation of the acceptable patterns and flags."""
+        super(Regex,self).__init__()
+
+        if isinstance(pattern, basestring):
+            if not pattern:
+                warnings.warn("null string passed to Regex; use Empty() instead",
+                        SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+            self.pattern = pattern
+            self.flags = flags
+
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+                self.reString = self.pattern
+            except sre_constants.error:
+                warnings.warn("invalid pattern (%s) passed to Regex" % pattern,
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+                raise
+
+        elif isinstance(pattern, Regex.compiledREtype):
+            self.re = pattern
+            self.pattern = \
+            self.reString = str(pattern)
+            self.flags = flags
+            
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Regex may only be constructed with a string or a compiled RE object")
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        result = self.re.match(instring,loc)
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        d = result.groupdict()
+        ret = ParseResults(result.group())
+        if d:
+            for k in d:
+                ret[k] = d[k]
+        return loc,ret
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(Regex,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "Re:(%s)" % repr(self.pattern)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class QuotedString(Token):
+    r"""
+    Token for matching strings that are delimited by quoting characters.
+    
+    Defined with the following parameters:
+        - quoteChar - string of one or more characters defining the quote delimiting string
+        - escChar - character to escape quotes, typically backslash (default=C{None})
+        - escQuote - special quote sequence to escape an embedded quote string (such as SQL's "" to escape an embedded ") (default=C{None})
+        - multiline - boolean indicating whether quotes can span multiple lines (default=C{False})
+        - unquoteResults - boolean indicating whether the matched text should be unquoted (default=C{True})
+        - endQuoteChar - string of one or more characters defining the end of the quote delimited string (default=C{None} => same as quoteChar)
+        - convertWhitespaceEscapes - convert escaped whitespace (C{'\t'}, C{'\n'}, etc.) to actual whitespace (default=C{True})
+
+    Example::
+        qs = QuotedString('"')
+        print(qs.searchString('lsjdf "This is the quote" sldjf'))
+        complex_qs = QuotedString('{{', endQuoteChar='}}')
+        print(complex_qs.searchString('lsjdf {{This is the "quote"}} sldjf'))
+        sql_qs = QuotedString('"', escQuote='""')
+        print(sql_qs.searchString('lsjdf "This is the quote with ""embedded"" quotes" sldjf'))
+    prints::
+        [['This is the quote']]
+        [['This is the "quote"']]
+        [['This is the quote with "embedded" quotes']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, quoteChar, escChar=None, escQuote=None, multiline=False, unquoteResults=True, endQuoteChar=None, convertWhitespaceEscapes=True):
+        super(QuotedString,self).__init__()
+
+        # remove white space from quote chars - wont work anyway
+        quoteChar = quoteChar.strip()
+        if not quoteChar:
+            warnings.warn("quoteChar cannot be the empty string",SyntaxWarning,stacklevel=2)
+            raise SyntaxError()
+
+        if endQuoteChar is None:
+            endQuoteChar = quoteChar
+        else:
+            endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar.strip()
+            if not endQuoteChar:
+                warnings.warn("endQuoteChar cannot be the empty string",SyntaxWarning,stacklevel=2)
+                raise SyntaxError()
+
+        self.quoteChar = quoteChar
+        self.quoteCharLen = len(quoteChar)
+        self.firstQuoteChar = quoteChar[0]
+        self.endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar
+        self.endQuoteCharLen = len(endQuoteChar)
+        self.escChar = escChar
+        self.escQuote = escQuote
+        self.unquoteResults = unquoteResults
+        self.convertWhitespaceEscapes = convertWhitespaceEscapes
+
+        if multiline:
+            self.flags = re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL
+            self.pattern = r'%s(?:[^%s%s]' % \
+                ( re.escape(self.quoteChar),
+                  _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                  (escChar is not None and _escapeRegexRangeChars(escChar) or '') )
+        else:
+            self.flags = 0
+            self.pattern = r'%s(?:[^%s\n\r%s]' % \
+                ( re.escape(self.quoteChar),
+                  _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                  (escChar is not None and _escapeRegexRangeChars(escChar) or '') )
+        if len(self.endQuoteChar) > 1:
+            self.pattern += (
+                '|(?:' + ')|(?:'.join("%s[^%s]" % (re.escape(self.endQuoteChar[:i]),
+                                               _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[i]))
+                                    for i in range(len(self.endQuoteChar)-1,0,-1)) + ')'
+                )
+        if escQuote:
+            self.pattern += (r'|(?:%s)' % re.escape(escQuote))
+        if escChar:
+            self.pattern += (r'|(?:%s.)' % re.escape(escChar))
+            self.escCharReplacePattern = re.escape(self.escChar)+"(.)"
+        self.pattern += (r')*%s' % re.escape(self.endQuoteChar))
+
+        try:
+            self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+            self.reString = self.pattern
+        except sre_constants.error:
+            warnings.warn("invalid pattern (%s) passed to Regex" % self.pattern,
+                SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            raise
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        result = instring[loc] == self.firstQuoteChar and self.re.match(instring,loc) or None
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        ret = result.group()
+
+        if self.unquoteResults:
+
+            # strip off quotes
+            ret = ret[self.quoteCharLen:-self.endQuoteCharLen]
+
+            if isinstance(ret,basestring):
+                # replace escaped whitespace
+                if '\\' in ret and self.convertWhitespaceEscapes:
+                    ws_map = {
+                        r'\t' : '\t',
+                        r'\n' : '\n',
+                        r'\f' : '\f',
+                        r'\r' : '\r',
+                    }
+                    for wslit,wschar in ws_map.items():
+                        ret = ret.replace(wslit, wschar)
+
+                # replace escaped characters
+                if self.escChar:
+                    ret = re.sub(self.escCharReplacePattern, r"\g<1>", ret)
+
+                # replace escaped quotes
+                if self.escQuote:
+                    ret = ret.replace(self.escQuote, self.endQuoteChar)
+
+        return loc, ret
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(QuotedString,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "quoted string, starting with %s ending with %s" % (self.quoteChar, self.endQuoteChar)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class CharsNotIn(Token):
+    """
+    Token for matching words composed of characters I{not} in a given set (will
+    include whitespace in matched characters if not listed in the provided exclusion set - see example).
+    Defined with string containing all disallowed characters, and an optional
+    minimum, maximum, and/or exact length.  The default value for C{min} is 1 (a
+    minimum value < 1 is not valid); the default values for C{max} and C{exact}
+    are 0, meaning no maximum or exact length restriction.
+
+    Example::
+        # define a comma-separated-value as anything that is not a ','
+        csv_value = CharsNotIn(',')
+        print(delimitedList(csv_value).parseString("dkls,lsdkjf,s12 34,@!#,213"))
+    prints::
+        ['dkls', 'lsdkjf', 's12 34', '@!#', '213']
+    """
+    def __init__( self, notChars, min=1, max=0, exact=0 ):
+        super(CharsNotIn,self).__init__()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.notChars = notChars
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError("cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use Optional(CharsNotIn()) if zero-length char group is permitted")
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = ( self.minLen == 0 )
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if instring[loc] in self.notChars:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        notchars = self.notChars
+        maxlen = min( start+self.maxLen, len(instring) )
+        while loc < maxlen and \
+              (instring[loc] not in notchars):
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(CharsNotIn, self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            if len(self.notChars) > 4:
+                self.strRepr = "!W:(%s...)" % self.notChars[:4]
+            else:
+                self.strRepr = "!W:(%s)" % self.notChars
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class White(Token):
+    """
+    Special matching class for matching whitespace.  Normally, whitespace is ignored
+    by pyparsing grammars.  This class is included when some whitespace structures
+    are significant.  Define with a string containing the whitespace characters to be
+    matched; default is C{" \\t\\r\\n"}.  Also takes optional C{min}, C{max}, and C{exact} arguments,
+    as defined for the C{L{Word}} class.
+    """
+    whiteStrs = {
+        " " : "<SPC>",
+        "\t": "<TAB>",
+        "\n": "<LF>",
+        "\r": "<CR>",
+        "\f": "<FF>",
+        }
+    def __init__(self, ws=" \t\r\n", min=1, max=0, exact=0):
+        super(White,self).__init__()
+        self.matchWhite = ws
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( "".join(c for c in self.whiteChars if c not in self.matchWhite) )
+        #~ self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.name = ("".join(White.whiteStrs[c] for c in self.matchWhite))
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if not(instring[ loc ] in self.matchWhite):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min( maxloc, len(instring) )
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in self.matchWhite:
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+
+class _PositionToken(Token):
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(_PositionToken,self).__init__()
+        self.name=self.__class__.__name__
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+class GoToColumn(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Token to advance to a specific column of input text; useful for tabular report scraping.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, colno ):
+        super(GoToColumn,self).__init__()
+        self.col = colno
+
+    def preParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        if col(loc,instring) != self.col:
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            if self.ignoreExprs:
+                loc = self._skipIgnorables( instring, loc )
+            while loc < instrlen and instring[loc].isspace() and col( loc, instring ) != self.col :
+                loc += 1
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        thiscol = col( loc, instring )
+        if thiscol > self.col:
+            raise ParseException( instring, loc, "Text not in expected column", self )
+        newloc = loc + self.col - thiscol
+        ret = instring[ loc: newloc ]
+        return newloc, ret
+
+
+class LineStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the beginning of a line within the parse string
+    
+    Example::
+    
+        test = '''\
+        AAA this line
+        AAA and this line
+          AAA but not this one
+        B AAA and definitely not this one
+        '''
+
+        for t in (LineStart() + 'AAA' + restOfLine).searchString(test):
+            print(t)
+    
+    Prints::
+        ['AAA', ' this line']
+        ['AAA', ' and this line']    
+
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(LineStart,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of line"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if col(loc, instring) == 1:
+            return loc, []
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class LineEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the end of a line within the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(LineEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS.replace("\n","") )
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of line"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc<len(instring):
+            if instring[loc] == "\n":
+                return loc+1, "\n"
+            else:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc+1, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class StringStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the beginning of the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(StringStart,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of text"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc != 0:
+            # see if entire string up to here is just whitespace and ignoreables
+            if loc != self.preParse( instring, 0 ):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+class StringEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the end of the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(StringEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of text"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc < len(instring):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc+1, []
+        elif loc > len(instring):
+            return loc, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class WordStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if the current position is at the beginning of a Word, and
+    is not preceded by any character in a given set of C{wordChars}
+    (default=C{printables}). To emulate the C{\b} behavior of regular expressions,
+    use C{WordStart(alphanums)}. C{WordStart} will also match at the beginning of
+    the string being parsed, or at the beginning of a line.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, wordChars = printables):
+        super(WordStart,self).__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the start of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc != 0:
+            if (instring[loc-1] in self.wordChars or
+                instring[loc] not in self.wordChars):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+class WordEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if the current position is at the end of a Word, and
+    is not followed by any character in a given set of C{wordChars}
+    (default=C{printables}). To emulate the C{\b} behavior of regular expressions,
+    use C{WordEnd(alphanums)}. C{WordEnd} will also match at the end of
+    the string being parsed, or at the end of a line.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, wordChars = printables):
+        super(WordEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the end of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        if instrlen>0 and loc<instrlen:
+            if (instring[loc] in self.wordChars or
+                instring[loc-1] not in self.wordChars):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class ParseExpression(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of ParserElement, for combining and post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(ParseExpression,self).__init__(savelist)
+        if isinstance( exprs, _generatorType ):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+
+        if isinstance( exprs, basestring ):
+            self.exprs = [ ParserElement._literalStringClass( exprs ) ]
+        elif isinstance( exprs, Iterable ):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+            # if sequence of strings provided, wrap with Literal
+            if all(isinstance(expr, basestring) for expr in exprs):
+                exprs = map(ParserElement._literalStringClass, exprs)
+            self.exprs = list(exprs)
+        else:
+            try:
+                self.exprs = list( exprs )
+            except TypeError:
+                self.exprs = [ exprs ]
+        self.callPreparse = False
+
+    def __getitem__( self, i ):
+        return self.exprs[i]
+
+    def append( self, other ):
+        self.exprs.append( other )
+        self.strRepr = None
+        return self
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        """Extends C{leaveWhitespace} defined in base class, and also invokes C{leaveWhitespace} on
+           all contained expressions."""
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.exprs = [ e.copy() for e in self.exprs ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.leaveWhitespace()
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super( ParseExpression, self).ignore( other )
+                for e in self.exprs:
+                    e.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        else:
+            super( ParseExpression, self).ignore( other )
+            for e in self.exprs:
+                e.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        return self
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(ParseExpression,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "%s:(%s)" % ( self.__class__.__name__, _ustr(self.exprs) )
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        super(ParseExpression,self).streamline()
+
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        # collapse nested And's of the form And( And( And( a,b), c), d) to And( a,b,c,d )
+        # but only if there are no parse actions or resultsNames on the nested And's
+        # (likewise for Or's and MatchFirst's)
+        if ( len(self.exprs) == 2 ):
+            other = self.exprs[0]
+            if ( isinstance( other, self.__class__ ) and
+                  not(other.parseAction) and
+                  other.resultsName is None and
+                  not other.debug ):
+                self.exprs = other.exprs[:] + [ self.exprs[1] ]
+                self.strRepr = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError  |= other.mayIndexError
+
+            other = self.exprs[-1]
+            if ( isinstance( other, self.__class__ ) and
+                  not(other.parseAction) and
+                  other.resultsName is None and
+                  not other.debug ):
+                self.exprs = self.exprs[:-1] + other.exprs[:]
+                self.strRepr = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError  |= other.mayIndexError
+
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + _ustr(self)
+        
+        return self
+
+    def setResultsName( self, name, listAllMatches=False ):
+        ret = super(ParseExpression,self).setResultsName(name,listAllMatches)
+        return ret
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+        
+    def copy(self):
+        ret = super(ParseExpression,self).copy()
+        ret.exprs = [e.copy() for e in self.exprs]
+        return ret
+
+class And(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires all given C{ParseExpression}s to be found in the given order.
+    Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+    May be constructed using the C{'+'} operator.
+    May also be constructed using the C{'-'} operator, which will suppress backtracking.
+
+    Example::
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        name_expr = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+
+        expr = And([integer("id"),name_expr("name"),integer("age")])
+        # more easily written as:
+        expr = integer("id") + name_expr("name") + integer("age")
+    """
+
+    class _ErrorStop(Empty):
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            super(And._ErrorStop,self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            self.name = '-'
+            self.leaveWhitespace()
+
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = True ):
+        super(And,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( self.exprs[0].whiteChars )
+        self.skipWhitespace = self.exprs[0].skipWhitespace
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        # pass False as last arg to _parse for first element, since we already
+        # pre-parsed the string as part of our And pre-parsing
+        loc, resultlist = self.exprs[0]._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        errorStop = False
+        for e in self.exprs[1:]:
+            if isinstance(e, And._ErrorStop):
+                errorStop = True
+                continue
+            if errorStop:
+                try:
+                    loc, exprtokens = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                except ParseSyntaxException:
+                    raise
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    pe.__traceback__ = None
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException._from_exception(pe)
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException(instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self)
+            else:
+                loc, exprtokens = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+            if exprtokens or exprtokens.haskeys():
+                resultlist += exprtokens
+        return loc, resultlist
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #And( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+            if not e.mayReturnEmpty:
+                break
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class Or(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires that at least one C{ParseExpression} is found.
+    If two expressions match, the expression that matches the longest string will be used.
+    May be constructed using the C{'^'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        # construct Or using '^' operator
+        
+        number = Word(nums) ^ Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789"))
+    prints::
+        [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(Or,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+        matches = []
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                loc2 = e.tryParse( instring, loc )
+            except ParseException as err:
+                err.__traceback__ = None
+                if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = err
+                    maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(instring,len(instring),e.errmsg,self)
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+            else:
+                # save match among all matches, to retry longest to shortest
+                matches.append((loc2, e))
+
+        if matches:
+            matches.sort(key=lambda x: -x[0])
+            for _,e in matches:
+                try:
+                    return e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                except ParseException as err:
+                    err.__traceback__ = None
+                    if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                        maxException = err
+                        maxExcLoc = err.loc
+
+        if maxException is not None:
+            maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+            raise maxException
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self)
+
+
+    def __ixor__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #Or( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " ^ ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class MatchFirst(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires that at least one C{ParseExpression} is found.
+    If two expressions match, the first one listed is the one that will match.
+    May be constructed using the C{'|'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        # construct MatchFirst using '|' operator
+        
+        # watch the order of expressions to match
+        number = Word(nums) | Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789")) #  Fail! -> [['123'], ['3'], ['1416'], ['789']]
+
+        # put more selective expression first
+        number = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)) | Word(nums)
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789")) #  Better -> [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(MatchFirst,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                ret = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                return ret
+            except ParseException as err:
+                if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = err
+                    maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(instring,len(instring),e.errmsg,self)
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+
+        # only got here if no expression matched, raise exception for match that made it the furthest
+        else:
+            if maxException is not None:
+                maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+                raise maxException
+            else:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self)
+
+    def __ior__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #MatchFirst( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " | ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class Each(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires all given C{ParseExpression}s to be found, but in any order.
+    Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+    May be constructed using the C{'&'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        color = oneOf("RED ORANGE YELLOW GREEN BLUE PURPLE BLACK WHITE BROWN")
+        shape_type = oneOf("SQUARE CIRCLE TRIANGLE STAR HEXAGON OCTAGON")
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        shape_attr = "shape:" + shape_type("shape")
+        posn_attr = "posn:" + Group(integer("x") + ',' + integer("y"))("posn")
+        color_attr = "color:" + color("color")
+        size_attr = "size:" + integer("size")
+
+        # use Each (using operator '&') to accept attributes in any order 
+        # (shape and posn are required, color and size are optional)
+        shape_spec = shape_attr & posn_attr & Optional(color_attr) & Optional(size_attr)
+
+        shape_spec.runTests('''
+            shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+            shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+            color:GREEN size:20 shape:TRIANGLE posn:20,40
+            '''
+            )
+    prints::
+        shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+        ['shape:', 'SQUARE', 'color:', 'BLACK', 'posn:', ['100', ',', '120']]
+        - color: BLACK
+        - posn: ['100', ',', '120']
+          - x: 100
+          - y: 120
+        - shape: SQUARE
+
+
+        shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+        ['shape:', 'CIRCLE', 'size:', '50', 'color:', 'BLUE', 'posn:', ['50', ',', '80']]
+        - color: BLUE
+        - posn: ['50', ',', '80']
+          - x: 50
+          - y: 80
+        - shape: CIRCLE
+        - size: 50
+
+
+        color: GREEN size: 20 shape: TRIANGLE posn: 20,40
+        ['color:', 'GREEN', 'size:', '20', 'shape:', 'TRIANGLE', 'posn:', ['20', ',', '40']]
+        - color: GREEN
+        - posn: ['20', ',', '40']
+          - x: 20
+          - y: 40
+        - shape: TRIANGLE
+        - size: 20
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = True ):
+        super(Each,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.initExprGroups = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.initExprGroups:
+            self.opt1map = dict((id(e.expr),e) for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional))
+            opt1 = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional) ]
+            opt2 = [ e for e in self.exprs if e.mayReturnEmpty and not isinstance(e,Optional)]
+            self.optionals = opt1 + opt2
+            self.multioptionals = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,ZeroOrMore) ]
+            self.multirequired = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,OneOrMore) ]
+            self.required = [ e for e in self.exprs if not isinstance(e,(Optional,ZeroOrMore,OneOrMore)) ]
+            self.required += self.multirequired
+            self.initExprGroups = False
+        tmpLoc = loc
+        tmpReqd = self.required[:]
+        tmpOpt  = self.optionals[:]
+        matchOrder = []
+
+        keepMatching = True
+        while keepMatching:
+            tmpExprs = tmpReqd + tmpOpt + self.multioptionals + self.multirequired
+            failed = []
+            for e in tmpExprs:
+                try:
+                    tmpLoc = e.tryParse( instring, tmpLoc )
+                except ParseException:
+                    failed.append(e)
+                else:
+                    matchOrder.append(self.opt1map.get(id(e),e))
+                    if e in tmpReqd:
+                        tmpReqd.remove(e)
+                    elif e in tmpOpt:
+                        tmpOpt.remove(e)
+            if len(failed) == len(tmpExprs):
+                keepMatching = False
+
+        if tmpReqd:
+            missing = ", ".join(_ustr(e) for e in tmpReqd)
+            raise ParseException(instring,loc,"Missing one or more required elements (%s)" % missing )
+
+        # add any unmatched Optionals, in case they have default values defined
+        matchOrder += [e for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional) and e.expr in tmpOpt]
+
+        resultlist = []
+        for e in matchOrder:
+            loc,results = e._parse(instring,loc,doActions)
+            resultlist.append(results)
+
+        finalResults = sum(resultlist, ParseResults([]))
+        return loc, finalResults
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " & ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class ParseElementEnhance(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of C{ParserElement}, for combining and post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, savelist=False ):
+        super(ParseElementEnhance,self).__init__(savelist)
+        if isinstance( expr, basestring ):
+            if issubclass(ParserElement._literalStringClass, Token):
+                expr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(expr)
+            else:
+                expr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(Literal(expr))
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.strRepr = None
+        if expr is not None:
+            self.mayIndexError = expr.mayIndexError
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = expr.mayReturnEmpty
+            self.setWhitespaceChars( expr.whiteChars )
+            self.skipWhitespace = expr.skipWhitespace
+            self.saveAsList = expr.saveAsList
+            self.callPreparse = expr.callPreparse
+            self.ignoreExprs.extend(expr.ignoreExprs)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return self.expr._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        else:
+            raise ParseException("",loc,self.errmsg,self)
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.expr = self.expr.copy()
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.leaveWhitespace()
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super( ParseElementEnhance, self).ignore( other )
+                if self.expr is not None:
+                    self.expr.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        else:
+            super( ParseElementEnhance, self).ignore( other )
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        return self
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        super(ParseElementEnhance,self).streamline()
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        if self in parseElementList:
+            raise RecursiveGrammarException( parseElementList+[self] )
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(ParseElementEnhance,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None and self.expr is not None:
+            self.strRepr = "%s:(%s)" % ( self.__class__.__name__, _ustr(self.expr) )
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class FollowedBy(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Lookahead matching of the given parse expression.  C{FollowedBy}
+    does I{not} advance the parsing position within the input string, it only
+    verifies that the specified parse expression matches at the current
+    position.  C{FollowedBy} always returns a null token list.
+
+    Example::
+        # use FollowedBy to match a label only if it is followed by a ':'
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString("shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: upper left").pprint()
+    prints::
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['color', 'BLACK'], ['posn', 'upper left']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(FollowedBy,self).__init__(expr)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        self.expr.tryParse( instring, loc )
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class NotAny(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Lookahead to disallow matching with the given parse expression.  C{NotAny}
+    does I{not} advance the parsing position within the input string, it only
+    verifies that the specified parse expression does I{not} match at the current
+    position.  Also, C{NotAny} does I{not} skip over leading whitespace. C{NotAny}
+    always returns a null token list.  May be constructed using the '~' operator.
+
+    Example::
+        
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(NotAny,self).__init__(expr)
+        #~ self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False  # do NOT use self.leaveWhitespace(), don't want to propagate to exprs
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Found unwanted token, "+_ustr(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.expr.canParseNext(instring, loc):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "~{" + _ustr(self.expr) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class _MultipleMatch(ParseElementEnhance):
+    def __init__( self, expr, stopOn=None):
+        super(_MultipleMatch, self).__init__(expr)
+        self.saveAsList = True
+        ender = stopOn
+        if isinstance(ender, basestring):
+            ender = ParserElement._literalStringClass(ender)
+        self.not_ender = ~ender if ender is not None else None
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        self_expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_skip_ignorables = self._skipIgnorables
+        check_ender = self.not_ender is not None
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender = self.not_ender.tryParse
+        
+        # must be at least one (but first see if we are the stopOn sentinel;
+        # if so, fail)
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+        loc, tokens = self_expr_parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        try:
+            hasIgnoreExprs = (not not self.ignoreExprs)
+            while 1:
+                if check_ender:
+                    try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+                if hasIgnoreExprs:
+                    preloc = self_skip_ignorables( instring, loc )
+                else:
+                    preloc = loc
+                loc, tmptokens = self_expr_parse( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                if tmptokens or tmptokens.haskeys():
+                    tokens += tmptokens
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            pass
+
+        return loc, tokens
+        
+class OneOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Repetition of one or more of the given expression.
+    
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match one or more times
+     - stopOn - (default=C{None}) - expression for a terminating sentinel
+          (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition 
+          expression)          
+
+    Example::
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word).setParseAction(' '.join))
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: BLACK"
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).pprint()  # Fail! read 'color' as data instead of next label -> [['shape', 'SQUARE color']]
+
+        # use stopOn attribute for OneOrMore to avoid reading label string as part of the data
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).pprint() # Better -> [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'BLACK']]
+        
+        # could also be written as
+        (attr_expr * (1,)).parseString(text).pprint()
+    """
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + _ustr(self.expr) + "}..."
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class ZeroOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Optional repetition of zero or more of the given expression.
+    
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match zero or more times
+     - stopOn - (default=C{None}) - expression for a terminating sentinel
+          (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition 
+          expression)          
+
+    Example: similar to L{OneOrMore}
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, stopOn=None):
+        super(ZeroOrMore,self).__init__(expr, stopOn=stopOn)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        try:
+            return super(ZeroOrMore, self).parseImpl(instring, loc, doActions)
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            return loc, []
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "[" + _ustr(self.expr) + "]..."
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class _NullToken(object):
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ""
+
+_optionalNotMatched = _NullToken()
+class Optional(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Optional matching of the given expression.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match zero or more times
+     - default (optional) - value to be returned if the optional expression is not found.
+
+    Example::
+        # US postal code can be a 5-digit zip, plus optional 4-digit qualifier
+        zip = Combine(Word(nums, exact=5) + Optional('-' + Word(nums, exact=4)))
+        zip.runTests('''
+            # traditional ZIP code
+            12345
+            
+            # ZIP+4 form
+            12101-0001
+            
+            # invalid ZIP
+            98765-
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        # traditional ZIP code
+        12345
+        ['12345']
+
+        # ZIP+4 form
+        12101-0001
+        ['12101-0001']
+
+        # invalid ZIP
+        98765-
+             ^
+        FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 5), (line:1, col:6)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, default=_optionalNotMatched ):
+        super(Optional,self).__init__( expr, savelist=False )
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.defaultValue = default
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self.expr._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            if self.defaultValue is not _optionalNotMatched:
+                if self.expr.resultsName:
+                    tokens = ParseResults([ self.defaultValue ])
+                    tokens[self.expr.resultsName] = self.defaultValue
+                else:
+                    tokens = [ self.defaultValue ]
+            else:
+                tokens = []
+        return loc, tokens
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "[" + _ustr(self.expr) + "]"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class SkipTo(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Token for skipping over all undefined text until the matched expression is found.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - target expression marking the end of the data to be skipped
+     - include - (default=C{False}) if True, the target expression is also parsed 
+          (the skipped text and target expression are returned as a 2-element list).
+     - ignore - (default=C{None}) used to define grammars (typically quoted strings and 
+          comments) that might contain false matches to the target expression
+     - failOn - (default=C{None}) define expressions that are not allowed to be 
+          included in the skipped test; if found before the target expression is found, 
+          the SkipTo is not a match
+
+    Example::
+        report = '''
+            Outstanding Issues Report - 1 Jan 2000
+
+               # | Severity | Description                               |  Days Open
+            -----+----------+-------------------------------------------+-----------
+             101 | Critical | Intermittent system crash                 |          6
+              94 | Cosmetic | Spelling error on Login ('log|n')         |         14
+              79 | Minor    | System slow when running too many reports |         47
+            '''
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        SEP = Suppress('|')
+        # use SkipTo to simply match everything up until the next SEP
+        # - ignore quoted strings, so that a '|' character inside a quoted string does not match
+        # - parse action will call token.strip() for each matched token, i.e., the description body
+        string_data = SkipTo(SEP, ignore=quotedString)
+        string_data.setParseAction(tokenMap(str.strip))
+        ticket_expr = (integer("issue_num") + SEP 
+                      + string_data("sev") + SEP 
+                      + string_data("desc") + SEP 
+                      + integer("days_open"))
+        
+        for tkt in ticket_expr.searchString(report):
+            print tkt.dump()
+    prints::
+        ['101', 'Critical', 'Intermittent system crash', '6']
+        - days_open: 6
+        - desc: Intermittent system crash
+        - issue_num: 101
+        - sev: Critical
+        ['94', 'Cosmetic', "Spelling error on Login ('log|n')", '14']
+        - days_open: 14
+        - desc: Spelling error on Login ('log|n')
+        - issue_num: 94
+        - sev: Cosmetic
+        ['79', 'Minor', 'System slow when running too many reports', '47']
+        - days_open: 47
+        - desc: System slow when running too many reports
+        - issue_num: 79
+        - sev: Minor
+    """
+    def __init__( self, other, include=False, ignore=None, failOn=None ):
+        super( SkipTo, self ).__init__( other )
+        self.ignoreExpr = ignore
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.includeMatch = include
+        self.asList = False
+        if isinstance(failOn, basestring):
+            self.failOn = ParserElement._literalStringClass(failOn)
+        else:
+            self.failOn = failOn
+        self.errmsg = "No match found for "+_ustr(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        startloc = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        expr = self.expr
+        expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_failOn_canParseNext = self.failOn.canParseNext if self.failOn is not None else None
+        self_ignoreExpr_tryParse = self.ignoreExpr.tryParse if self.ignoreExpr is not None else None
+        
+        tmploc = loc
+        while tmploc <= instrlen:
+            if self_failOn_canParseNext is not None:
+                # break if failOn expression matches
+                if self_failOn_canParseNext(instring, tmploc):
+                    break
+                    
+            if self_ignoreExpr_tryParse is not None:
+                # advance past ignore expressions
+                while 1:
+                    try:
+                        tmploc = self_ignoreExpr_tryParse(instring, tmploc)
+                    except ParseBaseException:
+                        break
+            
+            try:
+                expr_parse(instring, tmploc, doActions=False, callPreParse=False)
+            except (ParseException, IndexError):
+                # no match, advance loc in string
+                tmploc += 1
+            else:
+                # matched skipto expr, done
+                break
+
+        else:
+            # ran off the end of the input string without matching skipto expr, fail
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        # build up return values
+        loc = tmploc
+        skiptext = instring[startloc:loc]
+        skipresult = ParseResults(skiptext)
+        
+        if self.includeMatch:
+            loc, mat = expr_parse(instring,loc,doActions,callPreParse=False)
+            skipresult += mat
+
+        return loc, skipresult
+
+class Forward(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Forward declaration of an expression to be defined later -
+    used for recursive grammars, such as algebraic infix notation.
+    When the expression is known, it is assigned to the C{Forward} variable using the '<<' operator.
+
+    Note: take care when assigning to C{Forward} not to overlook precedence of operators.
+    Specifically, '|' has a lower precedence than '<<', so that::
+        fwdExpr << a | b | c
+    will actually be evaluated as::
+        (fwdExpr << a) | b | c
+    thereby leaving b and c out as parseable alternatives.  It is recommended that you
+    explicitly group the values inserted into the C{Forward}::
+        fwdExpr << (a | b | c)
+    Converting to use the '<<=' operator instead will avoid this problem.
+
+    See L{ParseResults.pprint} for an example of a recursive parser created using
+    C{Forward}.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, other=None ):
+        super(Forward,self).__init__( other, savelist=False )
+
+    def __lshift__( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass(other)
+        self.expr = other
+        self.strRepr = None
+        self.mayIndexError = self.expr.mayIndexError
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = self.expr.mayReturnEmpty
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( self.expr.whiteChars )
+        self.skipWhitespace = self.expr.skipWhitespace
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.ignoreExprs.extend(self.expr.ignoreExprs)
+        return self
+        
+    def __ilshift__(self, other):
+        return self << other
+    
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamlined = True
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        if self not in validateTrace:
+            tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion([])
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + ": ..."
+
+        # stubbed out for now - creates awful memory and perf issues
+        self._revertClass = self.__class__
+        self.__class__ = _ForwardNoRecurse
+        try:
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                retString = _ustr(self.expr)
+            else:
+                retString = "None"
+        finally:
+            self.__class__ = self._revertClass
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + ": " + retString
+
+    def copy(self):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return super(Forward,self).copy()
+        else:
+            ret = Forward()
+            ret <<= self
+            return ret
+
+class _ForwardNoRecurse(Forward):
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "..."
+
+class TokenConverter(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of C{ParseExpression}, for converting parsed results.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, savelist=False ):
+        super(TokenConverter,self).__init__( expr )#, savelist )
+        self.saveAsList = False
+
+class Combine(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to concatenate all matching tokens to a single string.
+    By default, the matching patterns must also be contiguous in the input string;
+    this can be disabled by specifying C{'adjacent=False'} in the constructor.
+
+    Example::
+        real = Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)
+        print(real.parseString('3.1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+        # will also erroneously match the following
+        print(real.parseString('3. 1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+
+        real = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(real.parseString('3.1416')) # -> ['3.1416']
+        # no match when there are internal spaces
+        print(real.parseString('3. 1416')) # -> Exception: Expected W:(0123...)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, joinString="", adjacent=True ):
+        super(Combine,self).__init__( expr )
+        # suppress whitespace-stripping in contained parse expressions, but re-enable it on the Combine itself
+        if adjacent:
+            self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.adjacent = adjacent
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.joinString = joinString
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if self.adjacent:
+            ParserElement.ignore(self, other)
+        else:
+            super( Combine, self).ignore( other )
+        return self
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        retToks = tokenlist.copy()
+        del retToks[:]
+        retToks += ParseResults([ "".join(tokenlist._asStringList(self.joinString)) ], modal=self.modalResults)
+
+        if self.resultsName and retToks.haskeys():
+            return [ retToks ]
+        else:
+            return retToks
+
+class Group(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to return the matched tokens as a list - useful for returning tokens of C{L{ZeroOrMore}} and C{L{OneOrMore}} expressions.
+
+    Example::
+        ident = Word(alphas)
+        num = Word(nums)
+        term = ident | num
+        func = ident + Optional(delimitedList(term))
+        print(func.parseString("fn a,b,100"))  # -> ['fn', 'a', 'b', '100']
+
+        func = ident + Group(Optional(delimitedList(term)))
+        print(func.parseString("fn a,b,100"))  # -> ['fn', ['a', 'b', '100']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(Group,self).__init__( expr )
+        self.saveAsList = True
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return [ tokenlist ]
+
+class Dict(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to return a repetitive expression as a list, but also as a dictionary.
+    Each element can also be referenced using the first token in the expression as its key.
+    Useful for tabular report scraping when the first column can be used as a item key.
+
+    Example::
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word).setParseAction(' '.join))
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        
+        # print attributes as plain groups
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).dump())
+        
+        # instead of OneOrMore(expr), parse using Dict(OneOrMore(Group(expr))) - Dict will auto-assign names
+        result = Dict(OneOrMore(Group(attr_expr))).parseString(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+        
+        # access named fields as dict entries, or output as dict
+        print(result['shape'])        
+        print(result.asDict())
+    prints::
+        ['shape', 'SQUARE', 'posn', 'upper left', 'color', 'light blue', 'texture', 'burlap']
+
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap', 'shape': 'SQUARE'}
+    See more examples at L{ParseResults} of accessing fields by results name.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(Dict,self).__init__( expr )
+        self.saveAsList = True
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        for i,tok in enumerate(tokenlist):
+            if len(tok) == 0:
+                continue
+            ikey = tok[0]
+            if isinstance(ikey,int):
+                ikey = _ustr(tok[0]).strip()
+            if len(tok)==1:
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset("",i)
+            elif len(tok)==2 and not isinstance(tok[1],ParseResults):
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(tok[1],i)
+            else:
+                dictvalue = tok.copy() #ParseResults(i)
+                del dictvalue[0]
+                if len(dictvalue)!= 1 or (isinstance(dictvalue,ParseResults) and dictvalue.haskeys()):
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue,i)
+                else:
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue[0],i)
+
+        if self.resultsName:
+            return [ tokenlist ]
+        else:
+            return tokenlist
+
+
+class Suppress(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter for ignoring the results of a parsed expression.
+
+    Example::
+        source = "a, b, c,d"
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        wd_list1 = wd + ZeroOrMore(',' + wd)
+        print(wd_list1.parseString(source))
+
+        # often, delimiters that are useful during parsing are just in the
+        # way afterward - use Suppress to keep them out of the parsed output
+        wd_list2 = wd + ZeroOrMore(Suppress(',') + wd)
+        print(wd_list2.parseString(source))
+    prints::
+        ['a', ',', 'b', ',', 'c', ',', 'd']
+        ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+    (See also L{delimitedList}.)
+    """
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return []
+
+    def suppress( self ):
+        return self
+
+
+class OnlyOnce(object):
+    """
+    Wrapper for parse actions, to ensure they are only called once.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, methodCall):
+        self.callable = _trim_arity(methodCall)
+        self.called = False
+    def __call__(self,s,l,t):
+        if not self.called:
+            results = self.callable(s,l,t)
+            self.called = True
+            return results
+        raise ParseException(s,l,"")
+    def reset(self):
+        self.called = False
+
+def traceParseAction(f):
+    """
+    Decorator for debugging parse actions. 
+    
+    When the parse action is called, this decorator will print C{">> entering I{method-name}(line:I{current_source_line}, I{parse_location}, I{matched_tokens})".}
+    When the parse action completes, the decorator will print C{"<<"} followed by the returned value, or any exception that the parse action raised.
+
+    Example::
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+
+        @traceParseAction
+        def remove_duplicate_chars(tokens):
+            return ''.join(sorted(set(''.join(tokens))))
+
+        wds = OneOrMore(wd).setParseAction(remove_duplicate_chars)
+        print(wds.parseString("slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf"))
+    prints::
+        >>entering remove_duplicate_chars(line: 'slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf', 0, (['slkdjs', 'sld', 'sldd', 'sdlf', 'sdljf'], {}))
+        <<leaving remove_duplicate_chars (ret: 'dfjkls')
+        ['dfjkls']
+    """
+    f = _trim_arity(f)
+    def z(*paArgs):
+        thisFunc = f.__name__
+        s,l,t = paArgs[-3:]
+        if len(paArgs)>3:
+            thisFunc = paArgs[0].__class__.__name__ + '.' + thisFunc
+        sys.stderr.write( ">>entering %s(line: '%s', %d, %r)\n" % (thisFunc,line(l,s),l,t) )
+        try:
+            ret = f(*paArgs)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            sys.stderr.write( "<<leaving %s (exception: %s)\n" % (thisFunc,exc) )
+            raise
+        sys.stderr.write( "<<leaving %s (ret: %r)\n" % (thisFunc,ret) )
+        return ret
+    try:
+        z.__name__ = f.__name__
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+    return z
+
+#
+# global helpers
+#
+def delimitedList( expr, delim=",", combine=False ):
+    """
+    Helper to define a delimited list of expressions - the delimiter defaults to ','.
+    By default, the list elements and delimiters can have intervening whitespace, and
+    comments, but this can be overridden by passing C{combine=True} in the constructor.
+    If C{combine} is set to C{True}, the matching tokens are returned as a single token
+    string, with the delimiters included; otherwise, the matching tokens are returned
+    as a list of tokens, with the delimiters suppressed.
+
+    Example::
+        delimitedList(Word(alphas)).parseString("aa,bb,cc") # -> ['aa', 'bb', 'cc']
+        delimitedList(Word(hexnums), delim=':', combine=True).parseString("AA:BB:CC:DD:EE") # -> ['AA:BB:CC:DD:EE']
+    """
+    dlName = _ustr(expr)+" ["+_ustr(delim)+" "+_ustr(expr)+"]..."
+    if combine:
+        return Combine( expr + ZeroOrMore( delim + expr ) ).setName(dlName)
+    else:
+        return ( expr + ZeroOrMore( Suppress( delim ) + expr ) ).setName(dlName)
+
+def countedArray( expr, intExpr=None ):
+    """
+    Helper to define a counted list of expressions.
+    This helper defines a pattern of the form::
+        integer expr expr expr...
+    where the leading integer tells how many expr expressions follow.
+    The matched tokens returns the array of expr tokens as a list - the leading count token is suppressed.
+    
+    If C{intExpr} is specified, it should be a pyparsing expression that produces an integer value.
+
+    Example::
+        countedArray(Word(alphas)).parseString('2 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+
+        # in this parser, the leading integer value is given in binary,
+        # '10' indicating that 2 values are in the array
+        binaryConstant = Word('01').setParseAction(lambda t: int(t[0], 2))
+        countedArray(Word(alphas), intExpr=binaryConstant).parseString('10 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+    """
+    arrayExpr = Forward()
+    def countFieldParseAction(s,l,t):
+        n = t[0]
+        arrayExpr << (n and Group(And([expr]*n)) or Group(empty))
+        return []
+    if intExpr is None:
+        intExpr = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda t:int(t[0]))
+    else:
+        intExpr = intExpr.copy()
+    intExpr.setName("arrayLen")
+    intExpr.addParseAction(countFieldParseAction, callDuringTry=True)
+    return ( intExpr + arrayExpr ).setName('(len) ' + _ustr(expr) + '...')
+
+def _flatten(L):
+    ret = []
+    for i in L:
+        if isinstance(i,list):
+            ret.extend(_flatten(i))
+        else:
+            ret.append(i)
+    return ret
+
+def matchPreviousLiteral(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks
+    for a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = matchPreviousLiteral(first)
+        matchExpr = first + ":" + second
+    will match C{"1:1"}, but not C{"1:2"}.  Because this matches a
+    previous literal, will also match the leading C{"1:1"} in C{"1:10"}.
+    If this is not desired, use C{matchPreviousExpr}.
+    Do I{not} use with packrat parsing enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+    def copyTokenToRepeater(s,l,t):
+        if t:
+            if len(t) == 1:
+                rep << t[0]
+            else:
+                # flatten t tokens
+                tflat = _flatten(t.asList())
+                rep << And(Literal(tt) for tt in tflat)
+        else:
+            rep << Empty()
+    expr.addParseAction(copyTokenToRepeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.setName('(prev) ' + _ustr(expr))
+    return rep
+
+def matchPreviousExpr(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks
+    for a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = matchPreviousExpr(first)
+        matchExpr = first + ":" + second
+    will match C{"1:1"}, but not C{"1:2"}.  Because this matches by
+    expressions, will I{not} match the leading C{"1:1"} in C{"1:10"};
+    the expressions are evaluated first, and then compared, so
+    C{"1"} is compared with C{"10"}.
+    Do I{not} use with packrat parsing enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+    e2 = expr.copy()
+    rep <<= e2
+    def copyTokenToRepeater(s,l,t):
+        matchTokens = _flatten(t.asList())
+        def mustMatchTheseTokens(s,l,t):
+            theseTokens = _flatten(t.asList())
+            if  theseTokens != matchTokens:
+                raise ParseException("",0,"")
+        rep.setParseAction( mustMatchTheseTokens, callDuringTry=True )
+    expr.addParseAction(copyTokenToRepeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.setName('(prev) ' + _ustr(expr))
+    return rep
+
+def _escapeRegexRangeChars(s):
+    #~  escape these chars: ^-]
+    for c in r"\^-]":
+        s = s.replace(c,_bslash+c)
+    s = s.replace("\n",r"\n")
+    s = s.replace("\t",r"\t")
+    return _ustr(s)
+
+def oneOf( strs, caseless=False, useRegex=True ):
+    """
+    Helper to quickly define a set of alternative Literals, and makes sure to do
+    longest-first testing when there is a conflict, regardless of the input order,
+    but returns a C{L{MatchFirst}} for best performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - strs - a string of space-delimited literals, or a collection of string literals
+     - caseless - (default=C{False}) - treat all literals as caseless
+     - useRegex - (default=C{True}) - as an optimization, will generate a Regex
+          object; otherwise, will generate a C{MatchFirst} object (if C{caseless=True}, or
+          if creating a C{Regex} raises an exception)
+
+    Example::
+        comp_oper = oneOf("< = > <= >= !=")
+        var = Word(alphas)
+        number = Word(nums)
+        term = var | number
+        comparison_expr = term + comp_oper + term
+        print(comparison_expr.searchString("B = 12  AA=23 B<=AA AA>12"))
+    prints::
+        [['B', '=', '12'], ['AA', '=', '23'], ['B', '<=', 'AA'], ['AA', '>', '12']]
+    """
+    if caseless:
+        isequal = ( lambda a,b: a.upper() == b.upper() )
+        masks = ( lambda a,b: b.upper().startswith(a.upper()) )
+        parseElementClass = CaselessLiteral
+    else:
+        isequal = ( lambda a,b: a == b )
+        masks = ( lambda a,b: b.startswith(a) )
+        parseElementClass = Literal
+
+    symbols = []
+    if isinstance(strs,basestring):
+        symbols = strs.split()
+    elif isinstance(strs, Iterable):
+        symbols = list(strs)
+    else:
+        warnings.warn("Invalid argument to oneOf, expected string or iterable",
+                SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+    if not symbols:
+        return NoMatch()
+
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(symbols)-1:
+        cur = symbols[i]
+        for j,other in enumerate(symbols[i+1:]):
+            if ( isequal(other, cur) ):
+                del symbols[i+j+1]
+                break
+            elif ( masks(cur, other) ):
+                del symbols[i+j+1]
+                symbols.insert(i,other)
+                cur = other
+                break
+        else:
+            i += 1
+
+    if not caseless and useRegex:
+        #~ print (strs,"->", "|".join( [ _escapeRegexChars(sym) for sym in symbols] ))
+        try:
+            if len(symbols)==len("".join(symbols)):
+                return Regex( "[%s]" % "".join(_escapeRegexRangeChars(sym) for sym in symbols) ).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+            else:
+                return Regex( "|".join(re.escape(sym) for sym in symbols) ).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+        except Exception:
+            warnings.warn("Exception creating Regex for oneOf, building MatchFirst",
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+
+    # last resort, just use MatchFirst
+    return MatchFirst(parseElementClass(sym) for sym in symbols).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+
+def dictOf( key, value ):
+    """
+    Helper to easily and clearly define a dictionary by specifying the respective patterns
+    for the key and value.  Takes care of defining the C{L{Dict}}, C{L{ZeroOrMore}}, and C{L{Group}} tokens
+    in the proper order.  The key pattern can include delimiting markers or punctuation,
+    as long as they are suppressed, thereby leaving the significant key text.  The value
+    pattern can include named results, so that the C{Dict} results can include named token
+    fields.
+
+    Example::
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).dump())
+        
+        attr_label = label
+        attr_value = Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join)
+
+        # similar to Dict, but simpler call format
+        result = dictOf(attr_label, attr_value).parseString(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+        print(result['shape'])
+        print(result.shape)  # object attribute access works too
+        print(result.asDict())
+    prints::
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'shape': 'SQUARE', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap'}
+    """
+    return Dict( ZeroOrMore( Group ( key + value ) ) )
+
+def originalTextFor(expr, asString=True):
+    """
+    Helper to return the original, untokenized text for a given expression.  Useful to
+    restore the parsed fields of an HTML start tag into the raw tag text itself, or to
+    revert separate tokens with intervening whitespace back to the original matching
+    input text. By default, returns astring containing the original parsed text.  
+       
+    If the optional C{asString} argument is passed as C{False}, then the return value is a 
+    C{L{ParseResults}} containing any results names that were originally matched, and a 
+    single token containing the original matched text from the input string.  So if 
+    the expression passed to C{L{originalTextFor}} contains expressions with defined
+    results names, you must set C{asString} to C{False} if you want to preserve those
+    results name values.
+
+    Example::
+        src = "this is test <b> bold <i>text</i> </b> normal text "
+        for tag in ("b","i"):
+            opener,closer = makeHTMLTags(tag)
+            patt = originalTextFor(opener + SkipTo(closer) + closer)
+            print(patt.searchString(src)[0])
+    prints::
+        ['<b> bold <i>text</i> </b>']
+        ['<i>text</i>']
+    """
+    locMarker = Empty().setParseAction(lambda s,loc,t: loc)
+    endlocMarker = locMarker.copy()
+    endlocMarker.callPreparse = False
+    matchExpr = locMarker("_original_start") + expr + endlocMarker("_original_end")
+    if asString:
+        extractText = lambda s,l,t: s[t._original_start:t._original_end]
+    else:
+        def extractText(s,l,t):
+            t[:] = [s[t.pop('_original_start'):t.pop('_original_end')]]
+    matchExpr.setParseAction(extractText)
+    matchExpr.ignoreExprs = expr.ignoreExprs
+    return matchExpr
+
+def ungroup(expr): 
+    """
+    Helper to undo pyparsing's default grouping of And expressions, even
+    if all but one are non-empty.
+    """
+    return TokenConverter(expr).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0])
+
+def locatedExpr(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to decorate a returned token with its starting and ending locations in the input string.
+    This helper adds the following results names:
+     - locn_start = location where matched expression begins
+     - locn_end = location where matched expression ends
+     - value = the actual parsed results
+
+    Be careful if the input text contains C{<TAB>} characters, you may want to call
+    C{L{ParserElement.parseWithTabs}}
+
+    Example::
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        for match in locatedExpr(wd).searchString("ljsdf123lksdjjf123lkkjj1222"):
+            print(match)
+    prints::
+        [[0, 'ljsdf', 5]]
+        [[8, 'lksdjjf', 15]]
+        [[18, 'lkkjj', 23]]
+    """
+    locator = Empty().setParseAction(lambda s,l,t: l)
+    return Group(locator("locn_start") + expr("value") + locator.copy().leaveWhitespace()("locn_end"))
+
+
+# convenience constants for positional expressions
+empty       = Empty().setName("empty")
+lineStart   = LineStart().setName("lineStart")
+lineEnd     = LineEnd().setName("lineEnd")
+stringStart = StringStart().setName("stringStart")
+stringEnd   = StringEnd().setName("stringEnd")
+
+_escapedPunc = Word( _bslash, r"\[]-*.$+^?()~ ", exact=2 ).setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0][1])
+_escapedHexChar = Regex(r"\\0?[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:unichr(int(t[0].lstrip(r'\0x'),16)))
+_escapedOctChar = Regex(r"\\0[0-7]+").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:unichr(int(t[0][1:],8)))
+_singleChar = _escapedPunc | _escapedHexChar | _escapedOctChar | CharsNotIn(r'\]', exact=1)
+_charRange = Group(_singleChar + Suppress("-") + _singleChar)
+_reBracketExpr = Literal("[") + Optional("^").setResultsName("negate") + Group( OneOrMore( _charRange | _singleChar ) ).setResultsName("body") + "]"
+
+def srange(s):
+    r"""
+    Helper to easily define string ranges for use in Word construction.  Borrows
+    syntax from regexp '[]' string range definitions::
+        srange("[0-9]")   -> "0123456789"
+        srange("[a-z]")   -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+        srange("[a-z$_]") -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz$_"
+    The input string must be enclosed in []'s, and the returned string is the expanded
+    character set joined into a single string.
+    The values enclosed in the []'s may be:
+     - a single character
+     - an escaped character with a leading backslash (such as C{\-} or C{\]})
+     - an escaped hex character with a leading C{'\x'} (C{\x21}, which is a C{'!'} character) 
+         (C{\0x##} is also supported for backwards compatibility) 
+     - an escaped octal character with a leading C{'\0'} (C{\041}, which is a C{'!'} character)
+     - a range of any of the above, separated by a dash (C{'a-z'}, etc.)
+     - any combination of the above (C{'aeiouy'}, C{'a-zA-Z0-9_$'}, etc.)
+    """
+    _expanded = lambda p: p if not isinstance(p,ParseResults) else ''.join(unichr(c) for c in range(ord(p[0]),ord(p[1])+1))
+    try:
+        return "".join(_expanded(part) for part in _reBracketExpr.parseString(s).body)
+    except Exception:
+        return ""
+
+def matchOnlyAtCol(n):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining parse actions that require matching at a specific
+    column in the input text.
+    """
+    def verifyCol(strg,locn,toks):
+        if col(locn,strg) != n:
+            raise ParseException(strg,locn,"matched token not at column %d" % n)
+    return verifyCol
+
+def replaceWith(replStr):
+    """
+    Helper method for common parse actions that simply return a literal value.  Especially
+    useful when used with C{L{transformString<ParserElement.transformString>}()}.
+
+    Example::
+        num = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+        na = oneOf("N/A NA").setParseAction(replaceWith(math.nan))
+        term = na | num
+        
+        OneOrMore(term).parseString("324 234 N/A 234") # -> [324, 234, nan, 234]
+    """
+    return lambda s,l,t: [replStr]
+
+def removeQuotes(s,l,t):
+    """
+    Helper parse action for removing quotation marks from parsed quoted strings.
+
+    Example::
+        # by default, quotation marks are included in parsed results
+        quotedString.parseString("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'"]
+
+        # use removeQuotes to strip quotation marks from parsed results
+        quotedString.setParseAction(removeQuotes)
+        quotedString.parseString("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["Now is the Winter of our Discontent"]
+    """
+    return t[0][1:-1]
+
+def tokenMap(func, *args):
+    """
+    Helper to define a parse action by mapping a function to all elements of a ParseResults list.If any additional 
+    args are passed, they are forwarded to the given function as additional arguments after
+    the token, as in C{hex_integer = Word(hexnums).setParseAction(tokenMap(int, 16))}, which will convert the
+    parsed data to an integer using base 16.
+
+    Example (compare the last to example in L{ParserElement.transformString}::
+        hex_ints = OneOrMore(Word(hexnums)).setParseAction(tokenMap(int, 16))
+        hex_ints.runTests('''
+            00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+            ''')
+        
+        upperword = Word(alphas).setParseAction(tokenMap(str.upper))
+        OneOrMore(upperword).runTests('''
+            my kingdom for a horse
+            ''')
+
+        wd = Word(alphas).setParseAction(tokenMap(str.title))
+        OneOrMore(wd).setParseAction(' '.join).runTests('''
+            now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+        [0, 17, 34, 170, 255, 10, 13, 26]
+
+        my kingdom for a horse
+        ['MY', 'KINGDOM', 'FOR', 'A', 'HORSE']
+
+        now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+        ['Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York']
+    """
+    def pa(s,l,t):
+        return [func(tokn, *args) for tokn in t]
+
+    try:
+        func_name = getattr(func, '__name__', 
+                            getattr(func, '__class__').__name__)
+    except Exception:
+        func_name = str(func)
+    pa.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return pa
+
+upcaseTokens = tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).upper())
+"""(Deprecated) Helper parse action to convert tokens to upper case. Deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.upcaseTokens}"""
+
+downcaseTokens = tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).lower())
+"""(Deprecated) Helper parse action to convert tokens to lower case. Deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.downcaseTokens}"""
+    
+def _makeTags(tagStr, xml):
+    """Internal helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions, given a tag name"""
+    if isinstance(tagStr,basestring):
+        resname = tagStr
+        tagStr = Keyword(tagStr, caseless=not xml)
+    else:
+        resname = tagStr.name
+
+    tagAttrName = Word(alphas,alphanums+"_-:")
+    if (xml):
+        tagAttrValue = dblQuotedString.copy().setParseAction( removeQuotes )
+        openTag = Suppress("<") + tagStr("tag") + \
+                Dict(ZeroOrMore(Group( tagAttrName + Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue ))) + \
+                Optional("/",default=[False]).setResultsName("empty").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0]=='/') + Suppress(">")
+    else:
+        printablesLessRAbrack = "".join(c for c in printables if c not in ">")
+        tagAttrValue = quotedString.copy().setParseAction( removeQuotes ) | Word(printablesLessRAbrack)
+        openTag = Suppress("<") + tagStr("tag") + \
+                Dict(ZeroOrMore(Group( tagAttrName.setParseAction(downcaseTokens) + \
+                Optional( Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue ) ))) + \
+                Optional("/",default=[False]).setResultsName("empty").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0]=='/') + Suppress(">")
+    closeTag = Combine(_L("</") + tagStr + ">")
+
+    openTag = openTag.setResultsName("start"+"".join(resname.replace(":"," ").title().split())).setName("<%s>" % resname)
+    closeTag = closeTag.setResultsName("end"+"".join(resname.replace(":"," ").title().split())).setName("</%s>" % resname)
+    openTag.tag = resname
+    closeTag.tag = resname
+    return openTag, closeTag
+
+def makeHTMLTags(tagStr):
+    """
+    Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for HTML, given a tag name. Matches
+    tags in either upper or lower case, attributes with namespaces and with quoted or unquoted values.
+
+    Example::
+        text = '<td>More info at the <a href="http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+        # makeHTMLTags returns pyparsing expressions for the opening and closing tags as a 2-tuple
+        a,a_end = makeHTMLTags("A")
+        link_expr = a + SkipTo(a_end)("link_text") + a_end
+        
+        for link in link_expr.searchString(text):
+            # attributes in the <A> tag (like "href" shown here) are also accessible as named results
+            print(link.link_text, '->', link.href)
+    prints::
+        pyparsing -> http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com
+    """
+    return _makeTags( tagStr, False )
+
+def makeXMLTags(tagStr):
+    """
+    Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for XML, given a tag name. Matches
+    tags only in the given upper/lower case.
+
+    Example: similar to L{makeHTMLTags}
+    """
+    return _makeTags( tagStr, True )
+
+def withAttribute(*args,**attrDict):
+    """
+    Helper to create a validating parse action to be used with start tags created
+    with C{L{makeXMLTags}} or C{L{makeHTMLTags}}. Use C{withAttribute} to qualify a starting tag
+    with a required attribute value, to avoid false matches on common tags such as
+    C{<TD>} or C{<DIV>}.
+
+    Call C{withAttribute} with a series of attribute names and values. Specify the list
+    of filter attributes names and values as:
+     - keyword arguments, as in C{(align="right")}, or
+     - as an explicit dict with C{**} operator, when an attribute name is also a Python
+          reserved word, as in C{**{"class":"Customer", "align":"right"}}
+     - a list of name-value tuples, as in ( ("ns1:class", "Customer"), ("ns2:align","right") )
+    For attribute names with a namespace prefix, you must use the second form.  Attribute
+    names are matched insensitive to upper/lower case.
+       
+    If just testing for C{class} (with or without a namespace), use C{L{withClass}}.
+
+    To verify that the attribute exists, but without specifying a value, pass
+    C{withAttribute.ANY_VALUE} as the value.
+
+    Example::
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div type="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div type="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this has no type</div>
+            </div>
+                
+        '''
+        div,div_end = makeHTMLTags("div")
+
+        # only match div tag having a type attribute with value "grid"
+        div_grid = div().setParseAction(withAttribute(type="grid"))
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+        
+        # construct a match with any div tag having a type attribute, regardless of the value
+        div_any_type = div().setParseAction(withAttribute(type=withAttribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+    prints::
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    if args:
+        attrs = args[:]
+    else:
+        attrs = attrDict.items()
+    attrs = [(k,v) for k,v in attrs]
+    def pa(s,l,tokens):
+        for attrName,attrValue in attrs:
+            if attrName not in tokens:
+                raise ParseException(s,l,"no matching attribute " + attrName)
+            if attrValue != withAttribute.ANY_VALUE and tokens[attrName] != attrValue:
+                raise ParseException(s,l,"attribute '%s' has value '%s', must be '%s'" %
+                                            (attrName, tokens[attrName], attrValue))
+    return pa
+withAttribute.ANY_VALUE = object()
+
+def withClass(classname, namespace=''):
+    """
+    Simplified version of C{L{withAttribute}} when matching on a div class - made
+    difficult because C{class} is a reserved word in Python.
+
+    Example::
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div class="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div class="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this &lt;div&gt; has no class</div>
+            </div>
+                
+        '''
+        div,div_end = makeHTMLTags("div")
+        div_grid = div().setParseAction(withClass("grid"))
+        
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+        
+        div_any_type = div().setParseAction(withClass(withAttribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+    prints::
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    classattr = "%s:class" % namespace if namespace else "class"
+    return withAttribute(**{classattr : classname})        
+
+opAssoc = _Constants()
+opAssoc.LEFT = object()
+opAssoc.RIGHT = object()
+
+def infixNotation( baseExpr, opList, lpar=Suppress('('), rpar=Suppress(')') ):
+    """
+    Helper method for constructing grammars of expressions made up of
+    operators working in a precedence hierarchy.  Operators may be unary or
+    binary, left- or right-associative.  Parse actions can also be attached
+    to operator expressions. The generated parser will also recognize the use 
+    of parentheses to override operator precedences (see example below).
+    
+    Note: if you define a deep operator list, you may see performance issues
+    when using infixNotation. See L{ParserElement.enablePackrat} for a
+    mechanism to potentially improve your parser performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - baseExpr - expression representing the most basic element for the nested
+     - opList - list of tuples, one for each operator precedence level in the
+      expression grammar; each tuple is of the form
+      (opExpr, numTerms, rightLeftAssoc, parseAction), where:
+       - opExpr is the pyparsing expression for the operator;
+          may also be a string, which will be converted to a Literal;
+          if numTerms is 3, opExpr is a tuple of two expressions, for the
+          two operators separating the 3 terms
+       - numTerms is the number of terms for this operator (must
+          be 1, 2, or 3)
+       - rightLeftAssoc is the indicator whether the operator is
+          right or left associative, using the pyparsing-defined
+          constants C{opAssoc.RIGHT} and C{opAssoc.LEFT}.
+       - parseAction is the parse action to be associated with
+          expressions matching this operator expression (the
+          parse action tuple member may be omitted); if the parse action
+          is passed a tuple or list of functions, this is equivalent to
+          calling C{setParseAction(*fn)} (L{ParserElement.setParseAction})
+     - lpar - expression for matching left-parentheses (default=C{Suppress('(')})
+     - rpar - expression for matching right-parentheses (default=C{Suppress(')')})
+
+    Example::
+        # simple example of four-function arithmetic with ints and variable names
+        integer = pyparsing_common.signed_integer
+        varname = pyparsing_common.identifier 
+        
+        arith_expr = infixNotation(integer | varname,
+            [
+            ('-', 1, opAssoc.RIGHT),
+            (oneOf('* /'), 2, opAssoc.LEFT),
+            (oneOf('+ -'), 2, opAssoc.LEFT),
+            ])
+        
+        arith_expr.runTests('''
+            5+3*6
+            (5+3)*6
+            -2--11
+            ''', fullDump=False)
+    prints::
+        5+3*6
+        [[5, '+', [3, '*', 6]]]
+
+        (5+3)*6
+        [[[5, '+', 3], '*', 6]]
+
+        -2--11
+        [[['-', 2], '-', ['-', 11]]]
+    """
+    ret = Forward()
+    lastExpr = baseExpr | ( lpar + ret + rpar )
+    for i,operDef in enumerate(opList):
+        opExpr,arity,rightLeftAssoc,pa = (operDef + (None,))[:4]
+        termName = "%s term" % opExpr if arity < 3 else "%s%s term" % opExpr
+        if arity == 3:
+            if opExpr is None or len(opExpr) != 2:
+                raise ValueError("if numterms=3, opExpr must be a tuple or list of two expressions")
+            opExpr1, opExpr2 = opExpr
+        thisExpr = Forward().setName(termName)
+        if rightLeftAssoc == opAssoc.LEFT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr ) )
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr + lastExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr + lastExpr ) )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr+lastExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore(lastExpr) )
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr) + \
+                            Group( lastExpr + opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("operator must be unary (1), binary (2), or ternary (3)")
+        elif rightLeftAssoc == opAssoc.RIGHT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                # try to avoid LR with this extra test
+                if not isinstance(opExpr, Optional):
+                    opExpr = Optional(opExpr)
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(opExpr.expr + thisExpr) + Group( opExpr + thisExpr )
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr + thisExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr + thisExpr ) )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + thisExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( thisExpr ) )
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr) + \
+                            Group( lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("operator must be unary (1), binary (2), or ternary (3)")
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("operator must indicate right or left associativity")
+        if pa:
+            if isinstance(pa, (tuple, list)):
+                matchExpr.setParseAction(*pa)
+            else:
+                matchExpr.setParseAction(pa)
+        thisExpr <<= ( matchExpr.setName(termName) | lastExpr )
+        lastExpr = thisExpr
+    ret <<= lastExpr
+    return ret
+
+operatorPrecedence = infixNotation
+"""(Deprecated) Former name of C{L{infixNotation}}, will be dropped in a future release."""
+
+dblQuotedString = Combine(Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*')+'"').setName("string enclosed in double quotes")
+sglQuotedString = Combine(Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*")+"'").setName("string enclosed in single quotes")
+quotedString = Combine(Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*')+'"'|
+                       Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*")+"'").setName("quotedString using single or double quotes")
+unicodeString = Combine(_L('u') + quotedString.copy()).setName("unicode string literal")
+
+def nestedExpr(opener="(", closer=")", content=None, ignoreExpr=quotedString.copy()):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining nested lists enclosed in opening and closing
+    delimiters ("(" and ")" are the default).
+
+    Parameters:
+     - opener - opening character for a nested list (default=C{"("}); can also be a pyparsing expression
+     - closer - closing character for a nested list (default=C{")"}); can also be a pyparsing expression
+     - content - expression for items within the nested lists (default=C{None})
+     - ignoreExpr - expression for ignoring opening and closing delimiters (default=C{quotedString})
+
+    If an expression is not provided for the content argument, the nested
+    expression will capture all whitespace-delimited content between delimiters
+    as a list of separate values.
+
+    Use the C{ignoreExpr} argument to define expressions that may contain
+    opening or closing characters that should not be treated as opening
+    or closing characters for nesting, such as quotedString or a comment
+    expression.  Specify multiple expressions using an C{L{Or}} or C{L{MatchFirst}}.
+    The default is L{quotedString}, but if no expressions are to be ignored,
+    then pass C{None} for this argument.
+
+    Example::
+        data_type = oneOf("void int short long char float double")
+        decl_data_type = Combine(data_type + Optional(Word('*')))
+        ident = Word(alphas+'_', alphanums+'_')
+        number = pyparsing_common.number
+        arg = Group(decl_data_type + ident)
+        LPAR,RPAR = map(Suppress, "()")
+
+        code_body = nestedExpr('{', '}', ignoreExpr=(quotedString | cStyleComment))
+
+        c_function = (decl_data_type("type") 
+                      + ident("name")
+                      + LPAR + Optional(delimitedList(arg), [])("args") + RPAR 
+                      + code_body("body"))
+        c_function.ignore(cStyleComment)
+        
+        source_code = '''
+            int is_odd(int x) { 
+                return (x%2); 
+            }
+                
+            int dec_to_hex(char hchar) { 
+                if (hchar >= '0' && hchar <= '9') { 
+                    return (ord(hchar)-ord('0')); 
+                } else { 
+                    return (10+ord(hchar)-ord('A'));
+                } 
+            }
+        '''
+        for func in c_function.searchString(source_code):
+            print("%(name)s (%(type)s) args: %(args)s" % func)
+
+    prints::
+        is_odd (int) args: [['int', 'x']]
+        dec_to_hex (int) args: [['char', 'hchar']]
+    """
+    if opener == closer:
+        raise ValueError("opening and closing strings cannot be the same")
+    if content is None:
+        if isinstance(opener,basestring) and isinstance(closer,basestring):
+            if len(opener) == 1 and len(closer)==1:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~ignoreExpr +
+                                    CharsNotIn(opener+closer+ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+                else:
+                    content = (empty.copy()+CharsNotIn(opener+closer+ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+            else:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~ignoreExpr + 
+                                    ~Literal(opener) + ~Literal(closer) +
+                                    CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+                else:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~Literal(opener) + ~Literal(closer) +
+                                    CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("opening and closing arguments must be strings if no content expression is given")
+    ret = Forward()
+    if ignoreExpr is not None:
+        ret <<= Group( Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore( ignoreExpr | ret | content ) + Suppress(closer) )
+    else:
+        ret <<= Group( Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore( ret | content )  + Suppress(closer) )
+    ret.setName('nested %s%s expression' % (opener,closer))
+    return ret
+
+def indentedBlock(blockStatementExpr, indentStack, indent=True):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining space-delimited indentation blocks, such as
+    those used to define block statements in Python source code.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - blockStatementExpr - expression defining syntax of statement that
+            is repeated within the indented block
+     - indentStack - list created by caller to manage indentation stack
+            (multiple statementWithIndentedBlock expressions within a single grammar
+            should share a common indentStack)
+     - indent - boolean indicating whether block must be indented beyond the
+            the current level; set to False for block of left-most statements
+            (default=C{True})
+
+    A valid block must contain at least one C{blockStatement}.
+
+    Example::
+        data = '''
+        def A(z):
+          A1
+          B = 100
+          G = A2
+          A2
+          A3
+        B
+        def BB(a,b,c):
+          BB1
+          def BBA():
+            bba1
+            bba2
+            bba3
+        C
+        D
+        def spam(x,y):
+             def eggs(z):
+                 pass
+        '''
+
+
+        indentStack = [1]
+        stmt = Forward()
+
+        identifier = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+        funcDecl = ("def" + identifier + Group( "(" + Optional( delimitedList(identifier) ) + ")" ) + ":")
+        func_body = indentedBlock(stmt, indentStack)
+        funcDef = Group( funcDecl + func_body )
+
+        rvalue = Forward()
+        funcCall = Group(identifier + "(" + Optional(delimitedList(rvalue)) + ")")
+        rvalue << (funcCall | identifier | Word(nums))
+        assignment = Group(identifier + "=" + rvalue)
+        stmt << ( funcDef | assignment | identifier )
+
+        module_body = OneOrMore(stmt)
+
+        parseTree = module_body.parseString(data)
+        parseTree.pprint()
+    prints::
+        [['def',
+          'A',
+          ['(', 'z', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['A1'], [['B', '=', '100']], [['G', '=', 'A2']], ['A2'], ['A3']]],
+         'B',
+         ['def',
+          'BB',
+          ['(', 'a', 'b', 'c', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['BB1'], [['def', 'BBA', ['(', ')'], ':', [['bba1'], ['bba2'], ['bba3']]]]]],
+         'C',
+         'D',
+         ['def',
+          'spam',
+          ['(', 'x', 'y', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [[['def', 'eggs', ['(', 'z', ')'], ':', [['pass']]]]]]] 
+    """
+    def checkPeerIndent(s,l,t):
+        if l >= len(s): return
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if curCol != indentStack[-1]:
+            if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+                raise ParseFatalException(s,l,"illegal nesting")
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not a peer entry")
+
+    def checkSubIndent(s,l,t):
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+            indentStack.append( curCol )
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not a subentry")
+
+    def checkUnindent(s,l,t):
+        if l >= len(s): return
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if not(indentStack and curCol < indentStack[-1] and curCol <= indentStack[-2]):
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not an unindent")
+        indentStack.pop()
+
+    NL = OneOrMore(LineEnd().setWhitespaceChars("\t ").suppress())
+    INDENT = (Empty() + Empty().setParseAction(checkSubIndent)).setName('INDENT')
+    PEER   = Empty().setParseAction(checkPeerIndent).setName('')
+    UNDENT = Empty().setParseAction(checkUnindent).setName('UNINDENT')
+    if indent:
+        smExpr = Group( Optional(NL) +
+            #~ FollowedBy(blockStatementExpr) +
+            INDENT + (OneOrMore( PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Optional(NL) )) + UNDENT)
+    else:
+        smExpr = Group( Optional(NL) +
+            (OneOrMore( PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Optional(NL) )) )
+    blockStatementExpr.ignore(_bslash + LineEnd())
+    return smExpr.setName('indented block')
+
+alphas8bit = srange(r"[\0xc0-\0xd6\0xd8-\0xf6\0xf8-\0xff]")
+punc8bit = srange(r"[\0xa1-\0xbf\0xd7\0xf7]")
+
+anyOpenTag,anyCloseTag = makeHTMLTags(Word(alphas,alphanums+"_:").setName('any tag'))
+_htmlEntityMap = dict(zip("gt lt amp nbsp quot apos".split(),'><& "\''))
+commonHTMLEntity = Regex('&(?P<entity>' + '|'.join(_htmlEntityMap.keys()) +");").setName("common HTML entity")
+def replaceHTMLEntity(t):
+    """Helper parser action to replace common HTML entities with their special characters"""
+    return _htmlEntityMap.get(t.entity)
+
+# it's easy to get these comment structures wrong - they're very common, so may as well make them available
+cStyleComment = Combine(Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + '*/').setName("C style comment")
+"Comment of the form C{/* ... */}"
+
+htmlComment = Regex(r"<!--[\s\S]*?-->").setName("HTML comment")
+"Comment of the form C{<!-- ... -->}"
+
+restOfLine = Regex(r".*").leaveWhitespace().setName("rest of line")
+dblSlashComment = Regex(r"//(?:\\\n|[^\n])*").setName("// comment")
+"Comment of the form C{// ... (to end of line)}"
+
+cppStyleComment = Combine(Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + '*/'| dblSlashComment).setName("C++ style comment")
+"Comment of either form C{L{cStyleComment}} or C{L{dblSlashComment}}"
+
+javaStyleComment = cppStyleComment
+"Same as C{L{cppStyleComment}}"
+
+pythonStyleComment = Regex(r"#.*").setName("Python style comment")
+"Comment of the form C{# ... (to end of line)}"
+
+_commasepitem = Combine(OneOrMore(Word(printables, excludeChars=',') +
+                                  Optional( Word(" \t") +
+                                            ~Literal(",") + ~LineEnd() ) ) ).streamline().setName("commaItem")
+commaSeparatedList = delimitedList( Optional( quotedString.copy() | _commasepitem, default="") ).setName("commaSeparatedList")
+"""(Deprecated) Predefined expression of 1 or more printable words or quoted strings, separated by commas.
+   This expression is deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.comma_separated_list}."""
+
+# some other useful expressions - using lower-case class name since we are really using this as a namespace
+class pyparsing_common:
+    """
+    Here are some common low-level expressions that may be useful in jump-starting parser development:
+     - numeric forms (L{integers<integer>}, L{reals<real>}, L{scientific notation<sci_real>})
+     - common L{programming identifiers<identifier>}
+     - network addresses (L{MAC<mac_address>}, L{IPv4<ipv4_address>}, L{IPv6<ipv6_address>})
+     - ISO8601 L{dates<iso8601_date>} and L{datetime<iso8601_datetime>}
+     - L{UUID<uuid>}
+     - L{comma-separated list<comma_separated_list>}
+    Parse actions:
+     - C{L{convertToInteger}}
+     - C{L{convertToFloat}}
+     - C{L{convertToDate}}
+     - C{L{convertToDatetime}}
+     - C{L{stripHTMLTags}}
+     - C{L{upcaseTokens}}
+     - C{L{downcaseTokens}}
+
+    Example::
+        pyparsing_common.number.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fnumber.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as float
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.hex_integer.runTests('''
+            # hex numbers
+            100
+            FF
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fraction.runTests('''
+            # fractions
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.mixed_integer.runTests('''
+            # mixed fractions
+            1
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            1-3/4
+            ''')
+
+        import uuid
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.setParseAction(tokenMap(uuid.UUID))
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.runTests('''
+            # uuid
+            12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+        100
+        [100]
+
+        -100
+        [-100]
+
+        +100
+        [100]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # any int or real number, returned as float
+        100
+        [100.0]
+
+        -100
+        [-100.0]
+
+        +100
+        [100.0]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # hex numbers
+        100
+        [256]
+
+        FF
+        [255]
+
+        # fractions
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        # mixed fractions
+        1
+        [1]
+
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        1-3/4
+        [1.75]
+
+        # uuid
+        12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+        [UUID('12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678')]
+    """
+
+    convertToInteger = tokenMap(int)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed integers to Python int
+    """
+
+    convertToFloat = tokenMap(float)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed numbers to Python float
+    """
+
+    integer = Word(nums).setName("integer").setParseAction(convertToInteger)
+    """expression that parses an unsigned integer, returns an int"""
+
+    hex_integer = Word(hexnums).setName("hex integer").setParseAction(tokenMap(int,16))
+    """expression that parses a hexadecimal integer, returns an int"""
+
+    signed_integer = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+').setName("signed integer").setParseAction(convertToInteger)
+    """expression that parses an integer with optional leading sign, returns an int"""
+
+    fraction = (signed_integer().setParseAction(convertToFloat) + '/' + signed_integer().setParseAction(convertToFloat)).setName("fraction")
+    """fractional expression of an integer divided by an integer, returns a float"""
+    fraction.addParseAction(lambda t: t[0]/t[-1])
+
+    mixed_integer = (fraction | signed_integer + Optional(Optional('-').suppress() + fraction)).setName("fraction or mixed integer-fraction")
+    """mixed integer of the form 'integer - fraction', with optional leading integer, returns float"""
+    mixed_integer.addParseAction(sum)
+
+    real = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+\.\d*').setName("real number").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """expression that parses a floating point number and returns a float"""
+
+    sci_real = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+([eE][+-]?\d+|\.\d*([eE][+-]?\d+)?)').setName("real number with scientific notation").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """expression that parses a floating point number with optional scientific notation and returns a float"""
+
+    # streamlining this expression makes the docs nicer-looking
+    number = (sci_real | real | signed_integer).streamline()
+    """any numeric expression, returns the corresponding Python type"""
+
+    fnumber = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+\.?\d*([eE][+-]?\d+)?').setName("fnumber").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """any int or real number, returned as float"""
+    
+    identifier = Word(alphas+'_', alphanums+'_').setName("identifier")
+    """typical code identifier (leading alpha or '_', followed by 0 or more alphas, nums, or '_')"""
+    
+    ipv4_address = Regex(r'(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})){3}').setName("IPv4 address")
+    "IPv4 address (C{0.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255})"
+
+    _ipv6_part = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}').setName("hex_integer")
+    _full_ipv6_address = (_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*7).setName("full IPv6 address")
+    _short_ipv6_address = (Optional(_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*(0,6)) + "::" + Optional(_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*(0,6))).setName("short IPv6 address")
+    _short_ipv6_address.addCondition(lambda t: sum(1 for tt in t if pyparsing_common._ipv6_part.matches(tt)) < 8)
+    _mixed_ipv6_address = ("::ffff:" + ipv4_address).setName("mixed IPv6 address")
+    ipv6_address = Combine((_full_ipv6_address | _mixed_ipv6_address | _short_ipv6_address).setName("IPv6 address")).setName("IPv6 address")
+    "IPv6 address (long, short, or mixed form)"
+    
+    mac_address = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{2}([:.-])[0-9a-fA-F]{2}(?:\1[0-9a-fA-F]{2}){4}').setName("MAC address")
+    "MAC address xx:xx:xx:xx:xx (may also have '-' or '.' delimiters)"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convertToDate(fmt="%Y-%m-%d"):
+        """
+        Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed date string to Python datetime.date
+
+        Params -
+         - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default=C{"%Y-%m-%d"})
+
+        Example::
+            date_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_date.copy()
+            date_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDate())
+            print(date_expr.parseString("1999-12-31"))
+        prints::
+            [datetime.date(1999, 12, 31)]
+        """
+        def cvt_fn(s,l,t):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(t[0], fmt).date()
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, str(ve))
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convertToDatetime(fmt="%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"):
+        """
+        Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed datetime string to Python datetime.datetime
+
+        Params -
+         - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default=C{"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"})
+
+        Example::
+            dt_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_datetime.copy()
+            dt_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDatetime())
+            print(dt_expr.parseString("1999-12-31T23:59:59.999"))
+        prints::
+            [datetime.datetime(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999000)]
+        """
+        def cvt_fn(s,l,t):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(t[0], fmt)
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, str(ve))
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    iso8601_date = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})(?:-(?P<month>\d\d)(?:-(?P<day>\d\d))?)?').setName("ISO8601 date")
+    "ISO8601 date (C{yyyy-mm-dd})"
+
+    iso8601_datetime = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d)-(?P<day>\d\d)[T ](?P<hour>\d\d):(?P<minute>\d\d)(:(?P<second>\d\d(\.\d*)?)?)?(?P<tz>Z|[+-]\d\d:?\d\d)?').setName("ISO8601 datetime")
+    "ISO8601 datetime (C{yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.s(Z|+-00:00)}) - trailing seconds, milliseconds, and timezone optional; accepts separating C{'T'} or C{' '}"
+
+    uuid = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{8}(-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}){3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}').setName("UUID")
+    "UUID (C{xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx})"
+
+    _html_stripper = anyOpenTag.suppress() | anyCloseTag.suppress()
+    @staticmethod
+    def stripHTMLTags(s, l, tokens):
+        """
+        Parse action to remove HTML tags from web page HTML source
+
+        Example::
+            # strip HTML links from normal text 
+            text = '<td>More info at the <a href="http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+            td,td_end = makeHTMLTags("TD")
+            table_text = td + SkipTo(td_end).setParseAction(pyparsing_common.stripHTMLTags)("body") + td_end
+            
+            print(table_text.parseString(text).body) # -> 'More info at the pyparsing wiki page'
+        """
+        return pyparsing_common._html_stripper.transformString(tokens[0])
+
+    _commasepitem = Combine(OneOrMore(~Literal(",") + ~LineEnd() + Word(printables, excludeChars=',') 
+                                        + Optional( White(" \t") ) ) ).streamline().setName("commaItem")
+    comma_separated_list = delimitedList( Optional( quotedString.copy() | _commasepitem, default="") ).setName("comma separated list")
+    """Predefined expression of 1 or more printable words or quoted strings, separated by commas."""
+
+    upcaseTokens = staticmethod(tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).upper()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to upper case."""
+
+    downcaseTokens = staticmethod(tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).lower()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to lower case."""
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    selectToken    = CaselessLiteral("select")
+    fromToken      = CaselessLiteral("from")
+
+    ident          = Word(alphas, alphanums + "_$")
+
+    columnName     = delimitedList(ident, ".", combine=True).setParseAction(upcaseTokens)
+    columnNameList = Group(delimitedList(columnName)).setName("columns")
+    columnSpec     = ('*' | columnNameList)
+
+    tableName      = delimitedList(ident, ".", combine=True).setParseAction(upcaseTokens)
+    tableNameList  = Group(delimitedList(tableName)).setName("tables")
+    
+    simpleSQL      = selectToken("command") + columnSpec("columns") + fromToken + tableNameList("tables")
+
+    # demo runTests method, including embedded comments in test string
+    simpleSQL.runTests("""
+        # '*' as column list and dotted table name
+        select * from SYS.XYZZY
+
+        # caseless match on "SELECT", and casts back to "select"
+        SELECT * from XYZZY, ABC
+
+        # list of column names, and mixed case SELECT keyword
+        Select AA,BB,CC from Sys.dual
+
+        # multiple tables
+        Select A, B, C from Sys.dual, Table2
+
+        # invalid SELECT keyword - should fail
+        Xelect A, B, C from Sys.dual
+
+        # incomplete command - should fail
+        Select
+
+        # invalid column name - should fail
+        Select ^^^ frox Sys.dual
+
+        """)
+
+    pyparsing_common.number.runTests("""
+        100
+        -100
+        +100
+        3.14159
+        6.02e23
+        1e-12
+        """)
+
+    # any int or real number, returned as float
+    pyparsing_common.fnumber.runTests("""
+        100
+        -100
+        +100
+        3.14159
+        6.02e23
+        1e-12
+        """)
+
+    pyparsing_common.hex_integer.runTests("""
+        100
+        FF
+        """)
+
+    import uuid
+    pyparsing_common.uuid.setParseAction(tokenMap(uuid.UUID))
+    pyparsing_common.uuid.runTests("""
+        12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+        """)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/archive_util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/archive_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f70284
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/archive_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+"""Utilities for extracting common archive formats"""
+
+import zipfile
+import tarfile
+import os
+import shutil
+import posixpath
+import contextlib
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+
+from pkg_resources import ensure_directory
+
+__all__ = [
+    "unpack_archive", "unpack_zipfile", "unpack_tarfile", "default_filter",
+    "UnrecognizedFormat", "extraction_drivers", "unpack_directory",
+]
+
+
+class UnrecognizedFormat(DistutilsError):
+    """Couldn't recognize the archive type"""
+
+
+def default_filter(src, dst):
+    """The default progress/filter callback; returns True for all files"""
+    return dst
+
+
+def unpack_archive(
+        filename, extract_dir, progress_filter=default_filter,
+        drivers=None):
+    """Unpack `filename` to `extract_dir`, or raise ``UnrecognizedFormat``
+
+    `progress_filter` is a function taking two arguments: a source path
+    internal to the archive ('/'-separated), and a filesystem path where it
+    will be extracted.  The callback must return the desired extract path
+    (which may be the same as the one passed in), or else ``None`` to skip
+    that file or directory.  The callback can thus be used to report on the
+    progress of the extraction, as well as to filter the items extracted or
+    alter their extraction paths.
+
+    `drivers`, if supplied, must be a non-empty sequence of functions with the
+    same signature as this function (minus the `drivers` argument), that raise
+    ``UnrecognizedFormat`` if they do not support extracting the designated
+    archive type.  The `drivers` are tried in sequence until one is found that
+    does not raise an error, or until all are exhausted (in which case
+    ``UnrecognizedFormat`` is raised).  If you do not supply a sequence of
+    drivers, the module's ``extraction_drivers`` constant will be used, which
+    means that ``unpack_zipfile`` and ``unpack_tarfile`` will be tried, in that
+    order.
+    """
+    for driver in drivers or extraction_drivers:
+        try:
+            driver(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter)
+        except UnrecognizedFormat:
+            continue
+        else:
+            return
+    else:
+        raise UnrecognizedFormat(
+            "Not a recognized archive type: %s" % filename
+        )
+
+
+def unpack_directory(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter=default_filter):
+    """"Unpack" a directory, using the same interface as for archives
+
+    Raises ``UnrecognizedFormat`` if `filename` is not a directory
+    """
+    if not os.path.isdir(filename):
+        raise UnrecognizedFormat("%s is not a directory" % filename)
+
+    paths = {
+        filename: ('', extract_dir),
+    }
+    for base, dirs, files in os.walk(filename):
+        src, dst = paths[base]
+        for d in dirs:
+            paths[os.path.join(base, d)] = src + d + '/', os.path.join(dst, d)
+        for f in files:
+            target = os.path.join(dst, f)
+            target = progress_filter(src + f, target)
+            if not target:
+                # skip non-files
+                continue
+            ensure_directory(target)
+            f = os.path.join(base, f)
+            shutil.copyfile(f, target)
+            shutil.copystat(f, target)
+
+
+def unpack_zipfile(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter=default_filter):
+    """Unpack zip `filename` to `extract_dir`
+
+    Raises ``UnrecognizedFormat`` if `filename` is not a zipfile (as determined
+    by ``zipfile.is_zipfile()``).  See ``unpack_archive()`` for an explanation
+    of the `progress_filter` argument.
+    """
+
+    if not zipfile.is_zipfile(filename):
+        raise UnrecognizedFormat("%s is not a zip file" % (filename,))
+
+    with zipfile.ZipFile(filename) as z:
+        for info in z.infolist():
+            name = info.filename
+
+            # don't extract absolute paths or ones with .. in them
+            if name.startswith('/') or '..' in name.split('/'):
+                continue
+
+            target = os.path.join(extract_dir, *name.split('/'))
+            target = progress_filter(name, target)
+            if not target:
+                continue
+            if name.endswith('/'):
+                # directory
+                ensure_directory(target)
+            else:
+                # file
+                ensure_directory(target)
+                data = z.read(info.filename)
+                with open(target, 'wb') as f:
+                    f.write(data)
+            unix_attributes = info.external_attr >> 16
+            if unix_attributes:
+                os.chmod(target, unix_attributes)
+
+
+def _resolve_tar_file_or_dir(tar_obj, tar_member_obj):
+    """Resolve any links and extract link targets as normal files."""
+    while tar_member_obj is not None and (
+            tar_member_obj.islnk() or tar_member_obj.issym()):
+        linkpath = tar_member_obj.linkname
+        if tar_member_obj.issym():
+            base = posixpath.dirname(tar_member_obj.name)
+            linkpath = posixpath.join(base, linkpath)
+            linkpath = posixpath.normpath(linkpath)
+        tar_member_obj = tar_obj._getmember(linkpath)
+
+    is_file_or_dir = (
+        tar_member_obj is not None and
+        (tar_member_obj.isfile() or tar_member_obj.isdir())
+    )
+    if is_file_or_dir:
+        return tar_member_obj
+
+    raise LookupError('Got unknown file type')
+
+
+def _iter_open_tar(tar_obj, extract_dir, progress_filter):
+    """Emit member-destination pairs from a tar archive."""
+    # don't do any chowning!
+    tar_obj.chown = lambda *args: None
+
+    with contextlib.closing(tar_obj):
+        for member in tar_obj:
+            name = member.name
+            # don't extract absolute paths or ones with .. in them
+            if name.startswith('/') or '..' in name.split('/'):
+                continue
+
+            prelim_dst = os.path.join(extract_dir, *name.split('/'))
+
+            try:
+                member = _resolve_tar_file_or_dir(tar_obj, member)
+            except LookupError:
+                continue
+
+            final_dst = progress_filter(name, prelim_dst)
+            if not final_dst:
+                continue
+
+            if final_dst.endswith(os.sep):
+                final_dst = final_dst[:-1]
+
+            yield member, final_dst
+
+
+def unpack_tarfile(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter=default_filter):
+    """Unpack tar/tar.gz/tar.bz2 `filename` to `extract_dir`
+
+    Raises ``UnrecognizedFormat`` if `filename` is not a tarfile (as determined
+    by ``tarfile.open()``).  See ``unpack_archive()`` for an explanation
+    of the `progress_filter` argument.
+    """
+    try:
+        tarobj = tarfile.open(filename)
+    except tarfile.TarError as e:
+        raise UnrecognizedFormat(
+            "%s is not a compressed or uncompressed tar file" % (filename,)
+        ) from e
+
+    for member, final_dst in _iter_open_tar(
+            tarobj, extract_dir, progress_filter,
+    ):
+        try:
+            # XXX Ugh
+            tarobj._extract_member(member, final_dst)
+        except tarfile.ExtractError:
+            # chown/chmod/mkfifo/mknode/makedev failed
+            pass
+
+    return True
+
+
+extraction_drivers = unpack_directory, unpack_zipfile, unpack_tarfile
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0ac613
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+"""A PEP 517 interface to setuptools
+
+Previously, when a user or a command line tool (let's call it a "frontend")
+needed to make a request of setuptools to take a certain action, for
+example, generating a list of installation requirements, the frontend would
+would call "setup.py egg_info" or "setup.py bdist_wheel" on the command line.
+
+PEP 517 defines a different method of interfacing with setuptools. Rather
+than calling "setup.py" directly, the frontend should:
+
+  1. Set the current directory to the directory with a setup.py file
+  2. Import this module into a safe python interpreter (one in which
+     setuptools can potentially set global variables or crash hard).
+  3. Call one of the functions defined in PEP 517.
+
+What each function does is defined in PEP 517. However, here is a "casual"
+definition of the functions (this definition should not be relied on for
+bug reports or API stability):
+
+  - `build_wheel`: build a wheel in the folder and return the basename
+  - `get_requires_for_build_wheel`: get the `setup_requires` to build
+  - `prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel`: get the `install_requires`
+  - `build_sdist`: build an sdist in the folder and return the basename
+  - `get_requires_for_build_sdist`: get the `setup_requires` to build
+
+Again, this is not a formal definition! Just a "taste" of the module.
+"""
+
+import io
+import os
+import sys
+import tokenize
+import shutil
+import contextlib
+import tempfile
+import warnings
+
+import setuptools
+import distutils
+
+from pkg_resources import parse_requirements
+
+__all__ = ['get_requires_for_build_sdist',
+           'get_requires_for_build_wheel',
+           'prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel',
+           'build_wheel',
+           'build_sdist',
+           '__legacy__',
+           'SetupRequirementsError']
+
+
+class SetupRequirementsError(BaseException):
+    def __init__(self, specifiers):
+        self.specifiers = specifiers
+
+
+class Distribution(setuptools.dist.Distribution):
+    def fetch_build_eggs(self, specifiers):
+        specifier_list = list(map(str, parse_requirements(specifiers)))
+
+        raise SetupRequirementsError(specifier_list)
+
+    @classmethod
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def patch(cls):
+        """
+        Replace
+        distutils.dist.Distribution with this class
+        for the duration of this context.
+        """
+        orig = distutils.core.Distribution
+        distutils.core.Distribution = cls
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            distutils.core.Distribution = orig
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def no_install_setup_requires():
+    """Temporarily disable installing setup_requires
+
+    Under PEP 517, the backend reports build dependencies to the frontend,
+    and the frontend is responsible for ensuring they're installed.
+    So setuptools (acting as a backend) should not try to install them.
+    """
+    orig = setuptools._install_setup_requires
+    setuptools._install_setup_requires = lambda attrs: None
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        setuptools._install_setup_requires = orig
+
+
+def _get_immediate_subdirectories(a_dir):
+    return [name for name in os.listdir(a_dir)
+            if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(a_dir, name))]
+
+
+def _file_with_extension(directory, extension):
+    matching = (
+        f for f in os.listdir(directory)
+        if f.endswith(extension)
+    )
+    try:
+        file, = matching
+    except ValueError:
+        raise ValueError(
+            'No distribution was found. Ensure that `setup.py` '
+            'is not empty and that it calls `setup()`.')
+    return file
+
+
+def _open_setup_script(setup_script):
+    if not os.path.exists(setup_script):
+        # Supply a default setup.py
+        return io.StringIO(u"from setuptools import setup; setup()")
+
+    return getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(setup_script)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def suppress_known_deprecation():
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', 'setup.py install is deprecated')
+        yield
+
+
+class _BuildMetaBackend(object):
+
+    def _fix_config(self, config_settings):
+        config_settings = config_settings or {}
+        config_settings.setdefault('--global-option', [])
+        return config_settings
+
+    def _get_build_requires(self, config_settings, requirements):
+        config_settings = self._fix_config(config_settings)
+
+        sys.argv = sys.argv[:1] + ['egg_info'] + \
+            config_settings["--global-option"]
+        try:
+            with Distribution.patch():
+                self.run_setup()
+        except SetupRequirementsError as e:
+            requirements += e.specifiers
+
+        return requirements
+
+    def run_setup(self, setup_script='setup.py'):
+        # Note that we can reuse our build directory between calls
+        # Correctness comes first, then optimization later
+        __file__ = setup_script
+        __name__ = '__main__'
+
+        with _open_setup_script(__file__) as f:
+            code = f.read().replace(r'\r\n', r'\n')
+
+        exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
+
+    def get_requires_for_build_wheel(self, config_settings=None):
+        config_settings = self._fix_config(config_settings)
+        return self._get_build_requires(
+            config_settings, requirements=['wheel'])
+
+    def get_requires_for_build_sdist(self, config_settings=None):
+        config_settings = self._fix_config(config_settings)
+        return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=[])
+
+    def prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel(self, metadata_directory,
+                                         config_settings=None):
+        sys.argv = sys.argv[:1] + [
+            'dist_info', '--egg-base', metadata_directory]
+        with no_install_setup_requires():
+            self.run_setup()
+
+        dist_info_directory = metadata_directory
+        while True:
+            dist_infos = [f for f in os.listdir(dist_info_directory)
+                          if f.endswith('.dist-info')]
+
+            if (
+                len(dist_infos) == 0 and
+                len(_get_immediate_subdirectories(dist_info_directory)) == 1
+            ):
+
+                dist_info_directory = os.path.join(
+                    dist_info_directory, os.listdir(dist_info_directory)[0])
+                continue
+
+            assert len(dist_infos) == 1
+            break
+
+        # PEP 517 requires that the .dist-info directory be placed in the
+        # metadata_directory. To comply, we MUST copy the directory to the root
+        if dist_info_directory != metadata_directory:
+            shutil.move(
+                os.path.join(dist_info_directory, dist_infos[0]),
+                metadata_directory)
+            shutil.rmtree(dist_info_directory, ignore_errors=True)
+
+        return dist_infos[0]
+
+    def _build_with_temp_dir(self, setup_command, result_extension,
+                             result_directory, config_settings):
+        config_settings = self._fix_config(config_settings)
+        result_directory = os.path.abspath(result_directory)
+
+        # Build in a temporary directory, then copy to the target.
+        os.makedirs(result_directory, exist_ok=True)
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(dir=result_directory) as tmp_dist_dir:
+            sys.argv = (sys.argv[:1] + setup_command +
+                        ['--dist-dir', tmp_dist_dir] +
+                        config_settings["--global-option"])
+            with no_install_setup_requires():
+                self.run_setup()
+
+            result_basename = _file_with_extension(
+                tmp_dist_dir, result_extension)
+            result_path = os.path.join(result_directory, result_basename)
+            if os.path.exists(result_path):
+                # os.rename will fail overwriting on non-Unix.
+                os.remove(result_path)
+            os.rename(os.path.join(tmp_dist_dir, result_basename), result_path)
+
+        return result_basename
+
+    def build_wheel(self, wheel_directory, config_settings=None,
+                    metadata_directory=None):
+        with suppress_known_deprecation():
+            return self._build_with_temp_dir(['bdist_wheel'], '.whl',
+                                             wheel_directory, config_settings)
+
+    def build_sdist(self, sdist_directory, config_settings=None):
+        return self._build_with_temp_dir(['sdist', '--formats', 'gztar'],
+                                         '.tar.gz', sdist_directory,
+                                         config_settings)
+
+
+class _BuildMetaLegacyBackend(_BuildMetaBackend):
+    """Compatibility backend for setuptools
+
+    This is a version of setuptools.build_meta that endeavors
+    to maintain backwards
+    compatibility with pre-PEP 517 modes of invocation. It
+    exists as a temporary
+    bridge between the old packaging mechanism and the new
+    packaging mechanism,
+    and will eventually be removed.
+    """
+    def run_setup(self, setup_script='setup.py'):
+        # In order to maintain compatibility with scripts assuming that
+        # the setup.py script is in a directory on the PYTHONPATH, inject
+        # '' into sys.path. (pypa/setuptools#1642)
+        sys_path = list(sys.path)           # Save the original path
+
+        script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(setup_script))
+        if script_dir not in sys.path:
+            sys.path.insert(0, script_dir)
+
+        # Some setup.py scripts (e.g. in pygame and numpy) use sys.argv[0] to
+        # get the directory of the source code. They expect it to refer to the
+        # setup.py script.
+        sys_argv_0 = sys.argv[0]
+        sys.argv[0] = setup_script
+
+        try:
+            super(_BuildMetaLegacyBackend,
+                  self).run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
+        finally:
+            # While PEP 517 frontends should be calling each hook in a fresh
+            # subprocess according to the standard (and thus it should not be
+            # strictly necessary to restore the old sys.path), we'll restore
+            # the original path so that the path manipulation does not persist
+            # within the hook after run_setup is called.
+            sys.path[:] = sys_path
+            sys.argv[0] = sys_argv_0
+
+
+# The primary backend
+_BACKEND = _BuildMetaBackend()
+
+get_requires_for_build_wheel = _BACKEND.get_requires_for_build_wheel
+get_requires_for_build_sdist = _BACKEND.get_requires_for_build_sdist
+prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel = _BACKEND.prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
+build_wheel = _BACKEND.build_wheel
+build_sdist = _BACKEND.build_sdist
+
+
+# The legacy backend
+__legacy__ = _BuildMetaLegacyBackend()
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/cli-arm64.exe b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/cli-arm64.exe
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/cli.exe b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/cli.exe
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b966dce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+from distutils.command.bdist import bdist
+import sys
+
+if 'egg' not in bdist.format_commands:
+    bdist.format_command['egg'] = ('bdist_egg', "Python .egg file")
+    bdist.format_commands.append('egg')
+
+del bdist, sys
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/alias.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/alias.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..452a924
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/alias.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+
+from setuptools.command.setopt import edit_config, option_base, config_file
+
+
+def shquote(arg):
+    """Quote an argument for later parsing by shlex.split()"""
+    for c in '"', "'", "\\", "#":
+        if c in arg:
+            return repr(arg)
+    if arg.split() != [arg]:
+        return repr(arg)
+    return arg
+
+
+class alias(option_base):
+    """Define a shortcut that invokes one or more commands"""
+
+    description = "define a shortcut to invoke one or more commands"
+    command_consumes_arguments = True
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('remove', 'r', 'remove (unset) the alias'),
+    ] + option_base.user_options
+
+    boolean_options = option_base.boolean_options + ['remove']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        option_base.initialize_options(self)
+        self.args = None
+        self.remove = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        option_base.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.remove and len(self.args) != 1:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Must specify exactly one argument (the alias name) when "
+                "using --remove"
+            )
+
+    def run(self):
+        aliases = self.distribution.get_option_dict('aliases')
+
+        if not self.args:
+            print("Command Aliases")
+            print("---------------")
+            for alias in aliases:
+                print("setup.py alias", format_alias(alias, aliases))
+            return
+
+        elif len(self.args) == 1:
+            alias, = self.args
+            if self.remove:
+                command = None
+            elif alias in aliases:
+                print("setup.py alias", format_alias(alias, aliases))
+                return
+            else:
+                print("No alias definition found for %r" % alias)
+                return
+        else:
+            alias = self.args[0]
+            command = ' '.join(map(shquote, self.args[1:]))
+
+        edit_config(self.filename, {'aliases': {alias: command}}, self.dry_run)
+
+
+def format_alias(name, aliases):
+    source, command = aliases[name]
+    if source == config_file('global'):
+        source = '--global-config '
+    elif source == config_file('user'):
+        source = '--user-config '
+    elif source == config_file('local'):
+        source = ''
+    else:
+        source = '--filename=%r' % source
+    return source + name + ' ' + command
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6b1609
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+"""setuptools.command.bdist_egg
+
+Build .egg distributions"""
+
+from distutils.dir_util import remove_tree, mkpath
+from distutils import log
+from types import CodeType
+import sys
+import os
+import re
+import textwrap
+import marshal
+
+from pkg_resources import get_build_platform, Distribution, ensure_directory
+from setuptools.extension import Library
+from setuptools import Command
+
+from sysconfig import get_path, get_python_version
+
+
+def _get_purelib():
+    return get_path("purelib")
+
+
+def strip_module(filename):
+    if '.' in filename:
+        filename = os.path.splitext(filename)[0]
+    if filename.endswith('module'):
+        filename = filename[:-6]
+    return filename
+
+
+def sorted_walk(dir):
+    """Do os.walk in a reproducible way,
+    independent of indeterministic filesystem readdir order
+    """
+    for base, dirs, files in os.walk(dir):
+        dirs.sort()
+        files.sort()
+        yield base, dirs, files
+
+
+def write_stub(resource, pyfile):
+    _stub_template = textwrap.dedent("""
+        def __bootstrap__():
+            global __bootstrap__, __loader__, __file__
+            import sys, pkg_resources, importlib.util
+            __file__ = pkg_resources.resource_filename(__name__, %r)
+            __loader__ = None; del __bootstrap__, __loader__
+            spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(__name__,__file__)
+            mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+            spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
+        __bootstrap__()
+        """).lstrip()
+    with open(pyfile, 'w') as f:
+        f.write(_stub_template % resource)
+
+
+class bdist_egg(Command):
+    description = "create an \"egg\" distribution"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('bdist-dir=', 'b',
+         "temporary directory for creating the distribution"),
+        ('plat-name=', 'p', "platform name to embed in generated filenames "
+                            "(default: %s)" % get_build_platform()),
+        ('exclude-source-files', None,
+         "remove all .py files from the generated egg"),
+        ('keep-temp', 'k',
+         "keep the pseudo-installation tree around after " +
+         "creating the distribution archive"),
+        ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+         "directory to put final built distributions in"),
+        ('skip-build', None,
+         "skip rebuilding everything (for testing/debugging)"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = [
+        'keep-temp', 'skip-build', 'exclude-source-files'
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.bdist_dir = None
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.keep_temp = 0
+        self.dist_dir = None
+        self.skip_build = 0
+        self.egg_output = None
+        self.exclude_source_files = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        ei_cmd = self.ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+        self.egg_info = ei_cmd.egg_info
+
+        if self.bdist_dir is None:
+            bdist_base = self.get_finalized_command('bdist').bdist_base
+            self.bdist_dir = os.path.join(bdist_base, 'egg')
+
+        if self.plat_name is None:
+            self.plat_name = get_build_platform()
+
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist', ('dist_dir', 'dist_dir'))
+
+        if self.egg_output is None:
+
+            # Compute filename of the output egg
+            basename = Distribution(
+                None, None, ei_cmd.egg_name, ei_cmd.egg_version,
+                get_python_version(),
+                self.distribution.has_ext_modules() and self.plat_name
+            ).egg_name()
+
+            self.egg_output = os.path.join(self.dist_dir, basename + '.egg')
+
+    def do_install_data(self):
+        # Hack for packages that install data to install's --install-lib
+        self.get_finalized_command('install').install_lib = self.bdist_dir
+
+        site_packages = os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(_get_purelib()))
+        old, self.distribution.data_files = self.distribution.data_files, []
+
+        for item in old:
+            if isinstance(item, tuple) and len(item) == 2:
+                if os.path.isabs(item[0]):
+                    realpath = os.path.realpath(item[0])
+                    normalized = os.path.normcase(realpath)
+                    if normalized == site_packages or normalized.startswith(
+                        site_packages + os.sep
+                    ):
+                        item = realpath[len(site_packages) + 1:], item[1]
+                        # XXX else: raise ???
+            self.distribution.data_files.append(item)
+
+        try:
+            log.info("installing package data to %s", self.bdist_dir)
+            self.call_command('install_data', force=0, root=None)
+        finally:
+            self.distribution.data_files = old
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return [self.egg_output]
+
+    def call_command(self, cmdname, **kw):
+        """Invoke reinitialized command `cmdname` with keyword args"""
+        for dirname in INSTALL_DIRECTORY_ATTRS:
+            kw.setdefault(dirname, self.bdist_dir)
+        kw.setdefault('skip_build', self.skip_build)
+        kw.setdefault('dry_run', self.dry_run)
+        cmd = self.reinitialize_command(cmdname, **kw)
+        self.run_command(cmdname)
+        return cmd
+
+    def run(self):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (14)  # FIXME
+        # Generate metadata first
+        self.run_command("egg_info")
+        # We run install_lib before install_data, because some data hacks
+        # pull their data path from the install_lib command.
+        log.info("installing library code to %s", self.bdist_dir)
+        instcmd = self.get_finalized_command('install')
+        old_root = instcmd.root
+        instcmd.root = None
+        if self.distribution.has_c_libraries() and not self.skip_build:
+            self.run_command('build_clib')
+        cmd = self.call_command('install_lib', warn_dir=0)
+        instcmd.root = old_root
+
+        all_outputs, ext_outputs = self.get_ext_outputs()
+        self.stubs = []
+        to_compile = []
+        for (p, ext_name) in enumerate(ext_outputs):
+            filename, ext = os.path.splitext(ext_name)
+            pyfile = os.path.join(self.bdist_dir, strip_module(filename) +
+                                  '.py')
+            self.stubs.append(pyfile)
+            log.info("creating stub loader for %s", ext_name)
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                write_stub(os.path.basename(ext_name), pyfile)
+            to_compile.append(pyfile)
+            ext_outputs[p] = ext_name.replace(os.sep, '/')
+
+        if to_compile:
+            cmd.byte_compile(to_compile)
+        if self.distribution.data_files:
+            self.do_install_data()
+
+        # Make the EGG-INFO directory
+        archive_root = self.bdist_dir
+        egg_info = os.path.join(archive_root, 'EGG-INFO')
+        self.mkpath(egg_info)
+        if self.distribution.scripts:
+            script_dir = os.path.join(egg_info, 'scripts')
+            log.info("installing scripts to %s", script_dir)
+            self.call_command('install_scripts', install_dir=script_dir,
+                              no_ep=1)
+
+        self.copy_metadata_to(egg_info)
+        native_libs = os.path.join(egg_info, "native_libs.txt")
+        if all_outputs:
+            log.info("writing %s", native_libs)
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                ensure_directory(native_libs)
+                libs_file = open(native_libs, 'wt')
+                libs_file.write('\n'.join(all_outputs))
+                libs_file.write('\n')
+                libs_file.close()
+        elif os.path.isfile(native_libs):
+            log.info("removing %s", native_libs)
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                os.unlink(native_libs)
+
+        write_safety_flag(
+            os.path.join(archive_root, 'EGG-INFO'), self.zip_safe()
+        )
+
+        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.egg_info, 'depends.txt')):
+            log.warn(
+                "WARNING: 'depends.txt' will not be used by setuptools 0.6!\n"
+                "Use the install_requires/extras_require setup() args instead."
+            )
+
+        if self.exclude_source_files:
+            self.zap_pyfiles()
+
+        # Make the archive
+        make_zipfile(self.egg_output, archive_root, verbose=self.verbose,
+                     dry_run=self.dry_run, mode=self.gen_header())
+        if not self.keep_temp:
+            remove_tree(self.bdist_dir, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+        # Add to 'Distribution.dist_files' so that the "upload" command works
+        getattr(self.distribution, 'dist_files', []).append(
+            ('bdist_egg', get_python_version(), self.egg_output))
+
+    def zap_pyfiles(self):
+        log.info("Removing .py files from temporary directory")
+        for base, dirs, files in walk_egg(self.bdist_dir):
+            for name in files:
+                path = os.path.join(base, name)
+
+                if name.endswith('.py'):
+                    log.debug("Deleting %s", path)
+                    os.unlink(path)
+
+                if base.endswith('__pycache__'):
+                    path_old = path
+
+                    pattern = r'(?P<name>.+)\.(?P<magic>[^.]+)\.pyc'
+                    m = re.match(pattern, name)
+                    path_new = os.path.join(
+                        base, os.pardir, m.group('name') + '.pyc')
+                    log.info(
+                        "Renaming file from [%s] to [%s]"
+                        % (path_old, path_new))
+                    try:
+                        os.remove(path_new)
+                    except OSError:
+                        pass
+                    os.rename(path_old, path_new)
+
+    def zip_safe(self):
+        safe = getattr(self.distribution, 'zip_safe', None)
+        if safe is not None:
+            return safe
+        log.warn("zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...")
+        return analyze_egg(self.bdist_dir, self.stubs)
+
+    def gen_header(self):
+        return 'w'
+
+    def copy_metadata_to(self, target_dir):
+        "Copy metadata (egg info) to the target_dir"
+        # normalize the path (so that a forward-slash in egg_info will
+        # match using startswith below)
+        norm_egg_info = os.path.normpath(self.egg_info)
+        prefix = os.path.join(norm_egg_info, '')
+        for path in self.ei_cmd.filelist.files:
+            if path.startswith(prefix):
+                target = os.path.join(target_dir, path[len(prefix):])
+                ensure_directory(target)
+                self.copy_file(path, target)
+
+    def get_ext_outputs(self):
+        """Get a list of relative paths to C extensions in the output distro"""
+
+        all_outputs = []
+        ext_outputs = []
+
+        paths = {self.bdist_dir: ''}
+        for base, dirs, files in sorted_walk(self.bdist_dir):
+            for filename in files:
+                if os.path.splitext(filename)[1].lower() in NATIVE_EXTENSIONS:
+                    all_outputs.append(paths[base] + filename)
+            for filename in dirs:
+                paths[os.path.join(base, filename)] = (paths[base] +
+                                                       filename + '/')
+
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            build_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('build_ext')
+            for ext in build_cmd.extensions:
+                if isinstance(ext, Library):
+                    continue
+                fullname = build_cmd.get_ext_fullname(ext.name)
+                filename = build_cmd.get_ext_filename(fullname)
+                if not os.path.basename(filename).startswith('dl-'):
+                    if os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.bdist_dir, filename)):
+                        ext_outputs.append(filename)
+
+        return all_outputs, ext_outputs
+
+
+NATIVE_EXTENSIONS = dict.fromkeys('.dll .so .dylib .pyd'.split())
+
+
+def walk_egg(egg_dir):
+    """Walk an unpacked egg's contents, skipping the metadata directory"""
+    walker = sorted_walk(egg_dir)
+    base, dirs, files = next(walker)
+    if 'EGG-INFO' in dirs:
+        dirs.remove('EGG-INFO')
+    yield base, dirs, files
+    for bdf in walker:
+        yield bdf
+
+
+def analyze_egg(egg_dir, stubs):
+    # check for existing flag in EGG-INFO
+    for flag, fn in safety_flags.items():
+        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(egg_dir, 'EGG-INFO', fn)):
+            return flag
+    if not can_scan():
+        return False
+    safe = True
+    for base, dirs, files in walk_egg(egg_dir):
+        for name in files:
+            if name.endswith('.py') or name.endswith('.pyw'):
+                continue
+            elif name.endswith('.pyc') or name.endswith('.pyo'):
+                # always scan, even if we already know we're not safe
+                safe = scan_module(egg_dir, base, name, stubs) and safe
+    return safe
+
+
+def write_safety_flag(egg_dir, safe):
+    # Write or remove zip safety flag file(s)
+    for flag, fn in safety_flags.items():
+        fn = os.path.join(egg_dir, fn)
+        if os.path.exists(fn):
+            if safe is None or bool(safe) != flag:
+                os.unlink(fn)
+        elif safe is not None and bool(safe) == flag:
+            f = open(fn, 'wt')
+            f.write('\n')
+            f.close()
+
+
+safety_flags = {
+    True: 'zip-safe',
+    False: 'not-zip-safe',
+}
+
+
+def scan_module(egg_dir, base, name, stubs):
+    """Check whether module possibly uses unsafe-for-zipfile stuff"""
+
+    filename = os.path.join(base, name)
+    if filename[:-1] in stubs:
+        return True  # Extension module
+    pkg = base[len(egg_dir) + 1:].replace(os.sep, '.')
+    module = pkg + (pkg and '.' or '') + os.path.splitext(name)[0]
+    if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+        skip = 12  # skip magic & date & file size
+    else:
+        skip = 16  # skip magic & reserved? & date & file size
+    f = open(filename, 'rb')
+    f.read(skip)
+    code = marshal.load(f)
+    f.close()
+    safe = True
+    symbols = dict.fromkeys(iter_symbols(code))
+    for bad in ['__file__', '__path__']:
+        if bad in symbols:
+            log.warn("%s: module references %s", module, bad)
+            safe = False
+    if 'inspect' in symbols:
+        for bad in [
+            'getsource', 'getabsfile', 'getsourcefile', 'getfile'
+            'getsourcelines', 'findsource', 'getcomments', 'getframeinfo',
+            'getinnerframes', 'getouterframes', 'stack', 'trace'
+        ]:
+            if bad in symbols:
+                log.warn("%s: module MAY be using inspect.%s", module, bad)
+                safe = False
+    return safe
+
+
+def iter_symbols(code):
+    """Yield names and strings used by `code` and its nested code objects"""
+    for name in code.co_names:
+        yield name
+    for const in code.co_consts:
+        if isinstance(const, str):
+            yield const
+        elif isinstance(const, CodeType):
+            for name in iter_symbols(const):
+                yield name
+
+
+def can_scan():
+    if not sys.platform.startswith('java') and sys.platform != 'cli':
+        # CPython, PyPy, etc.
+        return True
+    log.warn("Unable to analyze compiled code on this platform.")
+    log.warn("Please ask the author to include a 'zip_safe'"
+             " setting (either True or False) in the package's setup.py")
+
+
+# Attribute names of options for commands that might need to be convinced to
+# install to the egg build directory
+
+INSTALL_DIRECTORY_ATTRS = [
+    'install_lib', 'install_dir', 'install_data', 'install_base'
+]
+
+
+def make_zipfile(zip_filename, base_dir, verbose=0, dry_run=0, compress=True,
+                 mode='w'):
+    """Create a zip file from all the files under 'base_dir'.  The output
+    zip file will be named 'base_dir' + ".zip".  Uses either the "zipfile"
+    Python module (if available) or the InfoZIP "zip" utility (if installed
+    and found on the default search path).  If neither tool is available,
+    raises DistutilsExecError.  Returns the name of the output zip file.
+    """
+    import zipfile
+
+    mkpath(os.path.dirname(zip_filename), dry_run=dry_run)
+    log.info("creating '%s' and adding '%s' to it", zip_filename, base_dir)
+
+    def visit(z, dirname, names):
+        for name in names:
+            path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(dirname, name))
+            if os.path.isfile(path):
+                p = path[len(base_dir) + 1:]
+                if not dry_run:
+                    z.write(path, p)
+                log.debug("adding '%s'", p)
+
+    compression = zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED if compress else zipfile.ZIP_STORED
+    if not dry_run:
+        z = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_filename, mode, compression=compression)
+        for dirname, dirs, files in sorted_walk(base_dir):
+            visit(z, dirname, files)
+        z.close()
+    else:
+        for dirname, dirs, files in sorted_walk(base_dir):
+            visit(None, dirname, files)
+    return zip_filename
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_rpm.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_rpm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98bf5de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_rpm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import distutils.command.bdist_rpm as orig
+import warnings
+
+from setuptools import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+
+class bdist_rpm(orig.bdist_rpm):
+    """
+    Override the default bdist_rpm behavior to do the following:
+
+    1. Run egg_info to ensure the name and version are properly calculated.
+    2. Always run 'install' using --single-version-externally-managed to
+       disable eggs in RPM distributions.
+    """
+
+    def run(self):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "bdist_rpm is deprecated and will be removed in a future "
+            "version. Use bdist_wheel (wheel packages) instead.",
+            SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+        # ensure distro name is up-to-date
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+
+        orig.bdist_rpm.run(self)
+
+    def _make_spec_file(self):
+        spec = orig.bdist_rpm._make_spec_file(self)
+        spec = [
+            line.replace(
+                "setup.py install ",
+                "setup.py install --single-version-externally-managed "
+            ).replace(
+                "%setup",
+                "%setup -n %{name}-%{unmangled_version}"
+            )
+            for line in spec
+        ]
+        return spec
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_clib.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_clib.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67ce244
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_clib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import distutils.command.build_clib as orig
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsSetupError
+from distutils import log
+from setuptools.dep_util import newer_pairwise_group
+
+
+class build_clib(orig.build_clib):
+    """
+    Override the default build_clib behaviour to do the following:
+
+    1. Implement a rudimentary timestamp-based dependency system
+       so 'compile()' doesn't run every time.
+    2. Add more keys to the 'build_info' dictionary:
+        * obj_deps - specify dependencies for each object compiled.
+                     this should be a dictionary mapping a key
+                     with the source filename to a list of
+                     dependencies. Use an empty string for global
+                     dependencies.
+        * cflags   - specify a list of additional flags to pass to
+                     the compiler.
+    """
+
+    def build_libraries(self, libraries):
+        for (lib_name, build_info) in libraries:
+            sources = build_info.get('sources')
+            if sources is None or not isinstance(sources, (list, tuple)):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                    "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                    "'sources' must be present and must be "
+                    "a list of source filenames" % lib_name)
+            sources = list(sources)
+
+            log.info("building '%s' library", lib_name)
+
+            # Make sure everything is the correct type.
+            # obj_deps should be a dictionary of keys as sources
+            # and a list/tuple of files that are its dependencies.
+            obj_deps = build_info.get('obj_deps', dict())
+            if not isinstance(obj_deps, dict):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                    "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                    "'obj_deps' must be a dictionary of "
+                    "type 'source: list'" % lib_name)
+            dependencies = []
+
+            # Get the global dependencies that are specified by the '' key.
+            # These will go into every source's dependency list.
+            global_deps = obj_deps.get('', list())
+            if not isinstance(global_deps, (list, tuple)):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                    "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                    "'obj_deps' must be a dictionary of "
+                    "type 'source: list'" % lib_name)
+
+            # Build the list to be used by newer_pairwise_group
+            # each source will be auto-added to its dependencies.
+            for source in sources:
+                src_deps = [source]
+                src_deps.extend(global_deps)
+                extra_deps = obj_deps.get(source, list())
+                if not isinstance(extra_deps, (list, tuple)):
+                    raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                        "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                        "'obj_deps' must be a dictionary of "
+                        "type 'source: list'" % lib_name)
+                src_deps.extend(extra_deps)
+                dependencies.append(src_deps)
+
+            expected_objects = self.compiler.object_filenames(
+                sources,
+                output_dir=self.build_temp,
+            )
+
+            if (
+                newer_pairwise_group(dependencies, expected_objects)
+                != ([], [])
+            ):
+                # First, compile the source code to object files in the library
+                # directory.  (This should probably change to putting object
+                # files in a temporary build directory.)
+                macros = build_info.get('macros')
+                include_dirs = build_info.get('include_dirs')
+                cflags = build_info.get('cflags')
+                self.compiler.compile(
+                    sources,
+                    output_dir=self.build_temp,
+                    macros=macros,
+                    include_dirs=include_dirs,
+                    extra_postargs=cflags,
+                    debug=self.debug
+                )
+
+            # Now "link" the object files together into a static library.
+            # (On Unix at least, this isn't really linking -- it just
+            # builds an archive.  Whatever.)
+            self.compiler.create_static_lib(
+                expected_objects,
+                lib_name,
+                output_dir=self.build_clib,
+                debug=self.debug
+            )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c59eff8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import itertools
+from importlib.machinery import EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+from distutils.command.build_ext import build_ext as _du_build_ext
+from distutils.file_util import copy_file
+from distutils.ccompiler import new_compiler
+from distutils.sysconfig import customize_compiler, get_config_var
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+from distutils import log
+
+from setuptools.extension import Library
+
+try:
+    # Attempt to use Cython for building extensions, if available
+    from Cython.Distutils.build_ext import build_ext as _build_ext
+    # Additionally, assert that the compiler module will load
+    # also. Ref #1229.
+    __import__('Cython.Compiler.Main')
+except ImportError:
+    _build_ext = _du_build_ext
+
+# make sure _config_vars is initialized
+get_config_var("LDSHARED")
+from distutils.sysconfig import _config_vars as _CONFIG_VARS  # noqa
+
+
+def _customize_compiler_for_shlib(compiler):
+    if sys.platform == "darwin":
+        # building .dylib requires additional compiler flags on OSX; here we
+        # temporarily substitute the pyconfig.h variables so that distutils'
+        # 'customize_compiler' uses them before we build the shared libraries.
+        tmp = _CONFIG_VARS.copy()
+        try:
+            # XXX Help!  I don't have any idea whether these are right...
+            _CONFIG_VARS['LDSHARED'] = (
+                "gcc -Wl,-x -dynamiclib -undefined dynamic_lookup")
+            _CONFIG_VARS['CCSHARED'] = " -dynamiclib"
+            _CONFIG_VARS['SO'] = ".dylib"
+            customize_compiler(compiler)
+        finally:
+            _CONFIG_VARS.clear()
+            _CONFIG_VARS.update(tmp)
+    else:
+        customize_compiler(compiler)
+
+
+have_rtld = False
+use_stubs = False
+libtype = 'shared'
+
+if sys.platform == "darwin":
+    use_stubs = True
+elif os.name != 'nt':
+    try:
+        import dl
+        use_stubs = have_rtld = hasattr(dl, 'RTLD_NOW')
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+
+def if_dl(s):
+    return s if have_rtld else ''
+
+
+def get_abi3_suffix():
+    """Return the file extension for an abi3-compliant Extension()"""
+    for suffix in EXTENSION_SUFFIXES:
+        if '.abi3' in suffix:  # Unix
+            return suffix
+        elif suffix == '.pyd':  # Windows
+            return suffix
+
+
+class build_ext(_build_ext):
+    def run(self):
+        """Build extensions in build directory, then copy if --inplace"""
+        old_inplace, self.inplace = self.inplace, 0
+        _build_ext.run(self)
+        self.inplace = old_inplace
+        if old_inplace:
+            self.copy_extensions_to_source()
+
+    def copy_extensions_to_source(self):
+        build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            fullname = self.get_ext_fullname(ext.name)
+            filename = self.get_ext_filename(fullname)
+            modpath = fullname.split('.')
+            package = '.'.join(modpath[:-1])
+            package_dir = build_py.get_package_dir(package)
+            dest_filename = os.path.join(package_dir,
+                                         os.path.basename(filename))
+            src_filename = os.path.join(self.build_lib, filename)
+
+            # Always copy, even if source is older than destination, to ensure
+            # that the right extensions for the current Python/platform are
+            # used.
+            copy_file(
+                src_filename, dest_filename, verbose=self.verbose,
+                dry_run=self.dry_run
+            )
+            if ext._needs_stub:
+                self.write_stub(package_dir or os.curdir, ext, True)
+
+    def get_ext_filename(self, fullname):
+        so_ext = os.getenv('SETUPTOOLS_EXT_SUFFIX')
+        if so_ext:
+            filename = os.path.join(*fullname.split('.')) + so_ext
+        else:
+            filename = _build_ext.get_ext_filename(self, fullname)
+            so_ext = get_config_var('EXT_SUFFIX')
+
+        if fullname in self.ext_map:
+            ext = self.ext_map[fullname]
+            use_abi3 = getattr(ext, 'py_limited_api') and get_abi3_suffix()
+            if use_abi3:
+                filename = filename[:-len(so_ext)]
+                so_ext = get_abi3_suffix()
+                filename = filename + so_ext
+            if isinstance(ext, Library):
+                fn, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+                return self.shlib_compiler.library_filename(fn, libtype)
+            elif use_stubs and ext._links_to_dynamic:
+                d, fn = os.path.split(filename)
+                return os.path.join(d, 'dl-' + fn)
+        return filename
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        _build_ext.initialize_options(self)
+        self.shlib_compiler = None
+        self.shlibs = []
+        self.ext_map = {}
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        _build_ext.finalize_options(self)
+        self.extensions = self.extensions or []
+        self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions)
+        self.shlibs = [ext for ext in self.extensions
+                       if isinstance(ext, Library)]
+        if self.shlibs:
+            self.setup_shlib_compiler()
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            ext._full_name = self.get_ext_fullname(ext.name)
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            fullname = ext._full_name
+            self.ext_map[fullname] = ext
+
+            # distutils 3.1 will also ask for module names
+            # XXX what to do with conflicts?
+            self.ext_map[fullname.split('.')[-1]] = ext
+
+            ltd = self.shlibs and self.links_to_dynamic(ext) or False
+            ns = ltd and use_stubs and not isinstance(ext, Library)
+            ext._links_to_dynamic = ltd
+            ext._needs_stub = ns
+            filename = ext._file_name = self.get_ext_filename(fullname)
+            libdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.join(self.build_lib, filename))
+            if ltd and libdir not in ext.library_dirs:
+                ext.library_dirs.append(libdir)
+            if ltd and use_stubs and os.curdir not in ext.runtime_library_dirs:
+                ext.runtime_library_dirs.append(os.curdir)
+
+    def setup_shlib_compiler(self):
+        compiler = self.shlib_compiler = new_compiler(
+            compiler=self.compiler, dry_run=self.dry_run, force=self.force
+        )
+        _customize_compiler_for_shlib(compiler)
+
+        if self.include_dirs is not None:
+            compiler.set_include_dirs(self.include_dirs)
+        if self.define is not None:
+            # 'define' option is a list of (name,value) tuples
+            for (name, value) in self.define:
+                compiler.define_macro(name, value)
+        if self.undef is not None:
+            for macro in self.undef:
+                compiler.undefine_macro(macro)
+        if self.libraries is not None:
+            compiler.set_libraries(self.libraries)
+        if self.library_dirs is not None:
+            compiler.set_library_dirs(self.library_dirs)
+        if self.rpath is not None:
+            compiler.set_runtime_library_dirs(self.rpath)
+        if self.link_objects is not None:
+            compiler.set_link_objects(self.link_objects)
+
+        # hack so distutils' build_extension() builds a library instead
+        compiler.link_shared_object = link_shared_object.__get__(compiler)
+
+    def get_export_symbols(self, ext):
+        if isinstance(ext, Library):
+            return ext.export_symbols
+        return _build_ext.get_export_symbols(self, ext)
+
+    def build_extension(self, ext):
+        ext._convert_pyx_sources_to_lang()
+        _compiler = self.compiler
+        try:
+            if isinstance(ext, Library):
+                self.compiler = self.shlib_compiler
+            _build_ext.build_extension(self, ext)
+            if ext._needs_stub:
+                cmd = self.get_finalized_command('build_py').build_lib
+                self.write_stub(cmd, ext)
+        finally:
+            self.compiler = _compiler
+
+    def links_to_dynamic(self, ext):
+        """Return true if 'ext' links to a dynamic lib in the same package"""
+        # XXX this should check to ensure the lib is actually being built
+        # XXX as dynamic, and not just using a locally-found version or a
+        # XXX static-compiled version
+        libnames = dict.fromkeys([lib._full_name for lib in self.shlibs])
+        pkg = '.'.join(ext._full_name.split('.')[:-1] + [''])
+        return any(pkg + libname in libnames for libname in ext.libraries)
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return _build_ext.get_outputs(self) + self.__get_stubs_outputs()
+
+    def __get_stubs_outputs(self):
+        # assemble the base name for each extension that needs a stub
+        ns_ext_bases = (
+            os.path.join(self.build_lib, *ext._full_name.split('.'))
+            for ext in self.extensions
+            if ext._needs_stub
+        )
+        # pair each base with the extension
+        pairs = itertools.product(ns_ext_bases, self.__get_output_extensions())
+        return list(base + fnext for base, fnext in pairs)
+
+    def __get_output_extensions(self):
+        yield '.py'
+        yield '.pyc'
+        if self.get_finalized_command('build_py').optimize:
+            yield '.pyo'
+
+    def write_stub(self, output_dir, ext, compile=False):
+        log.info("writing stub loader for %s to %s", ext._full_name,
+                 output_dir)
+        stub_file = (os.path.join(output_dir, *ext._full_name.split('.')) +
+                     '.py')
+        if compile and os.path.exists(stub_file):
+            raise DistutilsError(stub_file + " already exists! Please delete.")
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            f = open(stub_file, 'w')
+            f.write(
+                '\n'.join([
+                    "def __bootstrap__():",
+                    "   global __bootstrap__, __file__, __loader__",
+                    "   import sys, os, pkg_resources, importlib.util" +
+                    if_dl(", dl"),
+                    "   __file__ = pkg_resources.resource_filename"
+                    "(__name__,%r)"
+                    % os.path.basename(ext._file_name),
+                    "   del __bootstrap__",
+                    "   if '__loader__' in globals():",
+                    "       del __loader__",
+                    if_dl("   old_flags = sys.getdlopenflags()"),
+                    "   old_dir = os.getcwd()",
+                    "   try:",
+                    "     os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__))",
+                    if_dl("     sys.setdlopenflags(dl.RTLD_NOW)"),
+                    "     spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(",
+                    "                __name__, __file__)",
+                    "     mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)",
+                    "     spec.loader.exec_module(mod)",
+                    "   finally:",
+                    if_dl("     sys.setdlopenflags(old_flags)"),
+                    "     os.chdir(old_dir)",
+                    "__bootstrap__()",
+                    ""  # terminal \n
+                ])
+            )
+            f.close()
+        if compile:
+            from distutils.util import byte_compile
+
+            byte_compile([stub_file], optimize=0,
+                         force=True, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+            optimize = self.get_finalized_command('install_lib').optimize
+            if optimize > 0:
+                byte_compile([stub_file], optimize=optimize,
+                             force=True, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+            if os.path.exists(stub_file) and not self.dry_run:
+                os.unlink(stub_file)
+
+
+if use_stubs or os.name == 'nt':
+    # Build shared libraries
+    #
+    def link_shared_object(
+            self, objects, output_libname, output_dir=None, libraries=None,
+            library_dirs=None, runtime_library_dirs=None, export_symbols=None,
+            debug=0, extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None, build_temp=None,
+            target_lang=None):
+        self.link(
+            self.SHARED_LIBRARY, objects, output_libname,
+            output_dir, libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs,
+            export_symbols, debug, extra_preargs, extra_postargs,
+            build_temp, target_lang
+        )
+else:
+    # Build static libraries everywhere else
+    libtype = 'static'
+
+    def link_shared_object(
+            self, objects, output_libname, output_dir=None, libraries=None,
+            library_dirs=None, runtime_library_dirs=None, export_symbols=None,
+            debug=0, extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None, build_temp=None,
+            target_lang=None):
+        # XXX we need to either disallow these attrs on Library instances,
+        # or warn/abort here if set, or something...
+        # libraries=None, library_dirs=None, runtime_library_dirs=None,
+        # export_symbols=None, extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None,
+        # build_temp=None
+
+        assert output_dir is None  # distutils build_ext doesn't pass this
+        output_dir, filename = os.path.split(output_libname)
+        basename, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+        if self.library_filename("x").startswith('lib'):
+            # strip 'lib' prefix; this is kludgy if some platform uses
+            # a different prefix
+            basename = basename[3:]
+
+        self.create_static_lib(
+            objects, basename, output_dir, debug, target_lang
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_py.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_py.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3fdc09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_py.py
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+from glob import glob
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+import distutils.command.build_py as orig
+import os
+import fnmatch
+import textwrap
+import io
+import distutils.errors
+import itertools
+import stat
+from setuptools.extern.more_itertools import unique_everseen
+
+
+def make_writable(target):
+    os.chmod(target, os.stat(target).st_mode | stat.S_IWRITE)
+
+
+class build_py(orig.build_py):
+    """Enhanced 'build_py' command that includes data files with packages
+
+    The data files are specified via a 'package_data' argument to 'setup()'.
+    See 'setuptools.dist.Distribution' for more details.
+
+    Also, this version of the 'build_py' command allows you to specify both
+    'py_modules' and 'packages' in the same setup operation.
+    """
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        orig.build_py.finalize_options(self)
+        self.package_data = self.distribution.package_data
+        self.exclude_package_data = self.distribution.exclude_package_data or {}
+        if 'data_files' in self.__dict__:
+            del self.__dict__['data_files']
+        self.__updated_files = []
+
+    def run(self):
+        """Build modules, packages, and copy data files to build directory"""
+        if not self.py_modules and not self.packages:
+            return
+
+        if self.py_modules:
+            self.build_modules()
+
+        if self.packages:
+            self.build_packages()
+            self.build_package_data()
+
+        # Only compile actual .py files, using our base class' idea of what our
+        # output files are.
+        self.byte_compile(orig.build_py.get_outputs(self, include_bytecode=0))
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        "lazily compute data files"
+        if attr == 'data_files':
+            self.data_files = self._get_data_files()
+            return self.data_files
+        return orig.build_py.__getattr__(self, attr)
+
+    def build_module(self, module, module_file, package):
+        outfile, copied = orig.build_py.build_module(self, module, module_file, package)
+        if copied:
+            self.__updated_files.append(outfile)
+        return outfile, copied
+
+    def _get_data_files(self):
+        """Generate list of '(package,src_dir,build_dir,filenames)' tuples"""
+        self.analyze_manifest()
+        return list(map(self._get_pkg_data_files, self.packages or ()))
+
+    def get_data_files_without_manifest(self):
+        """
+        Generate list of ``(package,src_dir,build_dir,filenames)`` tuples,
+        but without triggering any attempt to analyze or build the manifest.
+        """
+        # Prevent eventual errors from unset `manifest_files`
+        # (that would otherwise be set by `analyze_manifest`)
+        self.__dict__.setdefault('manifest_files', {})
+        return list(map(self._get_pkg_data_files, self.packages or ()))
+
+    def _get_pkg_data_files(self, package):
+        # Locate package source directory
+        src_dir = self.get_package_dir(package)
+
+        # Compute package build directory
+        build_dir = os.path.join(*([self.build_lib] + package.split('.')))
+
+        # Strip directory from globbed filenames
+        filenames = [
+            os.path.relpath(file, src_dir)
+            for file in self.find_data_files(package, src_dir)
+        ]
+        return package, src_dir, build_dir, filenames
+
+    def find_data_files(self, package, src_dir):
+        """Return filenames for package's data files in 'src_dir'"""
+        patterns = self._get_platform_patterns(
+            self.package_data,
+            package,
+            src_dir,
+        )
+        globs_expanded = map(glob, patterns)
+        # flatten the expanded globs into an iterable of matches
+        globs_matches = itertools.chain.from_iterable(globs_expanded)
+        glob_files = filter(os.path.isfile, globs_matches)
+        files = itertools.chain(
+            self.manifest_files.get(package, []),
+            glob_files,
+        )
+        return self.exclude_data_files(package, src_dir, files)
+
+    def build_package_data(self):
+        """Copy data files into build directory"""
+        for package, src_dir, build_dir, filenames in self.data_files:
+            for filename in filenames:
+                target = os.path.join(build_dir, filename)
+                self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(target))
+                srcfile = os.path.join(src_dir, filename)
+                outf, copied = self.copy_file(srcfile, target)
+                make_writable(target)
+                srcfile = os.path.abspath(srcfile)
+
+    def analyze_manifest(self):
+        self.manifest_files = mf = {}
+        if not self.distribution.include_package_data:
+            return
+        src_dirs = {}
+        for package in self.packages or ():
+            # Locate package source directory
+            src_dirs[assert_relative(self.get_package_dir(package))] = package
+
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('egg_info')
+        for path in ei_cmd.filelist.files:
+            d, f = os.path.split(assert_relative(path))
+            prev = None
+            oldf = f
+            while d and d != prev and d not in src_dirs:
+                prev = d
+                d, df = os.path.split(d)
+                f = os.path.join(df, f)
+            if d in src_dirs:
+                if path.endswith('.py') and f == oldf:
+                    continue  # it's a module, not data
+                mf.setdefault(src_dirs[d], []).append(path)
+
+    def get_data_files(self):
+        pass  # Lazily compute data files in _get_data_files() function.
+
+    def check_package(self, package, package_dir):
+        """Check namespace packages' __init__ for declare_namespace"""
+        try:
+            return self.packages_checked[package]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+
+        init_py = orig.build_py.check_package(self, package, package_dir)
+        self.packages_checked[package] = init_py
+
+        if not init_py or not self.distribution.namespace_packages:
+            return init_py
+
+        for pkg in self.distribution.namespace_packages:
+            if pkg == package or pkg.startswith(package + '.'):
+                break
+        else:
+            return init_py
+
+        with io.open(init_py, 'rb') as f:
+            contents = f.read()
+        if b'declare_namespace' not in contents:
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsError(
+                "Namespace package problem: %s is a namespace package, but "
+                "its\n__init__.py does not call declare_namespace()! Please "
+                'fix it.\n(See the setuptools manual under '
+                '"Namespace Packages" for details.)\n"' % (package,)
+            )
+        return init_py
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.packages_checked = {}
+        orig.build_py.initialize_options(self)
+
+    def get_package_dir(self, package):
+        res = orig.build_py.get_package_dir(self, package)
+        if self.distribution.src_root is not None:
+            return os.path.join(self.distribution.src_root, res)
+        return res
+
+    def exclude_data_files(self, package, src_dir, files):
+        """Filter filenames for package's data files in 'src_dir'"""
+        files = list(files)
+        patterns = self._get_platform_patterns(
+            self.exclude_package_data,
+            package,
+            src_dir,
+        )
+        match_groups = (fnmatch.filter(files, pattern) for pattern in patterns)
+        # flatten the groups of matches into an iterable of matches
+        matches = itertools.chain.from_iterable(match_groups)
+        bad = set(matches)
+        keepers = (fn for fn in files if fn not in bad)
+        # ditch dupes
+        return list(unique_everseen(keepers))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_platform_patterns(spec, package, src_dir):
+        """
+        yield platform-specific path patterns (suitable for glob
+        or fn_match) from a glob-based spec (such as
+        self.package_data or self.exclude_package_data)
+        matching package in src_dir.
+        """
+        raw_patterns = itertools.chain(
+            spec.get('', []),
+            spec.get(package, []),
+        )
+        return (
+            # Each pattern has to be converted to a platform-specific path
+            os.path.join(src_dir, convert_path(pattern))
+            for pattern in raw_patterns
+        )
+
+
+def assert_relative(path):
+    if not os.path.isabs(path):
+        return path
+    from distutils.errors import DistutilsSetupError
+
+    msg = (
+        textwrap.dedent(
+            """
+        Error: setup script specifies an absolute path:
+
+            %s
+
+        setup() arguments must *always* be /-separated paths relative to the
+        setup.py directory, *never* absolute paths.
+        """
+        ).lstrip()
+        % path
+    )
+    raise DistutilsSetupError(msg)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/develop.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/develop.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24fb0a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/develop.py
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError, DistutilsOptionError
+import os
+import glob
+import io
+
+import pkg_resources
+from setuptools.command.easy_install import easy_install
+from setuptools import namespaces
+import setuptools
+
+
+class develop(namespaces.DevelopInstaller, easy_install):
+    """Set up package for development"""
+
+    description = "install package in 'development mode'"
+
+    user_options = easy_install.user_options + [
+        ("uninstall", "u", "Uninstall this source package"),
+        ("egg-path=", None, "Set the path to be used in the .egg-link file"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = easy_install.boolean_options + ['uninstall']
+
+    command_consumes_arguments = False  # override base
+
+    def run(self):
+        if self.uninstall:
+            self.multi_version = True
+            self.uninstall_link()
+            self.uninstall_namespaces()
+        else:
+            self.install_for_development()
+        self.warn_deprecated_options()
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.uninstall = None
+        self.egg_path = None
+        easy_install.initialize_options(self)
+        self.setup_path = None
+        self.always_copy_from = '.'  # always copy eggs installed in curdir
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        ei = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+        if ei.broken_egg_info:
+            template = "Please rename %r to %r before using 'develop'"
+            args = ei.egg_info, ei.broken_egg_info
+            raise DistutilsError(template % args)
+        self.args = [ei.egg_name]
+
+        easy_install.finalize_options(self)
+        self.expand_basedirs()
+        self.expand_dirs()
+        # pick up setup-dir .egg files only: no .egg-info
+        self.package_index.scan(glob.glob('*.egg'))
+
+        egg_link_fn = ei.egg_name + '.egg-link'
+        self.egg_link = os.path.join(self.install_dir, egg_link_fn)
+        self.egg_base = ei.egg_base
+        if self.egg_path is None:
+            self.egg_path = os.path.abspath(ei.egg_base)
+
+        target = pkg_resources.normalize_path(self.egg_base)
+        egg_path = pkg_resources.normalize_path(
+            os.path.join(self.install_dir, self.egg_path)
+        )
+        if egg_path != target:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "--egg-path must be a relative path from the install"
+                " directory to " + target
+            )
+
+        # Make a distribution for the package's source
+        self.dist = pkg_resources.Distribution(
+            target,
+            pkg_resources.PathMetadata(target, os.path.abspath(ei.egg_info)),
+            project_name=ei.egg_name,
+        )
+
+        self.setup_path = self._resolve_setup_path(
+            self.egg_base,
+            self.install_dir,
+            self.egg_path,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _resolve_setup_path(egg_base, install_dir, egg_path):
+        """
+        Generate a path from egg_base back to '.' where the
+        setup script resides and ensure that path points to the
+        setup path from $install_dir/$egg_path.
+        """
+        path_to_setup = egg_base.replace(os.sep, '/').rstrip('/')
+        if path_to_setup != os.curdir:
+            path_to_setup = '../' * (path_to_setup.count('/') + 1)
+        resolved = pkg_resources.normalize_path(
+            os.path.join(install_dir, egg_path, path_to_setup)
+        )
+        if resolved != pkg_resources.normalize_path(os.curdir):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Can't get a consistent path to setup script from"
+                " installation directory",
+                resolved,
+                pkg_resources.normalize_path(os.curdir),
+            )
+        return path_to_setup
+
+    def install_for_development(self):
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+
+        # Build extensions in-place
+        self.reinitialize_command('build_ext', inplace=1)
+        self.run_command('build_ext')
+
+        if setuptools.bootstrap_install_from:
+            self.easy_install(setuptools.bootstrap_install_from)
+            setuptools.bootstrap_install_from = None
+
+        self.install_namespaces()
+
+        # create an .egg-link in the installation dir, pointing to our egg
+        log.info("Creating %s (link to %s)", self.egg_link, self.egg_base)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            with open(self.egg_link, "w") as f:
+                f.write(self.egg_path + "\n" + self.setup_path)
+        # postprocess the installed distro, fixing up .pth, installing scripts,
+        # and handling requirements
+        self.process_distribution(None, self.dist, not self.no_deps)
+
+    def uninstall_link(self):
+        if os.path.exists(self.egg_link):
+            log.info("Removing %s (link to %s)", self.egg_link, self.egg_base)
+            egg_link_file = open(self.egg_link)
+            contents = [line.rstrip() for line in egg_link_file]
+            egg_link_file.close()
+            if contents not in ([self.egg_path], [self.egg_path, self.setup_path]):
+                log.warn("Link points to %s: uninstall aborted", contents)
+                return
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                os.unlink(self.egg_link)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            self.update_pth(self.dist)  # remove any .pth link to us
+        if self.distribution.scripts:
+            # XXX should also check for entry point scripts!
+            log.warn("Note: you must uninstall or replace scripts manually!")
+
+    def install_egg_scripts(self, dist):
+        if dist is not self.dist:
+            # Installing a dependency, so fall back to normal behavior
+            return easy_install.install_egg_scripts(self, dist)
+
+        # create wrapper scripts in the script dir, pointing to dist.scripts
+
+        # new-style...
+        self.install_wrapper_scripts(dist)
+
+        # ...and old-style
+        for script_name in self.distribution.scripts or []:
+            script_path = os.path.abspath(convert_path(script_name))
+            script_name = os.path.basename(script_path)
+            with io.open(script_path) as strm:
+                script_text = strm.read()
+            self.install_script(dist, script_name, script_text, script_path)
+
+    def install_wrapper_scripts(self, dist):
+        dist = VersionlessRequirement(dist)
+        return easy_install.install_wrapper_scripts(self, dist)
+
+
+class VersionlessRequirement:
+    """
+    Adapt a pkg_resources.Distribution to simply return the project
+    name as the 'requirement' so that scripts will work across
+    multiple versions.
+
+    >>> from pkg_resources import Distribution
+    >>> dist = Distribution(project_name='foo', version='1.0')
+    >>> str(dist.as_requirement())
+    'foo==1.0'
+    >>> adapted_dist = VersionlessRequirement(dist)
+    >>> str(adapted_dist.as_requirement())
+    'foo'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, dist):
+        self.__dist = dist
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self.__dist, name)
+
+    def as_requirement(self):
+        return self.project_name
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/dist_info.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/dist_info.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c45258f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/dist_info.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""
+Create a dist_info directory
+As defined in the wheel specification
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils import log
+
+
+class dist_info(Command):
+
+    description = 'create a .dist-info directory'
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('egg-base=', 'e', "directory containing .egg-info directories"
+                           " (default: top of the source tree)"),
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.egg_base = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        pass
+
+    def run(self):
+        egg_info = self.get_finalized_command('egg_info')
+        egg_info.egg_base = self.egg_base
+        egg_info.finalize_options()
+        egg_info.run()
+        dist_info_dir = egg_info.egg_info[:-len('.egg-info')] + '.dist-info'
+        log.info("creating '{}'".format(os.path.abspath(dist_info_dir)))
+
+        bdist_wheel = self.get_finalized_command('bdist_wheel')
+        bdist_wheel.egg2dist(egg_info.egg_info, dist_info_dir)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2962a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2304 @@
+"""
+Easy Install
+------------
+
+A tool for doing automatic download/extract/build of distutils-based Python
+packages.  For detailed documentation, see the accompanying EasyInstall.txt
+file, or visit the `EasyInstall home page`__.
+
+__ https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/deprecated/easy_install.html
+
+"""
+
+from glob import glob
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+from distutils.util import convert_path, subst_vars
+from distutils.errors import (
+    DistutilsArgError, DistutilsOptionError,
+    DistutilsError, DistutilsPlatformError,
+)
+from distutils import log, dir_util
+from distutils.command.build_scripts import first_line_re
+from distutils.spawn import find_executable
+from distutils.command import install
+import sys
+import os
+import zipimport
+import shutil
+import tempfile
+import zipfile
+import re
+import stat
+import random
+import textwrap
+import warnings
+import site
+import struct
+import contextlib
+import subprocess
+import shlex
+import io
+import configparser
+
+
+from sysconfig import get_config_vars, get_path
+
+from setuptools import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+from setuptools import Command
+from setuptools.sandbox import run_setup
+from setuptools.command import setopt
+from setuptools.archive_util import unpack_archive
+from setuptools.package_index import (
+    PackageIndex, parse_requirement_arg, URL_SCHEME,
+)
+from setuptools.command import bdist_egg, egg_info
+from setuptools.wheel import Wheel
+from pkg_resources import (
+    yield_lines, normalize_path, resource_string, ensure_directory,
+    get_distribution, find_distributions, Environment, Requirement,
+    Distribution, PathMetadata, EggMetadata, WorkingSet, DistributionNotFound,
+    VersionConflict, DEVELOP_DIST,
+)
+import pkg_resources
+
+# Turn on PEP440Warnings
+warnings.filterwarnings("default", category=pkg_resources.PEP440Warning)
+
+__all__ = [
+    'samefile', 'easy_install', 'PthDistributions', 'extract_wininst_cfg',
+    'get_exe_prefixes',
+]
+
+
+def is_64bit():
+    return struct.calcsize("P") == 8
+
+
+def samefile(p1, p2):
+    """
+    Determine if two paths reference the same file.
+
+    Augments os.path.samefile to work on Windows and
+    suppresses errors if the path doesn't exist.
+    """
+    both_exist = os.path.exists(p1) and os.path.exists(p2)
+    use_samefile = hasattr(os.path, 'samefile') and both_exist
+    if use_samefile:
+        return os.path.samefile(p1, p2)
+    norm_p1 = os.path.normpath(os.path.normcase(p1))
+    norm_p2 = os.path.normpath(os.path.normcase(p2))
+    return norm_p1 == norm_p2
+
+
+def _to_bytes(s):
+    return s.encode('utf8')
+
+
+def isascii(s):
+    try:
+        s.encode('ascii')
+        return True
+    except UnicodeError:
+        return False
+
+
+def _one_liner(text):
+    return textwrap.dedent(text).strip().replace('\n', '; ')
+
+
+class easy_install(Command):
+    """Manage a download/build/install process"""
+    description = "Find/get/install Python packages"
+    command_consumes_arguments = True
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('prefix=', None, "installation prefix"),
+        ("zip-ok", "z", "install package as a zipfile"),
+        ("multi-version", "m", "make apps have to require() a version"),
+        ("upgrade", "U", "force upgrade (searches PyPI for latest versions)"),
+        ("install-dir=", "d", "install package to DIR"),
+        ("script-dir=", "s", "install scripts to DIR"),
+        ("exclude-scripts", "x", "Don't install scripts"),
+        ("always-copy", "a", "Copy all needed packages to install dir"),
+        ("index-url=", "i", "base URL of Python Package Index"),
+        ("find-links=", "f", "additional URL(s) to search for packages"),
+        ("build-directory=", "b",
+         "download/extract/build in DIR; keep the results"),
+        ('optimize=', 'O',
+         "also compile with optimization: -O1 for \"python -O\", "
+         "-O2 for \"python -OO\", and -O0 to disable [default: -O0]"),
+        ('record=', None,
+         "filename in which to record list of installed files"),
+        ('always-unzip', 'Z', "don't install as a zipfile, no matter what"),
+        ('site-dirs=', 'S', "list of directories where .pth files work"),
+        ('editable', 'e', "Install specified packages in editable form"),
+        ('no-deps', 'N', "don't install dependencies"),
+        ('allow-hosts=', 'H', "pattern(s) that hostnames must match"),
+        ('local-snapshots-ok', 'l',
+         "allow building eggs from local checkouts"),
+        ('version', None, "print version information and exit"),
+        ('no-find-links', None,
+         "Don't load find-links defined in packages being installed"),
+        ('user', None, "install in user site-package '%s'" % site.USER_SITE)
+    ]
+    boolean_options = [
+        'zip-ok', 'multi-version', 'exclude-scripts', 'upgrade', 'always-copy',
+        'editable',
+        'no-deps', 'local-snapshots-ok', 'version',
+        'user'
+    ]
+
+    negative_opt = {'always-unzip': 'zip-ok'}
+    create_index = PackageIndex
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "easy_install command is deprecated. "
+            "Use build and pip and other standards-based tools.",
+            EasyInstallDeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+        # the --user option seems to be an opt-in one,
+        # so the default should be False.
+        self.user = 0
+        self.zip_ok = self.local_snapshots_ok = None
+        self.install_dir = self.script_dir = self.exclude_scripts = None
+        self.index_url = None
+        self.find_links = None
+        self.build_directory = None
+        self.args = None
+        self.optimize = self.record = None
+        self.upgrade = self.always_copy = self.multi_version = None
+        self.editable = self.no_deps = self.allow_hosts = None
+        self.root = self.prefix = self.no_report = None
+        self.version = None
+        self.install_purelib = None  # for pure module distributions
+        self.install_platlib = None  # non-pure (dists w/ extensions)
+        self.install_headers = None  # for C/C++ headers
+        self.install_lib = None  # set to either purelib or platlib
+        self.install_scripts = None
+        self.install_data = None
+        self.install_base = None
+        self.install_platbase = None
+        if site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+            self.install_userbase = site.USER_BASE
+            self.install_usersite = site.USER_SITE
+        else:
+            self.install_userbase = None
+            self.install_usersite = None
+        self.no_find_links = None
+
+        # Options not specifiable via command line
+        self.package_index = None
+        self.pth_file = self.always_copy_from = None
+        self.site_dirs = None
+        self.installed_projects = {}
+        # Always read easy_install options, even if we are subclassed, or have
+        # an independent instance created.  This ensures that defaults will
+        # always come from the standard configuration file(s)' "easy_install"
+        # section, even if this is a "develop" or "install" command, or some
+        # other embedding.
+        self._dry_run = None
+        self.verbose = self.distribution.verbose
+        self.distribution._set_command_options(
+            self, self.distribution.get_option_dict('easy_install')
+        )
+
+    def delete_blockers(self, blockers):
+        extant_blockers = (
+            filename for filename in blockers
+            if os.path.exists(filename) or os.path.islink(filename)
+        )
+        list(map(self._delete_path, extant_blockers))
+
+    def _delete_path(self, path):
+        log.info("Deleting %s", path)
+        if self.dry_run:
+            return
+
+        is_tree = os.path.isdir(path) and not os.path.islink(path)
+        remover = rmtree if is_tree else os.unlink
+        remover(path)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _render_version():
+        """
+        Render the Setuptools version and installation details, then exit.
+        """
+        ver = '{}.{}'.format(*sys.version_info)
+        dist = get_distribution('setuptools')
+        tmpl = 'setuptools {dist.version} from {dist.location} (Python {ver})'
+        print(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+        raise SystemExit()
+
+    def finalize_options(self):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (25)  # FIXME
+        self.version and self._render_version()
+
+        py_version = sys.version.split()[0]
+        prefix, exec_prefix = get_config_vars('prefix', 'exec_prefix')
+
+        self.config_vars = {
+            'dist_name': self.distribution.get_name(),
+            'dist_version': self.distribution.get_version(),
+            'dist_fullname': self.distribution.get_fullname(),
+            'py_version': py_version,
+            'py_version_short': f'{sys.version_info.major}.{sys.version_info.minor}',
+            'py_version_nodot': f'{sys.version_info.major}{sys.version_info.minor}',
+            'sys_prefix': prefix,
+            'prefix': prefix,
+            'sys_exec_prefix': exec_prefix,
+            'exec_prefix': exec_prefix,
+            # Only python 3.2+ has abiflags
+            'abiflags': getattr(sys, 'abiflags', ''),
+            'platlibdir': getattr(sys, 'platlibdir', 'lib'),
+        }
+        with contextlib.suppress(AttributeError):
+            # only for distutils outside stdlib
+            self.config_vars.update({
+                'implementation_lower': install._get_implementation().lower(),
+                'implementation': install._get_implementation(),
+            })
+
+        if site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+            self.config_vars['userbase'] = self.install_userbase
+            self.config_vars['usersite'] = self.install_usersite
+
+        elif self.user:
+            log.warn("WARNING: The user site-packages directory is disabled.")
+
+        self._fix_install_dir_for_user_site()
+
+        self.expand_basedirs()
+        self.expand_dirs()
+
+        self._expand(
+            'install_dir', 'script_dir', 'build_directory',
+            'site_dirs',
+        )
+        # If a non-default installation directory was specified, default the
+        # script directory to match it.
+        if self.script_dir is None:
+            self.script_dir = self.install_dir
+
+        if self.no_find_links is None:
+            self.no_find_links = False
+
+        # Let install_dir get set by install_lib command, which in turn
+        # gets its info from the install command, and takes into account
+        # --prefix and --home and all that other crud.
+        self.set_undefined_options(
+            'install_lib', ('install_dir', 'install_dir')
+        )
+        # Likewise, set default script_dir from 'install_scripts.install_dir'
+        self.set_undefined_options(
+            'install_scripts', ('install_dir', 'script_dir')
+        )
+
+        if self.user and self.install_purelib:
+            self.install_dir = self.install_purelib
+            self.script_dir = self.install_scripts
+        # default --record from the install command
+        self.set_undefined_options('install', ('record', 'record'))
+        # Should this be moved to the if statement below? It's not used
+        # elsewhere
+        normpath = map(normalize_path, sys.path)
+        self.all_site_dirs = get_site_dirs()
+        if self.site_dirs is not None:
+            site_dirs = [
+                os.path.expanduser(s.strip()) for s in
+                self.site_dirs.split(',')
+            ]
+            for d in site_dirs:
+                if not os.path.isdir(d):
+                    log.warn("%s (in --site-dirs) does not exist", d)
+                elif normalize_path(d) not in normpath:
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                        d + " (in --site-dirs) is not on sys.path"
+                    )
+                else:
+                    self.all_site_dirs.append(normalize_path(d))
+        if not self.editable:
+            self.check_site_dir()
+        self.index_url = self.index_url or "https://pypi.org/simple/"
+        self.shadow_path = self.all_site_dirs[:]
+        for path_item in self.install_dir, normalize_path(self.script_dir):
+            if path_item not in self.shadow_path:
+                self.shadow_path.insert(0, path_item)
+
+        if self.allow_hosts is not None:
+            hosts = [s.strip() for s in self.allow_hosts.split(',')]
+        else:
+            hosts = ['*']
+        if self.package_index is None:
+            self.package_index = self.create_index(
+                self.index_url, search_path=self.shadow_path, hosts=hosts,
+            )
+        self.local_index = Environment(self.shadow_path + sys.path)
+
+        if self.find_links is not None:
+            if isinstance(self.find_links, str):
+                self.find_links = self.find_links.split()
+        else:
+            self.find_links = []
+        if self.local_snapshots_ok:
+            self.package_index.scan_egg_links(self.shadow_path + sys.path)
+        if not self.no_find_links:
+            self.package_index.add_find_links(self.find_links)
+        self.set_undefined_options('install_lib', ('optimize', 'optimize'))
+        if not isinstance(self.optimize, int):
+            try:
+                self.optimize = int(self.optimize)
+                if not (0 <= self.optimize <= 2):
+                    raise ValueError
+            except ValueError as e:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                    "--optimize must be 0, 1, or 2"
+                ) from e
+
+        if self.editable and not self.build_directory:
+            raise DistutilsArgError(
+                "Must specify a build directory (-b) when using --editable"
+            )
+        if not self.args:
+            raise DistutilsArgError(
+                "No urls, filenames, or requirements specified (see --help)")
+
+        self.outputs = []
+
+    def _fix_install_dir_for_user_site(self):
+        """
+        Fix the install_dir if "--user" was used.
+        """
+        if not self.user or not site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+            return
+
+        self.create_home_path()
+        if self.install_userbase is None:
+            msg = "User base directory is not specified"
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError(msg)
+        self.install_base = self.install_platbase = self.install_userbase
+        scheme_name = f'{os.name}_user'
+        self.select_scheme(scheme_name)
+
+    def _expand_attrs(self, attrs):
+        for attr in attrs:
+            val = getattr(self, attr)
+            if val is not None:
+                if os.name == 'posix' or os.name == 'nt':
+                    val = os.path.expanduser(val)
+                val = subst_vars(val, self.config_vars)
+                setattr(self, attr, val)
+
+    def expand_basedirs(self):
+        """Calls `os.path.expanduser` on install_base, install_platbase and
+        root."""
+        self._expand_attrs(['install_base', 'install_platbase', 'root'])
+
+    def expand_dirs(self):
+        """Calls `os.path.expanduser` on install dirs."""
+        dirs = [
+            'install_purelib',
+            'install_platlib',
+            'install_lib',
+            'install_headers',
+            'install_scripts',
+            'install_data',
+        ]
+        self._expand_attrs(dirs)
+
+    def run(self, show_deprecation=True):
+        if show_deprecation:
+            self.announce(
+                "WARNING: The easy_install command is deprecated "
+                "and will be removed in a future version.",
+                log.WARN,
+            )
+        if self.verbose != self.distribution.verbose:
+            log.set_verbosity(self.verbose)
+        try:
+            for spec in self.args:
+                self.easy_install(spec, not self.no_deps)
+            if self.record:
+                outputs = self.outputs
+                if self.root:  # strip any package prefix
+                    root_len = len(self.root)
+                    for counter in range(len(outputs)):
+                        outputs[counter] = outputs[counter][root_len:]
+                from distutils import file_util
+
+                self.execute(
+                    file_util.write_file, (self.record, outputs),
+                    "writing list of installed files to '%s'" %
+                    self.record
+                )
+            self.warn_deprecated_options()
+        finally:
+            log.set_verbosity(self.distribution.verbose)
+
+    def pseudo_tempname(self):
+        """Return a pseudo-tempname base in the install directory.
+        This code is intentionally naive; if a malicious party can write to
+        the target directory you're already in deep doodoo.
+        """
+        try:
+            pid = os.getpid()
+        except Exception:
+            pid = random.randint(0, sys.maxsize)
+        return os.path.join(self.install_dir, "test-easy-install-%s" % pid)
+
+    def warn_deprecated_options(self):
+        pass
+
+    def check_site_dir(self):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (12)  # FIXME
+        """Verify that self.install_dir is .pth-capable dir, if needed"""
+
+        instdir = normalize_path(self.install_dir)
+        pth_file = os.path.join(instdir, 'easy-install.pth')
+
+        if not os.path.exists(instdir):
+            try:
+                os.makedirs(instdir)
+            except (OSError, IOError):
+                self.cant_write_to_target()
+
+        # Is it a configured, PYTHONPATH, implicit, or explicit site dir?
+        is_site_dir = instdir in self.all_site_dirs
+
+        if not is_site_dir and not self.multi_version:
+            # No?  Then directly test whether it does .pth file processing
+            is_site_dir = self.check_pth_processing()
+        else:
+            # make sure we can write to target dir
+            testfile = self.pseudo_tempname() + '.write-test'
+            test_exists = os.path.exists(testfile)
+            try:
+                if test_exists:
+                    os.unlink(testfile)
+                open(testfile, 'w').close()
+                os.unlink(testfile)
+            except (OSError, IOError):
+                self.cant_write_to_target()
+
+        if not is_site_dir and not self.multi_version:
+            # Can't install non-multi to non-site dir with easy_install
+            pythonpath = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', '')
+            log.warn(self.__no_default_msg, self.install_dir, pythonpath)
+
+        if is_site_dir:
+            if self.pth_file is None:
+                self.pth_file = PthDistributions(pth_file, self.all_site_dirs)
+        else:
+            self.pth_file = None
+
+        if self.multi_version and not os.path.exists(pth_file):
+            self.pth_file = None  # don't create a .pth file
+        self.install_dir = instdir
+
+    __cant_write_msg = textwrap.dedent("""
+        can't create or remove files in install directory
+
+        The following error occurred while trying to add or remove files in the
+        installation directory:
+
+            %s
+
+        The installation directory you specified (via --install-dir, --prefix, or
+        the distutils default setting) was:
+
+            %s
+        """).lstrip()  # noqa
+
+    __not_exists_id = textwrap.dedent("""
+        This directory does not currently exist.  Please create it and try again, or
+        choose a different installation directory (using the -d or --install-dir
+        option).
+        """).lstrip()  # noqa
+
+    __access_msg = textwrap.dedent("""
+        Perhaps your account does not have write access to this directory?  If the
+        installation directory is a system-owned directory, you may need to sign in
+        as the administrator or "root" account.  If you do not have administrative
+        access to this machine, you may wish to choose a different installation
+        directory, preferably one that is listed in your PYTHONPATH environment
+        variable.
+
+        For information on other options, you may wish to consult the
+        documentation at:
+
+          https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/deprecated/easy_install.html
+
+        Please make the appropriate changes for your system and try again.
+        """).lstrip()  # noqa
+
+    def cant_write_to_target(self):
+        msg = self.__cant_write_msg % (sys.exc_info()[1], self.install_dir,)
+
+        if not os.path.exists(self.install_dir):
+            msg += '\n' + self.__not_exists_id
+        else:
+            msg += '\n' + self.__access_msg
+        raise DistutilsError(msg)
+
+    def check_pth_processing(self):
+        """Empirically verify whether .pth files are supported in inst. dir"""
+        instdir = self.install_dir
+        log.info("Checking .pth file support in %s", instdir)
+        pth_file = self.pseudo_tempname() + ".pth"
+        ok_file = pth_file + '.ok'
+        ok_exists = os.path.exists(ok_file)
+        tmpl = _one_liner("""
+            import os
+            f = open({ok_file!r}, 'w')
+            f.write('OK')
+            f.close()
+            """) + '\n'
+        try:
+            if ok_exists:
+                os.unlink(ok_file)
+            dirname = os.path.dirname(ok_file)
+            os.makedirs(dirname, exist_ok=True)
+            f = open(pth_file, 'w')
+        except (OSError, IOError):
+            self.cant_write_to_target()
+        else:
+            try:
+                f.write(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+                f.close()
+                f = None
+                executable = sys.executable
+                if os.name == 'nt':
+                    dirname, basename = os.path.split(executable)
+                    alt = os.path.join(dirname, 'pythonw.exe')
+                    use_alt = (
+                        basename.lower() == 'python.exe' and
+                        os.path.exists(alt)
+                    )
+                    if use_alt:
+                        # use pythonw.exe to avoid opening a console window
+                        executable = alt
+
+                from distutils.spawn import spawn
+
+                spawn([executable, '-E', '-c', 'pass'], 0)
+
+                if os.path.exists(ok_file):
+                    log.info(
+                        "TEST PASSED: %s appears to support .pth files",
+                        instdir
+                    )
+                    return True
+            finally:
+                if f:
+                    f.close()
+                if os.path.exists(ok_file):
+                    os.unlink(ok_file)
+                if os.path.exists(pth_file):
+                    os.unlink(pth_file)
+        if not self.multi_version:
+            log.warn("TEST FAILED: %s does NOT support .pth files", instdir)
+        return False
+
+    def install_egg_scripts(self, dist):
+        """Write all the scripts for `dist`, unless scripts are excluded"""
+        if not self.exclude_scripts and dist.metadata_isdir('scripts'):
+            for script_name in dist.metadata_listdir('scripts'):
+                if dist.metadata_isdir('scripts/' + script_name):
+                    # The "script" is a directory, likely a Python 3
+                    # __pycache__ directory, so skip it.
+                    continue
+                self.install_script(
+                    dist, script_name,
+                    dist.get_metadata('scripts/' + script_name)
+                )
+        self.install_wrapper_scripts(dist)
+
+    def add_output(self, path):
+        if os.path.isdir(path):
+            for base, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
+                for filename in files:
+                    self.outputs.append(os.path.join(base, filename))
+        else:
+            self.outputs.append(path)
+
+    def not_editable(self, spec):
+        if self.editable:
+            raise DistutilsArgError(
+                "Invalid argument %r: you can't use filenames or URLs "
+                "with --editable (except via the --find-links option)."
+                % (spec,)
+            )
+
+    def check_editable(self, spec):
+        if not self.editable:
+            return
+
+        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.build_directory, spec.key)):
+            raise DistutilsArgError(
+                "%r already exists in %s; can't do a checkout there" %
+                (spec.key, self.build_directory)
+            )
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _tmpdir(self):
+        tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix=u"easy_install-")
+        try:
+            # cast to str as workaround for #709 and #710 and #712
+            yield str(tmpdir)
+        finally:
+            os.path.exists(tmpdir) and rmtree(tmpdir)
+
+    def easy_install(self, spec, deps=False):
+        with self._tmpdir() as tmpdir:
+            if not isinstance(spec, Requirement):
+                if URL_SCHEME(spec):
+                    # It's a url, download it to tmpdir and process
+                    self.not_editable(spec)
+                    dl = self.package_index.download(spec, tmpdir)
+                    return self.install_item(None, dl, tmpdir, deps, True)
+
+                elif os.path.exists(spec):
+                    # Existing file or directory, just process it directly
+                    self.not_editable(spec)
+                    return self.install_item(None, spec, tmpdir, deps, True)
+                else:
+                    spec = parse_requirement_arg(spec)
+
+            self.check_editable(spec)
+            dist = self.package_index.fetch_distribution(
+                spec, tmpdir, self.upgrade, self.editable,
+                not self.always_copy, self.local_index
+            )
+            if dist is None:
+                msg = "Could not find suitable distribution for %r" % spec
+                if self.always_copy:
+                    msg += " (--always-copy skips system and development eggs)"
+                raise DistutilsError(msg)
+            elif dist.precedence == DEVELOP_DIST:
+                # .egg-info dists don't need installing, just process deps
+                self.process_distribution(spec, dist, deps, "Using")
+                return dist
+            else:
+                return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)
+
+    def install_item(self, spec, download, tmpdir, deps, install_needed=False):
+
+        # Installation is also needed if file in tmpdir or is not an egg
+        install_needed = install_needed or self.always_copy
+        install_needed = install_needed or os.path.dirname(download) == tmpdir
+        install_needed = install_needed or not download.endswith('.egg')
+        install_needed = install_needed or (
+            self.always_copy_from is not None and
+            os.path.dirname(normalize_path(download)) ==
+            normalize_path(self.always_copy_from)
+        )
+
+        if spec and not install_needed:
+            # at this point, we know it's a local .egg, we just don't know if
+            # it's already installed.
+            for dist in self.local_index[spec.project_name]:
+                if dist.location == download:
+                    break
+            else:
+                install_needed = True  # it's not in the local index
+
+        log.info("Processing %s", os.path.basename(download))
+
+        if install_needed:
+            dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)
+            for dist in dists:
+                self.process_distribution(spec, dist, deps)
+        else:
+            dists = [self.egg_distribution(download)]
+            self.process_distribution(spec, dists[0], deps, "Using")
+
+        if spec is not None:
+            for dist in dists:
+                if dist in spec:
+                    return dist
+
+    def select_scheme(self, name):
+        try:
+            install._select_scheme(self, name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            # stdlib distutils
+            install.install.select_scheme(self, name.replace('posix', 'unix'))
+
+    # FIXME: 'easy_install.process_distribution' is too complex (12)
+    def process_distribution(  # noqa: C901
+            self, requirement, dist, deps=True, *info,
+    ):
+        self.update_pth(dist)
+        self.package_index.add(dist)
+        if dist in self.local_index[dist.key]:
+            self.local_index.remove(dist)
+        self.local_index.add(dist)
+        self.install_egg_scripts(dist)
+        self.installed_projects[dist.key] = dist
+        log.info(self.installation_report(requirement, dist, *info))
+        if (dist.has_metadata('dependency_links.txt') and
+                not self.no_find_links):
+            self.package_index.add_find_links(
+                dist.get_metadata_lines('dependency_links.txt')
+            )
+        if not deps and not self.always_copy:
+            return
+        elif requirement is not None and dist.key != requirement.key:
+            log.warn("Skipping dependencies for %s", dist)
+            return  # XXX this is not the distribution we were looking for
+        elif requirement is None or dist not in requirement:
+            # if we wound up with a different version, resolve what we've got
+            distreq = dist.as_requirement()
+            requirement = Requirement(str(distreq))
+        log.info("Processing dependencies for %s", requirement)
+        try:
+            distros = WorkingSet([]).resolve(
+                [requirement], self.local_index, self.easy_install
+            )
+        except DistributionNotFound as e:
+            raise DistutilsError(str(e)) from e
+        except VersionConflict as e:
+            raise DistutilsError(e.report()) from e
+        if self.always_copy or self.always_copy_from:
+            # Force all the relevant distros to be copied or activated
+            for dist in distros:
+                if dist.key not in self.installed_projects:
+                    self.easy_install(dist.as_requirement())
+        log.info("Finished processing dependencies for %s", requirement)
+
+    def should_unzip(self, dist):
+        if self.zip_ok is not None:
+            return not self.zip_ok
+        if dist.has_metadata('not-zip-safe'):
+            return True
+        if not dist.has_metadata('zip-safe'):
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def maybe_move(self, spec, dist_filename, setup_base):
+        dst = os.path.join(self.build_directory, spec.key)
+        if os.path.exists(dst):
+            msg = (
+                "%r already exists in %s; build directory %s will not be kept"
+            )
+            log.warn(msg, spec.key, self.build_directory, setup_base)
+            return setup_base
+        if os.path.isdir(dist_filename):
+            setup_base = dist_filename
+        else:
+            if os.path.dirname(dist_filename) == setup_base:
+                os.unlink(dist_filename)  # get it out of the tmp dir
+            contents = os.listdir(setup_base)
+            if len(contents) == 1:
+                dist_filename = os.path.join(setup_base, contents[0])
+                if os.path.isdir(dist_filename):
+                    # if the only thing there is a directory, move it instead
+                    setup_base = dist_filename
+        ensure_directory(dst)
+        shutil.move(setup_base, dst)
+        return dst
+
+    def install_wrapper_scripts(self, dist):
+        if self.exclude_scripts:
+            return
+        for args in ScriptWriter.best().get_args(dist):
+            self.write_script(*args)
+
+    def install_script(self, dist, script_name, script_text, dev_path=None):
+        """Generate a legacy script wrapper and install it"""
+        spec = str(dist.as_requirement())
+        is_script = is_python_script(script_text, script_name)
+
+        if is_script:
+            body = self._load_template(dev_path) % locals()
+            script_text = ScriptWriter.get_header(script_text) + body
+        self.write_script(script_name, _to_bytes(script_text), 'b')
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _load_template(dev_path):
+        """
+        There are a couple of template scripts in the package. This
+        function loads one of them and prepares it for use.
+        """
+        # See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/134 for info
+        # on script file naming and downstream issues with SVR4
+        name = 'script.tmpl'
+        if dev_path:
+            name = name.replace('.tmpl', ' (dev).tmpl')
+
+        raw_bytes = resource_string('setuptools', name)
+        return raw_bytes.decode('utf-8')
+
+    def write_script(self, script_name, contents, mode="t", blockers=()):
+        """Write an executable file to the scripts directory"""
+        self.delete_blockers(  # clean up old .py/.pyw w/o a script
+            [os.path.join(self.script_dir, x) for x in blockers]
+        )
+        log.info("Installing %s script to %s", script_name, self.script_dir)
+        target = os.path.join(self.script_dir, script_name)
+        self.add_output(target)
+
+        if self.dry_run:
+            return
+
+        mask = current_umask()
+        ensure_directory(target)
+        if os.path.exists(target):
+            os.unlink(target)
+        with open(target, "w" + mode) as f:
+            f.write(contents)
+        chmod(target, 0o777 - mask)
+
+    def install_eggs(self, spec, dist_filename, tmpdir):
+        # .egg dirs or files are already built, so just return them
+        installer_map = {
+            '.egg': self.install_egg,
+            '.exe': self.install_exe,
+            '.whl': self.install_wheel,
+        }
+        try:
+            install_dist = installer_map[
+                dist_filename.lower()[-4:]
+            ]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            return [install_dist(dist_filename, tmpdir)]
+
+        # Anything else, try to extract and build
+        setup_base = tmpdir
+        if os.path.isfile(dist_filename) and not dist_filename.endswith('.py'):
+            unpack_archive(dist_filename, tmpdir, self.unpack_progress)
+        elif os.path.isdir(dist_filename):
+            setup_base = os.path.abspath(dist_filename)
+
+        if (setup_base.startswith(tmpdir)  # something we downloaded
+                and self.build_directory and spec is not None):
+            setup_base = self.maybe_move(spec, dist_filename, setup_base)
+
+        # Find the setup.py file
+        setup_script = os.path.join(setup_base, 'setup.py')
+
+        if not os.path.exists(setup_script):
+            setups = glob(os.path.join(setup_base, '*', 'setup.py'))
+            if not setups:
+                raise DistutilsError(
+                    "Couldn't find a setup script in %s" %
+                    os.path.abspath(dist_filename)
+                )
+            if len(setups) > 1:
+                raise DistutilsError(
+                    "Multiple setup scripts in %s" %
+                    os.path.abspath(dist_filename)
+                )
+            setup_script = setups[0]
+
+        # Now run it, and return the result
+        if self.editable:
+            log.info(self.report_editable(spec, setup_script))
+            return []
+        else:
+            return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)
+
+    def egg_distribution(self, egg_path):
+        if os.path.isdir(egg_path):
+            metadata = PathMetadata(egg_path, os.path.join(egg_path,
+                                                           'EGG-INFO'))
+        else:
+            metadata = EggMetadata(zipimport.zipimporter(egg_path))
+        return Distribution.from_filename(egg_path, metadata=metadata)
+
+    # FIXME: 'easy_install.install_egg' is too complex (11)
+    def install_egg(self, egg_path, tmpdir):  # noqa: C901
+        destination = os.path.join(
+            self.install_dir,
+            os.path.basename(egg_path),
+        )
+        destination = os.path.abspath(destination)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            ensure_directory(destination)
+
+        dist = self.egg_distribution(egg_path)
+        if not samefile(egg_path, destination):
+            if os.path.isdir(destination) and not os.path.islink(destination):
+                dir_util.remove_tree(destination, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+            elif os.path.exists(destination):
+                self.execute(
+                    os.unlink,
+                    (destination,),
+                    "Removing " + destination,
+                )
+            try:
+                new_dist_is_zipped = False
+                if os.path.isdir(egg_path):
+                    if egg_path.startswith(tmpdir):
+                        f, m = shutil.move, "Moving"
+                    else:
+                        f, m = shutil.copytree, "Copying"
+                elif self.should_unzip(dist):
+                    self.mkpath(destination)
+                    f, m = self.unpack_and_compile, "Extracting"
+                else:
+                    new_dist_is_zipped = True
+                    if egg_path.startswith(tmpdir):
+                        f, m = shutil.move, "Moving"
+                    else:
+                        f, m = shutil.copy2, "Copying"
+                self.execute(
+                    f,
+                    (egg_path, destination),
+                    (m + " %s to %s") % (
+                        os.path.basename(egg_path),
+                        os.path.dirname(destination)
+                    ),
+                )
+                update_dist_caches(
+                    destination,
+                    fix_zipimporter_caches=new_dist_is_zipped,
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                update_dist_caches(destination, fix_zipimporter_caches=False)
+                raise
+
+        self.add_output(destination)
+        return self.egg_distribution(destination)
+
+    def install_exe(self, dist_filename, tmpdir):
+        # See if it's valid, get data
+        cfg = extract_wininst_cfg(dist_filename)
+        if cfg is None:
+            raise DistutilsError(
+                "%s is not a valid distutils Windows .exe" % dist_filename
+            )
+        # Create a dummy distribution object until we build the real distro
+        dist = Distribution(
+            None,
+            project_name=cfg.get('metadata', 'name'),
+            version=cfg.get('metadata', 'version'), platform=get_platform(),
+        )
+
+        # Convert the .exe to an unpacked egg
+        egg_path = os.path.join(tmpdir, dist.egg_name() + '.egg')
+        dist.location = egg_path
+        egg_tmp = egg_path + '.tmp'
+        _egg_info = os.path.join(egg_tmp, 'EGG-INFO')
+        pkg_inf = os.path.join(_egg_info, 'PKG-INFO')
+        ensure_directory(pkg_inf)  # make sure EGG-INFO dir exists
+        dist._provider = PathMetadata(egg_tmp, _egg_info)  # XXX
+        self.exe_to_egg(dist_filename, egg_tmp)
+
+        # Write EGG-INFO/PKG-INFO
+        if not os.path.exists(pkg_inf):
+            f = open(pkg_inf, 'w')
+            f.write('Metadata-Version: 1.0\n')
+            for k, v in cfg.items('metadata'):
+                if k != 'target_version':
+                    f.write('%s: %s\n' % (k.replace('_', '-').title(), v))
+            f.close()
+        script_dir = os.path.join(_egg_info, 'scripts')
+        # delete entry-point scripts to avoid duping
+        self.delete_blockers([
+            os.path.join(script_dir, args[0])
+            for args in ScriptWriter.get_args(dist)
+        ])
+        # Build .egg file from tmpdir
+        bdist_egg.make_zipfile(
+            egg_path, egg_tmp, verbose=self.verbose, dry_run=self.dry_run,
+        )
+        # install the .egg
+        return self.install_egg(egg_path, tmpdir)
+
+    # FIXME: 'easy_install.exe_to_egg' is too complex (12)
+    def exe_to_egg(self, dist_filename, egg_tmp):  # noqa: C901
+        """Extract a bdist_wininst to the directories an egg would use"""
+        # Check for .pth file and set up prefix translations
+        prefixes = get_exe_prefixes(dist_filename)
+        to_compile = []
+        native_libs = []
+        top_level = {}
+
+        def process(src, dst):
+            s = src.lower()
+            for old, new in prefixes:
+                if s.startswith(old):
+                    src = new + src[len(old):]
+                    parts = src.split('/')
+                    dst = os.path.join(egg_tmp, *parts)
+                    dl = dst.lower()
+                    if dl.endswith('.pyd') or dl.endswith('.dll'):
+                        parts[-1] = bdist_egg.strip_module(parts[-1])
+                        top_level[os.path.splitext(parts[0])[0]] = 1
+                        native_libs.append(src)
+                    elif dl.endswith('.py') and old != 'SCRIPTS/':
+                        top_level[os.path.splitext(parts[0])[0]] = 1
+                        to_compile.append(dst)
+                    return dst
+            if not src.endswith('.pth'):
+                log.warn("WARNING: can't process %s", src)
+            return None
+
+        # extract, tracking .pyd/.dll->native_libs and .py -> to_compile
+        unpack_archive(dist_filename, egg_tmp, process)
+        stubs = []
+        for res in native_libs:
+            if res.lower().endswith('.pyd'):  # create stubs for .pyd's
+                parts = res.split('/')
+                resource = parts[-1]
+                parts[-1] = bdist_egg.strip_module(parts[-1]) + '.py'
+                pyfile = os.path.join(egg_tmp, *parts)
+                to_compile.append(pyfile)
+                stubs.append(pyfile)
+                bdist_egg.write_stub(resource, pyfile)
+        self.byte_compile(to_compile)  # compile .py's
+        bdist_egg.write_safety_flag(
+            os.path.join(egg_tmp, 'EGG-INFO'),
+            bdist_egg.analyze_egg(egg_tmp, stubs))  # write zip-safety flag
+
+        for name in 'top_level', 'native_libs':
+            if locals()[name]:
+                txt = os.path.join(egg_tmp, 'EGG-INFO', name + '.txt')
+                if not os.path.exists(txt):
+                    f = open(txt, 'w')
+                    f.write('\n'.join(locals()[name]) + '\n')
+                    f.close()
+
+    def install_wheel(self, wheel_path, tmpdir):
+        wheel = Wheel(wheel_path)
+        assert wheel.is_compatible()
+        destination = os.path.join(self.install_dir, wheel.egg_name())
+        destination = os.path.abspath(destination)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            ensure_directory(destination)
+        if os.path.isdir(destination) and not os.path.islink(destination):
+            dir_util.remove_tree(destination, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+        elif os.path.exists(destination):
+            self.execute(
+                os.unlink,
+                (destination,),
+                "Removing " + destination,
+            )
+        try:
+            self.execute(
+                wheel.install_as_egg,
+                (destination,),
+                ("Installing %s to %s") % (
+                    os.path.basename(wheel_path),
+                    os.path.dirname(destination)
+                ),
+            )
+        finally:
+            update_dist_caches(destination, fix_zipimporter_caches=False)
+        self.add_output(destination)
+        return self.egg_distribution(destination)
+
+    __mv_warning = textwrap.dedent("""
+        Because this distribution was installed --multi-version, before you can
+        import modules from this package in an application, you will need to
+        'import pkg_resources' and then use a 'require()' call similar to one of
+        these examples, in order to select the desired version:
+
+            pkg_resources.require("%(name)s")  # latest installed version
+            pkg_resources.require("%(name)s==%(version)s")  # this exact version
+            pkg_resources.require("%(name)s>=%(version)s")  # this version or higher
+        """).lstrip()  # noqa
+
+    __id_warning = textwrap.dedent("""
+        Note also that the installation directory must be on sys.path at runtime for
+        this to work.  (e.g. by being the application's script directory, by being on
+        PYTHONPATH, or by being added to sys.path by your code.)
+        """)  # noqa
+
+    def installation_report(self, req, dist, what="Installed"):
+        """Helpful installation message for display to package users"""
+        msg = "\n%(what)s %(eggloc)s%(extras)s"
+        if self.multi_version and not self.no_report:
+            msg += '\n' + self.__mv_warning
+            if self.install_dir not in map(normalize_path, sys.path):
+                msg += '\n' + self.__id_warning
+
+        eggloc = dist.location
+        name = dist.project_name
+        version = dist.version
+        extras = ''  # TODO: self.report_extras(req, dist)
+        return msg % locals()
+
+    __editable_msg = textwrap.dedent("""
+        Extracted editable version of %(spec)s to %(dirname)s
+
+        If it uses setuptools in its setup script, you can activate it in
+        "development" mode by going to that directory and running::
+
+            %(python)s setup.py develop
+
+        See the setuptools documentation for the "develop" command for more info.
+        """).lstrip()  # noqa
+
+    def report_editable(self, spec, setup_script):
+        dirname = os.path.dirname(setup_script)
+        python = sys.executable
+        return '\n' + self.__editable_msg % locals()
+
+    def run_setup(self, setup_script, setup_base, args):
+        sys.modules.setdefault('distutils.command.bdist_egg', bdist_egg)
+        sys.modules.setdefault('distutils.command.egg_info', egg_info)
+
+        args = list(args)
+        if self.verbose > 2:
+            v = 'v' * (self.verbose - 1)
+            args.insert(0, '-' + v)
+        elif self.verbose < 2:
+            args.insert(0, '-q')
+        if self.dry_run:
+            args.insert(0, '-n')
+        log.info(
+            "Running %s %s", setup_script[len(setup_base) + 1:], ' '.join(args)
+        )
+        try:
+            run_setup(setup_script, args)
+        except SystemExit as v:
+            raise DistutilsError(
+                "Setup script exited with %s" % (v.args[0],)
+            ) from v
+
+    def build_and_install(self, setup_script, setup_base):
+        args = ['bdist_egg', '--dist-dir']
+
+        dist_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(
+            prefix='egg-dist-tmp-', dir=os.path.dirname(setup_script)
+        )
+        try:
+            self._set_fetcher_options(os.path.dirname(setup_script))
+            args.append(dist_dir)
+
+            self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)
+            all_eggs = Environment([dist_dir])
+            eggs = []
+            for key in all_eggs:
+                for dist in all_eggs[key]:
+                    eggs.append(self.install_egg(dist.location, setup_base))
+            if not eggs and not self.dry_run:
+                log.warn("No eggs found in %s (setup script problem?)",
+                         dist_dir)
+            return eggs
+        finally:
+            rmtree(dist_dir)
+            log.set_verbosity(self.verbose)  # restore our log verbosity
+
+    def _set_fetcher_options(self, base):
+        """
+        When easy_install is about to run bdist_egg on a source dist, that
+        source dist might have 'setup_requires' directives, requiring
+        additional fetching. Ensure the fetcher options given to easy_install
+        are available to that command as well.
+        """
+        # find the fetch options from easy_install and write them out
+        # to the setup.cfg file.
+        ei_opts = self.distribution.get_option_dict('easy_install').copy()
+        fetch_directives = (
+            'find_links', 'site_dirs', 'index_url', 'optimize', 'allow_hosts',
+        )
+        fetch_options = {}
+        for key, val in ei_opts.items():
+            if key not in fetch_directives:
+                continue
+            fetch_options[key] = val[1]
+        # create a settings dictionary suitable for `edit_config`
+        settings = dict(easy_install=fetch_options)
+        cfg_filename = os.path.join(base, 'setup.cfg')
+        setopt.edit_config(cfg_filename, settings)
+
+    def update_pth(self, dist):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (11)  # FIXME
+        if self.pth_file is None:
+            return
+
+        for d in self.pth_file[dist.key]:  # drop old entries
+            if not self.multi_version and d.location == dist.location:
+                continue
+
+            log.info("Removing %s from easy-install.pth file", d)
+            self.pth_file.remove(d)
+            if d.location in self.shadow_path:
+                self.shadow_path.remove(d.location)
+
+        if not self.multi_version:
+            if dist.location in self.pth_file.paths:
+                log.info(
+                    "%s is already the active version in easy-install.pth",
+                    dist,
+                )
+            else:
+                log.info("Adding %s to easy-install.pth file", dist)
+                self.pth_file.add(dist)  # add new entry
+                if dist.location not in self.shadow_path:
+                    self.shadow_path.append(dist.location)
+
+        if self.dry_run:
+            return
+
+        self.pth_file.save()
+
+        if dist.key != 'setuptools':
+            return
+
+        # Ensure that setuptools itself never becomes unavailable!
+        # XXX should this check for latest version?
+        filename = os.path.join(self.install_dir, 'setuptools.pth')
+        if os.path.islink(filename):
+            os.unlink(filename)
+        with open(filename, 'wt') as f:
+            f.write(self.pth_file.make_relative(dist.location) + '\n')
+
+    def unpack_progress(self, src, dst):
+        # Progress filter for unpacking
+        log.debug("Unpacking %s to %s", src, dst)
+        return dst  # only unpack-and-compile skips files for dry run
+
+    def unpack_and_compile(self, egg_path, destination):
+        to_compile = []
+        to_chmod = []
+
+        def pf(src, dst):
+            if dst.endswith('.py') and not src.startswith('EGG-INFO/'):
+                to_compile.append(dst)
+            elif dst.endswith('.dll') or dst.endswith('.so'):
+                to_chmod.append(dst)
+            self.unpack_progress(src, dst)
+            return not self.dry_run and dst or None
+
+        unpack_archive(egg_path, destination, pf)
+        self.byte_compile(to_compile)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            for f in to_chmod:
+                mode = ((os.stat(f)[stat.ST_MODE]) | 0o555) & 0o7755
+                chmod(f, mode)
+
+    def byte_compile(self, to_compile):
+        if sys.dont_write_bytecode:
+            return
+
+        from distutils.util import byte_compile
+
+        try:
+            # try to make the byte compile messages quieter
+            log.set_verbosity(self.verbose - 1)
+
+            byte_compile(to_compile, optimize=0, force=1, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+            if self.optimize:
+                byte_compile(
+                    to_compile, optimize=self.optimize, force=1,
+                    dry_run=self.dry_run,
+                )
+        finally:
+            log.set_verbosity(self.verbose)  # restore original verbosity
+
+    __no_default_msg = textwrap.dedent("""
+        bad install directory or PYTHONPATH
+
+        You are attempting to install a package to a directory that is not
+        on PYTHONPATH and which Python does not read ".pth" files from.  The
+        installation directory you specified (via --install-dir, --prefix, or
+        the distutils default setting) was:
+
+            %s
+
+        and your PYTHONPATH environment variable currently contains:
+
+            %r
+
+        Here are some of your options for correcting the problem:
+
+        * You can choose a different installation directory, i.e., one that is
+          on PYTHONPATH or supports .pth files
+
+        * You can add the installation directory to the PYTHONPATH environment
+          variable.  (It must then also be on PYTHONPATH whenever you run
+          Python and want to use the package(s) you are installing.)
+
+        * You can set up the installation directory to support ".pth" files by
+          using one of the approaches described here:
+
+          https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/deprecated/easy_install.html#custom-installation-locations
+
+
+        Please make the appropriate changes for your system and try again.
+        """).strip()
+
+    def create_home_path(self):
+        """Create directories under ~."""
+        if not self.user:
+            return
+        home = convert_path(os.path.expanduser("~"))
+        for name, path in self.config_vars.items():
+            if path.startswith(home) and not os.path.isdir(path):
+                self.debug_print("os.makedirs('%s', 0o700)" % path)
+                os.makedirs(path, 0o700)
+
+    INSTALL_SCHEMES = dict(
+        posix=dict(
+            install_dir='$base/lib/python$py_version_short/site-packages',
+            script_dir='$base/bin',
+        ),
+    )
+
+    DEFAULT_SCHEME = dict(
+        install_dir='$base/Lib/site-packages',
+        script_dir='$base/Scripts',
+    )
+
+    def _expand(self, *attrs):
+        config_vars = self.get_finalized_command('install').config_vars
+
+        if self.prefix:
+            # Set default install_dir/scripts from --prefix
+            config_vars = dict(config_vars)
+            config_vars['base'] = self.prefix
+            scheme = self.INSTALL_SCHEMES.get(os.name, self.DEFAULT_SCHEME)
+            for attr, val in scheme.items():
+                if getattr(self, attr, None) is None:
+                    setattr(self, attr, val)
+
+        from distutils.util import subst_vars
+
+        for attr in attrs:
+            val = getattr(self, attr)
+            if val is not None:
+                val = subst_vars(val, config_vars)
+                if os.name == 'posix':
+                    val = os.path.expanduser(val)
+                setattr(self, attr, val)
+
+
+def _pythonpath():
+    items = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', '').split(os.pathsep)
+    return filter(None, items)
+
+
+def get_site_dirs():
+    """
+    Return a list of 'site' dirs
+    """
+
+    sitedirs = []
+
+    # start with PYTHONPATH
+    sitedirs.extend(_pythonpath())
+
+    prefixes = [sys.prefix]
+    if sys.exec_prefix != sys.prefix:
+        prefixes.append(sys.exec_prefix)
+    for prefix in prefixes:
+        if not prefix:
+            continue
+
+        if sys.platform in ('os2emx', 'riscos'):
+            sitedirs.append(os.path.join(prefix, "Lib", "site-packages"))
+        elif os.sep == '/':
+            sitedirs.extend([
+                os.path.join(
+                    prefix,
+                    "lib",
+                    "python{}.{}".format(*sys.version_info),
+                    "site-packages",
+                ),
+                os.path.join(prefix, "lib", "site-python"),
+            ])
+        else:
+            sitedirs.extend([
+                prefix,
+                os.path.join(prefix, "lib", "site-packages"),
+            ])
+        if sys.platform != 'darwin':
+            continue
+
+        # for framework builds *only* we add the standard Apple
+        # locations. Currently only per-user, but /Library and
+        # /Network/Library could be added too
+        if 'Python.framework' not in prefix:
+            continue
+
+        home = os.environ.get('HOME')
+        if not home:
+            continue
+
+        home_sp = os.path.join(
+            home,
+            'Library',
+            'Python',
+            '{}.{}'.format(*sys.version_info),
+            'site-packages',
+        )
+        sitedirs.append(home_sp)
+    lib_paths = get_path('purelib'), get_path('platlib')
+
+    sitedirs.extend(s for s in lib_paths if s not in sitedirs)
+
+    if site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+        sitedirs.append(site.USER_SITE)
+
+    with contextlib.suppress(AttributeError):
+        sitedirs.extend(site.getsitepackages())
+
+    sitedirs = list(map(normalize_path, sitedirs))
+
+    return sitedirs
+
+
+def expand_paths(inputs):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (11)  # FIXME
+    """Yield sys.path directories that might contain "old-style" packages"""
+
+    seen = {}
+
+    for dirname in inputs:
+        dirname = normalize_path(dirname)
+        if dirname in seen:
+            continue
+
+        seen[dirname] = 1
+        if not os.path.isdir(dirname):
+            continue
+
+        files = os.listdir(dirname)
+        yield dirname, files
+
+        for name in files:
+            if not name.endswith('.pth'):
+                # We only care about the .pth files
+                continue
+            if name in ('easy-install.pth', 'setuptools.pth'):
+                # Ignore .pth files that we control
+                continue
+
+            # Read the .pth file
+            f = open(os.path.join(dirname, name))
+            lines = list(yield_lines(f))
+            f.close()
+
+            # Yield existing non-dupe, non-import directory lines from it
+            for line in lines:
+                if line.startswith("import"):
+                    continue
+
+                line = normalize_path(line.rstrip())
+                if line in seen:
+                    continue
+
+                seen[line] = 1
+                if not os.path.isdir(line):
+                    continue
+
+                yield line, os.listdir(line)
+
+
+def extract_wininst_cfg(dist_filename):
+    """Extract configuration data from a bdist_wininst .exe
+
+    Returns a configparser.RawConfigParser, or None
+    """
+    f = open(dist_filename, 'rb')
+    try:
+        endrec = zipfile._EndRecData(f)
+        if endrec is None:
+            return None
+
+        prepended = (endrec[9] - endrec[5]) - endrec[6]
+        if prepended < 12:  # no wininst data here
+            return None
+        f.seek(prepended - 12)
+
+        tag, cfglen, bmlen = struct.unpack("<iii", f.read(12))
+        if tag not in (0x1234567A, 0x1234567B):
+            return None  # not a valid tag
+
+        f.seek(prepended - (12 + cfglen))
+        init = {'version': '', 'target_version': ''}
+        cfg = configparser.RawConfigParser(init)
+        try:
+            part = f.read(cfglen)
+            # Read up to the first null byte.
+            config = part.split(b'\0', 1)[0]
+            # Now the config is in bytes, but for RawConfigParser, it should
+            #  be text, so decode it.
+            config = config.decode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+            cfg.read_file(io.StringIO(config))
+        except configparser.Error:
+            return None
+        if not cfg.has_section('metadata') or not cfg.has_section('Setup'):
+            return None
+        return cfg
+
+    finally:
+        f.close()
+
+
+def get_exe_prefixes(exe_filename):
+    """Get exe->egg path translations for a given .exe file"""
+
+    prefixes = [
+        ('PURELIB/', ''),
+        ('PLATLIB/pywin32_system32', ''),
+        ('PLATLIB/', ''),
+        ('SCRIPTS/', 'EGG-INFO/scripts/'),
+        ('DATA/lib/site-packages', ''),
+    ]
+    z = zipfile.ZipFile(exe_filename)
+    try:
+        for info in z.infolist():
+            name = info.filename
+            parts = name.split('/')
+            if len(parts) == 3 and parts[2] == 'PKG-INFO':
+                if parts[1].endswith('.egg-info'):
+                    prefixes.insert(0, ('/'.join(parts[:2]), 'EGG-INFO/'))
+                    break
+            if len(parts) != 2 or not name.endswith('.pth'):
+                continue
+            if name.endswith('-nspkg.pth'):
+                continue
+            if parts[0].upper() in ('PURELIB', 'PLATLIB'):
+                contents = z.read(name).decode()
+                for pth in yield_lines(contents):
+                    pth = pth.strip().replace('\\', '/')
+                    if not pth.startswith('import'):
+                        prefixes.append((('%s/%s/' % (parts[0], pth)), ''))
+    finally:
+        z.close()
+    prefixes = [(x.lower(), y) for x, y in prefixes]
+    prefixes.sort()
+    prefixes.reverse()
+    return prefixes
+
+
+class PthDistributions(Environment):
+    """A .pth file with Distribution paths in it"""
+
+    dirty = False
+
+    def __init__(self, filename, sitedirs=()):
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.sitedirs = list(map(normalize_path, sitedirs))
+        self.basedir = normalize_path(os.path.dirname(self.filename))
+        self._load()
+        Environment.__init__(self, [], None, None)
+        for path in yield_lines(self.paths):
+            list(map(self.add, find_distributions(path, True)))
+
+    def _load(self):
+        self.paths = []
+        saw_import = False
+        seen = dict.fromkeys(self.sitedirs)
+        if os.path.isfile(self.filename):
+            f = open(self.filename, 'rt')
+            for line in f:
+                if line.startswith('import'):
+                    saw_import = True
+                    continue
+                path = line.rstrip()
+                self.paths.append(path)
+                if not path.strip() or path.strip().startswith('#'):
+                    continue
+                # skip non-existent paths, in case somebody deleted a package
+                # manually, and duplicate paths as well
+                path = self.paths[-1] = normalize_path(
+                    os.path.join(self.basedir, path)
+                )
+                if not os.path.exists(path) or path in seen:
+                    self.paths.pop()  # skip it
+                    self.dirty = True  # we cleaned up, so we're dirty now :)
+                    continue
+                seen[path] = 1
+            f.close()
+
+        if self.paths and not saw_import:
+            self.dirty = True  # ensure anything we touch has import wrappers
+        while self.paths and not self.paths[-1].strip():
+            self.paths.pop()
+
+    def save(self):
+        """Write changed .pth file back to disk"""
+        if not self.dirty:
+            return
+
+        rel_paths = list(map(self.make_relative, self.paths))
+        if rel_paths:
+            log.debug("Saving %s", self.filename)
+            lines = self._wrap_lines(rel_paths)
+            data = '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
+
+            if os.path.islink(self.filename):
+                os.unlink(self.filename)
+            with open(self.filename, 'wt') as f:
+                f.write(data)
+
+        elif os.path.exists(self.filename):
+            log.debug("Deleting empty %s", self.filename)
+            os.unlink(self.filename)
+
+        self.dirty = False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _wrap_lines(lines):
+        return lines
+
+    def add(self, dist):
+        """Add `dist` to the distribution map"""
+        new_path = (
+            dist.location not in self.paths and (
+                dist.location not in self.sitedirs or
+                # account for '.' being in PYTHONPATH
+                dist.location == os.getcwd()
+            )
+        )
+        if new_path:
+            self.paths.append(dist.location)
+            self.dirty = True
+        Environment.add(self, dist)
+
+    def remove(self, dist):
+        """Remove `dist` from the distribution map"""
+        while dist.location in self.paths:
+            self.paths.remove(dist.location)
+            self.dirty = True
+        Environment.remove(self, dist)
+
+    def make_relative(self, path):
+        npath, last = os.path.split(normalize_path(path))
+        baselen = len(self.basedir)
+        parts = [last]
+        sep = os.altsep == '/' and '/' or os.sep
+        while len(npath) >= baselen:
+            if npath == self.basedir:
+                parts.append(os.curdir)
+                parts.reverse()
+                return sep.join(parts)
+            npath, last = os.path.split(npath)
+            parts.append(last)
+        else:
+            return path
+
+
+class RewritePthDistributions(PthDistributions):
+    @classmethod
+    def _wrap_lines(cls, lines):
+        yield cls.prelude
+        for line in lines:
+            yield line
+        yield cls.postlude
+
+    prelude = _one_liner("""
+        import sys
+        sys.__plen = len(sys.path)
+        """)
+    postlude = _one_liner("""
+        import sys
+        new = sys.path[sys.__plen:]
+        del sys.path[sys.__plen:]
+        p = getattr(sys, '__egginsert', 0)
+        sys.path[p:p] = new
+        sys.__egginsert = p + len(new)
+        """)
+
+
+if os.environ.get('SETUPTOOLS_SYS_PATH_TECHNIQUE', 'raw') == 'rewrite':
+    PthDistributions = RewritePthDistributions
+
+
+def _first_line_re():
+    """
+    Return a regular expression based on first_line_re suitable for matching
+    strings.
+    """
+    if isinstance(first_line_re.pattern, str):
+        return first_line_re
+
+    # first_line_re in Python >=3.1.4 and >=3.2.1 is a bytes pattern.
+    return re.compile(first_line_re.pattern.decode())
+
+
+def auto_chmod(func, arg, exc):
+    if func in [os.unlink, os.remove] and os.name == 'nt':
+        chmod(arg, stat.S_IWRITE)
+        return func(arg)
+    et, ev, _ = sys.exc_info()
+    # TODO: This code doesn't make sense. What is it trying to do?
+    raise (ev[0], ev[1] + (" %s %s" % (func, arg)))
+
+
+def update_dist_caches(dist_path, fix_zipimporter_caches):
+    """
+    Fix any globally cached `dist_path` related data
+
+    `dist_path` should be a path of a newly installed egg distribution (zipped
+    or unzipped).
+
+    sys.path_importer_cache contains finder objects that have been cached when
+    importing data from the original distribution. Any such finders need to be
+    cleared since the replacement distribution might be packaged differently,
+    e.g. a zipped egg distribution might get replaced with an unzipped egg
+    folder or vice versa. Having the old finders cached may then cause Python
+    to attempt loading modules from the replacement distribution using an
+    incorrect loader.
+
+    zipimport.zipimporter objects are Python loaders charged with importing
+    data packaged inside zip archives. If stale loaders referencing the
+    original distribution, are left behind, they can fail to load modules from
+    the replacement distribution. E.g. if an old zipimport.zipimporter instance
+    is used to load data from a new zipped egg archive, it may cause the
+    operation to attempt to locate the requested data in the wrong location -
+    one indicated by the original distribution's zip archive directory
+    information. Such an operation may then fail outright, e.g. report having
+    read a 'bad local file header', or even worse, it may fail silently &
+    return invalid data.
+
+    zipimport._zip_directory_cache contains cached zip archive directory
+    information for all existing zipimport.zipimporter instances and all such
+    instances connected to the same archive share the same cached directory
+    information.
+
+    If asked, and the underlying Python implementation allows it, we can fix
+    all existing zipimport.zipimporter instances instead of having to track
+    them down and remove them one by one, by updating their shared cached zip
+    archive directory information. This, of course, assumes that the
+    replacement distribution is packaged as a zipped egg.
+
+    If not asked to fix existing zipimport.zipimporter instances, we still do
+    our best to clear any remaining zipimport.zipimporter related cached data
+    that might somehow later get used when attempting to load data from the new
+    distribution and thus cause such load operations to fail. Note that when
+    tracking down such remaining stale data, we can not catch every conceivable
+    usage from here, and we clear only those that we know of and have found to
+    cause problems if left alive. Any remaining caches should be updated by
+    whomever is in charge of maintaining them, i.e. they should be ready to
+    handle us replacing their zip archives with new distributions at runtime.
+
+    """
+    # There are several other known sources of stale zipimport.zipimporter
+    # instances that we do not clear here, but might if ever given a reason to
+    # do so:
+    # * Global setuptools pkg_resources.working_set (a.k.a. 'master working
+    # set') may contain distributions which may in turn contain their
+    #   zipimport.zipimporter loaders.
+    # * Several zipimport.zipimporter loaders held by local variables further
+    #   up the function call stack when running the setuptools installation.
+    # * Already loaded modules may have their __loader__ attribute set to the
+    #   exact loader instance used when importing them. Python 3.4 docs state
+    #   that this information is intended mostly for introspection and so is
+    #   not expected to cause us problems.
+    normalized_path = normalize_path(dist_path)
+    _uncache(normalized_path, sys.path_importer_cache)
+    if fix_zipimporter_caches:
+        _replace_zip_directory_cache_data(normalized_path)
+    else:
+        # Here, even though we do not want to fix existing and now stale
+        # zipimporter cache information, we still want to remove it. Related to
+        # Python's zip archive directory information cache, we clear each of
+        # its stale entries in two phases:
+        #   1. Clear the entry so attempting to access zip archive information
+        #      via any existing stale zipimport.zipimporter instances fails.
+        #   2. Remove the entry from the cache so any newly constructed
+        #      zipimport.zipimporter instances do not end up using old stale
+        #      zip archive directory information.
+        # This whole stale data removal step does not seem strictly necessary,
+        # but has been left in because it was done before we started replacing
+        # the zip archive directory information cache content if possible, and
+        # there are no relevant unit tests that we can depend on to tell us if
+        # this is really needed.
+        _remove_and_clear_zip_directory_cache_data(normalized_path)
+
+
+def _collect_zipimporter_cache_entries(normalized_path, cache):
+    """
+    Return zipimporter cache entry keys related to a given normalized path.
+
+    Alternative path spellings (e.g. those using different character case or
+    those using alternative path separators) related to the same path are
+    included. Any sub-path entries are included as well, i.e. those
+    corresponding to zip archives embedded in other zip archives.
+
+    """
+    result = []
+    prefix_len = len(normalized_path)
+    for p in cache:
+        np = normalize_path(p)
+        if (np.startswith(normalized_path) and
+                np[prefix_len:prefix_len + 1] in (os.sep, '')):
+            result.append(p)
+    return result
+
+
+def _update_zipimporter_cache(normalized_path, cache, updater=None):
+    """
+    Update zipimporter cache data for a given normalized path.
+
+    Any sub-path entries are processed as well, i.e. those corresponding to zip
+    archives embedded in other zip archives.
+
+    Given updater is a callable taking a cache entry key and the original entry
+    (after already removing the entry from the cache), and expected to update
+    the entry and possibly return a new one to be inserted in its place.
+    Returning None indicates that the entry should not be replaced with a new
+    one. If no updater is given, the cache entries are simply removed without
+    any additional processing, the same as if the updater simply returned None.
+
+    """
+    for p in _collect_zipimporter_cache_entries(normalized_path, cache):
+        # N.B. pypy's custom zipimport._zip_directory_cache implementation does
+        # not support the complete dict interface:
+        # * Does not support item assignment, thus not allowing this function
+        #    to be used only for removing existing cache entries.
+        #  * Does not support the dict.pop() method, forcing us to use the
+        #    get/del patterns instead. For more detailed information see the
+        #    following links:
+        #      https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/202#issuecomment-202913420
+        #      http://bit.ly/2h9itJX
+        old_entry = cache[p]
+        del cache[p]
+        new_entry = updater and updater(p, old_entry)
+        if new_entry is not None:
+            cache[p] = new_entry
+
+
+def _uncache(normalized_path, cache):
+    _update_zipimporter_cache(normalized_path, cache)
+
+
+def _remove_and_clear_zip_directory_cache_data(normalized_path):
+    def clear_and_remove_cached_zip_archive_directory_data(path, old_entry):
+        old_entry.clear()
+
+    _update_zipimporter_cache(
+        normalized_path, zipimport._zip_directory_cache,
+        updater=clear_and_remove_cached_zip_archive_directory_data)
+
+
+# PyPy Python implementation does not allow directly writing to the
+# zipimport._zip_directory_cache and so prevents us from attempting to correct
+# its content. The best we can do there is clear the problematic cache content
+# and have PyPy repopulate it as needed. The downside is that if there are any
+# stale zipimport.zipimporter instances laying around, attempting to use them
+# will fail due to not having its zip archive directory information available
+# instead of being automatically corrected to use the new correct zip archive
+# directory information.
+if '__pypy__' in sys.builtin_module_names:
+    _replace_zip_directory_cache_data = \
+        _remove_and_clear_zip_directory_cache_data
+else:
+
+    def _replace_zip_directory_cache_data(normalized_path):
+        def replace_cached_zip_archive_directory_data(path, old_entry):
+            # N.B. In theory, we could load the zip directory information just
+            # once for all updated path spellings, and then copy it locally and
+            # update its contained path strings to contain the correct
+            # spelling, but that seems like a way too invasive move (this cache
+            # structure is not officially documented anywhere and could in
+            # theory change with new Python releases) for no significant
+            # benefit.
+            old_entry.clear()
+            zipimport.zipimporter(path)
+            old_entry.update(zipimport._zip_directory_cache[path])
+            return old_entry
+
+        _update_zipimporter_cache(
+            normalized_path, zipimport._zip_directory_cache,
+            updater=replace_cached_zip_archive_directory_data)
+
+
+def is_python(text, filename='<string>'):
+    "Is this string a valid Python script?"
+    try:
+        compile(text, filename, 'exec')
+    except (SyntaxError, TypeError):
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
+
+
+def is_sh(executable):
+    """Determine if the specified executable is a .sh (contains a #! line)"""
+    try:
+        with io.open(executable, encoding='latin-1') as fp:
+            magic = fp.read(2)
+    except (OSError, IOError):
+        return executable
+    return magic == '#!'
+
+
+def nt_quote_arg(arg):
+    """Quote a command line argument according to Windows parsing rules"""
+    return subprocess.list2cmdline([arg])
+
+
+def is_python_script(script_text, filename):
+    """Is this text, as a whole, a Python script? (as opposed to shell/bat/etc.
+    """
+    if filename.endswith('.py') or filename.endswith('.pyw'):
+        return True  # extension says it's Python
+    if is_python(script_text, filename):
+        return True  # it's syntactically valid Python
+    if script_text.startswith('#!'):
+        # It begins with a '#!' line, so check if 'python' is in it somewhere
+        return 'python' in script_text.splitlines()[0].lower()
+
+    return False  # Not any Python I can recognize
+
+
+try:
+    from os import chmod as _chmod
+except ImportError:
+    # Jython compatibility
+    def _chmod(*args):
+        pass
+
+
+def chmod(path, mode):
+    log.debug("changing mode of %s to %o", path, mode)
+    try:
+        _chmod(path, mode)
+    except os.error as e:
+        log.debug("chmod failed: %s", e)
+
+
+class CommandSpec(list):
+    """
+    A command spec for a #! header, specified as a list of arguments akin to
+    those passed to Popen.
+    """
+
+    options = []
+    split_args = dict()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def best(cls):
+        """
+        Choose the best CommandSpec class based on environmental conditions.
+        """
+        return cls
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _sys_executable(cls):
+        _default = os.path.normpath(sys.executable)
+        return os.environ.get('__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__', _default)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_param(cls, param):
+        """
+        Construct a CommandSpec from a parameter to build_scripts, which may
+        be None.
+        """
+        if isinstance(param, cls):
+            return param
+        if isinstance(param, list):
+            return cls(param)
+        if param is None:
+            return cls.from_environment()
+        # otherwise, assume it's a string.
+        return cls.from_string(param)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_environment(cls):
+        return cls([cls._sys_executable()])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_string(cls, string):
+        """
+        Construct a command spec from a simple string representing a command
+        line parseable by shlex.split.
+        """
+        items = shlex.split(string, **cls.split_args)
+        return cls(items)
+
+    def install_options(self, script_text):
+        self.options = shlex.split(self._extract_options(script_text))
+        cmdline = subprocess.list2cmdline(self)
+        if not isascii(cmdline):
+            self.options[:0] = ['-x']
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_options(orig_script):
+        """
+        Extract any options from the first line of the script.
+        """
+        first = (orig_script + '\n').splitlines()[0]
+        match = _first_line_re().match(first)
+        options = match.group(1) or '' if match else ''
+        return options.strip()
+
+    def as_header(self):
+        return self._render(self + list(self.options))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _strip_quotes(item):
+        _QUOTES = '"\''
+        for q in _QUOTES:
+            if item.startswith(q) and item.endswith(q):
+                return item[1:-1]
+        return item
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _render(items):
+        cmdline = subprocess.list2cmdline(
+            CommandSpec._strip_quotes(item.strip()) for item in items)
+        return '#!' + cmdline + '\n'
+
+
+# For pbr compat; will be removed in a future version.
+sys_executable = CommandSpec._sys_executable()
+
+
+class WindowsCommandSpec(CommandSpec):
+    split_args = dict(posix=False)
+
+
+class ScriptWriter:
+    """
+    Encapsulates behavior around writing entry point scripts for console and
+    gui apps.
+    """
+
+    template = textwrap.dedent(r"""
+        # EASY-INSTALL-ENTRY-SCRIPT: %(spec)r,%(group)r,%(name)r
+        import re
+        import sys
+
+        # for compatibility with easy_install; see #2198
+        __requires__ = %(spec)r
+
+        try:
+            from importlib.metadata import distribution
+        except ImportError:
+            try:
+                from importlib_metadata import distribution
+            except ImportError:
+                from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
+
+
+        def importlib_load_entry_point(spec, group, name):
+            dist_name, _, _ = spec.partition('==')
+            matches = (
+                entry_point
+                for entry_point in distribution(dist_name).entry_points
+                if entry_point.group == group and entry_point.name == name
+            )
+            return next(matches).load()
+
+
+        globals().setdefault('load_entry_point', importlib_load_entry_point)
+
+
+        if __name__ == '__main__':
+            sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+            sys.exit(load_entry_point(%(spec)r, %(group)r, %(name)r)())
+        """).lstrip()
+
+    command_spec_class = CommandSpec
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_script_args(cls, dist, executable=None, wininst=False):
+        # for backward compatibility
+        warnings.warn("Use get_args", EasyInstallDeprecationWarning)
+        writer = (WindowsScriptWriter if wininst else ScriptWriter).best()
+        header = cls.get_script_header("", executable, wininst)
+        return writer.get_args(dist, header)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_script_header(cls, script_text, executable=None, wininst=False):
+        # for backward compatibility
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Use get_header", EasyInstallDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        if wininst:
+            executable = "python.exe"
+        return cls.get_header(script_text, executable)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_args(cls, dist, header=None):
+        """
+        Yield write_script() argument tuples for a distribution's
+        console_scripts and gui_scripts entry points.
+        """
+        if header is None:
+            header = cls.get_header()
+        spec = str(dist.as_requirement())
+        for type_ in 'console', 'gui':
+            group = type_ + '_scripts'
+            for name, ep in dist.get_entry_map(group).items():
+                cls._ensure_safe_name(name)
+                script_text = cls.template % locals()
+                args = cls._get_script_args(type_, name, header, script_text)
+                for res in args:
+                    yield res
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _ensure_safe_name(name):
+        """
+        Prevent paths in *_scripts entry point names.
+        """
+        has_path_sep = re.search(r'[\\/]', name)
+        if has_path_sep:
+            raise ValueError("Path separators not allowed in script names")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_writer(cls, force_windows):
+        # for backward compatibility
+        warnings.warn("Use best", EasyInstallDeprecationWarning)
+        return WindowsScriptWriter.best() if force_windows else cls.best()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def best(cls):
+        """
+        Select the best ScriptWriter for this environment.
+        """
+        if sys.platform == 'win32' or (os.name == 'java' and os._name == 'nt'):
+            return WindowsScriptWriter.best()
+        else:
+            return cls
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_script_args(cls, type_, name, header, script_text):
+        # Simply write the stub with no extension.
+        yield (name, header + script_text)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_header(cls, script_text="", executable=None):
+        """Create a #! line, getting options (if any) from script_text"""
+        cmd = cls.command_spec_class.best().from_param(executable)
+        cmd.install_options(script_text)
+        return cmd.as_header()
+
+
+class WindowsScriptWriter(ScriptWriter):
+    command_spec_class = WindowsCommandSpec
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_writer(cls):
+        # for backward compatibility
+        warnings.warn("Use best", EasyInstallDeprecationWarning)
+        return cls.best()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def best(cls):
+        """
+        Select the best ScriptWriter suitable for Windows
+        """
+        writer_lookup = dict(
+            executable=WindowsExecutableLauncherWriter,
+            natural=cls,
+        )
+        # for compatibility, use the executable launcher by default
+        launcher = os.environ.get('SETUPTOOLS_LAUNCHER', 'executable')
+        return writer_lookup[launcher]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_script_args(cls, type_, name, header, script_text):
+        "For Windows, add a .py extension"
+        ext = dict(console='.pya', gui='.pyw')[type_]
+        if ext not in os.environ['PATHEXT'].lower().split(';'):
+            msg = (
+                "{ext} not listed in PATHEXT; scripts will not be "
+                "recognized as executables."
+            ).format(**locals())
+            warnings.warn(msg, UserWarning)
+        old = ['.pya', '.py', '-script.py', '.pyc', '.pyo', '.pyw', '.exe']
+        old.remove(ext)
+        header = cls._adjust_header(type_, header)
+        blockers = [name + x for x in old]
+        yield name + ext, header + script_text, 't', blockers
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _adjust_header(cls, type_, orig_header):
+        """
+        Make sure 'pythonw' is used for gui and 'python' is used for
+        console (regardless of what sys.executable is).
+        """
+        pattern = 'pythonw.exe'
+        repl = 'python.exe'
+        if type_ == 'gui':
+            pattern, repl = repl, pattern
+        pattern_ob = re.compile(re.escape(pattern), re.IGNORECASE)
+        new_header = pattern_ob.sub(string=orig_header, repl=repl)
+        return new_header if cls._use_header(new_header) else orig_header
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _use_header(new_header):
+        """
+        Should _adjust_header use the replaced header?
+
+        On non-windows systems, always use. On
+        Windows systems, only use the replaced header if it resolves
+        to an executable on the system.
+        """
+        clean_header = new_header[2:-1].strip('"')
+        return sys.platform != 'win32' or find_executable(clean_header)
+
+
+class WindowsExecutableLauncherWriter(WindowsScriptWriter):
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_script_args(cls, type_, name, header, script_text):
+        """
+        For Windows, add a .py extension and an .exe launcher
+        """
+        if type_ == 'gui':
+            launcher_type = 'gui'
+            ext = '-script.pyw'
+            old = ['.pyw']
+        else:
+            launcher_type = 'cli'
+            ext = '-script.py'
+            old = ['.py', '.pyc', '.pyo']
+        hdr = cls._adjust_header(type_, header)
+        blockers = [name + x for x in old]
+        yield (name + ext, hdr + script_text, 't', blockers)
+        yield (
+            name + '.exe', get_win_launcher(launcher_type),
+            'b'  # write in binary mode
+        )
+        if not is_64bit():
+            # install a manifest for the launcher to prevent Windows
+            # from detecting it as an installer (which it will for
+            #  launchers like easy_install.exe). Consider only
+            #  adding a manifest for launchers detected as installers.
+            #  See Distribute #143 for details.
+            m_name = name + '.exe.manifest'
+            yield (m_name, load_launcher_manifest(name), 't')
+
+
+# for backward-compatibility
+get_script_args = ScriptWriter.get_script_args
+get_script_header = ScriptWriter.get_script_header
+
+
+def get_win_launcher(type):
+    """
+    Load the Windows launcher (executable) suitable for launching a script.
+
+    `type` should be either 'cli' or 'gui'
+
+    Returns the executable as a byte string.
+    """
+    launcher_fn = '%s.exe' % type
+    if is_64bit():
+        if get_platform() == "win-arm64":
+            launcher_fn = launcher_fn.replace(".", "-arm64.")
+        else:
+            launcher_fn = launcher_fn.replace(".", "-64.")
+    else:
+        launcher_fn = launcher_fn.replace(".", "-32.")
+    return resource_string('setuptools', launcher_fn)
+
+
+def load_launcher_manifest(name):
+    manifest = pkg_resources.resource_string(__name__, 'launcher manifest.xml')
+    return manifest.decode('utf-8') % vars()
+
+
+def rmtree(path, ignore_errors=False, onerror=auto_chmod):
+    return shutil.rmtree(path, ignore_errors, onerror)
+
+
+def current_umask():
+    tmp = os.umask(0o022)
+    os.umask(tmp)
+    return tmp
+
+
+class EasyInstallDeprecationWarning(SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning):
+    """
+    Warning for EasyInstall deprecations, bypassing suppression.
+    """
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f221029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py
@@ -0,0 +1,755 @@
+"""setuptools.command.egg_info
+
+Create a distribution's .egg-info directory and contents"""
+
+from distutils.filelist import FileList as _FileList
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsInternalError
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+import distutils.errors
+import distutils.filelist
+import functools
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import io
+import warnings
+import time
+import collections
+
+from setuptools import Command
+from setuptools.command.sdist import sdist
+from setuptools.command.sdist import walk_revctrl
+from setuptools.command.setopt import edit_config
+from setuptools.command import bdist_egg
+from pkg_resources import (
+    parse_requirements, safe_name, parse_version,
+    safe_version, yield_lines, EntryPoint, iter_entry_points, to_filename)
+import setuptools.unicode_utils as unicode_utils
+from setuptools.glob import glob
+
+from setuptools.extern import packaging
+from setuptools import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+
+def translate_pattern(glob):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (14)  # FIXME
+    """
+    Translate a file path glob like '*.txt' in to a regular expression.
+    This differs from fnmatch.translate which allows wildcards to match
+    directory separators. It also knows about '**/' which matches any number of
+    directories.
+    """
+    pat = ''
+
+    # This will split on '/' within [character classes]. This is deliberate.
+    chunks = glob.split(os.path.sep)
+
+    sep = re.escape(os.sep)
+    valid_char = '[^%s]' % (sep,)
+
+    for c, chunk in enumerate(chunks):
+        last_chunk = c == len(chunks) - 1
+
+        # Chunks that are a literal ** are globstars. They match anything.
+        if chunk == '**':
+            if last_chunk:
+                # Match anything if this is the last component
+                pat += '.*'
+            else:
+                # Match '(name/)*'
+                pat += '(?:%s+%s)*' % (valid_char, sep)
+            continue  # Break here as the whole path component has been handled
+
+        # Find any special characters in the remainder
+        i = 0
+        chunk_len = len(chunk)
+        while i < chunk_len:
+            char = chunk[i]
+            if char == '*':
+                # Match any number of name characters
+                pat += valid_char + '*'
+            elif char == '?':
+                # Match a name character
+                pat += valid_char
+            elif char == '[':
+                # Character class
+                inner_i = i + 1
+                # Skip initial !/] chars
+                if inner_i < chunk_len and chunk[inner_i] == '!':
+                    inner_i = inner_i + 1
+                if inner_i < chunk_len and chunk[inner_i] == ']':
+                    inner_i = inner_i + 1
+
+                # Loop till the closing ] is found
+                while inner_i < chunk_len and chunk[inner_i] != ']':
+                    inner_i = inner_i + 1
+
+                if inner_i >= chunk_len:
+                    # Got to the end of the string without finding a closing ]
+                    # Do not treat this as a matching group, but as a literal [
+                    pat += re.escape(char)
+                else:
+                    # Grab the insides of the [brackets]
+                    inner = chunk[i + 1:inner_i]
+                    char_class = ''
+
+                    # Class negation
+                    if inner[0] == '!':
+                        char_class = '^'
+                        inner = inner[1:]
+
+                    char_class += re.escape(inner)
+                    pat += '[%s]' % (char_class,)
+
+                    # Skip to the end ]
+                    i = inner_i
+            else:
+                pat += re.escape(char)
+            i += 1
+
+        # Join each chunk with the dir separator
+        if not last_chunk:
+            pat += sep
+
+    pat += r'\Z'
+    return re.compile(pat, flags=re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
+
+
+class InfoCommon:
+    tag_build = None
+    tag_date = None
+
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        return safe_name(self.distribution.get_name())
+
+    def tagged_version(self):
+        return safe_version(self._maybe_tag(self.distribution.get_version()))
+
+    def _maybe_tag(self, version):
+        """
+        egg_info may be called more than once for a distribution,
+        in which case the version string already contains all tags.
+        """
+        return (
+            version if self.vtags and version.endswith(self.vtags)
+            else version + self.vtags
+        )
+
+    def tags(self):
+        version = ''
+        if self.tag_build:
+            version += self.tag_build
+        if self.tag_date:
+            version += time.strftime("-%Y%m%d")
+        return version
+    vtags = property(tags)
+
+
+class egg_info(InfoCommon, Command):
+    description = "create a distribution's .egg-info directory"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('egg-base=', 'e', "directory containing .egg-info directories"
+                           " (default: top of the source tree)"),
+        ('tag-date', 'd', "Add date stamp (e.g. 20050528) to version number"),
+        ('tag-build=', 'b', "Specify explicit tag to add to version number"),
+        ('no-date', 'D', "Don't include date stamp [default]"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['tag-date']
+    negative_opt = {
+        'no-date': 'tag-date',
+    }
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.egg_base = None
+        self.egg_name = None
+        self.egg_info = None
+        self.egg_version = None
+        self.broken_egg_info = False
+
+    ####################################
+    # allow the 'tag_svn_revision' to be detected and
+    # set, supporting sdists built on older Setuptools.
+    @property
+    def tag_svn_revision(self):
+        pass
+
+    @tag_svn_revision.setter
+    def tag_svn_revision(self, value):
+        pass
+    ####################################
+
+    def save_version_info(self, filename):
+        """
+        Materialize the value of date into the
+        build tag. Install build keys in a deterministic order
+        to avoid arbitrary reordering on subsequent builds.
+        """
+        egg_info = collections.OrderedDict()
+        # follow the order these keys would have been added
+        # when PYTHONHASHSEED=0
+        egg_info['tag_build'] = self.tags()
+        egg_info['tag_date'] = 0
+        edit_config(filename, dict(egg_info=egg_info))
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        # Note: we need to capture the current value returned
+        # by `self.tagged_version()`, so we can later update
+        # `self.distribution.metadata.version` without
+        # repercussions.
+        self.egg_name = self.name
+        self.egg_version = self.tagged_version()
+        parsed_version = parse_version(self.egg_version)
+
+        try:
+            is_version = isinstance(parsed_version, packaging.version.Version)
+            spec = (
+                "%s==%s" if is_version else "%s===%s"
+            )
+            list(
+                parse_requirements(spec % (self.egg_name, self.egg_version))
+            )
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Invalid distribution name or version syntax: %s-%s" %
+                (self.egg_name, self.egg_version)
+            ) from e
+
+        if self.egg_base is None:
+            dirs = self.distribution.package_dir
+            self.egg_base = (dirs or {}).get('', os.curdir)
+
+        self.ensure_dirname('egg_base')
+        self.egg_info = to_filename(self.egg_name) + '.egg-info'
+        if self.egg_base != os.curdir:
+            self.egg_info = os.path.join(self.egg_base, self.egg_info)
+        if '-' in self.egg_name:
+            self.check_broken_egg_info()
+
+        # Set package version for the benefit of dumber commands
+        # (e.g. sdist, bdist_wininst, etc.)
+        #
+        self.distribution.metadata.version = self.egg_version
+
+        # If we bootstrapped around the lack of a PKG-INFO, as might be the
+        # case in a fresh checkout, make sure that any special tags get added
+        # to the version info
+        #
+        pd = self.distribution._patched_dist
+        if pd is not None and pd.key == self.egg_name.lower():
+            pd._version = self.egg_version
+            pd._parsed_version = parse_version(self.egg_version)
+            self.distribution._patched_dist = None
+
+    def write_or_delete_file(self, what, filename, data, force=False):
+        """Write `data` to `filename` or delete if empty
+
+        If `data` is non-empty, this routine is the same as ``write_file()``.
+        If `data` is empty but not ``None``, this is the same as calling
+        ``delete_file(filename)`.  If `data` is ``None``, then this is a no-op
+        unless `filename` exists, in which case a warning is issued about the
+        orphaned file (if `force` is false), or deleted (if `force` is true).
+        """
+        if data:
+            self.write_file(what, filename, data)
+        elif os.path.exists(filename):
+            if data is None and not force:
+                log.warn(
+                    "%s not set in setup(), but %s exists", what, filename
+                )
+                return
+            else:
+                self.delete_file(filename)
+
+    def write_file(self, what, filename, data):
+        """Write `data` to `filename` (if not a dry run) after announcing it
+
+        `what` is used in a log message to identify what is being written
+        to the file.
+        """
+        log.info("writing %s to %s", what, filename)
+        data = data.encode("utf-8")
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            f = open(filename, 'wb')
+            f.write(data)
+            f.close()
+
+    def delete_file(self, filename):
+        """Delete `filename` (if not a dry run) after announcing it"""
+        log.info("deleting %s", filename)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            os.unlink(filename)
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.mkpath(self.egg_info)
+        os.utime(self.egg_info, None)
+        installer = self.distribution.fetch_build_egg
+        for ep in iter_entry_points('egg_info.writers'):
+            ep.require(installer=installer)
+            writer = ep.resolve()
+            writer(self, ep.name, os.path.join(self.egg_info, ep.name))
+
+        # Get rid of native_libs.txt if it was put there by older bdist_egg
+        nl = os.path.join(self.egg_info, "native_libs.txt")
+        if os.path.exists(nl):
+            self.delete_file(nl)
+
+        self.find_sources()
+
+    def find_sources(self):
+        """Generate SOURCES.txt manifest file"""
+        manifest_filename = os.path.join(self.egg_info, "SOURCES.txt")
+        mm = manifest_maker(self.distribution)
+        mm.manifest = manifest_filename
+        mm.run()
+        self.filelist = mm.filelist
+
+    def check_broken_egg_info(self):
+        bei = self.egg_name + '.egg-info'
+        if self.egg_base != os.curdir:
+            bei = os.path.join(self.egg_base, bei)
+        if os.path.exists(bei):
+            log.warn(
+                "-" * 78 + '\n'
+                "Note: Your current .egg-info directory has a '-' in its name;"
+                '\nthis will not work correctly with "setup.py develop".\n\n'
+                'Please rename %s to %s to correct this problem.\n' + '-' * 78,
+                bei, self.egg_info
+            )
+            self.broken_egg_info = self.egg_info
+            self.egg_info = bei  # make it work for now
+
+
+class FileList(_FileList):
+    # Implementations of the various MANIFEST.in commands
+
+    def process_template_line(self, line):
+        # Parse the line: split it up, make sure the right number of words
+        # is there, and return the relevant words.  'action' is always
+        # defined: it's the first word of the line.  Which of the other
+        # three are defined depends on the action; it'll be either
+        # patterns, (dir and patterns), or (dir_pattern).
+        (action, patterns, dir, dir_pattern) = self._parse_template_line(line)
+
+        action_map = {
+            'include': self.include,
+            'exclude': self.exclude,
+            'global-include': self.global_include,
+            'global-exclude': self.global_exclude,
+            'recursive-include': functools.partial(
+                self.recursive_include, dir,
+            ),
+            'recursive-exclude': functools.partial(
+                self.recursive_exclude, dir,
+            ),
+            'graft': self.graft,
+            'prune': self.prune,
+        }
+        log_map = {
+            'include': "warning: no files found matching '%s'",
+            'exclude': (
+                "warning: no previously-included files found "
+                "matching '%s'"
+            ),
+            'global-include': (
+                "warning: no files found matching '%s' "
+                "anywhere in distribution"
+            ),
+            'global-exclude': (
+                "warning: no previously-included files matching "
+                "'%s' found anywhere in distribution"
+            ),
+            'recursive-include': (
+                "warning: no files found matching '%s' "
+                "under directory '%s'"
+            ),
+            'recursive-exclude': (
+                "warning: no previously-included files matching "
+                "'%s' found under directory '%s'"
+            ),
+            'graft': "warning: no directories found matching '%s'",
+            'prune': "no previously-included directories found matching '%s'",
+        }
+
+        try:
+            process_action = action_map[action]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise DistutilsInternalError(
+                "this cannot happen: invalid action '{action!s}'".
+                format(action=action),
+            )
+
+        # OK, now we know that the action is valid and we have the
+        # right number of words on the line for that action -- so we
+        # can proceed with minimal error-checking.
+
+        action_is_recursive = action.startswith('recursive-')
+        if action in {'graft', 'prune'}:
+            patterns = [dir_pattern]
+        extra_log_args = (dir, ) if action_is_recursive else ()
+        log_tmpl = log_map[action]
+
+        self.debug_print(
+            ' '.join(
+                [action] +
+                ([dir] if action_is_recursive else []) +
+                patterns,
+            )
+        )
+        for pattern in patterns:
+            if not process_action(pattern):
+                log.warn(log_tmpl, pattern, *extra_log_args)
+
+    def _remove_files(self, predicate):
+        """
+        Remove all files from the file list that match the predicate.
+        Return True if any matching files were removed
+        """
+        found = False
+        for i in range(len(self.files) - 1, -1, -1):
+            if predicate(self.files[i]):
+                self.debug_print(" removing " + self.files[i])
+                del self.files[i]
+                found = True
+        return found
+
+    def include(self, pattern):
+        """Include files that match 'pattern'."""
+        found = [f for f in glob(pattern) if not os.path.isdir(f)]
+        self.extend(found)
+        return bool(found)
+
+    def exclude(self, pattern):
+        """Exclude files that match 'pattern'."""
+        match = translate_pattern(pattern)
+        return self._remove_files(match.match)
+
+    def recursive_include(self, dir, pattern):
+        """
+        Include all files anywhere in 'dir/' that match the pattern.
+        """
+        full_pattern = os.path.join(dir, '**', pattern)
+        found = [f for f in glob(full_pattern, recursive=True)
+                 if not os.path.isdir(f)]
+        self.extend(found)
+        return bool(found)
+
+    def recursive_exclude(self, dir, pattern):
+        """
+        Exclude any file anywhere in 'dir/' that match the pattern.
+        """
+        match = translate_pattern(os.path.join(dir, '**', pattern))
+        return self._remove_files(match.match)
+
+    def graft(self, dir):
+        """Include all files from 'dir/'."""
+        found = [
+            item
+            for match_dir in glob(dir)
+            for item in distutils.filelist.findall(match_dir)
+        ]
+        self.extend(found)
+        return bool(found)
+
+    def prune(self, dir):
+        """Filter out files from 'dir/'."""
+        match = translate_pattern(os.path.join(dir, '**'))
+        return self._remove_files(match.match)
+
+    def global_include(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Include all files anywhere in the current directory that match the
+        pattern. This is very inefficient on large file trees.
+        """
+        if self.allfiles is None:
+            self.findall()
+        match = translate_pattern(os.path.join('**', pattern))
+        found = [f for f in self.allfiles if match.match(f)]
+        self.extend(found)
+        return bool(found)
+
+    def global_exclude(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Exclude all files anywhere that match the pattern.
+        """
+        match = translate_pattern(os.path.join('**', pattern))
+        return self._remove_files(match.match)
+
+    def append(self, item):
+        if item.endswith('\r'):  # Fix older sdists built on Windows
+            item = item[:-1]
+        path = convert_path(item)
+
+        if self._safe_path(path):
+            self.files.append(path)
+
+    def extend(self, paths):
+        self.files.extend(filter(self._safe_path, paths))
+
+    def _repair(self):
+        """
+        Replace self.files with only safe paths
+
+        Because some owners of FileList manipulate the underlying
+        ``files`` attribute directly, this method must be called to
+        repair those paths.
+        """
+        self.files = list(filter(self._safe_path, self.files))
+
+    def _safe_path(self, path):
+        enc_warn = "'%s' not %s encodable -- skipping"
+
+        # To avoid accidental trans-codings errors, first to unicode
+        u_path = unicode_utils.filesys_decode(path)
+        if u_path is None:
+            log.warn("'%s' in unexpected encoding -- skipping" % path)
+            return False
+
+        # Must ensure utf-8 encodability
+        utf8_path = unicode_utils.try_encode(u_path, "utf-8")
+        if utf8_path is None:
+            log.warn(enc_warn, path, 'utf-8')
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            # accept is either way checks out
+            if os.path.exists(u_path) or os.path.exists(utf8_path):
+                return True
+        # this will catch any encode errors decoding u_path
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            log.warn(enc_warn, path, sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+
+
+class manifest_maker(sdist):
+    template = "MANIFEST.in"
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.use_defaults = 1
+        self.prune = 1
+        self.manifest_only = 1
+        self.force_manifest = 1
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        pass
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.filelist = FileList()
+        if not os.path.exists(self.manifest):
+            self.write_manifest()  # it must exist so it'll get in the list
+        self.add_defaults()
+        if os.path.exists(self.template):
+            self.read_template()
+        self.add_license_files()
+        self.prune_file_list()
+        self.filelist.sort()
+        self.filelist.remove_duplicates()
+        self.write_manifest()
+
+    def _manifest_normalize(self, path):
+        path = unicode_utils.filesys_decode(path)
+        return path.replace(os.sep, '/')
+
+    def write_manifest(self):
+        """
+        Write the file list in 'self.filelist' to the manifest file
+        named by 'self.manifest'.
+        """
+        self.filelist._repair()
+
+        # Now _repairs should encodability, but not unicode
+        files = [self._manifest_normalize(f) for f in self.filelist.files]
+        msg = "writing manifest file '%s'" % self.manifest
+        self.execute(write_file, (self.manifest, files), msg)
+
+    def warn(self, msg):
+        if not self._should_suppress_warning(msg):
+            sdist.warn(self, msg)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _should_suppress_warning(msg):
+        """
+        suppress missing-file warnings from sdist
+        """
+        return re.match(r"standard file .*not found", msg)
+
+    def add_defaults(self):
+        sdist.add_defaults(self)
+        self.filelist.append(self.template)
+        self.filelist.append(self.manifest)
+        rcfiles = list(walk_revctrl())
+        if rcfiles:
+            self.filelist.extend(rcfiles)
+        elif os.path.exists(self.manifest):
+            self.read_manifest()
+
+        if os.path.exists("setup.py"):
+            # setup.py should be included by default, even if it's not
+            # the script called to create the sdist
+            self.filelist.append("setup.py")
+
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('egg_info')
+        self.filelist.graft(ei_cmd.egg_info)
+
+    def add_license_files(self):
+        license_files = self.distribution.metadata.license_files or []
+        for lf in license_files:
+            log.info("adding license file '%s'", lf)
+            pass
+        self.filelist.extend(license_files)
+
+    def prune_file_list(self):
+        build = self.get_finalized_command('build')
+        base_dir = self.distribution.get_fullname()
+        self.filelist.prune(build.build_base)
+        self.filelist.prune(base_dir)
+        sep = re.escape(os.sep)
+        self.filelist.exclude_pattern(r'(^|' + sep + r')(RCS|CVS|\.svn)' + sep,
+                                      is_regex=1)
+
+    def _safe_data_files(self, build_py):
+        """
+        The parent class implementation of this method
+        (``sdist``) will try to include data files, which
+        might cause recursion problems when
+        ``include_package_data=True``.
+
+        Therefore, avoid triggering any attempt of
+        analyzing/building the manifest again.
+        """
+        if hasattr(build_py, 'get_data_files_without_manifest'):
+            return build_py.get_data_files_without_manifest()
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Custom 'build_py' does not implement "
+            "'get_data_files_without_manifest'.\nPlease extend command classes"
+            " from setuptools instead of distutils.",
+            SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+        )
+        return build_py.get_data_files()
+
+
+def write_file(filename, contents):
+    """Create a file with the specified name and write 'contents' (a
+    sequence of strings without line terminators) to it.
+    """
+    contents = "\n".join(contents)
+
+    # assuming the contents has been vetted for utf-8 encoding
+    contents = contents.encode("utf-8")
+
+    with open(filename, "wb") as f:  # always write POSIX-style manifest
+        f.write(contents)
+
+
+def write_pkg_info(cmd, basename, filename):
+    log.info("writing %s", filename)
+    if not cmd.dry_run:
+        metadata = cmd.distribution.metadata
+        metadata.version, oldver = cmd.egg_version, metadata.version
+        metadata.name, oldname = cmd.egg_name, metadata.name
+
+        try:
+            # write unescaped data to PKG-INFO, so older pkg_resources
+            # can still parse it
+            metadata.write_pkg_info(cmd.egg_info)
+        finally:
+            metadata.name, metadata.version = oldname, oldver
+
+        safe = getattr(cmd.distribution, 'zip_safe', None)
+
+        bdist_egg.write_safety_flag(cmd.egg_info, safe)
+
+
+def warn_depends_obsolete(cmd, basename, filename):
+    if os.path.exists(filename):
+        log.warn(
+            "WARNING: 'depends.txt' is not used by setuptools 0.6!\n"
+            "Use the install_requires/extras_require setup() args instead."
+        )
+
+
+def _write_requirements(stream, reqs):
+    lines = yield_lines(reqs or ())
+
+    def append_cr(line):
+        return line + '\n'
+    lines = map(append_cr, lines)
+    stream.writelines(lines)
+
+
+def write_requirements(cmd, basename, filename):
+    dist = cmd.distribution
+    data = io.StringIO()
+    _write_requirements(data, dist.install_requires)
+    extras_require = dist.extras_require or {}
+    for extra in sorted(extras_require):
+        data.write('\n[{extra}]\n'.format(**vars()))
+        _write_requirements(data, extras_require[extra])
+    cmd.write_or_delete_file("requirements", filename, data.getvalue())
+
+
+def write_setup_requirements(cmd, basename, filename):
+    data = io.StringIO()
+    _write_requirements(data, cmd.distribution.setup_requires)
+    cmd.write_or_delete_file("setup-requirements", filename, data.getvalue())
+
+
+def write_toplevel_names(cmd, basename, filename):
+    pkgs = dict.fromkeys(
+        [
+            k.split('.', 1)[0]
+            for k in cmd.distribution.iter_distribution_names()
+        ]
+    )
+    cmd.write_file("top-level names", filename, '\n'.join(sorted(pkgs)) + '\n')
+
+
+def overwrite_arg(cmd, basename, filename):
+    write_arg(cmd, basename, filename, True)
+
+
+def write_arg(cmd, basename, filename, force=False):
+    argname = os.path.splitext(basename)[0]
+    value = getattr(cmd.distribution, argname, None)
+    if value is not None:
+        value = '\n'.join(value) + '\n'
+    cmd.write_or_delete_file(argname, filename, value, force)
+
+
+def write_entries(cmd, basename, filename):
+    ep = cmd.distribution.entry_points
+
+    if isinstance(ep, str) or ep is None:
+        data = ep
+    elif ep is not None:
+        data = []
+        for section, contents in sorted(ep.items()):
+            if not isinstance(contents, str):
+                contents = EntryPoint.parse_group(section, contents)
+                contents = '\n'.join(sorted(map(str, contents.values())))
+            data.append('[%s]\n%s\n\n' % (section, contents))
+        data = ''.join(data)
+
+    cmd.write_or_delete_file('entry points', filename, data, True)
+
+
+def get_pkg_info_revision():
+    """
+    Get a -r### off of PKG-INFO Version in case this is an sdist of
+    a subversion revision.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "get_pkg_info_revision is deprecated.", EggInfoDeprecationWarning)
+    if os.path.exists('PKG-INFO'):
+        with io.open('PKG-INFO') as f:
+            for line in f:
+                match = re.match(r"Version:.*-r(\d+)\s*$", line)
+                if match:
+                    return int(match.group(1))
+    return 0
+
+
+class EggInfoDeprecationWarning(SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning):
+    """Deprecated behavior warning for EggInfo, bypassing suppression."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35e54d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsArgError
+import inspect
+import glob
+import warnings
+import platform
+import distutils.command.install as orig
+
+import setuptools
+
+# Prior to numpy 1.9, NumPy relies on the '_install' name, so provide it for
+# now. See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/199/
+_install = orig.install
+
+
+class install(orig.install):
+    """Use easy_install to install the package, w/dependencies"""
+
+    user_options = orig.install.user_options + [
+        ('old-and-unmanageable', None, "Try not to use this!"),
+        ('single-version-externally-managed', None,
+         "used by system package builders to create 'flat' eggs"),
+    ]
+    boolean_options = orig.install.boolean_options + [
+        'old-and-unmanageable', 'single-version-externally-managed',
+    ]
+    new_commands = [
+        ('install_egg_info', lambda self: True),
+        ('install_scripts', lambda self: True),
+    ]
+    _nc = dict(new_commands)
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "setup.py install is deprecated. "
+            "Use build and pip and other standards-based tools.",
+            setuptools.SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+        orig.install.initialize_options(self)
+        self.old_and_unmanageable = None
+        self.single_version_externally_managed = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        orig.install.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.root:
+            self.single_version_externally_managed = True
+        elif self.single_version_externally_managed:
+            if not self.root and not self.record:
+                raise DistutilsArgError(
+                    "You must specify --record or --root when building system"
+                    " packages"
+                )
+
+    def handle_extra_path(self):
+        if self.root or self.single_version_externally_managed:
+            # explicit backward-compatibility mode, allow extra_path to work
+            return orig.install.handle_extra_path(self)
+
+        # Ignore extra_path when installing an egg (or being run by another
+        # command without --root or --single-version-externally-managed
+        self.path_file = None
+        self.extra_dirs = ''
+
+    def run(self):
+        # Explicit request for old-style install?  Just do it
+        if self.old_and_unmanageable or self.single_version_externally_managed:
+            return orig.install.run(self)
+
+        if not self._called_from_setup(inspect.currentframe()):
+            # Run in backward-compatibility mode to support bdist_* commands.
+            orig.install.run(self)
+        else:
+            self.do_egg_install()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _called_from_setup(run_frame):
+        """
+        Attempt to detect whether run() was called from setup() or by another
+        command.  If called by setup(), the parent caller will be the
+        'run_command' method in 'distutils.dist', and *its* caller will be
+        the 'run_commands' method.  If called any other way, the
+        immediate caller *might* be 'run_command', but it won't have been
+        called by 'run_commands'. Return True in that case or if a call stack
+        is unavailable. Return False otherwise.
+        """
+        if run_frame is None:
+            msg = "Call stack not available. bdist_* commands may fail."
+            warnings.warn(msg)
+            if platform.python_implementation() == 'IronPython':
+                msg = "For best results, pass -X:Frames to enable call stack."
+                warnings.warn(msg)
+            return True
+        res = inspect.getouterframes(run_frame)[2]
+        caller, = res[:1]
+        info = inspect.getframeinfo(caller)
+        caller_module = caller.f_globals.get('__name__', '')
+        return (
+            caller_module == 'distutils.dist'
+            and info.function == 'run_commands'
+        )
+
+    def do_egg_install(self):
+
+        easy_install = self.distribution.get_command_class('easy_install')
+
+        cmd = easy_install(
+            self.distribution, args="x", root=self.root, record=self.record,
+        )
+        cmd.ensure_finalized()  # finalize before bdist_egg munges install cmd
+        cmd.always_copy_from = '.'  # make sure local-dir eggs get installed
+
+        # pick up setup-dir .egg files only: no .egg-info
+        cmd.package_index.scan(glob.glob('*.egg'))
+
+        self.run_command('bdist_egg')
+        args = [self.distribution.get_command_obj('bdist_egg').egg_output]
+
+        if setuptools.bootstrap_install_from:
+            # Bootstrap self-installation of setuptools
+            args.insert(0, setuptools.bootstrap_install_from)
+
+        cmd.args = args
+        cmd.run(show_deprecation=False)
+        setuptools.bootstrap_install_from = None
+
+
+# XXX Python 3.1 doesn't see _nc if this is inside the class
+install.sub_commands = (
+    [cmd for cmd in orig.install.sub_commands if cmd[0] not in install._nc] +
+    install.new_commands
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_egg_info.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_egg_info.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..edc4718
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_egg_info.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+from distutils import log, dir_util
+import os
+
+from setuptools import Command
+from setuptools import namespaces
+from setuptools.archive_util import unpack_archive
+import pkg_resources
+
+
+class install_egg_info(namespaces.Installer, Command):
+    """Install an .egg-info directory for the package"""
+
+    description = "Install an .egg-info directory for the package"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('install-dir=', 'd', "directory to install to"),
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.install_dir = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('install_lib',
+                                   ('install_dir', 'install_dir'))
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+        basename = pkg_resources.Distribution(
+            None, None, ei_cmd.egg_name, ei_cmd.egg_version
+        ).egg_name() + '.egg-info'
+        self.source = ei_cmd.egg_info
+        self.target = os.path.join(self.install_dir, basename)
+        self.outputs = []
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+        if os.path.isdir(self.target) and not os.path.islink(self.target):
+            dir_util.remove_tree(self.target, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+        elif os.path.exists(self.target):
+            self.execute(os.unlink, (self.target,), "Removing " + self.target)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            pkg_resources.ensure_directory(self.target)
+        self.execute(
+            self.copytree, (), "Copying %s to %s" % (self.source, self.target)
+        )
+        self.install_namespaces()
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return self.outputs
+
+    def copytree(self):
+        # Copy the .egg-info tree to site-packages
+        def skimmer(src, dst):
+            # filter out source-control directories; note that 'src' is always
+            # a '/'-separated path, regardless of platform.  'dst' is a
+            # platform-specific path.
+            for skip in '.svn/', 'CVS/':
+                if src.startswith(skip) or '/' + skip in src:
+                    return None
+            self.outputs.append(dst)
+            log.debug("Copying %s to %s", src, dst)
+            return dst
+
+        unpack_archive(self.source, self.target, skimmer)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e9d875
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+import os
+import sys
+from itertools import product, starmap
+import distutils.command.install_lib as orig
+
+
+class install_lib(orig.install_lib):
+    """Don't add compiled flags to filenames of non-Python files"""
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.build()
+        outfiles = self.install()
+        if outfiles is not None:
+            # always compile, in case we have any extension stubs to deal with
+            self.byte_compile(outfiles)
+
+    def get_exclusions(self):
+        """
+        Return a collections.Sized collections.Container of paths to be
+        excluded for single_version_externally_managed installations.
+        """
+        all_packages = (
+            pkg
+            for ns_pkg in self._get_SVEM_NSPs()
+            for pkg in self._all_packages(ns_pkg)
+        )
+
+        excl_specs = product(all_packages, self._gen_exclusion_paths())
+        return set(starmap(self._exclude_pkg_path, excl_specs))
+
+    def _exclude_pkg_path(self, pkg, exclusion_path):
+        """
+        Given a package name and exclusion path within that package,
+        compute the full exclusion path.
+        """
+        parts = pkg.split('.') + [exclusion_path]
+        return os.path.join(self.install_dir, *parts)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _all_packages(pkg_name):
+        """
+        >>> list(install_lib._all_packages('foo.bar.baz'))
+        ['foo.bar.baz', 'foo.bar', 'foo']
+        """
+        while pkg_name:
+            yield pkg_name
+            pkg_name, sep, child = pkg_name.rpartition('.')
+
+    def _get_SVEM_NSPs(self):
+        """
+        Get namespace packages (list) but only for
+        single_version_externally_managed installations and empty otherwise.
+        """
+        # TODO: is it necessary to short-circuit here? i.e. what's the cost
+        # if get_finalized_command is called even when namespace_packages is
+        # False?
+        if not self.distribution.namespace_packages:
+            return []
+
+        install_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('install')
+        svem = install_cmd.single_version_externally_managed
+
+        return self.distribution.namespace_packages if svem else []
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _gen_exclusion_paths():
+        """
+        Generate file paths to be excluded for namespace packages (bytecode
+        cache files).
+        """
+        # always exclude the package module itself
+        yield '__init__.py'
+
+        yield '__init__.pyc'
+        yield '__init__.pyo'
+
+        if not hasattr(sys, 'implementation'):
+            return
+
+        base = os.path.join(
+            '__pycache__', '__init__.' + sys.implementation.cache_tag)
+        yield base + '.pyc'
+        yield base + '.pyo'
+        yield base + '.opt-1.pyc'
+        yield base + '.opt-2.pyc'
+
+    def copy_tree(
+            self, infile, outfile,
+            preserve_mode=1, preserve_times=1, preserve_symlinks=0, level=1
+    ):
+        assert preserve_mode and preserve_times and not preserve_symlinks
+        exclude = self.get_exclusions()
+
+        if not exclude:
+            return orig.install_lib.copy_tree(self, infile, outfile)
+
+        # Exclude namespace package __init__.py* files from the output
+
+        from setuptools.archive_util import unpack_directory
+        from distutils import log
+
+        outfiles = []
+
+        def pf(src, dst):
+            if dst in exclude:
+                log.warn("Skipping installation of %s (namespace package)",
+                         dst)
+                return False
+
+            log.info("copying %s -> %s", src, os.path.dirname(dst))
+            outfiles.append(dst)
+            return dst
+
+        unpack_directory(infile, outfile, pf)
+        return outfiles
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        outputs = orig.install_lib.get_outputs(self)
+        exclude = self.get_exclusions()
+        if exclude:
+            return [f for f in outputs if f not in exclude]
+        return outputs
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_scripts.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_scripts.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cd8eb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_scripts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+from distutils import log
+import distutils.command.install_scripts as orig
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsModuleError
+import os
+import sys
+
+from pkg_resources import Distribution, PathMetadata, ensure_directory
+
+
+class install_scripts(orig.install_scripts):
+    """Do normal script install, plus any egg_info wrapper scripts"""
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        orig.install_scripts.initialize_options(self)
+        self.no_ep = False
+
+    def run(self):
+        import setuptools.command.easy_install as ei
+
+        self.run_command("egg_info")
+        if self.distribution.scripts:
+            orig.install_scripts.run(self)  # run first to set up self.outfiles
+        else:
+            self.outfiles = []
+        if self.no_ep:
+            # don't install entry point scripts into .egg file!
+            return
+
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+        dist = Distribution(
+            ei_cmd.egg_base, PathMetadata(ei_cmd.egg_base, ei_cmd.egg_info),
+            ei_cmd.egg_name, ei_cmd.egg_version,
+        )
+        bs_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('build_scripts')
+        exec_param = getattr(bs_cmd, 'executable', None)
+        try:
+            bw_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("bdist_wininst")
+            is_wininst = getattr(bw_cmd, '_is_running', False)
+        except (ImportError, DistutilsModuleError):
+            is_wininst = False
+        writer = ei.ScriptWriter
+        if is_wininst:
+            exec_param = "python.exe"
+            writer = ei.WindowsScriptWriter
+        if exec_param == sys.executable:
+            # In case the path to the Python executable contains a space, wrap
+            # it so it's not split up.
+            exec_param = [exec_param]
+        # resolve the writer to the environment
+        writer = writer.best()
+        cmd = writer.command_spec_class.best().from_param(exec_param)
+        for args in writer.get_args(dist, cmd.as_header()):
+            self.write_script(*args)
+
+    def write_script(self, script_name, contents, mode="t", *ignored):
+        """Write an executable file to the scripts directory"""
+        from setuptools.command.easy_install import chmod, current_umask
+
+        log.info("Installing %s script to %s", script_name, self.install_dir)
+        target = os.path.join(self.install_dir, script_name)
+        self.outfiles.append(target)
+
+        mask = current_umask()
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            ensure_directory(target)
+            f = open(target, "w" + mode)
+            f.write(contents)
+            f.close()
+            chmod(target, 0o777 - mask)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/launcher manifest.xml b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/launcher manifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5972a96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/launcher manifest.xml	
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
+    <assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0"
+                      processorArchitecture="X86"
+                      name="%(name)s"
+                      type="win32"/>
+    <!-- Identify the application security requirements. -->
+    <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
+        <security>
+            <requestedPrivileges>
+                <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false"/>
+            </requestedPrivileges>
+        </security>
+    </trustInfo>
+</assembly>
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/py36compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/py36compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..343547a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/py36compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+import os
+from glob import glob
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils.command import sdist
+
+
+class sdist_add_defaults:
+    """
+    Mix-in providing forward-compatibility for functionality as found in
+    distutils on Python 3.7.
+
+    Do not edit the code in this class except to update functionality
+    as implemented in distutils. Instead, override in the subclass.
+    """
+
+    def add_defaults(self):
+        """Add all the default files to self.filelist:
+          - README or README.txt
+          - setup.py
+          - test/test*.py
+          - all pure Python modules mentioned in setup script
+          - all files pointed by package_data (build_py)
+          - all files defined in data_files.
+          - all files defined as scripts.
+          - all C sources listed as part of extensions or C libraries
+            in the setup script (doesn't catch C headers!)
+        Warns if (README or README.txt) or setup.py are missing; everything
+        else is optional.
+        """
+        self._add_defaults_standards()
+        self._add_defaults_optional()
+        self._add_defaults_python()
+        self._add_defaults_data_files()
+        self._add_defaults_ext()
+        self._add_defaults_c_libs()
+        self._add_defaults_scripts()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _cs_path_exists(fspath):
+        """
+        Case-sensitive path existence check
+
+        >>> sdist_add_defaults._cs_path_exists(__file__)
+        True
+        >>> sdist_add_defaults._cs_path_exists(__file__.upper())
+        False
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(fspath):
+            return False
+        # make absolute so we always have a directory
+        abspath = os.path.abspath(fspath)
+        directory, filename = os.path.split(abspath)
+        return filename in os.listdir(directory)
+
+    def _add_defaults_standards(self):
+        standards = [self.READMES, self.distribution.script_name]
+        for fn in standards:
+            if isinstance(fn, tuple):
+                alts = fn
+                got_it = False
+                for fn in alts:
+                    if self._cs_path_exists(fn):
+                        got_it = True
+                        self.filelist.append(fn)
+                        break
+
+                if not got_it:
+                    self.warn("standard file not found: should have one of " +
+                              ', '.join(alts))
+            else:
+                if self._cs_path_exists(fn):
+                    self.filelist.append(fn)
+                else:
+                    self.warn("standard file '%s' not found" % fn)
+
+    def _add_defaults_optional(self):
+        optional = ['test/test*.py', 'setup.cfg']
+        for pattern in optional:
+            files = filter(os.path.isfile, glob(pattern))
+            self.filelist.extend(files)
+
+    def _add_defaults_python(self):
+        # build_py is used to get:
+        #  - python modules
+        #  - files defined in package_data
+        build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+
+        # getting python files
+        if self.distribution.has_pure_modules():
+            self.filelist.extend(build_py.get_source_files())
+
+        # getting package_data files
+        # (computed in build_py.data_files by build_py.finalize_options)
+        for pkg, src_dir, build_dir, filenames in build_py.data_files:
+            for filename in filenames:
+                self.filelist.append(os.path.join(src_dir, filename))
+
+    def _add_defaults_data_files(self):
+        # getting distribution.data_files
+        if self.distribution.has_data_files():
+            for item in self.distribution.data_files:
+                if isinstance(item, str):
+                    # plain file
+                    item = convert_path(item)
+                    if os.path.isfile(item):
+                        self.filelist.append(item)
+                else:
+                    # a (dirname, filenames) tuple
+                    dirname, filenames = item
+                    for f in filenames:
+                        f = convert_path(f)
+                        if os.path.isfile(f):
+                            self.filelist.append(f)
+
+    def _add_defaults_ext(self):
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            build_ext = self.get_finalized_command('build_ext')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_ext.get_source_files())
+
+    def _add_defaults_c_libs(self):
+        if self.distribution.has_c_libraries():
+            build_clib = self.get_finalized_command('build_clib')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_clib.get_source_files())
+
+    def _add_defaults_scripts(self):
+        if self.distribution.has_scripts():
+            build_scripts = self.get_finalized_command('build_scripts')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_scripts.get_source_files())
+
+
+if hasattr(sdist.sdist, '_add_defaults_standards'):
+    # disable the functionality already available upstream
+    class sdist_add_defaults:  # noqa
+        pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/register.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/register.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8266b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/register.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from distutils import log
+import distutils.command.register as orig
+
+from setuptools.errors import RemovedCommandError
+
+
+class register(orig.register):
+    """Formerly used to register packages on PyPI."""
+
+    def run(self):
+        msg = (
+            "The register command has been removed, use twine to upload "
+            + "instead (https://pypi.org/p/twine)"
+        )
+
+        self.announce("ERROR: " + msg, log.ERROR)
+
+        raise RemovedCommandError(msg)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/rotate.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/rotate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74795ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/rotate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+import os
+import shutil
+
+from setuptools import Command
+
+
+class rotate(Command):
+    """Delete older distributions"""
+
+    description = "delete older distributions, keeping N newest files"
+    user_options = [
+        ('match=', 'm', "patterns to match (required)"),
+        ('dist-dir=', 'd', "directory where the distributions are"),
+        ('keep=', 'k', "number of matching distributions to keep"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = []
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.match = None
+        self.dist_dir = None
+        self.keep = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        if self.match is None:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Must specify one or more (comma-separated) match patterns "
+                "(e.g. '.zip' or '.egg')"
+            )
+        if self.keep is None:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("Must specify number of files to keep")
+        try:
+            self.keep = int(self.keep)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("--keep must be an integer") from e
+        if isinstance(self.match, str):
+            self.match = [
+                convert_path(p.strip()) for p in self.match.split(',')
+            ]
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist', ('dist_dir', 'dist_dir'))
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.run_command("egg_info")
+        from glob import glob
+
+        for pattern in self.match:
+            pattern = self.distribution.get_name() + '*' + pattern
+            files = glob(os.path.join(self.dist_dir, pattern))
+            files = [(os.path.getmtime(f), f) for f in files]
+            files.sort()
+            files.reverse()
+
+            log.info("%d file(s) matching %s", len(files), pattern)
+            files = files[self.keep:]
+            for (t, f) in files:
+                log.info("Deleting %s", f)
+                if not self.dry_run:
+                    if os.path.isdir(f):
+                        shutil.rmtree(f)
+                    else:
+                        os.unlink(f)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/saveopts.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/saveopts.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..611cec5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/saveopts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from setuptools.command.setopt import edit_config, option_base
+
+
+class saveopts(option_base):
+    """Save command-line options to a file"""
+
+    description = "save supplied options to setup.cfg or other config file"
+
+    def run(self):
+        dist = self.distribution
+        settings = {}
+
+        for cmd in dist.command_options:
+
+            if cmd == 'saveopts':
+                continue  # don't save our own options!
+
+            for opt, (src, val) in dist.get_option_dict(cmd).items():
+                if src == "command line":
+                    settings.setdefault(cmd, {})[opt] = val
+
+        edit_config(self.filename, settings, self.dry_run)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/sdist.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/sdist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0285b69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/sdist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+from distutils import log
+import distutils.command.sdist as orig
+import os
+import sys
+import io
+import contextlib
+
+from .py36compat import sdist_add_defaults
+
+import pkg_resources
+
+_default_revctrl = list
+
+
+def walk_revctrl(dirname=''):
+    """Find all files under revision control"""
+    for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('setuptools.file_finders'):
+        for item in ep.load()(dirname):
+            yield item
+
+
+class sdist(sdist_add_defaults, orig.sdist):
+    """Smart sdist that finds anything supported by revision control"""
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('formats=', None,
+         "formats for source distribution (comma-separated list)"),
+        ('keep-temp', 'k',
+         "keep the distribution tree around after creating " +
+         "archive file(s)"),
+        ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+         "directory to put the source distribution archive(s) in "
+         "[default: dist]"),
+        ('owner=', 'u',
+         "Owner name used when creating a tar file [default: current user]"),
+        ('group=', 'g',
+         "Group name used when creating a tar file [default: current group]"),
+    ]
+
+    negative_opt = {}
+
+    README_EXTENSIONS = ['', '.rst', '.txt', '.md']
+    READMES = tuple('README{0}'.format(ext) for ext in README_EXTENSIONS)
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('egg_info')
+        self.filelist = ei_cmd.filelist
+        self.filelist.append(os.path.join(ei_cmd.egg_info, 'SOURCES.txt'))
+        self.check_readme()
+
+        # Run sub commands
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            self.run_command(cmd_name)
+
+        self.make_distribution()
+
+        dist_files = getattr(self.distribution, 'dist_files', [])
+        for file in self.archive_files:
+            data = ('sdist', '', file)
+            if data not in dist_files:
+                dist_files.append(data)
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        orig.sdist.initialize_options(self)
+
+        self._default_to_gztar()
+
+    def _default_to_gztar(self):
+        # only needed on Python prior to 3.6.
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 6, 0, 'beta', 1):
+            return
+        self.formats = ['gztar']
+
+    def make_distribution(self):
+        """
+        Workaround for #516
+        """
+        with self._remove_os_link():
+            orig.sdist.make_distribution(self)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _remove_os_link():
+        """
+        In a context, remove and restore os.link if it exists
+        """
+
+        class NoValue:
+            pass
+
+        orig_val = getattr(os, 'link', NoValue)
+        try:
+            del os.link
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            if orig_val is not NoValue:
+                setattr(os, 'link', orig_val)
+
+    def _add_defaults_optional(self):
+        super()._add_defaults_optional()
+        if os.path.isfile('pyproject.toml'):
+            self.filelist.append('pyproject.toml')
+
+    def _add_defaults_python(self):
+        """getting python files"""
+        if self.distribution.has_pure_modules():
+            build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_py.get_source_files())
+            self._add_data_files(self._safe_data_files(build_py))
+
+    def _safe_data_files(self, build_py):
+        """
+        Since the ``sdist`` class is also used to compute the MANIFEST
+        (via :obj:`setuptools.command.egg_info.manifest_maker`),
+        there might be recursion problems when trying to obtain the list of
+        data_files and ``include_package_data=True`` (which in turn depends on
+        the files included in the MANIFEST).
+
+        To avoid that, ``manifest_maker`` should be able to overwrite this
+        method and avoid recursive attempts to build/analyze the MANIFEST.
+        """
+        return build_py.data_files
+
+    def _add_data_files(self, data_files):
+        """
+        Add data files as found in build_py.data_files.
+        """
+        self.filelist.extend(
+            os.path.join(src_dir, name)
+            for _, src_dir, _, filenames in data_files
+            for name in filenames
+        )
+
+    def _add_defaults_data_files(self):
+        try:
+            super()._add_defaults_data_files()
+        except TypeError:
+            log.warn("data_files contains unexpected objects")
+
+    def check_readme(self):
+        for f in self.READMES:
+            if os.path.exists(f):
+                return
+        else:
+            self.warn(
+                "standard file not found: should have one of " +
+                ', '.join(self.READMES)
+            )
+
+    def make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files):
+        orig.sdist.make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files)
+
+        # Save any egg_info command line options used to create this sdist
+        dest = os.path.join(base_dir, 'setup.cfg')
+        if hasattr(os, 'link') and os.path.exists(dest):
+            # unlink and re-copy, since it might be hard-linked, and
+            # we don't want to change the source version
+            os.unlink(dest)
+            self.copy_file('setup.cfg', dest)
+
+        self.get_finalized_command('egg_info').save_version_info(dest)
+
+    def _manifest_is_not_generated(self):
+        # check for special comment used in 2.7.1 and higher
+        if not os.path.isfile(self.manifest):
+            return False
+
+        with io.open(self.manifest, 'rb') as fp:
+            first_line = fp.readline()
+        return (first_line !=
+                '# file GENERATED by distutils, do NOT edit\n'.encode())
+
+    def read_manifest(self):
+        """Read the manifest file (named by 'self.manifest') and use it to
+        fill in 'self.filelist', the list of files to include in the source
+        distribution.
+        """
+        log.info("reading manifest file '%s'", self.manifest)
+        manifest = open(self.manifest, 'rb')
+        for line in manifest:
+            # The manifest must contain UTF-8. See #303.
+            try:
+                line = line.decode('UTF-8')
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                log.warn("%r not UTF-8 decodable -- skipping" % line)
+                continue
+            # ignore comments and blank lines
+            line = line.strip()
+            if line.startswith('#') or not line:
+                continue
+            self.filelist.append(line)
+        manifest.close()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/setopt.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/setopt.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6358c04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/setopt.py
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+import distutils
+import os
+import configparser
+
+from setuptools import Command
+
+__all__ = ['config_file', 'edit_config', 'option_base', 'setopt']
+
+
+def config_file(kind="local"):
+    """Get the filename of the distutils, local, global, or per-user config
+
+    `kind` must be one of "local", "global", or "user"
+    """
+    if kind == 'local':
+        return 'setup.cfg'
+    if kind == 'global':
+        return os.path.join(
+            os.path.dirname(distutils.__file__), 'distutils.cfg'
+        )
+    if kind == 'user':
+        dot = os.name == 'posix' and '.' or ''
+        return os.path.expanduser(convert_path("~/%spydistutils.cfg" % dot))
+    raise ValueError(
+        "config_file() type must be 'local', 'global', or 'user'", kind
+    )
+
+
+def edit_config(filename, settings, dry_run=False):
+    """Edit a configuration file to include `settings`
+
+    `settings` is a dictionary of dictionaries or ``None`` values, keyed by
+    command/section name.  A ``None`` value means to delete the entire section,
+    while a dictionary lists settings to be changed or deleted in that section.
+    A setting of ``None`` means to delete that setting.
+    """
+    log.debug("Reading configuration from %s", filename)
+    opts = configparser.RawConfigParser()
+    opts.optionxform = lambda x: x
+    opts.read([filename])
+    for section, options in settings.items():
+        if options is None:
+            log.info("Deleting section [%s] from %s", section, filename)
+            opts.remove_section(section)
+        else:
+            if not opts.has_section(section):
+                log.debug("Adding new section [%s] to %s", section, filename)
+                opts.add_section(section)
+            for option, value in options.items():
+                if value is None:
+                    log.debug(
+                        "Deleting %s.%s from %s",
+                        section, option, filename
+                    )
+                    opts.remove_option(section, option)
+                    if not opts.options(section):
+                        log.info("Deleting empty [%s] section from %s",
+                                 section, filename)
+                        opts.remove_section(section)
+                else:
+                    log.debug(
+                        "Setting %s.%s to %r in %s",
+                        section, option, value, filename
+                    )
+                    opts.set(section, option, value)
+
+    log.info("Writing %s", filename)
+    if not dry_run:
+        with open(filename, 'w') as f:
+            opts.write(f)
+
+
+class option_base(Command):
+    """Abstract base class for commands that mess with config files"""
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('global-config', 'g',
+         "save options to the site-wide distutils.cfg file"),
+        ('user-config', 'u',
+         "save options to the current user's pydistutils.cfg file"),
+        ('filename=', 'f',
+         "configuration file to use (default=setup.cfg)"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = [
+        'global-config', 'user-config',
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.global_config = None
+        self.user_config = None
+        self.filename = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        filenames = []
+        if self.global_config:
+            filenames.append(config_file('global'))
+        if self.user_config:
+            filenames.append(config_file('user'))
+        if self.filename is not None:
+            filenames.append(self.filename)
+        if not filenames:
+            filenames.append(config_file('local'))
+        if len(filenames) > 1:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Must specify only one configuration file option",
+                filenames
+            )
+        self.filename, = filenames
+
+
+class setopt(option_base):
+    """Save command-line options to a file"""
+
+    description = "set an option in setup.cfg or another config file"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('command=', 'c', 'command to set an option for'),
+        ('option=', 'o', 'option to set'),
+        ('set-value=', 's', 'value of the option'),
+        ('remove', 'r', 'remove (unset) the value'),
+    ] + option_base.user_options
+
+    boolean_options = option_base.boolean_options + ['remove']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        option_base.initialize_options(self)
+        self.command = None
+        self.option = None
+        self.set_value = None
+        self.remove = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        option_base.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.command is None or self.option is None:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("Must specify --command *and* --option")
+        if self.set_value is None and not self.remove:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("Must specify --set-value or --remove")
+
+    def run(self):
+        edit_config(
+            self.filename, {
+                self.command: {self.option.replace('-', '_'): self.set_value}
+            },
+            self.dry_run
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/test.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a389e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+import os
+import operator
+import sys
+import contextlib
+import itertools
+import unittest
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError, DistutilsOptionError
+from distutils import log
+from unittest import TestLoader
+
+from pkg_resources import (
+    resource_listdir,
+    resource_exists,
+    normalize_path,
+    working_set,
+    evaluate_marker,
+    add_activation_listener,
+    require,
+    EntryPoint,
+)
+from setuptools import Command
+from setuptools.extern.more_itertools import unique_everseen
+
+
+class ScanningLoader(TestLoader):
+    def __init__(self):
+        TestLoader.__init__(self)
+        self._visited = set()
+
+    def loadTestsFromModule(self, module, pattern=None):
+        """Return a suite of all tests cases contained in the given module
+
+        If the module is a package, load tests from all the modules in it.
+        If the module has an ``additional_tests`` function, call it and add
+        the return value to the tests.
+        """
+        if module in self._visited:
+            return None
+        self._visited.add(module)
+
+        tests = []
+        tests.append(TestLoader.loadTestsFromModule(self, module))
+
+        if hasattr(module, "additional_tests"):
+            tests.append(module.additional_tests())
+
+        if hasattr(module, '__path__'):
+            for file in resource_listdir(module.__name__, ''):
+                if file.endswith('.py') and file != '__init__.py':
+                    submodule = module.__name__ + '.' + file[:-3]
+                else:
+                    if resource_exists(module.__name__, file + '/__init__.py'):
+                        submodule = module.__name__ + '.' + file
+                    else:
+                        continue
+                tests.append(self.loadTestsFromName(submodule))
+
+        if len(tests) != 1:
+            return self.suiteClass(tests)
+        else:
+            return tests[0]  # don't create a nested suite for only one return
+
+
+# adapted from jaraco.classes.properties:NonDataProperty
+class NonDataProperty:
+    def __init__(self, fget):
+        self.fget = fget
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, objtype=None):
+        if obj is None:
+            return self
+        return self.fget(obj)
+
+
+class test(Command):
+    """Command to run unit tests after in-place build"""
+
+    description = "run unit tests after in-place build (deprecated)"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('test-module=', 'm', "Run 'test_suite' in specified module"),
+        (
+            'test-suite=',
+            's',
+            "Run single test, case or suite (e.g. 'module.test_suite')",
+        ),
+        ('test-runner=', 'r', "Test runner to use"),
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.test_suite = None
+        self.test_module = None
+        self.test_loader = None
+        self.test_runner = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+
+        if self.test_suite and self.test_module:
+            msg = "You may specify a module or a suite, but not both"
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(msg)
+
+        if self.test_suite is None:
+            if self.test_module is None:
+                self.test_suite = self.distribution.test_suite
+            else:
+                self.test_suite = self.test_module + ".test_suite"
+
+        if self.test_loader is None:
+            self.test_loader = getattr(self.distribution, 'test_loader', None)
+        if self.test_loader is None:
+            self.test_loader = "setuptools.command.test:ScanningLoader"
+        if self.test_runner is None:
+            self.test_runner = getattr(self.distribution, 'test_runner', None)
+
+    @NonDataProperty
+    def test_args(self):
+        return list(self._test_args())
+
+    def _test_args(self):
+        if not self.test_suite and sys.version_info >= (2, 7):
+            yield 'discover'
+        if self.verbose:
+            yield '--verbose'
+        if self.test_suite:
+            yield self.test_suite
+
+    def with_project_on_sys_path(self, func):
+        """
+        Backward compatibility for project_on_sys_path context.
+        """
+        with self.project_on_sys_path():
+            func()
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def project_on_sys_path(self, include_dists=[]):
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+
+        # Build extensions in-place
+        self.reinitialize_command('build_ext', inplace=1)
+        self.run_command('build_ext')
+
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+
+        old_path = sys.path[:]
+        old_modules = sys.modules.copy()
+
+        try:
+            project_path = normalize_path(ei_cmd.egg_base)
+            sys.path.insert(0, project_path)
+            working_set.__init__()
+            add_activation_listener(lambda dist: dist.activate())
+            require('%s==%s' % (ei_cmd.egg_name, ei_cmd.egg_version))
+            with self.paths_on_pythonpath([project_path]):
+                yield
+        finally:
+            sys.path[:] = old_path
+            sys.modules.clear()
+            sys.modules.update(old_modules)
+            working_set.__init__()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def paths_on_pythonpath(paths):
+        """
+        Add the indicated paths to the head of the PYTHONPATH environment
+        variable so that subprocesses will also see the packages at
+        these paths.
+
+        Do this in a context that restores the value on exit.
+        """
+        nothing = object()
+        orig_pythonpath = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', nothing)
+        current_pythonpath = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', '')
+        try:
+            prefix = os.pathsep.join(unique_everseen(paths))
+            to_join = filter(None, [prefix, current_pythonpath])
+            new_path = os.pathsep.join(to_join)
+            if new_path:
+                os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = new_path
+            yield
+        finally:
+            if orig_pythonpath is nothing:
+                os.environ.pop('PYTHONPATH', None)
+            else:
+                os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = orig_pythonpath
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def install_dists(dist):
+        """
+        Install the requirements indicated by self.distribution and
+        return an iterable of the dists that were built.
+        """
+        ir_d = dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.install_requires)
+        tr_d = dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.tests_require or [])
+        er_d = dist.fetch_build_eggs(
+            v
+            for k, v in dist.extras_require.items()
+            if k.startswith(':') and evaluate_marker(k[1:])
+        )
+        return itertools.chain(ir_d, tr_d, er_d)
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.announce(
+            "WARNING: Testing via this command is deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in a future version. Users looking for a generic test "
+            "entry point independent of test runner are encouraged to use "
+            "tox.",
+            log.WARN,
+        )
+
+        installed_dists = self.install_dists(self.distribution)
+
+        cmd = ' '.join(self._argv)
+        if self.dry_run:
+            self.announce('skipping "%s" (dry run)' % cmd)
+            return
+
+        self.announce('running "%s"' % cmd)
+
+        paths = map(operator.attrgetter('location'), installed_dists)
+        with self.paths_on_pythonpath(paths):
+            with self.project_on_sys_path():
+                self.run_tests()
+
+    def run_tests(self):
+        test = unittest.main(
+            None,
+            None,
+            self._argv,
+            testLoader=self._resolve_as_ep(self.test_loader),
+            testRunner=self._resolve_as_ep(self.test_runner),
+            exit=False,
+        )
+        if not test.result.wasSuccessful():
+            msg = 'Test failed: %s' % test.result
+            self.announce(msg, log.ERROR)
+            raise DistutilsError(msg)
+
+    @property
+    def _argv(self):
+        return ['unittest'] + self.test_args
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _resolve_as_ep(val):
+        """
+        Load the indicated attribute value, called, as a as if it were
+        specified as an entry point.
+        """
+        if val is None:
+            return
+        parsed = EntryPoint.parse("x=" + val)
+        return parsed.resolve()()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec7f81e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.command import upload as orig
+
+from setuptools.errors import RemovedCommandError
+
+
+class upload(orig.upload):
+    """Formerly used to upload packages to PyPI."""
+
+    def run(self):
+        msg = (
+            "The upload command has been removed, use twine to upload "
+            + "instead (https://pypi.org/p/twine)"
+        )
+
+        self.announce("ERROR: " + msg, log.ERROR)
+        raise RemovedCommandError(msg)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload_docs.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload_docs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..845bff4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload_docs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""upload_docs
+
+Implements a Distutils 'upload_docs' subcommand (upload documentation to
+sites other than PyPi such as devpi).
+"""
+
+from base64 import standard_b64encode
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+import os
+import socket
+import zipfile
+import tempfile
+import shutil
+import itertools
+import functools
+import http.client
+import urllib.parse
+
+from pkg_resources import iter_entry_points
+from .upload import upload
+
+
+def _encode(s):
+    return s.encode('utf-8', 'surrogateescape')
+
+
+class upload_docs(upload):
+    # override the default repository as upload_docs isn't
+    # supported by Warehouse (and won't be).
+    DEFAULT_REPOSITORY = 'https://pypi.python.org/pypi/'
+
+    description = 'Upload documentation to sites other than PyPi such as devpi'
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('repository=', 'r',
+         "url of repository [default: %s]" % upload.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY),
+        ('show-response', None,
+         'display full response text from server'),
+        ('upload-dir=', None, 'directory to upload'),
+    ]
+    boolean_options = upload.boolean_options
+
+    def has_sphinx(self):
+        if self.upload_dir is None:
+            for ep in iter_entry_points('distutils.commands', 'build_sphinx'):
+                return True
+
+    sub_commands = [('build_sphinx', has_sphinx)]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        upload.initialize_options(self)
+        self.upload_dir = None
+        self.target_dir = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        upload.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.upload_dir is None:
+            if self.has_sphinx():
+                build_sphinx = self.get_finalized_command('build_sphinx')
+                self.target_dir = dict(build_sphinx.builder_target_dirs)['html']
+            else:
+                build = self.get_finalized_command('build')
+                self.target_dir = os.path.join(build.build_base, 'docs')
+        else:
+            self.ensure_dirname('upload_dir')
+            self.target_dir = self.upload_dir
+        if 'pypi.python.org' in self.repository:
+            log.warn("Upload_docs command is deprecated for PyPi. Use RTD instead.")
+        self.announce('Using upload directory %s' % self.target_dir)
+
+    def create_zipfile(self, filename):
+        zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(filename, "w")
+        try:
+            self.mkpath(self.target_dir)  # just in case
+            for root, dirs, files in os.walk(self.target_dir):
+                if root == self.target_dir and not files:
+                    tmpl = "no files found in upload directory '%s'"
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(tmpl % self.target_dir)
+                for name in files:
+                    full = os.path.join(root, name)
+                    relative = root[len(self.target_dir):].lstrip(os.path.sep)
+                    dest = os.path.join(relative, name)
+                    zip_file.write(full, dest)
+        finally:
+            zip_file.close()
+
+    def run(self):
+        # Run sub commands
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            self.run_command(cmd_name)
+
+        tmp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        name = self.distribution.metadata.get_name()
+        zip_file = os.path.join(tmp_dir, "%s.zip" % name)
+        try:
+            self.create_zipfile(zip_file)
+            self.upload_file(zip_file)
+        finally:
+            shutil.rmtree(tmp_dir)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _build_part(item, sep_boundary):
+        key, values = item
+        title = '\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' % key
+        # handle multiple entries for the same name
+        if not isinstance(values, list):
+            values = [values]
+        for value in values:
+            if isinstance(value, tuple):
+                title += '; filename="%s"' % value[0]
+                value = value[1]
+            else:
+                value = _encode(value)
+            yield sep_boundary
+            yield _encode(title)
+            yield b"\n\n"
+            yield value
+            if value and value[-1:] == b'\r':
+                yield b'\n'  # write an extra newline (lurve Macs)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_multipart(cls, data):
+        """
+        Build up the MIME payload for the POST data
+        """
+        boundary = '--------------GHSKFJDLGDS7543FJKLFHRE75642756743254'
+        sep_boundary = b'\n--' + boundary.encode('ascii')
+        end_boundary = sep_boundary + b'--'
+        end_items = end_boundary, b"\n",
+        builder = functools.partial(
+            cls._build_part,
+            sep_boundary=sep_boundary,
+        )
+        part_groups = map(builder, data.items())
+        parts = itertools.chain.from_iterable(part_groups)
+        body_items = itertools.chain(parts, end_items)
+        content_type = 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s' % boundary
+        return b''.join(body_items), content_type
+
+    def upload_file(self, filename):
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            content = f.read()
+        meta = self.distribution.metadata
+        data = {
+            ':action': 'doc_upload',
+            'name': meta.get_name(),
+            'content': (os.path.basename(filename), content),
+        }
+        # set up the authentication
+        credentials = _encode(self.username + ':' + self.password)
+        credentials = standard_b64encode(credentials).decode('ascii')
+        auth = "Basic " + credentials
+
+        body, ct = self._build_multipart(data)
+
+        msg = "Submitting documentation to %s" % (self.repository)
+        self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+
+        # build the Request
+        # We can't use urllib2 since we need to send the Basic
+        # auth right with the first request
+        schema, netloc, url, params, query, fragments = \
+            urllib.parse.urlparse(self.repository)
+        assert not params and not query and not fragments
+        if schema == 'http':
+            conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(netloc)
+        elif schema == 'https':
+            conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection(netloc)
+        else:
+            raise AssertionError("unsupported schema " + schema)
+
+        data = ''
+        try:
+            conn.connect()
+            conn.putrequest("POST", url)
+            content_type = ct
+            conn.putheader('Content-type', content_type)
+            conn.putheader('Content-length', str(len(body)))
+            conn.putheader('Authorization', auth)
+            conn.endheaders()
+            conn.send(body)
+        except socket.error as e:
+            self.announce(str(e), log.ERROR)
+            return
+
+        r = conn.getresponse()
+        if r.status == 200:
+            msg = 'Server response (%s): %s' % (r.status, r.reason)
+            self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+        elif r.status == 301:
+            location = r.getheader('Location')
+            if location is None:
+                location = 'https://pythonhosted.org/%s/' % meta.get_name()
+            msg = 'Upload successful. Visit %s' % location
+            self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+        else:
+            msg = 'Upload failed (%s): %s' % (r.status, r.reason)
+            self.announce(msg, log.ERROR)
+        if self.show_response:
+            print('-' * 75, r.read(), '-' * 75)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/config.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4e968e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,751 @@
+import ast
+import io
+import os
+import sys
+
+import warnings
+import functools
+import importlib
+from collections import defaultdict
+from functools import partial
+from functools import wraps
+from glob import iglob
+import contextlib
+
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError, DistutilsFileError
+from setuptools.extern.packaging.version import Version, InvalidVersion
+from setuptools.extern.packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
+
+
+class StaticModule:
+    """
+    Attempt to load the module by the name
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        spec = importlib.util.find_spec(name)
+        with open(spec.origin) as strm:
+            src = strm.read()
+        module = ast.parse(src)
+        vars(self).update(locals())
+        del self.self
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        try:
+            return next(
+                ast.literal_eval(statement.value)
+                for statement in self.module.body
+                if isinstance(statement, ast.Assign)
+                for target in statement.targets
+                if isinstance(target, ast.Name) and target.id == attr
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "{self.name} has no attribute {attr}".format(**locals())
+            ) from e
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def patch_path(path):
+    """
+    Add path to front of sys.path for the duration of the context.
+    """
+    try:
+        sys.path.insert(0, path)
+        yield
+    finally:
+        sys.path.remove(path)
+
+
+def read_configuration(filepath, find_others=False, ignore_option_errors=False):
+    """Read given configuration file and returns options from it as a dict.
+
+    :param str|unicode filepath: Path to configuration file
+        to get options from.
+
+    :param bool find_others: Whether to search for other configuration files
+        which could be on in various places.
+
+    :param bool ignore_option_errors: Whether to silently ignore
+        options, values of which could not be resolved (e.g. due to exceptions
+        in directives such as file:, attr:, etc.).
+        If False exceptions are propagated as expected.
+
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    from setuptools.dist import Distribution, _Distribution
+
+    filepath = os.path.abspath(filepath)
+
+    if not os.path.isfile(filepath):
+        raise DistutilsFileError('Configuration file %s does not exist.' % filepath)
+
+    current_directory = os.getcwd()
+    os.chdir(os.path.dirname(filepath))
+
+    try:
+        dist = Distribution()
+
+        filenames = dist.find_config_files() if find_others else []
+        if filepath not in filenames:
+            filenames.append(filepath)
+
+        _Distribution.parse_config_files(dist, filenames=filenames)
+
+        handlers = parse_configuration(
+            dist, dist.command_options, ignore_option_errors=ignore_option_errors
+        )
+
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(current_directory)
+
+    return configuration_to_dict(handlers)
+
+
+def _get_option(target_obj, key):
+    """
+    Given a target object and option key, get that option from
+    the target object, either through a get_{key} method or
+    from an attribute directly.
+    """
+    getter_name = 'get_{key}'.format(**locals())
+    by_attribute = functools.partial(getattr, target_obj, key)
+    getter = getattr(target_obj, getter_name, by_attribute)
+    return getter()
+
+
+def configuration_to_dict(handlers):
+    """Returns configuration data gathered by given handlers as a dict.
+
+    :param list[ConfigHandler] handlers: Handlers list,
+        usually from parse_configuration()
+
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    config_dict = defaultdict(dict)
+
+    for handler in handlers:
+        for option in handler.set_options:
+            value = _get_option(handler.target_obj, option)
+            config_dict[handler.section_prefix][option] = value
+
+    return config_dict
+
+
+def parse_configuration(distribution, command_options, ignore_option_errors=False):
+    """Performs additional parsing of configuration options
+    for a distribution.
+
+    Returns a list of used option handlers.
+
+    :param Distribution distribution:
+    :param dict command_options:
+    :param bool ignore_option_errors: Whether to silently ignore
+        options, values of which could not be resolved (e.g. due to exceptions
+        in directives such as file:, attr:, etc.).
+        If False exceptions are propagated as expected.
+    :rtype: list
+    """
+    options = ConfigOptionsHandler(distribution, command_options, ignore_option_errors)
+    options.parse()
+
+    meta = ConfigMetadataHandler(
+        distribution.metadata,
+        command_options,
+        ignore_option_errors,
+        distribution.package_dir,
+    )
+    meta.parse()
+
+    return meta, options
+
+
+class ConfigHandler:
+    """Handles metadata supplied in configuration files."""
+
+    section_prefix = None
+    """Prefix for config sections handled by this handler.
+    Must be provided by class heirs.
+
+    """
+
+    aliases = {}
+    """Options aliases.
+    For compatibility with various packages. E.g.: d2to1 and pbr.
+    Note: `-` in keys is replaced with `_` by config parser.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, target_obj, options, ignore_option_errors=False):
+        sections = {}
+
+        section_prefix = self.section_prefix
+        for section_name, section_options in options.items():
+            if not section_name.startswith(section_prefix):
+                continue
+
+            section_name = section_name.replace(section_prefix, '').strip('.')
+            sections[section_name] = section_options
+
+        self.ignore_option_errors = ignore_option_errors
+        self.target_obj = target_obj
+        self.sections = sections
+        self.set_options = []
+
+    @property
+    def parsers(self):
+        """Metadata item name to parser function mapping."""
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            '%s must provide .parsers property' % self.__class__.__name__
+        )
+
+    def __setitem__(self, option_name, value):
+        unknown = tuple()
+        target_obj = self.target_obj
+
+        # Translate alias into real name.
+        option_name = self.aliases.get(option_name, option_name)
+
+        current_value = getattr(target_obj, option_name, unknown)
+
+        if current_value is unknown:
+            raise KeyError(option_name)
+
+        if current_value:
+            # Already inhabited. Skipping.
+            return
+
+        skip_option = False
+        parser = self.parsers.get(option_name)
+        if parser:
+            try:
+                value = parser(value)
+
+            except Exception:
+                skip_option = True
+                if not self.ignore_option_errors:
+                    raise
+
+        if skip_option:
+            return
+
+        setter = getattr(target_obj, 'set_%s' % option_name, None)
+        if setter is None:
+            setattr(target_obj, option_name, value)
+        else:
+            setter(value)
+
+        self.set_options.append(option_name)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_list(cls, value, separator=','):
+        """Represents value as a list.
+
+        Value is split either by separator (defaults to comma) or by lines.
+
+        :param value:
+        :param separator: List items separator character.
+        :rtype: list
+        """
+        if isinstance(value, list):  # _get_parser_compound case
+            return value
+
+        if '\n' in value:
+            value = value.splitlines()
+        else:
+            value = value.split(separator)
+
+        return [chunk.strip() for chunk in value if chunk.strip()]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_list_glob(cls, value, separator=','):
+        """Equivalent to _parse_list() but expands any glob patterns using glob().
+
+        However, unlike with glob() calls, the results remain relative paths.
+
+        :param value:
+        :param separator: List items separator character.
+        :rtype: list
+        """
+        glob_characters = ('*', '?', '[', ']', '{', '}')
+        values = cls._parse_list(value, separator=separator)
+        expanded_values = []
+        for value in values:
+
+            # Has globby characters?
+            if any(char in value for char in glob_characters):
+                # then expand the glob pattern while keeping paths *relative*:
+                expanded_values.extend(sorted(
+                    os.path.relpath(path, os.getcwd())
+                    for path in iglob(os.path.abspath(value))))
+
+            else:
+                # take the value as-is:
+                expanded_values.append(value)
+
+        return expanded_values
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_dict(cls, value):
+        """Represents value as a dict.
+
+        :param value:
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        separator = '='
+        result = {}
+        for line in cls._parse_list(value):
+            key, sep, val = line.partition(separator)
+            if sep != separator:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                    'Unable to parse option value to dict: %s' % value
+                )
+            result[key.strip()] = val.strip()
+
+        return result
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_bool(cls, value):
+        """Represents value as boolean.
+
+        :param value:
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        value = value.lower()
+        return value in ('1', 'true', 'yes')
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _exclude_files_parser(cls, key):
+        """Returns a parser function to make sure field inputs
+        are not files.
+
+        Parses a value after getting the key so error messages are
+        more informative.
+
+        :param key:
+        :rtype: callable
+        """
+
+        def parser(value):
+            exclude_directive = 'file:'
+            if value.startswith(exclude_directive):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    'Only strings are accepted for the {0} field, '
+                    'files are not accepted'.format(key)
+                )
+            return value
+
+        return parser
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_file(cls, value):
+        """Represents value as a string, allowing including text
+        from nearest files using `file:` directive.
+
+        Directive is sandboxed and won't reach anything outside
+        directory with setup.py.
+
+        Examples:
+            file: README.rst, CHANGELOG.md, src/file.txt
+
+        :param str value:
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        include_directive = 'file:'
+
+        if not isinstance(value, str):
+            return value
+
+        if not value.startswith(include_directive):
+            return value
+
+        spec = value[len(include_directive) :]
+        filepaths = (os.path.abspath(path.strip()) for path in spec.split(','))
+        return '\n'.join(
+            cls._read_file(path)
+            for path in filepaths
+            if (cls._assert_local(path) or True) and os.path.isfile(path)
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _assert_local(filepath):
+        if not filepath.startswith(os.getcwd()):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError('`file:` directive can not access %s' % filepath)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _read_file(filepath):
+        with io.open(filepath, encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            return f.read()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_attr(cls, value, package_dir=None):
+        """Represents value as a module attribute.
+
+        Examples:
+            attr: package.attr
+            attr: package.module.attr
+
+        :param str value:
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        attr_directive = 'attr:'
+        if not value.startswith(attr_directive):
+            return value
+
+        attrs_path = value.replace(attr_directive, '').strip().split('.')
+        attr_name = attrs_path.pop()
+
+        module_name = '.'.join(attrs_path)
+        module_name = module_name or '__init__'
+
+        parent_path = os.getcwd()
+        if package_dir:
+            if attrs_path[0] in package_dir:
+                # A custom path was specified for the module we want to import
+                custom_path = package_dir[attrs_path[0]]
+                parts = custom_path.rsplit('/', 1)
+                if len(parts) > 1:
+                    parent_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), parts[0])
+                    module_name = parts[1]
+                else:
+                    module_name = custom_path
+            elif '' in package_dir:
+                # A custom parent directory was specified for all root modules
+                parent_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), package_dir[''])
+
+        with patch_path(parent_path):
+            try:
+                # attempt to load value statically
+                return getattr(StaticModule(module_name), attr_name)
+            except Exception:
+                # fallback to simple import
+                module = importlib.import_module(module_name)
+
+        return getattr(module, attr_name)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_parser_compound(cls, *parse_methods):
+        """Returns parser function to represents value as a list.
+
+        Parses a value applying given methods one after another.
+
+        :param parse_methods:
+        :rtype: callable
+        """
+
+        def parse(value):
+            parsed = value
+
+            for method in parse_methods:
+                parsed = method(parsed)
+
+            return parsed
+
+        return parse
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_section_to_dict(cls, section_options, values_parser=None):
+        """Parses section options into a dictionary.
+
+        Optionally applies a given parser to values.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        :param callable values_parser:
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        value = {}
+        values_parser = values_parser or (lambda val: val)
+        for key, (_, val) in section_options.items():
+            value[key] = values_parser(val)
+        return value
+
+    def parse_section(self, section_options):
+        """Parses configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        for (name, (_, value)) in section_options.items():
+            try:
+                self[name] = value
+
+            except KeyError:
+                pass  # Keep silent for a new option may appear anytime.
+
+    def parse(self):
+        """Parses configuration file items from one
+        or more related sections.
+
+        """
+        for section_name, section_options in self.sections.items():
+
+            method_postfix = ''
+            if section_name:  # [section.option] variant
+                method_postfix = '_%s' % section_name
+
+            section_parser_method = getattr(
+                self,
+                # Dots in section names are translated into dunderscores.
+                ('parse_section%s' % method_postfix).replace('.', '__'),
+                None,
+            )
+
+            if section_parser_method is None:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                    'Unsupported distribution option section: [%s.%s]'
+                    % (self.section_prefix, section_name)
+                )
+
+            section_parser_method(section_options)
+
+    def _deprecated_config_handler(self, func, msg, warning_class):
+        """this function will wrap around parameters that are deprecated
+
+        :param msg: deprecation message
+        :param warning_class: class of warning exception to be raised
+        :param func: function to be wrapped around
+        """
+
+        @wraps(func)
+        def config_handler(*args, **kwargs):
+            warnings.warn(msg, warning_class)
+            return func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        return config_handler
+
+
+class ConfigMetadataHandler(ConfigHandler):
+
+    section_prefix = 'metadata'
+
+    aliases = {
+        'home_page': 'url',
+        'summary': 'description',
+        'classifier': 'classifiers',
+        'platform': 'platforms',
+    }
+
+    strict_mode = False
+    """We need to keep it loose, to be partially compatible with
+    `pbr` and `d2to1` packages which also uses `metadata` section.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, target_obj, options, ignore_option_errors=False, package_dir=None
+    ):
+        super(ConfigMetadataHandler, self).__init__(
+            target_obj, options, ignore_option_errors
+        )
+        self.package_dir = package_dir
+
+    @property
+    def parsers(self):
+        """Metadata item name to parser function mapping."""
+        parse_list = self._parse_list
+        parse_file = self._parse_file
+        parse_dict = self._parse_dict
+        exclude_files_parser = self._exclude_files_parser
+
+        return {
+            'platforms': parse_list,
+            'keywords': parse_list,
+            'provides': parse_list,
+            'requires': self._deprecated_config_handler(
+                parse_list,
+                "The requires parameter is deprecated, please use "
+                "install_requires for runtime dependencies.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            ),
+            'obsoletes': parse_list,
+            'classifiers': self._get_parser_compound(parse_file, parse_list),
+            'license': exclude_files_parser('license'),
+            'license_file': self._deprecated_config_handler(
+                exclude_files_parser('license_file'),
+                "The license_file parameter is deprecated, "
+                "use license_files instead.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            ),
+            'license_files': parse_list,
+            'description': parse_file,
+            'long_description': parse_file,
+            'version': self._parse_version,
+            'project_urls': parse_dict,
+        }
+
+    def _parse_version(self, value):
+        """Parses `version` option value.
+
+        :param value:
+        :rtype: str
+
+        """
+        version = self._parse_file(value)
+
+        if version != value:
+            version = version.strip()
+            # Be strict about versions loaded from file because it's easy to
+            # accidentally include newlines and other unintended content
+            try:
+                Version(version)
+            except InvalidVersion:
+                tmpl = (
+                    'Version loaded from {value} does not '
+                    'comply with PEP 440: {version}'
+                )
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+
+            return version
+
+        version = self._parse_attr(value, self.package_dir)
+
+        if callable(version):
+            version = version()
+
+        if not isinstance(version, str):
+            if hasattr(version, '__iter__'):
+                version = '.'.join(map(str, version))
+            else:
+                version = '%s' % version
+
+        return version
+
+
+class ConfigOptionsHandler(ConfigHandler):
+
+    section_prefix = 'options'
+
+    @property
+    def parsers(self):
+        """Metadata item name to parser function mapping."""
+        parse_list = self._parse_list
+        parse_list_semicolon = partial(self._parse_list, separator=';')
+        parse_bool = self._parse_bool
+        parse_dict = self._parse_dict
+        parse_cmdclass = self._parse_cmdclass
+
+        return {
+            'zip_safe': parse_bool,
+            'include_package_data': parse_bool,
+            'package_dir': parse_dict,
+            'scripts': parse_list,
+            'eager_resources': parse_list,
+            'dependency_links': parse_list,
+            'namespace_packages': parse_list,
+            'install_requires': parse_list_semicolon,
+            'setup_requires': parse_list_semicolon,
+            'tests_require': parse_list_semicolon,
+            'packages': self._parse_packages,
+            'entry_points': self._parse_file,
+            'py_modules': parse_list,
+            'python_requires': SpecifierSet,
+            'cmdclass': parse_cmdclass,
+        }
+
+    def _parse_cmdclass(self, value):
+        def resolve_class(qualified_class_name):
+            idx = qualified_class_name.rfind('.')
+            class_name = qualified_class_name[idx + 1 :]
+            pkg_name = qualified_class_name[:idx]
+
+            module = __import__(pkg_name)
+
+            return getattr(module, class_name)
+
+        return {k: resolve_class(v) for k, v in self._parse_dict(value).items()}
+
+    def _parse_packages(self, value):
+        """Parses `packages` option value.
+
+        :param value:
+        :rtype: list
+        """
+        find_directives = ['find:', 'find_namespace:']
+        trimmed_value = value.strip()
+
+        if trimmed_value not in find_directives:
+            return self._parse_list(value)
+
+        findns = trimmed_value == find_directives[1]
+
+        # Read function arguments from a dedicated section.
+        find_kwargs = self.parse_section_packages__find(
+            self.sections.get('packages.find', {})
+        )
+
+        if findns:
+            from setuptools import find_namespace_packages as find_packages
+        else:
+            from setuptools import find_packages
+
+        return find_packages(**find_kwargs)
+
+    def parse_section_packages__find(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `packages.find` configuration file section.
+
+        To be used in conjunction with _parse_packages().
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        section_data = self._parse_section_to_dict(section_options, self._parse_list)
+
+        valid_keys = ['where', 'include', 'exclude']
+
+        find_kwargs = dict(
+            [(k, v) for k, v in section_data.items() if k in valid_keys and v]
+        )
+
+        where = find_kwargs.get('where')
+        if where is not None:
+            find_kwargs['where'] = where[0]  # cast list to single val
+
+        return find_kwargs
+
+    def parse_section_entry_points(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `entry_points` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        parsed = self._parse_section_to_dict(section_options, self._parse_list)
+        self['entry_points'] = parsed
+
+    def _parse_package_data(self, section_options):
+        parsed = self._parse_section_to_dict(section_options, self._parse_list)
+
+        root = parsed.get('*')
+        if root:
+            parsed[''] = root
+            del parsed['*']
+
+        return parsed
+
+    def parse_section_package_data(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `package_data` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        self['package_data'] = self._parse_package_data(section_options)
+
+    def parse_section_exclude_package_data(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `exclude_package_data` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        self['exclude_package_data'] = self._parse_package_data(section_options)
+
+    def parse_section_extras_require(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `extras_require` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        parse_list = partial(self._parse_list, separator=';')
+        self['extras_require'] = self._parse_section_to_dict(
+            section_options, parse_list
+        )
+
+    def parse_section_data_files(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `data_files` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        parsed = self._parse_section_to_dict(section_options, self._parse_list_glob)
+        self['data_files'] = [(k, v) for k, v in parsed.items()]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/dep_util.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/dep_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..521eb71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/dep_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from distutils.dep_util import newer_group
+
+
+# yes, this is was almost entirely copy-pasted from
+# 'newer_pairwise()', this is just another convenience
+# function.
+def newer_pairwise_group(sources_groups, targets):
+    """Walk both arguments in parallel, testing if each source group is newer
+    than its corresponding target. Returns a pair of lists (sources_groups,
+    targets) where sources is newer than target, according to the semantics
+    of 'newer_group()'.
+    """
+    if len(sources_groups) != len(targets):
+        raise ValueError(
+            "'sources_group' and 'targets' must be the same length")
+
+    # build a pair of lists (sources_groups, targets) where source is newer
+    n_sources = []
+    n_targets = []
+    for i in range(len(sources_groups)):
+        if newer_group(sources_groups[i], targets[i]):
+            n_sources.append(sources_groups[i])
+            n_targets.append(targets[i])
+
+    return n_sources, n_targets
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/depends.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/depends.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..adffd12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/depends.py
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+import sys
+import marshal
+import contextlib
+import dis
+
+from setuptools.extern.packaging import version
+
+from ._imp import find_module, PY_COMPILED, PY_FROZEN, PY_SOURCE
+from . import _imp
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    'Require', 'find_module', 'get_module_constant', 'extract_constant'
+]
+
+
+class Require:
+    """A prerequisite to building or installing a distribution"""
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, name, requested_version, module, homepage='',
+            attribute=None, format=None):
+
+        if format is None and requested_version is not None:
+            format = version.Version
+
+        if format is not None:
+            requested_version = format(requested_version)
+            if attribute is None:
+                attribute = '__version__'
+
+        self.__dict__.update(locals())
+        del self.self
+
+    def full_name(self):
+        """Return full package/distribution name, w/version"""
+        if self.requested_version is not None:
+            return '%s-%s' % (self.name, self.requested_version)
+        return self.name
+
+    def version_ok(self, version):
+        """Is 'version' sufficiently up-to-date?"""
+        return self.attribute is None or self.format is None or \
+            str(version) != "unknown" and self.format(version) >= self.requested_version
+
+    def get_version(self, paths=None, default="unknown"):
+        """Get version number of installed module, 'None', or 'default'
+
+        Search 'paths' for module.  If not found, return 'None'.  If found,
+        return the extracted version attribute, or 'default' if no version
+        attribute was specified, or the value cannot be determined without
+        importing the module.  The version is formatted according to the
+        requirement's version format (if any), unless it is 'None' or the
+        supplied 'default'.
+        """
+
+        if self.attribute is None:
+            try:
+                f, p, i = find_module(self.module, paths)
+                if f:
+                    f.close()
+                return default
+            except ImportError:
+                return None
+
+        v = get_module_constant(self.module, self.attribute, default, paths)
+
+        if v is not None and v is not default and self.format is not None:
+            return self.format(v)
+
+        return v
+
+    def is_present(self, paths=None):
+        """Return true if dependency is present on 'paths'"""
+        return self.get_version(paths) is not None
+
+    def is_current(self, paths=None):
+        """Return true if dependency is present and up-to-date on 'paths'"""
+        version = self.get_version(paths)
+        if version is None:
+            return False
+        return self.version_ok(str(version))
+
+
+def maybe_close(f):
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def empty():
+        yield
+        return
+    if not f:
+        return empty()
+
+    return contextlib.closing(f)
+
+
+def get_module_constant(module, symbol, default=-1, paths=None):
+    """Find 'module' by searching 'paths', and extract 'symbol'
+
+    Return 'None' if 'module' does not exist on 'paths', or it does not define
+    'symbol'.  If the module defines 'symbol' as a constant, return the
+    constant.  Otherwise, return 'default'."""
+
+    try:
+        f, path, (suffix, mode, kind) = info = find_module(module, paths)
+    except ImportError:
+        # Module doesn't exist
+        return None
+
+    with maybe_close(f):
+        if kind == PY_COMPILED:
+            f.read(8)  # skip magic & date
+            code = marshal.load(f)
+        elif kind == PY_FROZEN:
+            code = _imp.get_frozen_object(module, paths)
+        elif kind == PY_SOURCE:
+            code = compile(f.read(), path, 'exec')
+        else:
+            # Not something we can parse; we'll have to import it.  :(
+            imported = _imp.get_module(module, paths, info)
+            return getattr(imported, symbol, None)
+
+    return extract_constant(code, symbol, default)
+
+
+def extract_constant(code, symbol, default=-1):
+    """Extract the constant value of 'symbol' from 'code'
+
+    If the name 'symbol' is bound to a constant value by the Python code
+    object 'code', return that value.  If 'symbol' is bound to an expression,
+    return 'default'.  Otherwise, return 'None'.
+
+    Return value is based on the first assignment to 'symbol'.  'symbol' must
+    be a global, or at least a non-"fast" local in the code block.  That is,
+    only 'STORE_NAME' and 'STORE_GLOBAL' opcodes are checked, and 'symbol'
+    must be present in 'code.co_names'.
+    """
+    if symbol not in code.co_names:
+        # name's not there, can't possibly be an assignment
+        return None
+
+    name_idx = list(code.co_names).index(symbol)
+
+    STORE_NAME = 90
+    STORE_GLOBAL = 97
+    LOAD_CONST = 100
+
+    const = default
+
+    for byte_code in dis.Bytecode(code):
+        op = byte_code.opcode
+        arg = byte_code.arg
+
+        if op == LOAD_CONST:
+            const = code.co_consts[arg]
+        elif arg == name_idx and (op == STORE_NAME or op == STORE_GLOBAL):
+            return const
+        else:
+            const = default
+
+
+def _update_globals():
+    """
+    Patch the globals to remove the objects not available on some platforms.
+
+    XXX it'd be better to test assertions about bytecode instead.
+    """
+
+    if not sys.platform.startswith('java') and sys.platform != 'cli':
+        return
+    incompatible = 'extract_constant', 'get_module_constant'
+    for name in incompatible:
+        del globals()[name]
+        __all__.remove(name)
+
+
+_update_globals()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37a10d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1156 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__all__ = ['Distribution']
+
+import io
+import sys
+import re
+import os
+import warnings
+import numbers
+import distutils.log
+import distutils.core
+import distutils.cmd
+import distutils.dist
+import distutils.command
+from distutils.util import strtobool
+from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+from distutils.fancy_getopt import translate_longopt
+from glob import iglob
+import itertools
+import textwrap
+from typing import List, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+from email import message_from_file
+
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError, DistutilsSetupError
+from distutils.util import rfc822_escape
+
+from setuptools.extern import packaging
+from setuptools.extern import ordered_set
+from setuptools.extern.more_itertools import unique_everseen
+
+from . import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+import setuptools
+import setuptools.command
+from setuptools import windows_support
+from setuptools.monkey import get_unpatched
+from setuptools.config import parse_configuration
+import pkg_resources
+from setuptools.extern.packaging import version
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from email.message import Message
+
+__import__('setuptools.extern.packaging.specifiers')
+__import__('setuptools.extern.packaging.version')
+
+
+def _get_unpatched(cls):
+    warnings.warn("Do not call this function", DistDeprecationWarning)
+    return get_unpatched(cls)
+
+
+def get_metadata_version(self):
+    mv = getattr(self, 'metadata_version', None)
+    if mv is None:
+        mv = version.Version('2.1')
+        self.metadata_version = mv
+    return mv
+
+
+def rfc822_unescape(content: str) -> str:
+    """Reverse RFC-822 escaping by removing leading whitespaces from content."""
+    lines = content.splitlines()
+    if len(lines) == 1:
+        return lines[0].lstrip()
+    return '\n'.join((lines[0].lstrip(), textwrap.dedent('\n'.join(lines[1:]))))
+
+
+def _read_field_from_msg(msg: "Message", field: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Read Message header field."""
+    value = msg[field]
+    if value == 'UNKNOWN':
+        return None
+    return value
+
+
+def _read_field_unescaped_from_msg(msg: "Message", field: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Read Message header field and apply rfc822_unescape."""
+    value = _read_field_from_msg(msg, field)
+    if value is None:
+        return value
+    return rfc822_unescape(value)
+
+
+def _read_list_from_msg(msg: "Message", field: str) -> Optional[List[str]]:
+    """Read Message header field and return all results as list."""
+    values = msg.get_all(field, None)
+    if values == []:
+        return None
+    return values
+
+
+def _read_payload_from_msg(msg: "Message") -> Optional[str]:
+    value = msg.get_payload().strip()
+    if value == 'UNKNOWN':
+        return None
+    return value
+
+
+def read_pkg_file(self, file):
+    """Reads the metadata values from a file object."""
+    msg = message_from_file(file)
+
+    self.metadata_version = version.Version(msg['metadata-version'])
+    self.name = _read_field_from_msg(msg, 'name')
+    self.version = _read_field_from_msg(msg, 'version')
+    self.description = _read_field_from_msg(msg, 'summary')
+    # we are filling author only.
+    self.author = _read_field_from_msg(msg, 'author')
+    self.maintainer = None
+    self.author_email = _read_field_from_msg(msg, 'author-email')
+    self.maintainer_email = None
+    self.url = _read_field_from_msg(msg, 'home-page')
+    self.license = _read_field_unescaped_from_msg(msg, 'license')
+
+    if 'download-url' in msg:
+        self.download_url = _read_field_from_msg(msg, 'download-url')
+    else:
+        self.download_url = None
+
+    self.long_description = _read_field_unescaped_from_msg(msg, 'description')
+    if (
+        self.long_description is None and
+        self.metadata_version >= version.Version('2.1')
+    ):
+        self.long_description = _read_payload_from_msg(msg)
+    self.description = _read_field_from_msg(msg, 'summary')
+
+    if 'keywords' in msg:
+        self.keywords = _read_field_from_msg(msg, 'keywords').split(',')
+
+    self.platforms = _read_list_from_msg(msg, 'platform')
+    self.classifiers = _read_list_from_msg(msg, 'classifier')
+
+    # PEP 314 - these fields only exist in 1.1
+    if self.metadata_version == version.Version('1.1'):
+        self.requires = _read_list_from_msg(msg, 'requires')
+        self.provides = _read_list_from_msg(msg, 'provides')
+        self.obsoletes = _read_list_from_msg(msg, 'obsoletes')
+    else:
+        self.requires = None
+        self.provides = None
+        self.obsoletes = None
+
+    self.license_files = _read_list_from_msg(msg, 'license-file')
+
+
+def single_line(val):
+    """
+    Quick and dirty validation for Summary pypa/setuptools#1390.
+    """
+    if '\n' in val:
+        # TODO: Replace with `raise ValueError("newlines not allowed")`
+        # after reviewing #2893.
+        warnings.warn("newlines not allowed and will break in the future")
+        val = val.strip().split('\n')[0]
+    return val
+
+
+# Based on Python 3.5 version
+def write_pkg_file(self, file):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (14)  # FIXME
+    """Write the PKG-INFO format data to a file object."""
+    version = self.get_metadata_version()
+
+    def write_field(key, value):
+        file.write("%s: %s\n" % (key, value))
+
+    write_field('Metadata-Version', str(version))
+    write_field('Name', self.get_name())
+    write_field('Version', self.get_version())
+    write_field('Summary', single_line(self.get_description()))
+    write_field('Home-page', self.get_url())
+
+    optional_fields = (
+        ('Author', 'author'),
+        ('Author-email', 'author_email'),
+        ('Maintainer', 'maintainer'),
+        ('Maintainer-email', 'maintainer_email'),
+    )
+
+    for field, attr in optional_fields:
+        attr_val = getattr(self, attr, None)
+        if attr_val is not None:
+            write_field(field, attr_val)
+
+    license = rfc822_escape(self.get_license())
+    write_field('License', license)
+    if self.download_url:
+        write_field('Download-URL', self.download_url)
+    for project_url in self.project_urls.items():
+        write_field('Project-URL', '%s, %s' % project_url)
+
+    keywords = ','.join(self.get_keywords())
+    if keywords:
+        write_field('Keywords', keywords)
+
+    for platform in self.get_platforms():
+        write_field('Platform', platform)
+
+    self._write_list(file, 'Classifier', self.get_classifiers())
+
+    # PEP 314
+    self._write_list(file, 'Requires', self.get_requires())
+    self._write_list(file, 'Provides', self.get_provides())
+    self._write_list(file, 'Obsoletes', self.get_obsoletes())
+
+    # Setuptools specific for PEP 345
+    if hasattr(self, 'python_requires'):
+        write_field('Requires-Python', self.python_requires)
+
+    # PEP 566
+    if self.long_description_content_type:
+        write_field('Description-Content-Type', self.long_description_content_type)
+    if self.provides_extras:
+        for extra in self.provides_extras:
+            write_field('Provides-Extra', extra)
+
+    self._write_list(file, 'License-File', self.license_files or [])
+
+    file.write("\n%s\n\n" % self.get_long_description())
+
+
+sequence = tuple, list
+
+
+def check_importable(dist, attr, value):
+    try:
+        ep = pkg_resources.EntryPoint.parse('x=' + value)
+        assert not ep.extras
+    except (TypeError, ValueError, AttributeError, AssertionError) as e:
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(
+            "%r must be importable 'module:attrs' string (got %r)" % (attr, value)
+        ) from e
+
+
+def assert_string_list(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that value is a string list"""
+    try:
+        # verify that value is a list or tuple to exclude unordered
+        # or single-use iterables
+        assert isinstance(value, (list, tuple))
+        # verify that elements of value are strings
+        assert ''.join(value) != value
+    except (TypeError, ValueError, AttributeError, AssertionError) as e:
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(
+            "%r must be a list of strings (got %r)" % (attr, value)
+        ) from e
+
+
+def check_nsp(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that namespace packages are valid"""
+    ns_packages = value
+    assert_string_list(dist, attr, ns_packages)
+    for nsp in ns_packages:
+        if not dist.has_contents_for(nsp):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "Distribution contains no modules or packages for "
+                + "namespace package %r" % nsp
+            )
+        parent, sep, child = nsp.rpartition('.')
+        if parent and parent not in ns_packages:
+            distutils.log.warn(
+                "WARNING: %r is declared as a package namespace, but %r"
+                " is not: please correct this in setup.py",
+                nsp,
+                parent,
+            )
+
+
+def check_extras(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that extras_require mapping is valid"""
+    try:
+        list(itertools.starmap(_check_extra, value.items()))
+    except (TypeError, ValueError, AttributeError) as e:
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(
+            "'extras_require' must be a dictionary whose values are "
+            "strings or lists of strings containing valid project/version "
+            "requirement specifiers."
+        ) from e
+
+
+def _check_extra(extra, reqs):
+    name, sep, marker = extra.partition(':')
+    if marker and pkg_resources.invalid_marker(marker):
+        raise DistutilsSetupError("Invalid environment marker: " + marker)
+    list(pkg_resources.parse_requirements(reqs))
+
+
+def assert_bool(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that value is True, False, 0, or 1"""
+    if bool(value) != value:
+        tmpl = "{attr!r} must be a boolean value (got {value!r})"
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(tmpl.format(attr=attr, value=value))
+
+
+def invalid_unless_false(dist, attr, value):
+    if not value:
+        warnings.warn(f"{attr} is ignored.", DistDeprecationWarning)
+        return
+    raise DistutilsSetupError(f"{attr} is invalid.")
+
+
+def check_requirements(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that install_requires is a valid requirements list"""
+    try:
+        list(pkg_resources.parse_requirements(value))
+        if isinstance(value, (dict, set)):
+            raise TypeError("Unordered types are not allowed")
+    except (TypeError, ValueError) as error:
+        tmpl = (
+            "{attr!r} must be a string or list of strings "
+            "containing valid project/version requirement specifiers; {error}"
+        )
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(tmpl.format(attr=attr, error=error)) from error
+
+
+def check_specifier(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that value is a valid version specifier"""
+    try:
+        packaging.specifiers.SpecifierSet(value)
+    except (packaging.specifiers.InvalidSpecifier, AttributeError) as error:
+        tmpl = (
+            "{attr!r} must be a string " "containing valid version specifiers; {error}"
+        )
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(tmpl.format(attr=attr, error=error)) from error
+
+
+def check_entry_points(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that entry_points map is parseable"""
+    try:
+        pkg_resources.EntryPoint.parse_map(value)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(e) from e
+
+
+def check_test_suite(dist, attr, value):
+    if not isinstance(value, str):
+        raise DistutilsSetupError("test_suite must be a string")
+
+
+def check_package_data(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that value is a dictionary of package names to glob lists"""
+    if not isinstance(value, dict):
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(
+            "{!r} must be a dictionary mapping package names to lists of "
+            "string wildcard patterns".format(attr)
+        )
+    for k, v in value.items():
+        if not isinstance(k, str):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "keys of {!r} dict must be strings (got {!r})".format(attr, k)
+            )
+        assert_string_list(dist, 'values of {!r} dict'.format(attr), v)
+
+
+def check_packages(dist, attr, value):
+    for pkgname in value:
+        if not re.match(r'\w+(\.\w+)*', pkgname):
+            distutils.log.warn(
+                "WARNING: %r not a valid package name; please use only "
+                ".-separated package names in setup.py",
+                pkgname,
+            )
+
+
+_Distribution = get_unpatched(distutils.core.Distribution)
+
+
+class Distribution(_Distribution):
+    """Distribution with support for tests and package data
+
+    This is an enhanced version of 'distutils.dist.Distribution' that
+    effectively adds the following new optional keyword arguments to 'setup()':
+
+     'install_requires' -- a string or sequence of strings specifying project
+        versions that the distribution requires when installed, in the format
+        used by 'pkg_resources.require()'.  They will be installed
+        automatically when the package is installed.  If you wish to use
+        packages that are not available in PyPI, or want to give your users an
+        alternate download location, you can add a 'find_links' option to the
+        '[easy_install]' section of your project's 'setup.cfg' file, and then
+        setuptools will scan the listed web pages for links that satisfy the
+        requirements.
+
+     'extras_require' -- a dictionary mapping names of optional "extras" to the
+        additional requirement(s) that using those extras incurs. For example,
+        this::
+
+            extras_require = dict(reST = ["docutils>=0.3", "reSTedit"])
+
+        indicates that the distribution can optionally provide an extra
+        capability called "reST", but it can only be used if docutils and
+        reSTedit are installed.  If the user installs your package using
+        EasyInstall and requests one of your extras, the corresponding
+        additional requirements will be installed if needed.
+
+     'test_suite' -- the name of a test suite to run for the 'test' command.
+        If the user runs 'python setup.py test', the package will be installed,
+        and the named test suite will be run.  The format is the same as
+        would be used on a 'unittest.py' command line.  That is, it is the
+        dotted name of an object to import and call to generate a test suite.
+
+     'package_data' -- a dictionary mapping package names to lists of filenames
+        or globs to use to find data files contained in the named packages.
+        If the dictionary has filenames or globs listed under '""' (the empty
+        string), those names will be searched for in every package, in addition
+        to any names for the specific package.  Data files found using these
+        names/globs will be installed along with the package, in the same
+        location as the package.  Note that globs are allowed to reference
+        the contents of non-package subdirectories, as long as you use '/' as
+        a path separator.  (Globs are automatically converted to
+        platform-specific paths at runtime.)
+
+    In addition to these new keywords, this class also has several new methods
+    for manipulating the distribution's contents.  For example, the 'include()'
+    and 'exclude()' methods can be thought of as in-place add and subtract
+    commands that add or remove packages, modules, extensions, and so on from
+    the distribution.
+    """
+
+    _DISTUTILS_UNSUPPORTED_METADATA = {
+        'long_description_content_type': lambda: None,
+        'project_urls': dict,
+        'provides_extras': ordered_set.OrderedSet,
+        'license_file': lambda: None,
+        'license_files': lambda: None,
+    }
+
+    _patched_dist = None
+
+    def patch_missing_pkg_info(self, attrs):
+        # Fake up a replacement for the data that would normally come from
+        # PKG-INFO, but which might not yet be built if this is a fresh
+        # checkout.
+        #
+        if not attrs or 'name' not in attrs or 'version' not in attrs:
+            return
+        key = pkg_resources.safe_name(str(attrs['name'])).lower()
+        dist = pkg_resources.working_set.by_key.get(key)
+        if dist is not None and not dist.has_metadata('PKG-INFO'):
+            dist._version = pkg_resources.safe_version(str(attrs['version']))
+            self._patched_dist = dist
+
+    def __init__(self, attrs=None):
+        have_package_data = hasattr(self, "package_data")
+        if not have_package_data:
+            self.package_data = {}
+        attrs = attrs or {}
+        self.dist_files = []
+        # Filter-out setuptools' specific options.
+        self.src_root = attrs.pop("src_root", None)
+        self.patch_missing_pkg_info(attrs)
+        self.dependency_links = attrs.pop('dependency_links', [])
+        self.setup_requires = attrs.pop('setup_requires', [])
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.setup_keywords'):
+            vars(self).setdefault(ep.name, None)
+        _Distribution.__init__(
+            self,
+            {
+                k: v
+                for k, v in attrs.items()
+                if k not in self._DISTUTILS_UNSUPPORTED_METADATA
+            },
+        )
+
+        self._set_metadata_defaults(attrs)
+
+        self.metadata.version = self._normalize_version(
+            self._validate_version(self.metadata.version)
+        )
+        self._finalize_requires()
+
+    def _set_metadata_defaults(self, attrs):
+        """
+        Fill-in missing metadata fields not supported by distutils.
+        Some fields may have been set by other tools (e.g. pbr).
+        Those fields (vars(self.metadata)) take precedence to
+        supplied attrs.
+        """
+        for option, default in self._DISTUTILS_UNSUPPORTED_METADATA.items():
+            vars(self.metadata).setdefault(option, attrs.get(option, default()))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _normalize_version(version):
+        if isinstance(version, setuptools.sic) or version is None:
+            return version
+
+        normalized = str(packaging.version.Version(version))
+        if version != normalized:
+            tmpl = "Normalizing '{version}' to '{normalized}'"
+            warnings.warn(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+            return normalized
+        return version
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _validate_version(version):
+        if isinstance(version, numbers.Number):
+            # Some people apparently take "version number" too literally :)
+            version = str(version)
+
+        if version is not None:
+            try:
+                packaging.version.Version(version)
+            except (packaging.version.InvalidVersion, TypeError):
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "The version specified (%r) is an invalid version, this "
+                    "may not work as expected with newer versions of "
+                    "setuptools, pip, and PyPI. Please see PEP 440 for more "
+                    "details." % version
+                )
+                return setuptools.sic(version)
+        return version
+
+    def _finalize_requires(self):
+        """
+        Set `metadata.python_requires` and fix environment markers
+        in `install_requires` and `extras_require`.
+        """
+        if getattr(self, 'python_requires', None):
+            self.metadata.python_requires = self.python_requires
+
+        if getattr(self, 'extras_require', None):
+            for extra in self.extras_require.keys():
+                # Since this gets called multiple times at points where the
+                # keys have become 'converted' extras, ensure that we are only
+                # truly adding extras we haven't seen before here.
+                extra = extra.split(':')[0]
+                if extra:
+                    self.metadata.provides_extras.add(extra)
+
+        self._convert_extras_requirements()
+        self._move_install_requirements_markers()
+
+    def _convert_extras_requirements(self):
+        """
+        Convert requirements in `extras_require` of the form
+        `"extra": ["barbazquux; {marker}"]` to
+        `"extra:{marker}": ["barbazquux"]`.
+        """
+        spec_ext_reqs = getattr(self, 'extras_require', None) or {}
+        self._tmp_extras_require = defaultdict(list)
+        for section, v in spec_ext_reqs.items():
+            # Do not strip empty sections.
+            self._tmp_extras_require[section]
+            for r in pkg_resources.parse_requirements(v):
+                suffix = self._suffix_for(r)
+                self._tmp_extras_require[section + suffix].append(r)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _suffix_for(req):
+        """
+        For a requirement, return the 'extras_require' suffix for
+        that requirement.
+        """
+        return ':' + str(req.marker) if req.marker else ''
+
+    def _move_install_requirements_markers(self):
+        """
+        Move requirements in `install_requires` that are using environment
+        markers `extras_require`.
+        """
+
+        # divide the install_requires into two sets, simple ones still
+        # handled by install_requires and more complex ones handled
+        # by extras_require.
+
+        def is_simple_req(req):
+            return not req.marker
+
+        spec_inst_reqs = getattr(self, 'install_requires', None) or ()
+        inst_reqs = list(pkg_resources.parse_requirements(spec_inst_reqs))
+        simple_reqs = filter(is_simple_req, inst_reqs)
+        complex_reqs = itertools.filterfalse(is_simple_req, inst_reqs)
+        self.install_requires = list(map(str, simple_reqs))
+
+        for r in complex_reqs:
+            self._tmp_extras_require[':' + str(r.marker)].append(r)
+        self.extras_require = dict(
+            (k, [str(r) for r in map(self._clean_req, v)])
+            for k, v in self._tmp_extras_require.items()
+        )
+
+    def _clean_req(self, req):
+        """
+        Given a Requirement, remove environment markers and return it.
+        """
+        req.marker = None
+        return req
+
+    def _finalize_license_files(self):
+        """Compute names of all license files which should be included."""
+        license_files: Optional[List[str]] = self.metadata.license_files
+        patterns: List[str] = license_files if license_files else []
+
+        license_file: Optional[str] = self.metadata.license_file
+        if license_file and license_file not in patterns:
+            patterns.append(license_file)
+
+        if license_files is None and license_file is None:
+            # Default patterns match the ones wheel uses
+            # See https://wheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user_guide.html
+            # -> 'Including license files in the generated wheel file'
+            patterns = ('LICEN[CS]E*', 'COPYING*', 'NOTICE*', 'AUTHORS*')
+
+        self.metadata.license_files = list(
+            unique_everseen(self._expand_patterns(patterns))
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _expand_patterns(patterns):
+        """
+        >>> list(Distribution._expand_patterns(['LICENSE']))
+        ['LICENSE']
+        >>> list(Distribution._expand_patterns(['setup.cfg', 'LIC*']))
+        ['setup.cfg', 'LICENSE']
+        """
+        return (
+            path
+            for pattern in patterns
+            for path in sorted(iglob(pattern))
+            if not path.endswith('~') and os.path.isfile(path)
+        )
+
+    # FIXME: 'Distribution._parse_config_files' is too complex (14)
+    def _parse_config_files(self, filenames=None):  # noqa: C901
+        """
+        Adapted from distutils.dist.Distribution.parse_config_files,
+        this method provides the same functionality in subtly-improved
+        ways.
+        """
+        from configparser import ConfigParser
+
+        # Ignore install directory options if we have a venv
+        ignore_options = (
+            []
+            if sys.prefix == sys.base_prefix
+            else [
+                'install-base',
+                'install-platbase',
+                'install-lib',
+                'install-platlib',
+                'install-purelib',
+                'install-headers',
+                'install-scripts',
+                'install-data',
+                'prefix',
+                'exec-prefix',
+                'home',
+                'user',
+                'root',
+            ]
+        )
+
+        ignore_options = frozenset(ignore_options)
+
+        if filenames is None:
+            filenames = self.find_config_files()
+
+        if DEBUG:
+            self.announce("Distribution.parse_config_files():")
+
+        parser = ConfigParser()
+        parser.optionxform = str
+        for filename in filenames:
+            with io.open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as reader:
+                if DEBUG:
+                    self.announce("  reading {filename}".format(**locals()))
+                parser.read_file(reader)
+            for section in parser.sections():
+                options = parser.options(section)
+                opt_dict = self.get_option_dict(section)
+
+                for opt in options:
+                    if opt == '__name__' or opt in ignore_options:
+                        continue
+
+                    val = parser.get(section, opt)
+                    opt = self.warn_dash_deprecation(opt, section)
+                    opt = self.make_option_lowercase(opt, section)
+                    opt_dict[opt] = (filename, val)
+
+            # Make the ConfigParser forget everything (so we retain
+            # the original filenames that options come from)
+            parser.__init__()
+
+        if 'global' not in self.command_options:
+            return
+
+        # If there was a "global" section in the config file, use it
+        # to set Distribution options.
+
+        for (opt, (src, val)) in self.command_options['global'].items():
+            alias = self.negative_opt.get(opt)
+            if alias:
+                val = not strtobool(val)
+            elif opt in ('verbose', 'dry_run'):  # ugh!
+                val = strtobool(val)
+
+            try:
+                setattr(self, alias or opt, val)
+            except ValueError as e:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(e) from e
+
+    def warn_dash_deprecation(self, opt, section):
+        if section in (
+            'options.extras_require',
+            'options.data_files',
+        ):
+            return opt
+
+        underscore_opt = opt.replace('-', '_')
+        commands = distutils.command.__all__ + self._setuptools_commands()
+        if (
+            not section.startswith('options')
+            and section != 'metadata'
+            and section not in commands
+        ):
+            return underscore_opt
+
+        if '-' in opt:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Usage of dash-separated '%s' will not be supported in future "
+                "versions. Please use the underscore name '%s' instead"
+                % (opt, underscore_opt)
+            )
+        return underscore_opt
+
+    def _setuptools_commands(self):
+        try:
+            dist = pkg_resources.get_distribution('setuptools')
+            return list(dist.get_entry_map('distutils.commands'))
+        except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
+            # during bootstrapping, distribution doesn't exist
+            return []
+
+    def make_option_lowercase(self, opt, section):
+        if section != 'metadata' or opt.islower():
+            return opt
+
+        lowercase_opt = opt.lower()
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Usage of uppercase key '%s' in '%s' will be deprecated in future "
+            "versions. Please use lowercase '%s' instead"
+            % (opt, section, lowercase_opt)
+        )
+        return lowercase_opt
+
+    # FIXME: 'Distribution._set_command_options' is too complex (14)
+    def _set_command_options(self, command_obj, option_dict=None):  # noqa: C901
+        """
+        Set the options for 'command_obj' from 'option_dict'.  Basically
+        this means copying elements of a dictionary ('option_dict') to
+        attributes of an instance ('command').
+
+        'command_obj' must be a Command instance.  If 'option_dict' is not
+        supplied, uses the standard option dictionary for this command
+        (from 'self.command_options').
+
+        (Adopted from distutils.dist.Distribution._set_command_options)
+        """
+        command_name = command_obj.get_command_name()
+        if option_dict is None:
+            option_dict = self.get_option_dict(command_name)
+
+        if DEBUG:
+            self.announce("  setting options for '%s' command:" % command_name)
+        for (option, (source, value)) in option_dict.items():
+            if DEBUG:
+                self.announce("    %s = %s (from %s)" % (option, value, source))
+            try:
+                bool_opts = [translate_longopt(o) for o in command_obj.boolean_options]
+            except AttributeError:
+                bool_opts = []
+            try:
+                neg_opt = command_obj.negative_opt
+            except AttributeError:
+                neg_opt = {}
+
+            try:
+                is_string = isinstance(value, str)
+                if option in neg_opt and is_string:
+                    setattr(command_obj, neg_opt[option], not strtobool(value))
+                elif option in bool_opts and is_string:
+                    setattr(command_obj, option, strtobool(value))
+                elif hasattr(command_obj, option):
+                    setattr(command_obj, option, value)
+                else:
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                        "error in %s: command '%s' has no such option '%s'"
+                        % (source, command_name, option)
+                    )
+            except ValueError as e:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(e) from e
+
+    def parse_config_files(self, filenames=None, ignore_option_errors=False):
+        """Parses configuration files from various levels
+        and loads configuration.
+
+        """
+        self._parse_config_files(filenames=filenames)
+
+        parse_configuration(
+            self, self.command_options, ignore_option_errors=ignore_option_errors
+        )
+        self._finalize_requires()
+        self._finalize_license_files()
+
+    def fetch_build_eggs(self, requires):
+        """Resolve pre-setup requirements"""
+        resolved_dists = pkg_resources.working_set.resolve(
+            pkg_resources.parse_requirements(requires),
+            installer=self.fetch_build_egg,
+            replace_conflicting=True,
+        )
+        for dist in resolved_dists:
+            pkg_resources.working_set.add(dist, replace=True)
+        return resolved_dists
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        """
+        Allow plugins to apply arbitrary operations to the
+        distribution. Each hook may optionally define a 'order'
+        to influence the order of execution. Smaller numbers
+        go first and the default is 0.
+        """
+        group = 'setuptools.finalize_distribution_options'
+
+        def by_order(hook):
+            return getattr(hook, 'order', 0)
+
+        defined = pkg_resources.iter_entry_points(group)
+        filtered = itertools.filterfalse(self._removed, defined)
+        loaded = map(lambda e: e.load(), filtered)
+        for ep in sorted(loaded, key=by_order):
+            ep(self)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _removed(ep):
+        """
+        When removing an entry point, if metadata is loaded
+        from an older version of Setuptools, that removed
+        entry point will attempt to be loaded and will fail.
+        See #2765 for more details.
+        """
+        removed = {
+            # removed 2021-09-05
+            '2to3_doctests',
+        }
+        return ep.name in removed
+
+    def _finalize_setup_keywords(self):
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.setup_keywords'):
+            value = getattr(self, ep.name, None)
+            if value is not None:
+                ep.require(installer=self.fetch_build_egg)
+                ep.load()(self, ep.name, value)
+
+    def get_egg_cache_dir(self):
+        egg_cache_dir = os.path.join(os.curdir, '.eggs')
+        if not os.path.exists(egg_cache_dir):
+            os.mkdir(egg_cache_dir)
+            windows_support.hide_file(egg_cache_dir)
+            readme_txt_filename = os.path.join(egg_cache_dir, 'README.txt')
+            with open(readme_txt_filename, 'w') as f:
+                f.write(
+                    'This directory contains eggs that were downloaded '
+                    'by setuptools to build, test, and run plug-ins.\n\n'
+                )
+                f.write(
+                    'This directory caches those eggs to prevent '
+                    'repeated downloads.\n\n'
+                )
+                f.write('However, it is safe to delete this directory.\n\n')
+
+        return egg_cache_dir
+
+    def fetch_build_egg(self, req):
+        """Fetch an egg needed for building"""
+        from setuptools.installer import fetch_build_egg
+
+        return fetch_build_egg(self, req)
+
+    def get_command_class(self, command):
+        """Pluggable version of get_command_class()"""
+        if command in self.cmdclass:
+            return self.cmdclass[command]
+
+        eps = pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.commands', command)
+        for ep in eps:
+            ep.require(installer=self.fetch_build_egg)
+            self.cmdclass[command] = cmdclass = ep.load()
+            return cmdclass
+        else:
+            return _Distribution.get_command_class(self, command)
+
+    def print_commands(self):
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.commands'):
+            if ep.name not in self.cmdclass:
+                # don't require extras as the commands won't be invoked
+                cmdclass = ep.resolve()
+                self.cmdclass[ep.name] = cmdclass
+        return _Distribution.print_commands(self)
+
+    def get_command_list(self):
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.commands'):
+            if ep.name not in self.cmdclass:
+                # don't require extras as the commands won't be invoked
+                cmdclass = ep.resolve()
+                self.cmdclass[ep.name] = cmdclass
+        return _Distribution.get_command_list(self)
+
+    def include(self, **attrs):
+        """Add items to distribution that are named in keyword arguments
+
+        For example, 'dist.include(py_modules=["x"])' would add 'x' to
+        the distribution's 'py_modules' attribute, if it was not already
+        there.
+
+        Currently, this method only supports inclusion for attributes that are
+        lists or tuples.  If you need to add support for adding to other
+        attributes in this or a subclass, you can add an '_include_X' method,
+        where 'X' is the name of the attribute.  The method will be called with
+        the value passed to 'include()'.  So, 'dist.include(foo={"bar":"baz"})'
+        will try to call 'dist._include_foo({"bar":"baz"})', which can then
+        handle whatever special inclusion logic is needed.
+        """
+        for k, v in attrs.items():
+            include = getattr(self, '_include_' + k, None)
+            if include:
+                include(v)
+            else:
+                self._include_misc(k, v)
+
+    def exclude_package(self, package):
+        """Remove packages, modules, and extensions in named package"""
+
+        pfx = package + '.'
+        if self.packages:
+            self.packages = [
+                p for p in self.packages if p != package and not p.startswith(pfx)
+            ]
+
+        if self.py_modules:
+            self.py_modules = [
+                p for p in self.py_modules if p != package and not p.startswith(pfx)
+            ]
+
+        if self.ext_modules:
+            self.ext_modules = [
+                p
+                for p in self.ext_modules
+                if p.name != package and not p.name.startswith(pfx)
+            ]
+
+    def has_contents_for(self, package):
+        """Return true if 'exclude_package(package)' would do something"""
+
+        pfx = package + '.'
+
+        for p in self.iter_distribution_names():
+            if p == package or p.startswith(pfx):
+                return True
+
+    def _exclude_misc(self, name, value):
+        """Handle 'exclude()' for list/tuple attrs without a special handler"""
+        if not isinstance(value, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "%s: setting must be a list or tuple (%r)" % (name, value)
+            )
+        try:
+            old = getattr(self, name)
+        except AttributeError as e:
+            raise DistutilsSetupError("%s: No such distribution setting" % name) from e
+        if old is not None and not isinstance(old, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                name + ": this setting cannot be changed via include/exclude"
+            )
+        elif old:
+            setattr(self, name, [item for item in old if item not in value])
+
+    def _include_misc(self, name, value):
+        """Handle 'include()' for list/tuple attrs without a special handler"""
+
+        if not isinstance(value, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError("%s: setting must be a list (%r)" % (name, value))
+        try:
+            old = getattr(self, name)
+        except AttributeError as e:
+            raise DistutilsSetupError("%s: No such distribution setting" % name) from e
+        if old is None:
+            setattr(self, name, value)
+        elif not isinstance(old, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                name + ": this setting cannot be changed via include/exclude"
+            )
+        else:
+            new = [item for item in value if item not in old]
+            setattr(self, name, old + new)
+
+    def exclude(self, **attrs):
+        """Remove items from distribution that are named in keyword arguments
+
+        For example, 'dist.exclude(py_modules=["x"])' would remove 'x' from
+        the distribution's 'py_modules' attribute.  Excluding packages uses
+        the 'exclude_package()' method, so all of the package's contained
+        packages, modules, and extensions are also excluded.
+
+        Currently, this method only supports exclusion from attributes that are
+        lists or tuples.  If you need to add support for excluding from other
+        attributes in this or a subclass, you can add an '_exclude_X' method,
+        where 'X' is the name of the attribute.  The method will be called with
+        the value passed to 'exclude()'.  So, 'dist.exclude(foo={"bar":"baz"})'
+        will try to call 'dist._exclude_foo({"bar":"baz"})', which can then
+        handle whatever special exclusion logic is needed.
+        """
+        for k, v in attrs.items():
+            exclude = getattr(self, '_exclude_' + k, None)
+            if exclude:
+                exclude(v)
+            else:
+                self._exclude_misc(k, v)
+
+    def _exclude_packages(self, packages):
+        if not isinstance(packages, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "packages: setting must be a list or tuple (%r)" % (packages,)
+            )
+        list(map(self.exclude_package, packages))
+
+    def _parse_command_opts(self, parser, args):
+        # Remove --with-X/--without-X options when processing command args
+        self.global_options = self.__class__.global_options
+        self.negative_opt = self.__class__.negative_opt
+
+        # First, expand any aliases
+        command = args[0]
+        aliases = self.get_option_dict('aliases')
+        while command in aliases:
+            src, alias = aliases[command]
+            del aliases[command]  # ensure each alias can expand only once!
+            import shlex
+
+            args[:1] = shlex.split(alias, True)
+            command = args[0]
+
+        nargs = _Distribution._parse_command_opts(self, parser, args)
+
+        # Handle commands that want to consume all remaining arguments
+        cmd_class = self.get_command_class(command)
+        if getattr(cmd_class, 'command_consumes_arguments', None):
+            self.get_option_dict(command)['args'] = ("command line", nargs)
+            if nargs is not None:
+                return []
+
+        return nargs
+
+    def get_cmdline_options(self):
+        """Return a '{cmd: {opt:val}}' map of all command-line options
+
+        Option names are all long, but do not include the leading '--', and
+        contain dashes rather than underscores.  If the option doesn't take
+        an argument (e.g. '--quiet'), the 'val' is 'None'.
+
+        Note that options provided by config files are intentionally excluded.
+        """
+
+        d = {}
+
+        for cmd, opts in self.command_options.items():
+
+            for opt, (src, val) in opts.items():
+
+                if src != "command line":
+                    continue
+
+                opt = opt.replace('_', '-')
+
+                if val == 0:
+                    cmdobj = self.get_command_obj(cmd)
+                    neg_opt = self.negative_opt.copy()
+                    neg_opt.update(getattr(cmdobj, 'negative_opt', {}))
+                    for neg, pos in neg_opt.items():
+                        if pos == opt:
+                            opt = neg
+                            val = None
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        raise AssertionError("Shouldn't be able to get here")
+
+                elif val == 1:
+                    val = None
+
+                d.setdefault(cmd, {})[opt] = val
+
+        return d
+
+    def iter_distribution_names(self):
+        """Yield all packages, modules, and extension names in distribution"""
+
+        for pkg in self.packages or ():
+            yield pkg
+
+        for module in self.py_modules or ():
+            yield module
+
+        for ext in self.ext_modules or ():
+            if isinstance(ext, tuple):
+                name, buildinfo = ext
+            else:
+                name = ext.name
+            if name.endswith('module'):
+                name = name[:-6]
+            yield name
+
+    def handle_display_options(self, option_order):
+        """If there were any non-global "display-only" options
+        (--help-commands or the metadata display options) on the command
+        line, display the requested info and return true; else return
+        false.
+        """
+        import sys
+
+        if self.help_commands:
+            return _Distribution.handle_display_options(self, option_order)
+
+        # Stdout may be StringIO (e.g. in tests)
+        if not isinstance(sys.stdout, io.TextIOWrapper):
+            return _Distribution.handle_display_options(self, option_order)
+
+        # Don't wrap stdout if utf-8 is already the encoding. Provides
+        #  workaround for #334.
+        if sys.stdout.encoding.lower() in ('utf-8', 'utf8'):
+            return _Distribution.handle_display_options(self, option_order)
+
+        # Print metadata in UTF-8 no matter the platform
+        encoding = sys.stdout.encoding
+        errors = sys.stdout.errors
+        newline = sys.platform != 'win32' and '\n' or None
+        line_buffering = sys.stdout.line_buffering
+
+        sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(
+            sys.stdout.detach(), 'utf-8', errors, newline, line_buffering
+        )
+        try:
+            return _Distribution.handle_display_options(self, option_order)
+        finally:
+            sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(
+                sys.stdout.detach(), encoding, errors, newline, line_buffering
+            )
+
+
+class DistDeprecationWarning(SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning):
+    """Class for warning about deprecations in dist in
+    setuptools. Not ignored by default, unlike DeprecationWarning."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/errors.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/errors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4d35a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/errors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+"""setuptools.errors
+
+Provides exceptions used by setuptools modules.
+"""
+
+from distutils import errors as _distutils_errors
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+
+
+class RemovedCommandError(DistutilsError, RuntimeError):
+    """Error used for commands that have been removed in setuptools.
+
+    Since ``setuptools`` is built on ``distutils``, simply removing a command
+    from ``setuptools`` will make the behavior fall back to ``distutils``; this
+    error is raised if a command exists in ``distutils`` but has been actively
+    removed in ``setuptools``.
+    """
+
+
+# Re-export errors from distutils to facilitate the migration to PEP632
+
+ByteCompileError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsByteCompileError
+CCompilerError = _distutils_errors.CCompilerError
+ClassError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsClassError
+CompileError = _distutils_errors.CompileError
+ExecError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsExecError
+FileError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsFileError
+InternalError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsInternalError
+LibError = _distutils_errors.LibError
+LinkError = _distutils_errors.LinkError
+ModuleError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsModuleError
+OptionError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsOptionError
+PlatformError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsPlatformError
+PreprocessError = _distutils_errors.PreprocessError
+SetupError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsSetupError
+TemplateError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsTemplateError
+UnknownFileError = _distutils_errors.UnknownFileError
+
+# The root error class in the hierarchy
+BaseError = _distutils_errors.DistutilsError
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/extension.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/extension.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1820722
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/extension.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import re
+import functools
+import distutils.core
+import distutils.errors
+import distutils.extension
+
+from .monkey import get_unpatched
+
+
+def _have_cython():
+    """
+    Return True if Cython can be imported.
+    """
+    cython_impl = 'Cython.Distutils.build_ext'
+    try:
+        # from (cython_impl) import build_ext
+        __import__(cython_impl, fromlist=['build_ext']).build_ext
+        return True
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    return False
+
+
+# for compatibility
+have_pyrex = _have_cython
+
+_Extension = get_unpatched(distutils.core.Extension)
+
+
+class Extension(_Extension):
+    """Extension that uses '.c' files in place of '.pyx' files"""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, sources, *args, **kw):
+        # The *args is needed for compatibility as calls may use positional
+        # arguments. py_limited_api may be set only via keyword.
+        self.py_limited_api = kw.pop("py_limited_api", False)
+        _Extension.__init__(self, name, sources, *args, **kw)
+
+    def _convert_pyx_sources_to_lang(self):
+        """
+        Replace sources with .pyx extensions to sources with the target
+        language extension. This mechanism allows language authors to supply
+        pre-converted sources but to prefer the .pyx sources.
+        """
+        if _have_cython():
+            # the build has Cython, so allow it to compile the .pyx files
+            return
+        lang = self.language or ''
+        target_ext = '.cpp' if lang.lower() == 'c++' else '.c'
+        sub = functools.partial(re.sub, '.pyx$', target_ext)
+        self.sources = list(map(sub, self.sources))
+
+
+class Library(Extension):
+    """Just like a regular Extension, but built as a library instead"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/extern/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/extern/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..baca1af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/extern/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+import importlib.util
+import sys
+
+
+class VendorImporter:
+    """
+    A PEP 302 meta path importer for finding optionally-vendored
+    or otherwise naturally-installed packages from root_name.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, root_name, vendored_names=(), vendor_pkg=None):
+        self.root_name = root_name
+        self.vendored_names = set(vendored_names)
+        self.vendor_pkg = vendor_pkg or root_name.replace('extern', '_vendor')
+
+    @property
+    def search_path(self):
+        """
+        Search first the vendor package then as a natural package.
+        """
+        yield self.vendor_pkg + '.'
+        yield ''
+
+    def _module_matches_namespace(self, fullname):
+        """Figure out if the target module is vendored."""
+        root, base, target = fullname.partition(self.root_name + '.')
+        return not root and any(map(target.startswith, self.vendored_names))
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Iterate over the search path to locate and load fullname.
+        """
+        root, base, target = fullname.partition(self.root_name + '.')
+        for prefix in self.search_path:
+            try:
+                extant = prefix + target
+                __import__(extant)
+                mod = sys.modules[extant]
+                sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+                return mod
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+        else:
+            raise ImportError(
+                "The '{target}' package is required; "
+                "normally this is bundled with this package so if you get "
+                "this warning, consult the packager of your "
+                "distribution.".format(**locals())
+            )
+
+    def create_module(self, spec):
+        return self.load_module(spec.name)
+
+    def exec_module(self, module):
+        pass
+
+    def find_spec(self, fullname, path=None, target=None):
+        """Return a module spec for vendored names."""
+        return (
+            importlib.util.spec_from_loader(fullname, self)
+            if self._module_matches_namespace(fullname) else None
+        )
+
+    def install(self):
+        """
+        Install this importer into sys.meta_path if not already present.
+        """
+        if self not in sys.meta_path:
+            sys.meta_path.append(self)
+
+
+names = 'packaging', 'pyparsing', 'ordered_set', 'more_itertools',
+VendorImporter(__name__, names, 'setuptools._vendor').install()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/glob.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/glob.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87062b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/glob.py
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+"""
+Filename globbing utility. Mostly a copy of `glob` from Python 3.5.
+
+Changes include:
+ * `yield from` and PEP3102 `*` removed.
+ * Hidden files are not ignored.
+"""
+
+import os
+import re
+import fnmatch
+
+__all__ = ["glob", "iglob", "escape"]
+
+
+def glob(pathname, recursive=False):
+    """Return a list of paths matching a pathname pattern.
+
+    The pattern may contain simple shell-style wildcards a la
+    fnmatch. However, unlike fnmatch, filenames starting with a
+    dot are special cases that are not matched by '*' and '?'
+    patterns.
+
+    If recursive is true, the pattern '**' will match any files and
+    zero or more directories and subdirectories.
+    """
+    return list(iglob(pathname, recursive=recursive))
+
+
+def iglob(pathname, recursive=False):
+    """Return an iterator which yields the paths matching a pathname pattern.
+
+    The pattern may contain simple shell-style wildcards a la
+    fnmatch. However, unlike fnmatch, filenames starting with a
+    dot are special cases that are not matched by '*' and '?'
+    patterns.
+
+    If recursive is true, the pattern '**' will match any files and
+    zero or more directories and subdirectories.
+    """
+    it = _iglob(pathname, recursive)
+    if recursive and _isrecursive(pathname):
+        s = next(it)  # skip empty string
+        assert not s
+    return it
+
+
+def _iglob(pathname, recursive):
+    dirname, basename = os.path.split(pathname)
+    glob_in_dir = glob2 if recursive and _isrecursive(basename) else glob1
+
+    if not has_magic(pathname):
+        if basename:
+            if os.path.lexists(pathname):
+                yield pathname
+        else:
+            # Patterns ending with a slash should match only directories
+            if os.path.isdir(dirname):
+                yield pathname
+        return
+
+    if not dirname:
+        yield from glob_in_dir(dirname, basename)
+        return
+    # `os.path.split()` returns the argument itself as a dirname if it is a
+    # drive or UNC path.  Prevent an infinite recursion if a drive or UNC path
+    # contains magic characters (i.e. r'\\?\C:').
+    if dirname != pathname and has_magic(dirname):
+        dirs = _iglob(dirname, recursive)
+    else:
+        dirs = [dirname]
+    if not has_magic(basename):
+        glob_in_dir = glob0
+    for dirname in dirs:
+        for name in glob_in_dir(dirname, basename):
+            yield os.path.join(dirname, name)
+
+
+# These 2 helper functions non-recursively glob inside a literal directory.
+# They return a list of basenames. `glob1` accepts a pattern while `glob0`
+# takes a literal basename (so it only has to check for its existence).
+
+
+def glob1(dirname, pattern):
+    if not dirname:
+        if isinstance(pattern, bytes):
+            dirname = os.curdir.encode('ASCII')
+        else:
+            dirname = os.curdir
+    try:
+        names = os.listdir(dirname)
+    except OSError:
+        return []
+    return fnmatch.filter(names, pattern)
+
+
+def glob0(dirname, basename):
+    if not basename:
+        # `os.path.split()` returns an empty basename for paths ending with a
+        # directory separator.  'q*x/' should match only directories.
+        if os.path.isdir(dirname):
+            return [basename]
+    else:
+        if os.path.lexists(os.path.join(dirname, basename)):
+            return [basename]
+    return []
+
+
+# This helper function recursively yields relative pathnames inside a literal
+# directory.
+
+
+def glob2(dirname, pattern):
+    assert _isrecursive(pattern)
+    yield pattern[:0]
+    for x in _rlistdir(dirname):
+        yield x
+
+
+# Recursively yields relative pathnames inside a literal directory.
+def _rlistdir(dirname):
+    if not dirname:
+        if isinstance(dirname, bytes):
+            dirname = os.curdir.encode('ASCII')
+        else:
+            dirname = os.curdir
+    try:
+        names = os.listdir(dirname)
+    except os.error:
+        return
+    for x in names:
+        yield x
+        path = os.path.join(dirname, x) if dirname else x
+        for y in _rlistdir(path):
+            yield os.path.join(x, y)
+
+
+magic_check = re.compile('([*?[])')
+magic_check_bytes = re.compile(b'([*?[])')
+
+
+def has_magic(s):
+    if isinstance(s, bytes):
+        match = magic_check_bytes.search(s)
+    else:
+        match = magic_check.search(s)
+    return match is not None
+
+
+def _isrecursive(pattern):
+    if isinstance(pattern, bytes):
+        return pattern == b'**'
+    else:
+        return pattern == '**'
+
+
+def escape(pathname):
+    """Escape all special characters.
+    """
+    # Escaping is done by wrapping any of "*?[" between square brackets.
+    # Metacharacters do not work in the drive part and shouldn't be escaped.
+    drive, pathname = os.path.splitdrive(pathname)
+    if isinstance(pathname, bytes):
+        pathname = magic_check_bytes.sub(br'[\1]', pathname)
+    else:
+        pathname = magic_check.sub(r'[\1]', pathname)
+    return drive + pathname
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/gui-32.exe b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/gui-32.exe
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/gui-arm64.exe b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/gui-arm64.exe
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/gui.exe b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/gui.exe
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/installer.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/installer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7096df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/installer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+import glob
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import warnings
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+
+import pkg_resources
+from setuptools.wheel import Wheel
+from ._deprecation_warning import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+
+def _fixup_find_links(find_links):
+    """Ensure find-links option end-up being a list of strings."""
+    if isinstance(find_links, str):
+        return find_links.split()
+    assert isinstance(find_links, (tuple, list))
+    return find_links
+
+
+def fetch_build_egg(dist, req):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (16)  # FIXME
+    """Fetch an egg needed for building.
+
+    Use pip/wheel to fetch/build a wheel."""
+    warnings.warn(
+        "setuptools.installer is deprecated. Requirements should "
+        "be satisfied by a PEP 517 installer.",
+        SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning,
+    )
+    # Warn if wheel is not available
+    try:
+        pkg_resources.get_distribution('wheel')
+    except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
+        dist.announce('WARNING: The wheel package is not available.', log.WARN)
+    # Ignore environment markers; if supplied, it is required.
+    req = strip_marker(req)
+    # Take easy_install options into account, but do not override relevant
+    # pip environment variables (like PIP_INDEX_URL or PIP_QUIET); they'll
+    # take precedence.
+    opts = dist.get_option_dict('easy_install')
+    if 'allow_hosts' in opts:
+        raise DistutilsError('the `allow-hosts` option is not supported '
+                             'when using pip to install requirements.')
+    quiet = 'PIP_QUIET' not in os.environ and 'PIP_VERBOSE' not in os.environ
+    if 'PIP_INDEX_URL' in os.environ:
+        index_url = None
+    elif 'index_url' in opts:
+        index_url = opts['index_url'][1]
+    else:
+        index_url = None
+    find_links = (
+        _fixup_find_links(opts['find_links'][1])[:] if 'find_links' in opts
+        else []
+    )
+    if dist.dependency_links:
+        find_links.extend(dist.dependency_links)
+    eggs_dir = os.path.realpath(dist.get_egg_cache_dir())
+    environment = pkg_resources.Environment()
+    for egg_dist in pkg_resources.find_distributions(eggs_dir):
+        if egg_dist in req and environment.can_add(egg_dist):
+            return egg_dist
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
+        cmd = [
+            sys.executable, '-m', 'pip',
+            '--disable-pip-version-check',
+            'wheel', '--no-deps',
+            '-w', tmpdir,
+        ]
+        if quiet:
+            cmd.append('--quiet')
+        if index_url is not None:
+            cmd.extend(('--index-url', index_url))
+        for link in find_links or []:
+            cmd.extend(('--find-links', link))
+        # If requirement is a PEP 508 direct URL, directly pass
+        # the URL to pip, as `req @ url` does not work on the
+        # command line.
+        cmd.append(req.url or str(req))
+        try:
+            subprocess.check_call(cmd)
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+            raise DistutilsError(str(e)) from e
+        wheel = Wheel(glob.glob(os.path.join(tmpdir, '*.whl'))[0])
+        dist_location = os.path.join(eggs_dir, wheel.egg_name())
+        wheel.install_as_egg(dist_location)
+        dist_metadata = pkg_resources.PathMetadata(
+            dist_location, os.path.join(dist_location, 'EGG-INFO'))
+        dist = pkg_resources.Distribution.from_filename(
+            dist_location, metadata=dist_metadata)
+        return dist
+
+
+def strip_marker(req):
+    """
+    Return a new requirement without the environment marker to avoid
+    calling pip with something like `babel; extra == "i18n"`, which
+    would always be ignored.
+    """
+    # create a copy to avoid mutating the input
+    req = pkg_resources.Requirement.parse(str(req))
+    req.marker = None
+    return req
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/launch.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/launch.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0208fdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/launch.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""
+Launch the Python script on the command line after
+setuptools is bootstrapped via import.
+"""
+
+# Note that setuptools gets imported implicitly by the
+# invocation of this script using python -m setuptools.launch
+
+import tokenize
+import sys
+
+
+def run():
+    """
+    Run the script in sys.argv[1] as if it had
+    been invoked naturally.
+    """
+    __builtins__
+    script_name = sys.argv[1]
+    namespace = dict(
+        __file__=script_name,
+        __name__='__main__',
+        __doc__=None,
+    )
+    sys.argv[:] = sys.argv[1:]
+
+    open_ = getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)
+    with open_(script_name) as fid:
+        script = fid.read()
+    norm_script = script.replace('\\r\\n', '\\n')
+    code = compile(norm_script, script_name, 'exec')
+    exec(code, namespace)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    run()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/logging.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/logging.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbead6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/logging.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import sys
+import logging
+import distutils.log
+from . import monkey
+
+
+def _not_warning(record):
+    return record.levelno < logging.WARNING
+
+
+def configure():
+    """
+    Configure logging to emit warning and above to stderr
+    and everything else to stdout. This behavior is provided
+    for compatibilty with distutils.log but may change in
+    the future.
+    """
+    err_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+    err_handler.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
+    out_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
+    out_handler.addFilter(_not_warning)
+    handlers = err_handler, out_handler
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        format="{message}", style='{', handlers=handlers, level=logging.DEBUG)
+    monkey.patch_func(set_threshold, distutils.log, 'set_threshold')
+
+
+def set_threshold(level):
+    logging.root.setLevel(level*10)
+    return set_threshold.unpatched(level)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/monkey.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/monkey.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb36dc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/monkey.py
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+"""
+Monkey patching of distutils.
+"""
+
+import sys
+import distutils.filelist
+import platform
+import types
+import functools
+from importlib import import_module
+import inspect
+
+import setuptools
+
+__all__ = []
+"""
+Everything is private. Contact the project team
+if you think you need this functionality.
+"""
+
+
+def _get_mro(cls):
+    """
+    Returns the bases classes for cls sorted by the MRO.
+
+    Works around an issue on Jython where inspect.getmro will not return all
+    base classes if multiple classes share the same name. Instead, this
+    function will return a tuple containing the class itself, and the contents
+    of cls.__bases__. See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/1024.
+    """
+    if platform.python_implementation() == "Jython":
+        return (cls,) + cls.__bases__
+    return inspect.getmro(cls)
+
+
+def get_unpatched(item):
+    lookup = (
+        get_unpatched_class if isinstance(item, type) else
+        get_unpatched_function if isinstance(item, types.FunctionType) else
+        lambda item: None
+    )
+    return lookup(item)
+
+
+def get_unpatched_class(cls):
+    """Protect against re-patching the distutils if reloaded
+
+    Also ensures that no other distutils extension monkeypatched the distutils
+    first.
+    """
+    external_bases = (
+        cls
+        for cls in _get_mro(cls)
+        if not cls.__module__.startswith('setuptools')
+    )
+    base = next(external_bases)
+    if not base.__module__.startswith('distutils'):
+        msg = "distutils has already been patched by %r" % cls
+        raise AssertionError(msg)
+    return base
+
+
+def patch_all():
+    # we can't patch distutils.cmd, alas
+    distutils.core.Command = setuptools.Command
+
+    has_issue_12885 = sys.version_info <= (3, 5, 3)
+
+    if has_issue_12885:
+        # fix findall bug in distutils (http://bugs.python.org/issue12885)
+        distutils.filelist.findall = setuptools.findall
+
+    needs_warehouse = (
+        sys.version_info < (2, 7, 13)
+        or
+        (3, 4) < sys.version_info < (3, 4, 6)
+        or
+        (3, 5) < sys.version_info <= (3, 5, 3)
+    )
+
+    if needs_warehouse:
+        warehouse = 'https://upload.pypi.org/legacy/'
+        distutils.config.PyPIRCCommand.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY = warehouse
+
+    _patch_distribution_metadata()
+
+    # Install Distribution throughout the distutils
+    for module in distutils.dist, distutils.core, distutils.cmd:
+        module.Distribution = setuptools.dist.Distribution
+
+    # Install the patched Extension
+    distutils.core.Extension = setuptools.extension.Extension
+    distutils.extension.Extension = setuptools.extension.Extension
+    if 'distutils.command.build_ext' in sys.modules:
+        sys.modules['distutils.command.build_ext'].Extension = (
+            setuptools.extension.Extension
+        )
+
+    patch_for_msvc_specialized_compiler()
+
+
+def _patch_distribution_metadata():
+    """Patch write_pkg_file and read_pkg_file for higher metadata standards"""
+    for attr in ('write_pkg_file', 'read_pkg_file', 'get_metadata_version'):
+        new_val = getattr(setuptools.dist, attr)
+        setattr(distutils.dist.DistributionMetadata, attr, new_val)
+
+
+def patch_func(replacement, target_mod, func_name):
+    """
+    Patch func_name in target_mod with replacement
+
+    Important - original must be resolved by name to avoid
+    patching an already patched function.
+    """
+    original = getattr(target_mod, func_name)
+
+    # set the 'unpatched' attribute on the replacement to
+    # point to the original.
+    vars(replacement).setdefault('unpatched', original)
+
+    # replace the function in the original module
+    setattr(target_mod, func_name, replacement)
+
+
+def get_unpatched_function(candidate):
+    return getattr(candidate, 'unpatched')
+
+
+def patch_for_msvc_specialized_compiler():
+    """
+    Patch functions in distutils to use standalone Microsoft Visual C++
+    compilers.
+    """
+    # import late to avoid circular imports on Python < 3.5
+    msvc = import_module('setuptools.msvc')
+
+    if platform.system() != 'Windows':
+        # Compilers only available on Microsoft Windows
+        return
+
+    def patch_params(mod_name, func_name):
+        """
+        Prepare the parameters for patch_func to patch indicated function.
+        """
+        repl_prefix = 'msvc9_' if 'msvc9' in mod_name else 'msvc14_'
+        repl_name = repl_prefix + func_name.lstrip('_')
+        repl = getattr(msvc, repl_name)
+        mod = import_module(mod_name)
+        if not hasattr(mod, func_name):
+            raise ImportError(func_name)
+        return repl, mod, func_name
+
+    # Python 2.7 to 3.4
+    msvc9 = functools.partial(patch_params, 'distutils.msvc9compiler')
+
+    # Python 3.5+
+    msvc14 = functools.partial(patch_params, 'distutils._msvccompiler')
+
+    try:
+        # Patch distutils.msvc9compiler
+        patch_func(*msvc9('find_vcvarsall'))
+        patch_func(*msvc9('query_vcvarsall'))
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        # Patch distutils._msvccompiler._get_vc_env
+        patch_func(*msvc14('_get_vc_env'))
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        # Patch distutils._msvccompiler.gen_lib_options for Numpy
+        patch_func(*msvc14('gen_lib_options'))
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/msvc.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/msvc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..281ea1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/msvc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1805 @@
+"""
+Improved support for Microsoft Visual C++ compilers.
+
+Known supported compilers:
+--------------------------
+Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0:
+    Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7 (x86, amd64)
+    Microsoft Windows SDK 6.1 (x86, x64, ia64)
+    Microsoft Windows SDK 7.0 (x86, x64, ia64)
+
+Microsoft Visual C++ 10.0:
+    Microsoft Windows SDK 7.1 (x86, x64, ia64)
+
+Microsoft Visual C++ 14.X:
+    Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools 2015 (x86, x64, arm)
+    Microsoft Visual Studio Build Tools 2017 (x86, x64, arm, arm64)
+    Microsoft Visual Studio Build Tools 2019 (x86, x64, arm, arm64)
+
+This may also support compilers shipped with compatible Visual Studio versions.
+"""
+
+import json
+from io import open
+from os import listdir, pathsep
+from os.path import join, isfile, isdir, dirname
+import sys
+import contextlib
+import platform
+import itertools
+import subprocess
+import distutils.errors
+from setuptools.extern.packaging.version import LegacyVersion
+from setuptools.extern.more_itertools import unique_everseen
+
+from .monkey import get_unpatched
+
+if platform.system() == 'Windows':
+    import winreg
+    from os import environ
+else:
+    # Mock winreg and environ so the module can be imported on this platform.
+
+    class winreg:
+        HKEY_USERS = None
+        HKEY_CURRENT_USER = None
+        HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE = None
+        HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT = None
+
+    environ = dict()
+
+_msvc9_suppress_errors = (
+    # msvc9compiler isn't available on some platforms
+    ImportError,
+
+    # msvc9compiler raises DistutilsPlatformError in some
+    # environments. See #1118.
+    distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError,
+)
+
+try:
+    from distutils.msvc9compiler import Reg
+except _msvc9_suppress_errors:
+    pass
+
+
+def msvc9_find_vcvarsall(version):
+    """
+    Patched "distutils.msvc9compiler.find_vcvarsall" to use the standalone
+    compiler build for Python
+    (VCForPython / Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7).
+
+    Fall back to original behavior when the standalone compiler is not
+    available.
+
+    Redirect the path of "vcvarsall.bat".
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    version: float
+        Required Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+
+    Return
+    ------
+    str
+        vcvarsall.bat path
+    """
+    vc_base = r'Software\%sMicrosoft\DevDiv\VCForPython\%0.1f'
+    key = vc_base % ('', version)
+    try:
+        # Per-user installs register the compiler path here
+        productdir = Reg.get_value(key, "installdir")
+    except KeyError:
+        try:
+            # All-user installs on a 64-bit system register here
+            key = vc_base % ('Wow6432Node\\', version)
+            productdir = Reg.get_value(key, "installdir")
+        except KeyError:
+            productdir = None
+
+    if productdir:
+        vcvarsall = join(productdir, "vcvarsall.bat")
+        if isfile(vcvarsall):
+            return vcvarsall
+
+    return get_unpatched(msvc9_find_vcvarsall)(version)
+
+
+def msvc9_query_vcvarsall(ver, arch='x86', *args, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Patched "distutils.msvc9compiler.query_vcvarsall" for support extra
+    Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0 and 10.0 compilers.
+
+    Set environment without use of "vcvarsall.bat".
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ver: float
+        Required Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+    arch: str
+        Target architecture.
+
+    Return
+    ------
+    dict
+        environment
+    """
+    # Try to get environment from vcvarsall.bat (Classical way)
+    try:
+        orig = get_unpatched(msvc9_query_vcvarsall)
+        return orig(ver, arch, *args, **kwargs)
+    except distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError:
+        # Pass error if Vcvarsall.bat is missing
+        pass
+    except ValueError:
+        # Pass error if environment not set after executing vcvarsall.bat
+        pass
+
+    # If error, try to set environment directly
+    try:
+        return EnvironmentInfo(arch, ver).return_env()
+    except distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError as exc:
+        _augment_exception(exc, ver, arch)
+        raise
+
+
+def _msvc14_find_vc2015():
+    """Python 3.8 "distutils/_msvccompiler.py" backport"""
+    try:
+        key = winreg.OpenKey(
+            winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
+            r"Software\Microsoft\VisualStudio\SxS\VC7",
+            0,
+            winreg.KEY_READ | winreg.KEY_WOW64_32KEY
+        )
+    except OSError:
+        return None, None
+
+    best_version = 0
+    best_dir = None
+    with key:
+        for i in itertools.count():
+            try:
+                v, vc_dir, vt = winreg.EnumValue(key, i)
+            except OSError:
+                break
+            if v and vt == winreg.REG_SZ and isdir(vc_dir):
+                try:
+                    version = int(float(v))
+                except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                    continue
+                if version >= 14 and version > best_version:
+                    best_version, best_dir = version, vc_dir
+    return best_version, best_dir
+
+
+def _msvc14_find_vc2017():
+    """Python 3.8 "distutils/_msvccompiler.py" backport
+
+    Returns "15, path" based on the result of invoking vswhere.exe
+    If no install is found, returns "None, None"
+
+    The version is returned to avoid unnecessarily changing the function
+    result. It may be ignored when the path is not None.
+
+    If vswhere.exe is not available, by definition, VS 2017 is not
+    installed.
+    """
+    root = environ.get("ProgramFiles(x86)") or environ.get("ProgramFiles")
+    if not root:
+        return None, None
+
+    try:
+        path = subprocess.check_output([
+            join(root, "Microsoft Visual Studio", "Installer", "vswhere.exe"),
+            "-latest",
+            "-prerelease",
+            "-requiresAny",
+            "-requires", "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64",
+            "-requires", "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.WDExpress",
+            "-property", "installationPath",
+            "-products", "*",
+        ]).decode(encoding="mbcs", errors="strict").strip()
+    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, OSError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+        return None, None
+
+    path = join(path, "VC", "Auxiliary", "Build")
+    if isdir(path):
+        return 15, path
+
+    return None, None
+
+
+PLAT_SPEC_TO_RUNTIME = {
+    'x86': 'x86',
+    'x86_amd64': 'x64',
+    'x86_arm': 'arm',
+    'x86_arm64': 'arm64'
+}
+
+
+def _msvc14_find_vcvarsall(plat_spec):
+    """Python 3.8 "distutils/_msvccompiler.py" backport"""
+    _, best_dir = _msvc14_find_vc2017()
+    vcruntime = None
+
+    if plat_spec in PLAT_SPEC_TO_RUNTIME:
+        vcruntime_plat = PLAT_SPEC_TO_RUNTIME[plat_spec]
+    else:
+        vcruntime_plat = 'x64' if 'amd64' in plat_spec else 'x86'
+
+    if best_dir:
+        vcredist = join(best_dir, "..", "..", "redist", "MSVC", "**",
+                        vcruntime_plat, "Microsoft.VC14*.CRT",
+                        "vcruntime140.dll")
+        try:
+            import glob
+            vcruntime = glob.glob(vcredist, recursive=True)[-1]
+        except (ImportError, OSError, LookupError):
+            vcruntime = None
+
+    if not best_dir:
+        best_version, best_dir = _msvc14_find_vc2015()
+        if best_version:
+            vcruntime = join(best_dir, 'redist', vcruntime_plat,
+                             "Microsoft.VC140.CRT", "vcruntime140.dll")
+
+    if not best_dir:
+        return None, None
+
+    vcvarsall = join(best_dir, "vcvarsall.bat")
+    if not isfile(vcvarsall):
+        return None, None
+
+    if not vcruntime or not isfile(vcruntime):
+        vcruntime = None
+
+    return vcvarsall, vcruntime
+
+
+def _msvc14_get_vc_env(plat_spec):
+    """Python 3.8 "distutils/_msvccompiler.py" backport"""
+    if "DISTUTILS_USE_SDK" in environ:
+        return {
+            key.lower(): value
+            for key, value in environ.items()
+        }
+
+    vcvarsall, vcruntime = _msvc14_find_vcvarsall(plat_spec)
+    if not vcvarsall:
+        raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(
+            "Unable to find vcvarsall.bat"
+        )
+
+    try:
+        out = subprocess.check_output(
+            'cmd /u /c "{}" {} && set'.format(vcvarsall, plat_spec),
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        ).decode('utf-16le', errors='replace')
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as exc:
+        raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(
+            "Error executing {}".format(exc.cmd)
+        ) from exc
+
+    env = {
+        key.lower(): value
+        for key, _, value in
+        (line.partition('=') for line in out.splitlines())
+        if key and value
+    }
+
+    if vcruntime:
+        env['py_vcruntime_redist'] = vcruntime
+    return env
+
+
+def msvc14_get_vc_env(plat_spec):
+    """
+    Patched "distutils._msvccompiler._get_vc_env" for support extra
+    Microsoft Visual C++ 14.X compilers.
+
+    Set environment without use of "vcvarsall.bat".
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    plat_spec: str
+        Target architecture.
+
+    Return
+    ------
+    dict
+        environment
+    """
+
+    # Always use backport from CPython 3.8
+    try:
+        return _msvc14_get_vc_env(plat_spec)
+    except distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError as exc:
+        _augment_exception(exc, 14.0)
+        raise
+
+
+def msvc14_gen_lib_options(*args, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Patched "distutils._msvccompiler.gen_lib_options" for fix
+    compatibility between "numpy.distutils" and "distutils._msvccompiler"
+    (for Numpy < 1.11.2)
+    """
+    if "numpy.distutils" in sys.modules:
+        import numpy as np
+        if LegacyVersion(np.__version__) < LegacyVersion('1.11.2'):
+            return np.distutils.ccompiler.gen_lib_options(*args, **kwargs)
+    return get_unpatched(msvc14_gen_lib_options)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _augment_exception(exc, version, arch=''):
+    """
+    Add details to the exception message to help guide the user
+    as to what action will resolve it.
+    """
+    # Error if MSVC++ directory not found or environment not set
+    message = exc.args[0]
+
+    if "vcvarsall" in message.lower() or "visual c" in message.lower():
+        # Special error message if MSVC++ not installed
+        tmpl = 'Microsoft Visual C++ {version:0.1f} or greater is required.'
+        message = tmpl.format(**locals())
+        msdownload = 'www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=%d'
+        if version == 9.0:
+            if arch.lower().find('ia64') > -1:
+                # For VC++ 9.0, if IA64 support is needed, redirect user
+                # to Windows SDK 7.0.
+                # Note: No download link available from Microsoft.
+                message += ' Get it with "Microsoft Windows SDK 7.0"'
+            else:
+                # For VC++ 9.0 redirect user to Vc++ for Python 2.7 :
+                # This redirection link is maintained by Microsoft.
+                # Contact vspython@microsoft.com if it needs updating.
+                message += ' Get it from http://aka.ms/vcpython27'
+        elif version == 10.0:
+            # For VC++ 10.0 Redirect user to Windows SDK 7.1
+            message += ' Get it with "Microsoft Windows SDK 7.1": '
+            message += msdownload % 8279
+        elif version >= 14.0:
+            # For VC++ 14.X Redirect user to latest Visual C++ Build Tools
+            message += (' Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": '
+                        r'https://visualstudio.microsoft.com'
+                        r'/visual-cpp-build-tools/')
+
+    exc.args = (message, )
+
+
+class PlatformInfo:
+    """
+    Current and Target Architectures information.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    arch: str
+        Target architecture.
+    """
+    current_cpu = environ.get('processor_architecture', '').lower()
+
+    def __init__(self, arch):
+        self.arch = arch.lower().replace('x64', 'amd64')
+
+    @property
+    def target_cpu(self):
+        """
+        Return Target CPU architecture.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Target CPU
+        """
+        return self.arch[self.arch.find('_') + 1:]
+
+    def target_is_x86(self):
+        """
+        Return True if target CPU is x86 32 bits..
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        bool
+            CPU is x86 32 bits
+        """
+        return self.target_cpu == 'x86'
+
+    def current_is_x86(self):
+        """
+        Return True if current CPU is x86 32 bits..
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        bool
+            CPU is x86 32 bits
+        """
+        return self.current_cpu == 'x86'
+
+    def current_dir(self, hidex86=False, x64=False):
+        """
+        Current platform specific subfolder.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        hidex86: bool
+            return '' and not '\x86' if architecture is x86.
+        x64: bool
+            return '\x64' and not '\amd64' if architecture is amd64.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            subfolder: '\target', or '' (see hidex86 parameter)
+        """
+        return (
+            '' if (self.current_cpu == 'x86' and hidex86) else
+            r'\x64' if (self.current_cpu == 'amd64' and x64) else
+            r'\%s' % self.current_cpu
+        )
+
+    def target_dir(self, hidex86=False, x64=False):
+        r"""
+        Target platform specific subfolder.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        hidex86: bool
+            return '' and not '\x86' if architecture is x86.
+        x64: bool
+            return '\x64' and not '\amd64' if architecture is amd64.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            subfolder: '\current', or '' (see hidex86 parameter)
+        """
+        return (
+            '' if (self.target_cpu == 'x86' and hidex86) else
+            r'\x64' if (self.target_cpu == 'amd64' and x64) else
+            r'\%s' % self.target_cpu
+        )
+
+    def cross_dir(self, forcex86=False):
+        r"""
+        Cross platform specific subfolder.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        forcex86: bool
+            Use 'x86' as current architecture even if current architecture is
+            not x86.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            subfolder: '' if target architecture is current architecture,
+            '\current_target' if not.
+        """
+        current = 'x86' if forcex86 else self.current_cpu
+        return (
+            '' if self.target_cpu == current else
+            self.target_dir().replace('\\', '\\%s_' % current)
+        )
+
+
+class RegistryInfo:
+    """
+    Microsoft Visual Studio related registry information.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    platform_info: PlatformInfo
+        "PlatformInfo" instance.
+    """
+    HKEYS = (winreg.HKEY_USERS,
+             winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+             winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
+             winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT)
+
+    def __init__(self, platform_info):
+        self.pi = platform_info
+
+    @property
+    def visualstudio(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio root registry key.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        return 'VisualStudio'
+
+    @property
+    def sxs(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio SxS registry key.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        return join(self.visualstudio, 'SxS')
+
+    @property
+    def vc(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ VC7 registry key.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        return join(self.sxs, 'VC7')
+
+    @property
+    def vs(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio VS7 registry key.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        return join(self.sxs, 'VS7')
+
+    @property
+    def vc_for_python(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ for Python registry key.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        return r'DevDiv\VCForPython'
+
+    @property
+    def microsoft_sdk(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft SDK registry key.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        return 'Microsoft SDKs'
+
+    @property
+    def windows_sdk(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows/Platform SDK registry key.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        return join(self.microsoft_sdk, 'Windows')
+
+    @property
+    def netfx_sdk(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework SDK registry key.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        return join(self.microsoft_sdk, 'NETFXSDK')
+
+    @property
+    def windows_kits_roots(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows Kits Roots registry key.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        return r'Windows Kits\Installed Roots'
+
+    def microsoft(self, key, x86=False):
+        """
+        Return key in Microsoft software registry.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        key: str
+            Registry key path where look.
+        x86: str
+            Force x86 software registry.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Registry key
+        """
+        node64 = '' if self.pi.current_is_x86() or x86 else 'Wow6432Node'
+        return join('Software', node64, 'Microsoft', key)
+
+    def lookup(self, key, name):
+        """
+        Look for values in registry in Microsoft software registry.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        key: str
+            Registry key path where look.
+        name: str
+            Value name to find.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            value
+        """
+        key_read = winreg.KEY_READ
+        openkey = winreg.OpenKey
+        closekey = winreg.CloseKey
+        ms = self.microsoft
+        for hkey in self.HKEYS:
+            bkey = None
+            try:
+                bkey = openkey(hkey, ms(key), 0, key_read)
+            except (OSError, IOError):
+                if not self.pi.current_is_x86():
+                    try:
+                        bkey = openkey(hkey, ms(key, True), 0, key_read)
+                    except (OSError, IOError):
+                        continue
+                else:
+                    continue
+            try:
+                return winreg.QueryValueEx(bkey, name)[0]
+            except (OSError, IOError):
+                pass
+            finally:
+                if bkey:
+                    closekey(bkey)
+
+
+class SystemInfo:
+    """
+    Microsoft Windows and Visual Studio related system information.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    registry_info: RegistryInfo
+        "RegistryInfo" instance.
+    vc_ver: float
+        Required Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+    """
+
+    # Variables and properties in this class use originals CamelCase variables
+    # names from Microsoft source files for more easy comparison.
+    WinDir = environ.get('WinDir', '')
+    ProgramFiles = environ.get('ProgramFiles', '')
+    ProgramFilesx86 = environ.get('ProgramFiles(x86)', ProgramFiles)
+
+    def __init__(self, registry_info, vc_ver=None):
+        self.ri = registry_info
+        self.pi = self.ri.pi
+
+        self.known_vs_paths = self.find_programdata_vs_vers()
+
+        # Except for VS15+, VC version is aligned with VS version
+        self.vs_ver = self.vc_ver = (
+            vc_ver or self._find_latest_available_vs_ver())
+
+    def _find_latest_available_vs_ver(self):
+        """
+        Find the latest VC version
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        float
+            version
+        """
+        reg_vc_vers = self.find_reg_vs_vers()
+
+        if not (reg_vc_vers or self.known_vs_paths):
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(
+                'No Microsoft Visual C++ version found')
+
+        vc_vers = set(reg_vc_vers)
+        vc_vers.update(self.known_vs_paths)
+        return sorted(vc_vers)[-1]
+
+    def find_reg_vs_vers(self):
+        """
+        Find Microsoft Visual Studio versions available in registry.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of float
+            Versions
+        """
+        ms = self.ri.microsoft
+        vckeys = (self.ri.vc, self.ri.vc_for_python, self.ri.vs)
+        vs_vers = []
+        for hkey, key in itertools.product(self.ri.HKEYS, vckeys):
+            try:
+                bkey = winreg.OpenKey(hkey, ms(key), 0, winreg.KEY_READ)
+            except (OSError, IOError):
+                continue
+            with bkey:
+                subkeys, values, _ = winreg.QueryInfoKey(bkey)
+                for i in range(values):
+                    with contextlib.suppress(ValueError):
+                        ver = float(winreg.EnumValue(bkey, i)[0])
+                        if ver not in vs_vers:
+                            vs_vers.append(ver)
+                for i in range(subkeys):
+                    with contextlib.suppress(ValueError):
+                        ver = float(winreg.EnumKey(bkey, i))
+                        if ver not in vs_vers:
+                            vs_vers.append(ver)
+        return sorted(vs_vers)
+
+    def find_programdata_vs_vers(self):
+        r"""
+        Find Visual studio 2017+ versions from information in
+        "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\VisualStudio\Packages\_Instances".
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        dict
+            float version as key, path as value.
+        """
+        vs_versions = {}
+        instances_dir = \
+            r'C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\VisualStudio\Packages\_Instances'
+
+        try:
+            hashed_names = listdir(instances_dir)
+
+        except (OSError, IOError):
+            # Directory not exists with all Visual Studio versions
+            return vs_versions
+
+        for name in hashed_names:
+            try:
+                # Get VS installation path from "state.json" file
+                state_path = join(instances_dir, name, 'state.json')
+                with open(state_path, 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as state_file:
+                    state = json.load(state_file)
+                vs_path = state['installationPath']
+
+                # Raises OSError if this VS installation does not contain VC
+                listdir(join(vs_path, r'VC\Tools\MSVC'))
+
+                # Store version and path
+                vs_versions[self._as_float_version(
+                    state['installationVersion'])] = vs_path
+
+            except (OSError, IOError, KeyError):
+                # Skip if "state.json" file is missing or bad format
+                continue
+
+        return vs_versions
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _as_float_version(version):
+        """
+        Return a string version as a simplified float version (major.minor)
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        version: str
+            Version.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        float
+            version
+        """
+        return float('.'.join(version.split('.')[:2]))
+
+    @property
+    def VSInstallDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio directory.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        # Default path
+        default = join(self.ProgramFilesx86,
+                       'Microsoft Visual Studio %0.1f' % self.vs_ver)
+
+        # Try to get path from registry, if fail use default path
+        return self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vs, '%0.1f' % self.vs_ver) or default
+
+    @property
+    def VCInstallDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ directory.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        path = self._guess_vc() or self._guess_vc_legacy()
+
+        if not isdir(path):
+            msg = 'Microsoft Visual C++ directory not found'
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(msg)
+
+        return path
+
+    def _guess_vc(self):
+        """
+        Locate Visual C++ for VS2017+.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver <= 14.0:
+            return ''
+
+        try:
+            # First search in known VS paths
+            vs_dir = self.known_vs_paths[self.vs_ver]
+        except KeyError:
+            # Else, search with path from registry
+            vs_dir = self.VSInstallDir
+
+        guess_vc = join(vs_dir, r'VC\Tools\MSVC')
+
+        # Subdir with VC exact version as name
+        try:
+            # Update the VC version with real one instead of VS version
+            vc_ver = listdir(guess_vc)[-1]
+            self.vc_ver = self._as_float_version(vc_ver)
+            return join(guess_vc, vc_ver)
+        except (OSError, IOError, IndexError):
+            return ''
+
+    def _guess_vc_legacy(self):
+        """
+        Locate Visual C++ for versions prior to 2017.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        default = join(self.ProgramFilesx86,
+                       r'Microsoft Visual Studio %0.1f\VC' % self.vs_ver)
+
+        # Try to get "VC++ for Python" path from registry as default path
+        reg_path = join(self.ri.vc_for_python, '%0.1f' % self.vs_ver)
+        python_vc = self.ri.lookup(reg_path, 'installdir')
+        default_vc = join(python_vc, 'VC') if python_vc else default
+
+        # Try to get path from registry, if fail use default path
+        return self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vc, '%0.1f' % self.vs_ver) or default_vc
+
+    @property
+    def WindowsSdkVersion(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK versions for specified MSVC++ version.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        tuple of str
+            versions
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver <= 9.0:
+            return '7.0', '6.1', '6.0a'
+        elif self.vs_ver == 10.0:
+            return '7.1', '7.0a'
+        elif self.vs_ver == 11.0:
+            return '8.0', '8.0a'
+        elif self.vs_ver == 12.0:
+            return '8.1', '8.1a'
+        elif self.vs_ver >= 14.0:
+            return '10.0', '8.1'
+
+    @property
+    def WindowsSdkLastVersion(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK last version.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            version
+        """
+        return self._use_last_dir_name(join(self.WindowsSdkDir, 'lib'))
+
+    @property  # noqa: C901
+    def WindowsSdkDir(self):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (12)  # FIXME
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK directory.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        sdkdir = ''
+        for ver in self.WindowsSdkVersion:
+            # Try to get it from registry
+            loc = join(self.ri.windows_sdk, 'v%s' % ver)
+            sdkdir = self.ri.lookup(loc, 'installationfolder')
+            if sdkdir:
+                break
+        if not sdkdir or not isdir(sdkdir):
+            # Try to get "VC++ for Python" version from registry
+            path = join(self.ri.vc_for_python, '%0.1f' % self.vc_ver)
+            install_base = self.ri.lookup(path, 'installdir')
+            if install_base:
+                sdkdir = join(install_base, 'WinSDK')
+        if not sdkdir or not isdir(sdkdir):
+            # If fail, use default new path
+            for ver in self.WindowsSdkVersion:
+                intver = ver[:ver.rfind('.')]
+                path = r'Microsoft SDKs\Windows Kits\%s' % intver
+                d = join(self.ProgramFiles, path)
+                if isdir(d):
+                    sdkdir = d
+        if not sdkdir or not isdir(sdkdir):
+            # If fail, use default old path
+            for ver in self.WindowsSdkVersion:
+                path = r'Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v%s' % ver
+                d = join(self.ProgramFiles, path)
+                if isdir(d):
+                    sdkdir = d
+        if not sdkdir:
+            # If fail, use Platform SDK
+            sdkdir = join(self.VCInstallDir, 'PlatformSDK')
+        return sdkdir
+
+    @property
+    def WindowsSDKExecutablePath(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK executable directory.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        # Find WinSDK NetFx Tools registry dir name
+        if self.vs_ver <= 11.0:
+            netfxver = 35
+            arch = ''
+        else:
+            netfxver = 40
+            hidex86 = True if self.vs_ver <= 12.0 else False
+            arch = self.pi.current_dir(x64=True, hidex86=hidex86)
+        fx = 'WinSDK-NetFx%dTools%s' % (netfxver, arch.replace('\\', '-'))
+
+        # list all possibles registry paths
+        regpaths = []
+        if self.vs_ver >= 14.0:
+            for ver in self.NetFxSdkVersion:
+                regpaths += [join(self.ri.netfx_sdk, ver, fx)]
+
+        for ver in self.WindowsSdkVersion:
+            regpaths += [join(self.ri.windows_sdk, 'v%sA' % ver, fx)]
+
+        # Return installation folder from the more recent path
+        for path in regpaths:
+            execpath = self.ri.lookup(path, 'installationfolder')
+            if execpath:
+                return execpath
+
+    @property
+    def FSharpInstallDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual F# directory.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        path = join(self.ri.visualstudio, r'%0.1f\Setup\F#' % self.vs_ver)
+        return self.ri.lookup(path, 'productdir') or ''
+
+    @property
+    def UniversalCRTSdkDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal CRT SDK directory.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        # Set Kit Roots versions for specified MSVC++ version
+        vers = ('10', '81') if self.vs_ver >= 14.0 else ()
+
+        # Find path of the more recent Kit
+        for ver in vers:
+            sdkdir = self.ri.lookup(self.ri.windows_kits_roots,
+                                    'kitsroot%s' % ver)
+            if sdkdir:
+                return sdkdir or ''
+
+    @property
+    def UniversalCRTSdkLastVersion(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal C Runtime SDK last version.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            version
+        """
+        return self._use_last_dir_name(join(self.UniversalCRTSdkDir, 'lib'))
+
+    @property
+    def NetFxSdkVersion(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework SDK versions.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        tuple of str
+            versions
+        """
+        # Set FxSdk versions for specified VS version
+        return (('4.7.2', '4.7.1', '4.7',
+                 '4.6.2', '4.6.1', '4.6',
+                 '4.5.2', '4.5.1', '4.5')
+                if self.vs_ver >= 14.0 else ())
+
+    @property
+    def NetFxSdkDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework SDK directory.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        sdkdir = ''
+        for ver in self.NetFxSdkVersion:
+            loc = join(self.ri.netfx_sdk, ver)
+            sdkdir = self.ri.lookup(loc, 'kitsinstallationfolder')
+            if sdkdir:
+                break
+        return sdkdir
+
+    @property
+    def FrameworkDir32(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework 32bit directory.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        # Default path
+        guess_fw = join(self.WinDir, r'Microsoft.NET\Framework')
+
+        # Try to get path from registry, if fail use default path
+        return self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vc, 'frameworkdir32') or guess_fw
+
+    @property
+    def FrameworkDir64(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework 64bit directory.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        # Default path
+        guess_fw = join(self.WinDir, r'Microsoft.NET\Framework64')
+
+        # Try to get path from registry, if fail use default path
+        return self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vc, 'frameworkdir64') or guess_fw
+
+    @property
+    def FrameworkVersion32(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework 32bit versions.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        tuple of str
+            versions
+        """
+        return self._find_dot_net_versions(32)
+
+    @property
+    def FrameworkVersion64(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework 64bit versions.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        tuple of str
+            versions
+        """
+        return self._find_dot_net_versions(64)
+
+    def _find_dot_net_versions(self, bits):
+        """
+        Find Microsoft .NET Framework versions.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        bits: int
+            Platform number of bits: 32 or 64.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        tuple of str
+            versions
+        """
+        # Find actual .NET version in registry
+        reg_ver = self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vc, 'frameworkver%d' % bits)
+        dot_net_dir = getattr(self, 'FrameworkDir%d' % bits)
+        ver = reg_ver or self._use_last_dir_name(dot_net_dir, 'v') or ''
+
+        # Set .NET versions for specified MSVC++ version
+        if self.vs_ver >= 12.0:
+            return ver, 'v4.0'
+        elif self.vs_ver >= 10.0:
+            return 'v4.0.30319' if ver.lower()[:2] != 'v4' else ver, 'v3.5'
+        elif self.vs_ver == 9.0:
+            return 'v3.5', 'v2.0.50727'
+        elif self.vs_ver == 8.0:
+            return 'v3.0', 'v2.0.50727'
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _use_last_dir_name(path, prefix=''):
+        """
+        Return name of the last dir in path or '' if no dir found.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        path: str
+            Use dirs in this path
+        prefix: str
+            Use only dirs starting by this prefix
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            name
+        """
+        matching_dirs = (
+            dir_name
+            for dir_name in reversed(listdir(path))
+            if isdir(join(path, dir_name)) and
+            dir_name.startswith(prefix)
+        )
+        return next(matching_dirs, None) or ''
+
+
+class EnvironmentInfo:
+    """
+    Return environment variables for specified Microsoft Visual C++ version
+    and platform : Lib, Include, Path and libpath.
+
+    This function is compatible with Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0 to 14.X.
+
+    Script created by analysing Microsoft environment configuration files like
+    "vcvars[...].bat", "SetEnv.Cmd", "vcbuildtools.bat", ...
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    arch: str
+        Target architecture.
+    vc_ver: float
+        Required Microsoft Visual C++ version. If not set, autodetect the last
+        version.
+    vc_min_ver: float
+        Minimum Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+    """
+
+    # Variables and properties in this class use originals CamelCase variables
+    # names from Microsoft source files for more easy comparison.
+
+    def __init__(self, arch, vc_ver=None, vc_min_ver=0):
+        self.pi = PlatformInfo(arch)
+        self.ri = RegistryInfo(self.pi)
+        self.si = SystemInfo(self.ri, vc_ver)
+
+        if self.vc_ver < vc_min_ver:
+            err = 'No suitable Microsoft Visual C++ version found'
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(err)
+
+    @property
+    def vs_ver(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        float
+            version
+        """
+        return self.si.vs_ver
+
+    @property
+    def vc_ver(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        float
+            version
+        """
+        return self.si.vc_ver
+
+    @property
+    def VSTools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio Tools.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        paths = [r'Common7\IDE', r'Common7\Tools']
+
+        if self.vs_ver >= 14.0:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(hidex86=True, x64=True)
+            paths += [r'Common7\IDE\CommonExtensions\Microsoft\TestWindow']
+            paths += [r'Team Tools\Performance Tools']
+            paths += [r'Team Tools\Performance Tools%s' % arch_subdir]
+
+        return [join(self.si.VSInstallDir, path) for path in paths]
+
+    @property
+    def VCIncludes(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ & Microsoft Foundation Class Includes.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        return [join(self.si.VCInstallDir, 'Include'),
+                join(self.si.VCInstallDir, r'ATLMFC\Include')]
+
+    @property
+    def VCLibraries(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ & Microsoft Foundation Class Libraries.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver >= 15.0:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True)
+        else:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(hidex86=True)
+        paths = ['Lib%s' % arch_subdir, r'ATLMFC\Lib%s' % arch_subdir]
+
+        if self.vs_ver >= 14.0:
+            paths += [r'Lib\store%s' % arch_subdir]
+
+        return [join(self.si.VCInstallDir, path) for path in paths]
+
+    @property
+    def VCStoreRefs(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ store references Libraries.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver < 14.0:
+            return []
+        return [join(self.si.VCInstallDir, r'Lib\store\references')]
+
+    @property
+    def VCTools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ Tools.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        si = self.si
+        tools = [join(si.VCInstallDir, 'VCPackages')]
+
+        forcex86 = True if self.vs_ver <= 10.0 else False
+        arch_subdir = self.pi.cross_dir(forcex86)
+        if arch_subdir:
+            tools += [join(si.VCInstallDir, 'Bin%s' % arch_subdir)]
+
+        if self.vs_ver == 14.0:
+            path = 'Bin%s' % self.pi.current_dir(hidex86=True)
+            tools += [join(si.VCInstallDir, path)]
+
+        elif self.vs_ver >= 15.0:
+            host_dir = (r'bin\HostX86%s' if self.pi.current_is_x86() else
+                        r'bin\HostX64%s')
+            tools += [join(
+                si.VCInstallDir, host_dir % self.pi.target_dir(x64=True))]
+
+            if self.pi.current_cpu != self.pi.target_cpu:
+                tools += [join(
+                    si.VCInstallDir, host_dir % self.pi.current_dir(x64=True))]
+
+        else:
+            tools += [join(si.VCInstallDir, 'Bin')]
+
+        return tools
+
+    @property
+    def OSLibraries(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Libraries.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver <= 10.0:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(hidex86=True, x64=True)
+            return [join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'Lib%s' % arch_subdir)]
+
+        else:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True)
+            lib = join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'lib')
+            libver = self._sdk_subdir
+            return [join(lib, '%sum%s' % (libver, arch_subdir))]
+
+    @property
+    def OSIncludes(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Include.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        include = join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'include')
+
+        if self.vs_ver <= 10.0:
+            return [include, join(include, 'gl')]
+
+        else:
+            if self.vs_ver >= 14.0:
+                sdkver = self._sdk_subdir
+            else:
+                sdkver = ''
+            return [join(include, '%sshared' % sdkver),
+                    join(include, '%sum' % sdkver),
+                    join(include, '%swinrt' % sdkver)]
+
+    @property
+    def OSLibpath(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Libraries Paths.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        ref = join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'References')
+        libpath = []
+
+        if self.vs_ver <= 9.0:
+            libpath += self.OSLibraries
+
+        if self.vs_ver >= 11.0:
+            libpath += [join(ref, r'CommonConfiguration\Neutral')]
+
+        if self.vs_ver >= 14.0:
+            libpath += [
+                ref,
+                join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'UnionMetadata'),
+                join(
+                    ref, 'Windows.Foundation.UniversalApiContract', '1.0.0.0'),
+                join(ref, 'Windows.Foundation.FoundationContract', '1.0.0.0'),
+                join(
+                    ref, 'Windows.Networking.Connectivity.WwanContract',
+                    '1.0.0.0'),
+                join(
+                    self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'ExtensionSDKs', 'Microsoft.VCLibs',
+                    '%0.1f' % self.vs_ver, 'References', 'CommonConfiguration',
+                    'neutral'),
+            ]
+        return libpath
+
+    @property
+    def SdkTools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Tools.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        return list(self._sdk_tools())
+
+    def _sdk_tools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Tools paths generator.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        generator of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver < 15.0:
+            bin_dir = 'Bin' if self.vs_ver <= 11.0 else r'Bin\x86'
+            yield join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, bin_dir)
+
+        if not self.pi.current_is_x86():
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(x64=True)
+            path = 'Bin%s' % arch_subdir
+            yield join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, path)
+
+        if self.vs_ver in (10.0, 11.0):
+            if self.pi.target_is_x86():
+                arch_subdir = ''
+            else:
+                arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(hidex86=True, x64=True)
+            path = r'Bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools%s' % arch_subdir
+            yield join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, path)
+
+        elif self.vs_ver >= 15.0:
+            path = join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'Bin')
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(x64=True)
+            sdkver = self.si.WindowsSdkLastVersion
+            yield join(path, '%s%s' % (sdkver, arch_subdir))
+
+        if self.si.WindowsSDKExecutablePath:
+            yield self.si.WindowsSDKExecutablePath
+
+    @property
+    def _sdk_subdir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK version subdir.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            subdir
+        """
+        ucrtver = self.si.WindowsSdkLastVersion
+        return ('%s\\' % ucrtver) if ucrtver else ''
+
+    @property
+    def SdkSetup(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Setup.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver > 9.0:
+            return []
+
+        return [join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'Setup')]
+
+    @property
+    def FxTools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework Tools.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        pi = self.pi
+        si = self.si
+
+        if self.vs_ver <= 10.0:
+            include32 = True
+            include64 = not pi.target_is_x86() and not pi.current_is_x86()
+        else:
+            include32 = pi.target_is_x86() or pi.current_is_x86()
+            include64 = pi.current_cpu == 'amd64' or pi.target_cpu == 'amd64'
+
+        tools = []
+        if include32:
+            tools += [join(si.FrameworkDir32, ver)
+                      for ver in si.FrameworkVersion32]
+        if include64:
+            tools += [join(si.FrameworkDir64, ver)
+                      for ver in si.FrameworkVersion64]
+        return tools
+
+    @property
+    def NetFxSDKLibraries(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .Net Framework SDK Libraries.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver < 14.0 or not self.si.NetFxSdkDir:
+            return []
+
+        arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True)
+        return [join(self.si.NetFxSdkDir, r'lib\um%s' % arch_subdir)]
+
+    @property
+    def NetFxSDKIncludes(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .Net Framework SDK Includes.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver < 14.0 or not self.si.NetFxSdkDir:
+            return []
+
+        return [join(self.si.NetFxSdkDir, r'include\um')]
+
+    @property
+    def VsTDb(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio Team System Database.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        return [join(self.si.VSInstallDir, r'VSTSDB\Deploy')]
+
+    @property
+    def MSBuild(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Build Engine.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver < 12.0:
+            return []
+        elif self.vs_ver < 15.0:
+            base_path = self.si.ProgramFilesx86
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(hidex86=True)
+        else:
+            base_path = self.si.VSInstallDir
+            arch_subdir = ''
+
+        path = r'MSBuild\%0.1f\bin%s' % (self.vs_ver, arch_subdir)
+        build = [join(base_path, path)]
+
+        if self.vs_ver >= 15.0:
+            # Add Roslyn C# & Visual Basic Compiler
+            build += [join(base_path, path, 'Roslyn')]
+
+        return build
+
+    @property
+    def HTMLHelpWorkshop(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft HTML Help Workshop.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver < 11.0:
+            return []
+
+        return [join(self.si.ProgramFilesx86, 'HTML Help Workshop')]
+
+    @property
+    def UCRTLibraries(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal C Runtime SDK Libraries.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver < 14.0:
+            return []
+
+        arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True)
+        lib = join(self.si.UniversalCRTSdkDir, 'lib')
+        ucrtver = self._ucrt_subdir
+        return [join(lib, '%sucrt%s' % (ucrtver, arch_subdir))]
+
+    @property
+    def UCRTIncludes(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal C Runtime SDK Include.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if self.vs_ver < 14.0:
+            return []
+
+        include = join(self.si.UniversalCRTSdkDir, 'include')
+        return [join(include, '%sucrt' % self._ucrt_subdir)]
+
+    @property
+    def _ucrt_subdir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal C Runtime SDK version subdir.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            subdir
+        """
+        ucrtver = self.si.UniversalCRTSdkLastVersion
+        return ('%s\\' % ucrtver) if ucrtver else ''
+
+    @property
+    def FSharp(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual F#.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        list of str
+            paths
+        """
+        if 11.0 > self.vs_ver > 12.0:
+            return []
+
+        return [self.si.FSharpInstallDir]
+
+    @property
+    def VCRuntimeRedist(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ runtime redistributable dll.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            path
+        """
+        vcruntime = 'vcruntime%d0.dll' % self.vc_ver
+        arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True).strip('\\')
+
+        # Installation prefixes candidates
+        prefixes = []
+        tools_path = self.si.VCInstallDir
+        redist_path = dirname(tools_path.replace(r'\Tools', r'\Redist'))
+        if isdir(redist_path):
+            # Redist version may not be exactly the same as tools
+            redist_path = join(redist_path, listdir(redist_path)[-1])
+            prefixes += [redist_path, join(redist_path, 'onecore')]
+
+        prefixes += [join(tools_path, 'redist')]  # VS14 legacy path
+
+        # CRT directory
+        crt_dirs = ('Microsoft.VC%d.CRT' % (self.vc_ver * 10),
+                    # Sometime store in directory with VS version instead of VC
+                    'Microsoft.VC%d.CRT' % (int(self.vs_ver) * 10))
+
+        # vcruntime path
+        for prefix, crt_dir in itertools.product(prefixes, crt_dirs):
+            path = join(prefix, arch_subdir, crt_dir, vcruntime)
+            if isfile(path):
+                return path
+
+    def return_env(self, exists=True):
+        """
+        Return environment dict.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        exists: bool
+            It True, only return existing paths.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        dict
+            environment
+        """
+        env = dict(
+            include=self._build_paths('include',
+                                      [self.VCIncludes,
+                                       self.OSIncludes,
+                                       self.UCRTIncludes,
+                                       self.NetFxSDKIncludes],
+                                      exists),
+            lib=self._build_paths('lib',
+                                  [self.VCLibraries,
+                                   self.OSLibraries,
+                                   self.FxTools,
+                                   self.UCRTLibraries,
+                                   self.NetFxSDKLibraries],
+                                  exists),
+            libpath=self._build_paths('libpath',
+                                      [self.VCLibraries,
+                                       self.FxTools,
+                                       self.VCStoreRefs,
+                                       self.OSLibpath],
+                                      exists),
+            path=self._build_paths('path',
+                                   [self.VCTools,
+                                    self.VSTools,
+                                    self.VsTDb,
+                                    self.SdkTools,
+                                    self.SdkSetup,
+                                    self.FxTools,
+                                    self.MSBuild,
+                                    self.HTMLHelpWorkshop,
+                                    self.FSharp],
+                                   exists),
+        )
+        if self.vs_ver >= 14 and isfile(self.VCRuntimeRedist):
+            env['py_vcruntime_redist'] = self.VCRuntimeRedist
+        return env
+
+    def _build_paths(self, name, spec_path_lists, exists):
+        """
+        Given an environment variable name and specified paths,
+        return a pathsep-separated string of paths containing
+        unique, extant, directories from those paths and from
+        the environment variable. Raise an error if no paths
+        are resolved.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        name: str
+            Environment variable name
+        spec_path_lists: list of str
+            Paths
+        exists: bool
+            It True, only return existing paths.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str
+            Pathsep-separated paths
+        """
+        # flatten spec_path_lists
+        spec_paths = itertools.chain.from_iterable(spec_path_lists)
+        env_paths = environ.get(name, '').split(pathsep)
+        paths = itertools.chain(spec_paths, env_paths)
+        extant_paths = list(filter(isdir, paths)) if exists else paths
+        if not extant_paths:
+            msg = "%s environment variable is empty" % name.upper()
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(msg)
+        unique_paths = unique_everseen(extant_paths)
+        return pathsep.join(unique_paths)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/namespaces.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/namespaces.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44939e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/namespaces.py
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+import os
+from distutils import log
+import itertools
+
+
+flatten = itertools.chain.from_iterable
+
+
+class Installer:
+
+    nspkg_ext = '-nspkg.pth'
+
+    def install_namespaces(self):
+        nsp = self._get_all_ns_packages()
+        if not nsp:
+            return
+        filename, ext = os.path.splitext(self._get_target())
+        filename += self.nspkg_ext
+        self.outputs.append(filename)
+        log.info("Installing %s", filename)
+        lines = map(self._gen_nspkg_line, nsp)
+
+        if self.dry_run:
+            # always generate the lines, even in dry run
+            list(lines)
+            return
+
+        with open(filename, 'wt') as f:
+            f.writelines(lines)
+
+    def uninstall_namespaces(self):
+        filename, ext = os.path.splitext(self._get_target())
+        filename += self.nspkg_ext
+        if not os.path.exists(filename):
+            return
+        log.info("Removing %s", filename)
+        os.remove(filename)
+
+    def _get_target(self):
+        return self.target
+
+    _nspkg_tmpl = (
+        "import sys, types, os",
+        "has_mfs = sys.version_info > (3, 5)",
+        "p = os.path.join(%(root)s, *%(pth)r)",
+        "importlib = has_mfs and __import__('importlib.util')",
+        "has_mfs and __import__('importlib.machinery')",
+        (
+            "m = has_mfs and "
+            "sys.modules.setdefault(%(pkg)r, "
+            "importlib.util.module_from_spec("
+            "importlib.machinery.PathFinder.find_spec(%(pkg)r, "
+            "[os.path.dirname(p)])))"
+        ),
+        (
+            "m = m or "
+            "sys.modules.setdefault(%(pkg)r, types.ModuleType(%(pkg)r))"
+        ),
+        "mp = (m or []) and m.__dict__.setdefault('__path__',[])",
+        "(p not in mp) and mp.append(p)",
+    )
+    "lines for the namespace installer"
+
+    _nspkg_tmpl_multi = (
+        'm and setattr(sys.modules[%(parent)r], %(child)r, m)',
+    )
+    "additional line(s) when a parent package is indicated"
+
+    def _get_root(self):
+        return "sys._getframe(1).f_locals['sitedir']"
+
+    def _gen_nspkg_line(self, pkg):
+        pth = tuple(pkg.split('.'))
+        root = self._get_root()
+        tmpl_lines = self._nspkg_tmpl
+        parent, sep, child = pkg.rpartition('.')
+        if parent:
+            tmpl_lines += self._nspkg_tmpl_multi
+        return ';'.join(tmpl_lines) % locals() + '\n'
+
+    def _get_all_ns_packages(self):
+        """Return sorted list of all package namespaces"""
+        pkgs = self.distribution.namespace_packages or []
+        return sorted(flatten(map(self._pkg_names, pkgs)))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _pkg_names(pkg):
+        """
+        Given a namespace package, yield the components of that
+        package.
+
+        >>> names = Installer._pkg_names('a.b.c')
+        >>> set(names) == set(['a', 'a.b', 'a.b.c'])
+        True
+        """
+        parts = pkg.split('.')
+        while parts:
+            yield '.'.join(parts)
+            parts.pop()
+
+
+class DevelopInstaller(Installer):
+    def _get_root(self):
+        return repr(str(self.egg_path))
+
+    def _get_target(self):
+        return self.egg_link
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/package_index.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/package_index.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..270e7f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/package_index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1127 @@
+"""PyPI and direct package downloading"""
+import sys
+import os
+import re
+import io
+import shutil
+import socket
+import base64
+import hashlib
+import itertools
+import warnings
+import configparser
+import html
+import http.client
+import urllib.parse
+import urllib.request
+import urllib.error
+from functools import wraps
+
+import setuptools
+from pkg_resources import (
+    CHECKOUT_DIST, Distribution, BINARY_DIST, normalize_path, SOURCE_DIST,
+    Environment, find_distributions, safe_name, safe_version,
+    to_filename, Requirement, DEVELOP_DIST, EGG_DIST, parse_version,
+)
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+from fnmatch import translate
+from setuptools.wheel import Wheel
+from setuptools.extern.more_itertools import unique_everseen
+
+
+EGG_FRAGMENT = re.compile(r'^egg=([-A-Za-z0-9_.+!]+)$')
+HREF = re.compile(r"""href\s*=\s*['"]?([^'"> ]+)""", re.I)
+PYPI_MD5 = re.compile(
+    r'<a href="([^"#]+)">([^<]+)</a>\n\s+\(<a (?:title="MD5 hash"\n\s+)'
+    r'href="[^?]+\?:action=show_md5&amp;digest=([0-9a-f]{32})">md5</a>\)'
+)
+URL_SCHEME = re.compile('([-+.a-z0-9]{2,}):', re.I).match
+EXTENSIONS = ".tar.gz .tar.bz2 .tar .zip .tgz".split()
+
+__all__ = [
+    'PackageIndex', 'distros_for_url', 'parse_bdist_wininst',
+    'interpret_distro_name',
+]
+
+_SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 15
+
+_tmpl = "setuptools/{setuptools.__version__} Python-urllib/{py_major}"
+user_agent = _tmpl.format(
+    py_major='{}.{}'.format(*sys.version_info), setuptools=setuptools)
+
+
+def parse_requirement_arg(spec):
+    try:
+        return Requirement.parse(spec)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        raise DistutilsError(
+            "Not a URL, existing file, or requirement spec: %r" % (spec,)
+        ) from e
+
+
+def parse_bdist_wininst(name):
+    """Return (base,pyversion) or (None,None) for possible .exe name"""
+
+    lower = name.lower()
+    base, py_ver, plat = None, None, None
+
+    if lower.endswith('.exe'):
+        if lower.endswith('.win32.exe'):
+            base = name[:-10]
+            plat = 'win32'
+        elif lower.startswith('.win32-py', -16):
+            py_ver = name[-7:-4]
+            base = name[:-16]
+            plat = 'win32'
+        elif lower.endswith('.win-amd64.exe'):
+            base = name[:-14]
+            plat = 'win-amd64'
+        elif lower.startswith('.win-amd64-py', -20):
+            py_ver = name[-7:-4]
+            base = name[:-20]
+            plat = 'win-amd64'
+    return base, py_ver, plat
+
+
+def egg_info_for_url(url):
+    parts = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    scheme, server, path, parameters, query, fragment = parts
+    base = urllib.parse.unquote(path.split('/')[-1])
+    if server == 'sourceforge.net' and base == 'download':  # XXX Yuck
+        base = urllib.parse.unquote(path.split('/')[-2])
+    if '#' in base:
+        base, fragment = base.split('#', 1)
+    return base, fragment
+
+
+def distros_for_url(url, metadata=None):
+    """Yield egg or source distribution objects that might be found at a URL"""
+    base, fragment = egg_info_for_url(url)
+    for dist in distros_for_location(url, base, metadata):
+        yield dist
+    if fragment:
+        match = EGG_FRAGMENT.match(fragment)
+        if match:
+            for dist in interpret_distro_name(
+                url, match.group(1), metadata, precedence=CHECKOUT_DIST
+            ):
+                yield dist
+
+
+def distros_for_location(location, basename, metadata=None):
+    """Yield egg or source distribution objects based on basename"""
+    if basename.endswith('.egg.zip'):
+        basename = basename[:-4]  # strip the .zip
+    if basename.endswith('.egg') and '-' in basename:
+        # only one, unambiguous interpretation
+        return [Distribution.from_location(location, basename, metadata)]
+    if basename.endswith('.whl') and '-' in basename:
+        wheel = Wheel(basename)
+        if not wheel.is_compatible():
+            return []
+        return [Distribution(
+            location=location,
+            project_name=wheel.project_name,
+            version=wheel.version,
+            # Increase priority over eggs.
+            precedence=EGG_DIST + 1,
+        )]
+    if basename.endswith('.exe'):
+        win_base, py_ver, platform = parse_bdist_wininst(basename)
+        if win_base is not None:
+            return interpret_distro_name(
+                location, win_base, metadata, py_ver, BINARY_DIST, platform
+            )
+    # Try source distro extensions (.zip, .tgz, etc.)
+    #
+    for ext in EXTENSIONS:
+        if basename.endswith(ext):
+            basename = basename[:-len(ext)]
+            return interpret_distro_name(location, basename, metadata)
+    return []  # no extension matched
+
+
+def distros_for_filename(filename, metadata=None):
+    """Yield possible egg or source distribution objects based on a filename"""
+    return distros_for_location(
+        normalize_path(filename), os.path.basename(filename), metadata
+    )
+
+
+def interpret_distro_name(
+        location, basename, metadata, py_version=None, precedence=SOURCE_DIST,
+        platform=None
+):
+    """Generate alternative interpretations of a source distro name
+
+    Note: if `location` is a filesystem filename, you should call
+    ``pkg_resources.normalize_path()`` on it before passing it to this
+    routine!
+    """
+    # Generate alternative interpretations of a source distro name
+    # Because some packages are ambiguous as to name/versions split
+    # e.g. "adns-python-1.1.0", "egenix-mx-commercial", etc.
+    # So, we generate each possible interpretation (e.g. "adns, python-1.1.0"
+    # "adns-python, 1.1.0", and "adns-python-1.1.0, no version").  In practice,
+    # the spurious interpretations should be ignored, because in the event
+    # there's also an "adns" package, the spurious "python-1.1.0" version will
+    # compare lower than any numeric version number, and is therefore unlikely
+    # to match a request for it.  It's still a potential problem, though, and
+    # in the long run PyPI and the distutils should go for "safe" names and
+    # versions in distribution archive names (sdist and bdist).
+
+    parts = basename.split('-')
+    if not py_version and any(re.match(r'py\d\.\d$', p) for p in parts[2:]):
+        # it is a bdist_dumb, not an sdist -- bail out
+        return
+
+    for p in range(1, len(parts) + 1):
+        yield Distribution(
+            location, metadata, '-'.join(parts[:p]), '-'.join(parts[p:]),
+            py_version=py_version, precedence=precedence,
+            platform=platform
+        )
+
+
+def unique_values(func):
+    """
+    Wrap a function returning an iterable such that the resulting iterable
+    only ever yields unique items.
+    """
+
+    @wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        return unique_everseen(func(*args, **kwargs))
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+REL = re.compile(r"""<([^>]*\srel\s*=\s*['"]?([^'">]+)[^>]*)>""", re.I)
+# this line is here to fix emacs' cruddy broken syntax highlighting
+
+
+@unique_values
+def find_external_links(url, page):
+    """Find rel="homepage" and rel="download" links in `page`, yielding URLs"""
+
+    for match in REL.finditer(page):
+        tag, rel = match.groups()
+        rels = set(map(str.strip, rel.lower().split(',')))
+        if 'homepage' in rels or 'download' in rels:
+            for match in HREF.finditer(tag):
+                yield urllib.parse.urljoin(url, htmldecode(match.group(1)))
+
+    for tag in ("<th>Home Page", "<th>Download URL"):
+        pos = page.find(tag)
+        if pos != -1:
+            match = HREF.search(page, pos)
+            if match:
+                yield urllib.parse.urljoin(url, htmldecode(match.group(1)))
+
+
+class ContentChecker:
+    """
+    A null content checker that defines the interface for checking content
+    """
+
+    def feed(self, block):
+        """
+        Feed a block of data to the hash.
+        """
+        return
+
+    def is_valid(self):
+        """
+        Check the hash. Return False if validation fails.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    def report(self, reporter, template):
+        """
+        Call reporter with information about the checker (hash name)
+        substituted into the template.
+        """
+        return
+
+
+class HashChecker(ContentChecker):
+    pattern = re.compile(
+        r'(?P<hash_name>sha1|sha224|sha384|sha256|sha512|md5)='
+        r'(?P<expected>[a-f0-9]+)'
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, hash_name, expected):
+        self.hash_name = hash_name
+        self.hash = hashlib.new(hash_name)
+        self.expected = expected
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_url(cls, url):
+        "Construct a (possibly null) ContentChecker from a URL"
+        fragment = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)[-1]
+        if not fragment:
+            return ContentChecker()
+        match = cls.pattern.search(fragment)
+        if not match:
+            return ContentChecker()
+        return cls(**match.groupdict())
+
+    def feed(self, block):
+        self.hash.update(block)
+
+    def is_valid(self):
+        return self.hash.hexdigest() == self.expected
+
+    def report(self, reporter, template):
+        msg = template % self.hash_name
+        return reporter(msg)
+
+
+class PackageIndex(Environment):
+    """A distribution index that scans web pages for download URLs"""
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, index_url="https://pypi.org/simple/", hosts=('*',),
+            ca_bundle=None, verify_ssl=True, *args, **kw
+    ):
+        Environment.__init__(self, *args, **kw)
+        self.index_url = index_url + "/" [:not index_url.endswith('/')]
+        self.scanned_urls = {}
+        self.fetched_urls = {}
+        self.package_pages = {}
+        self.allows = re.compile('|'.join(map(translate, hosts))).match
+        self.to_scan = []
+        self.opener = urllib.request.urlopen
+
+    def add(self, dist):
+        # ignore invalid versions
+        try:
+            parse_version(dist.version)
+        except Exception:
+            return
+        return super().add(dist)
+
+    # FIXME: 'PackageIndex.process_url' is too complex (14)
+    def process_url(self, url, retrieve=False):  # noqa: C901
+        """Evaluate a URL as a possible download, and maybe retrieve it"""
+        if url in self.scanned_urls and not retrieve:
+            return
+        self.scanned_urls[url] = True
+        if not URL_SCHEME(url):
+            self.process_filename(url)
+            return
+        else:
+            dists = list(distros_for_url(url))
+            if dists:
+                if not self.url_ok(url):
+                    return
+                self.debug("Found link: %s", url)
+
+        if dists or not retrieve or url in self.fetched_urls:
+            list(map(self.add, dists))
+            return  # don't need the actual page
+
+        if not self.url_ok(url):
+            self.fetched_urls[url] = True
+            return
+
+        self.info("Reading %s", url)
+        self.fetched_urls[url] = True  # prevent multiple fetch attempts
+        tmpl = "Download error on %s: %%s -- Some packages may not be found!"
+        f = self.open_url(url, tmpl % url)
+        if f is None:
+            return
+        if isinstance(f, urllib.error.HTTPError) and f.code == 401:
+            self.info("Authentication error: %s" % f.msg)
+        self.fetched_urls[f.url] = True
+        if 'html' not in f.headers.get('content-type', '').lower():
+            f.close()  # not html, we can't process it
+            return
+
+        base = f.url  # handle redirects
+        page = f.read()
+        if not isinstance(page, str):
+            # In Python 3 and got bytes but want str.
+            if isinstance(f, urllib.error.HTTPError):
+                # Errors have no charset, assume latin1:
+                charset = 'latin-1'
+            else:
+                charset = f.headers.get_param('charset') or 'latin-1'
+            page = page.decode(charset, "ignore")
+        f.close()
+        for match in HREF.finditer(page):
+            link = urllib.parse.urljoin(base, htmldecode(match.group(1)))
+            self.process_url(link)
+        if url.startswith(self.index_url) and getattr(f, 'code', None) != 404:
+            page = self.process_index(url, page)
+
+    def process_filename(self, fn, nested=False):
+        # process filenames or directories
+        if not os.path.exists(fn):
+            self.warn("Not found: %s", fn)
+            return
+
+        if os.path.isdir(fn) and not nested:
+            path = os.path.realpath(fn)
+            for item in os.listdir(path):
+                self.process_filename(os.path.join(path, item), True)
+
+        dists = distros_for_filename(fn)
+        if dists:
+            self.debug("Found: %s", fn)
+            list(map(self.add, dists))
+
+    def url_ok(self, url, fatal=False):
+        s = URL_SCHEME(url)
+        is_file = s and s.group(1).lower() == 'file'
+        if is_file or self.allows(urllib.parse.urlparse(url)[1]):
+            return True
+        msg = (
+            "\nNote: Bypassing %s (disallowed host; see "
+            "http://bit.ly/2hrImnY for details).\n")
+        if fatal:
+            raise DistutilsError(msg % url)
+        else:
+            self.warn(msg, url)
+
+    def scan_egg_links(self, search_path):
+        dirs = filter(os.path.isdir, search_path)
+        egg_links = (
+            (path, entry)
+            for path in dirs
+            for entry in os.listdir(path)
+            if entry.endswith('.egg-link')
+        )
+        list(itertools.starmap(self.scan_egg_link, egg_links))
+
+    def scan_egg_link(self, path, entry):
+        with open(os.path.join(path, entry)) as raw_lines:
+            # filter non-empty lines
+            lines = list(filter(None, map(str.strip, raw_lines)))
+
+        if len(lines) != 2:
+            # format is not recognized; punt
+            return
+
+        egg_path, setup_path = lines
+
+        for dist in find_distributions(os.path.join(path, egg_path)):
+            dist.location = os.path.join(path, *lines)
+            dist.precedence = SOURCE_DIST
+            self.add(dist)
+
+    def _scan(self, link):
+        # Process a URL to see if it's for a package page
+        NO_MATCH_SENTINEL = None, None
+        if not link.startswith(self.index_url):
+            return NO_MATCH_SENTINEL
+
+        parts = list(map(
+            urllib.parse.unquote, link[len(self.index_url):].split('/')
+        ))
+        if len(parts) != 2 or '#' in parts[1]:
+            return NO_MATCH_SENTINEL
+
+        # it's a package page, sanitize and index it
+        pkg = safe_name(parts[0])
+        ver = safe_version(parts[1])
+        self.package_pages.setdefault(pkg.lower(), {})[link] = True
+        return to_filename(pkg), to_filename(ver)
+
+    def process_index(self, url, page):
+        """Process the contents of a PyPI page"""
+
+        # process an index page into the package-page index
+        for match in HREF.finditer(page):
+            try:
+                self._scan(urllib.parse.urljoin(url, htmldecode(match.group(1))))
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+        pkg, ver = self._scan(url)  # ensure this page is in the page index
+        if not pkg:
+            return ""  # no sense double-scanning non-package pages
+
+        # process individual package page
+        for new_url in find_external_links(url, page):
+            # Process the found URL
+            base, frag = egg_info_for_url(new_url)
+            if base.endswith('.py') and not frag:
+                if ver:
+                    new_url += '#egg=%s-%s' % (pkg, ver)
+                else:
+                    self.need_version_info(url)
+            self.scan_url(new_url)
+
+        return PYPI_MD5.sub(
+            lambda m: '<a href="%s#md5=%s">%s</a>' % m.group(1, 3, 2), page
+        )
+
+    def need_version_info(self, url):
+        self.scan_all(
+            "Page at %s links to .py file(s) without version info; an index "
+            "scan is required.", url
+        )
+
+    def scan_all(self, msg=None, *args):
+        if self.index_url not in self.fetched_urls:
+            if msg:
+                self.warn(msg, *args)
+            self.info(
+                "Scanning index of all packages (this may take a while)"
+            )
+        self.scan_url(self.index_url)
+
+    def find_packages(self, requirement):
+        self.scan_url(self.index_url + requirement.unsafe_name + '/')
+
+        if not self.package_pages.get(requirement.key):
+            # Fall back to safe version of the name
+            self.scan_url(self.index_url + requirement.project_name + '/')
+
+        if not self.package_pages.get(requirement.key):
+            # We couldn't find the target package, so search the index page too
+            self.not_found_in_index(requirement)
+
+        for url in list(self.package_pages.get(requirement.key, ())):
+            # scan each page that might be related to the desired package
+            self.scan_url(url)
+
+    def obtain(self, requirement, installer=None):
+        self.prescan()
+        self.find_packages(requirement)
+        for dist in self[requirement.key]:
+            if dist in requirement:
+                return dist
+            self.debug("%s does not match %s", requirement, dist)
+        return super(PackageIndex, self).obtain(requirement, installer)
+
+    def check_hash(self, checker, filename, tfp):
+        """
+        checker is a ContentChecker
+        """
+        checker.report(
+            self.debug,
+            "Validating %%s checksum for %s" % filename)
+        if not checker.is_valid():
+            tfp.close()
+            os.unlink(filename)
+            raise DistutilsError(
+                "%s validation failed for %s; "
+                "possible download problem?"
+                % (checker.hash.name, os.path.basename(filename))
+            )
+
+    def add_find_links(self, urls):
+        """Add `urls` to the list that will be prescanned for searches"""
+        for url in urls:
+            if (
+                self.to_scan is None  # if we have already "gone online"
+                or not URL_SCHEME(url)  # or it's a local file/directory
+                or url.startswith('file:')
+                or list(distros_for_url(url))  # or a direct package link
+            ):
+                # then go ahead and process it now
+                self.scan_url(url)
+            else:
+                # otherwise, defer retrieval till later
+                self.to_scan.append(url)
+
+    def prescan(self):
+        """Scan urls scheduled for prescanning (e.g. --find-links)"""
+        if self.to_scan:
+            list(map(self.scan_url, self.to_scan))
+        self.to_scan = None  # from now on, go ahead and process immediately
+
+    def not_found_in_index(self, requirement):
+        if self[requirement.key]:  # we've seen at least one distro
+            meth, msg = self.info, "Couldn't retrieve index page for %r"
+        else:  # no distros seen for this name, might be misspelled
+            meth, msg = (
+                self.warn,
+                "Couldn't find index page for %r (maybe misspelled?)")
+        meth(msg, requirement.unsafe_name)
+        self.scan_all()
+
+    def download(self, spec, tmpdir):
+        """Locate and/or download `spec` to `tmpdir`, returning a local path
+
+        `spec` may be a ``Requirement`` object, or a string containing a URL,
+        an existing local filename, or a project/version requirement spec
+        (i.e. the string form of a ``Requirement`` object).  If it is the URL
+        of a .py file with an unambiguous ``#egg=name-version`` tag (i.e., one
+        that escapes ``-`` as ``_`` throughout), a trivial ``setup.py`` is
+        automatically created alongside the downloaded file.
+
+        If `spec` is a ``Requirement`` object or a string containing a
+        project/version requirement spec, this method returns the location of
+        a matching distribution (possibly after downloading it to `tmpdir`).
+        If `spec` is a locally existing file or directory name, it is simply
+        returned unchanged.  If `spec` is a URL, it is downloaded to a subpath
+        of `tmpdir`, and the local filename is returned.  Various errors may be
+        raised if a problem occurs during downloading.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(spec, Requirement):
+            scheme = URL_SCHEME(spec)
+            if scheme:
+                # It's a url, download it to tmpdir
+                found = self._download_url(scheme.group(1), spec, tmpdir)
+                base, fragment = egg_info_for_url(spec)
+                if base.endswith('.py'):
+                    found = self.gen_setup(found, fragment, tmpdir)
+                return found
+            elif os.path.exists(spec):
+                # Existing file or directory, just return it
+                return spec
+            else:
+                spec = parse_requirement_arg(spec)
+        return getattr(self.fetch_distribution(spec, tmpdir), 'location', None)
+
+    def fetch_distribution(  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (14)  # FIXME
+            self, requirement, tmpdir, force_scan=False, source=False,
+            develop_ok=False, local_index=None):
+        """Obtain a distribution suitable for fulfilling `requirement`
+
+        `requirement` must be a ``pkg_resources.Requirement`` instance.
+        If necessary, or if the `force_scan` flag is set, the requirement is
+        searched for in the (online) package index as well as the locally
+        installed packages.  If a distribution matching `requirement` is found,
+        the returned distribution's ``location`` is the value you would have
+        gotten from calling the ``download()`` method with the matching
+        distribution's URL or filename.  If no matching distribution is found,
+        ``None`` is returned.
+
+        If the `source` flag is set, only source distributions and source
+        checkout links will be considered.  Unless the `develop_ok` flag is
+        set, development and system eggs (i.e., those using the ``.egg-info``
+        format) will be ignored.
+        """
+        # process a Requirement
+        self.info("Searching for %s", requirement)
+        skipped = {}
+        dist = None
+
+        def find(req, env=None):
+            if env is None:
+                env = self
+            # Find a matching distribution; may be called more than once
+
+            for dist in env[req.key]:
+
+                if dist.precedence == DEVELOP_DIST and not develop_ok:
+                    if dist not in skipped:
+                        self.warn(
+                            "Skipping development or system egg: %s", dist,
+                        )
+                        skipped[dist] = 1
+                    continue
+
+                test = (
+                    dist in req
+                    and (dist.precedence <= SOURCE_DIST or not source)
+                )
+                if test:
+                    loc = self.download(dist.location, tmpdir)
+                    dist.download_location = loc
+                    if os.path.exists(dist.download_location):
+                        return dist
+
+        if force_scan:
+            self.prescan()
+            self.find_packages(requirement)
+            dist = find(requirement)
+
+        if not dist and local_index is not None:
+            dist = find(requirement, local_index)
+
+        if dist is None:
+            if self.to_scan is not None:
+                self.prescan()
+            dist = find(requirement)
+
+        if dist is None and not force_scan:
+            self.find_packages(requirement)
+            dist = find(requirement)
+
+        if dist is None:
+            self.warn(
+                "No local packages or working download links found for %s%s",
+                (source and "a source distribution of " or ""),
+                requirement,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.info("Best match: %s", dist)
+            return dist.clone(location=dist.download_location)
+
+    def fetch(self, requirement, tmpdir, force_scan=False, source=False):
+        """Obtain a file suitable for fulfilling `requirement`
+
+        DEPRECATED; use the ``fetch_distribution()`` method now instead.  For
+        backward compatibility, this routine is identical but returns the
+        ``location`` of the downloaded distribution instead of a distribution
+        object.
+        """
+        dist = self.fetch_distribution(requirement, tmpdir, force_scan, source)
+        if dist is not None:
+            return dist.location
+        return None
+
+    def gen_setup(self, filename, fragment, tmpdir):
+        match = EGG_FRAGMENT.match(fragment)
+        dists = match and [
+            d for d in
+            interpret_distro_name(filename, match.group(1), None) if d.version
+        ] or []
+
+        if len(dists) == 1:  # unambiguous ``#egg`` fragment
+            basename = os.path.basename(filename)
+
+            # Make sure the file has been downloaded to the temp dir.
+            if os.path.dirname(filename) != tmpdir:
+                dst = os.path.join(tmpdir, basename)
+                from setuptools.command.easy_install import samefile
+                if not samefile(filename, dst):
+                    shutil.copy2(filename, dst)
+                    filename = dst
+
+            with open(os.path.join(tmpdir, 'setup.py'), 'w') as file:
+                file.write(
+                    "from setuptools import setup\n"
+                    "setup(name=%r, version=%r, py_modules=[%r])\n"
+                    % (
+                        dists[0].project_name, dists[0].version,
+                        os.path.splitext(basename)[0]
+                    )
+                )
+            return filename
+
+        elif match:
+            raise DistutilsError(
+                "Can't unambiguously interpret project/version identifier %r; "
+                "any dashes in the name or version should be escaped using "
+                "underscores. %r" % (fragment, dists)
+            )
+        else:
+            raise DistutilsError(
+                "Can't process plain .py files without an '#egg=name-version'"
+                " suffix to enable automatic setup script generation."
+            )
+
+    dl_blocksize = 8192
+
+    def _download_to(self, url, filename):
+        self.info("Downloading %s", url)
+        # Download the file
+        fp = None
+        try:
+            checker = HashChecker.from_url(url)
+            fp = self.open_url(url)
+            if isinstance(fp, urllib.error.HTTPError):
+                raise DistutilsError(
+                    "Can't download %s: %s %s" % (url, fp.code, fp.msg)
+                )
+            headers = fp.info()
+            blocknum = 0
+            bs = self.dl_blocksize
+            size = -1
+            if "content-length" in headers:
+                # Some servers return multiple Content-Length headers :(
+                sizes = headers.get_all('Content-Length')
+                size = max(map(int, sizes))
+                self.reporthook(url, filename, blocknum, bs, size)
+            with open(filename, 'wb') as tfp:
+                while True:
+                    block = fp.read(bs)
+                    if block:
+                        checker.feed(block)
+                        tfp.write(block)
+                        blocknum += 1
+                        self.reporthook(url, filename, blocknum, bs, size)
+                    else:
+                        break
+                self.check_hash(checker, filename, tfp)
+            return headers
+        finally:
+            if fp:
+                fp.close()
+
+    def reporthook(self, url, filename, blocknum, blksize, size):
+        pass  # no-op
+
+    # FIXME:
+    def open_url(self, url, warning=None):  # noqa: C901  # is too complex (12)
+        if url.startswith('file:'):
+            return local_open(url)
+        try:
+            return open_with_auth(url, self.opener)
+        except (ValueError, http.client.InvalidURL) as v:
+            msg = ' '.join([str(arg) for arg in v.args])
+            if warning:
+                self.warn(warning, msg)
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsError('%s %s' % (url, msg)) from v
+        except urllib.error.HTTPError as v:
+            return v
+        except urllib.error.URLError as v:
+            if warning:
+                self.warn(warning, v.reason)
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsError("Download error for %s: %s"
+                                     % (url, v.reason)) from v
+        except http.client.BadStatusLine as v:
+            if warning:
+                self.warn(warning, v.line)
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsError(
+                    '%s returned a bad status line. The server might be '
+                    'down, %s' %
+                    (url, v.line)
+                ) from v
+        except (http.client.HTTPException, socket.error) as v:
+            if warning:
+                self.warn(warning, v)
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsError("Download error for %s: %s"
+                                     % (url, v)) from v
+
+    def _download_url(self, scheme, url, tmpdir):
+        # Determine download filename
+        #
+        name, fragment = egg_info_for_url(url)
+        if name:
+            while '..' in name:
+                name = name.replace('..', '.').replace('\\', '_')
+        else:
+            name = "__downloaded__"  # default if URL has no path contents
+
+        if name.endswith('.egg.zip'):
+            name = name[:-4]  # strip the extra .zip before download
+
+        filename = os.path.join(tmpdir, name)
+
+        # Download the file
+        #
+        if scheme == 'svn' or scheme.startswith('svn+'):
+            return self._download_svn(url, filename)
+        elif scheme == 'git' or scheme.startswith('git+'):
+            return self._download_git(url, filename)
+        elif scheme.startswith('hg+'):
+            return self._download_hg(url, filename)
+        elif scheme == 'file':
+            return urllib.request.url2pathname(urllib.parse.urlparse(url)[2])
+        else:
+            self.url_ok(url, True)  # raises error if not allowed
+            return self._attempt_download(url, filename)
+
+    def scan_url(self, url):
+        self.process_url(url, True)
+
+    def _attempt_download(self, url, filename):
+        headers = self._download_to(url, filename)
+        if 'html' in headers.get('content-type', '').lower():
+            return self._download_html(url, headers, filename)
+        else:
+            return filename
+
+    def _download_html(self, url, headers, filename):
+        file = open(filename)
+        for line in file:
+            if line.strip():
+                # Check for a subversion index page
+                if re.search(r'<title>([^- ]+ - )?Revision \d+:', line):
+                    # it's a subversion index page:
+                    file.close()
+                    os.unlink(filename)
+                    return self._download_svn(url, filename)
+                break  # not an index page
+        file.close()
+        os.unlink(filename)
+        raise DistutilsError("Unexpected HTML page found at " + url)
+
+    def _download_svn(self, url, filename):
+        warnings.warn("SVN download support is deprecated", UserWarning)
+        url = url.split('#', 1)[0]  # remove any fragment for svn's sake
+        creds = ''
+        if url.lower().startswith('svn:') and '@' in url:
+            scheme, netloc, path, p, q, f = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+            if not netloc and path.startswith('//') and '/' in path[2:]:
+                netloc, path = path[2:].split('/', 1)
+                auth, host = _splituser(netloc)
+                if auth:
+                    if ':' in auth:
+                        user, pw = auth.split(':', 1)
+                        creds = " --username=%s --password=%s" % (user, pw)
+                    else:
+                        creds = " --username=" + auth
+                    netloc = host
+                    parts = scheme, netloc, url, p, q, f
+                    url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(parts)
+        self.info("Doing subversion checkout from %s to %s", url, filename)
+        os.system("svn checkout%s -q %s %s" % (creds, url, filename))
+        return filename
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _vcs_split_rev_from_url(url, pop_prefix=False):
+        scheme, netloc, path, query, frag = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
+
+        scheme = scheme.split('+', 1)[-1]
+
+        # Some fragment identification fails
+        path = path.split('#', 1)[0]
+
+        rev = None
+        if '@' in path:
+            path, rev = path.rsplit('@', 1)
+
+        # Also, discard fragment
+        url = urllib.parse.urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, ''))
+
+        return url, rev
+
+    def _download_git(self, url, filename):
+        filename = filename.split('#', 1)[0]
+        url, rev = self._vcs_split_rev_from_url(url, pop_prefix=True)
+
+        self.info("Doing git clone from %s to %s", url, filename)
+        os.system("git clone --quiet %s %s" % (url, filename))
+
+        if rev is not None:
+            self.info("Checking out %s", rev)
+            os.system("git -C %s checkout --quiet %s" % (
+                filename,
+                rev,
+            ))
+
+        return filename
+
+    def _download_hg(self, url, filename):
+        filename = filename.split('#', 1)[0]
+        url, rev = self._vcs_split_rev_from_url(url, pop_prefix=True)
+
+        self.info("Doing hg clone from %s to %s", url, filename)
+        os.system("hg clone --quiet %s %s" % (url, filename))
+
+        if rev is not None:
+            self.info("Updating to %s", rev)
+            os.system("hg --cwd %s up -C -r %s -q" % (
+                filename,
+                rev,
+            ))
+
+        return filename
+
+    def debug(self, msg, *args):
+        log.debug(msg, *args)
+
+    def info(self, msg, *args):
+        log.info(msg, *args)
+
+    def warn(self, msg, *args):
+        log.warn(msg, *args)
+
+
+# This pattern matches a character entity reference (a decimal numeric
+# references, a hexadecimal numeric reference, or a named reference).
+entity_sub = re.compile(r'&(#(\d+|x[\da-fA-F]+)|[\w.:-]+);?').sub
+
+
+def decode_entity(match):
+    what = match.group(0)
+    return html.unescape(what)
+
+
+def htmldecode(text):
+    """
+    Decode HTML entities in the given text.
+
+    >>> htmldecode(
+    ...     'https://../package_name-0.1.2.tar.gz'
+    ...     '?tokena=A&amp;tokenb=B">package_name-0.1.2.tar.gz')
+    'https://../package_name-0.1.2.tar.gz?tokena=A&tokenb=B">package_name-0.1.2.tar.gz'
+    """
+    return entity_sub(decode_entity, text)
+
+
+def socket_timeout(timeout=15):
+    def _socket_timeout(func):
+        def _socket_timeout(*args, **kwargs):
+            old_timeout = socket.getdefaulttimeout()
+            socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)
+            try:
+                return func(*args, **kwargs)
+            finally:
+                socket.setdefaulttimeout(old_timeout)
+
+        return _socket_timeout
+
+    return _socket_timeout
+
+
+def _encode_auth(auth):
+    """
+    Encode auth from a URL suitable for an HTTP header.
+    >>> str(_encode_auth('username%3Apassword'))
+    'dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ='
+
+    Long auth strings should not cause a newline to be inserted.
+    >>> long_auth = 'username:' + 'password'*10
+    >>> chr(10) in str(_encode_auth(long_auth))
+    False
+    """
+    auth_s = urllib.parse.unquote(auth)
+    # convert to bytes
+    auth_bytes = auth_s.encode()
+    encoded_bytes = base64.b64encode(auth_bytes)
+    # convert back to a string
+    encoded = encoded_bytes.decode()
+    # strip the trailing carriage return
+    return encoded.replace('\n', '')
+
+
+class Credential:
+    """
+    A username/password pair. Use like a namedtuple.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, username, password):
+        self.username = username
+        self.password = password
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        yield self.username
+        yield self.password
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '%(username)s:%(password)s' % vars(self)
+
+
+class PyPIConfig(configparser.RawConfigParser):
+    def __init__(self):
+        """
+        Load from ~/.pypirc
+        """
+        defaults = dict.fromkeys(['username', 'password', 'repository'], '')
+        configparser.RawConfigParser.__init__(self, defaults)
+
+        rc = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), '.pypirc')
+        if os.path.exists(rc):
+            self.read(rc)
+
+    @property
+    def creds_by_repository(self):
+        sections_with_repositories = [
+            section for section in self.sections()
+            if self.get(section, 'repository').strip()
+        ]
+
+        return dict(map(self._get_repo_cred, sections_with_repositories))
+
+    def _get_repo_cred(self, section):
+        repo = self.get(section, 'repository').strip()
+        return repo, Credential(
+            self.get(section, 'username').strip(),
+            self.get(section, 'password').strip(),
+        )
+
+    def find_credential(self, url):
+        """
+        If the URL indicated appears to be a repository defined in this
+        config, return the credential for that repository.
+        """
+        for repository, cred in self.creds_by_repository.items():
+            if url.startswith(repository):
+                return cred
+
+
+def open_with_auth(url, opener=urllib.request.urlopen):
+    """Open a urllib2 request, handling HTTP authentication"""
+
+    parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    scheme, netloc, path, params, query, frag = parsed
+
+    # Double scheme does not raise on macOS as revealed by a
+    # failing test. We would expect "nonnumeric port". Refs #20.
+    if netloc.endswith(':'):
+        raise http.client.InvalidURL("nonnumeric port: ''")
+
+    if scheme in ('http', 'https'):
+        auth, address = _splituser(netloc)
+    else:
+        auth = None
+
+    if not auth:
+        cred = PyPIConfig().find_credential(url)
+        if cred:
+            auth = str(cred)
+            info = cred.username, url
+            log.info('Authenticating as %s for %s (from .pypirc)', *info)
+
+    if auth:
+        auth = "Basic " + _encode_auth(auth)
+        parts = scheme, address, path, params, query, frag
+        new_url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(parts)
+        request = urllib.request.Request(new_url)
+        request.add_header("Authorization", auth)
+    else:
+        request = urllib.request.Request(url)
+
+    request.add_header('User-Agent', user_agent)
+    fp = opener(request)
+
+    if auth:
+        # Put authentication info back into request URL if same host,
+        # so that links found on the page will work
+        s2, h2, path2, param2, query2, frag2 = urllib.parse.urlparse(fp.url)
+        if s2 == scheme and h2 == address:
+            parts = s2, netloc, path2, param2, query2, frag2
+            fp.url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(parts)
+
+    return fp
+
+
+# copy of urllib.parse._splituser from Python 3.8
+def _splituser(host):
+    """splituser('user[:passwd]@host[:port]')
+    --> 'user[:passwd]', 'host[:port]'."""
+    user, delim, host = host.rpartition('@')
+    return (user if delim else None), host
+
+
+# adding a timeout to avoid freezing package_index
+open_with_auth = socket_timeout(_SOCKET_TIMEOUT)(open_with_auth)
+
+
+def fix_sf_url(url):
+    return url  # backward compatibility
+
+
+def local_open(url):
+    """Read a local path, with special support for directories"""
+    scheme, server, path, param, query, frag = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    filename = urllib.request.url2pathname(path)
+    if os.path.isfile(filename):
+        return urllib.request.urlopen(url)
+    elif path.endswith('/') and os.path.isdir(filename):
+        files = []
+        for f in os.listdir(filename):
+            filepath = os.path.join(filename, f)
+            if f == 'index.html':
+                with open(filepath, 'r') as fp:
+                    body = fp.read()
+                break
+            elif os.path.isdir(filepath):
+                f += '/'
+            files.append('<a href="{name}">{name}</a>'.format(name=f))
+        else:
+            tmpl = (
+                "<html><head><title>{url}</title>"
+                "</head><body>{files}</body></html>")
+            body = tmpl.format(url=url, files='\n'.join(files))
+        status, message = 200, "OK"
+    else:
+        status, message, body = 404, "Path not found", "Not found"
+
+    headers = {'content-type': 'text/html'}
+    body_stream = io.StringIO(body)
+    return urllib.error.HTTPError(url, status, message, headers, body_stream)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/py34compat.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/py34compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ad9172
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/py34compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import importlib
+
+try:
+    import importlib.util
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    module_from_spec = importlib.util.module_from_spec
+except AttributeError:
+    def module_from_spec(spec):
+        return spec.loader.load_module(spec.name)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..034fc80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py
@@ -0,0 +1,530 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import operator
+import functools
+import itertools
+import re
+import contextlib
+import pickle
+import textwrap
+import builtins
+
+import pkg_resources
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+from pkg_resources import working_set
+
+if sys.platform.startswith('java'):
+    import org.python.modules.posix.PosixModule as _os
+else:
+    _os = sys.modules[os.name]
+try:
+    _file = file
+except NameError:
+    _file = None
+_open = open
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AbstractSandbox",
+    "DirectorySandbox",
+    "SandboxViolation",
+    "run_setup",
+]
+
+
+def _execfile(filename, globals, locals=None):
+    """
+    Python 3 implementation of execfile.
+    """
+    mode = 'rb'
+    with open(filename, mode) as stream:
+        script = stream.read()
+    if locals is None:
+        locals = globals
+    code = compile(script, filename, 'exec')
+    exec(code, globals, locals)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def save_argv(repl=None):
+    saved = sys.argv[:]
+    if repl is not None:
+        sys.argv[:] = repl
+    try:
+        yield saved
+    finally:
+        sys.argv[:] = saved
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def save_path():
+    saved = sys.path[:]
+    try:
+        yield saved
+    finally:
+        sys.path[:] = saved
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def override_temp(replacement):
+    """
+    Monkey-patch tempfile.tempdir with replacement, ensuring it exists
+    """
+    os.makedirs(replacement, exist_ok=True)
+
+    saved = tempfile.tempdir
+
+    tempfile.tempdir = replacement
+
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        tempfile.tempdir = saved
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def pushd(target):
+    saved = os.getcwd()
+    os.chdir(target)
+    try:
+        yield saved
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(saved)
+
+
+class UnpickleableException(Exception):
+    """
+    An exception representing another Exception that could not be pickled.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def dump(type, exc):
+        """
+        Always return a dumped (pickled) type and exc. If exc can't be pickled,
+        wrap it in UnpickleableException first.
+        """
+        try:
+            return pickle.dumps(type), pickle.dumps(exc)
+        except Exception:
+            # get UnpickleableException inside the sandbox
+            from setuptools.sandbox import UnpickleableException as cls
+
+            return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
+
+
+class ExceptionSaver:
+    """
+    A Context Manager that will save an exception, serialized, and restore it
+    later.
+    """
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, type, exc, tb):
+        if not exc:
+            return
+
+        # dump the exception
+        self._saved = UnpickleableException.dump(type, exc)
+        self._tb = tb
+
+        # suppress the exception
+        return True
+
+    def resume(self):
+        "restore and re-raise any exception"
+
+        if '_saved' not in vars(self):
+            return
+
+        type, exc = map(pickle.loads, self._saved)
+        raise exc.with_traceback(self._tb)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def save_modules():
+    """
+    Context in which imported modules are saved.
+
+    Translates exceptions internal to the context into the equivalent exception
+    outside the context.
+    """
+    saved = sys.modules.copy()
+    with ExceptionSaver() as saved_exc:
+        yield saved
+
+    sys.modules.update(saved)
+    # remove any modules imported since
+    del_modules = (
+        mod_name
+        for mod_name in sys.modules
+        if mod_name not in saved
+        # exclude any encodings modules. See #285
+        and not mod_name.startswith('encodings.')
+    )
+    _clear_modules(del_modules)
+
+    saved_exc.resume()
+
+
+def _clear_modules(module_names):
+    for mod_name in list(module_names):
+        del sys.modules[mod_name]
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def save_pkg_resources_state():
+    saved = pkg_resources.__getstate__()
+    try:
+        yield saved
+    finally:
+        pkg_resources.__setstate__(saved)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def setup_context(setup_dir):
+    temp_dir = os.path.join(setup_dir, 'temp')
+    with save_pkg_resources_state():
+        with save_modules():
+            with save_path():
+                hide_setuptools()
+                with save_argv():
+                    with override_temp(temp_dir):
+                        with pushd(setup_dir):
+                            # ensure setuptools commands are available
+                            __import__('setuptools')
+                            yield
+
+
+_MODULES_TO_HIDE = {
+    'setuptools',
+    'distutils',
+    'pkg_resources',
+    'Cython',
+    '_distutils_hack',
+}
+
+
+def _needs_hiding(mod_name):
+    """
+    >>> _needs_hiding('setuptools')
+    True
+    >>> _needs_hiding('pkg_resources')
+    True
+    >>> _needs_hiding('setuptools_plugin')
+    False
+    >>> _needs_hiding('setuptools.__init__')
+    True
+    >>> _needs_hiding('distutils')
+    True
+    >>> _needs_hiding('os')
+    False
+    >>> _needs_hiding('Cython')
+    True
+    """
+    base_module = mod_name.split('.', 1)[0]
+    return base_module in _MODULES_TO_HIDE
+
+
+def hide_setuptools():
+    """
+    Remove references to setuptools' modules from sys.modules to allow the
+    invocation to import the most appropriate setuptools. This technique is
+    necessary to avoid issues such as #315 where setuptools upgrading itself
+    would fail to find a function declared in the metadata.
+    """
+    _distutils_hack = sys.modules.get('_distutils_hack', None)
+    if _distutils_hack is not None:
+        _distutils_hack.remove_shim()
+
+    modules = filter(_needs_hiding, sys.modules)
+    _clear_modules(modules)
+
+
+def run_setup(setup_script, args):
+    """Run a distutils setup script, sandboxed in its directory"""
+    setup_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(setup_script))
+    with setup_context(setup_dir):
+        try:
+            sys.argv[:] = [setup_script] + list(args)
+            sys.path.insert(0, setup_dir)
+            # reset to include setup dir, w/clean callback list
+            working_set.__init__()
+            working_set.callbacks.append(lambda dist: dist.activate())
+
+            with DirectorySandbox(setup_dir):
+                ns = dict(__file__=setup_script, __name__='__main__')
+                _execfile(setup_script, ns)
+        except SystemExit as v:
+            if v.args and v.args[0]:
+                raise
+            # Normal exit, just return
+
+
+class AbstractSandbox:
+    """Wrap 'os' module and 'open()' builtin for virtualizing setup scripts"""
+
+    _active = False
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._attrs = [
+            name
+            for name in dir(_os)
+            if not name.startswith('_') and hasattr(self, name)
+        ]
+
+    def _copy(self, source):
+        for name in self._attrs:
+            setattr(os, name, getattr(source, name))
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self._copy(self)
+        if _file:
+            builtins.file = self._file
+        builtins.open = self._open
+        self._active = True
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+        self._active = False
+        if _file:
+            builtins.file = _file
+        builtins.open = _open
+        self._copy(_os)
+
+    def run(self, func):
+        """Run 'func' under os sandboxing"""
+        with self:
+            return func()
+
+    def _mk_dual_path_wrapper(name):
+        original = getattr(_os, name)
+
+        def wrap(self, src, dst, *args, **kw):
+            if self._active:
+                src, dst = self._remap_pair(name, src, dst, *args, **kw)
+            return original(src, dst, *args, **kw)
+
+        return wrap
+
+    for name in ["rename", "link", "symlink"]:
+        if hasattr(_os, name):
+            locals()[name] = _mk_dual_path_wrapper(name)
+
+    def _mk_single_path_wrapper(name, original=None):
+        original = original or getattr(_os, name)
+
+        def wrap(self, path, *args, **kw):
+            if self._active:
+                path = self._remap_input(name, path, *args, **kw)
+            return original(path, *args, **kw)
+
+        return wrap
+
+    if _file:
+        _file = _mk_single_path_wrapper('file', _file)
+    _open = _mk_single_path_wrapper('open', _open)
+    for name in [
+        "stat",
+        "listdir",
+        "chdir",
+        "open",
+        "chmod",
+        "chown",
+        "mkdir",
+        "remove",
+        "unlink",
+        "rmdir",
+        "utime",
+        "lchown",
+        "chroot",
+        "lstat",
+        "startfile",
+        "mkfifo",
+        "mknod",
+        "pathconf",
+        "access",
+    ]:
+        if hasattr(_os, name):
+            locals()[name] = _mk_single_path_wrapper(name)
+
+    def _mk_single_with_return(name):
+        original = getattr(_os, name)
+
+        def wrap(self, path, *args, **kw):
+            if self._active:
+                path = self._remap_input(name, path, *args, **kw)
+                return self._remap_output(name, original(path, *args, **kw))
+            return original(path, *args, **kw)
+
+        return wrap
+
+    for name in ['readlink', 'tempnam']:
+        if hasattr(_os, name):
+            locals()[name] = _mk_single_with_return(name)
+
+    def _mk_query(name):
+        original = getattr(_os, name)
+
+        def wrap(self, *args, **kw):
+            retval = original(*args, **kw)
+            if self._active:
+                return self._remap_output(name, retval)
+            return retval
+
+        return wrap
+
+    for name in ['getcwd', 'tmpnam']:
+        if hasattr(_os, name):
+            locals()[name] = _mk_query(name)
+
+    def _validate_path(self, path):
+        """Called to remap or validate any path, whether input or output"""
+        return path
+
+    def _remap_input(self, operation, path, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for path inputs"""
+        return self._validate_path(path)
+
+    def _remap_output(self, operation, path):
+        """Called for path outputs"""
+        return self._validate_path(path)
+
+    def _remap_pair(self, operation, src, dst, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for path pairs like rename, link, and symlink operations"""
+        return (
+            self._remap_input(operation + '-from', src, *args, **kw),
+            self._remap_input(operation + '-to', dst, *args, **kw),
+        )
+
+
+if hasattr(os, 'devnull'):
+    _EXCEPTIONS = [os.devnull]
+else:
+    _EXCEPTIONS = []
+
+
+class DirectorySandbox(AbstractSandbox):
+    """Restrict operations to a single subdirectory - pseudo-chroot"""
+
+    write_ops = dict.fromkeys(
+        [
+            "open",
+            "chmod",
+            "chown",
+            "mkdir",
+            "remove",
+            "unlink",
+            "rmdir",
+            "utime",
+            "lchown",
+            "chroot",
+            "mkfifo",
+            "mknod",
+            "tempnam",
+        ]
+    )
+
+    _exception_patterns = []
+    "exempt writing to paths that match the pattern"
+
+    def __init__(self, sandbox, exceptions=_EXCEPTIONS):
+        self._sandbox = os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(sandbox))
+        self._prefix = os.path.join(self._sandbox, '')
+        self._exceptions = [
+            os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(path)) for path in exceptions
+        ]
+        AbstractSandbox.__init__(self)
+
+    def _violation(self, operation, *args, **kw):
+        from setuptools.sandbox import SandboxViolation
+
+        raise SandboxViolation(operation, args, kw)
+
+    if _file:
+
+        def _file(self, path, mode='r', *args, **kw):
+            if mode not in ('r', 'rt', 'rb', 'rU', 'U') and not self._ok(path):
+                self._violation("file", path, mode, *args, **kw)
+            return _file(path, mode, *args, **kw)
+
+    def _open(self, path, mode='r', *args, **kw):
+        if mode not in ('r', 'rt', 'rb', 'rU', 'U') and not self._ok(path):
+            self._violation("open", path, mode, *args, **kw)
+        return _open(path, mode, *args, **kw)
+
+    def tmpnam(self):
+        self._violation("tmpnam")
+
+    def _ok(self, path):
+        active = self._active
+        try:
+            self._active = False
+            realpath = os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(path))
+            return (
+                self._exempted(realpath)
+                or realpath == self._sandbox
+                or realpath.startswith(self._prefix)
+            )
+        finally:
+            self._active = active
+
+    def _exempted(self, filepath):
+        start_matches = (
+            filepath.startswith(exception) for exception in self._exceptions
+        )
+        pattern_matches = (
+            re.match(pattern, filepath) for pattern in self._exception_patterns
+        )
+        candidates = itertools.chain(start_matches, pattern_matches)
+        return any(candidates)
+
+    def _remap_input(self, operation, path, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for path inputs"""
+        if operation in self.write_ops and not self._ok(path):
+            self._violation(operation, os.path.realpath(path), *args, **kw)
+        return path
+
+    def _remap_pair(self, operation, src, dst, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for path pairs like rename, link, and symlink operations"""
+        if not self._ok(src) or not self._ok(dst):
+            self._violation(operation, src, dst, *args, **kw)
+        return (src, dst)
+
+    def open(self, file, flags, mode=0o777, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for low-level os.open()"""
+        if flags & WRITE_FLAGS and not self._ok(file):
+            self._violation("os.open", file, flags, mode, *args, **kw)
+        return _os.open(file, flags, mode, *args, **kw)
+
+
+WRITE_FLAGS = functools.reduce(
+    operator.or_,
+    [
+        getattr(_os, a, 0)
+        for a in "O_WRONLY O_RDWR O_APPEND O_CREAT O_TRUNC O_TEMPORARY".split()
+    ],
+)
+
+
+class SandboxViolation(DistutilsError):
+    """A setup script attempted to modify the filesystem outside the sandbox"""
+
+    tmpl = textwrap.dedent(
+        """
+        SandboxViolation: {cmd}{args!r} {kwargs}
+
+        The package setup script has attempted to modify files on your system
+        that are not within the EasyInstall build area, and has been aborted.
+
+        This package cannot be safely installed by EasyInstall, and may not
+        support alternate installation locations even if you run its setup
+        script by hand.  Please inform the package's author and the EasyInstall
+        maintainers to find out if a fix or workaround is available.
+        """
+    ).lstrip()
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        cmd, args, kwargs = self.args
+        return self.tmpl.format(**locals())
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/script (dev).tmpl b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/script (dev).tmpl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39a24b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/script (dev).tmpl	
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# EASY-INSTALL-DEV-SCRIPT: %(spec)r,%(script_name)r
+__requires__ = %(spec)r
+__import__('pkg_resources').require(%(spec)r)
+__file__ = %(dev_path)r
+with open(__file__) as f:
+    exec(compile(f.read(), __file__, 'exec'))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/script.tmpl b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/script.tmpl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff5efbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/script.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# EASY-INSTALL-SCRIPT: %(spec)r,%(script_name)r
+__requires__ = %(spec)r
+__import__('pkg_resources').run_script(%(spec)r, %(script_name)r)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/tests/integration/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/tests/integration/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/tests/integration/helpers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/tests/integration/helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43f4390
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/tests/integration/helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+"""Reusable functions and classes for different types of integration tests.
+
+For example ``Archive`` can be used to check the contents of distribution built
+with setuptools, and ``run`` will always try to be as verbose as possible to
+facilitate debugging.
+"""
+import os
+import subprocess
+import tarfile
+from zipfile import ZipFile
+
+
+def run(cmd, env=None):
+    r = subprocess.run(
+        cmd,
+        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+        universal_newlines=True,
+        env={**os.environ, **(env or {})}
+        # ^-- allow overwriting instead of discarding the current env
+    )
+
+    out = r.stdout + "\n" + r.stderr
+    # pytest omits stdout/err by default, if the test fails they help debugging
+    print("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
+    print(f"Command: {cmd}\nreturn code: {r.returncode}\n\n{out}")
+
+    if r.returncode == 0:
+        return out
+    raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(r.returncode, cmd, r.stdout, r.stderr)
+
+
+class Archive:
+    """Compatibility layer for ZipFile/Info and TarFile/Info"""
+    def __init__(self, filename):
+        self._filename = filename
+        if filename.endswith("tar.gz"):
+            self._obj = tarfile.open(filename, "r:gz")
+        elif filename.endswith("zip"):
+            self._obj = ZipFile(filename)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"{filename} doesn't seem to be a zip or tar.gz")
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if hasattr(self._obj, "infolist"):
+            return iter(self._obj.infolist())
+        return iter(self._obj)
+
+    def get_name(self, zip_or_tar_info):
+        if hasattr(zip_or_tar_info, "filename"):
+            return zip_or_tar_info.filename
+        return zip_or_tar_info.name
+
+    def get_content(self, zip_or_tar_info):
+        if hasattr(self._obj, "extractfile"):
+            content = self._obj.extractfile(zip_or_tar_info)
+            if content is None:
+                msg = f"Invalid {zip_or_tar_info.name} in {self._filename}"
+                raise ValueError(msg)
+            return str(content.read(), "utf-8")
+        return str(self._obj.read(zip_or_tar_info), "utf-8")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/tests/integration/test_pip_install_sdist.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/tests/integration/test_pip_install_sdist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86cc423
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/tests/integration/test_pip_install_sdist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+"""Integration tests for setuptools that focus on building packages via pip.
+
+The idea behind these tests is not to exhaustively check all the possible
+combinations of packages, operating systems, supporting libraries, etc, but
+rather check a limited number of popular packages and how they interact with
+the exposed public API. This way if any change in API is introduced, we hope to
+identify backward compatibility problems before publishing a release.
+
+The number of tested packages is purposefully kept small, to minimise duration
+and the associated maintenance cost (changes in the way these packages define
+their build process may require changes in the tests).
+"""
+import json
+import os
+import shutil
+import sys
+from enum import Enum
+from glob import glob
+from hashlib import md5
+from urllib.request import urlopen
+
+import pytest
+from packaging.requirements import Requirement
+
+from .helpers import Archive, run
+
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+LATEST, = list(Enum("v", "LATEST"))
+"""Default version to be checked"""
+# There are positive and negative aspects of checking the latest version of the
+# packages.
+# The main positive aspect is that the latest version might have already
+# removed the use of APIs deprecated in previous releases of setuptools.
+
+
+# Packages to be tested:
+# (Please notice the test environment cannot support EVERY library required for
+# compiling binary extensions. In Ubuntu/Debian nomenclature, we only assume
+# that `build-essential`, `gfortran` and `libopenblas-dev` are installed,
+# due to their relevance to the numerical/scientific programming ecosystem)
+EXAMPLES = [
+    ("pandas", LATEST),  # cython + custom build_ext
+    ("sphinx", LATEST),  # custom setup.py
+    ("pip", LATEST),  # just in case...
+    ("pytest", LATEST),  # uses setuptools_scm
+    ("mypy", LATEST),  # custom build_py + ext_modules
+
+    # --- Popular packages: https://hugovk.github.io/top-pypi-packages/ ---
+    ("botocore", LATEST),
+    ("kiwisolver", "1.3.2"),  # build_ext, version pinned due to setup_requires
+    ("brotli", LATEST),  # not in the list but used by urllib3
+
+    # When adding packages to this list, make sure they expose a `__version__`
+    # attribute, or modify the tests bellow
+]
+
+
+# Some packages have "optional" dependencies that modify their build behaviour
+# and are not listed in pyproject.toml, others still use `setup_requires`
+EXTRA_BUILD_DEPS = {
+    "sphinx": ("babel>=1.3",),
+    "kiwisolver": ("cppy>=1.1.0",)
+}
+
+
+VIRTUALENV = (sys.executable, "-m", "virtualenv")
+
+
+# By default, pip will try to build packages in isolation (PEP 517), which
+# means it will download the previous stable version of setuptools.
+# `pip` flags can avoid that (the version of setuptools under test
+# should be the one to be used)
+SDIST_OPTIONS = (
+    "--ignore-installed",
+    "--no-build-isolation",
+    # We don't need "--no-binary :all:" since we specify the path to the sdist.
+    # It also helps with performance, since dependencies can come from wheels.
+)
+# The downside of `--no-build-isolation` is that pip will not download build
+# dependencies. The test script will have to also handle that.
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def venv_python(tmp_path):
+    run([*VIRTUALENV, str(tmp_path / ".venv")])
+    possible_path = (str(p.parent) for p in tmp_path.glob(".venv/*/python*"))
+    return shutil.which("python", path=os.pathsep.join(possible_path))
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _prepare(tmp_path, venv_python, monkeypatch, request):
+    download_path = os.getenv("DOWNLOAD_PATH", str(tmp_path))
+    os.makedirs(download_path, exist_ok=True)
+
+    # Environment vars used for building some of the packages
+    monkeypatch.setenv("USE_MYPYC", "1")
+
+    def _debug_info():
+        # Let's provide the maximum amount of information possible in the case
+        # it is necessary to debug the tests directly from the CI logs.
+        print("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
+        print("Temporary directory:")
+        map(print, tmp_path.glob("*"))
+        print("Virtual environment:")
+        run([venv_python, "-m", "pip", "freeze"])
+    request.addfinalizer(_debug_info)
+
+
+ALREADY_LOADED = ("pytest", "mypy")  # loaded by pytest/pytest-enabler
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('package, version', EXAMPLES)
+def test_install_sdist(package, version, tmp_path, venv_python, setuptools_wheel):
+    venv_pip = (venv_python, "-m", "pip")
+    sdist = retrieve_sdist(package, version, tmp_path)
+    deps = build_deps(package, sdist)
+    if deps:
+        print("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
+        print("Dependencies:", deps)
+        run([*venv_pip, "install", *deps])
+
+    # Use a virtualenv to simulate PEP 517 isolation
+    # but install fresh setuptools wheel to ensure the version under development
+    run([*venv_pip, "install", "-I", setuptools_wheel])
+    run([*venv_pip, "install", *SDIST_OPTIONS, sdist])
+
+    # Execute a simple script to make sure the package was installed correctly
+    script = f"import {package}; print(getattr({package}, '__version__', 0))"
+    run([venv_python, "-c", script])
+
+
+# ---- Helper Functions ----
+
+
+def retrieve_sdist(package, version, tmp_path):
+    """Either use cached sdist file or download it from PyPI"""
+    # `pip download` cannot be used due to
+    # https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1884
+    # https://discuss.python.org/t/pep-625-file-name-of-a-source-distribution/4686
+    # We have to find the correct distribution file and download it
+    download_path = os.getenv("DOWNLOAD_PATH", str(tmp_path))
+    dist = retrieve_pypi_sdist_metadata(package, version)
+
+    # Remove old files to prevent cache to grow indefinitely
+    for file in glob(os.path.join(download_path, f"{package}*")):
+        if dist["filename"] != file:
+            os.unlink(file)
+
+    dist_file = os.path.join(download_path, dist["filename"])
+    if not os.path.exists(dist_file):
+        download(dist["url"], dist_file, dist["md5_digest"])
+    return dist_file
+
+
+def retrieve_pypi_sdist_metadata(package, version):
+    # https://warehouse.pypa.io/api-reference/json.html
+    id_ = package if version is LATEST else f"{package}/{version}"
+    with urlopen(f"https://pypi.org/pypi/{id_}/json") as f:
+        metadata = json.load(f)
+
+    if metadata["info"]["yanked"]:
+        raise ValueError(f"Release for {package} {version} was yanked")
+
+    version = metadata["info"]["version"]
+    release = metadata["releases"][version]
+    dists = [d for d in release if d["packagetype"] == "sdist"]
+    if len(dists) == 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"No sdist found for {package} {version}")
+
+    for dist in dists:
+        if dist["filename"].endswith(".tar.gz"):
+            return dist
+
+    # Not all packages are publishing tar.gz
+    return dist
+
+
+def download(url, dest, md5_digest):
+    with urlopen(url) as f:
+        data = f.read()
+
+    assert md5(data).hexdigest() == md5_digest
+
+    with open(dest, "wb") as f:
+        f.write(data)
+
+    assert os.path.exists(dest)
+
+
+def build_deps(package, sdist_file):
+    """Find out what are the build dependencies for a package.
+
+    We need to "manually" install them, since pip will not install build
+    deps with `--no-build-isolation`.
+    """
+    import tomli as toml
+
+    # delay importing, since pytest discovery phase may hit this file from a
+    # testenv without tomli
+
+    archive = Archive(sdist_file)
+    pyproject = _read_pyproject(archive)
+
+    info = toml.loads(pyproject)
+    deps = info.get("build-system", {}).get("requires", [])
+    deps += EXTRA_BUILD_DEPS.get(package, [])
+    # Remove setuptools from requirements (and deduplicate)
+    requirements = {Requirement(d).name: d for d in deps}
+    return [v for k, v in requirements.items() if k != "setuptools"]
+
+
+def _read_pyproject(archive):
+    for member in archive:
+        if os.path.basename(archive.get_name(member)) == "pyproject.toml":
+            return archive.get_content(member)
+    return ""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/unicode_utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/unicode_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e84e65e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/unicode_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import unicodedata
+import sys
+
+
+# HFS Plus uses decomposed UTF-8
+def decompose(path):
+    if isinstance(path, str):
+        return unicodedata.normalize('NFD', path)
+    try:
+        path = path.decode('utf-8')
+        path = unicodedata.normalize('NFD', path)
+        path = path.encode('utf-8')
+    except UnicodeError:
+        pass  # Not UTF-8
+    return path
+
+
+def filesys_decode(path):
+    """
+    Ensure that the given path is decoded,
+    NONE when no expected encoding works
+    """
+
+    if isinstance(path, str):
+        return path
+
+    fs_enc = sys.getfilesystemencoding() or 'utf-8'
+    candidates = fs_enc, 'utf-8'
+
+    for enc in candidates:
+        try:
+            return path.decode(enc)
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            continue
+
+
+def try_encode(string, enc):
+    "turn unicode encoding into a functional routine"
+    try:
+        return string.encode(enc)
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        return None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95e1869
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import pkg_resources
+
+try:
+    __version__ = pkg_resources.get_distribution('setuptools').version
+except Exception:
+    __version__ = 'unknown'
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/wheel.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9819e8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+"""Wheels support."""
+
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+from distutils import log
+import email
+import itertools
+import os
+import posixpath
+import re
+import zipfile
+
+import pkg_resources
+import setuptools
+from pkg_resources import parse_version
+from setuptools.extern.packaging.tags import sys_tags
+from setuptools.extern.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from setuptools.command.egg_info import write_requirements
+
+
+WHEEL_NAME = re.compile(
+    r"""^(?P<project_name>.+?)-(?P<version>\d.*?)
+    ((-(?P<build>\d.*?))?-(?P<py_version>.+?)-(?P<abi>.+?)-(?P<platform>.+?)
+    )\.whl$""",
+    re.VERBOSE).match
+
+NAMESPACE_PACKAGE_INIT = \
+    "__import__('pkg_resources').declare_namespace(__name__)\n"
+
+
+def unpack(src_dir, dst_dir):
+    '''Move everything under `src_dir` to `dst_dir`, and delete the former.'''
+    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(src_dir):
+        subdir = os.path.relpath(dirpath, src_dir)
+        for f in filenames:
+            src = os.path.join(dirpath, f)
+            dst = os.path.join(dst_dir, subdir, f)
+            os.renames(src, dst)
+        for n, d in reversed(list(enumerate(dirnames))):
+            src = os.path.join(dirpath, d)
+            dst = os.path.join(dst_dir, subdir, d)
+            if not os.path.exists(dst):
+                # Directory does not exist in destination,
+                # rename it and prune it from os.walk list.
+                os.renames(src, dst)
+                del dirnames[n]
+    # Cleanup.
+    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(src_dir, topdown=True):
+        assert not filenames
+        os.rmdir(dirpath)
+
+
+class Wheel:
+
+    def __init__(self, filename):
+        match = WHEEL_NAME(os.path.basename(filename))
+        if match is None:
+            raise ValueError('invalid wheel name: %r' % filename)
+        self.filename = filename
+        for k, v in match.groupdict().items():
+            setattr(self, k, v)
+
+    def tags(self):
+        '''List tags (py_version, abi, platform) supported by this wheel.'''
+        return itertools.product(
+            self.py_version.split('.'),
+            self.abi.split('.'),
+            self.platform.split('.'),
+        )
+
+    def is_compatible(self):
+        '''Is the wheel is compatible with the current platform?'''
+        supported_tags = set(
+            (t.interpreter, t.abi, t.platform) for t in sys_tags())
+        return next((True for t in self.tags() if t in supported_tags), False)
+
+    def egg_name(self):
+        return pkg_resources.Distribution(
+            project_name=self.project_name, version=self.version,
+            platform=(None if self.platform == 'any' else get_platform()),
+        ).egg_name() + '.egg'
+
+    def get_dist_info(self, zf):
+        # find the correct name of the .dist-info dir in the wheel file
+        for member in zf.namelist():
+            dirname = posixpath.dirname(member)
+            if (dirname.endswith('.dist-info') and
+                    canonicalize_name(dirname).startswith(
+                        canonicalize_name(self.project_name))):
+                return dirname
+        raise ValueError("unsupported wheel format. .dist-info not found")
+
+    def install_as_egg(self, destination_eggdir):
+        '''Install wheel as an egg directory.'''
+        with zipfile.ZipFile(self.filename) as zf:
+            self._install_as_egg(destination_eggdir, zf)
+
+    def _install_as_egg(self, destination_eggdir, zf):
+        dist_basename = '%s-%s' % (self.project_name, self.version)
+        dist_info = self.get_dist_info(zf)
+        dist_data = '%s.data' % dist_basename
+        egg_info = os.path.join(destination_eggdir, 'EGG-INFO')
+
+        self._convert_metadata(zf, destination_eggdir, dist_info, egg_info)
+        self._move_data_entries(destination_eggdir, dist_data)
+        self._fix_namespace_packages(egg_info, destination_eggdir)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _convert_metadata(zf, destination_eggdir, dist_info, egg_info):
+        def get_metadata(name):
+            with zf.open(posixpath.join(dist_info, name)) as fp:
+                value = fp.read().decode('utf-8')
+                return email.parser.Parser().parsestr(value)
+
+        wheel_metadata = get_metadata('WHEEL')
+        # Check wheel format version is supported.
+        wheel_version = parse_version(wheel_metadata.get('Wheel-Version'))
+        wheel_v1 = (
+            parse_version('1.0') <= wheel_version < parse_version('2.0dev0')
+        )
+        if not wheel_v1:
+            raise ValueError(
+                'unsupported wheel format version: %s' % wheel_version)
+        # Extract to target directory.
+        os.mkdir(destination_eggdir)
+        zf.extractall(destination_eggdir)
+        # Convert metadata.
+        dist_info = os.path.join(destination_eggdir, dist_info)
+        dist = pkg_resources.Distribution.from_location(
+            destination_eggdir, dist_info,
+            metadata=pkg_resources.PathMetadata(destination_eggdir, dist_info),
+        )
+
+        # Note: Evaluate and strip markers now,
+        # as it's difficult to convert back from the syntax:
+        # foobar; "linux" in sys_platform and extra == 'test'
+        def raw_req(req):
+            req.marker = None
+            return str(req)
+        install_requires = list(map(raw_req, dist.requires()))
+        extras_require = {
+            extra: [
+                req
+                for req in map(raw_req, dist.requires((extra,)))
+                if req not in install_requires
+            ]
+            for extra in dist.extras
+        }
+        os.rename(dist_info, egg_info)
+        os.rename(
+            os.path.join(egg_info, 'METADATA'),
+            os.path.join(egg_info, 'PKG-INFO'),
+        )
+        setup_dist = setuptools.Distribution(
+            attrs=dict(
+                install_requires=install_requires,
+                extras_require=extras_require,
+            ),
+        )
+        # Temporarily disable info traces.
+        log_threshold = log._global_log.threshold
+        log.set_threshold(log.WARN)
+        try:
+            write_requirements(
+                setup_dist.get_command_obj('egg_info'),
+                None,
+                os.path.join(egg_info, 'requires.txt'),
+            )
+        finally:
+            log.set_threshold(log_threshold)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _move_data_entries(destination_eggdir, dist_data):
+        """Move data entries to their correct location."""
+        dist_data = os.path.join(destination_eggdir, dist_data)
+        dist_data_scripts = os.path.join(dist_data, 'scripts')
+        if os.path.exists(dist_data_scripts):
+            egg_info_scripts = os.path.join(
+                destination_eggdir, 'EGG-INFO', 'scripts')
+            os.mkdir(egg_info_scripts)
+            for entry in os.listdir(dist_data_scripts):
+                # Remove bytecode, as it's not properly handled
+                # during easy_install scripts install phase.
+                if entry.endswith('.pyc'):
+                    os.unlink(os.path.join(dist_data_scripts, entry))
+                else:
+                    os.rename(
+                        os.path.join(dist_data_scripts, entry),
+                        os.path.join(egg_info_scripts, entry),
+                    )
+            os.rmdir(dist_data_scripts)
+        for subdir in filter(os.path.exists, (
+            os.path.join(dist_data, d)
+            for d in ('data', 'headers', 'purelib', 'platlib')
+        )):
+            unpack(subdir, destination_eggdir)
+        if os.path.exists(dist_data):
+            os.rmdir(dist_data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _fix_namespace_packages(egg_info, destination_eggdir):
+        namespace_packages = os.path.join(
+            egg_info, 'namespace_packages.txt')
+        if os.path.exists(namespace_packages):
+            with open(namespace_packages) as fp:
+                namespace_packages = fp.read().split()
+            for mod in namespace_packages:
+                mod_dir = os.path.join(destination_eggdir, *mod.split('.'))
+                mod_init = os.path.join(mod_dir, '__init__.py')
+                if not os.path.exists(mod_dir):
+                    os.mkdir(mod_dir)
+                if not os.path.exists(mod_init):
+                    with open(mod_init, 'w') as fp:
+                        fp.write(NAMESPACE_PACKAGE_INIT)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/windows_support.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/windows_support.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb977cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/windows_support.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import platform
+import ctypes
+
+
+def windows_only(func):
+    if platform.system() != 'Windows':
+        return lambda *args, **kwargs: None
+    return func
+
+
+@windows_only
+def hide_file(path):
+    """
+    Set the hidden attribute on a file or directory.
+
+    From http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19622133/
+
+    `path` must be text.
+    """
+    __import__('ctypes.wintypes')
+    SetFileAttributes = ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetFileAttributesW
+    SetFileAttributes.argtypes = ctypes.wintypes.LPWSTR, ctypes.wintypes.DWORD
+    SetFileAttributes.restype = ctypes.wintypes.BOOL
+
+    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN = 0x02
+
+    ret = SetFileAttributes(path, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN)
+    if not ret:
+        raise ctypes.WinError()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51f3442
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+This software is made available under the terms of *either* of the
+licenses found in LICENSE.APACHE2 or LICENSE.MIT. Contributions to are
+made under the terms of *both* these licenses.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE.APACHE2 b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE.APACHE2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d645695
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE.APACHE2
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
+
+      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+      exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+      source, and configuration files.
+
+      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+      and conversions to other media types.
+
+      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+      separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
+      the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
+
+      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
+      submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
+      or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
+      the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
+      means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
+      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
+      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
+      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
+      Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
+      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
+      designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
+
+      "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
+      on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
+      subsequently incorporated within the Work.
+
+   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
+      publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
+      Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
+
+   3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
+      use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work,
+      where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
+      by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
+      Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
+      with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You
+      institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
+      cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
+      or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
+      or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
+      granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
+      as of the date such litigation is filed.
+
+   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
+      Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
+      modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
+      meet the following conditions:
+
+      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
+      (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
+          stating that You changed the files; and
+
+      (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
+          that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
+          attribution notices from the Source form of the Work,
+          excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of
+          the Derivative Works; and
+
+      (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
+          distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must
+          include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
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+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE.MIT b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE.MIT
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8bb971
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE.MIT
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e60193
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: sniffio
+Version: 1.2.0
+Summary: Sniff out which async library your code is running under
+Home-page: https://github.com/python-trio/sniffio
+Author: Nathaniel J. Smith
+Author-email: njs@pobox.com
+License: MIT -or- Apache License 2.0
+Keywords: async,trio,asyncio
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License
+Classifier: Framework :: Trio
+Classifier: Framework :: AsyncIO
+Classifier: Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux
+Classifier: Operating System :: MacOS :: MacOS X
+Classifier: Operating System :: Microsoft :: Windows
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Requires-Python: >=3.5
+Requires-Dist: contextvars (>=2.1) ; python_version < '3.7'
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/chat-join%20now-blue.svg
+   :target: https://gitter.im/python-trio/general
+   :alt: Join chatroom
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-read%20now-blue.svg
+   :target: https://sniffio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
+   :alt: Documentation Status
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/sniffio.svg
+   :target: https://pypi.org/project/sniffio
+   :alt: Latest PyPi version
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/conda/vn/conda-forge/sniffio.svg
+   :target: https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/sniffio 
+   :alt: Latest conda-forge version   
+
+.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/python-trio/sniffio.svg?branch=master
+   :target: https://travis-ci.org/python-trio/sniffio
+   :alt: Automated test status
+
+.. image:: https://codecov.io/gh/python-trio/sniffio/branch/master/graph/badge.svg
+   :target: https://codecov.io/gh/python-trio/sniffio
+   :alt: Test coverage
+
+=================================================================
+sniffio: Sniff out which async library your code is running under
+=================================================================
+
+You're writing a library. You've decided to be ambitious, and support
+multiple async I/O packages, like `Trio
+<https://trio.readthedocs.io>`__, and `asyncio
+<https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio.html>`__, and ... You've
+written a bunch of clever code to handle all the differences. But...
+how do you know *which* piece of clever code to run?
+
+This is a tiny package whose only purpose is to let you detect which
+async library your code is running under.
+
+* Documentation: https://sniffio.readthedocs.io
+
+* Bug tracker and source code: https://github.com/python-trio/sniffio
+
+* License: MIT or Apache License 2.0, your choice
+
+* Contributor guide: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contributing.html
+
+* Code of conduct: Contributors are requested to follow our `code of
+  conduct
+  <https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/code-of-conduct.html>`_
+  in all project spaces.
+
+This library is maintained by the Trio project, as a service to the
+async Python community as a whole.
+
+
+Quickstart
+----------
+
+.. code-block:: python3
+
+   from sniffio import current_async_library
+   import trio
+   import asyncio
+
+   async def print_library():
+       library = current_async_library()
+       print("This is:", library)
+
+   # Prints "This is trio"
+   trio.run(print_library)
+
+   # Prints "This is asyncio"
+   asyncio.run(print_library())
+
+For more details, including how to add support to new async libraries,
+`please peruse our fine manual <https://sniffio.readthedocs.io>`__.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4efc99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=ZSyHhIjRRWNh4Iw_hgf9e6WYkqFBA9Fczk_5PIW1zIs,185
+sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE.APACHE2,sha256=z8d0m5b2O9McPEK1xHG_dWgUBT6EfBDz6wA0F7xSPTA,11358
+sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE.MIT,sha256=Pm2uVV65J4f8gtHUg1Vnf0VMf2Wus40_nnK_mj2vA0s,1046
+sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=1feG2RpWgvrsxlrHGBdQWr2qz_J9T2dNk9gHwBniB4o,3597
+sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=EVRjI69F5qVjm_YgqcTXPnTAv3BfSUr0WVAHuSP3Xoo,92
+sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=v9UJXGs5CyddCVeAqXkQiWOrpp6Wtx6GeRrPt9-jjHg,8
+sniffio/__init__.py,sha256=OVpJIlvGte9qZSi0tbZNiIF6cxVlNIkQY09sNw80m6Y,292
+sniffio/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+sniffio/__pycache__/_impl.cpython-39.pyc,,
+sniffio/__pycache__/_version.cpython-39.pyc,,
+sniffio/_impl.py,sha256=gtPkeGhus65ffGiTtv1w3qaMrfJI04ubcVMrWMW2_5Q,2721
+sniffio/_tests/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+sniffio/_tests/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-39.pyc,,
+sniffio/_tests/__pycache__/test_sniffio.cpython-39.pyc,,
+sniffio/_tests/test_sniffio.py,sha256=yTv4bRyHH0ay5RpqWtdbzHFD6BV02xlBax61en_-OR8,1648
+sniffio/_version.py,sha256=codhqWKYFbR_gKABvhb2_aWOKwuRo4YQlLcENJOvFkQ,89
+sniffio/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83ff02e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.35.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01c6502
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio-1.2.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+sniffio
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddbd53a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+"""Top-level package for sniffio."""
+
+__all__ = [
+    "current_async_library", "AsyncLibraryNotFoundError",
+    "current_async_library_cvar"
+]
+
+from ._version import __version__
+
+from ._impl import (
+    current_async_library,
+    AsyncLibraryNotFoundError,
+    current_async_library_cvar,
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_impl.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_impl.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..240d3a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_impl.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+from contextvars import ContextVar
+from typing import Optional
+import sys
+
+current_async_library_cvar = ContextVar(
+    "current_async_library_cvar", default=None
+)  # type: ContextVar[Optional[str]]
+
+
+class AsyncLibraryNotFoundError(RuntimeError):
+    pass
+
+
+def current_async_library() -> str:
+    """Detect which async library is currently running.
+
+    The following libraries are currently supported:
+
+    ================   ===========  ============================
+    Library             Requires     Magic string
+    ================   ===========  ============================
+    **Trio**            Trio v0.6+   ``"trio"``
+    **Curio**           -            ``"curio"``
+    **asyncio**                      ``"asyncio"``
+    **Trio-asyncio**    v0.8.2+     ``"trio"`` or ``"asyncio"``,
+                                    depending on current mode
+    ================   ===========  ============================
+
+    Returns:
+      A string like ``"trio"``.
+
+    Raises:
+      AsyncLibraryNotFoundError: if called from synchronous context,
+        or if the current async library was not recognized.
+
+    Examples:
+
+        .. code-block:: python3
+
+           from sniffio import current_async_library
+
+           async def generic_sleep(seconds):
+               library = current_async_library()
+               if library == "trio":
+                   import trio
+                   await trio.sleep(seconds)
+               elif library == "asyncio":
+                   import asyncio
+                   await asyncio.sleep(seconds)
+               # ... and so on ...
+               else:
+                   raise RuntimeError(f"Unsupported library {library!r}")
+
+    """
+    value = current_async_library_cvar.get()
+    if value is not None:
+        return value
+
+    # Sniff for curio (for now)
+    if 'curio' in sys.modules:
+        from curio.meta import curio_running
+        if curio_running():
+            return 'curio'
+
+    # Need to sniff for asyncio
+    if "asyncio" in sys.modules:
+        import asyncio
+        try:
+            current_task = asyncio.current_task  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        except AttributeError:
+            current_task = asyncio.Task.current_task  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        try:
+            if current_task() is not None:
+                if (3, 7) <= sys.version_info:
+                    # asyncio has contextvars support, and we're in a task, so
+                    # we can safely cache the sniffed value
+                    current_async_library_cvar.set("asyncio")
+                return "asyncio"
+        except RuntimeError:
+            pass
+    raise AsyncLibraryNotFoundError(
+        "unknown async library, or not in async context"
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_tests/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_tests/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_tests/test_sniffio.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_tests/test_sniffio.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a19d13c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_tests/test_sniffio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import sys
+
+import pytest
+
+from .. import (
+    current_async_library, AsyncLibraryNotFoundError,
+    current_async_library_cvar
+)
+
+
+def test_basics():
+    with pytest.raises(AsyncLibraryNotFoundError):
+        current_async_library()
+
+    token = current_async_library_cvar.set("generic-lib")
+    try:
+        assert current_async_library() == "generic-lib"
+    finally:
+        current_async_library_cvar.reset(token)
+
+    with pytest.raises(AsyncLibraryNotFoundError):
+        current_async_library()
+
+
+def test_asyncio():
+    import asyncio
+
+    with pytest.raises(AsyncLibraryNotFoundError):
+        current_async_library()
+
+    ran = []
+
+    async def this_is_asyncio():
+        assert current_async_library() == "asyncio"
+        # Call it a second time to exercise the caching logic
+        assert current_async_library() == "asyncio"
+        ran.append(True)
+
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    loop.run_until_complete(this_is_asyncio())
+    assert ran == [True]
+    loop.close()
+
+    with pytest.raises(AsyncLibraryNotFoundError):
+        current_async_library()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 6), reason='Curio requires 3.6+')
+def test_curio():
+    import curio
+
+    with pytest.raises(AsyncLibraryNotFoundError):
+        current_async_library()
+
+    ran = []
+
+    async def this_is_curio():
+        assert current_async_library() == "curio"
+        # Call it a second time to exercise the caching logic
+        assert current_async_library() == "curio"
+        ran.append(True)
+
+    curio.run(this_is_curio)
+    assert ran == [True]
+
+    with pytest.raises(AsyncLibraryNotFoundError):
+        current_async_library()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c4b119
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# This file is imported from __init__.py and exec'd from setup.py
+
+__version__ = "1.2.0"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sniffio/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9f1810
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (C) 2020 Michael Huang
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d3f75f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: solana
+Version: 0.23.0
+Summary: Solana Python API
+Home-page: https://github.com/michaelhly/solanapy
+License: MIT
+Keywords: solana,blockchain,web3
+Author: Michael Huang
+Author-email: michaelhly@gmail.com
+Requires-Python: >=3.7,<4.0
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Natural Language :: English
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Requires-Dist: PyNaCl (>=1.4.0,<2.0.0)
+Requires-Dist: apischema (>=0.16.1,<0.17.0)
+Requires-Dist: based58 (>=0.1.0,<0.2.0)
+Requires-Dist: cachetools (>=4.2.2,<5.0.0)
+Requires-Dist: construct-typing (>=0.5.2,<0.6.0)
+Requires-Dist: httpx (>=0.18.2,<0.19.0)
+Requires-Dist: jsonrpcclient (>=4.0.1,<5.0.0)
+Requires-Dist: jsonrpcserver (>=5.0.4,<6.0.0)
+Requires-Dist: requests (>=2.24,<3.0)
+Requires-Dist: types-cachetools (>=4.2.4,<5.0.0)
+Requires-Dist: typing-extensions (>=3.10.0,<4.0.0)
+Requires-Dist: websockets (>=10.1,<11.0)
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://michaelhly.github.io/solana-py/
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+
+<div align="center">
+    <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/michaelhly/solana-py/master/docs/img/solana-py-logo.jpeg" width="25%" height="25%">
+</div>
+
+---
+
+[![Actions
+Status](https://github.com/michaelhly/solanapy/workflows/CI/badge.svg)](https://github.com/michaelhly/solanapy/actions?query=workflow%3ACI)
+[![PyPI version](https://badge.fury.io/py/solana.svg)](https://badge.fury.io/py/solana)
+[![PyPI pyversions](https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/solana)](https://pypi.org/project/solana/)
+[![Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/michaelhly/solana-py/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/michaelhly/solana-py/branch/master)
+[![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://github.com/michaelhly/solana-py/blob/master/LICENSE)
+[![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/psf/black)
+
+# Solana.py
+
+**🐍 The Solana Python SDK 🐍**
+
+Solana.py is the base Python library for interacting with Solana.
+You can use it to build transactions and interact
+with the
+[Solana JSON RPC API](https://docs.solana.com/apps/jsonrpc-api),
+much like you would do with
+[solana-web3.js](https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-web3.js/)
+
+It also covers the
+[SPL Token Program](https://spl.solana.com/token).
+
+[Latest Documentation](https://michaelhly.github.io/solana-py/).
+
+**⚓︎ See also: [AnchorPy](https://github.com/kevinheavey/anchorpy),**
+**a Python client for**
+**[Anchor](https://project-serum.github.io/anchor/getting-started/introduction.html)-based**
+**programs on Solana. ⚓︎**
+
+## ⚡ Quickstart
+
+### Installation
+
+```sh
+pip install solana
+```
+
+### General Usage
+
+Note: check out the
+[Solana Cookbook](https://solanacookbook.com/)
+for more detailed examples!
+
+```py
+import solana
+```
+
+### API Client
+
+```py
+from solana.rpc.api import Client
+
+http_client = Client("https://api.devnet.solana.com")
+```
+
+### Async API Client
+
+```py
+import asyncio
+from solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClient
+
+async def main():
+    async with AsyncClient("https://api.devnet.solana.com") as client:
+        res = await client.is_connected()
+    print(res)  # True
+
+    # Alternatively, close the client explicitly instead of using a context manager:
+    client = AsyncClient("https://api.devnet.solana.com")
+    res = await client.is_connected()
+    print(res)  # True
+    await client.close()
+
+asyncio.run(main())
+```
+
+### Websockets Client
+
+```py
+import asyncio
+from asyncstdlib import enumerate
+from solana.rpc.websocket_api import connect
+
+async def main():
+    async with connect("ws://api.devnet.solana.com") as websocket:
+        await websocket.logs_subscribe()
+        first_resp = await websocket.recv()
+        subscription_id = first_resp.result
+        next_resp = await websocket.recv()
+        print(next_resp)
+        await websocket.logs_unsubscribe(subscription_id)
+
+    # Alternatively, use the client as an infinite asynchronous iterator:
+    async with connect("ws://api.devnet.solana.com") as websocket:
+        await websocket.logs_subscribe()
+        first_resp = await websocket.recv()
+        subscription_id = first_resp.result
+        async for idx, msg in enumerate(websocket):
+            if idx == 3:
+                break
+            print(msg)
+        await websocket.logs_unsubscribe(subscription_id)
+
+asyncio.run(main())
+```
+
+## 🔨 Development
+
+### Setup
+
+1. Install [poetry](https://python-poetry.org/docs/#installation)
+2. Install dev dependencies:
+
+```sh
+poetry install
+
+```
+
+3. Activate the poetry shell.
+
+```sh
+poetry shell
+```
+
+### Lint
+
+```sh
+make lint
+```
+
+### Tests
+
+```sh
+# All tests
+make tests
+# Unit tests only
+make unit-tests
+# Integration tests only
+make int-tests
+```
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/RECORD
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/REQUESTED b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/REQUESTED
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3764652
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana-0.23.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: poetry 1.0.7
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..807d6d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# pylint: disable=line-too-long,missing-module-docstring # noqa: D104,E501
+import sys
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+    raise EnvironmentError("Python 3.7 or above is required.")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/account.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/account.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41e2e39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/account.py
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""Byte layouts for account data."""
+from enum import IntEnum
+
+from construct import Int32ul, Pass, Switch  # type: ignore
+from construct import Struct as cStruct
+
+from .shared import FEE_CALCULATOR_LAYOUT, HASH_LAYOUT, PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT
+
+
+class StateType(IntEnum):
+    """State type for nonce accounts."""
+
+    UNINITIALIZED = 0
+    INITIALIZED = 1
+
+
+class VersionsType(IntEnum):
+    """Versions type for nonce accounts."""
+
+    CURRENT = 0
+
+
+_DATA_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "authority" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "blockhash" / HASH_LAYOUT,
+    "fee_calculator" / FEE_CALCULATOR_LAYOUT,
+)
+
+
+_STATE_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "state_type" / Int32ul,
+    "data"
+    / Switch(
+        lambda this: this.state_type,
+        {
+            StateType.UNINITIALIZED: Pass,
+            StateType.INITIALIZED: _DATA_LAYOUT,
+        },
+    ),
+)
+
+
+VERSIONS_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "versions_type" / Int32ul, "state" / Switch(lambda this: this.versions_type, {VersionsType.CURRENT: _STATE_LAYOUT})
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/shared.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/shared.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f17b0e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/shared.py
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+"""Shared layouts."""
+from construct import Bytes, Int32ul, Int64ul, PaddedString, Padding  # type: ignore
+from construct import Struct as cStruct
+
+FEE_CALCULATOR_LAYOUT = cStruct("lamports_per_signature" / Int64ul)
+
+HASH_LAYOUT = Bytes(32)
+
+PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT = Bytes(32)
+
+RUST_STRING_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "length" / Int32ul,
+    Padding(4),
+    "chars" / PaddedString(lambda this: this.length, "utf-8"),
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/system_instructions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/system_instructions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8b2abb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/system_instructions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+"""Byte layouts for system program instructions."""
+from enum import IntEnum
+
+from construct import Switch  # type: ignore
+from construct import Int32ul, Int64ul, Pass  # type: ignore
+from construct import Struct as cStruct
+
+from .shared import PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT, RUST_STRING_LAYOUT
+
+
+class InstructionType(IntEnum):
+    """Instruction types for system program."""
+
+    CREATE_ACCOUNT = 0
+    ASSIGN = 1
+    TRANSFER = 2
+    CREATE_ACCOUNT_WITH_SEED = 3
+    ADVANCE_NONCE_ACCOUNT = 4
+    WITHDRAW_NONCE_ACCOUNT = 5
+    INITIALIZE_NONCE_ACCOUNT = 6
+    AUTHORIZE_NONCE_ACCOUNT = 7
+    ALLOCATE = 8
+    ALLOCATE_WITH_SEED = 9
+    ASSIGN_WITH_SEED = 10
+    TRANSFER_WITH_SEED = 11
+
+
+_CREATE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "lamports" / Int64ul,
+    "space" / Int64ul,
+    "program_id" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+)
+
+_ASSIGN_LAYOUT = cStruct("program_id" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT)
+
+_TRANFER_LAYOUT = cStruct("lamports" / Int64ul)
+
+_CREATE_ACCOUNT_WTIH_SEED_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "base" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "seed" / RUST_STRING_LAYOUT,
+    "lamports" / Int64ul,
+    "space" / Int64ul,
+    "program_id" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+)
+
+_WITHDRAW_NONCE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT = cStruct("lamports" / Int64ul)
+
+_INITIALIZE_NONCE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT = cStruct("authorized" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT)
+
+_AUTHORIZE_NONCE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT = cStruct("authorized" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT)
+
+_ALLOCATE_LAYOUT = cStruct("space" / Int64ul)
+
+_ALLOCATE_WITH_SEED_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "base" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT, "seed" / RUST_STRING_LAYOUT, "space" / Int64ul, "program_id" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT
+)
+
+_ASSIGN_WITH_SEED_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "base" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT, "seed" / RUST_STRING_LAYOUT, "program_id" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT
+)
+
+_TRANSFER_WITH_SEED_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "lamports" / Int64ul,
+    "from_seed" / RUST_STRING_LAYOUT,
+    "from_owner" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+)
+
+SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "instruction_type" / Int32ul,
+    "args"
+    / Switch(
+        lambda this: this.instruction_type,
+        {
+            InstructionType.CREATE_ACCOUNT: _CREATE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.ASSIGN: _ASSIGN_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.TRANSFER: _TRANFER_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.CREATE_ACCOUNT_WITH_SEED: _CREATE_ACCOUNT_WTIH_SEED_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.ADVANCE_NONCE_ACCOUNT: Pass,  # No args
+            InstructionType.WITHDRAW_NONCE_ACCOUNT: _WITHDRAW_NONCE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.INITIALIZE_NONCE_ACCOUNT: _INITIALIZE_NONCE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.AUTHORIZE_NONCE_ACCOUNT: _AUTHORIZE_NONCE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.ALLOCATE: _ALLOCATE_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.ALLOCATE_WITH_SEED: _ALLOCATE_WITH_SEED_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.ASSIGN_WITH_SEED: _ASSIGN_WITH_SEED_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.TRANSFER_WITH_SEED: _TRANSFER_WITH_SEED_LAYOUT,
+        },
+    ),
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/vote_instructions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/vote_instructions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..412eacd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/_layouts/vote_instructions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""Byte layouts for vote program instructions."""
+from enum import IntEnum
+
+from construct import Switch  # type: ignore
+from construct import Int32ul, Int64ul
+from construct import Struct as cStruct
+
+
+class InstructionType(IntEnum):
+    """Instruction types for vote program."""
+
+    WITHDRAW_FROM_VOTE_ACCOUNT = 3
+
+
+_WITHDRAW_FROM_VOTE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT = cStruct("lamports" / Int64ul)
+
+VOTE_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "instruction_type" / Int32ul,
+    "args"
+    / Switch(
+        lambda this: this.instruction_type,
+        {
+            InstructionType.WITHDRAW_FROM_VOTE_ACCOUNT: _WITHDRAW_FROM_VOTE_ACCOUNT_LAYOUT,
+        },
+    ),
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/account.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/account.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed28593
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/account.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+"""(Deprecated, use `solana.keypair` instead).
+
+Account module to manage public-private key pair and signing messages.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import List, Optional, Union
+from warnings import warn
+
+from based58 import b58encode
+from nacl import public, signing  # type: ignore
+
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+
+
+class Account:
+    """(Deprecated) An account key pair (public and secret keys).
+
+    >>> # Import account from 64-byte keypair
+    >>> keypair = [
+    ...     90, 249, 112, 214, 86, 235, 20, 215, 175, 33, 227, 50, 72, 214, 59, 49,
+    ...     38, 161, 99, 83, 107, 188, 57, 48, 119, 189, 46, 148, 160, 214, 239, 148,
+    ...     219, 250, 20, 106, 35, 41, 118, 107, 89, 96, 195, 15, 153, 248, 223, 6,
+    ...     46, 71, 142, 92, 169, 240, 177, 106, 86, 194, 21, 62, 29, 222, 206, 82]
+    >>> account = Account(keypair[:32])
+    >>> account.public_key()
+    4HtxMbEK1QYzo9KjXEZoDeGrkhYkDtWdiQUARxz5VCoW
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, secret_key: Optional[Union[bytes, str, List[int], int]] = None):
+        """Create a new Account object.
+
+        :pararm secret_key: Secret key for the account.
+        """
+        warn("solana.account.Account is deprecated, please use solana.keypair.KeyPair", category=DeprecationWarning)
+        key: Optional[bytes] = None
+        if isinstance(secret_key, int):
+            key = bytes(PublicKey(secret_key))
+        if isinstance(secret_key, list):
+            key = bytes(secret_key)
+        elif isinstance(secret_key, str):
+            key = bytes(secret_key, encoding="utf-8")
+        elif isinstance(secret_key, bytes):
+            key = secret_key
+
+        self._secret = public.PrivateKey(key) if key else public.PrivateKey.generate()
+
+    def public_key(self) -> PublicKey:
+        """The public key for this account."""
+        verify_key = signing.SigningKey(self.secret_key()).verify_key
+        return PublicKey(bytes(verify_key))
+
+    def secret_key(self) -> bytes:
+        """The **Unencrypted** secret key for this account."""
+        return bytes(self._secret)
+
+    def keypair(self) -> bytes:
+        """The 64 byte keypair for this account (base 58 encoded)."""
+        return b58encode(self.secret_key() + bytes(signing.SigningKey(self.secret_key()).verify_key))
+
+    def sign(self, msg: bytes) -> signing.SignedMessage:
+        """Sign a message with this account.
+
+        Args:
+
+            msg: message to sign.
+
+        Returns:
+            A signed message object.
+
+        >>> secret_key = bytes([1] * 32)
+        >>> acc = Account(secret_key)
+        >>> msg = b"hello"
+        >>> signed_msg = acc.sign(msg)
+        >>> signed_msg.signature.hex()
+        'e1430c6ebd0d53573b5c803452174f8991ef5955e0906a09e8fdc7310459e9c82a402526748c3431fe7f0e5faafbf7e703234789734063ee42be17af16438d08'
+        >>> signed_msg.message.decode('utf-8')
+        'hello'
+        """  # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        return signing.SigningKey(self.secret_key()).sign(msg)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/blockhash.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/blockhash.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d794940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/blockhash.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""Blockhash.
+
+Example:
+    >>> # An arbitrary base58 encoded blockhash:
+    >>> Blockhash("EETubP5AKHgjPAhzPAFcb8BAY1hMH639CWCFTqi3hq1k")
+    'EETubP5AKHgjPAhzPAFcb8BAY1hMH639CWCFTqi3hq1k'
+"""
+from typing import NewType
+
+from cachetools import TTLCache
+
+Blockhash = NewType("Blockhash", str)
+"""Type for blockhash."""
+
+
+class BlockhashCache:
+    """A recent blockhash cache that expires after a given number of seconds.
+
+    Args:
+        ttl: Seconds until cached blockhash expires.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, ttl: int = 60) -> None:
+        """Instantiate the cache (you only need to do this once)."""
+        maxsize = 300
+        self.unused_blockhashes: TTLCache = TTLCache(maxsize=maxsize, ttl=ttl)
+        self.used_blockhashes: TTLCache = TTLCache(maxsize=maxsize, ttl=ttl)
+
+    def set(self, blockhash: Blockhash, slot: int, used_immediately: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Update the cache.
+
+        Args:
+            blockhash: new Blockhash value.
+            slot: the slot which the blockhash came from.
+            used_immediately: whether the client used the blockhash immediately after fetching it.
+
+        """
+        if used_immediately:
+            if slot not in self.used_blockhashes:
+                self.used_blockhashes[slot] = blockhash
+            return
+        if slot in self.used_blockhashes or slot in self.unused_blockhashes:
+            return
+        self.unused_blockhashes[slot] = blockhash
+
+    def get(self) -> Blockhash:
+        """Get the cached Blockhash. Raises KeyError if cache has expired.
+
+        Returns:
+            cached Blockhash.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            slot, blockhash = self.unused_blockhashes.popitem()
+            self.used_blockhashes[slot] = blockhash
+        except KeyError:
+            with self.used_blockhashes.timer:  # type: ignore
+                blockhash = self.used_blockhashes[min(self.used_blockhashes)]
+                # raises ValueError if used_blockhashes is empty
+        return blockhash
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e0b94f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+"""Exceptions native to solana-py."""
+from typing import Callable, Any
+
+
+class SolanaExceptionBase(Exception):
+    """Base class for Solana-py exceptions."""
+
+    def __init__(self, exc: Exception, func: Callable[[Any], Any], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__()
+        self.error_msg = self._build_error_message(exc, func, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _build_error_message(
+        exc: Exception, func: Callable[[Any], Any], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
+    ) -> str:
+        return f"{type(exc)} raised in {func} invokation"
+
+
+class SolanaRpcException(SolanaExceptionBase):
+    """Class for Solana-py RPC exceptions."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _build_error_message(exc: Exception, func: Callable[[Any], Any], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
+        rpc_method = args[1]
+        return f'{type(exc)} raised in "{rpc_method}" endpoint request'
+
+
+def handle_exceptions(internal_exception_cls, *exception_types_caught):
+    """Decorator for handling non-async exception."""
+
+    def func_decorator(func):
+        def argument_decorator(*args, **kwargs):
+            try:
+                return func(*args, **kwargs)
+            except exception_types_caught as exc:
+                raise internal_exception_cls(exc, func, *args, **kwargs) from exc
+
+        return argument_decorator
+
+    return func_decorator
+
+
+def handle_async_exceptions(internal_exception_cls, *exception_types_caught):
+    """Decorator for handling async exception."""
+
+    def func_decorator(func):
+        async def argument_decorator(*args, **kwargs):
+            try:
+                return await func(*args, **kwargs)
+            except exception_types_caught as exc:
+                raise internal_exception_cls(exc, func, *args, **kwargs) from exc
+
+        return argument_decorator
+
+    return func_decorator
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/instruction.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/instruction.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddcbaed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/instruction.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+"""Library to encode/decode instruction data."""
+from struct import Struct, unpack
+from typing import Any, NamedTuple, Tuple
+
+
+class InstructionLayout(NamedTuple):
+    """Data layout for the instruction to be encoded.
+
+    Instruction formats follow the format conventions
+    [here](https://docs.python.org/3/library/struct.html#struct-format-strings/).
+    """
+
+    idx: int
+    """The Instruction index (from solana upstream program)."""
+    fmt: str
+    """Format to build the parameter data."""
+
+
+def encode_data(layout: InstructionLayout, *params: Any) -> bytes:
+    """Encode instruction data to raw bytes.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> # Encoding a transfer instruction:
+        >>> transfer_layout = InstructionLayout(idx=2, fmt="Q")
+        >>> encode_data(transfer_layout, 123).hex()
+        '020000007b00000000000000'
+
+    Returns:
+        The encoded bytes.
+    """
+    return Struct(f"<I{layout.fmt}").pack(layout.idx, *params)
+
+
+def decode_data(layout: InstructionLayout, raw_data: bytes) -> Tuple:
+    """Decode instruction from raw bytes.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> # Decoding a transfer instruction:
+        >>> transfer_layout = InstructionLayout(idx=2, fmt="Q")
+        >>> raw_data = bytes.fromhex('020000007b00000000000000')
+        >>> decode_data(transfer_layout, raw_data)
+        (2, 123)
+    """
+    data = None
+    try:
+        data = unpack(f"<I{layout.fmt}", raw_data)
+    except Exception as err:
+        raise RuntimeError("failed to decode instruction") from err
+    if data[0] != layout.idx:
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid instruction; instruction index mismatch {data[0]} != {layout.idx}")
+    return data
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/keypair.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/keypair.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70136b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/keypair.py
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+"""Keypair module to manage public-private key pair."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Optional
+
+import nacl.public  # type: ignore
+from nacl import signing  # type: ignore
+
+import solana.publickey
+
+
+class Keypair:
+    """An account keypair used for signing transactions.
+
+    Args:
+        keypair: an `nacl.public.PrivateKey` instance.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> # Init with random keypair:
+        >>> keypair = Keypair()
+        >>> # Init with existing keypair:
+        >>> keys = nacl.public.PrivateKey.generate()
+        >>> keypair = Keypair(keys)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, keypair: Optional[nacl.public.PrivateKey] = None) -> None:
+        """Create a new keypair instance.
+
+        Generate random keypair if no keypair is provided. Initialize class variables.
+        """
+        if keypair is None:
+            # the PrivateKey object comes with a public key too
+            self._keypair = nacl.public.PrivateKey.generate()
+        else:
+            self._keypair = keypair
+
+        verify_key = signing.SigningKey(bytes(self._keypair)).verify_key
+
+        self._public_key = solana.publickey.PublicKey(verify_key)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def generate(cls) -> Keypair:
+        """Generate a new random keypair.
+
+        This method exists to provide familiarity for web3.js users.
+        There isn't much reason to use it instead of just instantiating
+        `Keypair()`.
+
+        Returns:
+            The generated keypair.
+        """
+        return cls()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_secret_key(cls, secret_key: bytes) -> Keypair:
+        """Create a keypair from the 64-byte secret key.
+
+        This method should only be used to recreate a keypair from a previously
+        generated secret key. Generating keypairs from a random seed should be done
+        with the `.from_seed` method.
+
+        Args:
+
+            secret_key: secret key in bytes.
+
+        Returns:
+            The generated keypair.
+        """
+        seed = secret_key[:32]
+        return cls.from_seed(seed)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_seed(cls, seed: bytes) -> Keypair:
+        """Generate a keypair from a 32 byte seed.
+
+        Args:
+
+            seed: 32-byte seed.
+
+        Returns:
+            The generated keypair.
+        """
+        return cls(nacl.public.PrivateKey(seed))
+
+    def sign(self, msg: bytes) -> signing.SignedMessage:
+        """Sign a message with this keypair.
+
+        Args:
+
+            msg: message to sign.
+
+        Returns:
+            A signed messeged object.
+
+        Example:
+
+            >>> seed = bytes([1] * 32)
+            >>> keypair = Keypair.from_seed(seed)
+            >>> msg = b"hello"
+            >>> signed_msg = keypair.sign(msg)
+            >>> signed_msg.signature.hex()
+            'e1430c6ebd0d53573b5c803452174f8991ef5955e0906a09e8fdc7310459e9c82a402526748c3431fe7f0e5faafbf7e703234789734063ee42be17af16438d08'
+            >>> signed_msg.message.decode('utf-8')
+            'hello'
+        """  # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        return signing.SigningKey(self.seed).sign(msg)
+
+    @property
+    def seed(self) -> bytes:
+        """The 32-byte secret seed."""
+        return bytes(self._keypair)
+
+    @property
+    def public_key(self) -> solana.publickey.PublicKey:
+        """The public key for this keypair."""
+        return self._public_key
+
+    @property
+    def secret_key(self) -> bytes:
+        """The raw 64-byte secret key for this keypair."""
+        return self.seed + bytes(self.public_key)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        """Checks for equality by comparing public keys."""
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return False
+        return self.secret_key == other.secret_key
+
+    def __ne__(self, other) -> bool:
+        """Implemented by negating __eq__."""
+        return not (self == other)  # pylint: disable=superfluous-parens
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        """Returns a unique hash for set operations."""
+        return hash(self._keypair)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/message.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/message.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..692d97e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/message.py
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+"""Library for generating a message from a sequence of instructions."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import List, NamedTuple, Union
+
+from based58 import b58decode, b58encode
+
+from solana.blockhash import Blockhash
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.utils import helpers
+from solana.utils import shortvec_encoding as shortvec
+
+
+class CompiledInstruction(NamedTuple):
+    """An instruction to execute by a program."""
+
+    accounts: Union[bytes, List[int]]
+    """Ordered indices into the transaction keys array indicating which accounts to pass to the program."""
+    program_id_index: int
+    """Index into the transaction keys array indicating the program account that executes this instruction."""
+    data: bytes
+    """The program input data encoded as base 58."""
+
+
+class MessageHeader(NamedTuple):
+    """The message header, identifying signed and read-only account."""
+
+    num_required_signatures: int
+    """The number of signatures required for this message to be considered valid."""
+    num_readonly_signed_accounts: int
+    """The last `numReadonlySignedAccounts` of the signed keys are read-only accounts."""
+    num_readonly_unsigned_accounts: int
+    """The last `numReadonlySignedAccounts` of the unsigned keys are read-only accounts."""
+
+
+class MessageArgs(NamedTuple):
+    """Message constructor arguments."""
+
+    header: MessageHeader
+    """The message header, identifying signed and read-only `accountKeys`."""
+    account_keys: List[str]
+    """All the account keys used by this transaction."""
+    recent_blockhash: Blockhash
+    """The hash of a recent ledger block."""
+    instructions: List[CompiledInstruction]
+    """Instructions that will be executed in sequence and committed in one atomic transaction if all succeed."""
+
+
+class Message:
+    """Message object to be used to to build a transaction.
+
+    A message contains a header, followed by a compact-array of account addresses, followed by a recent blockhash,
+    followed by a compact-array of instructions.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, args: MessageArgs) -> None:
+        """Init message object."""
+        self.header = args.header
+        self.account_keys = [PublicKey(key) for key in args.account_keys]
+        self.recent_blockhash = args.recent_blockhash
+        self.instructions = args.instructions
+
+    def __encode_message(self) -> bytes:  # TODO: Replace this with a construct struct.
+        MessageFormat = NamedTuple(
+            "MessageFormat",
+            [
+                ("num_required_signatures", bytes),
+                ("num_readonly_signed_accounts", bytes),
+                ("num_readonly_unsigned_accounts", bytes),
+                ("pubkeys_length", bytes),
+                ("pubkeys", bytes),
+                ("recent_blockhash", bytes),
+            ],
+        )
+        return b"".join(
+            MessageFormat(
+                num_required_signatures=helpers.to_uint8_bytes(self.header.num_required_signatures),
+                num_readonly_signed_accounts=helpers.to_uint8_bytes(self.header.num_readonly_signed_accounts),
+                num_readonly_unsigned_accounts=helpers.to_uint8_bytes(self.header.num_readonly_unsigned_accounts),
+                pubkeys_length=shortvec.encode_length(len(self.account_keys)),
+                pubkeys=b"".join([bytes(pubkey) for pubkey in self.account_keys]),
+                recent_blockhash=b58decode(self.recent_blockhash.encode("ascii")),
+            )
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __encode_instruction(
+        instruction: "CompiledInstruction",
+    ) -> bytes:  # TODO: Replace this with a construct struct.
+        InstructionFormat = NamedTuple(
+            "InstructionFormat",
+            [
+                ("program_idx", bytes),
+                ("accounts_length", bytes),
+                ("accounts", bytes),
+                ("data_length", bytes),
+                ("data", bytes),
+            ],
+        )
+        data = b58decode(instruction.data)
+        data_length = shortvec.encode_length(len(data))
+        return b"".join(
+            InstructionFormat(
+                program_idx=helpers.to_uint8_bytes(instruction.program_id_index),
+                accounts_length=shortvec.encode_length(len(instruction.accounts)),
+                accounts=bytes(instruction.accounts),
+                data_length=data_length,
+                data=data,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def is_account_writable(self, index: int) -> bool:
+        """Check if account is write eligble."""
+        writable = index < (self.header.num_required_signatures - self.header.num_readonly_signed_accounts)
+        return writable or self.header.num_required_signatures <= index < (
+            len(self.account_keys) - self.header.num_readonly_unsigned_accounts
+        )
+
+    def serialize(self) -> bytes:
+        """Serialize message to bytes.
+
+        Example:
+
+            >>> from solana.blockhash import Blockhash
+            >>> account_keys = [str(PublicKey(i + 1)) for i in range(5)]
+            >>> msg = Message(
+            ...     MessageArgs(
+            ...         account_keys=account_keys,
+            ...         header=MessageHeader(
+            ...             num_readonly_signed_accounts=0, num_readonly_unsigned_accounts=3, num_required_signatures=2
+            ...         ),
+            ...         instructions=[
+            ...             CompiledInstruction(accounts=[1, 2, 3], data=b58encode(bytes([9] * 5)), program_id_index=4)],
+            ...         recent_blockhash=Blockhash("EETubP5AKHgjPAhzPAFcb8BAY1hMH639CWCFTqi3hq1k"),
+            ...     )
+            ... )
+            >>> msg.serialize().hex()
+            '0200030500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000300000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000005c49ae77603782054f17a9decea43b444eba0edb12c6f1d31c6e0e4a84bf052eb010403010203050909090909'
+
+        Returns:
+            The seriallized message.
+        """  # pylint: disable=line-too-long # noqa: E501
+        message_buffer = bytearray()
+        # Message body
+        message_buffer.extend(self.__encode_message())
+        # Instructions
+        instruction_count = shortvec.encode_length(len(self.instructions))
+        message_buffer.extend(instruction_count)
+        for instr in self.instructions:
+            message_buffer.extend(Message.__encode_instruction(instr))
+        return bytes(message_buffer)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def deserialize(raw_message: bytes) -> Message:  # pylint: disable=too-many-locals
+        """Deserialize raw message bytes.
+
+        Example:
+
+            >>> raw_message = bytes.fromhex(
+            ...     '0200030500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000300000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0004000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000005c49ae77603782054f17a9decea43b444eba0'
+            ...     'edb12c6f1d31c6e0e4a84bf052eb010403010203050909090909'
+            ... )
+            >>> type(Message.deserialize(raw_message))
+            <class 'solana.message.Message'>
+
+        Returns:
+            The deserialized message.
+        """
+        HEADER_OFFSET = 3  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+        if len(raw_message) < HEADER_OFFSET:
+            raise ValueError("byte representation of message is missing message header")
+        num_required_signatures = raw_message[0]
+        num_readonly_signed_accounts = raw_message[1]
+        num_readonly_unsigned_accounts = raw_message[2]
+        header = MessageHeader(
+            num_required_signatures=num_required_signatures,
+            num_readonly_signed_accounts=num_readonly_signed_accounts,
+            num_readonly_unsigned_accounts=num_readonly_unsigned_accounts,
+        )
+        raw_message = raw_message[HEADER_OFFSET:]
+
+        account_keys = []
+        accounts_length, accounts_offset = shortvec.decode_length(raw_message)
+        for _ in range(accounts_length):
+            key_bytes = raw_message[accounts_offset : accounts_offset + PublicKey.LENGTH]  # noqa: E203
+            account_keys.append(str(PublicKey(key_bytes)))
+            accounts_offset += PublicKey.LENGTH
+        raw_message = raw_message[accounts_offset:]
+
+        recent_blockhash = Blockhash(b58encode(raw_message[: PublicKey.LENGTH]).decode("utf-8"))
+        raw_message = raw_message[PublicKey.LENGTH :]  # noqa: E203
+
+        instructions = []
+        instruction_count, offset = shortvec.decode_length(raw_message)
+        raw_message = raw_message[offset:]
+        for _ in range(instruction_count):
+            program_id_index = raw_message[0]
+            raw_message = raw_message[1:]
+
+            accounts_length, offset = shortvec.decode_length(raw_message)
+            raw_message = raw_message[offset:]
+            accounts = raw_message[:accounts_length]
+            raw_message = raw_message[accounts_length:]
+
+            data_length, offset = shortvec.decode_length(raw_message)
+            raw_message = raw_message[offset:]
+            data = b58encode(raw_message[:data_length])
+            raw_message = raw_message[data_length:]
+
+            instructions.append(CompiledInstruction(program_id_index=program_id_index, accounts=accounts, data=data))
+
+        return Message(
+            MessageArgs(
+                header=header,
+                account_keys=account_keys,
+                recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash,
+                instructions=instructions,
+            )
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/publickey.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/publickey.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fde6eb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/publickey.py
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+"""Library to interface with Solana public keys."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from hashlib import sha256
+from typing import Any, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from based58 import b58decode, b58encode
+from nacl.signing import VerifyKey
+
+from solana.utils import ed25519_base, helpers
+
+
+class OnCurveException(Exception):
+    """Raise when generated address is on the curve."""
+
+
+class PublicKey:
+    """The public key of a keypair.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> # An arbitary public key:
+        >>> pubkey = PublicKey(1)
+        >>> str(pubkey) # String representation in base58 form.
+        '11111111111111111111111111111112'
+        >>> bytes(pubkey).hex()
+        '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001'
+    """
+
+    LENGTH = 32
+    """Constant for standard length of a public key."""
+
+    def __init__(self, value: Union[bytearray, bytes, int, str, List[int], VerifyKey]):
+        """Init PublicKey object."""
+        self._key: Optional[bytes] = None
+        if isinstance(value, str):
+            try:
+                self._key = b58decode(value.encode("ascii"))
+            except ValueError as err:
+                raise ValueError("invalid public key input:", value) from err
+            if len(self._key) != self.LENGTH:
+                raise ValueError("invalid public key input:", value)
+        elif isinstance(value, int):
+            self._key = bytes([value])
+        else:
+            self._key = bytes(value)
+
+        if len(self._key) > self.LENGTH:
+            raise ValueError("invalid public key input:", value)
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        """Public key in bytes."""
+        if not self._key:
+            return bytes(self.LENGTH)
+        return self._key if len(self._key) == self.LENGTH else self._key.rjust(self.LENGTH, b"\0")
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        """Equality definition for PublicKeys."""
+        return False if not isinstance(other, PublicKey) else bytes(self) == bytes(other)
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        """Returns a unique hash for set operations."""
+        return hash(self.__bytes__())
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        """Representation of a PublicKey."""
+        return str(self)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """String definition for PublicKey."""
+        return self.to_base58().decode("utf-8")
+
+    def to_base58(self) -> bytes:
+        """Public key in base58.
+
+        Returns:
+            The base58-encoded public key.
+        """
+        return b58encode(bytes(self))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def create_with_seed(from_public_key: PublicKey, seed: str, program_id: PublicKey) -> PublicKey:
+        """Derive a public key from another key, a seed, and a program ID.
+
+        Returns:
+            The derived public key.
+        """
+        buf = bytes(from_public_key) + seed.encode("utf-8") + bytes(program_id)
+        return PublicKey(sha256(buf).digest())
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def create_program_address(seeds: List[bytes], program_id: PublicKey) -> PublicKey:
+        """Derive a program address from seeds and a program ID.
+
+        Returns:
+            The derived program address.
+        """
+        buffer = b"".join(seeds + [bytes(program_id), b"ProgramDerivedAddress"])
+        hashbytes: bytes = sha256(buffer).digest()
+        if not PublicKey._is_on_curve(hashbytes):
+            return PublicKey(hashbytes)
+        raise OnCurveException("Invalid seeds, address must fall off the curve")
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def find_program_address(seeds: List[bytes], program_id: PublicKey) -> Tuple[PublicKey, int]:
+        """Find a valid program address.
+
+        Valid program addresses must fall off the ed25519 curve.  This function
+        iterates a nonce until it finds one that when combined with the seeds
+        results in a valid program address.
+
+        Returns:
+            The program address and nonce used.
+        """
+        nonce = 255
+        while nonce != 0:
+            try:
+                buffer = seeds + [helpers.to_uint8_bytes(nonce)]
+                address = PublicKey.create_program_address(buffer, program_id)
+            except OnCurveException:
+                nonce -= 1
+                continue
+            return address, nonce
+        raise KeyError("Unable to find a viable program address nonce")
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _is_on_curve(pubkey_bytes: bytes) -> bool:
+        """Verify the point is on curve or not."""
+        return ed25519_base.is_on_curve(pubkey_bytes)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f7fd7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Clients for the Soloana JSON RPC API."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/_utils/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/_utils/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/_utils/encoding.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/_utils/encoding.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab20d92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/_utils/encoding.py
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+"""Friendly JSON serializer & deserializer for Requests."""
+import collections.abc
+import json
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, Optional, Type
+
+
+# Original source:
+# https://github.com/ethereum/web3.py/blob/8bb0b56f65f1ab96b46db79f9956517ac628bd7b/web3/_utils/encoding.py#L181
+class FriendlyJsonSerde:
+    """Friendly JSON serializer & deserializer.
+
+    When encoding or decoding fails, this class collects
+    information on which fields failed, to show more
+    helpful information in the raised error messages.
+    """
+
+    def _json_mapping_errors(self, mapping: Dict[Any, Any]) -> Iterable[str]:
+        for key, val in mapping.items():
+            try:
+                self._friendly_json_encode(val)
+            except TypeError as exc:
+                yield f"{key}: because ({exc})"
+
+    def _json_list_errors(self, iterable: Iterable[Any]) -> Iterable[str]:
+        for index, element in enumerate(iterable):
+            try:
+                self._friendly_json_encode(element)
+            except TypeError as exc:
+                yield f"{index}: because ({exc})"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _is_list_like(obj: Any) -> bool:
+        return not isinstance(obj, (bytes, str, bytearray)) and isinstance(obj, collections.abc.Sequence)
+
+    def _friendly_json_encode(self, obj: Dict[Any, Any], cls: Optional[Type[json.JSONEncoder]] = None) -> str:
+        try:
+            encoded = json.dumps(obj, cls=cls)
+            return encoded
+        except TypeError as full_exception:
+            if hasattr(obj, "items"):
+                item_errors = "; ".join(self._json_mapping_errors(obj))
+                raise TypeError(f"dict had unencodable value at keys: {{{item_errors}}}") from full_exception
+            if FriendlyJsonSerde._is_list_like(obj):
+                element_errors = "; ".join(self._json_list_errors(obj))
+                raise TypeError(f"list had unencodable value at index: [{element_errors}]") from full_exception
+            raise full_exception
+
+    def json_decode(self, json_str: str) -> Dict[Any, Any]:  # pylint: disable=no-self-use
+        """Deserialize JSON document to a Python object with friendly error messages."""
+        try:
+            decoded = json.loads(json_str)
+            return decoded
+        except json.decoder.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+            err_msg = f"Could not decode {repr(json_str)} because of {exc}."
+            # Calling code may rely on catching JSONDecodeError to recognize bad json
+            # so we have to re-raise the same type.
+            raise json.decoder.JSONDecodeError(err_msg, exc.doc, exc.pos)
+
+    def json_encode(self, obj: Dict[Any, Any], cls: Optional[Type[json.JSONEncoder]] = None) -> str:
+        """Serialize obj to a JSON formatted `str` with friendly error messages."""
+        try:
+            return self._friendly_json_encode(obj, cls=cls)
+        except TypeError as exc:
+            raise TypeError("Could not encode to JSON") from exc
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..921ef0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1379 @@
+"""API client to interact with the Solana JSON RPC Endpoint."""  # pylint: disable=too-many-lines
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from time import sleep, time
+from typing import List, Optional, Union
+from warnings import warn
+
+from solana.blockhash import Blockhash, BlockhashCache
+from solana.keypair import Keypair
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.rpc import types
+from solana.transaction import Transaction
+
+from .commitment import COMMITMENT_RANKS, Commitment, Finalized
+from .core import RPCException, UnconfirmedTxError, _ClientCore
+from .providers import http
+
+
+def DataSliceOpt(*args, **kwargs) -> types.DataSliceOpts:  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    """Option to limit the returned account data, only available for "base58" or "base64" encoding."""
+    warn(
+        "solana.rpc.api.DataSliceOpt is deprecated, please use solana.rpc.types.DataSliceOpts",
+        category=DeprecationWarning,
+    )
+    return types.DataSliceOpts(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def MemcmpOpt(*args, **kwargs) -> types.MemcmpOpts:  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    """Option to compare a provided series of bytes with program account data at a particular offset."""
+    warn("solana.rpc.api.MemcmpOpt is deprecated, please use solana.rpc.types.MemcmpOpts", category=DeprecationWarning)
+    return types.MemcmpOpts(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class Client(_ClientCore):  # pylint: disable=too-many-public-methods
+    """Client class.
+
+    Args:
+        endpoint: URL of the RPC endpoint.
+        commitment: Default bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+        blockhash_cache: (Experimental) If True, keep a cache of recent blockhashes to make
+            `send_transaction` calls faster.
+            You can also pass your own BlockhashCache object to customize its parameters.
+
+            The cache works as follows:
+
+            1.  Retrieve the oldest unused cached blockhash that is younger than `ttl` seconds,
+                where `ttl` is defined in the BlockhashCache (we prefer unused blockhashes because
+                reusing blockhashes can cause errors in some edge cases, and we prefer slightly
+                older blockhashes because they're more likely to be accepted by every validator).
+            2.  If there are no unused blockhashes in the cache, take the oldest used
+                blockhash that is younger than `ttl` seconds.
+            3.  Fetch a new recent blockhash *after* sending the transaction. This is to keep the cache up-to-date.
+
+            If you want something tailored to your use case, run your own loop that fetches the recent blockhash,
+            and pass that value in your `.send_transaction` calls.
+        timeout: HTTP request timeout in seconds.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        endpoint: Optional[str] = None,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        blockhash_cache: Union[BlockhashCache, bool] = False,
+        timeout: float = 10,
+    ):
+        """Init API client."""
+        super().__init__(commitment, blockhash_cache)
+        self._provider = http.HTTPProvider(endpoint, timeout=timeout)
+
+    def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        """Health check.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.is_connected() # doctest: +SKIP
+            True
+
+        Returns:
+            True if the client is connected.
+        """
+        return self._provider.is_connected()
+
+    def get_balance(self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the balance of the account of provided Pubkey.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of account to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_balance(PublicKey(1)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': {'context': {'slot': 228}, 'value': 0}, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_balance_args(pubkey, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_account_info(
+        self,
+        pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: str = "base64",
+        data_slice: Optional[types.DataSliceOpts] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all the account info for the specified public key.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of account to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for Account data, either "base58" (slow), "base64", or
+                "jsonParsed". Default is "base64".
+
+                - "base58" is limited to Account data of less than 128 bytes.
+                - "base64" will return base64 encoded data for Account data of any size.
+                - "jsonParsed" encoding attempts to use program-specific state parsers to return more human-readable and explicit account state data.
+
+                If jsonParsed is requested but a parser cannot be found, the field falls back to base64 encoding,
+                detectable when the data field is type. (jsonParsed encoding is UNSTABLE).
+            data_slice: (optional) Option to limit the returned account data using the provided `offset`: <usize> and
+                `length`: <usize> fields; only available for "base58" or "base64" encoding.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_account_info(PublicKey(1)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 33265073},
+              'value': {'data': '',
+               'executable': False,
+               'lamports': 4459816188034584,
+               'owner': '11111111111111111111111111111111',
+               'rentEpoch': 90}},
+             'id': 1}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_account_info_args(
+            pubkey=pubkey, commitment=commitment, encoding=encoding, data_slice=data_slice
+        )
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_block_commitment(self, slot: int) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Fetch the commitment for particular block.
+
+        Args:
+            slot: Block, identified by Slot.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_block_commitment(0) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'commitment': [0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               497717120],
+              'totalStake': 497717120},
+              'id': 1}}
+        """
+        args = self._get_block_commitment_args(slot)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_block_time(self, slot: int) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Fetch the estimated production time of a block.
+
+        Args:
+            slot: Block, identified by Slot.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_block_time(5) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1598400007, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_block_time_args(slot)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_cluster_nodes(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns information about all the nodes participating in the cluster.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_cluster_nodes() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': [{'gossip': '127.0.0.1:8001',
+               'pubkey': 'LjvEBM78ufAikBfxqtj4RNiAECUi7Xqtz9k3QM3DzPk',
+               'rpc': '127.0.0.1:8899',
+               'tpu': '127.0.0.1:8003',
+               'version': '1.4.0 5332fcad'}],
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._get_cluster_nodes)
+
+    def get_confirmed_block(
+        self,
+        slot: int,
+        encoding: str = "json",
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns identity and transaction information about a confirmed block in the ledger.
+
+        Args:
+            slot: Slot, as u64 integer.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either "json", "jsonParsed",
+                "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_confirmed_block(1) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'blockTime': None,
+              'blockhash': '39pJzWsPn59k2PuHqhB7xNYBNGFXcFVkXLertHPBV4Tj',
+              'parentSlot': 0,
+              'previousBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+              'rewards': [],
+              'transactions': [{'meta': {'err': None,
+                 'fee': 0,
+                 'postBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'preBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'status': {'Ok': None}},
+                'transaction': {'message': {'accountKeys': ['LjvEBM78ufAikBfxqtj4RNiAECUi7Xqtz9k3QM3DzPk',
+                   'EKAar3bMQUZvGSonq7vcPF2nPaCYowbnat44FPafW8Po',
+                   'SysvarS1otHashes111111111111111111111111111',
+                   'SysvarC1ock11111111111111111111111111111111',
+                   'Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111'],
+                  'header': {'numReadonlySignedAccounts': 0,
+                   'numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts': 3,
+                   'numRequiredSignatures': 1},
+                  'instructions': [{'accounts': [1, 2, 3, 0],
+                    'data': '37u9WtQpcm6ULa3VmTgTKEBCtYMxq84mk82tRvKdFEwj3rALiptAzuMJ1yoVSFAMARMZYp7q',
+                    'programIdIndex': 4}],
+                  'recentBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2'},
+                 'signatures': ['63jnpMCs7TNnCjnTqUrX7Mvqc5CbJMtVkLxBjPHUQkjXyZrQuZpfhjvzA7A29D9tMqVaiQC3UNP1NeaZKFFHJyQE']}}]},
+             'id': 9}
+            >>> solana_client.get_confirmed_block(1, encoding="base64") # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'blockTime': None,
+              'blockhash': '39pJzWsPn59k2PuHqhB7xNYBNGFXcFVkXLertHPBV4Tj',
+              'parentSlot': 0,
+              'previousBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+              'rewards': [],
+              'transactions': [{'meta': {'err': None,
+                 'fee': 0,
+                 'postBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'preBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'status': {'Ok': None}},
+                'transaction': ['AfxyKHmHIjXWjkyHODGeAbVxmfQWPj1ydS9nF+ynJHo8I1vCPDp2P9Cj5aA6W1CAHEHCqY0B1FDKomCzRo3qrAsBAAMFBQ6QBWfhQF7rG02xhuEsmmrUtz3AUjBtJKkqaHPJEmvFzziDX0C0robPrl9RbOyXHoc9/Dxa0zoGL6cEjvCjLgan1RcZLwqvxvJl4/t3zHragsUp0L47E24tAFUgAAAABqfVFxjHdMkoVmOYaR1etoteuKObS21cc1VbIQAAAAAHYUgdNXR0u3xNdiTr072z2DVec9EQQ/wNo1OAAAAAAM8NSv7ISDPN9E9XNL9vX7h8LuJHWlopUcX39DxsDx23AQQEAQIDADUCAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIWWp5Il3Kg312pzVk6Jt61iyFhTbtmkh/ORbj3JUQRbAA==',
+                 'base64']}]},
+             'id': 10}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_confirmed_block_args(slot, encoding)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_block(
+        self,
+        slot: int,
+        encoding: str = "json",
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns identity and transaction information about a confirmed block in the ledger.
+
+        Args:
+            slot: Slot, as u64 integer.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either "json", "jsonParsed",
+                "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_block(1) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'blockTime': None, 'blockHeight': 0,
+              'blockhash': '39pJzWsPn59k2PuHqhB7xNYBNGFXcFVkXLertHPBV4Tj',
+              'parentSlot': 0,
+              'previousBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+              'rewards': [],
+              'transactions': [{'meta': {'err': None,
+                 'fee': 0,
+                 'postBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'preBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'status': {'Ok': None}},
+                'transaction': {'message': {'accountKeys': ['LjvEBM78ufAikBfxqtj4RNiAECUi7Xqtz9k3QM3DzPk',
+                   'EKAar3bMQUZvGSonq7vcPF2nPaCYowbnat44FPafW8Po',
+                   'SysvarS1otHashes111111111111111111111111111',
+                   'SysvarC1ock11111111111111111111111111111111',
+                   'Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111'],
+                  'header': {'numReadonlySignedAccounts': 0,
+                   'numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts': 3,
+                   'numRequiredSignatures': 1},
+                  'instructions': [{'accounts': [1, 2, 3, 0],
+                    'data': '37u9WtQpcm6ULa3VmTgTKEBCtYMxq84mk82tRvKdFEwj3rALiptAzuMJ1yoVSFAMARMZYp7q',
+                    'programIdIndex': 4}],
+                  'recentBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2'},
+                 'signatures': ['63jnpMCs7TNnCjnTqUrX7Mvqc5CbJMtVkLxBjPHUQkjXyZrQuZpfhjvzA7A29D9tMqVaiQC3UNP1NeaZKFFHJyQE']}}]},
+             'id': 9}
+            >>> solana_client.get_block(1, encoding="base64") # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'blockTime': None, 'blockHeight': 0,
+              'blockhash': '39pJzWsPn59k2PuHqhB7xNYBNGFXcFVkXLertHPBV4Tj',
+              'parentSlot': 0,
+              'previousBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+              'rewards': [],
+              'transactions': [{'meta': {'err': None,
+                 'fee': 0,
+                 'postBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'preBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'status': {'Ok': None}},
+                'transaction': ['AfxyKHmHIjXWjkyHODGeAbVxmfQWPj1ydS9nF+ynJHo8I1vCPDp2P9Cj5aA6W1CAHEHCqY0B1FDKomCzRo3qrAsBAAMFBQ6QBWfhQF7rG02xhuEsmmrUtz3AUjBtJKkqaHPJEmvFzziDX0C0robPrl9RbOyXHoc9/Dxa0zoGL6cEjvCjLgan1RcZLwqvxvJl4/t3zHragsUp0L47E24tAFUgAAAABqfVFxjHdMkoVmOYaR1etoteuKObS21cc1VbIQAAAAAHYUgdNXR0u3xNdiTr072z2DVec9EQQ/wNo1OAAAAAAM8NSv7ISDPN9E9XNL9vX7h8LuJHWlopUcX39DxsDx23AQQEAQIDADUCAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIWWp5Il3Kg312pzVk6Jt61iyFhTbtmkh/ORbj3JUQRbAA==',
+                 'base64']}]},
+             'id': 10}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_block_args(slot, encoding)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_block_height(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current block height of the node.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_block_height() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1233, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_block_height_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_confirmed_blocks(self, start_slot: int, end_slot: Optional[int] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns a list of confirmed blocks.
+
+        Args:
+            start_slot: Start slot, as u64 integer.
+            end_slot: (optional) End slot, as u64 integer.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_confirmed_blocks(5, 10) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_confirmed_blocks_args(start_slot, end_slot)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_blocks(self, start_slot: int, end_slot: Optional[int] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns a list of confirmed blocks.
+
+        Args:
+            start_slot: Start slot, as u64 integer.
+            end_slot: (optional) End slot, as u64 integer.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_blocks(5, 10) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_blocks_args(start_slot, end_slot)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_confirmed_signature_for_address2(
+        self,
+        account: Union[str, Keypair, PublicKey],
+        before: Optional[str] = None,
+        until: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns confirmed signatures for transactions involving an address.
+
+        Signatures are returned backwards in time from the provided signature or
+        most recent confirmed block.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to be queried.
+            before: (optional) Start searching backwards from this transaction signature.
+                If not provided the search starts from the top of the highest max confirmed block.
+            until: (optional) Search until this transaction signature, if found before limit reached.
+            limit: (optoinal) Maximum transaction signatures to return (between 1 and 1,000, default: 1,000).
+            commitment: (optional) Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_confirmed_signature_for_address2("Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111", limit=1) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': [{'err': None,
+               'memo': None,
+               'signature': 'v1BK8XcaPBzAGd7TB1K53pMdi6TBGe5CLCgx8cmZ4Bj63ZNvA6ca2QaxFpBFdvmpoFQ51VorBjifkBGLTDhwpqN',
+               'slot': 4290}],
+            'id': 2}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_confirmed_signature_for_address2_args(account, before, until, limit, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_signatures_for_address(
+        self,
+        account: Union[str, Keypair, PublicKey],
+        before: Optional[str] = None,
+        until: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns confirmed signatures for transactions involving an address.
+
+        Signatures are returned backwards in time from the provided signature or
+        most recent confirmed block.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to be queried.
+            before: (optional) Start searching backwards from this transaction signature.
+                If not provided the search starts from the top of the highest max confirmed block.
+            until: (optional) Search until this transaction signature, if found before limit reached.
+            limit: (optional) Maximum transaction signatures to return (between 1 and 1,000, default: 1,000).
+            commitment: (optional) Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_signatures_for_address("Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111", limit=1) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': [{'err': None,
+               'memo': None,
+               'signature': 'v1BK8XcaPBzAGd7TB1K53pMdi6TBGe5CLCgx8cmZ4Bj63ZNvA6ca2QaxFpBFdvmpoFQ51VorBjifkBGLTDhwpqN',
+               'slot': 4290}],
+             'id': 2}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_signatures_for_address_args(account, before, until, limit, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_confirmed_transaction(self, tx_sig: str, encoding: str = "json") -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns transaction details for a confirmed transaction.
+
+        Args:
+            tx_sig: Transaction signature as base-58 encoded string N encoding attempts to use program-specific
+                    instruction parsers to return more human-readable and explicit data in the
+                    `transaction.message.instructions` list.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either "json", "jsonParsed",
+                    "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_confirmed_transaction("3PtGYH77LhhQqTXP4SmDVJ85hmDieWsgXCUbn14v7gYyVYPjZzygUQhTk3bSTYnfA48vCM1rmWY7zWL3j1EVKmEy") # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'meta': {'err': None,
+               'fee': 5000,
+               'postBalances': [498449233720610510, 1000001001987940, 1],
+               'preBalances': [498449233721615510, 1000001000987940, 1],
+               'status': {'Ok': None}},
+              'slot': 1659335,
+              'transaction': {'message': {'accountKeys': ['9B5XszUGdMaxCZ7uSQhPzdks5ZQSmWxrmzCSvtJ6Ns6g',
+                 '2KW2XRd9kwqet15Aha2oK3tYvd3nWbTFH1MBiRAv1BE1',
+                 '11111111111111111111111111111111'],
+                'header': {'numReadonlySignedAccounts': 0,
+                 'numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts': 1,
+                 'numRequiredSignatures': 1},
+                'instructions': [{'accounts': [0, 1],
+                  'data': '3Bxs4Bc3VYuGVB19',
+                  'programIdIndex': 2}],
+                'recentBlockhash': 'FwcsKNptGtMLccXAA9YgnivVFK95mKzECLT1DNPi3SDr'},
+               'signatures': ['3PtGYH77LhhQqTXP4SmDVJ85hmDieWsgXCUbn14v7gYyVYPjZzygUQhTk3bSTYnfA48vCM1rmWY7zWL3j1EVKmEy']}},
+             'id': 4}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_confirmed_transaction_args(tx_sig, encoding)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_transaction(
+        self, tx_sig: str, encoding: str = "json", commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns transaction details for a confirmed transaction.
+
+        Args:
+            tx_sig: Transaction signature as base-58 encoded string N encoding attempts to use program-specific
+                instruction parsers to return more human-readable and explicit data in the
+                `transaction.message.instructions` list.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either "json", "jsonParsed",
+                "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_transaction("3PtGYH77LhhQqTXP4SmDVJ85hmDieWsgXCUbn14v7gYyVYPjZzygUQhTk3bSTYnfA48vCM1rmWY7zWL3j1EVKmEy") # doctest: +SKIP
+                {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+                 'result': {'meta': {'err': None,
+                   'fee': 5000, 'rewards': [],
+                   'postBalances': [498449233720610510, 1000001001987940, 1],
+                   'preBalances': [498449233721615510, 1000001000987940, 1],
+                   'status': {'Ok': None}},
+                  'slot': 1659335,
+                  'transaction': {'message': {'accountKeys': ['9B5XszUGdMaxCZ7uSQhPzdks5ZQSmWxrmzCSvtJ6Ns6g',
+                     '2KW2XRd9kwqet15Aha2oK3tYvd3nWbTFH1MBiRAv1BE1',
+                     '11111111111111111111111111111111'],
+                    'header': {'numReadonlySignedAccounts': 0,
+                     'numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts': 1,
+                     'numRequiredSignatures': 1},
+                    'instructions': [{'accounts': [0, 1],
+                      'data': '3Bxs4Bc3VYuGVB19',
+                      'programIdIndex': 2}],
+                    'recentBlockhash': 'FwcsKNptGtMLccXAA9YgnivVFK95mKzECLT1DNPi3SDr'},
+                   'signatures': ['3PtGYH77LhhQqTXP4SmDVJ85hmDieWsgXCUbn14v7gYyVYPjZzygUQhTk3bSTYnfA48vCM1rmWY7zWL3j1EVKmEy']}},
+                 'id': 4}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_transaction_args(tx_sig, encoding, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_epoch_info(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns information about the current epoch.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_epoch_info() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'absoluteSlot': 5150,
+              'blockHeight': 5150,
+              'epoch': 0,
+              'slotIndex': 5150,
+              'slotsInEpoch': 8192},
+             'id': 5}
+        """
+        args = self._get_epoch_info_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_epoch_schedule(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns epoch schedule information from this cluster's genesis config.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_epoch_schedule() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'firstNormalEpoch': 0,
+              'firstNormalSlot': 0,
+              'leaderScheduleSlotOffset': 8192,
+              'slotsPerEpoch': 8192,
+              'warmup': False},
+             'id': 6}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._get_epoch_schedule)
+
+    def get_fee_calculator_for_blockhash(
+        self, blockhash: Union[str, Blockhash], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the fee calculator associated with the query blockhash, or null if the blockhash has expired.
+
+        Args:
+            blockhash: Blockhash to query as a Base58 encoded string.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_fee_calculator_for_blockhash("BaQSR194dC4dZaRxATtxYyEwDkk7VgqUY8NVNkub8HFZ") # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 7065},
+              'value': {'feeCalculator': {'lamportsPerSignature': 5000}}},
+             'id': 4}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_fee_calculator_for_blockhash_args(blockhash, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_fee_rate_governor(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the fee rate governor information from the root bank.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_fee_rate_governor() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 7172},
+              'value': {'feeRateGovernor': {'burnPercent': 50,
+                'maxLamportsPerSignature': 100000,
+                'minLamportsPerSignature': 5000,
+                'targetLamportsPerSignature': 10000,
+                'targetSignaturesPerSlot': 20000}}},
+             'id': 5}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._get_fee_rate_governor)
+
+    def get_fees(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns a recent block hash from the ledger, a fee schedule and the last slot the blockhash will be valid.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_fees() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 7727},
+              'value': {'blockhash': 'GGS6AEDqjF5irU6D6VQNherEZ2hckGaeBiVdfSZKg4gd',
+               'feeCalculator': {'lamportsPerSignature': 5000},
+               'lastValidSlot': 8027}},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_fees_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_first_available_block(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the slot of the lowest confirmed block that has not been purged from the ledger.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_fees() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1, 'id': 2}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._get_first_available_block)
+
+    def get_genesis_hash(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the genesis hash.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_genesis_hash() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+             'id': 3}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._get_genesis_hash)
+
+    def get_identity(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the identity pubkey for the current node.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_identity() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'identity': 'LjvEBM78ufAikBfxqtj4RNiAECUi7Xqtz9k3QM3DzPk'},
+             'id': 4}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._get_identity)
+
+    def get_inflation_governor(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current inflation governor.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_inflation_governor() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'foundation': 0.05,
+              'foundationTerm': 7.0,
+              'initial': 0.15,
+              'taper': 0.15,
+              'terminal': 0.015},
+             'id': 5}
+        """
+        args = self._get_inflation_governor_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_inflation_rate(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the specific inflation values for the current epoch.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_inflation_rate() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'epoch': 1,
+              'foundation': 0.007499746885736559,
+              'total': 0.14999493771473116,
+              'validator': 0.1424951908289946},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._get_inflation_rate)
+
+    def get_largest_accounts(
+        self, filter_opt: Optional[str] = None, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the 20 largest accounts, by lamport balance.
+
+        Args:
+            filter_opt: Filter results by account type; currently supported: circulating|nonCirculating.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_largest_accounts() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 8890},
+              'value': [{'address': '95L7AsBCLRsqghsi6ksZkzjNbs6rqDgHCzKaGZ7bJi75',
+                'lamports': 500000000000000000},
+               {'address': 'APnSR52EC1eH676m7qTBHUJ1nrGpHYpV7XKPxgRDD8gX',
+                'lamports': 164511033098290000},
+               {'address': '13LeFbG6m2EP1fqCj9k66fcXsoTHMMtgr7c78AivUrYD',
+                'lamports': 153333632446109120},
+               {'address': 'GK2zqSsXLA2rwVZk347RYhh6jJpRsCA69FjLW93ZGi3B',
+                'lamports': 57499999036109120},
+               {'address': '8HVqyX9jebh31Q9Hp8t5sMVJs665979ZeEr3eCfzitUe',
+                'lamports': 30301031036109120},
+               {'address': 'HbZ5FfmKWNHC7uwk6TF1hVi6TCs7dtYfdjEcuPGgzFAg',
+                'lamports': 14999999036109120},
+               {'address': '14FUT96s9swbmH7ZjpDvfEDywnAYy9zaNhv4xvezySGu',
+                'lamports': 4999999036109120},
+               {'address': '9huDUZfxoJ7wGMTffUE7vh1xePqef7gyrLJu9NApncqA',
+                'lamports': 4999999036109120},
+               {'address': 'C7C8odR8oashR5Feyrq2tJKaXL18id1dSj2zbkDGL2C2',
+                'lamports': 4999999036109120},
+               {'address': 'AYgECURrvuX6GtFe4tX7aAj87Xc5r5Znx96ntNk1nCv',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'AogcwQ1ubM76EPMhSD5cw1ES4W5econvQCFmBL6nTW1',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'gWgqQ4udVxE3uNxRHEwvftTHwpEmPHAd8JR9UzaHbR2',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '3D91zLQPRLamwJfGR5ZYMKQb4C18gsJNaSdmB6b2wLhw',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '3bHbMa5VW3np5AJazuacidrN4xPZgwhcXigmjwHmBg5e',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '4U3RFq7X5kLG6tZ9kcksFL8oXeGNjtuUN1YfkVKXbs5x',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '5cBVGBKY6kBaiTVmsQpxThJ2oqitBYuCAX9Zm2zMuV4y',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '8PjJTv657aeN9p5R2WoM6pPSz385chvTTytUWaEjSjkq',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'AHB94zKUASftTdqgdfiDSdnPJHkEFp7zX3yMrcSxABsv',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'Hc36Wh1ZqYGzGAnsJWNT9r2gY3h9n89uDpxZPsmEsiE3',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'GxyRKP2eVKACaSSnso4VLSAjZKmHsFXHWUfS3A5CtiMA',
+                'lamports': 1940147018054560}]},
+             'id': 2}
+        """
+        args = self._get_largest_accounts_args(filter_opt, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_leader_schedule(
+        self, epoch: Optional[int] = None, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the leader schedule for an epoch.
+
+        Args:
+            epoch: Fetch the leader schedule for the epoch that corresponds to the provided slot.
+                If unspecified, the leader schedule for the current epoch is fetched.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_leader_schedule() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'EWj2cuEuVhi7RX81cnAY3TzpyFwnHzzVwvuTyfmxmhs3': [0,
+               1,
+               2,
+               3,
+               4,
+               5,
+               ...]},
+             'id': 6}
+        """
+        args = self._get_leader_schedule_args(epoch, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(
+        self, usize: int, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns minimum balance required to make account rent exempt.
+
+        Args:
+            usize: Account data length.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(50) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1238880, 'id': 7}
+        """
+        args = self._get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption_args(usize, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_multiple_accounts(
+        self,
+        pubkeys: List[Union[PublicKey, str]],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: str = "base64",
+        data_slice: Optional[types.DataSliceOpts] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all the account info for a list of public keys.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkeys: list of Pubkeys to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for Account data, either "base58" (slow), "base64", or
+                "jsonParsed". Default is "base64".
+
+                - "base58" is limited to Account data of less than 128 bytes.
+                - "base64" will return base64 encoded data for Account data of any size.
+                - "jsonParsed" encoding attempts to use program-specific state parsers to return more human-readable and explicit account state data.
+
+                If jsonParsed is requested but a parser cannot be found, the field falls back to base64 encoding,
+                detectable when the data field is type. (jsonParsed encoding is UNSTABLE).
+            data_slice: (optional) Option to limit the returned account data using the provided `offset`: <usize> and
+                `length`: <usize> fields; only available for "base58" or "base64" encoding.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> pubkeys = [PublicKey("6ZWcsUiWJ63awprYmbZgBQSreqYZ4s6opowP4b7boUdh"), PublicKey("HkcE9sqQAnjJtECiFsqGMNmUho3ptXkapUPAqgZQbBSY")]
+            >>> solana_client.get_multiple_accounts(pubkeys) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {
+                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
+                "result": {
+                    "context": {"slot": 97531946},
+                    "value": [
+                        {
+                            "data": ["", "base64"],
+                            "executable": False,
+                            "lamports": 1,
+                            "owner": "11111111111111111111111111111111",
+                            "rentEpoch": 225,
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "data": ["", "base64"],
+                            "executable": False,
+                            "lamports": 809441127,
+                            "owner": "11111111111111111111111111111111",
+                            "rentEpoch": 225,
+                        },
+                    ],
+                },
+                "id": 1,
+            }
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_multiple_accounts_args(
+            pubkeys=pubkeys, commitment=commitment, encoding=encoding, data_slice=data_slice
+        )
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_program_accounts(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
+        self,
+        pubkey: Union[str, PublicKey],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = Finalized,
+        encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+        data_slice: Optional[types.DataSliceOpts] = None,
+        data_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        memcmp_opts: Optional[List[types.MemcmpOpts]] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all accounts owned by the provided program Pubkey.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of program, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either jsonParsed",
+                "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+            data_slice: (optional) Limit the returned account data using the provided `offset`: <usize> and
+            `   length`: <usize> fields; only available for "base58" or "base64" encoding.
+            data_size: (optional) Option to compare the program account data length with the provided data size.
+            memcmp_opts: (optional) Options to compare a provided series of bytes with program account data at a particular offset.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> memcmp_opts = [
+            ...     MemcmpOpt(offset=4, bytes="3Mc6vR"),
+            ... ]
+            >>> solana_client.get_program_accounts("4Nd1mBQtrMJVYVfKf2PJy9NZUZdTAsp7D4xWLs4gDB4T", data_size=17, memcmp_opts=memcmp_opts) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': "2.0",
+             'result' :[{
+                'account' :{
+                     'data' :'2R9jLfiAQ9bgdcw6h8s44439',
+                     'executable' :false,
+                     'lamports' :15298080,
+                     'owner' :'4Nd1mBQtrMJVYVfKf2PJy9NZUZdTAsp7D4xWLs4gDB4T',
+                     'rentEpoch' :28},
+                'pubkey' :'CxELquR1gPP8wHe33gZ4QxqGB3sZ9RSwsJ2KshVewkFY'}],
+             'id' :1}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_program_accounts_args(
+            pubkey=pubkey,
+            commitment=commitment,
+            encoding=encoding,
+            data_slice=data_slice,
+            data_size=data_size,
+            memcmp_opts=memcmp_opts,
+        )
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_recent_blockhash(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns a recent block hash from the ledger.
+
+        Response also includes a fee schedule that can be used to compute the cost
+        of submitting a transaction using it.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_recent_blockhash() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 1637},
+              'value': {'blockhash': 'EALChog1mXQ9nEgEUQpWAtmA5UueUZvZiL16ZivmR7eb',
+               'feeCalculator': {'lamportsPerSignature': 5000}}},
+             'id': 2}
+        """
+        args = self._get_recent_blockhash_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_signature_statuses(
+        self, signatures: List[Union[str, bytes]], search_transaction_history: bool = False
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the statuses of a list of signatures.
+
+        Unless the `search_transaction_history` configuration parameter is included, this method only
+        searches the recent status cache of signatures, which retains statuses for all active slots plus
+        `MAX_RECENT_BLOCKHASHES` rooted slots.
+
+        Args:
+            signatures: An array of transaction signatures to confirm.
+            search_transaction_history: If true, a Solana node will search its ledger cache for
+                any signatures not found in the recent status cache.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> signatures = [
+            ...     "5VERv8NMvzbJMEkV8xnrLkEaWRtSz9CosKDYjCJjBRnbJLgp8uirBgmQpjKhoR4tjF3ZpRzrFmBV6UjKdiSZkQUW",
+            ...     "5j7s6NiJS3JAkvgkoc18WVAsiSaci2pxB2A6ueCJP4tprA2TFg9wSyTLeYouxPBJEMzJinENTkpA52YStRW5Dia7"]
+            >>> solana_client.get_signature_statuses(signatures) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {
+                'context': {'slot':82},
+                'value': [{
+                    'slot': 72,
+                    'confirmations': 10,
+                    'err': null,
+                    'status': {'Ok': null}}, null]},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_signature_statuses_args(signatures, search_transaction_history)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_slot(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current slot the node is processing.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_slot() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 7515, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_slot_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_slot_leader(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current slot leader.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_slot_leader() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': 'EWj2cuEuVhi7RX81cnAY3TzpyFwnHzzVwvuTyfmxmhs3',
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_slot_leader_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_stake_activation(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], epoch: Optional[int] = None, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns epoch activation information for a stake account.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of stake account to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            epoch: (optional) Epoch for which to calculate activation details. If parameter not provided,
+                defaults to current epoch.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_stake_activation() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0','result': {'active': 124429280, 'inactive': 73287840, 'state': 'activating'}, 'id': 1}}
+        """
+        args = self._get_stake_activation_args(pubkey, epoch, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_supply(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns information about the current supply.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_supply() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 3846},
+              'value': {'circulating': 683635192454157660,
+               'nonCirculating': 316364808037127120,
+               'nonCirculatingAccounts': ['ETfDYz7Cg5p9SDFmdpRerjBN5puKK7xydEBZZGM2V4Ay',
+                '7cKxv6UznFoWRuJkgw5bWj5rp5PiKTcXZeEaLqyd3Bbm',
+                'CV7qh8ZoqeUSTQagosGpkLptXoojf9yCszxkRx1jTD12',
+                'FZ9S7X9jMbCaMyJjRfSoBhFyarUMVwvx7HWRe4LnZHsg',
+                 ...]
+               'total': 1000000000491284780}},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_supply_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_token_account_balance(self, pubkey: Union[str, PublicKey], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None):
+        """Returns the token balance of an SPL Token account (UNSTABLE).
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of Token account to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_token_account_balance("7fUAJdStEuGbc3sM84cKRL6yYaaSstyLSU4ve5oovLS7") # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0','result': {
+                'context': {'slot':1114},
+                'value': {
+                    'uiAmount': 98.64,
+                    'amount': '9864',
+                    'decimals': 2},
+             'id' :1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_token_account_balance_args(pubkey, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_token_accounts_by_delegate(
+        self,
+        delegate: PublicKey,
+        opts: types.TokenAccountOpts,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all SPL Token accounts by approved Delegate (UNSTABLE).
+
+        Args:
+            delegate: Public key of the delegate owner to query.
+            opts: Token account option specifying at least one of `mint` or `program_id`.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+        """
+        args = self._get_token_accounts_by_delegate_args(delegate, opts, commitment)
+        return self.__get_token_accounts(*args)
+
+    def get_token_accounts_by_owner(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        opts: types.TokenAccountOpts,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all SPL Token accounts by token owner (UNSTABLE).
+
+        Args:
+            owner: Public key of the account owner to query.
+            opts: Token account option specifying at least one of `mint` or `program_id`.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+        """
+        args = self._get_token_accounts_by_owner_args(owner, opts, commitment)
+        return self.__get_token_accounts(*args)
+
+    def __get_token_accounts(
+        self,
+        method: types.RPCMethod,
+        pubkey: str,
+        opts: types.TokenAccountOpts,
+        commitment: Commitment,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        args = self._get_token_accounts_args(method, pubkey, opts, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_token_largest_accounts(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the 20 largest accounts of a particular SPL Token type."""
+        args = self._get_token_largest_account_args(pubkey, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_token_supply(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the total supply of an SPL Token type."""
+        args = self._get_token_supply_args(pubkey, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_transaction_count(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current Transaction count from the ledger.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_transaction_count() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 4554, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_transaction_count_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def get_minimum_ledger_slot(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the lowest slot that the node has information about in its ledger.
+
+        This value may increase over time if the node is configured to purge older ledger data.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_minimum_ledger_slot() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1234, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._minimum_ledger_slot)
+
+    def get_version(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current solana versions running on the node.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_version() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': {'solana-core': '1.4.0 5332fcad'}, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._get_version)
+
+    def get_vote_accounts(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None):
+        """Returns the account info and associated stake for all the voting accounts in the current bank.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.get_vote_accounts() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'current': [{'activatedStake': 0,
+                'commission': 100,
+                'epochCredits': [[165, 714644, 707372],
+                 [166, 722092, 714644],
+                 [167, 730285, 722092],
+                 [168, 738476, 730285],
+                 ...]
+                'epochVoteAccount': True,
+                'lastVote': 1872294,
+                'nodePubkey': 'J7v9ndmcoBuo9to2MnHegLnBkC9x3SAVbQBJo5MMJrN1',
+                'rootSlot': 1872263,
+                'votePubkey': 'HiFjzpR7e5Kv2tdU9jtE4FbH1X8Z9Syia3Uadadx18b5'},
+               {'activatedStake': 500029968930560,
+                'commission': 100,
+                'epochCredits': [[165, 1359689, 1351498],
+                 [166, 1367881, 1359689],
+                 [167, 1376073, 1367881],
+                 [168, 1384265, 1376073],
+                 ...],
+                'epochVoteAccount': True,
+                'lastVote': 1872295,
+                'nodePubkey': 'dv1LfzJvDF7S1fBKpFgKoKXK5yoSosmkAdfbxBo1GqJ',
+                'rootSlot': 1872264,
+                'votePubkey': '5MMCR4NbTZqjthjLGywmeT66iwE9J9f7kjtxzJjwfUx2'},
+               {'activatedStake': 0,
+                'commission': 100,
+                'epochCredits': [[227, 2751, 0], [228, 7188, 2751]],
+                'epochVoteAccount': True,
+                'lastVote': 1872295,
+                'nodePubkey': 'H1wDvJ5HJc1SzhHoWtaycpzQpFbsL7g8peaRV3obKShs',
+                'rootSlot': 1872264,
+                'votePubkey': 'DPqpgoLQVU3aq72HEqSMsB9qh4KoXc9fGEpvgEuiwnp6'}],
+              'delinquent': []},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_vote_accounts_args(commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def request_airdrop(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], lamports: int, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Requests an airdrop of lamports to a Pubkey.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of account to receive lamports, as base-58 encoded string or public key object.
+            lamports: Amout of lamports.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.request_airdrop(PublicKey(1), 10000) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': 'uK6gbLbhnTEgjgmwn36D5BRTRkG4AT8r7Q162TLnJzQnHUZVL9r6BYZVfRttrhmkmno6Fp4VQELzL4AiriCo61U',
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._request_airdrop_args(pubkey, lamports, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def send_raw_transaction(self, txn: Union[bytes, str], opts: types.TxOpts = types.TxOpts()) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Send a transaction that has already been signed and serialized into the wire format.
+
+        Args:
+            txn: Fully-signed Transaction object, a fully sign transaction in wire format,
+                or a fully transaction as base-64 encoded string.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+
+        Before submitting, the following preflight checks are performed (unless disabled with the `skip_preflight` option):
+
+            - The transaction signatures are verified.
+
+            - The transaction is simulated against the latest max confirmed bank and on failure an error
+                will be returned. Preflight checks may be disabled if desired.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> full_signed_tx_str = (
+            ...     "AbN5XM+qw+7oOLsFw7goQSLBis7c1kXJFP6OF4w7YmQNhhbQYcyBiybKuOzzhV7McvoRP3Mey9AhXojtwDCdbwoBAAEDE5j2"
+            ...     "LG0aRXxRumpLXz29L2n8qTIWIY3ImX5Ba9F9k8poq0Z3/7HyiU3QphU8Ix1F7ENq5TrmAUnb4V8y5LhwPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"
+            ...     "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAg5YY9wG6fpuieuWYJd1ta7ZtFPbV0OriFRYdcYUaEGkBAgIAAQwCAAAAQEIPAAAAAAA=")
+            >>> solana_client.send_raw_transaction(full_signed_tx_str)  # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': 'CMwyESM2NE74mghfbvsHJDERF7xMYKshwwm6VgH6GFqXzx8LfBFuP5ruccumfhTguha6seUHPpiHzzHUQXzq2kN',
+             'id': 1}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._send_raw_transaction_args(txn, opts)
+
+        resp = self._provider.make_request(*args)
+        if opts.skip_confirmation:
+            return self._post_send(resp)
+        post_send_args = self._send_raw_transaction_post_send_args(resp, opts)
+        return self.__post_send_with_confirm(*post_send_args)
+
+    def send_transaction(
+        self,
+        txn: Transaction,
+        *signers: Keypair,
+        opts: types.TxOpts = types.TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Send a transaction.
+
+        Args:
+            txn: Transaction object.
+            signers: Signers to sign the transaction.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) Pass a valid recent blockhash here if you want to
+                skip fetching the recent blockhash or relying on the cache.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.keypair import Keypair
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> from solana.rpc.api import Client
+            >>> from solana.system_program import TransferParams, transfer
+            >>> from solana.transaction import Transaction
+            >>> sender, receiver = Keypair.from_seed(bytes(PublicKey(1))), Keypair.from_seed(bytes(PublicKey(2)))
+            >>> txn = Transaction().add(transfer(TransferParams(
+            ...     from_pubkey=sender.public_key, to_pubkey=receiver.public_key, lamports=1000)))
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.send_transaction(txn, sender) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': '236zSA5w4NaVuLXXHK1mqiBuBxkNBu84X6cfLBh1v6zjPrLfyECz4zdedofBaZFhs4gdwzSmij9VkaSo2tR5LTgG',
+             'id': 12}
+        """
+        if recent_blockhash is None:
+            if self.blockhash_cache:
+                try:
+                    recent_blockhash = self.blockhash_cache.get()
+                except ValueError:
+                    blockhash_resp = self.get_recent_blockhash(Finalized)
+                    recent_blockhash = self._process_blockhash_resp(blockhash_resp, used_immediately=True)
+            else:
+                blockhash_resp = self.get_recent_blockhash(Finalized)
+                recent_blockhash = self.parse_recent_blockhash(blockhash_resp)
+        txn.recent_blockhash = recent_blockhash
+
+        txn.sign(*signers)
+        txn_resp = self.send_raw_transaction(txn.serialize(), opts=opts)
+        if self.blockhash_cache:
+            blockhash_resp = self.get_recent_blockhash(Finalized)
+            self._process_blockhash_resp(blockhash_resp, used_immediately=False)
+        return txn_resp
+
+    def simulate_transaction(
+        self, txn: Union[bytes, str, Transaction], sig_verify: bool = False, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Simulate sending a transaction.
+
+        Args:
+            txn: A Transaction object, a transaction in wire format, or a transaction as base-64 encoded string
+                The transaction must have a valid blockhash, but is not required to be signed.
+            sig_verify: If true the transaction signatures will be verified (default: false).
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> tx_str = (
+            ...     "4hXTCkRzt9WyecNzV1XPgCDfGAZzQKNxLXgynz5QDuWWPSAZBZSHptvWRL3BjCvzUXRdKvHL2b7yGrRQcWyaqsaBCncVG7BF"
+            ...     "ggS8w9snUts67BSh3EqKpXLUm5UMHfD7ZBe9GhARjbNQMLJ1QD3Spr6oMTBU6EhdB4RD8CP2xUxr2u3d6fos36PD98XS6oX8"
+            ...     "TQjLpsMwncs5DAMiD4nNnR8NBfyghGCWvCVifVwvA8B8TJxE1aiyiv2L429BCWfyzAme5sZW8rDb14NeCQHhZbtNqfXhcp2t"
+            ... )
+            >>> solana_client.simulate_transaction(tx_str)  # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc' :'2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 218},
+             'value': {
+                 'err': null,
+                 'logs': ['BPF program 83astBRguLMdt2h5U1Tpdq5tjFoJ6noeGwaY3mDLVcri success']},
+             'id':1}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._simulate_transaction_args(txn, sig_verify, commitment)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def set_log_filter(self, log_filter: str) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Sets the log filter on the validator.
+
+        Args:
+            log_filter: The new log filter to use.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.set_log_filter("solana_core=debug") # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': None, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._set_log_filter_args(log_filter)
+        return self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    def validator_exit(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Request to have the validator exit.
+
+        Validator must have booted with RPC exit enabled (`--enable-rpc-exit` parameter).
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = Client("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.validator_exit() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': true, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        return self._provider.make_request(self._validator_exit)
+
+    def __post_send_with_confirm(self, resp: types.RPCResponse, conf_comm: Commitment) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        resp = self._post_send(resp)
+        self._provider.logger.info(
+            "Transaction sent to %s. Signature %s: ", self._provider.endpoint_uri, resp["result"]
+        )
+        self.confirm_transaction(resp["result"], conf_comm)
+        return resp
+
+    def confirm_transaction(
+        self, tx_sig: str, commitment: Commitment = Finalized, sleep_seconds: float = 0.5
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Confirm the transaction identified by the specified signature.
+
+        Args:
+            tx_sig: the transaction signature to confirm.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+            sleep_seconds: The number of seconds to sleep when polling the signature status.
+        """
+        timeout = time() + 30
+        while time() < timeout:
+            resp = self.get_signature_statuses([tx_sig])
+            maybe_rpc_error = resp.get("error")
+            if maybe_rpc_error is not None:
+                raise RPCException(maybe_rpc_error)
+            resp_value = resp["result"]["value"][0]
+            if resp_value is not None:
+                confirmation_status = resp_value["confirmationStatus"]
+                confirmation_rank = COMMITMENT_RANKS[confirmation_status]
+                commitment_rank = COMMITMENT_RANKS[commitment]
+                if confirmation_rank >= commitment_rank:
+                    break
+            sleep(sleep_seconds)
+        else:
+            maybe_rpc_error = resp.get("error")
+            if maybe_rpc_error is not None:
+                raise RPCException(maybe_rpc_error)
+            raise UnconfirmedTxError(f"Unable to confirm transaction {tx_sig}")
+        return resp
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/async_api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/async_api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f7c078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/async_api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1373 @@
+"""Async API client to interact with the Solana JSON RPC Endpoint."""  # pylint: disable=too-many-lines
+import asyncio
+from time import time
+from typing import List, Optional, Union
+
+from solana.blockhash import Blockhash, BlockhashCache
+from solana.keypair import Keypair
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.rpc import types
+from solana.transaction import Transaction
+
+from .commitment import COMMITMENT_RANKS, Commitment, Finalized
+from .core import RPCException, UnconfirmedTxError, _ClientCore
+from .providers import async_http
+
+
+class AsyncClient(_ClientCore):  # pylint: disable=too-many-public-methods
+    """Async client class.
+
+    Args:
+        endpoint: URL of the RPC endpoint.
+        commitment: Default bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+        blockhash_cache: (Experimental) If True, keep a cache of recent blockhashes to make
+            `send_transaction` calls faster.
+            You can also pass your own BlockhashCache object to customize its parameters.
+
+            The cache works as follows:
+
+            1.  Retrieve the oldest unused cached blockhash that is younger than `ttl` seconds,
+                where `ttl` is defined in the BlockhashCache (we prefer unused blockhashes because
+                reusing blockhashes can cause errors in some edge cases, and we prefer slightly
+                older blockhashes because they're more likely to be accepted by every validator).
+            2.  If there are no unused blockhashes in the cache, take the oldest used
+                blockhash that is younger than `ttl` seconds.
+            3.  Fetch a new recent blockhash *after* sending the transaction. This is to keep the cache up-to-date.
+
+            If you want something tailored to your use case, run your own loop that fetches the recent blockhash,
+            and pass that value in your `.send_transaction` calls.
+        timeout: HTTP request timeout in seconds.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        endpoint: Optional[str] = None,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        blockhash_cache: Union[BlockhashCache, bool] = False,
+        timeout: float = 10,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Init API client."""
+        super().__init__(commitment, blockhash_cache)
+        self._provider = async_http.AsyncHTTPProvider(endpoint, timeout=timeout)
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> "AsyncClient":
+        """Use as a context manager."""
+        await self._provider.__aenter__()
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, _exc_type, _exc, _tb):
+        """Exits the context manager."""
+        await self.close()
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        """Use this when you are done with the client."""
+        await self._provider.close()
+
+    async def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        """Health check.
+
+        >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+        >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.is_connected()) # doctest: +SKIP
+        True
+
+        Returns:
+            True if the client is connected.
+        """
+        return await self._provider.is_connected()
+
+    async def get_balance(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the balance of the account of provided Pubkey.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of account to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_balance(PublicKey(1))) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': {'context': {'slot': 228}, 'value': 0}, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_balance_args(pubkey, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_account_info(
+        self,
+        pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: str = "base64",
+        data_slice: Optional[types.DataSliceOpts] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all the account info for the specified public key.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of account to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for Account data, either "base58" (slow), "base64", or
+                "jsonParsed". Default is "base64".
+
+                - "base58" is limited to Account data of less than 128 bytes.
+                - "base64" will return base64 encoded data for Account data of any size.
+                - "jsonParsed" encoding attempts to use program-specific state parsers to return more human-readable and explicit account state data.
+
+                If jsonParsed is requested but a parser cannot be found, the field falls back to base64 encoding,
+                detectable when the data field is type. (jsonParsed encoding is UNSTABLE).
+            data_slice: (optional) Option to limit the returned account data using the provided `offset`: <usize> and
+                `length`: <usize> fields; only available for "base58" or "base64" encoding.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_account_info(PublicKey(1))) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 33265073},
+              'value': {'data': '',
+               'executable': False,
+               'lamports': 4459816188034584,
+               'owner': '11111111111111111111111111111111',
+               'rentEpoch': 90}},
+             'id': 1}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_account_info_args(
+            pubkey=pubkey, commitment=commitment, encoding=encoding, data_slice=data_slice
+        )
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_block_commitment(self, slot: int) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Fetch the commitment for particular block.
+
+        Args:
+            slot: Block, identified by Slot.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_block_commitment(0)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'commitment': [0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               0,
+               497717120],
+              'totalStake': 497717120},
+              'id': 1}}
+        """
+        args = self._get_block_commitment_args(slot)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_block_time(self, slot: int) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Fetch the estimated production time of a block.
+
+        Args:
+            slot: Block, identified by Slot.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_block_time(5)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1598400007, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_block_time_args(slot)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_cluster_nodes(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns information about all the nodes participating in the cluster.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_cluster_nodes()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': [{'gossip': '127.0.0.1:8001',
+               'pubkey': 'LjvEBM78ufAikBfxqtj4RNiAECUi7Xqtz9k3QM3DzPk',
+               'rpc': '127.0.0.1:8899',
+               'tpu': '127.0.0.1:8003',
+               'version': '1.4.0 5332fcad'}],
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._get_cluster_nodes)
+
+    async def get_confirmed_block(
+        self,
+        slot: int,
+        encoding: str = "json",
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns identity and transaction information about a confirmed block in the ledger.
+
+        Args:
+            slot: Slot, as u64 integer.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either "json", "jsonParsed",
+                    "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_confirmed_block(1)O # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'blockTime': None,
+              'blockhash': '39pJzWsPn59k2PuHqhB7xNYBNGFXcFVkXLertHPBV4Tj',
+              'parentSlot': 0,
+              'previousBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+              'rewards': [],
+              'transactions': [{'meta': {'err': None,
+                 'fee': 0,
+                 'postBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'preBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'status': {'Ok': None}},
+                'transaction': {'message': {'accountKeys': ['LjvEBM78ufAikBfxqtj4RNiAECUi7Xqtz9k3QM3DzPk',
+                   'EKAar3bMQUZvGSonq7vcPF2nPaCYowbnat44FPafW8Po',
+                   'SysvarS1otHashes111111111111111111111111111',
+                   'SysvarC1ock11111111111111111111111111111111',
+                   'Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111'],
+                  'header': {'numReadonlySignedAccounts': 0,
+                   'numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts': 3,
+                   'numRequiredSignatures': 1},
+                  'instructions': [{'accounts': [1, 2, 3, 0],
+                    'data': '37u9WtQpcm6ULa3VmTgTKEBCtYMxq84mk82tRvKdFEwj3rALiptAzuMJ1yoVSFAMARMZYp7q',
+                    'programIdIndex': 4}],
+                  'recentBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2'},
+                 'signatures': ['63jnpMCs7TNnCjnTqUrX7Mvqc5CbJMtVkLxBjPHUQkjXyZrQuZpfhjvzA7A29D9tMqVaiQC3UNP1NeaZKFFHJyQE']}}]},
+             'id': 9}
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_confirmed_block(1, encoding="base64")) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'blockTime': None,
+              'blockhash': '39pJzWsPn59k2PuHqhB7xNYBNGFXcFVkXLertHPBV4Tj',
+              'parentSlot': 0,
+              'previousBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+              'rewards': [],
+              'transactions': [{'meta': {'err': None,
+                 'fee': 0,
+                 'postBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'preBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'status': {'Ok': None}},
+                'transaction': ['AfxyKHmHIjXWjkyHODGeAbVxmfQWPj1ydS9nF+ynJHo8I1vCPDp2P9Cj5aA6W1CAHEHCqY0B1FDKomCzRo3qrAsBAAMFBQ6QBWfhQF7rG02xhuEsmmrUtz3AUjBtJKkqaHPJEmvFzziDX0C0robPrl9RbOyXHoc9/Dxa0zoGL6cEjvCjLgan1RcZLwqvxvJl4/t3zHragsUp0L47E24tAFUgAAAABqfVFxjHdMkoVmOYaR1etoteuKObS21cc1VbIQAAAAAHYUgdNXR0u3xNdiTr072z2DVec9EQQ/wNo1OAAAAAAM8NSv7ISDPN9E9XNL9vX7h8LuJHWlopUcX39DxsDx23AQQEAQIDADUCAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIWWp5Il3Kg312pzVk6Jt61iyFhTbtmkh/ORbj3JUQRbAA==',
+                 'base64']}]},
+             'id': 10}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_confirmed_block_args(slot, encoding)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_block(
+        self,
+        slot: int,
+        encoding: str = "json",
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns identity and transaction information about a confirmed block in the ledger.
+
+        Args:
+            slot: Slot, as u64 integer.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either "json", "jsonParsed",
+                "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_block(1)O # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'blockTime': None, 'blockHeight': 0,
+              'blockhash': '39pJzWsPn59k2PuHqhB7xNYBNGFXcFVkXLertHPBV4Tj',
+              'parentSlot': 0,
+              'previousBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+              'rewards': [],
+              'transactions': [{'meta': {'err': None,
+                 'fee': 0,
+                 'postBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'preBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'status': {'Ok': None}},
+                'transaction': {'message': {'accountKeys': ['LjvEBM78ufAikBfxqtj4RNiAECUi7Xqtz9k3QM3DzPk',
+                   'EKAar3bMQUZvGSonq7vcPF2nPaCYowbnat44FPafW8Po',
+                   'SysvarS1otHashes111111111111111111111111111',
+                   'SysvarC1ock11111111111111111111111111111111',
+                   'Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111'],
+                  'header': {'numReadonlySignedAccounts': 0,
+                   'numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts': 3,
+                   'numRequiredSignatures': 1},
+                  'instructions': [{'accounts': [1, 2, 3, 0],
+                    'data': '37u9WtQpcm6ULa3VmTgTKEBCtYMxq84mk82tRvKdFEwj3rALiptAzuMJ1yoVSFAMARMZYp7q',
+                    'programIdIndex': 4}],
+                  'recentBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2'},
+                 'signatures': ['63jnpMCs7TNnCjnTqUrX7Mvqc5CbJMtVkLxBjPHUQkjXyZrQuZpfhjvzA7A29D9tMqVaiQC3UNP1NeaZKFFHJyQE']}}]},
+             'id': 9}
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_block(1, encoding="base64")) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'blockTime': None, 'blockHeight': 0,
+              'blockhash': '39pJzWsPn59k2PuHqhB7xNYBNGFXcFVkXLertHPBV4Tj',
+              'parentSlot': 0,
+              'previousBlockhash': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+              'rewards': [],
+              'transactions': [{'meta': {'err': None,
+                 'fee': 0,
+                 'postBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'preBalances': [500000000000, 26858640, 1, 1, 1],
+                 'status': {'Ok': None}},
+                'transaction': ['AfxyKHmHIjXWjkyHODGeAbVxmfQWPj1ydS9nF+ynJHo8I1vCPDp2P9Cj5aA6W1CAHEHCqY0B1FDKomCzRo3qrAsBAAMFBQ6QBWfhQF7rG02xhuEsmmrUtz3AUjBtJKkqaHPJEmvFzziDX0C0robPrl9RbOyXHoc9/Dxa0zoGL6cEjvCjLgan1RcZLwqvxvJl4/t3zHragsUp0L47E24tAFUgAAAABqfVFxjHdMkoVmOYaR1etoteuKObS21cc1VbIQAAAAAHYUgdNXR0u3xNdiTr072z2DVec9EQQ/wNo1OAAAAAAM8NSv7ISDPN9E9XNL9vX7h8LuJHWlopUcX39DxsDx23AQQEAQIDADUCAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIWWp5Il3Kg312pzVk6Jt61iyFhTbtmkh/ORbj3JUQRbAA==',
+                 'base64']}]},
+             'id': 10}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_block_args(slot, encoding)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_block_height(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current block height of the node.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_block_height()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1233, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_block_height_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_confirmed_blocks(self, start_slot: int, end_slot: Optional[int] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns a list of confirmed blocks.
+
+        Args:
+            start_slot: Start slot, as u64 integer.
+            end_slot: (optional) End slot, as u64 integer.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_confirmed_blocks(5, 10)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_confirmed_blocks_args(start_slot, end_slot)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_blocks(self, start_slot: int, end_slot: Optional[int] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns a list of confirmed blocks.
+
+        Args:
+            start_slot: Start slot, as u64 integer.
+            end_slot: (optional) End slot, as u64 integer.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_blocks(5, 10)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_blocks_args(start_slot, end_slot)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_confirmed_signature_for_address2(
+        self,
+        account: Union[str, Keypair, PublicKey],
+        before: Optional[str] = None,
+        until: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns confirmed signatures for transactions involving an address.
+
+        Signatures are returned backwards in time from the provided signature or
+        most recent confirmed block.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to be queried.
+            before: (optional) Start searching backwards from this transaction signature.
+                If not provided the search starts from the top of the highest max confirmed block.
+            until: (optional) Search until this transaction signature, if found before limit reached.
+            limit: (optoinal) Maximum transaction signatures to return (between 1 and 1,000, default: 1,000).
+            commitment: (optional) Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_confirmed_signature_for_address2("Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111", limit=1)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': [{'err': None,
+               'memo': None,
+               'signature': 'v1BK8XcaPBzAGd7TB1K53pMdi6TBGe5CLCgx8cmZ4Bj63ZNvA6ca2QaxFpBFdvmpoFQ51VorBjifkBGLTDhwpqN',
+               'slot': 4290}],
+             'id': 2}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_confirmed_signature_for_address2_args(account, before, until, limit, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_signatures_for_address(
+        self,
+        account: Union[str, Keypair, PublicKey],
+        before: Optional[str] = None,
+        until: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns confirmed signatures for transactions involving an address.
+
+        Signatures are returned backwards in time from the provided signature or
+        most recent confirmed block.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to be queried.
+            before: (optional) Start searching backwards from this transaction signature.
+                If not provided the search starts from the top of the highest max confirmed block.
+            until: (optional) Search until this transaction signature, if found before limit reached.
+            limit: (optional) Maximum transaction signatures to return (between 1 and 1,000, default: 1,000).
+            commitment: (optional) Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_signatures_for_address("Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111", limit=1)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': [{'err': None,
+               'memo': None,
+               'signature': 'v1BK8XcaPBzAGd7TB1K53pMdi6TBGe5CLCgx8cmZ4Bj63ZNvA6ca2QaxFpBFdvmpoFQ51VorBjifkBGLTDhwpqN',
+               'slot': 4290}],
+             'id': 2}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_signatures_for_address_args(account, before, until, limit, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_confirmed_transaction(self, tx_sig: str, encoding: str = "json") -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns transaction details for a confirmed transaction.
+
+        Args:
+            tx_sig: Transaction signature as base-58 encoded string N encoding attempts to use program-specific
+                instruction parsers to return more human-readable and explicit data in the
+                `transaction.message.instructions` list.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either "json", "jsonParsed",
+                "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_confirmed_transaction("3PtGYH77LhhQqTXP4SmDVJ85hmDieWsgXCUbn14v7gYyVYPjZzygUQhTk3bSTYnfA48vCM1rmWY7zWL3j1EVKmEy")) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'meta': {'err': None,
+               'fee': 5000,
+               'postBalances': [498449233720610510, 1000001001987940, 1],
+               'preBalances': [498449233721615510, 1000001000987940, 1],
+               'status': {'Ok': None}},
+              'slot': 1659335,
+              'transaction': {'message': {'accountKeys': ['9B5XszUGdMaxCZ7uSQhPzdks5ZQSmWxrmzCSvtJ6Ns6g',
+                 '2KW2XRd9kwqet15Aha2oK3tYvd3nWbTFH1MBiRAv1BE1',
+                 '11111111111111111111111111111111'],
+                'header': {'numReadonlySignedAccounts': 0,
+                 'numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts': 1,
+                 'numRequiredSignatures': 1},
+                'instructions': [{'accounts': [0, 1],
+                  'data': '3Bxs4Bc3VYuGVB19',
+                  'programIdIndex': 2}],
+                'recentBlockhash': 'FwcsKNptGtMLccXAA9YgnivVFK95mKzECLT1DNPi3SDr'},
+               'signatures': ['3PtGYH77LhhQqTXP4SmDVJ85hmDieWsgXCUbn14v7gYyVYPjZzygUQhTk3bSTYnfA48vCM1rmWY7zWL3j1EVKmEy']}},
+             'id': 4}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_confirmed_transaction_args(tx_sig, encoding)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_transaction(self, tx_sig: str, encoding: str = "json") -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns transaction details for a confirmed transaction.
+
+        Args:
+            tx_sig: Transaction signature as base-58 encoded string N encoding attempts to use program-specific
+                instruction parsers to return more human-readable and explicit data in the
+                `transaction.message.instructions` list.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either "json", "jsonParsed",
+                "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_transaction("3PtGYH77LhhQqTXP4SmDVJ85hmDieWsgXCUbn14v7gYyVYPjZzygUQhTk3bSTYnfA48vCM1rmWY7zWL3j1EVKmEy")) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'meta': {'err': None,
+               'fee': 5000, 'rewards': [],
+               'postBalances': [498449233720610510, 1000001001987940, 1],
+               'preBalances': [498449233721615510, 1000001000987940, 1],
+               'status': {'Ok': None}},
+              'slot': 1659335,
+              'transaction': {'message': {'accountKeys': ['9B5XszUGdMaxCZ7uSQhPzdks5ZQSmWxrmzCSvtJ6Ns6g',
+                 '2KW2XRd9kwqet15Aha2oK3tYvd3nWbTFH1MBiRAv1BE1',
+                 '11111111111111111111111111111111'],
+                'header': {'numReadonlySignedAccounts': 0,
+                 'numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts': 1,
+                 'numRequiredSignatures': 1},
+                'instructions': [{'accounts': [0, 1],
+                  'data': '3Bxs4Bc3VYuGVB19',
+                  'programIdIndex': 2}],
+                'recentBlockhash': 'FwcsKNptGtMLccXAA9YgnivVFK95mKzECLT1DNPi3SDr'},
+               'signatures': ['3PtGYH77LhhQqTXP4SmDVJ85hmDieWsgXCUbn14v7gYyVYPjZzygUQhTk3bSTYnfA48vCM1rmWY7zWL3j1EVKmEy']}},
+             'id': 4}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_transaction_args(tx_sig, encoding)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_epoch_info(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns information about the current epoch.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_epoch_info()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'absoluteSlot': 5150,
+              'blockHeight': 5150,
+              'epoch': 0,
+              'slotIndex': 5150,
+              'slotsInEpoch': 8192},
+             'id': 5}
+        """
+        args = self._get_epoch_info_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_epoch_schedule(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns epoch schedule information from this cluster's genesis config.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_epoch_schedule()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'firstNormalEpoch': 0,
+              'firstNormalSlot': 0,
+              'leaderScheduleSlotOffset': 8192,
+              'slotsPerEpoch': 8192,
+              'warmup': False},
+             'id': 6}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._get_epoch_schedule)
+
+    async def get_fee_calculator_for_blockhash(
+        self, blockhash: Union[str, Blockhash], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the fee calculator associated with the query blockhash, or null if the blockhash has expired.
+
+        Args:
+            blockhash: Blockhash to query as a Base58 encoded string.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_fee_calculator_for_blockhash("BaQSR194dC4dZaRxATtxYyEwDkk7VgqUY8NVNkub8HFZ")) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 7065},
+              'value': {'feeCalculator': {'lamportsPerSignature': 5000}}},
+             'id': 4}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_fee_calculator_for_blockhash_args(blockhash, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_fee_rate_governor(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Return the fee rate governor information from the root bank.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_fee_rate_governor()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 7172},
+              'value': {'feeRateGovernor': {'burnPercent': 50,
+                'maxLamportsPerSignature': 100000,
+                'minLamportsPerSignature': 5000,
+                'targetLamportsPerSignature': 10000,
+                'targetSignaturesPerSlot': 20000}}},
+             'id': 5}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._get_fee_rate_governor)
+
+    async def get_fees(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns a recent block hash from the ledger, a fee schedule and the last slot the blockhash will be valid.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_fees()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 7727},
+              'value': {'blockhash': 'GGS6AEDqjF5irU6D6VQNherEZ2hckGaeBiVdfSZKg4gd',
+               'feeCalculator': {'lamportsPerSignature': 5000},
+               'lastValidSlot': 8027}},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_fees_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_first_available_block(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the slot of the lowest confirmed block that has not been purged from the ledger.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_fees()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1, 'id': 2}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._get_first_available_block)
+
+    async def get_genesis_hash(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the genesis hash.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_genesis_hash()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': 'EwF9gtehrrvPUoNticgmiEadAWzn4XeN8bNaNVBkS6S2',
+             'id': 3}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._get_genesis_hash)
+
+    async def get_identity(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the identity pubkey for the current node.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_identity()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'identity': 'LjvEBM78ufAikBfxqtj4RNiAECUi7Xqtz9k3QM3DzPk'},
+             'id': 4}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._get_identity)
+
+    async def get_inflation_governor(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current inflation governor.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_inflation_governor()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'foundation': 0.05,
+              'foundationTerm': 7.0,
+              'initial': 0.15,
+              'taper': 0.15,
+              'terminal': 0.015},
+             'id': 5}
+        """
+        args = self._get_inflation_governor_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_inflation_rate(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the specific inflation values for the current epoch.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_inflation_rate()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'epoch': 1,
+              'foundation': 0.007499746885736559,
+              'total': 0.14999493771473116,
+              'validator': 0.1424951908289946},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._get_inflation_rate)
+
+    async def get_largest_accounts(
+        self, filter_opt: Optional[str] = None, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the 20 largest accounts, by lamport balance.
+
+        Args:
+            filter_opt: Filter results by account type; currently supported: circulating|nonCirculating.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_largest_accounts()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 8890},
+              'value': [{'address': '95L7AsBCLRsqghsi6ksZkzjNbs6rqDgHCzKaGZ7bJi75',
+                'lamports': 500000000000000000},
+               {'address': 'APnSR52EC1eH676m7qTBHUJ1nrGpHYpV7XKPxgRDD8gX',
+                'lamports': 164511033098290000},
+               {'address': '13LeFbG6m2EP1fqCj9k66fcXsoTHMMtgr7c78AivUrYD',
+                'lamports': 153333632446109120},
+               {'address': 'GK2zqSsXLA2rwVZk347RYhh6jJpRsCA69FjLW93ZGi3B',
+                'lamports': 57499999036109120},
+               {'address': '8HVqyX9jebh31Q9Hp8t5sMVJs665979ZeEr3eCfzitUe',
+                'lamports': 30301031036109120},
+               {'address': 'HbZ5FfmKWNHC7uwk6TF1hVi6TCs7dtYfdjEcuPGgzFAg',
+                'lamports': 14999999036109120},
+               {'address': '14FUT96s9swbmH7ZjpDvfEDywnAYy9zaNhv4xvezySGu',
+                'lamports': 4999999036109120},
+               {'address': '9huDUZfxoJ7wGMTffUE7vh1xePqef7gyrLJu9NApncqA',
+                'lamports': 4999999036109120},
+               {'address': 'C7C8odR8oashR5Feyrq2tJKaXL18id1dSj2zbkDGL2C2',
+                'lamports': 4999999036109120},
+               {'address': 'AYgECURrvuX6GtFe4tX7aAj87Xc5r5Znx96ntNk1nCv',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'AogcwQ1ubM76EPMhSD5cw1ES4W5econvQCFmBL6nTW1',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'gWgqQ4udVxE3uNxRHEwvftTHwpEmPHAd8JR9UzaHbR2',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '3D91zLQPRLamwJfGR5ZYMKQb4C18gsJNaSdmB6b2wLhw',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '3bHbMa5VW3np5AJazuacidrN4xPZgwhcXigmjwHmBg5e',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '4U3RFq7X5kLG6tZ9kcksFL8oXeGNjtuUN1YfkVKXbs5x',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '5cBVGBKY6kBaiTVmsQpxThJ2oqitBYuCAX9Zm2zMuV4y',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': '8PjJTv657aeN9p5R2WoM6pPSz385chvTTytUWaEjSjkq',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'AHB94zKUASftTdqgdfiDSdnPJHkEFp7zX3yMrcSxABsv',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'Hc36Wh1ZqYGzGAnsJWNT9r2gY3h9n89uDpxZPsmEsiE3',
+                'lamports': 2499999518054560},
+               {'address': 'GxyRKP2eVKACaSSnso4VLSAjZKmHsFXHWUfS3A5CtiMA',
+                'lamports': 1940147018054560}]},
+             'id': 2}
+        """
+        args = self._get_largest_accounts_args(filter_opt, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_leader_schedule(
+        self, epoch: Optional[int] = None, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the leader schedule for an epoch.
+
+        Args:
+            epoch: Fetch the leader schedule for the epoch that corresponds to the provided slot.
+                If unspecified, the leader schedule for the current epoch is fetched.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_leader_schedule()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'EWj2cuEuVhi7RX81cnAY3TzpyFwnHzzVwvuTyfmxmhs3': [0,
+               1,
+               2,
+               3,
+               4,
+               5,
+               ...]},
+             'id': 6}
+        """
+        args = self._get_leader_schedule_args(epoch, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(
+        self, usize: int, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns minimum balance required to make account rent exempt.
+
+        Args:
+            usize: Account data length.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(50)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1238880, 'id': 7}
+        """
+        args = self._get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption_args(usize, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_multiple_accounts(
+        self,
+        pubkeys: List[Union[PublicKey, str]],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: str = "base64",
+        data_slice: Optional[types.DataSliceOpts] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all the account info for a list of public keys.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkeys: list of Pubkeys to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for Account data, either "base58" (slow), "base64", or
+                "jsonParsed". Default is "base64".
+
+                - "base58" is limited to Account data of less than 128 bytes.
+                - "base64" will return base64 encoded data for Account data of any size.
+                - "jsonParsed" encoding attempts to use program-specific state parsers to return more human-readable and explicit account state data.
+
+                If jsonParsed is requested but a parser cannot be found, the field falls back to base64 encoding,
+                detectable when the data field is type. (jsonParsed encoding is UNSTABLE).
+            data_slice: (optional) Option to limit the returned account data using the provided `offset`: <usize> and
+                `length`: <usize> fields; only available for "base58" or "base64" encoding.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> pubkeys = [PublicKey("6ZWcsUiWJ63awprYmbZgBQSreqYZ4s6opowP4b7boUdh"), PublicKey("HkcE9sqQAnjJtECiFsqGMNmUho3ptXkapUPAqgZQbBSY")]
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_multiple_accounts(pubkeys)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {
+                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
+                "result": {
+                    "context": {"slot": 97531946},
+                    "value": [
+                        {
+                            "data": ["", "base64"],
+                            "executable": False,
+                            "lamports": 1,
+                            "owner": "11111111111111111111111111111111",
+                            "rentEpoch": 225,
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "data": ["", "base64"],
+                            "executable": False,
+                            "lamports": 809441127,
+                            "owner": "11111111111111111111111111111111",
+                            "rentEpoch": 225,
+                        },
+                    ],
+                },
+                "id": 1,
+            }
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_multiple_accounts_args(
+            pubkeys=pubkeys, commitment=commitment, encoding=encoding, data_slice=data_slice
+        )
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_program_accounts(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
+        self,
+        pubkey: Union[str, PublicKey],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = Finalized,
+        encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+        data_slice: Optional[types.DataSliceOpts] = None,
+        data_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        memcmp_opts: Optional[List[types.MemcmpOpts]] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all accounts owned by the provided program Pubkey.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of program, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for the returned Transaction, either jsonParsed",
+                "base58" (slow), or "base64". If parameter not provided, the default encoding is JSON.
+            data_slice: (optional) Limit the returned account data using the provided `offset`: <usize> and
+                `length`: <usize> fields; only available for "base58" or "base64" encoding.
+            data_size: (optional) Option to compare the program account data length with the provided data size.
+            memcmp_opts: (optional) Options to compare a provided series of bytes with program account data at a particular offset.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> memcmp_opts = [
+            ...     types.MemcmpOpts(offset=4, bytes="3Mc6vR"),
+            ... ]
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_program_accounts("4Nd1mBQtrMJVYVfKf2PJy9NZUZdTAsp7D4xWLs4gDB4T", data_size=17, memcmp_opts=memcmp_opts)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': "2.0",
+             'result' :[{
+                'account' :{
+                     'data' :'2R9jLfiAQ9bgdcw6h8s44439',
+                     'executable' :false,
+                     'lamports' :15298080,
+                     'owner' :'4Nd1mBQtrMJVYVfKf2PJy9NZUZdTAsp7D4xWLs4gDB4T',
+                     'rentEpoch' :28},
+                'pubkey' :'CxELquR1gPP8wHe33gZ4QxqGB3sZ9RSwsJ2KshVewkFY'}],
+             'id' :1}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._get_program_accounts_args(
+            pubkey=pubkey,
+            commitment=commitment,
+            encoding=encoding,
+            data_slice=data_slice,
+            data_size=data_size,
+            memcmp_opts=memcmp_opts,
+        )
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_recent_blockhash(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns a recent block hash from the ledger.
+
+        Response also includes a fee schedule that can be used to compute the cost
+        of submitting a transaction using it.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_recent_blockhash()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 1637},
+              'value': {'blockhash': 'EALChog1mXQ9nEgEUQpWAtmA5UueUZvZiL16ZivmR7eb',
+               'feeCalculator': {'lamportsPerSignature': 5000}}},
+             'id': 2}
+        """
+        args = self._get_recent_blockhash_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_signature_statuses(
+        self, signatures: List[Union[str, bytes]], search_transaction_history: bool = False
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the statuses of a list of signatures.
+
+        Unless the `search_transaction_history` configuration parameter is included, this method only
+        searches the recent status cache of signatures, which retains statuses for all active slots plus
+        `MAX_RECENT_BLOCKHASHES` rooted slots.
+
+        Args:
+            signatures: An array of transaction signatures to confirm.
+            search_transaction_history: If true, a Solana node will search its ledger cache for
+                any signatures not found in the recent status cache.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> signatures = [
+            ...     "5VERv8NMvzbJMEkV8xnrLkEaWRtSz9CosKDYjCJjBRnbJLgp8uirBgmQpjKhoR4tjF3ZpRzrFmBV6UjKdiSZkQUW",
+            ...     "5j7s6NiJS3JAkvgkoc18WVAsiSaci2pxB2A6ueCJP4tprA2TFg9wSyTLeYouxPBJEMzJinENTkpA52YStRW5Dia7"]
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_signature_statuses(signatures)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {
+                'context': {'slot':82},
+                'value': [{
+                    'slot': 72,
+                    'confirmations': 10,
+                    'err': null,
+                    'status': {'Ok': null}}, null]},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_signature_statuses_args(signatures, search_transaction_history)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_slot(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current slot the node is processing.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_slot()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 7515, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_slot_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_slot_leader(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current slot leader.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_slot_leader()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': 'EWj2cuEuVhi7RX81cnAY3TzpyFwnHzzVwvuTyfmxmhs3',
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_slot_leader_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_stake_activation(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], epoch: Optional[int] = None, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns epoch activation information for a stake account.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of stake account to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            epoch: (optional) Epoch for which to calculate activation details. If parameter not provided,
+                defaults to current epoch.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_stake_activation()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0','result': {'active': 124429280, 'inactive': 73287840, 'state': 'activating'}, 'id': 1}}
+        """
+        args = self._get_stake_activation_args(pubkey, epoch, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_supply(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns information about the current supply.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_supply()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 3846},
+              'value': {'circulating': 683635192454157660,
+               'nonCirculating': 316364808037127120,
+               'nonCirculatingAccounts': ['ETfDYz7Cg5p9SDFmdpRerjBN5puKK7xydEBZZGM2V4Ay',
+                '7cKxv6UznFoWRuJkgw5bWj5rp5PiKTcXZeEaLqyd3Bbm',
+                'CV7qh8ZoqeUSTQagosGpkLptXoojf9yCszxkRx1jTD12',
+                'FZ9S7X9jMbCaMyJjRfSoBhFyarUMVwvx7HWRe4LnZHsg',
+                 ...]
+               'total': 1000000000491284780}},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_supply_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_token_account_balance(self, pubkey: Union[str, PublicKey], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None):
+        """Returns the token balance of an SPL Token account (UNSTABLE).
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of Token account to query, as base-58 encoded string or PublicKey object.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_token_account_balance("7fUAJdStEuGbc3sM84cKRL6yYaaSstyLSU4ve5oovLS7"))  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0','result': {
+                'context': {'slot':1114},
+                'value': {
+                    'uiAmount': 98.64,
+                    'amount': '9864',
+                    'decimals': 2},
+             'id' :1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_token_account_balance_args(pubkey, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_token_accounts_by_delegate(
+        self,
+        delegate: PublicKey,
+        opts: types.TokenAccountOpts,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all SPL Token accounts by approved Delegate (UNSTABLE).
+
+        Args:
+            delegate: Public key of the delegate owner to query.
+            opts: Token account option specifying at least one of `mint` or `program_id`.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+        """
+        args = self._get_token_accounts_by_delegate_args(delegate, opts, commitment)
+        return await self.__get_token_accounts(*args)
+
+    async def get_token_accounts_by_owner(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        opts: types.TokenAccountOpts,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns all SPL Token accounts by token owner (UNSTABLE).
+
+        Args:
+            owner: Public key of the account owner to query.
+            opts: Token account option specifying at least one of `mint` or `program_id`.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+        """
+        args = self._get_token_accounts_by_owner_args(owner, opts, commitment)
+        return await self.__get_token_accounts(*args)
+
+    async def __get_token_accounts(
+        self,
+        method: types.RPCMethod,
+        pubkey: str,
+        opts: types.TokenAccountOpts,
+        commitment: Commitment,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        args = self._get_token_accounts_args(method, pubkey, opts, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_token_largest_accounts(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the 20 largest accounts of a particular SPL Token type."""
+        args = self._get_token_largest_account_args(pubkey, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_token_supply(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the total supply of an SPL Token type."""
+        args = self._get_token_supply_args(pubkey, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_transaction_count(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current Transaction count from the ledger.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_transaction_count()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 4554, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_transaction_count_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def get_minimum_ledger_slot(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the lowest slot that the node has information about in its ledger.
+
+        This value may increase over time if the node is configured to purge older ledger data.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_minimum_ledger_slot()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': 1234, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._minimum_ledger_slot)
+
+    async def get_version(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Returns the current solana versions running on the node.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_version()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': {'solana-core': '1.4.0 5332fcad'}, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._get_version)
+
+    async def get_vote_accounts(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None):
+        """Returns the account info and associated stake for all the voting accounts in the current bank.
+
+        Args:
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.get_vote_accounts()) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': {'current': [{'activatedStake': 0,
+                'commission': 100,
+                'epochCredits': [[165, 714644, 707372],
+                 [166, 722092, 714644],
+                 [167, 730285, 722092],
+                 [168, 738476, 730285],
+                 ...]
+                'epochVoteAccount': True,
+                'lastVote': 1872294,
+                'nodePubkey': 'J7v9ndmcoBuo9to2MnHegLnBkC9x3SAVbQBJo5MMJrN1',
+                'rootSlot': 1872263,
+                'votePubkey': 'HiFjzpR7e5Kv2tdU9jtE4FbH1X8Z9Syia3Uadadx18b5'},
+               {'activatedStake': 500029968930560,
+                'commission': 100,
+                'epochCredits': [[165, 1359689, 1351498],
+                 [166, 1367881, 1359689],
+                 [167, 1376073, 1367881],
+                 [168, 1384265, 1376073],
+                 ...],
+                'epochVoteAccount': True,
+                'lastVote': 1872295,
+                'nodePubkey': 'dv1LfzJvDF7S1fBKpFgKoKXK5yoSosmkAdfbxBo1GqJ',
+                'rootSlot': 1872264,
+                'votePubkey': '5MMCR4NbTZqjthjLGywmeT66iwE9J9f7kjtxzJjwfUx2'},
+               {'activatedStake': 0,
+                'commission': 100,
+                'epochCredits': [[227, 2751, 0], [228, 7188, 2751]],
+                'epochVoteAccount': True,
+                'lastVote': 1872295,
+                'nodePubkey': 'H1wDvJ5HJc1SzhHoWtaycpzQpFbsL7g8peaRV3obKShs',
+                'rootSlot': 1872264,
+                'votePubkey': 'DPqpgoLQVU3aq72HEqSMsB9qh4KoXc9fGEpvgEuiwnp6'}],
+              'delinquent': []},
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._get_vote_accounts_args(commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def request_airdrop(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], lamports: int, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Requests an airdrop of lamports to a Pubkey.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Pubkey of account to receive lamports, as base-58 encoded string or public key object.
+            lamports: Amount of lamports.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.request_airdrop(PublicKey(1), 10000)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': 'uK6gbLbhnTEgjgmwn36D5BRTRkG4AT8r7Q162TLnJzQnHUZVL9r6BYZVfRttrhmkmno6Fp4VQELzL4AiriCo61U',
+             'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._request_airdrop_args(pubkey, lamports, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def send_raw_transaction(
+        self, txn: Union[bytes, str], opts: types.TxOpts = types.TxOpts()
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Send a transaction that has already been signed and serialized into the wire format.
+
+        Args:
+            txn: Fully-signed Transaction object, a fully sign transaction in wire format,
+                or a fully transaction as base-64 encoded string.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+
+        Before submitting, the following preflight checks are performed (unless disabled with the `skip_preflight` option):
+
+            - The transaction signatures are verified.
+
+            - The transaction is simulated against the latest max confirmed bank and on failure an error
+                will be returned. Preflight checks may be disabled if desired.
+
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> full_signed_tx_str = (
+            ...     "AbN5XM+qw+7oOLsFw7goQSLBis7c1kXJFP6OF4w7YmQNhhbQYcyBiybKuOzzhV7McvoRP3Mey9AhXojtwDCdbwoBAAEDE5j2"
+            ...     "LG0aRXxRumpLXz29L2n8qTIWIY3ImX5Ba9F9k8poq0Z3/7HyiU3QphU8Ix1F7ENq5TrmAUnb4V8y5LhwPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"
+            ...     "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAg5YY9wG6fpuieuWYJd1ta7ZtFPbV0OriFRYdcYUaEGkBAgIAAQwCAAAAQEIPAAAAAAA=")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.send_raw_transaction(full_signed_tx_str))  # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': 'CMwyESM2NE74mghfbvsHJDERF7xMYKshwwm6VgH6GFqXzx8LfBFuP5ruccumfhTguha6seUHPpiHzzHUQXzq2kN',
+             'id': 1}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._send_raw_transaction_args(txn, opts)
+
+        resp = await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+        if opts.skip_confirmation:
+            return self._post_send(resp)
+        post_send_args = self._send_raw_transaction_post_send_args(resp, opts)
+        return await self.__post_send_with_confirm(*post_send_args)
+
+    async def send_transaction(
+        self,
+        txn: Transaction,
+        *signers: Keypair,
+        opts: types.TxOpts = types.TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Send a transaction.
+
+        Args:
+            txn: Transaction object.
+            signers: Signers to sign the transaction.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) Pass a valid recent blockhash here if you want to
+                skip fetching the recent blockhash or relying on the cache.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> from solana.keypair import Keypair
+            >>> from solana.system_program import TransferParams, transfer
+            >>> from solana.transaction import Transaction
+            >>> sender, receiver = Keypair.from_seed(bytes(PublicKey(1))), Keypair.from_seed(bytes(PublicKey(2)))
+            >>> txn = Transaction().add(transfer(TransferParams(
+            ...     from_pubkey=sender.public_key, to_pubkey=receiver.public_key, lamports=1000)))
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.send_transaction(txn, sender)) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+             'result': '236zSA5w4NaVuLXXHK1mqiBuBxkNBu84X6cfLBh1v6zjPrLfyECz4zdedofBaZFhs4gdwzSmij9VkaSo2tR5LTgG',
+             'id': 12}
+        """
+        if recent_blockhash is None:
+            if self.blockhash_cache:
+                try:
+                    recent_blockhash = self.blockhash_cache.get()
+                except ValueError:
+                    blockhash_resp = await self.get_recent_blockhash(Finalized)
+                    recent_blockhash = self._process_blockhash_resp(blockhash_resp, used_immediately=True)
+            else:
+                blockhash_resp = await self.get_recent_blockhash(Finalized)
+                recent_blockhash = self.parse_recent_blockhash(blockhash_resp)
+        txn.recent_blockhash = recent_blockhash
+
+        txn.sign(*signers)
+        txn_resp = await self.send_raw_transaction(txn.serialize(), opts=opts)
+        if self.blockhash_cache:
+            blockhash_resp = await self.get_recent_blockhash(Finalized)
+            self._process_blockhash_resp(blockhash_resp, used_immediately=False)
+        return txn_resp
+
+    async def simulate_transaction(
+        self, txn: Union[bytes, str, Transaction], sig_verify: bool = False, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Simulate sending a transaction.
+
+        Args:
+            txn: A Transaction object, a transaction in wire format, or a transaction as base-64 encoded string
+                The transaction must have a valid blockhash, but is not required to be signed.
+            sig_verify: If true the transaction signatures will be verified (default: false).
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> tx_str = (
+            ...     "4hXTCkRzt9WyecNzV1XPgCDfGAZzQKNxLXgynz5QDuWWPSAZBZSHptvWRL3BjCvzUXRdKvHL2b7yGrRQcWyaqsaBCncVG7BF"
+            ...     "ggS8w9snUts67BSh3EqKpXLUm5UMHfD7ZBe9GhARjbNQMLJ1QD3Spr6oMTBU6EhdB4RD8CP2xUxr2u3d6fos36PD98XS6oX8"
+            ...     "TQjLpsMwncs5DAMiD4nNnR8NBfyghGCWvCVifVwvA8B8TJxE1aiyiv2L429BCWfyzAme5sZW8rDb14NeCQHhZbtNqfXhcp2t"
+            ... )
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.simulate_transaction(tx_str))  # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc' :'2.0',
+             'result': {'context': {'slot': 218},
+             'value': {
+                 'err': null,
+                 'logs': ['BPF program 83astBRguLMdt2h5U1Tpdq5tjFoJ6noeGwaY3mDLVcri success']},
+             'id':1}
+        """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        args = self._simulate_transaction_args(txn, sig_verify, commitment)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def set_log_filter(self, log_filter: str) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Sets the log filter on the validator.
+
+        Args:
+            log_filter: The new log filter to use.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> asyncio.run(solana_client.set_log_filter("solana_core=debug")) # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': None, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        args = self._set_log_filter_args(log_filter)
+        return await self._provider.make_request(*args)
+
+    async def validator_exit(self) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Request to have the validator exit.
+
+        Validator must have booted with RPC exit enabled (`--enable-rpc-exit` parameter).
+
+        Example:
+            >>> solana_client = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
+            >>> solana_client.validator_exit() # doctest: +SKIP
+            {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': true, 'id': 1}
+        """
+        return await self._provider.make_request(self._validator_exit)
+
+    async def __post_send_with_confirm(self, resp: types.RPCResponse, conf_comm: Commitment) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        resp = self._post_send(resp)
+        self._provider.logger.info(
+            "Transaction sent to %s. Signature %s: ", self._provider.endpoint_uri, resp["result"]
+        )
+        await self.confirm_transaction(resp["result"], conf_comm)
+        return resp
+
+    async def confirm_transaction(
+        self, tx_sig: str, commitment: Commitment = Finalized, sleep_seconds: float = 0.5
+    ) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        """Confirm the transaction identified by the specified signature.
+
+        Args:
+            tx_sig: the transaction signature to confirm.
+            commitment: Bank state to query. It can be either "finalized", "confirmed" or "processed".
+            sleep_seconds: The number of seconds to sleep when polling the signature status.
+        """
+        timeout = time() + 30
+        while time() < timeout:
+            resp = await self.get_signature_statuses([tx_sig])
+            maybe_rpc_error = resp.get("error")
+            if maybe_rpc_error is not None:
+                raise RPCException(maybe_rpc_error)
+            resp_value = resp["result"]["value"][0]
+            if resp_value is not None:
+                confirmation_status = resp_value["confirmationStatus"]
+                confirmation_rank = COMMITMENT_RANKS[confirmation_status]
+                commitment_rank = COMMITMENT_RANKS[commitment]
+                if confirmation_rank >= commitment_rank:
+                    break
+            await asyncio.sleep(sleep_seconds)
+        else:
+            maybe_rpc_error = resp.get("error")
+            if maybe_rpc_error is not None:
+                raise RPCException(maybe_rpc_error)
+            raise UnconfirmedTxError(f"Unable to confirm transaction {tx_sig}")
+        return resp
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/commitment.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/commitment.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..506b019
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/commitment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""Commitment options.
+
+Solana nodes choose which bank state to query based on a commitment requirement set by the client.
+
+In descending order of commitment (most finalized to least finalized), clients may specify:
+"""
+from typing import NewType
+
+Commitment = NewType("Commitment", str)
+"""Type for commitment."""
+
+Finalized = Commitment("finalized")
+"""The node will query the most recent block confirmed by supermajority of the cluster as having reached maximum
+ lockout, meaning the cluster has recognized this block as finalized."""
+
+Confirmed = Commitment("confirmed")
+"""The node will query the most recent block that has been voted on by supermajority of the cluster.
+
+- It incorporates votes from gossip and replay.
+- It does not count votes on descendants of a block, only direct votes on that block.
+- This confirmation level also upholds "optimistic confirmation" guarantees in release 1.3 and onwards.
+"""
+
+Processed = Commitment("processed")
+"""The node will query its most recent block. Note that the block may not be complete."""
+
+COMMITMENT_RANKS = {Processed: 0, Confirmed: 1, Finalized: 2}
+
+Max = Commitment("max")
+"""Deprecated"""
+
+Root = Commitment("root")
+"""Deprecated"""
+
+Single = Commitment("singleGossip")
+"""Deprecated"""
+
+Recent = Commitment("recent")
+"""Deprecated"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e84896
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,435 @@
+# pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
+"""Helper code for api.py and async_api.py."""
+from base64 import b64encode
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+try:
+    from typing import Literal  # type: ignore
+except ImportError:
+    from typing_extensions import Literal  # type: ignore
+
+from warnings import warn
+
+from based58 import b58decode, b58encode
+
+from solana.blockhash import Blockhash, BlockhashCache
+from solana.keypair import Keypair
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.rpc import types
+from solana.transaction import Transaction
+
+from .commitment import Commitment, Finalized
+
+
+class RPCException(Exception):
+    """Raised when RPC method returns an error result."""
+
+
+class RPCNoResultException(Exception):
+    """Raised when an RPC method returns no result."""
+
+
+class UnconfirmedTxError(Exception):
+    """Raise when confirming a transaction times out."""
+
+
+class _ClientCore:  # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods
+    _comm_key = "commitment"
+    _encoding_key = "encoding"
+    _data_slice_key = "dataSlice"
+    _skip_preflight_key = "skipPreflight"
+    _preflight_comm_key = "preflightCommitment"
+    _max_retries = "maxRetries"
+    _before_rpc_config_key = "before"
+    _limit_rpc_config_key = "limit"
+    _until_rpc_config_key = "until"
+    _get_cluster_nodes = types.RPCMethod("getClusterNodes")
+    _get_epoch_schedule = types.RPCMethod("getEpochSchedule")
+    _get_fee_rate_governor = types.RPCMethod("getFeeRateGovernor")
+    _get_first_available_block = types.RPCMethod("getFirstAvailableBlock")
+    _get_genesis_hash = types.RPCMethod("getGenesisHash")
+    _get_identity = types.RPCMethod("getIdentity")
+    _get_inflation_rate = types.RPCMethod("getInflationRate")
+    _minimum_ledger_slot = types.RPCMethod("minimumLedgerSlot")
+    _get_version = types.RPCMethod("getVersion")
+    _validator_exit = types.RPCMethod("validatorExit")
+
+    def __init__(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None, blockhash_cache: Union[BlockhashCache, bool] = False):
+        self._commitment = commitment or Finalized
+        self.blockhash_cache: Union[BlockhashCache, Literal[False]] = (
+            BlockhashCache()
+            if blockhash_cache is True
+            else cast(Union[BlockhashCache, Literal[False]], blockhash_cache)
+        )
+
+    def _get_balance_args(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getBalance"), str(pubkey), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_account_info_args(
+        self,
+        pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment],
+        encoding: str,
+        data_slice: Optional[types.DataSliceOpts],
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        opts: Dict[str, Any] = {self._encoding_key: encoding, self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+        if data_slice:
+            opts[self._data_slice_key] = dict(data_slice._asdict())
+        return types.RPCMethod("getAccountInfo"), str(pubkey), opts
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_block_commitment_args(slot: int) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, int]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getBlockCommitment"), slot
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_block_time_args(slot: int) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, int]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getBlockTime"), slot
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_confirmed_block_args(slot: int, encoding: str) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, int, str]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getConfirmedBlock"), slot, encoding
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_block_args(slot: int, encoding: str) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, int, str]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getBlock"), slot, encoding
+
+    def _get_block_height_args(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getBlockHeight"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_confirmed_blocks_args(start_slot: int, end_slot: Optional[int]) -> Tuple:
+        if end_slot:
+            return types.RPCMethod("getConfirmedBlocks"), start_slot, end_slot
+        return types.RPCMethod("getConfirmedBlocks"), start_slot
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_blocks_args(start_slot: int, end_slot: Optional[int]) -> Tuple:
+        if end_slot:
+            return types.RPCMethod("getBlocks"), start_slot, end_slot
+        return types.RPCMethod("getBlocks"), start_slot
+
+    def _get_confirmed_signature_for_address2_args(
+        self,
+        account: Union[str, Keypair, PublicKey],
+        before: Optional[str],
+        until: Optional[str],
+        limit: Optional[int],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment],
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Union[int, str, Commitment]]]:
+        warn(
+            "solana.rpc.api.getConfirmedSignaturesForAddress2 is deprecated, "
+            "please use solana.rpc.api.getSignaturesForAddress",
+            category=DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        opts = self._get_signature_for_address_config_arg(before, until, limit, commitment)
+        account = self._get_signature_for_address_account_arg(account)
+        return types.RPCMethod("getConfirmedSignaturesForAddress2"), account, opts
+
+    def _get_signatures_for_address_args(
+        self,
+        account: Union[str, Keypair, PublicKey],
+        before: Optional[str],
+        until: Optional[str],
+        limit: Optional[int],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment],
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Union[int, str, Commitment]]]:
+        opts = self._get_signature_for_address_config_arg(before, until, limit, commitment)
+        account = self._get_signature_for_address_account_arg(account)
+        return types.RPCMethod("getSignaturesForAddress"), account, opts
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_signature_for_address_account_arg(account: Union[str, Keypair, PublicKey]) -> str:
+        if isinstance(account, Keypair):
+            account = str(account.public_key)
+        if isinstance(account, PublicKey):
+            account = str(account)
+        return account
+
+    def _get_signature_for_address_config_arg(
+        self,
+        before: Optional[str],
+        until: Optional[str],
+        limit: Optional[int],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment],
+    ) -> Dict[str, Union[int, str, Commitment]]:
+        opts: Dict[str, Union[int, str, Commitment]] = {}
+        if before:
+            opts[self._before_rpc_config_key] = before
+        if until:
+            opts[self._until_rpc_config_key] = until
+        if limit:
+            opts[self._limit_rpc_config_key] = limit
+        if commitment:
+            opts[self._comm_key] = commitment
+        return opts
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_confirmed_transaction_args(tx_sig: str, encoding: str = "json") -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, str]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getConfirmedTransaction"), tx_sig, encoding
+
+    def _get_transaction_args(
+        self, tx_sig: str, encoding: str = "json", commitment: Commitment = None
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Union[str, Commitment]]]:
+
+        return (
+            types.RPCMethod("getTransaction"),
+            tx_sig,
+            {self._encoding_key: encoding, self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment},
+        )
+
+    def _get_epoch_info_args(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getEpochInfo"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_fee_calculator_for_blockhash_args(
+        self, blockhash: Union[str, Blockhash], commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Union[str, Blockhash], Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return (
+            types.RPCMethod("getFeeCalculatorForBlockhash"),
+            blockhash,
+            {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment},
+        )
+
+    def _get_fees_args(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getFees"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_inflation_governor_args(
+        self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getInflationGovernor"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_largest_accounts_args(
+        self, filter_opt: Optional[str], commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[Optional[str], Optional[str]]]:
+        opt: Dict[Optional[str], Optional[str]] = {"filter": filter_opt} if filter_opt else {}
+        opt[self._comm_key] = str(commitment)
+        return types.RPCMethod("getLargestAccounts"), opt
+
+    def _get_leader_schedule_args(
+        self, epoch: Optional[int], commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Optional[int], Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getLeaderSchedule"), epoch, {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption_args(
+        self, usize: int, commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, int, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return (
+            types.RPCMethod("getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption"),
+            usize,
+            {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment},
+        )
+
+    def _get_multiple_accounts_args(
+        self,
+        pubkeys: List[Union[PublicKey, str]],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment],
+        encoding: str,
+        data_slice: Optional[types.DataSliceOpts],
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, List[str], Dict[str, Any]]:
+        opts: Dict[str, Any] = {self._encoding_key: encoding, self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+        if data_slice:
+            opts[self._data_slice_key] = dict(data_slice._asdict())
+        return types.RPCMethod("getMultipleAccounts"), [str(pubkey) for pubkey in pubkeys], opts
+
+    def _get_program_accounts_args(
+        self,
+        pubkey: Union[str, PublicKey],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment],
+        encoding: Optional[str],
+        data_slice: Optional[types.DataSliceOpts],
+        data_size: Optional[int],
+        memcmp_opts: Optional[List[types.MemcmpOpts]],
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Any]]:  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
+        opts: Dict[str, Any] = {"filters": []}
+        for opt in [] if not memcmp_opts else memcmp_opts:
+            opts["filters"].append({"memcmp": dict(opt._asdict())})
+        if data_size:
+            opts["filters"].append({"dataSize": data_size})
+        if data_slice:
+            opts[self._data_slice_key] = dict(data_slice._asdict())
+        if encoding:
+            opts[self._encoding_key] = encoding
+        opts[self._comm_key] = commitment
+
+        return types.RPCMethod("getProgramAccounts"), str(pubkey), opts
+
+    def _get_recent_blockhash_args(
+        self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getRecentBlockhash"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_signature_statuses_args(
+        signatures: List[Union[str, bytes]], search_transaction_history: bool
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, List[str], Dict[str, bool]]:
+        base58_sigs: List[str] = []
+        for sig in signatures:
+            if isinstance(sig, str):
+                base58_sigs.append(b58encode(b58decode(sig.encode("ascii"))).decode("utf-8"))
+            else:
+                base58_sigs.append(b58encode(sig).decode("utf-8"))
+
+        return (
+            types.RPCMethod("getSignatureStatuses"),
+            base58_sigs,
+            {"searchTransactionHistory": search_transaction_history},
+        )
+
+    def _get_slot_args(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getSlot"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_slot_leader_args(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getSlotLeader"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_stake_activation_args(
+        self,
+        pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str],
+        epoch: Optional[int],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment],
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Union[int, Commitment]]]:
+        opts: Dict[str, Union[int, Commitment]] = {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+        if epoch:
+            opts["epoch"] = epoch
+
+        return types.RPCMethod("getStakeActivation"), str(pubkey), opts
+
+    def _get_supply_args(self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getSupply"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_token_account_balance_args(
+        self, pubkey: Union[str, PublicKey], commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getTokenAccountBalance"), str(pubkey), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_token_accounts_by_delegate_args(
+        self, delegate: PublicKey, opts: types.TokenAccountOpts, commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, types.TokenAccountOpts, Commitment]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getTokenAccountsByDelegate"), str(delegate), opts, commitment or self._commitment
+
+    def _get_token_accounts_by_owner_args(
+        self, owner: PublicKey, opts: types.TokenAccountOpts, commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, types.TokenAccountOpts, Commitment]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getTokenAccountsByOwner"), str(owner), opts, commitment or self._commitment
+
+    def _get_token_accounts_args(
+        self,
+        method: types.RPCMethod,
+        pubkey: str,
+        opts: types.TokenAccountOpts,
+        commitment: Commitment,
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, str], Dict[str, Any]]:
+        if not opts.mint and not opts.program_id:
+            raise ValueError("Please provide one of mint or program_id")
+
+        acc_opts: Dict[str, str] = {}
+        if opts.mint:
+            acc_opts["mint"] = str(opts.mint)
+        if opts.program_id:
+            acc_opts["programId"] = str(opts.program_id)
+
+        rpc_opts: Dict[str, Any] = {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment, self._encoding_key: opts.encoding}
+        if opts.data_slice:
+            rpc_opts[self._data_slice_key] = dict(opts.data_slice._asdict())
+
+        return method, pubkey, acc_opts, rpc_opts
+
+    def _get_token_largest_account_args(
+        self, pubkey: Union[str, PublicKey], commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getTokenLargestAccounts"), str(pubkey), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_token_supply_args(
+        self, pubkey: Union[str, PublicKey], commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getTokenSupply"), str(pubkey), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_transaction_count_args(
+        self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getTransactionCount"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _get_vote_accounts_args(
+        self, commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("getVoteAccounts"), {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment}
+
+    def _request_airdrop_args(
+        self, pubkey: Union[PublicKey, str], lamports: int, commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, int, Dict[str, Commitment]]:
+        return (
+            types.RPCMethod("requestAirdrop"),
+            str(pubkey),
+            lamports,
+            {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment},
+        )
+
+    def _send_raw_transaction_args(
+        self, txn: Union[bytes, str], opts: types.TxOpts
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Union[bool, Commitment, str, int]]]:
+
+        if isinstance(txn, bytes):
+            txn = b64encode(txn).decode("utf-8")
+        params: Dict[str, Union[bool, Commitment, str, int]] = {
+            self._skip_preflight_key: opts.skip_preflight,
+            self._preflight_comm_key: opts.preflight_commitment,
+            self._encoding_key: "base64",
+        }
+        if opts.max_retries is not None:
+            params[self._max_retries] = opts.max_retries
+        return (
+            types.RPCMethod("sendTransaction"),
+            txn,
+            params,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _send_raw_transaction_post_send_args(
+        resp: types.RPCResponse, opts: types.TxOpts
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCResponse, Commitment]:
+        return resp, opts.preflight_commitment
+
+    def _simulate_transaction_args(
+        self, txn: Union[bytes, str, Transaction], sig_verify: bool, commitment: Optional[Commitment]
+    ) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str, Dict[str, Union[Commitment, bool, str]]]:
+        if isinstance(txn, Transaction):
+            if txn.recent_blockhash is None:
+                raise ValueError("transaction must have a valid blockhash")
+            wire_format = b64encode(txn.serialize()).decode("utf-8")
+        elif isinstance(txn, bytes):
+            wire_format = txn.decode("utf-8")
+        else:
+            wire_format = txn
+
+        return (
+            types.RPCMethod("simulateTransaction"),
+            wire_format,
+            {self._comm_key: commitment or self._commitment, "sigVerify": sig_verify, self._encoding_key: "base64"},
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _set_log_filter_args(log_filter: str) -> Tuple[types.RPCMethod, str]:
+        return types.RPCMethod("setLogFilter"), log_filter
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _post_send(resp: types.RPCResponse) -> types.RPCResponse:
+        error = resp.get("error")
+        if error:
+            raise RPCException(error)
+        if not resp.get("result"):
+            raise RPCNoResultException("Failed to send transaction")
+        return resp
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def parse_recent_blockhash(blockhash_resp: types.RPCResponse) -> Blockhash:
+        """Extract blockhash from JSON RPC result."""
+        if not blockhash_resp.get("result"):
+            raise RuntimeError("failed to get recent blockhash")
+        return Blockhash(blockhash_resp["result"]["value"]["blockhash"])
+
+    def _process_blockhash_resp(self, blockhash_resp: types.RPCResponse, used_immediately: bool) -> Blockhash:
+        recent_blockhash = self.parse_recent_blockhash(blockhash_resp)
+        if self.blockhash_cache:
+            slot = blockhash_resp["result"]["context"]["slot"]
+            self.blockhash_cache.set(recent_blockhash, slot, used_immediately=used_immediately)
+        return recent_blockhash
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eef6739
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""RPC Providers."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/async_base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/async_base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6988af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/async_base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""Async base RPC Provider."""
+from typing import Any
+
+from ..types import RPCMethod, RPCResponse
+
+
+class AsyncBaseProvider:
+    """Base class for async RPC providers to implement."""
+
+    async def make_request(self, method: RPCMethod, *params: Any) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Make a request ot the rpc endpoint."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("Providers must implement this method")
+
+    async def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        """Health check."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("Providers must implement this method")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/async_http.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/async_http.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa0631c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/async_http.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+"""Async HTTP RPC Provider."""
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+import httpx
+
+from ..types import RPCMethod, RPCResponse
+from .async_base import AsyncBaseProvider
+from .core import _HTTPProviderCore, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+from ...exceptions import handle_async_exceptions, SolanaRpcException
+
+
+class AsyncHTTPProvider(AsyncBaseProvider, _HTTPProviderCore):
+    """Async HTTP provider to interact with the http rpc endpoint."""
+
+    def __init__(self, endpoint: Optional[str] = None, timeout: float = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
+        """Init AsyncHTTPProvider."""
+        super().__init__(endpoint)
+        self.session = httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=timeout)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """String definition for HTTPProvider."""
+        return f"Async HTTP RPC connection {self.endpoint_uri}"
+
+    @handle_async_exceptions(SolanaRpcException, Exception)
+    async def make_request(self, method: RPCMethod, *params: Any) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Make an async HTTP request to an http rpc endpoint."""
+        request_kwargs = self._before_request(method=method, params=params, is_async=True)
+        raw_response = await self.session.post(**request_kwargs)
+        return self._after_request(raw_response=raw_response, method=method)
+
+    async def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        """Health check."""
+        try:
+            response = await self.session.get(self.health_uri)
+            response.raise_for_status()
+        except (IOError, httpx.HTTPError) as err:
+            self.logger.error("Health check failed with error: %s", str(err))
+            return False
+
+        return response.status_code == httpx.codes.OK
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> "AsyncHTTPProvider":
+        """Use as a context manager."""
+        await self.session.__aenter__()
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, _exc_type, _exc, _tb):
+        """Exits the context manager."""
+        await self.close()
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        """Close session."""
+        await self.session.aclose()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c45736c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""Base RPC Provider."""
+from typing import Any
+
+from ..types import RPCMethod, RPCResponse
+
+
+class BaseProvider:
+    """Base class for RPC providers to implement."""
+
+    def make_request(self, method: RPCMethod, *params: Any) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Make a request ot the rpc endpoint."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("Providers must implement this method")
+
+    def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        """Health check."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("Providers must implement this method")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c39c3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+"""Helper code for HTTP provider classes."""
+import itertools
+import logging
+import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+import httpx
+import requests
+
+from .._utils.encoding import FriendlyJsonSerde
+from ..types import URI, RPCMethod, RPCResponse
+
+DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 10
+
+
+def get_default_endpoint() -> URI:
+    """Get the default http rpc endpoint."""
+    return URI(os.environ.get("SOLANARPC_HTTP_URI", "http://localhost:8899"))
+
+
+class _HTTPProviderCore(FriendlyJsonSerde):
+    logger = logging.getLogger("solanaweb3.rpc.httprpc.HTTPClient")
+
+    def __init__(self, endpoint: Optional[str] = None, timeout: float = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
+        """Init."""
+        self._request_counter = itertools.count()
+        self.endpoint_uri = get_default_endpoint() if not endpoint else URI(endpoint)
+        self.health_uri = URI(f"{self.endpoint_uri}/health")
+        self.timeout = timeout
+
+    def _build_request_kwargs(
+        self, request_id: int, method: RPCMethod, params: Tuple[Any, ...], is_async: bool
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
+        data = self.json_encode({"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": request_id, "method": method, "params": params})
+        data_kwarg = "content" if is_async else "data"
+        return {"url": self.endpoint_uri, "headers": headers, data_kwarg: data}
+
+    def _increment_counter_and_get_id(self) -> int:
+        return next(self._request_counter) + 1
+
+    def _before_request(self, method: RPCMethod, params: Tuple[Any, ...], is_async: bool) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        request_id = self._increment_counter_and_get_id()
+        self.logger.debug(
+            "Making HTTP request. URI: %s, RequestID: %d, Method: %s, Params: %s",
+            self.endpoint_uri,
+            request_id,
+            method,
+            params,
+        )
+        return self._build_request_kwargs(request_id=request_id, method=method, params=params, is_async=is_async)
+
+    def _after_request(self, raw_response: Union[requests.Response, httpx.Response], method: RPCMethod) -> RPCResponse:
+        raw_response.raise_for_status()
+        self.logger.debug(
+            "Getting response HTTP. URI: %s, " "Method: %s, Response: %s", self.endpoint_uri, method, raw_response.text
+        )
+        return cast(RPCResponse, self.json_decode(raw_response.text))
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/http.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/http.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4e388f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/providers/http.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""HTTP RPC Provider."""
+from typing import Any
+
+import requests
+
+from ..types import RPCMethod, RPCResponse
+from .base import BaseProvider
+from .core import _HTTPProviderCore
+from ...exceptions import handle_exceptions, SolanaRpcException
+
+
+class HTTPProvider(BaseProvider, _HTTPProviderCore):
+    """HTTP provider to interact with the http rpc endpoint."""
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """String definition for HTTPProvider."""
+        return f"HTTP RPC connection {self.endpoint_uri}"
+
+    @handle_exceptions(SolanaRpcException, requests.exceptions.RequestException)
+    def make_request(self, method: RPCMethod, *params: Any) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Make an HTTP request to an http rpc endpoint."""
+        request_kwargs = self._before_request(method=method, params=params, is_async=False)
+        raw_response = requests.post(**request_kwargs, timeout=self.timeout)
+        return self._after_request(raw_response=raw_response, method=method)
+
+    def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        """Health check."""
+        try:
+            response = requests.get(self.health_uri)
+            response.raise_for_status()
+        except (IOError, requests.HTTPError) as err:
+            self.logger.error("Health check failed with error: %s", str(err))
+            return False
+
+        return response.ok
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/request_builder.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/request_builder.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d6c968
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/request_builder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+# pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods
+"""This module contains code for building RPC requests."""
+from typing import Any, Optional, Union, Literal, List, Dict
+from jsonrpcclient import request
+
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.rpc.commitment import Commitment
+from solana.rpc import types
+from solana.transaction import TransactionSignature
+
+MentionsFilter = Dict[Literal["mentions"], List[str]]
+
+
+class RequestBody:
+    """Base class for RPC request data."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        self.name = name
+
+    def to_request(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert to a request dict."""
+        return request(self.name)
+
+
+class HasDictParams(RequestBody):
+    """Base class for PRC requests with dictionary params."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, dict_params: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__(name)
+        self.dict_params: Dict[str, Any] = {} if dict_params is None else dict_params
+
+    def to_request(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert to a request dict."""
+        return request(self.name, params=self.dict_params)
+
+
+class Unsubscribe(RequestBody):
+    """RPC pubsub unsubscribe base class."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, subscription: int) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__(name)
+        self.subscription = subscription
+
+    def to_request(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert to a request dict."""
+        return request(self.name, params=[self.subscription])
+
+
+class HasEncoding(HasDictParams):
+    """Base class for RPC request that takes an encoding param."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, encoding: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        dict_params: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None if encoding is None else {"encoding": encoding}
+        super().__init__(name, dict_params)
+
+
+class HasCommitment(HasDictParams):
+    """Base class for RPC request that takes a commitment param."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        dict_params: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None if commitment is None else {"commitment": commitment}
+        super().__init__(name, dict_params)
+
+
+class HasCommitmentAndEncoding(HasCommitment):
+    """Base class for RPC request that takes encoding and commitment params."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None, encoding: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__(name, commitment)
+        if encoding is not None:
+            self.dict_params["encoding"] = encoding
+
+
+class HasPositionalParamAndCommitmentAndEncoding(HasCommitmentAndEncoding):
+    """Base class for RPC request that takes a positional param as well as encoding and commitment params."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, name: str, positional_param: Any, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None, encoding: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__(name, commitment, encoding)
+        self.positional_param = positional_param
+
+    def to_request(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert to a request dict."""
+        return request(self.name, params=[self.positional_param, self.dict_params])
+
+
+class AccountSubscribe(HasPositionalParamAndCommitmentAndEncoding):
+    """Request body for accountSubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, pubkey: PublicKey, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None, encoding: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__(
+            name="accountSubscribe", positional_param=str(pubkey), commitment=commitment, encoding=encoding
+        )
+
+
+class AccountUnsubscribe(Unsubscribe):
+    """Request body for accountUnsubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subscription: int) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("accountUnsubscribe", subscription)
+
+
+class LogsSubscribeFilter:
+    """Different kinds of filter for logSubscribe."""
+
+    ALL = "all"
+    ALL_WITH_VOTES = "allWithVotes"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def mentions(pubkey: PublicKey) -> MentionsFilter:
+        """Filter for logs mentioning the given pubkey."""
+        return {"mentions": [str(pubkey)]}
+
+
+class LogsSubscribe(HasPositionalParamAndCommitmentAndEncoding):
+    """Request body for logsSubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        filter_: Union[str, MentionsFilter],
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__(name="logsSubscribe", positional_param=filter_, commitment=commitment, encoding=encoding)
+
+
+class LogsUnsubscribe(Unsubscribe):
+    """Request body for logsUnsubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subscription: int) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("logsUnsubscribe", subscription)
+
+
+class ProgramSubscribe(HasPositionalParamAndCommitmentAndEncoding):
+    """Request body for programSubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
+        self,
+        program_id: PublicKey,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+        data_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        memcmp_opts: Optional[List[types.MemcmpOpts]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Init.
+
+        Args:
+            program_id: The program ID.
+            commitment: Commitment level to use.
+            encoding: Encoding to use.
+            data_size: Data size filter.
+            memcmp_opts: memcmp options.
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name="programSubscribe", positional_param=str(program_id), encoding=encoding, commitment=commitment
+        )
+        filters = []
+        for opt in [] if not memcmp_opts else memcmp_opts:
+            filters.append({"memcmp": dict(opt._asdict())})
+        if data_size:
+            filters.append({"dataSize": data_size})  # type: ignore
+        if filters:
+            self.dict_params["filters"] = filters
+
+
+class ProgramUnsubscribe(Unsubscribe):
+    """Request body for programUnsubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subscription: int) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("programUnsubscribe", subscription)
+
+
+class SignatureSubscribe(HasPositionalParamAndCommitmentAndEncoding):
+    """Request body for signatureSubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        signature: TransactionSignature,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Init.
+
+        Args:
+            signature: Transaction signature to subscribe to.
+            commitment: Commitment level to use.
+        """
+        super().__init__(name="signatureSubscribe", positional_param=signature, commitment=commitment)
+
+
+class SignatureUnsubscribe(Unsubscribe):
+    """Request body for signatureUnsubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subscription: int) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("signatureUnsubscribe", subscription)
+
+
+class SlotSubscribe(RequestBody):
+    """Request body for slotSubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("slotSubscribe")
+
+
+class SlotUnsubscribe(Unsubscribe):
+    """Request body for slotUnsubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subscription: int) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("slotUnsubscribe", subscription)
+
+
+class SlotsUpdatesSubscribe(RequestBody):
+    """Request body for slotsUpdatesSubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("slotsUpdatesSubscribe")
+
+
+class SlotsUpdatesUnsubscribe(Unsubscribe):
+    """Request body for slotUpdatesUnsubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subscription: int) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("slotsUpdatesUnsubscribe", subscription)
+
+
+class RootSubscribe(RequestBody):
+    """Request body for rootSubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("rootSubscribe")
+
+
+class RootUnsubscribe(Unsubscribe):
+    """Request body for rootUnsubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subscription: int) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("rootUnsubscribe", subscription)
+
+
+class VoteSubscribe(RequestBody):
+    """Request body for voteSubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("voteSubscribe")
+
+
+class VoteUnsubscribe(Unsubscribe):
+    """Request body for voteUnsubscribe."""
+
+    def __init__(self, subscription: int) -> None:
+        """Init."""
+        super().__init__("VoteUnsubscribe", subscription)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/responses.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/responses.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71c972e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/responses.py
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+"""This module contains code for parsing RPC responses."""
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Union, Tuple, Any, Dict, List, Optional, Literal
+
+from apischema import alias
+from apischema.conversions import as_str
+
+
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.transaction import TransactionSignature
+
+as_str(PublicKey)
+
+TransactionErrorResult = Optional[dict]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TransactionErr:
+    """Container for possible transaction errors."""
+
+    err: TransactionErrorResult
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Context:
+    """RPC result context."""
+
+    slot: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class WithContext:
+    """Base class for RPC result including context."""
+
+    context: Context
+
+
+@dataclass
+class AccountInfo:
+    """Account information."""
+
+    lamports: int
+    owner: PublicKey
+    data: Union[Literal[""], Tuple[str, str], Dict[str, Any]]
+    executable: bool
+    rent_epoch: int = field(metadata=alias("rentEpoch"))
+
+
+@dataclass
+class AccountInfoAndContext(WithContext):
+    """Account info and RPC result context."""
+
+    value: AccountInfo
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SubscriptionNotificationBase:
+    """Base class for RPC subscription notifications."""
+
+    subscription: int
+    result: Any
+
+
+@dataclass
+class AccountNotification(SubscriptionNotificationBase):
+    """Account subscription notification."""
+
+    result: AccountInfoAndContext
+
+
+@dataclass
+class LogItem(TransactionErr):
+    """Container for logs from logSubscribe."""
+
+    signature: TransactionSignature
+    logs: Optional[List[str]]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class LogItemAndContext(WithContext):
+    """Log item with RPC result context."""
+
+    value: LogItem
+
+
+@dataclass
+class LogsNotification(SubscriptionNotificationBase):
+    """Logs subscription notification."""
+
+    result: LogItemAndContext
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ProgramAccount:
+    """Program account pubkey and account info."""
+
+    pubkey: PublicKey
+    account: AccountInfo
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ProgramAccountAndContext(WithContext):
+    """Program subscription data with RPC result context."""
+
+    value: ProgramAccount
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ProgramNotification(SubscriptionNotificationBase):
+    """Program subscription notification."""
+
+    result: ProgramAccountAndContext
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SignatureErrAndContext(WithContext):
+    """Signature subscription error info with RPC result context."""
+
+    value: TransactionErr
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SignatureNotification(SubscriptionNotificationBase):
+    """Signature subscription notification."""
+
+    result: SignatureErrAndContext
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SlotBase:
+    """Base class for slot container."""
+
+    slot: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SlotInfo(SlotBase):
+    """Slot info."""
+
+    parent: int
+    root: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SlotNotification(SubscriptionNotificationBase):
+    """Slot subscription notification."""
+
+    result: SlotInfo
+
+
+@dataclass
+class RootNotification(SubscriptionNotificationBase):
+    """Root subscription notification."""
+
+    result: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SlotAndTimestampBase(SlotBase):
+    """Base class for a slot with timestamp."""
+
+    timestamp: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FirstShredReceived(SlotAndTimestampBase):
+    """First shread received update."""
+
+    type: Literal["firstShredReceived"]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Completed(SlotAndTimestampBase):
+    """Slot completed update."""
+
+    type: Literal["completed"]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class CreatedBank(SlotAndTimestampBase):
+    """Created bank update."""
+
+    parent: int
+    type: Literal["createdBank"]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SlotTransactionStats:
+    """Slot transaction stats."""
+
+    num_transaction_entries: int = field(metadata=alias("numTransactionEntries"))
+    num_successful_transactions: int = field(metadata=alias("numSuccessfulTransactions"))
+    num_failed_transactions: int = field(metadata=alias("numFailedTransactions"))
+    max_transactions_per_entry: int = field(metadata=alias("maxTransactionsPerEntry"))
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Frozen(SlotAndTimestampBase):
+    """Slot frozen update."""
+
+    stats: SlotTransactionStats
+    type: Literal["frozen"]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Dead(SlotAndTimestampBase):
+    """Dead slot update."""
+
+    err: str
+    type: Literal["dead"]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class OptimisticConfirmation(SlotAndTimestampBase):
+    """Optimistic confirmation update."""
+
+    type: Literal["optimisticConfirmation"]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Root(SlotAndTimestampBase):
+    """Root update."""
+
+    type: Literal["root"]
+
+
+SlotsUpdatesItem = Union[FirstShredReceived, Completed, CreatedBank, Frozen, Dead, OptimisticConfirmation, Root]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SlotsUpdatesNotification(SubscriptionNotificationBase):
+    """Slots updates notification."""
+
+    result: SlotsUpdatesItem
+
+
+@dataclass
+class VoteItem:
+    """Vote data."""
+
+    hash: str
+    slots: List[int]
+    timestamp: Optional[int]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class VoteNotification(SubscriptionNotificationBase):
+    """Vote update notification."""
+
+    result: VoteItem
+
+
+SubscriptionNotification = Union[
+    AccountNotification,
+    LogsNotification,
+    ProgramNotification,
+    SignatureNotification,
+    SlotNotification,
+    RootNotification,
+    SlotsUpdatesNotification,
+    VoteNotification,
+]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/types.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1da6a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+"""RPC types."""
+from typing import Any, NamedTuple, NewType, Optional, Union
+
+from typing_extensions import Literal, TypedDict  # noqa: F401
+
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+
+from .commitment import Commitment, Finalized
+
+URI = NewType("URI", str)
+"""Type for endpoint URI."""
+
+RPCMethod = NewType("RPCMethod", str)
+"""Type for RPC method."""
+
+
+class RPCError(TypedDict):
+    """RPC error."""
+
+    code: int
+    """HTTP status code."""
+    message: str
+    """Error message."""
+
+
+class RPCResponse(TypedDict, total=False):
+    """RPC Response."""
+
+    error: Union[RPCError, str]
+    """RPC error."""
+    id: int
+    """Request ID."""
+    jsonrpc: Literal["2.0"]
+    """Protocol."""
+    result: Any
+    """Response results."""
+
+
+class DataSliceOpts(NamedTuple):
+    """Option to limit the returned account data, only available for "base58" or "base64" encoding."""
+
+    offset: int
+    """Limit the returned account data using the provided offset: <usize>."""
+    length: int
+    """Limit the returned account data using the provided length: <usize>."""
+
+
+class MemcmpOpts(NamedTuple):
+    """Option to compare a provided series of bytes with program account data at a particular offset."""
+
+    offset: int
+    """Offset into program account data to start comparison: <usize>."""
+    bytes: str
+    """Data to match, as base-58 encoded string: <string>."""
+
+
+class TokenAccountOpts(NamedTuple):
+    """Options when querying token accounts.
+
+    Provide one of mint or program_id.
+    """
+
+    mint: Optional[PublicKey] = None
+    """Public key of the specific token Mint to limit accounts to."""
+    program_id: Optional[PublicKey] = None
+    """Public key of the Token program ID that owns the accounts."""
+    encoding: str = "base64"
+    """Encoding for Account data, either "base58" (slow), "base64" or jsonParsed".
+
+    Parsed-JSON encoding attempts to use program-specific state parsers to return more
+    human-readable and explicit account state data. If parsed-JSON is requested but a
+    valid mint cannot be found for a particular account, that account will be filtered out
+    from results. jsonParsed encoding is UNSTABLE.
+    """
+    data_slice: Optional[DataSliceOpts] = None
+    """Option to limit the returned account data, only available for "base58" or "base64" encoding."""
+
+
+class TxOpts(NamedTuple):
+    """Options to specify when broadcasting a transaction."""
+
+    skip_confirmation: bool = True
+    """If false, `send_transaction` will try to confirm that the transaction was successfully broadcasted.
+
+    When confirming a transaction, `send_transaction` will block for a maximum of 30 seconds. Wrap the call
+    inside a thread to make it asynchronous.
+    """
+    skip_preflight: bool = False
+    """If true, skip the preflight transaction checks."""
+    preflight_commitment: Commitment = Finalized
+    """Commitment level to use for preflight."""
+    max_retries: Optional[int] = None
+    """Maximum number of times for the RPC node to retry sending the transaction to the leader.
+    If this parameter not provided, the RPC node will retry the transaction until it is finalized
+    or until the blockhash expires
+    """
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/websocket_api.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/websocket_api.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40e40c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/rpc/websocket_api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+"""This module contains code for interacting with the RPC Websocket endpoint."""
+from typing import Union, Dict, Any, List, Optional, cast
+from json import loads, dumps
+from websockets.legacy.client import connect as ws_connect, WebSocketClientProtocol
+from jsonrpcserver.dispatcher import create_request
+from jsonrpcclient import parse, Error, Ok
+from apischema import deserialize
+
+from solana.rpc.request_builder import RequestBody
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.transaction import TransactionSignature
+from solana.rpc.commitment import Commitment
+from solana.rpc import types
+from solana.rpc.responses import (
+    AccountNotification,
+    LogsNotification,
+    SubscriptionNotification,
+    ProgramNotification,
+    SignatureNotification,
+    SlotNotification,
+    RootNotification,
+    SlotsUpdatesNotification,
+    VoteNotification,
+)
+from solana.rpc.request_builder import (
+    AccountSubscribe,
+    AccountUnsubscribe,
+    LogsSubscribe,
+    LogsUnsubscribe,
+    LogsSubscribeFilter,
+    MentionsFilter,
+    ProgramSubscribe,
+    ProgramUnsubscribe,
+    SignatureSubscribe,
+    SignatureUnsubscribe,
+    SlotSubscribe,
+    SlotUnsubscribe,
+    SlotsUpdatesSubscribe,
+    SlotsUpdatesUnsubscribe,
+    RootSubscribe,
+    RootUnsubscribe,
+    VoteSubscribe,
+    VoteUnsubscribe,
+)
+
+_NOTIFICATION_MAP = {
+    "accountNotification": AccountNotification,
+    "logsNotification": LogsNotification,
+    "programNotification": ProgramNotification,
+    "signatureNotification": SignatureNotification,
+    "slotNotification": SlotNotification,
+    "rootNotification": RootNotification,
+    "slotsUpdatesNotification": SlotsUpdatesNotification,
+    "voteNotification": VoteNotification,
+}
+
+
+class SubscriptionError(Exception):
+    """Raise when subscribing to an RPC feed fails."""
+
+    def __init__(self, err: Error, subscription: dict) -> None:
+        """Init.
+
+        Args:
+            err: The RPC error object.
+            subscription: The subscription message that caused the error.
+
+        """
+        self.code = err.code
+        self.msg = err.message
+        self.subscription = subscription
+        super().__init__(f"{self.code}: {self.msg}\n Caused by subscription: {subscription}")
+
+
+class SolanaWsClientProtocol(WebSocketClientProtocol):
+    """Subclass of `websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol` tailored for Solana RPC websockets."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Init. Args and kwargs are passed to `websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol`."""
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.subscriptions = {}
+        self.sent_subscriptions = {}
+        self.failed_subscriptions = {}
+
+    async def _send(self, data: Union[Dict[str, Any], list]) -> None:
+        as_json_str = dumps(data)
+        await super().send(as_json_str)
+        if isinstance(data, dict):
+            self.sent_subscriptions[data["id"]] = data
+        else:
+            for req in data:
+                self.sent_subscriptions[req["id"]] = req
+
+    async def send_data(self, message: Union[RequestBody, List[RequestBody]]) -> None:
+        """Send a subscribe/unsubscribe request or list of requests.
+
+        Basically `.send` from `websockets` with extra parsing.
+
+        Args:
+            message: The request(s) to send.
+        """
+        to_send = message.to_request() if isinstance(message, RequestBody) else [msg.to_request() for msg in message]
+        await self._send(to_send)  # type: ignore
+
+    async def recv(  # type: ignore
+        self,
+    ) -> Union[List[Union[SubscriptionNotification, Error, Ok]], SubscriptionNotification, Error, Ok]:
+        """Receive the next message.
+
+        Basically `.recv` from `websockets` with extra parsing.
+        """
+        data = await super().recv()
+        as_json = loads(data)
+        if isinstance(as_json, list):
+            return [self._process_rpc_response(item) for item in as_json]
+        return self._process_rpc_response(as_json)
+
+    async def account_subscribe(
+        self, pubkey: PublicKey, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None, encoding: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Subscribe to an account to receive notifications when the lamports or data change.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Account pubkey.
+            commitment: Commitment level.
+            encoding: Encoding to use.
+        """
+        req = AccountSubscribe(pubkey, commitment, encoding)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+
+    async def account_unsubscribe(
+        self,
+        subscription: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Unsubscribe from account notifications.
+
+        Args:
+            subscription: ID of subscription to cancel.
+        """
+        req = AccountUnsubscribe(subscription)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+        del self.subscriptions[subscription]
+
+    async def logs_subscribe(
+        self,
+        filter_: Union[str, MentionsFilter] = LogsSubscribeFilter.ALL,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Subscribe to transaction logging.
+
+        Args:
+            filter_: filter criteria for the logs. Use `LogsSubscribeFilter` to build the filter.
+            commitment: The commitment level to use.
+            encoding: The encoding to use.
+        """
+        req = LogsSubscribe(filter_, commitment, encoding)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+
+    async def logs_unsubscribe(
+        self,
+        subscription: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Unsubscribe from transaction logging.
+
+        Args:
+            subscription: ID of subscription to cancel.
+        """
+        req = LogsUnsubscribe(subscription)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+        del self.subscriptions[subscription]
+
+    async def program_subscribe(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
+        self,
+        program_id: PublicKey,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+        data_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        memcmp_opts: Optional[List[types.MemcmpOpts]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Receive notifications when the lamports or data for a given account owned by the program changes.
+
+        Args:
+            program_id: The program ID.
+            commitment: Commitment level to use.
+            encoding: Encoding to use.
+            data_size: Data size filter.
+            memcmp_opts: memcmp options.
+        """  # noqa: E501
+        req = ProgramSubscribe(program_id, commitment, encoding, data_size, memcmp_opts)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+
+    async def program_unsubscribe(
+        self,
+        subscription: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Unsubscribe from program account notifications.
+
+        Args:
+            subscription: ID of subscription to cancel.
+        """
+        req = ProgramUnsubscribe(subscription)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+        del self.subscriptions[subscription]
+
+    async def signature_subscribe(
+        self,
+        signature: TransactionSignature,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Subscribe to a transaction signature to receive notification when the transaction is confirmed.
+
+        Args:
+            signature: The transaction signature to subscribe to.
+            commitment: Commitment level.
+        """
+        req = SignatureSubscribe(signature, commitment)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+
+    async def signature_unsubscribe(
+        self,
+        subscription: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Unsubscribe from signature notifications.
+
+        Args:
+            subscription: ID of subscription to cancel.
+        """
+        req = SignatureUnsubscribe(subscription)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+        del self.subscriptions[subscription]
+
+    async def slot_subscribe(self) -> None:
+        """Subscribe to receive notification anytime a slot is processed by the validator."""
+        req = SlotSubscribe()
+        await self.send_data(req)
+
+    async def slot_unsubscribe(
+        self,
+        subscription: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Unsubscribe from slot notifications.
+
+        Args:
+            subscription: ID of subscription to cancel.
+        """
+        req = SlotUnsubscribe(subscription)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+        del self.subscriptions[subscription]
+
+    async def slots_updates_subscribe(self) -> None:
+        """Subscribe to receive a notification from the validator on a variety of updates on every slot."""
+        req = SlotsUpdatesSubscribe()
+        await self.send_data(req)
+
+    async def slots_updates_unsubscribe(
+        self,
+        subscription: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Unsubscribe from slot update notifications.
+
+        Args:
+            subscription: ID of subscription to cancel.
+        """
+        req = SlotsUpdatesUnsubscribe(subscription)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+        del self.subscriptions[subscription]
+
+    async def root_subscribe(self) -> None:
+        """Subscribe to receive notification anytime a new root is set by the validator."""
+        req = RootSubscribe()
+        await self.send_data(req)
+
+    async def root_unsubscribe(
+        self,
+        subscription: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Unsubscribe from root notifications.
+
+        Args:
+            subscription: ID of subscription to cancel.
+        """
+        req = RootUnsubscribe(subscription)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+        del self.subscriptions[subscription]
+
+    async def vote_subscribe(self) -> None:
+        """Subscribe to receive notification anytime a new vote is observed in gossip."""
+        req = VoteSubscribe()
+        await self.send_data(req)
+
+    async def vote_unsubscribe(
+        self,
+        subscription: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Unsubscribe from vote notifications.
+
+        Args:
+            subscription: ID of subscription to cancel.
+        """
+        req = VoteUnsubscribe(subscription)
+        await self.send_data(req)
+        del self.subscriptions[subscription]
+
+    def _process_rpc_response(self, data: dict) -> Union[SubscriptionNotification, Error, Ok]:
+        parsed = _parse_rpc_response(data)
+        if isinstance(parsed, Error):
+            subscription = self.sent_subscriptions[parsed.id]
+            self.failed_subscriptions[parsed.id] = subscription
+            raise SubscriptionError(parsed, subscription)
+        parsed_result = parsed.result
+        if type(parsed_result) is int and type(parsed) is Ok:  # pylint: disable=unidiomatic-typecheck
+            self.subscriptions[parsed_result] = self.sent_subscriptions[parsed.id]
+        return parsed
+
+
+def _parse_rpc_response(data: dict) -> Union[SubscriptionNotification, Error, Ok]:
+    if "params" in data:
+        req = create_request(data)
+        dtype = _NOTIFICATION_MAP[req.method]
+        res: SubscriptionNotification = deserialize(dtype, req.params)
+        return res
+    return cast(Union[Ok, Error], parse(data))
+
+
+class connect(ws_connect):  # pylint: disable=invalid-name,too-few-public-methods
+    """Solana RPC websocket connector."""
+
+    def __init__(self, uri: str = "ws://localhost:8900", **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        """Init. Kwargs are passed to `websockets.connect`.
+
+        Args:
+            uri: The websocket endpoint.
+        """
+        super().__init__(uri, **kwargs, create_protocol=SolanaWsClientProtocol)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/system_program.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/system_program.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ffed36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/system_program.py
@@ -0,0 +1,666 @@
+"""Library to interface with the system program."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any, NamedTuple, Union
+
+from solana import sysvar
+from solana._layouts.system_instructions import SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT, InstructionType
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.transaction import AccountMeta, Transaction, TransactionInstruction
+from solana.utils.validate import validate_instruction_keys, validate_instruction_type
+
+SYS_PROGRAM_ID: PublicKey = PublicKey("11111111111111111111111111111111")
+"""Public key that identifies the System program."""
+
+
+# Instruction Params
+class CreateAccountParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Create account system transaction params."""
+
+    from_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    new_account_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    lamports: int
+    """"""
+    space: int
+    """"""
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """"""
+
+
+class TransferParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Transfer system transaction params."""
+
+    from_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    to_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    lamports: int
+    """"""
+
+
+class AssignParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Assign system transaction params."""
+
+    account_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """"""
+
+
+class CreateAccountWithSeedParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Create account with seed system transaction params."""
+
+    from_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    new_account_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    base_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    seed: str
+    """"""
+    lamports: int
+    """"""
+    space: int
+    """"""
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """"""
+
+
+class CreateNonceAccountParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Create nonce account system transaction params."""
+
+    from_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    nonce_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    authorized_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    lamports: int
+    """"""
+
+
+class CreateNonceAccountWithSeedParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Create nonce account with seed system transaction params."""
+
+    from_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    nonce_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    authorized_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    lamports: int
+    """"""
+    base_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    seed: str
+    """"""
+
+
+class InitializeNonceParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Initialize nonce account system instruction params."""
+
+    nonce_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    authorized_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+
+
+class AdvanceNonceParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Advance nonce account system instruction params."""
+
+    nonce_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    authorized_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+
+
+class WithdrawNonceParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Withdraw nonce account system transaction params."""
+
+    nonce_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    authorized_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    to_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    lamports: int
+    """"""
+
+
+class AuthorizeNonceParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Authorize nonce account system transaction params."""
+
+    nonce_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    authorized_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    new_authorized_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+
+
+class AllocateParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Allocate account with seed system transaction params."""
+
+    account_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    space: int
+    """"""
+
+
+class AllocateWithSeedParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Allocate account with seed system transaction params."""
+
+    account_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    base_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    seed: str
+    """"""
+    space: int
+    """"""
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """"""
+
+
+class AssignWithSeedParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Assign account with seed system transaction params."""
+
+    account_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    base_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    seed: str
+    """"""
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """"""
+
+
+def __check_program_id(program_id: PublicKey) -> None:
+    if program_id != SYS_PROGRAM_ID:
+        raise ValueError("invalid instruction: programId is not SystemProgram")
+
+
+def __parse_and_validate_instruction(
+    instruction: TransactionInstruction,
+    expected_keys: int,
+    expected_type: InstructionType,
+) -> Any:  # Returns a Construct container.
+    validate_instruction_keys(instruction, expected_keys)
+    data = SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.parse(instruction.data)
+    validate_instruction_type(data, expected_type)
+    return data
+
+
+def decode_create_account(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> CreateAccountParams:
+    """Decode a create account system instruction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> from_account, new_account, program_id = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3)
+        >>> instruction = create_account(
+        ...     CreateAccountParams(
+        ...         from_pubkey=from_account, new_account_pubkey=new_account,
+        ...         lamports=1, space=1, program_id=program_id)
+        ... )
+        >>> decode_create_account(instruction)
+        CreateAccountParams(from_pubkey=11111111111111111111111111111112, new_account_pubkey=11111111111111111111111111111113, lamports=1, space=1, program_id=11111111111111111111111111111114)
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction params.
+    """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 2, InstructionType.CREATE_ACCOUNT)
+    return CreateAccountParams(
+        from_pubkey=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        new_account_pubkey=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        lamports=parsed_data.args.lamports,
+        space=parsed_data.args.space,
+        program_id=PublicKey(parsed_data.args.program_id),
+    )
+
+
+def decode_transfer(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> TransferParams:
+    """Decode a transfer system instruction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> sender, receiver = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2)
+        >>> instruction = transfer(
+        ...     TransferParams(from_pubkey=sender, to_pubkey=receiver, lamports=1000)
+        ... )
+        >>> decode_transfer(instruction)
+        TransferParams(from_pubkey=11111111111111111111111111111112, to_pubkey=11111111111111111111111111111113, lamports=1000)
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction params.
+    """  # pylint: disable=line-too-long # noqa: E501
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 2, InstructionType.TRANSFER)
+    return TransferParams(
+        from_pubkey=instruction.keys[0].pubkey, to_pubkey=instruction.keys[1].pubkey, lamports=parsed_data.args.lamports
+    )
+
+
+def decode_allocate(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> AllocateParams:
+    """Decode an allocate system instruction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> allocator = PublicKey(1)
+        >>> instruction = allocate(
+        ...     AllocateParams(account_pubkey=allocator,space=65537)
+        ... )
+        >>> decode_allocate(instruction)
+        AllocateParams(account_pubkey=11111111111111111111111111111112, space=65537)
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction params.
+    """  # pylint: disable=line-too-long # noqa: E501
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 1, InstructionType.ALLOCATE)
+    return AllocateParams(account_pubkey=instruction.keys[0].pubkey, space=parsed_data.args.space)
+
+
+def decode_allocate_with_seed(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> AllocateWithSeedParams:
+    """Decode an allocate with seed system instruction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> allocator, base, program_id = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3)
+        >>> instruction = allocate(
+        ...     AllocateWithSeedParams(
+        ...         account_pubkey=allocator,
+        ...         base_pubkey=base,
+        ...         seed={"length": 4, "chars": "gqln"},
+        ...         space=65537,
+        ...         program_id=program_id
+        ...     )
+        ... )
+        >>> decode_allocate_with_seed(instruction)
+        AllocateWithSeedParams(account_pubkey=11111111111111111111111111111112, base_pubkey=11111111111111111111111111111113, seed=Container(length=4, chars=u'gqln'), space=65537, program_id=11111111111111111111111111111114)
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction params.
+    """  # pylint: disable=line-too-long # noqa: E501
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 1, InstructionType.ALLOCATE_WITH_SEED)
+    return AllocateWithSeedParams(
+        account_pubkey=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        base_pubkey=PublicKey(parsed_data.args.base),
+        seed=parsed_data.args.seed,
+        space=parsed_data.args.space,
+        program_id=PublicKey(parsed_data.args.program_id),
+    )
+
+
+def decode_assign(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> AssignParams:
+    """Decode an assign system instruction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> account, program_id = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2)
+        >>> instruction = assign(
+        ...     AssignParams(account_pubkey=account, program_id=program_id)
+        ... )
+        >>> decode_assign(instruction)
+        AssignParams(account_pubkey=11111111111111111111111111111112, program_id=11111111111111111111111111111113)
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction params.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 1, InstructionType.ASSIGN)
+    return AssignParams(account_pubkey=instruction.keys[0].pubkey, program_id=PublicKey(parsed_data.args.program_id))
+
+
+def decode_assign_with_seed(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> AssignWithSeedParams:
+    """Decode an assign system with seed instruction and retrieve the instruction params."""
+    raise NotImplementedError("decode_assign_with_seed not implemented")
+
+
+def decode_create_account_with_seed(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> CreateAccountWithSeedParams:
+    """Decode a create account with seed system instruction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction params.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 1, InstructionType.CREATE_ACCOUNT_WITH_SEED)
+    return CreateAccountWithSeedParams(
+        from_pubkey=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        new_account_pubkey=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        base_pubkey=PublicKey(parsed_data.args.base),
+        seed=parsed_data.args.seed,
+        lamports=parsed_data.args.lamports,
+        space=parsed_data.args.space,
+        program_id=PublicKey(parsed_data.args.program_id),
+    )
+
+
+def decode_nonce_initialize(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> InitializeNonceParams:
+    """Decode a nonce initialize system instruction and retrieve the instruction params."""
+    raise NotImplementedError("decode_nonce_initialize not implemented")
+
+
+def decode_nonce_advance(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> AdvanceNonceParams:
+    """Decode a nonce advance system instruction and retrieve the instruction params."""
+    raise NotImplementedError("decode_nonce_advance not implemented")
+
+
+def decode_nonce_withdraw(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> WithdrawNonceParams:
+    """Decode a nonce withdraw system instruction and retrieve the instruction params."""
+    raise NotImplementedError("decode_nonce_withdraw not implemented")
+
+
+def decode_nonce_authorize(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> AuthorizeNonceParams:
+    """Decode a nonce authorize system instruction and retrieve the instruction params."""
+    raise NotImplementedError("decode_nonce_authorize not implemented")
+
+
+def create_account(params: CreateAccountParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate an instruction that creates a new account.
+
+    Args:
+        params: The create account params.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> from_account, new_account, program_id = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3)
+        >>> instruction = create_account(
+        ...     CreateAccountParams(
+        ...         from_pubkey=from_account, new_account_pubkey=new_account,
+        ...         lamports=1, space=1, program_id=program_id)
+        ... )
+        >>> type(instruction)
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The instruction to create the account.
+    """
+    data = SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(
+            instruction_type=InstructionType.CREATE_ACCOUNT,
+            args=dict(lamports=params.lamports, space=params.space, program_id=bytes(params.program_id)),
+        )
+    )
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.from_pubkey, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.new_account_pubkey, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+        ],
+        program_id=SYS_PROGRAM_ID,
+        data=data,
+    )
+
+
+def assign(params: Union[AssignParams, AssignWithSeedParams]) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate an instruction that assigns an account to a program.
+
+    Args:
+        params: The assign params.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> account, program_id = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2)
+        >>> instruction = assign(
+        ...     AssignParams(account_pubkey=account, program_id=program_id)
+        ... )
+        >>> type(instruction)
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+    """
+    if isinstance(params, AssignWithSeedParams):
+        raise NotImplementedError("assign with key is not implemented")
+    data = SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.ASSIGN, args=dict(program_id=bytes(params.program_id)))
+    )
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.account_pubkey, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+        ],
+        program_id=SYS_PROGRAM_ID,
+        data=data,
+    )
+
+
+def transfer(params: TransferParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate an instruction that transfers lamports from one account to another.
+
+    Args:
+        params: The transfer params.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> sender, receiver = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2)
+        >>> instruction = transfer(
+        ...     TransferParams(from_pubkey=sender, to_pubkey=receiver, lamports=1000)
+        ... )
+        >>> type(instruction)
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The transfer instruction.
+
+    """
+    data = SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.TRANSFER, args=dict(lamports=params.lamports))
+    )
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.from_pubkey, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.to_pubkey, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        ],
+        program_id=SYS_PROGRAM_ID,
+        data=data,
+    )
+
+
+def create_account_with_seed(
+    params: CreateAccountWithSeedParams,
+) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate a instruction that creates a new account at an address generated with `from`, a seed, and programId.
+
+    Args:
+        params: account creation params.
+
+    Returns:
+        The instruction to create the account.
+    """
+    data = SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(
+            instruction_type=InstructionType.CREATE_ACCOUNT_WITH_SEED,
+            args=dict(
+                base=bytes(params.base_pubkey),
+                seed=params.seed,
+                lamports=params.lamports,
+                space=params.space,
+                program_id=bytes(params.program_id),
+            ),
+        )
+    )
+
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.from_pubkey, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.new_account_pubkey, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+    ]
+
+    if params.base_pubkey != params.from_pubkey:
+        keys.append(AccountMeta(pubkey=params.base_pubkey, is_signer=True, is_writable=False))
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=SYS_PROGRAM_ID, data=data)
+
+
+def create_nonce_account(params: Union[CreateNonceAccountParams, CreateNonceAccountWithSeedParams]) -> Transaction:
+    """Generate a Transaction that creates a new Nonce account.
+
+    Args:
+        params: The create nonce params.
+
+    Returns:
+        The transaction to create the new nonce account.
+    """
+    if isinstance(params, CreateNonceAccountParams):
+        create_account_instruction = create_account(
+            CreateAccountParams(
+                from_pubkey=params.from_pubkey,
+                new_account_pubkey=params.nonce_pubkey,
+                lamports=params.lamports,
+                space=80,  # derived from rust implementation
+                program_id=SYS_PROGRAM_ID,
+            )
+        )
+    else:
+        create_account_instruction = create_account_with_seed(
+            CreateAccountWithSeedParams(
+                from_pubkey=params.from_pubkey,
+                new_account_pubkey=params.nonce_pubkey,
+                base_pubkey=params.base_pubkey,
+                seed=params.seed,
+                lamports=params.lamports,
+                space=80,  # derived from rust implementation
+                program_id=SYS_PROGRAM_ID,
+            )
+        )
+
+    initialize_nonce_instruction = nonce_initialization(
+        InitializeNonceParams(
+            nonce_pubkey=params.nonce_pubkey,
+            authorized_pubkey=params.authorized_pubkey,
+        )
+    )
+
+    return Transaction(fee_payer=params.from_pubkey).add(create_account_instruction, initialize_nonce_instruction)
+
+
+def nonce_initialization(params: InitializeNonceParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate an instruction to initialize a Nonce account.
+
+    Args:
+        params: The nonce initialization params.
+
+    Returns:
+        The instruction to initialize the nonce account.
+
+    """
+    data = SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(
+            instruction_type=InstructionType.INITIALIZE_NONCE_ACCOUNT,
+            args=dict(
+                authorized=bytes(params.authorized_pubkey),
+            ),
+        )
+    )
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.nonce_pubkey, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=sysvar.SYSVAR_RECENT_BLOCKHASHES_PUBKEY, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=sysvar.SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+        ],
+        program_id=SYS_PROGRAM_ID,
+        data=data,
+    )
+
+
+def nonce_advance(params: AdvanceNonceParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate an instruction to advance the nonce in a Nonce account.
+
+    Args:
+        params: The advance nonce params
+
+    Returns:
+        The instruction to advance the nonce.
+    """
+    data = SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(
+            instruction_type=InstructionType.ADVANCE_NONCE_ACCOUNT,
+            args={},
+        )
+    )
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.nonce_pubkey, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=sysvar.SYSVAR_RECENT_BLOCKHASHES_PUBKEY, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.authorized_pubkey, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+        ],
+        program_id=SYS_PROGRAM_ID,
+        data=data,
+    )
+
+
+def nonce_withdraw(params: WithdrawNonceParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate an instruction that withdraws lamports from a Nonce account."""
+    raise NotImplementedError("nonce_withdraw not implemented")
+
+
+def nonce_authorize(params: AuthorizeNonceParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate an instruction that authorizes a new PublicKey as the authority on a Nonce account."""
+    raise NotImplementedError("nonce_authorize not implemented")
+
+
+def allocate(params: Union[AllocateParams, AllocateWithSeedParams]) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate an instruction that allocates space in an account without funding.
+
+    Args:
+        params: The allocate params.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> allocator = PublicKey(1)
+        >>> instruction = allocate(
+        ...     AllocateParams(account_pubkey=allocator, space=65537)
+        ... )
+        >>> type(instruction)
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The allocate instruction.
+    """
+    if isinstance(params, AllocateWithSeedParams):
+        data = SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+            dict(
+                instruction_type=InstructionType.ALLOCATE_WITH_SEED,
+                args=dict(
+                    base=bytes(params.base_pubkey),
+                    seed=params.seed,
+                    space=params.space,
+                    program_id=bytes(params.program_id),
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+    else:
+        data = SYSTEM_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+            dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.ALLOCATE, args=dict(space=params.space))
+        )
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.account_pubkey, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+        ],
+        program_id=SYS_PROGRAM_ID,
+        data=data,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/sysvar.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/sysvar.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb297d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/sysvar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""Synthetic accounts that allow programs to access certain network states."""
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+
+SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY: PublicKey = PublicKey("SysvarC1ock11111111111111111111111111111111")
+"""Public key of the synthetic account that serves the current network time."""
+
+SYSVAR_RECENT_BLOCKHASHES_PUBKEY: PublicKey = PublicKey("SysvarRecentB1ockHashes11111111111111111111")
+"""Public key of the synthetic account that serves recent blockhashes."""
+
+SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY: PublicKey = PublicKey("SysvarRent111111111111111111111111111111111")
+"""Public key of the synthetic account that serves the network fee resource consumption."""
+
+SYSVAR_REWARDS_PUBKEY: PublicKey = PublicKey("SysvarRewards111111111111111111111111111111")
+"""Public key of the synthetic account that serves the network rewards."""
+
+SYSVAR_STAKE_HISTORY_PUBKEY: PublicKey = PublicKey("SysvarStakeHistory1111111111111111111111111")
+"""Public key of the synthetic account that serves the stake history."""
+
+SYSVAR_EPOCH_SCHEDULE_PUBKEY: PublicKey = PublicKey("SysvarEpochSchedu1e111111111111111111111111")
+"""The EpochSchedule sysvar contains epoch scheduling constants that are set in genesis, and enables calculating the
+number of slots in a given epoch, the epoch for a given slot, etc. (Note: the epoch schedule is distinct from the
+`leader schedule <https://docs.solana.com/terminology#leader-schedule>`_).
+"""
+
+SYSVAR_INSTRUCTIONS_PUBKEY: PublicKey = PublicKey("Sysvar1nstructions1111111111111111111111111")
+"""
+The Instructions sysvar contains the serialized instructions in a Message while that Message is being processed.
+This allows program instructions to reference other instructions in the same transaction.
+Read more information on `instruction introspection
+<https://docs.solana.com/implemented-proposals/instruction_introspection>`_.
+"""
+
+SYSVAR_SLOT_HASHES_PUBKEY: PublicKey = PublicKey("SysvarS1otHashes111111111111111111111111111")
+"""The SlotHashes sysvar contains the most recent hashes of the slot's parent banks. It is updated every slot."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/transaction.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/transaction.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6abeded
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/transaction.py
@@ -0,0 +1,461 @@
+"""Library to package an atomic sequence of instructions to a transaction."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from sys import maxsize
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, NamedTuple, NewType, Optional, Union
+
+from based58 import b58decode, b58encode
+from nacl.exceptions import BadSignatureError  # type: ignore
+from nacl.signing import VerifyKey  # type: ignore
+
+from solana.blockhash import Blockhash
+from solana.keypair import Keypair
+from solana.message import CompiledInstruction, Message, MessageArgs, MessageHeader
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.utils import shortvec_encoding as shortvec
+
+TransactionSignature = NewType("TransactionSignature", str)
+"""Type for TransactionSignature."""
+PACKET_DATA_SIZE = 1280 - 40 - 8
+"""Constant for maximum over-the-wire size of a Transaction."""
+SIG_LENGTH = 64
+"""Constant for standard length of a signature."""
+
+
+@dataclass
+class AccountMeta:
+    """Account metadata dataclass."""
+
+    pubkey: PublicKey
+    """An account's public key."""
+    is_signer: bool
+    """True if an instruction requires a transaction signature matching `pubkey`"""
+    is_writable: bool
+    """True if the `pubkey` can be loaded as a read-write account."""
+
+
+class TransactionInstruction(NamedTuple):
+    """Transaction Instruction class."""
+
+    keys: List[AccountMeta]
+    """Public keys to include in this transaction Boolean represents whether this
+    pubkey needs to sign the transaction.
+    """
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """Program Id to execute."""
+    data: bytes = bytes(0)
+    """Program input."""
+
+
+class NonceInformation(NamedTuple):
+    """NonceInformation to be used to build a Transaction."""
+
+    nonce: Blockhash
+    """The current Nonce blockhash."""
+    nonce_instruction: TransactionInstruction
+    """AdvanceNonceAccount Instruction."""
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SigPubkeyPair:
+    """Pair of signature and corresponding public key."""
+
+    pubkey: PublicKey
+    signature: Optional[bytes] = None
+
+
+class Transaction:
+    """Transaction class to represent an atomic transaction.
+
+    Args:
+        recent_blockhash: A recent transaction id.
+        nonce_info: Nonce information.
+            If populated, transaction will use a durable Nonce hash instead of a `recent_blockhash`.
+        signatures: Signatures for the transaction.
+            Typically created by invoking the `sign()` method.
+        fee_payer: The transaction fee payer.
+    """
+
+    # Default (empty) signature
+    __DEFAULT_SIG = bytes(64)
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+        nonce_info: Optional[NonceInformation] = None,
+        signatures: Optional[List[SigPubkeyPair]] = None,
+        fee_payer: Optional[PublicKey] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Init transaction object."""
+        self.fee_payer = fee_payer
+        self.instructions: List[TransactionInstruction] = []
+        self.signatures: List[SigPubkeyPair] = signatures if signatures else []
+        self.recent_blockhash, self.nonce_info = recent_blockhash, nonce_info
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        """Equality defintion for Transactions."""
+        if not isinstance(other, Transaction):
+            return False
+        return (
+            self.recent_blockhash == other.recent_blockhash
+            and self.nonce_info == other.nonce_info
+            and self.signatures == other.signatures
+            and self.instructions == other.instructions
+        )
+
+    def signature(self) -> Optional[bytes]:
+        """The first (payer) Transaction signature.
+
+        Returns:
+            The payer signature.
+        """
+        return None if not self.signatures else self.signatures[0].signature
+
+    def add(self, *args: Union[Transaction, TransactionInstruction]) -> Transaction:
+        """Add one or more instructions to this Transaction.
+
+        Args:
+            *args: The instructions to add to this Transaction.
+                If a `Transaction` is passsed, the instructions will be extracted from it.
+
+        Returns:
+            The transaction with the added instructions.
+        """
+        for arg in args:
+            if isinstance(arg, Transaction):
+                self.instructions.extend(arg.instructions)
+            elif isinstance(arg, TransactionInstruction):
+                self.instructions.append(arg)
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("invalid instruction:", arg)
+
+        return self
+
+    def compile_message(self) -> Message:  # pylint: disable=too-many-locals
+        """Compile transaction data.
+
+        Returns:
+            The compiled message.
+        """
+        if self.nonce_info and self.instructions[0] != self.nonce_info.nonce_instruction:
+            self.recent_blockhash = self.nonce_info.nonce
+            self.instructions = [self.nonce_info.nonce_instruction] + self.instructions
+
+        if not self.recent_blockhash:
+            raise AttributeError("transaction recentBlockhash required")
+        if len(self.instructions) < 1:
+            raise AttributeError("no instructions provided")
+
+        fee_payer = self.fee_payer
+        if not fee_payer and len(self.signatures) > 0 and self.signatures[0].pubkey:
+            # Use implicit fee payer
+            fee_payer = self.signatures[0].pubkey
+
+        if not fee_payer:
+            raise AttributeError("transaction feePayer required")
+
+        account_metas, program_ids = [], []
+        for instr in self.instructions:
+            if not instr.program_id:
+                raise AttributeError("invalid instruction:", instr)
+            account_metas.extend(instr.keys)
+            if str(instr.program_id) not in program_ids:
+                program_ids.append(str(instr.program_id))
+
+        # Append programID account metas.
+        for pg_id in program_ids:
+            account_metas.append(AccountMeta(PublicKey(pg_id), False, False))
+
+        # Sort. Prioritizing first by signer, then by writable and converting from set to list.
+        account_metas.sort(key=lambda account: (not account.is_signer, not account.is_writable))
+
+        # Cull duplicate accounts
+        fee_payer_idx = maxsize
+        seen: Dict[str, int] = {}
+        uniq_metas: List[AccountMeta] = []
+        for sig in self.signatures:
+            pubkey = str(sig.pubkey)
+            if pubkey in seen:
+                uniq_metas[seen[pubkey]].is_signer = True
+            else:
+                uniq_metas.append(AccountMeta(sig.pubkey, True, True))
+                seen[pubkey] = len(uniq_metas) - 1
+                if sig.pubkey == fee_payer:
+                    fee_payer_idx = min(fee_payer_idx, seen[pubkey])
+
+        for a_m in account_metas:
+            pubkey = str(a_m.pubkey)
+            if pubkey in seen:
+                idx = seen[pubkey]
+                uniq_metas[idx].is_writable = uniq_metas[idx].is_writable or a_m.is_writable
+            else:
+                uniq_metas.append(a_m)
+                seen[pubkey] = len(uniq_metas) - 1
+                if a_m.pubkey == fee_payer:
+                    fee_payer_idx = min(fee_payer_idx, seen[pubkey])
+
+        # Move fee payer to the front
+        if fee_payer_idx == maxsize:
+            uniq_metas = [AccountMeta(fee_payer, True, True)] + uniq_metas
+        else:
+            uniq_metas = (
+                [uniq_metas[fee_payer_idx]] + uniq_metas[:fee_payer_idx] + uniq_metas[fee_payer_idx + 1 :]  # noqa: E203
+            )
+
+        # Split out signing from nonsigning keys and count readonlys
+        signed_keys: List[str] = []
+        unsigned_keys: List[str] = []
+        num_required_signatures = num_readonly_signed_accounts = num_readonly_unsigned_accounts = 0
+        for a_m in uniq_metas:
+            if a_m.is_signer:
+                signed_keys.append(str(a_m.pubkey))
+                num_required_signatures += 1
+                num_readonly_signed_accounts += int(not a_m.is_writable)
+            else:
+                num_readonly_unsigned_accounts += int(not a_m.is_writable)
+                unsigned_keys.append(str(a_m.pubkey))
+        # Initialize signature array, if needed
+        if not self.signatures:
+            self.signatures = [SigPubkeyPair(pubkey=PublicKey(key), signature=None) for key in signed_keys]
+
+        account_keys: List[str] = signed_keys + unsigned_keys
+        account_indices: Dict[str, int] = {str(key): i for i, key in enumerate(account_keys)}
+        compiled_instructions: List[CompiledInstruction] = [
+            CompiledInstruction(
+                accounts=[account_indices[str(a_m.pubkey)] for a_m in instr.keys],
+                program_id_index=account_indices[str(instr.program_id)],
+                data=b58encode(instr.data),
+            )
+            for instr in self.instructions
+        ]
+
+        return Message(
+            MessageArgs(
+                header=MessageHeader(
+                    num_required_signatures=num_required_signatures,
+                    num_readonly_signed_accounts=num_readonly_signed_accounts,
+                    num_readonly_unsigned_accounts=num_readonly_unsigned_accounts,
+                ),
+                account_keys=account_keys,
+                instructions=compiled_instructions,
+                recent_blockhash=self.recent_blockhash,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def serialize_message(self) -> bytes:
+        """Get raw transaction data that need to be covered by signatures.
+
+        Returns:
+            The serialized message.
+        """
+        return self.compile_message().serialize()
+
+    def sign_partial(self, *partial_signers: Union[PublicKey, Keypair]) -> None:
+        """Partially sign a Transaction with the specified accounts.
+
+        The `Keypair` inputs will be used to sign the Transaction immediately, while any
+        `PublicKey` inputs will be referenced in the signed Transaction but need to
+        be filled in later by calling `addSigner()` with the matching `Keypair`.
+
+        All the caveats from the `sign` method apply to `signPartial`
+        """
+
+        def partial_signer_pubkey(account_or_pubkey: Union[PublicKey, Keypair]):
+            return account_or_pubkey.public_key if isinstance(account_or_pubkey, Keypair) else account_or_pubkey
+
+        signatures: List[SigPubkeyPair] = [
+            SigPubkeyPair(pubkey=partial_signer_pubkey(partial_signer)) for partial_signer in partial_signers
+        ]
+        self.signatures = signatures
+        sign_data = self.serialize_message()
+
+        for idx, partial_signer in enumerate(partial_signers):
+            if isinstance(partial_signer, Keypair):
+                sig = partial_signer.sign(sign_data).signature
+                if len(sig) != SIG_LENGTH:
+                    raise RuntimeError("signature has invalid length", sig)
+                self.signatures[idx].signature = sig
+
+    def sign(self, *signers: Keypair) -> None:
+        """Sign the Transaction with the specified accounts.
+
+        Multiple signatures may be applied to a Transaction. The first signature
+        is considered "primary" and is used when testing for Transaction confirmation.
+
+        Transaction fields should not be modified after the first call to `sign`,
+        as doing so may invalidate the signature and cause the Transaction to be
+        rejected.
+
+        The Transaction must be assigned a valid `recentBlockhash` before invoking this method.
+        """
+        self.sign_partial(*signers)
+
+    def add_signature(self, pubkey: PublicKey, signature: bytes) -> None:
+        """Add an externally created signature to a transaction."""
+        if len(signature) != SIG_LENGTH:
+            raise ValueError("signature has invalid length", signature)
+        idx = next((i for i, sig_pair in enumerate(self.signatures) if sig_pair.pubkey == pubkey), None)
+        if idx is None:
+            raise ValueError("unknown signer: ", str(pubkey))
+        self.signatures[idx].signature = signature
+
+    def add_signer(self, signer: Keypair) -> None:
+        """Fill in a signature for a partially signed Transaction.
+
+        The `signer` must be the corresponding `Keypair` for a `PublicKey` that was
+        previously provided to `signPartial`
+        """
+        signed_msg = signer.sign(self.serialize_message())
+        self.add_signature(signer.public_key, signed_msg.signature)
+
+    def verify_signatures(self) -> bool:
+        """Verify signatures of a complete, signed Transaction.
+
+        Returns:
+            a bool indicating if the signatures are correct or not.
+        """
+        return self.__verify_signatures(self.serialize_message())
+
+    def __verify_signatures(self, signed_data: bytes) -> bool:
+        for sig_pair in self.signatures:
+            if not sig_pair.signature:
+                return False
+            try:
+                VerifyKey(bytes(sig_pair.pubkey)).verify(signed_data, sig_pair.signature)
+            except BadSignatureError:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    def serialize(self) -> bytes:
+        """Serialize the Transaction in the wire format.
+
+        The Transaction must have a valid `signature` before invoking this method.
+
+        Example:
+
+            >>> from solana.keypair import Keypair
+            >>> from solana.blockhash import Blockhash
+            >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+            >>> from solana.system_program import transfer, TransferParams
+            >>> seed = bytes(PublicKey(1))
+            >>> sender, receiver = Keypair.from_seed(seed), PublicKey(2)
+            >>> transfer_tx = Transaction().add(transfer(TransferParams(from_pubkey=sender.public_key, to_pubkey=receiver, lamports=1000)))
+            >>> transfer_tx.recent_blockhash = Blockhash(str(PublicKey(3)))
+            >>> transfer_tx.sign(sender)
+            >>> transfer_tx.serialize().hex()
+            '019d53be8af3a7c30f86c1092d2c3ea61d270c0cfa275a23ba504674c8fbbb724827b23b42dc8e08019e23120f1b6f40f9799355ce54185b4415be37ca2cee6e0e010001034cb5abf6ad79fbf5abbccafcc269d85cd2651ed4b885b5869f241aedf0a5ba2900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000301020200010c02000000e803000000000000'
+
+        Returns:
+            The serialized transaction.
+        """  # noqa: E501 pylint: disable=line-too-long
+        if not self.signatures:
+            raise AttributeError("transaction has not been signed")
+
+        sign_data = self.serialize_message()
+        if not self.__verify_signatures(sign_data):
+            raise AttributeError("transaction has not been signed correctly")
+
+        return self.__serialize(sign_data)
+
+    def __serialize(self, signed_data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        if len(self.signatures) >= SIG_LENGTH * 4:
+            raise AttributeError("too many signatures to encode")
+        wire_transaction = bytearray()
+        # Encode signature count
+        signature_count = shortvec.encode_length(len(self.signatures))
+        wire_transaction.extend(signature_count)
+        # Encode signatures
+        for sig_pair in self.signatures:
+            if sig_pair.signature and len(sig_pair.signature) != SIG_LENGTH:
+                raise RuntimeError("signature has invalid length", sig_pair.signature)
+
+            if not sig_pair.signature:
+                wire_transaction.extend(bytearray(SIG_LENGTH))
+            else:
+                wire_transaction.extend(sig_pair.signature)
+        # Encode signed data
+        wire_transaction.extend(signed_data)
+
+        if len(wire_transaction) > PACKET_DATA_SIZE:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"transaction too large: {len(wire_transaction)} > {PACKET_DATA_SIZE}")
+
+        return bytes(wire_transaction)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def deserialize(raw_transaction: bytes) -> Transaction:
+        """Parse a wire transaction into a Transaction object.
+
+        Example:
+
+            >>> raw_transaction = bytes.fromhex(
+            ...     '019d53be8af3a7c30f86c1092d2c3ea61d270c0cfa2'
+            ...     '75a23ba504674c8fbbb724827b23b42dc8e08019e23'
+            ...     '120f1b6f40f9799355ce54185b4415be37ca2cee6e0'
+            ...     'e010001034cb5abf6ad79fbf5abbccafcc269d85cd2'
+            ...     '651ed4b885b5869f241aedf0a5ba290000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000200000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '000000301020200010c02000000e803000000000000'
+            ... )
+            >>> type(Transaction.deserialize(raw_transaction))
+            <class 'solana.transaction.Transaction'>
+
+        Returns:
+            The deserialized transaction.
+        """
+        signatures = []
+        signature_count, offset = shortvec.decode_length(raw_transaction)
+        for _ in range(signature_count):
+            signatures.append(b58encode(raw_transaction[offset : offset + SIG_LENGTH]))  # noqa: E203
+            offset += SIG_LENGTH
+        return Transaction.populate(Message.deserialize(raw_transaction[offset:]), signatures)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def populate(message: Message, signatures: List[bytes]) -> Transaction:
+        """Populate Transaction object from message and signatures.
+
+        Example:
+
+            >>> raw_message = bytes.fromhex(
+            ...     '0200030500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000300000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0004000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+            ...     '0000000000000005c49ae77603782054f17a9decea43b444eba0'
+            ...     'edb12c6f1d31c6e0e4a84bf052eb010403010203050909090909'
+            ... )
+            >>> from based58 import b58encode
+            >>> from solana.message import Message
+            >>> msg = Message.deserialize(raw_message)
+            >>> signatures = [b58encode(bytes([1] * SIG_LENGTH)), b58encode(bytes([2] * SIG_LENGTH))]
+            >>> type(Transaction.populate(msg, signatures))
+            <class 'solana.transaction.Transaction'>
+
+        Returns:
+            The populated transaction.
+        """
+        transaction = Transaction(recent_blockhash=message.recent_blockhash)
+
+        for idx, sig in enumerate(signatures):
+            signature = None if sig == b58encode(Transaction.__DEFAULT_SIG) else b58decode(sig)
+            transaction.signatures.append(SigPubkeyPair(pubkey=message.account_keys[idx], signature=signature))
+
+        for instr in message.instructions:
+            account_metas: List[AccountMeta] = []
+            for acc_idx in instr.accounts:
+                pubkey = message.account_keys[acc_idx]
+                is_signer = any((pubkey == sigkeypair.pubkey for sigkeypair in transaction.signatures))
+                account_metas.append(
+                    AccountMeta(pubkey=pubkey, is_signer=is_signer, is_writable=message.is_account_writable(acc_idx))
+                )
+            program_id = message.account_keys[instr.program_id_index]
+            transaction.instructions.append(
+                TransactionInstruction(keys=account_metas, program_id=program_id, data=b58decode(instr.data))
+            )
+
+        return transaction
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2876df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Utility functions for solanaweb3."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/cluster.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/cluster.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..526d6d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/cluster.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+"""Tools for getting RPC cluster information."""
+
+from typing import NamedTuple, Literal, Optional
+
+
+class ClusterUrls(NamedTuple):
+    """A collection of urls for each cluster."""
+
+    devnet: str
+    testnet: str
+    mainnet_beta: str
+
+
+class Endpoint(NamedTuple):
+    """Container for http and https cluster urls."""
+
+    http: ClusterUrls
+    https: ClusterUrls
+
+
+ENDPOINT = Endpoint(
+    http=ClusterUrls(
+        devnet="http://api.devnet.solana.com",
+        testnet="http://api.testnet.solana.com",
+        mainnet_beta="http://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com/",
+    ),
+    https=ClusterUrls(
+        devnet="https://api.devnet.solana.com",
+        testnet="https://api.testnet.solana.com",
+        mainnet_beta="https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com/",
+    ),
+)
+
+
+Cluster = Literal["devnet", "testnet", "mainnet-beta"]
+
+
+def cluster_api_url(cluster: Optional[Cluster] = None, tls: bool = True) -> str:
+    """Retrieve the RPC API URL for the specified cluster.
+
+    :param cluster: The name of the cluster to use.
+    :param tls: If True, use https. Defaults to True.
+    """
+    urls = ENDPOINT.https if tls else ENDPOINT.http
+    if cluster is None:
+        return urls.devnet
+    return getattr(urls, cluster)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/ed25519_base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/ed25519_base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0cb8c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/ed25519_base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+"""Curve25519/ed25519 helpers.
+
+Sourced from https://github.com/warner/python-pure25519/blob/master/pure25519/basic.py
+"""
+# pylint: disable = invalid-name
+Q = 2 ** 255 - 19
+L = 2 ** 252 + 27742317777372353535851937790883648493
+
+
+def _inv(x):
+    return pow(x, Q - 2, Q)
+
+
+d = -121665 * _inv(121666)
+I = pow(2, (Q - 1) // 4, Q)  # noqa: E741
+
+
+def _xrecover(y):
+    xx = (y * y - 1) * _inv(d * y * y + 1)
+    x = pow(xx, (Q + 3) // 8, Q)
+    if (x * x - xx) % Q != 0:
+        x = (x * I) % Q
+    if x % 2 != 0:
+        x = Q - x
+    return x
+
+
+def _isoncurve(P):
+    x = P[0]
+    y = P[1]
+    return (-x * x + y * y - 1 - d * x * x * y * y) % Q == 0
+
+
+class NotOnCurve(Exception):
+    """Raised when point fall off the curve."""
+
+
+def _decodepoint(unclamped: int):
+    clamp = (1 << 255) - 1
+    y = unclamped & clamp  # clear MSB
+    x = _xrecover(y)
+    if bool(x & 1) != bool(unclamped & (1 << 255)):
+        x = Q - x
+    P = [x, y]
+    if not _isoncurve(P):
+        raise NotOnCurve("decoding point that is not on curve")
+    return P
+
+
+def is_on_curve(s: bytes) -> bool:
+    """Verify the bytes s is a valid point on curve or not."""
+    unclamped = int.from_bytes(s, byteorder="little")
+    try:
+        _ = _decodepoint(unclamped)
+    except NotOnCurve:
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/helpers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..015b069
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""Helper functions."""
+
+from base64 import b64decode
+
+from based58 import b58decode
+
+
+def from_uint8_bytes(uint8: bytes) -> int:
+    """Convert from uint8 to python int."""
+    return int.from_bytes(uint8, byteorder="little")
+
+
+def to_uint8_bytes(val: int) -> bytes:
+    """Convert an integer to uint8."""
+    return val.to_bytes(1, byteorder="little")
+
+
+def decode_byte_string(byte_string: str, encoding: str = "base64") -> bytes:
+    """Decode an encoded string from an RPC Response."""
+    b_str = str.encode(byte_string)
+    if encoding == "base64":
+        return b64decode(b_str)
+    if encoding == "base58":
+        return b58decode(b_str)
+
+    raise NotImplementedError(f"{encoding} decoding not currently supported.")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/shortvec_encoding.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/shortvec_encoding.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5590f2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/shortvec_encoding.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""Library for ShortVec encoding."""
+from typing import Tuple
+
+
+def decode_length(raw_bytes: bytes) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    """Return the decoded length and how many bytes it consumed."""
+    length = size = 0
+    while size < len(raw_bytes):
+        elem = raw_bytes[size]
+        length |= (elem & 0x7F) << (size * 7)
+        size += 1
+        if (elem & 0x80) == 0:
+            break
+    return length, size
+
+
+def encode_length(value: int) -> bytes:
+    """Return the serialized length in compact-u16 format."""
+    elems, rem_len = [], value
+    while True:
+        elem = rem_len & 0x7F
+        rem_len >>= 7
+        if not rem_len:
+            elems.append(elem)
+            break
+        elem |= 0x80
+        elems.append(elem)
+    return bytes(elems)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/validate.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/validate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c91ebe5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/utils/validate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""Validation utilities."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from enum import IntEnum
+from typing import Any
+
+from solana.transaction import TransactionInstruction
+
+
+def validate_instruction_keys(instruction: TransactionInstruction, expected: int) -> None:
+    """Verify length of AccountMeta list of a transaction instruction is at least the expected length.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: A TransactionInstruction object.
+        expected: The expected length.
+    """
+    if len(instruction.keys) < expected:
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid instruction: found {len(instruction.keys)} keys, expected at least {expected}")
+
+
+def validate_instruction_type(parsed_data: Any, expected_type: IntEnum) -> None:
+    """Check that the instruction type of the parsed data matches the expected instruction type.
+
+    Args:
+        parsed_data: Parsed instruction data object with `instruction_type` field.
+        expected_type: The expected instruction type.
+    """
+    if parsed_data.instruction_type != expected_type:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"invalid instruction; instruction index mismatch {parsed_data.instruction_type} != {expected_type}"
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/vote_program.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/vote_program.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40fda41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/solana/vote_program.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""Library to interface with the vote program."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+from solana._layouts.vote_instructions import VOTE_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT, InstructionType
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.transaction import AccountMeta, TransactionInstruction
+
+VOTE_PROGRAM_ID: PublicKey = PublicKey("Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111")
+"""Public key that identifies the Vote program."""
+
+
+# Instrection Params
+class WithdrawFromVoteAccountParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Transfer SOL from vote account to identity."""
+
+    vote_account_from_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    to_pubkey: PublicKey
+    """"""
+    lamports: int
+    """"""
+    withdrawer: PublicKey
+    """"""
+
+
+def withdraw_from_vote_account(params: WithdrawFromVoteAccountParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Generate an instruction that transfers lamports from a vote account to any other.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+        >>> from solana.keypair import Keypair
+        >>> vote = PublicKey(1)
+        >>> withdrawer = Keypair.from_seed(bytes([0]*32))
+        >>> instruction = withdraw_from_vote_account(
+        ...    WithdrawFromVoteAccountParams(
+        ...        vote_account_from_pubkey=vote,
+        ...        to_pubkey=withdrawer,
+        ...        withdrawer=withdrawer,
+        ...        lamports=3_000_000_000,
+        ...    )
+        ... )
+        >>> type(instruction)
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The generated instruction.
+    """
+    data = VOTE_INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.WITHDRAW_FROM_VOTE_ACCOUNT, args=dict(lamports=params.lamports))
+    )
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.vote_account_from_pubkey, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.to_pubkey, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.withdrawer, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+        ],
+        program_id=VOTE_PROGRAM_ID,
+        data=data,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d1702f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Solana Program Library packages."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7dc3727
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Client code for interacting with the SPL Token Program."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/_layouts.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/_layouts.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5dff09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/_layouts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+"""Token instruction layouts."""
+from enum import IntEnum
+
+from construct import Switch  # type: ignore
+from construct import Int8ul, Int32ul, Int64ul, Pass  # type: ignore
+from construct import Struct as cStruct
+
+from solana._layouts.shared import PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT
+
+
+class InstructionType(IntEnum):
+    """Token instruction types."""
+
+    INITIALIZE_MINT = 0
+    INITIALIZE_ACCOUNT = 1
+    INITIALIZE_MULTISIG = 2
+    TRANSFER = 3
+    APPROVE = 4
+    REVOKE = 5
+    SET_AUTHORITY = 6
+    MINT_TO = 7
+    BURN = 8
+    CLOSE_ACCOUNT = 9
+    FREEZE_ACCOUNT = 10
+    THAW_ACCOUNT = 11
+    TRANSFER2 = 12
+    APPROVE2 = 13
+    MINT_TO2 = 14
+    BURN2 = 15
+
+
+_INITIALIZE_MINT_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "decimals" / Int8ul,
+    "mint_authority" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "freeze_authority_option" / Int8ul,
+    "freeze_authority" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+)
+
+_INITIALIZE_MULTISIG_LAYOUT = cStruct("m" / Int8ul)
+
+_AMOUNT_LAYOUT = cStruct("amount" / Int64ul)
+
+_SET_AUTHORITY_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "authority_type" / Int8ul, "new_authority_option" / Int8ul, "new_authority" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT
+)
+
+_AMOUNT2_LAYOUT = cStruct("amount" / Int64ul, "decimals" / Int8ul)
+
+INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "instruction_type" / Int8ul,
+    "args"
+    / Switch(
+        lambda this: this.instruction_type,
+        {
+            InstructionType.INITIALIZE_MINT: _INITIALIZE_MINT_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.INITIALIZE_ACCOUNT: Pass,
+            InstructionType.INITIALIZE_MULTISIG: _INITIALIZE_MULTISIG_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.TRANSFER: _AMOUNT_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.APPROVE: _AMOUNT_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.REVOKE: Pass,
+            InstructionType.SET_AUTHORITY: _SET_AUTHORITY_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.MINT_TO: _AMOUNT_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.BURN: _AMOUNT_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.CLOSE_ACCOUNT: Pass,
+            InstructionType.FREEZE_ACCOUNT: Pass,
+            InstructionType.THAW_ACCOUNT: Pass,
+            InstructionType.TRANSFER2: _AMOUNT2_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.APPROVE2: _AMOUNT2_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.MINT_TO2: _AMOUNT2_LAYOUT,
+            InstructionType.BURN2: _AMOUNT2_LAYOUT,
+        },
+    ),
+)
+
+MINT_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "mint_authority_option" / Int32ul,
+    "mint_authority" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "supply" / Int64ul,
+    "decimals" / Int8ul,
+    "is_initialized" / Int8ul,
+    "freeze_authority_option" / Int32ul,
+    "freeze_authority" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+)
+
+ACCOUNT_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "mint" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "owner" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "amount" / Int64ul,
+    "delegate_option" / Int32ul,
+    "delegate" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "state" / Int8ul,
+    "is_native_option" / Int32ul,
+    "is_native" / Int64ul,
+    "delegated_amount" / Int64ul,
+    "close_authority_option" / Int32ul,
+    "close_authority" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+)
+
+MULTISIG_LAYOUT = cStruct(
+    "m" / Int8ul,
+    "n" / Int8ul,
+    "is_initialized" / Int8ul,
+    "signer1" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer2" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer3" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer4" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer5" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer6" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer7" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer8" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer9" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer10" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+    "signer11" / PUBLIC_KEY_LAYOUT,
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/async_client.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/async_client.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8321c08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/async_client.py
@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+# pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
+"""Async SPL Token program client."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import List, Optional, Union, cast
+
+import spl.token.instructions as spl_token
+from solana.blockhash import Blockhash
+from solana.keypair import Keypair
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClient
+from solana.rpc.commitment import Commitment
+from solana.rpc.types import RPCResponse, TxOpts
+from spl.token._layouts import ACCOUNT_LAYOUT, MINT_LAYOUT, MULTISIG_LAYOUT
+from spl.token.core import AccountInfo, MintInfo, _TokenCore
+
+
+class AsyncToken(_TokenCore):  # pylint: disable=too-many-public-methods
+    """An ERC20-like Token."""
+
+    def __init__(self, conn: AsyncClient, pubkey: PublicKey, program_id: PublicKey, payer: Keypair) -> None:
+        """Initialize a client to a SPL-Token program."""
+        super().__init__(pubkey, program_id, payer)
+        self._conn = conn
+
+    @staticmethod
+    async def get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_account(conn: AsyncClient) -> int:
+        """Get the minimum balance for the account to be rent exempt.
+
+        Args:
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+
+        Returns:
+            Number of lamports required.
+        """
+        resp = await conn.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(ACCOUNT_LAYOUT.sizeof())
+        return resp["result"]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    async def get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_mint(conn: AsyncClient) -> int:
+        """Get the minimum balance for the mint to be rent exempt.
+
+        Args:
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+
+        Returns:
+            Number of lamports required.
+        """
+        resp = await conn.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(MINT_LAYOUT.sizeof())
+        return resp["result"]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    async def get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_multisig(conn: AsyncClient) -> int:
+        """Get the minimum balance for the multisig to be rent exempt.
+
+        Args:
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+
+        Returns:
+             Number of lamports required.
+        """
+        resp = await conn.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(MULTISIG_LAYOUT.sizeof())
+        return resp["result"]
+
+    async def get_accounts(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        is_delegate: bool = False,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: str = "jsonParsed",
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Get token accounts of the provided owner by the token's mint.
+
+        Args:
+            owner: Public Key of the token account owner.
+            is_delegate: (optional) Flag specifying if the `owner` public key is a delegate.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for Account data, either "base58" (slow), "base64" or jsonParsed".
+            commitment: (optional) Bank state to query.
+
+        Parsed-JSON encoding attempts to use program-specific state parsers to return more
+        human-readable and explicit account state data. If parsed-JSON is requested but a
+        valid mint cannot be found for a particular account, that account will be filtered out
+        from results. jsonParsed encoding is UNSTABLE.
+        """
+        args = self._get_accounts_args(
+            owner, commitment, encoding, self._conn._commitment  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+        )
+        return (
+            await self._conn.get_token_accounts_by_delegate(*args)
+            if is_delegate
+            else await self._conn.get_token_accounts_by_owner(*args)
+        )
+
+    async def get_balance(self, pubkey: PublicKey, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Get the balance of the provided token account.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Public Key of the token account.
+            commitment: (optional) Bank state to query.
+        """
+        return await self._conn.get_token_account_balance(pubkey, commitment)
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def create_mint(
+        cls,
+        conn: AsyncClient,
+        payer: Keypair,
+        mint_authority: PublicKey,
+        decimals: int,
+        program_id: PublicKey,
+        freeze_authority: Optional[PublicKey] = None,
+        skip_confirmation: bool = False,
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> AsyncToken:
+        """Create and initialize a token.
+
+        Args:
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+            payer: Fee payer for transaction.
+            mint_authority: Account or multisig that will control minting.
+            decimals: Location of the decimal place.
+            program_id: SPL Token program account.
+            freeze_authority: (optional) Account or multisig that can freeze token accounts.
+            skip_confirmation: (optional) Option to skip transaction confirmation.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        Returns:
+            Token object for the newly minted token.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        # Allocate memory for the account
+        balance_needed = await AsyncToken.get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_mint(conn)
+        # Construct transaction
+        token, txn, payer, mint_account, opts = _TokenCore._create_mint_args(
+            conn, payer, mint_authority, decimals, program_id, freeze_authority, skip_confirmation, balance_needed, cls
+        )
+        # Send the two instructions
+        await conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, mint_account, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return cast(AsyncToken, token)
+
+    async def create_account(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        skip_confirmation: bool = False,
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> PublicKey:
+        """Create and initialize a new account.
+
+        This account may then be used as a `transfer()` or `approve()` destination.
+
+        Args:
+            owner: User account that will own the new account.
+            skip_confirmation: (optional) Option to skip transaction confirmation.
+
+        Returns:
+            Public key of the new empty account.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        balance_needed = await AsyncToken.get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_account(self._conn)
+        new_account_pk, txn, payer, new_account, opts = self._create_account_args(
+            owner, skip_confirmation, balance_needed
+        )
+        # Send the two instructions
+        await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, new_account, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return new_account_pk
+
+    async def create_associated_token_account(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        skip_confirmation: bool = False,
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> PublicKey:
+        """Create an associated token account.
+
+        Args:
+            owner: User account that will own the associated token account.
+            skip_confirmation: (optional) Option to skip transaction confirmation.
+
+        Returns:
+            Public key of the new associated account.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        # Construct transaction
+        public_key, txn, payer, opts = self._create_associated_token_account_args(owner, skip_confirmation)
+        await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return public_key
+
+    @staticmethod
+    async def create_wrapped_native_account(
+        conn: AsyncClient,
+        program_id: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        payer: Keypair,
+        amount: int,
+        skip_confirmation: bool = False,
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> PublicKey:
+        """Create and initialize a new account on the special native token mint.
+
+        Args:
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+            program_id: SPL Token program account.
+            owner: The owner of the new token account.
+            payer: The source of the lamports to initialize, and payer of the initialization fees.
+            amount: The amount of lamports to wrap.
+            skip_confirmation: (optional) Option to skip transaction confirmation.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        Returns:
+            The new token account.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        # Allocate memory for the account
+        balance_needed = await AsyncToken.get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_account(conn)
+        new_account_public_key, txn, payer, new_account, opts = _TokenCore._create_wrapped_native_account_args(
+            program_id, owner, payer, amount, skip_confirmation, balance_needed
+        )
+        await conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, new_account, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return new_account_public_key
+
+    async def create_multisig(
+        self,
+        m: int,
+        multi_signers: List[PublicKey],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(skip_preflight=True, skip_confirmation=False),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> PublicKey:  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+        """Create and initialize a new multisig.
+
+        Args:
+            m: Number of required signatures.
+            multi_signers: Full set of signers.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        Returns:
+            Public key of the new multisig account.
+        """
+        balance_needed = await AsyncToken.get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_multisig(self._conn)
+        txn, payer, multisig = self._create_multisig_args(m, multi_signers, balance_needed)
+        await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, multisig, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return multisig.public_key
+
+    async def get_mint_info(self) -> MintInfo:
+        """Retrieve mint information."""
+        info = await self._conn.get_account_info(self.pubkey)
+        return self._create_mint_info(info)
+
+    async def get_account_info(self, account: PublicKey, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> AccountInfo:
+        """Retrieve account information."""
+        info = await self._conn.get_account_info(account, commitment)
+        return self._create_account_info(info)
+
+    async def transfer(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Transfer tokens to another account.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Public key of account to transfer tokens from.
+            dest: Public key of account to transfer tokens to.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            amount: Number of tokens to transfer.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._transfer_args(source, dest, owner, amount, multi_signers, opts)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def approve(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        delegate: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Grant a third-party permission to transfer up the specified number of tokens from an account.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Public key of the source account.
+            delegate: Account authorized to perform a transfer tokens from the source account.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            amount: Maximum number of tokens the delegate may transfer.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, payer, signers, opts = self._approve_args(source, delegate, owner, amount, multi_signers, opts)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def revoke(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Revoke transfer authority for a given account.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Source account for which transfer authority is being revoked.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multisig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, payer, signers, opts = self._revoke_args(account, owner, multi_signers, opts)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def set_authority(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        current_authority: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        authority_type: spl_token.AuthorityType,
+        new_authority: Optional[PublicKey] = None,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Assign a new authority to the account.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Public key of the token account.
+            current_authority: Current authority of the account.
+            authority_type: Type of authority to set.
+            new_authority: (optional) New authority of the account.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, payer, signers, opts = self._set_authority_args(
+            account, current_authority, authority_type, new_authority, multi_signers, opts
+        )
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def mint_to(
+        self,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        mint_authority: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Mint new tokens.
+
+        Args:
+            dest: Public key of the account to mint to.
+            mint_authority: Public key of the minting authority.
+            amount: Amount to mint.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multisig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._mint_to_args(dest, mint_authority, amount, multi_signers, opts)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def burn(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Burn tokens.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to burn tokens from.
+            owner: Owner of the account.
+            amount: Amount to burn.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._burn_args(account, owner, amount, multi_signers, opts)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def close_account(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        authority: PublicKey,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Remove approval for the transfer of any remaining tokens.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to close.
+            dest: Account to receive the remaining balance of the closed account.
+            authority: Authority which is allowed to close the account.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._close_account_args(account, dest, authority, multi_signers)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def freeze_account(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        authority: PublicKey,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Freeze account.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to freeze.
+            authority: The mint freeze authority.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `authority` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._freeze_account_args(account, authority, multi_signers)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def thaw_account(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        authority: PublicKey,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Thaw account.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to thaw.
+            authority: The mint freeze authority.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `authority` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._thaw_account_args(account, authority, multi_signers)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def transfer_checked(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Transfer tokens to another account, asserting the token mint and decimals.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Public key of account to transfer tokens from.
+            dest: Public key of account to transfer tokens to.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            amount: Number of tokens to transfer.
+            decimals: Number of decimals in transfer amount.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._transfer_checked_args(source, dest, owner, amount, decimals, multi_signers, opts)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def approve_checked(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        delegate: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Grant a third-party permission to transfer up the specified number of tokens from an account.
+
+        This method also asserts the token mint and decimals.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Public key of the source account.
+            delegate: Account authorized to perform a transfer tokens from the source account.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            amount: Maximum number of tokens the delegate may transfer.
+            decimals: Number of decimals in approve amount.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multisig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash (optional): A prefetched blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, payer, signers, opts = self._approve_checked_args(
+            source, delegate, owner, amount, decimals, multi_signers, opts
+        )
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def mint_to_checked(
+        self,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        mint_authority: PublicKey,
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Mint new tokens, asserting the token mint and decimals.
+
+        Args:
+            dest: Public key of the account to mint to.
+            mint_authority: Public key of the minting authority.
+            amount: Amount to mint.
+            decimals: Number of decimals in amount to mint.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash (optional): A prefetched blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._mint_to_checked_args(dest, mint_authority, amount, decimals, multi_signers, opts)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    async def burn_checked(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Burn tokens, asserting the token mint and decimals.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to burn tokens from.
+            owner: Owner of the account.
+            amount: Amount to burn.
+            decimals: Number of decimals in amount to burn.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multisig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._burn_checked_args(account, owner, amount, decimals, multi_signers, opts)
+        return await self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/client.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/client.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06a4c29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/client.py
@@ -0,0 +1,571 @@
+# pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
+"""SPL Token program client."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import List, Optional, Union, cast
+
+import spl.token.instructions as spl_token
+from solana.blockhash import Blockhash
+from solana.keypair import Keypair
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.rpc.api import Client
+from solana.rpc.commitment import Commitment
+from solana.rpc.types import RPCResponse, TxOpts
+from spl.token._layouts import ACCOUNT_LAYOUT, MINT_LAYOUT, MULTISIG_LAYOUT
+from spl.token.core import AccountInfo, MintInfo, _TokenCore
+
+
+class Token(_TokenCore):  # pylint: disable=too-many-public-methods
+    """An ERC20-like Token."""
+
+    def __init__(self, conn: Client, pubkey: PublicKey, program_id: PublicKey, payer: Keypair) -> None:
+        """Initialize a client to a SPL-Token program."""
+        super().__init__(pubkey, program_id, payer)
+        self._conn = conn
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_account(conn: Client) -> int:
+        """Get the minimum balance for the account to be rent exempt.
+
+        Args:
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+
+        Returns:
+            Number of lamports required.
+        """
+        resp = conn.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(ACCOUNT_LAYOUT.sizeof())
+        return resp["result"]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_mint(conn: Client) -> int:
+        """Get the minimum balance for the mint to be rent exempt.
+
+        Args:
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+
+        Returns:
+            Number of lamports required.
+        """
+        resp = conn.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(MINT_LAYOUT.sizeof())
+        return resp["result"]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_multisig(conn: Client) -> int:
+        """Get the minimum balance for the multisig to be rent exempt.
+
+        Args:
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+
+        Return: Number of lamports required.
+        """
+        resp = conn.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(MULTISIG_LAYOUT.sizeof())
+        return resp["result"]
+
+    def get_accounts(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        is_delegate: bool = False,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None,
+        encoding: str = "jsonParsed",
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Get token accounts of the provided owner by the token's mint.
+
+        Args:
+            owner: Public Key of the token account owner.
+            is_delegate: (optional) Flag specifying if the `owner` public key is a delegate.
+            commitment: (optional) Bank state to query.
+            encoding: (optional) Encoding for Account data, either "base58" (slow), "base64" or jsonParsed".
+
+
+        Parsed-JSON encoding attempts to use program-specific state parsers to return more
+        human-readable and explicit account state data. If parsed-JSON is requested but a
+        valid mint cannot be found for a particular account, that account will be filtered out
+        from results. jsonParsed encoding is UNSTABLE.
+        """
+        args = self._get_accounts_args(
+            owner, commitment, encoding, self._conn._commitment  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+        )
+        return (
+            self._conn.get_token_accounts_by_delegate(*args)
+            if is_delegate
+            else self._conn.get_token_accounts_by_owner(*args)
+        )
+
+    def get_balance(self, pubkey: PublicKey, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Get the balance of the provided token account.
+
+        Args:
+            pubkey: Public Key of the token account.
+            commitment: (optional) Bank state to query.
+        """
+        return self._conn.get_token_account_balance(pubkey, commitment)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_mint(
+        cls,
+        conn: Client,
+        payer: Keypair,
+        mint_authority: PublicKey,
+        decimals: int,
+        program_id: PublicKey,
+        freeze_authority: Optional[PublicKey] = None,
+        skip_confirmation: bool = False,
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> Token:
+        """Create and initialize a token.
+
+        Args:
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+            payer: Fee payer for transaction.
+            mint_authority: Account or multisig that will control minting.
+            decimals: Location of the decimal place.
+            program_id: SPL Token program account.
+            freeze_authority: (optional) Account or multisig that can freeze token accounts.
+            skip_confirmation: (optional) Option to skip transaction confirmation.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        Returns:
+            Token object for the newly minted token.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        # Allocate memory for the account
+        balance_needed = Token.get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_mint(conn)
+        # Construct transaction
+        token, txn, payer, mint_account, opts = _TokenCore._create_mint_args(
+            conn, payer, mint_authority, decimals, program_id, freeze_authority, skip_confirmation, balance_needed, cls
+        )
+        # Send the two instructions
+        conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, mint_account, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return cast(Token, token)
+
+    def create_account(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        skip_confirmation: bool = False,
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> PublicKey:
+        """Create and initialize a new account.
+
+        This account may then be used as a `transfer()` or `approve()` destination.
+
+        Args:
+
+            owner: User account that will own the new account.
+            skip_confirmation: (optional) Option to skip transaction confirmation.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        Returns:
+            Public key of the new empty account.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        balance_needed = Token.get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_account(self._conn)
+        new_account_pk, txn, payer, new_account, opts = self._create_account_args(
+            owner, skip_confirmation, balance_needed
+        )
+        # Send the two instructions
+        self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, new_account, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return new_account_pk
+
+    def create_associated_token_account(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        skip_confirmation: bool = False,
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> PublicKey:
+        """Create an associated token account.
+
+        Args:
+
+            owner: User account that will own the associated token account.
+            skip_confirmation: (optional) Option to skip transaction confirmation.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        Returns:
+            Public key of the new associated account.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        # Construct transaction
+        public_key, txn, payer, opts = self._create_associated_token_account_args(owner, skip_confirmation)
+        self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return public_key
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def create_wrapped_native_account(
+        conn: Client,
+        program_id: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        payer: Keypair,
+        amount: int,
+        skip_confirmation: bool = False,
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> PublicKey:
+        """Create and initialize a new account on the special native token mint.
+
+        Args:
+
+            conn: RPC connection to a solana cluster.
+            program_id: SPL Token program account.
+            owner: The owner of the new token account.
+            payer: The source of the lamports to initialize, and payer of the initialization fees.
+            amount: The amount of lamports to wrap.
+            skip_confirmation: (optional) Option to skip transaction confirmation.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        Returns:
+            The new token account.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        # Allocate memory for the account
+        balance_needed = Token.get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_account(conn)
+        new_account_public_key, txn, payer, new_account, opts = _TokenCore._create_wrapped_native_account_args(
+            program_id, owner, payer, amount, skip_confirmation, balance_needed
+        )
+        conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, new_account, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return new_account_public_key
+
+    def create_multisig(
+        self,
+        m: int,
+        multi_signers: List[PublicKey],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(skip_preflight=True, skip_confirmation=False),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> PublicKey:  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+        """Create and initialize a new multisig.
+
+        Args:
+            m: Number of required signatures.
+            multi_signers: Full set of signers.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        Returns:
+            Public key of the new multisig account.
+        """
+        balance_needed = Token.get_min_balance_rent_for_exempt_for_multisig(self._conn)
+        txn, payer, multisig = self._create_multisig_args(m, multi_signers, balance_needed)
+        self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, multisig, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+        return multisig.public_key
+
+    def get_mint_info(self) -> MintInfo:
+        """Retrieve mint information."""
+        info = self._conn.get_account_info(self.pubkey)
+        return self._create_mint_info(info)
+
+    def get_account_info(self, account: PublicKey, commitment: Optional[Commitment] = None) -> AccountInfo:
+        """Retrieve account information."""
+        info = self._conn.get_account_info(account, commitment)
+        return self._create_account_info(info)
+
+    def transfer(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Transfer tokens to another account.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Public key of account to transfer tokens from.
+            dest: Public key of account to transfer tokens to.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            amount: Number of tokens to transfer.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._transfer_args(source, dest, owner, amount, multi_signers, opts)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def approve(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        delegate: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Grant a third-party permission to transfer up the specified number of tokens from an account.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Public key of the source account.
+            delegate: Account authorized to perform a transfer tokens from the source account.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            amount: Maximum number of tokens the delegate may transfer.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, payer, signers, opts = self._approve_args(source, delegate, owner, amount, multi_signers, opts)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def revoke(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Revoke transfer authority for a given account.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Source account for which transfer authority is being revoked.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, payer, signers, opts = self._revoke_args(account, owner, multi_signers, opts)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def set_authority(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        current_authority: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        authority_type: spl_token.AuthorityType,
+        new_authority: Optional[PublicKey] = None,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Assign a new authority to the account.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Public key of the token account.
+            current_authority: Current authority of the account.
+            authority_type: Type of authority to set.
+            new_authority: (optional) New authority of the account.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, payer, signers, opts = self._set_authority_args(
+            account, current_authority, authority_type, new_authority, multi_signers, opts
+        )
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def mint_to(
+        self,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        mint_authority: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Mint new tokens.
+
+        Args:
+            dest: Public key of the account to mint to.
+            mint_authority: Public key of the minting authority.
+            amount: Amount to mint.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+
+        If skip confirmation is set to `False`, this method will block for at most 30 seconds
+        or until the transaction is confirmed.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._mint_to_args(dest, mint_authority, amount, multi_signers, opts)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def burn(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Burn tokens.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to burn tokens from.
+            owner: Owner of the account.
+            amount: Amount to burn.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._burn_args(account, owner, amount, multi_signers, opts)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def close_account(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        authority: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Remove approval for the transfer of any remaining tokens.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to close.
+            dest: Account to receive the remaining balance of the closed account.
+            authority: Authority which is allowed to close the account.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._close_account_args(account, dest, authority, multi_signers)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def freeze_account(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        authority: Union[PublicKey, Keypair],
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Freeze account.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to freeze.
+            authority: The mint freeze authority.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `authority` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._freeze_account_args(account, authority, multi_signers)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def thaw_account(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        authority: PublicKey,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Thaw account.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to thaw.
+            authority: The mint freeze authority.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `authority` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._thaw_account_args(account, authority, multi_signers)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def transfer_checked(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Transfer tokens to another account, asserting the token mint and decimals.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Public key of account to transfer tokens from.
+            dest: Public key of account to transfer tokens to.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            amount: Number of tokens to transfer.
+            decimals: Number of decimals in transfer amount.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._transfer_checked_args(source, dest, owner, amount, decimals, multi_signers, opts)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def approve_checked(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        delegate: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Grant a third-party permission to transfer up the specified number of tokens from an account.
+
+        This method also asserts the token mint and decimals.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Public key of the source account.
+            delegate: Account authorized to perform a transfer tokens from the source account.
+            owner: Owner of the source account.
+            amount: Maximum number of tokens the delegate may transfer.
+            decimals: Number of decimals in approve amount.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, payer, signers, opts = self._approve_checked_args(
+            source, delegate, owner, amount, decimals, multi_signers, opts
+        )
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, payer, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def mint_to_checked(
+        self,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        mint_authority: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Mint new tokens, asserting the token mint and decimals.
+
+        Args:
+            dest: Public key of the account to mint to.
+            mint_authority: Public key of the minting authority.
+            amount: Amount to mint.
+            decimals: Number of decimals in amount to mint.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._mint_to_checked_args(dest, mint_authority, amount, decimals, multi_signers, opts)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
+
+    def burn_checked(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]] = None,
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+        recent_blockhash: Optional[Blockhash] = None,
+    ) -> RPCResponse:
+        """Burn tokens, asserting the token mint and decimals.
+
+        Args:
+            account: Account to burn tokens from.
+            owner: Owner of the account.
+            amount: Amount to burn.
+            decimals: Number of decimals in amount to burn.
+            multi_signers: (optional) Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig.
+            opts: (optional) Transaction options.
+            recent_blockhash: (optional) a prefetched Blockhash for the transaction.
+        """
+        txn, signers, opts = self._burn_checked_args(account, owner, amount, decimals, multi_signers, opts)
+        return self._conn.send_transaction(txn, *signers, opts=opts, recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/constants.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/constants.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60b2238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/constants.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""SPL token constants."""
+
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+
+MINT_LEN: int = 82
+"""Data length of a token mint account."""
+
+ACCOUNT_LEN: int = 165
+"""Data length of a token account."""
+
+MULTISIG_LEN: int = 355
+"""Data length of a multisig token account."""
+
+ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID = PublicKey("ATokenGPvbdGVxr1b2hvZbsiqW5xWH25efTNsLJA8knL")
+"""Program ID for the associated token account program."""
+
+TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID: PublicKey = PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA")
+"""Public key that identifies the SPL token program."""
+
+WRAPPED_SOL_MINT: PublicKey = PublicKey("So11111111111111111111111111111111111111112")
+"""Public key of the "Native Mint" for wrapping SOL to SPL token.
+
+The Token Program can be used to wrap native SOL. Doing so allows native SOL to be treated like any
+other Token program token type and can be useful when being called from other programs that interact
+with the Token Program's interface.
+"""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/core.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48c4262
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,731 @@
+# pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
+"""Helper code for client.py and async_client.py."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple, Type, Union
+
+import solana.system_program as sp
+import spl.token.instructions as spl_token
+from solana.keypair import Keypair
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.rpc.api import Client
+from solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClient
+from solana.rpc.commitment import Commitment
+from solana.rpc.types import RPCResponse, TokenAccountOpts, TxOpts
+from solana.transaction import Transaction
+from solana.utils.helpers import decode_byte_string
+from spl.token._layouts import ACCOUNT_LAYOUT, MINT_LAYOUT, MULTISIG_LAYOUT  # type: ignore
+from spl.token.constants import WRAPPED_SOL_MINT
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from spl.token.async_client import AsyncToken  # noqa: F401
+    from spl.token.client import Token  # noqa: F401
+
+
+class AccountInfo(NamedTuple):
+    """Information about an account."""
+
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """The mint associated with this account."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of this account."""
+    amount: int
+    """Amount of tokens this account holds."""
+    delegate: Optional[PublicKey]
+    """The delegate for this account."""
+    delegated_amount: int
+    """The amount of tokens the delegate authorized to the delegate."""
+    is_initialized: bool
+    """ Is this account initialized."""
+    is_frozen: bool
+    """Is this account frozen."""
+    is_native: bool
+    """Is this a native token account."""
+    rent_exempt_reserve: Optional[int]
+    """If this account is a native token, it must be rent-exempt.
+
+    This value logs the rent-exempt reserve which must remain in the balance
+    until the account is closed.
+    """
+    close_authority: Optional[PublicKey]
+    """Optional authority to close the account."""
+
+
+class MintInfo(NamedTuple):
+    """Information about the mint."""
+
+    mint_authority: Optional[PublicKey]
+    """"Optional authority used to mint new tokens.
+
+    The mint authority may only be provided during mint creation. If no mint
+    authority is present then the mint has a fixed supply and no further tokens
+    may be minted.
+    """
+    supply: int
+    """Total supply of tokens."""
+    decimals: int
+    """Number of base 10 digits to the right of the decimal place."""
+    is_initialized: bool
+    """Is this mint initialized."""
+    freeze_authority: Optional[PublicKey]
+    """ Optional authority to freeze token accounts."""
+
+
+class _TokenCore:  # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods
+
+    pubkey: PublicKey
+    """The public key identifying this mint."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """Program Identifier for the Token program."""
+
+    payer: Keypair
+    """Fee payer."""
+
+    def __init__(self, pubkey: PublicKey, program_id: PublicKey, payer: Keypair) -> None:
+        """Initialize a client to a SPL-Token program."""
+        self.pubkey, self.program_id, self.payer = pubkey, program_id, payer
+
+    def _get_accounts_args(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        commitment: Optional[Commitment],
+        encoding,
+        default_commitment: Commitment,
+    ) -> Tuple[PublicKey, TokenAccountOpts, Commitment]:
+        commitment_to_use = default_commitment if commitment is None else commitment
+        return owner, TokenAccountOpts(mint=self.pubkey, encoding=encoding), commitment_to_use
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _create_mint_args(
+        conn: Union[Client, AsyncClient],
+        payer: Keypair,
+        mint_authority: PublicKey,
+        decimals: int,
+        program_id: PublicKey,
+        freeze_authority: Optional[PublicKey],
+        skip_confirmation: bool,
+        balance_needed: int,
+        cls: Union[Type[Token], Type[AsyncToken]],
+    ) -> Tuple[Union[Token, AsyncToken], Transaction, Keypair, Keypair, TxOpts]:
+        mint_keypair = Keypair()
+        token = cls(conn, mint_keypair.public_key, program_id, payer)  # type: ignore
+        # Construct transaction
+        txn = Transaction()
+        txn.add(
+            sp.create_account(
+                sp.CreateAccountParams(
+                    from_pubkey=payer.public_key,
+                    new_account_pubkey=mint_keypair.public_key,
+                    lamports=balance_needed,
+                    space=MINT_LAYOUT.sizeof(),
+                    program_id=program_id,
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        txn.add(
+            spl_token.initialize_mint(
+                spl_token.InitializeMintParams(
+                    program_id=program_id,
+                    mint=mint_keypair.public_key,
+                    decimals=decimals,
+                    mint_authority=mint_authority,
+                    freeze_authority=freeze_authority,
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return token, txn, payer, mint_keypair, TxOpts(skip_confirmation=skip_confirmation, skip_preflight=True)
+
+    def _create_account_args(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        skip_confirmation: bool,
+        balance_needed: int,
+    ) -> Tuple[PublicKey, Transaction, Keypair, Keypair, TxOpts]:
+        new_keypair = Keypair()
+        # Allocate memory for the account
+
+        # Construct transaction
+        txn = Transaction()
+        txn.add(
+            sp.create_account(
+                sp.CreateAccountParams(
+                    from_pubkey=self.payer.public_key,
+                    new_account_pubkey=new_keypair.public_key,
+                    lamports=balance_needed,
+                    space=ACCOUNT_LAYOUT.sizeof(),
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        txn.add(
+            spl_token.initialize_account(
+                spl_token.InitializeAccountParams(
+                    account=new_keypair.public_key, mint=self.pubkey, owner=owner, program_id=self.program_id
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return (
+            new_keypair.public_key,
+            txn,
+            self.payer,
+            new_keypair,
+            TxOpts(skip_preflight=True, skip_confirmation=skip_confirmation),
+        )
+
+    def _create_associated_token_account_args(
+        self,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        skip_confirmation: bool,
+    ) -> Tuple[PublicKey, Transaction, Keypair, TxOpts]:
+
+        # Construct transaction
+        txn = Transaction()
+        create_txn = spl_token.create_associated_token_account(
+            payer=self.payer.public_key, owner=owner, mint=self.pubkey
+        )
+        txn.add(create_txn)
+        return create_txn.keys[1].pubkey, txn, self.payer, TxOpts(skip_confirmation=skip_confirmation)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _create_wrapped_native_account_args(
+        program_id: PublicKey,
+        owner: PublicKey,
+        payer: Keypair,
+        amount: int,
+        skip_confirmation: bool,
+        balance_needed: int,
+    ) -> Tuple[PublicKey, Transaction, Keypair, Keypair, TxOpts]:
+        new_keypair = Keypair()
+        # Allocate memory for the account
+        # Construct transaction
+        txn = Transaction()
+        txn.add(
+            sp.create_account(
+                sp.CreateAccountParams(
+                    from_pubkey=payer.public_key,
+                    new_account_pubkey=new_keypair.public_key,
+                    lamports=balance_needed,
+                    space=ACCOUNT_LAYOUT.sizeof(),
+                    program_id=program_id,
+                )
+            )
+        )
+
+        txn.add(
+            sp.transfer(
+                sp.TransferParams(from_pubkey=payer.public_key, to_pubkey=new_keypair.public_key, lamports=amount)
+            )
+        )
+
+        txn.add(
+            spl_token.initialize_account(
+                spl_token.InitializeAccountParams(
+                    account=new_keypair.public_key, mint=WRAPPED_SOL_MINT, owner=owner, program_id=program_id
+                )
+            )
+        )
+
+        return new_keypair.public_key, txn, payer, new_keypair, TxOpts(skip_confirmation=skip_confirmation)
+
+    def _transfer_args(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts,
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(owner, Keypair):
+            owner_pubkey = owner.public_key
+            signers = [owner]
+        else:
+            owner_pubkey = owner
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.transfer(
+                spl_token.TransferParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    source=source,
+                    dest=dest,
+                    owner=owner_pubkey,
+                    amount=amount,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, signers, opts
+
+    def _set_authority_args(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        current_authority: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        authority_type: spl_token.AuthorityType,
+        new_authority: Optional[PublicKey],
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, Keypair, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(current_authority, Keypair):
+            current_authority_pubkey = current_authority.public_key
+            signers = [current_authority]
+        else:
+            current_authority_pubkey = current_authority
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.set_authority(
+                spl_token.SetAuthorityParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    account=account,
+                    authority=authority_type,
+                    current_authority=current_authority_pubkey,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                    new_authority=new_authority,
+                )
+            )
+        )
+
+        return txn, self.payer, signers, opts
+
+    def _mint_to_args(
+        self,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        mint_authority: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts,
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(mint_authority, Keypair):
+            owner_pubkey = mint_authority.public_key
+            signers = [mint_authority]
+        else:
+            owner_pubkey = mint_authority
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.mint_to(
+                spl_token.MintToParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    mint=self.pubkey,
+                    dest=dest,
+                    mint_authority=owner_pubkey,
+                    amount=amount,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, signers, opts
+
+    def _create_mint_info(self, info: RPCResponse) -> MintInfo:
+        if not info:
+            raise ValueError("Failed to find mint account")
+        owner = info["result"]["value"]["owner"]
+        if owner != str(self.program_id):
+            raise AttributeError(f"Invalid mint owner: {owner}")
+
+        bytes_data = decode_byte_string(info["result"]["value"]["data"][0])
+        if len(bytes_data) != MINT_LAYOUT.sizeof():
+            raise ValueError("Invalid mint size")
+
+        decoded_data = MINT_LAYOUT.parse(bytes_data)
+        decimals = decoded_data.decimals
+
+        if decoded_data.mint_authority_option == 0:
+            mint_authority = None
+        else:
+            mint_authority = PublicKey(decoded_data.mint_authority)
+
+        supply = decoded_data.supply
+        is_initialized = decoded_data.is_initialized != 0
+
+        if decoded_data.freeze_authority_option == 0:
+            freeze_authority = None
+        else:
+            freeze_authority = PublicKey(decoded_data.freeze_authority)
+
+        return MintInfo(mint_authority, supply, decimals, is_initialized, freeze_authority)
+
+    def _create_account_info(self, info: RPCResponse) -> AccountInfo:
+        if not info:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid account owner")
+
+        if info["result"]["value"]["owner"] != str(self.program_id):
+            raise AttributeError("Invalid account owner")
+
+        bytes_data = decode_byte_string(info["result"]["value"]["data"][0])
+        if len(bytes_data) != ACCOUNT_LAYOUT.sizeof():
+            raise ValueError("Invalid account size")
+
+        decoded_data = ACCOUNT_LAYOUT.parse(bytes_data)
+
+        mint = PublicKey(decoded_data.mint)
+        owner = PublicKey(decoded_data.owner)
+        amount = decoded_data.amount
+
+        if decoded_data.delegate_option == 0:
+            delegate = None
+            delegated_amount = 0
+        else:
+            delegate = PublicKey(decoded_data.delegate)
+            delegated_amount = decoded_data.delegated_amount
+
+        is_initialized = decoded_data.state != 0
+        is_frozen = decoded_data.state == 2
+
+        if decoded_data.is_native_option == 1:
+            rent_exempt_reserve = decoded_data.is_native
+            is_native = True
+        else:
+            rent_exempt_reserve = None
+            is_native = False
+
+        if decoded_data.close_authority_option == 0:
+            close_authority = None
+        else:
+            close_authority = PublicKey(decoded_data.owner)
+
+        if mint != self.pubkey:
+            raise AttributeError(f"Invalid account mint: {decoded_data.mint} != {self.pubkey}")
+
+        return AccountInfo(
+            mint,
+            owner,
+            amount,
+            delegate,
+            delegated_amount,
+            is_initialized,
+            is_frozen,
+            is_native,
+            rent_exempt_reserve,
+            close_authority,
+        )
+
+    def _approve_args(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        delegate: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, Keypair, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(owner, Keypair):
+            owner_pubkey = owner.public_key
+            signers = [owner]
+        else:
+            owner_pubkey = owner
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.approve(
+                spl_token.ApproveParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    source=source,
+                    delegate=delegate,
+                    owner=owner_pubkey,
+                    amount=amount,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, self.payer, signers, opts
+
+    def _revoke_args(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, Keypair, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(owner, Keypair):
+            owner_pubkey = owner.public_key
+            signers = [owner]
+        else:
+            owner_pubkey = owner
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.revoke(
+                spl_token.RevokeParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    account=account,
+                    owner=owner_pubkey,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, self.payer, signers, opts
+
+    def _freeze_account_args(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        authority: Union[PublicKey, Keypair],
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(authority, Keypair):
+            authority_pubkey = authority.public_key
+            signers = [authority]
+        else:
+            authority_pubkey = authority
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.freeze_account(
+                spl_token.FreezeAccountParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    account=account,
+                    mint=self.pubkey,
+                    authority=authority_pubkey,
+                    multi_signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, signers, opts
+
+    def _thaw_account_args(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        authority: Union[PublicKey, Keypair],
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(authority, Keypair):
+            authority_pubkey = authority.public_key
+            signers = [authority]
+        else:
+            authority_pubkey = authority
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.thaw_account(
+                spl_token.ThawAccountParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    account=account,
+                    mint=self.pubkey,
+                    authority=authority_pubkey,
+                    multi_signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, signers, opts
+
+    def _close_account_args(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        authority: Union[PublicKey, Keypair],
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(authority, Keypair):
+            authority_pubkey = authority.public_key
+            signers = [authority]
+        else:
+            authority_pubkey = authority
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.close_account(
+                spl_token.CloseAccountParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    account=account,
+                    dest=dest,
+                    owner=authority_pubkey,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, signers, opts
+
+    def _burn_args(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[PublicKey, Keypair],
+        amount: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts = TxOpts(),
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(owner, Keypair):
+            owner_pubkey = owner.public_key
+            signers = [owner]
+        else:
+            owner_pubkey = owner
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.burn(
+                spl_token.BurnParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    account=account,
+                    mint=self.pubkey,
+                    owner=owner_pubkey,
+                    amount=amount,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, signers, opts
+
+    def _create_multisig_args(
+        self,
+        m: int,
+        signers: List[PublicKey],
+        balance_needed: int,
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, Keypair, Keypair]:
+        multisig_keypair = Keypair()
+
+        txn = Transaction()
+        txn.add(
+            sp.create_account(
+                sp.CreateAccountParams(
+                    from_pubkey=self.payer.public_key,
+                    new_account_pubkey=multisig_keypair.public_key,
+                    lamports=balance_needed,
+                    space=MULTISIG_LAYOUT.sizeof(),
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        txn.add(
+            spl_token.initialize_multisig(
+                spl_token.InitializeMultisigParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    multisig=multisig_keypair.public_key,
+                    m=m,
+                    signers=signers,
+                )
+            )
+        )
+
+        return txn, self.payer, multisig_keypair
+
+    def _transfer_checked_args(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts,
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(owner, Keypair):
+            owner_pubkey = owner.public_key
+            signers = [owner]
+        else:
+            owner_pubkey = owner
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.transfer_checked(
+                spl_token.TransferCheckedParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    source=source,
+                    mint=self.pubkey,
+                    dest=dest,
+                    owner=owner_pubkey,
+                    amount=amount,
+                    decimals=decimals,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, signers, opts
+
+    def _mint_to_checked_args(
+        self,
+        dest: PublicKey,
+        mint_authority: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts,
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(mint_authority, Keypair):
+            owner_pubkey = mint_authority.public_key
+            signers = [mint_authority]
+        else:
+            owner_pubkey = mint_authority
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.mint_to_checked(
+                spl_token.MintToCheckedParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    mint=self.pubkey,
+                    dest=dest,
+                    mint_authority=owner_pubkey,
+                    amount=amount,
+                    decimals=decimals,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, signers, opts
+
+    def _burn_checked_args(
+        self,
+        account: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts,
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(owner, Keypair):
+            owner_pubkey = owner.public_key
+            signers = [owner]
+        else:
+            owner_pubkey = owner
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.burn_checked(
+                spl_token.BurnCheckedParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    mint=self.pubkey,
+                    account=account,
+                    owner=owner_pubkey,
+                    amount=amount,
+                    decimals=decimals,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, signers, opts
+
+    def _approve_checked_args(
+        self,
+        source: PublicKey,
+        delegate: PublicKey,
+        owner: Union[Keypair, PublicKey],
+        amount: int,
+        decimals: int,
+        multi_signers: Optional[List[Keypair]],
+        opts: TxOpts,
+    ) -> Tuple[Transaction, Keypair, List[Keypair], TxOpts]:
+        if isinstance(owner, Keypair):
+            owner_pubkey = owner.public_key
+            signers = [owner]
+        else:
+            owner_pubkey = owner
+            signers = multi_signers if multi_signers else []
+
+        txn = Transaction().add(
+            spl_token.approve_checked(
+                spl_token.ApproveCheckedParams(
+                    program_id=self.program_id,
+                    source=source,
+                    mint=self.pubkey,
+                    delegate=delegate,
+                    owner=owner_pubkey,
+                    amount=amount,
+                    decimals=decimals,
+                    signers=[signer.public_key for signer in signers],
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        return txn, self.payer, signers, opts
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/instructions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/instructions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2522d7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spl/token/instructions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1147 @@
+"""SPL token instructions."""  # pylint: disable=too-many-lines
+
+from enum import IntEnum
+from typing import Any, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Union
+
+from solana.publickey import PublicKey
+from solana.system_program import SYS_PROGRAM_ID
+from solana.sysvar import SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY
+from solana.transaction import AccountMeta, TransactionInstruction
+from solana.utils.validate import validate_instruction_keys, validate_instruction_type
+from spl.token._layouts import INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT, InstructionType
+from spl.token.constants import ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
+
+
+class AuthorityType(IntEnum):
+    """Specifies the authority type for SetAuthority instructions."""
+
+    MINT_TOKENS = 0
+    """"Authority to mint new tokens."""
+    FREEZE_ACCOUNT = 1
+    """Authority to freeze any account associated with the Mint."""
+    ACCOUNT_OWNER = 2
+    """Owner of a given token account."""
+    CLOSE_ACCOUNT = 3
+    """Authority to close a token account."""
+
+
+# Instruction Params
+class InitializeMintParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Initialize token mint transaction params."""
+
+    decimals: int
+    """Number of base 10 digits to the right of the decimal place."""
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    mint_authority: PublicKey
+    """The authority/multisignature to mint tokens."""
+    freeze_authority: Optional[PublicKey] = None
+    """The freeze authority/multisignature of the mint."""
+
+
+class InitializeAccountParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Initialize token account transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    account: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the new account."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of the new account."""
+
+
+class InitializeMultisigParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Initialize multisig token account transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    multisig: PublicKey
+    """New multisig account address."""
+    m: int
+    """The number of signers (M) required to validate this multisignature account."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Addresses of multisig signers."""
+
+
+class TransferParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Transfer token transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    source: PublicKey
+    """Source account."""
+    dest: PublicKey
+    """Destination account."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of the source account."""
+    amount: int
+    """Number of tokens to transfer."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig."""
+
+
+class ApproveParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Approve token transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    source: PublicKey
+    """Source account."""
+    delegate: PublicKey
+    """Delegate account authorized to perform a transfer of tokens from the source account."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of the source account."""
+    amount: int
+    """Maximum number of tokens the delegate may transfer."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig."""
+
+
+class RevokeParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Revoke token transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    account: PublicKey
+    """Source account for which transfer authority is being revoked."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of the source account."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig."""
+
+
+class SetAuthorityParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Set token authority transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    account: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the token account."""
+    authority: AuthorityType
+    """The type of authority to update."""
+    current_authority: PublicKey
+    """Current authority of the specified type."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `current_authority` is a multiSig."""
+    new_authority: Optional[PublicKey] = None
+    """New authority of the account."""
+
+
+class MintToParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Mint token transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    dest: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the account to mint to."""
+    mint_authority: PublicKey
+    """The mint authority."""
+    amount: int
+    """Amount to mint."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `mint_authority` is a multiSig."""
+
+
+class BurnParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Burn token transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    account: PublicKey
+    """Account to burn tokens from."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of the account."""
+    amount: int
+    """Amount to burn."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig"""
+
+
+class CloseAccountParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Close token account transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    account: PublicKey
+    """Address of account to close."""
+    dest: PublicKey
+    """Address of account to receive the remaining balance of the closed account."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of the account."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig"""
+
+
+class FreezeAccountParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Freeze token account transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    account: PublicKey
+    """Account to freeze."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    authority: PublicKey
+    """Mint freeze authority"""
+    multi_signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `authority` is a multiSig"""
+
+
+class ThawAccountParams(NamedTuple):
+    """Thaw token account transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    account: PublicKey
+    """Account to thaw."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    authority: PublicKey
+    """Mint freeze authority"""
+    multi_signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `authority` is a multiSig"""
+
+
+class TransferCheckedParams(NamedTuple):
+    """TransferChecked token transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    source: PublicKey
+    """Source account."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    dest: PublicKey
+    """Destination account."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of the source account."""
+    amount: int
+    """Number of tokens to transfer."""
+    decimals: int
+    """Amount decimals."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig."""
+
+
+class ApproveCheckedParams(NamedTuple):
+    """ApproveChecked token transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    source: PublicKey
+    """Source account."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    delegate: PublicKey
+    """Delegate account authorized to perform a transfer of tokens from the source account."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of the source account."""
+    amount: int
+    """Maximum number of tokens the delegate may transfer."""
+    decimals: int
+    """Amount decimals."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig."""
+
+
+class MintToCheckedParams(NamedTuple):
+    """MintToChecked token transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    dest: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the account to mint to."""
+    mint_authority: PublicKey
+    """The mint authority."""
+    amount: int
+    """Amount to mint."""
+    decimals: int
+    """Amount decimals."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `mint_authority` is a multiSig."""
+
+
+class BurnCheckedParams(NamedTuple):
+    """BurnChecked token transaction params."""
+
+    program_id: PublicKey
+    """SPL Token program account."""
+    mint: PublicKey
+    """Public key of the minter account."""
+    account: PublicKey
+    """Account to burn tokens from."""
+    owner: PublicKey
+    """Owner of the account."""
+    amount: int
+    """Amount to burn."""
+    decimals: int
+    """Amount decimals."""
+    signers: List[PublicKey] = []
+    """Signing accounts if `owner` is a multiSig"""
+
+
+def __parse_and_validate_instruction(
+    instruction: TransactionInstruction,
+    expected_keys: int,
+    expected_type: InstructionType,
+) -> Any:  # Returns a Construct container.
+    validate_instruction_keys(instruction, expected_keys)
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.parse(instruction.data)
+    validate_instruction_type(data, expected_type)
+    return data
+
+
+def decode_initialize_mint(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> InitializeMintParams:
+    """Decode an initialize mint token instruction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 2, InstructionType.INITIALIZE_MINT)
+    return InitializeMintParams(
+        decimals=parsed_data.args.decimals,
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        mint=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        mint_authority=PublicKey(parsed_data.args.mint_authority),
+        freeze_authority=PublicKey(parsed_data.args.freeze_authority)
+        if parsed_data.args.freeze_authority_option
+        else None,
+    )
+
+
+def decode_initialize_account(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> InitializeAccountParams:
+    """Decode an initialize account token instruction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    _ = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 4, InstructionType.INITIALIZE_ACCOUNT)
+    return InitializeAccountParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        account=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        mint=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        owner=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+    )
+
+
+def decode_initialize_multisig(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> InitializeMultisigParams:
+    """Decode an initialize multisig account token instruction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 2, InstructionType.INITIALIZE_MULTISIG)
+    num_signers = parsed_data.args.m
+    validate_instruction_keys(instruction, 2 + num_signers)
+    return InitializeMultisigParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        multisig=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[-num_signers:]],
+        m=num_signers,
+    )
+
+
+def decode_transfer(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> TransferParams:
+    """Decode a transfer token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 3, InstructionType.TRANSFER)
+    return TransferParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        source=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        dest=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        owner=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[3:]],
+        amount=parsed_data.args.amount,
+    )
+
+
+def decode_approve(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> ApproveParams:
+    """Decode a approve token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 3, InstructionType.APPROVE)
+    return ApproveParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        source=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        delegate=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        owner=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[3:]],
+        amount=parsed_data.args.amount,
+    )
+
+
+def decode_revoke(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> RevokeParams:
+    """Decode a revoke token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    _ = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 2, InstructionType.REVOKE)
+    return RevokeParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        account=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        owner=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[2:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_set_authority(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> SetAuthorityParams:
+    """Decode a set authority token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 2, InstructionType.SET_AUTHORITY)
+    return SetAuthorityParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        account=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        authority=AuthorityType(parsed_data.args.authority_type),
+        new_authority=PublicKey(parsed_data.args.new_authority) if parsed_data.args.new_authority_option else None,
+        current_authority=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[2:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_mint_to(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> MintToParams:
+    """Decode a mint to token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 3, InstructionType.MINT_TO)
+    return MintToParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        amount=parsed_data.args.amount,
+        mint=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        dest=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        mint_authority=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[3:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_burn(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> BurnParams:
+    """Decode a burn token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 3, InstructionType.BURN)
+    return BurnParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        amount=parsed_data.args.amount,
+        account=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        mint=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        owner=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[3:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_close_account(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> CloseAccountParams:
+    """Decode a close account token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    _ = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 3, InstructionType.CLOSE_ACCOUNT)
+    return CloseAccountParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        account=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        dest=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        owner=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[3:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_freeze_account(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> FreezeAccountParams:
+    """Decode a freeze account token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    _ = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 3, InstructionType.FREEZE_ACCOUNT)
+    return FreezeAccountParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        account=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        mint=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        authority=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        multi_signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[3:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_thaw_account(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> ThawAccountParams:
+    """Decode a thaw account token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    _ = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 3, InstructionType.THAW_ACCOUNT)
+    return ThawAccountParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        account=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        mint=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        authority=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        multi_signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[3:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_transfer_checked(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> TransferCheckedParams:
+    """Decode a transfer_checked token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 4, InstructionType.TRANSFER2)
+    return TransferCheckedParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        amount=parsed_data.args.amount,
+        decimals=parsed_data.args.decimals,
+        source=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        mint=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        dest=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        owner=instruction.keys[3].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[4:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_approve_checked(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> ApproveCheckedParams:
+    """Decode a approve_checked token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 4, InstructionType.APPROVE2)
+    return ApproveCheckedParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        amount=parsed_data.args.amount,
+        decimals=parsed_data.args.decimals,
+        source=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        mint=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        delegate=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        owner=instruction.keys[3].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[4:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_mint_to_checked(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> MintToCheckedParams:
+    """Decode a mintTo2 token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 3, InstructionType.MINT_TO2)
+    return MintToCheckedParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        amount=parsed_data.args.amount,
+        decimals=parsed_data.args.decimals,
+        mint=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        dest=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        mint_authority=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[3:]],
+    )
+
+
+def decode_burn_checked(instruction: TransactionInstruction) -> BurnCheckedParams:
+    """Decode a burn_checked token transaction and retrieve the instruction params.
+
+    Args:
+        instruction: The instruction to decode.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decoded instruction.
+    """
+    parsed_data = __parse_and_validate_instruction(instruction, 3, InstructionType.BURN2)
+    return BurnCheckedParams(
+        program_id=instruction.program_id,
+        amount=parsed_data.args.amount,
+        decimals=parsed_data.args.decimals,
+        account=instruction.keys[0].pubkey,
+        mint=instruction.keys[1].pubkey,
+        owner=instruction.keys[2].pubkey,
+        signers=[signer.pubkey for signer in instruction.keys[3:]],
+    )
+
+
+def __add_signers(keys: List[AccountMeta], owner: PublicKey, signers: List[PublicKey]) -> None:
+    if signers:
+        keys.append(AccountMeta(pubkey=owner, is_signer=False, is_writable=False))
+        for signer in signers:
+            keys.append(AccountMeta(pubkey=signer, is_signer=True, is_writable=False))
+    else:
+        keys.append(AccountMeta(pubkey=owner, is_signer=True, is_writable=False))
+
+
+def __burn_instruction(params: Union[BurnParams, BurnCheckedParams], data: Any) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.account, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.mint, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+    ]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.owner, params.signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def __freeze_or_thaw_instruction(
+    params: Union[FreezeAccountParams, ThawAccountParams], instruction_type: InstructionType
+) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(dict(instruction_type=instruction_type, args=None))
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.account, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.mint, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+    ]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.authority, params.multi_signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def __mint_to_instruction(params: Union[MintToParams, MintToCheckedParams], data: Any) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.mint, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.dest, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+    ]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.mint_authority, params.signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def initialize_mint(params: InitializeMintParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to initialize a new mint newly.
+
+    This instruction requires no signers and MUST be included within the same Transaction as
+    the system program's `CreateInstruction` that creates the account being initialized.
+    Otherwise another party can acquire ownership of the uninitialized account.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> from spl.token.constants import TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
+        >>> mint_account, mint_authority, freeze_authority, owner = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = InitializeMintParams(
+        ...     decimals=6,
+        ...     freeze_authority=freeze_authority,
+        ...     mint=mint_account,
+        ...     mint_authority=mint_authority,
+        ...     program_id=TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(initialize_mint(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The instruction to initialize the mint.
+    """  # noqa: E501 # pylint: disable=line-too-long
+    freeze_authority, opt = (params.freeze_authority, 1) if params.freeze_authority else (PublicKey(0), 0)
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(
+            instruction_type=InstructionType.INITIALIZE_MINT,
+            args=dict(
+                decimals=params.decimals,
+                mint_authority=bytes(params.mint_authority),
+                freeze_authority_option=opt,
+                freeze_authority=bytes(freeze_authority),
+            ),
+        )
+    )
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.mint, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+        ],
+        program_id=params.program_id,
+        data=data,
+    )
+
+
+def initialize_account(params: InitializeAccountParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to initialize a new account to hold tokens.
+
+    This instruction requires no signers and MUST be included within the same Transaction as
+    the system program's `CreateInstruction` that creates the account being initialized.
+    Otherwise another party can acquire ownership of the uninitialized account.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> account, mint, owner, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = InitializeAccountParams(
+        ...     account=account,
+        ...     mint=mint,
+        ...     owner=owner,
+        ...     program_id=token,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(initialize_account(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The instruction to initialize the account.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.INITIALIZE_ACCOUNT, args=None))
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.account, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.mint, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=params.owner, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+        ],
+        program_id=params.program_id,
+        data=data,
+    )
+
+
+def initialize_multisig(params: InitializeMultisigParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to initialize a multisignature account with N provided signers.
+
+    This instruction requires no signers and MUST be included within the same Transaction as
+    the system program's `CreateInstruction` that creates the account being initialized.
+    Otherwise another party can acquire ownership of the uninitialized account.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> m = 2   # Two signers
+        >>> signers = [PublicKey(i) for i in range(m)]
+        >>> multisig_account, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2)
+        >>> params = InitializeMultisigParams(
+        ...     m=m,
+        ...     multisig=multisig_account,
+        ...     signers=signers,
+        ...     program_id=token,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(initialize_multisig(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The instruction to initialize the multisig.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.INITIALIZE_MULTISIG, args=dict(m=params.m)))
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.multisig, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+    ]
+    for signer in params.signers:
+        keys.append(AccountMeta(pubkey=signer, is_signer=False, is_writable=False))
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def transfer(params: TransferParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to transfers tokens from one account to another.
+
+    Either directly or via a delegate.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> dest, owner, source, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = TransferParams(
+        ...     amount=1000,
+        ...     dest=dest,
+        ...     owner=owner,
+        ...     program_id=token,
+        ...     source=source,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(transfer(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The transfer instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.TRANSFER, args=dict(amount=params.amount)))
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.source, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.dest, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+    ]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.owner, params.signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def approve(params: ApproveParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to approve a delegate.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> delegate, owner, source, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = ApproveParams(
+        ...     amount=123,
+        ...     delegate=delegate,
+        ...     owner=owner,
+        ...     program_id=token,
+        ...     source=source
+        ... )
+        >>> type(approve(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The approve instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.APPROVE, args=dict(amount=params.amount)))
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.source, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.delegate, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+    ]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.owner, params.signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def revoke(params: RevokeParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction that revokes delegate authority for a given account.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> account, owner, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3)
+        >>> params = RevokeParams(
+        ...     account=account, owner=owner, program_id=token
+        ... )
+        >>> type(revoke(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The revoke instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.REVOKE, args=None))
+    keys = [AccountMeta(pubkey=params.account, is_signer=False, is_writable=True)]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.owner, params.signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def set_authority(params: SetAuthorityParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to sets a new authority of a mint or account.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> account, current_authority, new_authority, token = (
+        ...     PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        ... )
+        >>> params = SetAuthorityParams(
+        ...     account=account,
+        ...     authority=AuthorityType.ACCOUNT_OWNER,
+        ...     current_authority=current_authority,
+        ...     new_authority=new_authority,
+        ...     program_id=token,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(set_authority(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The set authority instruction.
+    """
+    new_authority, opt = (params.new_authority, 1) if params.new_authority else (PublicKey(0), 0)
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(
+            instruction_type=InstructionType.SET_AUTHORITY,
+            args=dict(authority_type=params.authority, new_authority_option=opt, new_authority=bytes(new_authority)),
+        )
+    )
+    keys = [AccountMeta(pubkey=params.account, is_signer=False, is_writable=True)]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.current_authority, params.signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def mint_to(params: MintToParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to mint new tokens to an account.
+
+    The native mint does not support minting.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> dest, mint, mint_authority, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = MintToParams(
+        ...     amount=123,
+        ...     dest=dest,
+        ...     mint=mint,
+        ...     mint_authority=mint_authority,
+        ...     program_id=token,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(mint_to(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The mint-to instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.MINT_TO, args=dict(amount=params.amount)))
+    return __mint_to_instruction(params, data)
+
+
+def burn(params: BurnParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to burns tokens by removing them from an account.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> account, mint, owner, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = BurnParams(
+        ...     amount=123, account=account, mint=mint, owner=owner, program_id=token,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(burn(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The burn instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.BURN, args=dict(amount=params.amount)))
+    return __burn_instruction(params, data)
+
+
+def close_account(params: CloseAccountParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to close an account by transferring all its SOL to the destination account.
+
+    Non-native accounts may only be closed if its token amount is zero.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> account, dest, owner, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = CloseAccountParams(
+        ...     account=account, dest=dest, owner=owner, program_id=token)
+        >>> type(close_account(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The close-account instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.CLOSE_ACCOUNT, args=None))
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.account, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.dest, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+    ]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.owner, params.signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def freeze_account(params: FreezeAccountParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to freeze an initialized account using the mint's freeze_authority (if set).
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> account, mint, authority, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = FreezeAccountParams(
+        ...     account=account, mint=mint, authority=authority, program_id=token)
+        >>> type(freeze_account(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The freeze-account instruction.
+    """
+    return __freeze_or_thaw_instruction(params, InstructionType.FREEZE_ACCOUNT)
+
+
+def thaw_account(params: ThawAccountParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to thaw a frozen account using the Mint's freeze_authority (if set).
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> account, mint, authority, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = ThawAccountParams(
+        ...     account=account, mint=mint, authority=authority, program_id=token)
+        >>> type(thaw_account(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The thaw-account instruction.
+    """
+    return __freeze_or_thaw_instruction(params, InstructionType.THAW_ACCOUNT)
+
+
+def transfer_checked(params: TransferCheckedParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """This instruction differs from `transfer` in that the token mint and decimals value is asserted by the caller.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> dest, mint, owner, source, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4), PublicKey(5)
+        >>> params = TransferCheckedParams(
+        ...     amount=1000,
+        ...     decimals=6,
+        ...     dest=dest,
+        ...     mint=mint,
+        ...     owner=owner,
+        ...     program_id=token,
+        ...     source=source,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(transfer_checked(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The transfer-checked instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.TRANSFER2, args=dict(amount=params.amount, decimals=params.decimals))
+    )
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.source, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.mint, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.dest, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+    ]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.owner, params.signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def approve_checked(params: ApproveCheckedParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """This instruction differs from `approve` in that the token mint and decimals value is asserted by the caller.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> delegate, mint, owner, source, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4), PublicKey(5)
+        >>> params = ApproveCheckedParams(
+        ...     amount=1000,
+        ...     decimals=6,
+        ...     delegate=delegate,
+        ...     mint=mint,
+        ...     owner=owner,
+        ...     program_id=token,
+        ...     source=source,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(approve_checked(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The approve-checked instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.APPROVE2, args=dict(amount=params.amount, decimals=params.decimals))
+    )
+    keys = [
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.source, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.mint, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+        AccountMeta(pubkey=params.delegate, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+    ]
+    __add_signers(keys, params.owner, params.signers)
+
+    return TransactionInstruction(keys=keys, program_id=params.program_id, data=data)
+
+
+def mint_to_checked(params: MintToCheckedParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """This instruction differs from `mint_to` in that the decimals value is asserted by the caller.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> dest, mint, mint_authority, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = MintToCheckedParams(
+        ...     amount=123,
+        ...     decimals=6,
+        ...     dest=dest,
+        ...     mint=mint,
+        ...     mint_authority=mint_authority,
+        ...     program_id=token,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(mint_to_checked(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The mint-to-checked instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.MINT_TO2, args=dict(amount=params.amount, decimals=params.decimals))
+    )
+    return __mint_to_instruction(params, data)
+
+
+def burn_checked(params: BurnCheckedParams) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """This instruction differs from `burn` in that the decimals value is asserted by the caller.
+
+    Example:
+
+        >>> account, mint, owner, token = PublicKey(1), PublicKey(2), PublicKey(3), PublicKey(4)
+        >>> params = BurnCheckedParams(
+        ...     amount=123, account=account, decimals=6, mint=mint, owner=owner, program_id=token,
+        ... )
+        >>> type(burn_checked(params))
+        <class 'solana.transaction.TransactionInstruction'>
+
+    Returns:
+        The burn-checked instruction.
+    """
+    data = INSTRUCTIONS_LAYOUT.build(
+        dict(instruction_type=InstructionType.BURN2, args=dict(amount=params.amount, decimals=params.decimals))
+    )
+    return __burn_instruction(params, data)
+
+
+def get_associated_token_address(owner: PublicKey, mint: PublicKey) -> PublicKey:
+    """Derives the associated token address for the given wallet address and token mint.
+
+    Returns:
+        The public key of the derived associated token address.
+    """
+    key, _ = PublicKey.find_program_address(
+        seeds=[bytes(owner), bytes(TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID), bytes(mint)], program_id=ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
+    )
+    return key
+
+
+def create_associated_token_account(payer: PublicKey, owner: PublicKey, mint: PublicKey) -> TransactionInstruction:
+    """Creates a transaction instruction to create an associated token account.
+
+    Returns:
+        The instruction to create the associated token account.
+    """
+    associated_token_address = get_associated_token_address(owner, mint)
+    return TransactionInstruction(
+        keys=[
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=payer, is_signer=True, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=associated_token_address, is_signer=False, is_writable=True),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=owner, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=mint, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=SYS_PROGRAM_ID, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+            AccountMeta(pubkey=SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY, is_signer=False, is_writable=False),
+        ],
+        program_id=ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b353ff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: types-cachetools
+Version: 4.2.10
+Summary: Typing stubs for cachetools
+Home-page: https://github.com/python/typeshed
+License: Apache-2.0 license
+Project-URL: GitHub, https://github.com/python/typeshed
+Project-URL: Changes, https://github.com/typeshed-internal/stub_uploader/blob/main/data/changelogs/cachetools.md
+Project-URL: Issue tracker, https://github.com/python/typeshed/issues
+Project-URL: Chat, https://gitter.im/python/typing
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License
+Classifier: Typing :: Stubs Only
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+
+## Typing stubs for cachetools
+
+This is a PEP 561 type stub package for the `cachetools` package.
+It can be used by type-checking tools like mypy, PyCharm, pytype etc. to check code
+that uses `cachetools`. The source for this package can be found at
+https://github.com/python/typeshed/tree/master/stubs/cachetools. All fixes for
+types and metadata should be contributed there.
+
+See https://github.com/python/typeshed/blob/master/README.md for more details.
+This package was generated from typeshed commit `77e5a2d4680341f20b351bc7d5554a8fa31ec1b6`.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..401ff98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+cachetools-stubs/METADATA.toml,sha256=jphdMi6f8ULH8OXEfZho1rXoJIRmFXVRMpWY5jAeeOQ,18
+cachetools-stubs/__init__.pyi,sha256=0gh98JjjaYlZ5I-prlO2BbaOdUl5LnMO472LMKfitZw,2658
+cachetools-stubs/cache.pyi,sha256=B8Inr_bZM6NP_E-yRquPNynkq8NI4KsbsVRPPJpvY5I,57
+cachetools-stubs/fifo.pyi,sha256=AT6uUei6r5UK_R9kbZLWnvbcuAK2jNzSeiAdseEUGkU,65
+cachetools-stubs/func.pyi,sha256=dFjI-lBtRobS7iAGJ3NB-6M5qGM_zKCsTpWFfWs9NEg,744
+cachetools-stubs/keys.pyi,sha256=_plc6UdZZEgFZbXHtT4u7dMgpp2AAb67wy5uY9yZEzc,186
+cachetools-stubs/lfu.pyi,sha256=GBWEacItMu97VEFeBX_OYGuN4VmQ-1ABR-pPEyL-tsU,63
+cachetools-stubs/lru.pyi,sha256=hRKu_WDbl-1TtnT7i5tjjGrPGwOxrRKQD-UM3osUBW8,63
+cachetools-stubs/mru.pyi,sha256=c6NiIj-inxl2ZCTqYQz53QTgJtIVUPvgoVOhIs3mb5k,63
+cachetools-stubs/rr.pyi,sha256=VkziUpQvxJj6nTLt2YYI9069q0yK2rhj2ySdiBEqon4,61
+cachetools-stubs/ttl.pyi,sha256=49HpimS8hSfaDQOHREq9zW53BDtCbGCrDWn3-iLO9aQ,63
+types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=rBIuA_h-tp_84wbBWI2U-7WNLrbwQ-z_ZZ2esTglQAk,1168
+types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/RECORD,,
+types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=G16H4A3IeoQmnOrYV4ueZGKSjhipXx8zc8nu9FGlvMA,92
+types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=wxVFpuV4igxqdFB9Ad7NFOz7kAoNX2zSBRGzzbCq8-U,17
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..becc9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1845e52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/types_cachetools-4.2.10.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+cachetools-stubs
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..583f9f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE
+==========================
+
+Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting
+Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands
+as a successor of a language called ABC.  Guido remains Python's
+principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.
+
+In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for
+National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us)
+in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the
+software.
+
+In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to
+BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team.  In October of the same
+year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope
+Corporation, see http://www.zope.com).  In 2001, the Python Software
+Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a
+non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related
+Intellectual Property.  Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of
+the PSF.
+
+All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for
+the Open Source Definition).  Historically, most, but not all, Python
+releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes
+the various releases.
+
+    Release         Derived     Year        Owner       GPL-
+                    from                                compatible? (1)
+
+    0.9.0 thru 1.2              1991-1995   CWI         yes
+    1.3 thru 1.5.2  1.2         1995-1999   CNRI        yes
+    1.6             1.5.2       2000        CNRI        no
+    2.0             1.6         2000        BeOpen.com  no
+    1.6.1           1.6         2001        CNRI        yes (2)
+    2.1             2.0+1.6.1   2001        PSF         no
+    2.0.1           2.0+1.6.1   2001        PSF         yes
+    2.1.1           2.1+2.0.1   2001        PSF         yes
+    2.1.2           2.1.1       2002        PSF         yes
+    2.1.3           2.1.2       2002        PSF         yes
+    2.2 and above   2.1.1       2001-now    PSF         yes
+
+Footnotes:
+
+(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
+    the GPL.  All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
+    a modified version without making your changes open source.  The
+    GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
+    other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.
+
+(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible,
+    because its license has a choice of law clause.  According to
+    CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1
+    is "not incompatible" with the GPL.
+
+Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's
+direction to make these releases possible.
+
+
+B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON
+===============================================================
+
+PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2
+--------------------------------------------
+
+1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation
+("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
+otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and
+its associated documentation.
+
+2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby
+grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce,
+analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works,
+distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version,
+provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright,
+i.e., "Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 Python Software Foundation; All Rights Reserved" are
+retained in Python alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
+
+3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
+or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make
+the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
+Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
+the changes made to Python.
+
+4. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
+basis.  PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND
+DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
+FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT
+INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
+
+5. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
+FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
+A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON,
+OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
+
+6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
+breach of its terms and conditions.
+
+7. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any
+relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and
+Licensee.  This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF
+trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote
+products or services of Licensee, or any third party.
+
+8. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee
+agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
+Agreement.
+
+
+BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0
+-------------------------------------------
+
+BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1
+
+1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an
+office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the
+Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using
+this software in source or binary form and its associated
+documentation ("the Software").
+
+2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License
+Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive,
+royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform
+and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and
+otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version,
+provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the
+Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
+
+3. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
+basis.  BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND
+DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
+FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT
+INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
+
+4. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE
+SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS
+AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY
+DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
+
+5. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
+breach of its terms and conditions.
+
+6. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all
+respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of
+law provisions.  Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to
+create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture
+between BeOpen and Licensee.  This License Agreement does not grant
+permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark
+sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
+third party.  As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at
+http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the
+permissions granted on that web page.
+
+7. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee
+agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
+Agreement.
+
+
+CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1
+---------------------------------------
+
+1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National
+Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive,
+Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization
+("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in
+source or binary form and its associated documentation.
+
+2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI
+hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
+license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
+prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1
+alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's
+License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
+1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights
+Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative
+version prepared by Licensee.  Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License
+Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the
+quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and
+conditions in CNRI's License Agreement.  This Agreement together with
+Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following
+unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013.  This
+Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet
+using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013".
+
+3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
+or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make
+the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
+Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
+the changes made to Python 1.6.1.
+
+4. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
+basis.  CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND
+DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
+FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT
+INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
+
+5. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
+1.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
+A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1,
+OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
+
+6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
+breach of its terms and conditions.
+
+7. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal
+intellectual property law of the United States, including without
+limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such
+U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of
+Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.
+Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based
+on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was
+previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the
+law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License
+Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to
+Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement.  Nothing in this
+License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of
+agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee.  This
+License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or
+trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or
+services of Licensee, or any third party.
+
+8. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying,
+installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be
+bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
+
+        ACCEPT
+
+
+CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam,
+The Netherlands.  All rights reserved.
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
+documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
+provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
+both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
+supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch
+Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
+distribution of the software without specific, written prior
+permission.
+
+STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
+THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
+FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
+OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3d5d5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: typing-extensions
+Version: 3.10.0.2
+Summary: Backported and Experimental Type Hints for Python 3.5+
+Home-page: https://github.com/python/typing/blob/master/typing_extensions/README.rst
+Author: Guido van Rossum, Jukka Lehtosalo, Łukasz Langa, Michael Lee
+Author-email: levkivskyi@gmail.com
+License: PSF
+Keywords: typing function annotations type hints hinting checking checker typehints typehinting typechecking backport
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 3 - Alpha
+Classifier: Environment :: Console
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Python Software Foundation License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: typing (>=3.7.4) ; python_version < "3.5"
+
+Typing Extensions -- Backported and Experimental Type Hints for Python
+
+The ``typing`` module was added to the standard library in Python 3.5, but
+many new features have been added to the module since then.
+This means users of Python 3.5 - 3.6 who are unable to upgrade will not be
+able to take advantage of new types added to the ``typing`` module, such as
+``typing.Protocol`` or ``typing.TypedDict``.
+
+The ``typing_extensions`` module contains backports of these changes.
+Experimental types that will eventually be added to the ``typing``
+module are also included in ``typing_extensions``, such as
+``typing.ParamSpec`` and ``typing.TypeGuard``.
+
+Users of Python versions before 3.5 should install and use
+the ``typing`` module from PyPI instead of using this one, unless specifically
+writing code that must be compatible with multiple Python versions or requires
+experimental types.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b55bd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+__pycache__/typing_extensions.cpython-39.pyc,,
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=_xfOlOECAk3raHc-scx0ynbaTmWPNzUx8Kwi1oprsa0,12755
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=xE-T7wjR_4kFgJ2UojM6OWayKLffNQ-KAEMCZ93zubM,2121
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/RECORD,,
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ewwEueio1C2XeHTvT17n8dZUJgOvyCWCt0WVNLClP9o,92
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=hkDmk3VmrfXPOD--jS4aKTCu6kFZo-kVT1cIFfq1eU8,18
+typing_extensions.py,sha256=K6THvWMULj8menDO7coYHPjZNzT_tL7QwYD3iDs359o,109284
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fd4f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+typing_extensions
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95bb873
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/typing_extensions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2843 @@
+import abc
+import collections
+import contextlib
+import sys
+import typing
+import collections.abc as collections_abc
+import operator
+
+# These are used by Protocol implementation
+# We use internal typing helpers here, but this significantly reduces
+# code duplication. (Also this is only until Protocol is in typing.)
+from typing import Generic, Callable, TypeVar, Tuple
+
+# After PEP 560, internal typing API was substantially reworked.
+# This is especially important for Protocol class which uses internal APIs
+# quite extensivelly.
+PEP_560 = sys.version_info[:3] >= (3, 7, 0)
+
+if PEP_560:
+    GenericMeta = TypingMeta = type
+    from typing import _GenericAlias
+else:
+    from typing import GenericMeta, TypingMeta
+OLD_GENERICS = False
+try:
+    from typing import _type_vars, _next_in_mro, _type_check
+except ImportError:
+    OLD_GENERICS = True
+try:
+    from typing import _subs_tree  # noqa
+    SUBS_TREE = True
+except ImportError:
+    SUBS_TREE = False
+try:
+    from typing import _tp_cache
+except ImportError:
+    def _tp_cache(x):
+        return x
+try:
+    from typing import _TypingEllipsis, _TypingEmpty
+except ImportError:
+    class _TypingEllipsis:
+        pass
+
+    class _TypingEmpty:
+        pass
+
+
+# The two functions below are copies of typing internal helpers.
+# They are needed by _ProtocolMeta
+
+
+def _no_slots_copy(dct):
+    dict_copy = dict(dct)
+    if '__slots__' in dict_copy:
+        for slot in dict_copy['__slots__']:
+            dict_copy.pop(slot, None)
+    return dict_copy
+
+
+def _check_generic(cls, parameters):
+    if not cls.__parameters__:
+        raise TypeError("%s is not a generic class" % repr(cls))
+    alen = len(parameters)
+    elen = len(cls.__parameters__)
+    if alen != elen:
+        raise TypeError("Too %s parameters for %s; actual %s, expected %s" %
+                        ("many" if alen > elen else "few", repr(cls), alen, elen))
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, '_generic_new'):
+    _generic_new = typing._generic_new
+else:
+    # Note: The '_generic_new(...)' function is used as a part of the
+    # process of creating a generic type and was added to the typing module
+    # as of Python 3.5.3.
+    #
+    # We've defined '_generic_new(...)' below to exactly match the behavior
+    # implemented in older versions of 'typing' bundled with Python 3.5.0 to
+    # 3.5.2. This helps eliminate redundancy when defining collection types
+    # like 'Deque' later.
+    #
+    # See https://github.com/python/typing/pull/308 for more details -- in
+    # particular, compare and contrast the definition of types like
+    # 'typing.List' before and after the merge.
+
+    def _generic_new(base_cls, cls, *args, **kwargs):
+        return base_cls.__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
+
+# See https://github.com/python/typing/pull/439
+if hasattr(typing, '_geqv'):
+    from typing import _geqv
+    _geqv_defined = True
+else:
+    _geqv = None
+    _geqv_defined = False
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 6):
+    import _collections_abc
+    _check_methods_in_mro = _collections_abc._check_methods
+else:
+    def _check_methods_in_mro(C, *methods):
+        mro = C.__mro__
+        for method in methods:
+            for B in mro:
+                if method in B.__dict__:
+                    if B.__dict__[method] is None:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                    break
+            else:
+                return NotImplemented
+        return True
+
+
+# Please keep __all__ alphabetized within each category.
+__all__ = [
+    # Super-special typing primitives.
+    'ClassVar',
+    'Concatenate',
+    'Final',
+    'ParamSpec',
+    'Type',
+
+    # ABCs (from collections.abc).
+    # The following are added depending on presence
+    # of their non-generic counterparts in stdlib:
+    # 'Awaitable',
+    # 'AsyncIterator',
+    # 'AsyncIterable',
+    # 'Coroutine',
+    # 'AsyncGenerator',
+    # 'AsyncContextManager',
+    # 'ChainMap',
+
+    # Concrete collection types.
+    'ContextManager',
+    'Counter',
+    'Deque',
+    'DefaultDict',
+    'OrderedDict',
+    'TypedDict',
+
+    # Structural checks, a.k.a. protocols.
+    'SupportsIndex',
+
+    # One-off things.
+    'final',
+    'IntVar',
+    'Literal',
+    'NewType',
+    'overload',
+    'Text',
+    'TypeAlias',
+    'TypeGuard',
+    'TYPE_CHECKING',
+]
+
+# Annotated relies on substitution trees of pep 560. It will not work for
+# versions of typing older than 3.5.3
+HAVE_ANNOTATED = PEP_560 or SUBS_TREE
+
+if PEP_560:
+    __all__.extend(["get_args", "get_origin", "get_type_hints"])
+
+if HAVE_ANNOTATED:
+    __all__.append("Annotated")
+
+# Protocols are hard to backport to the original version of typing 3.5.0
+HAVE_PROTOCOLS = sys.version_info[:3] != (3, 5, 0)
+
+if HAVE_PROTOCOLS:
+    __all__.extend(['Protocol', 'runtime', 'runtime_checkable'])
+
+
+# TODO
+if hasattr(typing, 'NoReturn'):
+    NoReturn = typing.NoReturn
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _NoReturn(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """Special type indicating functions that never return.
+        Example::
+
+          from typing import NoReturn
+
+          def stop() -> NoReturn:
+              raise Exception('no way')
+
+        This type is invalid in other positions, e.g., ``List[NoReturn]``
+        will fail in static type checkers.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+    NoReturn = _NoReturn(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _NoReturnMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for NoReturn"""
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=False):
+            return super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+    class NoReturn(typing.Final, metaclass=_NoReturnMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special type indicating functions that never return.
+        Example::
+
+          from typing import NoReturn
+
+          def stop() -> NoReturn:
+              raise Exception('no way')
+
+        This type is invalid in other positions, e.g., ``List[NoReturn]``
+        will fail in static type checkers.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+# Some unconstrained type variables.  These are used by the container types.
+# (These are not for export.)
+T = typing.TypeVar('T')  # Any type.
+KT = typing.TypeVar('KT')  # Key type.
+VT = typing.TypeVar('VT')  # Value type.
+T_co = typing.TypeVar('T_co', covariant=True)  # Any type covariant containers.
+V_co = typing.TypeVar('V_co', covariant=True)  # Any type covariant containers.
+VT_co = typing.TypeVar('VT_co', covariant=True)  # Value type covariant containers.
+T_contra = typing.TypeVar('T_contra', contravariant=True)  # Ditto contravariant.
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ClassVar'):
+    ClassVar = typing.ClassVar
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _ClassVar(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """Special type construct to mark class variables.
+
+        An annotation wrapped in ClassVar indicates that a given
+        attribute is intended to be used as a class variable and
+        should not be set on instances of that class. Usage::
+
+          class Starship:
+              stats: ClassVar[Dict[str, int]] = {} # class variable
+              damage: int = 10                     # instance variable
+
+        ClassVar accepts only types and cannot be further subscribed.
+
+        Note that ClassVar is not a class itself, and should not
+        be used with isinstance() or issubclass().
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__type__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tp=None, **kwds):
+            self.__type__ = tp
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is None:
+                return cls(typing._type_check(item,
+                           '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:])),
+                           _root=True)
+            raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                            .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(new_tp, _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _ClassVar):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    ClassVar = _ClassVar(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _ClassVarMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for ClassVar"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, tp=None, _root=False):
+            self = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+            if tp is not None:
+                self.__type__ = tp
+            return self
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("ClassVar cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("ClassVar cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                                .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+            param = typing._type_check(
+                item,
+                '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+            return cls(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                       dict(self.__dict__), tp=param, _root=True)
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                              dict(self.__dict__), tp=self.__type__,
+                              _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, ClassVar):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    class ClassVar(typing.Final, metaclass=_ClassVarMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special type construct to mark class variables.
+
+        An annotation wrapped in ClassVar indicates that a given
+        attribute is intended to be used as a class variable and
+        should not be set on instances of that class. Usage::
+
+          class Starship:
+              stats: ClassVar[Dict[str, int]] = {} # class variable
+              damage: int = 10                     # instance variable
+
+        ClassVar accepts only types and cannot be further subscribed.
+
+        Note that ClassVar is not a class itself, and should not
+        be used with isinstance() or issubclass().
+        """
+
+        __type__ = None
+
+# On older versions of typing there is an internal class named "Final".
+if hasattr(typing, 'Final') and sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    Final = typing.Final
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _FinalForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
+                                      '{} accepts only single type'.format(self._name))
+            return _GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+    Final = _FinalForm('Final',
+                       doc="""A special typing construct to indicate that a name
+                       cannot be re-assigned or overridden in a subclass.
+                       For example:
+
+                           MAX_SIZE: Final = 9000
+                           MAX_SIZE += 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+                           class Connection:
+                               TIMEOUT: Final[int] = 10
+                           class FastConnector(Connection):
+                               TIMEOUT = 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+                       There is no runtime checking of these properties.""")
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _Final(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """A special typing construct to indicate that a name
+        cannot be re-assigned or overridden in a subclass.
+        For example:
+
+            MAX_SIZE: Final = 9000
+            MAX_SIZE += 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+            class Connection:
+                TIMEOUT: Final[int] = 10
+            class FastConnector(Connection):
+                TIMEOUT = 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+        There is no runtime checking of these properties.
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__type__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tp=None, **kwds):
+            self.__type__ = tp
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is None:
+                return cls(typing._type_check(item,
+                           '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:])),
+                           _root=True)
+            raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                            .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(new_tp, _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _Final):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    Final = _Final(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _FinalMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Final"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, tp=None, _root=False):
+            self = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+            if tp is not None:
+                self.__type__ = tp
+            return self
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Final cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Final cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                                .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+            param = typing._type_check(
+                item,
+                '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+            return cls(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                       dict(self.__dict__), tp=param, _root=True)
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                              dict(self.__dict__), tp=self.__type__,
+                              _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, Final):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    class Final(typing.Final, metaclass=_FinalMeta, _root=True):
+        """A special typing construct to indicate that a name
+        cannot be re-assigned or overridden in a subclass.
+        For example:
+
+            MAX_SIZE: Final = 9000
+            MAX_SIZE += 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+            class Connection:
+                TIMEOUT: Final[int] = 10
+            class FastConnector(Connection):
+                TIMEOUT = 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+        There is no runtime checking of these properties.
+        """
+
+        __type__ = None
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'final'):
+    final = typing.final
+else:
+    def final(f):
+        """This decorator can be used to indicate to type checkers that
+        the decorated method cannot be overridden, and decorated class
+        cannot be subclassed. For example:
+
+            class Base:
+                @final
+                def done(self) -> None:
+                    ...
+            class Sub(Base):
+                def done(self) -> None:  # Error reported by type checker
+                    ...
+            @final
+            class Leaf:
+                ...
+            class Other(Leaf):  # Error reported by type checker
+                ...
+
+        There is no runtime checking of these properties.
+        """
+        return f
+
+
+def IntVar(name):
+    return TypeVar(name)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Literal'):
+    Literal = typing.Literal
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _LiteralForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _GenericAlias(self, parameters)
+
+    Literal = _LiteralForm('Literal',
+                           doc="""A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers
+                           that the corresponding value has a value literally equivalent
+                           to the provided parameter. For example:
+
+                               var: Literal[4] = 4
+
+                           The type checker understands that 'var' is literally equal to
+                           the value 4 and no other value.
+
+                           Literal[...] cannot be subclassed. There is no runtime
+                           checking verifying that the parameter is actually a value
+                           instead of a type.""")
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _Literal(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers that the
+        corresponding value has a value literally equivalent to the
+        provided parameter. For example:
+
+            var: Literal[4] = 4
+
+        The type checker understands that 'var' is literally equal to the
+        value 4 and no other value.
+
+        Literal[...] cannot be subclassed. There is no runtime checking
+        verifying that the parameter is actually a value instead of a type.
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__values__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, values=None, **kwds):
+            self.__values__ = values
+
+        def __getitem__(self, values):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__values__ is None:
+                if not isinstance(values, tuple):
+                    values = (values,)
+                return cls(values, _root=True)
+            raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                            .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            return self
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(', '.join(map(typing._type_repr, self.__values__)))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__values__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _Literal):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                return self.__values__ == other.__values__
+            return self is other
+
+    Literal = _Literal(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _LiteralMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Literal"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, values=None, _root=False):
+            self = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+            if values is not None:
+                self.__values__ = values
+            return self
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Literal cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Literal cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                                .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+            if not isinstance(item, tuple):
+                item = (item,)
+            return cls(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                       dict(self.__dict__), values=item, _root=True)
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            return self
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(', '.join(map(typing._type_repr, self.__values__)))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__values__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, Literal):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                return self.__values__ == other.__values__
+            return self is other
+
+    class Literal(typing.Final, metaclass=_LiteralMeta, _root=True):
+        """A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers that the
+        corresponding value has a value literally equivalent to the
+        provided parameter. For example:
+
+            var: Literal[4] = 4
+
+        The type checker understands that 'var' is literally equal to the
+        value 4 and no other value.
+
+        Literal[...] cannot be subclassed. There is no runtime checking
+        verifying that the parameter is actually a value instead of a type.
+        """
+
+        __values__ = None
+
+
+def _overload_dummy(*args, **kwds):
+    """Helper for @overload to raise when called."""
+    raise NotImplementedError(
+        "You should not call an overloaded function. "
+        "A series of @overload-decorated functions "
+        "outside a stub module should always be followed "
+        "by an implementation that is not @overload-ed.")
+
+
+def overload(func):
+    """Decorator for overloaded functions/methods.
+
+    In a stub file, place two or more stub definitions for the same
+    function in a row, each decorated with @overload.  For example:
+
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: None) -> None: ...
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: str) -> bytes: ...
+
+    In a non-stub file (i.e. a regular .py file), do the same but
+    follow it with an implementation.  The implementation should *not*
+    be decorated with @overload.  For example:
+
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: None) -> None: ...
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: str) -> bytes: ...
+      def utf8(value):
+          # implementation goes here
+    """
+    return _overload_dummy
+
+
+# This is not a real generic class.  Don't use outside annotations.
+if hasattr(typing, 'Type'):
+    Type = typing.Type
+else:
+    # Internal type variable used for Type[].
+    CT_co = typing.TypeVar('CT_co', covariant=True, bound=type)
+
+    class Type(typing.Generic[CT_co], extra=type):
+        """A special construct usable to annotate class objects.
+
+        For example, suppose we have the following classes::
+
+          class User: ...  # Abstract base for User classes
+          class BasicUser(User): ...
+          class ProUser(User): ...
+          class TeamUser(User): ...
+
+        And a function that takes a class argument that's a subclass of
+        User and returns an instance of the corresponding class::
+
+          U = TypeVar('U', bound=User)
+          def new_user(user_class: Type[U]) -> U:
+              user = user_class()
+              # (Here we could write the user object to a database)
+              return user
+          joe = new_user(BasicUser)
+
+        At this point the type checker knows that joe has type BasicUser.
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+# Various ABCs mimicking those in collections.abc.
+# A few are simply re-exported for completeness.
+
+def _define_guard(type_name):
+    """
+    Returns True if the given type isn't defined in typing but
+    is defined in collections_abc.
+
+    Adds the type to __all__ if the collection is found in either
+    typing or collection_abc.
+    """
+    if hasattr(typing, type_name):
+        __all__.append(type_name)
+        globals()[type_name] = getattr(typing, type_name)
+        return False
+    elif hasattr(collections_abc, type_name):
+        __all__.append(type_name)
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+class _ExtensionsGenericMeta(GenericMeta):
+    def __subclasscheck__(self, subclass):
+        """This mimics a more modern GenericMeta.__subclasscheck__() logic
+        (that does not have problems with recursion) to work around interactions
+        between collections, typing, and typing_extensions on older
+        versions of Python, see https://github.com/python/typing/issues/501.
+        """
+        if sys.version_info[:3] >= (3, 5, 3) or sys.version_info[:3] < (3, 5, 0):
+            if self.__origin__ is not None:
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] not in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                    raise TypeError("Parameterized generics cannot be used with class "
+                                    "or instance checks")
+                return False
+        if not self.__extra__:
+            return super().__subclasscheck__(subclass)
+        res = self.__extra__.__subclasshook__(subclass)
+        if res is not NotImplemented:
+            return res
+        if self.__extra__ in subclass.__mro__:
+            return True
+        for scls in self.__extra__.__subclasses__():
+            if isinstance(scls, GenericMeta):
+                continue
+            if issubclass(subclass, scls):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+if _define_guard('Awaitable'):
+    class Awaitable(typing.Generic[T_co], metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                    extra=collections_abc.Awaitable):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if _define_guard('Coroutine'):
+    class Coroutine(Awaitable[V_co], typing.Generic[T_co, T_contra, V_co],
+                    metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                    extra=collections_abc.Coroutine):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if _define_guard('AsyncIterable'):
+    class AsyncIterable(typing.Generic[T_co],
+                        metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                        extra=collections_abc.AsyncIterable):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if _define_guard('AsyncIterator'):
+    class AsyncIterator(AsyncIterable[T_co],
+                        metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                        extra=collections_abc.AsyncIterator):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Deque'):
+    Deque = typing.Deque
+elif _geqv_defined:
+    class Deque(collections.deque, typing.MutableSequence[T],
+                metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                extra=collections.deque):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, Deque):
+                return collections.deque(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.deque, cls, *args, **kwds)
+else:
+    class Deque(collections.deque, typing.MutableSequence[T],
+                metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                extra=collections.deque):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is Deque:
+                return collections.deque(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.deque, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ContextManager'):
+    ContextManager = typing.ContextManager
+elif hasattr(contextlib, 'AbstractContextManager'):
+    class ContextManager(typing.Generic[T_co],
+                         metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                         extra=contextlib.AbstractContextManager):
+        __slots__ = ()
+else:
+    class ContextManager(typing.Generic[T_co]):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __enter__(self):
+            return self
+
+        @abc.abstractmethod
+        def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+            return None
+
+        @classmethod
+        def __subclasshook__(cls, C):
+            if cls is ContextManager:
+                # In Python 3.6+, it is possible to set a method to None to
+                # explicitly indicate that the class does not implement an ABC
+                # (https://bugs.python.org/issue25958), but we do not support
+                # that pattern here because this fallback class is only used
+                # in Python 3.5 and earlier.
+                if (any("__enter__" in B.__dict__ for B in C.__mro__) and
+                    any("__exit__" in B.__dict__ for B in C.__mro__)):
+                    return True
+            return NotImplemented
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'AsyncContextManager'):
+    AsyncContextManager = typing.AsyncContextManager
+    __all__.append('AsyncContextManager')
+elif hasattr(contextlib, 'AbstractAsyncContextManager'):
+    class AsyncContextManager(typing.Generic[T_co],
+                              metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                              extra=contextlib.AbstractAsyncContextManager):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+    __all__.append('AsyncContextManager')
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 5):
+    exec("""
+class AsyncContextManager(typing.Generic[T_co]):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    async def __aenter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __subclasshook__(cls, C):
+        if cls is AsyncContextManager:
+            return _check_methods_in_mro(C, "__aenter__", "__aexit__")
+        return NotImplemented
+
+__all__.append('AsyncContextManager')
+""")
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'DefaultDict'):
+    DefaultDict = typing.DefaultDict
+elif _geqv_defined:
+    class DefaultDict(collections.defaultdict, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                      metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                      extra=collections.defaultdict):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, DefaultDict):
+                return collections.defaultdict(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.defaultdict, cls, *args, **kwds)
+else:
+    class DefaultDict(collections.defaultdict, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                      metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                      extra=collections.defaultdict):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is DefaultDict:
+                return collections.defaultdict(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.defaultdict, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'OrderedDict'):
+    OrderedDict = typing.OrderedDict
+elif (3, 7, 0) <= sys.version_info[:3] < (3, 7, 2):
+    OrderedDict = typing._alias(collections.OrderedDict, (KT, VT))
+elif _geqv_defined:
+    class OrderedDict(collections.OrderedDict, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                      metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                      extra=collections.OrderedDict):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, OrderedDict):
+                return collections.OrderedDict(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.OrderedDict, cls, *args, **kwds)
+else:
+    class OrderedDict(collections.OrderedDict, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                      metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                      extra=collections.OrderedDict):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is OrderedDict:
+                return collections.OrderedDict(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.OrderedDict, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Counter'):
+    Counter = typing.Counter
+elif (3, 5, 0) <= sys.version_info[:3] <= (3, 5, 1):
+    assert _geqv_defined
+    _TInt = typing.TypeVar('_TInt')
+
+    class _CounterMeta(typing.GenericMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Counter"""
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            return super().__getitem__((item, int))
+
+    class Counter(collections.Counter,
+                  typing.Dict[T, int],
+                  metaclass=_CounterMeta,
+                  extra=collections.Counter):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, Counter):
+                return collections.Counter(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.Counter, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+elif _geqv_defined:
+    class Counter(collections.Counter,
+                  typing.Dict[T, int],
+                  metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta, extra=collections.Counter):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, Counter):
+                return collections.Counter(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.Counter, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+else:
+    class Counter(collections.Counter,
+                  typing.Dict[T, int],
+                  metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta, extra=collections.Counter):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is Counter:
+                return collections.Counter(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.Counter, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ChainMap'):
+    ChainMap = typing.ChainMap
+    __all__.append('ChainMap')
+elif hasattr(collections, 'ChainMap'):
+    # ChainMap only exists in 3.3+
+    if _geqv_defined:
+        class ChainMap(collections.ChainMap, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                       metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                       extra=collections.ChainMap):
+
+            __slots__ = ()
+
+            def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+                if _geqv(cls, ChainMap):
+                    return collections.ChainMap(*args, **kwds)
+                return _generic_new(collections.ChainMap, cls, *args, **kwds)
+    else:
+        class ChainMap(collections.ChainMap, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                       metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                       extra=collections.ChainMap):
+
+            __slots__ = ()
+
+            def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+                if cls._gorg is ChainMap:
+                    return collections.ChainMap(*args, **kwds)
+                return _generic_new(collections.ChainMap, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+    __all__.append('ChainMap')
+
+
+if _define_guard('AsyncGenerator'):
+    class AsyncGenerator(AsyncIterator[T_co], typing.Generic[T_co, T_contra],
+                         metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                         extra=collections_abc.AsyncGenerator):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'NewType'):
+    NewType = typing.NewType
+else:
+    def NewType(name, tp):
+        """NewType creates simple unique types with almost zero
+        runtime overhead. NewType(name, tp) is considered a subtype of tp
+        by static type checkers. At runtime, NewType(name, tp) returns
+        a dummy function that simply returns its argument. Usage::
+
+            UserId = NewType('UserId', int)
+
+            def name_by_id(user_id: UserId) -> str:
+                ...
+
+            UserId('user')          # Fails type check
+
+            name_by_id(42)          # Fails type check
+            name_by_id(UserId(42))  # OK
+
+            num = UserId(5) + 1     # type: int
+        """
+
+        def new_type(x):
+            return x
+
+        new_type.__name__ = name
+        new_type.__supertype__ = tp
+        return new_type
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Text'):
+    Text = typing.Text
+else:
+    Text = str
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'TYPE_CHECKING'):
+    TYPE_CHECKING = typing.TYPE_CHECKING
+else:
+    # Constant that's True when type checking, but False here.
+    TYPE_CHECKING = False
+
+
+def _gorg(cls):
+    """This function exists for compatibility with old typing versions."""
+    assert isinstance(cls, GenericMeta)
+    if hasattr(cls, '_gorg'):
+        return cls._gorg
+    while cls.__origin__ is not None:
+        cls = cls.__origin__
+    return cls
+
+
+if OLD_GENERICS:
+    def _next_in_mro(cls):  # noqa
+        """This function exists for compatibility with old typing versions."""
+        next_in_mro = object
+        for i, c in enumerate(cls.__mro__[:-1]):
+            if isinstance(c, GenericMeta) and _gorg(c) is Generic:
+                next_in_mro = cls.__mro__[i + 1]
+        return next_in_mro
+
+
+_PROTO_WHITELIST = ['Callable', 'Awaitable',
+                    'Iterable', 'Iterator', 'AsyncIterable', 'AsyncIterator',
+                    'Hashable', 'Sized', 'Container', 'Collection', 'Reversible',
+                    'ContextManager', 'AsyncContextManager']
+
+
+def _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
+    attrs = set()
+    for base in cls.__mro__[:-1]:  # without object
+        if base.__name__ in ('Protocol', 'Generic'):
+            continue
+        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
+        for attr in list(base.__dict__.keys()) + list(annotations.keys()):
+            if (not attr.startswith('_abc_') and attr not in (
+                    '__abstractmethods__', '__annotations__', '__weakref__',
+                    '_is_protocol', '_is_runtime_protocol', '__dict__',
+                    '__args__', '__slots__',
+                    '__next_in_mro__', '__parameters__', '__origin__',
+                    '__orig_bases__', '__extra__', '__tree_hash__',
+                    '__doc__', '__subclasshook__', '__init__', '__new__',
+                    '__module__', '_MutableMapping__marker', '_gorg')):
+                attrs.add(attr)
+    return attrs
+
+
+def _is_callable_members_only(cls):
+    return all(callable(getattr(cls, attr, None)) for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls))
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Protocol'):
+    Protocol = typing.Protocol
+elif HAVE_PROTOCOLS and not PEP_560:
+
+    def _no_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if type(self)._is_protocol:
+            raise TypeError('Protocols cannot be instantiated')
+
+    class _ProtocolMeta(GenericMeta):
+        """Internal metaclass for Protocol.
+
+        This exists so Protocol classes can be generic without deriving
+        from Generic.
+        """
+        if not OLD_GENERICS:
+            def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace,
+                        tvars=None, args=None, origin=None, extra=None, orig_bases=None):
+                # This is just a version copied from GenericMeta.__new__ that
+                # includes "Protocol" special treatment. (Comments removed for brevity.)
+                assert extra is None  # Protocols should not have extra
+                if tvars is not None:
+                    assert origin is not None
+                    assert all(isinstance(t, TypeVar) for t in tvars), tvars
+                else:
+                    tvars = _type_vars(bases)
+                    gvars = None
+                    for base in bases:
+                        if base is Generic:
+                            raise TypeError("Cannot inherit from plain Generic")
+                        if (isinstance(base, GenericMeta) and
+                                base.__origin__ in (Generic, Protocol)):
+                            if gvars is not None:
+                                raise TypeError(
+                                    "Cannot inherit from Generic[...] or"
+                                    " Protocol[...] multiple times.")
+                            gvars = base.__parameters__
+                    if gvars is None:
+                        gvars = tvars
+                    else:
+                        tvarset = set(tvars)
+                        gvarset = set(gvars)
+                        if not tvarset <= gvarset:
+                            raise TypeError(
+                                "Some type variables (%s) "
+                                "are not listed in %s[%s]" %
+                                (", ".join(str(t) for t in tvars if t not in gvarset),
+                                 "Generic" if any(b.__origin__ is Generic
+                                                  for b in bases) else "Protocol",
+                                 ", ".join(str(g) for g in gvars)))
+                        tvars = gvars
+
+                initial_bases = bases
+                if (extra is not None and type(extra) is abc.ABCMeta and
+                        extra not in bases):
+                    bases = (extra,) + bases
+                bases = tuple(_gorg(b) if isinstance(b, GenericMeta) else b
+                              for b in bases)
+                if any(isinstance(b, GenericMeta) and b is not Generic for b in bases):
+                    bases = tuple(b for b in bases if b is not Generic)
+                namespace.update({'__origin__': origin, '__extra__': extra})
+                self = super(GenericMeta, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace,
+                                                       _root=True)
+                super(GenericMeta, self).__setattr__('_gorg',
+                                                     self if not origin else
+                                                     _gorg(origin))
+                self.__parameters__ = tvars
+                self.__args__ = tuple(... if a is _TypingEllipsis else
+                                      () if a is _TypingEmpty else
+                                      a for a in args) if args else None
+                self.__next_in_mro__ = _next_in_mro(self)
+                if orig_bases is None:
+                    self.__orig_bases__ = initial_bases
+                elif origin is not None:
+                    self._abc_registry = origin._abc_registry
+                    self._abc_cache = origin._abc_cache
+                if hasattr(self, '_subs_tree'):
+                    self.__tree_hash__ = (hash(self._subs_tree()) if origin else
+                                          super(GenericMeta, self).__hash__())
+                return self
+
+        def __init__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                cls._is_protocol = any(b is Protocol or
+                                       isinstance(b, _ProtocolMeta) and
+                                       b.__origin__ is Protocol
+                                       for b in cls.__bases__)
+            if cls._is_protocol:
+                for base in cls.__mro__[1:]:
+                    if not (base in (object, Generic) or
+                            base.__module__ == 'collections.abc' and
+                            base.__name__ in _PROTO_WHITELIST or
+                            isinstance(base, TypingMeta) and base._is_protocol or
+                            isinstance(base, GenericMeta) and
+                            base.__origin__ is Generic):
+                        raise TypeError('Protocols can only inherit from other'
+                                        ' protocols, got %r' % base)
+
+                cls.__init__ = _no_init
+
+            def _proto_hook(other):
+                if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                    return NotImplemented
+                if not isinstance(other, type):
+                    # Same error as for issubclass(1, int)
+                    raise TypeError('issubclass() arg 1 must be a class')
+                for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
+                    for base in other.__mro__:
+                        if attr in base.__dict__:
+                            if base.__dict__[attr] is None:
+                                return NotImplemented
+                            break
+                        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
+                        if (isinstance(annotations, typing.Mapping) and
+                                attr in annotations and
+                                isinstance(other, _ProtocolMeta) and
+                                other._is_protocol):
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                return True
+            if '__subclasshook__' not in cls.__dict__:
+                cls.__subclasshook__ = _proto_hook
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, instance):
+            # We need this method for situations where attributes are
+            # assigned in __init__.
+            if ((not getattr(self, '_is_protocol', False) or
+                    _is_callable_members_only(self)) and
+                    issubclass(instance.__class__, self)):
+                return True
+            if self._is_protocol:
+                if all(hasattr(instance, attr) and
+                        (not callable(getattr(self, attr, None)) or
+                         getattr(instance, attr) is not None)
+                        for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(self)):
+                    return True
+            return super(GenericMeta, self).__instancecheck__(instance)
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            if self.__origin__ is not None:
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] not in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                    raise TypeError("Parameterized generics cannot be used with class "
+                                    "or instance checks")
+                return False
+            if (self.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None) and
+                    not self.__dict__.get('_is_runtime_protocol', None)):
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc',
+                                                              'functools',
+                                                              'typing']:
+                    return False
+                raise TypeError("Instance and class checks can only be used with"
+                                " @runtime protocols")
+            if (self.__dict__.get('_is_runtime_protocol', None) and
+                    not _is_callable_members_only(self)):
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc',
+                                                              'functools',
+                                                              'typing']:
+                    return super(GenericMeta, self).__subclasscheck__(cls)
+                raise TypeError("Protocols with non-method members"
+                                " don't support issubclass()")
+            return super(GenericMeta, self).__subclasscheck__(cls)
+
+        if not OLD_GENERICS:
+            @_tp_cache
+            def __getitem__(self, params):
+                # We also need to copy this from GenericMeta.__getitem__ to get
+                # special treatment of "Protocol". (Comments removed for brevity.)
+                if not isinstance(params, tuple):
+                    params = (params,)
+                if not params and _gorg(self) is not Tuple:
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Parameter list to %s[...] cannot be empty" % self.__qualname__)
+                msg = "Parameters to generic types must be types."
+                params = tuple(_type_check(p, msg) for p in params)
+                if self in (Generic, Protocol):
+                    if not all(isinstance(p, TypeVar) for p in params):
+                        raise TypeError(
+                            "Parameters to %r[...] must all be type variables" % self)
+                    if len(set(params)) != len(params):
+                        raise TypeError(
+                            "Parameters to %r[...] must all be unique" % self)
+                    tvars = params
+                    args = params
+                elif self in (Tuple, Callable):
+                    tvars = _type_vars(params)
+                    args = params
+                elif self.__origin__ in (Generic, Protocol):
+                    raise TypeError("Cannot subscript already-subscripted %s" %
+                                    repr(self))
+                else:
+                    _check_generic(self, params)
+                    tvars = _type_vars(params)
+                    args = params
+
+                prepend = (self,) if self.__origin__ is None else ()
+                return self.__class__(self.__name__,
+                                      prepend + self.__bases__,
+                                      _no_slots_copy(self.__dict__),
+                                      tvars=tvars,
+                                      args=args,
+                                      origin=self,
+                                      extra=self.__extra__,
+                                      orig_bases=self.__orig_bases__)
+
+    class Protocol(metaclass=_ProtocolMeta):
+        """Base class for protocol classes. Protocol classes are defined as::
+
+          class Proto(Protocol):
+              def meth(self) -> int:
+                  ...
+
+        Such classes are primarily used with static type checkers that recognize
+        structural subtyping (static duck-typing), for example::
+
+          class C:
+              def meth(self) -> int:
+                  return 0
+
+          def func(x: Proto) -> int:
+              return x.meth()
+
+          func(C())  # Passes static type check
+
+        See PEP 544 for details. Protocol classes decorated with
+        @typing_extensions.runtime act as simple-minded runtime protocol that checks
+        only the presence of given attributes, ignoring their type signatures.
+
+        Protocol classes can be generic, they are defined as::
+
+          class GenProto({bases}):
+              def meth(self) -> T:
+                  ...
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+        _is_protocol = True
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _gorg(cls) is Protocol:
+                raise TypeError("Type Protocol cannot be instantiated; "
+                                "it can be used only as a base class")
+            if OLD_GENERICS:
+                return _generic_new(_next_in_mro(cls), cls, *args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(cls.__next_in_mro__, cls, *args, **kwds)
+    if Protocol.__doc__ is not None:
+        Protocol.__doc__ = Protocol.__doc__.format(bases="Protocol, Generic[T]" if
+                                                   OLD_GENERICS else "Protocol[T]")
+
+
+elif PEP_560:
+    from typing import _type_check, _collect_type_vars  # noqa
+
+    def _no_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if type(self)._is_protocol:
+            raise TypeError('Protocols cannot be instantiated')
+
+    class _ProtocolMeta(abc.ABCMeta):
+        # This metaclass is a bit unfortunate and exists only because of the lack
+        # of __instancehook__.
+        def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
+            # We need this method for situations where attributes are
+            # assigned in __init__.
+            if ((not getattr(cls, '_is_protocol', False) or
+                    _is_callable_members_only(cls)) and
+                    issubclass(instance.__class__, cls)):
+                return True
+            if cls._is_protocol:
+                if all(hasattr(instance, attr) and
+                        (not callable(getattr(cls, attr, None)) or
+                         getattr(instance, attr) is not None)
+                        for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls)):
+                    return True
+            return super().__instancecheck__(instance)
+
+    class Protocol(metaclass=_ProtocolMeta):
+        # There is quite a lot of overlapping code with typing.Generic.
+        # Unfortunately it is hard to avoid this while these live in two different
+        # modules. The duplicated code will be removed when Protocol is moved to typing.
+        """Base class for protocol classes. Protocol classes are defined as::
+
+            class Proto(Protocol):
+                def meth(self) -> int:
+                    ...
+
+        Such classes are primarily used with static type checkers that recognize
+        structural subtyping (static duck-typing), for example::
+
+            class C:
+                def meth(self) -> int:
+                    return 0
+
+            def func(x: Proto) -> int:
+                return x.meth()
+
+            func(C())  # Passes static type check
+
+        See PEP 544 for details. Protocol classes decorated with
+        @typing_extensions.runtime act as simple-minded runtime protocol that checks
+        only the presence of given attributes, ignoring their type signatures.
+
+        Protocol classes can be generic, they are defined as::
+
+            class GenProto(Protocol[T]):
+                def meth(self) -> T:
+                    ...
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+        _is_protocol = True
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls is Protocol:
+                raise TypeError("Type Protocol cannot be instantiated; "
+                                "it can only be used as a base class")
+            return super().__new__(cls)
+
+        @_tp_cache
+        def __class_getitem__(cls, params):
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple):
+                params = (params,)
+            if not params and cls is not Tuple:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "Parameter list to {}[...] cannot be empty".format(cls.__qualname__))
+            msg = "Parameters to generic types must be types."
+            params = tuple(_type_check(p, msg) for p in params)
+            if cls is Protocol:
+                # Generic can only be subscripted with unique type variables.
+                if not all(isinstance(p, TypeVar) for p in params):
+                    i = 0
+                    while isinstance(params[i], TypeVar):
+                        i += 1
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Parameters to Protocol[...] must all be type variables."
+                        " Parameter {} is {}".format(i + 1, params[i]))
+                if len(set(params)) != len(params):
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Parameters to Protocol[...] must all be unique")
+            else:
+                # Subscripting a regular Generic subclass.
+                _check_generic(cls, params)
+            return _GenericAlias(cls, params)
+
+        def __init_subclass__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            tvars = []
+            if '__orig_bases__' in cls.__dict__:
+                error = Generic in cls.__orig_bases__
+            else:
+                error = Generic in cls.__bases__
+            if error:
+                raise TypeError("Cannot inherit from plain Generic")
+            if '__orig_bases__' in cls.__dict__:
+                tvars = _collect_type_vars(cls.__orig_bases__)
+                # Look for Generic[T1, ..., Tn] or Protocol[T1, ..., Tn].
+                # If found, tvars must be a subset of it.
+                # If not found, tvars is it.
+                # Also check for and reject plain Generic,
+                # and reject multiple Generic[...] and/or Protocol[...].
+                gvars = None
+                for base in cls.__orig_bases__:
+                    if (isinstance(base, _GenericAlias) and
+                            base.__origin__ in (Generic, Protocol)):
+                        # for error messages
+                        the_base = 'Generic' if base.__origin__ is Generic else 'Protocol'
+                        if gvars is not None:
+                            raise TypeError(
+                                "Cannot inherit from Generic[...]"
+                                " and/or Protocol[...] multiple types.")
+                        gvars = base.__parameters__
+                if gvars is None:
+                    gvars = tvars
+                else:
+                    tvarset = set(tvars)
+                    gvarset = set(gvars)
+                    if not tvarset <= gvarset:
+                        s_vars = ', '.join(str(t) for t in tvars if t not in gvarset)
+                        s_args = ', '.join(str(g) for g in gvars)
+                        raise TypeError("Some type variables ({}) are"
+                                        " not listed in {}[{}]".format(s_vars,
+                                                                       the_base, s_args))
+                    tvars = gvars
+            cls.__parameters__ = tuple(tvars)
+
+            # Determine if this is a protocol or a concrete subclass.
+            if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                cls._is_protocol = any(b is Protocol for b in cls.__bases__)
+
+            # Set (or override) the protocol subclass hook.
+            def _proto_hook(other):
+                if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                    return NotImplemented
+                if not getattr(cls, '_is_runtime_protocol', False):
+                    if sys._getframe(2).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                    raise TypeError("Instance and class checks can only be used with"
+                                    " @runtime protocols")
+                if not _is_callable_members_only(cls):
+                    if sys._getframe(2).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                    raise TypeError("Protocols with non-method members"
+                                    " don't support issubclass()")
+                if not isinstance(other, type):
+                    # Same error as for issubclass(1, int)
+                    raise TypeError('issubclass() arg 1 must be a class')
+                for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
+                    for base in other.__mro__:
+                        if attr in base.__dict__:
+                            if base.__dict__[attr] is None:
+                                return NotImplemented
+                            break
+                        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
+                        if (isinstance(annotations, typing.Mapping) and
+                                attr in annotations and
+                                isinstance(other, _ProtocolMeta) and
+                                other._is_protocol):
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                return True
+            if '__subclasshook__' not in cls.__dict__:
+                cls.__subclasshook__ = _proto_hook
+
+            # We have nothing more to do for non-protocols.
+            if not cls._is_protocol:
+                return
+
+            # Check consistency of bases.
+            for base in cls.__bases__:
+                if not (base in (object, Generic) or
+                        base.__module__ == 'collections.abc' and
+                        base.__name__ in _PROTO_WHITELIST or
+                        isinstance(base, _ProtocolMeta) and base._is_protocol):
+                    raise TypeError('Protocols can only inherit from other'
+                                    ' protocols, got %r' % base)
+            cls.__init__ = _no_init
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'runtime_checkable'):
+    runtime_checkable = typing.runtime_checkable
+elif HAVE_PROTOCOLS:
+    def runtime_checkable(cls):
+        """Mark a protocol class as a runtime protocol, so that it
+        can be used with isinstance() and issubclass(). Raise TypeError
+        if applied to a non-protocol class.
+
+        This allows a simple-minded structural check very similar to the
+        one-offs in collections.abc such as Hashable.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(cls, _ProtocolMeta) or not cls._is_protocol:
+            raise TypeError('@runtime_checkable can be only applied to protocol classes,'
+                            ' got %r' % cls)
+        cls._is_runtime_protocol = True
+        return cls
+
+
+if HAVE_PROTOCOLS:
+    # Exists for backwards compatibility.
+    runtime = runtime_checkable
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'SupportsIndex'):
+    SupportsIndex = typing.SupportsIndex
+elif HAVE_PROTOCOLS:
+    @runtime_checkable
+    class SupportsIndex(Protocol):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        @abc.abstractmethod
+        def __index__(self) -> int:
+            pass
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 9, 2):
+    # The standard library TypedDict in Python 3.8 does not store runtime information
+    # about which (if any) keys are optional.  See https://bugs.python.org/issue38834
+    # The standard library TypedDict in Python 3.9.0/1 does not honour the "total"
+    # keyword with old-style TypedDict().  See https://bugs.python.org/issue42059
+    TypedDict = typing.TypedDict
+else:
+    def _check_fails(cls, other):
+        try:
+            if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] not in ['abc',
+                                                              'functools',
+                                                              'typing']:
+                # Typed dicts are only for static structural subtyping.
+                raise TypeError('TypedDict does not support instance and class checks')
+        except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+            pass
+        return False
+
+    def _dict_new(*args, **kwargs):
+        if not args:
+            raise TypeError('TypedDict.__new__(): not enough arguments')
+        _, args = args[0], args[1:]  # allow the "cls" keyword be passed
+        return dict(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    _dict_new.__text_signature__ = '($cls, _typename, _fields=None, /, **kwargs)'
+
+    def _typeddict_new(*args, total=True, **kwargs):
+        if not args:
+            raise TypeError('TypedDict.__new__(): not enough arguments')
+        _, args = args[0], args[1:]  # allow the "cls" keyword be passed
+        if args:
+            typename, args = args[0], args[1:]  # allow the "_typename" keyword be passed
+        elif '_typename' in kwargs:
+            typename = kwargs.pop('_typename')
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn("Passing '_typename' as keyword argument is deprecated",
+                          DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("TypedDict.__new__() missing 1 required positional "
+                            "argument: '_typename'")
+        if args:
+            try:
+                fields, = args  # allow the "_fields" keyword be passed
+            except ValueError:
+                raise TypeError('TypedDict.__new__() takes from 2 to 3 '
+                                'positional arguments but {} '
+                                'were given'.format(len(args) + 2))
+        elif '_fields' in kwargs and len(kwargs) == 1:
+            fields = kwargs.pop('_fields')
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn("Passing '_fields' as keyword argument is deprecated",
+                          DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        else:
+            fields = None
+
+        if fields is None:
+            fields = kwargs
+        elif kwargs:
+            raise TypeError("TypedDict takes either a dict or keyword arguments,"
+                            " but not both")
+
+        ns = {'__annotations__': dict(fields)}
+        try:
+            # Setting correct module is necessary to make typed dict classes pickleable.
+            ns['__module__'] = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get('__name__', '__main__')
+        except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+            pass
+
+        return _TypedDictMeta(typename, (), ns, total=total)
+
+    _typeddict_new.__text_signature__ = ('($cls, _typename, _fields=None,'
+                                         ' /, *, total=True, **kwargs)')
+
+    class _TypedDictMeta(type):
+        def __init__(cls, name, bases, ns, total=True):
+            # In Python 3.4 and 3.5 the __init__ method also needs to support the
+            # keyword arguments.
+            # See https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0487/#implementation-details
+            super(_TypedDictMeta, cls).__init__(name, bases, ns)
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, ns, total=True):
+            # Create new typed dict class object.
+            # This method is called directly when TypedDict is subclassed,
+            # or via _typeddict_new when TypedDict is instantiated. This way
+            # TypedDict supports all three syntaxes described in its docstring.
+            # Subclasses and instances of TypedDict return actual dictionaries
+            # via _dict_new.
+            ns['__new__'] = _typeddict_new if name == 'TypedDict' else _dict_new
+            tp_dict = super(_TypedDictMeta, cls).__new__(cls, name, (dict,), ns)
+
+            annotations = {}
+            own_annotations = ns.get('__annotations__', {})
+            own_annotation_keys = set(own_annotations.keys())
+            msg = "TypedDict('Name', {f0: t0, f1: t1, ...}); each t must be a type"
+            own_annotations = {
+                n: typing._type_check(tp, msg) for n, tp in own_annotations.items()
+            }
+            required_keys = set()
+            optional_keys = set()
+
+            for base in bases:
+                annotations.update(base.__dict__.get('__annotations__', {}))
+                required_keys.update(base.__dict__.get('__required_keys__', ()))
+                optional_keys.update(base.__dict__.get('__optional_keys__', ()))
+
+            annotations.update(own_annotations)
+            if total:
+                required_keys.update(own_annotation_keys)
+            else:
+                optional_keys.update(own_annotation_keys)
+
+            tp_dict.__annotations__ = annotations
+            tp_dict.__required_keys__ = frozenset(required_keys)
+            tp_dict.__optional_keys__ = frozenset(optional_keys)
+            if not hasattr(tp_dict, '__total__'):
+                tp_dict.__total__ = total
+            return tp_dict
+
+        __instancecheck__ = __subclasscheck__ = _check_fails
+
+    TypedDict = _TypedDictMeta('TypedDict', (dict,), {})
+    TypedDict.__module__ = __name__
+    TypedDict.__doc__ = \
+        """A simple typed name space. At runtime it is equivalent to a plain dict.
+
+        TypedDict creates a dictionary type that expects all of its
+        instances to have a certain set of keys, with each key
+        associated with a value of a consistent type. This expectation
+        is not checked at runtime but is only enforced by type checkers.
+        Usage::
+
+            class Point2D(TypedDict):
+                x: int
+                y: int
+                label: str
+
+            a: Point2D = {'x': 1, 'y': 2, 'label': 'good'}  # OK
+            b: Point2D = {'z': 3, 'label': 'bad'}           # Fails type check
+
+            assert Point2D(x=1, y=2, label='first') == dict(x=1, y=2, label='first')
+
+        The type info can be accessed via the Point2D.__annotations__ dict, and
+        the Point2D.__required_keys__ and Point2D.__optional_keys__ frozensets.
+        TypedDict supports two additional equivalent forms::
+
+            Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', x=int, y=int, label=str)
+            Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', {'x': int, 'y': int, 'label': str})
+
+        The class syntax is only supported in Python 3.6+, while two other
+        syntax forms work for Python 2.7 and 3.2+
+        """
+
+
+# Python 3.9+ has PEP 593 (Annotated and modified get_type_hints)
+if hasattr(typing, 'Annotated'):
+    Annotated = typing.Annotated
+    get_type_hints = typing.get_type_hints
+    # Not exported and not a public API, but needed for get_origin() and get_args()
+    # to work.
+    _AnnotatedAlias = typing._AnnotatedAlias
+elif PEP_560:
+    class _AnnotatedAlias(typing._GenericAlias, _root=True):
+        """Runtime representation of an annotated type.
+
+        At its core 'Annotated[t, dec1, dec2, ...]' is an alias for the type 't'
+        with extra annotations. The alias behaves like a normal typing alias,
+        instantiating is the same as instantiating the underlying type, binding
+        it to types is also the same.
+        """
+        def __init__(self, origin, metadata):
+            if isinstance(origin, _AnnotatedAlias):
+                metadata = origin.__metadata__ + metadata
+                origin = origin.__origin__
+            super().__init__(origin, origin)
+            self.__metadata__ = metadata
+
+        def copy_with(self, params):
+            assert len(params) == 1
+            new_type = params[0]
+            return _AnnotatedAlias(new_type, self.__metadata__)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return "typing_extensions.Annotated[{}, {}]".format(
+                typing._type_repr(self.__origin__),
+                ", ".join(repr(a) for a in self.__metadata__)
+            )
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            return operator.getitem, (
+                Annotated, (self.__origin__,) + self.__metadata__
+            )
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _AnnotatedAlias):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__origin__ != other.__origin__:
+                return False
+            return self.__metadata__ == other.__metadata__
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((self.__origin__, self.__metadata__))
+
+    class Annotated:
+        """Add context specific metadata to a type.
+
+        Example: Annotated[int, runtime_check.Unsigned] indicates to the
+        hypothetical runtime_check module that this type is an unsigned int.
+        Every other consumer of this type can ignore this metadata and treat
+        this type as int.
+
+        The first argument to Annotated must be a valid type (and will be in
+        the __origin__ field), the remaining arguments are kept as a tuple in
+        the __extra__ field.
+
+        Details:
+
+        - It's an error to call `Annotated` with less than two arguments.
+        - Nested Annotated are flattened::
+
+            Annotated[Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2], Ann3] == Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2, Ann3]
+
+        - Instantiating an annotated type is equivalent to instantiating the
+        underlying type::
+
+            Annotated[C, Ann1](5) == C(5)
+
+        - Annotated can be used as a generic type alias::
+
+            Optimized = Annotated[T, runtime.Optimize()]
+            Optimized[int] == Annotated[int, runtime.Optimize()]
+
+            OptimizedList = Annotated[List[T], runtime.Optimize()]
+            OptimizedList[int] == Annotated[List[int], runtime.Optimize()]
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError("Type Annotated cannot be instantiated.")
+
+        @_tp_cache
+        def __class_getitem__(cls, params):
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple) or len(params) < 2:
+                raise TypeError("Annotated[...] should be used "
+                                "with at least two arguments (a type and an "
+                                "annotation).")
+            msg = "Annotated[t, ...]: t must be a type."
+            origin = typing._type_check(params[0], msg)
+            metadata = tuple(params[1:])
+            return _AnnotatedAlias(origin, metadata)
+
+        def __init_subclass__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot subclass {}.Annotated".format(cls.__module__)
+            )
+
+    def _strip_annotations(t):
+        """Strips the annotations from a given type.
+        """
+        if isinstance(t, _AnnotatedAlias):
+            return _strip_annotations(t.__origin__)
+        if isinstance(t, typing._GenericAlias):
+            stripped_args = tuple(_strip_annotations(a) for a in t.__args__)
+            if stripped_args == t.__args__:
+                return t
+            res = t.copy_with(stripped_args)
+            res._special = t._special
+            return res
+        return t
+
+    def get_type_hints(obj, globalns=None, localns=None, include_extras=False):
+        """Return type hints for an object.
+
+        This is often the same as obj.__annotations__, but it handles
+        forward references encoded as string literals, adds Optional[t] if a
+        default value equal to None is set and recursively replaces all
+        'Annotated[T, ...]' with 'T' (unless 'include_extras=True').
+
+        The argument may be a module, class, method, or function. The annotations
+        are returned as a dictionary. For classes, annotations include also
+        inherited members.
+
+        TypeError is raised if the argument is not of a type that can contain
+        annotations, and an empty dictionary is returned if no annotations are
+        present.
+
+        BEWARE -- the behavior of globalns and localns is counterintuitive
+        (unless you are familiar with how eval() and exec() work).  The
+        search order is locals first, then globals.
+
+        - If no dict arguments are passed, an attempt is made to use the
+          globals from obj (or the respective module's globals for classes),
+          and these are also used as the locals.  If the object does not appear
+          to have globals, an empty dictionary is used.
+
+        - If one dict argument is passed, it is used for both globals and
+          locals.
+
+        - If two dict arguments are passed, they specify globals and
+          locals, respectively.
+        """
+        hint = typing.get_type_hints(obj, globalns=globalns, localns=localns)
+        if include_extras:
+            return hint
+        return {k: _strip_annotations(t) for k, t in hint.items()}
+
+elif HAVE_ANNOTATED:
+
+    def _is_dunder(name):
+        """Returns True if name is a __dunder_variable_name__."""
+        return len(name) > 4 and name.startswith('__') and name.endswith('__')
+
+    # Prior to Python 3.7 types did not have `copy_with`. A lot of the equality
+    # checks, argument expansion etc. are done on the _subs_tre. As a result we
+    # can't provide a get_type_hints function that strips out annotations.
+
+    class AnnotatedMeta(typing.GenericMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Annotated"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, **kwargs):
+            if any(b is not object for b in bases):
+                raise TypeError("Cannot subclass " + str(Annotated))
+            return super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, **kwargs)
+
+        @property
+        def __metadata__(self):
+            return self._subs_tree()[2]
+
+        def _tree_repr(self, tree):
+            cls, origin, metadata = tree
+            if not isinstance(origin, tuple):
+                tp_repr = typing._type_repr(origin)
+            else:
+                tp_repr = origin[0]._tree_repr(origin)
+            metadata_reprs = ", ".join(repr(arg) for arg in metadata)
+            return '%s[%s, %s]' % (cls, tp_repr, metadata_reprs)
+
+        def _subs_tree(self, tvars=None, args=None):  # noqa
+            if self is Annotated:
+                return Annotated
+            res = super()._subs_tree(tvars=tvars, args=args)
+            # Flatten nested Annotated
+            if isinstance(res[1], tuple) and res[1][0] is Annotated:
+                sub_tp = res[1][1]
+                sub_annot = res[1][2]
+                return (Annotated, sub_tp, sub_annot + res[2])
+            return res
+
+        def _get_cons(self):
+            """Return the class used to create instance of this type."""
+            if self.__origin__ is None:
+                raise TypeError("Cannot get the underlying type of a "
+                                "non-specialized Annotated type.")
+            tree = self._subs_tree()
+            while isinstance(tree, tuple) and tree[0] is Annotated:
+                tree = tree[1]
+            if isinstance(tree, tuple):
+                return tree[0]
+            else:
+                return tree
+
+        @_tp_cache
+        def __getitem__(self, params):
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple):
+                params = (params,)
+            if self.__origin__ is not None:  # specializing an instantiated type
+                return super().__getitem__(params)
+            elif not isinstance(params, tuple) or len(params) < 2:
+                raise TypeError("Annotated[...] should be instantiated "
+                                "with at least two arguments (a type and an "
+                                "annotation).")
+            else:
+                msg = "Annotated[t, ...]: t must be a type."
+                tp = typing._type_check(params[0], msg)
+                metadata = tuple(params[1:])
+            return self.__class__(
+                self.__name__,
+                self.__bases__,
+                _no_slots_copy(self.__dict__),
+                tvars=_type_vars((tp,)),
+                # Metadata is a tuple so it won't be touched by _replace_args et al.
+                args=(tp, metadata),
+                origin=self,
+            )
+
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            cons = self._get_cons()
+            result = cons(*args, **kwargs)
+            try:
+                result.__orig_class__ = self
+            except AttributeError:
+                pass
+            return result
+
+        def __getattr__(self, attr):
+            # For simplicity we just don't relay all dunder names
+            if self.__origin__ is not None and not _is_dunder(attr):
+                return getattr(self._get_cons(), attr)
+            raise AttributeError(attr)
+
+        def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
+            if _is_dunder(attr) or attr.startswith('_abc_'):
+                super().__setattr__(attr, value)
+            elif self.__origin__ is None:
+                raise AttributeError(attr)
+            else:
+                setattr(self._get_cons(), attr, value)
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Annotated cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Annotated cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+    class Annotated(metaclass=AnnotatedMeta):
+        """Add context specific metadata to a type.
+
+        Example: Annotated[int, runtime_check.Unsigned] indicates to the
+        hypothetical runtime_check module that this type is an unsigned int.
+        Every other consumer of this type can ignore this metadata and treat
+        this type as int.
+
+        The first argument to Annotated must be a valid type, the remaining
+        arguments are kept as a tuple in the __metadata__ field.
+
+        Details:
+
+        - It's an error to call `Annotated` with less than two arguments.
+        - Nested Annotated are flattened::
+
+            Annotated[Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2], Ann3] == Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2, Ann3]
+
+        - Instantiating an annotated type is equivalent to instantiating the
+        underlying type::
+
+            Annotated[C, Ann1](5) == C(5)
+
+        - Annotated can be used as a generic type alias::
+
+            Optimized = Annotated[T, runtime.Optimize()]
+            Optimized[int] == Annotated[int, runtime.Optimize()]
+
+            OptimizedList = Annotated[List[T], runtime.Optimize()]
+            OptimizedList[int] == Annotated[List[int], runtime.Optimize()]
+        """
+
+# Python 3.8 has get_origin() and get_args() but those implementations aren't
+# Annotated-aware, so we can't use those, only Python 3.9 versions will do.
+# Similarly, Python 3.9's implementation doesn't support ParamSpecArgs and
+# ParamSpecKwargs.
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
+    get_origin = typing.get_origin
+    get_args = typing.get_args
+elif PEP_560:
+    try:
+        # 3.9+
+        from typing import _BaseGenericAlias
+    except ImportError:
+        _BaseGenericAlias = _GenericAlias
+    try:
+        # 3.9+
+        from typing import GenericAlias
+    except ImportError:
+        GenericAlias = _GenericAlias
+
+    def get_origin(tp):
+        """Get the unsubscripted version of a type.
+
+        This supports generic types, Callable, Tuple, Union, Literal, Final, ClassVar
+        and Annotated. Return None for unsupported types. Examples::
+
+            get_origin(Literal[42]) is Literal
+            get_origin(int) is None
+            get_origin(ClassVar[int]) is ClassVar
+            get_origin(Generic) is Generic
+            get_origin(Generic[T]) is Generic
+            get_origin(Union[T, int]) is Union
+            get_origin(List[Tuple[T, T]][int]) == list
+            get_origin(P.args) is P
+        """
+        if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
+            return Annotated
+        if isinstance(tp, (_GenericAlias, GenericAlias, _BaseGenericAlias,
+                           ParamSpecArgs, ParamSpecKwargs)):
+            return tp.__origin__
+        if tp is Generic:
+            return Generic
+        return None
+
+    def get_args(tp):
+        """Get type arguments with all substitutions performed.
+
+        For unions, basic simplifications used by Union constructor are performed.
+        Examples::
+            get_args(Dict[str, int]) == (str, int)
+            get_args(int) == ()
+            get_args(Union[int, Union[T, int], str][int]) == (int, str)
+            get_args(Union[int, Tuple[T, int]][str]) == (int, Tuple[str, int])
+            get_args(Callable[[], T][int]) == ([], int)
+        """
+        if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
+            return (tp.__origin__,) + tp.__metadata__
+        if isinstance(tp, (_GenericAlias, GenericAlias)):
+            if getattr(tp, "_special", False):
+                return ()
+            res = tp.__args__
+            if get_origin(tp) is collections.abc.Callable and res[0] is not Ellipsis:
+                res = (list(res[:-1]), res[-1])
+            return res
+        return ()
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'TypeAlias'):
+    TypeAlias = typing.TypeAlias
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    class _TypeAliasForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    @_TypeAliasForm
+    def TypeAlias(self, parameters):
+        """Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+        checkers.
+
+        For example::
+
+            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example above.
+        """
+        raise TypeError("{} is not subscriptable".format(self))
+
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _TypeAliasForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    TypeAlias = _TypeAliasForm('TypeAlias',
+                               doc="""Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+                               be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+                               checkers.
+
+                               For example::
+
+                                   Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+                               It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example
+                               above.""")
+
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _TypeAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for TypeAlias"""
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.TypeAlias'
+
+    class _TypeAliasBase(typing._FinalTypingBase, metaclass=_TypeAliasMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+        checkers.
+
+        For example::
+
+            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example above.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.TypeAlias'
+
+    TypeAlias = _TypeAliasBase(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _TypeAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for TypeAlias"""
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError("Cannot instantiate TypeAlias")
+
+    class TypeAlias(metaclass=_TypeAliasMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+        checkers.
+
+        For example::
+
+            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example above.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+# Python 3.10+ has PEP 612
+if hasattr(typing, 'ParamSpecArgs'):
+    ParamSpecArgs = typing.ParamSpecArgs
+    ParamSpecKwargs = typing.ParamSpecKwargs
+else:
+    class _Immutable:
+        """Mixin to indicate that object should not be copied."""
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __copy__(self):
+            return self
+
+        def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
+            return self
+
+    class ParamSpecArgs(_Immutable):
+        """The args for a ParamSpec object.
+
+        Given a ParamSpec object P, P.args is an instance of ParamSpecArgs.
+
+        ParamSpecArgs objects have a reference back to their ParamSpec:
+
+        P.args.__origin__ is P
+
+        This type is meant for runtime introspection and has no special meaning to
+        static type checkers.
+        """
+        def __init__(self, origin):
+            self.__origin__ = origin
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return "{}.args".format(self.__origin__.__name__)
+
+    class ParamSpecKwargs(_Immutable):
+        """The kwargs for a ParamSpec object.
+
+        Given a ParamSpec object P, P.kwargs is an instance of ParamSpecKwargs.
+
+        ParamSpecKwargs objects have a reference back to their ParamSpec:
+
+        P.kwargs.__origin__ is P
+
+        This type is meant for runtime introspection and has no special meaning to
+        static type checkers.
+        """
+        def __init__(self, origin):
+            self.__origin__ = origin
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return "{}.kwargs".format(self.__origin__.__name__)
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ParamSpec'):
+    ParamSpec = typing.ParamSpec
+else:
+
+    # Inherits from list as a workaround for Callable checks in Python < 3.9.2.
+    class ParamSpec(list):
+        """Parameter specification variable.
+
+        Usage::
+
+           P = ParamSpec('P')
+
+        Parameter specification variables exist primarily for the benefit of static
+        type checkers.  They are used to forward the parameter types of one
+        callable to another callable, a pattern commonly found in higher order
+        functions and decorators.  They are only valid when used in ``Concatenate``,
+        or s the first argument to ``Callable``. In Python 3.10 and higher,
+        they are also supported in user-defined Generics at runtime.
+        See class Generic for more information on generic types.  An
+        example for annotating a decorator::
+
+           T = TypeVar('T')
+           P = ParamSpec('P')
+
+           def add_logging(f: Callable[P, T]) -> Callable[P, T]:
+               '''A type-safe decorator to add logging to a function.'''
+               def inner(*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> T:
+                   logging.info(f'{f.__name__} was called')
+                   return f(*args, **kwargs)
+               return inner
+
+           @add_logging
+           def add_two(x: float, y: float) -> float:
+               '''Add two numbers together.'''
+               return x + y
+
+        Parameter specification variables defined with covariant=True or
+        contravariant=True can be used to declare covariant or contravariant
+        generic types.  These keyword arguments are valid, but their actual semantics
+        are yet to be decided.  See PEP 612 for details.
+
+        Parameter specification variables can be introspected. e.g.:
+
+           P.__name__ == 'T'
+           P.__bound__ == None
+           P.__covariant__ == False
+           P.__contravariant__ == False
+
+        Note that only parameter specification variables defined in global scope can
+        be pickled.
+        """
+
+        # Trick Generic __parameters__.
+        __class__ = TypeVar
+
+        @property
+        def args(self):
+            return ParamSpecArgs(self)
+
+        @property
+        def kwargs(self):
+            return ParamSpecKwargs(self)
+
+        def __init__(self, name, *, bound=None, covariant=False, contravariant=False):
+            super().__init__([self])
+            self.__name__ = name
+            self.__covariant__ = bool(covariant)
+            self.__contravariant__ = bool(contravariant)
+            if bound:
+                self.__bound__ = typing._type_check(bound, 'Bound must be a type.')
+            else:
+                self.__bound__ = None
+
+            # for pickling:
+            try:
+                def_mod = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get('__name__', '__main__')
+            except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+                def_mod = None
+            if def_mod != 'typing_extensions':
+                self.__module__ = def_mod
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            if self.__covariant__:
+                prefix = '+'
+            elif self.__contravariant__:
+                prefix = '-'
+            else:
+                prefix = '~'
+            return prefix + self.__name__
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return object.__hash__(self)
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            return self is other
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            return self.__name__
+
+        # Hack to get typing._type_check to pass.
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+
+        if not PEP_560:
+            # Only needed in 3.6 and lower.
+            def _get_type_vars(self, tvars):
+                if self not in tvars:
+                    tvars.append(self)
+
+
+# Inherits from list as a workaround for Callable checks in Python < 3.9.2.
+class _ConcatenateGenericAlias(list):
+
+    # Trick Generic into looking into this for __parameters__.
+    if PEP_560:
+        __class__ = typing._GenericAlias
+    elif sys.version_info[:3] == (3, 5, 2):
+        __class__ = typing.TypingMeta
+    else:
+        __class__ = typing._TypingBase
+
+    # Flag in 3.8.
+    _special = False
+    # Attribute in 3.6 and earlier.
+    if sys.version_info[:3] == (3, 5, 2):
+        _gorg = typing.GenericMeta
+    else:
+        _gorg = typing.Generic
+
+    def __init__(self, origin, args):
+        super().__init__(args)
+        self.__origin__ = origin
+        self.__args__ = args
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        _type_repr = typing._type_repr
+        return '{origin}[{args}]' \
+               .format(origin=_type_repr(self.__origin__),
+                       args=', '.join(_type_repr(arg) for arg in self.__args__))
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash((self.__origin__, self.__args__))
+
+    # Hack to get typing._type_check to pass in Generic.
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    def __parameters__(self):
+        return tuple(tp for tp in self.__args__ if isinstance(tp, (TypeVar, ParamSpec)))
+
+    if not PEP_560:
+        # Only required in 3.6 and lower.
+        def _get_type_vars(self, tvars):
+            if self.__origin__ and self.__parameters__:
+                typing._get_type_vars(self.__parameters__, tvars)
+
+
+@_tp_cache
+def _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters):
+    if parameters == ():
+        raise TypeError("Cannot take a Concatenate of no types.")
+    if not isinstance(parameters, tuple):
+        parameters = (parameters,)
+    if not isinstance(parameters[-1], ParamSpec):
+        raise TypeError("The last parameter to Concatenate should be a "
+                        "ParamSpec variable.")
+    msg = "Concatenate[arg, ...]: each arg must be a type."
+    parameters = tuple(typing._type_check(p, msg) for p in parameters)
+    return _ConcatenateGenericAlias(self, parameters)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Concatenate'):
+    Concatenate = typing.Concatenate
+    _ConcatenateGenericAlias = typing._ConcatenateGenericAlias # noqa
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    @_TypeAliasForm
+    def Concatenate(self, parameters):
+        """Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """
+        return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _ConcatenateForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+    Concatenate = _ConcatenateForm(
+        'Concatenate',
+        doc="""Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """)
+
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _ConcatenateAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Concatenate."""
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.Concatenate'
+
+    class _ConcatenateAliasBase(typing._FinalTypingBase,
+                                metaclass=_ConcatenateAliasMeta,
+                                _root=True):
+        """Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Concatenate cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Concatenate cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.Concatenate'
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+    Concatenate = _ConcatenateAliasBase(_root=True)
+# For 3.5.0 - 3.5.2
+else:
+    class _ConcatenateAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Concatenate."""
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError("Cannot instantiate TypeAlias")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+    class Concatenate(metaclass=_ConcatenateAliasMeta, _root=True):
+        """Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'TypeGuard'):
+    TypeGuard = typing.TypeGuard
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    class _TypeGuardForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    @_TypeGuardForm
+    def TypeGuard(self, parameters):
+        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """
+        item = typing._type_check(parameters, '{} accepts only single type.'.format(self))
+        return _GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _TypeGuardForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
+                                      '{} accepts only a single type'.format(self._name))
+            return _GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+    TypeGuard = _TypeGuardForm(
+        'TypeGuard',
+        doc="""Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """)
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _TypeGuard(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__type__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tp=None, **kwds):
+            self.__type__ = tp
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is None:
+                return cls(typing._type_check(item,
+                           '{} accepts only a single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:])),
+                           _root=True)
+            raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                            .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(new_tp, _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _TypeGuard):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    TypeGuard = _TypeGuard(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _TypeGuardMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for TypeGuard"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, tp=None, _root=False):
+            self = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+            if tp is not None:
+                self.__type__ = tp
+            return self
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("TypeGuard cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("TypeGuard cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                                .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+            param = typing._type_check(
+                item,
+                '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+            return cls(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                       dict(self.__dict__), tp=param, _root=True)
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                              dict(self.__dict__), tp=self.__type__,
+                              _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not hasattr(other, "__type__"):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    class TypeGuard(typing.Final, metaclass=_TypeGuardMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """
+        __type__ = None
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/LICENSE.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..429a176
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2008-2020 Andrey Petrov and contributors (see CONTRIBUTORS.txt)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..885ce44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,1426 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: urllib3
+Version: 1.26.9
+Summary: HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post, and more.
+Home-page: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/
+Author: Andrey Petrov
+Author-email: andrey.petrov@shazow.net
+License: MIT
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/
+Project-URL: Code, https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3
+Project-URL: Issue tracker, https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues
+Keywords: urllib httplib threadsafe filepost http https ssl pooling
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
+Requires-Python: >=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*, <4
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+License-File: LICENSE.txt
+Provides-Extra: brotli
+Requires-Dist: brotlicffi (>=0.8.0) ; ((os_name != "nt" or python_version >= "3") and platform_python_implementation != "CPython") and extra == 'brotli'
+Requires-Dist: brotli (>=1.0.9) ; ((os_name != "nt" or python_version >= "3") and platform_python_implementation == "CPython") and extra == 'brotli'
+Requires-Dist: brotlipy (>=0.6.0) ; (os_name == "nt" and python_version < "3") and extra == 'brotli'
+Provides-Extra: secure
+Requires-Dist: pyOpenSSL (>=0.14) ; extra == 'secure'
+Requires-Dist: cryptography (>=1.3.4) ; extra == 'secure'
+Requires-Dist: idna (>=2.0.0) ; extra == 'secure'
+Requires-Dist: certifi ; extra == 'secure'
+Requires-Dist: ipaddress ; (python_version == "2.7") and extra == 'secure'
+Provides-Extra: socks
+Requires-Dist: PySocks (!=1.5.7,<2.0,>=1.5.6) ; extra == 'socks'
+
+
+urllib3 is a powerful, *user-friendly* HTTP client for Python. Much of the
+Python ecosystem already uses urllib3 and you should too.
+urllib3 brings many critical features that are missing from the Python
+standard libraries:
+
+- Thread safety.
+- Connection pooling.
+- Client-side SSL/TLS verification.
+- File uploads with multipart encoding.
+- Helpers for retrying requests and dealing with HTTP redirects.
+- Support for gzip, deflate, and brotli encoding.
+- Proxy support for HTTP and SOCKS.
+- 100% test coverage.
+
+urllib3 is powerful and easy to use:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    >>> import urllib3
+    >>> http = urllib3.PoolManager()
+    >>> r = http.request('GET', 'http://httpbin.org/robots.txt')
+    >>> r.status
+    200
+    >>> r.data
+    'User-agent: *\nDisallow: /deny\n'
+
+
+Installing
+----------
+
+urllib3 can be installed with `pip <https://pip.pypa.io>`_::
+
+    $ python -m pip install urllib3
+
+Alternatively, you can grab the latest source code from `GitHub <https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3>`_::
+
+    $ git clone git://github.com/urllib3/urllib3.git
+    $ pip install .
+
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+
+urllib3 has usage and reference documentation at `urllib3.readthedocs.io <https://urllib3.readthedocs.io>`_.
+
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+urllib3 happily accepts contributions. Please see our
+`contributing documentation <https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contributing.html>`_
+for some tips on getting started.
+
+
+Security Disclosures
+--------------------
+
+To report a security vulnerability, please use the
+`Tidelift security contact <https://tidelift.com/security>`_.
+Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure with maintainers.
+
+
+Maintainers
+-----------
+
+- `@sethmlarson <https://github.com/sethmlarson>`__ (Seth M. Larson)
+- `@pquentin <https://github.com/pquentin>`__ (Quentin Pradet)
+- `@theacodes <https://github.com/theacodes>`__ (Thea Flowers)
+- `@haikuginger <https://github.com/haikuginger>`__ (Jess Shapiro)
+- `@lukasa <https://github.com/lukasa>`__ (Cory Benfield)
+- `@sigmavirus24 <https://github.com/sigmavirus24>`__ (Ian Stapleton Cordasco)
+- `@shazow <https://github.com/shazow>`__ (Andrey Petrov)
+
+👋
+
+
+Sponsorship
+-----------
+
+If your company benefits from this library, please consider `sponsoring its
+development <https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/sponsors.html>`_.
+
+
+For Enterprise
+--------------
+
+.. |tideliftlogo| image:: https://nedbatchelder.com/pix/Tidelift_Logos_RGB_Tidelift_Shorthand_On-White_small.png
+   :width: 75
+   :alt: Tidelift
+
+.. list-table::
+   :widths: 10 100
+
+   * - |tideliftlogo|
+     - Professional support for urllib3 is available as part of the `Tidelift
+       Subscription`_.  Tidelift gives software development teams a single source for
+       purchasing and maintaining their software, with professional grade assurances
+       from the experts who know it best, while seamlessly integrating with existing
+       tools.
+
+.. _Tidelift Subscription: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-urllib3?utm_source=pypi-urllib3&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=readme
+
+
+Changes
+=======
+
+1.26.9 (2022-03-16)
+-------------------
+
+* Changed ``urllib3[brotli]`` extra to favor installing Brotli libraries that are still
+  receiving updates like ``brotli`` and ``brotlicffi`` instead of ``brotlipy``.
+  This change does not impact behavior of urllib3, only which dependencies are installed.
+* Fixed a socket leaking when ``HTTPSConnection.connect()`` raises an exception.
+* Fixed ``server_hostname`` being forwarded from ``PoolManager`` to ``HTTPConnectionPool``
+  when requesting an HTTP URL. Should only be forwarded when requesting an HTTPS URL.
+
+
+1.26.8 (2022-01-07)
+-------------------
+
+* Added extra message to ``urllib3.exceptions.ProxyError`` when urllib3 detects that
+  a proxy is configured to use HTTPS but the proxy itself appears to only use HTTP.
+* Added a mention of the size of the connection pool when discarding a connection due to the pool being full.
+* Added explicit support for Python 3.11.
+* Deprecated the ``Retry.MAX_BACKOFF`` class property in favor of ``Retry.DEFAULT_MAX_BACKOFF``
+  to better match the rest of the default parameter names. ``Retry.MAX_BACKOFF`` is removed in v2.0.
+* Changed location of the vendored ``ssl.match_hostname`` function from ``urllib3.packages.ssl_match_hostname``
+  to ``urllib3.util.ssl_match_hostname`` to ensure Python 3.10+ compatibility after being repackaged
+  by downstream distributors.
+* Fixed absolute imports, all imports are now relative.
+
+
+1.26.7 (2021-09-22)
+-------------------
+
+* Fixed a bug with HTTPS hostname verification involving IP addresses and lack
+  of SNI. (Issue #2400)
+* Fixed a bug where IPv6 braces weren't stripped during certificate hostname
+  matching. (Issue #2240)
+
+
+1.26.6 (2021-06-25)
+-------------------
+
+* Deprecated the ``urllib3.contrib.ntlmpool`` module. urllib3 is not able to support
+  it properly due to `reasons listed in this issue <https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/2282>`_.
+  If you are a user of this module please leave a comment.
+* Changed ``HTTPConnection.request_chunked()`` to not erroneously emit multiple
+  ``Transfer-Encoding`` headers in the case that one is already specified.
+* Fixed typo in deprecation message to recommend ``Retry.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS``.
+
+
+1.26.5 (2021-05-26)
+-------------------
+
+* Fixed deprecation warnings emitted in Python 3.10.
+* Updated vendored ``six`` library to 1.16.0.
+* Improved performance of URL parser when splitting
+  the authority component.
+
+
+1.26.4 (2021-03-15)
+-------------------
+
+* Changed behavior of the default ``SSLContext`` when connecting to HTTPS proxy
+  during HTTPS requests. The default ``SSLContext`` now sets ``check_hostname=True``.
+
+
+1.26.3 (2021-01-26)
+-------------------
+
+* Fixed bytes and string comparison issue with headers (Pull #2141)
+
+* Changed ``ProxySchemeUnknown`` error message to be
+  more actionable if the user supplies a proxy URL without
+  a scheme. (Pull #2107)
+
+
+1.26.2 (2020-11-12)
+-------------------
+
+* Fixed an issue where ``wrap_socket`` and ``CERT_REQUIRED`` wouldn't
+  be imported properly on Python 2.7.8 and earlier (Pull #2052)
+
+
+1.26.1 (2020-11-11)
+-------------------
+
+* Fixed an issue where two ``User-Agent`` headers would be sent if a
+  ``User-Agent`` header key is passed as ``bytes`` (Pull #2047)
+
+
+1.26.0 (2020-11-10)
+-------------------
+
+* **NOTE: urllib3 v2.0 will drop support for Python 2**.
+  `Read more in the v2.0 Roadmap <https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/v2-roadmap.html>`_.
+
+* Added support for HTTPS proxies contacting HTTPS servers (Pull #1923, Pull #1806)
+
+* Deprecated negotiating TLSv1 and TLSv1.1 by default. Users that
+  still wish to use TLS earlier than 1.2 without a deprecation warning
+  should opt-in explicitly by setting ``ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1`` (Pull #2002)
+  **Starting in urllib3 v2.0: Connections that receive a ``DeprecationWarning`` will fail**
+
+* Deprecated ``Retry`` options ``Retry.DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST``, ``Retry.DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST``
+  and ``Retry(method_whitelist=...)`` in favor of ``Retry.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS``,
+  ``Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT``, and ``Retry(allowed_methods=...)``
+  (Pull #2000) **Starting in urllib3 v2.0: Deprecated options will be removed**
+
+* Added default ``User-Agent`` header to every request (Pull #1750)
+
+* Added ``urllib3.util.SKIP_HEADER`` for skipping ``User-Agent``, ``Accept-Encoding``, 
+  and ``Host`` headers from being automatically emitted with requests (Pull #2018)
+
+* Collapse ``transfer-encoding: chunked`` request data and framing into
+  the same ``socket.send()`` call (Pull #1906)
+
+* Send ``http/1.1`` ALPN identifier with every TLS handshake by default (Pull #1894)
+
+* Properly terminate SecureTransport connections when CA verification fails (Pull #1977)
+
+* Don't emit an ``SNIMissingWarning`` when passing ``server_hostname=None``
+  to SecureTransport (Pull #1903)
+
+* Disabled requesting TLSv1.2 session tickets as they weren't being used by urllib3 (Pull #1970)
+
+* Suppress ``BrokenPipeError`` when writing request body after the server
+  has closed the socket (Pull #1524)
+
+* Wrap ``ssl.SSLError`` that can be raised from reading a socket (e.g. "bad MAC")
+  into an ``urllib3.exceptions.SSLError`` (Pull #1939)
+
+
+1.25.11 (2020-10-19)
+--------------------
+
+* Fix retry backoff time parsed from ``Retry-After`` header when given
+  in the HTTP date format. The HTTP date was parsed as the local timezone
+  rather than accounting for the timezone in the HTTP date (typically
+  UTC) (Pull #1932, Pull #1935, Pull #1938, Pull #1949)
+
+* Fix issue where an error would be raised when the ``SSLKEYLOGFILE``
+  environment variable was set to the empty string. Now ``SSLContext.keylog_file``
+  is not set in this situation (Pull #2016)
+
+
+1.25.10 (2020-07-22)
+--------------------
+
+* Added support for ``SSLKEYLOGFILE`` environment variable for
+  logging TLS session keys with use with programs like
+  Wireshark for decrypting captured web traffic (Pull #1867)
+
+* Fixed loading of SecureTransport libraries on macOS Big Sur
+  due to the new dynamic linker cache (Pull #1905)
+
+* Collapse chunked request bodies data and framing into one
+  call to ``send()`` to reduce the number of TCP packets by 2-4x (Pull #1906)
+
+* Don't insert ``None`` into ``ConnectionPool`` if the pool
+  was empty when requesting a connection (Pull #1866)
+
+* Avoid ``hasattr`` call in ``BrotliDecoder.decompress()`` (Pull #1858)
+
+
+1.25.9 (2020-04-16)
+-------------------
+
+* Added ``InvalidProxyConfigurationWarning`` which is raised when
+  erroneously specifying an HTTPS proxy URL. urllib3 doesn't currently
+  support connecting to HTTPS proxies but will soon be able to
+  and we would like users to migrate properly without much breakage.
+
+  See `this GitHub issue <https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/1850>`_
+  for more information on how to fix your proxy config. (Pull #1851)
+
+* Drain connection after ``PoolManager`` redirect (Pull #1817)
+
+* Ensure ``load_verify_locations`` raises ``SSLError`` for all backends (Pull #1812)
+
+* Rename ``VerifiedHTTPSConnection`` to ``HTTPSConnection`` (Pull #1805)
+
+* Allow the CA certificate data to be passed as a string (Pull #1804)
+
+* Raise ``ValueError`` if method contains control characters (Pull #1800)
+
+* Add ``__repr__`` to ``Timeout`` (Pull #1795)
+
+
+1.25.8 (2020-01-20)
+-------------------
+
+* Drop support for EOL Python 3.4 (Pull #1774)
+
+* Optimize _encode_invalid_chars (Pull #1787)
+
+
+1.25.7 (2019-11-11)
+-------------------
+
+* Preserve ``chunked`` parameter on retries (Pull #1715, Pull #1734)
+
+* Allow unset ``SERVER_SOFTWARE`` in App Engine (Pull #1704, Issue #1470)
+
+* Fix issue where URL fragment was sent within the request target. (Pull #1732)
+
+* Fix issue where an empty query section in a URL would fail to parse. (Pull #1732)
+
+* Remove TLS 1.3 support in SecureTransport due to Apple removing support (Pull #1703)
+
+
+1.25.6 (2019-09-24)
+-------------------
+
+* Fix issue where tilde (``~``) characters were incorrectly
+  percent-encoded in the path. (Pull #1692)
+
+
+1.25.5 (2019-09-19)
+-------------------
+
+* Add mitigation for BPO-37428 affecting Python <3.7.4 and OpenSSL 1.1.1+ which
+  caused certificate verification to be enabled when using ``cert_reqs=CERT_NONE``.
+  (Issue #1682)
+
+
+1.25.4 (2019-09-19)
+-------------------
+
+* Propagate Retry-After header settings to subsequent retries. (Pull #1607)
+
+* Fix edge case where Retry-After header was still respected even when
+  explicitly opted out of. (Pull #1607)
+
+* Remove dependency on ``rfc3986`` for URL parsing.
+
+* Fix issue where URLs containing invalid characters within ``Url.auth`` would
+  raise an exception instead of percent-encoding those characters.
+
+* Add support for ``HTTPResponse.auto_close = False`` which makes HTTP responses
+  work well with BufferedReaders and other ``io`` module features. (Pull #1652)
+
+* Percent-encode invalid characters in URL for ``HTTPConnectionPool.request()`` (Pull #1673)
+
+
+1.25.3 (2019-05-23)
+-------------------
+
+* Change ``HTTPSConnection`` to load system CA certificates
+  when ``ca_certs``, ``ca_cert_dir``, and ``ssl_context`` are
+  unspecified. (Pull #1608, Issue #1603)
+
+* Upgrade bundled rfc3986 to v1.3.2. (Pull #1609, Issue #1605)
+
+
+1.25.2 (2019-04-28)
+-------------------
+
+* Change ``is_ipaddress`` to not detect IPvFuture addresses. (Pull #1583)
+
+* Change ``parse_url`` to percent-encode invalid characters within the
+  path, query, and target components. (Pull #1586)
+
+
+1.25.1 (2019-04-24)
+-------------------
+
+* Add support for Google's ``Brotli`` package. (Pull #1572, Pull #1579)
+
+* Upgrade bundled rfc3986 to v1.3.1 (Pull #1578)
+
+
+1.25 (2019-04-22)
+-----------------
+
+* Require and validate certificates by default when using HTTPS (Pull #1507)
+
+* Upgraded ``urllib3.utils.parse_url()`` to be RFC 3986 compliant. (Pull #1487)
+
+* Added support for ``key_password`` for ``HTTPSConnectionPool`` to use
+  encrypted ``key_file`` without creating your own ``SSLContext`` object. (Pull #1489)
+
+* Add TLSv1.3 support to CPython, pyOpenSSL, and SecureTransport ``SSLContext``
+  implementations. (Pull #1496)
+
+* Switched the default multipart header encoder from RFC 2231 to HTML 5 working draft. (Issue #303, Pull #1492)
+
+* Fixed issue where OpenSSL would block if an encrypted client private key was
+  given and no password was given. Instead an ``SSLError`` is raised. (Pull #1489)
+
+* Added support for Brotli content encoding. It is enabled automatically if
+  ``brotlipy`` package is installed which can be requested with
+  ``urllib3[brotli]`` extra. (Pull #1532)
+
+* Drop ciphers using DSS key exchange from default TLS cipher suites.
+  Improve default ciphers when using SecureTransport. (Pull #1496)
+
+* Implemented a more efficient ``HTTPResponse.__iter__()`` method. (Issue #1483)
+
+1.24.3 (2019-05-01)
+-------------------
+
+* Apply fix for CVE-2019-9740. (Pull #1591)
+
+1.24.2 (2019-04-17)
+-------------------
+
+* Don't load system certificates by default when any other ``ca_certs``, ``ca_certs_dir`` or
+  ``ssl_context`` parameters are specified.
+
+* Remove Authorization header regardless of case when redirecting to cross-site. (Issue #1510)
+
+* Add support for IPv6 addresses in subjectAltName section of certificates. (Issue #1269)
+
+
+1.24.1 (2018-11-02)
+-------------------
+
+* Remove quadratic behavior within ``GzipDecoder.decompress()`` (Issue #1467)
+
+* Restored functionality of ``ciphers`` parameter for ``create_urllib3_context()``. (Issue #1462)
+
+
+1.24 (2018-10-16)
+-----------------
+
+* Allow key_server_hostname to be specified when initializing a PoolManager to allow custom SNI to be overridden. (Pull #1449)
+
+* Test against Python 3.7 on AppVeyor. (Pull #1453)
+
+* Early-out ipv6 checks when running on App Engine. (Pull #1450)
+
+* Change ambiguous description of backoff_factor (Pull #1436)
+
+* Add ability to handle multiple Content-Encodings (Issue #1441 and Pull #1442)
+
+* Skip DNS names that can't be idna-decoded when using pyOpenSSL (Issue #1405).
+
+* Add a server_hostname parameter to HTTPSConnection which allows for
+  overriding the SNI hostname sent in the handshake. (Pull #1397)
+
+* Drop support for EOL Python 2.6 (Pull #1429 and Pull #1430)
+
+* Fixed bug where responses with header Content-Type: message/* erroneously
+  raised HeaderParsingError, resulting in a warning being logged. (Pull #1439)
+
+* Move urllib3 to src/urllib3 (Pull #1409)
+
+
+1.23 (2018-06-04)
+-----------------
+
+* Allow providing a list of headers to strip from requests when redirecting
+  to a different host. Defaults to the ``Authorization`` header. Different
+  headers can be set via ``Retry.remove_headers_on_redirect``. (Issue #1316)
+
+* Fix ``util.selectors._fileobj_to_fd`` to accept ``long`` (Issue #1247).
+
+* Dropped Python 3.3 support. (Pull #1242)
+
+* Put the connection back in the pool when calling stream() or read_chunked() on
+  a chunked HEAD response. (Issue #1234)
+
+* Fixed pyOpenSSL-specific ssl client authentication issue when clients
+  attempted to auth via certificate + chain (Issue #1060)
+
+* Add the port to the connectionpool connect print (Pull #1251)
+
+* Don't use the ``uuid`` module to create multipart data boundaries. (Pull #1380)
+
+* ``read_chunked()`` on a closed response returns no chunks. (Issue #1088)
+
+* Add Python 2.6 support to ``contrib.securetransport`` (Pull #1359)
+
+* Added support for auth info in url for SOCKS proxy (Pull #1363)
+
+
+1.22 (2017-07-20)
+-----------------
+
+* Fixed missing brackets in ``HTTP CONNECT`` when connecting to IPv6 address via
+  IPv6 proxy. (Issue #1222)
+
+* Made the connection pool retry on ``SSLError``.  The original ``SSLError``
+  is available on ``MaxRetryError.reason``. (Issue #1112)
+
+* Drain and release connection before recursing on retry/redirect.  Fixes
+  deadlocks with a blocking connectionpool. (Issue #1167)
+
+* Fixed compatibility for cookiejar. (Issue #1229)
+
+* pyopenssl: Use vendored version of ``six``. (Issue #1231)
+
+
+1.21.1 (2017-05-02)
+-------------------
+
+* Fixed SecureTransport issue that would cause long delays in response body
+  delivery. (Pull #1154)
+
+* Fixed regression in 1.21 that threw exceptions when users passed the
+  ``socket_options`` flag to the ``PoolManager``.  (Issue #1165)
+
+* Fixed regression in 1.21 that threw exceptions when users passed the
+  ``assert_hostname`` or ``assert_fingerprint`` flag to the ``PoolManager``.
+  (Pull #1157)
+
+
+1.21 (2017-04-25)
+-----------------
+
+* Improved performance of certain selector system calls on Python 3.5 and
+  later. (Pull #1095)
+
+* Resolved issue where the PyOpenSSL backend would not wrap SysCallError
+  exceptions appropriately when sending data. (Pull #1125)
+
+* Selectors now detects a monkey-patched select module after import for modules
+  that patch the select module like eventlet, greenlet. (Pull #1128)
+
+* Reduced memory consumption when streaming zlib-compressed responses
+  (as opposed to raw deflate streams). (Pull #1129)
+
+* Connection pools now use the entire request context when constructing the
+  pool key. (Pull #1016)
+
+* ``PoolManager.connection_from_*`` methods now accept a new keyword argument,
+  ``pool_kwargs``, which are merged with the existing ``connection_pool_kw``.
+  (Pull #1016)
+
+* Add retry counter for ``status_forcelist``. (Issue #1147)
+
+* Added ``contrib`` module for using SecureTransport on macOS:
+  ``urllib3.contrib.securetransport``.  (Pull #1122)
+
+* urllib3 now only normalizes the case of ``http://`` and ``https://`` schemes:
+  for schemes it does not recognise, it assumes they are case-sensitive and
+  leaves them unchanged.
+  (Issue #1080)
+
+
+1.20 (2017-01-19)
+-----------------
+
+* Added support for waiting for I/O using selectors other than select,
+  improving urllib3's behaviour with large numbers of concurrent connections.
+  (Pull #1001)
+
+* Updated the date for the system clock check. (Issue #1005)
+
+* ConnectionPools now correctly consider hostnames to be case-insensitive.
+  (Issue #1032)
+
+* Outdated versions of PyOpenSSL now cause the PyOpenSSL contrib module
+  to fail when it is injected, rather than at first use. (Pull #1063)
+
+* Outdated versions of cryptography now cause the PyOpenSSL contrib module
+  to fail when it is injected, rather than at first use. (Issue #1044)
+
+* Automatically attempt to rewind a file-like body object when a request is
+  retried or redirected. (Pull #1039)
+
+* Fix some bugs that occur when modules incautiously patch the queue module.
+  (Pull #1061)
+
+* Prevent retries from occurring on read timeouts for which the request method
+  was not in the method whitelist. (Issue #1059)
+
+* Changed the PyOpenSSL contrib module to lazily load idna to avoid
+  unnecessarily bloating the memory of programs that don't need it. (Pull
+  #1076)
+
+* Add support for IPv6 literals with zone identifiers. (Pull #1013)
+
+* Added support for socks5h:// and socks4a:// schemes when working with SOCKS
+  proxies, and controlled remote DNS appropriately. (Issue #1035)
+
+
+1.19.1 (2016-11-16)
+-------------------
+
+* Fixed AppEngine import that didn't function on Python 3.5. (Pull #1025)
+
+
+1.19 (2016-11-03)
+-----------------
+
+* urllib3 now respects Retry-After headers on 413, 429, and 503 responses when
+  using the default retry logic. (Pull #955)
+
+* Remove markers from setup.py to assist ancient setuptools versions. (Issue
+  #986)
+
+* Disallow superscripts and other integerish things in URL ports. (Issue #989)
+
+* Allow urllib3's HTTPResponse.stream() method to continue to work with
+  non-httplib underlying FPs. (Pull #990)
+
+* Empty filenames in multipart headers are now emitted as such, rather than
+  being suppressed. (Issue #1015)
+
+* Prefer user-supplied Host headers on chunked uploads. (Issue #1009)
+
+
+1.18.1 (2016-10-27)
+-------------------
+
+* CVE-2016-9015. Users who are using urllib3 version 1.17 or 1.18 along with
+  PyOpenSSL injection and OpenSSL 1.1.0 *must* upgrade to this version. This
+  release fixes a vulnerability whereby urllib3 in the above configuration
+  would silently fail to validate TLS certificates due to erroneously setting
+  invalid flags in OpenSSL's ``SSL_CTX_set_verify`` function. These erroneous
+  flags do not cause a problem in OpenSSL versions before 1.1.0, which
+  interprets the presence of any flag as requesting certificate validation.
+
+  There is no PR for this patch, as it was prepared for simultaneous disclosure
+  and release. The master branch received the same fix in Pull #1010.
+
+
+1.18 (2016-09-26)
+-----------------
+
+* Fixed incorrect message for IncompleteRead exception. (Pull #973)
+
+* Accept ``iPAddress`` subject alternative name fields in TLS certificates.
+  (Issue #258)
+
+* Fixed consistency of ``HTTPResponse.closed`` between Python 2 and 3.
+  (Issue #977)
+
+* Fixed handling of wildcard certificates when using PyOpenSSL. (Issue #979)
+
+
+1.17 (2016-09-06)
+-----------------
+
+* Accept ``SSLContext`` objects for use in SSL/TLS negotiation. (Issue #835)
+
+* ConnectionPool debug log now includes scheme, host, and port. (Issue #897)
+
+* Substantially refactored documentation. (Issue #887)
+
+* Used URLFetch default timeout on AppEngine, rather than hardcoding our own.
+  (Issue #858)
+
+* Normalize the scheme and host in the URL parser (Issue #833)
+
+* ``HTTPResponse`` contains the last ``Retry`` object, which now also
+  contains retries history. (Issue #848)
+
+* Timeout can no longer be set as boolean, and must be greater than zero.
+  (Pull #924)
+
+* Removed pyasn1 and ndg-httpsclient from dependencies used for PyOpenSSL. We
+  now use cryptography and idna, both of which are already dependencies of
+  PyOpenSSL. (Pull #930)
+
+* Fixed infinite loop in ``stream`` when amt=None. (Issue #928)
+
+* Try to use the operating system's certificates when we are using an
+  ``SSLContext``. (Pull #941)
+
+* Updated cipher suite list to allow ChaCha20+Poly1305. AES-GCM is preferred to
+  ChaCha20, but ChaCha20 is then preferred to everything else. (Pull #947)
+
+* Updated cipher suite list to remove 3DES-based cipher suites. (Pull #958)
+
+* Removed the cipher suite fallback to allow HIGH ciphers. (Pull #958)
+
+* Implemented ``length_remaining`` to determine remaining content
+  to be read. (Pull #949)
+
+* Implemented ``enforce_content_length`` to enable exceptions when
+  incomplete data chunks are received. (Pull #949)
+
+* Dropped connection start, dropped connection reset, redirect, forced retry,
+  and new HTTPS connection log levels to DEBUG, from INFO. (Pull #967)
+
+
+1.16 (2016-06-11)
+-----------------
+
+* Disable IPv6 DNS when IPv6 connections are not possible. (Issue #840)
+
+* Provide ``key_fn_by_scheme`` pool keying mechanism that can be
+  overridden. (Issue #830)
+
+* Normalize scheme and host to lowercase for pool keys, and include
+  ``source_address``. (Issue #830)
+
+* Cleaner exception chain in Python 3 for ``_make_request``.
+  (Issue #861)
+
+* Fixed installing ``urllib3[socks]`` extra. (Issue #864)
+
+* Fixed signature of ``ConnectionPool.close`` so it can actually safely be
+  called by subclasses. (Issue #873)
+
+* Retain ``release_conn`` state across retries. (Issues #651, #866)
+
+* Add customizable ``HTTPConnectionPool.ResponseCls``, which defaults to
+  ``HTTPResponse`` but can be replaced with a subclass. (Issue #879)
+
+
+1.15.1 (2016-04-11)
+-------------------
+
+* Fix packaging to include backports module. (Issue #841)
+
+
+1.15 (2016-04-06)
+-----------------
+
+* Added Retry(raise_on_status=False). (Issue #720)
+
+* Always use setuptools, no more distutils fallback. (Issue #785)
+
+* Dropped support for Python 3.2. (Issue #786)
+
+* Chunked transfer encoding when requesting with ``chunked=True``.
+  (Issue #790)
+
+* Fixed regression with IPv6 port parsing. (Issue #801)
+
+* Append SNIMissingWarning messages to allow users to specify it in
+  the PYTHONWARNINGS environment variable. (Issue #816)
+
+* Handle unicode headers in Py2. (Issue #818)
+
+* Log certificate when there is a hostname mismatch. (Issue #820)
+
+* Preserve order of request/response headers. (Issue #821)
+
+
+1.14 (2015-12-29)
+-----------------
+
+* contrib: SOCKS proxy support! (Issue #762)
+
+* Fixed AppEngine handling of transfer-encoding header and bug
+  in Timeout defaults checking. (Issue #763)
+
+
+1.13.1 (2015-12-18)
+-------------------
+
+* Fixed regression in IPv6 + SSL for match_hostname. (Issue #761)
+
+
+1.13 (2015-12-14)
+-----------------
+
+* Fixed ``pip install urllib3[secure]`` on modern pip. (Issue #706)
+
+* pyopenssl: Fixed SSL3_WRITE_PENDING error. (Issue #717)
+
+* pyopenssl: Support for TLSv1.1 and TLSv1.2. (Issue #696)
+
+* Close connections more defensively on exception. (Issue #734)
+
+* Adjusted ``read_chunked`` to handle gzipped, chunk-encoded bodies without
+  repeatedly flushing the decoder, to function better on Jython. (Issue #743)
+
+* Accept ``ca_cert_dir`` for SSL-related PoolManager configuration. (Issue #758)
+
+
+1.12 (2015-09-03)
+-----------------
+
+* Rely on ``six`` for importing ``httplib`` to work around
+  conflicts with other Python 3 shims. (Issue #688)
+
+* Add support for directories of certificate authorities, as supported by
+  OpenSSL. (Issue #701)
+
+* New exception: ``NewConnectionError``, raised when we fail to establish
+  a new connection, usually ``ECONNREFUSED`` socket error.
+
+
+1.11 (2015-07-21)
+-----------------
+
+* When ``ca_certs`` is given, ``cert_reqs`` defaults to
+  ``'CERT_REQUIRED'``. (Issue #650)
+
+* ``pip install urllib3[secure]`` will install Certifi and
+  PyOpenSSL as dependencies. (Issue #678)
+
+* Made ``HTTPHeaderDict`` usable as a ``headers`` input value
+  (Issues #632, #679)
+
+* Added `urllib3.contrib.appengine <https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contrib.html#google-app-engine>`_
+  which has an ``AppEngineManager`` for using ``URLFetch`` in a
+  Google AppEngine environment. (Issue #664)
+
+* Dev: Added test suite for AppEngine. (Issue #631)
+
+* Fix performance regression when using PyOpenSSL. (Issue #626)
+
+* Passing incorrect scheme (e.g. ``foo://``) will raise
+  ``ValueError`` instead of ``AssertionError`` (backwards
+  compatible for now, but please migrate). (Issue #640)
+
+* Fix pools not getting replenished when an error occurs during a
+  request using ``release_conn=False``. (Issue #644)
+
+* Fix pool-default headers not applying for url-encoded requests
+  like GET. (Issue #657)
+
+* log.warning in Python 3 when headers are skipped due to parsing
+  errors. (Issue #642)
+
+* Close and discard connections if an error occurs during read.
+  (Issue #660)
+
+* Fix host parsing for IPv6 proxies. (Issue #668)
+
+* Separate warning type SubjectAltNameWarning, now issued once
+  per host. (Issue #671)
+
+* Fix ``httplib.IncompleteRead`` not getting converted to
+  ``ProtocolError`` when using ``HTTPResponse.stream()``
+  (Issue #674)
+
+1.10.4 (2015-05-03)
+-------------------
+
+* Migrate tests to Tornado 4. (Issue #594)
+
+* Append default warning configuration rather than overwrite.
+  (Issue #603)
+
+* Fix streaming decoding regression. (Issue #595)
+
+* Fix chunked requests losing state across keep-alive connections.
+  (Issue #599)
+
+* Fix hanging when chunked HEAD response has no body. (Issue #605)
+
+
+1.10.3 (2015-04-21)
+-------------------
+
+* Emit ``InsecurePlatformWarning`` when SSLContext object is missing.
+  (Issue #558)
+
+* Fix regression of duplicate header keys being discarded.
+  (Issue #563)
+
+* ``Response.stream()`` returns a generator for chunked responses.
+  (Issue #560)
+
+* Set upper-bound timeout when waiting for a socket in PyOpenSSL.
+  (Issue #585)
+
+* Work on platforms without `ssl` module for plain HTTP requests.
+  (Issue #587)
+
+* Stop relying on the stdlib's default cipher list. (Issue #588)
+
+
+1.10.2 (2015-02-25)
+-------------------
+
+* Fix file descriptor leakage on retries. (Issue #548)
+
+* Removed RC4 from default cipher list. (Issue #551)
+
+* Header performance improvements. (Issue #544)
+
+* Fix PoolManager not obeying redirect retry settings. (Issue #553)
+
+
+1.10.1 (2015-02-10)
+-------------------
+
+* Pools can be used as context managers. (Issue #545)
+
+* Don't re-use connections which experienced an SSLError. (Issue #529)
+
+* Don't fail when gzip decoding an empty stream. (Issue #535)
+
+* Add sha256 support for fingerprint verification. (Issue #540)
+
+* Fixed handling of header values containing commas. (Issue #533)
+
+
+1.10 (2014-12-14)
+-----------------
+
+* Disabled SSLv3. (Issue #473)
+
+* Add ``Url.url`` property to return the composed url string. (Issue #394)
+
+* Fixed PyOpenSSL + gevent ``WantWriteError``. (Issue #412)
+
+* ``MaxRetryError.reason`` will always be an exception, not string.
+  (Issue #481)
+
+* Fixed SSL-related timeouts not being detected as timeouts. (Issue #492)
+
+* Py3: Use ``ssl.create_default_context()`` when available. (Issue #473)
+
+* Emit ``InsecureRequestWarning`` for *every* insecure HTTPS request.
+  (Issue #496)
+
+* Emit ``SecurityWarning`` when certificate has no ``subjectAltName``.
+  (Issue #499)
+
+* Close and discard sockets which experienced SSL-related errors.
+  (Issue #501)
+
+* Handle ``body`` param in ``.request(...)``. (Issue #513)
+
+* Respect timeout with HTTPS proxy. (Issue #505)
+
+* PyOpenSSL: Handle ZeroReturnError exception. (Issue #520)
+
+
+1.9.1 (2014-09-13)
+------------------
+
+* Apply socket arguments before binding. (Issue #427)
+
+* More careful checks if fp-like object is closed. (Issue #435)
+
+* Fixed packaging issues of some development-related files not
+  getting included. (Issue #440)
+
+* Allow performing *only* fingerprint verification. (Issue #444)
+
+* Emit ``SecurityWarning`` if system clock is waaay off. (Issue #445)
+
+* Fixed PyOpenSSL compatibility with PyPy. (Issue #450)
+
+* Fixed ``BrokenPipeError`` and ``ConnectionError`` handling in Py3.
+  (Issue #443)
+
+
+
+1.9 (2014-07-04)
+----------------
+
+* Shuffled around development-related files. If you're maintaining a distro
+  package of urllib3, you may need to tweak things. (Issue #415)
+
+* Unverified HTTPS requests will trigger a warning on the first request. See
+  our new `security documentation
+  <https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/security.html>`_ for details.
+  (Issue #426)
+
+* New retry logic and ``urllib3.util.retry.Retry`` configuration object.
+  (Issue #326)
+
+* All raised exceptions should now wrapped in a
+  ``urllib3.exceptions.HTTPException``-extending exception. (Issue #326)
+
+* All errors during a retry-enabled request should be wrapped in
+  ``urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError``, including timeout-related exceptions
+  which were previously exempt. Underlying error is accessible from the
+  ``.reason`` property. (Issue #326)
+
+* ``urllib3.exceptions.ConnectionError`` renamed to
+  ``urllib3.exceptions.ProtocolError``. (Issue #326)
+
+* Errors during response read (such as IncompleteRead) are now wrapped in
+  ``urllib3.exceptions.ProtocolError``. (Issue #418)
+
+* Requesting an empty host will raise ``urllib3.exceptions.LocationValueError``.
+  (Issue #417)
+
+* Catch read timeouts over SSL connections as
+  ``urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError``. (Issue #419)
+
+* Apply socket arguments before connecting. (Issue #427)
+
+
+1.8.3 (2014-06-23)
+------------------
+
+* Fix TLS verification when using a proxy in Python 3.4.1. (Issue #385)
+
+* Add ``disable_cache`` option to ``urllib3.util.make_headers``. (Issue #393)
+
+* Wrap ``socket.timeout`` exception with
+  ``urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError``. (Issue #399)
+
+* Fixed proxy-related bug where connections were being reused incorrectly.
+  (Issues #366, #369)
+
+* Added ``socket_options`` keyword parameter which allows to define
+  ``setsockopt`` configuration of new sockets. (Issue #397)
+
+* Removed ``HTTPConnection.tcp_nodelay`` in favor of
+  ``HTTPConnection.default_socket_options``. (Issue #397)
+
+* Fixed ``TypeError`` bug in Python 2.6.4. (Issue #411)
+
+
+1.8.2 (2014-04-17)
+------------------
+
+* Fix ``urllib3.util`` not being included in the package.
+
+
+1.8.1 (2014-04-17)
+------------------
+
+* Fix AppEngine bug of HTTPS requests going out as HTTP. (Issue #356)
+
+* Don't install ``dummyserver`` into ``site-packages`` as it's only needed
+  for the test suite. (Issue #362)
+
+* Added support for specifying ``source_address``. (Issue #352)
+
+
+1.8 (2014-03-04)
+----------------
+
+* Improved url parsing in ``urllib3.util.parse_url`` (properly parse '@' in
+  username, and blank ports like 'hostname:').
+
+* New ``urllib3.connection`` module which contains all the HTTPConnection
+  objects.
+
+* Several ``urllib3.util.Timeout``-related fixes. Also changed constructor
+  signature to a more sensible order. [Backwards incompatible]
+  (Issues #252, #262, #263)
+
+* Use ``backports.ssl_match_hostname`` if it's installed. (Issue #274)
+
+* Added ``.tell()`` method to ``urllib3.response.HTTPResponse`` which
+  returns the number of bytes read so far. (Issue #277)
+
+* Support for platforms without threading. (Issue #289)
+
+* Expand default-port comparison in ``HTTPConnectionPool.is_same_host``
+  to allow a pool with no specified port to be considered equal to to an
+  HTTP/HTTPS url with port 80/443 explicitly provided. (Issue #305)
+
+* Improved default SSL/TLS settings to avoid vulnerabilities.
+  (Issue #309)
+
+* Fixed ``urllib3.poolmanager.ProxyManager`` not retrying on connect errors.
+  (Issue #310)
+
+* Disable Nagle's Algorithm on the socket for non-proxies. A subset of requests
+  will send the entire HTTP request ~200 milliseconds faster; however, some of
+  the resulting TCP packets will be smaller. (Issue #254)
+
+* Increased maximum number of SubjectAltNames in ``urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl``
+  from the default 64 to 1024 in a single certificate. (Issue #318)
+
+* Headers are now passed and stored as a custom
+  ``urllib3.collections_.HTTPHeaderDict`` object rather than a plain ``dict``.
+  (Issue #329, #333)
+
+* Headers no longer lose their case on Python 3. (Issue #236)
+
+* ``urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl`` now uses the operating system's default CA
+  certificates on inject. (Issue #332)
+
+* Requests with ``retries=False`` will immediately raise any exceptions without
+  wrapping them in ``MaxRetryError``. (Issue #348)
+
+* Fixed open socket leak with SSL-related failures. (Issue #344, #348)
+
+
+1.7.1 (2013-09-25)
+------------------
+
+* Added granular timeout support with new ``urllib3.util.Timeout`` class.
+  (Issue #231)
+
+* Fixed Python 3.4 support. (Issue #238)
+
+
+1.7 (2013-08-14)
+----------------
+
+* More exceptions are now pickle-able, with tests. (Issue #174)
+
+* Fixed redirecting with relative URLs in Location header. (Issue #178)
+
+* Support for relative urls in ``Location: ...`` header. (Issue #179)
+
+* ``urllib3.response.HTTPResponse`` now inherits from ``io.IOBase`` for bonus
+  file-like functionality. (Issue #187)
+
+* Passing ``assert_hostname=False`` when creating a HTTPSConnectionPool will
+  skip hostname verification for SSL connections. (Issue #194)
+
+* New method ``urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.stream(...)`` which acts as a
+  generator wrapped around ``.read(...)``. (Issue #198)
+
+* IPv6 url parsing enforces brackets around the hostname. (Issue #199)
+
+* Fixed thread race condition in
+  ``urllib3.poolmanager.PoolManager.connection_from_host(...)`` (Issue #204)
+
+* ``ProxyManager`` requests now include non-default port in ``Host: ...``
+  header. (Issue #217)
+
+* Added HTTPS proxy support in ``ProxyManager``. (Issue #170 #139)
+
+* New ``RequestField`` object can be passed to the ``fields=...`` param which
+  can specify headers. (Issue #220)
+
+* Raise ``urllib3.exceptions.ProxyError`` when connecting to proxy fails.
+  (Issue #221)
+
+* Use international headers when posting file names. (Issue #119)
+
+* Improved IPv6 support. (Issue #203)
+
+
+1.6 (2013-04-25)
+----------------
+
+* Contrib: Optional SNI support for Py2 using PyOpenSSL. (Issue #156)
+
+* ``ProxyManager`` automatically adds ``Host: ...`` header if not given.
+
+* Improved SSL-related code. ``cert_req`` now optionally takes a string like
+  "REQUIRED" or "NONE". Same with ``ssl_version`` takes strings like "SSLv23"
+  The string values reflect the suffix of the respective constant variable.
+  (Issue #130)
+
+* Vendored ``socksipy`` now based on Anorov's fork which handles unexpectedly
+  closed proxy connections and larger read buffers. (Issue #135)
+
+* Ensure the connection is closed if no data is received, fixes connection leak
+  on some platforms. (Issue #133)
+
+* Added SNI support for SSL/TLS connections on Py32+. (Issue #89)
+
+* Tests fixed to be compatible with Py26 again. (Issue #125)
+
+* Added ability to choose SSL version by passing an ``ssl.PROTOCOL_*`` constant
+  to the ``ssl_version`` parameter of ``HTTPSConnectionPool``. (Issue #109)
+
+* Allow an explicit content type to be specified when encoding file fields.
+  (Issue #126)
+
+* Exceptions are now pickleable, with tests. (Issue #101)
+
+* Fixed default headers not getting passed in some cases. (Issue #99)
+
+* Treat "content-encoding" header value as case-insensitive, per RFC 2616
+  Section 3.5. (Issue #110)
+
+* "Connection Refused" SocketErrors will get retried rather than raised.
+  (Issue #92)
+
+* Updated vendored ``six``, no longer overrides the global ``six`` module
+  namespace. (Issue #113)
+
+* ``urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError`` contains a ``reason`` property holding
+  the exception that prompted the final retry. If ``reason is None`` then it
+  was due to a redirect. (Issue #92, #114)
+
+* Fixed ``PoolManager.urlopen()`` from not redirecting more than once.
+  (Issue #149)
+
+* Don't assume ``Content-Type: text/plain`` for multi-part encoding parameters
+  that are not files. (Issue #111)
+
+* Pass `strict` param down to ``httplib.HTTPConnection``. (Issue #122)
+
+* Added mechanism to verify SSL certificates by fingerprint (md5, sha1) or
+  against an arbitrary hostname (when connecting by IP or for misconfigured
+  servers). (Issue #140)
+
+* Streaming decompression support. (Issue #159)
+
+
+1.5 (2012-08-02)
+----------------
+
+* Added ``urllib3.add_stderr_logger()`` for quickly enabling STDERR debug
+  logging in urllib3.
+
+* Native full URL parsing (including auth, path, query, fragment) available in
+  ``urllib3.util.parse_url(url)``.
+
+* Built-in redirect will switch method to 'GET' if status code is 303.
+  (Issue #11)
+
+* ``urllib3.PoolManager`` strips the scheme and host before sending the request
+  uri. (Issue #8)
+
+* New ``urllib3.exceptions.DecodeError`` exception for when automatic decoding,
+  based on the Content-Type header, fails.
+
+* Fixed bug with pool depletion and leaking connections (Issue #76). Added
+  explicit connection closing on pool eviction. Added
+  ``urllib3.PoolManager.clear()``.
+
+* 99% -> 100% unit test coverage.
+
+
+1.4 (2012-06-16)
+----------------
+
+* Minor AppEngine-related fixes.
+
+* Switched from ``mimetools.choose_boundary`` to ``uuid.uuid4()``.
+
+* Improved url parsing. (Issue #73)
+
+* IPv6 url support. (Issue #72)
+
+
+1.3 (2012-03-25)
+----------------
+
+* Removed pre-1.0 deprecated API.
+
+* Refactored helpers into a ``urllib3.util`` submodule.
+
+* Fixed multipart encoding to support list-of-tuples for keys with multiple
+  values. (Issue #48)
+
+* Fixed multiple Set-Cookie headers in response not getting merged properly in
+  Python 3. (Issue #53)
+
+* AppEngine support with Py27. (Issue #61)
+
+* Minor ``encode_multipart_formdata`` fixes related to Python 3 strings vs
+  bytes.
+
+
+1.2.2 (2012-02-06)
+------------------
+
+* Fixed packaging bug of not shipping ``test-requirements.txt``. (Issue #47)
+
+
+1.2.1 (2012-02-05)
+------------------
+
+* Fixed another bug related to when ``ssl`` module is not available. (Issue #41)
+
+* Location parsing errors now raise ``urllib3.exceptions.LocationParseError``
+  which inherits from ``ValueError``.
+
+
+1.2 (2012-01-29)
+----------------
+
+* Added Python 3 support (tested on 3.2.2)
+
+* Dropped Python 2.5 support (tested on 2.6.7, 2.7.2)
+
+* Use ``select.poll`` instead of ``select.select`` for platforms that support
+  it.
+
+* Use ``Queue.LifoQueue`` instead of ``Queue.Queue`` for more aggressive
+  connection reusing. Configurable by overriding ``ConnectionPool.QueueCls``.
+
+* Fixed ``ImportError`` during install when ``ssl`` module is not available.
+  (Issue #41)
+
+* Fixed ``PoolManager`` redirects between schemes (such as HTTP -> HTTPS) not
+  completing properly. (Issue #28, uncovered by Issue #10 in v1.1)
+
+* Ported ``dummyserver`` to use ``tornado`` instead of ``webob`` +
+  ``eventlet``. Removed extraneous unsupported dummyserver testing backends.
+  Added socket-level tests.
+
+* More tests. Achievement Unlocked: 99% Coverage.
+
+
+1.1 (2012-01-07)
+----------------
+
+* Refactored ``dummyserver`` to its own root namespace module (used for
+  testing).
+
+* Added hostname verification for ``VerifiedHTTPSConnection`` by vendoring in
+  Py32's ``ssl_match_hostname``. (Issue #25)
+
+* Fixed cross-host HTTP redirects when using ``PoolManager``. (Issue #10)
+
+* Fixed ``decode_content`` being ignored when set through ``urlopen``. (Issue
+  #27)
+
+* Fixed timeout-related bugs. (Issues #17, #23)
+
+
+1.0.2 (2011-11-04)
+------------------
+
+* Fixed typo in ``VerifiedHTTPSConnection`` which would only present as a bug if
+  you're using the object manually. (Thanks pyos)
+
+* Made RecentlyUsedContainer (and consequently PoolManager) more thread-safe by
+  wrapping the access log in a mutex. (Thanks @christer)
+
+* Made RecentlyUsedContainer more dict-like (corrected ``__delitem__`` and
+  ``__getitem__`` behaviour), with tests. Shouldn't affect core urllib3 code.
+
+
+1.0.1 (2011-10-10)
+------------------
+
+* Fixed a bug where the same connection would get returned into the pool twice,
+  causing extraneous "HttpConnectionPool is full" log warnings.
+
+
+1.0 (2011-10-08)
+----------------
+
+* Added ``PoolManager`` with LRU expiration of connections (tested and
+  documented).
+* Added ``ProxyManager`` (needs tests, docs, and confirmation that it works
+  with HTTPS proxies).
+* Added optional partial-read support for responses when
+  ``preload_content=False``. You can now make requests and just read the headers
+  without loading the content.
+* Made response decoding optional (default on, same as before).
+* Added optional explicit boundary string for ``encode_multipart_formdata``.
+* Convenience request methods are now inherited from ``RequestMethods``. Old
+  helpers like ``get_url`` and ``post_url`` should be abandoned in favour of
+  the new ``request(method, url, ...)``.
+* Refactored code to be even more decoupled, reusable, and extendable.
+* License header added to ``.py`` files.
+* Embiggened the documentation: Lots of Sphinx-friendly docstrings in the code
+  and docs in ``docs/`` and on https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/.
+* Embettered all the things!
+* Started writing this file.
+
+
+0.4.1 (2011-07-17)
+------------------
+
+* Minor bug fixes, code cleanup.
+
+
+0.4 (2011-03-01)
+----------------
+
+* Better unicode support.
+* Added ``VerifiedHTTPSConnection``.
+* Added ``NTLMConnectionPool`` in contrib.
+* Minor improvements.
+
+
+0.3.1 (2010-07-13)
+------------------
+
+* Added ``assert_host_name`` optional parameter. Now compatible with proxies.
+
+
+0.3 (2009-12-10)
+----------------
+
+* Added HTTPS support.
+* Minor bug fixes.
+* Refactored, broken backwards compatibility with 0.2.
+* API to be treated as stable from this version forward.
+
+
+0.2 (2008-11-17)
+----------------
+
+* Added unit tests.
+* Bug fixes.
+
+
+0.1 (2008-11-16)
+----------------
+
+* First release.
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..690c42e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
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+urllib3/__init__.py,sha256=j3yzHIbmW7CS-IKQJ9-PPQf_YKO8EOAey_rMW0UR7us,2763
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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b18a28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a42590b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.9.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+urllib3
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe86b59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+"""
+Python HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post support, user friendly, and more
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+# Set default logging handler to avoid "No handler found" warnings.
+import logging
+import warnings
+from logging import NullHandler
+
+from . import exceptions
+from ._version import __version__
+from .connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool, connection_from_url
+from .filepost import encode_multipart_formdata
+from .poolmanager import PoolManager, ProxyManager, proxy_from_url
+from .response import HTTPResponse
+from .util.request import make_headers
+from .util.retry import Retry
+from .util.timeout import Timeout
+from .util.url import get_host
+
+__author__ = "Andrey Petrov (andrey.petrov@shazow.net)"
+__license__ = "MIT"
+__version__ = __version__
+
+__all__ = (
+    "HTTPConnectionPool",
+    "HTTPSConnectionPool",
+    "PoolManager",
+    "ProxyManager",
+    "HTTPResponse",
+    "Retry",
+    "Timeout",
+    "add_stderr_logger",
+    "connection_from_url",
+    "disable_warnings",
+    "encode_multipart_formdata",
+    "get_host",
+    "make_headers",
+    "proxy_from_url",
+)
+
+logging.getLogger(__name__).addHandler(NullHandler())
+
+
+def add_stderr_logger(level=logging.DEBUG):
+    """
+    Helper for quickly adding a StreamHandler to the logger. Useful for
+    debugging.
+
+    Returns the handler after adding it.
+    """
+    # This method needs to be in this __init__.py to get the __name__ correct
+    # even if urllib3 is vendored within another package.
+    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+    handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+    handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s"))
+    logger.addHandler(handler)
+    logger.setLevel(level)
+    logger.debug("Added a stderr logging handler to logger: %s", __name__)
+    return handler
+
+
+# ... Clean up.
+del NullHandler
+
+
+# All warning filters *must* be appended unless you're really certain that they
+# shouldn't be: otherwise, it's very hard for users to use most Python
+# mechanisms to silence them.
+# SecurityWarning's always go off by default.
+warnings.simplefilter("always", exceptions.SecurityWarning, append=True)
+# SubjectAltNameWarning's should go off once per host
+warnings.simplefilter("default", exceptions.SubjectAltNameWarning, append=True)
+# InsecurePlatformWarning's don't vary between requests, so we keep it default.
+warnings.simplefilter("default", exceptions.InsecurePlatformWarning, append=True)
+# SNIMissingWarnings should go off only once.
+warnings.simplefilter("default", exceptions.SNIMissingWarning, append=True)
+
+
+def disable_warnings(category=exceptions.HTTPWarning):
+    """
+    Helper for quickly disabling all urllib3 warnings.
+    """
+    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", category)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/_collections.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/_collections.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da9857e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/_collections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+try:
+    from collections.abc import Mapping, MutableMapping
+except ImportError:
+    from collections import Mapping, MutableMapping
+try:
+    from threading import RLock
+except ImportError:  # Platform-specific: No threads available
+
+    class RLock:
+        def __enter__(self):
+            pass
+
+        def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+            pass
+
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from .exceptions import InvalidHeader
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six import iterkeys, itervalues
+
+__all__ = ["RecentlyUsedContainer", "HTTPHeaderDict"]
+
+
+_Null = object()
+
+
+class RecentlyUsedContainer(MutableMapping):
+    """
+    Provides a thread-safe dict-like container which maintains up to
+    ``maxsize`` keys while throwing away the least-recently-used keys beyond
+    ``maxsize``.
+
+    :param maxsize:
+        Maximum number of recent elements to retain.
+
+    :param dispose_func:
+        Every time an item is evicted from the container,
+        ``dispose_func(value)`` is called.  Callback which will get called
+    """
+
+    ContainerCls = OrderedDict
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize=10, dispose_func=None):
+        self._maxsize = maxsize
+        self.dispose_func = dispose_func
+
+        self._container = self.ContainerCls()
+        self.lock = RLock()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        # Re-insert the item, moving it to the end of the eviction line.
+        with self.lock:
+            item = self._container.pop(key)
+            self._container[key] = item
+            return item
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        evicted_value = _Null
+        with self.lock:
+            # Possibly evict the existing value of 'key'
+            evicted_value = self._container.get(key, _Null)
+            self._container[key] = value
+
+            # If we didn't evict an existing value, we might have to evict the
+            # least recently used item from the beginning of the container.
+            if len(self._container) > self._maxsize:
+                _key, evicted_value = self._container.popitem(last=False)
+
+        if self.dispose_func and evicted_value is not _Null:
+            self.dispose_func(evicted_value)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        with self.lock:
+            value = self._container.pop(key)
+
+        if self.dispose_func:
+            self.dispose_func(value)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        with self.lock:
+            return len(self._container)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Iteration over this class is unlikely to be threadsafe."
+        )
+
+    def clear(self):
+        with self.lock:
+            # Copy pointers to all values, then wipe the mapping
+            values = list(itervalues(self._container))
+            self._container.clear()
+
+        if self.dispose_func:
+            for value in values:
+                self.dispose_func(value)
+
+    def keys(self):
+        with self.lock:
+            return list(iterkeys(self._container))
+
+
+class HTTPHeaderDict(MutableMapping):
+    """
+    :param headers:
+        An iterable of field-value pairs. Must not contain multiple field names
+        when compared case-insensitively.
+
+    :param kwargs:
+        Additional field-value pairs to pass in to ``dict.update``.
+
+    A ``dict`` like container for storing HTTP Headers.
+
+    Field names are stored and compared case-insensitively in compliance with
+    RFC 7230. Iteration provides the first case-sensitive key seen for each
+    case-insensitive pair.
+
+    Using ``__setitem__`` syntax overwrites fields that compare equal
+    case-insensitively in order to maintain ``dict``'s api. For fields that
+    compare equal, instead create a new ``HTTPHeaderDict`` and use ``.add``
+    in a loop.
+
+    If multiple fields that are equal case-insensitively are passed to the
+    constructor or ``.update``, the behavior is undefined and some will be
+    lost.
+
+    >>> headers = HTTPHeaderDict()
+    >>> headers.add('Set-Cookie', 'foo=bar')
+    >>> headers.add('set-cookie', 'baz=quxx')
+    >>> headers['content-length'] = '7'
+    >>> headers['SET-cookie']
+    'foo=bar, baz=quxx'
+    >>> headers['Content-Length']
+    '7'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, headers=None, **kwargs):
+        super(HTTPHeaderDict, self).__init__()
+        self._container = OrderedDict()
+        if headers is not None:
+            if isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict):
+                self._copy_from(headers)
+            else:
+                self.extend(headers)
+        if kwargs:
+            self.extend(kwargs)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, val):
+        self._container[key.lower()] = [key, val]
+        return self._container[key.lower()]
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        val = self._container[key.lower()]
+        return ", ".join(val[1:])
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        del self._container[key.lower()]
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return key.lower() in self._container
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, Mapping) and not hasattr(other, "keys"):
+            return False
+        if not isinstance(other, type(self)):
+            other = type(self)(other)
+        return dict((k.lower(), v) for k, v in self.itermerged()) == dict(
+            (k.lower(), v) for k, v in other.itermerged()
+        )
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+    if six.PY2:  # Python 2
+        iterkeys = MutableMapping.iterkeys
+        itervalues = MutableMapping.itervalues
+
+    __marker = object()
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._container)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        # Only provide the originally cased names
+        for vals in self._container.values():
+            yield vals[0]
+
+    def pop(self, key, default=__marker):
+        """D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.
+        If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised.
+        """
+        # Using the MutableMapping function directly fails due to the private marker.
+        # Using ordinary dict.pop would expose the internal structures.
+        # So let's reinvent the wheel.
+        try:
+            value = self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            if default is self.__marker:
+                raise
+            return default
+        else:
+            del self[key]
+            return value
+
+    def discard(self, key):
+        try:
+            del self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+
+    def add(self, key, val):
+        """Adds a (name, value) pair, doesn't overwrite the value if it already
+        exists.
+
+        >>> headers = HTTPHeaderDict(foo='bar')
+        >>> headers.add('Foo', 'baz')
+        >>> headers['foo']
+        'bar, baz'
+        """
+        key_lower = key.lower()
+        new_vals = [key, val]
+        # Keep the common case aka no item present as fast as possible
+        vals = self._container.setdefault(key_lower, new_vals)
+        if new_vals is not vals:
+            vals.append(val)
+
+    def extend(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Generic import function for any type of header-like object.
+        Adapted version of MutableMapping.update in order to insert items
+        with self.add instead of self.__setitem__
+        """
+        if len(args) > 1:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "extend() takes at most 1 positional "
+                "arguments ({0} given)".format(len(args))
+            )
+        other = args[0] if len(args) >= 1 else ()
+
+        if isinstance(other, HTTPHeaderDict):
+            for key, val in other.iteritems():
+                self.add(key, val)
+        elif isinstance(other, Mapping):
+            for key in other:
+                self.add(key, other[key])
+        elif hasattr(other, "keys"):
+            for key in other.keys():
+                self.add(key, other[key])
+        else:
+            for key, value in other:
+                self.add(key, value)
+
+        for key, value in kwargs.items():
+            self.add(key, value)
+
+    def getlist(self, key, default=__marker):
+        """Returns a list of all the values for the named field. Returns an
+        empty list if the key doesn't exist."""
+        try:
+            vals = self._container[key.lower()]
+        except KeyError:
+            if default is self.__marker:
+                return []
+            return default
+        else:
+            return vals[1:]
+
+    # Backwards compatibility for httplib
+    getheaders = getlist
+    getallmatchingheaders = getlist
+    iget = getlist
+
+    # Backwards compatibility for http.cookiejar
+    get_all = getlist
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s(%s)" % (type(self).__name__, dict(self.itermerged()))
+
+    def _copy_from(self, other):
+        for key in other:
+            val = other.getlist(key)
+            if isinstance(val, list):
+                # Don't need to convert tuples
+                val = list(val)
+            self._container[key.lower()] = [key] + val
+
+    def copy(self):
+        clone = type(self)()
+        clone._copy_from(self)
+        return clone
+
+    def iteritems(self):
+        """Iterate over all header lines, including duplicate ones."""
+        for key in self:
+            vals = self._container[key.lower()]
+            for val in vals[1:]:
+                yield vals[0], val
+
+    def itermerged(self):
+        """Iterate over all headers, merging duplicate ones together."""
+        for key in self:
+            val = self._container[key.lower()]
+            yield val[0], ", ".join(val[1:])
+
+    def items(self):
+        return list(self.iteritems())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_httplib(cls, message):  # Python 2
+        """Read headers from a Python 2 httplib message object."""
+        # python2.7 does not expose a proper API for exporting multiheaders
+        # efficiently. This function re-reads raw lines from the message
+        # object and extracts the multiheaders properly.
+        obs_fold_continued_leaders = (" ", "\t")
+        headers = []
+
+        for line in message.headers:
+            if line.startswith(obs_fold_continued_leaders):
+                if not headers:
+                    # We received a header line that starts with OWS as described
+                    # in RFC-7230 S3.2.4. This indicates a multiline header, but
+                    # there exists no previous header to which we can attach it.
+                    raise InvalidHeader(
+                        "Header continuation with no previous header: %s" % line
+                    )
+                else:
+                    key, value = headers[-1]
+                    headers[-1] = (key, value + " " + line.strip())
+                    continue
+
+            key, value = line.split(":", 1)
+            headers.append((key, value.strip()))
+
+        return cls(headers)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/_version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d905b69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# This file is protected via CODEOWNERS
+__version__ = "1.26.9"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7bf395b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import datetime
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import socket
+import warnings
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six.moves.http_client import HTTPConnection as _HTTPConnection
+from .packages.six.moves.http_client import HTTPException  # noqa: F401
+from .util.proxy import create_proxy_ssl_context
+
+try:  # Compiled with SSL?
+    import ssl
+
+    BaseSSLError = ssl.SSLError
+except (ImportError, AttributeError):  # Platform-specific: No SSL.
+    ssl = None
+
+    class BaseSSLError(BaseException):
+        pass
+
+
+try:
+    # Python 3: not a no-op, we're adding this to the namespace so it can be imported.
+    ConnectionError = ConnectionError
+except NameError:
+    # Python 2
+    class ConnectionError(Exception):
+        pass
+
+
+try:  # Python 3:
+    # Not a no-op, we're adding this to the namespace so it can be imported.
+    BrokenPipeError = BrokenPipeError
+except NameError:  # Python 2:
+
+    class BrokenPipeError(Exception):
+        pass
+
+
+from ._collections import HTTPHeaderDict  # noqa (historical, removed in v2)
+from ._version import __version__
+from .exceptions import (
+    ConnectTimeoutError,
+    NewConnectionError,
+    SubjectAltNameWarning,
+    SystemTimeWarning,
+)
+from .util import SKIP_HEADER, SKIPPABLE_HEADERS, connection
+from .util.ssl_ import (
+    assert_fingerprint,
+    create_urllib3_context,
+    is_ipaddress,
+    resolve_cert_reqs,
+    resolve_ssl_version,
+    ssl_wrap_socket,
+)
+from .util.ssl_match_hostname import CertificateError, match_hostname
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+port_by_scheme = {"http": 80, "https": 443}
+
+# When it comes time to update this value as a part of regular maintenance
+# (ie test_recent_date is failing) update it to ~6 months before the current date.
+RECENT_DATE = datetime.date(2020, 7, 1)
+
+_CONTAINS_CONTROL_CHAR_RE = re.compile(r"[^-!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9a-zA-Z]")
+
+
+class HTTPConnection(_HTTPConnection, object):
+    """
+    Based on :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection` but provides an extra constructor
+    backwards-compatibility layer between older and newer Pythons.
+
+    Additional keyword parameters are used to configure attributes of the connection.
+    Accepted parameters include:
+
+    - ``strict``: See the documentation on :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.HTTPConnectionPool`
+    - ``source_address``: Set the source address for the current connection.
+    - ``socket_options``: Set specific options on the underlying socket. If not specified, then
+      defaults are loaded from ``HTTPConnection.default_socket_options`` which includes disabling
+      Nagle's algorithm (sets TCP_NODELAY to 1) unless the connection is behind a proxy.
+
+      For example, if you wish to enable TCP Keep Alive in addition to the defaults,
+      you might pass:
+
+      .. code-block:: python
+
+         HTTPConnection.default_socket_options + [
+             (socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1),
+         ]
+
+      Or you may want to disable the defaults by passing an empty list (e.g., ``[]``).
+    """
+
+    default_port = port_by_scheme["http"]
+
+    #: Disable Nagle's algorithm by default.
+    #: ``[(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)]``
+    default_socket_options = [(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)]
+
+    #: Whether this connection verifies the host's certificate.
+    is_verified = False
+
+    #: Whether this proxy connection (if used) verifies the proxy host's
+    #: certificate.
+    proxy_is_verified = None
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        if not six.PY2:
+            kw.pop("strict", None)
+
+        # Pre-set source_address.
+        self.source_address = kw.get("source_address")
+
+        #: The socket options provided by the user. If no options are
+        #: provided, we use the default options.
+        self.socket_options = kw.pop("socket_options", self.default_socket_options)
+
+        # Proxy options provided by the user.
+        self.proxy = kw.pop("proxy", None)
+        self.proxy_config = kw.pop("proxy_config", None)
+
+        _HTTPConnection.__init__(self, *args, **kw)
+
+    @property
+    def host(self):
+        """
+        Getter method to remove any trailing dots that indicate the hostname is an FQDN.
+
+        In general, SSL certificates don't include the trailing dot indicating a
+        fully-qualified domain name, and thus, they don't validate properly when
+        checked against a domain name that includes the dot. In addition, some
+        servers may not expect to receive the trailing dot when provided.
+
+        However, the hostname with trailing dot is critical to DNS resolution; doing a
+        lookup with the trailing dot will properly only resolve the appropriate FQDN,
+        whereas a lookup without a trailing dot will search the system's search domain
+        list. Thus, it's important to keep the original host around for use only in
+        those cases where it's appropriate (i.e., when doing DNS lookup to establish the
+        actual TCP connection across which we're going to send HTTP requests).
+        """
+        return self._dns_host.rstrip(".")
+
+    @host.setter
+    def host(self, value):
+        """
+        Setter for the `host` property.
+
+        We assume that only urllib3 uses the _dns_host attribute; httplib itself
+        only uses `host`, and it seems reasonable that other libraries follow suit.
+        """
+        self._dns_host = value
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        """Establish a socket connection and set nodelay settings on it.
+
+        :return: New socket connection.
+        """
+        extra_kw = {}
+        if self.source_address:
+            extra_kw["source_address"] = self.source_address
+
+        if self.socket_options:
+            extra_kw["socket_options"] = self.socket_options
+
+        try:
+            conn = connection.create_connection(
+                (self._dns_host, self.port), self.timeout, **extra_kw
+            )
+
+        except SocketTimeout:
+            raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                self,
+                "Connection to %s timed out. (connect timeout=%s)"
+                % (self.host, self.timeout),
+            )
+
+        except SocketError as e:
+            raise NewConnectionError(
+                self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e
+            )
+
+        return conn
+
+    def _is_using_tunnel(self):
+        # Google App Engine's httplib does not define _tunnel_host
+        return getattr(self, "_tunnel_host", None)
+
+    def _prepare_conn(self, conn):
+        self.sock = conn
+        if self._is_using_tunnel():
+            # TODO: Fix tunnel so it doesn't depend on self.sock state.
+            self._tunnel()
+            # Mark this connection as not reusable
+            self.auto_open = 0
+
+    def connect(self):
+        conn = self._new_conn()
+        self._prepare_conn(conn)
+
+    def putrequest(self, method, url, *args, **kwargs):
+        """ """
+        # Empty docstring because the indentation of CPython's implementation
+        # is broken but we don't want this method in our documentation.
+        match = _CONTAINS_CONTROL_CHAR_RE.search(method)
+        if match:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Method cannot contain non-token characters %r (found at least %r)"
+                % (method, match.group())
+            )
+
+        return _HTTPConnection.putrequest(self, method, url, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def putheader(self, header, *values):
+        """ """
+        if not any(isinstance(v, str) and v == SKIP_HEADER for v in values):
+            _HTTPConnection.putheader(self, header, *values)
+        elif six.ensure_str(header.lower()) not in SKIPPABLE_HEADERS:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "urllib3.util.SKIP_HEADER only supports '%s'"
+                % ("', '".join(map(str.title, sorted(SKIPPABLE_HEADERS))),)
+            )
+
+    def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers=None):
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = {}
+        else:
+            # Avoid modifying the headers passed into .request()
+            headers = headers.copy()
+        if "user-agent" not in (six.ensure_str(k.lower()) for k in headers):
+            headers["User-Agent"] = _get_default_user_agent()
+        super(HTTPConnection, self).request(method, url, body=body, headers=headers)
+
+    def request_chunked(self, method, url, body=None, headers=None):
+        """
+        Alternative to the common request method, which sends the
+        body with chunked encoding and not as one block
+        """
+        headers = headers or {}
+        header_keys = set([six.ensure_str(k.lower()) for k in headers])
+        skip_accept_encoding = "accept-encoding" in header_keys
+        skip_host = "host" in header_keys
+        self.putrequest(
+            method, url, skip_accept_encoding=skip_accept_encoding, skip_host=skip_host
+        )
+        if "user-agent" not in header_keys:
+            self.putheader("User-Agent", _get_default_user_agent())
+        for header, value in headers.items():
+            self.putheader(header, value)
+        if "transfer-encoding" not in header_keys:
+            self.putheader("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")
+        self.endheaders()
+
+        if body is not None:
+            stringish_types = six.string_types + (bytes,)
+            if isinstance(body, stringish_types):
+                body = (body,)
+            for chunk in body:
+                if not chunk:
+                    continue
+                if not isinstance(chunk, bytes):
+                    chunk = chunk.encode("utf8")
+                len_str = hex(len(chunk))[2:]
+                to_send = bytearray(len_str.encode())
+                to_send += b"\r\n"
+                to_send += chunk
+                to_send += b"\r\n"
+                self.send(to_send)
+
+        # After the if clause, to always have a closed body
+        self.send(b"0\r\n\r\n")
+
+
+class HTTPSConnection(HTTPConnection):
+    """
+    Many of the parameters to this constructor are passed to the underlying SSL
+    socket by means of :py:func:`urllib3.util.ssl_wrap_socket`.
+    """
+
+    default_port = port_by_scheme["https"]
+
+    cert_reqs = None
+    ca_certs = None
+    ca_cert_dir = None
+    ca_cert_data = None
+    ssl_version = None
+    assert_fingerprint = None
+    tls_in_tls_required = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host,
+        port=None,
+        key_file=None,
+        cert_file=None,
+        key_password=None,
+        strict=None,
+        timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        ssl_context=None,
+        server_hostname=None,
+        **kw
+    ):
+
+        HTTPConnection.__init__(self, host, port, strict=strict, timeout=timeout, **kw)
+
+        self.key_file = key_file
+        self.cert_file = cert_file
+        self.key_password = key_password
+        self.ssl_context = ssl_context
+        self.server_hostname = server_hostname
+
+        # Required property for Google AppEngine 1.9.0 which otherwise causes
+        # HTTPS requests to go out as HTTP. (See Issue #356)
+        self._protocol = "https"
+
+    def set_cert(
+        self,
+        key_file=None,
+        cert_file=None,
+        cert_reqs=None,
+        key_password=None,
+        ca_certs=None,
+        assert_hostname=None,
+        assert_fingerprint=None,
+        ca_cert_dir=None,
+        ca_cert_data=None,
+    ):
+        """
+        This method should only be called once, before the connection is used.
+        """
+        # If cert_reqs is not provided we'll assume CERT_REQUIRED unless we also
+        # have an SSLContext object in which case we'll use its verify_mode.
+        if cert_reqs is None:
+            if self.ssl_context is not None:
+                cert_reqs = self.ssl_context.verify_mode
+            else:
+                cert_reqs = resolve_cert_reqs(None)
+
+        self.key_file = key_file
+        self.cert_file = cert_file
+        self.cert_reqs = cert_reqs
+        self.key_password = key_password
+        self.assert_hostname = assert_hostname
+        self.assert_fingerprint = assert_fingerprint
+        self.ca_certs = ca_certs and os.path.expanduser(ca_certs)
+        self.ca_cert_dir = ca_cert_dir and os.path.expanduser(ca_cert_dir)
+        self.ca_cert_data = ca_cert_data
+
+    def connect(self):
+        # Add certificate verification
+        self.sock = conn = self._new_conn()
+        hostname = self.host
+        tls_in_tls = False
+
+        if self._is_using_tunnel():
+            if self.tls_in_tls_required:
+                self.sock = conn = self._connect_tls_proxy(hostname, conn)
+                tls_in_tls = True
+
+            # Calls self._set_hostport(), so self.host is
+            # self._tunnel_host below.
+            self._tunnel()
+            # Mark this connection as not reusable
+            self.auto_open = 0
+
+            # Override the host with the one we're requesting data from.
+            hostname = self._tunnel_host
+
+        server_hostname = hostname
+        if self.server_hostname is not None:
+            server_hostname = self.server_hostname
+
+        is_time_off = datetime.date.today() < RECENT_DATE
+        if is_time_off:
+            warnings.warn(
+                (
+                    "System time is way off (before {0}). This will probably "
+                    "lead to SSL verification errors"
+                ).format(RECENT_DATE),
+                SystemTimeWarning,
+            )
+
+        # Wrap socket using verification with the root certs in
+        # trusted_root_certs
+        default_ssl_context = False
+        if self.ssl_context is None:
+            default_ssl_context = True
+            self.ssl_context = create_urllib3_context(
+                ssl_version=resolve_ssl_version(self.ssl_version),
+                cert_reqs=resolve_cert_reqs(self.cert_reqs),
+            )
+
+        context = self.ssl_context
+        context.verify_mode = resolve_cert_reqs(self.cert_reqs)
+
+        # Try to load OS default certs if none are given.
+        # Works well on Windows (requires Python3.4+)
+        if (
+            not self.ca_certs
+            and not self.ca_cert_dir
+            and not self.ca_cert_data
+            and default_ssl_context
+            and hasattr(context, "load_default_certs")
+        ):
+            context.load_default_certs()
+
+        self.sock = ssl_wrap_socket(
+            sock=conn,
+            keyfile=self.key_file,
+            certfile=self.cert_file,
+            key_password=self.key_password,
+            ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+            ca_cert_dir=self.ca_cert_dir,
+            ca_cert_data=self.ca_cert_data,
+            server_hostname=server_hostname,
+            ssl_context=context,
+            tls_in_tls=tls_in_tls,
+        )
+
+        # If we're using all defaults and the connection
+        # is TLSv1 or TLSv1.1 we throw a DeprecationWarning
+        # for the host.
+        if (
+            default_ssl_context
+            and self.ssl_version is None
+            and hasattr(self.sock, "version")
+            and self.sock.version() in {"TLSv1", "TLSv1.1"}
+        ):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Negotiating TLSv1/TLSv1.1 by default is deprecated "
+                "and will be disabled in urllib3 v2.0.0. Connecting to "
+                "'%s' with '%s' can be enabled by explicitly opting-in "
+                "with 'ssl_version'" % (self.host, self.sock.version()),
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+
+        if self.assert_fingerprint:
+            assert_fingerprint(
+                self.sock.getpeercert(binary_form=True), self.assert_fingerprint
+            )
+        elif (
+            context.verify_mode != ssl.CERT_NONE
+            and not getattr(context, "check_hostname", False)
+            and self.assert_hostname is not False
+        ):
+            # While urllib3 attempts to always turn off hostname matching from
+            # the TLS library, this cannot always be done. So we check whether
+            # the TLS Library still thinks it's matching hostnames.
+            cert = self.sock.getpeercert()
+            if not cert.get("subjectAltName", ()):
+                warnings.warn(
+                    (
+                        "Certificate for {0} has no `subjectAltName`, falling back to check for a "
+                        "`commonName` for now. This feature is being removed by major browsers and "
+                        "deprecated by RFC 2818. (See https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/497 "
+                        "for details.)".format(hostname)
+                    ),
+                    SubjectAltNameWarning,
+                )
+            _match_hostname(cert, self.assert_hostname or server_hostname)
+
+        self.is_verified = (
+            context.verify_mode == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+            or self.assert_fingerprint is not None
+        )
+
+    def _connect_tls_proxy(self, hostname, conn):
+        """
+        Establish a TLS connection to the proxy using the provided SSL context.
+        """
+        proxy_config = self.proxy_config
+        ssl_context = proxy_config.ssl_context
+        if ssl_context:
+            # If the user provided a proxy context, we assume CA and client
+            # certificates have already been set
+            return ssl_wrap_socket(
+                sock=conn,
+                server_hostname=hostname,
+                ssl_context=ssl_context,
+            )
+
+        ssl_context = create_proxy_ssl_context(
+            self.ssl_version,
+            self.cert_reqs,
+            self.ca_certs,
+            self.ca_cert_dir,
+            self.ca_cert_data,
+        )
+
+        # If no cert was provided, use only the default options for server
+        # certificate validation
+        socket = ssl_wrap_socket(
+            sock=conn,
+            ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+            ca_cert_dir=self.ca_cert_dir,
+            ca_cert_data=self.ca_cert_data,
+            server_hostname=hostname,
+            ssl_context=ssl_context,
+        )
+
+        if ssl_context.verify_mode != ssl.CERT_NONE and not getattr(
+            ssl_context, "check_hostname", False
+        ):
+            # While urllib3 attempts to always turn off hostname matching from
+            # the TLS library, this cannot always be done. So we check whether
+            # the TLS Library still thinks it's matching hostnames.
+            cert = socket.getpeercert()
+            if not cert.get("subjectAltName", ()):
+                warnings.warn(
+                    (
+                        "Certificate for {0} has no `subjectAltName`, falling back to check for a "
+                        "`commonName` for now. This feature is being removed by major browsers and "
+                        "deprecated by RFC 2818. (See https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/497 "
+                        "for details.)".format(hostname)
+                    ),
+                    SubjectAltNameWarning,
+                )
+            _match_hostname(cert, hostname)
+
+        self.proxy_is_verified = ssl_context.verify_mode == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+        return socket
+
+
+def _match_hostname(cert, asserted_hostname):
+    # Our upstream implementation of ssl.match_hostname()
+    # only applies this normalization to IP addresses so it doesn't
+    # match DNS SANs so we do the same thing!
+    stripped_hostname = asserted_hostname.strip("u[]")
+    if is_ipaddress(stripped_hostname):
+        asserted_hostname = stripped_hostname
+
+    try:
+        match_hostname(cert, asserted_hostname)
+    except CertificateError as e:
+        log.warning(
+            "Certificate did not match expected hostname: %s. Certificate: %s",
+            asserted_hostname,
+            cert,
+        )
+        # Add cert to exception and reraise so client code can inspect
+        # the cert when catching the exception, if they want to
+        e._peer_cert = cert
+        raise
+
+
+def _get_default_user_agent():
+    return "python-urllib3/%s" % __version__
+
+
+class DummyConnection(object):
+    """Used to detect a failed ConnectionCls import."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+if not ssl:
+    HTTPSConnection = DummyConnection  # noqa: F811
+
+
+VerifiedHTTPSConnection = HTTPSConnection
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15bffcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1108 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import errno
+import logging
+import re
+import socket
+import sys
+import warnings
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+from .connection import (
+    BaseSSLError,
+    BrokenPipeError,
+    DummyConnection,
+    HTTPConnection,
+    HTTPException,
+    HTTPSConnection,
+    VerifiedHTTPSConnection,
+    port_by_scheme,
+)
+from .exceptions import (
+    ClosedPoolError,
+    EmptyPoolError,
+    HeaderParsingError,
+    HostChangedError,
+    InsecureRequestWarning,
+    LocationValueError,
+    MaxRetryError,
+    NewConnectionError,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ProxyError,
+    ReadTimeoutError,
+    SSLError,
+    TimeoutError,
+)
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six.moves import queue
+from .request import RequestMethods
+from .response import HTTPResponse
+from .util.connection import is_connection_dropped
+from .util.proxy import connection_requires_http_tunnel
+from .util.queue import LifoQueue
+from .util.request import set_file_position
+from .util.response import assert_header_parsing
+from .util.retry import Retry
+from .util.ssl_match_hostname import CertificateError
+from .util.timeout import Timeout
+from .util.url import Url, _encode_target
+from .util.url import _normalize_host as normalize_host
+from .util.url import get_host, parse_url
+
+xrange = six.moves.xrange
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_Default = object()
+
+
+# Pool objects
+class ConnectionPool(object):
+    """
+    Base class for all connection pools, such as
+    :class:`.HTTPConnectionPool` and :class:`.HTTPSConnectionPool`.
+
+    .. note::
+       ConnectionPool.urlopen() does not normalize or percent-encode target URIs
+       which is useful if your target server doesn't support percent-encoded
+       target URIs.
+    """
+
+    scheme = None
+    QueueCls = LifoQueue
+
+    def __init__(self, host, port=None):
+        if not host:
+            raise LocationValueError("No host specified.")
+
+        self.host = _normalize_host(host, scheme=self.scheme)
+        self._proxy_host = host.lower()
+        self.port = port
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "%s(host=%r, port=%r)" % (type(self).__name__, self.host, self.port)
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        self.close()
+        # Return False to re-raise any potential exceptions
+        return False
+
+    def close(self):
+        """
+        Close all pooled connections and disable the pool.
+        """
+        pass
+
+
+# This is taken from http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/7aaba721ebc0/Lib/socket.py#l252
+_blocking_errnos = {errno.EAGAIN, errno.EWOULDBLOCK}
+
+
+class HTTPConnectionPool(ConnectionPool, RequestMethods):
+    """
+    Thread-safe connection pool for one host.
+
+    :param host:
+        Host used for this HTTP Connection (e.g. "localhost"), passed into
+        :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection`.
+
+    :param port:
+        Port used for this HTTP Connection (None is equivalent to 80), passed
+        into :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection`.
+
+    :param strict:
+        Causes BadStatusLine to be raised if the status line can't be parsed
+        as a valid HTTP/1.0 or 1.1 status line, passed into
+        :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection`.
+
+        .. note::
+           Only works in Python 2. This parameter is ignored in Python 3.
+
+    :param timeout:
+        Socket timeout in seconds for each individual connection. This can
+        be a float or integer, which sets the timeout for the HTTP request,
+        or an instance of :class:`urllib3.util.Timeout` which gives you more
+        fine-grained control over request timeouts. After the constructor has
+        been parsed, this is always a `urllib3.util.Timeout` object.
+
+    :param maxsize:
+        Number of connections to save that can be reused. More than 1 is useful
+        in multithreaded situations. If ``block`` is set to False, more
+        connections will be created but they will not be saved once they've
+        been used.
+
+    :param block:
+        If set to True, no more than ``maxsize`` connections will be used at
+        a time. When no free connections are available, the call will block
+        until a connection has been released. This is a useful side effect for
+        particular multithreaded situations where one does not want to use more
+        than maxsize connections per host to prevent flooding.
+
+    :param headers:
+        Headers to include with all requests, unless other headers are given
+        explicitly.
+
+    :param retries:
+        Retry configuration to use by default with requests in this pool.
+
+    :param _proxy:
+        Parsed proxy URL, should not be used directly, instead, see
+        :class:`urllib3.ProxyManager`
+
+    :param _proxy_headers:
+        A dictionary with proxy headers, should not be used directly,
+        instead, see :class:`urllib3.ProxyManager`
+
+    :param \\**conn_kw:
+        Additional parameters are used to create fresh :class:`urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection`,
+        :class:`urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection` instances.
+    """
+
+    scheme = "http"
+    ConnectionCls = HTTPConnection
+    ResponseCls = HTTPResponse
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host,
+        port=None,
+        strict=False,
+        timeout=Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        maxsize=1,
+        block=False,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        _proxy=None,
+        _proxy_headers=None,
+        _proxy_config=None,
+        **conn_kw
+    ):
+        ConnectionPool.__init__(self, host, port)
+        RequestMethods.__init__(self, headers)
+
+        self.strict = strict
+
+        if not isinstance(timeout, Timeout):
+            timeout = Timeout.from_float(timeout)
+
+        if retries is None:
+            retries = Retry.DEFAULT
+
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.retries = retries
+
+        self.pool = self.QueueCls(maxsize)
+        self.block = block
+
+        self.proxy = _proxy
+        self.proxy_headers = _proxy_headers or {}
+        self.proxy_config = _proxy_config
+
+        # Fill the queue up so that doing get() on it will block properly
+        for _ in xrange(maxsize):
+            self.pool.put(None)
+
+        # These are mostly for testing and debugging purposes.
+        self.num_connections = 0
+        self.num_requests = 0
+        self.conn_kw = conn_kw
+
+        if self.proxy:
+            # Enable Nagle's algorithm for proxies, to avoid packet fragmentation.
+            # We cannot know if the user has added default socket options, so we cannot replace the
+            # list.
+            self.conn_kw.setdefault("socket_options", [])
+
+            self.conn_kw["proxy"] = self.proxy
+            self.conn_kw["proxy_config"] = self.proxy_config
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        """
+        Return a fresh :class:`HTTPConnection`.
+        """
+        self.num_connections += 1
+        log.debug(
+            "Starting new HTTP connection (%d): %s:%s",
+            self.num_connections,
+            self.host,
+            self.port or "80",
+        )
+
+        conn = self.ConnectionCls(
+            host=self.host,
+            port=self.port,
+            timeout=self.timeout.connect_timeout,
+            strict=self.strict,
+            **self.conn_kw
+        )
+        return conn
+
+    def _get_conn(self, timeout=None):
+        """
+        Get a connection. Will return a pooled connection if one is available.
+
+        If no connections are available and :prop:`.block` is ``False``, then a
+        fresh connection is returned.
+
+        :param timeout:
+            Seconds to wait before giving up and raising
+            :class:`urllib3.exceptions.EmptyPoolError` if the pool is empty and
+            :prop:`.block` is ``True``.
+        """
+        conn = None
+        try:
+            conn = self.pool.get(block=self.block, timeout=timeout)
+
+        except AttributeError:  # self.pool is None
+            raise ClosedPoolError(self, "Pool is closed.")
+
+        except queue.Empty:
+            if self.block:
+                raise EmptyPoolError(
+                    self,
+                    "Pool reached maximum size and no more connections are allowed.",
+                )
+            pass  # Oh well, we'll create a new connection then
+
+        # If this is a persistent connection, check if it got disconnected
+        if conn and is_connection_dropped(conn):
+            log.debug("Resetting dropped connection: %s", self.host)
+            conn.close()
+            if getattr(conn, "auto_open", 1) == 0:
+                # This is a proxied connection that has been mutated by
+                # http.client._tunnel() and cannot be reused (since it would
+                # attempt to bypass the proxy)
+                conn = None
+
+        return conn or self._new_conn()
+
+    def _put_conn(self, conn):
+        """
+        Put a connection back into the pool.
+
+        :param conn:
+            Connection object for the current host and port as returned by
+            :meth:`._new_conn` or :meth:`._get_conn`.
+
+        If the pool is already full, the connection is closed and discarded
+        because we exceeded maxsize. If connections are discarded frequently,
+        then maxsize should be increased.
+
+        If the pool is closed, then the connection will be closed and discarded.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.pool.put(conn, block=False)
+            return  # Everything is dandy, done.
+        except AttributeError:
+            # self.pool is None.
+            pass
+        except queue.Full:
+            # This should never happen if self.block == True
+            log.warning(
+                "Connection pool is full, discarding connection: %s. Connection pool size: %s",
+                self.host,
+                self.pool.qsize(),
+            )
+        # Connection never got put back into the pool, close it.
+        if conn:
+            conn.close()
+
+    def _validate_conn(self, conn):
+        """
+        Called right before a request is made, after the socket is created.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def _prepare_proxy(self, conn):
+        # Nothing to do for HTTP connections.
+        pass
+
+    def _get_timeout(self, timeout):
+        """Helper that always returns a :class:`urllib3.util.Timeout`"""
+        if timeout is _Default:
+            return self.timeout.clone()
+
+        if isinstance(timeout, Timeout):
+            return timeout.clone()
+        else:
+            # User passed us an int/float. This is for backwards compatibility,
+            # can be removed later
+            return Timeout.from_float(timeout)
+
+    def _raise_timeout(self, err, url, timeout_value):
+        """Is the error actually a timeout? Will raise a ReadTimeout or pass"""
+
+        if isinstance(err, SocketTimeout):
+            raise ReadTimeoutError(
+                self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % timeout_value
+            )
+
+        # See the above comment about EAGAIN in Python 3. In Python 2 we have
+        # to specifically catch it and throw the timeout error
+        if hasattr(err, "errno") and err.errno in _blocking_errnos:
+            raise ReadTimeoutError(
+                self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % timeout_value
+            )
+
+        # Catch possible read timeouts thrown as SSL errors. If not the
+        # case, rethrow the original. We need to do this because of:
+        # http://bugs.python.org/issue10272
+        if "timed out" in str(err) or "did not complete (read)" in str(
+            err
+        ):  # Python < 2.7.4
+            raise ReadTimeoutError(
+                self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % timeout_value
+            )
+
+    def _make_request(
+        self, conn, method, url, timeout=_Default, chunked=False, **httplib_request_kw
+    ):
+        """
+        Perform a request on a given urllib connection object taken from our
+        pool.
+
+        :param conn:
+            a connection from one of our connection pools
+
+        :param timeout:
+            Socket timeout in seconds for the request. This can be a
+            float or integer, which will set the same timeout value for
+            the socket connect and the socket read, or an instance of
+            :class:`urllib3.util.Timeout`, which gives you more fine-grained
+            control over your timeouts.
+        """
+        self.num_requests += 1
+
+        timeout_obj = self._get_timeout(timeout)
+        timeout_obj.start_connect()
+        conn.timeout = timeout_obj.connect_timeout
+
+        # Trigger any extra validation we need to do.
+        try:
+            self._validate_conn(conn)
+        except (SocketTimeout, BaseSSLError) as e:
+            # Py2 raises this as a BaseSSLError, Py3 raises it as socket timeout.
+            self._raise_timeout(err=e, url=url, timeout_value=conn.timeout)
+            raise
+
+        # conn.request() calls http.client.*.request, not the method in
+        # urllib3.request. It also calls makefile (recv) on the socket.
+        try:
+            if chunked:
+                conn.request_chunked(method, url, **httplib_request_kw)
+            else:
+                conn.request(method, url, **httplib_request_kw)
+
+        # We are swallowing BrokenPipeError (errno.EPIPE) since the server is
+        # legitimately able to close the connection after sending a valid response.
+        # With this behaviour, the received response is still readable.
+        except BrokenPipeError:
+            # Python 3
+            pass
+        except IOError as e:
+            # Python 2 and macOS/Linux
+            # EPIPE and ESHUTDOWN are BrokenPipeError on Python 2, and EPROTOTYPE is needed on macOS
+            # https://erickt.github.io/blog/2014/11/19/adventures-in-debugging-a-potential-osx-kernel-bug/
+            if e.errno not in {
+                errno.EPIPE,
+                errno.ESHUTDOWN,
+                errno.EPROTOTYPE,
+            }:
+                raise
+
+        # Reset the timeout for the recv() on the socket
+        read_timeout = timeout_obj.read_timeout
+
+        # App Engine doesn't have a sock attr
+        if getattr(conn, "sock", None):
+            # In Python 3 socket.py will catch EAGAIN and return None when you
+            # try and read into the file pointer created by http.client, which
+            # instead raises a BadStatusLine exception. Instead of catching
+            # the exception and assuming all BadStatusLine exceptions are read
+            # timeouts, check for a zero timeout before making the request.
+            if read_timeout == 0:
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(
+                    self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % read_timeout
+                )
+            if read_timeout is Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+                conn.sock.settimeout(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
+            else:  # None or a value
+                conn.sock.settimeout(read_timeout)
+
+        # Receive the response from the server
+        try:
+            try:
+                # Python 2.7, use buffering of HTTP responses
+                httplib_response = conn.getresponse(buffering=True)
+            except TypeError:
+                # Python 3
+                try:
+                    httplib_response = conn.getresponse()
+                except BaseException as e:
+                    # Remove the TypeError from the exception chain in
+                    # Python 3 (including for exceptions like SystemExit).
+                    # Otherwise it looks like a bug in the code.
+                    six.raise_from(e, None)
+        except (SocketTimeout, BaseSSLError, SocketError) as e:
+            self._raise_timeout(err=e, url=url, timeout_value=read_timeout)
+            raise
+
+        # AppEngine doesn't have a version attr.
+        http_version = getattr(conn, "_http_vsn_str", "HTTP/?")
+        log.debug(
+            '%s://%s:%s "%s %s %s" %s %s',
+            self.scheme,
+            self.host,
+            self.port,
+            method,
+            url,
+            http_version,
+            httplib_response.status,
+            httplib_response.length,
+        )
+
+        try:
+            assert_header_parsing(httplib_response.msg)
+        except (HeaderParsingError, TypeError) as hpe:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+            log.warning(
+                "Failed to parse headers (url=%s): %s",
+                self._absolute_url(url),
+                hpe,
+                exc_info=True,
+            )
+
+        return httplib_response
+
+    def _absolute_url(self, path):
+        return Url(scheme=self.scheme, host=self.host, port=self.port, path=path).url
+
+    def close(self):
+        """
+        Close all pooled connections and disable the pool.
+        """
+        if self.pool is None:
+            return
+        # Disable access to the pool
+        old_pool, self.pool = self.pool, None
+
+        try:
+            while True:
+                conn = old_pool.get(block=False)
+                if conn:
+                    conn.close()
+
+        except queue.Empty:
+            pass  # Done.
+
+    def is_same_host(self, url):
+        """
+        Check if the given ``url`` is a member of the same host as this
+        connection pool.
+        """
+        if url.startswith("/"):
+            return True
+
+        # TODO: Add optional support for socket.gethostbyname checking.
+        scheme, host, port = get_host(url)
+        if host is not None:
+            host = _normalize_host(host, scheme=scheme)
+
+        # Use explicit default port for comparison when none is given
+        if self.port and not port:
+            port = port_by_scheme.get(scheme)
+        elif not self.port and port == port_by_scheme.get(scheme):
+            port = None
+
+        return (scheme, host, port) == (self.scheme, self.host, self.port)
+
+    def urlopen(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        body=None,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        redirect=True,
+        assert_same_host=True,
+        timeout=_Default,
+        pool_timeout=None,
+        release_conn=None,
+        chunked=False,
+        body_pos=None,
+        **response_kw
+    ):
+        """
+        Get a connection from the pool and perform an HTTP request. This is the
+        lowest level call for making a request, so you'll need to specify all
+        the raw details.
+
+        .. note::
+
+           More commonly, it's appropriate to use a convenience method provided
+           by :class:`.RequestMethods`, such as :meth:`request`.
+
+        .. note::
+
+           `release_conn` will only behave as expected if
+           `preload_content=False` because we want to make
+           `preload_content=False` the default behaviour someday soon without
+           breaking backwards compatibility.
+
+        :param method:
+            HTTP request method (such as GET, POST, PUT, etc.)
+
+        :param url:
+            The URL to perform the request on.
+
+        :param body:
+            Data to send in the request body, either :class:`str`, :class:`bytes`,
+            an iterable of :class:`str`/:class:`bytes`, or a file-like object.
+
+        :param headers:
+            Dictionary of custom headers to send, such as User-Agent,
+            If-None-Match, etc. If None, pool headers are used. If provided,
+            these headers completely replace any pool-specific headers.
+
+        :param retries:
+            Configure the number of retries to allow before raising a
+            :class:`~urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError` exception.
+
+            Pass ``None`` to retry until you receive a response. Pass a
+            :class:`~urllib3.util.retry.Retry` object for fine-grained control
+            over different types of retries.
+            Pass an integer number to retry connection errors that many times,
+            but no other types of errors. Pass zero to never retry.
+
+            If ``False``, then retries are disabled and any exception is raised
+            immediately. Also, instead of raising a MaxRetryError on redirects,
+            the redirect response will be returned.
+
+        :type retries: :class:`~urllib3.util.retry.Retry`, False, or an int.
+
+        :param redirect:
+            If True, automatically handle redirects (status codes 301, 302,
+            303, 307, 308). Each redirect counts as a retry. Disabling retries
+            will disable redirect, too.
+
+        :param assert_same_host:
+            If ``True``, will make sure that the host of the pool requests is
+            consistent else will raise HostChangedError. When ``False``, you can
+            use the pool on an HTTP proxy and request foreign hosts.
+
+        :param timeout:
+            If specified, overrides the default timeout for this one
+            request. It may be a float (in seconds) or an instance of
+            :class:`urllib3.util.Timeout`.
+
+        :param pool_timeout:
+            If set and the pool is set to block=True, then this method will
+            block for ``pool_timeout`` seconds and raise EmptyPoolError if no
+            connection is available within the time period.
+
+        :param release_conn:
+            If False, then the urlopen call will not release the connection
+            back into the pool once a response is received (but will release if
+            you read the entire contents of the response such as when
+            `preload_content=True`). This is useful if you're not preloading
+            the response's content immediately. You will need to call
+            ``r.release_conn()`` on the response ``r`` to return the connection
+            back into the pool. If None, it takes the value of
+            ``response_kw.get('preload_content', True)``.
+
+        :param chunked:
+            If True, urllib3 will send the body using chunked transfer
+            encoding. Otherwise, urllib3 will send the body using the standard
+            content-length form. Defaults to False.
+
+        :param int body_pos:
+            Position to seek to in file-like body in the event of a retry or
+            redirect. Typically this won't need to be set because urllib3 will
+            auto-populate the value when needed.
+
+        :param \\**response_kw:
+            Additional parameters are passed to
+            :meth:`urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.from_httplib`
+        """
+
+        parsed_url = parse_url(url)
+        destination_scheme = parsed_url.scheme
+
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = self.headers
+
+        if not isinstance(retries, Retry):
+            retries = Retry.from_int(retries, redirect=redirect, default=self.retries)
+
+        if release_conn is None:
+            release_conn = response_kw.get("preload_content", True)
+
+        # Check host
+        if assert_same_host and not self.is_same_host(url):
+            raise HostChangedError(self, url, retries)
+
+        # Ensure that the URL we're connecting to is properly encoded
+        if url.startswith("/"):
+            url = six.ensure_str(_encode_target(url))
+        else:
+            url = six.ensure_str(parsed_url.url)
+
+        conn = None
+
+        # Track whether `conn` needs to be released before
+        # returning/raising/recursing. Update this variable if necessary, and
+        # leave `release_conn` constant throughout the function. That way, if
+        # the function recurses, the original value of `release_conn` will be
+        # passed down into the recursive call, and its value will be respected.
+        #
+        # See issue #651 [1] for details.
+        #
+        # [1] <https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/651>
+        release_this_conn = release_conn
+
+        http_tunnel_required = connection_requires_http_tunnel(
+            self.proxy, self.proxy_config, destination_scheme
+        )
+
+        # Merge the proxy headers. Only done when not using HTTP CONNECT. We
+        # have to copy the headers dict so we can safely change it without those
+        # changes being reflected in anyone else's copy.
+        if not http_tunnel_required:
+            headers = headers.copy()
+            headers.update(self.proxy_headers)
+
+        # Must keep the exception bound to a separate variable or else Python 3
+        # complains about UnboundLocalError.
+        err = None
+
+        # Keep track of whether we cleanly exited the except block. This
+        # ensures we do proper cleanup in finally.
+        clean_exit = False
+
+        # Rewind body position, if needed. Record current position
+        # for future rewinds in the event of a redirect/retry.
+        body_pos = set_file_position(body, body_pos)
+
+        try:
+            # Request a connection from the queue.
+            timeout_obj = self._get_timeout(timeout)
+            conn = self._get_conn(timeout=pool_timeout)
+
+            conn.timeout = timeout_obj.connect_timeout
+
+            is_new_proxy_conn = self.proxy is not None and not getattr(
+                conn, "sock", None
+            )
+            if is_new_proxy_conn and http_tunnel_required:
+                self._prepare_proxy(conn)
+
+            # Make the request on the httplib connection object.
+            httplib_response = self._make_request(
+                conn,
+                method,
+                url,
+                timeout=timeout_obj,
+                body=body,
+                headers=headers,
+                chunked=chunked,
+            )
+
+            # If we're going to release the connection in ``finally:``, then
+            # the response doesn't need to know about the connection. Otherwise
+            # it will also try to release it and we'll have a double-release
+            # mess.
+            response_conn = conn if not release_conn else None
+
+            # Pass method to Response for length checking
+            response_kw["request_method"] = method
+
+            # Import httplib's response into our own wrapper object
+            response = self.ResponseCls.from_httplib(
+                httplib_response,
+                pool=self,
+                connection=response_conn,
+                retries=retries,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+            # Everything went great!
+            clean_exit = True
+
+        except EmptyPoolError:
+            # Didn't get a connection from the pool, no need to clean up
+            clean_exit = True
+            release_this_conn = False
+            raise
+
+        except (
+            TimeoutError,
+            HTTPException,
+            SocketError,
+            ProtocolError,
+            BaseSSLError,
+            SSLError,
+            CertificateError,
+        ) as e:
+            # Discard the connection for these exceptions. It will be
+            # replaced during the next _get_conn() call.
+            clean_exit = False
+
+            def _is_ssl_error_message_from_http_proxy(ssl_error):
+                # We're trying to detect the message 'WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER' but
+                # SSLErrors are kinda all over the place when it comes to the message,
+                # so we try to cover our bases here!
+                message = " ".join(re.split("[^a-z]", str(ssl_error).lower()))
+                return (
+                    "wrong version number" in message or "unknown protocol" in message
+                )
+
+            # Try to detect a common user error with proxies which is to
+            # set an HTTP proxy to be HTTPS when it should be 'http://'
+            # (ie {'http': 'http://proxy', 'https': 'https://proxy'})
+            # Instead we add a nice error message and point to a URL.
+            if (
+                isinstance(e, BaseSSLError)
+                and self.proxy
+                and _is_ssl_error_message_from_http_proxy(e)
+            ):
+                e = ProxyError(
+                    "Your proxy appears to only use HTTP and not HTTPS, "
+                    "try changing your proxy URL to be HTTP. See: "
+                    "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+                    "#https-proxy-error-http-proxy",
+                    SSLError(e),
+                )
+            elif isinstance(e, (BaseSSLError, CertificateError)):
+                e = SSLError(e)
+            elif isinstance(e, (SocketError, NewConnectionError)) and self.proxy:
+                e = ProxyError("Cannot connect to proxy.", e)
+            elif isinstance(e, (SocketError, HTTPException)):
+                e = ProtocolError("Connection aborted.", e)
+
+            retries = retries.increment(
+                method, url, error=e, _pool=self, _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2]
+            )
+            retries.sleep()
+
+            # Keep track of the error for the retry warning.
+            err = e
+
+        finally:
+            if not clean_exit:
+                # We hit some kind of exception, handled or otherwise. We need
+                # to throw the connection away unless explicitly told not to.
+                # Close the connection, set the variable to None, and make sure
+                # we put the None back in the pool to avoid leaking it.
+                conn = conn and conn.close()
+                release_this_conn = True
+
+            if release_this_conn:
+                # Put the connection back to be reused. If the connection is
+                # expired then it will be None, which will get replaced with a
+                # fresh connection during _get_conn.
+                self._put_conn(conn)
+
+        if not conn:
+            # Try again
+            log.warning(
+                "Retrying (%r) after connection broken by '%r': %s", retries, err, url
+            )
+            return self.urlopen(
+                method,
+                url,
+                body,
+                headers,
+                retries,
+                redirect,
+                assert_same_host,
+                timeout=timeout,
+                pool_timeout=pool_timeout,
+                release_conn=release_conn,
+                chunked=chunked,
+                body_pos=body_pos,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+        # Handle redirect?
+        redirect_location = redirect and response.get_redirect_location()
+        if redirect_location:
+            if response.status == 303:
+                method = "GET"
+
+            try:
+                retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=response, _pool=self)
+            except MaxRetryError:
+                if retries.raise_on_redirect:
+                    response.drain_conn()
+                    raise
+                return response
+
+            response.drain_conn()
+            retries.sleep_for_retry(response)
+            log.debug("Redirecting %s -> %s", url, redirect_location)
+            return self.urlopen(
+                method,
+                redirect_location,
+                body,
+                headers,
+                retries=retries,
+                redirect=redirect,
+                assert_same_host=assert_same_host,
+                timeout=timeout,
+                pool_timeout=pool_timeout,
+                release_conn=release_conn,
+                chunked=chunked,
+                body_pos=body_pos,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+        # Check if we should retry the HTTP response.
+        has_retry_after = bool(response.getheader("Retry-After"))
+        if retries.is_retry(method, response.status, has_retry_after):
+            try:
+                retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=response, _pool=self)
+            except MaxRetryError:
+                if retries.raise_on_status:
+                    response.drain_conn()
+                    raise
+                return response
+
+            response.drain_conn()
+            retries.sleep(response)
+            log.debug("Retry: %s", url)
+            return self.urlopen(
+                method,
+                url,
+                body,
+                headers,
+                retries=retries,
+                redirect=redirect,
+                assert_same_host=assert_same_host,
+                timeout=timeout,
+                pool_timeout=pool_timeout,
+                release_conn=release_conn,
+                chunked=chunked,
+                body_pos=body_pos,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+        return response
+
+
+class HTTPSConnectionPool(HTTPConnectionPool):
+    """
+    Same as :class:`.HTTPConnectionPool`, but HTTPS.
+
+    :class:`.HTTPSConnection` uses one of ``assert_fingerprint``,
+    ``assert_hostname`` and ``host`` in this order to verify connections.
+    If ``assert_hostname`` is False, no verification is done.
+
+    The ``key_file``, ``cert_file``, ``cert_reqs``, ``ca_certs``,
+    ``ca_cert_dir``, ``ssl_version``, ``key_password`` are only used if :mod:`ssl`
+    is available and are fed into :meth:`urllib3.util.ssl_wrap_socket` to upgrade
+    the connection socket into an SSL socket.
+    """
+
+    scheme = "https"
+    ConnectionCls = HTTPSConnection
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host,
+        port=None,
+        strict=False,
+        timeout=Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        maxsize=1,
+        block=False,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        _proxy=None,
+        _proxy_headers=None,
+        key_file=None,
+        cert_file=None,
+        cert_reqs=None,
+        key_password=None,
+        ca_certs=None,
+        ssl_version=None,
+        assert_hostname=None,
+        assert_fingerprint=None,
+        ca_cert_dir=None,
+        **conn_kw
+    ):
+
+        HTTPConnectionPool.__init__(
+            self,
+            host,
+            port,
+            strict,
+            timeout,
+            maxsize,
+            block,
+            headers,
+            retries,
+            _proxy,
+            _proxy_headers,
+            **conn_kw
+        )
+
+        self.key_file = key_file
+        self.cert_file = cert_file
+        self.cert_reqs = cert_reqs
+        self.key_password = key_password
+        self.ca_certs = ca_certs
+        self.ca_cert_dir = ca_cert_dir
+        self.ssl_version = ssl_version
+        self.assert_hostname = assert_hostname
+        self.assert_fingerprint = assert_fingerprint
+
+    def _prepare_conn(self, conn):
+        """
+        Prepare the ``connection`` for :meth:`urllib3.util.ssl_wrap_socket`
+        and establish the tunnel if proxy is used.
+        """
+
+        if isinstance(conn, VerifiedHTTPSConnection):
+            conn.set_cert(
+                key_file=self.key_file,
+                key_password=self.key_password,
+                cert_file=self.cert_file,
+                cert_reqs=self.cert_reqs,
+                ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+                ca_cert_dir=self.ca_cert_dir,
+                assert_hostname=self.assert_hostname,
+                assert_fingerprint=self.assert_fingerprint,
+            )
+            conn.ssl_version = self.ssl_version
+        return conn
+
+    def _prepare_proxy(self, conn):
+        """
+        Establishes a tunnel connection through HTTP CONNECT.
+
+        Tunnel connection is established early because otherwise httplib would
+        improperly set Host: header to proxy's IP:port.
+        """
+
+        conn.set_tunnel(self._proxy_host, self.port, self.proxy_headers)
+
+        if self.proxy.scheme == "https":
+            conn.tls_in_tls_required = True
+
+        conn.connect()
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        """
+        Return a fresh :class:`http.client.HTTPSConnection`.
+        """
+        self.num_connections += 1
+        log.debug(
+            "Starting new HTTPS connection (%d): %s:%s",
+            self.num_connections,
+            self.host,
+            self.port or "443",
+        )
+
+        if not self.ConnectionCls or self.ConnectionCls is DummyConnection:
+            raise SSLError(
+                "Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available."
+            )
+
+        actual_host = self.host
+        actual_port = self.port
+        if self.proxy is not None:
+            actual_host = self.proxy.host
+            actual_port = self.proxy.port
+
+        conn = self.ConnectionCls(
+            host=actual_host,
+            port=actual_port,
+            timeout=self.timeout.connect_timeout,
+            strict=self.strict,
+            cert_file=self.cert_file,
+            key_file=self.key_file,
+            key_password=self.key_password,
+            **self.conn_kw
+        )
+
+        return self._prepare_conn(conn)
+
+    def _validate_conn(self, conn):
+        """
+        Called right before a request is made, after the socket is created.
+        """
+        super(HTTPSConnectionPool, self)._validate_conn(conn)
+
+        # Force connect early to allow us to validate the connection.
+        if not getattr(conn, "sock", None):  # AppEngine might not have  `.sock`
+            conn.connect()
+
+        if not conn.is_verified:
+            warnings.warn(
+                (
+                    "Unverified HTTPS request is being made to host '%s'. "
+                    "Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: "
+                    "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+                    "#ssl-warnings" % conn.host
+                ),
+                InsecureRequestWarning,
+            )
+
+        if getattr(conn, "proxy_is_verified", None) is False:
+            warnings.warn(
+                (
+                    "Unverified HTTPS connection done to an HTTPS proxy. "
+                    "Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: "
+                    "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+                    "#ssl-warnings"
+                ),
+                InsecureRequestWarning,
+            )
+
+
+def connection_from_url(url, **kw):
+    """
+    Given a url, return an :class:`.ConnectionPool` instance of its host.
+
+    This is a shortcut for not having to parse out the scheme, host, and port
+    of the url before creating an :class:`.ConnectionPool` instance.
+
+    :param url:
+        Absolute URL string that must include the scheme. Port is optional.
+
+    :param \\**kw:
+        Passes additional parameters to the constructor of the appropriate
+        :class:`.ConnectionPool`. Useful for specifying things like
+        timeout, maxsize, headers, etc.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> conn = connection_from_url('http://google.com/')
+        >>> r = conn.request('GET', '/')
+    """
+    scheme, host, port = get_host(url)
+    port = port or port_by_scheme.get(scheme, 80)
+    if scheme == "https":
+        return HTTPSConnectionPool(host, port=port, **kw)
+    else:
+        return HTTPConnectionPool(host, port=port, **kw)
+
+
+def _normalize_host(host, scheme):
+    """
+    Normalize hosts for comparisons and use with sockets.
+    """
+
+    host = normalize_host(host, scheme)
+
+    # httplib doesn't like it when we include brackets in IPv6 addresses
+    # Specifically, if we include brackets but also pass the port then
+    # httplib crazily doubles up the square brackets on the Host header.
+    # Instead, we need to make sure we never pass ``None`` as the port.
+    # However, for backward compatibility reasons we can't actually
+    # *assert* that.  See http://bugs.python.org/issue28539
+    if host.startswith("[") and host.endswith("]"):
+        host = host[1:-1]
+    return host
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_appengine_environ.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_appengine_environ.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8765b90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_appengine_environ.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""
+This module provides means to detect the App Engine environment.
+"""
+
+import os
+
+
+def is_appengine():
+    return is_local_appengine() or is_prod_appengine()
+
+
+def is_appengine_sandbox():
+    """Reports if the app is running in the first generation sandbox.
+
+    The second generation runtimes are technically still in a sandbox, but it
+    is much less restrictive, so generally you shouldn't need to check for it.
+    see https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/standard/runtimes
+    """
+    return is_appengine() and os.environ["APPENGINE_RUNTIME"] == "python27"
+
+
+def is_local_appengine():
+    return "APPENGINE_RUNTIME" in os.environ and os.environ.get(
+        "SERVER_SOFTWARE", ""
+    ).startswith("Development/")
+
+
+def is_prod_appengine():
+    return "APPENGINE_RUNTIME" in os.environ and os.environ.get(
+        "SERVER_SOFTWARE", ""
+    ).startswith("Google App Engine/")
+
+
+def is_prod_appengine_mvms():
+    """Deprecated."""
+    return False
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/bindings.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/bindings.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..264d564
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/bindings.py
@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+"""
+This module uses ctypes to bind a whole bunch of functions and constants from
+SecureTransport. The goal here is to provide the low-level API to
+SecureTransport. These are essentially the C-level functions and constants, and
+they're pretty gross to work with.
+
+This code is a bastardised version of the code found in Will Bond's oscrypto
+library. An enormous debt is owed to him for blazing this trail for us. For
+that reason, this code should be considered to be covered both by urllib3's
+license and by oscrypto's:
+
+    Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Will Bond <will@wbond.net>
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+    copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+    to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+    the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+    and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+    Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+    all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+    AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+    FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+    DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import platform
+from ctypes import (
+    CDLL,
+    CFUNCTYPE,
+    POINTER,
+    c_bool,
+    c_byte,
+    c_char_p,
+    c_int32,
+    c_long,
+    c_size_t,
+    c_uint32,
+    c_ulong,
+    c_void_p,
+)
+from ctypes.util import find_library
+
+from ...packages.six import raise_from
+
+if platform.system() != "Darwin":
+    raise ImportError("Only macOS is supported")
+
+version = platform.mac_ver()[0]
+version_info = tuple(map(int, version.split(".")))
+if version_info < (10, 8):
+    raise OSError(
+        "Only OS X 10.8 and newer are supported, not %s.%s"
+        % (version_info[0], version_info[1])
+    )
+
+
+def load_cdll(name, macos10_16_path):
+    """Loads a CDLL by name, falling back to known path on 10.16+"""
+    try:
+        # Big Sur is technically 11 but we use 10.16 due to the Big Sur
+        # beta being labeled as 10.16.
+        if version_info >= (10, 16):
+            path = macos10_16_path
+        else:
+            path = find_library(name)
+        if not path:
+            raise OSError  # Caught and reraised as 'ImportError'
+        return CDLL(path, use_errno=True)
+    except OSError:
+        raise_from(ImportError("The library %s failed to load" % name), None)
+
+
+Security = load_cdll(
+    "Security", "/System/Library/Frameworks/Security.framework/Security"
+)
+CoreFoundation = load_cdll(
+    "CoreFoundation",
+    "/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation",
+)
+
+
+Boolean = c_bool
+CFIndex = c_long
+CFStringEncoding = c_uint32
+CFData = c_void_p
+CFString = c_void_p
+CFArray = c_void_p
+CFMutableArray = c_void_p
+CFDictionary = c_void_p
+CFError = c_void_p
+CFType = c_void_p
+CFTypeID = c_ulong
+
+CFTypeRef = POINTER(CFType)
+CFAllocatorRef = c_void_p
+
+OSStatus = c_int32
+
+CFDataRef = POINTER(CFData)
+CFStringRef = POINTER(CFString)
+CFArrayRef = POINTER(CFArray)
+CFMutableArrayRef = POINTER(CFMutableArray)
+CFDictionaryRef = POINTER(CFDictionary)
+CFArrayCallBacks = c_void_p
+CFDictionaryKeyCallBacks = c_void_p
+CFDictionaryValueCallBacks = c_void_p
+
+SecCertificateRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SecExternalFormat = c_uint32
+SecExternalItemType = c_uint32
+SecIdentityRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SecItemImportExportFlags = c_uint32
+SecItemImportExportKeyParameters = c_void_p
+SecKeychainRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SSLProtocol = c_uint32
+SSLCipherSuite = c_uint32
+SSLContextRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SecTrustRef = POINTER(c_void_p)
+SSLConnectionRef = c_uint32
+SecTrustResultType = c_uint32
+SecTrustOptionFlags = c_uint32
+SSLProtocolSide = c_uint32
+SSLConnectionType = c_uint32
+SSLSessionOption = c_uint32
+
+
+try:
+    Security.SecItemImport.argtypes = [
+        CFDataRef,
+        CFStringRef,
+        POINTER(SecExternalFormat),
+        POINTER(SecExternalItemType),
+        SecItemImportExportFlags,
+        POINTER(SecItemImportExportKeyParameters),
+        SecKeychainRef,
+        POINTER(CFArrayRef),
+    ]
+    Security.SecItemImport.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecCertificateGetTypeID.argtypes = []
+    Security.SecCertificateGetTypeID.restype = CFTypeID
+
+    Security.SecIdentityGetTypeID.argtypes = []
+    Security.SecIdentityGetTypeID.restype = CFTypeID
+
+    Security.SecKeyGetTypeID.argtypes = []
+    Security.SecKeyGetTypeID.restype = CFTypeID
+
+    Security.SecCertificateCreateWithData.argtypes = [CFAllocatorRef, CFDataRef]
+    Security.SecCertificateCreateWithData.restype = SecCertificateRef
+
+    Security.SecCertificateCopyData.argtypes = [SecCertificateRef]
+    Security.SecCertificateCopyData.restype = CFDataRef
+
+    Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString.argtypes = [OSStatus, c_void_p]
+    Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString.restype = CFStringRef
+
+    Security.SecIdentityCreateWithCertificate.argtypes = [
+        CFTypeRef,
+        SecCertificateRef,
+        POINTER(SecIdentityRef),
+    ]
+    Security.SecIdentityCreateWithCertificate.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecKeychainCreate.argtypes = [
+        c_char_p,
+        c_uint32,
+        c_void_p,
+        Boolean,
+        c_void_p,
+        POINTER(SecKeychainRef),
+    ]
+    Security.SecKeychainCreate.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecKeychainDelete.argtypes = [SecKeychainRef]
+    Security.SecKeychainDelete.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecPKCS12Import.argtypes = [
+        CFDataRef,
+        CFDictionaryRef,
+        POINTER(CFArrayRef),
+    ]
+    Security.SecPKCS12Import.restype = OSStatus
+
+    SSLReadFunc = CFUNCTYPE(OSStatus, SSLConnectionRef, c_void_p, POINTER(c_size_t))
+    SSLWriteFunc = CFUNCTYPE(
+        OSStatus, SSLConnectionRef, POINTER(c_byte), POINTER(c_size_t)
+    )
+
+    Security.SSLSetIOFuncs.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLReadFunc, SSLWriteFunc]
+    Security.SSLSetIOFuncs.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetPeerID.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, c_char_p, c_size_t]
+    Security.SSLSetPeerID.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetCertificate.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, CFArrayRef]
+    Security.SSLSetCertificate.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetCertificateAuthorities.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, CFTypeRef, Boolean]
+    Security.SSLSetCertificateAuthorities.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetConnection.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLConnectionRef]
+    Security.SSLSetConnection.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetPeerDomainName.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, c_char_p, c_size_t]
+    Security.SSLSetPeerDomainName.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLHandshake.argtypes = [SSLContextRef]
+    Security.SSLHandshake.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLRead.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, c_char_p, c_size_t, POINTER(c_size_t)]
+    Security.SSLRead.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLWrite.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, c_char_p, c_size_t, POINTER(c_size_t)]
+    Security.SSLWrite.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLClose.argtypes = [SSLContextRef]
+    Security.SSLClose.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetNumberSupportedCiphers.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, POINTER(c_size_t)]
+    Security.SSLGetNumberSupportedCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetSupportedCiphers.argtypes = [
+        SSLContextRef,
+        POINTER(SSLCipherSuite),
+        POINTER(c_size_t),
+    ]
+    Security.SSLGetSupportedCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetEnabledCiphers.argtypes = [
+        SSLContextRef,
+        POINTER(SSLCipherSuite),
+        c_size_t,
+    ]
+    Security.SSLSetEnabledCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetNumberEnabledCiphers.argtype = [SSLContextRef, POINTER(c_size_t)]
+    Security.SSLGetNumberEnabledCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetEnabledCiphers.argtypes = [
+        SSLContextRef,
+        POINTER(SSLCipherSuite),
+        POINTER(c_size_t),
+    ]
+    Security.SSLGetEnabledCiphers.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetNegotiatedCipher.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, POINTER(SSLCipherSuite)]
+    Security.SSLGetNegotiatedCipher.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLGetNegotiatedProtocolVersion.argtypes = [
+        SSLContextRef,
+        POINTER(SSLProtocol),
+    ]
+    Security.SSLGetNegotiatedProtocolVersion.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLCopyPeerTrust.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, POINTER(SecTrustRef)]
+    Security.SSLCopyPeerTrust.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificates.argtypes = [SecTrustRef, CFArrayRef]
+    Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificates.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificatesOnly.argstypes = [SecTrustRef, Boolean]
+    Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificatesOnly.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecTrustEvaluate.argtypes = [SecTrustRef, POINTER(SecTrustResultType)]
+    Security.SecTrustEvaluate.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SecTrustGetCertificateCount.argtypes = [SecTrustRef]
+    Security.SecTrustGetCertificateCount.restype = CFIndex
+
+    Security.SecTrustGetCertificateAtIndex.argtypes = [SecTrustRef, CFIndex]
+    Security.SecTrustGetCertificateAtIndex.restype = SecCertificateRef
+
+    Security.SSLCreateContext.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        SSLProtocolSide,
+        SSLConnectionType,
+    ]
+    Security.SSLCreateContext.restype = SSLContextRef
+
+    Security.SSLSetSessionOption.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLSessionOption, Boolean]
+    Security.SSLSetSessionOption.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMin.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLProtocol]
+    Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMin.restype = OSStatus
+
+    Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMax.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, SSLProtocol]
+    Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMax.restype = OSStatus
+
+    try:
+        Security.SSLSetALPNProtocols.argtypes = [SSLContextRef, CFArrayRef]
+        Security.SSLSetALPNProtocols.restype = OSStatus
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Supported only in 10.12+
+        pass
+
+    Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString.argtypes = [OSStatus, c_void_p]
+    Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString.restype = CFStringRef
+
+    Security.SSLReadFunc = SSLReadFunc
+    Security.SSLWriteFunc = SSLWriteFunc
+    Security.SSLContextRef = SSLContextRef
+    Security.SSLProtocol = SSLProtocol
+    Security.SSLCipherSuite = SSLCipherSuite
+    Security.SecIdentityRef = SecIdentityRef
+    Security.SecKeychainRef = SecKeychainRef
+    Security.SecTrustRef = SecTrustRef
+    Security.SecTrustResultType = SecTrustResultType
+    Security.SecExternalFormat = SecExternalFormat
+    Security.OSStatus = OSStatus
+
+    Security.kSecImportExportPassphrase = CFStringRef.in_dll(
+        Security, "kSecImportExportPassphrase"
+    )
+    Security.kSecImportItemIdentity = CFStringRef.in_dll(
+        Security, "kSecImportItemIdentity"
+    )
+
+    # CoreFoundation time!
+    CoreFoundation.CFRetain.argtypes = [CFTypeRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFRetain.restype = CFTypeRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFRelease.argtypes = [CFTypeRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFRelease.restype = None
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFGetTypeID.argtypes = [CFTypeRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFGetTypeID.restype = CFTypeID
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringCreateWithCString.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        c_char_p,
+        CFStringEncoding,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringCreateWithCString.restype = CFStringRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCStringPtr.argtypes = [CFStringRef, CFStringEncoding]
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCStringPtr.restype = c_char_p
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCString.argtypes = [
+        CFStringRef,
+        c_char_p,
+        CFIndex,
+        CFStringEncoding,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCString.restype = c_bool
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataCreate.argtypes = [CFAllocatorRef, c_char_p, CFIndex]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataCreate.restype = CFDataRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataGetLength.argtypes = [CFDataRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataGetLength.restype = CFIndex
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataGetBytePtr.argtypes = [CFDataRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDataGetBytePtr.restype = c_void_p
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryCreate.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        POINTER(CFTypeRef),
+        POINTER(CFTypeRef),
+        CFIndex,
+        CFDictionaryKeyCallBacks,
+        CFDictionaryValueCallBacks,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryCreate.restype = CFDictionaryRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryGetValue.argtypes = [CFDictionaryRef, CFTypeRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryGetValue.restype = CFTypeRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreate.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        POINTER(CFTypeRef),
+        CFIndex,
+        CFArrayCallBacks,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreate.restype = CFArrayRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable.argtypes = [
+        CFAllocatorRef,
+        CFIndex,
+        CFArrayCallBacks,
+    ]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable.restype = CFMutableArrayRef
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue.argtypes = [CFMutableArrayRef, c_void_p]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue.restype = None
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetCount.argtypes = [CFArrayRef]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetCount.restype = CFIndex
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetValueAtIndex.argtypes = [CFArrayRef, CFIndex]
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetValueAtIndex.restype = c_void_p
+
+    CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault = CFAllocatorRef.in_dll(
+        CoreFoundation, "kCFAllocatorDefault"
+    )
+    CoreFoundation.kCFTypeArrayCallBacks = c_void_p.in_dll(
+        CoreFoundation, "kCFTypeArrayCallBacks"
+    )
+    CoreFoundation.kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks = c_void_p.in_dll(
+        CoreFoundation, "kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks"
+    )
+    CoreFoundation.kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks = c_void_p.in_dll(
+        CoreFoundation, "kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks"
+    )
+
+    CoreFoundation.CFTypeRef = CFTypeRef
+    CoreFoundation.CFArrayRef = CFArrayRef
+    CoreFoundation.CFStringRef = CFStringRef
+    CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryRef = CFDictionaryRef
+
+except (AttributeError):
+    raise ImportError("Error initializing ctypes")
+
+
+class CFConst(object):
+    """
+    A class object that acts as essentially a namespace for CoreFoundation
+    constants.
+    """
+
+    kCFStringEncodingUTF8 = CFStringEncoding(0x08000100)
+
+
+class SecurityConst(object):
+    """
+    A class object that acts as essentially a namespace for Security constants.
+    """
+
+    kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnServerAuth = 0
+
+    kSSLProtocol2 = 1
+    kSSLProtocol3 = 2
+    kTLSProtocol1 = 4
+    kTLSProtocol11 = 7
+    kTLSProtocol12 = 8
+    # SecureTransport does not support TLS 1.3 even if there's a constant for it
+    kTLSProtocol13 = 10
+    kTLSProtocolMaxSupported = 999
+
+    kSSLClientSide = 1
+    kSSLStreamType = 0
+
+    kSecFormatPEMSequence = 10
+
+    kSecTrustResultInvalid = 0
+    kSecTrustResultProceed = 1
+    # This gap is present on purpose: this was kSecTrustResultConfirm, which
+    # is deprecated.
+    kSecTrustResultDeny = 3
+    kSecTrustResultUnspecified = 4
+    kSecTrustResultRecoverableTrustFailure = 5
+    kSecTrustResultFatalTrustFailure = 6
+    kSecTrustResultOtherError = 7
+
+    errSSLProtocol = -9800
+    errSSLWouldBlock = -9803
+    errSSLClosedGraceful = -9805
+    errSSLClosedNoNotify = -9816
+    errSSLClosedAbort = -9806
+
+    errSSLXCertChainInvalid = -9807
+    errSSLCrypto = -9809
+    errSSLInternal = -9810
+    errSSLCertExpired = -9814
+    errSSLCertNotYetValid = -9815
+    errSSLUnknownRootCert = -9812
+    errSSLNoRootCert = -9813
+    errSSLHostNameMismatch = -9843
+    errSSLPeerHandshakeFail = -9824
+    errSSLPeerUserCancelled = -9839
+    errSSLWeakPeerEphemeralDHKey = -9850
+    errSSLServerAuthCompleted = -9841
+    errSSLRecordOverflow = -9847
+
+    errSecVerifyFailed = -67808
+    errSecNoTrustSettings = -25263
+    errSecItemNotFound = -25300
+    errSecInvalidTrustSettings = -25262
+
+    # Cipher suites. We only pick the ones our default cipher string allows.
+    # Source: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/security/1550981-ssl_cipher_suite_values
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0xC02C
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0xC030
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0xC02B
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0xC02F
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 = 0xCCA9
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 = 0xCCA8
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0x009F
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0x009E
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 = 0xC024
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 = 0xC028
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA = 0xC00A
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA = 0xC014
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256 = 0x006B
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA = 0x0039
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 0xC023
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 0xC027
+    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA = 0xC009
+    TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA = 0xC013
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 0x0067
+    TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA = 0x0033
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0x009D
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0x009C
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256 = 0x003D
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 0x003C
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA = 0x0035
+    TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA = 0x002F
+    TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 0x1301
+    TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 0x1302
+    TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256 = 0x1305
+    TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256 = 0x1304
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/low_level.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/low_level.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa0b245
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/_securetransport/low_level.py
@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+"""
+Low-level helpers for the SecureTransport bindings.
+
+These are Python functions that are not directly related to the high-level APIs
+but are necessary to get them to work. They include a whole bunch of low-level
+CoreFoundation messing about and memory management. The concerns in this module
+are almost entirely about trying to avoid memory leaks and providing
+appropriate and useful assistance to the higher-level code.
+"""
+import base64
+import ctypes
+import itertools
+import os
+import re
+import ssl
+import struct
+import tempfile
+
+from .bindings import CFConst, CoreFoundation, Security
+
+# This regular expression is used to grab PEM data out of a PEM bundle.
+_PEM_CERTS_RE = re.compile(
+    b"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n(.*?)\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----", re.DOTALL
+)
+
+
+def _cf_data_from_bytes(bytestring):
+    """
+    Given a bytestring, create a CFData object from it. This CFData object must
+    be CFReleased by the caller.
+    """
+    return CoreFoundation.CFDataCreate(
+        CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault, bytestring, len(bytestring)
+    )
+
+
+def _cf_dictionary_from_tuples(tuples):
+    """
+    Given a list of Python tuples, create an associated CFDictionary.
+    """
+    dictionary_size = len(tuples)
+
+    # We need to get the dictionary keys and values out in the same order.
+    keys = (t[0] for t in tuples)
+    values = (t[1] for t in tuples)
+    cf_keys = (CoreFoundation.CFTypeRef * dictionary_size)(*keys)
+    cf_values = (CoreFoundation.CFTypeRef * dictionary_size)(*values)
+
+    return CoreFoundation.CFDictionaryCreate(
+        CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+        cf_keys,
+        cf_values,
+        dictionary_size,
+        CoreFoundation.kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks,
+        CoreFoundation.kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks,
+    )
+
+
+def _cfstr(py_bstr):
+    """
+    Given a Python binary data, create a CFString.
+    The string must be CFReleased by the caller.
+    """
+    c_str = ctypes.c_char_p(py_bstr)
+    cf_str = CoreFoundation.CFStringCreateWithCString(
+        CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+        c_str,
+        CFConst.kCFStringEncodingUTF8,
+    )
+    return cf_str
+
+
+def _create_cfstring_array(lst):
+    """
+    Given a list of Python binary data, create an associated CFMutableArray.
+    The array must be CFReleased by the caller.
+
+    Raises an ssl.SSLError on failure.
+    """
+    cf_arr = None
+    try:
+        cf_arr = CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable(
+            CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            0,
+            ctypes.byref(CoreFoundation.kCFTypeArrayCallBacks),
+        )
+        if not cf_arr:
+            raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate memory!")
+        for item in lst:
+            cf_str = _cfstr(item)
+            if not cf_str:
+                raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate memory!")
+            try:
+                CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue(cf_arr, cf_str)
+            finally:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cf_str)
+    except BaseException as e:
+        if cf_arr:
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cf_arr)
+        raise ssl.SSLError("Unable to allocate array: %s" % (e,))
+    return cf_arr
+
+
+def _cf_string_to_unicode(value):
+    """
+    Creates a Unicode string from a CFString object. Used entirely for error
+    reporting.
+
+    Yes, it annoys me quite a lot that this function is this complex.
+    """
+    value_as_void_p = ctypes.cast(value, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_void_p))
+
+    string = CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCStringPtr(
+        value_as_void_p, CFConst.kCFStringEncodingUTF8
+    )
+    if string is None:
+        buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(1024)
+        result = CoreFoundation.CFStringGetCString(
+            value_as_void_p, buffer, 1024, CFConst.kCFStringEncodingUTF8
+        )
+        if not result:
+            raise OSError("Error copying C string from CFStringRef")
+        string = buffer.value
+    if string is not None:
+        string = string.decode("utf-8")
+    return string
+
+
+def _assert_no_error(error, exception_class=None):
+    """
+    Checks the return code and throws an exception if there is an error to
+    report
+    """
+    if error == 0:
+        return
+
+    cf_error_string = Security.SecCopyErrorMessageString(error, None)
+    output = _cf_string_to_unicode(cf_error_string)
+    CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cf_error_string)
+
+    if output is None or output == u"":
+        output = u"OSStatus %s" % error
+
+    if exception_class is None:
+        exception_class = ssl.SSLError
+
+    raise exception_class(output)
+
+
+def _cert_array_from_pem(pem_bundle):
+    """
+    Given a bundle of certs in PEM format, turns them into a CFArray of certs
+    that can be used to validate a cert chain.
+    """
+    # Normalize the PEM bundle's line endings.
+    pem_bundle = pem_bundle.replace(b"\r\n", b"\n")
+
+    der_certs = [
+        base64.b64decode(match.group(1)) for match in _PEM_CERTS_RE.finditer(pem_bundle)
+    ]
+    if not der_certs:
+        raise ssl.SSLError("No root certificates specified")
+
+    cert_array = CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable(
+        CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+        0,
+        ctypes.byref(CoreFoundation.kCFTypeArrayCallBacks),
+    )
+    if not cert_array:
+        raise ssl.SSLError("Unable to allocate memory!")
+
+    try:
+        for der_bytes in der_certs:
+            certdata = _cf_data_from_bytes(der_bytes)
+            if not certdata:
+                raise ssl.SSLError("Unable to allocate memory!")
+            cert = Security.SecCertificateCreateWithData(
+                CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault, certdata
+            )
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(certdata)
+            if not cert:
+                raise ssl.SSLError("Unable to build cert object!")
+
+            CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue(cert_array, cert)
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cert)
+    except Exception:
+        # We need to free the array before the exception bubbles further.
+        # We only want to do that if an error occurs: otherwise, the caller
+        # should free.
+        CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cert_array)
+        raise
+
+    return cert_array
+
+
+def _is_cert(item):
+    """
+    Returns True if a given CFTypeRef is a certificate.
+    """
+    expected = Security.SecCertificateGetTypeID()
+    return CoreFoundation.CFGetTypeID(item) == expected
+
+
+def _is_identity(item):
+    """
+    Returns True if a given CFTypeRef is an identity.
+    """
+    expected = Security.SecIdentityGetTypeID()
+    return CoreFoundation.CFGetTypeID(item) == expected
+
+
+def _temporary_keychain():
+    """
+    This function creates a temporary Mac keychain that we can use to work with
+    credentials. This keychain uses a one-time password and a temporary file to
+    store the data. We expect to have one keychain per socket. The returned
+    SecKeychainRef must be freed by the caller, including calling
+    SecKeychainDelete.
+
+    Returns a tuple of the SecKeychainRef and the path to the temporary
+    directory that contains it.
+    """
+    # Unfortunately, SecKeychainCreate requires a path to a keychain. This
+    # means we cannot use mkstemp to use a generic temporary file. Instead,
+    # we're going to create a temporary directory and a filename to use there.
+    # This filename will be 8 random bytes expanded into base64. We also need
+    # some random bytes to password-protect the keychain we're creating, so we
+    # ask for 40 random bytes.
+    random_bytes = os.urandom(40)
+    filename = base64.b16encode(random_bytes[:8]).decode("utf-8")
+    password = base64.b16encode(random_bytes[8:])  # Must be valid UTF-8
+    tempdirectory = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+
+    keychain_path = os.path.join(tempdirectory, filename).encode("utf-8")
+
+    # We now want to create the keychain itself.
+    keychain = Security.SecKeychainRef()
+    status = Security.SecKeychainCreate(
+        keychain_path, len(password), password, False, None, ctypes.byref(keychain)
+    )
+    _assert_no_error(status)
+
+    # Having created the keychain, we want to pass it off to the caller.
+    return keychain, tempdirectory
+
+
+def _load_items_from_file(keychain, path):
+    """
+    Given a single file, loads all the trust objects from it into arrays and
+    the keychain.
+    Returns a tuple of lists: the first list is a list of identities, the
+    second a list of certs.
+    """
+    certificates = []
+    identities = []
+    result_array = None
+
+    with open(path, "rb") as f:
+        raw_filedata = f.read()
+
+    try:
+        filedata = CoreFoundation.CFDataCreate(
+            CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault, raw_filedata, len(raw_filedata)
+        )
+        result_array = CoreFoundation.CFArrayRef()
+        result = Security.SecItemImport(
+            filedata,  # cert data
+            None,  # Filename, leaving it out for now
+            None,  # What the type of the file is, we don't care
+            None,  # what's in the file, we don't care
+            0,  # import flags
+            None,  # key params, can include passphrase in the future
+            keychain,  # The keychain to insert into
+            ctypes.byref(result_array),  # Results
+        )
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # A CFArray is not very useful to us as an intermediary
+        # representation, so we are going to extract the objects we want
+        # and then free the array. We don't need to keep hold of keys: the
+        # keychain already has them!
+        result_count = CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetCount(result_array)
+        for index in range(result_count):
+            item = CoreFoundation.CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(result_array, index)
+            item = ctypes.cast(item, CoreFoundation.CFTypeRef)
+
+            if _is_cert(item):
+                CoreFoundation.CFRetain(item)
+                certificates.append(item)
+            elif _is_identity(item):
+                CoreFoundation.CFRetain(item)
+                identities.append(item)
+    finally:
+        if result_array:
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(result_array)
+
+        CoreFoundation.CFRelease(filedata)
+
+    return (identities, certificates)
+
+
+def _load_client_cert_chain(keychain, *paths):
+    """
+    Load certificates and maybe keys from a number of files. Has the end goal
+    of returning a CFArray containing one SecIdentityRef, and then zero or more
+    SecCertificateRef objects, suitable for use as a client certificate trust
+    chain.
+    """
+    # Ok, the strategy.
+    #
+    # This relies on knowing that macOS will not give you a SecIdentityRef
+    # unless you have imported a key into a keychain. This is a somewhat
+    # artificial limitation of macOS (for example, it doesn't necessarily
+    # affect iOS), but there is nothing inside Security.framework that lets you
+    # get a SecIdentityRef without having a key in a keychain.
+    #
+    # So the policy here is we take all the files and iterate them in order.
+    # Each one will use SecItemImport to have one or more objects loaded from
+    # it. We will also point at a keychain that macOS can use to work with the
+    # private key.
+    #
+    # Once we have all the objects, we'll check what we actually have. If we
+    # already have a SecIdentityRef in hand, fab: we'll use that. Otherwise,
+    # we'll take the first certificate (which we assume to be our leaf) and
+    # ask the keychain to give us a SecIdentityRef with that cert's associated
+    # key.
+    #
+    # We'll then return a CFArray containing the trust chain: one
+    # SecIdentityRef and then zero-or-more SecCertificateRef objects. The
+    # responsibility for freeing this CFArray will be with the caller. This
+    # CFArray must remain alive for the entire connection, so in practice it
+    # will be stored with a single SSLSocket, along with the reference to the
+    # keychain.
+    certificates = []
+    identities = []
+
+    # Filter out bad paths.
+    paths = (path for path in paths if path)
+
+    try:
+        for file_path in paths:
+            new_identities, new_certs = _load_items_from_file(keychain, file_path)
+            identities.extend(new_identities)
+            certificates.extend(new_certs)
+
+        # Ok, we have everything. The question is: do we have an identity? If
+        # not, we want to grab one from the first cert we have.
+        if not identities:
+            new_identity = Security.SecIdentityRef()
+            status = Security.SecIdentityCreateWithCertificate(
+                keychain, certificates[0], ctypes.byref(new_identity)
+            )
+            _assert_no_error(status)
+            identities.append(new_identity)
+
+            # We now want to release the original certificate, as we no longer
+            # need it.
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(certificates.pop(0))
+
+        # We now need to build a new CFArray that holds the trust chain.
+        trust_chain = CoreFoundation.CFArrayCreateMutable(
+            CoreFoundation.kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            0,
+            ctypes.byref(CoreFoundation.kCFTypeArrayCallBacks),
+        )
+        for item in itertools.chain(identities, certificates):
+            # ArrayAppendValue does a CFRetain on the item. That's fine,
+            # because the finally block will release our other refs to them.
+            CoreFoundation.CFArrayAppendValue(trust_chain, item)
+
+        return trust_chain
+    finally:
+        for obj in itertools.chain(identities, certificates):
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(obj)
+
+
+TLS_PROTOCOL_VERSIONS = {
+    "SSLv2": (0, 2),
+    "SSLv3": (3, 0),
+    "TLSv1": (3, 1),
+    "TLSv1.1": (3, 2),
+    "TLSv1.2": (3, 3),
+}
+
+
+def _build_tls_unknown_ca_alert(version):
+    """
+    Builds a TLS alert record for an unknown CA.
+    """
+    ver_maj, ver_min = TLS_PROTOCOL_VERSIONS[version]
+    severity_fatal = 0x02
+    description_unknown_ca = 0x30
+    msg = struct.pack(">BB", severity_fatal, description_unknown_ca)
+    msg_len = len(msg)
+    record_type_alert = 0x15
+    record = struct.pack(">BBBH", record_type_alert, ver_maj, ver_min, msg_len) + msg
+    return record
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/appengine.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/appengine.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f91bdd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/appengine.py
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+"""
+This module provides a pool manager that uses Google App Engine's
+`URLFetch Service <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/urlfetch>`_.
+
+Example usage::
+
+    from urllib3 import PoolManager
+    from urllib3.contrib.appengine import AppEngineManager, is_appengine_sandbox
+
+    if is_appengine_sandbox():
+        # AppEngineManager uses AppEngine's URLFetch API behind the scenes
+        http = AppEngineManager()
+    else:
+        # PoolManager uses a socket-level API behind the scenes
+        http = PoolManager()
+
+    r = http.request('GET', 'https://google.com/')
+
+There are `limitations <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/\
+urlfetch/#Python_Quotas_and_limits>`_ to the URLFetch service and it may not be
+the best choice for your application. There are three options for using
+urllib3 on Google App Engine:
+
+1. You can use :class:`AppEngineManager` with URLFetch. URLFetch is
+   cost-effective in many circumstances as long as your usage is within the
+   limitations.
+2. You can use a normal :class:`~urllib3.PoolManager` by enabling sockets.
+   Sockets also have `limitations and restrictions
+   <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/sockets/\
+   #limitations-and-restrictions>`_ and have a lower free quota than URLFetch.
+   To use sockets, be sure to specify the following in your ``app.yaml``::
+
+        env_variables:
+            GAE_USE_SOCKETS_HTTPLIB : 'true'
+
+3. If you are using `App Engine Flexible
+<https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/flexible/>`_, you can use the standard
+:class:`PoolManager` without any configuration or special environment variables.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import io
+import logging
+import warnings
+
+from ..exceptions import (
+    HTTPError,
+    HTTPWarning,
+    MaxRetryError,
+    ProtocolError,
+    SSLError,
+    TimeoutError,
+)
+from ..packages.six.moves.urllib.parse import urljoin
+from ..request import RequestMethods
+from ..response import HTTPResponse
+from ..util.retry import Retry
+from ..util.timeout import Timeout
+from . import _appengine_environ
+
+try:
+    from google.appengine.api import urlfetch
+except ImportError:
+    urlfetch = None
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class AppEnginePlatformWarning(HTTPWarning):
+    pass
+
+
+class AppEnginePlatformError(HTTPError):
+    pass
+
+
+class AppEngineManager(RequestMethods):
+    """
+    Connection manager for Google App Engine sandbox applications.
+
+    This manager uses the URLFetch service directly instead of using the
+    emulated httplib, and is subject to URLFetch limitations as described in
+    the App Engine documentation `here
+    <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/urlfetch>`_.
+
+    Notably it will raise an :class:`AppEnginePlatformError` if:
+        * URLFetch is not available.
+        * If you attempt to use this on App Engine Flexible, as full socket
+          support is available.
+        * If a request size is more than 10 megabytes.
+        * If a response size is more than 32 megabytes.
+        * If you use an unsupported request method such as OPTIONS.
+
+    Beyond those cases, it will raise normal urllib3 errors.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        validate_certificate=True,
+        urlfetch_retries=True,
+    ):
+        if not urlfetch:
+            raise AppEnginePlatformError(
+                "URLFetch is not available in this environment."
+            )
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "urllib3 is using URLFetch on Google App Engine sandbox instead "
+            "of sockets. To use sockets directly instead of URLFetch see "
+            "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/reference/urllib3.contrib.html.",
+            AppEnginePlatformWarning,
+        )
+
+        RequestMethods.__init__(self, headers)
+        self.validate_certificate = validate_certificate
+        self.urlfetch_retries = urlfetch_retries
+
+        self.retries = retries or Retry.DEFAULT
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        # Return False to re-raise any potential exceptions
+        return False
+
+    def urlopen(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        body=None,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=None,
+        redirect=True,
+        timeout=Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        **response_kw
+    ):
+
+        retries = self._get_retries(retries, redirect)
+
+        try:
+            follow_redirects = redirect and retries.redirect != 0 and retries.total
+            response = urlfetch.fetch(
+                url,
+                payload=body,
+                method=method,
+                headers=headers or {},
+                allow_truncated=False,
+                follow_redirects=self.urlfetch_retries and follow_redirects,
+                deadline=self._get_absolute_timeout(timeout),
+                validate_certificate=self.validate_certificate,
+            )
+        except urlfetch.DeadlineExceededError as e:
+            raise TimeoutError(self, e)
+
+        except urlfetch.InvalidURLError as e:
+            if "too large" in str(e):
+                raise AppEnginePlatformError(
+                    "URLFetch request too large, URLFetch only "
+                    "supports requests up to 10mb in size.",
+                    e,
+                )
+            raise ProtocolError(e)
+
+        except urlfetch.DownloadError as e:
+            if "Too many redirects" in str(e):
+                raise MaxRetryError(self, url, reason=e)
+            raise ProtocolError(e)
+
+        except urlfetch.ResponseTooLargeError as e:
+            raise AppEnginePlatformError(
+                "URLFetch response too large, URLFetch only supports"
+                "responses up to 32mb in size.",
+                e,
+            )
+
+        except urlfetch.SSLCertificateError as e:
+            raise SSLError(e)
+
+        except urlfetch.InvalidMethodError as e:
+            raise AppEnginePlatformError(
+                "URLFetch does not support method: %s" % method, e
+            )
+
+        http_response = self._urlfetch_response_to_http_response(
+            response, retries=retries, **response_kw
+        )
+
+        # Handle redirect?
+        redirect_location = redirect and http_response.get_redirect_location()
+        if redirect_location:
+            # Check for redirect response
+            if self.urlfetch_retries and retries.raise_on_redirect:
+                raise MaxRetryError(self, url, "too many redirects")
+            else:
+                if http_response.status == 303:
+                    method = "GET"
+
+                try:
+                    retries = retries.increment(
+                        method, url, response=http_response, _pool=self
+                    )
+                except MaxRetryError:
+                    if retries.raise_on_redirect:
+                        raise MaxRetryError(self, url, "too many redirects")
+                    return http_response
+
+                retries.sleep_for_retry(http_response)
+                log.debug("Redirecting %s -> %s", url, redirect_location)
+                redirect_url = urljoin(url, redirect_location)
+                return self.urlopen(
+                    method,
+                    redirect_url,
+                    body,
+                    headers,
+                    retries=retries,
+                    redirect=redirect,
+                    timeout=timeout,
+                    **response_kw
+                )
+
+        # Check if we should retry the HTTP response.
+        has_retry_after = bool(http_response.getheader("Retry-After"))
+        if retries.is_retry(method, http_response.status, has_retry_after):
+            retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=http_response, _pool=self)
+            log.debug("Retry: %s", url)
+            retries.sleep(http_response)
+            return self.urlopen(
+                method,
+                url,
+                body=body,
+                headers=headers,
+                retries=retries,
+                redirect=redirect,
+                timeout=timeout,
+                **response_kw
+            )
+
+        return http_response
+
+    def _urlfetch_response_to_http_response(self, urlfetch_resp, **response_kw):
+
+        if is_prod_appengine():
+            # Production GAE handles deflate encoding automatically, but does
+            # not remove the encoding header.
+            content_encoding = urlfetch_resp.headers.get("content-encoding")
+
+            if content_encoding == "deflate":
+                del urlfetch_resp.headers["content-encoding"]
+
+        transfer_encoding = urlfetch_resp.headers.get("transfer-encoding")
+        # We have a full response's content,
+        # so let's make sure we don't report ourselves as chunked data.
+        if transfer_encoding == "chunked":
+            encodings = transfer_encoding.split(",")
+            encodings.remove("chunked")
+            urlfetch_resp.headers["transfer-encoding"] = ",".join(encodings)
+
+        original_response = HTTPResponse(
+            # In order for decoding to work, we must present the content as
+            # a file-like object.
+            body=io.BytesIO(urlfetch_resp.content),
+            msg=urlfetch_resp.header_msg,
+            headers=urlfetch_resp.headers,
+            status=urlfetch_resp.status_code,
+            **response_kw
+        )
+
+        return HTTPResponse(
+            body=io.BytesIO(urlfetch_resp.content),
+            headers=urlfetch_resp.headers,
+            status=urlfetch_resp.status_code,
+            original_response=original_response,
+            **response_kw
+        )
+
+    def _get_absolute_timeout(self, timeout):
+        if timeout is Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+            return None  # Defer to URLFetch's default.
+        if isinstance(timeout, Timeout):
+            if timeout._read is not None or timeout._connect is not None:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "URLFetch does not support granular timeout settings, "
+                    "reverting to total or default URLFetch timeout.",
+                    AppEnginePlatformWarning,
+                )
+            return timeout.total
+        return timeout
+
+    def _get_retries(self, retries, redirect):
+        if not isinstance(retries, Retry):
+            retries = Retry.from_int(retries, redirect=redirect, default=self.retries)
+
+        if retries.connect or retries.read or retries.redirect:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "URLFetch only supports total retries and does not "
+                "recognize connect, read, or redirect retry parameters.",
+                AppEnginePlatformWarning,
+            )
+
+        return retries
+
+
+# Alias methods from _appengine_environ to maintain public API interface.
+
+is_appengine = _appengine_environ.is_appengine
+is_appengine_sandbox = _appengine_environ.is_appengine_sandbox
+is_local_appengine = _appengine_environ.is_local_appengine
+is_prod_appengine = _appengine_environ.is_prod_appengine
+is_prod_appengine_mvms = _appengine_environ.is_prod_appengine_mvms
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/ntlmpool.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/ntlmpool.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41a8fd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/ntlmpool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+"""
+NTLM authenticating pool, contributed by erikcederstran
+
+Issue #10, see: http://code.google.com/p/urllib3/issues/detail?id=10
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import warnings
+from logging import getLogger
+
+from ntlm import ntlm
+
+from .. import HTTPSConnectionPool
+from ..packages.six.moves.http_client import HTTPSConnection
+
+warnings.warn(
+    "The 'urllib3.contrib.ntlmpool' module is deprecated and will be removed "
+    "in urllib3 v2.0 release, urllib3 is not able to support it properly due "
+    "to reasons listed in issue: https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/2282. "
+    "If you are a user of this module please comment in the mentioned issue.",
+    DeprecationWarning,
+)
+
+log = getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class NTLMConnectionPool(HTTPSConnectionPool):
+    """
+    Implements an NTLM authentication version of an urllib3 connection pool
+    """
+
+    scheme = "https"
+
+    def __init__(self, user, pw, authurl, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        authurl is a random URL on the server that is protected by NTLM.
+        user is the Windows user, probably in the DOMAIN\\username format.
+        pw is the password for the user.
+        """
+        super(NTLMConnectionPool, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.authurl = authurl
+        self.rawuser = user
+        user_parts = user.split("\\", 1)
+        self.domain = user_parts[0].upper()
+        self.user = user_parts[1]
+        self.pw = pw
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        # Performs the NTLM handshake that secures the connection. The socket
+        # must be kept open while requests are performed.
+        self.num_connections += 1
+        log.debug(
+            "Starting NTLM HTTPS connection no. %d: https://%s%s",
+            self.num_connections,
+            self.host,
+            self.authurl,
+        )
+
+        headers = {"Connection": "Keep-Alive"}
+        req_header = "Authorization"
+        resp_header = "www-authenticate"
+
+        conn = HTTPSConnection(host=self.host, port=self.port)
+
+        # Send negotiation message
+        headers[req_header] = "NTLM %s" % ntlm.create_NTLM_NEGOTIATE_MESSAGE(
+            self.rawuser
+        )
+        log.debug("Request headers: %s", headers)
+        conn.request("GET", self.authurl, None, headers)
+        res = conn.getresponse()
+        reshdr = dict(res.getheaders())
+        log.debug("Response status: %s %s", res.status, res.reason)
+        log.debug("Response headers: %s", reshdr)
+        log.debug("Response data: %s [...]", res.read(100))
+
+        # Remove the reference to the socket, so that it can not be closed by
+        # the response object (we want to keep the socket open)
+        res.fp = None
+
+        # Server should respond with a challenge message
+        auth_header_values = reshdr[resp_header].split(", ")
+        auth_header_value = None
+        for s in auth_header_values:
+            if s[:5] == "NTLM ":
+                auth_header_value = s[5:]
+        if auth_header_value is None:
+            raise Exception(
+                "Unexpected %s response header: %s" % (resp_header, reshdr[resp_header])
+            )
+
+        # Send authentication message
+        ServerChallenge, NegotiateFlags = ntlm.parse_NTLM_CHALLENGE_MESSAGE(
+            auth_header_value
+        )
+        auth_msg = ntlm.create_NTLM_AUTHENTICATE_MESSAGE(
+            ServerChallenge, self.user, self.domain, self.pw, NegotiateFlags
+        )
+        headers[req_header] = "NTLM %s" % auth_msg
+        log.debug("Request headers: %s", headers)
+        conn.request("GET", self.authurl, None, headers)
+        res = conn.getresponse()
+        log.debug("Response status: %s %s", res.status, res.reason)
+        log.debug("Response headers: %s", dict(res.getheaders()))
+        log.debug("Response data: %s [...]", res.read()[:100])
+        if res.status != 200:
+            if res.status == 401:
+                raise Exception("Server rejected request: wrong username or password")
+            raise Exception("Wrong server response: %s %s" % (res.status, res.reason))
+
+        res.fp = None
+        log.debug("Connection established")
+        return conn
+
+    def urlopen(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        body=None,
+        headers=None,
+        retries=3,
+        redirect=True,
+        assert_same_host=True,
+    ):
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = {}
+        headers["Connection"] = "Keep-Alive"
+        return super(NTLMConnectionPool, self).urlopen(
+            method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/pyopenssl.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/pyopenssl.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..def83af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/pyopenssl.py
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+"""
+TLS with SNI_-support for Python 2. Follow these instructions if you would
+like to verify TLS certificates in Python 2. Note, the default libraries do
+*not* do certificate checking; you need to do additional work to validate
+certificates yourself.
+
+This needs the following packages installed:
+
+* `pyOpenSSL`_ (tested with 16.0.0)
+* `cryptography`_ (minimum 1.3.4, from pyopenssl)
+* `idna`_ (minimum 2.0, from cryptography)
+
+However, pyopenssl depends on cryptography, which depends on idna, so while we
+use all three directly here we end up having relatively few packages required.
+
+You can install them with the following command:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ python -m pip install pyopenssl cryptography idna
+
+To activate certificate checking, call
+:func:`~urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl.inject_into_urllib3` from your Python code
+before you begin making HTTP requests. This can be done in a ``sitecustomize``
+module, or at any other time before your application begins using ``urllib3``,
+like this:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    try:
+        import urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl
+        urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl.inject_into_urllib3()
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+Now you can use :mod:`urllib3` as you normally would, and it will support SNI
+when the required modules are installed.
+
+Activating this module also has the positive side effect of disabling SSL/TLS
+compression in Python 2 (see `CRIME attack`_).
+
+.. _sni: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication
+.. _crime attack: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRIME_(security_exploit)
+.. _pyopenssl: https://www.pyopenssl.org
+.. _cryptography: https://cryptography.io
+.. _idna: https://github.com/kjd/idna
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import OpenSSL.SSL
+from cryptography import x509
+from cryptography.hazmat.backends.openssl import backend as openssl_backend
+from cryptography.hazmat.backends.openssl.x509 import _Certificate
+
+try:
+    from cryptography.x509 import UnsupportedExtension
+except ImportError:
+    # UnsupportedExtension is gone in cryptography >= 2.1.0
+    class UnsupportedExtension(Exception):
+        pass
+
+
+from io import BytesIO
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout
+
+try:  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+    from socket import _fileobject
+except ImportError:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+    _fileobject = None
+    from ..packages.backports.makefile import backport_makefile
+
+import logging
+import ssl
+import sys
+
+from .. import util
+from ..packages import six
+from ..util.ssl_ import PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
+
+__all__ = ["inject_into_urllib3", "extract_from_urllib3"]
+
+# SNI always works.
+HAS_SNI = True
+
+# Map from urllib3 to PyOpenSSL compatible parameter-values.
+_openssl_versions = {
+    util.PROTOCOL_TLS: OpenSSL.SSL.SSLv23_METHOD,
+    PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT: OpenSSL.SSL.SSLv23_METHOD,
+    ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1: OpenSSL.SSL.TLSv1_METHOD,
+}
+
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_SSLv3") and hasattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "SSLv3_METHOD"):
+    _openssl_versions[ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv3] = OpenSSL.SSL.SSLv3_METHOD
+
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1") and hasattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "TLSv1_1_METHOD"):
+    _openssl_versions[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1] = OpenSSL.SSL.TLSv1_1_METHOD
+
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2") and hasattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "TLSv1_2_METHOD"):
+    _openssl_versions[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2] = OpenSSL.SSL.TLSv1_2_METHOD
+
+
+_stdlib_to_openssl_verify = {
+    ssl.CERT_NONE: OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_NONE,
+    ssl.CERT_OPTIONAL: OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_PEER,
+    ssl.CERT_REQUIRED: OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_PEER
+    + OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT,
+}
+_openssl_to_stdlib_verify = dict((v, k) for k, v in _stdlib_to_openssl_verify.items())
+
+# OpenSSL will only write 16K at a time
+SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE = 16384
+
+orig_util_HAS_SNI = util.HAS_SNI
+orig_util_SSLContext = util.ssl_.SSLContext
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def inject_into_urllib3():
+    "Monkey-patch urllib3 with PyOpenSSL-backed SSL-support."
+
+    _validate_dependencies_met()
+
+    util.SSLContext = PyOpenSSLContext
+    util.ssl_.SSLContext = PyOpenSSLContext
+    util.HAS_SNI = HAS_SNI
+    util.ssl_.HAS_SNI = HAS_SNI
+    util.IS_PYOPENSSL = True
+    util.ssl_.IS_PYOPENSSL = True
+
+
+def extract_from_urllib3():
+    "Undo monkey-patching by :func:`inject_into_urllib3`."
+
+    util.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
+    util.ssl_.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
+    util.HAS_SNI = orig_util_HAS_SNI
+    util.ssl_.HAS_SNI = orig_util_HAS_SNI
+    util.IS_PYOPENSSL = False
+    util.ssl_.IS_PYOPENSSL = False
+
+
+def _validate_dependencies_met():
+    """
+    Verifies that PyOpenSSL's package-level dependencies have been met.
+    Throws `ImportError` if they are not met.
+    """
+    # Method added in `cryptography==1.1`; not available in older versions
+    from cryptography.x509.extensions import Extensions
+
+    if getattr(Extensions, "get_extension_for_class", None) is None:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "'cryptography' module missing required functionality.  "
+            "Try upgrading to v1.3.4 or newer."
+        )
+
+    # pyOpenSSL 0.14 and above use cryptography for OpenSSL bindings. The _x509
+    # attribute is only present on those versions.
+    from OpenSSL.crypto import X509
+
+    x509 = X509()
+    if getattr(x509, "_x509", None) is None:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "'pyOpenSSL' module missing required functionality. "
+            "Try upgrading to v0.14 or newer."
+        )
+
+
+def _dnsname_to_stdlib(name):
+    """
+    Converts a dNSName SubjectAlternativeName field to the form used by the
+    standard library on the given Python version.
+
+    Cryptography produces a dNSName as a unicode string that was idna-decoded
+    from ASCII bytes. We need to idna-encode that string to get it back, and
+    then on Python 3 we also need to convert to unicode via UTF-8 (the stdlib
+    uses PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize on it, which decodes via UTF-8).
+
+    If the name cannot be idna-encoded then we return None signalling that
+    the name given should be skipped.
+    """
+
+    def idna_encode(name):
+        """
+        Borrowed wholesale from the Python Cryptography Project. It turns out
+        that we can't just safely call `idna.encode`: it can explode for
+        wildcard names. This avoids that problem.
+        """
+        import idna
+
+        try:
+            for prefix in [u"*.", u"."]:
+                if name.startswith(prefix):
+                    name = name[len(prefix) :]
+                    return prefix.encode("ascii") + idna.encode(name)
+            return idna.encode(name)
+        except idna.core.IDNAError:
+            return None
+
+    # Don't send IPv6 addresses through the IDNA encoder.
+    if ":" in name:
+        return name
+
+    name = idna_encode(name)
+    if name is None:
+        return None
+    elif sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
+        name = name.decode("utf-8")
+    return name
+
+
+def get_subj_alt_name(peer_cert):
+    """
+    Given an PyOpenSSL certificate, provides all the subject alternative names.
+    """
+    # Pass the cert to cryptography, which has much better APIs for this.
+    if hasattr(peer_cert, "to_cryptography"):
+        cert = peer_cert.to_cryptography()
+    else:
+        # This is technically using private APIs, but should work across all
+        # relevant versions before PyOpenSSL got a proper API for this.
+        cert = _Certificate(openssl_backend, peer_cert._x509)
+
+    # We want to find the SAN extension. Ask Cryptography to locate it (it's
+    # faster than looping in Python)
+    try:
+        ext = cert.extensions.get_extension_for_class(x509.SubjectAlternativeName).value
+    except x509.ExtensionNotFound:
+        # No such extension, return the empty list.
+        return []
+    except (
+        x509.DuplicateExtension,
+        UnsupportedExtension,
+        x509.UnsupportedGeneralNameType,
+        UnicodeError,
+    ) as e:
+        # A problem has been found with the quality of the certificate. Assume
+        # no SAN field is present.
+        log.warning(
+            "A problem was encountered with the certificate that prevented "
+            "urllib3 from finding the SubjectAlternativeName field. This can "
+            "affect certificate validation. The error was %s",
+            e,
+        )
+        return []
+
+    # We want to return dNSName and iPAddress fields. We need to cast the IPs
+    # back to strings because the match_hostname function wants them as
+    # strings.
+    # Sadly the DNS names need to be idna encoded and then, on Python 3, UTF-8
+    # decoded. This is pretty frustrating, but that's what the standard library
+    # does with certificates, and so we need to attempt to do the same.
+    # We also want to skip over names which cannot be idna encoded.
+    names = [
+        ("DNS", name)
+        for name in map(_dnsname_to_stdlib, ext.get_values_for_type(x509.DNSName))
+        if name is not None
+    ]
+    names.extend(
+        ("IP Address", str(name)) for name in ext.get_values_for_type(x509.IPAddress)
+    )
+
+    return names
+
+
+class WrappedSocket(object):
+    """API-compatibility wrapper for Python OpenSSL's Connection-class.
+
+    Note: _makefile_refs, _drop() and _reuse() are needed for the garbage
+    collector of pypy.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, connection, socket, suppress_ragged_eofs=True):
+        self.connection = connection
+        self.socket = socket
+        self.suppress_ragged_eofs = suppress_ragged_eofs
+        self._makefile_refs = 0
+        self._closed = False
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        return self.socket.fileno()
+
+    # Copy-pasted from Python 3.5 source code
+    def _decref_socketios(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs > 0:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+        if self._closed:
+            self.close()
+
+    def recv(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            data = self.connection.recv(*args, **kwargs)
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.SysCallError as e:
+            if self.suppress_ragged_eofs and e.args == (-1, "Unexpected EOF"):
+                return b""
+            else:
+                raise SocketError(str(e))
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.ZeroReturnError:
+            if self.connection.get_shutdown() == OpenSSL.SSL.RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN:
+                return b""
+            else:
+                raise
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.WantReadError:
+            if not util.wait_for_read(self.socket, self.socket.gettimeout()):
+                raise timeout("The read operation timed out")
+            else:
+                return self.recv(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        # TLS 1.3 post-handshake authentication
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("read error: %r" % e)
+        else:
+            return data
+
+    def recv_into(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return self.connection.recv_into(*args, **kwargs)
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.SysCallError as e:
+            if self.suppress_ragged_eofs and e.args == (-1, "Unexpected EOF"):
+                return 0
+            else:
+                raise SocketError(str(e))
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.ZeroReturnError:
+            if self.connection.get_shutdown() == OpenSSL.SSL.RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN:
+                return 0
+            else:
+                raise
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.WantReadError:
+            if not util.wait_for_read(self.socket, self.socket.gettimeout()):
+                raise timeout("The read operation timed out")
+            else:
+                return self.recv_into(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        # TLS 1.3 post-handshake authentication
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("read error: %r" % e)
+
+    def settimeout(self, timeout):
+        return self.socket.settimeout(timeout)
+
+    def _send_until_done(self, data):
+        while True:
+            try:
+                return self.connection.send(data)
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.WantWriteError:
+                if not util.wait_for_write(self.socket, self.socket.gettimeout()):
+                    raise timeout()
+                continue
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.SysCallError as e:
+                raise SocketError(str(e))
+
+    def sendall(self, data):
+        total_sent = 0
+        while total_sent < len(data):
+            sent = self._send_until_done(
+                data[total_sent : total_sent + SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE]
+            )
+            total_sent += sent
+
+    def shutdown(self):
+        # FIXME rethrow compatible exceptions should we ever use this
+        self.connection.shutdown()
+
+    def close(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs < 1:
+            try:
+                self._closed = True
+                return self.connection.close()
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.Error:
+                return
+        else:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+
+    def getpeercert(self, binary_form=False):
+        x509 = self.connection.get_peer_certificate()
+
+        if not x509:
+            return x509
+
+        if binary_form:
+            return OpenSSL.crypto.dump_certificate(OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_ASN1, x509)
+
+        return {
+            "subject": ((("commonName", x509.get_subject().CN),),),
+            "subjectAltName": get_subj_alt_name(x509),
+        }
+
+    def version(self):
+        return self.connection.get_protocol_version_name()
+
+    def _reuse(self):
+        self._makefile_refs += 1
+
+    def _drop(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs < 1:
+            self.close()
+        else:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+
+
+if _fileobject:  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+
+    def makefile(self, mode, bufsize=-1):
+        self._makefile_refs += 1
+        return _fileobject(self, mode, bufsize, close=True)
+
+
+else:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+    makefile = backport_makefile
+
+WrappedSocket.makefile = makefile
+
+
+class PyOpenSSLContext(object):
+    """
+    I am a wrapper class for the PyOpenSSL ``Context`` object. I am responsible
+    for translating the interface of the standard library ``SSLContext`` object
+    to calls into PyOpenSSL.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, protocol):
+        self.protocol = _openssl_versions[protocol]
+        self._ctx = OpenSSL.SSL.Context(self.protocol)
+        self._options = 0
+        self.check_hostname = False
+
+    @property
+    def options(self):
+        return self._options
+
+    @options.setter
+    def options(self, value):
+        self._options = value
+        self._ctx.set_options(value)
+
+    @property
+    def verify_mode(self):
+        return _openssl_to_stdlib_verify[self._ctx.get_verify_mode()]
+
+    @verify_mode.setter
+    def verify_mode(self, value):
+        self._ctx.set_verify(_stdlib_to_openssl_verify[value], _verify_callback)
+
+    def set_default_verify_paths(self):
+        self._ctx.set_default_verify_paths()
+
+    def set_ciphers(self, ciphers):
+        if isinstance(ciphers, six.text_type):
+            ciphers = ciphers.encode("utf-8")
+        self._ctx.set_cipher_list(ciphers)
+
+    def load_verify_locations(self, cafile=None, capath=None, cadata=None):
+        if cafile is not None:
+            cafile = cafile.encode("utf-8")
+        if capath is not None:
+            capath = capath.encode("utf-8")
+        try:
+            self._ctx.load_verify_locations(cafile, capath)
+            if cadata is not None:
+                self._ctx.load_verify_locations(BytesIO(cadata))
+        except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("unable to load trusted certificates: %r" % e)
+
+    def load_cert_chain(self, certfile, keyfile=None, password=None):
+        self._ctx.use_certificate_chain_file(certfile)
+        if password is not None:
+            if not isinstance(password, six.binary_type):
+                password = password.encode("utf-8")
+            self._ctx.set_passwd_cb(lambda *_: password)
+        self._ctx.use_privatekey_file(keyfile or certfile)
+
+    def set_alpn_protocols(self, protocols):
+        protocols = [six.ensure_binary(p) for p in protocols]
+        return self._ctx.set_alpn_protos(protocols)
+
+    def wrap_socket(
+        self,
+        sock,
+        server_side=False,
+        do_handshake_on_connect=True,
+        suppress_ragged_eofs=True,
+        server_hostname=None,
+    ):
+        cnx = OpenSSL.SSL.Connection(self._ctx, sock)
+
+        if isinstance(server_hostname, six.text_type):  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+            server_hostname = server_hostname.encode("utf-8")
+
+        if server_hostname is not None:
+            cnx.set_tlsext_host_name(server_hostname)
+
+        cnx.set_connect_state()
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                cnx.do_handshake()
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.WantReadError:
+                if not util.wait_for_read(sock, sock.gettimeout()):
+                    raise timeout("select timed out")
+                continue
+            except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
+                raise ssl.SSLError("bad handshake: %r" % e)
+            break
+
+        return WrappedSocket(cnx, sock)
+
+
+def _verify_callback(cnx, x509, err_no, err_depth, return_code):
+    return err_no == 0
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/securetransport.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/securetransport.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..554c015
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/securetransport.py
@@ -0,0 +1,922 @@
+"""
+SecureTranport support for urllib3 via ctypes.
+
+This makes platform-native TLS available to urllib3 users on macOS without the
+use of a compiler. This is an important feature because the Python Package
+Index is moving to become a TLSv1.2-or-higher server, and the default OpenSSL
+that ships with macOS is not capable of doing TLSv1.2. The only way to resolve
+this is to give macOS users an alternative solution to the problem, and that
+solution is to use SecureTransport.
+
+We use ctypes here because this solution must not require a compiler. That's
+because pip is not allowed to require a compiler either.
+
+This is not intended to be a seriously long-term solution to this problem.
+The hope is that PEP 543 will eventually solve this issue for us, at which
+point we can retire this contrib module. But in the short term, we need to
+solve the impending tire fire that is Python on Mac without this kind of
+contrib module. So...here we are.
+
+To use this module, simply import and inject it::
+
+    import urllib3.contrib.securetransport
+    urllib3.contrib.securetransport.inject_into_urllib3()
+
+Happy TLSing!
+
+This code is a bastardised version of the code found in Will Bond's oscrypto
+library. An enormous debt is owed to him for blazing this trail for us. For
+that reason, this code should be considered to be covered both by urllib3's
+license and by oscrypto's:
+
+.. code-block::
+
+    Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Will Bond <will@wbond.net>
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+    copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+    to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+    the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+    and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+    Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+    all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+    AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+    FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+    DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import contextlib
+import ctypes
+import errno
+import os.path
+import shutil
+import socket
+import ssl
+import struct
+import threading
+import weakref
+
+import six
+
+from .. import util
+from ..util.ssl_ import PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
+from ._securetransport.bindings import CoreFoundation, Security, SecurityConst
+from ._securetransport.low_level import (
+    _assert_no_error,
+    _build_tls_unknown_ca_alert,
+    _cert_array_from_pem,
+    _create_cfstring_array,
+    _load_client_cert_chain,
+    _temporary_keychain,
+)
+
+try:  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+    from socket import _fileobject
+except ImportError:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+    _fileobject = None
+    from ..packages.backports.makefile import backport_makefile
+
+__all__ = ["inject_into_urllib3", "extract_from_urllib3"]
+
+# SNI always works
+HAS_SNI = True
+
+orig_util_HAS_SNI = util.HAS_SNI
+orig_util_SSLContext = util.ssl_.SSLContext
+
+# This dictionary is used by the read callback to obtain a handle to the
+# calling wrapped socket. This is a pretty silly approach, but for now it'll
+# do. I feel like I should be able to smuggle a handle to the wrapped socket
+# directly in the SSLConnectionRef, but for now this approach will work I
+# guess.
+#
+# We need to lock around this structure for inserts, but we don't do it for
+# reads/writes in the callbacks. The reasoning here goes as follows:
+#
+#    1. It is not possible to call into the callbacks before the dictionary is
+#       populated, so once in the callback the id must be in the dictionary.
+#    2. The callbacks don't mutate the dictionary, they only read from it, and
+#       so cannot conflict with any of the insertions.
+#
+# This is good: if we had to lock in the callbacks we'd drastically slow down
+# the performance of this code.
+_connection_refs = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
+_connection_ref_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+# Limit writes to 16kB. This is OpenSSL's limit, but we'll cargo-cult it over
+# for no better reason than we need *a* limit, and this one is right there.
+SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE = 16384
+
+# This is our equivalent of util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS, but expanded out to
+# individual cipher suites. We need to do this because this is how
+# SecureTransport wants them.
+CIPHER_SUITES = [
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+    SecurityConst.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+]
+
+# Basically this is simple: for PROTOCOL_SSLv23 we turn it into a low of
+# TLSv1 and a high of TLSv1.2. For everything else, we pin to that version.
+# TLSv1 to 1.2 are supported on macOS 10.8+
+_protocol_to_min_max = {
+    util.PROTOCOL_TLS: (SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1, SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12),
+    PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT: (SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1, SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12),
+}
+
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_SSLv2"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv2] = (
+        SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol2,
+        SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol2,
+    )
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_SSLv3"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv3] = (
+        SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol3,
+        SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol3,
+    )
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1] = (
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1,
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1,
+    )
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1] = (
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol11,
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol11,
+    )
+if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2"):
+    _protocol_to_min_max[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2] = (
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12,
+        SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12,
+    )
+
+
+def inject_into_urllib3():
+    """
+    Monkey-patch urllib3 with SecureTransport-backed SSL-support.
+    """
+    util.SSLContext = SecureTransportContext
+    util.ssl_.SSLContext = SecureTransportContext
+    util.HAS_SNI = HAS_SNI
+    util.ssl_.HAS_SNI = HAS_SNI
+    util.IS_SECURETRANSPORT = True
+    util.ssl_.IS_SECURETRANSPORT = True
+
+
+def extract_from_urllib3():
+    """
+    Undo monkey-patching by :func:`inject_into_urllib3`.
+    """
+    util.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
+    util.ssl_.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
+    util.HAS_SNI = orig_util_HAS_SNI
+    util.ssl_.HAS_SNI = orig_util_HAS_SNI
+    util.IS_SECURETRANSPORT = False
+    util.ssl_.IS_SECURETRANSPORT = False
+
+
+def _read_callback(connection_id, data_buffer, data_length_pointer):
+    """
+    SecureTransport read callback. This is called by ST to request that data
+    be returned from the socket.
+    """
+    wrapped_socket = None
+    try:
+        wrapped_socket = _connection_refs.get(connection_id)
+        if wrapped_socket is None:
+            return SecurityConst.errSSLInternal
+        base_socket = wrapped_socket.socket
+
+        requested_length = data_length_pointer[0]
+
+        timeout = wrapped_socket.gettimeout()
+        error = None
+        read_count = 0
+
+        try:
+            while read_count < requested_length:
+                if timeout is None or timeout >= 0:
+                    if not util.wait_for_read(base_socket, timeout):
+                        raise socket.error(errno.EAGAIN, "timed out")
+
+                remaining = requested_length - read_count
+                buffer = (ctypes.c_char * remaining).from_address(
+                    data_buffer + read_count
+                )
+                chunk_size = base_socket.recv_into(buffer, remaining)
+                read_count += chunk_size
+                if not chunk_size:
+                    if not read_count:
+                        return SecurityConst.errSSLClosedGraceful
+                    break
+        except (socket.error) as e:
+            error = e.errno
+
+            if error is not None and error != errno.EAGAIN:
+                data_length_pointer[0] = read_count
+                if error == errno.ECONNRESET or error == errno.EPIPE:
+                    return SecurityConst.errSSLClosedAbort
+                raise
+
+        data_length_pointer[0] = read_count
+
+        if read_count != requested_length:
+            return SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock
+
+        return 0
+    except Exception as e:
+        if wrapped_socket is not None:
+            wrapped_socket._exception = e
+        return SecurityConst.errSSLInternal
+
+
+def _write_callback(connection_id, data_buffer, data_length_pointer):
+    """
+    SecureTransport write callback. This is called by ST to request that data
+    actually be sent on the network.
+    """
+    wrapped_socket = None
+    try:
+        wrapped_socket = _connection_refs.get(connection_id)
+        if wrapped_socket is None:
+            return SecurityConst.errSSLInternal
+        base_socket = wrapped_socket.socket
+
+        bytes_to_write = data_length_pointer[0]
+        data = ctypes.string_at(data_buffer, bytes_to_write)
+
+        timeout = wrapped_socket.gettimeout()
+        error = None
+        sent = 0
+
+        try:
+            while sent < bytes_to_write:
+                if timeout is None or timeout >= 0:
+                    if not util.wait_for_write(base_socket, timeout):
+                        raise socket.error(errno.EAGAIN, "timed out")
+                chunk_sent = base_socket.send(data)
+                sent += chunk_sent
+
+                # This has some needless copying here, but I'm not sure there's
+                # much value in optimising this data path.
+                data = data[chunk_sent:]
+        except (socket.error) as e:
+            error = e.errno
+
+            if error is not None and error != errno.EAGAIN:
+                data_length_pointer[0] = sent
+                if error == errno.ECONNRESET or error == errno.EPIPE:
+                    return SecurityConst.errSSLClosedAbort
+                raise
+
+        data_length_pointer[0] = sent
+
+        if sent != bytes_to_write:
+            return SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock
+
+        return 0
+    except Exception as e:
+        if wrapped_socket is not None:
+            wrapped_socket._exception = e
+        return SecurityConst.errSSLInternal
+
+
+# We need to keep these two objects references alive: if they get GC'd while
+# in use then SecureTransport could attempt to call a function that is in freed
+# memory. That would be...uh...bad. Yeah, that's the word. Bad.
+_read_callback_pointer = Security.SSLReadFunc(_read_callback)
+_write_callback_pointer = Security.SSLWriteFunc(_write_callback)
+
+
+class WrappedSocket(object):
+    """
+    API-compatibility wrapper for Python's OpenSSL wrapped socket object.
+
+    Note: _makefile_refs, _drop(), and _reuse() are needed for the garbage
+    collector of PyPy.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, socket):
+        self.socket = socket
+        self.context = None
+        self._makefile_refs = 0
+        self._closed = False
+        self._exception = None
+        self._keychain = None
+        self._keychain_dir = None
+        self._client_cert_chain = None
+
+        # We save off the previously-configured timeout and then set it to
+        # zero. This is done because we use select and friends to handle the
+        # timeouts, but if we leave the timeout set on the lower socket then
+        # Python will "kindly" call select on that socket again for us. Avoid
+        # that by forcing the timeout to zero.
+        self._timeout = self.socket.gettimeout()
+        self.socket.settimeout(0)
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _raise_on_error(self):
+        """
+        A context manager that can be used to wrap calls that do I/O from
+        SecureTransport. If any of the I/O callbacks hit an exception, this
+        context manager will correctly propagate the exception after the fact.
+        This avoids silently swallowing those exceptions.
+
+        It also correctly forces the socket closed.
+        """
+        self._exception = None
+
+        # We explicitly don't catch around this yield because in the unlikely
+        # event that an exception was hit in the block we don't want to swallow
+        # it.
+        yield
+        if self._exception is not None:
+            exception, self._exception = self._exception, None
+            self.close()
+            raise exception
+
+    def _set_ciphers(self):
+        """
+        Sets up the allowed ciphers. By default this matches the set in
+        util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS, at least as supported by macOS. This is done
+        custom and doesn't allow changing at this time, mostly because parsing
+        OpenSSL cipher strings is going to be a freaking nightmare.
+        """
+        ciphers = (Security.SSLCipherSuite * len(CIPHER_SUITES))(*CIPHER_SUITES)
+        result = Security.SSLSetEnabledCiphers(
+            self.context, ciphers, len(CIPHER_SUITES)
+        )
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+    def _set_alpn_protocols(self, protocols):
+        """
+        Sets up the ALPN protocols on the context.
+        """
+        if not protocols:
+            return
+        protocols_arr = _create_cfstring_array(protocols)
+        try:
+            result = Security.SSLSetALPNProtocols(self.context, protocols_arr)
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+        finally:
+            CoreFoundation.CFRelease(protocols_arr)
+
+    def _custom_validate(self, verify, trust_bundle):
+        """
+        Called when we have set custom validation. We do this in two cases:
+        first, when cert validation is entirely disabled; and second, when
+        using a custom trust DB.
+        Raises an SSLError if the connection is not trusted.
+        """
+        # If we disabled cert validation, just say: cool.
+        if not verify:
+            return
+
+        successes = (
+            SecurityConst.kSecTrustResultUnspecified,
+            SecurityConst.kSecTrustResultProceed,
+        )
+        try:
+            trust_result = self._evaluate_trust(trust_bundle)
+            if trust_result in successes:
+                return
+            reason = "error code: %d" % (trust_result,)
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Do not trust on error
+            reason = "exception: %r" % (e,)
+
+        # SecureTransport does not send an alert nor shuts down the connection.
+        rec = _build_tls_unknown_ca_alert(self.version())
+        self.socket.sendall(rec)
+        # close the connection immediately
+        # l_onoff = 1, activate linger
+        # l_linger = 0, linger for 0 seoncds
+        opts = struct.pack("ii", 1, 0)
+        self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_LINGER, opts)
+        self.close()
+        raise ssl.SSLError("certificate verify failed, %s" % reason)
+
+    def _evaluate_trust(self, trust_bundle):
+        # We want data in memory, so load it up.
+        if os.path.isfile(trust_bundle):
+            with open(trust_bundle, "rb") as f:
+                trust_bundle = f.read()
+
+        cert_array = None
+        trust = Security.SecTrustRef()
+
+        try:
+            # Get a CFArray that contains the certs we want.
+            cert_array = _cert_array_from_pem(trust_bundle)
+
+            # Ok, now the hard part. We want to get the SecTrustRef that ST has
+            # created for this connection, shove our CAs into it, tell ST to
+            # ignore everything else it knows, and then ask if it can build a
+            # chain. This is a buuuunch of code.
+            result = Security.SSLCopyPeerTrust(self.context, ctypes.byref(trust))
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+            if not trust:
+                raise ssl.SSLError("Failed to copy trust reference")
+
+            result = Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificates(trust, cert_array)
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+            result = Security.SecTrustSetAnchorCertificatesOnly(trust, True)
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+            trust_result = Security.SecTrustResultType()
+            result = Security.SecTrustEvaluate(trust, ctypes.byref(trust_result))
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+        finally:
+            if trust:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(trust)
+
+            if cert_array is not None:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(cert_array)
+
+        return trust_result.value
+
+    def handshake(
+        self,
+        server_hostname,
+        verify,
+        trust_bundle,
+        min_version,
+        max_version,
+        client_cert,
+        client_key,
+        client_key_passphrase,
+        alpn_protocols,
+    ):
+        """
+        Actually performs the TLS handshake. This is run automatically by
+        wrapped socket, and shouldn't be needed in user code.
+        """
+        # First, we do the initial bits of connection setup. We need to create
+        # a context, set its I/O funcs, and set the connection reference.
+        self.context = Security.SSLCreateContext(
+            None, SecurityConst.kSSLClientSide, SecurityConst.kSSLStreamType
+        )
+        result = Security.SSLSetIOFuncs(
+            self.context, _read_callback_pointer, _write_callback_pointer
+        )
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # Here we need to compute the handle to use. We do this by taking the
+        # id of self modulo 2**31 - 1. If this is already in the dictionary, we
+        # just keep incrementing by one until we find a free space.
+        with _connection_ref_lock:
+            handle = id(self) % 2147483647
+            while handle in _connection_refs:
+                handle = (handle + 1) % 2147483647
+            _connection_refs[handle] = self
+
+        result = Security.SSLSetConnection(self.context, handle)
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # If we have a server hostname, we should set that too.
+        if server_hostname:
+            if not isinstance(server_hostname, bytes):
+                server_hostname = server_hostname.encode("utf-8")
+
+            result = Security.SSLSetPeerDomainName(
+                self.context, server_hostname, len(server_hostname)
+            )
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # Setup the ciphers.
+        self._set_ciphers()
+
+        # Setup the ALPN protocols.
+        self._set_alpn_protocols(alpn_protocols)
+
+        # Set the minimum and maximum TLS versions.
+        result = Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMin(self.context, min_version)
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        result = Security.SSLSetProtocolVersionMax(self.context, max_version)
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # If there's a trust DB, we need to use it. We do that by telling
+        # SecureTransport to break on server auth. We also do that if we don't
+        # want to validate the certs at all: we just won't actually do any
+        # authing in that case.
+        if not verify or trust_bundle is not None:
+            result = Security.SSLSetSessionOption(
+                self.context, SecurityConst.kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnServerAuth, True
+            )
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # If there's a client cert, we need to use it.
+        if client_cert:
+            self._keychain, self._keychain_dir = _temporary_keychain()
+            self._client_cert_chain = _load_client_cert_chain(
+                self._keychain, client_cert, client_key
+            )
+            result = Security.SSLSetCertificate(self.context, self._client_cert_chain)
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        while True:
+            with self._raise_on_error():
+                result = Security.SSLHandshake(self.context)
+
+                if result == SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock:
+                    raise socket.timeout("handshake timed out")
+                elif result == SecurityConst.errSSLServerAuthCompleted:
+                    self._custom_validate(verify, trust_bundle)
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    _assert_no_error(result)
+                    break
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        return self.socket.fileno()
+
+    # Copy-pasted from Python 3.5 source code
+    def _decref_socketios(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs > 0:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+        if self._closed:
+            self.close()
+
+    def recv(self, bufsiz):
+        buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(bufsiz)
+        bytes_read = self.recv_into(buffer, bufsiz)
+        data = buffer[:bytes_read]
+        return data
+
+    def recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None):
+        # Read short on EOF.
+        if self._closed:
+            return 0
+
+        if nbytes is None:
+            nbytes = len(buffer)
+
+        buffer = (ctypes.c_char * nbytes).from_buffer(buffer)
+        processed_bytes = ctypes.c_size_t(0)
+
+        with self._raise_on_error():
+            result = Security.SSLRead(
+                self.context, buffer, nbytes, ctypes.byref(processed_bytes)
+            )
+
+        # There are some result codes that we want to treat as "not always
+        # errors". Specifically, those are errSSLWouldBlock,
+        # errSSLClosedGraceful, and errSSLClosedNoNotify.
+        if result == SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock:
+            # If we didn't process any bytes, then this was just a time out.
+            # However, we can get errSSLWouldBlock in situations when we *did*
+            # read some data, and in those cases we should just read "short"
+            # and return.
+            if processed_bytes.value == 0:
+                # Timed out, no data read.
+                raise socket.timeout("recv timed out")
+        elif result in (
+            SecurityConst.errSSLClosedGraceful,
+            SecurityConst.errSSLClosedNoNotify,
+        ):
+            # The remote peer has closed this connection. We should do so as
+            # well. Note that we don't actually return here because in
+            # principle this could actually be fired along with return data.
+            # It's unlikely though.
+            self.close()
+        else:
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # Ok, we read and probably succeeded. We should return whatever data
+        # was actually read.
+        return processed_bytes.value
+
+    def settimeout(self, timeout):
+        self._timeout = timeout
+
+    def gettimeout(self):
+        return self._timeout
+
+    def send(self, data):
+        processed_bytes = ctypes.c_size_t(0)
+
+        with self._raise_on_error():
+            result = Security.SSLWrite(
+                self.context, data, len(data), ctypes.byref(processed_bytes)
+            )
+
+        if result == SecurityConst.errSSLWouldBlock and processed_bytes.value == 0:
+            # Timed out
+            raise socket.timeout("send timed out")
+        else:
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+
+        # We sent, and probably succeeded. Tell them how much we sent.
+        return processed_bytes.value
+
+    def sendall(self, data):
+        total_sent = 0
+        while total_sent < len(data):
+            sent = self.send(data[total_sent : total_sent + SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE])
+            total_sent += sent
+
+    def shutdown(self):
+        with self._raise_on_error():
+            Security.SSLClose(self.context)
+
+    def close(self):
+        # TODO: should I do clean shutdown here? Do I have to?
+        if self._makefile_refs < 1:
+            self._closed = True
+            if self.context:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(self.context)
+                self.context = None
+            if self._client_cert_chain:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(self._client_cert_chain)
+                self._client_cert_chain = None
+            if self._keychain:
+                Security.SecKeychainDelete(self._keychain)
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(self._keychain)
+                shutil.rmtree(self._keychain_dir)
+                self._keychain = self._keychain_dir = None
+            return self.socket.close()
+        else:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+
+    def getpeercert(self, binary_form=False):
+        # Urgh, annoying.
+        #
+        # Here's how we do this:
+        #
+        # 1. Call SSLCopyPeerTrust to get hold of the trust object for this
+        #    connection.
+        # 2. Call SecTrustGetCertificateAtIndex for index 0 to get the leaf.
+        # 3. To get the CN, call SecCertificateCopyCommonName and process that
+        #    string so that it's of the appropriate type.
+        # 4. To get the SAN, we need to do something a bit more complex:
+        #    a. Call SecCertificateCopyValues to get the data, requesting
+        #       kSecOIDSubjectAltName.
+        #    b. Mess about with this dictionary to try to get the SANs out.
+        #
+        # This is gross. Really gross. It's going to be a few hundred LoC extra
+        # just to repeat something that SecureTransport can *already do*. So my
+        # operating assumption at this time is that what we want to do is
+        # instead to just flag to urllib3 that it shouldn't do its own hostname
+        # validation when using SecureTransport.
+        if not binary_form:
+            raise ValueError("SecureTransport only supports dumping binary certs")
+        trust = Security.SecTrustRef()
+        certdata = None
+        der_bytes = None
+
+        try:
+            # Grab the trust store.
+            result = Security.SSLCopyPeerTrust(self.context, ctypes.byref(trust))
+            _assert_no_error(result)
+            if not trust:
+                # Probably we haven't done the handshake yet. No biggie.
+                return None
+
+            cert_count = Security.SecTrustGetCertificateCount(trust)
+            if not cert_count:
+                # Also a case that might happen if we haven't handshaked.
+                # Handshook? Handshaken?
+                return None
+
+            leaf = Security.SecTrustGetCertificateAtIndex(trust, 0)
+            assert leaf
+
+            # Ok, now we want the DER bytes.
+            certdata = Security.SecCertificateCopyData(leaf)
+            assert certdata
+
+            data_length = CoreFoundation.CFDataGetLength(certdata)
+            data_buffer = CoreFoundation.CFDataGetBytePtr(certdata)
+            der_bytes = ctypes.string_at(data_buffer, data_length)
+        finally:
+            if certdata:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(certdata)
+            if trust:
+                CoreFoundation.CFRelease(trust)
+
+        return der_bytes
+
+    def version(self):
+        protocol = Security.SSLProtocol()
+        result = Security.SSLGetNegotiatedProtocolVersion(
+            self.context, ctypes.byref(protocol)
+        )
+        _assert_no_error(result)
+        if protocol.value == SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol13:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("SecureTransport does not support TLS 1.3")
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol12:
+            return "TLSv1.2"
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol11:
+            return "TLSv1.1"
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kTLSProtocol1:
+            return "TLSv1"
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol3:
+            return "SSLv3"
+        elif protocol.value == SecurityConst.kSSLProtocol2:
+            return "SSLv2"
+        else:
+            raise ssl.SSLError("Unknown TLS version: %r" % protocol)
+
+    def _reuse(self):
+        self._makefile_refs += 1
+
+    def _drop(self):
+        if self._makefile_refs < 1:
+            self.close()
+        else:
+            self._makefile_refs -= 1
+
+
+if _fileobject:  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+
+    def makefile(self, mode, bufsize=-1):
+        self._makefile_refs += 1
+        return _fileobject(self, mode, bufsize, close=True)
+
+
+else:  # Platform-specific: Python 3
+
+    def makefile(self, mode="r", buffering=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        # We disable buffering with SecureTransport because it conflicts with
+        # the buffering that ST does internally (see issue #1153 for more).
+        buffering = 0
+        return backport_makefile(self, mode, buffering, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+WrappedSocket.makefile = makefile
+
+
+class SecureTransportContext(object):
+    """
+    I am a wrapper class for the SecureTransport library, to translate the
+    interface of the standard library ``SSLContext`` object to calls into
+    SecureTransport.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, protocol):
+        self._min_version, self._max_version = _protocol_to_min_max[protocol]
+        self._options = 0
+        self._verify = False
+        self._trust_bundle = None
+        self._client_cert = None
+        self._client_key = None
+        self._client_key_passphrase = None
+        self._alpn_protocols = None
+
+    @property
+    def check_hostname(self):
+        """
+        SecureTransport cannot have its hostname checking disabled. For more,
+        see the comment on getpeercert() in this file.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    @check_hostname.setter
+    def check_hostname(self, value):
+        """
+        SecureTransport cannot have its hostname checking disabled. For more,
+        see the comment on getpeercert() in this file.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    def options(self):
+        # TODO: Well, crap.
+        #
+        # So this is the bit of the code that is the most likely to cause us
+        # trouble. Essentially we need to enumerate all of the SSL options that
+        # users might want to use and try to see if we can sensibly translate
+        # them, or whether we should just ignore them.
+        return self._options
+
+    @options.setter
+    def options(self, value):
+        # TODO: Update in line with above.
+        self._options = value
+
+    @property
+    def verify_mode(self):
+        return ssl.CERT_REQUIRED if self._verify else ssl.CERT_NONE
+
+    @verify_mode.setter
+    def verify_mode(self, value):
+        self._verify = True if value == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED else False
+
+    def set_default_verify_paths(self):
+        # So, this has to do something a bit weird. Specifically, what it does
+        # is nothing.
+        #
+        # This means that, if we had previously had load_verify_locations
+        # called, this does not undo that. We need to do that because it turns
+        # out that the rest of the urllib3 code will attempt to load the
+        # default verify paths if it hasn't been told about any paths, even if
+        # the context itself was sometime earlier. We resolve that by just
+        # ignoring it.
+        pass
+
+    def load_default_certs(self):
+        return self.set_default_verify_paths()
+
+    def set_ciphers(self, ciphers):
+        # For now, we just require the default cipher string.
+        if ciphers != util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS:
+            raise ValueError("SecureTransport doesn't support custom cipher strings")
+
+    def load_verify_locations(self, cafile=None, capath=None, cadata=None):
+        # OK, we only really support cadata and cafile.
+        if capath is not None:
+            raise ValueError("SecureTransport does not support cert directories")
+
+        # Raise if cafile does not exist.
+        if cafile is not None:
+            with open(cafile):
+                pass
+
+        self._trust_bundle = cafile or cadata
+
+    def load_cert_chain(self, certfile, keyfile=None, password=None):
+        self._client_cert = certfile
+        self._client_key = keyfile
+        self._client_cert_passphrase = password
+
+    def set_alpn_protocols(self, protocols):
+        """
+        Sets the ALPN protocols that will later be set on the context.
+
+        Raises a NotImplementedError if ALPN is not supported.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(Security, "SSLSetALPNProtocols"):
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "SecureTransport supports ALPN only in macOS 10.12+"
+            )
+        self._alpn_protocols = [six.ensure_binary(p) for p in protocols]
+
+    def wrap_socket(
+        self,
+        sock,
+        server_side=False,
+        do_handshake_on_connect=True,
+        suppress_ragged_eofs=True,
+        server_hostname=None,
+    ):
+        # So, what do we do here? Firstly, we assert some properties. This is a
+        # stripped down shim, so there is some functionality we don't support.
+        # See PEP 543 for the real deal.
+        assert not server_side
+        assert do_handshake_on_connect
+        assert suppress_ragged_eofs
+
+        # Ok, we're good to go. Now we want to create the wrapped socket object
+        # and store it in the appropriate place.
+        wrapped_socket = WrappedSocket(sock)
+
+        # Now we can handshake
+        wrapped_socket.handshake(
+            server_hostname,
+            self._verify,
+            self._trust_bundle,
+            self._min_version,
+            self._max_version,
+            self._client_cert,
+            self._client_key,
+            self._client_key_passphrase,
+            self._alpn_protocols,
+        )
+        return wrapped_socket
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/socks.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/socks.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c326e80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/contrib/socks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+This module contains provisional support for SOCKS proxies from within
+urllib3. This module supports SOCKS4, SOCKS4A (an extension of SOCKS4), and
+SOCKS5. To enable its functionality, either install PySocks or install this
+module with the ``socks`` extra.
+
+The SOCKS implementation supports the full range of urllib3 features. It also
+supports the following SOCKS features:
+
+- SOCKS4A (``proxy_url='socks4a://...``)
+- SOCKS4 (``proxy_url='socks4://...``)
+- SOCKS5 with remote DNS (``proxy_url='socks5h://...``)
+- SOCKS5 with local DNS (``proxy_url='socks5://...``)
+- Usernames and passwords for the SOCKS proxy
+
+.. note::
+   It is recommended to use ``socks5h://`` or ``socks4a://`` schemes in
+   your ``proxy_url`` to ensure that DNS resolution is done from the remote
+   server instead of client-side when connecting to a domain name.
+
+SOCKS4 supports IPv4 and domain names with the SOCKS4A extension. SOCKS5
+supports IPv4, IPv6, and domain names.
+
+When connecting to a SOCKS4 proxy the ``username`` portion of the ``proxy_url``
+will be sent as the ``userid`` section of the SOCKS request:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    proxy_url="socks4a://<userid>@proxy-host"
+
+When connecting to a SOCKS5 proxy the ``username`` and ``password`` portion
+of the ``proxy_url`` will be sent as the username/password to authenticate
+with the proxy:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    proxy_url="socks5h://<username>:<password>@proxy-host"
+
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+try:
+    import socks
+except ImportError:
+    import warnings
+
+    from ..exceptions import DependencyWarning
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        (
+            "SOCKS support in urllib3 requires the installation of optional "
+            "dependencies: specifically, PySocks.  For more information, see "
+            "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/contrib.html#socks-proxies"
+        ),
+        DependencyWarning,
+    )
+    raise
+
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+from ..connection import HTTPConnection, HTTPSConnection
+from ..connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool
+from ..exceptions import ConnectTimeoutError, NewConnectionError
+from ..poolmanager import PoolManager
+from ..util.url import parse_url
+
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    ssl = None
+
+
+class SOCKSConnection(HTTPConnection):
+    """
+    A plain-text HTTP connection that connects via a SOCKS proxy.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._socks_options = kwargs.pop("_socks_options")
+        super(SOCKSConnection, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def _new_conn(self):
+        """
+        Establish a new connection via the SOCKS proxy.
+        """
+        extra_kw = {}
+        if self.source_address:
+            extra_kw["source_address"] = self.source_address
+
+        if self.socket_options:
+            extra_kw["socket_options"] = self.socket_options
+
+        try:
+            conn = socks.create_connection(
+                (self.host, self.port),
+                proxy_type=self._socks_options["socks_version"],
+                proxy_addr=self._socks_options["proxy_host"],
+                proxy_port=self._socks_options["proxy_port"],
+                proxy_username=self._socks_options["username"],
+                proxy_password=self._socks_options["password"],
+                proxy_rdns=self._socks_options["rdns"],
+                timeout=self.timeout,
+                **extra_kw
+            )
+
+        except SocketTimeout:
+            raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                self,
+                "Connection to %s timed out. (connect timeout=%s)"
+                % (self.host, self.timeout),
+            )
+
+        except socks.ProxyError as e:
+            # This is fragile as hell, but it seems to be the only way to raise
+            # useful errors here.
+            if e.socket_err:
+                error = e.socket_err
+                if isinstance(error, SocketTimeout):
+                    raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                        self,
+                        "Connection to %s timed out. (connect timeout=%s)"
+                        % (self.host, self.timeout),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    raise NewConnectionError(
+                        self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % error
+                    )
+            else:
+                raise NewConnectionError(
+                    self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e
+                )
+
+        except SocketError as e:  # Defensive: PySocks should catch all these.
+            raise NewConnectionError(
+                self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e
+            )
+
+        return conn
+
+
+# We don't need to duplicate the Verified/Unverified distinction from
+# urllib3/connection.py here because the HTTPSConnection will already have been
+# correctly set to either the Verified or Unverified form by that module. This
+# means the SOCKSHTTPSConnection will automatically be the correct type.
+class SOCKSHTTPSConnection(SOCKSConnection, HTTPSConnection):
+    pass
+
+
+class SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool(HTTPConnectionPool):
+    ConnectionCls = SOCKSConnection
+
+
+class SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool(HTTPSConnectionPool):
+    ConnectionCls = SOCKSHTTPSConnection
+
+
+class SOCKSProxyManager(PoolManager):
+    """
+    A version of the urllib3 ProxyManager that routes connections via the
+    defined SOCKS proxy.
+    """
+
+    pool_classes_by_scheme = {
+        "http": SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool,
+        "https": SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        proxy_url,
+        username=None,
+        password=None,
+        num_pools=10,
+        headers=None,
+        **connection_pool_kw
+    ):
+        parsed = parse_url(proxy_url)
+
+        if username is None and password is None and parsed.auth is not None:
+            split = parsed.auth.split(":")
+            if len(split) == 2:
+                username, password = split
+        if parsed.scheme == "socks5":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5
+            rdns = False
+        elif parsed.scheme == "socks5h":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5
+            rdns = True
+        elif parsed.scheme == "socks4":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS4
+            rdns = False
+        elif parsed.scheme == "socks4a":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS4
+            rdns = True
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unable to determine SOCKS version from %s" % proxy_url)
+
+        self.proxy_url = proxy_url
+
+        socks_options = {
+            "socks_version": socks_version,
+            "proxy_host": parsed.host,
+            "proxy_port": parsed.port,
+            "username": username,
+            "password": password,
+            "rdns": rdns,
+        }
+        connection_pool_kw["_socks_options"] = socks_options
+
+        super(SOCKSProxyManager, self).__init__(
+            num_pools, headers, **connection_pool_kw
+        )
+
+        self.pool_classes_by_scheme = SOCKSProxyManager.pool_classes_by_scheme
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cba6f3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from .packages.six.moves.http_client import IncompleteRead as httplib_IncompleteRead
+
+# Base Exceptions
+
+
+class HTTPError(Exception):
+    """Base exception used by this module."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class HTTPWarning(Warning):
+    """Base warning used by this module."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class PoolError(HTTPError):
+    """Base exception for errors caused within a pool."""
+
+    def __init__(self, pool, message):
+        self.pool = pool
+        HTTPError.__init__(self, "%s: %s" % (pool, message))
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # For pickling purposes.
+        return self.__class__, (None, None)
+
+
+class RequestError(PoolError):
+    """Base exception for PoolErrors that have associated URLs."""
+
+    def __init__(self, pool, url, message):
+        self.url = url
+        PoolError.__init__(self, pool, message)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        # For pickling purposes.
+        return self.__class__, (None, self.url, None)
+
+
+class SSLError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when SSL certificate fails in an HTTPS connection."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ProxyError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when the connection to a proxy fails."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message, error, *args):
+        super(ProxyError, self).__init__(message, error, *args)
+        self.original_error = error
+
+
+class DecodeError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when automatic decoding based on Content-Type fails."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ProtocolError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when something unexpected happens mid-request/response."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+#: Renamed to ProtocolError but aliased for backwards compatibility.
+ConnectionError = ProtocolError
+
+
+# Leaf Exceptions
+
+
+class MaxRetryError(RequestError):
+    """Raised when the maximum number of retries is exceeded.
+
+    :param pool: The connection pool
+    :type pool: :class:`~urllib3.connectionpool.HTTPConnectionPool`
+    :param string url: The requested Url
+    :param exceptions.Exception reason: The underlying error
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, pool, url, reason=None):
+        self.reason = reason
+
+        message = "Max retries exceeded with url: %s (Caused by %r)" % (url, reason)
+
+        RequestError.__init__(self, pool, url, message)
+
+
+class HostChangedError(RequestError):
+    """Raised when an existing pool gets a request for a foreign host."""
+
+    def __init__(self, pool, url, retries=3):
+        message = "Tried to open a foreign host with url: %s" % url
+        RequestError.__init__(self, pool, url, message)
+        self.retries = retries
+
+
+class TimeoutStateError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when passing an invalid state to a timeout"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class TimeoutError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised when a socket timeout error occurs.
+
+    Catching this error will catch both :exc:`ReadTimeoutErrors
+    <ReadTimeoutError>` and :exc:`ConnectTimeoutErrors <ConnectTimeoutError>`.
+    """
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ReadTimeoutError(TimeoutError, RequestError):
+    """Raised when a socket timeout occurs while receiving data from a server"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+# This timeout error does not have a URL attached and needs to inherit from the
+# base HTTPError
+class ConnectTimeoutError(TimeoutError):
+    """Raised when a socket timeout occurs while connecting to a server"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class NewConnectionError(ConnectTimeoutError, PoolError):
+    """Raised when we fail to establish a new connection. Usually ECONNREFUSED."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class EmptyPoolError(PoolError):
+    """Raised when a pool runs out of connections and no more are allowed."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ClosedPoolError(PoolError):
+    """Raised when a request enters a pool after the pool has been closed."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class LocationValueError(ValueError, HTTPError):
+    """Raised when there is something wrong with a given URL input."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class LocationParseError(LocationValueError):
+    """Raised when get_host or similar fails to parse the URL input."""
+
+    def __init__(self, location):
+        message = "Failed to parse: %s" % location
+        HTTPError.__init__(self, message)
+
+        self.location = location
+
+
+class URLSchemeUnknown(LocationValueError):
+    """Raised when a URL input has an unsupported scheme."""
+
+    def __init__(self, scheme):
+        message = "Not supported URL scheme %s" % scheme
+        super(URLSchemeUnknown, self).__init__(message)
+
+        self.scheme = scheme
+
+
+class ResponseError(HTTPError):
+    """Used as a container for an error reason supplied in a MaxRetryError."""
+
+    GENERIC_ERROR = "too many error responses"
+    SPECIFIC_ERROR = "too many {status_code} error responses"
+
+
+class SecurityWarning(HTTPWarning):
+    """Warned when performing security reducing actions"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class SubjectAltNameWarning(SecurityWarning):
+    """Warned when connecting to a host with a certificate missing a SAN."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class InsecureRequestWarning(SecurityWarning):
+    """Warned when making an unverified HTTPS request."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class SystemTimeWarning(SecurityWarning):
+    """Warned when system time is suspected to be wrong"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class InsecurePlatformWarning(SecurityWarning):
+    """Warned when certain TLS/SSL configuration is not available on a platform."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class SNIMissingWarning(HTTPWarning):
+    """Warned when making a HTTPS request without SNI available."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class DependencyWarning(HTTPWarning):
+    """
+    Warned when an attempt is made to import a module with missing optional
+    dependencies.
+    """
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ResponseNotChunked(ProtocolError, ValueError):
+    """Response needs to be chunked in order to read it as chunks."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class BodyNotHttplibCompatible(HTTPError):
+    """
+    Body should be :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` like
+    (have an fp attribute which returns raw chunks) for read_chunked().
+    """
+
+    pass
+
+
+class IncompleteRead(HTTPError, httplib_IncompleteRead):
+    """
+    Response length doesn't match expected Content-Length
+
+    Subclass of :class:`http.client.IncompleteRead` to allow int value
+    for ``partial`` to avoid creating large objects on streamed reads.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, partial, expected):
+        super(IncompleteRead, self).__init__(partial, expected)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "IncompleteRead(%i bytes read, %i more expected)" % (
+            self.partial,
+            self.expected,
+        )
+
+
+class InvalidChunkLength(HTTPError, httplib_IncompleteRead):
+    """Invalid chunk length in a chunked response."""
+
+    def __init__(self, response, length):
+        super(InvalidChunkLength, self).__init__(
+            response.tell(), response.length_remaining
+        )
+        self.response = response
+        self.length = length
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "InvalidChunkLength(got length %r, %i bytes read)" % (
+            self.length,
+            self.partial,
+        )
+
+
+class InvalidHeader(HTTPError):
+    """The header provided was somehow invalid."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class ProxySchemeUnknown(AssertionError, URLSchemeUnknown):
+    """ProxyManager does not support the supplied scheme"""
+
+    # TODO(t-8ch): Stop inheriting from AssertionError in v2.0.
+
+    def __init__(self, scheme):
+        # 'localhost' is here because our URL parser parses
+        # localhost:8080 -> scheme=localhost, remove if we fix this.
+        if scheme == "localhost":
+            scheme = None
+        if scheme is None:
+            message = "Proxy URL had no scheme, should start with http:// or https://"
+        else:
+            message = (
+                "Proxy URL had unsupported scheme %s, should use http:// or https://"
+                % scheme
+            )
+        super(ProxySchemeUnknown, self).__init__(message)
+
+
+class ProxySchemeUnsupported(ValueError):
+    """Fetching HTTPS resources through HTTPS proxies is unsupported"""
+
+    pass
+
+
+class HeaderParsingError(HTTPError):
+    """Raised by assert_header_parsing, but we convert it to a log.warning statement."""
+
+    def __init__(self, defects, unparsed_data):
+        message = "%s, unparsed data: %r" % (defects or "Unknown", unparsed_data)
+        super(HeaderParsingError, self).__init__(message)
+
+
+class UnrewindableBodyError(HTTPError):
+    """urllib3 encountered an error when trying to rewind a body"""
+
+    pass
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/fields.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/fields.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d630f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/fields.py
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import email.utils
+import mimetypes
+import re
+
+from .packages import six
+
+
+def guess_content_type(filename, default="application/octet-stream"):
+    """
+    Guess the "Content-Type" of a file.
+
+    :param filename:
+        The filename to guess the "Content-Type" of using :mod:`mimetypes`.
+    :param default:
+        If no "Content-Type" can be guessed, default to `default`.
+    """
+    if filename:
+        return mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or default
+    return default
+
+
+def format_header_param_rfc2231(name, value):
+    """
+    Helper function to format and quote a single header parameter using the
+    strategy defined in RFC 2231.
+
+    Particularly useful for header parameters which might contain
+    non-ASCII values, like file names. This follows
+    `RFC 2388 Section 4.4 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2388#section-4.4>`_.
+
+    :param name:
+        The name of the parameter, a string expected to be ASCII only.
+    :param value:
+        The value of the parameter, provided as ``bytes`` or `str``.
+    :ret:
+        An RFC-2231-formatted unicode string.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, six.binary_type):
+        value = value.decode("utf-8")
+
+    if not any(ch in value for ch in '"\\\r\n'):
+        result = u'%s="%s"' % (name, value)
+        try:
+            result.encode("ascii")
+        except (UnicodeEncodeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+            pass
+        else:
+            return result
+
+    if six.PY2:  # Python 2:
+        value = value.encode("utf-8")
+
+    # encode_rfc2231 accepts an encoded string and returns an ascii-encoded
+    # string in Python 2 but accepts and returns unicode strings in Python 3
+    value = email.utils.encode_rfc2231(value, "utf-8")
+    value = "%s*=%s" % (name, value)
+
+    if six.PY2:  # Python 2:
+        value = value.decode("utf-8")
+
+    return value
+
+
+_HTML5_REPLACEMENTS = {
+    u"\u0022": u"%22",
+    # Replace "\" with "\\".
+    u"\u005C": u"\u005C\u005C",
+}
+
+# All control characters from 0x00 to 0x1F *except* 0x1B.
+_HTML5_REPLACEMENTS.update(
+    {
+        six.unichr(cc): u"%{:02X}".format(cc)
+        for cc in range(0x00, 0x1F + 1)
+        if cc not in (0x1B,)
+    }
+)
+
+
+def _replace_multiple(value, needles_and_replacements):
+    def replacer(match):
+        return needles_and_replacements[match.group(0)]
+
+    pattern = re.compile(
+        r"|".join([re.escape(needle) for needle in needles_and_replacements.keys()])
+    )
+
+    result = pattern.sub(replacer, value)
+
+    return result
+
+
+def format_header_param_html5(name, value):
+    """
+    Helper function to format and quote a single header parameter using the
+    HTML5 strategy.
+
+    Particularly useful for header parameters which might contain
+    non-ASCII values, like file names. This follows the `HTML5 Working Draft
+    Section 4.10.22.7`_ and matches the behavior of curl and modern browsers.
+
+    .. _HTML5 Working Draft Section 4.10.22.7:
+        https://w3c.github.io/html/sec-forms.html#multipart-form-data
+
+    :param name:
+        The name of the parameter, a string expected to be ASCII only.
+    :param value:
+        The value of the parameter, provided as ``bytes`` or `str``.
+    :ret:
+        A unicode string, stripped of troublesome characters.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, six.binary_type):
+        value = value.decode("utf-8")
+
+    value = _replace_multiple(value, _HTML5_REPLACEMENTS)
+
+    return u'%s="%s"' % (name, value)
+
+
+# For backwards-compatibility.
+format_header_param = format_header_param_html5
+
+
+class RequestField(object):
+    """
+    A data container for request body parameters.
+
+    :param name:
+        The name of this request field. Must be unicode.
+    :param data:
+        The data/value body.
+    :param filename:
+        An optional filename of the request field. Must be unicode.
+    :param headers:
+        An optional dict-like object of headers to initially use for the field.
+    :param header_formatter:
+        An optional callable that is used to encode and format the headers. By
+        default, this is :func:`format_header_param_html5`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name,
+        data,
+        filename=None,
+        headers=None,
+        header_formatter=format_header_param_html5,
+    ):
+        self._name = name
+        self._filename = filename
+        self.data = data
+        self.headers = {}
+        if headers:
+            self.headers = dict(headers)
+        self.header_formatter = header_formatter
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_tuples(cls, fieldname, value, header_formatter=format_header_param_html5):
+        """
+        A :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` factory from old-style tuple parameters.
+
+        Supports constructing :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` from
+        parameter of key/value strings AND key/filetuple. A filetuple is a
+        (filename, data, MIME type) tuple where the MIME type is optional.
+        For example::
+
+            'foo': 'bar',
+            'fakefile': ('foofile.txt', 'contents of foofile'),
+            'realfile': ('barfile.txt', open('realfile').read()),
+            'typedfile': ('bazfile.bin', open('bazfile').read(), 'image/jpeg'),
+            'nonamefile': 'contents of nonamefile field',
+
+        Field names and filenames must be unicode.
+        """
+        if isinstance(value, tuple):
+            if len(value) == 3:
+                filename, data, content_type = value
+            else:
+                filename, data = value
+                content_type = guess_content_type(filename)
+        else:
+            filename = None
+            content_type = None
+            data = value
+
+        request_param = cls(
+            fieldname, data, filename=filename, header_formatter=header_formatter
+        )
+        request_param.make_multipart(content_type=content_type)
+
+        return request_param
+
+    def _render_part(self, name, value):
+        """
+        Overridable helper function to format a single header parameter. By
+        default, this calls ``self.header_formatter``.
+
+        :param name:
+            The name of the parameter, a string expected to be ASCII only.
+        :param value:
+            The value of the parameter, provided as a unicode string.
+        """
+
+        return self.header_formatter(name, value)
+
+    def _render_parts(self, header_parts):
+        """
+        Helper function to format and quote a single header.
+
+        Useful for single headers that are composed of multiple items. E.g.,
+        'Content-Disposition' fields.
+
+        :param header_parts:
+            A sequence of (k, v) tuples or a :class:`dict` of (k, v) to format
+            as `k1="v1"; k2="v2"; ...`.
+        """
+        parts = []
+        iterable = header_parts
+        if isinstance(header_parts, dict):
+            iterable = header_parts.items()
+
+        for name, value in iterable:
+            if value is not None:
+                parts.append(self._render_part(name, value))
+
+        return u"; ".join(parts)
+
+    def render_headers(self):
+        """
+        Renders the headers for this request field.
+        """
+        lines = []
+
+        sort_keys = ["Content-Disposition", "Content-Type", "Content-Location"]
+        for sort_key in sort_keys:
+            if self.headers.get(sort_key, False):
+                lines.append(u"%s: %s" % (sort_key, self.headers[sort_key]))
+
+        for header_name, header_value in self.headers.items():
+            if header_name not in sort_keys:
+                if header_value:
+                    lines.append(u"%s: %s" % (header_name, header_value))
+
+        lines.append(u"\r\n")
+        return u"\r\n".join(lines)
+
+    def make_multipart(
+        self, content_disposition=None, content_type=None, content_location=None
+    ):
+        """
+        Makes this request field into a multipart request field.
+
+        This method overrides "Content-Disposition", "Content-Type" and
+        "Content-Location" headers to the request parameter.
+
+        :param content_type:
+            The 'Content-Type' of the request body.
+        :param content_location:
+            The 'Content-Location' of the request body.
+
+        """
+        self.headers["Content-Disposition"] = content_disposition or u"form-data"
+        self.headers["Content-Disposition"] += u"; ".join(
+            [
+                u"",
+                self._render_parts(
+                    ((u"name", self._name), (u"filename", self._filename))
+                ),
+            ]
+        )
+        self.headers["Content-Type"] = content_type
+        self.headers["Content-Location"] = content_location
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/filepost.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/filepost.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36c9252
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/filepost.py
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import binascii
+import codecs
+import os
+from io import BytesIO
+
+from .fields import RequestField
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six import b
+
+writer = codecs.lookup("utf-8")[3]
+
+
+def choose_boundary():
+    """
+    Our embarrassingly-simple replacement for mimetools.choose_boundary.
+    """
+    boundary = binascii.hexlify(os.urandom(16))
+    if not six.PY2:
+        boundary = boundary.decode("ascii")
+    return boundary
+
+
+def iter_field_objects(fields):
+    """
+    Iterate over fields.
+
+    Supports list of (k, v) tuples and dicts, and lists of
+    :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField`.
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(fields, dict):
+        i = six.iteritems(fields)
+    else:
+        i = iter(fields)
+
+    for field in i:
+        if isinstance(field, RequestField):
+            yield field
+        else:
+            yield RequestField.from_tuples(*field)
+
+
+def iter_fields(fields):
+    """
+    .. deprecated:: 1.6
+
+    Iterate over fields.
+
+    The addition of :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` makes this function
+    obsolete. Instead, use :func:`iter_field_objects`, which returns
+    :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` objects.
+
+    Supports list of (k, v) tuples and dicts.
+    """
+    if isinstance(fields, dict):
+        return ((k, v) for k, v in six.iteritems(fields))
+
+    return ((k, v) for k, v in fields)
+
+
+def encode_multipart_formdata(fields, boundary=None):
+    """
+    Encode a dictionary of ``fields`` using the multipart/form-data MIME format.
+
+    :param fields:
+        Dictionary of fields or list of (key, :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField`).
+
+    :param boundary:
+        If not specified, then a random boundary will be generated using
+        :func:`urllib3.filepost.choose_boundary`.
+    """
+    body = BytesIO()
+    if boundary is None:
+        boundary = choose_boundary()
+
+    for field in iter_field_objects(fields):
+        body.write(b("--%s\r\n" % (boundary)))
+
+        writer(body).write(field.render_headers())
+        data = field.data
+
+        if isinstance(data, int):
+            data = str(data)  # Backwards compatibility
+
+        if isinstance(data, six.text_type):
+            writer(body).write(data)
+        else:
+            body.write(data)
+
+        body.write(b"\r\n")
+
+    body.write(b("--%s--\r\n" % (boundary)))
+
+    content_type = str("multipart/form-data; boundary=%s" % boundary)
+
+    return body.getvalue(), content_type
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/backports/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/backports/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/backports/makefile.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/backports/makefile.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8fb215
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/backports/makefile.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+backports.makefile
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Backports the Python 3 ``socket.makefile`` method for use with anything that
+wants to create a "fake" socket object.
+"""
+import io
+from socket import SocketIO
+
+
+def backport_makefile(
+    self, mode="r", buffering=None, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None
+):
+    """
+    Backport of ``socket.makefile`` from Python 3.5.
+    """
+    if not set(mode) <= {"r", "w", "b"}:
+        raise ValueError("invalid mode %r (only r, w, b allowed)" % (mode,))
+    writing = "w" in mode
+    reading = "r" in mode or not writing
+    assert reading or writing
+    binary = "b" in mode
+    rawmode = ""
+    if reading:
+        rawmode += "r"
+    if writing:
+        rawmode += "w"
+    raw = SocketIO(self, rawmode)
+    self._makefile_refs += 1
+    if buffering is None:
+        buffering = -1
+    if buffering < 0:
+        buffering = io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE
+    if buffering == 0:
+        if not binary:
+            raise ValueError("unbuffered streams must be binary")
+        return raw
+    if reading and writing:
+        buffer = io.BufferedRWPair(raw, raw, buffering)
+    elif reading:
+        buffer = io.BufferedReader(raw, buffering)
+    else:
+        assert writing
+        buffer = io.BufferedWriter(raw, buffering)
+    if binary:
+        return buffer
+    text = io.TextIOWrapper(buffer, encoding, errors, newline)
+    text.mode = mode
+    return text
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/six.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/six.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba50acb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/packages/six.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1077 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2010-2020 Benjamin Peterson
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+"""Utilities for writing code that runs on Python 2 and 3"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import functools
+import itertools
+import operator
+import sys
+import types
+
+__author__ = "Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>"
+__version__ = "1.16.0"
+
+
+# Useful for very coarse version differentiation.
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+PY34 = sys.version_info[0:2] >= (3, 4)
+
+if PY3:
+    string_types = (str,)
+    integer_types = (int,)
+    class_types = (type,)
+    text_type = str
+    binary_type = bytes
+
+    MAXSIZE = sys.maxsize
+else:
+    string_types = (basestring,)
+    integer_types = (int, long)
+    class_types = (type, types.ClassType)
+    text_type = unicode
+    binary_type = str
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("java"):
+        # Jython always uses 32 bits.
+        MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+    else:
+        # It's possible to have sizeof(long) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t).
+        class X(object):
+            def __len__(self):
+                return 1 << 31
+
+        try:
+            len(X())
+        except OverflowError:
+            # 32-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+        else:
+            # 64-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 63) - 1)
+        del X
+
+if PY34:
+    from importlib.util import spec_from_loader
+else:
+    spec_from_loader = None
+
+
+def _add_doc(func, doc):
+    """Add documentation to a function."""
+    func.__doc__ = doc
+
+
+def _import_module(name):
+    """Import module, returning the module after the last dot."""
+    __import__(name)
+    return sys.modules[name]
+
+
+class _LazyDescr(object):
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, tp):
+        result = self._resolve()
+        setattr(obj, self.name, result)  # Invokes __set__.
+        try:
+            # This is a bit ugly, but it avoids running this again by
+            # removing this descriptor.
+            delattr(obj.__class__, self.name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        return result
+
+
+class MovedModule(_LazyDescr):
+    def __init__(self, name, old, new=None):
+        super(MovedModule, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new is None:
+                new = name
+            self.mod = new
+        else:
+            self.mod = old
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        return _import_module(self.mod)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        _module = self._resolve()
+        value = getattr(_module, attr)
+        setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return value
+
+
+class _LazyModule(types.ModuleType):
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        super(_LazyModule, self).__init__(name)
+        self.__doc__ = self.__class__.__doc__
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        attrs = ["__doc__", "__name__"]
+        attrs += [attr.name for attr in self._moved_attributes]
+        return attrs
+
+    # Subclasses should override this
+    _moved_attributes = []
+
+
+class MovedAttribute(_LazyDescr):
+    def __init__(self, name, old_mod, new_mod, old_attr=None, new_attr=None):
+        super(MovedAttribute, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new_mod is None:
+                new_mod = name
+            self.mod = new_mod
+            if new_attr is None:
+                if old_attr is None:
+                    new_attr = name
+                else:
+                    new_attr = old_attr
+            self.attr = new_attr
+        else:
+            self.mod = old_mod
+            if old_attr is None:
+                old_attr = name
+            self.attr = old_attr
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        module = _import_module(self.mod)
+        return getattr(module, self.attr)
+
+
+class _SixMetaPathImporter(object):
+
+    """
+    A meta path importer to import six.moves and its submodules.
+
+    This class implements a PEP302 finder and loader. It should be compatible
+    with Python 2.5 and all existing versions of Python3
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, six_module_name):
+        self.name = six_module_name
+        self.known_modules = {}
+
+    def _add_module(self, mod, *fullnames):
+        for fullname in fullnames:
+            self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname] = mod
+
+    def _get_module(self, fullname):
+        return self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname]
+
+    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
+        if fullname in self.known_modules:
+            return self
+        return None
+
+    def find_spec(self, fullname, path, target=None):
+        if fullname in self.known_modules:
+            return spec_from_loader(fullname, self)
+        return None
+
+    def __get_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            return self.known_modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ImportError("This loader does not know module " + fullname)
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            # in case of a reload
+            return sys.modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        mod = self.__get_module(fullname)
+        if isinstance(mod, MovedModule):
+            mod = mod._resolve()
+        else:
+            mod.__loader__ = self
+        sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+        return mod
+
+    def is_package(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Return true, if the named module is a package.
+
+        We need this method to get correct spec objects with
+        Python 3.4 (see PEP451)
+        """
+        return hasattr(self.__get_module(fullname), "__path__")
+
+    def get_code(self, fullname):
+        """Return None
+
+        Required, if is_package is implemented"""
+        self.__get_module(fullname)  # eventually raises ImportError
+        return None
+
+    get_source = get_code  # same as get_code
+
+    def create_module(self, spec):
+        return self.load_module(spec.name)
+
+    def exec_module(self, module):
+        pass
+
+
+_importer = _SixMetaPathImporter(__name__)
+
+
+class _MovedItems(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects"""
+
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+
+
+_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("cStringIO", "cStringIO", "io", "StringIO"),
+    MovedAttribute("filter", "itertools", "builtins", "ifilter", "filter"),
+    MovedAttribute(
+        "filterfalse", "itertools", "itertools", "ifilterfalse", "filterfalse"
+    ),
+    MovedAttribute("input", "__builtin__", "builtins", "raw_input", "input"),
+    MovedAttribute("intern", "__builtin__", "sys"),
+    MovedAttribute("map", "itertools", "builtins", "imap", "map"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwd", "os", "os", "getcwdu", "getcwd"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwdb", "os", "os", "getcwd", "getcwdb"),
+    MovedAttribute("getoutput", "commands", "subprocess"),
+    MovedAttribute("range", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute(
+        "reload_module", "__builtin__", "importlib" if PY34 else "imp", "reload"
+    ),
+    MovedAttribute("reduce", "__builtin__", "functools"),
+    MovedAttribute("shlex_quote", "pipes", "shlex", "quote"),
+    MovedAttribute("StringIO", "StringIO", "io"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserDict", "UserDict", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserList", "UserList", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserString", "UserString", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("xrange", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip", "itertools", "builtins", "izip", "zip"),
+    MovedAttribute(
+        "zip_longest", "itertools", "itertools", "izip_longest", "zip_longest"
+    ),
+    MovedModule("builtins", "__builtin__"),
+    MovedModule("configparser", "ConfigParser"),
+    MovedModule(
+        "collections_abc",
+        "collections",
+        "collections.abc" if sys.version_info >= (3, 3) else "collections",
+    ),
+    MovedModule("copyreg", "copy_reg"),
+    MovedModule("dbm_gnu", "gdbm", "dbm.gnu"),
+    MovedModule("dbm_ndbm", "dbm", "dbm.ndbm"),
+    MovedModule(
+        "_dummy_thread",
+        "dummy_thread",
+        "_dummy_thread" if sys.version_info < (3, 9) else "_thread",
+    ),
+    MovedModule("http_cookiejar", "cookielib", "http.cookiejar"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookies", "Cookie", "http.cookies"),
+    MovedModule("html_entities", "htmlentitydefs", "html.entities"),
+    MovedModule("html_parser", "HTMLParser", "html.parser"),
+    MovedModule("http_client", "httplib", "http.client"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_base", "email.MIMEBase", "email.mime.base"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_image", "email.MIMEImage", "email.mime.image"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_multipart", "email.MIMEMultipart", "email.mime.multipart"),
+    MovedModule(
+        "email_mime_nonmultipart", "email.MIMENonMultipart", "email.mime.nonmultipart"
+    ),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_text", "email.MIMEText", "email.mime.text"),
+    MovedModule("BaseHTTPServer", "BaseHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("CGIHTTPServer", "CGIHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("SimpleHTTPServer", "SimpleHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("cPickle", "cPickle", "pickle"),
+    MovedModule("queue", "Queue"),
+    MovedModule("reprlib", "repr"),
+    MovedModule("socketserver", "SocketServer"),
+    MovedModule("_thread", "thread", "_thread"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter", "Tkinter"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dialog", "Dialog", "tkinter.dialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_filedialog", "FileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_scrolledtext", "ScrolledText", "tkinter.scrolledtext"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_simpledialog", "SimpleDialog", "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tix", "Tix", "tkinter.tix"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_ttk", "ttk", "tkinter.ttk"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_constants", "Tkconstants", "tkinter.constants"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dnd", "Tkdnd", "tkinter.dnd"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_colorchooser", "tkColorChooser", "tkinter.colorchooser"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_commondialog", "tkCommonDialog", "tkinter.commondialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tkfiledialog", "tkFileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_font", "tkFont", "tkinter.font"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_messagebox", "tkMessageBox", "tkinter.messagebox"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tksimpledialog", "tkSimpleDialog", "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_parse", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_error", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_error", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedModule("urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_robotparser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_client", "xmlrpclib", "xmlrpc.client"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_server", "SimpleXMLRPCServer", "xmlrpc.server"),
+]
+# Add windows specific modules.
+if sys.platform == "win32":
+    _moved_attributes += [
+        MovedModule("winreg", "_winreg"),
+    ]
+
+for attr in _moved_attributes:
+    setattr(_MovedItems, attr.name, attr)
+    if isinstance(attr, MovedModule):
+        _importer._add_module(attr, "moves." + attr.name)
+del attr
+
+_MovedItems._moved_attributes = _moved_attributes
+
+moves = _MovedItems(__name__ + ".moves")
+_importer._add_module(moves, "moves")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_parse"""
+
+
+_urllib_parse_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("ParseResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("SplitResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qs", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qsl", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urldefrag", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urljoin", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute(
+        "unquote_to_bytes", "urllib", "urllib.parse", "unquote", "unquote_to_bytes"
+    ),
+    MovedAttribute("urlencode", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splitquery", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splittag", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splituser", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splitvalue", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_fragment", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_netloc", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_params", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_query", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_relative", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_parse_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_parse._moved_attributes = _urllib_parse_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(__name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse"),
+    "moves.urllib_parse",
+    "moves.urllib.parse",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_error(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_error"""
+
+
+_urllib_error_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("URLError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("ContentTooShortError", "urllib", "urllib.error"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_error_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_error, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_error._moved_attributes = _urllib_error_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_error(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.error"),
+    "moves.urllib_error",
+    "moves.urllib.error",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_request(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_request"""
+
+
+_urllib_request_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("urlopen", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("install_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("build_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("pathname2url", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("url2pathname", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("getproxies", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("Request", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("OpenerDirector", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDefaultErrorHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPRedirectHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPCookieProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("BaseHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgr", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPSHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FileHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("CacheFTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("UnknownHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPErrorProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlretrieve", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlcleanup", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("URLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FancyURLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("proxy_bypass", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_http_list", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_keqv_list", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_request_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_request, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_request._moved_attributes = _urllib_request_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_request(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.request"),
+    "moves.urllib_request",
+    "moves.urllib.request",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_response(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_response"""
+
+
+_urllib_response_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("addbase", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addclosehook", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfo", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfourl", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_response_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_response, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_response._moved_attributes = _urllib_response_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_response(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.response"),
+    "moves.urllib_response",
+    "moves.urllib.response",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_robotparser"""
+
+
+_urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("RobotFileParser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser._moved_attributes = (
+    _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes
+)
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.robotparser"),
+    "moves.urllib_robotparser",
+    "moves.urllib.robotparser",
+)
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib(types.ModuleType):
+
+    """Create a six.moves.urllib namespace that resembles the Python 3 namespace"""
+
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+    parse = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_parse")
+    error = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_error")
+    request = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_request")
+    response = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_response")
+    robotparser = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_robotparser")
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return ["parse", "error", "request", "response", "robotparser"]
+
+
+_importer._add_module(
+    Module_six_moves_urllib(__name__ + ".moves.urllib"), "moves.urllib"
+)
+
+
+def add_move(move):
+    """Add an item to six.moves."""
+    setattr(_MovedItems, move.name, move)
+
+
+def remove_move(name):
+    """Remove item from six.moves."""
+    try:
+        delattr(_MovedItems, name)
+    except AttributeError:
+        try:
+            del moves.__dict__[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError("no such move, %r" % (name,))
+
+
+if PY3:
+    _meth_func = "__func__"
+    _meth_self = "__self__"
+
+    _func_closure = "__closure__"
+    _func_code = "__code__"
+    _func_defaults = "__defaults__"
+    _func_globals = "__globals__"
+else:
+    _meth_func = "im_func"
+    _meth_self = "im_self"
+
+    _func_closure = "func_closure"
+    _func_code = "func_code"
+    _func_defaults = "func_defaults"
+    _func_globals = "func_globals"
+
+
+try:
+    advance_iterator = next
+except NameError:
+
+    def advance_iterator(it):
+        return it.next()
+
+
+next = advance_iterator
+
+
+try:
+    callable = callable
+except NameError:
+
+    def callable(obj):
+        return any("__call__" in klass.__dict__ for klass in type(obj).__mro__)
+
+
+if PY3:
+
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound
+
+    create_bound_method = types.MethodType
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return func
+
+    Iterator = object
+else:
+
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound.im_func
+
+    def create_bound_method(func, obj):
+        return types.MethodType(func, obj, obj.__class__)
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return types.MethodType(func, None, cls)
+
+    class Iterator(object):
+        def next(self):
+            return type(self).__next__(self)
+
+    callable = callable
+_add_doc(
+    get_unbound_function, """Get the function out of a possibly unbound function"""
+)
+
+
+get_method_function = operator.attrgetter(_meth_func)
+get_method_self = operator.attrgetter(_meth_self)
+get_function_closure = operator.attrgetter(_func_closure)
+get_function_code = operator.attrgetter(_func_code)
+get_function_defaults = operator.attrgetter(_func_defaults)
+get_function_globals = operator.attrgetter(_func_globals)
+
+
+if PY3:
+
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.keys(**kw))
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.values(**kw))
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.items(**kw))
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.lists(**kw))
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("keys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("values")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("items")
+else:
+
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterkeys(**kw)
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return d.itervalues(**kw)
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return d.iteritems(**kw)
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterlists(**kw)
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("viewkeys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("viewvalues")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("viewitems")
+
+_add_doc(iterkeys, "Return an iterator over the keys of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(itervalues, "Return an iterator over the values of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iteritems, "Return an iterator over the (key, value) pairs of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(
+    iterlists, "Return an iterator over the (key, [values]) pairs of a dictionary."
+)
+
+
+if PY3:
+
+    def b(s):
+        return s.encode("latin-1")
+
+    def u(s):
+        return s
+
+    unichr = chr
+    import struct
+
+    int2byte = struct.Struct(">B").pack
+    del struct
+    byte2int = operator.itemgetter(0)
+    indexbytes = operator.getitem
+    iterbytes = iter
+    import io
+
+    StringIO = io.StringIO
+    BytesIO = io.BytesIO
+    del io
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertCountEqual"
+    if sys.version_info[1] <= 1:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+        _assertNotRegex = "assertNotRegexpMatches"
+    else:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegex"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegex"
+        _assertNotRegex = "assertNotRegex"
+else:
+
+    def b(s):
+        return s
+
+    # Workaround for standalone backslash
+
+    def u(s):
+        return unicode(s.replace(r"\\", r"\\\\"), "unicode_escape")
+
+    unichr = unichr
+    int2byte = chr
+
+    def byte2int(bs):
+        return ord(bs[0])
+
+    def indexbytes(buf, i):
+        return ord(buf[i])
+
+    iterbytes = functools.partial(itertools.imap, ord)
+    import StringIO
+
+    StringIO = BytesIO = StringIO.StringIO
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertItemsEqual"
+    _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+    _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+    _assertNotRegex = "assertNotRegexpMatches"
+_add_doc(b, """Byte literal""")
+_add_doc(u, """Text literal""")
+
+
+def assertCountEqual(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertCountEqual)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRaisesRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRaisesRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertNotRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertNotRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    exec_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "exec")
+
+    def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+        try:
+            if value is None:
+                value = tp()
+            if value.__traceback__ is not tb:
+                raise value.with_traceback(tb)
+            raise value
+        finally:
+            value = None
+            tb = None
+
+
+else:
+
+    def exec_(_code_, _globs_=None, _locs_=None):
+        """Execute code in a namespace."""
+        if _globs_ is None:
+            frame = sys._getframe(1)
+            _globs_ = frame.f_globals
+            if _locs_ is None:
+                _locs_ = frame.f_locals
+            del frame
+        elif _locs_ is None:
+            _locs_ = _globs_
+        exec ("""exec _code_ in _globs_, _locs_""")
+
+    exec_(
+        """def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+    try:
+        raise tp, value, tb
+    finally:
+        tb = None
+"""
+    )
+
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] > (3,):
+    exec_(
+        """def raise_from(value, from_value):
+    try:
+        raise value from from_value
+    finally:
+        value = None
+"""
+    )
+else:
+
+    def raise_from(value, from_value):
+        raise value
+
+
+print_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "print", None)
+if print_ is None:
+
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        """The new-style print function for Python 2.4 and 2.5."""
+        fp = kwargs.pop("file", sys.stdout)
+        if fp is None:
+            return
+
+        def write(data):
+            if not isinstance(data, basestring):
+                data = str(data)
+            # If the file has an encoding, encode unicode with it.
+            if (
+                isinstance(fp, file)
+                and isinstance(data, unicode)
+                and fp.encoding is not None
+            ):
+                errors = getattr(fp, "errors", None)
+                if errors is None:
+                    errors = "strict"
+                data = data.encode(fp.encoding, errors)
+            fp.write(data)
+
+        want_unicode = False
+        sep = kwargs.pop("sep", None)
+        if sep is not None:
+            if isinstance(sep, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(sep, str):
+                raise TypeError("sep must be None or a string")
+        end = kwargs.pop("end", None)
+        if end is not None:
+            if isinstance(end, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(end, str):
+                raise TypeError("end must be None or a string")
+        if kwargs:
+            raise TypeError("invalid keyword arguments to print()")
+        if not want_unicode:
+            for arg in args:
+                if isinstance(arg, unicode):
+                    want_unicode = True
+                    break
+        if want_unicode:
+            newline = unicode("\n")
+            space = unicode(" ")
+        else:
+            newline = "\n"
+            space = " "
+        if sep is None:
+            sep = space
+        if end is None:
+            end = newline
+        for i, arg in enumerate(args):
+            if i:
+                write(sep)
+            write(arg)
+        write(end)
+
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 3):
+    _print = print_
+
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        fp = kwargs.get("file", sys.stdout)
+        flush = kwargs.pop("flush", False)
+        _print(*args, **kwargs)
+        if flush and fp is not None:
+            fp.flush()
+
+
+_add_doc(reraise, """Reraise an exception.""")
+
+if sys.version_info[0:2] < (3, 4):
+    # This does exactly the same what the :func:`py3:functools.update_wrapper`
+    # function does on Python versions after 3.2. It sets the ``__wrapped__``
+    # attribute on ``wrapper`` object and it doesn't raise an error if any of
+    # the attributes mentioned in ``assigned`` and ``updated`` are missing on
+    # ``wrapped`` object.
+    def _update_wrapper(
+        wrapper,
+        wrapped,
+        assigned=functools.WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS,
+        updated=functools.WRAPPER_UPDATES,
+    ):
+        for attr in assigned:
+            try:
+                value = getattr(wrapped, attr)
+            except AttributeError:
+                continue
+            else:
+                setattr(wrapper, attr, value)
+        for attr in updated:
+            getattr(wrapper, attr).update(getattr(wrapped, attr, {}))
+        wrapper.__wrapped__ = wrapped
+        return wrapper
+
+    _update_wrapper.__doc__ = functools.update_wrapper.__doc__
+
+    def wraps(
+        wrapped,
+        assigned=functools.WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS,
+        updated=functools.WRAPPER_UPDATES,
+    ):
+        return functools.partial(
+            _update_wrapper, wrapped=wrapped, assigned=assigned, updated=updated
+        )
+
+    wraps.__doc__ = functools.wraps.__doc__
+
+else:
+    wraps = functools.wraps
+
+
+def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):
+    """Create a base class with a metaclass."""
+    # This requires a bit of explanation: the basic idea is to make a dummy
+    # metaclass for one level of class instantiation that replaces itself with
+    # the actual metaclass.
+    class metaclass(type):
+        def __new__(cls, name, this_bases, d):
+            if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+                # This version introduced PEP 560 that requires a bit
+                # of extra care (we mimic what is done by __build_class__).
+                resolved_bases = types.resolve_bases(bases)
+                if resolved_bases is not bases:
+                    d["__orig_bases__"] = bases
+            else:
+                resolved_bases = bases
+            return meta(name, resolved_bases, d)
+
+        @classmethod
+        def __prepare__(cls, name, this_bases):
+            return meta.__prepare__(name, bases)
+
+    return type.__new__(metaclass, "temporary_class", (), {})
+
+
+def add_metaclass(metaclass):
+    """Class decorator for creating a class with a metaclass."""
+
+    def wrapper(cls):
+        orig_vars = cls.__dict__.copy()
+        slots = orig_vars.get("__slots__")
+        if slots is not None:
+            if isinstance(slots, str):
+                slots = [slots]
+            for slots_var in slots:
+                orig_vars.pop(slots_var)
+        orig_vars.pop("__dict__", None)
+        orig_vars.pop("__weakref__", None)
+        if hasattr(cls, "__qualname__"):
+            orig_vars["__qualname__"] = cls.__qualname__
+        return metaclass(cls.__name__, cls.__bases__, orig_vars)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def ensure_binary(s, encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"):
+    """Coerce **s** to six.binary_type.
+
+    For Python 2:
+      - `unicode` -> encoded to `str`
+      - `str` -> `str`
+
+    For Python 3:
+      - `str` -> encoded to `bytes`
+      - `bytes` -> `bytes`
+    """
+    if isinstance(s, binary_type):
+        return s
+    if isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s.encode(encoding, errors)
+    raise TypeError("not expecting type '%s'" % type(s))
+
+
+def ensure_str(s, encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"):
+    """Coerce *s* to `str`.
+
+    For Python 2:
+      - `unicode` -> encoded to `str`
+      - `str` -> `str`
+
+    For Python 3:
+      - `str` -> `str`
+      - `bytes` -> decoded to `str`
+    """
+    # Optimization: Fast return for the common case.
+    if type(s) is str:
+        return s
+    if PY2 and isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s.encode(encoding, errors)
+    elif PY3 and isinstance(s, binary_type):
+        return s.decode(encoding, errors)
+    elif not isinstance(s, (text_type, binary_type)):
+        raise TypeError("not expecting type '%s'" % type(s))
+    return s
+
+
+def ensure_text(s, encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"):
+    """Coerce *s* to six.text_type.
+
+    For Python 2:
+      - `unicode` -> `unicode`
+      - `str` -> `unicode`
+
+    For Python 3:
+      - `str` -> `str`
+      - `bytes` -> decoded to `str`
+    """
+    if isinstance(s, binary_type):
+        return s.decode(encoding, errors)
+    elif isinstance(s, text_type):
+        return s
+    else:
+        raise TypeError("not expecting type '%s'" % type(s))
+
+
+def python_2_unicode_compatible(klass):
+    """
+    A class decorator that defines __unicode__ and __str__ methods under Python 2.
+    Under Python 3 it does nothing.
+
+    To support Python 2 and 3 with a single code base, define a __str__ method
+    returning text and apply this decorator to the class.
+    """
+    if PY2:
+        if "__str__" not in klass.__dict__:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "@python_2_unicode_compatible cannot be applied "
+                "to %s because it doesn't define __str__()." % klass.__name__
+            )
+        klass.__unicode__ = klass.__str__
+        klass.__str__ = lambda self: self.__unicode__().encode("utf-8")
+    return klass
+
+
+# Complete the moves implementation.
+# This code is at the end of this module to speed up module loading.
+# Turn this module into a package.
+__path__ = []  # required for PEP 302 and PEP 451
+__package__ = __name__  # see PEP 366 @ReservedAssignment
+if globals().get("__spec__") is not None:
+    __spec__.submodule_search_locations = []  # PEP 451 @UndefinedVariable
+# Remove other six meta path importers, since they cause problems. This can
+# happen if six is removed from sys.modules and then reloaded. (Setuptools does
+# this for some reason.)
+if sys.meta_path:
+    for i, importer in enumerate(sys.meta_path):
+        # Here's some real nastiness: Another "instance" of the six module might
+        # be floating around. Therefore, we can't use isinstance() to check for
+        # the six meta path importer, since the other six instance will have
+        # inserted an importer with different class.
+        if (
+            type(importer).__name__ == "_SixMetaPathImporter"
+            and importer.name == __name__
+        ):
+            del sys.meta_path[i]
+            break
+    del i, importer
+# Finally, add the importer to the meta path import hook.
+sys.meta_path.append(_importer)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/poolmanager.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/poolmanager.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca4ec34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/poolmanager.py
@@ -0,0 +1,537 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import collections
+import functools
+import logging
+
+from ._collections import RecentlyUsedContainer
+from .connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool, port_by_scheme
+from .exceptions import (
+    LocationValueError,
+    MaxRetryError,
+    ProxySchemeUnknown,
+    ProxySchemeUnsupported,
+    URLSchemeUnknown,
+)
+from .packages import six
+from .packages.six.moves.urllib.parse import urljoin
+from .request import RequestMethods
+from .util.proxy import connection_requires_http_tunnel
+from .util.retry import Retry
+from .util.url import parse_url
+
+__all__ = ["PoolManager", "ProxyManager", "proxy_from_url"]
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+SSL_KEYWORDS = (
+    "key_file",
+    "cert_file",
+    "cert_reqs",
+    "ca_certs",
+    "ssl_version",
+    "ca_cert_dir",
+    "ssl_context",
+    "key_password",
+    "server_hostname",
+)
+
+# All known keyword arguments that could be provided to the pool manager, its
+# pools, or the underlying connections. This is used to construct a pool key.
+_key_fields = (
+    "key_scheme",  # str
+    "key_host",  # str
+    "key_port",  # int
+    "key_timeout",  # int or float or Timeout
+    "key_retries",  # int or Retry
+    "key_strict",  # bool
+    "key_block",  # bool
+    "key_source_address",  # str
+    "key_key_file",  # str
+    "key_key_password",  # str
+    "key_cert_file",  # str
+    "key_cert_reqs",  # str
+    "key_ca_certs",  # str
+    "key_ssl_version",  # str
+    "key_ca_cert_dir",  # str
+    "key_ssl_context",  # instance of ssl.SSLContext or urllib3.util.ssl_.SSLContext
+    "key_maxsize",  # int
+    "key_headers",  # dict
+    "key__proxy",  # parsed proxy url
+    "key__proxy_headers",  # dict
+    "key__proxy_config",  # class
+    "key_socket_options",  # list of (level (int), optname (int), value (int or str)) tuples
+    "key__socks_options",  # dict
+    "key_assert_hostname",  # bool or string
+    "key_assert_fingerprint",  # str
+    "key_server_hostname",  # str
+)
+
+#: The namedtuple class used to construct keys for the connection pool.
+#: All custom key schemes should include the fields in this key at a minimum.
+PoolKey = collections.namedtuple("PoolKey", _key_fields)
+
+_proxy_config_fields = ("ssl_context", "use_forwarding_for_https")
+ProxyConfig = collections.namedtuple("ProxyConfig", _proxy_config_fields)
+
+
+def _default_key_normalizer(key_class, request_context):
+    """
+    Create a pool key out of a request context dictionary.
+
+    According to RFC 3986, both the scheme and host are case-insensitive.
+    Therefore, this function normalizes both before constructing the pool
+    key for an HTTPS request. If you wish to change this behaviour, provide
+    alternate callables to ``key_fn_by_scheme``.
+
+    :param key_class:
+        The class to use when constructing the key. This should be a namedtuple
+        with the ``scheme`` and ``host`` keys at a minimum.
+    :type  key_class: namedtuple
+    :param request_context:
+        A dictionary-like object that contain the context for a request.
+    :type  request_context: dict
+
+    :return: A namedtuple that can be used as a connection pool key.
+    :rtype:  PoolKey
+    """
+    # Since we mutate the dictionary, make a copy first
+    context = request_context.copy()
+    context["scheme"] = context["scheme"].lower()
+    context["host"] = context["host"].lower()
+
+    # These are both dictionaries and need to be transformed into frozensets
+    for key in ("headers", "_proxy_headers", "_socks_options"):
+        if key in context and context[key] is not None:
+            context[key] = frozenset(context[key].items())
+
+    # The socket_options key may be a list and needs to be transformed into a
+    # tuple.
+    socket_opts = context.get("socket_options")
+    if socket_opts is not None:
+        context["socket_options"] = tuple(socket_opts)
+
+    # Map the kwargs to the names in the namedtuple - this is necessary since
+    # namedtuples can't have fields starting with '_'.
+    for key in list(context.keys()):
+        context["key_" + key] = context.pop(key)
+
+    # Default to ``None`` for keys missing from the context
+    for field in key_class._fields:
+        if field not in context:
+            context[field] = None
+
+    return key_class(**context)
+
+
+#: A dictionary that maps a scheme to a callable that creates a pool key.
+#: This can be used to alter the way pool keys are constructed, if desired.
+#: Each PoolManager makes a copy of this dictionary so they can be configured
+#: globally here, or individually on the instance.
+key_fn_by_scheme = {
+    "http": functools.partial(_default_key_normalizer, PoolKey),
+    "https": functools.partial(_default_key_normalizer, PoolKey),
+}
+
+pool_classes_by_scheme = {"http": HTTPConnectionPool, "https": HTTPSConnectionPool}
+
+
+class PoolManager(RequestMethods):
+    """
+    Allows for arbitrary requests while transparently keeping track of
+    necessary connection pools for you.
+
+    :param num_pools:
+        Number of connection pools to cache before discarding the least
+        recently used pool.
+
+    :param headers:
+        Headers to include with all requests, unless other headers are given
+        explicitly.
+
+    :param \\**connection_pool_kw:
+        Additional parameters are used to create fresh
+        :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` instances.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> manager = PoolManager(num_pools=2)
+        >>> r = manager.request('GET', 'http://google.com/')
+        >>> r = manager.request('GET', 'http://google.com/mail')
+        >>> r = manager.request('GET', 'http://yahoo.com/')
+        >>> len(manager.pools)
+        2
+
+    """
+
+    proxy = None
+    proxy_config = None
+
+    def __init__(self, num_pools=10, headers=None, **connection_pool_kw):
+        RequestMethods.__init__(self, headers)
+        self.connection_pool_kw = connection_pool_kw
+        self.pools = RecentlyUsedContainer(num_pools, dispose_func=lambda p: p.close())
+
+        # Locally set the pool classes and keys so other PoolManagers can
+        # override them.
+        self.pool_classes_by_scheme = pool_classes_by_scheme
+        self.key_fn_by_scheme = key_fn_by_scheme.copy()
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        self.clear()
+        # Return False to re-raise any potential exceptions
+        return False
+
+    def _new_pool(self, scheme, host, port, request_context=None):
+        """
+        Create a new :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on host, port, scheme, and
+        any additional pool keyword arguments.
+
+        If ``request_context`` is provided, it is provided as keyword arguments
+        to the pool class used. This method is used to actually create the
+        connection pools handed out by :meth:`connection_from_url` and
+        companion methods. It is intended to be overridden for customization.
+        """
+        pool_cls = self.pool_classes_by_scheme[scheme]
+        if request_context is None:
+            request_context = self.connection_pool_kw.copy()
+
+        # Although the context has everything necessary to create the pool,
+        # this function has historically only used the scheme, host, and port
+        # in the positional args. When an API change is acceptable these can
+        # be removed.
+        for key in ("scheme", "host", "port"):
+            request_context.pop(key, None)
+
+        if scheme == "http":
+            for kw in SSL_KEYWORDS:
+                request_context.pop(kw, None)
+
+        return pool_cls(host, port, **request_context)
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """
+        Empty our store of pools and direct them all to close.
+
+        This will not affect in-flight connections, but they will not be
+        re-used after completion.
+        """
+        self.pools.clear()
+
+    def connection_from_host(self, host, port=None, scheme="http", pool_kwargs=None):
+        """
+        Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the host, port, and scheme.
+
+        If ``port`` isn't given, it will be derived from the ``scheme`` using
+        ``urllib3.connectionpool.port_by_scheme``. If ``pool_kwargs`` is
+        provided, it is merged with the instance's ``connection_pool_kw``
+        variable and used to create the new connection pool, if one is
+        needed.
+        """
+
+        if not host:
+            raise LocationValueError("No host specified.")
+
+        request_context = self._merge_pool_kwargs(pool_kwargs)
+        request_context["scheme"] = scheme or "http"
+        if not port:
+            port = port_by_scheme.get(request_context["scheme"].lower(), 80)
+        request_context["port"] = port
+        request_context["host"] = host
+
+        return self.connection_from_context(request_context)
+
+    def connection_from_context(self, request_context):
+        """
+        Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the request context.
+
+        ``request_context`` must at least contain the ``scheme`` key and its
+        value must be a key in ``key_fn_by_scheme`` instance variable.
+        """
+        scheme = request_context["scheme"].lower()
+        pool_key_constructor = self.key_fn_by_scheme.get(scheme)
+        if not pool_key_constructor:
+            raise URLSchemeUnknown(scheme)
+        pool_key = pool_key_constructor(request_context)
+
+        return self.connection_from_pool_key(pool_key, request_context=request_context)
+
+    def connection_from_pool_key(self, pool_key, request_context=None):
+        """
+        Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the provided pool key.
+
+        ``pool_key`` should be a namedtuple that only contains immutable
+        objects. At a minimum it must have the ``scheme``, ``host``, and
+        ``port`` fields.
+        """
+        with self.pools.lock:
+            # If the scheme, host, or port doesn't match existing open
+            # connections, open a new ConnectionPool.
+            pool = self.pools.get(pool_key)
+            if pool:
+                return pool
+
+            # Make a fresh ConnectionPool of the desired type
+            scheme = request_context["scheme"]
+            host = request_context["host"]
+            port = request_context["port"]
+            pool = self._new_pool(scheme, host, port, request_context=request_context)
+            self.pools[pool_key] = pool
+
+        return pool
+
+    def connection_from_url(self, url, pool_kwargs=None):
+        """
+        Similar to :func:`urllib3.connectionpool.connection_from_url`.
+
+        If ``pool_kwargs`` is not provided and a new pool needs to be
+        constructed, ``self.connection_pool_kw`` is used to initialize
+        the :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool`. If ``pool_kwargs``
+        is provided, it is used instead. Note that if a new pool does not
+        need to be created for the request, the provided ``pool_kwargs`` are
+        not used.
+        """
+        u = parse_url(url)
+        return self.connection_from_host(
+            u.host, port=u.port, scheme=u.scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
+        )
+
+    def _merge_pool_kwargs(self, override):
+        """
+        Merge a dictionary of override values for self.connection_pool_kw.
+
+        This does not modify self.connection_pool_kw and returns a new dict.
+        Any keys in the override dictionary with a value of ``None`` are
+        removed from the merged dictionary.
+        """
+        base_pool_kwargs = self.connection_pool_kw.copy()
+        if override:
+            for key, value in override.items():
+                if value is None:
+                    try:
+                        del base_pool_kwargs[key]
+                    except KeyError:
+                        pass
+                else:
+                    base_pool_kwargs[key] = value
+        return base_pool_kwargs
+
+    def _proxy_requires_url_absolute_form(self, parsed_url):
+        """
+        Indicates if the proxy requires the complete destination URL in the
+        request.  Normally this is only needed when not using an HTTP CONNECT
+        tunnel.
+        """
+        if self.proxy is None:
+            return False
+
+        return not connection_requires_http_tunnel(
+            self.proxy, self.proxy_config, parsed_url.scheme
+        )
+
+    def _validate_proxy_scheme_url_selection(self, url_scheme):
+        """
+        Validates that were not attempting to do TLS in TLS connections on
+        Python2 or with unsupported SSL implementations.
+        """
+        if self.proxy is None or url_scheme != "https":
+            return
+
+        if self.proxy.scheme != "https":
+            return
+
+        if six.PY2 and not self.proxy_config.use_forwarding_for_https:
+            raise ProxySchemeUnsupported(
+                "Contacting HTTPS destinations through HTTPS proxies "
+                "'via CONNECT tunnels' is not supported in Python 2"
+            )
+
+    def urlopen(self, method, url, redirect=True, **kw):
+        """
+        Same as :meth:`urllib3.HTTPConnectionPool.urlopen`
+        with custom cross-host redirect logic and only sends the request-uri
+        portion of the ``url``.
+
+        The given ``url`` parameter must be absolute, such that an appropriate
+        :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` can be chosen for it.
+        """
+        u = parse_url(url)
+        self._validate_proxy_scheme_url_selection(u.scheme)
+
+        conn = self.connection_from_host(u.host, port=u.port, scheme=u.scheme)
+
+        kw["assert_same_host"] = False
+        kw["redirect"] = False
+
+        if "headers" not in kw:
+            kw["headers"] = self.headers.copy()
+
+        if self._proxy_requires_url_absolute_form(u):
+            response = conn.urlopen(method, url, **kw)
+        else:
+            response = conn.urlopen(method, u.request_uri, **kw)
+
+        redirect_location = redirect and response.get_redirect_location()
+        if not redirect_location:
+            return response
+
+        # Support relative URLs for redirecting.
+        redirect_location = urljoin(url, redirect_location)
+
+        # RFC 7231, Section 6.4.4
+        if response.status == 303:
+            method = "GET"
+
+        retries = kw.get("retries")
+        if not isinstance(retries, Retry):
+            retries = Retry.from_int(retries, redirect=redirect)
+
+        # Strip headers marked as unsafe to forward to the redirected location.
+        # Check remove_headers_on_redirect to avoid a potential network call within
+        # conn.is_same_host() which may use socket.gethostbyname() in the future.
+        if retries.remove_headers_on_redirect and not conn.is_same_host(
+            redirect_location
+        ):
+            headers = list(six.iterkeys(kw["headers"]))
+            for header in headers:
+                if header.lower() in retries.remove_headers_on_redirect:
+                    kw["headers"].pop(header, None)
+
+        try:
+            retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=response, _pool=conn)
+        except MaxRetryError:
+            if retries.raise_on_redirect:
+                response.drain_conn()
+                raise
+            return response
+
+        kw["retries"] = retries
+        kw["redirect"] = redirect
+
+        log.info("Redirecting %s -> %s", url, redirect_location)
+
+        response.drain_conn()
+        return self.urlopen(method, redirect_location, **kw)
+
+
+class ProxyManager(PoolManager):
+    """
+    Behaves just like :class:`PoolManager`, but sends all requests through
+    the defined proxy, using the CONNECT method for HTTPS URLs.
+
+    :param proxy_url:
+        The URL of the proxy to be used.
+
+    :param proxy_headers:
+        A dictionary containing headers that will be sent to the proxy. In case
+        of HTTP they are being sent with each request, while in the
+        HTTPS/CONNECT case they are sent only once. Could be used for proxy
+        authentication.
+
+    :param proxy_ssl_context:
+        The proxy SSL context is used to establish the TLS connection to the
+        proxy when using HTTPS proxies.
+
+    :param use_forwarding_for_https:
+        (Defaults to False) If set to True will forward requests to the HTTPS
+        proxy to be made on behalf of the client instead of creating a TLS
+        tunnel via the CONNECT method. **Enabling this flag means that request
+        and response headers and content will be visible from the HTTPS proxy**
+        whereas tunneling keeps request and response headers and content
+        private.  IP address, target hostname, SNI, and port are always visible
+        to an HTTPS proxy even when this flag is disabled.
+
+    Example:
+        >>> proxy = urllib3.ProxyManager('http://localhost:3128/')
+        >>> r1 = proxy.request('GET', 'http://google.com/')
+        >>> r2 = proxy.request('GET', 'http://httpbin.org/')
+        >>> len(proxy.pools)
+        1
+        >>> r3 = proxy.request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/')
+        >>> r4 = proxy.request('GET', 'https://twitter.com/')
+        >>> len(proxy.pools)
+        3
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        proxy_url,
+        num_pools=10,
+        headers=None,
+        proxy_headers=None,
+        proxy_ssl_context=None,
+        use_forwarding_for_https=False,
+        **connection_pool_kw
+    ):
+
+        if isinstance(proxy_url, HTTPConnectionPool):
+            proxy_url = "%s://%s:%i" % (
+                proxy_url.scheme,
+                proxy_url.host,
+                proxy_url.port,
+            )
+        proxy = parse_url(proxy_url)
+
+        if proxy.scheme not in ("http", "https"):
+            raise ProxySchemeUnknown(proxy.scheme)
+
+        if not proxy.port:
+            port = port_by_scheme.get(proxy.scheme, 80)
+            proxy = proxy._replace(port=port)
+
+        self.proxy = proxy
+        self.proxy_headers = proxy_headers or {}
+        self.proxy_ssl_context = proxy_ssl_context
+        self.proxy_config = ProxyConfig(proxy_ssl_context, use_forwarding_for_https)
+
+        connection_pool_kw["_proxy"] = self.proxy
+        connection_pool_kw["_proxy_headers"] = self.proxy_headers
+        connection_pool_kw["_proxy_config"] = self.proxy_config
+
+        super(ProxyManager, self).__init__(num_pools, headers, **connection_pool_kw)
+
+    def connection_from_host(self, host, port=None, scheme="http", pool_kwargs=None):
+        if scheme == "https":
+            return super(ProxyManager, self).connection_from_host(
+                host, port, scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
+            )
+
+        return super(ProxyManager, self).connection_from_host(
+            self.proxy.host, self.proxy.port, self.proxy.scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
+        )
+
+    def _set_proxy_headers(self, url, headers=None):
+        """
+        Sets headers needed by proxies: specifically, the Accept and Host
+        headers. Only sets headers not provided by the user.
+        """
+        headers_ = {"Accept": "*/*"}
+
+        netloc = parse_url(url).netloc
+        if netloc:
+            headers_["Host"] = netloc
+
+        if headers:
+            headers_.update(headers)
+        return headers_
+
+    def urlopen(self, method, url, redirect=True, **kw):
+        "Same as HTTP(S)ConnectionPool.urlopen, ``url`` must be absolute."
+        u = parse_url(url)
+        if not connection_requires_http_tunnel(self.proxy, self.proxy_config, u.scheme):
+            # For connections using HTTP CONNECT, httplib sets the necessary
+            # headers on the CONNECT to the proxy. If we're not using CONNECT,
+            # we'll definitely need to set 'Host' at the very least.
+            headers = kw.get("headers", self.headers)
+            kw["headers"] = self._set_proxy_headers(url, headers)
+
+        return super(ProxyManager, self).urlopen(method, url, redirect=redirect, **kw)
+
+
+def proxy_from_url(url, **kw):
+    return ProxyManager(proxy_url=url, **kw)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/request.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..398386a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from .filepost import encode_multipart_formdata
+from .packages.six.moves.urllib.parse import urlencode
+
+__all__ = ["RequestMethods"]
+
+
+class RequestMethods(object):
+    """
+    Convenience mixin for classes who implement a :meth:`urlopen` method, such
+    as :class:`urllib3.HTTPConnectionPool` and
+    :class:`urllib3.PoolManager`.
+
+    Provides behavior for making common types of HTTP request methods and
+    decides which type of request field encoding to use.
+
+    Specifically,
+
+    :meth:`.request_encode_url` is for sending requests whose fields are
+    encoded in the URL (such as GET, HEAD, DELETE).
+
+    :meth:`.request_encode_body` is for sending requests whose fields are
+    encoded in the *body* of the request using multipart or www-form-urlencoded
+    (such as for POST, PUT, PATCH).
+
+    :meth:`.request` is for making any kind of request, it will look up the
+    appropriate encoding format and use one of the above two methods to make
+    the request.
+
+    Initializer parameters:
+
+    :param headers:
+        Headers to include with all requests, unless other headers are given
+        explicitly.
+    """
+
+    _encode_url_methods = {"DELETE", "GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS"}
+
+    def __init__(self, headers=None):
+        self.headers = headers or {}
+
+    def urlopen(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        body=None,
+        headers=None,
+        encode_multipart=True,
+        multipart_boundary=None,
+        **kw
+    ):  # Abstract
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Classes extending RequestMethods must implement "
+            "their own ``urlopen`` method."
+        )
+
+    def request(self, method, url, fields=None, headers=None, **urlopen_kw):
+        """
+        Make a request using :meth:`urlopen` with the appropriate encoding of
+        ``fields`` based on the ``method`` used.
+
+        This is a convenience method that requires the least amount of manual
+        effort. It can be used in most situations, while still having the
+        option to drop down to more specific methods when necessary, such as
+        :meth:`request_encode_url`, :meth:`request_encode_body`,
+        or even the lowest level :meth:`urlopen`.
+        """
+        method = method.upper()
+
+        urlopen_kw["request_url"] = url
+
+        if method in self._encode_url_methods:
+            return self.request_encode_url(
+                method, url, fields=fields, headers=headers, **urlopen_kw
+            )
+        else:
+            return self.request_encode_body(
+                method, url, fields=fields, headers=headers, **urlopen_kw
+            )
+
+    def request_encode_url(self, method, url, fields=None, headers=None, **urlopen_kw):
+        """
+        Make a request using :meth:`urlopen` with the ``fields`` encoded in
+        the url. This is useful for request methods like GET, HEAD, DELETE, etc.
+        """
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = self.headers
+
+        extra_kw = {"headers": headers}
+        extra_kw.update(urlopen_kw)
+
+        if fields:
+            url += "?" + urlencode(fields)
+
+        return self.urlopen(method, url, **extra_kw)
+
+    def request_encode_body(
+        self,
+        method,
+        url,
+        fields=None,
+        headers=None,
+        encode_multipart=True,
+        multipart_boundary=None,
+        **urlopen_kw
+    ):
+        """
+        Make a request using :meth:`urlopen` with the ``fields`` encoded in
+        the body. This is useful for request methods like POST, PUT, PATCH, etc.
+
+        When ``encode_multipart=True`` (default), then
+        :func:`urllib3.encode_multipart_formdata` is used to encode
+        the payload with the appropriate content type. Otherwise
+        :func:`urllib.parse.urlencode` is used with the
+        'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' content type.
+
+        Multipart encoding must be used when posting files, and it's reasonably
+        safe to use it in other times too. However, it may break request
+        signing, such as with OAuth.
+
+        Supports an optional ``fields`` parameter of key/value strings AND
+        key/filetuple. A filetuple is a (filename, data, MIME type) tuple where
+        the MIME type is optional. For example::
+
+            fields = {
+                'foo': 'bar',
+                'fakefile': ('foofile.txt', 'contents of foofile'),
+                'realfile': ('barfile.txt', open('realfile').read()),
+                'typedfile': ('bazfile.bin', open('bazfile').read(),
+                              'image/jpeg'),
+                'nonamefile': 'contents of nonamefile field',
+            }
+
+        When uploading a file, providing a filename (the first parameter of the
+        tuple) is optional but recommended to best mimic behavior of browsers.
+
+        Note that if ``headers`` are supplied, the 'Content-Type' header will
+        be overwritten because it depends on the dynamic random boundary string
+        which is used to compose the body of the request. The random boundary
+        string can be explicitly set with the ``multipart_boundary`` parameter.
+        """
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = self.headers
+
+        extra_kw = {"headers": {}}
+
+        if fields:
+            if "body" in urlopen_kw:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "request got values for both 'fields' and 'body', can only specify one."
+                )
+
+            if encode_multipart:
+                body, content_type = encode_multipart_formdata(
+                    fields, boundary=multipart_boundary
+                )
+            else:
+                body, content_type = (
+                    urlencode(fields),
+                    "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+                )
+
+            extra_kw["body"] = body
+            extra_kw["headers"] = {"Content-Type": content_type}
+
+        extra_kw["headers"].update(headers)
+        extra_kw.update(urlopen_kw)
+
+        return self.urlopen(method, url, **extra_kw)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/response.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/response.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdb50dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/response.py
@@ -0,0 +1,824 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import io
+import logging
+import zlib
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from socket import error as SocketError
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+try:
+    try:
+        import brotlicffi as brotli
+    except ImportError:
+        import brotli
+except ImportError:
+    brotli = None
+
+from ._collections import HTTPHeaderDict
+from .connection import BaseSSLError, HTTPException
+from .exceptions import (
+    BodyNotHttplibCompatible,
+    DecodeError,
+    HTTPError,
+    IncompleteRead,
+    InvalidChunkLength,
+    InvalidHeader,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ReadTimeoutError,
+    ResponseNotChunked,
+    SSLError,
+)
+from .packages import six
+from .util.response import is_fp_closed, is_response_to_head
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class DeflateDecoder(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._first_try = True
+        self._data = b""
+        self._obj = zlib.decompressobj()
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self._obj, name)
+
+    def decompress(self, data):
+        if not data:
+            return data
+
+        if not self._first_try:
+            return self._obj.decompress(data)
+
+        self._data += data
+        try:
+            decompressed = self._obj.decompress(data)
+            if decompressed:
+                self._first_try = False
+                self._data = None
+            return decompressed
+        except zlib.error:
+            self._first_try = False
+            self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(-zlib.MAX_WBITS)
+            try:
+                return self.decompress(self._data)
+            finally:
+                self._data = None
+
+
+class GzipDecoderState(object):
+
+    FIRST_MEMBER = 0
+    OTHER_MEMBERS = 1
+    SWALLOW_DATA = 2
+
+
+class GzipDecoder(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS)
+        self._state = GzipDecoderState.FIRST_MEMBER
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self._obj, name)
+
+    def decompress(self, data):
+        ret = bytearray()
+        if self._state == GzipDecoderState.SWALLOW_DATA or not data:
+            return bytes(ret)
+        while True:
+            try:
+                ret += self._obj.decompress(data)
+            except zlib.error:
+                previous_state = self._state
+                # Ignore data after the first error
+                self._state = GzipDecoderState.SWALLOW_DATA
+                if previous_state == GzipDecoderState.OTHER_MEMBERS:
+                    # Allow trailing garbage acceptable in other gzip clients
+                    return bytes(ret)
+                raise
+            data = self._obj.unused_data
+            if not data:
+                return bytes(ret)
+            self._state = GzipDecoderState.OTHER_MEMBERS
+            self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS)
+
+
+if brotli is not None:
+
+    class BrotliDecoder(object):
+        # Supports both 'brotlipy' and 'Brotli' packages
+        # since they share an import name. The top branches
+        # are for 'brotlipy' and bottom branches for 'Brotli'
+        def __init__(self):
+            self._obj = brotli.Decompressor()
+            if hasattr(self._obj, "decompress"):
+                self.decompress = self._obj.decompress
+            else:
+                self.decompress = self._obj.process
+
+        def flush(self):
+            if hasattr(self._obj, "flush"):
+                return self._obj.flush()
+            return b""
+
+
+class MultiDecoder(object):
+    """
+    From RFC7231:
+        If one or more encodings have been applied to a representation, the
+        sender that applied the encodings MUST generate a Content-Encoding
+        header field that lists the content codings in the order in which
+        they were applied.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, modes):
+        self._decoders = [_get_decoder(m.strip()) for m in modes.split(",")]
+
+    def flush(self):
+        return self._decoders[0].flush()
+
+    def decompress(self, data):
+        for d in reversed(self._decoders):
+            data = d.decompress(data)
+        return data
+
+
+def _get_decoder(mode):
+    if "," in mode:
+        return MultiDecoder(mode)
+
+    if mode == "gzip":
+        return GzipDecoder()
+
+    if brotli is not None and mode == "br":
+        return BrotliDecoder()
+
+    return DeflateDecoder()
+
+
+class HTTPResponse(io.IOBase):
+    """
+    HTTP Response container.
+
+    Backwards-compatible with :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` but the response ``body`` is
+    loaded and decoded on-demand when the ``data`` property is accessed.  This
+    class is also compatible with the Python standard library's :mod:`io`
+    module, and can hence be treated as a readable object in the context of that
+    framework.
+
+    Extra parameters for behaviour not present in :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse`:
+
+    :param preload_content:
+        If True, the response's body will be preloaded during construction.
+
+    :param decode_content:
+        If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
+        'content-encoding' header.
+
+    :param original_response:
+        When this HTTPResponse wrapper is generated from an :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse`
+        object, it's convenient to include the original for debug purposes. It's
+        otherwise unused.
+
+    :param retries:
+        The retries contains the last :class:`~urllib3.util.retry.Retry` that
+        was used during the request.
+
+    :param enforce_content_length:
+        Enforce content length checking. Body returned by server must match
+        value of Content-Length header, if present. Otherwise, raise error.
+    """
+
+    CONTENT_DECODERS = ["gzip", "deflate"]
+    if brotli is not None:
+        CONTENT_DECODERS += ["br"]
+    REDIRECT_STATUSES = [301, 302, 303, 307, 308]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        body="",
+        headers=None,
+        status=0,
+        version=0,
+        reason=None,
+        strict=0,
+        preload_content=True,
+        decode_content=True,
+        original_response=None,
+        pool=None,
+        connection=None,
+        msg=None,
+        retries=None,
+        enforce_content_length=False,
+        request_method=None,
+        request_url=None,
+        auto_close=True,
+    ):
+
+        if isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict):
+            self.headers = headers
+        else:
+            self.headers = HTTPHeaderDict(headers)
+        self.status = status
+        self.version = version
+        self.reason = reason
+        self.strict = strict
+        self.decode_content = decode_content
+        self.retries = retries
+        self.enforce_content_length = enforce_content_length
+        self.auto_close = auto_close
+
+        self._decoder = None
+        self._body = None
+        self._fp = None
+        self._original_response = original_response
+        self._fp_bytes_read = 0
+        self.msg = msg
+        self._request_url = request_url
+
+        if body and isinstance(body, (six.string_types, bytes)):
+            self._body = body
+
+        self._pool = pool
+        self._connection = connection
+
+        if hasattr(body, "read"):
+            self._fp = body
+
+        # Are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding?
+        self.chunked = False
+        self.chunk_left = None
+        tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding", "").lower()
+        # Don't incur the penalty of creating a list and then discarding it
+        encodings = (enc.strip() for enc in tr_enc.split(","))
+        if "chunked" in encodings:
+            self.chunked = True
+
+        # Determine length of response
+        self.length_remaining = self._init_length(request_method)
+
+        # If requested, preload the body.
+        if preload_content and not self._body:
+            self._body = self.read(decode_content=decode_content)
+
+    def get_redirect_location(self):
+        """
+        Should we redirect and where to?
+
+        :returns: Truthy redirect location string if we got a redirect status
+            code and valid location. ``None`` if redirect status and no
+            location. ``False`` if not a redirect status code.
+        """
+        if self.status in self.REDIRECT_STATUSES:
+            return self.headers.get("location")
+
+        return False
+
+    def release_conn(self):
+        if not self._pool or not self._connection:
+            return
+
+        self._pool._put_conn(self._connection)
+        self._connection = None
+
+    def drain_conn(self):
+        """
+        Read and discard any remaining HTTP response data in the response connection.
+
+        Unread data in the HTTPResponse connection blocks the connection from being released back to the pool.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.read()
+        except (HTTPError, SocketError, BaseSSLError, HTTPException):
+            pass
+
+    @property
+    def data(self):
+        # For backwards-compat with earlier urllib3 0.4 and earlier.
+        if self._body:
+            return self._body
+
+        if self._fp:
+            return self.read(cache_content=True)
+
+    @property
+    def connection(self):
+        return self._connection
+
+    def isclosed(self):
+        return is_fp_closed(self._fp)
+
+    def tell(self):
+        """
+        Obtain the number of bytes pulled over the wire so far. May differ from
+        the amount of content returned by :meth:``urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.read``
+        if bytes are encoded on the wire (e.g, compressed).
+        """
+        return self._fp_bytes_read
+
+    def _init_length(self, request_method):
+        """
+        Set initial length value for Response content if available.
+        """
+        length = self.headers.get("content-length")
+
+        if length is not None:
+            if self.chunked:
+                # This Response will fail with an IncompleteRead if it can't be
+                # received as chunked. This method falls back to attempt reading
+                # the response before raising an exception.
+                log.warning(
+                    "Received response with both Content-Length and "
+                    "Transfer-Encoding set. This is expressly forbidden "
+                    "by RFC 7230 sec 3.3.2. Ignoring Content-Length and "
+                    "attempting to process response as Transfer-Encoding: "
+                    "chunked."
+                )
+                return None
+
+            try:
+                # RFC 7230 section 3.3.2 specifies multiple content lengths can
+                # be sent in a single Content-Length header
+                # (e.g. Content-Length: 42, 42). This line ensures the values
+                # are all valid ints and that as long as the `set` length is 1,
+                # all values are the same. Otherwise, the header is invalid.
+                lengths = set([int(val) for val in length.split(",")])
+                if len(lengths) > 1:
+                    raise InvalidHeader(
+                        "Content-Length contained multiple "
+                        "unmatching values (%s)" % length
+                    )
+                length = lengths.pop()
+            except ValueError:
+                length = None
+            else:
+                if length < 0:
+                    length = None
+
+        # Convert status to int for comparison
+        # In some cases, httplib returns a status of "_UNKNOWN"
+        try:
+            status = int(self.status)
+        except ValueError:
+            status = 0
+
+        # Check for responses that shouldn't include a body
+        if status in (204, 304) or 100 <= status < 200 or request_method == "HEAD":
+            length = 0
+
+        return length
+
+    def _init_decoder(self):
+        """
+        Set-up the _decoder attribute if necessary.
+        """
+        # Note: content-encoding value should be case-insensitive, per RFC 7230
+        # Section 3.2
+        content_encoding = self.headers.get("content-encoding", "").lower()
+        if self._decoder is None:
+            if content_encoding in self.CONTENT_DECODERS:
+                self._decoder = _get_decoder(content_encoding)
+            elif "," in content_encoding:
+                encodings = [
+                    e.strip()
+                    for e in content_encoding.split(",")
+                    if e.strip() in self.CONTENT_DECODERS
+                ]
+                if len(encodings):
+                    self._decoder = _get_decoder(content_encoding)
+
+    DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES = (IOError, zlib.error)
+    if brotli is not None:
+        DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES += (brotli.error,)
+
+    def _decode(self, data, decode_content, flush_decoder):
+        """
+        Decode the data passed in and potentially flush the decoder.
+        """
+        if not decode_content:
+            return data
+
+        try:
+            if self._decoder:
+                data = self._decoder.decompress(data)
+        except self.DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES as e:
+            content_encoding = self.headers.get("content-encoding", "").lower()
+            raise DecodeError(
+                "Received response with content-encoding: %s, but "
+                "failed to decode it." % content_encoding,
+                e,
+            )
+        if flush_decoder:
+            data += self._flush_decoder()
+
+        return data
+
+    def _flush_decoder(self):
+        """
+        Flushes the decoder. Should only be called if the decoder is actually
+        being used.
+        """
+        if self._decoder:
+            buf = self._decoder.decompress(b"")
+            return buf + self._decoder.flush()
+
+        return b""
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def _error_catcher(self):
+        """
+        Catch low-level python exceptions, instead re-raising urllib3
+        variants, so that low-level exceptions are not leaked in the
+        high-level api.
+
+        On exit, release the connection back to the pool.
+        """
+        clean_exit = False
+
+        try:
+            try:
+                yield
+
+            except SocketTimeout:
+                # FIXME: Ideally we'd like to include the url in the ReadTimeoutError but
+                # there is yet no clean way to get at it from this context.
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
+
+            except BaseSSLError as e:
+                # FIXME: Is there a better way to differentiate between SSLErrors?
+                if "read operation timed out" not in str(e):
+                    # SSL errors related to framing/MAC get wrapped and reraised here
+                    raise SSLError(e)
+
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
+
+            except (HTTPException, SocketError) as e:
+                # This includes IncompleteRead.
+                raise ProtocolError("Connection broken: %r" % e, e)
+
+            # If no exception is thrown, we should avoid cleaning up
+            # unnecessarily.
+            clean_exit = True
+        finally:
+            # If we didn't terminate cleanly, we need to throw away our
+            # connection.
+            if not clean_exit:
+                # The response may not be closed but we're not going to use it
+                # anymore so close it now to ensure that the connection is
+                # released back to the pool.
+                if self._original_response:
+                    self._original_response.close()
+
+                # Closing the response may not actually be sufficient to close
+                # everything, so if we have a hold of the connection close that
+                # too.
+                if self._connection:
+                    self._connection.close()
+
+            # If we hold the original response but it's closed now, we should
+            # return the connection back to the pool.
+            if self._original_response and self._original_response.isclosed():
+                self.release_conn()
+
+    def read(self, amt=None, decode_content=None, cache_content=False):
+        """
+        Similar to :meth:`http.client.HTTPResponse.read`, but with two additional
+        parameters: ``decode_content`` and ``cache_content``.
+
+        :param amt:
+            How much of the content to read. If specified, caching is skipped
+            because it doesn't make sense to cache partial content as the full
+            response.
+
+        :param decode_content:
+            If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
+            'content-encoding' header.
+
+        :param cache_content:
+            If True, will save the returned data such that the same result is
+            returned despite of the state of the underlying file object. This
+            is useful if you want the ``.data`` property to continue working
+            after having ``.read()`` the file object. (Overridden if ``amt`` is
+            set.)
+        """
+        self._init_decoder()
+        if decode_content is None:
+            decode_content = self.decode_content
+
+        if self._fp is None:
+            return
+
+        flush_decoder = False
+        fp_closed = getattr(self._fp, "closed", False)
+
+        with self._error_catcher():
+            if amt is None:
+                # cStringIO doesn't like amt=None
+                data = self._fp.read() if not fp_closed else b""
+                flush_decoder = True
+            else:
+                cache_content = False
+                data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
+                if (
+                    amt != 0 and not data
+                ):  # Platform-specific: Buggy versions of Python.
+                    # Close the connection when no data is returned
+                    #
+                    # This is redundant to what httplib/http.client _should_
+                    # already do.  However, versions of python released before
+                    # December 15, 2012 (http://bugs.python.org/issue16298) do
+                    # not properly close the connection in all cases. There is
+                    # no harm in redundantly calling close.
+                    self._fp.close()
+                    flush_decoder = True
+                    if self.enforce_content_length and self.length_remaining not in (
+                        0,
+                        None,
+                    ):
+                        # This is an edge case that httplib failed to cover due
+                        # to concerns of backward compatibility. We're
+                        # addressing it here to make sure IncompleteRead is
+                        # raised during streaming, so all calls with incorrect
+                        # Content-Length are caught.
+                        raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
+
+        if data:
+            self._fp_bytes_read += len(data)
+            if self.length_remaining is not None:
+                self.length_remaining -= len(data)
+
+            data = self._decode(data, decode_content, flush_decoder)
+
+            if cache_content:
+                self._body = data
+
+        return data
+
+    def stream(self, amt=2 ** 16, decode_content=None):
+        """
+        A generator wrapper for the read() method. A call will block until
+        ``amt`` bytes have been read from the connection or until the
+        connection is closed.
+
+        :param amt:
+            How much of the content to read. The generator will return up to
+            much data per iteration, but may return less. This is particularly
+            likely when using compressed data. However, the empty string will
+            never be returned.
+
+        :param decode_content:
+            If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
+            'content-encoding' header.
+        """
+        if self.chunked and self.supports_chunked_reads():
+            for line in self.read_chunked(amt, decode_content=decode_content):
+                yield line
+        else:
+            while not is_fp_closed(self._fp):
+                data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
+
+                if data:
+                    yield data
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_httplib(ResponseCls, r, **response_kw):
+        """
+        Given an :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` instance ``r``, return a
+        corresponding :class:`urllib3.response.HTTPResponse` object.
+
+        Remaining parameters are passed to the HTTPResponse constructor, along
+        with ``original_response=r``.
+        """
+        headers = r.msg
+
+        if not isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict):
+            if six.PY2:
+                # Python 2.7
+                headers = HTTPHeaderDict.from_httplib(headers)
+            else:
+                headers = HTTPHeaderDict(headers.items())
+
+        # HTTPResponse objects in Python 3 don't have a .strict attribute
+        strict = getattr(r, "strict", 0)
+        resp = ResponseCls(
+            body=r,
+            headers=headers,
+            status=r.status,
+            version=r.version,
+            reason=r.reason,
+            strict=strict,
+            original_response=r,
+            **response_kw
+        )
+        return resp
+
+    # Backwards-compatibility methods for http.client.HTTPResponse
+    def getheaders(self):
+        return self.headers
+
+    def getheader(self, name, default=None):
+        return self.headers.get(name, default)
+
+    # Backwards compatibility for http.cookiejar
+    def info(self):
+        return self.headers
+
+    # Overrides from io.IOBase
+    def close(self):
+        if not self.closed:
+            self._fp.close()
+
+        if self._connection:
+            self._connection.close()
+
+        if not self.auto_close:
+            io.IOBase.close(self)
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self):
+        if not self.auto_close:
+            return io.IOBase.closed.__get__(self)
+        elif self._fp is None:
+            return True
+        elif hasattr(self._fp, "isclosed"):
+            return self._fp.isclosed()
+        elif hasattr(self._fp, "closed"):
+            return self._fp.closed
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        if self._fp is None:
+            raise IOError("HTTPResponse has no file to get a fileno from")
+        elif hasattr(self._fp, "fileno"):
+            return self._fp.fileno()
+        else:
+            raise IOError(
+                "The file-like object this HTTPResponse is wrapped "
+                "around has no file descriptor"
+            )
+
+    def flush(self):
+        if (
+            self._fp is not None
+            and hasattr(self._fp, "flush")
+            and not getattr(self._fp, "closed", False)
+        ):
+            return self._fp.flush()
+
+    def readable(self):
+        # This method is required for `io` module compatibility.
+        return True
+
+    def readinto(self, b):
+        # This method is required for `io` module compatibility.
+        temp = self.read(len(b))
+        if len(temp) == 0:
+            return 0
+        else:
+            b[: len(temp)] = temp
+            return len(temp)
+
+    def supports_chunked_reads(self):
+        """
+        Checks if the underlying file-like object looks like a
+        :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` object. We do this by testing for
+        the fp attribute. If it is present we assume it returns raw chunks as
+        processed by read_chunked().
+        """
+        return hasattr(self._fp, "fp")
+
+    def _update_chunk_length(self):
+        # First, we'll figure out length of a chunk and then
+        # we'll try to read it from socket.
+        if self.chunk_left is not None:
+            return
+        line = self._fp.fp.readline()
+        line = line.split(b";", 1)[0]
+        try:
+            self.chunk_left = int(line, 16)
+        except ValueError:
+            # Invalid chunked protocol response, abort.
+            self.close()
+            raise InvalidChunkLength(self, line)
+
+    def _handle_chunk(self, amt):
+        returned_chunk = None
+        if amt is None:
+            chunk = self._fp._safe_read(self.chunk_left)
+            returned_chunk = chunk
+            self._fp._safe_read(2)  # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk.
+            self.chunk_left = None
+        elif amt < self.chunk_left:
+            value = self._fp._safe_read(amt)
+            self.chunk_left = self.chunk_left - amt
+            returned_chunk = value
+        elif amt == self.chunk_left:
+            value = self._fp._safe_read(amt)
+            self._fp._safe_read(2)  # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk.
+            self.chunk_left = None
+            returned_chunk = value
+        else:  # amt > self.chunk_left
+            returned_chunk = self._fp._safe_read(self.chunk_left)
+            self._fp._safe_read(2)  # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk.
+            self.chunk_left = None
+        return returned_chunk
+
+    def read_chunked(self, amt=None, decode_content=None):
+        """
+        Similar to :meth:`HTTPResponse.read`, but with an additional
+        parameter: ``decode_content``.
+
+        :param amt:
+            How much of the content to read. If specified, caching is skipped
+            because it doesn't make sense to cache partial content as the full
+            response.
+
+        :param decode_content:
+            If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
+            'content-encoding' header.
+        """
+        self._init_decoder()
+        # FIXME: Rewrite this method and make it a class with a better structured logic.
+        if not self.chunked:
+            raise ResponseNotChunked(
+                "Response is not chunked. "
+                "Header 'transfer-encoding: chunked' is missing."
+            )
+        if not self.supports_chunked_reads():
+            raise BodyNotHttplibCompatible(
+                "Body should be http.client.HTTPResponse like. "
+                "It should have have an fp attribute which returns raw chunks."
+            )
+
+        with self._error_catcher():
+            # Don't bother reading the body of a HEAD request.
+            if self._original_response and is_response_to_head(self._original_response):
+                self._original_response.close()
+                return
+
+            # If a response is already read and closed
+            # then return immediately.
+            if self._fp.fp is None:
+                return
+
+            while True:
+                self._update_chunk_length()
+                if self.chunk_left == 0:
+                    break
+                chunk = self._handle_chunk(amt)
+                decoded = self._decode(
+                    chunk, decode_content=decode_content, flush_decoder=False
+                )
+                if decoded:
+                    yield decoded
+
+            if decode_content:
+                # On CPython and PyPy, we should never need to flush the
+                # decoder. However, on Jython we *might* need to, so
+                # lets defensively do it anyway.
+                decoded = self._flush_decoder()
+                if decoded:  # Platform-specific: Jython.
+                    yield decoded
+
+            # Chunk content ends with \r\n: discard it.
+            while True:
+                line = self._fp.fp.readline()
+                if not line:
+                    # Some sites may not end with '\r\n'.
+                    break
+                if line == b"\r\n":
+                    break
+
+            # We read everything; close the "file".
+            if self._original_response:
+                self._original_response.close()
+
+    def geturl(self):
+        """
+        Returns the URL that was the source of this response.
+        If the request that generated this response redirected, this method
+        will return the final redirect location.
+        """
+        if self.retries is not None and len(self.retries.history):
+            return self.retries.history[-1].redirect_location
+        else:
+            return self._request_url
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        buffer = []
+        for chunk in self.stream(decode_content=True):
+            if b"\n" in chunk:
+                chunk = chunk.split(b"\n")
+                yield b"".join(buffer) + chunk[0] + b"\n"
+                for x in chunk[1:-1]:
+                    yield x + b"\n"
+                if chunk[-1]:
+                    buffer = [chunk[-1]]
+                else:
+                    buffer = []
+            else:
+                buffer.append(chunk)
+        if buffer:
+            yield b"".join(buffer)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4547fc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+# For backwards compatibility, provide imports that used to be here.
+from .connection import is_connection_dropped
+from .request import SKIP_HEADER, SKIPPABLE_HEADERS, make_headers
+from .response import is_fp_closed
+from .retry import Retry
+from .ssl_ import (
+    ALPN_PROTOCOLS,
+    HAS_SNI,
+    IS_PYOPENSSL,
+    IS_SECURETRANSPORT,
+    PROTOCOL_TLS,
+    SSLContext,
+    assert_fingerprint,
+    resolve_cert_reqs,
+    resolve_ssl_version,
+    ssl_wrap_socket,
+)
+from .timeout import Timeout, current_time
+from .url import Url, get_host, parse_url, split_first
+from .wait import wait_for_read, wait_for_write
+
+__all__ = (
+    "HAS_SNI",
+    "IS_PYOPENSSL",
+    "IS_SECURETRANSPORT",
+    "SSLContext",
+    "PROTOCOL_TLS",
+    "ALPN_PROTOCOLS",
+    "Retry",
+    "Timeout",
+    "Url",
+    "assert_fingerprint",
+    "current_time",
+    "is_connection_dropped",
+    "is_fp_closed",
+    "get_host",
+    "parse_url",
+    "make_headers",
+    "resolve_cert_reqs",
+    "resolve_ssl_version",
+    "split_first",
+    "ssl_wrap_socket",
+    "wait_for_read",
+    "wait_for_write",
+    "SKIP_HEADER",
+    "SKIPPABLE_HEADERS",
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/connection.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6af1138
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import socket
+
+from ..contrib import _appengine_environ
+from ..exceptions import LocationParseError
+from ..packages import six
+from .wait import NoWayToWaitForSocketError, wait_for_read
+
+
+def is_connection_dropped(conn):  # Platform-specific
+    """
+    Returns True if the connection is dropped and should be closed.
+
+    :param conn:
+        :class:`http.client.HTTPConnection` object.
+
+    Note: For platforms like AppEngine, this will always return ``False`` to
+    let the platform handle connection recycling transparently for us.
+    """
+    sock = getattr(conn, "sock", False)
+    if sock is False:  # Platform-specific: AppEngine
+        return False
+    if sock is None:  # Connection already closed (such as by httplib).
+        return True
+    try:
+        # Returns True if readable, which here means it's been dropped
+        return wait_for_read(sock, timeout=0.0)
+    except NoWayToWaitForSocketError:  # Platform-specific: AppEngine
+        return False
+
+
+# This function is copied from socket.py in the Python 2.7 standard
+# library test suite. Added to its signature is only `socket_options`.
+# One additional modification is that we avoid binding to IPv6 servers
+# discovered in DNS if the system doesn't have IPv6 functionality.
+def create_connection(
+    address,
+    timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+    source_address=None,
+    socket_options=None,
+):
+    """Connect to *address* and return the socket object.
+
+    Convenience function.  Connect to *address* (a 2-tuple ``(host,
+    port)``) and return the socket object.  Passing the optional
+    *timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket instance
+    before attempting to connect.  If no *timeout* is supplied, the
+    global default timeout setting returned by :func:`socket.getdefaulttimeout`
+    is used.  If *source_address* is set it must be a tuple of (host, port)
+    for the socket to bind as a source address before making the connection.
+    An host of '' or port 0 tells the OS to use the default.
+    """
+
+    host, port = address
+    if host.startswith("["):
+        host = host.strip("[]")
+    err = None
+
+    # Using the value from allowed_gai_family() in the context of getaddrinfo lets
+    # us select whether to work with IPv4 DNS records, IPv6 records, or both.
+    # The original create_connection function always returns all records.
+    family = allowed_gai_family()
+
+    try:
+        host.encode("idna")
+    except UnicodeError:
+        return six.raise_from(
+            LocationParseError(u"'%s', label empty or too long" % host), None
+        )
+
+    for res in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, family, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
+        af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
+        sock = None
+        try:
+            sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
+
+            # If provided, set socket level options before connecting.
+            _set_socket_options(sock, socket_options)
+
+            if timeout is not socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+                sock.settimeout(timeout)
+            if source_address:
+                sock.bind(source_address)
+            sock.connect(sa)
+            return sock
+
+        except socket.error as e:
+            err = e
+            if sock is not None:
+                sock.close()
+                sock = None
+
+    if err is not None:
+        raise err
+
+    raise socket.error("getaddrinfo returns an empty list")
+
+
+def _set_socket_options(sock, options):
+    if options is None:
+        return
+
+    for opt in options:
+        sock.setsockopt(*opt)
+
+
+def allowed_gai_family():
+    """This function is designed to work in the context of
+    getaddrinfo, where family=socket.AF_UNSPEC is the default and
+    will perform a DNS search for both IPv6 and IPv4 records."""
+
+    family = socket.AF_INET
+    if HAS_IPV6:
+        family = socket.AF_UNSPEC
+    return family
+
+
+def _has_ipv6(host):
+    """Returns True if the system can bind an IPv6 address."""
+    sock = None
+    has_ipv6 = False
+
+    # App Engine doesn't support IPV6 sockets and actually has a quota on the
+    # number of sockets that can be used, so just early out here instead of
+    # creating a socket needlessly.
+    # See https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/1446
+    if _appengine_environ.is_appengine_sandbox():
+        return False
+
+    if socket.has_ipv6:
+        # has_ipv6 returns true if cPython was compiled with IPv6 support.
+        # It does not tell us if the system has IPv6 support enabled. To
+        # determine that we must bind to an IPv6 address.
+        # https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/pull/611
+        # https://bugs.python.org/issue658327
+        try:
+            sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET6)
+            sock.bind((host, 0))
+            has_ipv6 = True
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    if sock:
+        sock.close()
+    return has_ipv6
+
+
+HAS_IPV6 = _has_ipv6("::1")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/proxy.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/proxy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2199cc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/proxy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+from .ssl_ import create_urllib3_context, resolve_cert_reqs, resolve_ssl_version
+
+
+def connection_requires_http_tunnel(
+    proxy_url=None, proxy_config=None, destination_scheme=None
+):
+    """
+    Returns True if the connection requires an HTTP CONNECT through the proxy.
+
+    :param URL proxy_url:
+        URL of the proxy.
+    :param ProxyConfig proxy_config:
+        Proxy configuration from poolmanager.py
+    :param str destination_scheme:
+        The scheme of the destination. (i.e https, http, etc)
+    """
+    # If we're not using a proxy, no way to use a tunnel.
+    if proxy_url is None:
+        return False
+
+    # HTTP destinations never require tunneling, we always forward.
+    if destination_scheme == "http":
+        return False
+
+    # Support for forwarding with HTTPS proxies and HTTPS destinations.
+    if (
+        proxy_url.scheme == "https"
+        and proxy_config
+        and proxy_config.use_forwarding_for_https
+    ):
+        return False
+
+    # Otherwise always use a tunnel.
+    return True
+
+
+def create_proxy_ssl_context(
+    ssl_version, cert_reqs, ca_certs=None, ca_cert_dir=None, ca_cert_data=None
+):
+    """
+    Generates a default proxy ssl context if one hasn't been provided by the
+    user.
+    """
+    ssl_context = create_urllib3_context(
+        ssl_version=resolve_ssl_version(ssl_version),
+        cert_reqs=resolve_cert_reqs(cert_reqs),
+    )
+
+    if (
+        not ca_certs
+        and not ca_cert_dir
+        and not ca_cert_data
+        and hasattr(ssl_context, "load_default_certs")
+    ):
+        ssl_context.load_default_certs()
+
+    return ssl_context
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/queue.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/queue.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4178410
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/queue.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import collections
+
+from ..packages import six
+from ..packages.six.moves import queue
+
+if six.PY2:
+    # Queue is imported for side effects on MS Windows. See issue #229.
+    import Queue as _unused_module_Queue  # noqa: F401
+
+
+class LifoQueue(queue.Queue):
+    def _init(self, _):
+        self.queue = collections.deque()
+
+    def _qsize(self, len=len):
+        return len(self.queue)
+
+    def _put(self, item):
+        self.queue.append(item)
+
+    def _get(self):
+        return self.queue.pop()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/request.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b574b08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from base64 import b64encode
+
+from ..exceptions import UnrewindableBodyError
+from ..packages.six import b, integer_types
+
+# Pass as a value within ``headers`` to skip
+# emitting some HTTP headers that are added automatically.
+# The only headers that are supported are ``Accept-Encoding``,
+# ``Host``, and ``User-Agent``.
+SKIP_HEADER = "@@@SKIP_HEADER@@@"
+SKIPPABLE_HEADERS = frozenset(["accept-encoding", "host", "user-agent"])
+
+ACCEPT_ENCODING = "gzip,deflate"
+try:
+    try:
+        import brotlicffi as _unused_module_brotli  # noqa: F401
+    except ImportError:
+        import brotli as _unused_module_brotli  # noqa: F401
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    ACCEPT_ENCODING += ",br"
+
+_FAILEDTELL = object()
+
+
+def make_headers(
+    keep_alive=None,
+    accept_encoding=None,
+    user_agent=None,
+    basic_auth=None,
+    proxy_basic_auth=None,
+    disable_cache=None,
+):
+    """
+    Shortcuts for generating request headers.
+
+    :param keep_alive:
+        If ``True``, adds 'connection: keep-alive' header.
+
+    :param accept_encoding:
+        Can be a boolean, list, or string.
+        ``True`` translates to 'gzip,deflate'.
+        List will get joined by comma.
+        String will be used as provided.
+
+    :param user_agent:
+        String representing the user-agent you want, such as
+        "python-urllib3/0.6"
+
+    :param basic_auth:
+        Colon-separated username:password string for 'authorization: basic ...'
+        auth header.
+
+    :param proxy_basic_auth:
+        Colon-separated username:password string for 'proxy-authorization: basic ...'
+        auth header.
+
+    :param disable_cache:
+        If ``True``, adds 'cache-control: no-cache' header.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> make_headers(keep_alive=True, user_agent="Batman/1.0")
+        {'connection': 'keep-alive', 'user-agent': 'Batman/1.0'}
+        >>> make_headers(accept_encoding=True)
+        {'accept-encoding': 'gzip,deflate'}
+    """
+    headers = {}
+    if accept_encoding:
+        if isinstance(accept_encoding, str):
+            pass
+        elif isinstance(accept_encoding, list):
+            accept_encoding = ",".join(accept_encoding)
+        else:
+            accept_encoding = ACCEPT_ENCODING
+        headers["accept-encoding"] = accept_encoding
+
+    if user_agent:
+        headers["user-agent"] = user_agent
+
+    if keep_alive:
+        headers["connection"] = "keep-alive"
+
+    if basic_auth:
+        headers["authorization"] = "Basic " + b64encode(b(basic_auth)).decode("utf-8")
+
+    if proxy_basic_auth:
+        headers["proxy-authorization"] = "Basic " + b64encode(
+            b(proxy_basic_auth)
+        ).decode("utf-8")
+
+    if disable_cache:
+        headers["cache-control"] = "no-cache"
+
+    return headers
+
+
+def set_file_position(body, pos):
+    """
+    If a position is provided, move file to that point.
+    Otherwise, we'll attempt to record a position for future use.
+    """
+    if pos is not None:
+        rewind_body(body, pos)
+    elif getattr(body, "tell", None) is not None:
+        try:
+            pos = body.tell()
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            # This differentiates from None, allowing us to catch
+            # a failed `tell()` later when trying to rewind the body.
+            pos = _FAILEDTELL
+
+    return pos
+
+
+def rewind_body(body, body_pos):
+    """
+    Attempt to rewind body to a certain position.
+    Primarily used for request redirects and retries.
+
+    :param body:
+        File-like object that supports seek.
+
+    :param int pos:
+        Position to seek to in file.
+    """
+    body_seek = getattr(body, "seek", None)
+    if body_seek is not None and isinstance(body_pos, integer_types):
+        try:
+            body_seek(body_pos)
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            raise UnrewindableBodyError(
+                "An error occurred when rewinding request body for redirect/retry."
+            )
+    elif body_pos is _FAILEDTELL:
+        raise UnrewindableBodyError(
+            "Unable to record file position for rewinding "
+            "request body during a redirect/retry."
+        )
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "body_pos must be of type integer, instead it was %s." % type(body_pos)
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/response.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/response.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ea609c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/response.py
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from email.errors import MultipartInvariantViolationDefect, StartBoundaryNotFoundDefect
+
+from ..exceptions import HeaderParsingError
+from ..packages.six.moves import http_client as httplib
+
+
+def is_fp_closed(obj):
+    """
+    Checks whether a given file-like object is closed.
+
+    :param obj:
+        The file-like object to check.
+    """
+
+    try:
+        # Check `isclosed()` first, in case Python3 doesn't set `closed`.
+        # GH Issue #928
+        return obj.isclosed()
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        # Check via the official file-like-object way.
+        return obj.closed
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        # Check if the object is a container for another file-like object that
+        # gets released on exhaustion (e.g. HTTPResponse).
+        return obj.fp is None
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+
+    raise ValueError("Unable to determine whether fp is closed.")
+
+
+def assert_header_parsing(headers):
+    """
+    Asserts whether all headers have been successfully parsed.
+    Extracts encountered errors from the result of parsing headers.
+
+    Only works on Python 3.
+
+    :param http.client.HTTPMessage headers: Headers to verify.
+
+    :raises urllib3.exceptions.HeaderParsingError:
+        If parsing errors are found.
+    """
+
+    # This will fail silently if we pass in the wrong kind of parameter.
+    # To make debugging easier add an explicit check.
+    if not isinstance(headers, httplib.HTTPMessage):
+        raise TypeError("expected httplib.Message, got {0}.".format(type(headers)))
+
+    defects = getattr(headers, "defects", None)
+    get_payload = getattr(headers, "get_payload", None)
+
+    unparsed_data = None
+    if get_payload:
+        # get_payload is actually email.message.Message.get_payload;
+        # we're only interested in the result if it's not a multipart message
+        if not headers.is_multipart():
+            payload = get_payload()
+
+            if isinstance(payload, (bytes, str)):
+                unparsed_data = payload
+    if defects:
+        # httplib is assuming a response body is available
+        # when parsing headers even when httplib only sends
+        # header data to parse_headers() This results in
+        # defects on multipart responses in particular.
+        # See: https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/800
+
+        # So we ignore the following defects:
+        # - StartBoundaryNotFoundDefect:
+        #     The claimed start boundary was never found.
+        # - MultipartInvariantViolationDefect:
+        #     A message claimed to be a multipart but no subparts were found.
+        defects = [
+            defect
+            for defect in defects
+            if not isinstance(
+                defect, (StartBoundaryNotFoundDefect, MultipartInvariantViolationDefect)
+            )
+        ]
+
+    if defects or unparsed_data:
+        raise HeaderParsingError(defects=defects, unparsed_data=unparsed_data)
+
+
+def is_response_to_head(response):
+    """
+    Checks whether the request of a response has been a HEAD-request.
+    Handles the quirks of AppEngine.
+
+    :param http.client.HTTPResponse response:
+        Response to check if the originating request
+        used 'HEAD' as a method.
+    """
+    # FIXME: Can we do this somehow without accessing private httplib _method?
+    method = response._method
+    if isinstance(method, int):  # Platform-specific: Appengine
+        return method == 3
+    return method.upper() == "HEAD"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3398323
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py
@@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import email
+import logging
+import re
+import time
+import warnings
+from collections import namedtuple
+from itertools import takewhile
+
+from ..exceptions import (
+    ConnectTimeoutError,
+    InvalidHeader,
+    MaxRetryError,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ProxyError,
+    ReadTimeoutError,
+    ResponseError,
+)
+from ..packages import six
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# Data structure for representing the metadata of requests that result in a retry.
+RequestHistory = namedtuple(
+    "RequestHistory", ["method", "url", "error", "status", "redirect_location"]
+)
+
+
+# TODO: In v2 we can remove this sentinel and metaclass with deprecated options.
+_Default = object()
+
+
+class _RetryMeta(type):
+    @property
+    def DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST(cls):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return cls.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS
+
+    @DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST.setter
+    def DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST(cls, value):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.DEFAULT_METHOD_WHITELIST' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        cls.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS = value
+
+    @property
+    def DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST(cls):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return cls.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT
+
+    @DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST.setter
+    def DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST(cls, value):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.DEFAULT_REDIRECT_HEADERS_BLACKLIST' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        cls.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT = value
+
+    @property
+    def BACKOFF_MAX(cls):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.BACKOFF_MAX' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        return cls.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX
+
+    @BACKOFF_MAX.setter
+    def BACKOFF_MAX(cls, value):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using 'Retry.BACKOFF_MAX' is deprecated and "
+            "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'Retry.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX' instead",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        cls.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX = value
+
+
+@six.add_metaclass(_RetryMeta)
+class Retry(object):
+    """Retry configuration.
+
+    Each retry attempt will create a new Retry object with updated values, so
+    they can be safely reused.
+
+    Retries can be defined as a default for a pool::
+
+        retries = Retry(connect=5, read=2, redirect=5)
+        http = PoolManager(retries=retries)
+        response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/')
+
+    Or per-request (which overrides the default for the pool)::
+
+        response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/', retries=Retry(10))
+
+    Retries can be disabled by passing ``False``::
+
+        response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/', retries=False)
+
+    Errors will be wrapped in :class:`~urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError` unless
+    retries are disabled, in which case the causing exception will be raised.
+
+    :param int total:
+        Total number of retries to allow. Takes precedence over other counts.
+
+        Set to ``None`` to remove this constraint and fall back on other
+        counts.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry.
+
+        Set to ``False`` to disable and imply ``raise_on_redirect=False``.
+
+    :param int connect:
+        How many connection-related errors to retry on.
+
+        These are errors raised before the request is sent to the remote server,
+        which we assume has not triggered the server to process the request.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+    :param int read:
+        How many times to retry on read errors.
+
+        These errors are raised after the request was sent to the server, so the
+        request may have side-effects.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+    :param int redirect:
+        How many redirects to perform. Limit this to avoid infinite redirect
+        loops.
+
+        A redirect is a HTTP response with a status code 301, 302, 303, 307 or
+        308.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+        Set to ``False`` to disable and imply ``raise_on_redirect=False``.
+
+    :param int status:
+        How many times to retry on bad status codes.
+
+        These are retries made on responses, where status code matches
+        ``status_forcelist``.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+    :param int other:
+        How many times to retry on other errors.
+
+        Other errors are errors that are not connect, read, redirect or status errors.
+        These errors might be raised after the request was sent to the server, so the
+        request might have side-effects.
+
+        Set to ``0`` to fail on the first retry of this type.
+
+        If ``total`` is not set, it's a good idea to set this to 0 to account
+        for unexpected edge cases and avoid infinite retry loops.
+
+    :param iterable allowed_methods:
+        Set of uppercased HTTP method verbs that we should retry on.
+
+        By default, we only retry on methods which are considered to be
+        idempotent (multiple requests with the same parameters end with the
+        same state). See :attr:`Retry.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS`.
+
+        Set to a ``False`` value to retry on any verb.
+
+        .. warning::
+
+            Previously this parameter was named ``method_whitelist``, that
+            usage is deprecated in v1.26.0 and will be removed in v2.0.
+
+    :param iterable status_forcelist:
+        A set of integer HTTP status codes that we should force a retry on.
+        A retry is initiated if the request method is in ``allowed_methods``
+        and the response status code is in ``status_forcelist``.
+
+        By default, this is disabled with ``None``.
+
+    :param float backoff_factor:
+        A backoff factor to apply between attempts after the second try
+        (most errors are resolved immediately by a second try without a
+        delay). urllib3 will sleep for::
+
+            {backoff factor} * (2 ** ({number of total retries} - 1))
+
+        seconds. If the backoff_factor is 0.1, then :func:`.sleep` will sleep
+        for [0.0s, 0.2s, 0.4s, ...] between retries. It will never be longer
+        than :attr:`Retry.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX`.
+
+        By default, backoff is disabled (set to 0).
+
+    :param bool raise_on_redirect: Whether, if the number of redirects is
+        exhausted, to raise a MaxRetryError, or to return a response with a
+        response code in the 3xx range.
+
+    :param bool raise_on_status: Similar meaning to ``raise_on_redirect``:
+        whether we should raise an exception, or return a response,
+        if status falls in ``status_forcelist`` range and retries have
+        been exhausted.
+
+    :param tuple history: The history of the request encountered during
+        each call to :meth:`~Retry.increment`. The list is in the order
+        the requests occurred. Each list item is of class :class:`RequestHistory`.
+
+    :param bool respect_retry_after_header:
+        Whether to respect Retry-After header on status codes defined as
+        :attr:`Retry.RETRY_AFTER_STATUS_CODES` or not.
+
+    :param iterable remove_headers_on_redirect:
+        Sequence of headers to remove from the request when a response
+        indicating a redirect is returned before firing off the redirected
+        request.
+    """
+
+    #: Default methods to be used for ``allowed_methods``
+    DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS = frozenset(
+        ["HEAD", "GET", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS", "TRACE"]
+    )
+
+    #: Default status codes to be used for ``status_forcelist``
+    RETRY_AFTER_STATUS_CODES = frozenset([413, 429, 503])
+
+    #: Default headers to be used for ``remove_headers_on_redirect``
+    DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT = frozenset(["Authorization"])
+
+    #: Maximum backoff time.
+    DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX = 120
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        total=10,
+        connect=None,
+        read=None,
+        redirect=None,
+        status=None,
+        other=None,
+        allowed_methods=_Default,
+        status_forcelist=None,
+        backoff_factor=0,
+        raise_on_redirect=True,
+        raise_on_status=True,
+        history=None,
+        respect_retry_after_header=True,
+        remove_headers_on_redirect=_Default,
+        # TODO: Deprecated, remove in v2.0
+        method_whitelist=_Default,
+    ):
+
+        if method_whitelist is not _Default:
+            if allowed_methods is not _Default:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Using both 'allowed_methods' and "
+                    "'method_whitelist' together is not allowed. "
+                    "Instead only use 'allowed_methods'"
+                )
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Using 'method_whitelist' with Retry is deprecated and "
+                "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'allowed_methods' instead",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            allowed_methods = method_whitelist
+        if allowed_methods is _Default:
+            allowed_methods = self.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS
+        if remove_headers_on_redirect is _Default:
+            remove_headers_on_redirect = self.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT
+
+        self.total = total
+        self.connect = connect
+        self.read = read
+        self.status = status
+        self.other = other
+
+        if redirect is False or total is False:
+            redirect = 0
+            raise_on_redirect = False
+
+        self.redirect = redirect
+        self.status_forcelist = status_forcelist or set()
+        self.allowed_methods = allowed_methods
+        self.backoff_factor = backoff_factor
+        self.raise_on_redirect = raise_on_redirect
+        self.raise_on_status = raise_on_status
+        self.history = history or tuple()
+        self.respect_retry_after_header = respect_retry_after_header
+        self.remove_headers_on_redirect = frozenset(
+            [h.lower() for h in remove_headers_on_redirect]
+        )
+
+    def new(self, **kw):
+        params = dict(
+            total=self.total,
+            connect=self.connect,
+            read=self.read,
+            redirect=self.redirect,
+            status=self.status,
+            other=self.other,
+            status_forcelist=self.status_forcelist,
+            backoff_factor=self.backoff_factor,
+            raise_on_redirect=self.raise_on_redirect,
+            raise_on_status=self.raise_on_status,
+            history=self.history,
+            remove_headers_on_redirect=self.remove_headers_on_redirect,
+            respect_retry_after_header=self.respect_retry_after_header,
+        )
+
+        # TODO: If already given in **kw we use what's given to us
+        # If not given we need to figure out what to pass. We decide
+        # based on whether our class has the 'method_whitelist' property
+        # and if so we pass the deprecated 'method_whitelist' otherwise
+        # we use 'allowed_methods'. Remove in v2.0
+        if "method_whitelist" not in kw and "allowed_methods" not in kw:
+            if "method_whitelist" in self.__dict__:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "Using 'method_whitelist' with Retry is deprecated and "
+                    "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'allowed_methods' instead",
+                    DeprecationWarning,
+                )
+                params["method_whitelist"] = self.allowed_methods
+            else:
+                params["allowed_methods"] = self.allowed_methods
+
+        params.update(kw)
+        return type(self)(**params)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_int(cls, retries, redirect=True, default=None):
+        """Backwards-compatibility for the old retries format."""
+        if retries is None:
+            retries = default if default is not None else cls.DEFAULT
+
+        if isinstance(retries, Retry):
+            return retries
+
+        redirect = bool(redirect) and None
+        new_retries = cls(retries, redirect=redirect)
+        log.debug("Converted retries value: %r -> %r", retries, new_retries)
+        return new_retries
+
+    def get_backoff_time(self):
+        """Formula for computing the current backoff
+
+        :rtype: float
+        """
+        # We want to consider only the last consecutive errors sequence (Ignore redirects).
+        consecutive_errors_len = len(
+            list(
+                takewhile(lambda x: x.redirect_location is None, reversed(self.history))
+            )
+        )
+        if consecutive_errors_len <= 1:
+            return 0
+
+        backoff_value = self.backoff_factor * (2 ** (consecutive_errors_len - 1))
+        return min(self.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MAX, backoff_value)
+
+    def parse_retry_after(self, retry_after):
+        # Whitespace: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2.4
+        if re.match(r"^\s*[0-9]+\s*$", retry_after):
+            seconds = int(retry_after)
+        else:
+            retry_date_tuple = email.utils.parsedate_tz(retry_after)
+            if retry_date_tuple is None:
+                raise InvalidHeader("Invalid Retry-After header: %s" % retry_after)
+            if retry_date_tuple[9] is None:  # Python 2
+                # Assume UTC if no timezone was specified
+                # On Python2.7, parsedate_tz returns None for a timezone offset
+                # instead of 0 if no timezone is given, where mktime_tz treats
+                # a None timezone offset as local time.
+                retry_date_tuple = retry_date_tuple[:9] + (0,) + retry_date_tuple[10:]
+
+            retry_date = email.utils.mktime_tz(retry_date_tuple)
+            seconds = retry_date - time.time()
+
+        if seconds < 0:
+            seconds = 0
+
+        return seconds
+
+    def get_retry_after(self, response):
+        """Get the value of Retry-After in seconds."""
+
+        retry_after = response.getheader("Retry-After")
+
+        if retry_after is None:
+            return None
+
+        return self.parse_retry_after(retry_after)
+
+    def sleep_for_retry(self, response=None):
+        retry_after = self.get_retry_after(response)
+        if retry_after:
+            time.sleep(retry_after)
+            return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def _sleep_backoff(self):
+        backoff = self.get_backoff_time()
+        if backoff <= 0:
+            return
+        time.sleep(backoff)
+
+    def sleep(self, response=None):
+        """Sleep between retry attempts.
+
+        This method will respect a server's ``Retry-After`` response header
+        and sleep the duration of the time requested. If that is not present, it
+        will use an exponential backoff. By default, the backoff factor is 0 and
+        this method will return immediately.
+        """
+
+        if self.respect_retry_after_header and response:
+            slept = self.sleep_for_retry(response)
+            if slept:
+                return
+
+        self._sleep_backoff()
+
+    def _is_connection_error(self, err):
+        """Errors when we're fairly sure that the server did not receive the
+        request, so it should be safe to retry.
+        """
+        if isinstance(err, ProxyError):
+            err = err.original_error
+        return isinstance(err, ConnectTimeoutError)
+
+    def _is_read_error(self, err):
+        """Errors that occur after the request has been started, so we should
+        assume that the server began processing it.
+        """
+        return isinstance(err, (ReadTimeoutError, ProtocolError))
+
+    def _is_method_retryable(self, method):
+        """Checks if a given HTTP method should be retried upon, depending if
+        it is included in the allowed_methods
+        """
+        # TODO: For now favor if the Retry implementation sets its own method_whitelist
+        # property outside of our constructor to avoid breaking custom implementations.
+        if "method_whitelist" in self.__dict__:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Using 'method_whitelist' with Retry is deprecated and "
+                "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'allowed_methods' instead",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            allowed_methods = self.method_whitelist
+        else:
+            allowed_methods = self.allowed_methods
+
+        if allowed_methods and method.upper() not in allowed_methods:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def is_retry(self, method, status_code, has_retry_after=False):
+        """Is this method/status code retryable? (Based on allowlists and control
+        variables such as the number of total retries to allow, whether to
+        respect the Retry-After header, whether this header is present, and
+        whether the returned status code is on the list of status codes to
+        be retried upon on the presence of the aforementioned header)
+        """
+        if not self._is_method_retryable(method):
+            return False
+
+        if self.status_forcelist and status_code in self.status_forcelist:
+            return True
+
+        return (
+            self.total
+            and self.respect_retry_after_header
+            and has_retry_after
+            and (status_code in self.RETRY_AFTER_STATUS_CODES)
+        )
+
+    def is_exhausted(self):
+        """Are we out of retries?"""
+        retry_counts = (
+            self.total,
+            self.connect,
+            self.read,
+            self.redirect,
+            self.status,
+            self.other,
+        )
+        retry_counts = list(filter(None, retry_counts))
+        if not retry_counts:
+            return False
+
+        return min(retry_counts) < 0
+
+    def increment(
+        self,
+        method=None,
+        url=None,
+        response=None,
+        error=None,
+        _pool=None,
+        _stacktrace=None,
+    ):
+        """Return a new Retry object with incremented retry counters.
+
+        :param response: A response object, or None, if the server did not
+            return a response.
+        :type response: :class:`~urllib3.response.HTTPResponse`
+        :param Exception error: An error encountered during the request, or
+            None if the response was received successfully.
+
+        :return: A new ``Retry`` object.
+        """
+        if self.total is False and error:
+            # Disabled, indicate to re-raise the error.
+            raise six.reraise(type(error), error, _stacktrace)
+
+        total = self.total
+        if total is not None:
+            total -= 1
+
+        connect = self.connect
+        read = self.read
+        redirect = self.redirect
+        status_count = self.status
+        other = self.other
+        cause = "unknown"
+        status = None
+        redirect_location = None
+
+        if error and self._is_connection_error(error):
+            # Connect retry?
+            if connect is False:
+                raise six.reraise(type(error), error, _stacktrace)
+            elif connect is not None:
+                connect -= 1
+
+        elif error and self._is_read_error(error):
+            # Read retry?
+            if read is False or not self._is_method_retryable(method):
+                raise six.reraise(type(error), error, _stacktrace)
+            elif read is not None:
+                read -= 1
+
+        elif error:
+            # Other retry?
+            if other is not None:
+                other -= 1
+
+        elif response and response.get_redirect_location():
+            # Redirect retry?
+            if redirect is not None:
+                redirect -= 1
+            cause = "too many redirects"
+            redirect_location = response.get_redirect_location()
+            status = response.status
+
+        else:
+            # Incrementing because of a server error like a 500 in
+            # status_forcelist and the given method is in the allowed_methods
+            cause = ResponseError.GENERIC_ERROR
+            if response and response.status:
+                if status_count is not None:
+                    status_count -= 1
+                cause = ResponseError.SPECIFIC_ERROR.format(status_code=response.status)
+                status = response.status
+
+        history = self.history + (
+            RequestHistory(method, url, error, status, redirect_location),
+        )
+
+        new_retry = self.new(
+            total=total,
+            connect=connect,
+            read=read,
+            redirect=redirect,
+            status=status_count,
+            other=other,
+            history=history,
+        )
+
+        if new_retry.is_exhausted():
+            raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
+
+        log.debug("Incremented Retry for (url='%s'): %r", url, new_retry)
+
+        return new_retry
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return (
+            "{cls.__name__}(total={self.total}, connect={self.connect}, "
+            "read={self.read}, redirect={self.redirect}, status={self.status})"
+        ).format(cls=type(self), self=self)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, item):
+        if item == "method_whitelist":
+            # TODO: Remove this deprecated alias in v2.0
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Using 'method_whitelist' with Retry is deprecated and "
+                "will be removed in v2.0. Use 'allowed_methods' instead",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            return self.allowed_methods
+        try:
+            return getattr(super(Retry, self), item)
+        except AttributeError:
+            return getattr(Retry, item)
+
+
+# For backwards compatibility (equivalent to pre-v1.9):
+Retry.DEFAULT = Retry(3)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f86781
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import hmac
+import os
+import sys
+import warnings
+from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify
+from hashlib import md5, sha1, sha256
+
+from ..exceptions import (
+    InsecurePlatformWarning,
+    ProxySchemeUnsupported,
+    SNIMissingWarning,
+    SSLError,
+)
+from ..packages import six
+from .url import BRACELESS_IPV6_ADDRZ_RE, IPV4_RE
+
+SSLContext = None
+SSLTransport = None
+HAS_SNI = False
+IS_PYOPENSSL = False
+IS_SECURETRANSPORT = False
+ALPN_PROTOCOLS = ["http/1.1"]
+
+# Maps the length of a digest to a possible hash function producing this digest
+HASHFUNC_MAP = {32: md5, 40: sha1, 64: sha256}
+
+
+def _const_compare_digest_backport(a, b):
+    """
+    Compare two digests of equal length in constant time.
+
+    The digests must be of type str/bytes.
+    Returns True if the digests match, and False otherwise.
+    """
+    result = abs(len(a) - len(b))
+    for left, right in zip(bytearray(a), bytearray(b)):
+        result |= left ^ right
+    return result == 0
+
+
+_const_compare_digest = getattr(hmac, "compare_digest", _const_compare_digest_backport)
+
+try:  # Test for SSL features
+    import ssl
+    from ssl import CERT_REQUIRED, wrap_socket
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+try:
+    from ssl import HAS_SNI  # Has SNI?
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+try:
+    from .ssltransport import SSLTransport
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+
+try:  # Platform-specific: Python 3.6
+    from ssl import PROTOCOL_TLS
+
+    PROTOCOL_SSLv23 = PROTOCOL_TLS
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from ssl import PROTOCOL_SSLv23 as PROTOCOL_TLS
+
+        PROTOCOL_SSLv23 = PROTOCOL_TLS
+    except ImportError:
+        PROTOCOL_SSLv23 = PROTOCOL_TLS = 2
+
+try:
+    from ssl import PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
+except ImportError:
+    PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT = PROTOCOL_TLS
+
+
+try:
+    from ssl import OP_NO_COMPRESSION, OP_NO_SSLv2, OP_NO_SSLv3
+except ImportError:
+    OP_NO_SSLv2, OP_NO_SSLv3 = 0x1000000, 0x2000000
+    OP_NO_COMPRESSION = 0x20000
+
+
+try:  # OP_NO_TICKET was added in Python 3.6
+    from ssl import OP_NO_TICKET
+except ImportError:
+    OP_NO_TICKET = 0x4000
+
+
+# A secure default.
+# Sources for more information on TLS ciphers:
+#
+# - https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Server_Side_TLS
+# - https://www.ssllabs.com/projects/best-practices/index.html
+# - https://hynek.me/articles/hardening-your-web-servers-ssl-ciphers/
+#
+# The general intent is:
+# - prefer cipher suites that offer perfect forward secrecy (DHE/ECDHE),
+# - prefer ECDHE over DHE for better performance,
+# - prefer any AES-GCM and ChaCha20 over any AES-CBC for better performance and
+#   security,
+# - prefer AES-GCM over ChaCha20 because hardware-accelerated AES is common,
+# - disable NULL authentication, MD5 MACs, DSS, and other
+#   insecure ciphers for security reasons.
+# - NOTE: TLS 1.3 cipher suites are managed through a different interface
+#   not exposed by CPython (yet!) and are enabled by default if they're available.
+DEFAULT_CIPHERS = ":".join(
+    [
+        "ECDHE+AESGCM",
+        "ECDHE+CHACHA20",
+        "DHE+AESGCM",
+        "DHE+CHACHA20",
+        "ECDH+AESGCM",
+        "DH+AESGCM",
+        "ECDH+AES",
+        "DH+AES",
+        "RSA+AESGCM",
+        "RSA+AES",
+        "!aNULL",
+        "!eNULL",
+        "!MD5",
+        "!DSS",
+    ]
+)
+
+try:
+    from ssl import SSLContext  # Modern SSL?
+except ImportError:
+
+    class SSLContext(object):  # Platform-specific: Python 2
+        def __init__(self, protocol_version):
+            self.protocol = protocol_version
+            # Use default values from a real SSLContext
+            self.check_hostname = False
+            self.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
+            self.ca_certs = None
+            self.options = 0
+            self.certfile = None
+            self.keyfile = None
+            self.ciphers = None
+
+        def load_cert_chain(self, certfile, keyfile):
+            self.certfile = certfile
+            self.keyfile = keyfile
+
+        def load_verify_locations(self, cafile=None, capath=None, cadata=None):
+            self.ca_certs = cafile
+
+            if capath is not None:
+                raise SSLError("CA directories not supported in older Pythons")
+
+            if cadata is not None:
+                raise SSLError("CA data not supported in older Pythons")
+
+        def set_ciphers(self, cipher_suite):
+            self.ciphers = cipher_suite
+
+        def wrap_socket(self, socket, server_hostname=None, server_side=False):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents "
+                "urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause "
+                "certain SSL connections to fail. You can upgrade to a newer "
+                "version of Python to solve this. For more information, see "
+                "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+                "#ssl-warnings",
+                InsecurePlatformWarning,
+            )
+            kwargs = {
+                "keyfile": self.keyfile,
+                "certfile": self.certfile,
+                "ca_certs": self.ca_certs,
+                "cert_reqs": self.verify_mode,
+                "ssl_version": self.protocol,
+                "server_side": server_side,
+            }
+            return wrap_socket(socket, ciphers=self.ciphers, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assert_fingerprint(cert, fingerprint):
+    """
+    Checks if given fingerprint matches the supplied certificate.
+
+    :param cert:
+        Certificate as bytes object.
+    :param fingerprint:
+        Fingerprint as string of hexdigits, can be interspersed by colons.
+    """
+
+    fingerprint = fingerprint.replace(":", "").lower()
+    digest_length = len(fingerprint)
+    hashfunc = HASHFUNC_MAP.get(digest_length)
+    if not hashfunc:
+        raise SSLError("Fingerprint of invalid length: {0}".format(fingerprint))
+
+    # We need encode() here for py32; works on py2 and p33.
+    fingerprint_bytes = unhexlify(fingerprint.encode())
+
+    cert_digest = hashfunc(cert).digest()
+
+    if not _const_compare_digest(cert_digest, fingerprint_bytes):
+        raise SSLError(
+            'Fingerprints did not match. Expected "{0}", got "{1}".'.format(
+                fingerprint, hexlify(cert_digest)
+            )
+        )
+
+
+def resolve_cert_reqs(candidate):
+    """
+    Resolves the argument to a numeric constant, which can be passed to
+    the wrap_socket function/method from the ssl module.
+    Defaults to :data:`ssl.CERT_REQUIRED`.
+    If given a string it is assumed to be the name of the constant in the
+    :mod:`ssl` module or its abbreviation.
+    (So you can specify `REQUIRED` instead of `CERT_REQUIRED`.
+    If it's neither `None` nor a string we assume it is already the numeric
+    constant which can directly be passed to wrap_socket.
+    """
+    if candidate is None:
+        return CERT_REQUIRED
+
+    if isinstance(candidate, str):
+        res = getattr(ssl, candidate, None)
+        if res is None:
+            res = getattr(ssl, "CERT_" + candidate)
+        return res
+
+    return candidate
+
+
+def resolve_ssl_version(candidate):
+    """
+    like resolve_cert_reqs
+    """
+    if candidate is None:
+        return PROTOCOL_TLS
+
+    if isinstance(candidate, str):
+        res = getattr(ssl, candidate, None)
+        if res is None:
+            res = getattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_" + candidate)
+        return res
+
+    return candidate
+
+
+def create_urllib3_context(
+    ssl_version=None, cert_reqs=None, options=None, ciphers=None
+):
+    """All arguments have the same meaning as ``ssl_wrap_socket``.
+
+    By default, this function does a lot of the same work that
+    ``ssl.create_default_context`` does on Python 3.4+. It:
+
+    - Disables SSLv2, SSLv3, and compression
+    - Sets a restricted set of server ciphers
+
+    If you wish to enable SSLv3, you can do::
+
+        from urllib3.util import ssl_
+        context = ssl_.create_urllib3_context()
+        context.options &= ~ssl_.OP_NO_SSLv3
+
+    You can do the same to enable compression (substituting ``COMPRESSION``
+    for ``SSLv3`` in the last line above).
+
+    :param ssl_version:
+        The desired protocol version to use. This will default to
+        PROTOCOL_SSLv23 which will negotiate the highest protocol that both
+        the server and your installation of OpenSSL support.
+    :param cert_reqs:
+        Whether to require the certificate verification. This defaults to
+        ``ssl.CERT_REQUIRED``.
+    :param options:
+        Specific OpenSSL options. These default to ``ssl.OP_NO_SSLv2``,
+        ``ssl.OP_NO_SSLv3``, ``ssl.OP_NO_COMPRESSION``, and ``ssl.OP_NO_TICKET``.
+    :param ciphers:
+        Which cipher suites to allow the server to select.
+    :returns:
+        Constructed SSLContext object with specified options
+    :rtype: SSLContext
+    """
+    # PROTOCOL_TLS is deprecated in Python 3.10
+    if not ssl_version or ssl_version == PROTOCOL_TLS:
+        ssl_version = PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
+
+    context = SSLContext(ssl_version)
+
+    context.set_ciphers(ciphers or DEFAULT_CIPHERS)
+
+    # Setting the default here, as we may have no ssl module on import
+    cert_reqs = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED if cert_reqs is None else cert_reqs
+
+    if options is None:
+        options = 0
+        # SSLv2 is easily broken and is considered harmful and dangerous
+        options |= OP_NO_SSLv2
+        # SSLv3 has several problems and is now dangerous
+        options |= OP_NO_SSLv3
+        # Disable compression to prevent CRIME attacks for OpenSSL 1.0+
+        # (issue #309)
+        options |= OP_NO_COMPRESSION
+        # TLSv1.2 only. Unless set explicitly, do not request tickets.
+        # This may save some bandwidth on wire, and although the ticket is encrypted,
+        # there is a risk associated with it being on wire,
+        # if the server is not rotating its ticketing keys properly.
+        options |= OP_NO_TICKET
+
+    context.options |= options
+
+    # Enable post-handshake authentication for TLS 1.3, see GH #1634. PHA is
+    # necessary for conditional client cert authentication with TLS 1.3.
+    # The attribute is None for OpenSSL <= 1.1.0 or does not exist in older
+    # versions of Python.  We only enable on Python 3.7.4+ or if certificate
+    # verification is enabled to work around Python issue #37428
+    # See: https://bugs.python.org/issue37428
+    if (cert_reqs == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED or sys.version_info >= (3, 7, 4)) and getattr(
+        context, "post_handshake_auth", None
+    ) is not None:
+        context.post_handshake_auth = True
+
+    def disable_check_hostname():
+        if (
+            getattr(context, "check_hostname", None) is not None
+        ):  # Platform-specific: Python 3.2
+            # We do our own verification, including fingerprints and alternative
+            # hostnames. So disable it here
+            context.check_hostname = False
+
+    # The order of the below lines setting verify_mode and check_hostname
+    # matter due to safe-guards SSLContext has to prevent an SSLContext with
+    # check_hostname=True, verify_mode=NONE/OPTIONAL. This is made even more
+    # complex because we don't know whether PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT will be used
+    # or not so we don't know the initial state of the freshly created SSLContext.
+    if cert_reqs == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED:
+        context.verify_mode = cert_reqs
+        disable_check_hostname()
+    else:
+        disable_check_hostname()
+        context.verify_mode = cert_reqs
+
+    # Enable logging of TLS session keys via defacto standard environment variable
+    # 'SSLKEYLOGFILE', if the feature is available (Python 3.8+). Skip empty values.
+    if hasattr(context, "keylog_filename"):
+        sslkeylogfile = os.environ.get("SSLKEYLOGFILE")
+        if sslkeylogfile:
+            context.keylog_filename = sslkeylogfile
+
+    return context
+
+
+def ssl_wrap_socket(
+    sock,
+    keyfile=None,
+    certfile=None,
+    cert_reqs=None,
+    ca_certs=None,
+    server_hostname=None,
+    ssl_version=None,
+    ciphers=None,
+    ssl_context=None,
+    ca_cert_dir=None,
+    key_password=None,
+    ca_cert_data=None,
+    tls_in_tls=False,
+):
+    """
+    All arguments except for server_hostname, ssl_context, and ca_cert_dir have
+    the same meaning as they do when using :func:`ssl.wrap_socket`.
+
+    :param server_hostname:
+        When SNI is supported, the expected hostname of the certificate
+    :param ssl_context:
+        A pre-made :class:`SSLContext` object. If none is provided, one will
+        be created using :func:`create_urllib3_context`.
+    :param ciphers:
+        A string of ciphers we wish the client to support.
+    :param ca_cert_dir:
+        A directory containing CA certificates in multiple separate files, as
+        supported by OpenSSL's -CApath flag or the capath argument to
+        SSLContext.load_verify_locations().
+    :param key_password:
+        Optional password if the keyfile is encrypted.
+    :param ca_cert_data:
+        Optional string containing CA certificates in PEM format suitable for
+        passing as the cadata parameter to SSLContext.load_verify_locations()
+    :param tls_in_tls:
+        Use SSLTransport to wrap the existing socket.
+    """
+    context = ssl_context
+    if context is None:
+        # Note: This branch of code and all the variables in it are no longer
+        # used by urllib3 itself. We should consider deprecating and removing
+        # this code.
+        context = create_urllib3_context(ssl_version, cert_reqs, ciphers=ciphers)
+
+    if ca_certs or ca_cert_dir or ca_cert_data:
+        try:
+            context.load_verify_locations(ca_certs, ca_cert_dir, ca_cert_data)
+        except (IOError, OSError) as e:
+            raise SSLError(e)
+
+    elif ssl_context is None and hasattr(context, "load_default_certs"):
+        # try to load OS default certs; works well on Windows (require Python3.4+)
+        context.load_default_certs()
+
+    # Attempt to detect if we get the goofy behavior of the
+    # keyfile being encrypted and OpenSSL asking for the
+    # passphrase via the terminal and instead error out.
+    if keyfile and key_password is None and _is_key_file_encrypted(keyfile):
+        raise SSLError("Client private key is encrypted, password is required")
+
+    if certfile:
+        if key_password is None:
+            context.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile)
+        else:
+            context.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile, key_password)
+
+    try:
+        if hasattr(context, "set_alpn_protocols"):
+            context.set_alpn_protocols(ALPN_PROTOCOLS)
+    except NotImplementedError:  # Defensive: in CI, we always have set_alpn_protocols
+        pass
+
+    # If we detect server_hostname is an IP address then the SNI
+    # extension should not be used according to RFC3546 Section 3.1
+    use_sni_hostname = server_hostname and not is_ipaddress(server_hostname)
+    # SecureTransport uses server_hostname in certificate verification.
+    send_sni = (use_sni_hostname and HAS_SNI) or (
+        IS_SECURETRANSPORT and server_hostname
+    )
+    # Do not warn the user if server_hostname is an invalid SNI hostname.
+    if not HAS_SNI and use_sni_hostname:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "An HTTPS request has been made, but the SNI (Server Name "
+            "Indication) extension to TLS is not available on this platform. "
+            "This may cause the server to present an incorrect TLS "
+            "certificate, which can cause validation failures. You can upgrade to "
+            "a newer version of Python to solve this. For more information, see "
+            "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html"
+            "#ssl-warnings",
+            SNIMissingWarning,
+        )
+
+    if send_sni:
+        ssl_sock = _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(
+            sock, context, tls_in_tls, server_hostname=server_hostname
+        )
+    else:
+        ssl_sock = _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(sock, context, tls_in_tls)
+    return ssl_sock
+
+
+def is_ipaddress(hostname):
+    """Detects whether the hostname given is an IPv4 or IPv6 address.
+    Also detects IPv6 addresses with Zone IDs.
+
+    :param str hostname: Hostname to examine.
+    :return: True if the hostname is an IP address, False otherwise.
+    """
+    if not six.PY2 and isinstance(hostname, bytes):
+        # IDN A-label bytes are ASCII compatible.
+        hostname = hostname.decode("ascii")
+    return bool(IPV4_RE.match(hostname) or BRACELESS_IPV6_ADDRZ_RE.match(hostname))
+
+
+def _is_key_file_encrypted(key_file):
+    """Detects if a key file is encrypted or not."""
+    with open(key_file, "r") as f:
+        for line in f:
+            # Look for Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED
+            if "ENCRYPTED" in line:
+                return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(sock, ssl_context, tls_in_tls, server_hostname=None):
+    if tls_in_tls:
+        if not SSLTransport:
+            # Import error, ssl is not available.
+            raise ProxySchemeUnsupported(
+                "TLS in TLS requires support for the 'ssl' module"
+            )
+
+        SSLTransport._validate_ssl_context_for_tls_in_tls(ssl_context)
+        return SSLTransport(sock, ssl_context, server_hostname)
+
+    if server_hostname:
+        return ssl_context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
+    else:
+        return ssl_context.wrap_socket(sock)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_match_hostname.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_match_hostname.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1dd950c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_match_hostname.py
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+"""The match_hostname() function from Python 3.3.3, essential when using SSL."""
+
+# Note: This file is under the PSF license as the code comes from the python
+# stdlib.   http://docs.python.org/3/license.html
+
+import re
+import sys
+
+# ipaddress has been backported to 2.6+ in pypi.  If it is installed on the
+# system, use it to handle IPAddress ServerAltnames (this was added in
+# python-3.5) otherwise only do DNS matching.  This allows
+# util.ssl_match_hostname to continue to be used in Python 2.7.
+try:
+    import ipaddress
+except ImportError:
+    ipaddress = None
+
+__version__ = "3.5.0.1"
+
+
+class CertificateError(ValueError):
+    pass
+
+
+def _dnsname_match(dn, hostname, max_wildcards=1):
+    """Matching according to RFC 6125, section 6.4.3
+
+    http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6125#section-6.4.3
+    """
+    pats = []
+    if not dn:
+        return False
+
+    # Ported from python3-syntax:
+    # leftmost, *remainder = dn.split(r'.')
+    parts = dn.split(r".")
+    leftmost = parts[0]
+    remainder = parts[1:]
+
+    wildcards = leftmost.count("*")
+    if wildcards > max_wildcards:
+        # Issue #17980: avoid denials of service by refusing more
+        # than one wildcard per fragment.  A survey of established
+        # policy among SSL implementations showed it to be a
+        # reasonable choice.
+        raise CertificateError(
+            "too many wildcards in certificate DNS name: " + repr(dn)
+        )
+
+    # speed up common case w/o wildcards
+    if not wildcards:
+        return dn.lower() == hostname.lower()
+
+    # RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 1.
+    # The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier in which
+    # the wildcard character comprises a label other than the left-most label.
+    if leftmost == "*":
+        # When '*' is a fragment by itself, it matches a non-empty dotless
+        # fragment.
+        pats.append("[^.]+")
+    elif leftmost.startswith("xn--") or hostname.startswith("xn--"):
+        # RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 3.
+        # The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier
+        # where the wildcard character is embedded within an A-label or
+        # U-label of an internationalized domain name.
+        pats.append(re.escape(leftmost))
+    else:
+        # Otherwise, '*' matches any dotless string, e.g. www*
+        pats.append(re.escape(leftmost).replace(r"\*", "[^.]*"))
+
+    # add the remaining fragments, ignore any wildcards
+    for frag in remainder:
+        pats.append(re.escape(frag))
+
+    pat = re.compile(r"\A" + r"\.".join(pats) + r"\Z", re.IGNORECASE)
+    return pat.match(hostname)
+
+
+def _to_unicode(obj):
+    if isinstance(obj, str) and sys.version_info < (3,):
+        # ignored flake8 # F821 to support python 2.7 function
+        obj = unicode(obj, encoding="ascii", errors="strict")  # noqa: F821
+    return obj
+
+
+def _ipaddress_match(ipname, host_ip):
+    """Exact matching of IP addresses.
+
+    RFC 6125 explicitly doesn't define an algorithm for this
+    (section 1.7.2 - "Out of Scope").
+    """
+    # OpenSSL may add a trailing newline to a subjectAltName's IP address
+    # Divergence from upstream: ipaddress can't handle byte str
+    ip = ipaddress.ip_address(_to_unicode(ipname).rstrip())
+    return ip == host_ip
+
+
+def match_hostname(cert, hostname):
+    """Verify that *cert* (in decoded format as returned by
+    SSLSocket.getpeercert()) matches the *hostname*.  RFC 2818 and RFC 6125
+    rules are followed, but IP addresses are not accepted for *hostname*.
+
+    CertificateError is raised on failure. On success, the function
+    returns nothing.
+    """
+    if not cert:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "empty or no certificate, match_hostname needs a "
+            "SSL socket or SSL context with either "
+            "CERT_OPTIONAL or CERT_REQUIRED"
+        )
+    try:
+        # Divergence from upstream: ipaddress can't handle byte str
+        host_ip = ipaddress.ip_address(_to_unicode(hostname))
+    except (UnicodeError, ValueError):
+        # ValueError: Not an IP address (common case)
+        # UnicodeError: Divergence from upstream: Have to deal with ipaddress not taking
+        # byte strings.  addresses should be all ascii, so we consider it not
+        # an ipaddress in this case
+        host_ip = None
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Divergence from upstream: Make ipaddress library optional
+        if ipaddress is None:
+            host_ip = None
+        else:  # Defensive
+            raise
+    dnsnames = []
+    san = cert.get("subjectAltName", ())
+    for key, value in san:
+        if key == "DNS":
+            if host_ip is None and _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
+                return
+            dnsnames.append(value)
+        elif key == "IP Address":
+            if host_ip is not None and _ipaddress_match(value, host_ip):
+                return
+            dnsnames.append(value)
+    if not dnsnames:
+        # The subject is only checked when there is no dNSName entry
+        # in subjectAltName
+        for sub in cert.get("subject", ()):
+            for key, value in sub:
+                # XXX according to RFC 2818, the most specific Common Name
+                # must be used.
+                if key == "commonName":
+                    if _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
+                        return
+                    dnsnames.append(value)
+    if len(dnsnames) > 1:
+        raise CertificateError(
+            "hostname %r "
+            "doesn't match either of %s" % (hostname, ", ".join(map(repr, dnsnames)))
+        )
+    elif len(dnsnames) == 1:
+        raise CertificateError("hostname %r doesn't match %r" % (hostname, dnsnames[0]))
+    else:
+        raise CertificateError(
+            "no appropriate commonName or subjectAltName fields were found"
+        )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssltransport.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssltransport.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a7105d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssltransport.py
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+import io
+import socket
+import ssl
+
+from ..exceptions import ProxySchemeUnsupported
+from ..packages import six
+
+SSL_BLOCKSIZE = 16384
+
+
+class SSLTransport:
+    """
+    The SSLTransport wraps an existing socket and establishes an SSL connection.
+
+    Contrary to Python's implementation of SSLSocket, it allows you to chain
+    multiple TLS connections together. It's particularly useful if you need to
+    implement TLS within TLS.
+
+    The class supports most of the socket API operations.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _validate_ssl_context_for_tls_in_tls(ssl_context):
+        """
+        Raises a ProxySchemeUnsupported if the provided ssl_context can't be used
+        for TLS in TLS.
+
+        The only requirement is that the ssl_context provides the 'wrap_bio'
+        methods.
+        """
+
+        if not hasattr(ssl_context, "wrap_bio"):
+            if six.PY2:
+                raise ProxySchemeUnsupported(
+                    "TLS in TLS requires SSLContext.wrap_bio() which isn't "
+                    "supported on Python 2"
+                )
+            else:
+                raise ProxySchemeUnsupported(
+                    "TLS in TLS requires SSLContext.wrap_bio() which isn't "
+                    "available on non-native SSLContext"
+                )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, socket, ssl_context, server_hostname=None, suppress_ragged_eofs=True
+    ):
+        """
+        Create an SSLTransport around socket using the provided ssl_context.
+        """
+        self.incoming = ssl.MemoryBIO()
+        self.outgoing = ssl.MemoryBIO()
+
+        self.suppress_ragged_eofs = suppress_ragged_eofs
+        self.socket = socket
+
+        self.sslobj = ssl_context.wrap_bio(
+            self.incoming, self.outgoing, server_hostname=server_hostname
+        )
+
+        # Perform initial handshake.
+        self._ssl_io_loop(self.sslobj.do_handshake)
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *_):
+        self.close()
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        return self.socket.fileno()
+
+    def read(self, len=1024, buffer=None):
+        return self._wrap_ssl_read(len, buffer)
+
+    def recv(self, len=1024, flags=0):
+        if flags != 0:
+            raise ValueError("non-zero flags not allowed in calls to recv")
+        return self._wrap_ssl_read(len)
+
+    def recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None, flags=0):
+        if flags != 0:
+            raise ValueError("non-zero flags not allowed in calls to recv_into")
+        if buffer and (nbytes is None):
+            nbytes = len(buffer)
+        elif nbytes is None:
+            nbytes = 1024
+        return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
+
+    def sendall(self, data, flags=0):
+        if flags != 0:
+            raise ValueError("non-zero flags not allowed in calls to sendall")
+        count = 0
+        with memoryview(data) as view, view.cast("B") as byte_view:
+            amount = len(byte_view)
+            while count < amount:
+                v = self.send(byte_view[count:])
+                count += v
+
+    def send(self, data, flags=0):
+        if flags != 0:
+            raise ValueError("non-zero flags not allowed in calls to send")
+        response = self._ssl_io_loop(self.sslobj.write, data)
+        return response
+
+    def makefile(
+        self, mode="r", buffering=None, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None
+    ):
+        """
+        Python's httpclient uses makefile and buffered io when reading HTTP
+        messages and we need to support it.
+
+        This is unfortunately a copy and paste of socket.py makefile with small
+        changes to point to the socket directly.
+        """
+        if not set(mode) <= {"r", "w", "b"}:
+            raise ValueError("invalid mode %r (only r, w, b allowed)" % (mode,))
+
+        writing = "w" in mode
+        reading = "r" in mode or not writing
+        assert reading or writing
+        binary = "b" in mode
+        rawmode = ""
+        if reading:
+            rawmode += "r"
+        if writing:
+            rawmode += "w"
+        raw = socket.SocketIO(self, rawmode)
+        self.socket._io_refs += 1
+        if buffering is None:
+            buffering = -1
+        if buffering < 0:
+            buffering = io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE
+        if buffering == 0:
+            if not binary:
+                raise ValueError("unbuffered streams must be binary")
+            return raw
+        if reading and writing:
+            buffer = io.BufferedRWPair(raw, raw, buffering)
+        elif reading:
+            buffer = io.BufferedReader(raw, buffering)
+        else:
+            assert writing
+            buffer = io.BufferedWriter(raw, buffering)
+        if binary:
+            return buffer
+        text = io.TextIOWrapper(buffer, encoding, errors, newline)
+        text.mode = mode
+        return text
+
+    def unwrap(self):
+        self._ssl_io_loop(self.sslobj.unwrap)
+
+    def close(self):
+        self.socket.close()
+
+    def getpeercert(self, binary_form=False):
+        return self.sslobj.getpeercert(binary_form)
+
+    def version(self):
+        return self.sslobj.version()
+
+    def cipher(self):
+        return self.sslobj.cipher()
+
+    def selected_alpn_protocol(self):
+        return self.sslobj.selected_alpn_protocol()
+
+    def selected_npn_protocol(self):
+        return self.sslobj.selected_npn_protocol()
+
+    def shared_ciphers(self):
+        return self.sslobj.shared_ciphers()
+
+    def compression(self):
+        return self.sslobj.compression()
+
+    def settimeout(self, value):
+        self.socket.settimeout(value)
+
+    def gettimeout(self):
+        return self.socket.gettimeout()
+
+    def _decref_socketios(self):
+        self.socket._decref_socketios()
+
+    def _wrap_ssl_read(self, len, buffer=None):
+        try:
+            return self._ssl_io_loop(self.sslobj.read, len, buffer)
+        except ssl.SSLError as e:
+            if e.errno == ssl.SSL_ERROR_EOF and self.suppress_ragged_eofs:
+                return 0  # eof, return 0.
+            else:
+                raise
+
+    def _ssl_io_loop(self, func, *args):
+        """Performs an I/O loop between incoming/outgoing and the socket."""
+        should_loop = True
+        ret = None
+
+        while should_loop:
+            errno = None
+            try:
+                ret = func(*args)
+            except ssl.SSLError as e:
+                if e.errno not in (ssl.SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ, ssl.SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE):
+                    # WANT_READ, and WANT_WRITE are expected, others are not.
+                    raise e
+                errno = e.errno
+
+            buf = self.outgoing.read()
+            self.socket.sendall(buf)
+
+            if errno is None:
+                should_loop = False
+            elif errno == ssl.SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
+                buf = self.socket.recv(SSL_BLOCKSIZE)
+                if buf:
+                    self.incoming.write(buf)
+                else:
+                    self.incoming.write_eof()
+        return ret
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/timeout.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/timeout.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff69593
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/timeout.py
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import time
+
+# The default socket timeout, used by httplib to indicate that no timeout was
+# specified by the user
+from socket import _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+
+from ..exceptions import TimeoutStateError
+
+# A sentinel value to indicate that no timeout was specified by the user in
+# urllib3
+_Default = object()
+
+
+# Use time.monotonic if available.
+current_time = getattr(time, "monotonic", time.time)
+
+
+class Timeout(object):
+    """Timeout configuration.
+
+    Timeouts can be defined as a default for a pool:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+       timeout = Timeout(connect=2.0, read=7.0)
+       http = PoolManager(timeout=timeout)
+       response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/')
+
+    Or per-request (which overrides the default for the pool):
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+       response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/', timeout=Timeout(10))
+
+    Timeouts can be disabled by setting all the parameters to ``None``:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+       no_timeout = Timeout(connect=None, read=None)
+       response = http.request('GET', 'http://example.com/, timeout=no_timeout)
+
+
+    :param total:
+        This combines the connect and read timeouts into one; the read timeout
+        will be set to the time leftover from the connect attempt. In the
+        event that both a connect timeout and a total are specified, or a read
+        timeout and a total are specified, the shorter timeout will be applied.
+
+        Defaults to None.
+
+    :type total: int, float, or None
+
+    :param connect:
+        The maximum amount of time (in seconds) to wait for a connection
+        attempt to a server to succeed. Omitting the parameter will default the
+        connect timeout to the system default, probably `the global default
+        timeout in socket.py
+        <http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/603b4d593758/Lib/socket.py#l535>`_.
+        None will set an infinite timeout for connection attempts.
+
+    :type connect: int, float, or None
+
+    :param read:
+        The maximum amount of time (in seconds) to wait between consecutive
+        read operations for a response from the server. Omitting the parameter
+        will default the read timeout to the system default, probably `the
+        global default timeout in socket.py
+        <http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/603b4d593758/Lib/socket.py#l535>`_.
+        None will set an infinite timeout.
+
+    :type read: int, float, or None
+
+    .. note::
+
+        Many factors can affect the total amount of time for urllib3 to return
+        an HTTP response.
+
+        For example, Python's DNS resolver does not obey the timeout specified
+        on the socket. Other factors that can affect total request time include
+        high CPU load, high swap, the program running at a low priority level,
+        or other behaviors.
+
+        In addition, the read and total timeouts only measure the time between
+        read operations on the socket connecting the client and the server,
+        not the total amount of time for the request to return a complete
+        response. For most requests, the timeout is raised because the server
+        has not sent the first byte in the specified time. This is not always
+        the case; if a server streams one byte every fifteen seconds, a timeout
+        of 20 seconds will not trigger, even though the request will take
+        several minutes to complete.
+
+        If your goal is to cut off any request after a set amount of wall clock
+        time, consider having a second "watcher" thread to cut off a slow
+        request.
+    """
+
+    #: A sentinel object representing the default timeout value
+    DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+
+    def __init__(self, total=None, connect=_Default, read=_Default):
+        self._connect = self._validate_timeout(connect, "connect")
+        self._read = self._validate_timeout(read, "read")
+        self.total = self._validate_timeout(total, "total")
+        self._start_connect = None
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s(connect=%r, read=%r, total=%r)" % (
+            type(self).__name__,
+            self._connect,
+            self._read,
+            self.total,
+        )
+
+    # __str__ provided for backwards compatibility
+    __str__ = __repr__
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _validate_timeout(cls, value, name):
+        """Check that a timeout attribute is valid.
+
+        :param value: The timeout value to validate
+        :param name: The name of the timeout attribute to validate. This is
+            used to specify in error messages.
+        :return: The validated and casted version of the given value.
+        :raises ValueError: If it is a numeric value less than or equal to
+            zero, or the type is not an integer, float, or None.
+        """
+        if value is _Default:
+            return cls.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+
+        if value is None or value is cls.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+            return value
+
+        if isinstance(value, bool):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Timeout cannot be a boolean value. It must "
+                "be an int, float or None."
+            )
+        try:
+            float(value)
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Timeout value %s was %s, but it must be an "
+                "int, float or None." % (name, value)
+            )
+
+        try:
+            if value <= 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Attempted to set %s timeout to %s, but the "
+                    "timeout cannot be set to a value less "
+                    "than or equal to 0." % (name, value)
+                )
+        except TypeError:
+            # Python 3
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Timeout value %s was %s, but it must be an "
+                "int, float or None." % (name, value)
+            )
+
+        return value
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_float(cls, timeout):
+        """Create a new Timeout from a legacy timeout value.
+
+        The timeout value used by httplib.py sets the same timeout on the
+        connect(), and recv() socket requests. This creates a :class:`Timeout`
+        object that sets the individual timeouts to the ``timeout`` value
+        passed to this function.
+
+        :param timeout: The legacy timeout value.
+        :type timeout: integer, float, sentinel default object, or None
+        :return: Timeout object
+        :rtype: :class:`Timeout`
+        """
+        return Timeout(read=timeout, connect=timeout)
+
+    def clone(self):
+        """Create a copy of the timeout object
+
+        Timeout properties are stored per-pool but each request needs a fresh
+        Timeout object to ensure each one has its own start/stop configured.
+
+        :return: a copy of the timeout object
+        :rtype: :class:`Timeout`
+        """
+        # We can't use copy.deepcopy because that will also create a new object
+        # for _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, which socket.py uses as a sentinel to
+        # detect the user default.
+        return Timeout(connect=self._connect, read=self._read, total=self.total)
+
+    def start_connect(self):
+        """Start the timeout clock, used during a connect() attempt
+
+        :raises urllib3.exceptions.TimeoutStateError: if you attempt
+            to start a timer that has been started already.
+        """
+        if self._start_connect is not None:
+            raise TimeoutStateError("Timeout timer has already been started.")
+        self._start_connect = current_time()
+        return self._start_connect
+
+    def get_connect_duration(self):
+        """Gets the time elapsed since the call to :meth:`start_connect`.
+
+        :return: Elapsed time in seconds.
+        :rtype: float
+        :raises urllib3.exceptions.TimeoutStateError: if you attempt
+            to get duration for a timer that hasn't been started.
+        """
+        if self._start_connect is None:
+            raise TimeoutStateError(
+                "Can't get connect duration for timer that has not started."
+            )
+        return current_time() - self._start_connect
+
+    @property
+    def connect_timeout(self):
+        """Get the value to use when setting a connection timeout.
+
+        This will be a positive float or integer, the value None
+        (never timeout), or the default system timeout.
+
+        :return: Connect timeout.
+        :rtype: int, float, :attr:`Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT` or None
+        """
+        if self.total is None:
+            return self._connect
+
+        if self._connect is None or self._connect is self.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+            return self.total
+
+        return min(self._connect, self.total)
+
+    @property
+    def read_timeout(self):
+        """Get the value for the read timeout.
+
+        This assumes some time has elapsed in the connection timeout and
+        computes the read timeout appropriately.
+
+        If self.total is set, the read timeout is dependent on the amount of
+        time taken by the connect timeout. If the connection time has not been
+        established, a :exc:`~urllib3.exceptions.TimeoutStateError` will be
+        raised.
+
+        :return: Value to use for the read timeout.
+        :rtype: int, float, :attr:`Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT` or None
+        :raises urllib3.exceptions.TimeoutStateError: If :meth:`start_connect`
+            has not yet been called on this object.
+        """
+        if (
+            self.total is not None
+            and self.total is not self.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+            and self._read is not None
+            and self._read is not self.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+        ):
+            # In case the connect timeout has not yet been established.
+            if self._start_connect is None:
+                return self._read
+            return max(0, min(self.total - self.get_connect_duration(), self._read))
+        elif self.total is not None and self.total is not self.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+            return max(0, self.total - self.get_connect_duration())
+        else:
+            return self._read
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/url.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/url.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81a03da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/url.py
@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import re
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from ..exceptions import LocationParseError
+from ..packages import six
+
+url_attrs = ["scheme", "auth", "host", "port", "path", "query", "fragment"]
+
+# We only want to normalize urls with an HTTP(S) scheme.
+# urllib3 infers URLs without a scheme (None) to be http.
+NORMALIZABLE_SCHEMES = ("http", "https", None)
+
+# Almost all of these patterns were derived from the
+# 'rfc3986' module: https://github.com/python-hyper/rfc3986
+PERCENT_RE = re.compile(r"%[a-fA-F0-9]{2}")
+SCHEME_RE = re.compile(r"^(?:[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+-]*:|/)")
+URI_RE = re.compile(
+    r"^(?:([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]*):)?"
+    r"(?://([^\\/?#]*))?"
+    r"([^?#]*)"
+    r"(?:\?([^#]*))?"
+    r"(?:#(.*))?$",
+    re.UNICODE | re.DOTALL,
+)
+
+IPV4_PAT = r"(?:[0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}"
+HEX_PAT = "[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}"
+LS32_PAT = "(?:{hex}:{hex}|{ipv4})".format(hex=HEX_PAT, ipv4=IPV4_PAT)
+_subs = {"hex": HEX_PAT, "ls32": LS32_PAT}
+_variations = [
+    #                            6( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(?:%(hex)s:){6}%(ls32)s",
+    #                       "::" 5( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "::(?:%(hex)s:){5}%(ls32)s",
+    # [               h16 ] "::" 4( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(?:%(hex)s)?::(?:%(hex)s:){4}%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *1( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 3( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:)?%(hex)s)?::(?:%(hex)s:){3}%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *2( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 2( h16 ":" ) ls32
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,2}%(hex)s)?::(?:%(hex)s:){2}%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *3( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"    h16 ":"   ls32
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,3}%(hex)s)?::%(hex)s:%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *4( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"              ls32
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,4}%(hex)s)?::%(ls32)s",
+    # [ *5( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"              h16
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,5}%(hex)s)?::%(hex)s",
+    # [ *6( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"
+    "(?:(?:%(hex)s:){0,6}%(hex)s)?::",
+]
+
+UNRESERVED_PAT = r"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789._!\-~"
+IPV6_PAT = "(?:" + "|".join([x % _subs for x in _variations]) + ")"
+ZONE_ID_PAT = "(?:%25|%)(?:[" + UNRESERVED_PAT + "]|%[a-fA-F0-9]{2})+"
+IPV6_ADDRZ_PAT = r"\[" + IPV6_PAT + r"(?:" + ZONE_ID_PAT + r")?\]"
+REG_NAME_PAT = r"(?:[^\[\]%:/?#]|%[a-fA-F0-9]{2})*"
+TARGET_RE = re.compile(r"^(/[^?#]*)(?:\?([^#]*))?(?:#.*)?$")
+
+IPV4_RE = re.compile("^" + IPV4_PAT + "$")
+IPV6_RE = re.compile("^" + IPV6_PAT + "$")
+IPV6_ADDRZ_RE = re.compile("^" + IPV6_ADDRZ_PAT + "$")
+BRACELESS_IPV6_ADDRZ_RE = re.compile("^" + IPV6_ADDRZ_PAT[2:-2] + "$")
+ZONE_ID_RE = re.compile("(" + ZONE_ID_PAT + r")\]$")
+
+_HOST_PORT_PAT = ("^(%s|%s|%s)(?::([0-9]{0,5}))?$") % (
+    REG_NAME_PAT,
+    IPV4_PAT,
+    IPV6_ADDRZ_PAT,
+)
+_HOST_PORT_RE = re.compile(_HOST_PORT_PAT, re.UNICODE | re.DOTALL)
+
+UNRESERVED_CHARS = set(
+    "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789._-~"
+)
+SUB_DELIM_CHARS = set("!$&'()*+,;=")
+USERINFO_CHARS = UNRESERVED_CHARS | SUB_DELIM_CHARS | {":"}
+PATH_CHARS = USERINFO_CHARS | {"@", "/"}
+QUERY_CHARS = FRAGMENT_CHARS = PATH_CHARS | {"?"}
+
+
+class Url(namedtuple("Url", url_attrs)):
+    """
+    Data structure for representing an HTTP URL. Used as a return value for
+    :func:`parse_url`. Both the scheme and host are normalized as they are
+    both case-insensitive according to RFC 3986.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        scheme=None,
+        auth=None,
+        host=None,
+        port=None,
+        path=None,
+        query=None,
+        fragment=None,
+    ):
+        if path and not path.startswith("/"):
+            path = "/" + path
+        if scheme is not None:
+            scheme = scheme.lower()
+        return super(Url, cls).__new__(
+            cls, scheme, auth, host, port, path, query, fragment
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def hostname(self):
+        """For backwards-compatibility with urlparse. We're nice like that."""
+        return self.host
+
+    @property
+    def request_uri(self):
+        """Absolute path including the query string."""
+        uri = self.path or "/"
+
+        if self.query is not None:
+            uri += "?" + self.query
+
+        return uri
+
+    @property
+    def netloc(self):
+        """Network location including host and port"""
+        if self.port:
+            return "%s:%d" % (self.host, self.port)
+        return self.host
+
+    @property
+    def url(self):
+        """
+        Convert self into a url
+
+        This function should more or less round-trip with :func:`.parse_url`. The
+        returned url may not be exactly the same as the url inputted to
+        :func:`.parse_url`, but it should be equivalent by the RFC (e.g., urls
+        with a blank port will have : removed).
+
+        Example: ::
+
+            >>> U = parse_url('http://google.com/mail/')
+            >>> U.url
+            'http://google.com/mail/'
+            >>> Url('http', 'username:password', 'host.com', 80,
+            ... '/path', 'query', 'fragment').url
+            'http://username:password@host.com:80/path?query#fragment'
+        """
+        scheme, auth, host, port, path, query, fragment = self
+        url = u""
+
+        # We use "is not None" we want things to happen with empty strings (or 0 port)
+        if scheme is not None:
+            url += scheme + u"://"
+        if auth is not None:
+            url += auth + u"@"
+        if host is not None:
+            url += host
+        if port is not None:
+            url += u":" + str(port)
+        if path is not None:
+            url += path
+        if query is not None:
+            url += u"?" + query
+        if fragment is not None:
+            url += u"#" + fragment
+
+        return url
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.url
+
+
+def split_first(s, delims):
+    """
+    .. deprecated:: 1.25
+
+    Given a string and an iterable of delimiters, split on the first found
+    delimiter. Return two split parts and the matched delimiter.
+
+    If not found, then the first part is the full input string.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> split_first('foo/bar?baz', '?/=')
+        ('foo', 'bar?baz', '/')
+        >>> split_first('foo/bar?baz', '123')
+        ('foo/bar?baz', '', None)
+
+    Scales linearly with number of delims. Not ideal for large number of delims.
+    """
+    min_idx = None
+    min_delim = None
+    for d in delims:
+        idx = s.find(d)
+        if idx < 0:
+            continue
+
+        if min_idx is None or idx < min_idx:
+            min_idx = idx
+            min_delim = d
+
+    if min_idx is None or min_idx < 0:
+        return s, "", None
+
+    return s[:min_idx], s[min_idx + 1 :], min_delim
+
+
+def _encode_invalid_chars(component, allowed_chars, encoding="utf-8"):
+    """Percent-encodes a URI component without reapplying
+    onto an already percent-encoded component.
+    """
+    if component is None:
+        return component
+
+    component = six.ensure_text(component)
+
+    # Normalize existing percent-encoded bytes.
+    # Try to see if the component we're encoding is already percent-encoded
+    # so we can skip all '%' characters but still encode all others.
+    component, percent_encodings = PERCENT_RE.subn(
+        lambda match: match.group(0).upper(), component
+    )
+
+    uri_bytes = component.encode("utf-8", "surrogatepass")
+    is_percent_encoded = percent_encodings == uri_bytes.count(b"%")
+    encoded_component = bytearray()
+
+    for i in range(0, len(uri_bytes)):
+        # Will return a single character bytestring on both Python 2 & 3
+        byte = uri_bytes[i : i + 1]
+        byte_ord = ord(byte)
+        if (is_percent_encoded and byte == b"%") or (
+            byte_ord < 128 and byte.decode() in allowed_chars
+        ):
+            encoded_component += byte
+            continue
+        encoded_component.extend(b"%" + (hex(byte_ord)[2:].encode().zfill(2).upper()))
+
+    return encoded_component.decode(encoding)
+
+
+def _remove_path_dot_segments(path):
+    # See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.2.4 for pseudo-code
+    segments = path.split("/")  # Turn the path into a list of segments
+    output = []  # Initialize the variable to use to store output
+
+    for segment in segments:
+        # '.' is the current directory, so ignore it, it is superfluous
+        if segment == ".":
+            continue
+        # Anything other than '..', should be appended to the output
+        elif segment != "..":
+            output.append(segment)
+        # In this case segment == '..', if we can, we should pop the last
+        # element
+        elif output:
+            output.pop()
+
+    # If the path starts with '/' and the output is empty or the first string
+    # is non-empty
+    if path.startswith("/") and (not output or output[0]):
+        output.insert(0, "")
+
+    # If the path starts with '/.' or '/..' ensure we add one more empty
+    # string to add a trailing '/'
+    if path.endswith(("/.", "/..")):
+        output.append("")
+
+    return "/".join(output)
+
+
+def _normalize_host(host, scheme):
+    if host:
+        if isinstance(host, six.binary_type):
+            host = six.ensure_str(host)
+
+        if scheme in NORMALIZABLE_SCHEMES:
+            is_ipv6 = IPV6_ADDRZ_RE.match(host)
+            if is_ipv6:
+                match = ZONE_ID_RE.search(host)
+                if match:
+                    start, end = match.span(1)
+                    zone_id = host[start:end]
+
+                    if zone_id.startswith("%25") and zone_id != "%25":
+                        zone_id = zone_id[3:]
+                    else:
+                        zone_id = zone_id[1:]
+                    zone_id = "%" + _encode_invalid_chars(zone_id, UNRESERVED_CHARS)
+                    return host[:start].lower() + zone_id + host[end:]
+                else:
+                    return host.lower()
+            elif not IPV4_RE.match(host):
+                return six.ensure_str(
+                    b".".join([_idna_encode(label) for label in host.split(".")])
+                )
+    return host
+
+
+def _idna_encode(name):
+    if name and any([ord(x) > 128 for x in name]):
+        try:
+            import idna
+        except ImportError:
+            six.raise_from(
+                LocationParseError("Unable to parse URL without the 'idna' module"),
+                None,
+            )
+        try:
+            return idna.encode(name.lower(), strict=True, std3_rules=True)
+        except idna.IDNAError:
+            six.raise_from(
+                LocationParseError(u"Name '%s' is not a valid IDNA label" % name), None
+            )
+    return name.lower().encode("ascii")
+
+
+def _encode_target(target):
+    """Percent-encodes a request target so that there are no invalid characters"""
+    path, query = TARGET_RE.match(target).groups()
+    target = _encode_invalid_chars(path, PATH_CHARS)
+    query = _encode_invalid_chars(query, QUERY_CHARS)
+    if query is not None:
+        target += "?" + query
+    return target
+
+
+def parse_url(url):
+    """
+    Given a url, return a parsed :class:`.Url` namedtuple. Best-effort is
+    performed to parse incomplete urls. Fields not provided will be None.
+    This parser is RFC 3986 compliant.
+
+    The parser logic and helper functions are based heavily on
+    work done in the ``rfc3986`` module.
+
+    :param str url: URL to parse into a :class:`.Url` namedtuple.
+
+    Partly backwards-compatible with :mod:`urlparse`.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> parse_url('http://google.com/mail/')
+        Url(scheme='http', host='google.com', port=None, path='/mail/', ...)
+        >>> parse_url('google.com:80')
+        Url(scheme=None, host='google.com', port=80, path=None, ...)
+        >>> parse_url('/foo?bar')
+        Url(scheme=None, host=None, port=None, path='/foo', query='bar', ...)
+    """
+    if not url:
+        # Empty
+        return Url()
+
+    source_url = url
+    if not SCHEME_RE.search(url):
+        url = "//" + url
+
+    try:
+        scheme, authority, path, query, fragment = URI_RE.match(url).groups()
+        normalize_uri = scheme is None or scheme.lower() in NORMALIZABLE_SCHEMES
+
+        if scheme:
+            scheme = scheme.lower()
+
+        if authority:
+            auth, _, host_port = authority.rpartition("@")
+            auth = auth or None
+            host, port = _HOST_PORT_RE.match(host_port).groups()
+            if auth and normalize_uri:
+                auth = _encode_invalid_chars(auth, USERINFO_CHARS)
+            if port == "":
+                port = None
+        else:
+            auth, host, port = None, None, None
+
+        if port is not None:
+            port = int(port)
+            if not (0 <= port <= 65535):
+                raise LocationParseError(url)
+
+        host = _normalize_host(host, scheme)
+
+        if normalize_uri and path:
+            path = _remove_path_dot_segments(path)
+            path = _encode_invalid_chars(path, PATH_CHARS)
+        if normalize_uri and query:
+            query = _encode_invalid_chars(query, QUERY_CHARS)
+        if normalize_uri and fragment:
+            fragment = _encode_invalid_chars(fragment, FRAGMENT_CHARS)
+
+    except (ValueError, AttributeError):
+        return six.raise_from(LocationParseError(source_url), None)
+
+    # For the sake of backwards compatibility we put empty
+    # string values for path if there are any defined values
+    # beyond the path in the URL.
+    # TODO: Remove this when we break backwards compatibility.
+    if not path:
+        if query is not None or fragment is not None:
+            path = ""
+        else:
+            path = None
+
+    # Ensure that each part of the URL is a `str` for
+    # backwards compatibility.
+    if isinstance(url, six.text_type):
+        ensure_func = six.ensure_text
+    else:
+        ensure_func = six.ensure_str
+
+    def ensure_type(x):
+        return x if x is None else ensure_func(x)
+
+    return Url(
+        scheme=ensure_type(scheme),
+        auth=ensure_type(auth),
+        host=ensure_type(host),
+        port=port,
+        path=ensure_type(path),
+        query=ensure_type(query),
+        fragment=ensure_type(fragment),
+    )
+
+
+def get_host(url):
+    """
+    Deprecated. Use :func:`parse_url` instead.
+    """
+    p = parse_url(url)
+    return p.scheme or "http", p.hostname, p.port
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/wait.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/wait.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c280646
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/wait.py
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+import errno
+import select
+import sys
+from functools import partial
+
+try:
+    from time import monotonic
+except ImportError:
+    from time import time as monotonic
+
+__all__ = ["NoWayToWaitForSocketError", "wait_for_read", "wait_for_write"]
+
+
+class NoWayToWaitForSocketError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+# How should we wait on sockets?
+#
+# There are two types of APIs you can use for waiting on sockets: the fancy
+# modern stateful APIs like epoll/kqueue, and the older stateless APIs like
+# select/poll. The stateful APIs are more efficient when you have a lots of
+# sockets to keep track of, because you can set them up once and then use them
+# lots of times. But we only ever want to wait on a single socket at a time
+# and don't want to keep track of state, so the stateless APIs are actually
+# more efficient. So we want to use select() or poll().
+#
+# Now, how do we choose between select() and poll()? On traditional Unixes,
+# select() has a strange calling convention that makes it slow, or fail
+# altogether, for high-numbered file descriptors. The point of poll() is to fix
+# that, so on Unixes, we prefer poll().
+#
+# On Windows, there is no poll() (or at least Python doesn't provide a wrapper
+# for it), but that's OK, because on Windows, select() doesn't have this
+# strange calling convention; plain select() works fine.
+#
+# So: on Windows we use select(), and everywhere else we use poll(). We also
+# fall back to select() in case poll() is somehow broken or missing.
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 5):
+    # Modern Python, that retries syscalls by default
+    def _retry_on_intr(fn, timeout):
+        return fn(timeout)
+
+
+else:
+    # Old and broken Pythons.
+    def _retry_on_intr(fn, timeout):
+        if timeout is None:
+            deadline = float("inf")
+        else:
+            deadline = monotonic() + timeout
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                return fn(timeout)
+            # OSError for 3 <= pyver < 3.5, select.error for pyver <= 2.7
+            except (OSError, select.error) as e:
+                # 'e.args[0]' incantation works for both OSError and select.error
+                if e.args[0] != errno.EINTR:
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    timeout = deadline - monotonic()
+                    if timeout < 0:
+                        timeout = 0
+                    if timeout == float("inf"):
+                        timeout = None
+                    continue
+
+
+def select_wait_for_socket(sock, read=False, write=False, timeout=None):
+    if not read and not write:
+        raise RuntimeError("must specify at least one of read=True, write=True")
+    rcheck = []
+    wcheck = []
+    if read:
+        rcheck.append(sock)
+    if write:
+        wcheck.append(sock)
+    # When doing a non-blocking connect, most systems signal success by
+    # marking the socket writable. Windows, though, signals success by marked
+    # it as "exceptional". We paper over the difference by checking the write
+    # sockets for both conditions. (The stdlib selectors module does the same
+    # thing.)
+    fn = partial(select.select, rcheck, wcheck, wcheck)
+    rready, wready, xready = _retry_on_intr(fn, timeout)
+    return bool(rready or wready or xready)
+
+
+def poll_wait_for_socket(sock, read=False, write=False, timeout=None):
+    if not read and not write:
+        raise RuntimeError("must specify at least one of read=True, write=True")
+    mask = 0
+    if read:
+        mask |= select.POLLIN
+    if write:
+        mask |= select.POLLOUT
+    poll_obj = select.poll()
+    poll_obj.register(sock, mask)
+
+    # For some reason, poll() takes timeout in milliseconds
+    def do_poll(t):
+        if t is not None:
+            t *= 1000
+        return poll_obj.poll(t)
+
+    return bool(_retry_on_intr(do_poll, timeout))
+
+
+def null_wait_for_socket(*args, **kwargs):
+    raise NoWayToWaitForSocketError("no select-equivalent available")
+
+
+def _have_working_poll():
+    # Apparently some systems have a select.poll that fails as soon as you try
+    # to use it, either due to strange configuration or broken monkeypatching
+    # from libraries like eventlet/greenlet.
+    try:
+        poll_obj = select.poll()
+        _retry_on_intr(poll_obj.poll, 0)
+    except (AttributeError, OSError):
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
+
+
+def wait_for_socket(*args, **kwargs):
+    # We delay choosing which implementation to use until the first time we're
+    # called. We could do it at import time, but then we might make the wrong
+    # decision if someone goes wild with monkeypatching select.poll after
+    # we're imported.
+    global wait_for_socket
+    if _have_working_poll():
+        wait_for_socket = poll_wait_for_socket
+    elif hasattr(select, "select"):
+        wait_for_socket = select_wait_for_socket
+    else:  # Platform-specific: Appengine.
+        wait_for_socket = null_wait_for_socket
+    return wait_for_socket(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def wait_for_read(sock, timeout=None):
+    """Waits for reading to be available on a given socket.
+    Returns True if the socket is readable, or False if the timeout expired.
+    """
+    return wait_for_socket(sock, read=True, timeout=timeout)
+
+
+def wait_for_write(sock, timeout=None):
+    """Waits for writing to be available on a given socket.
+    Returns True if the socket is readable, or False if the timeout expired.
+    """
+    return wait_for_socket(sock, write=True, timeout=timeout)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/INSTALLER b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/LICENSE b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..119b29e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Copyright (c) 2013-2021 Aymeric Augustin and contributors.
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+      and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+    * Neither the name of websockets nor the names of its contributors may
+      be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+      specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/METADATA b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94ed1f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: websockets
+Version: 10.2
+Summary: An implementation of the WebSocket Protocol (RFC 6455 & 7692)
+Home-page: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets
+Author: Aymeric Augustin
+Author-email: aymeric.augustin@m4x.org
+License: BSD
+Project-URL: Changelog, https://websockets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/project/changelog.html
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://websockets.readthedocs.io/
+Project-URL: Funding, https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-websockets?utm_source=pypi-websockets&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=readme
+Project-URL: Tracker, https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets/issues
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Requires-Python: >=3.7
+License-File: LICENSE
+
+.. image:: logo/horizontal.svg
+   :width: 480px
+   :alt: websockets
+
+|licence| |version| |pyversions| |wheel| |tests| |docs|
+
+.. |licence| image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/l/websockets.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/websockets
+
+.. |version| image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/websockets.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/websockets
+
+.. |pyversions| image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/websockets.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/websockets
+
+.. |wheel| image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/wheel/websockets.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/websockets
+
+.. |tests| image:: https://img.shields.io/github/checks-status/aaugustin/websockets/main
+   :target: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets/actions/workflows/tests.yml
+
+.. |docs| image:: https://img.shields.io/readthedocs/websockets.svg
+   :target: https://websockets.readthedocs.io/
+
+What is ``websockets``?
+-----------------------
+
+websockets is a library for building WebSocket_ servers and clients in Python
+with a focus on correctness, simplicity, robustness, and performance.
+
+.. _WebSocket: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebSockets_API
+
+Built on top of ``asyncio``, Python's standard asynchronous I/O framework, it
+provides an elegant coroutine-based API.
+
+`Documentation is available on Read the Docs. <https://websockets.readthedocs.io/>`_
+
+Here's how a client sends and receives messages:
+
+.. copy-pasted because GitHub doesn't support the include directive
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    #!/usr/bin/env python
+
+    import asyncio
+    from websockets import connect
+
+    async def hello(uri):
+        async with connect(uri) as websocket:
+            await websocket.send("Hello world!")
+            await websocket.recv()
+
+    asyncio.run(hello("ws://localhost:8765"))
+
+And here's an echo server:
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    #!/usr/bin/env python
+
+    import asyncio
+    from websockets import serve
+
+    async def echo(websocket):
+        async for message in websocket:
+            await websocket.send(message)
+
+    async def main():
+        async with serve(echo, "localhost", 8765):
+            await asyncio.Future()  # run forever
+
+    asyncio.run(main())
+
+Does that look good?
+
+`Get started with the tutorial! <https://websockets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/intro/index.html>`_
+
+Why should I use ``websockets``?
+--------------------------------
+
+The development of ``websockets`` is shaped by four principles:
+
+1. **Correctness**: ``websockets`` is heavily tested for compliance
+   with :rfc:`6455`. Continuous integration fails under 100% branch
+   coverage.
+
+2. **Simplicity**: all you need to understand is ``msg = await ws.recv()`` and
+   ``await ws.send(msg)``. ``websockets`` takes care of managing connections
+   so you can focus on your application.
+
+3. **Robustness**: ``websockets`` is built for production. For example, it was
+   the only library to `handle backpressure correctly`_ before the issue
+   became widely known in the Python community.
+
+4. **Performance**: memory usage is optimized and configurable. A C extension
+   accelerates expensive operations. It's pre-compiled for Linux, macOS and
+   Windows and packaged in the wheel format for each system and Python version.
+
+Documentation is a first class concern in the project. Head over to `Read the
+Docs`_ and see for yourself.
+
+.. _Read the Docs: https://websockets.readthedocs.io/
+.. _handle backpressure correctly: https://vorpus.org/blog/some-thoughts-on-asynchronous-api-design-in-a-post-asyncawait-world/#websocket-servers
+
+Why shouldn't I use ``websockets``?
+-----------------------------------
+
+* If you prefer callbacks over coroutines: ``websockets`` was created to
+  provide the best coroutine-based API to manage WebSocket connections in
+  Python. Pick another library for a callback-based API.
+
+* If you're looking for a mixed HTTP / WebSocket library: ``websockets`` aims
+  at being an excellent implementation of :rfc:`6455`: The WebSocket Protocol
+  and :rfc:`7692`: Compression Extensions for WebSocket. Its support for HTTP
+  is minimal — just enough for a HTTP health check.
+
+  If you want do to both in the same server, look at HTTP frameworks that
+  build on top of ``websockets`` to support WebSocket connections, like
+  Sanic_.
+
+.. _Sanic: https://sanicframework.org/en/
+
+What else?
+----------
+
+Bug reports, patches and suggestions are welcome!
+
+To report a security vulnerability, please use the `Tidelift security
+contact`_. Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure.
+
+.. _Tidelift security contact: https://tidelift.com/security
+
+For anything else, please open an issue_ or send a `pull request`_.
+
+.. _issue: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets/issues/new
+.. _pull request: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets/compare/
+
+Participants must uphold the `Contributor Covenant code of conduct`_.
+
+.. _Contributor Covenant code of conduct: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
+
+``websockets`` is released under the `BSD license`_.
+
+.. _BSD license: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets/blob/main/LICENSE
+
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/RECORD b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4113a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
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+websockets/speedups.cpython-39-darwin.so,sha256=mb6dSNZ-IAR7qO9jcVwvo2GLRuLvuUwGdVrm026gV2Y,34664
+websockets/streams.py,sha256=8nv62HYyS74t_JSWGie4SoYAz8-jMcQacaHnD0RkK90,4038
+websockets/typing.py,sha256=yx0SxSmil5JfG4fUtj-dgyR1UcW5wwmvgqtEOmcJxm4,1384
+websockets/uri.py,sha256=HNPqnMY_PHyWGTu24L8Qx4VMrEU3wiH9zmDZaOJNznE,3201
+websockets/utils.py,sha256=QBhgbXn9ZvvLEzj-X8-zSHWVMkUqc6Wm-_HBjga5RNM,1150
+websockets/version.py,sha256=PIRyqNemKAmpYwFl-StLWWuvMdCZwjHUjsVMxiUGdrU,2719
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/WHEEL b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c3644e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: false
+Tag: cp39-cp39-macosx_10_9_x86_64
+
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/top_level.txt b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5474af7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets-10.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+websockets
+websockets/extensions
+websockets/legacy
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec34841
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .imports import lazy_import
+from .version import version as __version__  # noqa
+
+
+__all__ = [  # noqa
+    "AbortHandshake",
+    "basic_auth_protocol_factory",
+    "BasicAuthWebSocketServerProtocol",
+    "broadcast",
+    "ClientConnection",
+    "connect",
+    "ConnectionClosed",
+    "ConnectionClosedError",
+    "ConnectionClosedOK",
+    "Data",
+    "DuplicateParameter",
+    "ExtensionName",
+    "ExtensionParameter",
+    "InvalidHandshake",
+    "InvalidHeader",
+    "InvalidHeaderFormat",
+    "InvalidHeaderValue",
+    "InvalidMessage",
+    "InvalidOrigin",
+    "InvalidParameterName",
+    "InvalidParameterValue",
+    "InvalidState",
+    "InvalidStatus",
+    "InvalidStatusCode",
+    "InvalidUpgrade",
+    "InvalidURI",
+    "LoggerLike",
+    "NegotiationError",
+    "Origin",
+    "parse_uri",
+    "PayloadTooBig",
+    "ProtocolError",
+    "RedirectHandshake",
+    "SecurityError",
+    "serve",
+    "ServerConnection",
+    "Subprotocol",
+    "unix_connect",
+    "unix_serve",
+    "WebSocketClientProtocol",
+    "WebSocketCommonProtocol",
+    "WebSocketException",
+    "WebSocketProtocolError",
+    "WebSocketServer",
+    "WebSocketServerProtocol",
+    "WebSocketURI",
+]
+
+lazy_import(
+    globals(),
+    aliases={
+        "auth": ".legacy",
+        "basic_auth_protocol_factory": ".legacy.auth",
+        "BasicAuthWebSocketServerProtocol": ".legacy.auth",
+        "broadcast": ".legacy.protocol",
+        "ClientConnection": ".client",
+        "connect": ".legacy.client",
+        "unix_connect": ".legacy.client",
+        "WebSocketClientProtocol": ".legacy.client",
+        "Headers": ".datastructures",
+        "MultipleValuesError": ".datastructures",
+        "WebSocketException": ".exceptions",
+        "ConnectionClosed": ".exceptions",
+        "ConnectionClosedError": ".exceptions",
+        "ConnectionClosedOK": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidHandshake": ".exceptions",
+        "SecurityError": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidMessage": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidHeader": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidHeaderFormat": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidHeaderValue": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidOrigin": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidUpgrade": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidStatus": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidStatusCode": ".exceptions",
+        "NegotiationError": ".exceptions",
+        "DuplicateParameter": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidParameterName": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidParameterValue": ".exceptions",
+        "AbortHandshake": ".exceptions",
+        "RedirectHandshake": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidState": ".exceptions",
+        "InvalidURI": ".exceptions",
+        "PayloadTooBig": ".exceptions",
+        "ProtocolError": ".exceptions",
+        "WebSocketProtocolError": ".exceptions",
+        "protocol": ".legacy",
+        "WebSocketCommonProtocol": ".legacy.protocol",
+        "ServerConnection": ".server",
+        "serve": ".legacy.server",
+        "unix_serve": ".legacy.server",
+        "WebSocketServerProtocol": ".legacy.server",
+        "WebSocketServer": ".legacy.server",
+        "Data": ".typing",
+        "LoggerLike": ".typing",
+        "Origin": ".typing",
+        "ExtensionHeader": ".typing",
+        "ExtensionParameter": ".typing",
+        "Subprotocol": ".typing",
+    },
+    deprecated_aliases={
+        "framing": ".legacy",
+        "handshake": ".legacy",
+        "parse_uri": ".uri",
+        "WebSocketURI": ".uri",
+    },
+)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/__main__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c562d21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import os
+import signal
+import sys
+import threading
+from typing import Any, Set
+
+from .exceptions import ConnectionClosed
+from .frames import Close
+from .legacy.client import connect
+from .version import version as websockets_version
+
+
+if sys.platform == "win32":
+
+    def win_enable_vt100() -> None:
+        """
+        Enable VT-100 for console output on Windows.
+
+        See also https://bugs.python.org/issue29059.
+
+        """
+        import ctypes
+
+        STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = ctypes.c_uint(-11)
+        INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = ctypes.c_uint(-1)
+        ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING = 0x004
+
+        handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
+        if handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE:
+            raise RuntimeError("unable to obtain stdout handle")
+
+        cur_mode = ctypes.c_uint()
+        if ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleMode(handle, ctypes.byref(cur_mode)) == 0:
+            raise RuntimeError("unable to query current console mode")
+
+        # ctypes ints lack support for the required bit-OR operation.
+        # Temporarily convert to Py int, do the OR and convert back.
+        py_int_mode = int.from_bytes(cur_mode, sys.byteorder)
+        new_mode = ctypes.c_uint(py_int_mode | ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING)
+
+        if ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleMode(handle, new_mode) == 0:
+            raise RuntimeError("unable to set console mode")
+
+
+def exit_from_event_loop_thread(
+    loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop,
+    stop: asyncio.Future[None],
+) -> None:
+    loop.stop()
+    if not stop.done():
+        # When exiting the thread that runs the event loop, raise
+        # KeyboardInterrupt in the main thread to exit the program.
+        if sys.platform == "win32":
+            ctrl_c = signal.CTRL_C_EVENT
+        else:
+            ctrl_c = signal.SIGINT
+        os.kill(os.getpid(), ctrl_c)
+
+
+def print_during_input(string: str) -> None:
+    sys.stdout.write(
+        # Save cursor position
+        "\N{ESC}7"
+        # Add a new line
+        "\N{LINE FEED}"
+        # Move cursor up
+        "\N{ESC}[A"
+        # Insert blank line, scroll last line down
+        "\N{ESC}[L"
+        # Print string in the inserted blank line
+        f"{string}\N{LINE FEED}"
+        # Restore cursor position
+        "\N{ESC}8"
+        # Move cursor down
+        "\N{ESC}[B"
+    )
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+
+def print_over_input(string: str) -> None:
+    sys.stdout.write(
+        # Move cursor to beginning of line
+        "\N{CARRIAGE RETURN}"
+        # Delete current line
+        "\N{ESC}[K"
+        # Print string
+        f"{string}\N{LINE FEED}"
+    )
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+
+async def run_client(
+    uri: str,
+    loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop,
+    inputs: asyncio.Queue[str],
+    stop: asyncio.Future[None],
+) -> None:
+    try:
+        websocket = await connect(uri)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        print_over_input(f"Failed to connect to {uri}: {exc}.")
+        exit_from_event_loop_thread(loop, stop)
+        return
+    else:
+        print_during_input(f"Connected to {uri}.")
+
+    try:
+        while True:
+            incoming: asyncio.Future[Any] = asyncio.create_task(websocket.recv())
+            outgoing: asyncio.Future[Any] = asyncio.create_task(inputs.get())
+            done: Set[asyncio.Future[Any]]
+            pending: Set[asyncio.Future[Any]]
+            done, pending = await asyncio.wait(
+                [incoming, outgoing, stop], return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED
+            )
+
+            # Cancel pending tasks to avoid leaking them.
+            if incoming in pending:
+                incoming.cancel()
+            if outgoing in pending:
+                outgoing.cancel()
+
+            if incoming in done:
+                try:
+                    message = incoming.result()
+                except ConnectionClosed:
+                    break
+                else:
+                    if isinstance(message, str):
+                        print_during_input("< " + message)
+                    else:
+                        print_during_input("< (binary) " + message.hex())
+
+            if outgoing in done:
+                message = outgoing.result()
+                await websocket.send(message)
+
+            if stop in done:
+                break
+
+    finally:
+        await websocket.close()
+        assert websocket.close_code is not None and websocket.close_reason is not None
+        close_status = Close(websocket.close_code, websocket.close_reason)
+
+        print_over_input(f"Connection closed: {close_status}.")
+
+        exit_from_event_loop_thread(loop, stop)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    # Parse command line arguments.
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        prog="python -m websockets",
+        description="Interactive WebSocket client.",
+        add_help=False,
+    )
+    group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
+    group.add_argument("--version", action="store_true")
+    group.add_argument("uri", metavar="<uri>", nargs="?")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    if args.version:
+        print(f"websockets {websockets_version}")
+        return
+
+    if args.uri is None:
+        parser.error("the following arguments are required: <uri>")
+
+    # If we're on Windows, enable VT100 terminal support.
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        try:
+            win_enable_vt100()
+        except RuntimeError as exc:
+            sys.stderr.write(
+                f"Unable to set terminal to VT100 mode. This is only "
+                f"supported since Win10 anniversary update. Expect "
+                f"weird symbols on the terminal.\nError: {exc}\n"
+            )
+            sys.stderr.flush()
+
+    try:
+        import readline  # noqa
+    except ImportError:  # Windows has no `readline` normally
+        pass
+
+    # Create an event loop that will run in a background thread.
+    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+
+    # Due to zealous removal of the loop parameter in the Queue constructor,
+    # we need a factory coroutine to run in the freshly created event loop.
+    async def queue_factory() -> asyncio.Queue[str]:
+        return asyncio.Queue()
+
+    # Create a queue of user inputs. There's no need to limit its size.
+    inputs: asyncio.Queue[str] = loop.run_until_complete(queue_factory())
+
+    # Create a stop condition when receiving SIGINT or SIGTERM.
+    stop: asyncio.Future[None] = loop.create_future()
+
+    # Schedule the task that will manage the connection.
+    loop.create_task(run_client(args.uri, loop, inputs, stop))
+
+    # Start the event loop in a background thread.
+    thread = threading.Thread(target=loop.run_forever)
+    thread.start()
+
+    # Read from stdin in the main thread in order to receive signals.
+    try:
+        while True:
+            # Since there's no size limit, put_nowait is identical to put.
+            message = input("> ")
+            loop.call_soon_threadsafe(inputs.put_nowait, message)
+    except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):  # ^C, ^D
+        loop.call_soon_threadsafe(stop.set_result, None)
+
+    # Wait for the event loop to terminate.
+    thread.join()
+
+    # For reasons unclear, even though the loop is closed in the thread,
+    # it still thinks it's running here.
+    loop.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/auth.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/auth.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..afcb38c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+# See #940 for why lazy_import isn't used here for backwards compatibility.
+from .legacy.auth import *  # noqa
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/client.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/client.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a904b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/client.py
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Generator, List, Optional, Sequence
+
+from .connection import CLIENT, CONNECTING, OPEN, Connection, State
+from .datastructures import Headers, MultipleValuesError
+from .exceptions import (
+    InvalidHandshake,
+    InvalidHeader,
+    InvalidHeaderValue,
+    InvalidStatus,
+    InvalidUpgrade,
+    NegotiationError,
+)
+from .extensions import ClientExtensionFactory, Extension
+from .headers import (
+    build_authorization_basic,
+    build_extension,
+    build_host,
+    build_subprotocol,
+    parse_connection,
+    parse_extension,
+    parse_subprotocol,
+    parse_upgrade,
+)
+from .http import USER_AGENT
+from .http11 import Request, Response
+from .typing import (
+    ConnectionOption,
+    ExtensionHeader,
+    LoggerLike,
+    Origin,
+    Subprotocol,
+    UpgradeProtocol,
+)
+from .uri import WebSocketURI
+from .utils import accept_key, generate_key
+
+
+# See #940 for why lazy_import isn't used here for backwards compatibility.
+from .legacy.client import *  # isort:skip  # noqa
+
+
+__all__ = ["ClientConnection"]
+
+
+class ClientConnection(Connection):
+    """
+    Sans-I/O implementation of a WebSocket client connection.
+
+    Args:
+        wsuri: URI of the WebSocket server, parsed
+            with :func:`~websockets.uri.parse_uri`.
+        origin: value of the ``Origin`` header. This is useful when connecting
+            to a server that validates the ``Origin`` header to defend against
+            Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking attacks.
+        extensions: list of supported extensions, in order in which they
+            should be tried.
+        subprotocols: list of supported subprotocols, in order of decreasing
+            preference.
+        state: initial state of the WebSocket connection.
+        max_size: maximum size of incoming messages in bytes;
+            :obj:`None` to disable the limit.
+        logger: logger for this connection;
+            defaults to ``logging.getLogger("websockets.client")``;
+            see the :doc:`logging guide <../topics/logging>` for details.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        wsuri: WebSocketURI,
+        origin: Optional[Origin] = None,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[ClientExtensionFactory]] = None,
+        subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]] = None,
+        state: State = CONNECTING,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = 2**20,
+        logger: Optional[LoggerLike] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            side=CLIENT,
+            state=state,
+            max_size=max_size,
+            logger=logger,
+        )
+        self.wsuri = wsuri
+        self.origin = origin
+        self.available_extensions = extensions
+        self.available_subprotocols = subprotocols
+        self.key = generate_key()
+
+    def connect(self) -> Request:  # noqa: F811
+        """
+        Create a handshake request to open a connection.
+
+        You must send the handshake request with :meth:`send_request`.
+
+        You can modify it before sending it, for example to add HTTP headers.
+
+        Returns:
+            Request: WebSocket handshake request event to send to the server.
+
+        """
+        headers = Headers()
+
+        headers["Host"] = build_host(
+            self.wsuri.host, self.wsuri.port, self.wsuri.secure
+        )
+
+        if self.wsuri.user_info:
+            headers["Authorization"] = build_authorization_basic(*self.wsuri.user_info)
+
+        if self.origin is not None:
+            headers["Origin"] = self.origin
+
+        headers["Upgrade"] = "websocket"
+        headers["Connection"] = "Upgrade"
+        headers["Sec-WebSocket-Key"] = self.key
+        headers["Sec-WebSocket-Version"] = "13"
+
+        if self.available_extensions is not None:
+            extensions_header = build_extension(
+                [
+                    (extension_factory.name, extension_factory.get_request_params())
+                    for extension_factory in self.available_extensions
+                ]
+            )
+            headers["Sec-WebSocket-Extensions"] = extensions_header
+
+        if self.available_subprotocols is not None:
+            protocol_header = build_subprotocol(self.available_subprotocols)
+            headers["Sec-WebSocket-Protocol"] = protocol_header
+
+        headers["User-Agent"] = USER_AGENT
+
+        return Request(self.wsuri.resource_name, headers)
+
+    def process_response(self, response: Response) -> None:
+        """
+        Check a handshake response.
+
+        Args:
+            request: WebSocket handshake response received from the server.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidHandshake: if the handshake response is invalid.
+
+        """
+
+        if response.status_code != 101:
+            raise InvalidStatus(response)
+
+        headers = response.headers
+
+        connection: List[ConnectionOption] = sum(
+            [parse_connection(value) for value in headers.get_all("Connection")], []
+        )
+
+        if not any(value.lower() == "upgrade" for value in connection):
+            raise InvalidUpgrade(
+                "Connection", ", ".join(connection) if connection else None
+            )
+
+        upgrade: List[UpgradeProtocol] = sum(
+            [parse_upgrade(value) for value in headers.get_all("Upgrade")], []
+        )
+
+        # For compatibility with non-strict implementations, ignore case when
+        # checking the Upgrade header. It's supposed to be 'WebSocket'.
+        if not (len(upgrade) == 1 and upgrade[0].lower() == "websocket"):
+            raise InvalidUpgrade("Upgrade", ", ".join(upgrade) if upgrade else None)
+
+        try:
+            s_w_accept = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Accept"]
+        except KeyError as exc:
+            raise InvalidHeader("Sec-WebSocket-Accept") from exc
+        except MultipleValuesError as exc:
+            raise InvalidHeader(
+                "Sec-WebSocket-Accept",
+                "more than one Sec-WebSocket-Accept header found",
+            ) from exc
+
+        if s_w_accept != accept_key(self.key):
+            raise InvalidHeaderValue("Sec-WebSocket-Accept", s_w_accept)
+
+        self.extensions = self.process_extensions(headers)
+
+        self.subprotocol = self.process_subprotocol(headers)
+
+    def process_extensions(self, headers: Headers) -> List[Extension]:
+        """
+        Handle the Sec-WebSocket-Extensions HTTP response header.
+
+        Check that each extension is supported, as well as its parameters.
+
+        :rfc:`6455` leaves the rules up to the specification of each
+        extension.
+
+        To provide this level of flexibility, for each extension accepted by
+        the server, we check for a match with each extension available in the
+        client configuration. If no match is found, an exception is raised.
+
+        If several variants of the same extension are accepted by the server,
+        it may be configured several times, which won't make sense in general.
+        Extensions must implement their own requirements. For this purpose,
+        the list of previously accepted extensions is provided.
+
+        Other requirements, for example related to mandatory extensions or the
+        order of extensions, may be implemented by overriding this method.
+
+        Args:
+            headers: WebSocket handshake response headers.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[Extension]: List of accepted extensions.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidHandshake: to abort the handshake.
+
+        """
+        accepted_extensions: List[Extension] = []
+
+        extensions = headers.get_all("Sec-WebSocket-Extensions")
+
+        if extensions:
+
+            if self.available_extensions is None:
+                raise InvalidHandshake("no extensions supported")
+
+            parsed_extensions: List[ExtensionHeader] = sum(
+                [parse_extension(header_value) for header_value in extensions], []
+            )
+
+            for name, response_params in parsed_extensions:
+
+                for extension_factory in self.available_extensions:
+
+                    # Skip non-matching extensions based on their name.
+                    if extension_factory.name != name:
+                        continue
+
+                    # Skip non-matching extensions based on their params.
+                    try:
+                        extension = extension_factory.process_response_params(
+                            response_params, accepted_extensions
+                        )
+                    except NegotiationError:
+                        continue
+
+                    # Add matching extension to the final list.
+                    accepted_extensions.append(extension)
+
+                    # Break out of the loop once we have a match.
+                    break
+
+                # If we didn't break from the loop, no extension in our list
+                # matched what the server sent. Fail the connection.
+                else:
+                    raise NegotiationError(
+                        f"Unsupported extension: "
+                        f"name = {name}, params = {response_params}"
+                    )
+
+        return accepted_extensions
+
+    def process_subprotocol(self, headers: Headers) -> Optional[Subprotocol]:
+        """
+        Handle the Sec-WebSocket-Protocol HTTP response header.
+
+        If provided, check that it contains exactly one supported subprotocol.
+
+        Args:
+            headers: WebSocket handshake response headers.
+
+        Returns:
+           Optional[Subprotocol]: Subprotocol, if one was selected.
+
+        """
+        subprotocol: Optional[Subprotocol] = None
+
+        subprotocols = headers.get_all("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol")
+
+        if subprotocols:
+
+            if self.available_subprotocols is None:
+                raise InvalidHandshake("no subprotocols supported")
+
+            parsed_subprotocols: Sequence[Subprotocol] = sum(
+                [parse_subprotocol(header_value) for header_value in subprotocols], []
+            )
+
+            if len(parsed_subprotocols) > 1:
+                subprotocols_display = ", ".join(parsed_subprotocols)
+                raise InvalidHandshake(f"multiple subprotocols: {subprotocols_display}")
+
+            subprotocol = parsed_subprotocols[0]
+
+            if subprotocol not in self.available_subprotocols:
+                raise NegotiationError(f"unsupported subprotocol: {subprotocol}")
+
+        return subprotocol
+
+    def send_request(self, request: Request) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a handshake request to the server.
+
+        Args:
+            request: WebSocket handshake request event.
+
+        """
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("> GET %s HTTP/1.1", request.path)
+            for key, value in request.headers.raw_items():
+                self.logger.debug("> %s: %s", key, value)
+
+        self.writes.append(request.serialize())
+
+    def parse(self) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+        if self.state is CONNECTING:
+            response = yield from Response.parse(
+                self.reader.read_line,
+                self.reader.read_exact,
+                self.reader.read_to_eof,
+            )
+
+            if self.debug:
+                code, phrase = response.status_code, response.reason_phrase
+                self.logger.debug("< HTTP/1.1 %d %s", code, phrase)
+                for key, value in response.headers.raw_items():
+                    self.logger.debug("< %s: %s", key, value)
+                if response.body is not None:
+                    self.logger.debug("< [body] (%d bytes)", len(response.body))
+
+            try:
+                self.process_response(response)
+            except InvalidHandshake as exc:
+                response.exception = exc
+            else:
+                assert self.state is CONNECTING
+                self.state = OPEN
+            finally:
+                self.events.append(response)
+
+        yield from super().parse()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/connection.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15a40f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,693 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import enum
+import logging
+import uuid
+from typing import Generator, List, Optional, Type, Union
+
+from .exceptions import (
+    ConnectionClosed,
+    ConnectionClosedError,
+    ConnectionClosedOK,
+    InvalidState,
+    PayloadTooBig,
+    ProtocolError,
+)
+from .extensions import Extension
+from .frames import (
+    OK_CLOSE_CODES,
+    OP_BINARY,
+    OP_CLOSE,
+    OP_CONT,
+    OP_PING,
+    OP_PONG,
+    OP_TEXT,
+    Close,
+    Frame,
+)
+from .http11 import Request, Response
+from .streams import StreamReader
+from .typing import LoggerLike, Origin, Subprotocol
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Connection",
+    "Side",
+    "State",
+    "SEND_EOF",
+]
+
+Event = Union[Request, Response, Frame]
+"""Events that :meth:`~Connection.events_received` may return."""
+
+
+class Side(enum.IntEnum):
+    """A WebSocket connection is either a server or a client."""
+
+    SERVER, CLIENT = range(2)
+
+
+SERVER = Side.SERVER
+CLIENT = Side.CLIENT
+
+
+class State(enum.IntEnum):
+    """A WebSocket connection is in one of these four states."""
+
+    CONNECTING, OPEN, CLOSING, CLOSED = range(4)
+
+
+CONNECTING = State.CONNECTING
+OPEN = State.OPEN
+CLOSING = State.CLOSING
+CLOSED = State.CLOSED
+
+
+SEND_EOF = b""
+"""Sentinel signaling that the TCP connection must be half-closed."""
+
+
+class Connection:
+    """
+    Sans-I/O implementation of a WebSocket connection.
+
+    Args:
+        side: :attr:`~Side.CLIENT` or :attr:`~Side.SERVER`.
+        state: initial state of the WebSocket connection.
+        max_size: maximum size of incoming messages in bytes;
+            :obj:`None` to disable the limit.
+        logger: logger for this connection; depending on ``side``,
+            defaults to ``logging.getLogger("websockets.client")``
+            or ``logging.getLogger("websockets.server")``;
+            see the :doc:`logging guide <../topics/logging>` for details.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        side: Side,
+        state: State = OPEN,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = 2**20,
+        logger: Optional[LoggerLike] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        # Unique identifier. For logs.
+        self.id: uuid.UUID = uuid.uuid4()
+        """Unique identifier of the connection. Useful in logs."""
+
+        # Logger or LoggerAdapter for this connection.
+        if logger is None:
+            logger = logging.getLogger(f"websockets.{side.name.lower()}")
+        self.logger: LoggerLike = logger
+        """Logger for this connection."""
+
+        # Track if DEBUG is enabled. Shortcut logging calls if it isn't.
+        self.debug = logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG)
+
+        # Connection side. CLIENT or SERVER.
+        self.side = side
+
+        # Connection state. Initially OPEN because subclasses handle CONNECTING.
+        self.state = state
+
+        # Maximum size of incoming messages in bytes.
+        self.max_size = max_size
+
+        # Current size of incoming message in bytes. Only set while reading a
+        # fragmented message i.e. a data frames with the FIN bit not set.
+        self.cur_size: Optional[int] = None
+
+        # True while sending a fragmented message i.e. a data frames with the
+        # FIN bit not set.
+        self.expect_continuation_frame = False
+
+        # WebSocket protocol parameters.
+        self.origin: Optional[Origin] = None
+        self.extensions: List[Extension] = []
+        self.subprotocol: Optional[Subprotocol] = None
+
+        # Close code and reason, set when a close frame is sent or received.
+        self.close_rcvd: Optional[Close] = None
+        self.close_sent: Optional[Close] = None
+        self.close_rcvd_then_sent: Optional[bool] = None
+
+        # Track if send_eof() was called.
+        self.eof_sent = False
+
+        # Parser state.
+        self.reader = StreamReader()
+        self.events: List[Event] = []
+        self.writes: List[bytes] = []
+        self.parser = self.parse()
+        next(self.parser)  # start coroutine
+        self.parser_exc: Optional[Exception] = None
+
+    @property
+    def state(self) -> State:
+        """
+        WebSocket connection state.
+
+        Defined in 4.1, 4.2, 7.1.3, and 7.1.4 of :rfc:`6455`.
+
+        """
+        return self._state
+
+    @state.setter
+    def state(self, state: State) -> None:
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("= connection is %s", state.name)
+        self._state = state
+
+    @property
+    def close_code(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        """
+        `WebSocket close code`_.
+
+        .. _WebSocket close code:
+            https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-7.1.5
+
+        :obj:`None` if the connection isn't closed yet.
+
+        """
+        if self.state is not CLOSED:
+            return None
+        elif self.close_rcvd is None:
+            return 1006
+        else:
+            return self.close_rcvd.code
+
+    @property
+    def close_reason(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        `WebSocket close reason`_.
+
+        .. _WebSocket close reason:
+            https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-7.1.6
+
+        :obj:`None` if the connection isn't closed yet.
+
+        """
+        if self.state is not CLOSED:
+            return None
+        elif self.close_rcvd is None:
+            return ""
+        else:
+            return self.close_rcvd.reason
+
+    @property
+    def close_exc(self) -> ConnectionClosed:
+        """
+        Exception to raise when trying to interact with a closed connection.
+
+        Don't raise this exception while the connection :attr:`state`
+        is :attr:`~websockets.connection.State.CLOSING`; wait until
+        it's :attr:`~websockets.connection.State.CLOSED`.
+
+        Indeed, the exception includes the close code and reason, which are
+        known only once the connection is closed.
+
+        Raises:
+            AssertionError: if the connection isn't closed yet.
+
+        """
+        assert self.state is CLOSED, "connection isn't closed yet"
+        exc_type: Type[ConnectionClosed]
+        if (
+            self.close_rcvd is not None
+            and self.close_sent is not None
+            and self.close_rcvd.code in OK_CLOSE_CODES
+            and self.close_sent.code in OK_CLOSE_CODES
+        ):
+            exc_type = ConnectionClosedOK
+        else:
+            exc_type = ConnectionClosedError
+        exc: ConnectionClosed = exc_type(
+            self.close_rcvd,
+            self.close_sent,
+            self.close_rcvd_then_sent,
+        )
+        # Chain to the exception raised in the parser, if any.
+        exc.__cause__ = self.parser_exc
+        return exc
+
+    # Public methods for receiving data.
+
+    def receive_data(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        """
+        Receive data from the network.
+
+        After calling this method:
+
+        - You must call :meth:`data_to_send` and send this data to the network.
+        - You should call :meth:`events_received` and process resulting events.
+
+        Raises:
+            EOFError: if :meth:`receive_eof` was called earlier.
+
+        """
+        self.reader.feed_data(data)
+        next(self.parser)
+
+    def receive_eof(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Receive the end of the data stream from the network.
+
+        After calling this method:
+
+        - You must call :meth:`data_to_send` and send this data to the network.
+        - You aren't expected to call :meth:`events_received`; it won't return
+          any new events.
+
+        Raises:
+            EOFError: if :meth:`receive_eof` was called earlier.
+
+        """
+        self.reader.feed_eof()
+        next(self.parser)
+
+    # Public methods for sending events.
+
+    def send_continuation(self, data: bytes, fin: bool) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a `Continuation frame`_.
+
+        .. _Continuation frame:
+            https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6455#section-5.6
+
+        Parameters:
+            data: payload containing the same kind of data
+                as the initial frame.
+            fin: FIN bit; set it to :obj:`True` if this is the last frame
+                of a fragmented message and to :obj:`False` otherwise.
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if a fragmented message isn't in progress.
+
+        """
+        if not self.expect_continuation_frame:
+            raise ProtocolError("unexpected continuation frame")
+        self.expect_continuation_frame = not fin
+        self.send_frame(Frame(OP_CONT, data, fin))
+
+    def send_text(self, data: bytes, fin: bool = True) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a `Text frame`_.
+
+        .. _Text frame:
+            https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6455#section-5.6
+
+        Parameters:
+            data: payload containing text encoded with UTF-8.
+            fin: FIN bit; set it to :obj:`False` if this is the first frame of
+                a fragmented message.
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if a fragmented message is in progress.
+
+        """
+        if self.expect_continuation_frame:
+            raise ProtocolError("expected a continuation frame")
+        self.expect_continuation_frame = not fin
+        self.send_frame(Frame(OP_TEXT, data, fin))
+
+    def send_binary(self, data: bytes, fin: bool = True) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a `Binary frame`_.
+
+        .. _Binary frame:
+            https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6455#section-5.6
+
+        Parameters:
+            data: payload containing arbitrary binary data.
+            fin: FIN bit; set it to :obj:`False` if this is the first frame of
+                a fragmented message.
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if a fragmented message is in progress.
+
+        """
+        if self.expect_continuation_frame:
+            raise ProtocolError("expected a continuation frame")
+        self.expect_continuation_frame = not fin
+        self.send_frame(Frame(OP_BINARY, data, fin))
+
+    def send_close(self, code: Optional[int] = None, reason: str = "") -> None:
+        """
+        Send a `Close frame`_.
+
+        .. _Close frame:
+            https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6455#section-5.5.1
+
+        Parameters:
+            code: close code.
+            reason: close reason.
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if a fragmented message is being sent, if the code
+                isn't valid, or if a reason is provided without a code
+
+        """
+        if self.expect_continuation_frame:
+            raise ProtocolError("expected a continuation frame")
+        if code is None:
+            if reason != "":
+                raise ProtocolError("cannot send a reason without a code")
+            close = Close(1005, "")
+            data = b""
+        else:
+            close = Close(code, reason)
+            data = close.serialize()
+        # send_frame() guarantees that self.state is OPEN at this point.
+        # 7.1.3. The WebSocket Closing Handshake is Started
+        self.send_frame(Frame(OP_CLOSE, data))
+        self.close_sent = close
+        self.state = CLOSING
+
+    def send_ping(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a `Ping frame`_.
+
+        .. _Ping frame:
+            https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6455#section-5.5.2
+
+        Parameters:
+            data: payload containing arbitrary binary data.
+
+        """
+        self.send_frame(Frame(OP_PING, data))
+
+    def send_pong(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a `Pong frame`_.
+
+        .. _Pong frame:
+            https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6455#section-5.5.3
+
+        Parameters:
+            data: payload containing arbitrary binary data.
+
+        """
+        self.send_frame(Frame(OP_PONG, data))
+
+    def fail(self, code: int, reason: str = "") -> None:
+        """
+        `Fail the WebSocket connection`_.
+
+        .. _Fail the WebSocket connection:
+            https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6455#section-7.1.7
+
+        Parameters:
+            code: close code
+            reason: close reason
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if the code isn't valid.
+        """
+        # 7.1.7. Fail the WebSocket Connection
+
+        # Send a close frame when the state is OPEN (a close frame was already
+        # sent if it's CLOSING), except when failing the connection because
+        # of an error reading from or writing to the network.
+        if self.state is OPEN:
+            if code != 1006:
+                close = Close(code, reason)
+                data = close.serialize()
+                self.send_frame(Frame(OP_CLOSE, data))
+                self.close_sent = close
+                self.state = CLOSING
+
+        # When failing the connection, a server closes the TCP connection
+        # without waiting for the client to complete the handshake, while a
+        # client waits for the server to close the TCP connection, possibly
+        # after sending a close frame that the client will ignore.
+        if self.side is SERVER and not self.eof_sent:
+            self.send_eof()
+
+        # 7.1.7. Fail the WebSocket Connection "An endpoint MUST NOT continue
+        # to attempt to process data(including a responding Close frame) from
+        # the remote endpoint after being instructed to _Fail the WebSocket
+        # Connection_."
+        self.parser = self.discard()
+        next(self.parser)  # start coroutine
+
+    # Public method for getting incoming events after receiving data.
+
+    def events_received(self) -> List[Event]:
+        """
+        Fetch events generated from data received from the network.
+
+        Call this method immediately after any of the ``receive_*()`` methods.
+
+        Process resulting events, likely by passing them to the application.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[Event]: Events read from the connection.
+        """
+        events, self.events = self.events, []
+        return events
+
+    # Public method for getting outgoing data after receiving data or sending events.
+
+    def data_to_send(self) -> List[bytes]:
+        """
+        Obtain data to send to the network.
+
+        Call this method immediately after any of the ``receive_*()``,
+        ``send_*()``, or :meth:`fail` methods.
+
+        Write resulting data to the connection.
+
+        The empty bytestring :data:`~websockets.connection.SEND_EOF` signals
+        the end of the data stream. When you receive it, half-close the TCP
+        connection.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[bytes]: Data to write to the connection.
+
+        """
+        writes, self.writes = self.writes, []
+        return writes
+
+    def close_expected(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Tell if the TCP connection is expected to close soon.
+
+        Call this method immediately after any of the ``receive_*()`` or
+        :meth:`fail` methods.
+
+        If it returns :obj:`True`, schedule closing the TCP connection after a
+        short timeout if the other side hasn't already closed it.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: Whether the TCP connection is expected to close soon.
+
+        """
+        # We already got a TCP Close if and only if the state is CLOSED.
+        # We expect a TCP close if and only if we sent a close frame:
+        # * Normal closure: once we send a close frame, we expect a TCP close:
+        #   server waits for client to complete the TCP closing handshake;
+        #   client waits for server to initiate the TCP closing handshake.
+        # * Abnormal closure: we always send a close frame and the same logic
+        #   applies, except on EOFError where we don't send a close frame
+        #   because we already received the TCP close, so we don't expect it.
+        return self.state is not CLOSED and self.close_sent is not None
+
+    # Private methods for receiving data.
+
+    def parse(self) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+        """
+        Parse incoming data into frames.
+
+        :meth:`receive_data` and :meth:`receive_eof` run this generator
+        coroutine until it needs more data or reaches EOF.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            while True:
+                if (yield from self.reader.at_eof()):
+                    if self.debug:
+                        self.logger.debug("< EOF")
+                    # If the WebSocket connection is closed cleanly, with a
+                    # closing handhshake, recv_frame() substitutes parse()
+                    # with discard(). This branch is reached only when the
+                    # connection isn't closed cleanly.
+                    raise EOFError("unexpected end of stream")
+
+                if self.max_size is None:
+                    max_size = None
+                elif self.cur_size is None:
+                    max_size = self.max_size
+                else:
+                    max_size = self.max_size - self.cur_size
+
+                # During a normal closure, execution ends here on the next
+                # iteration of the loop after receiving a close frame. At
+                # this point, recv_frame() replaced parse() by discard().
+                frame = yield from Frame.parse(
+                    self.reader.read_exact,
+                    mask=self.side is SERVER,
+                    max_size=max_size,
+                    extensions=self.extensions,
+                )
+
+                if self.debug:
+                    self.logger.debug("< %s", frame)
+
+                self.recv_frame(frame)
+
+        except ProtocolError as exc:
+            self.fail(1002, str(exc))
+            self.parser_exc = exc
+
+        except EOFError as exc:
+            self.fail(1006, str(exc))
+            self.parser_exc = exc
+
+        except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+            self.fail(1007, f"{exc.reason} at position {exc.start}")
+            self.parser_exc = exc
+
+        except PayloadTooBig as exc:
+            self.fail(1009, str(exc))
+            self.parser_exc = exc
+
+        except Exception as exc:
+            self.logger.error("parser failed", exc_info=True)
+            # Don't include exception details, which may be security-sensitive.
+            self.fail(1011)
+            self.parser_exc = exc
+
+        # During an abnormal closure, execution ends here after catching an
+        # exception. At this point, fail() replaced parse() by discard().
+        yield
+        raise AssertionError("parse() shouldn't step after error")  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def discard(self) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+        """
+        Discard incoming data.
+
+        This coroutine replaces :meth:`parse`:
+
+        - after receiving a close frame, during a normal closure (1.4);
+        - after sending a close frame, during an abnormal closure (7.1.7).
+
+        """
+        # The server close the TCP connection in the same circumstances where
+        # discard() replaces parse(). The client closes the connection later,
+        # after the server closes the connection or a timeout elapses.
+        # (The latter case cannot be handled in this Sans-I/O layer.)
+        assert (self.side is SERVER) == (self.eof_sent)
+        while not (yield from self.reader.at_eof()):
+            self.reader.discard()
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("< EOF")
+        # A server closes the TCP connection immediately, while a client
+        # waits for the server to close the TCP connection.
+        if self.side is CLIENT:
+            self.send_eof()
+        self.state = CLOSED
+        # If discard() completes normally, execution ends here.
+        yield
+        # Once the reader reaches EOF, its feed_data/eof() methods raise an
+        # error, so our receive_data/eof() methods don't step the generator.
+        raise AssertionError("discard() shouldn't step after EOF")  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def recv_frame(self, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """
+        Process an incoming frame.
+
+        """
+        if frame.opcode is OP_TEXT or frame.opcode is OP_BINARY:
+            if self.cur_size is not None:
+                raise ProtocolError("expected a continuation frame")
+            if frame.fin:
+                self.cur_size = None
+            else:
+                self.cur_size = len(frame.data)
+
+        elif frame.opcode is OP_CONT:
+            if self.cur_size is None:
+                raise ProtocolError("unexpected continuation frame")
+            if frame.fin:
+                self.cur_size = None
+            else:
+                self.cur_size += len(frame.data)
+
+        elif frame.opcode is OP_PING:
+            # 5.5.2. Ping: "Upon receipt of a Ping frame, an endpoint MUST
+            # send a Pong frame in response"
+            pong_frame = Frame(OP_PONG, frame.data)
+            self.send_frame(pong_frame)
+
+        elif frame.opcode is OP_PONG:
+            # 5.5.3 Pong: "A response to an unsolicited Pong frame is not
+            # expected."
+            pass
+
+        elif frame.opcode is OP_CLOSE:
+            # 7.1.5.  The WebSocket Connection Close Code
+            # 7.1.6.  The WebSocket Connection Close Reason
+            self.close_rcvd = Close.parse(frame.data)
+            if self.state is CLOSING:
+                assert self.close_sent is not None
+                self.close_rcvd_then_sent = False
+
+            if self.cur_size is not None:
+                raise ProtocolError("incomplete fragmented message")
+
+            # 5.5.1 Close: "If an endpoint receives a Close frame and did
+            # not previously send a Close frame, the endpoint MUST send a
+            # Close frame in response. (When sending a Close frame in
+            # response, the endpoint typically echos the status code it
+            # received.)"
+
+            if self.state is OPEN:
+                # Echo the original data instead of re-serializing it with
+                # Close.serialize() because that fails when the close frame
+                # is empty and Close.parse() synthetizes a 1005 close code.
+                # The rest is identical to send_close().
+                self.send_frame(Frame(OP_CLOSE, frame.data))
+                self.close_sent = self.close_rcvd
+                self.close_rcvd_then_sent = True
+                self.state = CLOSING
+
+            # 7.1.2. Start the WebSocket Closing Handshake: "Once an
+            # endpoint has both sent and received a Close control frame,
+            # that endpoint SHOULD _Close the WebSocket Connection_"
+
+            # A server closes the TCP connection immediately, while a client
+            # waits for the server to close the TCP connection.
+            if self.side is SERVER:
+                self.send_eof()
+
+            # 1.4. Closing Handshake: "after receiving a control frame
+            # indicating the connection should be closed, a peer discards
+            # any further data received."
+            self.parser = self.discard()
+            next(self.parser)  # start coroutine
+
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            # This can't happen because Frame.parse() validates opcodes.
+            raise AssertionError(f"unexpected opcode: {frame.opcode:02x}")
+
+        self.events.append(frame)
+
+    # Private methods for sending events.
+
+    def send_frame(self, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        if self.state is not OPEN:
+            raise InvalidState(
+                f"cannot write to a WebSocket in the {self.state.name} state"
+            )
+
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("> %s", frame)
+        self.writes.append(
+            frame.serialize(mask=self.side is CLIENT, extensions=self.extensions)
+        )
+
+    def send_eof(self) -> None:
+        assert not self.eof_sent
+        self.eof_sent = True
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("> EOF")
+        self.writes.append(SEND_EOF)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/datastructures.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/datastructures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37d3b5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/datastructures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+
+
+__all__ = ["Headers", "HeadersLike", "MultipleValuesError"]
+
+
+class MultipleValuesError(LookupError):
+    """
+    Exception raised when :class:`Headers` has more than one value for a key.
+
+    """
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        # Implement the same logic as KeyError_str in Objects/exceptions.c.
+        if len(self.args) == 1:
+            return repr(self.args[0])
+        return super().__str__()
+
+
+class Headers(MutableMapping[str, str]):
+    """
+    Efficient data structure for manipulating HTTP headers.
+
+    A :class:`list` of ``(name, values)`` is inefficient for lookups.
+
+    A :class:`dict` doesn't suffice because header names are case-insensitive
+    and multiple occurrences of headers with the same name are possible.
+
+    :class:`Headers` stores HTTP headers in a hybrid data structure to provide
+    efficient insertions and lookups while preserving the original data.
+
+    In order to account for multiple values with minimal hassle,
+    :class:`Headers` follows this logic:
+
+    - When getting a header with ``headers[name]``:
+        - if there's no value, :exc:`KeyError` is raised;
+        - if there's exactly one value, it's returned;
+        - if there's more than one value, :exc:`MultipleValuesError` is raised.
+
+    - When setting a header with ``headers[name] = value``, the value is
+      appended to the list of values for that header.
+
+    - When deleting a header with ``del headers[name]``, all values for that
+      header are removed (this is slow).
+
+    Other methods for manipulating headers are consistent with this logic.
+
+    As long as no header occurs multiple times, :class:`Headers` behaves like
+    :class:`dict`, except keys are lower-cased to provide case-insensitivity.
+
+    Two methods support manipulating multiple values explicitly:
+
+    - :meth:`get_all` returns a list of all values for a header;
+    - :meth:`raw_items` returns an iterator of ``(name, values)`` pairs.
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["_dict", "_list"]
+
+    # Like dict, Headers accepts an optional "mapping or iterable" argument.
+    def __init__(self, *args: HeadersLike, **kwargs: str) -> None:
+        self._dict: Dict[str, List[str]] = {}
+        self._list: List[Tuple[str, str]] = []
+        self.update(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "".join(f"{key}: {value}\r\n" for key, value in self._list) + "\r\n"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self._list!r})"
+
+    def copy(self) -> Headers:
+        copy = self.__class__()
+        copy._dict = self._dict.copy()
+        copy._list = self._list.copy()
+        return copy
+
+    def serialize(self) -> bytes:
+        # Since headers only contain ASCII characters, we can keep this simple.
+        return str(self).encode()
+
+    # Collection methods
+
+    def __contains__(self, key: object) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(key, str) and key.lower() in self._dict
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        return iter(self._dict)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._dict)
+
+    # MutableMapping methods
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> str:
+        value = self._dict[key.lower()]
+        if len(value) == 1:
+            return value[0]
+        else:
+            raise MultipleValuesError(key)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: str) -> None:
+        self._dict.setdefault(key.lower(), []).append(value)
+        self._list.append((key, value))
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key: str) -> None:
+        key_lower = key.lower()
+        self._dict.__delitem__(key_lower)
+        # This is inefficient. Fortunately deleting HTTP headers is uncommon.
+        self._list = [(k, v) for k, v in self._list if k.lower() != key_lower]
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, Headers):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self._dict == other._dict
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Remove all headers.
+
+        """
+        self._dict = {}
+        self._list = []
+
+    def update(self, *args: HeadersLike, **kwargs: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Update from a :class:`Headers` instance and/or keyword arguments.
+
+        """
+        args = tuple(
+            arg.raw_items() if isinstance(arg, Headers) else arg for arg in args
+        )
+        super().update(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    # Methods for handling multiple values
+
+    def get_all(self, key: str) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Return the (possibly empty) list of all values for a header.
+
+        Args:
+            key: header name.
+
+        """
+        return self._dict.get(key.lower(), [])
+
+    def raw_items(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[str, str]]:
+        """
+        Return an iterator of all values as ``(name, value)`` pairs.
+
+        """
+        return iter(self._list)
+
+
+HeadersLike = Union[Headers, Mapping[str, str], Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]]
+"""Types accepted where :class:`Headers` is expected."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/exceptions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c4fc51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+"""
+:mod:`websockets.exceptions` defines the following exception hierarchy:
+
+* :exc:`WebSocketException`
+    * :exc:`ConnectionClosed`
+        * :exc:`ConnectionClosedError`
+        * :exc:`ConnectionClosedOK`
+    * :exc:`InvalidHandshake`
+        * :exc:`SecurityError`
+        * :exc:`InvalidMessage`
+        * :exc:`InvalidHeader`
+            * :exc:`InvalidHeaderFormat`
+            * :exc:`InvalidHeaderValue`
+            * :exc:`InvalidOrigin`
+            * :exc:`InvalidUpgrade`
+        * :exc:`InvalidStatus`
+        * :exc:`InvalidStatusCode` (legacy)
+        * :exc:`NegotiationError`
+            * :exc:`DuplicateParameter`
+            * :exc:`InvalidParameterName`
+            * :exc:`InvalidParameterValue`
+        * :exc:`AbortHandshake`
+        * :exc:`RedirectHandshake`
+    * :exc:`InvalidState`
+    * :exc:`InvalidURI`
+    * :exc:`PayloadTooBig`
+    * :exc:`ProtocolError`
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import http
+from typing import Optional
+
+from . import datastructures, frames, http11
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "WebSocketException",
+    "ConnectionClosed",
+    "ConnectionClosedError",
+    "ConnectionClosedOK",
+    "InvalidHandshake",
+    "SecurityError",
+    "InvalidMessage",
+    "InvalidHeader",
+    "InvalidHeaderFormat",
+    "InvalidHeaderValue",
+    "InvalidOrigin",
+    "InvalidUpgrade",
+    "InvalidStatus",
+    "InvalidStatusCode",
+    "NegotiationError",
+    "DuplicateParameter",
+    "InvalidParameterName",
+    "InvalidParameterValue",
+    "AbortHandshake",
+    "RedirectHandshake",
+    "InvalidState",
+    "InvalidURI",
+    "PayloadTooBig",
+    "ProtocolError",
+    "WebSocketProtocolError",
+]
+
+
+class WebSocketException(Exception):
+    """
+    Base class for all exceptions defined by websockets.
+
+    """
+
+
+class ConnectionClosed(WebSocketException):
+    """
+    Raised when trying to interact with a closed connection.
+
+    Attributes:
+        rcvd (Optional[Close]): if a close frame was received, its code and
+            reason are available in ``rcvd.code`` and ``rcvd.reason``.
+        sent (Optional[Close]): if a close frame was sent, its code and reason
+            are available in ``sent.code`` and ``sent.reason``.
+        rcvd_then_sent (Optional[bool]): if close frames were received and
+            sent, this attribute tells in which order this happened, from the
+            perspective of this side of the connection.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        rcvd: Optional[frames.Close],
+        sent: Optional[frames.Close],
+        rcvd_then_sent: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.rcvd = rcvd
+        self.sent = sent
+        self.rcvd_then_sent = rcvd_then_sent
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self.rcvd is None:
+            if self.sent is None:
+                assert self.rcvd_then_sent is None
+                return "no close frame received or sent"
+            else:
+                assert self.rcvd_then_sent is None
+                return f"sent {self.sent}; no close frame received"
+        else:
+            if self.sent is None:
+                assert self.rcvd_then_sent is None
+                return f"received {self.rcvd}; no close frame sent"
+            else:
+                assert self.rcvd_then_sent is not None
+                if self.rcvd_then_sent:
+                    return f"received {self.rcvd}; then sent {self.sent}"
+                else:
+                    return f"sent {self.sent}; then received {self.rcvd}"
+
+    # code and reason attributes are provided for backwards-compatibility
+
+    @property
+    def code(self) -> int:
+        return 1006 if self.rcvd is None else self.rcvd.code
+
+    @property
+    def reason(self) -> str:
+        return "" if self.rcvd is None else self.rcvd.reason
+
+
+class ConnectionClosedError(ConnectionClosed):
+    """
+    Like :exc:`ConnectionClosed`, when the connection terminated with an error.
+
+    A close code other than 1000 (OK) or 1001 (going away) was received or
+    sent, or the closing handshake didn't complete properly.
+
+    """
+
+
+class ConnectionClosedOK(ConnectionClosed):
+    """
+    Like :exc:`ConnectionClosed`, when the connection terminated properly.
+
+    A close code 1000 (OK) or 1001 (going away) was received and sent.
+
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidHandshake(WebSocketException):
+    """
+    Raised during the handshake when the WebSocket connection fails.
+
+    """
+
+
+class SecurityError(InvalidHandshake):
+    """
+    Raised when a handshake request or response breaks a security rule.
+
+    Security limits are hard coded.
+
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidMessage(InvalidHandshake):
+    """
+    Raised when a handshake request or response is malformed.
+
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidHeader(InvalidHandshake):
+    """
+    Raised when a HTTP header doesn't have a valid format or value.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, value: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self.value is None:
+            return f"missing {self.name} header"
+        elif self.value == "":
+            return f"empty {self.name} header"
+        else:
+            return f"invalid {self.name} header: {self.value}"
+
+
+class InvalidHeaderFormat(InvalidHeader):
+    """
+    Raised when a HTTP header cannot be parsed.
+
+    The format of the header doesn't match the grammar for that header.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, error: str, header: str, pos: int) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name, f"{error} at {pos} in {header}")
+
+
+class InvalidHeaderValue(InvalidHeader):
+    """
+    Raised when a HTTP header has a wrong value.
+
+    The format of the header is correct but a value isn't acceptable.
+
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidOrigin(InvalidHeader):
+    """
+    Raised when the Origin header in a request isn't allowed.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, origin: Optional[str]) -> None:
+        super().__init__("Origin", origin)
+
+
+class InvalidUpgrade(InvalidHeader):
+    """
+    Raised when the Upgrade or Connection header isn't correct.
+
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidStatus(InvalidHandshake):
+    """
+    Raised when a handshake response rejects the WebSocket upgrade.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, response: http11.Response) -> None:
+        self.response = response
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            "server rejected WebSocket connection: "
+            f"HTTP {self.response.status_code:d}"
+        )
+
+
+class InvalidStatusCode(InvalidHandshake):
+    """
+    Raised when a handshake response status code is invalid.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, status_code: int, headers: datastructures.Headers) -> None:
+        self.status_code = status_code
+        self.headers = headers
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"server rejected WebSocket connection: HTTP {self.status_code}"
+
+
+class NegotiationError(InvalidHandshake):
+    """
+    Raised when negotiating an extension fails.
+
+    """
+
+
+class DuplicateParameter(NegotiationError):
+    """
+    Raised when a parameter name is repeated in an extension header.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"duplicate parameter: {self.name}"
+
+
+class InvalidParameterName(NegotiationError):
+    """
+    Raised when a parameter name in an extension header is invalid.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"invalid parameter name: {self.name}"
+
+
+class InvalidParameterValue(NegotiationError):
+    """
+    Raised when a parameter value in an extension header is invalid.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, value: Optional[str]) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self.value is None:
+            return f"missing value for parameter {self.name}"
+        elif self.value == "":
+            return f"empty value for parameter {self.name}"
+        else:
+            return f"invalid value for parameter {self.name}: {self.value}"
+
+
+class AbortHandshake(InvalidHandshake):
+    """
+    Raised to abort the handshake on purpose and return a HTTP response.
+
+    This exception is an implementation detail.
+
+    The public API
+    is :meth:`~websockets.server.WebSocketServerProtocol.process_request`.
+
+    Attributes:
+        status (~http.HTTPStatus): HTTP status code.
+        headers (Headers): HTTP response headers.
+        body (bytes): HTTP response body.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        status: http.HTTPStatus,
+        headers: datastructures.HeadersLike,
+        body: bytes = b"",
+    ) -> None:
+        self.status = status
+        self.headers = datastructures.Headers(headers)
+        self.body = body
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"HTTP {self.status:d}, "
+            f"{len(self.headers)} headers, "
+            f"{len(self.body)} bytes"
+        )
+
+
+class RedirectHandshake(InvalidHandshake):
+    """
+    Raised when a handshake gets redirected.
+
+    This exception is an implementation detail.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, uri: str) -> None:
+        self.uri = uri
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"redirect to {self.uri}"
+
+
+class InvalidState(WebSocketException, AssertionError):
+    """
+    Raised when an operation is forbidden in the current state.
+
+    This exception is an implementation detail.
+
+    It should never be raised in normal circumstances.
+
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidURI(WebSocketException):
+    """
+    Raised when connecting to an URI that isn't a valid WebSocket URI.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, uri: str, msg: str) -> None:
+        self.uri = uri
+        self.msg = msg
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.uri} isn't a valid URI: {self.msg}"
+
+
+class PayloadTooBig(WebSocketException):
+    """
+    Raised when receiving a frame with a payload exceeding the maximum size.
+
+    """
+
+
+class ProtocolError(WebSocketException):
+    """
+    Raised when a frame breaks the protocol.
+
+    """
+
+
+WebSocketProtocolError = ProtocolError  # for backwards compatibility
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/extensions/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/extensions/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02838b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/extensions/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .base import *
+
+
+__all__ = ["Extension", "ClientExtensionFactory", "ServerExtensionFactory"]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/extensions/base.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/extensions/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0609676
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/extensions/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple
+
+from .. import frames
+from ..typing import ExtensionName, ExtensionParameter
+
+
+__all__ = ["Extension", "ClientExtensionFactory", "ServerExtensionFactory"]
+
+
+class Extension:
+    """
+    Base class for extensions.
+
+    """
+
+    name: ExtensionName
+    """Extension identifier."""
+
+    def decode(
+        self,
+        frame: frames.Frame,
+        *,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> frames.Frame:
+        """
+        Decode an incoming frame.
+
+        Args:
+            frame (Frame): incoming frame.
+            max_size: maximum payload size in bytes.
+
+        Returns:
+            Frame: Decoded frame.
+
+        Raises:
+            PayloadTooBig: if decoding the payload exceeds ``max_size``.
+
+        """
+
+    def encode(self, frame: frames.Frame) -> frames.Frame:
+        """
+        Encode an outgoing frame.
+
+        Args:
+            frame (Frame): outgoing frame.
+
+        Returns:
+            Frame: Encoded frame.
+
+        """
+
+
+class ClientExtensionFactory:
+    """
+    Base class for client-side extension factories.
+
+    """
+
+    name: ExtensionName
+    """Extension identifier."""
+
+    def get_request_params(self) -> List[ExtensionParameter]:
+        """
+        Build parameters to send to the server for this extension.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[ExtensionParameter]: Parameters to send to the server.
+
+        """
+
+    def process_response_params(
+        self,
+        params: Sequence[ExtensionParameter],
+        accepted_extensions: Sequence[Extension],
+    ) -> Extension:
+        """
+        Process parameters received from the server.
+
+        Args:
+            params (Sequence[ExtensionParameter]): parameters received from
+                the server for this extension.
+            accepted_extensions (Sequence[Extension]): list of previously
+                accepted extensions.
+
+        Returns:
+            Extension: An extension instance.
+
+        Raises:
+            NegotiationError: if parameters aren't acceptable.
+
+        """
+
+
+class ServerExtensionFactory:
+    """
+    Base class for server-side extension factories.
+
+    """
+
+    name: ExtensionName
+    """Extension identifier."""
+
+    def process_request_params(
+        self,
+        params: Sequence[ExtensionParameter],
+        accepted_extensions: Sequence[Extension],
+    ) -> Tuple[List[ExtensionParameter], Extension]:
+        """
+        Process parameters received from the client.
+
+        Args:
+            params (Sequence[ExtensionParameter]): parameters received from
+                the client for this extension.
+            accepted_extensions (Sequence[Extension]): list of previously
+                accepted extensions.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[List[ExtensionParameter], Extension]: To accept the offer,
+            parameters to send to the client for this extension and an
+            extension instance.
+
+        Raises:
+            NegotiationError: to reject the offer, if parameters received from
+                the client aren't acceptable.
+
+        """
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/extensions/permessage_deflate.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/extensions/permessage_deflate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..017e3d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/extensions/permessage_deflate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,658 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+import zlib
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Union
+
+from .. import exceptions, frames
+from ..typing import ExtensionName, ExtensionParameter
+from .base import ClientExtensionFactory, Extension, ServerExtensionFactory
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "PerMessageDeflate",
+    "ClientPerMessageDeflateFactory",
+    "enable_client_permessage_deflate",
+    "ServerPerMessageDeflateFactory",
+    "enable_server_permessage_deflate",
+]
+
+_EMPTY_UNCOMPRESSED_BLOCK = b"\x00\x00\xff\xff"
+
+_MAX_WINDOW_BITS_VALUES = [str(bits) for bits in range(8, 16)]
+
+
+class PerMessageDeflate(Extension):
+    """
+    Per-Message Deflate extension.
+
+    """
+
+    name = ExtensionName("permessage-deflate")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        remote_no_context_takeover: bool,
+        local_no_context_takeover: bool,
+        remote_max_window_bits: int,
+        local_max_window_bits: int,
+        compress_settings: Optional[Dict[Any, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Configure the Per-Message Deflate extension.
+
+        """
+        if compress_settings is None:
+            compress_settings = {}
+
+        assert remote_no_context_takeover in [False, True]
+        assert local_no_context_takeover in [False, True]
+        assert 8 <= remote_max_window_bits <= 15
+        assert 8 <= local_max_window_bits <= 15
+        assert "wbits" not in compress_settings
+
+        self.remote_no_context_takeover = remote_no_context_takeover
+        self.local_no_context_takeover = local_no_context_takeover
+        self.remote_max_window_bits = remote_max_window_bits
+        self.local_max_window_bits = local_max_window_bits
+        self.compress_settings = compress_settings
+
+        if not self.remote_no_context_takeover:
+            self.decoder = zlib.decompressobj(wbits=-self.remote_max_window_bits)
+
+        if not self.local_no_context_takeover:
+            self.encoder = zlib.compressobj(
+                wbits=-self.local_max_window_bits, **self.compress_settings
+            )
+
+        # To handle continuation frames properly, we must keep track of
+        # whether that initial frame was encoded.
+        self.decode_cont_data = False
+        # There's no need for self.encode_cont_data because we always encode
+        # outgoing frames, so it would always be True.
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"PerMessageDeflate("
+            f"remote_no_context_takeover={self.remote_no_context_takeover}, "
+            f"local_no_context_takeover={self.local_no_context_takeover}, "
+            f"remote_max_window_bits={self.remote_max_window_bits}, "
+            f"local_max_window_bits={self.local_max_window_bits})"
+        )
+
+    def decode(
+        self,
+        frame: frames.Frame,
+        *,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> frames.Frame:
+        """
+        Decode an incoming frame.
+
+        """
+        # Skip control frames.
+        if frame.opcode in frames.CTRL_OPCODES:
+            return frame
+
+        # Handle continuation data frames:
+        # - skip if the message isn't encoded
+        # - reset "decode continuation data" flag if it's a final frame
+        if frame.opcode is frames.OP_CONT:
+            if not self.decode_cont_data:
+                return frame
+            if frame.fin:
+                self.decode_cont_data = False
+
+        # Handle text and binary data frames:
+        # - skip if the message isn't encoded
+        # - unset the rsv1 flag on the first frame of a compressed message
+        # - set "decode continuation data" flag if it's a non-final frame
+        else:
+            if not frame.rsv1:
+                return frame
+            frame = dataclasses.replace(frame, rsv1=False)
+            if not frame.fin:
+                self.decode_cont_data = True
+
+            # Re-initialize per-message decoder.
+            if self.remote_no_context_takeover:
+                self.decoder = zlib.decompressobj(wbits=-self.remote_max_window_bits)
+
+        # Uncompress data. Protect against zip bombs by preventing zlib from
+        # decompressing more than max_length bytes (except when the limit is
+        # disabled with max_size = None).
+        data = frame.data
+        if frame.fin:
+            data += _EMPTY_UNCOMPRESSED_BLOCK
+        max_length = 0 if max_size is None else max_size
+        data = self.decoder.decompress(data, max_length)
+        if self.decoder.unconsumed_tail:
+            raise exceptions.PayloadTooBig(f"over size limit (? > {max_size} bytes)")
+
+        # Allow garbage collection of the decoder if it won't be reused.
+        if frame.fin and self.remote_no_context_takeover:
+            del self.decoder
+
+        return dataclasses.replace(frame, data=data)
+
+    def encode(self, frame: frames.Frame) -> frames.Frame:
+        """
+        Encode an outgoing frame.
+
+        """
+        # Skip control frames.
+        if frame.opcode in frames.CTRL_OPCODES:
+            return frame
+
+        # Since we always encode messages, there's no "encode continuation
+        # data" flag similar to "decode continuation data" at this time.
+
+        if frame.opcode is not frames.OP_CONT:
+            # Set the rsv1 flag on the first frame of a compressed message.
+            frame = dataclasses.replace(frame, rsv1=True)
+            # Re-initialize per-message decoder.
+            if self.local_no_context_takeover:
+                self.encoder = zlib.compressobj(
+                    wbits=-self.local_max_window_bits, **self.compress_settings
+                )
+
+        # Compress data.
+        data = self.encoder.compress(frame.data) + self.encoder.flush(zlib.Z_SYNC_FLUSH)
+        if frame.fin and data.endswith(_EMPTY_UNCOMPRESSED_BLOCK):
+            data = data[:-4]
+
+        # Allow garbage collection of the encoder if it won't be reused.
+        if frame.fin and self.local_no_context_takeover:
+            del self.encoder
+
+        return dataclasses.replace(frame, data=data)
+
+
+def _build_parameters(
+    server_no_context_takeover: bool,
+    client_no_context_takeover: bool,
+    server_max_window_bits: Optional[int],
+    client_max_window_bits: Optional[Union[int, bool]],
+) -> List[ExtensionParameter]:
+    """
+    Build a list of ``(name, value)`` pairs for some compression parameters.
+
+    """
+    params: List[ExtensionParameter] = []
+    if server_no_context_takeover:
+        params.append(("server_no_context_takeover", None))
+    if client_no_context_takeover:
+        params.append(("client_no_context_takeover", None))
+    if server_max_window_bits:
+        params.append(("server_max_window_bits", str(server_max_window_bits)))
+    if client_max_window_bits is True:  # only in handshake requests
+        params.append(("client_max_window_bits", None))
+    elif client_max_window_bits:
+        params.append(("client_max_window_bits", str(client_max_window_bits)))
+    return params
+
+
+def _extract_parameters(
+    params: Sequence[ExtensionParameter], *, is_server: bool
+) -> Tuple[bool, bool, Optional[int], Optional[Union[int, bool]]]:
+    """
+    Extract compression parameters from a list of ``(name, value)`` pairs.
+
+    If ``is_server`` is :obj:`True`, ``client_max_window_bits`` may be
+    provided without a value. This is only allowed in handshake requests.
+
+    """
+    server_no_context_takeover: bool = False
+    client_no_context_takeover: bool = False
+    server_max_window_bits: Optional[int] = None
+    client_max_window_bits: Optional[Union[int, bool]] = None
+
+    for name, value in params:
+
+        if name == "server_no_context_takeover":
+            if server_no_context_takeover:
+                raise exceptions.DuplicateParameter(name)
+            if value is None:
+                server_no_context_takeover = True
+            else:
+                raise exceptions.InvalidParameterValue(name, value)
+
+        elif name == "client_no_context_takeover":
+            if client_no_context_takeover:
+                raise exceptions.DuplicateParameter(name)
+            if value is None:
+                client_no_context_takeover = True
+            else:
+                raise exceptions.InvalidParameterValue(name, value)
+
+        elif name == "server_max_window_bits":
+            if server_max_window_bits is not None:
+                raise exceptions.DuplicateParameter(name)
+            if value in _MAX_WINDOW_BITS_VALUES:
+                server_max_window_bits = int(value)
+            else:
+                raise exceptions.InvalidParameterValue(name, value)
+
+        elif name == "client_max_window_bits":
+            if client_max_window_bits is not None:
+                raise exceptions.DuplicateParameter(name)
+            if is_server and value is None:  # only in handshake requests
+                client_max_window_bits = True
+            elif value in _MAX_WINDOW_BITS_VALUES:
+                client_max_window_bits = int(value)
+            else:
+                raise exceptions.InvalidParameterValue(name, value)
+
+        else:
+            raise exceptions.InvalidParameterName(name)
+
+    return (
+        server_no_context_takeover,
+        client_no_context_takeover,
+        server_max_window_bits,
+        client_max_window_bits,
+    )
+
+
+class ClientPerMessageDeflateFactory(ClientExtensionFactory):
+    """
+    Client-side extension factory for the Per-Message Deflate extension.
+
+    Parameters behave as described in `section 7.1 of RFC 7692`_.
+
+    .. _section 7.1 of RFC 7692: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7692.html#section-7.1
+
+    Set them to :obj:`True` to include them in the negotiation offer without a
+    value or to an integer value to include them with this value.
+
+    Args:
+        server_no_context_takeover: prevent server from using context takeover.
+        client_no_context_takeover: prevent client from using context takeover.
+        server_max_window_bits: maximum size of the server's LZ77 sliding window
+            in bits, between 8 and 15.
+        client_max_window_bits: maximum size of the client's LZ77 sliding window
+            in bits, between 8 and 15, or :obj:`True` to indicate support without
+            setting a limit.
+        compress_settings: additional keyword arguments for :func:`zlib.compressobj`,
+            excluding ``wbits``.
+
+    """
+
+    name = ExtensionName("permessage-deflate")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server_no_context_takeover: bool = False,
+        client_no_context_takeover: bool = False,
+        server_max_window_bits: Optional[int] = None,
+        client_max_window_bits: Optional[Union[int, bool]] = True,
+        compress_settings: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Configure the Per-Message Deflate extension factory.
+
+        """
+        if not (server_max_window_bits is None or 8 <= server_max_window_bits <= 15):
+            raise ValueError("server_max_window_bits must be between 8 and 15")
+        if not (
+            client_max_window_bits is None
+            or client_max_window_bits is True
+            or 8 <= client_max_window_bits <= 15
+        ):
+            raise ValueError("client_max_window_bits must be between 8 and 15")
+        if compress_settings is not None and "wbits" in compress_settings:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "compress_settings must not include wbits, "
+                "set client_max_window_bits instead"
+            )
+
+        self.server_no_context_takeover = server_no_context_takeover
+        self.client_no_context_takeover = client_no_context_takeover
+        self.server_max_window_bits = server_max_window_bits
+        self.client_max_window_bits = client_max_window_bits
+        self.compress_settings = compress_settings
+
+    def get_request_params(self) -> List[ExtensionParameter]:
+        """
+        Build request parameters.
+
+        """
+        return _build_parameters(
+            self.server_no_context_takeover,
+            self.client_no_context_takeover,
+            self.server_max_window_bits,
+            self.client_max_window_bits,
+        )
+
+    def process_response_params(
+        self,
+        params: Sequence[ExtensionParameter],
+        accepted_extensions: Sequence[Extension],
+    ) -> PerMessageDeflate:
+        """
+        Process response parameters.
+
+        Return an extension instance.
+
+        """
+        if any(other.name == self.name for other in accepted_extensions):
+            raise exceptions.NegotiationError(f"received duplicate {self.name}")
+
+        # Request parameters are available in instance variables.
+
+        # Load response parameters in local variables.
+        (
+            server_no_context_takeover,
+            client_no_context_takeover,
+            server_max_window_bits,
+            client_max_window_bits,
+        ) = _extract_parameters(params, is_server=False)
+
+        # After comparing the request and the response, the final
+        # configuration must be available in the local variables.
+
+        # server_no_context_takeover
+        #
+        #   Req.    Resp.   Result
+        #   ------  ------  --------------------------------------------------
+        #   False   False   False
+        #   False   True    True
+        #   True    False   Error!
+        #   True    True    True
+
+        if self.server_no_context_takeover:
+            if not server_no_context_takeover:
+                raise exceptions.NegotiationError("expected server_no_context_takeover")
+
+        # client_no_context_takeover
+        #
+        #   Req.    Resp.   Result
+        #   ------  ------  --------------------------------------------------
+        #   False   False   False
+        #   False   True    True
+        #   True    False   True - must change value
+        #   True    True    True
+
+        if self.client_no_context_takeover:
+            if not client_no_context_takeover:
+                client_no_context_takeover = True
+
+        # server_max_window_bits
+
+        #   Req.    Resp.   Result
+        #   ------  ------  --------------------------------------------------
+        #   None    None    None
+        #   None    8≤M≤15  M
+        #   8≤N≤15  None    Error!
+        #   8≤N≤15  8≤M≤N   M
+        #   8≤N≤15  N<M≤15  Error!
+
+        if self.server_max_window_bits is None:
+            pass
+
+        else:
+            if server_max_window_bits is None:
+                raise exceptions.NegotiationError("expected server_max_window_bits")
+            elif server_max_window_bits > self.server_max_window_bits:
+                raise exceptions.NegotiationError("unsupported server_max_window_bits")
+
+        # client_max_window_bits
+
+        #   Req.    Resp.   Result
+        #   ------  ------  --------------------------------------------------
+        #   None    None    None
+        #   None    8≤M≤15  Error!
+        #   True    None    None
+        #   True    8≤M≤15  M
+        #   8≤N≤15  None    N - must change value
+        #   8≤N≤15  8≤M≤N   M
+        #   8≤N≤15  N<M≤15  Error!
+
+        if self.client_max_window_bits is None:
+            if client_max_window_bits is not None:
+                raise exceptions.NegotiationError("unexpected client_max_window_bits")
+
+        elif self.client_max_window_bits is True:
+            pass
+
+        else:
+            if client_max_window_bits is None:
+                client_max_window_bits = self.client_max_window_bits
+            elif client_max_window_bits > self.client_max_window_bits:
+                raise exceptions.NegotiationError("unsupported client_max_window_bits")
+
+        return PerMessageDeflate(
+            server_no_context_takeover,  # remote_no_context_takeover
+            client_no_context_takeover,  # local_no_context_takeover
+            server_max_window_bits or 15,  # remote_max_window_bits
+            client_max_window_bits or 15,  # local_max_window_bits
+            self.compress_settings,
+        )
+
+
+def enable_client_permessage_deflate(
+    extensions: Optional[Sequence[ClientExtensionFactory]],
+) -> Sequence[ClientExtensionFactory]:
+    """
+    Enable Per-Message Deflate with default settings in client extensions.
+
+    If the extension is already present, perhaps with non-default settings,
+    the configuration isn't changed.
+
+    """
+    if extensions is None:
+        extensions = []
+    if not any(
+        extension_factory.name == ClientPerMessageDeflateFactory.name
+        for extension_factory in extensions
+    ):
+        extensions = list(extensions) + [
+            ClientPerMessageDeflateFactory(
+                compress_settings={"memLevel": 5},
+            )
+        ]
+    return extensions
+
+
+class ServerPerMessageDeflateFactory(ServerExtensionFactory):
+    """
+    Server-side extension factory for the Per-Message Deflate extension.
+
+    Parameters behave as described in `section 7.1 of RFC 7692`_.
+
+    .. _section 7.1 of RFC 7692: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7692.html#section-7.1
+
+    Set them to :obj:`True` to include them in the negotiation offer without a
+    value or to an integer value to include them with this value.
+
+    Args:
+        server_no_context_takeover: prevent server from using context takeover.
+        client_no_context_takeover: prevent client from using context takeover.
+        server_max_window_bits: maximum size of the server's LZ77 sliding window
+            in bits, between 8 and 15.
+        client_max_window_bits: maximum size of the client's LZ77 sliding window
+            in bits, between 8 and 15.
+        compress_settings: additional keyword arguments for :func:`zlib.compressobj`,
+            excluding ``wbits``.
+        require_client_max_window_bits: do not enable compression at all if
+            client doesn't advertise support for ``client_max_window_bits``;
+            the default behavior is to enable compression without enforcing
+            ``client_max_window_bits``.
+
+    """
+
+    name = ExtensionName("permessage-deflate")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server_no_context_takeover: bool = False,
+        client_no_context_takeover: bool = False,
+        server_max_window_bits: Optional[int] = None,
+        client_max_window_bits: Optional[int] = None,
+        compress_settings: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+        require_client_max_window_bits: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Configure the Per-Message Deflate extension factory.
+
+        """
+        if not (server_max_window_bits is None or 8 <= server_max_window_bits <= 15):
+            raise ValueError("server_max_window_bits must be between 8 and 15")
+        if not (client_max_window_bits is None or 8 <= client_max_window_bits <= 15):
+            raise ValueError("client_max_window_bits must be between 8 and 15")
+        if compress_settings is not None and "wbits" in compress_settings:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "compress_settings must not include wbits, "
+                "set server_max_window_bits instead"
+            )
+        if client_max_window_bits is None and require_client_max_window_bits:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "require_client_max_window_bits is enabled, "
+                "but client_max_window_bits isn't configured"
+            )
+
+        self.server_no_context_takeover = server_no_context_takeover
+        self.client_no_context_takeover = client_no_context_takeover
+        self.server_max_window_bits = server_max_window_bits
+        self.client_max_window_bits = client_max_window_bits
+        self.compress_settings = compress_settings
+        self.require_client_max_window_bits = require_client_max_window_bits
+
+    def process_request_params(
+        self,
+        params: Sequence[ExtensionParameter],
+        accepted_extensions: Sequence[Extension],
+    ) -> Tuple[List[ExtensionParameter], PerMessageDeflate]:
+        """
+        Process request parameters.
+
+        Return response params and an extension instance.
+
+        """
+        if any(other.name == self.name for other in accepted_extensions):
+            raise exceptions.NegotiationError(f"skipped duplicate {self.name}")
+
+        # Load request parameters in local variables.
+        (
+            server_no_context_takeover,
+            client_no_context_takeover,
+            server_max_window_bits,
+            client_max_window_bits,
+        ) = _extract_parameters(params, is_server=True)
+
+        # Configuration parameters are available in instance variables.
+
+        # After comparing the request and the configuration, the response must
+        # be available in the local variables.
+
+        # server_no_context_takeover
+        #
+        #   Config  Req.    Resp.
+        #   ------  ------  --------------------------------------------------
+        #   False   False   False
+        #   False   True    True
+        #   True    False   True - must change value to True
+        #   True    True    True
+
+        if self.server_no_context_takeover:
+            if not server_no_context_takeover:
+                server_no_context_takeover = True
+
+        # client_no_context_takeover
+        #
+        #   Config  Req.    Resp.
+        #   ------  ------  --------------------------------------------------
+        #   False   False   False
+        #   False   True    True (or False)
+        #   True    False   True - must change value to True
+        #   True    True    True (or False)
+
+        if self.client_no_context_takeover:
+            if not client_no_context_takeover:
+                client_no_context_takeover = True
+
+        # server_max_window_bits
+
+        #   Config  Req.    Resp.
+        #   ------  ------  --------------------------------------------------
+        #   None    None    None
+        #   None    8≤M≤15  M
+        #   8≤N≤15  None    N - must change value
+        #   8≤N≤15  8≤M≤N   M
+        #   8≤N≤15  N<M≤15  N - must change value
+
+        if self.server_max_window_bits is None:
+            pass
+
+        else:
+            if server_max_window_bits is None:
+                server_max_window_bits = self.server_max_window_bits
+            elif server_max_window_bits > self.server_max_window_bits:
+                server_max_window_bits = self.server_max_window_bits
+
+        # client_max_window_bits
+
+        #   Config  Req.    Resp.
+        #   ------  ------  --------------------------------------------------
+        #   None    None    None
+        #   None    True    None - must change value
+        #   None    8≤M≤15  M (or None)
+        #   8≤N≤15  None    None or Error!
+        #   8≤N≤15  True    N - must change value
+        #   8≤N≤15  8≤M≤N   M (or None)
+        #   8≤N≤15  N<M≤15  N
+
+        if self.client_max_window_bits is None:
+            if client_max_window_bits is True:
+                client_max_window_bits = self.client_max_window_bits
+
+        else:
+            if client_max_window_bits is None:
+                if self.require_client_max_window_bits:
+                    raise exceptions.NegotiationError("required client_max_window_bits")
+            elif client_max_window_bits is True:
+                client_max_window_bits = self.client_max_window_bits
+            elif self.client_max_window_bits < client_max_window_bits:
+                client_max_window_bits = self.client_max_window_bits
+
+        return (
+            _build_parameters(
+                server_no_context_takeover,
+                client_no_context_takeover,
+                server_max_window_bits,
+                client_max_window_bits,
+            ),
+            PerMessageDeflate(
+                client_no_context_takeover,  # remote_no_context_takeover
+                server_no_context_takeover,  # local_no_context_takeover
+                client_max_window_bits or 15,  # remote_max_window_bits
+                server_max_window_bits or 15,  # local_max_window_bits
+                self.compress_settings,
+            ),
+        )
+
+
+def enable_server_permessage_deflate(
+    extensions: Optional[Sequence[ServerExtensionFactory]],
+) -> Sequence[ServerExtensionFactory]:
+    """
+    Enable Per-Message Deflate with default settings in server extensions.
+
+    If the extension is already present, perhaps with non-default settings,
+    the configuration isn't changed.
+
+    """
+    if extensions is None:
+        extensions = []
+    if not any(
+        ext_factory.name == ServerPerMessageDeflateFactory.name
+        for ext_factory in extensions
+    ):
+        extensions = list(extensions) + [
+            ServerPerMessageDeflateFactory(
+                server_max_window_bits=12,
+                client_max_window_bits=12,
+                compress_settings={"memLevel": 5},
+            )
+        ]
+    return extensions
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/frames.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/frames.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82b4a14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/frames.py
@@ -0,0 +1,441 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+import enum
+import io
+import secrets
+import struct
+from typing import Callable, Generator, Optional, Sequence, Tuple
+
+from . import exceptions, extensions
+from .typing import Data
+
+
+try:
+    from .speedups import apply_mask
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    from .utils import apply_mask
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Opcode",
+    "OP_CONT",
+    "OP_TEXT",
+    "OP_BINARY",
+    "OP_CLOSE",
+    "OP_PING",
+    "OP_PONG",
+    "DATA_OPCODES",
+    "CTRL_OPCODES",
+    "Frame",
+    "prepare_data",
+    "prepare_ctrl",
+    "Close",
+]
+
+
+class Opcode(enum.IntEnum):
+    """Opcode values for WebSocket frames."""
+
+    CONT, TEXT, BINARY = 0x00, 0x01, 0x02
+    CLOSE, PING, PONG = 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A
+
+
+OP_CONT = Opcode.CONT
+OP_TEXT = Opcode.TEXT
+OP_BINARY = Opcode.BINARY
+OP_CLOSE = Opcode.CLOSE
+OP_PING = Opcode.PING
+OP_PONG = Opcode.PONG
+
+DATA_OPCODES = OP_CONT, OP_TEXT, OP_BINARY
+CTRL_OPCODES = OP_CLOSE, OP_PING, OP_PONG
+
+
+# See https://www.iana.org/assignments/websocket/websocket.xhtml
+CLOSE_CODES = {
+    1000: "OK",
+    1001: "going away",
+    1002: "protocol error",
+    1003: "unsupported type",
+    # 1004 is reserved
+    1005: "no status code [internal]",
+    1006: "connection closed abnormally [internal]",
+    1007: "invalid data",
+    1008: "policy violation",
+    1009: "message too big",
+    1010: "extension required",
+    1011: "unexpected error",
+    1012: "service restart",
+    1013: "try again later",
+    1014: "bad gateway",
+    1015: "TLS failure [internal]",
+}
+
+
+# Close code that are allowed in a close frame.
+# Using a set optimizes `code in EXTERNAL_CLOSE_CODES`.
+EXTERNAL_CLOSE_CODES = {
+    1000,
+    1001,
+    1002,
+    1003,
+    1007,
+    1008,
+    1009,
+    1010,
+    1011,
+    1012,
+    1013,
+    1014,
+}
+
+OK_CLOSE_CODES = {1000, 1001}
+
+
+BytesLike = bytes, bytearray, memoryview
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class Frame:
+    """
+    WebSocket frame.
+
+    Attributes:
+        opcode: Opcode.
+        data: Payload data.
+        fin: FIN bit.
+        rsv1: RSV1 bit.
+        rsv2: RSV2 bit.
+        rsv3: RSV3 bit.
+
+    Only these fields are needed. The MASK bit, payload length and masking-key
+    are handled on the fly when parsing and serializing frames.
+
+    """
+
+    opcode: Opcode
+    data: bytes
+    fin: bool = True
+    rsv1: bool = False
+    rsv2: bool = False
+    rsv3: bool = False
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Return a human-readable represention of a frame.
+
+        """
+        coding = None
+        length = f"{len(self.data)} byte{'' if len(self.data) == 1 else 's'}"
+        non_final = "" if self.fin else "continued"
+
+        if self.opcode is OP_TEXT:
+            # Decoding only the beginning and the end is needlessly hard.
+            # Decode the entire payload then elide later if necessary.
+            data = repr(self.data.decode())
+        elif self.opcode is OP_BINARY:
+            # We'll show at most the first 16 bytes and the last 8 bytes.
+            # Encode just what we need, plus two dummy bytes to elide later.
+            binary = self.data
+            if len(binary) > 25:
+                binary = binary[:16] + b"\x00\x00" + binary[-8:]
+            data = " ".join(f"{byte:02x}" for byte in binary)
+        elif self.opcode is OP_CLOSE:
+            data = str(Close.parse(self.data))
+        elif self.data:
+            # We don't know if a Continuation frame contains text or binary.
+            # Ping and Pong frames could contain UTF-8. Attempt to decode as
+            # UTF-8 and display it as text; fallback to binary.
+            try:
+                data = repr(self.data.decode())
+                coding = "text"
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                binary = self.data
+                if len(binary) > 25:
+                    binary = binary[:16] + b"\x00\x00" + binary[-8:]
+                data = " ".join(f"{byte:02x}" for byte in binary)
+                coding = "binary"
+        else:
+            data = "''"
+
+        if len(data) > 75:
+            data = data[:48] + "..." + data[-24:]
+
+        metadata = ", ".join(filter(None, [coding, length, non_final]))
+
+        return f"{self.opcode.name} {data} [{metadata}]"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(
+        cls,
+        read_exact: Callable[[int], Generator[None, None, bytes]],
+        *,
+        mask: bool,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[extensions.Extension]] = None,
+    ) -> Generator[None, None, Frame]:
+        """
+        Parse a WebSocket frame.
+
+        This is a generator-based coroutine.
+
+        Args:
+            read_exact: generator-based coroutine that reads the requested
+                bytes or raises an exception if there isn't enough data.
+            mask: whether the frame should be masked i.e. whether the read
+                happens on the server side.
+            max_size: maximum payload size in bytes.
+            extensions: list of extensions, applied in reverse order.
+
+        Raises:
+            PayloadTooBig: if the frame's payload size exceeds ``max_size``.
+            ProtocolError: if the frame contains incorrect values.
+
+        """
+        # Read the header.
+        data = yield from read_exact(2)
+        head1, head2 = struct.unpack("!BB", data)
+
+        # While not Pythonic, this is marginally faster than calling bool().
+        fin = True if head1 & 0b10000000 else False
+        rsv1 = True if head1 & 0b01000000 else False
+        rsv2 = True if head1 & 0b00100000 else False
+        rsv3 = True if head1 & 0b00010000 else False
+
+        try:
+            opcode = Opcode(head1 & 0b00001111)
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            raise exceptions.ProtocolError("invalid opcode") from exc
+
+        if (True if head2 & 0b10000000 else False) != mask:
+            raise exceptions.ProtocolError("incorrect masking")
+
+        length = head2 & 0b01111111
+        if length == 126:
+            data = yield from read_exact(2)
+            (length,) = struct.unpack("!H", data)
+        elif length == 127:
+            data = yield from read_exact(8)
+            (length,) = struct.unpack("!Q", data)
+        if max_size is not None and length > max_size:
+            raise exceptions.PayloadTooBig(
+                f"over size limit ({length} > {max_size} bytes)"
+            )
+        if mask:
+            mask_bytes = yield from read_exact(4)
+
+        # Read the data.
+        data = yield from read_exact(length)
+        if mask:
+            data = apply_mask(data, mask_bytes)
+
+        frame = cls(opcode, data, fin, rsv1, rsv2, rsv3)
+
+        if extensions is None:
+            extensions = []
+        for extension in reversed(extensions):
+            frame = extension.decode(frame, max_size=max_size)
+
+        frame.check()
+
+        return frame
+
+    def serialize(
+        self,
+        *,
+        mask: bool,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[extensions.Extension]] = None,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Serialize a WebSocket frame.
+
+        Args:
+            mask: whether the frame should be masked i.e. whether the write
+                happens on the client side.
+            extensions: list of extensions, applied in order.
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if the frame contains incorrect values.
+
+        """
+        self.check()
+
+        if extensions is None:
+            extensions = []
+        for extension in extensions:
+            self = extension.encode(self)
+
+        output = io.BytesIO()
+
+        # Prepare the header.
+        head1 = (
+            (0b10000000 if self.fin else 0)
+            | (0b01000000 if self.rsv1 else 0)
+            | (0b00100000 if self.rsv2 else 0)
+            | (0b00010000 if self.rsv3 else 0)
+            | self.opcode
+        )
+
+        head2 = 0b10000000 if mask else 0
+
+        length = len(self.data)
+        if length < 126:
+            output.write(struct.pack("!BB", head1, head2 | length))
+        elif length < 65536:
+            output.write(struct.pack("!BBH", head1, head2 | 126, length))
+        else:
+            output.write(struct.pack("!BBQ", head1, head2 | 127, length))
+
+        if mask:
+            mask_bytes = secrets.token_bytes(4)
+            output.write(mask_bytes)
+
+        # Prepare the data.
+        if mask:
+            data = apply_mask(self.data, mask_bytes)
+        else:
+            data = self.data
+        output.write(data)
+
+        return output.getvalue()
+
+    def check(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Check that reserved bits and opcode have acceptable values.
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if a reserved bit or the opcode is invalid.
+
+        """
+        if self.rsv1 or self.rsv2 or self.rsv3:
+            raise exceptions.ProtocolError("reserved bits must be 0")
+
+        if self.opcode in CTRL_OPCODES:
+            if len(self.data) > 125:
+                raise exceptions.ProtocolError("control frame too long")
+            if not self.fin:
+                raise exceptions.ProtocolError("fragmented control frame")
+
+
+def prepare_data(data: Data) -> Tuple[int, bytes]:
+    """
+    Convert a string or byte-like object to an opcode and a bytes-like object.
+
+    This function is designed for data frames.
+
+    If ``data`` is a :class:`str`, return ``OP_TEXT`` and a :class:`bytes`
+    object encoding ``data`` in UTF-8.
+
+    If ``data`` is a bytes-like object, return ``OP_BINARY`` and a bytes-like
+    object.
+
+    Raises:
+        TypeError: if ``data`` doesn't have a supported type.
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(data, str):
+        return OP_TEXT, data.encode("utf-8")
+    elif isinstance(data, BytesLike):
+        return OP_BINARY, data
+    else:
+        raise TypeError("data must be str or bytes-like")
+
+
+def prepare_ctrl(data: Data) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Convert a string or byte-like object to bytes.
+
+    This function is designed for ping and pong frames.
+
+    If ``data`` is a :class:`str`, return a :class:`bytes` object encoding
+    ``data`` in UTF-8.
+
+    If ``data`` is a bytes-like object, return a :class:`bytes` object.
+
+    Raises:
+        TypeError: if ``data`` doesn't have a supported type.
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(data, str):
+        return data.encode("utf-8")
+    elif isinstance(data, BytesLike):
+        return bytes(data)
+    else:
+        raise TypeError("data must be str or bytes-like")
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class Close:
+    """
+    Code and reason for WebSocket close frames.
+
+    Attributes:
+        code: Close code.
+        reason: Close reason.
+
+    """
+
+    code: int
+    reason: str
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Return a human-readable represention of a close code and reason.
+
+        """
+        if 3000 <= self.code < 4000:
+            explanation = "registered"
+        elif 4000 <= self.code < 5000:
+            explanation = "private use"
+        else:
+            explanation = CLOSE_CODES.get(self.code, "unknown")
+        result = f"{self.code} ({explanation})"
+
+        if self.reason:
+            result = f"{result} {self.reason}"
+
+        return result
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(cls, data: bytes) -> Close:
+        """
+        Parse the payload of a close frame.
+
+        Args:
+            data: payload of the close frame.
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if data is ill-formed.
+            UnicodeDecodeError: if the reason isn't valid UTF-8.
+
+        """
+        if len(data) >= 2:
+            (code,) = struct.unpack("!H", data[:2])
+            reason = data[2:].decode("utf-8")
+            close = cls(code, reason)
+            close.check()
+            return close
+        elif len(data) == 0:
+            return cls(1005, "")
+        else:
+            raise exceptions.ProtocolError("close frame too short")
+
+    def serialize(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Serialize the payload of a close frame.
+
+        """
+        self.check()
+        return struct.pack("!H", self.code) + self.reason.encode("utf-8")
+
+    def check(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Check that the close code has a valid value for a close frame.
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if the close code is invalid.
+
+        """
+        if not (self.code in EXTERNAL_CLOSE_CODES or 3000 <= self.code < 5000):
+            raise exceptions.ProtocolError("invalid status code")
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/headers.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/headers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ae3035
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/headers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,587 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import binascii
+import ipaddress
+import re
+from typing import Callable, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, TypeVar, cast
+
+from . import exceptions
+from .typing import (
+    ConnectionOption,
+    ExtensionHeader,
+    ExtensionName,
+    ExtensionParameter,
+    Subprotocol,
+    UpgradeProtocol,
+)
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "build_host",
+    "parse_connection",
+    "parse_upgrade",
+    "parse_extension",
+    "build_extension",
+    "parse_subprotocol",
+    "build_subprotocol",
+    "validate_subprotocols",
+    "build_www_authenticate_basic",
+    "parse_authorization_basic",
+    "build_authorization_basic",
+]
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+def build_host(host: str, port: int, secure: bool) -> str:
+    """
+    Build a ``Host`` header.
+
+    """
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986.html#section-3.2.2
+    # IPv6 addresses must be enclosed in brackets.
+    try:
+        address = ipaddress.ip_address(host)
+    except ValueError:
+        # host is a hostname
+        pass
+    else:
+        # host is an IP address
+        if address.version == 6:
+            host = f"[{host}]"
+
+    if port != (443 if secure else 80):
+        host = f"{host}:{port}"
+
+    return host
+
+
+# To avoid a dependency on a parsing library, we implement manually the ABNF
+# described in https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-9.1 and
+# https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#appendix-B.
+
+
+def peek_ahead(header: str, pos: int) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Return the next character from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return :obj:`None` at the end of ``header``.
+
+    We never need to peek more than one character ahead.
+
+    """
+    return None if pos == len(header) else header[pos]
+
+
+_OWS_re = re.compile(r"[\t ]*")
+
+
+def parse_OWS(header: str, pos: int) -> int:
+    """
+    Parse optional whitespace from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return the new position.
+
+    The whitespace itself isn't returned because it isn't significant.
+
+    """
+    # There's always a match, possibly empty, whose content doesn't matter.
+    match = _OWS_re.match(header, pos)
+    assert match is not None
+    return match.end()
+
+
+_token_re = re.compile(r"[-!#$%&\'*+.^_`|~0-9a-zA-Z]+")
+
+
+def parse_token(header: str, pos: int, header_name: str) -> Tuple[str, int]:
+    """
+    Parse a token from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return the token value and the new position.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    match = _token_re.match(header, pos)
+    if match is None:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderFormat(header_name, "expected token", header, pos)
+    return match.group(), match.end()
+
+
+_quoted_string_re = re.compile(
+    r'"(?:[\x09\x20-\x21\x23-\x5b\x5d-\x7e]|\\[\x09\x20-\x7e\x80-\xff])*"'
+)
+
+
+_unquote_re = re.compile(r"\\([\x09\x20-\x7e\x80-\xff])")
+
+
+def parse_quoted_string(header: str, pos: int, header_name: str) -> Tuple[str, int]:
+    """
+    Parse a quoted string from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return the unquoted value and the new position.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    match = _quoted_string_re.match(header, pos)
+    if match is None:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderFormat(
+            header_name, "expected quoted string", header, pos
+        )
+    return _unquote_re.sub(r"\1", match.group()[1:-1]), match.end()
+
+
+_quotable_re = re.compile(r"[\x09\x20-\x7e\x80-\xff]*")
+
+
+_quote_re = re.compile(r"([\x22\x5c])")
+
+
+def build_quoted_string(value: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Format ``value`` as a quoted string.
+
+    This is the reverse of :func:`parse_quoted_string`.
+
+    """
+    match = _quotable_re.fullmatch(value)
+    if match is None:
+        raise ValueError("invalid characters for quoted-string encoding")
+    return '"' + _quote_re.sub(r"\\\1", value) + '"'
+
+
+def parse_list(
+    parse_item: Callable[[str, int, str], Tuple[T, int]],
+    header: str,
+    pos: int,
+    header_name: str,
+) -> List[T]:
+    """
+    Parse a comma-separated list from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    This is appropriate for parsing values with the following grammar:
+
+        1#item
+
+    ``parse_item`` parses one item.
+
+    ``header`` is assumed not to start or end with whitespace.
+
+    (This function is designed for parsing an entire header value and
+    :func:`~websockets.http.read_headers` strips whitespace from values.)
+
+    Return a list of items.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    # Per https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-7, "a recipient
+    # MUST parse and ignore a reasonable number of empty list elements";
+    # hence while loops that remove extra delimiters.
+
+    # Remove extra delimiters before the first item.
+    while peek_ahead(header, pos) == ",":
+        pos = parse_OWS(header, pos + 1)
+
+    items = []
+    while True:
+        # Loop invariant: a item starts at pos in header.
+        item, pos = parse_item(header, pos, header_name)
+        items.append(item)
+        pos = parse_OWS(header, pos)
+
+        # We may have reached the end of the header.
+        if pos == len(header):
+            break
+
+        # There must be a delimiter after each element except the last one.
+        if peek_ahead(header, pos) == ",":
+            pos = parse_OWS(header, pos + 1)
+        else:
+            raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderFormat(
+                header_name, "expected comma", header, pos
+            )
+
+        # Remove extra delimiters before the next item.
+        while peek_ahead(header, pos) == ",":
+            pos = parse_OWS(header, pos + 1)
+
+        # We may have reached the end of the header.
+        if pos == len(header):
+            break
+
+    # Since we only advance in the header by one character with peek_ahead()
+    # or with the end position of a regex match, we can't overshoot the end.
+    assert pos == len(header)
+
+    return items
+
+
+def parse_connection_option(
+    header: str, pos: int, header_name: str
+) -> Tuple[ConnectionOption, int]:
+    """
+    Parse a Connection option from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return the protocol value and the new position.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    item, pos = parse_token(header, pos, header_name)
+    return cast(ConnectionOption, item), pos
+
+
+def parse_connection(header: str) -> List[ConnectionOption]:
+    """
+    Parse a ``Connection`` header.
+
+    Return a list of HTTP connection options.
+
+    Args
+        header: value of the ``Connection`` header.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    return parse_list(parse_connection_option, header, 0, "Connection")
+
+
+_protocol_re = re.compile(
+    r"[-!#$%&\'*+.^_`|~0-9a-zA-Z]+(?:/[-!#$%&\'*+.^_`|~0-9a-zA-Z]+)?"
+)
+
+
+def parse_upgrade_protocol(
+    header: str, pos: int, header_name: str
+) -> Tuple[UpgradeProtocol, int]:
+    """
+    Parse an Upgrade protocol from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return the protocol value and the new position.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    match = _protocol_re.match(header, pos)
+    if match is None:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderFormat(
+            header_name, "expected protocol", header, pos
+        )
+    return cast(UpgradeProtocol, match.group()), match.end()
+
+
+def parse_upgrade(header: str) -> List[UpgradeProtocol]:
+    """
+    Parse an ``Upgrade`` header.
+
+    Return a list of HTTP protocols.
+
+    Args:
+        header: value of the ``Upgrade`` header.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    return parse_list(parse_upgrade_protocol, header, 0, "Upgrade")
+
+
+def parse_extension_item_param(
+    header: str, pos: int, header_name: str
+) -> Tuple[ExtensionParameter, int]:
+    """
+    Parse a single extension parameter from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return a ``(name, value)`` pair and the new position.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    # Extract parameter name.
+    name, pos = parse_token(header, pos, header_name)
+    pos = parse_OWS(header, pos)
+    # Extract parameter value, if there is one.
+    value: Optional[str] = None
+    if peek_ahead(header, pos) == "=":
+        pos = parse_OWS(header, pos + 1)
+        if peek_ahead(header, pos) == '"':
+            pos_before = pos  # for proper error reporting below
+            value, pos = parse_quoted_string(header, pos, header_name)
+            # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-9.1 says:
+            # the value after quoted-string unescaping MUST conform to
+            # the 'token' ABNF.
+            if _token_re.fullmatch(value) is None:
+                raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderFormat(
+                    header_name, "invalid quoted header content", header, pos_before
+                )
+        else:
+            value, pos = parse_token(header, pos, header_name)
+        pos = parse_OWS(header, pos)
+
+    return (name, value), pos
+
+
+def parse_extension_item(
+    header: str, pos: int, header_name: str
+) -> Tuple[ExtensionHeader, int]:
+    """
+    Parse an extension definition from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return an ``(extension name, parameters)`` pair, where ``parameters`` is a
+    list of ``(name, value)`` pairs, and the new position.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    # Extract extension name.
+    name, pos = parse_token(header, pos, header_name)
+    pos = parse_OWS(header, pos)
+    # Extract all parameters.
+    parameters = []
+    while peek_ahead(header, pos) == ";":
+        pos = parse_OWS(header, pos + 1)
+        parameter, pos = parse_extension_item_param(header, pos, header_name)
+        parameters.append(parameter)
+    return (cast(ExtensionName, name), parameters), pos
+
+
+def parse_extension(header: str) -> List[ExtensionHeader]:
+    """
+    Parse a ``Sec-WebSocket-Extensions`` header.
+
+    Return a list of WebSocket extensions and their parameters in this format::
+
+        [
+            (
+                'extension name',
+                [
+                    ('parameter name', 'parameter value'),
+                    ....
+                ]
+            ),
+            ...
+        ]
+
+    Parameter values are :obj:`None` when no value is provided.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    return parse_list(parse_extension_item, header, 0, "Sec-WebSocket-Extensions")
+
+
+parse_extension_list = parse_extension  # alias for backwards compatibility
+
+
+def build_extension_item(
+    name: ExtensionName, parameters: List[ExtensionParameter]
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Build an extension definition.
+
+    This is the reverse of :func:`parse_extension_item`.
+
+    """
+    return "; ".join(
+        [cast(str, name)]
+        + [
+            # Quoted strings aren't necessary because values are always tokens.
+            name if value is None else f"{name}={value}"
+            for name, value in parameters
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+def build_extension(extensions: Sequence[ExtensionHeader]) -> str:
+    """
+    Build a ``Sec-WebSocket-Extensions`` header.
+
+    This is the reverse of :func:`parse_extension`.
+
+    """
+    return ", ".join(
+        build_extension_item(name, parameters) for name, parameters in extensions
+    )
+
+
+build_extension_list = build_extension  # alias for backwards compatibility
+
+
+def parse_subprotocol_item(
+    header: str, pos: int, header_name: str
+) -> Tuple[Subprotocol, int]:
+    """
+    Parse a subprotocol from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return the subprotocol value and the new position.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    item, pos = parse_token(header, pos, header_name)
+    return cast(Subprotocol, item), pos
+
+
+def parse_subprotocol(header: str) -> List[Subprotocol]:
+    """
+    Parse a ``Sec-WebSocket-Protocol`` header.
+
+    Return a list of WebSocket subprotocols.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    return parse_list(parse_subprotocol_item, header, 0, "Sec-WebSocket-Protocol")
+
+
+parse_subprotocol_list = parse_subprotocol  # alias for backwards compatibility
+
+
+def build_subprotocol(subprotocols: Sequence[Subprotocol]) -> str:
+    """
+    Build a ``Sec-WebSocket-Protocol`` header.
+
+    This is the reverse of :func:`parse_subprotocol`.
+
+    """
+    return ", ".join(subprotocols)
+
+
+build_subprotocol_list = build_subprotocol  # alias for backwards compatibility
+
+
+def validate_subprotocols(subprotocols: Sequence[Subprotocol]) -> None:
+    """
+    Validate that ``subprotocols`` is suitable for :func:`build_subprotocol`.
+
+    """
+    if not isinstance(subprotocols, Sequence):
+        raise TypeError("subprotocols must be a list")
+    if isinstance(subprotocols, str):
+        raise TypeError("subprotocols must be a list, not a str")
+    for subprotocol in subprotocols:
+        if not _token_re.fullmatch(subprotocol):
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid subprotocol: {subprotocol}")
+
+
+def build_www_authenticate_basic(realm: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Build a ``WWW-Authenticate`` header for HTTP Basic Auth.
+
+    Args:
+        realm: identifier of the protection space.
+
+    """
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7617.html#section-2
+    realm = build_quoted_string(realm)
+    charset = build_quoted_string("UTF-8")
+    return f"Basic realm={realm}, charset={charset}"
+
+
+_token68_re = re.compile(r"[A-Za-z0-9-._~+/]+=*")
+
+
+def parse_token68(header: str, pos: int, header_name: str) -> Tuple[str, int]:
+    """
+    Parse a token68 from ``header`` at the given position.
+
+    Return the token value and the new position.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+
+    """
+    match = _token68_re.match(header, pos)
+    if match is None:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderFormat(
+            header_name, "expected token68", header, pos
+        )
+    return match.group(), match.end()
+
+
+def parse_end(header: str, pos: int, header_name: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Check that parsing reached the end of header.
+
+    """
+    if pos < len(header):
+        raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderFormat(header_name, "trailing data", header, pos)
+
+
+def parse_authorization_basic(header: str) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    """
+    Parse an ``Authorization`` header for HTTP Basic Auth.
+
+    Return a ``(username, password)`` tuple.
+
+    Args:
+        header: value of the ``Authorization`` header.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHeaderFormat: on invalid inputs.
+        InvalidHeaderValue: on unsupported inputs.
+
+    """
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7235.html#section-2.1
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7617.html#section-2
+    scheme, pos = parse_token(header, 0, "Authorization")
+    if scheme.lower() != "basic":
+        raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderValue(
+            "Authorization",
+            f"unsupported scheme: {scheme}",
+        )
+    if peek_ahead(header, pos) != " ":
+        raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderFormat(
+            "Authorization", "expected space after scheme", header, pos
+        )
+    pos += 1
+    basic_credentials, pos = parse_token68(header, pos, "Authorization")
+    parse_end(header, pos, "Authorization")
+
+    try:
+        user_pass = base64.b64decode(basic_credentials.encode()).decode()
+    except binascii.Error:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderValue(
+            "Authorization",
+            "expected base64-encoded credentials",
+        ) from None
+    try:
+        username, password = user_pass.split(":", 1)
+    except ValueError:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidHeaderValue(
+            "Authorization",
+            "expected username:password credentials",
+        ) from None
+
+    return username, password
+
+
+def build_authorization_basic(username: str, password: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Build an ``Authorization`` header for HTTP Basic Auth.
+
+    This is the reverse of :func:`parse_authorization_basic`.
+
+    """
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7617.html#section-2
+    assert ":" not in username
+    user_pass = f"{username}:{password}"
+    basic_credentials = base64.b64encode(user_pass.encode()).decode()
+    return "Basic " + basic_credentials
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/http.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/http.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b14fa94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/http.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+
+from .imports import lazy_import
+from .version import version as websockets_version
+
+
+# For backwards compatibility:
+
+
+lazy_import(
+    globals(),
+    # Headers and MultipleValuesError used to be defined in this module.
+    aliases={
+        "Headers": ".datastructures",
+        "MultipleValuesError": ".datastructures",
+    },
+    deprecated_aliases={
+        "read_request": ".legacy.http",
+        "read_response": ".legacy.http",
+    },
+)
+
+
+__all__ = ["USER_AGENT"]
+
+
+PYTHON_VERSION = "{}.{}".format(*sys.version_info)
+USER_AGENT = f"Python/{PYTHON_VERSION} websockets/{websockets_version}"
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/http11.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/http11.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..502ca64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/http11.py
@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+import re
+from typing import Callable, Generator, Optional
+
+from . import datastructures, exceptions
+
+
+# Maximum total size of headers is around 256 * 4 KiB = 1 MiB
+MAX_HEADERS = 256
+
+# We can use the same limit for the request line and header lines:
+# "GET <4096 bytes> HTTP/1.1\r\n" = 4111 bytes
+# "Set-Cookie: <4097 bytes>\r\n" = 4111 bytes
+# (RFC requires 4096 bytes; for some reason Firefox supports 4097 bytes.)
+MAX_LINE = 4111
+
+# Support for HTTP response bodies is intended to read an error message
+# returned by a server. It isn't designed to perform large file transfers.
+MAX_BODY = 2**20  # 1 MiB
+
+
+def d(value: bytes) -> str:
+    """
+    Decode a bytestring for interpolating into an error message.
+
+    """
+    return value.decode(errors="backslashreplace")
+
+
+# See https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#appendix-B.
+
+# Regex for validating header names.
+
+_token_re = re.compile(rb"[-!#$%&\'*+.^_`|~0-9a-zA-Z]+")
+
+# Regex for validating header values.
+
+# We don't attempt to support obsolete line folding.
+
+# Include HTAB (\x09), SP (\x20), VCHAR (\x21-\x7e), obs-text (\x80-\xff).
+
+# The ABNF is complicated because it attempts to express that optional
+# whitespace is ignored. We strip whitespace and don't revalidate that.
+
+# See also https://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?rfc=7230&eid=4189
+
+_value_re = re.compile(rb"[\x09\x20-\x7e\x80-\xff]*")
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class Request:
+    """
+    WebSocket handshake request.
+
+    Attributes:
+        path: Request path, including optional query.
+        headers: Request headers.
+        exception: If processing the response triggers an exception,
+            the exception is stored in this attribute.
+    """
+
+    path: str
+    headers: datastructures.Headers
+    # body isn't useful is the context of this library.
+
+    exception: Optional[Exception] = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(
+        cls,
+        read_line: Callable[[int], Generator[None, None, bytes]],
+    ) -> Generator[None, None, Request]:
+        """
+        Parse a WebSocket handshake request.
+
+        This is a generator-based coroutine.
+
+        The request path isn't URL-decoded or validated in any way.
+
+        The request path and headers are expected to contain only ASCII
+        characters. Other characters are represented with surrogate escapes.
+
+        :meth:`parse` doesn't attempt to read the request body because
+        WebSocket handshake requests don't have one. If the request contains a
+        body, it may be read from the data stream after :meth:`parse` returns.
+
+        Args:
+            read_line: generator-based coroutine that reads a LF-terminated
+                line or raises an exception if there isn't enough data
+
+        Raises:
+            EOFError: if the connection is closed without a full HTTP request.
+            SecurityError: if the request exceeds a security limit.
+            ValueError: if the request isn't well formatted.
+
+        """
+        # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.1.1
+
+        # Parsing is simple because fixed values are expected for method and
+        # version and because path isn't checked. Since WebSocket software tends
+        # to implement HTTP/1.1 strictly, there's little need for lenient parsing.
+
+        try:
+            request_line = yield from parse_line(read_line)
+        except EOFError as exc:
+            raise EOFError("connection closed while reading HTTP request line") from exc
+
+        try:
+            method, raw_path, version = request_line.split(b" ", 2)
+        except ValueError:  # not enough values to unpack (expected 3, got 1-2)
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP request line: {d(request_line)}") from None
+
+        if method != b"GET":
+            raise ValueError(f"unsupported HTTP method: {d(method)}")
+        if version != b"HTTP/1.1":
+            raise ValueError(f"unsupported HTTP version: {d(version)}")
+        path = raw_path.decode("ascii", "surrogateescape")
+
+        headers = yield from parse_headers(read_line)
+
+        # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.3.3
+
+        if "Transfer-Encoding" in headers:
+            raise NotImplementedError("transfer codings aren't supported")
+
+        if "Content-Length" in headers:
+            raise ValueError("unsupported request body")
+
+        return cls(path, headers)
+
+    def serialize(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Serialize a WebSocket handshake request.
+
+        """
+        # Since the request line and headers only contain ASCII characters,
+        # we can keep this simple.
+        request = f"GET {self.path} HTTP/1.1\r\n".encode()
+        request += self.headers.serialize()
+        return request
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class Response:
+    """
+    WebSocket handshake response.
+
+    Attributes:
+        status_code: Response code.
+        reason_phrase: Response reason.
+        headers: Response headers.
+        body: Response body, if any.
+        exception: if processing the response triggers an exception,
+            the exception is stored in this attribute.
+
+    """
+
+    status_code: int
+    reason_phrase: str
+    headers: datastructures.Headers
+    body: Optional[bytes] = None
+
+    exception: Optional[Exception] = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(
+        cls,
+        read_line: Callable[[int], Generator[None, None, bytes]],
+        read_exact: Callable[[int], Generator[None, None, bytes]],
+        read_to_eof: Callable[[int], Generator[None, None, bytes]],
+    ) -> Generator[None, None, Response]:
+        """
+        Parse a WebSocket handshake response.
+
+        This is a generator-based coroutine.
+
+        The reason phrase and headers are expected to contain only ASCII
+        characters. Other characters are represented with surrogate escapes.
+
+        Args:
+            read_line: generator-based coroutine that reads a LF-terminated
+                line or raises an exception if there isn't enough data.
+            read_exact: generator-based coroutine that reads the requested
+                bytes or raises an exception if there isn't enough data.
+            read_to_eof: generator-based coroutine that reads until the end
+                of the stream.
+
+        Raises:
+            EOFError: if the connection is closed without a full HTTP response.
+            SecurityError: if the response exceeds a security limit.
+            LookupError: if the response isn't well formatted.
+            ValueError: if the response isn't well formatted.
+
+        """
+        # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.1.2
+
+        try:
+            status_line = yield from parse_line(read_line)
+        except EOFError as exc:
+            raise EOFError("connection closed while reading HTTP status line") from exc
+
+        try:
+            version, raw_status_code, raw_reason = status_line.split(b" ", 2)
+        except ValueError:  # not enough values to unpack (expected 3, got 1-2)
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP status line: {d(status_line)}") from None
+
+        if version != b"HTTP/1.1":
+            raise ValueError(f"unsupported HTTP version: {d(version)}")
+        try:
+            status_code = int(raw_status_code)
+        except ValueError:  # invalid literal for int() with base 10
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"invalid HTTP status code: {d(raw_status_code)}"
+            ) from None
+        if not 100 <= status_code < 1000:
+            raise ValueError(f"unsupported HTTP status code: {d(raw_status_code)}")
+        if not _value_re.fullmatch(raw_reason):
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP reason phrase: {d(raw_reason)}")
+        reason = raw_reason.decode()
+
+        headers = yield from parse_headers(read_line)
+
+        # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.3.3
+
+        if "Transfer-Encoding" in headers:
+            raise NotImplementedError("transfer codings aren't supported")
+
+        # Since websockets only does GET requests (no HEAD, no CONNECT), all
+        # responses except 1xx, 204, and 304 include a message body.
+        if 100 <= status_code < 200 or status_code == 204 or status_code == 304:
+            body = None
+        else:
+            content_length: Optional[int]
+            try:
+                # MultipleValuesError is sufficiently unlikely that we don't
+                # attempt to handle it. Instead we document that its parent
+                # class, LookupError, may be raised.
+                raw_content_length = headers["Content-Length"]
+            except KeyError:
+                content_length = None
+            else:
+                content_length = int(raw_content_length)
+
+            if content_length is None:
+                try:
+                    body = yield from read_to_eof(MAX_BODY)
+                except RuntimeError:
+                    raise exceptions.SecurityError(
+                        f"body too large: over {MAX_BODY} bytes"
+                    )
+            elif content_length > MAX_BODY:
+                raise exceptions.SecurityError(
+                    f"body too large: {content_length} bytes"
+                )
+            else:
+                body = yield from read_exact(content_length)
+
+        return cls(status_code, reason, headers, body)
+
+    def serialize(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Serialize a WebSocket handshake response.
+
+        """
+        # Since the status line and headers only contain ASCII characters,
+        # we can keep this simple.
+        response = f"HTTP/1.1 {self.status_code} {self.reason_phrase}\r\n".encode()
+        response += self.headers.serialize()
+        if self.body is not None:
+            response += self.body
+        return response
+
+
+def parse_headers(
+    read_line: Callable[[int], Generator[None, None, bytes]],
+) -> Generator[None, None, datastructures.Headers]:
+    """
+    Parse HTTP headers.
+
+    Non-ASCII characters are represented with surrogate escapes.
+
+    Args:
+        read_line: generator-based coroutine that reads a LF-terminated line
+            or raises an exception if there isn't enough data.
+
+    Raises:
+        EOFError: if the connection is closed without complete headers.
+        SecurityError: if the request exceeds a security limit.
+        ValueError: if the request isn't well formatted.
+
+    """
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.2
+
+    # We don't attempt to support obsolete line folding.
+
+    headers = datastructures.Headers()
+    for _ in range(MAX_HEADERS + 1):
+        try:
+            line = yield from parse_line(read_line)
+        except EOFError as exc:
+            raise EOFError("connection closed while reading HTTP headers") from exc
+        if line == b"":
+            break
+
+        try:
+            raw_name, raw_value = line.split(b":", 1)
+        except ValueError:  # not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP header line: {d(line)}") from None
+        if not _token_re.fullmatch(raw_name):
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP header name: {d(raw_name)}")
+        raw_value = raw_value.strip(b" \t")
+        if not _value_re.fullmatch(raw_value):
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP header value: {d(raw_value)}")
+
+        name = raw_name.decode("ascii")  # guaranteed to be ASCII at this point
+        value = raw_value.decode("ascii", "surrogateescape")
+        headers[name] = value
+
+    else:
+        raise exceptions.SecurityError("too many HTTP headers")
+
+    return headers
+
+
+def parse_line(
+    read_line: Callable[[int], Generator[None, None, bytes]],
+) -> Generator[None, None, bytes]:
+    """
+    Parse a single line.
+
+    CRLF is stripped from the return value.
+
+    Args:
+        read_line: generator-based coroutine that reads a LF-terminated line
+            or raises an exception if there isn't enough data.
+
+    Raises:
+        EOFError: if the connection is closed without a CRLF.
+        SecurityError: if the response exceeds a security limit.
+
+    """
+    try:
+        line = yield from read_line(MAX_LINE)
+    except RuntimeError:
+        raise exceptions.SecurityError("line too long")
+    # Not mandatory but safe - https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.5
+    if not line.endswith(b"\r\n"):
+        raise EOFError("line without CRLF")
+    return line[:-2]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/imports.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/imports.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6a59d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/imports.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import warnings
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, Optional
+
+
+__all__ = ["lazy_import"]
+
+
+def import_name(name: str, source: str, namespace: Dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
+    """
+    Import ``name`` from ``source`` in ``namespace``.
+
+    There are two use cases:
+
+    - ``name`` is an object defined in ``source``;
+    - ``name`` is a submodule of ``source``.
+
+    Neither :func:`__import__` nor :func:`~importlib.import_module` does
+    exactly this. :func:`__import__` is closer to the intended behavior.
+
+    """
+    level = 0
+    while source[level] == ".":
+        level += 1
+        assert level < len(source), "importing from parent isn't supported"
+    module = __import__(source[level:], namespace, None, [name], level)
+    return getattr(module, name)
+
+
+def lazy_import(
+    namespace: Dict[str, Any],
+    aliases: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+    deprecated_aliases: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Provide lazy, module-level imports.
+
+    Typical use::
+
+        __getattr__, __dir__ = lazy_import(
+            globals(),
+            aliases={
+                "<name>": "<source module>",
+                ...
+            },
+            deprecated_aliases={
+                ...,
+            }
+        )
+
+    This function defines ``__getattr__`` and ``__dir__`` per :pep:`562`.
+
+    """
+    if aliases is None:
+        aliases = {}
+    if deprecated_aliases is None:
+        deprecated_aliases = {}
+
+    namespace_set = set(namespace)
+    aliases_set = set(aliases)
+    deprecated_aliases_set = set(deprecated_aliases)
+
+    assert not namespace_set & aliases_set, "namespace conflict"
+    assert not namespace_set & deprecated_aliases_set, "namespace conflict"
+    assert not aliases_set & deprecated_aliases_set, "namespace conflict"
+
+    package = namespace["__name__"]
+
+    def __getattr__(name: str) -> Any:
+        assert aliases is not None  # mypy cannot figure this out
+        try:
+            source = aliases[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            return import_name(name, source, namespace)
+
+        assert deprecated_aliases is not None  # mypy cannot figure this out
+        try:
+            source = deprecated_aliases[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            warnings.warn(
+                f"{package}.{name} is deprecated",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            return import_name(name, source, namespace)
+
+        raise AttributeError(f"module {package!r} has no attribute {name!r}")
+
+    namespace["__getattr__"] = __getattr__
+
+    def __dir__() -> Iterable[str]:
+        return sorted(namespace_set | aliases_set | deprecated_aliases_set)
+
+    namespace["__dir__"] = __dir__
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/__init__.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/auth.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/auth.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8825c14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import functools
+import hmac
+import http
+from typing import Any, Awaitable, Callable, Iterable, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast
+
+from ..datastructures import Headers
+from ..exceptions import InvalidHeader
+from ..headers import build_www_authenticate_basic, parse_authorization_basic
+from .server import HTTPResponse, WebSocketServerProtocol
+
+
+__all__ = ["BasicAuthWebSocketServerProtocol", "basic_auth_protocol_factory"]
+
+Credentials = Tuple[str, str]
+
+
+def is_credentials(value: Any) -> bool:
+    try:
+        username, password = value
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return False
+    else:
+        return isinstance(username, str) and isinstance(password, str)
+
+
+class BasicAuthWebSocketServerProtocol(WebSocketServerProtocol):
+    """
+    WebSocket server protocol that enforces HTTP Basic Auth.
+
+    """
+
+    realm: str = ""
+    """
+    Scope of protection.
+
+    If provided, it should contain only ASCII characters because the
+    encoding of non-ASCII characters is undefined.
+    """
+
+    username: Optional[str] = None
+    """Username of the authenticated user."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *args: Any,
+        realm: Optional[str] = None,
+        check_credentials: Optional[Callable[[str, str], Awaitable[bool]]] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        if realm is not None:
+            self.realm = realm  # shadow class attribute
+        self._check_credentials = check_credentials
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    async def check_credentials(self, username: str, password: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check whether credentials are authorized.
+
+        This coroutine may be overridden in a subclass, for example to
+        authenticate against a database or an external service.
+
+        Args:
+            username: HTTP Basic Auth username.
+            password: HTTP Basic Auth password.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: :obj:`True` if the handshake should continue;
+            :obj:`False` if it should fail with a HTTP 401 error.
+
+        """
+        if self._check_credentials is not None:
+            return await self._check_credentials(username, password)
+
+        return False
+
+    async def process_request(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        request_headers: Headers,
+    ) -> Optional[HTTPResponse]:
+        """
+        Check HTTP Basic Auth and return a HTTP 401 response if needed.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            authorization = request_headers["Authorization"]
+        except KeyError:
+            return (
+                http.HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED,
+                [("WWW-Authenticate", build_www_authenticate_basic(self.realm))],
+                b"Missing credentials\n",
+            )
+
+        try:
+            username, password = parse_authorization_basic(authorization)
+        except InvalidHeader:
+            return (
+                http.HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED,
+                [("WWW-Authenticate", build_www_authenticate_basic(self.realm))],
+                b"Unsupported credentials\n",
+            )
+
+        if not await self.check_credentials(username, password):
+            return (
+                http.HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED,
+                [("WWW-Authenticate", build_www_authenticate_basic(self.realm))],
+                b"Invalid credentials\n",
+            )
+
+        self.username = username
+
+        return await super().process_request(path, request_headers)
+
+
+def basic_auth_protocol_factory(
+    realm: Optional[str] = None,
+    credentials: Optional[Union[Credentials, Iterable[Credentials]]] = None,
+    check_credentials: Optional[Callable[[str, str], Awaitable[bool]]] = None,
+    create_protocol: Optional[Callable[[Any], BasicAuthWebSocketServerProtocol]] = None,
+) -> Callable[[Any], BasicAuthWebSocketServerProtocol]:
+    """
+    Protocol factory that enforces HTTP Basic Auth.
+
+    :func:`basic_auth_protocol_factory` is designed to integrate with
+    :func:`~websockets.server.serve` like this::
+
+        websockets.serve(
+            ...,
+            create_protocol=websockets.basic_auth_protocol_factory(
+                realm="my dev server",
+                credentials=("hello", "iloveyou"),
+            )
+        )
+
+    Args:
+        realm: indicates the scope of protection. It should contain only ASCII
+            characters because the encoding of non-ASCII characters is
+            undefined. Refer to section 2.2 of :rfc:`7235` for details.
+        credentials: defines hard coded authorized credentials. It can be a
+            ``(username, password)`` pair or a list of such pairs.
+        check_credentials: defines a coroutine that verifies credentials.
+            This coroutine receives ``username`` and ``password`` arguments
+            and returns a :class:`bool`. One of ``credentials`` or
+            ``check_credentials`` must be provided but not both.
+        create_protocol: factory that creates the protocol. By default, this
+            is :class:`BasicAuthWebSocketServerProtocol`. It can be replaced
+            by a subclass.
+    Raises:
+        TypeError: if the ``credentials`` or ``check_credentials`` argument is
+            wrong.
+
+    """
+    if (credentials is None) == (check_credentials is None):
+        raise TypeError("provide either credentials or check_credentials")
+
+    if credentials is not None:
+        if is_credentials(credentials):
+            credentials_list = [cast(Credentials, credentials)]
+        elif isinstance(credentials, Iterable):
+            credentials_list = list(credentials)
+            if not all(is_credentials(item) for item in credentials_list):
+                raise TypeError(f"invalid credentials argument: {credentials}")
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f"invalid credentials argument: {credentials}")
+
+        credentials_dict = dict(credentials_list)
+
+        async def check_credentials(username: str, password: str) -> bool:
+            try:
+                expected_password = credentials_dict[username]
+            except KeyError:
+                return False
+            return hmac.compare_digest(expected_password, password)
+
+    if create_protocol is None:
+        # Not sure why mypy cannot figure this out.
+        create_protocol = cast(
+            Callable[[Any], BasicAuthWebSocketServerProtocol],
+            BasicAuthWebSocketServerProtocol,
+        )
+
+    return functools.partial(
+        create_protocol,
+        realm=realm,
+        check_credentials=check_credentials,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/client.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/client.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fadc3ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/client.py
@@ -0,0 +1,709 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import functools
+import logging
+import random
+import urllib.parse
+import warnings
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    AsyncIterator,
+    Callable,
+    Generator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from ..datastructures import Headers, HeadersLike
+from ..exceptions import (
+    InvalidHandshake,
+    InvalidHeader,
+    InvalidMessage,
+    InvalidStatusCode,
+    NegotiationError,
+    RedirectHandshake,
+    SecurityError,
+)
+from ..extensions import ClientExtensionFactory, Extension
+from ..extensions.permessage_deflate import enable_client_permessage_deflate
+from ..headers import (
+    build_authorization_basic,
+    build_extension,
+    build_host,
+    build_subprotocol,
+    parse_extension,
+    parse_subprotocol,
+    validate_subprotocols,
+)
+from ..http import USER_AGENT
+from ..typing import ExtensionHeader, LoggerLike, Origin, Subprotocol
+from ..uri import WebSocketURI, parse_uri
+from .handshake import build_request, check_response
+from .http import read_response
+from .protocol import WebSocketCommonProtocol
+
+
+__all__ = ["connect", "unix_connect", "WebSocketClientProtocol"]
+
+
+class WebSocketClientProtocol(WebSocketCommonProtocol):
+    """
+    WebSocket client connection.
+
+    :class:`WebSocketClientProtocol` provides :meth:`recv` and :meth:`send`
+    coroutines for receiving and sending messages.
+
+    It supports asynchronous iteration to receive incoming messages::
+
+        async for message in websocket:
+            await process(message)
+
+    The iterator exits normally when the connection is closed with close code
+    1000 (OK) or 1001 (going away). It raises
+    a :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedError` when the connection
+    is closed with any other code.
+
+    See :func:`connect` for the documentation of ``logger``, ``origin``,
+    ``extensions``, ``subprotocols``, and ``extra_headers``.
+
+    See :class:`~websockets.legacy.protocol.WebSocketCommonProtocol` for the
+    documentation of ``ping_interval``, ``ping_timeout``, ``close_timeout``,
+    ``max_size``, ``max_queue``, ``read_limit``, and ``write_limit``.
+
+    """
+
+    is_client = True
+    side = "client"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        logger: Optional[LoggerLike] = None,
+        origin: Optional[Origin] = None,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[ClientExtensionFactory]] = None,
+        subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]] = None,
+        extra_headers: Optional[HeadersLike] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        if logger is None:
+            logger = logging.getLogger("websockets.client")
+        super().__init__(logger=logger, **kwargs)
+        self.origin = origin
+        self.available_extensions = extensions
+        self.available_subprotocols = subprotocols
+        self.extra_headers = extra_headers
+
+    def write_http_request(self, path: str, headers: Headers) -> None:
+        """
+        Write request line and headers to the HTTP request.
+
+        """
+        self.path = path
+        self.request_headers = headers
+
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("> GET %s HTTP/1.1", path)
+            for key, value in headers.raw_items():
+                self.logger.debug("> %s: %s", key, value)
+
+        # Since the path and headers only contain ASCII characters,
+        # we can keep this simple.
+        request = f"GET {path} HTTP/1.1\r\n"
+        request += str(headers)
+
+        self.transport.write(request.encode())
+
+    async def read_http_response(self) -> Tuple[int, Headers]:
+        """
+        Read status line and headers from the HTTP response.
+
+        If the response contains a body, it may be read from ``self.reader``
+        after this coroutine returns.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidMessage: if the HTTP message is malformed or isn't an
+                HTTP/1.1 GET response.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            status_code, reason, headers = await read_response(self.reader)
+        # Remove this branch when dropping support for Python < 3.8
+        # because CancelledError no longer inherits Exception.
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise InvalidMessage("did not receive a valid HTTP response") from exc
+
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("< HTTP/1.1 %d %s", status_code, reason)
+            for key, value in headers.raw_items():
+                self.logger.debug("< %s: %s", key, value)
+
+        self.response_headers = headers
+
+        return status_code, self.response_headers
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def process_extensions(
+        headers: Headers,
+        available_extensions: Optional[Sequence[ClientExtensionFactory]],
+    ) -> List[Extension]:
+        """
+        Handle the Sec-WebSocket-Extensions HTTP response header.
+
+        Check that each extension is supported, as well as its parameters.
+
+        Return the list of accepted extensions.
+
+        Raise :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.InvalidHandshake` to abort the
+        connection.
+
+        :rfc:`6455` leaves the rules up to the specification of each
+        :extension.
+
+        To provide this level of flexibility, for each extension accepted by
+        the server, we check for a match with each extension available in the
+        client configuration. If no match is found, an exception is raised.
+
+        If several variants of the same extension are accepted by the server,
+        it may be configured several times, which won't make sense in general.
+        Extensions must implement their own requirements. For this purpose,
+        the list of previously accepted extensions is provided.
+
+        Other requirements, for example related to mandatory extensions or the
+        order of extensions, may be implemented by overriding this method.
+
+        """
+        accepted_extensions: List[Extension] = []
+
+        header_values = headers.get_all("Sec-WebSocket-Extensions")
+
+        if header_values:
+
+            if available_extensions is None:
+                raise InvalidHandshake("no extensions supported")
+
+            parsed_header_values: List[ExtensionHeader] = sum(
+                [parse_extension(header_value) for header_value in header_values], []
+            )
+
+            for name, response_params in parsed_header_values:
+
+                for extension_factory in available_extensions:
+
+                    # Skip non-matching extensions based on their name.
+                    if extension_factory.name != name:
+                        continue
+
+                    # Skip non-matching extensions based on their params.
+                    try:
+                        extension = extension_factory.process_response_params(
+                            response_params, accepted_extensions
+                        )
+                    except NegotiationError:
+                        continue
+
+                    # Add matching extension to the final list.
+                    accepted_extensions.append(extension)
+
+                    # Break out of the loop once we have a match.
+                    break
+
+                # If we didn't break from the loop, no extension in our list
+                # matched what the server sent. Fail the connection.
+                else:
+                    raise NegotiationError(
+                        f"Unsupported extension: "
+                        f"name = {name}, params = {response_params}"
+                    )
+
+        return accepted_extensions
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def process_subprotocol(
+        headers: Headers, available_subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]]
+    ) -> Optional[Subprotocol]:
+        """
+        Handle the Sec-WebSocket-Protocol HTTP response header.
+
+        Check that it contains exactly one supported subprotocol.
+
+        Return the selected subprotocol.
+
+        """
+        subprotocol: Optional[Subprotocol] = None
+
+        header_values = headers.get_all("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol")
+
+        if header_values:
+
+            if available_subprotocols is None:
+                raise InvalidHandshake("no subprotocols supported")
+
+            parsed_header_values: Sequence[Subprotocol] = sum(
+                [parse_subprotocol(header_value) for header_value in header_values], []
+            )
+
+            if len(parsed_header_values) > 1:
+                subprotocols = ", ".join(parsed_header_values)
+                raise InvalidHandshake(f"multiple subprotocols: {subprotocols}")
+
+            subprotocol = parsed_header_values[0]
+
+            if subprotocol not in available_subprotocols:
+                raise NegotiationError(f"unsupported subprotocol: {subprotocol}")
+
+        return subprotocol
+
+    async def handshake(
+        self,
+        wsuri: WebSocketURI,
+        origin: Optional[Origin] = None,
+        available_extensions: Optional[Sequence[ClientExtensionFactory]] = None,
+        available_subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]] = None,
+        extra_headers: Optional[HeadersLike] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Perform the client side of the opening handshake.
+
+        Args:
+            wsuri: URI of the WebSocket server.
+            origin: value of the ``Origin`` header.
+            available_extensions: list of supported extensions, in order in
+                which they should be tried.
+            available_subprotocols: list of supported subprotocols, in order
+                of decreasing preference.
+            extra_headers: arbitrary HTTP headers to add to the request.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidHandshake: if the handshake fails.
+
+        """
+        request_headers = Headers()
+
+        request_headers["Host"] = build_host(wsuri.host, wsuri.port, wsuri.secure)
+
+        if wsuri.user_info:
+            request_headers["Authorization"] = build_authorization_basic(
+                *wsuri.user_info
+            )
+
+        if origin is not None:
+            request_headers["Origin"] = origin
+
+        key = build_request(request_headers)
+
+        if available_extensions is not None:
+            extensions_header = build_extension(
+                [
+                    (extension_factory.name, extension_factory.get_request_params())
+                    for extension_factory in available_extensions
+                ]
+            )
+            request_headers["Sec-WebSocket-Extensions"] = extensions_header
+
+        if available_subprotocols is not None:
+            protocol_header = build_subprotocol(available_subprotocols)
+            request_headers["Sec-WebSocket-Protocol"] = protocol_header
+
+        if self.extra_headers is not None:
+            request_headers.update(self.extra_headers)
+
+        request_headers.setdefault("User-Agent", USER_AGENT)
+
+        self.write_http_request(wsuri.resource_name, request_headers)
+
+        status_code, response_headers = await self.read_http_response()
+        if status_code in (301, 302, 303, 307, 308):
+            if "Location" not in response_headers:
+                raise InvalidHeader("Location")
+            raise RedirectHandshake(response_headers["Location"])
+        elif status_code != 101:
+            raise InvalidStatusCode(status_code, response_headers)
+
+        check_response(response_headers, key)
+
+        self.extensions = self.process_extensions(
+            response_headers, available_extensions
+        )
+
+        self.subprotocol = self.process_subprotocol(
+            response_headers, available_subprotocols
+        )
+
+        self.connection_open()
+
+
+class Connect:
+    """
+    Connect to the WebSocket server at ``uri``.
+
+    Awaiting :func:`connect` yields a :class:`WebSocketClientProtocol` which
+    can then be used to send and receive messages.
+
+    :func:`connect` can be used as a asynchronous context manager::
+
+        async with websockets.connect(...) as websocket:
+            ...
+
+    The connection is closed automatically when exiting the context.
+
+    :func:`connect` can be used as an infinite asynchronous iterator to
+    reconnect automatically on errors::
+
+        async for websocket in websockets.connect(...):
+            try:
+                ...
+            except websockets.ConnectionClosed:
+                continue
+
+    The connection is closed automatically after each iteration of the loop.
+
+    If an error occurs while establishing the connection, :func:`connect`
+    retries with exponential backoff. The backoff delay starts at three
+    seconds and increases up to one minute.
+
+    If an error occurs in the body of the loop, you can handle the exception
+    and :func:`connect` will reconnect with the next iteration; or you can
+    let the exception bubble up and break out of the loop. This lets you
+    decide which errors trigger a reconnection and which errors are fatal.
+
+    Args:
+        uri: URI of the WebSocket server.
+        create_protocol: factory for the :class:`asyncio.Protocol` managing
+            the connection; defaults to :class:`WebSocketClientProtocol`; may
+            be set to a wrapper or a subclass to customize connection handling.
+        logger: logger for this connection;
+            defaults to ``logging.getLogger("websockets.client")``;
+            see the :doc:`logging guide <../topics/logging>` for details.
+        compression: shortcut that enables the "permessage-deflate" extension
+            by default; may be set to :obj:`None` to disable compression;
+            see the :doc:`compression guide <../topics/compression>` for details.
+        origin: value of the ``Origin`` header. This is useful when connecting
+            to a server that validates the ``Origin`` header to defend against
+            Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking attacks.
+        extensions: list of supported extensions, in order in which they
+            should be tried.
+        subprotocols: list of supported subprotocols, in order of decreasing
+            preference.
+        extra_headers: arbitrary HTTP headers to add to the request.
+        open_timeout: timeout for opening the connection in seconds;
+            :obj:`None` to disable the timeout
+
+    See :class:`~websockets.legacy.protocol.WebSocketCommonProtocol` for the
+    documentation of ``ping_interval``, ``ping_timeout``, ``close_timeout``,
+    ``max_size``, ``max_queue``, ``read_limit``, and ``write_limit``.
+
+    Any other keyword arguments are passed the event loop's
+    :meth:`~asyncio.loop.create_connection` method.
+
+    For example:
+
+    * You can set ``ssl`` to a :class:`~ssl.SSLContext` to enforce TLS
+      settings. When connecting to a ``wss://`` URI, if ``ssl`` isn't
+      provided, a TLS context is created
+      with :func:`~ssl.create_default_context`.
+
+    * You can set ``host`` and ``port`` to connect to a different host and
+      port from those found in ``uri``. This only changes the destination of
+      the TCP connection. The host name from ``uri`` is still used in the TLS
+      handshake for secure connections and in the ``Host`` header.
+
+    Returns:
+        WebSocketClientProtocol: WebSocket connection.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidURI: if ``uri`` isn't a valid WebSocket URI.
+        InvalidHandshake: if the opening handshake fails.
+        ~asyncio.TimeoutError: if the opening handshake times out.
+
+    """
+
+    MAX_REDIRECTS_ALLOWED = 10
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        uri: str,
+        *,
+        create_protocol: Optional[Callable[[Any], WebSocketClientProtocol]] = None,
+        logger: Optional[LoggerLike] = None,
+        compression: Optional[str] = "deflate",
+        origin: Optional[Origin] = None,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[ClientExtensionFactory]] = None,
+        subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]] = None,
+        extra_headers: Optional[HeadersLike] = None,
+        open_timeout: Optional[float] = 10,
+        ping_interval: Optional[float] = 20,
+        ping_timeout: Optional[float] = 20,
+        close_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = 2**20,
+        max_queue: Optional[int] = 2**5,
+        read_limit: int = 2**16,
+        write_limit: int = 2**16,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        # Backwards compatibility: close_timeout used to be called timeout.
+        timeout: Optional[float] = kwargs.pop("timeout", None)
+        if timeout is None:
+            timeout = 10
+        else:
+            warnings.warn("rename timeout to close_timeout", DeprecationWarning)
+        # If both are specified, timeout is ignored.
+        if close_timeout is None:
+            close_timeout = timeout
+
+        # Backwards compatibility: create_protocol used to be called klass.
+        klass: Optional[Type[WebSocketClientProtocol]] = kwargs.pop("klass", None)
+        if klass is None:
+            klass = WebSocketClientProtocol
+        else:
+            warnings.warn("rename klass to create_protocol", DeprecationWarning)
+        # If both are specified, klass is ignored.
+        if create_protocol is None:
+            create_protocol = klass
+
+        # Backwards compatibility: recv() used to return None on closed connections
+        legacy_recv: bool = kwargs.pop("legacy_recv", False)
+
+        # Backwards compatibility: the loop parameter used to be supported.
+        _loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = kwargs.pop("loop", None)
+        if _loop is None:
+            loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+        else:
+            loop = _loop
+            warnings.warn("remove loop argument", DeprecationWarning)
+
+        wsuri = parse_uri(uri)
+        if wsuri.secure:
+            kwargs.setdefault("ssl", True)
+        elif kwargs.get("ssl") is not None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "connect() received a ssl argument for a ws:// URI, "
+                "use a wss:// URI to enable TLS"
+            )
+
+        if compression == "deflate":
+            extensions = enable_client_permessage_deflate(extensions)
+        elif compression is not None:
+            raise ValueError(f"unsupported compression: {compression}")
+
+        if subprotocols is not None:
+            validate_subprotocols(subprotocols)
+
+        factory = functools.partial(
+            create_protocol,
+            logger=logger,
+            origin=origin,
+            extensions=extensions,
+            subprotocols=subprotocols,
+            extra_headers=extra_headers,
+            ping_interval=ping_interval,
+            ping_timeout=ping_timeout,
+            close_timeout=close_timeout,
+            max_size=max_size,
+            max_queue=max_queue,
+            read_limit=read_limit,
+            write_limit=write_limit,
+            host=wsuri.host,
+            port=wsuri.port,
+            secure=wsuri.secure,
+            legacy_recv=legacy_recv,
+            loop=_loop,
+        )
+
+        if kwargs.pop("unix", False):
+            path: Optional[str] = kwargs.pop("path", None)
+            create_connection = functools.partial(
+                loop.create_unix_connection, factory, path, **kwargs
+            )
+        else:
+            host: Optional[str]
+            port: Optional[int]
+            if kwargs.get("sock") is None:
+                host, port = wsuri.host, wsuri.port
+            else:
+                # If sock is given, host and port shouldn't be specified.
+                host, port = None, None
+            # If host and port are given, override values from the URI.
+            host = kwargs.pop("host", host)
+            port = kwargs.pop("port", port)
+            create_connection = functools.partial(
+                loop.create_connection, factory, host, port, **kwargs
+            )
+
+        self.open_timeout = open_timeout
+        if logger is None:
+            logger = logging.getLogger("websockets.client")
+        self.logger = logger
+
+        # This is a coroutine function.
+        self._create_connection = create_connection
+        self._uri = uri
+        self._wsuri = wsuri
+
+    def handle_redirect(self, uri: str) -> None:
+        # Update the state of this instance to connect to a new URI.
+        old_uri = self._uri
+        old_wsuri = self._wsuri
+        new_uri = urllib.parse.urljoin(old_uri, uri)
+        new_wsuri = parse_uri(new_uri)
+
+        # Forbid TLS downgrade.
+        if old_wsuri.secure and not new_wsuri.secure:
+            raise SecurityError("redirect from WSS to WS")
+
+        same_origin = (
+            old_wsuri.host == new_wsuri.host and old_wsuri.port == new_wsuri.port
+        )
+
+        # Rewrite the host and port arguments for cross-origin redirects.
+        # This preserves connection overrides with the host and port
+        # arguments if the redirect points to the same host and port.
+        if not same_origin:
+            # Replace the host and port argument passed to the protocol factory.
+            factory = self._create_connection.args[0]
+            factory = functools.partial(
+                factory.func,
+                *factory.args,
+                **dict(factory.keywords, host=new_wsuri.host, port=new_wsuri.port),
+            )
+            # Replace the host and port argument passed to create_connection.
+            self._create_connection = functools.partial(
+                self._create_connection.func,
+                *(factory, new_wsuri.host, new_wsuri.port),
+                **self._create_connection.keywords,
+            )
+
+        # Set the new WebSocket URI. This suffices for same-origin redirects.
+        self._uri = new_uri
+        self._wsuri = new_wsuri
+
+    # async for ... in connect(...):
+
+    BACKOFF_MIN = 1.92
+    BACKOFF_MAX = 60.0
+    BACKOFF_FACTOR = 1.618
+    BACKOFF_INITIAL = 5
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[WebSocketClientProtocol]:
+        backoff_delay = self.BACKOFF_MIN
+        while True:
+            try:
+                async with self as protocol:
+                    yield protocol
+            # Remove this branch when dropping support for Python < 3.8
+            # because CancelledError no longer inherits Exception.
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:  # pragma: no cover
+                raise
+            except Exception:
+                # Add a random initial delay between 0 and 5 seconds.
+                # See 7.2.3. Recovering from Abnormal Closure in RFC 6544.
+                if backoff_delay == self.BACKOFF_MIN:
+                    initial_delay = random.random() * self.BACKOFF_INITIAL
+                    self.logger.info(
+                        "! connect failed; reconnecting in %.1f seconds",
+                        initial_delay,
+                        exc_info=True,
+                    )
+                    await asyncio.sleep(initial_delay)
+                else:
+                    self.logger.info(
+                        "! connect failed again; retrying in %d seconds",
+                        int(backoff_delay),
+                        exc_info=True,
+                    )
+                    await asyncio.sleep(int(backoff_delay))
+                # Increase delay with truncated exponential backoff.
+                backoff_delay = backoff_delay * self.BACKOFF_FACTOR
+                backoff_delay = min(backoff_delay, self.BACKOFF_MAX)
+                continue
+            else:
+                # Connection succeeded - reset backoff delay
+                backoff_delay = self.BACKOFF_MIN
+
+    # async with connect(...) as ...:
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> WebSocketClientProtocol:
+        return await self
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_value: Optional[BaseException],
+        traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        await self.protocol.close()
+
+    # ... = await connect(...)
+
+    def __await__(self) -> Generator[Any, None, WebSocketClientProtocol]:
+        # Create a suitable iterator by calling __await__ on a coroutine.
+        return self.__await_impl_timeout__().__await__()
+
+    async def __await_impl_timeout__(self) -> WebSocketClientProtocol:
+        return await asyncio.wait_for(self.__await_impl__(), self.open_timeout)
+
+    async def __await_impl__(self) -> WebSocketClientProtocol:
+        for redirects in range(self.MAX_REDIRECTS_ALLOWED):
+            transport, protocol = await self._create_connection()
+            protocol = cast(WebSocketClientProtocol, protocol)
+
+            try:
+                await protocol.handshake(
+                    self._wsuri,
+                    origin=protocol.origin,
+                    available_extensions=protocol.available_extensions,
+                    available_subprotocols=protocol.available_subprotocols,
+                    extra_headers=protocol.extra_headers,
+                )
+            except RedirectHandshake as exc:
+                protocol.fail_connection()
+                await protocol.wait_closed()
+                self.handle_redirect(exc.uri)
+            # Avoid leaking a connected socket when the handshake fails.
+            except (Exception, asyncio.CancelledError):
+                protocol.fail_connection()
+                await protocol.wait_closed()
+                raise
+            else:
+                self.protocol = protocol
+                return protocol
+        else:
+            raise SecurityError("too many redirects")
+
+    # ... = yield from connect(...) - remove when dropping Python < 3.10
+
+    __iter__ = __await__
+
+
+connect = Connect
+
+
+def unix_connect(
+    path: Optional[str] = None,
+    uri: str = "ws://localhost/",
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> Connect:
+    """
+    Similar to :func:`connect`, but for connecting to a Unix socket.
+
+    This function builds upon the event loop's
+    :meth:`~asyncio.loop.create_unix_connection` method.
+
+    It is only available on Unix.
+
+    It's mainly useful for debugging servers listening on Unix sockets.
+
+    Args:
+        path: file system path to the Unix socket.
+        uri: URI of the WebSocket server; the host is used in the TLS
+            handshake for secure connections and in the ``Host`` header.
+
+    """
+    return connect(uri=uri, path=path, unix=True, **kwargs)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/compatibility.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/compatibility.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df81de9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/compatibility.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import sys
+from typing import Any, Dict
+
+
+def loop_if_py_lt_38(loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    Helper for the removal of the loop argument in Python 3.10.
+
+    """
+    return {"loop": loop} if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 8) else {}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/framing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/framing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4de7eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/framing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+import struct
+from typing import Any, Awaitable, Callable, NamedTuple, Optional, Sequence, Tuple
+
+from .. import extensions, frames
+from ..exceptions import PayloadTooBig, ProtocolError
+
+
+try:
+    from ..speedups import apply_mask
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    from ..utils import apply_mask
+
+
+class Frame(NamedTuple):
+
+    fin: bool
+    opcode: frames.Opcode
+    data: bytes
+    rsv1: bool = False
+    rsv2: bool = False
+    rsv3: bool = False
+
+    @property
+    def new_frame(self) -> frames.Frame:
+        return frames.Frame(
+            self.opcode,
+            self.data,
+            self.fin,
+            self.rsv1,
+            self.rsv2,
+            self.rsv3,
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.new_frame)
+
+    def check(self) -> None:
+        return self.new_frame.check()
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def read(
+        cls,
+        reader: Callable[[int], Awaitable[bytes]],
+        *,
+        mask: bool,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[extensions.Extension]] = None,
+    ) -> Frame:
+        """
+        Read a WebSocket frame.
+
+        Args:
+            reader: coroutine that reads exactly the requested number of
+                bytes, unless the end of file is reached.
+            mask: whether the frame should be masked i.e. whether the read
+                happens on the server side.
+            max_size: maximum payload size in bytes.
+            extensions: list of extensions, applied in reverse order.
+
+        Raises:
+            PayloadTooBig: if the frame exceeds ``max_size``.
+            ProtocolError: if the frame contains incorrect values.
+
+        """
+
+        # Read the header.
+        data = await reader(2)
+        head1, head2 = struct.unpack("!BB", data)
+
+        # While not Pythonic, this is marginally faster than calling bool().
+        fin = True if head1 & 0b10000000 else False
+        rsv1 = True if head1 & 0b01000000 else False
+        rsv2 = True if head1 & 0b00100000 else False
+        rsv3 = True if head1 & 0b00010000 else False
+
+        try:
+            opcode = frames.Opcode(head1 & 0b00001111)
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            raise ProtocolError("invalid opcode") from exc
+
+        if (True if head2 & 0b10000000 else False) != mask:
+            raise ProtocolError("incorrect masking")
+
+        length = head2 & 0b01111111
+        if length == 126:
+            data = await reader(2)
+            (length,) = struct.unpack("!H", data)
+        elif length == 127:
+            data = await reader(8)
+            (length,) = struct.unpack("!Q", data)
+        if max_size is not None and length > max_size:
+            raise PayloadTooBig(f"over size limit ({length} > {max_size} bytes)")
+        if mask:
+            mask_bits = await reader(4)
+
+        # Read the data.
+        data = await reader(length)
+        if mask:
+            data = apply_mask(data, mask_bits)
+
+        new_frame = frames.Frame(opcode, data, fin, rsv1, rsv2, rsv3)
+
+        if extensions is None:
+            extensions = []
+        for extension in reversed(extensions):
+            new_frame = extension.decode(new_frame, max_size=max_size)
+
+        new_frame.check()
+
+        return cls(
+            new_frame.fin,
+            new_frame.opcode,
+            new_frame.data,
+            new_frame.rsv1,
+            new_frame.rsv2,
+            new_frame.rsv3,
+        )
+
+    def write(
+        self,
+        write: Callable[[bytes], Any],
+        *,
+        mask: bool,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[extensions.Extension]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Write a WebSocket frame.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: frame to write.
+            write: function that writes bytes.
+            mask: whether the frame should be masked i.e. whether the write
+                happens on the client side.
+            extensions: list of extensions, applied in order.
+
+        Raises:
+            ProtocolError: if the frame contains incorrect values.
+
+        """
+        # The frame is written in a single call to write in order to prevent
+        # TCP fragmentation. See #68 for details. This also makes it safe to
+        # send frames concurrently from multiple coroutines.
+        write(self.new_frame.serialize(mask=mask, extensions=extensions))
+
+
+# Backwards compatibility with previously documented public APIs
+
+from ..frames import Close, prepare_ctrl as encode_data, prepare_data  # noqa
+
+
+def parse_close(data: bytes) -> Tuple[int, str]:
+    """
+    Parse the payload from a close frame.
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple[int, str]: close code and reason.
+
+    Raises:
+        ProtocolError: if data is ill-formed.
+        UnicodeDecodeError: if the reason isn't valid UTF-8.
+
+    """
+    return dataclasses.astuple(Close.parse(data))  # type: ignore
+
+
+def serialize_close(code: int, reason: str) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Serialize the payload for a close frame.
+
+    """
+    return Close(code, reason).serialize()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/handshake.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/handshake.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..569937b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/handshake.py
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import binascii
+from typing import List
+
+from ..datastructures import Headers, MultipleValuesError
+from ..exceptions import InvalidHeader, InvalidHeaderValue, InvalidUpgrade
+from ..headers import parse_connection, parse_upgrade
+from ..typing import ConnectionOption, UpgradeProtocol
+from ..utils import accept_key as accept, generate_key
+
+
+__all__ = ["build_request", "check_request", "build_response", "check_response"]
+
+
+def build_request(headers: Headers) -> str:
+    """
+    Build a handshake request to send to the server.
+
+    Update request headers passed in argument.
+
+    Args:
+        headers: handshake request headers.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: ``key`` that must be passed to :func:`check_response`.
+
+    """
+    key = generate_key()
+    headers["Upgrade"] = "websocket"
+    headers["Connection"] = "Upgrade"
+    headers["Sec-WebSocket-Key"] = key
+    headers["Sec-WebSocket-Version"] = "13"
+    return key
+
+
+def check_request(headers: Headers) -> str:
+    """
+    Check a handshake request received from the client.
+
+    This function doesn't verify that the request is an HTTP/1.1 or higher GET
+    request and doesn't perform ``Host`` and ``Origin`` checks. These controls
+    are usually performed earlier in the HTTP request handling code. They're
+    the responsibility of the caller.
+
+    Args:
+        headers: handshake request headers.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: ``key`` that must be passed to :func:`build_response`.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHandshake: if the handshake request is invalid;
+            then the server must return 400 Bad Request error.
+
+    """
+    connection: List[ConnectionOption] = sum(
+        [parse_connection(value) for value in headers.get_all("Connection")], []
+    )
+
+    if not any(value.lower() == "upgrade" for value in connection):
+        raise InvalidUpgrade("Connection", ", ".join(connection))
+
+    upgrade: List[UpgradeProtocol] = sum(
+        [parse_upgrade(value) for value in headers.get_all("Upgrade")], []
+    )
+
+    # For compatibility with non-strict implementations, ignore case when
+    # checking the Upgrade header. The RFC always uses "websocket", except
+    # in section 11.2. (IANA registration) where it uses "WebSocket".
+    if not (len(upgrade) == 1 and upgrade[0].lower() == "websocket"):
+        raise InvalidUpgrade("Upgrade", ", ".join(upgrade))
+
+    try:
+        s_w_key = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Key"]
+    except KeyError as exc:
+        raise InvalidHeader("Sec-WebSocket-Key") from exc
+    except MultipleValuesError as exc:
+        raise InvalidHeader(
+            "Sec-WebSocket-Key", "more than one Sec-WebSocket-Key header found"
+        ) from exc
+
+    try:
+        raw_key = base64.b64decode(s_w_key.encode(), validate=True)
+    except binascii.Error as exc:
+        raise InvalidHeaderValue("Sec-WebSocket-Key", s_w_key) from exc
+    if len(raw_key) != 16:
+        raise InvalidHeaderValue("Sec-WebSocket-Key", s_w_key)
+
+    try:
+        s_w_version = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Version"]
+    except KeyError as exc:
+        raise InvalidHeader("Sec-WebSocket-Version") from exc
+    except MultipleValuesError as exc:
+        raise InvalidHeader(
+            "Sec-WebSocket-Version", "more than one Sec-WebSocket-Version header found"
+        ) from exc
+
+    if s_w_version != "13":
+        raise InvalidHeaderValue("Sec-WebSocket-Version", s_w_version)
+
+    return s_w_key
+
+
+def build_response(headers: Headers, key: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Build a handshake response to send to the client.
+
+    Update response headers passed in argument.
+
+    Args:
+        headers: handshake response headers.
+        key: returned by :func:`check_request`.
+
+    """
+    headers["Upgrade"] = "websocket"
+    headers["Connection"] = "Upgrade"
+    headers["Sec-WebSocket-Accept"] = accept(key)
+
+
+def check_response(headers: Headers, key: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Check a handshake response received from the server.
+
+    This function doesn't verify that the response is an HTTP/1.1 or higher
+    response with a 101 status code. These controls are the responsibility of
+    the caller.
+
+    Args:
+        headers: handshake response headers.
+        key: returned by :func:`build_request`.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidHandshake: if the handshake response is invalid.
+
+    """
+    connection: List[ConnectionOption] = sum(
+        [parse_connection(value) for value in headers.get_all("Connection")], []
+    )
+
+    if not any(value.lower() == "upgrade" for value in connection):
+        raise InvalidUpgrade("Connection", " ".join(connection))
+
+    upgrade: List[UpgradeProtocol] = sum(
+        [parse_upgrade(value) for value in headers.get_all("Upgrade")], []
+    )
+
+    # For compatibility with non-strict implementations, ignore case when
+    # checking the Upgrade header. The RFC always uses "websocket", except
+    # in section 11.2. (IANA registration) where it uses "WebSocket".
+    if not (len(upgrade) == 1 and upgrade[0].lower() == "websocket"):
+        raise InvalidUpgrade("Upgrade", ", ".join(upgrade))
+
+    try:
+        s_w_accept = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Accept"]
+    except KeyError as exc:
+        raise InvalidHeader("Sec-WebSocket-Accept") from exc
+    except MultipleValuesError as exc:
+        raise InvalidHeader(
+            "Sec-WebSocket-Accept", "more than one Sec-WebSocket-Accept header found"
+        ) from exc
+
+    if s_w_accept != accept(key):
+        raise InvalidHeaderValue("Sec-WebSocket-Accept", s_w_accept)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/http.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/http.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc2ef1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/http.py
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import re
+from typing import Tuple
+
+from ..datastructures import Headers
+from ..exceptions import SecurityError
+
+
+__all__ = ["read_request", "read_response"]
+
+MAX_HEADERS = 256
+MAX_LINE = 4110
+
+
+def d(value: bytes) -> str:
+    """
+    Decode a bytestring for interpolating into an error message.
+
+    """
+    return value.decode(errors="backslashreplace")
+
+
+# See https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#appendix-B.
+
+# Regex for validating header names.
+
+_token_re = re.compile(rb"[-!#$%&\'*+.^_`|~0-9a-zA-Z]+")
+
+# Regex for validating header values.
+
+# We don't attempt to support obsolete line folding.
+
+# Include HTAB (\x09), SP (\x20), VCHAR (\x21-\x7e), obs-text (\x80-\xff).
+
+# The ABNF is complicated because it attempts to express that optional
+# whitespace is ignored. We strip whitespace and don't revalidate that.
+
+# See also https://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?rfc=7230&eid=4189
+
+_value_re = re.compile(rb"[\x09\x20-\x7e\x80-\xff]*")
+
+
+async def read_request(stream: asyncio.StreamReader) -> Tuple[str, Headers]:
+    """
+    Read an HTTP/1.1 GET request and return ``(path, headers)``.
+
+    ``path`` isn't URL-decoded or validated in any way.
+
+    ``path`` and ``headers`` are expected to contain only ASCII characters.
+    Other characters are represented with surrogate escapes.
+
+    :func:`read_request` doesn't attempt to read the request body because
+    WebSocket handshake requests don't have one. If the request contains a
+    body, it may be read from ``stream`` after this coroutine returns.
+
+    Args:
+        stream: input to read the request from
+
+    Raises:
+        EOFError: if the connection is closed without a full HTTP request
+        SecurityError: if the request exceeds a security limit
+        ValueError: if the request isn't well formatted
+
+    """
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.1.1
+
+    # Parsing is simple because fixed values are expected for method and
+    # version and because path isn't checked. Since WebSocket software tends
+    # to implement HTTP/1.1 strictly, there's little need for lenient parsing.
+
+    try:
+        request_line = await read_line(stream)
+    except EOFError as exc:
+        raise EOFError("connection closed while reading HTTP request line") from exc
+
+    try:
+        method, raw_path, version = request_line.split(b" ", 2)
+    except ValueError:  # not enough values to unpack (expected 3, got 1-2)
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP request line: {d(request_line)}") from None
+
+    if method != b"GET":
+        raise ValueError(f"unsupported HTTP method: {d(method)}")
+    if version != b"HTTP/1.1":
+        raise ValueError(f"unsupported HTTP version: {d(version)}")
+    path = raw_path.decode("ascii", "surrogateescape")
+
+    headers = await read_headers(stream)
+
+    return path, headers
+
+
+async def read_response(stream: asyncio.StreamReader) -> Tuple[int, str, Headers]:
+    """
+    Read an HTTP/1.1 response and return ``(status_code, reason, headers)``.
+
+    ``reason`` and ``headers`` are expected to contain only ASCII characters.
+    Other characters are represented with surrogate escapes.
+
+    :func:`read_request` doesn't attempt to read the response body because
+    WebSocket handshake responses don't have one. If the response contains a
+    body, it may be read from ``stream`` after this coroutine returns.
+
+    Args:
+        stream: input to read the response from
+
+    Raises:
+        EOFError: if the connection is closed without a full HTTP response
+        SecurityError: if the response exceeds a security limit
+        ValueError: if the response isn't well formatted
+
+    """
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.1.2
+
+    # As in read_request, parsing is simple because a fixed value is expected
+    # for version, status_code is a 3-digit number, and reason can be ignored.
+
+    try:
+        status_line = await read_line(stream)
+    except EOFError as exc:
+        raise EOFError("connection closed while reading HTTP status line") from exc
+
+    try:
+        version, raw_status_code, raw_reason = status_line.split(b" ", 2)
+    except ValueError:  # not enough values to unpack (expected 3, got 1-2)
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP status line: {d(status_line)}") from None
+
+    if version != b"HTTP/1.1":
+        raise ValueError(f"unsupported HTTP version: {d(version)}")
+    try:
+        status_code = int(raw_status_code)
+    except ValueError:  # invalid literal for int() with base 10
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP status code: {d(raw_status_code)}") from None
+    if not 100 <= status_code < 1000:
+        raise ValueError(f"unsupported HTTP status code: {d(raw_status_code)}")
+    if not _value_re.fullmatch(raw_reason):
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP reason phrase: {d(raw_reason)}")
+    reason = raw_reason.decode()
+
+    headers = await read_headers(stream)
+
+    return status_code, reason, headers
+
+
+async def read_headers(stream: asyncio.StreamReader) -> Headers:
+    """
+    Read HTTP headers from ``stream``.
+
+    Non-ASCII characters are represented with surrogate escapes.
+
+    """
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.2
+
+    # We don't attempt to support obsolete line folding.
+
+    headers = Headers()
+    for _ in range(MAX_HEADERS + 1):
+        try:
+            line = await read_line(stream)
+        except EOFError as exc:
+            raise EOFError("connection closed while reading HTTP headers") from exc
+        if line == b"":
+            break
+
+        try:
+            raw_name, raw_value = line.split(b":", 1)
+        except ValueError:  # not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP header line: {d(line)}") from None
+        if not _token_re.fullmatch(raw_name):
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP header name: {d(raw_name)}")
+        raw_value = raw_value.strip(b" \t")
+        if not _value_re.fullmatch(raw_value):
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid HTTP header value: {d(raw_value)}")
+
+        name = raw_name.decode("ascii")  # guaranteed to be ASCII at this point
+        value = raw_value.decode("ascii", "surrogateescape")
+        headers[name] = value
+
+    else:
+        raise SecurityError("too many HTTP headers")
+
+    return headers
+
+
+async def read_line(stream: asyncio.StreamReader) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Read a single line from ``stream``.
+
+    CRLF is stripped from the return value.
+
+    """
+    # Security: this is bounded by the StreamReader's limit (default = 32 KiB).
+    line = await stream.readline()
+    # Security: this guarantees header values are small (hard-coded = 4 KiB)
+    if len(line) > MAX_LINE:
+        raise SecurityError("line too long")
+    # Not mandatory but safe - https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230.html#section-3.5
+    if not line.endswith(b"\r\n"):
+        raise EOFError("line without CRLF")
+    return line[:-2]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/protocol.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/protocol.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49c81da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/protocol.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1602 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import codecs
+import collections
+import logging
+import random
+import struct
+import uuid
+import warnings
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    AsyncIterable,
+    AsyncIterator,
+    Awaitable,
+    Deque,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from ..connection import State
+from ..datastructures import Headers
+from ..exceptions import (
+    ConnectionClosed,
+    ConnectionClosedError,
+    ConnectionClosedOK,
+    InvalidState,
+    PayloadTooBig,
+    ProtocolError,
+)
+from ..extensions import Extension
+from ..frames import (
+    OK_CLOSE_CODES,
+    OP_BINARY,
+    OP_CLOSE,
+    OP_CONT,
+    OP_PING,
+    OP_PONG,
+    OP_TEXT,
+    Close,
+    Opcode,
+    prepare_ctrl,
+    prepare_data,
+)
+from ..typing import Data, LoggerLike, Subprotocol
+from .compatibility import loop_if_py_lt_38
+from .framing import Frame
+
+
+__all__ = ["WebSocketCommonProtocol", "broadcast"]
+
+
+# In order to ensure consistency, the code always checks the current value of
+# WebSocketCommonProtocol.state before assigning a new value and never yields
+# between the check and the assignment.
+
+
+class WebSocketCommonProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
+    """
+    WebSocket connection.
+
+    :class:`WebSocketCommonProtocol` provides APIs shared between WebSocket
+    servers and clients. You shouldn't use it directly. Instead, use
+    :class:`~websockets.client.WebSocketClientProtocol` or
+    :class:`~websockets.server.WebSocketServerProtocol`.
+
+    This documentation focuses on low-level details that aren't covered in the
+    documentation of :class:`~websockets.client.WebSocketClientProtocol` and
+    :class:`~websockets.server.WebSocketServerProtocol` for the sake of
+    simplicity.
+
+    Once the connection is open, a Ping_ frame is sent every ``ping_interval``
+    seconds. This serves as a keepalive. It helps keeping the connection
+    open, especially in the presence of proxies with short timeouts on
+    inactive connections. Set ``ping_interval`` to :obj:`None` to disable
+    this behavior.
+
+    .. _Ping: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.5.2
+
+    If the corresponding Pong_ frame isn't received within ``ping_timeout``
+    seconds, the connection is considered unusable and is closed with code
+    1011. This ensures that the remote endpoint remains responsive. Set
+    ``ping_timeout`` to :obj:`None` to disable this behavior.
+
+    .. _Pong: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.5.3
+
+    The ``close_timeout`` parameter defines a maximum wait time for completing
+    the closing handshake and terminating the TCP connection. For legacy
+    reasons, :meth:`close` completes in at most ``5 * close_timeout`` seconds
+    for clients and ``4 * close_timeout`` for servers.
+
+    See the discussion of :doc:`timeouts <../topics/timeouts>` for details.
+
+    ``close_timeout`` needs to be a parameter of the protocol because
+    websockets usually calls :meth:`close` implicitly upon exit:
+
+    * on the client side, when :func:`~websockets.client.connect` is used as a
+      context manager;
+    * on the server side, when the connection handler terminates;
+
+    To apply a timeout to any other API, wrap it in :func:`~asyncio.wait_for`.
+
+    The ``max_size`` parameter enforces the maximum size for incoming messages
+    in bytes. The default value is 1 MiB. If a larger message is received,
+    :meth:`recv` will raise :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedError`
+    and the connection will be closed with code 1009.
+
+    The ``max_queue`` parameter sets the maximum length of the queue that
+    holds incoming messages. The default value is ``32``. Messages are added
+    to an in-memory queue when they're received; then :meth:`recv` pops from
+    that queue. In order to prevent excessive memory consumption when
+    messages are received faster than they can be processed, the queue must
+    be bounded. If the queue fills up, the protocol stops processing incoming
+    data until :meth:`recv` is called. In this situation, various receive
+    buffers (at least in :mod:`asyncio` and in the OS) will fill up, then the
+    TCP receive window will shrink, slowing down transmission to avoid packet
+    loss.
+
+    Since Python can use up to 4 bytes of memory to represent a single
+    character, each connection may use up to ``4 * max_size * max_queue``
+    bytes of memory to store incoming messages. By default, this is 128 MiB.
+    You may want to lower the limits, depending on your application's
+    requirements.
+
+    The ``read_limit`` argument sets the high-water limit of the buffer for
+    incoming bytes. The low-water limit is half the high-water limit. The
+    default value is 64 KiB, half of asyncio's default (based on the current
+    implementation of :class:`~asyncio.StreamReader`).
+
+    The ``write_limit`` argument sets the high-water limit of the buffer for
+    outgoing bytes. The low-water limit is a quarter of the high-water limit.
+    The default value is 64 KiB, equal to asyncio's default (based on the
+    current implementation of ``FlowControlMixin``).
+
+    See the discussion of :doc:`memory usage <../topics/memory>` for details.
+
+    Args:
+        logger: logger for this connection;
+            defaults to ``logging.getLogger("websockets.protocol")``;
+            see the :doc:`logging guide <../topics/logging>` for details.
+        ping_interval: delay between keepalive pings in seconds;
+            :obj:`None` to disable keepalive pings.
+        ping_timeout: timeout for keepalive pings in seconds;
+            :obj:`None` to disable timeouts.
+        close_timeout: timeout for closing the connection in seconds;
+            for legacy reasons, the actual timeout is 4 or 5 times larger.
+        max_size: maximum size of incoming messages in bytes;
+            :obj:`None` to disable the limit.
+        max_queue: maximum number of incoming messages in receive buffer;
+            :obj:`None` to disable the limit.
+        read_limit: high-water mark of read buffer in bytes.
+        write_limit: high-water mark of write buffer in bytes.
+
+    """
+
+    # There are only two differences between the client-side and server-side
+    # behavior: masking the payload and closing the underlying TCP connection.
+    # Set is_client = True/False and side = "client"/"server" to pick a side.
+    is_client: bool
+    side: str = "undefined"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        logger: Optional[LoggerLike] = None,
+        ping_interval: Optional[float] = 20,
+        ping_timeout: Optional[float] = 20,
+        close_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = 2**20,
+        max_queue: Optional[int] = 2**5,
+        read_limit: int = 2**16,
+        write_limit: int = 2**16,
+        # The following arguments are kept only for backwards compatibility.
+        host: Optional[str] = None,
+        port: Optional[int] = None,
+        secure: Optional[bool] = None,
+        legacy_recv: bool = False,
+        loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = None,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if legacy_recv:  # pragma: no cover
+            warnings.warn("legacy_recv is deprecated", DeprecationWarning)
+
+        # Backwards compatibility: close_timeout used to be called timeout.
+        if timeout is None:
+            timeout = 10
+        else:
+            warnings.warn("rename timeout to close_timeout", DeprecationWarning)
+        # If both are specified, timeout is ignored.
+        if close_timeout is None:
+            close_timeout = timeout
+
+        # Backwards compatibility: the loop parameter used to be supported.
+        if loop is None:
+            loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+        else:
+            warnings.warn("remove loop argument", DeprecationWarning)
+
+        self.ping_interval = ping_interval
+        self.ping_timeout = ping_timeout
+        self.close_timeout = close_timeout
+        self.max_size = max_size
+        self.max_queue = max_queue
+        self.read_limit = read_limit
+        self.write_limit = write_limit
+
+        # Unique identifier. For logs.
+        self.id: uuid.UUID = uuid.uuid4()
+        """Unique identifier of the connection. Useful in logs."""
+
+        # Logger or LoggerAdapter for this connection.
+        if logger is None:
+            logger = logging.getLogger("websockets.protocol")
+        # https://github.com/python/typeshed/issues/5561
+        logger = cast(logging.Logger, logger)
+        self.logger: LoggerLike = logging.LoggerAdapter(logger, {"websocket": self})
+        """Logger for this connection."""
+
+        # Track if DEBUG is enabled. Shortcut logging calls if it isn't.
+        self.debug = logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG)
+
+        self.loop = loop
+
+        self._host = host
+        self._port = port
+        self._secure = secure
+        self.legacy_recv = legacy_recv
+
+        # Configure read buffer limits. The high-water limit is defined by
+        # ``self.read_limit``. The ``limit`` argument controls the line length
+        # limit and half the buffer limit of :class:`~asyncio.StreamReader`.
+        # That's why it must be set to half of ``self.read_limit``.
+        self.reader = asyncio.StreamReader(limit=read_limit // 2, loop=loop)
+
+        # Copied from asyncio.FlowControlMixin
+        self._paused = False
+        self._drain_waiter: Optional[asyncio.Future[None]] = None
+
+        self._drain_lock = asyncio.Lock(**loop_if_py_lt_38(loop))
+
+        # This class implements the data transfer and closing handshake, which
+        # are shared between the client-side and the server-side.
+        # Subclasses implement the opening handshake and, on success, execute
+        # :meth:`connection_open` to change the state to OPEN.
+        self.state = State.CONNECTING
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("= connection is CONNECTING")
+
+        # HTTP protocol parameters.
+        self.path: str
+        """Path of the opening handshake request."""
+        self.request_headers: Headers
+        """Opening handshake request headers."""
+        self.response_headers: Headers
+        """Opening handshake response headers."""
+
+        # WebSocket protocol parameters.
+        self.extensions: List[Extension] = []
+        self.subprotocol: Optional[Subprotocol] = None
+        """Subprotocol, if one was negotiated."""
+
+        # Close code and reason, set when a close frame is sent or received.
+        self.close_rcvd: Optional[Close] = None
+        self.close_sent: Optional[Close] = None
+        self.close_rcvd_then_sent: Optional[bool] = None
+
+        # Completed when the connection state becomes CLOSED. Translates the
+        # :meth:`connection_lost` callback to a :class:`~asyncio.Future`
+        # that can be awaited. (Other :class:`~asyncio.Protocol` callbacks are
+        # translated by ``self.stream_reader``).
+        self.connection_lost_waiter: asyncio.Future[None] = loop.create_future()
+
+        # Queue of received messages.
+        self.messages: Deque[Data] = collections.deque()
+        self._pop_message_waiter: Optional[asyncio.Future[None]] = None
+        self._put_message_waiter: Optional[asyncio.Future[None]] = None
+
+        # Protect sending fragmented messages.
+        self._fragmented_message_waiter: Optional[asyncio.Future[None]] = None
+
+        # Mapping of ping IDs to pong waiters, in chronological order.
+        self.pings: Dict[bytes, asyncio.Future[None]] = {}
+
+        # Task running the data transfer.
+        self.transfer_data_task: asyncio.Task[None]
+
+        # Exception that occurred during data transfer, if any.
+        self.transfer_data_exc: Optional[BaseException] = None
+
+        # Task sending keepalive pings.
+        self.keepalive_ping_task: asyncio.Task[None]
+
+        # Task closing the TCP connection.
+        self.close_connection_task: asyncio.Task[None]
+
+    # Copied from asyncio.FlowControlMixin
+    async def _drain_helper(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        if self.connection_lost_waiter.done():
+            raise ConnectionResetError("Connection lost")
+        if not self._paused:
+            return
+        waiter = self._drain_waiter
+        assert waiter is None or waiter.cancelled()
+        waiter = self.loop.create_future()
+        self._drain_waiter = waiter
+        await waiter
+
+    # Copied from asyncio.StreamWriter
+    async def _drain(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        if self.reader is not None:
+            exc = self.reader.exception()
+            if exc is not None:
+                raise exc
+        if self.transport is not None:
+            if self.transport.is_closing():
+                # Yield to the event loop so connection_lost() may be
+                # called.  Without this, _drain_helper() would return
+                # immediately, and code that calls
+                #     write(...); yield from drain()
+                # in a loop would never call connection_lost(), so it
+                # would not see an error when the socket is closed.
+                await asyncio.sleep(0, **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.loop))
+        await self._drain_helper()
+
+    def connection_open(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Callback when the WebSocket opening handshake completes.
+
+        Enter the OPEN state and start the data transfer phase.
+
+        """
+        # 4.1. The WebSocket Connection is Established.
+        assert self.state is State.CONNECTING
+        self.state = State.OPEN
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("= connection is OPEN")
+        # Start the task that receives incoming WebSocket messages.
+        self.transfer_data_task = self.loop.create_task(self.transfer_data())
+        # Start the task that sends pings at regular intervals.
+        self.keepalive_ping_task = self.loop.create_task(self.keepalive_ping())
+        # Start the task that eventually closes the TCP connection.
+        self.close_connection_task = self.loop.create_task(self.close_connection())
+
+    @property
+    def host(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        alternative = "remote_address" if self.is_client else "local_address"
+        warnings.warn(f"use {alternative}[0] instead of host", DeprecationWarning)
+        return self._host
+
+    @property
+    def port(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        alternative = "remote_address" if self.is_client else "local_address"
+        warnings.warn(f"use {alternative}[1] instead of port", DeprecationWarning)
+        return self._port
+
+    @property
+    def secure(self) -> Optional[bool]:
+        warnings.warn("don't use secure", DeprecationWarning)
+        return self._secure
+
+    # Public API
+
+    @property
+    def local_address(self) -> Any:
+        """
+        Local address of the connection.
+
+        For IPv4 connections, this is a ``(host, port)`` tuple.
+
+        The format of the address depends on the address family;
+        see :meth:`~socket.socket.getsockname`.
+
+        :obj:`None` if the TCP connection isn't established yet.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            transport = self.transport
+        except AttributeError:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return transport.get_extra_info("sockname")
+
+    @property
+    def remote_address(self) -> Any:
+        """
+        Remote address of the connection.
+
+        For IPv4 connections, this is a ``(host, port)`` tuple.
+
+        The format of the address depends on the address family;
+        see :meth:`~socket.socket.getpeername`.
+
+        :obj:`None` if the TCP connection isn't established yet.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            transport = self.transport
+        except AttributeError:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return transport.get_extra_info("peername")
+
+    @property
+    def open(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        :obj:`True` when the connection is open; :obj:`False` otherwise.
+
+        This attribute may be used to detect disconnections. However, this
+        approach is discouraged per the EAFP_ principle. Instead, you should
+        handle :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosed` exceptions.
+
+        .. _EAFP: https://docs.python.org/3/glossary.html#term-eafp
+
+        """
+        return self.state is State.OPEN and not self.transfer_data_task.done()
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        :obj:`True` when the connection is closed; :obj:`False` otherwise.
+
+        Be aware that both :attr:`open` and :attr:`closed` are :obj:`False`
+        during the opening and closing sequences.
+
+        """
+        return self.state is State.CLOSED
+
+    @property
+    def close_code(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        """
+        WebSocket close code, defined in `section 7.1.5 of RFC 6455`_.
+
+        .. _section 7.1.5 of RFC 6455:
+            https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-7.1.5
+
+        :obj:`None` if the connection isn't closed yet.
+
+        """
+        if self.state is not State.CLOSED:
+            return None
+        elif self.close_rcvd is None:
+            return 1006
+        else:
+            return self.close_rcvd.code
+
+    @property
+    def close_reason(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        WebSocket close reason, defined in `section 7.1.6 of RFC 6455`_.
+
+        .. _section 7.1.6 of RFC 6455:
+            https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-7.1.6
+
+        :obj:`None` if the connection isn't closed yet.
+
+        """
+        if self.state is not State.CLOSED:
+            return None
+        elif self.close_rcvd is None:
+            return ""
+        else:
+            return self.close_rcvd.reason
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[Data]:
+        """
+        Iterate on incoming messages.
+
+        The iterator  exits normally when the connection is closed with the
+        close code 1000 (OK) or 1001(going away). It raises
+        a :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedError` exception when
+        the connection is closed with any other code.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            while True:
+                yield await self.recv()
+        except ConnectionClosedOK:
+            return
+
+    async def recv(self) -> Data:
+        """
+        Receive the next message.
+
+        When the connection is closed, :meth:`recv` raises
+        :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosed`. Specifically, it
+        raises :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedOK` after a normal
+        connection closure and
+        :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedError` after a protocol
+        error or a network failure. This is how you detect the end of the
+        message stream.
+
+        Canceling :meth:`recv` is safe. There's no risk of losing the next
+        message. The next invocation of :meth:`recv` will return it.
+
+        This makes it possible to enforce a timeout by wrapping :meth:`recv`
+        in :func:`~asyncio.wait_for`.
+
+        Returns:
+            Data: A string (:class:`str`) for a Text_ frame. A bytestring
+            (:class:`bytes`) for a Binary_ frame.
+
+            .. _Text: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.6
+            .. _Binary: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.6
+
+        Raises:
+            ConnectionClosed: when the connection is closed.
+            RuntimeError: if two coroutines call :meth:`recv` concurrently.
+
+        """
+        if self._pop_message_waiter is not None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "cannot call recv while another coroutine "
+                "is already waiting for the next message"
+            )
+
+        # Don't await self.ensure_open() here:
+        # - messages could be available in the queue even if the connection
+        #   is closed;
+        # - messages could be received before the closing frame even if the
+        #   connection is closing.
+
+        # Wait until there's a message in the queue (if necessary) or the
+        # connection is closed.
+        while len(self.messages) <= 0:
+            pop_message_waiter: asyncio.Future[None] = self.loop.create_future()
+            self._pop_message_waiter = pop_message_waiter
+            try:
+                # If asyncio.wait() is canceled, it doesn't cancel
+                # pop_message_waiter and self.transfer_data_task.
+                await asyncio.wait(
+                    [pop_message_waiter, self.transfer_data_task],
+                    return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED,
+                    **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.loop),
+                )
+            finally:
+                self._pop_message_waiter = None
+
+            # If asyncio.wait(...) exited because self.transfer_data_task
+            # completed before receiving a new message, raise a suitable
+            # exception (or return None if legacy_recv is enabled).
+            if not pop_message_waiter.done():
+                if self.legacy_recv:
+                    return None  # type: ignore
+                else:
+                    # Wait until the connection is closed to raise
+                    # ConnectionClosed with the correct code and reason.
+                    await self.ensure_open()
+
+        # Pop a message from the queue.
+        message = self.messages.popleft()
+
+        # Notify transfer_data().
+        if self._put_message_waiter is not None:
+            self._put_message_waiter.set_result(None)
+            self._put_message_waiter = None
+
+        return message
+
+    async def send(
+        self,
+        message: Union[Data, Iterable[Data], AsyncIterable[Data]],
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a message.
+
+        A string (:class:`str`) is sent as a Text_ frame. A bytestring or
+        bytes-like object (:class:`bytes`, :class:`bytearray`, or
+        :class:`memoryview`) is sent as a Binary_ frame.
+
+        .. _Text: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.6
+        .. _Binary: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.6
+
+        :meth:`send` also accepts an iterable or an asynchronous iterable of
+        strings, bytestrings, or bytes-like objects to enable fragmentation_.
+        Each item is treated as a message fragment and sent in its own frame.
+        All items must be of the same type, or else :meth:`send` will raise a
+        :exc:`TypeError` and the connection will be closed.
+
+        .. _fragmentation: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.4
+
+        :meth:`send` rejects dict-like objects because this is often an error.
+        (If you want to send the keys of a dict-like object as fragments, call
+        its :meth:`~dict.keys` method and pass the result to :meth:`send`.)
+
+        Canceling :meth:`send` is discouraged. Instead, you should close the
+        connection with :meth:`close`. Indeed, there are only two situations
+        where :meth:`send` may yield control to the event loop and then get
+        canceled; in both cases, :meth:`close` has the same effect and is
+        more clear:
+
+        1. The write buffer is full. If you don't want to wait until enough
+           data is sent, your only alternative is to close the connection.
+           :meth:`close` will likely time out then abort the TCP connection.
+        2. ``message`` is an asynchronous iterator that yields control.
+           Stopping in the middle of a fragmented message will cause a
+           protocol error and the connection will be closed.
+
+        When the connection is closed, :meth:`send` raises
+        :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosed`. Specifically, it
+        raises :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedOK` after a normal
+        connection closure and
+        :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedError` after a protocol
+        error or a network failure.
+
+        Args:
+            message (Union[Data, Iterable[Data], AsyncIterable[Data]): message
+                to send.
+
+        Raises:
+            ConnectionClosed: when the connection is closed.
+            TypeError: if ``message`` doesn't have a supported type.
+
+        """
+        await self.ensure_open()
+
+        # While sending a fragmented message, prevent sending other messages
+        # until all fragments are sent.
+        while self._fragmented_message_waiter is not None:
+            await asyncio.shield(self._fragmented_message_waiter)
+
+        # Unfragmented message -- this case must be handled first because
+        # strings and bytes-like objects are iterable.
+
+        if isinstance(message, (str, bytes, bytearray, memoryview)):
+            opcode, data = prepare_data(message)
+            await self.write_frame(True, opcode, data)
+
+        # Catch a common mistake -- passing a dict to send().
+
+        elif isinstance(message, Mapping):
+            raise TypeError("data is a dict-like object")
+
+        # Fragmented message -- regular iterator.
+
+        elif isinstance(message, Iterable):
+
+            # Work around https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/6227
+            message = cast(Iterable[Data], message)
+
+            iter_message = iter(message)
+            try:
+                message_chunk = next(iter_message)
+            except StopIteration:
+                return
+            opcode, data = prepare_data(message_chunk)
+
+            self._fragmented_message_waiter = asyncio.Future()
+            try:
+                # First fragment.
+                await self.write_frame(False, opcode, data)
+
+                # Other fragments.
+                for message_chunk in iter_message:
+                    confirm_opcode, data = prepare_data(message_chunk)
+                    if confirm_opcode != opcode:
+                        raise TypeError("data contains inconsistent types")
+                    await self.write_frame(False, OP_CONT, data)
+
+                # Final fragment.
+                await self.write_frame(True, OP_CONT, b"")
+
+            except (Exception, asyncio.CancelledError):
+                # We're half-way through a fragmented message and we can't
+                # complete it. This makes the connection unusable.
+                self.fail_connection(1011)
+                raise
+
+            finally:
+                self._fragmented_message_waiter.set_result(None)
+                self._fragmented_message_waiter = None
+
+        # Fragmented message -- asynchronous iterator
+
+        elif isinstance(message, AsyncIterable):
+            # aiter_message = aiter(message) without aiter
+            # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/5738
+            aiter_message = type(message).__aiter__(message)  # type: ignore
+            try:
+                # message_chunk = anext(aiter_message) without anext
+                # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/5738
+                message_chunk = await type(aiter_message).__anext__(  # type: ignore
+                    aiter_message
+                )
+            except StopAsyncIteration:
+                return
+            opcode, data = prepare_data(message_chunk)
+
+            self._fragmented_message_waiter = asyncio.Future()
+            try:
+                # First fragment.
+                await self.write_frame(False, opcode, data)
+
+                # Other fragments.
+                # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/5738
+                # coverage reports this code as not covered, but it is
+                # exercised by tests - changing it breaks the tests!
+                async for message_chunk in aiter_message:  # type: ignore  # pragma: no cover  # noqa
+                    confirm_opcode, data = prepare_data(message_chunk)
+                    if confirm_opcode != opcode:
+                        raise TypeError("data contains inconsistent types")
+                    await self.write_frame(False, OP_CONT, data)
+
+                # Final fragment.
+                await self.write_frame(True, OP_CONT, b"")
+
+            except (Exception, asyncio.CancelledError):
+                # We're half-way through a fragmented message and we can't
+                # complete it. This makes the connection unusable.
+                self.fail_connection(1011)
+                raise
+
+            finally:
+                self._fragmented_message_waiter.set_result(None)
+                self._fragmented_message_waiter = None
+
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("data must be str, bytes-like, or iterable")
+
+    async def close(self, code: int = 1000, reason: str = "") -> None:
+        """
+        Perform the closing handshake.
+
+        :meth:`close` waits for the other end to complete the handshake and
+        for the TCP connection to terminate. As a consequence, there's no need
+        to await :meth:`wait_closed` after :meth:`close`.
+
+        :meth:`close` is idempotent: it doesn't do anything once the
+        connection is closed.
+
+        Wrapping :func:`close` in :func:`~asyncio.create_task` is safe, given
+        that errors during connection termination aren't particularly useful.
+
+        Canceling :meth:`close` is discouraged. If it takes too long, you can
+        set a shorter ``close_timeout``. If you don't want to wait, let the
+        Python process exit, then the OS will take care of closing the TCP
+        connection.
+
+        Args:
+            code: WebSocket close code.
+            reason: WebSocket close reason.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            await asyncio.wait_for(
+                self.write_close_frame(Close(code, reason)),
+                self.close_timeout,
+                **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.loop),
+            )
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+            # If the close frame cannot be sent because the send buffers
+            # are full, the closing handshake won't complete anyway.
+            # Fail the connection to shut down faster.
+            self.fail_connection()
+
+        # If no close frame is received within the timeout, wait_for() cancels
+        # the data transfer task and raises TimeoutError.
+
+        # If close() is called multiple times concurrently and one of these
+        # calls hits the timeout, the data transfer task will be canceled.
+        # Other calls will receive a CancelledError here.
+
+        try:
+            # If close() is canceled during the wait, self.transfer_data_task
+            # is canceled before the timeout elapses.
+            await asyncio.wait_for(
+                self.transfer_data_task,
+                self.close_timeout,
+                **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.loop),
+            )
+        except (asyncio.TimeoutError, asyncio.CancelledError):
+            pass
+
+        # Wait for the close connection task to close the TCP connection.
+        await asyncio.shield(self.close_connection_task)
+
+    async def wait_closed(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Wait until the connection is closed.
+
+        This coroutine is identical to the :attr:`closed` attribute, except it
+        can be awaited.
+
+        This can make it easier to detect connection termination, regardless
+        of its cause, in tasks that interact with the WebSocket connection.
+
+        """
+        await asyncio.shield(self.connection_lost_waiter)
+
+    async def ping(self, data: Optional[Data] = None) -> Awaitable[None]:
+        """
+        Send a Ping_.
+
+        .. _Ping: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.5.2
+
+        A ping may serve as a keepalive or as a check that the remote endpoint
+        received all messages up to this point
+
+        Canceling :meth:`ping` is discouraged. If :meth:`ping` doesn't return
+        immediately, it means the write buffer is full. If you don't want to
+        wait, you should close the connection.
+
+        Canceling the :class:`~asyncio.Future` returned by :meth:`ping` has no
+        effect.
+
+        Args:
+            data (Optional[Data]): payload of the ping; a string will be
+                encoded to UTF-8; or :obj:`None` to generate a payload
+                containing four random bytes.
+
+        Returns:
+            ~asyncio.Future: A future that will be completed when the
+            corresponding pong is received. You can ignore it if you
+            don't intend to wait.
+
+            ::
+
+                pong_waiter = await ws.ping()
+                await pong_waiter  # only if you want to wait for the pong
+
+        Raises:
+            ConnectionClosed: when the connection is closed.
+            RuntimeError: if another ping was sent with the same data and
+                the corresponding pong wasn't received yet.
+
+        """
+        await self.ensure_open()
+
+        if data is not None:
+            data = prepare_ctrl(data)
+
+        # Protect against duplicates if a payload is explicitly set.
+        if data in self.pings:
+            raise RuntimeError("already waiting for a pong with the same data")
+
+        # Generate a unique random payload otherwise.
+        while data is None or data in self.pings:
+            data = struct.pack("!I", random.getrandbits(32))
+
+        self.pings[data] = self.loop.create_future()
+
+        await self.write_frame(True, OP_PING, data)
+
+        return asyncio.shield(self.pings[data])
+
+    async def pong(self, data: Data = b"") -> None:
+        """
+        Send a Pong_.
+
+        .. _Pong: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.5.3
+
+        An unsolicited pong may serve as a unidirectional heartbeat.
+
+        Canceling :meth:`pong` is discouraged. If :meth:`pong` doesn't return
+        immediately, it means the write buffer is full. If you don't want to
+        wait, you should close the connection.
+
+        Args:
+            data (Data): payload of the pong; a string will be encoded to
+                UTF-8.
+
+        Raises:
+            ConnectionClosed: when the connection is closed.
+
+        """
+        await self.ensure_open()
+
+        data = prepare_ctrl(data)
+
+        await self.write_frame(True, OP_PONG, data)
+
+    # Private methods - no guarantees.
+
+    def connection_closed_exc(self) -> ConnectionClosed:
+        exc: ConnectionClosed
+        if (
+            self.close_rcvd is not None
+            and self.close_rcvd.code in OK_CLOSE_CODES
+            and self.close_sent is not None
+            and self.close_sent.code in OK_CLOSE_CODES
+        ):
+            exc = ConnectionClosedOK(
+                self.close_rcvd,
+                self.close_sent,
+                self.close_rcvd_then_sent,
+            )
+        else:
+            exc = ConnectionClosedError(
+                self.close_rcvd,
+                self.close_sent,
+                self.close_rcvd_then_sent,
+            )
+        # Chain to the exception that terminated data transfer, if any.
+        exc.__cause__ = self.transfer_data_exc
+        return exc
+
+    async def ensure_open(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Check that the WebSocket connection is open.
+
+        Raise :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosed` if it isn't.
+
+        """
+        # Handle cases from most common to least common for performance.
+        if self.state is State.OPEN:
+            # If self.transfer_data_task exited without a closing handshake,
+            # self.close_connection_task may be closing the connection, going
+            # straight from OPEN to CLOSED.
+            if self.transfer_data_task.done():
+                await asyncio.shield(self.close_connection_task)
+                raise self.connection_closed_exc()
+            else:
+                return
+
+        if self.state is State.CLOSED:
+            raise self.connection_closed_exc()
+
+        if self.state is State.CLOSING:
+            # If we started the closing handshake, wait for its completion to
+            # get the proper close code and reason. self.close_connection_task
+            # will complete within 4 or 5 * close_timeout after close(). The
+            # CLOSING state also occurs when failing the connection. In that
+            # case self.close_connection_task will complete even faster.
+            await asyncio.shield(self.close_connection_task)
+            raise self.connection_closed_exc()
+
+        # Control may only reach this point in buggy third-party subclasses.
+        assert self.state is State.CONNECTING
+        raise InvalidState("WebSocket connection isn't established yet")
+
+    async def transfer_data(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Read incoming messages and put them in a queue.
+
+        This coroutine runs in a task until the closing handshake is started.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            while True:
+                message = await self.read_message()
+
+                # Exit the loop when receiving a close frame.
+                if message is None:
+                    break
+
+                # Wait until there's room in the queue (if necessary).
+                if self.max_queue is not None:
+                    while len(self.messages) >= self.max_queue:
+                        self._put_message_waiter = self.loop.create_future()
+                        try:
+                            await asyncio.shield(self._put_message_waiter)
+                        finally:
+                            self._put_message_waiter = None
+
+                # Put the message in the queue.
+                self.messages.append(message)
+
+                # Notify recv().
+                if self._pop_message_waiter is not None:
+                    self._pop_message_waiter.set_result(None)
+                    self._pop_message_waiter = None
+
+        except asyncio.CancelledError as exc:
+            self.transfer_data_exc = exc
+            # If fail_connection() cancels this task, avoid logging the error
+            # twice and failing the connection again.
+            raise
+
+        except ProtocolError as exc:
+            self.transfer_data_exc = exc
+            self.fail_connection(1002)
+
+        except (ConnectionError, TimeoutError, EOFError) as exc:
+            # Reading data with self.reader.readexactly may raise:
+            # - most subclasses of ConnectionError if the TCP connection
+            #   breaks, is reset, or is aborted;
+            # - TimeoutError if the TCP connection times out;
+            # - IncompleteReadError, a subclass of EOFError, if fewer
+            #   bytes are available than requested.
+            self.transfer_data_exc = exc
+            self.fail_connection(1006)
+
+        except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+            self.transfer_data_exc = exc
+            self.fail_connection(1007)
+
+        except PayloadTooBig as exc:
+            self.transfer_data_exc = exc
+            self.fail_connection(1009)
+
+        except Exception as exc:
+            # This shouldn't happen often because exceptions expected under
+            # regular circumstances are handled above. If it does, consider
+            # catching and handling more exceptions.
+            self.logger.error("data transfer failed", exc_info=True)
+
+            self.transfer_data_exc = exc
+            self.fail_connection(1011)
+
+    async def read_message(self) -> Optional[Data]:
+        """
+        Read a single message from the connection.
+
+        Re-assemble data frames if the message is fragmented.
+
+        Return :obj:`None` when the closing handshake is started.
+
+        """
+        frame = await self.read_data_frame(max_size=self.max_size)
+
+        # A close frame was received.
+        if frame is None:
+            return None
+
+        if frame.opcode == OP_TEXT:
+            text = True
+        elif frame.opcode == OP_BINARY:
+            text = False
+        else:  # frame.opcode == OP_CONT
+            raise ProtocolError("unexpected opcode")
+
+        # Shortcut for the common case - no fragmentation
+        if frame.fin:
+            return frame.data.decode("utf-8") if text else frame.data
+
+        # 5.4. Fragmentation
+        chunks: List[Data] = []
+        max_size = self.max_size
+        if text:
+            decoder_factory = codecs.getincrementaldecoder("utf-8")
+            decoder = decoder_factory(errors="strict")
+            if max_size is None:
+
+                def append(frame: Frame) -> None:
+                    nonlocal chunks
+                    chunks.append(decoder.decode(frame.data, frame.fin))
+
+            else:
+
+                def append(frame: Frame) -> None:
+                    nonlocal chunks, max_size
+                    chunks.append(decoder.decode(frame.data, frame.fin))
+                    assert isinstance(max_size, int)
+                    max_size -= len(frame.data)
+
+        else:
+            if max_size is None:
+
+                def append(frame: Frame) -> None:
+                    nonlocal chunks
+                    chunks.append(frame.data)
+
+            else:
+
+                def append(frame: Frame) -> None:
+                    nonlocal chunks, max_size
+                    chunks.append(frame.data)
+                    assert isinstance(max_size, int)
+                    max_size -= len(frame.data)
+
+        append(frame)
+
+        while not frame.fin:
+            frame = await self.read_data_frame(max_size=max_size)
+            if frame is None:
+                raise ProtocolError("incomplete fragmented message")
+            if frame.opcode != OP_CONT:
+                raise ProtocolError("unexpected opcode")
+            append(frame)
+
+        return ("" if text else b"").join(chunks)
+
+    async def read_data_frame(self, max_size: Optional[int]) -> Optional[Frame]:
+        """
+        Read a single data frame from the connection.
+
+        Process control frames received before the next data frame.
+
+        Return :obj:`None` if a close frame is encountered before any data frame.
+
+        """
+        # 6.2. Receiving Data
+        while True:
+            frame = await self.read_frame(max_size)
+
+            # 5.5. Control Frames
+            if frame.opcode == OP_CLOSE:
+                # 7.1.5.  The WebSocket Connection Close Code
+                # 7.1.6.  The WebSocket Connection Close Reason
+                self.close_rcvd = Close.parse(frame.data)
+                if self.close_sent is not None:
+                    self.close_rcvd_then_sent = False
+                try:
+                    # Echo the original data instead of re-serializing it with
+                    # Close.serialize() because that fails when the close frame
+                    # is empty and Close.parse() synthetizes a 1005 close code.
+                    await self.write_close_frame(self.close_rcvd, frame.data)
+                except ConnectionClosed:
+                    # Connection closed before we could echo the close frame.
+                    pass
+                return None
+
+            elif frame.opcode == OP_PING:
+                # Answer pings, unless connection is CLOSING.
+                if self.state is State.OPEN:
+                    try:
+                        await self.pong(frame.data)
+                    except ConnectionClosed:
+                        # Connection closed while draining write buffer.
+                        pass
+
+            elif frame.opcode == OP_PONG:
+                if frame.data in self.pings:
+                    # Sending a pong for only the most recent ping is legal.
+                    # Acknowledge all previous pings too in that case.
+                    ping_id = None
+                    ping_ids = []
+                    for ping_id, ping in self.pings.items():
+                        ping_ids.append(ping_id)
+                        if not ping.done():
+                            ping.set_result(None)
+                        if ping_id == frame.data:
+                            break
+                    else:  # pragma: no cover
+                        assert False, "ping_id is in self.pings"
+                    # Remove acknowledged pings from self.pings.
+                    for ping_id in ping_ids:
+                        del self.pings[ping_id]
+
+            # 5.6. Data Frames
+            else:
+                return frame
+
+    async def read_frame(self, max_size: Optional[int]) -> Frame:
+        """
+        Read a single frame from the connection.
+
+        """
+        frame = await Frame.read(
+            self.reader.readexactly,
+            mask=not self.is_client,
+            max_size=max_size,
+            extensions=self.extensions,
+        )
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("< %s", frame)
+        return frame
+
+    def write_frame_sync(self, fin: bool, opcode: int, data: bytes) -> None:
+        frame = Frame(fin, Opcode(opcode), data)
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("> %s", frame)
+        frame.write(
+            self.transport.write,
+            mask=self.is_client,
+            extensions=self.extensions,
+        )
+
+    async def drain(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            # drain() cannot be called concurrently by multiple coroutines:
+            # http://bugs.python.org/issue29930. Remove this lock when no
+            # version of Python where this bugs exists is supported anymore.
+            async with self._drain_lock:
+                # Handle flow control automatically.
+                await self._drain()
+        except ConnectionError:
+            # Terminate the connection if the socket died.
+            self.fail_connection()
+            # Wait until the connection is closed to raise ConnectionClosed
+            # with the correct code and reason.
+            await self.ensure_open()
+
+    async def write_frame(
+        self, fin: bool, opcode: int, data: bytes, *, _state: int = State.OPEN
+    ) -> None:
+        # Defensive assertion for protocol compliance.
+        if self.state is not _state:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise InvalidState(
+                f"Cannot write to a WebSocket in the {self.state.name} state"
+            )
+        self.write_frame_sync(fin, opcode, data)
+        await self.drain()
+
+    async def write_close_frame(
+        self, close: Close, data: Optional[bytes] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Write a close frame if and only if the connection state is OPEN.
+
+        This dedicated coroutine must be used for writing close frames to
+        ensure that at most one close frame is sent on a given connection.
+
+        """
+        # Test and set the connection state before sending the close frame to
+        # avoid sending two frames in case of concurrent calls.
+        if self.state is State.OPEN:
+            # 7.1.3. The WebSocket Closing Handshake is Started
+            self.state = State.CLOSING
+            if self.debug:
+                self.logger.debug("= connection is CLOSING")
+
+            self.close_sent = close
+            if self.close_rcvd is not None:
+                self.close_rcvd_then_sent = True
+            if data is None:
+                data = close.serialize()
+
+            # 7.1.2. Start the WebSocket Closing Handshake
+            await self.write_frame(True, OP_CLOSE, data, _state=State.CLOSING)
+
+    async def keepalive_ping(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a Ping frame and wait for a Pong frame at regular intervals.
+
+        This coroutine exits when the connection terminates and one of the
+        following happens:
+
+        - :meth:`ping` raises :exc:`ConnectionClosed`, or
+        - :meth:`close_connection` cancels :attr:`keepalive_ping_task`.
+
+        """
+        if self.ping_interval is None:
+            return
+
+        try:
+            while True:
+                await asyncio.sleep(
+                    self.ping_interval,
+                    **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.loop),
+                )
+
+                # ping() raises CancelledError if the connection is closed,
+                # when close_connection() cancels self.keepalive_ping_task.
+
+                # ping() raises ConnectionClosed if the connection is lost,
+                # when connection_lost() calls abort_pings().
+
+                self.logger.debug("% sending keepalive ping")
+                pong_waiter = await self.ping()
+
+                if self.ping_timeout is not None:
+                    try:
+                        await asyncio.wait_for(
+                            pong_waiter,
+                            self.ping_timeout,
+                            **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.loop),
+                        )
+                        self.logger.debug("% received keepalive pong")
+                    except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                        if self.debug:
+                            self.logger.debug("! timed out waiting for keepalive pong")
+                        self.fail_connection(1011, "keepalive ping timeout")
+                        break
+
+        # Remove this branch when dropping support for Python < 3.8
+        # because CancelledError no longer inherits Exception.
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            raise
+
+        except ConnectionClosed:
+            pass
+
+        except Exception:
+            self.logger.error("keepalive ping failed", exc_info=True)
+
+    async def close_connection(self) -> None:
+        """
+        7.1.1. Close the WebSocket Connection
+
+        When the opening handshake succeeds, :meth:`connection_open` starts
+        this coroutine in a task. It waits for the data transfer phase to
+        complete then it closes the TCP connection cleanly.
+
+        When the opening handshake fails, :meth:`fail_connection` does the
+        same. There's no data transfer phase in that case.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            # Wait for the data transfer phase to complete.
+            if hasattr(self, "transfer_data_task"):
+                try:
+                    await self.transfer_data_task
+                except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                    pass
+
+            # Cancel the keepalive ping task.
+            if hasattr(self, "keepalive_ping_task"):
+                self.keepalive_ping_task.cancel()
+
+            # A client should wait for a TCP close from the server.
+            if self.is_client and hasattr(self, "transfer_data_task"):
+                if await self.wait_for_connection_lost():
+                    # Coverage marks this line as a partially executed branch.
+                    # I supect a bug in coverage. Ignore it for now.
+                    return  # pragma: no cover
+                if self.debug:
+                    self.logger.debug("! timed out waiting for TCP close")
+
+            # Half-close the TCP connection if possible (when there's no TLS).
+            if self.transport.can_write_eof():
+                if self.debug:
+                    self.logger.debug("x half-closing TCP connection")
+                # write_eof() doesn't document which exceptions it raises.
+                # "[Errno 107] Transport endpoint is not connected" happens
+                # but it isn't completely clear under which circumstances.
+                try:
+                    self.transport.write_eof()
+                except OSError:  # pragma: no cover
+                    pass
+
+                if await self.wait_for_connection_lost():
+                    # Coverage marks this line as a partially executed branch.
+                    # I supect a bug in coverage. Ignore it for now.
+                    return  # pragma: no cover
+                if self.debug:
+                    self.logger.debug("! timed out waiting for TCP close")
+
+        finally:
+            # The try/finally ensures that the transport never remains open,
+            # even if this coroutine is canceled (for example).
+            await self.close_transport()
+
+    async def close_transport(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the TCP connection.
+
+        """
+        # If connection_lost() was called, the TCP connection is closed.
+        # However, if TLS is enabled, the transport still needs closing.
+        # Else asyncio complains: ResourceWarning: unclosed transport.
+        if self.connection_lost_waiter.done() and self.transport.is_closing():
+            return
+
+        # Close the TCP connection. Buffers are flushed asynchronously.
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("x closing TCP connection")
+        self.transport.close()
+
+        if await self.wait_for_connection_lost():
+            return
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("! timed out waiting for TCP close")
+
+        # Abort the TCP connection. Buffers are discarded.
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("x aborting TCP connection")
+        self.transport.abort()
+
+        # connection_lost() is called quickly after aborting.
+        # Coverage marks this line as a partially executed branch.
+        # I supect a bug in coverage. Ignore it for now.
+        await self.wait_for_connection_lost()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def wait_for_connection_lost(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Wait until the TCP connection is closed or ``self.close_timeout`` elapses.
+
+        Return :obj:`True` if the connection is closed and :obj:`False`
+        otherwise.
+
+        """
+        if not self.connection_lost_waiter.done():
+            try:
+                await asyncio.wait_for(
+                    asyncio.shield(self.connection_lost_waiter),
+                    self.close_timeout,
+                    **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.loop),
+                )
+            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                pass
+        # Re-check self.connection_lost_waiter.done() synchronously because
+        # connection_lost() could run between the moment the timeout occurs
+        # and the moment this coroutine resumes running.
+        return self.connection_lost_waiter.done()
+
+    def fail_connection(self, code: int = 1006, reason: str = "") -> None:
+        """
+        7.1.7. Fail the WebSocket Connection
+
+        This requires:
+
+        1. Stopping all processing of incoming data, which means cancelling
+           :attr:`transfer_data_task`. The close code will be 1006 unless a
+           close frame was received earlier.
+
+        2. Sending a close frame with an appropriate code if the opening
+           handshake succeeded and the other side is likely to process it.
+
+        3. Closing the connection. :meth:`close_connection` takes care of
+           this once :attr:`transfer_data_task` exits after being canceled.
+
+        (The specification describes these steps in the opposite order.)
+
+        """
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("! failing connection with code %d", code)
+
+        # Cancel transfer_data_task if the opening handshake succeeded.
+        # cancel() is idempotent and ignored if the task is done already.
+        if hasattr(self, "transfer_data_task"):
+            self.transfer_data_task.cancel()
+
+        # Send a close frame when the state is OPEN (a close frame was already
+        # sent if it's CLOSING), except when failing the connection because of
+        # an error reading from or writing to the network.
+        # Don't send a close frame if the connection is broken.
+        if code != 1006 and self.state is State.OPEN:
+            close = Close(code, reason)
+
+            # Write the close frame without draining the write buffer.
+
+            # Keeping fail_connection() synchronous guarantees it can't
+            # get stuck and simplifies the implementation of the callers.
+            # Not drainig the write buffer is acceptable in this context.
+
+            # This duplicates a few lines of code from write_close_frame().
+
+            self.state = State.CLOSING
+            if self.debug:
+                self.logger.debug("= connection is CLOSING")
+
+            # If self.close_rcvd was set, the connection state would be
+            # CLOSING. Therefore self.close_rcvd isn't set and we don't
+            # have to set self.close_rcvd_then_sent.
+            assert self.close_rcvd is None
+            self.close_sent = close
+
+            self.write_frame_sync(True, OP_CLOSE, close.serialize())
+
+        # Start close_connection_task if the opening handshake didn't succeed.
+        if not hasattr(self, "close_connection_task"):
+            self.close_connection_task = self.loop.create_task(self.close_connection())
+
+    def abort_pings(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Raise ConnectionClosed in pending keepalive pings.
+
+        They'll never receive a pong once the connection is closed.
+
+        """
+        assert self.state is State.CLOSED
+        exc = self.connection_closed_exc()
+
+        for ping in self.pings.values():
+            ping.set_exception(exc)
+            # If the exception is never retrieved, it will be logged when ping
+            # is garbage-collected. This is confusing for users.
+            # Given that ping is done (with an exception), canceling it does
+            # nothing, but it prevents logging the exception.
+            ping.cancel()
+
+    # asyncio.Protocol methods
+
+    def connection_made(self, transport: asyncio.BaseTransport) -> None:
+        """
+        Configure write buffer limits.
+
+        The high-water limit is defined by ``self.write_limit``.
+
+        The low-water limit currently defaults to ``self.write_limit // 4`` in
+        :meth:`~asyncio.WriteTransport.set_write_buffer_limits`, which should
+        be all right for reasonable use cases of this library.
+
+        This is the earliest point where we can get hold of the transport,
+        which means it's the best point for configuring it.
+
+        """
+        transport = cast(asyncio.Transport, transport)
+        transport.set_write_buffer_limits(self.write_limit)
+        self.transport = transport
+
+        # Copied from asyncio.StreamReaderProtocol
+        self.reader.set_transport(transport)
+
+    def connection_lost(self, exc: Optional[Exception]) -> None:
+        """
+        7.1.4. The WebSocket Connection is Closed.
+
+        """
+        self.state = State.CLOSED
+        self.logger.debug("= connection is CLOSED")
+
+        self.abort_pings()
+
+        # If self.connection_lost_waiter isn't pending, that's a bug, because:
+        # - it's set only here in connection_lost() which is called only once;
+        # - it must never be canceled.
+        self.connection_lost_waiter.set_result(None)
+
+        if True:  # pragma: no cover
+
+            # Copied from asyncio.StreamReaderProtocol
+            if self.reader is not None:
+                if exc is None:
+                    self.reader.feed_eof()
+                else:
+                    self.reader.set_exception(exc)
+
+            # Copied from asyncio.FlowControlMixin
+            # Wake up the writer if currently paused.
+            if not self._paused:
+                return
+            waiter = self._drain_waiter
+            if waiter is None:
+                return
+            self._drain_waiter = None
+            if waiter.done():
+                return
+            if exc is None:
+                waiter.set_result(None)
+            else:
+                waiter.set_exception(exc)
+
+    def pause_writing(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        assert not self._paused
+        self._paused = True
+
+    def resume_writing(self) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+        assert self._paused
+        self._paused = False
+
+        waiter = self._drain_waiter
+        if waiter is not None:
+            self._drain_waiter = None
+            if not waiter.done():
+                waiter.set_result(None)
+
+    def data_received(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        self.reader.feed_data(data)
+
+    def eof_received(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the transport after receiving EOF.
+
+        The WebSocket protocol has its own closing handshake: endpoints close
+        the TCP or TLS connection after sending and receiving a close frame.
+
+        As a consequence, they never need to write after receiving EOF, so
+        there's no reason to keep the transport open by returning :obj:`True`.
+
+        Besides, that doesn't work on TLS connections.
+
+        """
+        self.reader.feed_eof()
+
+
+def broadcast(websockets: Iterable[WebSocketCommonProtocol], message: Data) -> None:
+    """
+    Broadcast a message to several WebSocket connections.
+
+    A string (:class:`str`) is sent as a Text_ frame. A bytestring or
+    bytes-like object (:class:`bytes`, :class:`bytearray`, or
+    :class:`memoryview`) is sent as a Binary_ frame.
+
+    .. _Text: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.6
+    .. _Binary: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.6
+
+    :func:`broadcast` pushes the message synchronously to all connections even
+    if their write buffers are overflowing. There's no backpressure.
+
+    :func:`broadcast` skips silently connections that aren't open in order to
+    avoid errors on connections where the closing handshake is in progress.
+
+    If you broadcast messages faster than a connection can handle them,
+    messages will pile up in its write buffer until the connection times out.
+    Keep low values for ``ping_interval`` and ``ping_timeout`` to prevent
+    excessive memory usage by slow connections when you use :func:`broadcast`.
+
+    Unlike :meth:`~websockets.server.WebSocketServerProtocol.send`,
+    :func:`broadcast` doesn't support sending fragmented messages. Indeed,
+    fragmentation is useful for sending large messages without buffering
+    them in memory, while :func:`broadcast` buffers one copy per connection
+    as fast as possible.
+
+    Args:
+        websockets (Iterable[WebSocketCommonProtocol]): WebSocket connections
+            to which the message will be sent.
+        message (Data): message to send.
+
+    Raises:
+        RuntimeError: if a connection is busy sending a fragmented message.
+        TypeError: if ``message`` doesn't have a supported type.
+
+    """
+    if not isinstance(message, (str, bytes, bytearray, memoryview)):
+        raise TypeError("data must be str or bytes-like")
+
+    opcode, data = prepare_data(message)
+
+    for websocket in websockets:
+        if websocket.state is not State.OPEN:
+            continue
+
+        if websocket._fragmented_message_waiter is not None:
+            raise RuntimeError("busy sending a fragmented message")
+
+        websocket.write_frame_sync(True, opcode, data)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/server.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/server.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea5b0d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/legacy/server.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1154 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import email.utils
+import functools
+import http
+import inspect
+import logging
+import socket
+import warnings
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Awaitable,
+    Callable,
+    Generator,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from ..connection import State
+from ..datastructures import Headers, HeadersLike, MultipleValuesError
+from ..exceptions import (
+    AbortHandshake,
+    InvalidHandshake,
+    InvalidHeader,
+    InvalidMessage,
+    InvalidOrigin,
+    InvalidUpgrade,
+    NegotiationError,
+)
+from ..extensions import Extension, ServerExtensionFactory
+from ..extensions.permessage_deflate import enable_server_permessage_deflate
+from ..headers import (
+    build_extension,
+    parse_extension,
+    parse_subprotocol,
+    validate_subprotocols,
+)
+from ..http import USER_AGENT
+from ..typing import ExtensionHeader, LoggerLike, Origin, Subprotocol
+from .compatibility import loop_if_py_lt_38
+from .handshake import build_response, check_request
+from .http import read_request
+from .protocol import WebSocketCommonProtocol
+
+
+__all__ = ["serve", "unix_serve", "WebSocketServerProtocol", "WebSocketServer"]
+
+
+HeadersLikeOrCallable = Union[HeadersLike, Callable[[str, Headers], HeadersLike]]
+
+HTTPResponse = Tuple[http.HTTPStatus, HeadersLike, bytes]
+
+
+class WebSocketServerProtocol(WebSocketCommonProtocol):
+    """
+    WebSocket server connection.
+
+    :class:`WebSocketServerProtocol` provides :meth:`recv` and :meth:`send`
+    coroutines for receiving and sending messages.
+
+    It supports asynchronous iteration to receive messages::
+
+        async for message in websocket:
+            await process(message)
+
+    The iterator exits normally when the connection is closed with close code
+    1000 (OK) or 1001 (going away). It raises
+    a :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedError` when the connection
+    is closed with any other code.
+
+    You may customize the opening handshake in a subclass by
+    overriding :meth:`process_request` or :meth:`select_subprotocol`.
+
+    Args:
+        ws_server: WebSocket server that created this connection.
+
+    See :func:`serve` for the documentation of ``ws_handler``, ``logger``, ``origins``,
+    ``extensions``, ``subprotocols``, and ``extra_headers``.
+
+    See :class:`~websockets.legacy.protocol.WebSocketCommonProtocol` for the
+    documentation of ``ping_interval``, ``ping_timeout``, ``close_timeout``,
+    ``max_size``, ``max_queue``, ``read_limit``, and ``write_limit``.
+
+    """
+
+    is_client = False
+    side = "server"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        ws_handler: Union[
+            Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol], Awaitable[Any]],
+            Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol, str], Awaitable[Any]],  # deprecated
+        ],
+        ws_server: WebSocketServer,
+        *,
+        logger: Optional[LoggerLike] = None,
+        origins: Optional[Sequence[Optional[Origin]]] = None,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[ServerExtensionFactory]] = None,
+        subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]] = None,
+        extra_headers: Optional[HeadersLikeOrCallable] = None,
+        process_request: Optional[
+            Callable[[str, Headers], Awaitable[Optional[HTTPResponse]]]
+        ] = None,
+        select_subprotocol: Optional[
+            Callable[[Sequence[Subprotocol], Sequence[Subprotocol]], Subprotocol]
+        ] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        if logger is None:
+            logger = logging.getLogger("websockets.server")
+        super().__init__(logger=logger, **kwargs)
+        # For backwards compatibility with 6.0 or earlier.
+        if origins is not None and "" in origins:
+            warnings.warn("use None instead of '' in origins", DeprecationWarning)
+            origins = [None if origin == "" else origin for origin in origins]
+        # For backwards compatibility with 10.0 or earlier. Done here in
+        # addition to serve to trigger the deprecation warning on direct
+        # use of WebSocketServerProtocol.
+        self.ws_handler = remove_path_argument(ws_handler)
+        self.ws_server = ws_server
+        self.origins = origins
+        self.available_extensions = extensions
+        self.available_subprotocols = subprotocols
+        self.extra_headers = extra_headers
+        self._process_request = process_request
+        self._select_subprotocol = select_subprotocol
+
+    def connection_made(self, transport: asyncio.BaseTransport) -> None:
+        """
+        Register connection and initialize a task to handle it.
+
+        """
+        super().connection_made(transport)
+        # Register the connection with the server before creating the handler
+        # task. Registering at the beginning of the handler coroutine would
+        # create a race condition between the creation of the task, which
+        # schedules its execution, and the moment the handler starts running.
+        self.ws_server.register(self)
+        self.handler_task = self.loop.create_task(self.handler())
+
+    async def handler(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Handle the lifecycle of a WebSocket connection.
+
+        Since this method doesn't have a caller able to handle exceptions, it
+        attemps to log relevant ones and guarantees that the TCP connection is
+        closed before exiting.
+
+        """
+        try:
+
+            try:
+                await self.handshake(
+                    origins=self.origins,
+                    available_extensions=self.available_extensions,
+                    available_subprotocols=self.available_subprotocols,
+                    extra_headers=self.extra_headers,
+                )
+            # Remove this branch when dropping support for Python < 3.8
+            # because CancelledError no longer inherits Exception.
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:  # pragma: no cover
+                raise
+            except ConnectionError:
+                raise
+            except Exception as exc:
+                if isinstance(exc, AbortHandshake):
+                    status, headers, body = exc.status, exc.headers, exc.body
+                elif isinstance(exc, InvalidOrigin):
+                    if self.debug:
+                        self.logger.debug("! invalid origin", exc_info=True)
+                    status, headers, body = (
+                        http.HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+                        Headers(),
+                        f"Failed to open a WebSocket connection: {exc}.\n".encode(),
+                    )
+                elif isinstance(exc, InvalidUpgrade):
+                    if self.debug:
+                        self.logger.debug("! invalid upgrade", exc_info=True)
+                    status, headers, body = (
+                        http.HTTPStatus.UPGRADE_REQUIRED,
+                        Headers([("Upgrade", "websocket")]),
+                        (
+                            f"Failed to open a WebSocket connection: {exc}.\n"
+                            f"\n"
+                            f"You cannot access a WebSocket server directly "
+                            f"with a browser. You need a WebSocket client.\n"
+                        ).encode(),
+                    )
+                elif isinstance(exc, InvalidHandshake):
+                    if self.debug:
+                        self.logger.debug("! invalid handshake", exc_info=True)
+                    status, headers, body = (
+                        http.HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                        Headers(),
+                        f"Failed to open a WebSocket connection: {exc}.\n".encode(),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    self.logger.error("opening handshake failed", exc_info=True)
+                    status, headers, body = (
+                        http.HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                        Headers(),
+                        (
+                            b"Failed to open a WebSocket connection.\n"
+                            b"See server log for more information.\n"
+                        ),
+                    )
+
+                headers.setdefault("Date", email.utils.formatdate(usegmt=True))
+                headers.setdefault("Server", USER_AGENT)
+                headers.setdefault("Content-Length", str(len(body)))
+                headers.setdefault("Content-Type", "text/plain")
+                headers.setdefault("Connection", "close")
+
+                self.write_http_response(status, headers, body)
+                self.logger.info(
+                    "connection failed (%d %s)", status.value, status.phrase
+                )
+                await self.close_transport()
+                return
+
+            try:
+                await self.ws_handler(self)
+            except Exception:
+                self.logger.error("connection handler failed", exc_info=True)
+                if not self.closed:
+                    self.fail_connection(1011)
+                raise
+
+            try:
+                await self.close()
+            except ConnectionError:
+                raise
+            except Exception:
+                self.logger.error("closing handshake failed", exc_info=True)
+                raise
+
+        except Exception:
+            # Last-ditch attempt to avoid leaking connections on errors.
+            try:
+                self.transport.close()
+            except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+                pass
+
+        finally:
+            # Unregister the connection with the server when the handler task
+            # terminates. Registration is tied to the lifecycle of the handler
+            # task because the server waits for tasks attached to registered
+            # connections before terminating.
+            self.ws_server.unregister(self)
+            self.logger.info("connection closed")
+
+    async def read_http_request(self) -> Tuple[str, Headers]:
+        """
+        Read request line and headers from the HTTP request.
+
+        If the request contains a body, it may be read from ``self.reader``
+        after this coroutine returns.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidMessage: if the HTTP message is malformed or isn't an
+                HTTP/1.1 GET request.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            path, headers = await read_request(self.reader)
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise InvalidMessage("did not receive a valid HTTP request") from exc
+
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("< GET %s HTTP/1.1", path)
+            for key, value in headers.raw_items():
+                self.logger.debug("< %s: %s", key, value)
+
+        self.path = path
+        self.request_headers = headers
+
+        return path, headers
+
+    def write_http_response(
+        self, status: http.HTTPStatus, headers: Headers, body: Optional[bytes] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Write status line and headers to the HTTP response.
+
+        This coroutine is also able to write a response body.
+
+        """
+        self.response_headers = headers
+
+        if self.debug:
+            self.logger.debug("> HTTP/1.1 %d %s", status.value, status.phrase)
+            for key, value in headers.raw_items():
+                self.logger.debug("> %s: %s", key, value)
+            if body is not None:
+                self.logger.debug("> [body] (%d bytes)", len(body))
+
+        # Since the status line and headers only contain ASCII characters,
+        # we can keep this simple.
+        response = f"HTTP/1.1 {status.value} {status.phrase}\r\n"
+        response += str(headers)
+
+        self.transport.write(response.encode())
+
+        if body is not None:
+            self.transport.write(body)
+
+    async def process_request(
+        self, path: str, request_headers: Headers
+    ) -> Optional[HTTPResponse]:
+        """
+        Intercept the HTTP request and return an HTTP response if appropriate.
+
+        You may override this method in a :class:`WebSocketServerProtocol`
+        subclass, for example:
+
+        * to return a HTTP 200 OK response on a given path; then a load
+          balancer can use this path for a health check;
+        * to authenticate the request and return a HTTP 401 Unauthorized or a
+          HTTP 403 Forbidden when authentication fails.
+
+        You may also override this method with the ``process_request``
+        argument of :func:`serve` and :class:`WebSocketServerProtocol`. This
+        is equivalent, except ``process_request`` won't have access to the
+        protocol instance, so it can't store information for later use.
+
+        :meth:`process_request` is expected to complete quickly. If it may run
+        for a long time, then it should await :meth:`wait_closed` and exit if
+        :meth:`wait_closed` completes, or else it could prevent the server
+        from shutting down.
+
+        Args:
+            path: request path, including optional query string.
+            request_headers: request headers.
+
+        Returns:
+            Optional[Tuple[http.HTTPStatus, HeadersLike, bytes]]: :obj:`None`
+            to continue the WebSocket handshake normally.
+
+            An HTTP response, represented by a 3-uple of the response status,
+            headers, and body, to abort the WebSocket handshake and return
+            that HTTP response instead.
+
+        """
+        if self._process_request is not None:
+            response = self._process_request(path, request_headers)
+            if isinstance(response, Awaitable):
+                return await response
+            else:
+                # For backwards compatibility with 7.0.
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "declare process_request as a coroutine", DeprecationWarning
+                )
+                return response
+        return None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def process_origin(
+        headers: Headers, origins: Optional[Sequence[Optional[Origin]]] = None
+    ) -> Optional[Origin]:
+        """
+        Handle the Origin HTTP request header.
+
+        Args:
+            headers: request headers.
+            origins: optional list of acceptable origins.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidOrigin: if the origin isn't acceptable.
+
+        """
+        # "The user agent MUST NOT include more than one Origin header field"
+        # per https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6454.html#section-7.3.
+        try:
+            origin = cast(Optional[Origin], headers.get("Origin"))
+        except MultipleValuesError as exc:
+            raise InvalidHeader("Origin", "more than one Origin header found") from exc
+        if origins is not None:
+            if origin not in origins:
+                raise InvalidOrigin(origin)
+        return origin
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def process_extensions(
+        headers: Headers,
+        available_extensions: Optional[Sequence[ServerExtensionFactory]],
+    ) -> Tuple[Optional[str], List[Extension]]:
+        """
+        Handle the Sec-WebSocket-Extensions HTTP request header.
+
+        Accept or reject each extension proposed in the client request.
+        Negotiate parameters for accepted extensions.
+
+        Return the Sec-WebSocket-Extensions HTTP response header and the list
+        of accepted extensions.
+
+        :rfc:`6455` leaves the rules up to the specification of each
+        :extension.
+
+        To provide this level of flexibility, for each extension proposed by
+        the client, we check for a match with each extension available in the
+        server configuration. If no match is found, the extension is ignored.
+
+        If several variants of the same extension are proposed by the client,
+        it may be accepted several times, which won't make sense in general.
+        Extensions must implement their own requirements. For this purpose,
+        the list of previously accepted extensions is provided.
+
+        This process doesn't allow the server to reorder extensions. It can
+        only select a subset of the extensions proposed by the client.
+
+        Other requirements, for example related to mandatory extensions or the
+        order of extensions, may be implemented by overriding this method.
+
+        Args:
+            headers: request headers.
+            extensions: optional list of supported extensions.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidHandshake: to abort the handshake with an HTTP 400 error.
+
+        """
+        response_header_value: Optional[str] = None
+
+        extension_headers: List[ExtensionHeader] = []
+        accepted_extensions: List[Extension] = []
+
+        header_values = headers.get_all("Sec-WebSocket-Extensions")
+
+        if header_values and available_extensions:
+
+            parsed_header_values: List[ExtensionHeader] = sum(
+                [parse_extension(header_value) for header_value in header_values], []
+            )
+
+            for name, request_params in parsed_header_values:
+
+                for ext_factory in available_extensions:
+
+                    # Skip non-matching extensions based on their name.
+                    if ext_factory.name != name:
+                        continue
+
+                    # Skip non-matching extensions based on their params.
+                    try:
+                        response_params, extension = ext_factory.process_request_params(
+                            request_params, accepted_extensions
+                        )
+                    except NegotiationError:
+                        continue
+
+                    # Add matching extension to the final list.
+                    extension_headers.append((name, response_params))
+                    accepted_extensions.append(extension)
+
+                    # Break out of the loop once we have a match.
+                    break
+
+                # If we didn't break from the loop, no extension in our list
+                # matched what the client sent. The extension is declined.
+
+        # Serialize extension header.
+        if extension_headers:
+            response_header_value = build_extension(extension_headers)
+
+        return response_header_value, accepted_extensions
+
+    # Not @staticmethod because it calls self.select_subprotocol()
+    def process_subprotocol(
+        self, headers: Headers, available_subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]]
+    ) -> Optional[Subprotocol]:
+        """
+        Handle the Sec-WebSocket-Protocol HTTP request header.
+
+        Return Sec-WebSocket-Protocol HTTP response header, which is the same
+        as the selected subprotocol.
+
+        Args:
+            headers: request headers.
+            available_subprotocols: optional list of supported subprotocols.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidHandshake: to abort the handshake with an HTTP 400 error.
+
+        """
+        subprotocol: Optional[Subprotocol] = None
+
+        header_values = headers.get_all("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol")
+
+        if header_values and available_subprotocols:
+
+            parsed_header_values: List[Subprotocol] = sum(
+                [parse_subprotocol(header_value) for header_value in header_values], []
+            )
+
+            subprotocol = self.select_subprotocol(
+                parsed_header_values, available_subprotocols
+            )
+
+        return subprotocol
+
+    def select_subprotocol(
+        self,
+        client_subprotocols: Sequence[Subprotocol],
+        server_subprotocols: Sequence[Subprotocol],
+    ) -> Optional[Subprotocol]:
+        """
+        Pick a subprotocol among those offered by the client.
+
+        If several subprotocols are supported by the client and the server,
+        the default implementation selects the preferred subprotocol by
+        giving equal value to the priorities of the client and the server.
+        If no subprotocol is supported by the client and the server, it
+        proceeds without a subprotocol.
+
+        This is unlikely to be the most useful implementation in practice.
+        Many servers providing a subprotocol will require that the client
+        uses that subprotocol. Such rules can be implemented in a subclass.
+
+        You may also override this method with the ``select_subprotocol``
+        argument of :func:`serve` and :class:`WebSocketServerProtocol`.
+
+        Args:
+            client_subprotocols: list of subprotocols offered by the client.
+            server_subprotocols: list of subprotocols available on the server.
+
+        Returns:
+            Optional[Subprotocol]: Selected subprotocol.
+
+            :obj:`None` to continue without a subprotocol.
+
+
+        """
+        if self._select_subprotocol is not None:
+            return self._select_subprotocol(client_subprotocols, server_subprotocols)
+
+        subprotocols = set(client_subprotocols) & set(server_subprotocols)
+        if not subprotocols:
+            return None
+        priority = lambda p: (
+            client_subprotocols.index(p) + server_subprotocols.index(p)
+        )
+        return sorted(subprotocols, key=priority)[0]
+
+    async def handshake(
+        self,
+        origins: Optional[Sequence[Optional[Origin]]] = None,
+        available_extensions: Optional[Sequence[ServerExtensionFactory]] = None,
+        available_subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]] = None,
+        extra_headers: Optional[HeadersLikeOrCallable] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Perform the server side of the opening handshake.
+
+        Args:
+            origins: list of acceptable values of the Origin HTTP header;
+                include :obj:`None` if the lack of an origin is acceptable.
+            extensions: list of supported extensions, in order in which they
+                should be tried.
+            subprotocols: list of supported subprotocols, in order of
+                decreasing preference.
+            extra_headers: arbitrary HTTP headers to add to the response when
+                the handshake succeeds.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: path of the URI of the request.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidHandshake: if the handshake fails.
+
+        """
+        path, request_headers = await self.read_http_request()
+
+        # Hook for customizing request handling, for example checking
+        # authentication or treating some paths as plain HTTP endpoints.
+        early_response_awaitable = self.process_request(path, request_headers)
+        if isinstance(early_response_awaitable, Awaitable):
+            early_response = await early_response_awaitable
+        else:
+            # For backwards compatibility with 7.0.
+            warnings.warn("declare process_request as a coroutine", DeprecationWarning)
+            early_response = early_response_awaitable
+
+        # The connection may drop while process_request is running.
+        if self.state is State.CLOSED:
+            raise self.connection_closed_exc()  # pragma: no cover
+
+        # Change the response to a 503 error if the server is shutting down.
+        if not self.ws_server.is_serving():
+            early_response = (
+                http.HTTPStatus.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
+                [],
+                b"Server is shutting down.\n",
+            )
+
+        if early_response is not None:
+            raise AbortHandshake(*early_response)
+
+        key = check_request(request_headers)
+
+        self.origin = self.process_origin(request_headers, origins)
+
+        extensions_header, self.extensions = self.process_extensions(
+            request_headers, available_extensions
+        )
+
+        protocol_header = self.subprotocol = self.process_subprotocol(
+            request_headers, available_subprotocols
+        )
+
+        response_headers = Headers()
+
+        build_response(response_headers, key)
+
+        if extensions_header is not None:
+            response_headers["Sec-WebSocket-Extensions"] = extensions_header
+
+        if protocol_header is not None:
+            response_headers["Sec-WebSocket-Protocol"] = protocol_header
+
+        if callable(extra_headers):
+            extra_headers = extra_headers(path, self.request_headers)
+        if extra_headers is not None:
+            response_headers.update(extra_headers)
+
+        response_headers.setdefault("Date", email.utils.formatdate(usegmt=True))
+        response_headers.setdefault("Server", USER_AGENT)
+
+        self.write_http_response(http.HTTPStatus.SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS, response_headers)
+
+        self.logger.info("connection open")
+
+        self.connection_open()
+
+        return path
+
+
+class WebSocketServer:
+    """
+    WebSocket server returned by :func:`serve`.
+
+    This class provides the same interface as :class:`~asyncio.Server`,
+    notably the :meth:`~asyncio.Server.close`
+    and :meth:`~asyncio.Server.wait_closed` methods.
+
+    It keeps track of WebSocket connections in order to close them properly
+    when shutting down.
+
+    Args:
+        logger: logger for this server;
+            defaults to ``logging.getLogger("websockets.server")``;
+            see the :doc:`logging guide <../topics/logging>` for details.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, logger: Optional[LoggerLike] = None):
+        if logger is None:
+            logger = logging.getLogger("websockets.server")
+        self.logger = logger
+
+        # Keep track of active connections.
+        self.websockets: Set[WebSocketServerProtocol] = set()
+
+        # Task responsible for closing the server and terminating connections.
+        self.close_task: Optional[asyncio.Task[None]] = None
+
+        # Completed when the server is closed and connections are terminated.
+        self.closed_waiter: asyncio.Future[None]
+
+    def wrap(self, server: asyncio.base_events.Server) -> None:
+        """
+        Attach to a given :class:`~asyncio.Server`.
+
+        Since :meth:`~asyncio.loop.create_server` doesn't support injecting a
+        custom ``Server`` class, the easiest solution that doesn't rely on
+        private :mod:`asyncio` APIs is to:
+
+        - instantiate a :class:`WebSocketServer`
+        - give the protocol factory a reference to that instance
+        - call :meth:`~asyncio.loop.create_server` with the factory
+        - attach the resulting :class:`~asyncio.Server` with this method
+
+        """
+        self.server = server
+        for sock in server.sockets:
+            if sock.family == socket.AF_INET:
+                name = "%s:%d" % sock.getsockname()
+            elif sock.family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                name = "[%s]:%d" % sock.getsockname()[:2]
+            elif sock.family == socket.AF_UNIX:
+                name = sock.getsockname()
+            # In the unlikely event that someone runs websockets over a
+            # protocol other than IP or Unix sockets, avoid crashing.
+            else:  # pragma: no cover
+                name = str(sock.getsockname())
+            self.logger.info("server listening on %s", name)
+
+        # Initialized here because we need a reference to the event loop.
+        # This should be moved back to __init__ in Python 3.10.
+        self.closed_waiter = server.get_loop().create_future()
+
+    def register(self, protocol: WebSocketServerProtocol) -> None:
+        """
+        Register a connection with this server.
+
+        """
+        self.websockets.add(protocol)
+
+    def unregister(self, protocol: WebSocketServerProtocol) -> None:
+        """
+        Unregister a connection with this server.
+
+        """
+        self.websockets.remove(protocol)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the server.
+
+        This method:
+
+        * closes the underlying :class:`~asyncio.Server`;
+        * rejects new WebSocket connections with an HTTP 503 (service
+          unavailable) error; this happens when the server accepted the TCP
+          connection but didn't complete the WebSocket opening handshake prior
+          to closing;
+        * closes open WebSocket connections with close code 1001 (going away).
+
+        :meth:`close` is idempotent.
+
+        """
+        if self.close_task is None:
+            self.close_task = self.get_loop().create_task(self._close())
+
+    async def _close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Implementation of :meth:`close`.
+
+        This calls :meth:`~asyncio.Server.close` on the underlying
+        :class:`~asyncio.Server` object to stop accepting new connections and
+        then closes open connections with close code 1001.
+
+        """
+        self.logger.info("server closing")
+
+        # Stop accepting new connections.
+        self.server.close()
+
+        # Wait until self.server.close() completes.
+        await self.server.wait_closed()
+
+        # Wait until all accepted connections reach connection_made() and call
+        # register(). See https://bugs.python.org/issue34852 for details.
+        await asyncio.sleep(0, **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.get_loop()))
+
+        # Close OPEN connections with status code 1001. Since the server was
+        # closed, handshake() closes OPENING connections with a HTTP 503
+        # error. Wait until all connections are closed.
+
+        # asyncio.wait doesn't accept an empty first argument
+        if self.websockets:
+            await asyncio.wait(
+                [
+                    asyncio.create_task(websocket.close(1001))
+                    for websocket in self.websockets
+                ],
+                **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.get_loop()),
+            )
+
+        # Wait until all connection handlers are complete.
+
+        # asyncio.wait doesn't accept an empty first argument.
+        if self.websockets:
+            await asyncio.wait(
+                [websocket.handler_task for websocket in self.websockets],
+                **loop_if_py_lt_38(self.get_loop()),
+            )
+
+        # Tell wait_closed() to return.
+        self.closed_waiter.set_result(None)
+
+        self.logger.info("server closed")
+
+    async def wait_closed(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Wait until the server is closed.
+
+        When :meth:`wait_closed` returns, all TCP connections are closed and
+        all connection handlers have returned.
+
+        To ensure a fast shutdown, a connection handler should always be
+        awaiting at least one of:
+
+        * :meth:`~WebSocketServerProtocol.recv`: when the connection is closed,
+          it raises :exc:`~websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedOK`;
+        * :meth:`~WebSocketServerProtocol.wait_closed`: when the connection is
+          closed, it returns.
+
+        Then the connection handler is immediately notified of the shutdown;
+        it can clean up and exit.
+
+        """
+        await asyncio.shield(self.closed_waiter)
+
+    def get_loop(self) -> asyncio.AbstractEventLoop:
+        """
+        See :meth:`asyncio.Server.get_loop`.
+
+        """
+        return self.server.get_loop()
+
+    def is_serving(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        See :meth:`asyncio.Server.is_serving`.
+
+        """
+        return self.server.is_serving()
+
+    async def start_serving(self) -> None:
+        """
+        See :meth:`asyncio.Server.start_serving`.
+
+        """
+        await self.server.start_serving()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def serve_forever(self) -> None:
+        """
+        See :meth:`asyncio.Server.serve_forever`.
+
+        """
+        await self.server.serve_forever()  # pragma: no cover
+
+    @property
+    def sockets(self) -> Iterable[socket.socket]:
+        """
+        See :attr:`asyncio.Server.sockets`.
+
+        """
+        return self.server.sockets
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> WebSocketServer:
+        return self  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_value: Optional[BaseException],
+        traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.close()  # pragma: no cover
+        await self.wait_closed()  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+class Serve:
+    """
+    Start a WebSocket server listening on ``host`` and ``port``.
+
+    Whenever a client connects, the server creates a
+    :class:`WebSocketServerProtocol`, performs the opening handshake, and
+    delegates to the connection handler, ``ws_handler``.
+
+    The handler receives the :class:`WebSocketServerProtocol` and uses it to
+    send and receive messages.
+
+    Once the handler completes, either normally or with an exception, the
+    server performs the closing handshake and closes the connection.
+
+    Awaiting :func:`serve` yields a :class:`WebSocketServer`. This object
+    provides :meth:`~WebSocketServer.close` and
+    :meth:`~WebSocketServer.wait_closed` methods for shutting down the server.
+
+    :func:`serve` can be used as an asynchronous context manager::
+
+        stop = asyncio.Future()  # set this future to exit the server
+
+        async with serve(...):
+            await stop
+
+    The server is shut down automatically when exiting the context.
+
+    Args:
+        ws_handler: connection handler. It receives the WebSocket connection,
+            which is a :class:`WebSocketServerProtocol`, in argument.
+        host: network interfaces the server is bound to;
+            see :meth:`~asyncio.loop.create_server` for details.
+        port: TCP port the server listens on;
+            see :meth:`~asyncio.loop.create_server` for details.
+        create_protocol: factory for the :class:`asyncio.Protocol` managing
+            the connection; defaults to :class:`WebSocketServerProtocol`; may
+            be set to a wrapper or a subclass to customize connection handling.
+        logger: logger for this server;
+            defaults to ``logging.getLogger("websockets.server")``;
+            see the :doc:`logging guide <../topics/logging>` for details.
+        compression: shortcut that enables the "permessage-deflate" extension
+            by default; may be set to :obj:`None` to disable compression;
+            see the :doc:`compression guide <../topics/compression>` for details.
+        origins: acceptable values of the ``Origin`` header; include
+            :obj:`None` in the list if the lack of an origin is acceptable.
+            This is useful for defending against Cross-Site WebSocket
+            Hijacking attacks.
+        extensions: list of supported extensions, in order in which they
+            should be tried.
+        subprotocols: list of supported subprotocols, in order of decreasing
+            preference.
+        extra_headers (Union[HeadersLike, Callable[[str, Headers], HeadersLike]]):
+            arbitrary HTTP headers to add to the request; this can be
+            a :data:`~websockets.datastructures.HeadersLike` or a callable
+            taking the request path and headers in arguments and returning
+            a :data:`~websockets.datastructures.HeadersLike`.
+        process_request (Optional[Callable[[str, Headers], \
+            Awaitable[Optional[Tuple[http.HTTPStatus, HeadersLike, bytes]]]]]):
+            intercept HTTP request before the opening handshake;
+            see :meth:`~WebSocketServerProtocol.process_request` for details.
+        select_subprotocol: select a subprotocol supported by the client;
+            see :meth:`~WebSocketServerProtocol.select_subprotocol` for details.
+
+    See :class:`~websockets.legacy.protocol.WebSocketCommonProtocol` for the
+    documentation of ``ping_interval``, ``ping_timeout``, ``close_timeout``,
+    ``max_size``, ``max_queue``, ``read_limit``, and ``write_limit``.
+
+    Any other keyword arguments are passed the event loop's
+    :meth:`~asyncio.loop.create_server` method.
+
+    For example:
+
+    * You can set ``ssl`` to a :class:`~ssl.SSLContext` to enable TLS.
+
+    * You can set ``sock`` to a :obj:`~socket.socket` that you created
+      outside of websockets.
+
+    Returns:
+        WebSocketServer: WebSocket server.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        ws_handler: Union[
+            Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol], Awaitable[Any]],
+            Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol, str], Awaitable[Any]],  # deprecated
+        ],
+        host: Optional[Union[str, Sequence[str]]] = None,
+        port: Optional[int] = None,
+        *,
+        create_protocol: Optional[Callable[[Any], WebSocketServerProtocol]] = None,
+        logger: Optional[LoggerLike] = None,
+        compression: Optional[str] = "deflate",
+        origins: Optional[Sequence[Optional[Origin]]] = None,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[ServerExtensionFactory]] = None,
+        subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]] = None,
+        extra_headers: Optional[HeadersLikeOrCallable] = None,
+        process_request: Optional[
+            Callable[[str, Headers], Awaitable[Optional[HTTPResponse]]]
+        ] = None,
+        select_subprotocol: Optional[
+            Callable[[Sequence[Subprotocol], Sequence[Subprotocol]], Subprotocol]
+        ] = None,
+        ping_interval: Optional[float] = 20,
+        ping_timeout: Optional[float] = 20,
+        close_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = 2**20,
+        max_queue: Optional[int] = 2**5,
+        read_limit: int = 2**16,
+        write_limit: int = 2**16,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        # Backwards compatibility: close_timeout used to be called timeout.
+        timeout: Optional[float] = kwargs.pop("timeout", None)
+        if timeout is None:
+            timeout = 10
+        else:
+            warnings.warn("rename timeout to close_timeout", DeprecationWarning)
+        # If both are specified, timeout is ignored.
+        if close_timeout is None:
+            close_timeout = timeout
+
+        # Backwards compatibility: create_protocol used to be called klass.
+        klass: Optional[Type[WebSocketServerProtocol]] = kwargs.pop("klass", None)
+        if klass is None:
+            klass = WebSocketServerProtocol
+        else:
+            warnings.warn("rename klass to create_protocol", DeprecationWarning)
+        # If both are specified, klass is ignored.
+        if create_protocol is None:
+            create_protocol = klass
+
+        # Backwards compatibility: recv() used to return None on closed connections
+        legacy_recv: bool = kwargs.pop("legacy_recv", False)
+
+        # Backwards compatibility: the loop parameter used to be supported.
+        _loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = kwargs.pop("loop", None)
+        if _loop is None:
+            loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+        else:
+            loop = _loop
+            warnings.warn("remove loop argument", DeprecationWarning)
+
+        ws_server = WebSocketServer(logger=logger)
+
+        secure = kwargs.get("ssl") is not None
+
+        if compression == "deflate":
+            extensions = enable_server_permessage_deflate(extensions)
+        elif compression is not None:
+            raise ValueError(f"unsupported compression: {compression}")
+
+        if subprotocols is not None:
+            validate_subprotocols(subprotocols)
+
+        factory = functools.partial(
+            create_protocol,
+            # For backwards compatibility with 10.0 or earlier. Done here in
+            # addition to WebSocketServerProtocol to trigger the deprecation
+            # warning once per serve() call rather than once per connection.
+            remove_path_argument(ws_handler),
+            ws_server,
+            host=host,
+            port=port,
+            secure=secure,
+            ping_interval=ping_interval,
+            ping_timeout=ping_timeout,
+            close_timeout=close_timeout,
+            max_size=max_size,
+            max_queue=max_queue,
+            read_limit=read_limit,
+            write_limit=write_limit,
+            loop=_loop,
+            legacy_recv=legacy_recv,
+            origins=origins,
+            extensions=extensions,
+            subprotocols=subprotocols,
+            extra_headers=extra_headers,
+            process_request=process_request,
+            select_subprotocol=select_subprotocol,
+            logger=logger,
+        )
+
+        if kwargs.pop("unix", False):
+            path: Optional[str] = kwargs.pop("path", None)
+            # unix_serve(path) must not specify host and port parameters.
+            assert host is None and port is None
+            create_server = functools.partial(
+                loop.create_unix_server, factory, path, **kwargs
+            )
+        else:
+            create_server = functools.partial(
+                loop.create_server, factory, host, port, **kwargs
+            )
+
+        # This is a coroutine function.
+        self._create_server = create_server
+        self.ws_server = ws_server
+
+    # async with serve(...)
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> WebSocketServer:
+        return await self
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        exc_value: Optional[BaseException],
+        traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.ws_server.close()
+        await self.ws_server.wait_closed()
+
+    # await serve(...)
+
+    def __await__(self) -> Generator[Any, None, WebSocketServer]:
+        # Create a suitable iterator by calling __await__ on a coroutine.
+        return self.__await_impl__().__await__()
+
+    async def __await_impl__(self) -> WebSocketServer:
+        server = await self._create_server()
+        self.ws_server.wrap(server)
+        return self.ws_server
+
+    # yield from serve(...) - remove when dropping Python < 3.10
+
+    __iter__ = __await__
+
+
+serve = Serve
+
+
+def unix_serve(
+    ws_handler: Union[
+        Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol], Awaitable[Any]],
+        Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol, str], Awaitable[Any]],  # deprecated
+    ],
+    path: Optional[str] = None,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> Serve:
+    """
+    Similar to :func:`serve`, but for listening on Unix sockets.
+
+    This function builds upon the event
+    loop's :meth:`~asyncio.loop.create_unix_server` method.
+
+    It is only available on Unix.
+
+    It's useful for deploying a server behind a reverse proxy such as nginx.
+
+    Args:
+        path: file system path to the Unix socket.
+
+    """
+    return serve(ws_handler, path=path, unix=True, **kwargs)
+
+
+def remove_path_argument(
+    ws_handler: Union[
+        Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol], Awaitable[Any]],
+        Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol, str], Awaitable[Any]],
+    ]
+) -> Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol], Awaitable[Any]]:
+    try:
+        inspect.signature(ws_handler).bind(None)
+    except TypeError:
+        try:
+            inspect.signature(ws_handler).bind(None, "")
+        except TypeError:  # pragma: no cover
+            # ws_handler accepts neither one nor two arguments; leave it alone.
+            pass
+        else:
+            # ws_handler accepts two arguments; activate backwards compatibility.
+
+            # Enable deprecation warning and announce deprecation in 11.0.
+            # warnings.warn("remove second argument of ws_handler", DeprecationWarning)
+
+            async def _ws_handler(websocket: WebSocketServerProtocol) -> Any:
+                return await cast(
+                    Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol, str], Awaitable[Any]],
+                    ws_handler,
+                )(websocket, websocket.path)
+
+            return _ws_handler
+
+    return cast(
+        Callable[[WebSocketServerProtocol], Awaitable[Any]],
+        ws_handler,
+    )
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/py.typed b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/server.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/server.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb0e0d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/server.py
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import binascii
+import email.utils
+import http
+from typing import Generator, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, cast
+
+from .connection import CONNECTING, OPEN, SERVER, Connection, State
+from .datastructures import Headers, MultipleValuesError
+from .exceptions import (
+    InvalidHandshake,
+    InvalidHeader,
+    InvalidHeaderValue,
+    InvalidOrigin,
+    InvalidUpgrade,
+    NegotiationError,
+)
+from .extensions import Extension, ServerExtensionFactory
+from .headers import (
+    build_extension,
+    parse_connection,
+    parse_extension,
+    parse_subprotocol,
+    parse_upgrade,
+)
+from .http import USER_AGENT
+from .http11 import Request, Response
+from .typing import (
+    ConnectionOption,
+    ExtensionHeader,
+    LoggerLike,
+    Origin,
+    Subprotocol,
+    UpgradeProtocol,
+)
+from .utils import accept_key
+
+
+# See #940 for why lazy_import isn't used here for backwards compatibility.
+from .legacy.server import *  # isort:skip  # noqa
+
+
+__all__ = ["ServerConnection"]
+
+
+class ServerConnection(Connection):
+    """
+    Sans-I/O implementation of a WebSocket server connection.
+
+    Args:
+        origins: acceptable values of the ``Origin`` header; include
+            :obj:`None` in the list if the lack of an origin is acceptable.
+            This is useful for defending against Cross-Site WebSocket
+            Hijacking attacks.
+        extensions: list of supported extensions, in order in which they
+            should be tried.
+        subprotocols: list of supported subprotocols, in order of decreasing
+            preference.
+        state: initial state of the WebSocket connection.
+        max_size: maximum size of incoming messages in bytes;
+            :obj:`None` to disable the limit.
+        logger: logger for this connection;
+            defaults to ``logging.getLogger("websockets.client")``;
+            see the :doc:`logging guide <../topics/logging>` for details.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        origins: Optional[Sequence[Optional[Origin]]] = None,
+        extensions: Optional[Sequence[ServerExtensionFactory]] = None,
+        subprotocols: Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]] = None,
+        state: State = CONNECTING,
+        max_size: Optional[int] = 2**20,
+        logger: Optional[LoggerLike] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            side=SERVER,
+            state=state,
+            max_size=max_size,
+            logger=logger,
+        )
+        self.origins = origins
+        self.available_extensions = extensions
+        self.available_subprotocols = subprotocols
+
+    def accept(self, request: Request) -> Response:
+        """
+        Create a handshake response to accept the connection.
+
+        If the connection cannot be established, the handshake response
+        actually rejects the handshake.
+
+        You must send the handshake response with :meth:`send_response`.
+
+        You can modify it before sending it, for example to add HTTP headers.
+
+        Args:
+            request: WebSocket handshake request event received from the client.
+
+        Returns:
+            Response: WebSocket handshake response event to send to the client.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            (
+                accept_header,
+                extensions_header,
+                protocol_header,
+            ) = self.process_request(request)
+        except InvalidOrigin as exc:
+            request.exception = exc
+            if self.debug:
+                self.logger.debug("! invalid origin", exc_info=True)
+            return self.reject(
+                http.HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+                f"Failed to open a WebSocket connection: {exc}.\n",
+            )
+        except InvalidUpgrade as exc:
+            request.exception = exc
+            if self.debug:
+                self.logger.debug("! invalid upgrade", exc_info=True)
+            response = self.reject(
+                http.HTTPStatus.UPGRADE_REQUIRED,
+                (
+                    f"Failed to open a WebSocket connection: {exc}.\n"
+                    f"\n"
+                    f"You cannot access a WebSocket server directly "
+                    f"with a browser. You need a WebSocket client.\n"
+                ),
+            )
+            response.headers["Upgrade"] = "websocket"
+            return response
+        except InvalidHandshake as exc:
+            request.exception = exc
+            if self.debug:
+                self.logger.debug("! invalid handshake", exc_info=True)
+            return self.reject(
+                http.HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                f"Failed to open a WebSocket connection: {exc}.\n",
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:
+            request.exception = exc
+            self.logger.error("opening handshake failed", exc_info=True)
+            return self.reject(
+                http.HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                (
+                    "Failed to open a WebSocket connection.\n"
+                    "See server log for more information.\n"
+                ),
+            )
+
+        headers = Headers()
+
+        headers["Date"] = email.utils.formatdate(usegmt=True)
+
+        headers["Upgrade"] = "websocket"
+        headers["Connection"] = "Upgrade"
+        headers["Sec-WebSocket-Accept"] = accept_header
+
+        if extensions_header is not None:
+            headers["Sec-WebSocket-Extensions"] = extensions_header
+
+        if protocol_header is not None:
+            headers["Sec-WebSocket-Protocol"] = protocol_header
+
+        headers["Server"] = USER_AGENT
+
+        self.logger.info("connection open")
+        return Response(101, "Switching Protocols", headers)
+
+    def process_request(
+        self, request: Request
+    ) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]]:
+        """
+        Check a handshake request and negotiate extensions and subprotocol.
+
+        This function doesn't verify that the request is an HTTP/1.1 or higher
+        GET request and doesn't check the ``Host`` header. These controls are
+        usually performed earlier in the HTTP request handling code. They're
+        the responsibility of the caller.
+
+        Args:
+            request: WebSocket handshake request received from the client.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]]:
+            ``Sec-WebSocket-Accept``, ``Sec-WebSocket-Extensions``, and
+            ``Sec-WebSocket-Protocol`` headers for the handshake response.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidHandshake: if the handshake request is invalid;
+                then the server must return 400 Bad Request error.
+
+        """
+        headers = request.headers
+
+        connection: List[ConnectionOption] = sum(
+            [parse_connection(value) for value in headers.get_all("Connection")], []
+        )
+
+        if not any(value.lower() == "upgrade" for value in connection):
+            raise InvalidUpgrade(
+                "Connection", ", ".join(connection) if connection else None
+            )
+
+        upgrade: List[UpgradeProtocol] = sum(
+            [parse_upgrade(value) for value in headers.get_all("Upgrade")], []
+        )
+
+        # For compatibility with non-strict implementations, ignore case when
+        # checking the Upgrade header. The RFC always uses "websocket", except
+        # in section 11.2. (IANA registration) where it uses "WebSocket".
+        if not (len(upgrade) == 1 and upgrade[0].lower() == "websocket"):
+            raise InvalidUpgrade("Upgrade", ", ".join(upgrade) if upgrade else None)
+
+        try:
+            key = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Key"]
+        except KeyError as exc:
+            raise InvalidHeader("Sec-WebSocket-Key") from exc
+        except MultipleValuesError as exc:
+            raise InvalidHeader(
+                "Sec-WebSocket-Key", "more than one Sec-WebSocket-Key header found"
+            ) from exc
+
+        try:
+            raw_key = base64.b64decode(key.encode(), validate=True)
+        except binascii.Error as exc:
+            raise InvalidHeaderValue("Sec-WebSocket-Key", key) from exc
+        if len(raw_key) != 16:
+            raise InvalidHeaderValue("Sec-WebSocket-Key", key)
+
+        try:
+            version = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Version"]
+        except KeyError as exc:
+            raise InvalidHeader("Sec-WebSocket-Version") from exc
+        except MultipleValuesError as exc:
+            raise InvalidHeader(
+                "Sec-WebSocket-Version",
+                "more than one Sec-WebSocket-Version header found",
+            ) from exc
+
+        if version != "13":
+            raise InvalidHeaderValue("Sec-WebSocket-Version", version)
+
+        accept_header = accept_key(key)
+
+        self.origin = self.process_origin(headers)
+
+        extensions_header, self.extensions = self.process_extensions(headers)
+
+        protocol_header = self.subprotocol = self.process_subprotocol(headers)
+
+        return (
+            accept_header,
+            extensions_header,
+            protocol_header,
+        )
+
+    def process_origin(self, headers: Headers) -> Optional[Origin]:
+        """
+        Handle the Origin HTTP request header.
+
+        Args:
+            headers: WebSocket handshake request headers.
+
+        Returns:
+           Optional[Origin]: origin, if it is acceptable.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidOrigin: if the origin isn't acceptable.
+
+        """
+        # "The user agent MUST NOT include more than one Origin header field"
+        # per https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6454.html#section-7.3.
+        try:
+            origin = cast(Optional[Origin], headers.get("Origin"))
+        except MultipleValuesError as exc:
+            raise InvalidHeader("Origin", "more than one Origin header found") from exc
+        if self.origins is not None:
+            if origin not in self.origins:
+                raise InvalidOrigin(origin)
+        return origin
+
+    def process_extensions(
+        self,
+        headers: Headers,
+    ) -> Tuple[Optional[str], List[Extension]]:
+        """
+        Handle the Sec-WebSocket-Extensions HTTP request header.
+
+        Accept or reject each extension proposed in the client request.
+        Negotiate parameters for accepted extensions.
+
+        :rfc:`6455` leaves the rules up to the specification of each
+        :extension.
+
+        To provide this level of flexibility, for each extension proposed by
+        the client, we check for a match with each extension available in the
+        server configuration. If no match is found, the extension is ignored.
+
+        If several variants of the same extension are proposed by the client,
+        it may be accepted several times, which won't make sense in general.
+        Extensions must implement their own requirements. For this purpose,
+        the list of previously accepted extensions is provided.
+
+        This process doesn't allow the server to reorder extensions. It can
+        only select a subset of the extensions proposed by the client.
+
+        Other requirements, for example related to mandatory extensions or the
+        order of extensions, may be implemented by overriding this method.
+
+        Args:
+            headers: WebSocket handshake request headers.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[Optional[str], List[Extension]]: ``Sec-WebSocket-Extensions``
+            HTTP response header and list of accepted extensions.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidHandshake: to abort the handshake with an HTTP 400 error.
+
+        """
+        response_header_value: Optional[str] = None
+
+        extension_headers: List[ExtensionHeader] = []
+        accepted_extensions: List[Extension] = []
+
+        header_values = headers.get_all("Sec-WebSocket-Extensions")
+
+        if header_values and self.available_extensions:
+
+            parsed_header_values: List[ExtensionHeader] = sum(
+                [parse_extension(header_value) for header_value in header_values], []
+            )
+
+            for name, request_params in parsed_header_values:
+
+                for ext_factory in self.available_extensions:
+
+                    # Skip non-matching extensions based on their name.
+                    if ext_factory.name != name:
+                        continue
+
+                    # Skip non-matching extensions based on their params.
+                    try:
+                        response_params, extension = ext_factory.process_request_params(
+                            request_params, accepted_extensions
+                        )
+                    except NegotiationError:
+                        continue
+
+                    # Add matching extension to the final list.
+                    extension_headers.append((name, response_params))
+                    accepted_extensions.append(extension)
+
+                    # Break out of the loop once we have a match.
+                    break
+
+                # If we didn't break from the loop, no extension in our list
+                # matched what the client sent. The extension is declined.
+
+        # Serialize extension header.
+        if extension_headers:
+            response_header_value = build_extension(extension_headers)
+
+        return response_header_value, accepted_extensions
+
+    def process_subprotocol(self, headers: Headers) -> Optional[Subprotocol]:
+        """
+        Handle the Sec-WebSocket-Protocol HTTP request header.
+
+        Args:
+            headers: WebSocket handshake request headers.
+
+        Returns:
+           Optional[Subprotocol]: Subprotocol, if one was selected; this is
+           also the value of the ``Sec-WebSocket-Protocol`` response header.
+
+        Raises:
+            InvalidHandshake: to abort the handshake with an HTTP 400 error.
+
+        """
+        subprotocol: Optional[Subprotocol] = None
+
+        header_values = headers.get_all("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol")
+
+        if header_values and self.available_subprotocols:
+
+            parsed_header_values: List[Subprotocol] = sum(
+                [parse_subprotocol(header_value) for header_value in header_values], []
+            )
+
+            subprotocol = self.select_subprotocol(
+                parsed_header_values, self.available_subprotocols
+            )
+
+        return subprotocol
+
+    def select_subprotocol(
+        self,
+        client_subprotocols: Sequence[Subprotocol],
+        server_subprotocols: Sequence[Subprotocol],
+    ) -> Optional[Subprotocol]:
+        """
+        Pick a subprotocol among those offered by the client.
+
+        If several subprotocols are supported by the client and the server,
+        the default implementation selects the preferred subprotocols by
+        giving equal value to the priorities of the client and the server.
+
+        If no common subprotocol is supported by the client and the server, it
+        proceeds without a subprotocol.
+
+        This is unlikely to be the most useful implementation in practice, as
+        many servers providing a subprotocol will require that the client uses
+        that subprotocol.
+
+        Args:
+            client_subprotocols: list of subprotocols offered by the client.
+            server_subprotocols: list of subprotocols available on the server.
+
+        Returns:
+            Optional[Subprotocol]: Subprotocol, if a common subprotocol was
+            found.
+
+        """
+        subprotocols = set(client_subprotocols) & set(server_subprotocols)
+        if not subprotocols:
+            return None
+        priority = lambda p: (
+            client_subprotocols.index(p) + server_subprotocols.index(p)
+        )
+        return sorted(subprotocols, key=priority)[0]
+
+    def reject(
+        self,
+        status: http.HTTPStatus,
+        text: str,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """
+        Create a handshake response to reject the connection.
+
+        A short plain text response is the best fallback when failing to
+        establish a WebSocket connection.
+
+        You must send the handshake response with :meth:`send_response`.
+
+        You can modify it before sending it, for example to alter HTTP headers.
+
+        Args:
+            status: HTTP status code.
+            text: HTTP response body; will be encoded to UTF-8.
+
+        Returns:
+            Response: WebSocket handshake response event to send to the client.
+
+        """
+        body = text.encode()
+        headers = Headers(
+            [
+                ("Date", email.utils.formatdate(usegmt=True)),
+                ("Connection", "close"),
+                ("Content-Length", str(len(body))),
+                ("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8"),
+                ("Server", USER_AGENT),
+            ]
+        )
+        self.logger.info("connection failed (%d %s)", status.value, status.phrase)
+        return Response(status.value, status.phrase, headers, body)
+
+    def send_response(self, response: Response) -> None:
+        """
+        Send a handshake response to the client.
+
+        Args:
+            response: WebSocket handshake response event to send.
+
+        """
+        if self.debug:
+            code, phrase = response.status_code, response.reason_phrase
+            self.logger.debug("> HTTP/1.1 %d %s", code, phrase)
+            for key, value in response.headers.raw_items():
+                self.logger.debug("> %s: %s", key, value)
+            if response.body is not None:
+                self.logger.debug("> [body] (%d bytes)", len(response.body))
+
+        self.writes.append(response.serialize())
+
+        if response.status_code == 101:
+            assert self.state is CONNECTING
+            self.state = OPEN
+        else:
+            self.send_eof()
+
+    def parse(self) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+        if self.state is CONNECTING:
+            request = yield from Request.parse(self.reader.read_line)
+
+            if self.debug:
+                self.logger.debug("< GET %s HTTP/1.1", request.path)
+                for key, value in request.headers.raw_items():
+                    self.logger.debug("< %s: %s", key, value)
+
+            self.events.append(request)
+
+        yield from super().parse()
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/speedups.c b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/speedups.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a195904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/speedups.c
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+/* C implementation of performance sensitive functions. */
+
+#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
+#include <Python.h>
+#include <stdint.h> /* uint8_t, uint32_t, uint64_t */
+
+#if __ARM_NEON
+#include <arm_neon.h>
+#elif __SSE2__
+#include <emmintrin.h>
+#endif
+
+static const Py_ssize_t MASK_LEN = 4;
+
+/* Similar to PyBytes_AsStringAndSize, but accepts more types */
+
+static int
+_PyBytesLike_AsStringAndSize(PyObject *obj, PyObject **tmp, char **buffer, Py_ssize_t *length)
+{
+    // This supports bytes, bytearrays, and memoryview objects,
+    // which are common data structures for handling byte streams.
+    // websockets.framing.prepare_data() returns only these types.
+    // If *tmp isn't NULL, the caller gets a new reference.
+    if (PyBytes_Check(obj))
+    {
+        *tmp = NULL;
+        *buffer = PyBytes_AS_STRING(obj);
+        *length = PyBytes_GET_SIZE(obj);
+    }
+    else if (PyByteArray_Check(obj))
+    {
+        *tmp = NULL;
+        *buffer = PyByteArray_AS_STRING(obj);
+        *length = PyByteArray_GET_SIZE(obj);
+    }
+    else if (PyMemoryView_Check(obj))
+    {
+        *tmp = PyMemoryView_GetContiguous(obj, PyBUF_READ, 'C');
+        if (*tmp == NULL)
+        {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        Py_buffer *mv_buf;
+        mv_buf = PyMemoryView_GET_BUFFER(*tmp);
+        *buffer = mv_buf->buf;
+        *length = mv_buf->len;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PyErr_Format(
+            PyExc_TypeError,
+            "expected a bytes-like object, %.200s found",
+            Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* C implementation of websockets.utils.apply_mask */
+
+static PyObject *
+apply_mask(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
+{
+
+    // In order to support various bytes-like types, accept any Python object.
+
+    static char *kwlist[] = {"data", "mask", NULL};
+    PyObject *input_obj;
+    PyObject *mask_obj;
+
+    // A pointer to a char * + length will be extracted from the data and mask
+    // arguments, possibly via a Py_buffer.
+
+    PyObject *input_tmp = NULL;
+    char *input;
+    Py_ssize_t input_len;
+    PyObject *mask_tmp = NULL;
+    char *mask;
+    Py_ssize_t mask_len;
+
+    // Initialize a PyBytesObject then get a pointer to the underlying char *
+    // in order to avoid an extra memory copy in PyBytes_FromStringAndSize.
+
+    PyObject *result = NULL;
+    char *output;
+
+    // Other variables.
+
+    Py_ssize_t i = 0;
+
+    // Parse inputs.
+
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(
+            args, kwds, "OO", kwlist, &input_obj, &mask_obj))
+    {
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    if (_PyBytesLike_AsStringAndSize(input_obj, &input_tmp, &input, &input_len) == -1)
+    {
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    if (_PyBytesLike_AsStringAndSize(mask_obj, &mask_tmp, &mask, &mask_len) == -1)
+    {
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    if (mask_len != MASK_LEN)
+    {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "mask must contain 4 bytes");
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    // Create output.
+
+    result = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(NULL, input_len);
+    if (result == NULL)
+    {
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    // Since we just created result, we don't need error checks.
+    output = PyBytes_AS_STRING(result);
+
+    // Perform the masking operation.
+
+    // Apparently GCC cannot figure out the following optimizations by itself.
+
+    // We need a new scope for MSVC 2010 (non C99 friendly)
+    {
+#if __ARM_NEON
+
+        // With NEON support, XOR by blocks of 16 bytes = 128 bits.
+
+        Py_ssize_t input_len_128 = input_len & ~15;
+        uint8x16_t mask_128 = vreinterpretq_u8_u32(vdupq_n_u32(*(uint32_t *)mask));
+
+        for (; i < input_len_128; i += 16)
+        {
+            uint8x16_t in_128 = vld1q_u8((uint8_t *)(input + i));
+            uint8x16_t out_128 = veorq_u8(in_128, mask_128);
+            vst1q_u8((uint8_t *)(output + i), out_128);
+        }
+
+#elif __SSE2__
+
+        // With SSE2 support, XOR by blocks of 16 bytes = 128 bits.
+
+        // Since we cannot control the 16-bytes alignment of input and output
+        // buffers, we rely on loadu/storeu rather than load/store.
+
+        Py_ssize_t input_len_128 = input_len & ~15;
+        __m128i mask_128 = _mm_set1_epi32(*(uint32_t *)mask);
+
+        for (; i < input_len_128; i += 16)
+        {
+            __m128i in_128 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(input + i));
+            __m128i out_128 = _mm_xor_si128(in_128, mask_128);
+            _mm_storeu_si128((__m128i *)(output + i), out_128);
+        }
+
+#else
+
+        // Without SSE2 support, XOR by blocks of 8 bytes = 64 bits.
+
+        // We assume the memory allocator aligns everything on 8 bytes boundaries.
+
+        Py_ssize_t input_len_64 = input_len & ~7;
+        uint32_t mask_32 = *(uint32_t *)mask;
+        uint64_t mask_64 = ((uint64_t)mask_32 << 32) | (uint64_t)mask_32;
+
+        for (; i < input_len_64; i += 8)
+        {
+            *(uint64_t *)(output + i) = *(uint64_t *)(input + i) ^ mask_64;
+        }
+
+#endif
+    }
+
+    // XOR the remainder of the input byte by byte.
+
+    for (; i < input_len; i++)
+    {
+        output[i] = input[i] ^ mask[i & (MASK_LEN - 1)];
+    }
+
+exit:
+    Py_XDECREF(input_tmp);
+    Py_XDECREF(mask_tmp);
+    return result;
+
+}
+
+static PyMethodDef speedups_methods[] = {
+    {
+        "apply_mask",
+        (PyCFunction)apply_mask,
+        METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
+        "Apply masking to the data of a WebSocket message.",
+    },
+    {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL},      /* Sentinel */
+};
+
+static struct PyModuleDef speedups_module = {
+    PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
+    "websocket.speedups",       /* m_name */
+    "C implementation of performance sensitive functions.",
+                                /* m_doc */
+    -1,                         /* m_size */
+    speedups_methods,           /* m_methods */
+    NULL,
+    NULL,
+    NULL,
+    NULL
+};
+
+PyMODINIT_FUNC
+PyInit_speedups(void)
+{
+    return PyModule_Create(&speedups_module);
+}
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/speedups.cpython-39-darwin.so b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/speedups.cpython-39-darwin.so
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..84dad62
Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/speedups.cpython-39-darwin.so differ
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/streams.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/streams.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f861d4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/streams.py
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Generator
+
+
+class StreamReader:
+    """
+    Generator-based stream reader.
+
+    This class doesn't support concurrent calls to :meth:`read_line`,
+    :meth:`read_exact`, or :meth:`read_to_eof`. Make sure calls are
+    serialized.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.buffer = bytearray()
+        self.eof = False
+
+    def read_line(self, m: int) -> Generator[None, None, bytes]:
+        """
+        Read a LF-terminated line from the stream.
+
+        This is a generator-based coroutine.
+
+        The return value includes the LF character.
+
+        Args:
+            m: maximum number bytes to read; this is a security limit.
+
+        Raises:
+            EOFError: if the stream ends without a LF.
+            RuntimeError: if the stream ends in more than ``m`` bytes.
+
+        """
+        n = 0  # number of bytes to read
+        p = 0  # number of bytes without a newline
+        while True:
+            n = self.buffer.find(b"\n", p) + 1
+            if n > 0:
+                break
+            p = len(self.buffer)
+            if p > m:
+                raise RuntimeError(f"read {p} bytes, expected no more than {m} bytes")
+            if self.eof:
+                raise EOFError(f"stream ends after {p} bytes, before end of line")
+            yield
+        if n > m:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"read {n} bytes, expected no more than {m} bytes")
+        r = self.buffer[:n]
+        del self.buffer[:n]
+        return r
+
+    def read_exact(self, n: int) -> Generator[None, None, bytes]:
+        """
+        Read a given number of bytes from the stream.
+
+        This is a generator-based coroutine.
+
+        Args:
+            n: how many bytes to read.
+
+        Raises:
+            EOFError: if the stream ends in less than ``n`` bytes.
+
+        """
+        assert n >= 0
+        while len(self.buffer) < n:
+            if self.eof:
+                p = len(self.buffer)
+                raise EOFError(f"stream ends after {p} bytes, expected {n} bytes")
+            yield
+        r = self.buffer[:n]
+        del self.buffer[:n]
+        return r
+
+    def read_to_eof(self, m: int) -> Generator[None, None, bytes]:
+        """
+        Read all bytes from the stream.
+
+        This is a generator-based coroutine.
+
+        Args:
+            m: maximum number bytes to read; this is a security limit.
+
+        Raises:
+            RuntimeError: if the stream ends in more than ``m`` bytes.
+
+        """
+        while not self.eof:
+            p = len(self.buffer)
+            if p > m:
+                raise RuntimeError(f"read {p} bytes, expected no more than {m} bytes")
+            yield
+        r = self.buffer[:]
+        del self.buffer[:]
+        return r
+
+    def at_eof(self) -> Generator[None, None, bool]:
+        """
+        Tell whether the stream has ended and all data was read.
+
+        This is a generator-based coroutine.
+
+        """
+        while True:
+            if self.buffer:
+                return False
+            if self.eof:
+                return True
+            # When all data was read but the stream hasn't ended, we can't
+            # tell if until either feed_data() or feed_eof() is called.
+            yield
+
+    def feed_data(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        """
+        Write data to the stream.
+
+        :meth:`feed_data` cannot be called after :meth:`feed_eof`.
+
+        Args:
+            data: data to write.
+
+        Raises:
+            EOFError: if the stream has ended.
+
+        """
+        if self.eof:
+            raise EOFError("stream ended")
+        self.buffer += data
+
+    def feed_eof(self) -> None:
+        """
+        End the stream.
+
+        :meth:`feed_eof` cannot be called more than once.
+
+        Raises:
+            EOFError: if the stream has ended.
+
+        """
+        if self.eof:
+            raise EOFError("stream ended")
+        self.eof = True
+
+    def discard(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Discard all buffered data, but don't end the stream.
+
+        """
+        del self.buffer[:]
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/typing.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/typing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e672ba0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/typing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from typing import List, NewType, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Data",
+    "LoggerLike",
+    "Origin",
+    "Subprotocol",
+    "ExtensionName",
+    "ExtensionParameter",
+]
+
+
+# Public types used in the signature of public APIs
+
+Data = Union[str, bytes]
+"""Types supported in a WebSocket message:
+:class:`str` for a Text_ frame, :class:`bytes` for a Binary_.
+
+.. _Text: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.6
+.. _Binary : https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.6
+
+"""
+
+
+LoggerLike = Union[logging.Logger, logging.LoggerAdapter]
+"""Types accepted where a :class:`~logging.Logger` is expected."""
+
+
+Origin = NewType("Origin", str)
+"""Value of a ``Origin`` header."""
+
+
+Subprotocol = NewType("Subprotocol", str)
+"""Subprotocol in a ``Sec-WebSocket-Protocol`` header."""
+
+
+ExtensionName = NewType("ExtensionName", str)
+"""Name of a WebSocket extension."""
+
+
+ExtensionParameter = Tuple[str, Optional[str]]
+"""Parameter of a WebSocket extension."""
+
+
+# Private types
+
+ExtensionHeader = Tuple[ExtensionName, List[ExtensionParameter]]
+"""Extension in a ``Sec-WebSocket-Extensions`` header."""
+
+
+ConnectionOption = NewType("ConnectionOption", str)
+"""Connection option in a ``Connection`` header."""
+
+
+UpgradeProtocol = NewType("UpgradeProtocol", str)
+"""Upgrade protocol in an ``Upgrade`` header."""
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/uri.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/uri.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fff0c38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/uri.py
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+import urllib.parse
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+from . import exceptions
+
+
+__all__ = ["parse_uri", "WebSocketURI"]
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class WebSocketURI:
+    """
+    WebSocket URI.
+
+    Attributes:
+        secure: :obj:`True` for a ``wss`` URI, :obj:`False` for a ``ws`` URI.
+        host: Normalized to lower case.
+        port: Always set even if it's the default.
+        path: May be empty.
+        query: May be empty if the URI doesn't include a query component.
+        username: Available when the URI contains `User Information`_.
+        password: Available when the URI contains `User Information`_.
+
+    .. _User Information: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986.html#section-3.2.1
+
+    """
+
+    secure: bool
+    host: str
+    port: int
+    path: str
+    query: str
+    username: Optional[str]
+    password: Optional[str]
+
+    @property
+    def resource_name(self) -> str:
+        if self.path:
+            resource_name = self.path
+        else:
+            resource_name = "/"
+        if self.query:
+            resource_name += "?" + self.query
+        return resource_name
+
+    @property
+    def user_info(self) -> Optional[Tuple[str, str]]:
+        if self.username is None:
+            return None
+        assert self.password is not None
+        return (self.username, self.password)
+
+
+# All characters from the gen-delims and sub-delims sets in RFC 3987.
+DELIMS = ":/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;="
+
+
+def parse_uri(uri: str) -> WebSocketURI:
+    """
+    Parse and validate a WebSocket URI.
+
+    Args:
+        uri: WebSocket URI.
+
+    Returns:
+        WebSocketURI: Parsed WebSocket URI.
+
+    Raises:
+        InvalidURI: if ``uri`` isn't a valid WebSocket URI.
+
+    """
+    parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(uri)
+    if parsed.scheme not in ["ws", "wss"]:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidURI(uri, "scheme isn't ws or wss")
+    if parsed.hostname is None:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidURI(uri, "hostname isn't provided")
+    if parsed.fragment != "":
+        raise exceptions.InvalidURI(uri, "fragment identifier is meaningless")
+
+    secure = parsed.scheme == "wss"
+    host = parsed.hostname
+    port = parsed.port or (443 if secure else 80)
+    path = parsed.path
+    query = parsed.query
+    username = parsed.username
+    password = parsed.password
+    # urllib.parse.urlparse accepts URLs with a username but without a
+    # password. This doesn't make sense for HTTP Basic Auth credentials.
+    if username is not None and password is None:
+        raise exceptions.InvalidURI(uri, "username provided without password")
+
+    try:
+        uri.encode("ascii")
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        # Input contains non-ASCII characters.
+        # It must be an IRI. Convert it to a URI.
+        host = host.encode("idna").decode()
+        path = urllib.parse.quote(path, safe=DELIMS)
+        query = urllib.parse.quote(query, safe=DELIMS)
+        if username is not None:
+            assert password is not None
+            username = urllib.parse.quote(username, safe=DELIMS)
+            password = urllib.parse.quote(password, safe=DELIMS)
+
+    return WebSocketURI(secure, host, port, path, query, username, password)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/utils.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c404049
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import hashlib
+import secrets
+import sys
+
+
+__all__ = ["accept_key", "apply_mask"]
+
+
+GUID = "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11"
+
+
+def generate_key() -> str:
+    """
+    Generate a random key for the Sec-WebSocket-Key header.
+
+    """
+    key = secrets.token_bytes(16)
+    return base64.b64encode(key).decode()
+
+
+def accept_key(key: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Compute the value of the Sec-WebSocket-Accept header.
+
+    Args:
+        key: value of the Sec-WebSocket-Key header.
+
+    """
+    sha1 = hashlib.sha1((key + GUID).encode()).digest()
+    return base64.b64encode(sha1).decode()
+
+
+def apply_mask(data: bytes, mask: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Apply masking to the data of a WebSocket message.
+
+    Args:
+        data: data to mask.
+        mask: 4-bytes mask.
+
+    """
+    if len(mask) != 4:
+        raise ValueError("mask must contain 4 bytes")
+
+    data_int = int.from_bytes(data, sys.byteorder)
+    mask_repeated = mask * (len(data) // 4) + mask[: len(data) % 4]
+    mask_int = int.from_bytes(mask_repeated, sys.byteorder)
+    return (data_int ^ mask_int).to_bytes(len(data), sys.byteorder)
diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/version.py b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca379af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/websockets/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
+__all__ = ["tag", "version", "commit"]
+
+
+# ========= =========== ===================
+#           release     development
+# ========= =========== ===================
+# tag       X.Y         X.Y (upcoming)
+# version   X.Y         X.Y.dev1+g5678cde
+# commit    X.Y         5678cde
+# ========= =========== ===================
+
+
+# When tagging a release, set `released = True`.
+# After tagging a release, set `released = False` and increment `tag`.
+
+released = True
+
+tag = version = commit = "10.2"
+
+
+if not released:  # pragma: no cover
+    import pathlib
+    import re
+    import subprocess
+
+    def get_version(tag: str) -> str:
+        # Since setup.py executes the contents of src/websockets/version.py,
+        # __file__ can point to either of these two files.
+        file_path = pathlib.Path(__file__)
+        root_dir = file_path.parents[0 if file_path.name == "setup.py" else 2]
+
+        # Read version from git if available. This prevents reading stale
+        # information from src/websockets.egg-info after building a sdist.
+        try:
+            description = subprocess.run(
+                ["git", "describe", "--dirty", "--tags", "--long"],
+                capture_output=True,
+                cwd=root_dir,
+                timeout=1,
+                check=True,
+                text=True,
+            ).stdout.strip()
+        # subprocess.run raises FileNotFoundError if git isn't on $PATH.
+        except (FileNotFoundError, subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+            pass
+        else:
+            description_re = r"[0-9.]+-([0-9]+)-(g[0-9a-f]{7}(?:-dirty)?)"
+            match = re.fullmatch(description_re, description)
+            assert match is not None
+            distance, remainder = match.groups()
+            remainder = remainder.replace("-", ".")  # required by PEP 440
+            return f"{tag}.dev{distance}+{remainder}"
+
+        # Read version from package metadata if it is installed.
+        try:
+            import importlib.metadata  # move up when dropping Python 3.7
+
+            return importlib.metadata.version("websockets")
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+
+        # Avoid crashing if the development version cannot be determined.
+        return f"{tag}.dev0+gunknown"
+
+    version = get_version(tag)
+
+    def get_commit(tag: str, version: str) -> str:
+        # Extract commit from version, falling back to tag if not available.
+        version_re = r"[0-9.]+\.dev[0-9]+\+g([0-9a-f]{7}|unknown)(?:\.dirty)?"
+        match = re.fullmatch(version_re, version)
+        assert match is not None
+        (commit,) = match.groups()
+        return tag if commit == "unknown" else commit
+
+    commit = get_commit(tag, version)
diff --git a/.venv/pyvenv.cfg b/.venv/pyvenv.cfg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4679e2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/pyvenv.cfg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+home = /Users/mwiegand/Projekte/blockirgendwaschaindings/.venv/bin
+include-system-site-packages = false
+version = 3.9.10
diff --git a/app.py b/app.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f7729f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+from requests import get
+
+tokens = [
+    '2jY7jnS3xQQjwtkQxQtjQRqwmTixMZnYhFT5vJJgX23P',
+    "BPBXQ39C7g6LLSRWHwnrz4xmhL5WUo1hZn9PozgXAepN",
+    "DuSGvALuHGma64NWVivkcUm9caQ56NLaBxL7h2BJM7U6",
+    "2QobG8dg9hHSFWezCYpKKw4cnorPoymEuQUSP4ncCvXX",
+    "8ATf4ZAfUhipXtXarSgsg7U1MiWXCbeGLCZB1B5XJjsX",
+]
+
+holders = {}
+
+for token in tokens:
+    result = get(
+        'https://public-api.solscan.io/token/holders',
+        params={
+            'tokenAddress': token,
+            'offset': 0,
+            'limit': 10,
+        },
+        headers={
+            'Accept': 'application/json',
+        },
+    ) 
+
+    for holder in result.json()['data']:
+        holders\
+            .setdefault(holder['owner'], [])\
+            .append({
+                'token': token,
+                'amount': holder['amount']
+            })
+
+for holder, tokens in holders.items():
+    print(f'HOLDER {holder}')
+    
+    for token in tokens:
+        print(f"  - {token['token']} ({token['amount']})")